text: London

text: free improvisation

text: Robert Fripp

text: Derek Bailey

text: Sonny Sharrock

text: John Stevens

text: Musics

text: Emanem

text: Brian Godding

text: Fred Frith

text: Ron Geesin

text: Hans Reichel

text: Keith Rowe

text: John Butcher

text: Roger Turner

text: Phil Minton

text: Evan Parker

text: Sonic Youth

text: Thurston Moore

text: Masayuki Takayanagi

text: Elliott Sharp

text: Acta Records

text: Vortex Jazz Club

text: Richard Barrett

text: Lol Coxhill

text: Louis Moholo

text: Phil Minton

text: Veryan Weston

text: Tim Hodgkinson

text: Maggie Nicols

text: Tania Chen

text: Sabu Toyozumi

text: Steve Beresford

text: Gino Robair

text: John Coxon

text: Alexander Hawkins

text: Caroline Kraabel

text: Cleveland Watkiss

text: Lawrence Casserley

text: Trevor Watts

text: Max Eastley

text: Company Week

text: Sound and Music

text: Hugh Davies

text: Jon Rose

text: Incus

text: Toshinori Kondo

text: Moers Music

text: Maarten Altena

text: Paul Lovens

text: FMP

text: Thomas Lehn

text: Tzadik Records

text: Natalie Sandtorv

text: John Russell

text: Artist's website

text: Acta Records catalogue

text: Acta Records (Impetus site)

text: mopomoso.com

text: Mopomoso concert footage on Youtube

text: "Somewhere There's Music"

text: "An Interview with John Russell"

categories: People from Kent,Free jazz guitarists,Avant-garde jazz guitarists,British experimental musicians,Free improvisation,1954 births,Living people,Free jazz musicians

paragraph: John Russell (musician)

paragraph: John Russell (born 1954 in London) is an acoustic guitarist who has worked exclusively in the field of free improvisation since the 1970s. He has been active consistently during that time as a promoter of concerts of freely improvised music in London, providing hundreds of playing opportunities for both local and international musicians. Russell has appeared on more than 50 published recordings. He has been described as "…an acoustic guitar loyalist who always manages to combine a classical delicacy with the fire of rock".

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: John Russell was raised by his paternal grandparents in rural Kent, and his grandfather gave him his first guitar at the age of 11. At school, he taught himself guitar and formed a group to perform his compositions. He discovered free improvisation after King Crimson guitarist Robert Fripp suggested that Derek Bailey and Sonny Sharrock were the two musicians doing the most to push the boundaries of the instrument. On moving to London at the age of 17, he quickly became involved with the free improvisation scene, playing at The Little Theatre Club (run by drummer and educator John Stevens), becoming a member of the Musicians' Co-op and starting to organise concerts. In 1975, he helped co-found the journal "Musics". Russell took weekly lessons in conventional technique from Derek Bailey for about a year, then in 1977 he gave up the electric guitar to play the acoustic guitar exclusively.

paragraph: Section::::Music.

paragraph: While his mature guitar technique inevitably overlaps with that of Derek Bailey, there are important differences. In a review of "Analekta" (Emanem, 2006) Nate Dorward writes: "Russell's debt to the instrumental vocabulary of Derek Bailey is clear throughout, especially in his attraction to wide intervals, his resolutely segmented, percussive attack, and his systematic variation of timbre and means of production (open string, fretted, harmonic, behind-the-bridge pling); it's in subtler matters of pacing and mood that his individuality comes through. He tends to dwell pensively, almost circularly, on chords or motivic cells that Bailey would have brusquely disposed of, and has a very different approach to group playing, preferring to merge into the larger ensemble sound (whatever the size of the group), and play with rather than against or aslant his musical partners.”

paragraph: In 1983, he appeared in the Channel 4 TV documentary "Jazz on Four: Crossing Bridges" which looked at six innovators of jazz and improvised guitar. The other players were Brian Godding, Fred Frith, Ron Geesin, Hans Reichel and Keith Rowe.

paragraph: Apart from solo playing, Russell can be seen playing in numerous one-off performances with musicians at his monthly Mopomoso club in London. He tours regularly, has a long-running trio with saxophonist John Butcher and violinist Phil Durrant and duos with Roger Turner, Stefan Keune, Phil Minton, Evan Parker and Luc Houtkamp. In 1981, he founded Quaqua, an ensemble that varies in size and draws from a large pool of improvisers. In 2009 he formed House Full of Floors with Evan Parker and John Edwards.

paragraph: In the last few years Russell has ended his exclusive association with acoustic guitar by playing electric guitar in several live performances including as part of Evan Parker's Electro-Acoustic ensemble and in a duo with Sonic Youth's Thurston Moore. In December 2014 Russell played in a concert with Evan Parker, Thurston Moore and others to celebrate his 60th birthday despite being under hospital supervision for a serious heart condition. After a quadruple heart bypass operation in March 2015 he was reported to be "well on the road to recovery".

paragraph: His feature on the late Japanese improvising guitarist, Masayuki Takayanagi was broadcast on BBC Radio 3's "Jazz on 3" on 22 February 2010.

paragraph: Other notable improvising acoustic guitar recordings include "Green Wood" (Emanem, 2002) by Roger Smith and "Velocity of Hue" by Elliott Sharp (Emanem, 2003).

paragraph: Section::::Acta records.

paragraph: In 1988 Russell helped establish Acta Records in association with John Butcher and Phil Durrant in order to release the trio's debut recording "Conceits". The label went on to produce a number of vinyl LPs, CDs and cassettes with a focus on free improvisation.

paragraph: Section::::Mopomoso.

paragraph: In the mid-1980s Russell founded the improvised music club Mopomoso with help initially from pianist, trumpeter and composer Chris Burn. The club promoted around 300 regular monthly concerts at the Red Rose Club in London until the venue's transfer of ownership in January 2008. The club relocated to The Vortex Jazz Club later that same year and its monthly promotions are ongoing.

paragraph: Performers at the club include established as well as younger players, local musicians and international guests. Notable players have recently included: Evan Parker, Richard Barrett, Lol Coxhill, John Butcher, Louis Moholo, Phil Minton, Veryan Weston, Roger Turner, Tim Hodgkinson, Maggie Nicols, Tania Chen, Sabu Toyozumi, Steve Beresford, Gino Robair, John Coxon, Alexander Hawkins, Caroline Kraabel, Cleveland Watkiss, Lawrence Casserley, Trevor Watts and Max Eastley.

paragraph: Mopomoso special promotions include an annual Christmas event featuring a large number of improvising musicians playing over the course of an afternoon and evening in various combinations; occasional workshops; and Fete Quaqua where a large pool of musicians is assembled to play in different groupings over the course of three evenings in a similar manner to Derek Bailey's Company Week.

paragraph: In 2013 Sound and Music took the club on a seven date tour of England.

paragraph: Section::::Selected discography.

paragraph: John Russell has performed on over 50 published recordings. Besides those listed, Russell also appears on recordings by Lol Coxhill, Terry Day, Hugh Davies, Günther Christmann, Jon Rose, Chris Burns' Ensemble and various Evan Parker projects as well as a number of CDs of recordings from the "Freedom of the City" festivals. A full discography is maintained at European Free Improvisation Pages.

paragraph: With various improvising groups

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Teatime" (1975), Incus – with Gary Todd, Dave Soloman, Nigel Coombes, and Steve Beresford

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Artless Sky" (1979), CAW – with Roger Turner and Toshinori Kondo

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vario II" (1980), Moers Music – with Maarten Altena, Günter Christmann, Paul Lovens and Maggie Nicols

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Fairly Young Bean" (1981), Emanem – with Maarten Altena and Terry Day

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wild Pathway Favourites" (1988), Ladder Rung – with Martin Archer and others

paragraph: BULLET::::- "News from the Shed" (1989), Acta – with Butcher/Durrant/Lovens/Malfatti/Russell

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ohrkiste" (1992), ITM Classics – with Radu Malfatti's Ohrkiste

paragraph: BULLET::::- "London Air Lift" (1996), FMP – with Evan Parker, John Edwards, Mark Sanders.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Three Planets" (2003), Emanem – with Ute Völker and Mathieu Werchowski.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Mercelis Concert" (2006), Inaudible – with Jean Demey and Jean-Michel Van Schouwburg.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vario-44" (2006), Edition Explico with John Butcher, Roger Turner, Thomas Lehn, Dorothea Schürch and Günter Christmann

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Analekta" (2006), Emanem – in various duos and a nine-piece Quaqua, all recorded at Mopomoso

paragraph: BULLET::::- "House Full of Floors" (2009), Tzadik Records with Evan Parker, John Edwards and Aleks Kolkowski

paragraph: BULLET::::- "With…" (2015), Emanem, 60th birthday concert with Thurston Moore, Evan Parker, etc.

paragraph: Solo recordings

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Home Cooking" (1978), Incus

paragraph: BULLET::::- "From Next to Last" (2002), Emanem

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hyste" (2009), psi

paragraph: With Butcher/Durrant/Russell

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Conceits" (1987), Acta

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Concert Moves" (1992), Random Acoustics

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Scenic Route" (1998), Emanem

paragraph: Roger Turner Duo

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Birthdays" (1996), Emanem

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Second Sky" (2001), Emanem

paragraph: Stefan Keune Duo

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Excerpts and Offerings" (2000), Acta

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Frequency of Use" (2002), Nurnichtnur

paragraph: BULLET::::- Within , trio

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015: "Pieces Of Solitude" (Va Fongool), with Natalie Sandtorv and Ståle Liavik Solberg

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Russell, "International Who's Who in Popular Music" (2002), Routledge

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Artist's website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography and Discography on European Free Improvisation Pages

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Two figures in a Vortex – Phil Minton and John Russell" a short film by Helen Petts

paragraph: BULLET::::- Acta Records catalogue

paragraph: BULLET::::- Acta Records (Impetus site)

paragraph: BULLET::::- mopomoso.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mopomoso concert footage on Youtube

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Watson, Ben (June 1997), "Close to the Edge", "The Wire" no. 160, pp. 42–43.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Johnson, Alan (Autumn, 1997), John Russell: acoustic guitarist. "Avant", no. 3, p. 25.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Russell, John (1993) "Somewhere There's Music", "Rubberneck" 15

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ferraris, Andrea (November 2008) "Chain D.L.K Presents an Interview with John Russell", "Chain D.L.K."

