text: Czech

text: Czech comics

text: Jan Saudek

text: Jewish

text: World War II

text: Mischlinge

text: Nazi concentration camp

text: Poland

text: Theresienstadt concentration camp

text: American comics

text: Walt Disney

text: Iron Curtain

text: Robert Crumb

text: Richard Corben

text: technical writer

text: Barrandov Film Studios

text: Olga Schoberová

text: Miloš Macourek

text: Who Wants to Kill Jessie?

text: Czechoslovakia

text: Jaroslav Foglar

text: Ondřej Neff

text: Muriel a andělé

text: kitsch

text: Čtyři vraždy stačí, drahoušku

text: Mladý svět

text: Lips Tullian

text: Thirty Cases of Major Zeman

text: Vladimír Železný

text: Jiří Grygar

text: Slovak Television

text: fall of the communist regime

text: Mladá fronta DNES

text: Kdo chce zabít Jessii?

text: Čtyři vraždy stačí, drahoušku

text: Rudolf Křesťan

text: Muriel a andělé

text: Muriel a oranžová smrt

text: Mladý svět

text: Jaroslav Weigel

text: Jaroslav Foglar

text: Ondřej Neff

text: Moravian Gallery in Brno

text: Konstanz

text: Kája Saudek at the "komiks.cz"

text: Kája Saudek at the "comics.cz"

text: Kája Saudek at the "komix.kvalitne.cz"

categories: Czech comics artists,Nazi concentration camp survivors,Czech illustrators,2015 deaths,Czech male painters,1935 births,Czech painters,Czech Jews

paragraph: Kája Saudek

paragraph: Kája Saudek (born Karel Saudek, 13 May 1935 – 26 June 2015) was a Czech comics illustrator and graphic artist. Called the "King of Czech comic books", from the late 1960s he was considered one of the top artists of Czech comics. He was highly influential as part of popular culture prior to 1989. He was the twin brother of Jan Saudek, internationally known as a photographer and painter.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Karel and Jan Saudek were born in Prague in 1935, twin sons of Gustav Saudek, who was Jewish, and his Czech (Slavic) wife. Both of their families originated in Bohemia; Gustav was born in Decin. After the Nazis invaded Czechoslovakia during World War II, the family was subject to the racial persecution the Germans directed against Jews and Slavs. Kája and his brother Jan were imprisoned with other Mischlinge (mixed-blood) children in the Nazi concentration camp Luža in Poland. Many of their Jewish family members died in the Theresienstadt concentration camp in Czechoslovakia, where their father was deported in February 1945, but both brothers and their father survived to return to Prague and rebuild their lives.

paragraph: Saudek had become familiar with American comics in his early years. He was first inspired mainly by the works of Walt Disney. After the war, as the Communists dominated government and society behind the Iron Curtain, enforced by the Soviet Union, Saudek was also influenced by American artists Robert Crumb and Richard Corben. He became a technical writer and in 1950s worked as a scene-shifter at the Barrandov Film Studios.

paragraph: There he met the actress Olga Schoberová and featured her as a model of his comic character "sexy Jessie", who became one of his best known characters. He and Olga dated for a time. In 1966, the film director Miloš Macourek used some of Saudek's comic drawings in the film "Kdo chce zabít Jessii?" (Who Wants to Kill Jessie?), which featured Schoberová as Jessie. During his work on this film, Saudek met his future wife Hana.

paragraph: Saudek's works became increasingly popular in the Czechoslovakia. In the 1960s he created comics drawings for the magazine "Popmusic Express (Underground Com-comix)", as well as illustrations to the scripts by Jaroslav Foglar, Ondřej Neff and others. He was influential in the expanding popular culture of the country.

paragraph: Saudek drew from family and friends in creating his comic characters. In 1969 he published a part of the comic series "Muriel a andělé" (Muriel and Angels). The album depicts the story of a young physician Muriel, who meets an angel Ro, coming from a distant future. Ro attempts to introduce her to a world without hate, evil people, or death. (He modeled Muriel on actress Olga Schoberová and used his brother Jan for the antagonist general Xenon.) The communist censors believed the story to be politically suspect and banned its publication. Saudek's style was considered to be too "American"; some of his critics labelled his work as an example of bourgeois kitsch. The complete cycle of Muriel was published in 1991, after the change in governments. In 1971 Saudek contributed to the film "Čtyři vraždy stačí, drahoušku" (Four Murders is enough, Honey) with his comic drawings.

paragraph: At the beginning of the 1970s, Saudek worked as an illustrator for the Czechoslovak magazine "Mladý svět". His series "Lips Tullian", inspired by 19th-century adventure stories, was banned by the party censors. They began to be more critical of Saudek's collaboration with the popular magazine, gradually restricting his work, and banning it altogether in the mid-1970s. From 1976 to 1978, Saudek created a comics series to the theme of "Thirty Cases of Major Zeman", a popular Czechoslovak action-drama television series. The original TV series was intended as political propaganda to support official communist positions. As Saudek's work did not conform to this intention, the Ministry of Interior rejected it and refused to allow publication. In 1999, after the fall of the Soviet Union, the album was published under the title "Major Zeman and Six of His Cases".

paragraph: In 1979, Saudek began his collaboration with the "Czech Speleological Society"; the Society sponsored publication of several of his comics series in the following decade. In the 1980s Saudek also co-created a popular TV series, "Okna vesmíru dokořán", together with Vladimír Železný and Jiří Grygar. The series was produced by the Slovak Television.

paragraph: At the beginning of the 1990s, following the fall of the communist regime in Czechoslovakia, many of Saudek's works were published in new editions. He collaborated with the comics journal "Kometa" (The Comet) and also with the erotic magazine "NEI Report".

paragraph: Saudek continued his work. But in April 2006 he suffered a bad accident that left him in a coma. He was hospitalised in the Prague hospital Motol, and died on 26 June 2015.

paragraph: In September 2009, three of his works ranked among the top five of Czech comics in a poll organized by the newspaper "Mladá fronta DNES".

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Film.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kdo chce zabít Jessii?" (Who Wants to Kill Jessie?) (poster and fictional comics in the film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Čtyři vraždy stačí, drahoušku" (Four Murders is enough, Honey) (animated scenes, fictional comics)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Okna vesmíru dokořán" (illustrations)

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Comics.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Honza Hrom" (1968) – 7 parts, own script, published in the "Pop Music Express" magazine)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pepík-Hipík" (1969) – 4 parts, script by Rudolf Křesťan, Karel Hvížďala, Karel Šmíd, published in the "Čtení pod lavicí" magazine)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Muriel a andělé" (Muriel and Angels) (1969) – published in 1991, script by Miloš Macourek

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Muriel a oranžová smrt" (Muriel and the Orange Death) (1970) – published in 2009 by Albatros, partially lost

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Čtverylka" (1971) – 22 strips, script by Rudolf Křesťan, Haiduková, Tikalová, Pacovský, published in "Mladý svět"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Výprava ze Sixie" (Expedition from Sixia), (1971–72) – script by , published in the "Ostravský Kulturní Zpravodaj"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lips Tullian, nejobávanější náčelník lupičů" (Lips Tullian, the Most Redoubtable Leader of Bandits) (1972) published in "Mladý svět"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Diamantová šifra" (The Diamond Code) (1972) – unfinished, 12 parts, script by Svatopluk Novotný, published in "Mladá Fronta"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fantom opery uvádí" (Phantom of the Opera Presents) (1973) – published in "Mladý svět"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Černý Filip" (Black Phillip) (1974) – script by Jaroslav Weigel, published in "Mladý svět"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Major Zeman" (1978–1979) – script by Jaroslav Weigel, published in "Pionýrská stezka"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tajemství zlatého koně" (The Secret of the Golden Horse) (1979), own script, published by "Czech Speleological Society"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Po stopách sněžného muže" (1980) – script by Josef Nesvatba, published by "Czech Speleological Society"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Trať se ztrácí ve tmě" (1980) – published by "Czech Speleological Society"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stříbrný poklad" (Silver Treasure) (1982) – script by J.Weigel, published by "Czech Speleological Society"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Studňa" (The Well) (1984) – published in "Film a Divadlo")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Modrá rokle" (The Blue Ravine) (1984) – script by Jaroslav Foglar, published by "Czech Speleological Society"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Peruánský deník" (Peruvian Diary) (1984) – published by "Czech Speleological Society"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Konec Sahrbergovy bandy" (The End of the Sahrberg Bunch) (1985) – published by "Czech Speleological Society"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ztracený kamarád" (The Lost Friend) (1987) – script by Jaroslav Foglar, published by "Czech Speleological Society"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Arnal a dva dračí zuby" (Arnal and Two Dragon Teeth) (1988) – script by Ondřej Neff, published by "Czech Speleological Society"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jeskyně Saturn" (The Saturn Cave) (1990–1991) – script by J. Foglar, published by "Czech Speleological Society"

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Selected exhibitions.

paragraph: Saudek exhibited his works at more than 300 solo exhibitions in the Czechoslovakia and abroad. His drawings are included in significant Czech art collections (i. e. Moravian Gallery in Brno).

