text: Székesfehérvár

text: Hungary

text: Budapest

text: Hungarian

text: science fiction

text: World War II

text: József Attila prize

text: Kossuth Prize

text: Galaktika

text: science fiction

text: István Nemere

text: Attila Németh

text: Star Trek

text: dubbed

categories: Hungarian science fiction writers,1999 deaths,Hungarian speculative fiction critics,20th-century Hungarian poets,1923 births,Male poets

paragraph: Péter Kuczka

paragraph: Péter Kuczka (Székesfehérvár, Hungary, 1 March 1923 – Budapest, Hungary, 8 December 1999) was a Hungarian writer, poet and science fiction editor.

paragraph: After finishing high school, Kuczka studied at the University of Economy in Hungary while working several jobs. He started writing after the end of World War II and from 1940 was influential in Hungarian literature circles.

paragraph: Kuczka's poetry was first printed in 1949 but after 1956 he was not allowed to publish his poetry due to his political views and local political changes. He got national prizes for his early literature in 1950 ("József Attila prize") and 1954 ("Kossuth Prize").

paragraph: He was the editor of the "Kozmosz Fantasztikus Könyvek" "(Cosmos Fantastic Books)" series, whose books were the first science fiction books in Hungary.

paragraph: He was the founder and editor of Galaktika, the third largest science fiction anthology in the world, which had a definitive influence on the evolution of Hungarian science fiction literature.

paragraph: He was the editor of the publisher "Móra Ferenc könyvkiadó" from 1976. "Móra Ferenc könyvkiadó" is a high-quality publisher that has helped the literary education of Hungarian children.

paragraph: Section::::Criticism.

paragraph: After World War II, Kuczka became the number-one speaking-tube of the communist Rákosi system, as he put it, on a voluntary basis. After dozens of Stalin and party eulogies, he won Kossuth Prize in 1954. Later, after the 1956 revolution he found better to revise his former sectarian doctrines to gain some public awareness.

paragraph: Science fiction writer István Nemere described Kuczka as being the state-installed overlord of Hungarian science fiction during the Kádár-era, and that writers who were not sympathetic to him could simply not get their works in print. Nemere accused him of setting throwbacks to his career in the early 1980s.

paragraph: Translator and current Galaktika editor Attila Németh told that Kuczka hated the "Star Trek" franchise (apparently without a reason), and that's why it was almost completely neglected in Hungary during the Socialist era. Németh, a "Star Trek" fan later translated "Trek" novels to Hungarian, and served as translator and consultant on the Hungarian dubbed version of the "Star Trek" series and movies.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kuczka Péter: éveken át", selections from 1942 to 1988

description: Hungarian writer

wikidata_label: Péter Kuczka

wikipedia_title: Péter Kuczka


text:
dermatologist
University of Vienna
University of Basel
Tymau
Buda
Pesth
Josephinum
surgery
dermatosis

paragraph: Joseph Jakob Plenck

paragraph: Joseph Jakob Ritter Plenk or Plenck (1738–1807) was an Austrian physician and polymath. He is now known as a pioneer dermatologist.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Plenck graduated at the University of Vienna in 1763, and was a follower of Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz. An academic at the University of Basel in 1770, he then taught at Tymau, Buda and Pesth. In 1783 he moved to the Josephinum in Vienna.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Plenck was a prolific writer, on subjects including surgery. In 1776 he published a classification of skin diseases, "Doctrina de morbis cutaneis". It introduced a consistent system, dividing dermatosis into 14 classes.

alias:
Josef Plenck
Plenck
Joseph Jacob von Plenck

description: Austrian botanist

wikidata_label: Joseph Jakob von Plenck

wikipedia_title: Joseph Jakob Plenck


text:
ancient Egypt
God's Wife of Amun
20th Dynasty
Ramesses VI
Nubkhesbed
Ramesses VII
God's Wife of Amun
Divine Adoratrice of Amun
18th Dynasty
Third Intermediate Period
God's Wife of Amun
celibacy
Coptos
Manchester Museum
Dra' Abu el-Naga'
cartouche

categories: Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt,Ancient Egyptian priestesses,Ramesses VI,12th-century BC clergy,Ancient Egyptian princesses,12th-century BC women

paragraph: Iset (priestess)

paragraph: Iset "(Aset, Isis)" was an ancient Egyptian princess and God's Wife of Amun during the 20th Dynasty.

paragraph: Iset was the daughter of Pharaoh Ramesses VI and his Great Royal Wife Nubkhesbed, and a sister to Pharaoh Ramesses VII.

paragraph: She was the first to hold the revived titles of God's Wife of Amun and Divine Adoratrice of Amun, both of which had been of great importance during the early 18th Dynasty but fell into disuse later. From her time on, the position of God's Wife became more and more influential, reaching the peak of its power during the Third Intermediate Period. Iset was probably the first God's Wife of Amun to live in celibacy (the previous holders of the title were queens, usually Great Royal Wives).

paragraph: She is depicted on a stela in Coptos (today in the Manchester Museum, inv. no. 1781). Her installation as God's Wife is shown on a block from Dra' Abu el-Naga'. Her name is written in a cartouche along with the title "Divine Adoratrix."

description: Ancient Egyptian princess and priestess

wikidata_label: Iset

wikipedia_title: Iset (priestess)


text:
Gold
Lapis lazuli
ancient Egypt
20th dynasty
Great Royal Wife
Ramesses VI
Ramesses VII
Iset
God's Wife of Amun
Amenherkhepshef
KV13

categories: Queens consort of the Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt,12th-century BC women

paragraph: Nubkhesbed

paragraph: Nubkhesbed (“Gold and Lapis lazuli”) was an ancient Egyptian queen of the 20th dynasty. She was the Great Royal Wife of Pharaoh Ramesses VI and mother of Pharaoh Ramesses VII, Princess Iset (God's Wife of Amun) and Princes Amenherkhepshef and Panebenkemyt.

paragraph: She is mentioned in her son Amenherkhepshef's tomb KV13 and on a stela of her daughter Iset in Coptos.

description: ancient Egyptian queen consort

wikidata_label: Nubkhesbed

wikipedia_title: Nubkhesbed


text: Brzeg

text: Septemvri

text: Polish

text: archaeologist

text: thracologist

text: Pistiros

text: Maritsa

text: Jagiellonian University

text: Kraków

text: Kazimierz Godłowski

text: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences

text: Thrace

text: Celtic

text: Ivan Venedikov

text: Veliko Tarnovo University

text: Celtic art

text: New Bulgarian University

text: University of Warsaw

text: Charles University in Prague

text: University of Opole

categories: 1949 births,1998 deaths,People from Brzeg,Polish archaeologists,Members of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences,Bulgarian archaeologists

paragraph: Mieczysław Domaradzki

paragraph: Mieczysław Marian Domaradzki (, "Mechislav Domaradski"); born October 2, 1949 in Brzeg, Poland – June 26, 1998 in Septemvri, Bulgaria) was a Polish archaeologist and thracologist. Professor Mieczyslaw Domaradzki has devoted his career to Thracian archaeology in Bulgaria. He was the founder of the project "An archaeological map of Bulgaria" and also the discoverer of the emporium Pistiros, an important site founded in the fifth century B.C. in the upper Maritsa (ancient Hebrus) valley, remarkable for its inland location. The archaeological material found in Pistiros is preserved in the Archaeological Museum “Prof. Mieczysław Domaradzki” – in the town of Septemvri.

paragraph: Domaradzki graduated in archaeology from the Jagiellonian University in Kraków. He defended a master's degree thesis on the Celtic shield in Europe under Kazimierz Godłowski in 1972. In 1973, Domaradzki was awarded a doctorate grant by the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and arrived in Bulgaria to study ancient Thrace of the 1st millennium BC. He spent the 22 years from 1976, when he took his doctor's degree (his dissertation was about the Celtic invasions in Thrace) under professor Ivan Venedikov, to his death in 1998, based in that country. Domaradzki was a regular reader at Veliko Tarnovo University and held a master's course on Celtic art at New Bulgarian University, besides giving lectures at various Central European universities, most notably the Jagiellonian University, the University of Warsaw and the Charles University in Prague. In late 1997, he was appointed head of the Department of Archaeology at the University of Opole.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Домарадски, М., 1991, "Том I. Емпорион Пистирос: Трако-гръцки търговски отношения" ИК "Беллопринт" - Пазарджик, 1991 г.;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Домарадски, М., 1994 г., "Изложба цар Котис I. Тракийската държава. Емпорион Пистирос", каталог, гр. Септември, 1994 г.;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Домарадски, М., Танева, В., 1998 г., "Том II. Емпорион Пистирос: Тракийската култура в прехода към елинистичната епоха", гр. Септември, 1998.;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bouzek, J., Domaradzki, M., Archibald, Z., eds. 1997: Pistiros I, Excavations and Studies, Prague;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Archibald, Z., eds. 2002: Pistiros II, Excavations and Studies, Prague;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., eds. 2005: The Culture of Thracians and their Neighbours: Proceedings of the International Symposium in Memory of Prof. Mieczyslaw Domaradzki, with a Round Table "Archaeological Map of Bulgaria", BAR International Series 1350;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Domaradzki, M., Domaradzka, L., Bouzek, J., Rostropowicz, J., eds. 2000: Pistiros et Thasos: Structures economiques dans la peninsule balkanique aux VII e — II e siecles av. J.-C., Opole;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bouzek, J., Domaradzka, L., Archibald, Z., eds. 2007: Pistiros III, Excavations and Studies, Prague.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Emporion Pistiros Excavations Official web site

description: Polish archaeologist

wikidata_label: Mieczysław Domaradzki

wikipedia_title: Mieczysław Domaradzki


text:
Croatian
City of Fiume
Jew
urbanism
Napoleonic wars
Fiume
industrial revolution
Congress of Verona
Bratislava
Fiume
Formula One
Andrea de Adamich

categories: 1828 deaths,Italian Jews,People from Rijeka,1766 births,19th-century Austrian businesspeople,Austrian merchants,People from Fiume,19th-century Italian businesspeople

paragraph: Andrija Ljudevit Adamić

paragraph: Andrea Lodovico Adamich ("Andrija Ljudevit Adamić") (29 November 1766 – 31 October 1828) was a Croatian trader from the City of Fiume, builder, supporter of economical and cultural development.

paragraph: Adamich was born into a wealthy Jewish family of Simon Adamić, tobacco merchant and large estates owner. Adamich was the founder and owner of many factories and manufacturers (paper, liquor, rope, etc.), and a shipowner.

paragraph: He co-founded the Fiume-based firm "Simone Adamich e Figlio" ('Simone Adamich & Son') with his father in 1786 and worked there until 1800.

paragraph: As the building chancellor of the Fiume "Gubernium" in 1790, he tried to transform Fiume into a modern city. His works on the plan of urbanism are also noted. In 1805 he financed and built a theatre with a capacity of 1,600 people, which was subsequently razed.

paragraph: After the Napoleonic wars, Fiume harbour was blocked, and the city was upon the brink of starvation when the English and French navies left. Adamich managed to revive the city's economy, and allowed it to prosper and evolve fully in the age of industrial revolution.

