text:
Yah
Israelite
Kingdom of Israel
Jeroboam II
Samaria
Azariah, king of Judah
William F. Albright
E. R. Thiele
2 Kings
Jeroboam I
Shallum
Jehu
prophecy

categories: 8th-century BCE Hebrew people,Kings of ancient Israel,8th-century BC Kings of Israel,8th-century BC biblical rulers,Omrides,752 BC deaths,8th-century BC murdered monarchs

paragraph: Zechariah of Israel

paragraph: Zechariah ( "Zəḵaryāh", meaning "remembered by Yah"; also "Zachariah", "Zacharias"; ) was a king of the northern Israelite Kingdom of Israel, and son of Jeroboam II.

paragraph: Zechariah became king of Israel in Samaria in the thirty-eighth year of Azariah, king of Judah. () William F. Albright has dated his reign to 746 BC – 745 BC, while E. R. Thiele offers the dates 753 BC – 752 BC.

paragraph: The account of his reign is briefly told in "2 Kings" (). According to the Bible, Zechariah did what was evil in the Lord's sight, as the previous kings of Israel since Jeroboam I had done. Zechariah ruled Israel for only six months before Shallum, a captain from his own army, murdered him and took the throne. This ended the dynasty of Jehu after four generations of his descendants, fulfilling the prophecy in .

description: king of the Kingdom of Israel; son of Jeroboam II

wikidata_label: Zechariah of Israel

wikipedia_title: Zechariah of Israel


text: Greek

text: Septuagint

text: Aquila

text: Israelite

text: Kingdom of Israel

text: House of Gadi

text: scion

text: tribe of Gad

text: Shallum

text: Zechariah

text: Samaria

text: captain

text: Tirzah

text: Josephus

text: Tiphsah

text: Prophet

text: Hosea

text: Jeroboam

text: Books of Kings

text: annals of the Kings of Israel

text: Azariah

text: king of Judah

text: William F. Albright

text: E. R. Thiele

text: Pekahiah

text: Tiglath-Pileser III

text: Assyria

text: Aram Damascus

text: Hosea

text: tribute

text: talent

text: Tiglath-Pileser III

text: shekel

text: Pekah

categories: 8th-century BCE Hebrew people,Kings of ancient Israel,8th-century BC Kings of Israel,8th-century BC biblical rulers,House of Gadi,Leaders who took power by coup

paragraph: Menahem

paragraph: Menahem or Menachem (, from a Hebrew word meaning "the consoler" or "comforter"; ; Greek: "Manaem" in the Septuagint, "Manaen" in Aquila; ; full name: , "Menahem son of Gadi") was a king of the northern Israelite Kingdom of Israel. He was the son of Gadi, and the founder of the dynasty known as the House of Gadi or House of Menahem. Some have speculated that Gadi was a scion of the tribe of Gad.

paragraph: Section::::In the Bible.

paragraph: Menahem's ten-year reign is told in . When Shallum conspired against and assassinated Zechariah in Samaria, and set himself upon the throne of the northern kingdom, Menahem - who, like Shallum, had served as a captain in Zechariah's army - refused to recognize the murderous usurper. Menahem marched from Tirzah to Samaria, about six miles westwards and laid siege to Samaria. He took the city, murdered Shallum a month into his reign (), and set himself upon the throne. () According to Josephus, he was a general of the army of Israel.

paragraph: He brutally suppressed a revolt at Tiphsah. He destroyed the city and put all its inhabitants to death, even ripping open the pregnant women. () The Prophet Hosea describes the drunkenness and debauchery implied in the words "he departed not from the sins of Jeroboam." ( and )

paragraph: The author of the "Books of Kings" describes his rule as one of cruelty and oppression. The author is apparently synopsizing the "annals of the Kings of Israel", () and gives scant details of Menahem's reign.

paragraph: Section::::Chronology.

paragraph: Menahem became king of Israel in the thirty-ninth year of the reign of Azariah, king of Judah, and reigned for ten years. () According to the chronology of Kautsch, he ruled from 743 BC; according to Schrader, from 745 to 736 BC. William F. Albright has dated his reign from 745 to 738 BC, while E. R. Thiele offers the dates 752 – 742 BC.

paragraph: Menahem seems to have died a natural death, and was succeeded by his son Pekahiah.

paragraph: Section::::Tributary of Assyria.

paragraph: Tiglath-Pileser III of Assyria began his reign in 745 BC three years before Menahem became king of Israel.

paragraph: During Menahem's reign, the Assyrians first entered the kingdom of Israel, and had also invaded Aram Damascus to the north-east: "And Pul, king of the Assyrians, came into the land". () The Assyrians may have been invited into Israel by the Assyrian party. Hosea speaks of the two anti-Israelite parties, the Egyptian and Assyrian. ()

paragraph: To maintain independence, Menahem was forced to pay a tribute of a thousand talents of silver () - which is about 37 tons (about 34 metric tons) of silver. It is now generally accepted that Pul referred to in is Tiglath-Pileser III of the cuneiform inscriptions. Pul was probably his personal name and the one that first reached Israel. Tiglath-Pileser records this tribute in one of his inscriptions.

paragraph: To pay the tribute, Menahem exacted fifty shekels of silver - about 1 pounds or 0.6 kg - from all the mighty men of wealth of the kingdom. () To collect this amount, there would have had to be at the time some 60,000 "that were mighty and rich" in the kingdom. After receiving the tribute, Tiglath-Pileser returned to Assyria. However, from that time the kingdom of Israel was a tributary of Assyria; and when Pekah some ten years later refused to pay any more tribute, it started a sequence of events which led to the destruction of the kingdom and the deportation of its population.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of biblical figures identified in extra-biblical sources

description: 8th century King of Israel

wikidata_label: Menahem

wikipedia_title: Menahem


text:
racing cyclist
2014 Boels Dolmans Cycling Team season

categories: 1979 births,Living people,Dutch female cyclists,Sportspeople from Nijmegen

paragraph: Marieke van Wanroij

paragraph: Marieke van Wanroij (born 5 July 1979) is a Dutch professional racing cyclist.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014 Boels Dolmans Cycling Team season

description: cyclist

wikidata_label: Marieke van Wanroij

wikipedia_title: Marieke van Wanroij


text:
alpine ski racer
2015 World Championships
Beaver Creek
giant slalom
Kranjska Gora
Slovenia
Alexis Pinturault

categories: Croatian male alpine skiers,Living people,1998 births

paragraph: William Vukelić

paragraph: William Vukelić (born 1998) is a Croatian alpine ski racer.

paragraph: He competed at the 2015 World Championships in Beaver Creek, USA, in the giant slalom. His first FIS World Cup race was on March 4 in Kranjska Gora, Slovenia where he finished 62nd with nearly 4 seconds behind eventual winner Alexis Pinturault. His starting number was 75.

wikidata_label: William Vukelić

wikipedia_title: William Vukelić


text:
racing cyclist
Top Girls Fassa Bortolo

categories: 1993 births,Place of birth missing (living people),Living people,Italian female cyclists

paragraph: Irene Bitto

paragraph: Irene Bitto (born 2 November 1993) is an Italian professional racing cyclist.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Top Girls Fassa Bortolo

description: cyclist

wikidata_label: Irene Bitto

wikipedia_title: Irene Bitto


text:
alpine ski racer
2015 World Championships
Beaver Creek
giant slalom

categories: 1991 births,People from Rovaniemi,Living people,Finnish female alpine skiers

paragraph: Merle Soppela

paragraph: Merle Soppela (born 1991) is a retired Finnish alpine ski racer.

paragraph: She competed at the 2015 World Championships in Beaver Creek, USA, in the giant slalom.

description: Finnish alpine skier

wikidata_label: Merle Soppela

wikipedia_title: Merle Soppela


text: Braunton

text: Raleigh, Pilton

text: Member of Parliament

text: Barnstaple

text: Braunton

text: Upton Pyne

text: Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge

text: Inner Temple

text: called to the bar

text: Serjeant-at-Law

text: Recorder of Barnstaple

text: Otterton

text: Heanton Punchardon

text: Umberleigh

text: Barnstaple

text: Yeo Vale, Alwington

text: Hartland Abbey

text: Yeo Vale, Alwington

text: Hartland Abbey

text: Raleigh House

text: North Devon District Hospital

text: Dean Milles' Questionnaire

text: Braunton

text: town house

text: Earls of Bath

text: Tawstock Court

text: Spanish Company

text: Shirwell

text: Queen Anne's Walk

text: George Hooper

text: Bishop of Bath and Wells

text: History of Parliament

categories: 1731 deaths,1654 births,People educated at Barnstaple Grammar School

paragraph: Nicholas Hooper (1654–1731)

paragraph: Sir Nicholas II Hooper (1654-1731) of Fullabrook, Braunton and Raleigh, Pilton in Devon, was a lawyer who served as Tory Member of Parliament for Barnstaple 1695-1715.

paragraph: Section::::Origins.

paragraph: He was the son of Nicholas I Hooper of Fullabrook, Braunton, Devon, 5 1/2 miles north-west of Barnstaple, by his wife Melior Pyne (1630-1703) (whose mural monument survives in the Church of Our Lady, Upton Pyne, near Crediton), 4th daughter of Edward Pyne (1595-1663) of East Down, Devon. A certain Richard Hooper was Mayor of Barnstaple in 1660 and 1674.

paragraph: Section::::Education.

paragraph: He was educated at Barnstaple Grammar School and in 1671 entered Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He entered the Inner Temple in 1671 and was called to the bar in 1678 and appointed Bencher in 1700 and later Serjeant-at-Law. He was appointed Queen’s Serjeant 1702–14 and King’s Serjeant 1714, which office he held until his death. He was knighted 7 June 1713. In 1687 he was appointed to the locally honourable position of Deputy-Recorder, and by 1710/13 Recorder of Barnstaple.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage & progeny.

paragraph: In 1686 he married Elizabeth Stokes (d. 1731), daughter of Thomas Stokes of Otterton, Devon, by whom he had 2 sons, who both died without issue, and 1 daughter:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nicholas III Hooper, who rebuilt Raleigh House on an adjacent site slightly higher up the hill, which building survives today. He died without progeny.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elizabeth Hooper (d.1726), heir to her brother Nicholas III Hooper, who in 1713 married John Bassett (1683-1721), of Heanton Punchardon and Umberleigh, Devon, MP for Barnstaple 1718-1721. She survived her husband and remarried to Rev. Thomas Morrison, and was buried at Bath Abbey. Her descendant Rev. Hooper Morrison in 1769 purchased the estate of Yeo Vale, Alwington, Devon, and married Charlotte Orchard (d.1791), whose monument survives in the Yeo Vale Aisle of Alwington Church, sister and in her issue heiress of Paul II Orchard (1739-1812) of Hartland Abbey. In 1810 Rev. Thomas Hooper Morrison (1767-1824) was the owner of Yeo Vale, Alwington and of Hartland Abbey.

