text: Canadian football

text: quarterback

text: Montreal Alouettes

text: Canadian Football League

text: Miami Northwestern High School

text: Florida's Mr. Football

text: Miami Hurricanes

text: Robert Marve

text: Emerald Bowl

text: Purdue

text: Philadelphia Eagles

text: undrafted free agent

text: Miami Northwestern High School

text: Liberty City, Miami, Florida

text: football

text: Mr. Football Award (Florida)

text: Elite 11

text: Robert Marve

text: Duke

text: Virginia

text: Dan Le Batard

text: Heisman Trophy

text: Florida State

text: Greg Reid

text: Yellow Jackets

text: Virginia Tech

text: Oklahoma Sooners

text: Florida A&M

text: Miami Hurricanes

text: UCF Knights

text: AP Poll

text: Clemson Tigers

text: Graig Cooper

text: AP Poll

text: ACC

text: Wake Forest Demon Deacons

text: "The U"

text: BCS

text: Virginia Cavaliers

text: Chapel Hill

text: North Carolina Tar Heels

text: Duke Blue Devils

text: Darryl Sharpton

text: Ohio State

text: Randy Shannon

text: Florida A&M

text: Nevin Shapiro scandal

text: Maryland

text: Travis Benjamin

text: Tommy Streeter

text: 2012 NFL Draft

text: Miami Dolphins

text: Philadelphia Eagles

text: United States

text: Canada

text: Edmonton Eskimos

text: Canadian Football League

text: 2013 season

text: Hamilton Tiger-Cats

text: 2015 season

text: Montreal Alouettes

text: Hamilton Tiger-Cats bio

categories: African-American players of American football,Philadelphia Eagles players,Miami Hurricanes football players,Players of American football from Florida,Hamilton Tiger-Cats players,Montreal Alouettes,American football quarterbacks,Canadian football quarterbacks,American players of Canadian football,1990 births,Sportspeople from Miami,Living people,Edmonton Eskimos players

paragraph: Jacory Harris

paragraph: Jacory Sherrod Harris (born May 12, 1990) is a Canadian football quarterback for the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL). Harris started for Miami Northwestern High School during his last two years; he was unbeaten (30-0) and led the team to two state championships. In his senior year, Harris broke the state record for passing touchdowns and won the 2007 High School Football National Championship. He was named Florida's Mr. Football. During his freshman year of college in 2008 with the Miami Hurricanes, he split time with Robert Marve in a two-quarterback system. After the Emerald Bowl in late December, Marve transferred to Purdue, effectively making Harris the undisputed starter for the rest of his career as a Hurricane. He signed with the Philadelphia Eagles as an undrafted free agent in May 2012.

paragraph: Section::::High school career.

paragraph: Harris attended Miami Northwestern High School, located in Liberty City, Miami, Florida. He became the starting quarterback for the Northwestern Bulls football team as a junior in 2006. That year, he would lead Northwestern to an undefeated season and its third state championship while completing 275-of-425 passes for 3,542 yards, 35 touchdowns, and six interceptions. As a senior in 2007, under his leadership, the team went on to another undefeated season and state title, as well as the high school football national championship. During his senior year, he completed 222-of-333 attempts (67% completion rate) for 3,445 yards, with 49 touchdowns and only six interceptions. In total, Harris finished with a 30-0 record as a starting quarterback in high school. Harris was awarded a Class 6A first team all-state selection, the Mr. Football Award (Florida), and Class 6A Player of the Year. Harris attended the 2007 Elite 11 football camp and was ranked as the seventh best pocket-passer quarterback in the nation.

paragraph: Section::::Collegiate career.

paragraph: Section::::Collegiate career.:2008 season.

paragraph: Harris came to University of Miami to compete for the starting quarterback position with former Mr. Florida award winner Robert Marve. Harris and Marve split time as starters, with Marve starting 11 of 13 games. Marve subsequently transferred out of Miami, leaving Harris the full-time starter heading into the 2009 season. During the 2008 season, Harris led Miami on two comeback drives against Duke and Virginia. Harris finished the season with 1,195 yards, 12 touchdowns, and seven interceptions as the Hurricanes wound up 7-6.

paragraph: In a July 31, 2009, interview with Dan Le Batard, Harris told the world that he will pick up his Heisman Trophy wearing a pink suit and with a "pimp cup" in hand. He also earned himself a new nickname in this interview: Afro Butterfly.

paragraph: Section::::Collegiate career.:2009 season.

paragraph: During the first game of his sophomore season against #18 Florida State, Harris went 21-of-34 for 386 passing yards (a career-high and 10th highest in school history) with two touchdowns and also ran for a score in Miami's 38-34 upset road victory. Harris managed just 122 of his 386 passing yards after a tough hit from FSU's blitzing cornerback Greg Reid with 11:45 left to play, which left his right arm numb until the next drive.

paragraph: In the second game of the 2009 season versus the Yellow Jackets at home, Harris completed 20-of-25 passes for 270 yards and three touchdowns—and the 20th-ranked Hurricanes snapped a four-game losing streak against #14 Georgia Tech with a 33-17 victory on September 17, 2009.

paragraph: In the third game of the season against conference rival Virginia Tech, Harris struggled, throwing for nine completions out of 25 passing attempts, 150 yards, and no touchdowns in a 31-7 loss. The Hurricanes were #9 headed into the game, but dropped to #17 in the polls.

paragraph: In the fourth game versus the highly favored Oklahoma Sooners, Harris started the game off throwing two interceptions, then finished 19-for-28 with 202 yards passing and three touchdowns. The 21-20 win brought Miami back up to #11 in the polls.

paragraph: In the fifth game versus Florida A&M on October 10, Harris went 16-for-24 passing for 217 yards and two touchdowns in a 48-16 win. The Hurricanes moved back up to #9 in the AP Poll.

paragraph: In the sixth game of the season, Harris threw for 293 yards and a touchdown. The Miami Hurricanes went on to beat the UCF Knights, 27-7. Miami moved up one spot in the AP Poll.

paragraph: In a losing effort in overtime versus the Clemson Tigers, Harris put up 256 passing yards, two touchdowns, and three interceptions. In overtime, after a 20-yard Graig Cooper run, Harris and the Hurricane offense failed to push in the possible game-winning touchdown. The Hurricanes lost 40-37. The loss also put Miami down to #19 in the AP Poll and out of the BCS Standings.

paragraph: In an ACC matchup against the Wake Forest Demon Deacons, Harris went 22-for-44, 330 yards passing, three touchdowns, and one pick. On a key 4th-and-16 on the Hurricanes final game-winning drive, Harris found Aldarius Johnson on a finger-tip catch which kept the drive alive. Harris sealed the 28-27 victory for "The U" off a 13-yard touchdown pass to Travis Benjamin. The Hurricanes moved up to #16 in the polls.

paragraph: The ninth game brought a change for the BCS 17th-ranked Hurricanes, as a 24-17 halftime lead against the Virginia Cavaliers broke into a dominant second half. Miami outscored Virginia 28-0 to defeat the Cavaliers 52-17. Harris went 18-of-31 with 232 yards, two touchdown passes, and one interception. The previously-struggling Miami defense was not to blame for the allowed points, however, as two special teams miscues leading to two blocked punts brought 14 points to Virginia. The tide-turning play: a 66-yard punt-return by sophomore WR Thearon Collier that brought seven points for the Hurricanes.

paragraph: Harris and the rest of the Miami Hurricanes went up to Chapel Hill to take on the North Carolina Tar Heels. Harris went 28-for-50, 319 yards, one touchdown and four interceptions. The Hurricanes lost 33-24 and went from #14 to #21 and were out of contention for the ACC Championship and a BCS bowl game bid.

paragraph: In the final game at home for the Hurricanes against the Duke Blue Devils on November 21, Harris went 25-for-43, 348 yards passing, two touchdowns, and one interception. The Hurricanes scored three unanswered touchdowns in the second half. Linebacker Darryl Sharpton sealed the win with a 73-yard interception return. Miami won the game by a score of 34-16.

paragraph: As a sophomore, Harris led Miami to a 9-4 record and a #19 ranking from the AP poll while throwing for 3,352 yards, 24 touchdowns, and a pass efficiency rating of 140.09.

paragraph: Section::::Collegiate career.:2010 season.

paragraph: The #13 Hurricanes had to face a schedule that included difficult games in September such as their September 11 matchup with preseason nationally ranked No. 2 Ohio State.

paragraph: As a junior, Harris started the first eight games of the year before a concussion sidelined him for three games, forcing true freshman Stephen Morris to pick up the slack. The Miami Hurricanes finished with a record of 7-6 as their head coach, Randy Shannon, was fired near the season's end on November 27, 2010.

paragraph: Harris opened the season going 12-of-15 passing for 210 yards and three touchdowns as the Hurricanes defeated Florida A&M, 45-0, on September 2. He completed 21-of-32 passes for 248 yards and two touchdowns in Miami's 31-3 win over Pittsburgh on September 23.

paragraph: Harris was 17-of-34 passing for 224 yards with a touchdown pass and another score off a 13-yard run in Miami's 28-13 road win on October 16 over Duke. A week later Miami fell behind 10-7 in the 2nd quarter at home against the North Carolina Tarheels. Harris directed the 'Canes to 23 unanswered points as he completed 21-of-32 passes for 217 yards and three touchdowns in the contest, winning 30-10.

paragraph: Section::::Collegiate career.:2011 season.

paragraph: On August 25, 2011, Harris was ruled ineligible to play the first game of the 2011 season for his involvement with the Nevin Shapiro scandal. Quarterback Stephen Morris started, losing to Maryland on September 5, 2011. Harris then returned after the suspension and threw two touchdown passes along with two interceptions in a 24-6 win against Ohio State.

paragraph: Harris threw for 271 yards on September 24, 2011 against the nationally ranked No. 15 Kansas St. Wildcats in a losing effort, 28-24, as he completed 21-of-31 passes for two touchdowns. Harris was stopped short of the goal line on a quarterback sneak as the game clock expired.

paragraph: On October 8, the Hurricanes came up short against 17th-ranked Virginia Tech, 38-35. Harris was 13-for-21 passing the ball for 267 yards with three touchdowns, including a 77-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Travis Benjamin against the Hokies.

paragraph: On October 15 as the Hurricanes jumped out to a 27-10 halftime lead and claimed a 30-24 victory in Chapel Hill, N.C against a 5-1 North Carolina Tarheel team. The senior quarterback completed 20-of-30 passes for 267 yards with three touchdowns. Harris completed 14-of-20 passes for 202 yards and three touchdowns against the Duke Blue Devils. He also had 22 yards on four rushes as Miami won 49-14.

paragraph: In a 28-21 loss to Virginia (the Cavaliers finished 8-5 in 2011), Harris went 21-of-30 for a season best 311 passing yards and three touchdowns, including one of those going for 51 yards to wide receiver Tommy Streeter in the third quarter. He also rushed six times for 22 yards in this October 27 matchup with the Cavaliers. Miami came up short in a November 12 loss to ACC rival Florida St., 23-19. Harris went 20-for-31 passing the ball for 225 yards with one touchdown. Harris also rushed six times for 31 yards against the 23rd-ranked Seminoles.

paragraph: In Harris's final collegiate game, he threw four interceptions in a 24-17 loss to Boston College.