paragraph: He represented Fiume at the Congress of Verona in 1822 and the Bratislava Assembly in 1824-25.

paragraph: Adamich was a visionary, and a great man in history of Fiume. He spoke 6 languages, and had a vast influence in political and merchant circles.

paragraph: The Formula One racing driver Andrea de Adamich is a distant descendant.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Časopis za ekonomsku povijest Jugoslavije" (1982)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kobler, Giovanni "Memorie per la storia della liburnica città di Fiume" (1896)

description: Croatian businessman

wikidata_label: Andrija Ljudevit Adamić

wikipedia_title: Andrija Ljudevit Adamić


text: ukiyo-e

text: Katsukawa school

text: Miyagawa Shunsui

text: Miyagawa Chōshun

text: yakusha-e

text: Kabuki

text: bijin-ga

text: Edo

text: haiku

text: Torii school

text: Shunchō

text: Shun'ei

text: Hokusai

text: triptych or pentaptych

text: bijin

text: Kitao Shigemasa

text: art-name

text: Grove Art Dictionary

text: FAMSF

categories: 1792 deaths,1726 births,18th-century Japanese artists,Katsukawa school

paragraph: Katsukawa Shunshō

paragraph: Katsukawa Shunshō (; 1726 – 19 January 1793) was a Japanese painter and printmaker in the "ukiyo-e" style, and the leading artist of the Katsukawa school. Shunshō studied under Miyagawa Shunsui, son and student of Miyagawa Chōshun, both equally famous and talented ukiyo-e artists. Shunshō is most well known for introducing a new form of "yakusha-e", prints depicting Kabuki actors. However, his "bijin-ga" (images of beautiful women) paintings, while less famous, are said by some scholars to be "the best in the second half of the [18th] century".

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Shunshō first came to Edo to study haiku and painting. He became a noted printmaker of actors with his first works dating from 1760. Though originally a member of the Torii school, he soon broke away and began his own style, which would later be dubbed the Katsukawa school. Among his students were the famous ukiyo-e artists Shunchō, Shun'ei, and Hokusai.

paragraph: Most of Shunshō's actor prints are in the "hoso-e" () format common at the time, but he created a great number of works in triptych or pentaptych sets. The depiction of large portrait-style heads and the insides of actors' dressing rooms is what truly set his work apart from that of earlier artists, however. He was also one of the first to pioneer realistic depictions of actors; in Shunshō's prints, unlike in the works of the Torii school, it was possible for the first time to distinguish not only the theatrical role, but also the actor portraying that role. Shunshō also made use often of the long and narrow "hashira-e" format.

paragraph: Though he painted many revered paintings of "bijin", he produced very few prints depicting the same. "Seirō Bijin Awase Sugata Kagami" (青楼美人合姿鏡), "A Mirror Reflecting the Forms of Fair Women of the Green-Houses"), a printed book on which he collaborated with Kitao Shigemasa, is one of the only printed works containing "bijin-ga" by Shunshō. His paintings not only depicted elegantly painted women and fashions, but great attention is also paid to the landscape elements and architecture of the backgrounds. Though his prints belie a strong fascination with the theatre world, his paintings suggest the complete opposite.

paragraph: Section::::Names.

paragraph: Originally Katsumiyagawa Yūsuke, "Katsukawa Shunshō" is one of many art-names ("gō") taken on by the artist during his life. Others include Jūgasei, Ririn, Yūji, Kyokurōsei, and Rokurokuan. Prior to signing his works with one of these "gō", he used a stamp in the shape of a gourd surrounding the character "mori" (森), meaning "forest"。

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grove Art Dictionary

paragraph: BULLET::::- FAMSF

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shunshō in the collections of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bridge of dreams: the Mary Griggs Burke collection of Japanese art, a catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on this artist (see index)

alias:
Shugasei
Shunshō Katsukawa
Shōgasei
Shunshō Miyagawa
Gifu
勝川春章
Yanagi Masaki
Kyokurōsei
Ririn
Rokurokuan
Kirin
Shunshō Miyakawa
Yūsuke
Shunshō Katsugawa
春章 Katsukawa
Yōsuke
Fujiwara
Masateru
Yuji
Katsukawa Shunsho
Katsukawa Shunshou

description: Japanese artist

wikidata_label: Katsukawa Shunshō

wikipedia_title: Katsukawa Shunshō


text:
Moss Side
Manchester
James
Paul Gilbertson
Eccles
Royal British Legion
instruments
Tim Booth
Q
punk
rhythm section
Gavan Whelan
British Sea Power
fans
Soccer AM
Manchester City
Stuart Maconie

categories: Musicians from Manchester,Male bass guitarists,1963 births,English rock bass guitarists,Living people,James (band) members

paragraph: Jim Glennie

paragraph: James Patrick Glennie (born 10 October 1963, in Moss Side, Manchester) is the bassist for and namesake of English rock band, James. Glennie is the band's longest-serving member, having been there from the first line-up through to the present day.

paragraph: Glennie never really had an interest in music in his youth, but his childhood best friend Paul Gilbertson managed to change his mind after convincing him to buy a bass guitar. Two weeks later they played their first concert at Eccles Royal British Legion club, in which their singer did not show up. Glennie offered himself up to sing instead, and the club manager pulled the plug halfway through their second song, demanding they stopped playing.

paragraph: Glennie and Gilbertson's ritual, in the very early years, was to get very drunk before they went onstage to calm their nerves – this partly explains why they were almost unlistenable when the band first started – coupled with their own admittance that they could not really play their instruments at the time either.

paragraph: After Gilbertson's sacking Glennie was quite badly affected initially, having lost a very close friend and musical companion. Glennie stuck it out, however, and remained true to the James cause. He and the band's singer Tim Booth often had many conflicts, due to Glennie feeling Booth was not doing what was best for the band. Saul Davies admitted in the 2006 Q article that Glennie and Booth "didn't always see eye to eye".

paragraph: He is also the only remaining original member of James.

paragraph: Glennie's style of playing is very much punk influenced as he mostly uses a plectrum to play the bass; but often plays in a more melodic way as a part of the rhythm section.

paragraph: He has played on all James' 11 studio albums and been on all their tours, and served his time from 1982 onwards. Glennie has also witnessed the departures of most of James' members, including Paul Gilbertson, Gavan Whelan, Larry Gott, Andy Diagram, Tim Booth, and Saul Davies.

paragraph: In the period that James was inactive, Glennie seemingly disappeared from the musical radar screen, and was rumoured to have co-produced work for the UK band British Sea Power.

paragraph: In an open letter to James' fans in January 2007, Glennie outlined the band's plans to record a new album and tour the UK.

paragraph: On 17 April 2010, Glennie appeared on Soccer AM and is a fan of Manchester City.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stuart Maconie: "Folklore", Virgin Books 2000,

description: British musician

wikidata_label: Jim Glennie

wikipedia_title: Jim Glennie


text:
magnate
King Edward I of England
King Robert I of Scotland
Alnwick
King Edward II
Piers Gaveston
Battle of Bannockburn
Petworth
John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey
feudal baron
John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey
Alice de Lusignan, Countess of Surrey
Henry III
Jocelin de Louvain
feudal baron
Topcliffe
Sussex
Yorkshire
Topcliffe Castle
Earl of Arundel
Brabant
France
Wales
Edward I
Eleanor FitzAlan
Richard FitzAlan, 8th Earl of Arundel
Henry de Percy, 2nd Baron Percy
John I of Scotland
Philip IV of France
Aquitaine
Berwick on Tweed
knight
Scotichronicon
Dunbar
Ayr
Galloway
Cumberland
Carlisle Castle
William Wallace
Lanark
Robert Bruce
James Stewart
Sir William Douglas
Scottish lowlands
Andrew Murray
Westmorland
Irvine
River Forth
Stirling Castle
Battle of Stirling Bridge
longbow
Falkirk
guerilla
Caerlaverock Castle
Roll of Arms
Leconfield
Roslin
Dunfermline
Stirling Castle
Marguerite of France
Warwolf
trebuchet
Scone Abbey
Galloway
Edward I
Edward
Piers Gaveston
melee
Argyll
Northumberland
Westminster
Isabella
Alnwick Castle
Anthony Bek
Prince Bishop
Durham
Yorkshire
Lincolnshire
licence to fortify
Petworth
Yorkshire
Edward II
Piers Gaveston
Perth
Flanders
York
Scarborough Castle
Newcastle
Warwick
Battle of Bannockburn
Robert Clifford

categories: Anglo-Normans,Barons in the Peerage of England,English people of the Wars of Scottish Independence,People from Petworth,1314 deaths,Scottish landowners,Percy family,13th-century English people,Norman warriors,1273 births,Barons Percy

paragraph: Henry de Percy, 1st Baron Percy

paragraph: Henry de Percy, 1st Baron Percy of Alnwick (25 March 1273 – October 1314) was a medieval English magnate.

paragraph: He fought under King Edward I of England in Wales and Scotland and was granted extensive estates in Scotland, which were later retaken by the Scots under King Robert I of Scotland. He added Alnwick to the family estates in England, founding a dynasty of northern warlords. He rebelled against King Edward II over the issue of Piers Gaveston and was imprisoned for a few months. After his release, he declined to fight under Edward II at the Battle of Bannockburn, remaining at Alnwick, where he died a few months later, aged 41.

paragraph: Section::::Origins.

paragraph: Henry was born at Petworth in Sussex in 1273, seven months after his father's death, saving the family line from extinction, as two older brothers had died in infancy, and all six uncles had died without leaving any legitimate heirs. He was fortunate in having the powerful John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey as his maternal grandfather. Henry was the son of Henry de Percy (d.1272), 7th feudal baron of Topcliffe, Yorkshire, by his wife, Eleanor de Warenne, daughter of John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey by Alice de Lusignan, Countess of Surrey, half sister of King Henry III. His great-great-grandfather was Jocelin de Louvain (d.1180) who had married Agnes de Percy (d.1203), one of the two daughters and co-heiresses of William II de Percy (d.1174/5), 3rd feudal baron of Topcliffe, whose descendants had adopted the surname "de Percy".

paragraph: Section::::Majority & change of arms.

paragraph: In 1293, Henry came into his inheritance of estates in Sussex and Yorkshire, including Topcliffe Castle, the ancient family seat. In 1294 he married Eleanor, daughter of the Earl of Arundel. He then proceeded to change the family coat of arms from "Azure, five fusils in fess or" ("Percy ancient") to "Or, a lion rampant azure" ("Percy modern"). Blue and gold were the Earl Warenne's colours and a gold lion rampant had been the Arundel's arms.

paragraph: Alternatively the arms are said to be the arms of Brabant. This emphasised his royal and noble connections and marked his ambition. This was also the year he went to war for the first time, summoned to fight in France, but then diverted to Wales to join Edward I in suppressing a Welsh rebellion. There he learned the grim business of medieval warfare, and command and supply of armies in the field.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and progeny.

paragraph: Henry de Percy married Eleanor FitzAlan, daughter of Richard FitzAlan, 8th Earl of Arundel, and had two sons:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry de Percy, 2nd Baron Percy (b.1299), who succeeded his father

paragraph: BULLET::::- William de Percy (c.1303-1355)

paragraph: Section::::Knighthood and war in Scotland.

