text:
CBS
INXS
Mississauga
Ontario
Salt Springs, Pictou County
Cawthra Park Secondary School
West Pictou Consolidated School
pug
Elvis Presley
Toronto
SkyDome
Ontario
Elvis Presley
Beyblade
CBS
Switch
Pretty Vegas
Billboard
Entertainment Tonight Canada
Chris Murphy
Vancouver Olympics
2010 Sucrogen Townsville 400
Townsville
Broome, Western Australia
VMware
VMWorld
Moscone Center
AFL Grand Final
Melbourne
Broome, Western Australia
Kirk Pengilly
Buenos Aires
Santiago
Iquique
Sound Academy
Toronto
The Stairs
X
iTunes
Original Sin
Miami Medical
Criminal Minds
Stone Pony
Official JD Fortune myspace music page

categories: Musicians from Nova Scotia,INXS members,Canadian rock singers,Canadian male singers,Musicians from Mississauga,People from Oakville, Ontario,Canadian singer-songwriters,Singing talent show winners,Canadian expatriates in Australia,Canadian people of English descent,20th-century Canadian singers,People from Pictou County, Nova Scotia,Living people,1973 births

paragraph: J.D. Fortune

paragraph: J.D. Fortune (born Jason Bennison on September 1, 1973) is a Canadian rock singer and songwriter. He was the winner of the 2005 CBS reality television series "", and fronted INXS until August 2011.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life.

paragraph: J.D. Fortune was born Jason Bennison in Mississauga, Ontario and raised in Salt Springs, Pictou County, Nova Scotia. J.D. grew up listening to his grandfather sing and started performing at a very young age. He attended Cawthra Park Secondary School and West Pictou Consolidated School but dropped out before graduating after being offered a job on a television show. Bennison is his estranged father's name, and Fortune is his mother's maiden name. He has a sister, Sarah-Jane, and a pug named "Presley" (after Elvis Presley).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early music career.

paragraph: Fortune performed at the Friendship Festival and at Toronto's SkyDome in front of 50,000 people. He also worked as an entertainer and pop songwriter for an Ontario TV show, an Elvis Presley impersonator he fronted a band named JUICe, which recorded an album named "In Retrospect", and recorded the song "Always Be In The Game" for the Beyblade V-Force: Let It Rip soundtrack.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:"Rock Star: INXS"/INXS.

paragraph: Fortune was living in his car, under a bridge, when he applied for and was selected as a contestant on CBS's TV show, "". On September 20, 2005, after an eleven-week televised audition process, Fortune won and joined INXS.

paragraph: INXS, with Fortune, released their album "Switch" in November 2005. Three singles from the album were released over the next twelve months including the track "Pretty Vegas" which was co-written by Fortune and INXS's Andrew Farris, amongst others. The week of February 25, 2006, "Pretty Vegas" reached its highest charting at Number 7 on the Billboard Hot Adult Top 40 Tracks.

paragraph: On February 16, 2009, J.D. revealed in an interview with "Entertainment Tonight Canada" that INXS fired him from the band with a handshake at a Hong Kong airport. Fortune admitted to heavy cocaine use during the latest INXS tour and he acknowledged that his drug habit had likely contributed to INXS' decision. Fortune stated he had been off cocaine for the past 2 years and, at the time, he was living out of his car and had put all his remaining money into his solo album "The Death of a Motivational Speaker". Former INXS manager and now record company head Chris Murphy responded at the time by saying that Fortune had never been fired by the band, but that the band was reluctant to continue working with him because of the drug-use allegations.

paragraph: In 2010, Fortune performed with INXS several times. On February 24, 2010, Fortune performed with INXS at the Vancouver Olympics in a sold out performance. On July 10, 2010, INXS, fronted by Fortune, performed at an outdoor concert for an estimated 13,000 people at the 2010 Sucrogen Townsville 400 in Townsville, Australia. On July 16, 2010, JD fronted INXS at an outdoor concert at the Mangrove Resort in Broome, Western Australia. On September 1, 2010, Fortune performed with INXS before 17,000 attendees of VMware's 2010 VMWorld at the Moscone Center, San Francisco. On September 25, 2010, INXS and Fortune headlined the pre-match entertainment at the AFL Grand Final Event in Melbourne, Australia. During a radio interview prior to the performance in Broome, Western Australia, Kirk Pengilly confirmed that Fortune is a permanent member of INXS.

paragraph: On September 29, 2010 INXS announced an Australian tour for early 2011. The tour, with JD Fortune, included eight performances across Australia from January 25, 2011 to February 12, 2011. This was followed by three performances in South America: Buenos Aires, Argentina, Santiago, Chile and Iquique, Chile in February 2011. JD Fortune and INXS returned to Canada for a performance at the Sound Academy in Toronto Ontario on March 2, 2011.

paragraph: On October 19, 2010 INXS released the single "The Stairs", featuring JD Fortune (the original version of "The Stairs" had appeared on INXS' 1990 album, "X") on iTunes Canada. This tune was followed by the November 2010 release of an album of primarily previously released songs as performed by a number of artists. The album, "Original Sin", was released in Australia and Canada. A bonus track, "Love Is" with J.D. Fortune was released in Australia through iTunes.

paragraph: In 2011, INXS with J.D. Fortune completed shows in Australia, England, Portugal, South America, Canada and the United States. In September 2011, J.D. Fortune and INXS announced that they had mutually agreed to go their own separate ways and pursue different artistic projects. Later Fortune said, "I had no idea I had left INXS the second time to be honest with you. I woke up August 18 and I had to find out from their web site, which, to this day, I still find bizarre."

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Solo music.

paragraph: In March 2010, Fortune announced that a previously unreleased solo work, entitled "One More Day", would be used in CBS television on-air campaign for a new television series "Miami Medical". The series aired on April 2, 2010. "One More Day" is a previously unreleased track from a new CD that is being worked on. In September 2011, J.D. Fortune announced that he was developing several projects as a solo artist that were on hold until he had completed his obligations with the INXS tour.

paragraph: On February 8, 2011, Fortune announced via Twitter that his song "Wicked World" would begin airing in a promotion for an episode of the CBS Television program "Criminal Minds".

paragraph: On July 10, 2012, he played his first live performance for the public with his new band Fortune. Some of the members of Fortune are fellow Canadians from the band Crush Luther. The show was at Stone Pony in Asbury Park, New Jersey.

paragraph: On March 4, 2014, he began the sevenin7 project. Writing, recording, producing and releasing a new song each day for 7 days. Two "Seven in 7" albums were released through Red Rebel Music.

paragraph: On January 6, 2015, Fortune signed with manager Gerry Pass of Chrome Artists Management, LLC in Los Angeles. On August 27, 2015 he was in Nashville, Tennessee, working with writers and producers, and preparing to record his new country rock singles.

paragraph: As of August 2016, Fortune resides in Pictou County, Nova Scotia.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official JD Fortune myspace music page

description: Canadian singer and songwriter

enwikiquote_title: J.D. Fortune

wikidata_label: J.D. Fortune

wikipedia_title: J.D. Fortune


text: nurse theorist

text: Johns Hopkins School of Nursing

text: National League for Nursing

text: International Council of Nurses

text: American Nurses Association

text: Welland, Ontario

text: Merritton, Ontario

text: Bellevue Hospital

text: Cook County Hospital

text: Johns Hopkins School of Nursing

text: William Osler

text: Lavinia Dock

text: National League for Nursing Education

text: gynecology

text: Case Western Reserve University

text: American Nurses Association

text: Teachers College, Columbia University

text: M. Adelaide Nutting

text: Lavinia Dock

text: Florence Nightingale

text: History of nursing in the United States

categories: American nurses,Medical school textbook writers,Writers from Chicago,Johns Hopkins University faculty,1910 deaths,1860 births,American textbook writers,American women nurses

paragraph: Isabel Hampton Robb

paragraph: Isabel Adams Hampton Robb (1860–1910) was an American nurse theorist, author, nursing school administrator and early leader. Hampton was the first Superintendent of Nurses at the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, wrote several influential textbooks, and helped to found the organizations that became known as the National League for Nursing, the International Council of Nurses, and the American Nurses Association. Hampton also played a large role in advancing the social status of nursing through her work in developing a curriculum of more advanced training during her time at the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and career (1859-1889).

paragraph: Isabel Hampton was born in Welland, Ontario, on August 26, 1859. Hampton started early her teaching profession at the early age of 17 at a public school in Merritton, Ontario. She attended a collegiate institution after high school, but a significant part of her early education was attained through independent study. Hampton enrolled in the Bellevue Hospital Training School for Nurses in 1881 and graduated in 1883. After graduation, she briefly worked as a nurse in New York and later went to work in Rome at St. Paul's House. Here, she worked for a hospital that served American and European travelers.

paragraph: Upon returning the United States, she worked as a private duty nurse for the Conover family in New Jersey. In 1886, Hampton went to Chicago and assumed the role of superintendent of Illinois Training School for Nurses at the Cook County Hospital.

paragraph: During her time in Chicago, she implemented reforms, many of which are still followed today. One of her most notable contributions to the system of nursing education was the implementation of a grading policy for nursing students. Students would need to prove their competency in order to receive qualifications. Before Hampton's reforms, nursing had been largely taken up by lower-class women who were unable to hold other jobs.

paragraph: Section::::Career at Johns Hopkins (1889-1894).:Early impact on Hopkins Nursing.

paragraph: In 1889, Hampton was appointed the superintendent of nurses and principal of the training school at the new Johns Hopkins School of Nursing. Hampton's strong leadership and educational background was immediately recognized by the chairman of the Johns Hopkins Hospital, William Osler, after he said the following during the interviewing process: "Miss Isabel Hampton entered the room looking like an animated Greek statue...we knew that all was settled...Her certificates were looked at...and all was settled in a few minutes." She continued to suggest reforms, participate in teaching, and publish textbooks. Right from the beginning, Hampton extended the nursing program's length from 2 to 3 years, while also establishing eight-hour workdays for nurses. She also eliminated stipends, began a Nurses' Alumnae Association, and created a Nurses' Journal Club.

paragraph: Section::::Career at Johns Hopkins (1889-1894).:"Nursing: Its Principles and Practice".

paragraph: It was during her time at Hopkins that Hampton wrote the famous "Nursing: Its Principles and Practice". The textbook was published in 1893 and, as a review of the second edition of the textbook that appeared in the Journal of the American Medical Association stated, the textbook "stands without a competitor." This text was not only unique, but critical to a better understanding of nursing as a whole because it included in-depth analyses of topics including: an outline for a 3-year long nursing curriculum, economics of hospital wards, proper hygiene protocol in hospitals, and protocol for bacteriological notes and proper bed making. Such comprehensive detail in one foundational text brought about a sense of structure in nursing and demonstrated its crucial role in the hospital environment. As Hampton said, herself: "This arrangement at the same time will relieve the nurses of much of the domestic side of their work and thus enable them to devote more time to actual nursing, with the result that the patients will receive better care."

