text: Robert Burns

text: Kincardineshire

text: William Burnes

text: Lochridge or Lochrig

text: Stewarton

text: Titwood Farm

text: Dreghorn

text: rheumatism

text: arthritis

text: Stewarton

text: Sir James Hunter Blair

text: Blairquhan

text: Kilmaurs House or Place

text: Robertland Estate

text: Ellisland Farm

text: Ellisland Farm

text: Mauchline

text: Adam Armour

text: Adam Armour

text: Stewarton

text: Robertland House

text: Ellisland Farm

text: Montrose

text: Jean Armour

text: Gilbert Burns (Farmer)

text: Isabella Burns

text: William Burnes

categories: 1719 births,People from Kincardine and Mearns,1789 deaths,Robert Burns

paragraph: Robert Burnes

paragraph: Robert Burnes or Robert Burness (1719–1789) was an uncle of the poet Robert Burns on his father's side, who left the family farm of Clochnahill or Clokenhill in Kincardineshire with his younger brother William Burnes. He found work at the Lochridge or Lochrig limestone quarries and lime kilns that lay near Byrehill Farm near Stewarton. He may have been a gardener later a teacher and then a land steward on the nearby Robertland Estate. Robert Burns referred to his relation as "Poor Uncle Robert".

paragraph: Section::::Life and background.

paragraph: Robert is said to have gone to England or Southern Scotland at first, working for some time as a gardener, having supposedly parted from his brother on the summit of Garvock Tap. He then lived for several years, arriving around 1748, in a cot house at Titwood Farm in Dreghorn Parish, where he worked in the summer months as a quarryman and possibly being apprenticed at some point as a stonemason. His brother William recorded in a letter dated 1781 that his brother lived in Stewarton and that the circumstances were ""rather indifferent"". Robert attended his brother William's funeral in 1784.

paragraph: Robert had severe rheumatism or arthritis that prevented him from doing hard physical work in the cold winter months and to maintain himself and his family he opened a school in his home for the sons of local farmers. When his condition became too painful and debilitating he moved to a house or to the Buck's Head Inn located at the Buck's Head Close just off the main street in Stewarton and later he moved to another house in the town, the location of which has been forgotten, however Caldhame Farm on the Robertland Estate was the home of Robert Burnes and his wife Agnes Craig whilst he was a land steward between 1774 and 1784.

paragraph: Section::::Life and background.:The Caldhame Letters.

paragraph: Sir James Hunter Blair of Blairquhan uncovered six letters in his family's archive written between 1776 and 1779 by a Robert Burnes to the first baronet from Caldhame near Stewarton; a seventh letter was discovered recently by the Blairquhan Castle archivist. This individual was a land steward at the Robertland estate. William Logan, the Robertland Estate Factor living at Kilmaurs House or Place had employed a Robert Burnes and wrote a series of letters from May 1774 to 1784 to his employer that sometimes refer to Robert Burnes.

paragraph: This Robert had knowledge of liming crops, caring for cattle, and drainage work. Deputising for the absentee Factor he collected rents and wrote to the laird. The chances of two adults with the same name, approximate age, knowledge of liming, both married, well educated, etc. and living in the same area seems very unlikely. Another 'Burns' family did live in the district at the time farming at Little Lochridge and Auchenharvie, consistently using the spelling without the 'e'.

paragraph: The Stewarton Parish Register of Births, Deaths and marriages records that Robert Burns had a son that he named Robert, registered on 29 January 1778, the mother being given as Robert's wife Agnes Craig and the residence is given as 'Caldhame'. A duplicate copy of the register confirms these details and gives the spelling 'Burnes'. This confirms that Robert became the Robertland Estate land steward as related by the 'Caldhame Letters', working under the Factor, William Logan, first of Kilmaurs House and later Thornton House.

paragraph: Section::::Life and background.:Death.

paragraph: On 3 January 1789 Robert died whilst he was at Ellisland Farm. Robert was a popular and much respected figure in the area and he is buried in a prime location in Stewarton's Laigh Kirk cemetery where in 1910 the Stewarton Literary Society erected a memorial obelisk made of Ballochmyle red sandstone to him and to his eldest son John who had died on 17 February 1846 and is buried next to him. On the day of the unveiling the Stewarton Burgh Band marched through the streets and Andrew Kerr, President of the Stewarton Literary Society hosted the proceedings. The whole project had originally begun following a talk delivered by Duncan McNaught of Kilmaurs and the honour was given to him to unveil the memorial.

paragraph: Section::::Life and background.:Family.

paragraph: Robert and his wife Helen (d. 13 August 1803) are said by some source to have had three children of whom John (b. 1767, d. 20 February 1846) was the oldest son, followed by William and a daughter Fanny (Frances) (b. circa 1771). The Stewarton parish records however list a Robert Burns who was married to Agnes Craig and on 29 January 1778 when he was 47 and she was 27. The couple are recorded to have had a son named Robert.Few details have been uncovered regarding young Robert other than a record for his death and burial at St Columba's on 4 August 1845.

paragraph: Section::::Life and background.:Family.:Fanny Burnes.

paragraph: Fanny moved to Ellisland Farm when her father died and married at Mauchline on 5 June 1792. Fanny's husband was Adam Armour, a builder, brother of Jean Armour, thereby Fanny became Jean's sister-in-law as well as her niece. Adam Armour was immortalised in the poem ""Adam Armour's Prayer"" and the couple had five sons and four daughters. Adam was an adherent of the 'Auld Licht' persuasion and as such was in direct opposition to Robert Burns whose poem relates an incident regarding an Agnes Wilson, a maid at Poosy Nancy's, who was thought to be a prostitute. Adam Armour and a group of associates placed her on a pole and rode her out of town, injuring her private parts in the process. George Gibson, the landlord, attempted to take legal action and Adam hid until things quietened down. Burns records in the poem that she would have been hung had she been caught acting again as a prostitute.

paragraph: Section::::Life and background.:Family.:John Burnes.

paragraph: John Burnes, is known to have helped guard the Stewarton Laigh Church graveyard against the activities of body snatchers or resurrectionists, although it is not known if this was as a volunteer or in paid capacity. For the last sixteen years or so of his life he lived at the house of James Colquhoun in Stewarton. John may have worked as a farm labourer or as a weaver however in his final years he was a recipient of poor relief from the Stewarton parish, dying on 17 February 1846 and being buried next to his father.

paragraph: Section::::Life and background.:Family.:William Burnes.

paragraph: William was intended to become a mason or building worker, working with James Armour, Robert Burns' father-in-law. He married Ann Newlands, fathering several children and dying in 1850 "at an advanced age." Another source states that William never married and lived to an advanced age, dying in 1850. He had worked as a builder.

paragraph: Section::::Association with Robert Burns.

paragraph: Robert Burns used to visit his uncle in Stewarton at the Buck's Head Inn, one of the oldest buildings in the town, as he was sometimes in the area on his journeys to visit Frances Dunlop at Dunlop House nearby; he also visited nearby Robertland House. He is also said to have stayed at the inn.

paragraph: When Robert Burnes died his nephew did what he could to help John, William and Fanny Burnes, his cousins to gain employment. In February 1789 Robert Burns wrote from Ellisland Farm to his cousin, James Burnes in Montrose from Ellisland, saying: ""We have lost poor uncle Robert this winter... His son William, has been with me this winter, and goes in May to bind himself to be a Mason with my father in law who is a pretty considerable Architect in Ayrshire. His other son, the eldest, John, comes to me, I expect in Summer... His only daughter, Fanny, has been with me ever since her father's death and I purpose to keep her in my family til she be quite woman grown, and be fit for better service. She is one of the cleverest girls, and has one of the most amiable dispositions, that I have ever seen."" Both John and Fanny therefore lived with the Burns family for a time from 1789 at Ellisland Farm.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean Armour

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gilbert Burns (Farmer)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Isabella Burns (niece)

paragraph: BULLET::::- William Burnes

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Notes

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sources

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Annandale, Charles (Editor) (1890). "The Works of Robert Burns". London : Blackie & Son.

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Annual Burns Chronicle & Club Directory. No.XIX. January 1910. Kilmarnock : Burns Federation.

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Annual Burns Chronicle & Club Directory. No.XX. January 1911. Kilmarnock : Burns Federation.

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Barclay, Alastair (1989). "The Bonnet Toun". The Stewarton Bonnet Guild.

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Boyle, A. M. (1996), "The Ayrshire Book of Burns-Lore". Darvel : Alloway Publishing. .

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Chalmers, Alexander (1995). "The Parish Church of Stewarton 1696-1996."

paragraph: BULLET::::9. Cuthbertson, David Cuningham (1945). "Autumn in Kyle and the Charm of Cunninghame". London : Jenkins.

paragraph: BULLET::::10. Dougall, Charles E. (1911). "The Burns Country". London : Adam and Charles Black.

paragraph: BULLET::::11. Hogg, Patrick Scott (2008). "Robert Burns. The Patriot Bard". Edinburgh : Mainstream Publishing. .

paragraph: BULLET::::12. Jackson, J. R. (1996). "Can You Help Find "Poor Uncle Robert"". Burns Chronicle. Bicentenary Edition.

paragraph: BULLET::::13. Mackay, James. "A Biography of Robert Burns". Edinburgh : Mainstream Publishing. .

paragraph: BULLET::::14. McNaught, Duncan (1912). "Kilmaurs Parish & Burgh". Paisley : Alexander Gardner.

paragraph: BULLET::::15. Noble, Andrew and Hogg, Patrick Scott (Editors). (2001). "The Canongate Burns". Edinburgh : Canongate Books Ltd.

paragraph: BULLET::::16. Purdie, David; McCue Kirsteen and Carruthers, Gerrard. (2013). "Maurice Lindsay's The Burns Encyclopaedia". London : Robert Hale. .

paragraph: BULLET::::17. Strawhorn, John "Letters from a Land Steward. Was he 'Poor Uncle Robert"'. Annual Burns Chronicle & Club Directory.

paragraph: BULLET::::18. Westwood, Peter J. (2004). "The Definitive Illustrated Companion to Robert Burns." Scottish Museums Council.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Commentary & video on the Buck's Head Tavern & Robert Burnes

description: uncle of poet Robert Burns

wikidata_label: Robert Burnes

wikipedia_title: Robert Burnes


text:
Arkansas
Louisiana
Louisiana Tech
Ruston
Southeastern
Hammond
Summers
Washington County
Cincinnati
Washington County
Fayetteville
United States Army
World War I
University of Arkansas
University of Chicago
Springdale
Bauxite
Saline County
eighth president
Ph.D.
Governor
Richard Leche
John Ephraim Keeny
Minden
Columbia University
New York City
Latin
Searcy
Presbyterian
Masonic lodge

categories: 1974 deaths,Educators from Louisiana,Presidents of Louisiana Tech University,American Presbyterians,University of Chicago alumni,People from Washington County, Arkansas,People from Bauxite, Arkansas,People from Fayetteville, Arkansas,1891 births,People from Hammond, Louisiana,People from White County, Arkansas,University of Arkansas alumni,United States Army soldiers,People from Ruston, Louisiana

paragraph: George W. Bond

paragraph: George William Bond (April 6, 1891 – May 14, 1974), an Arkansas native, was president in the first half of the 20th century of two public universities in Louisiana -- Louisiana Tech in Ruston and Southeastern in Hammond.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: Bond was born in Summers in Washington County in Northwest Arkansas, to William Elijah Bond (1864-1953) and the former Martha Irene Simpson (1866-1940). He graduated from Cincinnati High School in Cincinnati in Washington County near Fayetteville, Arkansas. Bond served in the United States Army during World War I and attended the University of Arkansas at Fayetteville and University of Chicago, from which he obtained a master's degree in 1923.

