text: Ishikawa Prefecture

text: Emperor Meiji

text: Imperial Japanese Navy

text: Imperial Japanese Army Academy

text: 1st Imperial Guards Division

text: Army War College

text: Imperial Japanese Army General Staff

text: Kwangtung Army

text: South Manchuria Railway

text: colonel

text: Shanghai Incident

text: major general

text: lieutenant general

text: IJA 37th Division

text: Battle of South Shanxi

text: Chief of staff

text: North China Area Army

text: scorched earth

text: commander in chief

text: 18th Army

text: Rabaul

text: New Guinea

text: IJA 20th Division

text: IJA 41st Division

text: IJA 51st Division

text: Lae

text: Battle of the Bismarck Sea

text: Imperial Japanese Navy

text: Solomon Islands campaign

text: US forces

text: Douglas MacArthur

text: Aitape

text: Hollandia

text: malaria

text: heat exhaustion

text: malnutrition

text: banzai charge

text: Australian 6th Division

text: Cape Wom

text: Wewak

text: Australia

text: war crimes

text: prisoners of war

text: command responsibility

text: military tribunal

text: imprisonment for life

text: Eighteenth Army

categories: Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun,1890 births,1947 deaths,Japanese military personnel of World War II,Japanese generals,Japanese people who died in prison custody,Seppuku from Meiji period to present,People who committed suicide in prison custody,Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by the Commonwealth of Australia,Japanese prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment,South Pacific Mandate in World War II,Japanese people convicted of war crimes,Military personnel from Ishikawa Prefecture,Prisoners who died in Commonwealth of Australia detention,Suicides by sharp instrument in the Solomon Islands,Japanese military personnel who committed suicide

paragraph: Hatazō Adachi

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: Adachi was born into an impoverished samurai family in Ishikawa Prefecture in 1890 (the 23rd year of the reign of Emperor Meiji, which is why his father chose the "kanji" for "23" to represent his given name "Hatazō"). Too poor to afford the military preparatory schools necessary for a career in the Imperial Japanese Navy, as a youth he tested into the fiercely competitive Tokyo Cadet Academy, which enabled him to enter the Imperial Japanese Army Academy, from which he graduated from the 22nd class in 1910.

paragraph: Adachi served with the 1st Imperial Guards Division, and then graduated from the 34th class of the Army War College in 1922. Unlike many Army officers of his day, Adachi avoided involvement in the political factions which plagued the Japanese Army in the 1930s. After serving in a number of staff and administrative positions within the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff, Adachi was assigned to the Railway Guard unit of the Kwangtung Army, responsible for the security of the South Manchuria Railway in 1933.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.:Second Sino-Japanese War.

paragraph: Adachi was promoted to colonel in 1934, and was given command of the IJA 12th Infantry Regiment in 1936. During the Shanghai Incident of July 1937, Adachi also gained a reputation of leading his troops from the front, where the fighting was the thickest. He was injured by a mortar barrage in September, which permanently damaged his right leg.

paragraph: He was promoted to major general in 1938, and promoted to commander of the IJA 26th Infantry Brigade. Adachi had a reputation as a "soldier's general", sharing the miserable living conditions of his troops and welcoming open discussion with his officer and staff.

paragraph: Promoted to lieutenant general in August 1940, he was commander of the IJA 37th Division at the Battle of South Shanxi. In 1940, he became a Chief of staff of the North China Area Army from 1941–1942, during the height of its scorched earth campaigns against the Chinese forces.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.:Pacific War.

paragraph: On 9 November 1942, Adachi was appointed commander in chief of the newly formed 18th Army on Rabaul and the north coast of New Guinea from 1942-1945. The 18th Army contained the IJA 20th Division and IJA 41st Division, both of which arrived safely. However, the IJA 51st Division, including Adachi and his senior staff, came under Allied air attack while en route from Rabaul to Lae, in the Battle of the Bismarck Sea. All eight transport ships and four destroyers were sunk with the loss of 3,664 men, and only 2,427 men of the division were rescued.

paragraph: With the defeat of the Imperial Japanese Navy in the Solomon Islands campaign, and with landings of US forces led by Douglas MacArthur at Aitape and Hollandia from 22–27 April 1944, isolated the vast majority of Adachi's forces. His forces, suffering from malaria, heat exhaustion and malnutrition were rendered ineffective for the remainder of the war, despite Adachi's efforts to achieve some form of self-sufficiency by planting crops and giving priority in rations to the sick. As ammunition began to run low, many of Adachi's commanders resorted to banzai charges against the Allied beachhead at Aitape rather than surrender. By the end of the war in September 1945, most of his forces had been annihilated. Of Adachi's original 140,000 men, barely 13,000 were still alive when the war ended. He surrendered to the Australian 6th Division at Cape Wom, by Wewak, New Guinea.( Australian records indicate nearly 100,000 Japanese troops taken in the surrender at Rabaul)

paragraph: Section::::Early career.:Postwar.

paragraph: At the end of the war, Adachi was taken into custody by the Australian government and charged with war crimes in connection with mistreatment and arbitrary execution of prisoners of war. Although not personally involved in any of the atrocities mentioned, Adachi insisted on absorbing command responsibility for the actions of his subordinates during the military tribunal. On 12 July 1947 he was sentenced to imprisonment for life. On 10 September that year he killed himself in his quarters with a paring knife in the prisoners' compound at Rabaul, having first written a number of letters.

paragraph: In one of these, addressed to those officers and men of the Eighteenth Army who were then in the compound, he said:

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lieutenant General Adachi Hatazo, Australia–Japan Research Project

alias:
Hatazo Adachi
Hatazou Adachi

description: Imperial Japanese Army general

wikidata_label: Hatazō Adachi

wikipedia_title: Hatazō Adachi


text: Ödeby Lillkyrka

text: Ekeberg

text: Närke

text: Stegeholm

text: Margaret Leijonhufvud

text: sister-in-law

text: Gustav I of Sweden

text: Catherine Stenbock

text: Christina Gyllenstierna

text: Eric XIV of Sweden

text: John III of Sweden

text: Stockholm Bloodbath

text: Ebba Eriksdotter Vasa

text: Svante Stensson Sture

text: Christina Gyllenstierna

text: legend

text: Svante Stensson Sture

text: Nyköping Castle

text: Stegeborg Castle

text: besieged

text: Nils Dacke

text: Dacke War

text: Finland

text: Reval

text: Christina Gyllenstierna

text: Catherine Stenbock

text: Eric XIV of Sweden

text: Northern Seven Years' War

text: Svartsjö Castle

text: Karin Månsdotter

text: Virginia Eriksdotter

text: Ebba Månsdotter (Lilliehöök)

text: Karin Månsdotter

text: Uppsala Castle

text: Queen Dowager Catherine

text: Uppsala Cathedral

text: Queen Dowager Catherine

text: Settlement (litigation)

text: Ebba Månsdotter (Lilliehöök)

text: Prince Charles

text: the king

text: and spouse

text: Queen Dowager

text: Katarina Stenbock

text: Sigrid Svantesdotter Sture

text: Nils Svantesson Sture

categories: 1584 deaths,Leijonhufvud family,16th-century Swedish women,16th-century Swedish people,1520 births,Swedish countesses

paragraph: Martha Leijonhufvud

paragraph: Martha Erikdotter Leijonhufvud (24 December 1520 in Ödeby Lillkyrka, Ekeberg, Närke – 15 January 1584 in Stegeholm), known as "Kung Märta" (King Martha), was a politically active Swedish noble. She was the sister of Queen Margaret Leijonhufvud and sister-in-law of King Gustav I of Sweden: she was also the maternal aunt of Queen Catherine Stenbock and the daughter-in-law of the regent Christina Gyllenstierna. In 1568, she financed the deposition of King Eric XIV of Sweden, which placed her nephew John III of Sweden on the throne.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Marriage.

paragraph: Born to Erik Abrahamsson Leijonhufvud (d. 1520), a victim of the Stockholm Bloodbath, and Ebba Eriksdotter Vasa, and relative of Gustav Vasa, who became king of Sweden in 1523.

paragraph: Her sister Margaret was engaged to Svante Stensson Sture, the son of former regent Christina Gyllenstierna, but the engagement was broken in 1536 when king Gustav decided to marry her. Instead, Sture was married to Märta. There is a well known legend as to how this came about: Svante Sture threw himself at the feet of Margaret, and the king entered the room and discovered them. The king asked: "What is this?" Margaret replied: "My lord Sture is asking me for the hand of my sister Märta!", at which the king said: "Granted!"

paragraph: Martha and Svante Stensson Sture was married 3 March 1538 at Nyköping Castle. By marriage, she became the wife of the head of the most powerful family in Sweden after the royal family, as Svante Sure was considered the highest ranking nobleman in the realm, and in addition to being the sister of the queen, she became one of the highest ranking women in Sweden next after the royal women.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:King Martha.

paragraph: Märta had at least fifteen children, of which ten became adults. The couple resided in Stegeborg Castle. In 1542, Stegeborg was besieged by Nils Dacke during the Dacke War, and Dacke offered the couple to become the king and queen of Sweden. They denied the offer.

paragraph: Svante was often absent on his official missions: he became marshal in 1543 and commander in Finland in 1556, and governor of Livonia and Reval in 1562. During his absence, Märta took the responsibility for Stegeborg and his estates, and her dominance earned her the nickname "King Märta", by which she is known in history. As such, she is known to have exerted her authority in the justice system in her fiefs and appointing local officials.

paragraph: As the sister of the Queen and by marriage to the head of one of the most prestigious families in Sweden, Martha had a position of high status and participated in certain ceremonies in court life. Martha, as well as her sister Brita and her mother-in-law, often took care of the royal children. After the death of her sister the queen in 1551, the royal children was placed in the care of her and her sister Brita, after her mother-in-law Christina Gyllenstierna had asked to be relieved of the duty, until the King's remarriage to the daughter of Brita, Martha's niece Catherine Stenbock. Martha used both her sister and later her niece, Queens in succession, successfully as her channel to the monarch.

paragraph: In 1561, King Eric XIV of Sweden introduced the new title of count in Sweden at his coronation, and her husband was created one of Sweden's first three counts, making Märta the first countess in Sweden. King Eric, however, feared that the Sture family had desires on the throne, and during his reign, they also became a center of the opposition within the nobility.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:The Sture murders.

paragraph: Eric XIV eyed Martha and the Sture family with suspicion. The Vasa dynasty was not regarded to have the same right to the Swedish throne as did the Sture family, which members had on several occasions had the position of regent of Sweden during the former century. Despite this, Martha's spouse Svante and her sons Erik and Nils was appointed to serve in the Northern Seven Years' War (1563-1570).

