text: Communist Party of Germany

text: Weimar Republic

text: Gestapo

text: solitary confinement

text: Buchenwald

text: Adolf Hitler

text: Holstein

text: farmworker

text: Kirchwerder

text: Port of Hamburg

text: prison

text: history

text: natural history

text: folklore

text: mathematics

text: gymnastics

text: sports

text: religion

text: Eilbek

text: emergency shelter

text: fireman

text: USA

text: Social Democratic Party

text: Rosa Luxemburg

text: mass strike

text: World War I

text: artillery

text: Battle of Champagne

text: Battle of the Somme

text: Second battle of the Aisne

text: Battle of Soissons

text: Battle of Cambrai (1917)

text: Battle of Arras

text: Iron cross

text: Hanseatic Cross

text: Wound Badge

text: German Revolution

text: Western Front

text: Hamburg Parliament

text: Inspector

text: Communist International

text: Congress of the Comintern

text: Moscow

text: Vladimir Lenin

text: Organisation Consul

text: hand grenade

text: Hamburg Uprising

text: bier

text: Reichstag

text: Rote Frontkämpferbund

text: German Presidency

text: Paul von Hindenburg

text: Wilhelm Marx

text: British miners' strike

text: Wittorf affair

text: central committee

text: Stalin

text: purge

text: Stalinization

text: Berlin-Wedding

text: Carl Severing

text: Comintern

text: "social fascists"

text: Karl Kilbom

text: ultra leftist

text: Nazi Party

text: SA

text: social democracy

text: Adolf Hitler

text: Paul von Hindenburg

text: general strike

text: Königs Wusterhausen

text: Reichstag fire

text: Berlin-Charlottenburg

text: Gatow

text: Lichtenberg

text: the Reichstag fire

text: German–Soviet Non-Aggression Pact

text: invasion of Poland

text: Bautzen

text: Buchenwald concentration camp

text: cremated

text: Rudolf Breitscheid

text: Allied

text: Communist Party of the Soviet Union

text: World War I

text: Weimar Republic

text: Social Democratic Party of Germany

text: Spanish Civil War

text: republican

text: Thälmann Battalion

text: International Brigades

text: World War II

text: Josip Broz Tito

text: Danube Swabians

text: Ernst Thälmann Company

text: Telmanove

text: Donetsk Oblast

text: Rosa Luxemburg

text: Karl Liebknecht

text: East Germany

text: German reunification

text: Berlin

text: Hamburg

text: Greifswald

text: Frankfurt an der Oder

text: pioneer organisation

text: Ernst Thälmann Pioneer Organisation

text: Ernst Thälmann

text: Cuba

text: Cayo Ernesto Thaelmann

text: Ho Chi Minh City

text: British

text: Communist

text: Cornelius Cardew

text: piano

text: Ernst Thälmann Island

text: Biography of Ernst Thälmann

text: Deutsches Historisches Museum

text: Gerade auf LeMO gesehen: LeMO Biografie

text: Marxists Internet Archive

text: song about Ernst Thälmann

categories: Communist Party of Germany politicians,Rotfrontkämpferbund members,Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians,Members of the Reichstag of the Weimar Republic,People from Hamburg executed in Nazi concentration camps,1886 births,German anti-fascists,German people who died in Buchenwald concentration camp,German communists,1944 deaths,Independent Social Democratic Party politicians,Candidates for President of Germany,German revolutionaries,German civilians killed in World War II,Politicians who died in Nazi concentration camps

paragraph: Ernst Thälmann

paragraph: Ernst Thälmann (16 April 1886 – 18 August 1944) was the leader of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) during much of the Weimar Republic. He was arrested by the Gestapo in 1933 and held in solitary confinement for eleven years, before being shot in Buchenwald on Adolf Hitler's personal orders in 1944.

paragraph: Section::::Family and early years.

paragraph: Ernst Thälmann's father was Johannes Thälmann (called 'Jan'; 11 April 1857 – 31 October 1933), born in Weddern in Holstein, working there as a farmworker. Thälmann's mother, Mary-Magdalene (née "Kohpeiss"; 8 November 1857 – 9 March 1927), was born in Kirchwerder. The wedding took place in 1884 in Hamburg. There, Johannes Thälmann earned his first money as a coachman. Ernst's parents had no party affiliation; in contrast to his father, his mother was deeply religious.

paragraph: Ernst Thälmann was born in Hamburg. After his birth, his parents took a pub near the Port of Hamburg.

paragraph: On 4 April 1887, his sister Frieda was born (died 8 July 1967 Hamburg). In March 1892, Thälmann's parents were convicted and sentenced to two years in prison, because they had bought stolen goods or had taken them for debt payment. Thälmann and his younger sister Frieda were separated and placed for care in different families. Thälmann's parents were released early; his mother in May, and his father in October 1893. His parents' offense would be used 36 years later in the campaign against Ernst Thälmann.

paragraph: From 1893 to 1900, Thälmann attended elementary school. He later described history, natural history, folklore, mathematics, gymnastics and sports as his favorite subjects. However, he did not like religion. In the mid-1890s, his parents opened a vegetable, coal and wagon shop in Eilbek, a suburb of Hamburg. In this business, he had to help after school. Thälmann did his schoolwork in the morning before classes started. Despite this burden, Thälmann was a good student who enjoyed learning. His desire to become a teacher or to learn a trade was not fulfilled because his parents refused to give him the necessary money. He had to continue working in his parents' business, causing much sorrow and conflict with his parents. Therefore, he sought a job as an unskilled worker in the port. Here the ten-year-old Thälmann came in contact with the port workers on strike from November 1896 till February 1897, the bitter labor dispute known as the Hamburg dockworkers strike 1896/97.

paragraph: Section::::Leaving home; World War I.

paragraph: At the beginning of 1902, he left home. He first he lived in an emergency shelter, later in a basement apartment, and in 1904 he was fireman on the steam engine freight ship "AMERIKA" which also traveled to the USA. He was a Social Democratic Party member during 1903. On 1 February 1904, he joined the "Central Union of Trade, transport and traffic workers of Germany" and ascended to the chairman of the 'Department carters'. In 1913, he supported a call of Rosa Luxemburg for a mass strike as a means of action of the SPD to enforce political demands. From 1913 to 1914, he worked for a laundry as a coachman.

paragraph: In January 1915, one day before he was called up for military service in World War I, he married Rosa Koch. At the beginning of 1915, he was posted to the artillery on the western front, where he stayed till the end of the war, during the course of which he was wounded twice. He said that he fought in the following battles: Battle of Champagne (1915–1916), Battle of the Somme (1916), Second battle of the Aisne, Battle of Soissons, Battle of Cambrai (1917) (1917) and Battle of Arras (1917).

paragraph: Thälmann received several awards:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Iron cross second class

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hanseatic Cross

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wound Badge

paragraph: Towards the end of 1917, he became a member of the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD). In October 1918, Thälmann deserted together with four fellow soldiers. He did not return from home to the front. On the day of the German Revolution, 9 November 1918, he wrote in his diary on the Western Front, "...did a bunk from the Front with 4 comrades at 2 o'clock."

paragraph: In Hamburg, he participated in the construction of Hamburg Workers' and Soldiers. From March 1919, he was chairman of the USPD in Hamburg and a member of the Hamburg Parliament. At the same time he worked as relief worker in the Hamburg city park, then he found a well-paying job at the employment office. He rose to Inspector.

paragraph: When the USPD split over the question whether to join the Communist International (Comintern), Thälmann sided with the pro-Communist faction which in November 1920 merged with the KPD. In December Thälmann was elected to the Central Committee of the KPD. In March 1921 he was fired from his job at the employment office due to his political activities. That summer Thälmann went as a representative of the KPD to the Congress of the Comintern in Moscow and met Vladimir Lenin.

paragraph: In June 1922, Thälmann survived an assassination attempt at his flat. Terrorists from the ultranationalist group Organisation Consul threw a hand grenade into his ground floor flat. His wife and daughter were unhurt; Thälmann himself came home only later.

paragraph: Thälmann participated in and helped to organise the Hamburg Uprising of October 1923. The uprising failed, and Thälmann went to underground for some time. After the death of Lenin in January 1924, Thälmann visited Moscow and for some time maintained a guard of honour at his bier. From February 1924 he was deputy chairman of the KPD and, from May, a Reichstag member. At the 5th Congress of the Comintern that summer he was elected to the Comintern executive committee and a short time later to its steering committee. In February 1925 he became chairman of the "Rote Frontkämpferbund" (RFB), the defence organisation of the KPD.

paragraph: In October 1925 Thälmann became chairman of the KPD and that year was a candidate for the German Presidency. Thälmann's candidacy in the second round of the presidential election split the centre-left vote and ensured that the conservative Paul von Hindenburg defeated the Centre Party's Wilhelm Marx. In October 1926 Thälmann supported in person the dockers' strike in his home town of Hamburg. He saw this as solidarity with the British miners' strike which had started on 1 May and had been profitable for Hamburg Docks as an alternative supplier of coal. Thälmann's argument was that this "strike-breaking" in Hamburg had to be stopped. In March, he took part in a demonstration in Berlin, where he was injured by a blow from a sword.

paragraph: In 1928 during the "Wittorf affair" he was ousted from the party central committee for trying to cover up embezzlement by a party official who was his close friend and protégé, John Wittorf, possibly for tactical reasons. But Stalin intervened and had Thälmann reinstated, signalling the beginning of a purge and completing the "Stalinization" of the KPD.

paragraph: Section::::"Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands" (KPD).:KPD vs SPD.

paragraph: At the 12th party congress of the KPD in June 1929 in Berlin-Wedding, Thälmann adopted a policy of confrontation with the SPD. This followed the events of "Bloody May", in which 32 people were killed by the police in an attempt to suppress demonstrations which had been banned by the Interior Minister, Carl Severing, a Social Democrat.

paragraph: During that time, Thälmann and the KPD fought the SPD as their main political enemy, acting according to the Comintern policy which declared Social Democrats to be "social fascists". By 1927, Karl Kilbom, the Comintern representative to Germany, had started to combat this ultra leftist tendency of Thälmann within the German Communist Party, but found it to be impossible when he found Stalin was against him. Another aspect of this strategy was to attempt to win over the leftist elements of the Nazi Party, especially the SA, who largely came from a working-class background and supported socialist economic policies. These guidelines on social democracy as "social fascism" remained in force until 1935 when the Comintern officially endorsed a "popular front" of socialists, liberals and conservatives against the Nazi threat. By that time, Adolf Hitler had come to power and the KPD had largely been destroyed.

paragraph: In March 1932, Thälmann was once again a candidate for the German Presidency, against the incumbent Paul von Hindenburg and Hitler. The KPD's slogan was "A vote for Hindenburg is a vote for Hitler; a vote for Hitler is a vote for war." Thälmann returned as a candidate in the second round of the election, as it was permitted by the German electoral law, but his vote count lessened from 4,983,000 (13.2%), in the first round, to 3,707,000 (10.2%). After the Nazis came to power in January 1933, Thälmann proposed that the SPD and KPD should organise a general strike to topple Hitler, but this was not achieved. In February 1933, a Central Committee meeting of the already banned KPD took place in Königs Wusterhausen at the "Sporthaus Ziegenhals", near Berlin, where Thälmann called for the violent overthrow of Hitler's government. Following the Reichstag fire, on 3 March he was arrested in Berlin by the police.