paragraph: Section::::Academic career.

paragraph: Bond taught in Springdale and Cane Hill, also in Washington County, before he became a superintendent in Bauxite in Saline County in central Arkansas, and a principal in Texarkana. He then relocated to Ruston in 1924 to become an education professor at Louisiana Tech. He served as Tech's eighth president from 1928 to 1936. While Tech president, he continued to work on his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago but resigned from Louisiana Tech before completing his terminal degree.

paragraph: Just two weeks before he left the Tech presidency, Bond broke the ground for the new $421,000 administration building, known first as Leche Hall after Governor Richard Leche and then renamed for John Ephraim Keeny, the sixth president of Louisiana Tech."The Minden Herald" in Minden, Louisiana, reported that Bond left Ruston to enroll in the doctoral program at Columbia University in New York City. From 1944 to 1945, Bond was the acting fourth president at Southeastern in Hammond.

paragraph: Section::::Later years.

paragraph: In their later years, Bond and his wife, the former Mary Elizabeth Bost (1898-1997), a teacher of Latin and like her husband a native of Summers, Arkansas, lived in Searcy and Fayetteville, Arkansas, where they engaged in gardening, travel, and entertaining. They were Presbyterian. He was a member of the Masonic lodge. The Bonds died, twenty-three years apart, in Fayetteville and are interred there at Fairview Memorial Gardens.

description: American academic and college president

wikidata_label: George W. Bond

wikipedia_title: George W. Bond


text:
Kampen
Overyssel
Utrecht
Roman Catholic
Catholic University of Leuven
Adrian of Utrecht
Pope Clement VII
Pope Paul III
conference of Ratisbon
Pope Leo X
Henry VIII of England
John Leland
Martin Luther
John Calvin
original sin
sin of Adam
justification
double righteousness
Johannes Gropper
Cardinal Contarini
Council of Trent
Girolamo Seripando
Hubert Jedin
Ludwig von Pastor
Hefele
Hergenröther
"Schaff-Herzog" article

categories: 1542 deaths,People from Kampen, Overijssel,Dutch astronomers,University of Leuven alumni,16th-century mathematicians,Dutch Roman Catholic theologians,1490 births,16th-century Dutch people,Dutch mathematicians

paragraph: Albert Pighius

paragraph: Albert Pighius (Pigghe) (born at Kampen, Overyssel, Netherlands, about 1490; died at Utrecht, 28 December 1542) was a Dutch Roman Catholic theologian, mathematician, and astronomer.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He studied philosophy and began the study of theology at the Catholic University of Leuven, where Adrian of Utrecht, later Pope Adrian VI, was one of his teachers. Pighius completed his studies at Cologne, but it is not clear whether he received the degree of Doctor of Theology. When his teacher Adrian became pope, he went to Rome, where he also remained during the reigns of Pope Clement VII and Pope Paul III, and was repeatedly employed in ecclesiastical-political embassies. He had taught mathematics to Cardinal Alessandro Farnese, afterward Paul III. In 1535 Paul III appointed him provost of St. John's at Utrecht, where he had held a canonry since 1524. At the conference of Ratisbon in 1541, he was on the Catholic side.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Among his writings the following belong to the sphere of his mathematical/astronomical studies:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Astrologiæ defensio adversus prognosticatorum vulgus, qui annuas prædictiones edunt et se astrologos mentiuntur" (Paris, 1518);

paragraph: BULLET::::- the treatise addressed to Pope Leo X upon the reform of the calendar, "De æquinoctiarum solstitiorumque inventione et de ratione paschalis celebrationis deque restitutione ecclesiastici Calendarii (Paris, 1520);

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Apologia adversus novam Marci Beneventani astronomiam" (Paris, 1522);

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Defensio Apologiæ adversus Marci Beneventani astronomiam" (Paris, 1522).

paragraph: As a theologian he defended the authority of the Catholic Church against the Reformers. His most important theological work is a rejoinder to Henry VIII of England titled "Hierarchiæ ecclesiasticæ assertio" (Cologne, 1538, dedicated to Paul III; later editions, 1544, 1558, 1572). In reply John Leland wrote his "Antiphilarchia".

paragraph: Pighius also wrote:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Apologia indicti a Paulo III. Concilii, adversus Lutheranas confederationes" (Cologne, 1537; Paris, 1538);

paragraph: BULLET::::- "De libero hominis arbitrio et divina gratia libri X" (Cologne, 1542), against Martin Luther and John Calvin;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Controversiarum præcipuarum in Comitiis Ratisponensibus tractatarum ... explicatio (Cologne, 1542). To this were added the two treatises: "Quæstio de divortiatorum novis coniugiis et uxorum pluralitate sub lege evangelica" and "Diatriba de actis VI. et VII. Synodi".

paragraph: Other theological works were:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ratio componendorum dissidiorum et sarciendæ in religione concordiæ" (Cologne, 1542)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Apologia adversus Martini Buceri calumnias" (Mainz, 1543).

paragraph: A treatise "Adversus Græcorum errores", dedicated to Clement VII, is preserved in manuscript in the Vatican Library.

paragraph: Section::::Theologian.

paragraph: Pighius on some points advanced teachings which were not in harmony with the Catholic position. One was his opinion that original sin was nothing more than the sin of Adam imputed to every child at birth, without any inherent taint of sinfulness being in the child itself. In the doctrine of justification he made concessions to Protestants.

paragraph: He originated the doctrine of the double righteousness by which man is justified, that has been characterized as "semi-Lutheranism". According to this theory, the imputed righteousness of Christ is the formal cause of the justification of man before God, while the individual righteousness inherent in man is always imperfect and therefore insufficient. These opinions of Pighius were adopted by Johannes Gropper and Cardinal Contarini; during the discussion at the Council of Trent of the "Decretum de Justificatione" they were maintained by Girolamo Seripando, but the Council rejected the compromise theory.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hubert Jedin, "Studien über die Schriftstellertätigkeit Albert Pigges" (Münster/Westf. 1931)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Linsenmann, "Albertus Pighius und sein theologischer Standpunkt" in Theol. Quartalschrift, XLVIII (1866), 571-644;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ludwig von Pastor, "Die kirchlichen Reunionsbestrebungen während der Regierung Karls V." (Freiburg im Br., 1879), 167 sq.;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dittrich, "Gasparo Contarini" (Braunsberg, 1885), 660-69;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hefele-Hergenröther, "Conciliengesch.", IX (Freiburg im Br., 1890), 936-38;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hefner, "Die Entstehungsgesch. des Trienter Rechtfertigungsdecretes" (Paderborn. 1909), 165 sq.

paragraph: BULLET::::- G. Melles, "Albertus Pighius en zijn strijd met Calvijn over het liberum arbitrium" (Kampen, 1972)

paragraph: His correspondence was published by Friedensburg, "Beiträge sum Briefwechsel der kathol. Gelehrten Deutschlands im Reformationszeitalter" in Zeitschrift für Kirchengesch., XXIII (1902), 110-55.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Schaff-Herzog" article

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.reformationhappens.com/people/pighius/

description: Dutch mathematician and theologian

wikidata_label: Albert Pighius

wikipedia_title: Albert Pighius


text:
Franciscan Observantine
Segovia
Old Castile
Alphonso de Castro
Salamanca
Scotist
St. Bonaventure
Emperor Charles V
Council of Trent
Petrus Pacheco
Bishop of Jaen
canon of the Scriptures
Vulgate
justification
Dominicus de Soto
Thomism
John Calvin
Peter Canisius
Luke Wadding
Sbaralea
Hugo von Hurter

categories: Participants in the Council of Trent,University of Salamanca alumni,University of Salamanca faculty,Year of birth unknown,16th-century Spanish philosophers,Spanish Roman Catholic theologians,Spanish Friars Minor,1560 deaths

paragraph: Andreas de Vega

paragraph: Andreas de Vega (died c. 1560) was a Spanish theologian and Franciscan Observantine.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Vega was born at Segovia in Old Castile, Spain. He studied at the University of Salamanca, and was a professor there when he became an Observantine of the Franciscan Order. He continued his work as a teacher in the monastery of the Observantines where Alphonso de Castro also taught. He died at Salamanca.

paragraph: Vega was a moderate Scotist who at the same time held to St. Bonaventure. The Emperor Charles V sent Vega as theologian together with other scholars to the Council of Trent. At Trent he came into connection with Cardinal Petrus Pacheco, Bishop of Jaen (consequently called "Giennensis"), who was a patron of the Franciscan Order. Vega was conspicuous in the preliminary discussions of the canon of the Scriptures and on the "Vulgate", which were treated in the Decree promulgated in the fourth session of the council, 8 April 1546. He also took a prominent part in the preliminary discussions on the dogma of justification, and drew attention to himself at the same time by his debates with Dominicus de Soto, the Dominican who defended the dogmas of Thomism. The Decree was promulgated in the sixth session on 13 January 1547.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Previous to the council Vega had written to defend the Catholic doctrine of justification against the Protestants, "De justificatione, gratia fide, operibus et meritis quaestiones quindecim" (Venice, 1546). The dedication to Cardinal Pacheco is dated Trent, 1 January 1546. After the promulgation of the Decree he wrote in its defence at Trent and Venice, "Tridentini decreti de justificatione exposition et defensio lib. XV distincta" (Venice, 1548). In the last two books he attacks John Calvin's "Acta synodi tridentinae cum antidoto" (Geneva, 1547). This was Vega's major work. Peter Canisius had it reprinted at Cologne (1572) in one volume with Vega's previous work, "De justificatione". Reprints were issued at Cologne (1585) and at Aschaffenburg (1621).

paragraph: A posthumous work by Vega was also published, his "Commentaria in Psalmos" (Alaclà de Henares, 1599).