paragraph: Despite Miami being eligible for a bowl game with a 6-6 record, the university forfeited their bowl bid after having to deal with the fallout of the Nevin Shapiro scandal.

paragraph: Harris ended his senior season completing 195-of-300 passes (65.0 percent) for 2,486 yards, 20 touchdowns, and nine interceptions. For his career at Miami, he had 8,826 passing yards, 70 touchdowns, and a pass efficiency rating of 135.0.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:NFL.

paragraph: Harris was not drafted in the 2012 NFL Draft. After the draft, he received an invitation to the Miami Dolphins' training camp. He signed with the Philadelphia Eagles on May 11, 2012, but was waived on May 21.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Edmonton Eskimos.

paragraph: Following his time in the United States Harris came north to Canada and joined the Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League (CFL) on February 6, 2013. After spending the 2013 season on the practice roster Harris was released by the club on June 15, 2014.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Hamilton Tiger-Cats.

paragraph: On July 13, 2014, Harris signed with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats. In the 2015 season he appeared in three games for the Ti-Cats completing 13 of 23 pass attempts for 160 yards. Following the season he was not re-signed by the Tiger-Cats and became a free-agent.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Montreal Alouettes.

paragraph: Harris signed with the Montreal Alouettes (CFL) on February 14, 2017. During the 2017 preseason Harris completed 15 of 23 pass attempts for 163 yards.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hamilton Tiger-Cats bio

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Jacory Harris

wikipedia_title: Jacory Harris


text:
fl.
ealdorman
earl
York
Northumbria
ethnicity
Kenneth II
Norseman
Oslac
anglicisation
Old Scandinavian
Danelaw
Cambridgeshire
Osulf of Bamburgh
ealdorman
York
Bamburgh
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
Westmorland
cartularlies
De primo Saxonum adventu
Eadulf Evil-child
Firth of Forth
River Tees
Humber Estuary
John of Wallingford
Historia Regum
River Tyne
Edgar the Peaceable
Eadulf of Bamburgh
Ælfsige
Bishop of Chester-le-Street
Kenneth II
Geoffrey Barrow
River Tweed
Alex Woolf
Edward the Martyr
Historia Eliensis
Thored
Gesta Herwardi
Hereward's

categories: Year of birth unknown,10th-century rulers in Europe,Earls and ealdormen of York,10th-century births

paragraph: Oslac of York

paragraph: Oslac (fl. 966–975) is regarded as the first ealdorman (or earl) of York and its dependent territories. These included but may not have been limited to the southern half of Northumbria. His background is obscure because of poor source documentation. The latter has facilitated disagreement amongst historians regarding his family and ethnicity.

paragraph: It is believed that he took over the position of ealdorman of York in 966, holding the position until his downfall in 975. He may have been the first ealdorman of southern—as opposed to a united—Northumbria, though an alternative tradition puts the division of Northumbria into two ealdormanries after his death. Little is known of his career as ealdorman, except for a legend that he escorted the Scottish king Kenneth II to the English royal court, and that he was expelled from England in 975. His life is unattested after this. He had one known son, but it is not clear if that son ever succeeded him.

paragraph: Section::::Origins.

paragraph: Oslac's origins are unclear and no specific relationship with any previous known figure can be established from available sources. Oslac's name suggests to some historians that he was a Norseman. Dorothy Whitelock points out that the name "Oslac" is often an anglicisation of the Old Scandinavian name "Áslákr", while the writers of the "Biographical Dictionary of Dark Age Britain" entry on Oslac comment that the name suggests an origin in the Danelaw, a suggestion supported by the fact that Thored, Oslac's son, held lands in Cambridgeshire.

paragraph: On the other hand "Oslac" is also a genuine English name, and the common "Os" element Oslac's name shared with the name of Osulf of Bamburgh, previous ealdorman of York, points to a connection with the Bamburgh family of the English far north.

paragraph: Section::::Accession.

paragraph: The "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle" recorded for the year 966 that Thored, son of Gunnar, raided Westmorland and that Oslac "took the ealdormanship". Some historians take this to mean that Oslac became the "senior ealdorman of all Northumbria, including the territory of the high-reeves of Bamburgh."

paragraph: Records exist of Oslac witnessing charters as early as 963; this may mean he was ealdorman by 963, and would imply the death or deposition of his predecessor Osulf. Some of these charters are problematic as source documents, having been recorded only in later cartularlies; there is thus a possibility of interference in their transmission. Moreover, a charter dated 966 of a grant by "dux" Thored is witnessed by Oslac "minister" (i.e. "thegn"), suggesting that Oslac had not acceded to the ealdormanship of York before 966.

paragraph: Section::::Division of Northumbria.

paragraph: "De primo Saxonum adventu", an 11th- or 12th-century compilation from earlier sources, claims that after the death of Osulf Northumbria was divided into two parts: Eadulf Evil-child receiving the lands between the Firth of Forth and the River Tees and Oslac receiving the lands between the Humber Estuary and the Tees.

paragraph: According to John of Wallingford, King Edgar made this division during a council at York, in order to prevent the whole area becoming the inheritance of one man. The "Historia Regum" claims that such a division took place not in Oslac's time but Osulf's, and that the division line was the River Tyne rather than Tees; historian Dorothy Whitelock considered this to be apocryphal.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Oslac frequently attested charters of King Edgar the Peaceable, indicating that Oslac enjoyed some position of trust at court.

paragraph: "De primo Saxonum adventu" claims that Oslac, along with Eadulf of Bamburgh and Ælfsige Bishop of Chester-le-Street, escorted the Scottish king Kenneth II to the Wessex-based Edgar: The two earls [Oslac and Eadwulf] along with Ælfsige, who was bishop of St Cuthbert [968—90], conducted Cinaed to king Edgar. And when he had done homage to him, king Edgar gave him Lothian; and with great honour sent him back to his own. This must have occurred — if it happened at all — between 968 and 975, i.e. between Ælfsige becoming bishop and Edgar dying. Richard Fletcher dated it to 973.

paragraph: The historian Geoffrey Barrow believed this to mark the beginning of Scottish control over all the lands between the River Tweed and Firth of Forth (defining "Lothian" in this manner), though another historian, Alex Woolf, has suggested that the part about Lothian may have been fabricated later to give credence to the claim that the Scottish kings owed homage for lands in Lothian.

paragraph: Section::::Downfall and legacy.

paragraph: In 975, not long after the death of King Edgar, Oslac was banished from England. No reason is given by the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle"'s report of his expulsion. Version C of the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle" describes the events thus:The valiant Oslac was driven from the country, over the tossing waves, the gannet's bath, the tumult of the waters, the homeland of the whale; a grey-haired man, wise and skilled in speech, he was bereft of his lands The historian Richard Fletcher guesses that Oslac's downfall may have been the result of opposing the succession of Edward the Martyr.

paragraph: Oslac is said by the "Historia Eliensis" to have had a son named "Thorth", that is, Thored. His successor was indeed a man named Thored, but it is not clear whether this was Thored Oslac's son or Thored son of Gunner; historians tend to favour the idea that Thored the successor was son of Gunner.

paragraph: The "Gesta Herwardi" tells us that his great-great granddaughter, Aedeva (Edith), was Hereward's mother.

description: Earl of york

wikidata_label: Oslac of York

wikipedia_title: Oslac of York


text:
Cumberland
Liberal
House of Commons
Joseph Ferguson
Denton Holme
Mayor
Carlisle
MP
Carlisle
Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries

categories: UK MPs 1880–1885,UK MPs 1885–1886,UK MPs 1874–1880,Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies,1817 births,Mayors of Carlisle, Cumbria,1898 deaths

paragraph: Robert Ferguson (Carlisle MP)

paragraph: Robert Ferguson (1 April 1817 – 1 September 1898) was an English mill-owner from Cumberland, antiquarian and Liberal politician, who sat in the House of Commons from 1874 to 1886.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Ferguson was the son of Joseph Ferguson of Ferguson Brothers cotton manufacturers and his wife Maria Isabella Clarke daughter of John Clarke of Bebside House Northumberland., His father's company owned the Holme Head Works textile mills in Denton Holme. Ferguson became a partner in the firm of Ferguson Brothers and was at one time a Major in the 1st Battalion Cumberland Rifle Volunteers. He was Mayor of Carlisle in 1855 and 1858. He was also chairman of the Carlisle School Board and president of the Carlisle Mechanics Institute.

paragraph: Ferguson was elected MP for Carlisle in February 1874. His father had also held the seat from 1852 to 1857. Ferguson held the seat until 1886. At the General election he retired from politics.

paragraph: Ferguson funded the Robert Ferguson Primary school at Denton Holme, which was opened in 1880 and which was enlarged twice in his lifetime. He lived at Morton Manor, which was later to become Chance's Park.

paragraph: Ferguson was also an antiquarian and a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries. He died on 1 September 1898 aged 81.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Ferguson was the author of several books, including:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The shadow of the pyramid, a series of sonnets" (1847)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Northmen in Cumberland & Westmoreland" (1856)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Teutonic name-system applied to the family names of France, England, & Germany" (1864)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Surnames as a Science" (1883)

description: MP

wikidata_label: Robert Ferguson

wikipedia_title: Robert Ferguson (Carlisle MP)


text:
tennis
1972 Australian Open
Grand Slam
Harry Hopman
Australian Davis Cup team
Merv Rose
1971 French Open Women’s Doubles
Helen Gourlay
Françoise Dürr
Gail Chanfreau
1972 Australian Open Women’s Doubles
Karen Krantzcke
Virginia Wade
1973 Australian Open
1974 Australian Open
Kerry Melville
Margaret Court
Evonne Goolagong
Peggy Michel
Nancy Gunter
Judy Dalton
Wendy Turnbull
Betty Stöve

categories: 1949 births,Sportspeople from Melbourne,Tennis people from Victoria (Australia),Grand Slam (tennis) champions in women's doubles,Australian female tennis players,Australian Open (tennis) champions,Living people

paragraph: Kerry Harris

paragraph: Kerry Harris (born 19 September 1949) is an Australian former professional tennis player, active from 1967 to 1975, who reached the semi-final of the 1972 Australian Open, and reached four Grand Slam doubles finals, of which she won one, in the 1972 Australian Open.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Harris’ early years were spent under the guidance of J Hildebrands (Snr), before being coached by Harry Hopman and trained by Stan Nicholes. Both Hopman and Nicholes were involved in the Australian Davis Cup team at the time. In 1968 Harris started on the International tour, the first year in the open era, and she was chosen to be a part of Lawn Tennis Association of Australia’s Touring Team with Harry Hopman as manager. She later was coached by Merv Rose.

paragraph: Harris first reached a Grand Slam final in the 1971 French Open Women’s Doubles, partnering Helen Gourlay which they lost in two sets to defending champions Françoise Dürr and Gail Chanfreau.

paragraph: Harris won the final of the 1972 Australian Open Women’s Doubles tournament partnered by Helen Gourlay, beating Patricia Coleman-Clegg and Karen Krantzcke. In the women’s singles, seeded number 6, she reached the semi-final, beating third seed Gail Chanfreau in the quarterfinal in straight sets, before losing to second seed and eventual champion Virginia Wade in three sets.

paragraph: She reached the women’s doubles final of the 1973 Australian Open and 1974 Australian Open partnering Kerry Melville on both occasions. In 1973, Margaret Court and Virginia Wade won the final and in 1974, Evonne Goolagong and Peggy Michel won.

