text: Russia football

categories: Russian expatriate sportspeople in Latvia,Degerfors IF players,1979 births,FC Dynamo Barnaul players,Expatriate footballers in Latvia,Russian footballers,FC Spartak Vladikavkaz players,Russian expatriate footballers,Expatriate footballers in Sweden,FK Ventspils players,Association football midfielders,Living people,Skonto FC players

paragraph: Andrey Agafonov

paragraph: Andrey Valentinovich Agafonov (; born January 29, 1979) is a former Russian professional footballer.

description: Russian footballer

wikidata_label: Andrey Agafonov

wikipedia_title: Andrey Agafonov


text: electronic

text: ambient music

text: Vancouver

text: British Columbia

text: Fierce Light

text: The Big Takeover 2011

text: Igloo Magazine 2010

text: Igloo Magazine 2007

categories: Canadian electronic musicians,Living people,1974 births

paragraph: SubtractiveLAD

paragraph: SubtractiveLAD is the electronic/ambient music project of Stephen Hummel, from Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Giving Up The Ghost" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Suture" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "No Man's Land" (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Apparatus" (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Where The Land Meets The Sky" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Life at the End of the World" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kindred" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Language of Flowers" (2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "First Steps" (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wilderness" (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Paths" (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nucleus" (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sustain/Release" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Valve" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ellipsis" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ritual" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Signal" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Past the Horizon" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Everything We Failed to Be" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Within and Without" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Calm" (2019)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Parabola" (2019)

paragraph: Section::::Film Music.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fierce Light"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Glorious"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Build It"

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://stephenhummel.ca/

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.n5md.com/artists.php?artist=SubtractiveLAD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Articles

paragraph: BULLET::::- P2P :: A potential solution to appease file-sharers and artists?

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interviews

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Big Takeover 2011

paragraph: BULLET::::- Igloo Magazine 2010

paragraph: BULLET::::- [http://www.sicmagazine.net/676/remixing-deconstructing-the-myth/ [sic] Magazine 2010]

paragraph: BULLET::::- Igloo Magazine 2007

description: Canadian musician

wikidata_label: SubtractiveLAD

wikipedia_title: SubtractiveLAD


text: Spanish

text: Mexican

text: Rheology

text: National Prize for Arts and Sciences

text: UNESCO Science Prize

text: Fluid Mechanics

text: University of Toulouse

text: Ph.D

text: Brown University

text: United States

text: Brown Engineering Alumni Medal

text: henequen

text: Yucatan peninsula

text: grain elevator

text: India

text: Southeast Asia

text: UNESCO

text: rock

categories: University of Toulouse alumni,1942 births,UNESCO Science Prize laureates,Rheologists,Mexican rock musicians,Brown University School of Engineering alumni,Mexican mechanical engineers,Spanish engineers,National Autonomous University of Mexico alumni,Musicians from Mexico City,National Autonomous University of Mexico faculty

paragraph: Baltasar Mena Iniesta

paragraph: Baltasar Mena Iniesta (born in 1942) is a Spanish-born Mexican mechanical engineer specialized in Rheology. He has been laureated with Mexico's National Prize for Arts and Sciences (1997), UNESCO Science Prize (2001), and has chaired both the International Committee on Rheology (1984–88) and the Mexican Society of Rheology (1976–97).

paragraph: Mena graduated with a bachelor's degree in Mechanical Engineering from the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM, 1964); specialized in Fluid Mechanics at the University of Toulouse (France, 1967); and earned both a master's degree and a Ph.D in Mechanical Engineering from Brown University (United States, 1969–73), where he also received the Brown Engineering Alumni Medal in 2000.

paragraph: He has developed several patents, including an oscillatory die for polymer extrusion used by the henequen industry in the Yucatan peninsula and an hexagonal solar-powered grain elevator used in Mexico, India and Southeast Asia. According to UNESCO, such design has saved millions of dollars yearly by preventing post-harvest losses.

paragraph: Aside from his academic activities, Mena is also a veteran rock musician, having toured since 1959 with "Los Sonámbulos", "Los Sinners" and "Tequilas". Since 1976 he is the lead singer and guitarist of "Naftalinas", a band with seven albums and over a hundred live performances.

description: Mexican-Spanish rheologist laureated with UNESCO Science Prize (2001)

wikidata_label: Baltasar Mena Iniesta

wikipedia_title: Baltasar Mena Iniesta


text:
Taulantii
Alexander the Great
battle of Pelium
Thebes
Pyrrhus
Aeacides
Beroea
Cassander
Epirus
talents
Cassander
Alcetas II of Epirus
Epidamnos
Pleuratus I
Isocrates
Adriatic
Philip II
Olympias
Epirus
Autariatae
Pleurias
Pelion
army
Philotas
Dardani
cavalry
train
javelin
slingers
infantry
phalanx
squadron
cavalry
formation
infantry
Tirana
Illyrians
Asia
Cassander
Pyrrhus
Molossians
Plutarch
Beroea
Epirus
Apollonia
Corcyra
Shkumbin
Sparta
oligarchy
democrats
Corcyra
Pyrrhus
Illyrian warfare
List of rulers of Illyria

wikipedia_title:
Taulantii
Alexander the Great
Siege of Pelium
Thebes, Greece
Pyrrhus of Epirus
Aeacides of Epirus
Beroea of Epirus
Cassander
Epirus
Attic talent
Cassander
Alcetas II of Epirus
Epidamnos
Pleuratus I
Isocrates
Adriatic Sea
Philip II of Macedon
Olympias
Epirus (ancient state)
Autariatae
Pleurias
Pelion (Chaonia)
Army
Philotas
Dardani
Cavalry
Train
Javelin
Sling (weapon)
Infantry
Phalanx
Squadron (army)
Cavalry
Tactical formation
Infantry
Tirana
Illyrians
Asia
Cassander
Pyrrhus of Epirus
Molossians
Plutarch
Beroea of Epirus
Epirus (ancient state)
Apollonia (Illyria)
Corfu
Shkumbin
Sparta
Oligarchy
Democracy
Corfu
Pyrrhus of Epirus
Illyrian warfare
List of rulers in Illyria

categories: 4th-century BC rulers,4th century BC in Macedonia (ancient kingdom),Illyrian Albania

paragraph: Glaucias of Taulantii

paragraph: Glaucias (; ruled 335 – c. 302 BC) was an Illyrian king of the Taulantii state which dominated Illyrian affairs in the second half of the 4th century BC. Glaucias is first mentioned as bringing a considerable force to the assistance of Cleitus of Dardania, another Illyrian prince, against Alexander the Great, in the battle of Pelium 335 BC. They were, however, both defeated, and Cleitus was forced to take refuge within the Taulantian territories, whither Alexander did not pursue him, his attention being called elsewhere by the news of the revolt of Thebes.

paragraph: We next hear of Glaucias, nearly 20 years later, as affording an asylum to the infant Pyrrhus, when his father Aeacides was driven out of Epirus; Glaucias' wife Beroea belonged to the Molossian Aeacidae. By this measure he gave offence to Cassander, who sought to gain possession of Epirus for himself, and who in vain offered Glaucias 200 talents to give up the child.

paragraph: Not long after, the Macedonian king invaded his territories, and defeated him in battle; but though Glaucias bound himself by the treaty which ensued to refrain from hostilities against the allies of Cassander, he still retained Pyrrhus at his court, and, after the death of Alcetas II of Epirus, in 307 BC, he took the opportunity to invade Epirus with an army, and establish the young prince, then 12 years old, upon the throne. The territories of Glaucias bordered upon those of Apollonia and Epidamnos, and this proximity involved him in frequent hostilities with those states. In 312 BC he gained control of Epidamnus. The date of his death is not mentioned, but it appears that he was still reigning in 302 BC, when Pyrrhus repaired to his court, to be present at the marriage of one of his sons.

paragraph: Section::::Illyrian revolt (335 BC).

paragraph: Section::::Illyrian revolt (335 BC).:Background.

paragraph: In 344 BC, Glaukias' father Pleuratus I engaged in battle with Philip II of Macedon. In a losing effort Pleuratus I, tried to thwart Philip's advances in Illyria and managed to wound Philip himself and fifty of his elite forces on their pursuit. Philip was wounded and lost part of his close group of friends, finally contenting himself with the possession of the Illyrian region of Dassaretia. After this, Isocrates delimits the Taulantii state only to the lands along the Adriatic. It seems that during his early reign, probably before 335 BC, Glaucias and Alexander might have had quite friendly relations, although this is not known for sure. As a royal page Alexander had accompanied his father Philip II on the Illyrian campaigns. In 337 BC he had escorted his mother Olympias to Epirus and gone from there to Illyria where he stayed with one or more kings, perhaps indeed with Glaucias. Alexander might have also had relations living in Illyria at that time and took shelter there when he quarrelled with his father. However, the Taulantii state continued its anti-Macedonian policy until the Illyrians rose in rebellion.

paragraph: Alexander was probably in Agrianian territory when news had reached him of the Illyrian offensive preparations in 335 BC. The Autariatae State under Pleurias planned to attack him from the north, Cleitus the king of the Dardanian State had risen in revolt and Glaucias had entered into an alliance and joined the cause of Cleitus. Cleitus had occupied the city of Pelion, the capital of his forefathers in Dassaretia. Pelion lay on the Illyrian side of Wolf's Pass (Qafa e Ujkut). Since Philip's annexation of this part of Illyria, Lake Prespa lay on the Macedonian side. Pelion at the time was the strongest city in the region and it was favourably situated for attacks into Macedonia.

paragraph: Section::::Illyrian revolt (335 BC).:Battle of Pelion.

paragraph: Alexander found that Cleitus had not only occupied Pelion but also the surrounding heights, which look down on the city and cover the approach to Wolf's Pass. It was evident that he was waiting for Glaucias to arrive. Alexander wanted to strike at Cleitus first. He therefore pitched and fortified a camp on the river Eordaicus in full sight of the Dardanians, and next morning he moved his army up to the wall of Pelion. This move brought the Dardanians down from the heights in order to attack the Macedonians in the flanks and the rear. Alexander promptly about-turned his army and routed the Dardanians.

paragraph: Alexander decided next to build a wall around Pelion, so that he could blockade the city and his army could operate inside its own defences. Next day Glaucias, at the head of a large army, came from the plain of Koritsa through the Tsangon pass and joined forces with Cleitus. Alexander was heavily outnumbered and knew for the first and last time the bitter taste of failure. He acted at once, sending his baggage train of horse-drawn wagons with an escort of cavalry under Philotas to round up supplies in the plain of Koritsa. Glaucias having failed to guard the Tsangon pass with sufficient care, enabled the Macedonians to proceed about their foraging. Glaucias now rectified his mistake and occupied both sides of the pass in the hope of catching Philotas' foraging party on its return. Alexander divided his forces. Leaving sufficient troops with the Dardanian garrison penned up inside Pelion, he marched to the Tsangon pass with the Hypaspists, archers and Agrianians and two squadrons of cavalry, some 5,000 men in total, and cleared the pass. Glaucias' Taulantians did not even put up a fight, and the baggage train returned in safety.