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grundy, David, (August 2009) "An Interview with John Russell", "Eartrip Magazine" Issue 4, pp. 26–34

description: English guitarist

wikidata_label: John Russell

wikipedia_title: John Russell (musician)


text: Norwegian

text: physician

text: economist

text: naturalist

text: botanist

text: Congo River

text: Skoger

text: Drammen

text: Norway

text: medicine

text: botany

text: University of Copenhagen

text: Martin Vahl

text: Jens Wilken Hornemann

text: Norway

text: Flora Danica

text: Joakim Frederik Schouw

text: Morten Wormskjold

text: Jotunheimen

text: Bitihorn

text: Hårteigen

text: national economy

text: botany

text: Royal Frederick University

text: Christiania (now Oslo)

text: Scotland

text: London

text: Prussia

text: Leopold von Buch

text: Canary Islands

text: Madeira

text: Pinus canariensis

text: Royal Society of London

text: James Hingston Tuckey

text: Congo River

text: Africa

text: botanist

text: geologist

text: David Lockhart

text: HMS Congo

text: steamboat

text: yellow fever

text: Joseph Conrad

text: Heart of Darkness

text: Martin Richard Flor

text: Sims

text: Tenerife

text: Christiana

text: Malvaceae

text: Brownlowioideae

text: Congo

text: Augustin Pyramus de Candolle

text: Grayia smythii

categories: 1785 births,University of Copenhagen alumni,1816 deaths

paragraph: Christen Smith

paragraph: Christen Smith (17 October 1785 – 22 September 1816) was an early 19th-century Norwegian physician, economist and naturalist, particularly botanist. He died, only 30 years old during a dramatic expedition to the Congo River in 1816, leaving a wealth of botanical material.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Smith was born at Skoger in Drammen, Norway. He studied medicine and botany at the University of Copenhagen under Professor Martin Vahl. Together with Jens Wilken Hornemann, he traveled through large parts of Norway and carried out botanical investigations, collecting plants to be included in the plate work "Flora Danica". Joakim Frederik Schouw and Morten Wormskjold were in the company for part of the trip. The party climbed several mountain tops in Jotunheimen, for some of which it was the first recorded ascent, e.g. Bitihorn 1811 and Hårteigen 1812.

paragraph: Section::::The Canary and Madeira expeditions.

paragraph: In 1808, Smith graduated and started to practice medicine in Norway. In 1814, he was appointed professor of national economy and botany at the newly founded Royal Frederick University in Christiania (now Oslo). However, he never took up the position as he embarked upon travels abroad to establish contacts and keep abreast of the development of botanical gardens in Europe. His first journey took him to Scotland and from there to London, where he met the Prussian geologist Leopold von Buch. Buch planned to visit the volcanic Canary Islands and Madeira, and Smith eagerly seized the opportunity to participate in an expedition with the experienced scientist. In 1815, the two embarked on the trip. They returned to Portsmouth on December 8, the same year, Smith bringing 600 species of plants, of which about 50 were new to science. The best known of Smith's new species is probably "Pinus canariensis", the Canary Island Pine.

paragraph: Section::::Death on the Congo.

paragraph: Having learned geology from Buch in addition to discovering new plant species, Smith was approached by the Royal Society of London and asked to participate in a scientific expedition under Captain James Hingston Tuckey to determine whether the Congo River had any connection to the Niger basins of western and central Africa. Smith was to function as the expedition's botanist and geologist. He had as assistant David Lockhart, who was to survive the journey.

paragraph: The Congo expedition began in February 1816 and went badly from the start. The original plan was to sail up the river using the expedition ship ""HMS Congo"", which had originally been constructed as a steamboat, a technology that was still in its infancy. While the ship was eventually rigged for conventional sails, the heavy construction made it sit deep in the water. The accompanying lighter vessel ""Dorothy"" was also used but was stopped by rapids 160 km inland. The expedition continued on foot up along the Congo through mosquito-infested swamps. The expedition advanced 450 kilometres up the river, but lack of food, hostile natives and ravaging tropical fevers forced the expedition to turn back without having found the sought connection. On the way downriver, Smith caught a tropical fever (probably yellow fever) and died, less than a month shy of his 31st birthday. In all, 18 of the 56 members of the expedition perished, including all the scientists and the captain, who died after returning to the ship. The ill-fated expedition was part of the inspiration for Joseph Conrad's "Heart of Darkness", written almost a century later.

paragraph: Section::::Smith's legacy.

paragraph: Before succumbing to fever, Captain Tuckey made sure that Smith's diary and plant specimens were shipped to London. His collection from the trip consisted of 620 species, of which 250 proved to be new to science but had to be published by other botanists. Several of the texts he left behind were later published by his friend Martin Richard Flor.

paragraph: Many species of plants have been named after Smith, e.g., "Aeonium smithii" Sims (1818) from Tenerife and the genus "Christiana" (Malvaceae: Brownlowioideae), discovered in Congo by Smith and described by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in his "Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis" (1824).

paragraph: Also a species of snake, "Grayia smythii", is named in honor of Christen Smith.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Observations, systematical and geographical, on the herbarium collected by Professor Christian Smith, in the vicinity of the Congo

description: Norwegian botanist

wikidata_label: Christen Smith

wikipedia_title: Christen Smith


text: Kladruby nad Labem

text: Vienna

text: Spanish Riding School

text: Vienna

text: violin

text: rider

text: horse

text: Kladruby nad Labem

text: Pardubice

text: Campaign Riding School

text: Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria

text: Wenzel Zrust

text: dressage

text: Order of Vasa

text: Alois Podhajsky

text: Dressage

text: 1936 Olympic Games

text: heart attack

categories: Austrian people of Czech descent,Dressage trainers,1942 deaths,Spanish Riding School,Austrian dressage riders,People from Pardubice District,1883 births

paragraph: Gottlieb Polak

paragraph: Gottlieb Polak (born January 13, 1883 in Kladruby nad Labem, died July 5, 1942 in Vienna) was Chief Rider and Riding Master of the Spanish Riding School in Vienna during the 1930s, serving until his death in 1942.

paragraph: Polak was a multitalented individual who played the violin as well as being an extremely talented rider, described as having a gift for working with horses that occurs only rarely throughout history.

paragraph: Polak was born in Kladruby nad Labem. He was the son of an employee ("Hofgestütsbeamter") of the Kladrub Court stud, and developed a great fondness for horses from an early age. When he was a young man, his love for horses was so great that he dropped out of the Music Academy in Prague after a year and in 1900 became a pupil at the Kladruber Stables. In 1902, he entered the Imperial "Marstall" in Vienna. After military service with the 11th Lancers in Pardubice from 1904 to 1907, he was transferred, in 1908, to the Campaign Riding School ("Hofstallungen") in Vienna, where he served Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria as one of his many duties.

paragraph: In his twenties, Polak showed extraordinary riding talent. In 1917, he was admitted to the Spanish Riding School as a student ("Reitskolar"). In 1920 he was promoted to the rank of Rider ("Bereiter"), then in 1927 to Chief Rider ("Oberbereiter") and in 1941, replacing Wenzel Zrust, to First Chief Rider ("Erster Oberbereiter"). His work was further recognized by the school with his promotion to Riding Master ("Reitmeister"). He was the first person to serve in this newly created position.

paragraph: Polak's outstanding dressage skills were honored with the award of the German Riding Badge in Gold and the Swedish Order of Vasa. His most famous student was Alois Podhajsky, who later became Director of the school. Podhajsky trained at the Riding School before he participated in Dressage at the 1936 Olympic Games in Berlin.

paragraph: On May 10, 1942, Polak was beginning a public performance on his young stallion Pluto Theodorosta, but fell from the horse, unconscious, after only a few strides, possibly due to a heart attack. He died a month later, on July 5.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Podhajsky, Alois. "Deutsche Reiterhefte", Berlin: 17 July 1942.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Podhajsky, Alois. "My Horses, My Teachers" (excerpts) Doubleday & Company, Inc., Garden City, New York. 1968

description: equestrian

wikidata_label: Gottlieb Polak

wikipedia_title: Gottlieb Polak


text:
alderman
fencer
Eva Boël
Jean Goblet d'Alviella
Eugene Goblet d'Alviella
épée
1920 Summer Olympics

categories: Olympic medalists in fencing,Counts Goblet d'Alviella,Medalists at the 1920 Summer Olympics,1884 births,Belgian male fencers,1957 deaths,Sportspeople from Brussels,Olympic fencers of Belgium,Belgian épée fencers,Fencers at the 1924 Summer Olympics,Olympic silver medalists for Belgium,Fencers at the 1920 Summer Olympics

paragraph: Félix Goblet d'Alviella

paragraph: Félix, Count Goblet d'Alviella (26 May 1884 – 7 February 1957) was a Belgian lawyer, director of the "Revue de Belgique", alderman and Olympic fencer. He was married to Eva Boël (1883–1956), and was the father of Jean Goblet d'Alviella. He was a son of Eugene Goblet d'Alviella.

paragraph: He won a silver medal in the team épée competition at the 1920 Summer Olympics.

paragraph: Section::::Notes.

paragraph: BULLET::::- D’Hoore, M., Archives de particuliers relatives à l’histoire de la Belgique contemporaine (de 1830 à nos jours), Bruxelles, AGR, 1998, 2 vol., p. 381.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Le Livre Bleu. Recueil biographique, Brussel, Maison Ferd. Larcier, 1950, p. 245.

description: fencer, lawyer, politician

wikidata_label: Félix Goblet d'Alviella

wikipedia_title: Félix Goblet d'Alviella


text:
Court-Saint-Étienne
June Corfield
Richard Goblet d'Alviella
Christine Goblet d'Alviella
Patrick Goblet d'Alviella
Michael Goblet d'Alviella
Félix Goblet d'Alviella

categories: Counts Goblet d'Alviella,Belgian scientists,1990 deaths,1921 births,Mayors of places in Belgium,People from Court-Saint-Étienne

paragraph: Jean Goblet d'Alviella

paragraph: Jean, Count Goblet d'Alviella (3 June 1921 - 28 December 1990), was the mayor of Court-Saint-Étienne. He was married with June Corfield. Together they have four children: Richard Goblet d'Alviella, Christine Goblet d'Alviella, Patrick Goblet d'Alviella, and Michael Goblet d'Alviella. He is a son of Félix Goblet d'Alviella.

description: major of Court-Saint-Etienne

wikidata_label: Jean Goblet d'Alviella

wikipedia_title: Jean Goblet d'Alviella


text:
Fengtien warlord clique
Jinzhou
Liaoning
Zhang Zuolin
Fengtian
Jilin
Japanese invasion of Manchuria
Jinzhou
Battle of Rehe
Zhang Xueliang
Xi'an Incident
Chinese Civil War
People's Liberation Army
Tianjin
Rana Mitter

wikipedia_title:
Fengtian clique
Jinzhou
Liaoning
Zhang Zuolin
Liaoning
Jilin
Japanese invasion of Manchuria
Jinzhou
Battle of Rehe
Zhang Xueliang
Xi'an Incident
Chinese Civil War
People's Liberation Army
Tianjin
Rana Mitter

paragraph: Zhang Zuoxiang

paragraph: Zhang Zuoxiang,(张作相) (1881 – 7 May, 1949) was an important member of the Fengtien warlord clique.

paragraph: Zhang Zuoxiang was born in 1881 in Jinzhou, western Fengtian (now Liaoning), China. A loyal follower of Zhang Zuolin, he was the commander of the 27th Regiment, 27th Division, of the Fengtian Defence Force from 1911-16 as Zhang Zuolin took control of Fengtian. He rose up through the ranks of the new Fengtian Army as commander of a brigade (1916–19), acting commanerd of 27th Division (1919, 1920) and Fengtian garrison commander (1919). From 1920-22 he was staff officer for the Military Governor of Fengtian, Zhang Zuolin himself.

paragraph: He soon was given significant commands of the Eastern Route Army in 1922 and the 3rd Detachment, Zhenwei Army from 1922-24.

paragraph: In April 1924 he was rewarded with the military governorship of Jilin province, which he retained until December 1928. He also held the civil governorship of the province in the same time, except for the time between December 1924 and June 1927.

paragraph: Zhang rose higher in command as General of the 4th Army, Zhenwei Army from 1924-25 and of the Northeastern Provinces Railway Route Army from 1925-26. By 1928 he was Deputy General Commander of the Northeastern Border Defence Command. He became the Chairman of the Jilin Provincial Government and oversaw the reorganization of the Jilin provincial Army.