paragraph: Harris had wins in her career over Margaret Court, Nancy Gunter, Kerry Melville, Judy Dalton, Wendy Turnbull, Betty Stöve, and Francoise Durr. She was described as an athletic player, with a very powerful serve-and-volley game. She was praised for her good temperament on and off the court.

paragraph: After her tennis career ended, she became a tennis coach.

description: Australian tennis player

wikidata_label: Kerry Harris

wikipedia_title: Kerry Harris


text: Sheikh

text: dervish

text: Ottoman Bosnia

text: mausoleum

text: turbe

text: Stara Gradiška

text: Slavonia

text: Croatia

text: Ottoman Turkish

text: Jelveti

text: Sufi

text: order

text: Battle of Vienna

text: Sava

text: Habsburg

text: Gradiška

text: Bosnia and Herzegovina

text: Sanjak of Klis

text: Eyalet of Bosnia

text: Ottoman Empire

text: Jelveti

text: Islam

text: Sufism

text: sheikh

text: dervish

text: ghayb

text: Ottoman Turkish

text: Mahmud Hudayi

text: Üsküdar

text: Istanbul

text: Fakir

text: hajduk

text: Kupres

text: brigands

text: Balkans

text: Great Turkish War

text: Kingdom of Hungary

text: Battle of Mohács

text: Grand Vizier

text: Kara Mustafa Pasha

text: conquer Vienna

text: Serbo-Croatian

text: Treaty of Karlowitz

text: Politika

text: cephalophore

text: quarantine

text: Francis I of Austria

text: Kingdom of Yugoslavia

text: socialist federal Yugoslavia

text: People's Republic of Croatia

text: mosque

text: hip roof

text: "turbe" of Gül Baba

text: Budapest

text: University Library

text: Bratislava

text: Slovakia

text: Bašagić

text: Sharia

text: dirge

text: Gazi Husrev-beg Library

text: allusion

text: allegory

text: shathiyyat

text: ecstasy

text: stage

text: Jajce

text: mīm

text: jīm

text: kāf

text: Arabic letters

text: Mehmed IV

text: Banja Luka

text: Belgrade

text: Suleiman Pasha

text: Kadi

text: Užice

categories: 17th-century writers of the Ottoman Empire,17th-century Muslim scholars of Islam,Bosnia and Herzegovina writers,Bosnia and Herzegovina Muslims,Ottoman Sufis,People of the Ottoman Empire of Bosnian descent,People from Slavonia

paragraph: Mustafa Gaibi

paragraph: Sheikh Mustafa Gaibi or Gaibija was a 17th-century dervish from Ottoman Bosnia whose mausoleum ("turbe") at Stara Gradiška in Slavonia, in present-day Croatia, became a prominent site of ritual visitation by Muslims. He was regarded as a prophet by some Catholics. He wrote in Ottoman Turkish a discourse on the rules of the Jelveti Sufi order, to which he belonged. He also wrote letters in which he criticized various kinds of wrongdoing that he regarded as widespread in the Ottoman Empire. His letters contain mystical-looking expressions that are difficult to understand. He is reputed to have predicted the defeat of Ottomans at the Battle of Vienna in 1683 and the subsequent loss of their territories north of the river Sava. According to a local Catholic source, an Ottoman soldier killed Gaibi in Stara Gradiška, at the left bank of the Sava, after he refused to escape with other Muslims across the river before the advancing Habsburg army; they captured Stara Gradiška in 1688. In 1954, his "turbe" was transferred across the Sava, to the town of Gradiška in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Very little is known about the life of Mustafa Gaibi. He was born around the turn of the 17th century, possibly in the Sanjak of Klis, a western part of the Eyalet of Bosnia, in the Ottoman Empire. He joined the Jelveti order of the mystical form of Islam known as Sufism, and he became a Sufi sheikh, i.e., the spiritual master of a group of dervishes. His sobriquet is derived from the Arabic adjective "ghayb", meaning "hidden" or "mysterious"; he is referred to in Ottoman Turkish as Mustafā Efendi Ġā’ibī (). His sheikh was Mahmud Hudayi, who was a famous Sufi writer and the re-organizer of the Jelveti order. Hudayi was based in the Üsküdar district of Istanbul, where he died in 1628. Gaibi corresponded with men of high rank, criticizing various kinds of wrongdoing, such as violence, licentiousness, false piety, corruption and bribery, which he saw as widespread in the Ottoman Empire. In one of his letters, he signed himself as "el-faqīr Ġā’ibī ser-i haydūdān-i Kūprez", meaning "Fakir (or poor) Gaibi, the leader of the hajduks from Kupres". This is quite unexpected for a dervish, as hajduks were mostly Christian brigands who defied Ottoman rule in the Balkans. There are records of some Muslim hajduks, but Gaibi's signature was probably a symbolic protest against wrongdoings by the ruling class. He had a son, who was also a dervish.

paragraph: A chronicle written in Latin by a Catholic priest in 1838, titled "Liber memorabilium parochiae Vetero-Gradiscanae" ("Book of Remembrance of the Stara Gradiška Parish"), contains a section titled "De sepulcro magni prophetae Gaibia", or "About the Grave of the Great Prophet Gaibia". According to this source, Gaibi lived in the fortress of Stara Gradiška when the Great Turkish War broke out in 1683. Located at the left bank of the Sava in the region of Slavonia, this fortress and the settlement within it were part of the town of Gradiška, which extended on both sides of the river. Gradiška was taken by the Ottomans in 1535, as part of their northward expansion into the lands of the Kingdom of Hungary after the Battle of Mohács. The conquest of Slavonia was completed by 1559, and Ottoman culture and Islam spread into this region, along with the influx of Muslim population from Bosnia. The presence of dervishes is well attested in Slavonia.

paragraph: Gaibi is the best known among the dervishes who lived in Slavonia. "Liber", however, proposes that he might have been a Christian. It states that he made the sign of the cross on the doors of some houses during a plague epidemic, and that those households were spared from the disease. In 1683, the Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa Pasha led the Ottoman army to conquer Vienna. According to "Liber", he sent a messenger to Gaibi to ask him how it would turn out. Gaibi predicted a bad outcome for the Ottomans and great losses of their troops, to whom he also spoke in that sense as they passed through Gradiška. After the defeat at Vienna, Kara Mustafa Pasha asked Gaibi again a similar question. Gaibi responded with the short statement, "Sava međa i moja leđa", meaning "Sava border and my back" in Serbo-Croatian. The Austrian army took the Stara Gradiška fortress in 1688, and the Ottomans recaptured it in 1690, only to lose it finally in 1691. According to "Liber", its Muslim inhabitants escaped across the Sava, but Gaibi wanted to stay there. Enraged by this, an Ottoman soldier killed Gaibi with an axe. The Austrians found his body and buried it at the river bank near a gate of the fortress. In the Treaty of Karlowitz, signed in 1699, the Sava was confirmed as a new border between the Ottoman and Habsburg Empires.

paragraph: Section::::"Turbe".

paragraph: After the peace was established, Muslims from the neighbouring Bosnia and other parts of the Ottoman Empire began visiting and praying at Gaibi's grave. In Islamic tradition, such ritual visitations are based on the belief in "the workings of divine grace through specific saintly individuals for whom death has brought higher levels of spiritual authority and capacity for intercession thanks to their deeds and virtues in life". Leaving Gaibi's grave, the pilgrims would take some earth from it and keep it as a source of beneficial power. According to "Liber", Muslims began venerating Gaibi after they realized that his prophecies had come true: they were defeated at Vienna with heavy losses, and the Sava became a border, while a mark of this border was Gaibi's back, i.e., his body buried at the river bank. In a legend collected in Gradiška and recorded in 1936 in the Serbian newspaper "Politika", Gaibi is represented as a cephalophore walking on the surface of the river with his severed head under his arm.

paragraph: It was initially rather complicated for Muslims to visit Gaibi's grave, as persons entering Habsburg lands from the Ottoman Empire had to spend some time in quarantine first. Many Muslims thus prayed in Gradiška at the right bank of the Sava, opposite the grave. In the mid-18th century, Muslims requested of Habsburg authorities to transfer Gaibi's remains to Gradiška, also known then by its Turkish name Berbir. They were denied, but the authorities allowed for pilgrims to visit the grave without quarantine and constructed a picket fence around it. A plan of the Stara Gradiška fortress drawn in 1750 shows the grave of the "prophet Gaibia", as he is named in the plan's legend. In 1825, Emperor Francis I of Austria ordered building a little mausoleum around it; it was an open, three-wall structure with a roof. In 1832, General Haecht, the commander of the fortress, allowed Muslims to rebuild and arrange Gaibi's "turbe" as per their own design. Austrian press reported in August 1858 about Turkish pilgrims from Asia visiting the "turbe". It was renovated in 1868, obtaining its final form. An iron fence was later constructed around it, and a flower garden was planted in its yard.

paragraph: It was the northernmost "turbe" in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, established in 1918. In 1954, after World War II and the establishment of socialist federal Yugoslavia, the People's Republic of Croatia requested that the "turbe" be moved to the People's Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It was thus rebuilt in Gradiška within the cemetery at a mosque, where it is also today. It is a square structure with a hip roof, of smaller dimensions than the previous "turbe" at Stara Gradiška. After 1954, the only "turbe" that remains in the former Ottoman lands north of the Sava is the "turbe" of Gül Baba, a 16th-century Turkish dervish, in Budapest.

paragraph: Section::::Writings.

paragraph: Gaibi wrote a discourse in Ottoman Turkish about the rules of the Jelveti order, titled "Risāle-i tarīkatnāme", two copies of which are preserved in the University Library in Bratislava, Slovakia (the manuscripts 426TF7 and 427TG20). They are part of Bašagić's Collection of Islamic manuscripts, which is kept in the library. A Sharia judge from Gradiška donated in 1894 a booklet titled "Risalei Šerife Šejh Mustafa-efendi Gaibi" to the "turbe" at Stara Gradiška. It is a collection of seven writings by Gaibi in Ottoman Turkish, including a discourse on the Sufi piety, a dirge for Bosnia, a testament to his son, and four letters. Three more letters by Gaibi are found in Kadić's Collection, kept in the Gazi Husrev-beg Library in Sarajevo. They were copied from a lost chronicle written by Husejn-efendija Muzaferija (1646–1721), an Islamic scholar from Sarajevo. There is a poem referred to as "Kasida Gaibija", but its authorship is a matter of debate.

paragraph: As is common In Sufi writings, Gaibi often uses allusion and allegory. His discourses, his testament, and his letter to his son are of a didactic character, while his other writings contain "shathiyyat", i.e., strange expressions of a Sufi mystic in ecstasy. Many statements in his letters are difficult to understand. The first work in "Risalei Šerife" is his letter to a dervish in Sarajevo, in which he signed himself as Topuz Baba, meaning "Father Mace". Here Gaibi states, "I walk on the earth and give light to the stars. I am at the third stage. But the light also falls on roses and sheep droppings. I need none of that." In his letter to Mehmed-čelebija of Jajce, Gaibi reproaches him, "A Turk fell in love with an Italian woman." In the dirge, Gaibi laments over Bosnia that is pressed by enemies on all sides, and he adds hopefully, "When appear the first, second and third "mīm" (م), conquests arise. And when emerge "jīm" and "kāf" (ج and ك), Islam will be fine." Gaibi, like other Sufis, ascribes some mystical meaning to Arabic letters.

