text:
Fowey
Fowey
Menabilly
Robert Rashleigh
matriculated
Brasenose College, Oxford
Gray's Inn
Jonathan Rashleigh

categories: English MPs 1661–1679,1693 deaths,1619 births,Members of Gray's Inn,Alumni of Brasenose College, Oxford,People of the Stuart period,Members of the pre-1707 English Parliament for constituencies in Cornwall,Rashleigh family

paragraph: John Rashleigh (1619–1693) of Coombe

paragraph: John Rashleigh (21 January 1619 – 13 March 1693) of Coombe, near Fowey in Cornwall, was MP for Fowey from 1661 to 1679. He was a member of a branch of the more prominent Rashleigh family of Menabilly, near Fowey.

paragraph: Rashleigh was the only surviving son of Robert Rashleigh (1585 – c. 1667), MP, of Coombe, near Fowey, Cornwall, by his first wife Mary Trefusis, daughter of Thomas Trefusis of Landew.

paragraph: He matriculated at Brasenose College, Oxford in 1637 and entered Gray's Inn in 1639.

paragraph: He married in 1642 his cousin Elizabeth, the daughter of Jonathan Rashleigh of Menabilly, Cornwall and had 5 sons and 2 daughters

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vivian's Visitations of Cornwall" (Exeter: William Pollard & Co, 1887)

description: English politician

wikidata_label: John Rashleigh (1619–93) of Coombe

wikipedia_title: John Rashleigh (1619–1693) of Coombe


text: Brussels

text: Oudenaarde

text: Adrien de Gerlache

text: Antarctica

text: Belgian Antarctic Expedition

text: Belgica

text: King Baudouin

text: International Geophysical Year

text: Mirny Station

text: Mount Gaston de Gerlache

text: Queen Fabiola Mountains

categories: 2006 deaths,Belgian explorers,1919 births

paragraph: Gaston de Gerlache

paragraph: Baron Gaston de Gerlache de Gomery (Brussels, 17 November 1919 – Oudenaarde, 13 July 2006) was a Belgian polar explorer.

paragraph: Gaston de Gerlache was the son of Adrien de Gerlache and followed in the tracks of his father by leading the second Belgian expedition to Antarctica in 1957–1958, 60 years after his father led the 1897–1899 Belgian Antarctic Expedition with the ship Belgica.

paragraph: Gaston de Gerlache and his crew established the King Baudouin Base in 1958 in the context of the International Geophysical Year. On 11 December 1958 an aircraft with four Belgians, led by Gaston de Gerlache crashed in Crystal Mountains, 250 km from King Badouin Base, Antarctica. The crew was searched for and rescued on 16 December by the Soviet polar pilot V. M. Perov on Li-2 aircraft, that took off from Mirny Station.

paragraph: In 1960 Gaston de Gerlache published his travel journal "Retour dans l'antarctique". A year later he made a documentary about his expedition named "Plein sud".

paragraph: An article, "Belgium in the Antarctic", written by Gaston de Gerlache de Gomery appeared in the Geographical magazine (May 1962 issue).

paragraph: Mount Gaston de Gerlache in the Queen Fabiola Mountains on Antarctica was named after him.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Artikel in Trends over Gaston de Gerlache

description: Belgian explorer

wikidata_label: Gaston de Gerlache

wikipedia_title: Gaston de Gerlache


text:
KG
England
Sir Adam Banastre
Bretherton
Claughton
Bank Hall
Bretherton
Lancashire
Edward III
Bourg-la-Reine
battle of Najera
Anjou
Sire Caponnel de Caponnat
Thorp
moiety
Bretherton
Garter
order of the garter
Walter Paveley
Sir John Arundel
Irish Sea
Sir Hugh Calveley

categories: Medieval English knights,14th-century English people,Bank Hall,1379 deaths,People of the Hundred Years' War

paragraph: Thomas Banastre

paragraph: Sir Thomas Banastre KG (c. 1334 - 16 December 1379) was a Knight of the Garter from England.

paragraph: Section::::Lineage.

paragraph: He was the son of Sir Adam Banastre (of Bretherton) and his wife Joan Petronilla (of Claughton) and

paragraph: was born at Bank Hall, Bretherton, Lancashire in 1334 and was the eldest of five children.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In 1360, he was fighting in France in the campaign led by Edward III, who also knighted at Bourg-la-Reine. Thomas was in Prince Edward's Spanish campaign in 1367 and fought at the battle of Najera on 3 April 1367. During 1369, he was in Anjou and was captured by the French and was exchanged for Sire Caponnel de Caponnat, who was held by the English. During the same year, the Hamlet of Thorp was sold by the heirs of Thorp to Thomas, which became completely merged in his moiety of Bretherton, and ceased to be noticed. This added to his estate, which consisted of farms and land which provided him with his riches.

paragraph: He became Knight of the Garter in 1375, and became a member of the order of the garter after the death of Walter Paveley.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: On 16 December 1379 Thomas Banastre was on board a fleet led by Sir John Arundel which encountered a storm in the Irish Sea, and his ship struck a rock; Thomas was drowned. Sir Hugh Calveley was aboard the same ship but survived.

description: English knight

wikidata_label: Thomas Banastre

wikipedia_title: Thomas Banastre


text: Martin Luther

text: First Lutheran hymnal

text: Rötlen

text: Ellwangen

text: Swabia

text: Latinized

text: Freiburg

text: Roman Catholic

text: Johann Eck

text: Pope

text: Papal count palatine

text: Salzburg

text: Würzburg

text: Albert of Mainz

text: 95 Theses

text: monastic vows

text: Moravia

text: Es ist das Heil uns kommen her

text: Wittenberg

text: hymnal

text: Justus Jonas

text: Erfurt "Enchiridion"

text: Catherine Winkworth

text: salvation by faith

text: good works

text: Miles Coverdale

text: Missal

text: Matthäus Ludecus

text: liturgical year

text: Septuagesima

text: Albert, Duke of Prussia

text: bishop of Pomesania

text: Caspar Schwenckfeldt

text: Andreas Osiander

text: Marienwerder

categories: Lutheran bishops of Pomesania,German Lutheran hymnwriters,1551 deaths,1484 births,German Protestant Reformers,16th-century German people

paragraph: Paul Speratus

paragraph: Paul Speratus (13 December 1484 – 12 August 1551) was a Catholic priest who became a Protestant preacher, reformer and hymn-writer. In 1523, he helped Martin Luther to create the First Lutheran hymnal, published in 1524 and called "Achtliederbuch".

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Paul Speratus was born in Rötlen (a village now part of present-day Ellwangen) in Swabia, on or about 13 December 1484, probably to a wealthy family. His original surname, Latinized to "Speratus," may have been "Spreter," "Hoffer," or "Offer." In later years would write his name as "von Rötlen" (of Rötlen) or "von Ellwangen, Priester der Diöcese Augsburg" (of Ellwangen, Priest of the Diocese of Augsburg).

paragraph: Early studies took him to Paris and Italy, as well as (probably) Freiburg and Vienna. In 1506, he was ordained a Roman Catholic priest. In 1517, he was the author of a poem praising the Johann Eck, a conservative Catholic soon to be an important Catholic critic of Luther's new doctrines. At about the same time, the Pope named Speratus a Papal count palatine. In 1520, after having spent some years as cathedral preacher in Salzburg, he became the cathedral preacher in Würzburg.

paragraph: Section::::Disciple of Martin Luther.

paragraph: On 31 October 1517, Martin Luther wrote to his bishop, Albert of Mainz, protesting the sale of indulgences and enclosing a copy of his 95 Theses, which his friends had translated from Latin to German by January 1518. In the early part of his ministry, Luther saw himself as a reformer operating inside the Catholic Church, as did many early followers such as Speratus.

paragraph: By November, 1521, however, Speratus had married and was forced to flee his position, going first to Salzburg, and then to Moravia. He was excommunicated in 1522, after preaching in Vienna a sermon denouncing his monastic vows. In 1523, he was imprisoned and condemned to death by burning, being released only after the intervention of friends and on the condition that he leave Moravia. It was while imprisoned that Speratus wrote his most famous hymn, "Es ist das Heil uns kommen her".

paragraph: Section::::Achtliederbuch.

paragraph: After Speratus was released from prison, he and his wife went to join Luther in Wittenberg in 1523, where Speratus helped Luther to create the first Lutheran hymnal, the Achtliederbuch, published in 1524. This hymnal contained only eight songs: four by Luther, three by Speratus, and one by Justus Jonas. All its songs were published the same year in the Erfurt "Enchiridion", a collection of 26 hymns.

paragraph: Section::::Achtliederbuch.:Es ist das Heil uns kommen her.

paragraph: The words of this hymn were written during the time Speratus was imprisoned; the melody is taken from a 15th-century chorale. According to Catherine Winkworth, "Luther himself is said to have given his last coin to a Prussian beggar from whom he heard it for the first time."

paragraph: The 14 stanzas of Speratus's text expound Luther's teaching concerning salvation by faith rather than by doing good works. According to Scott Hendrix, "It not only emphasizes justification by faith alone but it also underlines the vitality of that faith manifested in service to others".

paragraph: Section::::Achtliederbuch.:In Gott gelaub ich, daß er hat.

paragraph: Miles Coverdale published his English translation of this song as "In God I trust for so I must."

paragraph: Section::::Achtliederbuch.:Hilf Gott, wie ist der Menschen Not.

