text: singer-songwriter

text: folk music

text: This Land Is Your Land

text: children's

text: ballad

text: Dust Bowl

text: Dust Bowl Ballads

text: Mojo

text: Library of Congress

text: Bob Dylan

text: Phil Ochs

text: Johnny Cash

text: Bruce Springsteen

text: Robert Hunter

text: Harry Chapin

text: John Mellencamp

text: Pete Seeger

text: Andy Irvine

text: Joe Strummer

text: Billy Bragg

text: Jerry Garcia

text: Jay Farrar

text: Bob Weir

text: Jeff Tweedy

text: Bob Childers

text: Sammy Walker

text: Tom Paxton

text: AJJ

text: Brian Fallon

text: Sixto Rodríguez

text: This machine kills fascists

text: Okemah, Oklahoma

text: Huntington's disease

text: neurological disorder

text: Pampa, Texas

text: dust storms

text: Okies

text: KFVD

text: hillbilly music

text: Will Geer

text: John Steinbeck

text: Communist

text: People's World

text: United States Communist

text: non-aggression pact

text: Soviet Union

text: Dust Bowl Ballads

text: This Land Is Your Land

text: Irving Berlin

text: God Bless America

text: Arlo Guthrie

text: folk movement

text: Ramblin' Jack Elliott

text: Bob Dylan

text: Okemah

text: Okfuskee County, Oklahoma

text: Woodrow Wilson

text: Democratic

text: lynching of Laura and L. D. Nelson

text: Ku Klux Klan

text: Huntington's disease

text: dementia

text: Pampa, Texas

text: traditional English

text: Scottish songs

text: shoeshine boy

text: busking

text: Dust Bowl

text: Okies

text: Maxine "Lefty Lou" Crissman

text: hillbilly

text: KFVD

text: New Deal

text: Frank W. Burke

text: Dust Bowl Ballads

text: Thomas Mooney

text: cause célèbre

text: Will Geer

text: John Steinbeck

text: fellow traveler

text: People's World

text: exaggerated hillbilly dialect

text: Steve Earle

text: non-aggression pact

text: Soviet Union

text: New York City

text: Will Geer

text: Alan Lomax

text: Library of Congress

text: Dust Bowl Ballads

text: Victor Records

text: Camden, New Jersey

text: This Land Is Your Land

text: Irving Berlin

text: God Bless America

text: Carter Family

text: Moses Asch

text: Howie Richmond

text: Pete Seeger

text: Harold Ambellan

text: CBS

text: Huddie "Lead Belly" Ledbetter

text: Charles Olson

text: Common Ground

text: Central Park West

text: Sophie Maslow

text: Folksay

text: Carl Sandburg

text: The People, Yes

text: Folksay

text: CBS

text: WCBS-TV

text: The People, Yes

text: Portland, Oregon

text: neighborhood of Lents

text: Gunther von Fritsch

text: Bonneville Power Administration

text: Grand Coulee Dam

text: Columbia River

text: Department of the Interior

text: Columbia River

text: Roll On, Columbia, Roll On

text: Pastures of Plenty

text: Grand Coulee Dam

text: Columbia River Songs

text: Catholic Church

text: Pete Seeger

text: Almanac Singers

text: hootenannies

text: Greenwich Village

text: World War II

text: Pete Seeger

text: Millard Lampell

text: Lee Hays

text: Union Maid

text: Irwin Silber

text: Agnes "Sis" Cunningham

text: People's Songs

text: Marjorie Mazia

text: Martha Graham Dance School

text: Sophie Maslow

text: Carl Sandburg

text: "Bound for Glory"

text: Yellowstone

text: Yosemite

text: film adaptation

text: Moses "Moe" Asch

text: Folkways Records

text: Worried Man Blues

text: hundreds of other songs

text: Smithsonian Institution

text: The Asch Recordings

text: Time

text: AFL

text: Congress of Industrial Organizations

text: William Green

text: Philip Murray

text: Philip Pearl

text: Len De Caux

text: Millard Lampell

text: Wabash Cannonball

text: 1948 Progressive National Convention

text: Henry A. Wallace

text: Almanac Singers

text: television series

text: Marc Blitzstein

text: Donald E. Montgomery

text: U.S. Department of Agriculture

text: USO

text: Cisco Houston

text: U.S. Merchant Marine

text: convoy

text: Battle of the Atlantic

text: Mediterranean Sea

text: Bizerte

text: Tunisia

text: D-Day

text: Utah Beach

text: German submarine U-390

text: Newcastle

text: National Maritime Union

text: Merchant Marine

text: U.S. Army

text: Marjorie

text: Coney Island

text: Nora

text: Arlo

text: Songs to Grow on for Mother and Child

text: children's music

text: Dust Bowl

text: Harper

text: Johnny Depp

text: Infinitum Nihil

text: Bonneville Power Administration

text: Ramblin' Jack Elliott

text: Bob Dylan

text: Huntington's disease

text: Lead Belly

text: alcoholism

text: schizophrenia

text: Huntington's disease

text: Theatricum Botanicum

text: Will Geer

text: HUAC

text: anti-communist

text: Fruit Cove, Florida

text: Beluthahatchee

text: Stetson Kennedy

text: Greystone Park Psychiatric Hospital

text: East Flatbush

text: Creedmoor Psychiatric Center

text: Queens Village

text: Howard Beach

text: Huntington's Disease Society of America

text: Pomona, California

text: American Folk Revival

text: civil rights movement

text: Free Speech Movement

text: Cambridge, Massachusetts

text: Greenwich Village

text: Bob Dylan

text: Huntington's disease

text: Pete Seeger

text: Ramblin' Jack Elliott

text: Arlo

text: American folk

text: Arlo Guthrie

text: Arlo Davy

text: Nora

text: Sarah Lee Guthrie

text: Woody Guthrie Center

text: Tulsa, Oklahoma

text: George Kaiser

text: Wilco

text: Billy Bragg

text: Mermaid Avenue

text: Mermaid Avenue Vol. II

text: Diné

text: Blackfire

text: The Works

text: Jay Farrar

text: Will Johnson

text: Anders Parker

text: Yim Yames

text: New Multitudes

text: Woody Guthrie Folk Festival

text: Okemah, Oklahoma

text: Aliza Greenblatt

text: Nora Guthrie

text: The Klezmatics

text: Danny Blume

text: covering

text: Harold Leventhal

text: Carnegie Hall

text: Tom Paxton

text: Bob Dylan

text: The Band

text: Judy Collins

text: Richie Havens

text: Odetta

text: Hollywood Bowl

text: Christy Moore

text: Prosperous

text: The Ludlow Massacre

text: Song to Woody

text: Last Thoughts on Woody Guthrie

text: Andy Irvine

text: Planxty

text: Rain on the Roof

text: Patrick Street

text: Bruce Springsteen

text: Live 1975–1985

text: Cleveland

text: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum

text: Case Western Reserve University

text: keynote address

text: Severance Hall

text: Cleveland Orchestra

text: Indigo Girls

text: Ellis Paul

text: Jimmy LaFave

text: Ani DiFranco

text: Wesleyan University Press

text: Canberra ACT news, sport and weather | The Canberra Times

text: The Woody Guthrie Center

text: The Woody Guthrie Foundation and Archives

text: "Woody Guthrie and the Archive of American Folk Song: Correspondence, 1940–1950"

text: Woody Guthrie in NYC, 1943

text: Folksay (1945) Board - Getty Images

text: Woody Guthrie's Discography on Smithsonian Folkways

text: Songfacts interview with Anna Canoni (Guthrie's granddaughter)

text: Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture – Guthrie, Woody

text: Voices of Oklahoma interview with Nora Guthrie.

text: Woody at 100: The Woody Guthrie Centennial Collection

text: Voices of Oklahoma interview with Mary Jo Guthrie.

text: Voices of Oklahoma interview with Guy Logsdon.

categories: Guitarists from California,People from Topanga, California,American sailors,Deaths from neurodegenerative disease,American buskers,Huntington's disease,Shack dwellers,American mandolinists,20th-century American singers,20th-century male writers,Woody Guthrie,Industrial Workers of the World members,1912 births,People from Okemah, Oklahoma,American people of Scottish descent,20th-century violinists,American folk guitarists,Cub Records artists,American socialists,American autobiographers,Squatters,Guthrie family,Political music,Rounder Records artists,Guitarists from Oklahoma,1967 deaths,American anti-fascists,American communists,American male singer-songwriters,Vanguard Records artists,American folk-song collectors,American acoustic guitarists,Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners,American male guitarists,American harmonica players,Disease-related deaths in New York (state),20th-century American guitarists,Articles containing video clips,American singer-songwriters,Deaths from Huntington's disease,Singers from Oklahoma,American violinists,People diagnosed with Huntington's disease,People from Echo Park, Los Angeles,Songster musicians,Songwriters from Oklahoma,World War II poets,Folk musicians from Oklahoma,American folk singers,American male violinists

paragraph: Woody Guthrie

paragraph: Woodrow Wilson Guthrie (; July 14, 1912 – October 3, 1967) was an American singer-songwriter, one of the most significant figures in American folk music; his music, including songs, such as "This Land Is Your Land", has inspired several generations both politically and musically. He wrote hundreds of political, folk, and children's songs, along with ballads and improvised works. His album of songs about the Dust Bowl period, "Dust Bowl Ballads", is included on "Mojo" magazine's list of 100 Records That Changed The World. Many of his recorded songs are archived in the Library of Congress. Songwriters such as Bob Dylan, Phil Ochs, Johnny Cash, Bruce Springsteen, Robert Hunter, Harry Chapin, John Mellencamp, Pete Seeger, Andy Irvine, Joe Strummer, Billy Bragg, Jerry Garcia, Jay Farrar, Bob Weir, Jeff Tweedy, Bob Childers, Sammy Walker, Tom Paxton, AJJ, Brian Fallon, and Sixto Rodríguez have acknowledged Guthrie as a major influence. He frequently performed with the slogan "This machine kills fascists" displayed on his guitar.

paragraph: Guthrie was brought up by middle-class parents in Okemah, Oklahoma, until he was 14, when his mother Mary was hospitalized as a consequence of Huntington's disease, a fatal hereditary neurological disorder. His father moved to Pampa, Texas, to repay debts from unsuccessful real estate deals. During his early teens, Guthrie learned folk and blues songs from his parents' friends. He married at 19, but with the advent of the dust storms that marked the Dust Bowl period, he left his wife and three children to join the thousands of Okies who were migrating to California looking for employment. He worked at Los Angeles radio station KFVD, achieving some fame from playing hillbilly music; made friends with Will Geer and John Steinbeck; and wrote a column for the Communist newspaper "People's World" from May 1939 to January 1940.

paragraph: Throughout his life, Guthrie was associated with United States Communist groups, although he did not appear to be a member of any. With the outbreak of World War II and the non-aggression pact the Soviet Union had signed with Germany in 1939, the owners of KFVD radio were not comfortable with Guthrie's Communist sympathies. He left the station, ending up in New York where he wrote and recorded his 1940 album "Dust Bowl Ballads", based on his experiences during the 1930s, which earned him the nickname the "Dust Bowl Troubadour". In February 1940 he wrote his most famous song, "This Land Is Your Land". He said it was a response to what he felt was the overplaying of Irving Berlin's "God Bless America" on the radio.