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

paragraph: BULLET::::- The entry cites:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Luke Wadding, "Scriptores ordinis minorum" (Rome, 1650), 14 sq.; (ibid., 1806), 1829; (ibid., 1906), 17 sq.;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sbaralea, "Supplementum ad scriptores ord. min." (Rome, 1806), 37 sq.; (2nd ed., ibid, 1908), I, 40;

paragraph: BULLET::::- WADDING-LUCAS DE VENETIA, Annales minorum, XVIII (Rome, 1740), 17-18, 122-23, 145-147; XIX (ibid., 1754), 208;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hugo von Hurter, "Nomenclator", IV (Innsbruck, 1899), 1179 sqq.; II (3rd ed., ibid., 1906), 1390–92;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concilium Tridentinum issued by the GURRES SOCIETY, I-V (Freiburg, 1901–1911);

paragraph: BULLET::::- HEFNER, Die Entstehungsgeschichte des Trienter Rechtfertigungsdekretes (Paderborn, 1909), 58-59; 102 sqq.

description: Spanish theologian

wikidata_label: Andreas de Vega

wikipedia_title: Andreas de Vega


text:
German
composer
cantor
Dresden
Kreuzkirche
Kreuzschule
Gottfried August Homilius
University of Leipzig
organist
Reformed Church
Leipzig
accompanist
Italian opera
Frauenkirche
Cantor
Kreuzkirche
opera
oratorio
cantata
hymn
piano
sonatas
Christian Theodor Weinlig

categories: German composers,1813 deaths,1743 births,People from Dresden

paragraph: Christian Ehregott Weinlig

paragraph: Christian Ehregott Weinlig (September 30, 1743 – March 14, 1813) was a German composer and cantor of Dresden's Kreuzkirche.

paragraph: Born in Dresden, Weinlig received his musical training at the city's Kreuzschule from Gottfried August Homilius, and from the University of Leipzig in 1765. From 1767 to 1773 he was organist of the Reformed Church in Leipzig. From 1780 he was an accompanist for Italian opera and an organist for the Frauenkirche in Dresden. From 1785 to his death he served as Cantor of the Kreuzkirche and Kreuzschule in Dresden.

paragraph: Weinlig wrote several operas, oratorios ("Der Christ am Grabe Jesu"), cantatas ("Augusta"), hymns, pieces for piano, and sonatas in a sentimental style.

paragraph: His nephew, Christian Theodor Weinlig, was also a composer.

description: German composer

wikidata_label: Christian Ehregott Weinlig

wikipedia_title: Christian Ehregott Weinlig


text: British

text: North Borneo

text: Gambia

text: Fiji

text: Jamaica

text: Nigeria

text: Bristol

text: Clifton College

text: Christ Church, Oxford

text: Straits Settlements

text: Federated Malay States

text: Johore

text: Governor of the Gambia

text: Governor of Fiji

text: Governor of Jamaica

text: Governor of Nigeria

text: CMG

text: Clifton

text: City of Bristol

text: K.St.J.

text: Medal of Freedom

categories: British Governors and Governors-General of Nigeria,1885 births,Governors of the Gambia,People from Bristol,Governors of Jamaica,Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George,People educated at Clifton College,Governors of North Borneo,Place of death missing,Place of birth missing,Governors of Fiji,Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom,High Commissioners for the Western Pacific,1978 deaths

paragraph: Arthur Richards, 1st Baron Milverton

paragraph: Arthur Frederick Richards, 1st Baron Milverton (21 February 1885 – 27 October 1978), was a British colonial administrator who over his career served as Governor of North Borneo, Gambia, Fiji, Jamaica, and Nigeria.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Richards was born in Bristol in 1885, the son of William Richards. He was educated at Clifton College in Bristol, and graduated from Christ Church, Oxford, in 1907 with a BA.

paragraph: Section::::Colonial service.

paragraph: Richards entered the Malayan Civil Service in 1908. By 1921, he had become the Acting 1st Assistant Colonial Secretary for the Straits Settlements. He served as Acting Under-Secretary of the Federated Malay States in 1926, and became full Under-Secretary from 1927 to 1929. He was the Acting General Advisor in Johore between 1929 and 1920, and from 1930 to 1933 he served as the Governor of Northern Borneo. Following this, he served as Governor of the Gambia from 1933 to 1936.

paragraph: He served as Governor of Fiji from 1936 to 1938 concurrently with High Commissioner of the Western Pacific. From 1938 to 1943, he served as Governor of Jamaica. From 1943 to 1948, he served as Governor of Nigeria. He was known in the Colonial Service as 'Old Sinister'. He became the first Colonial Office official to be raised to the peerage while still in office. In 1986, his former private secretary in Nigeria, Richard Peel, published a memoir of Richards, titled "Old Sinister: A Memoir of Sir Arthur Richards".

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: He was made a CMG in 1933, elevated to KCMG in 1935, and again to GCMG in 1942. In 1947 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Milverton, of Lagos and of Clifton in the City of Bristol. He was also appointed as K.St.J., and was awarded the US Medal of Freedom with Silver Palm.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: In 1927, Richards married Noelle Bënda Whitehead (18 December 1904 – 11 September 2010), daughter of Charles Basil Whitehead. He died in October 1978, aged 93, and was succeeded in the Barony by his eldest son Fraser Arthur Richard Richards.

description: British Colonial Governor

wikidata_label: Arthur Richards, 1st Baron Milverton

wikipedia_title: Arthur Richards, 1st Baron Milverton


text:
Broadway
Los Angeles
infantile paralysis
Ziegfeld Follies
Jubilee
Cole Porter
Begin the Beguine
The Would-Be Gentleman
Sweethearts
Broadway Melody of 1936
Robert Taylor
Pierce Brothers Valhalla Memorial Park
Hollywood Walk of Fame
Hollywood Boulevard
Ladies Must Love
Cross Country Cruise
Wake Up and Dream
Broadway Melody of 1936
Vacation from Love
The Lilac Domino
Photographs of June Knight

categories: 20th-century American actresses,American film actresses,People from the Greater Los Angeles Area,1987 deaths,American musical theatre actresses,20th-century American singers,Actresses from California,1913 births,Disease-related deaths in California,Burials at Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery,20th-century American women singers

paragraph: June Knight

paragraph: June Knight (born Margaret Rose Valliquietto; January 22, 1913 – June 16, 1987) was an American Broadway and film actress and singer.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Knight was born in Los Angeles in 1913. During the first years of her life, she was in very poor health. She suffered from tuberculosis when she was 4 years old and doctors told her parents that there was a strong chance that she would not live to maturity.

paragraph: Due to infantile paralysis, she could not walk till she was five years old. When she was 10 years old, she started to sing and dance in public.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Dancer John Holland changed her name to June Knight when she became his partner, assigning her the same name as that of his previous partner. That change led to a court case in 1940, when the actress June Knight filed suit against the original dancer with that name. The actress said that she had made the name famous and that the dancer had previously agreed to stop using that name.

paragraph: At age 19, she appeared in the last Ziegfeld Follies show, "Hot-Cha!" (1932). She was featured in four other Broadway shows, "Take A Chance" (1932), "Jubilee" (1935) (where she introduced the Cole Porter classic "Begin the Beguine"), "The Would-Be Gentleman" (1946) (her only non-musical) and "Sweethearts" (1947).

paragraph: She also had a short-lived film career, appearing in 12 films from 1930 to 1940, most notably in "Broadway Melody of 1936" (1935), in which she sang the hit song "I've Got a Feelin' You're Foolin'" with co-star Robert Taylor.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life and death.

paragraph: Knight married four times, including a marriage to oil man Arthur A. Cameron. She died in 1987, age 74, due to complications from a stroke; she was interred in Pierce Brothers Valhalla Memorial Park.

paragraph: Section::::Recognition.

paragraph: For her contribution to the motion picture industry, June Knight has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6247 Hollywood Boulevard.

paragraph: Section::::Selected filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ladies Must Love" (1933)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cross Country Cruise" (1934)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wake Up and Dream" (1934)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Broadway Melody of 1936" (1935)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vacation from Love" (1937)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Lilac Domino" (1937)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Photographs of June Knight

description: American Broadway and film actress

wikidata_label: June Knight

wikipedia_title: June Knight


text:
Sapa Inca
Cuzco
dynasty
Lloque Yupanqui
Cápac Yupanqui
Lake Titicaca
Arequipa
Potosí
Arequipa
Moquegua

categories: Inca emperors,14th-century monarchs in South America,13th-century births,13th-century monarchs in South America

paragraph: Mayta Cápac

paragraph: Mayta Cápac (Quechua "Mayta Qhapaq Inka") was the fourth Sapa Inca of the Kingdom of Cuzco (beginning around 1290 CE) and a member of the Hurin dynasty.

paragraph: Section::::Family and personal.

paragraph: As a son of King Lloque Yupanqui, Mayta Cápac was his heir and the father of Cápac Yupanqui. His wife's name is given as Mama Tankariy Yachiy, or Tacucaray, or Mama Cuca. His other children were Tarco Huaman, Apu Cunti Mayta, Queco Avcaylli, and Rocca Yupanqui.

paragraph: Mayta's mother was Mama Cora Ocllo Coya. She died in Cuzco.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: The chroniclers describe him as a great warrior who conquered territories as far as Lake Titicaca, Arequipa, and Potosí. While in fact, his kingdom was still limited to the valley of Cuzco. In 1134, Mayta Cápac put the regions of Arequipa and Moquegua under the control of the Inca empire.

paragraph: His great military feat was the subjugation of Alcabisas and Culunchimas tribes.

wikidata_label: Mayta Cápac

wikipedia_title: Mayta Cápac


text:
Austria
Ariosophy
magazine
Ostara
anti-semitic
"völkisch"
Penzing
Vienna
Austria-Hungary
middle class
burgher
Ordo Novi Templi
monk
Cistercian
Heiligenkreuz monastery
enlightened
Knight Templar
Aryan
lower races
Theozoology
sterilization
castrated
chandal
Gottmenschen
Biblical
Eve
demon
Aryan
Christian
divinity
Swedish
August Strindberg
prophet
Adolf Hitler
Dietrich Eckart
Herbert Kitchener
Guido von List
Otto Weininger
Guido-von-List-Gesellschaft
pedigree
beauty contest
racist
Earth
Werfenstein
Austria
Fritz von Herzmanovsky-Orlando
August Strindberg
ideological
Nazi Germany
occult
Third Reich
Aryanism
racism
esotericism
Frankfurt
Sodomite
Vienna
Frankfurt
Frankfurt
Vienna
Vienna
Pforzheim
Düsseldorf
Jakob Lorber
Düsseldorf
German mysticism
Nazi occultism
Nazism
Theosophy
Helena Blavatsky
Guido von List
Eugenics
Schutzstaffel
Antisemitism
Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke
The Occult Roots of Nazism
Joachim C. Fest
Toppenstedt
Anton Maegerle
Stuttgart
Wilfried Daim

categories: Neopagan writers,Pseudohistorians,1874 births,Austrian neopagans,Germanic mysticism,Christian fascists,Austrian Cistercians,Antisemitism in Austria,1954 deaths,Austrian astrologers,Christian occultists,20th-century Christian mystics,Austrian occultists,20th-century astrologers,People from Penzing (Vienna)

paragraph: Jörg Lanz von Liebenfels

paragraph: Adolf Josef Lanz a.k.a. Jörg Lanz, who called himself Lanz von Liebenfels (19 July 1874 – 22 April 1954), was an Austrian political and racial theorist and occultist, who was a pioneer of Ariosophy. He was a former monk and the founder of the magazine "Ostara", in which he published anti-semitic and "völkisch" theories.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: He was born on 19 July 1874 in the Penzing district of Vienna in what was then Austria-Hungary, as the son of schoolmaster Johann Lanz and his wife Katharina, née Hoffenreich. His parents were middle class, and his father's ancestors had been burghers in Vienna since the early 18th century. His mother was of Jewish ancestry which made him fail to meet his own standards for his organisation which he created in 1907 "Ordo Novi Templi" (Order of the New Templars). Although he did manage to fake his own ancestry with the organisation and became known as the "Ayan" "Baron Adolf Georg (Jörg) Lanz Von Liebenfels Ph.D."