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997 – Konstanz, Rosengarten Museum. "Czech Posters of the '60s from the Collections of the Moravian Gallery Brno"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002 – Prague, Czech Museum of Visual Arts. "Czech Comics (?) and Visual Arts"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003 – Prague, Mánes. "Film Poster"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009 - Prague, Czech Center. "Kaja Saudek and '60s" (Nov. 2009-Jan. 2010)

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Who is Who in the Czech Republic" (1994–95). Prague: Modrý jezdec 1995.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Březina, V.: "Lexikon českého filmu. 2000 filmů (1930–1996)." Prague: Filmové nakladatelství Cinema, 1996.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Saudek, K.: "Jak a proč jsem kreslil Majora Zemana." In: Lidové noviny, 1 July 1999.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (ed.) Třeštík, M.: "Who is Who in the Czech Republic". Prague: Agentura Kdo je kdo, 2002.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Complete catalogue of works by Kája Saudek

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kája Saudek & 60's (Prague.tv – Prague's City Guide)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kája Saudek at the "komiks.cz"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kája Saudek at the "comics.cz"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kája Saudek at the "komix.kvalitne.cz"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interview with Kája Saudek (Source: Reflex)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kniha o Saudkovi se rodila v bolestech, neochotná byla rodina i sběratelé (iDnes)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kája Saudek byl zlatý tehdy a je i teď, potvrzuje výstava komiksů (iDnes)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vyšla monografie komiksového mistra Káji Saudka. Konečně (iDnes)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Monografie Káji Saudka zmizela z pultů za pár dní, dotisk není jistý

alias:
Kaja Saudek
Karel Saudek

description: Czech comics painter and artist

wikidata_label: Kája Saudek

wikipedia_title: Kája Saudek


text:
American football
cornerback
New York Giants
National Football League
college football
University of North Alabama
University of Florida
St. Louis Rams
2012 NFL Draft
Pahokee High School
football
Richard Ash
Merrill Noel
Newberry
Florida Citrus Bowl
FHSAA
Parade
All-American
Rivals.com
University of Florida
Urban Meyer
Florida Gators football
College Football News
Sporting News
possession
marijuana
University of North Alabama
North Alabama Lions football
Terry Bowden
NFL Combine
NFL
Mike Mayock
St. Louis Rams
Trumaine Johnson
Cortland Finnegan
Bradley Fletcher
Jeff Fisher
Detroit Lions
Matt Stafford
Arizona Cardinals
Ryan Lindley
Minnesota Vikings
Chicago Bears'
Charles Tillman
St. Louis Rams'
Arizona Cardinals
Houston Texans'
T. J. Yates
New Orleans Saints
E. J. Gaines
Dallas Cowboys'
Tony Romo
Seattle Seahawks
Philip Rivers
San Diego Chargers
Tavon Austin
Pro Bowl Alternate
Pittsburgh Steelers'
Ben Roethlisberger
Arizona Cardinals'
Carson Palmer
Andy Dalton
Cincinnati Bengals
Pro Football Focus
New York Giants
Dominique Rodgers-Cromartie
Eli Apple
Landon Collins
Dallas Cowboys'
Dez Bryant
New Orleans Saints
Green Bay Packers'
Aaron Rodgers
Lambeau Field
A. J. Green
New York Giants
2017 Pro Bowl
All-Pro
NFL Top 100 Players of 2017
Harlon Hill
Denver Broncos'
Trevor Siemian
New York Giants
Gainesville
Pernell McPhee
New York Giants bio

categories: Sportspeople from the Miami metropolitan area,St. Louis Rams players,1988 births,Players of American football from Florida,North Alabama Lions football players,National Conference Pro Bowl players,American football cornerbacks,People from Pahokee, Florida,Florida Gators football players,New York Giants players,Living people

paragraph: Janoris Jenkins

paragraph: Janoris Jermain Jenkins (born October 29, 1988) is an American football cornerback for the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the University of North Alabama and University of Florida and was drafted by the St. Louis Rams in the second round of the 2012 NFL Draft.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Jenkins attended Pahokee High School, and he played for the Pahokee Blue Devils football team and was teammates with Richard Ash and Merrill Noel. In his senior year, Pahokee went 14–0, beating Newberry 53–14 at the Florida Citrus Bowl for the 2008 FHSAA Class 2B State championship. Jenkins was recognized as a first-team Class 2B All-State selection and a "Parade" magazine All-American.

paragraph: Rated a four-star recruit by Rivals.com, Jenkins was listed as the sixth-best cornerback prospect in the nation.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Jenkins accepted an athletic scholarship to attend the University of Florida, where he played for coach Urban Meyer's Florida Gators football team from 2008 to 2010. He became just the second true freshman in school history to start at cornerback in the season opener. He was named to "College Football News" and "Sporting News′" Freshman All-American teams. Despite his strong on-the-field performance for the Gators over three seasons, Jenkins was kicked off the team after he was charged with possession of marijuana in April 2011.

paragraph: Jenkins subsequently transferred and attended the University of North Alabama for his senior year, after signing an athletic grant-in-aid to play for the North Alabama Lions football team under head coach Terry Bowden.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Coming out of North Alabama, Jenkins was projected to be a second round pick by the majority of NFL draft experts an scouts. Prior to the combine, NFL analyst Mike Mayock ranked Jenkins as the second best cornerback in the 2012 NFL Draft. He received an invitation to the NFL Combine and completed nearly all the combine drills, choosing to only forgo to bench press due to a shoulder injury. On March 9, 2012, he participated at North Alabama's pro day and opted to only perform positional drills for team representatives and scouts. Jenkins was ranked as the third best cornerback in the draft by NFL analyst Mike Mayock and was ranked as the fourth best cornerback by NFLDraftScout.com He received positive reviews for his coverage skills, athletic ability, explosiveness, and ability to read and react to plays. Scouts cited his past personal off the field issues, small stature, and possible ability to adapt to the physicality of the pro game as concerns and liabilities.

paragraph: The St. Louis Rams selected Jenkins in the second round (39th overall) of the 2012 NFL Draft.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:St. Louis Rams.:2012.

paragraph: On July 24, 2012, the St. Louis Rams signed Jenkins to a four-year, $4.99 million contract, that included $2.93 million guaranteed and a signing bonus of $2.06 million.

paragraph: Jenkins competed with fellow rookie Trumaine Johnson, veteran Cortland Finnegan, and Bradley Fletcher for the Rams' starting cornerback job throughout training camp. Head coach Jeff Fisher named Jenkins the Rams' starting cornerback for the start of the regular season.

paragraph: He earned his first career start in his professional regular season debut during the Rams' season-opening 27–23 loss to the Detroit Lions and finished with six combined tackles and a pass deflection, and had his first career interception after picking off Matt Stafford's pass, returning it for 34 yards. In Week 12 against the Arizona Cardinals, he collected two solo tackles and returned two interceptions for touchdowns after picking off fellow rookie Ryan Lindley. He became the first Rams player to ever return two interceptions for touchdowns in a single regular-season game and helped the Rams defeat the Cardinals, 31–17. On December 16, 2012, Jenkins recorded a season-high eight solo tackles during a 36–22 loss to the Minnesota Vikings.

paragraph: Jenkins finished his rookie season with a total of 73 combined tackles (64 solo), 14 pass deflections, four interceptions, and four touchdowns in 15 games and 14 starts. Jenkins also appeared as the Rams' punt returner, finishing the season with nine returns for 46 yards and three fumbles. His four defensive touchdowns (3 INTs, 1 fumble recovery) led the NFL that season. Jenkins won the team's Carroll Rosenbloom Memorial Award for his record-setting season. Jenkins also tied an NFL rookie record with three interceptions returned for touchdowns, and tied Chicago Bears' cornerback Charles Tillman for the league lead.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:St. Louis Rams.:2013.

paragraph: He returned as the St. Louis Rams' starting cornerback alongside Cortland Finnegan in . During the Rams' season-opening 27–24 victory over the Arizona Cardinals Jenkins collected four solo tackles and a season-high three pass deflections. On October 13, he made three combined tackles and had the first sack of his career on Houston Texans' quarterback T. J. Yates. The following play, Jenkins intercepted Yates for his only pick of the season, helping the Rams defeat the Texans, 38–13. In Week 15, he made a season-high six solo tackles during a 27–16 victory over the New Orleans Saints. Jenkins finished the 2013 season with 61 combined tackles (55 solo), 14 pass deflections, one sack, and one interception in 16 games and 16 starts.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:St. Louis Rams.:2014.

paragraph: He resumed his starting cornerback position, teaming up with E. J. Gaines to start the 2014 season. On September 21, he made five solo tackles and intercepted Dallas Cowboys' quarterback Tony Romo, returning it for a 25-yard touchdown as the Rams lost to the Cowboys, 34–31. In Week 7, Jenkins had a season-high nine combined tackles, as the Rams defeated the Seattle Seahawks, 28–26. He missed Weeks 8 and 9 due to a knee injury. On November 23, Jenkins recorded four combined tackles, a pass deflection, and a forced fumble, and intercepted a Philip Rivers' pass for a 99-yard touchdown. The Rams went on to lose to the San Diego Chargers, 27–24. He finished the season with 59 combined tackles (55 solo), five pass deflections, a forced fumble, two interceptions, and two touchdowns in 14 games and 13 starts. Jenkins, along with teammate Tavon Austin, was named a Pro Bowl Alternate.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:St. Louis Rams.:2015.

paragraph: On September 27, 2015, Jenkins made a season-high nine combined tackles, a pass deflection, and intercepted Pittsburgh Steelers' quarterback Ben Roethlisberger during a 12–6 loss. The following game, he accumulated five solo tackles and two pass deflections, and intercepted as pass off of Arizona Cardinals' quarterback Carson Palmer during a 24–22 victory. In Week 12, Jenkins had three solo tackles, a pass deflection, and an interception of Andy Dalton, as the Rams lost to the Cincinnati Bengals, 31–7. He finished his final season with the St. Louis Rams with a total of 64 combined tackles (56 solo), 16 pass deflections, and three interceptions in 15 games and 15 starts. Pro Football Focus ranked Jenkins as the 25th-best cornerback in the NFL in 2015 with an overall grade of 80.2. At one point late in the season, Jenkins was ranked as high as the 11th-best cornerback in the NFL.

paragraph: On March 9, 2016, Jenkins signed a five-year, $62.5 million contract with the New York Giants. The contract includes $28.80 million guaranteed and a signing bonus of $10.00 million.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New York Giants.:2016.

