text:
Blessed
Japanese
Roman Catholic
kirishitan
daimyō
samurai
Sengoku period
baptized
coming-of-age
Manila
Servant of God
Pope Francis
Osaka
Angelo Amato
Takayama Tomoteru
Yamato Province
Roman Catholicism
baptized
coming-of-age celebration
coming-of-age
daimyō
Takatsuki, Osaka
Oda Nobunaga
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
Battle of Shizugatake
kirishitan
missionaries
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Nagasaki
Manila
Spanish
Jesuits
Filipinos
fever
Plaza Dilao
Paco
Manila
topknot
katana
Jesus Christ
University of Santo Tomas
Congregation for the Causes of Saints
Servant of God
Pope Benedict XVI
Positio
Rome
Angelo Amato
Pope Francis
NHK
Taiga drama
Gunshi Kanbei
Ikuta Tōma
Persecution of Christians in Japan
26 Martyrs of Japan
History of the Catholic Church in Japan
Caius of Korea
Samurai archives
Hagiography Circle
Takayama Ukon

categories: Converts to Roman Catholicism,Catholic Church in the Philippines,Beatifications by Pope Francis,Daimyo,Catholic Church in Japan,People from Ibaraki, Osaka,17th-century Japanese people,People of Spanish colonial Philippines,17th-century venerated Christians,17th-century Roman Catholics,1552 births,16th-century venerated Christians,Japan–Philippines relations,16th-century Roman Catholics,Japanese Roman Catholics,Japanese expatriates in the Philippines,1615 deaths,Japanese beatified people,16th-century Japanese people

paragraph: Dom Justo Takayama

paragraph: Blessed Iustus or Dom Justo Takayama (born Hikogorō Shigetomo) (1552 – 3 or 5 February 1615) was a Japanese Roman Catholic kirishitan daimyō and samurai who lived during the Sengoku period that witnessed anti-religious sentiment. Takayama had been baptized into the faith in 1564 when he was twelve, though over time neglected his faith due to his actions as a samurai. He would eventually rekindle his faith just after his coming-of-age ritual near the age of 20. He abandoned his status to devote himself to his faith and was exiled to Manila, where he lived a life of holiness until his death two months later.

paragraph: His cause for sainthood began when he was declared a Servant of God. Reports in 2014 indicated that he would be beatified sometime in 2015 but Pope Francis later approved it on 21 January 2016; the beatification celebration occurred on 7 February 2017 in Osaka with Cardinal Angelo Amato presiding over the beatification on the pope's behalf.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Hikogorō Shigetomo was born as the eldest (thus the heir) of six children to Takayama Tomoteru who was the lord of the Sawa Castle in the Yamato Province. He had one sister and two brothers. His name as a child was Hikogorō (彦五郎). In 1564 his father converted to Roman Catholicism and Hikogorō was baptized as Justo (or Iustus). After his coming-of-age celebration he was named as Shigetomo (重友). However he is better known as Takayama Ukon (高山右近).

paragraph: In 1571 he participated in an important and successful battle all as part of his coming-of-age ritual which culminated in a duel to the death with a compatriot whom he killed; but Ukon received grievous wounds in the process and during his convalescence realized he had cared little about the faith that had received him and had been imparted to him.

paragraph: He later married in 1574 and went on to have three sons (two died as infants) and one daughter. Justo and his father fought through the turbulent age to secure their position as a "daimyō" and managed to acquire the Takatsuki Castle (in Takatsuki, Osaka) under the warlord Oda Nobunaga and also under the daimyō Toyotomi Hideyoshi during his rule's earlier times, participating in the Battle of Shizugatake. During their domination of Takatsuki region he and his father pushed their policies as "kirishitan daimyōs". There were several of their subjects who converted to the faith under their guiding influence. However, in due course Hideyoshi became hostile towards the Christian faith and in 1587 ordered the expulsion of all missionaries and that all Christian "daimyōs" renounce their faith. While several daimyō obeyed this order and renounced Roman Catholicism it was he who proclaimed that he would not give up his faith and would rather give up his land and all that he owned.

paragraph: Ukon lived under the protection of his allies for several decades but in 1614 Tokugawa Ieyasu (the ruler at the time) prohibited the Christian faith which witnessed Ukon's expulsion from Japan. On 8 November 1614 – with 300 Japanese Christians – he left his home from Nagasaki. He arrived at Manila on 11 December 1614 where he received a warm welcome from the Spanish Jesuits and the local Filipinos. The governor Juan de Silva wished to provide him with an income to support him and his relations but he declined this offer since he said he was no longer in a position to offer his services in exchange for income but neither did he wish to act like a lord.

paragraph: The colonial government of Spanish Philippines offered to overthrow the Japanese Empire through an invasion of Japan in order to protect the Japanese Christians and place him into a position of great power and influence. Ukon declined to participate and was even opposed to the plan. He died of illness at midnight on 3 or 5 February 1615 just a mere 40 days after having arrived in Manila after having suffered from a violent fever. Upon his death the Spanish government gave him a Christian burial replete with full military honors befitting a daimyō. His remains were buried in the Jesuit church there and this made him the only daimyō to be buried on Philippine soil.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Statue in Plaza Dilao.

paragraph: At Plaza Dilao in Paco, Manila, the last vestige of the old town where around 3000 Japanese immigrants lived after the expulsion, a statue of Ukon stands depicting him in the traditional samurai garb and a topknot. He is holding a sheathed katana that is pointed downward upon which hangs a figure of a crucified Jesus Christ. The University of Santo Tomas also has a statue in honor of Ukon in front of the Thomas Aquinas Research Complex building.

paragraph: Section::::Beatification.

paragraph: His cause for sainthood started at a diocesan level which resulted in the validation of the process on 10 June 1994 after the Congregation for the Causes of Saints were given all the boxes of documentation pertaining to the cause. The commencement to the cause saw him titled as a Servant of God. There had been failed attempts to start the cause in the past. The first attempt came in 1630 when the Manila priests decided to commence it but this failed due to the isolationist Japanese policies which prevented the collection of the documentation that was needed; the petition was presented but was rejected. The second attempt in 1965 failed due to several errors being made. In October 2012, a letter was presented to Pope Benedict XVI asking for the cause to be re-examined.

paragraph: The Positio dossier was submitted in 2013 to the competent authorities in Rome for further assessment. According to Cardinal Angelo Amato, the beatification would have occurred in 2015 on 21 October 2014 to Japanese pilgrims; 2015 marked four centuries after his death but the formal beatification did not occur since it was close to completion at that stage. His cause was to meant to confirm - in a rather unorthodox case - that Ukon was a martyr because of the treatment he received and because he renounced all he had to pursue and profess his faith.

paragraph: Historical consultants met to discuss the cause on 10 December 2013 while the theologians likewise met on 20 May 2014 to discuss and then vote on the cause. The cardinals and bishop members of the C.C.S. met on 18 June 2015 to make a final decision on the cause before could go to Pope Francis for his approval though had to meet again on 12 January 2016. Pope Francis – on 21 January 2016 – approved Ukon's beatification; it was celebrated in Osaka on 7 February 2017 with Cardinal Amato presiding on the pope's behalf.

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: In NHK's Taiga drama (an annual historical television series) for 2014, "Gunshi Kanbei", Ikuta Tōma assumed the role of Takayama.

paragraph: In 2016, there was a documentary about Takayama Ukon's life entitled "Ukon il samurai" that was released.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Persecution of Christians in Japan

paragraph: BULLET::::- 26 Martyrs of Japan

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of the Catholic Church in Japan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Caius of Korea

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Samurai archives

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hagiography Circle

paragraph: BULLET::::- Takayama Ukon

description: daimyo

wikidata_label: Dom Justo Takayama

wikipedia_title: Dom Justo Takayama


text:
Native Hawaiian
Kingdom of Hawaii
Kohala
Kamehameha I
American missionaries
Hawaiians
Lahainaluna Seminary
Lorrin Andrews
Sheldon Dibble
David Malo
John Papa ʻĪʻī
Samuel Kamakau
Haiku, Maui
Lāʻieikawai
Ka Nupepa Kuokoa
Native Hawaiian
Martha Warren Beckwith
Hawaiian Historical Society
ʻEwa
Pacific Commercial Advertiser

categories: Lahainaluna School alumni,People from Maui,Historians of Hawaii,Native Hawaiian people,1866 deaths,Hawaiian literature,Writers from Hawaii,Kingdom of Hawaii Protestants,1819 births

paragraph: S. N. Haleʻole

paragraph: S. N. Haleʻole ( – October 22, 1866) was a leading Native Hawaiian writer and historian of the Kingdom of Hawaii. He is noted for authoring "The Hawaiian Romance of Laieikawai", the first fictional work of literature produced by a Native Hawaiian.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Haleʻole was born around 1819 in Kohala during the time of King Kamehameha I's death and before the arrival of the American missionaries who arrived in Hawaii in 1820. He was one of the first generation of Hawaiians to receive a Western education by the American missionaries. In 1834, he began his education at Lahainaluna Seminary and graduated after four years in 1838. Taught by Lorrin Andrews and Sheldon Dibble, Haleʻole developed a strong interest in the ancient history of his people. Some of his classmates included early Hawaiian historians David Malo, John Papa ʻĪʻī and Samuel Kamakau.

paragraph: After graduating from Lahainaluna, he became a teacher. According to the Lahainaluna rosters, he was working as a teacher in Haiku, Maui in the year 1858. He also later became an editor.

paragraph: In the early 1860s, Haleʻole began writing "Ke Kaao o Laieikawai" (later translated as "The Hawaiian Romance of Laieikawai"), based on a traditional "kaʻao" about the princess Lāʻieikawai, a narrative rehearsed in prose and interspersed with songs handed down orally by ancient Hawaiian storytellers. It was first printed as a serial in the Hawaiian newspaper "Ka Nupepa Kuokoa" and later published in 1863 as a book. It was the first fictional work of literature produced by a Native Hawaiian. After his death, it was revised in 1885 and translated by Martha Warren Beckwith in 1918. Beckwith stated:

paragraph: The romance of Laieikawai therefore remains the sole piece of Hawaiian imaginative writing to reach book form. Not only this, but it represents the single composition of a Polynesian mind working upon the material of an old legend and eager to create a genuine national literature. As such it claims a kind of classic interest.