paragraph: This hymn is recommended in the Missal of Matthäus Ludecus (1589) for several different feasts of the liturgical year including Septuagesima.

paragraph: Section::::Later career.

paragraph: On Luther's recommendation, Speratus became court chaplain of Albert, Duke of Prussia, a post he held from 1524–29. In 1530, he became the Protestant bishop of Pomesania, a post he held until his death in 1551. He was active there in defending the tenets of faith advanced by Luther, and in attacking such rival sects as the followers of Caspar Schwenckfeldt and Andreas Osiander. He died in Marienwerder on 12 August 1551.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 15th-century chorale melody used for "Es ist das Heil uns kommen her"

description: German Lutheran

wikidata_label: Paul Speratus

wikipedia_title: Paul Speratus


text:
Union Army
American Civil War
Medal of Honor
Siege of Vicksburg
Indiana
Ulysses S. Grant
Vicksburg, Mississippi
forlorn hope
A Forlorn Hope
Vicksburg Medal of Honor Recipients

categories: People of Indiana in the American Civil War,Union Army soldiers,People of Kansas in the American Civil War,1838 births,1921 deaths,American Civil War recipients of the Medal of Honor

paragraph: David H. Helms

paragraph: David H. Helms (1838 – 1921) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War. He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Siege of Vicksburg on May 22, 1863.

paragraph: Helms joined the army from Indiana in August 1862, and was discharged in June 1865.

paragraph: Section::::Union assault.

paragraph: On May 22, 1863, General Ulysses S. Grant ordered an assault on the Confederate heights at Vicksburg, Mississippi. The plan called for a storming party of volunteers to build a bridge across a moat and plant scaling ladders against the enemy embankment in advance of the main attack.

paragraph: The volunteers knew the odds were against survival and the mission was called, in nineteenth century vernacular, a "forlorn hope". Only single men were accepted as volunteers and even then, twice as many men as needed came forward and were turned away. The assault began in the early morning following a naval bombardment.

paragraph: The Union soldiers came under enemy fire immediately and were pinned down in the ditch they were to cross. Despite repeated attacks by the main Union body, the men of the forlorn hope were unable to retreat until nightfall. Of the 150 men in the storming party, nearly half were killed. Seventy-nine of the survivors were awarded the Medal of Honor.

paragraph: Section::::Medal of Honor citation.

paragraph: “For gallantry in the charge of the volunteer storming party on 22 May 1863.”

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- A Forlorn Hope

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vicksburg Medal of Honor Recipients

description: Recipient of the Medal of Honor

wikidata_label: David H. Helms

wikipedia_title: David H. Helms


text:
Union Army
American Civil War
Medal of Honor
Siege of Vicksburg
Ulysses S. Grant
Vicksburg, Mississippi
forlorn hope
List of Medal of Honor recipients
Findagrave
A Forlorn Hope
Vicksburg Medal of Honor Recipients

categories: People of Illinois in the American Civil War,People of Ohio in the American Civil War,United States Army Medal of Honor recipients,Union Army soldiers,1833 births,1911 deaths

paragraph: James Henry (soldier)

paragraph: James Henry (1833 – 1911) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War. He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Siege of Vicksburg on May 22, 1863.

paragraph: Henry joined the 113th Illinois Infantry in August 1862, and was mustered out in June 1865.

paragraph: Section::::Union assault.

paragraph: Section::::Medal of Honor citation.

paragraph: "For gallantry in the charge of the volunteer storming party on 22 May 1863."

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Medal of Honor recipients

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Findagrave

paragraph: BULLET::::- A Forlorn Hope

description: Recipient of the Medal of Honor

wikidata_label: James Henry

wikipedia_title: James Henry (soldier)


text:
Union Army
American Civil War
Medal of Honor
Siege of Vicksburg
Atlanta Campaign
Ulysses S. Grant
Vicksburg, Mississippi
forlorn hope
List of Medal of Honor recipients
Vicksburg Medal of Honor Recipients

categories: People of Pennsylvania in the American Civil War,People of Illinois in the American Civil War,United States Army Medal of Honor recipients,Union Army soldiers,1830 births,1900 deaths

paragraph: Theodore Hyatt

paragraph: George Theodore Hyatt (1830–1900) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War. He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Siege of Vicksburg on May 22, 1863.

paragraph: Hyatt joined the 127th Illinois Infantry in August 1862, and was discharged in March 1865 for a wound received during the Atlanta Campaign.

paragraph: Section::::Union assault.

paragraph: Section::::Medal of Honor citation.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

description: Recipient of the Medal of Honor

wikidata_label: Theodore Hyatt

wikipedia_title: Theodore Hyatt


text:
Union Army
American Civil War
Medal of Honor
Siege of Vicksburg
Ulysses S. Grant
Vicksburg, Mississippi
forlorn hope
List of Medal of Honor recipients
A Forlorn Hope
Vicksburg Medal of Honor Recipients

categories: People of Illinois in the American Civil War,People of Ohio in the American Civil War,United States Army Medal of Honor recipients,Union Army soldiers,1833 births,1912 deaths

paragraph: Andrew Johnson (soldier)

paragraph: Andrew W. Johnson (1833–1912) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War. He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Siege of Vicksburg on May 22, 1863.

paragraph: Johnson joined the 116th Illinois Infantry in August 1862, and was discharged in February 1865.

paragraph: Section::::Union assault.

paragraph: Section::::Medal of Honor citation.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- A Forlorn Hope

description: Recipient of the Medal of Honor

wikidata_label: Andrew Johnson

wikipedia_title: Andrew Johnson (soldier)


categories: 1836 births,People of Indiana in the American Civil War,1901 deaths,People of Missouri in the American Civil War,United States Army Medal of Honor recipients,Union Army soldiers

paragraph: Louis T. Hunt

paragraph: Louis T. Hunt (1836 – 1901) was a Union Army soldier during the American Civil War. He received the Medal of Honor for gallantry during the Siege of Vicksburg on May 22, 1863.

paragraph: Section::::Union assault.

paragraph: Section::::Medal of Honor citation.

paragraph: For gallantry in the charge of the volunteer storming party on 22 May 1863.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Findagrave

paragraph: BULLET::::- A Forlorn Hope

description: Recipient of the Medal of Honor

wikidata_label: Louis T. Hunt

wikipedia_title: Louis T. Hunt


text:
jazz
Woody Shaw
Kenny Wheeler
Berklee College of Music
Danilo Perez
Paquito D'Rivera
New York City
Mark Turner
Kurt Rosenwinkel
Brad Mehldau
Ethan Iverson
Reid Anderson
Avishai Cohen
Joshua Redman
Bill McHenry
Ben Monder
Larry Grenadier
Guillermo Klein
Merkin Hall
Library of Congress Auditorium
Hammond organ
Basel
Lee Konitz
Charlie Haden
Carla Bley
Joe Lovano
Chick Corea
Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen
When I Fall in Love
Brad Mehldau
New York-Barcelona Crossing, Volumen 1
New York-Barcelona Crossing, Volumen 2
Introducing Brad Mehldau
The Art of the Trio Volume One
Places
Largo
Anything Goes
House on Hill
Chris Cheek
Blues Cruise
The Bloomdaddies
Avishai Cohen
Adama
Paquito D'Rivera
Havana Cafe
Dan Faulk
Ethan Iverson
Costumes Are Mandatory
Lee Konitz
Larry Grenadier
Mark Turner
In This World

paragraph: Jorge Rossy

paragraph: Jorge "Jordi" Rossy (born August 21, 1964) is a jazz drummer, pianist and vibraphonist.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Rossy was born in Barcelona. He started playing drums at age 11.

paragraph: Section::::Later life and career.

paragraph: Between 1980 and 1989, Rossy toured and recorded extensively with several musicians in the Spanish jazz scene, as well as with internationally acclaimed artists such as Woody Shaw, Kenny Wheeler, Jack Walrath, Dave Schnitter, Sal Nistico, Sean Levitt, and others. In 1989, he moved to Boston to study trumpet at Berklee College of Music. In Boston, Rossy became the drummer of choice for many of his peers, and joined the Danilo Perez Trio for gigs in Panama, France, Boston and New York. He subsequently joined the Paquito D'Rivera Sextet for two years.

paragraph: In 1991, Rossy moved to New York City, and played on several early recordings of many of his Boston contemporaries, including Mark Turner, Chris Cheek, Seamus Blake, Kurt Rosenwinkel. He also accompanied several other musicians then living in the New York, including Brad Mehldau, Ethan Iverson, Reid Anderson, Avishai Cohen, Joe Martin, and Freddie Bryant.

paragraph: In 1995, Rossy started touring and recording extensively with the Brad Mehldau Trio. He has also toured and recorded with The Bloom Daddies, an electric band composed of Chris Cheek, Seamus Blake, Jesse Murphy and two drummers, Rossy and, initially, Dan Reiser, but subsequently with Tony Mason. Rossy has also worked and recorded with Joshua Redman, Bill McHenry, Bruce Barth, Mike Kanan, Ben Monder, Nat Su, Steve Wilson, Mark Johnson, Larry Grenadier, and Ben Street.

paragraph: Rossy moved back to Barcelona in 2000, to raise his family and to shift his focus to piano. Since then, he has been playing and recording on piano with the Jordi Matas Quintet and the Joe Smith Septet, and has participated in several projects with Guillermo Klein, including performances at Merkin Hall in New York and at the Library of Congress Auditorium in Washington, DC.

paragraph: In 2006, Rossy recorded his first album as leader, with Albert Sanz on Hammond organ and R J Miller on drums. His second album, featured the same rhythm section but added Chris Cheek on saxophone and his son Felix Rossy on trumpet.

paragraph: As a pianist, Rossy has toured Spain, the United States, Morocco, Italy and Basel, Switzerland. Rossy has continued to support other musicians on drums, including the Lee Konitz and Ethan Iverson quartet, Charlie Haden's Quartet West and Land of the Sun Septet, Carla Bley's Liberation Orchestra, Joe Lovano’s Quartet Europa, the Kurt Rosenwinkel Quintet, the Seamus Blake Quartet, Trio 2000 with Chick Corea and Niels-Henning Ørsted Pedersen, and another trio with Brad Mehldau and Charlie Haden. His first recording playing the vibes was "Stay There", with saxophonist Mark Turner, guitarist Peter Bernstein, bassist Doug Weiss, and drummer Al Foster.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As leader/co-leader.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "When I Fall in Love" (Fresh Sound New Talent, 1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wicca" (Fresh Sounds Records, 2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ivlianus Suite" (ContraBaix /Karonte, 2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Iri's Blues" (Moskito Records, 2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gershwin" (Swit Records, 2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stay There" (Pirouet, 2015)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As sideman.