paragraph: In 1931, following the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, he was forced to retreat to Jinzhou, where he became commanding general of the remnants of the Fengtian forces of the Northeastern Border Defence Command. After their defeat he became a member of the Peking Branch, National Military Council, in 1933. He was commander of the Chinese 6th Army Group (2nd Northern China Army Group) during the Battle of Rehe. Following that defeat he resigned. In 1936 he was again appointed a member of the National Military Council and of the Political Board, Northeastern Field Headquarters, but was soon removed due to his links to Zhang Xueliang following the Xi'an Incident.

paragraph: During the Chinese Civil War in 1947 he was recalled and made a member of the Government Affairs Board, Northeastern Field Headquarters, becoming its Deputy Head in 1948. That same year he became Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Northeastern Bandit Suppression Headquarters, but was captured by the People's Liberation Army. He died the next year on May 7 in Tianjin.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rulers: Chinese Administrative divisions, Jilin

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Generals of WWII; Generals from China; Zhang Zuoxiang

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arthur Waldron, From War to Nationalism, Cambridge University Press, 1995.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rana Mitter, THE MANCHURIAN MYTH: NATIONALISM, RESISTANCE, AND COLLABORATION IN MODERN CHINA, University of California Press, Berkeley, 2000

description: Chinese warlord

wikidata_label: Zhang Zuoxiang

wikipedia_title: Zhang Zuoxiang


text: American

text: architect

text: National Register of Historic Places

text: Oakland City Hall

text: University Club

text: Brooklyn

text: New York

text: Columbia University

text: Ecole des Beaux Arts

text: Paris, France

text: Pittsburgh

text: Pennsylvania

text: Carnegie Mellon University

text: boomtown

text: Andrew Carnegie

text: Carnegie Mellon University

text: Carnegie Mellon School of Architecture

text: Emory University

text: Atlanta

text: Rodef Shalom Temple

text: The Harding Memorial

text: Warren Harding

text: Pittsburgh City-County Building

text: St. Anthony Hall

text: Queensboro Bridge

text: Hell Gate Bridge

text: Gustav Lindenthal

wikipedia_title: University Club (University of Pittsburgh)

categories: Beaux Arts architects,American architects,Carnegie Mellon University faculty,American people of Austrian descent,Columbia University alumni,American people of German descent,Architects from Pittsburgh,Henry Hornbostel buildings,1867 births,1961 deaths

paragraph: Henry Hornbostel

paragraph: Henry Hornbostel (August 15, 1867 – December 13, 1961) was an American architect and educator. Hornbostel designed more than 225 buildings, bridges, and monuments in the United States. Twenty-two of his designs are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, including the Oakland City Hall in Oakland, California and the Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Hall and Museum and University Club in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

paragraph: Section::::About.

paragraph: Born in Brooklyn, New York. He graduated in 1891 from Columbia University and also studied at the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris, France. He was a partner, over his career, in the New York firms of Howell, Stokes & Hornbostel; Wood, Palmer & Hornbostel; Palmer & Hornbostel; and Palmer, Hornbostel & Jones. He also practiced independently from a Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania office.

paragraph: He began working in 1904 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania after he won a contest to design a campus building for what is now called Carnegie Mellon University. He was active in the Pittsburgh area, and influenced many buildings there in the early 20th century.

paragraph: Section::::Buildings.

paragraph: Nearly half of his works (110) were in Pittsburgh, an industrial boomtown in the early twentieth century, where in 1904 he won the campus design competition for Andrew Carnegie's Carnegie Technical Schools (today's Carnegie Mellon University). He also helped to establish Carnegie Mellon School of Architecture that same year. He also designed many of the original buildings of Emory University in Atlanta.

paragraph: Among his many landmarks are:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rodef Shalom Temple, Pittsburgh (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Soldiers and Sailors National Military Museum and Memorial, Pittsburgh (1907)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Harding Memorial, the tomb of President Warren Harding

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pittsburgh City-County Building, (1915–1917, with Edward B. Lee)

paragraph: BULLET::::- At his Alma Mater, St. Anthony Hall Fraternity, New York (Building #96000484 listed as "Delta Psi, Alpha Chapter" .

paragraph: Hornbostel is also noted for his work on the Queensboro Bridge (1909), and the Hell Gate Bridge (1916) done jointly with Gustav Lindenthal.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry Hornbostel Collection, Carnegie Mellon University Architecture Archives

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry Hornbostel archival card catalog. Held by the Department of Drawings & Archives, Avery Architectural & Fine Arts Library, Columbia University.

description: American architect

wikidata_label: Henry Hornbostel

wikipedia_title: Henry Hornbostel


text:
Foggia
Frankfurt-am-Main
House of Hohenstaufen
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
Isabella of England
Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor
Constance of Sicily
John of England
Isabella of Angoulême
Albert "the Degenerate"
Henry III "the Illustrious"
Margrave of Meissen
Pleissnerland
Altenburg
Zwickau
Chemnitz
Leisnig
Eckartsberga
Wartburg
Frederick
Margaret of Anjou
Anne of Cleves
Conradin
Queen of Sicily
Duchy of Swabia
Kingdom of Jerusalem
Kunigunde of Eisenberg
Frankfurt-am-Main
Henry
Pleissnerland
Frederick
Theodoric
Agnes of Meissen
Henry I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen

categories: Women of medieval Italy,Hohenstaufen,Landgravines of Thuringia,1270 deaths,Women of medieval Germany,1237 births

paragraph: Margaret of Sicily

paragraph: Margaret of Sicily (also called Margaret of Hohenstaufen or Margaret of Germany) (1 December 1241, in Foggia – 8 August 1270, in Frankfurt-am-Main) was a Princess of Sicily and Germany, and a member of the House of Hohenstaufen. By marriage she was Landgravine of Thuringia and Countess Palatine of Saxony (German: "Landgräfin von Thüringen und Pfalzgräfin von Sachsen").

paragraph: She was the daughter of Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Sicily and Germany, by his third wife, Isabella of England. Her paternal grandparents were Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor and Constance of Sicily. Her maternal grandparents were John of England and Isabella of Angoulême.

paragraph: Section::::Birth.

paragraph: The date of her birth is difficult to ascertain because there is controversy over the exact number of children borne by her mother. Some sources say that she was the first or second child, born by the end of 1237; others say that she was the last child, born in December 1241, when Isabella died in childbirth. Historians commonly accept the latter date.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Shortly after her birth (1242), Margaret was betrothed to Albert "the Degenerate", eldest son and heir of Henry III "the Illustrious", Margrave of Meissen. The marriage took place in June 1255, the bride receiving Pleissnerland (the towns of Altenburg, Zwickau, Chemnitz and Leisnig) as her dowry.

paragraph: The couple settled at his residence in Eckartsberga and later moved to Wartburg, where she bore five children: three sons (Henry, Frederick and Dietzmann) and two daughters (Margaret and Agnes). Through her second son Frederick – later Margrave of Meissen – Margaret was the direct ancestor of the Electors and Kings of Saxony and English Queen consorts Margaret of Anjou and Anne of Cleves.

paragraph: In 1265 her husband received the titles of Landgrave of Thuringia and Count Palatine of Saxony () after the abdication of his father, who retained control of Meissen.

paragraph: After the execution of her nephew Conradin (29 October 1268), Margaret, as the next legitimate relative, became the rightful Queen of Sicily and the general heiress of the Hohenstaufen claims over the Duchy of Swabia and the Kingdom of Jerusalem (despite the fact she was not descended from the Kings of Jerusalem, her father Frederick II had claimed the kingdom for himself). Her son Frederick assumed by some time this titles on her right.

paragraph: After discovering the adultery of her husband with Kunigunde of Eisenberg, Margaret left Wartburg; according to a legend, before her departure she bit her son Frederick in the cheek; he was called henceforth Frederick the Bitten (de: "Friedrich der Gebissene"). The flight took place on 24 June 1270. Margaret went to Frankfurt-am-Main and was supported there by the citizens. She died there six weeks later.

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: Margaret and Albert had five children:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Henry (b. 21 March 1256 - d. 25 January/23 July? 1282), inherited the Pleissnerland in 1274.

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Frederick (b. 1257 - d. Wartburg, 16 November 1323), Margrave of Meissen.

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Theodoric, called Dietzmann (b. 1260 - murdered Leipzig, 10 December 1307), Margrave of Lusatia.

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Margaret (b. 1262 - d. young, after 17 April 1273).

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Agnes of Meissen (b. 1264 - d. September 1332), married before 21 July 1282 to Henry I, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen.

wikidata_label: Margaret of Sicily

wikipedia_title: Margaret of Sicily


text:
Oscar Wilde
literary executor
Robert Baldwin
John Ross
Siegfried Sassoon
Robert Baldwin
Toronto
Louis Hippolyte Lafontaine
John Ross
King's College, Cambridge
bullying
sexuality
pneumonia
Arthur Augustus Tilley
come out
Lord Alfred Douglas
Marquess of Queensberry
criminal libel
Sir Edward Clarke
Charles Willie Mathews
Travers Humphreys
Wilde vs Queensbury
literary executor
rights
bankrupt
black market
erotic
Christopher Sclater Millard
money earned
Salome
Jacob Epstein
Lord Alfred Douglas
More Adey
William Rothenstein
Aubrey Beardsley
William Blake
John Singer Sargent
The Morning Post
First World War
Siegfried Sassoon
Wilfred Owen
Vyvyan Holland
Cyril Holland
Spring Offensive
Noel Pemberton Billing
Maud Allan
Melbourne
National Gallery of Victoria
Père Lachaise Cemetery
Salome
post-impressionist
University of Bradford
Florence Earle Coates
Pat Barker
The Eye in the Door
Timothy Findley
The Wars
Pilgrim
Dennis Price
Oscar Wilde
Emrys Jones
The Trials of Oscar Wilde
Michael Sheen
Wilde
Edwin Thomas
The Happy Prince
David Hare
The Judas Kiss
Dave Sim
graphic novel
Melmoth
Cerebus
primary source
Jonathan Fryer
Diana Ross

categories: British people of Canadian descent,LGBT writers from Canada,Gay writers,English male dramatists and playwrights,Alumni of King's College, Cambridge,British male journalists,Oscar Wilde,LGBT writers from England,Victorian pederasty,LGBT Roman Catholics,Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery,1918 deaths,1869 births,Canadian journalists,British Roman Catholic writers,LGBT journalists from Canada,LGBT journalists from the United Kingdom

paragraph: Robbie Ross

paragraph: Robert Baldwin Ross (25 May 18695 October 1918) was a Canadian journalist, art critic and art dealer, best known for his relationship with Oscar Wilde, to whom he was a devoted friend, lover and literary executor. A grandson of the Canadian reform leader Robert Baldwin, and son of John Ross and Augusta Elizabeth Baldwin, Ross was a pivotal figure on the London literary and artistic scene from the mid-1890s to his early death, and mentored several literary figures, including Siegfried Sassoon. His open homosexuality, in a period when male homosexual acts were illegal, brought him many hardships.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Family.

paragraph: Ross was born in Tours, France. His mother, Elizabeth Baldwin, was the eldest daughter of Robert Baldwin, a Toronto lawyer and politician who in the 1840s, together with his political partner Louis Hippolyte Lafontaine, led Canada to autonomy from Britain. Ross's father, John Ross, was a Baldwinite and a Toronto lawyer who had a very successful political career, serving as Solicitor General for Upper Canada, Attorney General, Speaker of the Legislative Council, President of the Legislative Council, director, and, for a time, President, of the Grand Trunk Railway, and Canadian Senator. He became Speaker of the Senate in 1869.