paragraph: He was the New York Giants' "de facto" starting cornerback to begin the regular season, joining a highly touted defensive back field featuring the likes of Dominique Rodgers-Cromartie, Eli Apple, and Landon Collins.

paragraph: In his debut with the Giants, he earned three combined tackles and held Dallas Cowboys' wide receiver Dez Bryant to only one catch for 8 yards in the Giants' season-opening 20–19 victory. The following week, he recorded a season-high eight combined tackles and two pass deflections against the New Orleans Saints, while also returning a blocked field goal for a Giants' touchdown. On October 9, 2016, Jenkins intercepted Green Bay Packers' quarterback Aaron Rodgers twice, made two tackles and had three pass deflections. Jenkins became the first person to intercept Rodgers twice in just one game at Lambeau Field. On November 14, 2016, Jenkins made six tackles and a pass deflection while holding A. J. Green, the NFL's leading receiver, to four catches for 23-yards. He finished the season with 49 combined tackles (44 solo), a career-high 18 pass deflections, one sack, and three interceptions in 15 games and 15 starts. The New York Giants finished the season with an 11–5 record, earning a playoff berth. On January 8, 2017, he played in his first career playoff game, making only one tackle during the Giants' 38–13 loss to the Green Bay Packers.

paragraph: Jenkins was selected to be a starter in the 2017 Pro Bowl for the first time in his career as well as receiving Second-team All-Pro honors. He was also ranked 54th by his peers on the NFL Top 100 Players of 2017. He was the first former North Alabama Lions player to be selected to the Pro Bowl since Harlon Hill in 1956.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New York Giants.:2017.

paragraph: On October 15, 2017, Jenkins made five combined tackles and intercepted Denver Broncos' quarterback Trevor Siemian, returning it for a 43-yard touchdown. The New York Giants defeated the Broncos, 23–10. On October 31, Jenkins was suspended indefinitely by the Giants for violating team rules. He was reinstated on November 7, 2017, after missing just one game. On November 29, 2017, Jenkins was placed on injured reserve after having ankle surgery, ending his 2017 season. In nine games, he finished with 31 combined tackles, three interceptions (of which two were returned for a touchdown), nine passes defensed, and one forced fumble.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New York Giants.:2018.

paragraph: In the 2018 season, Jenkins appeared in all 16 games and recorded 70 combined tackles, two interceptions, 15 passes defensed, and one forced fumble. The Giants finished with a 5-11 record and missed the playoffs.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: On June 1, 2009, Jenkins was arrested near a bar by Gainesville Police for fighting and resisting arrest after punching a man in the head around 2:00 a.m. Police were forced to use a taser on Jenkins after fighting escalated. When asked why the fight started, Jenkins told police it was because he thought someone was going to steal the gold chain around his neck.

paragraph: On April 23, 2011, Jenkins was cited by a Gainesville police officer and charged with misdemeanor marijuana possession. He was cited for the same violation in January 2011, and paid a $316 fine. He was arrested in May 2009 during a downtown Gainesville fight that resulted in probation and community service. On April 26, 2011, he was dismissed by the Florida Gators football team, due to his second drug related arrest in three months.

paragraph: On June 26, 2018, a dead body was found in the basement of Jenkins' New Jersey home, identified as a family friend who had been living at the house. Jenkins' brother was identified as a person of interest.

paragraph: Jenkins is the cousin of with Washington Redskins linebacker Pernell McPhee. He goes by the nickname "Jackrabbit".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- New York Giants bio

description: American football player, defensive back, cornerback

wikidata_label: Janoris Jenkins

wikipedia_title: Janoris Jenkins


text:
Greek
satrap
Alexander the Great
Artabazus II
Greek
Rhodes
Artabazus
Hellespontine Phrygia
Artaxerxes III
Macedonia
Pella
Alexander the Great
Memnon of Rhodes
Halicarnassus
Agis III
Demosthenes
Persia
Autophradates
Aegean Sea
Issus
Cos
Chios
Mytilene
Autophradates
Tenedos
Samothrace
Siphnos
Andros
Darius III
Battle of Issus
Eumenes
Battle of the Hellespont (321 BC)
Craterus
Neoptolemus

categories: Alexander the Great,Persian people of the Greco-Persian Wars,Satraps of the Achaemenid Empire,4th-century BC rulers,Pharnacid dynasty

paragraph: Pharnabazus III

paragraph: Pharnabazus III (in Greek Φαρνάβαζος; c. 370 BC - after 320 BC) was a Persian satrap who fought against Alexander the Great. His father was Artabazus II, and his mother a Greek from Rhodes.

paragraph: Section::::Youth in Macedonia.

paragraph: Pharnabazus was the son of Artabazus, satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia. However, Artabazus was exiled after a failed rebellion against Artaxerxes III in 358 BC. From 352 to 342, the family went into exile to Macedonia, in the capital of Pella in Pella, under the rule of king Philip II (360-336), where they met the young Prince Alexander, future Alexander the Great. With Artabazus and Pharnabazus was Memnon of Rhodes, a Greek mercenary and relative by marriage.

paragraph: Artabazus, Pharnabazus and Memnon were later allowed to return to Persia, in 343 BC. Memnon obtained the command of the Persian navy in the Aegean sea in 334 BC, with Pharnabazus joining him.

paragraph: Section::::War against Alexander.

paragraph: When Alexander invaded the Persian empire, Memnon defended the strategically important town of Halicarnassus, which Alexander was then diverted to capture, forcing him to seek reinforcements. This allowed the Persians time to regroup, until Halicarnassus fell in the first months of 333 BC.

paragraph: Memnon and Pharnabazus then directed their strategy to disrupt Alexander's supply lines by taking Aegean islands near the Hellespont and by fomenting rebellion in southern Greece. Memnon and Pharnabazus had a navy of about 300 warships, composed of Phoenician, Egyptian and Cypriot units, as well as thousands of Greek mercenaries and vast amounts of silver and gold.

paragraph: Section::::War against Alexander.:Support of the Spartan king Agis III against Alexander.

paragraph: At around the same time, the Spartan king Agis III and the Athenian statesman Demosthenes organised forces to liberate their cities from the Macedonians. In the autumn of 333 BC, the Spartan King Agis III had met with the Persian commanders Pharnabazus and Autophradates, somewhere in the Aegean Sea, and revealed to them his plans for a war against Alexander—in Greece itself. The Persians agreed to support Agis; however, they could only spare him 30 talents and 10 ships. Agis also recruited the Greek mercenary survivors of Issus - who had served in the Persian army – a force of 8,000 veterans.

paragraph: Memnon and Pharnabazus took Cos and Chios, but during the siege of Mytilene, the capital of Lesbos, Memnon died of a fever. Pharnabazus took control of the Persian forces in the Aegean, assisted by Autophradates. They captured Mytilene and the isle of Tenedos, which gave him control over the Hellespont.

paragraph: Pharnabazus further threatened Alexander's supplies by establishing a fortified position near Halicarnassus, which made the harbour inaccessible. He also took Samothrace, Siphnos and Andros and seized all Greek supply ships.

paragraph: However, after the Persian king Darius III lost the decisive Battle of Issus in November 333 BC, Pharnabazus became increasingly isolated. The Spartan king, Agis III, whilst still receiving ten ships and thirty talents of silver from the Achaemenids, withdrew from outright rebellion. Pharnabazus had to deal with rebellions in his conquered territory and many of his troops deserted him. His much reduced navy was defeated near Chios and Pharnabazus was captured. While being taken to Alexander, he managed to escape and went to Cos.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: What happened after his escape is not known. There is a gap in the records. It is assumed that he eventually submitted to Alexander, since in 324 BC, Artonis, the sister of Pharnabazus, was given in marriage to Eumenes by Alexander the Great.

paragraph: In 321 BC we find Pharnabazus commanding a squadron of cavalry for Eumenes, in the Battle of the Hellespont (321 BC) in which he defeated Craterus and Neoptolemus.

description: satrap

wikidata_label: Pharnabazus III

wikipedia_title: Pharnabazus III


text: Heiligenberg

text: Fürstenberg

text: Swabia

text: Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg

text: stadtholder

text: Cologne War

text: Hohenzollern

text: Charles I, Count of Hohenzollern

text: Margravine

text: Baden-Durlach

paragraph: Karl, Truchsess von Waldburg

paragraph: Karl, Truchsess von Waldburg (7 August 1548 – 18 June 1593), Baron and Steward of Waldburg in Trauchburg (1580), Imperial minister. Karl was born in the Fürstenburg fortress of Heiligenberg, the third son of William, known as the Younger, (6 March 1518 – 17 January 1566), Baron and Seneschal of Waldburg and an Imperial Councilor, and his wife, Johanna v. Fürstenberg (1529–1589). His family was an old Swabian house and he was descended from the Jacobin line of the House.

paragraph: After 1580, he also bore the title "Truchseß" von Waldburg in Trauchburg (1580) and president of the Imperial Judicial Chambers. He served his brother, Gebhard Truchsess von Waldburg, as steward and "stadtholder" of Bonn after 1582, and as his brother's general in the Cologne War (1582–1589). He migrated with his brother to Strasbourg at the conclusion of the war in 1589, and died there in 1593. He is buried in the Strasbourg Minister.

paragraph: On 6 May 1572, he married Countess Leonore of Hohenzollern (15 February 1551 – after 2 April 1605), daughter of Charles I, Count of Hohenzollern and Margravine Anna of Baden-Durlach.

paragraph: Section::::Family tree.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Notes and references

paragraph: Section::::References and notes.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bibliography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Waldburg, Michaela, Waldburg und Waldburger – Ein Geschlecht steigt auf in den Hochadel des Alten Reiches, 2009, Accessed 15 October 2009

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vochezer, Joseph, "Geschichte des fürstlichen hauses Waldburg in Schwaben", v. 3 (1907), Kempten, Kösel, 1888–1907.

