text: Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church

text: Archbishop of Rennes

text: cardinalate

text: Bordeaux

text: University of

text: Seminary

text: Seminary of Saint-Sulpice

text: Pontifical Gregorian University

text: ordained

text: French Army

text: World War II

text: pastoral

text: pastor

text: lycée

text: vicar general

text: archdiocese

text: Domestic Prelate of His Holiness

text: Bishop of Bayonne

text: Pope Pius XII

text: episcopal consecration

text: Archbishop Paul Richaud

text: Archbishop Joseph Martin

text: Bishop Louis Guyot

text: co-consecrators

text: Cathedral of Saint-André

text: Second Vatican Council

text: Coadjutor Archbishop

text: Rennes

text: Titular Archbishop

text: Pessinus

text: Clément-Emile Roques

text: Archbishop of Rennes

text: Pope Paul VI

text: Cardinal-Priest

text: consistory

text: cardinal electors

text: conclaves

text: August

text: October 1978

text: Popes John Paul I

text: John Paul II

text: Pax Christi

text: Little Sisters of the Poor

text: Saint-Pern

text: Catholic-Hierarchy

categories: Bishops of Bayonne,1910 births,Pontifical Gregorian University alumni,Cardinals created by Pope Paul VI,20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops,French military personnel of World War II,Participants in the Second Vatican Council,French cardinals,2000 deaths,Archbishops of Rennes,French military chaplains

paragraph: Paul Gouyon

paragraph: Paul Joseph Marie Gouyon (24 October 1910 – 26 September 2000) was a French Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Rennes from 1964 to 1985, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1969.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Paul Gouyon was born in Bordeaux, and studied at the University of and Seminary of Bordeaux. He also attended the Seminary of Saint-Sulpice in Paris, the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome, and the Catholic Institute of Paris.

paragraph: Gouyon was ordained to the priesthood on 13 March 1937, and finished his studies in 1939. After serving in the French Army during World War II from 1939 to 1940, he began pastoral work in Bordeaux, serving as pastor of Montussan and of Beychac (1940–1944), chaplain of the "lycée" Michel-Montaigne (1944–1951), and vicar general of the archdiocese. He was raised to the rank of Domestic Prelate of His Holiness on 6 April 1955.

paragraph: On 6 August 1957, Gouyon was appointed Bishop of Bayonne by Pope Pius XII. He received his episcopal consecration on the following 7 October from Archbishop Paul Richaud, with Archbishop Joseph Martin and Bishop Louis Guyot serving as co-consecrators, in the Cathedral of Saint-André. Gouyon attended the Second Vatican Council from 1962 to 1965, and was promoted to Coadjutor Archbishop of Rennes and Titular Archbishop of Pessinus on 6 August 1963. He succeeded Clément-Emile Roques as Archbishop of Rennes on 4 September 1964.

paragraph: Pope Paul VI created him Cardinal-Priest of Natività di Nostro Signore Gesù Cristo in via Gallia in the consistory of 28 April 1969. Gouyon was one of the cardinal electors who participated in the conclaves of August and October 1978, which selected Popes John Paul I and John Paul II. He was also named the national president of Pax Christi. He resigned his post as Archbishop on 15 October 1985, after a period of twenty-one years, and lost the right to participate in conclaves upon reaching the age of eighty on 24 October 1990.

paragraph: Cardinal Gouyon died in Bordeaux at age 89 and was buried in the cemetery of the Mother House of the Little Sisters of the Poor in Saint-Pern.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic-Hierarchy

description: Catholic cardinal

wikidata_label: Paul Gouyon

wikipedia_title: Paul Gouyon


text:
French
Decize
Nièvre
Châteauneuf-sur-Loire
lycée
Orléans
Lycée Lakanal
Ecole Normale Supérieure
World War I
Ceux de 14
Spanish influenza
Loire
Prix Blumenthal
Rémi des Rauches
Raboliot
Prix Goncourt
Vernelles
Loiret
Canada
Scandinavia
Mexico
Africa
Afrique blanche, Afrique noire
Académie française
Grand Prix National de Letters
Académie française
Prix Maurice Genevoix
Vaincre à Olympie
Verdun Memorial
His books
Biography

categories: Lycée Lakanal alumni,French military personnel of World War I,1980 deaths,20th-century French writers,Writers from Bourgogne-Franche-Comté,Members of the Académie française,French male writers,Prix Blumenthal,Prix Goncourt winners,People from Nièvre,20th-century male writers,1890 births

paragraph: Maurice Genevoix

paragraph: Maurice Genevoix (; 29 November 1890 – 8 September 1980) was a French author.

paragraph: Born on 29 November 1890 at Decize, Nièvre as Maurice-Charles-Louis-Genevoix, Genevoix spent his childhood in Châteauneuf-sur-Loire. After attending the local school, he studied at the lycée of Orléans and the Lycée Lakanal. Genevoix was accepted to the Ecole Normale Supérieure, being first in his class, but was soon mobilized into World War I in 1914. He was quickly promoted to a lieutenant. He participated in the bloody battles of the Les Éparges hill aswell as along the road of Tranchée de Calonne to the south east of Verdun-sur-Meuse in late 1914 and early 1915. On the 25 April 1915 he was severely wounded in action in his left arm and side in the Tranchée de Calonne sector and returned to Paris. The battle in the Meuse in which he participated, especially those at Les Éparges left a profound influence on him, and he wrote the tetralogy "Ceux de 14" (The Men of 1914), which brought him recognition among the public.

paragraph: Around 1919, Genevoix contracted Spanish influenza, causing him to move back to the Loire. He was quite prolific during his time in the Loire area, earning a Prix Blumenthal grant from the Florence Blumenthal Foundation to support him as a professional writer. It was this grant that allowed him to continue with some of his most celebrated works, "Rémi des Rauches" and "Raboliot", the latter of which earned him the Prix Goncourt.

paragraph: In 1928, his father died, and Genevoix moved to Vernelles in Loiret. At around this time, Genevoix started to travel abroad to Canada, Scandinavia, Mexico, and Africa. Canada and Africa were both admired by the writer, the latter of which he dedicated a 1949 essay to it, "Afrique blanche, Afrique noire". He was elected to the Académie française on 24 October 1946 and was formally inducted the following year. In 1950, he returned to Paris and became secretary of the Académie française in 1958. In 1970, Genevoix, who was president of the program committee of French state radio, started a television series on French writers. He was also offered the Grand Prix National de Letters. He died on 8 September 1980.

paragraph: The Académie française literary Prix Maurice Genevoix is named for him.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vaincre à Olympie

paragraph: BULLET::::- Verdun Memorial

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- His books

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography

description: French writer

wikidata_label: Maurice Genevoix

wikipedia_title: Maurice Genevoix


text:
Zaïre
Anne Claude de Caylus
Troupe of the Comédie-Française in 1752
Charles-François Racot de Grandval
data.bnf.fr

categories: 1710 births,Troupe of the Comédie-Française,18th-century French dramatists and playwrights,Writers from Paris,1784 deaths,18th-century French male actors

paragraph: Charles-François Racot de Grandval

paragraph: Charles-François Racot de Grandval (25 September 1710 – 23 October 1784) was an 18th-century French actor and playwright.

paragraph: Section::::Some works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1732: "Zaïre" (actor)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1732: "Le Bord.., ou le Jean-F..tre puni" (with Anne Claude de Caylus)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1749: "Agathe ou la Chaste princesse"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1749: "Le Pot de chambre cassé" (également attribué à son père)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1750: "Sirop-au-cul ou l'Heureuse délivrance"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1755: "Le Tempérament"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1773: "La nouvelle Messaline"

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Troupe of the Comédie-Française in 1752

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Charles-François Racot de Grandval on data.bnf.fr

wikipedia_title: Charles-François Racot de Grandval


text:
Waffen-SS
World War II
SS Division Nord
SS Division Frundsberg
List SS-Gruppenführer

categories: People from Eichstätt (district),Military personnel of Bavaria,SS-Gruppenführer,Recipients of the clasp to the Iron Cross, 1st class,German military personnel of World War I,1960 deaths,Waffen-SS personnel,1890 births,People from the Kingdom of Bavaria

paragraph: Lothar Debes

paragraph: Lothar Debes (21 June 1890 – 14 July 1960) was a German commander in the Waffen-SS during World War II. He commanded the SS Division Nord and the SS Division Frundsberg.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List SS-Gruppenführer

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yerger, Mark C. - "Waffen-SS Commanders: The Army, Corps and Divisional Leaders of a Legend : Augsberger to Kreutz" - Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing (October 1997). , .

description: German general

wikidata_label: Lothar Debes

wikipedia_title: Lothar Debes


text:
French
composer
flautist
flute
Louis XIV
Louis XV
opéra-ballet
Théâtre du Palais-Royal
comédie-ballet
prologue
Stanley Sadie

wikipedia_title: Théâtre du Palais-Royal (rue Saint-Honoré)

categories: French male classical composers,French ballet composers,1670s births,18th-century classical composers,1745 deaths,French classical composers,French Baroque composers,Musicians from Paris,French classical flautists

paragraph: Michel de la Barre

paragraph: Michel de la Barre (c. 1675 – 15 March 1745) was a French composer and renowned flautist known as being the first person to publish solo flute music. He played at the Académie Royale de Musique, the Musettes and Hautbois de Poitou and the courts of Louis XIV and Louis XV.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1694 : "Premier Livre des Trio, pour les violons, Flûtes et hautbois, par Monsieur De La Barre, Flûte de la Chambre du Roy", Paris, Christophe Ballard, 1694 ; Seconde Edition, revûë & corrigée [...], Paris, Christophe Ballard.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1700 : "Le triomphe des arts", opéra-ballet, 5 acts (without prologue), libretto by Houdar de La Motte, first performed on 16 May 1700 by the Académie Royale de Musique at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1700 : "Pièces en trio pour les violons, flustes et hautbois, composées Par le sieur De La Barre, Livre Second, […]", Paris, Christophe Ballard.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1702 : "Pièces pour la Flûte Traversière avec la Basse-Continue, […] Œuvre Quatrième, […]", Paris, Christophe Ballard.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1705 : "La vénitienne", comédie-ballet, prologue and 3 acts, libretto by Houdar de La Motte, first performed on 26 May 1705 by the Académie Royale de Musique at the Palais-Royal in Paris

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1707 : "Troisième Livre des Trio pour les violons, flûtes, et hautbois, mélez de Sonates pour la Flûte traversière, […]", Paris, Christophe Ballard.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1709 : "Air dans Airs sérieux et à boire de différents auteurs […], Christophe Ballard, mars 1709 [p. 57 ; PBN Vm7 542] : « Vous me parlez toujours d’Iris »

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1709 : "Première Suitte de Pièces à deux flûtes traversières, […]", Paris, Foucaut.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1710 : "Deuxième Suite de Pièces à deux flûtes traversières, […]", Paris, Foucaut.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1710 : "Deuxième Livre de Pièces pour la flûte traversière, Avec la Basse Continuë, […]", Paris, Foucaut.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1711 : "Troisième Suite à deux flûtes traversières sans basse, […]", Paris, Foucault.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1711 : "Quatrième [& 5] Suite [s] à deux flûtes traversières sans basse, […]", Paris, Foucault.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1713 : "Cinquième Livre contenant la Sixième, et la septième suite à deux flûtes traversières sans basse, […]", Paris, Foucault.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1714 : "Sixième Livre contenant la huitième et la neuvième Suite à deux Flûtes Traversières sans basse, […]", Paris, Foucault.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1721 : "Septième Livre contenant la Xe et la XIe Suitte de Pièces à 2 Flûtes-Traversieres fans Baße. […]", Paris, Boivin.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1722 : "Neufième Livre contenant deux Sonates à deux flûtes traversières sans Basse. […]", Paris, Boivin.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1722 : "Dixième Livre contenant 2 Suittes à deux Flûtes-Traversières sans Basse. […]", Paris, Boivin.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1722 : "Huitième Livre, contenant Deux Suites pour la flûte traversière avec la basse, […]", Paris, Boivin.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1724 : "Recueil d’airs à boire à deux parties…