paragraph: In 1565, her son Nils was accused of treason and forced to a humiliating entry to the capital. He was acquitted by the court, but the case created hostility among the nobility toward the King. The King therefore had Svante Sture and his sons Nils and Erik imprisoned, along with several other noblemen. In August 1566, Martha's son wrote to her: "I do hope to be able to defend myself with other things than letter and seal", which hinted preparations of a conspiracy. In May 1567, Eric XIV assembled court at Svartsjö Castle to judge the noblemen he had imprisoned there for treason. Martha traveled to Svartsjö with her daughter Anna to seek an audience with the King, but they were not allowed in the castle and instead placed under guard in the village outside the castle. Martha sent an appeal to Karin Månsdotter to speak to the King in favor of the prisoners, and she also sent an appeal to the King's daughter Virginia Eriksdotter. The same month, the prisoners were transferred by boat from Svartsjö to Uppsala to be judged. Martha was also brought to Uppsala under guard by boat, during which she was reportedly exposed to mockery by the public. After they arrived in Uppsala, Martha was escorted to the residence of the family in the city and placed under house arrest. Her sister-in-law Ebba Månsdotter (Lilliehöök) were present there for the same reason.

paragraph: In Uppsala, Martha again appealed to Karin Månsdotter, and on the morning of the 24 May, Karin sent for her and met her in Uppsala Castle and told her that the King had promised her not to hurt the prisoners. Reportedly, the King hesitated due to the efforts of Karin. Later that same day, though, he suffered a fit and stabbed Nils Sture to death. He ordered for the rest of the prisoners to be killed with the exception of "Lord Sten", which resulted in the killings of the spouse and second son of Martha, Svante and Erik, as well as two more noblemen, while Sten Eriksson Leijonhufvud and Sten Axelsson Banér were spared because of the order of the King to spare "Lord Sten", and as it was unknown which Lord Sten he meant, both by that name were spared.

paragraph: The same day, her niece, Queen Dowager Catherine, arrived in Uppsala, and was given the task to tell Martha what had happened.

paragraph: The clothes worn by Svante, Nils and Erik Sture at the time of their deaths were kept by Martha, and are now on display in Uppsala Cathedral's northern tower.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:The Duke's Rebellion.

paragraph: After the Sture Murders, the King disappeared, and was found in a bad state outside of the city three days later. He was calmed by Karin Månsdotter and brought back to the capital, where he was isolated for several weeks. The first audience was granted to Queen Dowager Catherine, who was given the task to act as mediator between the King and the relatives of the murder victims, and presented with a written document giving her the authority to negotiate the Settlement (litigation) with the relatives of the murder victims, among them her aunt Martha Leijonhufvud. Through Catherine, Martha Leijonhufvud put forward her demands for a letter of protection against further persecution by the King; an official statement of the innocence of the murder victims; economic compensation and the arrest of the people truly responsible for the behavior of the monarch, which was regarded to be his adviser Jöran Persson. The King accepted all terms of the settlement, though he soon reinstated Persson. The settlement was signed by Martha and the other relations of the victims, the King arranged a grand funeral for the victims on 4 July, and paid Martha fines of compensation in silver bricks. Martha placed the bloody clothes worn by her spouse and sons upon their graves in the church.

paragraph: After the King recovered his sanity, he demanded back the compensation given to the murder victims in a new tax to pay for his controversial wedding with the commoner Karin Månsdotter, a marriage regarded as a scandal and insult by the nobility. Martha refused, and instead, she used the "blood bricks", as she called the silver bricks, to finance the rebellion of the King's brothers, the Dukes, which led to the deposition of Eric XIV in 1568. She had the blood bricks melted to coins with the image of the King's brothers John and Charles in Vadstena, which were used to equip the Dukes' troops, and had words spread about the atrocities of the King through her acquaintances in Europe to justify the coup, which successfully replaced Eric XIV with John III.

paragraph: After the coup, John III granted Martha the former county of her spouse as a personal fief in 1570, now enlarged, which made her, alongside her sister Brita and sister-in-law Ebba Månsdotter (Lilliehöök), one of the five greatest fief holders in Sweden.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Her daughter's elopement.

paragraph: Her daughter, Malin (Magdalena), (1539–1610), was in love with her cousin, Erik Gustavsson Stenbock (1538–1602), and wished to marry him. Martha refused because they were cousins. In 1573, after ten years had passed without any change in the matter, Erik convinced Prince Charles to provide them with 200 men to help them elope. Erik asked Malin to take a trip on the sleigh with him, and when they were seated, the prince's guards came forward and the couple departed from the estate.

paragraph: Martha convinced her royal nephew the king to arrest Erik and confiscate his property. He was eventually released and his property was restored to him, after the siblings and spouse of the king as well as his own family, among them his aunt (and Martha's niece) Queen Dowager Katarina Stenbock, had united in convincing the king to accede to it, and married Malin in 1574. According to the legend, it took one year of begging from the couple's relatives to convince Malin's powerful mother to forgive the couple for defying her authority; the women of the family begged her "crying upon their knees" before she agreed to see her daughter. According to legend, her daughter had to crawl on her knees up to her while pregnant.

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sigrid Svantesdotter Sture (1538–1613)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Magdalena (Malin) Svantesdotter Sture (1539–1610)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anna Svantesdotter Sture (1541–1595)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sten Svantesson Sture (1542–1542)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nils Svantesson Sture (1543–1567)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sten Svantesson Sture (1544–1565)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Erik Svantesson Sture (1546–1567)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Margareta Svantesdotter Sture (1547–1617)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gustaf Svantesson Sture (1548–1548)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brita Svantesdotter Sture (1550–1550)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mauritz Svantesson Sture (1552–1592)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Karl Svantesson Sture (1555–1598)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Iliana Svantesdotter Sture (1556–1556)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Iliana Svantesdotter Sture (1557–1557)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kristina Svantesdotter Sture (1559–1619)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lars-Olof Larsson: "Arvet efter Gustav Vasa" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::-  Wilhelmina Stålberg, P. G. Berg : "Anteckningar om svenska qvinnor" (Notes of Swedish women) (in Swedish)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Karin Tegenborg Falkdalen (2010). Vasadöttrarna (utgåva 2). Falun: Historiska Media.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Märta Eriksdtr (Leijonhufvud), urn:sbl:11172, Svenskt biografiskt lexikon (art av Ivan Svalenius), hämtad 2015-08-05.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tegenborg Falkdalen, Karin, Vasadrottningen: en biografi över Katarina Stenbock 1535-1621 [The Vasa Queen: A biography of Catherine Stenbock, 1535-1621], Historiska media, Lund, 2015

description: Swedish noblewoman

wikidata_label: Martha Leijonhufvud

wikipedia_title: Martha Leijonhufvud


text: British

text: London Group

text: Tate Gallery

text: Alverstoke

text: Hampshire

text: England

text: London County Council

text: Central School of Arts and Crafts

text: George Frederic Watts

text: Royal College of Art

text: Leicester Galleries

text: Royal Academy

text: Jacob Epstein

text: Eric Gill

text: Henri Gaudier-Brzeska

text: George Pace

text: The British School at Rome

text: Holy Cross Church, Woodchurch

text: Biography on the Tate Gallery website

categories: Modern sculptors,British architectural sculptors,1970 deaths,English male sculptors,English sculptors,1883 births,20th-century British sculptors

paragraph: Alan Durst

paragraph: Alan Durst (1883–1970) was a British sculptor and wood carver and member of the London Group of artists. Three of Durst's work are held in the permanent collection of Tate Gallery.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Alan Lydiat Durst was born at the rectory in Alverstoke, Hampshire, England on 27 June 1883. He was the son of William Durst who was the Rector of Alverstoke. He married Elizabeth Clare Amy Barlow on 11 December 1918. Durst died on 22 December 1970 and his funeral took place on Tuesday 29 December 1970 at Golders Green Crematorium.

paragraph: Section::::Education.

paragraph: He was educated at Marlborough College and in Switzerland.

paragraph: In 1913 he enrolled at the London County Council (LCC) Central School of Arts and Crafts As part of his studies Durst visited Chartres in early 1914. He went in fact to study stained glass windows but in his private papers held at Tate Britain Archive he explained that he was so taken with the magnificence of the statuary of Chartres Cathedral that he determined to pursue sculpture as a career. As Durst puts it, seeing the Chartres statues “opened a door for me”.

paragraph: Section::::Military service.

paragraph: Durst served in the Royal Marine Light Infantry, first joining in 1901 and details of this service are shown in record ADM/196/63 held at The National Archive. He served until 1913 when he was placed on the "Retired List" and began his studies at the School of Art.

paragraph: He returned to the Royal Marines in July 1914 and served from 1914 to 1919. In his private papers held at Tate Britain Archive Durst writes that he would often while away the time in his cabin when at sea by executing small carvings in ivory and in one of his photograph albums he features a Tea caddie with delicately carved ivory panels and adds the note "carved while at sea on active service-1918"

paragraph: He was also recalled during the 1939-1945 conflict and in April 1921 for emergency service necessitated by the Coal Strike.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: After leaving art school Durst became Curator of the George Frederic Watts Museum in Compton from 1919 to 1920. He left that museum to take up sculpture and wood carving on a full-time basis, and taught wood carving at the Royal College of Art from 1925 to 1940 and from 1945 to 1948. Durst had his first solo exhibition at the Leicester Galleries in London in 1930 and another in 1935. He was a regular exhibitor at the Royal Academy. We learn from Durst's Tate Britain Archive papers that when Durst returned to his studies after the 1914-1918 war he was very much drawn to the concept of ""Direct Carving"" as advocated by Jacob Epstein and Eric Gill. He also states that he was an admirer of Henri Gaudier-Brzeska the French sculptor killed in action in 1915.

paragraph: George Pace, an English architect who worked with Dunst wrote of his philosophical approach towards sculpting:

paragraph: In 1964 when he had finished carving seven statues for the upper part of Peterborough Cathedral he told me that in his early days when he wanted to learn “direct carving” he found that the art schools of the day could only teach him modelling; for it was still the fashion for sculptors to make models which were then translated into stone or marble by technicians using pointers and masons' skills. After World War 1 the more realistic approach to sculpture enabled him to learn the techniques of direct carving and this equipped him to devote the rest of his life to spirited direct carving in stone, wood and ivory. From the summer of 1914 his life ambition was to complete a series of statues carved in the spirit he had extracted from Chartres.

paragraph: He was appointed a member of The British School at Rome in 1945 - Faculty of Sculpture.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Holy Cross Church, Woodchurch

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography on the Tate Gallery website

paragraph: BULLET::::- from this comprehensive family tree of the reverend William Gibson we learn that Durst carved the tombstones of his sister Margaret Rosa Durst (buried at Whitchurch) and brother William Herbert Durst buried at Magdalen Hill Cemetery in Winchester.