description: Swabian noble

wikidata_label: Karl, Truchsess von Waldburg

wikipedia_title: Karl, Truchsess von Waldburg


text: Hebrew

text: physicist

text: Berlin

text: Siemens

text: Reinhold Rüdenberg

text: Berlin Technische Hochschule

text: Jerusalem

text: Mandatory Palestine

text: Youth Aliyah

text: Gestapo

text: Haifa Technion

text: Israel Academy of Sciences

text: Israel Prize

text: magnetic field

text: Israel Prize

text: exact science

text: Technion

text: List of Israel Prize recipients

categories: Israeli Jews,Israel Prize in exact science recipients,German Jews,Israeli physicists,Members of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities,1900 births,Humboldt University of Berlin alumni,1981 deaths,Technion – Israel Institute of Technology faculty,German emigrants to Mandatory Palestine,Israel Prize in exact science recipients who were physicists,People from Berlin,Jews in Mandatory Palestine

paragraph: Franz Ollendorff

paragraph: Franz Heinrich Ollendorff (Hebrew פרנץ אולנדורף or חיים אולנדורף; born 15 May 1900; died 9 December 1981) was an Israeli physicist.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Franz Heinrich (Haim) Ollendorf was born in Berlin. In 1924, he joined the Siemens research department in Berlin, working under Reinhold Rüdenberg. From 1928 he taught in the engineering faculty of the Berlin Technische Hochschule. Despite protest from his supervisor and university rector Ernst Orlich, the Nazis forced Ollendorff to resign in 1933.

paragraph: Soon after the dismissal, Ollendorff joined the teaching staff of the Jewish public school in Berlin, moving to Jerusalem when the school and staff transferred there in 1934.

paragraph: Ollendorff returned to Germany in the following year to organize the transfer of Jewish children to Mandatory Palestine within the framework of the newly established Youth Aliyah. In 1937 he was finally expelled by the Gestapo. In 1939, he joined the staff of the Haifa Technion and became a professor in the faculty of electrical engineering. He specialized in biomedical electronics and physics.

paragraph: He was a member of the Israel Academy of Sciences and was awarded the Israel Prize for his research in magnetic fields (1954). He was elected a fellow of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers in 1963 and served as the Institute's vice president.

paragraph: His interest in the education of teenagers made him a keen supporter of the Technion's vocational high school.

paragraph: Ollendorff wrote books and papers on electronics, physics, mathematics, acoustics, medical electronics, technical education, and other specialized fields. His publications include Die Grundlagen der Hochfrequenztechnik (1926); Erdstroeme (1928); Die Welt der Vektoren (1950); and Innere Elektronik (1955).

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: In 1954, Ollendorff was awarded the Israel Prize, in exact sciences.

paragraph: A plaque commemorating Orlich's courage hangs in the Physics department at the Technion.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Israel Prize recipients

description: Israeli physicist

wikidata_label: Franz Ollendorff

wikipedia_title: Franz Ollendorff


text:
Pechenizhyn
Kolomyia
Ukrainian
folk hero
Robin Hood
Hutsul
Pechenizhyn
Carpathian Mountains
Prykarpattia
serfs
Bolekhiv
Ivano-Frankivsk oblast
Rocks of Dovbush
szlachta
magnate
Józef Potocki
Baal Shem Tov
Ivano-Frankivsk
Maksym Zalizniak
Ustym Karmaliuk
Ivan Franko
Yuriy Fedkovych
Peasant uprising
Ukrainian folklore
Juraj Janosik
Ustym Karmaliuk
Overview
Brief mentioning
The picture that mentions Bayurak
p. 91

categories: 1700 births,People from Ruthenian Voivodeship,1745 deaths,People from Kolomyia Raion,Hutsuls

paragraph: Oleksa Dovbush

paragraph: Oleksa Dovbush () (born 1700, Pechenizhyn Kolomyia— died 24 August 1745) was a famous Ukrainian outlaw, leader of opryshky, who became a folk hero, often compared to Robin Hood.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Oleksa was born in the Hutsul village of Pechenizhyn in the Carpathian Mountains in the early 18th century. He became the leader of his own band that consisted of almost 50 members ("leheni"). Popular tradition portrays him as a protector to the poor people of the region. There are few written references left of him and his activities.

paragraph: The many folk songs and the few prose legends that still survive in Prykarpattia portray him as a local hero who robbed the rich and helped the poor serfs, like the mythical Robin Hood. His residence is believed to be located near the city of Bolekhiv in Ivano-Frankivsk oblast. It is a rock complex that is called the Rocks of Dovbush which was nominated in the seven historical and seven natural wonders of Ukraine. Dovbush's deeds became so admired that the tales of his acts spread beyond the Hutsul region to the neighboring Pokuttia and Podillya regions of western Ukraine. His portraits were sold at local market places. He was feared by Polish szlachta (landowning nobility). Once, a military expedition of 2000 soldiers, headed by Polish magnate Józef Potocki, was sent to stop his activities. Nonetheless, he could not be captured. Dovbush was shot and mortally wounded by one Stefan, the husband of his lover Dzvinka, in 1745.

paragraph: According to Hassidic legend, Dovbush at one time hid in the house of Baal Shem Tov and gave him his pipe as a token of friendship.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: After his death, his legacy was extended by several of his companions and/or people that idolized him: Vasyl Bayurak (a memorial plate is erected in Ivano-Frankivsk that mentions of his execution), Maksym Zalizniak, Ustym Karmaliuk, and many others.

paragraph: His legend entered Ukrainian folklore and was the subject of various artistic works, by, among others, the writers Ivan Franko and Yuriy Fedkovych. A film was made about him, and there are streets and locations named after him.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Peasant uprising

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ukrainian folklore

paragraph: BULLET::::- Juraj Janosik

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ustym Karmaliuk

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Overview

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brief mentioning

paragraph: BULLET::::- The picture that mentions Bayurak

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- See references cited by Paul R. Magocsi in "Galicia: A Historical Survey and Bibliographic Guide" (University of Toronto Press, 1983), , p. 91

description: Ukrainian outlaw

wikidata_label: Oleksa Dovbush

wikipedia_title: Oleksa Dovbush


text:
speed skater
figure skater
Canada's Sports Hall of Fame
Ice Skating Institute
Bethany, Ontario
Bathgate
North Dakota
United States
Jack McCulloch
Sonja Henie
skates
American Skaters Guild
Pro Skating Historical Foundation

categories: Canadian stunt performers,19th-century Canadian people (post-Confederation),Canadian male speed skaters,1966 deaths,Canadian male single skaters,1879 births,Canadian expatriate sportspeople in the United States,Skating people from Ontario

paragraph: Norval Baptie

paragraph: Norval Baptie (March 18, 1879 – November 26, 1966) was a World record holding speed skater, a champion figure skater, and pioneering ice showman. He was inducted into the Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 1963., and was one of the two charter members of the Ice Skating Institute Hall of Fame in the same year.

paragraph: Born in Bethany, Ontario, he grew up in Bathgate, North Dakota, United States. By the age of 14 he was the North Dakota speed skating champion. In 1897, he challenged World champion Jack McCulloch to a race, and easily won. Over his career, he won almost 5000 races and lost one. He shattered every amateur and professional speed skating record.

paragraph: After his speed skating career, Baptie moved into stunt and figure skating. He set new records for broad jump, skating backwards, jumping over barrels, and even skating on stilts. Baptie began doing solo exhibition shows, which eventually evolved into the World's first ice shows. In the 1930s, he directed shows that featured Sonja Henie, a champion figure skater.

paragraph: Baptie was also influential in the design of skates. He helped design the tubular racing skate and eliminated the curled figure skating blade.

paragraph: In 1938, Baptie retired from the ice. However, he became a professional coach and was listed as a member of the American Skaters Guild in 1940. He continued to coach even after losing both legs from complications from diabetes. He was the Grandfather of noted figure skating coach, Betty Berens, and Great-grandfather of Ice Follies Star Susan Berens.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pro Skating Historical Foundation

description: figure skater

wikidata_label: Norval Baptie

wikipedia_title: Norval Baptie


text:
Hathor
Dendera
12th dynasty
El-Lahun
Senusret II
Amenemhat III
canopic jar
Flinders Petrie
Guy Brunton
pectoral
Amenemhat III
cloisonné
Metropolitan Museum of Art
New York
Egyptian Museum
Cairo
the book online

categories: Princesses of the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt

paragraph: Sithathoriunet

paragraph: Sithathoriunet (her name means “daughter of Hathor of Dendera”) was an Ancient Egyptian "king's daughter" of the 12th dynasty, mainly known from her burial at El-Lahun in which a treasure trove of jewellery was found. She was possibly a daughter of Senusret II since her burial site was found next to the pyramid of this king. If so, this would make her one of five known children and one of three daughters of Senusret II—the other children were Senusret III, Senusretseneb, Itakait and Nofret.

paragraph: Sithathoriunet was buried in the Kahun pyramid complex. She must have died while Amenemhat III was pharaoh, since objects with his name were found in her tomb. Her name and titles survived on her canopic jars and on an alabaster vessel found in her tomb.

paragraph: The tomb was excavated in 1914 by Flinders Petrie and Guy Brunton. It had previously been robbed in antiquity but a niche in the burial site escaped the looters' attention. In this niche were found remains of several boxes filled with jewellery and cosmetic objects, such as razors, a mirror and vases. The jewellery found there is considered to be among the highest quality examples ever found in Ancient Egyptian tombs. Also found were two pectorals, one with the name of Senusret II, the other with the name of Amenemhat III. There was also a crown and several bracelets inscribed with the name of Amenemhat III. Most of the objects are made of gold with inlays of precious stone (cloisonné). Today the majority of the finds are located in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York although the crown is located in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.

paragraph: Section::::Literature.