paragraph: Ross was the youngest of five children, with two sisters, Mary and Maria, and two brothers, John and Alexander. The family moved to Tours, France, in 1866 while Elizabeth was pregnant with Maria, who was born in 1867, the year of Canadian Confederation. John fulfilled his duties as Senator largely in absentia until he was chosen as Speaker of the Senate in 1869, the year of Robbie's birth, making his return to Canada unavoidable. The rest of the family followed in 1870. John died in January 1871 and Elizabeth moved the family to London, England, the following April.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:At Cambridge.

paragraph: In 1888 Ross was accepted at King's College, Cambridge, where he became a victim of bullying, probably because of his sexuality, which he made no secret of, and perhaps also his outspoken journalism in the university paper. Ross caught pneumonia after a dunking in a fountain by a number of students who had, according to Ross, the full support of a professor, Arthur Augustus Tilley. After recovering, he fought for an apology from his fellow students, which he received, but he also sought the dismissal of Tilley. The college refused to punish Tilley (though he resigned as Junior Tutor) and Ross dropped out. Soon after that, he chose to "come out" to his family.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Oscar Wilde.

paragraph: Ross found work as a journalist and critic, but he did not escape scandal. He is believed to have become Oscar Wilde's first male lover in 1886, even before he went to Cambridge. In 1893, a few years before Wilde's imprisonment, Ross had a sexual relationship with a boy of sixteen, the son of friends. The boy confessed to his parents that he had engaged in sexual activity with Ross and also admitted to a sexual encounter with Lord Alfred Douglas while he was a guest at Ross's house. After a good deal of panic and frantic meetings with solicitors, the parents were persuaded not to go to the police, since at that time their son might be seen as equally guilty and face the possibility of going to prison.

paragraph: On 1 March 1895 Wilde, Douglas, and Ross approached a solicitor, Charles Octavius Humphreys, with the intention of suing the Marquess of Queensberry, Douglas’ father, for criminal libel. Humphreys asked Wilde directly whether there was any truth to Queensberry’s allegations of homosexual activity between Wilde and Douglas, to which Wilde replied “No.” Humphreys applied for a warrant for Queensberry’s arrest, and approached Sir Edward Clarke and Charles Willie Mathews to represent Wilde. His son, Travers Humphreys, appeared as junior counsel for the prosecution in the subsequent case of Wilde vs Queensbury.

paragraph: Following Wilde’s imprisonment in 1895 Ross went abroad, but he returned to offer both financial and emotional support to Wilde during his last years. Ross remained loyal to Wilde and was with him when he died on 30 November 1900.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:After Oscar Wilde.

paragraph: Ross became Wilde's literary executor, which meant that he had to track down and purchase the rights to all of Wilde's texts, which had been sold off along with Wilde's possessions when Wilde was declared bankrupt. It also meant fighting the rampant trade in black market copies of his books and, in particular, books, usually erotic, that Wilde did not write, but which were published illegally under his name. Ross was assisted in this task by Christopher Sclater Millard, who compiled a definitive bibliography of Wilde's writings. Ross gave Wilde's sons the rights to all their father's works along with the money earned from their publication or performance while he was executor. In 1905 he attended the first performances in England of Wilde's "Salome" at the Bijou Theatre. One of the actors was Frederick Stanley Smith (1885–1953) with whom Ross had a relationship.

paragraph: In 1908, some years after Wilde's death, Ross produced the definitive edition of his works. Ross was also responsible for commissioning Jacob Epstein to produce the sculpture now to be seen on Wilde's tomb. He even requested that Epstein design a small compartment for Ross's own ashes. As a result of his faithfulness to Wilde even in death Ross was vindictively pursued by Lord Alfred Douglas, who repeatedly attempted to have him arrested and tried for homosexual conduct.

paragraph: From 1901 to 1908, in personal and professional partnership with More Adey, Ross managed the Carfax Gallery, a small commercial gallery in London co-founded by John Fothergill and the artist William Rothenstein. The Carfax held exhibitions of works by such artists as Aubrey Beardsley, William Blake and John Singer Sargent. After leaving the Carfax Ross worked as an art critic for "The Morning Post".

paragraph: During the First World War Ross mentored a group of young, mostly homosexual poets and artists, including Siegfried Sassoon and Wilfred Owen. He was also a close friend of Wilde's sons Vyvyan Holland and Cyril Holland.

paragraph: In early 1918, during the German Spring Offensive, Noel Pemberton Billing, a right-wing member of Parliament, published an article entitled "The Cult of the Clitoris" in which he accused members of Ross's circle of being among 47,000 homosexuals who were betraying the nation to the Germans. Maud Allan, an actress who had played Wilde's Salome in a performance authorised by Ross, was identified as a member of the "cult". She unsuccessfully sued Billing for libel, causing a national sensation in Britain. The incident brought embarrassing attention to Ross and his associates.

paragraph: Later in 1918 Ross was preparing to travel to Melbourne, to open an exhibition at the National Gallery of Victoria, when he died suddenly in London.

paragraph: In 1950, on the 50th anniversary of Wilde's death, Ross's ashes were placed into Wilde's tomb in Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris.

paragraph: Section::::Ross's work.

paragraph: Ross was able to rely on an allowance and then an inheritance from his wealthy family, leaving him free to pursue his interests. His main contribution to literature lies in his work, not only as Wilde's executor, but also, earlier, as a friendly but critical reader of many of Wilde's texts. If Ross is to be believed, he frequently suggested changes and improvements.

paragraph: Ross also tried his hand as a writer. He provided an introduction to Wilde's play "Salome". His book "Masques and Phases" is a collection of previously published short stories and reviews. As an art critic Ross was highly critical of the post-impressionist painters.

paragraph: Section::::Tributes.

paragraph: In 2008 the University of Bradford's LGBT Society, Bradford MSGI, named its library collection the Robbie Ross Liberation Library.

paragraph: Section::::Appearances in literature.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Florence Earle Coates dedicated her poem (1912) to him.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ross has a brief appearance in the Pat Barker novel "The Eye in the Door". His part in Noel Pemberton Billing's agitation against him and his circle is mentioned throughout as a backdrop to the main story.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The protagonist of Timothy Findley's novel "The Wars" (1977) is named after him. The historical Ross appears as a character in Findley's novel "Pilgrim".

paragraph: BULLET::::- In films he was portrayed by Dennis Price in "Oscar Wilde" (1960), Emrys Jones in "The Trials of Oscar Wilde" (1960), Michael Sheen in "Wilde" (1997), and by Edwin Thomas in "The Happy Prince" (2018).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ross was a major character in David Hare's play "The Judas Kiss" (1998).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Robert Ross has a major role in Dave Sim's graphic novel "Melmoth" (), which formed only a small part of Sims' 6,000-page work "Cerebus". Only tangentially related to the main storyline, "Melmoth" chronicles the final days and death of Wilde following his release from prison, with quotations from primary sources. (The title alludes to Wilde's alias, Sebastian Melmoth, which he had adopted following his release from prison.)

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: There have been three major biographies of Ross's life. These are Maureen Borland's "Wilde's Devoted Friend: A Life of Robert Ross 1869–1918" (1990), Jonathan Fryer's "Robbie Ross" (2000) and Neil McKenna's "The Secret Life of Oscar Wilde" (2003), which examines Ross's sexuality in detail. Ross's relationship with Frederick Stanley Smith is discussed in Maria Roberts' 'Let Them Say; The Life of Frederick Stanley Smith' (2016) See also: Margery Ross, ed. "Robert Ross. Friend of Friends. Letters to Robert Ross, Art Critic and Writer, together with extracts from his published articles." (1952).

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Diana Ross, 20th-century children's book author related to Robert Ross

description: Canadian journalist and art critic

wikidata_label: Robbie Ross

wikipedia_title: Robbie Ross


text:
Lord Byron
St Werburgh's
Derby Philosophical Society
Erasmus Darwin
William Strutt
Newark
Dictionary of National Biography
Thomas Moore
John Murray
Ada Lovelace

paragraph: Elizabeth Bridget Pigot

paragraph: Elizabeth Bridget Pigot (1783–1866) was a correspondent, friend and biographic source for Lord Byron.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Pigot was born on 20 September 1783 in St Werburgh's parish in Derby to Dr John Hollis Pigot and his wife Margaret (born Becher). Elizabeth's father, John, was a physician and one of the founders of Derby Philosophical Society with Erasmus Darwin and William Strutt. Pigot's father was to die when he was 36.

paragraph: In 1804 she was 21 and she met the sixteen-year-old Byron who had moved opposite them in April. They became friends and she would accompany his singing on the piano. Pigot and Byron corresponded with each other until 1811. During this time Byron was at Trinity College, Cambridge whereas Pigot appears to have received her education at home or at a nearby girls' school. Pigot would copy out the poems that Byron sent her. Some of Byron's early encouragement with his poetry came from Pigot. In 1806 and 1807 Elizabeth and her brother John, who was also a friend of Byron, helped to expedite the publication of three of Byron's poetic works through a publisher in Newark.

paragraph: In 1807 Pigot became engaged briefly to an officer in India but this never led to marriage but it did result in Byron writing a poem dedicated to Pigot. In the same year, Pigot used her water colours to create a short poetical story that featured Byron called ""The Wonderful History of Lord Byron and his Dog"" which she illustrated with sketches of Byron and his dog. The work is thought to be a parody of "Mrs Hubbard and her dog".

paragraph: There appears to be little evidence for a romantic connection between Pigot and Byron but she did keep locks of his hair. It was reported in the first issue of the Dictionary of National Biography that Pigot's engagement was broken off as a result of writing letters to her fiancee and to Byron and then placing the letters in the wrong envelopes. However this story is not included in the latest version.

paragraph: Pigot also created a painting of Byron's eye which has led some to speculate that Pigot's feelings may not have been entirely platonic. She was upset when Byron's former mistress visited from Italy and failed to call upon her. Pigot documented Byron's life and six years after the Countess Guiccioli sent her a lock of her hair which Pigot placed with a similar cutting from Byron.

paragraph: In 1828 she was discovered by the first of Byron's biographers, Thomas Moore. Pigot was able to supply him with a great deal of material. Pigot started a correspondence with John Murray of the publishing family who was involved with Byron's publishings and his biography. It was Moore and the publisher John Murray who burnt Byron's papers to prevent further scandal. She was to eventually receive engravings from his son, also John Murray, in thanks for her assistance. In the same year she managed to catch a glance of Byron's daughter Ada Lovelace which pleased her.

description: correspondent and childhood friend to Byron

wikidata_label: Elizabeth Bridget Pigot

wikipedia_title: Elizabeth Bridget Pigot


text: British

text: Samuel Montagu & Co.