paragraph: BULLET::::- A photograph of Alan Durst working on one of his pieces for Peterborough Cathedral

paragraph: BULLET::::- Website for Holy Trinity Church in Northwood

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile on Royal Academy of Arts Collections

alias:
Alan Lydiate Durst
Alan Lydiat Durst

description: Sculptor and wood carver

wikidata_label: Alan Durst

wikipedia_title: Alan Durst


text: professional wrestler

text: sex offender

text: Piledriver

text: Goodsoil

text: Saskatchewan

text: Saskatoon

text: Canadian Football League

text: Toronto Argonauts

text: Calgary

text: Stu Hart

text: Stampede Wrestling

text: cookware

text: National Wrestling Alliance

text: Freddie Prosser

text: Stampede Wrestling

text: Fabulous Freebirds

text: World Wrestling Council

text: King Tonga

text: WWC Anniversary

text: Rufus R. Jones

text: Buzz Tyler

text: Randy Rose

text: Ted DiBiase

text: Bill Watts

text: Frank Hoy

text: Butch Reed

text: Adrian Adonis

text: Tully Blanchard

text: Jesse Ventura

text: "Dr. Death" Steve Williams

text: heel

text: Shawn Michaels

text: air conditioning

text: apartment

text: sexual assault

text: WWE

text: Jim Ross

text: Danny Hodge

text: Jim Duggan

text: Leo Burke

text: Ed "Colonel DeBeers" Wiskoski

text: Iowa

text: Kansas City

text: Los Angeles

text: ring rat

text: drug dealer

text: Nanaimo

text: British Columbia

text: diabetes

text: memory problems

text: Big Time Wrestling "(San Francisco)"

text: 2 times

text: Central States Wrestling

text: 5 times

text: 2 times

text: Mike George

text: 2 times

text: 3 times

text: Dick Murdoch

text: Killer Karl Kox

text: 1 time

text: Bob Brown

text: NWA Gulf Coast

text: NWA Gulf Coast Heavyweight Championship

text: 1 time

text: NWA Tri-State Tag Team Championship

text: 3 times

text: Killer Karl Kox

text: Mid-South Tag Team Championship

text: 1 time

text: Southwest Championship Wrestling

text: SCW Southwest Heavyweight Championship

text: 2 times

text: SCW Southwest Tag Team Championship

text: 1 time

text: Dick Slater

text: Stampede Wrestling

text: 4 times

text: The Beast

text: Gil Hayes

text: Fred Sweetan

text: World Wrestling Council

text: 1 time

categories: Canadian people convicted of child sexual abuse,2017 deaths,Canadian male professional wrestlers,1940 births

paragraph: Bob Sweetan

paragraph: Robert Carson (born Robert Beier, July 4, 1940 – February 10, 2017), better known by his ring name Bob Sweetan, was a Canadian professional wrestler and convicted sex offender. Sweetan was nicknamed "Bruiser" and "Mr. Piledriver", the latter in reference to his finishing maneuver.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Beier was born on a farm near Goodsoil, Saskatchewan, about four hours north of Saskatoon. He played briefly with the Canadian Football League's Toronto Argonauts, and, after a period of traveling, settled in Calgary, the home of Stu Hart and his Stampede Wrestling promotion. Beier was introduced to pro wrestling by Gerd Topsnik, a door-to-door cookware salesman who wrestled part-time for Hart. Beier recalled: "I told [Topsnik], 'All right, I'll buy your pots and pans if you get me started in wrestling.' He started taking me to Stu's." It is unclear when Beier changed his legal surname to Carson.

paragraph: Section::::Professional wrestling career.

paragraph: Sweetan held numerous titles over his career. He enjoyed some success with the National Wrestling Alliance and wrestled with Freddie Prosser who went under the name Freddie Sweetan in Canada for Stampede Wrestling. Sweetan and Terry Gibbs defeated Fabulous Freebirds for the NWA Central States Tag Team Championship. He also wrestled for the World Wrestling Council in Puerto Rico. In the WWC he defeated King Tonga for the WWC Puerto Rico Heavyweight Championship. Sweetan was in the first ever WWC Anniversary. He played himself in the movie "The Wrestling Queen" in 1975.

paragraph: Sweetan wrestled many notable wrestlers during his career such as Rufus R. Jones, Buzz Tyler, Randy Rose, Ted DiBiase, Bill Watts, Frank Hoy, Butch Reed, Adrian Adonis, Tully Blanchard, and Jesse Ventura. "Dr. Death" Steve Williams described him as a "very, very tough man." Sweetan was known for causing riots in arenas due to his heel antics, and was an influence on Shawn Michaels.

paragraph: Section::::Post-wrestling work.

paragraph: Following his pro wrestling career, Sweetan worked as an air conditioning maintenance supervisor, particularly in large apartment buildings.

paragraph: Section::::Legal issues.

paragraph: In 1990, Sweetan was convicted of the sexual assault of his daughter, Candace. He also faced a separate charge of non-payment of child support. Sweetan stopped checking in with police in 2000, after which he was located and deported back to his native Canada.

paragraph: Section::::Criticism.

paragraph: On WWE's "Legends of Wrestling" in 2009, longtime industry personality Jim Ross stated that he "didn't like" Sweetan and "didn't want to be around him", describing him as a "miserable human being". Ross later called him a "bully", and told how Danny Hodge once tortured Sweetan as payback for being out of line. In his 2012 autobiography, Jim Duggan also referred to Sweetan as a "bully" and a "real piece of garbage". Leo Burke called him "easy to work with" in the ring but "kind of lazy", while Ed "Colonel DeBeers" Wiskoski said of Sweetan: "I wasn't a fan of his... from being a locker-room thief to just among other things, just an asshole."

paragraph: Sweetan's ex-wife Rebecca commented: "He's a waste of skin as far as I'm concerned... He fried his brain [with drugs], deserted his children, abused them emotionally, physically, sexually, mentally."

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Sweetan met an Iowa woman, Rebecca Jane Terhune, at a Kansas City club in 1969 and the couple were married in Los Angeles in 1971. They had four children: Candace (born 1971), Christopher (born 1974), Cassandre ("Cathy", born 1976) and Carson (born 1978). Sweetan also had one child to another woman.

paragraph: Sweetan deserted his family on October 15, 1985; he had been having an affair with a ring rat and drug dealer. Rebecca divorced Sweetan in 1986.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Sweetan died at a Nanaimo, British Columbia nursing home on February 10, 2017. He had been suffering from diabetes, memory problems and mobility issues.

paragraph: Section::::Championships and accomplishments.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Big Time Wrestling "(San Francisco)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA United States Heavyweight Championship (San Francisco version) (2 times)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Central States Wrestling

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Central States Heavyweight Championship (5 times)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Central States Tag Team Championship (2 times) - with Mike George (1) and Terry Gibbs (1)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Central States Television Championship (2 times)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA North American Tag Team Championship "(Central States version)" (3 times) – with Dick Murdoch (2), Killer Karl Kox (1)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA World Tag Team Championship (Central States version) (1 time) - with Bob Brown

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mid-States Championship Wrestling

paragraph: BULLET::::- MSCW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Gulf Coast

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Gulf Coast Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Tri-State - Mid-South Wrestling Association

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Tri-State Tag Team Championship (3 times) - with Seigfried Stanke (1), Killer Karl Kox (1) and Tony Rocco (1)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Brass Knuckles Championship "(Tri-State version)" (2 times)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mid-South Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Mike George

paragraph: BULLET::::- Southwest Championship Wrestling

paragraph: BULLET::::- SCW Southwest Heavyweight Championship (2 times)

paragraph: BULLET::::- SCW Southwest Tag Team Championship (1 time) - with Dick Slater

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stampede Wrestling

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA International Tag Team Championship "(Calgary version)" (4 times) - with The Beast (1), Gil Hayes (1), Fred Sweetan (1) and Paul Peller (1)

paragraph: BULLET::::- World Wrestling Council

paragraph: BULLET::::- WWC Puerto Rico Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.wrestlingclassics.com/wrestlingppv/bullies-babes-brawn.htm

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://archive.is/20040502211439/http://www.oldschool-wrestling.com/centralstateswrestling/1977.htm

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://web.archive.org/web/20090531115903/http://kayfabe-wrestling.com/library-texas.html

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://hollywood.premiere.com/celebrity-Bob+Sweetan

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0163910/

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.imdb.com/name/nm2573760/

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.dailymotion.com/video/xu56g_tully-blanchard-vs-bruiser-bob-swee_sport

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.solie.org/titlehistories/csttnwa.html

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.cagematch.net/?id=2&nr=6218&gimmick=Bob+Sweetan

alias:
"Bruiser" Bob Sweetan
Robert Beier

description: Canadian professional wrestler

wikidata_label: Bob Sweetan

wikipedia_title: Bob Sweetan


text: landscape architect

text: Philadelphia

text: Pennsylvania

text: Girard College

text: Wharton School of Finance and Economics

text: University of Pennsylvania

text: Harvard

text: Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr.

text: Arthur Shurtleff

text: Cambridge

text: Massachusetts

text: city planning

text: American Institute of Planners

text: American Civic Association

text: Wisconsin

text: Virginia

text: Georgia

text: San Diego

text: California

text: urban planner

text: Kingsport

text: Tennessee

text: Madison, Wisconsin

text: Asheville, North Carolina

text: Montclair, New Jersey

text: Reading, Pennsylvania

text: Roanoke, Virginia

text: San Diego, California

text: New London, Connecticut

text: Bristol, Connecticut

text: Savannah, Georgia

text: Schenectady, New York

text: Mariemont, Ohio

text: planned Venice

text: African-American neighborhood

text: University of Wisconsin

text: Madison

text: Worcester College

text: strava

text: Tenney Park-Yahara River Parkway

text: National Register of Historic Places

text: 1922 Plan of Asheville, North Carolina

text: 1920 Plan of Bristol, Connecticut

text: 1926 Plan of Venice, Florida

text: Madison : a model city

text: Schlesinger Library

categories: Architects from Philadelphia,1937 deaths,American landscape architects,American urban planners,1869 births,Harvard Graduate School of Design alumni

paragraph: John Nolen

paragraph: John Nolen (June 14, 1869 – February 18, 1937) was an American landscape architect. Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Nolen was orphaned as a child and placed in Girard College. After he graduated first in his class in 1884, he worked as a grocery clerk and secretary to the Girard Estate Trust Fund before enrolling in the Wharton School of Finance and Economics at the University of Pennsylvania in 1891. Nolen earned a Ph.B. in 1893, and for the next ten years worked as secretary of the American Society for the Extension of University Teaching. He married Barbara Schatte in 1896.

paragraph: In 1903 Nolen sold his house and used the money to enroll in the newly established Harvard School of Landscape Architecture, under the famed instructors Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr., Arthur Shurtleff, and B.M. Watson. He received an A.M. in 1905 from Harvard.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: He established an office in Cambridge, Massachusetts where he and his associates branched out into city planning, as well as landscape architecture. Nolen was a frequent lecturer on city and town planning, and was active in many professional organizations, including the American City Planning Institute (now American Institute of Planners), American Civic Association (now Urban America), American Society of Landscape Architects, American Society of Planning Officials, International Garden Cities and Town-Planning Federation, National Conference on City Planning (now Urban America), and the Town Planning Institute of England.