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Brad Mehldau

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New York-Barcelona Crossing, Volumen 1" (Fresh Sound New Talent, 1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New York-Barcelona Crossing, Volumen 2" (Fresh Sound New Talent, 1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Introducing Brad Mehldau" (Warner Bros., 1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Art of the Trio Volume One" (Warner Bros., 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (Warner Bros., 1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (Warner Bros., 1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (Warner Bros., 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Places" (Warner Bros., 2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (Warner Bros., 2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Largo" (Warner Bros., 2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Anything Goes" (Warner Bros., 2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "House on Hill" (Nonesuch, 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Chris Cheek

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I wish I knew" (Fresh Sound, 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A girl named Joe" (Fresh Sound, 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vine" (Fresh Sound, 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live at Jamboree: Guilty" (Fresh Sound, 2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live at Jamboree: Lazy Afternoon" (Fresh Sound, 2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blues Cruise" (Fresh Sound, 2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Saturday Songs" (Sunnyside, 2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- With The Bloomdaddies

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mosh for lovers" (1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Racer X" (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Avishai Cohen

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Adama" (Stretch, 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Paquito D'Rivera

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Havana Cafe" (Chesky Records, 1992)

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Dan Faulk

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Spirits in the Night" (Fresh Sound, 1996)

paragraph: With Ethan Iverson

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Costumes Are Mandatory" (HighNote, 2012) with Lee Konitz and Larry Grenadier

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Mark Turner

paragraph: BULLET::::- "In This World" (Warner Bros., 1998)

description: Jazz drummer

wikidata_label: Jorge Rossy

wikipedia_title: Jorge Rossy


text:
Zierikzee
Amsterdam
Dutch Reformed
minister
Watergang
Leiden University
Joost Berman
Nijmegen
Alkmaar
Conrad Busken Huet
anthology
Amsterdam
Simon
Asters
Leiden
Edward Bulwer-Lytton
Rhoda Broughton
Charlotte Mary Yonge
Peer Miegmals
Veel bloesem weinig vrucht
Gerard Bilders
D. Noothoven van Goor
Eliza Lynn Linton
Karl Friedrich Becker
Landjuweel: proza en poëzie"
G.L. Funke
Constantijn
Johannes Kneppelhout
M. Coens
Aart Admiraal
Conrad Busken Huet
Jacob Jan Cremer
Johan Gram
François Haverschmidt
Gerard Keller
Johanna Knappert
Anthony Winkler Prins
Arnoldus Stellwagen
Het Leeskabinet 1875
Asters
Landjueweel

categories: 19th-century Dutch male writers,1886 deaths,19th-century Dutch Calvinist and Reformed ministers,19th-century Dutch poets,Dutch male poets,1828 births,Dutch members of the Dutch Reformed Church,People from Amsterdam,People from Waterland,Dutch literary critics

paragraph: Alexander Johan Berman

paragraph: Ds. Alexander Johan Berman (17 September 1828 in Zierikzee–14 February 1886 in Amsterdam) was the Dutch Reformed minister of Watergang. He also engaged in literary criticism and, in his younger years, poetry. He published an anthology with works by authors of his era.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: A. J. Berman studied at Leiden University, which was also the alma mater of his father, judge and writer Joost Berman. Upon graduation Alexander Johan became in 1854 assistant minister in Nijmegen.

paragraph: In 1856 Berman was appointed minister at the Dutch Reformed Church of Watergang. Sunday, 16 November was the official start of his work. On 26 November 1857 Berman married in Alkmaar with Gerarda Blom. They had 4 children. Since Watergang was a small community and Berman, who suffered from a lung condition, did not progress to a larger community, the family struggled financially. A friend from university, the author and literary critic Conrad Busken Huet, initiated an anthology through which money was collected for the family. The anthology "Landjuweel", set up a series of which only one volume was published, was edited by Berman. The minister's wife died in 1881, aged 45.

paragraph: Due to his health condition, Berman retired in 1883, just 2 years after his silver jubilee in Watergang. He then spent some time at the city archives of Amsterdam and died in that city in 1886. Two of his children, Simon and Johan Alexander, enjoyed successful careers as a mayor and notary respectively, after training on the job.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Poetry.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1854 – "Asters. Dichtbundeltje, bijeenverzameld door eenige HH. Studenten te Leyden, Utrecht en Deventer", with J.E. Banck Jr., Didymus, J.P.N. Land, and A.J.C. Kremer. Leiden: Jacobus Hazenberg Corns Zoon.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Book reviews.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1871 – "Een beslissend ogenblik" in "Nieuw Leeskabinet" 3.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1875 – "M. van Walcheren: Penserosa" in: (David François van Heyst) "Het Leeskabinet; Mengelwerk tot gezellig onderhoud voor beschaafde kringen", Leiden: D. Noothoven van Goor, p. 7–9

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1875 – Christine Muller: Lief en leed uit eene kleine wereld / Edward Bulwer-Lytton: De familie Beaufort, "ibid", p. 9–10

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1875 – "Goed en dankbaar werk", "ibid", p. 29-33

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1875 – "Rhoda Broughton: Met vuur gespeeld", "ibid", p. 56–57

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1875 – "O. Kresz: De Arts", "ibid", p. 57

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1875 – "Charlotte Mary Yonge: De weezen van den predikant" (The Pillars of the House) "ibid", p. 58-59

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1875 – "W.J. van Bommel van Vloten: Peer Miegmals", "ibid", p. 59-60

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1875 – "T. Kuyper: De goede keuze", "ibid", p. 69-70

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1875 – "Goed en dankbaar werk", "ibid", p. 93-95

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1875 – "L. van Kleeff: Schetsen en portretten naar het leven geteekend", "ibid", p. 98

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1975 – "Abraham Faure Beeckman: De weerheidsliefde", "ibid", p. 194–196

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1875 – "Goed en dankbaar werk", "ibid", p. 248–250

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1876 – "Veel bloesem weinig vrucht", discussion of "Gerard Bilders: Brieven en dagboek (Letters and Diairy)" in: (David François van Heyst) "Het Leeskabinet; Mengelwerk tot gezellig onderhoud voor beschaafde kringen", Leiden: D. Noothoven van Goor, p. 209–220

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1877 – "Eliza Lynn Linton: Leam Dundas" (The Atonement of Leam Dundas) in: (David François van Heyst) "Het Leeskabinet; Mengelwerk tot gezellig onderhoud voor beschaafde kringen", Leiden: D. Noothoven van Goor, p. 29–32

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1877 – "Karl Friedrich Becker: Wereldgeschiedenis" (Weltgeschichte für Kinder und Kinderlehrer), "ibid", Leiden: D. Noothoven van Goor, p. 160–161

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Book edited.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1878 "Landjuweel: proza en poëzie"", Volume 1. Amsterdam: G.L. Funke. Contains:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexander Johan Berman: Introduction

paragraph: BULLET::::- Constantijn: De vloek der halfheid

paragraph: BULLET::::- Johannes Kneppelhout: Droeve Laura!

paragraph: BULLET::::- M. Coens: Op de hoogte

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aart Admiraal: Miskenning

paragraph: BULLET::::- Conrad Busken Huet: De romans van jufvrouw Hasebroek

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jacob Jan Cremer: Een mooie aprilmorgen in 't Haagsche bosch

paragraph: BULLET::::- Johan Gram: Op reis

paragraph: BULLET::::- François Haverschmidt: Uit den studententijd

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gerard Keller: Eene nabetrachting

paragraph: BULLET::::- Johanna Knappert: Emancipatie

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anthony Winkler Prins: Tea en Gelia's hedendaagsche beproevingen

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arnoldus Stellwagen: Een leekepraatjen over humor

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Het Leeskabinet 1875, contains many book reviews by Berman

paragraph: BULLET::::- Asters, the poetry book that Berman coauthored

paragraph: BULLET::::- Landjueweel, the book that Berman edited

wikidata_label: Alexander Johan Berman

wikipedia_title: Alexander Johan Berman


text:
Peking University
American Physical Society
two-dimensional electron system

categories: Fellows of the American Physical Society,American Physical Society,Chinese physicists,Date of death missing,Living people,Year of birth missing (living people)

image: 512px-谢心澄在北京大学英杰交流中心.jpg

paragraph: Xincheng Xie

paragraph: Xincheng Xie is a professor of physics and Dean, School of Physics, Peking University.