paragraph: Haleʻole also wrote extensively on Hawaiian culture and history. A member of the first Hawaiian Historical Society, a precursor to the modern institution, he was writing a history of the life of Kamehameha I before his death. Many of his works were later used by Kamakau.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: On October 22, 1866, Haleʻole died suddenly at ʻEwa. An obituary in the "Pacific Commercial Advertiser" noted: "For a Hawaiian, he possessed rare literary talent, and the story of Laieikawai. one of the ancient Hawaiian princesses, will long remain a fit monument of his genius."

wikidata_label: S. N. Haleʻole

wikipedia_title: S. N. Haleʻole


text: Dorat

text: opéra comique

text: Catullus

text: Tibullus

text: Gallus

text: opéra lyrique

text: Grétry

text: Encyclopédie

text: Diderot

text: D'Alembert

text: Ferdinand Hoefer

text: André Grétry

text: Jean-Nicolas Dufort de Cheverny

text: Saint-Albin Berville

text: Data.bnf.fr

categories: French opera librettists,18th-century French writers,Contributors to the Encyclopédie (1751–72),18th-century male writers,1741 births,People from Versailles,18th-century French military personnel,18th-century French poets,French Army officers

paragraph: Alexandre-Frédéric-Jacques Masson, marquis de Pezay, (27 April 1741 – 6 December 1777) was an 18th-century French soldier, courtesan and man of letters.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1768: "Zélis au bain", Paris, 1763, 1766, in-8. This poem, in four books, was written with enough natural but in a too free tone; the author, who worked ceaselessly his works, reworked it, changed the outcome and added two songs ("la Nouvelle Zélis au bain", Geneva, in-8).

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1764: "Le Pot-pourri, épître à qui on voudra", Paris, Sébastien Jorry.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1764: "Lettre d'Alcibiade à Glicère", Paris, Sébastien Jorry, in-12.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1767: "Lettre d'Ovide à Julie", in-8.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1767: "Suite des Bagatelles anonymes (by Dorat)", Paris, in-8.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1770: "La Closière ou le Vin nouveau", opéra comique, Paris, in-8.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1771: "Éloge de Fénelon", Paris, in-8.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1771: "Les Soirées helvétiennes, alsaciennes et franc-comtoises", Paris, in-8; London, 1772, 2 vol. in-12.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1771: "Les Tableaux", followed by "Histoire de Mlle de Syanne et du comte de Marcy", Paris, in-8;

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1771: "Traduction en prose de Catullus, Tibullus and Gallus", Paris, 1771, 1794, 2 vol. in-8 et in-12.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1773: "La Rosière de Salenci", opéra lyrique, Paris, in-8. The music by Grétry made the success of this work.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1775: "Histoire des campagnes de Maillebois en Italie en 1745 et 1746", Paris, 3 vol. in-4 and atlas.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1775: "Journal militaire ou relation détaillée des campagnes de M. le maréchal de Maillebois en Italie: précédé et suivi d'un précis historique de cette guerre".

paragraph: A selection of his "Œuvres" was published (Liège, 1791, 2 vol. in-12), preceded by a historical and literary note. Masson de Pezay also contributed articles to the "Encyclopédie" by Diderot and D'Alembert.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ferdinand Hoefer, "Nouvelle Biographie générale", t. 39, Paris, Firmin-Didot, 1862, p. 790-1.

paragraph: BULLET::::- André Grétry, "Notice sur Pezay", in "La rosière de Salenci, pastorale en trois actes".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean-Nicolas Dufort de Cheverny, "Mémoires sur les règnes de Louis XV et Louis XVI et sur la Révolution", Paris, Plon, Nourrit et Cie, 1886.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mémoires de Louis XVIII recueillis et mis en ordre par M. le duc de D****", 1832-1833, (2 t.).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mémoires du duc de Lauzun et du comte de Tilly", 1862.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Saint-Albin Berville, François Barrière, "Collection des mémoires relatifs à la révolution française", 1827.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pierre-Marie-Michel Lepeintre-Desroches, "Suite du Répertoire du Théâtre Français: avec un choix des pièces de plusieurs autres théâtres, vol. 30", 1823.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rodolphe Reuss, "Le Marquis de Pezay: un touriste parisien en Alsace au XVIIIe", 1876.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Michaud, "Biographie universelle ancienne et moderne ou Histoire, par ordre alphabétique, de la vie publique et privée de tous les hommes qui se sont fait remarquer par leurs écrits, leurs actions, leurs talents, leurs vertus ou leurs crimes: PARM-PF", 1823.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bibliothèque Dauphinoise, "Alexandre-Frédéric-Jacques Masson, marquis de Pezay" (biographie)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexandre-Frédéric-Jacques Masson de Pezay on Data.bnf.fr

alias: Alexandre Frederic Jacques de Masson Pezay

description: French poet, librettist and writer

wikidata_label: Alexandre Frédéric Jacques de Masson Pezay


text: Guwahati

text: Padma Shri

text: Arup Kumar Dutta was

text: Jorhat

text: Assam

text: The Lawrence School, Sanawar

text: Senior Cambridge Examination

text: (Enid) Blyton

text: Anita Desai

text: Ruskin Bond

text: Padma Shri

text: D.Litt

text: Dibrugarh University

categories: 20th-century Indian novelists,Writers from Guwahati,Journalists from Assam,1946 births,20th-century Indian journalists,Novelists from Assam,Living people

paragraph: Arup Kumar Dutta

paragraph: Arup Kumar Dutta is an Indian writer and journalist based out of Guwahati in Assam. He has written 16 books for adults and 17 adventure novels for young people . In 2014 he was awarded the Life Time Achievement Honour by Association of Writers and Illustrators for Children, New Delhi, the Indian chapter of the International Board of Books for Young People. He has also won numerous awards including the Shankar's Award in 1979, conferred to mark The International Year of the Child. He has been awarded the civilian award Padma Shri by Government of India in 2018.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Arup Kumar Dutta was born on 2 July 1946 to Girish and Indira Dutta. He spent his early life in Jorhat, in the tea-growing Indian state of Assam. At the age of eight, he was admitted to The Lawrence School, Sanawar in Himachal Pradesh, from where he passed his Senior Cambridge Examination in 1962. After school, Dutta joined Ramjas College under the University of Delhi from where he completed his bachelor of arts in English Literature in 1966. He went on to finish his post-graduation in English Literature from the University of Delhi in 1969.

paragraph: Dutta then returned to Assam to teach English at J.B.College, in Jorhat. Along with teaching, he also started his journalistic career writing freelance satirical columns and short stories for numerous Indian magazines and newspapers. In the course of few years he established himself as journalist of repute at the national level. His writings featured in journals such as The Illustrated Weekly of India, Caravan, Femina, JS, Eve's Weekly etc. He was a prominent writer in the famous Indian satirical magazine, Shankar's Weekly.

paragraph: Section::::Books for adults.

paragraph: Dutta has so far authored 16 books for adults, 13 of which are non-fiction while three are fiction.

paragraph: His non-fiction books are based on a diverse range of subjects like "The Brahmaputra" published in 2001 by the National Book Trust; "Cha Garam: The Tea Story" revised and reprinted in 2013 by Orchid Publications; "Unicornis: The Great Indian Rhinoceros" published in 2001 by Konark; and "The Roving Ministrel" a biography on musician, singer and filmmaker Bhupen Hazarika, published by Rupa Publications in 2002.

paragraph: "Anagarika's Swansong" published in 2009 is a fictional novel by Dutta. "Anagarika's Swansong" is a satiric takeoff on the novel genre. This anti-novel debunks all the conventional elements that a novelist would otherwise employ, including a linear narrative, structural integrity, naturalistic characterization, emotional or situational conflict et al.

paragraph: "Anagarika" in Sanskrit is one who renounces society and materialism in search of truth. In the book the author alludes to Prince Siddhartha who gave up his princely life to seek out in search for existential truths and to transform into Gautama Buddha, the enlightened one. The protagonist of "The Anagarika's Swansong", is nameless and undertakes journey similar to that of Prince Siddhartha in the modern age to find the meaning of existence. However, because of his inferior intellect and he lives in Kaliyuga or "the era of untruth", he first lands up in to a local lunatic asylum, but finally stumbles into "poor man's enlightenment"!

paragraph: "The Ahoms" published in 2016 is a historical fiction the delineates setting up of the Ahom Dynasty that ruled a large piece of Northeast India including all of present-day Assam. In 1228 A.D. an event occurred in the northeastern region of India, which not only changed the destiny of the Brahmaputra Valley and the surrounding mountains, but also of South East Asia. A group of Shan or Tai warriors, led by a brave leader named Sukapha, having left its original home in the Shan country in Myanmar, entered Upper Assam and set up the nucleus of what was later to become the powerful Ahom Empire. From the time Sukapha entered this region till it was annexed by the British in 1826, for nearly six centuries, his descendants reigned over a greater part of the Brahmaputra valley. Few dynasties in the world, let alone Asia, had enjoyed such a long period of almost unbroken rule. It was primarily due to the Ahom dynasty that the pre-colonial Assamese nation was born. Its reign witnessed the synthesis of the disparate tribes inhabiting the Brahmaputra Valley and the evolution of a distinct Assamese language, culture and nationalist identity. The Ahom Dynasty was one of the greatest political entities in medieval Asia, equal if not greater than the more well known counterparts in China or Japan. Its history is replete with tales of war, bravery, brutality, love, loyalty, treachery and treason. This book, The Ahoms, seeks to imaginatively acquaint readers with the saga of this fascinating dynasty and provide a glimpse of the major events during its six hundred year rule.

paragraph: "Red Camellia Green" published in 2016 is Mr Dutta's second fictional novel. Henry David Esscombe, a pioneer tea planter, comes to Assam in the latter half of the 1850s and opens out the Dhanboa Tea Garden. However, the unhealthy Assam environment takes its toll and, gravely ill,he summons his son David to take over the plantation. His daughter, Cordelia, desperate to see her dear papa again, accompanies her brother to Assam. As the brother-sister duo struggle to adapt to the changed circumstances, a host of individuals, including the phlegmatic Michael Bailin, the devilishly charming Christopher James Buckingham, the self-confessed anarchist Reverend Garry Swanson, the Assamese nobleman Gokuldeva Barua, the defiant conscripted tea workers Bircha and Meghu and a host of others,intrude into their lives. Against a backdrop of tea plantation life in the 1860s and the barbarous conditions whereby migrant workers were lured and enslaved, a chain of events unfold in this epical novel, leading to an unexpected, explosive climax which turns red the green leaves of Camellia.