paragraph: The effect of this success could only be short lived in terms of supply. The troops of Glaucias and Cleitus seemed still to have caught Alexander in a difficult position for the Illyrians held the commanding heights with large numbers of cavalry, large numbers of javelin-men and slingers, and had heavy-armed infantry as well. The next morning Alexander's plan was not to retreat, but to advance through the middle of the Illyrian forces, thereby keeping them divided and his own men united. In order to do so, he had to deceive the Illyrians and then seize the narrow passage, namely the Wolf's pass, confined between the river on one side and high cliffs on the other side and admitting only four men abreast at its narrowest point.

paragraph: Next morning the deception was achieved by a superb piece of drill. The Macedonians paraded on the flat plain, without its baggage train, but with its catapults, which led the Illyrians under Glaucias and Cleitus to expect an assault upon the walls of Pelion. The drill was executed by the phalanx in a solid block of men, 100 men wide and 120 men deep, and by a squadron of 200 cavalry on each flank. Glaucias had a grandstand view from the battlements of Pelion and the surrounding heights, was amazed by the precision of the drill and bewildered by the changing movements. Suddenly Alexander formed the left front of the phalanx into a wedge (embolon) and charged Cleitus' troops on the nearest slopes. The Dardanians fled at the mere onset on this attack. Next the Macedonians using warlike threats, forced Glaucias' army to withdraw towards Pelion.

paragraph: Three days later Alexander mounted a night attack. The Illyrians had assumed that Alexander had fled for good, so had bivouacked their men over a wide area and had not built field defences or mount guards. Learning of their dispositions, the Macedonians came back at night, leading the Hypaspists, archers and Agrianians and two phalanx brigades (in all over 7,000 men). The Illyrians were devastated by the Macedonians who struck in a deep formation at the very end of the Illyrian line, killing many in their beds and started a panic which became a rout as the infantry line poured through the gap and rolled up the Illyrian line from east to west. Cleitus and that part of his army under his immediate command, escaped into Pelion, but the rest suffered the thoroughness of the cavalry pursuit which continued to the mountains of Glaucias' state, some 95 km away. Cleitus burnt Pelion in order to not let it fall into the hands of the Macedonians, and went to join Glaucias in the region of what is now Tirana.

paragraph: Section::::Illyrian revolt (335 BC).:Aftermath.

paragraph: The escape and victory of Alexander and his army brought home to the Illyrians how much had changed since they had brought Macedonia to its knees barely 50 years before under the command of Bardyllis. In 334 BC a number of Illyrian infantrymen served in Alexander's expeditionary force and many more Illyrian troops were later to serve Alexander in Asia. Glaucias though defeated by the Macedonians, survived as king for another 30 years.

paragraph: Section::::Adopting Pyrrhus.

paragraph: In 317 BC, six years after the death of Alexander and with power in Macedonia in the hands of Cassander, Glaucias offered asylum to the infant Pyrrhus after the expulsion of his father Aeacides from his kingdom among the Molossians. Plutarch describes that after eluding their pursuers, they arrived in Illyria, and finding Glaucias at home with his wife, they placed the baby on the ground between their feet. Pyrrhus crawled by himself on all fours up to Glaucias and, having caught his robe, rose on his feet by holding onto the King's knees. Glaucias laughed and then sent Pyrrhus to his wife, Beroea, and ordered her to raise him along with his other sons. Although Cassander promised Glaucias 200 talents, he did not hand Pyrrhus over to him. Glaucias' wife Beroea was herself a Molossian princess. Pyrrhus grew to manhood safe with Glaucias in the Taulantii state.

paragraph: In 307 BC, Glaucias invaded Epirus with an army, put the anti-Cassander party in power in Molossia, and placed the twelve-year-old Pyrrhus on the throne with guardians from the anti-Cassander party. In this way Glaucias challenged Macedonia for the second time after the Battle of Pelion in 335 BC. This was not simply a sentimental action by Glaucias, but more an attempt to secure the existence of his own state, constantly under attack from Macedonia by having Epirus as an ally. In 303/2 BC Pyrrhus came to the court of Glaucias, his adoptive father, to attend the marriage of one of his sons.

paragraph: Section::::Tides turn.

paragraph: In 317 BC Glaucias was in league with the two Greek colonies of Epidamnus and Apollonia as well as with the island of Corcyra while Cassander was at a low ebb. In 314 BC Cassander attacked Apollonia. He captured it at the first onslaught. Advancing north and crossing the Genusus (Shkumbin) river, Cassander defeated Glaucias' army, tricked the people of Epidamnus by making a feigned retreat and placed a garrison in the city. Glaucias was left on his throne under a treaty which required him not to attack Cassander's allies.

paragraph: In 313 BC the treaty collapsed. Glaucias laid siege to Apollonia in 312 BC and with the help of the Spartan Acrotatus, took away the Macedonian garrison. Meanwhile, trouble arose in Epirus. Corcyra, taking advantage of this situation, sent help to Apollonia and Epidamnus, overpowered Cassander's garrison in the latter and gave the city to Glaucias. Apollonia was now free and hostile to Macedonia. Before gaining control of Epidamnus, Glaucius' forces were joined by the oligarchy of the city who had been expelled by the democrats and the Corcyraeans.

paragraph: The date of Glaucius' death is not mentioned, but it appears that he was still reigning in 302 BC, when Pyrrhus travelled to his court, to be present at the marriage of one of his sons. It is not sure if Bardyllis II and Pyrrhus both absorbed or inherited the Taulantii state after Glaucias.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Illyrian warfare

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of rulers of Illyria

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Illyrians By John Wilkes Page 124

paragraph: BULLET::::- Who's Who in the Age of Alexander the Great by Waldemar Heckel

description: Illyrian king

wikidata_label: Glaucias of Taulanti

wikipedia_title: Glaucias of Taulantii


text:
Queenslander
Brisbane
colony of Queensland
TB
The Queenslander

wikipedia_title:
The Queenslander
Brisbane
Colony of Queensland
Tuberculosis
The Queenslander

categories: 19th-century Australian artists,1844 births,1890 deaths,Artists from Brisbane

paragraph: Joseph Augustine Clarke

paragraph: Joseph Augustine Clarke (1844–1890) early Queensland artist, painter, journal illustrator and arts-teacher.

paragraph: 'J.A. Clark', as he commonly signed himself, was responsible for the famous 1880 oil painting 'Panorama of Brisbane from Bowen Terrace' and also for all of the famous front pages and title-illustration used in the Queenslander (see illustration on this page) during Lukin's managing editorship of that Journal from 1873 to 1880.

paragraph: Little is known about Clark, except that he was born in England as son of John Clark and Mary Shell and that he came to Brisbane from India about 1870. He was trained at the Department of Science and Art, South Kensington, and had taught at the Bombay School of Design before coming to the colony of Queensland. In Queensland he became a leading artist, art critic and art teacher, a member of the Board of General Education (the predecessor of the Department of Public Instruction) and, in 1872, the North Brisbane School of Arts.

paragraph: It is said that his original migration from England was caused by a 'weak chest' (likely TB). He was certainly a treasured teacher on Brisbane's School of Art, later a 'Drawing Master' at Brisbane Girls Grammar School, next to his work as a painter and as an illustrator (most notably for "The Queenslander", and for 'Bobby' Byrne's weekly the "Queensland Figaro").

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Evans, Susanna: "Historic Brisbane and its Early Artists", Ascot, Brisbane 1882, 119 pages illustrated pp 66–71.

paragraph: BULLET::::- de Vries, Susanna and Jake de Vries: "Historic Brisbane. Convict Settlement to River City". Brisbane, ii19 pages illustrated p p77.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://education.qld.gov.au/library/docs/edhistory/technical/technical-chap1.pdf

description: Australian artist

wikidata_label: Joseph Augustine Clarke

wikipedia_title: Joseph Augustine Clarke


text:
American
film
actress
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Hartford, Connecticut
Dillwyn Parrish
motorcycle
Claymont, Delaware
California
Southwestern United States
Samuel Goldwyn
Eddie Cantor
Gloria Stuart
WAMPAS Baby Star
Shriners
Laguna Beach
Mary Frances Kennedy Fisher
journalist
screenwriter
John Weld
Dana Point, California

categories: 1912 births,20th-century American actresses,Actresses from Hartford, Connecticut,2006 deaths,American film actresses,American publishers (people),People from Orange County, California,Disease-related deaths in California

paragraph: Gigi Parrish

paragraph: Gigi Parrish (August 30, 1912 – February 8, 2006) was an American film actress.

paragraph: She was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts as Katherine Gertrude McElroy and raised in Hartford, Connecticut. Her mother died in 1918, and McElroy and her siblings were put up for adoption. After adoption by a wealthy family, she and her step-siblings were tutored by author Dillwyn Parrish. Although he was eighteen years her senior, the two fell in love, and at the age of fifteen she married Parrish, under the name Gertrude McElroy. For their honeymoon, she and her husband started out on motorcycles from his family's home in Claymont, Delaware, intending to drive across the country to California. Parrish was severely injured in an accident in the Southwestern United States and, once she was physically able, they completed the remainder of the journey via train.

paragraph: In 1929, she and her husband moved permanently to California, where, a few years later, Parrish was signed to a contract with Samuel Goldwyn's motion picture company. In 1933 she made her film debut in "Roman Scandals", starring Eddie Cantor and Gloria Stuart. Parrish became a "WAMPAS Baby Star", touring the country to promote motion pictures through the Shriners sponsorship. In 1934 she appeared in secondary roles in six more films.

paragraph: Gigi and Dillwyn Parrish rented a beach house in Laguna Beach, next door to Mary Frances Kennedy Fisher and her husband Alfred Fisher, with whom they became good friends. Her husband fell in love with Mary Fisher at a point when the marriage was already in difficulty. By the time both couples divorced, Parrish had already fallen in love with journalist and screenwriter John Weld (1905-2003).

paragraph: After appearing in nine films, she gave up her acting career and married Weld in 1937. From 1949 to 1965 she and her husband published "The Laguna Beach Post", at which time she was known as Katherine Weld.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Her husband John Weld died in 2003 in Dana Point, California, aged 98, after 66 years of marriage. Parrish died three years later, aged 93.

description: actress

wikidata_label: Gigi Parrish

wikipedia_title: Gigi Parrish


text:
Lieutenant-General
Bar
MC
British Army
officer
World War I
World War II
Clanfield
Oxfordshire
The Leys School
First World War
Territorial Force
Royal Military Academy, Woolwich
Royal Horse Artillery
Military Cross
Northaw
Michael
Peter
Royal Artillery
12th Royal Lancers (Prince of Wales)
lieutenant
captain
Grand National
Grand Military Gold Cup
Sandown
Staff College, Camberley
major
1st Cavalry Brigade
Richard McCreery
armoured cars
Second World War
retreat to Dunkirk
British Expeditionary Force
Distinguished Service Order
tank
brigade
General Officer Commanding
6th Armoured Division
1st Armoured Division
North African Campaign
Bar
Bernard Montgomery
Eighth Army
X Corps
Second Battle of El Alamein
Brian Horrocks
Second Battle of El Alamein
Alexander Gatehouse
Staffordshire Yeomanry
Winston Churchill
VIII Corps
II Corps
Pacific
United States Army
Douglas MacArthur
kamikaze
United States Navy
Lingayen Gulf
Luzon
Biography of Lumsden
British Army Officers 1939−1945
Generals of World War II

categories: People educated at Eton College,Companions of the Order of the Bath,Graduates of the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich,British military personnel killed in World War II,12th Royal Lancers officers,Recipients of the Military Cross,1897 births,British Army personnel of World War I,Royal Horse Artillery officers,Companions of the Distinguished Service Order,1945 deaths,British Army generals of World War II

paragraph: Herbert Lumsden

paragraph: Lieutenant-General Herbert William Lumsden, & Bar, MC (8 April 1897 – 6 January 1945) was a senior British Army officer who fought in both World War I and World War II. He was the most senior British Army combat casualty of the Second World War.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and military career.