paragraph: Section::::Landholdings.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Raleigh House, Pilton (now the site of the North Devon District Hospital, Barnstaple), which he purchased from his fellow MP Arthur Champneys in 1703. It has a commanding view over the town of Barnstaple. It was inherited by his son-in-law John Basset, MP, who was the owner as recorded in Dean Milles' Questionnaire of about 1745.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tithes of Pilton. He was the impropriator of the great and small tithes of Pilton, held in fee, excluding a small part held by the Rectory of Barnstaple. As such, due to the historical duties of the former Priory of Pilton, he was responsible for repairing the chancel of Pilton Church.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fullabrook in the parish of Braunton, Devon

paragraph: BULLET::::- 62 Boutport Street, later "The Golden Lion Inn", Barnstaple, outside the South Gate, the former town house of the Bourchier Earls of Bath of nearby Tawstock Court, which he purchased. It contains an important decorated barrel-vaulted plaster ceiling, and displays the arms of the Spanish Company.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Burridge's", a tenement in Shirwell.

paragraph: Section::::Donations.

paragraph: On the tower of the parish church of St. Calixtus, West Down, (near Fullabrook), is a tablet which records its demolition in 1711 and its rebuilding in 1712, toward the cost of which "Sir Nicholas Hooper knt. of Fullabrook" donated £21. He also presented the clock and its bells.

paragraph: Section::::Death & burial.

paragraph: He died on 13 May 1731, a few months after his wife, and was buried at Barnstaple, with "his magnificent funeral attracting some caustic comment".

paragraph: Section::::Monuments.

paragraph: His arms "Gyronny of eight or and ermine, over all a castle triple-towered sable" are one of about 12 sculpted in stone on the parapet of Queen Anne's Walk in Barnstaple, which building(formerly known as the Mercantile exchange) was completed in 1713, representing several of the principal local dignitaries. These arms are also shown on a series of small enamelled brasses formerly displayed under the portico of the building but now on display on the staircase of Barnstaple Guildhall, his arms are shown in enamel, with tinctures, with the name "Hooper" inscribed on the frame.

paragraph: These gyronny arms, with variant tinctures, were also borne by possibly related families including:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Howper of Musbury, Devon (16th century);

paragraph: BULLET::::- George Hooper (1640-1727), of Grimley, Worcestershire, Bishop of Bath and Wells. The arms "Gyronny of eight or and ermine, over all a castle triple-towered sable" appear on a funeral hatchment in Rodden Church, Somerset, relating to his daughter Abigail Hooper (1684-1763), whose husband was John Prowse of Axbridge. Her monument survives in Axbridge Church.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rev. James Hooper (d.1787), builder in about 1740 of Hendford House in Yeovil, Somerset;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hopper of Shincliffe, Durham;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hopper of Witton Castle, County Durham.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cruickshanks, Eveline & Hanham, Andrew A., biography of "Hopper, Nicholas (1654-1731), of the Inner Temple; Barnstaple and Braunton, Devon" published in History of Parliament: House of Commons 1690-1715, ed. D. Hayton, E. Cruickshanks, S. Handley, London, 2002

paragraph: BULLET::::- Venn, John, Biographical History of Gonville and Caius College 1349-1897, 2 volumes, Vol.1, Cambridge, 1897, p.445

description: English politician and lawyer

wikidata_label: Nicholas Hooper

wikipedia_title: Nicholas Hooper (1654–1731)


text:
Glasgow
Evening Citizen
Govan
Glasgow
United States
London
London University
Edinburgh
Scotsman newspaper
Charles Maclaren
Glasgow Citizen
David Gray
Alexander Smith
William Black
Evening Citizen
Glasgow University
Helensburgh
Helensburgh
James Pittendrigh Macgillivray
Glasgow Cathedral
Leith
Edinburgh
Thomas Charles Hunter Hedderwick
Wick Burghs
David Gray
Evening Citizen
Evening Citizen

categories: Scottish poets,1897 deaths,People from Govan,1814 births,People associated with Glasgow,Scottish journalists

paragraph: James Hedderwick

paragraph: James Hedderwick LLD (1814–1897) was a Scottish poet, journalist and newspaper proprietor. He founded the famous Glasgow newspaper, the "Evening Citizen".

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was born on 18 January 1814 in Govan just west of Glasgow, the third son of James Hedderwick (d.1864), printer, and Joanna McNeilage.

paragraph: He was largely raised in Glasgow, other than a brief spell in the United States in 1822 while his father sought work there. On his return to Scotland he began an apprenticeship as a printer in his father’s company, James Hedderwick & Son, which had been founded in 1823 with James' elder brother Robert Hedderwick. From his early teens he contributed articles to newspapers and magazines and decided that writing rather than printing was his vocation.

paragraph: In 1836 he travelled to London to study English Literature at London University. Despite a successful first year, winning first prize in Rhetoric, he gave up his studies and returned to Glasgow in the summer of 1837. Here he began publishing periodicals, starting with the Saltwater Gazette.

paragraph: In 1837 he also obtained a position in Edinburgh as the Assistant Editor of the Scotsman newspaper under the editorship of Charles Maclaren. He remained in this position until 1842, when he then returned to Glasgow to found the Glasgow Citizen. This included poetry not only by himself, but by other notable Scots poets of the day such as David Gray, Alexander Smith, and William Black. In August 1864 the "Citizen" adopted an evening newspaper form, the "Evening Citizen", which became one of the most successful daily newspapers of its day. It heralded the advent of cheap (half-penny) late-edition journalism in Britain.

paragraph: Due to the success of the "Evening Citizen" Hedderwick aided in setting up other evening newspapers in other British cities, notably including the London Echo.

paragraph: Based on the success of the "Evening Citizen" he also created a weekly literary supplement, the Glasgow Weekly Citizen.

paragraph: In 1878 Glasgow University awarded him an honorary Doctorate in Law (LLD).

paragraph: He edited both newspapers until his retirement in 1882, when he moved to Helensburgh west of Glasgow.

paragraph: He died following a stroke on 1 December 1897 at his home of Rocklands in Helensburgh. He was buried in Sighthill Cemetery in Glasgow.

paragraph: A large memorial by James Pittendrigh Macgillivray was erected to his memory in 1901, and stands on the inner north wall of Glasgow Cathedral.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: On 11 January 1846 he married Ellen Ness from South Leith, the harbour area of Edinburgh.

paragraph: They had seven children, including Thomas Charles Hunter Hedderwick a lawyer who became MP for Wick Burghs in 1896.

paragraph: Ellen died in 1879 and Hedderwick then remarried Margaret (1841-1934) who was considerably younger than himself.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Saltwater Gazette (1837) (co-founded with his elder brother Robert Hedderwick)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Glasgow Citizen (1842 onwards) (co-founded with his elder brother Robert Hedderwick)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Poems by James Hedderwick (1844)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lays of Middle Age and Other Poems (1858)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hedderwick’s Miscellany of Instructive and Entertaining Literature (1860-1862) (journal)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Memoir of David Gray (1862)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Glasgow Evening Citizen (Aug 1864 onwards) newspaper

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Villa by the Sea and Other Poems (1881)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Glasgow Evening Citizen (newspaper) (1877 onwards)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Backward Glances (1891) a memoir of persons encountered within his literary career

wikidata_label: James Hedderwick

wikipedia_title: James Hedderwick


text:
Charles-Germain de Saint-Aubin
Gabriel-Jacques de Saint-Aubin
Marie-François
Étienne Fessard
Nicolas-Henry Tardieu
Laurent Cars
Salon
Académie Royale
Duc d'Orléans
Charles-Nicolas Cochin
Louvre
Musée Bonnat
University of Michigan Museum of Art
Jean-François Marmontel
Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
Gravelot
Church of Saint-Sulpice, Paris
Sorbonne
Jean-Joseph Languet de Gergy
Palace of Versailles
Grand Trianon
Marquise de Pompadour
Jean-Baptiste Lully
Thomas Corneille
Louis Bourdaloue
Jesuit
Antoine-Jean Amelot de Chaillou
Louis XVI
Louis XVI
Benjamin Franklin
Blérancourt

categories: Artists from Paris,18th-century French artists,French engravers,1807 deaths,1736 births

paragraph: Augustin de Saint-Aubin

paragraph: Augustin de Saint-Aubin sometimes styled Auguste de Saint-Aubin (3 January 1736 – 9 November 1807), belongs to an important dynasty of French designers and engravers.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Augustin de Saint-Aubin was born on 3 January 1736 in Paris to the king's embroiderer Gabriel Germain de Saint-Aubin (1696–1756). He came from a family of artists and designers, which included his six siblings: brothers Charles-Germain de Saint-Aubin and Gabriel-Jacques de Saint-Aubin, as well as Catherine Louise, Louis-Michel, Athanasius, and Agathe, who were collectively known as the "Book of Saint-Aubin". His niece, Marie-François, daughter of Charles, was an artist as well.

paragraph: Trained by his brother, he later studied with Étienne Fessard, Nicolas-Henry Tardieu and Laurent Cars. His first submission to the Salon was an etching in 1752. He was approved by the Académie Royale in 1771, but did not graduate, as he failed to submit one of the required reception pieces. He took many commissions for commercial purposes like bookplates, frontispieces, invitations, tradesmen’s cards, and programs, but also illustrated books such as the "Decameron" by Boccaccio.

paragraph: In 1776 he was appointed as the official engraver at the Bibliothèque Royale (Royal Library). He later worked on etching the collection of antique gems owned by the Duc d'Orléans. Emmanuel Bocher’s 1879 catalog contains over 1300 works by Augustin, but he is most remembered for his portraits and his engravings of portraits by Charles-Nicolas Cochin the younger (1715–1790). In his lifetime, Augustin was considered the most successful of the siblings, but he is the one about whom least is now known.

paragraph: He was married to Louise-Nicole Godeau. He died 9 November 1807 in Paris.

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.:Drawings.

paragraph: BULLET::::- L'indiscrétion vengée

paragraph: BULLET::::- Scène dans un intérieur rustique: jeune femme implorant le roi. Paris, Louvre Museum.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrait de Rochambeau. Bayonne, Musée Bonnat.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Feu d'artifice au bal de Saint-Cloud chez Griel, 1759. Paris, Louvre Museum.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrait de Vivant-Dominique, baron Denon (1747–1825) de profil. Paris, Louvre Museum.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bal à Saint-Cloud chez Griel. Paris, Louvre Museum.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrait d'une femme dans une chaise. University of Michigan Museum of Art.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dans le "Livre des Saint-Aubin". Paris, Louvre Museum.