paragraph: Section::::Books for young people.

paragraph: Arup Kumar Dutta is one of the best known Indian writers for young people. The Illustrated Weekly of India called him 'India's own (Enid) Blyton'. He has 17 such novels to his credit. During the 1980s when children in India had only access to western adventure novels, Dutta was credited to creating a new genre of gripping fiction set in India.

paragraph: Section::::Kaziranga Trail.

paragraph: In 1978, Dutta's first work of young adult fiction, a conservation oriented novel titled "The Kaziranga Trail", won the first prize in an international competition conducted by Children's Book Trust, New Delhi. Acclaimed as one of the classics in Indian children's literature, at par with Anita Desai's "The Village by the Sea" and Ruskin Bond's "Adventures of Rusty", this book not only proved to be an all time bestseller, but also won for the author the prestigious Shankar's Award in 1979, conferred to mark the International Year of the Child. It was made into a feature film, titled "Rhino", by the Children's Film Society of India. The Kaziranga Trail has been translated into a number of Indian languages. The foreign language translations include German, Japanese, Russian, Hungarian and Czech. It has been made in to Braille in Japan. It is amongst one of the three Indian entries in the New York Publication "1001 Children's Books You Must Read Before You Grow Up" edited by Julia Eccleshare. "The Kaziranga Trail" is featured in the "Literature of the World Series" brought out by the Japanese newspaper Asahi Shimbun on 2 October 2001, along with books of Satyajit Ray and Ruskin Bond.

paragraph: Section::::"The Blind Witness".

paragraph: This book published by the Children's Book Trust in 1983 is another award-winning thriller. "The Blind Witness" was made into a Hindi feature film titled Netraheen Sakshi by the Children's Film Society of India. Among the languages it has been translated to are Russian and Japanese, while it has been converted to Braille for blind readers in Japan.

paragraph: Section::::Books by the author (fiction).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kaziranga Trail (1978)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Trouble at Kolongijan (1982)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Blind Witness (1983)

paragraph: BULLET::::- A Story about Tea (1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Lure of Zangrila (1986)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Revenge (1986)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Smack (1990)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Save the Pool (1990)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oh Dear (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Crystal Cave (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Footprints in the Sand (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Counterfeit Treasure (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Adventure Stories Golden Set (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Boy Who Became King (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Anagarika's Swansong (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Adventure Omnibus (2014)

paragraph: Section::::Books by the author (non-fiction).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Unicornis (1991)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cha Garam, The Tea Story (1991)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nature Quiz Book (1991)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Khongiya Barua's of Thengal (1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hammer Blow (1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Indian Railways, The Final Frontier (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Roving Minstrel (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jyoti Prasad, Prince of Beauty (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pothorughat (2010)

paragraph: Section::::Awards and recognition.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Children's book prizes from Children's Book Trust for Kaziranga Trail (1978); Trouble at Kolongijan (1982); The Blind Witness (1983); Smack (1990)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shankar's Award in 1979, conferred to mark The International Year of the Child

paragraph: BULLET::::- Journalist Welfare Foundation, New Delhi Award in 1982

paragraph: BULLET::::- NCERT book of the year for Revenge 1987

paragraph: BULLET::::- Siva Prasad Barooah National Award for Journalism 2004

paragraph: BULLET::::- Life Time Achievement Honour by Association of Writers and Illustrators for Children, New Delhi, the Indian chapter of the International Board of Books for Young People (IBBY), 2014

paragraph: BULLET::::- Padma Shri by Government of India for his contribution to literature and education, 2018

paragraph: BULLET::::- D.Litt degree (honoris causa) by Dibrugarh University, 2018

description: Indian writer and journalist

wikidata_label: Arup Kumar Dutta

wikipedia_title: Arup Kumar Dutta


text:
Church of Scotland
Gaelic
Argyll
Lismore
Glasgow University
Norman MacLeod
Acharacle
Duirinish
New Statistical Account of Scotland
Kilmallie
Argyll
Disruption of 1843
Free Church of Scotland
potato famine
Norman MacLeod
John Cameron of Fassiefern
The Duke of Wellington
Quatre Bras
The Battle of Waterloo
Ossian
Alexander Carmichael
Corpach
Fort William
University of the Highlands and Islands

paragraph: Archibald Clerk

paragraph: Archibald Clerk (1813–87) was a minister of the established Church of Scotland and one of the leading Gaelic scholars of the Victorian era.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Archibald Clerk was the elder son of Duncan Clerk, a farmer on the Argyll island of Lismore and his wife Margaret Carmichael. Admitted to Glasgow University at the age of 13, Clerk studied the Classics and was licensed as a minister in 1835, aged 22.

paragraph: He became Assistant Minister at St Columba’s Kirk in Glasgow under the guidance of The Rev Norman MacLeod (1783-1862) otherwise known as Caraid nan Gaidheal, a leading member of the Gaelic intelligencia. Clerk married MacLeod’s daughter, Jessie, in 1840 and together they had eleven children.

paragraph: He became Minister of Acharacle before moving to Duirinish on the Island of Skye in 1840 where he wrote that parish’s entry in the New Statistical Account of Scotland of 1845.

paragraph: In 1844 Clerk was called to what was then the biggest parish in Scotland, the Parish of Kilmallie, then partly in Argyll and partly in Inverness-shire. The previous minister, Thomas Davidson, had come out of the established church during the Disruption of 1843 and taken two thirds of the congregation with him to the Free Church of Scotland. Clerk inherited a situation where bitterness over the religious arguments was exacerbated by hostility to the heritors, or landlords, over evictions of highland peasants from their landholdings. An ecclesiastical moderate and a conciliator by nature, Clerk worked hard in the following forty-three years to build bridges and ameliorate ill feelings.

paragraph: During the potato famine that afflicted the Highlands on the late 1840s Clerk collaborated with his father-in-law, the Rev Norman MacLeod in famine relief schemes.

paragraph: Clerk edited “Fear-tathaich nam Beann”, the Gaelic supplement of the Church of Scotland’s magazine, “Life and Work”. In 1855 he published a "Memoir of Colonel John Cameron of Fassiefern", an important commander in The Duke of Wellington’s army, killed at Quatre Bras on the eve of The Battle of Waterloo. He worked with Dr T. MacLachlan to publish a corrected version of the Gaelic bible in 1880. As minister of Kilmallie he ensured that Gaelic teaching took place in the schools under his supervision. He edited the poems of Ossian in Gaelic with a translation into English (1870) and was awarded an honorary LL.D by Glasgow University.Alexander Carmichael collected Ossianic fragments for Clerk. Both men, but especially Clerk, believed in the authenticity of MacPherson's "Ossian"

paragraph: Clerk died in 1887 and is buried in Kilmallie churchyard in Corpach near Fort William. There is a memorial stained glass window by to him in Kilmallie Church. Jessie, his wife, died in 1897 and is buried beside him. His diaries are now held in the Lochaber Archive, Lochaber College, University of the Highlands and Islands.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- sources

description: Scottish minister and Gaelic scholar

wikidata_label: Archibald Clerk

wikipedia_title: Archibald Clerk


text:
Russian
Moscow
Baden
Russia
Constitutional Democratic Party
Freemasonry
Nikolay Maklakov
ophthalmology
Paul Vinogradoff
Moscow University
Leo Tolstoy
Tolstoyan
Menahem Mendel Beilis
ritual murder
a moderate reform group
Constitutional Democratic Party
Paul Miliukov
State Duma
Yevno Azef
Progressive Bloc
Fourth Duma
Grigory Rasputin
Vladimir Purishkevich
Felix Yusupov
February Revolution
Provisional Government
Alexander Kerensky
Constituent Assembly
Alexander Izvolsky
Bolshevik
Okhrana
Stanford University
Clemenceau
Crimea
Pyotr Wrangel
White Russian
Charles de Gaulle
Gestapo
World War II
French Resistance
List of Russian legal historians
Russian legal history

categories: Russian liberals,1957 deaths,People from Moscow,Members of the State Duma (Russian Empire),White movement people,Russian Constituent Assembly members,1869 births,Russian lawyers,Russian Constitutional Democratic Party members

paragraph: Vasily Maklakov

paragraph: Vasily Alekseyevich Maklakov (Russian: Васи́лий Алексе́евич Маклако́в; , Moscow – July 15, 1957, Baden) was a Russian trial lawyer and liberal parliamentary orator, one of the leaders of the Constitutional Democratic Party and Russian Freemasonry, notable for his advocacy of a constitutional Russian state. His brother Nikolay Maklakov served as Russia's Interior Minister from 16 December 1912 – 5 June 1915.

paragraph: Section::::Imperial Russia.

paragraph: Maklakov was the son of a Moscow ophthalmology professor. He studied with Sir Paul Vinogradoff towards Ph.D. in History at Moscow University; his thesis was dedicated to the political institutions of ancient Athens. The student was impressed by French political life during a visit to Paris in 1889 and spent most of his career attempting to establish a similar system in Russia.

paragraph: Entering the bar in 1895, Maklakov expressed his admiration for the teachings of Leo Tolstoy and, at the novelist's urging, undertook the defence of the Tolstoyans persecuted by the government. He later authored a book about Tolstoy. Maklakov gradually made a name for himself as a brilliant orator with "a profound veneration for legal form". A high point of his legal career was the defence of Menahem Mendel Beilis, a Jew wrongfully accused of ritual murder of an Orthodox child in 1913.

paragraph: Maklakov joined a moderate reform group in 1904 and played an active part in the organization of the Constitutional Democratic Party two years later, serving on its central committee. The most conservative of the Kadet leaders, Maklakov was anxious to preserve the party's unity, which appeared fragile in the face of his many ideological clashes with Paul Miliukov, reputed for his intransigent liberal individualism.