paragraph: Herbert Lumsden was born at Clanfield, Oxfordshire on 8 April 1897, the son of John Lumsden. Educated at The Leys School, at the outbreak of the First World War he was only 17 years old. He served in the ranks with the Territorial Force for ten months before passing into the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich. He was commissioned into the Royal Horse Artillery on 13 August 1916. On 26 July 1918 Lumsden was awarded the Military Cross. The citation read:

paragraph: Section::::Between the wars.

paragraph: On 19 April 1923 Lumsden married Alice Mary Roddick in Northaw. They would have two sons, Michael & Peter. Lumsden continued to serve in the Royal Artillery until 24 June 1925, when he transferred to the 12th Royal Lancers (Prince of Wales), a cavalry regiment. In August he was promoted from lieutenant to captain after eight years in the former rank. He was an ardent horseman, despite his 6 ft height, and participated in a number of Grand Nationals. In 1926 he won the Grand Military Gold Cup at Sandown riding Foxtrot.

paragraph: In 1929 Lumsden attended and passed the Staff College, Camberley course. Promoted to major in 1931, he held staff appointments in the cavalry for the next four years, being GSO3 of Aldershot Command and then Brigade Major of the 1st Cavalry Brigade. After a period of not being employed he became GSO2 at the Staff College, Camberley before being given command, in 1938, of his old regiment, the 12th Royal Lancers in succession to Colonel Richard McCreery. He was still in command of the regiment, now converted to armoured cars, at the outbreak of the Second World War.

paragraph: Section::::Second World War.

paragraph: Lumsden was widely praised for his command of his regiment during the retreat to Dunkirk in 1940 as part of the British Expeditionary Force. For his actions he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO). He was promoted and commanded a tank brigade before being appointed General Officer Commanding (GOC) of 6th Armoured Division in the Home Command in October 1941.

paragraph: On 5 November 1941 he was given command of the 1st Armoured Division. It was in this role that he first saw service in the North African Campaign. A forceful personality, he was wounded twice in 1942 (having to hand over his command from January to March), received a Bar to his DSO and, on his return to service, survived Bernard Montgomery's cull of Eighth Army commanders.

paragraph: Lumsden was appointed commander of X Corps for the Second Battle of El Alamein upon the recommendation of Lieutenant General Brian Horrocks, who turned the command down in his favour.

paragraph: Section::::Second World War.:The Miteiriya Ridge controversy.

paragraph: During the night of 24/25 October 1942, the British assault of infantry and engineers over the Miteiriya Ridge during the Second Battle of El Alamein failed. Despite having agreed to Mongomery's battle plan, Lumsden believed it was impossible for his X Corps armour to fight its way into the open without incurring appalling casualties from uncleared minefields and anti-tank fire. He wanted to pull his tanks back and send them into battle once the assault of infantry and engineers had taken place as originally planned.

paragraph: In the early hours of 25 October, Lumsden argued fiercely with Montgomery that his armour should be pulled back. When Montgomery insisted the attack continue, Lumsden asked one of his tank commanders Major General Alexander Gatehouse commanding 10th Armoured Division, to back him up. In a heated telephone conversation with Montgomery, Gatehouse said that he concurred with Lumsden and that to advance through uncharted and uncleared minefields, covered by strong batteries of anti-tank guns, with the noise of tank tracks making surprise impossible, would be disastrous. Montgomery modified the scope of the attack from six armoured regiments to one: the Staffordshire Yeomanry. It lost all but fifteen of its tanks and the operation ended where it had begun, on the wrong side of the Miteiriya Ridge having failed to break through with the armour.

paragraph: The Allies were victorious at El Alamein but for Lumsden, his confrontation with Montgomery in the heat of battle proved ruinous. Lumsden was replaced by Horrocks, who had previously recommended Lumsden to Montgomery, while Gatehouse was also removed from command. On his return to London, Lumsden was heard to comment, "I've just been sacked because there isn't room in the desert for two cads like Monty and me". After Lumsden's death in 1945 Montgomery, notoriously sensitive to criticism of his generalship, unjustly blamed the near failure of his attack on 24/25 October 1942 on alleged cowardice by Lumsden.

paragraph: Lumsden was liked and respected by Winston Churchill. After his dismissal by Montgomery he was given command of VIII Corps in Britain in January 1943 and command of II Corps in July, before being sent to the Pacific as Winston Churchill's special military representative to United States Army General Douglas MacArthur. Lumsden was killed by a Japanese "kamikaze" plane while on the bridge of the United States Navy battleship in Lingayen Gulf observing the bombardment of Luzon on 6 January 1945, becoming the most senior British Army combat casualty of the Second World War.

paragraph: Section::::Second World War.:-"Time Magazine" obituary.

paragraph: "A General Dies at Sea"

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Biographical Dictionary of British Generals of the Second World War", Nick Smart.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography of Lumsden

paragraph: BULLET::::- British Army Officers 1939−1945

paragraph: BULLET::::- Generals of World War II

description: British Army general

wikidata_label: Herbert Lumsden

wikipedia_title: Herbert Lumsden


text: Anglo-Irish

text: Anglican Church

text: humanist

text: evangelist

text: a missionary to India

text: Calcutta

text: Church Missionary Society

text: Thakurpukur

text: Calcutta School-Book Society

text: Bethune Society

text: Bengal Social Science Association

text: The Asiatic Society

text: Nil Darpan

text: Dinabandhu Mitra

text: Bandon, County Cork

text: a part of the United Kingdom

text: classics

text: Amherst Street

text: Bengal Presidency

text: vernacular

text: Hindu

text: Mussulman

text: Bengali literature

text: Paris Exposition

text: Indigo revolt

text: ryot

text: Bengal

text: Bengali

text: Nil Darpan

text: Dinabandhu Mitra

text: Dacca

text: John Peter Grant

text: Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay

text: Michael Madhusudan Dutt

text: Calcutta Supreme Court

text: rupee

text: Kaliprasanna Singha

text: amoebic dysentery

text: Krishna Mohan Banerjee

text: Bishop Cotton

text: Keshub Chunder Sen

text: serf

text: paranoia towards Russia

text: Russian government

text: Orthodox Church

text: Islam

text: James Long Sarani

text: Indigenous plants of Bengal (1859)

categories: British orientalists,Irish Anglican priests,British Anglican missionaries,People from County Cork,1814 births,Anglo-Irish people,Irish Anglican missionaries,Missionary educators,1887 deaths

paragraph: James Long (Anglican priest)

paragraph: James Long (1814–1887) was an Anglo-Irish priest of the Anglican Church. A humanist, educator, evangelist, translator, essayist, philanthropist and a missionary to India, he resided in the city of Calcutta, India, from 1840 to 1872 as a member of the Church Missionary Society, leading the mission at Thakurpukur.

paragraph: Long was closely associated with the Calcutta School-Book Society, the Bethune Society, the Bengal Social Science Association and The Asiatic Society. He also published the English translation of the play "Nil Darpan" by Dinabandhu Mitra, an act for which he was subsequently prosecuted for libel, fined, and briefly jailed.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: James Long was born in Bandon, County Cork, Ireland in 1814, when Ireland was still a part of the United Kingdom, to John Long and his wife Anne. At the age of twelve he was enrolled at the newly opened Bandon Endowed School, where he learnt "Hebrew, Greek, Latin, French and English languages; Euclid, Algebra, Logic; Arithmetic, Book-keeping, Reading, Writing, History and Geography". He proved an excellent student, distinguishing himself especially in theology and the classics.

paragraph: Long's application to join the Church Missionary Society was accepted in 1838 and he was sent to the Church Missionary Society College, Islington. Following two years's training at Islington the Reverend Long was sent to Calcutta to join the CMS mission there. He arrived in Calcutta in 1840, briefly returning to England in 1848 to marry Emily Orme, daughter of William Orme.

paragraph: Section::::Calcutta and Thakurpukur.

paragraph: From 1840 to 1848, Long taught at the school for non-Christian students run by the CMS at its premises located on Amherst Street. Returning to India a married man in 1848, he was placed in charge of the CMS mission in Thakurpukur, at the time a hamlet a day’s journey out of Calcutta in the Bengal Presidency. By 1851, Long had set up a vernacular school for boys in Thakurpukur, while his wife Emily ran a corresponding school for girls. In an 1854 letter to F. J. Halliday of the Council of Education, he boasts a roll-call of "about 100 boys, Hindu, Mussulman, and Christians." His work "Bengali Proverbs" (1851) has been called a significant addition to Bengali literature. He studied Bengali proverbs and folk literature for another two decades, publishing "A Catalogue of Bengali Newspapers and Periodicals from 1818 to 1855" (1855), and the "Descriptive Catalogue of Vernacular Books and Pamphlets" which was forwarded by the Government of India to the Paris Exposition of 1867 .

paragraph: Section::::Calcutta and Thakurpukur.:The "Nil Darpan" affair.

paragraph: In 1861, at the height of the Indigo revolt by the ryots in Bengal, Long received a copy of the Bengali play "Nil Darpan" (also transcribed as "Neel Darpan" or "Nil Durpan") from its author Dinabandhu Mitra, who had been one of Long's students at the CMS school on Amherst Street. The play, published anonymously the previous year in Dacca, was sympathetic to the abject condition of the ryots or labourers on indigo plantations and critical of the British land-holding class who kept the ryots in slave-like conditions. Long brought it to the notice of Walter Scott Seton-Karr, Secretary to the Governor of Bengal and ex-President of the Indigo Commission. Seton-Karr, sensing its importance, mentioned "Nil Durpan" in conversation with the Lieutenant Governor, John Peter Grant. Grant then expressed a wish to see a translation of it and print a few copies to be circulated privately amongst friends. Long had it anonymously translated into English "By A Native" (Long refused to divulge the name of the translator to the trial court; Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay later attributed the translation to Michael Madhusudan Dutt, although this attribution remains contentious) and printed in either April or May 1861. In his introduction to the play, he wrote that "[i]t is the earnest wish of the writer of these lines that harmony may be speedily established between the Planter and the Ryot..." Long sent the translated manuscript to Clement Henry Manuel, the proprietor of the Calcutta Printing and Publishing Press, to print five hundred copies at the cost of some three hundred rupees. Unknown to the Lieutenant Governor, Long began sending out copies in official Government envelopes to prominent Europeans both in India and abroad that had the heading: "on her Majesty’s Service."

paragraph: The circulation of the play "generated hostility from indigo planters, who brought a lawsuit against Long on the charges that the preface of the play slandered the editors of the two pro-plantation newspapers, the "Englishman" and the "Bengal Hurkaru", and that the text of the drama brought the planters a bad name." As soon as the planters noticed the circulation of the play, W. F. Fergusson, the Secretary of the Landholders' and Commercial Association, wrote to the Governor of Bengal. He inquired as to which parties had sanctioned the play and whether the authority of the Bengal Government had given permission to publish it. He also threatened those who had circulated "foul and malicious libel on indigo planting, evoking sedition and breaches of the peace". He wrote that they must be prosecuted "with an utmost rigour of the law". The Lieutenant Governor replied that some officials had caused the offence; the planters, unsatisfied with the answer, decided to institute legal proceedings with a view to ascertain the authors and publishers of the "Nil Durpan". The words mentioned in Long’s Introduction to the play stated that what was presented in it was "plain but true"; this was subsequently used by the planters in their prosecution of Long for publishing defamatory statements. C. H. Manuel, whose name was mentioned as printer of "Nil Durpan", was indicted in the Calcutta Supreme Court on 11 June 1861. He pleaded guilty, and his counsel (acting on Long’s advice) named Long as his employer in the matter of publishing.