paragraph: By the summer of 1295, Henry was in the north with his grandfather Earl Warenne. Edward I's deliberately humiliating treatment of King John I of Scotland and his nobles was making war inevitable. Warenne was King John's father in law, used as an intermediary by Edward. In 1294 Philip IV of France had taken back Aquitaine from the English crown and now negotiated a treaty with the Scots to wage war on Edward on two fronts. During March 1296 Edward I's army surrounded Berwick on Tweed, then the largest town in Scotland and an important seaport. It was here on 30 March that Henry Percy was knighted by the King. Later on the same day the town was taken and the ruthless king, apparently provoked by the inhabitants previously baring their buttocks at him, ordered the city put to the sword "whatever the age or sex" and according to the "Scotichronicon" 7,500 were executed.

paragraph: Percy, under Warenne's command, was sent north to Dunbar where the castle was held by the Earls of Mar, Menteith and Ross, together with many lesser nobles. After they had beaten a Scottish force outside the castle the king joined them, and the castle soon surrendered. The rest of Scotland was occupied in the space of a few weeks and English administrators installed. King John Balliol was forced to abdicate and Warenne appointed to govern Scotland as a province. Having proved his ability Henry Percy was given the task of governing Ayr, Galloway and Cumberland, based at Carlisle Castle. With King Edward now turning his attention to affairs in France there was only a year or so of peace before the situation in Scotland began to unravel. In the summer of 1297 William Wallace murdered the English sheriff of Lanark and was joined by Robert Bruce, Bishop Lockhart, James Stewart and Sir William Douglas in the Scottish lowlands while Andrew Murray started a Highland uprising.

paragraph: Working closely with Robert Clifford from Westmorland, Percy confronted the other rebels at Irvine while Wallace was in central Scotland, and negotiated their submission, subduing southern Scotland for a while. Warenne then began an expedition to hunt down Wallace and Murray, finding them waiting north of the River Forth near Stirling Castle. The ensuing Battle of Stirling Bridge was a disaster for the English army. Percy and his fellow commanders could only watch helplessly from the castle as their infantry, caught on the far side of the one narrow bridge were slaughtered. Murray was however killed in the battle. The English were temporarily expelled from Scotland and on the defensive, with the Scots raiding northern England. In the following spring of 1298 King Edward returned from France and assembled a large army, including many Welsh longbow archers, to begin a new and determined assault on Scotland. They caught up with Wallace at Falkirk on 22 July where Henry Percy was part of the fourth reserve division of experienced and highly mobile cavalry.

paragraph: Section::::Baron and Scottish landowner.

paragraph: Early in 1299 the King granted the estates of Ingram Balliol, who had been involved in the Scottish rebellions, to Henry Percy, including land in England and south west Scotland. This not only gave him greater income and status, but also a vested interest in the continuing conquest of Scotland. The king also summoned Percy to attend parliament as a peer of the realm, making him a baron by writ. His family had previously had the courtesy title of baron because of their land holdings. Percy had proved himself an able soldier and administrator and found royal favour. The rest of the year was spent skirmishing with Scottish guerilla groups, and the following summer campaigning with the king although little was achieved other than the capture of Caerlaverock Castle after a long siege, at which he was present with his elderly grandfather Earl Warenne. The Caerlaverock Poem or Roll of Arms made at the siege by the heralds records the armorials of Warenne and Percy in a single verse, translated from Norman French into modern English thus:

paragraph: "John the good Earl of Warenne

paragraph: Of the other squadron held the reins

paragraph: To regulate and govern,

paragraph: As he who well knew how to lead,

paragraph: Noble and honourable men.

paragraph: His banner with gold and azure

paragraph: Was nobly chequered.

paragraph: And he had in his company

paragraph: Henry de Percy, his nephew "(son nevou)" (sic)

paragraph: Who seemed to have made a vow

paragraph: To rout the Scots.

paragraph: A blue lion rampant on yellow

paragraph: Was his banner very conspicuous"

paragraph: Correspondence in late 1301 shows Percy at his estate at Leconfield in Yorkshire, where his wife probably lived, at a safe distance from Scottish raiding parties. In February 1303 Percy was sent north in a cavalry force led by Johannes de Seagrave which was defeated at Roslin. He then joined King Edward's summer offensive, reaching Dunfermline in early November. Robert Bruce had already changed sides to support Edward and in February 1304 most of the Scots negotiated a settlement with the English king. Henry Percy is known to have played a prominent role in the negotiations. Only Stirling Castle now remained to be subdued, and was battered by catapults during the spring of 1304, while King Edward's militant queen, Marguerite of France, watched from a specially built wooden shelter.

paragraph: The siege culminated in the commissioning of Warwolf, a giant trebuchet which flattened the curtain walls. The defenders had tried to surrender four days earlier, but had been made to wait by the king while he tried out his new toy. In September 1305 the first joint English and Scottish parliament met at Westminster to agree a constitution for the unified state, with Percy playing a leading role in the negotiations, but Robert Bruce, a leading representative of the Scots, was already conspiring to rebel. On 25 March 1306 Robert Bruce was crowned King of Scotland at Scone Abbey, upon which Edward confiscated his lands and gave them to Henry Percy. The King now appointed Percy to command northwest England and southwest Scotland, with orders to suppress the rebellion without mercy. Bruce's army was soon defeated in battle, but Bruce escaped to wage a guerilla campaign against the English from the wild countryside of Galloway. For several years afterwards the English Barons held the castles of southern and central Scotland, but were ambushed and harried in the countryside.

paragraph: Section::::A new monarch.

paragraph: Edward I, on his way to launch a new campaign against the Scots, died on 7 July 1307 before crossing the border. The dying Edward I, asked his assembled barons to give the succession to his only surviving son Edward. He also asked them to maintain the banishment Piers Gaveston from England. Henry Percy was not present, being left in charge of southern Scotland. The death of Edward I, with the conquest of Scotland incomplete, was a personal disaster for Percy. After years of hard fighting he now had extensive land holdings in southern Scotland, but this was of less interest to Edward II who promptly recalled Gaveston and made him Earl of Cornwall, an office of great wealth. Gaveston, a formidable tournament fighter in the melee, openly despised and insulted the old king's stalwart warriors.

paragraph: Edward II left Scotland in August 1307 after replacing his father's loyal and experienced commanders, Clifford, Valence and Percy who were sent home, only to be recalled to Scotland in October. By then, however, Robert Bruce had escaped from Galloway to the Highlands, and had raised new forces and taken eastern Scotland by the end of the year. In August 1308 Bruce captured Argyll, previously loyal to King Edward and then raided Northumberland. Percy and Clifford were again summoned to defend Galloway, at their own expense, against an onslaught by Robert Bruce's surviving brother Edward. They were able to hold the castles, but not the countryside. Percy had travelled south to Westminster in February that year for the king's coronation, where he would have seen Gaveston's arrogance.

paragraph: The ceremony was delayed for a week while the French delegation, alarmed that the king preferred Gaveston's company to that of Isabella, his 12-year-old French bride, threatened to boycott the coronation. In the event Gaveston was given precedence over the other Earls. At the following feast Gaveston dressed in an outfit of royal purple and pearls, and called the king over to sit with him, instead of with Queen Isabella. The French delegation walked out and one earl drew his sword and had to be restrained from attacking Gaveston. During the spring of 1308 the barons in parliament pressed the king to exile Gaveston, developing the Doctrine of Capacities, distinguishing between loyalty to the king and loyalty to the crown. On 16 June 1308, Gaveston was appointed Lieutenant of Ireland, to get him out of the country, with Henry de Percy as a witness.

paragraph: Section::::Founding a dynasty in Northumberland.

paragraph: In 1309, Henry was able to buy Alnwick Castle from Anthony Bek, the Prince Bishop of Durham, giving him a base near to the action in Scotland and a substantial annual income of about £475 from the associated lands. To make the purchase price of £4666 he borrowed £2666 from Italian merchant bankers, the Lombard Society. When William Vesci had died in 1297 without a legitimate heir, Bek had been entrusted with the estates of the Vesci family on behalf of his son, the illegitimate William Vesci of Kildare. Vesci of Kildare did receive the other family lands in Yorkshire and Lincolnshire and it is unclear whether he was defrauded by the greedy bishop over the sale of Alnwick. In the same year of 1297 Henry obtained a royal licence to fortify his mansion at Petworth and two mansions in Yorkshire.

paragraph: Section::::The return of Gaveston.

paragraph: By the summer of 1309 Edward II had managed to cajole most of his earls into allowing Piers Gaveston to return to England, although the most powerful earl, Lancaster, was implacably opposed. On 27 June 1309 Gaveston, restored to the Earldom of Cornwall, returned to England and soon proved as obnoxious as before, calling Lancaster "Churl" and Warwick "Black Cur". Henry Percy would have been preoccupied with the purchase of Alnwick at that time and generally tried to stay out of the trouble with Gaveston.

paragraph: At the parliament of February and March 1310 the King was forced to accept the election of twenty one "Lords Ordainers" to govern the country. In June the king began a campaign in Scotland in which Percy fought, although many barons senior to Percy declined to take part. Robert Bruce continued to fight a guerilla war, refusing to give battle, so little was achieved, while relations between the king and his earls further deteriorated. In May 1311 Gaveston ordered Percy to hold Perth for the summer with two hundred knights and no infantry, a dangerous task at a time when the king's army was withdrawing to England. Surviving this Percy was back in London in October.

paragraph: The barons now forced the king to send Gaveston into exile in Flanders, but he was soon recalled and was in York with his heavily pregnant wife in January 1312, with his lands restored. Percy was ordered out of Scarborough Castle and Gaveston took it over. Violence was now inevitable. In April the king and Gaveston were chased out of Newcastle by the sudden arrival of an army under Lancaster, Percy and Clifford, fleeing to Scarborough. In their haste they left behind Gaveston's wife and baby daughter and a great hoard of treasure, which it took Lancaster, Percy and Clifford four days to catalogue. Lancaster held onto this for future bargaining with the king. Gaveston was soon besieged at Scarborough Castle by Percy, Clifford, and the earls of Warenne and Pembroke, surrendering after a month. Percy remained in York when Gaveston was taken south to Warwick and then executed.

paragraph: Section::::Imprisonment.

paragraph: The king, seeking revenge for the death of his friend, stopped short of civil war with the rebel earls but made an example of the less powerful Baron Percy by confiscating his lands on 28 July 1312, and having him imprisoned by the Sheriff of Yorkshire. The earls made Percy's release a priority in their difficult negotiations with the king and he was freed in January 1313. and was formally pardoned in October. Gaveston's treasure was returned to the king soon after.

paragraph: Section::::The final year.

paragraph: King Edward now prepared for a campaign in Scotland in 1314, culminating in his total defeat at the Battle of Bannockburn. Percy, along with five of the earls and many other nobles refused summonses to this campaign because it had not been sanctioned by parliament, as required by the Ordinances. There are no contemporary records of Percy being at Bannockburn and it seems that he remained at Alnwick, defending his land against Scottish raiders. His friend and comrade Robert Clifford did go, and was killed in the battle. Within days of the battle Percy was summoned to Newcastle to prepare an emergency defence of northern England against an invasion. Instead of an all-out invasion, Robert Bruce sent raiding parties to extort money from the northern counties. Only a few months later in the first half of October 1314 Henry Percy died, aged 41, of unknown causes.