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1725 : "Douzième Livre contenant Deux Suites à deux Flûtes Traversières fans Basse. […]", Paris, Boivin.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Benoît, Marcelle. 1971. "Musiques de cour: chapelle, chambre, écurie, 1661-1733". Paris: Picard.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bowers, Jane M. 2001. "La Barre, Michel de". "The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians", second edition, edited by Stanley Sadie and John Tyrrell. London: Macmillan Publishers.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Huskinson, John. 1977. "'Les Ordinaires de la Musique du Roi': Michel de La Barre, Marin Marais et les Hotteterre, d'après un tableau du début du XVIIIe siècle". "Recherches sur la musique française classique" 17:15–30.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sillanolli, Marie-Hélène. 1984. "La vie et l’œuvre de Michel de La Barre, flûtiste de la chambre et compositeur du roi". Paris: thèse de 3e cycle de Sorbonne.

description: French composer and flautist

wikidata_label: Michel de la Barre

wikipedia_title: Michel de la Barre


text:
Antwerp
Antwerp
painter
Guild of Saint Luke
Italy
Jacobus Ferdinandus Saey
Peter Schubart von Ehrenberg
engraver
stage designer
Vienna
Hendrik van Minderhout
Gaspar de Witte
Hieronymus Janssens
Charles Emmanuel Biset
Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium
Brussels
Baroque
Dutch Golden Age
Pieter Jansz Saenredam
Emanuel de Witte
staffage
Frans Francken the Younger
Jan Brueghel the Elder
Jan Brueghel the Younger
Cornelis de Baellieur
Hans Jordaens
David Teniers the Younger
Hieronymus Janssens
Montargis
Alte Pinakothek
Munich
Theodoor Boeyermans
Pieter Boel
Jan Cossiers
Cornelis de Heem
Robert van den Hoecke
Philips Augustijn Immenraet
Jacob Jordaens
Pieter Thijs
Lucas van Uden
Charles Emmanuel Biset
Jacob de Formentrou
Royal Collection

wikipedia_title:
Antwerp
Antwerp
Painting
Guild of Saint Luke
Italy
Jacobus Ferdinandus Saey
Peter Schubart von Ehrenberg
Engraving
Scenic design
Vienna
Hendrik van Minderhout
Gaspar de Witte
Hieronymus Janssens
Charles Emmanuel Biset
Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium
Brussels
Baroque
Dutch Golden Age painting
Pieter Jansz. Saenredam
Emanuel de Witte
Staffage
Frans Francken the Younger
Jan Brueghel the Elder
Jan Brueghel the Younger
Cornelis de Baellieur
Hans Jordaens
David Teniers the Younger
Hieronymus Janssens
Montargis
Alte Pinakothek
Munich
Theodoor Boeyermans
Pieter Boel
Jan Cossiers
Cornelis de Heem
Robert van den Hoecke
Philips Augustijn Immenraet
Jacob Jordaens
Pieter Thijs
Lucas van Uden
Charles Emmanuel Biset
Jacob de Formentrou
Royal Collection

categories: Flemish printmakers,People from Antwerp,Flemish genre painters,Flemish Baroque painters,Members of the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke,Flemish landscape painters

paragraph: Wilhelm Schubert van Ehrenberg

paragraph: Wilhelm Schubert van Ehrenberg or Willem Schubart van Ehrenberg (also: Wilhem Schubert von Ehrenberg or Wilhem Schubert van Ehrenberg (Antwerp, 1630 or 1637– Antwerp, c. 1676) was a Flemish painter mainly active in Antwerp who specialized in architectural paintings including of real and imaginary church interiors, Renaissance palaces and picture galleries.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Most likely born in Antwerp where his baptism is recorded on 12 May 1630 (despite an unnamed source stating he was born in Germany), he entered the Antwerp Guild of Saint Luke in 1662. He resided in Antwerp for most of his life. It is possible he travelled to Italy as he made drawings of Italian subjects.

paragraph: The date of his death is not known with certainty and is believed to have occurred between 1687 (the latest date of one of his dated works) and 1707.

paragraph: He was the teacher of the painter of architecture paintings Jacobus Ferdinandus Saey.

paragraph: His son Peter Schubart von Ehrenberg was also an artist who had a successful career as a painter, engraver and stage designer in Vienna.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: Section::::Work.:General.

paragraph: The majority of van Ehrenberg's pictures were painted between 1660 and 1670. He often collaborated with other artists who added the figures or animals. This was a common practice in 17th century Antwerp. His collaborators included Hendrik van Minderhout, Gaspar de Witte, Hieronymus Janssens and Charles Emmanuel Biset.

paragraph: Section::::Work.:Architectural works.

paragraph: Van Ehrenberg painted many architectural paintings usually of imaginary church interiors, temples, palaces and art galleries.

paragraph: Paintings such as the "Interior of the Saint-Carolus-Borromeus Church in Antwerp" (1667; Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium, Brussels) emphasize the Baroque architecture of the space depicted, but are more artificial than his Dutch Golden Age contemporaries such as Pieter Jansz Saenredam or Emanuel de Witte. His "" stands in the tradition of Antwerp architecture art from the first half of the 17th century. However, the spatial effect in the oeuvre of van Ehrenberg is stronger. He showed a particular preference for the fantastic and pathetic, which he emphasized further with light-dark contrasts and a staffage of almost dwarfish figures (often painted by other artists).

paragraph: Of particular interest are a set of paintings representing the Seven Wonders of the World such as the "" and "" (both in the Musée Henri Dupuis Saint-Omer) and the two paintings of "" (both in Oxford College Anon II, University of Oxford).

paragraph: Section::::Work.:Gallery paintings.

paragraph: Wilhelm Schubert van Ehrenberg worked also in the genre of the 'gallery paintings'. The 'gallery paintings' genre is native to Antwerp where Frans Francken the Younger and Jan Brueghel the Elder were the first artists to create paintings of art and curiosity collections in the 1620s. Gallery paintings depict large rooms in which many paintings and other precious items are displayed in elegant surroundings. The earliest works in this genre depicted art objects together with other items such as scientific instruments or peculiar natural specimens. The genre became immediately quite popular and was followed by other artists such as Jan Brueghel the Younger, Cornelis de Baellieur, Hans Jordaens, David Teniers the Younger, Gillis van Tilborch and Hieronymus Janssens. The art galleries depicted were either real galleries or imaginary galleries, sometimes with allegorical figures.

paragraph: An example of van Ehrenberg's work in this genre is the "" (Musée Girodet, Montargis). This is a collaboration with Gaspar de Witte and Hieronymus Janssens. The composition depicts an imaginary art gallery with many visitors who are appreciating and discussing some of the artworks in the gallery. This gallery painting represents a later development in the genre initiated by David Teniers the Younger, which excludes non-art objects from the gallery. The figures in the gallery painting are portrayed as forming part of an elite who possess privileged knowledge of art. The genre of gallery paintings had by that time become a medium to accentuate the notion that the powers of discernment associated with connoisseurship are socially superior to or more desirable than other forms of knowing.

paragraph: The "" (Alte Pinakothek, Munich) dated to 1666 falls into the category of allegorical picture galleries, which can be considered a sub-category of the imaginary art gallery type. This composition depicts a large imaginary gallery in which are present a number of persons admiring and scrutinizing artworks and, on the right hand side, figures representing gods and allegorical figures. The painting is a collaboration with each of the individual painters whose work is depicted in the painting and have signed their own work: Theodoor Boeyermans (Daughters of Cecrops and Erychtonius), Pieter Boel (Animal Piece), Jan Cossiers (Diana and Actaeon), Cornelis de Heem (Fruit Still Life), Robert van den Hoecke (Winter Landscape), Philips Augustijn Immenraet (Italianate Landscape), Jacob Jordaens (Gyges and Kandaules and Allegory of Painting), Pieter Thijs (Adoration of the Shepherds), Lucas van Uden (Landscape) and the monogrammists missed PB (Fish Still Life) and PVI or PVH (Satyr and Nymph). Van Ehrenberg painted the architecture as well as the ceiling (which is made up of copies of Rubens’ works for the Carolus Borromeuskerk in Antwerp) (later destroyed in a fire). The figures are probably by Charles Emmanuel Biset. Other such collaborations between multiple Antwerp painters on picture gallery paintings are recorded. Another example is Jacob de Formentrou’s "Cabinet of pictures" (also known as "Art lovers in a painting cabinet"), part of the collection of the Royal Collection. Such paintings can be read as a reference to connoisseurship, and in particular the connoisseur's activity of evaluating the authorship of paintings based on stylistic characteristics. It can also be regarded as a carefully crafted advertisement of the present talent and past legacy of the Antwerp school of painting.

alias: Wilhelm Schubert Van Ehrenberg Ehrenberg

alias: Wilhelm Schubert Van Ehrenberg Eerenberch

alias: Wilhelm Schubert Van Ehrenberg Aerdenberg

alias: Wilhelm Schubert Van Ehrenberg Herdenberg

alias: Wilhelm Schubert Van Ehrenberg Hardenberg

description: painter

wikidata_label: Willem Schubart von Ehrenberg

wikipedia_title: Wilhelm Schubert van Ehrenberg


text:
Paralympian
athlete
Bulgaria
2004 Summer Paralympics
Athens
Greece
2008 Summer Paralympics
Beijing
China

categories: Athletes (track and field) at the 2008 Summer Paralympics,Medalists at the 2012 Summer Paralympics,Paralympic athletes of Bulgaria,Athletes (track and field) at the 2012 Summer Paralympics,Medalists at the 2008 Summer Paralympics,1975 births,Bulgarian female discus throwers,Paralympic silver medalists for Bulgaria,Athletes (track and field) at the 2004 Summer Paralympics,World record holders in Paralympic athletics,Living people,Bulgarian female shot putters

paragraph: Stela Eneva

paragraph: Stela Eneva () (born 18 July 1975) is a Paralympian athlete from Bulgaria competing mainly in throwing events.

paragraph: She competed at the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens, Greece. There she competed in the F42-46 discus throw, shot put and javelin throw events but failed to win any medals.

paragraph: She had more luck when she competed in the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China. There she won a silver medal in the women's F57-58 discus throw event but could not medal in the shot put. She also won silver at the 2012 Paralympics in London.

