text:
Saffarid
Sistan
Abu Ja'far Ahmad
Amr ibn al-Layth
Zarang
Samanid
Khurasan
Abu'l-Husayn Tahir ibn Muhammad
Ya'qubi
khutba
ayyār
Pilgrimage
Baghdad
Buyid
Mu'izz al-Dawla
Abbasid
al-Muti
Zarang
Bukhara
'Adud al-Dawla
Simjurid
Sebuktigin
al-Ta'i
Baha' al-Dawla
al-Qadir
laqab
Zamindawar
Turks
Hindushah
Farighunid
Guzgan
Mahmud
Ismail
Quhistan
Badghis
Kerman
Karakhanids
Gardiz
Nasrid dynasty

categories: 11th-century rulers in Asia,10th-century Iranian people,Rulers of the Saffarid dynasty,1009 deaths,10th-century rulers in Asia,Emirs of Sistan,937 births

paragraph: Khalaf ibn Ahmad

paragraph: Abu Ahmad Wali 'l-Dawla Khalaf ibn Ahmad (November 937 – March 1009) was the Saffarid amir of Sistan from 963 until 1002. Although he was renowned in the eastern Islamic world as a scholar, his reign was characterized by violence and instability, and Saffarid rule over Sistan came to an end with his deposition.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Khalaf was born in the middle of November 937 to Abu Ja'far Ahmad and Banu, a granddaughter of the second Saffarid amir, Amr ibn al-Layth. Little is known about the first twenty-six years of his life; presumably much of it was spent learning. From 957 or 958 at the latest he was recognized as heir to the throne and his name was included on his father's coins.

paragraph: Section::::Succession to the Amirate.

paragraph: At the end of March 963 Abu Ja'far Ahmad was murdered in Zarang. At the time of the assassination, Khalaf had been outside the capital. When he heard about his father's death, he rode for the town of Bust, whose governor immediately pledged his support. Soon afterward he led an army against Zarang, which was under the control of a rival Saffarid named Abu Hafs b. Muhammad. Seeing Khalaf's army, Abu Hafs fled the capital and sought refuge in Samanid Khurasan, allowing Khalaf to enter Zarang.

paragraph: Shortly after Khalaf was proclaimed amir, he proclaimed Abu'l-Husayn Tahir ibn Muhammad his co-ruler. Abu'l-Husayn Tahir, who was descended from the Saffarids on his mother's side, had been governing Farah but came to Zarang after Abu Ja'far Ahmad was murdered. Khalaf set him up in the Ya'qubi palace and had his name inserted in the khutba beside his.

paragraph: A year after Khalaf's ascension, a riot broke out in Zarang. Led by an "ayyār" leader and involving the city factions, it was quickly put down. Khalaf then decided to perform the Pilgrimage and departed, leaving Abu'l-Husayn Tahir in charge.

paragraph: Khalaf spent probably one year on the Pilgrimage before returning (965). On the way home he stopped at Baghdad, where the Buyid amir Mu'izz al-Dawla gave him an audience with the Abbasid caliph al-Muti. The caliph confirmed him in his rule of Sistan and gave him a robe of honor and standard. Khalaf felt, however, that Abu'l-Husayn Tahir would not willingly give up control of Sistan upon his return, so he went to the Samanids for assistance and received an army. Returning to Sistan, he forced Abu'l-Husayn Tahir to retreat. As soon as Khalaf's army had been dismissed, however, Abu'l-Husayn Tahir returned, forcing Khalaf to seek Samanid help again. The conflict suddenly ended with the death of Abu'l Husayn Tahir in 970; his son Husayn declared his alliegence to the Samanids and left Sistan for the time being.

paragraph: Section::::Conflict with Husayn b. Abu'l-Husayn Tahir.

paragraph: Within a year of the death of Abu'l-Husayn Tahir, his son Husayn pressed his claim to the amirate. Returning to Sistan, he soon gained control of Zarang in late 970/early 971. When Khalaf and his forces advanced to retake the capital, Husayn left the city and led his army against him. In the ensuing battle, Khalaf was victorious and several of Husayn's military commanders were killed. Khalaf retook Zarang in April 971 and immediately began to root out Husayn's supporters in the city, causing many of them to flee to Khurasan.

paragraph: Khalaf's victory proved to be only temporary, as Husayn returned in the following year. With an army that included elephants, Husayn defeated Khalaf in battle and reoccupied Zarang. A further setback for Khalaf occurred when the Samanids decided to get involved in the conflict. Khalaf had neglected to send the customary tribute to the Samanid amir at Bukhara, and Husayn took advantage of the amir's interest in the conflict by leaving Zarang and travelling to Bukhara to seek assistance (Khalaf, for his part, seems to have been more friendly to the Buyids, even including the name of the Buyid amir 'Adud al-Dawla in the khutba at one point, perhaps in an attempt to receive military aid. No record of Buyid intervention in Sistan during this time appears, however). A Samanid army was sent to support Husayn; Khalaf gave battle but was defeated in August of 979.

paragraph: Husayn and his Samanid allies then surrounded Zarang, which Khalaf had fled to after the battle. A siege lasting for probably three years began. Khalaf's forces attempted numerous sorties but were unable to break the siege; the Samanid and Saffarid armies battled each other several times, with neither gaining a decisive victory. The Samanid amir eventually sent a member of the Simjurid family, Abu'l-Hasan Muhammad Simjuri, to break the stalemate. With his help, a truce was achieved between Husayn and Khalaf in 983. Husayn received Zarang and much of Sistan; he entered the capital and had the name of the Samanid amir inserted in the khutba there. Khalaf left Zarang and took up residence in the nearby fortress of Taq and was to receive the revenues of the state lands and part of the revenues from Zarang.

paragraph: As soon as Abu'l-Hasan left Sistan, however, Khalaf broke the truce and attempted to retake Sistan. Husayn barricaded himself in the citadel, but found that its supplies had been depleted by Khalaf's forces during the three-year siege. Realizing that he couldn't hold out for long, he contacted the Ghaznavids for help. The Ghaznavid Sebuktigin made his way to Sistan, but Khalaf managed to bribe him and eventually convince him to assist him instead. With no choice left but to surrender, Husayn sent envoys to seek peace. An agreement was reached on December 25, 983, and to celebrate the peace numerous festivities were held. Husayn died not long after.

paragraph: Section::::Later years.

paragraph: Khalaf was now the sole uncontested amir of Sistan for the first time in twenty years. During the next several years he gained his reputation for being a great scholar and for encouraging learning within his realm. He is also said to have made another Pilgrimage, though the date of this is uncertain. Upon the deposition of the caliph al-Ta'i in 991 by the Buyid Baha' al-Dawla, he recognized the new caliph al-Qadir. This represented a break between him and the Samanids, who with their vassals the Ghaznavids continued to recognize al-Tai as caliph. In any case, it was probably al-Qadir who gave Khalaf his "laqab" of Wali 'l-Dawla.

paragraph: Khalaf also conducted a campaign to retake Bust and Zamindawar. These had been virtually lost to the Saffarids during Abu'l-Husayn Tahir's rule; the local Turks had been more or less independent before the Ghaznavid Sebuktigin conquered the region in c. 978. Khalaf occupied Bust in 986 while Sebuktigin was preoccupied with his own campaign against the Hindushah. When the Ghaznavid returned, however, Khalaf was forced to surrender Bust and return the taxes he had taken from the town.

paragraph: Khalaf had several sons; the two oldest, Abu Nasr and Abu'l-Fadl, died of natural causes. The third, 'Amr, spent many years at the court of the Samanid amir in Bukhara. In 988 'Amr was sent back to Sistan, where his father warmly welcomed him. A few years later, however, 'Amr took part in a rebellion against Khalaf. The rebellion was soon put down and 'Amr was jailed; he died in prison shortly after.

paragraph: Following the attempt to take Bust, Khalaf and Sebuktigin seem to have been on good terms. Khalaf is reported to have participated in a campaign together with Sebuktigin and the Farighunid amir of Guzgan to assist the Samanids in quelling a rebellion in Khurasan. When Sebuktigin died in 997, however, his two sons Mahmud and Ismail disputed over who should succeed him. Khalaf viewed this as an opportunity to gain territory from the Ghaznavids, and sent his fourth son Tahir to take Quhistan and Badghis in 998. Tahir was defeated in Baghdis by Mahmud's uncle Bughrachuq, although the latter was killed in the fighting.

paragraph: Mahmud had no intention of letting this assault go unpunished. He led his troops into Sistan in 1000 and trapped a surprised Khalaf, who was staying at a hill resort. Khalaf, lacking an army, had to pay an indemnity, put Mahmud's name before his own on his coins and place the Ghaznavid's name in the khutba.

paragraph: Khalaf's son Tahir is mentioned as having invaded Buyid Kerman in 1000, although he was ultimately unsuccessful in making any lasting gains. Soon afterwards he, like 'Amr before him, rebelled against Khalaf. The rebellion ended with Tahir's capture; he was imprisoned and died not long after, in 1002. With Tahir's death Khalaf was no longer left with any suitable heirs.

paragraph: Khalaf's reign had grown increasingly unpopular over the years; his unpopularity especially grew after Tahir's rebellion. After Tahir died, the commander of his army sent a message to Mahmud of Ghazna, stating that the people of Zarang wanted him to become the ruler of Sistan. Mahmud responded by sending an advance force to secure Sistan. Khalaf resisted, barricaded himself in Taq and withstood a siege by the Ghaznavid force, so Mahmud decided to come personally in November 1002. Mahmud's army was reinforced by the townspeople of Zarang, eager to see the Saffarid defeated. By December 1002 Khalaf was forced to surrender. He was sent to Farighunid Guzgan, where he lived until 1006 or 1007. Rumors that Khalaf was in contact with the Karakhanids, whom Mahmud was at war with at the time, resulted in him being transferred south to Gardiz, where he died in 1009. Sistan remained under Ghaznavid rule until 1029, when the Nasrid dynasty gained control of the country.

paragraph: Section::::References.

description: Saffarid amir

wikidata_label: Khalaf ibn Ahmad

wikipedia_title: Khalaf ibn Ahmad


text:
Australian
The Living End
rockabilly
Chris Cheney
Andy Strachan
Paul Kelly
Bendigo
Ampeg

categories: Australian double-bassists,Living people,The Living End members,Slap bassists (double bass),21st-century double-bassists,Australian punk rock musicians,1975 births,21st-century male musicians,Male double-bassists,Australian multi-instrumentalists,Rock double-bassists

paragraph: Scott Owen

paragraph: Scott Bradley Owen (born 14 February 1975) is an Australian musician who currently plays for the punk rock/psychobilly band The Living End.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: After playing the piano for many years, he decided that the keys would not work for a rockabilly band, so at age seventeen, he purchased and taught himself double bass, so he could play rockabilly with best friend and bandmate, the vocalist and guitarist Chris Cheney.