description: Medieval English Baron and Warlord

wikidata_label: Henry de Percy, 1st Baron Percy

wikipedia_title: Henry Percy, 1st Baron Percy

wikipedia_title: Henry de Percy, 1st Baron Percy


text:
hypocoristic
Maniot
pirate
Bey
Mani
Mani
Ottomans
Grand Vizier
Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Pasha
Bey
Peloponnese
Arta
Doge
Brescia
Oitylo
Mani
galley
rower
Venetian
navy
pirate
piracy
Ottomans
Bagnio
Constantinople
Grand Vizier
Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Pasha
Crete
Venetians
Cretan War (1645-1669)
Bey
Kelefa
Porto Kagio
Turks
Corsica
Genoa
Francesco Morosini
Peloponnese
Austrians
Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha
Greece
Sultan
Thebes
Arta
Karpenisi
Brescia

categories: People from Laconia,1640s births,1710 deaths,People of the Ottoman–Venetian Wars,People of the Great Turkish War,Ottoman Greece,Prisoners and detainees of the Ottoman Empire,17th-century Greek people,Greek pirates,Greek prisoners and detainees,Maniots

paragraph: Limberakis Gerakaris

paragraph: Liverios Gerakaris, more commonly known by the hypocoristic Limberakis, (; c. 1644 – 1710) was a Maniot pirate who later became Bey of Mani.

paragraph: Limberakis Gerakaris was born in Mani in around 1644. He served as a rower in a Venetian galley before becoming a pirate. After several years, he was captured by the Ottomans and imprisoned. After a failed attempt to capture Mani, the Ottoman Grand Vizier, Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Pasha, offered Gerakaris his freedom and to make him Bey of Mani in return for allowing the Turks to garrison some castles in Mani.

paragraph: In his brief reign, he forced several families to flee from the Mani. He soon returned to piracy and was imprisoned again by the Ottomans. However, when the Venetians invaded the Peloponnese in 1685, the Ottomans released Gerakaris and made him ruler of Mani, and in return he promised to fight for the Turks. When the Turks unsuccessfully attempted to poison him, he defected to the Venetians, who acknowledged him as Bey of Mani. In 1696, he sacked Arta because the citizens of the city had burned his property nearby. The Artans complained to the Venetian Doge, who had him imprisoned in Brescia, where he died in 1710.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Limberakis Gerakaris was born in Oitylo, Mani in ca. 1644. By the age of 15, he was serving as a galley rower in the Venetian navy. He is next heard of five years later, as a feared pirate. After three years of piracy, he was captured by the Ottomans and imprisoned in the Bagnio of Constantinople. Meanwhile, the Ottoman Grand Vizier, Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Pasha, who had successfully conquered Crete from the Venetians during the Cretan War (1645-1669), sent the pirate Hasan Baba to subdue Mani because they had assisted the Venetians in the war. However, Baba's attack failed and Köprülü was forced to turn to Gerakaris for assistance. Köprülü offered him freedom and promised to make him Bey of Mani in return for allowing Turkish garrisons to take some Maniot castles as well as paying tribute to the Ottomans. Gerakaris accepted and was freed.

paragraph: Section::::Rule and capture.

paragraph: When Limberakis returned to Mani, he ruled like a tyrant with the backing of the Turkish garrisons in Kelefa and Porto Kagio, although the Turks were boxed into the castles by the surrounding Maniots. He made life so difficult for his enemies, the Stefanopouli family and some other families, that they were forced into self-exile, with 700 people moving to Corsica, where they were granted asylum by Genoa. However, Limberakis soon fell out with the Turks and turned to piracy, raiding not only Ottoman but European ships. The Ottomans responded by capturing him during a raid in 1682 and taking him back to Constantinople, where he was imprisoned in the Bagnio.

paragraph: Section::::Return and downfall.

paragraph: In 1684, the Venetians led by Francesco Morosini invaded the Peloponnese with Maniot assistance. The Ottomans, pressed by the Austrians, were unable to hold the Peloponnese, so the new Grand Vizier Merzifonlu Kara Mustafa Pasha suggested that Gerakaris be released from the Bagnio. Gerakaris accepted on the condition that he was given the title "His Highness, the Ruler of Mani" and that an amnesty was given to all the people of Greece. This was important because it was the first time the Sultan had recognised the autonomy of Mani. Limberakis joined the Ottoman army at Thebes and over the next few years launched several invasions of the Peloponnese. Limberakis, however, defected to the Venetians in 1696 after the Turks tried to unsuccessfully poison him. The Venetians pronounced him a knight of Saint Mark and continued to call him "Bey of Mani". However, his disloyalty caused him to lose credibility with both the Turks and the Venetians. Later that year, Limberakis led a brutal sacking of Arta in retaliation for the Artans burning his property in Karpenisi. However, some Artans escaped and complained to the Doge, who had Gerakaris arrested and imprisoned at Brescia until his death in 1710.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Greenhalgh, Peter and Eliopoulos, Edward. "Deep into Mani: Journey to the Southern Tip of Greece." London: Trinity Press, 1985.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kassis, Kyriakos. "Mani's History". Athens: Presoft, 1979.

description: Greek pirate

wikidata_label: Limberakis Gerakaris

wikipedia_title: Limberakis Gerakaris


text: Brazil

text: Cardinal

text: Roman Catholic Church

text: Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia

text: cardinalate

text: Viçosa

text: seminaries

text: Maceió

text: Olinda

text: ordained

text: priesthood

text: professor

text: spiritual advisor

text: Aracajú

text: secretary

text: Diocese

text: chaplain

text: Catholic Action

text: Bishop

text: Petrolina

text: Pope Pius XII

text: episcopal consecration

text: José Gomes da Silva

text: Adalberto Accioli Sobral

text: Mário de Miranda Villas-Boas

text: co-consecrators

text: Teresina

text: Second Vatican Council

text: President

text: Latin American Episcopal Conference

text: Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia

text: Pope Paul VI

text: Cardinal Priest

text: Santi Bonifacio e Alessio

text: consistory

text: cardinal electors

text: conclaves

text: August

text: October 1978

text: Popes John Paul I

text: John Paul II

text: progressives

text: conservatives

text: Brazilian Church

text: Primate

text: Brazil

text: stomach cancer

text: São Salvador

text: Senator

text: Teotonio Vilela

text: Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

text: Catholic-Hierarchy

categories: 1912 births,Brazilian Roman Catholic archbishops,Brazilian cardinals,Deaths from stomach cancer,20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops,Participants in the Second Vatican Council,1986 deaths

paragraph: Avelar Brandão Vilela

paragraph: Avelar Brandão Vilela (June 13, 1912—December 19, 1986) was a Brazilian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia from 1971 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1973.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Avelar Brandão Vilela was born in Viçosa, and studied at the seminaries in Maceió and in Olinda. He was ordained to the priesthood on October 27, 1935. He then served as a professor and spiritual advisor of the seminary of Aracajú, secretary of the Diocese of Aracajú, and diocesan chaplain of the Catholic Action.

paragraph: On June 13, 1946, his thirty-fourth birthday, Vilela was appointed Bishop of Petrolina by Pope Pius XII. He received his episcopal consecration on the following October 27 from Bishop José Gomes da Silva, with Bishop Adalberto Accioli Sobral and Archbishop Mário de Miranda Villas-Boas serving as co-consecrators. Vilela was later promoted to Archbishop of Teresina on November 5, 1955, and attended the Second Vatican Council from 1962 to 1965. Serving as President of the Latin American Episcopal Conference from 1966 to 1972, he was named Archbishop of São Salvador da Bahia on March 25, 1971.

paragraph: Pope Paul VI created him Cardinal Priest of Santi Bonifacio e Alessio in the consistory of March 5, 1973. Vilela was one of the cardinal electors who participated in the conclaves of August and October 1978, which selected Popes John Paul I and John Paul II respectively. He earned the nickname of the "Great Conciliator" for his ability to reach both progressives and conservatives in the Brazilian Church, and was given the title of Primate of Brazil when his archdiocese was raised to that rank on October 25, 1980.

paragraph: The Cardinal died from stomach cancer in São Salvador, at age 74. He is buried at the metropolitan cathedral of São Salvador da Bahia.

paragraph: Section::::Trivia.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Cardinal was the brother of Senator Teotonio Vilela (d. 1983)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic-Hierarchy

description: Catholic cardinal

wikidata_label: Avelar Brandão Vilela

wikipedia_title: Avelar Brandão Vilela


text: tlatoani

text: Tenochtitlan

text: Tenoch

text: calpultin

text: Culhuacan

text: Tizaapan

text: Opochtli Iztahuatzin

text: Atotoztli I

text: Coxcoxtli

text: Huehue Acamapichtli

text: Acolhua

text: Coatlinchan

text: Toltecs

text: Diego Durán

text: Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxochitl

text: Fernando Alvarado Tezozómoc

text: Texcoco

text: Ilancueitl

text: Culhuacán

text: calpulli

text: Tlatelolco

text: Cuacuapitzahuac

text: Tezozómoc

text: Tepanec

text: Azcapotzalco

text: Chalco

text: Cuernavaca

text: Xochimilco

text: Lake Texcoco

text: chinampa

text: Xochimilco

text: Great Pyramid

text: calpulli

text: teocalli

text: Huitzilopochtli

text: Texcoco

text: Tlacopan

text: Aztec Triple Alliance

text: Tezcatlan Miyahuatzin

text: Huitzilíhuitl

text: Itzcóatl

text: Ilancueitl

text: Tezcatlan Miyahuatzin

text: Huitzilxotzin

text: Xiuhcuetzin

text: List of Tenochtitlan rulers

text: Crónica mexicana

text: Crónica mexicayotl

categories: Tenochca tlatoque,14th-century monarchs in North America,Aztec nobility,14th-century rulers,Year of birth missing,14th-century indigenous people of the Americas,1395 deaths

paragraph: Acamapichtli

paragraph: Acamapichtli (, (c. 1355-1395) meaning "Handful of reeds") was the first "tlatoani" of the Mexica of Tenochtitlan, and founder of the Aztec imperial dynasty. He became ruler in 1375 and reigned for 19 years.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Family and early life.

paragraph: Acamapichtli was not a native of Tenochtitlan. Blood relationships between rulers were an important aspect of politics in 14th century Mexico, and as relative newcomers, the Mexicans were at a disadvantage. On the death of Tenoch in 1375, the elders of the Mexica "calpultin" decided to elect a "tlatoani" who could secure the fledgling city's position through ties to powerful groups in the region. They sent a delegation to the leaders of Culhuacan. Although the Culhua had only recently ejected the Mexica from Tizaapan, some intermarriage had taken place between the two peoples during their period of association. Acamapichtli was the product of one such union. His father, Opochtli Iztahuatzin, was a Mexica leader, while his mother Atotoztli I was the daughter of the King Coxcoxtli and sister of King Huehue Acamapichtli. He also had ties to the Acolhua of Coatlinchan. In addition to these concrete ties, the Culhua nobility claimed direct descent from the Toltecs, making their bloodline particularly prestigious.