description: Bulgarian paralympic athlete

wikidata_label: Stela Eneva

wikipedia_title: Stela Eneva


text:
Reverend
astronomer
Rev
Oxford
Magdalen College
Anglican Church
Monmouth
Gloucester
Hardwicke
Wales
astronomical observation
vicarage
parsonage
refractors
T. H. E. C. Espin
Burnham's
Dover Publications
Margaret W. Mayall
3041 Webb
Webb
The Webb Deep-Sky Society
T.W. Webb's Deep Sky Objects
MNRAS 46 (1886) 198

categories: 1885 deaths,Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford,British astronomers,19th-century astronomers,1807 births

paragraph: Thomas William Webb

paragraph: The Reverend Thomas William Webb (14 December 1807 – 19 May 1885) was a British astronomer. Some sources give his year of birth as 1806. The only son of a clergyman, the Rev. John Webb, he was raised and educated by his father, his mother having died while Thomas was a small child. He went to Oxford where he attended Magdalen College. In 1829 was ordained a minister in the Anglican Church. He was married to Henrietta Montague in 1843, daughter of Mr. Arthur Wyatt, Monmouth. Mrs. Webb died on 7 September 1884, and after a year of declining health Thomas died on 19 May 1885.

paragraph: Through his career T. W. Webb served as a clergyman at various places including Gloucester, and finally in 1852 was assigned to the parish of Hardwicke near the border with Wales. In addition to serving faithfully the members of his parish, T. W. Webb pursued astronomical observation in his spare time. On the grounds of the vicarage or parsonage he built a small canvas and wood observatory that was home to instruments including a small 3.7" (94mm) refractor. Webb acquired progressively larger refractors and reflectors with which the observations in the guide were made. The largest telescope was a 9-1/3" (225mm) silver on glass reflector used from 1866 until his last observation in March 1885. It was at Hardwick that he wrote his classic astronomical observing guide "Celestial Objects for Common Telescopes" in 1859 for which he is best known today. This work was written as a guide for the amateur astronomer, containing instructions on the use of a telescope as well as detailed descriptions of what could be observed with it. After Webb’s death it was revised by T. H. E. C. Espin (1858-1934) and expanded to two volumes. This work became the standard observing guide of amateur astronomers worldwide, and remained so until well into the 20th Century, gradually supplanted by more modern guides such as Burnham's "Celestial Handbook."

paragraph: The title's reference to "common telescopes" refers to refractors of 3 to 6 inches and the somewhat larger reflectors that were commonly available to the amateur observers of the day.

paragraph: "Celestial Objects for Common Telescopes" was first published in 1859. It was continually published through to the 6th edition in 1917. In 1962, the reprinted edition was published by Dover Publications, Inc., edited and revised by Margaret W. Mayall. The 1962 edition is still readily available and widely used, while earlier editions have become collectors items and are quite rare.

paragraph: Asteroid 3041 Webb and lunar crater "Webb" were named after him.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Webb Deep-Sky Society

paragraph: BULLET::::- T.W. Webb's Deep Sky Objects

paragraph: Section::::External links.:Obituaries.

paragraph: BULLET::::- MNRAS 46 (1886) 198

description: British astronomer

wikidata_label: Thomas William Webb

wikipedia_title: Thomas William Webb


text: U.S. Open

text: European Tour

text: top ten of the world rankings

text: World Golf Hall of Fame

text: Pietersburg

text: amateur

text: lightning

text: Golf World

text: European Tour

text: Qualifying School

text: U.S. Open

text: Southern Hills Country Club

text: PGA Championship

text: Mark Brooks

text: The Scottish Open at Loch Lomond

text: European Tour Order of Merit

text: PGA Tour

text: U.S. Open

text: Shinnecock Hills Golf Club

text: Transitions Championship

text: Slaley Hall Northumberland Challenge

text: Alfred Dunhill Cup

text: Ernie Els

text: David Frost

text: 2000 Presidents Cup

text: 2001 U.S. Open

text: The Scottish Open at Loch Lomond

text: Mark Brooks

text: Stewart Cink

text: Johnnie Walker Classic

text: Tiger Woods

text: The Masters

text: Northern Ireland's

text: Darren Clarke

text: BellSouth Classic

text: Trophee Lancome

text: Chrysler Championship

text: Presidents Cup

text: Tiger Woods

text: Ernie Els

text: Gary Player

text: Jack Nicklaus

text: 2004 U.S. Open

text: Shinnecock Hills

text: USGA

text: Phil Mickelson

text: Tiger Woods

text: Vijay Singh

text: Ernie Els

text: Phil Mickelson

text: Official World Golf Ranking

text: Tour Championship

text: Tiger Woods

text: Pinehurst No. 2

text: The Masters

text: The Open Championship

text: PGA Championship

text: The International

text: Brandt Jobe

text: Presidents Cup

text: Tiger Woods

text: PGA Tour

text: Official World Golf Ranking

text: The Players Championship

text: Stephen Ames

text: South African Airways Open

text: Volkswagen Masters-China

text: Asian Tour

text: People vs. The Pros

text: Qatar Masters

text: The Masters

text: Zach Johnson

text: 2007 Presidents Cup

text: Royal Montreal Golf Club

text: Montreal

text: Quebec

text: Jim Furyk

text: Qatar Masters

text: WGC-CA Championship

text: WGC-CA Championship

text: WGC-Bridgestone Invitational

text: Vijay Singh

text: Tiger Woods

text: 2008 U.S. Open

text: Vijay Singh

text: Asian Tour

text: Iskandar Johor Open

text: Sunshine Tour

text: Africa Open

text: Buick Invitational

text: AT&T Pebble Beach National Pro-Am

text: PGA Tour

text: Transitions Championship

text: Innisbrook Resort and Golf Club

text: Palm Harbor

text: Charles Howell III

text: Brett Quigley

text: Gary Player

text: Official World Golf Ranking

text: U.S. Open

text: Bethpage Black

text: Munich, Germany

text: BMW International Open

text: Bernhard Langer

text: Nick Dougherty

text: The Open Championship

text: Barclays Scottish Open

text: Loch Lomond Golf Club

text: Adam Scott

text: 2009 Open Championship

text: Turnberry

text: Stewart Cink

text: Tom Watson

text: RBC Canadian Open

text: Nathan Green

text: 2009 FedEx Cup Playoffs

text: Deutsche Bank Championship

text: Sean O'Hair

text: Steve Stricker

text: Portugal Masters

text: Iskandar Johor Open

text: Volvo World Match Play Championship

text: WGC-HSBC Champions

text: SBS Championship

text: Sony Open in Hawaii

text: Qatar Masters

text: Camilo Villegas

text: WGC-Accenture Match Play Championship

text: Transitions Championship

text: Arnold Palmer Invitational

text: Quail Hollow Championship

text: The Players Championship

text: BMW PGA Championship

text: St. Jude Classic

text: U.S. Open

text: Telus World Skins Game

text: Travelers Championship

text: 2010 Open Championship

text: St Andrews

text: WGC-Bridgestone Invitational

text: BMW Championship

text: The Tour Championship

text: Jim Furyk

text: 2010 FedEx Cup Playoffs

text: Ernie Els

text: South African Open

text: The Open Championship

text: PGA Championship

text: Africa Open

text: Joburg Open

text: Ernie Els

text: Volvo Golf Champions

text: Branden Grace

text: Race to Dubai

text: Volvo Golf Champions

text: Qatar Masters

text: AT&T National

text: The Players Championship

text: Frys.com Open

text: Northern Trust Open

text: PGA Tour Champions

text: World Golf Hall of Fame

text: Bridgestone Senior Players Championship

text: Firestone Country Club

text: Akron, Ohio

text: Jay Haas

text: Tim Petrovic

text: Virginia Water

text: Surrey

text: Lake Nona Golf & Country Club

text: Orlando, Florida

text: Polokwane

text: Nelson Mandela Invitational

text: Nelson Mandela

text: Allan Henning

text: Bobby Lincoln

text: Costantino Rocca

text: George, South Africa

text: Johannesburg

text: Mokopane

text: Cape Town

text: Asian Tour

text: European Tour

text: Nelson Mandela Invitational

text: Allan Henning

text: WGC-World Cup

text: Ernie Els

text: Nedbank Golf Challenge

text: Nelson Mandela Invitational

text: Bobby Lincoln

text: Riffa Views Skins Game

text: World Cup

text: Alfred Dunhill Cup

text: Alfred Dunhill Challenge

text: Presidents Cup

text: Tavistock Cup

text: Farmers Insurance Open

text: List of golfers with most PGA Tour wins

text: List of golfers with most European Tour wins

text: List of golfers with most Sunshine Tour wins

text: List of men's major championships winning golfers

text: List of African golfers

text: People vs. The Pros

text: Monday Night Golf

text: Articles from around the world on Retief Goosen

categories: Afrikaner people,South African expatriate sportspeople in the United States,PGA Tour Champions golfers,1969 births,South African male golfers,PGA Tour golfers,People from Virginia Water,Winners of men's major golf championships,White South African people,World Golf Hall of Fame inductees,Sunshine Tour golfers,People from Pietersburg,South African people of Dutch descent,European Tour golfers,Sportspeople from Orlando, Florida,South African expatriate sportspeople in the United Kingdom

paragraph: Retief Goosen

paragraph: Retief Goosen (born 3 February 1969) is a South African professional golfer. His main achievements were winning two U.S. Open, in 2001 and 2004, and heading the European Tour Order of Merit in 2001 and 2002. He was in the top ten of the world rankings for over 250 weeks between 2001 and 2007. He was elected to the World Golf Hall of Fame, class of 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Goosen was born in Pietersburg (now Polokwane), South Africa. He is the son of Theo Goosen, a local real estate agent and amateur golfer who introduced the game of golf to Retief at an early age. Theo took a strict approach to parenting. "Look, I never made life easy for my kids," said Theo "We never spoiled them. We never pleasurized them." Goosen even admits that his father put pressure on him.

paragraph: When Goosen was fifteen he was golfing with his friend, Henri Potgieter, at Pietersburg Golf Club. They were playing through a small drizzle when lightning struck Goosen. Potgieter was knocked from his feet and when he stood back up saw Retief lying on the ground on his back. Potgieter retold the story to "Golf World" "I wanted to know his reaction. What I did see was his golf clubs and his golf bag. Then I saw him lying on his back. His tongue was down his throat and his eyes were backward, and he was breathing weird. He had no clothes on; they'd been burned from his body. I remember picking up his spectacles. I didn't know what to do. It looked like he was dead. I was screaming for help. Fortunately, there were guys teeing off on the 12th hole. They came running toward us. From then on, I can't remember much. They picked him up and put him in a car." Goosen's shoes had disintegrated from his feet, his underwear and watch band had melted to his body. He retains a scar on his wrist from the incident. He was unable to put his shoes on for weeks afterwards. He recovered enough to grab another set of clubs and take up the game a few weeks later. Goosen doesn't remember the events that happened, but his father took his son's survival as a sign from God of good things to come.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.:At a glance.

paragraph: Goosen turned professional in October 1990, following a win in the South African Amateur Championship of the same year in July. He was medalist at the European Tour's Qualifying School in 1992 and enjoyed success on the Tour between 1992 and 2000, but it was not until 2001 that he made his name in America with a U.S. Open win on a very tough Southern Hills Country Club golf course. He nearly lost his chance at victory after three putting from 12 feet, missing a two-foot put on the final green, but managed to recover to make a playoff with the 1996 PGA Championship winner Mark Brooks. Goosen dominated the next day's 18-hole playoff, eventually winning by two strokes. Later that summer, he completed his second wire-to-wire victory of the year at The Scottish Open at Loch Lomond. He finished 2001 with three wins, 11 top-tens and the European Tour Order of Merit and followed it up with another in 2002. He also became the first non-European to win the Order of Merit. After his third win of the 2001 season, he rose to a career-high 11th in the world rankings. In 2002, he won on both the PGA Tour and European Tour for the second straight year, a feat that would last for three more years. He won a second U.S. Open in 2004, where he had 11 one-putts in the final round at a tough test at Shinnecock Hills Golf Club. He then rose to his career high world ranking position of 3rd. He won on the PGA Tour each year from 2001 to 2005 with six wins, and he added a seventh win in March 2009 at the Transitions Championship.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.:1992–2001.