paragraph: Guthrie was married three times and fathered eight children. His son Arlo Guthrie became nationally known as a musician. Guthrie died in 1967 from complications of Huntington's disease. His first two daughters also died of the disease. During his later years, in spite of his illness, Guthrie served as a figurehead in the folk movement, providing inspiration to a generation of new folk musicians, including mentoring Ramblin' Jack Elliott and Bob Dylan.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life: 1912–31.

paragraph: Guthrie was born 14 July 1912 in Okemah, a small town in Okfuskee County, Oklahoma, the son of Nora Belle (née Sherman) and Charles Edward Guthrie. His parents named him after Woodrow Wilson, then Governor of New Jersey and the Democratic candidate who was elected as President of the United States in fall 1912. Charles Guthrie was an industrious businessman, owning at one time up to of land in Okfuskee County. He was actively involved in Oklahoma politics and was a conservative Democratic candidate for office in the county. Charles Guthrie was reportedly involved in the 1911 lynching of Laura and L. D. Nelson. (Woody Guthrie wrote three songs about the event in the 1960s. He said that his father, Charles, became a member of the Ku Klux Klan as it revived beginning in 1915.)

paragraph: Three significant fires occurred during Guthrie's early life, one that caused the loss of his family's home in Okemah. When Guthrie was seven, his sister Clara died after setting her clothes on fire during an argument with her mother, and their father was severely burned in a fire at home. Guthrie's mother, Nora, was afflicted with Huntington's disease, although the family did not know this at the time. What they could see was dementia and muscular degeneration.

paragraph: When Woody was 14, Nora was committed to the Oklahoma Hospital for the Insane. At the time his father Charley was living and working in Pampa, Texas, to repay debts from unsuccessful real estate deals. Woody and his siblings were on their own in Oklahoma; they relied on their eldest brother Roy for support. The 14-year-old Woody Guthrie worked odd jobs around Okemah, begging meals and sometimes sleeping at the homes of family friends.

paragraph: Guthrie had a natural affinity for music, learning old ballads and traditional English and Scottish songs from the parents of friends. Guthrie befriended an African-American shoeshine boy named George, who played blues on his harmonica. After listening to George play, Guthrie bought his own harmonica and began playing along with him. He used to busk for money and food. Although Guthrie did not do well as a student and dropped out of high school in his senior year before graduation, his teachers described him as bright. He was an avid reader on a wide range of topics.

paragraph: In 1929, Guthrie's father sent for Woody to join him in Texas, but little changed for the aspiring musician. Guthrie, then 18, was reluctant to attend high school classes in Pampa; he spent most of his time learning songs by busking on the streets and reading in the library at Pampa's city hall. He regularly played at dances with his father's half-brother Jeff Guthrie, a fiddle player. His mother died in 1930 of complications of Huntington's disease while still in the Oklahoma Hospital for the Insane.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Marriage and family.

paragraph: At age 19, Guthrie met and married his first wife, Mary Jennings, in Texas in 1931. They had three children together: Gwendolyn, Sue, and Bill. Bill died at age 23 of an automobile accident. Each daughter died of Huntington's disease at the age of 41, in the 1970s.

paragraph: Guthrie and Mary divorced in 1940. He married twice more, to Marjorie Greenblatt (1945–53), and Anneke Van Kirkand (1953–56) having a total of eight children.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:California.

paragraph: During the Dust Bowl period, Guthrie joined the thousands of Okies and others who migrated to California to look for work, leaving his wife and children in Texas. Many of his songs are concerned with the conditions faced by working-class people.

paragraph: During the latter part of that decade, he achieved fame with radio partner Maxine "Lefty Lou" Crissman as a broadcast performer of commercial hillbilly music and traditional folk music. Guthrie was making enough money to send for his family to join him from Texas. While appearing on the radio station KFVD, owned by a populist-minded New Deal Democrat, Frank W. Burke, Guthrie began to write and perform some of the protest songs that he eventually released on his album "Dust Bowl Ballads".

paragraph: While at KFVD, Guthrie met newscaster Ed Robbin. Robbin was impressed with a song Guthrie wrote about political activist Thomas Mooney, wrongly convicted in a case that was a "cause célèbre" of the time. Robbin, who became Guthrie's political mentor, introduced Guthrie to socialists and Communists in Southern California, including Will Geer. (He introduced Guthrie to writer John Steinbeck). Robbin remained Guthrie's lifelong friend, and helped Guthrie book benefit performances in the Communist circles in Southern California.

paragraph: Notwithstanding Guthrie's later claim that "the best thing that I did in 1936 was to sign up with the Communist Party", he was never a member of the Party. He was noted as a fellow traveler—an outsider who agreed with the platform of the party while avoiding party discipline. Guthrie wrote a column for the Communist newspaper, "People's World". The column, titled "Woody Sez", appeared a total of 174 times from May 1939 to January 1940. "Woody Sez" was not explicitly political, but was about current events as observed by Guthrie. He wrote the columns in an exaggerated hillbilly dialect and usually included a small comic. These columns were published posthumously as a collection after Guthrie's death. Steve Earle said of Guthrie, "I don't think of Woody Guthrie as a political writer. He was a writer who lived in very political times."

paragraph: With the outbreak of World War II and publicity about the non-aggression pact the Soviet Union had signed with Germany in 1939, the owners of KFVD radio did not want its staff "spinning apologia" for the Soviet Union. It fired both Robbin and Guthrie. Without the daily radio show, Guthrie's employment chances declined, and he returned with his family to Pampa, Texas. Although Mary was happy to return to Texas, Guthrie preferred to accept Will Geer's invitation to New York City and headed east.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:1940s: Building a legacy.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:1940s: Building a legacy.:New York City.

paragraph: Arriving in New York, Guthrie, known as "the Oklahoma cowboy", was embraced by its folk music community. For a time, he slept on a couch in Will Geer's apartment. Guthrie made his first recordings—several hours of conversation and songs recorded by the folklorist Alan Lomax for the Library of Congress—as well as an album, "Dust Bowl Ballads," for Victor Records in Camden, New Jersey.

paragraph: In February 1940 he wrote his most famous song, "This Land Is Your Land", as a response to what he felt was an overplaying of Irving Berlin's "God Bless America" on the radio. Guthrie thought the lyrics were unrealistic and complacent. He adapted the melody from an old gospel song, "Oh My Loving Brother", which had been adapted by the country group the Carter Family for their song "When The World's On Fire". Guthrie signed the manuscript with the comment, "All you can write is what you see." Although the song was written in 1940, it was four years before he recorded it for Moses Asch in April 1944. Sheet music was produced and given to schools by Howie Richmond sometime later.

paragraph: In March 1940 Guthrie was invited to play at a benefit hosted by the John Steinbeck Committee to Aid Farm Workers, to raise money for migrant workers. There he met the folksinger Pete Seeger, and the two men became good friends. Seeger accompanied Guthrie back to Texas to meet other members of the Guthrie family. He recalled an awkward conversation with Mary Guthrie's mother, in which she asked for Seeger's help to persuade Guthrie to treat her daughter better.

paragraph: From April 1940 Guthrie and Seeger lived together in the Greenwich Village loft of sculptor Harold Ambellan and his fiancee. Guthrie had some success in New York at this time as a guest on CBS's radio program "Back Where I Come From" and used his influence to get a spot on the show for his friend Huddie "Lead Belly" Ledbetter. Ledbetter's Tenth Street apartment was a gathering spot for the musician circle in New York at the time, and Guthrie and Ledbetter were good friends, as they had busked together at bars in Harlem.

paragraph: In November 1941 Seeger introduced Guthrie to his friend the poet Charles Olson, then a junior editor at the fledgling magazine "Common Ground". The meeting led to Guthrie writing the article "Ear Players" in the Spring 1942 issue of the magazine. The article marked Guthrie's debut as a published writer in the mainstream media.

paragraph: In September 1940 Guthrie was invited by the Model Tobacco Company to host their radio program "Pipe Smoking Time". Guthrie was paid $180 a week, an impressive salary in 1940. He was finally making enough money to send regular payments back to Mary. He also brought her and the children to New York, where the family lived briefly in an apartment on Central Park West. The reunion represented Woody's desire to be a better father and husband. He said, "I have to set real hard to think of being a dad." Guthrie quit after the seventh broadcast, claiming he had begun to feel the show was too restrictive when he was told what to sing. Disgruntled with New York, Guthrie packed up Mary and his children in a new car and headed west to California.

paragraph: Choreographer Sophie Maslow developed "Folksay" as an elaborate mix of modern dance and ballet, which combined folk songs by Woody Guthrie with text from Carl Sandburg's 1936 book-length poem The People, Yes. The premiere took place in March 1942 at the Humphrey-Weidman Studio Theatre in New York City. Guthrie provided live music for the performance, which featured Maslow and her New Dance Group. Two-and-a-half years later, Maslow brought "Folksay" to early television under the direction of Leo Hurwitz. The same group performed the ballet live in front of CBS TV cameras. The 30-minute broadcast aired on WCBW, the pioneer CBS television station in New York City (now WCBS-TV), from 8:15-8:45PM ET on November 24, 1944. Featured were Maslow and the New Dance Group, which included among others Jane Dudley, Pearl Primus, and William Bales. Woody Guthrie and fellow folksinger Tony Kraber played guitar, sang songs, and read text from The People, Yes. The program received positive reviews and was performed on television over WCBW a second time in early 1945.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:1940s: Building a legacy.:Pacific Northwest.

paragraph: In May 1941, after a brief stay in Los Angeles, Guthrie moved to Portland, Oregon, in the neighborhood of Lents, on the promise of a job. Gunther von Fritsch was directing a documentary about the Bonneville Power Administration's construction of the Grand Coulee Dam on the Columbia River, and needed a narrator. Alan Lomax had recommended Guthrie to narrate the film and sing songs onscreen. The original project was expected to take 12 months, but as filmmakers became worried about casting such a political figure, they minimized Guthrie's role. The Department of the Interior hired him for one month to write songs about the Columbia River and the construction of the federal dams for the documentary's soundtrack. Guthrie toured the Columbia River and the Pacific Northwest. Guthrie said he "couldn't believe it, it's a paradise", which appeared to inspire him creatively. In one month Guthrie wrote 26 songs, including three of his most famous: "Roll On, Columbia, Roll On", "Pastures of Plenty", and "Grand Coulee Dam". The surviving songs were released as "Columbia River Songs". The film "Columbia" was not completed until 1949 (see below). At the conclusion of the month in Oregon and Washington, Guthrie wanted to return to New York. Tired of the continual uprooting, Mary Guthrie told him to go without her and the children. Although Guthrie would see Mary again, once on a tour through Los Angeles with the Almanac Singers, it was essentially the end of their marriage. Divorce was difficult, since Mary was a member of the Catholic Church, but she reluctantly agreed in December 1943.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:1940s: Building a legacy.:Almanac Singers.

