text: Fürth

text: Bavaria

text: German-American

text: Episcopal

text: Nuremberg

text: Munich

text: Newark, New Jersey

text: National Academy of Design

text: Madison, New Jersey

text: Westerly, Rhode Island

text: chromolithograph

text: United States

text: England

text: American Civil War

text: Army of Virginia

text: General Burnside

text: Battle of Sullivan's Island

text: Harper's Weekly

text: Glen Cove, New York

text: New York City

text: North Carolina

text: funeral of President Abraham Lincoln

text: Lenoir, North Carolina

text: Reredos

text: Gothic perpendicular

text: Father Time

text: Cornucopia

text: Lenoir

text: Thomas A. Doyle

text: University of the South

text: Oakton

text: George Washington University

text: Johannes Adam Simon Oertel

text: Johannes Oertel

text: Oertel, Johannes A.S.

text: Father Time and His Family

text: Oertel, Johannes Adam

text: Oertel, Johannes Adam

text: Lenoir Family Papers

text: Oertel, Johannes Adam Simon

text: The North Carolina Centennial Flag

text: Johannes Adam Simon Oertel

text: Oertel, Johannes Adam Simon

text: Johannes Adam Simon Oertel Papers

text: William Cullen Bryant

text: Sarah Rebecca Cameron

text: Johannes A. Oertel Letter

text: Samuel Putnam Avery

text: Johannes Adam Simon Oertel

text: Papers

text: William Cullen Bryant

text: Going Down to Gethsemane (Title)

categories: 1909 deaths,20th-century American painters,20th-century American sculptors,People from Fürth,American male painters,American Episcopal clergy,American portrait painters,1823 births,19th-century American sculptors,American male sculptors,National Academy of Design associates,German engravers,19th-century American painters,20th-century German printmakers,German emigrants to the United States

paragraph: Johannes Adam Simon Oertel

paragraph: Johannes Adam Simon Oertel (3 November 1823 in Fürth, Bavaria – 9 December 1909) was a German-American Episcopal clergyman and artist.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: After studying art in Germany at Nuremberg and Munich, he practiced engraving until 1848, in which year he came to the United States and taught for a time in Newark, New Jersey. In 1851, he married Julia Adelaide Torrey. They eventually had four children. After his marriage, he engraved plates for bank notes, painted portraits and colored photographs. In 1857 he was elected an associate of the National Academy of Design. In 1857 he moved to Madison, New Jersey, where he painted "Lament of the Fallen Spirits" and "Redemption." About this time, he was invited to assist in preparing new decorations for the capitol in Washington. In 1861 he transferred his studio to Westerly, Rhode Island, where he painted "Father Time and his Family" and "The Final Harvest" (1862), "The Dispensation of the Promise and the Law" (containing 150 figures, 1863), "Walk to Emmaus," "The Walk to Gethsemane," "Easter Morning," "Magdalen at the Sepulchre," "The Rock of Ages," and others (1868).

paragraph: His painting "Rock of Ages" became enormously popular and was reproduced in millions of photographs and chromolithographs for sale both in the United States and England.

paragraph: Section::::American Civil War.

paragraph: During the American Civil War, Oertel accompanied the Army of Virginia under General Burnside for several months in 1862. His "Virginia Turnpike" and other landscapes were the fruit of this military experience. He also did some historical battle scenes, such as the "Battle of Sullivan's Island" that happened during the American Revolutionary War, and some illustrations for Harper's Weekly, such as the cover for November 15, 1864 issue, of "Convalescent Soldiers Passing through Washington, DC, to Re-join their Units" and "The Union Scout".

paragraph: While residing at Westerly, he prepared himself for orders in the Episcopal church, and he was made deacon in 1865, and subsequently presbyter. He then confined himself almost entirely to the domain of Christian art, and painted pictures that he presented to churches in Glen Cove, New York, New York City, Washington, D.C., North Carolina, and elsewhere.

paragraph: He was in Washington, D.C., during the funeral of President Abraham Lincoln on April 19, 1865, and left an eloquent account of the event.

paragraph: Section::::St James Episcopal Church.

paragraph: The Rev. Johannes Oertel served as the priest of St James Episcopal Church in Lenoir, North Carolina, from 1869 to 1874. He was one of the first in the valley to offer a school for African American children, and offered religious services to those recently freed from slavery, including baptism, confirmation, marriage and funeral rites.

paragraph: The Reredos in front of the church is an outstanding exampal of his woodworking skills. Made from over four hundred pieces of chestnut, oak, poplar, holly, cherry, beech, and pine, they were often carved during missionary trips to the Chapel of Rest in Happy Valley, North Carolina, and the Chapel of Peace in Witnel, North Carolina The architectural design is Gothic perpendicular from the 14th and 16th centuries. While Rev. Oertel carved other reredos and altar rails, the one in St. James is considered to be the most intricate and notable. The altar painting (1872) is layered oil on canvass with gold gilt, and depicts Jesus administering Holy Communion to male and female communicants.

paragraph: While at St. James, friends in New York donated the 100 year old pump organ from Christ Episcopal Church (Tarrytown, New York). The organ, dating from about 1770, was the first instrument to enhance the service in Lenoir. Rev. Oertel rebuilt the damaged organ, making new pipes, and a new wind chest and bellows. He then carved an illuminated case for the organ works.

paragraph: By the main church door of the church is "Father Time and His Family", (1862, charcoal and pen on paper), which was completed in Westerly, Rhode Island. It depicts Father Time, his wife (the year) and their children (the months). Each child carries an item from the Cornucopia representative of their month.

paragraph: A collection of his art is held by the church, and includes: "The Wandering Jew" (1902?, oil on canvas); "Capturing Wild Horses" (print); "Founded Upon a Rock" (1900, oil on canvas); "Rock of Ages" (offset lithography), and known as his most popular work; "Man Rowing Out on the Sea of Life With Christ as Pilot" (1880, oil on canvas); "In Memorium" (between 1880 and 1900, oil on canvas board); "Christian Hope" (1867, oil on canvas); "Head of St Paul" (oil on canvas, unknown date); "Expulsion from the Garden of Eden" (1893, oil on canvas); "Prophecy of Balaam" (1891, monochrome oil on canvas); "The Four Evangelists" (1884, monochrome oil on canvas); "Lament of the Fallen Spirits" (1850, oil on canvas); "Mary Magdalene at the Cross" (ca 1902, oil on canvas); "The Good Shepherd" (1878, oil on canvas); "The Prophet Jeremiah" (oil on canvas, unknown date); "The King of Truth" (1903, oil on canvas); "The Prophet Joel"; The Prophet Ezekiel"; "The Prophet Isaiah"; "The Unknown Prophet"; "The Dispensation of Promise and the Law" (1864-1865, chalk and ink on linen-backed paper).

paragraph: He had charge of two parishes in North Carolina (in Lenoir) until 1876. He moved around a great deal as a priest and spent time in North Carolina, Florida, Tennessee, St. Louis, Washington DC, Maryland and Virginia.

paragraph: Section::::Portrait painter.

paragraph: During his time, Johannes Oertel was also known primarily as a portrait painter, and often he would leave the church in Lenoir, North Carolina, to go north to raise money by painting portraits. Many of his head and bust portraits were popular after the Civil War, and he did a number of them for prosperous clients in New England. He made an interesting portrait of the Mayor of Providence, Rhode Island, Thomas A. Doyle, as a young man on his way up. He would later serve eighteen years as the mayor, and brought Providence, Rhode Island from a manufacturing town to a small metropolis.

paragraph: The Rev. Oertel is also known for his head of St Paul, held today by the St. James Episcopal Church, and portrayed as a weary but stern man.

paragraph: Section::::Later years.

paragraph: Oertel was an instructor of art at Washington University in St Louis, in 1889-91. He spent the last 18 years of his life in a town near Washington DC, where he made many religious paintings and wood carvings. He painted a series of four large pictures entitled "The Plan of Redemption" which he presented to Sewanee (the University of the South in Tennessee). His last major work came in 1906-07 when he created the paintings and designed the new woodwork for the altarpiece of the Cathedral at Quincy, Illinois.

paragraph: Oertel died in Vienna, Virginia, where he was living with one of his sons, and is buried in Flint Hill Cemetery in nearby Oakton. Collections of his papers are held by the libraries of George Washington University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- AskART.Com: Johannes Adam Simon Oertel. n.d. Abstract: AskART.com presents information concerning American artist Johannes Adam Simon Oertel (1823-1909). Additional information for Oertel includes a bibliography of publications about the artist, museum holdings, current exhibits, images of the artist's work, etc. Auction records, including highest prices, are available only to AskART members.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Edwards, Lee M. 1986. "Johannes Oertel (Attributed to) (1823-1909): Visiting Grandma (Painting)". Domestic Bliss, Family Life in American Painting, 1840-1910.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Falk, Peter H. 1988. "Oertel, Johannes A.S.". Dictionary of Signatures & Monograms of American Artists, from the Colonial Period to the Mid 20th Century. 313.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Father Time and His Family." By Johannes A. Oertel. [New York]: [publisher not identified], 1860. Notes: "On exhibition at Goupil's ..."

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fielding, Mantle. 1983. "Oertel, Johannes Adam". Mantle Fielding's Dictionary of American Painters, Sculptors & Engravers.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Herringshaw, Thomas William. 1914. "Oertel, Johannes Adam". Herringshaw's National Library of American Biography : Contains Thirty-Five Thousand Biographies of the Acknowledged Leaders of Life and Thought of the United States; Illustrated with Three Thousand Vignette Portraits.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lenoir family. Lenoir Family Papers, Julia Adeliade Torry Oertel. Lenoir Family Papers. 1763. Abstract: Political correspondence includes 1866 letters about freedmen; an 1866 letter about the superiority of the southern female to women in the North; letters, 1866-1873, of William Bingham of the Bingham School; and letters, 1870s-1880s, about the currency question, the African-American exodus northward, and Walter Waightstill Lenoir's 1883 service in the N.C. General Assembly. Business letters relate chiefly to the dealings, beginning around 1867, of Walter Waightstill Lenoir and other family members in land development, especially around Linville, N.C.; specie speculation; silver mining; and agriculture. After Walter's death, Thomas Ballard Lenoir became a prime mover in the Linville Improvement Company. Routine family correspondence accounts for the bulk of the letters, with many items relating to the lives of the women of the family. Included are letters, 1867-1869, about Mary Elizabeth Garrett Lenoir's apparent eating disorder; letters, beginning in September 1877, from Julia Adeliade Torry Oertel, wife of artist and Episcopal clergyman Johannes Adam Simon Oertel; letters of Rufus Theodore Lenoir, Jr., at the Rutherford Military Institute and other schools, and, after 1897, from him and his wife Clyde Lyndon Lenoir in Athens, Ga.; and a letter in 1937 giving a brief history of the Bingham School. Notes: In the Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (#426).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marks, Arthur S. 1981. "The Statue of King George III in New York and the Iconology of Regicide". American Art Journal / Publ. by Kennedy Galleries. 61-82.

paragraph: BULLET::::- McWhirter, Michael, W. B. Rogers Beasley, and Johannes Adam Simon Oertel. The Romantic Vision of Johannes Adam Simon Oertel, 1823-1909. Sewanee, Tenn: University Gallery, 1995. Abstract: Presents a short biography of Oertel and influences upon his art. Close-up views of paintings on display in the University Gallery are shown.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Merrill, Peter C. 1997. "Oertel, Johannes Adam Simon". German Immigrant Artists in America, a Biographical Dictionary.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The North Carolina Centennial Flag. [Raleigh, N.C.]: [William E. Pell], 1943. Notes: Typed reproduction of article from "The Daily sentinel, Raleigh, North Carolina, Wednesday, July 5, 1876, page 3, column 2"--Leaf [1].