paragraph: During their live shows, Owen is known for pulling his "bass stunts", most notably standing on the bass (or letting Chris Cheney stand on it), tilting it on an angle, resting his right foot on the curve by the f-hole and his left foot over the belly of the bass near the bottom of the fingerboard.

paragraph: Owen has also written a number of tracks for The Living End, including "Flood The Sky", "I Want A Day", "What Would You Do?" and "Stay Away From Me". He also co-wrote "So Lonely" and "Black Cat" with Chris Cheney and "Short Notice" and "E-Boogie" with Chris Cheney and Andy Strachan.

paragraph: He played double bass for Paul Kelly on his song "Song Of The Old Rake" and features in the filmclip, set in a Bendigo radio station.

paragraph: Owen uses Ampeg cabinets and heads, separate channels for bass and slap pickups.

paragraph: Owen has two children, Harvey and Ginger, with his wife Emilie.

description: Australian musician

wikidata_label: Scott Owen

wikipedia_title: Scott Owen


text:
United States Army
Secretary of State
William H. Seward
Lewis Powell
Congressional Gold Medal
8th Maine Infantry
major
Hartford, Maine
Battle of Ware Bottom Church
Virginia
major
Pomona, California
Arlington National Cemetery
Washington, D.C.
John Wilkes Booth
Lincoln
Lewis Powell
Andrew Johnson
Frederick W. Seward
Fanny Seward
jugular
Augustus
David Herold
American Congress
Lewis Powell
William Seward

categories: People from Hartford, Maine,Deaths from pneumonia,1832 births,Congressional Gold Medal recipients,Union Army soldiers,1907 deaths,People of Maine in the American Civil War,United States Army soldiers,People from Pomona, California

paragraph: George F. Robinson

paragraph: George Foster Robinson (August 13, 1832 – August 16, 1907) was a soldier of the United States Army and the attendant of Secretary of State William H. Seward who was best known for his role in foiling the assassination attempt of William Seward by Lewis Powell for which he was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal in 1871.

paragraph: Robinson joined 8th Maine Infantry in August 1863, and was serving as an attendant to Seward while recovering from battlefield wounds. He was honorably discharged in May 1865 but returned to the Army as a major in June 1879, and was retired in August 1896 after serving for 20 years.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: George F. Robinson was born to Isaac Watts Robinson and Deborah Thomas in Hartford, Maine, in 1832. Robinson was enlisted, in Company B, 8th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment.

paragraph: He was wounded on 20 May 1864 at the Battle of Ware Bottom Church in Virginia and was honorably discharged from 8th Infantry Regiment Maine on 17 May 1865. But he returned to the Army as a major in 1879, and served till his retirement in 1896.

paragraph: Robinson died of pneumonia at age 75 on August 16, 1907, in Pomona, California. He is buried at Arlington National Cemetery near Washington, D.C..

paragraph: Section::::Assassination attempt of William Seward.

paragraph: John Wilkes Booth had originally planned to kidnap Lincoln, and recruited conspirators, including Lewis Powell. When Booth decided to kill Lincoln, Andrew Johnson, and Seward in order to create chaos in the federal government and possibly stave off Confederate defeat, Powell was assigned the task of killing Seward. On April 14, 1865, Powell entered Seward's home, pretending to deliver medicine to Seward, who was in bed recovering from injuries sustained in a carriage accident. Denied entry to Seward's room by suspicious family members, Powell started back down the stairs but suddenly turned and drew his revolver, pointing it at Frederick W. Seward's forehead. He pulled the trigger, but the gun misfired. Powell then struck Frederick several times with the pistol, and Seward crumpled to the floor unconscious. Fanny Seward came out of her father's room to see her brother bloody and unconscious on the floor and Powell running towards her. Powell shoved her aside, ran to Seward's bed and began stabbing him repeatedly in the face and neck. He missed the first time he swung his knife down, but the third blow sliced open Seward's cheek. The splint on Seward's broken jaw was the only thing that prevented Powell's blade from penetrating Seward's jugular vein.

paragraph: Private George F. Robinson, a soldier assigned to attend the secretary, and Seward's son Augustus, an army officer, tried to drive Powell away. Augustus had been asleep in his room, but was awakened by Fanny's screams of terror. Outside the residence, David Herold, a Booth conspirator assigned to guide Powell because Powell was unfamiliar with the streets of Washington, also heard Fanny screaming. He became frightened and ran away, abandoning Powell. The force of Powell's blows had driven Secretary Seward off the bed and onto the floor behind the bed where Powell could not reach him. Powell fought off Robinson, Augustus, and Fanny, stabbing both Robinson and Augustus in the process, and escaped through the front after stabbing Emerick Hansell, a messenger who was bringing a telegram to Seward. Despite the fact that he was injured, Robinson and Fanny Seward immediately applied first aid to the wounded Secretary of State, stopping his bleeding and saving his life.

paragraph: Section::::1871 Congressional Gold Medal.

paragraph: On March 1, 1871, American Congress approved the award of the Congressional Gold Medal to Private (later Major) Robinson, who was credited with fighting off Lewis Powell and saving the life of Secretary of State William Seward on 14 April 1865. Robinson received this specially struck medal, the thanks of Congress and a monetary reward in honor of his bravery.

alias:
George Robinson
George Foster Robinson

description: American soldier

wikidata_label: George F. Robinson

wikipedia_title: George F. Robinson


text:
Jacksonville Sharks
National Arena League
Salem International University
offensive lineman
East Tennessee State University
Southern Conference
Tim Marcum
Tampa Bay Storm
Adrian McPherson
Arizona Rattlers
Tampa Bay Storm coaching staff
Dave Ewart at ArenaFan Online

categories: American football offensive linemen,Glenville State Pioneers football coaches,Florida Bobcats coaches,East Tennessee State Buccaneers football coaches,Toronto Phantoms coaches,Arizona Rattlers coaches,East Tennessee State Buccaneers football players,1969 births,Tampa Bay Storm coaches,Salem International Tigers football players,Cleveland Thunderbolts coaches,Living people,Houston Thunderbears coaches,St. Louis Stampede coaches

paragraph: Dave Ewart

paragraph: David Ewart (born March 30, 1969) is the assistant head coach for the Jacksonville Sharks of the National Arena League (NAL).

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Ewart attended Salem International University from 1987 to 1988 playing as an offensive lineman on the Tigers football team before transferring to East Tennessee State University. During his years at East Tennessee State, Ewart was twice named an All-Southern Conference selection and was a Division-1AA All-American selection.

paragraph: Section::::Coaching career.

paragraph: Section::::Coaching career.:Tampa Bay Storm.

paragraph: Ewart served as an assistant under Tim Marcum for seven seasons with the Tampa Bay Storm, Ewart was named the Storm's 6th Head Coach in team history on February 17, 2011. After two losing seasons, the Storm were putting together a promising 7-4 season in 2013, when quarterback Adrian McPherson was injured. The Storm went on to lose seven straight games to end the season, but still made the playoffs. This was the first time the Storm made the playoffs under Ewart. The Storm lost their first round playoff game, and with the team's eighth straight loss, the Storm fired Ewart.

paragraph: Section::::Coaching career.:Arizona Rattlers.

paragraph: Ewart was Arizona Rattlers' defensive coordinator from 2014 to 2016.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tampa Bay Storm coaching staff

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dave Ewart at ArenaFan Online

description: Arena football coach

wikidata_label: Dave Ewart

wikipedia_title: Dave Ewart


text:
Major-General
Anson family
London
Major-General
Sir William Anson, 1st Baronet
Woolwich Common
England
Ireland
Scotland
Crimea
Mauritius
Madagascar
India
Lieutenant Governor of Penang
Penang Riots
Governor of Straits Settlements
Sussex
Limerick
Hastings Borough Cemetery
Order of St. Michael and St. George
Anson baronets

categories: 1826 births,Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George,Royal Artillery officers,British Army generals,British Army personnel of the Crimean War,1925 deaths,Anson family,Governors of Penang,Younger sons of baronets,Governors of the Straits Settlements

paragraph: Edward Anson

paragraph: Major-General Sir Archibald Edward Harbord Anson , , (16 April 1826 – 26 February 1925), was a British military commander from the Anson family.

paragraph: Section::::Background and education.

paragraph: Anson was born at 32 Devonshire Place, London, the youngest son of Major-General Sir William Anson, 1st Baronet, and Louisa Frances Mary Dickenson, only child of John Dickenson, by Mary Hamilton his wife, only child of Charles Hamilton, son and heir of Lord Archibald Hamilton, 7th son of William, 3rd Duke of Hamilton. He had three brothers and three sisters, one of whom was his twin sister Louisa Frances Maria. He was taught Latin grammar by his father before he went to school. In 1834 he went to Reverend Dr. Pincknay's School and later in 1837 to Mr. Miller's school on Woolwich Common.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Anson's military experience began from 1844 to 1847. He served in England, Ireland and Scotland from 1847–1855, Crimea 1855, Mauritius 1857–1862, and Madagascar 1862–1865. He returned to England and, after serving with the army in India, was appointed as the last Lieutenant Governor of Penang from 1867 to 1882. In his memoirs "About Others and Myself", he describes the feeling of depression upon his appointment as Penang's Resident Councillor. It was during his appointment that the Penang Riots occurred. When the riots ended he negotiated a peace agreement between the contending parties; Red Flag and Tua Pek Kong members against the White Flag and the Ghee Hin. At that time he was the Acting Governor of Straits Settlements for several occasions between 4 March 1871 – 22 March 1872, 3 November 1873 – 4 November 1873, 3 April 1877 – 29 October 1877 and 10 February 1879 – 16 May 1880. Upon retirement from the Royal Army, he was appointed as honorary Major-General. He later served as Sussex Inspector-General of Police and was a justice of the peace.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Anson married in Limerick on 9 January 1851 to Elizabeth Mary Bourchier (who died 23 September 1891), daughter of Richard Bourchier, and by her, he had two sons and one daughter: Archibald John George Anson (1851–1929), Elizabeth Mary Louisa Anson (1852–1934), and John William Henry Anson (1856–1889). He married secondly on 15 May 1906 to Isabelle Jane Armistead (who died 11 May 1923), daughter of Robert Armistead of Dunscar, Lancashire.

paragraph: Sir Edward Anson died, aged 98, in February 1925 and is buried at Hastings Borough Cemetery, Hastings, East Sussex.

paragraph: Section::::Awards and honours.