paragraph: Maklakov was elected by the Muscovites to the Second State Duma in 1907 and served in the subsequent Dumas until the Revolution of 1917. In such memorable addresses as that delivered on the Yevno Azef affair, he tended toward conservatism, opposing alliances with revolutionaries. But he grew hostile to the government as the years passed and actively supported the Progressive Bloc, a coalition of liberal parties in the Fourth Duma that called for sweeping reforms.

paragraph: In September 1915 Maklakov published his most famous article, describing Russia as a vehicle with no brakes, driven along a narrow mountain path by a "mad chauffeur", a reference to either the Tsar or Grigory Rasputin. The extent of his involvement in the murder of the "mad monk" is a matter of keen debate. One of the participants in the assassination, Vladimir Purishkevich, claimed that it was Maklakov who supplied Prince Felix Yusupov with poison to murder Rasputin , but he himself denied it.

paragraph: Following the February Revolution of 1917, Maklakov aspired to take the office of Minister of Justice in the Provisional Government. After the post went to another professional lawyer, Alexander Kerensky, Maklakov was put in charge of the government's "legal commission". He was heavily involved in the preparation of the elections of the Constituent Assembly, of which he was later elected a member.

paragraph: Section::::France.

paragraph: In October 1917, Maklakov was appointed to replace Alexander Izvolsky as Ambassador to France. When he arrived in Paris, Maklakov learned about the takeover by the Bolsheviks. Regardless, he continued to occupy the splendid mansion of the Russian embassy for seven years, until France found it necessary to recognize the Bolshevik government. Among other things, he took hold of the Okhrana archives stored at the embassy and arranged their transfer to the Stanford University. During this term, he was viewed by French authorities "as an ambassador who had not yet been accredited". There was considerable ambiguity in this position. For instance, once he received a letter from Premier Clemenceau addressed to "Son Excellence Monsieur Maklakoff, Ambassade de Russie", with the lightly erased letters "ur" at the end of "Ambassade". Once he compared himself to "a magazine that one puts on a seat to show that it is occupied".

paragraph: In September 1920 Maklakov visited the Crimea to meet Pyotr Wrangel and other White Russian leaders. This was his last visit to Russia. Later he assumed control of a network of "offices Russes" that certified marriages and births of Russian émigrés throughout France and performed other work normally undertaken by the consulates. Despite encroaching deafness, Maklakov remained at the helm of the Russian Emigration Office (eventually subsumed into the structure of Charles de Gaulle's government) until his death at the age of 88. His front-rank reputation and talent for mediation allowed Maklakov (rather than the better known but controversial figures like Kerensky and Miliukov) to manoeuvre between the many warring factions that made up the Russian émigré community and to represent their interests in dealing with the French government. He also wrote several books on the history of social thought and the Russian liberal movement.

paragraph: In April 1941, Maklakov was arrested by the Gestapo and spent several months in jail without trial. Throughout World War II, he kept in touch with the French Resistance movement. In February 1945, Maklakov and several surviving members of the Provisional Government visited the Soviet embassy to express their pride and gratitude for the war effort of the Russian people. The move created quite a stir among the emigrants, especially after it transpired that Maklakov and others had drunk a toast "to the motherland, to the Red Army, to Stalin".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hamza, Gabor, Some Remarks on the Educational Background and Political Career of Alexander Fjodorovits Kerensky in (Tzarist) Russia. Polgari Szemle 11 (2015) 394-397. pp.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hamza, Gabor, Survey on the oeuvre of Vasilij Aleksejevic Maklakov (1869-1957), the Statesman, Diplomat and Scholar of Classical Antiquity. Jogelmeleti Szemle 2016/4. http://jesz.ajk.elte.hu/2016_4.pdf

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Russian legal historians

paragraph: BULLET::::- Russian legal history

description: Russian lawyer

wikidata_label: Vasily Maklakov

wikipedia_title: Vasily Maklakov


text: ENIAC

text: University of Pennsylvania

text: ballistics trajectories

text: programming

text: BINAC

text: UNIVAC

text: Gentry County, Missouri

text: Alanthus Grove

text: Alanthus

text: one-room school

text: softball

text: Northwest Missouri State University

text: University of Pennsylvania

text: Northwest Missouri State University

text: human computer

text: IBM

text: University of Pennsylvania

text: Aberdeen Proving Ground

text: ballistics

text: trajectories

text: Jean Jennings Bartik

text: Betty Holberton

text: Marlyn Wescoff

text: Kathleen McNulty

text: Ruth Teitelbaum

text: Frances Spence

text: Betty Holberton

text: subroutine

text: nesting

text: Los Alamos

text: Betty Holberton

text: Mark I

text: Mauchly

text: Eckert

text: John Von Neumann

text: Dick Clippinger

text: Adele Goldstine

text: 60-order Code

text: John Eckert

text: John Mauchly

text: BINAC

text: UNIVAC I

text: magnetic tape

text: punch cards

text: Northrop Aircraft

text: logic circuits

text: Betty Holberton

text: SORT/MERGE

text: Eckert-Mauchly Corporation

text: Remington Rand

text: John Mauchly

text: Tom Petzinger

text: Wall Street Journal

text: ENIAC Programmers Project

text: University of Pennsylvania

text: Auerbach Corporation

text: minicomputer

text: Kathleen Antonelli

text: John Mauchly

text: Jean Jennings Bartik Computing Museum

text: Northwest Missouri State University

text: Computer History Museum's

text: Linus Torvalds

text: Robert Metcalf

text: Truman State Press

text: congestive heart failure

text: Poughkeepsie, New York

text: Women in Technology International

text: Hall of Fame

text: Computer History Museum

text: IEEE Computer Pioneer Award

text: IEEE Computer Society

text: Northwest Missouri State University

text: Maryville, Missouri

text: Adele Goldstine

text: Betty Holberton

text: Frances Spence

text: Ruth Teitelbaum

text: Marlyn Wescoff

text: Kathleen Antonelli

text: List of pioneers in computer science

text: Timeline of women in science

text: ENIAC Programmers documentary

text: Charles Babbage Institute

categories: Women mathematicians,Disease-related deaths in New York (state),20th-century women scientists,Women computer scientists,1924 births,University of Pennsylvania alumni,Northwest Missouri State University alumni,People from Gentry County, Missouri,2011 deaths,American computer programmers

paragraph: Jean Bartik

paragraph: Jean Jennings Bartik (December 27, 1924 – March 23, 2011) was one of the original programmers for the ENIAC computer.

paragraph: Bartik studied mathematics in school then began work at the University of Pennsylvania, first manually calculating ballistics trajectories and then using ENIAC to do so. Bartik and her colleagues developed and codified many of the fundamentals of programming while working on the ENIAC, since it was the first computer of its kind.

paragraph: After her work on ENIAC, Bartik went on to work on BINAC and UNIVAC, and spent time at a variety of technical companies as a writer, manager, engineer and programmer. She spent her later years as a real estate agent and died in 2011 from congestive heart failure complications.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Born Betty Jean Jennings in Gentry County, Missouri, in 1924, she was the sixth of seven children. Her father, William Smith Jennings (1893-1971) was from Alanthus Grove, where he was a schoolteacher as well as a farmer. Her mother, Lula May Spainhower (1887-1988) was from Alanthus. Jennings had three older brothers, William (January 10, 1915) Robert (March 15, 1918); and Raymond (January 23, 1922); two older sisters, Emma (August 11, 1916) and Lulu (August 22, 1919), and one younger sister, Mable (December 15, 1928).

paragraph: In her childhood, she would ride on horseback to visit her grandmother, who bought the young girl a newspaper to read every day and became a role model for the rest of her life. She began her education at a local one-room school, and gained local attention for her softball skill. In order to attend high school, she lived with her older sister in the neighboring town, where the school was located, and then began to drive every day despite being only 14. She graduated from Stanberry High School in 1941, aged 16.

paragraph: She attended Northwest Missouri State Teachers College now known Northwest Missouri State University, majoring in mathematics with a minor in English and graduating in 1945. Jennings was awarded the only mathematics degree in her class. Although she had originally intended to study journalism, she decided to change to mathematics because she had a bad relationship with her adviser. Later in her life, she earned a master's degree in English at the University of Pennsylvania in 1967 and was awarded an honorary doctorate degree from Northwest Missouri State University in 2002.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In 1945, the Army was recruiting mathematicians from universities to aid in the war effort; despite a warning by her adviser that she would be just "a cog in a wheel" with the Army, and despite encouragement to become a mathematics teacher instead, Bartik known as Betty Jennings at the time decided to become a human computer. Her calculus professor, encouraged Bartik to take the job at University of Pennsylvania because they had a differential analyzer.

paragraph: She applied to both IBM and the University of Pennsylvania at the age of 20. Although rejected by IBM, Jennings was hired by the University of Pennsylvania to work for Army Ordnance at Aberdeen Proving Ground, calculating ballistics trajectories by hand. While working there, Bartik met her husband, William Bartik, who was an engineer working on a Pentagon project at the University of Pennsylvania. They married in December 1946.

paragraph: When the Electronic Numeric Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) was developed for the purpose of calculating the ballistic trajectories human computers like Bartik had been doing by hand, she applied to become a part of the project and was eventually selected to be one of its first programmers. Bartik was asked to set up problems for the ENIAC without being taught any techniques. Six women, including Jean Jennings Bartik, Betty Holberton, Marlyn Wescoff, Kathleen McNulty, Ruth Teitelbaum, and Frances Spence, were chosen to be the main programmers for the ENIAC. Many other women who are often unrecognized contributed to the ENIAC during a period of wartime male labor shortage. Bartik, who became the co-lead programmer (with Betty Holberton), and the other four original programmers became extremely adept at running the ENIAC; with no manual to rely on, the group reviewed diagrams of the device, interviewed the engineers who had built it, and used this information to teach themselves the skills they needed. Initially, they were not allowed to see the ENIAC's hardware at all since it was still classified and they had not received security clearance; they had to learn how to program the machine solely through studying schematic diagrams. The six-woman team was also not initially given space to work together, so they found places to work where they could, in abandoned classrooms and fraternity houses.