paragraph: Long's trial lasted from 19th to 24th July 1861, at the Calcutta Supreme Court. Mr. Peterson and Mr. Cowie prosecuted, Mr. Eglinton and Mr. Newmarch appeared on behalf of the defendant, and Sir M.L. Wells presided as judge. Wells found Long guilty of libel, fined him one thousand rupees and sentenced him to one month’s imprisonment, which he served in the period of July–August 1861. Kaliprasanna Singha paid the fine of Long's behalf.

paragraph: Section::::Later life and legacy.

paragraph: Following three years of home leave following the indigo controversy, Rev. and Mrs Long returned to Calcutta. Mrs Long died of amoebic dysentery while on a voyage back to England in February 1867. After her death, Long shared a house in Calcutta with the Rev. Krishna Mohan Banerjee, a longtime friend and associate who had lost his wife the same year. Together the two men hosted joint Indo-British soirees—rare events in those segregated times—and generally sought to foster a rapprochement between the British colonizers and the natives. Guests included Bishop Cotton and Keshub Chunder Sen among others.

paragraph: As Long continued his educational work, he developed a keen interest in Russia, which he visited for the first time in 1863, and twice after his retirement in 1872. In his paper entitled "Russia, Central Asia, and British India" published in London in 1865, he wrote of his optimism about the prospects of serf emancipation, and against the current attitude of paranoia towards Russia about the valuable role of the Russian government and of the Orthodox Church in propagating Christianity in central Asia to serve as a bulwark against Islam.

paragraph: In 1872, Reverend James Long retired from the Church Missionary Society and left India for good. He lived for the rest of his life in London, where he continued to write and publish until his death on 23 March 1887. Long set up a posthumous endowment called the "Long Lectureship in Oriental Religions" in 1885, for the appointment of one or more lecturers annually to deliver lectures at certain centres of education in Britain.

paragraph: Rev. Long lends his name to James Long Sarani, a major thoroughfare running through Thakurpukur.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Notes

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bibliography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nandi Bhatia, "Acts of Authority, Acts of Resistance: Theater and Politics in Colonial and Postcolonial India" (Ann Arbor: Michigan University Press, 2007),

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dinabandhu Mitra, "Nil Durpan, or The Indigo Planter’s Mirror", translated by Michael Madhusudhan Dutt, edited by Sudhi Pradhan and Sailesh Sen Gupta (Calcutta: Paschimbanga Natya Academi, 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Geoffrey A. Oddie, "Missionaries, Rebellion and Protonationalism: James Long of Bengal 1814-87" (London: Routledge, 1999),

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kling, Blair B. "The Blue Mutiny: the indigo disturbances in Bengal, 1859-1862". University of Pennsylvania Press, 1977.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lal, Ananda ed. "The Oxford Companion to Indian Theatre". New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2004.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oddie, Geoffrey A. "Social Protest in India: British Protestant missionaries and social reforms, 1850-1900". New Delhi:Manohar, 1979.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roy, Samaren. "Calcutta: Society and Change 1690-1990". Kolkata: iUniverse, 2005.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Indigenous plants of Bengal (1859)

description: British priest

wikidata_label: James Long

wikipedia_title: James Long (Anglican priest)


text:
Benevento/Russo Duo
Cass McCombs
A Big Yes and a Small No
Younger Brother
Shpongle
Tom Hamilton
Furthur
Phil Lesh
Bob Weir
Grateful Dead
tribute band
Joe Russo's Almost Dead
Roland
Play Pause Stop
Jammys
Trey Anastasio
Mike Gordon
Marco Benevento
Younger Brother
Ween
Gene Ween
Bustle in your hedgerow
Scott Metzger
Dave Dreiwitz
Gene Ween Band
Bob Weir
Phil Lesh
Jay Lane
Jeff Chimenti
Dark Star Orchestra
Furthur
Primus
Joe Russo's Almost Dead
Dave Dreiwitz
Marco Benevento
Scott Metzger
Tom Hamilton
Best Reason to Buy the Sun
Play Pause Stop
Joe Russo's Almost Dead
Benevento/Russo Duo

categories: Joe Russo's Almost Dead members,1976 births,20th-century American composers,American male composers,Living people,20th-century American drummers,21st-century male musicians,Younger Brother members,American male drummers,21st-century American drummers,Furthur (band) members,Jammy Award winners,20th-century male musicians

paragraph: Joe Russo (musician)

paragraph: Joe Russo (born December 18, 1976) is an American drummer and half of the Benevento/Russo Duo. He has toured, performed and recorded with a number of other bands, including Cass McCombs, A Big Yes and a Small No, Fat Mama, Robert Walter's 20th Congress, Bustle In Your Hedgerow, Younger Brother, Shpongle, Tom Hamilton's American Babies, the Trey Anastasio/ Mike Gordon duo, the Gene Ween Band, and Furthur (featuring Phil Lesh and Bob Weir of the Grateful Dead). He also plays with the Shpongle Live Band. In 2013 he formed a Grateful Dead tribute band called Joe Russo's Almost Dead.

paragraph: Section::::Musical career.

paragraph: Russo's drumming is fierce and complex (he has been nicknamed "The Madness" and "Octo-Russo" by fans). His Roland SPD-S sampler is often used for electronic drum samples, which play an important role in many of The Duo's compositions, such as "Welcome Red", "Becky", and "My Pet Goat". Two songs appearing on "Play Pause Stop", "Memphis" and "Powder", were written by Russo and feature his guitar playing.

paragraph: Russo has twice won the New Groove award at the Jammys, in 2000 and 2005. In the summer of 2006 he was the drummer in a collaboration with Trey Anastasio, Mike Gordon, and Marco Benevento (sometimes referred to as GRAB or Mike & the Italians).

paragraph: During the fall of 2008, Russo traveled to London to record an album with the band Younger Brother.

paragraph: In December 2008, Russo joined Ween front man Gene Ween and fellow Bustle in your hedgerow band mates Scott Metzger and Dave Dreiwitz for a short east coast tour with an outfit called the Gene Ween Band. On this tour, Joe played his "house kit," which notably includes a rare 30-inch bass drum purchased off of eBay.

paragraph: In Fall 2009, Russo joined Bob Weir, Phil Lesh, Jay Lane, Jeff Chimenti and John Kadlecik (from Dark Star Orchestra) to form the band Furthur. Jay Lane left Furthur in March 2010 to rejoin Primus, and Russo continued to tour with the band as their sole drummer until they disbanded in November 2014.

paragraph: In 2013 Joe Russo formed a band called Joe Russo's Almost Dead with Ween bassist Dave Dreiwitz, Marco Benevento on keyboards and Scott Metzger and Tom Hamilton on vocals and guitars. Joe Russo's Almost Dead interpret the music of the Grateful Dead.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: On September 17, 2011, Joe married Pooja Raj.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Solo.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "phér•bŏney" (2019)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:American Babies.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Debut Album" (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Flawed Logic" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Knives and Teeth" (2013)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Fat Mama.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mamatus" (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Loadstar - Live at Theater '99" (2000)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Benevento/Russo Duo.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Debut Album" (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Darts" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Best Reason to Buy the Sun" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live at Bonnaroo 2005" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Play Pause Stop" (2006)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Joe Russo's Almost Dead official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Benevento/Russo Duo official website

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Joe Russo

wikipedia_title: Joe Russo (musician)


text:
Orthodox
Jewish
rabbi
Austria
Torah
Yeshivas Chasan Sofer
New York City
Kiryat Mattersdorf
Jerusalem
Israel
Chasam Sofer
Mattersdorf
rav
Rebbetzin
yeshiva
Pressburg
Akiva Eger
Shimon Sofer
Kraków
Av
rabbinic ordination
Meir Arik
halakhic
Siebengemeinden
Burgenland
Shabbat
Yom Tov
Anschluss
Saturday
synagogue
services
prayer shawls
Lower East Side
Boro Park
Head Start Program
seminary
Shmuel Binyomin Fisher
Binyomin Paler
maggid shiur
rosh yeshiva
Stamford, Connecticut
Yeshiva Toras Chaim
Denver
Shabbat
family purity
shidduch
Kiryat Mattersdorf
Siebengemeinden
Burgenland
Holocaust
Akiva Ehrenfeld
Talmud Torah
synagogues
nusach Ashkenaz
nusach Sefard
nursing home
Talmud Torah
Petah Tikva
Shavuot
Megillas Rus
eulogies
Yaakov Kamenetsky
Satmar Rebbe
Shneur Kotler
Shmuel Wosner
Yitzchok Yaakov Weiss
Har HaMenuchot
Belzer
Aharon Rokeach

categories: American Haredi rabbis,Burials at Har HaMenuchot,American people of Austrian-Jewish descent,People from Mattersburg District,1980 deaths,Austrian Orthodox rabbis,1891 births,Jewish emigrants from Austria after the Anschluss,Hungarian Orthodox rabbis,20th-century rabbis,Austrian emigrants to the United States,Rosh yeshivas

paragraph: Shmuel Ehrenfeld

paragraph: Shmuel Ehrenfeld (, 1891–1980), known as the Mattersdorfer Rav, was a pre-eminent Orthodox Jewish rabbi in pre-war Austria and a respected Torah leader and community builder in post-war America. He established Yeshivas Chasan Sofer in New York City and taught thousands of students who went on to become leaders of American Torah Jewry. He also founded the neighborhood of Kiryat Mattersdorf in Jerusalem, Israel, where his son and grandson became prominent Torah educators. He was the great-great-grandson of the Chasam Sofer through the Chasam Sofer's daughter Hindel, who married Rabbi Dovid Tzvi Ehrenfeld.

paragraph: Section::::Family background.

paragraph: Shmuel Ehrenfeld was born and raised in Mattersdorf, Austria. His parents were Rabbi Simcha Bunim Ehrenfeld, rav of Mattersdorf, and Rebbetzin Gittel Krauss. His paternal grandfather, Rabbi Shmuel Ehrenfeld (1835–1883), known as the "Chasan Sofer", was one of the oldest grandsons of the Chasam Sofer.

paragraph: In addition to founding the Sofer-Ehrenfeld family line, the Chasam Sofer set the precedent for his family members to serve as rav of the Austrian town of Mattersdorf and head the yeshiva there. Mattersdorf had a Jewish presence going back to the eleventh century. The Chasam Sofer became rav of the town in 1798. When he left to become rav of Pressburg in 1807, he was succeeded in Mattersdorf by his uncle, Rabbi Bunim Eger (brother of Rabbi Akiva Eger), and then by his son, Rabbi Shimon Sofer (the "Michtav Sofer"). When Rabbi Shimon Sofer left to become rav in Kraków, the Chasam Sofer's eldest grandson, Rabbi Shmuel Ehrenfeld (the "Chasan Sofer" (, an acronym for חידושי תורה נכד סופר, "Chidushei Torah Neched Sofer", "Torah Insights of the Grandson of Sofer"), became rav of Mattersdorf. After Rabbi Shmuel's death on 4 August 1883 (1 Av, 5643), he was succeeded by his son, Rabbi Simcha Bunim Ehrenfeld (the "Maaneh Simcha"). When the latter died on 18 July 1926 (7 Av, 5686), he was succeeded by his son, Rabbi Shmuel Ehrenfeld.