paragraph: Anson was invested with Companion of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and St. George (CMG) in 1876 and Knight Commander of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael and St. George (KCMG) in 1882.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anson baronets

alias:
Sir Edward Anson
Archibald Edward Harbord Anson

description: British Army general

wikidata_label: Edward Anson

wikipedia_title: Edward Anson


href: jongleur troubadour Quercy Salignac-Eyvigues Vida%20%28Occitan%20literary%20form%29 Canso%20%28song%29 sirventes descort Azalais%20of%20Toulouse

text:
jongleur
troubadour
Quercy
Salignac
vida
cansos
sirventes
descort
Azalais of Toulouse

paragraph: Giraut de Salignac

paragraph: Giraut (or Guiraut) de Salignac (or Salinhac) was a jongleur and troubadour from the Quercy. His castle was Salignac. According to his "vida" he composed "cansos", "sirventes", and "descortz", though only one "canso" and one "descort" survive. His composition were characterised, so his biographer says, by "grace and skill". He may have written under the patronage of Azalais of Toulouse, whom he mentions in his poetry. His name is sometimes erroneously given as Guilhem.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Egan, Margarita, ed. "The Vidas of the Troubadours". New York: Garland, 1984. .

description: French troubadour

wikidata_label: Giraut de Salignac

wikipedia_title: Giraut de Salignac


text:
Ukrainian Canadian
ice hockey
goaltender
Coventry Blaze
Elite Ice Hockey League
Medicine Hat Tigers
2001
2005
2003 NHL Entry Draft
Carolina Hurricanes
American Hockey League
ECHL
Central Hockey League
Eisbären Berlin
2009–10 DEL season
Heilbronner Falken
DEL2
Dresdner Eislöwen
Eisbären Berlin
Deutsche Eishockey Liga
Dresdner Eislöwen
DEL2
EIHL
Coventry Blaze
2004
WHL
airBC Trophy
2005

categories: Carolina Hurricanes draft picks,Albany River Rats players,Las Vegas Wranglers players,Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Germany,Sportspeople from Edmonton,1985 births,Medicine Hat Tigers players,Heilbronner Falken players,Eisbären Berlin players,Gwinnett Gladiators players,Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in England,Corpus Christi Icerays players,Ice hockey people from Alberta,Canadian people of Ukrainian descent,Living people,Alaska Aces (ECHL) players,Providence Bruins players,Dresdner Eislöwen players,Lowell Lock Monsters players,Idaho Steelheads (ECHL) players,Coventry Blaze players,Canadian ice hockey goaltenders,Florida Everblades players

paragraph: Kevin Nastiuk

paragraph: Kevin Nastiuk (born July 20, 1985) is a Ukrainian Canadian ice hockey goaltender, currently playing for Coventry Blaze of the UK's Elite Ice Hockey League (EIHL).

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.

paragraph: Nastiuk played junior hockey with the Medicine Hat Tigers from 2001 through 2005 and was drafted in the fourth round of the 2003 NHL Entry Draft by the Carolina Hurricanes. Nastiuk had played for several teams in the American Hockey League, ECHL and Central Hockey League before joining Eisbären Berlin in the later stages of the 2009–10 DEL season.

paragraph: He stayed until 2012 and then signed with German second-division side Heilbronner Falken for the 2012-13 campaign. For the following season, he moved to fellow DEL2 club Dresdner Eislöwen, where he spent two years, before returning to Eisbären Berlin of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga in July 2015.

paragraph: Nastiuk also played for Dresdner Eislöwen of the DEL2 in Germany, before moving to the UK to sign for EIHL side

paragraph: Coventry Blaze in June 2017.

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004 – WHL airBC Trophy

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005 – WHL East Second All-Star Team

description: Canadian ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Kevin Nastiuk

wikipedia_title: Kevin Nastiuk


text:
papal legate
Cardinal
Pistoia
Pope Pius II
cardinal-nephew
doctorate in utroque iure
University of Siena
bishop of Teano
Papal States
Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta
Fano
Deifobo d'Anguillara
Papal conclave, 1464
Pope Paul II
Papal conclave, 1471
Sixtus IV
Biblioteca Forteguerriana
Viterbo
Santa Cecilia in Trastevere
Cathedral of Pistoia
Monument to Niccolò Fortiguerri
Verrochio
Monument to Fortiguerra

categories: 1473 deaths,Condottieri,1419 births,People from Pistoia,Italian cardinals,Cardinal-nephews

paragraph: Niccolò Fortiguerra

paragraph: Niccolò Fortiguerra (also spelled Forteguerri) (1419 – 21 December 1473) was an Italian papal legate, military commander, and Cardinal.

paragraph: Born at Pistoia, he was related to Pope Pius II and is counted as a cardinal-nephew. He had a doctorate in utroque iure from the University of Siena.

paragraph: He became bishop of Teano in 1458, and Cardinal in 1460. In 1462 he campaigned in the Papal States against Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, taking Fano. Later, in 1465, he defeated Deifobo d'Anguillara in battle. Fortiguerra was unable to participate in the Papal conclave, 1464, which elected Pope Paul II. He did participate in the Papal conclave, 1471 which elected Pope Sixtus IV.

paragraph: He endowed a library, the Biblioteca Forteguerriana, in Pistoia.

paragraph: He died at Viterbo in 1473 and was buried at his titular church in Rome, Santa Cecilia in Trastevere. The Cathedral of Pistoia has a cenotaph Monument to Niccolò Fortiguerri, partially sculpted in the 15th-century by Verrochio. There is a 19th-century outdoor statue Monument to Fortiguerra in Piazza di Santo Spirito of Pistoia.

description: cardinal from Italy

wikidata_label: Niccolò Fortiguerra

wikipedia_title: Niccolò Fortiguerra


text:
Taira clan
Japan
Taira no Yoshimasa
Chinjufu-shōgun
Kantō region
bushi
Tengyō
Heian period
Japanese history
Tengyō no Ran
Hitachi Province
Shimotsuke
Kōzuke Province
Emperor
Kyoto
bounty
Taira no Sadamori
Fujiwara no Hidesato
Shimōsa Province
Edo
Tokyo
Ōtemachi
Tokyo Bay
Takiyasha
Sōma
Kyoto
demigod
malevolent spirit
deity
Kanda
Tsukudo Jinja
Ōtemachi
Fujiwara no Sumitomo
Kaze to Kumo to Niji to
Yoshikawa Eiji
Teito Monogatari
historical fantasy
Hiroshi Aramata
Tokyo
Sōma clan
John Wiley and Sons
"Japan Encyclopedia."
Harvard University Press
OCLC 48943301
Yoshikawa
Waley, P.
Lafcadio Hearn

categories: Japanese folk religion,940 deaths,Superstitions of Japan,Rebellions in Japan,Japanese rebels,Taira clan,People from Chiba Prefecture,Japanese ghosts,Year of birth unknown,Sōma clan,Japanese warriors killed in battle,10th century in Japan,Shinto in Tokyo

paragraph: Taira no Masakado

paragraph: Section::::History.

paragraph: Masakado was a member of the Kammu Taira clan of Japan. He was the son of Taira no Yoshimasa, "Chinjufu-shōgun". His childhood name was Sōma no Kojirō (相馬小次郎). Taira no Masakado was a powerful landowner in the Kantō region. He is regarded as the first "bushi" because he was the first to lead a self-governing party.

paragraph: His life is detailed in the "Shōmonki", a detailed book about his life believed to have been completed as early as the 940s by an anonymous author. Due to the religious and political nature of the account, it was most probably written by a monk or aristocrat closely connected to Masakado himself.

paragraph: In 939 ("Tengyō 2, 12th month") during the Heian period of Japanese history, Masakado led a minor rebellion which is also known as "Tengyō no Ran." The armed struggle began when Masakado led an attack on an outpost of the central government in Hitachi Province, capturing the governor. In December of that year, he conquered Shimotsuke and Kōzuke Provinces; and he claimed the title of Shinnō (New Emperor).

paragraph: Masakado killed his uncle Kunika who was part Taira. The central government in Kyoto responded by putting a bounty on his head, and fifty-nine days later his cousin Taira no Sadamori, whose father Masakado had attacked and killed, and Fujiwara no Hidesato, killed him at the Battle of Kojima (Shimōsa Province) in 940 and took his head to the capital.

paragraph: The head found its way to Shibasaki, a small fishing village on the edge of the ocean and the future site of Edo, which later became Tokyo. It was buried. The "kubizuka", or grave, which is located in the present day Ōtemachi section of Tokyo, was on a hill rising out of Tokyo Bay at the time. Through land reclamation over the centuries, the bay has receded some three kilometers to the south.

paragraph: After Masakado's death, his daughter Takiyasha continued living in the ruins of his former palace, in the lands of the Sōma.

paragraph: Section::::Deification.

paragraph: When Masakado was preparing for his revolt, a vast swarm of butterflies appeared in Kyoto, a portent of the upcoming battle.

paragraph: Over the centuries, Masakado became a demigod to the locals who were impressed by his stand against the central government, while at the same time feeling the need to appease his malevolent spirit. The fortunes of Edo and Tokyo seemed to wax and wane correspondingly with the respect paid to the shrine built to him at the "kubizuka" — neglect would be followed by natural disasters and other misfortunes. Hence, to this day, the shrine is well maintained, occupying some of the most expensive land in the world in Tokyo’s financial district facing the Imperial Palace.

paragraph: Other shrines which he is deity of include (located in Kanda), and Tsukudo Jinja (which has multiple locations.)

paragraph: His tomb (which contains only a monument to his head) is near exit C5 of Tokyo's Ōtemachi subway station.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fujiwara no Sumitomo, The rebellion leader of the same time

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kaze to Kumo to Niji to, a Japanese drama

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yoshikawa Eiji, historical fiction

paragraph: BULLET::::- Teito Monogatari, a historical fantasy novel by Hiroshi Aramata providing a speculative retelling of the history of Tokyo in which the curse of Masakado influences the development of the city

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sōma clan - Even today, the Soma Nomaoi (相馬野馬追) horse-riding festival organized by Taira no Masakado is celebrated

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Friday, Karl F. (2008). "The First Samurai: the Life & Legend of the Warrior Rebel Taira Masakado"  New York: John Wiley and Sons. ;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). "Japan Encyclopedia." Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ; OCLC 48943301

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yoshikawa, Eiji. (1989) "Yoshikawa Eiji Rekishi Jidai Bunko" ("Eiji Yoshikawa's Historical Fiction"), Vol. 46: "Taira no Masakado" (平の将門). Tokyo: Kodansha.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Waley, P. "Tokyo Now & Then". First Edition (1984). John Weatherhill, Inc. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lafcadio Hearn Kwaidan. First edition (1904). Houghton Mifflin & Co.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.mackinnon.org/masakado-home.html