paragraph: He was awarded the status of Fellow in the American Physical Society, after he was nominated by his Forum on International Physics in 2008, for important contributions to the theoretical understanding of two-dimensional electron systems, tirelessly working for the advancement of physics in China, fostering collaborations between young physicists in China and the United States, and co-organizing a number of important international workshops and conferences.

wikidata_label: Xincheng Xie

wikipedia_title: Xincheng Xie


text:
Duke of Swabia
Salian
Henry IV
anti-king
Great Saxon Revolt
Investiture Controversy
Emperor
Papacy
Battle on the Elster
Swabian
Graf
Rheinfelden
Salian
Henry III
High Rhine
Northwestern Switzerland
Prince-Bishopric of Basel
Sankt Blasien Abbey in the Black Forest
Aargau
Kingdom of Burgundy
Rudolph II of Burgundy
Dukes of Lorraine
Ottonian dynasty
Otto III of Swabia
Agnes
Zähringen
Berthold
Frutolf of Michelsberg
King of the Romans
Matilda of Swabia
Duchy of Carinthia
Adelaide of Savoy
Otto of Savoy
Adelaide of Susa
Bertha of Savoy
Princes of the Holy Roman Empire
Coup of Kaiserswerth
Anno II of Cologne
Imperial Regalia
Saxon Rebellion
Welf of Bavaria
Thuringia
Battle of Langensalza
excommunicated
Pope Gregory VII
Trebur
Oppenheim
Rhine
Augsburg
Rome
Alpine
Walk to Canossa
Matilda of Tuscany
anti-king
Kaiserpfalz
Forchheim
Louis the Child
Conrad I of Germany
investiture
canon law
elective monarchy
simony
papal legate
Mainz
Salzburg
Magdeburg
Otto of Nordheim
Magnus of Saxony
Mainz
Siegfried I
Berthold
Würzburg
Hoftag
Ulm
Frederick of Büren
Hohenstaufen
Battle of Mellrichstadt
battle of Flarchheim
White Elster
Battle of Elster
Merseburg
Herman of Luxembourg
Agnes of Rheinfelden
Berthold II of Zähringen
Adelaide of Rheinfelden
Ladislaus I of Hungary
Bertha of Rheinfelden
Ulrich X, Count of Bregenz
Berthold of Rheinfelden

categories: 11th-century Kings of Germany,Burials in Saxony-Anhalt,Kings of the Romans,1020s births,11th-century rulers in Europe,Antikings,Investiture Controversy,Dukes of Swabia,11th-century Kings of the Romans,1080 deaths,House of Welf

paragraph: Rudolf of Rheinfelden

paragraph: Rudolf of Rheinfelden ( – 15 October 1080) was Duke of Swabia from 1057 to 1079. Initially a follower of his brother-in-law, the Salian emperor Henry IV, his election as German anti-king in 1077 marked the outbreak of the Great Saxon Revolt and the first phase of open conflict in the Investiture Controversy between Emperor and Papacy. After a series of armed conflicts, Rudolf succumbed to his injuries after his forces defeated Henry's in the Battle on the Elster.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Rudolf was the son of the Swabian count ("Graf") Kuno of Rheinfelden. He was first mentioned in a 1048 deed issued by the Salian emperor Henry III as a count in the Swabian Sisgau on the High Rhine (in present-day Northwestern Switzerland), an estate then held by the Prince-Bishopric of Basel. Rudolf's family had large possessions up to Sankt Blasien Abbey in the Black Forest and down to the Aargau beyond the border with the Kingdom of Burgundy. He probably was related to King Rudolph II of Burgundy (d. 937), the Dukes of Lorraine and the Ottonian dynasty.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Duke of Swabia.

paragraph: When Duke Otto III of Swabia died without male heirs in 1057, Empress Agnes, consort of late Henry III, appointed him Swabian duke and administrator of Burgundy. Rivalling with the Zähringen count Berthold, Rudolf according to Frutolf of Michelsberg had taken advantage of the minority of Agnes' son Henry IV, elected King of the Romans, by kidnapping his sister Matilda of Swabia. Rudolf demanded, and received, Matilda's hand in marriage (1059). In 1061 Berthold received the Duchy of Carinthia instead. When Matilda died in 1060, Rudolf subsequently, in 1066, married Adelaide of Savoy (d. 1079), a daughter of Count Otto of Savoy and Adelaide of Susa. When Adelaide's sister Bertha of Savoy married Henry IV in 1066, Rudolf became brother-in-law to the king twice over.

paragraph: During Agnes' regency, the Princes of the Holy Roman Empire could further strengthen their position against the Imperial authority. In the 1062 Coup of Kaiserswerth, several princes led by Archbishop Anno II of Cologne even abducted the minor king to enforce the surrender of the Imperial Regalia. When Henry came of age in 1065, he continued the policies of his father against the reluctant Saxon nobility, sparking the Saxon Rebellion in 1073. While other princes like the Carinthian duke Berthold of Zähringen or Duke Welf of Bavaria distanced themselves, Rudolf supported Henry's campaigns in Thuringia, when he was a primary force in the 1075 Battle of Langensalza against the insurgents. However, after the joint victory, Rudolf became estranged to the king and rumours occurred that he was involved in adversarial conspiracies. Empress Agnes repeatedly had to arbitrate between the parties.

paragraph: Finally when the Investiture Controversy broke out and King Henry was excommunicated by Pope Gregory VII in February 1076, Duke Rudolf met with Berthold, Welf and several other princes in Trebur in order to decide on a course of action and to arrange a new election. Henry, observing the proceedings from his camp in Oppenheim on the other side of the Rhine, had to face a massive loss of support among the German nobles and realized that he had to achieve the lifting of his ban. Pope Gregory agreed to meet with the princes at Augsburg in February 1077.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Anti-king.

paragraph: Already in January, Henry hastened to see the pope on his way to the Empire from Rome. Duke Rudolf attempted to have the Alpine passes closed, nevertheless the king through wintry weather made his Walk to Canossa, where Gregory, fearing an armed attack by Henry's forces, had found refuge with Matilda of Tuscany. By doing penance, Henry managed to achieve absolution, buying time at the price of his reputation and secular authority. The rebels continued with their plans. Rudolf was elected anti-king on 15 March 1077 at the "Kaiserpfalz" in Forchheim, where already Louis the Child and Conrad I of Germany had been crowned. The first anti-king in the history of the Empire, he promised to respect the investiture solely according to canon law, as well as the concept of the elective monarchy. Further claims raised by the princes were rejected as simony by the attendant papal legates.

paragraph: Rudolf was supported by the Archbishops of Mainz, Salzburg and Magdeburg as well as by the Dukes of Carinthia and Bavaria, the Saxon rebel Otto of Nordheim and possibly also by Duke Magnus of Saxony. He proceeded to Mainz, where on 25 May he was crowned by Archbishop Siegfried I, but soon after was forced to flee to Saxony, when the Mainz citizens revolted. This presented a problem, since the Saxon duchy was cut off from his Swabian homelands by the king's Salian territory. Moreover, the pope avoided taking sides and adopted a waiting attitude. Rudolf was accused of greed, treason and usurpation by Henry's liensmen, while his own support crumbled.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Later life.

paragraph: Rudolf gave Swabia to his son Berthold and attempted to rectify his situation by stalking Henry's forces near Würzburg, but to little effect. Meanwhile, he was deprived of Swabia by the "Hoftag" diet at Ulm in May, and the king gave the duchy to Frederick of Büren, the first Hohenstaufen ruler.

paragraph: The next year Henry waged a successful campaign to Bavaria, while Pope Gregory rejected to excommunicate Rudolf. The Battle of Mellrichstadt on 7 August 1078 proved indecisive: though the opposition forces under Otto of Nordheim were victorious, the troops of Berthold and Welf were stuck in a peasants' revolt. Rudolf found it difficult to convince the Saxons to fight beyond their borders; they viewed him as a southerner and distrusted him. He was also frustrated by the apparent reluctance of the pope to recognize his cause. In order to gain and maintain supporters, he was forced to grant large parts of the crown lands, as well as those of the church, to his followers. Nevertheless, things seemed to be improving in 1080. The battle of Flarchheim (27 January 1080) went well in his favor. On 7 March, the pope excommunicated Henry again and recognized Rudolf as king.

paragraph: Emboldened, Rudolf's forces met Henry's at the White Elster river in the Battle of Elster. The battle, which took place on 14 October 1080, would have been a huge victory for the anti-royalists. However, Rudolf lost his right hand in the battle and was mortally wounded in the abdomen. He withdrew to nearby Merseburg, where he died the next day and was buried. The majority of the support for the rebellion against Henry IV soon evaporated, but the struggle continued on in effect into 1085, with a final flare up in 1088 under Rudolph's successor, the second anti-king, Herman of Luxembourg.