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oertel, J. F. A Vision Realized; A Life Story of Rev. J.A. Oertel, D.D., Artist, Priest, Missionary. Boston: Christopher Pub. House, 1928. Description: 233 pages; frontispiece (portrait); plates; 23 cm.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Johannes Adam Simon Oertel". Brooklyn Museum Libraries & Archives. Schweitzer Gallery files. Notes: The artist file may include any of the following materials: announcements, clippings, photographs, press releases, brochures, reviews, invitations, small exhibition catalogs, resumés, other ephemeral material.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oertel, Johannes Adam Simon. Museum of Modern Art (MOMA). Artist file: miscellaneous uncataloged material. n.d. Notes: The folder may include announcements, clippings, press releases, brochures, reviews, invitations, small exhibition catalogs, and other ephemeral material.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oertel, Johannes Adam Simon. Johannes Adam Simon Oertel Papers. 1863. Abstract: Diary, 386 p., with entries dated 1868 to 1882, and about sixty enclosures from the diary, including some twenty letters to Oertel and copies of letters from him to others, newspaper clippings, and writings, chiefly poems and sermons, by Oertel and others. Among the topics covered in diary entries are the difficulties Oertel experienced in balancing church duties and the creation of religious art; his poverty; his frustration with an art-buying public that appeared to prefer foreign to American religious art and portraits of themselves and paintings of animals to religious art in general; his annoyance with the art establishment in New York and other major centers and with art agents and publishers; his confrontations with church officials in North Carolina and New York; and his difficulties with parishioners, especially in Morganton. In these entries, there is much about Oertel's efforts to make his family comfortable, but little about the activities of individual family members, except for their involvement in the Orange Springs, Fla., sawmill venture. Few friends and acquaintances are named. Two who were involved in his work were William Cullen Bryant, whose poems Oertel illustrated, and Sarah Rebecca Cameron of Hillsborough, N.C., with whom Oertel was involved in an aborted effort to produce an illustrated volume of religious stories. Notes: In the Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (#4592).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oertel, Johannes Adam Simon, 1823-1909. Johannes A. Oertel Letter to Samuel Putnam Avery, 1867 May 25. 1867. Metropolitan Museum of Art; Thomas J. Watson Library.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oertel, Johannes Adam Simon. Johannes Adam Simon Oertel: [Vertical File]. 1983. Notes: This vertical file may contain exhibition announcements and invitations, small exhibition catalogs, clippings, press releases, brochures, reviews, resumes, and other ephemeral material.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oertel, Johannes Adam Simon. Papers. 1857. Abstract: Papers of Johannes Adam Simon Oertel, a painter, primarily of religious subjects, consist of a letter, 1857, discussing boarding houses in Washington, D.C.; and a letter, 1872, to Oertel from William Cullen Bryant, praising his work in illustrating Bryant's poem, "Waiting at the Gate." Duke University Libraries.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Smithsonian American Art Museum. Going Down to Gethsemane (Title). Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, DC, USA. 1920.7.2 Gift of Mr. J. F. Oertel, 1898. Lower right in oil: J.A. OE. 1898; lower left in oil: J.A Oertel/1898; back in oil: Going down to Gethsemane. Johannes A. Oertel./1898.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vroom, Steven Michael, and Johannes Adam Simon Oertel. The Romantic Vision of Johannes Adam Simon Oertel, 1823-1909. [Sewanee, Tenn.]: University Gallery of the University of the South, 1995. Notes: Caption title. Catalog of the exhibition held Sept. 24-Dec. 10, 1995. Description: 23 pages: illustrations (some color); 14 x 22 cm.

alias:
Johannes A. Oertel
Johannes Adam Oertel
Johannes Oertel
johannes Adam Oertel

wikidata_label: Johannes Adam Simon Oertel

wikipedia_title: Johannes Adam Simon Oertel


text:
Martiniquais
footballer
Sporting de Gijón
central defender
Corbeil-Essonnes
Essonne
LB Châteauroux
2003–04 season
Ligue 2
FC Martigues
Lucena CF
Segunda División B
Andalusia
2009–10 campaign
AD Alcorcón
Segunda División
Madrid
Albacete Balompié
Recreativo de Huelva
the season
the play-offs
Granada CF
La Liga
Deportivo de La Coruña
Sporting de Gijón
Martinique
cap
2013 CONCACAF Gold Cup
Canada
Toto Cup
2017–18

categories: Israeli Premier League players,Martiniquais expatriate footballers,Sporting de Gijón players,FC Martigues players,Segunda División players,AD Alcorcón footballers,Championnat National players,2013 CONCACAF Gold Cup players,Expatriate footballers in Israel,Ligue 2 players,1986 births,LB Châteauroux players,French footballers,Granada CF footballers,2019 CONCACAF Gold Cup players,Sportspeople from Essonne,Martiniquais footballers,La Liga players,Martinique international footballers,2014 Caribbean Cup players,French expatriate footballers,Expatriate footballers in Spain,People from Corbeil-Essonnes,Living people,Association football defenders,Segunda División B players,Maccabi Tel Aviv F.C. players,French people of Martiniquais descent

paragraph: Jean-Sylvain Babin

paragraph: Jean-Sylvain Claude Babin (born 14 October 1986) is a Martiniquais professional footballer who plays for Spanish club Sporting de Gijón as a central defender.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.

paragraph: Born in Corbeil-Essonnes, Essonne, Babin graduated from LB Châteauroux's youth setup, and made his senior debuts with the B-team. He started appearing as a professional in the 2003–04 season, featuring once with the main squad in Ligue 2.

paragraph: On 30 August 2007, Babin was loaned to FC Martigues. After his loan expired, he left Châteauroux.

paragraph: On 14 July 2008, Babin moved to Spain and joined Lucena CF in Segunda División B. He was regularly used by the Andalusians during his stint, being an important defensive unit during the 2009–10 campaign.

paragraph: On 2 August 2010, Babin signed for AD Alcorcón, freshly promoted to Segunda División. He made his debut for the Madrid club late in the month, starting in a 1–1 away draw against Albacete Balompié.

paragraph: Babin scored his first goal for the "Alfareros" on 22 October 2011, netting the winner in a 2–1 home success over Recreativo de Huelva. He added a further four during the season, as his team missed out on promotion in the play-offs.

paragraph: On 9 June 2014, Babin signed with Granada CF for four years. He made his debut in La Liga on 23 August, and scored to help the hosts come from behind and win it 2–1 against Deportivo de La Coruña.

paragraph: On 4 August 2016, Babin agreed terms with fellow league club Sporting de Gijón for the next three seasons.

paragraph: Section::::International career.

paragraph: Babin chose to represent Martinique internationally. He gained his first cap during the 2013 CONCACAF Gold Cup, playing the full 90 minutes and helping to a 1–0 group stage success over Canada.

paragraph: Section::::International career.:International goals.

paragraph: (Martinique score listed first, score column indicates score after each Babin goal)

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.:Club.

paragraph: Maccabi Tel Aviv

paragraph: BULLET::::- Toto Cup: 2017–18

description: French footballer

wikidata_label: Jean-Sylvain Babin

wikipedia_title: Jean-Sylvain Babin


text:
French
Notre Dame de Paris
parlement de Paris
Germain Louis Chauvelin
François Claude Chauvelin
Society of Jesus
Jansenism
mont Saint-Michel
constitutions
banish

categories: Abbés,1770 deaths,Jansenists,1714 births,French politicians

paragraph: Henri Philippe de Chauvelin

paragraph: Henri Philippe de Chauvelin (1714–1770) was a French cleric and politician. He was a canon of Notre Dame de Paris and a councillor to the parlement de Paris. Known as the "Abbé de Chauvelin", he was the youngest son of Germain Louis Chauvelin and thus a brother of marquis François Claude Chauvelin.

paragraph: He ardently attacked the Society of Jesus and defended Jansenism, leading to his imprisonment on mont Saint-Michel in 1763. When he was released, he continued to struggle against the Jesuits and in 1761 published two works which had a major impact -"Discours sur les constitutions des Jésuites" and "Compte rendu sur la doctrine des Jésuites". This allowed him to get the Parlement of Paris to banish the Jesuits from France.

description: Canon of Notre Dame de Paris and a councillor to the parlement de Paris

wikidata_label: Henri Philippe de Chauvelin

wikipedia_title: Henri Philippe de Chauvelin


text:
Amen Dunes
Philadelphia
Los Angeles
Philadelphia
Weston, Connecticut
Morgan, Lewis & Bockius
the Holocaust
Swarthmore College
Chris Zane
Say Hey Records
No Danger
Say Hey Records
Astralwerks
Los Angeles
Brooklyn
Facebook
cancel culture
No Danger
Love
Freedom

categories: Swarthmore College alumni,American indie rock musicians,Astralwerks artists,21st-century American singers,Songwriters from Pennsylvania,People from Philadelphia,Singers from Pennsylvania,People from Weston, Connecticut,Living people,Year of birth missing (living people)

paragraph: Damon McMahon

paragraph: Damon McMahon is an American indie rock musician and the primary member of the musical project Amen Dunes. Originally from Philadelphia, he is currently based in Los Angeles.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: McMahon was born in Philadelphia and grew up in Weston, Connecticut. His mother, Thea Duell, was a prolific painter and sculptor, a lawyer at Morgan, Lewis & Bockius, and the head of a real estate company in New York City. She died on June 27, 2018. She was a Jew and a child of survivors of the Holocaust. His father is an Irish Catholic "working-class guy" from Philadelphia. McMahon attended his mother's alma mater, Swarthmore College, where he studied Chinese as an English Literature and Performance double major.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: McMahon was previously a member of short-lived NYC group Inouk. Originally formed in Philadelphia, Inouk was made up of McMahon on guitar and vocals, his brother, Alexander McMahon on guitar, keyboard, and vocals, Ian Fenger on lead guitar, Jesse Johnson on bass and vocals, and Glen Brasile on drums. In 2004, Inouk released a 4-song EP recorded by Chris Zane called "Search For The Bees" on Say Hey Records, followed by a full length record called No Danger later in 2004, also on Say Hey Records.