paragraph: After winning medalist at the European Tour's Q-School in 1992, Goosen played 3 seasons before winning his first event in 1996 at the Slaley Hall Northumberland Challenge. He won the Alfred Dunhill Cup in 1997 and 1998 with Ernie Els and David Frost.

paragraph: Goosen played in the 2000 Presidents Cup where the U.S. team won, but Goosen scored 2 points in total in his 1st appearance in the event.

paragraph: Goosen won four times on the European Tour between 1996 and 2000, before his breakthrough year in the United States with his 2001 U.S. Open win.

paragraph: Two weeks after the U.S. Open win of 2001, Goosen won on the European Tour at The Scottish Open at Loch Lomond. This win secured Goosen the Player of the Month for June 2001 on the European Tour. He would add another win late in the year and win the European Tour Order of Merit and the Player of the Year on the European Tour.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.:2001: The first U.S. Open.

paragraph: Goosen was in contention in the U.S. Open in 2001 all week, and battled Mark Brooks and Stewart Cink during the final round. After Brooks had posted 4 under par, and Goosen was at 5 under coming up 18, Cink had a chance to win until he three-putted the 71st hole, leaving the battle for the trophy a two-man race between Brooks and Goosen. After Goosen hit his approach to 12 feet on 18, he had 2 putts to win and victory seemed imminent. Goosen put his first putt past the hole and was left with 22 inches for victory, but pushed the second putt across the right edge of the cup and was forced to make a putt longer than the one previous to force a playoff with Brooks.

paragraph: Goosen won the Monday 18-hole playoff by 2 strokes with an even-par 70 and Brooks shooting a 2-over-par 72. It was Goosen's first victory on U.S. soil. He would finish 47th on the PGA Tour money list with over $1,047,000 in a restricted season shared between the PGA and European Tours.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.:2002–2003.

paragraph: A good stretch for Goosen. He won the European Tour Order of Merit for a second straight year for a season that included a win at the Johnnie Walker Classic by a commanding margin of 8 strokes. He had eight other top-10s on the season, two runner-up finishes, including a 2nd place to Tiger Woods at The Masters. Goosen won the money title in the end by a slim margin over Northern Ireland's Darren Clarke. Goosen would also grab his second win in the U.S. at the BellSouth Classic in April on the PGA Tour.

paragraph: In 2003, Goosen won his second Trophee Lancome title in its final playing. It was his lone win on the European Tour in 2003, though he had five other top-10s on the season. 2003 was the first season where he played most of his events in the United States. He picked up his 3rd tour win at the Chrysler Championship in October. His 2003 season included 17 of 19 cuts made, 9 top-10s, a win and over $3,100,000 in earnings.

paragraph: Goosen played in the Presidents Cup for the International team where he scored 3 points for the week that ended with a tie because Tiger Woods and Ernie Els were involved in a playoff that was not over at sundown, so captains Gary Player and Jack Nicklaus decided that the 2003 matches would be a draw.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.:2004: The second U.S. Open.

paragraph: Goosen's second major title came at the 2004 U.S. Open at Shinnecock Hills. The USGA had prepared extremely tough conditions which were later argued by players as "unfair." The final-round scoring average of 78.7 was the second-highest since World War II, with only Goosen and Phil Mickelson finishing under par. He eventually won by two strokes over Mickelson as both men shot 1-over-par rounds of 71. Goosen had 11 one-putt greens on Sunday and 31 one-putts for the championship. He only needed 24 putts on the day in what is remembered as one of the most clutch putting performances in U.S. Open history. 2004 was the start of the "Big Five Era" which is used in describing the era in golf where Tiger Woods, Vijay Singh, Ernie Els, Retief Goosen, and Phil Mickelson dominated the game of golf. The five switched up and down the top five positions in the Official World Golf Ranking; most notably Singh's derailing of Woods as the number one golfer in the world. The five stayed, for the most part in the top five spots from 2004 till the start of 2007. Nine majors were won between them many fighting against each other head to head.

paragraph: Goosen would win the Tour Championship in November 2004, coming from four strokes behind on the final round with a 6-under-par 64 to win by four strokes over Tiger Woods. It was his second Tour win on the season and it secured him a career high 6th-place finish on the 2004 money list.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.:2005–2006.

paragraph: In 2005 Goosen was in pursuit of his third U.S. Open and his second in a row, leading by three strokes after three rounds of golf at the Pinehurst No. 2 course. However, he disappeared in the final round with a score of 81 and he ended up finishing in 11th place. In an interview after his round Goosen said "I messed up badly. I obviously threw this one away."

paragraph: Even though Goosen "threw away" the U.S. Open in 2005 finishing T11, it was his worst finish in a major in 2005, finishing T3 at The Masters, T5 at The Open Championship and a T6 at the PGA Championship. he would win The International by one point over Brandt Jobe for his 6th career win. His 2005 season included 8 top 10s, and over $3.4 million in earnings.

paragraph: Goosen played in his 3rd Presidents Cup in 2005, at an event where he defeated Tiger Woods in Sunday's singles matches and finished with 4 points. The final score was 18½–15½ for the United States.

paragraph: Goosen has been a consistent player: he has won internationally every year since 1995, and also won a PGA Tour event every year from 2001 to 2005. Additionally, he has spent a long period of time in the top 5 of the Official World Golf Ranking, and in 2006 reached a career-best third place after a runner-up finish at The Players Championship to Stephen Ames and 5 other top 10s on the season. He also won on the European Tour at the South African Airways Open and at the Volkswagen Masters-China on the Asian Tour. He also won his match during the challenge season at the People vs. The Pros event. But from early 2007 to late 2008 he had had a dip in performance.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.:2007–2008: Career low.

paragraph: 2007 was an average season for Goosen's standards; a victory at the Qatar Masters in January – when he finished birdie-eagle for the win, looked to be a sign of things to come along with being the European Tour player of the month in January. Goosen posed a threat on the final day at The Masters. He held the lead till a bogey on the par-three twelve, Goosen failed to rebound parring each of his six remaining holes. He finished tied for second, two behind Zach Johnson. However, after the Masters Goosen's best finish throughout the rest of the year was a tie for 15th at the BMW Asian Open, and he ended 2007 having slumped down to 26th in the world rankings.

paragraph: Goosen's statistics on the PGA Tour at this time were surprisingly low. He was outside the top 100 in ball striking, greens in regulation, driving accuracy, distance, and putting. But this was due mainly, Goosen said, to the swing changes he had made, his hiring a swing coach for the first time in his career, and how he had lost all confidence in his game.

paragraph: He was again a part of the International team at the 2007 Presidents Cup at the Royal Montreal Golf Club, just outside Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It was his fourth appearance in the event. He finished the week with 2 points, including a singles win of 2&1 over Jim Furyk on Sunday.

paragraph: At the start of 2008, Goosen withdrew from the Qatar Masters as defending champion due to problems with his vision after undergoing corrective laser surgery ten days before the tournament began. He was forced to return to his home in London, England for further treatment. In March, he showed a form that had left him for almost a year and resulted in a tie for second at the WGC-CA Championship. He putted exceptionally well thanks to his old "Yes!" putter he won both his U.S. Open titles with and named "Tracy" after his wife.

paragraph: Before the tournament Goosen was ranked 40th in the world, which was the lowest he had been ranked since 10 June 2001 (a week before the U.S. Open). His best finish in 2009 other than the runner-up at the WGC-CA Championship, was at the other stroke play WGC event, the WGC-Bridgestone Invitational, where he finished T4, two strokes behind winner Vijay Singh. It was his second of two top five finishes on the season. Although showing some signs of his old self, Goosen had a very inconsistent year finishing 72nd on the PGA Tour money list. In June 2008, he made controversial comments about fellow golfer Tiger Woods, alleging that Woods was faking the severity of his injuries at the 2008 U.S. Open. Goosen apologized for the comments saying he was not being serious when he made the claim.

paragraph: His game was on the rise in late 2008. Late in the 2008 season Goosen replaced Vijay Singh because of injury in the Asian Tour's Iskandar Johor Open. Goosen won the tournament for his only win of 2008. The win also extended his streak of winning a professional golf event every year since 1995.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.:2009: Career resurgence.

paragraph: Goosen continued his good form from late 2008 into 2009. With two international wins in three months, it was a sign of good form to come throughout the season.

paragraph: He started his 2009 season with two wins on two major tours. Goosen won his second event in four worldwide starts on the Sunshine Tour, at the Africa Open in January, where he came from behind with a final round 65 on Sunday to win by one stroke over four players and take the trophy. Goosen said he'd been struggling with his putting for the last few seasons, he put a belly putter in his bag for a few weeks to "get his stroke back". He played with it for 3 weeks in January and February, starting at the Buick Invitational. He played well with it at the AT&T Pebble Beach National Pro-Am, where he was the 36-hole leader. He went on to finish 3rd for the rained-out 54-hole event. He then won his seventh PGA Tour title at the Transitions Championship in March 2009. He made only five bogeys all week on the tough Copperhead Course at Innisbrook Resort and Golf Club in Palm Harbor, Florida. He shot all four rounds under par, and finished at −8, to win by one stroke over Charles Howell III and Brett Quigley. His putting was exceptional during that week, making 55 of 55 putts from 5 feet and less, including a -foot putt for par on 18 for the win that fell in the left edge of the cup. Goosen credited Gary Player with inspiring him to rededicate himself to a new diet and fitness program. This win vaulted Goosen to number 22 in the Official World Golf Ranking, his highest position since November 2007.

paragraph: With his rededication to his game with his work with his swing coach, his newfound fitness regime and his renewed, refreshed sense of confidence, Goosen dramatically improved his statistics in 2009 from those of the 2007–2008 seasons before. He moved from driving distance from outside the top 100 to 82nd, to inside the top 40 in putting, 20th in scoring average and 49th in the all-around statistic.

paragraph: After a tie for 16th place at the U.S. Open at Bethpage Black, Goosen was in contention the very next week in Munich, Germany at the BMW International Open. He led after the first three rounds at 17 under par, two ahead of Bernhard Langer and three ahead of Nick Dougherty. On Sunday, Goosen did not putt as well as he did the first three rounds, only managing a 1-under 71. He finished the week in 3rd, four strokes behind eventual winner Dougherty.

paragraph: After a week off, Goosen was in contention the week before The Open Championship at the Barclays Scottish Open at Loch Lomond Golf Club in Glasgow. After a first round of 3-under par 68, he shot a second round 63, which was started by an un-Goosen like opening tee shot. He pulled out a 3-wood off the first tee, and barely got the ball airborne as Goosen topped it and put it in the right rough, as a couple of grouse scuttled for cover. It would not shake the unflappable Goosen as he would shoot a second round 63 to pull two clear of Adam Scott after two rounds. He shot a disappointing final round of 73 to finish in a tie for 6th.