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: With his second wife, Adelaide, Rudolf had at least four (and perhaps five) children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Agnes of Rheinfelden, married Berthold II of Zähringen

paragraph: BULLET::::- Adelaide of Rheinfelden, married King Ladislaus I of Hungary

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bertha of Rheinfelden, Countess of Kellmünz, married Ulrich X, Count of Bregenz

paragraph: BULLET::::- Otto (died young)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Berthold of Rheinfelden (the identity of Berthold's mother is disputed)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- M. Black-Veldtrupp, "Kaiserin Agnes (1043-1077). Quellenkritische Studien" (Cologne, 1995).

paragraph: BULLET::::- D. Schwennicke, "Europäische Stammtafeln. Stammtafeln zur Geschichte der Europäischen Staaten. Neue Folge Band XII, Schwaben"

paragraph: BULLET::::- E. Hlawitschka, ‘Zur Herkunft und zu den Seitenverwandten des Gegenkönigs Rudolf,’ in "Die Salier und das Reich, vol. 1: Salier, Adel und Reichsverfassung", ed. S. Weinfurter with H. Kluger (Sigmaringen, 1991), pp. 175-220.

paragraph: BULLET::::- T. Struve, ‘Das Bild des Gegenkönigs Rudolf von Schwaben in der zeitgenössischen Historiographie,’ in "Ex ipsis rerum documentis. Festschrift für Harald Zimmermann zum 65. Geburtstag", ed. K. Herbers, H. H. Kortüm, C. Servatius (Sigmaringen, 1991), pp. 459-475.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- H. Bresslau and P. Kehr, eds., "Die Urkunden Heinrichs III", MGH Diplomata 5 (Berlin, 1931).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vita Heinrici IV. imperatoris", ed., W. Eberhard, MGH Script. rer. Germ. 58 (Hannover and Leipzig, 1899).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Liber de unitate ecclesiae conservanda" in W. Schwenenbecher, ed., MGH Libelli, 2 (Hannover, 1892), pp. 184-284.

description: German anti-king

wikidata_label: Rudolf of Rheinfelden

wikipedia_title: Rudolf of Rheinfelden


text: O.P.

text: Dominican

text: friar

text: Conquest of the Americas

text: bishop

text: South America

text: Oropesa

text: Puná Island

text: Oropesa

text: Toledo

text: Francisco Pizarro

text: conquistador

text: Hernán Cortés

text: University of Salamanca

text: Priory

text: Salamanca

text: professed

text: ordained

text: Piura

text: Battle of Caxamarca

text: Great Inca

text: Atahuallpa

text: crucifix

text: breviary

text: Cuzco

text: parish church

text: Hernando Pizarro

text: Native Americans

text: Protector of the Natives

text: Inquisitor

text: Holy See

text: diocese

text: Charles V

text: Bishop of Cuzco

text: Pope Paul III

text: consistory

text: consecrated

text: Diego de Almagro

text: cathedral

text: Church of the Triumph

text: Viracocha Inca

text: Diego de Almagro II

text: Puná Island

text: Guayaquil

text: Bartolomé de Las Casas

text: Philip II

text: Conquistadors

text: Spanish conquest of Peru

text: History of Peru

text: Library of Congress

categories: Murdered Roman Catholic bishops,Bishops of Cusco,Spanish Roman Catholic bishops in South America,Spanish Dominicans,University of Salamanca alumni,16th-century Roman Catholic bishops,Roman Catholic missionaries in New Spain,17th-century Roman Catholic bishops,1541 deaths,1490s births,People from the Province of Toledo,16th-century Spanish people,Dominican missionaries,Dominican bishops,Spanish explorers,Spanish Roman Catholic missionaries

paragraph: Vincente de Valverde

paragraph: Vicente de Valverde y Alvarez de Toledo, O.P. or Vincent de Valle Viridi was a Spanish Dominican friar, who was involved in the Conquest of the Americas, later becoming the Bishop of Cuzco. He became the first resident bishop in South America. He was born in Oropesa, Spain, about 1495 and most sources claim he died on Puná Island, now part of Ecuador, in 1541, at the hands of the indigenous peoples.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was born in Oropesa, near Toledo, at the end of the 15th century. He was the son of Francisco de Valverde and Ana Alvarez de Toledo, and was related to many noble families of the region, in particular to that of Francisco Pizarro, the conquistador of Peru, and that of Hernán Cortés, the conqueror of Mexico. In 1515 he was sent to study at the University of Salamanca. While a student there, he later asked to be received into the Dominican Order, which he was in 1523 at the Priory of San Esteban at Salamanca. He became a professed friar of the Order in April 1524, being ordained a priest within the next few years.

paragraph: Valverde accompanied Pizarro as a missionary on his intended voyage of the conquest of Peru according to the 1529 agreement. He arrived in Peru about 1530, although it is not certain whether he traveled directly there with Pizarro from Spain in 1529 or arrived at San Miguel de Piura in 1531 with re-enforcements from Panama, the initial staging base for the Spanish forces.

paragraph: Before the Battle of Caxamarca on 16 November 1532, Valverde endeavoured to obtain the Great Inca Atahuallpa's peaceful submission. When Atahualpa rejected a pact of friendship with Pizarro, Friar Vicente joined in the conversation: “He came forward holding a crucifix in his right hand and a breviary in his left and introduced himself as another envoy of the Spanish ruler . . . Friar Vicente called upon the Inca to renounce all other gods as being a mockery of the truth.” Atahualpa simply replied that he could not change his beliefs in the all powerful and ever living Sun and other divinities.

paragraph: Following the death of Atahualpa, Pizarro saw no further obstacles to his conquest and decided to march into Cuzco on 15 November 1533, bringing Valverde along with him and his followers. On 23 March 1534, a church was erected in Cuzco and became Valverde's parish church. Pizarro also gave him a large native commandery, whom Valverde allegedly mistreated by simply using them as slaves.

paragraph: Valverde headed back to Spain later that year to assist Pizarro's brother, Hernando Pizarro, in his negotiations at court. There he presented to the emperor, by order of Pizarro, an account of the conquest, under the title of "Relacion de la Conquista de los Reynos de Peru", in which he claimed that the Native Americans could scarcely be considered as human beings, as they had no souls.

paragraph: He was nominated bishop of Cuzco in 1535.

paragraph: In 1536 Valverde was named Protector of the Natives and Inquisitor. That same year, the Holy See established Cuzco, the royal city of the Incan kings, as the seat of the first diocese of the Catholic Church in South America, covering the entire continent, up to modern Nicaragua. Emperor Charles V, named Valverde as the first Bishop of Cuzco; Pope Paul III ratified this choice in a consistory held in January 1537.

paragraph: After being consecrated as a bishop, Valverde returned to Peru in the beginning of 1538, just before the execution of Diego de Almagro, which he had unsuccessfully tried to prevent. The new bishop found the spiritual duties for his vast diocese arduous, especially combined with those of the office of Protector of the Natives. This forced him to cross the members of the military constantly, as the adventurers who made up the Spanish armies had no thought of justice or mercy to the Indians. In 1539 Valverde had work begun for the first cathedral of the diocese, now the Church of the Triumph, built on the site of a temple attached to the palace of Viracocha Inca, the last native ruler of the region. On 11 March 1540 he officiated at its consecration.

paragraph: After the assassination of Francisco Pizarro by forces of Diego de Almagro II in June 1541, Valverde fled to Panama, where his brother had been appointed as governor by Pizarro. He halted for a brief stay on Puná Island, near Guayaquil, in Ecuador, where he was captured and put to death by the local indigenous people on 31 October 1541.

paragraph: Section::::Criticisms.

paragraph: By far Valverde's negative and contradictory side was his alleged mistreatment of the natives of Peru whom, instead of teaching the Catholic faith, he oppressed, enslaved and forced to work for the Church. These charges came about when Valverde was later appointed by Pizarro on a commission to apportion lands and natives to the royal officers, along with the lawyer, Antonio de Game, whom Pizarro had appointed Supreme Judge of Cuzco. The latter charged Valverde in a letter to the emperor, dated 10 March 1539, with arbitrary acts and insisted that instead of protecting the natives, he only mistreated them and sought to confiscate their lands, and always gave the greater part to himself and his assistant. (This was the complete opposite to what Bartolomé de Las Casas, another Spanish Dominican friar and bishop, did years later by defending the natives' rights in works he published and in visits to Spain to inform King Philip II of the abuses committed against the local natives by the Conquistadors.)

paragraph: The validity of these charges is in dispute, however, as they are not universally mentioned by chroniclers of the period, and the main accusers might have had political reasons for these charges, as opponents of the Pizarro regime.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Spanish conquest of Peru

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of Peru

paragraph: Section::::External links and additional sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Francisco Pizarro Response to a Petition by Pedro del Barco, 1539 Apr. 14. From the Collections at the Library of Congress (Document is counter-signed by Fray Vicente de Valverde)

description: Spanish bishop and missionary

wikidata_label: Vincente de Valverde

wikipedia_title: Vincente de Valverde


text:
Canadian
Italian
ice hockey
2010 IIHF World Championship

categories: Kootenay Ice players,Asiago Hockey 1935 players,Italian ice hockey players,Medicine Hat Tigers players,Ice hockey people from British Columbia,HC Varese players,Regina Pats players,Tri-City Americans players,Living people,1982 births

paragraph: Patrick Iannone

paragraph: Patrick Iannone is a Canadian-born Italian professional ice hockey player who participated at the 2010 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Italian National men's ice hockey team.

description: Canadian-born Italian ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Patrick Iannone

wikipedia_title: Patrick Iannone


text:
Italian
ice hockey
HC Pustertal Wölfe
Serie A
2010 IIHF World Championship
brother-in-law
Swedish
Jonas Almtorp

categories: Italian ice hockey players,1984 births,Sportspeople from Bolzano,Living people

paragraph: Max Oberrauch

paragraph: Max Oberrauch (born April 26, 1984) is an Italian professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing with the HC Pustertal Wölfe in the Italian Serie A.