text: philanthropist

text: Liberal

text: House of Commons

text: peerage

text: Orthodox

text: Jew

text: social service

text: Liverpool

text: St. Mary Axe

text: London

text: Zionist

text: "Lovers of Zion"

text: synagogues

text: Federation of Synagogues

text: Orthodox

text: East End of London

text: United Synagogue

text: Nathan Rothschild, 1st Baron Rothschild

text: Maggid

text: socialism

text: Geoffrey Alderman

text: 1885 general election

text: Liberal

text: Member of Parliament

text: Whitechapel

text: 1900 general election

text: Lionel Louis Cohen

text: Yiddish

text: Gold and Silver Commission

text: County of Southampton

text: Kensington Palace Gardens

text: County of London

text: Annie Chapman

text: Jack the Ripper

text: Home Office

text: Whitechapel murders

text: East End

text: Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs

text: Jewish question

text: Edmonton

text: Salmons Brook

text: Whitechapel

text: LCC

text: White Hart Lane estate

text: Tottenham

text: South Stoneham House

text: Swaythling

text: Southampton

text: peerage

text: Swaythling

text: Henrietta

text: Lily

text: Liberal Judaism

text: Louis Montagu

text: Zionist

text: League of British Jews

text: Edwin Samuel Montagu

text: Secretary of State for India

text: Venetia Stanley

text: converted to Judaism

text: Liberal

text: Herbert Samuel, 1st Viscount Samuel

text: High Commissioner

text: Mandate Palestine

text: medical research

text: Philip D’Arcy Hart

text: 2016 Nobel Prize

text: Oliver Hart

text: Stephen Poliakoff

text: Kidbrooke

text: South London

text: Samuel Montagu Youth Centre

text: JewishEncyclopedia.com

categories: People educated at Liverpool Institute High School for Boys,UK MPs 1892–1895,English bankers,UK MPs 1885–1886,1832 births,Barons Swaythling,Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom,Samuel-Montagu family,Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies,UK MPs 1886–1892,UK MPs 1895–1900,English Jews,1911 deaths

paragraph: Samuel Montagu, 1st Baron Swaythling

paragraph: Samuel Montagu, 1st Baron Swaythling (21 December 1832 – 12 January 1911) was a British banker who founded the bank of Samuel Montagu & Co. He was a philanthropist and Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1885 to 1900, and was later raised to the peerage. Montagu was a pious Orthodox Jew, and devoted himself to social services and advancing Jewish institutions.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Montagu was born in Liverpool as Montagu Samuel, the second son of Louis Samuel, a watchmaker of Liverpool, and his wife, Henrietta Israel, daughter of Israel Israel of Bury Street, St. Mary Axe, London. He was educated at the High School of Liverpool Mechanics' Institute as Samuel Montagu. In 1853 he founded the bank of Samuel Montagu as a foreign banker.

paragraph: Section::::Jewish causes.

paragraph: Montagu's commitment to Jewish causes included both initiatives aimed at improving the lot of Jews in England, and his participation in the proto-Zionist "Lovers of Zion" movement. He was involved in founding new synagogues, and in establishing the Federation of Synagogues in 1887, which was an umbrella body for the small Orthodox congregations in the East End of London. By 1911, the Federation represented 51 London congregations (6,000 male members), which made it the largest synagogal body in UK (larger, by around 1,000 male seat-holders, than the United Synagogue). This rapid growth brought Montagu into conflict with Nathan Rothschild, 1st Baron Rothschild and the United Synagogue. Montagu's funding helped the Federation secure the services of distinguished rabbinical scholars such as Dr Mayer Lerner of Wurzheim in 1890 and the Maggid of Kamenitsk, Chaim Zundel Maccoby.

paragraph: In 1889 Montagu stated that

paragraph: "one of the principal objects of the Federation was to endeavour to raise the social condition of the Jews in East London and to prevent anything like anarchy and socialism…The blessings of the Patriarchs that they would increase their cattle and amass wealth, and the prophecy would never cease out of the land, were in themselves evidence that Judaism did not recognise anything like social equality amongst all classes of people."

paragraph: Historian Geoffrey Alderman has described the Federation as the ‘largest single instrument of Anglicization, as well as social control, that Anglo-Jewry possessed.’

paragraph: Section::::Political life.

paragraph: Montagu was elected at the 1885 general election Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) for Whitechapel, and held the seat until he stood down at the 1900 general election. His campaign in 1885 was run against his brother-in-law, Lionel Louis Cohen, who was controversially running as a Conservative. As a Yiddish-speaker, Montagu was able to appeal to the many immigrants within his constituency on religious grounds, arguing in 1886 that he hoped "not a single Jew would vote Conservative". From 1887 to 1890, he was a member of the Gold and Silver Commission. He was created a Baronet, of South Stoneham House in the County of Southampton and of Kensington Palace Gardens in the County of London, on 23 June 1894.

paragraph: In September 1888, after the murder of Annie Chapman at the hands of an unknown man later called Jack the Ripper, Montagu tried to offer a reward of £100 for the discovery and conviction of the criminal. The Home Office did not accept the offer because that practice had been discontinued. Montagu offered it because the Whitechapel murders resulted in some anti-semitic incidents against the East End population.

paragraph: In 1893, on behalf of the English "Lovers of Zion", Montagu presented a petition in favour of Jewish colonisation in Palestine to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. He asked that the minister forward it to the Turkish Sultan. The petition was evidence that what was to become political Zionism had already taken root in the minds of both Christian researchers of Palestine, and Jewish activists in search for solutions to the so-called "Jewish question".

paragraph: Montagu presented land he owned in Jeremys Green Lane, Edmonton—now known as Montagu Road—to the Federation of Synagogues as a burial strip. At that time he was aware of the overcrowding in his constituency, and wanted to encourage Jewish families to move to the suburbs. In 1898, he proposed that land south of Salmons Brook, Edmonton—some in all—be used to construct 700 houses, to house between 3000 and 4000 people. The houses were to have low rents and to include small gardens, with preference given to those currently living in Whitechapel. He first proposed the project to the LCC, and then Edmonton UDC; both prevaricated. In 1899, after the proposals were rejected, Montagu subsequently gave £10,000 (equivalent to £,000 in 2019) towards LCC housing on the White Hart Lane estate, Tottenham.

paragraph: Section::::Later years.

paragraph: Towards the end of his life, Montagu lived at South Stoneham House at Swaythling, a suburb of Southampton.

paragraph: In 1907, Montagu was raised to the peerage as Baron Swaythling, of Swaythling in the County of Southampton.

paragraph: Montagu died in January 1911, aged 78.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Montagu married Ellen Cohen, daughter of Louis Cohen, in 1862.

paragraph: His eldest child Henrietta was known for improving children's education whilst his daughter Lily helped to establish Liberal Judaism.

paragraph: He was succeeded in the baronetcy and barony by his eldest son Louis Montagu, co-founder of the anti-Zionist League of British Jews.

paragraph: His second son Edwin Samuel Montagu followed his father into politics, becoming Secretary of State for India. In 1915 Edwin Montagu married Venetia Stanley (1887-1948), who in accordance with the will of the 1st Baron Swaythling converted to Judaism upon her marriage.

paragraph: Lord Swaythling's nephew was the leading Liberal politician and philosopher Herbert Samuel, 1st Viscount Samuel, the first High Commissioner of Mandate Palestine.

paragraph: Samuel Montagu was the maternal grandfather of the medical researcher Philip D’Arcy Hart and also of the lawyer Walter D'Arcy Hart.

paragraph: Montagu is also the great-grandfather of the 2016 Nobel Prize winning economist Oliver Hart, and of director and playwright Stephen Poliakoff.

paragraph: Section::::Styles of address.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 18321885: Mr Samuel Montagu

paragraph: BULLET::::- 18851894: Mr Samuel Montagu

paragraph: BULLET::::- 18941900: Sir Samuel Montagu

paragraph: BULLET::::- 19001907: Sir Samuel Montagu

paragraph: BULLET::::- 19071911: "The Right Honourable" The Lord Swaythling

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Located in Kidbrooke, South London, the Samuel Montagu Youth Centre provides recreational opportunities for young people. Montagu is remembered in Edmonton at Montagu Road, Montagu Gardens, Montagu Crescent, Montagu Road School (demolished) and Swaythling Close.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- JewishEncyclopedia.com

description: British private banker and politician

wikidata_label: Samuel Montagu, 1st Baron Swaythling

wikipedia_title: Samuel Montagu, 1st Baron Swaythling


text:
pseudonym
Belgian
Flemish
journalism
Dutch
comic strips
detective stories
fantastique
Malpertuis
Harry Kümel
Orson Welles
Ghent
embezzlement
Second World War
detective stories
Harry Dickson
Sherlock Holmes
Amsterdam
film director
Alain Resnais
Bourvil
Raymond Queneau
Roland Stragliati
epitaph
Malpertuis
Harry Dickson
Fantastique
Jean Ray at "Faces of the Fantastic"

categories: People from Ghent,1964 deaths,Flemish writers,Ghost story writers,Belgian writers in French,Belgian comics writers,Belgian horror writers,1887 births

paragraph: Jean Ray (author)

paragraph: Jean Ray is the best-known pseudonym among the many used by Raymundus Joannes de Kremer (8 July 1887 – 17 September 1964), a prolific Belgian (Flemish) writer. Although he wrote journalism, stories for young readers in Dutch by the name John Flanders, and scenarios for comic strips and detective stories, he is best known for his tales of the fantastique written in French under the name Jean Ray. Among speakers of English, he is famous for his macabre novel "Malpertuis" (1943), which was filmed by Harry Kümel in 1971 (starring Orson Welles). He also used the pseudonyms King Ray, Alix R. Bantam and Sailor John, among others.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Ray was born in Ghent, his father being a minor port official, his mother the director of a girls' school. Ray was a fairly successful student but failed to complete his university studies, and from 1910 to 1919 he worked in clerical jobs in the city administration.

paragraph: By the early 1920s he had joined the editorial team of the "Journal de Gand". Later he also joined the monthly "L'Ami du Livre". His first book, "Les Contes du Whisky", a collection of fantastic and uncanny stories, was published in 1925.

paragraph: In 1926 he was charged with embezzlement and sentenced to six years in prison, but served only two years. During his imprisonment he wrote two of his best-known long stories, "The Shadowy Street" and "The Mainz Psalter". From the time of his release in 1929 until the outbreak of the Second World War, he wrote virtually non-stop.

paragraph: Between 1933 and 1940, Ray produced over a hundred tales in a series of detective stories, "The Adventures of Harry Dickson, the American Sherlock Holmes". He had been hired to translate a series from the German, but Ray found the stories so bad that he suggested to his Amsterdam publisher that he should re-write them instead. The publisher agreed, provided only that each story be about the same length as the original, and match the book's cover illustration. The Harry Dickson stories are admired by the film director Alain Resnais among others. During the winter of 1959–1960 Resnais met with Ray in the hope of making a film based on the Harry Dickson character, but nothing came of the project.

paragraph: During the Second World War Ray's prodigious output slowed, but he was able to publish his best works in French, under the name Jean Ray: "Le Grand Nocturne" (1942), "La Cité de l'Indicible Peur", also adapted into a film starring Bourvil, "Malpertuis", "Les Cercles de L'Epouvante" (all 1943), "Les Derniers Contes de Canterbury" (1944) and "Le Livre des Fantômes" (1947).

paragraph: After the war he was again reduced to hackwork, writing comic-strip scenarios by the name of John Flanders. Among the comics he wrote scripts for are Buth's "Thomas Pips" and text stories by Antoon Herckenrath , Gray Croucher , Rik Clément . He was rescued from obscurity by Raymond Queneau and Roland Stragliati, whose influence got "Malpertuis" reprinted in French in 1956.

paragraph: A few weeks before his death, he wrote his own mock epitaph in a letter to his friend Albert van Hageland: "Ci gît Jean Ray/homme sinistre/qui ne fut rien/pas même ministre" ("Here lies Jean Ray/A man sinister/who was nothing/not even a minister").

