text: silent film

text: Brooklyn, New York City

text: Edna Flugrath

text: Shirley Mason

text: Shakespeare

text: Manhattan

text: David Belasco

text: vaudeville

text: Dustin Farnum

text: Edison Manufacturing Company

text: Bronx

text: John Hancock Collins

text: B. A. Rolfe

text: Rolfe Photoplays

text: Metro Pictures Corporation

text: The Girl Without a Soul

text: Blue Jeans

text: 1918 flu pandemic

text: influenza

text: Frank Capra

text: Columbia Pictures

text: That Certain Thing

text: Two Sisters

text: The Social Code

text: The Show of Shows

text: Lux Video Theatre

text: Kevin Brownlow

text: David Gill

text: Hollywood

text: Ormer "Lock" Locklear

text: The Skywayman

text: prototype

text: Robert Redford

text: The Great Waldo Pepper

text: Maurice "Lefty" Flynn

text: golf

text: Jimmy Thomson

text: Woodland Hills, Los Angeles

text: Hollywood Forever Cemetery

text: Hollywood Walk of Fame

text: A Christmas Carol

text: The House of the Lost Court

text: Gladiola

text: Children of Eve

text: The Flower of No Man's Land

text: The Light of Happiness

text: The Gates of Eden

text: Rosie O'Grady

text: The Mortal Sin

text: God's Law and Man's

text: Lady Barnacle

text: Aladdin’s Other Lamp

text: The Girl Without A Soul

text: Blue Jeans

text: The Winding Trail

text: A Weaver of Dreams

text: Breakers Ahead

text: Riders of the Night

text: The Only Road

text: Opportunity

text: Flower of the Dusk

text: The Gold Cure

text: Satan Junior

text: The Parisian Tigress

text: False Evidence

text: Some Bride

text: The Microbe

text: The Willow Tree

text: Blackmail

text: Cinderella's Twin

text: The Off-Shore Pirate

text: Puppets of Fate

text: Life's Darn Funny

text: The Match-Breaker

text: There Are No Villains

text: The Fourteenth Lover

text: Glass Houses

text: Seeing's Believing

text: June Madness

text: Crinoline and Romance

text: The Social Code

text: In Search of a Thrill

text: The Heart Bandit

text: Revelation

text: Merton of the Movies

text: Open All Night

text: Along Came Ruth

text: As Man Desires

text: Forty Winks

text: The Necessary Evil

text: Winds of Chance

text: The Great Love

text: Wild Oats Lane

text: Bigger Than Barnum's

text: Kosher Kitty Kelly

text: The Ice Flood

text: The Silent Lover

text: Bred in Old Kentucky

text: Home Struck

text: Salvation Jane

text: Naughty Nanette

text: That Certain Thing

text: Two Sisters

text: One Splendid Hour

text: The Show of Shows

text: Ogden

text: Indianapolis Star

text: Lima

text: Viola Dana photo gallery

text: Viola Dana

categories: Actresses from New York City,20th-century American actresses,American television actresses,1897 births,Vaudeville performers,American film actresses,1987 deaths,Burials at Hollywood Forever Cemetery,American stage actresses,People from Brooklyn,American silent film actresses,American child actresses

paragraph: Viola Dana

paragraph: Viola Dana (born Virginia Flugrath; June 26, 1897 – July 3, 1987) was an American film actress who was successful during the era of silent films. She appeared in over 100 films, but was unable to make the transition to sound films.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Born Virginia Flugrath on June 26, 1897 in Brooklyn, New York City, where she was raised, she was the middle sister of three siblings who would all become actresses. Her sisters were known as Edna Flugrath and Shirley Mason. Dana appeared on the stage at the age of three. She read Shakespeare and particularly identified with the teenage Juliet. She enjoyed a long run at the Hudson Theater in Manhattan. Between 1910 and 1912, she made four small appearances in the emergent film industry in New York, using the name Viola Flugrath. A particular favorite of audiences was her performance in David Belasco's "Poor Little Rich Girl", when she was 16.

paragraph: She began performing in vaudeville with Dustin Farnum in "The Little Rebel" and played a bit part in "The Model" by Augustus Thomas.

paragraph: Section::::Film career.

paragraph: With the stage name of Viola Dana, she entered films in 1910, including "A Christmas Carol" (1910). Her first motion picture was made at a former Manhattan (New York) riding academy on West 61st Street. The stalls had been transformed to dressing rooms. Dana became a star with the Edison Manufacturing Company, working at their studio in the Bronx. She fell in love with Edison director John Hancock Collins and they married in 1915. Dana's success in Collins's Edison features such as " Children of Eve" (1915) and "The Cossack Whip" (1916) encouraged producer B. A. Rolfe to offer the couple lucrative contracts with his company, Rolfe Photoplays, which released through Metro Pictures Corporation. Dana and Collins accepted Rolfe's offer in 1916 and made several important films for Rolfe/Metro, notably "The Girl Without a Soul" and "Blue Jeans" (both 1917). Rolfe closed his New York-area studio in the face of the 1918 flu pandemic and sent most of his personnel to California. Dana left before Collins, who was finishing work at the studio; however, Collins contracted influenza and died in a New York hotel room on October 23, 1918.

paragraph: Dana remained in California acting for Metro throughout the 1920s, but her popularity gradually waned. One of her last important roles was in Frank Capra's first film for Columbia Pictures, "That Certain Thing" (1928). She retired from the screen in 1929. Her final screen credits are roles in "Two Sisters" (1929), "One Splendid Hour" (1929), and with her sister Leonie Flugrath, better known as Shirley Mason (years earlier she had appeared with her older sister, Edna Flugrath, in the 1923 film "The Social Code"), "The Show of Shows" (1929). By the time she made her final film appearance in 1933, she had appeared in over 100 films. She briefly came out of retirement to appear in her first and only television role in a small part on "Lux Video Theatre", in 1956.

paragraph: More than 50 years after her retirement from the screen, Dana appeared in the Kevin Brownlow/David Gill documentary series "Hollywood" (1980), discussing her career as a silent film star during the 1920s. Footage from the interview was used in the later documentary series "" (1987) from the same team.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Dana's first husband was Edison director John Collins who died in the Influenza epidemic of 1918. In 1920, she began a relationship with Ormer "Lock" Locklear, a daring aviator, military veteran and budding film star. Locklear died when his aircraft crashed on August 2, 1920 during a nighttime film shoot for "The Skywayman", for Fox Studios. Although married, Locklear had been dating Dana, and on the night before his death, in a premonition, gave her some of his personal effects. Dana witnessed the 1920 crash and would not fly again for 25 years.

paragraph: Locklear was reputed to be the prototype for the character of Waldo Pepper played by Robert Redford in "The Great Waldo Pepper" (1975). Dana was an honored guest at its premiere.

paragraph: Dana was married to Yale football star and actor Maurice "Lefty" Flynn in June 1925. They divorced in February 1929. Her third and final marriage was to golfer Jimmy Thomson from 1930 to March 1945. In later years, she volunteered at the Motion Picture & Television Country House and Hospital, before moving there permanently in 1979.In 1990, she was the subject of a documentary short by Anthony Slide, "Vi: Portrait of a Silent Star," in which she talks of her life and career.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Dana died on July 3, 1987 at the Motion Picture & Television Country House and Hospital in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles at the age of 90. Her urn at Hollywood Forever Cemetery lists her as Viola Dana, as well as her real last name Flugrath.

paragraph: For her contribution to the motion picture industry, Viola Dana has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. It is located at 6541 Hollywood Boulevard.

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.:Short subject.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Christmas Carol" (1910)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Children Who Labor" (1912)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Butler and the Maid" (1912)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "How Father Accomplished His Work" (1912)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Lord and the Peasant" (1912)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Third Thanksgiving" (1912)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "My Friend from India" (1914)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Molly the Drummer Boy" (1914)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Treasure Trove" (1914)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Blind Fiddler" (1914)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Adventure of the Hasty Elopement" (1914)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Seth's Sweetheart" (1914)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Who Goes There?" (1914)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lena" (1915)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Thorn Among Roses" (1915)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Stone Heart" (1915)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Glory of Clementina" (1915)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Spiritual Elopement" (1915)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Portrait in the Attic" (1915)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Theft in the Dark" (1915)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Stoning" (1915)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Slavey Student" (1915)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Her Happiness" (1915)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Strange Case of Poison Ivy" (1933)

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.:Features.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The House of the Lost Court" (1915, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cohen's Luck" (1915, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On Dangerous Paths" (1915, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gladiola" (1915, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Children of Eve" (1915)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Innocence of Ruth" (1916)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Flower of No Man's Land" (1916, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Light of Happiness" (1916, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Gates of Eden" (1916, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Cossack Whip" (1916)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Threads of Fate" (1917)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rosie O'Grady" (1917, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Mortal Sin" (1917, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "God's Law and Man's" (1917, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lady Barnacle" (1917, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Aladdin’s Other Lamp" (1917, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Girl Without A Soul" (1917)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blue Jeans" (1917)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Winding Trail" (1918, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Weaver of Dreams" (1918, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Breakers Ahead" (1918, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Riders of the Night" (1918)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Only Road" (1918)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Opportunity" (1918)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Flower of the Dusk" (1918, print, Bois d'Arcy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Gold Cure" (1919, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Satan Junior" (1919)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Parisian Tigress" (1919, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "False Evidence" (1919)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Some Bride" (1919, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Microbe" (1919, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Please Get Married" (1919, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Willow Tree" (1920)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dangerous to Men" (1920, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Chorus Girl's Romance" (1920)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blackmail" (1920, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cinderella's Twin" (1920, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Off-Shore Pirate" (1921, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Puppets of Fate" (1921)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Home Stuff" (1921)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Life's Darn Funny" (1921, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Match-Breaker" (1921, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "There Are No Villains" (1921, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Fourteenth Lover" (1922)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Glass Houses" (1922, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Seeing's Believing" (1922)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "They Like 'Em Rough" (1922, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Five Dollar Baby" (1922, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "June Madness" (1922)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Love in the Dark" (1922, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Crinoline and Romance" (1923, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Her Fatal Millions" (1923)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Roughed Lips" (1923)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Social Code" (1923, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "In Search of a Thrill" (1923)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Noise in Newboro" (1923, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Heart Bandit" (1924, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Don't Doubt Your Husband" (1924, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Beauty Prize" (1924, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Revelation" (1924)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Merton of the Movies" (1924, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Open All Night" (1924)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Along Came Ruth" (1924, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "As Man Desires" (1924, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Forty Winks" (1925, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Necessary Evil" (1925, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Winds of Chance" (1925)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Great Love" (1925, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wild Oats Lane" (1926, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bigger Than Barnum's" (1926)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kosher Kitty Kelly" (1926, incomplete film, missing one reel)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Ice Flood" (1926)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Silent Lover" (1926)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bred in Old Kentucky" (1926)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Home Struck" (1927)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Salvation Jane" (1927)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Naughty Nanette" (1927)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lure of the Night Club" (1927)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "That Certain Thing" (1928)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Two Sisters" (1929, lost film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "One Splendid Hour" (1929)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Show of Shows" (1929, black-and-white version is extant, and the technicolor version is partially extant)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Section::::References.:Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Farmer, James H. "Celluloid Wings: The Impact of Movies on Aviation." Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania: Tab Books Inc., 1984. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "From the Movies to Stardom". "Ogden Standard", January 10, 1914, p. 27.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Little Viola Dana Ambitious to Become Grown-Up Actress". "Indianapolis Star, January 15, 1914, p. 13.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Viola Dana In Person at Faurot". "Lima News", March 23, 1930, p. 24.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Viola Dana photo gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Viola Dana at Virtual History