paragraph: He participated at the 2010 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Italian National men's ice hockey team.

paragraph: He is brother-in-law of Swedish ice hockey player Jonas Almtorp.

description: Italian ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Max Oberrauch

wikipedia_title: Max Oberrauch


text:
Italian
ice hockey
2010 IIHF World Championship
Italy men's national ice hockey team
Tommy Jakobsen
Norway
Hull Olympiques
Quebec Major Junior Hockey League
Kamloops Blazers
Western Hockey League

categories: Ice hockey players at the 1994 Winter Olympics,Ice hockey players at the 1998 Winter Olympics,1972 births,Italian ice hockey players,Kamloops Blazers players,Germanophone Italian people,Olympic ice hockey players of Italy,Hull Olympiques players,Living people

paragraph: Roland Ramoser

paragraph: Roland Ramoser (born September 3, 1972) is retired Italian ice hockey player who participated at the 2010 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Italy men's national ice hockey team. Over the course of his career he participated in 17 IIHF World Championship tournaments, 13 in the top division. At the time of his retirement in 2011, Ramoser had participated in the second most World Championships, behind Tommy Jakobsen of Norway. At the age of 18 he went to Canada and played for the Hull Olympiques of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League and the Kamloops Blazers of the Western Hockey League before going back to Europe.

description: Italian ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Roland Ramoser

wikipedia_title: Roland Ramoser


text:
French
Guérin
Picot
Luxembourg Gallery

categories: Artists from Paris,1799 births,19th-century French painters,French male painters,1877 deaths

paragraph: Édouard Cibot

paragraph: François Barthélemy Michel Édouard Cibot (1799–1877) was a French historical and landscape painter born in Paris. His masters were Guérin and Picot. During the first part of his career he devoted himself to historical painting, producing many sacred works, several specimens of which are to be seen in the churches of Paris. His most

paragraph: important work of this kind is the series of paintings representing 'Charity,' in the church of St. Leu at Paris. About 1863 he applied himself to landscape painting. He died in Paris in 1877. Amongst his best works are:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Loves of the Angels". 1835.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Regina Coeli". 1846.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "St. Theresa". 1847.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Convicts in 1788". 1836.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chestnut-trees at Aulnay". 1855.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Park at Orsay". 1857.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Gouffre, near Seineport". 1864. (In the Luxembourg Gallery.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "View at Soisy-sur-Ecolle". 1865.

alias: François Barthélemy Michel Edouard Cibot

alias: François Edouard Barthélémy Michel Cibot

description: French painter

wikidata_label: Édouard Cibot

wikipedia_title: Édouard Cibot


text:
Canadian
Italian
ice hockey
goaltender
Luleå HF
Elitserien
Toronto
OPJHL
Vaughan Vipers
HC Asiago
Vince
2010 IIHF World Championship
Italy men's national ice hockey team

categories: Timrå IK players,Italian ice hockey players,1984 births,Ice hockey people from Ontario,Canadian ice hockey goaltenders,Sportspeople from Toronto,Luleå HF players,Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Sweden,Living people

paragraph: Daniel Bellissimo

paragraph: Daniel Bellissimo (born August 15, 1984) is a Canadian-born Italian professional ice hockey goaltender. He is currently playing with Luleå HF of the Swedish Elitserien. Is active GM of Streetsville in the SOHL

paragraph: Born in Toronto, Bellissimo played junior hockey in the OPJHL for the Vaughan Vipers. He moved to the Italian team HC Asiago in 2006, where he played with his brother Vince. He won two Top League title in Italy.

paragraph: Thanks to his Italian origins, he participated at the 2010 IIHF World Championship as a member of the Italy men's national ice hockey team.

description: Canadian-born Italian ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Daniel Bellissimo

wikipedia_title: Daniel Bellissimo


text: silent film

text: actress

text: Winnipeg

text: Manitoba

text: accountant

text: née

text: England

text: nurse

text: Red Cross

text: World War I

text: Benjamin Bowles Hampton

text: Hollywood

text: California

text: silent film

text: melodrama

text: comedies

text: westerns

text: patrician

text: Adolphe Menjou

text: Tom Mix

text: Wallace Beery

text: Lon Chaney

text: Rin Tin Tin

text: Where the North Begins

text: Warner Bros.

text: bankruptcy

text: The Big Parade

text: King Vidor

text: John Gilbert

text: Renée Adorée

text: The Penalty

text: Lon Chaney

text: grazier

text: London

text: Mayfair

text: Victoria

text: Australia

text: Mooramong

text: Western District

text: Melbourne

text: South Yarra

text: Victorian

text: Jazz Age

text: Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost

text: chic

text: Government House

text: A$

text: Windsor, Victoria

text: animal welfare

text: National Trust of Victoria

text: wildlife sanctuary

text: fauna

text: flora

text: Skipton

text: Lort Smith Hospital

text: Guide to the Claire Adams Photographs.

text: Profile and picture at Northern Stars

text: Flinders University

categories: Canadian nurses,1896 births,20th-century Canadian actresses,Canadian philanthropists,Canadian film actresses,Canadian silent film actresses,Canadian expatriates in Australia,Actresses from Winnipeg,1978 deaths

paragraph: Claire Adams

paragraph: Claire Adams (24 September 1898 – 25 September 1978) was a silent film actress and benefactor. She was born in Canada, studied there and in England, and developed a movie career in Hollywood, marrying a producer.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Beryl Vere Nassau Adams, known as Claire Adams was born on 24 September 1898, in Winnipeg, Manitoba, the daughter of Stanley Wells Adams, a Welsh-born accountant, and his Canadian wife, Lillian Adams ("née" Kennedy). Educated in Canada and England, her parents divorced when Adams was a child, but the family was reunited two decades later when Adams and her mother went to live with Adams' father and her stepmother.

paragraph: Adams worked briefly as a nurse with the Red Cross during World War I. "The Salina Evening Journal" reported 25 December 1920 that: "During the war she became a nurse in a Detroit hospital, training for the Red Cross, but at the end of a year her health was broken down and she was sent home."

paragraph: Section::::Film.

paragraph: In 1920, Adams signed a five-year contract with Benjamin Bowles Hampton, a Hollywood producer and her future husband. She later moved to California where she acted in more than 40 silent films, including melodramas, comedies and westerns.

paragraph: Described as "patricianly beautiful," Adams worked with many of Hollywood's leading actors, including Adolphe Menjou, Tom Mix, Wallace Beery, and Lon Chaney. In 1923 she was Rin Tin Tin's leading lady in "Where the North Begins", which was a huge success and is often credited with saving Warner Bros. from bankruptcy. She later maintained that Rin Tin Tin was her "favourite leading man".

paragraph: Her best-known film was "The Big Parade", the second-highest-grossing silent film in cinematic history. It was directed by King Vidor, and Adams had a major role, alongside John Gilbert and Renée Adorée. Perhaps her most memorable role was in the 1920 film "The Penalty", in which she played Barbara, the artist who helps humanise the crippled crime boss played by Lon Chaney .

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Adams married Hampton, 21 years her senior, in Hollywood on 18 September 1924. They had no children. He died in 1932 leaving her very wealthy. In 1937, Adams met Donald John Scobie Mackinnon (always known as Scobie), the second son of wealthy Australian newspaper manager, grazier and racehorse owner, Lauchlan ("L.K.S.") Mackinnon, at a party in London, and three weeks later, on 1 April, they married in Mayfair.

paragraph: After a protracted honeymoon, Mackinnon brought Adams to Victoria, Australia in March 1938. The couple divided their time between Mooramong, their Western District grazing property, and their Melbourne townhouse at 220 Domain Road South Yarra. They entertained often at Mooramong, which they transformed from a staid Victorian homestead into a Jazz Age showpiece. On their frequent trips to Melbourne to attend the races and innumerable cocktail parties, they travelled in their Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost. Adorned in smart hats and chic outfits, and often graced with diamonds, Adams was an exotic figure at Government House functions and at the racecourse.

paragraph: On his death in 1974, Scobie Mackinnon's estate, worth A$2,111,729, was left entirely to Adams. The marriage was childless.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Adams died on 25 September 1978, in Windsor, Victoria, aged 80, and was cremated. After generous bequests to family, friends, and animal welfare bodies, she left the remainder of her estate to the National Trust of Victoria for the creation of a wildlife sanctuary and fauna and flora park at Mooramong.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: She was a life governor of Skipton Hospital and vice president of Lort Smith Hospital for sick animals.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Photoplay" Dec,1924

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Film Index", No 3, 1970, p. 12

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Social History Report on Morramong, Skipton" by D. Hellier (1989). National Trust of Australia, Victoria branch.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: Section::::External links.:Archival collections.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guide to the Claire Adams Photographs. Special Collections and Archives, The UC Irvine Libraries, Irvine, California.

paragraph: Section::::External links.:Other.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile and picture at Northern Stars