paragraph: Gaibi's letter to Sultan Mehmed IV has an introduction composed by someone else. Gaibi, who lived in Banja Luka, was invited to visit the sultan in Belgrade, but he sent the letter instead. It was so enigmatic that a scholar was engaged to interpret it. It consisted of twelve points; e.g., the eighth point stated, "There are many skins, but one is missing." This was interpreted to mean that the sultan's realm abounded in violence, lies, licentiousness, corruption, and other vices, all of which was the wrong way, while the right way was missing, as no one held on to it. Another manuscript collection contains a copy of this letter, and in it he is signed as "Fakir Gaibi, the leader of the hajduks from Kupres". Two letters by Gaibi to the Grand Vizier Suleiman Pasha in Belgrade, dated to 1686, are found in Kadić's Collection. The first of them resembles the letter to the sultan and has the same signature as in that copy of it. In his second letter to Suleiman Pasha, Gaibi states, "In the Ottoman Empire, there is no religion that is not full of violence. Regarding bribery, you [all] have made it so public and only through it one can get things done." In the end, Gaibi blesses him. In his letter to Davud-efendija, the "Kadi" of Banja Luka, Gaibi dares him to ravage Banja Luka as he did in Užice.

description: 17th c. Bosnian dervish

wikidata_label: Mustafa Gaibi

wikipedia_title: Mustafa Gaibi


text:
Mayflower
Plymouth Colony
home
National Historic Landmark
Duxbury, Massachusetts
Duxbury
John Alden
Priscilla Mullins
Mayflower
cooper
freeman
selectman
Josiah Winslow
King Philip's War
Roland W. Robbins
Alden House Historic Site
Elisabeth Alden
John Alden Jr.
Salem witch trials
Myles Standish Burial Ground
Ichabod Wiswall
William Cullen Bryant
Emily Post
Julia Child
Alden Kindred of America

categories: People from Duxbury, Massachusetts,1697 deaths,1632 births,People of colonial Massachusetts

paragraph: Jonathan Alden Sr.

paragraph: Capt. Jonathan Alden Sr. ( – ), the son of "Mayflower" immigrants, was a military officer and farm owner in Plymouth Colony. The home he built in the late 1600s is now a National Historic Landmark in Duxbury, Massachusetts.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Jonathan Alden was born in the seaside town of Duxbury in Plymouth Colony. He was the fifth of ten children born to John Alden (–1687) and Priscilla Mullins (–), who both arrived on the historic 1620 voyage of the "Mayflower". John Adlen, a cooper by trade, was a member of the "Mayflower's" crew and Priscilla Mullins was a passenger.

paragraph: In 1627, about five years before Jonathan Alden's birth, John Alden was granted 169 acres on the south side of the Bluefish River in Duxbury, where he built a home near Eagletree Pond. John and Priscilla Alden raised all their children on their Duxbury farm.

paragraph: Section::::Civic and military service.

paragraph: In 1657, Jonathan Alden was made a freeman. In 1685, he was asked to survey land and provide a report to the court about routes for a highway. In 1689, he was elected a selectman for the town of Duxbury.

paragraph: Alden had a long career in Plymouth Colony's military force. In 1658, at the age of 26, he was made an ensign in the Duxbury company. In the same year, the colony's forces were placed under the command of Major Josiah Winslow. About 17 years later, Alden fought under Winslow in King Philip's War (1675-1676). In 1681, Alden was made a lieutenant and, in 1689, he was made a captain of the Duxbury company.

paragraph: Section::::Alden house.

paragraph: The Alden family built two homes on the original 1627 grant in Duxbury. The first home—the childhood home of Jonathan Alden and his siblings—was built in 1632 at Eagletree Pond and demolished sometime before 1687. Its foundation was discovered in 1960 by archeologist Roland W. Robbins. The second Alden home was constructed 100 yards away and is now a museum at the Alden House Historic Site. The older, east side of the present home, which includes the great room and master chamber, was built by Jonathan Alden in the late 1600s. Recent research suggests it was constructed about the time of Adlen's marriage in 1672, while tradition asserts it was built in 1653. Timbers in the west side of the home were erected in the early 1700s when it was owned by his son John Adlen (–1739).

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Jonathan Alden's sister Elisabeth Alden (1623–1717) was the first child of European parents to be born in New England. His brother John Alden Jr. (–1702) was convicted and imprisoned for witchcraft in the Salem witch trials in 1692.

paragraph: At the age of 40, Jonathan Alden married Abigail Hallett (–1725), daughter of Andrew Hallett, on . They had six children in Duxbury: Elizabeth, Anna, Sarah, John, Andrew, and Jonathan Jr.

paragraph: Section::::Death and tribute.

paragraph: Jonathan Alden died on , in Duxbury and he was "buried under arms"—his fellow soldiers laid their swords across his coffin. He was buried near his parents in Myles Standish Burial Ground where the original tombstone, now preserved in a concrete frame, still stands.

paragraph: The funeral sermon was delivered by Rev. Ichabod Wiswall:

paragraph: Section::::Notable descendants.

paragraph: Notable descendants of Jonathan Adler Sr. include his 3rd great-grandson, William Cullen Bryant, an American romantic poet and journalist; his 6th great-granddaughter, Emily Post, an American author on etiquette; and his 7th great-granddaughter, Julia Child, an American chef and television personality.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Section::::References.:Bibliography.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alden Kindred of America

wikidata_label: Jonathan Alden Sr.

wikipedia_title: Jonathan Alden Sr.


text: England

text: United States

text: Walpole, New Hampshire

text: Dartmouth College

text: Joseph Dennie

text: London

text: River Thames

text: Elisha Perkins

text: Hudibrastic verse

text: Nathaniel Hawthorne

text: Federalists

text: democracy

text: Democratic-Republican Party

text: Boston

text: New York City

text: Bellows Falls, Vermont

text: Brattleboro, Vermont

text: "Democracy Unveiled" (1806)

text: 10th revised edition

text: Cambridge, Massachusetts

text: Samuel Fessenden

text: William P. Fessenden

text: Walpole, New Hampshire

text: Thomas Green Fessenden (1771-1837)

categories: People from Walpole, New Hampshire,1771 births,American lawyers,1837 deaths,19th-century American male writers,American editors,Fessenden family,19th-century American poets,Dartmouth College alumni,American male poets

paragraph: Thomas Green Fessenden

paragraph: Thomas Green Fessenden (April 22, 1771 – November 11, 1837) was an American author and editor who worked in England and the United States.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born and raised on the family farm in Walpole, New Hampshire as oldest of nine children, Fessenden graduated from Dartmouth College in 1796. During his college term wrote a ballad, entitled "Jonathan's Courtship", which was reprinted in England. He studied law in Vermont with Nathaniel Chipman, occupying his leisure in writing humorous poems and other papers for the "Farmer's Weekly Museum" of Walpole, of which Joseph Dennie was then editor.

paragraph: He went to London in 1801 as agent for a new hydraulic machine. The enterprise proved a failure and involved him in pecuniary difficulties. While in London, he became interested in the construction of a patent mill on the River Thames, and in this enterprise also he was completely ruined. At this time, he formed the acquaintance of Benjamin Douglas Perkins, patentee of the metallic tractors (see Elisha Perkins) which Fessenden advertised in a poem in Hudibrastic verse. The poem, "Terrible Tractoration", was anonymously published in 1803 and satirized the members of the medical profession who opposed the use of the instruments. Nathaniel Hawthorne characterized the poem as "a work of strange, grotesque ideas, aptly expressed". The poem was enlarged and republished in New York in 1806 as "The Minute Philosopher".

paragraph: Politically alilgned with the Federalists, Fessenden was suspicious of democracy and wrote an extended poem criticizing the Democratic-Republican Party.

paragraph: Fessenden returned to the United States in 1804 and settled in Boston. Later he went to New York City and edited the "Weekly Inspector" for two years. In 1812, he began to practice law in Bellows Falls, Vermont. He moved to Brattleboro, Vermont, in 1815, and was editor of the "Reporter" there. He returned to Bellows Falls from 1816 till 1822 to conduct the "Intelligencer". In 1822, he went to Boston and founded the "New England Farmer" with which he was connected until his death. He also edited "The Horticultural Register" and "The Silk Manual". In 1834 he published "The Complete Farmer and Rural Economist", which was revised, improved and enlarged several times, until the 10th edition in 1857.

paragraph: Fessenden died in Boston on November 11, 1837. Hawthorne included a piece on Fessenden in his "Fanshawe, and other Pieces" (Boston, 1876).

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Some of his publications were:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Terrible Tractoration!! A Poetical Petition Against Galvanising Trumpery, and the Perkinistic Institution" (1804)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Original Poems" (1806)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Democracy Unveiled" (1806)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Register of Arts, or a Compendious View of Some of the Most Useful Modern Discoveries and Inventions" (1808)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pills, Poetical, Political, and Philosophical, Prescribed for the Purpose of Purging the Public of Piddling Philosophers, Penny Poetasters, of Paltry Politicians, and Petty Partisans, by Peter Pepperbox, Poet and Physician" (1809)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The American Clerk's Companion" (1815)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Ladies' Monitor" (1818)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Husbandman and Housewife" (1820)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Laws of Patents for New Inventions" (1822)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Complete Farmer and Rural Economist", (1834); 10th revised edition in 1857

paragraph: His last satire was a little poem entitled "Wooden Booksellers."

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: His father was Thomas Fessenden, a clergyman, born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1739, died in 1813. The elder Thomas was the son of Rev. William Fessenden, of Cambridge, and uncle to Samuel Fessenden, the father of William P. Fessenden. After graduation at Harvard in 1758, the elder Thomas became pastor in Walpole, New Hampshire, which charge he held from 1767 until 1813. He was author of "The Science of Sanctity" (1804), and "The Boston Self-styled Gentlemen-Reviewers reviewed" (1806).

