text:
American football
quarterback
National Football League
NFL Europe
Los Angeles Rams
undrafted free agent
college football
Weber State
Washington Redskins
Jacksonville Jaguars
Cleveland Browns
New York Jets
New Orleans Saints
San Francisco 49ers
Amsterdam Admirals
Arroyo Grande High School
Arroyo Grande, California
California Interscholastic Federation
Weber State University
NCAA
Division I-AA
Big Sky Conference
Idaho State
Eastern Washington
All-America
Walter Payton Award
East–West Shrine Game
Hula Bowl
Los Angeles Rams
Amsterdam Admirals
NFL Europe
Washington Redskins
Jacksonville Jaguars
Detroit
Tennessee
Cleveland Browns
Marc Bulger
New York Jets
Drew Brees
San Francisco 49ers
quarterback
Alex Smith
injured reserve
Mike Martz
University of Northern Colorado

categories: Amsterdam Admirals players,Washington Redskins players,1970 births,People from Arroyo Grande, California,Los Angeles Rams players,St. Louis Rams players,Players of American football from California,San Francisco 49ers players,New Orleans Saints players,Sportspeople from Los Angeles,New York Jets players,Jacksonville Jaguars players,Living people,Walter Payton Award winners,San Diego Chargers players,Cleveland Browns players,American football quarterbacks,Weber State Wildcats football players,Sportspeople from Santa Ana, California

paragraph: Jamie Martin (American football)

paragraph: Jamie Blane Martin (born February 8, 1970) is a former American football quarterback of the National Football League and NFL Europe. He was signed by the Los Angeles Rams as an undrafted free agent in 1993. He played college football at Weber State.

paragraph: Martin was also a member of the Washington Redskins, Jacksonville Jaguars, Cleveland Browns, New York Jets, New Orleans Saints, San Francisco 49ers, and Amsterdam Admirals football teams.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Martin attended Arroyo Grande High School in Arroyo Grande, California. He led his team to the California Interscholastic Federation championship in 1987.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Martin starred at Weber State University from 1989 to 1992. As a freshman, he played in eight games, but showed few glimpses of his future greatness. Martin struggled as he adjusted to football at the college level; he completed just 86 of 233 passes for 1,175 yards and nine touchdowns.

paragraph: The next year (1990) was Martin's break-out season. He completed 256 of 428 passes for 3,700 yards and 23 touchdowns. He led the NCAA Division I-AA in passing (336.4 yards per game) and total offense (337.6 yards per game). He was named to the First Team All-Big Sky Conference.

paragraph: Martin followed his strong sophomore campaign with a spectacular junior year (1991). He completed 310 of 500 passes for 4,125 yards and 35 touchdowns. He again led the Division I-AA in passing (375.0 yards per game) and total offense (394.3 yards per game). With Martin at the helm, Weber State's offense averaged 578.5 yards per game, setting a national record. Martin set Division I-AA records for pass completions (47), passing yards (624), and total offense yards (643) in a game against Idaho State. He also had a spectacular performance against Eastern Washington, throwing seven touchdown passes in that game. For his efforts, Martin was named First Team All-American and was awarded the Walter Payton Award, given annually to the top Division I-AA player in the nation.

paragraph: His senior season (1992) was solid, but his statistics declined from the previous year. He finished with 282 completions in 383 attempts, totaling 3,207 yards and 20 touchdown passes. He led the Big Sky in passing (291.5 yards per game) and earned Third Team All-American honors. Martin finished his career as the all-time leader in passing (12,207 yards) and total offense (12,287 yards) in the history of Division I-AA football. His 87 career touchdown passes were a Big Sky record. He played in the 1993 East–West Shrine Game and the Hula Bowl.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:First stint with Rams.

paragraph: Despite his tremendous collegiate career, Martin was not drafted into the NFL. He signed a free agent contract with the Los Angeles Rams in 1993. He spent four seasons with the Rams franchise (two in Los Angeles, two after the team moved to St. Louis). He played in nine games with the Amsterdam Admirals of the NFL Europe in 1995. He saw his first action in the NFL in 1996, playing in six games with the Rams.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Washington.

paragraph: Martin spent 1997 as third-string quarterback for Washington Redskins of the NFL.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:First stint with Jaguars.

paragraph: After one season in Washington, Martin joined the Jacksonville Jaguars for the 1998 season. He played in four games with the Jaguars; his first pass attempt against Detroit went for a 67-yard touchdown. His first career start came December 13 against Tennessee, but an ACL injury in that game ended his season. He finished 1998 with 27 completions for 355 yards and two touchdowns; his final passer rating was 99.8 points.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Cleveland Browns.

paragraph: Martin joined the Cleveland Browns for the 1999 season, but spent most of the year on the inactive list.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Second stint with Jaguars.

paragraph: Martin re-joined the Jaguars in 2000, and saw limited action in five games.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Second stint with Rams.

paragraph: Martin had his second stint with the Rams from 2001–2002. He saw significant playing time in 2002 filling in for injured quarterback Marc Bulger. He played in 5 games, starting two of them, throwing for 1,216 yards with 7 touchdowns and 10 interceptions.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New York Jets.

paragraph: Martin spent 2003 with the New York Jets, but did not appear in a game for them.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Third stint with Rams.

paragraph: Martin joined the Rams for the third time in 2004 and spent two seasons with the team.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New Orleans Saints.

paragraph: Martin joined the Saints in 2006 and served as a backup to Drew Brees for two seasons.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:San Francisco 49ers.

paragraph: On September 10, 2008, Martin was signed by the San Francisco 49ers after quarterback Alex Smith was placed on injured reserve. The move reunited Martin with 49ers offensive coordinator and former Rams head coach Mike Martz.

paragraph: Section::::Current.

paragraph: On April 4, 2012, Martin, a drum player, founded Explode the Moon, an electric rock band that does Cheap Trick cover songs. He is also the offensive coordinator for Parkway West High School in Ballwin, Missouri. Jamie’s son, Andrew Martin is also currently the quarterback for Parkway West Middle Schools 8th grade football team, and Jamie’s wife coaches the Parkway West varsity cheerleaders.

paragraph: On November 15, 2014, at halftime of Weber State's victory over the University of Northern Colorado, his #10 jersey was retired by Weber State University.

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Jamie Martin

wikipedia_title: Jamie Martin (American football)


text:
Schneider Trophy
Adolphe Schneider
Société Schneider et Cie
Charles Bourlon de Rouvre
La Korrigane
Maison d'Ananie
Wilbur Wright
Le Mans
Knight of the Legion of Honor
Beaulieu-sur-Mer
Aéroclub de France
seaplane
gold franc
World War I
Jean-Louis Beaucarnot
Elvire de Brissac
prix Femina Essai

categories: French aviators,Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery,Balloon flight record holders,French balloonists,1928 deaths,1879 births,French financiers

paragraph: Jacques Schneider

paragraph: Jacques P. Schneider (25 July 1879 – 1 May 1928) was the French financier, balloonist and aircraft enthusiast, who created the Schneider Trophy.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Jacques P. Schneider was born near Paris on 25 July 1879.

paragraph: His father was Paul Henry Schneider (1841-1916), and his grandfather was Adolphe Schneider (1802-1845), founder of "Société Schneider et Cie".

paragraph: Jacques Schneider was trained as an engineer at the "Ecole des Mines".

paragraph: He was the wealthy heir to an industrial empire based on metallurgy and armament manufacturing, which had prospered with the development of railways, iron ships and modern weapons such as machine guns, tanks and artillery.

paragraph: He married Françoise Bourlon de Rouvre (1885-1931), daughter of Charles Bourlon de Rouvre.

paragraph: They had two daughters: Monique (1908-1995), who married her cousin Étienne de Ganay (1899-1990), whose descendants Étienne et Monique de Ganay were part of the expedition of "La Korrigane", and Louise-Charlotte (14 July 1912 - 29 May 2012), co-founder of the Maison d'Ananie.

paragraph: Schneider had a taste for adventure, and took in turn to racing hydroplane boats, ballooning and piloting early airplanes.

paragraph: He became a balloon pilot with the AéroClub de France in 1908.

paragraph: He set a high altitude record in ballooning, at .

paragraph: His interest in engine powered heavier-than-air flights started when he saw Wilbur Wright performing a flight demonstration in Le Mans in August 1908.

paragraph: In 1911 he was given airplane pilot certificate number 409.

paragraph: At this time airplanes were lightly built of wood and canvas, and easily damaged.

paragraph: Forced to abandon flying after a severe accident, he became a constant financial supporter of various flight contests.

paragraph: Jacques Schneider was made a Knight of the Legion of Honor.

paragraph: The Schneider arms business was driven into bankruptcy after the war, and Schneider was reduced to poverty.

paragraph: Jacques Schneider died on 1 May 1928 at Beaulieu-sur-Mer on the French Riviera.

paragraph: Section::::Schneider cup.

paragraph: Schneider thought that seaplanes had a great future since so much of the earth is covered by water,

paragraph: which could be used for takeoff by large, heavy aircraft without the need to build runways.

paragraph: On 5 December 1912, at the "Aéroclub de France" he proposed an annual contest for seaplanes, the "Coupe d'Aviation Maritime Jacques Schneider" (Schneider Trophy), to support the technical progress of civil aviation. Participants had to fly a distance of at least .

paragraph: The reward for the winner was 25,000 gold francs and a cup worth the same as the prize.

paragraph: If a nation won the cup three times within five years, the cup would belong to them.

paragraph: The first Schneider cup competition was held in 1913 in the Mediterranean off Monaco and another competition was held the next year. The competition was suspended during World War I, then resumed in 1919. Nine more races were held until the competition was permanently suspended in 1931.

paragraph: The races did not achieve Schneider's objective of furthering commercial aviation by developing robust long-range airplanes.

paragraph: Instead, they became an object of intense national competition, with designs built only to win the cup and of little use for other purposes.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Sources

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean-Louis Beaucarnot, "Les Schneider, une dynastie", Hachette Littérature, 1986

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elvire de Brissac, "Ô dix-neuvième !", Grasset, prix Femina Essai, 2001

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elvire de Brissac, "Il était une fois les Schneider", Grasset, 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dominique Schneidre, "Les Schneider, Le Creusot", Fayard, 1995

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Schneider, Le Creusot, une famille, une entreprise, une ville, 1836-1960", catalogue de l'exposition

wikidata_label: Jacques Schneider

wikipedia_title: Jacques Schneider


text: Winona, Minnesota

text: Pontifical North American College

text: Rome, Italy

text: Diocese of Winona

text: Pope Paul VI

text: St. Peter's Basilica

text: St Paul's

text: Ottawa

text: diocesan

text: vocation

text: vicar general

text: John George Vlazny

text: Archdiocese of Portland in Oregon

text: interregnum

text: Bernard Harrington

text: Pope Benedict XVI

text: Catholic Church hierarchy

text: Catholic Church in the United States

categories: 1949 births,American Roman Catholic bishops,Pontifical North American College alumni,Roman Catholic Diocese of Winona-Rochester,Roman Catholic bishops of Crookston,People from Winona, Minnesota,Living people

paragraph: Michael Joseph Hoeppner

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Bishop Hoeppner is a native of Winona, Minnesota, and comes from a background in parish work and administration coupled with teaching ministry.