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography in the Australian Dictionary of Biography/a

paragraph: BULLET::::- This Woman's Work: The Onscreen and Offscreen War Service of Clair Adams Mackinnon(The Epoch Times by Heather Robinson-Flinders University-; c.November 11, 2015)

description: Canadian actress

wikidata_label: Claire Adams

wikipedia_title: Claire Adams


text:
Francis II, Duke of Lorraine
House of Salm
seigneur
Bastille
semi-sovereign
Imperial counts
Holy Roman Empire
Duke Charles III
Vaudémont
appanage
Lorraine
patriline
Duke Henry II of Lorraine
Charles de Lorraine, Duke of Lorraine
Nicolette de Lorraine
Béatrice de Cusance
Lexin
Louis II, Cardinal of Guise
Nicolas de Lorraine, Duke of Lorraine
Claude de Lorraine
Marguerite de Lorraine
Gaston de France, Duke of Orléans

categories: 1575 births,Duchesses of Lorraine,1627 deaths

paragraph: Christina of Salm

paragraph: Countess Christina of Salm (1575–1627), was a duchess consort of Lorraine; married in 1597 to Francis II, Duke of Lorraine.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: She was the daughter of Paul, Count zu Salm and head of the House of Salm (c. 1535 – c. 1595) by his wife, Marie Le Veneur, of whom he was a second cousin-once-removed, the couple sharing descent from Philippe L'Huillier, "seigneur" de Manicamp and de Cailly, governor of the Bastille.

paragraph: Although the Salms had been semi-sovereign Imperial counts since 1475, neither they nor the Le Veneurs were reckoned among the major magnates of either the Holy Roman Empire or of France in the 16th century. However, when Francis married Christina, he was only the third son of Duke Charles III, destined for the countship of Vaudémont as appanage rather than for the sovereignty of Lorraine. Indeed, to prevent the duchy from leaving the patriline (and to legitimate its usurpation), Francis and Christina's sons would eventually be wed to the two daughters of his elder brother, Duke Henry II of Lorraine.

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Henri de Lorraine, Marquis of Hattonchâtel (1602–1611) died in childhood;

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Charles de Lorraine, Duke of Lorraine (1604–1675) married Nicolette de Lorraine, no issue; married Béatrice de Cusance and had issue;

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Henriette de Lorraine (1605–1660), married Louis de Lorraine, Prince of Lexin, no issue, son of Louis II, Cardinal of Guise;

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Nicolas de Lorraine, Duke of Lorraine (1609–1670) married Claude de Lorraine and had issue;

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Marguerite de Lorraine (1615–1672), married Gaston de France, Duke of Orléans and had issue;

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Christine de Lorraine (1621–1622) died in infancy.

description: Duchess of Lorraine

wikidata_label: Christina of Salm

wikipedia_title: Christina of Salm


text:
Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine
Charles II, comte d'Aspremont
Rekem

categories: 1692 deaths,Duchesses of Lorraine,1650s births

paragraph: Marie Louise d'Aspremont

paragraph: Marie Louise d'Aspremont (1651 or 1652 – 23 October 1692), was a duchess consort of Lorraine; married in 1665 to Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine.

paragraph: She was the daughter of Charles II, comte d'Aspremont, Count of Rekem and of Marie Françoise de Mailly. They had no children and in 1679, a widow, she married Count Heinrich Franz von Mansfeld, Prince di Fondi, by whom she had two daughters.

description: French noble

wikidata_label: Marie Louise d'Aspremont

wikipedia_title: Marie Louise d'Aspremont


text:
catcher
First baseman
Outfielder
Major League Baseball
Chicago Orphans
Pinch hitter
Reserve clause
RBIs
pitch
Dead-ball era
doubles
triples
Home run
Wahconah Park
Pittsfield Electrics
Connecticut League

categories: Rochester Bronchos players,Springfield Ponies players,Torrington Tornadoes players,Minneapolis Millers (baseball) players,19th-century baseball players,Indianapolis Indians players,1945 deaths,Major League Baseball outfielders,Waterbury Authors players,Waterbury Spuds players,Major League Baseball first basemen,St. Louis Cardinals players,Nashville Vols players,Waterbury Finnegans players,1871 births,Major League Baseball catchers,Waterbury Champs players,Chicago Orphans players,Baseball players from New Hampshire,Waterbury Invincibles players,Bangor Millionaires players,Pittsfield Electrics players,Springfield Maroons players

paragraph: Art Nichols

paragraph: Arthur Francis Nichols (born "Arthur Francis Meikle") (July 14, 1871 – August 9, 1945) was a catcher, First baseman, and Outfielder in Major League Baseball.

paragraph: Nichols primarily played as a backup. Offensively, his best batting average year was in 1898, his rookie season, with the Chicago Orphans where he batted .286 with a slugging percentage of .310, although he did only play in 14 games, all at catcher. The following year his average dropped to .255 but his slugging improved to .362. He played in 17 games that year (15 at catcher, two as a Pinch hitter). In 1900, still with the Orphans, he played in eight games as catcher, batting .200 and slugging .200. Not much is known as to whether he was traded to the St.Louis or if he signed because of free agency (which is very unlikely due to the Reserve clause), but once there he saw much more game play. Once in St. Louis he saw more play at other positions besides catcher.

paragraph: In his first season for St. Louis (1901), he made 93 appearance during the season, 47 at catcher, 40 playing in the outfield, and six as a pinch hitter. His offensive numbers improve from the year prior, batting .244 and slugging .308. He drove in a career high 33 RBIs. He was also hit ten times by pitch, which was fifth most in the league that year. Most of his appearances in 1902 were at first base. He played 56 games at first, 11 at catcher, and four in the outfield. He also made two appearances as a pinch hitter. His offensive numbers again improved, batting .267 and slugging .327. although his RBIs dropped from 33 to 31. In 1903, his use defensively dropped. He played 34 games defensively, 25 at first, two at catcher, and seven in the outfield. He also made two appearances as a pinch hitter. He batted a career low .192. His slugging percentage was .208, only eight points over his career low of .200 in 1900.

paragraph: Nichols spent the majority of his career in the minors. Defensively in the minors he played not only catcher, first base, and the outfield, but he also played 13 career games at shortstop, 22 at third base, and 27 at second base. Nichols retired from baseball at the age of 41.

paragraph: Considering he played during the Dead-ball era his offensive numbers were very respectable. He also had 51 stolen bases in his career, with his best year coming in 1902 when he stole 18. He ended his career in MLB with 194 hits, (28 doubles, 3 triples, and 3 Home runs). He made 22 errors in his career for an overall field percentage of .970. He is one of the one hundred players to play at Wahconah Park with previous major league experience, playing there in 1913 with the Pittsfield Electrics of the now defunct Connecticut League. He died on August 9, 1945 at the age of 74.

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Art Nichols

wikipedia_title: Art Nichols


text:
modern jazz
Detmold
Berklee College of Music
John Taylor
Joanne Brackeen
Paul Bley
Richie Beirach
Lee Konitz
Enja Records
Lionel Loueke
Thomas Morgan
Enja Records
ECM Records
Echo Music Prize

categories: German male pianists,21st-century pianists,1977 births,German jazz composers,Male jazz composers,German jazz pianists,Living people

paragraph: Florian Weber

paragraph: Florian Weber (born 11 November 1977) is a German pianist and composer of modern jazz.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Weber was born on 11 November 1977 in Detmold His family was musical: "his father was a music professor and his mother an opera singer. He began learning the piano at the age of four and had played in both classical and jazz ensembles by the time he left high school." In 1999, he received a scholarship to attend Berklee College of Music in Boston. Later, he studied with John Taylor in Cologne, Joanne Brackeen and Paul Bley in Boston, and Richie Beirach and Lee Konitz in New York.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Together with bassist Jeff Denson and drummer Ziv Ravitz, Weber founded Minsarah (Hebrew for "prism") in 2002. Their 2006 eponymous album was awarded the German Record Critics' Prize.

paragraph: The saxophonist Lee Konitz began working with the Trio Minsarah in 2006, and the group became a quartet. They began to tour, mainly in the United States. Their first CD, "Deep Lee", was released by Enja Records around 2008. A concert was recorded and released as "New Quartet Live at the Village Vanguard".

paragraph: In 2011, Weber founded a group called Biosphere with Lionel Loueke (guitar), Thomas Morgan (bass) and Dan Weiss (drums). Their album "Biosphere" was released by Enja Records. The same label released Weber's trio album "Criss Cross".

paragraph: Weber recorded the duet album "Alba" with trumpeter Markus Stockhausen for ECM Records around 2016, and recorded the quartet "Lucent Waters" for the same label in 2017.

paragraph: Section::::Awards and honors.

paragraph: In 2013, Weber received an Echo Music Prize for best instrumentalist of the year (piano/keyboard). In January 2014, he received the WDR Jazz Prize for jazz improvisation.

description: German composer and pianist

wikidata_label: Florian Weber

wikipedia_title: Florian Weber


text:
S.J.
Jesuit
conchology
lacquer
Society of Jesus
novitiate
Roman College
Athanasius Kircher
Orvieto
Ancona
cabinet of curiosities
Francesco Redi
molluscs
dextral
sinistral
conchology
Linnaean
seashells
Linnaean
microscope
spontaneous generation
Francesco Redi
coin
papacy
engraving

categories: Italian entomologists,Conchologists,Catholic clergy scientists,Jesuit scientists,Italian scholars,Italian Jesuits,1723 deaths,1638 births,17th-century Italian people,Italian Roman Catholic priests,People from Rome

paragraph: Filippo Bonanni

paragraph: Filippo Bonanni; S.J. or Buonanni (7 January 1638 – 30 March 1723) was an Italian Jesuit scholar. His many works included treatises on fields ranging from anatomy to music. He created the earliest practical illustrated guide for shell collectors in 1681, for which he is considered a founder of conchology. He also published a study of lacquer that has been of lasting value since his death.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Bonanni was born in Rome in 1638, and entered the Society of Jesus in 1654, when he was still 17 years old. After his novitiate, in 1656 he was sent to study at the Society's noted Roman College. There he became a pupil of the German scientist, Athanasius Kircher. While a student there, he undertook the manufacturing of microscopic lenses. He used his lenses to create his own microscope and to develop scientific studies of a number of specimens. He also became a skilled copper plate engraver.