paragraph: While the six women worked on ENIAC, they developed subroutines, nesting, and other fundamental programming techniques, and arguably invented the discipline of programming digital computers. Bartik and the other ENIAC female programmers learned to physically modify the machine, moving switches and rerouting cables, in order to program it. In addition to performing the original ballistic trajectories they were hired to compute, the six female programmers soon became operators on the Los Alamos nuclear calculations, and generally expanded the programming repertoire of the machine. Bartik's programming partner on the important trajectory program for the military that would prove that the ENIAC worked to specification was Betty Holberton known at the time as Betty Snyder. Bartik and Holberton's program was chosen to introduce the ENIAC to the public and larger scientific community. That demonstration occurred on February 15, 1946 and was a tremendous success. The ENIAC proved that it operated faster than the Mark I, a well known electromechanical machine at Harvard, and also showed that the work that would take a "human computer" 40 hours to complete could be done in 20 seconds.

paragraph: Bartik described the first public demonstration of the ENIAC in 1946:

paragraph: The public demonstration was a success, but most of the congratulations on its turnout were given to its engineers, Mauchly and Eckert.

paragraph: Bartik was later asked to form and lead a group of programmers to convert the ENIAC into a stored program computer, working closely with John Von Neumann, Dick Clippinger and Adele Goldstine.

paragraph: Bartik converted the ENIAC into a stored program computer by March 1948. As head of this process, Bartik was charged with the conversion that allowed the ENIAC to be turned into rudimentary stored program computer to assist with Clippinger's wind tunnel programs, which allowed the ENIAC to operate more quickly, efficiently, and accurately. Letters between Bartik and Adele Goldstine were discovered by authors Thomas Haigh and Mark Priestley during the time of the project, as well as, the fact that much of the 60-order Code was in Bartik's handwriting.

paragraph: After the end of the war, Bartik went on to work with the ENIAC designers John Eckert and John Mauchly, and helped them develop the BINAC and UNIVAC I computers. BINAC was the first computer to use magnetic tape instead of punch cards to store data and the first computer to utilize the twin unit concept. The BINAC, which was the first stored program computer hardware wise, worked successfully. BINAC was purchased by Northrop Aircraft to guide the Snark missile, but the BINAC proved to be too large for their purposes. However, according to a Northrop Aircraft programmer, despite claims that the BINAC didn't work once it was moved to Northrop Aircraft were erroneous and the BINAC was working well into the mid-1950s. Besides, BINAC, Jean's more important work involved her responsibilities in designing the UNIVAC's logic circuits among other UNIVAC programming and design tasks. Bartik also co-programmed with her life-long friend Betty Holberton the first generative programming system (SORT/MERGE) for a computer. Recalling her time working with Eckert and Mauchly on these projects, she described their close group of computer engineers as a "technical Camelot."

paragraph: In the early 1950s, once the Eckert-Mauchly Corporation was sold to Remington Rand Bartik went on to help train on how to program and use the UNIVAC for the first six UNIVACs sold, including the programmers at the United States Census Bureau (first UNIVAC sold) and Atomic Energy Commission. Later, Bartik moved to Philadelphia when her husband, William "Bill" Bartik, took a job with Remington Rand. Unfortunately, due to a company policy at the time about husbands and wives working together, Jean Bartik, was asked to resign from the company. Between 1951 and 1954, prior to her first child's birth, Jean did mostly free-lance programming assignments for John Mauchly and was a helpmate to her husband. Once her son was born, Jean walked away from her career in computing to concentrate on raising a family, during which time she had two other children with her husband.

paragraph: Even though Bartik played an integral part in developing ENIAC, her work at University of Pennsylvania and on the ENIAC was completely hidden until her pioneering work was documented by columnist Tom Petzinger in several articles for the Wall Street Journal on Bartik and Holberton. Later, a film called helped shed even more light on Bartik's pioneering work in computing along with Kathy Kleiman's ENIAC Programmers Project.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: After getting her Masters degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1967 and making the decision to divorce her husband, Bartik joined the Auerbach Corporation writing and editing technical reports on minicomputers. It was at this time that Jean began going by the name "Jean" rather than "Betty" which is what she had been known as during her ENIAC, UNIVAC and Remington-Rand years. The name change was the result of wanting to be taken more seriously by her male co-workers. Bartik remained with Auerbach for eight years, then moved among positions with a variety of other companies for the rest of her career as a manager, writer, and engineer. Jean Bartik and William Bartik divorced by 1968. Bartik ultimately retired from the computing industry in 1986 when her final employer, Data Decisions (a publication of Ziff-Davis), was sold; Bartik spent the following 25 years as a real estate agent.

paragraph: Starting in 1996, once the importance of their role in the development of computing was re-discovered, Bartik along with Betty Holberton and Bartik's other friend of over 60 years Kathleen Antonelli (ENIAC programmer and wife of ENIAC co-inventor John Mauchly) began to finally receive the acknowledgement and honors for their pioneering work in the early field of computing. Bartik and Antonelli became invited speakers both at home and abroad to share their experiences working with the ENIAC, BINAC and UNIVAC. Bartik especially went on to receive many honors and awards for her pioneering role programming the ENIAC, BINAC and UNIVAC, the latter of which helped to launch the commercial computer industry, and for turning the ENIAC into the world's first stored program computer. The Jean Jennings Bartik Computing Museum was opened in 2002 on the campus of Northwest Missouri State University, Bartik's alma mater, in her honor. Bartik was inducted into the Computer History Museum's distinguished Hall of Fellows along with Linus Torvalds, creator and principal developer of the Linux kernel and Robert Metcalf, father of Ethernet, in 2008. Bartik wrote her autobiography "Pioneer Programmer: Jean Jennings Bartik and the Computer that Changed the World" prior to her death in 2011 with the help of long-time colleagues, Dr. Jon T. Rickman and Kim D. Todd. The autobiography was published in 2013 by Truman State Press to positive reviews. Bartik died from congestive heart failure in a Poughkeepsie, New York nursing home on March 23, 2011. She was 86.

paragraph: Bartik wrote that one of the best pieces of advice she ever received was: "Don't ever let anyone tell you that you can't do something because they think you can't. You can do anything, achieve anything, if you think you can and you educate yourself to succeed." Encouraging girls and women to follow their dreams, she said, "If my life has proved anything, it is that women (and girls) should never be afraid to take risks and try new things."

paragraph: Section::::Awards and honors.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Inductee, Women in Technology International Hall of Fame (1997).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fellow, Computer History Museum (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- IEEE Computer Pioneer Award, IEEE Computer Society (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Korenman Award from the Multinational Center for Development of Women in Technology (2009)

paragraph: The Jean Jennings Bartik Computing Museum at Northwest Missouri State University in Maryville, Missouri is dedicated to the history of computing and Bartik's career.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Adele Goldstine

paragraph: BULLET::::- Betty Holberton

paragraph: BULLET::::- Frances Spence

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ruth Teitelbaum

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marlyn Wescoff

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kathleen Antonelli

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of pioneers in computer science

paragraph: BULLET::::- Timeline of women in science

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- [Pioneer Programmer: Jean Jennings Bartik and the Computer that Changed the World", Jean Jennings Bartik autobiography, edited by Dr. Jon Rickman and Kim D. Todd, Truman State Press, 2013.]

paragraph: BULLET::::- [Jean Jennings Bartik: Computer Pioneer, Kim D. Todd, 2015, Notable Missourians, Truman State Press.]

paragraph: BULLET::::- [Computer Scientist Jean Barik (STEM Trailblazer Bios), 2016, Lerner Classroom.]

paragraph: BULLET::::- [The Innovators: How a Group of Hackers, Geniuses, and Geeks Created the Digital Revolution, Walter Isaacson, 2015, Simon & Schuster.]

paragraph: BULLET::::- [ENIAC in Action: Making and Remaking the Modern Computer (History of Computing), Thomas Haigh, Mark Priestly and Crispin Rope, 2018, The MIT Pres.]

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ENIAC Programmers documentary

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oral history from Bartik at the UNIVAC conference, Charles Babbage Institute

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean Jennings Bartik Computing Museum at NWMSU

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bartik receives the Computer Pioneer Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oral history given by Bartik to the Computer History Museum in 2008

description: American ENIAC computer programmer

wikidata_label: Jean Bartik

wikipedia_title: Jean Bartik


text: Californio

text: Alta California

text: Juan Bautista Alvarado

text: California

text: Bear Flag Revolt

text: Californio

text: Monterey, California

text: Spanish colonial

text: Mission San Juan Bautista

text: Rancho Sausal

text: Alta California

text: Juan Bautista Alvarado

text: Nicolás Gutiérrez

text: Rancho San Justo

text: secularization

text: the mission

text: San Blas

text: Graham Affair

text: Manuel Micheltorena

text: Bear Flag Revolt

text: Mexican–American War

text: Sinaloa

text: house

text: Donner Party

text: Baja California

text: Ramona

text: assassinated

text: Jose Castro House

text: National Historic Landmark

text: Castro District

text: National Park Service

text: The California State Military Museum

categories: Californios,Castro District, San Francisco,Mexican people of the Mexican–American War,1860 deaths,People of Mexican California,Mexican military personnel of the Mexican–American War,People of the Californias,Governors of Mexican California,19th-century American politicians,Governors of Baja California,Mexican generals,1808 births,People of the Conquest of California,History of Baja California,People from Monterey, California

paragraph: José Castro

paragraph: José Antonio Castro (1808 – February 1860) was a Californio politician, statesman, and military leader who served as acting governor of Alta California in 1835, and military commander under governor Juan Bautista Alvarado after November, 1836. He was also Commandante General in northern California during the Bear Flag Revolt.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: José Castro was a "Californio", born in Monterey, California when it was under Spanish colonial rule. His father José Tiburcio Castro was a soldier, member of the "Diputación" (territorial legislature), mayordomo (administrator) of Mission San Juan Bautista after it was secularized, and grantee of Rancho Sausal.

paragraph: As a young man, Castro was a vocal and active supporter of Californian self-rule and full independence from Mexico. His first public office was as secretary to the Monterey "ayuntamiento" (town council). In 1830, Castro was arrested for his opposition to the Mexican governor of Alta California. By 1835 he was "Vocal Primero" (First Member) of the legislature and acting governor. Along with his brother-in-law Juan Bautista Alvarado, he was a vocal proponent of California-born governors and sought a semi-independent status for Alta California.