paragraph: He also recorded a solo album under his own name called "Mansions" on Astralwerks.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: McMahon currently lives in Los Angeles. He previously lived in the New York City borough of Brooklyn.

paragraph: In December 2018, comments made by McMahon during an interview with "No Fear of Pop" in 2014 were recirculated on social media. In the interview, McMahon replied that he did not wish to collaborate with female musicians, stating, "I don't think my energy would work with that. I mean, I love women, and I have plenty of female friends, but I don't think my energy would work with a woman. I don't know, I can't imagine it, actually. It's just not my vibe, and I don't mean that in any kind of disparaging or critical way; I just don't think chemically it'll work." McMahon responded with a post on Amen Dunes' Facebook page, where revealed that he had been sexually abused by two different adult women throughout his adolescence, between the ages of 9 and 18. He said, "When I finally reached an age where I gained enough courage to begin to acknowledge what happened to me, Amen Dunes became a form of my own therapy. It was the one safe space I had to explore the feelings and the trauma from childhood, and to start to try and reclaim my identity and sexuality as a man." He also said, "I realize without giving context, my answer was not phrased well. At that time I did not feel it appropriate, nor was I healed enough, to explain my reason in detail." The recirculation of McMahon's prior comments on social media without context has been labeled as an example of cancel culture.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Solo albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mansions" (2006)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With Inouk.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Search for the Bees" (2004) – EP

paragraph: BULLET::::- "No Danger" (2004)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With Amen Dunes.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "D.I.A." (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Through Donkey Jaw" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Spoiler" (2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Love" (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Freedom" (2018)

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Damon McMahon

wikipedia_title: Damon McMahon


text:
GE
OSH
Basque
Spanish
Basque
Carlist
Captain general of the Army
First Carlist War
Navarre
Spanish omelette
Bilbao
Carlist Army
housewife
eggs
onion
potatoes
First Carlist War
Ormaiztegi
Gipuzkoa
Zaragoza
First Siege of Zaragoza
Battle of Tudela
Second Siege of Zaragoza
Navarre
guerrilla
Miguel Antonio de Zumalacárregui
Cádiz
battle of San Marcial
Ferdinand VII
Trienio Liberal
France
courtier
Ferrol, Galicia
King Ferdinand VII
Infante Carlos, Count of Molina
Isabel
Pamplona
Carlist uprising
Navarre
Araquil
Bilbao
Southern Basque Country
aduaneros
Guías de Navarra
Charles Frederick Henningsen
Alsasua
Alegría de Álava
Venta de Echavarri
Ebro
Artaza
Madrid
La Rioja
Castile
Bilbao
musket
Basilica of Begoña
Lord Eliot Convention
Charles Frederick Henningsen
London
chapbook
People's Party of the Basque Country
Episodio nacional
Benito Pérez Galdós
Basque "fueros"
End of Basque home rule (Spain)
Zumalakarregi Museum

categories: Basque people,1835 deaths,Carlists,Military personnel of the First Carlist War,People from Goierri,Carlism,Basque history,Spanish generals,1788 births

paragraph: Tomás de Zumalacárregui

paragraph: Tomás de Zumalacárregui e Imaz, 1st Duke of the Victory of the Amezcoas, 1st Count of Zumalacárregui, GE, OSH (Basque: Tomas Zumalakarregi Imatz; 29 December 178824 June 1835), known among his troops as "Uncle Tomás", was a Spanish Basque officer who lead the Carlist faction as Captain general of the Army during the First Carlist War. He was ocassionaly nicknamed the "Wolf of the Amezcoas", making reference to his famous military victory in said region of Navarre.

paragraph: Zumalacárregui is often credited as the inventor of Spanish omelette (or "tortilla de patatas"), which he elaborated during the Siege of Bilbao, as a simple, fast and nutritious dish with which to satisfy the hardships of the Carlist Army. In search of nourishment, he came across a poor housewife who had nothing other than eggs, onion and potatoes. When Zumalacárregui mixed it up, he liked the end result and fed it to his starving troops. It is said that after this, the tortilla became incredibly popular throughout the rest of the First Carlist War, and is now one of the most renowned dishes in the world.

paragraph: Section::::From the Peninsula War to Ferdinand VII.

paragraph: Zumalacárregui was born in Ormaiztegi in Gipuzkoa, a Basque province in Spain, on 29 December 1788. His father, Francisco Antonio de Zumalacárregui, was a lawyer who possessed some property, and the son was articled to a solicitor.

paragraph: When the Peninsular War began with a French invasion of Spain in 1808 he enlisted in Zaragoza. He served in the 1808 First Siege of Zaragoza, at the Battle of Tudela, and during the 1809 Second Siege of Zaragoza until he was taken prisoner in a sortie. He succeeded in escaping and in reaching his family in Navarre. For a short time he served with Gaspar de Jáuregui, another Gipuzkoan known as "The Shepherd" (), one of the minor guerrilla leaders.

paragraph: But Zumalacárregui, who was noted for his grave and silent disposition and his strong religious principles, disliked the disorderly life of the guerrillas, and when regular forces were organized in the north he entered the 1st battalion of Gipuzkoa as an officer. During the remainder of the war he served in the regular army. In 1812, his brother Miguel Antonio de Zumalacárregui was present in Cádiz at the moment, going on to be elected chief deputy of Gipuzkoa. Tomas was then sent with dispatches to the Regency at Cádiz, and received his commission as captain. In that rank he was present at the battle of San Marcial foist of August 1813. After the restoration of Ferdinand VII he continued in the army, and is said to have made a careful study of the theory of war.

paragraph: Section::::During Ferdinand VII's rule.

paragraph: Zumalacárregui had no sympathy with the liberal principles which were spreading in Spain, and became noted as what was called a "servil" or strong Royalist. He attracted no attention at headquarters, and was still a captain when the Revolution of 1820 broke out and the Trienio Liberal was established. His brother officers, whose leanings were liberal, denounced him to the revolutionary government, and asked that he might be removed. The recommendation was not acted on, but Zumalacárregui knew of it, and laid up the offence in his mind. Finding that he was suspected (probably with truth) of an intention to bring the soldiers over to the royalist side, he escaped to France.

paragraph: In 1823 he returned as an officer in one of the royalist regiments which had been organized on French soil by the consent of the government. He was now known as a thoroughly trustworthy servant of the royalty, but he was too proud to be a courtier. For some years he was employed in bringing regiments which the government distrusted to order. He became lieutenant-colonel in 1825 and colonel in 1829. In 1832 he was named military governor of Ferrol, Galicia. Before King Ferdinand VII died in 1833, Zumalacárregui was marked out as a natural supporter of the traditionalist party, which favoured the king's brother, Infante Carlos, Count of Molina.

paragraph: Section::::The Carlist War.

paragraph: The proclamation of the king's daughter Isabel as heiress was almost the occasion of an armed conflict between him and the naval authorities at Ferrol, who were partisans of the liberal and so-called "constitutional" cause. He was put on half pay by the new authorities and ordered to live under police observation at Pamplona in Navarre.

paragraph: When the Carlist uprising began on the death of Ferdinand VII, he is said to have held back because he knew that the first leaders would be politicians and talkers. He did not take the field till the Carlist cause appeared to be at a very low ebb, and until he had received a commission from Don Carlos as commander-in-chief in Navarre.

paragraph: The whole force under his orders when he escaped from Pamplona on the night of 29 October 1833, and took the command next day in the Araquil Valley, was a few hundred ill-armed and dispirited guerrilleros. In a few months Zumalacárregui had organized the Carlist forces into a regular army. The difficulty he found in obtaining supplies was very great, for the coast towns and notably Bilbao support the "Cristino" (liberal) cause. It was mainly by captures from the government troops that he equipped his forces. He gradually obtained full possession of the Southern Basque Country, outside of the fortresses, which he had not the means to besiege. He organized the forces known as aduaneros and the Guías de Navarra. His chief bodyguard, and later biographer, was Charles Frederick Henningsen.

paragraph: Whether as a guerrilla leader, or as a general conducting regular war in the mountains, he proved unconquerable. He won the battles of Alsasua, Alegría de Álava, and Venta de Echavarri, for example, by employing guerrilla tactics.

paragraph: By July 1834 he had made it safe for Don Carlos to join his headquarters. Zumalacárregui was by then strongly envied by the courtiers that surrounded the pretender, as well as by other military officers. Besides, Don Carlos was a somewhat naïve and easily suggestible man, and Zumalacárregui had therefore to drag behind him the whole weight of the distrust and intrigues of the court. Yet by the beginning of June 1835 he had made the Carlist cause triumphant to the north of the Ebro, and had formed an army of more than 30,000 men, of much better quality than the constitutional forces. He won the battle of Artaza (20–22 April 1835).

paragraph: If Zumalacárregui had been allowed to follow his own plans, which were to concentrate his forces and march on Madrid, firstly seizing Logroño (La Rioja, Castile), he might well have put Don Carlos in possession of the capital. But the court was eager to obtain command of a seaport, because they thought this will facilitate the official recognition of Don Carlos as the legitimate heir to the Spanish Throne by other European courts. Thus, Zumalacárregui was ordered to besiege Bilbao. He obeyed reluctantly, and on 14 June 1835 was wounded by a musket bullet in the calf of the leg near the Basilica of Begoña. The wound was trifling and would probably have been cured with ease, but Zumalacárregui decided to employ a famous Gipuzkoan quack called "Petriquillo", whom he trusted. Petriquillo proceeded to remove the bullet from Zumalacárregui's leg, provoking a great loss of blood and probably an infection. Don Carlos had insisted on sending his own physicians, but they hesitated about the best prognosis to follow, losing precious time and failing to stop Petriquillo from trying his "procedure" (he acted when they were not present) and in their hands the general died on 24 June 1835, not without suspicion of poison and after Petriquillo had hastily left the place.

paragraph: Zumalacárregui was a fine type of the old royalist and religious principles of his people. The Carlist forces under his command were repeatedly refused quarter by the government's forces (which for years didn't recognize them as legitimate combatants). The increasing ferocity of the war, substantiated in routine executions of Carlist soldiers and officers, convinced him of the necessity of a similar retaliation against the liberal forces. Zumalacárregui, however, would later sign the Lord Eliot Convention, shortly before his own death, which aimed to end the indiscriminate executions by firing squad of prisoners of both sides.