paragraph: Young Shmuel was an erudite scholar. He received rabbinic ordination from Rabbi Meir Arik and Rabbi Yosef Engel at the age of 19. Two years later, when his father fell ill, Shmuel ran the Mattersdorf yeshiva in his place.

paragraph: He married his first cousin, Rochel Ehrenfeld, daughter of his uncle, Rabbi Dovid Tzvi Ehrenfeld. They had two sons, Simcha Bunim and Akiva, and five daughters.

paragraph: Section::::Community leader.

paragraph: Ehrenfeld assumed the leadership of the Mattersdorf community after his father's death in 1926. His opinions and halakhic rulings were widely respected, and he also served as president of the Siebengemeinden ("Sheva Kehillos", or Seven Communities) of Burgenland. He also had frequent dealings with government officials. He was instrumental in changing public policy to exempt Jewish students from studying in public schools and to have religious rather than secular teachers teach secular subjects in Torah schools. He also lobbied for Jewish soldiers to be granted leave on Shabbat and Yom Tov. For his accomplishments, he was awarded a gold medal from the Austrian government.

paragraph: His leadership of the community ended abruptly in 1938 with the Anschluss. On Saturday, 12 March 1938, German soldiers raided the Mattersdorf synagogue during services and ripped the prayer shawls off the worshippers. Commandant Koch warned Ehrenfeld that unless all 4,000 Jews in the district left immediately, they would all be killed. After making many efforts to help relocate community members to safer shores, Ehrenfeld escaped with his family to America, where he arrived on 13 September 1938.

paragraph: Section::::Rav in America.

paragraph: Ehrenfeld's first priority was the re-establishment of the Mattersdorf yeshiva in America. Two months after his arrival, he opened Yeshivas Chasan Sofer on the Lower East Side. The yeshiva later moved to Boro Park, where it currently enrolls over 400 students in kindergarten through twelfth grade and operates a Head Start Program and rabbinical seminary. Ehrenfeld appointed his son-in-law, Rabbi Shmuel Binyomin Fisher, as yeshiva administrator in 1942. Another son-in-law, Rabbi Binyomin Paler, became a "maggid shiur" and eventually rosh yeshiva in the yeshiva, until he left to form his own yeshiva in 1965. (Other sons-in-law of Rabbi Ehrenfeld include Rabbi Eliyahu Simcha Schustal (1923-2012), rosh yeshiva of Bais Binyomin in Stamford, Connecticut, and Rabbi Yisroel Meir Kagan, rosh yeshiva of Yeshiva Toras Chaim in Denver).

paragraph: Ehrenfeld also served as Rav in three Lower East Side synagogues, Anshei Marmarosh, Chevrah Eitz Chaim, and the Stropkover Chevrah, and was active in campaigns to strengthen Shabbat observance and family purity.

paragraph: He was known for his tremendous scholarship and scrupulous honesty. His son, Rabbi Simcha Bunim Ehrenfeld, recalled that before his future father-in-law visited his father to speak about the proposed shidduch with his daughter, he saw his father remove from his expansive library every volume that had his son's name written inside. The Rav explained that it was customary for visiting Torah scholars to browse through their host's bookshelves, and he did not want to impress his visitor with anything that did not belong to him personally.

paragraph: During his lifetime, Ehrenfeld reprinted all the "sefarim" written by his grandfather, the "Chasan Sofer", as well as the "sefarim" of his father, the "Maaneh Simcha", to which he appended his own commentary. He also authored his own work, "Shem Mishmuel".

paragraph: Section::::Founding Kiryat Mattersdorf.

paragraph: Ehrenfeld founded the Torah community of Kiryat Mattersdorf in northern Jerusalem in memory of the Siebengemeinden (Seven Communities) of Burgenland which were destroyed in the Holocaust, Mattersdorf being one of them. He appointed his son, Rabbi Akiva Ehrenfeld (1923–2012), as his representative to supervise the construction and sale of apartments, but declined to serve as the new neighborhood's Rav. Instead, his son Akiva became president of the Chasan Sofer Institutions in Israel while his grandson, Rabbi Yitzchok Yechiel Ehrenfeld, became Rav of Kiryat Mattersdorf.

paragraph: Among the institutions which Ehrenfeld founded were Talmud Torah Maaneh Simcha; Yeshiva Maaneh Simcha; two synagogues named Heichal Shmuel, one for nusach Ashkenaz and one for nusach Sefard; and the Neveh Simcha nursing home, named after his father. The outermost street in the neighborhood is named Maaneh Simcha after his father's Torah work. Akiva Ehrenfeld moved to Kiryat Mattersdorf in the early 1990s and served as president of all these institutions. Akiva Ehrenfeld also founded Yeshivas Beis Shmuel, named for his father, in the mid-1980s.

paragraph: Ehrenfeld also established the first Talmud Torah in Petah Tikva, also named Chasan Sofer, in 1954.

paragraph: Section::::Death and burial.

paragraph: Ehrenfeld died on the second day of Shavuot, 22 May 1980, after reading Megillas Rus (the Book of Ruth, which is traditionally read in synagogues on Shavuot morning). His funeral began in Yeshivas Chasan Sofer in Boro Park on 23 May, accompanied by eulogies from some of the great Torah leaders of the generation, including Rabbi Yaakov Kamenetsky, the Satmar Rebbe, and Rabbi Shneur Kotler. His casket was then flown to London, where his students in England paid their respects, and proceeded to Israel, where he was eulogized by Rabbi Shmuel Wosner, Rabbi Yitzchok Yaakov Weiss, Rabbi Ephraim Fishel Klein, and his grandson, Rabbi Yitzchok Yechiel Ehrenfeld. He was buried on Har HaMenuchot near the grave of the Belzer Rebbe, Rabbi Aharon Rokeach.

paragraph: His son, Rabbi Simcha Bunim Ehrenfeld, succeeded him as Mattersdorfer Rav until his own death on May 15, 2018.

description: Mattersdorfer Rav

wikidata_label: Shmuel Ehrenfeld

wikipedia_title: Shmuel Ehrenfeld


text: marquise of Massa

text: lady of Carrara

text: Alberico I

text: Massa

text: Antonio Alberico II Malaspina

text: Lucrezia d'Este

text: Carrara

text: Fieschi

text: Lavagna

text: Lorenzo Cybo

text: Genoese

text: Pope Innocent VIII

text: Cybo-Malaspina

text: France

text: Holy Roman Empire

text: Charles V

text: Giulio

text: Alberico

categories: Cybo-Malaspina,1553 deaths,Lords of Carrara,1497 births,Marquisses of Massa,People from the Province of Massa-Carrara

paragraph: Ricciarda Cybo-Malaspina

paragraph: Ricciarda Malaspina (1497 – 15 June 1553) was an Italian noblewoman, who was marquise of Massa and lady of Carrara from 1519 to 1546, and again from May 1547 until her death. She was ultimately succeeded by her younger son Alberico I.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Born in Massa, she was the daughter of Antonio Alberico II Malaspina and Lucrezia d'Este. His father in 1481 had become marquis of Massa and lord of Carrara, together with his brother Francesco. After rebelling and defeating the latter, and being heirless, Antonio Alberico named his first daughter, Eleonora, as heir of his lands. Elenora was married to Scipione Fieschi, count of Lavagna, but she died in 1516. The following year Fieschi would marry again, to Ricciarda. The marriage lasted for four years, until he also died heirless.

paragraph: After Antonio Alberico's death in 1519, Ricciarda succeeded him. The following year she married Lorenzo Cybo, a Genoese nobleman who was a grandson of Pope Innocent VIII, thus founding the Cybo-Malaspina family, who would hold Massa and Carrara until 1829.

paragraph: In a period in which Italy was overrun by the war between France, the Holy Roman Empire, and the Italian states, she allied with Emperor Charles V. In 1530, she therefore obtained the imperial permission to associate her husband in the lordship. However, after Lorenzo's betrayals, Ricciarda was able to oust him from government in 1541. When their son Giulio came of age, she ceded him the lordship (1546), but she took back the reins after his involvement in a pro-France plot (1547) and his decapitation in 1548. She continued to reign in Massa until her death in 1553. She was succeeded by her other son Alberico.

paragraph: Section::::Children.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Giulio I Cybo-Malaspina, Marquis of Massa (1525-1547) succeeded his mother in 1546.

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Alberico I Cybo-Malaspina, Prince of Massa (1534-1623) succeeded his mother following her death.

paragraph: br

description: Italian noble

wikidata_label: Ricciarda Cybo-Malaspina

wikipedia_title: Ricciarda Cybo-Malaspina


text:
marquis of Massa
Carrara
Ferrara
Alderano Cybo-Malaspina
Marfisa d'Este
Ferentillo
Genoese
Spinola
Alberico

categories: 1581 births,People from Ferrara,1662 deaths

paragraph: Carlo I Cybo-Malaspina

paragraph: Carlo I Cybo-Malaspina (18 November 1581 - 13 February 1662) was an Italian nobleman, who was marquis of Massa and Carrara from 1623 until his death.

paragraph: Born in Ferrara, he was the son of Alderano Cybo-Malaspina and Marfisa d'Este. He was also Duke of Ferentillo and held other patrician positions in several of the numerous Italian states of the time. In 1605, he married the Genoese noblewoman Brigida Spinola, from whom he had numerous children.

paragraph: The eldest of them, Alberico, succeeded him after his death in 1662.

paragraph: br

description: marquisate of Massa

wikidata_label: Carlo I Cybo-Malaspina

wikipedia_title: Carlo I Cybo-Malaspina


text:
Communist regime
1989 Revolution
Prejmer
Brașov County
Andrei Șaguna High School
Brașov
Transylvania University of Brașov
California State University, Chico
Romanian Revolution of 1989
Nicolae Steinhardt
Iași
ban
Communist regime
Securitate
samizdat
Brașov Rebellion
Mircea Mihăieş
Vladimir Tismăneanu
Sorin Antohi
Liviu Antonesei
Norman Manea
Corneliu Coposu
Adam Michnik
Securitate
Vladimir Colin
AuthorHouse
Xlibris

categories: Romanian essayists,Romanian expatriates in the United States,Romanian novelists,People from Brașov County,Romanian dissidents,1953 births,Censorship in Romania,Living people,Romanian male novelists

paragraph: Leonard Oprea

paragraph: Leonard Oprea (; born December 1953) is a Romanian novelist, poet, and essayist. In the late 1980s, he wrote two books of fiction that were banned by the Communist regime and gained him repute among dissidents. Following the 1989 Revolution, the books were published but did not attract significant notice during the political upheaval of the time. He left Romania for the United States in 1999, after which the pair of previously banned works was once again released. In the 2000s, he wrote the fictional series "Theophil Magus".