paragraph: Goosen added a 3rd top-10 finish in as many starts worldwide at the 2009 Open Championship at Turnberry. He contended for most of the week and had a share of the lead momentarily during the 3rd round. He finished the event in a tie for 5th, 2 strokes out of the playoff between Stewart Cink and Tom Watson. Goosen almost picked up his second PGA Tour win of the season at the RBC Canadian Open the following week. Goosen faced Nathan Green in a playoff after the two players shot −18 after four rounds of play. Goosen had a six-foot birdie putt to win the tournament on the first playoff hole but missed it. Green had a twelve-foot birdie putt to win the tournament on the second hole and missed it but it would not matter. Goosen had to sink a nine-foot par putt to extend the playoff but he missed it, giving Green his first PGA Tour victory.

paragraph: Goosen had another close call at victory during the 2009 FedEx Cup Playoffs at the Deutsche Bank Championship, where he was the 54-hole co-leader with Sean O'Hair and Steve Stricker, but he shot a final round of Even Par to finish T8.

paragraph: Goosen added 4 consecutive top 10 finishes in October and November; 6th at the Portugal Masters, 3rd at the Iskandar Johor Open, where he shot a third round 62, 9th at the Volvo World Match Play Championship and 10th at the WGC-HSBC Champions.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.:2010.

paragraph: Goosen started his 2010 campaign in January with 3 consecutive top-10 finishes. He finished 6th at the SBS Championship, 4th at the Sony Open in Hawaii and 9th at the Qatar Masters. Goosen added a quarterfinal loss to Camilo Villegas in February at the WGC-Accenture Match Play Championship, his best appearance in the event since 2006. Goosen had a good title defense at the Transitions Championship in March, where he finished 5th. A week later at the Arnold Palmer Invitational, Goosen finished in a tie for 4th, his fifth top-10 in seven 2010 PGA Tour events, and his 11th top-10 finish in his last 14 events worldwide. The 4th-place finish moved Goosen to 15th in the Official World Golf Ranking.

paragraph: On 27 April 2010, Goosen broke his toe while playing with his children. /The injury caused Goosen to miss the Quail Hollow Championship and The Players Championship. On 18 May, in an incident separate to his toe injury, Goosen injured his hand. This injury caused Goosen to miss the BMW PGA Championship, one of the premier events on the European Tour. Goosen returned to the PGA Tour in June at the St. Jude Classic, the week before the U.S. Open. He finished T15 at the St. Jude Classic. After the U.S. Open, Goosen flew to Canada to play in the Telus World Skins Game, where he won 5 skins. Two days after that, he played in the Travelers Championship, where he finished T5, his 6th top-10 finish of the season.

paragraph: At the 2010 Open Championship at St Andrews, Goosen finished 6th, breaking par in all four rounds. It was Goosen's 7th top-10 finish of the season. Goosen had his first top-3 finish of the season in August at the WGC-Bridgestone Invitational, his 8th top-10 of the season.

paragraph: After a 7th-place finish at the BMW Championship, Goosen played in the final group on Sunday at The Tour Championship with eventual winner Jim Furyk. Goosen finished 3rd on his own. Goosen finished 10th in the final standings of the 2010 FedEx Cup Playoffs. He finished his 2010 PGA Tour season with 10 top-10s, and over $3.2 million in earnings.

paragraph: In December, Goosen finished runner-up to Ernie Els at the South African Open in Durban. Goosen finished at 24 under par, one stroke behind Els.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.:2011.

paragraph: Despite a strong start to the season, with two top-3 finishes by January, Goosen ended the year with his worst season since 1995. Goosen withdrew from both The Open Championship and the PGA Championship after poor first rounds, citing injuries. Goosen had to deal with back injuries for the entire second half of the 2011 season. At the end of the year, he had dropped out of the top 50 in the world rankings for the first time in over a decade.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.:2012.

paragraph: Goosen started his 2012 campaign on the European Tour with three consecutive starts in January in South Africa. He finished 3rd in the Africa Open, and 16th in the Joburg Open before finishing tied second with Ernie Els in the Volvo Golf Champions, losing to winner Branden Grace in a playoff. Through the first three weeks of season, Goosen was second in the Race to Dubai.

paragraph: For the first time since 1999, Goosen did not play in the Masters, as he was outside the Top 50 in the OWGR.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.:2013.

paragraph: Goosen started his 2013 campaign internationally, finishing 20th at the Volvo Golf Champions and missing the cut at the Qatar Masters. Goosen made 9 starts on the PGA tour making 6 cuts, including 9th at AT&T National. He would reinjure his back at The Players Championship causing him to withdraw from the tournament. After months of time off, Goosen returned to action on the European Tour in September for two tournaments, finishing 63rd and 66th.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.:2014: Comeback.

paragraph: Goosen showed hopeful signs during the 2013–14 season. Focused only on the PGA Tour, Goosen made 19 of the 26 cuts, including 14 straight cuts to finish the season, while earning over $825k.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.:2014–15 season.

paragraph: Goosen started off the 2014–15 PGA Tour season with a 3rd-place finish at the Frys.com Open. Goosen finished 2014 making 2 out of 3 cuts, finishing 33rd at the CIMB Classic and 65th at the OHL Classic. He held the lead at the 2015 Northern Trust Open for the first three rounds. A final round 75 dropped him to a tie for 8th finish. He was able to qualify for the U.S. Open via a local qualifying tournament, but missed the cut. He would continue to compete in several tournaments. After firing an opening round of 66 (−6) at the 2015 Open Championship to place him into second place, he would stay in the top 10 for the first three rounds, but a final round 74 saw him fall into a 20th place. Two weeks later at the Quicken Loans National tournament, he took the 18-hole lead after an opening round −8, 63. But he stalled the final three rounds and finished 46th.

paragraph: Section::::Career summary.:2019.

paragraph: In 2019, Goosen turned 50, started playing on the PGA Tour Champions and was elected to the World Golf Hall of Fame. On 14 July 2019, Goosen won his first title on the PGA Tour Champions. It was a major tournament, the Bridgestone Senior Players Championship. In the final round, Goosen birdied the final two holes at Firestone Country Club in Akron, Ohio, to win by two strokes over Jay Haas and Tim Petrovic..

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Goosen is known for his extremely calm demeanor, a trait that has earned him the nickname "The Iceman" on the PGA Tour. He is also affectionately called "The Goose." The term unflappable is a term commonly connected with Retief because of his attitude on the course. Goosen's mother attributes her son's calm demeanor to the effects left on Goosen after he was struck by lightning.

paragraph: Goosen is now married with a son and daughter, and has homes in Virginia Water, Surrey, England and in Lake Nona Golf & Country Club in Orlando, Florida, U.S. as well as retaining residence in Polokwane, South Africa.

paragraph: Goosen is friends with golf icon Gary Player and regularly plays in the Gary Player Invitational series to help raise funds for needy children in both China and South Africa as well as around the world.

paragraph: Retief has also played in the Nelson Mandela Invitational hosted by Gary Player in South Africa, honoring former South African President Nelson Mandela. He has won the event twice, in betterball in 2000 with Allan Henning, and in 2006 with Bobby Lincoln. He also won the fourball event in 2008 with Costantino Rocca, and Alan Pearson.

paragraph: Goosen is also known for his interest and business in wine. He owns his own vineyard in Garden Route, South Africa. The vineyard is situated 2500 feet above sea level and was deemed a great place to plant in 1993. He started growing plants on the vineyard in 2005, and labeled his wine "The Goose". The Goose Expression Cabernet Sauvignon Shiraz wine won the bronze medal in 2008 from the Decanter World Wide Wine.

paragraph: In 2009, Goosen won awards for both his "Goose" wines. This follows on from last year's Bronze Medal for The Expression Cabernet Sauvignon / Shiraz 2005. 2009 brought a Silver Medal each by The Decanter World Wine Award 2009 for The Expression Cabernet Sauvignon / Shiraz 2007 and The Goose Sauvignon Blanc 2008.

paragraph: Section::::Other ventures.

paragraph: Section::::Other ventures.:Goosen-designed golf courses.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lagoon Bay – George, South Africa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lizard Point – Johannesburg, South Africa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Legends – Mokopane, South Africa

paragraph: Course(s) under construction:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dayi Smokey Mountain – China

paragraph: Section::::Other ventures.:Charitable work.

paragraph: BULLET::::- MAD (Make a Difference Charity) – Goosen is an honorary patron to MAD, which is a Cape Town based organization focused on providing educational opportunities for talented, less fortunate South African children. The foundation was formed in 2003.

paragraph: BULLET::::- SADGA (South African Disabled Golf Association) – Goosen is a SADGA patron. SADGA is an organization set up in 2004 to enable disabled golfers to enjoy and compete in the golf arena. It provides clinics for disabled children, introducing them to the game and giving them job opportunities.

paragraph: Section::::Amateur highlights.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1985/86 Transvaal Amateur Team

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1990 South African Amateur, Kempton Park Classic

paragraph: Section::::Professional wins (37).

paragraph: Section::::Professional wins (37).:PGA Tour wins (7).

paragraph: PGA Tour playoff record (1–1)

paragraph: Section::::Professional wins (37).:European Tour wins (14).

paragraph: Co-sanctioned with the Asian Tour

paragraph: European Tour playoff record (3–3)

paragraph: Section::::Professional wins (37).:Asian Tour wins (5).

paragraph: co-sanctioned with the European Tour

paragraph: Section::::Professional wins (37).:Other wins (6).

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000 Nelson Mandela Invitational (with Allan Henning)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001 WGC-World Cup (with Ernie Els)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003 Tiger Skins Game

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004 Nedbank Golf Challenge

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 Nelson Mandela Invitational (with Bobby Lincoln)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 Riffa Views Skins Game

paragraph: Section::::Major championships.

paragraph: Section::::Major championships.:Wins (2).

paragraph: Defeated Brooks in 18-hole playoff: Goosen 70 (E), Brooks 72 (+2).

paragraph: Section::::Major championships.:Results timeline.

paragraph: CUT = missed the half-way cutbr

paragraph: WD = withdrewbr

paragraph: "T" = tied

paragraph: Section::::Major championships.:Summary.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Most consecutive cuts made – 8 (2004 Masters – 2006 Masters)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Longest streak of top-10s – 3 (twice)

paragraph: Section::::Results in The Players Championship.

paragraph: CUT = missed the halfway cut

paragraph: WD = withdrew

paragraph: "T" indicates a tie for a place

paragraph: Section::::Results in World Golf Championship events.

paragraph: Cancelled due to 9/11br

paragraph: QF, R16, R32, R64 = Round in which player lost in match playbr

paragraph: "T" = tiedbr

paragraph: WD = withdrewbr

paragraph: NT = No Tournamentbr

paragraph: Note that the HSBC Champions did not become a WGC event until 2009.

paragraph: Section::::Senior major championships.

paragraph: Section::::Senior major championships.:Senior results timeline.

paragraph: "T" indicates a tie for a place

paragraph: Section::::PGA and European Tour career summary.

paragraph: * "As of the 2018 seasons."

paragraph: These figures are from the respective tour's official sites. Note that there is double counting of money earned (and wins) in the majors and World Golf Championships since they became official events on both tours.

paragraph: Green background for Tour's leading money winner. Yellow background for top-10 on Tour's money list.

paragraph: Section::::Team appearances.

paragraph: Professional

paragraph: BULLET::::- World Cup (representing South Africa): 1993, 1995, 2000, 2001 (winners), 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alfred Dunhill Cup (representing South Africa): 1995, 1996, 1997 (winners), 1998 (winners), 1999, 2000