description: actress

wikidata_label: Viola Dana

wikipedia_title: Viola Dana


text: silent era

text: film director

text: King Vidor

text: Philadelphia

text: Rupert Hughes

text: Goldwyn Pictures

text: Souls for Sale

text: WAMPAS Baby Stars

text: The Crowd

text: The Three Cornered Hat

text: Kevin Brownlow

text: David Gill

text: Hollywood

text: film director

text: King Vidor

text: John Gilbert

text: Greta Garbo

text: Harry d'Abbadie d'Arrast

text: Santa Barbara

text: motion pictures star

text: Hollywood Walk of Fame

text: Hollywood Boulevard

text: Eleanor Boardman photo gallery

text: Photographs and literature

categories: 1898 births,20th-century American actresses,Actresses from Philadelphia,American film actresses,American silent film actresses,1991 deaths

paragraph: Eleanor Boardman

paragraph: Eleanor Boardman (August 19, 1898 – December 12, 1991) was an American film actress of the silent era, married to film director King Vidor.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and career.

paragraph: Born in Philadelphia, Boardman was originally on stage; but after temporarily losing her voice in 1922, she entered silent films. There followed months of fruitless effort until one day Rupert Hughes saw her riding a horse and gave her a part in a film, and she quickly began to attract audiences. She was chosen by Goldwyn Pictures as their "New Face of 1922," through which she signed a contract with the company. After several successful supporting roles, she played the lead in "Souls for Sale" in 1923. That same year, Boardman's growing popularity was reflected by her inclusion on the list of WAMPAS Baby Stars.

paragraph: She appeared in more than 30 films during her career, achieving her greatest success in director King Vidor's "The Crowd" (1928). Her performance in that film is widely recognized as one of the outstanding performances in American silent films. In 1932, after some success in sound films, she parted ways with MGM. Her final film was "The Three Cornered Hat", which was made in Spain in 1935. After that production, she retired from acting and retreated from Hollywood. Her only subsequent appearance was in an interview filmed for Kevin Brownlow and David Gill's British documentary series "Hollywood" (1980).

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Boardman was married to the film director King Vidor, with whom she had two daughters, Antonia (1927-2012) and Belinda (born 1930). Their marriage lasted from 1926 until 1931. Fellow actors John Gilbert and Greta Garbo had planned a double wedding with them, but Garbo broke off the plans at the last minute.

paragraph: Boardman's second husband was Harry d'Abbadie d'Arrast to whom she was married from 1940. She divided her time between the United States and their chateau in the Pyrenees Mountains. After her husband's death in 1968, she permanently relocated back to the United States, where she settled into Montecito, California, living in a house she designed herself.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Boardman died in her sleep at her Santa Barbara home on December 12, 1991, at the age of 93. Her ashes were scattered in Santa Barbara near her home.

paragraph: For her contributions to the film industry, Boardman has a motion pictures star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Her star is located at 6928 Hollywood Boulevard.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eleanor Boardman photo gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Photographs and literature

paragraph: BULLET::::- Publicity still, Le Petit Journal (Montreal, Canada, weekly newspaper), 26 May 1926

description: American film actress

wikidata_label: Eleanor Boardman

wikipedia_title: Eleanor Boardman


text: British

text: mathematician

text: Horner's method

text: zoetrope

text: Wesleyan

text: Bristol

text: Kingswood School

text: Bath

text: University

text: Sydney

text: tuberculosis

text: Australia

text: Joseph Horner Fletcher

text: Thomas Exley

text: missionary

text: Marathi

text: article

text: Philosophical Magazine

text: published

text: Camera lucida

text: The Ladies' Diary: or, Woman's Almanack

text: Thomson's

text: Annals of Philosophy

text: Butterfly theorem

text: Davies Gilbert

text: Thomas Stephens Davies

text: Euler's

text: Peter Barlow

text: Glasgow

text: Francis Horner

text: Edinburgh

text: Budan

text: continued fraction

text: Lagrange's

text: Bonnycastle's

text: On cubic equations

text: Solution of the equation ψx=x

text: On popular methods of approximation

text: Extension of Theorem of Fermat

text: Art 1-8

text: Art 9-17

text: Reply to Mr. Herapath

text: Art 1-4

text: Art 5-6

text: optics

text: virtual image

text: Phil. Mag., Ser. 3, 4 (Jan, 1834), 36-41

text: Phil. Mag., Ser. 3, 5 (Sept, 1834), 188-191

text: Phil. Mag., Ser. 3, 6 (Feb, 1836), 86-90

text: Phil. Mag., Ser. 3, 8 (Jan, 1836), 43-50

text: Phil. Mag., Ser. 3, 11 (Nov, 1837), 456-459

text: Thomas Stephens Davies

text: Bath: Births, Marriages and Deaths

categories: People from Bristol,1837 deaths,Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge,English inventors,1786 births

paragraph: William George Horner

paragraph: William George Horner (9 June 1786 – 22 September 1837) was a British mathematician; he was a schoolmaster, headmaster and schoolkeeper, proficient in classics as well as mathematics, who wrote extensively on functional equations, number theory and approximation theory, but also on optics. His contribution to approximation theory is honoured in the designation Horner's method, in particular respect of a paper in "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London" for 1819. The modern invention of the zoetrope, under the name "Daedaleum" in 1834, has been attributed to him.

paragraph: Horner died comparatively young, before the establishment of specialist, regular scientific periodicals. So, the way others have written about him has tended to diverge, sometimes markedly, from his own prolific, if dispersed, record of publications and the contemporary reception of them.

paragraph: Section::::Family life.

paragraph: The eldest son of the Rev. William Horner, a Wesleyan minister, Horner was born in Bristol. He was educated at Kingswood School, a Wesleyan foundation near Bristol, and at the age of sixteen became an assistant master there. In four years he rose to be headmaster (1806), but left in 1809, setting up his own school, The Classical Seminary, at Grosvenor Place, Bath, which he kept until he died there 22 September 1837. He and his wife Sarah (1787?–1864) had six daughters and two sons. One of the sons, another William Horner, continued to run the school. He, too, had a large family; the youngest were twins, Charles and Francis John Horner (1852–1887). Francis Horner matriculated at St. John's College, Cambridge in 1872, taking out a BA in 1876 and an MA in 1883. He became a lecturer in mathematics at the University in Sydney, where he died after only a few years - he had been advised to try a change of climate on account of tuberculosis.

paragraph: A longer association with Australia comes through the issue of Horner's daughter Mary, who retained the name `Horner' through several generations. Mary's son Joseph Horner Fletcher, was a Methodist school headmaster in New Zealand and then Australia. Neville Horner Fletcher (1930– ), FTSE, FAA, is a physicist at the Australian National University.

paragraph: On Horner's death in 1837, Sarah Horner lived with another daughter, Charlotte Augusta (1819?–1863; m. 1849), and son-in-law, John Harrison (1820?–1877), and their daughters, Charlotte Sarah (b. 1852) and Elizabeth Caroline (b. 1856), at 33, Grovesnor Place, Bath

paragraph: Horner's youngest brother, Joseph Horner, was also an assistant master at Kingswood School, but in 1834 matriculated as a mature student at Clare College, Cambridge, standing twelfth Wrangler in the Mathematical Tripos in 1838 (the same year, John Thompson Exley, the son of W. G. Horner's associate Thomas Exley, stood twenty-third). Joseph Horner was a Fellow of Clare College and then vicar of Everton with Tetsworth from 1839 until his death in 1875. He, too, published in mathematics.

paragraph: Other brothers were Thomas Horner, who died young; John Horner, a Wesleyan minister in India; and James Horner, cabinet maker of Bath. According to Horner, John Horner was the first missionary to come out of Kingswood School: he translated "Bel and the Dragon" into Marathi and his son, Horner's nephew, again John Horner, was tutor to the children of servants in the Sovereign's Household.

paragraph: Section::::Physical sciences, optics.

paragraph: Although Horner's article on the Dædalum (zoetrope) appeared in "Philosophical Magazine" only in January, 1834, he had published on Camera lucida as early as August, 1815.

paragraph: Section::::Mathematics.

paragraph: Horner's name first appears in the list of solvers of the mathematical problems in The Ladies' Diary: or, Woman's Almanack for 1811, continuing in the successive annual issues until that for 1817. Up until the issue for 1816, he is listed as solving all but a few of the fifteen problems each year; several of his answers were printed, along with two problems he proposed. He also contributed to other departments of the Diary, not without distinction, reflecting the fact that he was known to be an all-rounder, competent in the classics as well as in mathematics. Horner was ever vigilant in his reading, as shown by his characteristic return to the Diary for 1821 in a discussion of the Prize Problem, where he reminds readers of an item in (Thomson's) "Annals of Philosophy" for 1817; several other problems in the Diary that year were solved by his youngest brother, Joseph.

paragraph: His record in The Gentleman's Diary: or, Mathematical Repository for this period is similar, including one of two published modes of proof in the volume for 1815 of a problem posed the previous year by Thomas Scurr (d. 1836), now dubbed the Butterfly theorem. Leaving the headmastership of Kingswood School would have given him more time for this work, while the appearance of his name in these publications, which were favoured by a network of mathematics teachers, would have helped publicize his own school.

paragraph: At this stage, Horner's efforts turned more to "The Mathematical Repository", edited by Thomas Leybourn, but to contributing occasional articles, rather than the problem section,

paragraph: as well as to "Annals of Philosophy", where Horner begins by responding to other contributors and works up to independent articles of his own; he has a careful style with acknowledgements and, more often than not, cannot resist adding further detail.

paragraph: Several contributions pave the way for, or are otherwise related to, his most celebrated mathematical paper, in "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London" in 1819, which was read by title at the closing meeting for the session on 1 July 1819, with Davies Gilbert in the Chair. The article, with significant editorial notes by Thomas Stephens Davies, was reprinted as a commemorative tribute in The Ladies' Diary for 1838. The issue of The Gentleman's Diary for that year contains a short obituary notice. A careful analysis of this paper has appeared recently in Craig Smoryński's "History of Mathematics: A Supplement".