paragraph: A long period in which far-away Mexico neglected California and sent up scandalous and incompetent governors culminated with six chief executives taking office in Monterey in 1836 alone. In November, 1838, Castro helped lead the overthrow of newly-appointed Mexican Governor Nicolás Gutiérrez.

paragraph: An end to the rebellion was negotiated, and Alvarado became the legitimate governor from 1837 to 1842. Castro served under Alvarado as Lieutenant-Colonel of militia. Once again he was appointed First Member of the Diputación as well as Prefect of the District of Monterey. In 1839, governor Alvarado granted him Rancho San Justo, which included the settlement surrounding Mission San Juan Bautista. The grant followed the secularization of the mission by the Mexican government in 1833, which privatized former mission lands. Castro built an adobe house on San Juan Bautista Plaza in 1841. He used the house as an administrative base for his military operations, and as a residence for his secretary.

paragraph: Back in 1840, Alvarado had arrested about one hundred Americans in California and transported them to San Blas, an action that sparked an international diplomatic incident known as the "Graham Affair". By 1844–45, Castro was a leader of the new revolt against Governor Manuel Micheltorena, once again becoming Commandante General under new governor Alvarado.

paragraph: During the Bear Flag Revolt of 1846 and Mexican–American War that followed, Castro was the commanding general of Alta California. When California joined the United States in August 1846, Castro left for Baja California, taking up residence in Sinaloa. Castro returned to Alta California in 1848, but by 1853 had gone to Mexico again where he was appointed governor and military commander of Baja California.

paragraph: After the Mexican–American War, José Castro opened his adobe house in San Juan Bautista to an Irish settler, Patrick Breen. Breen and his family were surviving members of the Donner Party. They arrived at San Juan Bautista in February 1848, nearly a year after completing their journey through the Sierra Nevada. The Breens were the first English-speaking Americans to live in the town. Castro allowed them to live at the house until they could afford to buy it from him. By 1853, Castro had left for Mexico, where he was appointed governor and military commander of Baja California.

paragraph: One of Patrick Breen's teenage sons made a fortune as a gold miner and purchased the house from Castro in 1854. The Breen family established a working ranch and an inn. Guests included gold rush prospectors and Helen Hunt Jackson, author of "Ramona" (1884). She began writing her famous novel about Spanish California while living in San Juan Bautista in the early 1880s. The Breen family owned the house until 1935, when the State of California bought the property and it became part of the San Juan Bautista Plaza Historic District.

paragraph: Castro never surrendered his Mexican citizenship nor military rank. In February 1860, Castro was assassinated by the bandit Marguez.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: The Jose Castro House in San Juan Bautista is now a National Historic Landmark. Castro Street and the Castro District in San Francisco are named for him.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bancroft, Hubert Howe, History of California Vol. 4 (1840-1845), A. L. Bancroft & Company, San Francisco, 1886. p.751 Pioneer Register and Index: Castro (Jos‚)

paragraph: "This article incorporates content in the public domain from the U.S. National Park Service and The California State Military Museum."

description: Governor of Alta California

wikidata_label: José Castro

wikipedia_title: José Castro


text:
Cadolzburg
Burgrave
Nuremberg
House of Hohenzollern
Conrad I of Nuremberg
Hohenzollern
Nuremberg
Andechs
Bayreuth
Burgrave of Nuremberg
Frank
Würzburg
Bamberg
Rudolf of Habsburg
king of the Romans
Prince-Elector
Franconia
Otakar II of Bohemia
Battle of Dürnkrut and Jedenspeigen
Bohemia
Egerland
Wunsiedel
Erlangen
Arzberg
Elisabeth of Merania
Otto I, Duke of Merania
Ludwig V of Öttingen
Henry II of Castell
Eberhard II of Schlüsselberg
Gottfried II of Hohenlohe
Helene of Saxony
Albert I, Duke of Saxony
Helene of Brunswick-Lüneburg
John I, Burgrave of Nuremberg
Frederick IV of Nuremberg
Emicho I of Nassau-Hadamar
www.genealogie-mittelalter.de

paragraph: Frederick III, Burgrave of Nuremberg

paragraph: Frederick III of Nuremberg ( 1220 – 14 August 1297 in Cadolzburg), Burgrave of Nuremberg from the House of Hohenzollern, was the eldest son of Conrad I of Nuremberg and Adelheid of Frontenhausen.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He owned the possessions of Hohenzollern on the west of Nuremberg around the castle Cadolzburg. In 1248 he received from the Counts of Andechs the region of Bayreuth by so-called "Meran's inheritance". However, this led to a quarrel with other noble houses who also had claims on these lands. After the death of Conrad I in 1261 he became Burgrave of Nuremberg and tried to eliminate the Frankish power in the Main region. That resulted in the violent opposition of the bishops of Würzburg and Bamberg.

paragraph: In 1273 he gave his deciding vote for his friend Rudolf of Habsburg on the election of the king of the Romans. As a reward the King confirmed his position as a Burgrave and granted the rank of a Prince-Elector. Thus Frederick was entrusted with the royal district court of Franconia, took part in the imperial war against the outlawed Otakar II of Bohemia and also joined in the struggle in the Battle of Dürnkrut and Jedenspeigen in 1278. More particularly, he had a territorial quarrel with Bohemia about the Egerland. At this time, Wunsiedel, Erlangen and Arzberg came into the possession of the House of Hohenzollern.

paragraph: Section::::Family and children.

paragraph: Friedrich was married twice. After marrying Elisabeth of Merania, the daughter and heir of Otto I, Duke of Merania, they had the following children:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. John, murdered near Nuremberg ca. 1262.

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Siegmund, murdered near Nuremberg ca. 1262.

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Marie (d. before 28 March 1299), married bef. 28 July 1263 to Count Ludwig V of Öttingen.

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Adelheid (d. ca. 1307), married bef. 25 March 1273 to Count Henry II of Castell.

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Elisabeth (d. 1288), married to:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. bef. 17 April 1280 Eberhard II of Schlüsselberg;

paragraph: BULLET::::2. bef. 13 March 1285 Gottfried II of Hohenlohe.

paragraph: He married a second time. On the 10 April 1280, Helene of Saxony, daughter of Albert I, Duke of Saxony, and Helene of Brunswick-Lüneburg, became his wife. They had the following children:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. John I, Burgrave of Nuremberg (ca. 1279–1300).

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Frederick IV of Nuremberg (1287–1332).

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Anna (d. after 1355), married before 3 January 1297 to Count Emicho I of Nassau-Hadamar.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- www.genealogie-mittelalter.de

alias:
Friedrich III
Frederick III of Nuremberg
Frederick III

description: Burgrave of Nuremberg

wikidata_label: Frederick III, Burgrave of Nuremberg

wikipedia_title: Frederick III, Burgrave of Nuremberg


text:
Welsh
Welsh language literature
Harlech
Gwynedd
Jesus College, Oxford
holy orders
Humphrey Humphreys
Bishop of Bangor
Hereford
Llanfihangel-y-traethau
livings
Llandanwg
Llanbedr
Llanfair
Jeremy Taylor
London
Roger L'Estrange
Francisco de Quevedo
Llanfair

categories: People from Gwynedd,Alumni of Jesus College, Oxford,1734 deaths,18th-century Welsh writers,18th-century male writers,1671 births,Welsh-language writers

paragraph: Ellis Wynne

paragraph: Ellis Wynne (7 March 1671 – 13 July 1734) was a Welsh clergyman and author of one of the most important and influential pieces of Welsh language literature.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Born in Lasynys Fawr () near Harlech, Gwynedd, Wynne excelled at school and entered Jesus College, Oxford on 1 March 1692. There is historical debate as to whether or not he graduated and little evidence to support either claim, but local tradition suggests he was studying law before he was convinced to take holy orders by a friend, Humphrey Humphreys, Bishop of Bangor and afterwards of Hereford.

paragraph: Wynne married for the first time in Llanfihangel-y-traethau Church in 1698.

paragraph: He was ordained priest in December 1704 and held the livings of Llandanwg, Llanbedr and Llanfair.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Although a respected priest, Welsh translator and hymn writer (a translation of Jeremy Taylor's "Holy Living" appeared in London, 1701, republished 1928), Wynne is remembered today largely for his literary output.

paragraph: "Gweledigaetheu y Bardd Cwsc" (Visions of the Sleeping Bard), first published in London in 1703, was an adaptation of Sir Roger L'Estrange's translation of the Spanish satirist Francisco de Quevedo's Sueños (1627; "Visions"), giving savage pictures of contemporary evils, and is seen as a Welsh-language classic. It is generally said that no better model exists of "pure", idiomatic Welsh, as yet uninfluenced by English style and method. At least 32 editions had appeared up to 1932, and at least three translations into English were made. The title page bears the words "Y Rhann Gyntaf" (The First Part) and it has been suggested that Wynne wrote a second part – a "Vision of Heaven" – but on hearing that he had been charged with plagiarism in the first part, he destroyed the manuscript. The plagiarism charges of plagiarism are no longer credited.

paragraph: Section::::Later obscurity.

paragraph: Wynne's later life is as obscure as his early years. Little is known of him after the publication of the "Gweledigaethau". He was buried under the altar at Llanfair (near Harlech).