paragraph: Nolen completed a number of projects in Wisconsin as well as earlier efforts in Virginia, Georgia, and particularly, San Diego, California. His prestige as an innovative urban planner was firmly established. By 1919, Nolen had written two books, edited two others, and published dozens of articles. In 1927, he was elected president of the National Conference on City Planning. Nolen was the official landscape architect to such municipalities as Kingsport Tennessee; Madison, Wisconsin; Asheville, North Carolina; Montclair, New Jersey; Reading, Pennsylvania; Roanoke, Virginia; San Diego, California; New London, Connecticut; Bristol, Connecticut; Savannah, Georgia; and Schenectady, New York.

paragraph: Section::::Comprehensive city planning.

paragraph: After his success with Mariemont, Ohio, Nolen moved on to Florida to plan what he called, "the last frontier." In February 1922, he contracted with St. Petersburg to design Florida's first comprehensive plan. The city, he found, occupied a "site blessed by a benevolent Nature" and possessing "the same characteristics as southern France." After signing the contract, Nolen wrote an associate, "This seems to be an opportunity to do rather more than we have ever been given the chance to do before."

paragraph: In March 1923, Nolen completed an ambitious plan to imbue this resort city of 15,000 with a "form and flavor unlike that of other places." A greenbelt of preserves and parks encircled the lower third (45 square miles) of the Pinellas Peninsula, setting the city's "natural boundaries" and creating a lure for tourists. He also presented plans to improve traffic connections and establish a Civic Center. Mixed-use neighborhood centers were clustered to prevent the unsightly spread of commercial uses and traffic problems along city thoroughfares. A system of parkways united the city, providing pedestrian access to parks and local neighborhood centers with store groups, churches, and public buildings.

paragraph: Nolen's plan rested on the "adequate control of private development." He proposed a series of land use controls to ensure that development followed the efficient outlay of public facilities, rather than outline speculative desires. Without these regulations, Nolen was hardly sanguine about the city's future. "It has been said and with reason," he wrote, "that man is the only animal who desecrates the surroundings of his own habitation."

paragraph: In the midst of the great Florida land boom, the desire to make quick profits outweighed any lofty notion of city building. Moreover, the idea of investing public funds to improve the squalid conditions in "the colored section" found little sentiment in a place, where one anti-planning editor advocated replacing black laborers (17 percent of the population) with immigrants from the "agricultural sections of England." In a referendum, Nolen's planning initiative received only 13 percent of the vote.

paragraph: The St. Petersburg experience disheartened Nolen, but he remained optimistic. His firm worked on 54 projects in Florida, including city plans for Clearwater, Sarasota, and West Palm Beach, new town plans for Clewiston and Bellaire, and neighborhood plans for University Park (Gainesville) and San Jose Estates (Jacksonville). In 1925, Nolen finally found in "Venice an opportunity better ... than any other in Florida to apply the most advanced and most practical ideas of regional planning." Nolen planned Venice for the Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers (BLE), a labor union looking to capitalize on the land boom. The BLE, however, was also investing for the long term. BLE officials envisioned a regional center for agriculture and light industry, "a place where the ordinary man could have a chance to get all that the rich have ever been able to get out of Florida."

paragraph: "Nature led the way" and the plan, Nolen wrote, "followed her way." Greenbelts protected important natural features, and parkways extended from the hinterlands into Venice's downtown (Figure 1). A greenbelt bounded the town to the east and south, while Venice Bay marked the northern edge and the Gulf of Mexico lay to the west. Nolen paid special attention to the town's Gulf front location. A linear park ran along the waterfront, with an amphitheater and beachfront park lying at the terminus of Venice Parkway, which connected the beach to the Civic Center.

paragraph: The Civic Center's grouping of parks and public buildings offered a view of the Gulf and marked the western edge of the commercial core. From this point east, Venice Parkway narrowed to Venice Avenue, which ran the center of a three-block commercial core between the Civic Center and Rialto Avenue. The Civic Center not only defined the town center, but it stood midway between the commercial core and Venice's most sublime natural feature — the Gulf of Mexico.

paragraph: In Venice, Nolen effectively balanced his design between two transcendental ideals — civic virtue and Nature. From City Hall, one could view the palette of Nature while surrounded by the physical form of the "civic spirit." An ideal site for contemplation, a vision of Nature was always at hand, but it never remained the same, shifting with the tides and the seasons.

paragraph: Two diagonal avenues defined the neighborhoods lying between the Gulf and the Civic Center. School sites and the commercial center provided focal points for neighborhoods. Common greens and playgrounds were provided in each neighborhood, while a wedge-shaped golf course buffered the eastern section of town from the railway and industrial uses.

paragraph: Nolen also placed Harlem Village east of the railway, surrounding it with "white farms." Segregation was a staple of southern life, and if Nolen failed to fight the southern caste system directly, he remained adamant that African-Americans receive the benefits of good planning. In Venice, like other southern cities, he connected African-American neighborhoods to the larger community via a parkway. In cities separated by race, interconnected parkways offered the hope of uniting diverse people through "nature" and to, Nolen wrote, "the brotherhood of man."

paragraph: The BLE invested heavily in infrastructure, before the land boom crashed in 1927. Nolen's plan remained a guiding vision (although Harlem Village was nixed), and Venice stands as the most complete example of the Garden City in Florida. Neighborhoods segregated by class and cost were connected by parkways and linked to the Civic Center. Combining the lines of Nature with a civic orientation, Venice offered, Nolen wrote, "an inspiration to those who would make this world a better place to live."

paragraph: At the 1926 National City Planning Conference, held in St. Petersburg, Nolen presented Venice in his presidential address, "New Communities to Meet New Conditions." More than any other state, Nolen believed, Florida needed "a state plan" to "regulate reasonably" the location of future towns and cities. Nolen envisioned a state of interconnected garden cities based on Venice's regional and town plan. Although Nolen's agenda never moved beyond the conference, his vision drew admirers.

paragraph: A year later, Lewis Mumford, in the keynote address to the same conference, proclaimed, "At least one planner realizes where the path of intelligent and humane achievement will lead during the next generation." Both Mumford and Nolen advocated regional planning and the new town as the means to channel urbanization into a higher level of civilization. They also saw planning as an art form that revealed mankind's highest htmirations. "City design" could only "succeed," Mumford remarked in his conclusion, "when the city planner tries to fathom and express ... what the best life possible is."

paragraph: Section::::Impact on Wisconsin.

paragraph: Nolen developed plans for the University of Wisconsin, the city of Madison, and the state park system. His comprehensive approach blended social, economic, and physical aspects of urban life with the preservation of natural beauty. He felt strongly that:

paragraph: His plan for the city of Madison is considered a preeminent example of the urban landscape movement. Nolen later cited the grounds surrounding Worcester College as an inspiration for his plans for Madison.

paragraph: In 1908, John Olin of the Madison Park and Pleasure Drive Association contacted Nolen for advice in laying out Madison city parks. Without the money to pay Nolen, Olin enlisted the support of the city, the University of Wisconsin, and the state. Together, they devised a contract to have Nolen make recommendations for the beautification of each.

paragraph: Perhaps Nolen's most important contribution, though, was his plan for a state park system. Having seen the rapid deforestation of northern Wisconsin, the depletion of mineral resources in the southwest, and increasing urban development, Nolen was hired not only to find locations for parks but also to provide a reason for their existence. He recommended the creation of four state parks and provided guidelines for the establishment of a state park system.

paragraph: Nolen's legacy lives on in Madison. One of Madison's main thoroughfares, John Nolen Drive, is named after him. A strava cycling segment, named "John Nolen" in his honor, is a 1.4 mile stretch of bike path adjacent to John Nolen Drive. Nolen Shore, a twelve-story, high-rise building named after him, was completed in 2006.

paragraph: Tenney Park-Yahara River Parkway, which Nolen helped design, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beck, Jody. "John Nolen and the Metropolitan Landscape". London: Routledge, 2013. Print.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nolen, John. "New Towns for Old: Achievements in Civic Improvement in Some American Small Towns and Neighborhoods". Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2005.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stephenson, R. Bruce. "The Roots of the New Urbanism: John Nolen's Garden City Ethic." "Journal of Planning History", vol. 1, no. 2, 99-123 (2002).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stephenson, R. Bruce. "John Nolen: Landscape Architect and City Planner". Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 2015.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stephenson, R. Bruce. "Visions of Eden: Environmentalism, Urban Planning and City Building in St. Petersburg, Florida, 1900-1995". Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1997.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1922 Plan of Asheville, North Carolina by John Nolen

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1920 Plan of Bristol, Connecticut by John Nolen

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1926 Plan of Venice, Florida byJohn Nolen

paragraph: BULLET::::- Madison : a model city UW-Madison TEI edition, July 2000

paragraph: BULLET::::- Papers of the Nolen-Schatte family, 1886-1990 (inclusive), 1886-1954 (bulk) Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University.

description: American landscape architect

wikidata_label: John Nolen

wikipedia_title: John Nolen


text:
nobility
Frederick III of Austria
Friedrich II von Graben
House of Graben von Stein
Meinhardiner
Breuner
Windischgraetz
Andreas von Graben
Breuner
Wolfgang von Graben
bailiff
Slovenj Gradec
House of Guttenberg
von Auersperg
Coronation of the Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick III of Austria
Obermarburg
Burggraf
Maribor
von Walsee
Landeshauptmann
Duchy of Styria
Seneschal
Graz
Matthias Corvinus

categories: Medieval Austrian nobility,Medieval Austrian knights,People from Styria

paragraph: Ulrich III von Graben

paragraph: Ulrich III von Graben († 16 February 1486) was a member of the Austrian nobility and an important member of the court of emperor Frederick III of Austria.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Ulrich's parents were Friedrich II von Graben and a Lady von Plankenwarth or Adelheid Hoffer. He was a descendant of the dynastic House of Graben von Stein, originating from the dynasty Meinhardiner. He was related to the Lords Philipp Breuner and Ruprecht I von Windischgraetz. His uncle was Lord Andreas von Graben zu Sommeregg, the founder of the Carinthian line of the family.

paragraph: Ulrich von Graben married in 1464 Agnes Närringer, daughter of Mert Närringer and widow of Lord Hans Breuner. The couple had seven children.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wolfgang von Graben († 1521), styrian Lord and Burggraf, imperial military and administrator

paragraph: BULLET::::- Andree von Graben († 1521), Lord of Kornberg and Graben, bailiff of Slovenj Gradec (Windischgraetz)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Georg von Graben († 1522)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rosina von Graben († 1539), married Heinrich from the House of Guttenberg, princebishop-bambergs stadholder in carynthia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Margret (Marusch) von Graben

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elisabeth von Graben, married Lord Georg IV von Auersperg