paragraph: Lanz became a monk in the Cistercian order in 1893, assuming the name Georg and living in the Heiligenkreuz monastery. In 1894, he claimed to have been "enlightened" after finding the tombstone of a Knight Templar, and began developing his theories of "blue-blond Aryanism" and "lower races". He left the monastery in 1899; although Lanz claimed that this was due to "growing nervousness", the official documents recorded "carnal love" as the reason.

paragraph: Section::::Work with Theozoology.

paragraph: In 1905, he published his book "Theozoölogie oder die Kunde von den Sodoms-Äfflingen und dem Götter-Elektron" ("Theozoology, or the Science of the Sodomite-Apelings and the Divine Electron") in which he advocated sterilization of the sick and the "lower races" as well as forced labour for "castrated chandals", and glorified the "Aryan race" as ""Gottmenschen"" ("god-men"). Lanz justified his esoteric racial ideology by attempting to give it a Biblical foundation; according to him, Eve, whom he described as initially being divine, involved herself with a demon and gave birth to the "lower races" in the process. Furthermore, he claimed that this led to blonde women being attracted primarily to "dark men", something that only could be stopped by "racial demixing" so that the "Aryan-Christian master humans" could "once again rule the dark-skinned beastmen" and ultimately achieve divinity. A copy of this book was sent to Swedish poet August Strindberg, from whom Lanz received an enthusiastic reply in which he was described as a "prophetic voice".

paragraph: One year later, in 1905, he founded the magazine "Ostara, Briefbücherei der Blonden und Mannesrechtler", of which he became the sole author and editor in 1908. Lanz himself claimed to have up to 100,000 subscribers, but it is generally agreed that this figure is grossly exaggerated. Readers of this publication included Adolf Hitler, Dietrich Eckart and the British Field Marshal Herbert Kitchener among others. Lanz claimed he was visited by the young Hitler in 1909, whom he supplied with two missing issues of the magazine.

paragraph: As a student of Guido von List, Lanz further expanded his theories; other influences included Otto Weininger, of whom Lanz was a fervent follower.

paragraph: Section::::Interactions with Aryan societies.

paragraph: In 1905 Lanz and some 50 other supporters of List signed a declaration endorsing the proposed "Guido-von-List-Gesellschaft" (Guido von List Society), which was officially founded in 1908. He also founded his own esoteric organisation, the "Ordo Novi Templi" (Order of the New Templars) in 1907. These movements were supposed to "further the racial self-confidence by doing pedigree and racial research, beauty contests and the founding of racist "future sites" in underdeveloped parts of the Earth" ("das Rasse Bewusstsein durch Stammbaum- und Rassekunde Forschung, Schönheitswettbewerbe und die Gründung rassistischer Zukunftsstätten in unterentwickelten Teilen der Erde zu fördern"). To further this agenda, he purchased the Werfenstein castle ruins in Austria. Neither organization managed to attract a large member base; though, it is estimated that the order had around 300 members, most prominent of which was the poet Fritz von Herzmanovsky-Orlando. Lanz's claim that the organization was already founded prior to 1900, and that he met with August Strindberg in 1896 and managed to convince him to join the order, have been shown to be fabricated.

paragraph: After Hitler's rise to prominence in the 1920s, Lanz tried to be recognized as one of his ideological precursors. In the preface of issue one in the 3rd series of "Ostara", c. 1927, he wrote:

paragraph: After Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany in 1938, Lanz hoped for Hitler's patronage, but Hitler banned him from publishing his writings and copies of "Ostara" were removed from circulation. After the war, Lanz accused Hitler of having not only stolen but corrupted his idea, and also of being of "inferior racial stock".

paragraph: There is no strong scholarly consensus as to whether Hitler was significantly influenced, directly or indirectly, by Lanz's work, and no strong evidence that he was interested in the occult movement as a whole apart from its racial aspects, though the association has been repeatedly made by critics and occultists during and after the Third Reich.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: In his publications, Lanz mixed "völkisch" and anti-semitic ideas with Aryanism, racism and esotericism. The following is a partial list of Lanz's publications:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Katholizismus wider Jesuitismus" ("Catholicism versus Jesuitism"), Frankfurt, 1903

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Anthropozoon biblicum", in "Vjschr. für Bibelkunde 1", 1903/1904

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zur Theologie der gotischen Bibel" ("Regarding the Theology of the Gothic Bible") in "Vjschr. für Bibelkunde 1", 1903/1904

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Theozoologie oder die Kunde von den Sodoms-Äfflingen und dem Götter-Elektron" ("Theozoology, or the Account of the Sodomite Apelings and the Divine Electron"), Vienna, (1905)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Das Breve "Dominus ac redemptor noster"", Frankfurt, 1905

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Der Taxilschwindel. Ein welthistorischer Ulk", Frankfurt, 1905

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ostara" (magazine), 89 or 100 issues, Rodaun and Mödling, 1905–17 (38 issues were republished in Vienna between 1926 and 1931)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kraus und das Rassenproblem" ("Kraus and the Race Problem"), in "Der Brenner 4", 1913/1914

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Weltende und Weltwende", ("World's End and World's Turn"), Lorch, 1923

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Grundriss der ariosophischen Geheimlehre" ("Outline of the Ariosophic Secret Teachings"), Oestrich, 1925

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Der Weltkrieg als Rassenkampf der Dunklen gegen die Blonden" ("The World War as a Race Fight Between the Dark and the Blondes"), Vienna, 1927

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bibliomystikon oder die Geheimbibel der Eingeweihten" ("Bibliomystikon, or the Secret Bible of the Initiated"), 10 volumes, Pforzheim and elsewhere, 1929–1934

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Praktisch-empirisches Handbuch der ariosophischen Astrologie" ("Practical-empirical Handbook of Ariosophic Astrology"), Düsseldorf, 1926–34

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jakob Lorber. Das grösste ariosophische Medium der Neuzeit", Düsseldorf, 1926, 4 Bänden.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- German mysticism

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nazi occultism

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nazism

paragraph: BULLET::::- Theosophy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Helena Blavatsky

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guido von List

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eugenics

paragraph: BULLET::::- Schutzstaffel

paragraph: BULLET::::- Antisemitism

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- For a relatively unbiased scholarly English account of Lanz see Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke's "The Occult Roots of Nazism", pp. 90–122.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Joachim C. Fest: "Hitler", p. 169f & 175f, Book I (chapter 2 & 3)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ekkehard Hieronimus: "Lanz von Liebenfels. Eine Biographie", Toppenstedt, 1991

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anton Maegerle, Peter Paul Heller: "Thule. Vom völkischen Okkultismus bis zur Neuen Rechten", Stuttgart, 1995

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wilfried Daim: "Der Mann, der Hitler die Ideen gab" (1st ed.: 1957, 2nd. ed.: 1985 3rd ed.: 1994)

description: Austrian publicist

wikidata_label: Jörg Lanz von Liebenfels

wikipedia_title: Jörg Lanz von Liebenfels


text:
Seville
Grand Prix
motorcycle
road racer
2006 season
Pramac d'Antin
Ducati
Honda
1999
Maxon Dee Cee Jeans
Luis D'Antin
MotoGP
2005
Superbike World Championship
2006
German
Alex Hofmann
WCM
Team Roberts
Honda
Tech 3
Yamaha
James Ellison
Crash.net profile

categories: Superbike World Championship riders,1975 births,Sportspeople from Seville,250cc World Championship riders,500cc World Championship riders,Spanish motorcycle racers,Pramac Racing MotoGP riders,Living people

paragraph: José Luis Cardoso

paragraph: Jose Luis Cardoso Lobo (born 2 February 1975 in Seville, Spain) is a Grand Prix motorcycle road racer. During the 2006 season, he rode for the Pramac d'Antin Ducati squad, his second time with this team.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: His first success was victory in the 1990 Andalucian 125cc championship, before moving up to the national championship a year later. In 1993 he won the Spanish 125cc title, as well as the Andalucian 250cc series, and made his 125cc World Championship debut in his home round. He combined world and Spanish 250cc racing over the next two seasons, finishing as runner-up in his domestic series in 1995.

paragraph: Cardoso concentrated on international racing for the first time in 1996, but did not match his 16th overall in the world series over the next two seasons. He doubled up successfully in 1998, winning the Spanish 250cc title and finishing 11th in the international level.

paragraph: Section::::500cc and MotoGP part 1.

paragraph: This was enough to earn him a 500cc World Championship ride with the TSR Honda team in 1999, finishing 25th overall. In 2000 his team had sponsorship from Maxon Dee Cee Jeans, and he finished 18th overall. 2001 was his first year with Luis D'Antin's team, and he racked up 45 points, more than double his 2000 total, although it was only good for 16th overall. The championship became MotoGP in 2002, although he only made 5 appearances, and did not race anything in 2003.

paragraph: Section::::Recent years.