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alfred Dunhill Challenge (representing Southern Africa): 1995 (winners)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Presidents Cup (International team): 2000, 2003 (tie), 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tavistock Cup (representing Lake Nona): 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 (winners), 2008, 2009 (winners), 2010 (winners)

paragraph: Section::::Equipment.

paragraph: As of the 2017 Farmers Insurance Open

paragraph: BULLET::::- Driver: Taylormade M1 8.5 degrees

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fairway Woods: Taylormade M2 Tour 5 Wood 18 degrees, Taylormade M2 Tour T3 Wood 13 degrees

paragraph: BULLET::::- Irons: Taylormade P770 4-PW

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wedges: Taylormade Milled Grind 54,60 degrees

paragraph: BULLET::::- Putter: Taylormade Spider Limited

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ball: Taylormade TP5

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of golfers with most PGA Tour wins

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of golfers with most European Tour wins

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of golfers with most Sunshine Tour wins

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of men's major championships winning golfers

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of African golfers

paragraph: BULLET::::- People vs. The Pros

paragraph: BULLET::::- Monday Night Golf

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Articles from around the world on Retief Goosen

description: professional golfer

wikidata_label: Retief Goosen

wikipedia_title: Retief Goosen


text: punk rock

text: Gob

text: Sum 41

text: Theo Goutzinakis

text: Dave Baksh

text: Langley

text: BC

text: Going the Distance

text: Gob

text: Theo Goutzinakis

text: Nettwerk

text: EMI

text: studio albums

text: Steven Fairweather

text: Gabe Mantle

text: Sum 41

text: Dave Baksh

text: AbsolutePunk.net

text: Deryck Whibley

text: Steve Jocz

text: Todd Morse

text: The Operation M.D.

text: Matt Brann

text: Sum 41

text: The Offspring

text: Too Late... No Friends

text: How Far Shallow Takes You

text: World According to Gob

text: Foot in Mouth Disease

text: Muertos Vivos

text: Apt. 13

text: All the Good Shit

text: Screaming Bloody Murder

text: 13 Voices

text: Order in Decline

text: By a Thread

text: Steven Fairweather

text: Gob official site

text: Tom Thacker

text: Myspace

text: Gob

text: Myspace

text: Interview with Tom and Theo

categories: Musicians from British Columbia,Canadian punk rock guitarists,Gob (band) members,Lead guitarists,Sum 41 members,Living people,1974 births

paragraph: Tom Thacker (musician)

paragraph: Thomas Arnold Thacker (born April 11, 1974), nicknamed Brown Tom, is the lead guitarist, lead singer and co-founder for Canadian punk rock group Gob, as well as a producer. He is also one of the guitarists in the band Sum 41. Thacker formed Gob with Theo Goutzinakis in 1993. Following Dave Baksh’s departure from Sum 41 on May 11, 2006, Thacker was recruited as their touring guitarist, and then became an official member in 2009. He has remained with Sum 41 ever since, even after Baksh rejoined the band in 2015, contributing to three studio releases.

paragraph: Thacker was born in Langley, BC, Canada. He has been in the films "Going the Distance" and "Sharp as Marbles".

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Gob (1993–present).

paragraph: Thacker is one of the vocalists and guitarists in the punk rock band Gob. He formed the band with Theo Goutzinakis, Wolfman Pat Integrity on drums, and Kelly Macaulay on bass. They released their self-titled EP in 1994. Since signing a deal with Nettwerk and EMI, the band has released six studio albums. The current bassist and drummer, Steven Fairweather and Gabe Mantle, joined the band after the band went through several other bassists.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Sum 41 (2006–present).

paragraph: In late 2006, Thacker joined Sum 41 as touring guitarist, replacing former guitarist Dave Baksh. He also plays keyboards for Sum 41, and provides backing vocals.

paragraph: On June 26, 2009, in a special chat taking place on the website AbsolutePunk.net, Sum 41 frontman Deryck Whibley made it clear that Thacker was now an official member of the band and not just a touring member. On July 20, 2009, Steve Jocz of Sum 41 stated on the band's official website that the band finished all their tour dates for 2009 and confirmed that Thacker will be appearing on the upcoming Sum 41 album.

paragraph: Even after Dave Baksh rejoined Sum 41 in 2015, Thacker has remained with the group ever since, which expanded them into a five-piece.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Other musical projects.

paragraph: Under the name Tommy, Tom Thacker played drums in the Canadian pop punk The McRackins for their 1995 album "What Came First?". He returned again to play on their 1999 release "Comicbooks and Bubblegum".

paragraph: On September 2, 2011, in an interview with Todd Morse of The Operation M.D., he said that the band plans to go on their first ever European tour in December, with possibly Tom Thacker playing lead guitar. Matt Brann is rumored to join the touring line-up on drums. In an interview with Thacker, he has confirmed that he was the one to suggest Cone and Todd to tour with the Operation M.D. in the winter, after Sum 41 cancelled all their tour dates for the rest of 2011.

paragraph: In 2013 Thacker played 2 shows with The Offspring filling in for Todd Morse. In July and August 2017 he has been touring with The Offspring again filling in for Noodles

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Gob.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gob"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Too Late... No Friends"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "How Far Shallow Takes You"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "World According to Gob"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Foot in Mouth Disease"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Muertos Vivos"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gob documentary"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Apt. 13"

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Sum 41.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "All the Good Shit" - live tracks

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Screaming Bloody Murder" - co-wrote the first single

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live at the House of Blues, Cleveland 9.15.07"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "13 Voices"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Order in Decline"

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Others.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Various Artists - "

paragraph: BULLET::::- By a Thread (producer)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Floodlight (producer)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Steven Fairweather (producer)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gob official site

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tom Thacker on Myspace

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gob on Myspace

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interview with Tom and Theo

description: Canadian musician

wikidata_label: Tom Thacker

wikipedia_title: Tom Thacker (musician)


text: Count of Aumale

text: Holderness

text: Odo, Count of Champagne

text: Adelaide of Normandy

text: Aumale

text: William the Conqueror

text: William Rufus

text: William Rufus

text: Robert Curthose

text: Robert de Mowbray

text: Guillaume III of Eu

text: Count of Eu

text: First Crusade

text: army of Robert Curthose

text: Duke of Normandy

text: William Rufus

text: Holderness

text: Yorkshire

text: William Clito

text: Henry I of England

text: Baldwin VII of Flanders

text: Guillaume le Gros

text: William fitz Duncan

text: Étienne le Gros

text: William de Roumare, Earl of Lincoln

text: Adam I de Brus

categories: Counts of Aumale,1127 deaths,Year of birth uncertain,Christians of the First Crusade

paragraph: Stephen of Aumale

paragraph: Stephen of Aumale (–1127) was Count of Aumale from before 1089 to 1127, and Lord of Holderness.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was son of Odo, Count of Champagne, and Adelaide of Normandy, countess of Aumale, sister of William the Conqueror. Stephen succeeded his mother as Count before 1089.

paragraph: In the conspiracy of 1095 against William Rufus, the object of the rebels was to place Stephen on the English throne. Stephen was the first cousin of brothers William Rufus, King of England and Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy. The leaders were Robert de Mowbray and Guillaume III of Eu, Count of Eu. Stephen was apparently not put on trial himself as he may have been out of the king's reach in Normandy. Stephen's father Odo of Champagne lost his English lands for his complicity.

paragraph: In 1096 Stephen joined the First Crusade as part of the army of Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy. Following the death of King William Rufus, in 1102 Stephen was given back his father's confiscated lands and became lord of Holderness, Yorkshire, England. He sided with Henry I in 1104 against Robert II Curthose but in 1118, when William Clito rebelled against Henry I of England, Stephen supported him, with Baldwin VII of Flanders. He finally submitted to Henry I in 1119.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: He married Hawise, daughter of Ralph de Mortimer, Lord of Wigmore and Seigneur de St. Victor-en-Caux, and Mélisende. Their children were :

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guillaume le Gros (–1179), Count of Aumale; married Cecily of Skipton, daughter of William fitz Duncan.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Étienne le Gros (Stephen), (born ) mentioned 1150 ; married the daughter of Roger Mortimer

paragraph: BULLET::::- Enguerrand or Ingelran de Aumale, mentioned 1150 ;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Agnès, (–aft. 1170) who married William de Roumare († 1151), son of William de Roumare, Earl of Lincoln. As his widow she secondly married Adam I de Brus, Lord of Skelton

description: Count of Aumale

wikidata_label: Stephen of Aumale

wikipedia_title: Stephen of Aumale


text:
Latinised
Fors
Poitou
jure uxoris
Count of Aumale
William le Gros, Earl of York
William de Forz, 3rd Earl of Albemarle
Philip Augustus
Aumale
Latinise
William de Forz, 4th Earl of Albemarle
William Malet
Hugh de Vivonia

categories: Anglo-Normans,Earls of Albemarle,1195 deaths,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: William de Forz (died 1195)

paragraph: William de Forz (died 1195) (Latinised to Willelmus de Fortibus) was a minor Anglo-Norman noble, by origin from Fors in Poitou.

paragraph: He became by the right of his wife ("jure uxoris") second Count of Aumale (or Albemarle) following his marriage to Hawise, sole heiress of William le Gros, Earl of York, Count of Aumale and William de Forz, 3rd Earl of Albemarle was their son.

paragraph: Philip Augustus took control of Aumale (also known as Albemarle) in the 1190s, thus depriving the Anglo-Norman Earls of Albemarle of their continental land-holdings.

paragraph: Section::::Toponymic.

paragraph: The Latin noun "fors" means "luck, chance" and unusually is only found in literature in the nominative ("fors") and ablative singular ("forte"), which latter means "by chance". It seems that the name "Fortibus" was an attempt by mediaeval scribes to Latinise the name "Forz", as was their custom, by using the hypothetical ablative plural "fortibus" which would mean "from chances". This would avoid the somewhat undignified name of "William by Chance".

paragraph: Thus, the name in French should in theory be "William de Fors/Forz" (where "de" is the French "particule" meaning "of/from") and in Latin "Willelmus de Fortibus" (where "de" is the Latin preposition "from", taking the ablative case). The seal of William de Forz, 4th Earl of Albemarle shows his name in the Latinised form "(Sigillum) Willelmi de Fortibus".

paragraph: Section::::Forz.

paragraph: William Malet's daughter, Mabel, married Hugh de Vivonia. Their son is referred to as William de Forz (de Vivonia). Some have suggested a relationship between the families. Their coats of arms each appear in the roll of arms of Henry III.

description: Anglo-Norman noble

wikidata_label: William I de Forz

wikipedia_title: William de Forz (died 1195)


text:
margrave
Nordgau
duke of Swabia
Henry of Schweinfurt
Gerberga
Henneberg
East Franconia
Radenzgau
Schweinfurt
Altmühl
Kelsgau
Naab
Bohemia
Hungary
Poland
Ulm
Emperor Henry III
Otto II
Boleslaus I of Poland
Immilla
Ulric Manfred
Turin
Kastl
Kulmbach
Plassenburg
Andechs
Conrad I, Duke of Bavaria
Pottenstein
Niedermünster
Hildrizhausen

categories: 1057 deaths,Dukes of Swabia,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Otto III, Duke of Swabia

paragraph: Otto III (died 28 September 1057), called the White and known as Otto of Schweinfurt, was the margrave of the Nordgau (1024–1031) and duke of Swabia (1048–1057). He was the son of Henry of Schweinfurt, margrave of the Nordgau, and Gerberga of Henneberg. He was one of the most powerful East Franconian princes by inheritance: having extensive land in the Radenzgau and Schweinfurt. In 1014, he first appears as count of Lower Altmühl (or Kelsgau) and, in 1024, he inherits his father's march. In 1034, he became count of the Lower Naab. From then on to his appointment to Swabia, he takes part in many imperial expeditions into Bohemia, Hungary, and Poland.