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Origins and early career.

paragraph: Born in Prejmer, Brașov County, Oprea attended Andrei Șaguna High School in Brașov before undertaking his studies at the Transylvania University of Brașov. He also holds a specialization in mass media from California State University, Chico, obtained in 1990. Prior to the Romanian Revolution of 1989, Oprea wrote "Domenii Interzise", published in 1984, a collection of fantasy short stories and novellas. Following publication, he penned a lengthy analysis of the works of Nicolae Steinhardt in the Iași magazine "Opinia studențească", which led to a ban on writing by the Communist regime, in particular its "Securitate" secret police. He also wrote the short prose collection "Radiografia clipei" ("The X-ray of an Instant") and the novel "Cămaşa de forţă" ("The Straitjacket"), as well as publishing several short stories in cultural magazines, and won a number of national literary prizes. His two full-length works were banned by the regime and circulated in "samizdat" form. Due to this censorship, critic Tudorel Urian says that in the 1980s his name was much better known in dissident circles than his work. Oprea was a participant in the Brașov Rebellion of 1987.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Since 1989.

paragraph: "Radiografia clipei", which was banned in 1987, was published in 1990, subsequent to the fall of the regime, and "Cămaşa de forţă" in 1992, but according to Urian, both went nearly unnoticed. The latter states that in that period, forthright expression had come into fashion, and stories told in parables, such as Oprea's, were no longer favored. In 1999, Oprea emigrated to the United States, following which his novels began to meet with greater success in his native country. "Trilogia lui Theophil Magus" ("The Trilogy of Theophil Magus") appeared between 2000 and 2002, followed by new editions of "Radiografia clipei" (2003) and "Cămaşa de forţă" (2004). Extensive appreciations appeared from political commentators such as Mircea Mihăieş, Vladimir Tismăneanu, Sorin Antohi, Liviu Antonesei, Norman Manea, which, Urian states, helped secure Oprea's reputation in contemporary Romanian literature. A fourth volume in the planned trilogy appeared in 2007, turning it into a tetralogy.

paragraph: Urian labels Oprea a "true dissident" in the manner of Corneliu Coposu and Adam Michnik, having directly confronted the regime, undergone abusive interrogations by the Securitate secret police, and not called for vindictive retribution against former regime figures after 1989. "Radiografia clipei", which brings together several short works, deals with alienated intellectuals who are either artists or dreamers. They have been deemed enemies of their society due to their power to escape into their own worlds. They face concerted political and social pressure, and their attempts at resistance are meager, tending to be supplanted by despair and isolation.

paragraph: In 1992, Oprea established the Vladimir Colin Cultural Foundation and associated awards, while in 1995, he opened Athena Publishing House in Bucharest.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Domenii interzise" ("Forbidden Areas"), Editura Albatros, Bucharest, 1984.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Radiografia clipei" ("The X-ray of an Instant"), Editura Dacia, Cluj-Napoca, 1990; Second edition: Editura Curtea Veche, Bucharest, 2003; Third edition: Editura Tracus Arte, Bucharest, 2016.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cămaşa de forţă" ("The Straitjacket"), Editura Nemira, Bucharest, 1992; Second edition: Editura Curtea Veche, 2004; Third edition: Editura Eikon, Bucharest, 2016.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Trilogia lui Theophil Magus" ("The Theophil Magus Trilogy")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cele Nouă Învăţături ale lui Theophil Magus despre Magia Transilvană" ("The Nine Teachings of Theophil Magus on Transylvanian Magic"), Editura Polirom, Bucharest, 2000.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cartea lui Theophil Magus sau 40 de poveşti despre om" ("The Book of Theophil Magus or 40 Tales about Man"), Editura Polirom, 2001.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Meditaţiile lui Theophil Magus sau Simple Cugetări Creştine la Început de Mileniu III" ("The Meditations of Theophil Magus or Simple Christian Thoughts at the Beginning of the Third Millennium"), Editura Polirom, 2002.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Theophil Magus - Confesiuni 2004-2006" ("Theophil Magus - Confessions 2004-2006"), Editura Universal Dalsi, Bucharest, 2007.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Book of Theophil Magus or 40 Tales About Man", AuthorHouse, 2003.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Theophil Magus in Baton Rouge: A Haiku Novel", Xlibris, 2008.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Trilogy of Theophil Magus - The Truth", Xlibris, 2008.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Theophil Magus Living in Boston - Anna-Maria 101 Breathings", Xlibris, 2011.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Daily Agony of Theophil Magus: Jazz & Blues Haiku Novel for Anna-Maria", Xlibris, 2012.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Theophil Magus in America – 1001 Respirații" ("Theophil Magus in America – 1001 Breathings"), Editura Kron- Art, Brașov, 2013.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hello God" ("Trilogy of Theophil Magus - The Life", Volume III), Xlibris, 2013.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Noi Domenii Interzise" and "Domenii Interzise" ("New Forbidden Areas" and "Forbidden Areas"), Editura Tracus Arte, Bucharest, 2015.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Trilogia lui Theophil Magus" ("The trilogy of Theophil Magus"), illustrated edition, updated and revised, Editura Eikon, Bucharest, 2015

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lehamitea lui Theophil Magus" ("The Very-Spleen of Theophil Magus") - Eikon Publishing House, Bucharest, 2016

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Theophil Magus--Moarte şi Viață" ("Theophil Magus--Death and Life") - Eikon Publishing House, Bucharest, 2017

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Trezirea Șoimului Theophil Magus" ("The Hawk Awakening Theophil Magus")- Eikon Publishing House, Bucharest 2019

description: Romanian novelist, poet and essayist

wikidata_label: Leonard Oprea

wikipedia_title: Leonard Oprea


text:
vocalist
rock
Incubus
Calabasas High School
Moorpark College
Incubus
entertainment
Audiovent
Epic
Immortal Records
Fungus Amongus
label
Enjoy Incubus
S.C.I.E.N.C.E.
Make Yourself
Morning View
androgynous
Teen People
A Crow Left of the Murder...
Light Grenades
Monuments and Melodies
If Not Now, When?
Sony
Island Records
White Fluffy Clouds
From the Murks of the Sultry Abyss
So the Echo
So the Echo
Incubus
here
Judas Iscariot
Andrew Lloyd Webber
rock opera
Jesus Christ Superstar
The Wild Trapeze
Sons of the Sea
Om Mani Padme Hum
koi
Sarah Kerrigan
Eye of Horus
Aubrey Beardsley
Incubus
Fungus Amongus
Enjoy Incubus
S.C.I.E.N.C.E.
Make Yourself
Morning View
A Crow Left of the Murder...
Light Grenades
Monuments and Melodies
If Not Now, When?
Trust Fall (Side A)
8
The Wild Trapeze
Sons of the Sea
Sons of the Sea
Strait Up
Snot
Leave on Your Makeup
Ben Kenney

categories: 21st-century American writers,21st-century American painters,1976 births,Nu metal singers,American male singers,American rock singers,American male painters,Alternative metal musicians,American tenors,Singers from California,Incubus (band) members,Moorpark College alumni,People from Calabasas, California,People from Van Nuys, Los Angeles,Living people

paragraph: Brandon Boyd

paragraph: Brandon Charles Boyd (born February 15, 1976) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, author, and visual artist. He is best known as the lead vocalist of the American Multi-Platinum rock band Incubus.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and Incubus.

paragraph: Boyd graduated from Calabasas High School in 1994 and attended Moorpark College for two years before committing to Incubus. Brandon grew up in Calabasas, California with Ricky Taylor who inspired him to write music. His parents, Priscilla "Dolly" Wiseman and Charles Boyd, both of whom had experience in entertainment, had nurtured his artistic side since he was a child. Other notable family members include his younger brother, Jason Boyd, the former lead singer of the band Audiovent, his cousin Berto Boyd, an accomplished Flamenco guitarist and composer, as well as cousin Sam Boyd, a professional motocross rider. In an interview, Brandon explained that he had "yet to stumble across his best work" because he lacked the ability to read music.

paragraph: Boyd designed concert fliers that advertised their early performances. At first, Boyd had copied several drawings from a sex education book that Einziger's mother had given them, but he decided to stop using it after several prospective fans had been confused by their fliers ("What kind of band is this?"). So the band had to retreat back to using their own artwork. He is known for having some guitar parts during live performances and for bringing interesting instruments into his songs, such as the didgeridoo and djembe.

paragraph: His voice was part of what enticed Sony's Epic/Immortal Records, along with their self-released album "Fungus Amongus" and the band was signed in 1996. The band's first two releases on the label, "Enjoy Incubus" and "S.C.I.E.N.C.E." went largely unnoticed in the mainstream, but subsequent releases "Make Yourself" and "Morning View" were commercial successes. Boyd attracted a large number of female fans. In a 2001 interview, "Spin" wrote "Considering his androgynous beauty and sweet demeanor, plus Incubus' kid-tested/mother-approved guitar rock, it's no surprise he's MTV's newest weapon of mass heartbreak. Girls scream for him to take his shirt off at Incubus shows (he usually obliges), and "Teen People" recently voted him one of 'The Hottest Guys in Music.' His sensitive-guy appeal sets him apart from today's testosterone-drunk rock". The band's 2004 release "A Crow Left of the Murder..." has continued their success, nominating the band for Best Hard Rock Performance in the 2005 Grammy Awards. On November 28, 2006, the band released "Light Grenades". On June 16, 2009, Incubus released a greatest hits album titled "Monuments and Melodies".

paragraph: In 2011 Incubus finished their seventh studio album "If Not Now, When?", released on July 12, 2011, followed by a tour. It was their final release under Sony.

paragraph: On December 13, 2014 they performed their upcoming single entitled "Trust Fall" at KROQ. They announced the release of two EP's in 2015 with the first, "Trust Fall", released on March 24, 2015 through Island Records. On February 5, 2015, the single "Absolution Calling" was released. Two years later, in February 2017, Boyd and Incubus teamed with Skrillex on a collaboration that was released under the title "8" in April, 2017.

paragraph: Section::::Literature and fine art.

paragraph: Boyd has written three books. The first, written in 2003, was "White Fluffy Clouds". It was published by Endophasia Publications and mainly consists of his artwork, photography, song lyrics from Incubus, and additional writings and thoughts. His more recent publications include, "From the Murks of the Sultry Abyss," was published by Endophasia in 2007, and "So the Echo" was published in January 2013 and consists of his artwork from the past five years.

paragraph: ""So the Echo"" visually weaves the last five years Boyd spent honing his craft and talents, both in his music and art. He took part in many different group and solo art shows and he used his artwork as a means for environmental activism.

paragraph: In recent years, Boyd has focused on making fine art, specifically painting, and on September 8, 2008 had the opening of his first solo show, titled "Ectoplasm," at Mr. Musichead Gallery in Los Angeles, California.

paragraph: Section::::Charity and activism.

paragraph: In the spring of 2011, Boyd made a large mural at the Hurley Space Gallery in order to raise awareness about single use plastics and their harmful effects on the world's oceans.

paragraph: A firm believer in the opportunity to “give back," Brandon is involved with many organizations and charitable causes, and in 2003 along with his Incubus bandmates, founded the 501(c)(3) non-profit organization, ‘The Make Yourself Foundation’, which has raised over 1.4 million dollars for various philanthropic causes both locally and globally. Through this organization, the band has raised over $2,000,000 with the help of their fans donating money worldwide and with this money the organization has awarded grant funding to over 60 nonprofit organizations. Another thing that this organization often does is it will provide its fans chances to have wonderful, and otherwise unattainable experiences, and to meet and spend time with "Incubus." Most recently two fans were flown to the ancient Mayan ruins at Tikal National Park and were able to do this with the band. A list of organizations which 'The Make Yourself Foundation' has given grants to can be found "here". Brandon is quoted on 'The Make Yourself Foundation' website saying, "Sometimes I have to pinch myself that we are in the position we are in; to be able to nudge change through music and smiles! Not forced or intimidated into action, but welcomed and invited. Blessed!"