paragraph: While a sequel was read before the Royal Society, publication was declined for "Philosophical Transactions", having to await appearance in a sequence of parts in the first two volumes of "The Mathematician" in the mid-1840s, again largely at the instigation of T. S. Davies.

paragraph: However, Horner published on diverse topics in "The Philosophical Magazine" well into the 1830s. Davies mooted an edition of Horner's collected papers, but this project never came to fruition, partly on account of Davies' own early death.

paragraph: Section::::Contemporary reception.

paragraph: Some idea of Horner's standing with his contemporaries is provided by exchanges in the issues of "Annals of Philosophy" for July and August, 1817. Thomas Thomson, in commending to an enquirer Euler's work on algebra, is under some impression that the English translation is by Horner. Horner writes promptly to correct this, supposing the translation to be the work of Peter Barlow. Thomson, a professor in Glasgow, might not have known that the translation, originally published as far back as 1789, was the work of Francis Horner MP, an Edinburgh native, who had died only that February.

paragraph: Section::::Peter Barlow and continued fractions.

paragraph: When Peter Barlow wrote, in 1845, he remembered Davies, but not Horner, asking to borrow a book by Budan (both Davies and Horner were living in Bath at the time). Barlow also had a vague recollection that the material on approximations Horner sent him related to continued fractions, rather than what appeared in the "Philosophical Transactions". Horner clearly held Barlow in high regard and it would have been natural for Horner to approach him to request both books and critical advice as Horner draws attention to Barlow's article in "New Series of the Mathematical Repository" and in his survey of approximation methods in the following volume of the Repository (bound up in 1819). The anonymous reviewer for "The Monthly Review" in the issue for December, 1820 writes that he has seen Horner's letter to Barlow and that the letter confirms that Horner already had his method of approximation at that date (1818).

paragraph: The methods of both Barlow and Horner use a nesting of expressions akin to continued fractions. Horner was aware of Lagrange's use of continued fractions at least through his reading of Bonnycastle's Algebra which is also mentioned in the survey article in the Repository. Horner may have rewritten his paper either under guidance or of his own volition, with an eye to publication in "Philosophical Transactions". Horner goes on to write on the use of continued fractions in the summation of series in "Annals of Philosophy" in 1826 and on their use in improvements they yield in the solution of equations in "Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature and the Arts" running over into 1827; he explicitly cites work of Lagrange. Barlow's memory of events may have been confused by the appearance of this later work.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New and important combinations with the Camera Lucida", dated Bath, 15 August 1815, Annals of Philosophy, 6 (Oct. 1815), 281-283.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I. On Annuities. - II. Imaginary cube roots. - III. Roots of Binomials, dated Bath, 9 September 1816, Annals of Philosophy, 8 (Oct. 1816), 279-284.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Corrections of the paper inserted in the last number of the Annals, p. 279, dated Bath, 3 October 1816 Annals of Philosophy, 8 (Nov. 1816), 388-389.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Formulas for estimating the height of mountains, dated Bath, 13 February 1817 Annals of Philosophy, 9 (March, 1817), 251--252.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On cubic equations, dated Bath, 17 January 1817, Annals of Philosophy, 9 (May, 1817), 378-381.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Solution of the equation ψx=x, Annals of Philosophy, 10 (Nov, 1817), 341-346.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On reversion of series, especially in connection with the equation ψαψαx=x, dated Bath, 10 November 1817, Annals of Philosophy, 11 (Feb, 1818), 108-112.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On popular methods of approximation, dated Bath, 1819, Math. Rep. New Series, 4 (1819), Part II, 131--136.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ‘A Tribute of Friendship,’ a poem addressed to his friend Thomas Fussell, appended to a ‘Funeral Sermon on Mrs. Fussell,’ Bristol, 1820.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On algebraic transformation, as deducible from first principles, and connected with continuous approximations, and the theory of finite and fluxional differences, including some new modes of numerical solution", one of ten papers read at the table at the meeting of the Royal on 19 June 1823, immediately before the long vacation adjournment until 20 November 1823; one of the three papers of the set not published in Phil. Trans. that year; published in issues in the first two volumes of The Mathematician bound up in 1845 and 1847.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Extension of Theorem of Fermat, dated 26 December, Annals of Philosophy New Series, 11 (Feb, 1826), 81-83.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On the solutions of the Function ψx and their limitations, Art 1-8, dated Bath, 11 February 1826, Annals of Philosophy New Series, 11 (March, 1826), 168--183; Art 9-17, ibid, 11 (April, 1826), 241--246.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Reply to Mr. Herapath", dated Bath, 2 April 1826, Annals of Philosophy New Series, 11 (May, 1826), 363

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On the use of continued fractions with unrestricted numerators in summation of series, Art 1-4, dated Bath, 24 April 1826, Annals of Philosophy New Series, 11 (June, 1826), 416–421; Art 5-6, ibid, 12 (July, 1826), 48-51.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ‘Natural Magic,’ a pamphlet on optics dealing with virtual images, London, 1832.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On the properties of the Dædaleum, a new instrument of optical illusion", Phil. Mag., Ser. 3, 4 (Jan, 1834), 36-41.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On the autoptic spectrum of certain vessels within the eye, as delineated in shadow on the retina", Phil. Mag., Ser. 3, 4 (April, 1834), 262-271.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Considerations relative to an interesting case in equations", Phil. Mag., Ser. 3, 5 (Sept, 1834), 188-191.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On the signs of the trigonometrical lines", Phil. Mag., Ser. 3, 6 (Feb, 1836), 86-90.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On the theory of congeneric surd equations", Communicated by T. S. Davies, Phil. Mag., Ser. 3, 8 (Jan, 1836), 43-50.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New demonstration of an original proposition in the theory of numbers", Communicated by T. R. Phillips, Phil. Mag., Ser. 3, 11 (Nov, 1837), 456-459.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ‘Questions for the Examination of Pupils on … General History,’ Bath, 1843, 12mo.

paragraph: A complete edition of Horner's works was promised by Thomas Stephens Davies, but never appeared.

paragraph: Section::::Other contemporary literature.

paragraph: BULLET::::- P. Barlow, On the resolution of the irreducible case in cubic equations, Math. Rep., NS IV (1814), 46-57 [includes Table for the solution of the irredicible case in cubic equations (6pp.)].

paragraph: BULLET::::- P. Barlow, A new method of approximating towards the roots of equations of all dimensions, Math. Rep., NS IV (1814), No. 12, 67–71.

paragraph: BULLET::::- T. Holdred, A New Method of Solving Equations with Ease and Expedition; by which the True Value of the Unknown Quantity is Found Without Previous Reduction. With a Supplement, Containing Two Other Methods of Solving Equations, Derived from the Same Principle(Richard Watts. Sold by Davis and Dickson, mathematical and philosophical booksellers, 17, St. Martin's-le-Grand; and by the author, 2, Denzel Street, Clare-Market, 1820), 56pp..

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Register of Kingswood School, 1748-1922" (1923), p. 89.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1861 Census

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bath: Births, Marriages and Deaths

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prof. Neville Fletcher, Research School of Physics and Engineering, ANU

paragraph: BULLET::::- Australian Academy of Science: Interview with Neville Fletcher

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

description: British mathematician

wikidata_label: William George Horner

wikipedia_title: William George Horner


text: saint

text: canonized

text: Chichester Cathedral

text: shrine

text: pilgrimage

text: Henry VIII

text: Thomas Cromwell

text: Sussex

text: Sussex Day

text: Droitwich

text: Worcestershire

text: feudal wardship

text: medieval form of death duty

text: University of Oxford

text: Paris

text: Bologna

text: Edmund of Abingdon

text: archbishop of Canterbury

text: diocese of Canterbury

text: Pontigny

text: Orléans

text: Charing

text: Deal

text: Boniface of Savoy

text: Henry III

text: Robert Passelewe

text: Innocent IV

text: excommunication

text: Tarring

text: hair-shirt

text: vegetarian

text: usurers

text: episcopate

text: Dominicans

text: crusade

text: St Edmund's Chapel

text: Dover

text: Maison Dieu, Dover

text: Lewes

text: sanctuary

text: lynching

text: knight

text: benefice

text: concubines

text: Vicars

text: Deacons

text: Apostles' Creed

text: Lord's Prayer

text: chalice

text: corporals

text: palls

text: celebrant

text: pyx

text: Archdeacon

text: Viterbo

text: Pope Urban IV

text: Roman Catholic Church

text: Matthew Paris

text: St. Edmund Rich

text: Anglican

text: Richard Sampson

text: Henry VIII of England

text: Vicar-General

text: Thomas Cromwell

text: Chichester

text: Ernley

text: Thomas Becket

text: West Wittering

text: Dean Duncan Jones

text: Abbey of La Lucerne

text: Eric Kemp

text: West Dean College

text: Sergei Fyodorov

text: prayer

text: Latin

text: Ralph Bocking

text: Acta Sanctorum

text: British Library

text: Cecil Headlam

text: ""Day by Day""

text: "Godspell (1971)"

text: Stephen Schwartz

text: personal ordinariate

text: Collect

text: patron saint

text: Sussex

text: England

text: saint's day

text: feast day

text: List of Catholic saints

text: Sussex Day

text: West Sussex

text: History of Sussex

text: Biography of St Richard of Chichester

text: St. Richard de Wyche

text: St. Richard, Bishop and Confessor

text: Alban Butler

text: St. Richard's RC Parish, Chichester

text: The Parish Church of St Richard, Aldwick

categories: Chancellors of the University of Oxford,Bishops of Chichester,Pre-Reformation Anglican saints,1253 deaths,People from Droitwich Spa,13th-century Roman Catholic bishops,English Roman Catholic saints,1197 births,13th-century Christian saints,Medieval English saints

paragraph: Richard of Chichester

paragraph: Richard of Chichester (1197 – 3 April 1253), also known as Richard de Wych, is a saint (canonized 1262) who was Bishop of Chichester.

paragraph: In Chichester Cathedral a shrine dedicated to Richard had become a richly decorated centre of pilgrimage. In 1538, during the reign of Henry VIII, the shrine was plundered and destroyed by order of Thomas Cromwell.

paragraph: St Richard of Chichester is the patron saint of Sussex in southern England; since 2007, his translated saint's day of 16 June has been celebrated as Sussex Day.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Richard was born in Burford, near the town of Wyche (modern Droitwich, Worcestershire) and was an orphan member of a gentry family. On the death of their parents Richard's elder brother was heir to the estates but he was not old enough to inherit, so the lands were subject to a feudal wardship. On coming of age his brother took possession of his lands, but was required to pay a medieval form of death duty that left the family so impoverished, that Richard had to work for him on the farm. His brother also made Richard heir to the estate. According to Richard's biographers, friends tried to arrange a match with a "certain noble lady". However Richard rejected the proposed match, suggesting that his brother might marry her instead; he also reconveyed the estates back to his brother, preferring a life of study and the church.