paragraph: BULLET::::- G. Brunton: "Lahun I: The Treasure" (BSAE 27 en ERA 20 (1914)), London 1920 the book online

paragraph: BULLET::::- H. E. Winlock: "The Treasure of el Lahun", New York 1973

description: ancient Egyptian princess

wikidata_label: Sithathoriunet

wikipedia_title: Sithathoriunet


text:
Turkish
Hanafi
Ottoman
Qur'an
İmâdiyye
İskilip
Bursa
Istanbul
Rumelia
sharia
Suleiman the Magnificent
Shaykh al-Islām
Yazidis
Selim
Cyprus
fatwā
Qizilbash
Iranian
qānūn
Karagöz
coffee

categories: Asharis,Sheikh-ul-Islams of the Ottoman Empire,Quranic exegesis scholars,People from Amadiya,Grand Muftis of Istanbul (Ottoman),Kurdish people of the Ottoman Empire,Hanafis,16th-century jurists,1574 deaths,Political people of the Ottoman Empire,1490 births,Jurists of the Ottoman Empire,16th-century Muslim scholars of Islam

paragraph: Ebussuud Efendi

paragraph: Ebussuud Efendi (Turkish: "Muhammad Ebussuûd Efendi", b. 30 December 1490 – d. 23 August 1574) was a Hanafi Ottoman jurist and Qur'an exegete. He was also called "El-İmâdî" because his family was from İmâdiyye.

paragraph: Ebussuud was the son of İskilipli Sheikh Muhiddin Muhammad Efendi. In the 1530s, Ebussuud served as judge in Bursa, Istanbul and Rumelia, where he brought local laws into conformity with Islamic law ("sharia"). Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent promoted him to Shaykh al-Islām – supreme judge and highest official – in 1545, an office Ebussuud held until his death and which he brought to the peak of its power. He worked closely with the Sultan, issuing judicial opinions that legitimised Suleiman's killings of Yazidis and his successor Selim's attack on Cyprus. Ebussuud also issued "fatwās" which labeled the Qizilbash, regardless of whether they lived on Iranian or Ottoman soil, as "heretics", and declared that killing them would be viewed as praiseworthy, other than just being allowed according to law.

paragraph: Together with Suleiman, the "Lawgiver", Ebussuud reorganized Ottoman jurisprudence and brought it under tighter governmental control, creating a legal framework joining "sharia" and the Ottoman administrative code ("qānūn"). While the previously prevailing opinion held that judges were free to interpret "sharia", the law that even the ruler was subject to, Ebussuud instituted a framework in which the judicial power was derived from the Sultan's and which compelled judges to follow the Sultan's "qānūn-nāmes", "law-letters", in their application of the law.

paragraph: In addition to his judicial reforms, Ebussuud is also remembered for the great variety of "fatwās" he issued. His opinions allowing Karagöz plays and the consumption of coffee, a novelty at the time, are particularly celebrated.

description: Ottoman Grand Mufti

wikidata_label: Ebussuud Effendi

wikipedia_title: Ebussuud Efendi


text:
Johannes Secundus
Ingolstadt
Grijpskerke
Leuven
the university
Bishop of Cambrai
Erasmus of Rotterdam
Great Council of Mechelen
county court
Holland

categories: Dutch jurists,People from Veere,University of Leuven faculty,Presidents of the Great Council,1462 births,University of Leuven alumni,1532 deaths,Dutch judges,16th-century Dutch people

paragraph: Nicolaas Everaerts

paragraph: Nicolaas Everaerts, also called Nicolaus Everardi (1461/62–1532) was a Dutch jurist and the father of Johannes Secundus, an acclaimed poet. He is not to be confused with Nicolaus Everardi (1495–1570) and his son Nicolaus Everardi (1537–86), both professors in Ingolstadt.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born in Grijpskerke, he studied in Leuven, where he became rector of the university in 1504. He also held various ecclesiastical offices, and in the service to the Bishop of Cambrai befriended Erasmus of Rotterdam. In 1508 he was appointed to the Supreme Court of the Netherlands, the Great Council of Mechelen, in 1510 as president of the county court of Holland and in 1528 as president of the "Grote Raad", wielding great influence in these offices.

paragraph: His only work published during his lifetime, "Topicorum seu de locis legalibus liber" (1516) as well as the posthumously published "Responsa sive consilium" (1554) came to be of great practical importance to the jurists of the time.

description: Dutch judge

wikidata_label: Nicolaas Everaerts

wikipedia_title: Nicolaas Everaerts


text:
Spanish
physician
psychologist
Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port
Lower Navarre
Huesca
University of Alcalá
medicine
plague
Baeza
Cathedral Chapter
Linares
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
Joaquín Setantí
physiology
Richard Carew
Miguel de Cervantes
Don Quixote
Francis Bacon
Pierre Charron
Immanuel Kant
Noam Chomsky
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
David Hume
Montesquieu
Friedrich Nietzsche
Francisco de Quevedo
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Arthur Schopenhauer
Jakob Thomasius
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing
"Examen de ingenios para las ciencias"

categories: 1592 deaths,People from Lower Navarre,16th-century Spanish physicians,1530s births

paragraph: Juan Huarte de San Juan

paragraph: Juan Huarte de San Juan or Juan Huarte y Navarro (1529 – 1588) was a Spanish physician and psychologist.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was born at Saint-Jean-Pied-de-Port (Lower Navarre) toward the end of 1529 or beginning of 1530, and was educated, first, at the university of Huesca. He then went on to the University of Alcalá, where he received his doctorate in medicine in 1560.

paragraph: Though it appears doubtful whether he practiced as a physician at Huesca, Huarte distinguished himself by his professional skill and heroic zeal during the plague which devastated Baeza in 1566. For a very short period of time, he was appointed doctor by the Cathedral Chapter in 1573. After six months of holding this position, he was fired when he left without permission to request licenses for printing his magnum opus, "Examen de ingenios para las sciencias" ("The Examination of Men's Wits") or "The Examination of Talents for the Professions."

paragraph: In his personal life, he married a woman named Águeda, and they had three children: Antonia (born between 1568-1576), Águeda, and Luis.

paragraph: Huarte died in Linares in 1588.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: Huarte published the first edition of his "Examen de ingenios para las ciencias" ("The Examination of Men's Wits") in 1575, which won him a European reputation, and was translated by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing. Despite its initial proscription by the Inquisition, copies of the "Examen" were found in many of Barcelona's public and private libraries (including those of Joaquín Setantí, Jeroni Tarrassa, Joan Nadal de Prats, Pau Ignasi de Dalmases and the library of the Jesuit school). Though now superseded, Huarte's treatise is historically interesting as the first attempt to show the connection between psychology and physiology, and its acute ingenuity is as remarkable as the boldness of its views. After his death, a second, revised and expurgated (by the Inquisition) version was published. Between 1575 and 1800, sixty different editions of "Examen" were published. During the 16th, 17th and 18th century, the "Examen" was translated into six European languages: French, Italian, English, Latin, German and Dutch. Richard Carew was the translator of "Examen de Ingenios" into English, basing his translation on Camilli's Italian version. (This book is the first systematic attempt to relate physiology with psychology, though based on the medicine of Galen. Four editions of this translation were published: in 1594, 1596, 1604 and 1616.)

paragraph: Section::::Theories.

paragraph: Section::::Theories.:Talent.

paragraph: He set forth the following theories in his "Examen de ingenios para las ciencias":

paragraph: First, it is only possible for someone to have a lone talent, rather than multiple talents. Huarte considered this single talent to be differentiated in a high degree, with differentiation between individuals and nations.

paragraph: Second, it is critical to fulfill a profession that is in agreement with the talent a person possesses.

paragraph: Third, if the individual is "lacking genius," he or she struggles in a futile way with science.

paragraph: Finally, each talent is marked by a temperament which is corresponding to the physique of a person. This concept relates to his theory on humoral temperaments.

paragraph: Section::::Theories.:Children.

paragraph: In "Examen", Huarte discusses the treatment of children as it relates to their abilities. In line with his theory regarding single talents, Huarte believed some children are proficient in one particular area while others are not. Because they have these differences, children should be studied while they are young to ascertain their abilities so they can learn efficiently in the area they excel in. While Huarte wanted children to begin acquiring knowledge related to their talents at a young age, he was aware that the tasks would have to be developmentally appropriate. Applying this, children would learn language earlier and logic when they are older.

paragraph: Section::::Theories.:Humoral Temperaments.

paragraph: As mentioned above, Huarte believed that humoral temperaments had an effect on individual differences. He believed that levels of heat, cold, moistness, and dryness would result in these differences. During this time, humoral temperaments were used to explain differences in age, ethnicity, and intellect. However, Huarte applied the idea of humoral temperaments in a different way. He suggested that humoral temperaments had an effect on differences in memory and understanding. In his theory, memory was dependent on moistness while understanding was dependent on dryness. Following his theory, he believed older people had brains that were dry (understanding), but that means the person has a poor memory as well. Children, on the other hand, were believed to have the opposite problem: they had moist brains useful for memory tasks, but were low in understanding because they were lacking dryness. Huarte also stated that for everyone, memory is better in the morning and worsens throughout the day because brains accumulate moisture while sleeping and dry out over the waking hours.

paragraph: Section::::Theories.:Behavior.

paragraph: Huarte stressed "somatic determinants of behavior" which originate in the brain. His theory on this combined Greek philosophy with significance placed on the natural determinants of behavior and Christian theology with attention drawn to miraculous enlightenment. His interest in natural determinants of behavior signifies him as a notable pioneer in the field of differential psychology.

paragraph: Section::::Theories.:Gender.