paragraph: Her book is known for "standardizing the education for nursing in the United States and abroad."

paragraph: Section::::Career at Johns Hopkins (1889-1894).:Further impact on the nursing field.

paragraph: In 1893 at the World's Fair in Chicago, Hampton organized the nurses section of the International Congress of Charities, Correction and Philanthropy. This laid the foundation for Hampton and Lavinia Dock to found the American Society of Superintendents of Training Schools for Nurses of the United States and Canada, a precursor to the current National League for Nursing Education. Hampton later served as the president of this organization.

paragraph: Hampton stated that she had shown so much interest in Johns Hopkins because the institution "would be the first in this country to have a primary interest in education, research, and health care."

paragraph: Section::::Later life and career (1894-1910).

paragraph: In 1894, Hampton left Johns Hopkins to marry Dr. Hunter Robb, who was an obstetrician/gynecologist at Johns Hopkins. Hampton and Robb moved to Ohio, where Robb had a new position as professor of gynecology at Case Western Reserve University. Hampton and her husband had two children, in 1895 and 1902.

paragraph: In 1896, Hampton became the first president of the American of the Nurses' Associated Alumnae of the United States and Canada, which has since become the American Nurses Association. Hampton also played roles in both establishing the American Journal of Nurses and a course on Hospital Economics at the Teachers College, Columbia University in 1899. Hampton, M. Adelaide Nutting, and Lavinia Dock were among the first professors for this course. They offered their services pro bono.

paragraph: She was a key figure in the development for curriculum for the Lakeside Hospital Training School for Nurses, the nucleus for Case Western's future School of Nursing, as a member of the Lady Board of Governors. Lakeside's program became one of the first schools to implement the teachings of Florence Nightingale.

paragraph: Hampton was an active member of the Matrons Council, a small international group of nurses concerned with professional development. A committee to establish the International Council of Nurses was created in 1899. Hampton served as an American representative.

paragraph: Hampton also authored "Nursing Ethics" in 1900 and "Educational Standards for Nurses" in 1907. In a 1901 review of "Nursing Ethics", the "Baltimore American" said, "This text-book differs from any other on the market at the present time, in that it deals simply with the principles and practice of nursing, and omits the usual smattering of teaching on a great variety of subjects. The author books, each dealing with a single subject, such as anatomy, physiology, materia medica, massage, bandaging and invalid cookery, particularly insists that for thorough training in nursing it is necessary that each nurse should be supplied with various additional which are quite distinct from, although supplementary to, the principles of nursing."

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Hampton died on Friday, April 15, 1910 while walking on Euclid Avenue in Cleveland. She was on the way to her son's dance class with a friend. She stepped between two streetcar tracks to avoid being hit by a rapidly approaching automobile. Two streetcars passed on the tracks on either side of her and she was instantly killed. She is buried in St. Mary's Cemetery of Burlington, New Jersey.

paragraph: Section::::Awards and legacy.

paragraph: In 1976, Hampton was posthumously inducted to the American Nurses Association Hall of Fame.

paragraph: The following awards and funds carry on Isabel Hampton's legacy by promoting leadership, perseverance, and innovation in the nursing field. They are among the most prestigious nursing commendations one can receive today.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Isabel Robb Memorial Fund - supports the Graduate Nurses' Association and nursing school scholarships

paragraph: BULLET::::- Isabel Hampton Robb Leadership Award - presented to a Student Nurses' Association state president whose leadership characteristics best resemble those of Isabel Hampton Robb

paragraph: BULLET::::- The NLN Isabel Hampton Robb Award for Outstanding Leadership in Clinical Practice - awarded to he/she who best reflects the ideals of Isabel Hampton Robb in the clinical setting

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of nursing in the United States

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gilfether C. The age of nursing. "CWRU Magazine" - Fall 1998.

paragraph: BULLET::::- James, Janet Wilson. "Isabel Hampton and the Professionalization of Nursing in the 1890s," in Morris J. Vogel and Charles E. Rosenberg, eds. "Therapeutic Revolution: Essays in the Social History of American Medicine" (1979) pp 201–244

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kaufman M et al. "Dictionary of American medical biography". Greenwood Press, Westport CN, vol 2. Page 640.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ramos, Mary Carol. "The Johns Hopkins Training School For Nurses: A Tale Of Vision, Labor, And Futility," "Nursing History Review" (1997), Vol. 5, pp 23–48.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Isabel Hampton Robb Collection" at The Alan Mason Chesney Medical Archives of The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions

description: American nurse, professor and author

wikidata_label: Isabel Hampton Robb

wikipedia_title: Isabel Hampton Robb


text:
Italian
Renaissance
Tuscany
Giuliano da Sangallo
Antonio da Sangallo the Elder
Perugino
Michelangelo
Vasari
Battle of Cascina

categories: 1481 births,Italian male painters,Italian Renaissance painters,16th-century Italian painters,15th-century Italian painters,1551 deaths,Italian male sculptors,Tuscan painters,Italian sculptors

paragraph: Bastiano da Sangallo

paragraph: Bastiano da Sangallo (1481May 31, 1551) was an Italian sculptor and painter of the Renaissance period, active mainly in Tuscany. He was a nephew of Giuliano da Sangallo and Antonio da Sangallo the Elder. He is usually known as "Aristotile", a nickname he received from his air of sententious gravity. He was at first a pupil of Perugino, but afterwards became a follower of Michelangelo. Sangallo was mentioned by Vasari as one who made a small copy of the Cartoon of Michelangelo's "Battle of Cascina" (1506).

alias:
Aristotile Sangallo
Aristotile da Sangallo
Sebastiano Sangallo
Aristotele Da Sangallo
Bastiano da San Gallo
Bastiano Da Sangallo
Aristotile San Gallo
Aristotile
Sebastiano da Sangallo

description: Italian painter

wikidata_label: Bastiano da Sangallo

wikipedia_title: Bastiano da Sangallo


href: Poland surgery orthopedist polio World%20Health%20Organization polio

text:
Polish
surgeon
orthopedist
polio
World Health Organization
polio

categories: 1995 deaths,Polish orthopaedic surgeons,1896 births

paragraph: Wiktor Dega

paragraph: Wiktor Dega (1896-1995) was a Polish surgeon. He was an orthopedist who was well known for his work on polio. He served as an expert for the World Health Organization. He created new apparatus and devices to help accident victims and survivors of polio, as well as new therapies and operations for congenital dislocations of the hip.

description: Polish surgeon

wikidata_label: Wiktor Dega

wikipedia_title: Wiktor Dega


text:
ancient Greeks
Twenty-fourth dynasty of Egypt
Sais
Lower Egypt
Manetho
Tefnakht
Sextus Julius Africanus
Apis Bull
lamb
Egypt
Assyria
Claudius Aelianus
Shebitqo
Twenty-fifth dynasty
Kush
Twenty-first dynasty
Diodorus Siculus
law
contract
debt
bond
Nile Delta
Robin Lane Fox
scarab-seal
Ischia
Bay of Naples
Tacitus
land reform
Apis bull
stela
Auguste Mariette
Serapeum
Saqqara
Tarquinia
an inscribed vase with his names

categories: Executed Egyptian people,People executed by ancient Egypt,Pharaohs of the Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt,People executed by Egypt by burning,1st-millennium BC executions,Nile Delta,Executed ancient Egyptian people,8th-century BC deaths,8th-century BC Pharaohs,8th-century BC births

paragraph: Bakenranef

paragraph: Bakenranef, known by the ancient Greeks as Bocchoris, was briefly a king of the Twenty-fourth dynasty of Egypt. Based at Sais in the western Delta, he ruled Lower Egypt from c. 725 to 720 BC. Though the Ptolemaic period Egyptian historian Manetho considers him the sole member of the Twenty-fourth dynasty, modern scholars include his father Tefnakht in that dynasty. Although Sextus Julius Africanus quotes Manetho as stating that "Bocchoris" ruled for six years, some modern scholars again differ and assign him a shorter reign of only five years, based on evidence from an Apis Bull burial stela. It establishes that Bakenranef's reign ended only at the start of his 6th regnal year which, under the Egyptian dating system, means he had a reign of 5 full years. Bakenranef's prenomen or royal name, "Wahkare", means "Constant is the Spirit of Re" in Egyptian.

paragraph: Manetho is the source for two events from Bakenranef's reign. The first is the story that a lamb uttered the prophecy that Egypt would be conquered by the Assyrians, a story later repeated by such classical authors as Claudius Aelianus ("De Natura Animalis" 12.3). The second was that Bakenranef was captured by Shebitqo, a king of the Twenty-fifth dynasty, who executed Bakenrenef by having him burned alive. A Kushite king, Shebitqo extended his rule over the whole of Egypt, which had been split since the Twenty-first dynasty.

paragraph: Diodorus Siculus, writing about three centuries after Manetho, adds some different details. Diodorus states that although Bakenranef was "contemptible in appearance", he was wiser than his predecessors (1.65). The Egyptians attributed to him a law concerning contracts, which provided for a way to discharge debts where no bond was signed; it was observed down to Diodorus' time (1.79). For this, and other acts, Diodorus included "Bocchoris" as one of the six most important lawgivers of ancient Egypt. For a minor kinglet briefly in control of the Nile Delta, this is an unexpectedly prominent ranking: "He was a surprising choice," Robin Lane Fox observes, "Perhaps some Greeks, unknown to us, had had close dealings with him; from his reign we have scarab-seals bearing his Egyptian name, one of which found its way into a contemporary Greek grave on Ischia up near the Bay of Naples." Ischia was the earliest of eighth-century BC Greek colonies in Italy.

paragraph: The Roman historian Tacitus mentions that many Greek and Roman writers thought he had a part in the origin of the Jewish nation:

paragraph: Section::::Land reform failure.

paragraph: King Bakenranef initiated a land reform, but it did not succeed. Shebitqo deposed and executed Bakenranef by burning him alive at the stake. This effectively ended the short-lived 24th Dynasty of Egypt as a potential rival to the Nubian 25th Dynasty. Although the Manethonic and classical traditions maintain that it was Shebitku's invasion which brought Egypt under Kushite rule, the king burning his opponent, Bocchoris-Bakenranef, alive, there is no direct evidence that Shabaqo did slay Bakenranef, and although earlier scholarship generally accepted the tradition, it has recently been treated more sceptically.

paragraph: Section::::Contemporary records.

paragraph: Despite the importance implied by these writers, few contemporary records of Bakenranef have survived. The chief inscription of his reign concerns the death and burial of an Apis bull during Years 5 and 6 of his reign; the remainder are a few stelae that Auguste Mariette recovered while excavating the Serapeum in Saqqara. In a tomb in Tarquinia in Italy was found an inscribed vase with his names.