paragraph: Bishop Hoeppner undertook his theological studies at the Pontifical North American College in Rome, Italy, and was ordained to the priesthood for the Diocese of Winona on June 29, 1975, by Pope Paul VI at St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.

paragraph: He further continued his education and received a Licentiate in Canon Law from St Paul's in Ottawa. In addition to assignments within the Catholic school system, Hoeppner served as diocesan director of vocations. He served as Winona's judicial vicar from 1988–1997 and was later appointed vicar general by Bishop John George Vlazny.

paragraph: Following Bishop Vlazny's transfer to the Archdiocese of Portland in Oregon, Hoeppner was elected as diocesan administrator to oversee the diocese during the interregnum before the appointment and arrival of Bishop Bernard Harrington, who subsequently appointed Hoeppner as his vicar general.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Bishop of Crookston.

paragraph: Hoeppner was appointed Bishop of Crookston by Pope Benedict XVI on September 28, 2007. Hoeppner was ordained and installed as Bishop of the Diocese of Crookston on November 30, 2007.

paragraph: Section::::2017 Coercion Allegation.

paragraph: In May 2017, Bishop Hoeppner became the first bishop to be sued individually for coercion, after allegedly pressuring a diaconate candidate to silence about a past priestly abuse claim. The victim claimed Hoeppner's coercion was like "being abused all over again."

paragraph: On September 20, 2017, a settlement was reached between the claimant and Bishop Hoeppner, with the latter releasing a copy of a letter the diaconate candidate was allegedly pressured to sign keeping the past abuse confidential. Attorney Mike Finnegan says that this letter proves Bishop Hoeppner's guilt in coercing the retraction of the abuse claim.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church hierarchy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church in the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roman Catholic Diocese of Crookston Official Site

description: Catholic bishop

wikidata_label: Michael Joseph Hoeppner

wikipedia_title: Michael Joseph Hoeppner


text:
Bishop of Metz
Saint Peter
Metz
Hippolyte Delehaye
gospels
Christ's
Pope Clement I
dragon
amphitheater
Seille
Middle Ages
effigy
French Renaissance
François Rabelais
Rogation days
Paul Verlaine
cathedral
Alain Celo
Messin
stag
Lorraine

categories: Christian saints in unknown century,Bishops of Metz,Gallo-Roman saints

paragraph: Clément of Metz

paragraph: Saint Clement of Metz (; ) is venerated as the first Bishop of Metz. According to tradition, he was sent by Saint Peter to Metz during the 1st century, with two disciples: Celestius ("Céleste de Metz") and Felix ("Felix de Metz"), who are listed as his successors in that see. However, this legend may have been constructed much later to lend more antiquity to the episcopal see, and to make the diocese of Metz appear to be more ancient than it actually was. As Hippolyte Delehaye writes, "To have lived amongst the Saviour's immediate following was...honorable...and accordingly old patrons of churches were identified with certain persons in the gospels or who were supposed to have had some part of Christ's life on earth." Elaboration of this legend states that Clement was the uncle of Pope Clement I.

paragraph: Clement may have actually arrived at Metz at the end of the 3rd century, though the first fully authenticated bishop, however, is Sperus or Hesperus, who was bishop in 535.

paragraph: Section::::Legend of the Graoully dragon.

paragraph: Clement of Metz, like many other saints, is the hero of a legend in which he is the vanquisher of a local dragon. In the legend of Saint Clement it is called the "Graoully" or "Graouilly". The legend states that the Graoully, along with countless other snakes, inhabited the local Roman amphitheater. The snakes’ breath had so poisoned the area that the inhabitants of the town were effectively trapped in the town. After converting the local inhabitants to Christianity after they agreed to do so in return for ridding them of the dragon, Clement went into the amphitheater and quickly made the sign of the cross after the snakes attacked him. They immediately were tamed by this. Clement led the Graoully to the edge of the Seille, and ordered him to disappear into a place where there were no men or beasts. Orius did not convert to Christianity after Clement tamed the dragon. However, when the king’s daughter died, Clement brought her back from the dead, thereby resulting in the king’s conversion.

paragraph: The Graoully quickly became a symbol of the town of Metz and can be see in numerous demonstrations of the city, since the 10th century. In the Middle Ages, a large effigy of the Graoully was carried during processions in the town. The Graoully was a large canvas figure stuffed with hay and twelve feet high. The French Renaissance writer François Rabelais described the Graoully's effigy during a procession of the 16th century:

paragraph: During the 18th century, bakers gave the dragon a small loaf of white bread, while on the last day of Rogation days, children whipped the effigy in the courtyard of the abbey of Saint Arnould, which was the last stage of the procession. Poet Paul Verlaine was also frightened as a child by the "cardboard monster" during the processions in his hometown. Authors from Metz tend to present the legend of the Graoully as a symbol of Christianity's victory over paganism, represented by the harmful dragon. Today, the Graoully remains one of the major symbols of Metz. A representation of the Graoully from the 16th century may be seen in the crypt in the cathedral. Also, a semi-permanent sculpture of the Graoully is also suspended in mid-air on Taison street, near the cathedral. Moreover, the Graoully is shown on the heraldic emblems of Metz's football club and it is also the nickname of Metz's ice hockey team.

paragraph: Violist, composer Alain Celo, from the National Orchestra of Lorraine, has written a piece for ensemble entitled "The Graoully, Messin dragon". The piece is a musical story with narration depicting the epic fight between Saint Clement and the legendary dragon in the Roman amphitheater.

paragraph: Section::::Legend of the stag.

paragraph: Another legend associated with Clement states that a stag took refuge under the saint’s knees on two occasions, thereby convincing the local king, Orius, whose dogs were in pursuit of the stag, of Clement's sanctity.

paragraph: Section::::Veneration.

paragraph: The celebration of Saint Clement of Metz is the November, 23. Also, the major abbey in Metz, now home to the Lorraine parliament, was named after him.

description: French bishop and saint

wikidata_label: Clement

wikipedia_title: Clément of Metz


text:
Italian
Baroque
Bologna
Francesco Albani
landscape
copper plates
Chiari
Brescia
British Museum
London
Carlo Cesare Malvasia

categories: Italian landscape painters,Italian male painters,Italian Baroque painters,17th-century Italian painters,1636 births,Painters of ruins,Bolognese painters,1675 deaths

paragraph: Francesco Vaccaro

paragraph: Francesco Vaccaro also known as Vaccari, Vacari (24 September 1636 – 13 December 1675) was an Italian painter and engraver of the Baroque period, who trained in his native Bologna under Francesco Albani . He was chiefly known as a painter, from his landscape and architectural views.

paragraph: He published a treatise entitled "Views and Perspectives of Ruins, Fountains and Buildings of Italy" , embellished with twelve copper plates. Two copies of this treatise are kept at the Repossi Art Gallery in Chiari, in the province of Brescia, while four others are in the British Museum, London.

paragraph: Vaccaro's work as a painter mainly involved decorating noble palaces in his hometown and neighbouring cities: the art historian Carlo Cesare Malvasia (1616-1693) noted in his work Felsina Pittrice (1678) that Vaccaro had painted "the frescoes in chiaroscuro colours in the chapel of S. Apollonia, in the church of the saints Vitale and Agricola; [...] and in the Vizzani palace he painted two rooms, [...] two rooms in the Palazzo de Ratta. Then he added that 'in the Palazzo de'Fontana di San Mamolo he painted a whole gallery up to the ground with various puttini and architectures' but that he himself went to see the work to describe it in his book and found it to be 'in modern use, all covered in white'. It had therefore already been destroyed by the owners of the building and covered with white plaster.

paragraph: Also according to Malvasia, towards the year 1670 Vaccaro secretly left Bologna, so that he would not have to testify about a murder committed by one of his acquaintances.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Specific

description: Italian painter

wikidata_label: Francesco Vaccaro

wikipedia_title: Francesco Vaccaro


text: knight

text: Kendal

text: Westmorland

text: Cumbria

text: Tudor period

text: Catherine Parr

text: King Henry VIII

text: Sir William Parr

text: Elizabeth FitzHugh

text: Edward III of England

text: Sir Thomas Parr of Kendal

text: Ravensworth Castle

text: Lady Alice Neville

text: Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury

text: "Warwick, the Kingmaker"

text: War of the Roses

text: Lady Joan Beaufort

text: John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster

text: Edward III

text: landed gentry

text: Lady Margaret Beaufort

text: Earl of Westmoreland

text: Sir Nicholas Vaux

text: Thomas More

text: Lord Chancellor

text: Cuthbert Tunstall

text: Catherine

text: Henry VIII

text: Comptroller to the King

text: High Sheriff of Northamptonshire

text: Lincolnshire

text: Catherine of Aragon

text: Catherine

text: Blackfriars

text: Thurnham

text: Maud Green

text: Sir Thomas Green

text: Joan Fogge

text: Catherine

text: Anne

text: Catherine Parr

text: Sir Edward Burgh

text: Gainsborough

text: John Nevill, 3rd Baron Latimer

text: Henry VIII

text: Hampton Court Palace

text: Sir Thomas Seymour

text: Mary Seymour

text: Anne Bourchier, 7th Baroness Bourchier

text: Elizabeth Brooke

text: Helena Snakenborg

text: Anne Parr, Countess of Pembroke

text: William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke

text: William

text: Cuthbert Tunstall

text: William Parr

text: Blackfriars

categories: High Sheriffs of Northamptonshire,1483 births,1517 deaths,People from Kendal,High Sheriffs of Lincolnshire,Year of birth uncertain,15th-century English people,English knights,Parr family,People of the Tudor period,16th-century English people

paragraph: Thomas Parr (died 1517)

paragraph: Sir Thomas Parr (c. 1483 – 11 November 1517) was an English knight, courtier and Lord of the Manor of Kendal in Westmorland (now Cumbria) during the Tudor period. He is best known as the father of Catherine Parr, queen consort of England and the sixth and final wife of King Henry VIII.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Thomas was the son of Sir William Parr and Elizabeth FitzHugh. He descended from King Edward III of England through his mother, Elizabeth. Thomas's paternal grandparents were Sir Thomas Parr of Kendal and Alice Tunstall. His maternal grandparents were Sir Henry FitzHugh, 5th Baron FitzHugh of Ravensworth Castle and Lady Alice Neville, daughter of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury and Alice Montacute, 5th Countess of Salisbury. The Earl and Countess were parents to "Warwick, the Kingmaker" who was influential in the War of the Roses. The 5th Earl of Salisbury was the son of Lady Joan Beaufort, daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster, son of Edward III.