paragraph: Section::::Popularity.

paragraph: The most trustful and complete account of Zumalacarregui's Carlist campaign can be found in Juan Antonio de Zaratiegui's "Vida y hechos de Don Tomás de Zumalacárregui". Zaratiegui was his personal assistant, secretary and friend throughout the war, and also himself an important carlist military officer. Accounts of Zumalacárregui include "The Most Striking Events of a Twelvemonth Campaign with Zumalacarregui in Navarre and the Basque Provinces", by Charles Frederick Henningsen (London, 1836) as well as a chapbook called ""Vida política y militar de Don Tomás Zumalacárregui"". Of Zumalacárregui, Henningsen writes:

paragraph: In 2017 the  People's Party of the Basque Country called for a street named after him to be renamed.

paragraph: Section::::Zumalacárregui in the "Episodios nacionales".

paragraph: Zumalacárregui is the main character of an eponymous "Episodio nacional", by Benito Pérez Galdós. He is portrayed as an intelligent man and an excellent strategist who fights for what he believes in.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Basque "fueros"

paragraph: BULLET::::- End of Basque home rule (Spain)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zumalakarregi Museum

description: Spanish Basque General during the 1st Carlist War

wikidata_label: Tomás de Zumalacárregui

wikipedia_title: Tomás de Zumalacárregui


text:
Machida, Tokyo
Michelin star
Frédy Girardet
Switzerland
7th arrondissement of Paris
13th arrondissement of Paris
Kenzo
Yohji Yamamoto
Chanel
Ungaro
Christian Dior
5th arrondissement of Paris
department store
Galeries Lafayette
All Nippon Airways
Marunouchi
Isetan
Shinjuku, Tokyo
Gilles Pudlowski
Anne-Sophie Pic
Salon du Chocolat
chocolatier

paragraph: Sadaharu Aoki

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: After having graduated from Machida cooking School in Machida, Tokyo, Aoki worked at Patisserie Chandon in Tokyo. In 1991, he moved to France where he began working at Jean Millet's and Pierre Couderc's restaurants in Paris. He also worked at three Michelin star chef, Frédy Girardet's restaurant in Switzerland.

paragraph: In 1998, Aoki opened his first atelier in the 7th arrondissement of Paris which, in 1999, he moved to the 13th arrondissement of Paris. In this atelier, he began to make pastries for tea rooms, restaurants, hotels and receptions. He also began delivering his pastries to fashion brands such as Kenzo, Yohji Yamamoto, Chanel, Ungaro, and Christian Dior during the Paris Collection. In 1999, Aoki also took responsibility of the French office in the All Japan Confectionery Associations.

paragraph: In 2003, he opened his second boutique in the 5th arrondissement of Paris and in 2004, he opened another boutique in the Lafayette Gourmet section of French department store, Galeries Lafayette.

paragraph: Then in 2005, he was requested by the Japanese airline All Nippon Airways to serve desserts for its business class flights departing from Paris. It was in March 2005 that he opened his first boutique in Japan in Marunouchi, Tokyo. He opened his second Tokyo boutique in 2006 at the Isetan department store in Shinjuku, Tokyo.

paragraph: In 2011, he was nominated as the Patissier of the Year by Gilles Pudlowski. In this year, Aoki also collaborated with 3 Michelin Star chef, Anne-Sophie Pic, to participate in the Salon du Chocolat. In 2013, Aoki participated again in the Salon du Chocolat and was one of the 12 chocolatiers to win the highest ratings.

description: Japanese chef patissier

wikidata_label: Sadaharu Aoki

wikipedia_title: Sadaharu Aoki


text:
pole vault
world record
1936 Olympics
Berlin
Polytechnic High School
national high school record
Santa Barbara
Earle Meadows
University of Southern California
1935 NCAA championship meet
national championships
NCAA meet
George Varoff
Olympic trials
Bill Graber
Olympic final
Olympic record
Japan
Shuhei Nishida
Sueo Ōe
Los Angeles
San Francisco
Stanford
conference
standards
IAAF
NCAA championships
Don Laz
Illinois
Dutch Warmerdam
Profile

categories: 1915 births,1982 deaths,American male pole vaulters,Sportspeople from Los Angeles,Olympic track and field athletes of the United States,Athletes (track and field) at the 1936 Summer Olympics

paragraph: Bill Sefton

paragraph: William Healy "Bill" Sefton (January 21, 1915 – May 2, 1982) was an American pole vaulter. Sefton broke the pole vault world record several times in 1937 and placed fourth in the 1936 Olympics in Berlin.

paragraph: Section::::Athletic career.

paragraph: Section::::Athletic career.:Early career.

paragraph: Sefton was a good pole vaulter already in 1932, while still at Polytechnic High School. He vaulted 13 ft  in (4.09 m) for a national high school record and shared first place in the California interscholastic championship meet. In 1934 he vaulted at least 14 ft (4.26 m) on four occasions, clearing 14 ft  in (4.28 m) at Santa Barbara on April 28, and tied for first at the national junior championships with a new meeting record of 13 ft 6 in (4.11 m).

paragraph: Sefton and Earle Meadows were teammates at the University of Southern California and collectively known as the "Heavenly Twins". The two tied for first at the 1935 NCAA championship meet, both vaulting 14 ft  in (4.29 m) for a new meeting record as USC won the team title. They also tied at the national championships, both clearing 13 ft  in (4.22 m) to share first place.

paragraph: Section::::Athletic career.:1936.

paragraph: Sefton and Meadows tied at the NCAA meet again in 1936, this time vaulting 14 ft  in (4.31 m) to improve their meeting record by a fraction of an inch. At the national championships George Varoff won with a new world record of 14 ft  in (4.43 m) while Sefton vaulted 14 ft (4.26 m) for third. However, the Olympic trials were held separately the following week and there Varoff only placed fourth and was left off the team, while Sefton, Meadows and returning Olympian and USC graduate Bill Graber all cleared 14 ft 3 in (4.34 m) to tie for first. It was the first time one university had swept the three Olympic spots at the trials.

paragraph: Sefton almost failed to qualify for the Olympic final, missing twice at 3.80 m (12 ft  in) in qualifying but clearing cleanly on his third attempt. In the final Meadows won with an Olympic record of 4.35 m (14 ft  in) while Sefton and two Japanese vaulters, Shuhei Nishida and Sueo Ōe, all cleared 4.25 m (13 ft  in) and had an extra vault as a tie-breaker. Sefton lost the jump-off and thus finished out of the medals in fourth place.

paragraph: Section::::Athletic career.:1937.

paragraph: Sefton broke the world record several times in 1937. He first improved it in Los Angeles on April 10, clearing 14 ft  in (4.45 m) to beat Varoff's mark from the previous year. A month later in San Francisco he cleared 14 ft   (4.48 m) in a dual meet against Stanford, but Meadows equaled that height later in the same competition.

paragraph: Finally, in the conference meet on May 29, again in Los Angeles, Sefton vaulted 14 ft 11 in (4.54 m), clearing that height on his first attempt. Meadows, despite missing on his first two attempts, again tied the new record on his third and final try. The two were not able to attempt 15 ft (4.57 m) that day as the standards maxed out at 14 ft 11 in and the bar couldn't be raised any higher. Only these last records were officially ratified by the IAAF.

paragraph: Sefton finally won outright at the NCAA championships, clearing 14 ft  in (4.49 m) for a meeting record and beating both Varoff and Meadows. It was only in 1951 that Don Laz of Illinois broke that record. Sefton also won the 1937 national title with a leap of 14 ft  in (4.46 m), another meeting record; Dutch Warmerdam, Meadows and Varoff all cleared the same height but missed out on countback.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile

description: American pole vaulter

wikidata_label: Bill Sefton

wikipedia_title: Bill Sefton


text:
Swedish Social Democratic Party
Riksdag
Gladsaxe
Denmark
Riksdag
nuclear weapon
diabetics
This Is Your Life
SVT
Lasse Holmqvist

categories: Swedish Social Democratic Party politicians,1984 deaths,Swedish people of Danish descent,Members of the Riksdag,1907 births,Women members of the Riksdag

paragraph: Nancy Eriksson

paragraph: Nancy Margareta Eriksson (11 April 1907 – 12 May 1984) was a Swedish politician for the Swedish Social Democratic Party and a member of the Swedish Riksdag. She also made a notable appearance in the SVT television series "Här är ditt liv" in 1981.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Eriksson was born on 11 April 1907 in Gladsaxe, Denmark. She was adopted by a Swedish family after her birth mother put her up for adoption by placing an advert in "Skånska Dagbladet" newspaper.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Eriksson graduated in 1927 and in 1932 she started working as a nurse. Eriksson was elected to the Riksdag, the Swedish national legislative assembly, in 1948 and became a ledamot in the second chamber from 1949. She remained a member of parliament between 1949 and 1970.

paragraph: Eriksson was very active in the Swedish Social Democratic campaign against the Swedish nuclear weapons programme, and at the forefront in proposing a motion against atomic weapons. The motion was accepted at the congress of democratic parties held in November 1956. As a leader of the Diabetic Society for twenty years (1956–1978), she wrote motions so that diabetics could get jobs with the state, despite earlier restrictions. During her time in the Riksdag she was successful in 1981 in legislating free bus travel for passengers travelling with baby carriages.

paragraph: Eriksson had a noted appearance on the television show "Här är ditt liv" (a Swedish version of "This Is Your Life") broadcast on 31 January 1981 on SVT. She was that week's celebrity guest, "kidnapped" at the hands of Lasse Holmqvist.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bara en hemmafru "debattskrift" 1988

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nancy – "Nancy Eriksson minns", 1985,

description: Swedish politician

wikidata_label: Nancy Eriksson

wikipedia_title: Nancy Eriksson


text:
Maui
Warner Bros.
Hawaiian Eye
American Broadcasting Company
North Hollywood
Honokaa High School
Honokaa, Hawaii
Hawaii Vocational School
United States Army
Munich
Ben Blue's
Santa Monica
William T. Orr
Jack L. Warner
Warner Bros.
Hawaiian Eye
ABC
Don Ho
Waikiki
Elvis Presley's
Speedway
Melbourne
Buenos Aires
Las Vegas
Warner Bros. Records
Billboard
Chad Mitchell Trio's
Damita Jo
Dinah Washington
Lee Dorsey
Pacific Pioneer Broadcasters
Connie Stevens
Hawaiian Wedding Song
Augie T.
Speedway
The World's Greatest Lover
77 Sunset Strip
The Gallant Men
Hawaiian Eye
The Red Skelton Hour
Family Feud

categories: 2013 deaths,People from Maui,1933 births,American male actors of Filipino descent,Musicians from Hawaii,American ukulele players,American male television actors,Bongo players,American trombonists,Male trombonists,Male actors from Hawaii

paragraph: Poncie Ponce

paragraph: Poncie Ponce (born Ponciano Hernandez; April 10, 1933 – July 19, 2013) was an American actor, musician and stand-up comedian. Born in Maui, Hawaii, he moved to Los Angeles, where from 1959–1963 he played the role of cab driver Kazuo Kim in the Warner Bros. detective series "Hawaiian Eye", on the American Broadcasting Company television network.