paragraph: Section::::Imprisonment and execution.

paragraph: On the afternoon of 3 March 1933 Thälmann was arrested together with his personal secretary at the home of Hans and Martha Kluczynski in Berlin-Charlottenburg (Lutzow street 9, today Alt-Lietzow 11). The arrest was undertaken by eight officers of police station 121. This was preceded by a denunciation by Hermann Hilliges, garden neighbor of the Kluczynskis in Gatow. In the preceding days, at least four other people had also passed on their knowledge of the connection Kluczynski-Thälmann to the police. Thälmann had used the accommodation in Lutzow street for several years occasionally, and then again in January 1933.

paragraph: Although it was not among the six illegal neighborhoods that the military-political apparatus of the KPD had prepared for Thälmann, it was not considered known to the police. Thälmann had led a Politbüro meeting in a bar in the Lichtenberg Gudrunstraße on 27 February. On his way back he was informed by communist functionaries about the Reichstag fire, and the sudden onset of mass arrests.

paragraph: After the German–Soviet Non-Aggression Pact and Germany's invasion of Poland of 1939, and despite Thälmann's loyalty to Stalin during his time leading the KPD, Moscow pragmatically removed a slogan for the 1939 International Youth Day which read in part, "Long live Comrade Thälmann!" It was replaced with what read in part, "Long live the wise foreign policy of the Soviet Union, guided by Comrade Stalin's instructions."

paragraph: Thälmann spent over eleven years in solitary confinement. In August 1944, he was transferred from Bautzen prison to Buchenwald concentration camp, where he was shot on 18 August. His body was immediately cremated. Shortly after, the Nazis claimed in an announcement that, together with Rudolf Breitscheid, Thälmann had died in an Allied bombing attack on 23 August.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: While heading the KPD, Thälmann closely aligned the German Communists with the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Supporters of a more autonomous course were expelled.

paragraph: During World War I and the Weimar Republic, the KPD competed for leadership of the working class with the more moderate Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), particularly after the latter supported German involvement in the War. Thälmann and the KPD focused their attacks primarily on the SPD to prevent it from retaining power.

paragraph: During the Spanish Civil War, several units of German republican volunteers (most notably the Thälmann Battalion of the International Brigades) were named in his honour. During World War II, Yugoslavia's leader Josip Broz Tito organized a company of Danube Swabians and Wehrmacht defectors as the Ernst Thälmann Company to fight the Nazis.

paragraph: In 1935 the former town of Ostheim in Ukraine was renamed Telmanove (Donetsk Oblast).

paragraph: After 1945, Thälmann, and other leading communists who had been murdered, such as Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht, were widely honoured in East Germany, with many schools, streets, factories, etc., named after them. Many of these names were changed after German reunification, but streets and squares named after Thälmann remain in Berlin, Hamburg, Greifswald and Frankfurt an der Oder. The East German pioneer organisation was named the Ernst Thälmann Pioneer Organisation in his memory. Members pledged that "Ernst Thälmann is my role model ... I promise to learn to work and fight [struggle] as Ernst Thälmann teaches".

paragraph: In the 1950s, an East German film in two parts, "Ernst Thälmann", was produced. In 1972, Cuba named a small island, Cayo Ernesto Thaelmann, after him.

paragraph: In Ho Chi Minh City, the secondary school THPT Ernst Thalmann (Ten Lơ Man) was named after him.

paragraph: The British Communist composer and activist Cornelius Cardew named his "Thälmann Variations" for piano in Thälmann's memory.

paragraph: The East German weapons factory was named after Thälmann, the VEB Ernst Thälmann Waffenfabrik.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ernst Thälmann Island

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography of Ernst Thälmann on the website of the Deutsches Historisches Museum

paragraph: BULLET::::- Timeline of Ernst Thälmann's life (in German), at the Lebendiges Museum Online (LEMO): Gerade auf LeMO gesehen: LeMO Biografie

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Discourses and writings by and about Ernst Thälmann, on the Marxists Internet Archive.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ernst Thälmann Memorial in Hamburg, Germany

paragraph: BULLET::::- German song about Ernst Thälmann with DDR film footage

enwikiquote_title: Ernst Thälmann

wikidata_label: Ernst Thälmann

wikipedia_title: Ernst Thälmann


text:
Armenian
historian
political activist
Armenian National Assembly
Kum Kapu demonstration
Armenian Genocide
Van
Ottoman Empire
Armenian Revolutionary Movement
Social Democrat Hunchakian Party
Constantinople
Hampartsoum Boyadjian
Armenian Question
mass demonstration
Kumkapı
Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople
mass
Yildiz Palace
Akka
Palestine
Cyprus
Cairo
Young Turk Revolution
Armenian National Assembly
Armenian leaders deported
Armenian Genocide
Ayaş
Ankara
Rupen Zartarian
Sarkis Minassian
Khachatur Malumian
Nazaret Daghavarian
Diyarbakir
Urfa
Siverek
Special Organization

categories: Armenian prisoners sentenced to death,Armenian revolutionaries,People who died in the Armenian Genocide,Armenian expatriates in Cyprus,Political office-holders in the Ottoman Empire,Prisoners sentenced to death by Turkey,Legislators in Turkey,Prisoners and detainees of the Ottoman Empire,1855 births,1915 deaths,Armenians of the Ottoman Empire,People from Van, Turkey,Social Democrat Hunchakian Party politicians

paragraph: Harutiun Jangülian

paragraph: Harutiun Jangülian (; 1855 – 15 June 1915) was an Armenian historian, political activist, and member of the Armenian National Assembly. He was especially known for his involvement in the Kum Kapu demonstration. He spent six years imprisoned in exile. He returned to Constantinople and continued his political activity after his release. Jangülian was arrested on 24 April 1915, at the beginning of the Armenian Genocide, deported, and ultimately executed.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Harutiun Jangülian was born to an Armenian family in 1855 in Van, within the Ottoman Empire. At the time, Van was considered one of the centers of the Armenian Revolutionary Movement. He joined the Social Democrat Hunchakian Party while in Van and moved to Constantinople in 1884. There Jangülian met leading political activist Hampartsoum Boyadjian of the Hnchak party. The two eventually became the chief organizers of the Kum Kapu demonstration.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.:Kum Kapu demonstration.

paragraph: Towards the close of the nineteenth century, Armenian revolutionary societies began to agitate for reform and renewed European attention to the Armenian Question. The Hnchak party in particular used mass demonstration tactics.

paragraph: The Kum Kapu demonstration took place on 27 July 1890 in Constantinople's Kumkapı district, where the Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople is located. Jangülian interrupted a mass by stepping onto the altar and reading aloud a statement concerning maltreatment of Armenians, which denounced the church's leadership as indifferent. Demonstrators then forced the patriarch to join a procession heading to Yildiz Palace to demand reforms for the Armenian provinces. As the procession formed, police surrounded the crowd and shots were fired, resulting in several fatalities, including that of a policeman. Other sources claim seven deaths, including four police.

paragraph: Although some considered Jangülian a hero, he was subsequently sentenced to death, but the Sultan commuted his sentence to life imprisonment in exile. He was exiled to Akka, Palestine and imprisoned in a fortress. He remained there until being pardoned and released in 1896. However, some sources claim he escaped.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.:Life after prison.

paragraph: Once free, Jangülian went to Cyprus where he tried to unify the Social Democrat Hunchakian Party, which had become divided over various political disagreements.

paragraph: Jangülian then moved to Cairo and became an editor of the local Armenian newspaper "Timagavor". He later moved to Europe, where he sought to unite various Armenian political parties under one umbrella. After the Young Turk Revolution in 1908, he returned to Constantinople, remaining politically active in the Hunchakian Party. He was elected as a deputy to the Armenian National Assembly representing the district of Gedikpaşa.

paragraph: In 1913, he published four volumes of his memoirs on Armenian Revolutionary figures and their activities, entitled "Memories of the Armenian Crisis" (Armenian: Հիշատակներ հայկական ճգնաժամեն).

paragraph: Section::::Execution.

paragraph: Jangülian was one of the Armenian leaders deported during the Armenian Genocide. He was arrested on 24 April 1915 and sent via train to Ayaş, a village near Ankara, to be imprisoned along with other Armenian intellectuals. On 2 June, a group including Jangülian, Rupen Zartarian, Sarkis Minassian, Khachatur Malumian, and Nazaret Daghavarian were taken out. Ostensibly, they to be sent to undergo a court-martial in Diyarbakir; however, Jangülian along with the rest were executed en route in the area of Karacur between Urfa and Severek (today Siverek). The order for the execution was given from Captain Şevket to Haci Onbaşı, a member of the Special Organization.

description: Armenian politician

wikidata_label: Harutiun Djangulian

wikipedia_title: Harutiun Jangülian


text:
Roman Catholic
Holy See
Ghilarza
Oristano
Sardinia
Diocese of Ampurias-Tempio
Pontifical Lateran University
Tempio Pausania
University of Sassari
Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy
Holy See
Joseph Mees
apartheid
Pope John Paul II
Titular Archbishop
Tronto
Pope Benedict XVI
Pope Francis

categories: 1943 births,Diplomats of the Holy See,Apostolic Nuncios to Croatia,Apostolic Nuncios to Malta,Apostolic Nuncios to South Africa,Apostolic Nuncios to Botswana,Apostolic Nuncios to Burkina Faso,Apostolic Nuncios to Gabon,Apostolic Nuncios to Ivory Coast,2017 deaths,Italian titular archbishops,Apostolic Nuncios to Namibia,Apostolic Nuncios to Eswatini,Apostolic Nuncios to the Republic of the Congo,Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy alumni,Apostolic Nuncios to Niger

paragraph: Mario Roberto Cassari

paragraph: Mario Roberto Cassari (27 August 1943 – 19 August 2017) was an Italian Roman Catholic archbishop and diplomat. He joined the diplomatic service of the Holy See in 1977 and served as apostolic nuncio in several countries from the time he became an archbishop in 1999 until he retired in 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Mario Roberto Cassari was born in Ghilarza, Oristano, Sardinia, Italy on 27 August 1943. He was ordained a priest for the Diocese of Ampurias-Tempio on 27 December 1969. He obtained a degree in theology and a licentiate in canon law at Pontifical Lateran University in Rome. From 1969 to 1974 he was parochial vicar at the Cathedral of Tempio Pausania, taught school, was a bishop’s secretary and studied pedagogy at the University of Sassari.

paragraph: He then studied at the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy in Rome and entered the diplomatic service of the Holy See on 22 March 1977. He worked in the Apostolic Nunciatures in Pakistan, Colombia, Ecuador, Sudan, South Africa, Japan, Austria, Lithuania (Latvia/Estonia), Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia/Montenegro) and Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 1987, when the departure of the Apostolic Nunzio to South Africa Joseph Mees left him temporarily in charge of the nunciature there, he addressed a meeting of South Africa’s bishops and directly contradicted Mees' position that Pope John Paul’s strictures against involvement in politics applied to South Africa bishops under apartheid. He received a standing ovation when he said:

paragraph: On 3 August 1999 Pope John Paul II appointed him Titular Archbishop of Tronto and Apostolic Nuncio to Congo and Gabon. He received his episcopal consecration on 16 October 1999. On 31 July 2004 John Paul appointed him Apostolic Nuncio to Ivory Coast and Burkina Faso, and on 8 September 2004 also Apostolic Nuncio to Niger. On 14 February 2008 Pope Benedict XVI named him Apostolic Nuncio to Croatia. On 10 March 2012 he was appointed Apostolic Nuncio to South Africa, Botswana, Namibia and Swaziland, adding Lesotho a week later.