paragraph: Following the conclusion of his work in the Northwest, Guthrie corresponded with Pete Seeger about Seeger's newly formed folk-protest group, the Almanac Singers. Guthrie returned to New York with plans to tour the country as a member of the group. The singers originally worked out of a loft in New York City hosting regular concerts called "hootenannies", a word Pete and Woody had picked up in their cross-country travels. The singers eventually outgrew the space and moved into the cooperative Almanac House in Greenwich Village.

paragraph: Initially Guthrie helped write and sing what the Almanac Singers termed "peace" songs; while the Nazi-Soviet Pact was in effect, until Hitler invaded the Soviet Union in June 1941, the Communist line was that World War II was a capitalist fraud. After Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union, the group wrote anti-fascist songs. The members of the Almanac Singers and residents of the Almanac House were a loosely defined group of musicians, though the core members included Guthrie, Pete Seeger, Millard Lampell and Lee Hays. In keeping with common utopian ideals, meals, chores and rent at the Almanac House were shared. The Sunday hootenannies were good opportunities to collect donation money for rent. Songs written in the Almanac House had shared songwriting credits among all the members, although in the case of "Union Maid", members would later state that Guthrie wrote the song, ensuring that his children would receive residuals.

paragraph: In the Almanac House, Guthrie added authenticity to their work, since he was a "real" working class Oklahoman. "There was the heart of America personified in Woody ... And for a New York Left that was primarily Jewish, first or second generation American, and was desperately trying to get Americanized, I think a figure like Woody was of great, great importance", a friend of the group, Irwin Silber, would say. Woody routinely emphasized his working-class image, rejected songs he felt were not in the country blues vein he was familiar with, and rarely contributed to household chores. House member Agnes "Sis" Cunningham, another Okie, would later recall that Woody "loved people to think of him as a real working class person and not an intellectual". Guthrie contributed songwriting and authenticity in much the same capacity for Pete Seeger's post-Almanac Singers project "People's Songs", a newsletter and booking organization for labor singers, founded in 1945.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:1940s: Building a legacy.:"Bound for Glory".

paragraph: Guthrie was a prolific writer, penning thousands of pages of unpublished poems and prose, many written while living in New York City. After a recording session with Alan Lomax, Lomax suggested Guthrie write an autobiography. Lomax thought Guthrie's descriptions of growing up were some of the best accounts he had read of American childhood. During this time Guthrie met Marjorie Mazia, a dancer in New York who would become his second wife. Mazia was an instructor at the prestigious Martha Graham Dance School, where she was assisting Sophie Maslow with her piece "Folksay". Based on the folklore and poetry collected by Carl Sandburg, "Folksay" included the adaptation of some of Guthrie's "Dust Bowl Ballads" for the dance. Guthrie continued to write songs and began work on his autobiography. The end product, "Bound for Glory", was completed with the patient editing assistance of Mazia and was first published by E.P. Dutton in 1943. It is vividly told in the artist's down-home dialect, with the flair and imagery of a true storyteller. "Library Journal" complained about the "too careful reproduction of illiterate speech". But Clifton Fadiman, reviewing the book in the "New York Times", paid the author a fine tribute: "Someday people are going to wake up to the fact that Woody Guthrie and the ten thousand songs that leap and tumble off the strings of his music box are a national possession, like Yellowstone and Yosemite, and part of the best stuff this country has to show the world." A film adaptation of "Bound for Glory" was released in 1976.

paragraph: In 1944 Guthrie met Moses "Moe" Asch of Folkways Records, for whom he first recorded "This Land Is Your Land". Over the next few years, he recorded "Worried Man Blues", along with hundreds of other songs. These recordings would later be released by Folkways and Stinson Records, which had joint distribution rights. The Folkways recordings are available (through the Smithsonian Institution online shop); the most complete series of these sessions, culled from dates with Asch, is titled "The Asch Recordings".

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:1940s: Building a legacy.:World War II years.

paragraph: Guthrie believed performing his anti-fascist songs and poems in the United States was the best use of his talents.

paragraph: Labor for Victory: In April 1942, "Time" magazine reported that the AFL (American Federation of Labor) and the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) had agreed to a joint radio production, called "Labor for Victory". NBC agreed to run the weekly segment as a "public service". The AFL and CIO presidents William Green and Philip Murray agreed to let their press chiefs, Philip Pearl and Len De Caux, narrate on alternate weeks. The show ran on NBC radio on Saturdays 10:15–10:30 PM, starting on April 25, 1942. "Time" wrote, "De Caux and Pearl hope to make the Labor for Victory program popular enough for an indefinite run, using labor news, name speakers and interviews with workmen. Labor partisanship, they promise, is out." Writers for "Labor for Victory" included: Peter Lyon, a progressive journalist; Millard Lampell (born Allan Sloane), later an American movie and television screenwriter; and Morton Wishengrad, who worked for the AFL.

paragraph: For entertainment on CIO episodes, De Caux asked singer and songwriter Woody Guthrie to contribute to the show. "Personally, I would like to see a phonograph record made of your 'Girl in the Red, White, and Blue. The title appears in at least one collection of Guthrie records. Guthrie consented and performed solo two or three times on this program (among several other WWII radio shows, including "Answering You", "Labor for Victory", "Jazz in America", and "We the People"). On August 29, 1942, he performed "The Farmer-Labor Train", with lyrics he had written to the tune of "Wabash Cannonball". (In 1948, he reworked the "Wabash Cannonball" melody as "The Wallace-Taylor Train" for the 1948 Progressive National Convention, which nominated former U.S. Vice President Henry A. Wallace for president.) The Almanac Singers (of which Guthrie and Lampell were co-founders) appeared on "The Treasury Hour" and CBS Radio's "We the People". The latter was later produced as a television series). (Also, Marc Blitzstein's papers show that Guthrie made some contributions to four CIO episodes (dated June 20, June 27, August 1, August 15, 1948) of "Labor for Victory.") While "Labor for Victory" was a milestone in theory as a national platform, in practice it proved less so. Only 35 of 104 NBC affiliates carried the show. Episodes included the announcement that the show represented "twelve million organized men and women, united in the high resolve to rid the world of Fascism in 1942". Speakers included Donald E. Montgomery, then "consumer's counselor" at the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Merchant Marine: Guthrie lobbied the United States Army to accept him as a USO performer instead of conscripting him as a soldier in the draft. When Guthrie's attempts failed, his friends Cisco Houston and Jim Longhi persuaded the singer to join the U.S. Merchant Marine in June 1943. He made several voyages aboard merchant ships SS "William B. Travis", SS "William Floyd", and SS "Sea Porpoise", while they traveled in convoys during the Battle of the Atlantic. He served as a mess man and dishwasher, and frequently sang for the crew and troops to buoy their spirits on transatlantic voyages. His first ship, "William B. Travis", hit a mine in the Mediterranean Sea, which killed one person aboard, but it sailed to Bizerte, Tunisia under her own power.

paragraph: His last ship, "Sea Porpoise", took troops from the United States to England and France for the D-Day invasion. Guthrie was aboard when the ship was torpedoed off Utah Beach by the German submarine U-390 on July 5, 1944, injuring 12 of the crew. Guthrie was unhurt and the ship stayed afloat; it returned to England, where it was repaired at Newcastle. In July 1944 it returned to the United States.

paragraph: Guthrie was an active supporter of the National Maritime Union, the main union for wartime American merchant sailors. Guthrie wrote songs about his experience in the Merchant Marine but was never satisfied with them. Longhi later wrote about Guthrie's marine experiences in his book "Woody, Cisco and Me". The book offers a rare first-hand account of Guthrie during his Merchant Marine service. In 1945, the government decided that Guthrie's association with Communism made him ineligible for further service in the Merchant Marine; he was drafted into the U.S. Army.

paragraph: While he was on from the Army, Guthrie married Marjorie. After his discharge, they moved into a house on Mermaid Avenue in Coney Island and over time had four children: daughters Cathy and Nora; and sons Arlo and Joady. Cathy died as a result of a fire at the age of four, and Guthrie suffered a serious depression from his grief. Arlo and Joady followed in their father's footsteps as singer-songwriters.

paragraph: When his family was young, Guthrie wrote and recorded "Songs to Grow on for Mother and Child", a collection of children's music, which includes the song "Goodnight Little Arlo (Goodnight Little Darlin')", written when Arlo was about nine years old. During 1947 he wrote "House of Earth", an historical novel containing explicit sexual material, about a couple who build a house made of clay and earth to withstand the Dust Bowl's brutal weather. He could not get it published. It was published posthumously in 2013, by Harper, under actor Johnny Depp's publishing imprint, Infinitum Nihil.

paragraph: In 1949, Guthrie's music was used in the documentary film "Columbia River", which explored government dams and hydroelectric projects on the river. Guthrie had been commissioned by the US Bonneville Power Administration in 1941 to write songs for the project, but it had been postponed by World War II.

paragraph: Section::::Post-war: Mermaid Avenue.

paragraph: The years immediately after the war when he lived on Mermaid Avenue were among Guthrie's most productive as a writer. His extensive writings from this time were archived and maintained by Marjorie and later his estate, mostly handled by his daughter Nora. Several of the manuscripts also contain writing by a young Arlo and the other Guthrie children.

paragraph: During this time Ramblin' Jack Elliott studied extensively under Guthrie, visiting his home and observing how he wrote and performed. Elliott, like Bob Dylan later, idolized Guthrie. He was inspired by the singer's idiomatic performance style and repertoire. Because of the decline caused by Guthrie's progressive Huntington's disease, Arlo Guthrie and Bob Dylan both later said that they had learned much of Guthrie's performance style from Elliott. When asked about this, Elliott said, "I was flattered. Dylan learned from me the same way I learned from Woody. Woody didn't teach me. He just said, If you want to learn something, just steal it—that's the way I learned from Lead Belly."

paragraph: Section::::Post-war: Mermaid Avenue.:1950s and 1960s.

paragraph: Section::::Post-war: Mermaid Avenue.:1950s and 1960s.:Deteriorating health due to Huntington's.

paragraph: By the late 1940s, Guthrie's health was declining, and his behavior was becoming extremely erratic. He received various diagnoses (including alcoholism and schizophrenia). In 1952, it was finally determined that he was suffering from Huntington's disease, a genetic disorder inherited from his mother. Believing him to be a danger to their children because of his behavior, Marjorie suggested he return to California without her. They eventually divorced.

paragraph: Upon his return to California, Guthrie lived at the Theatricum Botanicum, a summer-stock type theatre founded and owned by Will Geer. Together with singers and actors who had been blacklisted by HUAC, he waited out the anti-communist political climate.