paragraph: At Ulm in January 1048, the Emperor Henry III appointed him duke of Swabia after a brief vacancy following the death of Otto II. He was loyal to Henry. He was engaged to marry Matilda, daughter of Boleslaus I of Poland, in 1035, but this was put off in favour of a marriage to Immilla, a daughter of Ulric Manfred, Margrave of Turin, as part of Henry's Italian plans. He was otherwise inactive and died after nine years rule and was buried in Schweinfurt.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: By his marriage to Immilla (died 29 April 1078), he had:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bertha or Alberada (died 1 April 1103), married firstly Herman II, Count of Kastl, and married secondly Frederick, Count of Kastl

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gisela, inherited Kulmbach and Plassenburg, married Arnold IV, Count of Andechs

paragraph: BULLET::::- Judith (died 1104), married firstly Conrad I, Duke of Bavaria, and secondly Botho, Count of Pottenstein

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eilika, abbess of Niedermünster

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beatrice (1040–1140), inherited Schweinfurt, married Henry II, Count of Hildrizhausen and Margrave of the Nordgau

description: Duke of Swabia

wikidata_label: Otto III

wikipedia_title: Otto III, Duke of Swabia


text:
Swiss
skier
World Championship
Mürren
downhill skiing
World War II

categories: Swiss male alpine skiers,1984 deaths,1910 births

paragraph: Walter Prager

paragraph: Walter Prager (2 April 1910 - 1984) was a Swiss alpine skier.

paragraph: At the 1931 World Championship in Mürren, Prager became the first World Champion in downhill skiing. He also won the 1933 downhill championship.

paragraph: Later on, Prager successfully coached the Dartmouth Ski Team both before and after World War II. During the war, he was drafted and was one of the first soldiers to join the 10th Mountain Division.

description: Swiss alpine skier

wikidata_label: Walter Prager

wikipedia_title: Walter Prager


text: Sanskrit

text: Telugu poet

text: Telugu

text: Sanskrit

text: Valmiki

text: Ramayana

text: Telugu

text: Ramayana

text: Jammalamadugu

text: Kadapa

text: Avadhana

text: Gita

text: Valmiki

text: Ramayana

text: Valmiki Ramayana

text: Rama

text: Vontimitta

text: Valmiki

text: Ramayana

text: Sanskrit

text: Vontimitta

text: Andhra Pradesh Government

text: Vontimitta

text: Angalakuduru

text: Vontimitta

text: Research book of "mandaramu"

paragraph: Vavilikolanu Subbarao

paragraph: Vavilikolanu Subba Rao or Andhra Valmiki or Vaasu Daasa Swami (23 January 1863 – 1 August 1939) was a Sanskrit scholar and a Telugu poet, often known by the epithet "Andhra Valmiki".

paragraph: He was first Telugu scholar to translate Sanskrit version of Valmiki Ramayana into Telugu. His translation of Sanskrit version of Valmiki Ramayana into Telugu was entitled as "Mandaram".

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Vavilikolanu Subbarao born on 23 January 1863 at Jammalamadugu, Kadapa in Andhra pradesh. His parents were Ramachandrarao and Kanakamamba. He married Ranganayakamma. They belonged to Golconda vyapari sect of Brahmins.

paragraph: He joined the revenue department as a revenue inspector and later got promotion as acting Tehsildar during 1883 to 1900. However, during his service in revenue department, he contracted tuberculosis and resigned from job.

paragraph: Between 1900 and 1904, Subba Rao stayed at Nellore. From here he has published a small magazine called "Bharati".

paragraph: In 1904 he joined Madras Presidency College as Lecturer or Pandit in Telugu for teaching Telugu literature.

paragraph: Section::::Language Movements.

paragraph: Vavilikolanu Subba Rao also regularly participated in Avadhana programmes.

paragraph: He had written a Telugu grammar book- "Vyakarana Sarvaswam" in three volumes. He had also written Bhagavad Gita in "Dwipada" verse for easy and better understanding of laymen as well as students. He also wrote a series of books--"Baalahita Charya", "Kumarahita Charya", "Patihita Charya", "Kumarihita Charya", "Satihita Charya", "Garbhinihita Charya" as a commentary on the morality and ethics of the-then society and contained his suggested improvements.

paragraph: Section::::Ramayanam.

paragraph: Vavilikolanu Subba Rao has commenced translating the Valmiki Ramayana in 1902 and completed it by 1908. He intended to dedicate his translation of Valmiki Ramayana to Lord Rama of Vontimitta temple.

paragraph: Narayana Rao says that Andhra Valmiki's Ramayana ("Mandaram") was a verse to verse true translation of Valmiki Ramayana in Sanskrit. In the words of Vavilikolanu Subba Rao, it is a "yadha--valmika--ramayanamu"—a Ramayana strictly according to Valmiki. Narayana Rao further says that in keeping with the popular belief that Valmiki's text of Ramayana has powerful mantric syllables embedded in it, Subba Rao attempted to bring similar mantric syllables into his Telugu text. Mettapalli Sitapati Dasudu's statement in "Sri Vasudasadesika Vaibhavamu" supports this view. Sitapati Dasudu has also mentioned that it was at the instance of Kottapalli Padmanabha Sastri that Subba Rao set off on the course of rendering a true translation, verse by verse, of Sanskrit Ramayana written by Valmiki. Subba Rao supplemented his translation with an elaborate multi-volume commentary. "Mandaram" has become an important literary magnum opus in the history of Telugu literature.

paragraph: Section::::Ram Temple at Vontimitta.

paragraph: After retiring from his teaching job at Chennai in 1920, he moved back to Vontimitta following a dream he saw while at a choultry in Ghatikachalam to renovate a Lord Ram temple at Vontimitta . Taking monetary help from several locals and donations, he managed to reestablish the temple to its old glory.

paragraph: The Andhra Pradesh Government has declared the Vontimitta Lord Rama as its official deity.

paragraph: Section::::Sanyas and death.

paragraph: He took "Sanyasa deeksha" in 1920s and under the name of "Vasudaasa Swami" traversed across Andhra Pradesh.His disciples have set up "ashrams" at Nadigadda palem and Angalakuduru, to carry forward his legacy.

paragraph: Subba Rao breathed his last on 1 August 1936. He was cremated as per Hindu Brahmin traditions in Chennai.His own house was donated to the Vontimitta Ram temple.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Andhra Yogulu: Biruduraju Ramaraju. Part 4, Navodaya Book House, Vijayawada Andhra Pradesh.2003.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Andhra Rachayitalu: Madhunapantula satyanarayana sastry, 1940, Pages: 205.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rayalaseema Rachayitala Caritra - Volume 1: Kalluru Ahobilarao, Srikrishnadevaraya Granthamala, Hindupur,1975.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Book of "Garbhini Hitacarya" in digital library.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Research book of "mandaramu"

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Questioning Ramayanas: A South Asian Tradition edited by Paula Richman - pages:171-172

description: Telugu writer

wikidata_label: Vavilikolanu Subbarao

wikipedia_title: Vavilikolanu Subbarao


href: Varanasi Madras Chennai translator Chennai

categories: Telugu writers,1836 deaths,1780 births,Indian travel writers

paragraph: Enugula Viraswamayya

paragraph: Enugula Viraswamayya or Enugula Viraswami (1780 - 1836) Telugu scholar, writer and traveller. He was a prominent telugu niyogi brahmin. He wrote "Kasi Yatra Charitra" Travelogue in Telugu about his pilgrimage to Varanasi. The book was first published in 1838, again in 1869 (Madras). This is the first remarkable travelogue publishished in Telugu. This book written in the form of daily letters by the author to his friend Srinivasa Pillai at Komateawarapuram, narrates the salient aspects of his pilgrimage. It is written in colloquial language and was printed thrice in 1838, 1869 and 1941. It brings out the ethos, customs and traditions of ancient India.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: He was born on 1780 in Madras (now Chennai). He was a Niyogi brahmin and from an early age studied English, Tamil, Telugu and Sanskrit languages. He joined the Company at the age of 12 to work as a translator (dubasi), eventually rising to the post of "head interpreter" of the Madras Supreme court.

paragraph: Section::::Pilgrimage.

paragraph: He started at Madras (Now Chennai) on 18 May 1830 on a long tour of this country. During his historical journey he covered many places in India. He staying at places such as Tirupati, Cuddapah, Ahobalam, Hyderabad, Vemulavada, Nirmal, DhanOra, Nagpur, Ramatenki, Jabbalpur, Reema, Mirjapur, Prayag, Kasi, Patna, Gaya, Moiighyr, Rajmahal, Krishnanagar, Calcutta, Gopalpur, Cuttack, Puri-Jagannath, Chilka Lake, Ganjam, Chatrapur, Berhampur, Srikakulam, Vizianagram, Simhachalam, Rajahmundry, Ryali, Machilipaitnam, Bapatla, Chinna Ganjam, Nellore, Gudur, Naidupet, Sullurpet, Ponneri and returned to Madras on 3 September 1831. Hundreds of other historically important places were also visited by him in this pilgrimage to Kasi, Prayag etc. During this journey he maintained a journal. The journal is particularly valuable to us as it throws much light on the conditions of the country during the period indicated above. He is a keen observer and his observations on Hindu holy places, rivers, on religions such as Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Hindu mythology, astronomy, the customs, manners, castes, laws of the late Governments of the several places make a very interesting and absorbing study. The journal of Veeraswamy is therefore an important literary source for the study of the conditions of India in the years 1830-31, specifically

paragraph: and the first half of the nineteenth century.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://archive.org/details/NaaKasiYatra

paragraph: BULLET::::-  Kingship and Colonialism in India's Deccan: 1850-1948

description: Telugu writer

wikidata_label: Enugula veeraswamayya

wikipedia_title: Enugula Viraswamayya


text:
Art competitions
1928
1932
1936 Summer Olympics
Kharkiv
Kiev School of Painting
Ignacy Daszyński
Feliks Stanisław Jasiński
Antoine Bourdelle
Stefan Jaracz

categories: Polish sculptors,1898 births,1943 deaths

paragraph: Olga Niewska

paragraph: Olga Niewska (28 May 1898 - 25 May 1943) was a Polish sculptor, who competed in the Art competitions at the 1928, 1932 and 1936 Summer Olympics.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Niewska was born in Kharkiv in Ukraine in 1898 and after completing school she then studied at the Kiev School of Painting in 1919. She studied under Konstanty Laszczka when she created busts of the socialist politician Ignacy Daszyński and the painter Feliks Stanisław Jasiński. In 1923, she moved to Warsaw before moving on to Paris where she studied with the sculptor Antoine Bourdelle in 1926 to 1928.

paragraph: In 1928 she married and at the annual exhibition at the Salon of the Polish Artists Union in Warsaw, her sculpture was awarded the "Warsaw Prize for the Year 1928". In September 1929 her bathing sculpture was unveiled in Paderewski's park. The next decade she was productive and paid. She created both medallions and sculptures. Shortly before the war, she created a portrait of the actor Stefan Jaracz which is considered one of her best.

paragraph: She died in 1943.