paragraph: Thomas' forebears were members of a rough-and-ready northern landed gentry clan, the Parrs of Kendal. They had been, after the crown, the most influential presence in southern Westmoreland since 1381. His mother and grandmother before him were royal ladies-in-waiting, and this enabled Thomas to acquire a polished upbringing at the English court.

paragraph: According to biographer Susan James, the young Thomas most likely studied under Maurice Westbury of Oxford, learning (among other things) classical Greek and Latin as well as modern languages. Westbury had been installed as a teacher by Lady Margaret Beaufort at her estate of Colyweston. It was at Colyweston that certain gentlemen, including the son of the Earl of Westmoreland, not only received an education but also gained political connections that would prove useful in their future careers. Thomas' father, the first Baron Parr of Kendal, had once been Lady Margaret Beaufort's revisionary heir to her substantial lands in Westmoreland, known as the Richmond fee. Thomas' mother's family by her second marriage to Sir Nicholas Vaux (later 1st Baron Vaux of Harrowden), were also close to Margaret, enjoying a long-term relationship with her.

paragraph: In adulthood, Thomas found the educative tools that he had acquired as a young man to be of considerable practical use, and he would emphasise this aspect of household management when the time came to educate his own children.

paragraph: Sir Thomas More's first wife, Jane, was a niece of Parr by marriage, thereby making More an in-law of his. Parr was fond of More – the future but ill-fated Lord Chancellor of the kingdom – and respected his intellect. He was also an advocate of the teachings of his erudite cousin, Sir Cuthbert Tunstall. These teachings embraced the discipline of mathematics, which Thomas' daughter Catherine would put to good use in her later capacity as the lady of a succession of important households.

paragraph: Under the rule of King Henry VIII, the Parr family flourished. Their influence, income, and titles increased as Thomas' career advanced. He became a Master of the Wards and was appointed Master of the Guards and Comptroller to the King. He was knighted and made High Sheriff of Northamptonshire in 1509, and of Lincolnshire in 1510. His wife, Maud, became a lady-in-waiting to Queen Catherine of Aragon. Shortly before the birth of their first surviving child, Catherine, the couple had bought a house in Blackfriars, London. Sir Thomas was popular with Henry and, as we have seen, served at court with Sir Thomas More. Although he was rich in land and money, Sir Thomas never attained the aristocratic title of baron. He did, however, hold messuages, lands, woods, and rents in Parr, Wigan, and Sutton, as well as the manor of Thurnham.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage.

paragraph: Thomas Parr married Maud Green (6 April 1492 – 1 December 1531), daughter of Sir Thomas Green and Joan Fogge in 1508. Before the birth of their most famous offspring, Catherine (also spelled Katherine), Maud gave birth to a son. This occurred not long after Maud and Thomas' marriage. Their happiness at the birth proved short lived as the baby soon died and his name remains unknown. After the birth of their fourth child, Anne, Maud fell pregnant again – in circa 1517, the year of her husband's death. The child, however, either miscarried or was stillborn, or succumbed in very early infancy to an illness. Whatever the cause of the tragic loss, it may have been somewhat of a relief on a practical level as the baby had arrived at a difficult juncture in Maud's life, with her husband dying and she being appointed executrix of his estate.

paragraph: The surviving children of Sir Thomas and Maud were:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catherine Parr (1512–5 September 1548), Queen Consort of England and Ireland, who wedded:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Edward Burgh, 1529 at Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, England.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Nevill, 3rd Baron Latimer, 1534 in London, Middlesex, England.

paragraph: BULLET::::- King Henry VIII, 12 July 1543 at Hampton Court Palace in the private oratory of the Queen's Closet.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Thomas Seymour on 4 April 1547. Had issue: Mary Seymour.

paragraph: BULLET::::- William Parr, 1st Marquess of Northampton (c. 1513–28 October 1571). He married three times, all without issue:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anne Bourchier, 7th Baroness Bourchier

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elizabeth Brooke

paragraph: BULLET::::- Helena Snakenborg.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anne Parr, Countess of Pembroke (c. 1515–20 February 1552), married in 1538, William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke, by whom she had two sons and a daughter.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Sir Thomas fell seriously ill in November 1517. He compiled a will which made provision for his wife and children. The two female children were to receive dowries while the bulk of the estate was to be inherited by his only male child, William. Because Sir Thomas died before any of his children were of age, Maud – together with Sir Cuthbert Tunstall, the children's uncle Sir William Parr, and a Dr. Melton – were made executors.

paragraph: Sir Thomas died in his home at Blackfriars, London, on 11 November 1517. He was interred in St. Anne's Church, Blackfriars, within an elaborate tomb. His widow would be buried beside him in due course.

alias:
Thomas Parr
Thomas (III) Parr
Sir Thomas (III) Parr

description: English knight

wikidata_label: Sir Thomas Parr

wikipedia_title: Thomas Parr (died 1517)


text:
silent film
Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle
Back Stage
The Garage
The Round-Up
John Ford
Clarence Badger
Mountain Blood
Bucking Broadway
A Marked Man
Straight Shooting
The Pulse of Life
The Soul Herder
The Rescue
Lure of the Circus
A Woman's Fool
Hell Bent
The Scarlet Drop
Thieves' Gold
Wild Women
The Phantom Riders
The Hayseed
Back Stage
A Desert Hero
The Bank Clerk
Sally's Blighted Career
The Garage
Made in Heaven
Sure Fire
An Unwilling Hero
Red Courage
The Old Nest
Blaze Away (1922 film)
Across the Dead-Line
The Trail of Hate
Little Johnny Jones
Battling Bunyan
The Knockout Kid
The Bandit Buster
Rawhide
Bad Man's Bluff
The Golden Stallion

categories: 20th-century American actresses,1952 deaths,American film actresses,American silent film actresses,Actresses from Wisconsin,1888 births

paragraph: Molly Malone (actress)

paragraph: Violet Elizabeth Malone (stage name Molly Malone) (December 7, 1888 – February 14, 1952) was an American actress of the silent film era. She appeared in 86 films between 1916 and 1929. Her father, Lewis Malone, was a metallurgist for mining companies. Her mother was Violet St. John, born in Nebraska to immigrant parents from England.

paragraph: She started her movie career at the relatively late age of 29 but soon caught the eye of comedic actor and director Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle who cast her in a number of his shorts including "Back Stage" and "The Garage" plus his feature film "The Round-Up". She also appeared in films directed by John Ford and Clarence Badger. Her last film was the Universal-Stern silent comedy short "The Newlyweds' Pest" in 1929.

paragraph: Section::::Selected filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mountain Blood" (1916)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bucking Broadway" (1917)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Marked Man" (1917)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Straight Shooting" (1917)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Pulse of Life" (1917)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Soul Herder" (1917)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Rescue" (1917)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lure of the Circus" (1918)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Woman's Fool" (1918)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hell Bent" (1918)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Scarlet Drop" (1918)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Thieves' Gold" (1918)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wild Women" (1918)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Phantom Riders" (1918)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Hayseed" (1919)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Back Stage" (1919)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Desert Hero" (1919)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Bank Clerk" (1919)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sally's Blighted Career" (1919)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Round-Up" (1920)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Garage" (1920)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Made in Heaven" (1921)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sure Fire" (1921)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "An Unwilling Hero" (1921)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Red Courage" (1921)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Old Nest" (1921) as Molly McLeod

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blaze Away (1922 film)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Across the Dead-Line" (1922)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Trail of Hate" (1922)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Little Johnny Jones" (1923)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Battling Bunyan" (1924)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Knockout Kid" (1925)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Bandit Buster" (1926)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rawhide" (1926)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bad Man's Bluff" (1926)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Golden Stallion" (1927)

description: actress

wikidata_label: Molly Malone

wikipedia_title: Molly Malone (actress)


text:
racing driver
Charouz Racing System
FIA Formula 3

categories: South African racing drivers,1996 births,Toyota Racing Series drivers,FIA Formula 3 European Championship drivers,Euroformula Open Championship drivers,Living people,GP3 Series drivers

paragraph: Raoul Hyman

paragraph: Raoul Hyman (born 12 May 1996), is a South African racing driver, who is currently racing for Charouz Racing System in FIA Formula 3.

paragraph: Section::::Racing record.

paragraph: Section::::Racing record.:Career summary.

paragraph: Season still in progress.

paragraph: Section::::Racing record.:Complete FIA Formula 3 Championship results.

paragraph: Season still in progress.

description: South African racing driver

wikidata_label: Raoul Hyman

wikipedia_title: Raoul Hyman


text:
Greek
Renaissance humanist
Crete
Rome
Etymologicum Magnum
Rome
Pindar
Epinikion
Marcus Musurus
Janus Lascaris
Venice
Nicolaos Vlastos
Anna Notaras
Galen
xylography
Pindar
Pindar
Arsenios of Monemvasia
Greek scholars in the Renaissance

categories: 16th-century Greek people,People from Rethymno,15th-century printers,Greek Renaissance humanists,15th-century Greek people,Kallergis family,16th-century printers,15th-century Venetian people,15th-century Italian businesspeople,Scholars from Crete,16th-century Venetian people

paragraph: Zacharias Calliergi

paragraph: Zacharias Calliergi (, "Zakharias Kalliergēs") was a Greek Renaissance humanist and scholar. He was born in Crete but emigrated to Rome at a young age. In 1499 by helped to bring out the "Etymologicum Magnum" at Venice and in 1515 he set up a printing press where he published exclusively Greek volumes, among them the first Greek book printed in Rome, Pindar's "Epinikion" ("Victory Odes"). He also instituted the ("Gymnasium Caballini Montis") where lectures were given, by among others, eminent fellow Cretan scholar Marcus Musurus and Janus Lascaris.

paragraph: In 1499, he established in Venice, along with Nicolaos Vlastos, also a Cretan, the first Greek owned printing press. Their publishing production wasn’t restricted only to the Greek public but generally to the humanistic public of their era. Also the financial support by Anna Notaras contributed to the 'imperial decoration' of the publications.

paragraph: The printery was exclusively staffed by Cretans, both in technicians and in individuals who shouldered the literary responsibilities of the publications. The offspring of this Cretan collaboration were four archetypes: the "Etymologicum Magnum", one of the most important Byzantine dictionaries, the "Ypomnema eis tas dekas kategorias tou Aristotelous", the "Ypomnema eis tas pente phonas Porphyriou, tou Ammoniou" and the "Therapeutica" of Galen.

paragraph: The publications are characterized by Byzantine luster, enriched by the expanded use of red-types, and aesthetic titles, and different sized first letters.

paragraph: His edition of the "Etymologicum Magnum" is one of the most important monuments of Byzantine literature. The beauty of this book comes from the tasteful aesthetics of the letters, which characterize the Byzantine, especially the liturgical Byzantine book. The pages are illustrated by xylography, in the top of each chapter.

paragraph: Section::::Known works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Hymns of Pindar"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Etymologicum Magnum", extensive Greek etymological dictionary, 1499