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://english.tsukudo.jp/

description: Samurai who led one of the largest insurgent forces in the period against the central government

wikidata_label: Taira no Masakado

wikipedia_title: Taira no Masakado


text: Neustadt an der Weinstraße

text: Hannover

text: electrical engineer

text: television

text: Closed-circuit television

text: PAL

text: colour television

text: Telefunken

text: Hannover Technical University

text: Werner von Siemens Ring

text: Neustadt an der Weinstraße

text: German Empire

text: Hochschule Mittweida

text: Saxony

text: Technical University of Berlin

text: Manfred von Ardenne

text: Dénes von Mihály

text: telecine

text: Telefunken

text: 1936 Summer Olympics

text: Berlin

text: Iconoscope

text: Paris International Exposition

text: World War II

text: closed-circuit television

text: Peenemünde

text: V-2 rocket

text: NTSC

text: SECAM

text: differential phase distortion

text: European Broadcasting Union

text: Hans Rosenthal

text: eponym

text: David Sarnoff

text: Eduard Rhein Ring of Honor

text: Eduard Rhein Foundation

text: Golden Camera

text: German Society for Photography

text: Werner von Siemens Ring

categories: German inventors,People from Neustadt an der Weinstraße,1908 births,Members of the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art,1990 deaths,Werner von Siemens Ring laureates,German electronics engineers,People from the Palatinate (region),German electrical engineers,Television pioneers

paragraph: Walter Bruch

paragraph: Walter Bruch (2 March 1908, Neustadt an der Weinstraße – 5 May 1990, Hannover) was a German electrical engineer and pioneer of German television. He is the inventor of Closed-circuit television. He invented the PAL colour television system at Telefunken in the early 1960s. In addition to his research activities Walter Bruch was an honorary lecturer at Hannover Technical University. He was awarded the Werner von Siemens Ring in 1975.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was born in Neustadt an der Weinstraße, German Empire. At his father's request he attended a business school, but then trained as a machinist apprenticeship in a shoe factory. From 1928 he attended the university of applied science "Hochschule Mittweida" in Saxony. After that, he was a guest student at the Technical University of Berlin, where he met Manfred von Ardenne and the Hungarian inventor Dénes von Mihály.

paragraph: From the early 1930s Bruch was involved in the development of television technology: in 1933 he presented a "people's television receiver" with a self-built telecine. In 1935 he started work as a technician in the Television and Physics research Department of Telefunken which was headed by Professor and where developed a special television camera for the 1936 Summer Olympics. The Summer Olympic Games of 1936 in Berlin became a milestone for audiovisual technology and Bruch was able to field test the first Iconoscope camera, developed by Emil Mechau based on a tube by . One year later, at the Paris International Exposition, he introduced an iconoscope television unit that he had designed. During World War II he operated a closed-circuit television system installed at the Peenemünde launch site, so that the V-2 rocket launches could be watched at a safe distance from a bunker.

paragraph: In 1950 Telefunken commissioned him to develop the first post-war television receivers. Some time later, he returned to physics research and later colour television. He studied and thoroughly tested the American NTSC system and what would later become the French SECAM system. His work led him and co-workers like and Dr. Kruse to devise a new colour television system that automatically corrected for the differential phase distortion that can occur along the transmission channel.

paragraph: On 3 January 1963 he gave the first public presentation of the Phase Alternation Line System to a group of experts from the European Broadcasting Union in Hannover. This is considered to be the date of birth of the PAL-Telefunken system, which was later adopted by more than thirty countries (at present, more than one hundred). When interviewed by German talk show host Hans Rosenthal on why he had named it the "PAL system", Bruch replied that certainly no German would want to have a ""Bruch-System"" had his family name been used as the eponym; "Bruch" in German is synonymous with "broken".

paragraph: He received the David Sarnoff Medal from the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers in 1971 and the Eduard Rhein Ring of Honor from the German Eduard Rhein Foundation in 1981.

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1967: Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany; Knight Commander's Cross with star

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1968: (Golden Camera 1967)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1973: Culture Award, German Society for Photography

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1975: Werner von Siemens Ring

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1979: Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria; Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1982: (Lower Saxony State Prize), for Science

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1986: Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.radiomuseum.org/forum/45_years_anniversary_of_walter_bruchs_pal_color_television.html

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://www.hs-mittweida.de/index.php?id=1698

description: German electrical engineer

wikidata_label: Walter Bruch

wikipedia_title: Walter Bruch


text: Moesia

text: Serbia

text: Moesia

text: Constans

text: Illyria

text: Constans

text: Magnentius

text: Constantina

text: Constantine the Great

text: Gibbon

text: Constantius II

text: Persia

text: Augustus

text: Heraclea in Thrace

text: Persian war

text: Constantia

text: Naissus

text: Sirmium

text: Serdica

text: Constantine I

text: Prusa ad Olympum

text: Bithynia

text: Philostorgius

text: Vetranio coinage

categories: 356 deaths,Monarchs who abdicated,4th-century Roman emperors,Year of birth unknown,Caesar emperors,4th-century Roman usurpers

paragraph: Vetranio

paragraph: Vetranio (; died c. 356), sometimes incorrectly referred to as Vetriano, was a Roman soldier, statesman and co-Emperor, a native of the province of Moesia (in modern Serbia).

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.:Early life.

paragraph: Vetranio was born in the almost uncivilized regions of the Roman province of Moesia, sometime in the late 3rd century, to low-born parents. His early professions are unknown, but it is evident that very early in his youth he joined the army.

paragraph: Though unlettered, Vetranio rose rapidly through the ranks from obscurity, being ultimately elevated by Constans to the government of Illyria. He held this command during a long period, and by the time of Constans' death (A.D. 350, January) was considered an officer of popularity and experience. After the murder of Constans by the usurper Magnentius, Constantina, Constans' sister and the daughter of Constantine the Great asked the aged Vetranio to assume the purple. She most likely thought Vetranio could protect her family and herself against the usurper, and merely hoped to secure his fidelity, though Gibbon credits her notoriously unscrupulous ambition for the scheme, suggesting interested motives on her part. In any case, Constantius II was then embroiled in a dangerous struggle with the king of Persia, and she may have doubted her brother's resolution.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.:Emperor.

paragraph: Vetranio accepted the purple, and coins were minted in his name, showing the title of Augustus (full emperor), rather than Caesar, and the coins indicated that he expected to rule for five years, and hoped for ten. Constantius was not initially disinclined to accept the election of the Illyrian emperor, but the latter soon joined himself to the cause of Magnentius, and the two presented a united front against Constantius II in their embassy to his court at Heraclea in Thrace, whither he had arrived from the Persian war. They offered him the senior title in the Empire, and Magnentius proposed to wed his daughter to Constantius, himself to marry Constantia the emperor's sister. But they required that the emperor lay down his arms and ratify their claims to the western provinces. Constantius, supposedly inspired by his father Constantine in a nocturnal vision, indignantly declined the offer.

paragraph: Constantius, however, designed to conceal his enmity to Vetranio, and, while disdaining negotiation with Magnentius, speciously conceded his (Vetranio's) claims and title, wishing to reconcile him to his cause for the war against Magnentius. The vacillating Illyrian accepted the rapproachment, again uniting himself to the house of Constantine. Constantius met with Vetranio either at Naissus, or Sirmium, or at Serdica, to unite their strength for the war.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.:Sardica.

paragraph: Constantius presently threw off the disguise. On 25 December 350, in a scene contrived by officers in Vetranio's army well-disposed towards Constantius, the two emperors mounted a tribunal to address the assembled legions; Constantius succeeded, by means of a strong speech, in which he invoked the glories of the house of Constantine I, to have the Illyrian legions acclaim him sole emperor. Vetranio threw himself on the ground and begged Constantius' clemency. The emperor gently raised the aged general by the hand, honoring him with the name of father, and gave him instant pardon.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.:Later life and death.

paragraph: Later he was dismissed in peace. Though dismissed from his command, he was allowed to live the remainder of his years as a private citizen on a state pension in Prusa ad Olympum, Bithynia. He lived a further six years, dying in simple happiness. He is said to have recommended to Constantius as his friend, during his happy retirement in Brusa, that peace could only be obtained in a private station.

paragraph: See Philostorgius 3.22 for detail on his rise to power.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- , "Vetranio (350 A.D.)", in "DIR" (1996).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vetranio coinage

paragraph: BULLET::::- Most complete internet database of known coin types of Vetranio

description: Roman emperor

wikidata_label: Vetranio

wikipedia_title: Vetranio


text:
King Faisal
Queen Iffat
Mohammed bin Faisal
Saud bin Faisal
Luluwah bint Faisal
Sara bint Faisal
Turki bin Faisal
September 11 attacks
Omar al-Bayoumi
hijackers
California
thyroid
cashier's check
Riggs Bank
Omar al-Bayoumi
charitable donation
Zakat
House of Saud
FBI
Osama bin Laden
Shaikh Omar Abdul-Rahman
deported
Khalid al-Mihdhar
Nawaf al-Hazmi
Los Angeles
San Diego
9/11 Commission Report
David D. Aufhauser
Adam B. Drucker
Al Riyadh
Riggs Bank
Washington, D.C.
Bandar bin Sultan
Iffat
Hassa
Effat University

paragraph: Haifa bint Faisal

paragraph: Haifa bint Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, also called Haifa Al Faisal, () (born 1950) is a member of the House of Saud.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Haifa bint Faisal was born in 1950. She is the daughter of King Faisal and Queen Iffat. She is the full sister of Mohammed bin Faisal, Saud bin Faisal, Luluwah bint Faisal Sara bint Faisal and Turki bin Faisal.

paragraph: Section::::9/11 funding allegations.

paragraph: After the September 11 attacks, she was investigated for a sequence of payments allegedly made to a Saudi national by the name of Omar al-Bayoumi, who is known to have assisted two of the hijackers upon their arrival in Southern California, and who himself is suspected of being a Saudi intelligence asset. Investigation has confirmed that some of the payments were in fact forwarded to al-Bayoumi's wife, Manal Bajadr; the significance of these payments (and the extent to which they may have assisted the hijackers) is unclear.

paragraph: In April 1998, Osama Basnan, a Saudi national living in California, wrote to Haifa requesting money for his wife's needed thyroid surgery. Haifa sent Basnan $15,000, although his wife, Majeda Dweikat, was not actually treated for another two years.

paragraph: At some later point (accounts vary as to when; dates between November 1999 and March 2000 were given, and a Saudi government official put the onset at 4 December 1999), Haifa began sending monthly cashier's checks to Dweikat of either $2,000 or $3,500, transporting them through Riggs Bank. Dweikat signed some of these checks over to her friend Manal Bajadr, wife of Omar al-Bayoumi. The payments continued through May, 2002 and eventually totaled as much as $73,000. (This sort of charitable donation known as Zakat from members of the House of Saud to Saudi nationals living abroad is not particularly unusual.)

paragraph: Osama Basnan had been under suspicion for many years. In 1992, the FBI had received information suggesting a connection between him and a terror group later associated with Osama bin Laden. In 1993, there were reports that Basnan hosted a party for Shaikh Omar Abdul-Rahman. According to an anonymous U.S. official, Basnan "celebrated the heroes of September 11" shortly after the attacks, and talked about "what a wonderful, glorious day it had been." In interviews and investigations after the attack, Basnan has given sharply contradictory testimony about monies received and his relationship with Bajadr and al-Bayoumi. Basnan was deported on 17 November 2002.