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.:Engravings.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrait de Jean-François Marmontel illustrating his "Contes moraux".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Card to gain entry to the "Concert bourgeois de la rue Saint-Antoine".

paragraph: BULLET::::- L'art du brodeur. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Galerie des Modes et Costumes Français" in 3 volumes Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gravure d'après Gravelot (equestrian statue). Rothschild Collection, Paris, Louvre Museum.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Languet de Gercy, parish priest of the Church of Saint-Sulpice, Paris, Doctor of the Sorbonne (1675–1750). He is the brother of Jean-Joseph Languet de Gergy. Versailles, Palace of Versailles and Grand Trianon.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marquise de Pompadour (1722–1764). Versailles, Palace of Versailles and Grand Trianon.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean-Baptiste Lully, superintendent of the king's music (1633–1687). Versailles, Palace of Versailles and Grand Trianon.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas Corneille (1625–1709), writer and playwright. Versailles, Palace of Versailles and Grand Trianon.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Louis Bourdaloue, Jesuit and preacher (mort en 1707). Versailles, Palace of Versailles and Grand Trianon.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Antoine-Jean Amelot de Chaillou, Secretary of State from 1776 to 1783. Versailles, Palace of Versailles and Grand Trianon.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Allegory with Louis XVI and the Constitution. Versailles, Palace of Versailles and Grand Trianon.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tribute to the beneficent views of the National Constituent Assembly and the loyalty of Louis XVI, circa 1791. Rothschild Collection, Paris, Louvre Museum.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Le Bal paré. Rothschild Collection, Paris, Louvre Museum.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "C'est ici les différents jeux des petits Polissons de Paris: le sabot". Rothschild Collection, Paris, Louvre Museum.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790), scholar and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the Court of France. Blérancourt, National Museum of French-American Friendship and Cooperation.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rosenberg, Pierre. "Le livre des Saint-Aubin". Paris: Réunion des Musées Nationaux (2002) ()

alias:
Augustin Saint-Aubin
A. de S. Aubin
a. de st. aubin
Augustin De Saint-Aubin
Auguste de Saint-Aubin
augustin de saint-aubin

description: French illustrator

wikidata_label: Augustin de Saint-Aubin

wikipedia_title: Augustin de Saint-Aubin


text:
baseball
pitcher
Oakland Athletics
Major League Baseball
college baseball
Miami Dade College
2010 Major League Baseball Draft
Los Angeles Dodgers
undrafted free agent
New York Mets
2011 MLB Draft
East Carolina University
2012 MLB Draft
Ogden Raptors
Great Lakes Loons
Rancho Cucamonga Quakes
Chattanooga Lookouts
Tulsa Drillers
Oklahoma City Dodgers
All-Star Futures Game
Grant Holmes
Frankie Montas
Oakland Athletics
Rich Hill
Josh Reddick
Nashville Sounds
Round Rock Express
triple
perfect game
Tommy John surgery
Houston Astros

categories: Miami Dade Sharks baseball players,Oklahoma City Dodgers players,Major League Baseball players from the United States Virgin Islands,Chattanooga Lookouts players,Living people,Tulsa Drillers players,People from Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands,Great Lakes Loons players,East Carolina Pirates baseball players,1992 births,Major League Baseball pitchers,Ogden Raptors players,Glendale Desert Dogs players,Rancho Cucamonga Quakes players,Oakland Athletics players,Stockton Ports players,Nashville Sounds players,All-Star Futures Game players

paragraph: Jharel Cotton

paragraph: Jharel Leandre Cotton (born January 19, 1992) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Oakland Athletics of Major League Baseball (MLB).

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Cotton played college baseball at Miami Dade College in 2010 and 2011. After he was not taken in the 2010 Major League Baseball Draft, the Los Angeles Dodgers offered him a contract as an undrafted free agent, but he declined the offer and returned to Miami Dade. He was then drafted by the New York Mets in the 28th round of the 2011 MLB Draft, but did not sign and transferred to East Carolina University.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Los Angeles Dodgers.

paragraph: After one year at East Carolina, Cotton was drafted by the Dodgers in the 20th round of the 2012 MLB Draft. He signed this time and made his professional debut with the Ogden Raptors. Cotton spent 2013 with the Great Lakes Loons, Rancho Cucamonga Quakes and Double-A Chattanooga Lookouts. Cotton missed the first two months of the 2015 season, recovering from a broken left wrist. He pitched in one game for the Great Lakes and four for Rancho Cucamonga before being promoted to the Double-A Tulsa Drillers. In late August, he was promoted to the Triple-A Oklahoma City Dodgers and tried out for a potential bullpen callup to Los Angeles. Between the four levels he appeared in 21 games (with 11 starts) and was 6–2 with a 2.45 ERA. The Dodgers added Cotton to their 40-man roster after the season. He began 2016 in the starting rotation for Oklahoma City and was selected to participate for the world team at the 2016 All-Star Futures Game. During the game, Cotton only faced one batter, throwing merely three pitches against Phillies outfielder Dylan Cozens. However, Cozens flied out, paving the way for Cotton to pick up the win after teammate Yoan Moncada hit a game-winning Home Run for the World Team.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Oakland Athletics.

paragraph: On August 1, 2016, the Dodgers traded Cotton, Grant Holmes, and Frankie Montas to the Oakland Athletics for Rich Hill and Josh Reddick. He was assigned to the Triple-A Nashville Sounds. Cotton retired the first 26 Round Rock Express batters he faced on August 9, but allowed a triple with two outs in the ninth inning, just missing a perfect game.

paragraph: He was called up to the Athletics on September 7 to make his major league debut. Cotton began the season in the A's rotation but after starting off slowly he was sent down to AAA. He was soon after called up again but was sent down back to AAA. Cotton's splits between home and road were drastically apart, as at home he was 4-6 with 6.98 ERA while on the road he was 5-4 with a 3.94 ERA. On March 22, 2018, Cotton underwent Tommy John surgery and missed the 2018 season.

paragraph: Section::::Personal.

paragraph: His brother, Jamaine Cotton, pitched in the Houston Astros organization from 2010 to 2014.

description: professional baseball pitcher

wikidata_label: Jharel Cotton

wikipedia_title: Jharel Cotton


text: socialite

text: Tønsberg

text: Johan Frederik Frølich

text: Prussian

text: Danish

text: German

text: Trondheim

text: Nordenfjells

text: stiftamtmann

text: Scandinavia

text: Stiftsgården

text: Copenhagen

text: Dame de L'union parfaite

text: Cecilie Christine Schøller

text: Store Norske Leksikon

categories: 1786 deaths,Norwegian socialites,People from Tønsberg,Norwegian people of German descent,18th-century Norwegian businesspeople,1720 births

paragraph: Cecilie Christine Schøller

paragraph: Cecilie Christine Schøller, born Sidsel Kirstine Frølich (16 March 1720- 19 April 1786) was a Norwegian socialite, builder and businessperson.

paragraph: She was born in Tønsberg to Johan Frederik Frølich and Hilleborg von Wettberg. Her father who was in the military had Prussian roots, while her mother had Danish and German origin. The family moved to Trondheim in 1740 when Johan Frederik Frølich became a general for the Nordenfjells area.

paragraph: In 1742 she married the wealthy Stie Tønsberg Schøller. He became stiftamtmann in Trondheim and also a member of the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters from 1766 to his death in 1769.

paragraph: Cecilie Christine Schøller continued her husband´s business after his death, among them notable his saw mill. She inherited her parents´s house in 1771 and bought several of the neighbouring properties. She there built the largest wooden palace in Scandinavia, Stiftsgården in Trondheim, which has been the official royal residence in Trondheim since 1800. She was also a financier and benefactor of the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letter, and regarded as an important representative of the cultural golden age in Trondheim during the 18th century.

paragraph: She moved permanently to Copenhagen in 1783 and died there in 1786.

paragraph: She was made Dame de L'union parfaite in 1769, and given the title geheimerådinne in 1776: this was the highest title ever given a non noble Norwegian woman, and the first time the title was given a woman at all in her own right.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eystein M. Andersen: Cecilie Christine Schøller Store Norske Leksikon. Retrieved 31 January 2013

description: Norwegian businessman

wikidata_label: Cecilie Christine Schøller

wikipedia_title: Cecilie Christine Schøller


text:
Munich
The Favourite of the Queen
Martin Luther
What the Stones Tell
The Seventh Son
Behind Monastery Walls
The Love Express
S.A.-Mann Brand
Marriage Strike
Der Kaiser von Kalifornien
The Three Around Christine
Travelling People
Three Wonderful Days
The Eternal Spring
Krambambuli
Wunschkonzert
The Sinful Village
Anuschka
The Little Residence
A Salzburg Comedy
Gaspary's Sons
I'll Never Forget That Night
Madonna in Chains
The Violin Maker of Mittenwald
Hanna Amon
Border Post 58
One Night's Intoxication
The Cloister of Martins
The Last Shot
The Crucifix Carver of Ammergau
The Blue and White Lion
The Imaginary Invalid
Marriage Strike
The Immortal Vagabond
Fear
La Paura
The Sinful Village
The Golden Plague
The Priest from Kirchfeld
Son Without a Home

categories: German silent film actresses,20th-century German actresses,German film actresses,1881 births,1965 deaths,Actresses from Munich,German stage actresses

paragraph: Elise Aulinger

paragraph: Elise Aulinger (11 December 1881 – 12 February 1965) was a German film actress.

paragraph: Aulinger was born in Munich and died in Munich at age 83.