description: Welsh religious writer, translator and author (1671 - 1734)

wikidata_label: Ellis Wynne

wikipedia_title: Ellis Wynne


text: jazz

text: Anders Jormin

text: Sonny Rollins

text: Stan Getz

text: Gary Burton

text: Don Cherry

text: Rena Rama

text: Palle Danielsson

text: Arild Andersen

text: Jon Christensen

text: Jan Garbarek

text: Charles Lloyd

text: Tomasz Stańko

text: Underwear

text: The Sounds Around the House

text: Very Early

text: Reflections

text: War Orphans

text: Serenity

text: Goodbye

text: Cantando

text: Indicum

text: Contra la Indecisión

text: Don Cherry

text: Dona Nostra

text: Jan Garbarek

text: Sart

text: Witchi-Tai-To

text: Dansere

text: Charles Lloyd

text: Fish Out of Water

text: Notes from Big Sur

text: The Call

text: All My Relations

text: Canto

text: Red Mitchell

text: One Long String

text: Mercury

text: Rena Rama

text: JAPO

text: Dragon

text: Marilyn Mazur

text: Kenny Wheeler

text: Billy Hart

text: George Russell

text: Listen to the Silence

text: Soul Note

text: Terje Rypdal

text: Terje Rypdal

text: Tomasz Stanko

text: Bossanova and Other Ballads

text: Matka Joanna

text: Leosia

text: Doudou Gouirand

text: Bobo Stenson on ECM Records

text: Bobo Stenson discography at Discogs

categories: Swedish male musicians,Swedish jazz pianists,Rena Rama members,Living people,Swedish jazz musicians,1944 births,21st-century pianists,ECM Records artists,Litteris et Artibus recipients,Male jazz musicians,21st-century male musicians

paragraph: Bobo Stenson

paragraph: Bobo Stenson (born Bo Gustav Stenson, August 4, 1944) is a Swedish jazz pianist. The Bobo Stenson Trio, formed in collaboration with Anders Jormin (bass) and Jon Fält (drums), has been in existence for four decades.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Stenson was noted as early as 1963, when he stepped up from the local scene in Västerås to start playing frequently in Stockholm, where he accompanied a long line of visiting American players including Sonny Rollins, Stan Getz and Gary Burton. He also worked closely with Don Cherry from the beginning of the trumpeter's residency in Scandinavia.

paragraph: The 1970s was an intensive period for Bobo Stenson, playing in many groups, amongst them the long-standing band Rena Rama with Palle Danielsson, and a very popular trio with Arild Andersen and Jon Christensen; later also with Jan Garbarek. In 1988, he joined the Charles Lloyd quartet and since 1996 has appeared at major jazz festivals with Tomasz Stańko's septet/sextet.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As leader.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Underwear" (ECM, 1971)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Sounds Around the House" (Caprice, 1983)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Very Early" (Dragon, 1986)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Reflections" (ECM, 1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "War Orphans" (ECM, 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Serenity" (ECM, 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Goodbye" (ECM, 2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cantando" (ECM, 2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Indicum" (ECM, 2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Contra la Indecisión" (ECM, 2018)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As sideman.

paragraph: With Don Cherry

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dona Nostra" (ECM, 1993)

paragraph: With Jan Garbarek

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sart" (ECM, 1971)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Witchi-Tai-To" (ECM, 1973)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dansere" (ECM, 1975)

paragraph: With Charles Lloyd

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fish Out of Water" (ECM, 1989)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Notes from Big Sur" (ECM, 1991)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Call" (ECM, 1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "All My Relations" (ECM, 1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Canto" (ECM, 1996)

paragraph: With Red Mitchell

paragraph: BULLET::::- "One Long String" (Mercury, 1969)

paragraph: With Rena Rama

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jazz I Sverige" (Caprice, 1973)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Landscapes" (JAPO, 1977)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Inside – Outside" (Caprice, 1979)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live" (Organic, 1983)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New Album" (Dragon, 1986)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rena Rama with Marilyn Mazur" (Dragon, 1989)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Lost Tapes" (Amigo, 1998) with Kenny Wheeler & Billy Hart

paragraph: With George Russell

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Listen to the Silence" (Soul Note, 1971)

paragraph: With Terje Rypdal

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Terje Rypdal" (ECM, 1971)

paragraph: With Tomasz Stanko

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bossanova and Other Ballads" (Gowi, 1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Matka Joanna" (ECM, 1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Leosia" (ECM, 1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (ECM, 1997)

paragraph: With Others

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Agram" (Moller/Willemark)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Xieyi" (Jormin)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Change of Heart" (Speake)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Parish" (Stronen)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Nuit de Wounded Knee" (Doudou Gouirand)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bobo Stenson video interview at Allaboutjazz.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bobo Stenson on ECM Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bobo Stenson discography at Discogs

description: Swedish jazz pianist and composer

wikidata_label: Bobo Stenson

wikipedia_title: Bobo Stenson


text:
American
Batman
National Cartoonists Society
Clive Barker
Hellraiser
Mike Mignola
comic book
Hellboy
Batman Black and White
Solo
Wednesday Comics
Jim Lee
Jeph Loeb
Archie Goodwin
Star Wars
Tommy Lee Edwards
John Van Fleet
DC Comics
Eisner Award
Todd Klein
Samurai Jack
Jack Morelli
Juxtapoz Magazine
Carhartt
Before Watchmen
Blu-ray
DVD
Charlie Chaplin
The Circus
The Criterion Collection
Wolverine
Marvel Comics Presents
Doctor Zero
Power Line
St. George
Iron Man
Animal Man
Vigilante
Terminal City
Jonny Double
The Adventures of the Galaxy Rangers
An Audio Interview with Mark Chiarello

paragraph: Mark Chiarello

paragraph: Mark Chiarello is an American illustrator, art director and comic book editor.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: As an illustrator, Chiarello has worked on such projects as the Batman story "" (which earned him the 1993 National Cartoonists Society Award for Best Comic Book) and Clive Barker's "Hellraiser". He was also the first colorist on Mike Mignola's creator owned comic book, "Hellboy" (on "").

paragraph: As an editor for DC Comics, he created the critically acclaimed series Batman Black and White, Solo, and Wednesday Comics. Chiarello was responsible for teaming up comics superstars Jim Lee and Jeph Loeb for their extremely successful run on the Batman series "". Previously, Chiarello worked at Marvel Comics where he was assistant to Archie Goodwin.

paragraph: Chiarello's work was seen in "Star Wars: The New Essential Chronology" alongside artists Tommy Lee Edwards and John Van Fleet. He also co-authored the book "The DC Comics Guide to Coloring and Lettering Comics" with Eisner Award winning letterer, Todd Klein. He also drew a Samurai Jack story for DC's "Cartoon Network Action Pack" #1.

paragraph: In 2007 Chiarello and Jack Morelli authored "Heroes of the Negro Leagues," from Abrams Publishing, a book on the history of the Negro Leagues. An article and interview featuring Chiarello's Negro League paintings appeared in the March 8' issue of Juxtapoz Magazine.

paragraph: In 2009 Chiarello painted the Spring Summer 09 advertising campaign for Carhartt.

paragraph: In 2012 he was the editor of the Before Watchmen comics Dr. Manhattan, Minute Men, Silk Spectre, Moloch, and Dollar Bill.

paragraph: In 2019, Chiarello was let go from DC after working for them for 26 years.

paragraph: Chiarello has also illustrated the cover for the upcoming Blu-ray and DVD of Charlie Chaplin's "The Circus", to be released in The Criterion Collection on September 24, 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Comics.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lost Planet" #2 (Eclipse)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1990

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Clive Barker's Hellraiser" #4 (Epic/Marvel)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ray Bradbury Chronicles" #2 (Byron Preiss)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1993

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Batman & Houdini: The Devil's Workshop" (DC)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gangland" #4 (Vertigo/DC)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cartoon Network Action Pack" #1 (DC)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cartoon Network Action Pack" #2 (DC)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Covers.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wolverine" #28-30 (Marvel)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Marvel Comics Presents" #81 [Backcover] (Marvel)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Doctor Zero" #4 (Epic/Marvel)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Power Line" #4 (Epic/Marvel)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "St. George" #4 (Epic/Marvel)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1994

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Many Armors of Iron Man" (Marvel)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Animal Man" #72-73 (Vertigo/DC)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ray Bradbury Comics Special Edition" #1 (Topps)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Batman featuring Two-Face and the Riddler" (DC)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vigilante: City Lights, Prairie Justice" #1-4 (DC)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Terminal City" #1-3 (Vertigo/DC)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Terminal City: Aerial Graffiti" #1-5 (Vertigo/DC)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jonny Double" #1-4 (Vertigo/DC)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Television.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1986

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Adventures of the Galaxy Rangers"

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- An Audio Interview with Mark Chiarello by SiDEBAR

description: artist

wikidata_label: Mark Chiarello

wikipedia_title: Mark Chiarello


text: running back

text: Tampa Bay Buccaneers

text: San Diego Chargers

text: National Football League

text: University of Southern California

text: 1977 NFL Draft

text: College Football Hall of Fame

text: Houston

text: Texas

text: Los Angeles

text: John C. Fremont High School

text: fullback

text: Ohio State

text: Rose Bowl

text: Texas A&M

text: Liberty Bowl

text: Heisman Trophy

text: All-American

text: Michigan Wolverines

text: Rose Bowl

text: Washington State

text: Kingdome

text: runner-up for the Heisman

text: Tony Dorsett

text: Pittsburgh

text: Pacific-8 Conference

text: W.J. Voit Memorial Trophy

text: All-American

text: first overall draft choice

text: 1977 NFL Draft

text: Tampa Bay Buccaneers

text: Tony Dorsett

text: John McKay

text: NFC Central

text: touchdown

text: Philadelphia Eagles

text: Super Bowl XIV

text: Los Angeles Rams

text: San Diego Chargers

text: heart failure

text: dermatomyositis

text: Mario Van Peebles

text: made-for-television movie

text: Inglewood, California

text: College Football Hall of Fame

text: Sports Reference

categories: 1955 births,USC Trojans football players,Sportspeople from Houston,San Diego Chargers players,1984 deaths,Tampa Bay Buccaneers players,National Football League first overall draft picks,Burials at Inglewood Park Cemetery,College Football Hall of Fame inductees,American football running backs,All-American college football players

paragraph: Ricky Bell (running back)

paragraph: Ricky Lynn Bell (April 8, 1955 – November 28, 1984) was an American professional football player who was a running back for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and San Diego Chargers of the National Football League. Bell was a star in college for the University of Southern California, gaining 1,875 yards rushing in his junior season. The #1 Overall Selection in the 1977 NFL Draft, Bell was inducted posthumously into the College Football Hall of Fame in 2004.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Born in Houston, Texas, Bell moved to Los Angeles at age eleven and starred in football at its John C. Fremont High School.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Originally a linebacker, Bell first attracted notice during his sophomore season at USC in 1974 as a great blocker and between-the-tackles runner, sharing the position of fullback with David Farmer for the national championship team (UPI) that defeated third-ranked Ohio State 18–17 in the Rose Bowl on New Year's Day.