paragraph: Section::::Jesus Christ Superstar Arena Spectacular 2014.

paragraph: Boyd was selected to play the role of Judas Iscariot for the North American arena tour of Andrew Lloyd Webber's rock opera "Jesus Christ Superstar". He was to play the role starting June 9 through August 17. On May 31, the tour was canceled due to poor ticket sales.

paragraph: Section::::Solo career.

paragraph: On July 6, 2010, Boyd announced that his debut solo album, "The Wild Trapeze" was released. On June 21, 2010, a music video for Boyd's first single from "The Wild Trapeze," entitled "Runaway Train," was released online. A second music video was released for the album, for the song "Last Night a Passenger" in October 2010.

paragraph: On January 18, 2013 Brandon announced his new band, Sons of the Sea. With Incubus on indefinite hiatus, Sons of the Sea will tour 2013 and 2014. On May 29, 2013 Brandon released a teaser video announcing the name of the album, "Sons of the Sea". That same year, he embarked on a book-signing tour of the Northeast to coincide with his latest publication "So The Echo," as well as the release of "Sons of the Sea"'s eponymous record. On November 12, 2015, the song he recorded with Sons of the Sea entitled "Stem to the Rose" for the documentary Becoming Bulletproof.

paragraph: Section::::Tattoos.

paragraph: Boyd is known for his wide variety of tattoos. On his forearms he carries the widely known mantra Om Mani Padme Hum, referring to the qualities of generosity, ethics, patience, diligence, renunciation and wisdom. Underneath that is a koi fish in red ink by Lars Johansson. On the inside of his right arm he has several tattoos, one once again incorporating the Tibetan mantra and another designed after Sarah Kerrigan. Following the release of their album "A Crow Left of the Murder," he got an elaborate back tattoo featuring the common image of the All Seeing-Eye embedded in a pyramid. He also has a tattoo of the Eye of Horus on his right ankle. Other tattoos include his parents' names (Priscilla and Charles) on his forearms, an owl on his back, one teardrop on his index finger on both hands, and a picture inspired by Aubrey Beardsley's famous art, "The Peacock Skirt", on his left arm.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Incubus

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fungus Amongus" (1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Enjoy Incubus" (EP) (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "S.C.I.E.N.C.E." (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Make Yourself" (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Morning View" (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Crow Left of the Murder..." (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Light Grenades" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Monuments and Melodies" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "If Not Now, When?" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Trust Fall (Side A)" (EP) (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "8" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Solo

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Wild Trapeze" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Sons of the Sea

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Compass" (EP) (2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sons of the Sea" (2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guest Appearances

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Strait Up" - Snot (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Leave on Your Makeup - Ben Kenney (2013)

description: American rock singer, writer and visual artist

enwikiquote_title: Brandon Boyd

wikidata_label: Brandon Boyd

wikipedia_title: Brandon Boyd


text: Metropolitan

text: Glastonbury

text: British Orthodox Church

text: assistant priest

text: Blackheath, London

text: coadjutor bishop

text: Metropolitan

text: Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria

text: Shenouda III

text: Wadi El Natrun

text: Saint John Chrysostom

categories: 1948 births,Coptic Orthodox Church in the United Kingdom,Living people,Coptic Orthodox bishops

paragraph: Abba Seraphim

paragraph: Abba Seraphim El-Suriani (born William Henry Hugo Newman-Norton, 27 February 1948) was an English Independent Coptic Orthodox bishop. He is the Metropolitan of Glastonbury and head of the British Orthodox Church with the title of "His Beatitude Patriarch Seraphim, the Seventh Britsh Patriarch.

paragraph: Section::::Life and ministry.

paragraph: Metropolitan Seraphim born in London, England. He was ordained as a deacon in 1967 and a priest in 1971. During this time he was diocesan secretary from 1968 to 1977. He served as an assistant priest in Blackheath, London, from 1972 to 1977.

paragraph: He was consecrated as coadjutor bishop to the Metropolitan of Glastonbury in 1977 and succeeded him as Metropolitan of Glastonbury in 1979. In 1994, Mar Seraphim led much of the UK branch of the church into union with the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, thus forming the British Orthodox Church. He was consecrated as a metropolitan of the Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate by Pope Shenouda III.

paragraph: In 1994 he became a monk of the Monastery of the Holy Virgin Mary (El-Surian), Wadi El Natrun, Egypt, hence his name "Abba Seraphim El-Suriani".

paragraph: On 4 October 2015 the Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate, in response to a request from the British Orthodox Church, agreed to the British church returning to its pre-1994 status as an autonomous jurisdiction, with Seraphim as primate. This action led to a restoration of the situation in which the British Orthodox Church was not in communion with any of the ancient Orthodox churches.

paragraph: On 7 January 2019, it was announced that Metropolitan Seraphim would be known as "His Beatitude Patriarch Seraphim". The church he leads continues to be known as the British Orthodox Church - Metropolis of Glastonbury. He is now to be considered the seventh patriarch, having ceased to use the title of Patriarch during the period of union with the Coptic Orthodox Church out of courtesy to Pope Shenouda III.

paragraph: Section::::Councils membership.

paragraph: With the return to an independent condition out of communion with the ancient Orthodox churches in 2015, Metropolitan Seraphim ceased to hold membership in these councils.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vice-President of the Council of Oriental Orthodox Churches in the UK.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Council of the Society of Saint John Chrysostom

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Coptic Orthodox Church in Britain and Ireland

description: British Orthodox bishop

wikidata_label: Metropolitan Seraphim of Glastonbury

wikipedia_title: Abba Seraphim


text:
CH
British
6th Viscount Chetwynd
3rd Baron Macdonald of Sleat
4th Baron Auckland
Adam Duncan
National Shell Filling Factory No. 6
Chilwell
Nottinghamshire
Companion of Honour
VC
RAOC

categories: Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour,1863 births,Viscounts in the Peerage of Ireland,1936 deaths

paragraph: Godfrey Chetwynd, 8th Viscount Chetwynd

paragraph: Godfrey John Boyle Chetwynd, 8th Viscount Chetwynd, CH (3 October 1863 – 22 March 1936) was a British peer and industrialist.

paragraph: Chetwynd was the second son of Captain Henry Weyland Chetwynd (1829-1893; the third son of the 6th Viscount Chetwynd) and his wife Julia Bosville Davidson (d. 1901; a maternal granddaughter of the 3rd Baron Macdonald of Sleat). On 12 April 1893, he married Baroness Hilda von Alvensleben-Rusteberg. They later divorced and on 10 February 1904, he married Hon. Mary Eden (the third daughter of the 4th Baron Auckland) and they had three children, Adam Duncan (1904–1965), John Julian (1906–1966), and (Mary Diana) Eve (1908–1997).

paragraph: In 1911, Chetwynd inherited his uncle's titles. From 1915-19, he was managing director of the National Shell Filling Factory No. 6, Chilwell, Nottinghamshire, which he designed and built; for which he was a made a Companion of Honour for his services to the war effort.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Haslam, M.J. (Captain RAOC), (1982). "The Chilwell Story: 1915 - 1982, VC Factory and Ordnance Depot". Nottingham: The RAOC Corps Gazette. .

description: English munitions manufacturer

wikidata_label: Godfrey Chetwynd, 8th Viscount Chetwynd

wikipedia_title: Godfrey Chetwynd, 8th Viscount Chetwynd


text: Canadian

text: show jumping

text: Canadian Equestrian Team

text: show jumping

text: 1976 Summer Olympics

text: Canada's Sports Hall of Fame

text: Canadian Olympic Hall of Fame

categories: Equestrians at the 1968 Summer Olympics,Olympic gold medalists for Canada,Equestrians at the 1952 Summer Olympics,Olympic medalists in equestrian,Pan American Games gold medalists for Canada,1928 births,Equestrians at the 1960 Summer Olympics,Pan American Games bronze medalists for Canada,Competitors at the 1967 Pan American Games,Sportspeople from Toronto,Olympic equestrians of Canada,Canadian male equestrians,Pan American Games medalists in equestrian,Competitors at the 1959 Pan American Games,Living people,Medalists at the 1968 Summer Olympics

paragraph: Thomas Gayford

paragraph: Thomas Franklin "Tom" Gayford (born November 21, 1928) is a retired Canadian equestrian. He competed at the 1952 and 1960 Olympics in the individual and team three-day events, but failed to finish. At the 1968 Olympics he won a gold medal in show jumping with the Canadian team.

paragraph: Gayford is the son of Gordon Gayford, who competed internationally in horse riding. He was a member of the Canadian Equestrian Team for show jumping from the late 1940s through the early 1970s, winning team gold medals at the 1968 Olympics, 1970 World Championships and 1971 Pan American Games, and placing third at the 1967 Pan American Games. He also won a team gold medal in the three-day event at the 1959 Pan American Games. Individually he won the New York International Horse Show three times. Gayford retired before the 1972 Olympics to become an equestrian coach, judge, and course designer. He designed the jumping course at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, and headed the Canadian national jumping team from 1978 through 1996. He was inducted into the Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 1968 and to the Canadian Olympic Hall of Fame in 1971.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrait of Thomas Gayford in the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame archive

paragraph: BULLET::::- Photo of Gayford riding in the Canadian Sports Hall of Fame archive

description: equestrian

wikidata_label: Thomas Gayford

wikipedia_title: Thomas Gayford


text:
Faster Pussycat
The Throbs
Stiv Bators
The Newlydeads
Tracii Guns
L.A. Guns
Hollywood Roses
Live At The Limelight
The Language of Thieves and Vagabonds
Trash The Given Chance
Loosen Up!
Year of the Rat
Dead End
The Power and the Glory Hole
Front Row for the Donkey Show
Hollywood High (live)
Dopesnake
Acoustic Gypsy Live

categories: L.A. Guns members,Faster Pussycat members,The Newlydeads members,American bass guitarists,Living people

paragraph: Danny Nordahl

paragraph: Danny Nordahl is a bass guitarist who currently plays in the bands Faster Pussycat and Motochrist.

paragraph: He has also played in the bands The Throbs, Stiv Bators And His Evil Boys, N.Y. Loose, The Newlydeads, Tracii Guns' version of L.A. Guns, and Hollywood Roses.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With Stiv Bators And His Evil Boys.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live At The Limelight" (1989)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With The Throbs.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Language of Thieves and Vagabonds" (1991)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With N.Y. Loose.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Trash The Given Chance" (1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Loosen Up!" (1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Year of the Rat" (1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (1996)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With The Newlydeads.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dead End" (2001)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With Faster Pussycat.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Power and the Glory Hole" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Front Row for the Donkey Show" (2009)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With Motochrist.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 666-Pack (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Greetings From The Bonneville Salt Flats (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hollywood High (live)" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Corvette Summer (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chrome (2015)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With Hollywood Roses.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dopesnake" (2007)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With L.A. Guns.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Acoustic Gypsy Live" (2011)