description: Egyptian Pharaoh

wikidata_label: Bakenranef

wikipedia_title: Bakenranef


text: Irish

text: Peelite

text: independent

text: Conservative

text: Tory

text: Trinity College, Dublin

text: BA

text: King's Inns

text: Dublin

text: Mayfair

text: London

text: Parliament of Ireland

text: Benjamin Disraeli

text: Dunleer

text: Act of Union 1800

text: Great Britain

text: Parliament of the United Kingdom

text: West Loee

text: Cornwall

text: Bank of Ireland

text: William Pitt the Younger

text: Foxite

text: Grenvillite

text: Lord Melville

text: Pittite

text: 1806 general election

text: Tralee

text: Viscount Castlereagh

text: Cashel

text: Henry Wellesley

text: Radicals

text: William Madocks

text: Arthur Wellesley

text: Chief Secretary for Ireland

text: Jacobinism

text: John Foster

text: Spencer Perceval

text: Maldon

text: Colchester

text: Daniel Whittle Harvey

text: Thomas Barrett-Lennard

text: George Allanson-Winn

text: Orford

text: by-election in 1826

text: Horace Seymour

text: Bodmin

text: 1830 general election

text: Whig

text: Thomas Barrett-Lennard

text: Grey ministry

text: Reform Bill

text: Parliament Boundaries Act 1832

text: rotten borough

text: Reform Act 1867

text: Young England

text: 1847 general election

text: Aylesbury

text: by-election in 1848

text: John Peter Deering

categories: UK MPs 1832–1835,UK MPs 1835–1837,UK MPs 1802–1806,1777 births,UK MPs 1847–1852,Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies,UK MPs 1837–1841,UK MPs 1826–1830,UK MPs 1830–1831,1858 deaths,UK MPs 1807–1812,Tory MPs (pre-1834),UK MPs 1841–1847,UK MPs 1831–1832

paragraph: Quintin Dick

paragraph: Quintin Dick (7 February 1777 – 26 March 1858) was an Irish Peelite, independent, Conservative, and Tory politician, and barrister.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Born in Dublin, Dick was the eldest child of East India merchant and proprietor Samuel Dick and Charlotte née Forster, daughter of Nicholas Forster. He graduated from Trinity College, Dublin with a BA in 1797, before becoming a barrister of King's Inns, Dublin, in 1800. He died at his home in Mayfair, London, in 1858, unmarried, leaving an estate worth almost £300,000.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.

paragraph: Over the course of 52 years, Dick represented six constituencies as a Member of Parliament, including one for the Parliament of Ireland. He was seen as "dandified and stiff, old-fashioned in dress as in politics" and his "lavishly illuminated" Mayfair dinners, leading to the nickname "Jolly Dick, the lamplighter"—commented upon by Benjamin Disraeli as unsuited to his habitual expression. Also known as "Carrotty Quintin" due to his wealth, Dick was unpopular.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.:Dunleer MP.

paragraph: Dick first entered politics as a representative for Dunleer in the Parliament of Ireland in March 1800, immediately opposing the Act of Union 1800. However, when that act passed later that year, unifying the parliaments of Ireland and Great Britain into the Parliament of the United Kingdom, Dunleer was disenfranchised and Dick left without a seat.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.:West Looe MP.

paragraph: However, upon inheritance of his father's wealth in 1802, Dick entered the UK Parliament in 1803 as an independent member for West Loee in Cornwall by purchase. Entering the Commons in 1804. Within a month of entering the House, he raised objections to debate on the Irish exchange and currency, arguing it diminished the public's confidence in the Bank of Ireland. Later that year, he also expressed some objection to William Pitt the Younger's additional force bill, voting against it in June, causing him to be listed as a Foxite and Grenvillite by Pitt's friends in September. However, by April 1805, he was voting with the government minority against Lord Melville's censure, and was then in July listed as a Pittite. He then held the seat until the 1806 general election when he did not seek re-election.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.:Cashel MP.

paragraph: Initially offering £5,000 for Tralee—a payment blocked by Viscount Castlereagh for his previous lack of support for the administration—Dick returned to parliament in 1807, becoming a Tory MP for the Irish borough of Cashel through a purchase from Henry Wellesley. However, this part of his career was also short-lived as he resigned in 1809 when unwilling to vote with the administration to block an investigation into Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany's alleged abuse of military patronage.

paragraph: Although he saw his resignation as a matter of honour, he complained of receiving no rebate for vacating the seat, leading to a call from Radicals, namely William Madocks, for an inquiry into governmental abuse of power. Brought forward on 11 May 1809, the motion was defeated by a vote of 310 against to 85 for. Arthur Wellesley, the Chief Secretary for Ireland responded the next day, describing the failure as "rather a damper upon Jacobinism". Dick wrote to Madocks, as well as his kinsman John Foster, assuring them that the alleged corruption was "totally unfounded" and that accusations Spencer Perceval had put put pressure on Dick to resign were wrong, and instead he had pressed him to remain in the house.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.:1826 election.

paragraph: After a long period outside of Parliament, and being "thrown out of his gig and nearly killed" in August 1820, Dick sought election as a Tory professing independence at Maldon at the 1826. At first securing the support of Colchester Radical MP Daniel Whittle Harvey, on the basis his politics would be congenial, Dick stood on an anti-Catholic agenda. However, at the nomination he landed third, behind his fellow candidates Thomas Barrett-Lennard and George Allanson-Winn, and then came third and last at the eventual election, narrowly defeated by 53 votes.

paragraph: The poll saw Dick and his fellow candidates rack up considerable bills, with more than £50,000 estimated to have been spent on transport, treating and admission fees. Dick himself spent £4,000 on tavern bills. Barrett-Lennard's electoral agent, who had admitted the Whigs' campaign had been "bad", also said the "purse of Mr. Dick" would lead to the seat only represented by those "who can afford to contest the place".

paragraph: Section::::Political career.:Orford MP.

paragraph: Charges were again levelled at him that he was "merely a wealth cat's paw" for the Tories, and later that year he paid an additional £4,000 to become MP for Orford at a by-election in 1826—called when "his friend" Horace Seymour chose to sit for Bodmin, which he had also been elected to at the general election. In this seat, Dick opposed Catholic emancipation right up to when Lord Hertford told his members to vote for it in 1829.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.:Maldon MP.

paragraph: At the 1830 general election, Dick left Orford to successfully seek election, unopposed, as a Tory at Maldon, alongside the Whig Thomas Barrett-Lennard.

paragraph: The two members were on either side of the debate over the Grey ministry's Reform Bill—with Barrett-Lennard supporting and Dick opposing—which would see Maldon reduced to one seat. During a debate over the motion in the House of Commons, Dick made arguments against the partial disenfranchisement of the constituency, and it was at one point suggested it could be combined with Heybridge to create a viable two-member constituency but this was concluded unfeasible due to the high cost of the 1826 election. However, the Parliament Boundaries Act 1832 added Heybridge to the old borough, and the seat retained its two MPs.

paragraph: While the Reform Act was designed to reduce corruption and remove rotten boroughs, in Maldon it increased the corruption by creating a "manageable and venal resident electorate", leading to every election being 1832 and the Reform Act 1867 being contested via an election petition. Despite this, becoming a Conservative in 1834 and a "peripheral" Young Englander in the 1840s, Dick retained the seat until the 1847 general election when he was defeated. Dick then sought election again in 1852 as an independent conservative, and 1854 as a Peelite.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.:Aylesbury MP.

paragraph: Nevertheless, Dick's protectionist record and money allowed him to gain the Aylesbury seat as a Conservative at a by-election in 1848, caused by the election of John Peter Deering being declared void due to treating. He held the seat until 1852.

paragraph: Section::::Military.

paragraph: Dick also served in the military, becoming captain of the West Essex militia in 1839, and Lieutenant-Colonel from 1846 to 1852.

description: British politician and socialite (1777–1858)

wikidata_label: Quintin Dick

wikipedia_title: Quintin Dick


text: humanist

text: Pavia

text: Peter of Candia

text: Manuel Chrysoloras

text: Filippo Maria Visconti

text: Ambrosian Republic

text: Francesco Sforza

text: Pope Nicholas V

text: Pope Callixtus III

text: Alfonso the Great

text: Pius II

text: Duke of Ferarra

text: Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio

text: Republic

text: Aeneid

text: Decembrio - family of scholars

categories: People from Pavia,Italian Renaissance writers,15th-century Italian writers,Italian Renaissance humanists,15th-century Italian poets,1477 deaths,1399 births

paragraph: Pietro Candido Decembrio

paragraph: Pietro (also known as Pier and Piero) Candido Decembrio (in Latin, Petrus Candidus Decembrius) (1399–1477) was an Italian humanist and author of the Renaissance, and one of those involved in the rediscovery of ancient literature.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: The son of the humanist Uberto Decembrio, Piero Candido Decembrio was born in Pavia, and named after his father's employer Peter of Candia. He was a pupil of his father's friend and teacher Manuel Chrysoloras in Florence. In 1419 he became secretary to Filippo Maria Visconti, Duke of Milan, and served in this post for nearly thirty years, continuing as secretary of the Ambrosian Republic after the Duke's death. When Francesco Sforza came to power in the city, Decembrio lost his position. He then found work in the chancery of Pope Nicholas V, but with several other humanists, he left after the accession of Pope Callixtus III and travelled instead to the Neapolitan court of Alfonso the Great of Aragon.

paragraph: After Alfonso's death in 1458 he returned to Rome as secretary to Pius II and then to Milan in 1460. In 1466 he was granted a pension by the Duke of Ferarra. In 1477 he died in Milan and is buried in the Basilica of Sant'Ambrogio.

paragraph: He produced a Latin version of Plato's "Republic" and attempted a continuation of Virgil's "Aeneid". His grave lists 127 works.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Decembrio - family of scholars

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- A fragment of his continuation of the Aeneid

description: Italian writer and translator

wikidata_label: Pietro Candido Decembrio

wikipedia_title: Pietro Candido Decembrio


text:
Breton
French
duchess consort of Brittany
Francis I, Duke of Brittany
Isabella of Scotland
Breton War of Succession
semi-Salic Law
Treaty of Guérande
Peter II of Brittany
Francis of Étampes
House of Montfort
Château de l'Hermine
Vannes
Château de Nantes
Nantes
Nantes Cathedral
tomb
Margaret of Foix

categories: 15th-century French women,Duchesses of Brittany,15th-century Breton people,1443 births,Medieval French nobility,1469 deaths,House of Dreux

paragraph: Margaret of Brittany

paragraph: Margaret of Brittany (in Breton Marc'harid Breizh, in French Marguerite de Bretagne) (c. 1443 – 25 September 1469) was a duchess consort of Brittany. She was the elder of the two daughters of Francis I, Duke of Brittany (died 1450), by his second wife, Isabella of Scotland.