description: Polish sculptor

wikidata_label: Olga Niewska

wikipedia_title: Olga Niewska


href: Seravezza Milan

text: Seravezza Milan

categories: 20th-century conductors (music),1999 deaths,1908 births,Italian male conductors (music),Italian conductors (music),20th-century Italian musicians,Italian pianists,Italian composers,20th-century male musicians

paragraph: Enzo Ceragioli

paragraph: Enzo Ceragioli (October 1, 1908, Seravezza - June 10, 1999, Milan) was an Italian conductor, composer, arranger, and pianist.

description: Italian conductor, composer and pianist

wikidata_label: Enzo Ceragioli

wikipedia_title: Enzo Ceragioli


text:
American football
defensive end
Chicago Bears
National Football League
college football
UTEP
2016 NFL Draft
Chicago Bears
exclusive-rights free agent
Chicago Bears bio

categories: People from Grand Prairie, Texas,Sportspeople from the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex,Players of American football from California,American football defensive ends,Chicago Bears players,American football linebackers,Players of American football from Texas,1993 births,Living people,Sportspeople from Oakland, California

paragraph: Roy Robertson-Harris

paragraph: Roy Robertson-Harris (born July 23, 1993) is an American football defensive end for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at UTEP.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: After going undrafted in the 2016 NFL Draft, Robertson-Harris signed with the Chicago Bears on May 9, 2016. On August 30, 2016, he was placed on the reserve/non-football illness list, where he spent his entire rookie season.

paragraph: In 2017, Robertson-Harris appeared in 13 games, registering 13 tackles, two sacks, and a pass deflection. The following year, he played in every game as he recorded 20 tackles, three sacks and three tackles for loss. He was an exclusive-rights free agent after the 2018 season, but returned to the Bears after being tendered a contract on March 13, 2019, which he officially signed on April 15.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chicago Bears bio

description: American-football player (1993-)

wikidata_label: Roy Robertson-Harris

wikipedia_title: Roy Robertson-Harris


text:
Hartford, Connecticut
jazz
free improvisation
Randall Colbourne
Chris Corsano
Marc Edwards
Cadence
Chris Corsano
Marc Edwards
C. Spencer Yeh
Steve Swell
Weasel Walter

categories: Jazz musicians from Connecticut,American jazz saxophonists,American male saxophonists

paragraph: Paul Flaherty (musician)

paragraph: Paul Flaherty (born November 6, 1948, Hartford, Connecticut) is an American jazz saxophonist who plays primarily in free improvisational idioms.

paragraph: Flaherty began playing saxophone at age 10, focusing initially on alto sax, though he would later perform on tenor and soprano saxophone as well. He worked in the bands of John Ciffirelli and Gordon Cohen in the early 1970s, but received negative responses to his style, and instead began self-releasing albums. His first album as a leader was issued in 1978, and in the 1980s he played jazz part-time, working as a house painter. He began what grew into a long-term musical partnership with Randall Colbourne in 1988, releasing a series of albums together that included guest musicians such as Chris Corsano, Richard Downs, Marc Edwards, Jim Hunt, Greg Kelley, Mike Murray, and Steve Scholz.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As leader or co-leader.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Impact" with Randall Colbourne, Stephen Scholz (Cadence, 1990)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Primal Burn" with Randall Colbourne, Richard Downs (Tulpa, 1991)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Fourth Way" with Randall Colbourne, Stephen Scholz, Richard Downs (Tulpa, 1992)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cydonia" with Randall Colbourne, Stephen Scholz, Mike Murray (Tulpa, 1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fat Onions" with Randall Colbourne (Cadence, 1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Visitants" with Randall Colbourne (Zaabway, 1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Third Rail" with Randall Colbourne, Richard Downs (Zaabway Music, 1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Resonance" with Randall Colbourne, Daniel Carter, Raphe Malik, Sabir Mateen (Zaabway, 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Anahad" with Randall Colbourne (Cadence, 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Hated Music" with Chris Corsano (Ecstatic Yod, 2000

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Prana" with Randall Colbourne, Richard Downs (Zaabway, 2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Ilya Tree" with Greg Kelley, John Voigt, Laurence Cook (Boxholder, 2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sannyasi" with Greg Kelley, Chris Corsano (Wet Paint, 2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Voices" (Wet Paint, 2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Steel Sleet" (Tyyfus, 2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kaivalya Vol. 1" with Marc Edwards (Cadence, 2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Dim Bulb" with Steve Baczkowski, Chris Corsano (Wet Paint, 2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Snow Blind Avalanche" with Chris Corsano, C. Spencer Yeh (Important, 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Rock in the Snow" with Chris Corsano, C. Spencer Yeh (Important, 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Whirl of Nothingness" (Family Vineyard, 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Beloved Music" with Chris Corsano (Family Vineyard, 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Unmuzzled Ox" (Manhand, 2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Aria Nativa" (Family Vineyard, 2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bridge Out!" with Randall Colbourne (Family Vineyard, 2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New York Nuts and Boston Baked Beans" with Greg Kelley, C. Spencer Yeh (Important, 2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "An Airless Field" with Bill Nace (Ecstatic Peace!, 2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Broken Staircase" with Bill Nace (Wet Paint, 2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "No, the Sun Open Mouth" with Bill Nace (Open Mouth, 2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Low Cost Space Flights" with Chris Corsano (Feeding Tube, 2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ironic Havoc" with Randall Colbourne (Relative Pitch, 2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dragonfly Breath III: Live at the Stone" with Steve Swell, Weasel Walter, C. Spencer Yeh (Not Two, 2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Dull Blade" with Steve Baczkowski, Chris Corsano (Feeding Tube, 2017)

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richard Cook & Brian Morton: "The Penguin Guide to Jazz on CD", 6th Edition, London, Penguin, 2002 .

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Paul Flaherty

wikipedia_title: Paul Flaherty (musician)


text:
Hungarian nobleman
jurist
vice-ispán
Zalaboldogfa
county of Zala
Kingdom of Hungary
English
"Francis"
Roman Catholic
Hungarian noble
Farkas de Boldogfa
Zalaegerszeg
Egervár
Turkish invasions
Zichy
county of Zala
Zalaegerszeg
War of the Austrian Succession
deputy county head
Hungarian county system
Maria Theresa
serfdom
Zélpuszta
county of Zala
Maria Theresa
serfs
Vas county
Perneszy de Osztopán
Both de Bajna
Batthyány
vice-ispán
Vas county
Ferenc Farkas de Boldogfa
Jesuit priest
parish
Nemesapáti
master canon
Diocese
Veszprém
János Farkas de Boldogfa
Prothonotary

categories: Farkas de Boldogfa family,Hungarian nobility,1770 deaths,People from Zala County,Hungarian Roman Catholics,1713 births

paragraph: Ferenc Farkas de Boldogfa

paragraph: Ferenc Farkas de Boldogfa (22 September 1713 – 22 February 1770) was a Hungarian nobleman, jurist, landowner, vice-ispán of the county of Zala ("alispán of Zala").

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Born in Zalaboldogfa in the county of Zala, in the former Kingdom of Hungary, Ferenc (in English: "Francis"), was a member of the ancient Roman Catholic Hungarian noble family Farkas de Boldogfa (in Hungarian: "boldogfai Farkas" család). His father was János Farkas de Boldogfa (†1724), jurist, landowner, chief magistrate of the district ("főszolgabíró") of Zalaegerszeg. His mother was the noble lady Dorottya Sidy de Sid (1693-1775), daughter of Mihály Sidy de Sid, who was the vice-captain of the castle of Egervár in the county of Zala during the Turkish invasions, and of Mária Terjék de Szenterzsébet, who hailed from an ancient Hungarian family of Zala. Ferenc Farkas descended from the Zichy, the Rudnay, and the Maholányi families from his maternal grandmother's side.

paragraph: After finishing his studies of law, Ferenc Farkas de Boldogfa started working in the administration of county of Zala, as the substitute of chief magistrate of the district of Zalaegerszeg between 1738 and 1747. After the War of the Austrian Succession began, in 1741 the Hungarian nobility assisted in fight Maria Theresia of Austria: Ferenc Farkas helped in the coordination of the Hungarian noblemen's orzanization within the county of Zala for this occasion. Later he was elected as the supreme chief magistrate of the same district, and occupied this office between 1747 and 1756. Then he was elected as the deputy county head of Zala ("vice-ispán / alispán of Zala"): he was at the office from 1761 until 1769. This office was the second most important in the administration and ruling of the Hungarian county system. During Empress Maria Theresa's reign in 1765 there were sanctioned several laws for regulate the serfdom. During this time many peasant revolts occurred in the Kingdom of Hungary. Ferenc Farkas de Boldogfa was who coordinated the military defenses and successfully achieved to reestablish the local security whin the county of Zala.

paragraph: As usual at his time, the catholic Ferenc Farkas donated ecclesiastical buildings. He built a private chapel in his lands on Zélpuszta, county of Zala, and rebuilt and expanded the church in his hometown of Zalaboldogfa.

paragraph: Within the untitled nobility of the county of Zala, Ferenc Farkas de Boldogfa, was one of the wealthiest landlords during Maria Theresa' era, having through all his lands in total 70 families of serfs.

paragraph: In 1739 he married the illustrious noble lady Anna Mária Rosty de Barkócz (1722-1784), daughter of László Rosty de Barkócz, chief magistrate ("főszolgabíró") of the Vas county and Mária Csapody de Zalalövő. Through this marriage he acquired several lands that were inherited from the extinct family Perneszy de Osztopán. Among her ancestors, Anna Rosty had the families Both de Bajna, the Bánffy de Alsólendva, and the Batthyány de Németújvár. Ferenc Farkas de Boldogfa's brother in law was Ferenc Rosty de Barkócz (†1790), royal counselor, vice-ispán of the Vas county, and a wealthy landowner. From Ferenc Farkas and Anna Rosty's marriage 13 children were born: one of them was Ferenc Farkas de Boldogfa (1742-1803), Jesuit priest, parish priest of Nemesapáti, poet, master canon of the Diocese of Veszprém. However, the son that had most relevant carrier was János Farkas de Boldogfa (1741-1788), jurist, lawyer, landowner, Prothonotary of the county of Zala, which is the ancestor of the family's two branches that exist until the present time.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ZML. XII. Farkas család. 7. doboz. 285. pallium.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Szluha Márton (2012) Vas vármegye nemes családjai II kötet. Heraldika kiadó. 401. o.

wikidata_label: Ferenc Farkas de Boldogfa

wikipedia_title: Ferenc Farkas de Boldogfa


text:
Rotterdam
Haarlem
Anton Mauve
Enschede
Zaandam
Teylers First Society
W.C. Mauve
DBNL

categories: People from Haarlem,Members of Teylers Eerste Genootschap,Mennonite ministers,Dutch Protestant ministers and clergy,People from Rotterdam,1869 deaths,Dutch writers,Dutch Mennonites,1803 births

paragraph: Willem Carel Mauve

paragraph: Willem Carel Mauve (2 February 1803, Rotterdam – 24 February 1869, Haarlem), was a Mennonite minister and writer. He was the father of the painter Anton Mauve.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He served the congregations of Enschede from 1830 until 1836 and served in Zaandam (where his son Anton was born) before moving to Haarlem in 1839. There he became a member of Teylers First Society in 1844.

paragraph: He wrote several religious works, including a small catechism on Biblical history.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- W.C. Mauve author page on DBNL

description: Mennonite minister and writer

wikidata_label: Willem Carel Mauve

wikipedia_title: Willem Carel Mauve