paragraph: In 2004 Cardoso won the Spanish Formula Extreme title, and in 2005, he moved to Superbike World Championship, with the DFXtreme Yamaha team. He was highly competitive in testing, but struggled to finish races, ultimately coming only 31st overall. However, he went back to MotoGP and D'Antin in 2006, racing a 2005-spec Ducati as teammate to German Alex Hofmann. With the WCM team absent, and Team Roberts powered by Honda engines, they and Tech 3 Yamaha are the only privateer teams on the grid, and Cardoso and Hofmann have usually only had Tech 3's James Ellison near them at the bottom of the timesheets.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Crash.net profile

description: Spanish motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: José Luis Cardoso

wikipedia_title: José Luis Cardoso


text:
Greek
Old Persian
Aramaic
Anshan
Cyrus the Great
Cyrus I
Arukku
Cambyses II
Achaemenid dynasty
Achaemenes
Teispes
Cyrus I
Ariaramnes
Arsames
Herodotus
Astyages
Media
Princess
Mandane of Media
Aryenis
Cyaxares
Media
Alyattes
Lydia
Cyrus the Great
Nicolas of Damascus
Battle of the Persian Border
Herodotus
Persian Empire
Kamboja
Jean Przyluski
Austric
Friedrich von Spiegel
Sten Konow
Ernst Herzfeld
James Hope Moulton
Wojciech Skalmowski
Sanskrit
tribal
Indo-Iranians
Indo-Aryans
Iranians
Achaemenes
Cyrus
prehistoric
James Hope Moulton
Arnold J. Toynbee
Eurasian nomads
Kambojas
Kurus
Volkerwanderung
Cyrus

categories: 600s BC births,Achaemenid dynasty,559 BC deaths,Monarchs of Persia,6th-century BC Kings of Anshan (Persia),6th-century BC rulers,6th-century BC Iranian people

paragraph: Cambyses I

paragraph: Cambyses I or Cambyses the Elder (via Latin from Greek , from Old Persian "Kambūǰiya", Aramaic "Knbwzy"; ) was king of Anshan from c. 580 to 559 BC and the father of Cyrus the Great (Cyrus II), younger son of Cyrus I, and brother of Arukku. He should not be confused with his better-known grandson Cambyses II.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Cambyses was an early member of the Achaemenid dynasty. He was apparently a great-grandson of its founder Achaemenes, grandson of Teispes and son of Cyrus I. His paternal uncle was Ariaramnes and his first cousin was Arsames.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: According to Herodotus, Cambyses was "a man of good family and quiet habits". He reigned under the overlordship of Astyages, King of Media. He was reportedly married to Princess Mandane of Media, a daughter to Astyages and Princess Aryenis of Lydia. His wife was reportedly a granddaughter to both Cyaxares of Media and Alyattes of Lydia. The result of their marriage was the birth of his successor Cyrus the Great. According to Nicolas of Damascus his original name was Atradates, and he was wounded and later died in the Battle of the Persian Border which he, with his son, fought against Astyages. It occurred in about 551 BC, and he is reported to have received an honorable burial.

paragraph: Also according to Herodotus, Astyages chose Cambyses as a son-in-law because he considered him to pose no threat to the Median throne, having dreamt his daughter would give birth to one who would rule Asia. This was not quite the case with Cyrus the Great who would go on to depose his grandfather, and to begin the Persian Empire.

paragraph: Section::::Etymology.

paragraph: Though numerous scholars link Cambyses to the Sanskrit tribal name Kamboja there are also few scholars who suggest Elamite origin of the name. Jean Przyluski had sought to find an Austric (Kol or Munda) affinity for Kamboja.

paragraph: Friedrich von Spiegel, Sten Konow, Ernst Herzfeld, James Hope Moulton, Wojciech Skalmowski and some other scholars think that Cambyses (Kambujiya) is adjectival form of the Sanskrit tribal name "Kamboja".

paragraph: Spiegel also regards Kamboja/Kambujiya (Cambyses) and Kuru/Kyros (Cyrus) as the names of two pre-historic/legendary heroes of the Indo-Iranians (i.e. "prior to their split into Indo-Aryans and Iranians" ) which were later revived naturally in the royal family of the Achaemenes and further opines that the myths about Cyrus were largely due to the confusion between the historical and the legendary heroes of the prehistoric period

paragraph: James Hope Moulton regards Spiegel's suggestions as the best of other etymological explanations of these two names.

paragraph: As against this, Arnold J. Toynbee discusses the issue of two Persian names Kambujiya (Cambyses) as well as Kurush (Cyrus) at length and regards them both as derived from the two Eurasian nomads, the Kambojas and the Kurus mentioned in the Sanskrit texts and who, according to him, had entered India and Iran in the Volkerwanderung of 8th and 7th century BC.

paragraph: Toynbee concludes that the conquest of the world by elder branch of the House of Achaemenes had been achieved by the valor of the Kuru and Kamboja Nomad reinforcements, hence as a commemoration, the elder branch of the House had named all their great princes from Cyrus I onwards, alternately, as Cyrus (Kurosh/Kuru) and Cambyses (Kambujiya/Kamboja).

description: King of Anshan in Iran from c. 580 to 559 BC and the father of Cyrus the Great

wikidata_label: Cambyses I

wikipedia_title: Cambyses I


text:
Podolia
Ukraine
Paris
Ukrainian
Podolsk guberniya
Odessa
real school
art classes
Kyriak Kostandi
Imperial Academy of Arts
Saint Petersburg
Peredvizhniki
Aleksandr Kuprin
Ivan Bunin
The Protocols of the Elders of Zion
Sergei Nilus
Korney Chukovsky
Odessa pogrom

categories: Imperial Russian artists,1943 deaths,20th-century Russian painters,19th-century Russian writers,Imperial Russian people of Swiss descent,19th-century Russian painters,1869 births,Russian male painters,Imperial Russian painters,White Russian emigrants to France,20th-century Russian writers

paragraph: Pyotr Nilus

paragraph: Pyotr Alexandrovich Nilus (, ; Podolia, Ukraine - 23 May 1943 Paris) was a Ukrainian impressionist painter and writer who emigrated to France as the Soviet Union was formed.

paragraph: Pyotr was born to a russified Swiss family in their family estate in Podolsk guberniya. At the age of seven he moved to Odessa where he studied at the local Peter and Paul real school and attended art classes of Kyriak Kostandi. Then he attended the Imperial Academy of Arts in Saint Petersburg and participated in exhibitions of Peredvizhniki.

paragraph: In 1920 he emigrated to Paris where he worked until his death in 1943. Pyotr Nilus was friend with Aleksandr Kuprin, Ivan Bunin. For the first years in Paris they lived in the same house. They led an intensive correspondence; there were published more than one hundred letters of Pyotr Nilus to Bunin

paragraph: Pyotr Nilus is often confused with his relative, notorious antisemite and the first publisher of The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, Sergei Nilus. In fact Pyotr was not antisemitic and in 1906 together with Korney Chukovsky actively participated in the efforts to help Jewish children, victims of the Odessa pogrom.

alias:
Peter Alexandrovich Nilus
Pyotr A. Nilus
Petr Aleksandrovich Nilus

description: Ukrainian artist

wikidata_label: Pyotr Nilus

wikipedia_title: Pyotr Nilus


text:
House of Commons
Vere Fane, 4th Earl of Westmorland
Lincoln's Inn
Emmanuel College, Cambridge
Thomas
Hythe
Oudenarde
Lille
Lord Godolphin
Duke of Marlborough
Malplaquet
Hythe
Kent
Buckingham
Whig
Tory
British Army
colonel
general
Ireland
Earl of Westmorland
Colen Campbell
Palladian
Mereworth Castle
5th
6th Earl
Mildmay
barony of Le Despencer
in fee
Francis Dashwood
Thomas Fane of Bristol
Francis Fane
Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland

wikipedia_title: Francis Dashwood, 11th Baron le Despencer

categories: Chancellors of the University of Oxford,Earls of Westmorland,Royal Horse Guards officers,British MPs 1727–1734,37th Regiment of Foot officers,British Life Guards officers,Fane family,British Army generals,1762 deaths,18th-century British Army personnel,British military personnel of the War of the Spanish Succession,17th-century English nobility,Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies,18th-century English nobility,British MPs 1715–1722,British MPs 1708–1710,1685 births

paragraph: John Fane, 7th Earl of Westmorland

paragraph: John Fane, 7th Earl of Westmorland (24 March 1685 – 26 August 1762), styled The Honourable John Fane from 1691 to 1733 and Lord Catherlough from 1733 to 1736, was a British Army officer and politician who sat in the House of Commons in three separate stretches between 1708 and 1734.

paragraph: John Fane was the son of Vere Fane, 4th Earl of Westmorland and his wife Rachel Bence. He was admitted at Lincoln's Inn in 1703, and entered as a fellow commoner at Emmanuel College, Cambridge in 1703/4. It is likely that his older brother Thomas influenced his decision to become Member of Parliament for Hythe in 1708, a position which he held until 1711. That same year, he joined the army and fought at Oudenarde and Lille. After the war, he returned to England with a letter for the Lord High Treasurer, Lord Godolphin, from the Duke of Marlborough, who wrote that "Fane behaved himself very well, so that I am desirous you would do him the honour of presenting him to the Queen. I like him much better than his brother [Westmorland]." A year later, however, he left for the continent again, this time as a Captain of horse in William Cardogan's regiment, and saw action at Malplaquet.

paragraph: In 1709 and 1710, he was re-elected as Member of Parliament for Hythe, but he was forced to relinquish his seat in 1711 due to a petition by Tory candidates. He later became Member of Parliament for Kent from 1715 to 1722, and for Buckingham from 1727 to 1734. While originally a Whig, Fane changed sides and became a Tory during the reign of George II. He may also have been involved in Jacobite intrigues.

paragraph: During his service in the British Army, Fane reached the rank of colonel in the 1st Troop, Horse Guards, and that of general in 1761. He was created 1st Baron Catherlough of Catherlough in Ireland on 4 October 1733 and succeeded his elder brother as 7th Earl of Westmorland in 1736. He is also notable for being the patron of Colen Campbell's Palladian Mereworth Castle.

paragraph: Since Fane outlived many of his siblings, including the 5th and 6th Earl, and was the only male heir, he inherited most of their properties. His wealth increased further with an inheritance from his younger brother Mildmay and with the revenue from his Caterlough barony.

paragraph: When Fane died without issue in 1762, his Irish barony became extinct; the barony of Le Despencer, being a barony in fee, devolved upon his nephew Sir Francis Dashwood, Bt; and the earldom of Westmorland went to the male heir, Thomas Fane of Bristol, merchant, son of Henry Fane, (d. 1726,) attorney at law, grandson of Sir Francis Fane, and great grandson of Sir Francis Fane, of Fulbeck, co. Lincoln, the third son of Francis Fane, 1st Earl of Westmorland.

description: British politician

wikidata_label: John Fane, 7th Earl of Westmorland

wikipedia_title: John Fane, 7th Earl of Westmorland


text:
YouTuber
Santa Brígida
Complutense University of Madrid
Antena 3
Televisión Española
Televisión Canaria
women's rights
gender violence
Canary Islands
El Hierro
Lanzarote
Addis Ababa
Mumbai
Los Angeles
Strait of Magellan
Ushuaia
Baja California Peninsula
kayak

wikipedia_title:
YouTuber
Santa Brígida, Las Palmas
Complutense University of Madrid
Antena 3 (Spain)
Televisión Española
Televisión Canaria
Women's rights
Gender violence
Canary Islands
El Hierro
Lanzarote
Addis Ababa
Mumbai
Los Angeles
Strait of Magellan
Ushuaia
Baja California Peninsula
Kayak

categories: Spanish women journalists,1976 births,21st-century Spanish women writers,Canarian writers,Spanish YouTubers,People from Gran Canaria,Complutense University of Madrid alumni,Female YouTubers,Spanish-language YouTubers,Spanish television journalists,Spanish women's rights activists,Living people,Canarian sportspeople

paragraph: Cristina Spínola

paragraph: Cristina García Spínola de Brito (born 27 June 1976) is a Spanish journalist, athlete, television reporter, writer, and YouTuber. She is the first Spanish woman to ride around the world on a bicycle without technical support.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Cristina García Spínola was born in 1976 in Santa Brígida, a community of Las Palmas, Gran Canaria. She graduated in Journalism at the Complutense University of Madrid in 1999. From 1994 to 1998 she worked as a journalist at "". From 1999 to 2009, she was a reporter and presenter at Antena 3 TV, Televisión Española (TVE), and Televisión Canaria.