paragraph: In 1961, Ponce was at the forefront of a growing national interest in martial arts when he opened a karate studio in North Hollywood.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Ponciano Hernandez was born one of seven children in Maui, Hawaii on April 10, 1933 to Maria and Alberto Hernandez. He attended Honokaa High School in Honokaa, Hawaii, and pursued a career as a welder at Hawaii Vocational School. However, he was called to serve his country for two years in the United States Army. Deployed to Germany in 1953, Ponce honed his artistic talents in Munich's clubs. The entertainment bug bit him, and upon return to civilian life, Ponce made the rounds of Hawaii's local talent contests and television and radio stations. Encouraged by Hawaii tourist audiences, Ponce decided to try his luck in Los Angeles.

paragraph: Section::::Discovery and stardom.

paragraph: Los Angeles automobile dealer Bob Yeakel broadcast an 18-hour weekly amateur talent show called "Rocket to Stardom" from his Wilshire Boulevard showroom. The broadcast was split over two local stations, KHJ-TV Channel 9 and KTTV-TV Channel 11.Ponce made a series of appearances on the local show in the late 1950s and was soon working at Ben Blue's Santa Monica night club. Warner Bros. honchos William T. Orr and Hugh Benson happened to catch his act at Ben Blue's and thought he might be a good fit for their new production "Hawaiian Eye". There was one stipulation to the contract, that he change his name to Poncie Ponce. Jack L. Warner changed his name to Ponce.

paragraph: Ponce came to national attention in 1959 as the wise-cracking cab driver Kazuo Kim on the Warner Bros. detective series "Hawaiian Eye", which ran for four years on ABC. Kazuo Kim was known for his trademark straw hat and ubiquitous ukulele, as a sometimes informant for the detectives, or as he idly plucked the uke while leaning against his cab waiting for a fare. The show's intro showed Kazuo Kim floating in the ocean on an inner tube, wearing the hat and plucking his uke.

paragraph: According to Don Ho, in the days when Don was still just a local entertainer in Waikiki, Ponce and the "Hawaiian Eye" cast and crew used to come to his show every night. The "Hawaiian Eye" patronage became a big draw for Don and the small club, as customers would line up just to be able to be with the television celebrities.

paragraph: Section::::Films and club dates.

paragraph: The show led to parts in a handful of films, most notably as part of a stock car racing pit crew on Elvis Presley's team in the 1968 "Speedway".

paragraph: "Hawaiian Eye" provided opportunities for Ponce, that continued after the show ended, to perform and make personal appearances around the globe. In 1963, Ponce joined the promotional staff of television station HSV 7 in Melbourne, Australia. Beginning December 29, 1964, Ponce began a four-week engagement at the Checkers Club in Sydney, Australia. In February 1965, Ponce played the Getsusekai club in Tokyo. June 9–16, 1965, Ponce was appearing on radio and television in Buenos Aires. Ponce, who lived in California, sometimes entertained at events in Las Vegas.

paragraph: Long after the show ended, Ponce was booked at nostalgia events.

paragraph: Section::::Recordings.

paragraph: The television show also opened opportunities for Ponce to record for Warner Bros. Records. In 1961, Warner Bros. released Ponce's single "Ten Cent Perfume / No Huhu". "Billboard" magazine gave the single a three-star rating for "Moderate sales potential". The magazine explained its three-star rating as, ""...these frequently will be of interest for disk jockey programming."" An interesting three-star rating in the same issue was given to the Chad Mitchell Trio's single release "Lizzie Borden". In 1962, Warner Bros released the album "Poncie Ponce Sings". "Billboard" gave the album a four-star "Strong Sales Potential" rating, saying, ""He does his best work on novelties,"" and giving the album the same ranking as new albums from artists Damita Jo, Dinah Washington and Lee Dorsey.

paragraph: Section::::Later years.

paragraph: In 2000, Ponce underwent heart surgery. That same year, he made an appearance at a Pacific Pioneer Broadcasters luncheon honoring his friend and former co-star Connie Stevens, where the two old friends sang the "Hawaiian Wedding Song". In 2006, Ponce, who was home on Maui for a high school reunion, gave locals a thrill by performing an impromptu jam with stand-up comic Augie T. After retiring, Ponce spent time with his wife of over five decades and his grandchildren. He died on July 19, 2013 at 80.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hawaiian Eye" (soundtrack) (1960) Warner Bros. 1355, (2006) re-released, Collectibles 7779

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ten Cent Perfume / No Huhu" (1961) Warner Bros. single 5244

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Poncie Ponce Sings" (1962) Warner Bros. W5-1453

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Portrait of a Mobster" (1961)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Speedway" (1968)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The World's Greatest Lover" (1977)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (1987)

paragraph: Section::::Television appearances.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "77 Sunset Strip" (1959–1960)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Gallant Men" (1963)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hawaiian Eye" (1959–1963)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Red Skelton Hour" (1953–1963)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Woody Woodbury Show" (1968)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Family Feud" (1983)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Michael Nesmith in Television Parts" (1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Doctor Duck's Super Secret All-Purpose Sauce" (1986)

wikidata_label: Poncie Ponce

wikipedia_title: Poncie Ponce


text:
baseball
catcher
Major League Baseball
Pittsburgh Pirates
Colorado Rockies
St. Louis Cardinals
Farragut High School
Middle Tennessee State University
2009 Baseball World Cup
Lucas May
Colorado Rockies
2006 Major League Baseball Draft
Tri-City Dust Devils
Asheville Tourists
Modesto Nuts
Baseball America
Colorado Rockies
Tulsa Drillers
Colorado Springs Sky Sox
Cincinnati Reds
Carlos Fisher
Boston Red Sox
Boston Red Sox
Pittsburgh Pirates
Pittsburgh Pirates
Houston Astros
J. A. Happ
Atlanta Braves
Scott Proctor
Pedro Alvarez
Julio Lugo
Jerry Meals
Fort McHenry
Baltimore
War of 1812
Cincinnati Reds
Chris Stewart
New York Yankees
Colorado Rockies
Texas Rangers
St. Louis Cardinals
Atlanta Braves
Milwaukee Brewers
Tampa Bay Rays
Pittsburgh Pirates
Middle Tennessee State Bio

categories: Tulsa Drillers players,1985 births,Pittsburgh Pirates players,Colorado Rockies players,Phoenix Desert Dogs players,Gwinnett Braves players,Colorado Springs Sky Sox players,Tri-City Dust Devils players,St. Louis Cardinals players,Memphis Redbirds players,Pawtucket Red Sox players,Major League Baseball catchers,Leones del Escogido players,Asheville Tourists players,Waikiki Beach Boys players,Modesto Nuts players,Living people,Baseball players from Tennessee,Sportspeople from Knoxville, Tennessee,Middle Tennessee Blue Raiders baseball players,Round Rock Express players

paragraph: Michael McKenry

paragraph: Michael Charles McKenry (born March 4, 1985), nicknamed "The Fort", is an American former professional baseball catcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Colorado Rockies, and St. Louis Cardinals.

paragraph: Section::::High school and college.

paragraph: McKenry attended Cedar Bluff Middle School, Farragut High School, and Middle Tennessee State University.

paragraph: Section::::International career.

paragraph: McKenry was originally named to the USA roster for the 2009 Baseball World Cup, but was injured and replaced by Lucas May before the tournament began.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Colorado Rockies.

paragraph: McKenry was drafted by the Colorado Rockies in the 7th round of the 2006 Major League Baseball Draft. In 2006, he played for the Tri-City Dust Devils. In 2007, he played for the Asheville Tourists. In 2008, he played for the Modesto Nuts. In January 2009, Baseball America rated McKenry the #9 prospect in the Colorado Rockies organization. In 2009, he played for the Tulsa Drillers. In 2010, he played for the Colorado Springs Sky Sox, before being called up to the Rockies in September. McKenry made his major league debut on September 8, 2010, flying out against Cincinnati Reds pitcher Carlos Fisher in his only at bat. On March 29, 2011, McKenry was traded to the Boston Red Sox for minor league RHP Daniel Turpen.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Boston Red Sox.

paragraph: On March 29, 2011, McKenry was traded to the Boston Red Sox for minor league RHP Daniel Turpen. On June 13, 2011, he was traded to the Pittsburgh Pirates for cash or a player to be named later.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Pittsburgh Pirates.

paragraph: On June 13, 2011, he was traded to the Pittsburgh Pirates for cash or a player to be named later. McKenry made his debut for the Pirates on June 13 and recorded his first major league hit, a single off of Houston Astros starter J. A. Happ, two days later. He hit his first major league home run on July 8, 2011 against the Chicago Cubs.

paragraph: On July 26, McKenry was involved in a controversial play against the Atlanta Braves in the bottom of the 19th inning. With runners on the corners, Scott Proctor hit a ground ball to Pedro Alvarez, who threw to McKenry, who appeared to tag Julio Lugo out at home. However, home plate umpire Jerry Meals called him safe, allowing Lugo to score the walk-off run.

paragraph: McKenry has been given the nickname "Fort McKenry" or simply "The Fort" by fans and media in Pittsburgh due to his defensive skills behind the plate as the Pirates' catcher and the similarity of his name to Fort McHenry, the famous fort in Baltimore known for its role in the War of 1812.

paragraph: On April 14, 2013 McKenry posted his first multi-homer game in the major leagues as he hit 2 home runs, rallying the Pirates to a 10-7 win over the Cincinnati Reds. On July 30, 2013, McKenry underwent knee surgery to repair a torn meniscus and was ruled out for the rest of the 2013 season.

paragraph: On December 2, 2013, the Pirates acquired Chris Stewart from the New York Yankees, and designated McKenry for assignment. He was non-tendered by the Pirates later that day, becoming a free agent.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Second stint with Rockies.

paragraph: McKenry signed a minor league deal with the Colorado Rockies on January 16, 2014.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Texas Rangers.

paragraph: McKenry signed a minor league deal with the Texas Rangers in December 2015. He was released on May 25, 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:St. Louis Cardinals.

paragraph: On May 27, 2016, McKenry signed a minor league contract with the St. Louis Cardinals. The Cardinals called him up on July 7; he made two plate appearances, and was designated for assignment on July 19.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Atlanta Braves.