paragraph: Omar al-Bayoumi was the husband of Manal Bajadr, who received some of the monies from Dweikat. Al-Bayoumi had several intriguing connections to two of the hijackers: Khalid al-Mihdhar and Nawaf al-Hazmi. He met them in a restaurant soon after the two had first arrived in Los Angeles, and convinced them to move to San Diego. He picked out an apartment for them, co-signed the lease, and loaned them $1,500 to pay their rent.

paragraph: Al-Bayoumi then moved in across the street from them and assisted them in other not-so minor ways: he helped open a bank account, obtain car insurance, get Social Security cards and call flight schools in Florida—and also threw a welcoming party for the hijackers, during which he introduced them to the local Muslim community.

paragraph: Some of al-Bayoumi's other activities—for example, his habit of videotaping commercial and governmental facilities in the San Diego area—were conspicuous enough to give rise to rumors that he was a Saudi agent.

paragraph: Once this story became known, it was thoroughly investigated. (Some of these investigations led to the Riggs Bank scandals of 2003 and 2004.) Although there are still many questions about al-Bayoumi and Basnan, the 9/11 Commission Report asserts, in footnote 122, that the hijackers al-Midhar and al-Hazmi did not receive any funding from them: "We have found no evidence that Saudi Princess Haifa al Faisal provided any funds to the conspiracy, either directly or indirectly.". (The quote itself comes either from David D. Aufhauser of the U.S. Treasury Department, or Adam B. Drucker, of the FBI.)

paragraph: The Report does not provide further detail, or primary source material that would substantiate its claim that the Faisal-Bayoumi transfers "did not" "directly or indirectly" assist the hijackers; it simply rests on the fact that the burden of proof for any argument that the transfers "did" assist the hijackers has not been met by available evidence.

paragraph: Section::::9/11 funding allegations.:Her and her family's reaction.

paragraph: According to the Saudi daily, "Al Riyadh", Haifa became "so terrified" that she asked that all checks drawn against her bank account with the Riggs Bank in Washington, D.C. since 1994 be examined. In 2002, in regard to the accusations against Prince Turki, her brother, stated "Any allegations about money from my sister reaching the hijackers is allegation and half-truths and totally untrue."

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Haifa is the spouse of Bandar bin Sultan. They have eight children, four daughters and four sons.

paragraph: Haifa told that when she saw Bandar first, she had a feeling she would marry him. After four years, in 1972 they married. She said that their marriage was not a pre-arranged one. Her mother, Iffat, was a friend of Bandar's grandmother, Hassa. She further said that her mother also liked Bandar.

paragraph: Haifa is chairperson of Zahra Breast Cancer Association and a board member of Effat University.

alias:
Haifa bint Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Haifa bint Faisal Al Saud

description: Member of House of Saud

wikidata_label: Haifa bint Faisal

wikipedia_title: Haifa bint Faisal Al Saud

wikipedia_title: Haifa bint Faisal


text:
Latin
Western Roman Emperor
Magister militum per Gallias
Magnus Maximus
Western Roman Empire
Gratian
Theodosius I
augustus
Valentinian II
Pannonia
Aquilea
Trier
Arbogast
Magnus Maximus
Magister militum per Gallias
Gaul
Western Roman Empire
Britain
Gratian
Gaul
Spain
Theodosius I
augustus
Italy
Valentinian II
Thessalonica
Eastern Roman Empire
Rufinus
Orthodoxy
Eunapius
Galla
Pannonia
Siscia
Poetovio
Trier
Arbogast

categories: 4th-century executions,Executed Roman emperors,4th-century murdered monarchs,Flavii,4th-century births,388 deaths,4th-century Roman usurpers,Valentinian dynasty

paragraph: Victor (emperor)

paragraph: Victor (Latin: "Flavius Victor Augustus"; Unknown – August 388AD) was a Western Roman Emperor from either 383/384 or 387 to August 388. He was the son of the Magister militum per Gallias Magnus Maximus, who later became an usurper of the Western Roman Empire, in opposition to Gratian. Maximus rose up in 383, and was recognized as the legitimate emperor in the west by Theodosius I. Victor was elevated to "augustus" of the Western Roman Empire in either 383/384 or mid-387, making him co-emperor with his father. Maximus invaded Italy, in 387, to depose Valentinian II, the brother and successor of the late Gratian. Because of Maximus' invasion, Theodosius invaded the Western Roman Empire in 388. Theodosius defeated Maximus in two battles in Pannonia, before crushing his army at Aquilea, and capturing Maximus. Maximus was executed on 28 August 388. His death was followed quickly by Victor's, who was executed where he had stayed in Trier by the Frankish General Arbogast.

paragraph: Section::::History.

paragraph: Flavius Victor was born at an unknown date, to Magnus Maximus, the Magister militum per Gallias (Master of the Soldiers in Gaul), and future usurper of the Western Roman Empire. Maximus was declared emperor in July 383AD while in Britain, in opposition to Gratian. Maximus held control over both Gaul and Spain, and was recognized by Theodosius I, the Eastern Roman Emperor, as the true Western Roman Emperor.

paragraph: Victor was elevated to "augustus" of the Western Roman Empire either 383/384 or mid-387, making him co-emperor with his father Magnus Maximus. It is considered highly likely that Maximus had the intent of establishing a dynasty, as the number of coins minted that bore Victor's image was greater even than the number bearing Maximus'.

paragraph: Magnus Maximus invaded Italy in late 387, in order to depose Valentinian II, the brother of Gratian. He gained control of Italy, although he failed to capture Valentinian, who fled to Thessalonica in the Eastern Roman Empire. Once there, Valentinian sent multiple appeals to Theodosius, although for several months they were ignored. Theodosius I then agreed to restore Valentinian II to the throne, although the reasoning for this is disputed. Rufinus says that Valentinian agreed to convert to Orthodoxy, whereas Eunapius says that Valentinian offered his sister, Galla, in marriage to Theodosius, whose wife had recently died, in exchange for assistance in regaining the throne. News that Theodosius was marching to invade the Western Roman Empire arrived in late spring 388, leading Maximus to rush to put together a defence force. His army was defeated twice in Pannonia, at Siscia and Poetovio, before retreating to Italy, where they were crushed in battle on 28 August 388, near Aquilea. During this battle, Maximus himself was captured, and quickly beheaded. Victor, who was still in Gaul, was executed in Trier by the Frankish general Arbogast in the same month.

description: emperor of the Western Roman Empire

wikidata_label: Flavius Victor

wikipedia_title: Victor (emperor)


text: Taj Mahal

text: Fredericks Goldman Jones

text: Jean-Jacques Goldman

text: Michael Jones

text: Springfield, Massachusetts

text: Bennettsville, South Carolina

text: Big Band

text: Saint Kitts

text: Grammy

text: Taj Mahal

text: Harlem Renaissance

text: West Indian

text: African

text: California

text: Mo' Roots

text: Music Fuh Ya'

text: Evolution

text: Odetta

text: Dalida

text: Johnny Hallyday

text: Hugues Aufray

text: Carlos

text: Sylvie Vartan

text: Laurent Voulzy

text: Michel Berger

text: France Gall

text: Eddy Mitchell

text: Jean-Claude Pascal

text: Luxembourg

text: Eurovision Song Contest

text: Gilbert Bécaud

text: Scandinavia

text: Mireille Mathieu

text: Claude Berri

text: Roman Polanski

text: Walter Matthau

text: Johnny Hallyday

text: Mylène Farmer

text: François Feldman

text: Patricia Kaas

text: Julien Clerc

text: Liane Foly

text: Jean-Jacques Goldman

text: Fredericks Goldman Jones

text: Entre gris clair et gris foncé

text: Alexandre Arcady

text: Mylène Farmer

text: Vanessa Paradis

text: Véronique Sanson

text: Michael Jones

text: Fredericks Goldman Jones

text: À nos actes manqués

text: Sur scène

text: Eric Clapton

text: Elton John

text: The One

text: Iron Curtain

text: Rouge

text: Red Army Choir

text: Red Army Choir

text: Du New Morning au Zénith

text: MySpace.com video

text: D'eux

text: Céline Dion

text: Springfield

text: Springfield

text: Aretha Franklin

text: the Beatles

text: Sam and Dave

text: Mahalia Jackson

text: Erick Benzi

text: Jean-Jacques Goldman

text: En passant

text: Jean-Jacques Goldman

text: Vanessa Paradis

text: Jean-Paul Belmondo

text: Alain Delon

text: Dailymotion.com video

text: Céline Dion

text: S'il Suffisait D'aimer

text: Springfield

text: Couleurs et Parfums

text: Couleurs et Parfums

text: Couleurs et Parfums

text: Faudel

text: Allan Théo

text: Bruno Pelletier

text: Liane Foly

text: Dailymotion.com video

text: Le Lido

text: Roch Voisine

text: Taratata

text: Daniel Balavoine

text: Dailymotion video

text: AIDS

text: Make-a-Wish Foundation

text: Amnesty International

text: Les Enfoirés

text: Les Restos du Cœur

text: Coluche

text: Véronique Colucci

text: Dakar

text: Senegal

text: Montmartre Cemetery

text: Eglise Notre-Dame de Clignancourt

text: CDF Music Legacy, LLC

text: Fredericks Goldman Jones

text: American Association of Teachers of French

text: Tralco Educational Services

text: Couleurs et parfums: Apprendre le français grâce à l'héritage de Carole Fredericks

text: Carole D. Fredericks Foundation, Inc.

text: Northeast Conference on the Teaching of Foreign Languages

text: Jean-Jacques Goldman

text: Springfield

text: Couleurs et Parfums

text: Fredericks Goldman Jones

text: Jean-Jacques Goldman

text: Rouge

text: Red Army Choir

text: Sur scène

text: Jean-Jacques Goldman

text: Du New Morning au Zénith

text: Jean-Jacques Goldman

text: Elton John

text: The One

text: Duran Duran

text: Big Thing

text: Greatest

text: Taj Mahal

text: Mo' Roots

text: Music Fuh Ya'

text: Evolution

text: Satisfied 'N Tickled Too

text: Celine Dion

text: D'eux

text: Falling into You

text: S'il suffisait d'aimer

text: Johnny Hallyday

text: Sang pour sang

text: Ça ne change pas un homme

text: Cadillac

text: Jean-Jacques Goldman

text: En passant

text: Entre gris clair et gris foncé

text: Fredericks Goldman Jones

text: Liane Foly

text: Faudel

text: Julien Clerc

text: Patricia Kaas

text: Dans ma chair

text: Mylène Farmer

text: Cendres de Lune

text: Francis Cabrel

text: France Gall

text: Hubert-Félix Thiéfaine

text: Florent Pagny

text: Vanessa Paradis

text: Variations sur le même t'aime

text: Roselyne et les lions

text: Pirates

text: Taratata

text: LES RESTOS DE CŒUR

text: Yannick Noah

text: En Concert (Mylène Farmer album)

text: Rouge

text: Dailymotion video

text: Roch Voisine

text: Taratata

text: Daniel Balavoine

text: Jean-Jacques Goldman

text: Dailymotion video

text: Liane Foly

text: Dailymotion.com video

text: Couleurs et Parfums

text: Dailymotion.com video

text: Celine Dion

text: Eddie Floyd

text: Taratata

text: Jean-Jacques Goldman

text: Aretha Franklin

text: Du New Morning au Zénith

text: MySpace.com video

text: Florent Pagny

text: Edwin Hawkins

text: Les Enfoirés

text: Isabelle Boulay

text: YouTube.com video

text: INTERNATIONAL SONGWRITING COMPETITION

text: Taj Mahal

text: JUST PLAIN FOLKS (JPF) MUSIC AWARDS

text: Springfield

categories: Musicians from Springfield, Massachusetts,American expatriates in France,Burials at Montmartre Cemetery,1952 births,2001 deaths,American female singers,20th-century American singers,African-American singers

paragraph: Carole Fredericks

paragraph: Carole Denise Fredericks (June 5, 1952 – June 7, 2001) was an American singer best known for her work in French music. She was the younger sister of Taj Mahal.