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wilhelm von Graben († 1523), Lord of Kornberg and Graben, Lord of the manor Saldenhofen and imperial Burggraf of Burg Neuberg

paragraph: Ulrich was first named in 1452 as member at the Coronation of the Holy Roman Emperor of Frederick III of Austria. In 1456 he elected, together with his father Friedrich, Lord of the "Herrschaft Obermarburg". In the same year Ulrich was elected imperial Burggraf of Maribor. In 1462 he succeeded Lord Eberhard VIII von Walsee as Landeshauptmann (state captain) of the Duchy of Styria. In 1469 he was succeeded by Count Wilhelm von Dirnstein. In the same year Ulrich became imperial Seneschal and emperor Friedrich III pledged him with the castle of Maribor. In 1483 Ulrich was elected imperial Burggraf of Graz. As burggraf of Graz he was deeply involved in the war against Matthias Corvinus. In this time he was the emperors deputy.

description: Austrian politician

wikidata_label: Ulrich III von Graben

wikipedia_title: Ulrich III von Graben


text:
Cardinal
Roman Catholic Church
Pujili
Ecuador
Quito
Pontifical University of Salamanca
Spain
canon law
Pablo Muñoz Vega
SJ
Archbishop of Quito
Bishop of Machala
Coadjutor Archbishop
Quito
Pope John Paul II
Antonio José González Zumárraga

categories: 2008 deaths,People from Pujilí,Ecuadorian cardinals,1925 births,Pontifical University of Salamanca alumni

paragraph: Antonio José González Zumárraga

paragraph: Antonio José González Zumárraga (March 18, 1925 – October 13, 2008) was an Ecuadorian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.

paragraph: González Zumárraga was born in Pujili, Ecuador. He was ordained priest on July 29, 1951, following studies at the San José seminary in Quito and the Pontifical University of Salamanca, Spain, where he obtained a doctorate in canon law.

paragraph: He was made auxiliary bishop of Quito on May 17, 1969 (with the titular diocese of Tagarata) and was consecrated as bishop in Quito on June 15, 1969, by Cardinal Pablo Muñoz Vega, SJ, Archbishop of Quito.

paragraph: He was made Bishop of Machala on June 30, 1978, and then Coadjutor Archbishop of Quito on June 28, 1980. He succeeded to full governance of the Archdiocese on June 1, 1985.

paragraph: He was created as a Cardinal Priest (Cardinal Priest of Santa Maria in Via) in 2001 by Pope John Paul II.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Antonio José González Zumárraga

description: Catholic cardinal

wikidata_label: Antonio José González Zumárraga

wikipedia_title: Antonio José González Zumárraga


text: Catholic Church

text: Roman Curia

text: Holy See

text: cardinal

text: Maracay

text: Aragua State

text: Archbishop

text: Caracas

text: canon law

text: Salesian Pontifical University

text: Turin

text: Trujillo

text: 1983 Code of Canon Law

text: Pope John Paul II

text: Consistory

text: Institute for Religious Works

text: Hugo Chávez

categories: Salesian Pontifical University alumni,Presidents of the Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State,21st-century Roman Catholic archbishops,People from Maracay,1922 births,Cardinals created by Pope John Paul II,Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See,Venezuelan cardinals,2007 deaths,20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops,Venezuelan Roman Catholics,Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts

paragraph: Rosalio José Castillo Lara

paragraph: Rosalio José Castillo Lara (4 September 1922 – 16 October 2007) was a Venezuelan prelate of the Catholic Church. He worked in the Roman Curia for almost all of his career, first with responsibility for rewriting the code of canon law and then in administrative positions in the government of the Holy See. He was made a cardinal in 1985.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Castillo Lara was born in San Casimiro, diocese of Maracay, in Venezuela's Aragua State, on 4 September 1922. Third son of seven children, he was ordained a priest on 4 September 1949, by his uncle, Archbishop Castillo Hernandez of Caracas.

paragraph: In 1950 he went to study canon law at the Salesian Pontifical University in Turin. In September 1954, he was named professor at the faculty of canon law, at first in Turin until 1957, then in Rome until 1965. He was named titular bishop of Precausa and Coadjutor Bishop of Trujillo on 26 March 1973.

paragraph: He became Secretary in 1975 and then President in 1982 of the Commission for the Revision of the Code of Canon Law, which produced the 1983 Code of Canon Law.

paragraph: He was promoted to archbishop on 26 May 1982. Pope John Paul II made him a cardinal during the Consistory of 25 May 1985, and two days later appointed him the first President of the Pontifical Commission for the Authentic Interpretation of the Code of Canon Law, later known as the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts. He had been named its Pro-President in January 1984.

paragraph: He became President of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Holy See on 6 December 1989, a post to which he added on 31 October 1990, that of President of the Pontifical Commission for the State of Vatican City. He was also a member of several other bodies, including the Cardinals' Supervisory Commission for the Institute for Religious Works, commonly known as the Vatican Bank.

paragraph: In 1996, he dismissed concerns about the health of Pope John Paul II, who was suffering from Parkinson's disease. He said: "Certainly the tremor in the hand is terrible, and I think that for the Pope, who was once such an athlete, it is a humiliating and mortifying phenomenon. But it helps to maintain a spirit of humility, and still, he is lucid, with a remarkable memory."

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Relations with the Chávez government.

paragraph: Castillo Lara was one of the Venezuelan ecclesiastic figures most opposed to the government of Hugo Chávez. In a 2006 homily, he asked for prayers "with fervour to the Virgin Mary to save Venezuela. We are living a very grave situation, like a few times in our history". Castillo once called Chávez "a paranoid dictator", while Chavez called Castillo "a hypocrite, bandit and devil with a cassock."

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Obituary in "The Times", 26 October 2007

description: Catholic cardinal

wikidata_label: Rosalio Lara

wikipedia_title: Rosalio José Castillo Lara


text:
Major League Baseball
pitcher
Detroit Tigers
Brooklyn Dodgers
Farmington, North Carolina
major league debut
Philadelphia Athletics
Shibe Park
win
New York Yankees
Yankee Stadium
shutout
St. Louis Cardinals
Ebbets Field
games started
complete game
games finished
save
earned runs
innings pitched
ERA
San Ramon, California
inning
National League
hit batsmen
Retrosheet

categories: San Francisco Seals (baseball) players,Oakland Oaks (baseball) players,People from Davie County, North Carolina,Brooklyn Dodgers players,Lincoln Links players,Springfield Cardinals players,Columbus Red Birds players,Detroit Tigers players,San Diego Padres (minor league) players,Decatur Commodores players,Eugene Larks players,Baseball players from North Carolina,Asheville Tourists players,Sacramento Solons players,Houston Buffaloes players,Major League Baseball pitchers,1992 deaths,1910 births,Hollywood Stars players

paragraph: Tom Seats

paragraph: Thomas Edward Seats (September 24, 1910 – May 10, 1992) was a Major League Baseball pitcher for the Detroit Tigers (1940) and the Brooklyn Dodgers (1945). The , left-hander was a native of Farmington, North Carolina.

paragraph: Seats was 2–2 for the Tigers in 1940, and then was 10–7 for the Dodgers five years later during World War II. He made his major league debut in relief on May 4, 1940, against the Philadelphia Athletics at Shibe Park. His first major league win came two days later, also in relief, in a 6–4 victory over the New York Yankees at Yankee Stadium. He pitched his first major league shutout on May 11, 1945 against the St. Louis Cardinals at Ebbets Field. The score was 7–0.

paragraph: Seats' career totals for 57 games include a 12–9 record, 20 games started, 6 complete games, 2 shutouts, 14 games finished, and 1 save. He allowed 88 earned runs in 177 innings pitched for an ERA of 4.47.

paragraph: Seats died at the age of 81 in San Ramon, California.

paragraph: Section::::Trivia.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Even though he pitched just 121 innings in 1945, Seats tied for ninth among National League hurlers with 5 hit batsmen. By contrast, it took the other five pitchers who were tied with him for ninth an average of 179 innings to hit the same number of batters.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Retrosheet

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Tom Seats

wikipedia_title: Tom Seats


text:
jazz fusion
Hank Marvin
The Shadows
Django Reinhardt
Gracious!
Peter Green
Jeff Beck
Jimi Hendrix
Eric Clapton
Essex University
John McLaughlin
"Extrapolation"
Deep Purple
Warhorse
Romania
Nicolae Ceaușescu
Curved Air
Darryl Way
Deram
Gong
Allan Holdsworth
Soft Machine
Bundles
Softs
Stéphane Grappelli
2nd Vision
Ric Sanders
Isotope
Danny Thompson
Dick Heckstall-Smith
Biréli Lagrène
Elton Dean
Nigel Kennedy
Andy Summers
John Williams
Frank Zappa
Zappatistas
Soft Machine Legacy
Hugh Hopper
John Marshall
Elton Dean
Theo Travis
Hawkwind
John Williams
Stéphane Grappelli
Yehudi Menuhin
Nigel Kennedy
Dick Heckstall-Smith
John Altman
Andy Summers
Elton Dean
Theo Travis
Danny Thompson
Fairport Convention
Mark Latimer
Vic Juris
Ric Sanders
Chris Jagger
Nik Turner
Hawkwind
Official site

categories: Canterbury scene,English male guitarists,1948 births,Living people,21st-century male musicians,English jazz guitarists,21st-century guitarists,Soft Machine members,20th-century guitarists,Male jazz musicians,20th-century male musicians

paragraph: John Etheridge

paragraph: John Michael Glyn Etheridge (born 12 January 1948) is an English jazz fusion guitarist known for his eclecticism and broad range of associations in jazz, classical, and contemporary music.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life.

paragraph: Etheridge began playing at 13, his early influences being Hank Marvin of The Shadows and Django Reinhardt. Although his father was a jazz pianist, he was primarily self-taught. In the mid 1960s he formed his first notable band, Rush Release, with Robert Lipson (the future drummer of Gracious!). The band was formed at the height of the British 'blues boom', with the emergence of guitarists such as Peter Green, Jeff Beck and, later, Jimi Hendrix. Etheridge played with Rush Release at London's Speakeasy Club in 1966, and on occasion would jam with other guitarists on the scene such as Eric Clapton.

paragraph: In 1967, Etheridge left London to study History of Art at Essex University. While he continued to play during this period, he did not take up guitar professionally again until 1970. It was during this period that Etheridge further developed his interest in jazz and fusion, an important influence at this time being John McLaughlin's debut album, "Extrapolation".

paragraph: Upon returning to the London scene in the early 1970s, Etheridge briefly worked with the Deep Purple offshoot Warhorse, followed by a stint with Icarus during the final stages of recording their album "The Marvel World of Icarus". He recalled: "I'd been on the fringes of the London rock scene for a couple of years, and one of the musicians I came across was [Icarus woodwinds player] Norrie Devine. I desperately needed somewhere to live, and he put me in touch with Peter Curtain." Curtain, the drummer for Icarus, set Etheridge up with a flat and offered him a spot in the band after their guitarist left. Though the album sleeve credited Etheridge for all the guitar parts, only one track featured him as the sole guitarist (though he did overdubs on several other tracks). He stayed with Icarus for their subsequent tour of Romania, which ended abruptly when President Nicolae Ceaușescu ordered the band to be deported. The Romanian tour marked their final public appearance.