paragraph: In keeping with tradition during the time, Huarte did not have positive views toward women. He aided in perpetuating the views related to gender differences by using his theory regarding humoral temperaments. According to Huarte, women could not be blamed for being dull, because they were both cold and dry (a humoral temperamental characterization of their gender). Historians can interpret these paternalistic biases coinciding with his desire to understand individual differences as insight into how psychologists shaped and supported social norms during and after their time, and use this knowledge to question other gender-differentiated results.

paragraph: Section::::Influence.

paragraph: In 1983, Huarte de San Juan was named the patron of Spanish psychology by Spain's psychology of "decanos" (deans). "Examen de ingenios para las ciencias" has been acknowledged as being a paradigm for organizational psychology, psychological assessment, Cartesian linguistics, and others. It has been suggested by Martín-Araguz that neuropsychologists would find Huarte's work relevant to their field, and that he may have been the founder of neuropsychology. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, "Examen" was thought of as the best known medical treaty available. His influence can be seen (though not always cited) in the work of Miguel de Cervantes (whose "Don Quixote" was inspired by him), Francis Bacon, Pierre Charron, Immanuel Kant, Noam Chomsky, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, David Hume, Montesquieu, Friedrich Nietzsche, Francisco de Quevedo, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Arthur Schopenhauer, Jakob Thomasius, and Gotthold Ephraim Lessing. Additionally, Huarte's position on women provides support for the suggestion that the Renaissance was a time for men to make intellectual strides, and that women did not have this chance.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Examen de ingenios para las ciencias" full text in Spanish at archive.org

description: 'Juan Huarte de San Juan' or 'Juan Huarte y Navarro' was a Spanish physician and psychologist.

wikidata_label: Juan Huarte de San Juan

wikipedia_title: Juan Huarte de San Juan


text:
death metal
vocalist
death metal
Cannibal Corpse
melodic death metal
Paths of Possession
extreme metal
Serpentine Dominion
Monstrosity
Chris Barnes
Six Feet Under
technical death metal
Suffocation
Effigy of the Forgotten
deathcore
Suicide Silence
You Can't Stop Me
Job for a Cowboy
Sun Eater
death growl
extended vocal technique
Baltimore, Maryland
Death
Dethklok
Slayer
Morbid Angel
Judas Priest
Black Sabbath
Iron Maiden
Metallica
Unleashed in the East
Judas Priest
Sodom
Live After Death
Deicide
When Satan Lives
Glen Benton's
World of Warcraft
Washington Wizards
Denver Broncos
Metalocalypse
Metal Masked Assassin
Nathan Explosion
Blizzard Entertainment
non-player character
Alliance
Kill
BlizzCon
Blizzard
bleeped
Vile
Gallery of Suicide
Bloodthirst
Gore Obsessed
The Wretched Spawn
Kill
Evisceration Plague
Torture
A Skeletal Domain
Red Before Black
Imperial Doom
Millennium
The Crypt of Madness
Promises in Blood
The End of the Hour
The Doomstar Requiem
You Can't Stop Me
Sun Eater
Effigy of the Forgotten
Wanderer
Cannibal Corpse official website
Paths of Possession official website
Interview with Mark Prindle
Interview about his addiction
World of Warcraft

categories: American heavy metal singers,Musicians from Baltimore,American male singers,21st-century American singers,Cannibal Corpse members,20th-century American singers,1970 births,Death metal musicians,Living people

paragraph: George Fisher (musician)

paragraph: George "Corpsegrinder" Fisher (born July 8, 1970) is an American death metal vocalist who is the lead vocalist for the American death metal band Cannibal Corpse, the melodic death metal band Paths of Possession, and the extreme metal supergroup Serpentine Dominion. He recorded two albums with Florida's Monstrosity before leaving and joining Cannibal Corpse in late 1995, replacing vocalist Chris Barnes, who is now the vocalist for Six Feet Under.

paragraph: Fisher has also provided guest vocals for New York technical death metal band Suffocation on the songs "Reincremation" and "Mass Obliteration" from their debut album, "Effigy of the Forgotten", as well as guest vocals for California deathcore band Suicide Silence on the song "Control" from their fourth album, "You Can't Stop Me". Fisher also performed guest vocals on Job for a Cowboy's 2014 album "Sun Eater" on the song "The Synthetic Sea."

paragraph: As a death metal vocalist, Fisher employs the "death growl" extended vocal technique. Fisher has also gained much popularity through the size of his neck. He has explained multiple times that the size of his neck is due to a combination of headbanging and lifting weights when he was younger.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Fisher was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He is married and has two daughters. Prior to joining Cannibal Corpse, Fisher worked as a driller's assistant in the Baltimore area.

paragraph: Section::::Personal interests.

paragraph: Fisher is a fan of Death, Dethklok, Slayer, Morbid Angel, Judas Priest, Black Sabbath, Iron Maiden, and Metallica. He said, "I am a fan of live records. "Unleashed in the East" by Judas Priest is probably one of the all-time greatest live records ever put out. I also like the Sodom live disc they put out a while ago, and of course Iron Maiden's classic "Live After Death". I also think the live Deicide disc "When Satan Lives" is great too. Glen Benton's vocals are so powerful." "I listen to a lot of straight edge stuff, you know, from the eighties." He is also an avid player of World of Warcraft. He is a fan of the Washington Wizards and the Denver Broncos.

paragraph: Section::::Appearances.

paragraph: Fisher does occasional guest appearances in the animated series "Metalocalypse" where he voices the Metal Masked Assassin. He was also the inspiration for the character Nathan Explosion, the lead vocalist for Dethklok. Nathan shares a similar physical appearance to Corpsegrinder, headbangs in a windmill fashion, and also lived in Florida, although Fisher was born in Baltimore and moved to Florida later in life.

paragraph: Blizzard Entertainment implemented a non-player character named "Gorge the Corpsegrinder" into "" after he revealed his interest in interviews. Corpsegrinder was invited on stage and performed at BlizzCon 2011 with Level 90 Elite Tauren Chieftain. He also attended the Convention as a participant.

paragraph: Fisher added the phrase "Fuck the Alliance" to the liner notes of the 2006 album "Kill", which he noted in a seven-minute interview in 2007. On the closing night of BlizzCon in October 2011, the band Level 90 Elite Tauren Chieftain, made up of Blizzard employees, welcomed Fisher to the stage with a 40-second clip taken from the 2007 interview, which included the phrase "die you emo cocksuckers" with "cocksuckers" bleeped. Under pressure from Warcraft players, the Blizzard President apologized for the video.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Cannibal Corpse.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vile" (1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gallery of Suicide" (1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bloodthirst" (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gore Obsessed" (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Wretched Spawn" (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kill" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Evisceration Plague" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Torture" (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Skeletal Domain" (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Red Before Black" (2017)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Monstrosity.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Imperial Doom" (1992)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Millennium" (1996)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Paths of Possession.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Crypt of Madness" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Promises in Blood" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The End of the Hour" (2007)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Voodoo Gods.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Anticipation for Blood Leveled in Darkness" (2014)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Serpentine Dominion.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Serpentine Dominion" (2016)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Dethklok.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Doomstar Requiem" (2013) – voice of Metal Masked Assassin

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Suicide Silence.

paragraph: BULLET::::- " You Can't Stop Me" (2014) – guest vocals on track "Control"

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Job for a Cowboy.

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Sun Eater" (2014) – guest vocals on track "The Synthetic Sea"

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Suffocation.

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Effigy of the Forgotten" (1991) - guest vocals on tracks "Mass Obliteration" and "Reincremation"

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Ektomorf.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Aggressor" (2015) - guest vocals on track "Evil by Nature"

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Heaven Shall Burn.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wanderer" (2016) - guest vocals on track "Prey to God"

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Transmetal.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "México Bárbaro" (1996) - guest vocals on tracks "México Bárbaro" and "Ceveline"

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cannibal Corpse official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paths of Possession official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interview with Mark Prindle

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interview about his addiction to World of Warcraft

alias:
George "Corpsegrinder" Fisher
Corpsegrinder

description: American vocalist

enwikiquote_title: George Fisher (musician)

wikidata_label: George Fisher

wikipedia_title: George Fisher (musician)


text:
Italian
condottiero
Italian Wars
Milan
Galeazzo Maria Sforza
France
Louis XI of France
Milanese
Bartolomeo Colleoni
Federico III da Montefeltro
Romagna
Florentines
Pope Sixtus IV
Mesocco
Ludovico Sforza
Charles VIII of France
Venetians
Martinengo
d'Avalos
Kingdom of Naples
Ferdinand of Aragon
Isabella of Aragon
Prince Alfonso
Gian Galeazzo Sforza
Duke of Milan
the Regent Ludovico il Moro
ducats
League of Venice
Battle of Fornovo
Asti
Louis XII
Marshal of France
Battle of Agnadello
Republic of Venice
Novara
Marignano
Emperor Maximilian I
Francis I of France
Arpajon
Teodoro Trivulzio
Genoa
Lyon
Bramantino
Trivulzio Chapel
San Nazaro in Brolo
Castello Sforzesco
Leonardo da Vinci

categories: People from Milan,Condottieri,Marshals of France,Military leaders of the Italian Wars,1518 deaths,1440s births,Generals of former Italian states

paragraph: Gian Giacomo Trivulzio

paragraph: Gian Giacomo Trivulzio (1440 or 1441 – December 5, 1518) was an Italian aristocrat and condottiero who held several military commands during the Italian Wars.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Trivulzio was born in Milan, where he studied, among the others, with Galeazzo Maria Sforza. In 1465, he followed the latter's army in France to help King Louis XI of France. He also took part in the Milanese campaigns against Bartolomeo Colleoni and fought alongside Federico III da Montefeltro in the wars in Romagna.

paragraph: In 1478 he supported the Florentines against Pope Sixtus IV's expansionism. Two years later he acquired the castle of Mesocco. In 1483, he abandoned Ludovico Sforza and switched his allegiance to Charles VIII of France. In 1484, he defeated the Venetians at Martinengo.