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ypomnema eis tas deka kategorias tou Aristotelous", ("Memorandum to the ten categories of Aristotle"), 1499

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Agapetou diakonou parainetika kephalaia pros Ioustinianon", ("Deacon Agapetos’ exhortative chapters to Justinian"), 1509

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Thoma tou Magistrou, kat’alphabeton Attidos dialektou ekloga, eis oi dokimotatoi orontai ton palaion, kai tines autis parasemeioseis kai diaphorai", 1515

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Editio princeps des Pindar" (Pindar's "Olympia", "Nemea", "Pythia", "Isthmia", with explanation and annotations), 1515

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Theokriton", 1516

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Apophthegmata philosophon, syllechthenta ypo Arseniou Monemvasias" ("Sayings of philosophers, collected by Arsenios of Monemvasia"), 1515

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mega kai pany ophelimon lexicon, oper Garinos o Favorinos Kamirs o Nikairias episkopos ek pollon kai diaphoron biblion kata stoicheion synelexanto", 1523

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Greek scholars in the Renaissance

alias:
Zacharias Kallierges
Zaccaria Calliergi
Zaccaria Callergi

description: Greek Renaissance humanist and scholar

wikidata_label: Zacharias Calliergi

wikipedia_title: Zacharias Calliergi


text:
ragtime
composer
May Aufderheide
Elwood, Indiana

categories: American female composers,1957 deaths,American composers,Songwriters from Indiana,Ragtime composers,1891 births,20th-century women musicians,People from Elwood, Indiana

paragraph: Gladys Yelvington

paragraph: Gladys Yelvington Parsons (November 29, 1891 – February 11, 1957) was a ragtime composer and friend of May Aufderheide. Parsons was born in Elwood, Indiana. She is best known for "Piffle Rag". After she married Leo Parsons, who ran a cigar store, she fell into relative obscurity.

description: American composer

wikidata_label: Gladys Yelvington

wikipedia_title: Gladys Yelvington


text: Dalai Lama

text: Tsang

text: Vajra

text: Narthang Monastery

text: śrāmaṇera

text: bhikṣu

text: Je Tsongkhapa

text: Ganden Monastery

text: Palden Lhamo

text: Lhamo La-tso

text: Gedun Gyatso

text: Tashilhunpo

text: Shigatse

text: Panchen Lama

text: Sakya

text: Khagan

text: 5th Dalai Lama

text: Samding Dorje Phagmo

text: Bodongpa

text: teachings

text: empowerments

text: Abhidharma-kosa

text: Gautama Buddha

text: Tara

text: History of Tibet

text: Tibetan Buddhist Resource Center

categories: 1474 deaths,1391 births,Tibetan writers,Dalai Lamas,Tibetan people,14th-century Tibetan people

paragraph: 1st Dalai Lama

paragraph: Gedun Drupa (; 1391–1474) was considered posthumously to be the 1st Dalai Lama.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Gedun Drupa was born in a cow-shed in Gyurmey Rupa near Sakya in the Tsang region of central Tibet, the son of Gonpo Dorjee and Jomo Namkha Kyi, nomadic tribespeople. He was raised as a shepherd until the age of seven. His birth name (according to the Tibetan Buddhist Resource Center, his personal name) was Péma Dorjee (, "Vajra Lotus"). Later he was placed in Narthang Monastery. In 1405, he took his śrāmaṇera (novitiate) vows from the abbot of Narthang, Khenchen Drupa Sherap.

paragraph: When he was 20 years old, in about 1411, he received the name Gedun Drupa upon taking the vows of a bhikṣu (monk) from the abbot of Narthang Monastery. Also at this age he became a student of the scholar and reformer Je Tsongkhapa (1357–1419), who some say was his uncle. Around this time he also became the first abbot of Ganden Monastery, founded by Tsongkhapa himself in 1409. By the middle of his life, Gedun Drupa had become one of the most esteemed scholar-saints in the country.

paragraph: Tradition states that Palden Lhamo, the female guardian spirit of the sacred lake, Lhamo La-tso, promised the First Dalai Lama in one of his visions "...that she would protect the reincarnation lineage of the Dalai Lamas." Since the time of Gedun Gyatso, who formalized the system, monks have gone to the lake to meditate when seeking visions with guidance on finding the next reincarnation.

paragraph: Gedun Drupa founded the major monastery of Tashilhunpo at Shigatse, which later became the seat of the Panchen Lamas.

paragraph: Gedun Drupa had no political power. It was in the hands of viceroys such as the Sakyas, the prince of Tsang, and the Mongolian Khagan. The political role of the Dalai Lamas only began with the reign of the 5th Dalai Lama.

paragraph: He remained the abbot of Tashilhunpo Monastery until he died while meditating in 1474 at the age of 84 (83 by Western reckoning).

paragraph: The Samding Dorje Phagmo (1422–1455), the highest female incarnation in Tibet, was a contemporary of Gedun Drupa. Her teacher, the Bodongpa Panchen Chogley Namgyal was also one of his teachers; he received many teachings and empowerments from him.

paragraph: Some of the most famous texts Gedun Drupa wrote were:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sunlight on the Path to Freedom", a commentary on Abhidharma-kosa

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Crushing the Forces of Evil to Dust", an epic poem on the life and liberating deeds of Gautama Buddha

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Song of the Eastern Snow Mountain", a poem dedicated to Je Tsongkhapa

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Praise of the Venerable Lady Khadiravani Tara", an homage to Tara

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thubten Samphel and Tendar (2004). "The Dalai Lamas of Tibet". Roli & Janssen, New Delhi. (2004).

paragraph: BULLET::::- McKay, A. (editor) (2003): History of Tibet. Publisher: RoutledgeCurzon.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mullin, Glenn H. (2001). "The Fourteen Dalai Lamas: A Sacred Legacy of Reincarnation", pp. 50–85. Clear Light Publishers. Santa Fe, New Mexico. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Selected Works of the Dalai Lama I" by Anne Kandt, Christine Cox, Dalai Lama Dge-Dun-Grub I, Glenn H. Mullin, Sidney Piburn (1985)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tibetan Buddhist Resource Center

alias:
Gendun Drub
Kundun Drup
1st Dalai Lama

description: Dalai Lama of Tibet

wikidata_label: Gendun Drup

wikipedia_title: 1st Dalai Lama


text:
Dalai Lama
Lhasa
Gendun Gyatso
Drepung Monastery
Panchen Sonam Dragpa
Ganden Tripa
Gelugpa
Sera Monastery
Gelug
Nyingmapa
tantric
Kagyupa
Gelugpa
Mongolia
Altan Khan
Genghis Khan
Kublai Khan
Tsongkhapa
Altan Khan
Mongolia
Tibetan Buddhism
Dharma
Amdo
Kokonor
Thegchen Chonkhor
Phagpa
Tibet
Great Fifth Dalai Lama
Abtai Sain Khan
Sengge Düüreng
Kumbum
Je Tsongkhapa
Lithang
Phende Lekshe Ling
Namgyal
Yonten Gyatso
Dalai Lama
tbrc.org: bsod nams rgya mtsho

paragraph: 3rd Dalai Lama

paragraph: Sonam Gyatso (; 1543–1588) was the first to be named Dalai Lama, although the title was retrospectively given to his two predecessors.

paragraph: He was born near Lhasa in 1543 and was recognised as the reincarnation of Gendun Gyatso and subsequently enthroned at Drepung Monastery by Panchen Sonam Dragpa, who became his tutor. Panchen Sonam Dragpa was the 15th Ganden Tripa and his texts still serve as the core curriculum for many Gelugpa monasteries. The third Dalai Lama studied at Drepung Monastery and became its abbot. His reputation spread quickly and the monks at Sera Monastery also recognised him as their abbot.

paragraph: According to Sumpa Khenpo, the great Gelug scholar, he also studied some Nyingmapa tantric doctrines.

paragraph: When one of Tibet's kings, who had been supported by the Kagyupa, died in 1564, Sonam Gyatso presided over his funeral. His political power, and that of the Gelugpas, became dominant in Tibet by the 1570s.

paragraph: Section::::Origin of the title "Dalai Lama".

paragraph: The title "Dalai Lama" was first bestowed by the Mongolian ruler Altan Khan upon Sonam Gyatsho in 1578, a title derived from the Mongolian "Dalai-yin qan" (or Dalaiin khan) one.

paragraph: Since the time of Genghis Khan, only people who were of his royal lineage were allowed to rule Mongolia. This frustrated many would-be rulers who were not of this line. Altan Khan was the most destructive of these usurpers. He perceived that through the Buddhist faith he could gain legitimacy by claiming to be a reincarnation of Kublai Khan.

paragraph: Altan Khan chose the Gelug order of Tibetan Buddhism (founded by Tsongkhapa, 1357–1419). In 1577 he invited the leader of this order, Sonam Gyatsho, to come to Mongolia and teach his people.

paragraph: Sonam Gyatsho proclaimed Altan Khan to be the reincarnation of Kublai Khan, and in return, Altan Khan gave the title Dalai Lama to Sonam Gyatsho. Altan Khan posthumously awarded the title to his two predecessors, making Sonam Gyatsho the 3rd Dalai Lama.

paragraph: Section::::Altan Khan and the conversion of Mongolia.

paragraph: He was anti-shaminist.

paragraph: Sonam Gyatso, a monk of the Gelugpa (Yellow Hat) school of Buddhism, was responsible for finding a foreign patron for Gelugpa institutions. He found this patron in the Altan Khan.

paragraph: Altan Khan first invited the 3rd Dalai Lama to Mongolia in 1569, but apparently the Dalai Lama refused to go and sent a disciple again, who reported back to the Dalai Lama about the great opportunity to spread Buddhist teachings throughout Mongolia. In 1573 Altan Khan took some Tibetan Buddhist monks prisoner.

paragraph: Altan Khan invited the 3rd Dalai Lama to Mongolia again in 1571 and embraced Tibetan Buddhism. After some hesitation, with followers begging him not to go, Sonam Gyatso's party set out and was met at Ahrik Karpatang in Mongolia where a specially prepared camp had been set up to receive them. Thousands of animals were given to him as offerings and five hundred horsemen had been sent to escort him to Altan Khan's court. When they arrived there, they were greeted by over ten thousand people including Altan Khan dressed in a white robe to symbolize his devotion to the Dharma.

paragraph: Some sources say this first meeting between Sonam Gyatso and Altan Khan took place in Amdo or near (lake) Kokonor, rather than in Mongolia itself. This inconsistency may be due to some confusion in the texts or the existence of alternative accounts of this important meeting in the Tibetan literature. Besides, while Altan Khan bestowed the title "Dalai" on Sonam Gyatso, some claim that the latter gave the title of "Brahma", the king of religion, to Altan Khan.