paragraph: In late 1972, Etheridge joined Curved Air violinist Darryl Way's band Wolf, which went on to record three albums in the progressive rock canon for the Deram label: "Canis Lupus" (1973), "Saturation Point" (1973), and "Night Music" (1974). It also provided an outlet for his first compositions, at a rate of one or two tracks per album.

paragraph: Following Wolf's break-up, Etheridge briefly played in the Global Village Trucking Company for a UK tour supporting Gong in early 1975, before a recommendation from fellow guitarist Allan Holdsworth led to him joining Soft Machine, now in full fusion mode having just released "Bundles". Etheridge went on to record two albums with the band, "Softs" (1976) and "" (1978). He also played on the more recent release, "British Tour '75" (2005).

paragraph: With Soft Machine's activities slowing down in the late 1970s, Etheridge began to develop parallel ventures. It was at this time that he began what would become a long-term collaboration with French violin legend Stéphane Grappelli, with whom he performed on numerous world tours between 1976 and 1981. The late 70s also saw Etherdige form the band 2nd Vision with fellow Soft Machine member, violinist Ric Sanders. Though the band released an album in 1980, they struggled to achieve broader recognition in the hostile post-punk environment and broke up in 1981.

paragraph: The 1980s saw Etheridge remain very active on the live front - including a reunion with Soft Machine for the band's final series of concerts at Ronnie Scott's club in 1984 - but much less productive in the studio. "1981 was a sort of watershed year for me... there's sort of before and after 1981. Since then I've mostly played on my own or led bands, playing alongside other people but not in settled formations. That was partly because I liked to do that, and partly because, frankly, I didn't really know what to do with myself at that point. I'd always enjoyed playing sort of jazz-type gigs, so I started doing it..."

paragraph: In 1982, Etheridge played solo concerts in Australia and duo dates with bassist Brian Torff in the US. In 1984 he toured England with his own trio, and the following year joined forces with ex-Isotope guitarist Gary Boyle. Between 1989 and 1993, he was a member of Danny Thompson's group Whatever, playing on the album "Elemental" (1990). Between 1988-94, he did a lot of touring in Germany with Dick Heckstall-Smith, recording two albums as the Dick Heckstall-Smith / John Etheridge Band, "Live in Erlangen" and "Obsession Fees". Also in 1988 he made a duo record with New York guitarist Vic Juris, "Bohemia", toured with Biréli Lagrène, and played in the Elton Dean/John Etheridge Quartet with Fred Baker (bass) and Mark Fletcher (drums).

paragraph: In 1992, he joined violinist Nigel Kennedy's live band, playing on his albums "Kafka" (1996) and "The Kennedy Experience - The Music of Jimi Hendrix" (1998).

paragraph: In 1994, he released a duo album, "Invisible Threads", with longtime friend Andy Summers (a former Soft Machine guitarist, albeit in a much earlier incarnation of the group), and did a world tour with him. The duo recorded the album using only acoustic guitars and acoustic bass. The same year, Etheridge released his first solo album, "Ash", mostly featuring his regular band at the time - Steve Franklin on keyboards, Henry Thomas on bass and Mark Fletcher on drums - as well as duets with bassist Dudley Phillips. Subsequent solo albums included "Chasing Shadows" (2001), "I Didn't Know" (2004), "Stitched Up" (2006, with his Trio North), "In House - Live In London" (2007, with Arild Andersen and John Marshall), "Alone - Live !" (2008) and "Break Even" (2008, with Liane Carroll).

paragraph: Etheridge has been nominated for 'Musician of the Year' at the Parliamentary Jazz Awards three times (in 2005, 2006, and 2011).

paragraph: Section::::Collaborations.

paragraph: In addition to countless one-off line-ups assembled for jazz gigs, Etheridge is involved in several long-term projects, including: a guitar duo with John Williams, which released "Places Between - Live in Dublin"; the Grappelli tribute Sweet Chorus, which released "Sweet Chorus - Tribute to Grappelli" in 1998; the Frank Zappa tribute band Zappatistas (formed 1999), who released a live CD, "The Music of Frank Zappa - Absolutely Live" (2001) and have since toured widely, appearing at the German progressive rock/jazz festival Zappanale in 2006; and Soft Machine Legacy, alongside fellow ex-Soft Machine members Hugh Hopper, John Marshall and Elton Dean (the latter replaced by Theo Travis after Dean died in early 2006). They have released three studio albums, all of which include Etheridge compositions: "Soft Machine Legacy" (2005), "Steam" (2007), and "Burden of Proof" (2013). The band have also produced a number of live releases, including "Live in Zaandam" (2005) and "Live At The New Morning" (2006), which includes a DVD filmed just a few weeks prior to Dean's passing. Etheridge toured and recorded with the band Hawkwind in 2014. In 2016, Etheridge and jazz singer Vimala Rowe release the collaborative album "Out of the Sky", which explores a range of jazz, flamenco, Indian classical, traditional African, and blues influences.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As leader.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003 "Chasing Shadows" (Dyad)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003 "Ash"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003 "Second Vision" with Ric Sanders

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 "Places in Between" with John Williams (Sony Classical)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As member.

paragraph: With Icarus

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972 "Marvel World of Icarus"

paragraph: With Darryl Way's Wolf

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1973 "Canis Lupus"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1973 "Saturation Point"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1974 "Night Music"

paragraph: With Soft Machine

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1976 "Softs"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1977 "Triple Echo"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1978 "Alive & Well: Recorded in Paris"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1994 "Rubber Riff"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005 "British Tour '75"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018 "Hidden Details"

paragraph: With Soft Machine Legacy

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005 "Live in Zaandam"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 "New Morning: The Paris Concert"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007 "Steam"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2010 "Live Adventures"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013 "Burden of Proof"

paragraph: With Second Vision

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1980 "First Steps"

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Collaborations.

paragraph: With Stéphane Grappelli

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1978 "Tea for Two" with Yehudi Menuhin

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1980 "Strictly for the Birds" with Yehudi Menuhin

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1983 "Live at Carnegie Hall"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1981 "At the Winery"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988 "Menuhin & Grappelli Play "Jealousy" and Other Great Standards" with Yehudi Menuhin

paragraph: With Nigel Kennedy

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996 "Kafka"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999 "The Kennedy Experience"

paragraph: With others

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992 "Obsession Fees", Dick Heckstall-Smith

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992 "Hear My Song", John Altman

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1993 "Invisible Threads", Andy Summers

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995 "Two's & Three's", Elton Dean

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996 "Secret Island", Theo Travis

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998 "Whatever's Best", Danny Thompson

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002 "Fairport Unconventional", Fairport Convention

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002 "Unhinged Take No. 2", Mark Latimer

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 "Bohemia", Vic Juris

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 "Still Waters", Ric Sanders

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009 "The Ridge", Chris Jagger

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015 "Space Fusion Odyssey", Nik Turner

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015 "Space Ritual Live 2014", Hawkwind

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015: "" (DVD)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official site

description: British guitarist

wikidata_label: John Etheridge

wikipedia_title: John Etheridge


text:
Savannah, Georgia
professional baseball
manager
Major League
catcher
coach
Chicago Cubs
Triple-A
Iowa Cubs
Pacific Coast League
Georgia Southern Eagles
1982 Major League Baseball draft
Minnesota Twins
Appalachian League
St. Louis Cardinals
free agent
games played
Montreal Expos
double
triple
hits
minor league baseball
Toronto Blue Jays
Medicine Hat Blue Jays
Hagerstown Suns
Dunedin Blue Jays
Double-A
Eastern League
New Haven Ravens
International League
Syracuse Sky Chiefs
Jim Fregosi
Ernie Whitt
John Gibbons
farm system
Peoria Chiefs
record
Retrosheet
The Baseball Gauge
Pura Pelota (Venezuelan Winter League)

categories: Montreal Expos players,Sportspeople from Savannah, Georgia,Louisville Redbirds players,Toledo Mud Hens players,Georgia Southern Eagles baseball players,Macon Redbirds players,Indianapolis Indians players,1962 births,St. Petersburg Cardinals players,Baseball players from Georgia (U.S. state),Iowa Cubs managers,Major League Baseball third base coaches,Major League Baseball first base coaches,Major League Baseball catchers,Syracuse Chiefs managers,Major League Baseball bullpen coaches,Georgia Southern University alumni,Living people,Tacoma Rainiers players,Elizabethton Twins players,Leones del Caracas players,Jacksonville Suns players,Arkansas Travelers players,Toronto Blue Jays coaches

paragraph: Marty Pevey

paragraph: Marty Ashley Pevey (born December 25, 1962 in Savannah, Georgia) is an American professional baseball manager and former Major League catcher and coach. He has been the manager of the Chicago Cubs' Triple-A affiliate, the Iowa Cubs of the Pacific Coast League, since .

paragraph: Pevey stood tall and weighed ; he batted left-handed and threw right-handed. After playing collegiately for the Georgia Southern Eagles, he was selected in the 19th round of the 1982 Major League Baseball draft by the Minnesota Twins, but he was released after only two months in the Rookie-level Appalachian League. He resumed his pro career when the St. Louis Cardinals signed him as a free agent the following season.

paragraph: Pevey's playing career lasted for 13 seasons (through 1995, with the exception of 1990, which he missed with an injury). In his only Major League trial, he appeared in 13 games played, 11 as a starting catcher, for the Montreal Expos. He had one double and one triple among his nine big-league hits.

paragraph: As a manager, Pevey has worked at all levels of minor league baseball, starting in the Toronto Blue Jays' organization at the Rookie level (Medicine Hat Blue Jays), then moving up the ladder to "low" Class A (Hagerstown Suns), "high" Class A (Dunedin Blue Jays), Double-A (the Eastern League's New Haven Ravens) and Triple-A (the International League's Syracuse Sky Chiefs).

paragraph: Pevey interrupted his managerial career in 1999 to serve as bullpen coach on the Major League staff of Toronto manager Jim Fregosi. At the end of the season, he returned to the MLB Jays when was named Toronto's first base coach, replacing Ernie Whitt, who returned to the bench coach position after serving as both bench coach and first base coach for most of the season. Pevey coached third base for the Blue Jays in 2008 when he was fired along with manager John Gibbons (then in his first term as Toronto's pilot) on June 20, 2008.