paragraph: Since the Breton War of Succession, Brittany had been understood to operate according to the semi-Salic Law: women could only inherit if the male line had died out. As expected from the provision of the Treaty of Guérande, which ended the war, neither Margaret nor her younger sister Marie were recognized as heirs to the duchy. After her father's death, her uncle Peter II of Brittany succeeded as Duke of Brittany. He was also childless, and to avoid any subsequent dispute, he arranged the marriage of Margaret to his first cousin, Francis of Étampes, the second in the order of succession and the last male left of the Breton House of Montfort; also, he arranged the marriage of the younger sister Marie to John II, Viscount of Rohan, the most powerful noble in Brittany.

paragraph: On 13 or 16 November 1455, Margaret was married to Francis of Étampes, her first cousin once removed, at the Château de l'Hermine in Vannes. She became Duchess of Brittany upon his accession in 1458. Their only son John, Count of Montfort, died at a young age.

paragraph: Margaret died on September 25, 1469 at the Château de Nantes in Nantes. She was buried in the Nantes Cathedral, in the tomb constructed for her and her husband, and later his second wife, Margaret of Foix.

description: duchess by birth and duchess consort of Brittany

wikidata_label: Margaret of Brittany

wikipedia_title: Margaret of Brittany


text:
architect
Frank Lloyd Wright
Prairie School
Pacific Northwest
Germany
United States
anti-German sentiment
World War I
Danish
carpenter
draftsman
Oak Park, Illinois
apprentice
Chicago
Rookery Building
Larkin Administration Building
Martin House
Buffalo
Spencer and Powers
Pond and Pond
Spokane, Washington
Cutter & Malmgren
Seattle
Barry Byrne
Seattle
Walter Burley Griffin
Seattle
hipped-roofed
stucco
Seattle
Seattle
Seattle
Seattle
Seattle
Seattle
Barry Byrne
Seattle
Our Lady of Good Help
Hoquiam, Washington
Seattle
gable
Martin Luther King holiday
Seattle
Seattle
Seattle
Seattle
Seattle
Seattle
Seattle
Pike Place Market
Seattle
Normandy Park, Washington
Roman brick
Seattle
University of Washington
Palazzo Pio
Rome
Italy
Frank Calvert

categories: 1974 deaths,American architects,1876 births,Handicrafts,Prairie School architecture,Architects from Seattle,German emigrants to the United States

paragraph: Andrew Willatsen

paragraph: Andrew Willatsen (8 October 1876 - 25 July 1974) was an architect chiefly remembered for bringing the influence of Frank Lloyd Wright and the Prairie School to the Pacific Northwest.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and emigration.

paragraph: Andrew Christian Peter Willatzen was born in North Germany in 1876 and came to the United States in 1900. Born with the last name "Willatzen", he changed the spelling to Willatsen c. 1918 due to anti-German sentiment during World War I. This may also explain the fact that later he always identified with the Danish in his background.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He first worked as a carpenter, then as a draftsman, and arrived at Frank Lloyd Wright's Studio in Oak Park, Illinois in 1902 or 1903. The Studio was just entering its most creative period, and Willatzen soon became a valued apprentice. He later claimed "full responsibility" for Wright's 1905 remodeling of the lobbies of Chicago's Rookery Building, and said that "The Boss" accepted his design for the fence of the Larkin Administration Building (Buffalo, NY, 1907, destroyed) without changes. Willatzen also worked on the interiors of the Martin House in Buffalo and was hired by the Martins for a 1920 remodel, while Wright was away in Japan. He also worked for the Chicago firms of Spencer and Powers and Pond and Pond.

paragraph: By 1907, Willatzen had about three years experience off and on with Wright. That year he moved to Spokane, Washington, secured a position with the prestigious firm of Cutter & Malmgren, and was soon sent to head the Seattle office and supervise the construction of the Seattle Golf & Country Club (1908) at The Highlands, north of the city.

paragraph: In 1909, Willatzen formed a partnership with Francis Barry Byrne (1883–1967), whom he had known at Wright's office. The new firm quickly began a series of homes adapting Wright's principles to the Northwest environment. The Charles E. Clarke House (1909) at The Highlands, and the Frederick Handschy House (1910) at 2433 9th Ave. W., Seattle, are large bungalows which draw on Wright's early gable-roofed Prairie houses, and also show influences from other Prairie School architects such as Walter Burley Griffin. The George Matzen House (1910) at 320 Kinnear Place, Seattle, is hipped-roofed, stuccoed, with a stunted cruciform plan typical of the Prairie style confined by a narrow, sloping site. The interlocking spaces of the interior and the custom designed leaded glass, light fixtures and furniture combined to give the Matzen House perhaps the finest of Willatzen and Byrne's executed interiors. The proposal for the A.S. Kerry Mansion (1910) at The Highlands (constructed 1911 in an abbreviated form), reflected Wright's long, low, more expansive designs. Although lacking the grand living and dining spaces of the original project, this house remains an impressive design; it is perhaps the best known of Willatzen and Byrne's work and is sometimes mistakenly attributed to Frank Lloyd Wright. The Oscar E. Maurer House (1910) at 2715 Belvidere, Seattle, the John T. McVay House (1911) at 1025 Belmont Place, Seattle, the George Bellman House (1912) at 2021 E. Lynn, Seattle, and the L. George Hagar House (1913) at 303 W. Prospect, Seattle, (also scaled down from a grander first proposal) are typical of the firm's handling of more modest homes.

paragraph: Willatzen and Byrne also designed in the Craftsman mode and various period revival styles. Most significant of these is the Stickleyesque George E. Felmlay House (1911) at 6975 47th Ave. S.W., Seattle, and the Carleton Huiscamp House at The Highlands (1912), the firm's most important eclectic work. This imposing Dutch Colonial's strong lines and fine detailing show that the partners were comfortable with period revival design. Later additions have unfortunately detracted from the house's original appearance. The firm also produced numerous business, commercial, and industrial structures, including their first project, the many oriel-windowed Nelson, Tagholm and Jensen Building (Hotel Louisa) at King Street & 7th Ave. S., Seattle, (1909).

paragraph: Barry Byrne left Seattle early in 1913, moving first to California and eventually returning to the Midwest. Byrne had a long and celebrated career, mainly in the designing of Catholic churches. Our Lady of Good Help (1910) in Hoquiam, Washington, appears to be the first of this line.

paragraph: In solo practice, Willatsen continued to design homes reflecting the Prairie idiom, including his most noted solo work, the Joseph Black House (1914) at 222 W. Highland Dr., Seattle, which illustrated the Prairie Style adapted to a more conventional, central hall type plan. The Black House was the prototype for several other Willatsen designs over the following decade, but its sweeping gable roof and continuous band of second floor windows set it apart from the others. The curved entrance canopy became a sort of Willatsen trademark, gracing numerous homes of both Prairie and Period design, and one church. This magnificent home was illegally destroyed over the Martin Luther King holiday weekend in 2004. The William E. Robinson House (1913) at 2011 11th Ave. E., Seattle, and the E.E. Vogue House (1918–19) at 1016 E. Lynn St., Seattle, are good examples of his approach to more modest homes, while the Gustav V. Rasmussen House (1921–25) at 3211 Cascadia Ave., Seattle, and Willatsen's favorite project, the O.L. Martin House (1928) at 3722 E. Prospect, Seattle, illustrate his handling of larger budget residences.

paragraph: Traditional homes also remained in his repertoire. Two 1914 commissions reflected the Tudor style. The Frederick Hurlbut House at 1015 E. Prospect, Seattle, is a very personal design with Prairie overtones. Willatsen's typical attention to detail, such as the type of hardware used, is readily apparent in this house. The Jeremiah Neterer House at 2702 Broadway E., Seattle, is a more academic work. The John H. Carter House (1916) at 1615 36th Ave., Seattle, and the Fred Burwell House (1925) at 425 35th Ave., Seattle, illustrate the Classical and Federal revival styles respectively. Besides custom homes, Willatsen produced designs for builders. A group of homes for Carl Hedeen at 1711, 1717, and 1809 NE. 63rd St. and 1738 Naomi Place, all in Seattle, (1915–17) have been identified.

paragraph: After the decline in the popularity of the Prairie School, Willatsen worked in a wide variety of styles, designing stores, churches, and many other types of structures. From 1915 to the 1960s he was the architect for general alterations to the Seattle Pike Place Market. The simplicity and common sense of his work won many loyal customers who turned repeatedly to him for their architectural needs until his retirement in the late 1940s. He continued to work occasionally in his retirement, mainly for friends and old clients. Two modest standouts from this period are the 1955 Church & North Office at 3701 SW Alaska St., Seattle, and the Richard Desimone House of 1959 at 2605 SW 170th St. in Normandy Park, Washington, a Midwest-style rambler in Roman brick.

paragraph: Andrew Willatsen died in Seattle in 1974 at the age of 97. His papers, drawings, and the furniture and art glass windows from the 1915 remodeling of his Boston Block office were acquired from Willatsen by the University of Washington shortly before his death.

paragraph: The windows are in the Architectural Library in Gould Hall. The table and chairs are in the University's Branch Office at the Palazzo Pio, Rome, Italy. A bookcase with leaded glass doors is in the office of the Dean of Architecture in Gould Hall. These are the only examples of Willatsen's furniture known to still exist.

paragraph: Willatsen was a major contributor to the development of progressive architecture in the Northwest, and he, along with Byrne, must be credited with bringing the Prairie Style to Seattle over 30 years before Wright's first Northwest commission.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliographical note.

paragraph: His surviving drawings, some notebooks, papers, and a transcription of his personal project ledger are in the Special Collections and Manuscript Sections of The University of Washington Libraries. A copy is available in the University Architecture Library in Gould Hall. Much work is also documented in contemporary periodicals such as "Pacific Builder & Engineer", "Pacific Coast Architect", and "Bungalow Magazine". Early photos of the Clarke and Kerry Houses can be found in "Homes and Gardens of the Pacific Coast" (Frank Calvert; Editor, 1913) reprinted by the Queen Anne Historical Society, Seattle, (1988).

paragraph: Section::::Other sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- H. Allen Brooks, "The Prairie School" (Toronto, Norton Press, 1972)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grant Carpenter Manson, "Frank Lloyd Wright To 1910" (NY., Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1958)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Silvia Lynn Gills, "Andrew C.P. Willatsen, Architect, A.I.A. (1876-1974)" (Unpublished thesis. 1980)

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Shaping Seattle Architecture: A Historical Guide to the Architects" (ed. Jeffrey Karl Ochsner), University of Washington Press, Seattle and London 1994, pages 168-173, 312; . The article, upon which this entry is largely based, was co-authored by Professor Grant Hildebrand and Jess M. Giessel.