paragraph: Pope Francis named him Apostolic Nuncio to Malta on 22 May 2015.

paragraph: He retired in April 2017 and died on 19 August 2017.

description: diplomat

wikidata_label: Mario Roberto Cassari

wikipedia_title: Mario Roberto Cassari


text:
Sainte-Hermine
Du Croisy
Poitiers
Marie-Angélique
Molière's company
Dourdan

categories: 1703 deaths,People from Vendée,17th-century French actresses

paragraph: Marie Claveau

paragraph: Marie Claveau (died September 1703) was a 17th-century French actress.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Born in Sainte-Hermine, her first marriage was in 1635 to Nicolas de Lécole, Lord of Saint-Maurice. After his death, she married Philibert Gassot, known as Du Croisy, at Poitiers on 29 July 1652. They had at least two daughters - Angélique (died aged nine) and Marie-Angélique (who followed her mother into acting).

paragraph: She joined Molière's company in 1659, where she gained her stage name Mademoiselle du Croisy (a stage-name also taken by her daughter). Her poor acting and friction with other company members led to her departure from it in 1665. She retired and died in Dourdan in 1703.

description: French actress

wikidata_label: Marie Claveau

wikipedia_title: Marie Claveau


text:
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Western Conservatory of Music
Winfield, Kansas
El Dorado, Kansas

categories: American singers,1930 deaths,1856 births,People from Milwaukee

paragraph: Fannie De Grasse Black

paragraph: Frances "Fannie" De Grasse Black (November 21, 1856 - August 28, 1930) was a singer and pianist.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Frances "Fannie" De Grasse was born in Canada, on November 21, 1856.

paragraph: She moved with her parents to the United States and made her home in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where she was educated in the high and normal schools, graduating in 1874. At ten years of age she began the study of piano and sight singing, continuing until her sixteenth year, when she became a pupil of Prof. William Mickler, formerly director in court to the Duke of Hesse, Germany, studying with him for four years.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Fannie De Grasse sang in public when she was only six years old, and made her debut in classic music at the age of eighteen, under the direction of Professor Mickler, in the concerts of the Milwaukee German Musical Society.

paragraph: Later on De Grasse took up the study of the pipe organ and in 1892 became an organist of the Presbyterian church, El Dorado.

paragraph: She became an instructor at the Western Conservatory of Music, of Kansas City and Chicago, in El Dorado.

paragraph: She sang equally well in English, German and Italian.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Fannie De Grasse moved from Milwaukee to Winfield, Kansas, at the home of some relatives, for health reasons. In 1872 De Grasse went to El Dorado, Kansas, to conduct a "musical convention" and met Judge Samuel Edward Black.

paragraph: In 1881 Fannie De Grasse married Samuel Edward Black (died September 27, 1916) and her El Dorado home was a center of music and refinement. They had one daughter, Grace Louise, who later married Burns Hegler, editor and manager of The Walnut Valley Times. After the marriage De Grasse's dreams of an operatic career somehow faded and she established herself as an instructor in music for almost forty years.

paragraph: She died on August 28, 1930, in her old home in El Dorado, and is buried with her husband at Belle Vista Cemetery, El Dorado.

description: American singer and pianist

wikidata_label: Fannie De Grasse Black

wikipedia_title: Fannie De Grasse Black


text:
samurai
Ashimori Domain
Bitchū Province
Okayama
Osaka
Naka Tenyū
Edo
Tokugawa shogunate
national isolation policy
Tekijuku
cholera
smallpox
vaccination
Kyushu
shōgun
Tokugawa Iemochi
hemoptysis
tuberculosis
Fukuzawa Yukichi
Ōmura Masujirō
Ōtori Keisuke
Takeda Ayasaburō
Nagayo Sensai
Sana Tsunetami
Tezuka Osamu
Tezuka Ryōan
pathology
History of Osaka University

categories: 1810 births,19th-century Japanese physicians,Japanese educators,19th-century deaths from tuberculosis,Japanese writers of the Edo period,1863 deaths,Rangaku,People from Okayama

paragraph: Ogata Kōan

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Ogata was born in 1810 to a family of low-ranking samurai of Ashimori Domain in Bitchū Province in what is now part of the city of Okayama. He moved to Osaka in 1825 with his father, and began studies in rangaku and medicine at a private academy run by Naka Tenyū from 1826. In 1831, he relocated to Edo to continue his studies in western medicine, returning to Nagasaki in 1836 to study under the Dutch doctor Erdewin Johannes Niemann, despite the Tokugawa shogunate's strict national isolation policy.

paragraph: In 1838, Ogata returned to Osaka to establish his medical practice, and in the same year established the Tekijuku, an academy of rangaku studies, where he taught medicine, natural history, chemistry and physics for the next 24 years. Ogata used his small but precious collection of Dutch books, including a Dutch-Japanese dictionary and a Dutch encyclopedia, to teach his pupils to read scientific Dutch texts. He also wrote several books, including a treatise entitled "How to treat cholera", which he compiled in haste from various European sources during the great cholera epidemic of 1858.

paragraph: From December 1849, he struggled to gain acceptance of the new smallpox vaccination, eventually opening 186 vaccination centers from Edo to Kyushu, and obtaining official recognition of the method in 1858. In 1862, Ogata was appointed personal physician to "shōgun" Tokugawa Iemochi, who supported the introduction of western medicine and the establishment of a western medicine research institute in Edo. However, Ogata died a few months later in July 1863 of acute hemoptysis, caused by the tuberculosis he had suffered from for many years.

paragraph: His house still exists in downtown Osaka. Built in a conventional eighteenth-century style, the students left their mark on the central post of the second-floor classroom, slashing and hacking it with their swords.

paragraph: Section::::Famous alumni.

paragraph: Alumni of the Tekijuku include Fukuzawa Yukichi, Ōmura Masujirō, Ōtori Keisuke, Takeda Ayasaburō, Nagayo Sensai, Sana Tsunetami and the manga artist Tezuka Osamu's ancestor Tezuka Ryōan.

paragraph: Section::::Books.

paragraph: Ogata was the author of "Byōgakutsūron" (病学通論), which was the first book on pathology to be published in Japan.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of Osaka University

alias:
Ogata Koan
Ogata Kouan

description: Japanese physician

wikidata_label: Ogata Kōan

wikipedia_title: Ogata Kōan


text:
hermit
Syria
Equestrian Guard
Byzantine Emperor
Theodosius II
monk
Constantinople
heresy
Council of Chalcedon
hermitage
Bithynia
Chalcedon
Kadiköy
Yeditepe University
Auxentius of Mopsuestia
Auxentius of Milan
Milan
Auxentius of Durostorum
saint
Eastern Orthodox Church
Byzantine Catholic
Roman Catholic
Christian monasticism
Stylites
Poustinia
Vendemianus of Bithynia
Patron Saints Index at Catholic Forum

categories: 473 deaths,Saints from Roman Anatolia,5th-century Byzantine people,Byzantine saints,5th-century Christian saints,400 births

paragraph: Auxentius of Bithynia

paragraph: Auxentius of Bithynia was a hermit born circa AD 400 in Syria, and died February 14, 473, on Mount Scopas.

paragraph: Auxentius was in the Equestrian Guard of Byzantine Emperor Theodosius II, but left to become a solitary monk on Mount Oxia near Constantinople. He was accused of heresy but was exonerated at the Council of Chalcedon. Afterward he returned to his hermitage atop Mount Scopas, in Bithynia, not far from Chalcedon. This mountain is today called Kayışdağ in the Kadiköy subprovince of Istanbul, the seat of Yeditepe University. The hill is thickly wooded and no remains from the late Roman period have been identified.

paragraph: He is not to be confused with Saint Auxentius of Mopsuestia (d. 360), bishop and martyr, and an Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic saint, Auxentius of Milan (d. 374), bishop of Milan, or Auxentius of Durostorum.

paragraph: Auxentius of Bithynia is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church, Byzantine Catholic, and Roman Catholic Churches. His feast day is February 14.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Christian monasticism

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stylites

paragraph: BULLET::::- Poustinia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vendemianus of Bithynia

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Patron Saints Index at Catholic Forum

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/92724

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=1639

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://saints.sqpn.com/saint-auxentius-of-bithynia/

description: hermit

wikidata_label: Auxentius of Bithynia

wikipedia_title: Auxentius of Bithynia


text:
United States Navy
aviator
Pacific theater
World War II
posthumous
Medal of Honor
Aberdeen, Washington
Nevada
United States Naval Academy
Ensign
battleship
Naval Air Station
Pensacola, Florida
Observation Squadron 4B
Bombing Squadron 5B
aircraft carrier
Panama Canal Zone
Coco Solo
Patrol Squadron 2F
light cruiser
Naval Air Station, Anacostia
Lieutenant Commander
Kapingamarangi Atoll
Eastern Caroline Islands
fighter
Japan
Medal of Honor
Jefferson Barracks National Cemetery
Missouri
Arlington National Cemetery
Greenwich Island
Solomon Islands
antiaircraft fire
machine gun
Naval Air Station Fallon
List of Medal of Honor recipients

categories: United States Naval Academy alumni,United States Navy officers,1943 deaths,American naval personnel killed in World War II,1908 births,American people of Dutch descent,United States Navy Medal of Honor recipients,United States Naval Aviators

paragraph: Bruce Van Voorhis

paragraph: Bruce Avery Van Voorhis (January 29, 1908 - July 6, 1943) was a United States Navy aviator who was shot down in the Pacific theater during World War II. For his action on July 6, 1943, he was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Van Voorhis was born on January 29, 1908 in Aberdeen, Washington and grew up in Nevada. He was appointed to the United States Naval Academy in June 1925.

paragraph: Following graduation from the Academy on June 6, 1929, Ensign Van Voorhis reported for duty in the battleship . That assignment lasted until November 1930 when he transferred to the Naval Air Station in Pensacola, Florida for aviation training.

paragraph: He received his wings on September 3, 1931 and was assigned to the as a member of Observation Squadron 4B (VO-4B). In June 1934, he transferred to Bombing Squadron 5B on board the aircraft carrier , and soon thereafter, to VB-2B attached to . From July 1935 until May 1937, he served in the Panama Canal Zone and flew patrols from Coco Solo with Patrol Squadron 2F (VP-2F). The following June, Van Voorhis returned to carrier-based aviation and served first in , then in , and finally back to "Enterprise". In June 1940, Van Voorhis joined the aviation unit assigned to the light cruiser where he served for a year. In July 1941, he reported for duty at the Naval Air Station, Anacostia, where he served until November 1942.