paragraph: At TVE she began her activism for women's rights. In 2005, she presented a current events program where most of the cases involved gender violence and were very brutal. She realized that her journalistic vocation should be accompanied by a social commitment, and she started campaigning for women's rights by bicycle. In 2005 she traveled alone on her bicycle through the seven Canary Islands with "La ruta por la igualdad", an initiative that allowed her to pedal from El Hierro to Lanzarote promulgating gender equality. This adventure culminated in the book "Sola, Ruta por la Igualdad" (2006), and opened up the possibility of a more extensive journey under the same motto. Her 2016 book "Taller de Felicidad, Claves para Crear la Vida que Quieres" (Happiness Workshop, Keys to Creating the Life You Want) tell of her experience of personal development, how she overcame her limits to take the first step, and start a life of travel. Her 2018 book "Sola en bici: Soñé en grande y toqué el cielo" (Alone on a Bike, I Dreamed Big and Touched the Sky) tells of her tour around the world by bicycle, mostly solo, which took place from 2014 to 2017, and that led her to travel about 30,000 km through 27 countries.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Around the world by bicycle.

paragraph: In March 2014 Cristina Spínola flew to South Africa with her bicycle in a crate. From there she started pedaling to Ethiopia, passing through Mozambique, Malawi, Tanzania, and Kenya. In Addis Ababa she took a plane, and since she was not traveling with a man, in Saudi Arabia she was not given the necessary visa to cross the Middle East. She crossed the Indian Ocean to Mumbai, crossed India to Nepal, from there to Southeast Asia, then Singapore, Indonesia, and New Zealand. From there she flew to Los Angeles. Cycling from Los Angeles to the Strait of Magellan took her three years and one month.

paragraph: The purpose of Spínola's trip was to promote equality between men and women and the empowerment of women in all spheres of society. Her intention was to be the inspiration that some women need to rid themselves of the chains imposed by society, so that the only chains present in their lives are those of their bicycles. During her tour of the world by bicycle she escaped an attempted rape, an attack with a machete, and having a rifle pointed at her. On 21 April 2017, she successfully finished her journey in Ushuaia, Argentina, becoming the first Spanish woman to go around the world on a bicycle without technical support, pedaling for three years and one month in 27 countries and traveling 30,000 km.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:45 days alone in a kayak.

paragraph: In late December 2017, Spínola undertook another great challenge – to travel the Baja California Peninsula from north to south alone aboard a kayak. Although her intention was to complete this voyage in two months, bad weather and the lack of water extended it to three months, with 45 days of navigation. She again had no technical support, randomly staying overnight on the coast of the Mexican peninsula and facing shortages of food and water in desert areas.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sola, Ruta por la Igualdad" (Cabildo de Gran Canaria, 2006),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Taller de Felicidad, Claves para Crear la Vida que Quieres" (2016),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sola en bici: Soñé en grande y toqué el cielo" (Ediciones Casiopea, 2018),

paragraph: Section::::Awards and recognitions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015: Recognition of Women United for Gender Equality Towards Integral and Sustainable Development

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018: "40 Years of "Revista Viajar"" Award

description: First Spaniard woman to make a world tour on bike.

wikidata_label: Cristina Spinola

wikipedia_title: Cristina Spínola


text: Major League Baseball

text: center fielder

text: Toledo Blue Stockings

text: St. Louis Browns

text: Philadelphia Athletics

text: Baltimore Orioles

text: Cincinnati Reds

text: Louisville Colonels

text: Northwestern League

text: American Association

text: 1886 World Series

text: batting average

text: Eastern League

text: Syracuse Stars

text: hit by pitch

text: stolen base

text: Bill James

categories: Carbondale Anthracites players,St. Louis Browns (AA) players,Syracuse Stars (minor league baseball) players,Major League Baseball center fielders,Toledo Blue Stockings players,Philadelphia Athletics (AA) players,1896 deaths,1862 births,Baseball players from Ohio,19th-century baseball players,Baltimore Orioles players,Toledo Blue Stockings (minor league) players,Louisville Colonels players,East Liverpool East End All Stars players,Cincinnati Reds players

paragraph: Curt Welch

paragraph: Curtis Benton Welch (February 11, 1862 – August 29, 1896) was a Major League Baseball center fielder for the Toledo Blue Stockings, St. Louis Browns, Philadelphia Athletics, Baltimore Orioles, Cincinnati Reds, and Louisville Colonels.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Welch started his professional baseball career in 1883 with Toledo of the Northwestern League and stayed with the club when it moved to the American Association the following year. In 1885, he joined the St. Louis Browns (today's Cardinals). Welch scored the series-winning run in extra innings of game 6 of the 1886 World Series in a close play at the plate famous among baseball fans of his generation as the "$15,000 slide."

paragraph: After three seasons with St. Louis, Welch went to Philadelphia and had a career-high .282 batting average in 1888. He played for the Athletics until 1890 and then had short stints with the Orioles, Reds, and Colonels. His major league career ended in 1893, and he spent the next two seasons with the Eastern League's Syracuse Stars.

paragraph: Welch led the AA in hit by pitches in 1888, 1890, and 1891, and he ranked third in stolen bases in 1886 and 1888. He was regarded as one of the best defensive center fielders of the 19th century. In the 2010 book "The New Bill James Historical Baseball Abstract", Bill James ranked Welch as the 83rd greatest center fielder of all-time.

paragraph: Welch sometimes kept a case of beer in the outfield behind a billboard, taking a drink between innings. Welch's career was damaged by his drinking, and he died in 1896.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball annual doubles leaders

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball career stolen bases leaders

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Curt Welch

wikipedia_title: Curt Welch


text: Swedish

text: ice hockey

text: goaltender

text: unrestricted free agent

text: Utah Grizzlies

text: ECHL

text: KHL Medveščak Zagreb

text: Kontinental Hockey League

text: junior hockey

text: Djurgårdens IF

text: Stefan Ridderwall

text: Elitserien

text: Brynäs IF

text: Mälarhöjden/Bredängs IK

text: Almtuna IS

text: Örebro HK

text: Mora IK

text: 2010–11 Elitserien season

text: Sweden

text: Uganda

text: Russia

text: Sebastian

text: Atlanta Thrashers

text: Idol

categories: Djurgårdens IF Hockey players,Black ice hockey players,Toronto Marlies players,Las Vegas Wranglers players,Reading Royals players,Almtuna IS players,Sportspeople from Stockholm,Swedish ice hockey goaltenders,Mora IK players,Idol (Swedish TV series) participants,1989 births,Swedish people of Russian descent,Luleå HF players,Swedish people of Ugandan descent,Örebro HK players,KHL Medveščak Zagreb players,Living people

paragraph: Mark Owuya

paragraph: Mark Aloysius Opoya Owuya (born 18 July 1989) is a professional Swedish ice hockey goaltender. He is currently an unrestricted free agent who most recently played for the Utah Grizzlies of the ECHL. He formerly played for KHL Medveščak Zagreb, a member of the Kontinental Hockey League.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.

paragraph: Owuya began playing junior hockey with Djurgårdens IF in the 2005–06 season when he began playing with the U18 team. The following season Owuya played with both Djurgården's U18 and J20 team and also played most of the games with the Djurgården's J20 team in the 2007–08 season. While Stefan Ridderwall joined team Sweden for the 2008 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships, Owuya made his Elitserien debut on 3 January 2008, against Brynäs IF. He was loaned out to Mälarhöjden/Bredängs IK during the 2007–08 winter, and was also later loaned out to Almtuna IS for the entire 2008–09 season.

paragraph: Owuya was also on loan during the 2009–10 season, first to Örebro HK and later Mora IK. In the 2010 pre-season, Owuya was moved up to Djurgården's senior team, to compete with goaltender Stefan Ridderwall to be the first choice in the goal. Ultimately, Owuya played in 32 out of 55 games in the 2010–11 Elitserien season, with a 2.18 goals against average and league-best save percentage of .927. He also played in all of Djurgården's seven playoff games, with a 1.66 goals against average and a .924 save percentage.

paragraph: Section::::International play.

paragraph: Owuya represented Sweden at the 2009 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.

paragraph: Section::::Personal.

paragraph: His father is from Uganda and his mother is from Russia. Mark's brother Sebastian was drafted by the Atlanta Thrashers in 2010. Owuya is also known in Sweden for rapping on popular talent show "Idol" as "Mark In Da Park".

description: Swedish ice hockey goaltender

wikidata_label: Mark Owuya

wikipedia_title: Mark Owuya


text:
Abbess
Abbey of Faremoutiers
Saint Faro
Jonas of Bobbio
life
Columbanus
Irish
monk
Meaux
Theudebert II
betrothed
Eustasius
Luxeuil
Saint Stephen
Faro
Chagnoald
Chilperic I

categories: 7th-century deaths,French Roman Catholic religious sisters and nuns,Year of birth unknown,7th-century Frankish saints,Frankish abbesses

paragraph: Burgundofara

paragraph: Burgundofara (died 643 or 655), also Saint Fara or Fare, was the founder and first Abbess of the Abbey of Faremoutiers. Her family is knowns as the Faronids, named after her brother Saint Faro.

paragraph: Jonas of Bobbio's life of Columbanus reports that she was blessed by the Irish monk when a child:Then Columban went to the city of Meaux. There he was received with great joy by a nobleman Hagneric (Chagneric, father of Burgundofara), who was a friend of Theudebert [King Theudebert II], a wise man, and a counsellor grateful to the king, and was fortified by nobility and wisdom. ... Columban blessed his house and consecrated to the Lord his daughter Burgundofara, who was still a child, and of whom we shall speak later.

paragraph: Jonas's life of Burgundofara picks up the tale. She is betrothed against her will, and against Columbanus' prediction, and straight away falls deathly sick. Her father Chagneric says to Eustasius of Luxeuil, who happens to be present, "Would that she might return to health and devote herself to divine service!" Burgundofara recovers, thanks to Eustasius's prayers, but her father goes back on his word and decides to give her away in marriage. She discovers this, and flees to the church of Saint Stephen in Meaux. There her brothers Faro and Chagnoald catch her, and are set on killing her for disobeying their father Chagneric, but the timely arrival of Eustasius settles matters.

paragraph: With Eustasius's support, and the approval of Bishop Gundoald of Meaux, Burgundofara established an abbey on her father's lands. First called "Evoriacum", it was later renamed Faremoutiers in her honour.

paragraph: Studies of Burgundofara's life, and those of noble heiresses in similar situations, lead some writers to conclude that in fact the abbey was very likely established with her father's blessing, and the supposed parental insistence upon her marriage may have been no more than a front, especially if the marriage was proposed by the King. An edict of King Chilperic I a generation earlier had favoured the claims of daughters in inheritance over those of uncles and nephews, making the marriage of an heiress of considerable importance to the wider family.