description: American architect

wikidata_label: Andrew Willatsen

wikipedia_title: Andrew Willatsen


text: Caroline, Princess of Wales

text: George, Prince of Wales

text: George III of the United Kingdom

text: King of the United Kingdom

text: Hanover

text: her subsequent trial for adultery

text: Naples

text: Vice-Chancellor

text: John Leach

text: Parliament of the United Kingdom

text: queen consort

text: House of Lords

text: The Times

text: Solicitor General for England and Wales

text: John Singleton Copley

text: Henry Brougham

text: coronation

text: witness impeachment

text: prior inconsistent statement

paragraph: Theodore Majocchi

paragraph: Theodore Majocchi was an Italian servant to Caroline, Princess of Wales, the wife of George, Prince of Wales. George was the heir of King George III of the United Kingdom. After the death of George III in 1820, Prince George became King of the United Kingdom and Hanover, as George IV. Caroline became Queen, but George despised her and sought a divorce by accusing his wife of infidelity. Majocchi appeared as a prosecution witness in her subsequent trial for adultery. Though the foundation of his evidence was held to be true, he was widely suspected of perjury and caricatured.

paragraph: Majocchi was hired by Caroline's major-domo, Bartolomeo Pergami, as a manservant in 1815 in Naples. By 1818, he had left her service, and in 1819 he gave evidence to the "Milan commission", which had been set up by the Vice-Chancellor John Leach on the instructions of Prince George to gather evidence of Caroline's adultery. George and Caroline had been estranged for many years, and had led separate lives since 1796 but divorce was illegal under English law unless one of the parties could prove adultery.

paragraph: By mid-1820, George had inherited the throne from his father, George III, and he felt he had enough evidence to get the Parliament of the United Kingdom to agree to a divorce between him and Caroline. On 5 July, a bill was introduced into Parliament "to deprive Her Majesty Queen Caroline Amelia Elizabeth of the Title, Prerogatives, Rights, Privileges, and Exemptions of Queen Consort of this Realm; and to dissolve the Marriage between His Majesty and the said Caroline Amelia Elizabeth." The bill charged that Caroline had committed adultery with Bartolomeo Pergami, the head servant of her household, and that consequently she had forfeited her rights to be queen consort. The bill was effectively a public trial of the Queen, whereby the government could call witnesses against Caroline, who would be cross-examined by her legal advisors. By voting on the bill, members of the Houses of Parliament would be both jury and judges.

paragraph: Majocchi was the first witness for the prosecution. The prosecution's reliance on Italian witnesses of low birth led to anti-Italian prejudice in Britain. The witnesses had to be protected from angry mobs, and were depicted in popular prints and pamphlets as venal, corrupt and criminal. Street-sellers sold prints alleging that the Italians had accepted bribes to commit perjury. On 21 August, the day Majocchi's testimony opened, Caroline entered the chamber of the House of Lords. Shortly afterward, Majocchi was called. As he was led in, Caroline rose and advanced towards him, flinging back her veil. She apparently recognised him, exclaimed "Theodore!", and rushed out of the House. Her sudden sensational departure was seen as "burst of agony" by "The Times", but others thought it the mark of a guilty conscience. It led her defence team to advise her against attending in future unless specifically requested.

paragraph: Under examination by the Solicitor General for England and Wales John Singleton Copley, Majocchi testified that Caroline and Pergami eat breakfast together, had adjoining bedrooms, and had kissed each other on the lips. He said Pergami's bed was not always slept in, and he had seen Pergami visit the Queen wearing only underwear and a dressing gown. He said that they had slept in the same tent during a trip around the Mediterranean, and that Pergami had attended the Queen, alone, while she was having a bath. The following day, his astonishing testimony continued with the revelation that when Caroline and Pergami were travelling together in a carriage, Pergami kept a bottle with him so he could relieve himself without having to step down from the coach. The situation in the House became more absurd, as the Solicitor General asked Majocchi about a male exotic dancer employed by Caroline, after which Majocchi demonstrated a dance by pulling up his trousers, extending his arms, clicking his fingers, and shouting "vima dima!", while moving his body up and down in a suggestive fashion. "The Times" newspaper was disgusted, and informed its readers that it regretted being "obliged" to report "filth of this kind". During Majocchi's cross-examination, conducted by Henry Brougham, Majocchi replied ""Non mi ricordo" (I don't recall)" more than 200 times. The phrase was repeated so often, it became a national joke, and featured in cartoons and parodies. Majocchi's credibility as a witness was destroyed. Eventually, the bill failed but Caroline died less than a year later. She was excluded from the coronation, and was never crowned.

paragraph: The examination of Majocchi led to a significant ruling by the Lords on the legal tactic of witness impeachment by use of the witness's prior inconsistent statement which is still studied in classes on the law of evidence to this day.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Divorce Trial of Queen Caroline: Contemporary Responses and Social Attitudes

description: UK domestic servant

wikidata_label: Theodore Majocchi

wikipedia_title: Theodore Majocchi


text:
Bagrationi Dynasty
king
Kakheti
Georgia
Tsardom of Russia
Iran
Constantine I
Levan of Kakheti
Tinatin Gurieli
El-Mirza
Daud Khan of Kartli
Amilakhvari
Ottomans
Safavid Iran
Caucasus
Shah of Iran
gained the upper hand
Shamkhal
Tarki
Tsardom of Russia
Tsar
Feodor I of Russia
Simon I of Kartli
David
Shah Abbas I
Erivan
Shirvan
Islam
George
Zagem
Qizilbash
Amilakhvari
Erekle
David I of Kakheti
George
Constantine I
Cyril Toumanoff
Bagrat VII of Kartli
Manuchar I Dadiani
Prince of Mingrelia
Mohammed Khodabanda

categories: 1527 births,1605 crimes,Kings of Kakheti,Bagrationi dynasty of the Kingdom of Kakheti,16th-century people of the Safavid Empire,1605 deaths,17th-century murdered monarchs

paragraph: Alexander II of Kakheti

paragraph: Alexander II () (1527 – March 12, 1605) of the Bagrationi Dynasty, was a king of Kakheti in eastern Georgia from 1574 to 1605. In spite of a precarious international situation, he managed to retain relative economic stability in his kingdom and tried to establish contacts with the Tsardom of Russia. Alexander fell victim to the Iran-sponsored coup led by his own son, Constantine I.

paragraph: Section::::Early reign and political alliances.

paragraph: Alexander was a son of King Levan of Kakheti by his first wife Tinatin Gurieli. Upon Levan's death in 1574, Alexander secured his succession in a power struggle with his half-brothers – El-Mirza and Kaikhosro – and their party. He was aided by his kinsman and western neighbor, Daud Khan of Kartli, who sent auxiliary troops under the princes Bardzim Amilakhvari and Elizbar of the Ksani, and helped Alexander crush the opponents at the Battle of Torgi.

paragraph: Alexander II continued a traditional policy of his predecessors aimed at keeping peace with the neighbors of Kakheti. This, for the time being, secured the economic stability and prosperity in the kingdom. However, he faced a difficult task of maneuvering between the Ottomans and Safavid Iran as both empires vied for the hegemony in the Caucasus. Although Alexander was initially a vassal, at least nominally, of the Safavids, he repudiated his allegiance to the Shah of Iran and accepted the Ottoman suzerainty when the latter empire gained the upper hand in 1578. The move did not prevent, however, Kakheti from being attacked by the mountainous subjects of the Shamkhal of Tarki who was apparently instigated by the Ottoman agents. Alexander decided to resume his father's efforts to establish alliance with the Tsardom of Russia. After exchanging ambassadors in 1586–1587, Alexander received the protection of Tsar Feodor I of Russia, signing the Book of Pledge in 1589. Russian troops were sent against the shamkhal in a brief campaign of 1592. Little else came of the Russian promises, leading to a series of complaints by Alexander to the tsar's ambassadors.

paragraph: Between 1596 and 1597, envoys of Alexander II, Simon I of Kartli, and Manuchehr of Samtshke arrived at the Safavid court, including slave boys and girls, who were entertained by Prince Constantine (also known as "Kunstandil"), the son of Alexander II himself, who had been brought up at the Safavid court.

paragraph: Section::::Downfall.

paragraph: In October 1601, Alexander's son, David, revolted from the royal authority and seized the crown, forcing his father to retire to a monastery. David died a year later, on October 2, 1602, and Alexander was able to resume the throne. Meanwhile, Iran started to regain what had earlier been lost to the Ottomans. The energetic Shah Abbas I laid a siege to the Ottoman-held fortress of Erivan in November 1603 and summoned Alexander to his headquarters. After months of hesitation, Alexander acceded, massacred the Ottoman garrison in Tiflis, and arrived at Erivan in April 1604. Early in 1605, Shah Abbas sent him back with orders to raid Shirvan. He was accompanied by his son, Constantine, who had been raised at the Safavid court as a convert to Islam.

paragraph: Back in Kakheti, Alexander found a new Russian embassy requesting his support in a projected campaign against the shamkhal. The Russian envoys had already been favorably received by Alexander's son, George, who ran the kingdom in his father's absence. Dissatisfied by this maneuver, Constantine demanded the loyal execution of the shah's orders. On March 12, 1605, Alexander summoned a council at Zagem. Within hours, Constantine led his Qizilbash entourage into a bloody coup against his own father; Alexander, George and several of their nobles were massacred. Constantine was made by the shah king of Kakheti, and the Safavid suzerainty was, for the time being, reasserted in the kingdom.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Alexander II was married to Tinatin, daughter of Prince Bardzim Amilakhvari, who bore him five or six sons and two daughters:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Erekle (1568–1586)

paragraph: BULLET::::- David I of Kakheti (1569–1602)

paragraph: BULLET::::- George (1570–1605)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Constantine I (1571–1605)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rostom (died 1579)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anton (died 1590), not mentioned in Cyril Toumanoff's traditional genealogy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anna; married Bagrat VII of Kartli

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nestan-Darejan (died 1591); married Manuchar I Dadiani, Prince of Mingrelia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tinatina, married in 1579 Sultan Hamza Mirza (1566–1586), a son of Shah Mohammed Khodabanda.

description: king of Kakheti (1574 - 1605)

wikidata_label: Alexander II of Kakheti

wikipedia_title: Alexander II of Kakheti


text:
Bagrationi dynasty
king
Kakheti
Georgia
Alexander II of Kakheti
Amilakhvari
George
Russian
tsar
Nugzar
Aragvi
Tales of Kalila and Dimna
Persian
Ketevan
Ashotan I, Prince of Mukhrani
Teimuraz I of Kakheti
Abbas I of Persia
Princess Marta

categories: 1569 births,Kings of Kakheti,1602 deaths,Bagrationi dynasty of the Kingdom of Kakheti

image: 512px-დავით_პირველი.jpg

paragraph: David I of Kakheti

paragraph: David I () (1569 – October 21, 1602), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was a king of Kakheti in eastern Georgia from October 1601 until his death in October 1602.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: David was a son of Alexander II of Kakheti by his wife Tinatin Amilakhvari. In mid-1601, he capitalized on the illness of his father and gained an effective control of the government, sidelining his younger brother George. When Alexander recovered, David refused to relinquish his powers and forced his father into abdication in October 1601. David was crowned king of Kakheti, but his brother, George, masterminded a plot which quickly collapsed and led to repressions. David had George imprisoned while seventeen of his supporters were executed.