paragraph: Educated at the University of Oxford, Richard soon began to teach in the university. From there he proceeded to Paris and then Bologna, where he distinguished himself by his proficiency in canon law. On returning to England in 1235, Richard was elected Oxford's chancellor.

paragraph: His former tutor, Edmund of Abingdon, had become archbishop of Canterbury. Richard shared Edmund's ideals of clerical reform and supported papal rights even against the king. In 1237, Archbishop Edmund appointed Richard chancellor of the diocese of Canterbury. Richard joined the archbishop during his exile at Pontigny, and was with him when the archbishop died circa 1240. Richard then decided to become a priest and studied theology for two years with the Dominicans at Orléans. Upon returning to England, Richard became the parish priest at Charing and at Deal, but soon was reappointed chancellor of Canterbury by the new archbishop Boniface of Savoy.

paragraph: In 1244 Richard was elected Bishop of Chichester. Henry III and part of the chapter refused to accept him, the king favouring the candidature of Robert Passelewe (d. 1252). Archbishop Boniface refused to confirm Passelew, so both sides appealed to the pope. The king confiscated the see's properties and revenues, but Innocent IV confirmed Richard's election and consecrated him bishop at Lyons in March 1245. Richard then returned to Chichester, but the king refused to restore the see's properties for two years, and then did so only after being threatened with excommunication. Henry III forbade anyone to house or feed Richard. At first, Richard lived at Tarring in the house of his friend Simon, the parish priest of Tarring, visited his entire diocese on foot, and cultivated figs in his spare time.

paragraph: Richard's private life was supposed to have displayed rigid frugality and temperance. Richard was an ascetic who wore a hair-shirt and refused to eat off silver. He kept his diet simple and rigorously excluded animal flesh; having been a vegetarian since his days at Oxford.

paragraph: Richard was merciless to usurers, corrupt clergy and priests who mumbled the Mass. He was also a stickler for clerical privilege.

paragraph: Richard's episcopate was marked by the favour which he showed to the Dominicans, a house of this order at Orléans having sheltered him during his stay in France, and by his earnestness in preaching a crusade. After dedicating St Edmund's Chapel at Dover, he died aged 56 at the Maison Dieu, Dover at midnight on 3 April 1253, where the Pope had ordered him to preach a crusade. His internal organs were removed and placed in that chapel's altar. Richard's body was then carried to Chichester and buried, according to his wishes, in the chapel on the north side of the nave, dedicated to his patron St. Edmund. His remains were translated to a new shrine in 1276.

paragraph: Section::::Episcopal statutes.

paragraph: After the full rights of the see and its revenues were returned to him in 1246, the new bishop showed much eagerness to reform the manners and morals of his clergy, and also to introduce greater order and reverence into the services of the Church.

paragraph: Richard overruled Henry on several occasions. Richard defrocked a priest who had seduced a nun out of her convent, turning aside a petition from the king in the priest's favour.

paragraph: Richard was militant in protecting the clergy from abuse. The townsmen of Lewes violated the right of sanctuary by seizing a criminal in church and lynching him, and Richard made them exhume the body and give it a proper burial in consecrated ground. He also imposed severe penance on knights who attacked priests.

paragraph: Richard produced a body of statutes with the aid of his chapter, for the organisation of the church in his diocese and the expected conduct of its clergy. It seems that many of the clergy still secretly married, though such alliances were not recognised by canon law, and as such their women's status was that of a mistress or concubine. The Bishop endeavoured to suppress the practice in his diocese with relentless austerity.

paragraph: By Richard's statutes:

paragraph: It was decreed that married clergy should be deprived of their benefices; their concubines were to be denied the privileges of the church during their lives and also after death; they were pronounced incapable of inheriting any property from their husbands, and any such bequests would be donated for the upkeep of the cathedral. A vow of chastity was to be required of candidates for ordination. Rectors were expected to reside in their parishes, to be hospitable and charitable and tithes were to be paid on all annual crops. Anyone who did not pay their tithe would not be granted penance until they did.

paragraph: Vicars were to be priests and have only one freehold to live on, they were not allowed to have another parish held under an assumed name.

paragraph: Deacons were not to be allowed to receive confessions or to provide penances, or to baptise except in the absence of a priest. Children had to be confirmed within a year of baptism. The Apostles' Creed and the Lord's Prayer were to be learned in the mother tongue; priests were to celebrate mass in clean robes, to use a silver or golden chalice; thoroughly clean corporals and at least two consecrated palls were to be placed on the altar; the cross was to be planted in front of the celebrant; the bread was to be of the purest wheaten flour, the wine mixed with water. The elements were not to be kept more than seven days; when carried to a sick person to be enclosed in a pyx, and the priest to be preceded by a cross; a candle, holy water and bell.

paragraph: Practices such as gambling at baptisms and marriages is strictly forbidden.

paragraph: Archdeacons were to administer justice for their proper fees, not demanding more either for rushing or delaying the business. They were to visit the churches regularly, to see that the services were duly ministered, the vessels and vestments are in proper order, the canon of the mass correctly observed and distinctly read, as also the ‘'hours’’. Priests who clipped or slurred the words by rushing were to be suspended.

paragraph: The clergy should wear their proper dress and not imitate what the lay people wore. They were not allowed to wear their hair long or have romantic entanglements. The names of excommunicated persons to be read out four times a year in the parish churches.

paragraph: A copy of these statutes was to be kept by every priest in the diocese and be brought by him to the episcopal synod.

paragraph: Section::::Shrine.

paragraph: It was generally believed that miracles were wrought at Richard's tomb in Chichester cathedral, which was long a popular place of pilgrimage, and in 1262, just 9 years after his death, he was canonized at Viterbo by Pope Urban IV.

paragraph: Richard's feast day is on 3 April in the West, but because this date generally falls within Lent or Eastertide this is normally translated to 16 June in some provinces of the Anglican Communion (the Anglican Church of Canada, for example, commemorates Richard on 3 April), which venerates St. Richard more widely than does the Roman Catholic Church. Richard furnished the chronicler, Matthew Paris, with material for the life of St. Edmund Rich, and instituted the offerings for the cathedral at Chichester which were known later as "St. Richard's pence."

paragraph: During the episcopate of the first Anglican bishop of Chichester, Richard Sampson, King Henry VIII of England, through his Vicar-General, Thomas Cromwell ordered the destruction of Richard's shrine in Chichester cathedral in 1538.

paragraph: Forasmuch as we have lately been informed that in our cathedral church of Chichester there hath been used long heretofore, and yet at this day is used, much superstition and a certain kind of idolatry about the shrine and bones of a certain bishop of the same, whom they call Saint Richard, and a certain resort there of common people, which being men of simplicity are seduced by the instigation of some of the clergy, who take advantage of their credulity to ascribe miracles of healing and other virtues to the said bones, that God only hath authority to grant. . . . . We have appointed you, with all convenient diligence to repair unto the said cathedral church, and to take away the shrine and bones of that bishop called Saint Richard, with all ornaments to the said shrine belonging, and all other the reliques and reliquaries, the silver, the gold, and all the jewels belonging to said shrine, and that not only shall you see them to be safely and surely conveyed unto our Tower of London there to be bestowed and placed at your arrival, but also ye shall see both the place where the shrine was kept, destroyed even to the ground and all such other images of the said church, where about any notable superstition is used, to be carried and conveyed away, so that our subjects shall by them in no ways be deceived hereafter, but that they,pay to Almighty God and to no earthly creature such honour as is due unto him the Creator. . . . . Given under our privy seal at our manor of Hampton Court, the 14th day of Dec., in the 30th year of our reign (1538).

paragraph: The document ordering the destruction of the shrine was issued to a Sir William Goring of Burton and a William Ernley. They received £40 for carrying out the commission on 20 December 1538.

paragraph: The Shrine of St. Richard had, up to this point, enjoyed a level of popularity approaching that accorded to Thomas Becket at Canterbury. It seems that someone associated with the parish of West Wittering in Sussex, possibly William Ernley, using his position as royal commissioner for the destruction of St. Richard's Shrine, may have spirited away the relics and bones of St. Richard and hidden them in their own parish church, as there are persistent legends of the presence there, of the remains of the saint:

paragraph: The Lady Chapel not only contains the Saxon Cross but also an ancient broken marble slab engraved with a Bishop's pastoral staff and a Greek cross believed to have come from a reliquary containing the relics of St. Richard of Chichester, a 13th century bishop who often visited West Wittering. Part of his story is shown in the beautiful red, white and gold altar frontal presented by Yvonne Rusbridge in 1976. On the left St Richard is shown feeding the hungry in Cakeham and on the right leading his followers from the church, his candle miraculously alight despite the gust of wind which blew out all the other candles.

paragraph: The modern St Richard's Shrine is located in the retro-quire of Chichester cathedral and was re-established in 1930 by Dean Duncan Jones. In 1987 during the restoration of the Abbey of La Lucerne, in Normandy, the lower part of a man's arm was discovered in a reliquary, the relic was thought to be Richard's. After examination, to establish its provenance, the relic was offered to Bishop Eric Kemp and received into the cathedral on 15 June 1990. The relic was buried in 1991 below the St Richard altar. A further relic, together with an authentication certificate, was offered from Rome at the same time and is now housed at the bishop's chapel in Chichester. The modern shrine of Richard contains an altar that was designed by Robert Potter, a tapestry designed by Ursula Benker-Schirmer (partly woven in her studio in Bavaria and partly at the West Dean College) and an icon designed by Sergei Fyodorov that shows St Richard in episcopal vestments, his hand raised in blessing towards the viewer, but also in supplication to the figure of Christ who appears to him from heaven .

paragraph: Section::::Prayer.

paragraph: Richard is widely remembered today for the popular prayer ascribed to him:

paragraph: "Thanks be to Thee, my Lord Jesus Christ"

paragraph: "For all the benefits Thou hast given me,"

paragraph: "For all the pains and insults Thou hast borne for me."

paragraph: "O most merciful Redeemer, friend and brother,"

paragraph: "May I know Thee more clearly,"

paragraph: "Love Thee more dearly,"

paragraph: "Follow Thee more nearly."