paragraph: As his health worsened, he met and married his third wife, Anneke Van Kirk. They had a child, Lorinna Lynn. The couple moved to Fruit Cove, Florida, where they briefly lived. They lived in a bus on land called Beluthahatchee, owned by his friend Stetson Kennedy. Guthrie's arm was hurt in an accident when gasoline used to start the campfire exploded. Although he regained movement in the arm, he was never able to play the guitar again. In 1954, the couple returned to New York. Shortly after, Anneke filed for divorce, a result of the strain of caring for Guthrie. Van Kirk left New York after arranging for friends to adopt Lorinna Lynn. Lorinna had no further contact with her birth parents. She died in a car accident in California in 1973 at the age of 19. After the divorce, Guthrie's second wife, Marjorie, re-entered his life and cared for him until his death.

paragraph: Increasingly unable to control his muscles, Guthrie was hospitalized at Greystone Park Psychiatric Hospital in Morris County, New Jersey, from 1956 to 1961; at Brooklyn State Hospital (now Kingsboro Psychiatric Center) in East Flatbush until 1966; and finally at Creedmoor Psychiatric Center in Queens Village, New York, until his death in 1967. Marjorie and the children visited Guthrie at Greystone every Sunday. They answered fan mail and the children played on the hospital grounds. Eventually a longtime fan of Guthrie invited the family to his nearby home for the Sunday visits. This lasted until Guthrie was moved to the Brooklyn State Hospital, which was closer to Howard Beach, New York, where Marjorie and the children then lived.

paragraph: During the final few years of his life, Guthrie had become isolated except for family. The progression of Huntington's threw Guthrie into extreme emotional states, causing him to lash out at those nearby and to damage a prized book collection of Anneke's. Huntington's symptoms include uncharacteristic aggression, emotional volatility, and social disinhibition.

paragraph: Guthrie's illness was essentially untreated, because of a lack of knowledge about the disease. Because of his professional renown, his death from this cause helped raise awareness of the disease. Marjorie helped found the Committee to Combat Huntington's Disease, which became the Huntington's Disease Society of America. None of Guthrie's three surviving children with Marjorie has developed symptoms of Huntington's.

paragraph: His son Bill with his first wife Mary Guthrie died in an auto-train accident in Pomona, California, at the age of 23. His and Mary's two daughters, Gwendolyn and Sue, both suffered from Huntington's disease. They each died at age 41.

paragraph: Section::::Post-war: Mermaid Avenue.:1950s and 1960s.:Folk revival and Guthrie's death.

paragraph: In the late 1950s and early 1960s, a new generation of young people was inspired by folk singers such as Guthrie. These "folk revivalists" became more politically aware in their music than those of the previous generation. The American Folk Revival was beginning to take place, focused on the issues of the day, such as the civil rights movement and Free Speech Movement. Pockets of folk singers were forming around the country in places such as Cambridge, Massachusetts, and the Greenwich Village neighborhood of New York City. One of Guthrie's visitors at Greystone Park was the 19-year-old Bob Dylan, who idolized Guthrie. Dylan wrote of Guthrie's repertoire: "The songs themselves were really beyond category. They had the infinite sweep of humanity in them." After learning of Guthrie's whereabouts, Dylan regularly visited him.

paragraph: Guthrie died of complications of Huntington's disease on October 3, 1967. By the time of his death, his work had been discovered by a new audience, introduced to them through Dylan, Pete Seeger, Ramblin' Jack Elliott, his ex-wife Marjorie and other new members of the folk revival, and his son Arlo.

paragraph: I hate a song that makes you think that you are not any good. I hate a song that makes you think that you are just born to lose. Bound to lose. No good to nobody. No good for nothing. Because you are too old or too young or too fat or too slim too ugly or too this or too that. Songs that run you down or poke fun at you on account of your bad luck or hard traveling.

paragraph: I am out to fight those songs to my very last breath of air and my last drop of blood. I am out to sing songs that will prove to you that this is your world and that if it has hit you pretty hard and knocked you for a dozen loops, no matter what color, what size you are, how you are built.

paragraph: I am out to sing the songs that make you take pride in yourself and in your work

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Guthrie was married three times and fathered eight children, including American folk musician Arlo Guthrie.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married: Mary Esta Jennings (1933–1943), Marjorie Greenblatt Mazia (1945–1953), Anneke van Kirk (1953–1954)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Children (8): Gwendolyn Gail (1935–1976), Sue (1937–1978), Bill (1939–1962), Cathy Ann (1943–1947), Arlo Davy (1947–), Joady Ben (1948–), Nora (1950–), Lorinna Lynn (1954–1973)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grandfather of musician Sarah Lee Guthrie

paragraph: Section::::Musical legacy.

paragraph: Section::::Musical legacy.:Woody Guthrie Foundation.

paragraph: The Woody Guthrie Foundation is a non-profit organization that serves as administrator and caretaker of the Woody Guthrie Archives. The archives house the largest collection of Guthrie material in the world. In 2013, the archives were relocated from New York City to the Woody Guthrie Center in Tulsa, Oklahoma, after being purchased by the Tulsa-based George Kaiser Foundation. The Center officially opened on April 27, 2013. The Woody Guthrie Center features, in addition to the archives, a museum focused on the life and the influence of Guthrie through his music, writings, art, and political activities. The museum is open to the public; the archives are open only to researchers by appointment. The archives contains thousands of items related to Guthrie, including original artwork, books, correspondence, lyrics, manuscripts, media, notebooks, periodicals, personal papers, photographs, scrapbooks, and other special collections.

paragraph: Guthrie's unrecorded written lyrics housed at the archives have been the starting point of several albums including the Wilco and Billy Bragg albums "Mermaid Avenue" and "Mermaid Avenue Vol. II", created in 1998 sessions at the invitation of Guthrie's daughter Nora. The Native American (Diné) trio Blackfire also interpreted previously unreleased Guthrie lyrics at Nora's invitation. Jonatha Brooke's 2008 album, "The Works", includes lyrics from the Woody Guthrie Archives set to music by Jonatha Brooke. The various artists compilation "Note of Hope: A Celebration of Woody Guthrie" was released in 2011. Nora selected Jay Farrar, Will Johnson, Anders Parker, and Yim Yames to record her father's lyrics for "New Multitudes" to honor the 100th anniversary of his birth and a was also released.

paragraph: Section::::Musical legacy.:Folk Festival.

paragraph: The Woody Guthrie Folk Festival is held annually in mid-July to commemorate Guthrie's life and music. The festival is held on the weekend closest to Guthrie's birth date (July 14) in Guthrie's hometown of Okemah, Oklahoma. Planned and implemented annually by the Woody Guthrie Coalition, a non-profit corporation, the goal is simply to ensure Guthrie's musical legacy. The Woody Guthrie Coalition commissioned a local Creek Indian sculptor to cast a full-body bronze statue of Guthrie and his guitar, complete with the guitar's well-known inscription: "This machine kills fascists". The statue, sculpted by artist Dan Brook, stands along Okemah's main street in the heart of downtown and was unveiled in 1998, the inaugural year of the festival.

paragraph: Section::::Musical legacy.:Jewish songs.

paragraph: Marjorie Mazia was born Marjorie Greenblatt and her mother, Aliza Greenblatt, was a well-known Yiddish poet. With her, Guthrie wrote numerous Jewish lyrics. Guthrie's Jewish lyrics can be traced to the unusual collaborative relationship he had with his mother-in-law, who lived across from Guthrie and his family in Brooklyn in the 1940s. Guthrie (the Oklahoma troubadour) and Greenblatt (the Jewish wordsmith) often discussed their artistic projects and critiqued each other's works, finding common ground in their shared love of culture and social justice, despite very different backgrounds. Their collaboration flourished in 1940s Brooklyn, where Jewish culture was interwoven with music, modern dance, poetry and anti-fascist, pro-labor, classic socialist activism. Guthrie was inspired to write songs that came directly out of this unlikely relationship, both personal and political; he identified the problems of Jews with those of his fellow Okies and other oppressed peoples.

paragraph: These lyrics were rediscovered by Nora Guthrie and were set to music by the Jewish Klezmer group The Klezmatics with the release of "Happy Joyous Hanukkah" on JMG Records in 2007. The Klezmatics also released "Wonder Wheel – Lyrics by Woody Guthrie", an album of spiritual lyrics put to music composed by the band. The album, produced by Danny Blume, was awarded a Grammy Award for Best Contemporary World Music Album.

paragraph: Section::::Musical legacy.:Tributes.

paragraph: Since his death, artists have paid tribute to Guthrie by covering his songs or by dedicating songs to him. On January 20, 1968, three months after Guthrie's death, Harold Leventhal produced "A Tribute to Woody Guthrie" at New York City's Carnegie Hall. Performers included Jack Elliott, Pete Seeger, Tom Paxton, Bob Dylan and The Band, Judy Collins, Arlo Guthrie, Richie Havens, Odetta, and others. Leventhal repeated the tribute on September 12, 1970, at the Hollywood Bowl. Recordings of both concerts were eventually released as LPs and later combined into one CD.

paragraph: The Irish folk singer Christy Moore was also strongly influenced by Woody Guthrie in his seminal 1972 album "Prosperous", giving renditions of "The Ludlow Massacre" and Bob Dylan's "Song to Woody". Dylan also penned the poem "Last Thoughts on Woody Guthrie" as a tribute. Andy Irvine—Moore's bandmate in Irish folk group Planxty and lifelong admirer of Guthrie—wrote his tribute song "" (released on the album "Rain on the Roof"), which includes the chorus from a song Guthrie recorded in March 1944: "". In 1986, Irvine also recorded both parts of Guthrie's "The Ballad of Tom Joad" together as a complete song—under the title of "Tom Joad"—on the first album released by his other band, Patrick Street. Bruce Springsteen also performed a cover of Guthrie's "This Land is Your Land" on his live album "Live 1975–1985". In the introduction to the song, Springsteen referred to it as "just about one of the most beautiful songs ever written."

paragraph: In 1979 Sammy Walker's LP "Songs From Woody's Pen" was released by Folkways Records. Though the original recordings of these songs date back more than 30 years, Walker sings them in a traditional folk-revivalist manner reminiscent of Guthrie's social conscience and sense of humor. Speaking of Guthrie, Walker said: "I can't think of hardly anyone who has had as much influence on my own singing and songwriting as Woody."

paragraph: In September 1996 Cleveland's Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum and Case Western Reserve University cohosted "Hard Travelin': The Life and Legacy of Woody Guthrie", a 10-day conference of panel sessions, lectures, and concerts. The conference became the first in what would become the museum's annual American Music Masters Series conference. Highlights included Arlo Guthrie's keynote address, a Saturday night musical jamboree at Cleveland's Odeon Theater, and a Sunday night concert at Severance Hall, the home of the Cleveland Orchestra. Musicians performing over the course of the conference included Arlo Guthrie, Bruce Springsteen, Billy Bragg, Pete Seeger, Ramblin' Jack Elliott, the Indigo Girls, Ellis Paul, Jimmy LaFave, Ani DiFranco, and others. In 1999, Wesleyan University Press published a collection of essays from the conference and DiFranco's record label, [[Righteous Babe Records|Righteous Babe]], released a compilation of the Severance Hall concert, "'Til We Outnumber 'Em", in 2000.