paragraph: In 1975, the Trojans won their first seven games. Without a passing game to balance the offense, they struggled to an 8–4 record, but was capped with a victory over Texas A&M in the Liberty Bowl. During this season, Bell led the nation in rushing, gaining 1,875 yards, as he finished third in the voting for the Heisman Trophy and was a consensus All-American.

paragraph: Then in his senior season of 1976, Bell led the Trojans team to an 11–1 record, crowned by a 14–6 victory over the Michigan Wolverines in the Rose Bowl. Despite suffering nagging injuries that limited his playing time, Bell set the USC single-game rushing record of 347 yards against Washington State at the new Kingdome, and he was the runner-up for the Heisman, behind Tony Dorsett of Pittsburgh, the national champions.

paragraph: Bell was voted the player of the year in the Pacific-8 Conference in 1976. He was also awarded the 1976 W.J. Voit Memorial Trophy as the outstanding football player on the Pacific Coast and was again a consensus All-American.

paragraph: Section::::NFL career.

paragraph: Bell was the first overall draft choice in the 1977 NFL Draft, selected by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, who were winless in their first season in 1976. Bell signed a five-year contract for a reported $1.2 million, by far the richest contract ever signed by an NFL rookie. This draft choice was somewhat controversial because Tony Dorsett was being projected as an arguably better back than Bell. Bell's selection was not a surprise, however, because Tampa Bay was coached by John McKay, Bell's former head coach at USC through 1975. After a couple mediocre seasons, in 1979, Bell enjoyed his finest season, rushing for 1,263 yards and leading the Buccaneers to the championship of the NFC Central Division. He led the Buccaneers to their first playoff win in franchise history that season by rushing for 142 yards on 38 carries scoring two touchdowns against the Philadelphia Eagles. The team fell one game short of a trip to Super Bowl XIV, ending their season by losing to the Los Angeles Rams for the NFC championship.

paragraph: In March 1982, McKay sent him to the San Diego Chargers, but suffering from weight loss, aching muscles, and severe skin problems, he retired before the 1983 season.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Bell died at age 29 of heart failure caused by the disease of dermatomyositis. Mario Van Peebles portrayed the player in the 1991 made-for-television movie, "", which was based on the life of Ricky Bell. Bell's remains were interred in the Inglewood Park Cemetery in Inglewood, California.

paragraph: He was survived by his wife, Natalia; his 10-year-old son, Ricky, Jr., a 3-year-old daughter, Noell, and his mother, Ruth.

paragraph: Section::::Honors.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bell was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 2004.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of college football yearly rushing leaders

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sports Reference - college football - Ricky Bell

description: Player of American football

wikidata_label: Ricky Bell

wikipedia_title: Ricky Bell (running back)


text:
Great Royal Wife
Eighteenth Dynasty
Ancient Egypt
Amunhotep II
Thutmose IV
Tuthmosis IV
Nefertari
Tuthmosis IV
Mutemwiya
turquoise
Serabit el-Khadim

categories: 15th-century BC women,Amenhotep II,Queens consort of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt,Thutmose IV

paragraph: Iaret

paragraph: Iaret was a Great Royal Wife from the middle of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Ancient Egypt.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: br

paragraph: laret was the daughter of Amunhotep II and wife of Thutmose IV. The transcription of her name is uncertain; it is written with a single cobra, which has a number of possible readings.

paragraph: Her titles include: King’s Daughter ("s3t-niswt"), Great King’s Daughter ("s3t-niswt-wrt"), King’s Sister ("snt-niswt"), and Great King’s Wife ("hmt-niswt-wrt").

paragraph: There are no known children for Queen Iaret.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Iaret was the second great royal wife from the reign of Tuthmosis IV. Queen Nefertari is shown in inscriptions dating to the earlier part of the reign. A secondary wife of Tuthmosis IV by the name of Mutemwiya was the mother to the heir of the throne.

paragraph: Iaret is depicted on a Year 7 stela of Thutmose IV from Konosso. The stela depicts Tuthmosis smiting enemies before the Nubian gods Dedwen and Ha. Queen Iaret is depicted standing behind him.

paragraph: Iaret's name is also known from inscriptions from the turquoise mines at Serabit el-Khadim in the Sinai from the same year.

paragraph: It is not known when Iaret died or where she was buried.

description: Ancient Egyptian queen

wikidata_label: Iaret

wikipedia_title: Iaret


text:
Hungary
Manhattan
collage diary
Gulag
Hungarian revolution
Paris, France
Ecole des Beaux Arts
Ecole du Louvre
collage
photography
Rome, Italy
Cannes Film Festival
Time
Life
The New York Times
Playboy
Hustler
Exxon
Mobil
Texaco
Xerox
McGraw Hill
Harpers
Newsweek
Holt Rinehart & Winston
New York Hospital

categories: 1933 births,American illustrators,Collage,1989 deaths

paragraph: Francois Colos

paragraph: François Colos (born Ferencz Szalay; Hungary, 1933–Manhattan, 1989) was a Hungarian-born designer and artist, established in the US. In addition to his long career as a designer for French and American newspapers, magazines, and companies, he was the author of a 14-year collage diary (1976–1989).

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He began studying graphic art and engraving techniques in 1974, but was arrested by the political arm of the police in 1951, and sent to a coal mine deep in the Gulag. He was freed in 1956, during the Hungarian revolution and arrived in Paris, France in 1957, to begin studying at the Ecole des Beaux Arts and the Ecole du Louvre.

paragraph: In 1958 he illustrated several books and magazines, winning several prizes in Belgium, England, and Germany.

paragraph: In 1959 he started working in his main field, collage – a technique which would lead to his second love – photography.

paragraph: In 1960 he received his first photographic assignment in Rome, Italy, and in 1961 participated at the Cannes Film Festival.

paragraph: In 1964, after two short film features in England and Canary Islands, he started a 5-year association with French television, introducing a new graphic style.

paragraph: After frequent study trips through Europe, Asia, and Africa, in 1966 he visited the United States and settled permanently in Manhattan in 1970, as a free-lance artist. His career was consolidated by further drawings and concepts which brought him numerous prizes and important clients: "Time", "Life", "The New York Times", "Playboy", "Hustler", Exxon, Mobil, Texaco, Xerox, McGraw Hill, Harpers and "Newsweek". In 1973 he received the silver medal in the Nikon International Photo-Contest.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Book published.

paragraph: In 1974 he published, "The Student who Became King in Spite of Himself", his first book in English with Holt Rinehart & Winston incorporating his collage style into the illustrations. He continued his work and, in 1976, he began work on his 'Diary' – a large collection of collages which ended in 1989, when Francois Szalay-Colos died at New York Hospital, Manhattan. He was survived by his wife, Michelle.

description: designer and artist

wikidata_label: Francois Colos

wikipedia_title: Francois Colos


text:
Honolulu
DJ
record producer
electronic dance music
Sirius Satellite Radio
Area 38
Ultra Music Festival
Proton Radio
Ultra Music Festival
Tiesto
David Guetta
Deadmau5
John Digweed
Paul Oakenfold
Paul Van Dyke
Ferry Corsten
Release Records
Beatport
Official Website
Resident Advisor Profile
Artist site at Proton Radio

categories: Musicians from Honolulu,Living people,1979 births

paragraph: Jose Mata

paragraph: Jose Mata (born "Jose Mata"; September 22, 1979 in Honolulu, HI) is a North American dance music DJ and record producer who has worked internationally since 2004. Mata has performed alongside some of the largest names in electronic dance music at festivals and nightclubs from all over the world. He has been featured on Sirius Satellite Radio's Area 38 on the Ultra Music Festival Radio Show as well as The Vanishing Point. He was also featured on Proton Radio's "Perspectives" in 2009. Has performed at Ultra Music Festival on the same bill as Tiesto, David Guetta, Deadmau5, John Digweed, Paul Oakenfold, Paul Van Dyke and Ferry Corsten. He collaborated with Noel Sanger in 2008 for his first record release "Tease My Heart - Zoltan Kontes (Noel Sanger & Jose Mata dub)" on Groove Syndicate Records a sub-label for Release Records. However, Groove Syndicate was discontinued for unknown reasons and the record was re-released in 2010 thru Dissident Music on Beatport as well as other outlets. Since performing with Paul Oakenfold on his International Perfecto Tour in 2010, Oakenfold has featured tracks from Mata on his Perfecto Podcast and Planet Perfecto Radio Show.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Resident Advisor Profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- Artist site at Proton Radio

description: American DJ

wikidata_label: Jose Mata

wikipedia_title: Jose Mata


text: French

text: general

text: deputy

text: National Guardsman

text: Lieutenant General

text: aide-de-camp

text: King

text: Peer

text: Major

text: Dragoon

text: Austerlitz

text: Spain

text: Molins del Rey

text: Valls

text: Vic

text: Saguntum

text: general of brigade

text: cavalry

text: Aragon

text: Joseph O'Donnell

text: Castalla

text: Ordal

text: Montereau

text: general of division

text: Division

text: Reserve

text: Waterloo

text: The Napoleon Series

categories: 1773 births,1846 deaths,Barons of France,French generals,French military personnel of the Napoleonic Wars,Names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe

paragraph: Jacques-Antoine-Adrien Delort

paragraph: Baron Jacques-Antoine-Adrien Delort (16 November 1773 – 28 March 1846) was a French general and deputy.

paragraph: A National Guardsman at the age of 16 in 1789, he died a Lieutenant General, "aide-de-camp" to the King and a Peer of France. Major of the 9th Dragoon Regiment, his conduct at Austerlitz gave him command of the 24th Dragoons, at the head of which he covered himself with glory in Spain at Molins del Rey, Valls, Vic, and Saguntum. As a general of brigade in 1811, he held provisional command of the cavalry of the Army of Aragon through 1813. He beat Joseph O'Donnell at Castalla and charged the pass at Ordal. Recalled to France, Delort charged again at Montereau then, as a general of division, he commanded the 14th Division of Reserve Cavalry at Waterloo. DELORT is one of the names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe on Column 36.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Napoleon Series

description: French general and politician

wikidata_label: Jacques-Antoine-Adrien Delort

wikipedia_title: Jacques-Antoine-Adrien Delort