paragraph: Richard is supposed to have recited the prayer on his deathbed, surrounded by the clergy of the diocese. The words were transcribed, in Latin, by his confessor Ralph Bocking, a Dominican friar, and were eventually published in the "Acta Sanctorum", an encyclopedic text in 68 folio volumes of documents examining the lives of Christian saints. The British Library copy, contains what is believed to be Bockings transcription of the prayer:

paragraph: "Gratias tibi ago, Domine Jesu Christe, de omnibus beneficiis quae mihi praestitisti;"

paragraph: "pro poenis et opprobriis, quae pro me pertulisti;"

paragraph: "propter quae planctus ille lamentabilis vere tibi competebat."

paragraph: "Non est dolor similis sicut dolor meus."

paragraph: Whoever translated the Latin into English was obviously skilled in his craft as he managed to produce a rhyming triplet, namely ""clearly, dearly, nearly"". However, versions of St Richards prayer, before the 20th century, did not contain the triplet and it is thought that the first version that did was published in ""The Churchmans Prayer Manual"" by G.R.Bullock-Webster in 1913. The first use of the rhyming triplet in a hymn was in the ""Mirfield Mission Hymnbook"" of 1922, and the first use of the phrase ""Day by Day"" was in the ""Songs of Praise, Enlarged Edition"" published in 1931.

paragraph: The author who is credited with translating the prayer from the original "Acta Sanctorum" and bringing it to public notice, was Cecil Headlam in 1898. The following version in the ""Prayers of Saints"" is quite different from the one that is familiar today :

paragraph: "THE DYING PRAYER OF S. RICHARD, "

paragraph: "LORD JESU CHRIST, I thank Thee for "

paragraph: "all the blessings Thou hast given me, "

paragraph: "and for all the sufferings and shame Thou "

paragraph: "didst endure for me, on which account that "br

paragraph: "pitiable cry of sorrow was Thine : " Behold and "

paragraph: "see, if there was any sorrow like unto My "

paragraph: "sorrow ! " Thou knowest, Lord, how willing "

paragraph: "I should be to bear insult, and pain, and death "

paragraph: "for Thee ; therefore have mercy on me, for to "

paragraph: "Thee do I commend my spirit. Amen"

paragraph: The prayer was adapted for the song ""Day by Day"" in the musical "Godspell (1971)", with music by Stephen Schwartz. The words used, with a few embellishments, were based on the following from ""Songs of Praise, Enlarged Edition"":

paragraph: "Day by day,"

paragraph: "Dear Lord, of thee three things I pray:"

paragraph: "To see thee more clearly,"

paragraph: "Love thee more dearly,"

paragraph: "Follow thee more nearly,"

paragraph: "Day by Day."

paragraph: A portion of the prayer has been incorporated into the liturgy of the Roman Catholic Church for use by the personal ordinariates established to bring the Anglican patrimony into the Church. Observance of the memorial of Saint Richard of Chichester on June 16th is inscribed in the calendar of and the following Collect is provided:

paragraph: "MOST merciful Redeemer,"

paragraph: "who gavest to thy Bishop Richard a love of learning,"

paragraph: "a zeal for souls, and a devotion to the poor:"

paragraph: "grant that, encouraged by his example,"

paragraph: "and aided by his prayers,"

paragraph: "we may know thee more clearly,"

paragraph: "love thee more dearly,"

paragraph: "and follow thee more nearly,"

paragraph: "day by day;"

paragraph: "who livest and reignest with the Father"

paragraph: "in the unity of the Holy Spirit, ever one God,"

paragraph: "world without end. Amen."

paragraph: Section::::Current patronage and festivals.

paragraph: Richard is the patron saint of the county of Sussex in England. Since 2007, his translated saint's day, 16 June, has been celebrated as Sussex Day.

paragraph: Richard is honoured with a feast day on the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church (USA) on 3 April, which is also the date for his commemoration in the new Roman Martyrology of 2004 for the Roman Catholic Church.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Catholic saints

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sussex Day

paragraph: BULLET::::- West Sussex

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of Sussex

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- -subscription required.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography of St Richard of Chichester from "Catholic Online"

paragraph: BULLET::::- St. Richard de Wyche from "Catholic Encyclopedia"

paragraph: BULLET::::- St. Richard, Bishop and Confessor from "The Lives of the Saints" by Alban Butler

paragraph: BULLET::::- St. Richard's RC Parish, Chichester

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Parish Church of St Richard, Aldwick in memory of St Richard, Bishop of Chichester 1244-1253

paragraph: BULLET::::- St. Richard's Catholic Parish, Creve Coeur, Missouri, USA

description: Bishop of Chichester, Saint

enwikiquote_title: Richard of Chichester

wikidata_label: Richard of Chichester

wikipedia_title: Richard of Chichester


text:
Horace Walpole
The Athenaeum
Drogheda
Irish rebellion of 1798
Cavendish Square
James Murray, 1st Baron Glenlyon
George Murray
Lord Rivers
Lord Harewood
Lord Portman
University of Marburg
Hammersmith
Church and State Gazette
William Hepworth Dixon
Sir Charles Wentworth Dilke
William John Thoms
Notes and Queries
Notting Hill
Kensal Green
Surrey Theatre
Literary Chronicle
Marie Thérèse Charlotte, Madame Royale
Isabella Frances Romer
Charles Anthon
Anabasis
Xenophon
Edward Young
Night Thoughts
Henry Tuckerman
siege of Paris
Elizabeth Montagu
Sir Horace Mann

categories: English people of Irish descent,Writers from London,1807 births,1878 deaths,English writers

paragraph: John Doran (writer)

paragraph: John Doran (11 March 1807 – 25 January 1878) was an English editor and miscellaneous writer of Irish parentage, wrote a number of works dealing with the lighter phases of manners, antiquities, and social history, often bearing punning titles, e.g., "Table Traits with Something on Them" (1854), and "Knights and their Days". He edited Horace Walpole's "Journal of the Reign of George III.". Among other posts, Doran was for a short time editor of "The Athenaeum".

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was born in London on 11 March 1807. Both his parents were Irish: his father, John Doran, was a native of Drogheda, who after the Irish rebellion of 1798 went to England, and as a naval contractor was captured by the French. He was kept in France for three years, and acquired a knowledge of French, which he passed on to his son.

paragraph: When very young John Doran was sent to Matheson's Academy in Margaret Street, Cavendish Square. Before he was seventeen he was an orphan. His knowledge of French earned for him in the early part of 1823 an appointment as tutor to the eldest son of James Murray, 1st Baron Glenlyon. He travelled on the continent for five years with his pupil George Murray. From 1828 to 1837 he was tutor to Lord Rivers, and to the sons of Lord Harewood and of Lord Portman.

paragraph: After giving up his last tutorship, Doran travelled on the continent for two or three years, and took a doctor's degree in the faculty of philosophy at the University of Marburg in Prussia. Returning to England he became a professional writer, and settled in St. Peter's Square, Hammersmith. In 1841 he began as literary editor of the "Church and State Gazette" until 1852.

paragraph: Soon afterwards he became a regular contributor to the "Athenæum". He became closely connected with William Hepworth Dixon, the editor, and during Dixon's absences acted as his substitute. In August 1869,on the death of Sir Charles Wentworth Dilke, Doran for about a year succeeded Dixon as editor. On the retirement of William John Thoms, Doran was appointed to the editorship of "Notes and Queries".

paragraph: Doran died at Notting Hill on 25 January 1878, and was buried on 29 January at Kensal Green.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: At the age of seventeen Doran wrote a melodrama "Justice, or the Venetian Jew", which was on 8 April 1824 produced at the Surrey Theatre. Before leaving England Doran had begun writing on the London "Literary Chronicle" (absorbed in the "Athenæum" in 1828), and during his time abroad he became a regular contributor. A collection of his Parisian sketches and Paris letters appeared in 1828 under the title of "Sketches and Reminiscences".

paragraph: Doran began in 1830 to supply the "Bath Journal" with lyrical translations from the French, German, Latin, and Italian, two of his favourite authors being Béranger and Catullus. In 1835 he published the "History of Reading".

paragraph: In 1852 Doran published the memoir of Marie Thérèse Charlotte, Madame Royale, under the title of "Filia Dolorosa". The first 115 pages had been written by Isabella Frances Romer, who died, leaving the fragment. In 1852 he also edited a new edition of Charles Anthon's text of the "Anabasis" of Xenophon. In 1853 he prefixed a life of Edward Young to a reissue of the "Night Thoughts", rewritten in 1854 for Young's complete works.

paragraph: At the same period Doran began a series of popular works. In 1854 he published "Table Traits and Something on Them" and "Habits and Men", both rich in anecdotes. In 1855 he published in 2 vols. "The Queens of the House of Hanover". In 1856 appeared "Knights and their Days". In 1857 Doran published, in 2 vols. a historical compilation entitled 'Monarchs retired from Business.' In 1858 he published his "History of Court Fools", and edited the "Bentley Ballads", which passed through several editions. In 1859 he produced "New Pictures and Old Panels". Nearly at the same time he published for the first time from the original manuscripts, in 2 vols., "The Last Journals of Horace Walpole".

paragraph: In 1860 appeared Doran's "Book of the Princes of Wales", and in 1861 his "Memoir of Queen Adelaide". In 1860 Doran published his most elaborate work, "Their Majesties' Servants", a history of the English stage, of which a new edition was issued in 1887, revised by Robert W. Lowe. "Saints and Sinners, or in the Church and about it", appeared in 1868. In the same year he edited Henry Tuckerman's "The Collector", a series of essays on books, newspapers, pictures, inns, authors, doctors, holidays, actors, and preachers. Immediately after the raising of the siege of Paris he brought out "A Souvenir of the War of 1870–1".

paragraph: In 1873 he published "A Lady of the Last Century", on Elizabeth Montagu. Three years later he published, in 2 vols. "Mann and Manners at the Court of Florence, 1740–86", based on the letters of Sir Horace Mann to Horace Walpole. Also in 2 vols. was "London in the Jacobite Times"(1877). "Memories of our Great Towns, with Anecdotic Gleanings concerning their Worthies and their Oddities" (1878) was a humorous volume. His final publication was produced as a serial contribution to "Temple Bar", and published posthumously in 1885 as "In and about Drury Lane", a kind of appendix to "Their Majesties' Servants".