paragraph: On July 22, McKenry signed a minor league contract with the Atlanta Braves.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Milwaukee Brewers.

paragraph: On August 15, 2016, he was traded to the Milwaukee Brewers for an unknown return.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Tampa Bay Rays.

paragraph: On December 16, 2016, McKenry signed a minor league contract with the Tampa Bay Rays. He elected free agency on November 6, 2017.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Retirement.

paragraph: On February 2, 2018, McKenry announced his retirement to join MTSU as the director of player development. On February 9, 2018, the Pittsburgh Pirates announced that he would serve as a studio analyst on the team's pregame and postgame shows.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: McKenry is the son of Cliff and Shelia McKenry. He married his wife, Jaclyn, in 2008, the same year Jaclyn's father died.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Middle Tennessee State Bio

description: American professional baseball player

wikidata_label: Michael McKenry

wikipedia_title: Michael McKenry


text:
Dordrecht
"peintre de la marine"
Netherlands
barge
Waal
Meuse
Merwede
France
Italy
Ionian Sea
Website of the Kona Kai gallery

categories: Artists from Dordrecht,1957 births,20th-century Dutch painters,Dutch male painters,Dutch emigrants to France,Dutch marine artists,French male painters,21st-century French painters,20th-century French painters,Living people

paragraph: Dirk Verdoorn

paragraph: Dirk Verdoorn (born 1957 in Dordrecht), is a French "peintre de la marine" from the Netherlands.

paragraph: He spent his childhood on a barge at the confluence of the Waal, the Meuse and the Merwede, before settling in France. He worked as an art teacher and stage designer before beginning to sell his paintings in 1997.

paragraph: In 2001, he received the bronze medal at the Salon de la Marine, then the gold medal two years later. In 2005, he was appointed "peintre de la marine agréé".

paragraph: He currently lives in south Italy, along the Ionian Sea.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Website of the Kona Kai gallery (Florida)

description: Dutch painter

wikidata_label: Dirk Verdoorn

wikipedia_title: Dirk Verdoorn


text:
Hungarian
Hódmezővásárhely
Bertalan Székely
Károly Lotz
János Gregus
Académie Julian
Paris
Mihály Munkácsy
Germany
Italy
Gyula Rudnay
Béla Endre
Mártély
Budapest
Szentendre
plein air
Budapest
ArtNet Entry
Biography

categories: 1869 births,19th-century Hungarian painters,1936 deaths

paragraph: János Tornyai

paragraph: János Tornyai (January 18, 1869 – September 20, 1936) was a renowned Hungarian painter born in Hódmezővásárhely.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Tornyai, the son of day labourers, studied at the School of Decorative Art in 1886-88, then a guest pupil of Bertalan Székely, Károly Lotz and János Gregus in 1888-89. He studied at the Académie Julian in Paris from 1894 where he was influenced by Mihály Munkácsy's art. He visited Germany and Italy in 1897, then returned to Hódmezővásárhely.

paragraph: He had hardly enough to keep body and soul together, and had a studio from 1903 only. He started to collect folklore products together with Gyula Rudnay and Béla Endre and they founded a school in Hódmezővásárhely to save folk pottery. He lived in Mártély from the 1910s onwards where he painted a series of landscapes on the Great Plain. He moved to Budapest in 1919. He worked in Szentendre for a few months in 1933–34.

paragraph: First he was Munkácsy's follower in portraying peasants' lives. His major works from this period "Rákóczi in Rodostó", 1904, "The Outlaw's Love", 1907, and "Miklós Nagy Bercsényi", 1908. "Heritage" inspired him to paint landscapes with delicate colours ("Well-Sweep", "Hungarian Fate", etc.). In his late Szentendre period, colours became lighter and he was engaged in plein air ("Woman in Green Coat", 1932–34, etc.).

paragraph: He became interested in the Great Plain around 1904 and from then on he made several pictures about farmsteads of violent brushwork and swinging style. Hódmezővásárhely was the place he always returned to after his journeys to Budapest, Paris and Szentendre, and he spent his last years nearly, in Mártély. Very much serenity and great painting. In 1984, 718 pictures were found under the floor of his studio. Now these pictures are in the Tornyai Museum of Hódmezővásárhely.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- XIX-XX. century Hungarian painting. Ed. Ibos Éva. Transl. Havasi Máté. Kisújszállás : Pannon-Literatúra Kft., 2007. János Tornyai see 94-95. p.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ArtNet Entry

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography

alias:
Johann Tornyai
Janos Tornyai

description: painter

wikidata_label: János Tornyai

wikipedia_title: János Tornyai


text:
dreampop
Galaxie 500
psychedelic rock
Magic Hour
psychedelic folk
Damon and Naomi
Future Bible Heroes
Waxahatchee
Julia Holter
dreampop
Galaxie 500
Damon Krukowski
Damon and Naomi
Michio Kurihara
Ghost
Exact Change
avant-garde
Giant Robot
Meg Baird
Julia Holter
Future Bible Heroes
Tanya Donelly
Marissa Nadler
Waxahatchee
Heather Trost
Lee Ranaldo
Damon Krukowski
Harvard
Harvard Graduate School of Design
John Yang
Neutral Milk Hotel
On Avery Island
Naomivision
Damon & Naomi

categories: 1964 births,21st-century American women artists,20th-century American artists,21st-century American bass guitarists,American female rock singers,Alternative rock bass guitarists,20th-century bass guitarists,Female bass guitarists,American female singers,Radcliffe College alumni,20th-century American women artists,21st-century American artists,American alternative rock musicians,Living people,20th-century American women singers,American rock bass guitarists

paragraph: Naomi Yang

paragraph: Naomi Yang (born September 15, 1964) is an American musician, graphic designer, photographer and filmmaker. She was a member of the dreampop band Galaxie 500, psychedelic rock band Magic Hour and is half of the psychedelic folk duo Damon and Naomi. She has also made videos for a wide number of artists including Future Bible Heroes, Waxahatchee and Julia Holter.

paragraph: Section::::Music.

paragraph: Yang was bassist and occasional vocalist with noted dreampop band Galaxie 500 on all their recordings from 1987 until their split in 1991. She then recorded three albums and toured with the psychedelic rock band Magic Hour. Since Galaxie 500's split she has worked as duo with her partner Damon Krukowski as Damon and Naomi who have collaborated with notable musicians such as the guitarist Michio Kurihara and members of the Japanese rock band Ghost.

paragraph: Section::::Publishing.

paragraph: In 1989 Yang set up the independent book publisher Exact Change with her partner, who specializes in publishing 19th and 20th century avant-garde literature.

paragraph: Section::::Graphic design.

paragraph: Yang has been responsible for designing the covers of all of Exact Changes publications as well as the sleeves of all of Galaxie 500 and Damon & Naomi's releases. She has also done design work for a wide number of clients including The John Cage Trust.

paragraph: Section::::Photography and film.

paragraph: Yang's photographs have been reproduced in a variety of publications including Giant Robot

paragraph: In 2011 Yang moved into film-making, directing and editing videos for a wide variety of musical artists.

paragraph: Section::::Photography and film.:Selected videos.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Meg Baird - “The Finder” (2011, Drag City)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Julia Holter - “Our Sorrows” (2012, RVNG Intl.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Future Bible Heroes - “Living, Loving, Partygoing” (2013, Merge Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tanya Donelly - “Mass Ave” (2013, American Laundromat)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marissa Nadler - “Drive” (2014, Sacred Bones)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Waxahatchee - “La Loose” (2015, Merge Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Heather Trost - “Agistri” (2016, LM Duplication)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lee Ranaldo - “New Thing” (2017, Mute Records)

paragraph: In 2013 she directed and edited the short film Fortune which has screened around the world usually accompanied by live accompaniment by Damon & Naomi.

paragraph: Section::::Photography and film.:Fortune.:Selected screenings.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts, Harvard University (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pop Montreal (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Istanbul Film Festival

paragraph: BULLET::::- Museum of Pop Culture, Seattle (2017)

paragraph: Section::::Photography and film.:Exhibitions.

paragraph: In 2011 The Aviary Gallery in Jamaica Plain, MA presented a solo show of Yang's photography and video. She has also exhibited as part of the gallery's Sound on Sight group exhibition in 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Yang is married to drummer and author Damon Krukowski.

paragraph: Yang graduated from Harvard with a BA with honors from the Visual & Environmental Studies Department in 1986 and then from 1986 to 1989 she studied architecture at Harvard Graduate School of Design.

paragraph: Yang's father was noted landscape photographer John Yang.

paragraph: Yang is the namesake of "Naomi", a song from Neutral Milk Hotel's debut studio album "On Avery Island".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Naomivision

paragraph: BULLET::::- Damon & Naomi

wikidata_label: Naomi Yang

wikipedia_title: Naomi Yang


text:
Lycian
Nereid Monument
British Museum
Telmessos
Xanthos
Achaemenid Empire
Kheriga
Nereid Monument
British Museum
Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
Greek Temple

categories: Rulers in the Achaemenid Empire,4th-century BC Iranian people

paragraph: Arbinas

paragraph: Arbinas, also Erbinas, Erbbina, was a Lycian Dynast who ruled circa 430/20-400 BCE. He is most famous for his tomb, the Nereid Monument, now on display in the British Museum. Coinage seems to indicate that he ruled in the western part of Lycia, around Telmessos, while his tomb was established in Xanthos. He was a subject of the Achaemenid Empire.

paragraph: Section::::Rule.

paragraph: He was the son of the previous Lycian king Kheriga. On his inscriptions, Erbinas is described as a "tyrannos", and ""the man who rules over the Lycians".

paragraph: It seems the Lycia kingdom started to disintegrate during the rule of Arbinas, as numerous smaller rulers started to mint coinage throughout Lycia during his reign and after.

paragraph: Section::::Tomb.

paragraph: His monumental tomb, the Nereid Monument, now in the British Museum, was the main inspiration for the famous Mausoleum at Halicarnassus. Using the design of a Greek Temple for the building of a tomb was unheard of in mainland Greece.

wikidata_label: Arbinas

wikipedia_title: Arbinas


text: Roman Catholic

text: León, Guanajuato

categories: 2018 deaths,Mexican Roman Catholic archbishops,1933 births

paragraph: Pedro Aranda-Díaz Muñoz

paragraph: Pedro Aranda-Díaz Muñoz (29 June 1933 – 11 November 2018) was a Mexican Roman Catholic archbishop.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Aranda-Díaz Muñoz was born in León, Guanajuato, and was ordained to the priesthood in 1956. He served as bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Tulancingo in Mexico from 1975 to 2006 and then as archbishop of the Tulancingo Archdiocese from 2006 to 2008.