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas Green Fessenden (1771-1837)

description: American writer and lawyer

wikidata_label: Thomas Green Fessenden

wikipedia_title: Thomas Green Fessenden


text: Liberal Party

text: House of Commons

text: Swinfen

text: Eton College

text: Christ Church, Oxford

text: baronetcy

text: George Samuel Ford

text: Member of Parliament

text: Nottingham

text: 1865 general election

text: 1868 general election

text: typhoid fever

text: Wilford

text: Wilford Toll Bridge

text: Henry Robert Markham

categories: People educated at Eton College,People from Nottingham,1826 births,UK MPs 1859–1865,Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford,Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies,UK MPs 1868–1874,Clifton family,Baronets in the Baronetage of England,1869 deaths,Deaths from typhoid fever

paragraph: Robert Juckes Clifton

paragraph: Sir Robert Juckes Clifton, 9th Baronet (24 December 1826 – 30 May 1869) was an English Liberal Party politician who sat in the House of Commons in two periods between 1861 and 1869.

paragraph: Clifton was the son of Sir Juckes Granville Juckes-Clifton, 8th Baronet and his second wife Marianne Swinfen, daughter of John Swinfen of Swinfen, Staffordshire. He was educated at Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford. He succeeded his father to the baronetcy in 1852, but had to live for several years in France because of his debts from gambling and horse racing (see George Samuel Ford).

paragraph: In December 1861, Clifton was elected at a by-election as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Nottingham. He was re-elected at the 1865 general election, but his election was declared void on 20 April 1866. He was re-elected for Nottingham at the 1868 general election but died a year later at the age of 42 from typhoid fever.

paragraph: In 1868 building work began on the Clifton Colliery at Wilford after coal was found on the estate. The colliery opened in 1870 after Clifton's death, as did the Wilford Toll Bridge for which he was also responsible.

paragraph: Clifton married Geraldine Isabella O'Meara, daughter of Colonel John O'Meara, in 1863. They had no children and the baronetcy became extinct upon his death. The Clifton estates went to his cousin's son Henry Robert Markham.

alias:
Robert Clifton
Sir Robert  Clifton
Robert Juckes Clifton
Sir Robert Juckes Clifton
Sir Robert Juckes Clifton, 9th Baronet

description: British politician

wikidata_label: Sir Robert Clifton, 9th Baronet

wikipedia_title: Robert Juckes Clifton


text:
Kirkenes
Norwegian
cross-country skier
Olympic
1994 Winter Olympic Games
Olympic Oath
Holmenkollen medal
Trond Einar Elden
Ernst Vettori
Jens Weißflog
World Cup
Holmenkollen ski festival
International Ski Federation
Peter Petricek
Slovenia
TV 2
Gutta på tur
Bjørn Dæhlie
Arne Hjeltnes
Arne Brimi
Tour de Ski
International Ski Federation (FIS)
1999 World Championships
1994 Olympics
Holmenkollen medalists
Holmenkollen winners since 1892
IOC 1994 Winter Olympics

categories: Holmenkollen Ski Festival winners,Olympic medalists in cross-country skiing,Olympic gold medalists for Norway,Medalists at the 1992 Winter Olympics,People from Sør-Varanger,Cross-country skiers at the 1988 Winter Olympics,Olympic silver medalists for Norway,FIS Cross-Country World Cup champions,FIS Nordic World Ski Championships medalists in cross-country skiing,1963 births,Norwegian male cross-country skiers,Medalists at the 1994 Winter Olympics,Cross-country skiers at the 1992 Winter Olympics,Skiing executives,Medalists at the 1988 Winter Olympics,Living people,Cross-country skiers at the 1994 Winter Olympics,Olympic bronze medalists for Norway,Holmenkollen medalists,Olympic cross-country skiers of Norway

paragraph: Vegard Ulvang

paragraph: Vegard Ulvang (born 10 October 1963, in Kirkenes) is a Norwegian cross-country skier who won three Olympic gold medals, two silver, and one bronze. He has retired from international and Olympic competition. At the opening ceremony of the 1994 Winter Olympic Games, he took the ceremonial Olympic Oath on part of all the athletes. In addition to his Olympic achievements, he received the Holmenkollen medal in 1991 (shared with Trond Einar Elden, Ernst Vettori, and Jens Weißflog), and won the World Cup in 1990. He has also won nine gold, six silver, and two bronze medals in the Norwegian Championships. He earned nine World Cup race victories. Ulvang also won the 50 km at the Holmenkollen ski festival in 1989, 1991 and 1992.

paragraph: After retiring from professional skiing, he started his own clothing line which has made him a multimillionaire.

paragraph: On 25 May 2006 Ulvang was named chairman of the executive board of the International Ski Federation's (FIS) cross-country committee, taking over from Peter Petricek of Slovenia, who decided to step down after four years in the job. Ulvang was given the position without election after the board of the FIS decided unanimously that Ulvang was the best man for the job.

paragraph: Ulvang is also a part of Norwegian TV 2's television travel-series "Gutta på tur", together with fellow skier Bjørn Dæhlie, TV personality Arne Hjeltnes and chef Arne Brimi. He is also the creator and organizer of the Tour de Ski.

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.

paragraph: All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.:Season titles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1 title – (1 overall)

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.:Individual podiums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 9 victories

paragraph: BULLET::::- 34 podiums

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.:Team podiums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 9 victories

paragraph: BULLET::::- 23 podiums

paragraph: Note: Until the 1999 World Championships and the 1994 Olympics, World Championship and Olympic races were included in the World Cup scoring system.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Holmenkollen medalists – click Holmenkollmedaljen for downloadable pdf file

paragraph: BULLET::::- Holmenkollen winners since 1892 – click Vinnere for downloadable pdf file

paragraph: BULLET::::- IOC 1994 Winter Olympics

description: Norwegian cross-country skier

wikidata_label: Vegard Ulvang

wikipedia_title: Vegard Ulvang


text:
Chile
Croatian
Chile
Latin America
net worth
Forbes
mining
financial
industrial
beverages
Banco de Chile
Compañia de Cervecerias Unidas
Antofagasta Plc
copper
El Mercurio
Antofagasta
Bolivia
War of the Pacific
Eduardo Abaroa
Croatia
Brač
Jean-Paul Luksic Fontbona
Santiago
Antofagasta plc

categories: Chilean businesspeople,2005 deaths,Businesspeople in retailing,Brač,People from Antofagasta,Chilean people of Croatian descent,Chilean people of Bolivian descent,1926 births

paragraph: Andrónico Luksic Abaroa

paragraph: Antonio Andrónico Luksic Abaroa (5 November 1926 – 18 August 2005) was a Chilean businessman from a family of Croatian origin. He founded the Luksic Group, becoming the richest person in Chile, the fourth in Latin America, and the 132nd in the world, with a net worth in 2005 of according to "Forbes" magazine. The Luksic Group has interests in the mining, financial, industrial, and beverages sectors. Major holdings include, or have included, Banco de Chile, Compañia de Cervecerias Unidas (CCU), and Antofagasta Plc, a UK-listed copper mining company. In Croatia, he was involved in the tourist industry.

paragraph: On September 2002, the Chilean newspaper "El Mercurio" published an interview with Andrónico Luksic titled "Don Andrónico cuenta su historia" ("Don Andrónico shares his story"), in which he explains how, after a life of hard work, he had decided to retire and "dedicate himself to what he liked the most: his family, his beloved Croatia and social assistance".

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Luksic was born in Antofagasta, to a Bolivian mother, Elena Abaroa Córdova (grandchild of Bolivian War of the Pacific hero Eduardo Abaroa), and a Croatian immigrant father, Policarpo, who had arrived in Chile from the Adriatic island of Brač in 1910 and had made a living in the nitrate industry.

paragraph: Luksic married Ena Craig and they had two sons: Andrónico (born 16 April 1954) and Guillermo (born 14 January 1956 and died in 2013). Luksic was widowed when Ena died in 1959. He married Iris Fontbona in 1961, when she was 18 years old. They had two daughters: Paola (born 1961/1962) and Gabriela (born 1962/1963), and one son: Jean-Paul Luksic Fontbona (born 31 May 1964).)

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Antonio Andrónico Luksic Abaroa died of cancer on 18 August 2005, aged 78. As of 2011, his widow Iris Fontbona and their family had a net worth of . As of October 2012 the Bloomberg Billionaires Index lists Iris Fontbona, who lives in Santiago as the 33rd richest person in the world with an estimated net worth of $19.7 billion. The Forbes 2016 lists Iris Fontbona Chile’s richest person with a $13.8 billion mining assets fortune (or a $15.5 billion total fortune she shares with the rest of her immediate family), making her the fourth-richest in the region. Her net worth is equivalent to 6% of Chile’s GDP.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Antofagasta plc

description: Chilean businessman

wikidata_label: Andrónico Lukšić

wikipedia_title: Andrónico Luksic Abaroa


text:
commedia dell'arte
Giambattista Andreini
Claudio Monteverdi
L'Arianna
Francesco Bartoli
Florentine
I Gelosi
Isabella
Francesco Andreini
prima donna inamorata
Pedro Henriquez de Acevedo
Vincenzo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua
Margaret of Savoy
Francesco
Guarini
Claudio Monteverdi
Salamone Rossi
L'Arianna
Ariadne's abandonment by Theseus
Naxos
Bacchus
Caterina Martinelli
smallpox
Cardinal Montalto
"Arianna's Lament"
Tim Carter
Giambattista Marino
epic
Adriana Basile
Domenico Fetti
Il ballo delle ingrate
Ferdinando
Basilica San Nazaro in Brolo
Maria de' Medici
ménage à trois
Ferdinand III
Eleonora Gonzaga
Charles Gonzaga, Duke of Nevers
Carter, Tim
New York University
ProQuest

wikipedia_title: Pedro Henriquez de Acevedo, Count of Fuentes

wikipedia_title: Margaret of Savoy, Vicereine of Portugal

categories: Italian operatic sopranos,17th-century Italian actresses,1583 births,1630 deaths

paragraph: Virginia Ramponi-Andreini

paragraph: Virginia Ramponi-Andreini, also known by her stage name "La Florinda" (1583 – c.1630) was a celebrated Italian actress and singer. She was known for her performances in "commedia dell'arte" plays, many of them written for her by her husband Giambattista Andreini, and for having created the title role in Claudio Monteverdi's lost opera "L'Arianna". She was born in Northern Italy in either Milan or Genoa. The exact date and place of her death are unknown.

paragraph: Section::::Early life: becoming "La Florinda".

paragraph: Born Virginia Andrea Ramponi, she has been described by her contemporaries in poems and letters as originating from either Milan or Genoa, depending on the source. The first secondary source to record her life in any detail was an entry in Francesco Bartoli's two volume biographical dictionary of Italian actors, "Notizie istoriche de comici italiani", published in 1781. Little is known about her life prior to her marriage in 1601 to the Florentine actor and playwright Giambattista Andreini, the point at which her entry in Bartoli's dictionary begins.

paragraph: Both Virginia and Giambattista Andreini had been actors in "I Gelosi", a "commedia dell'arte" troupe managed by his parents, Isabella and Francesco Andreini. However, soon after their marriage, Gianmbattista formed his own troupe, "I Fedeli" (The Faithful), with Virginia performing in the "prima donna inamorata" roles and helping to manage the troupe. He also began writing his own plays. The first one was a tragedy entitled "La Florinda". Virginia played the title role when it was performed in 1603 for the "Accademia dei Spensierati" (a learned society in Florence). The play received much praise and was published the following year, but there were so many misprints that Giambattista had all 500 copies destroyed. The first surviving copy of "La Florinda" is the 1606 edition, published in Milan where the "Fedeli" performed it for the city's Governor, Pedro Henriquez de Acevedo. It contains several poems written by members of the "Spensierati" in praise of the play, its author, and its leading lady, as well as a poem by Virginia in praise of her husband. The play became very successful over the years and was performed in both Northern Italian and French cities. In the 1606 edition, she was listed as "Verginia ["sic"] Andreini, detta Florinda" ("Virginia Andreini, called Florinda"). However, according to musicologist Emily Wilbourne it is unclear which came first—Virginia's stage name or the play which first brought her to public prominence. Giambattista went on to write several other commedia dell'arte plays in which she performed a character named Florinda including: "Lo Schiavetto" (The Slave Boy) 1612, "La Turca" (The Turkish Woman) 1616, "Lelio Bandito" (Lelio Banished) 1620, and "Amor nello specchio" (Love in the Mirror) 1622.

paragraph: Section::::"L'Arianna".