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: On 3 July 1834 he married at Reading Emma, the daughter of Captain Gilbert, R.N., and settled down for a time in Hay-a-Park Cottage, at Knaresborough. He left an only son, Alban Doran, F.R.C.S., and an only daughter, Florence, married to Andreas Holtz of Twyford Abbey, near Ealing.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

description: English editor and writer

wikidata_label: John Doran

wikipedia_title: John Doran (writer)


text:
first baseman
Major League Baseball
Chicago White Sox
Atlanta Braves
Philadelphia Phillies
Rule 5 draft
Baltimore Orioles
home run
drove in
scoring
Triple-A
Charlotte
Chicago White Sox
2005 World Series
Atlanta Braves
2012 season
Larry Parrish
Harry Spilman

categories: Major League Baseball hitting coaches,Atlanta Braves coaches,Chicago White Sox players,Atlanta Braves scouts,Edmonton Trappers players,1959 births,Major League Baseball first basemen,Peninsula Pilots players,People from Douglas, Georgia,Appleton Foxes players,Chicago White Sox coaches,Baltimore Orioles players,Auburn Phillies players,Rochester Red Wings players,Baseball players from Georgia (U.S. state),Glens Falls White Sox players,Living people

paragraph: Greg Walker (baseball)

paragraph: Gregory Lee Walker (born October 6, 1959) is a former power-hitting first baseman in Major League Baseball (MLB). He played in MLB from 1982 to 1990. He is the former hitting coach of the Chicago White Sox, the team for which he played all but the last 14 games of his career, until leaving the White Sox to become the hitting coach for the Atlanta Braves, a position he held from 2012 until 2014.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.

paragraph: Walker was drafted by the Philadelphia Phillies in 1977. He was selected by the White Sox in the Rule 5 draft in 1979. He was called up to the major leagues in 1982 and spent almost his entire MLB playing career with the White Sox. In 1988 he had a seizure on the field at Comiskey Park during fielding practice. He was released by Chicago early in the 1990 season and subsequently signed with the Baltimore Orioles. Baltimore released him shortly thereafter.

paragraph: Over his career, Walker hit 113 home runs and drove in 444 runs, while scoring 368 times.

paragraph: Section::::Coaching career.

paragraph: When he began his coaching career, he did so with the White Sox Triple-A club in Charlotte. In 2003, he joined the parent club as hitting coach.

paragraph: After nine seasons serving as the hitting coach of the Chicago White Sox, including their victory in the 2005 World Series, it was announced on October 21, 2011 that Walker was hired by the Atlanta Braves to serve as their hitting coach for the 2012 season. Walker filled the role vacated by the firing of Larry Parrish. Walker resigned in September 2014, as the team compiled a .241 batting average, 573 runs, 123 home runs, and 1,369 strikeouts, struggling mightily in the final month of the season. He returned to the Braves as a special assistant of baseball operations in February 2015.

paragraph: Section::::Personal.

paragraph: Walker is a cousin of Harry Spilman, a former MLB player.

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Greg Walker

wikipedia_title: Greg Walker (baseball)


text:
Scottish
bantamweight
boxer
fight
Lanark
Scotland
BBBofC
skiffed
Drew Docherty
Glasgow
super bantamweight
York Hall
London
Frank Warren
MRI
Newmains
North Lanarkshire

categories: 1995 deaths,1969 births,Bantamweight boxers,Scottish male boxers,Deaths due to injuries sustained in boxing,Sport deaths in Scotland

paragraph: James Murray (boxer)

paragraph: James Murray (7 December 1969 – 15 October 1995) was a Scottish professional bantamweight boxer. He died as a result of injuries sustained in his last fight.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Murray was born in Lanark, Scotland. He won the BBBofC Scottish Area bantamweight title in November 1994, and defended it once.

paragraph: On 13 October 1995, Murray was unknowingly a victim of a bleed in his brain; during the fight he was skiffed and fell to the floor of the ring and had a seizure. This match was against Drew Docherty for the BBBofC British bantamweight title fight at the Hospitality Inn in Glasgow. He died of brain injuries two days later, aged 25. Murray compiled a 15-win (5 by knockout), 2-loss, no draws record.

paragraph: Prior to that, Bradley Stone died of a brain hemorrhage after he lost his fight for the BBBofC British super bantamweight title at the York Hall in London in April 1994. Frank Warren who promoted Murray's last fight established the Murray Stone Fund named after those two boxers to finance the MRI scan for every British fighter.

paragraph: A bronze statue of Murray was erected in Newmains, North Lanarkshire, Scotland in the following year.

wikidata_label: James Murray

wikipedia_title: James Murray (boxer)


text:
singer-songwriter
Saint Mary, Jamaica
Kingston, Jamaica
sound systems
Kingston
Tenor Saw
Lover Girl
Give Me the Reason
Passion
Billboard
greatest hits album
Raw, the Best of Lady Saw
99 Ways
Smile
Vitamin C
"Billboard" Hot 100
No Doubt
Underneath It All
Grammy Award
Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs
infertility
Walk Out
greatest hits album
My Way
Nicki Minaj
Trina
Amazin'
extended play
Gospel
Beres Hammond
Flo Rida
Ali Campbell
Singing Melody
Baptism
slack
double standard
Lover Girl
Give Me The Reason
Passion
99 Ways
Strip Tease
Walk Out
My Way

categories: Dancehall musicians,People from Saint Mary Parish, Jamaica,1972 births,Living people,Reggae fusion artists,Jamaican reggae musicians

paragraph: Marion Hall

paragraph: Marion Hall (born 12 July 1972; formerly known by the stage name Lady Saw) is a Jamaican singer-songwriter whose career has spanned over two decades.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Hall was born in Galina, Saint Mary, Jamaica in 1972. As a child, she attended Galina Primary School. During her teen years, she had a sewing job at The Free Zone in Kingston, Jamaica. At the age of fifteen, she began performing with local sound systems. She went on to work with the Stereo One system in Kingston.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:1987–1995: "Lover Girl".

paragraph: In 1987, Hall took the name "Lady Saw" after the famous Jamaican singer Tenor Saw, who inspired her music. Her performances brought her to the attention of record producers and she recorded her first single for producer Piper, and "Love Me or Lef Me", produced by Olive Shaw received significant airplay. She had her first hit with "If Him Lef" and she topped the Jamaican charts with "Find a Good Man". After her music success on Jamaican radio, she began recording her first studio album. In August 1994, Saw released her first album entitled "Lover Girl". The album spawned the hit "Stab Up De Meat".

paragraph: Section::::Career.:1996–1997: "Give Me a Reason" and "Passion".

paragraph: In 1996, Saw released her second album "Give Me the Reason". The album became known for its explicit sexual lyrics which was showcased on songs "Life Without Dick" and "Name Nuh Stand Fi Sex". The album spawned the singles: "Give Me a Reason", "Good Wuk", and "Condom".

paragraph: In June 1997, Saw released "Passion". The album charted at number 8 on Billboard's Top Reggae Albums chart, becoming her first album to chart. The album spawned the singles: "Healing" and "Sycamore Tree".

paragraph: Section::::Career.:1998–2003: "99 Ways".

paragraph: In February 1998, Saw released her first greatest hits album entitled "Raw, the Best of Lady Saw". In December 1998, Saw released her fourth album "99 Ways", which charted at number 10 on Billboard's Top Reggae Albums chart.

paragraph: In 1999 she had a major hit in the United States with "Smile", recorded with Vitamin C, which peaked at number 18 on the "Billboard" Hot 100, also a major hit in New Zealand and Canada, and certified gold with over 500,000 sales. In 2002, her collaboration with No Doubt, "Underneath It All", which reached number three in the US and sold more than three million copies, reaching triple platinum certification. The track won a Grammy Award for 'Best Performance by a Duo or Group'.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:2004–2007: "Strip Tease" and "Walk Out".

paragraph: In August 2004, Lady Saw released her fifth album "Strip Tease". The album charted at number 84 on Billboard's Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and number 14 Billboard's Top Reggae Albums chart. The lead single "I've Got Your Man" garnered much worldwide success and charted at number 58 on Billboard's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. The album also spawn the singles: "Man is the Least", "Move Your Body", and "Loser".

paragraph: In March 2007, Saw released the single "No Less Than a Woman (Infertility)". The song addressed the many problems that women have involving infertility. In April 2007, Saw released her sixth album "Walk Out", which peaked at number 8 on the Top Reggae Albums chart. Saw released two more singles: "Chat to Mi Back" and "Me and My Crew (The Rae)". Later that year, she performed on the main stage at Jamaica's annual Reggae Sumfest.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:2009–2015: "My Way" and "Alter Ego".

paragraph: In 2009, Saw released her second greatest hits album entitled "Extra Raw: The First Lady of Dancehall". She launched her own record label, Divas Records, in January 2010. In August 2010, Saw released the lead single "Party Till December" from her forthcoming album. In December 2010, she released "My Way", which failed to chart. In the same year, Lady Saw was also featured along with Nicki Minaj on rapper Trina's song "Dang A Lang" from her album Amazin'. In May 2011, she released a single "When Mi Left a Man".

paragraph: In 2012, she released an extended play entitled "Two Man". In October 2012, Saw released a single "Heels On". In November 2012 she announced that she was turning her back on dancehall and would be concentrating on Gospel music in the future. In August 2013, Saw released a single "Nuh Tek Mi Man".

paragraph: In 2014, she released her album "Alter Ego", which features guest appearances from Beres Hammond, Flo Rida, and Ali Campbell. The album charted at number 6 on the Top Reggae Albums chart. In the same year, she established The Lady Saw Foundation; which aims to help abused and needy women.

paragraph: In March 2015, she released a single "Scammer". In May 2015, Saw released the single "Incline Thine Ears". In June 2015, she released a two singles "Last Night" and "The Devil Have a Way". In August 2015, Saw released a single "The Day Will Never Come". In September 2015, she released the single "Likkle Bit". In November 2015, Singing Melody released the single "Beneath Your Beautiful", which featured Lady Saw. On 6 November 2015, she released her second extended play entitled, "Lady Saw: Special Edition". In December 2015, she released a single "Lay On Your Body".

paragraph: Section::::Career.:2016–present: Conversion to Christianity and retirement from Dancehall music.

paragraph: On December 15, 2015, Saw underwent a Baptism. She later stated she will no longer identify herself as "Lady Saw", but instead as Minister Marion Hall or simply Marion Hall. She also stated that she will not perform dancehall music, but instead she will begin a new music career in gospel music. She has released a few gospel songs; "Jesus In The End", "Cup of Blessings", "God Almighty", and "Heaven" which appear on several mixtapes. In July 2016, she released her gospel album "When God Speaks".

paragraph: In June 2018, Hall released the lead single "I'm Gonna Fast" from her album "His Grace". The album was released on July 20, 2018.

paragraph: Section::::Style.

paragraph: Lady Saw became known for slack performance style. The style also prompted her to record "What is Slackness?"; a song in which she defines 'slackness' in many ways. Slackness often refers to vulgarity in Jamaican culture, behavior and the music. It always sums up the explicit sexual lyrics used in reggae and dancehall music. Because of this, several of her performances were banned in some parts of Jamaica, though equally lewd male performances were not. The double standard inspired her to record the song "Freedom of Speech" in protest. She also became known for her "conscious" lyrics. She recorded "Condom"; warning girls of the dangers of unprotected heterosexual sex.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lover Girl" (1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Give Me The Reason" (1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Passion" (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "99 Ways" (1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Strip Tease" (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Walk Out" (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "My Way" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Alter Ego" (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "When God Speaks" (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "His Grace" (2018)

description: Jamaican reggae singer

wikidata_label: Lady Saw

wikipedia_title: Marion Hall


text: Canadian

text: stringed instruments

text: Spanish guitar

text: ESA

text: Germany

text: Netherlands

text: Washington, D.C.