description: Mexican catholic priest

wikidata_label: Pedro Aranda Díaz-Muñoz

wikipedia_title: Pedro Aranda-Díaz Muñoz


text:
Italian
Marsica
Abruzzo
Avezzano
Abruzzo
Rome
Trasacco
Colonna family
Marsica
Sulmona
L'Aquila
St. Cesidius' Chair
Trasacco
simony
Aquilan bishop
Diocese of Veroli
Ferdinando Ughelli
Marsi diocese
Pescina
Ferdinando Ughelli

categories: Italian historians,17th-century Roman Catholic priests,17th-century historians,1663 deaths,1597 births,17th-century Italian writers,Italian Roman Catholic priests

paragraph: Muzio Febonio

paragraph: Muzio Febonio (13 July 1597 – 3 January 1663) was an Italian priest and historian, best known for his historical and agiographic works about Marsica, the Abruzzo sub-region where he was born. In his writings he made extensive use of archive documents and historiographic and archaeological sources, showing a deep knowledge of them, although in a somewhat formal and pedantic style. However, his works represent a valuable source of information for later historians, even if their publication occurred with a lot of errors and delays, which partly explains the limited fame this author enjoyed.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was born in Avezzano, Abruzzo. He completed his studies in Rome where he obtained a PhD in law before taking up theological studies and an ecclesiastical career. Febonio came, in 1626, to obtain the office of apostolic protonotary. He became the abbot of Saint Cesidius Church in Trasacco in 1631 and the property administrator of the Colonna family in Marsica. Here he began to devote himself to the historical and geographical studies of his own land since it was lacking in historical summaries and documentation.

paragraph: In 1648 Febonio settled first in Sulmona, where he obtained the post of general vicar of the cathedral and then, in 1651, in L'Aquila for the same position. During the troubled stay in L'Aquila he received several accusations, later totally dropped, from the vicar of St. Cesidius' Chair in Trasacco, including those of simony and murder. Misunderstandings and contrasts will arise with the new Aquilan bishop, Spanish Francesco Tellio de Leon, elected in 1654, which will prove irremediable.

paragraph: From 1660, after some years without posts when he devoted himself to scholarly studies with a greater commitment, he was partnered with the vicar of the Diocese of Veroli.

paragraph: The first draft of the precious "Historiae marsorum" () would date back just to 1660, however, the work, made of three books, was terminated between 1661 and 1662, and in all likelihood, after some months, so was the revision with the stylistic corrections suggested by historian Ferdinando Ughelli, also considered by Febonio as a master of erudition. He will spend the last years of his life in his native town as general vicar of Marsi diocese, finally partnering with the vicar of Pescina, where he died after a short disease.

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.

paragraph: The main works are listed below:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vita dei gloriosi Martiri San Cesidio e San Rufino" ("Life of the Glorious Martyrs St. Cesidius and St. Rufinus", 1643)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "S. Bartolomeo Apostolo" ("St. Bartholomew the Apostle", 1651)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "L'amore divino due volte bendato" ("The Twice Blindfolded Divine Love", 1653)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lettere dirette a Ferdinando Ughelli" ("Letters Addressed to Ferdinando Ughelli", 1660)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Historiae Marsorum" ("History of Marsi", 1661-1662)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vita di San Berardo e di altri santi della diocesi de' Marsi" ("The Life of St. Berardus and Other Saints of the Marsi Diocese", 1973)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ferdinando Ughelli

description: Italian priest and historian

wikidata_label: Muzio Febonio

wikipedia_title: Muzio Febonio


text:
Dutch
speed skater
1936
1948 Winter Olympics
500 m
1500 m
5000 m
10,000 m event
500 m
1500 m
5000 m
10,000 m events
Speed skating 1936+1948

categories: Speed skaters at the 1936 Winter Olympics,People from Langedijk,Speed skaters at the 1948 Winter Olympics,1910 births,1981 deaths,Dutch male speed skaters,Olympic speed skaters of the Netherlands

paragraph: Jan Langedijk

paragraph: Jan Langedijk (27 July 1910 – 3 December 1981) was a Dutch speed skater who competed at the 1936 and 1948 Winter Olympics. In 1936 he finished 24th in the 500 m, 14th in the 1500 m, fourth in the 5000 m and sixth in the 10,000 m event. Twelve years later he placed 29th in the 500 m, 13th in the 1500 m, fifth in the 5000 m and sixth in the 10,000 m events. Domestically he won the Dutch allround titles in 1940 and 1947.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Speed skating 1936+1948

description: Dutch speed skater

wikidata_label: Jan Langedijk

wikipedia_title: Jan Langedijk


text: scribe

text: 19th Dynasty

text: fl.

text: Egyptian Book of the Dead

text: Papyrus of Ani

text: Pharaoh

text: Seti I

text: Smarthistory

text: Papyrus of Hunefer

categories: 13th-century BC works,Ancient Egyptian scribes

paragraph: Hunefer

paragraph: Hunefer was a scribe during the 19th Dynasty ("fl." c. 1300 BCE). He was the owner of the Papyrus of Hunefer, a copy of the funerary Egyptian Book of the Dead, which represents one of the classic examples of these texts, along with others such as the Papyrus of Ani.

paragraph: Hunefer was "Scribe of Divine Offerings", "Overseer of Royal Cattle", and steward of Pharaoh Seti I.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Judgement in the Presence of Osiris, Hunefer's Book of the Dead, Smarthistory

paragraph: BULLET::::- Papyrus of Hunefer

description: Ancient Egyptian scribe

wikidata_label: Hunefer

wikipedia_title: Hunefer


text:
Neapolitan
Capetian House of Anjou
Queen Joanna I
Charles, Duke of Calabria
Robert the Wise
Marie of Valois
Philip VI of France
Joanna
King Robert
Naples
bull
Pope John XXII
Charles I Robert
Andrew
Louis
John, Duke of Normandy
Agnes of Périgord
John, Duke of Durazzo
Charles, Duke of Durazzo
Joanna, Duchess of Durazzo
Louis of Navarre
Robert IV of Artois, Count of Eu
Agnes of Durazzo
Cansignorio della Scala
James of Baux
Margaret of Durazzo
Mela
Charles of Durazzo
Louis of Taranto
Kingdom of Naples
King of Hungary
Aversa
San Pietro a Maiella
Avignon
Pope Clement VI
Black Death
Italian Peninsula
Castel dell'Ovo
Trentola-Ducenta
Philip II of Taranto
Robert of Naples
Charles III
Santa Chiara Basilica

categories: 1366 deaths,Princesses of Taranto,1329 births,Latin Empresses of Constantinople,House of Anjou-Taranto,Princesses of Achaea,House of Anjou-Durazzo,House of Anjou-Naples

paragraph: Maria of Calabria

paragraph: Maria of Calabria (6 May 1329 – 20 May 1366) was a Neapolitan princess of the Capetian House of Anjou whose descendants inherited the crown of Naples following the death of her older sister, Queen Joanna I.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Early Years.

paragraph: Maria was the fifth and posthumous child of Charles, Duke of Calabria (eldest son of King Robert the Wise of Naples), and Marie of Valois (sister of King Philip VI of France). She was born approximately six months following her father's death, on 9 November 1328. At the time of her birth, from her older three sisters and one brother, only Joanna, born in March 1328, was alive. Two years later, on 23 October 1331, Marie of Valois died during a pilgrimage to Bari, leaving Maria and her older sister (now heiress of the throne of Naples) orphans. Both were raised at the court of their paternal grandfather, King Robert, in Naples.

paragraph: By a bull dated on 30 June 1332, Pope John XXII officially decreed that Maria and her older sister would be married to the sons of the King of Hungary, Charles I Robert: Joanna was betrothed with Andrew, while Maria was destined to his older brother and heir of the Hungarian throne, Louis; however, this engagement was conditioned that if Joanna died before her marriage could be consummated, then Maria would marry Andrew. In this way, King Robert wanted to reconcile his bloodline with the descendants of his older brother, deprived from the crown of Naples in his favor.

paragraph: The king died on 20 January 1343. By the provisions of his will, her elder sister Joanna was to become ruler of Naples, while Maria was not only given the County of Alba and a vast inheritance but also was confirmed her betrothal with Louis of Hungary, or in the case that this union never happened, the king instructed that she then could marry John, Duke of Normandy, heir of the French throne (although he was already married since 1332).

paragraph: Section::::Life.:First marriage.

paragraph: Shortly after the death of her grandfather, however, Maria was abducted by Agnes of Périgord, widow of John, Duke of Durazzo. Agnes arranged the marriage of Maria to her son, Charles, Duke of Durazzo. The marriage took place on 21 April 1343, the bride being almost fourteen years old and the groom twenty. They had five children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Louis of Durazzo (December 1343 – 14 January 1344)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Joanna, Duchess of Durazzo (1344 – 20 July 1387); married firstly on 19 June 1366 to Infante Louis of Navarre, Count of Beaumont (d. 1372), and secondly on 1376 to Robert IV of Artois, Count of Eu (d. 1387). There was no issue from either marriage.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Agnes of Durazzo (1345 – 15 July 1388, Naples), married firstly on 6 June 1363 Cansignorio della Scala, Lord of Verona (d. 1375), and secondly on 1382 to James of Baux (d. 1383). There was no issue from either marriage.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Clementia of Durazzo (1346 – 1363, Naples)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Margaret of Durazzo (28 July 1347 – 6 August 1412, Mela), married in January 1369 to Charles of Durazzo, Conte of Gravina and Morrone, later King of Naples

paragraph: Charles and Maria headed a faction opposing Queen Joanna and her second husband, Louis of Taranto. On 15 January 1348, Charles was named Lieutenant General and Governor of the Kingdom of Naples. The King and Queen had fled in the face of an invasion by the King of Hungary, Charles apparently seeing an opportunity to claim power in their absence. He was captured by the Hungarians only days later, near Aversa. On 23 January 1348, Charles was decapitated in front of San Pietro a Maiella. His period of power had lasted less than a week. Maria had become a nineteen-year-old widow.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Second marriage.

paragraph: With Charles dead, Maria fled Naples for Avignon. She sought refuge at the court of Pope Clement VI. In 1348, the Black Death reached the Italian Peninsula, forcing the King of Hungary and the majority of his army to retreat back to their homeland in hope of escaping the spreading epidemic. Maria returned to Naples and settled at the Castel dell'Ovo.

paragraph: According to the "Chronicle of Parthénope", the Neapolitan princes whom King Louis of Hungary had imprisoned during his first campaign in Southern Italy proposed him to marry Maria, his previous bride. During the siege of Aversa in the summer of 1350, Louis met her envoy in the nearby Trentola-Ducenta and the terms of their marriage were accepted. However, before the marriage could take place, she was abducted again, this time by Hugh IV, Lord of Baux and Count of Avellino, who forced Maria to marry with his eldest son and heir, Robert. They had no children.