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Danny Nordahl

wikipedia_title: Danny Nordahl


text:
Slovak
rally
JWRC
2006
2007 season
Slovak Rally Champion
eWRC-results.com profile

categories: Slovak racing drivers,1984 births,Living people

paragraph: Jozef Béreš Jr.

paragraph: Jozef Béreš jun. (born 4 October 1984) is a Slovak rally driver. He used to race in the JWRC in the 2006 and 2007 season. He became Slovak Rally Champion five times 2005, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- eWRC-results.com profile

description: Slovak racing driver

wikidata_label: Jozef Béreš jun.

wikipedia_title: Jozef Béreš Jr.


text:
Slovak
rally
JWRC
eWRC-results.com profile

categories: Slovak racing drivers,World Rally Championship drivers,European Rally Championship drivers,1993 births,Living people

paragraph: Martin Koči

paragraph: Martin Koči (born 5 April 1993) is a Slovak rally driver. He is currently racing in the JWRC.

paragraph: Section::::WRC results.

paragraph: Section::::WRC results.:JWRC.

paragraph: *not eligible for points

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- eWRC-results.com profile

description: Junior World Rally Championship driver

wikidata_label: Martin Koči

wikipedia_title: Martin Koči


text:
House of Saud
Turki
first Prince Turki
Spanish flu
Abdallah bin Abdul Rahman
Geneva
Abdullah
Switzerland
Geneva
Riyadh
Geneva Airport
Riyadh
Abdul Aziz bin Fahd
Paris
Riyadh
BBC News Channel
Saudi Royal family

categories: 1968 births,Living people,Grandsons of Ibn Saud

paragraph: Sultan bin Turki II bin Abdulaziz Al Saud

paragraph: Sultan bin Turki (II) bin Abdulaziz Al Saud ( (born May 1968) is a member of the House of Saud.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Prince Sultan was born in May 1968. His father is known as "the second" Turki (الثاني "ath-thānī"), because he is the second son born to King Abdulaziz named "Turki". The first Prince Turki was Abdulaziz's first son who died in 1919 due to Spanish flu. His mother is Noura the daughter of Abdallah bin Abdul Rahman.

paragraph: Prince Sultan lived in Geneva. He was married to former king Abdullah's daughter princess Nora. She died in 1990 in a car accident near Riyadh airport. He has one son named Mohammed bin Sultan from another marriage.

paragraph: Section::::Kidnappings.

paragraph: In 2004, Prince Sultan accused the government of Saudi Arabia of kidnapping him in June 2003 in Switzerland after he spoke out in favour of reform in Saudi Arabia. He was lured to a meeting in Geneva, where he was drugged before being flown back to the kingdom and was kept under house arrest in the capital, Riyadh. To finish the mission successfully, a Boeing 747 medical evacuation aircraft was sent especially for this purpose after sedating him. The aircraft arrived at Geneva Airport a few days before the kidnapping operation, and it was always in a state of readiness. Another aircraft was sent to carry the personal effects, papers, files, and documents of Prince Sultan, which were later confiscated from the Hotel where he had been staying and taken to Riyadh. The aircraft was officially registered in Switzerland as part of the entourage of Prince Abdul Aziz bin Fahd, who was on visit to Switzerland at the time.

paragraph: According to newspaper reports, on 1 February 2016 Prince Sultan was again kidnapped, with his entourage of about 20 people. They were on a flight from Paris whose ostensible destination was Cairo: it was diverted to Riyadh, where all were detained. After some days the non-Saudis in the party were released. In August 2017, Prince Sultan was apparently still in Saudi Arabia.

paragraph: The kidnapping was one of three disappearances of Saudi princes living in Europe that featured in the 2017 BBC News Channel documentary "Kidnapped! Saudi Arabia's Missing Princes".

paragraph: His kidnappings were described as one of many disappearances of members of the Saudi Royal family who have criticized the government or called for regime change.

description: Member of House of Saud


text:
Polish
szlachta
Stanisław August Poniatowski
Franciszek Ksawery Branicki
Jan Józef Sapieha
Kazimierz Nestor Sapieha
zlotys
Czartoryski
Magdalena Agnieszka Sapieżyna
Familia (political party)
Madame Geoffrin
Sejm
Franciszek Ksawery Branicki
Great Sejm
Stanisław Szczęsny Potocki
Constitution of 3 May 1791
Wojciech Jakubowski
Tomasz Węgierski
Rafał Gurowski
Ignacy Potocki
Franciszek Zabłocki

categories: 1800 deaths,Branicki (Korczak) family,18th-century Polish politicians,Year of birth uncertain,18th-century Polish women,Mistresses of Polish royalty,Sapieha

paragraph: Elżbieta Branicka

paragraph: Elżbieta Branicka (c. 1734 – 3 September, 1800) was a Polish "szlachta" and politician. She is known for her political career, being the financier of the King Stanisław August Poniatowski prior to his election as king, his adviser in 1763-1776, and as one of the leaders of opposition in 1776-1793. She also had a relationship with the king in 1763-76.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Early life.

paragraph: She was the daughter of Piotr Branicki and Melania Teresa Szembek and the sister of Franciszek Ksawery Branicki. Her education is not known, but it was noted that she did not speak the French language (at that time an important part of a good education) very well.

paragraph: She married Jan Józef Sapieha in 1753, whom she divorced in 1755 for his adultery. She remarried Jan Sapieha, a relative of her first spouse, by whom she was widowed in 1757 after an unhappy marriage. She became the mother of Kazimierz Nestor Sapieha. She inherited the position of wojewodzicową mscisławska from her second spouse.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Supporter of Poniatowski.

paragraph: Elżbieta Branicka was not regarded a beauty, but described as a fascinating and charming woman, intelligent and with a great interest in politics. In 1761, she became an ally of Stanisław August Poniatowski, and gave him a loan of 300.000 "zlotys", with a great interest, to fund his political career: he was still paying of the debt six year later. During the interregnum of 1763-64, they reportedly begun an affair, and she influenced him against the Czartoryski family. She was the rival of Magdalena Agnieszka Sapieżyna, who in contrast to her supported the Familia (political party) and in parallel attempted to influence Poniatowski in favor of it. When Poniatowski was elected king, Branicka came to be in a very powerful position.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Political adviser of Poniatowski.

paragraph: Her influence on Poniatowski, both in her capacity as his lover and his moneylender, was well known, and the king included her in his inner circle of advisers and entrusted her with political assignments. In December 1765, for example, the king gave her the task to handle an affair regarding the contract of August Moszyński and the Coinage Commission. Along with her co-mistress, Magdalena Agnieszka Sapieżyna, she was also given an allowance of 200 ducats monthly, which was paid until at least 1775. The summer of 1766, she was given the task by the king to welcome the famous Madame Geoffrin on her visit to Poland. In a letter from 1768, the king described her as irreplaceable among his "petites amies" (lovers) and called her wonderful, warm, intelligent and an extremely useful ally.

paragraph: Elżbieta Branicka actively and publicly participated in state affairs and politics. She openly and frequently attended the sessions of the Sejm and the Tribunals and she also participated in the Diet assemblies, with the king's support. Her gender was no formal bar for this activity; within the contemporary Polish system of an aristocratic elective monarchy, her membership within the nobility was the main criteria. She was known to be able to affect the appointment of offices. Despite their opposition to the kings uncles the Czartoryski, she and her brother long kept their place in the circle of the king's political advisers. Reportedly, she also used her position to enrich herself and her family.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Opposition leader.

paragraph: The relationship between Elżbieta Branicka and the king deteriorated during the 1770s. In 1774, her brother Franciszek Ksawery Branicki joined the opposition in against the king and the Russian ambassador Stackelberg, with whom Elżbieta Branicka had a bad relationshop. In 1776, after having supported her brother against Stackelberg and the king, she was exiled from the royal court to her estate in Kodeń, with a monthly allowance of 200 ducats. In order to control her activities, Russian troops was placed on her estate Kodeń to keep her under guard. During the Sejm of 1776, she filed complaints and demanded the king's debt to her to be paid, which caused a long going conflict. She also engaged in long-going law suits with her relatives over inheritance and property issues. She also supported her son's political career by petitions to the king. During these years, she was regarded one of the most notable leaders of the opposition party of the Branicki, Seweryn and Rzewuski families against the king. As late as 1778, the king referred to her as one of the women for whom he felt the most respect.

paragraph: During the Great Sejm, she initially sided with the opposition lead by Stanisław Szczęsny Potocki against the suggested constitutional changes, and was one of the significant players in Polish political life during the Sejm. She finally supported the Constitution of 3 May 1791. She retired from political life in 1793.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Portrayals.

paragraph: Elżbieta Branicka was a controversial figure in contemporary Poland, and her activity as a politician, particularly during the Great Sejm, made her the subject of satires, pamphlets and poems by Wojciech Jakubowski, Tomasz Węgierski, Rafał Gurowski, Ignacy Potocki and Franciszek Zabłocki.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biogram został opublikowany w 1994 r. w XXXV tomie Polskiego Słownika Biograficznego.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.ipsb.nina.gov.pl/a/biografia/elzbieta-sapiezyna-z-branickich

description: politician

wikidata_label: Elżbieta Branicka

wikipedia_title: Elżbieta Branicka


text:
single scull
Atlanta in 1996
Sydney in 2000
2004 Summer Olympics
Athens
2008 in Beijing
Germany
Potsdam
Minsk
Belarus
Potsdam
Germany

categories: Rowers at the 2012 Summer Olympics,Medalists at the 1996 Summer Olympics,Rowers at the 1992 Summer Olympics,Rowers at the 2016 Summer Olympics,Olympic bronze medalists for the Unified Team,Olympic rowers of Belarus,Rowers at the 2000 Summer Olympics,Olympic bronze medalists for Belarus,Rowers at the 2008 Summer Olympics,Olympic gold medalists for Belarus,Medalists at the 2008 Summer Olympics,Rowers at the 1996 Summer Olympics,Olympic medalists in rowing,Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics,Medalists at the 1992 Summer Olympics,Olympic silver medalists for Belarus,1972 births,Rowers at the 2004 Summer Olympics,Medalists at the 2000 Summer Olympics,Belarusian female rowers,World Rowing Championships medalists for Belarus,Olympic rowers of the Unified Team,Living people,World Rowing Championships medalists for the Soviet Union

paragraph: Ekaterina Karsten

paragraph: Ekaterina Karsten (, "Kaciaryna Karsten"; ; born 2 June 1972) is a Belarusian rower, a seven-time Olympian, a two-time Olympic champion and six-time World Champion in the single scull.

paragraph: Karsten won Olympic gold in the single sculls in Atlanta in 1996 and Sydney in 2000. At the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens she won a silver medal and in 2008 in Beijing she picked up a bronze. She also won at the World Championships in single sculls in 1997, 1999, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2009, was runner up in 2002 and 2010 and got bronze in 2001 and 2003. She won the European Championships in 2009 and 2010. She won the world junior championships in 1990.

paragraph: Her maiden name is Khadatovich (Хадатовіч), and she is also sometimes referred to as Ekaterina Karsten-Khodotovitch. Currently she lives and trains in Germany with her German husband in Potsdam.

paragraph: Section::::Facts.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Height: 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Weight: 75 kg (165 lb)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Birthplace: Minsk, Belarus

paragraph: BULLET::::- Residence: Potsdam, Germany

description: Belarusian rower

wikidata_label: Ekaterina Karsten

wikipedia_title: Ekaterina Karsten