paragraph: From 1999 to 2002 the [[Smithsonian Institution|Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service]] presented the traveling exhibit, "This Land Is Your Land: The Life and Legacy of Woody Guthrie". In collaboration with Nora Guthrie, the Smithsonian exhibition draws from rarely seen objects, illustrations, film footage, and recorded performances to reveal a complex man who was at once poet, musician, protester, idealist, itinerant hobo, and folk legend.

paragraph: In 2003, Jimmy LaFave produced a Woody Guthrie tribute show called "Ribbon of Highway, Endless Skyway". The ensemble show toured around the country and included a rotating cast of singer-songwriters individually performing Guthrie's songs. Interspersed between songs were Guthrie's philosophical writings read by a narrator. In addition to LaFave, members of the rotating cast included [[Ellis Paul]], [[Slaid Cleaves]], [[Eliza Gilkyson]], [[Joel Rafael]], husband-wife duo [[Sarah Lee Guthrie & Johnny Irion|Sarah Lee Guthrie]] (Woody Guthrie's granddaughter) and [[Sarah Lee Guthrie & Johnny Irion|Johnny Irion]], [[Michael Fracasso]], and [[The Burns Sisters]]. Oklahoma songwriter [[Bob Childers]], sometimes called "the Dylan of the Dust", served as narrator. When word spread about the tour, performers began contacting LaFave, whose only prerequisite was to have an inspirational connection to Guthrie. Each artist chose the Guthrie songs that he or she would perform as part of the tribute. LaFave said, "It works because all the performers are Guthrie enthusiasts in some form". The inaugural performance of the Ribbon of Highway tour took place on February 5, 2003 at the [[Ryman Auditorium]] in [[Nashville]]. The abbreviated show was a featured segment of "Nashville Sings Woody", yet another tribute concert to commemorate the music of Woody Guthrie held during the Folk Alliance Conference. The cast of "Nashville Sings Woody", a benefit for the Woody Guthrie Foundation and Archives, also included Arlo Guthrie, [[Marty Stuart]], [[Nanci Griffith]], [[Guy Clark]], Ramblin' Jack Elliott, [[Janis Ian]], and others.

paragraph: [[File:New Multitudes at Webster Hall.jpg|alt=New Multitudes onstage with red lighting|thumb|As a part of Guthrie's centennial celebrations, the "[[New Multitudes]]" performers played compositions including his lyrics at Webster Hall in New York City (from left to right: [[Anders Parker]], [[Will Johnson (musician)|Will Johnson]] [drumming], [[Jay Farrar]], and [[Jim James|Yim Yames]])]]

paragraph: Woody and Marjorie Guthrie were honored at a musical celebration featuring [[Billy Bragg]] and the band [[Brad (band)|Brad]] on October 17, 2007 at [[Webster Hall]] in New York City. [[Steve Earle]] also performed. The event was hosted by actor/activist [[Tim Robbins]] to benefit the Huntington's Disease Society of America to commemorate the organization's 40th Anniversary.

paragraph: In ""[[I'm Not There]]"", a 2007 biographical movie about [[Bob Dylan]], one of the characters introduced in the film as segments of Dylan's life is a young African-American boy who calls himself "Woody Guthrie". The purpose of this particular character was a reference to Dylan's youthful obsession with Guthrie. The fictional Woody also reflects the fictitious autobiographies that Dylan constructed during his early career as he established his own artistic identity. In the film there is even a scene where the fictional Woody visits the real Woody Guthrie as he lies ill and dying in a hospital in New York (a reference to the times when a nineteen-year-old Dylan would regularly visit his idol, after learning of his whereabouts, while he was hospitalized in New York in the 1960s). Later, a sketch on "Saturday Night Live" would spoof these visits, alleging that Dylan stole the line, "They'll stone you for playing your guitar!" from Guthrie.

paragraph: [[File:Okemah mural.jpg|alt=|thumb|Guthrie has continued to remain popular decades after his death; this mural was painted in his hometown of Okemah in 1994]]

paragraph: Pete Seeger had the [[Sloop Woody Guthrie|Sloop "Woody Guthrie"]] built for an organization he founded, the [[Hudson River Sloop Clearwater]]. It was launched in 1978. Now operated by the Beacon Sloop Club, it serves to educate people about sailing and the history and environs of the [[Hudson River]].

paragraph: In 1988 he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, and in 2000 he was honored with the [[Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award]].

paragraph: In 1987, "[[Roll on Columbia]]" was chosen as the official Washington State Folk Song,

paragraph: and in 2001 Guthrie's "[[Oklahoma Hills]]" was chosen to be the official state folk song of Oklahoma.

paragraph: Guthrie was inducted into the [[Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame]] in 1997.

paragraph: On June 26, 1998, as part of its Legends of American Music series, the [[United States Postal Service]] issued 45 million 32-cent stamps honoring folk musicians [[Huddie Ledbetter]], Guthrie, [[Sonny Terry]] and [[Josh White]]. The four musicians were represented on sheets of 20 stamps.

paragraph: In July 2001, [[CB's Gallery]] in New York City began hosting an annual Woody Guthrie Birthday Bash concert featuring multiple performers. This event moved to the [[Bowery Poetry Club]] in 2007 after CB's Gallery and [[CBGB]], its parent club, closed. The final concert in the series took place on July 14, 2012, Guthrie's 100th birthday.

paragraph: In 2006, [[The Klezmatics]] set Jewish lyrics written by Guthrie to music. The resulting album, "[[Wonder Wheel (album)|Wonder Wheel]]", won the Grammy award for best contemporary world music album. Also in 2006, Guthrie was inducted into the [[Oklahoma Hall of Fame]].

paragraph: On February 10, 2008, "[[The Live Wire: Woody Guthrie in Performance 1949]]", a rare live recording released in cooperation with the Woody Guthrie Foundation, was the recipient of a [[Grammy Award]] in the category [[Best Historical Album]]. Less than two years later, Guthrie was again nominated for a Grammy in the same category with the 2009 release of "My Dusty Road" on Rounder Records.

paragraph: In the centennial year of Guthrie's birth another album of newly composed songs on his lyrics has been released: "[[New Multitudes]]". On March 10, 2012, there was a tribute concert at the Brady Theater in [[Tulsa, Oklahoma]]. [[John Mellencamp]], Arlo Guthrie, [[Sarah Lee Guthrie & Johnny Irion]], the [[Del McCoury Band]] and the [[Flaming Lips]] performed.

paragraph: The [[Grammy Museum at L.A. Live|Grammy Museum]] held a tribute week in April 2012 and the [[Songwriters Hall of Fame]] a tribute in June. A four-disc box "Mermaid Avenue: The Complete Sessions" by Billy Bragg and Wilco, with 17 unreleased songs and a documentary, was planned for April release.

paragraph: On July 10, 2012, [[Smithsonian Folkways]] released the "Woody at 100: The Woody Guthrie Centennial Collection", a 150-page large-format book with three CDs containing 57 tracks. The set also contains 21 previously unreleased performances and six never before released original songs, including Woody's first known—and recently discovered—recordings from 1937. The box set received two nominations for the 55th Annual Grammy Awards, including Best Historical Album and Best Boxed Or Special Limited Edition Package. It also won an Independent Music Award for Best Compilation Album in 2013.

paragraph: Section::::Selected discography.

paragraph: Many Guthrie tracks have been repeatedly repackaged and reordered. Items here are listed in order of the most recent published date, not original recording date.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- [[:Category:Woody Guthrie songs|List of songs by Woody Guthrie]]

paragraph: BULLET::::- [[:Category:Woody Guthrie albums|List of albums by Woody Guthrie]]

paragraph: BULLET::::- [[List of peace activists]]

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Sources:

paragraph: Section::::Further reading and listening.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Down Home Radio Show. LeadBelly & Woody Guthrie live on WNYC Radio, Dec. 1940. Audio re-broadcast of a 1940 radio show. Retrieved on January 29, 2008.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Earle, Steve. Woody Guthrie. "The Nation", July 21, 2003. Retrieved on January 29, 2008.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Electronic Frontier Foundation. Scanned images of some of Woody Guthrie's original works. Retrieved on January 29, 2008.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guthrie, Mary Jo. Woody's Road: Woody Guthrie's Letters Home, Drawings, Photos, and Other Unburied Treasures Paradigm Publishers, 2012.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hogeland, William (March 14, 2004), "Emulating the Real and Vital Guthrie, Not St. Woody", "New York Times".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jackson, Mark Allen. "Prophet Singer: The Voice and Vision of Woody Guthrie". University Press of Mississippi, January 2007.

paragraph: BULLET::::- La Chapelle, Peter. Is Country Music Inherently Conservative? History News Network. November 12, 2007. Retrieved on January 29, 2008.

paragraph: BULLET::::- La Chapelle, Peter. "Proud to Be an Okie: Cultural Politics, Country Music, and Migration to Southern California". University of California Press, 2007. (hb); (pb)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Library of Congress. Timeline of Woody Guthrie (1912–1967). Retrieved on January 29, 2008.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Library of Congress. Woody Guthrie and the Archive of American Folk Song: Correspondence, 1940–1950. Retrieved on January 29, 2008.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marroquin, Danny. Walking the Long Road. PopMatters.com. August 4, 2006. Retrieved on January 29, 2008.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pascal, Rich. "Celebrating the Real America", Canberra ACT news, sport and weather | The Canberra Times.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Public Broadcasting Service. "Woody Guthrie: Ain't Got No Home". Documentary from PBS' [[American Masters]] series, July 2006. Retrieved on January 29, 2008.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony Silicon Valley Concert Recordings. David Amram's "Symphonic Variations on a Song by Woody Guthrie" Recorded September 30, 2007. Audio recording. Retrieved on January 11, 2008.

paragraph: BULLET::::- University of Oregon. "Roll on Columbia: Woody Guthrie and the Bonneville Power Administration". Video documentary. Retrieved on January 29, 2008.

paragraph: BULLET::::- University of Virginia. Guthrie singing "This Land Is Your Land". MP3 recording. Retrieved on January 29, 2008.

paragraph: BULLET::::- WoodyGuthrie.de. Woody Guthrie Related Audio. Miscellaneous Real Audio files featuring Pete Seeger, Arlo Guthrie, Alan Lomax and others. Retrieved on January 29, 2008.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Woody Guthrie Center

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Woody Guthrie Foundation and Archives

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Woody Guthrie and the Archive of American Folk Song: Correspondence, 1940–1950", [[Library of Congress]], [[American Folklife Center]]. [[American Memory]] presentation of archival correspondence written by Woody Guthrie to the staff of the [[Archive of American Folk Song]]. Retrieved August 31, 2009

paragraph: BULLET::::- Woody Guthrie in NYC, 1943 – slideshow by "[[Life magazine]]"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Folksay (1945) Board - Getty Images Photographs of Woody Guthrie on early television in 1945 at [[CBS]] New York in a production of "Folksay".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Woody Guthrie's Discography on Smithsonian Folkways

paragraph: BULLET::::- Songfacts interview with Anna Canoni (Guthrie's granddaughter)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture – Guthrie, Woody

paragraph: BULLET::::- Voices of Oklahoma interview with Nora Guthrie. First person interview conducted on October 10, 2010, with Nora Guthrie, daughter of Woody Guthrie.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Woody at 100: The Woody Guthrie Centennial Collection by [[Smithsonian Folkways Recordings]]

paragraph: BULLET::::- Voices of Oklahoma interview with Mary Jo Guthrie. First person interview conducted on May 9, 2013 with Mary Jo Guthrie talking about her brother Woody Guthrie.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Voices of Oklahoma interview with Guy Logsdon. First person interview conducted on February 16, 2010, with Guy Logsdon, Woody Guthrie historian.