paragraph: In December 1942, Van Voorhis, a Lieutenant Commander since July, assumed command of VP-14, but soon thereafter took command of VB-102. While serving in that capacity, LCDR Van Voorhis was killed near Hare Island of the Kapingamarangi Atoll, the southernmost of the Eastern Caroline Islands. After a 700-mile flight alone, LCDR Van Voorhis launched successive bombing and strafing attacks on the enemy ground installations. During his attack, he succeeded in destroying a radio station, anti-aircraft emplacements, and at least one airborne fighter as well as three others on the water. However, the strength of Japanese aerial opposition eventually forced Van Voorhis lower and lower until the anti-aircraft barrage, the fighters, or perhaps his own bomb blasts, caused the aircraft to crash. He was posthumously promoted to Commander and awarded the Medal of Honor.

paragraph: Van Voorhis is buried in the Jefferson Barracks National Cemetery in St. Louis County, Missouri. He has a headstone at Arlington National Cemetery which reads "In Memory of Bruce Van Voorhis".

paragraph: Section::::Medal of Honor citation.

paragraph: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty as Squadron Commander of Bombing Squadron 102 and as Plane Commander of a PB4Y-I Patrol Bomber operating against the enemy on Japanese-held Greenwich Island during the battle of the Solomon Islands, July 6, 1943. Fully aware of the limited chance of surviving an urgent mission, voluntarily undertaken to prevent a surprise Japanese attack against our forces, Lt. Comdr. Van Voorhis took off in total darkness on a perilous 700-mile flight without escort or support. Successful in reaching his objective despite treacherous and varying winds, low visibility and difficult terrain, he fought a lone but relentless battle under fierce antiaircraft fire and overwhelming aerial opposition. Forced lower and lower by pursuing planes, he coolly persisted in his mission of destruction. Abandoning all chance of a safe return he executed 6 bold ground-level attacks to demolish the enemy's vital radio station, installations, antiaircraft guns and crews with bombs and machine gun fire, and to destroy 1 fighter plane in the air and 3 on the water. Caught in his own bomb blast, Lt. Comdr. Van Voorhis crashed into the lagoon off the beach, sacrificing himself in a single-handed fight against almost insuperable odds, to make a distinctive contribution to our continued offensive in driving the Japanese from the Solomons and, by his superb daring, courage and resoluteness of purpose, enhanced the finest traditions of the U.S. Naval Service. He gallantly gave his life for his country.

paragraph: Section::::Namesakes and honors.

paragraph: The U.S. Navy was named in honor of LCDR Van Voorhis. The "Van Voorhis" was commissioned on April 22, 1957; she was decommissioned on July 1, 1972.

paragraph: The airfield at Naval Air Station Fallon is also named in his honor.

paragraph: There is also a United States Naval Sea Cadet Corps unit under his name the Van Voorhis squadron in Las Vegas, Nevada.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Medal of Honor recipients

wikidata_label: Bruce Van Voorhis

wikipedia_title: Bruce Van Voorhis


text:
Al-Ismāʿīliyyah
Yemen
Sulayhid Dynasty
Hujja
Isma'ili
Shia Islam
God
will
Al-Ḥurrah
Sabaʾ
Asma bint Shihab
khutba
Queen Arwa Mosque
Hijri
CE
Haraz
Ali al-Sulayhi
Sana'a
Asma bint Shihab
Ahmad al-Mukarram
Aden
mahr
Quran
hadith
de jure
Fatimid Caliph
Al-Mustansir Billah
Jibla
Najahid
Sa'id ibn Najar
Zabīd
Ahmad al-Mukarram
Saba ibn Ahmad
consummated
dawah
Hujja
da'i
western India
Gujarat
Dawoodi Bohra
Sulaymani
Alavi
schism
India
Imām at-Tāyyīb
Taiyabi Ismaili
Al-Hafiz
al-Āmir bi'Aḥkāmill-Lāh
Zoeb bin Moosa
Da'i al-Mutlaq
at-Tāyyīb Abū l-Qāsim
Hafizi
Ayyubid
Sulaymani
Dawoodi Bohra
Alavi Bohra
Samarra
Palace of Queen Arwa
eponymous mosque
pilgrimage
Queen Arwa University
Mustali
Sulaymanis
Taiyabi
Ismāʿīlī

categories: Yemeni Ismailis,Rulers of Yemen,11th-century women rulers,1048 births,1138 deaths,Arab queens,Musta'li,Dawoodi Bohras,Sulayhid dynasty

paragraph: Arwa al-Sulayhi

paragraph: Arwa Al-Sulayhi, full name "Arwā bint Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Jaʿfar ibn Mūsā Aṣ-Ṣulayḥī Al-Ismāʿīliyyah" (, c. 1048–1138, died 22nd Shaban, 532 AH or May 5, 1138) was a long-reigning ruler of Yemen, firstly as the co-ruler of her first two husbands and then as sole ruler, from 1067 until her death in 1138. She was the last of the rulers of the Sulayhid Dynasty and was also the first woman to be accorded the prestigious title of "Hujjah" in the Isma'ili branch of Shia Islam, signifying her as the closest living image of God's will in her lifetime, in the Ismaili doctrine. She is popularly referred to as "As-Sayyidah Al-Ḥurrah" (), "Al-Malikah Al-Ḥurrah" ( or "Al-Ḥurrātul-Malikah" (), and "Malikat Sabaʾ Aṣ-Ṣaghīrah" ().

paragraph: As female sovereign, Arwa has an almost unique position in history: though there were more female monarchs in the international Muslim world, Arwa and Asma bint Shihab were the only female monarchs in the Muslim Arab world to have had the "khutbah", the ultimate recognition of Muslim monarchial status, proclaimed in their name in the mosques. She founded several mosques, the most prominent of which is Queen Arwa Mosque.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Arwa was born in 440 Hijri (1048 CE) in the Haraz, which was the heartland of Isma'ilism in Yemen. She was the niece of the then-ruler of Yemen, Ali al-Sulayhi. Orphaned at a young age, she was brought up in the palace at Sana'a under the tutorship of her aunt, the formidable Asma bint Shihab, her mother in Law, co-ruler with, and wife of, Ali bin Muhammad. In 1066, at the age of 17, Arwa married her cousin Ahmad al-Mukarram bin Ali bin Muhammad As Sulaihi, with the city of Aden as her "mahr", and Queen Asma became her mother-in-law. Arwa assisted her mother-in-law and her husband after death of Ali al-Sulayhi. She had four children, Muhammad, Ali, Fatimah and Umm Hamdan.

paragraph: Arwa is said by the chroniclers of her time to be brave, devout and have an independent character. She was also seen as highly intelligent and well learned, having a great memory for poems, stories and historical events. She was very knowledgeable in the sciences of the Quran and the hadith. The chroniclers also mention her as being extremely beautiful.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Reign.

paragraph: Following the death of Sayyid Ali al-Sulayhi in 1067, Sayyada Arwa's husband Ahmad became the "de jure" ruler of Yemen, but he was unable to rule, being paralyzed and bedridden. He gave all of his power to Arwa, and she had her name mentioned in the "khutbah" directly after the name of the Fatimid Caliph, Al-Mustansir Billah, signifying her authority to rule. She reigned as co-regent of her mother-in-law until the latter's death in 1087. In contrast to her mother-in-law, Queen Asma, Arwa did not appear unveiled when she attended councils as Asma had famously done. The reason for this was reportedly that because she was much younger than her mother-in-law, it would have been more risky in her case to follow that example. However, although she was veiled, she still attended state councils in person and thus mixed with men, and refused to conduct the meetings hidden by a screen.

paragraph: One of her first actions was to move the capital from Sana'a to Jibla, in order to be in a better position to destroy the Najahid ruler Sa'id ibn Najar of Zabīd, and thus avenge her father-in-law's death. This she managed to do by luring him into a trap in 1088. She built a new palace at Jibla, and transformed the old palace into a great mosque where she was eventually buried.

paragraph: After the death of Ahmad al-Mukarram, Sayyada Arwa was encouraged by Al-Mustansir Billah to marry her late husband's cousin, Saba ibn Ahmad. This she did reluctantly in 1091 in order to remain in power, but she probably did not allow the marriage to be consummated. She continued to rule Yemen until Saba died in 1101. From that time on she ruled alone.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Religious policy.

paragraph: Arwa was given the highest rank in the Yemeni "dawah", that of "Hujjat", by Imām Al-Mustansir Billah in 1084. This was the first time that a woman had ever been given such a status in the whole history of Islam. Under her rule, Shi'ite da'is were sent to western India. Owing to her patronage of missions, an Ismāʿīlī community was established in Gujarat in the second half of the 11th century, which still survives there today as Dawoodi Bohra, Sulaymani and Alavi.

paragraph: In the 1094 schism, Arwa supported Al-Musta'li to be the rightful successor to Al-Mustansir Billah. Due to the high opinion in which Arwa was held in Yemen and western India, these two areas followed her in regarding Imām al-Musta'li as the new Fatimid Caliph.

paragraph: Through her support of Imām at-Tāyyīb she became head of a new grouping that became known as the Taiyabi Ismaili. Her enemies in Yemen in turn gave their backing to Al-Hafiz but they were unable to remove Sayyadah Arwa from power. The Taiyabi Ismaili believe that Imām al-Āmir bi'Aḥkāmill-Lāh sent a letter to Arwa commissioning her to appoint a vicegerent for his infant son, Imām Taiyyab. In accordance with this wish, she appointed Zoeb bin Moosa as "Da'i al-Mutlaq", the vicegerent of the secluded at-Tāyyīb Abū l-Qāsim. The line of succession continues down to today through the various Taiyabi Duat.

paragraph: Hafizi Ismāʿīlīsm, the following of al-Hafiz, intimately tied to the Fatimid regime in Cairo, disappeared soon after the collapse of the Caliphate in 1171 and the Ayyubid invasion of southern Arabia in 1173. But the Taiyabi dawah, initiated by Arwa, survived in Yemen with its headquarters remaining in Haraz. Due to the close ties between Sulayhid Yemen and Gujarat, the Taiyibi cause was also upheld in western India and Yemen, which gradually became home to the largest population of Taiyabis, known there as Sulaymani, Dawoodi Bohra and Alavi Bohra.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Building works and economic policy.

paragraph: In Sana'a, Arwa had the grand mosque expanded, and the road from the city to Samarra improved. In Jibla, she had a new Palace of Queen Arwa and the eponymous mosque constructed. She is also known to have built numerous schools throughout her realm. Arwa improved the economy, taking an interest in supporting agriculture.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Arwa remained in power until her death in 1138. She was buried beside the mosque that she had had built at Zi Jibla. Her tomb later became a place of pilgrimage. The Queen Arwa University in Sana'a is named after her.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mustali