paragraph: Altan Khan had Thegchen Chonkhor, Mongolia's first monastery, built, and a massive program of translating Tibetan texts into Mongolian was commenced. Within 50 years most Mongols had become Buddhist, with tens of thousands of monks, who were members of the Gelug order, loyal to the Dalai Lama.

paragraph: Sonam Gyatso's message was that the time had come for Mongolia to embrace Buddhism, that from that time on there should be no more animal sacrifices, the images of the old gods were to be destroyed, there must be no taking of life, animal or human, military action must be given up and the immolation of women on the funeral pyres of their husbands must be abolished. He also secured an edict abolishing the Mongol custom of blood-sacrifices. "These and many other such laws were set forth by Gyalwa Sonam Gyatso and were instituted by Altan Khan."

paragraph: The Third Dalai Lama publicly announced that he was a reincarnation of Phagpa, while Altan Khan was a reincarnation of Kublai Khan and they had come together again to cooperate in propagating the Buddhist religion.

paragraph: The alliance with the Mongols would later prove instrumental in establishing the Gelug order as the rulers of Tibet during the reign of the Great Fifth Dalai Lama.

paragraph: Altan Khan died in 1582, only four years after meeting with the Third Dalai Lama. According to legend, Abtai Sain Khan was given a Buddha relic by the third Dalai Lama to help the spread of Buddhism.

paragraph: Altan Khan was succeeded by his son Sengge Düüreng who continued to diligently support Buddhism, and two years later the 3rd Dalai Lama made another visit to Mongolia. On his way, he founded the monastery of Kumbum at the birthplace of the great teacher and reformer, Je Tsongkhapa.

paragraph: Gyalwa Sonam Gyatso had also founded Lithang monastery in Eastern Tibet, as well as the small monastery Phende Lekshe Ling in either 1564 or 1565, which became known as Namgyal in 1571, the personal monastery of all the subsequent Dalai Lamas. By 1585 he was back in Mongolia and converted more Mongol princes and their tribes.

paragraph: The Dalai Lama was again invited to visit the Ming emperor, and this time he accepted but fell ill and died (in 1588, age 45) in Mongolia while returning to Tibet.

paragraph: Altan Khan's great-grandson, Yonten Gyatso, was selected as the 4th Dalai Lama.

paragraph: ""To others give the victory and the spoils; The loss and defeat, take upon oneself"" — Sonam Gyatso.

paragraph: Section::::Footnotes.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Essence of Refined Gold by the Third Dalai Lama: with related texts by the Second and Seventh Dalai Lamas". (1978) Translated by Glenn H. Mullin. Tushita Books, Dharamsala, H.P., India.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mullin, Glenn H. (2001). "The Fourteen Dalai Lamas: A Sacred Legacy of Reincarnation", pp. 129–163. Clear Light Publishers. Santa Fe, New Mexico. .

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- tbrc.org: bsod nams rgya mtsho

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sönam Gyatso: 16th or 17th century gilt copper portrait sculpture in the Oriental Collections of the State Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg, Russia: https://web.archive.org/web/20130105184636/http://www.hermitagemuseum.org/html_En/03/hm3_5_7a.html

description: 3rd Dalai Lama

wikidata_label: Sonam Gyatso

wikipedia_title: 3rd Dalai Lama


text: Armenian

text: Safavids

text: Syunik

text: Kapan

text: Ottoman Turkish

text: Tahmasp II

text: Turkish

text: Syunik

text: vali

text: Vakhtang VI

text: meliks

text: shah

text: Peter the Great

text: Russo-Persian War of 1722-1723

text: Russian

text: Kapan

text: Artsakh

text: Halidzor

text: Tahmasp II

text: Avan Yuzbashi

text: Shusha

text: Mkhitar Sparapet

text: World War II

text: Hamo Beknazarian

text: Hrachia Nersisyan

text: Mosfilm

text: Edisher Magalashvili

text: David Beg

text: Armen Tigranian

text: Battle of Halidzor

categories: 1728 deaths,Year of birth unknown,Armenian nobility,17th-century people of the Safavid Empire,Persian Armenians,Armenian nationalists,Armenian revolutionaries

paragraph: Davit Bek

paragraph: Davit Bek or David Beg (; died 1728) was an Armenian military commander and one of the most prominent military figures of the Armenian liberation movement of the 18th century.

paragraph: After the fall of the Safavids in 1722, Davit Bek established himself as leader of the defenses of the local Armenians of Syunik and Kapan during the Ottoman Turkish invasion and the attacks of the local Muslim tribes. Davit was successful in preventing the various Muslim tribes from making proper territorial gains. In 1727, in order to put a halt to the Ottoman approach in the area, king Tahmasp II appointed Davit as the governor of the area, and gave him the right to administer the area as a vassal Armenian principality under Iranian control.

paragraph: In 1726-28, the local Armenians under the leadership of Davit Bek went to war with Turkish armies at Halidsor and had showed great military competence and valor by defeating them easily.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Little is known about Davits early life. He was of noble lineage, stemming from princes of Chavndour (district of Kovsakan in southeastern Syunik), and had served the "vali" (i.e. viceroy)/king of Kartli, Vakhtang VI (Hosaynqoli Khan).

paragraph: The Armenian "meliks", local feudal words, had long been recognized as governors of the area by the Iranian shahs. In 1722 however, the Safavid state collapsed. Numerous Muslim tribes in the area were now competing for influence in the area. Peter the Great's steady advance south towards the Caucasus during the Russo-Persian War of 1722-1723 with a massive 30,000 man army had revived hope among the Armenians and Georgians that Russian arms could help clear the region from Muslim dominion. Muslim misrule in the regions of Kapan and Artsakh (Karabakh) eventually provoked the Armenian "meliks" in 1722 to request military aid from Vakhtang.

paragraph: Vakhtang agreed to aid the "meliks"; he sent Davit Bek, reportedly one of his most capable officers, together with some 2,000 Armenian soldiers. Davit made the fort of Halidzor his base of operations. With the support of the local peasants and the "meliks", Davit managed to defend the Armenian-inhabited areas from the Muslim tribes. Even though initially Davit's main enemy were the Iranians, he soon came to the conclusion that it was the Ottoman Turks who posed a much greater danger. In 1727, in order to put a halt to the Ottoman approach in the area, king Tahmasp II appointed Davit as the governor of the area, and gave him the right to administer the area as a vassal Armenian principality under Iranian control.

paragraph: Encouraged by his successes, many Armenians raised the banner of revolt against the Muslims and joined Davit's ranks. The "meliks" of Karabakh soon joined the cause for national liberation, lending Davit Bek men and "materiel"; Avan Yuzbashi, a military commander from Shusha who was to become one of Davit Bek's close supporters, contributed 2,000 men to the war effort.

paragraph: After Davit Bek's death in 1728, command of the area passed to Mkhitar Sparapet.

paragraph: Section::::Popular culture.

paragraph: In 1944, at the height of World War II, "David Bek" the movie was filmed by director Hamo Beknazarian with Hrachia Nersisyan starring as Davit Bek. In 1978 Armenfilm in association with Mosfilm produced another movie about the efforts of Davit Bek and Mkhitar Sparapet called "Star of Hope". Davit Bek was portrayed by Georgian actor Edisher Magalashvili.

paragraph: Bek was the subject of an opera, "David Beg", composed by Armen Tigranian.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Battle of Halidzor

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Armenian Rebellion of the 1720s and the Threat of Genocidal Reprisal", Armen Ayvazyan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harutyunyan, P. T. "The liberation movement of Armenian people in the first quarter of the XVIIIth century". Moscow, 1954.

description: Armenian nobleman and revolutionary

wikidata_label: David Bek

wikipedia_title: Davit Bek


text: bibliographer

text: cartographer

text: Philadelphia

text: Yale University

text: Yale Law School

text: Kansas City

text: Denver

text: metallurgy

text: Guggenheim family

text: José Toribio Medina

text: Yale University Library

text: California Historical Society

text: Huntington Library

text: conquistador

text: Hernán Cortés

text: Berkeley, California

text: San Marino, California

text: Philadelphia

text: Friends High School

text: Pennsylvania Dutch

text: Yale University

text: Yale Law School

text: Panic of 1893

text: Kansas City, Missouri

text: Denver

text: Comstock Lode

text: Rossiter W. Raymond

text: Virginia City, Nevada

text: Edward P. Allis Company

text: Durango

text: Zacatecas

text: New Spain

text: Seattle

text: Klondike Gold Rush

text: Guggenheim family

text: Daniel Guggenheim

text: American Smelting and Refining Company

text: bibliography

text: Yale University Library

text: El Paso, Texas

text: Mexican Revolution

text: Pancho Villa

text: Santiago

text: José Toribio Medina

text: George P. Hammond

text: Great Plains

text: Rocky Mountains

text: Charles Lewis Camp

text: California Historical Society

text: 1906 San Francisco earthquake

text: Huntington Library

text: cartography

text: Thomas W. Streeter

text: Francis Drake

text: Drake's Plate of Brass

text: Herbert Eugene Bolton

text: University of California Press

text: Joaquín García Icazbalceta

text: Cortés Society

text: conquistador

text: Francisco Hernández de Córdoba

text: Juan de Grijalva

text: Hernán Cortés

text: campaigns against the Aztec Empire

text: Oakland

text: Berkeley, California

text: San Marino, California

text: Zamorano Club

text: Western Americana

text: Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library

text: Bancroft

text: fellowship

text: Royal Geographical Society

text: Pomona College

text: University of California

text: Bibliographical Society of America

text: American Antiquarian Society

text: Grolier Club

text: Book Club of California

text: Carl Irving Wheat

text: Dale Morgan

text: George R. Stewart

categories: American book and manuscript collectors,Yale University alumni,1957 deaths,Yale Law School alumni,American historians,1862 births,American bibliographers,Historians of the American West,American cartographers

paragraph: Henry Raup Wagner

paragraph: Henry Raup Wagner (September 27, 1862 – March 27, 1957) was an American book collector, bibliographer, cartographer, historian, and business executive. He was the author of over 170 publications, including books and scholarly essays, mainly about the histories of the American frontier and the Spanish exploration and colonization of Mexico. He also assembled tens of thousands of books and manuscripts and formed several collections from them.

paragraph: Wagner was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on September 27, 1862. He graduated from Yale University in 1884 and then from Yale Law School in 1886. He went west and began settling in places like Kansas City and then Denver, where he became involved in the mining business. One of his first employers was the Globe Smelting and Refining Company. In 1892 they assigned him to Mexico where he began collecting books on metallurgy and became interested in the history of the region. From 1898, he began working for the Guggenheim family, who transferred him to Chile and then to New York. In 1903, he became the manager of their London office where he collected many more books on different subjects, including South American history and economics. The latter became the subject of his first bibliography, "Irish Economics: 1700–1783". From 1906 to 1915, he managed the Guggenheims' affairs in Mexico, and was then transferred to Chile where he studied in writer José Toribio Medina's residence. By then Wagner was transitioning from book collecting to research and writing, and sold his large Mexican collection to the Yale University Library.