text: Transilience

text: Modes of Transportation Vol. 1

text: TVT Records

text: Don Kerr

text: Mark Plati

text: David Bowie

text: Pet Sounds

text: lo-fi

text: AIDS

text: Red Hot Organization

text: double album

text: John McEntire

text: Tortoise

text: The Sea and Cake

text: Mechanical Royalty

text: Exclaim!

text: AUX Television

text: Brendan Canning

text: Broken Social Scene

text: Hannah Krapivinsky

text: Foxfire

text: John McEntire

text: Tortoise

text: The Sea and Cake

text: Melissa Auf der Maur

text: Hole

text: The Smashing Pumpkins

text: Ariel Pink

text: Leslie Feist

text: Feist

text: Broken Social Scene

text: Denis Bélanger

text: Voivod

text: Maylee Todd

text: Rodrigo Gudiño

text: Ken Russell

text: Modes of Transportation Vol. 1

text: Wendy Mcdonald – Live in Japan EP

text: Brunch

text: Bed and Breakfast

text: Alone At The Zoo

text: Ausfahrt Walsrode EP

text: Mechanical Royalty

text: "These days are old"

text: "Wendy Mcdonald"

text: Spookey Ruben's Official Website

text: Hi-Hat's Website

text: Official Myspace Page

categories: York University alumni,Canadian indie rock musicians,1972 births,Chamber pop musicians,Canadian experimental filmmakers,Canadian indie pop musicians,TVT Records artists,Art pop musicians,Musicians from Toronto,Living people,Musicians from Ottawa

paragraph: Spookey Ruben

paragraph: Spookey Ruben (born Alan Deil) is a Canadian musician, producer, songwriter, composer, and filmmaker. Best known for his song and music video "These Days Are old", Dell's songwriting and eccentric production techniques often contrast high and low vocals, analogue keyboards, found sounds, sampled beats and stringed instruments such as electric and Spanish guitar. Spookey has released seven full-length solo albums.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Due to his father's work as an ESA space engineer Spookey grew up in Germany, the Netherlands, and Washington, D.C. In his childhood, Spookey's parents insisted he take up an instrument and so he chose classical guitar. At age 13 he got his hands on his first electric guitar and spent the remainder of his teenage years playing in an array of hardcore and speed metal bands (most notably Transilience). It was at this time that he received his nickname "Spooky", a result of his high-school friends teasing him about his appearance with his long hair and Satanic T-shirts. At age 19 he moved to Toronto and enrolled in film school at York University, but kept musical ideas rolling on a four-track recorder.

paragraph: Section::::Recording artist.

paragraph: Spookey's home recording experiments led to the making of his solo debut album "Modes of Transportation Vol. 1" (TVT Records) which was partially engineered and mixed by Gadi Foltys, Don Kerr, Brad Nelson and Mark Plati (David Bowie). International critical acclaim followed, hailing the album as the ""Pet Sounds" of the 90s" and "lo-fi pop masterpiece". In 1996, Ruben contributed to the AIDS benefit album "" produced by the Red Hot Organization. Disputes with TVT resulted in his leaving the label and years of apparent silence. Eventually, Ruben simultaneously released two separate CDs entitled "Bed" and "Breakfast" (Hi-Hat/Zomba) that were later repackaged as a double album. "Alone at the Zoo", co-produced by John McEntire of Tortoise/The Sea and Cake was released as a special limited album of demos in 2003. On June 16, 2009 his full-length album, "Mechanical Royalty", was released in Canada on Hi-Hat/Sonic Unyon. He has since released a new EP, "Shackleton" and is playing live dates in North America and Europe.

paragraph: Section::::Filmmaker.

paragraph: In 2008, Spookey Ruben began filming a series of short films (Spookey Ruben's Dizzy Playground) for Exclaim! and AUX Television. There have been seven episodes, which include musicians from various bands.

paragraph: Episodes

paragraph: BULLET::::- Omen of the Goblet – Featuring "Brendan Canning" of "Broken Social Scene"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Exit to Panama – Featuring "Hannah Krapivinsky" and "Anna Edwards" of "Foxfire"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Space Package – Featuring "John McEntire" of "Tortoise/The Sea and Cake"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cavity Central – Featuring "Melissa Auf der Maur" of "Hole/The Smashing Pumpkins"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Natural Born Grannies – Featuring "Ariel Pink"

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Adventures of Spaghetti Cowboy - Featuring "Leslie Feist" of "Feist/Broken Social Scene"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Puzzleface - Featuring "Denis Bélanger" of "Voivod", "Maylee Todd", "Rodrigo Gudiño" and legendary film director "Ken Russell"

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Modes of Transportation Vol. 1" (tvt records 1995, quattro Japan 1996, intercord Germany 1996, emi uk 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wendy Mcdonald – Live in Japan EP" (tvt records 1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Modes of Transportation Vol. 2: What's a Boy to do?" (quattro Japan 1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Brunch" (quattro Japan 2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bed and Breakfast" (hi-hat/zomba – released separately in 2002, 2003 then repackaged in 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Alone At The Zoo" (hi-hat 2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ausfahrt Walsrode EP" (lamm/universal 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mechanical Royalty" (hi-hat/sonic unyon – special edition EP 2008; full length edition 2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Shackleton" (hi-hat – special limited edition EP 2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Welsh Rarebits" (hi-hat 2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "MODES III" (hi-hat 2016)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Singles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ""These days are old" (1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Running Away" (1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wendy Mcdonald" (1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Brand New Game" (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Shauna" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Glenn Take Care" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Are There Any People You Don't Love?" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Superpoke" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mr Everywhere" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Midsummer Dropout" (2019)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Spookey Ruben's Official Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hi-Hat's Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Myspace Page

description: Canadian musician

wikidata_label: Spookey Ruben

wikipedia_title: Spookey Ruben


text:
American football
wide receiver
Oakland Raiders
National Football League
college football
The University of Alabama at Birmingham
Arizona Cardinals
2015 NFL Draft
Midfield High School
football
track & field
100-meter dash
200-meter dash
basketball
2014 College Football All-America Team
Walter Camp Foundation
USA Today
CBS Sports
kick returner
Conference USA
special teams
wide receiver
Chris Johnson
Arizona Cardinals
2015 NFL Draft
Cincinnati Bengals
Carson Palmer
Indianapolis Colts
Oakland Raiders
UAB Blazers Bio
Arizona Cardinals bio

categories: Living people,American football wide receivers,American football return specialists,People from Jefferson County, Alabama,1992 births,Players of American football from Alabama,Arizona Cardinals players,UAB Blazers football players,All-American college football players

paragraph: J. J. Nelson

paragraph: Jamarcus Jermaine "J. J." Nelson (born April 24, 1992) is an American football wide receiver for the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for The University of Alabama at Birmingham and was drafted by the Arizona Cardinals in the fifth round of the 2015 NFL Draft.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Nelson attended Midfield High School, where he was coached by The Birmingham News All-Metro West Coach of the Year Ruben Nelson. He helped lead his football team to the state Class 4A quarterfinals after finishing 11-2 during the regular season in 2009, recording 55 catches, 1,049 yards, 214 yards rushing, five interceptions, and 19 touchdowns. He was named The Birmingham News Metro-West Player of the Year. He was listed as the No. 27 state prospect on Birmingham News Super Seniors list and was selected to The Birmingham News All-Metro West Offensive Team. He was also named to the ASWA First Team All-State.

paragraph: As a track & field star, Nelson was a two-time Class 4A state champion in the 100-meter dash (best of 10.49 seconds). He also captured the 200-meter dash title with a time of 21.76 seconds. In addition, he was a highly regarded basketball player for Midfield, earning team MVP and All-region honors. He was a two-year letterwinner in both track and basketball.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Nelson was named a member of the 2014 College Football All-America Team by the Walter Camp Foundation, "USA Today", and CBS Sports as a kick returner. Nelson was also Conference USA special teams player of the year and first-team All-conference as a wide receiver.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: At the 2015 NFL Scouting Combine, Nelson had the fastest 40-yard dash with a time of 4.28 seconds, .04 seconds shy of the then-combine record of 4.24 seconds held then by Chris Johnson.

paragraph: Nelson was drafted by the Arizona Cardinals in the fifth round, 159th overall, in the 2015 NFL Draft.

paragraph: On November 22, 2015, in a game against the Cincinnati Bengals, Nelson scored his first career touchdown with a pass from quarterback Carson Palmer. He finished his rookie year with 11 receptions for 299 yards and two touchdowns.

paragraph: In 2016, Nelson played in 15 games with six starts, recording 34 catches for 568 yards and six touchdowns. He also had four rushing attempts for 83 yards and a touchdown including a run for 56 yards for the touchdown in Week 14.

paragraph: In Week 2 of the 2017 season, Nelson recorded five receptions for 120 yards, including a 45-yard touchdown catch in Arizona's 16–13 overtime win over the Indianapolis Colts. Nelson finished as the Week 2 yardage leader among all eligible receivers and won NFC Offensive Player of the Week.

paragraph: In 2018, Nelson had a career-low seven receptions for 64 yards and no touchdowns on the season.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Oakland Raiders.

paragraph: On March 15, 2019, Nelson signed with the Oakland Raiders.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- UAB Blazers Bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arizona Cardinals bio

alias:
J.J. Nelson
JJ Nelson

description: All-American college football player, wide receiver, return specialist

wikidata_label: J. J. Nelson

wikipedia_title: J. J. Nelson


text:
HEC Paris
Gabriel Ramanantsoa
HEC Paris
Bilderberg Group
EuropaNova

categories: 1948 births,Living people,Business school deans,French people of Malagasy descent,HEC Paris alumni,Supaéro alumni,Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur

paragraph: Bernard Ramanantsoa

paragraph: Bernard Ramanantsoa (born 26 November 1948) was the Dean of HEC Paris between 1996 and 2015.

paragraph: Ramanantsoa is the nephew of Gabriel Ramanantsoa, former President of Madagascar. He and his two children are HEC Paris alumni.

paragraph: He is a member of the Bilderberg Group and administrator of EuropaNova.

paragraph: He will leave his position in 2015.