paragraph: [[Category:Woody Guthrie| ]]

paragraph: [[Category:1912 births]]

paragraph: [[Category:1967 deaths]]

paragraph: [[Category:20th-century American singers]]

paragraph: [[Category:20th-century violinists]]

paragraph: [[Category:American acoustic guitarists]]

paragraph: [[Category:American anti-fascists]]

paragraph: [[Category:American autobiographers]]

paragraph: [[Category:American buskers]]

paragraph: [[Category:American communists]]

paragraph: [[Category:American folk guitarists]]

paragraph: [[Category:American male guitarists]]

paragraph: [[Category:American folk singers]]

paragraph: [[Category:American folk-song collectors]]

paragraph: [[Category:American harmonica players]]

paragraph: [[Category:American male singer-songwriters]]

paragraph: [[Category:American singer-songwriters]]

paragraph: [[Category:American mandolinists]]

paragraph: [[Category:American people of Scottish descent]]

paragraph: [[Category:American sailors]]

paragraph: [[Category:American socialists]]

paragraph: [[Category:American violinists]]

paragraph: [[Category:American male violinists]]

paragraph: [[Category:Cub Records artists]]

paragraph: [[Category:Deaths from Huntington's disease]]

paragraph: [[Category:Deaths from neurodegenerative disease]]

paragraph: [[Category:Disease-related deaths in New York (state)]]

paragraph: [[Category:Folk musicians from Oklahoma]]

paragraph: [[Category:Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award winners]]

paragraph: [[Category:Guthrie family|Woody]]

paragraph: [[Category:Huntington's disease]]

paragraph: [[Category:Industrial Workers of the World members]]

paragraph: [[Category:Singers from Oklahoma]]

paragraph: [[Category:People diagnosed with Huntington's disease]]

paragraph: [[Category:People from Echo Park, Los Angeles]]

paragraph: [[Category:People from Okemah, Oklahoma]]

paragraph: [[Category:People from Topanga, California]]

paragraph: [[Category:Political music]]

paragraph: [[Category:Rounder Records artists]]

paragraph: [[Category:Shack dwellers]]

paragraph: [[Category:Songster musicians]]

paragraph: [[Category:Songwriters from Oklahoma]]

paragraph: [[Category:Squatters]]

paragraph: [[Category:Vanguard Records artists]]

paragraph: [[Category:World War II poets]]

paragraph: [[Category:20th-century male writers]]

paragraph: [[Category:Guitarists from Oklahoma]]

paragraph: [[Category:Guitarists from California]]

paragraph: [[Category:20th-century American guitarists]]

paragraph: [[Category:Articles containing video clips]]

paragraph: [[Category:American male non-fiction writers]]

alias:
Woodrow Wilson Guthrie
Woodrow Wilson "Woody" Guthrie

description: American singer-songwriter and folk musician

enwikiquote_title: Woody Guthrie

wikidata_label: Woody Guthrie

wikipedia_title: Woody Guthrie


text: Teutonic Knight

text: Grand Duchy of Lithuania

text: Vytautas

text: Grand Duke of Lithuania

text: Jogaila

text: Lithuanian Civil War (1381–1384)

text: castellan

text: Neman River

text: Ragnit

text: Lithuanian language

text: Samogitia

text: Treaty of Salynas

text: Battle of the Vorskla River

text: Golden Horde

text: Samogitian uprising

text: Peace of Raciąż

text: Birutė

text: Battle of Grunwald

text: Komtur

text: Brandenburg

text: Jan Długosz

text: Banderia Prutenorum

categories: 1410 deaths,People from the State of the Teutonic Order,Teutonic Knights,People in the Battle of Grunwald,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Marquard von Salzbach

paragraph: Marquard (or Markward) von Salzbach was a Teutonic Knight, who played a prominent role in shaping the relationship between the Knights and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania between 1389 and 1410.

paragraph: He was taken captive in July 1384 by Vytautas, Grand Duke of Lithuania, after Vytautas reconciled with his cousin Jogaila during the Lithuanian Civil War (1381–1384). At the time Marquard was a castellan of New Marienburg, a Teutonic Castle on the Neman River. Marquard became a friend and close adviser of Vytautas, who sent him on diplomatic missions to establish alliance with the Knights when another civil war broke out in Lithuania in 1389. Marquard regained freedom and rejoined the Knights, becoming castellan of Ragnit and valued expert of Lithuanian affairs due to his fluent command of the Lithuanian language and intimate knowledge of the royal court.

paragraph: When Vytautas turned against the Knights, Marquard fought against Lithuania in an attempt to conquer Samogitia. Marquard helped to negotiate the peace in the 1398 Treaty of Salynas and was able to bring 1,600 cavalry to support Vytautas in the 1399 Battle of the Vorskla River against the Golden Horde. The battle ended in a crushing defeat of the Lithuanians and Vytautas barely escaped alive. Of the Teutonic forces, only three knights escaped with a few low-rank soldiers.

paragraph: After Vytautas-inspired first Samogitian uprising, Marquard accused Vytautas of treachery and almost derailed negotiations for the 1404 Peace of Raciąż. After conclusion of the treaty, Marquard further insulted Vytautas by attacking his murdered mother, Birutė. The personal conflict grew further, and was finally resolved during the 1410 Battle of Grunwald, where Marquard participated as Komtur of Brandenburg. According to Jan Długosz's notes in "Banderia Prutenorum", he was taken prisoner by Długosz's father and then beheaded by Vytautas when he refused to apologize for the insult.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Notes

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bibliography

description: Teutonic knight

wikidata_label: Marquard von Salzbach

wikipedia_title: Marquard von Salzbach


text:
Stege
Møn
Bornholm
Danish West Indies
Newport, County Mayo
Danish-Norwegian Navy
Battle of Copenhagen
Kristiansand
Scheldt
Helsingør
Prussian Navigationsschule
Radaune River
Longé
Prussian Navy

categories: 1845 deaths,Royal Danish Navy admirals,18th-century Danish military personnel,Prussian naval officers,Bille family,1769 births,Royal Dano-Norwegian Navy personnel

paragraph: Michael Bille

paragraph: Michael Johannes Petronius Bille was a Danish-Norwegian, and Prussian naval officer born 8 November 1769 in Stege on the Danish Island of Møn into a naval family which had produced and would produce Danish admirals.

paragraph: Michael was sailing on the Danish frigate "Bornholm" (captained by his father Mathias) when it was caught in a hurricane off the Danish West Indies Islands. After days of struggle, the ship ran aground off Newport, County Mayo, Ireland on March 17, 1782. Mathias died in the affair. Bille became an officer in the Danish-Norwegian Navy in 1789 and participated in the Battle of Copenhagen on 2 April 1801, where he commanded the lower battery of the "Prøvesteenen" which fired the first shot at the British.

paragraph: Over fifteen years he also served as a teacher of mathematics and astronomy at the Seekadettenakademiet (Dansk Søværnets Officersskole).

paragraph: From 1807-1811, he served as a captain stationed in Kristiansand in charge of the gunboat squadron (Roflotillen). In 1812-1813 he commanded a French warship in the Scheldt. From 1815 he served as pilot inspector in Helsingør until he entered Prussian service in 1820.

paragraph: In 1821 he began a very fruitful career as director of the Prussian Navigationsschule in Danzig. After three years he moved the school into a building that lay outside Danzig at the mouth of the Radaune River because the St. Jacob Church was inadequate. The school was then assigned to the war schooner "Stralsund" commanded by Longé. From 1825 the school also had the gunboat "Danzig". Bille and the vessels were under the authority of the Ministry of War in Berlin. This may be seen as the beginning of the Prussian Navy.

paragraph: The number of students increased from 40 in 1827 to 115-120 in 1831.

paragraph: He resigned from Prussian service 3 May 1838 because he had become a Rear Admiral the Danish Navy, which was also his resignation from the Danish navy. He had performed excellently and was still well remembered in 1897: “A better leader for this branch of navigation at that time would have been difficult to find. The Danish origin was not an obstacle to him while fulfilling his official duties with pleasure and zeal.”

paragraph: As Rear Admiral from 1838 he busied himself with writing and research in natural sciences. In 1840 he published a book on navigation "Tankar om och i navigationen." He died in Copenhagen 27 March 1845.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- General references

description: Danish admiral

wikidata_label: Michael Bille

wikipedia_title: Michael Bille


text:
fencer
foil
1936 Summer Olympics

categories: Olympic medalists in fencing,Fencers at the 1936 Summer Olympics,Olympic silver medalists for France,Sportspeople from Vosges (department),French male fencers,Olympic fencers of France,Medalists at the 1936 Summer Olympics,1913 births,1977 deaths

paragraph: André Gardère

paragraph: André Gardère (8 May 1913 – 16 February 1977) was a French fencer. He won a silver medal in the team foil event at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

description: French fencer

wikidata_label: André Gardère

wikipedia_title: André Gardère


text:
fencer
photographer
foil
1936 Summer Olympics

categories: Olympic medalists in fencing,1896 births,Fencers at the 1936 Summer Olympics,Olympic fencers of Germany,People from Biberach an der Riss,Medalists at the 1936 Summer Olympics,German male fencers,People from the Kingdom of Württemberg,Olympic bronze medalists for Germany,1967 deaths

paragraph: Stefan Rosenbauer

paragraph: Stefan Rosenbauer (24 March 1896 – 18 August 1967) was a German fencer and photographer. He won a bronze medal in the team foil event at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

description: fencer

wikidata_label: Stefan Rosenbauer

wikipedia_title: Stefan Rosenbauer


text: Roman Catholic Diocese of Paterson

text: northern

text: New Jersey

text: Newark, New Jersey

text: Ironbound

text: Seton Hall Preparatory School

text: Seton Hall University

text: Mahwah, New Jersey

text: Pontifical Gregorian University

text: Pontifical North American College

text: Archdiocese of Newark

text: S.T.D.

text: S.S.L.

text: rector

text: Immaculate Conception Seminary

text: Pope John Paul II

text: Prelate of Honor

text: College of Consultors

text: Presbyteral Council

text: Auxiliary Bishop

text: titular see

text: Enera

text: Theodore McCarrick

text: Michael Angelo Saltarelli

text: Paul Gregory Bootkoski

text: Essex County

text: Archdiocese of Washington, D.C.