paragraph: In 2009, he joined the Cubs' farm system as manager of the Class A Peoria Chiefs, then worked for three seasons (2010–2012) as the Cubs' minor league catching coordinator. In 2013, his first as pilot of the Iowa Cubs, Pevey led them to a 66–78 record and third place in their division. Through 13 minor league seasons, Pevey's teams have compiled an 864–829 (.510) mark. He is the third manager in Iowa Cubs history to serve three or more consecutive seasons as the club's manager and, as of 2016, the fourth-winningest pilot in the franchise's 47-year history.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: , or Retrosheet, or The Baseball Gauge, or Pura Pelota (Venezuelan Winter League)

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Marty Pevey

wikipedia_title: Marty Pevey


text: MBE

text: World War I

text: World War II

text: sugar cane

text: Ingham

text: Queensland

text: Kanaka

text: World War I

text: University of Melbourne

text: Melbourne Herald

text: Gallipoli

text: The Straits Impregnable

text: Quaker Relief Movement

text: Lenin

text: President of Poland

text: Smyrna

text: refugee camp

text: Thessaloniki

text: Byzantine

text: Ouranoupoli

text: Mount Athos

text: Powerhouse Museum

text: King of the Hellenes

text: World War II

text: Polish

text: Jewish

text: Nazis

text: Haifa

text: Pyrgos

text: Ouranoupoli

text: Gallipoli

text: jackaroo

text: Ouranoupoli

categories: Australian women writers,University of Melbourne faculty,Journalists from Melbourne,1982 deaths,Australian Members of the Order of the British Empire,Australian humanitarians,People from North Queensland,1887 births

paragraph: Joice NanKivell Loch

paragraph: Joice NanKivell Loch MBE (24 January 18878 October 1982) was an Australian author, journalist and humanitarian worker who worked with refugees in Poland, Greece and Romania after World War I and World War II.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Joice Mary NanKivell was born at Farnham sugar cane plantation in Ingham in far north Queensland in 1887. Her father acted as manager of the plantation for Fanning, NanKivell, a company run by the Fanning brothers and her wealthy grandfather, Thomas NanKivell. The family fortune was lost however when Kanaka labour was abolished and Joice and her parents walked off the property virtually penniless. Her father, George NanKivell, took a job as manager on a run-down property in Myrrhee, North East Victoria where Joice grew up. She had wanted to become a doctor but the family was unable to pay university fees and so she helped on the property until she was 26 years old. After the death of her brother during World War I, her father abandoned the farm and Joice went to Melbourne where she worked for the Professor of Classics at the University of Melbourne and reviewed books for the "Melbourne Herald".

paragraph: She met her husband, Gallipoli veteran Sydney Loch when she reviewed his fictionalised autobiography The Straits Impregnable, which told of the horrors of that campaign. The book had been banned by the military censor fearful that if the truth about the slaughter at Gallipoli were revealed young men would stop enlisting to fight in France.

paragraph: Joice and Sydney Loch went to Poland as aid workers for the Quaker Relief Movement with the aim of writing a book about the damage that Lenin's troops had inflicted on Poland and were awarded medals by the President of Poland for their humanitarian work. In 1922 they went to Greece as aid workers following the burning of Smyrna. The Lochs worked in a Quaker-run refugee camp on the outskirts of Thessaloniki for two years before being given a peppercorn rent on a Byzantine tower by the sea in the refugee village of Ouranoupoli, the last settlement before Mount Athos.

paragraph: To help the villagers, Loch purchased looms so that the women could work as rug weavers; she designed Byzantine rugs, one of which is now on display in the Powerhouse Museum in Sydney. She also acted as a medical orderly and held regular clinics for the villagers. For their work in Greece the couple were awarded medals by the King of the Hellenes.

paragraph: Section::::"Operation Pied Piper".

paragraph: During World War II, Loch was awarded another two medals by the Governments of Romania and Poland for saving a thousand Polish and Jewish children from the Nazis by leading a daring escape known as "Operation Pied Piper" from Romania where they were running a refugee centre for Poles who had escaped from the Nazis and the Russian invasion. Subsequently, the Lochs ran a refugee camp for Poles at Haifa. In 1953 they returned to Greece and their tower home and re-established the Pyrgos rug industry in Ouranoupolis.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage.

paragraph: Sydney Loch (1888 – 6 February 1955) was a Gallipoli veteran and a humanitarian worker. He was born in London, raised in Scotland, and sailed to Australia in 1905, aged 17, working first as a jackaroo. He joined the Australian forces at the outbreak of the First World War and served in Gallipoli until being discharged for wounds and illness. He later became a journalist and writer. He and Joice NanKivell wed in 1919. They sailed for England and secured a contract to write a book on Ireland, which was published as "Ireland in Travail".

paragraph: Section::::Other honours.

paragraph: In addition to the honours bestowed on her by Greece, Romania and Poland, she was also honoured by Serbia and her home country Australia, In 1972 on the recommendation of the Australian government she was appointed a Member of the Order of the British Empire for "international relations".

paragraph: Section::::Deaths.

paragraph: Sydney Loch died on 6 February 1955. Joice Loch died in her home in Ouranoupoli on 8 October 1982, aged 95.

paragraph: Section::::Selected bibliography.

paragraph: Section::::Selected bibliography.:Fiction.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Cobweb Ladder" (1916), poetry and prose for children

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Solitary Pedestrian" (1918)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Fourteen Thumbs of st Peter" (1926)

paragraph: Section::::Selected bibliography.:Non-fiction.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Fringe of Blue" (1968)

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Adelaide, Debra (1988) "Australian women writers: a bibliographic guide", London, Pandora

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- De Vries, Susanna, "'Blue Ribbons Bitter Bread: the Life of Joice NanKivell Loch" (3rd ed., 2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Australian threads woven into Greek history, Neos Kosmos (Australian-Greek newspaper) 21 September 2012

description: Australian writer, humanitarian and philanthropist

wikidata_label: Joice NanKivell Loch

wikipedia_title: Joice NanKivell Loch


text: Spanish

text: Aragonese

text: soprano

text: opera

text: Zarzuela

text: register

text: vibrato

text: Zaragoza

text: Barcelona

text: Madrid

text: West Berlin

text: Carl Ebert

text: Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau

text: Oran

text: Algeria

text: Beethoven

text: Ninth Symphony

text: Brahms

text: Requiem

text: Festival international d'Art Lyrique

text: Aix-en-Provence

text: The Marriage of Figaro

text: Glyndebourne

text: Buenos Aires

text: Deutsche Oper Berlin

text: Senate of Berlin

text: Salzburg Festival

text: Idomeneo

text: Desdemona

text: Otello

text: San Francisco Opera

text: La traviata

text: Don Giovanni

text: Metropolitan Opera

text: Brussels

text: La Scala

text: Milan

text: Liceu

text: Vienna Philharmonic

text: Vienna State Opera

text: Plácido Domingo

text: Grammy Award

text: Best Classical Vocal Soloist

text: Les Huguenots

text: Príncipe de Asturias Foundation

text: de los Ángeles

text: Berganza

text: Caballé

text: Carreras

text: Kraus

text: Oviedo

text: Asturias

text: cancer

text: Berlin

text: I.E.S. Pilar Lorengar

text: Zaragoza, Spain

text: Deutsche Oper

text: Don Giovanni

text: Don Carlos

text: Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau

text: Josef Greindl

text: Artist's biography in English

text: Notes in Castilian on Angeles Otein

text: Teatro de la Zarzuela (multilingual)

text: Discography

categories: 20th-century opera singers,Spanish operatic sopranos,1928 births,Madrid Royal Conservatory alumni,1996 deaths,People from Zaragoza,Deaths from cancer in Germany,20th-century Spanish musicians,Aragonese singers

paragraph: Pilar Lorengar

paragraph: Lorenza Pilar García Seta (January 16, 1928June 2, 1996) was a Spanish (Aragonese) soprano who used the professional name Pilar Lorengar. She was best known for her interpretations of opera and the Spanish genre Zarzuela, and as a soprano she was known for her full register, a youthful timbre as well as a distinctive vibrato.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: Lorengar was born in the El Gancho district of Zaragoza. At a very young age she participated in a radio program called "Ondas Infantiles", organized by Radio Zaragoza; she began formal music lessons at the age of fourteen under Margarita Martínez. She moved to Barcelona to study at the Barcelona Music Conservatory and began performing "incognito" under the name Loren Arce in various halls in order to pay for her lessons. She studied in Madrid under Spanish lyric soprano Ángeles Otein, and she also studied in West Berlin with Carl Ebert and mezzo-soprano Hertha Klust, Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau's teacher.

paragraph: Lorengar became a member of the chorus of the Teatro de la Zarzuela around 1949. She made her professional debut in 1950 in Oran, Algeria, playing the role of Maruxa. In 1951 she made her Spanish debut in the principal role in the Zarzuela "El canastillo de fresas" (The Strawberry Basket). In 1952, she performed as a soloist in Barcelona in Beethoven's Ninth Symphony and also in Brahms' "Requiem".

paragraph: Section::::International career.

paragraph: Her international opera career started in 1955 at the Festival international d'Art Lyrique in Aix-en-Provence, where she played Cherubino in "The Marriage of Figaro". She went on to play in London, Glyndebourne and Buenos Aires. In 1958 she signed a contract with the Deutsche Oper Berlin, a relationship that would last for thirty years. Her first performance for the Deutsche Oper took place a few months later, in 1959. In 1963 she was distinguished with the title of "Kammersängerin" by the Senate of Berlin.

paragraph: In 1961, she first performed at the Salzburg Festival as Ilia in "Idomeneo". She went on to play Desdemona in "Otello" at the San Francisco Opera, Violetta in "La traviata" at the "Deutsche Oper" in Berlin, and Donna Elvira in "Don Giovanni" at the Metropolitan Opera. Through her career she performed in Madrid, Brussels, La Scala at Milan, Liceu at Barcelona, frequently with the Vienna Philharmonic and the Vienna State Opera, Paris and even as far away as Tokyo.

paragraph: Her 1985 Zarzuela duet album recorded with Plácido Domingo at the Salzburg Music Festival brought her again to the forefront of Spanish Zarzuela. Both she and Domingo received Grammy Award nominations for Best Classical Vocal Soloist for the album. Her final triumph in Berlin was as Valentine in "Les Huguenots" in 1987.

paragraph: Section::::Late Life.

paragraph: In 1991, the Príncipe de Asturias Foundation awarded the "Generation of Spanish lyric singers" (de los Ángeles, Berganza, Caballé, Carreras, Domingo, Kraus and Lorengar) the Arts award. Lorengar announced her retirement and performed her last concert at the Campoamor Theatre in Oviedo (Asturias), Spain. In 1994, she was awarded the "Order of Merit" of the State of Berlin.

paragraph: Pilar Lorengar died of cancer in Berlin, scene of her longest artistic associations, where she resided with her husband, Dr Jurgen Schaff. I.E.S. Pilar Lorengar, a free public vocational high school for the media arts located in her city of birth, Zaragoza, Spain, was named in her honor.

paragraph: Section::::Recordings.