paragraph: Section::::Selected bibliography.

paragraph: Section::::Selected bibliography.:in English.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ghouls in my Grave" (Berkley Publishing Corporation, 1965, F1071) translated from French by Lowell Bair

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gold Teeth

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Shadowy Street (alternate title: The Tenebrous Alley)

paragraph: BULLET::::- I Killed Alfred Heavenrock

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Cemetery Watchman (alternate titles: The Graveyard Duchess / The Guardian of the Cemetery)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Mainz Psalter

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Last Traveler

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Black Mirror

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mr Glass Changes Direction

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Malpertuis" (Atlas Press, 1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "My Own Private Spectres" (Midnight House, 1999) limited edition of 350 copies

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Horrifying Presence and Other Tales" (Ex Occidente, 2009) translated from French by António Monteiro

paragraph: Section::::Selected bibliography.:in French (Jean Ray).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Contes du whisky" [The Tales of Whiskey] (1925, rev. 1946)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Croisière des ombres" [The Cruise of Shadows] (1932)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Grand Nocturne" [The Great Darkness] (1942)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Cercles de l'épouvante" [The Circles of Terror] (1943)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Malpertuis" (1943; transl. Atlas Press, 1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Cité de l'indicible peur" [The City of the Unspeakable Fear] (1943)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Derniers Contes de Canterbury" [The Last Tales of Canterbury] (1944)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Gerbe noire" (editor) (1947)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Livre des fantômes" [The Book of Ghosts] (1947; rev. 1966)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "25 Histoires noires et fantastiques" [25 Dark and Fantastic Tales] (1961)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Carrousel des maléfices" [The Spellbound Merry-Go-Round] (1964)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Contes noirs du golf" [Dark Tales of Golf] (1964)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Saint Judas-de-la-Nuit" [St. Judas-of-the-Night] (1964)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bestiaire fantastique" [Fantastic Bestiary] (posthumous, 1974)

paragraph: Section::::Selected bibliography.:in Dutch (John Flanders).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Spoken op de ruwe heide" [Ghosts on the heath] (1935)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Het monster van Borough" [The monster of Borough] (1948)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Geheimen van het Noorden" [Secrets of the North] (1948)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Het zwarte eiland" [The black island] (1948)

paragraph: Section::::Selected bibliography.:in German (Jean Ray).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Die Gasse der Finsternis" (Suhrkamp Taschenbuch, 1984)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Die Gasse der Finsternis" [La ruelle ténébreuse / The Tenebrous Alley] (1932)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Null Uhr Zwanzig" [Minuit vingt / Twenty Minutes past Midnight] (1925)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Die weiße Bestie" [La bete blanche] (1925)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Der Friedhofswächter" [Le gardien du cimetière / The Cemetery Watchman] (1925)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "M. Wohlmut und Franz Benscheider" [M. Wohlmut et Franz Benscheider] (1947)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Die Nacht von Pentonville" [La nuit de Pentonville] (1947)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nächtlicher Reigen in Königstein" [Ronde de nuit à Koenigstein] (1947)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Der Uhu" [Le uhu / The Uhu] (1944)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mainzer Psalter" [Le psautier de Mayence / The Mainz Psalter] (1932)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vetter Passeroux" [Le cousin Passeroux] (1947)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Der eiserne Tempel" [Le temple de fer] (1967)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Straßen" [Rues / Streets] (1947)

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: Hubert Van Calenbergh. "Jean Ray and the Belgian School of the Weird".

paragraph: "Studies in Weird Fiction", No. 24: 14-17. Winter 1999.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harry Dickson

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fantastique

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean Ray at "Faces of the Fantastic"

alias:
John Flanders
Raymond Jean Marie De Kremer

description: Belgian writer

wikidata_label: Jean Ray

wikipedia_title: Jean Ray (author)


text:
British
Liberal
Radical
Exeter
1832 general election

categories: UK MPs 1832–1835,1864 deaths,UK MPs 1835–1837,UK MPs 1859–1865,UK MPs 1847–1852,UK MPs 1837–1841,1797 births,Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies,UK MPs 1852–1857,UK MPs 1857–1859,UK MPs 1841–1847

paragraph: Edward Divett

paragraph: Edward Divett (1797 – 25 July 1864) was a British Liberal and Radical politician.

paragraph: Divett was elected Radical MP for Exeter at the 1832 general election and held the seat until his death in 1864.

description: politician, died 1864

wikidata_label: Edward Divett

wikipedia_title: Edward Divett


text: Carew Castle

text: Pembrokeshire

text: Idrone

text: County Carlow

text: lord of the manor

text: Moulsford

text: Carew baronetcies

text: Baron Carew

text: Peerage of England

text: Sir George Carew

text: Earl of Totnes

text: Baron Carew

text: Peerage of Ireland

text: Peerage of the United Kingdom

text: Robert Shapland Carew

text: lord of the manor

text: Moulsford

text: lord of the manor

text: Moulsford

text: Barons' Letter of 1301

text: Pope Boniface VIII

text: King Edward I

text: Parliament

text: writ

text: lord of the manor

text: Baron Carew

text: peerage

text: Baron Carew

text: Complete Peerage

text: George Edward Cokayne

text: Pole

text: writ

text: baron

text: Caerlaverock Castle

text: blazon

text: Caerlaverock Roll of Arms

text: lord of the manor

text: Ermington

text: Mohuns Ottery

text: Luppit

text: Mohuns Ottery

text: feudal baron of Dunster

text: Gilbert Basset

text: William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby

text: William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke

text: Mohuns Ottery

text: Nicholas Carew

text: Beddington

text: Keeper of the Privy Seal

text: Edward III

text: Richard Willoughby

text: Chief Justice of the King's Bench

text: Thomas Huscarle

text: Purley Magna

text: Weston Peverell

text: Plymouth

text: Mamhead

text: Sir Thomas Phillipps, 1st Baronet

text: "Archaeologia"

text: Hamilton-Rogers, William Henry

text: Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L.

text: Heralds' Visitations

text: Pole, Sir William

text: Sir John-William de la Pole

paragraph: Nicholas Carew (died 1311)

paragraph: Nicholas Carew (died 1311), feudal lord of Carew Castle in Pembrokeshire, feudal lord of Odrone (mod. Idrone, County Carlow) in Ireland and lord of the manor of Moulsford in Berkshire (since 1974 in Oxfordshire), was a soldier. He was the first of the Carew family to form a connection with the English county of Devon, where his descendants became very prominent until modern times. His descendants obtained three Carew baronetcies and four peerage titles, namely Baron Carew (1605) in the Peerage of England (for Sir Sir George Carew (1555–1629), created in 1626 Earl of Totnes) and Baron Carew (1834) in the Peerage of Ireland and Baron Carew (1838) of Castle Boro in the County of Wexford, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (both for Robert Shapland Carew (1787–1856)).

paragraph: Section::::Origins.

paragraph: He was the eldest son and heir of Nicholas de Carew (died 1297), feudal lord of Carew Castle in Pembrokeshire, lord of the manor of Moulsford in Berkshire and "jure uxoris" feudal lord of Odrone, by his wife Avice Tuitt, daughter and heiress of Richard Tuitt of Marston in County Westmeath, Ireland, whose family had acquired the Barony of Odrone by an earlier marriage to the heiress of Odrone.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: As "Nic(olae)us de Carru, D(omi)n(u)s de Mulesford" ("Nicholas de Carew, lord of the manor of Moulsford") he was one of 103 signatories of the Barons' Letter of 1301 addressed to Pope Boniface VIII as a repudiation of his claim of feudal overlordship of Scotland and as a defence of the rights of King King Edward I of England as overlord of that kingdom.

paragraph: Section::::"Baron Carew".

paragraph: In 1300–1 he was summoned to Parliament by writ of King Edward I (1272–1307) as "Dominus de Moulsford" ("lord of the manor of Moulsford") by which he is deemed to have become Baron Carew. He is called "Baron Carew" in various sources, but a peerage title Baron Carew at this early date is not mentioned in the authoritative Complete Peerage (1887–98) by George Edward Cokayne. Pole however states that he was summoned to Parliament by writ of King Edward I (1272–1307), which would have made him a baron. If so, there is no clear descent of such barony, and no explanation of why it had no clear ending. According to Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage, 1968: ""For several generations the heads of the family are described as Barons of Carew and Hidron, but none of them sat in Parliament with the exception of Nicholas de Carew who subscribed to the celebrated Barons' letter to the Pope in 1300"".

paragraph: Section::::Caerlaverock Roll.

paragraph: He was present at the Siege of Caerlaverock Castle in Scotland in 1301, during which his armorials were amongst those blazoned in French verse by English heralds in the Caerlaverock Roll of Arms, as follows:

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and children.

paragraph: He married Amicia (or Amy) Peverell, daughter of Hugh Peverell lord of the manor of Ermington in Devon, and heiress of her brother Sir John Peverell of Ermington, the last in the male line. By Amicia he had children including:

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Carew (died 1324), eldest son and heir, who married twice:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Firstly to Elinor de Mohun, daughter and heiress of Sir William de Mohun of Mohuns Ottery in the parish of Luppit, Devon, by whom he had a son Nicholas Carew (died 1323) who married Elinor Talbot, daughter of Richard Lord Talbot,("sic", Vivian, 1895) (should be Sir Richard Talbot, who signed and sealed the Barons' Letter, 1301 and held the manor of Eccleswall in Herefordshire in right of his wife Sarah, sister of William de Beauchamp, 9th Earl of Warwick) but died childless. Sir William de Mohun of Mohuns Ottery was a younger son of Reginald de Mohun (1206–1258), feudal baron of Dunster (son), by his second wife Isabel de Ferrers, widow of Gilbert Basset (died 1241) and daughter of William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby (1193–1254) by his wife Sibyl Marshal, a daughter and co-heiress of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke (1146/7-1219). Reginald de Mohun gave the manor of Ottery to his younger son Sir William Mohun.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Secondly John Carew married Joan Talbot, daughter of Sir Gilbert Talbot, by whom he had a son John Carew (died 1363), the heir of his half-brother Nicholas Carew (died 1323), from whom he inherited Mohuns Ottery, an important future seat of the Carew family. Joan Talbot survived him and remarried to John Dartmouth ("alias" Tuckett).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas de Carew (died 1331).

paragraph: BULLET::::- William de Carew (died 1359), died childless.

paragraph: BULLET::::- David de Carew

paragraph: Sometimes claimed to be a son but more likely a grandson was Nicholas Carew (died 1390), of Beddington in Surrey, Keeper of the Privy Seal during the reign of King Edward III. He married Lucy, daughter and heiress of Sir Richard Willoughby (c. 1290 – 1362), Chief Justice of the King's Bench and widow of the MP Sir Thomas Huscarle (d. by 1352), of Purley Magna in Berkshire, and his descendants lived at Beddington for several generations.

paragraph: Section::::Landholdings.

paragraph: Through his wife he inherited several manors including:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Weston Peverell, near Plymouth;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mamhead

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ashford

paragraph: BULLET::::- Galmeton

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Life of Sir Peter Carew, of Mohun Ottery, co. Devon.", edited by Sir Thomas Phillipps, 1st Baronet (1792–1872), published 1840 in "Archaeologia", the journal of the Society of Antiquaries of London. Concerning early history of the Carew family, source quoted by Vivian, 1895.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hamilton-Rogers, William Henry, "Memorials of the West, Historical and Descriptive, Collected on the Borderland of Somerset, Dorset and Devon", Exeter, 1888, chapter "The Nest of Carew (Ottery-Mohun)", pp. 269–330, esp. pp. 286 et seq.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vivian, Lt.Col. J.L., (Ed.) The Visitations of the County of Devon: Comprising the Heralds' Visitations of 1531, 1564 & 1620, Exeter, 1895, pedigree of Carew, esp. pp. 133–4