paragraph: By 1605 the Andreini's and the "Fedeli" troupe had become an integral part of the performers, artists, and composers assembled by Vincenzo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua at his court, an association which was to lead to the performance that brought "La Florinda" lasting fame. Preparations were begun in 1607 for an elaborate set of festivities and performances which were to take place at the Mantua court in May 1608 to celebrate the marriage of Margaret of Savoy to Vincenzo Gonzaga's son and heir Francesco. Virginia Ramponi-Andreini and the "Fedeli" troupe were engaged to perform the centerpiece of the festivities, Guarini's play "L'idropica", which had a prologue and four elaborate "intermedi" by several composers, including Claudio Monteverdi and Salamone Rossi. Monteverdi was also commissioned to compose an opera for the occasion, "L'Arianna", based on the Greek myth of Ariadne's abandonment by Theseus on the island of Naxos and her subsequent marriage to Bacchus.

paragraph: The young soprano Caterina Martinelli had been engaged to sing the role of Arianna (Ariadne). However, she fell gravely ill with smallpox in late February 1608 and died in early March. In the meantime searches began to find a replacement. The Florentine singer Margherita Romana and the Neapolitan Ippolita Recupita (a singer in Cardinal Montalto's service) were deemed unsatisfactory. A third singer from Bergamo, whom Monteverdi had suggested, refused to come to Mantua. The role then fell to Ramponi-Andreini who was already in Mantua and had been praised for her singing of the lament in "La Florinda". According to an account by the Mantuan courtier, Antonio Costantini, she learned her role by heart in only six days and at the rehearsal on the night of 14 March "sang it with such grace and manner of affect" that all present were amazed.

paragraph: "L'Arianna" premiered on 28 May 1608 to great acclaim both for the composer and Ramponi-Andreini, particularly her singing of "Arianna's Lament", the only piece from the opera whose score has survived. The lament, which musicologist Tim Carter posits was probably added to the opera after she had taken over the role to exploit her talents as a singing-actress, made such an impression that copies of it began to be privately circulated as chamber music. Years later, the poet Giambattista Marino, who had attended the Mantua performance, paid tribute to her performance of it in Canto VII of his epic "L'Adone". After comparing her beauty and voice to that of the renowned singer Adriana Basile, he wrote:

paragraph: poem

paragraph: Thus, O Mantua, did you hear Florinda

paragraph: There in the theatres beneath your royal roofs,

paragraph: Expressing Ariadne's harsh sufferings

paragraph: And drawing from a thousand hearts a thousand sighs./poem

paragraph: In his book on 16th and 17th-century "commedia dell'arte" actors, "Attori mercanti corsari" (1993), Siro Ferrone proposed that Domenico Fetti's 1611 painting "Ariadne and Bacchus on the Isle of Naxos" was also a tribute to the "Arianna" premiere and that the Ariadne in the painting is a depiction of Ramponi-Andreini herself. Her participation in the wedding festivities in Mantua did not end with "Arianna". On 4 June, she also appeared in Monteverdi's "Il ballo delle ingrate" (The Dance of the Ungrateful Women) singing a lament as the ungrateful women return to the Underworld.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: After "Arianna", the "Fedeli" remained in the service of Vincenzo Gonzaga and that of his successors for over 20 years, forming a particularly close relationship with Vincenzo's son Ferdinando. Virginia and Giambattista Andreini had been made citizens of the Duchy of Mantua which allowed them to own property there, and although they used the city as their home base, the troupe often performed in other cities, sometimes independently and other times "on loan" from the Gonzaga court for festivities at other Italian courts. In Milan, Virginia continued to perform for the Governor, Pedro Henriquez de Acevedo, and became a particular favourite of his. Virginia and Giambattista's only child, a son, was born in Milan on 30 June 1609. He was named Pietro Enrico in honour of the Governor who held the child at his baptism on 9 July in the Basilica San Nazaro in Brolo.

paragraph: In 1613, Virginia, Giambattista, and the "Fedeli" began what would prove to be the first of several tours outside Italy. On this occasion they performed in Lyon, Fontainebleau, and Paris at the invitation of Maria de' Medici. They remained in France until 1614 and returned there several more times between 1621 and 1625. It was during the troupe's second visit to France that scandal broke out when the Andreini's arch-rivals, Pier Maria Cecchini ("Fritellino") and his wife Orsola ("Flaminia") publicly revealed that Giambattista had long been having an affair with another actress in the troupe, Virginia Rotari. The "ménage à trois" was to continue for the remainder of the Andreini's marriage with both women continuing to perform with the "Fedeli". The troupe travelled to Prague in 1627 where they had been sent by the Mantua court to perform in the celebrations surrounding the coronation of Ferdinand III as King of Bohemia. (Ferdinand III's step-mother at the time was Eleonora Gonzaga, the youngest daughter of Vincenzo Gonzaga.) They remained in Prague until 1628 and then moved with the Habsburg court to Vienna before returning to Italy in 1629.

paragraph: The date and circumstances of Ramponi-Andreini's death are not certain. In her husband's existing letters she is mentioned as still being alive in September 1629. Her death was then mentioned by him (without giving a date) in a letter sent on 17 September 1631 to Charles Gonzaga, Duke of Nevers. In his poem "L'Olivastro", written in 1642, he described her as having died from a "long illness". It has been assumed by several historians that she probably died in Italy between 1630 and 1631 when the plague was rampant both in Mantua and in Bologna where Giambattista is known to have been living at the time. Soon after her death, Giambattista married his lover Virginia Rotari.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Citations

paragraph: Sources

paragraph: BULLET::::- Andreini, Giambattista (1642). "L'Olivastro, overo, Il poeta sfortunato: Poema fantastico". Nicolò Tebaldini

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arcaini, Roberta (1995). "I comici dell'Arte a Milano: accoglienze, sospetti, riconoscimenti" in Cascetta and Carpani (eds.). "La scena della gloria: drammaturgia e spettacolo a Milano in età spagnola", pp. 265-323. Vita e Pensiero.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bartoli, Francesco (1781/2010). "Notizie istoriche de comici italiani", edited and annotated by Giovanna Sparacello, Franco Vazzoler, and Maurizio Melai. L' Institut de recherche sur le patrimoine musical en France (IRPMF)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carandini, Silvia and Mariti, Luciano (2003). "Don Giovanni, o L'estrema avventura del teatro". Bulzoni.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carter, Tim (2002). "Monteverdi's Musical Theatre". Yale University Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Emerson, Isabelle Putnam (2005). "Five Centuries of Women Singers". Greenwood Publishing Group.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Farina, Rachele (ed.) (1995). "Ramponi, Virginia in Andreini". "Dizionario biografico delle donne lombarde 568–1968". Dalai Editore.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fiaschini, Fabrizio (2007). "L'"incessabil agitazione": Giovan Battista Andreini tra professione teatrale, cultura letteraria e religione". Giardini.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mariti, Luciano (2007). "Les stratégies éditoriales et les letture sceniche de Giovan Battista Andreini, comico dell'arte" in Forestier, Caldicott, and Bourqui (eds.) "Le Parnasse du théâtre", pp. 121-150. Presses Paris Sorbonne.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nicolson, Eric (1999). "Romance as Role Model: Early Female Performances of "Orlando furioso" and "Gerusalemme liberta"" in Valeria Finucci (ed.). "Renaissance Transactions: Ariosto and Tasso", pp. 246-269. Duke University Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rosow, Lois (2005). "Music in Court Theatre" in Carter and Butt (eds.). "The Cambridge History of Seventeenth-Century Music", pp. 197-282. Cambridge University Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Scott, Virginia (2010). "Women on the Stage in Early Modern France: 1540-1750". Cambridge University Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wilbourne, Emily (2007). "'Isabella ringiovinita': Virginia Ramponi Andreini before 'Arianna'". "Recercare", Vol. 19, No. 1/2, pp. 47-71. Fondazione Italiana Per La Musica Antica (FIMA). Retrieved 6 October 2013

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wilbourne, Emily (2008). "La Florinda: The Performance of Virginia Ramponi Andreini" (PhD dissertation, New York University). ProQuest. .

description: Italian actor, singer and opera singer

wikidata_label: Virginia Ramponi-Andreini

wikipedia_title: Virginia Ramponi-Andreini


text:
racing cyclist
UCI Women's Team
2013 UCI women's time trial
2013 UCI women's road race
Florence

wikipedia_title: 2013 UCI Road World Championships – Women's time trial

wikipedia_title: 2013 UCI Road World Championships – Women's road race

categories: Mexican female cyclists,1991 births,Place of birth missing (living people),Living people

paragraph: Ana Teresa Casas

paragraph: Ana Teresa Casas Bonilla (born 8 November 1991) is a Mexican racing cyclist, who last rode for UCI Women's Team . She competed in the 2013 UCI women's time trial and 2013 UCI women's road race in Florence.

description: Mexican cyclist

wikidata_label: Ana Teresa Casas

wikipedia_title: Ana Teresa Casas


text:
Riyadh
Saudi Arabia
Saudi Royal Family
San Francisco State University
American College of Switzerland
Leysin
Salman bin Abdulaziz bin Salman Al Saud
Arabic
English
French
Italian
Abdulazizalsaud.webs.com
The3diq.com

paragraph: Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman bin Muhammad Al Saud

paragraph: Prince Abdulaziz bin Salman bin Mohammed Al Saud (Arabic:الأمير عبد العزيز بن سلمان بن محمد آل سعود), (born 8 August 1959, Riyadh Saudi Arabia) is a member of Saudi Royal Family. Prince Abdulaziz is reported to be third son of Prince Salman Bin Mohammed Al Saud.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Prince Abdulaziz was born and raised in Riyadh. He received his early education in Riyadh and London.

paragraph: Section::::Higher education.

paragraph: Prince Abdulaziz completed graduation from San Francisco State University, United States, and then Master in International Relations from the American College of Switzerland, Leysin.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Prince has three sons and three daughters. His eldest son is Prince Salman bin Abdulaziz bin Salman Al Saud.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Prince Abdulaziz served the state of Saudi Arabia as advisor to King Fahd Bin Abdulaziz Al Saud for ten years. He also owns several businesses and now he is president of ASMA International, based in Saudi Arabia.

paragraph: Section::::Hobbies.

paragraph: He is fluent in four languages, Arabic, English, French and Italian. He likes different cultures and wants to bring harmony among different cultures, religions and nations. He is also fond of art. Prince also love animals and he has hundreds of camels.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Abdulazizalsaud.webs.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- The3diq.com

paragraph: BULLET::::-


text:
Buddhist monk
Buddhism
China
Chinese Buddhism
Emperor Ming of Han
Buddha
Kasyapa Matanga
Buddhist texts
White Horse Temple
Luoyang
Sutra of Forty-two Chapters

categories: 1st-century Indian monks,Indian Buddhist monks

paragraph: Dharmaratna

paragraph: Dharmaratna, Gobharana, or Zhu Falan (竺法蘭) was an Indian Buddhist monk who is traditionally believed to have first introduced Buddhism to China in the 1st century CE.

paragraph: According to popular accounts of Chinese Buddhism, Emperor Ming of Han dreamt of a golden deity interpreted as the Buddha and sent a delegation to India. They returned circa 67 CE with the monks Kasyapa Matanga and Dharmaratna, and white horses carrying Buddhist texts and images. The emperor established White Horse Temple in the Han capital Luoyang, where the two supposedly first translated the "Sutra of Forty-two Chapters" into Chinese.