paragraph: David’s foreign policy was a continuation of his father’s line. In 1602, he received a Russian embassy and reaffirmed his loyalty to the tsar. He then marched against Nugzar, the defiant lord of the Aragvi and forced him into submission.

paragraph: David suddenly died on October 21, 1602, and Alexander II recovered the crown. David is also remembered as a translator of a portion of the Tales of Kalila and Dimna from Persian.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: David married, c. 1581, Ketevan, daughter of Ashotan I, Prince of Mukhrani.

paragraph: They were the parents of:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Teimuraz I of Kakheti, King of Kakheti

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince Vakhtang (died 1604)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Helene, given in marriage to Abbas I of Persia.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Marta, married Abbas I of Persia

description: king of Kakheti (1569–1602)

wikidata_label: David I of Kakheti

wikipedia_title: David I of Kakheti


text:
Buenos Aires
Buenos Aires
Argentina
industrial society
Paris
juxtaposition

paragraph: Manuel Espinosa

paragraph: Manuel Espinosa was an Argentinian painter.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Manuel Espinosa (Buenos Aires, 1912 - Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2006), graduated from the Escuela Nacional de Artes and finished his studies in the Escuela Superior de Bellas Artes, he is one of the leaders of the geometric art in Argentina. He was a founding member of the asociación de Arte Concreto-Invención which was established in Buenos Aires in 1943.

paragraph: Averaging the 2nd World War, the group proposed a rupture as an alternative. Said rupture was related to the search for a new visual language corresponding to the exigencies of a new technological, industrial society. The group sustained common goals: the art should be non-figurative art, the painting flat, and the illusions and appearances banished, moving away from traditional painting. They looked for the worth of the painting itself. In 1951 he traveled to Europe and met Vantongerloo in Paris and Vordemberge-Gildewarth in Amsterdam, who guided him in his pursuit.

paragraph: Upon the dissolution of the group, Espinosa left the common goals but remained faithful to the spirit of non-figuration and produced a painting constructed from geometric elements, characterized by a rigorous system of order and by the perfection of their registers. Clarity, moderation, are attributes of his painting, which with minimal elements arranged serially produce subtle effects of color and space and a dynamic tension that creates an impression of depth. It employs transparencies, juxtapositions superpositions that generate an optical effect of unquestionable interest. He is one of the painters who most enjoys the game aroused by reason and sensitivity, a consequence of his special relationship with music and literature.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.

paragraph: He is a founding member of the group Arte Concreto-Invención. Since 1939 he carried out many individual and collective exhibits, among them:

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1946: Primera exposición de la Asociación Arte Concreto-Invención. Buenos Aires, Salón Peuser

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1947: Manuel O. Espinosa- Tomás Maldonado. Buenos Aires, Socidad Argentina de Artistas Plásticos; Arte Nuevo. Buenos Aires

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1962: Forma y espacio. Museo de Arte Contemporáneo, Santiago de Chile, Chile.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1963: Ocho artistas constructivos, Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes; Del Arte Concreto a la nueva tendencia, Museo de Arte Moderno.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1965: Tredici pittori ospiti di Roma. Roma, Librería Feltrinelli; Primera muestra de artistas residentes en Italia. Roma, Casa Argentina, Embajada Argentina.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1966: Grupo G 13. Buenos Aires, Roland Lambert Gallery; Once pintores constructivos. Buenos Aires, Forum Galería de Arte; Primer Salón Air France. Buenos Aires, Galería Lascaux.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1967: Mas allá de la Geometría, Instituto Di Tella; Salon Comparaisons 67, Musee d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, Paris.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1968: Materiales, nuevas técnicas, nuevas expressiones, Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes; Premio Fundación Lorenzutti, Sala Nacional de Exposiciones.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1969: Tercer Panorama de la Pintura Argentina, Sala Nacional de Exposiciones, Buenos Aires.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970: Club Constructivo, Galería Ales, Praga, Republica Checa; Veinticuatro artistas argentinos, Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Biennale Intertationale de Capmes- Sur- Mer, Francia.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1971: LX Salón Nacional de Artes Plásticas, Museo de Arte Decorativo, Buenos Aires.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972: Museo de la Solidaridad. Instituto de Arte Latinoamericano, Santiago de Chile.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1973: Projection et dynamisme. Six peintres argentins, Musee d'Art Moderne de la ville de Paris, Paris, Francia;

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1974: Actualles Tendances de l' art argentin. Ville Arson, Centre Artistique de Rencontres Internacionales, Nice, Francia.; Manuel Espinosa, Caracas, Centro Venezolano Argentino de Cooperación Cultural y Científico-Tecnológica, Venezuela ; Galería Contemporánea, Montevideo, Uruguay.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1975: Arte Argentino Contemporáneo, Museo de Arte Moderno, Mexico DF.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1976: Dos tendencias: Geometría- Surrealismo, Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1977: Arte actual de Iberoamerica, Centro Cultural de la Villa de Madrid, Madrid, España;

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1977-8: Panorma atual de jovem pintura Argentina, Museu de Arte Brasileira da Fundacao Armando Alvares Penteado, San Pablo, Brasil.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1977-9: Recent Latin American Darwings, Lines of Vision, Nueva York, USA.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1978: The Argentinean Exposition, The Armas Gallery, Miami.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1980: Arte argentino contemporáneo. The 13th Internacional Art Exhibition. Museo Metropolitano, Tokio, Japon; Ottawa, National Arts Centre, Robson Square Media Centre, Vancouver, Canada.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987-88: Arte Argentina Della independenza ad oggi 1810–1987, Roma, Genova, Italia.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987: Roma, Italia.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988-9: Siete maestros argentinos. Mittelrhein Museum, Schaumburg, Alemania Federal; Museum Moderner Kunst, Viena, Austria; Komberley Gallery, Washington D.C, Estados Unidos.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1994: Art from Argentina 1920–1994. Museum of Modern Art, Oxford, Gran Bretaña.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001: Premio Rosario 2001. Rosario, Museo Municipal de Bellas Artes Juan B. Castagnino; Abstract Art from Rio de la Plata. Buenos Aires and Montevideo 1033–1953. The Americas Society, Nueva York, USA.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002: Arte Argentino del siglo XX, Lima, Perú; Surface and Subtext, The Jack Barton Museum of Art, Austin, EEUU.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002–2003: Arte Abstracto Argentino, Galeria d' Arte Moderna e Contemporanea di Bergamo, Italia.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003: Geometrias. Abstracción geométrica latinoamericana en la Colección Cisneros, Museo de Arte latinoamericano Buenos Aires.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003: Antología sobre papel. Museo de Arte Moderno, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004–2005: Utopia of Forum, Argentine Concrete Art, Miami.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009: Espinosa en el Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes de Neuquén, Neuquén, Argentina.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2010: Sicardi Gallery. Houston, EE UU. 8 April to 15 May

paragraph: Section::::Collections.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes (National Museum of Fine Arts), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Museo de Arte Moderno (Museum of Modern Art), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Museo Municipal Eduardo Sivori (Eduardo Sivori Municipal Museum), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Museo de Bellas Artes de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (Museum of Fine Arts of the Province of Buenos Aires), La Plata, Argentina.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Museo Municipal de Bellas Artes de Rosario Juan B. Castagnino (Municipal Museum of Fine Arts), Rosario, Argentina.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes de Neuquén (National Museum of Fine Arts of Neuquén), Neuquén, Argentina.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Museo Municipal de Arte de Mar del Plata (Municipal Museum of Art of Mar del Plata), Argentina.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Museo de Arte Contemporáneo (Museum of Contemporaneous Art), Helft Collection, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Windows South Space, California, United States.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Museum of Art of Rhode Island, Providence, United States.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Casa de la Cultura Ecuatoriana (House of the Ecuadorian Culture), Quito, Ecuador.

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Air France Award – First Saloon Air France of Painting, 1966.

paragraph: BULLET::::- First Prize – D Category and Special Mention - A & B categories – First Saloon Hisisa of Art Applied to the Textile Industry, 1967.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Acquisition Award – Saloon of Art Mar del Plata, 1967.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mention Award Painting Section– LVI National Saloon of Plastic Arts, 1967

paragraph: BULLET::::- Medal –Automóvil Club Argentino Award, 1969.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rotary Club Award, XVIII National Saloon of Córdoba, 1970.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Great Acquisition Award –Municipal Saloon of Plastic Arts "Manuel Belgrano", 1971.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Third Prize – LX National Saloon of Plastic Arts, 1971

paragraph: BULLET::::- Merit Diploma, Konex Award of Visual Arts – 1982.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Artistic Career – National Fund of Arts, 1993

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stamps of Artist – Stamps of Andreani Foundation y ArteBA Foundation, 2001.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Castagnino Award – Municipal Museum of Fine Arts Juan B. Castagnino, Rosario, 2001.

description: Argentine artist

wikidata_label: Manuel Espinosa

wikipedia_title: Manuel Espinosa


href: Spanish%20people Huesca engraver architect mathematician author Huesca

text: Spanish Huesca engraver architect mathematician author Huesca

categories: 17th-century Spanish painters,Spanish mathematicians,18th-century Spanish painters,1711 deaths,Spanish engravers,Year of birth uncertain,Spanish architects,1650 births,17th-century engravers,Spanish male writers,Spanish male painters,People from Huesca,18th-century engravers

paragraph: Francisco de Artiga

paragraph: Francisco de Artiga, a celebrated Spanish landscape and historical painter, was born at Huesca, about 1650. He painted several 'Sibyls,' 'Conceptions,' and perspective views, remarkable for their invention, design, and colouring. He was also an engraver, an architect, a mathematician, and an author of reputation. He died in 1711 at Huesca.

alias:
Francesc Artiga
Francisco Artiga
Francisco Antonio Artiga
Francesc Artigues
Francisco Antonio de Artiga
Francisco de Artigas

description: Spanish artist

wikidata_label: Francisco de Artiga

wikipedia_title: Francisco de Artiga


text:
Scottish
Whig
Member of Parliament
Cromartyshire
Sutherland
House of Commons
1837 general election
Inverness Burghs
Lord Lieutenant of Cromarty
Henry Dunning Macleod

categories: UK MPs 1832–1835,Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Scottish constituencies,UK MPs 1835–1837,UK MPs 1818–1820,Whig (British political party) MPs for Scottish constituencies,Lord-Lieutenants of Cromarty,1853 deaths,1786 births,UK MPs 1831–1832

paragraph: Roderick Macleod, 4th of Cadboll

paragraph: Roderick Macleod 4th of Cadboll (24 November 1786 – 13 March 1853) was a Scottish Whig politician.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Macleod was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Cromartyshire from 1818 to 1820, and for Sutherland from 14 September 1831 until 1837, when he stood down from the House of Commons at the 1837 general election, and ran for the constituency of Inverness Burghs which he represented from 1837 – 21 February 1840.

paragraph: Macleod was Lord Lieutenant of Cromarty from 1833 until he died. His father lived to be a ripe old age so Macleod did not become head of the family until he was in his late 50s. He died nine years later in March 1853 and was succeeded by his eldest son, Robert Bruce Aeneas (1818–88).