paragraph: The Spanish colonial historians Diego Durán, Fernando de Alva Cortés Ixtlilxochitl, and Fernando Alvarado Tezozómoc each mention Acamapichtli's maternal uncle, who occupied the throne of Culhuacan in 1324.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Reign.

paragraph: Acamapichtli began his rule as "cihuacóatl" (governor). At the time of his designation he was 20 years old, living in Texcoco with his mother. After his acceptance of the throne, he was brought to Tenochtitlan and made his entry into the city with great pomp. He married Ilancueitl, daughter of the then ruler of Culhuacán, Acolmiztli.

paragraph: To integrate these ties with the city of Tenochtitlan, Acamapichtli took a wife from each Tenochtitlan "calpulli" (in addition to his first wife Ilancuetl).

paragraph: In the same year, Tenochtitlan's sister city of Tlatelolco also installed an outsider as "tlatoani" — Cuacuapitzahuac, son of Tezozómoc, "tlatoani" of the Tepanec city of Azcapotzalco, the other major power in the region.

paragraph: Despite Acamapichtli's Culhua ancestry, his city rapidly fell into the Tepanec orbit and became a tributary of Azcapotzalco. During his reign Mexica forces fought for Azcapotzalco against various city states, notably Chalco, and were eventually allowed to wage war on their own. Expeditions were sent against Cuauhnahuac (modern Cuernavaca) and Xochimilco.

paragraph: Tribute was due to the Tecpanec rulers every full moon, a tribute said to be oppressive and capricious. In spite of the hostility of Azcapotzalco, Tenochtitlan progressed. The island on which the city was situated (and the only territory subject to its rule) was enlarged to the east with the addition of dirt and rock. The Mexica were careful, however, to maintain a proper distance from the mainland, for defensive purposes in the event of war.

paragraph: Built in the middle of Lake Texcoco, Tenochtitlan suffered from limited farmland. Acamapichtli built up the city's agricultural base by expanding the "chinampa" system ("floating" gardens) around the island, and by capturing lakeshore chinampas from other cities, particularly Xochimilco. He also made improvements to the city's architecture — the earliest excavated level of the Great Pyramid, Temple II, dates to his reign.

paragraph: During his reign, the city was divided into four neighborhoods or "calpullis": Moyotlán in the southwest; Zoquipan in the southeast; Cuecopan in the northwest; and Atzacualco in the northeast. Houses of cane and reeds were replaced with houses of stone. A great temple, or "teocalli", was also constructed. It is said that during his reign, the first Aztec laws were made.

paragraph: In 1382, Acamapichtli was named "tlatoani". He was crowned with even more pomp than before, at the altar of Huitzilopochtli. He ascended the steps accompanied by the highest-ranking warriors. He was anointed with oil and water by the chief priest, who placed on his head the crown or "xiuhuitzolli". This same ceremony was repeated in all the subsequent Aztec coronations, with the difference that, from 1427, the new "tlatoani" was accompanied by the rulers of Texcoco and Tlacopan, the other two towns of the Aztec Triple Alliance.

paragraph: Acamapichtli was an astute politician who strengthened his position more by alliances with his neighbors than by wars (of which there were only two or three during his reign). He avoided difficulties with the more powerful rulers, in the case of Tezozómoc, by paying the demanded tribute. Tezozómoc asked for a chinampa cultivated with beautiful flowers, and the Aztecs formed one, raised the flowers, and floated the chinampa to him over the lake.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Heirs and succession.

paragraph: Acamapichtli's first wife bore him no children, so he took another wife, Tezcatlan Miyahuatzin. She was the mother of Huitzilíhuitl, who succeeded to the throne after the death of his father. Another son of Acamapichtli, Itzcóatl, also became "tlatoani" in 1427. He was the son of a beautiful slave Acamapichtli had bought in the market of Azcapotzalco. She was of noble birth, but had been captured and enslaved. Although "tlatoani" was not strictly a hereditary title, candidates were clearly restricted to a small class of princes, and all later Aztec rulers descended from Acamapichtli.

paragraph: Before his death, Acamapichtili called together the chiefs of the four neighborhoods into which he had divided the city, and asked them to elect his successor. Before the death of Acamapichtili, they chose his eldest son Huitzilíhuitl. Acamapichtili approved the election, and then died. After the death of his father, Huitzilíhuitl consolidated his power by ordering a new election, with more electors, including important warriors and priests.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Among his wives were Ilancueitl, Tezcatlan Miyahuatzin, Huitzilxotzin, and Xiuhcuetzin.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Tenochtitlan rulers

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Acamapichtili", "Enciclopedia de México", v. 1. Mexico City: 1987.

paragraph: BULLET::::- García Puron, Manuel, "México y sus gobernantes,", v. 1. Mexico City: Joaquín Porrua, 1984.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Orozco Linares, Fernando, "Gobernantes de México". Mexico City: Panorama Editorial, 1985, .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tezozómoc, Fernando Alvarado, "Crónica mexicana". 1891.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tezozómoc, Fernando Alvarado, "Crónica mexicayotl". 1949.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Acamapichtli Entry in The Visual History Project

description: Ruler of the Aztecs

wikidata_label: Acamapichtli

wikipedia_title: Acamapichtli


text:
English
William
Vestey Brothers
Rainford
Lancashire
Liverpool Institute
corned beef
cannery
Chicago
Argentina
cold storage
China
tramp steamer
Blue Star Line
cattle
ranch
United Kingdom
Baronet
1921 Birthday Honours
First World War
Conservative
Member of Parliament
Sir William Lane-Mitchell
Tom Hiddleston
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography

categories: British businesspeople in shipping,People educated at Liverpool Institute High School for Boys,People from Rainford,Vestey family,1953 deaths,Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom,1866 births,English businesspeople

paragraph: Sir Edmund Vestey, 1st Baronet

paragraph: Sir Edmund Hoyle Vestey, 1st Baronet (3 February 1866 – 18 November 1953) was an English food producer and importer and shipowner, and co-founder with his brother William of Vestey Brothers.

paragraph: Vestey was born in Rainford, Lancashire, the fifth child of provision merchant Samuel Vestey. He was educated at the Liverpool Institute and then joined his father's firm in 1883. He was soon given the management of his father's corned beef cannery in Chicago. In 1890 he joined William in his new business of importing refrigerated meat from Argentina. The Union Cold Storage Company was to become one of the world's largest cold storage operations. They began to diversify into other food products and in 1906 also began importing from China. In 1909, they purchased two tramp steamers ("Pakeha", renamed "Broderick", and "Rangatira", renamed "Brodmore") for the China trade and converted them into refrigerated ships. This was the beginning of the Blue Star Line, which was registered in 1911. They set up their own cattle ranches in Argentina. By 1925 the Blue Star Line was the largest refrigerated fleet in the world. In the United Kingdom the Vestey brothers owned 2,365 butcher's shops. Edmund succeeded William as chairman in 1940 and held the post until his death in 1953.

paragraph: He was created a Baronet in the 1921 Birthday Honours for his services in supplying food to British troops during the First World War.

paragraph: Vestey married Sarah Barker on 15 August 1887; they had 7 children. After their divorce, Sarah married Conservative Member of Parliament Sir William Lane-Mitchell. Vestey married Ellen Soward on 10 March 1926, and they remained together until his death. They had no children.

paragraph: Vestey is the great-great-grandfather of actor Tom Hiddleston.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography, "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography"

description: English businessman

wikidata_label: Sir Edmund Vestey, 1st Baronet

wikipedia_title: Sir Edmund Vestey, 1st Baronet


text:
stuccator
Rome
Church of Santi Luca e Martina
Roman Forum
San Marcello al Corso
Pietro Bracci
Sovereign Military Order of Malta
Piranesi
Galleria Borghese
Vilnius
neoclassical
Vilnius Cathedral
Giuseppe Ceracchi
George Washington

categories: Italian male sculptors,18th-century Italian sculptors,1727 births

paragraph: Tommaso Righi

paragraph: Tommaso Righi (1727–1802) was an Italian sculptor and stuccator with a practice in Rome. His marble and stucco funeral monument to Carlo Pio Balestra (died 1776), patron of the Church of Santi Luca e Martina, in the Roman Forum, is probably his most prominent commission. His monument of cardinal Camillo Paolucci (died 1763) stands in a chapel of San Marcello al Corso, where its design was constrained by its having to form a pendant to the baroque monument facing it, of Fabrizio Paolucci, by Pietro Bracci (1726). A great work, less often seen, is his altarpiece in the Church of S. Maria del Priorato, the chapel of the Villa of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta: Piranesi provided the design, and Righi executed the great globe surrounded by putti in clouds, and Saint Basil in Glory supported by two angels. His bas-relief panel appears among a host by others, in the central "Sala degli Imperatori" of the Galleria Borghese, part of the rearrangement of the interiors of the Villa Borghese undertaken in 1782 by prince Marcantonio Borghese.

paragraph: In Vilnius the main facade of the rigorously neoclassical Vilnius Cathedral is adorned with sculptures of the Four Evangelists by Righi.

paragraph: One of his pupils was Giuseppe Ceracchi, sculptor of a portrait of George Washington and passionate republican.

description: Italian artist

wikidata_label: Tommaso Righi

wikipedia_title: Tommaso Righi


text: French

text: cartographer

text: Renaissance

text: Dieppe School of Cartography

text: hydrography

text: Arques-la-Bataille

text: Honfleur

text: Pont-l’Évêque

text: France

text: Francis, Duke of Guise

text: Jean Ango

text: Dieppois

text: Giovanni da Verrazzano

text: Jean and Raoul Parmentier

text: portolan

text: Nicolas Desliens

text: Francis I

text: England

text: John Rylands Library

text: French MS. 1*

text: Henry II

text: London

text: British Library

text: Cristoforo Negri

text: Dresden

text: Paris

text: Dieppe maps

text: Canada

text: America

text: Columbus

text: Jave la Grande

text: Australia

text: Dieppe maps

text: Portuguese

text: Australia

text: Dutch

text: Marco Polo

text: Ludovico di Varthema

text: Simon Grynaeus

text: Oronce Fine

text: Regio Patalis

categories: 16th-century cartographers,1550s deaths,1500s births,European exploration of Australia,French cartographers

paragraph: Pierre Desceliers

paragraph: Pierre Desceliers ( 1537–1553) was a French cartographer of the Renaissance and an eminent member of the Dieppe School of Cartography. He is considered the father of French hydrography.

paragraph: Little is known of his life. He was probably born at Arques-la-Bataille. The earliest known documentary source for his life places him there as a priest in 1537. Desceliers' father was an archer at the Chateau d’Arques and his family possibly originated from the d’Auge area, where the family name survives between Honfleur and Pont-l’Évêque.

paragraph: Desceliers was also an examiner of Maritime Pilots and was authorised to award patents on behalf of the French king, as evidenced by the seal found bearing his initials. He probably also taught hydrography. He made a hydrographic chart of the coast of France for Francis, Duke of Guise. Nothing is known of his life after the creation of the 1553 map; the "Dictionnaire de biographie française" suggests that he died after 1574, but none of its sources support this statement.