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sulaymanis

paragraph: BULLET::::- Taiyabi

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sayyida Hurra. "The Ismāʿīlī Sulayhid Queen of Yemen by Farhad Daftary"; contained in the book "Women in the Medieval Islamic World", edited by Gavin R. G. Hambly

description: politician

wikidata_label: Arwa al-Sulayhi

wikipedia_title: Arwa al-Sulayhi


text:
University of Wisconsin-Madison
William Trelease
Hahnemann Medical College
William G. Farlow
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Washington University in St. Louis
College Station, Texas
Benjamin Duggar
Texas root rot
Iowa State University
Iowa Academy of Science
George Washington Carver
Ada Hayden
Greenman
composite
Carleton R. Ball
Frank Lamson-Scribner

categories: American botanists,Writers from La Crosse, Wisconsin,1931 deaths,1862 births,University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni,Washington University in St. Louis alumni

paragraph: Louis Hermann Pammel

paragraph: Louis Hermann Pammel (1862–1931) was an American botanist, conservationist, and professor of botany.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Louis Hermann Pammel was the second of six children and the oldest son of his parents who were Prussian immigrants to Wisconsin. In 1885 he graduated with a bachelor's degree in agriculture from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, where William Trelease taught him in courses in ecology, cryptogamic botany, and botanical taxonomy. In July 1885 he became employed in a Chicago seed company. In October 1885 he became a medical student at Philadelphia's Hahnemann Medical College. However, he soon accepted an offer to work as an assistant to the botanist William G. Farlow at Harvard University and arrived in Cambridge, Massachusetts in early December 1885. In the spring of 1886 Pammel received a letter from William Trelease, his former botany professor at Wisconsin, who had moved in 1885 to Washington University in St. Louis. The letter offered Pammel an assistantship at the Shaw School of Botany with a salary of $50 per month for the eight months of the academic year. He accepted and began work there in the fall of 1886. He became a graduate student there and in 1887 married Augusta Marie Emmel. During the next decade, the couple had six children. In 1887 he had a summer job at the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station at College Station, Texas; he discovered that root rot of cotton plants was caused by a fungus, which Benjamin Duggar in 1916 named "Phymatotricum omnivorum"; it is now known as "Phymatotrichopis omnivorum" or Texas root rot. This discovery gained Pammel a national reputation and he later used this research for his master's degree at the University of Wisconsin. In February 1889 he became a professor of botany at the Iowa State Agricultural College (later renamed Iowa State University). In 1899 he received his PhD from Washington University in St. Louis. At Iowa State, Pammel became head of the department of botany in 1918 and retired as professor emeritus in 1929. He played an important role in securing land for Iowa's state parks.

paragraph: He was president of the Iowa Academy of Science in 1892–1893 and again in 1923–1924.

paragraph: Among Pammel's notable students are George Washington Carver and Ada Hayden.

paragraph: Section::::Eponyms.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Melica subulata" var. "pammelii" (Scribn.) C. L. Hitchc. (Pammel's oniongrass)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hordeum pammelii" Scribn. & Ball (a grass)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Senecio pammelii" Greenman (a composite)

paragraph: Section::::Selected publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- with Julius Buel Weems, Carleton R. Ball, Frank Lamson-Scribner, and Harry Foster Bain: (vol. 1, 1901; vol. 2, 1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- with collaboration from Charlotte M. King, John Nathan Martin, Jules Cool Cunningham, Ada Hayden, and Harriette Susan Kellogg:

description: botanist (1862-1931)

wikidata_label: Louis Hermann Pammel

wikipedia_title: Louis Hermann Pammel


text: Banglar Bodhu

text: Banglar Bodhu

text: National Film Awards

categories: Recipients of Bangladesh National Film Awards,People from Munshiganj District,Bangladeshi lyricists,1952 births,Living people

paragraph: Hasan Fakri

paragraph: Hasan Fakri is a Bangladeshi film lyricist and poet. He won Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Lyrics for the film "Banglar Bodhu" (1993). He edits a magazine called "Parjas".

paragraph: Section::::Notable work.

paragraph: Section::::Notable work.:Filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Banglar Bodhu

paragraph: Section::::Notable work.:Poems.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mutho Mutho Kanna" ("Tears of full Fists")- 1970

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hasan Fakrir Kabita o Gaan" ("Poetry and songs of Hasan Fakri") - 2002

paragraph: Section::::Notable work.:Drama.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bachte Chai" ("Want to Live")- 1972

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ek Khando Bangladesh" ("A Part of Bangladesh")- 1972

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Appointment Letter" - 1975

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Crash Farakka" - 1976

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rakkhosh Sabdhan" ("Monsters, be careful")- 1977

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sareng Lanch Ghorao" ("Sareng, Turn around the Launch")- 1980

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tanor Ekhon Sara Desh", ("Now Tanore is the Whole Country")- 1980

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jadi Emon Hoto" ("If that were the case")- 1982

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Khor Bayu Boy" ("Blowing Stormy Air")- 1983

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Voter Vat" ("Vat of Vote")- 1986

paragraph: Section::::Awards and nominations.

paragraph: National Film Awards

wikidata_label: Hasan Fakri

wikipedia_title: Hasan Fakri


href: Gibelet Byblos House%20of%20Giblet Levant Mamluk Qalawun Fall%20of%20Tripoli%20%281289%29

text:
Gibelet
Byblos
House of Giblet
Levant
Mamluk
Qalawun
capture of Tripoli

paragraph: Peter Embriaco of Giblet

paragraph: Peter Embriaco of Gibelet, lord of the fief of Gibelet (modern Byblos), was the last prince of the House of Giblet (Embriaco family) in the Levant. Following the victory of the Mamluk sultan Qalawun and his capture of Tripoli and the neighbouring cities of Le Boutron and Nefin, Peter managed to keep his lands around Gibelet in exchange for the payment of a tribute to the Sultan.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tyerman, Christopher, "God's war, A new history of the Crusades",

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richard, Jean, "Histoire des Croisades",

wikidata_label: Peter Embriaco of Giblet

wikipedia_title: Peter Embriaco of Giblet


text:
Helsinki
Finland
Finnish rap
Steen Christensen
Danish
anti-establishment
Terrorist
Finnish
Tyttö sinä olet tähti
Parliament of Finland
Communist Party of Finland
Asa
Iso H
Redrama
Jussi Lampi
Official site (in Finnish)

categories: Musicians from Helsinki,1976 births,Living people,Finnish rappers

paragraph: Steen1 (real name Seppo Lampela) (born 1976 in Helsinki, Finland) is a Finnish rap musician. He originally chose the name Steen Christensen, after the Danish criminal who shot two Finnish policemen in 1997, as his moniker, but changed it due to controversy.

paragraph: In 2004 Steen1 released his debut album entitled "Salaliittoteoria" ("Conspiracy Theory"). In September 2005 his second full-length, "Varasta pomolta" ("Steal from the Boss") was released. His lyrics tend to feature aggressive, anti-establishment social critique. His Rap song "Terroristi" (Terrorist) was in the Finnish teen movie "Tyttö sinä olet tähti" ("Girl You're a Star") and his rap song "Sinisiä rappuja ja punaisia hintalappuja" ("Blue blocks and red price tags") was in the movie "Paha maa" "(Frozen Land)"

paragraph: Steen1 ran for the Parliament of Finland in the 2007 elections representing the Communist Party of Finland (SKP). He received the most votes among SKP candidates, but failed to get elected.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Salaliittoteoria" (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Varasta pomolta" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ajatusrikoksia" (compilation, 2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Runoja kontrollihuoneesta" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pesismaila ja Ananas" (under the moniker Liekehtivä sikiö)(2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bensaahan ne pojat tuli hakemaan" (with Jussi Lampi) (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jedin paluu" (2011)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Singles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Samaa uudestaan" (feat. Saimaa) (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Terroristi" (feat. Asa) (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Marssi" (feat. Iso H & Redrama) (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tennispallobiisi" (With Jussi Lampi) (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Itä-Helsinki" (2012)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:EPs.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nottinghamin paskasheriffi" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Valkoinen jänis" (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Paskasheriffin paluu" (2010)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hullu klovni" - 2008

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official site (in Finnish)

description: Finnish rapper


text:
FIBT World Championships
Lake Placid, New York
2009
Bobsleighsport.com profile

categories: Bobsledders at the 2002 Winter Olympics,Japanese male bobsledders,Olympic bobsledders of Japan,Bobsledders at the 1994 Winter Olympics,Bobsledders at the 2010 Winter Olympics,Bobsledders at the 2014 Winter Olympics,Bobsledders at the 1998 Winter Olympics,Living people,1973 births

paragraph: Hiroshi Suzuki (bobsledder)

paragraph: Suzuki's best finish at the FIBT World Championships was 19th in the four-man event at Lake Placid, New York in 2009. His best World Cup finish was 21st on three occasions (twice in 2005, once in 2010).

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bobsleighsport.com profile

description: Japanese bobsleigh

wikidata_label: Hiroshi Suzuki

wikipedia_title: Hiroshi Suzuki (bobsledder)


text:
Paris
French
rower
1920 Summer Olympics
1924 Summer Olympics
coxed pair
Georges Piot
coxless pair
profile

categories: Olympic rowers of France,Medalists at the 1920 Summer Olympics,Olympic medalists in rowing,Medalists at the 1924 Summer Olympics,French male rowers,Olympic silver medalists for France,Rowers at the 1924 Summer Olympics,1965 deaths,1892 births,Sportspeople from Paris,Rowers at the 1920 Summer Olympics

paragraph: Maurice Monney-Bouton

paragraph: Maurice Paul René Monney-Bouton (24 February 1892 in Paris – 15 June 1965) was a French rower who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics and in the 1924 Summer Olympics.

paragraph: In 1920 he won the silver medal as member of the French boat in the coxed pair event. Four years later he won his second silver medal this time with his partner Georges Piot in the coxless pair event.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- profile

alias:
Maurice Monney-Bouton
Maurice Paul René Monney-Bouton
Maurice Bouton

description: French rower

wikidata_label: Maurice Monney-Bouton

wikipedia_title: Maurice Monney-Bouton


text: English

text: courtier

text: parliamentarian

text: Chartley Castle

text: Stowe

text: Staffordshire

text: Barons Ferrers of Chartley

text: Wars of the Roses

text: John Devereux, 8th Baron Ferrers

text: Anne, Baroness Ferrers

text: Sir Walter Devereux

text: Baron Ferrers

text: William, Viscount Bourchier

text: Lady Anne Woodville

text: Henry Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex

text: Isabel, Countess of Essex

text: Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers

text: 9th Baron Ferrers

text: livery

text: High Steward

text: Tamworth

text: Constable

text: Warwick Castle

text: Sir Edward Belknap

text: Steward

text: Manor

text: Borough

text: Warwick

text: War of the League of Cambrai

text: Italian War of 1521-1526

text: France

text: Le Conquet

text: Knight of the Garter

text: Henry VIII of England

text: Sir Thomas Boleyn

text: Earl of Wiltshire

text: Bailiff of Sutton Coldfield

text: Mary, Princess of Wales

text: Chief Justice

text: South Wales

text: High Steward

text: Builth

text: Rhys ap Gruffydd

text: Wales

text: Custos Rotulorum of Cardiganshire

text: Boulogne

text: Viscount Hereford

text: Privy Council

text: Vice

text: Lord Justice

text: Lieutenant of Stafford

text: Justice of the Peace

text: Stafford

text: Worcester

text: Salop

text: St. John's Church, Stowe

text: Staffordshire

text: Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset

text: William Bonville, 6th Baron Harington

text: 1st Earl of Huntingdon

text: Lady Anne "née" Stafford

text: Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex

text: Merevale Abbey

text: Kenton

text: Sir Edward Devereux

text: Castle Bromwich

text: Catherine Arden

text: Walter Devereux, 5th Viscount Hereford

text: Viscount Hereford

categories: Viscounts Hereford,1558 deaths,Knights of the Garter,People from the Borough of Stafford,15th-century English people,Barons Ferrers of Chartley,1488 births,Devereux family,People of the Tudor period

paragraph: Walter Devereux, 1st Viscount Hereford

paragraph: Walter Devereux, 9th Baron Ferrers of Chartley, created 1st Viscount Hereford, (1488 – 17 September 1558) was an English courtier and parliamentarian.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Born at Chartley Castle, Stowe, Staffordshire, a former medieval stronghold of the Barons Ferrers of Chartley following the Wars of the Roses, he was the son and heir of John Devereux, 8th Baron Ferrers and Cecily Bourchier.