wikidata_label: Dharmaratna

wikipedia_title: Dharmaratna


text: Spanish

categories: Academics of the Complutense University of Madrid,1898 births,Recipients of the Order of Isabella the Catholic,1967 deaths

paragraph: Carlos Jiménez Díaz

paragraph: Carlos Jiménez Díaz (February 10, 1898 – May 18, 1967) was a Spanish physician and clinical researcher.

description: Spanish physician

wikidata_label: Carlos Jiménez Díaz

wikipedia_title: Carlos Jiménez Díaz


text:
Turkish
Oghuz Turkic
Seljuk dynasty
Kınık tribe
Tokuz-Oghuz
Aral
Caspian
Syr Darya
Jaxartes
Jend
Kzyl Orda
Kazakhstan
Islam
Mikâîl
Isrâîl
Israel
Khazar
Judaism
Nestorian Christianity
Tuğrul
Çağrı
Seljuqs
Khurasan
Ghaznavid
Muslim
Battle of Dandanaqan
Transoxiana
Iran
Baghdad
Abbasid
caliph
sultan
Selçuk (given name)
Seljuq dynasty
Seljuq Empire
Seljuq Sultanate of Rum

categories: Khazar military history,Seljuk rulers,1009 deaths

paragraph: Seljuk (warlord)

paragraph: Seljuk Beig ( "Saljūq"; also romanized "Seldjuk", "Seldjuq", "Seljuq"; modern Turkish: "Selçuk"; died 1038) was an Oghuz Turkic warlord, eponymous founder of the Seljuk dynasty.

paragraph: Seljuk was the son of a certain "Toqaq" surnamed "Temür Yalığ" (meaning "of the iron bow") and either the chief or an eminent member of the Oghuz Kınık tribe.

paragraph: In 985, the Seljuq clan split off from the bulk of the Tokuz-Oghuz, a confederacy of nine clans long settled between the Aral and Caspian Seas. They set up camp on the right bank of the lower Syr Darya (Jaxartes), in the direction of Jend, near Kzyl Orda in present-day south-central Kazakhstan. There, in 985, Seljuk converted to Islam.

paragraph: The names of his four sons — Mikâîl ("Michael"), Isrâîl ("Israel"), Mûsâ ("Moses"), and Yûnus ("Jonah") — suggest previous acquaintance with either Khazar Judaism or Nestorian Christianity. According to some sources, Seljuk began his career as an officer in the Khazar army.

paragraph: Under Mikâîl's sons Tuğrul and Çağrı, the Seljuqs migrated into Khurasan. Ghaznavid attempts to stop Seljuqs raiding the local Muslim populace led to the Battle of Dandanaqan on 23 May 1040. Victorious Seljuqs became masters of Khurasan, expanding their power into Transoxiana and across Iran. By 1055, Tuğrul had expanded his control all the way to Baghdad, setting himself up as the champion of the Abbasid caliph, who honored him with the title "sultan". Earlier rulers may have used this title but the Seljuqs seem to have been the first to inscribe it on their coins.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Selçuk (given name)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Seljuq dynasty

paragraph: BULLET::::- Seljuq Empire

paragraph: BULLET::::- Seljuq Sultanate of Rum

description: Ruler of Seljuk Turks

wikidata_label: Seljuk

wikipedia_title: Seljuk (warlord)


text: Spanish

categories: 20th-century composers,Spanish male composers,Spanish composers,Spanish journalists,1994 deaths,20th-century Spanish musicians,1906 births

paragraph: Néstor Álamo

paragraph: Néstor Álamo (February 27, 1906 – March 24, 1994) was a Spanish composer, lawyer and writer.

description: Composer, lawyer, writer

wikidata_label: Néstor Álamo

wikipedia_title: Néstor Álamo


text:
Costa Rican
monk

categories: 1986 deaths,1910 births,Costa Rican priests

paragraph: Carlos Humberto Rodríguez Quirós

paragraph: Carlos Humberto Rodríguez Quirós (April 21, 1910 – July 23, 1986) was a Costa Rican priest who originally was a monk.

description: Costa Rican priest

wikidata_label: Carlos Humberto Rodríguez Quirós

wikipedia_title: Carlos Humberto Rodríguez Quirós


text:
American football
center
University of Alabama
Mountain Brook High School
Birmingham
Alabama
guard
Rivals.com
Scout.com
Mobile Press-Register
Mike Shula
Nick Saban
2007 season
redshirted
2008 Allstate Sugar Bowl
2009
Heisman Trophy
Mark Ingram
Greg McElroy
SEC Championship
BCS National Championship
Michigan State
2011 Capital One Bowl
2011
Trent Richardson
BCS National Championship
Greece
Greek
American

categories: 1988 births,Sportspeople from Birmingham, Alabama,American football centers,Living people,American people of Greek descent

paragraph: William Vlachos

paragraph: William Christos Vlachos (born May 26, 1988) is a former American football center for the University of Alabama.

paragraph: Section::::High school career.

paragraph: Vlachos attended Mountain Brook High School in Birmingham, Alabama. Originally a guard, Vlachos was a three-star prospect out of high school, ranked 19th nationally by Rivals.com, 16th in the state of Alabama by Scout.com and 15th in Alabama by the Mobile Press-Register. As a senior, he was recognized on the 6A All-State team.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: A five-year player at Alabama, Vlachos was originally recruited by Mike Shula, not Nick Saban, as Saban replaced Shula before the 2007 season.

paragraph: In his initial year at Alabama, Vlachos played in one game and was subsequently redshirted. In his second year, he saw limited action in seven games, including the 2008 Allstate Sugar Bowl.

paragraph: As a redshirt sophomore in 2009 Vlachos started every game, helping pave the way for eventual Heisman Trophy winner Mark Ingram to rush for 1658 yards and 17 touchdowns, and helped Greg McElroy throw for 2508 yard and 17 touchdowns, en route an SEC Championship and a BCS National Championship. As a redshirt junior, Vlachos again started every game en route to a 49-7 victory over Michigan State in the 2011 Capital One Bowl. As a redshirt senior in 2011, Vlachos again paved the way for another prolific running back, this time Trent Richardson, who rushed for 23 touchdowns and finished as a Heisman Trophy candidate. Vlachos and Alabama would win another BCS National Championship.

paragraph: Vlachos finished his career having started 40 consecutive games and having played in 48 total games.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: On April 30, 2012 Vlachos was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Tennessee Titans. He was released on August 27, 2012.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Vlachos was born in Greece to a Greek father and an American mother.

description: American football player

wikidata_label: William Vlachos

wikipedia_title: William Vlachos


text:
Spanish
Palaciosrubios
University of Salamanca
Valladolid
Mesta
Ferdinand and Isabella
Alfonso X the Wise
Council of Castile

categories: University of Salamanca alumni,University of Salamanca faculty,1450 births,1524 deaths,Spanish jurists

paragraph: Juan López de Palacios Rubios

paragraph: Juan López de Palacios Rubios (1450–1524) was a Spanish jurist whose real name is Juan Lopez de Vivero. Also known as Doctor Palacios Rubios because of the village where he was born: "Palaciosrubios" (today province of Salamanca). He is the editor of the famous "requirimiento" that bears his name, read during the conquest of America to the Indians, members, instructing to submit peacefully. In the text they informed the natives that they were vassals of the Castilian monarch and subjects of the "Pope" and, if they oppose they would be subjected by force and turned into slaves.

paragraph: He studied in his hometown and became a professor at the "University of Salamanca" and "Valladolid". He served as College of San Bartolome, President of the Mesta during the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella, judge of Valladolid, Minister of Council of India and Ambassador to Rome.

paragraph: In 1494 he was awarded the chair of premium charges at the University of Valladolid, exercising judicial functions in the chancery of the same city. Later follow the career system and reach the offices of the Royal Council member and president of the Royal Council of the Mesta (founded in 1273 by Alfonso X the Wise).

paragraph: As a member of the Council of Castile from 1504, by appointment of the Catholic Monarchs, he was one of the drafters of the Laws of Toro (enacted in 1505), one of the main proponents of the issue of the Righteous Domain Titles of Castile on Indies. Specifically, in his "Oceanis Insulis Libellus" of legal reasoning makes a conscientious about the legitimacy of Spanish sovereignty in the American territories.

paragraph: Among his works are also found military writings, most notably the Treaty of heroic war effort (Salamanca, 1524), the only work he wrote in Castilian with a distinctly political tone.

description: Spanish jurist

wikidata_label: Juan López de Palacios Rubios

wikipedia_title: Juan López de Palacios Rubios


text: John III

text: John I of Mecklenburg-Stargard

text: John IV

text: Lorenz of Werle

text: John VI of Werle-Waren

text: Biographical information on Nicholas

categories: 14th-century births,House of Mecklenburg,1354 deaths,Lords of Werle

paragraph: Nicholas IV of Werle

paragraph: Nicholas IV, Lord of Werle[-Goldberg], nicknamed "Poogenoge" ("Pig's eyes") (born: before 1331; died: between 14 March and 13 November 1354) was from 1350 to 1354 to Lord of Werle-Goldberg.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was the son of John III and Matilda of Pomerania (born: before 1319, died: 1331). He allegedly received his nickname from the shape and the look in his eyes.

paragraph: He initially ruled the dominion Werle-Goldberg jointly with his father John III and from 1350 alone. He still signed a peace treaty on 14 March 1354, but is no longer mentioned after 13 November of that year.

paragraph: He was married to Agnes (died after 1361). Presumably, she was a daughter of daughter of Ulrich II of Lindow-Ruppin. After Nicholas' death, she married John I of Mecklenburg-Stargard.