paragraph: Between 1990 and 1996 she was in the trio Fredericks Goldman Jones alongside singer-songwriter Jean-Jacques Goldman and Welsh–French guitarist Michael Jones.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early Years.

paragraph: Carole Denise Fredericks was born in Springfield, Massachusetts, on June 5, 1952, the youngest of Mildred and Harry Fredericks' five children. She and her siblings were raised in Springfield and were educated in the public school system. Her mother who was originally from Bennettsville, South Carolina, sang with Big Bands and on Sundays was the lead singer for a local gospel choir. Her father, the son of immigrants from the island of Saint Kitts, was a pianist and wrote arrangements for jazz trios. Growing up in her household, Fredericks was exposed to music from around the world. Her parents encouraged creative expression in all their children. Fredericks' brothers and sister developed careers in art, music, dance and theatre. Her eldest brother is Grammy-winning blues musician, Taj Mahal.

paragraph: Her parents, who came of age during the Harlem Renaissance, instilled in their children a sense of pride in their West Indian and African ancestry through their stories. Fredericks never got to know her father. When she was two years old, he was killed in a construction accident, crushed by a tractor when it flipped over. Although her mother would remarry later, the loss of her father left Fredericks with grief that remained with her the rest of her life.

paragraph: By the time she was 20, Fredericks was living in Oakland, California. A year after her graduation from Classical High School, she persuaded Taj Mahal to send for her. Upon her arrival in San Francisco, He put Fredericks to work as a background vocalist on a number of his albums – "Mo' Roots"; "Music Fuh Ya'"; "Together"; and "Evolution". To supplement the income from session work, Carole was employed as a receptionist for the Pacific Personnel Services. She was one of 71 voices in the New Generation Singers Gospel Choir (Oakland, California) and performed with Odetta in the stage play "Look What A Wonder". Fredericks organized a trio – piano, bass and voice – and booked singing engagements on the weekends.

paragraph: In an interview from "OH LA! Magazine" she said: "I was part of a choir for three years and I was doing backup work. It was not enough to sustain a comfortable lifestyle and I started to get sick and tired of this life. I refused to get by on my brother's name. During this period, I was working in San Francisco at a French restaurant, La Belle Helene. Some of the patrons would often suggest that I go to France. They said I would do very well there. They were very convincing and without knowing a bit of French, I left it all. I bought a one-way ticket and I was off to Paris. Everyone thought I was crazy."

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Arrival in France.

paragraph: Fredericks arrived in France to pursue a singing career in January 1979. Fredericks met the owner of La Belle Helene at the airport.

paragraph: "He called his friends and I found myself working almost immediately. I started to sing everywhere. It was barely three weeks after my arrival that I was signed with Carla Music to record a disco album entitled "Black Orchid"."

paragraph: One of the songwriters for "Black Orchid" was another American singer, Ann Calvert. Through Calvert, Fredericks met Baltimore native Yvonne Jones. Together they formed a trio of background vocalists that were in demand by leading recording artists – Dalida, Johnny Hallyday, Hugues Aufray, Carlos and Sylvie Vartan.

paragraph: Fredericks was determined to learn French as quickly as possible. As her knowledge improved, engagements extended from the studio to the stage. By 1985, Fredericks had established herself as a singer and performing in concerts with Laurent Voulzy, Michel Berger, France Gall and Eddy Mitchell. In 1981 she was a backing singer for Jean-Claude Pascal on the Luxembourg entry to the Eurovision Song Contest, tying for eleventh place.

paragraph: In 1985, Fredericks was featured in the Gilbert Bécaud spectacular. Later that year, she toured Scandinavia with Mireille Mathieu. She was cast in "Je vous aime" by Claude Berri and in Roman Polanski's "Pirates" opposite Walter Matthau. Other film roles followed.

paragraph: Fredericks' knowledge of the French language greatly contributed to her success. By now Fredericks was singing with leading Francophone artists – Johnny Hallyday, Mylène Farmer, François Feldman, Patricia Kaas, Julien Clerc, and Liane Foly.

paragraph: Her reputation brought her name to the attention of Jean-Jacques Goldman.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Fredericks Goldman Jones.

paragraph: Carole's good fortune resulted in a telephone call from Jean-Jacques, asking her to sing on his next album and tour with him.

paragraph: ""That was a turning point for my life. He had seen me shine in my little corner; he allowed me to take center stage,"" said Carole. Jean-Jacques and Carole collaborated on a number of significant film soundtracks and albums projects.

paragraph: In September 1987, Carole went into the studio with Jean-Jacques Goldman to record background vocals on his album "Entre gris clair et gris foncé". She then toured with him for a year, August 1988 to August 1989.

paragraph: Jean-Jacques asked Carole to record "Brother", the theme song for the film "L'UNION SACRÉE" by Alexandre Arcady in 1989. In between projects with Jean-Jacques, Carole continued to go out on tour this time with Mylène Farmer and she was in the studio working on albums for Vanessa Paradis and Véronique Sanson.

paragraph: Jean-Jacques invited Carole to join him and second guitarist, Michael Jones, on stage. Almost immediately, Carole was catapulted into prominence with the release of their debut album "Fredericks Goldman Jones". The album went Diamond, selling 600,000 copies in the first 6 months, 1 million copies in the first year. Fredericks Goldman Jones toured extensively throughout Europe, South East Asia, Japan, Africa and the French-speaking world. It also resulted in one of the best known songs by the trio titled "À nos actes manqués".

paragraph: Fredericks Goldman Jones released a second album "Sur scène" in 1992. The album reached Platinum sales.

paragraph: Fredericks was asked to sing on an album project with Eric Clapton and Elton John. She sang on "Runaway Train" for the Elton John album "The One".

paragraph: After the Iron Curtain collapsed, Fredericks Goldman Jones visited Moscow to record their third album "Rouge". The album featured the voices of Russia's Red Army Choir. Fredericks Goldman Jones and the Red Army Choir embarked on an international tour. The album skyrocketed to Diamond status.

paragraph: For their next album, Fredericks Goldman Jones recorded a live performance at a Paris night club. The album featured the sweaty trio singing selections from their earlier albums. The result was - "Fredericks Goldman Jones" "Du New Morning au Zénith". In a breakout performance, Carole took command of the stage supported by Becky Bell and Yvonne Jones, Jean-Jacques, Michael Jones and the entire band showcasing three R&B classics - Aretha Franklin's "Think" MySpace.com video, "Knock on Wood" , and "Tobacco Road". The gritty club atmosphere, performance spontaneity and realism were captured on film then released as a music video. The album and subsequent DVD went Platinum.

paragraph: In 1995 Jean-Jacques wrote a new album, "D'eux" for Céline Dion. Carole, Yvonne Jones and Becky Bell were asked to provide background vocals for the album. "D'eux" became a breakthrough international hit for Céline Dion and was released in the United States under the name "The French Album". D'EUX / THE FRENCH ALBUM sold a record 9 million copies worldwide to become the best selling French-language album of all time.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Solo career.

paragraph: At this point, Carole began writing songs for her own solo project.

paragraph: Carole recorded "Springfield", the first of two solo albums, in July 1996. Named after her hometown in Western Massachusetts, "Springfield" was dedicated to her mother, Mildred, who died just before the album was completed.

paragraph: ""She is no longer of this world but she is always with me. The gift that I have, I received it from her,"" said Carole.

paragraph: "Springfield" pays tribute to those who influenced Carole's music and became her idols: Aretha Franklin, the Beatles, Sam and Dave, and Mahalia Jackson. She decided to sing what she knew best: gospel and the blues. Gildas Arzel provided the music with arrangements by Erick Benzi. Carole wrote 12 original songs collaborating with Jacques Veneruso, Jean-Jacques Goldman, Christophe Satterfield and Yvonne Jones. Springfield also showcased "You Had It Comin", a rare duet with older brother Taj Mahal. Recorded entirely in English, "Springfield" was released to rave reviews in France, Belgium and Switzerland. Carole embarked on a solo European tour with her band "Les Dragons".

paragraph: Carole was joined by Maria Popkiewicz and Yvonne Jones in the studio to add vocals to "En passant", the newest solo album by Jean-Jacques Goldman.

paragraph: "Run Away Love", a single from the album "Springfield" debuted as the theme song to an action film "Une Chance sur Deux" starring Vanessa Paradis, Jean-Paul Belmondo, and Alain Delon.

paragraph: Carole recorded "Personne Ne Saurait", a duet with the all-boy group "Poétic Lover". Dailymotion.com video The song was written by Goldman and Jacques Veneruso. The CD single generated "best in sales in its class for autumn 1998" on the pop charts. A celebrity, Carole made the rounds for talk shows and television interviews.

paragraph: Jean-Jacques took time out to write a second album for Céline Dion, "S'il Suffisait D'aimer". Carole returned to the studio to lend her vocal support on the album.

paragraph: Carole followed the success of "Springfield" with an all French album "Couleurs et Parfums" in 1999. The album name was no accident – ""I love color,"" she said. ""It's like life, the sun, it's smiling. As for perfume, I always wear the same mixture of an extract of coconut oil and of Nocturne de Caron. That is my signature.""

paragraph: "Couleurs et Parfums" was the natural evolution of an artist coming into her own. Again Carole surrounded herself with good friends and musicians – Yvonne Jones, Jean-Jacques Goldman, Jacques Veneruso and newcomer, Frédéric Kocourek. Together they created a rap, rhythm and blues inspired album. Everything came together ... Carole's early experiences in America and her love affair with France found full expression on "Couleurs et Parfums"' 11 original tracks.

paragraph: Four hit singles emerged from "Couleurs et Parfums"...