description: French academic

wikidata_label: Bernard Ramanantsoa

wikipedia_title: Bernard Ramanantsoa


text: sculptural

text: installations

text: African-American

text: Studio Museum in Harlem

text: Louisville, Kentucky

text: Catholic

text: parochial school

text: Estella Conwill Majozo

text: St. Meinrad, Indiana

text: Howard University

text: Sam Gilliam

text: Lois Mailou Jones

text: Skunder Boghossian

text: Kinshasha Holman Conwill

text: California

text: University of Southern California

text: Frank Lloyd Wright

text: Hollyhock House

text: Metropolitan Baptist Church

text: prostate cancer

text: Museum of Modern Art

text: etched-glass

text: rose window

text: Chartres

text: terrazzo

text: brass

text: New York Public Library

text: Langston Hughes

text: The Negro Speaks of Rivers

text: Yoruba

text: Haitian voodou

text: Christian

text: Joseph De Pace

text: York College, CUNY

text: concrete

text: inlay

text: oxidized

text: New York City

text: Statue of Liberty

text: Kongo

text: cosmogram

text: reincarnation

text: United States of America

text: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden

text: Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles

text: Studio Museum in Harlem

text: York College, CUNY

text: 125th Street

text: Jamaica, Queens

text: Harold Washington Library

text: Yerba Buena Gardens

text: Park West Station

text: Ted Weiss Federal Building

text: African Burial Ground National Monument

text: Los Angeles Municipal Art Gallery

text: Alternative Museum

text: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden

text: Prix de Rome

text: Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation

categories: 1947 births,African-American artists,Guggenheim Fellows,2016 deaths,Artists from Louisville, Kentucky,African-American sculptors

paragraph: Houston Conwill

paragraph: Houston Eugene Conwill (April 2, 1947 – November 14, 2016) was an American multidisciplinary artist known best for large-scale public sculptural installations. Conwill was a sculptor, painter, and performance and conceptual artist whose site-specific works explore and celebrate spirituality and African-American artists, activists, and intellectuals. Studio Museum in Harlem recognised his body of work as a "lasting monument to black culture."

paragraph: Section::::Early life and career.

paragraph: Houston Eugene Conwill was born on April 2, 1947, in Louisville, Kentucky, to Mary Luella Herndon, an educator, and Giles Adolph Conwill, a waiter. He was the third of their six children. His father died when he was a child and his maternal grandmother (Estella Houston, who he was named for) played an important role in his upbringing. Conwill was raised Catholic, his mother a teacher and administrator at a predominantly black parochial school. His sister Estella Conwill Majozo is an author, poet, and professor. At least one of his brothers, Giles Conwill, went on to join the priesthood. For a time, in his late teens, Conwill lived in a monastery in St. Meinrad, Indiana. He joined the Air Force in 1966 where he served three years until the fall of 1970 when he enrolled in Howard University's Art Department. During his time at Howard, Conwill worked with Sam Gilliam, Lois Mailou Jones, and Skunder Boghossian, and took in the displays of traditional African art exhibited in Howard's gallery. It was here, and in his first student exhibition in 1971, that Conwill started making works with canvases stretched over pyramid shapes, a motif that would recur throughout his artistic career. Conwill graduated from Howard in 1973 and moved with his wife, fellow Howard art school graduate Kinshasha Holman Conwill, to California. Houston pursued his master's degree from University of Southern California and Kinshasha worked at curator of Frank Lloyd Wright's Hollyhock House, where they lived for two years.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Conwill married Karen Holman (also known as Kinshasha Holman Conwill) in a Ghanaian ceremony at Metropolitan Baptist Church in Washington D.C. in 1971. Conwill died on November 14, 2016, of prostate cancer.

paragraph: Section::::Significant works.

paragraph: In 1989, Conwill produced an installation piece for the Museum of Modern Art's series, Projects, called "The Cakewalk Humanifesto: A Cultural Libation". An etched-glass frame, reminiscent of the rose window at Chartres, was etched with words and maps, projecting patterns on to the marble floor of the gallery. The piece also featured a table on which rested a book of letters, written by his sister, Estella. Readings of the letters were a component of the exhibition.

paragraph: Perhaps Conwill's most prominent work is his terrazzo and brass floor design at the New York Public Library's Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture. Unveiled in February 1992, the floor honors poet Langston Hughes whose ashes are buried in a book-shaped urn within the design. The work is called "Rivers", in reference to Hughes's poem "The Negro Speaks of Rivers", and includes visual elements from Yoruba, Haitian voodou, and Christian traditions. Conwill again collaborated with his sister, Estella, as well as architect Joseph De Pace.

paragraph: In 1986 "Arc", a large scale installation, was created by Conwill for the 160th Street entrance to the York College, CUNY campus. "Arc" has a 26-foot span, it is composed of metals, commonly known as "African brass", embedded in concrete. It is covered by inlays of various symbols rising out of the surface created by arc spraying, a technique in which an electric arc melts metal wires onto the surface. "Arc" is oxidized to a teal green color, similar to New York City's Statue of Liberty. The piece includes three inlaid metal circles embedded in nearby concrete pavements. Each circle has one word repeated twice in capital letters. ‘MEMORY’ is placed beneath the arch, followed by ‘VISION’ a few stairs over and then and few steps away is ‘IMAGINATION’. Each circle is divided into four equal sections with inlaid lines reminiscent of "Yowa," the Kongo cosmogram for the continuity of human life through reincarnation. Many symbols are used by Africans to represent the retention of their culture in the United States of America. Depending on the time of day and the sun’s position, "Arc's" shadow moves over the metal circles in the ground surrounding it.

paragraph: Conwill's work is the permanent collections of Museum of Modern Art in New York; the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington, DC; the Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles; and the Studio Museum in Harlem.

paragraph: Section::::Significant works.:List of selected works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Joyful Mysteries (1984–2034 A.D.)", (1984) at the Studio Museum in Harlem, New York,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Arc" (1986) at York College, CUNY, New York.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Open Secret", (1986) mezzanine of 125th Street, New York.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Cakewalk Humanifesto: A Cultural Libation" (1989) at MOMA, New York.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Poets Rise (1989)" exterior of Joseph P. Addabbo Federal Building, Jamaica, Queens, New York.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rivers" (1992) at the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, New York.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Du Sable’s Journey" (1991), with Estella Majoza and Joseph De Pace, in the Harold Washington Library, Chicago.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Revelation" (1993), also known as the "Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial", with Estella Majoza and Joseph De Pace, at Yerba Buena Gardens, San Francisco.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New Calypso" (1994), with Estella Conwill Majoza and Joseph De Pace, in Park West Station, Miami.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The New Ring Shout" (1995), in the Ted Weiss Federal Building (near the African Burial Ground National Monument), New York, New York.

paragraph: Section::::Selected exhibitions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1976 "JuJu," The Gallery, Los Angeles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1980 "Passages: Earth/Space H3," Nexus Gallery, Atlanta.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1981 "Easter Shout!," PS1, New York.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1982 "Afro-American Abstraction", Los Angeles Municipal Art Gallery, Los Angeles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1986 "Houston Conwill: The Passion of St. Matthew—Painting and Sculpture", Alternative Museum, New York.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1990 "Houston Conwill: Project Series", Museum of Modern Art, New York.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1990 "Hirshhorn WORKS 89: Daniel Buren, Buster Simpson, Houston Conwill, Matt Mullican / Sidney Lawrence, Ned Rifkin, and Phyllis Rosenzweig", Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, D.C.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1990 "The Decade Show: Frameworks of Identity in the 1980s", New Museum of Contemporary Art, Museum of Contemporary Hispanic Art, and Studio Museum in Harlem, New York.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013 "Now Dig This! Art and Black, Los Angeles 1960–1980", MOMA PS1, New York.

paragraph: Section::::Awards and honours.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1982 John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation fellowship

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1984 Prix de Rome

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987 Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation award

description: American artist

wikidata_label: Houston Conwill

wikipedia_title: Houston Conwill


text:
Wales
Powys
Owain Cyfeiliog
Powys Wenwynwyn
Llywelyn the Great
Gwynedd
John
Ceredigion
English
Owain Fychan
Powys Wenwynwyn
Maelgwn ap Rhys
Gruffydd ap Rhys II
Painscastle
Llywelyn the Great
King John
Gruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn
prince of an independent Wales
Llywelyn ap Gruffudd

categories: 1210s deaths,House of Mathrafal,Welsh princes,Year of birth unknown,13th-century Welsh monarchs,12th-century Welsh monarchs,Monarchs of Powys

paragraph: Gwenwynwyn ap Owain

paragraph: Gwenwynwyn ab Owain Cyfeiliog (died c. 1216) was the last major ruler of mid Wales before the completion of the .

paragraph: Section::::Lineage.

paragraph: He ruled southern Powys from 1195, having taken control following the death of his father Owain Cyfeiliog.

paragraph: Section::::Conflict with Llywelyn the Great.

paragraph: His possession of Powys Wenwynwyn brought him into conflict with Llywelyn the Great, ruler of Gwynedd, who was keen to extend his own jurisdiction over the whole of Wales.

paragraph: Section::::Conflict with King John.

paragraph: King John favoured Gwenwynwyn until a marriage alliance was made between Llywelyn and John's illegitimate daughter. The two native princes then kept their distance until 1207. As a result of Gwenwynwyn's activities, John confiscated his lands, and Llywelyn seized Ceredigion, Aberystwyth, and Powys.

paragraph: Gwenwynwyn did not get his territory back for two years, but his resentment towards the English led him into an alliance with Llywelyn, which lasted from 1212 until 1216, when John restored some of Gwenwynwyn's property and the two Welsh princes fell out again.

paragraph: Section::::Main events.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1187 Attacks Carreghofa Castle at night with his brother Cadwallon, killing their uncle Owain Fychan

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1195 Becomes ruler of Powys Wenwynwyn

paragraph: BULLET::::- c. 1198 Assists Maelgwn ap Rhys in taking Aberystwyth castle and capturing his brother Gruffydd ap Rhys II. Gwenwynwyn hands Gruffydd over to the English

paragraph: BULLET::::- c. 1198 Raises a large army and besieges Painscastle. Gruffydd, released by the English, engages Gwenwynwyn with a large force and defeats him.

paragraph: BULLET::::- c. 1202 Swears allegiance to Llywelyn the Great

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1208 Arrested by King John and his lands annexed by Llywelyn.

paragraph: BULLET::::- c. 1210 Freed by John and recovers his possessions. He accompanies John on his expedition into Wales.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1211 Takes up arms for Llywelyn.

paragraph: BULLET::::- c. 1216 Deserts to John, pursued by Llywelyn who takes his lands, and takes refuge in Chester.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Llywelyn invaded Powys, and Gwenwynwyn is believed to have died or been killed that same year. He was survived by his son Gruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn whose actions in 1282 are blamed by many for the death of the last native prince of an independent Wales, Llywelyn ap Gruffudd.

description: King of kingdom of Powys

wikidata_label: Gwenwynwyn ap Owain

wikipedia_title: Gwenwynwyn ap Owain