paragraph: He published "The Plains and the Rockies" in 1920 and quit his job the following year. Wagner helped revive the California Historical Society in 1922 and sold his last major book collection that year to the Huntington Library. "The Spanish Southwest, 1542–1794" was published in 1924, and "Sir Francis Drake's Voyage Around the World, Its Aims and Achievements" in 1926. He became interested in cartography around that time and worked for several years on that subject. "The Cartography of the Northwest Coast of America to the Year 1800" was published in 1937. Later, between 1942 and 1944, Wagner wrote a series of books on 16th century Spanish "conquistadors", notably Hernán Cortés who was the subject of "The Rise of Fernando Cortés".

paragraph: Wagner married Blanche Henriette Collet in 1917. They initially settled in Berkeley, California, but after 1928 they lived in San Marino, California. He died on March 27, 1957, aged 94. The California Historical Society established the Henry R. Wagner Memorial Award in 1959.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and book collecting.

paragraph: Wagner was born on September 27, 1862, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and attended Friends High School there. His father, Jacob Frederick Wagner, was a businessman of Pennsylvania Dutch ancestry; his mother, Eliza Kemp, was of English ancestry. He graduated from Yale University in 1884 and from Yale Law School in 1886. His father supported him financially, throughout his studies and afterwards, until the family lost its fortune in the Panic of 1893. Upon graduating, Wagner traveled west over the years that followed to places like Missouri, Colorado and New Mexico. His first major stop was Kansas City, Missouri, where he became interested in the ore mining business and the history of the American frontier. He later went to Denver to study the subject further. He collected mining statistics on the Comstock Lode for mining engineer Rossiter W. Raymond, a task that required him to travel to Virginia City, Nevada, and later to New York. Wagner then worked for the Denver-based Globe Smelting and Refining Company.

paragraph: He traveled twice to Mexico between 1892 and 1893 while working for Globe. His first major book collection began during his first Mexican trip with a few works on metallurgy. He then worked there from 1894 for the equipment manufacturer Edward P. Allis Company. He managed one of its offices in Mexico while moving from place to place in the western United States from 1895 to 1898. During his stays in Durango and Zacatecas, Mexico, Wagner became interested in the history of the earlier forms of precious metal ore extraction in New Spain and began collecting books on the subject. His collection later included works on the general contributions of Spain to the New World. Among Wagner's stops on the west coast during his Mexican assignment were Seattle, at the beginning of the Klondike Gold Rush, and British Columbia. From 1898, he began working as an ore buyer for the Guggenheim family, representing their interests in Chile for four years and in New York after that. In 1902, Daniel Guggenheim appointed him manager of the London office of the American Smelting and Refining Company (ASARCO), then under partial Guggenheim control. Wagner moved to the British capital in 1903 with his mother, who often traveled with him, and stayed with her in a house which she had helped secure. There, he collected many more books as a result of his frequent visits to book shops and auction halls. His London collections included works on the histories of Chile and Peru, mining, metallurgy, and economics. Economics attracted his attention at the time and contributed to his first bibliography, "Irish Economics: 1700–1783, a Bibliography with Notes", which he privately printed in 1907. He had gathered up to 6,000 volumes about economics by the time he left England. He later gave this collection of works on Irish economics to the Yale University Library.

paragraph: Wagner left London in 1906. ASARCO transferred him to Mexico and ran the company's affairs in that country from its regional office El Paso, Texas. He traveled frequently to central Mexico during the first few years and collected many more books on the history and literature of Mexico, and on South America. He relocated to Mexico City in 1910, a year that also marked the beginning of the Mexican Revolution. He witnessed some of the events that unfolded during that period and got to know many revolutionary leaders, including Pancho Villa. In 1915, Wagner moved to the Chilean capital, Santiago, as part of a two-year contract with the Guggenheims to run their affairs there. That year he also sold Yale's library his extensive Mexican collection for $20,000. The part of it relating to South America alone had up to 7,000 volumes, mainly on Chile.

paragraph: Section::::Shift to literary career.

paragraph: Wagner continued to collect books during his stay in Chile. He spent considerable time in the residence of Chilean bibliographer José Toribio Medina, time described by George P. Hammond in his obituary on Wagner as "some of his most pleasant hours". In 1918 he decided to devote most of his attention to writing on the subject of exploration in the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains. His research later materialized in one of his notable works, "The Plains and the Rockies". First published in 1920, it quickly had an impact on the pricing and quality of books on that topic. As he became more interested in history, Wagner considered detaching himself entirely from the Guggenheims' business world. He eventually quit his job in 1921 to dedicate most his time to historical research. According to Charles Lewis Camp, in 1922 Wagner played an important role in the revival of the California Historical Society, which had been defunct since the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. He also founded its principal publication, the "California Historical Society Quarterly". This gradual shift from one preoccupation to another coincided with a transition from book collecting to full-time research and writing. Yale's library bought his Texas and mid-west collections of over 2,000 works in 1919. In 1922 he sold the Huntington Library his last major collections on California. It had formed the basis of his "California Imprints August 1846 June 1851" published that same year. He continued the practice of buying and selling old works, however, though to a lesser extent. Wagner then went on to complete "The Spanish Southwest, 1542–1794, an Annotated Bibliography", inspired by his studies and findings in Medina's residence in Chile, which was published in 1924.

paragraph: Around the same time he became interested in cartography and wrote an essay for the "Quarterly" on that subject in 1924. He also finished working on "Sir Francis Drake's Voyage Around the World, Its Aims and Achievements", a book published in 1926 which he referred to as his "first love", according to Thomas W. Streeter. It was one of the most extensive collections of material on Francis Drake's circumnavigation of the world in the 16th century. In it Wagner tried to debunk some of the common contemporary misconceptions about the nature of Drake's expedition. He later became skeptical of Drake's Plate of Brass, a hoax that appeared in the 1930s. He took up the matter in person with historian Herbert Eugene Bolton, who had authenticated the plate and was at the center of the controversy surrounding it. Wagner then resumed his cartographic work. From 1927 onward, he wrote a series of seven essays for the "Quarterly" that consist mainly of translations of Spanish exploration logs about the western coasts of North America. These make up his "Spanish Voyages to the Northwest Coast of America in the Sixteenth Century", published by the same journal in 1929. His studies on that topic eventually culminated with "The Cartography of the Northwest Coast of America to the Year 1800" published by the University of California Press in 1937. It contained a lot of new information with hundreds of maps and is based largely on original sources. Later, returning to the subject of western printing and its history, he finished "Mexican Imprints, 1544–1600" in 1939. That year he also printed the Spanish edition of his 1935 English language supplement to Joaquín García Icazbalceta's 1886 book, "Bibliografia Mexicana del Siglo XIV". Wagner was an admirer of the "Bibliografia" and was contacted by a relative of Icazbalceta's who offered to help him with the translation. In 1942, the Cortés Society published Wagner's first two volumes in a series on Spanish "conquistadors" in the New World. The books covered Francisco Hernández de Córdoba and Juan de Grijalva respectively. In 1944 the Society published "The Rise of Fernando Cortés", a detailed examination of the life of Hernán Cortés and his campaigns against the Aztec Empire. His "Supplement" to Icazbalceta's bibliography was eventually published in Mexico, in 1946, under the title "Nueva Bibliografía Mexicana del Siglo XVI Suplemento a las Bibliografías de Don Joaquin García Icazbalceta, Don José Toribio Medina y Don Nicolás León". "Peter Pond, Yankee Fur Trader and Explorer", published in 1955, was one of Wagner's last books printed before his death. According to his associate Ruth Frey Axe, he thought highly of, and worked "unceasingly for twenty years" on "The Life and Writings of Bartolomé de las Casas". It was published posthumously in 1967.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life and death.

paragraph: Upon returning from Chile, Wagner married Blanche Henriette Collet, a French painter, at a ceremony in Oakland on July 17, 1917, after which they settled in a house they had purchased in Berkeley, California. The couple stayed temporarily in New York from 1919 when Wagner was still working for the Guggenheims. They returned shortly afterwards to Berkeley where they lived until 1928, after which they moved to San Marino, California. Wagner gradually lost his eyesight during his final years but continued his research nonetheless with the assistance of Axe.

paragraph: He died on March 27, 1957, in San Marino aged 94. His wife, Collet, died a few weeks later on May 16.

paragraph: Section::::Achievements and legacy.

paragraph: Wagner is credited with 177 publications, as of Axe's 1968 update to the list of his published works. These include books and articles, most of which are compiled in three bibliographies of his work published during his lifetime. Two of these, published in 1934 and 1955, are both titled "The Published Writings of Henry R. Wagner". The latter was published by the Zamorano Club and lists 167 titles. Another bibliography came in the form of a "Check List" at the end of his 1942 autobiography, "Bullion to Books". In addition to those published pieces, many unpublished bibliographical and cartographic documents went to the Yale University Library over a fifty-year period. These included notes and correspondences with scholars, book collectors and learning institutions. Axe expected more works would be published in the years following her 1968 update.

paragraph: In "Sixty Years of Book Collecting", his autobiography published by the Zamorano Club in 1952, Wagner states that he owned up to 100,000 books and documents at various points in his life. These included about 600 works on metallurgy, about 10,000 on economics, and between 12- 13,000 works on the histories of Mexico and Texas, among others in his earlier collections.

paragraph: In 1971, Archibald Hanna Jr., curator of the "Western Americana" section at the Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library of Yale, wrote the following about Wagner's book collecting: "If Bancroft was in a sense the grandfather of western Americana collecting, the father was undoubtedly Henry Raup Wagner."

paragraph: Wagner was granted fellowship by the Royal Geographical Society and received honorary degrees at Pomona College in 1935, Yale University in 1946, and the University of California in 1949. He became a member of or helped found different historical societies and bibliophile clubs including: the California Historical Society, the Bibliographical Society of America, the American Antiquarian Society, the Grolier Club, the Book Club of California and the Zamorano Club, among others. Wagner also presided over the Historical Society of Southern California in 1933–34.

paragraph: The California Historical Society established the Henry R. Wagner Memorial Award, its highest accolade, in 1959. It consists of a gold medal with Wagner's profile and is presented annually by a Wagner Awards Committee to individuals who have accomplished works relating to history, cartography and bibliography within the two years preceding the handing over ceremony. Its first recipient was Carl Irving Wheat, and then over the years to individuals like Dale Morgan in 1961, and George R. Stewart (tied) in 1972, among others. On the one hundredth anniversary of Wagner's birth in 1962, Thomas Streeter received the award for his "Bibliography of Texas 1795–1845", which he had dedicated to Wagner, referring to him as "The Old Master".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guide to the Henry Raup Wagner Collection - Online Archive of California