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pole, Sir William (died 1635), Collections Towards a Description of the County of Devon, Sir John-William de la Pole (ed.), London, 1791, especially pp. 129–31 and 333-4, descent of Carew.

wikidata_label: Nicholas Carew

wikipedia_title: Nicholas Carew (died 1311)


text:
journalist
Chicago Tribune
Detroit Free Press
Los Angeles Herald
etiquette
Michigan Women's Hall of Fame
Halifax, Nova Scotia
Samuel Woodworth
William Knox
Boston
Roxbury
Truro, Nova Scotia
Dixon Bridge collapse of 1873
Boston
Chicago
Chicago Tribune
Frederick Grant
Ulysses S. Grant
Philip Sheridan
Mary Todd Lincoln
Detroit Free Press
Grover Cleveland
Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
John Greenleaf Whittier
Chicago Times-Herald
Lucy Leggett
Michigan Women's Hall of Fame

categories: 20th-century American women writers,1836 births,American women journalists,19th-century American writers,19th-century American women writers,1911 deaths,Writers from Halifax, Nova Scotia

paragraph: Martha Louise Rayne

paragraph: Martha Louise Rayne (1836–1911) was an American who was an early woman journalist. In addition to writing and editing several journals, she serialized short stories and poems in newspapers such as the "Chicago Tribune", the "Detroit Free Press", and the "Los Angeles Herald". In addition to newspaper work, she published a guidebook of Chicago, etiquette books, and several novels. In 1886, she founded what may have been the first women's journalism school in the United States and four years later became a founding member and first vice president of the Michigan Woman's Press Association. Rayne was posthumously inducted into the Michigan Journalism Hall of Fame in 1998 and the Michigan Women's Hall of Fame in 2002.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Martha Louise Woodworth was born on August 1, 1836 in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada to John B. and Martha Woodworth. She came from a literary family, as on her father's side, she was related to Samuel Woodworth and on her mother's side to William Knox. She attended Truro Academy and from an early age had a gift for storytelling and writing. In 1854, she immigrated to Boston, Massachusetts and two years later on April 9, 1856, Woodworth married Robert Weir Rayne in Roxbury. They had four daughters, Gladwing, born in 1857 in Truro, Nova Scotia and died that same year in Roxbury, Massachusetts; Bessie, was born in 1858, but died in the Dixon Bridge collapse of 1873; Lula G. born in 1859 and Grace I. born in 1862.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Rayne began career in Boston in the early 1860s and then moved briefly to Ohio before arriving in Chicago. One of her earliest published works was a guidebook called "Chicago and one hundred miles around" printed in 1865. In 1868, she served as the city editor for a paper in Chicago called "Sorosis" and published poems in the children's paper "The Bright Side". She became a freelancer for the "Chicago Tribune" using the pen name "Vic" and then moved into a Sunday writing position by 1870. Simultaneously, she served as publisher and editor of the Chicago magazine, "Fashion, Music and Home Reading". After reporting on the 1874 wedding of Frederick Grant, son of President Ulysses S. Grant, and the wedding of General Philip Sheridan, Rayne interviewed and wrote a piece on Mary Todd Lincoln's confinement in a mental institution, which led to Lincoln's release. In addition, she published several novels, including "Jenny and Her Mother" (1867), "Fallen Among Thieves" (1876) and "Against Fate: A True Story" (1876).

paragraph: Around 1878, Rayne moved to Detroit and wrote for "The Household" section of the "Detroit Free Press", one of the first supplements to a newspaper written solely for women. During this time, she interviewed such celebrities as President Grover Cleveland, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow and John Greenleaf Whittier. In the early 1880s, Rayne wrote two etiquette books, which showed her humor as well as giving practical advice. Her 1884 work, "What can a woman do?" gave evidence to the growing desire of professions for women and the need that many felt for income production. In 1886, Rayne, founded what she billed as "the world’s first school of journalism" in Detroit, which was open until around 1900. She offered courses in developing a literary style, manuscript preparation, use of language, reporting and other writing skills to provide professional instruction to women, who were typically denied higher education opportunities. Rayne was a member of the National Woman's Press Association and served as the Michigan vice president of the organization in 1886. When Michigan decided to found its own Michigan Woman’s Press Association (MWPA) in 1890, Rayne was one of the founding members and served as its first vice president. She was re-elected as vice president in 1894. In 1896, she quit her post on the editorial staff at the Detroit Free Press.

paragraph: Rayne returned to the Chicago area in 1897 and began writing as a special features editor for the "Chicago Times-Herald". She had Lucy Leggett, continue running the journalism school in Detroit until 1900. Around this time, her husband, who had been a semi-invalid, died in 1899. She continued publishing poems and short stories in syndicated newspapers and journals through 1910. Rayne died on August 8, 1911 in Oak Park, Illinois.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Posthumously, Rayne was inducted into the Michigan Journalism Hall of Fame in 1998 and the Michigan Women's Hall of Fame in 2002.

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- and

description: American journalist

wikidata_label: Martha Louise Rayne

wikipedia_title: Martha Louise Rayne


text:
Batavia
Jakarta
Indo
boogie-woogie
jazz
swing
contemporary jazz
Albert Ammons
Johnny Maddox
Winifred Atwell
Pete Johnson
Meade Lux Lewis
Boogie-woogie
Ben Webster
Hank Mobley
Dexter Gordon
George Coleman
Johnny Griffin
Gene Ammons
North Sea Jazz Festival
Kongsberg Jazz Festival
Berlin Jazz Festival
Dutch Swing College Band
Oldie Blues
Oldie Blues
Oldie Blues
Rob Hoeke
Three of a Kind
Rob Agerbeek
Rob Agerbeek
Discogs
Rob Agerbeek
Rob Agerbeek
Rate Your Music

categories: 1937 births,Venus Records artists,Boogie-woogie musicians,Indo people,Timeless Records artists,21st-century pianists,Dutch jazz pianists,Dutch people of Indonesian descent,Oldie Blues artists,Boogie-woogie pianists,Dutch jazz composers,Living people,People from Batavia, Dutch East Indies,Polydor Records artists

paragraph: Rob Agerbeek

paragraph: Robbert Arris Jules "Rob" Agerbeek (born 28 September 1937 in Batavia (Jakarta)) is an Indo Dutch boogie-woogie and jazz pianist and winner of several jazz concourses in the Netherlands in the late 1950s. He is regarded as one of Europe's finest jazz pianists, covering the full spectrum of jazz styles from his early days of Boogie-woogie to Chicago traditional Jazz, swing and contemporary jazz.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and career.

paragraph: In 1954 Rob Agerbeek and his family arrived in the Netherlands. He started playing the piano at the age of 17 or 18. Except for one piano lesson from his mother he is completely self-taught; he learned the piano by listening to records of Albert Ammons, Johnny Maddox, Winifred Atwell, Pete Johnson and Meade Lux Lewis. In the first years of his career Agerbeek is mainly into Boogie-woogie and later in his career he expands his playing styles with bebop, hardbop and dixieland. He accompanied more than hundred, mainly American, Jazz musicians such as Ben Webster, Hank Mobley, Dexter Gordon, George Coleman, Johnny Griffin and Gene Ammons.

paragraph: Rob Agerbeek performed at international jazzfestivals as the Paris Jazz Festival, Hammerveld Jazz Festival, North Sea Jazz Festival, Kongsberg Jazz Festival and the Berlin Jazz Festival.

paragraph: Section::::Later career.

paragraph: On 17 November 1996 Agerbeek celebrated his 40 years jubilee as an allround jazz pianist when he was presented with the membership of honour of the Hague Jazz Club.

paragraph: Rob Agerbeek still occasionally performs with his trio consisting of himself on piano and Ben Schröder on drums and Alex Milo on bass. Joining in on vocals on several performances are Jazz singer Mirjam van Dam, Susanne de Rooij and Brigitte Soffner.

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "AVRO Jazzcompetitie", winner as Het Rob Agerbeek Kwartet (1956)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Haags Jazzconcours", winner as Het Rob Agerbeek Kwartet (1958)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nationaal Jazzconcours", winner as Het Rob Agerbeek Kwartet (1958)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Membership of honour", the Hague Jazz Club (1996)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Rob Agerbeek's discography of over 40 albums include a double LP with Dexter Gordon live at the Haagse Jazz Club, five CDs with the Dutch Swing College Band and 10 recordings with his own bands of which three on the Oldie Blues label.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Boogie Woogie Party", as Rob Agerbeek Quintet, CBS, 1971

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Homerun", as Rob Agerbeek Quintet, Polydor, 1971

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Beatles' Boogies", as Rob Agerbeek, CBS, 1971

paragraph: BULLET::::- "All Souls", as The Rob Agerbeek Trio featuring Dexter Gordon, Dexterity, 1972

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Keep the Change", as The Rob Agerbeek Quintet, Munich, 1975

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Boogie Rocks", as Rob Agerbeek, Oldie Blues, 1975

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gibraltar", as Harry Verbeke/Rob Agerbeek Quartet, Timeless, 1980

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Miss Dee", as Rob Agerbeek Trio, Lime Tree, 1981

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Seven Steps", as Harry Verbeke/Rob Agerbeek Quartet, Timeless, 1983

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Swing Gift", as Rob Agerbeek Trio, Jazzz '91, 1991

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Second Opinion", as Rob Agerbeek Trio, Jazzz '91, 1992

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stardust", as Harry Verbeke/Rob Agerbeek, Timeless, 1992

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Full House", as Rob Agerbeek Trio, Nuts Ziektekosten Verzekering, 1994

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Boogie Rocks", as Rob Agerbeek, Oldie Blues, 1997 (expanded re-issue of 1975 album)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Boogie on the Move" as The Grand Piano Boogie Train: Jaap Dekker, Rob Hoeke and Rob Agerbeek, Rodero Records, 1997

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blues & Boogie Movin' On" as The Grand Piano Boogie Train: Jaap Dekker, Rob Hoeke and Rob Agerbeek, Rodero Records, 1997

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Three of a Kind", as Rob Agerbeek, Oldie Blues, 1998

paragraph: BULLET::::- "That's all", as Ann Burton & Mark Murphy meet the Rob Agerbeek Trio, Blue Jack Jazz Records, 2004

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pardon My Bop", as Rob Agerbeek/Ruud Brink Quartet, Blue Jack Jazz Records, 2004

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Homerun – volume 2"', as Rob Agerbeek Quintet, Blue Jack Jazz Records, 2006

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Very Thought of You", as Rob Agerbeek Trio, Venus, 2007 (Japan)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Almost Blue", as John Marshall & The Rob Agerbeek Trio, Blue Jack Jazz Records, 2008

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On Green Dolphin Street", as George Coleman and The Rob Agerbeek Trio, Blue Jack Jazz Records, 2010

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rob Agerbeek at Muziek Encyclopedie

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rob Agerbeek at Discogs

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rob Agerbeek at Muziekweb

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rob Agerbeek at Rate Your Music

description: Dutch musician

wikidata_label: Rob Agerbeek

wikipedia_title: Rob Agerbeek


text:
CBE
Tate
Royal Opera House
Tony Hall
BBC
Manchester Grammar School
Westminster School
King's College London
Arts Council England
KPMG
Tate Modern
Glyndebourne

categories: British arts administrators,Royal Opera House,People associated with the Tate galleries,Alumni of King's College London,People educated at Westminster School, London,1963 births,People educated at Manchester Grammar School,Commanders of the Order of the British Empire,Fellows of King's College London,Living people

paragraph: Alex Beard (arts manager)

paragraph: Alexander Charles Beard CBE (born October 1963) was the deputy director of the Tate from 2002 to 2013. In March 2013, he was appointed as the new chief executive of the Royal Opera House, London, succeeding Tony Hall, who relinquished the post on his appointment as Director-General of the BBC. Beard took up the post at the ROH in September 2013.

paragraph: Section::::Education.

paragraph: He was educated at Manchester Grammar School, Westminster School and King's College London (BA, Classics).