paragraph: From Rome, Bonanni was sent to teach in the Jesuit Colleges of Orvieto and Ancona. Upon Kircher's resignation of the post of Professor of Mathematics at the Roman College, Bonanni was chosen to succeed him. After Kircher's death in 1698, Bonanni was appointed curator of the well-known cabinet of curiosities (collection of antiquities) gathered by Kircher and installed in the Roman College. He published a catalogue of the collection in 1709, titled "Musæum Kicherianum".

paragraph: Bonanni followed Aristotle in believing in theories of spontaneous generation. In critiquing the experimental work of Francesco Redi, Bonanni defended the Aristotelian view. Though he raised important questions—such as whether viewers through a microscope tended to see what they expected, rather than what was there—later writers tended to discount Bonanni as support for Aristotelianism waned.

paragraph: Nonetheless, in early writing about the nature and origins of fossils, Bonanni admitted doubts about whether theories of transport could account for the numbers and distribution of fossils. He later speculated that fossils could be divided into two groups—the remains of organisms, and the "products of natural powers." Such interpretations were consistent with the new and challenging idea that the earth must have undergone "extraordinary alterations" to explain the diversity of types and locations of fossils.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Conchology.

paragraph: Bonanni created the earliest practical illustrated guide for shell collectors, "Recreatione dell'occhio e della mente" (1681). The two-volume guide was the first treatise devoted entirely to molluscs and included numerous engravings. Bonanni's work is significant for his careful attempts to precisely describe shell morphology. Unfortunately, due to the printing and engraving process, the spirals shown on the shells were reversed from dextral to sinistral, a mirror image problem that later books avoided. Zoological taxonomies of the time were based on visual characteristics, and Bonanni paid special attention to both form and color, and showed details (sometimes fanciful) of the creatures inside the shells. Although his work predated the adoption of Linnaeus' system of binomial nomenclature (genus + species), Bonanni laid the foundation for the new discipline of conchology. Several later Linnaean names were based on Bonanni's work, including the name of the class "Bivalvia", which he introduced.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Lacquer.

paragraph: Among other topics, Bonanni wrote of the ingredients craftsmen in China used to make the lacquer they used on porcelain, a popular import item for Europe at the time. Like other researchers of the day, he went on to experiment with various recipes to recreate the lacquer used on porcelain and furniture. In 1720, Bonanni published his studies in "Trattato sopra la vernice detta communemente cinese" (1720), or "Treatise on the Varnish commonly called Chinese". This work was republished repeatedly over the next century in several languages, and was re-issued in 1994 in its original Italian version.

paragraph: Section::::Scientific work.

paragraph: Bonanni was made excellent observations, which are embodied in several works:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ricreatione dell' occhio e della mente.

paragraph: Bonanni was a shell collector and was the author of the first book devoted solely to seashells, published in Rome in 1681. Several later Linnaean names were based on his illustrations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Observationes circa Viventia, quae in Rebus non Viventibus

paragraph: Using a three lens microscope, in this work published in 1691 Bonanni tried to show that spontaneous generation was possible in animals "without blood and a heart", in contradiction of Francesco Redi’s experimental work. The compilation of knowledge and quality of the illustrations made this an important work.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Numismata Pontificum Romanorum

paragraph: A two-volume study started in 1696 and completed in 1702 of the coins issued by the papacy over the centuries.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Musæum Kircherianum, sive Musaeum a P. Athanasio Kirchero in Collegio Romano Societatis Jesu... descriptum

paragraph: The catalogue of Kircher's collection (1709).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Trattato sopra la vernice detta communemente Cinese

paragraph: His work on lacquer, published 1720.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gabinetto Armonico pieno d'istromenti sonori

paragraph: Issued first time in 1722, and immediately reprinted in 1723, this is a splendid collection of 148 engravings of musical instruments from around the world.

alias:
Filippo Buonanni
Buonanno
Bonandi
Bonorank
Bonanini
Bonanni
Buon Anni
Filippo Bonani

description: Jesuit priest and scientist

wikidata_label: Filippo Bonanni

wikipedia_title: Filippo Bonanni


text:
KT
FRS
Scottish nobleman
James Scott, Earl of Dalkeith
James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth
Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch
Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester
Charles II of England
St. James's Church, Westminster
Grand Master of Freemasons
Fellow of the Royal Society
Spalding Gentlemen's Society
Oxford University
Knight of the Thistle
Lady Jane Douglas
James Douglas, 2nd Duke of Queensberry
Dalkeith Castle
Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch
Hall Place
Hurley
Eton College
Lady Louisa Stuart

categories: Dukes of Buccleuch,1694 births,Scottish landowners,Scottish representative peers,1751 deaths,Fellows of the Royal Society,House of Stuart,Freemasons of the Premier Grand Lodge of England,People from Hurley, Berkshire,Clan Scott,Knights of the Thistle

paragraph: Francis Scott, 2nd Duke of Buccleuch

paragraph: Francis Scott, 2nd Duke of Buccleuch, KT, FRS (11 January 1695 – 22 April 1751) was a Scottish nobleman.

paragraph: Section::::Family background.

paragraph: Buccleuch was the son of Sir James Scott, Earl of Dalkeith (son of James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth and Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch) and Lady Henrietta Hyde, daughter of Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester. Through his father, Charles II of England was his great-grandfather. Scott was baptised on 20 January 1695 in St. James's Church, Westminster.

paragraph: Following the death of his father in 1705, he was styled the Earl of Dalkeith, until he succeeded to the dukedom of Buccleuch, 6 February 1732, on the death of his grandmother, who was Duchess of Buccleuch in her own right. At the same time, other titles in the Scottish peerage came his way: Earl of Dalkeith and Baron Scott of Whitchester and Eskdale.

paragraph: His grandfather, the Duke of Monmouth, was the illegitimate son of Charles II who raised a rebellion upon James II and VII's accession to the English, Scottish and Irish thrones, and was beheaded for it. Monmouth's noble titles were consequently forfeit, but in March 1743 two of those titles were restored to his progeny when the House of Lords passed a bill making Buccleuch the 2nd Earl of Doncaster, as well as 2nd Baron Scott of Tindall, both in the English peerage (conferred 22 March 1743).

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In his youth he attended Eton College. Throughout his adult life Buccleuch associated himself with institutions that promoted learning. He was a freemason, member of the Grand Lodge at a period when scientific interests figured prominently in its pursuits. From 24 June 1723 to 24 June 1724 he held the office of Grand Master of Freemasons. He was invested as a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) on 12 March 1724. He was closely associated with the Spalding Gentlemen's Society, a learned society of antiquaries, and he was the first to hold its office of Patron, inaugurated in 1734. On 18 April 1745 he was awarded the honorary degree of Doctor of the Civil Law by Oxford University.

paragraph: His interest at the court of George I was sufficient for him to be invested as a Knight of the Thistle on 2 February 1725. In 1734 he entered the House of Lords when he was elected a Scottish representative peer. In 1740 and 1741, however, he signed protests produced by the opposition, including the November 1741 protest calling for the removal of Sir Robert Walpole from office. It is no surprise that Buccleuch in turn lost the support of the administration at the Scottish peers election of 1741 and consequently failed to be re-elected. He would, nonetheless, return to the House of Lords when he became Earl of Doncaster in 1743.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Buccleuch married, firstly, Lady Jane Douglas, daughter of James Douglas, 2nd Duke of Queensberry, and Mary Boyle, on 5 April 1720 in Earl of Rochester's House, Privy Gardens, Whitehall. They had two sons and three daughters. Lady Jane died in 1729 and is buried at Dalkeith Castle. He married, secondly, Alice Powell, daughter of Joseph Powell, on 4 September 1744 in St. George's Chapel, Mayfair, London, England. Both of his sons predeceased him, so he was succeeded by his grandson Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch. According to his will, he had six other children by Sarah Atkinson. He also appears to have had a son and three daughters by Elizabeth Jenkins.

paragraph: He possessed several estates, some in Scotland and others in England. These included, in Scotland, Dalkieth Palace and Bowhill House, and in England he had estates at Spalding in Lincolnshire, and in Berkshire at Langley and Hall Place at Hurley.

paragraph: Buccleuch was buried on 26 April 1751 in Eton College Chapel. Lady Louisa Stuart called him "a man of mean understanding and meaner habits", and added that after his first wife's death "he plunged into such low amours, and lived so entirely with the lowest company, that his person was scarcely known to his equals, and his character fell into utter contempt." Though a distant kinswoman by marriage and therefore privy to family remembrances of Buccleuch, Stuart's judgment must be treated with caution; she had no first-hand knowledge of the man, having not yet been born at the time of his death.

description: 2nd Duke of Buccleuch

wikidata_label: Francis Scott

wikipedia_title: Francis Scott, 2nd Duke of Buccleuch