paragraph: In 1488, he married Beatrice d'Avalos, after his first wife (Margherita Colleoni) had died. In June of the same year, he moved to southern Italy, entering the service of the Kingdom of Naples and its ruler Ferdinand of Aragon. The same year, Isabella of Aragon, daughter of Prince Alfonso and granddaughter of King Ferdinand married Gian Galeazzo Sforza, formally Duke of Milan. In 1493, the young duke asked his father-in-law for support to regain his ducal power from his uncle, the Regent Ludovico il Moro. Ludovico then asked Charles VIII to invade Naples. Charles swept away any resistance in Italy and soon forced the Neapolitans to sign a treaty of peace. The treaty was negotiated by Trivulzio, who in the meantime had been named commander-in-chief of the Neapolitan army. Impressed by Trivulzio's capabilities, Charles decided to engage him, with Ferdinand's permission, for a salary of 10,000 ducats a year.

paragraph: Trivulzio marched toward France with Charles' army. When the retreating French were attacked by the League of Venice in the Battle of Fornovo (1495), he fought with the French army. On June 15, 1495, he was appointed governor of Asti and was given noble titles and territories in France. After Charles died in 1498, his successor Louis XII mustered a large army under Trivulzio to conquer the Duchy of Milan from Ludovico. Trivulzio took several fortified towns, and forced Ludovico to abandon Milan. On 6 October 1499, he presented Louis XII with the keys of the city. Louis made him governor of Milan; he had already made him a Marshal of France on September 29.

paragraph: Trivulzio also took part in the victorious Battle of Agnadello against the Republic of Venice, and commanded contingents of the French army at Novara and (this time allied with the Venetians against the Swiss) Marignano. In 1516 he successfully defended Milan from the assault of Emperor Maximilian I.

paragraph: However, reports about his behavior as governor caused him to fall in disgrace soon afterwards. He went to France to regain his position from King Francis I of France, but in vain. He died at Arpajon (France) in 1518.

paragraph: His nephew Teodoro Trivulzio was also a military commander under France, and was briefly governor of Milan, Genoa, and Lyon.

paragraph: Section::::Patronage of art.

paragraph: Trivulzio accumulated huge amounts of money, which he used in part as a patron of arts, in particular of works by Bramantino: these include the Trivulzio Chapel in the Basilica of San Nazaro in Brolo, where he was buried, and the tapestries cycle of the Twelve Months now in the Castello Sforzesco in Milan.

paragraph: Leonardo da Vinci designed a large equestrian statue of Trivulzio, which was never begun.

description: Italian general

wikidata_label: Gian Giacomo Trivulzio

wikipedia_title: Gian Giacomo Trivulzio


text:
duke of Pomerania
Pomerania-Stolp
Stargard
Eric of Pomerania
Kalmar Union
Bogislav VIII
Holstein
Maria of Masovia
Siemowit IV, Duke of Masovia
Sophia
Eric II, Duke of Pomerania
Polish–Teutonic War (1431–1435)
Teutonic Knights
Kingdom of Poland
Pomeranian bishops
Eric I
List of Pomeranian duchies and dukes
Pomerania during the Late Middle Ages
Duchy of Pomerania
Partitions of the Duchy of Pomerania
Pomerania-Stolp
House of Pomerania

categories: 15th-century births,1446 deaths,Swedish princes,Dukes of Pomerania

paragraph: Bogislav IX

paragraph: Bogislav IX (, ; 1407/1410 – 7 December 1446), commonly known in English as Bogislav IX, was a duke of Pomerania in Pomerania-Stolp, whose residence was Stargard. His first cousin Eric of Pomerania tried in vain to have him recognized as his heir to the Kalmar Union.

paragraph: Bogislav was the son of Bogislav VIII, Duke of Pomerania, and Sophia of Holstein. On June 24, 1432 in Poznan he married Maria of Masovia, daughter of Siemowit IV, Duke of Masovia and Alexandra of Lithuania. They had daughters, Sophia, who married Eric II, Duke of Pomerania, and Alexandra, and at least one of unknown name.

paragraph: During the Polish–Teutonic War (1431–1435), Bogislav opposed the Teutonic Knights and supported the Kingdom of Poland. He was later involved in struggles related to Pomeranian bishops.

paragraph: Bogislav IX was succeeded by his first cousin, Eric I.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Pomeranian duchies and dukes

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pomerania during the Late Middle Ages

paragraph: BULLET::::- Duchy of Pomerania

paragraph: BULLET::::- Partitions of the Duchy of Pomerania

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pomerania-Stolp

paragraph: BULLET::::- House of Pomerania

description: duke of Pomerania in Pomerania-Stolp

wikidata_label: Bogislaw IX, Duke of Pomerania

wikipedia_title: Bogislav IX


text:
Russian Premier League
Russia
1998 FIFA World Cup
Luxembourg
Player profile

categories: FC Akhmat Grozny players,FC Zenit Saint Petersburg players,Russian footballers,Expatriate footballers in Kazakhstan,Russia international footballers,1974 births,Russian Premier League players,FC Atyrau players,Russian expatriate footballers,FC Ural Yekaterinburg players,FC Baden players,Russian expatriate sportspeople in Kazakhstan,FC Rotor Volgograd players,Kazakhstan Premier League players,FC Kuban Krasnodar players,People from Petrozavodsk,Living people,Expatriate footballers in Switzerland,FC Energiya Volzhsky players,Association football forwards,Russian football managers

paragraph: Denis Zubko

paragraph: Denis Ivanovich Zubko (; born 7 November 1974) is an association football coach and a former player who played striker.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Russian Premier League runner-up: 1997.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Top 33 players year-end list: 1996.

paragraph: Section::::International career.

paragraph: Zubko played his first game for Russia on 30 April 1997 in a 1998 FIFA World Cup qualifier against Luxembourg. He played 3 more games for the national team.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Player profile

description: Russian footballer

wikidata_label: Denis Zubko

wikipedia_title: Denis Zubko


text:
Fall River, Massachusetts
Fall River Iron Works
Fall River Line
Fall River Railroad
Quequechan River
Benjamin Church
Matthew Challoner Durfee Borden
Fall River Iron Works
Quequechan River
New Bedford
whaling
Providence, Rhode Island
Metacomet Mill
Fall River Branch Railroad
Mansfield
Taunton Branch Railroad
Old Colony Railroad
South Braintree
Middleborough
Bridgewater
Fall River Railroad Company
Fall River Line
Matthew C.D. Borden
History of Fall River, Massachusetts
Article on Richard Borden

categories: Businesspeople from Massachusetts,1874 deaths,1795 births,People from Fall River, Massachusetts,American manufacturing businesspeople

paragraph: Richard Borden

paragraph: Colonel Richard Borden (1795–1874) was an American businessman and civic leader from Fall River, Massachusetts. He co-founded the Fall River Iron Works in 1821, and later built several early cotton mills, as well as the Fall River Line, Fall River Gas Works Company, the Fall River Railroad, banks and other businesses. The Borden family would dominate the economic and civic life of Fall River into the early 20th century.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: When the Town of Fall River was established in 1803, the Borden family had been well established in the area for over a century. In 1714, Colonel Richard's ancestor (also named Richard) purchased land along the falls of the Quequechan River from Benjamin Church, along with a saw mill, a grist mill and a fulling mill. Eventually the Borden family would acquire the water rights of the entire Quequechan River valley, and its tremendous potential.

paragraph: Borden began working in a grist mill at age fifteen. Most of the area's corn was ground at his mill. He became adept in the task of sailing and boating in the Narragansett Bay, as part of the grist mill business. He also operated a saw mill adjacent to the grist mill during these years.

paragraph: Borden acquired the rank of "colonel" in the local militia in 1828.

paragraph: In 1828, Borden married Abby Walker Durfee. Together they had seven children; two daughters and five sons. Three of their sons would continue in their father's footsteps and become involved in the Fall River textile business; Thomas James Borden (1832–1902), Richard Baxter Borden (1834–1906) and Matthew Challoner Durfee Borden (1842–1912).

paragraph: Section::::Industrial pioneer.

paragraph: In 1821, Borden established the Fall River Iron Works, along with Major Bradford Durfee, and several others at the lower part of the Quequechan River. Bradford Durfee was a shipwright, and Richard Borden was the owner of a grist mill. After an uncertain start, in which some early investors pulled out, the Fall River Iron Works was incorporated in 1825, with $200,000 in capital. The Iron Works began producing nails, bar stock, and other items such as bands for casks in the nearby New Bedford whaling industry. They soon gained a reputation for producing nails of high quality, and business flourished. By 1845, the company was valued at $960,000. In 1827, Borden began regular steamship service to Providence, Rhode Island.

paragraph: The Iron Works would continue play an important role in the early development of the textile industry in Fall River. Richard Borden later constructed the Metacomet Mill in 1847, which today is the oldest remaining textile mill in the City, located on Anawan Street.

paragraph: Section::::Other businesses.

paragraph: Borden also established the first railroad line to serve Fall River, The Fall River Branch Railroad, was incorporated in 1844 and opened in 1845 to Myricks Junction, with a connection to Boston via Mansfield via the Taunton Branch Railroad. However, wanting a more direct route to Boston, Borden opened a new line in 1846 connecting with the Old Colony Railroad at South Braintree via Middleborough and Bridgewater. The Fall River Branch Railroad was merged with the Middleborough Railroad Corporation and the Randolph & Bridgewater Railroad Corporation to become the Fall River Railroad Company.

paragraph: In 1847, regular steamship service to New York City began as the Bay State Steamboat Company, later known as the Fall River Line. It was America's most luxurious steamship line connecting rail travelers from Boston to Manhattan. It would operate until 1937.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Three of Richard Borden's sons would carry on their father's tradition in the family's businesses. In 1871, his eldest son, Colonel Thomas James Borden (1832–1902) would build the Richard Borden Mill, as a tribute to his father, and succeed his uncle Jefferson as agent of the Print Works, as well as numerous other concerns.