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: Nicholas had at least three children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- John IV succeeded him as Lord of Werle-Goldberg

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matilda (died: before 17 December 1402) married Lorenz of Werle

paragraph: BULLET::::- Agnes married John VI of Werle-Waren

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Genealogical table of the House of Mecklenburg

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biographical information on Nicholas at emecklenburg.de

description: Lord of Werle-Goldberg

wikidata_label: Nicholas IV of Werle

wikipedia_title: Nicholas IV of Werle


text: Spanish

categories: 1558 births,1636 deaths,People from the Province of Cuenca,Spanish humanists

paragraph: Luis Tribaldos de Toledo

paragraph: Luis Tribaldos de Toledo (1558–1636) was a Spanish humanist, geographer and historian.

description: Spanish humanist

wikidata_label: Luis Tribaldos de Toledo

wikipedia_title: Luis Tribaldos de Toledo


text: Japanese woodcuts

text: aesthetic

text: Oscar Wilde

text: James A. McNeill Whistler

text: Art Nouveau

text: poster

text: tuberculosis

text: Major

text: breach of promise

text: Mabel

text: architect

text: Sir Edward Burne-Jones

text: Pierre Puvis de Chavannes

text: Westminster School of Art

text: Fred Brown

text: Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec

text: Le Morte d'Arthur

text: Thomas Malory

text: J. M. Dent and Company

text: The Yellow Book

text: Henry Harland

text: Aestheticism

text: Decadence

text: Symbolism

text: Art Nouveau

text: shunga

text: mythology

text: Aristophanes

text: Lysistrata

text: Oscar Wilde

text: Salome

text: The Rape of the Lock

text: Alexander Pope

text: Thomas Malory

text: Le Morte d'Arthur

text: The Studio

text: The Savoy

text: Under the Hill

text: Tannhäuser

text: caricaturist

text: decadence

text: Poster art

text: Papé

text: Clarke

text: Victoria and Albert Museum

text: morning coat

text: court shoes

text: homosexual

text: Catholicism

text: Leonard Smithers

text: Herbert Charles Pollitt

text: French

text: BBC

text: John Selwyn Gilbert

text: John Dicks

text: The Beatles

text: Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band

text: Art Nouveau

text: Harry Clarke

text: Aubrey Beardsley Collection

text: Harry Ransom Center

text: University of Texas at Austin

categories: 19th-century illustrators of fairy tales,Alumni of the Westminster School of Art,1872 births,Converts to Roman Catholicism from Anglicanism,People educated at Brighton, Hove and Sussex Grammar School,19th-century deaths from tuberculosis,Art Nouveau illustrators,Infectious disease deaths in France,British erotic artists,Obscenity controversies in art,English expatriates in France,English illustrators,English Roman Catholics,1898 deaths

paragraph: Aubrey Beardsley

paragraph: Aubrey Vincent Beardsley (21 August 187216 March 1898) was an English illustrator and author. His drawings in black ink, influenced by the style of Japanese woodcuts, emphasized the grotesque, the decadent, and the erotic. He was a leading figure in the aesthetic movement which also included Oscar Wilde and James A. McNeill Whistler. Beardsley's contribution to the development of the Art Nouveau and poster styles was significant, despite the brevity of his career before his early death from tuberculosis.

paragraph: Section::::Early life, education, and early career.

paragraph: Beardsley was born in Brighton, England, on 21 August 1872, and christened on 24 October 1872. His father, Vincent Paul Beardsley (1839–1909), was the son of a tradesman; Vincent had no trade himself, and relied on a private income from an inheritance that he received from his maternal grandfather when he was 21. Vincent's wife, Ellen Agnus Pitt (1846–1932), was the daughter of Surgeon-Major William Pitt of the Indian Army. The Pitts were a well-established and respected family in Brighton, and Beardsley's mother married a man of lesser social status than might have been expected. Soon after their wedding, Vincent was obliged to sell some of his property in order to settle a claim for his breach of promise from another woman who claimed that he had promised to marry her. At the time of his birth, Beardsley's family, which included his sister Mabel who was one year older, were living in Ellen's familial home at 12 Buckingham Road. The number of the house in Buckingham Road was 12, but the numbers were changed, and it is now 31.

paragraph: In 1883 his family settled in London, and in the following year he appeared in public as an "infant musical phenomenon", playing at several concerts with his sister. In January 1885 he began to attend Brighton, Hove and Sussex Grammar School, where he spent the next four years. His first poems, drawings, and cartoons appeared in print in "Past and Present", the school's magazine. In 1888 he obtained a post in an architect's office, and afterwards one in the Guardian Life and Fire Insurance Company. In 1891, under the advice of Sir Edward Burne-Jones and Pierre Puvis de Chavannes, he took up art as a profession. In 1892 he attended the classes at the Westminster School of Art, then under Professor Fred Brown.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: In 1892, Beardsley travelled to Paris, where he discovered the poster art of Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, and the Parisian fashion for Japanese prints, both of which would be major influences on his own style. Beardsley's first commission was "Le Morte d'Arthur" by Thomas Malory (1893), which he illustrated for the publishing house J. M. Dent and Company.

paragraph: His six years of major creative output can be divided into several periods, identified by the form of his signature. In the early period his work is mostly unsigned. During 1891 and 1892 he progressed to using his initials, "A.V.B." In mid-1892, the period of "Le Morte d'Arthur" and "The Bon Mots" he used a Japanese-influenced mark which became progressively more graceful, sometimes accompanied by "A.B." in block capitals.

paragraph: He co-founded "The Yellow Book" with American writer Henry Harland, and for the first four editions he served as Art Editor and produced the cover designs and many illustrations for the magazine. He was also closely aligned with Aestheticism, the British counterpart of Decadence and Symbolism. Most of his images are done in ink and feature large dark areas contrasted with large blank ones, and areas of fine detail contrasted with areas with none at all.

paragraph: Beardsley was the most controversial artist of the Art Nouveau era, renowned for his dark and perverse images and grotesque erotica, which were the main themes of his later work. His illustrations were in black and white, against a white background. Some of his drawings, inspired by Japanese shunga artwork, featured enormous genitalia. His most famous erotic illustrations concerned themes of history and mythology; these include his illustrations for a privately printed edition of Aristophanes' "Lysistrata", and his drawings for Oscar Wilde's play "Salome", which eventually premiered in Paris in 1896. Other major illustration projects included an 1896 edition of "The Rape of the Lock" by Alexander Pope.

paragraph: He also produced extensive illustrations for books and magazines (e.g. for a deluxe edition of Sir Thomas Malory's "Le Morte d'Arthur") and worked for magazines such as "The Studio" and "The Savoy", of which he was a co-founder. As a co-founder of The Savoy, Beardsley was able to pursue his writing as well as illustration, and a number of his writings, including "Under the Hill" (a story based on the Tannhäuser legend) and "The Ballad of a Barber" appeared in the magazine.

paragraph: Beardsley was a caricaturist and did some political cartoons, mirroring Wilde's irreverent wit in art. Beardsley's work reflected the decadence of his era and his influence was enormous, clearly visible in the work of the French Symbolists, the Poster art Movement of the 1890s and the work of many later-period Art Nouveau artists such as Papé and Clarke. Some alleged works of Beardsley's were published in a book titled "Fifty Drawings by Aubrey Beardsley, Selected From the Collection of Mr. H. S. Nicols". These were later discovered to be forgeries, distinguishable by their almost pornographic erotic elements, rather than Beardsley's somewhat subtler use of sexuality.

paragraph: Beardsley's work continued to cause controversy in Britain long after his death. During an exhibition of Beardsley's prints held at the Victoria and Albert Museum in London in 1966, a private gallery in London was raided by the police for exhibiting copies of the same prints on display at the museum, and the owner charged under obscenity laws.

paragraph: Section::::Private life.

paragraph: Beardsley was a public as well as private eccentric. He said, "I have one aim—the grotesque. If I am not grotesque I am nothing." Wilde said he had "a face like a silver hatchet, and grass green hair." Beardsley was meticulous about his attire: dove-grey suits, hats, ties, yellow gloves. He would appear at his publisher's in a morning coat and court shoes.

paragraph: Although Beardsley was associated with the homosexual clique that included Oscar Wilde and other English aesthetes, the details of his sexuality remain in question. Speculation about his sexuality includes rumours of an incestuous relationship with his elder sister, Mabel, who may have become pregnant by her brother and miscarried.

paragraph: During his entire career, Beardsley had recurrent attacks of tuberculosis. He suffered frequent lung haemorrhages and was often unable to work or leave his home.

paragraph: Beardsley converted to Roman Catholicism in March 1897. The next year, the last letter before his death was to his publisher, Leonard Smithers and close friend Herbert Charles Pollitt: Postmark: March 7 1898 | Jesus is our Lord and Judge | Dear Friend, I implore you to destroy "all" copies of "Lysistrata" and bad drawings … By all that is holy, "all" obscene drawings. | Aubrey Beardsley | In my death agony.Both men ignored Beardsley's wishes, and Smithers actually continued to sell reproductions as well as forgeries of Beardsley's work.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: In December 1896 Beardsley suffered a violent hemorrhage leaving him in precarious health. By April 1897, a month after his conversion to Roman Catholicism, his deteriorating health prompted a move to the French Riviera. There he died a year later on 16 March 1898 of tuberculosis at the Cosmopolitan Hotel in Menton, France, attended by his mother and sister. He was 25 years old. Following a Requiem Mass in Menton Cathedral the following day, his remains were interred in the Cimetiere du Trabuquet.

paragraph: Section::::Media portrayals.

paragraph: In the 1982 BBC "Playhouse" drama "Aubrey", written by John Selwyn Gilbert, Beardsley was portrayed by actor John Dicks. The drama concerned Beardsley's life from the time of Oscar Wilde's arrest in April 1895, which resulted in Beardsley losing his position at "The Yellow Book", to his death from tuberculosis in 1898. Beardsley is also featured on the cover of The Beatles' "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band".

paragraph: A BBC documentary, "Beardsley and his Work" was made in 1982.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Art Nouveau

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harry Clarke

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beardsley, Aubrey, Simon Wilson, and Linda Gertner Zatlin. 1998. "Aubrey Beardsley: a centenary tribute". Tokyo: Art Life Ltd.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beerbohm, Max. 1928. 'Aubrey Beardsley' in "A Variety of Things". New York, Knopf.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Benkovitz, Miriam J. 1980. "Aubrey Beardsley, an Account of his Life". New York, N.Y.: Putnam. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brophy, Brigid. 1969. "Black and White; a Portrait of Aubrey Beardsley". New York, N.Y.: Stein and Day.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Calloway, Stephen. 1998. "Aubrey Beardsley". New York, N.Y.: Harry N. Abrams. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dowson, Ernest. 1897. "The Pierrot of the Minute". Restored edition with Aubrey Beardsley's illustrations, CreateSpace, 2012. Bilingual illustrated edition with French translation by Philippe Baudry, CreateSpace, 2012.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fletcher, Ian. 1987. "Aubrey Beardsley". Boston, M.A.: Twayne Publishers. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ross, Robert 1909. "Aubrey Beardsley". London: John Lane.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Snodgrass, Chris. 1995. "Aubrey Beardsley: Dandy of the Grotesque". New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symons, Arthur. 1898. "Aubrey Beardsley". London: At the Sign of the Unicorn.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sturgis, Matthew. 1998. "Aubrey Beardsley: a biography". Woodstock, N.Y.: Overlook Press. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Weintraub, Stanley. 1967. "Beardsley: a biography." New York, N.Y.: Braziller.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zatlin, Linda G. 1997. "Beardsley, Japonisme, and the Perversion of the Victorian Ideal". Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zatlin, Linda G. 1990. "Aubrey Beardsley and Victorian Sexual Politics". Oxford: Oxford University Press. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zatlin, Linda G. 2007. “Aubrey Beardsley and the Shaping of Art Nouveau.” "Bound for the 1890s: Essays on Writing and Publishing in Honor of James G. Nelson". Ed. Jonathan Allison. Buckinghamshire: Rivendale Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zatlin, Linda G. “Wilde, Beardsley, and the Making of Salome.” Scholars Library, 2007; originally published in "The Journal of Victorian Culture" 5.2 (November 2000): 341-57.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zatlin, Linda G. 2006. “Aubrey Beardsley.” "Encyclopedia of Europe 1789-1914". Chicago: Gale Research.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- BBC Radio 4 Great Lives programme on Aubrey Beardsley - listen online: http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01pty45

paragraph: BULLET::::- Works displayed at Art Renewal Center website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aubrey Beardsley Collection at the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aubrey Beardsley Letter from the Mount Holyoke College Archives and Special Collections

alias:
Aubrey Vincent Beardsley
aubrey beardsley

description: English illustrator and author

enwikiquote_title: Aubrey Beardsley

wikidata_label: Aubrey Beardsley

wikipedia_title: Aubrey Beardsley