text: John J. Myers

text: Bishop of Peoria, Illinois

text: Vicar General

text: Frank J. Rodimer

text: Lectionary

text: Roman Missal

text: Catechism

text: American College of Louvain

text: Assumption College for Sisters

text: Denville, New Jersey

text: College of St. Elizabeth

text: Convent Station

text: Seton Hall University

text: Paul Fiddes

text: Catholic Church hierarchy

text: Catholic Church in the United States

text: Biography, Diocese of Paterson website

categories: Roman Catholic bishops of Newark,Seton Hall Preparatory School alumni,Roman Catholic Bishops of Paterson,American Roman Catholic bishops,Seton Hall University alumni,1944 births,Pontifical Gregorian University alumni,Assumption College people,Clergy from Newark, New Jersey,Living people

paragraph: Arthur J. Serratelli

paragraph: Arthur Joseph Serratelli (born April 18, 1944) is the bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Paterson in northern New Jersey, USA.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Serratelli was born in Newark, New Jersey, and attended Our Lady of Mount Carmel Church in the Ironbound section of Newark. He graduated from Seton Hall Preparatory School in 1961. He attended Seton Hall University for two years, then moved to the Darlington section of Mahwah, New Jersey, to attend the Immaculate Conception Seminary School of Theology. After two years of philosophy studies, Serratelli continued his studies in Rome at the Pontifical Gregorian University, residing at the Pontifical North American College.

paragraph: Section::::Priestly ministry.

paragraph: Ordained for the Archdiocese of Newark in 1968, Serratelli worked in a parish for a short period of time and then taught at the seminary. He then returned to Rome and earned his S.T.D. and S.S.L. degrees.

paragraph: Serratelli returned to the Archdiocese of Newark and taught scripture at Seton Hall University School of Theology for over 20 years. He also held other positions during this time, including rector of the College division of the Immaculate Conception Seminary at St. Andrew's Hall. Pope John Paul II named him a Prelate of Honor in 1998.

paragraph: While serving in the Archdiocese of Newark, he was a member of the following Archdiocesan consultative bodies:

paragraph: BULLET::::- The College of Consultors

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Commission for the Men's Apostolate

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Archdiocesan Finance Council

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Archdiocesan Presbyteral Council

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Priestly Vocations Board.

paragraph: Section::::Episcopal ministry.

paragraph: Section::::Episcopal ministry.:Auxiliary Bishop of Newark.

paragraph: On July 3, 2000, Pope John Paul II named Serratelli an Auxiliary Bishop of Newark with the titular see of Enera. He was consecrated a bishop on September 8, 2000, by Archbishop Theodore McCarrick, with co-consecrating bishops Michael Angelo Saltarelli and Paul Gregory Bootkoski. After his consecration, Serratelli was appointed the vicar for Essex County. When McCarrick was transferred to the Archdiocese of Washington, D.C. and John J. Myers, formerly Bishop of Peoria, Illinois became the new Archbishop of Newark, Serratelli was appointed the Archdiocesan Vicar General.

paragraph: Section::::Episcopal ministry.:Bishop of Paterson.

paragraph: On June 1, 2004, Pope John Paul II accepted the retirement of Frank J. Rodimer as Bishop of Paterson and appointed Serratelli as his successor. Serratelli was installed on July 6 of that year.

paragraph: As a member of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB), Serratelli was Chairman of the Committee on Doctrine's Subcommittee for the Review of Scripture Translations, and a member of the Committee on Divine Worship and its Task Groups on Liturgy with Children, and the Review of the Lectionary.

paragraph: Previously, Serratelli served as the Chairman of the Committee on Liturgy (later the Committee on Divine Worship) from 2007 to 2010, and was responsible for announcing the acceptance by the Vatican of changes to the English translation of the Roman Missal, to be implemented throughout the Roman Catholic Church in English-speaking countries on November 27, 2011, the First Sunday of Advent. He was also a member of the Ad Hoc Committee for the Review of the Catechism (later the Committee on Evangelization and Catechesis), the Ad Hoc Committee for the Spanish Bible for the Church in America, the Board of Bishops for the American College of Louvain (which closed at the end of the 2010-2011 academic year), and the Committee for Women in the Church and Society (known presently as the Committee on Laity, Marriage, Family Life and Youth).

paragraph: He is a member of:

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Board of Bishops of the New Jersey Catholic Conference

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Board of Trustees of Assumption College for Sisters, Denville, New Jersey

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Board of Trustees at the College of St. Elizabeth, Convent Station

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Board of Trustees at Seton Hall University

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Board of Overseers at Immaculate Conception Seminary.

paragraph: He is the chairman of the International Commission on English in the Liturgy, and the Catholic co-chairperson, together with the Baptist theologian Paul Fiddes, of the International Theological Consultation between Catholics and Baptists.

paragraph: Pope Francis appointed him a member of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments on October 28, 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Coats of Arms.

paragraph: Bishop Serratelli's Coat of Arms was prepared by the Matthew R. Mauriello of Bridgeport, Connecticut, complete with imagery from his Italian heritage, his identity as a priest of the Archdiocese of Newark, his studies in Scripture and his honoring both Pope John Paul II and Archbishop McCarrick.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church hierarchy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church in the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roman Catholic Diocese of Paterson Official Site

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography, Diocese of Paterson website

description: Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Paterson

wikidata_label: Arthur J. Serratelli

wikipedia_title: Arthur J. Serratelli


text:
British colonial
Inspector-General of Police
Ceylon
Canon
Radley College
32nd (Cornwall) Regiment of Foot
Lieutenant
aide-de-camp
Governor of Mauritius
Arthur Hamilton-Gordon
Governor of Fiji
Fiji
Order of St Michael and St George
Governor of New Zealand
Governor of Ceylon
Major
Cameronians (Scottish Rifles)
Inspector-General of Police
Ross-on-Wye
Herefordshire

categories: 1847 births,Cameronians officers,Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George,1922 deaths,British colonial police officers,People educated at Radley College,Sri Lankan Inspectors General of Police

paragraph: Louis Knollys

paragraph: Major Louis Frederick Knollys, (1847–1922) was the fourth British colonial Inspector-General of Police in Ceylon (Sri Lanka).

paragraph: Knollys was born on 26 February 1847, the third son of Rev. Canon William Frederick Ernest Knollys and Caroline Augusta née North. He was educated at Radley College, and Marlborough.

paragraph: Knollys enlisted in the 32nd (Cornwall) Regiment of Foot in 1866 and in September 1868 was made a Lieutenant.

paragraph: In 1872 he was appointed the aide-de-camp to the Governor of Mauritius Arthur Hamilton-Gordon, and continued as Hamilton-Gordon's aide-de-camp when he was transferred to become Governor of Fiji in 1875. In 1876 he commanded an expedition into the mountains of Fiji, where he suppressed an uprising amongst the local tribes, receiving a promotion to captain. Knollys was subsequently created a Companion in the Order of St Michael and St George in "recognition of his distinguished services in quelling recent disturbances in the Island of Fiji." In 1877 he was appointed Commandant of the Armed Native Constabulary in Fiji. In 1880 when Hamilton-Gordon was appointed as Governor of New Zealand and subsequently in 1883 when he was made Governor of Ceylon, Knollys continued in his role as his aide-de-camp. He was made a Major in the Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) in 1881. Knollys was appointed as Inspector-General of Police and Prisons in Jamaica in 1886 and Inspector-General of Police and Prisons in Ceylon in 1891. In 1899 he became a member of the Legislative Council, Ceylon. Knollys retired in 1902 and died at Ross-on-Wye, Herefordshire, England on 15 December 1922.

wikidata_label: Louis Knollys

wikipedia_title: Louis Knollys


text:
playwright
circus performer
Antonio Franconi
Henri Franconi
Cirque-Olympique
Louis Dejean
Champs-Élysées
melodrama
Louis Ponet
Auguste Anicet-Bourgeois
tableaux
Léopold Chandezon
Ferdinand Laloue
mise-en-scène
Auguste Lepoitevin de L'Égreville
Alphonse Karr

categories: 19th-century French dramatists and playwrights,1855 deaths,1801 births,Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery,Circus performers

paragraph: Adolphe Franconi

paragraph: Henri Adolphe Franconi (1801 – 2 November 1855) was a French playwright and circus performer.

paragraph: A grandson of Antonio Franconi and son of Henri Franconi, he succeeded him in 1827 as managing director of the Cirque-Olympique. He specialized in training horses. In 1835, he forged an association with Louis Dejean in order to establish a circus tent on the Champs-Élysées, at the Carré Marigny.

paragraph: He died of a heart attack at the Cirque-Olympique in 1855.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1819: "Le Soldat laboureur", mimodrama en 1 act

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1828: "Le Chien du régiment, ou l'Exécution militaire", melodrama in 1 act, with Henri Franconi

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1828: "Le Drapeau", military melodrama in 2 acts, a show with Louis Ponet and Auguste Anicet-Bourgeois

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1828: "L'éléphant du roi de Siam", mimodrama in nine tableaux, with Léopold Chandezon and Ferdinand Laloue, (mise-en-scène)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1830, "L'Empereur", historical events in 5 actes and 18 tableaux, with Ferdinand Laloue and Auguste Lepoitevin de L'Égreville

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1855: "Le Cavalier : cours d'équitation pratique", Michel Lévy brothers

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Artaud de Montor, "Encyclopédie des gens du monde", 1839,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alphonse Karr, "Notice nécrologique", in "Les Bourdonnements du siècle" issue 25, 25 November 1855

paragraph: BULLET::::- Camille Dreyfus, André Berthelot, "La Grande encyclopédie: inventaire raisonné des sciences...", 1886,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry Lyonnet, "Dictionnaire des comédiens français", 1911,

description: French playwright

wikidata_label: Adolphe Franconi

wikipedia_title: Adolphe Franconi


text:
Siena
Italian
vedute
Piacenza
Lorenzo
Renaissance
Cristoforo
Alessandro Casolani
Domenico Beccafumi
Francesco
Caravaggio
Pinturicchio
Siena Cathedral
vedute
Palio di Siena
Villa del Poggio Imperiale

categories: Sienese painters,1556 births,Italian male painters,Italian Renaissance painters,17th-century Italian painters,16th-century Italian painters,1632 deaths

paragraph: Vincenzo Rustici

paragraph: Vincenzo Rustici (Siena, 1556 – Siena, 1632) was an Italian painter active in Siena. He was known for his religious compositions as well as his vedute showing public celebrations in Siena.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Precise details about the life and career of Vincenzo Rustici are scarce.

paragraph: He was born in Siena in 1556 in an artistic family of architects and artists originally from Piacenza who had settled in Siena in the 16th century. His father Lorenzo, known as "Il Rustico" or "Lorenzo di Cristoforo Rustici", was a prominent Renaissance painter of stucco and grotesque decorations. His older brother Cristoforo, also known as "Il Rusticcone" (1552 - 1641), was also a painter.