paragraph: Section::::Selected filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Favourite of the Queen" (1922)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Martin Luther" (1923)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "What the Stones Tell" (1925)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Seventh Son" (1926)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Behind Monastery Walls" (1928)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Love Express" (1931)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "S.A.-Mann Brand" (1933)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Marriage Strike" (1935)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Der Kaiser von Kalifornien" (1936)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Three Around Christine" (1936)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Travelling People" (1938)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Three Wonderful Days" (1939)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Eternal Spring" (1940)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Krambambuli" (1940)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wunschkonzert" (1940)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Sinful Village" (1940)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Anuschka" (1942)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Little Residence" (1942)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Salzburg Comedy" (1943)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Gaspary's Sons" (1948)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I'll Never Forget That Night" (1949)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Madonna in Chains" (1949)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Violin Maker of Mittenwald" (1950)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hanna Amon" (1951)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Border Post 58" (1951)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "One Night's Intoxication" (1951)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Cloister of Martins" (1951)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Last Shot" (1951)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " The Crucifix Carver of Ammergau" (1952)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Blue and White Lion" (1952)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Imaginary Invalid" (1952)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Marriage Strike" (1953)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Immortal Vagabond" (1953)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fear" ("La Paura") (1954)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Sinful Village" (1954)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Golden Plague" (1954)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Priest from Kirchfeld" (1955)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Son Without a Home" (1955)

description: Munich, actress

wikidata_label: Elise Aulinger

wikipedia_title: Elise Aulinger


text: ice hockey

text: Calgary Inferno

text: Canadian Women's Hockey League

text: Patty Kazmaier Award

text: Wisconsin Badgers women's ice hockey

text: Lindenwood Lady Lions ice hockey

text: Patty Kazmaier Award

text: 2011 IIHF Women's World Championship

text: 2011 IIHF Women's World Championship

text: 2017 IIHF Women's World Championship

text: Boston Blades

text: Tara Watchorn

text: 2015 Clarkson Cup

text: Montreal Stars

text: Boston Pride

text: National Women's Hockey League

text: Brianne McLaughlin

text: Kacey Bellamy

text: Calgary Inferno

text: Les Canadiennes de Montreal

text: 2019 Clarkson Cup

text: NHL All-Star Skills Competition

text: Leon Draisaitl

text: CCM

text: 2019 Clarkson Cup

text: Brianna Decker

text: USA Hockey

categories: Isobel Cup champions,Clarkson Cup champions,American expatriate ice hockey people,Boston Pride players,1991 births,Medalists at the 2018 Winter Olympics,American expatriate sportspeople in Canada,People from Waukesha County, Wisconsin,Medalists at the 2014 Winter Olympics,Ice hockey players at the 2014 Winter Olympics,Calgary Inferno players,Sportspeople from the Milwaukee metropolitan area,Olympic ice hockey players of the United States,Boston Blades players,Olympic silver medalists for the United States in ice hockey,Patty Kazmaier Award winners,American women's ice hockey players,Ice hockey players at the 2018 Winter Olympics,Living people,American ice hockey forwards,Ice hockey people from Wisconsin,Olympic gold medalists for the United States in ice hockey

paragraph: Brianna Decker

paragraph: Brianna Decker (born May 13, 1991) is an American women's ice hockey player for the Calgary Inferno of the Canadian Women's Hockey League. She is a member of the United States women's national ice hockey team. She was awarded the 2012 Patty Kazmaier Award while playing for the University of Wisconsin, recognizing the best female ice hockey player in NCAA Division I play. With the Boston Pride, Decker would score the first hat trick in NWHL history on October 25, 2015.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:NCAA.

paragraph: In her freshman season (2009–10) with the Wisconsin Badgers women's ice hockey program, Decker scored the Badgers' first goal of the season in a game against North Dakota (October 3). During the season, she accumulated seven multi-point games and four multi-goal games. She was third in team scoring despite missing almost half of the first part of the season. On September 25, 2011, Decker scored her third career hat trick in a 13–0 defeat of the Lindenwood Lady Lions ice hockey program. Her 12-game winning goals during the 2010–11 season are a program record. She holds the Badgers longest scoring streak at 32 games (February 11, 2011 to January 6, 2012). During the streak she accumulated 77 points (33 goals, 44 assists). In her junior season, Decker won the 2012 Patty Kazmaier Award.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:USA Hockey.

paragraph: She won gold at the 2009 IIHF World Women's U18 Championship. On January 28, 2011, it was announced that Decker was named to the preliminary roster for the US Women's National Team. From April 4 to 12, 2011, she was one of 30 players that took part in a selection / training camp and was named to the final roster that participated at the 2011 IIHF Women's World Championship. At the 2011 IIHF Women's World Championship, Brianna Decker was among the tournament's top five scorers. Decker's 11 points (four goals, seven assists) placed her second.

paragraph: In 2017, Decker was a member of the winning US team for the 2017 IIHF Women's World Championship, receiving two assists in the final against Canada.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:Professional.:CWHL.

paragraph: Making her debut for the Boston Blades on January 17, 2015, Decker accumulated seven points (three goals, four assists) in an 11–3 win against the Brampton Thunder. Decker would finish the season leading all American-born players in scoring, while ranking second overall in the scoring race for the Angela James Bowl with 32 points. In addition, she tied with Blades teammate Tara Watchorn as the league leaders in plus/minus rating with a +25. During the 2015 Clarkson Cup playoffs, Decker led all players in scoring, while registering two goals in the championship game, a 3–2 overtime win over the Montreal Stars.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:Professional.:NWHL.

paragraph: Signing as a free agent with the Boston Pride of the National Women's Hockey League, Decker made league history on October 25, 2015. During a 5–3 road win against the Buffalo Beauts, Decker would score the first hat trick in league history. All three goals were scored against Beauts goaltender Brianne McLaughlin.

paragraph: Decker was awarded Most Valuable Player consecutively by the NWHL for her performance in the 2015–16 season and 2016–17 season.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:Professional.:Return to CWHL.

paragraph: On July 24, 2018, Decker and fellow Team USA gold medalist Kacey Bellamy signed as free agents with the Calgary Inferno. Decker would score the game-winning goal versus Les Canadiennes de Montreal in the 2019 Clarkson Cup finals, with Bellamy gaining the assist. Of note, Decker would also be recognized as the MVP of the 2019 Clarkson Cup playoffs.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:Professional.:NHL.

paragraph: On January 25, 2019, Decker participated in the NHL All-Star Skills Competition, in which she demonstrated the premier passing drill event. Her demo time of 1:06 was faster than all eight men who competed in the event. The $25,000 prize money went to Leon Draisaitl, who finished at 1:09. Ice hockey equipment manufacturer CCM announced that it would pay Decker $25,000 for achieving the fastest time.

paragraph: Section::::Awards and honors.

paragraph: Section::::Awards and honors.:NCAA.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Patty Kazmaier Memorial Award winner (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- RBK Hockey/AHCA Division I second-team All-American (2010–11)

paragraph: BULLET::::- All-WCHA First Team (2010–11)

paragraph: BULLET::::- WCHA Final Face-off Most Valuable Player (2010–11)

paragraph: BULLET::::- All-WCHA Rookie Team (2009–10)

paragraph: BULLET::::- three-time WCHA Rookie of the Week (2009–10)

paragraph: BULLET::::- WCHA Preseason Rookie of the Year (2009–10)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Badgers Rookie of the Year (2009–10)

paragraph: BULLET::::- All-WCHA Academic Team (2010–11)

paragraph: BULLET::::- WCHA Rookie of the Week (Week of October 5, 2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2012 Wisconsin Offensive Player of the Year Award

paragraph: Section::::Awards and honors.:CWHL.

paragraph: BULLET::::- CWHL co-leader, Plus-Minus rating +25 (2014–15)

paragraph: BULLET::::- CWHL Scoring Leader among American-born players (2014–15)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015 CWHL Rookie of the Year Award Winner

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2019 Clarkson Cup Playoff MVP

paragraph: Section::::Awards and honors.:IIHF.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Inductee into the 2014 Winter Olympics for the US team

paragraph: Section::::Awards and honors.:NWHL.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Isobel Cup Playoffs Most Valuable Player Award (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWHL Most Valuable Player Award (2016)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brianna Decker at USA Hockey

description: American women's ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Brianna Decker

wikipedia_title: Brianna Decker


text: professional baseball

text: first baseman

text: outfielder

text: Major League Baseball

text: San Francisco Giants

text: Chicago White Sox

text: Detroit Tigers

text: roster expansion

text: batted

text: singles

text: at bats

text: minor league

text: home runs

text: Tacoma Giants

text: starting pitcher

text: Billy Pierce

text: 1962 Giants

text: National League

text: American League

text: Charlie Maxwell

text: pitcher

text: Paul Foytack

text: Bob Giggie

text: Kansas City Athletics

text: games played

text: hits

text: doubles

text: triple

categories: Chicago White Sox players,People from Lycoming County, Pennsylvania,Hawaii Islanders players,1937 births,Springfield Giants players,Detroit Tigers players,Major League Baseball first basemen,Living people,Tacoma Giants players,Baseball players from Pennsylvania,Michigan City White Caps players,People from Northumberland County, Pennsylvania,Syracuse Chiefs players,Major League Baseball outfielders,Fresno Giants players,San Francisco Giants players,Toronto Maple Leafs (International League) players

paragraph: Bob Farley

paragraph: Robert Jacob Farley (born November 15, 1937) is a retired American professional baseball player. He was a first baseman and outfielder who played part of and all of in Major League Baseball for the San Francisco Giants, Chicago White Sox and Detroit Tigers. Farley threw and batted left-handed, stood tall and weighed .

paragraph: Farley first came to the Majors with the Giants in 1961, appearing with them in a total of 13 games before the mid-May cutdown date and after the post-September 1 roster expansion. He batted only .100 with two singles in 20 at bats, but in between fashioned his best minor league season, hitting .307 with 20 home runs for the Triple-A Tacoma Giants. That November he was included in the multi-player interleague trade with the White Sox that brought veteran left-handed starting pitcher Billy Pierce to San Francisco. Pierce would help lead the 1962 Giants to the National League championship by winning 16 games.

paragraph: Farley, meanwhile, spent all of 1962 in the American League and continued to struggle at the plate. After batting only .189 with the White Sox, he was traded to the Tigers in June for veteran outfielder Charlie Maxwell. The change of scenery didn't help, as Farley hit only .160 for Detroit. He hit two home runs that season, one for the White Sox (ironically, off Detroit pitcher Paul Foytack on May 31) and one for the Tigers (against Bob Giggie of the Kansas City Athletics on July 20).

paragraph: All told, Bob Farley appeared in 84 MLB games played, batted 123 times and notched 20 hits, including three doubles and one triple, with those two home runs. He played the final three seasons of his professional career in the minors, retiring after the 1965 campaign.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Career record and playing statistics from Baseball Reference/a

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Bob Farley

wikipedia_title: Bob Farley


text: French-Canadian

text: explorer

text: North America

text: Jesuit

text: Jacques Marquette

text: priest

text: missionary

text: Mississippi River

text: Beaupré

text: French

text: Quebec City

text: Ile d'Orleans

text: Saint Lawrence River

text: First Nations

text: Indigenous languages of the Americas

text: fur trade

text: Jesuit

text: minor orders

text: priest

text: Hernando de Soto

text: Marquette

text: St. Ignace

text: Michigan

text: voyageurs

text: Lake Michigan

text: Green Bay

text: Fox River

text: Portage, Wisconsin

text: portage

text: Wisconsin River

text: Mississippi River

text: Prairie du Chien

text: Gulf of Mexico

text: Arkansas River

text: Spain

text: Illinois River

text: Des Plaines River

text: Joliet, Illinois

text: Chicago Portage

text: Chicago River

text: Chicago

text: Green Bay

text: Illinois Country

text: Chicago

text: Island of Antwhere

text: seigneury

text: Quebec City

text: Anticosti Island

text: Joliet, Illinois

text: Joliet, Montana

text: Joliette

text: Quebec

text: Barthélemy Joliette

text: illiteracy

text: literacy

text: rose

text: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

text: Royal Military College Saint-Jean

text: Province of Quebec

text: Joliet Junior College

text: high school

text: North America

text: French colonization of the Americas

text: Jolliet 1645-1700

categories: 1645 births,People of pre-statehood Michigan,People of pre-statehood Illinois,French explorers of North America,1700 deaths,People of pre-statehood Wisconsin,Explorers of Canada,People of Colonial French Louisiana,Date of death missing,People of New France,Explorers of the United States,17th-century explorers,Canadian explorers,Persons of National Historic Significance (Canada)

paragraph: Louis Jolliet

paragraph: Louis Jolliet (September 21, 1645last seen May 1700) was a French-Canadian explorer known for his discoveries in North America. Jolliet and Jesuit Father Jacques Marquette, a Catholic priest and missionary, were the first non-Natives to explore and map the Mississippi River in 1673.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Jolliet was born in 1645 in Beaupré, a French settlement near Quebec City. When he was seven years old, his father died; his mother then married a successful merchant. Jolliet's stepfather owned land on the Ile d'Orleans, an island in the Saint Lawrence River in Quebec that was home to First Nations. Jolliet spent much time on Ile d'Orleans, so it was likely that he began speaking Indigenous languages of the Americas at a young age. During his childhood, Quebec was the center of the French fur trade. The Natives were part of day-to-day life in Quebec, and Joliet grew up knowing a lot about them. He entered a Jesuit school as a child and focused on philosophical and religious studies, aiming for priesthood. He also studied music, becoming a skilled harpsichordist and church organist. Yet he decided to leave the seminary as an adult and pursued fur trading instead.