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guide to the Henry Raup Wagner Papers, 1912-1957 - Online Archive of California

wikidata_label: Henry R. Wagner

wikipedia_title: Henry Raup Wagner


text: Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union

text: Komsomol

text: Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic

text: Communist Party

text: Leonid Brezhnev

text: Rehabilitated

text: Order of Lenin

text: Order of the Red Banner of Labour

text: Kokand

text: Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic

text: Tashkent Railway

text: Katta-Kurgan Reservoir

text: Angrenugol Mine

text: Komsomol

text: Sharof Rashidov

text: Tashkent

text: Ferghana

text: Samarkand

text: Presidium

text: Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek SSR

text: Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union

text: Chair

text: Soviet of Nationalities

text: Nikolai Podgorny

text: Order of Lenin

text: Order of the Red Banner of Labour

text: Order of the Badge of Honour

text: Leonid Brezhnev

text: General Secretary

text: Central Committee

text: Izvestia

text: rehabilitated

text: Kuntsevo Cemetery

categories: Uzbek politicians,Soviet women in politics,Recipients of the Order of Lenin,2006 deaths,1920 births,Communist Party of Uzbekistan politicians,Soviet politicians,Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner,20th-century women engineers,Soviet engineers

image: 512px-Могила_советского_политического_деятеля_Ядгар_Насриддиновой.JPG

paragraph: Yodgor Nasriddinova

paragraph: Yodgor Nasriddinova ( 26 December 1920 – 7 April 2006) was an Uzbek-Soviet engineer, communist party operative and high ranking member of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. After serving in a variety of posts in the Komsomol, she rose through the ranks of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic and became a deputy in the Supreme Soviet from 1958 to 1974. Between 1959 and 1970, she was the Deputy Chair of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and subsequently the chair of the Council of Nationalities of the Supreme Soviet until 1974. She was purged from the Communist Party in 1988 after the death of Leonid Brezhnev (1906–1982) and during the corruption investigations in the . Rehabilitated and restored to party membership in 1991, when the allegations of bribery against her could not be substantiated. Nasriddinova was awarded the Order of Lenin four times over the course of her career, as well as twice receiving the Order of the Red Banner of Labour.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Yodgor Sadykovna Nasriddinova was born on 26 December 1920 in Kokand, of the Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Her father, who was a loader, died three months before her birth and her 13-year-old mother named her "Yodgor", a name common in Muslim countries given to male or female orphans. She and her mother were forced to move by Nasriddinova's grandfather, who took them to another village 50 kilometers away from their home. Nasriddinova's mother remarried, but her new step-father wanted nothing to do with the child. Four years after her birth the Turkestan Autonomous SSR was divided, with the area of her birth being within the newly created Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic. At the age of six, her stepfather took Nasriddinova to the side of the road and abandoned her. She was taken in by sympathetic passersby and passed from family to family until she was 11. In 1931, when the first orphanage was built in Uzbekistan, she was placed in its care and sent to study in a vocational school. She furthered her education, graduating from the Tashkent Institute of Railway Transport Engineers in 1941.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: From October 1941, Nasriddinova was employed as an engineer on the Tashkent Railway, simultaneously continuing her graduate studies at the Tashkent Institute. She worked as a foreman on the Katta-Kurgan Reservoir project and the following year she headed the crew which built the rail line between Tashkent and the Angrenugol Mine. Joining the communist party in 1942, she became the Secretary of the Central Committee of the Komsomol for Uzbek schools. Around this time, she became the second wife of (Sirodzh Nurutdinov), a war veteran and secretary of the regional party committee, who would later serve as chairman of the trade unions of Uzbekistan. Nuritdinov, was a political rival of Sharof Rashidov, based largely on an alliance over leadership positions between Uzbek elites from Tashkent and Ferghana, which emerged when the capital of Uzbekistan was moved in 1930 from Samarkand, the regional center of Rashidov's heritage. In 1946, she was appointed as the First Secretary of the Komsomol for the Tashkent Regional Committee of Uzbekistan. Graduating in 1947, she continued to rise in the Komsomol and district party holding various posts. In 1952, she headed the Ministry of Industry of Uzbekistan. Three years later, she was selected as deputy chair of the Council of Ministers of the Uzbek SSR and then in 1959 became Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Uzbek SSR, succeeding Sharof Rashidov.

paragraph: Simultaneously, in 1959, she was elected as the Deputy chair of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. Tensions between Rashidov and Nasriddinova had continued and after the ethnic riots of 1969, Rashidov saw a way to banish his rival by blaming her supporters for fomenting violence and security lapses. In turn, her faction blamed Rashidov, but it was Nasriddinova, who would soon leave Uzbekistan. Moving to Moscow in 1970, she became the Chair of the Soviet of Nationalities of the USSR. After Nasriddinova left Uzbekistan, Rashidov was able to widen his networks through the use of patronage, to co-opt rivals into loyal backers. He consolidated his power, by posting family and friends to high government positions and distributing resources. At the end of her term in 1974, Nikolai Podgorny, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, asked her if she wanted to retain the post. When she agreed to serve, he nominated her for consideration to the Politburo of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, but Rashidov, who was her political rival and at that time First Secretary of the Uzbek Communist Party, blocked the nomination, claiming that he had evidence she was involved in corruption. The central committee did not investigate at that time, but her appointment as the Deputy Minister for the USSR Building Materials Industry in 1974 and as the Chair of the Committee for Asian and African Affairs were clear signs of her decline in the favor of the party. In 1979, Nasriddinova retired, but did not return to Uzbekistan, as both of her children were living in Moscow and her husband had died in 1966. Over the course of her career, she had been awarded the Order of Lenin four times, the Order of the Red Banner of Labour twice, the Order of the Badge of Honour, among others.

paragraph: In 1982 Brezhnev died and Rashidov died the following year, opening the door to new investigation of the corruption which had occurred during their leadership. In 1983, and began investigating what would become known as the . They discovered records indicating that had been convinced of Nasriddinova's involvement and that intervention by Leonid Brezhnev, General Secretary of the Central Committee had stopped her arrest in 1975. Nasriddinova first learned of the investigation when the newspaper "Izvestia" published an article in 1987. In the article, she was accused of having taken a bribe of ₽100,000 and routing gold to Swiss banks, while she was the Chair of the Uzbek Presidium. Investigative journalist, Arkady Sakhnin, alleged that Nasriddinova also paid for her son’s lavish wedding with state funds, which prompted a scolding from Brezhnev, but no further action against her. In 1988, the accusations Rashidov had made in 1977 resurfaced with formal charges and she was stripped of her party membership and pension. In December 1990, they were dropped citing insufficient evidence against Nasriddinova. In 1991, she was rehabilitated, restored to party membership, and paid the pension for the 2 1/2 years it had been suspended. Nasriddinova insisted she had never been involved, that witnesses had fabricated testimony against her, and demanded that "Izvestia" print her answer denying all the allegations in their article.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Nasriddinova died in Moscow on 7 April 2006 and was buried in the Kuntsevo Cemetery.

url: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Могила_советского_политического_деятеля_Ядгар_Насриддиновой.JPG

alias: Jadgar Nasriddinova, Yadgar Nasretdinova, Yadgar Sadikovna Nasriddinova, Yadgar Sadykovna Nasriddinova

description: Uzbekistani politician (1920-2006)

wikidata_label: Yodgor Nasriddinova

wikipedia_title: Yodgor Nasriddinova


text:
World Cup
alpine ski racer
U.S. Ski Team
slalom
downhill
Provo
Utah
Sundance
Park City
Tarvisio
Flachau
2006 season
Winter Olympics
2006
Birds of Prey
Beaver Creek
Colorado
Val Gardena
NASTAR
2014
ACL
2018
Garmisch
Jeongseon
DH
Fischer
Steven Nyman
U.S. Ski Team
Fischer Skis

categories: Olympic alpine skiers of the United States,Alpine skiers at the 2010 Winter Olympics,Alpine skiers at the 2006 Winter Olympics,American male alpine skiers,Sportspeople from Provo, Utah,American Latter Day Saints,Living people,1982 births

paragraph: Steven Nyman

paragraph: Steven Nyman (born February 12, 1982) is a World Cup alpine ski racer on the U.S. Ski Team. Formerly a slalom skier, he is now a speed specialist, with a main focus on downhill.

paragraph: Born in Provo, Utah, Nyman raced at Sundance as a junior until making a move to Park City in 1999. He was a discretionary pick for the 2002 World Junior Championships in Tarvisio, Italy, where he won the slalom and finished second in the combined. His slalom gold qualified him to compete in the World Cup Finals in Flachau, Austria, and finished a surprising 15th in his World Cup debut. He did not compete regularly on the World Cup until the 2006 season, during which he notched a pair of top-ten finishes and competed in his first Winter Olympics, finishing 19th in downhill, 29th in combined, and 43rd in super G.

paragraph: Nyman made his first World Cup podium in December 2006, placing third in a downhill at the "Birds of Prey" course at Beaver Creek, Colorado. Fifteen days later, he won his first World Cup race, a downhill in Val Gardena, Italy.

paragraph: As the fastest racer at the 2010–2011 NASTAR National Championships, Nyman was the NASTAR National Pacesetter and represented the National Standard or Par Time for the 2010–2011 season.

paragraph: Nyman won his third World Cup downhill in December 2014, all at Val Gardena. He injured his right knee (ACL) in late January 2018 at Garmisch and missed the rest of the season, including the he had finished third at the pre-Olympic downhill at Jeongseon two years earlier.

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.:Podiums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 3 wins – (3 DH)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 11 podiums – (11 DH)

paragraph: Section::::Sponsors.

paragraph: Nyman's sponsors are Fischer (skis, boots, bindings) POC (helmets, goggles), Spyder, VISA, Powerbar, Ski Salt Lake and Swix. In 2006 Nyman sold his helmet sponsor over eBay. The winning bidder was Ski Salt Lake.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Steven Nyman World Cup standings at the International Ski Federation

paragraph: BULLET::::- U.S. Ski Team – Steven Nyman

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fischer Skis – athletes – Steven Nyman

description: American alpine skier

wikidata_label: Steven Nyman

wikipedia_title: Steven Nyman


text:
The New Dada
Italian beat music
Krisma
The Beatles
Disco per l'Estate
musicarello
Carlo Dapporto
Carlo delle Piane
Isabella Biagini
Ric e Gian
Loredana Bertè
videos
Peter and the Wolf
Polydor
Brian Eno
Phil Collins
Alvin Lee
Manfred Mann
Christina Moser
Lady Jane
Peter and the Wolf
Jack Lancaster
Robin Lumley
Maurizio pages on Chinese Restaurant
Raro! Vintage Records Magazine
Vintage Records Specialists
Maurizio's records on mayancaper.net
Maurizio's videos on mayancaper.net
Maurizio on KrismaTv.net

categories: 1942 births,2015 deaths,20th-century Italian singers,Italian pop singers,Italian male singers,Singers from Milan

paragraph: Maurizio Arcieri

paragraph: Maurizio Arcieri (30 April 1942 – 29 January 2015) formerly leader of The New Dada, a 1960s Italian beat music band, and a member of Krisma, was a successful singer in the 1970s.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In the spring of 1967 The New Dada supported The Beatles in their Milan concert. The group eventually split. Some members of The New Dada follow Maurizio as supporting group.