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: On 10 July 1813 Macleod married Isabella, daughter of William Cunninghame, merchant, of Lainshaw. They had five children: their eldest son was Robert Bruce Aeneas (1818-1888), their younger son was Henry Dunning Macleod (1821-1902), who became a distinguished writer on political economy, and three daughters: Margaret, Elizabeth, and Anna Maria.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- . Endnotes

paragraph: BULLET::::- GB232/D63: MacLeod family of Cadboll papers, 1867-1970

description: British politician

wikidata_label: Roderick Macleod, 4th of Cadboll

wikipedia_title: Roderick Macleod, 4th of Cadboll


text: Queen Creek, Arizona

text: Quaker City, Ohio

text: Indiana

text: Zuni Indian Reservation

text: Gilbert, Arizona

text: United States Army

text: World War II

text: Cherokee Indian

text: Oklahoma

text: Carlisle, Pennsylvania

text: Jim Thorpe

text: Native-American

text: Mountain Men

text: Arizona

categories: Businesspeople from Arizona,People from Guernsey County, Ohio,1987 deaths,Mountain men,1902 births,People from Gilbert, Arizona

paragraph: Mansel Carter

paragraph: Mansel Carter (May 12, 1902- June 5, 1987) a.k.a. Man of the Mountain was a businessman and prospector. In 1987, Phoenix Magazine named him one of "Arizona Legends". The San Tan Historical Society of Queen Creek recognized his gravesite in the Gold Mountain of the San Tan Mountain Regional Park in Queen Creek, Arizona a tourist attraction. In 2017, the town of Queen Creek named a new community park the "Mansel Carter Oasis Park" in his honor.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Carter was born in Quaker City, Ohio. When he was young, he studied photography and worked as a mechanic in his hometown. He moved to Indiana and purchased an airplane with which he provided a shuttle service. During the Great Depression, he worked as a lumberjack on the Zuni Indian Reservation.

paragraph: Section::::Marion E. Kennedy.

paragraph: In 1941, Carter moved to the town of Gilbert, Arizona and opened a photography shop. He was drafted by the United States Army during World War II and served a short tour of duty. He was eventually discharged on account of his age. He met and befriended Marion E. Kennedy (1874-1960), a Cherokee Indian from Oklahoma whose job was delivering ice. Kennedy had at one time attended the Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania where he studied geology. One of his classmates was Jim Thorpe, a notable Native-American sports hero.

paragraph: Section::::Gold prospecting.

paragraph: Carter received a monthly pension from the military. Both Carter and Kennedy decided to try their hands as gold prospectors and moved to the San Tan Mountains in the town of Queen Creek. The Mountain Men, as they became known, established various claims and their campsite became their home. Kennedy taught Carter how to drill for gold and they became life-long friends. When Kennedy died in 1960, Carter buried him near their campsite.

paragraph: Carter discontinued prospecting for gold after the death of his friend. He handcarved and sold "cactus curios" to the many visitors which he received from different parts of the country. Carter was featured in "Arizona Road" with Bill Leverton. He kept a guest book, which along with some of his cactus curios and many of his personal belongings, were donated to the San Tan Historical Society’s Museum after he died in 1987 of cancer. That same year Phoenix Magazine named him an "Arizona Legend".

paragraph: Both Carter and Kennedy are buried where their campsite was located by the Goldmine Trail. Their gravesite is considered a historical tourist attraction by the San Tan Historical Society of Queen Creek. The mountain in which they prospected is known as the Gold Mountain and the area is now part of the San Tan Mountain Regional Park system. In 2017, the town of Queen Creek named a new community park the "Mansel Carter Oasis Park".

paragraph: Section::::Gold Mountain.

paragraph: The following images are that of the San Tan Mountain region where the San Tan Mountain Regional Park is located. The images included are that of Gold Mountain and those which are related to the gravesite of Mansel Carter and Marion E. Kennedy.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Queen Creek"; by Sylvia G Acuna; Publisher: Arcadia Publishing Library Editions; ;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Around San Tan Mountain (AZ)"; by David Salge; Publisher: Arcadia Publishing; ;

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arizona

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of historic properties in Queen Creek, Arizona

wikidata_label: Mansel Carter

wikipedia_title: Mansel Carter


text: Canadian

text: Racing Point Force India

text: Williams

text: karting

text: Ford Mustang GT

text: 2013 Toyota Racing Series

text: Italian Formula Three

text: BVM

text: Vallelunga Circuit

text: Masters of Formula 3

text: British Formula 3 Championship

text: FIA European Formula Three Championship

text: Carlin Motorsport

text: 2013 Masters of Formula 3

text: Spa

text: Formula Renault 3.5

text: Tech 1 Racing

text: Arden International

text: Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain

text: Redline Racing

text: Rockingham Motor Speedway

text: Renault

text: 2016 season

text: Force India

text: Williams

text: Michael Latifi

text: McLaren Group

text: Zak Brown

text: Lance Stroll

categories: Canadian racing drivers,Italian Formula Three Championship drivers,British Formula Three Championship drivers,Racing drivers from Quebec,Canadian people of Iranian descent,GP2 Series drivers,1995 births,Toyota Racing Series drivers,Formula 3.5 V8 drivers,FIA Formula 3 European Championship drivers,FIA Formula 2 Championship drivers,Sportspeople from Montreal,Living people,Canadian people of Italian descent

paragraph: Nicholas Latifi

paragraph: Nicholas Latifi (born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada on 29 June 1995) is a Canadian racing driver. He formerly served as Racing Point Force India's F1 development driver, and in 2019 he became Williams's test and reserve driver.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Karting.

paragraph: He began his karting career in 2009 and competed until 2012.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Continental Tire Sports Car Challenge.

paragraph: He competed in the 2012 Continental Tire Sports Car Challenge for Rehagen Racing driving a Ford Mustang GT.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Toyota Racing Series.

paragraph: He signed with Giles Motorsport team to compete in the 2013 Toyota Racing Series. He finished ninth overall.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Formula 3.

paragraph: He started his F3 career by competing in the Italian Formula Three in 2012 with BVM. He won his first F3 race in Vallelunga Circuit on 16 September 2012. He finished seventh in the final standings.

paragraph: In 2013, he raced in several series including Masters of Formula 3, British Formula 3 Championship, and FIA European Formula Three Championship, all with Carlin Motorsport. He finished seventh in the 2013 Masters of Formula 3 race. On 25 July 2013, he claimed his first poles in his racing career in Spa.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Formula Renault 3.5.

paragraph: After running in selected rounds of the Formula Renault 3.5 series in 2014 for Tech 1 Racing, Latifi joined Arden International to race in the championship in 2015.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain.

paragraph: Latifi made an appearance in the Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain in 2014, driving for Redline Racing at Rockingham Motor Speedway and scoring a fourth-place finish in the second of two rounds there.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Formula One.

paragraph: On 14 March 2016, Renault announced Latifi as their new test driver for the 2016 season. In 2018, Force India announced him as their reserve driver. In Latifi will be the test and reserve driver for Williams.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: He is the son of Michael Latifi, a Canadian businessman who is CEO of Sofina Foods, Inc. and also owns a British Virgin Islands company Nidala. Michael Latifi invested through Nidala £200 million (around 270 million USD) in the McLaren Group, leading to suggestions his F2 race-winning son Nicholas could be pushed from F2 racing into a more prominent role with McLaren, although McLaren CEO Zak Brown has said this has not been part of any conversation prior to investment.

paragraph: Section::::Racing record.

paragraph: Section::::Racing record.:Career summary.

paragraph: As Latifi was a guest driver, he was ineligible for championship points.br

paragraph: * Season still in progress

paragraph: Section::::Racing record.:Complete FIA Formula 3 European Championship results.

paragraph: Driver did not finish the race, but was classified as he completed over 90% of the race distance.

paragraph: Section::::Racing record.:Complete FIA Formula 2 Championship results.

paragraph: * Season still in progress.

paragraph: Section::::Racing record.:Complete Formula One participations.

paragraph: * Season still in progress.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lance Stroll, another race car driver whose father is a billionaire with investments in Formula 1

description: Canadian racing driver

wikidata_label: Nicholas Latifi

wikipedia_title: Nicholas Latifi


text: Fred Karno

text: Stan Laurel

text: Charlie Chaplin

text: Henry Lehrman

text: L-KO Kompany

text: Charlie Chaplin

text: Kid Auto Races at Venice

text: Mabel's Strange Predicament

text: Ray Evans

text: celebrity comic

categories: 20th-century Scottish comedians,1878 births,People from Glasgow,British male comedy actors,Scottish male comedians,1921 deaths

paragraph: Billie Ritchie

paragraph: Billie Ritchie (14 September 1878 – 6 July 1921) was a Scottish comedian who first gained transatlantic fame as a performer for British music hall producer Fred Karno—this, a full decade before Stan Laurel and Charlie Chaplin took a similar career path. Ritchie is best recalled today for the silent comedy shorts he made between 1914 and 1920 for director/producer Henry Lehrman's L-KO Kompany and Fox Film Sunshine Comedy unit.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Variations on Ritchie's "tramp" and "drunk" personae - which Ritchie claimed he had developed before and during his Karno years- were introduced to film audiences by Charlie Chaplin in such shorts as the Lehrman-directed Kid Auto Races at Venice (7 February 1914) and Mabel's Strange Predicament (9 February 1914).

paragraph: Ritchie, who, due to a series of on-set injuries, spent his final years relatively inactive, succumbed to stomach cancer in the summer of 1921. Winifred Frances, the comedian's widow, and one-time stage partner, wound up in the employ of Charlie Chaplin as a wardrobe mistress, showing there was no animosity between the two performers. Wyn Ritchie, their daughter, was also a performer, and, in private life, the wife (of 55 years) of songwriter Ray Evans.