paragraph: Jolliet attended a Jesuit school in Quebec and received minor orders in 1662, but abandoned his plans to become a priest in 1667. He spoke French, English, and Spanish.

paragraph: Section::::Exploration of the Upper Mississippi.

paragraph: While Hernando de Soto was the first European to make official note of the Mississippi River by discovering its southern entrance in 1541, Jolliet and Marquette were the first to locate its upper reaches, and travel most of its length, about 130 years later. De Soto had named the river Rio del Espiritu Santo, but tribes along its length called it variations of "Mississippi".

paragraph: On May 17, 1673, Jolliet and Marquette departed from St. Ignace, Michigan with two canoes and five other voyageurs of French-Indian ancestry. The group followed Lake Michigan to the end of Green Bay. They then paddled upstream (but southward) on the Fox River to the site now known as Portage, Wisconsin. There, they portaged (carried their canoes and gear) a distance of slightly less than two miles through marsh and oak forest to the Wisconsin River. Europeans eventually built a trading post at that shortest convenient portage between the Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins. On June 17, the canoeists ventured onto the Mississippi River near present-day Prairie du Chien.

paragraph: The Jolliet-Marquette expedition traveled down the Mississippi to within 435 miles (700 km) of the Gulf of Mexico. They turned back north at the mouth of the Arkansas River. By this point, they had encountered natives carrying European goods, and worried about a possible hostile encounter with explorers or colonists from Spain. The voyageurs then followed the Mississippi back to the mouth of the Illinois River, which friendly natives told them was a shorter route back to the Great Lakes. Following the Illinois river upstream, they then turned up its tributary the Des Plaines River near modern-day Joliet, Illinois. They then continued up the Des Plaines river, and portaged their canoes and gear at the Chicago Portage. They then followed the Chicago River downstream until they reached Lake Michigan near the location of modern-day Chicago. Father Marquette stayed at the mission of St. Francis Xavier at the southern end of Green Bay, which they reached in August. Joliet returned to Quebec to relate the news of their discoveries.

paragraph: Marquette returned to what later became the Illinois Country in late 1674. He became the first Europeans to winter over in what would become the city of Chicago.

paragraph: Section::::Later years.

paragraph: Jolliet married Claire-Francoise Byssot de la Valtrie, who was Canadian. She was a daughter of Francois Byssot de la Riviere and his wife Marie Couillard. Claire Francoise was also a sister of Louise Byssot de la Valtrie, wife of Seraphin de Margane, Seigneur de la Valtrie. In 1680, Jolliet was granted the Island of Antwhere where he created a fort and maintained soldiers. In 1693, he was appointed "Royal Hydrographer", and on April 30, 1697, he was granted a seigneury southwest of Quebec City which he named Jolliest.

paragraph: In 1694, he sailed from the Gulf of St. Lawrence north along the coast of Labrador as far north as Zoar, a voyage of five and a half months. He recorded details of the country, navigation, the Inuit and their customs. His journal ("Journal de Louis Jolliet allant à la descouverte de Labrador, 1694,") is the earliest known detailed survey of the Labrador coast from the Strait of Belle Isle to Zoar.

paragraph: In May 1700, Louis Jolliet left for Anticosti Island. He then disappears from the historical record of the living. There is no listing of his death or burial place, and the sole record of his fate is the notation that a mass for his soul was said in Quebec on September 15, 1700.

paragraph: Jolliet was one of the first people of European descent born in North America to be remembered for significant discoveries. Though no authentic period portrait is known to exist, Jolliet is often portrayed wearing either typical frontiersman garb such as a fur hat or in sharp contrast, ensconced in the European nobleman's style that his personal wealth and prestige would have commanded although living in colonial society.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Jolliet's main legacy is most tangible in the Midwestern United States and Quebec, mostly through geographical names, including the cities of Joliet, Illinois; Joliet, Montana; and Joliette, Quebec (founded by one of Jolliet's descendants, Barthélemy Joliette).

paragraph: The several variations in the spelling of the name "Jolliet" reflect spelling that occurred at times when illiteracy or poor literacy was common, and spelling was still highly unstandardized. Jolliet's descendants live throughout eastern Canada and the United States. The Louis Jolliet rose, developed by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, was named in his honor.

paragraph: The Jolliet Squadron of cadets at the Royal Military College Saint-Jean in the Province of Quebec was named in his honor. Joliet Junior College in Joliet, Illinois is named after the explorer, as are numerous high schools in North America.

paragraph: A cruise ship sailing out of Quebec City is also named in his honour.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- French colonization of the Americas

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jolliet 1645-1700

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography at the "Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online"

description: Canadian explorer

wikidata_label: Louis Jolliet

wikipedia_title: Louis Jolliet


text:
Italian
crusade
Dante Alighieri
Florence
Second Crusade
Emperor Conrad III
Paradiso
Purgatory
Virgil
Aeneas
Anchises

categories: 1140s deaths,1090s births,12th-century Italian people,People from the Province of Florence,Italian soldiers,Christians of the Crusades

paragraph: Cacciaguida

paragraph: Cacciaguida degli Elisei (c. 1098 – c. 1148) was an Italian crusader, the great-great-grandfather of Dante Alighieri.

paragraph: Little is known about his life. He was born in Florence, and two documents from 1189 and 1201 mention his existence. The 1189 document lists his sons as Preitenetto and Alighiero, the latter being Dante's great-grandfather, and the source of his surname. All other details of his biography are those from his most famous descendant's works. Dante recounts that Cacciaguida joined the Second Crusade and was there knighted by Emperor Conrad III before dying in the Holy Land.

paragraph: Dante meets Cacciaguida in "Paradiso", precisely in the "canti" XV-XVII. Cacciaguida is the only ancestor of Dante he encounters (although Alighiero is mentioned as remaining in the first level of Purgatory), and the elder serves as a father figure to poet, and a parallel to Virgil's Aeneas meeting with his own father Anchises.

paragraph: Apart from their literary value, the "canti" are important for the information they provide about Florence in the 12th century. In the "canto" XVII, Cacciaguida forecasts Dante's future, namely his exile from Florence and the solitude of his late years.

description: Italian crusader

wikidata_label: Cacciaguida

wikipedia_title: Cacciaguida


text: Mont-Saint-Aignan

text: Rouen

text: Darius Milhaud

text: ondes Martenot

text: Darmstädter Ferienkurse

text: Henri Pousseur

text: Hermann Scherchen

text: Olivier Messiaen

text: Pierre Boulez

text: Karlheinz Stockhausen

text: City of Basel Music Academy

text: University of California, Berkeley

text: Studio for Electronic Music (WDR)

text: Dào

text: NHK

text: Fátima Miranda

text: electro-acoustics

text: Fibonacci number

text: Le Monde de la musique

text: Mâche, François-Bernard

text: Official website

text: Jean-Claude Éloy at Discogs

text: hors territoires Books and Cds

text: hors territoires Texts

text: Musical examples

categories: 20th-century classical composers,Electroacoustic music composers,French male classical composers,Ondists,Pupils of Karlheinz Stockhausen,French music theorists,Pupils of Darius Milhaud,21st-century classical composers,1938 births,French classical composers,People from Mont-Saint-Aignan,Living people

paragraph: Jean-Claude Éloy

paragraph: Jean-Claude Éloy (born 15 June 1938) is a French composer of instrumental, vocal and electroacoustic music.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Jean-Claude Éloy was born in Mont-Saint-Aignan near Rouen. He studied composition with Darius Milhaud at the Paris Conservatory, where he also was awarded four "premier prix", in piano (1957), in chamber music (1958), in counterpoint (1959), and in ondes Martenot (1960). During this same period he attended the Darmstädter Ferienkurse in 1957, 1960, and 1961, where he studied with Henri Pousseur, Hermann Scherchen, Olivier Messiaen, Pierre Boulez, and Karlheinz Stockhausen. In 1961 he also studied with Boulez at the City of Basel Music Academy. In 1966 he joined the faculty of the University of California, Berkeley, where he taught until 1968. At Stockhausen's invitation, he spent 1972–73 working at the Studio for Electronic Music (WDR) in Cologne, where he produced "Shânti" (revised in 1974), for electronic and concrete sounds, in which he explored timbre and aspects of musical time.

paragraph: In 1977 and 1978 Éloy spent long periods of time in Japan, realizing one of the high-points in his electronic-music output, the nearly four-hour-long "Gaku-no-Michi" (The Dào [Paths] of Music), at the Electronic Music Studio of NHK in Tokyo.

paragraph: In the late 1980s Éloy embarked on a cycle of compositions collectively titled "Libérations", focussing on women or the feminine principle, and developed in collaboration with exceptional vocalists such as Junko Ueda, Fátima Miranda, and Yumi Nara. Each work is devoted to one or another feminine figure from mythology, literature, or cultural history, and features female solo voices with instruments and/or electro-acoustics. The first two works of the cycle, "Sappho Hikètis" (The Imploring Sappho) and "Butsumyôe" (Ceremony of Repentance) were composed in 1989. These were followed in 1990–91 by "Erkos" (Hymn of Praise), then by "Gaia Songs" (1991–92), and finally "Galaxies" (Sigma version 1996). Although the cycle is in principle a "work in progress", after 1996 Eloy stopped composing, due to various problems. As of 2013 it was uncertain whether he would continue this cycle. In 2011 the composer decided to retitle the cycle "Chants pour l'autre moitié du ciel" [Songs for the Other Half of the Sky], subtitled Songs of Loneliness, of Supplication, of Revolt, of Celebrations, or of Prayers.

paragraph: Section::::Style and technique.