paragraph: The feast of Saint Burgundofara is celebrated on 3 April, probably in error. At Faremoutiers, she was commemorated on 7 December.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Riché, Pierre, "Dictionnaire des Francs: Les temps Mérovingiens." Eds. Bartillat, 1996.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wickham, Chris "The Inheritance of Rome: A History of Europe from 400 to 1000.", 2009.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Notes

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Macnamara, Jo Ann, Halborg, John E. & Whatley, E. Gordon, "Sainted Women of the Dark Ages." Duke University Press, 1992.

description: Frankish Abbess

wikidata_label: Burgundofara

wikipedia_title: Burgundofara


text: Kwakwaka'wakw

text: British Columbia

text: Alert Bay

text: Victoria, B.C.

text: George Hunt

text: Henry Hunt

text: Thunderbird Park

text: British Columbia Provincial Museum

text: Tony Hunt

text: Stanley C. Hunt

text: Pan Pacific Swimming Championships

text: Rideau Hall

text: Lord Alexander

text: Order of British Columbia

text: Order of Canada

text: Royal Canadian Academy of Arts

text: Richard Hunt

text: Biography of Richard Hunt

categories: Kwakwa̱ka̱ʼwakw woodcarvers,Artists from British Columbia,1951 births,Northwest Coast art,Living people

paragraph: Richard Hunt (artist)

paragraph: Richard Hunt (born 1951, Kwakwaka'wakw, formerly "Kwakiutl") is a Canadian First Nations artist from coastal British Columbia.

paragraph: Hunt was born in 1951 at Alert Bay, B.C., but has lived most of his life in Victoria, B.C. On his father's side, he is a descendant of the renowned Native ethnologist George Hunt. He began carving at the age of thirteen. In 1973 he began carving with his father Henry Hunt at Thunderbird Park at the British Columbia Provincial Museum in Victoria.

paragraph: Richard's brothers Tony Hunt and Stanley C. Hunt are also carvers.

paragraph: Richard Hunt designed the medals for the Pan Pacific Swimming Championships held Aug. 17-21, 2006 at Saanich Commonwealth Place.

paragraph: Among his other projects, he repainted the totem pole at Rideau Hall, which his grandfather Mungo Martin had given to Governor General Lord Alexander in 1946.

paragraph: Section::::Honors.

paragraph: In 1991, Hunt was inducted into the Order of British Columbia. He is also a member of the Order of Canada.

paragraph: He received an honorary doctorate from the University of Victoria in 2004. He was made a member of the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hunt, Ross (2007) "The Hunt Family's Trip to West Germany to Attend the Bundesgarten Show." "Anthropology News," vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 20–21.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Macnair, Peter L., Alan L. Hoover, and Kevin Neary (1984) "The Legacy: Tradition and Innovation in Northwest Coast Indian Art." Vancouver, B.C.: Douglas & McIntyre. ,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Art Gallery of Greater Victoria, "Through My Father's Eyes: The Art of Richard Hunt, March 16, 2000 to August 27, 2000"

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richard Hunt Official site.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography of Richard Hunt, Galleria Silecchia

description: Canadian artist

wikidata_label: Richard Hunt

wikipedia_title: Richard Hunt (artist)


text:
Ancient Egyptian
Ramesses VI
Nubkhesbed
Twentieth dynasty
New Kingdom
sarcophagus
Twosret
Chancellor Bay
KV13
Valley of the Kings
Nile
Thebes
Egypt

categories: Ancient Egyptian princes,Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt,Ramesses VI

paragraph: Amenherkhepshef

paragraph: Amenherkhepshef (also Amenherkhepshef D to distinguish him from earlier people of the same name) was an Ancient Egyptian prince and a son of Ramesses VI with Queen Nubkhesbed. He lived in the mid 12th century BCE during the Twentieth dynasty of the late New Kingdom period.

paragraph: He died before his father and was buried in the reused sarcophagus of Twosret in an extension of the tomb originally planned for Chancellor Bay, KV13. The tomb is located in the Valley of the Kings, on the west bank of the Nile, in Thebes, Egypt.

description: Egyptian prince

wikidata_label: Amenherkhepshef

wikipedia_title: Amenherkhepshef


text:
Soulsec
The Waterboys
Icicle Works
Guildhall School of Music
Irish music
A Rock in the Weary Land
Mike Scott
Mike Scott
Steve Wickham
Ian McNabb
rock and roll
The Damned
Soulsec biography

categories: English flautists,The Icicle Works members,English keyboardists,The Waterboys members,Living people,Year of birth missing (living people),English pianists

paragraph: Richard Naiff

paragraph: Richard Naiff is a pianist and flautist from London, England who has performed with the bands Soulsec, The Catacoustics, The Waterboys and The Icicle Works. Naiff is a classically trained musician, having joined the Guildhall School of Music at age ten. The Irish music website Cluas.com describes Naiff as "phenomenally talented".

paragraph: Naiff was invited to participate on The Waterboys' album "A Rock in the Weary Land" after the group's leader Mike Scott heard his piano work in a studio next to one where the recording sessions for "A Rock in the Weary Land" were taking place. Naiff joined the band officially in June 2000. Along with Mike Scott and Steve Wickham, Naiff makes up the core of the post-2000 Waterboys band.

paragraph: Former Waterboy Ian McNabb described Naiff as Scott's "find of the century". Not coincidentally, while keeping his membership in the Waterboys, Naiff also joined McNabb's touring band in 2004, and became a member of a revived version of McNabb's old band The Icicle Works in 2006.

paragraph: Naiff's rock and roll influences include The Damned.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Soulsec biography

description: British musician

wikidata_label: Richard Naiff

wikipedia_title: Richard Naiff


text: World War I

text: Maxim Gorky

text: Pierre Loti

text: Pádraig "An Seabhac" Ó Siochfhradha

text: seal meat

text: basking shark

text: turf

text: thatch

text: woad

text: Robin Flower

text: An Béal Bocht

text: Blasket Islands

text: List of people on stamps of Ireland

text: The Blascaod Centre in Dún Chaoin

categories: Irish memoirists,Blasket Islands,1937 deaths,20th-century Irish people,People from County Kerry,Irish diarists,1856 births,21st-century Irish people

paragraph: Tomas O'Crohan

paragraph: Section::::Writings.

paragraph: His books are considered classics of Irish-language literature containing portrayals of a unique way of life, now extinct, of great human, literary, linguistic, and anthropological interest. His writing is vivid, absorbing and delightful, full of incident and balance, fine observation and good sense, elegance and restraint.

paragraph: He began to write down his experiences in diary-letters in the years after World War I, following persistent encouragement by Brian Ó Ceallaigh from Killarney. Ó Ceallaigh overcame Ó Criomhthain's initial reluctance by showing him works by Maxim Gorky and Pierre Loti, books describing the lives of peasants and fishermen, to prove to Ó Criomhthain the interest and value of such a project. Once persuaded, Ó Criomhthain sent Ó Ceallaigh a series of daily letters for five years – a diary – which the latter forwarded to scholar and writer Pádraig "An Seabhac" Ó Siochfhradha for editing for publication. Ó Ceallaigh then convinced Ó Criomhthain to write his life story and best-known work, "An t-Oileánach".

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Ó Criomhthain had four sisters, Maura, Kate, Eileen and Nora, and a brother, Pats. His personality was well-grounded in intimate affection and respect for his parents who lived to a ripe old age. The only, minor, disharmony arose between himself and Nora who was five years his elder. She had been the family favourite until Tomás arrived "unexpectedly". Her jealousy of him created friction between them.

paragraph: He married Máire Ní Chatháin in 1878. She bore ten children but many died before reaching adulthood: One boy fell from a cliff while hunting for a fledgling gull to keep as a pet among the chickens; others died of measles and whooping cough; their son Domhnall drowned while attempting to save a woman from the sea; others were taken by other misfortunes. Máire herself died while still relatively young. Their son Seán also wrote a book, "Lá dar Saol" (A Day in Our Life), describing the emigration of the remaining islanders to the mainland and America when the Great Blasket was finally abandoned in the 1940s and 1950s.

paragraph: Section::::Education.

paragraph: Ó Criomhthain received an intermittent education between the ages of 10 and 18 whenever a schoolteacher from the mainland lived for a while on the island. The teachers were usually young women who returned to the mainland on receiving proposals of marriage. He had a long childhood of enviable liberty from drudgery without the constant confinements of the classroom or a grinding programme of chores from which he was spared by having five older siblings.

paragraph: Section::::Life and experiences.

paragraph: As a fisherman, Ó Criomhthain caught a wide variety of seafood, including scad, pilchard, mackerel, cod, herring, halibut, pollock,

paragraph: bream, dogfish, ling, rockfish, wrasse, conger eel, porpoises ("sea pig" and "sea bonham" – the meat being described as "pork"), seals, crab, lobster, crayfish, limpets, winkles and mussels, as well as seaweeds such as dulse, sea lettuce, sea belt, and murlins. Many on the island relished seal meat much more than pork. One night Ó Criomhthain and colleagues caught a "huge creature" in their nets with great danger and difficulty. Perhaps it was a whale or basking shark. Oil from the liver of this unidentified "great beast" fuelled all the lamps on the island for five years (there were about 150 people in fewer than 30 households).

paragraph: Ó Criomhthain harvested turf for home fuel from the top of the island, and the sods were carried home by an ass. When he set to work cutting turf, he was often interrupted by the island poet who distracted him by teaching him his lengthy songs. There is much comedy in Ó Criomhthain's silent exasperation at the hours wasted, yet he never snubbed the poet for fear a damaging satire would be composed against him.

paragraph: In addition to fish and other "sea fruit" Ó Criomhthain's diet included potatoes, milk, lumps of butter, porridge, bread, rabbits, sea birds, eggs, and mutton. The few acres of arable land on the island were fertilised with dung and seaweed, supplemented by chimney-soot and mussel shells. The limited crops sown included potatoes and a few other vegetables, along with oats and rye. The island was alive with rabbits which were easily caught in great numbers and the hunting was sometimes assisted by dogs or a ferret. Birds hunted for their meat and eggs included gulls, puffins, gannets, petrels, shearwaters, razorbills and guillemots.

paragraph: The roof of his home was made of a thatch of rushes or reeds and his sisters would climb up to collect eggs from under the hens nesting on top. One amusing episode in "An t-Oileánach" describes a neighbour's family at supper when, to their bewilderment and consternation, young chickens began raining, one by one, onto the table and splashing into a mug of milk. "For God's sake," cried the woman of the house, "where are they coming from?" One of the children spied a hole scratched in the roof by a mother hen.

paragraph: Ó Criomhthain lived in a cottage or stone cabin with a hearth at the kitchen end and sleeping quarters at the other. A feature of island life much remarked upon by mainland readers of his books was the keeping of animals in kitchens at night, including cows, asses, sheep, dogs, cats and hens.

paragraph: He was a keen collector of old tales and described a conversation between his father and a neighbour at the hearth one night. Once when at sea his father, the neighbour and other fishermen saw a steamship sail by. They had never seen one before, and naturally assumed it was on fire. They rowed after it to render assistance, but failed to catch it.