paragraph: Richard Baxter Borden (1834–1906) would serve as either president, director and treasurer of several mills, banks and insurance companies.

paragraph: Matthew C.D. Borden (1842–1912) would eventually take over the American Printing Company in 1887.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of Fall River, Massachusetts

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article on Richard Borden

description: American businessman

wikidata_label: Richard Borden

wikipedia_title: Richard Borden


text: Motueka

text: New Zealand

text: motocross

text: Mickaël Pichon

text: F.I.M.

text: 250cc motocross world championship

text: Honda

text: Stefan Everts

text: four-stroke

text: Motocross des Nations

text: 2007 FIM Motocross World Championship

text: MX1 World Championship

text: MX1 World Championship

text: MX1 World Championship

text: MX1 World Championship

text: MX1 World Championship

text: MX1 World Championship

text: MX1 World Championship

text: 250cc World Championship

text: 250cc World Championship

text: 250cc World Championship

text: 250cc World Championship

text: Joshua Coppins home page

categories: Motocross riders,New Zealand motorcycle racers,People from Motueka,1977 births,Living people

paragraph: Josh Coppins

paragraph: Joshua "Josh" Coppins (born 11 March 1977 in Motueka, New Zealand) is a professional motocross racer and a former World No.2, Coppins retired from full-time racing in 2012. He began his international racing career in 1996 as a privateer. Coppins was runner up to Mickaël Pichon in the 2002 F.I.M. 250cc motocross world championship riding a Honda. In 2005, still on a Honda, he finished second to Stefan Everts in the MX1-GP championship for 450cc four-stroke machines. He has represented New Zealand in the Motocross des Nations since 1997.

paragraph: During the 2007 FIM Motocross World Championship, Coppins built a 100-point lead in the championship, only to break his shoulder blade in the 12th round forcing him out of the next 3 rounds and ending his title hopes.

paragraph: Section::::Career results.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009: 6th MX1 World Championship, winner of 1 GP

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008: 5th MX1 World Championship, winner of 1 GP

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007: 3rd MX1 World Championship, winner of 5 GP's

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006: 7th MX1 World Championship, winner of 1 GP

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005: 2nd MX1 World Championship, winner of 3 GP's

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004: 3rd MX1 World Championship, winner of 1 GP

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003: 11th MX1 World Championship

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002: 2nd 250cc World Championship

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001: 6th 250cc World Championship

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000: 4th 250cc World Championship

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999: 7th 250cc World Championship

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Joshua Coppins home page

paragraph: BULLET::::- Joshua Coppins racing bio at the Yamaha Racing web site

description: New Zealand motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Josh Coppins

wikipedia_title: Josh Coppins


text:
Don
Spaniard
Kingdom of Hawaii
confidant
Kamehameha I
jack-of-all-trades
Jerez de la Frontera
Cadiz
Alessandro Malaspina expedition
Nootka Sound
Vancouver Island
Lady Washington
John Kendrick
Hawaiian Islands
Kamehameha I
Oahu
Battle of Nu'uanu
Honolulu
Pearl Harbor
Pacific Northwest
Alta California
Hippolyte de Bouchard
Louis de Freycinet
grape
brandy
sugarcane
rum
beer
pineapple
cotton
mango
orange
Kamehameha II
Jean Baptiste Rives
native Hawaiian
Consul
John Coffin Jones
Santa Cruz, California
Luis Antonio Argüello
polygamy
Roman Catholic Church
Christian missionaries
Richard Charlton
coffee trees
puritan
Protestant
Hiram Bingham I
Robert Crichton Wyllie
Honolulu Harbor

categories: Kingdom of Hawaii people,1774 births,Spanish botanists,1837 deaths

paragraph: Francisco de Paula Marín

paragraph: Don Francisco de Paula Marín (1774–1837) was a Spaniard who became influential in the early Kingdom of Hawaii. Often called Manini, Marini or other variations, he became a confidant of Hawaiian King Kamehameha I. Marín acted as a jack-of-all-trades, sometimes even acting as a physician, probably without any formal education, and is credited with introducing many agricultural products.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Marín's early life is not generally known, but he probably was born November 25, 1774, in Jerez de la Frontera, an area of Spain near Cadiz. His father was Juan Marín and mother was María Grassi.

paragraph: It was likely he was an apprentice pilot on a ship associated with the Alessandro Malaspina expedition to Nootka Sound and Vancouver Island. At some point he deserted the Spanish and came aboard the American brig "Lady Washington", captain John Kendrick. He arrived in the Hawaiian Islands in 1793 or 1794. He became an interpreter and advisor in the acquisition and use of Western military weapons to King Kamehameha I who was just capturing Oahu island in the Battle of Nu'uanu. For his service Marín was given land in present-day Honolulu near Pearl Harbor. He took at least one more trip off the islands. In 1804 he went as a pilot with captain James Rowan of the "Hazard" where he interpreted for Rowan with the Native Americans of the Pacific Northwest.

paragraph: Section::::Diplomacy and horticulture.

paragraph: Despite deserting them, Marín kept on good terms with the Spanish in Alta California. A natural charmer, he also had good relations with pirates such as Hippolyte de Bouchard on his visit in 1818, and the French navigator Louis de Freycinet in 1819.

paragraph: He often asked for and received seeds, plants and animals, and then experimented with planting new kinds of fruits and vegetables in the Hawaiian Islands.

paragraph: He established Hawaii's first grape vineyard in 1815, and produced its first wine and brandy. He distilled sugarcane into rum, and experimented with beer.

paragraph: In 1813, Marin cultivated the Hawaiian Islands' first pineapple crop, and is usually credited with the first cotton, mango, and orange cultivation. He raised some of the first horses and cattle. Although some of these products might have been grown in household gardens, he ran the first Western-style commercial farming operation.

paragraph: His home became a boarding house, as he rented rooms and served meals to visiting merchants.

paragraph: As the speaker of several languages, he was the unofficial diplomatic corps of Honolulu, acting as accountant and tax collector as he sold his products to restock ships.

paragraph: In April 1819 he was sent to attend the ailing Kamehameha as de facto royal physician and stayed with the king until he died on May 8. The new King, Kamehameha II, and his young French drinking companion Jean Baptiste Rives were happy to offer Marín's refreshments to visitors. On December 10, 1819, Kamehameha II officially commissioned Marín as a captain in the Hawaiian Army.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Marín was also known for his family of at least three native Hawaiian wives and many children. His exact number of offspring is clouded by his penchant for exaggeration. One daughter married Portuguese stonemason Antonio Ferreira, who in 1810 built one of the first stone houses in Honolulu for the Marín family. Daughter Cruz Marín married English sea captain Joseph Maughan. Daughter Lahilahi had children with American Consul John Coffin Jones (even though Jones was already married). Sons Nicolas and Paul F. Marin developed some early commercial facilities of the waterfront. His daughter Antoinette F. Manini (1832–1905) married businessman Lyman Swan in 1851. Although Swan was accused of fraud in Hawaii, the family moved to Santa Cruz, California and became stable members of the early community there. Marín wrote to governor Luis Antonio Argüello about moving to Alta California himself, but was told his multiple wives would not be welcome.

paragraph: Section::::Religion.

paragraph: Despite his polygamy, Marín favored the Roman Catholic Church. When the first priests arrived, his growing family made a substantial part of the congregation.

paragraph: He acted as interpreter when the first Christian missionaries arrived in 1820. When Richard Charlton, the first official British trade representative, arrived he brought a letter addressed to Marín saying that land should be provided for the consulate. When Charlton pressed his claim, he produced a lease witnessed by Marín.

paragraph: When arrived in 1825 with the bodies of Kamehameha II and his queen, who died in London, more plants were left off with Marín, including some of the first coffee trees. Although the English gardener John Wilkinson sent on the "Blonde" soon died, many of the plants thrived on Marín's farm.

paragraph: Over the next few years, the puritanical views of Protestant missionaries such as Hiram Bingham I began to lessen Marín's influence. Alcoholic beverages were put under strict regulation, and Catholic priests were banished.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Marín died in Honolulu on October 30, 1837. After Robert Crichton Wyllie found Marín's diary as he started the Hawaii archives, he said:...much of the present wealth of the islands, is owing to the seeds, roots, and plants introduced by that one man. In my own opinion, it may be fairly questioned if there existed on these islands, or exists at present, any man, to whom the Hawaiian people are generally so much indebted.

paragraph: Marin street near the Honolulu Harbor was named for him . A 28-story high-rise apartment house called Marin Tower was built in 1994 on the site of his house, marked by a plaque and a sculpture titled "Site of Passage" by Laura Ruby. Vineyard street and boulevard at is also named for his vineyard.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (author is a descendant)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (Spanish)

description: A Spaniard influential in the early Kingdom of Hawaii; confidant of Hawaiian King Kamehameha I

wikidata_label: Don Francisco de Paula Marín

wikipedia_title: Francisco de Paula Marín


text:
Augie March
Shepparton
Victoria
Notre Dame High School, Shepparton
Northern Melbourne Institute of TAFE
Edmondo Ammendola

categories: People from Shepparton,Living people,Year of birth missing (living people),Australian indie rock musicians,Australian indie pop musicians

paragraph: Adam Donovan

paragraph: Adam Donovan is an Australian musician and is one of the original members in the Australian band Augie March.

paragraph: He comes from Shepparton, Victoria, and attended St Brendan's Primary School, Shepparton and Notre Dame High School, Shepparton.

paragraph: He attended a music course at Northern Melbourne Institute of TAFE along with fellow Augie March founding members Edmondo Ammendola and David Williams.

description: Australian musician

wikidata_label: Adam Donovan

wikipedia_title: Adam Donovan