paragraph: "Ballerina" and "Il comizio" were released.

paragraph: Maurizio participated at the "Disco per l'Estate" Festival with "Cinque Minuti e poi..."; the song is one of the greatest hits of the year and the leit-motiv of "Quelli belli siamo noi" ("We Are the Beautiful Ones"), a "musicarello" (musical comedy movie) in which Maurizio acts and sings some of his hits. The movie features - among others - Carlo Dapporto, Carlo delle Piane, Isabella Biagini, Ric e Gian and a young Loredana Bertè. Maurizio was invited as a guest in the most important TV shows of the time. Some videos of those appearances are now available.

paragraph: The album "Maurizio - 1970" is released.

paragraph: The albums "Maurizio - 1975" (a collection of Maurizio's cool seventies singles), and "Trasparenze" (a progressive experiment) were released.

paragraph: Maurizio was then chosen as the Italian narrator for the pan-European album Peter and the Wolf, a Polydor project that involves Brian Eno, Phil Collins, Alvin Lee, Manfred Mann and many others.

paragraph: Arcieri died on 29 January 2015, in Varese, Italy, aged 72.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: He was married to Christina Moser.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1970) "Maurizio" (Joker/Saar)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1975) "Maurizio" (Polydor)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1975) "Trasparenze" (Polydor)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Singles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1967) "Ballerina" / "Non C'è Bisogno Di Camminare" (Bluebell)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1967) "Lady Jane" / T'Amo Da Morire" (Bluebell)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1967) "Il Comizio (di Maurizio)" / "Il Fiore All'Occhiello" (SAAR/Joker)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1968) "Cinque Minuti e Poi..." / "Un'Ora Basterà" (SAAR/Joker)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1968) "Era Solo Ieri" / "Ricomincio Da Zero (Natural Born Loser)" (SAAR/Joker)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1969) "Elizabeth" / "Sirena" (SAAR/Joker)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1969) "24 Ore Spese Bene Con Amore" / "Cade Qualche Fiocco Di Neve" (Polydor)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1971) "Rose Blu" / "Il Mare Tra Le Mani" (Polydor)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1971) "L'Uomo e La Matita" / "La Gloria e L'Amore" (Polydor)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1972) "Deserto" / "La Decisione" (Polydor)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1972) "I Giochi Del Cuore" / "Un Uomo" (Polydor)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1973) "Scusa" / "Un Giorno Da Re" (Polydor)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1974) "Un Dolce Scandalo" / "Il Grigio Nella Mente" (Polydor)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1974) "Stagioni Fuori Tempo" / "Un Dolce Scandalo" (Polydor)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1975) "Guardami, Toccami, Guariscimi" / "Prima Estate" (Polydor)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Collaborations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1976) "Peter and the Wolf", Italian narrative voice (RSO, production by Jack Lancaster, Robin Lumley and Denis McKay)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maurizio pages on Chinese Restaurant

paragraph: BULLET::::- Raro! Vintage Records Magazine

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vintage Records Specialists

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maurizio's records on mayancaper.net

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maurizio's videos on mayancaper.net

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maurizio on KrismaTv.net

description: Italian singer

wikidata_label: Maurizio Arcieri

wikipedia_title: Maurizio Arcieri


text:
Alphonso of Brienne
Marie de Lusigan
Eu, Seine-Maritime
Count of Eu
Guy III, Count of Saint-Pol
John II of Brienne, Count of Eu
Troyes
Picquigny
vidame
Amiens
Viscount of Thouars
Alfonso de la Cerda
Clermont-en-Beauvaisis

categories: Counts of Eu,1294 deaths,House of Brienne

paragraph: John I of Brienne, Count of Eu

paragraph: John I of Brienne (died 12 June 1294) was the son of Alphonso of Brienne and Marie de Lusigan. His mother was the heiress of Eu, Seine-Maritime, and he succeeded his father as Count of Eu in 1270.

paragraph: He married Beatrice, the daughter of Guy III, Count of Saint-Pol. They had:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. John II of Brienne, Count of Eu

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Isabelle (d. 1302/07), married John II of Dampierre, Viscount of Troyes (d. c.1307)

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Jeanne (d. aft. 12 March 1325), married first Raymond VI, Viscount of Turenne (d. 1304), married second before 4 August 1314 Renauld, Lord of Picquigny, vidame of Amiens (d. 1315)

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Marguerite (d. 1310), married Guy, Viscount of Thouars (d. 1308)

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Mahaut (d. aft. 1328), married Alfonso de la Cerda

paragraph: John died at Clermont-en-Beauvaisis in 1294.

description: French count

wikidata_label: John I of Brienne, Count of Eu

wikipedia_title: John I of Brienne, Count of Eu


text:
Paris
John II of Brienne, Count of Eu
Guînes
Count of Eu
Count of Guînes
Constable of France
Languedoc
Jeanne de Mello
Chinon
Raoul II of Brienne, Count of Eu
Sens
Walter VI of Brienne
Louis I d'Évreux
Étampes
Raoul

categories: 1344 deaths,Year of birth unknown,Constables of France,Counts of Eu,House of Brienne,Counts of Guînes

paragraph: Raoul I of Brienne, Count of Eu

paragraph: Raoul I of Brienne (d. 1344, Paris) was the son of John II of Brienne, Count of Eu and Jeanne, Countess of Guînes.

paragraph: He succeeded his father as Count of Eu in 1302, and his mother as Count of Guînes in 1332. In 1329, he was named Constable of France, and he also held the office of Governor of Languedoc.

paragraph: In 1315, he married Jeanne de Mello (d. 1351), Lady of Lormes and Château-Chinon. They had three children:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Raoul II of Brienne, Count of Eu and Guînes (d. 1350)

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Jeanne (d. 1389, Sens), Lady of Château-Chinon, married first in 1342/3 Walter VI of Brienne, married second in 1357 Louis I d'Évreux, Count of Étampes (1336–1400)

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Marie, d. young

paragraph: He was killed in a tournament and was succeeded by his son Raoul.

description: French noble

wikidata_label: Raoul I of Brienne, Count of Eu

wikipedia_title: Raoul I of Brienne, Count of Eu


text:
petroleum geologist
Yellowstone National Park
National Park Service
Brooklyn, NY
Edward Bassett
Preston Bassett
Phi Beta Kappa
Wellesley College
University of Chicago
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Theron Wasson
Columbia University
River Forest, IL
ornithology
naturalist
Morton Arboretum
National Park Service
Yellowstone National Park
Horace Albright
Brooklyn Daily Eagle

categories: American ornithologists,People from La Grange Park, Illinois,American petroleum geologists,1897 births,University of Chicago alumni,People from River Forest, Illinois,Columbia University alumni,Yellowstone National Park,20th-century American geologists,20th-century women scientists,1994 deaths,People from Brooklyn,Wellesley College alumni,Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni,American women geologists,Women ornithologists

paragraph: Isabel Bassett Wasson

paragraph: Isabel Bassett Wasson (January 11, 1897 – February 21, 1994) was one of the first female petroleum geologists in the United States, the first female ranger at Yellowstone National Park, and also one of the first interpretive rangers (male or female) hired by the National Park Service.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Wasson was born Isabel Bassett in Brooklyn, NY on January 11, 1897, daughter of urban planner Edward Bassett and Annie Preston Bassett, and sister of inventor and engineer Preston Bassett. Wasson graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Wellesley College in 1918, majoring in history so she could take a wide range of science courses. She took classes in geology after graduation at the University of Chicago and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She met her future husband, petroleum geologist Theron Wasson, whom she married in 1920, while working towards a master's degree in geology at Columbia University, which she finished in 1934. They had three children: Elizabeth W. Bergstrom, a biologist; Edward B. Wasson, a petroleum geologist; and Anne Harney Gallagher, an art historian. Wasson worked as a petroleum geologist in her husband's office at the Pure Oil Company from the early 1920s until 1928. She published two scholarly articles on geology, one co-authored with her husband about an oil field discovered by Pure Oil in 1914, and another by herself about the ages of rock formations in Ohio and new terminology for them; the latter was cited in a number of other papers and a recent book. After 1928 she spent over 50 years in River Forest, IL, teaching science in the local public schools, lecturing, bird watching (ornithology), and mentoring generations of young naturalists. Her interests included archaeology; she discovered a Native American religious mound in Thatcher Woods, near her house in River Forest, in the 1930s. An article about her discovery called her "the one who started the environmental education movement in America back in the 1920s and '30s." Theron and Isabel divorced in 1953 and she did not remarry. From 1953-1954, Wasson served as President of the Chicago Ornithological Society. Wasson also taught classes at the Morton Arboretum in Lisle, Illinois. She died in La Grange Park, IL, in 1994.

paragraph: Wasson became one of the first interpretive rangers hired by the National Park Service, and the second ranger and first female ranger at Yellowstone National Park. She was hired when Horace Albright, then the Park Superintendent, heard her lecture on geology to a group of her family and friends who were visiting the park in the summer of 1919 on a tour of national parks organized by the "Brooklyn Daily Eagle". Albright invited her to return in the summer of 1920 to lead interpretive tours and give lectures about the geology of the park, which she did. After she was hired she wrote to the Wellesley alumnae magazine, "Next summer I am to be a ranger in Yellowstone Park. You never heard of a woman ranger? Well, neither have I." She gave over 200 public talks on the geology of the park that summer, and is credited with setting the template for interpretive talks by NPS rangers. Albright also asked her to train the hotel bellhops to give talks similar to hers, but she concluded that they lacked the background in geology to do this. She suggested instead that the park hire college students on summer break to give talks, and this became a tradition at Yellowstone and many other parks. Albright invited her to return again in the summer of 1921, but she declined because she was pregnant. She inquired about returning in 1922 but others had been hired to do similar work.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kaufman, Polly Welts. "National Parks and the Woman's Voice: A History." (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1997, and 2nd edition, 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wasson, Isabel B. A Village Grows up on a Sandbar. "Forest Leaves" (River Forest, Ill.), June 22, 1977.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Geologist unveils underground 'river' mystery. "Oak Leaves" (Oak Park, Ill.), 1952. Summarized here: http://www.oakpark.com/News/Articles/5-31-2005/The-'underground-river'-myth-is-water-under-the-bridge/

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wasson, Isabel B. "Birds." (Chicago: Follett Publishing Co., 1963)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wasson, Isabel B. Authority versus experience. "Religious Education" 23: 144–149 (Chicago: Religious Education Association, July–September 1938).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wasson, Isabel B. What I want the schools to teach my child. "Educational Trends" 6(8): 14–16 (Evanston: Northwestern University, October–November 1938).

description: American petroleum geologist

wikidata_label: Isabel Bassett Wasson

wikipedia_title: Isabel Bassett Wasson