paragraph: Section::::Cartographic work.

paragraph: He was close to Jean Ango and Dieppois, explorers Giovanni da Verrazzano and the brothers Jean and Raoul Parmentier. Although it seems unlikely that he took part in any voyages, he was able collect information including portolans, and he incorporated this information into his own maps. A school of cartography formed around him in Dieppe and included Nicolas Desliens among its members.

paragraph: Desceliers made several large world maps in the style of nautical charts:

paragraph: BULLET::::- The 1543 world map mentioned in 1872 in the inventory of the collection of Cardinal Louis d'Este under the title "The descriptione carta del Mondo in pecorina scritta a mano, miniata tutta per P. Descheliers". The fate of this map is unknown.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The 1546 world map (2560 × 1260 mm), made to order for Francis I. It later belonged to a certain Jomard, then to the Earl of Crawford and is now stored in England at the John Rylands Library, Manchester (French MS. 1*)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The 1550 world map (2150 × 1350 mm), made for Henry II, showing his arms as well as those of Anne de Montmorency (Marshal of France) and Admiral Claude d'Annebaut. This chart is preserved in London, at the British Library (Additional MS 24065), which purchased it from Cristoforo Negri.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The 1553 world map. This was lost in a fire in Dresden in 1915. A copy is on display in Dieppe Castle. It was displayed at the Exposition internationale de géographie of 1875 in Paris: this has been reported to be another map from 1558, but the catalogue confirms that it was the 1553 map.

paragraph: The Dieppe maps show a precise knowledge of coastlines, and also included representations of imaginary places, fantastic people and bizarre animals. The representation of eastern Canada was well detailed, along with most of the America north and south, just fifty years after the voyage of Columbus. In the southern hemisphere section, a landmass entitled Jave la Grande was shown in the approximate position of Australia. This has led to speculation that the Dieppe maps are evidence of European (possibly Portuguese) exploration of Australia in the 16th century; one hundred years before its well documented exploration by the Dutch.

paragraph: The image of Java Major on Desceliers' 1550 map was based on the accounts of Marco Polo and Ludovico di Varthema in the "Novus Orbis Regionum ac Insularum Veteribus Incognitarum" of Simon Grynaeus and Johann Huttich, published in Paris by Antoine Augurelle in 1532. This is made clear by the inscription on the map describing Java. Desceliers' representation of the Southern Continent, titled "" (“Terra Australis, recently discovered but not yet fully known”), is derived from Oronce Fine’s 1531 world map, which was also published in 1532 in the "Novus Orbis": it bears the same title as given it by Fine in Latin: "Terra Australis recenter inventa sed nondum plene cognita" (“Terra Australis, recently discovered but not yet fully known”). Desceliers seems to have identified the promontory of Regio Patalis on Fine's "Terra Australis" with Marco Polo and Ludovico di Varthema's Java Major; hence, his "Jave la Grande" is an amalgamation of the known north coast of Java with Fine's Regio Patalis.

paragraph: Despite their great value, both artistic and cartographic, the charts quickly fell into disuse after the end of the 16th century, when the market came to be dominated by Flemish and Dutch mapmakers.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pierre Desceliers, World map of 1550: London, British Library, Add. MS 24065

description: French cartographer

wikidata_label: Pierre Desceliers

wikipedia_title: Pierre Desceliers


text:
Henry V of Luxembourg
Marguerite of Bar
John II, Count of Holland
Philippa of Hainault
England
Margaret II
Countess of Hainault
in her own right
Louis IV
Cambrai
William I, Count of Hainaut
Queen Philippa
Margaret II
John (Jean)
Marguerite, Countess of Soissons
Robert II of Artois
Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk
Raoul de Clermont
Mary of Avesnes
Louis I, Duke of Bourbon
Nivelles
Philippa de Luxembourg

categories: Countesses of Hainaut,1311 deaths,Avesnes family,House of Limburg,1252 births,Women of medieval Luxembourg,Countesses of Holland

paragraph: Philippa of Luxembourg

paragraph: Philippa of Luxembourg (1252 – 6 April 1311) was the daughter of Count Henry V of Luxembourg and his wife, Marguerite of Bar. She married John II, Count of Holland. Two of her granddaughters were Philippa of Hainault, Queen consort of England, and Margaret II, Countess of Hainault in her own right and wife of Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV.

paragraph: The children of John II of Holland and Philippa of Luxembourg included:

paragraph: BULLET::::- John (died 1302)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry (died 1303), a canon in Cambrai

paragraph: BULLET::::- Simon

paragraph: BULLET::::- William I, Count of Hainaut, father of Queen Philippa and Margaret II

paragraph: BULLET::::- John (Jean) (1288–1356), Seigneur de Beaumont. Married Marguerite, Countess of Soissons.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Margaret (died 1342), wife of Robert II of Artois

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alix (died 1317), wife of Roger Bigod, 5th Earl of Norfolk

paragraph: BULLET::::- Isabelle (died 1305), wife of Raoul de Clermont, Seigneur de Nesle.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jeanne, nun at Fontenelles

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mary of Avesnes (1280–1354), wife of Louis I, Duke of Bourbon

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matilda, Abbess of Nivelles

paragraph: BULLET::::- Willem de Cuser (born 1290, date of death unknown)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Philippa de Luxembourg

description: Countess consort of Holland, Zeeland, and Hainaut

wikidata_label: Philippa of Luxembourg

wikipedia_title: Philippa of Luxembourg


text: Paris

text: Créteil

text: French

text: poet

text: editor

text: Second World War

text: French Resistance

text: accursed poets

text: François Lachenal

text: Paul Eluard

text: Jean Lescure

text: Les Editions de Minuit

text: Légion d'honneur

text: Montparnasse Cemetery

text: Musée du Montparnasse

text: Publishing house homepage

text: Biography of Seghers, in French

text: "Video :" Pierre Seghers

text: Télévision suisse romande

categories: French editors,French male poets,20th-century French male writers,French-language poets,1987 deaths,Commandeurs of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres,Writers from Paris,French male non-fiction writers,20th-century French poets,Commandeurs of the Légion d'honneur,Burials at Montparnasse Cemetery,1906 births,Prix Guillaume Apollinaire winners

paragraph: Pierre Seghers

paragraph: Pierre Seghers (5 January 1906, in Paris – 4 November 1987, in Créteil) was a French poet and editor. During the Second World War he took part in the French Resistance movement.

paragraph: He founded, among other things, the famous line of books "Poètes d’aujourd’hui" ("Contemporary poets") in 1944, which published 270 books of poets both famous and unknown (such as an anthology of modern accursed poets in 1972, "").

paragraph: Together François Lachenal, Paul Eluard and Jean Lescure, he gathers in 1943 .the texts of many poets of the French Resistance, which he published in Les Editions de Minuit under the title: "L’honneur des poètes".

paragraph: Among the prizes and orders he received, he was made a commander of the Légion d'honneur and in 1976 Laureate Of The International Botev Prize.

paragraph: He was doctor "honoris causa" of Saint Andrews University, Scotland.

paragraph: He is buried at the Montparnasse Cemetery.

paragraph: An exhibition on his life and work took place in the Musée du Montparnasse in Paris in 2011. A detailed catalogue was then published.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: Poetry

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bonne-Espérance", Éditions de la Tour, 1939

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pour les quatre saisons", Poésie 42

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le chien de pique", Ides et Calendes, 1943

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le domaine public" Poésie 45 et Pariseau Montréal

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jeune fille", Éditions Seghers, 1947

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Menaces de mort", La presse à bras, 1948

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Six poèmes pour Véronique", Poésie 50

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Poèmes choisis", Éditions Seghers, 1952

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Cœur-Volant", Les Écrivains réunis, 1954

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Racines", Interc. du Livre, 1956

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les pierres", Interc. du Livre, 1956

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chansons et complaintes", Tome I, Éditions Seghers, 1959

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chansons et complaintes", Tome II, Éditions Seghers, 1961

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Piranèse", Éditions Ides et Calendes, 1961

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chansons et complaintes", Tome III, Éditions Seghers, 1964

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dialogue", 1965

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dis-moi, Ma vie", 1973

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Temps des merveilles", Éditions Seghers, 1978

paragraph: Prose

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Richaud du Combat", Stols, 1944

paragraph: BULLET::::- "L'Homme du commun",Poèsie 44

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Considérations, ou Histoires sous la langue", Collection des 150

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Résistance et ses poètes, 1940-1945", Seghers 1974

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Publishing house homepage

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography of Seghers, in French

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Video :" Pierre Seghers in 1967, he is interviewed (in French) about his new collection . Archive of the Télévision suisse romande

description: French poet

wikidata_label: Pierre Seghers

wikipedia_title: Pierre Seghers


text: first baseman

text: Major League Baseball

text: home run

text: batted

text: RBI

text: top ten of the all-time home run list

text: runs

text: hits

text: doubles

text: triples

text: stolen base

text: walks

text: on-base percentage

text: slugging percentage

text: total bases

text: hit for the cycle

text: Cincinnati Reds Hall of Fame

text: Retrosheet

text: The Deadball Era

categories: 1937 deaths,Cincinnati Red Stockings (AA) players,Major League Baseball first basemen,Cincinnati Reds (1876–80) players,Baseball players from Ohio,19th-century baseball players,New York Metropolitans (minor league) players,1858 births,Cincinnati Reds players,Sportspeople from Cincinnati

paragraph: John Reilly (baseball)

paragraph: John Good Reilly [Long John] (October 5, 1858 – May 31, 1937) was an American first baseman in Major League Baseball who hit 69 home runs and batted .289 during his ten-year career. In 1888, he hit 13 home runs with 103 RBI and a .321 batting average.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Reilly was among the top ten of the all-time home run list from 1888 to 1892, but was never higher than seventh.

paragraph: His career highs in a season were 135 games played, 553 at bats, 112 runs, 170 hits, 35 doubles, 26 triples, 13 HR, 103 RBI, 82 stolen bases, 34 walks, a .339 average, a .366 on-base percentage, a .551 slugging percentage, and 264 total bases.

paragraph: He was also the first of four players to hit for the cycle on three occasions during his career; twice in the American Association, once in the National League. He accomplished the feat twice in 1883 — the first on September 12 and the second exactly one week later on September 19, setting the major league record for the shortest time between cycles. His third cycle came on August 6, 1890.

paragraph: He was inducted into the Cincinnati Reds Hall of Fame on June 23, 2012.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball annual home run leaders

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball annual runs batted in leaders

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball annual triples leaders

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball career triples leaders

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball players to hit for the cycle

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball single-game hits leaders

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: , or Retrosheet

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Deadball Era

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: John Reilly

wikipedia_title: John Reilly (baseball)


text:
Christian
Plato
Timaeus
Latin
Hisdosus
Thierry of Chartres
William of Conches
ex nihilo
Osney Abbey
Oxford University
Bodleian Library

wikipedia_title:
Christians
Plato
Timaeus (dialogue)
Latin
Hisdosus
Thierry of Chartres
William of Conches
Ex nihilo
Osney Abbey
University of Oxford
Bodleian Library

categories: 4th-century Latin writers,Greek–Latin translators,Translators of philosophy,Commentators on Plato,4th-century translators,4th-century philosophers

paragraph: Calcidius

paragraph: Calcidius (or Chalcidius) was a 4th-century philosopher (and possibly a Christian) who translated the first part (to 53c) of Plato's "Timaeus" from Greek into Latin around the year 321 and provided with it an extensive commentary. This was likely done for Bishop Hosius of Córdoba. Very little is otherwise known of him.

paragraph: His translation of the "Timaeus" was the only extensive text of Plato known to scholars in the Latin West for approximately 800 years. His commentary also contained useful accounts of Greek astronomical knowledge. In the 12th century commentaries on this work were written by Christian scholars including Hisdosus and philosophers of the Chartres School, such as Thierry of Chartres and William of Conches. Interpreting it in the light of the Christian faith, the academics in the School of Chartres understood the dialogue to refer to creation "ex nihilo".