paragraph: She can be seen on black-and-white video in German translation performances from the "Deutsche Oper" of "Don Giovanni" (as Donna Elvira) and "Don Carlos" (as Elizabeth). In both of these performances, she shares the stage with Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau and Josef Greindl.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography in Castilian from the Municipality of Zaragoza

paragraph: BULLET::::- Artist's biography in English

paragraph: BULLET::::- Background notes on Pilar Lorengar in English from the Prince of Asturias Foundation

paragraph: BULLET::::- Notes in Castilian on Angeles Otein

paragraph: BULLET::::- Teatro de la Zarzuela (multilingual)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Discography (Capon's Lists of Opera Recordings)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eurydice (YouTube) with Marilyn Horne as Orfeo

alias:
Pilar Lorenger
Pilar Lorengar

description: singer

wikidata_label: Pilar Lorenza García Seta

wikipedia_title: Pilar Lorengar


text:
Texas
philanthropist
Fort Worth
Athens
Baylor University
Simmons College
Clint Murchison, Sr.
Kermit
Odessa
Fort Worth
Western
Frederic Remington
Charles M. Russell
Sid Richardson Museum
Amon G. Carter
Sid W. Richardson Foundation
Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex
Sid Richardson Museum
nephew
Perry Richardson Bass
John B. Connally
governor
Amon Carter Museum
Fort Worth
Texas
Sid Richardson Museum
Sid Richardson College
Rice University
Houston
Texas Christian University
Sid Richardson Scout Ranch
Boy Scout
Lake Bridgeport
Decatur
University of Texas
Austin
Eugene C. Barker
Baylor University
Waco
Austin College
Sherman
Texas Wesleyan University
Fort Worth
Fort Worth Country Day School
Hardin-Simmons University
Abilene
Howard Payne University
Brownwood
Fort Worth Country Day School
Sid Richardson Museum
biography
Sid Richardson Museum Store
Sid W. Richardson Foundation
biography
Biography of Richardson

categories: American businesspeople in the oil industry,Baylor University alumni,Businesspeople from Texas,1959 deaths,People from Athens, Texas,Texas Oil Boom people,1891 births,American philanthropists,Ranchers from Texas,American billionaires,People from Fort Worth, Texas

paragraph: Sid W. Richardson

paragraph: Sid Williams Richardson (May 25, 1891 – September 30, 1959) was a Texas businessman and philanthropist known for his association with the city of Fort Worth.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: A native of Athens in east Texas, Richardson attended Baylor University and Simmons College from 1910 to 1912. With borrowed money, he and a business partner, Clint Murchison, Sr., amassed $1 million in the oil business in 1919-1920, but then watched their fortunes wane with the oil market, until business again boomed in 1933.

paragraph: Richardson was president of Sid Richardson Gasoline Co. in Kermit, Sid Richardson Carbon Company in Odessa, and Sid W. Richardson, Inc., in Fort Worth, and was a partner in Fort Worth-based Richardson and Bass Oil Producers.

paragraph: He began ranching in the 1930s and developed a love of Western art, particularly that of Frederic Remington and Charles M. Russell. He built one of the largest private collections of these artists' work, which opened to the public as the Sid Richardson Collection of Western Art in 1982. After a yearlong renovation, it reopened as the Sid Richardson Museum in 2006.

paragraph: Richardson had already given numerous scholarships and gifts to local organizations when friend Amon G. Carter persuaded him to establish the Sid W. Richardson Foundation in 1947. The foundation awards grants to Texas organizations in the areas of education, health, human services, and cultural institutions; grants in the latter two categories are restricted to groups in the Dallas/Fort Worth Metroplex area. The foundation's Fort Worth headquarters shares a building with the Sid Richardson Museum.

paragraph: Upon his death aged 68 in 1959, Richardson, a bachelor, bequeathed a large portion of his estate to his foundation, and left several million dollars to his nephew-partner, Perry Richardson Bass. Richardson named John B. Connally, the future Texas governor, as co-executor of the estate, a designation which provided Connally with steady income for years thereafter.

paragraph: He also bought and donated land for the Sid Richardson Boy Scout Camp.

paragraph: Section::::Institutions named after Richardson.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid Richardson Auditorium of the Amon Carter Museum in Fort Worth, Texas

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid Richardson Museum, in Fort Worth housing Sid Richardson's extensive collection of Western Art featuring works by Remington and Russell

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid Richardson College, one of eleven residential colleges at Rice University, Houston

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid W. Richardson Physical Sciences Building at Texas Christian University, Fort Worth

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid Richardson Scout Ranch, a Boy Scout camp on Lake Bridgeport, near Decatur

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid Richardson Hall, an academic building at the University of Texas, Austin, which houses the Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs, Eugene C. Barker Texas History Collection, the UT Center for American History, and the Benson Latin American Collection.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid Richardson Building, Baylor University, Waco, which houses the Paul L. Foster Success Center and the Department of Mathematics.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid Richardson Recreation Center, Austin College, Sherman

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid Richardson Building, Texas Wesleyan University, Fort Worth

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid W. Richardson Visual Arts Center, Fort Worth Country Day School, completed in 2009.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid Richardson Science Center, Hardin-Simmons University, Abilene

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid Richardson Hall, A former residential hall at Howard Payne University Brownwood

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid Richardson Gallery, Texas Southmost College

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid Richardson Gymnasium, Fort Worth Country Day School

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid Richardson Museum includes biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid Richardson Museum Store

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sid W. Richardson Foundation; includes biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography of Richardson, from the Sid Richardson Museum

description: American businessman

wikidata_label: Sid W. Richardson

wikipedia_title: Sid W. Richardson


text: Jew

text: chronicler

text: mathematician

text: historian

text: astronomer

text: astrologer

text: Lippstadt

text: North Rhine-Westphalia

text: Germany

text: Bonn

text: Frankfurt am Main

text: Kraków

text: Moses Isserles

text: Maharal of Prague

text: Sinai

text: philosophy

text: mathematics

text: astronomy

text: Nordheim

text: Euclid

text: Kepler

text: Tycho Brahe

text: Regiomontanus

text: Alfonsine Tables

text: Old Jewish Cemetery in Prague

text: Star of David

text: goose

text: Cyriacus Spangenberg

text: Laurentius Faustus

text: Hubertus Holtzius

text: Georg Cassino

text: Martin Borisk

text: Shabbat

text: David ben Moses Rheindorf

text: Wilhelm Heinrich Vorst

text: Yiddish

text: Solomon Hanau

text: cosmography

text: Constantinople

text: Joel ben Jekuthiel

text: Copernicus

text: Ptolemaic system

text: Pythagoreans

text: Daniel

text: Hebenstreit

text: Judah Loew ben Bezalel

text: Jewish Encyclopedia

categories: People from Lippstadt,16th-century scientists,German mathematicians,16th-century astrologers,Czech mathematicians,Jewish historians,Czech astronomers,Czech historians,German historians,16th-century historians,Czech Jews,16th-century geographers,17th-century Jews,16th-century Bohemian people,Hebrew language chronology works,German astronomers,German expatriates in Poland,Jewish astrologers,German expatriates in the Czech lands,1613 deaths,Czech geographers,16th-century astronomers,German astrologers,16th-century German writers,Jewish scientists,Czech people of German descent,1541 births,Writers from Prague,German geographers,German Jews,German male non-fiction writers,16th-century mathematicians,16th-century Jews

paragraph: David Gans

paragraph: David Gans (; 1541–1613), also known as Rabbi Dovid Solomon Ganz, was a Jewish chronicler, mathematician, historian, astronomer and astrologer. He is the author of "Tzemach David" (1592) and therefore also known by this title, the צמח דוד.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: David was born in Lippstadt, in what is now North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. His father, Shlomo, was a moneylender. He studied rabbinical literature in Bonn and Frankfurt am Main, then in Kraków under Moses Isserles.

paragraph: Later he attended the lectures of the Maharal of Prague and of his brother, Rabbi Sinai. They introduced philosophy, mathematics, and astronomy into the circle of their studies, and from them Gans received the impulse to devote himself to these branches of science. He lived for a time in Nordheim (where he studied Euclid), passed several years in his native city of Lippstadt, and then in about 1564 settled in Prague. There he came into contact with Kepler and Tycho Brahe, and took part for three consecutive days in astronomical observations at the Prague observatory. He also carried on a scientific correspondence with Johann Müller (Regiomontanus), and was charged with the translation of the "Alfonsine Tables" from Hebrew into German by Tycho Brahe.

paragraph: His grave in the Old Jewish Cemetery in Prague is marked with a Star of David and a goose ( meaning goose in German). This is the first time a Star of David was officially used as Jewish community emblem.

paragraph: Section::::Writings.

paragraph: Among Gans's works the most widely known is his history entitled "Tzemach David", published first in Prague in 1592. It is divided into two parts, the first containing the annals of Jewish history, the second those of general history. The author consulted the writings of Cyriacus Spangenberg, Laurentius Faustus, Hubertus Holtzius, Georg Cassino, and Martin Borisk for the second part of his work. Gans's annals are memorable as the first work of this kind among the German Jews. In his preface to the second volume the author tries to justify writing about a "profane" subject like general history, and demonstrated that it was permitted to read history on Shabbat. "Tzemach David" was published in many editions. To the 1692 edition published in Frankfurt, David ben Moses Rheindorf added a third part containing the annals of that century, which addition has been retained in later editions of the "Tzemach". The first part of Gans's work, and extracts from the second, were translated into Latin by Wilhelm Heinrich Vorst (Leyden, 1644). It was translated also into Yiddish by Solomon Hanau (Frankfurt, 1692).

paragraph: Gans was also the author of: "Gebulat ha-Eretz", a work on cosmography, which is in all probability identical to the "Zurat ha-Eretz", published in Constantinople under the name of "David Avazi" ("Avaz" means "goose" in Hebrew, a reference to the surname "Gans", which means "goose" in German); "Magen David", an astronomical treatise, a part of which is included in the "Nechmad ve'naim" mentioned below; the mathematical works "Ma'or ha-Ḳatan", "Migdal David", and "Prozdor", which are no longer in existence; "Nechmad ve'naim" dealing with astronomy and mathematical geography, published with additions by Joel ben Jekuthiel of Glogau at Jessnitz, 1743. This work is divided into 12 chapters and 305 paragraphs. In the introduction the author gives a historical survey of the development of astronomy and mathematical geography among the nations. Although acquainted with the work of Copernicus, Gans followed the Ptolemaic system, attributing the Copernican system to the Pythagoreans. He also ventures to assert that the prophet Daniel made a mistake in computation. A Latin translation of the introduction, and a résumé made by Hebenstreit, are appended to the "Nechmad ve'naim".

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Judah Loew ben Bezalel

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jewish Encyclopedia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zemach David:A Chronicle of Jewish and World History

description: German scientist

wikidata_label: David Gans

wikipedia_title: David Gans