paragraph: Through most of his career, Asian (especially Hindu) music and aesthetics have had a strong influence on Éloy's music. In some earlier works, Fibonacci numbers played a part—in a very obvious way in "Équivalences", where fermatas are assigned values of ½, 1, 1½, 2½, 4, and 6½ seconds, and disguised by arbitrary arithmetic transformations in the rhythms of the withdrawn composition "Macles".

paragraph: Regarding "Équivalences" (1963), the composer stated

paragraph: Section::::Works (selection).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nocturne, for piano (1954)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stèle pour Omar Khayyam", for soprano, piano, harp, and percussion (1960)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Étude III, for orchestra, with five percussions, celesta, harp, and piano (1962)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Équivalences", for 18 players (1963)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Faisceaux-Diffractions", for 28 players (1970)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kâmakalâ" ("Le Triangle des énergies"), for three orchestral groups, five choral groups, with three conductors (1971)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Shânti" ("Paix"), for electronic and concrete sounds (1972–73)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fluctuante-Immuable", for large orchestra (1977)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gaku-no-Michi" ("Les Voies de la musique" or "Le Tao de la musique"), film without images for electronic and concrete sounds (1977–78); realized at the NHK Electronic Music Studio, Tokyo

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Yo-In" ("Réverbérations"), "théâtre sonore" for an imaginary ritual in four acts, for electronic and concrete sounds (1980); realized at the Instituut voor Sonologie, Rijkuniversiteit, Utrecht

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A l'approche du feu méditant", for 27 players of a Japanese gagaku orchestra, two choruses of Buddhist monks from the Tendai and Shingon sects, six percussionists, and five bugaku dancers (1983); commissioned by the National Theater of Japan (Kokuritsu Gekijo), Tokyo

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Anâhata" ("Vibration primordiale" or "Vibration d’origine"), for five Japanese traditional musicians (three gagaku players and two Shômyô singers), percussion, electronic and concrete sounds, staging and lights (1984–86); commissioned by the Festival d’Automne à Paris

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Libérations" (1989, renamed "Chants pour l'autre moitié du ciel" [Songs for the Other Half of the Sky] in 2011); commissioned by the Festival d’Automne à Paris

paragraph: BULLET::::1. "Butsumyôe" ("La cérémonie du repentir"), for two female voices (sopranos with extended vocal techniques, using varied percussion instruments)

paragraph: BULLET::::2. "Sappho hiketis" ("Sappho implorante"), for two female voices (sopranos with extended vocal techniques), and electroacoustic music

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Erkos" ("Chant, Louange"), for a solo Satsuma-Biwa player using vocal extended techniques and several percussion instruments, with electroacoustic music (1990–91); commissioned by the WDR and realized at the WDR Studio for Electronic Music, Cologne

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Galaxies" (Sigma version), with the vocal solo "...kono yo no hoka..." ("... ce monde au-delà ..."), for a vocalist using extended Shômyô vocal techniques, with electroacoustic music, light and staging (1996); commissioned by Roger Lafosse for the festival Sigma and realized at the Electronic music studio of the Sweelinck Conservatory, Amsterdam

paragraph: BULLET::::- "L'Anneau des sept lumières" [The Ring of the Seven Lights]; "Metametal" (long version). Seven continuous variations from a single Bonshô sample, for electronic and concrete sounds (1994–95, revision and new master 2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Etats-Limites, ou les cris de Petra" [Borderlines, or Petra’s Shouts], for electronic and concrete sounds (2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Minuit de la Foi" [The Midnight of the Faith], for electronic and concrete sounds (2014)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chauvin, Marie-José (1971). "Entretien avec Jean-Claude Eloy". "Courrier musical de France" 36 (October–December).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Deloche, Aimée-Catherine (1985). "Eloy, le temps revisité". "Silences" 1:159–67.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Éloy, Jean-Claude (1969). "Musiques d'Orient, notre univers familier". In "La musique dans la vie" 2 ("Rayonnement des cultures africaines, regards sur les civilisations asiatiques, quelques problèmes du monde actuel"), 183–215. Paris: ORTF.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Éloy, Jean-Claude (1970). "Improvisation: Refuge, utopia or necessity?" "The World of Music/Die Welt der Musik/Le Monde de la musique" 12, no. 3:6–21. [In English, German and French.]

paragraph: BULLET::::- Éloy, Jean-Claude (1995). "L'autre versant des sons: Vers de nouvelles frontières des territoires de la musique? " In "La musique et le monde" (Internationale de l'imaginaire, nouvelle serie 4), edited by Françoise Gründ, 193–231. Arles: Actes Sud. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Éloy, Jean-Claude (2006). "From "Kâmakalâ" to "Shânti"". In "Komposition und Musikwissenschaft im Dialog V (2001–2004)", edited by Imke Misch and Christoph von Blumröder, 23–53. Signale aus Köln, Musik der Zeit 11. Münster, Berlin, Hamburg, London, Vienna: Lit-Verlag. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Felder, John (1981). "The Structural Function of Wind Role Transformations in "Equivalences" by J. C. Eloy." "Ex Tempore: A Journal of Compositional and Theoretical Research in Music" 1, no. 1:18-35

paragraph: BULLET::::- Green, Tona (1991). "Interview with Jean-Claude Éloy". "Computer Music Journal" 15, no. 1 (Spring): 14–19.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mâche, François-Bernard (1963). "Une oeuvre nouvelle de Messiaen". "Mercure de France" 1202 (December), 828–31. Reprinted in François-Bernard Mâche, "Un demi-siècle de musique...et toujours contemporaine", Collection sémiotique et philosophie de la musique (Paris: L'Harmattan, 2000), 28–31. [discusses Jean-Claude Éloy's "Équivalences" as well as Messiaen's "Sept haïkaï"]

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rockwell, John (1983). "Music: Jean-Claude Eloy". "The New York Times" (19 November).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stoianova, Ivanka (1993). "Mythen der Weiblichkeit in der achtziger und neunziger Jahren: Stockhausen, Eloy", "Wiederaneignung und Neubestimmung, der Fall ‘Postmoderne’ in der Musik" (Studien zur Wertungsforschung), ed. Otto Kolleritsch, 87–116. Vienna: Universal Edition.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stoianova, Ivanka (1997). "Jean-Claude Éloy: à la recherche du feu méditant: portrait du compositeur". In "Music and Sciences", ed. G.F. Arlandi, 196–227. Bochum.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stoianova, Ivanka (2003). "Produktion und Reproduktion in der elektronischen Musik am Beispiel von Jean-Claude Eloy". In "Musikalische Produktion und Interpretation: Zur historischen Unaufhebbarkeit einer ästhetischen Konstellation" (Studien zur Wertungsforschung 43), ed. Otto Kolleritsch, 163–75. Vienna: Universal Edition.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stoianova, Ivanka (2004). "Entre détermination et aventure: Essais sur la musique de la deuxième moitié du XXème siècle". Paris: Editions l'Harmattan.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Weid, Jean-Noël von der (1997). "La cosmogonie sonore de Jean-Claude Éloy". "Dissonanz", no.51:30–32. English translation from the composer's website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Young, Rob (2010). "Jean-Claude Eloy: "Shânti", Hors Territoires 2 × CD; "Gaku-No-Michi", Hors Territoires 4 × CD". "The Wire", no. 321 (28 October): 57.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean-Claude Éloy at Discogs

paragraph: BULLET::::- Excerpt from "YO-IN (Réverbérations)", 1980 on YouTube

paragraph: BULLET::::- Books revues, interviews, recordings, scores, memories

paragraph: BULLET::::- hors territoires Books and Cds

paragraph: BULLET::::- hors territoires Texts

paragraph: BULLET::::- Musical examples

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fruitman, Stephen (2012). "Jean-Claude Eloy: 4View (Hors Territoires)" CD review, Igloomag.com

description: French composer

wikidata_label: Jean-Claude Éloy

wikipedia_title: Jean-Claude Éloy


text:
German
American
engineer
inventor
patent
electric incandescent lamp
electric motor
sewing machine
ceiling fan
Thomas Edison
New York City
Singer Manufacturing Company
Chicago, Illinois
Remington Machine Company
Great Chicago Fire
Elizabeth, New Jersey
Thomas Edison
George Westinghouse
Franklin Institute
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
dynamo
Schuyler Skaats Wheeler
blade
sewing machine
motor
ceiling fan
light fixture
oscillating
fan
Elizabeth, New Jersey
Story of Philip Diehl

categories: 1847 births,German inventors,American inventors,1913 deaths,People from Elizabeth, New Jersey,People associated with electricity,German emigrants to the United States,People from Rhenish Hesse

paragraph: Philip Diehl (inventor)

paragraph: Philip H. Diehl (January 29, 1847 – April 7, 1913) was a German-American mechanical engineer and inventor who held several U.S. patents, including electric incandescent lamps, electric motors for sewing machines and other uses, and ceiling fans. Diehl was a contemporary of Thomas Edison and his inventions caused Edison to reduce the price of his incandescent bulb.

paragraph: He occasionally spelled his first name 'Phillip'.

paragraph: In July 1868, he immigrated to New York City where he worked in several machine shops before finding work as an apprentice with the Singer Manufacturing Company. In 1870 or 1871 he was transferred to Chicago, Illinois and worked at Remington Machine Company until 1875. He lost all of his possessions in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. In 1873, Diehl married Emilie Loos in Chicago.

paragraph: In 1875, Diehl moved to Elizabeth, New Jersey and took charge of experimental work improving sewing machines at the Singer plant. His daughter, Clara Elvira, was born April 2, 1876.

paragraph: Section::::Inventions.

paragraph: While working at Singer in Elizabeth, Diehl experimented at work and at his home. This resulted in several inventions.

paragraph: Section::::Inventions.:Electric light.

paragraph: Working in the basement of his home on Orchard Street in Elizabeth, New Jersey, Diehl invented a lamp that was different from Thomas Edison's incandescent electric lamp, which was patented in 1879. Diehl's lamp had no lead-in wires. In 1882 Diehl obtained the first patent on this induction incandescent lamp. The base of the lamp contained a wire coil that coupled with a primary coil in the lamp socket, causing current to flow through the lamp without the need for lead-in wires. Two additional patents were granted in 1883, followed by patents for electrical lighting systems in 1885 and 1886.

paragraph: Following is a partial list of lamp or lighting related patents issued to Philip Diehl:

paragraph: BULLET::::- U.S. No. 255,497, Incandescent Electric Lamp, March 28, 1882

paragraph: BULLET::::- U.S. No. 272,125, Electric Incandescent Lamp, February 13, 1883

paragraph: BULLET::::- U.S. No. 276,571, Incandescent Electric Lamp, May 1, 1883

paragraph: BULLET::::- U.S. No. 314,567, Electric Arc Lamp, March 31, 1885

paragraph: BULLET::::- U.S. No. 350,482, Electric Lighting System, October 12, 1886

paragraph: Diehl erected the city's first arc light in front of the Corey Building in Elizabeth, which still stands at 109 Broad Street.