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Personne ne Saurait" (debuted in August 1998 with Poétic Lover)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Qu’est-ce qui t’amène?" (debuted April 30, 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Respire" (debuted September 27, 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Prix a Payer" (April 16, 2000 debuted with only radio promotion )

paragraph: December 2–11, 1999 Carole headlined as a solo act in Paris at Saint-Germain-des-Prés Auditorium. She shared the stage with invited guests: Jean-Jacques Goldman, Faudel, Allan Théo, Bruno Pelletier, Michael Jones, Kani Curry of" Poétic Lover" and Nicole Amovin.

paragraph: Liane Foly and Carole Fredericks perform "Une femme amoureuse / A Woman in Love" before a studio audience for the music television show, TAPIS ROUGE on France2.

paragraph: Dailymotion.com video

paragraph: Carole ended the 1900s with a performance on December 31, 1999 at the world famous "Le Lido" in Paris. Early in 2001, Carole Fredericks performs with Roch Voisine the new single release "L’Aziza" on the studio television show, Taratata. Following the performance, Carole and Roch are interviewed. "L’Aziza" was written by Daniel Balavoine and was a great anti-racist hit by this French humanist singer-songwriter in the 1980s.

paragraph: Dailymotion video

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Philanthropy / Charity.

paragraph: Carole contributed to concerts and on recordings for AIDS victims, the Make-a-Wish Foundation, and Amnesty International. She performed for nine seasons with Les Enfoirés on behalf of Les Restos du Cœur, an organization set up by French humorist, Michel Coluche (whose former wife Véronique Colucci took over at his death), to care for the hungry and homeless in France.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Death.

paragraph: Two days after her 49th birthday, Fredericks died of a heart attack in Dakar, Senegal, on June 7, 2001. At the request of the French Minister of Culture, Fredericks was buried in Montmartre Cemetery. On June 18, a funeral service was held for her at Eglise Notre-Dame de Clignancourt, the church that stands across from her apartment in the 18th district.

paragraph: Montmartre Cemetery

paragraph: 20 Avenue Rachel

paragraph: 75018 Paris, France

paragraph: 23rd Division - Avenue Carrière

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Legacy.

paragraph: Popular in France and in Europe for more than two decades, Fredericks was relatively unknown in the United States. In the last ten years, her surviving siblings and French language educators have raised awareness about her career by employing Fredericks' music to teach the French language.

paragraph: In May 2002, a year after her death, the Fredericks family (Connie Fredericks-Malone and brothers, blues icon, Taj Mahal, Edward Fredericks, Richard Fredericks and Osborne Williams) established CDF Music Legacy, LLC, a family company dedicated to preserving their late sister's legacy. CDF Music Legacy secured the world rights to all of Fredericks’ solo recordings in France.

paragraph: In 2003, CDF Music Legacy secured permission to create French teaching materials that used Fredericks’ catalog of music including the songs recorded with the group, Fredericks Goldman Jones. In tribute to her memory, Carole Fredericks’ biography, songs and music videos were transformed into Activity Books that formally combined popular French music and teaching methodology. "Tant Qu’Elle Chante, Elle Vit! Apprendre le français grâce à l'héritage de Carole Fredericks" was introduced to educators at the American Association of Teachers of French conference in Martinique.

paragraph: By 2004 her solo albums, "Springfield" and "Couleurs et parfums" were available for the first time in the United States. Later that same year, CDF Music Legacy joined forces with Tralco Educational Services (Hamilton, Ontario, Canada) to develop a second Activity Book based on Fredericks’ French-language album. In 2005 "Couleurs et parfums: Apprendre le français grâce à l'héritage de Carole Fredericks" was released in Quebec, Canada, at the American Association of Teachers of French Conference.

paragraph: Both "Tant Qu’Elle Chante, Elle Vit!" and "Couleurs et parfums" Activity Books are used by teachers of French in more than 2000 K-12 schools and 65 colleges and universities throughout the United States, Canada and as far away as Singapore.

paragraph: On August 18, 2006, the family and a team of French language educators established the Carole D. Fredericks Foundation, Inc., a nonprofit 501(c)(3) charitable organization devoted to promoting the study of French as a second language, the study of francophone cultures and the preservation of Fredericks’ musical legacy. The Foundation publishes the activity books, and develops related methodologies that employ her music.

paragraph: Also in 2006, Carole Fredericks’ life and contribution to the study of French were recognized posthumously by the Northeast Conference on the Teaching of Foreign Languages. Fredericks and Taj Mahal received the James W. Dodge Memorial Foreign Language Advocate Award in recognition of the potential of music to foster intercultural communication and to maintain cultural heritages.

paragraph: Jean-Jacques Goldman wrote the following comments in a note that was read at the NECTFL ceremony.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Solo albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Black Orchid" (1979, Carla Music)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Springfield" (1996, M6 Interactions)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Couleurs et Parfums" (1999, BMG)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Studio albums / Groups.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fredericks Goldman Jones" (1990, CBS) with Jean-Jacques Goldman and Michael Jones

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rouge" (1993, Columbia) with Red Army Choir, Jean-Jacques Goldman and Michael Jones

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pluriel: The Best of Fredericks Goldman Jones 1990 - 1996" (2000)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Live albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sur scène" (1992, Columbia) with Jean-Jacques Goldman and Michael Jones

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Du New Morning au Zénith" (1995, Columbia) with Jean-Jacques Goldman and Michael Jones

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Compilations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Enfoirés La Compil’ (volume 2)" (2001 EMI Music)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Enfoirés en 2000" (2000, BMG)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Enfoirés Dernière édition avant l'an 2000" (1999, BMG)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Enfoirés en coeur" (1998, WEA Music)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Zénith des Enfoirés" (1997, BMG)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Soirée des Enfoirés 96" (1996, WEA Music)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Enfoirés La Compil’ " (1996, WEA Music)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pluriel 90/96" (1996, Columbia) with Jean-Jacques Goldman and Michael Jones

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Enfoirés à l'Opéra-Comique" (1995, TSR)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Enfoirés au Grand Rex" (1994, WEA Music)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Enfoirés chantent Starmania" (1993, Columbia)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La soirée des Enfoirés à l'Opéra" (1992, Columbia)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Other Credits.

paragraph: Carole Fredericks is credited with performances on these albums:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elton John, "The One"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Duran Duran, "Big Thing, , Greatest"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Taj Mahal, "Mo' Roots; Music Fuh Ya'; Together; Evolution, Satisfied 'N Tickled Too"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Celine Dion, "D’Eux / D’Elles, All The Way – A Decade of Song, The Collector's Series Vol. I, D'eux (The French Album), Falling into You, S'il suffisait d'aimer"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Johnny Hallyday, "Sang pour sang; Ça ne change pas un homme, Cadillac"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean-Jacques Goldman, "Singulier 81 – 89, En passant, Entre gris clair et gris foncé, Fredericks Goldman Jones by Jean-Jacques Goldman"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Liane Foly, "Cameleon"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Faudel, "Samra"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Julien Clerc, "Si j’étais elle"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vincent Baguian, "Mes Chants"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Patricia Kaas, "Dans ma chair"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mylène Farmer, "Cendres de Lune, L’Autre"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Francis Cabrel, "Samedi Soir Sur La Terre"

paragraph: BULLET::::- France Gall, "Evidemment Integrale"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hubert-Félix Thiéfaine, "H. F. T en Concert, Vol. 1, La Tentation du Bonheur"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Florent Pagny, "Florent Pagny" [Box Set]

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vanessa Paradis, "Variations sur le même t'aime"

paragraph: Carole was the voice of featured characters in two Alan Simon children's albums:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Enfants du Futur" (Walt Disney Records/Fr, 1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Petit Arthur" (Polygram Music/ Les Editions de l'Enchanteur, 1995)

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.:Movies.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tom est tout seul" (1995) ... La chanteuse noire

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Roselyne et les lions" (1989) ... La Grenouille

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les deux crocodiles" (1987) ... Mamoudou, femme de Julien

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les frères Pétard" (1986) ... La chanteuse

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Love You" (1986) ... Angèle

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pirates" (1986) ... Surprise

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.:Self –Television.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Taratata 1993 -2001

paragraph: BULLET::::- LES RESTOS DE CŒUR 1992 - 20001

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.:Self - Video.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Prix a Payer" (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Personne ne saurait" (1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Respire" (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Qu'est-ce qui t'amene?" (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "L'Odyssée des Enfoirés" (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yannick Noah Enfants De La Terre Tennis – Concert 2000

paragraph: BULLET::::- Les Enfoirés en 2000

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean-Jacques Goldman INTEGRALE DES CLIPS 1981/2000

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean-Jacques Goldman Souvenirs de Tournées (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- les Enfoirés : Dernière édition... avant l'an 2000–1999

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fredericks Goldman Jones Du Morning Au Zenith (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Enfoirés en coeur" (1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Poetic Lover" (1998 Documentary)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Zénith des Enfoirés" (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Run Away Love" (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Change" (1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Soirée des Enfoirés 96" (1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- les Enfoirés à l'Opéra-Comique (1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fredericks Goldman Jones Tours et Détours (1995 Documentary concert video)

paragraph: BULLET::::- les Enfoirés au Grand Rex (1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- les Enfoirés chantent Starmania (1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- La Soirée des Enfoirés à l'Opéra (1992)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "En Concert (Mylène Farmer album)" (1990 Documentary concert video)

paragraph: Section::::Important performances.

paragraph: 2002 "Hommage à Carole Fredericks", Time: 5:15 Dailymotion.com

paragraph: In his 2002 tour, "Un Tour Ensemble", Goldman paid tribute to his fallen friend, Carole Fredericks. During the concert, Michael Jones and Goldman sang "Juste Après", a song from the Rouge album made famous by the trio. Midway through the song a screen was lowered and film footage of Carole was shown as her voice is heard singing with them. Dailymotion video

paragraph: 2001 "L’AZIZA", Time: 7:59 Dailymotion.com

paragraph: Early in 2001, Carole Fredericks performs with Roch Voisine the new single release "L’Aziza" on the studio television show, Taratata. Following the performance, Carole and Roch are interviewed. "L’Aziza" was written by Daniel Balavoine and suggested by Jean-Jacques Goldman for Voisine's new album.

paragraph: Dailymotion video

paragraph: 1999 "Une femme amoureuse / A Woman in Love", Time : 4:32

paragraph: Liane Foly and Carole Fredericks perform "Une femme amoureuse / A Woman in Love" before a studio audience for the music television show, "Tapis Rouge" on France2.

paragraph: Dailymotion.com video

paragraph: 1998 "Personne ne saurait", Time 4:37

paragraph: Carole Fredericks and Poetic Lovers perform "Personne ne saurait" for M6 Hit television and studio audiences. "Personne ne saurait" was written by Jean-Jacques Goldman and Jacques Veneruso. Released on the "Couleurs et Parfums" album.

paragraph: Dailymotion.com video

paragraph: 1995 "Knock On Wood", Time 4:47

paragraph: Celine Dion, Carole Fredericks, Jean-Jacques Goldman, Michael Jones and company perform Eddie Floyd's "Knock on Wood" for Taratata TV5 studio and television audiences.