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jan Hendrik Waszink (ed.), "Timaeus a Calcidio translatus commentarioque instructus". The Warburg Institute, London 1962 ("Plato Latinus". Vol. 4)

paragraph: BULLET::::- J. Den Boeft, "Calcidius on Demons (Commentarius Ch. 127-136)", E.J. Brill Publisher, 1977,

paragraph: BULLET::::- J. Den Boeft, "Calcidius on Fate: His Doctrine and Sources", Brill Academic Publishers, 1997,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stephen Gersh, "Middle Platonism and Neoplatonism: The Latin Tradition", Publications in Medieval Studies, vol. 23. University of Notre Dame Press, 1986, , p. 421–492

paragraph: BULLET::::- J. C. M. van Winden, "Calcidius on Matter: His Doctrine and Sources; a Chapter in the History of Platonism", E.J. Brill Publisher, 1959, (no ISBN)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bruce Eastwood, "Calcidius' Commentary on Plato's Timaeus in Latin Astronomy of the Ninth to Eleventh Centuries; a chapter in "Between Demonstration and Imagination", ed. by L. Nauta and A. Vanderjagt", Brill, 1999,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Calcidius, trans. by John Magee, “On Plato’s Timaeus,” Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library, Harvard University Press (2016).

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Part 1, Plato's Timaeus 12th-century manuscript of Calcidius Latin translation found at Osney Abbey; page images at Oxford Digital Library from Oxford University's Bodleian Library

paragraph: BULLET::::- Blitz Latin Translation of Calcidius

description: Roman philosopher

wikidata_label: Calcidius

wikipedia_title: Calcidius


text:
portraitist
King George I
London
Huguenot
Paris
Holland
Soho
Godfrey Kneller
James Thornhill
Great Queen Street
Louis Chéron
St Martin's Lane
George Vertue
tuberculosis
Cavendish Square
Marylebone church
Vertue
Isaac Newton
Cervantes
Trinity College, Cambridge
John Faber Jr.
George White
William Hogarth

wikipedia_title:
Portrait
George I of Great Britain
London
Huguenots
Paris
Holland
Soho
Godfrey Kneller
James Thornhill
Great Queen Street
Louis Chéron
St Martin's Lane
George Vertue
Tuberculosis
Cavendish Square
St Marylebone Parish Church
George Vertue
Isaac Newton
Miguel de Cervantes
Trinity College, Cambridge
John Faber Jr.
George White (artist)
William Hogarth

categories: 1694 births,English male painters,People imprisoned for debt,18th-century English painters,Painters from London,English illustrators,English portrait painters,1739 deaths

paragraph: John Vanderbank

paragraph: John Vanderbank (9 September 1694 – 23 December 1739) was an English portraitist and book illustrator, who enjoyed a high reputation for a short while during the reign of King George I, but who died relatively young due to an intemperate and extravagant lifestyle.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Vanderbank was born in London, the eldest son of John Vanderbank Snr, a Huguenot tapestry weaver, who had been born in Paris but forced to flee to Holland before coming to England where he became head of a Soho tapestry weaving factory.

paragraph: Vanderbank studied under Sir Godfrey Kneller at James Thornhill's art academy in Great Queen Street from 1711 until 1720, when he joined with Louis Chéron to found his own academy in St Martin's Lane. The venture proved a failure, and in 1729 he went to France to avoid his creditors. On his return he entered "the liberties of the Fleet" – mansion houses near Fleet prison, London, in which certain privileged prisoners could serve out their sentences in return for payment.

paragraph: It was noted by George Vertue that "only intemperance prevented Vanderbank from being the greatest portraitist of his generation." He died of tuberculosis in Holies Street, Cavendish Square, London, on 23 December 1739 (aged 45) and was buried in Marylebone church.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Vanderbank's portraits, among which are those of many eminent persons, are skilfully drawn and full of character, but slight and careless in execution. He had a great talent for historical composition, and Vertue spoke highly of some of his works of this class.

paragraph: Vanderbank’s book illustrations include: the portrait of Sir Isaac Newton used in the frontispiece of the 1726 edition of "Principia"; the 66 plates of the first edition in Spanish of Cervantes' "Don Quixote" published in London (1738); and illustrations for 'Twenty-five Actions of the Manage Horse, engraved by Josephus Sympson (1729). His 1725 portrait of Sir Isaac Newton hangs in Trinity College, Cambridge. Many of his portraits were engraved by John Faber Jr. and George White. Vanderbank was amongst a group of artists painted by William Hogarth, of which there is an engraving by R. Sawyer.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- J. Vanderbank online (ArtCyclopedia)

paragraph: BULLET::::- J. Vanderbank biography (Philip Mould Fine Paintings)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Historical portraits by John Vanderbank (Philip Mould Fine Paintings)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrait of Miss Rachel Long (1737, oil on canvas)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrait of a gentleman (Art Renewal center)

alias:
Vanderbank
Johan Van der Banck
Jan van der Bonck
John Vanderbank the Younger
Jan van der Banck
John, the younger Vanderbank
Jan Vanderbank
Jan Vanderbanck
John Vanderbanck
John Vanderbanque
Johan van der Banck
Jan van der Banc
Vanderblanc
Vanderbanck
Mr. John Vanderbank
J. van der banck
Vander Banck
Vanderbanks
Vanderbanc
van der banck j.
j. van der banck
Vander Bank
c.
&amp Vanderbank
Vandrebanc
Mr. Vanderbank

description: British artist

wikidata_label: John Vanderbank

wikipedia_title: John Vanderbank


text: Major League Baseball

text: pitcher

text: Pittsburgh Pirates

text: no-hit

text: World Series champion

text: New York Mets

text: wild pitch

text: 1972 NLCS

text: Cincinnati Reds

text: World Series

text: Bill Mazeroski

text: Rayland, Ohio

wikipedia_title: 1972 National League Championship Series

categories: 1947 births,Pittsburgh Pirates players,Road incident deaths in Ohio,Baseball players from Pennsylvania,1976 deaths,Major League Baseball pitchers,People from Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania

paragraph: Bob Moose

paragraph: Robert "Bob" Ralph Moose Jr. (October 9, 1947 – October 9, 1976) was a Major League Baseball pitcher from 1967 to 1976. Moose spent his entire career with the Pittsburgh Pirates. His best season came in 1969 when he posted a 14–3 won-loss record and a 2.91 Earned Run Average working equally as a starter and reliever. On September 20 of that year, he no-hit the eventual World Series champion New York Mets. He is also known for his wild pitch in the bottom half of the ninth inning which allowed George Foster to score the winning run in the fifth and deciding game of the 1972 NLCS, sending the Cincinnati Reds to the World Series after Pittsburgh had a one-run lead entering the bottom of the ninth.

paragraph: During the 1974 season, Moose suffered a blood clot under the shoulder of his pitching arm. Surgery was required to remove the clot plus one of Moose's ribs.

paragraph: Moose was killed in an auto accident on Ohio Route 7 in Martins Ferry heading to Bill Mazeroski's golf course in Rayland, Ohio, on his 29th birthday.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of baseball players who died during their careers

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball no-hitters

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball players who spent their entire career with one franchise

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Player statistics at Baseball-Reference"

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Bob Moose

wikipedia_title: Bob Moose


text: Katakura Kita

text: Date Masamune

text: Terumune

text: Battle of Hitodoribashi

text: Kōriyama

text: Odawara

text: Korean campaign

text: Sekigahara

text: Nihonmatsu Castle

text: Ōmori Castle

text: Watari Castle

text: Toyotomi Hideyoshi

text: Odawara Campaign

text: Sekigahara

text: Sendai

text: Shiroishi Castle

text: Tokugawa Shogunate

text: Sendai

text: Shigenaga

text: Gotō Mototsugu

text: Katakura Shigenaga

categories: 1557 births,Karō,Daimyo,Samurai,Katakura clan,Japanese pages,1615 deaths

paragraph: Katakura Kagetsuna

paragraph: Kagetsuna was trained by his half sister, Katakura Kita, who played a crucial role in the success of the Katakura clan. He first served the Date clan as a junior page under Date Masamune's father Terumune. Then, on Endō Motonobu's recommendation, he became Masamune's personal attendant, and was heavily relied upon as a strategist. Kagetsuna would soon become deeply trusted by his lord, as the following anecdote illustrates: Masamune, in his first battle, suddenly found himself surrounded; he was only saved when Kagetsuna arrived on the scene shouting "I am Masamune!" (われこそが政宗なり; "Ware koso ga Masamune nari"), distracting the enemy long enough for Masamune to escape.

paragraph: Kagetsuna fought in most of Masamune's major battles, including the Battle of Hitodoribashi in 1585, Kōriyama in 1588, in 1589, Odawara in 1590, the Korean campaign in 1590, and Sekigahara in 1600. He also assisted in the Date clan's administrative duties, serving as castle warden of Nihonmatsu Castle, lord of Ōmori Castle, Watari Castle, and others. Kagetsuna played a key role in the survival of the Date clan in 1590, by recommending that Masamune submit to Toyotomi Hideyoshi during the Odawara Campaign. Following the Odawara Campaign, Hideyoshi granted Kagetsuna the 50,000 "koku" fief of Tamura. This made Kagetsuna a daimyō in his own right; however, soon after taking possession of the fief, he returned it, in a show of loyalty to his master.

paragraph: Two years after Sekigahara, when Masamune was made lord of Sendai, Kagetsuna was granted Shiroishi Castle (白石城 "Shiroishi-jō"), and a stipend of 13,000 "koku". This was a special exception to the Tokugawa Shogunate's newly passed "ikkoku ichijō" (一国一城; "One Castle per Territory") rule. The Katakura clan, as senior retainers of the Sendai domain, would remain in Shiroishi as local lords for the next two centuries, spanning over 11 generations.

paragraph: As Kagetsuna was ill, he was unable to join Masamune at the Osaka Winter Campaign of 1614, choosing to send his son Shigenaga in his stead. Kagetsuna died the following year at age 60, and was buried with the posthumous name of Sanzan Jōei (傑山常英). Upon Kagetsuna's death, six of his retainers were so deeply grieved that they committed "junshi" (殉死; suicide to follow one's lord in death).

paragraph: Kagetsuna's son Shigenaga, taking part in the fierce fighting against Gotō Mototsugu at the Osaka Summer Campaign, earned the nickname "Oni Kojūrō" (鬼小十郎; "Ogre Kojūrō").