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Beard has spent nineteen years with the Tate and previously worked for the Arts Council England for seven years (1986–93) and for KPMG (1985-6). At the Tate, he was responsible for the business plan for the creation of Tate Modern. He has also been a member of the Board of Glyndebourne Productions Ltd since 2008.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: He was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) for services to the arts in the New Year Honours at the end of 2012.

description: Arts manager

wikidata_label: Alex Beard

wikipedia_title: Alex Beard (arts manager)


text:
Haarlem
Vincent van der Vinne
Haarlem Guild of St. Luke
Philips de Flines
Haarlem Guild of St. Luke
Jan
Isaac
Jacob
Jan Laurensz
Vincent II
Laurens van der Vinne
Artnet

categories: 1658 births,Dutch still life painters,Flower artists,Dutch male painters,18th-century Dutch painters,17th-century Dutch painters,1729 deaths,Artists from Haarlem

paragraph: Laurens van der Vinne

paragraph: Laurens Vincentsz van der Vinne (1658–1729) was an 18th-century painter from the Northern Netherlands.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Van der Vinne was born and died in Haarlem. According to Houbraken, he was the oldest and artistically most gifted son of the painter Vincent van der Vinne. Laurens helped his father draw up the list of 173 members of the Haarlem Guild of St. Luke that Vincent van der Vinne produced in 1702. He learned to paint from his father, and his paintings were similar, but he was especially good at painting flower still lifes, many of which he painted for Philips de Flines, who kept a garden with rare plants from the East and West Indies.

paragraph: According to the RKD he learned to paint from his father, and from the glass painter Pieter Berchem. He became a member of the Haarlem Guild of St. Luke in 1685, and was dean in 1722 and 1728. He is known for landscapes and flower still lifes. His brothers Jan and Isaac, and his three sons Jacob, Jan Laurensz, and Vincent II also were painters.

paragraph: He had a thread and ribbon factory on the called the "Vossekop" (fox's head).

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Laurens van der Vinne on Artnet

alias:
Laurens Vincentsz. Van Der Vinne
Laurens Vincentsz. van der Vinne
Laurens Vincentsz van der Vinne

description: 18th century painters from the Northern Netherlands

wikidata_label: Laurens van der Vinne

wikipedia_title: Laurens van der Vinne


text:
Albanian
Thopia family
Krujë
Marco Barbarigo
Venetian
Karl Topia
Niketa Thopia
Balšić family
Konstantin Balšić
Marco Barbarigo
Konstantin Balšić
Stefan Maramonte

categories: Thopia family,14th-century rulers in Europe,14th-century women rulers,15th-century Albanian people,Balšić noble family

paragraph: Helena Thopia

paragraph: Helena Thopia ( 1388–1403) was an Albanian princess of the Thopia family who held the Krujë region as sovereign lady for two terms; 1388-1392 and 1394-1403.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: She was married to Marco Barbarigo, a Venetian nobleman. After the death of her father, Karl Topia, in 1388, she inherited the castle of Krujë and the surrounding region. In 1392 as a result of the hostilities between her husband and the Venetian forces, her cousin, Niketa Thopia, a Venice loyal, attacked the city of Krujë and forced them to find refuge among the Balšić family.

paragraph: In 1394 Konstantin Balšić, who was appointed by the Ottomans to govern Krujë, married her. Konstantin ruled as an Ottoman vassal and was killed in 1402. In 1403 Niketa Thopia captured the castle from Helena. After Konstantin's death Helena and their son Stefan first went to Venice and then lived with her sister Maria.

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: She married Marco Barbarigo, and then Konstantin Balšić in 1394. She had a son with Konstantin, Stefan Maramonte.

description: Albanian princess

wikidata_label: Helena Thopia

wikipedia_title: Helena Thopia


text: American

text: aquanaut

text: SEALAB II and III

text: U.S. Navy

text: carbon dioxide poisoning

text: baralyme

text: carbon dioxide

text: Williston, Florida

text: United States Navy

text: Mineman

text: Hawthorne Naval Ammunition Depot

text: Hawthorne, Nevada

text: boxing

text: University of Florida

text: Bachelor of Science

text: Electronic Engineering

text: U.S. Navy Mine Defense Laboratory

text: Panama City, Florida

text: La Jolla

text: California

text: Superior Civilian Service Award

text: San Clemente Island

text: Robert A. Barth

text: Richard Blackburn

text: John Reaves

text: habitat

text: aqua-lung

text: regulator

text: decompression chamber

text: San Diego Naval Hospital

text: Humphrey Mortuary

text: Chula Vista, California

text: Wacahoota Baptist Cemetery

text: central Florida

text: heart attack

text: San Diego

text: carbon dioxide poisoning

text: medical officer

text: Paul G. Linweaver

text: helium

text: John Rawlins

text: Royal Navy

text: hypothermia

text: John Piña Craven

text: Deep Submergence Systems Project

text: decompression

text: USS "Pueblo"

text: murder

text: Zane Grey

text: Crystal River, FL

text: "Death of an Aquanaut", Part 2

categories: Burials in Florida,1935 births,Accidental deaths in California,Underwater diving deaths,20th-century American engineers,1969 deaths,American underwater divers,Deaths from hypercapnia,Aquanauts,People from Levy County, Florida,Place of birth missing,United States Navy personnel

paragraph: Berry L. Cannon

paragraph: Berry Louis Cannon (March 22, 1935 – February 17, 1969) was an American aquanaut who served on the SEALAB II and III projects of the U.S. Navy. Cannon died of carbon dioxide poisoning while attempting to repair SEALAB III. It was later found that his diving rig's baralyme canister, which should have absorbed the carbon dioxide Cannon exhaled, was empty.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Born March 22, 1935, Cannon grew up in Williston, Florida, where he was raised by his grandmother. He was captain of his high school football team and graduated from Williston High School. Cannon joined the United States Navy after high school and served for four years, becoming a Mineman Second Class. At one time he served at the Hawthorne Naval Ammunition Depot in Hawthorne, Nevada, where he was on the boxing team. Cannon graduated from the University of Florida in 1962 with a Bachelor of Science degree in Electronic Engineering.

paragraph: Section::::SEALAB II.

paragraph: Cannon was a civilian electronics engineer at the U.S. Navy Mine Defense Laboratory in Panama City, Florida, where he designed intercommunications systems. From August 28 to September 12, 1965, Cannon served on the first crew of SEALAB II near La Jolla, California. He received the Navy's Superior Civilian Service Award for his participation in the project.

paragraph: Section::::SEALAB III.

paragraph: In 1969, Cannon was assigned to Team One for the SEALAB III project, which would take place off San Clemente Island. He was one of four members of Team One assigned to open and secure the habitat, alongside fellow aquanauts Robert A. Barth, Richard Blackburn and John Reaves. On February 16, 1969, the SEALAB III habitat sprang a leak. Cannon, Barth, Blackburn and Reaves were twice sent down to SEALAB in the Personnel Transfer Capsule (PTC) in an attempt to repair the problem.

paragraph: Shortly after 0500 hours on February 17, Cannon began to convulse while working on the exterior of the habitat. Barth tried to save him, holding his head in the breathable gas pocket of the skirt surrounding SEALAB's entrance and unsuccessfully attempting to force the mouthpiece of the emergency aqua-lung regulator between Cannon's teeth. Finally, Barth dragged Cannon back toward the PTC, where his fellow aquanauts helped him bring Cannon inside and Reaves and Blackburn attempted resuscitation. When the PTC reached the surface it was obvious that Cannon was dead. His body was placed in the outer airlock of the deck decompression chamber (DDC), returned to surface pressure and brought to San Diego Naval Hospital. Cannon's funeral was held at Humphrey Mortuary in Chula Vista, California, on February 19. He was buried at Wacahoota Baptist Cemetery in central Florida.

paragraph: Section::::Aftermath.

paragraph: It was widely reported in the news media that Cannon had died of a heart attack. However, the official board of inquiry, held in San Diego from February 28 to March 12, 1969, concluded that Cannon had in fact died of carbon dioxide poisoning. The carbon dioxide-scrubbing baralyme canister on Cannon's Mark IX diving rig was empty. The SEALAB III aquanauts, including Cannon, did not set up their own diving rigs. The identity of the person who failed to refill the baralyme canister was never determined. SEALAB medical officer Paul G. Linweaver later suggested that Cannon would have realized his equipment was faulty had he not been suffering from extreme cold due to breathing pressurized helium. Surgeon commander John Rawlins, a Royal Navy medical officer assigned to the project, also suggested that hypothermia was a contributing factor.

paragraph: According to John Piña Craven, the U.S. Navy's head of the Deep Submergence Systems Project of which SEALAB was a part, SEALAB III had been "plagued with strange failures at the very start of operations". According to Craven, while the other divers were undergoing the weeklong decompression, repeated attempts were made to sabotage their air supply by someone aboard the command barge. Eventually, a guard was posted on the decompression chamber and the men were recovered safely. A potentially unstable suspect was identified by the staff psychiatrist but the culprit was never prosecuted. Craven suggests this may have been done to spare the Navy bad press so soon after the USS "Pueblo" incident. As a result, it has been suggested that Cannon's death was a murder.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Cannon was married to Mary Lou Cannon and had three sons. He was known for seldom complaining if his complaint would go against command authority. He enjoyed reading the works of Zane Grey.

paragraph: Section::::Memorial.

paragraph: The Berry L. Cannon Memorial Aquarium was dedicated in 1970 to the distinguished honor and memory of Berry L. Cannon. It is now part of the Citrus County School District's Marine Science Station in Crystal River, FL.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "San Diego Magazine" Article: "Death of an Aquanaut", Part 1

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Death of an Aquanaut", Part 2

description: American electronics engineer, aquanaut

wikidata_label: Berry L. Cannon

wikipedia_title: Berry L. Cannon


text:
French
Nice
Paramount
Raymond Massey
London
Fox
America
Paris

categories: 1912 births,People from Nice,20th-century French actresses,1972 deaths,French film actresses,French female models

paragraph: Ketti Gallian

paragraph: Ketti Gallian (25 December 1912 – December 1972) was a French actress.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Gallian was born in Nice. She went to Paris at the age of 15 and secured work as a model. She later went back to Nice and appeared in a number of foreign films made by Paramount.

paragraph: Her performance in "The Ace" in which she played opposite Raymond Massey on the London stage resulted in a screen contract from Fox. However, she never become a success while acting in America, and returned to France. She died, aged 59, in Paris.

description: actress

wikidata_label: Ketti Gallian

wikipedia_title: Ketti Gallian