paragraph: Hugh IV was murdered on the orders of Maria's brother-in-law Louis of Taranto, in 1351. Two years later (1353), Maria was finally rescued by King Louis of Hungary, but her husband Robert was captured and imprisoned by Louis of Taranto at Castel dell'Ovo, where he was killed by her orders. She reportedly witnessed the murder first hand.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Third marriage.

paragraph: Shortly after her second husband's death, Maria was again imprisoned, this time by Louis of Taranto, and was released only after her marriage, in April 1355, to Philip II of Taranto, Louis' younger brother. They had five children, all of whom died young:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Philip of Taranto (born and died 1356)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Charles of Taranto (born and died 1358)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Philip of Taranto (born and died 1360)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stillborn son (1362)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stillborn son (1366).

paragraph: In his will, Robert of Naples named Maria heir to the kingdom of Naples in the event that Joanna I died childless. When Maria died in 1366, her claims passed to her three surviving daughters, of whom the husband of the third eventually claimed the throne of Naples in 1382 as Charles III. Maria died at age 37, probably from childbirth complications, and was buried at Santa Chiara Basilica, Naples.

alias:
Marie Naples
Sicily-Marie d'Anjou
Maria of Durazzo

description: Empress consort of Philip II of Taranto

wikidata_label: Maria of Calabria

wikipedia_title: Maria of Calabria


text: paleoecologist

text: biomineralization

text: magnetite

text: coral reef

text: geologic

text: Upper Silesia

text: Germany

text: ceded to Poland

text: Arthur Löwenstamm

text: Siemjanowicz

text: mine tailings

text: hochschule

text: fossil

text: vertebrate

text: paleontology

text: University of Frankfurt

text: University of Munich

text: fall

text: Karl von Frisch

text: Eastern Nazareth Mountains

text: Holocaust

text: University of Chicago

text: U.S. military

text: Illinois Geological Survey

text: Illinois State Museum

text: Ozark Mountain

text: isotope geochemistry

text: Harold Urey

text: Harrison Brown

text: Sam Epstein

text: Clair Patterson

text: Harold Urey

text: Bermuda

text: Caltech

text: National Academy of Sciences

text: University of Munich

text: Paleontological Society Medal

text: Munich

text: classics

text: University of Oregon

text: Lisa Goldstein

text: New York City

text: California Institute of Technology

text: European Association of Geochemistry

text: Science Innovation Award

text: biogeochemistry

text: National Academy of Sciences Biography

text: Illinois Geological Survey Memorial

categories: 1912 births,California Institute of Technology alumni,Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences,1993 deaths,American ecologists,Geobiologists,American people of German-Jewish descent,Biogeochemists,Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni

paragraph: Heinz A. Lowenstam

paragraph: Heinz Adolf Lowenstam (October 9, 1912 – June 7, 1993) was a German-born, Jewish-American paleoecologist celebrated for his discoveries in biomineralization: that living organisms manufacture substances such as the iron-containing mineral magnetite within their bodies. He is also renowned for his pioneering research on coral reefs and their influence on biologic processes in the geologic record.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Heinz Adolf Lowenstam was born in 1912 in Upper Silesia, which was then southeastern Germany but was ceded to Poland following World War I. His father, Kurt (1883–1965), was the younger brother of Rabbi Arthur Löwenstamm. His mother was Frieda Sternberg (b. 1889). He had a younger sister, Hildegard (Hilda), who married Kurt Weissenberg and had a daughter, Doris.

paragraph: Heinz's hometown of Siemjanowicz was located in a mining district, and his fascination with geology began as a child playing on the piles of mine tailings, against the backdrop of Germany's great economic depression of the 1920s. His scientific interests were encouraged by his family and fostered through his attendance at an experimental hochschule that focused on mathematics, physics, and chemistry. It was here that Heinz started his first fossil collection and shaped his desire to become a paleontologist.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Lowenstam began his collegiate studies in the vertebrate paleontology program at the University of Frankfurt, but arrived to find the program collapsing due to the recent death of the university's leading paleontologist. He transferred to the University of Munich in the fall of 1933, studying under Professors Broili, Edgar Dacqué, and the biologist Karl von Frisch. Lowenstam's studies in Munich coincided with Adolf Hitler's rise to power and the deterioration of conditions for German Jews. According to his biographer, Joseph L. Kirschvink, "In 1935, he declared his intention of conducting his Ph.D. field research in Palestine, to the dismay of his pro-Nazi department chairman". After spending 18 months studying the geology of the Eastern Nazareth Mountains, he returned to Germany in 1936 to learn that a new law was passed one week prior to his thesis defense prohibited the awarding of doctorates to Jews. Left with no choice but to leave, Heinz and his wife Ilse emigrated to the United States, arriving in Chicago in June 1937. His parents and sister were able to escape to Brazil, but most of Heinz's relatives on his mother's side later perished in the Holocaust.

paragraph: Lowenstam discussed his situation with the geology faculty at the University of Chicago, and was accepted to complete his degree, on the merit of recommendations from his mentors Broili and Dacqué. He received his Ph.D. in 1939, whereupon he immediately enlisted in the U.S. Army to fight the Nazis. The U.S. military decided that his skills would be of more use in civilian work, developing coal and oil reserves with the Illinois Geological Survey. Subsequently, Lowenstam worked for a small oil company, then moved on to become a curator of invertebrate paleontology at the Illinois State Museum. There, Lowenstam conducted field research on the paleoecology of coral reef environments via the Stony Island line of the Chicago street-car system, which dead-ended at an area rich with fossilized coral reefs. This work ultimately resulted in Lowenstam's discovery of a "massive system of Silurian reefs that stretched from the edge of the Ozark Mountains to Greenland". Lowenstam was aware that the structure of the buried reef complex was an ideal trap for oil and gas; but, instead of exploiting his discovery for financial gain, he published his findings in the open scientific literature where all could reap the benefits.

paragraph: During this time, the University of Chicago had emerged as the birthplace of isotope geochemistry, and Harold Urey's research group was making significant advancements in the use of deviations in stable isotopes to measure ancient ocean temperatures. While working as a geologist in Illinois State Geological Survey's Coal, and Stratigraphy and Paleontology Divisions, Lowenstam was invited to join Harold Urey's group to aid in acquiring fossil materials. He accepted a position as a research associate in geochemistry at the University of Chicago and by 1950, was convinced to accept a faculty position. This position allowed Lowenstam to "continue his research on Silurian reefs, as well as to extend his search for pristine fossil shell materials, an interest that later paved the way for his studies on biomineralization". In the early 1950s, Caltech and the University of California began the building of their isotope geochemistry programs and their recruitment of young scientists from Urey's group and the geochemists of the Chicago "mafia" to form the core of their departments. By the time Lowenstam accepted his faculty position at Caltech in 1954, many of his colleagues including Harrison Brown, Sam Epstein, Clair Patterson, and even Harold Urey had already made the migration. Under his chosen title as a "paleoecologist" Lowenstam continued to collaborate with his former research group (Brown, Patterson, and Epstein were all at Caltech), but he also used the opportunity to explore more comprehensive geochemical analyses of fossil formation.

paragraph: Lowenstam sought to develop geochemical methods to gain insight into the biological processes through which organisms control mineralization as well as derive information about ancient ecosystems, such as salinity and barometric pressure. For these studies, he turned to the environments of modern coral reef systems in Bermuda. In his early work in the region, Lowenstam discovered that the aragonite (a CaCO mineral produce by reef organisms) "needles forming most of the sedimentary mass in Bermuda's back-reef lagoons of Bermuda were produced by microscopic algae; using carbon and oxygen isotopes to prove their biological origin". But it was Lowenstam's 1961 discovery of "biochemically-precipitated magnetite (FeO) as a capping material in the radula (tongue plate) teeth of chitons (marine mollusks)" that was to shape the future of biomineralization. "Prior to this discovery, magnetite was thought to form only in igneous or metamorphic rocks under high temperatures and pressures". In his 1962 paper Lowenstam noted the implications of his discovery with his observation that the chitons were known for their local homing instinct, implying that they may be using a magnetite compass to aid in navigation. Subsequent researchers building upon this work have "confirmed the central role of magnetite as the biophysical transducer of the magnetic field in living organisms spanning the evolutionary spectrum from the magnetotactic bacteria to mammals, with a fossil record extending back at least 2 billion years on Earth and perhaps 4 billion years on Mars". Lowenstam left implications of biomagnetism for others to explore and continued to pursue answers to how organisms control mineral formation. Over the next two decades Lowenstam continued to discover and catalog biologically precipitated minerals and document their phyletic distribution, as well as attempt to track their evolutionary origin.

paragraph: He remained at Caltech as a revered professor until his death in 1993.

paragraph: Section::::Honours and awards.

paragraph: Heinz A. Lowenstam was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1980 and travelled to Germany in 1981 to received an honorary Ph.D. from the University of Munich. He received the Paleontological Society Medal in 1986.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Heinz A. Lowenstam married Ilse Weil (1912–2011) in Munich on 10 January 1937; they divorced in the 1960s. They had three children together: Ruth, Michael and Steven. Steven (1945–2003) was a professor of classics at the University of Oregon. Ruth's daughter, Lisa Goldstein, is

paragraph: Executive Director of the Institute for Jewish Spirituality, based in New York City.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Lowenstam's papers are held at the California Institute of Technology.

paragraph: Every five years, the European Association of Geochemistry awards a Science Innovation Award medal named in Lowenstam's honour for work in biogeochemistry.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- National Academy of Sciences Biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lowenstam, Heinz A. (1991) Interview with Heinz A. Lowenstam. Oral History Project, California Institute of Technology Archives, Pasadena, California

paragraph: BULLET::::- Illinois Geological Survey Memorial

paragraph: BULLET::::- National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir

description: American ecologist

wikidata_label: Heinz A. Lowenstam

wikipedia_title: Heinz A. Lowenstam


text:
Spanish
Vedette
Barcelona
¡Señoras y señores!
Ángela Carrasco
Victoria Vera
Cabaret Woman

categories: 1956 births,Living people,Spanish actresses

paragraph: Norma Duval

paragraph: Purificación Martín Aguilera known as Norma Duval is a Spanish actress, presenter and Vedette

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Norma Duval was born in Barcelona on April 4, 1956. Her family moved to Madrid to live a villa in the Cuatro Vientos Military Colony because of her father's profession. Norma Duval was chosen as Miss Madrid in 1973 .

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Norma Duval made her TV debut in 1974 on "¡Señoras y señores!" with other known artists in the middle as Ángela Carrasco and Victoria Vera

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cabaret Woman 1974

description: Spanish actor and presenter

wikidata_label: Norma Duval

wikipedia_title: Norma Duval