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Father: Katakura Kagenaga

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mother: Motosawa Yukinao’s daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wife: Yanouchi Shigesada’s daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concubine: Uehara Gohee’s daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Katakura Shigenaga by Yanouchi Shigesada’s daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Katakura Tomotsuna by Uehara Gohee’s daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Katakura Yukitsuna by Yanouchi Shigesada’s daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- daughter

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "TEN-CHI-JIN" General of UESUGI Clan NAOE KANETSUGU - (Japanese)-Kabuto(Samurai Helmet) Papercraft

description: daimyo

wikidata_label: Katakura Kagetsuna

wikipedia_title: Katakura Kagetsuna


text:
Julian
Hellenic paganism
Iamblichus of Chalcis
Platonism
Pythagoreanism
theurgy
Christianity
Flavius Sallustius
praetorian prefect of Gaul
consul
Saturninius Secundus Salutius
Gaul
Orient
Gilbert Murray
Collection Budé
Thomas Taylor
"On the Gods and the World."

categories: Roman-era philosophers,Neoplatonists,4th-century Romans,Byzantine-era pagans,4th-century philosophers

paragraph: Sallustius

paragraph: Sallustius or Sallust (; "Saloustios") was a 4th-century writer, a friend of the Roman Emperor Julian. He wrote the treatise "On the Gods and the Cosmos", a kind of catechism of 4th-century Hellenic paganism.

paragraph: Sallustius' work owes much to that of Iamblichus of Chalcis, who synthesized Platonism with Pythagoreanism and theurgy, and also to Julian's own philosophical writings. The treatise is quite concise, and generally free of the lengthy metaphysical theorizing of the more detailed Neoplatonic texts. Its aim is in part "to parry the usual onslaughts of Christian polemic" in the face of Christianity's growing preeminence, and "me[e]t theology with theology".

paragraph: Sallustius' exact identity is a matter of some uncertainty. By some he is identified as Flavius Sallustius who was praetorian prefect of Gaul from 361 until 363 and Julian's colleague as consul in 363), by others with Saturninius Secundus Salutius a native of Gaul who was praetorian prefect of the Orient in 361).

paragraph: Section::::Editions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gilbert Murray. 1925 "On the Gods and the World," appended to Murray's "Five Stages of Greek Religion", first published in 1912 as "Four Stages of Greek Religion."

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arthur Darby Nock (ed/trans.). 1926. "Sallustius concerning the gods and the universe. Edited with prolegomena and translation." Available in various reprints, for example and .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gabriel Rochefort. 1960. "Des dieux et du monde". Edition of the Greek text, with French translation and notes, in the Collection Budé.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas Taylor (ed/trans.). 1793. "Sallust, On the gods and the world; and the Pythagoric sentences of Demophilus, translated from the Greek; and five hymns by Proclus, in the original Greek, with a poetical version. To which are added five hymns by the translator." Reprinted many times, for example .

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (Thomas Taylor translation)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On the Gods and the World." (Gilbert Murray translation)

description: Roman philosopher and writer

enwikiquote_title: Sallustius

wikidata_label: Sallustius

wikipedia_title: Sallustius


text:
poet
ballad
Electorate of Hanover
Neustadt am Rübenberge
pastor
theology
University of Göttingen
Johann Martin Miller
Johann Heinrich Voss
Heinrich Christian Boie
Göttinger Hainbund
consumption
Johann Uz
Friedrich Klopstock
Volkslied
Prussian virtues
Mozart
The Magic Flute
carillon
Potsdam Garrison Church
Frederick the Great
Count Friedrich Leopold zu Stolberg
Karl Halm
Mozart
Beethoven
Schubert
Mendelssohn
Brahms
Hölty-Gymnasium
Wunstorf
Hölty-Preis
Potsdam Garrison Church

categories: People from the Electorate of Hanover,18th-century deaths from tuberculosis,German male poets,Infectious disease deaths in Germany,University of Göttingen alumni,1748 births,1776 deaths,German poets

paragraph: Ludwig Christoph Heinrich Hölty

paragraph: Ludwig Christoph Heinrich Hölty (21 December 1748 – 1 September 1776) was a German poet, known especially for his ballads.

paragraph: Hölty was born in the Electorate of Hanover in the village of Mariensee (today part of Neustadt am Rübenberge) where his father was pastor. In 1769, he went to study theology at the University of Göttingen. There he formed a close friendship with Johann Martin Miller, Johann Heinrich Voss, Heinrich Christian Boie, the brothers Stolberg, and others, and became one of the founders of the famous society of young poets known as the Hain, or Göttinger Hainbund. By the time he left the university in 1774, he had abandoned all intention of becoming a clergyman, but he was not to enter any profession. He died of consumption at Hanover.

paragraph: Hölty was the most gifted lyric poet of the Göttingen circle. He was influenced by Johann Uz and Friedrich Klopstock, but his love for the "Volkslied" and his delight in nature preserved him from the artificiality of Uz and the unworldliness of Klopstock. A strain of melancholy runs through all his lyrics. His ballads are the pioneers of the rich ballad literature on English models, which sprang up in Germany over the next few years. Among his most familiar poems are: "" (1776), "", and "" (1776).

paragraph: To many, the opening lines of Hölty's poem "Der alte Landmann an seinen Sohn" ("The Old Farmer to His Son") are the very embodiment of all Prussian virtues. This poem was set to music by Mozart to a melody adapted from the aria "Ein Mädchen oder Weibchen" from his 1791 opera "The Magic Flute". It was played daily by the carillon of the Potsdam Garrison Church where Frederick the Great was initially buried. The text reads as follows: "Üb' immer Treu und Redlichkeit / Bis an dein kühles Grab; / Und weiche keinen Fingerbreit / Von Gottes Wegen ab." Translation: "Use always fidelity and honesty / Up to your cold grave; / And stray not one inch / From the ways of the Lord."

paragraph: Hölty's collection "Gedichte" (poems) was published by his friends Count Friedrich Leopold zu Stolberg and J. H. Voss (Hamburg, 1783). A new edition, enlarged by Voss with a biography, came out in 1804, followed by a more complete but still imperfect edition by F. Voigts (Hanover, 1857). The first complete edition was that of Karl Halm (Leipzig, 1870), who had access to manuscripts not hitherto known.

paragraph: Many of Hölty's poems were set to music by composers including Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, Mendelssohn, and Brahms. Several streets and schools in Germany are named after him, including the Hölty-Gymnasium in Wunstorf near Hanover; in 2008, the biennial poetry prize Hölty-Preis was created in his name.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- . This 37 second recording is the only one known to exist of the original carillon of the Potsdam Garrison Church. It is playing Mozart's melody for „Üb' immer Treu und Redlichkeit” by Ludwig Christoph Heinrich Hölty (1748-1776).

description: German poet

wikidata_label: Ludwig Christoph Heinrich Hölty

wikipedia_title: Ludwig Christoph Heinrich Hölty


text:
Basque
geographer
Antoine-Thomson d'Abbadie
Ethiopia
Dublin
Algeria
Massawa
Ennarea
Kingdom of Kaffa
Gregory XVI
Paris Geographical Society

categories: French explorers,1815 births,1893 deaths,Irish people of Basque descent,People from Dublin (city)

paragraph: Arnaud-Michel d'Abbadie

paragraph: Arnaud-Michel d'Abbadie (24 July 181513 November 1893) was an Irish-born French and Basque geographer, and along with his older brother Antoine-Thomson d'Abbadie, was notable for his travels in Ethiopia.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Arnaud-Michel was born in Dublin on the 24th of July 1815. Whilst his mother was Irish, his father was French and in 1818 the family moved to France. While in France, Arnaud and his brother, Antoine, were educated in the sciences.

paragraph: Arnaud journeyed to Algeria, then in 1837, he and his brother left for Ethiopia. In February 1838, they started their scientific expedition from Massawa. The brothers traveled throughout northern Ethiopia, travelling as far south as Ennarea and the Kingdom of Kaffa, sometimes together and sometimes separately. Although the expedition was scientific, Arnaud delved into the political arena and was responsible for influencing Gregory XVI into sending missionaries to Ethiopia. He and his brother returned to France in 1848 with their notes on the geography, geology, archaeology and natural history of Ethiopia.

paragraph: Arnaud paid another visit to Ethiopia in 1853.

paragraph: The general account of the travels of the two brothers was published by Arnaud in 1868 under the title of "Douze ans dans la Haute-Ethiopie [Twelve Years in Upper Ethiopia]". Arnaud received the grand medal of the Paris Geographical Society in 1850.

description: French and Basque geographer

wikidata_label: Arnaud-Michel d'Abbadie

wikipedia_title: Arnaud-Michel d'Abbadie


text:
Castries, St. Lucia
fusion
soul
rock
blues
legato
Al Di Meola
Jimi Hendrix
Tony MacAlpine
J. J. Cale
Yngwie Malmsteen
Paul Gilbert
St Lucia
guitar
USVI
jazz
Minnesota
BeBe Winans
Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis
studio musician
Minneapolis
Ron Kenoly
Hillsong Church
Darlene Zschech
Africa
Official site

paragraph: Paul S. Victor

paragraph: Paul Victor (born September 8, 1965 in Castries, St. Lucia) is an American guitarist, singer and songwriter.

paragraph: Victor has described his style as a mix of fusion, soul, rock, and blues, using amount a lot of sweeping and legato in his playing. His main influences are Al Di Meola, Jimi Hendrix, Tony MacAlpine, J. J. Cale, Yngwie Malmsteen and Paul Gilbert.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.

paragraph: Victor was born on the island of St Lucia. At the age of seven, he started playing guitar. He attended high school in the USVI where he played guitar in the jazz band. He went to college in Minnesota, where he performed regularly and had the opportunity to open for BeBe Winans and White Heart. In 1987, he was asked to audition for a funk band called FTE (created out of "The Time" Fame).

paragraph: Victor was soon asked to be the guitar teacher for Mercedes, an all-female band produced by Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis. During this time, he was a sought-after studio musician in Minneapolis and was asked to join the band Alice. In 1991, he won the second of his four Guitar Wars contests. In the late 90s, Victor played to sold out shows with the musical "Beehive", a theatrical production about women who shaped music from the 60's to the 70's. He also played two concert events for Ron Kenoly.

paragraph: In 2006 and 2007, Victor played concerts with Hillsong Church, led by Darlene Zschech, and by 2009, he was approached by Quickstar Productions to use his song "Send Me an Angel" on their compilation CD "Unified by Grace", a project in which proceeds would go to help orphanages in Africa. He completed and released his solo CD, "Time Machine" in 2010.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Night to Worship" - Grace Christian Center (1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Come to Celebrate" - Shoreline Christian Center (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jan Goss" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Time Machine" (2010)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official site

description: American guitarist

wikidata_label: Paul S. Victor

wikipedia_title: Paul S. Victor