paragraph: Diehl's invention of the induction lamp was used by George Westinghouse to force royalty concessions from Thomas Edison. The Westinghouse Company bought Diehl's patent rights for $25,000. Although Diehl's lamp could not be made and sold at a price to compete with the Edison lamp, the Westinghouse Company used the Diehl bulb to force the holders of the Edison patent to charge a more reasonable rate for the use of the Edison patent rights.

paragraph: Section::::Inventions.:Electric engines.

paragraph: Diehl's work at Singer to improve the sewing machine led to developments in electric motors, first to power sewing machines and later for other uses as well. In 1884 at the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania he demonstrated a dynamo, modeled after his smaller motor, which generated a current for arc lamps, sewing machine motors and incandescent lamps, all covered by his patents. The judicial committee at the exhibition judged it to be one of the best dynamos exhibited.

paragraph: Section::::Inventions.:Ceiling fan.

paragraph: The fan was invented in 1882 by Schuyler Skaats Wheeler. A few years later, Philip Diehl mounted a fan blade on a sewing machine motor and attached it to the ceiling, inventing the ceiling fan, which he patented in 1887. Later, he added a light fixture to the ceiling fan. Later in 1904, Diehl and Co. added a split-ball joint, allowing it to be redirected; three years later, this developed into the first oscillating fan.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Philip Diehl died on April 7, 1913 in Elizabeth, New Jersey.

paragraph: Section::::Honors.

paragraph: In 1889 the American Institute of New York awarded Philip Diehl a bronze medal, which bears the inscription "The Medal of Merit, awarded to Philip Diehl for Electric Fans and Dynamos, 1889."

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Story of Philip Diehl (contains online references to many of the sources in the References section)

description: German-American engineer and inventor

wikidata_label: Philip Diehl

wikipedia_title: Philip Diehl (inventor)


text: sumo

text: Namioka

text: Aomori

text: Japan

text: yokozuna

text: Naruto stable

text: football

text: judo

text: Wakanohana Kanji II

text: Futagoyama stable

text: makuuchi

text: jūryō

text: san'yaku

text: maegashira

text: Popeye

text: weight training

text: sekiwake

text: ōzeki

text: diabetes

text: Mienoumi

text: Futabayama

text: Chiyonofuji

text: mawashi

text: Madison Square Garden

text: Sumo Association

text: oyakata

text: Naruto stable

text: Matsudo, Chiba

text: Rikio

text: Wakanosato

text: Takanowaka

text: Takanotsuru

text: Kisenosato

text: Takayasu

text: Takanoyama

text: judge

text: NHK

text: Shūkan Shinchō

text: insulin

text: Hanaregoma

text: respiratory failure

text: Fukuoka

text: kimarite

text: sekitori

text: Glossary of sumo terms

text: List of past sumo wrestlers

text: List of yokozuna

text: Japan Sumo Association profile

categories: Sumo people from Aomori Prefecture,1952 births,Japanese sumo wrestlers,People from Aomori, Aomori,2011 deaths

paragraph: Takanosato Toshihide

paragraph: Takanosato Toshihide (Toshihide Takaya, September 29, 1952 – November 7, 2011) was a sumo wrestler from Namioka, Aomori, Japan. He was the sport's 59th "yokozuna" from 1983 to 1986 and won four top division tournament championships. After retirement he established Naruto stable which he ran from 1989 until his death.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: Takanosato played football and judo before turning to sumo. He was from the same area of Japan as Wakanohana Kanji II and the two entered professional sumo together in July 1968, joining Futagoyama stable. Takanosato reached the top "makuuchi" division in May 1975 but had some indifferent results and fell back to the "jūryō" division on several occasions. A late developer, he did not reach the "san'yaku" ranks until 1979, by which time Wakanohana was already a "yokozuna". In 1980 he was runner-up in two consecutive tournaments, but he did so from the "maegashira" ranks. Nicknamed "Popeye" because of his brawny physique, he was one of the few wrestlers in his day to use weight training, which is now commonplace in sumo. By 1981 he was a "san'yaku" regular, and in January 1982 he produced his third runner-up performance, this time at "sekiwake" rank, and earned promotion to "ōzeki." Following his promotion he announced that he had been suffering from diabetes for many years, and had devised a special diet to keep the illness under control. He won his first top division championship in September 1982 with a perfect 15–0 record. He was runner-up in the tournaments of March and May 1983, and then took his second championship in July. Following this tournament was promoted to "yokozuna".

paragraph: Section::::"Yokozuna".

paragraph: Takanosato was almost thirty one years old when he reached sumo's highest rank, and the 91 tournaments it took him to reach "yokozuna" from his professional debut is the second slowest in sumo history, behind only Mienoumi. Most "yokozuna" struggle to perform well in the tournament immediately following their promotion, but Takanosato won it with a perfect record—the first "yokozuna" to do so since Futabayama in the 1930s. Although his "yokozuna" career was relatively short, he had a great rivalry with fellow "yokozuna" Chiyonofuji. In the four tournaments from July 1983 to January 1984, the two wrestlers came into the final day with the same score. This is a unique occurrence in sumo. It was Takanosato who won three out of the four tournament-deciding bouts, and he was one of the few wrestlers to have a winning record against Chiyonofuji. He studied Chiyonofuji's fighting style through watching videotapes of his bouts over and over, and was often able to keep his rival from getting his favoured left hand grip on his "mawashi." Takanosato defeated Chiyonofuji eight times in a row from July 1981 to September 1982 and overall emerged victorious from 18 of their 31 encounters.

paragraph: Takanosato's fourth tournament championship in January 1984 proved to be his last, and thereafter his "yokozuna" career was disappointing. He missed most of 1985 through injury, only managing to complete one tournament, although he did take part in the three day exhibition tournament held in Madison Square Garden in June. He announced his retirement in January 1986 at the age of 33.

paragraph: Section::::Retirement from sumo.

paragraph: Takanosato took the name Naruto upon joining the Sumo Association as an "oyakata", or elder, and in 1989 opened his own Naruto stable in Matsudo, Chiba, which has produced several top division wrestlers. The first was Rikio (now a professional wrestler) in 1996 and he was followed by Wakanosato in 1998, Takanowaka in 1999, Takanotsuru in 2003, Kisenosato in 2004, and Takayasu and Takanoyama in 2011. Naruto also worked as a judge of tournament bouts and for NHK as a sumo commentator.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: In October 2011 the Sumo Association launched an investigation into allegations made by the news magazine "Shūkan Shinchō" that Naruto had beaten a former junior member of his stable with a block of wood and had injected Takanoyama with insulin so that the barely 100 kg wrestler would increase his appetite and put on weight. Both Naruto and Takanoyama were summoned for questioning by chairman Hanaregoma. Just days later, on November 7, 2011, Naruto died of respiratory failure in Fukuoka at the age of 59. At the end of the Kyushu tournament held later the same month, Kisenosato was promoted to "ōzeki", something Naruto had always dreamed of seeing.

paragraph: Section::::Fighting style.

paragraph: Takanosato's most common winning "kimarite" or technique was overwhelmingly "yorikiri" or force out, which accounted for about 45 percent of his victories at "sekitori" level. He preferred a "migi-yotsu" grip (the same as Chiyonofuji), with his left hand outside and right hand inside his opponent's arms. He also regularly won by "uwatenage" (overarm throw) and "tsuridashi" (lift out), the latter a technique seldom seen today due to the increasing weight of wrestlers.

paragraph: Section::::Career record.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Glossary of sumo terms

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of sumo tournament top division champions

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of sumo tournament top division runners-up

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of sumo tournament second division champions

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of past sumo wrestlers

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of yokozuna

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Japan Sumo Association profile

description: Sumo wrestler

wikidata_label: Takanosato Toshihide

wikipedia_title: Takanosato Toshihide


text: KCB

text: British

text: Whig

text: Charles Shaw-Lefevre

text: Trinity College, Cambridge

text: Senior Wrangler

text: called to the Bar

text: Inner Temple

text: Fellow of the Royal Society

text: Petersfield

text: Lord Grey

text: Poor Law Commissioner

text: Poor Law Amendment Act

text: Clerk of the Parliaments

text: University of London

text: KCB

text: George

text: Madeleine Shaw-Lefevre

text: Somerville Hall

text: Arthur Hamilton-Gordon

text: 4th Earl of Aberdeen

text: Lefevre Peninsula

text: South Australia

text: Governor

text: John Hindmarsh

categories: UK MPs 1832–1835,Whig (British political party) MPs,1879 deaths,Senior Wranglers,Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge,1797 births,Members of the Inner Temple,Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies,Vice-Chancellors of the University of London

paragraph: John Shaw-Lefevre

paragraph: Sir John George Shaw-Lefevre KCB (24 January 1797 – 20 August 1879) was a British barrister, Whig politician and civil servant.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Shaw-Lefevre was the son of Charles Shaw-Lefevre by his wife Helen, daughter of John Lefevre. Charles Shaw-Lefevre, 1st Viscount Eversley, was his elder brother. He was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge, where he was Senior Wrangler in 1818, and was called to the Bar, Inner Temple. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1820.

paragraph: He was returned to Parliament for Petersfield in December 1832, but was unseated on petition in March 1833. He served under Lord Grey as Under-Secretary of State for War and the Colonies in 1834. The latter year Shaw-Lefevre was appointed a Poor Law Commissioner after the passing of the Poor Law Amendment Act, which he remained until 1841. Between 1856 and 1875 he served as Clerk of the Parliaments. He also helped found the University of London and served as its Vice-Chancellor for many years. He was made a KCB in 1857 for his public services.

paragraph: Shaw-Lefevre married Rachel Emily, daughter of Ichabod Wright, in 1824. They had one surviving son, George, who became a prominent politician and was ennobled as Baron Eversley, and five daughters. One daughter, Madeleine Shaw-Lefevre, was the first Principal of Somerville Hall; another daughter, Rachel, married Arthur Hamilton-Gordon, son of the Prime Minister the 4th Earl of Aberdeen.

paragraph: Shaw-Lefevre died in August 1879, aged 82. His wife lived for six more years before dying in February 1885.

paragraph: The Lefevre Peninsula in South Australia, was named by Governor John Hindmarsh on 3 June 1837 after Shaw-Lefevre, who was one of South Australia's Colonisation Commissioners.