paragraph: Walter Devereux's paternal grandparents were Anne, Baroness Ferrers and her husband Sir Walter Devereux "de jure" Baron Ferrers. His maternal grandparents were William, Viscount Bourchier († 1480) and Lady Anne Woodville; Viscount Bourchier was heir of Henry Bourchier, 1st Earl of Essex and Isabel, Countess of Essex, and Lady Anne Woodville was a daughter of Richard Woodville, 1st Earl Rivers and Jacquetta of Luxembourg ("later" Duchess of Bedford).

paragraph: Section::::Baron Ferrers.

paragraph: In May 1501, his father died and Sir Walter succeeded him as the 9th Baron Ferrers. On 7 December 1509 he was accorded special livery, although still under age, without proof of age or payment of relief for his father’s lands.

paragraph: He was appointed High Steward of Tamworth on 20 November 1510, and joint Constable of Warwick Castle on 15 Feb 1511 with Sir Edward Belknap. He was also Joint Steward of the Manor, or Borough of Warwick. On 27 January 1513, he was appointed Keeper of Netherwood Park; Councillor and Royal Commissioner of Wales and the Marches on 1 August 1513; and High Steward of Hereford in 1514.

paragraph: Walter Devereux ("aka" Baron Ferrers) served with distinction in the War of the League of Cambrai (1508–1516) and the Italian War of 1521-1526. He was Captain of the English Army against France from 24 August 1523. For his gallantry in the sea battle off Le Conquet (Brittany) he was rewarded on 13 July 1523 by being created a Knight of the Garter by Henry VIII of England alongside diplomat Sir Thomas Boleyn, "later" Earl of Wiltshire.

paragraph: He was appointed Bailiff of Sutton Coldfield (11 February 1525); Steward of the Household and Counsellor to Mary, Princess of Wales (1525); Chief Justice of South Wales (22 Aug. 1525); High Steward of Builth (22 Aug. 1525); and Chamberlain of South Wales, Carmarthen and Cardigan (25 May 1526).

paragraph: In the late 1520s, Devereux came into increasing conflict with Welsh magnate Rhys ap Gruffydd following King Henry's grants of major power to him in Wales as described above. This reached a head when Rhys, with a gang of armed supporters, threatened Ferrers with a knife in 1529. The two men were allowed to air their grievances, but Rhys's family continued to stir up trouble. Eventually Rhys was charged with treason, convicted and executed. The consolidation of Devereux's position in Wales helped prepare the way for the Reformation.

paragraph: Devereux served as Custos Rotulorum of Cardiganshire from 1543 to his death. He was with King Henry VIII when Boulogne was taken on 18 September 1544.

paragraph: Created Viscount Hereford on 2 February 1550, as well as sworn of the Privy Council, he was also appointed Vice-Lord Justice and Lieutenant of Stafford (4 May 1551); and Justice of the Peace for Stafford, Worcester and Salop (18 February 1554).

paragraph: Lord Hereford died on 17 September 1558, and is buried at St. John's Church, Stowe, Staffordshire.

paragraph: Section::::Marriages and children.

paragraph: Devereux was first married to Lady Mary Grey (1491- 22 February 1538) prior to his father's death in May 1501, and was pardoned on 15 December 1503 for having married in his father's lifetime and when under marriageable age. She was a daughter of Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset and his second wife Cecily, "suo jure" Baroness Harington and Bonville, daughter and heiress of William Bonville, 6th Baron Harington by his wife Katherine Neville, "suo jure" Baroness Hastings. Her maternal grandparents were Alice Montagu, 5th Countess of Salisbury and Sir Richard Neville, "jure uxoris" Earl of Salisbury.

paragraph: Lord and Lady Ferrers had three children:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Sir Richard Devereux (d. 13 October 1547), married Lady Dorothea Hastings, daughter of the 1st Earl of Huntingdon and Lady Anne "née" Stafford. They were parents to Walter Devereux, 1st Earl of Essex.

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Sir William Devereux, of Merevale Abbey, married Jane Scudamore, daughter of John Scudamore . They had two daughters : Barbara and Margaret.

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Henry Devereux, died unmarried.

paragraph: Either in 1539 or 1540-1, he married secondly Margaret Garneys, daughter of Sir John Garneys, of Kenton. They had two children:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Sir Edward Devereux, of Castle Bromwich, married Catherine Arden. They were parents of Walter Devereux, 5th Viscount Hereford, ancestors of the present Viscount Hereford.

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Katherine Devereux, married .

paragraph: Section::::General Biographical References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brydges, Egerton. Collins’s Peerage of England, Genealogical, Biographical, and Historical in 9 Volumes. (London: Rivington, 1812). Volume 1, Page 6 & 7

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cokayne, G.C. "Complete Baronetage." (New York; St. Martin's Press, 1984). Volume V, page 326 to 333, Ferrers

paragraph: BULLET::::- Devereux, Walter Bourchier. "Lives and Letters of the Devereux, Earls of Essex." (London:J Murray, 1853)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Doyle, James E. "The Official Baronage of England." (London: Longmans, Green, and Co, 1886). Volume 1, page 167.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mosely, Charles (editor). Burke’s Peerage & Baronetage, 106th Edition. (Switzerland: Burke’s Peerage Genealogical Books, 1999). Volume 1, page 1378

paragraph: BULLET::::- Russell, Gareth, "Young and Damned and Fair: The Life of Catherine Howard, Fifth Wife of King Henry VIII" (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2017)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Walter Devereux, 9th Baron Ferrers of Chartley genealogical profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of the descendants of Walter Devereux, 9th Baron Ferrers of Chartley's

description: English peer

wikidata_label: Walter Devereux, 1st Viscount Hereford

wikipedia_title: Walter Devereux, 1st Viscount Hereford


text: Harman International Industries

text: Harman Kardon

text: U.S. Under Secretary of Commerce

text: Newsweek

text: Montreal, Quebec, Canada

text: Jewish

text: hearing aid

text: engineer

text: Bernard Kardon

text: Harman Kardon

text: quality of working life

text: Bolivar, Tennessee

text: United States

text: Daniel Yankelovich

text: Starting With the People

text: Houghton Mifflin

text: Carter administration

text: United States Department of Commerce

text: Beatrice Foods

text: Union Institute & University

text: Baruch College

text: City University of New York

text: Martin Luther King

text: Los Angeles Philharmonic Association

text: National Symphony Orchestra

text: Public Agenda Foundation

text: Council on Foreign Relations

text: U.S. Council on Competitiveness

text: University of Southern California

text: Friends World College

text: John F. Kennedy School of Government

text: Harvard University

text: Aspen Institute

text: Carter Center

text: Emory University

text: Washington, D.C.

text: Shakespeare Theatre Company

text: Harman Center for the Arts

text: Sidney Harman Hall

text: Jane Harman

text: Redondo Beach

text: Manhattan Beach

text: acute myeloid leukemia

text: Newsweek

text: The Washington Post Company

text: USC Website

text: Jonathan Alter

text: "Sidney Harman: An Extraordinary Life"

text: The Daily Beast

text: Sidney Harman Interview

categories: Spouses of members of the United States House of Representatives,Businesspeople from California,Jewish American philanthropists,Union Institute & University alumni,American magazine publishers (people),California Democrats,American philanthropists,1918 births,American audio engineers,2011 deaths

paragraph: Sidney Harman

paragraph: Sidney Harman (August 4, 1918 – April 12, 2011) was a Canadian-born American engineer and businessman active in education, government, industry, and publishing. He was the Chairman Emeritus of Harman International Industries, Inc. A co-founder of Harman Kardon, he also served as the U.S. Under Secretary of Commerce in 1977 and 1978. Late in his life, Harman was also the publisher of "Newsweek", having purchased the magazine for one dollar in 2010.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Harman was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada to a Jewish family and raised in New York City. Harman's father worked at a hearing aid company in New York.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: After graduating with a physics degree, Sidney's first job was at the David Bogen Company as an engineer. His boss was Bernard Kardon, and roughly thirteen years later each invested $5,000 to make the Festival D1000, the world's first integrated hi-fi receiver. Harman and Kardon founded Harman Kardon in 1953. He was known for the quality of working life programs that he initiated at the company’s plants, especially for the program at Bolivar, Tennessee, which had some short-lived success and has become a model for such activities in American industry and a principal case study at business schools in the United States and abroad. Harman had written on productivity, quality of working life and economic policy, and was co-author, with Daniel Yankelovich, of "Starting With the People", published by Houghton Mifflin in 1988.

paragraph: In the 1970s, Sidney Harman accepted an appointment in the Carter administration as undersecretary of the United States Department of Commerce. When Harman took office in 1976, he sold his company to conglomerate Beatrice Foods to avoid a conflict of interest. Beatrice promptly sold many portions of the company, including the original Harman Kardon division, and by 1980 only 60% of the original company remained.

paragraph: After he left government in 1978, he reacquired a number of businesses of Harman International he had sold to Beatrice. The company continued its growth plan with a string of acquisitions throughout the 1980s that pushed Harman International's sales from about $80 million in 1981 to more than $200 million by 1986, and then to more than $500 million by 1989.

paragraph: Section::::Education and philanthropy.

paragraph: Harman (Ph.D. in Higher Education, Union Institute & University, 1973), a graduate of Baruch College of the City University of New York in 1939, served as a trustee of the Martin Luther King Center for Social Change, the Los Angeles Philharmonic Association and the National Symphony Orchestra. He was chairman of the Executive Committee of the Board of the Public Agenda Foundation; chairman of the Executive Committee of the Board of Business Executives for National Security; a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and the U.S. Council on Competitiveness; and a member of the Board of the Leadership Institute of the University of Southern California.

paragraph: He served for three years as president of Friends World College, a worldwide, experimental Quaker College, and was the founder and an active member of the Program on Technology, Public Policy, and Human Development at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. Harman was chairman of the Program Committee of the Board of the Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies and a member of the Board of the Carter Center of Emory University.

paragraph: He was a philanthropist and a member of Washington, D.C.’s Shakespeare Theatre Company Board of Trustees. The Company’s new Harman Center for the Arts is named for his family with a performance space, Sidney Harman Hall, named for him. He also endowed the Baruch College Harman Writer-In-Residence visiting Professorship.

paragraph: The University of Southern California Lloyd Greif Center for Entrepreneurial Studies named Harman the "Entrepreneur of the Year 2007".

paragraph: Harman served as a major contributor to Israeli and Zionist causes during much of his lifetime.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Harman was married to the former Sylvia Stern for 25 years and had four children with her. They continued an amicable relationship until her death. His second wife was Jane Harman (born 1945), a former Democratic member of Congress from California who represented California's 36th congressional district, which included the Redondo Beach and Manhattan Beach areas of southern California.