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: In 1918 Dutch illustrator David Bueno de Mesquita created a comic book about Ritchie named "Billie Ritchie en Zijn Ezel" ("Billie Ritchie and his Donkey"). This was the first celebrity comic in Dutch history.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Ray and Wyn Ritchie Evans Foundation Official Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wyn Ritchie Evans Papers- University of Pennsylvania

description: Scottish vaudeville and early film comedian best known for accusing Charlie Chaplin for stealing his "tramp" persona from him

wikidata_label: Billie Ritchie

wikipedia_title: Billie Ritchie


text: United States Army

text: Medal of Honor

text: Vietnam War

text: hand grenade

text: Minneapolis, Minnesota

text: specialist four

text: 12th Infantry Regiment

text: 199th Light Infantry Brigade

text: Republic of Vietnam

text: hand grenade

text: Paynesville, Minnesota

text: reconnaissance

text: platoon

text: Viet Cong

text: bunker

text: List of Medal of Honor recipients

categories: United States Army Medal of Honor recipients,1945 births,American military personnel killed in the Vietnam War,1968 deaths,United States Army soldiers,People from Willmar, Minnesota

paragraph: Kenneth L. Olson

paragraph: Kenneth Lee Olson (May 26, 1945 – May 13, 1968) was a United States Army soldier and a posthumous recipient of the United States military's highest decoration, the Medal of Honor. He received the award for sacrificing his own life during the Vietnam War by throwing himself over an activated hand grenade, saving the lives of fellow soldiers around him.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Olson joined the Army from Minneapolis, Minnesota in 1967, and by May 13, 1968 was serving as a specialist four in Company A, 5th Battalion, 12th Infantry Regiment, 199th Light Infantry Brigade (Separate). During a firefight on that day, in the Republic of Vietnam, Olson was about to toss a hand grenade at an enemy position when he was wounded, causing him to drop the activated grenade. He then threw himself on the grenade, sacrificing his life to protect his fellow soldiers from the blast.

paragraph: Olson, aged 22 at his death, was buried in Paynesville Cemetery, Paynesville, Minnesota.

paragraph: Section::::Medal of Honor citation.

paragraph: Specialist Olson's official Medal of Honor citation reads:

paragraph: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. Spec. Olson distinguished himself at the cost of his life while serving as a team leader with Company A. Spec. Olson was participating in a mission to reinforce a reconnaissance platoon which was heavily engaged with a well-entrenched Viet Cong force. When his platoon moved into the area of contact and had overrun the first line of enemy bunkers, Spec. Olson and a fellow soldier moved forward of the platoon to investigate another suspected line of bunkers. As the 2 men advanced they were pinned down by intense automatic weapons fire from an enemy position 10 meters to their front. With complete disregard for his safety, Spec. Olson exposed himself and hurled a hand grenade into the Viet Cong position. Failing to silence the hostile fire, he again exposed himself to the intense fire in preparation to assault the enemy position. As he prepared to hurl the grenade, he was wounded, causing him to drop the activated device within his own position. Realizing that it would explode immediately, Spec. Olson threw himself upon the grenade and pulled it in to his body to take the full force of the explosion. By this unselfish action Spec. Olson sacrificed his own life to save the lives of his fellow comrades-in-arms. His extraordinary heroism inspired his fellow soldiers to renew their efforts and totally defeat the enemy force. Spec. Olson's profound courage and intrepidity were in keeping with the highest traditions of the military service and reflect great credit upon himself, his unit, and the U.S. Army.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Vietnam War

wikidata_label: Kenneth L. Olson

wikipedia_title: Kenneth L. Olson


text: United States Army

text: Medal of Honor

text: Vietnam War

text: Whitesville, Kentucky

text: private first class

text: 39th Infantry Regiment

text: 9th Infantry Division

text: Giao Duc District

text: Dinh Tuong Province

text: Republic of Vietnam

text: grenade

text: grenadier

text: ambush

text: List of Medal of Honor recipients

text: List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Vietnam War

categories: People from Daviess County, Kentucky,Year of birth uncertain,1940s births,United States Army Medal of Honor recipients,American military personnel killed in the Vietnam War,1968 deaths,United States Army soldiers

paragraph: David P. Nash

paragraph: David Paul Nash (November 3, 1947 or 1948 – December 29, 1968) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in the Vietnam War.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Nash joined the Army from Whitesville, Kentucky, and by December 29, 1968 was serving as a private first class in Company B, 2nd Battalion, 39th Infantry Regiment, 9th Infantry Division. On that day, in Giao Duc District, Dinh Tuong Province, Republic of Vietnam, Nash smothered the blast of an enemy-thrown grenade with his body, sacrificing his life to protect his fellow soldiers.

paragraph: Nash, aged 20 or 21 at his death, was buried in Saint Mary of the Woods Cemetery in his birth city of Whitesville, Kentucky.

paragraph: The section of Kentucky Highway 54 which runs through Whitesville is named "The David P. 'Paulie' Nash Memorial Highway".

paragraph: Section::::Medal of Honor citation.

paragraph: Private Nash's official Medal of Honor citation reads:

paragraph: For conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity in action at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty. Pfc. Nash distinguished himself while serving as a grenadier with Company B, in Giao Duc District. When an ambush patrol of which he was a member suddenly came under intense attack before reaching its destination, he was the first to return the enemy fire. Taking an exposed location, Pfc. Nash suppressed the hostile fusillade with a rapid series of rounds from his grenade launcher, enabling artillery fire to be adjusted on the enemy. After the foe had been routed, his small element continued to the ambush site where he established a position with 3 fellow soldiers on a narrow dike. Shortly past midnight, while Pfc. Nash and a comrade kept watch and the 2 other men took their turn sleeping, an enemy grenade wounded 2 soldiers in the adjacent position. Seconds later, Pfc. Nash saw another grenade land only a few feet from his own position. Although he could have escaped harm by rolling down the other side of the dike, he shouted a warning to his comrades and leaped upon the lethal explosive. Absorbing the blast with his body, he saved the lives of the 3 men in the area at the sacrifice of his life. By his gallantry at the cost of his life are in the highest traditions of the military service, Pfc. Nash has reflected great credit on himself, his unit, and the U.S. Army.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Medal of Honor recipients

wikidata_label: David P. Nash

wikipedia_title: David P. Nash


text:
fl.
Rollo
duke of Normandy
West Francia
Charles the Simple
Christianity
Normandy
Charles the Bald
Vikings
Morgane Polanski

categories: Carolingian dynasty,10th-century Norman women,10th-century Normans,People whose existence is disputed,Year of birth unknown,10th-century French people,10th-century French women,Duchesses of Normandy,Year of death unknown,Rollo

paragraph: Gisela of France

paragraph: Gisela (; fl. 911) was a legendary French princess who was, according to legend, married to Rollo, duke of Normandy.

paragraph: According to tradition, Rollo was betrothed to Gisela, daughter to the king of West Francia, Charles the Simple, after his conversion to Christianity upon his ascension as ruler of Normandy in 911. The marriage and the existence of Gisela are not confirmed, supporting the mythical character of Gisela. Some suggested that, if she really did exist, she may have been an illegitimate daughter of Charles.

paragraph: A character named Gisla (presented as a daughter of Charles the Bald rather than his grandson Charles the Simple, and as the mother of Rollo's children) is portrayed in the TV series Vikings by Morgane Polanski.

description: French princess

wikidata_label: Gisela of France

wikipedia_title: Gisela of France


text: General

text: French Resistance

text: Brive-la-Gaillarde

text: Corrèze

text: France

text: Tulle

text: Lycée Louis-le-Grand

text: École Polytechnique

text: Argelès-sur-Mer

text: Saint-Amans-Soult

text: Argentat

text: Service du travail obligatoire

text: Resistance

text: Brive-la-Gaillarde

text: École Polytechnique

text: Croix de la Valeur Militaire

categories: Commanders of the National Order of Merit (France),People from Brive-la-Gaillarde,Commandeurs of the Légion d'honneur,1921 births,French generals,École Polytechnique alumni,French Resistance members,2011 deaths

paragraph: Pierre Crousillac

paragraph: Pierre Crousillac (14 November 1921 – 17 December 2011) was a French General and a member of the French Resistance.

paragraph: Section::::Youth.

paragraph: He was born in Brive-la-Gaillarde in Corrèze, France.

paragraph: He grew up in Tulle and began his Classes préparatoires aux grandes ecoles at the Lycée Louis-le-Grand before joining the École Polytechnique in September 1942.

paragraph: After two months, he was sent to the Chantiers de la jeunesse to work as a team leader in Argelès-sur-Mer, Saint-Amans-Soult and then Argentat.

paragraph: In October 1943, he refused to go to Germany for the Service du travail obligatoire and joined the Resistance, becoming part of the secret army of Brive-la-Gaillarde and led a military company.

paragraph: When peace returned he came back to the École Polytechnique to study until 1948 and then went to the Ecole des transmissions.

paragraph: Section::::First Indochina War.

paragraph: His first affectation was to help to route the convoys of the Marshall Plan to Europe.

paragraph: In 1951, he embarked on la Marseillaise to Saïgon.

paragraph: Commanding officer of the compagnie opérationnelle des transmissions, he led the transmission department of the great operations in North Tonkin, in particular in Nassan.

paragraph: He received three honours for his organizational skills and the influence he had on his soldiers.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Croix du combattant volontaire de la Résistance

paragraph: BULLET::::- Croix de la Valeur Militaire

paragraph: BULLET::::- Croix de guerre des Théâtres d'opérations extérieurs

paragraph: BULLET::::- Commandeur de l’ordre national du mérite

paragraph: BULLET::::- Commandeur de l’Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur

description: French general

wikidata_label: Pierre Crousillac

wikipedia_title: Pierre Crousillac


text:
Icelandic
environmentalist
Gullfoss waterfalls
hydroelectric dam
Reykjavík
Sveinn Björnsson
Ríkarður Jónsson

categories: 1874 births,Icelandic environmentalists,1957 deaths,Icelandic women activists,Icelandic women environmentalists

paragraph: Sigríður Tómasdóttir

paragraph: Sigríður Tómasdóttir (1874 - 1957) was an Icelandic environmentalist whose activism

paragraph: helped preserve Gullfoss waterfalls, protecting it from industrialization. She is widely seen as Iceland's first environmentalist and is memorialized on a sculpture near Gullfoss.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Tómasdóttir was born in Brattholt in 1874 and grew up on her family's sheep farm. She did not receive any official education but was well read and artistic. She and her sisters would act as guides for visitors of the waterfalls.

paragraph: Section::::Activism.

paragraph: In 1907, landowners including Tómasdóttir's father, Tómas Tómasson, a signed a deal to allow the construction of a hydroelectric dam across the Hvítá River that would result in the submergence of Gulfoss. Upset by the deal, Tómasdóttir took legal action against the development and staged several protests. She made numerous treks of 120 kilometers to Reykjavík, by some accounts on foot, to meet with government officials and later threatened to throw herself in the waterfalls.

paragraph: She was represented legally by Sveinn Björnsson, who later became Iceland's first president. Tómasdóttir's efforts ultimately failed with the legal system but gained positive public attention. The lease contracts later were canceled and the hydroelectric project was never constructed. Gulfoss and the surrounding area was eventually sold to the Icelandic government and was made a permanent conservation site in 1979.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Tómasdóttir died in 1957 and was buried in the Haukadalur cemetery. The sculptor Ríkarður Jónsson made a memorial to Tómasdóttir that stands near Gulfoss.

wikidata_label: Sigríður Tómasdóttir

wikipedia_title: Sigríður Tómasdóttir