paragraph: After his sister Aurelia married the eminent Sienese painter Alessandro Casolani in 1582, Rustici probably started working in the workshop of his brother-in-law. He may have executed in the studio works destined for a less demanding clientele. Upon the death of Casolani in 1606, he completed Casolani’s "Resurrection of Lazarus" in the Basilica of Saint Francis in Siena. Alessandro Casolani himself was influenced by the work of Domenico Beccafumi.

paragraph: His son Francesco trained with him and was one of the leading followers of Caravaggio working in Siena. In the period during which his son Francesco worked in his workshop, Vincenzo Rustici's hand was initially difficult to distinguish from that of his son.

paragraph: In December 1616, Vincenzo Rustici was commissioned to repaint three of the original fresco’s of Pinturicchio in the Chapel of Saint John the Baptist in the Siena Cathedral.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: Vincenzo Rustici was a painter of history subjects as well as vedute, i.e. city views. He worked mainly in Siena, where his best-known works are preserved.

paragraph: He is now mainly known for two canvases depicting respectively the Palio di Siena (a downtown horse race with bull hunt) and the Procession of the Contrade in the Piazza del Campo held on 15 August 1546 (Palazzo Salimbeni, Collection of the Banca Monte dei Paschi, Siena). These works provide an important record of these public festivities at the time. Vincenzo Rustici relied on a description in a contemporary letter by Cecchino Cartaio (‘Cecchino the Stationer’) to create these canvases years after the events depicted in them occurred. These paintings were originally preserved in the Villa del Poggio Imperiale in Florence, where they are documented as early as 1654.

paragraph: Rustici created a number of depictions of the "Madonna and Child with saints", a subject popular with Sienese artists such as Casolani. An example is the (Sotheby's auction 9 June 2011 in New York, lot 31), which has been attributed to Rustici on stylistic grounds as the facial type of the Virgin corresponds closely to Vincenzo's signed "Pietà" in Siena. Another example is the , which appears to deliberately cite interpretations of the same theme by 15th century painters active in Siena such as the Master of the Story of Griselda.

description: Italian painter

wikidata_label: Vincenzo Rustici

wikipedia_title: Vincenzo Rustici


text: Italian

text: sculptor

text: Baroque

text: marble

text: Central Europe

text: Venice

text: Pietro Baratta

text: Slovene

text: Luka Mislej

text: Emmerich Esterházy

text: Esztergom

text: Jesuit

text: Zagreb

text: Carniola

text: Rome

text: Zagreb

text: Ljubljanica

text: Sava

text: Krka

text: Bernini

text: Fountain of the Four Rivers

text: Piazza Navona

text: St. James's Church

text: Ljubljana Cathedral

text: Franciscan Church of the Annunciation

text: Klagenfurt

text: Austria

text: Vransko

text: Ursuline Church of the Holy Trinity

categories: 1757 deaths,18th-century Italian sculptors,1698 births,Italian male sculptors,People from Venice

paragraph: Francesco Robba

paragraph: Francesco Robba (1 May 1698 – 24 January 1757) was an Italian sculptor of the Baroque period. Even though he is regarded as the leading Baroque sculptor of marble statuary in southeastern Central Europe, he has remained practically unknown to international scholars.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Francesco Robba was born in Venice. He received his training in the workshop of the Venetian sculptor Pietro Baratta from 1711 to 1716. In 1720, he moved to Ljubljana to work with the Slovene master Luka Mislej and married his daughter Theresa in 1722.

paragraph: In this early period, his first marble statues and reliefs still reflect the influence of Pietro Baratta. When Mislej died in 1727, Robba took over his workshop and his clientele. Soon Robba started to earn his own reputation and was awarded commissions by ecclesiastical, aristocratic and bourgeois patrons. Already in 1729 his work was praised in a letter to Prince Emmerich Esterházy, Archbishop of Esztergom by the rector of the Jesuit College in Zagreb, Francesco Saverio Barci.

paragraph: From 1727 on his works attest of a growing self-confidence. His technical virtuosity manifests itself in the emotional expressions and the refined forms of his statues.

paragraph: He was recognized by the people of Ljubljana as a "honorary citizen of Ljubljana". In 1743, he was elected to the External Council of the city. In 1745, he was appointed "state engineer" of Carniola. During all this time, he didn't lose contacts with Venice, since he paid several visits to his native city. This allowed him to remain familiar with the Baroque sculpture of central Italy and Rome.

paragraph: The prevailing view has been that in 1755, Robba left Ljubljana for Zagreb, Croatia, where he died on 24 January 1757.

paragraph: According to an article published in 2001 by Blaž Resman, an expert in the Baroque, new documents had shown that Robba died in Ljubljana.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: The best-known work by Francesco Robba is the Fountain of the Three Rivers of Carniola (1751), representing the Ljubljanica, the Sava and the Krka. It was inspired by the Bernini's Fountain of the Four Rivers on Piazza Navona during Robba's visit to Rome.

paragraph: Other works include the Narcissus Fountain (Ljubljana), the main altar and the statues (1736) of St. James's Church (Ljubljana), an altar in Ljubljana Cathedral, the majority of the main altar in the Franciscan Church of the Annunciation (Ljubljana), a statue of St. John of Nepomuk in Klagenfurt (Austria) and an altar in the parish church in Vransko. Francesco Robba is also the creator of the main altar of the Ursuline Church of the Holy Trinity in Ljubljana and presumably also of the marble statue of the Holy Trinity Monument that stands in front of it.

paragraph: The work of Francesco Robba was highlighted in an international scientific symposium, held in Ljubljana in November 1998.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Francesco Robba and the Venetian Baroque Sculpture of the Eighteenth Century; Rokus Publishing House Ltd., Ljubljana, Slovenia;

description: Italian artist

wikidata_label: Francesco Robba

wikipedia_title: Francesco Robba


text:
Nantes
abbé
Jesuit
Francis de Sales

categories: French Jesuits,Former Jesuits,1648 births,1734 deaths

paragraph: Jean-Baptiste Morvan de Bellegarde

paragraph: Jean-Baptiste Morvan de Bellegarde (Nantes, 30 August 1648 - 26 April 1734), abbé de Bellegarde, was a French Jesuit for 15 years, before joining Francis de Sales's order. He was the author of a number of works on ethics, religion, and education, which included "Réflexions sur le ridicule" (1696) and "Réflexions sur la politesse des mœurs" (1698).

description: French Jesuit

wikidata_label: Jean-Baptiste Morvan de Bellegarde

wikipedia_title: Jean-Baptiste Morvan de Bellegarde


text: Prussian

text: general

text: Frederick the Great

text: von Tauentzien

text: Tauentzien

text: Lauenburg

text: Farther Pomerania

text: Silesian Wars

text: Mollwitz

text: Prague

text: Hohenfriedberg

text: Kolin

text: Breslau

text: Ernst Gideon Freiherr von Laudon

text: Seven Years' War

text: Napoleonic Wars

text: Carl Gotthard Langhans

text: Johann Gottfried Schadow

text: Schweidnitz

text: Austrian

text: Poland

text: World War II

categories: 1710 births,Prussian nobility,People from Lębork County,Generals of Infantry (Prussia),1791 deaths,Prussian military personnel of the Seven Years' War,18th-century German people

paragraph: Friedrich Bogislav von Tauentzien

paragraph: Friedrich Bogislav von Tauentzien (18 April 1710 – 21 March 1791) was a Prussian general who served during the wars of King Frederick the Great.

paragraph: Tauentzien hailed from the von Tauentzien family and was born in the village of Tauentzien near Lauenburg in Farther Pomerania. He participated throughout the Silesian Wars. Tauentzien fought alongside Frederick in many of the king's great battles, including Mollwitz, the capture of Prague, Hohenfriedberg, and Kolin. He distinguished himself during the defense of Breslau against Ernst Gideon Freiherr von Laudon in 1760 during the Seven Years' War.

paragraph: Tauentzien married Charlotte von dem Knesebeck, with whom he had two sons and four daughters. One of his sons was Bogislav Friedrich Emanuel von Tauentzien, a Prussian general during the Napoleonic Wars.

paragraph: Tauentzien died in Breslau; his funerary monument was designed by Carl Gotthard Langhans and Johann Gottfried Schadow. It was located in the middle of Breslau's Tauentzienplatz (now "Plac Tadeusza Kościuszki") near the Schweidnitz Gate where the general had personally defended against Austrian troops in 1760. The plaza experienced Breslau's densest traffic until 1945. With the transfer of the city to Poland following World War II, the monument was leveled.

description: German general

wikidata_label: Friedrich Bogislav von Tauentzien

wikipedia_title: Friedrich Bogislav von Tauentzien


text:
Doge of Venice
podestà
Capodistria
Acre
Genoa
Crete
Byzantine
Andronikos II
Constantinople
Galata
Blachernae
at Curzola
Serrata del Maggior Consiglio
Great Council of Venice
oligarchic
Papacy
Ferrara
Pope
Clement V
Bajamonte Tiepolo
Council of Ten
interdict
Murano
Jacopo I da Carrara

categories: Kingdom of Candia,1311 deaths,1251 births,13th-century Italian people,13th-century Doges of Venice

paragraph: Pietro Gradenigo

paragraph: Pietro Gradenigo (1251 – 13 August 1311) was the 49th Doge of Venice, reigning from 1289 to his death.

paragraph: When he was elected Doge, he was serving as the podestà of Capodistria in Istria. Venice suffered a serious blow with the fall of Acre, the last Crusader stronghold in the Holy Land, to the Mamluks of Egypt in 1291. A war between Venice and Genoa began in 1294, and Venice sustained some serious losses: it lost a naval battle, its possessions in Crete were pillaged and the Byzantine emperor, Andronikos II, arrested many Venetians in Constantinople. In response, the Venetian fleet sacked Galata and threatened the imperial palace of Blachernae, but in 1298 they lost again - this time at Curzola. Eventually, in 1299 the two republics signed a peace treaty.

paragraph: Doge Gradenigo was responsible for the so-called "Serrata del Maggior Consiglio", the Locking of the Great Council of Venice. This new law, passed in February 1297, restricted membership of the future Councils only to the descendants of those nobles who were its members between 1293 and 1297. This move created an oligarchic system, disenfranchising a great majority of the citizens and provoking some unrest.

paragraph: In 1308, during Gradenigo's reign as doge, Venice became involved in war with the Papacy over the control of Ferrara and on 27 March 1309 the Republic was excommunicated by Pope Clement V, barring all Christians from trading with Venice. The Doge's policy, seen by many as disastrous, led to a plot to depose him and the Great Council, led by Bajamonte Tiepolo and other members of the aristocratic families. On 15 June 1310, the coup failed and its leaders were severely punished. Tiepolo's plot led to the creation of the Council of Ten, initially as a temporary institution, which later evolved into the permanent body which in reality governed the Republic.

paragraph: On 13 August 1311, Gradenigo died, and, since Venice was under interdict and the religious ceremonies could not be held, he was buried in an unmarked grave on Murano.

paragraph: He was married first to Tomasina Morosini (with whom he had a daughter, Anna, wife of Jacopo I da Carrara) and then to Agnese Zantani.

wikidata_label: Pietro Gradenigo

wikipedia_title: Pietro Gradenigo