paragraph: 1995 "Think", Time: 2:36

paragraph: Carole Fredericks, Jean-Jacques Goldman, Michael Jones, Yvonne Jones, Becky Bell perform Aretha Franklin's "Think" live for New Morning audience. Recorded for Fredericks Goldman Jones album, "Du New Morning au Zénith".

paragraph: MySpace.com video

paragraph: 1994 "Oh Happy Day", Time 5:15

paragraph: Carole Fredericks, Florent Pagny, Chérubins de Sarcelle choir perform Edwin Hawkins’ classic gospel song "Oh Happy Day" for Les Enfoirés Au Grand Rex live concert and television audiences.

paragraph: "Le pénitencier / House of the Rising Son", Time: 4:23

paragraph: Isabelle Boulay avec/with Carole Fredericks,

paragraph: Tapis Rouge Television show

paragraph: YouTube.com video

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: 2008 INTERNATIONAL SONGWRITING COMPETITION

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Reason To Stay" (Gildas Arzel / Carole Fredericks) - Honorable Mention in the "Blues" category

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Shine" (Erick Benzi / Carole Fredericks) - Honorable Mention in the "Gospel / Christian" category

paragraph: 2006 JAMES W. DODGE AWARD

paragraph: The 53rd Annual Northeast Conference on the Teaching of Foreign Languages awarded Carole Fredericks (posthumous award) and her brother, blues musician Taj Mahal, the James W. Dodge Memorial Foreign Language Advocate Award in recognition of the spotlight they shine on the vast potential of music to foster genuine intercultural communication and to maintain cultural heritages.

paragraph: 2004 JUST PLAIN FOLKS (JPF) MUSIC AWARDS

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Springfield" - Best Gospel Album

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Shine" (Erick Benzi / Carole Fredericks) - Best Gospel Song

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Save My Soul" (Erick Benzi / Carole Fredericks) - Best Gospel Song, 2nd Place

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- www.cdfmusiclegacy.com CDF Music Legacy, LLC website

paragraph: BULLET::::- www.caroledfredericksfoundation.org Carole D. Fredericks Foundation, Inc. website

paragraph: BULLET::::- www.carolefredericks.net Official Fan Website (French Language)

description: American singer

wikidata_label: Carole Fredericks

wikipedia_title: Carole Fredericks


text:
Heer
World War II
Berlin
Führerbunker
artillery
lieutenant
Panzer Group Kleist
Invasion of France
Paris
Tremblay-en-France
Ourcq
infantry
mortar
Iron Cross
Eastern Front
Italian Campaign
invasion of the Soviet Union
Helmuth Weidling
West Germany
United States
Ohio
Oscar
Downfall
Adolf Hitler
Sudetenland Medal
Wound Badge
Iron Cross
General Assault Badge
Eastern Front Medal

categories: 2008 deaths,German autobiographers,German prisoners of war in World War II held by the Soviet Union,1917 births,Recipients of the Iron Cross (1939), 1st class,German emigrants to the United States

paragraph: Siegfried Knappe

paragraph: Siegfried Knappe (15 January 1917 – 1 December 2008) was an officer in the German Army ("Heer") during World War II. Towards the end of the war, Knappe was stationed in Berlin, where he gave daily briefings at the Führerbunker.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: As a young artillery lieutenant ("Leutnant der Artillerie") in Panzer Group Kleist, Siegfried Knappe participated in the Invasion of France. Knappe was decorated for actions that took place on the night of 14 June 1940. The actions took place in the Paris area, south of Tremblay-en-France, at the Ourcq canal. A group of French sailors had apparently not been informed of the decision to declare Paris an open city. As a result, they were defending a bridge with machine guns from a house across the canal. After German infantry failed to clear the area with mortar fire, artillery support was requested.

paragraph: Although Knappe was the Battalion Adjutant and it was not his duty to man the gun, he moved up to the front with the infantry. Because the area was wooded, the 105 mm gun had to be brought up and fired almost at point blank range directly into the house. The German infantry was hidden behind a building by the bridge, where the gun was maneuvered, but in order to fire all seven crew members would be exposed to machine gun fire. On the mark, the gun was moved, aimed, and fired. Three of the seven crew members were wounded but the machine gun nest was destroyed. This action opened the road for the infantry.

paragraph: Knappe was wounded by a bullet entering the back of his hand and exiting through his wrist. On 19 June 1940, he was evacuated. For his bravery, Knappe received the Iron Cross 2nd Class. He also received the Black Wound Badge for his wounds.

paragraph: Knappe went on to fight on the Eastern Front and the Italian Campaign. While participating in the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, he received the Iron Cross 1st class for his bravery, in particular for leading artillery attacks from forward positions.

paragraph: Knappe was also wounded an additional three times in the course of his career. After attending General Staff College, he rose to the rank of Major. Knappe ended the war fighting in Berlin while a member of General Helmuth Weidling's staff.

paragraph: Section::::Post-war.

paragraph: After five years of captivity in the Soviet Union, Knappe was released to West Germany in 1949. Knappe emigrated to the United States with his wife, Lieselotte ("Lilo"; nee Brecht), who died in 2002, and their children, and settled in Ohio. There he wrote his memoir, "Soldat". ("Soldat" is German for "soldier".)

paragraph: Section::::In media.

paragraph: The Oscar-nominated film "Downfall" (2004), about German dictator Adolf Hitler's last days, was based in part on Knappe's memoirs.

paragraph: Section::::Awards and decorations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sudetenland Medal

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wound Badge (1939)

paragraph: BULLET::::- in Black

paragraph: BULLET::::- in Silver

paragraph: BULLET::::- Iron Cross (1939)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2nd Class

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1st Class

paragraph: BULLET::::- General Assault Badge

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eastern Front Medal

description: German writer

wikidata_label: Siegfried Knappe

wikipedia_title: Siegfried Knappe


text:
Cuban
revolutionary
Ten Years' War
Camagüey
kingdom of Spain
Barcelona
Madrid
Havana
Spanish
Carlos Manuel de Céspedes
Spanish Army
Bolívar
Julio Sanguily
Battle of Jimaguayú
Henry Reeve
Máximo Gómez
Colt revolver, Navy model 1851
the airport
Agramonte
Matanzas Province
Jagüey Grande

categories: People from Camagüey,1873 deaths,Cuban politicians,People of the Ten Years' War,1841 births,Cuban revolutionaries

paragraph: Ignacio Agramonte

paragraph: Ignacio Agramonte y Loynáz (1841—1873) was a Cuban revolutionary, who played an important part in the Ten Years' War (1868–1878).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born in the province of Puerto Príncipe (what is now the province of Camagüey, kingdom of Spain) on December 23, 1841, to a wealthy family. He went to Barcelona, Madrid, and Havana to study law. On June 11, 1865 he graduated as a lawyer.

paragraph: He returned to Puerto Principe and married Amalia Simoni y Argilagos in August 1868, a woman who was the love of his life and whose family had considerably more wealth than his own.

paragraph: Agramonte stood tall at 6'2". He had fine brown hair, pale skin, and was an expert horseman and fencer. He had a fine mustache and not thick or bushy like it appears in many portraits.

paragraph: When the war of independence against the Spanish broke out in October 10, 1868, he played a pivotal role in the uprising of the province of Camagüey which took place on November 4, 1868. Agramonte himself joined the war a week later, on November 11, 1868.

paragraph: His wife followed him in the struggle, but was captured on May 26, 1870 while pregnant with her second child, who was born in the USA and never met his father.

paragraph: At a conference with other leaders who were trying to make amends with Spain, Agramonte made clear his opinion: "Stop at once all the lobbying, the awkward delays, and the humiliating demands: Cuba's only option is to gain its redemption by tearing itself from Spain through armed force."

paragraph: In February 1869, he and Antonio Zambrana were elected secretaries, a title equivalent to minister, to the provincial government. He was subsequently elected a member and one of two secretaries - minister - of the Cuban Congress in Arms. He was among the signatories of the act that freed the slaves on the island and was the driving force in the drafting of the first Constitution in Cuban history.

paragraph: He resigned his secretarial and ministerial position within the Congress after Carlos Manuel de Céspedes was made president that same year because Agramonte had strong political disagreements with him and knew they could not work together. The Congressional secretaries - ministers - had to work closely with the president.

paragraph: He went on to become Major General of the Cuban forces for the military district of the province of Camagüey, where he organized the best cavalry troops in the Cuban Liberation Army. Showing great vision, in spite of his lack of formal military training, his troops terrified the Spanish Army. The Spaniards knew him to be formidable in battle, and nicknamed him "The Young Bolívar".

paragraph: Agramonte capped his impressive list of military achievements when, on October 8, 1871, he led a daring rescue. His commander, Julio Sanguily, was taken prisoner by more than 120 light cavalry while visiting a farm. Agramonte ordered 35 of his exhausted troops to mount up and track down the Spaniards. He personally led a furious charge, successfully rescuing Sanguily and routing the enemy troop, killing 11 and taking 5 prisoners.

paragraph: Ignacio Agramonte was killed at the Battle of Jimaguayú on May 11, 1873, where he was struck on the head by a stray bullet. The Spanish soldiers stole his wallet and papers, when their officers realized who they had killed, they went back and took the body with them to the provincial capital. His body was cremated by the Spanish authorities in Camagüey for fear that his troops would assault the city to recover the remnants of his body.

paragraph: Henry Reeve - Brigadier General - an American volunteer, and commander of his Cavalry Corps, named him "El Mayor", implying Agramonte was the best of all the Cuban Major Generals. Máximo Gómez succeeded him as Chief Military Commander of the military district of the province of Camagüey.

paragraph: Agramonte used a Colt revolver, Navy model 1851, worked with ivory and gold. He used several machetes and sabres, and was carrying a sabre taken from a Spanish colonel at the time of his death.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Both the airport and the central park in Camagüey are named after him, and his statue is situated in the civic plaza. The equestrian statue of Agramonte in the park that bears his name was unveiled by his widow Amalia Simoni in 1912, it was the work of an Italian sculptor.

paragraph: The Cuban village of Agramonte, located in Matanzas Province and part of the municipality of Jagüey Grande, was renamed after him. Its original name was Cuevitas.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carlos Márquez Sterling (1899). "Agramonte. El Bayardo de la Revolución Cubana." Introducción de Ignacio Rasco. Miami, Florida: Editorial Cubana (1995 reprint).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fermín Peraza y Sarausa La Habana (1943). "Ignacio Agramonte y Loynaz, (23/12/1841, 11/5/ 1873)". Departamento de Cultura, Colección: Publicaciones de la Biblioteca Municipal de la Habana.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Empresa Occidental de Geodesia y Cartografía (1989). "Atlas biográfico Mayor General Ignacio Agramonte y Loynaz". La Habana: Instituto Cubano de Geodesia y Cartografía.

description: Cuban revolutionary

wikidata_label: Ignacio Agramonte

wikipedia_title: Ignacio Agramonte