paragraph: The islanders' sometimes meagre existence was often supplemented by gifts from the sea when shipwrecks occurred. One such incident materialized when Ó Criomhthain was out fishing for lobsters with his brother, Pats. He describes the encounter, writing:

paragraph: In that one shipwreck, Ó Criomhthain and his brother made about a dozen pounds, which was a substantial sum of money in their world. In addition to timber, copper and brass were salvaged, as well as cargoes of food such as meal and wheat, which helped them to survive lean years. At one time tea was unknown on the island, and when a cargo of the stuff floated ashore from a wreck it was used by one woman to dye her flannel petticoats (normally dyed with woad). She also used it to feed pigs. A neighbour was incensed that her husband didn't bother to salvage a chest of this useful stuff for her; she too had petticoats waiting to be dyed and hungry pigs to feed. She scolded her husband so severely that he quit the island without a word, never to be seen again. Later, another application for tea leaves was discovered and it became a popular drink for the human population.

paragraph: Ó Criomhthain ended "An t-Oileánach" with a statement whose final clause is well known and often quoted in Ireland:

paragraph: —"An t-Oileánach", final chapter

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Allagar na hInise",

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Allagar 11", Coiscéim 1999 Edited by Pádraig Ua Maoileoin

paragraph: BULLET::::- "An tOileánach", Cló Talbóid 2002,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Translations

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Island Cross-Talk: Pages from a Diary", translated by Tim Enright; Oxford University Press, 1987;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Islandman", translated by Robin Flower; Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1951;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Islander", translated by Garry Bannister and David Sowby; Gill & MacMillan, 2013;

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ó Criomhthain's "Ricorso" database entry

paragraph: BULLET::::- An Béal Bocht

paragraph: BULLET::::- Blasket Islands

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of people on stamps of Ireland

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Blascaod Centre in Dún Chaoin

alias:
Tomás Ó Criomhthain
Thomas O'Crohan
Tomas O Criomhthain

description: Irish writer

wikidata_label: Tomas O'Crohan

wikipedia_title: Tomas O'Crohan


text:
Major League Baseball
Atlanta Braves
Kansas City Royals

categories: 1955 births,Major League Baseball catchers,Atlanta Braves players,Baseball players from Ohio,2018 deaths,Kansas City Royals players,Sportspeople from Cleveland

paragraph: Larry Owen

paragraph: Lawrence Thomas Owen (May 31, 1955 – June 6, 2018) was a Major League Baseball catcher. He played all or part of six seasons in the majors, between 1981 and 1988, for the Atlanta Braves and Kansas City Royals.

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Larry Owen

wikipedia_title: Larry Owen


text: Czechoslovak

text: Prague Spring

text: Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia

text: Moscow Protocol

text: Ivano-Frankivsk

text: Austria-Hungary

text: Ukraine

text: Jew

text: Galicia

text: Charles University

text: Prague

text: Lviv University

text: Jewish quota

text: Great Depression

text: Communist Party of Czechoslovakia

text: social

text: national justice

text: poor

text: Jewish Question

text: doctor of medicine

text: International Brigades

text: General Franco

text: Spanish Civil War

text: Major

text: Pyrenees

text: France

text: Saint-Cyprien

text: Camp Gurs

text: occupied by Nazi Germany

text: Norwegian Red Cross

text: China

text: Second Sino-Japanese War

text: Egon Erwin Kisch

text: Walawbum

text: India

text: Burma

text: Allies

text: Lidové milice

text: Tatra

text: Vinohrady

text: Cuba

text: Fidel Castro

text: Cuban Missile Crisis

text: National Assembly

text: neo-Stalinist

text: Alexander Dubček

text: Thomayer

text: National Front

text: Prague Spring

text: Soviet

text: Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia

text: KGB

text: StB

text: Alexander Dubček

text: Oldřich Černík

text: Josef Smrkovský

text: Josef Špaček

text: Bohumil Šimon

text: anti-semitic

text: Charter 77

text: Stockholm

text: city council

text: Prague 2

text: honorary citizenship

categories: 20th-century Czech people,Czechoslovak people of the Spanish Civil War,Charter 77 signatories,1979 deaths,1908 births,Czech people of Polish-Jewish descent,International Brigades personnel,Jews from Galicia (Eastern Europe),People from Ivano-Frankivsk,Czechoslovak democracy activists,Czech military doctors,Prague Spring,Czech Jews,Communist Party of Czechoslovakia politicians,Czechoslovak people of Polish descent

paragraph: František Kriegel

paragraph: František Kriegel (10 April 1908 — 3 December 1979) was a Czechoslovak politician, physician, and a member of the Communist Party reform wing of Prague Spring (1968). He was the only one of the political leaders who, during the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia, declined to sign the Moscow Protocol.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: František Kriegel was born in Stanisławów (today Ivano-Frankivsk), Austria-Hungary (present Ukraine) to the family of a Jewish builder. His father died when František was ten, and the family became dependent upon help from František's grandfather. Due to the fierce anti-semitism in Galicia of that time, young Kriegel left home to study medicine at German part of Charles University in Prague (instead of the nearby Lviv University where there was an unofficial Jewish quota in place). His mother could only give him a little money and six white shirts.

paragraph: Section::::Prague.

paragraph: Kriegel had to earn a living in a shoemaker's shop or as a theatre figurant (he even sold sausages in football stadiums), but he enjoyed an independent life in the highly tolerant society of 1920s Czechoslovakia. During the Great Depression, he joined the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ) and believed that social and national justice would solve the problem of the poor and the Jewish Question. He became a doctor of medicine in 1934 and started his career in the I. Internal Medicine Clinic in Prague.

paragraph: Section::::Spain and the Far East.

paragraph: In December 1936, Kriegel joined the International Brigades to fight against Spanish nationalists of General Franco in the Spanish Civil War. He served as a doctor and gained the rank of Major. After the defeat of Republicans in 1939, Kriegel crossed the Pyrenees to France where he was interned in Saint-Cyprien and then in Camp Gurs. A return to Czechoslovakia was impossible because it had been occupied by Nazi Germany. Kriegel accepted an assignment from the Norwegian Red Cross to go as a doctor to China to help in the Second Sino-Japanese War. He joined a group of 20 doctors, among them Friedrich Kisch (1894–1968), brother to Egon Erwin Kisch. During the siege of Walawbum, he treated nearly 50 injured soldiers. Toward the end of the war, he served with Chinese and American units in India and Burma where he witnessed the victory of the Allies in October 1945.

paragraph: Section::::Back in Czechoslovakia.

paragraph: Kriegel returned to Czechoslovakia in November 1945 and, while continuing to work as a doctor, he involved himself in the political work of the Communist Party. He was a member of the KSČ Regional Committee in Prague and was working as a secretary in Lidové milice (People's Militias) when the KSČ seized control of the country in February 1948. He was appointed as the undersecretary of the Ministry of Health in 1949. During the political purges of the Party in the 1950s, Kriegel had to leave the Ministry and worked as a doctor for the Tatra company. He resumed his medical career in 1957 and became Chief Physician at the Vinohrady hospital in Prague. In 1960, he went to Cuba as an adviser of the Fidel Castro's government on the organisation of medical care – thus he was there at the time of the Cuban Missile Crisis. When he returned to Czechoslovakia, Kriegel refused a post in the Party organisation but stood as the Member of the National Assembly and was elected in 1964. Finally, he became a member of the Central Committee of KSČ in 1966, though he was opposed to the conservative neo-Stalinist stream in the Party. When Alexander Dubček was elected the First Secretary of the Central Committee of KSČ in January 1968, Kriegel was one of the main proponents of the democratic wing of the Party. Throughout this period, he did not give up his medical career; he worked as the Chief Physician first at the Rheumatic Diseases Research Institute (1963–65) and then at Thomayer hospital in Prague (1965–69).

paragraph: Section::::Prague Spring.

paragraph: In April 1968, Kriegel became the chairman of the Central Committee of the National Front (a coalition of the Communist Party and its allied satellite parties) and a member of Presidium of the Central Committee of KSČ. As one of the main personalities during the Prague Spring, he grew to be hated by Soviet officials as well as the conservative Czech Communists. During the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia on August 21, 1968, he and five other main representatives of the Party were arrested by the Soviet KGB and Czech StB (Šalgovič) units and deported by plane to Moscow (the others were Alexander Dubček, Oldřich Černík, Josef Smrkovský, Josef Špaček, and Bohumil Šimon). Kriegel was treated particularly roughly, and made the target of anti-semitic insults. He was so distrusted by the Soviets that he was not allowed to be present during the negotiations of the two parties, and when he was asked to sign the text of the concluding statement he was the only one of 26 politicians to refuse. "Send me to Siberia or shoot me dead," he replied. He was eventually released with the others and accordingly, he voted against the Temporary Sojourn of the Soviet Army Treaty in October 1968 (with three other MPs). He was removed from the Central Committee and then expelled from the Party in 1969.

paragraph: In the last decade of his life, Kriegel worked for the opposition. He was among the first to sign Charter 77. He died in hospital in Prague under police control in 1979, and his body was seized by the authorities to prevent any demonstrations at a funeral.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: The "František Kriegel Award" is granted annually to a person who has fought for human rights. It was founded in Stockholm in 1987 and is funded by the Charter 77 Fund. In August 2014 the city council of Prague 2 municipality refused to grant him an honorary citizenship.

description: Czech politician and doctor

wikidata_label: František Kriegel

wikipedia_title: František Kriegel


text: Boldon

text: Tokomaru, New Zealand

text: French

text: motorboat racer

text: Harmsworth Trophy

text: 1908 Summer Olympics

text: London

text: New Zealand

text: Gerald Thubron

text: Colin Thubron

categories: 1861 births,Olympic gold medalists for France,Motorboat racers at the 1908 Summer Olympics,1927 deaths,French motorboat racers,Olympic motorboat racers of France

paragraph: Ernest Blakelock Thubron

paragraph: Ernest Blakelock Thubron, also known as Émile Thubron (Boldon near Durham 15 July 1861 - 22 May 1927 Tokomaru, New Zealand) was an Anglo-French motorboat racer and Olympic champion.

paragraph: He won the second running of the Harmsworth Trophy for motor powered boats in 1904 in "Trefle-à-quatre". In 1898 Ernest Blakelock Thubron was managing Owner of the Boulac Engine Works, Cairo and in 1906 he was still working as a boat constructor in Egypt.

paragraph: He competed with his boat "Camille" in "Class A" (the open class) at the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, where he won the gold medal. He finished the forty nautical miles in 2:26:53, and "Camille" was the only boat to finish that race.

paragraph: He retired to New Zealand. His son was Brigadier Gerald Thubron, OBE and his grandson Colin Thubron the writer.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Emile Thubron's profile at Sports Reference.com

description: French motorboat racer

wikidata_label: Emile Thubron

wikipedia_title: Ernest Blakelock Thubron