paragraph: Section::::Later years and death.

paragraph: Harman displayed a remarkable amount of energy into his 80s, staying active by playing golf and engaging in various other hobbies. He remained involved in the day-to-day management of Harman Kardon until formally retiring on his 88th birthday in August 2006. After turning 90 in 2008, he remarked "I don't feel much different than I did at 70. Maybe a little bit, but nothing has significantly diminished."

paragraph: Harman died on April 12, 2011, in Washington, D.C., at the age of 92 of complications from acute myeloid leukemia.

paragraph: Section::::Later years and death.:"Newsweek".

paragraph: Less than a year before his death, in August 2010, Harman bought "Newsweek" magazine from The Washington Post Company, paying $1 and accepting the assumption of $47 million in liabilities.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of Harman International Industries Inc.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Leslie Milk and Ellen Ryan. "Washingtonians of the Year 2007: Sidney Harman", "Washingtonian", January 1, 2008.

paragraph: BULLET::::- USC Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 USA Today article about the effectiveness of old and young CEOs

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jonathan Alter. "Sidney Harman: An Extraordinary Life". "The Daily Beast", April 13, 2011.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sidney Harman Interview NAMM Oral History Library (2008)

description: American businessman

wikidata_label: Sidney Harman

wikipedia_title: Sidney Harman


text:
Edo
Odano Naotake
rangaku
Hiraga Gennai
"Akita ranga" at JAANUS

categories: 1748 births,Daimyo,Japanese painters,1785 deaths

paragraph: Satake Yoshiatsu

paragraph: He was born in Edo. Along with his retainer Odano Naotake, he produced a number of paintings in the Dutch style and wrote three treatises on European painting techniques, including the depiction of perspective. He was also a student of "rangaku" (Dutch studies) scholar Hiraga Gennai, who he had invited up to Akita to advise him on management of the domain's copper mines (Akita was the primary source of copper to the archipelago and beyond in this period).

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Akita ranga" at JAANUS. Accessed 16 May 2007.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Frederic, Louis (2002). "Satake Shozan." "Japan Encyclopedia." Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.

alias:
Yoshiatsu
Satake Shozan
Dairoku
Shozan

description: Japanese artist

wikidata_label: Satake Yoshiatsu

wikipedia_title: Satake Yoshiatsu


text:
Errol
Lord High Constable of Scotland
Nicholas de la Haye of Erroll
Robert de Brus
Scone
Hugh de la Haye
Battle of Methven
Battle of Bannockburn
Robert the Bruce
Slains
Aberdeenshire
Declaration of Arbroath
battle of Dupplin Moor
Edward Balliol
Sir David de la Hay
Gilbert de la Hay (Clan Hay webpage)

categories: Signatories to the Declaration of Arbroath,Scottish people of the Wars of Scottish Independence,Year of birth unknown,1333 deaths,Scottish soldiers,Clan Hay

paragraph: Gilbert II de la Hay

paragraph: Sir Gilbert de la Hay (died April 1333), fifth feudal baron of Errol in Gowrie, was Lord High Constable of Scotland from 1309 (hereditary in 1314).

paragraph: Gilbert was the son of Nicholas de la Haye of Erroll and Joan. He was one of the companions of Robert de Brus and was at Robert's coronation at Scone on 27 March 1306 with his younger brother Hugh de la Haye. A close supporter of King Robert I of Scotland he commanded his bodyguard at the Battle of Methven in 1306, and fought at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314, following which he went as an Ambassador to England to negotiate a truce.

paragraph: Robert the Bruce granted him the lands of Slains, Aberdeenshire. He signed the Declaration of Arbroath.

paragraph: His son, Nicholas de la Haye, fell at the battle of Dupplin Moor (1332) fighting Edward Balliol, leaving as his successor the Constable's grandson, Sir David de la Hay, sixth feudal baron of Erroll.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gilbert de la Hay (Clan Hay webpage)

description: Lord High Constable of Scotland

wikidata_label: Gilbert de la Hay

wikipedia_title: Gilbert II de la Hay


text: Carolyn Carlson

text: Pina Bausch

text: Philippe Genty

text: The Gruffalo

text: The Gruffalo's Child

text: Room on the Broom

text: The Gruffalo

text: The Gruffalo's Child

text: Room on the Broom

text: Chic!

categories: French male composers,French composers,1956 births,Living people

paragraph: René Aubry

paragraph: René Aubry is a French composer born in 1956. He is a multi-instrumentalist known for blending classical harmonies with modern instrumentation. Aubry has composed for choreographers such as Carolyn Carlson, Pina Bausch and Philippe Genty. He has also scored for films and released many of his own albums.

paragraph: He also composed the music for the 2009 animated film "The Gruffalo" and its 2011 sequel "The Gruffalo's Child", as well as 2012's "Room on the Broom".

paragraph: In addition, his music was often heard in a Greek comic-satirical TV series .

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "René Aubry (1983) Self-released

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chrysalide (1987)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Libre parcours" (1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Derives" (1989)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Steppe" (1990)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La révolte des enfants" (1991）

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Après la pluie" (1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Killer Kid" (1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ne m'oublie pas" (1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Signes" (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Plaisirs d'amour" (1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Invités sur la terre" (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Seuls au monde" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Projection privée" (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mémoires du futur" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Play time" (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Refuges" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Forget Me Not" (2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Days" (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Now" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stick Man" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chaos" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Petits sauts délicats avec grand écart" (2018)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Soundtracks.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Gruffalo" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Gruffalo's Child" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Room on the Broom" (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chic!" (2015)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Discographie de René Aubry" at Fnacmusic

description: French composer

wikidata_label: René Aubry

wikipedia_title: René Aubry


text:
Major League Baseball
pitcher
Philadelphia Athletics
Cincinnati Reds

wikipedia_title:
Major League Baseball
Pitcher
Oakland Athletics
Cincinnati Reds

categories: Association footballers not categorized by position,Columbia Comers players,San Francisco Seals (baseball) players,1980 deaths,Albany Babies players,Dallas Steers players,1891 births,Baseball players from Ohio,Seattle Rainiers players,Sportspeople from Cincinnati,Americus Muckalees players,Major League Baseball pitchers,Cincinnati Reds players,Philadelphia Athletics players

paragraph: Bob Geary (baseball)

paragraph: Robert Norton Geary (May 10, 1891 – January 3, 1980) was an American Major League Baseball pitcher. He played for the Philadelphia Athletics during the 1918 and 1919 seasons and the Cincinnati Reds during the 1921 season.

paragraph: In 1918 Geary served in the military during World War I.

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Bob Geary

wikipedia_title: Bob Geary (baseball)


text:
Finnish
ice hockey
goaltender
KalPa
Liiga
Dallas Stars
2003 NHL Entry Draft
2013–14
EV Zug
National League A

wikipedia_title:
Finland
Ice hockey
Goaltender
KalPa
Liiga
Dallas Stars
2003 NHL Entry Draft
2013–14 NLA season
EV Zug
National League (ice hockey)

categories: Jokerit players,Finnish ice hockey goaltenders,KalPa players,1985 births,Ässät players,Peterborough Petes (ice hockey) players,Örebro HK players,Dallas Stars draft picks,Living people,EV Zug players

paragraph: Eero Kilpeläinen

paragraph: Eero Kilpeläinen (born May 7, 1985) is a Finnish professional ice hockey goaltender who currently plays for KalPa in the Liiga. He was selected by the Dallas Stars in the 5th round (144th overall) of the 2003 NHL Entry Draft.

paragraph: After playing the 2013–14 season in Switzerland with EV Zug of the National League A, He returned to Finland in signing an optional four-year contract with KalPa on March 27, 2014.

description: Finnish ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Eero Kilpeläinen

wikipedia_title: Eero Kilpeläinen


text:
Greek
epithet
Indo-Greek
Gandhara
Pushkalavati
Kabul
Heliokles II
Archebios
Artemis
Tyche
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
Seleucid Empire
Greco-Buddhism
Indo-Scythians
Indo-Parthian Kingdom
Kushan Empire

paragraph: Peukolaos

paragraph: Peucolaus Soter Dikaios (Greek: ; epithets mean respectively, "the Saviour", "the Just") was an Indo-Greek king who ruled in the area of Gandhara c. 90 BCE. His reign was probably short and insignificant, since he left only a few coins, but the relations of the latter Indo-Greek kings remain largely obscure.

paragraph: His name could be interpreted as "The man from Pushkalavati", an important Indo-Greek city east of Kabul.

paragraph: Section::::Coins of Peucolaos.

paragraph: Peucolaos struck rare Indian standard silver coins with portrait in diadem, and a reverse of a standing Zeus, which resemble the reverse of contemporary kings Heliokles II and Archebios. The latter has overstruck two coins of Peucolaos.

paragraph: He also issued bilingual bronzes with Artemis and a crowned woman with a palm branch, perhaps a city-goddess or a personification of Tyche, the deity for good luck.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Greco-Bactrian Kingdom

paragraph: BULLET::::- Seleucid Empire

paragraph: BULLET::::- Greco-Buddhism

paragraph: BULLET::::- Indo-Scythians

paragraph: BULLET::::- Indo-Parthian Kingdom

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kushan Empire

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Greeks in Bactria and India", W. W. Tarn, Cambridge University Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Coin Types of the Indo-Greek Kings, 256-54 B.C.", A. K. Narain

wikidata_label: Peukolaos

wikipedia_title: Peukolaos


text: footballer

text: midfielder

text: Serie A

text: Roma

text: Italy national team

text: Massa

text: Tuscany

text: Fiorentina

text: Virtus Entella

text: Primavera

text: Serie B

text: Benevento

text: Internazionale

text: Primavera

text: Campionato Nazionale Primavera

text: Davide Santon

text: Roma

text: Radja Nainggolan

text: UEFA Champions League

text: Real Madrid

text: Santiago Bernabéu

text: Serie A

text: Frosinone

text: Sassuolo

text: UEFA Champions League

text: FC Porto

text: Italy under-19 side

text: Portugal

text: Italy

text: Roberto Mancini

text: Serie A

text: UEFA Nations League

text: Poland

text: Portugal

text: Italy U21

text: Belgium

text: senior team

text: Verratti

text: Finland

text: UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying

text: forward

text: Serie B

text: Serie C

text: UEFA European Under-19 Championship

text: Serie A

text: Best Young Player

text: FIGC profile

categories: People from Massa,Serie B players,1999 births,Virtus Entella players,Serie A players,Italian footballers,Italy international footballers,Italy under-21 international footballers,Inter Milan players,Italy youth international footballers,Association football midfielders,Living people

paragraph: Nicolò Zaniolo

paragraph: Nicolò Zaniolo (; born 2 July 1999) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Serie A club Roma and the Italy national team.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Early career.

paragraph: Born in Massa, Tuscany, Zaniolo grew up in the Fiorentina youth system. On the final day of the 2016 mid year transfer window, he was released by Fiorentina, and subsequently joined Virtus Entella. After several months playing for the Entella "Primavera" side, Zaniolo was given his professional debut in Serie B on 11 March 2017, aged 17, in a 3–2 win against Benevento. In total, he collected seven appearances for the "Biancocelesti" in the 2016–17 season.