alias:
John George Shaw-Lefevre
Sir John Shaw-Lefevre

wikidata_label: John Shaw-Lefevre

wikipedia_title: John Shaw Lefevre

wikipedia_title: John Shaw-Lefevre


text:
Lasarte
Álava
Spanish
road racing cyclist
1975 Giro d'Italia
1979 Vuelta a España
1972 Giro d'Italia
1976 Tour de France
1977 Tour de France

categories: Sportspeople from Vitoria-Gasteiz,1947 births,Living people,Basque cyclists,Spanish Giro d'Italia stage winners,Spanish male cyclists,Giro d'Italia cyclists

paragraph: Francisco Galdós

paragraph: Francisco Galdós Gauna (born May 6, 1947 in Lasarte, Álava) is a Spanish former professional road racing cyclist. He finished second in the 1975 Giro d'Italia and 1979 Vuelta a España, third in 1972 Giro d'Italia, sixth in the 1976 Tour de France as well as an impressive fourth in the 1977 Tour de France

description: Road bicycle racer

wikidata_label: Francisco Galdós

wikipedia_title: Francisco Galdós


text: Walton-le-Dale

text: Preston, Lancashire

text: Ushaw College

text: elocution

text: Egton Bridge

text: Ugthorpe

text: Brunswick

text: Joseph Gillow

categories: People from Walton-le-Dale,1800 births,1886 deaths,19th-century English Roman Catholic priests

paragraph: Nicholas Rigby

paragraph: Nicholas Rigby (1800 – 7 September 1886), was an English Catholic priest.

paragraph: He was born in Walton-le-Dale near Preston, Lancashire. At the age of twelve he went to Ushaw College, where he was for a time professor of elocution. Ordained priest in September, 1826, he was sent to St. Mary's, Wycliffe, for six months, and was then given the united missions of Egton Bridge and Ugthorpe. After seven years the two missions were again separated, and he took up his residence at Ugthorpe. There he built a church (opened in 1855), started a new cemetery, and founded a middle-class college. About 1884 he resigned the mission work to his curate, the Rev. E.J. Hickey. He died at Ugthorpe. His obituary notice, in the "Catholic Times" of 17 September 1886, gives a sketch of his life.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Real Doctrine of the Church on Scripture", to which is added an account of the conversion of the Duke of Brunswick (Anton Ulrich, 1710)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Father Ignatius Spencer" (1830), (York, 1834), dedicated to the Rev. Benedict Rayment.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Other works, chiefly treatises on primary truths, or sermons of a controversial character, are described in Joseph Gillow, "Bibl. Dict. Eng. Cath."

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Father Rigby's "The Real Doctrine of the Catholic Church on the Scripture"

description: British priest

wikidata_label: Nicholas Rigby

wikipedia_title: Nicholas Rigby


text: poet

text: Chile

text: Araucan Conquest

text: Angol

text: Spain

text: Lima

text: Universidad de San Marcos

text: viceroy

text: couplets

text: La Araucana

text: Alonso de Ercilla y Zúñiga

text: Virgil’s

text: Aeneid

text: Battle of Bío-Bío

text: Quito

text: Richard Hawkins

text: Caupolicán

text: Mapuches

text: archbishop of Lima

text: Pedro Muñiz

text: Luis de Góngora

text: Juan de Espinosa Medrano

text: Pedro de Oña

text: Pedro de Oña

categories: 1570 births,People of the Arauco War,17th-century Chilean poets,16th-century Chilean poets,1643 deaths,History of Chile,Chilean male poets

paragraph: Pedro de Oña

paragraph: Pedro de Oña (1570–1643) is considered the first known poet born in Chile, and is best remembered for his verse epic poem "Primera parte de Arauco domado" (“First Part of the Araucan Conquest”). Born in Angol, he was the son of a military captain, Gregorio de Oña, who had perished during the conquest of Chile by Spain. Pedro de Oña grew up amid this ongoing conflict; he was born in what was then a small military post, in a territory largely controlled by Chile's indigenous peoples.

paragraph: His mother remarried with a man of considerable influence, thus allowing Pedro de Oña to study in Lima at the Real Colegio de San Martín and later, at the Universidad de San Marcos. He received his degree from the viceroy García Hurtado de Mendoza, 5th Marquis of Cañete, and in 1596 received his bachelor's degree in Lima. He studied various baroque and classical writers, and worked at various jobs in Peru.

paragraph: In 1596 he published "Arauco domado". This epic poem, written in rhymed couplets, praises the military deeds of Hurtado de Mendoza.

paragraph: It appears that Hurtado de Mendoza, dissatisfied with how he was portrayed in "La Araucana" by Alonso de Ercilla y Zúñiga, commissioned a new work: De Oña’s. His models were Virgil’s "Aeneid" as well as Ercilla's work, although, while Ercilla praised the courage of the indigenous people, De Oña praises the courage of his patron Hurtado de Mendoza. The "Arauco domado" is a poem of 20 cantos that contain dramatic episodes, which include the Battle of Bío-Bío, the rebellion in Quito against the royal tax collectors, and the naval victory of the pirate Richarte Aquines (i.e. Richard Hawkins) over Don Beltrán de Castro y de la Cueva. Other cantos refer to dreams and prophecies, while some contain pastoral and erotic elements, such as the passage concerning Caupolicán and Fresia bathing in a fountain in a glade. In the poem, De Oña characterizes the Mapuches as savage and terrifying. Nevertheless, he provides information on their rites and customs, and those of other indigenous peoples.

paragraph: When his patron Hurtado de Mendoza departed from Peru, the viceroy’s enemies decided to harm Pedro de Oña’s career by banning "Arauco domado" and denouncing the writer for various writings that the archbishop of Lima, Pedro Muñiz, considered defamatory.

paragraph: De Oña also wrote the "Temblor de Lima de 1609" (Lima, 1609), "El Vasauro" (Cuzco, 1635), and a sacred epic, the "Ignacio de Cantabria" (Seville, 1639). In his "Apologético en favor de Don Luis de Góngora, Príncipe de los poetas lyricos de España: contra Manuel de Faria y Sousa, Cavallero portugués" (1662), Juan de Espinosa Medrano refers to Pedro de Oña, among others, in his defense of Góngora.

paragraph: When De Oña’s wife died, the poet was left with five children in his care and lived in poverty for the rest of his life.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pedro de Oña

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pedro de Oña

description: Chilean writer

wikidata_label: Pedro de Oña

wikipedia_title: Pedro de Oña


text: Samurai Wiki

categories: Daimyo,1600 deaths,Samurai,Year of birth unknown

paragraph:
Ishida Masatsugu
Section::::Bibliography.
BULLET::::- Samurai Wiki

description: samurai

wikidata_label: Ishida Masatsugu

wikipedia_title: Ishida Masatsugu


text:
Welf VI
Duke of Spoleto
Margrave of Tuscany
Godfrey of Calw
count palatine of the Rhine
House of Welf
Swabia
Altdorf
Ravensburg
Frederick Barbarossa
king of Germany
duke of Spoleto
Hugh of Tübingen
malaria
Alps
malaria
Siena
Steingaden Abbey

categories: Margraves of Tuscany,Dukes of Spoleto,House of Welf,12th-century births

paragraph: Welf VII

paragraph: Welf VII (c. 1135 – 11 or 12 September 1167) was the only son of Welf VI, Duke of Spoleto and Margrave of Tuscany, and Uta, daughter of Godfrey of Calw, count palatine of the Rhine. He was a member of the House of Welf.

paragraph: His father inherited the family's estates in Swabia, including the prominent counties of Altdorf and Ravensburg, which he gave to Welf. Welf, however, spent much of his time managing the Italian possessions while his father stayed in Swabia. Both Welfs supported Frederick Barbarossa as king of Germany and the younger Welf (VII) accompanied him on his Italian campaigns, starting in 1154. In 1160, he was made duke of Spoleto by the emperor. Between 1164 and 1166, he participated in the famous feud between his father and Hugh of Tübingen, which the emperor himself resolved. He was a participant in the campaign of 1167, in which malaria devastated the army and forced the emperor back over the Alps. Welf was a victim of the malaria and died at Siena. He was buried in Steingaden Abbey in Bavaria, where his father was also later buried.

description: Swabian noble

wikidata_label: Welf VII

wikipedia_title: Welf VII


text:
Italian
Venice
Ricciardo Amadino
typeface
Luca Marenzio
Scotto
moveable type
Giovanni Croce
Lodovico Grossi da Viadana
Luca Marenzio
Giammateo Asola
Adriano Banchieri
Stefano Bernardi
Antonio Cifra
Alessandro Grandi
Felice Anerio
Girolamo Diruta
Ignazio Donati
Ruggiero Giovannelli
Giulio Caccini
Le nuove musiche
Euridice
Giovanni Bassano
Riccardo Rognoni
Giovanni Battista Bovicelli
Giovanni Battista Spadi
Bernardino Bottazzi
Giovanni Artusi
Claudio Monteverdi
Romano Micheli
Grove Music Online
grovemusic.com

categories: 16th-century births,Italian printers,Italian music publishers (people),People from Venice,Sheet music publishers (people),17th-century Italian people,16th-century Italian people

paragraph: Giacomo Vincenti

paragraph: Giacomo Vincenti (died 1619) was an Italian bookseller and music printer from Venice. He also spelled his name Vincenci and Vincenzi. He started printing in 1583. His partner was Ricciardo Amadino, and between 1583 and 1586 they printed about twenty books a year, mostly editions of music. Although their official partnership ended in 1586 they continued to use the same typefaces, collaborated on some editions, and held joint copyrights in others. In 1587, Vincenti published Luca Marenzio's Fourth Book of Madrigals, with the composer's dedication.

paragraph: Vincenti did have competition, including the firms of Gardano, Scotto and Amadino; however his productions were more wide-ranging. He did not publish many non-musical works. He was one of the first music publishers to publish a trade list, which frequently included prices. Vincenti used the moveable type technique of printing, however, his editions are not regarded as particularly beautiful, although they tend to be accurate.

paragraph: Vincenti published the works of most of the major north Italian composers, including:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Giovanni Croce (55 editions)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lodovico Grossi da Viadana (53)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Luca Marenzio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Giammateo Asola

paragraph: BULLET::::- Adriano Banchieri (both his compositions and treatises)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stefano Bernardi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Antonio Cifra

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alessandro Grandi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Felice Anerio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Girolamo Diruta (and treatises)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ignazio Donati

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ruggiero Giovannelli

paragraph: BULLET::::- Giulio Caccini (reprint of "Le nuove musiche" and "Euridice")

paragraph: As well as musical treatises by people such as:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Giovanni Bassano

paragraph: BULLET::::- Riccardo Rognoni

paragraph: BULLET::::- Giovanni Battista Bovicelli

paragraph: BULLET::::- Giovanni Battista Spadi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bernardino Bottazzi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Giovanni Artusi (including "L’Artusi, overo Delle imperfettioni della moderna musica", which was important in the debate between Artusi and Claudio Monteverdi)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Romano Micheli

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas W. Bridges. "Giacomo Vincenti", "Grove Music Online", ed. L. Macy (accessed May 20, 2006), grovemusic.com (subscription access).

description: Italian bookseller

wikidata_label: Giacomo Vincenti

wikipedia_title: Giacomo Vincenti