paragraph: On 5 July 2017, Internazionale announced they had signed Zaniolo, for a reported fee of €1.8 million, plus €1.7 million in bonuses. He played for the "Primavera" side in the 2017–18 season, finishing top-scorer of the team with 13 goals and winning the Campionato Nazionale Primavera. Zaniolo made his Inter debut in a pre-season friendly on 9 July 2017. However, he did not play any competitive game for Inter's first team.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Roma.

paragraph: In June 2018, it was reported that Zaniolo and Davide Santon had joined Roma as a part of the deal moving Radja Nainggolan to Inter. Zaniolo completed his medical on 25 June, and signed a five-year contract with the club, for a fee of €4.5 million plus 15% resell revenue. He made his first appearance for Roma and UEFA Champions League debut on 19 September, in a 3–0 defeat to Real Madrid at the Santiago Bernabéu. He made his Serie A debut on 26 September 2018, aged 19, in the home match won 4–0 against Frosinone. On 26 December, he scored his first goal in Serie A in a 3–1 win against Sassuolo. The following year, during a UEFA Champions League match against FC Porto, Zaniolo became the youngest Italian player to score twice in a single match in the competition when he scored both of Roma's goals in a 2–1 win.

paragraph: Section::::International career.

paragraph: With the Italy under-19 side, Zaniolo took part in the 2018 UEFA European Under-19 Championship, reaching the final of the tournament, which Italy lost 4–3 after extra time against Portugal.

paragraph: On 1 September 2018, he was given his first senior international call-up for Italy by manager Roberto Mancini – without having received a cap in Serie A – for Italy's opening UEFA Nations League matches against Poland and Portugal later that month.

paragraph: He made his debut with the Italy U21 team on 11 October 2018, in a friendly match lost 1–0 against Belgium.

paragraph: He made his debut with the senior team team on 23 March 2019, entering as a substitute for Verratti in a 2–0 home win over Finland in Italy's opening UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying match.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: He is the son of Igor Zaniolo, a former professional footballer who played as a forward in Serie B and Serie C.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.:International.

paragraph: Italy U19

paragraph: BULLET::::- UEFA European Under-19 Championship runner-up: 2018

paragraph: Section::::Honours.:Individual.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Serie A Best Young Player: 2018–19

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- FIGC profile

description: Italian footballer

wikidata_label: Nicolò Zaniolo

wikipedia_title: Nicolò Zaniolo


text: Armenia

text: Armenian Communist Party

categories: Candidates for President of Armenia,1999 deaths,1947 births,Politicians from Yerevan,Armenian Communist Party politicians

paragraph: Sergey Badalyan

paragraph: Sergey Badalyan () (June 4, 1947 – November 24, 1999) was an Armenian politician, first secretary of the Armenian Communist Party from 1991 to 1999.

paragraph: He was a "special guest" of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe from 20 September 1999 to 24 January 2000, although he died before the completion of his tenure.

description: Armenian politician

wikidata_label: Sergey Badalyan

wikipedia_title: Sergey Badalyan


text: Australian

text: architect

text: Principal Architect

text: Public Works Department

text: Western Australia

text: Rylstone, New South Wales

text: John William Hardwick

text: Australia

text: Sydney

text: Newington College

text: Newington House

text: Parramatta River

text: Reverend

text: Joseph Horner Fletcher

text: articles

text: Victoria

text: Australian banking crisis of 1893

text: Western Australia

text: draughtsman

text: Wyndham Meatworks

text: General Post Office, Perth

text: John Smith Murdoch

text: Albany

text: Bunbury

text: Northam

text: high schools

text: post office

text: Wooroloo Sanatorium

text: Hillson Beasley

text: Point Heathcote Reception Home

text: Fremantle

text: Midland

text: Subiaco

text: Parisian Étoile

text: Harold Robert Hardwick

text: Mudgee, New South Wales

categories: People from New South Wales,1860 births,Architects from Western Australia,1941 deaths

paragraph: William Hardwick

paragraph: William Burden Hardwick (1860 – 1941), often referred to professionally as W.B. Hardwick, was an Australian architect who from 1917 until 1927 was Principal Architect of the Public Works Department in Western Australia. "The Encyclopedia of Australian Architecture" refers to Hardwick as being "well known for continuing the high standards of design in public buildings established during the gold boom, particularly in hospitals, schools and post offices throughout the state".

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Hardwick was born in Rylstone, New South Wales, the son of Rebecca (née White) and John William Hardwick (1826 - 1891). In 1852, at the age of 26, his father had migrated to Australia with £1,000. On arrival he travelled the south eastern states and sketched the sites as he went. He established a general store in Rylstone and married in 1856. William Burden was the third of ten children and he took his paternal grandfather's first name as his first name and his maternal grandmother's maiden name as his middle name.

paragraph: Section::::Education and early years.

paragraph: In 1873, at 12 years of age, Hardwick commenced senior education, in Sydney, as a boarding student of Newington College. His older brothers, George and Edward, had started there as boarders two years earlier. The College was then still at Newington House on the Parramatta River and his years at Newington coincided with the Presidency of the Reverend Joseph Horner Fletcher. After leaving school, Hardwick served his articles in architecture in private practice in Victoria and worked in that state until the Australian banking crisis of 1893 when he moved to Western Australia.

paragraph: Section::::Public Works Department.

paragraph: Hardwick moved to Perth and early in 1894 entered the Public Works Department (Western Australia) as a draughtsman. In 1907 he was appointed architect and in 1917 was promoted to the office of Principal Architect. Whilst holding this position he was responsible for designing the Wyndham Meatworks, the General Post Office, Perth (in collaboration with the Commonwealth Architect, John Smith Murdoch), the Albany, Bunbury and Northam high schools, and a large number of post offices throughout the state. The Wooroloo Sanatorium was officially opened in 1915, designed by Hillson Beasley and Hardwick. In 1929, the Point Heathcote Reception Home, later known as Heathcote Hospital, for the treatment of patients with mental illness, was opened Hardwick's design. He was a Fellow of the Victorian and Western Australian Institutes of Architects.

paragraph: Section::::Workers' Homes Board.

paragraph: In 1912, Hardwick was appointed a member of the Workers' Homes Board on its establishment and in 1913 was made chairman. He held that position until his retirement in 1930 during which time the total capital expenditure by the board was £3,000,000 covering about 5,000 homes.

paragraph: Section::::Town planning.

paragraph: Hardwick visited England in 1910, and on his return published a collection of articles on town planning. Later he was a member of the Town Planning Association and assisted in the drafting of the Town Planning Bill for Western Australia. Hardwick’s 1911 proposal to remove the Perth railways yards and to underground the Fremantle-Midland line as far west as Subiaco, and convert the land above to the west of the Perth Station into a grassy mall, graced by public buildings, terminating at its western end in a circus or a "Parisian Étoile" on which nine streets were to converge, is now celebrated as a lost opportunity.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: On his death in 1941, Hardwick was survived by his widow and five children. His younger brother, Harold Robert Hardwick (1866 - 1935), an architect in Mudgee, New South Wales, predeceased him.

description: architect

wikidata_label: William Hardwick

wikipedia_title: William Hardwick


text: Aragon

categories: Catalan Roman Catholic priests,Spanish Franciscans,1320s deaths,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Ponç Carbonell

paragraph: Ponç Carbonell (Latin "Pontius"; died c. 1320) was a Catalan Franciscan scholar who also served as confessor to the Kings of Aragon.

description: Spanish priest

wikidata_label: Pontius Carbonell

wikipedia_title: Ponç Carbonell


text:
East German
1976 Summer Olympics
4 × 100 m medley relay
100 m breaststroke
1977 European Aquatics Championships

categories: Medalists at the 1976 Summer Olympics,Swimmers at the 1976 Summer Olympics,Olympic gold medalists for East Germany,German female swimmers,Olympic swimmers of East Germany,European Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming,Female breaststroke swimmers,1962 births,Living people

paragraph: Carola Nitschke

paragraph: Carola Nitschke (later "Beraktschjan", born 1 March 1962) is a retired East German swimmer. She competed at the 1976 Summer Olympics in the 100 m and 200 m breaststroke and finished in fourth and sixth place, respectively. She also won a gold medal in the 4 × 100 m medley relay, though she swam only in a preliminary round. Shortly before the Olympics she set world records in the 4 × 100 m medley relay and 100 m breaststroke. She was only fourteen at the time. Next year she won a gold and a silver medal in these events at the 1977 European Aquatics Championships.

paragraph: Later she admitted to taking performance-enhancing drugs as part of the East German doping program; she gave up her medals and asked to remove her name from the competition records.

description: East German swimmer

wikidata_label: Carola Nitschke

wikipedia_title: Carola Nitschke


text: United States District Judge

text: Phoenix

text: Arizona

text: United States Army

text: World War II

text: United States Army Air Corps

text: Germany

text: Stalag Luft I

text: Barth

text: Juris Doctor

text: James E. Rogers College of Law

text: University of Arizona

text: Maricopa County

text: Jimmy Carter

text: United States Senate

text: stroke

text: University of Arizona

categories: United States district court judges appointed by Jimmy Carter,20th-century American judges,1922 births,Hispanic and Latino American judges,1988 deaths,Judges of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona,United States Army personnel,James E. Rogers College of Law alumni

paragraph: Valdemar Aguirre Cordova

paragraph: Valdemar Aguirre Cordova (December 6, 1922 – June 18, 1988) was a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Arizona.

paragraph: Section::::Education and career.

paragraph: Born in Phoenix, Arizona, Cordova was in the United States Army during World War II, from 1940 to 1945. Serving in the United States Army Air Corps as a Lieutenant later in the war, he was shot down during a mission over Germany and captured. He subsequently spent 18 months in Stalag Luft I near Barth, Germany. After being liberated and discharged from the army, Cordova received a Juris Doctor from the James E. Rogers College of Law at the University of Arizona in 1950. He was in private practice in Phoenix from 1950 to 1965. He was a superior court judge in Maricopa County, Arizona from 1965 to 1967, and from 1976 to 1979, returning in the interim to private practice in Phoenix.

paragraph: Section::::Federal judicial service.

paragraph: On April 30, 1979, Cordova was nominated by President Jimmy Carter to a new seat on the United States District Court for the District of Arizona created by 92 Stat. 1629. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 19, 1979, and received his commission on June 21, 1979. On or about April 20, 1984, the president certified Cordova involuntarily as disabled pursuant to the act of September 2, 1957, 71 Stat. 586. The certification was due to the effect of a serious stroke Cordova suffered earlier in 1984. Due to his involuntary certification of disability, Cordova ceased to perform any judicial duties, but continued to remain in active judicial status until his death.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Cordova died on June 18, 1988, from continuing complications of his 1984 stroke.

paragraph: Section::::Scholarship.

paragraph: On March 1, 2018, the University of Arizona announced the creation of the Honorable Judge Valdemar Aguirre Cordova Scholarship, created by a $100,000 gift from the Arizona Hispanic Bar Association. The scholarship will be available to students studying law at the University of Arizona.

description: United States federal judge

wikidata_label: Valdemar Aguirre Cordova

wikipedia_title: Valdemar Aguirre Cordova