text: baron

text: Prussia

text: nobleman

text: French Revolution

text: Kleve

text: abbé

text: Cornelius de Pauw

text: philosophe

text: Frederick II of Prussia

text: military academy

text: Berlin

text: National Constituent Assembly

text: Anacharsis

text: Jean-Jacques Barthélemy

text: livres

text: French Republic

text: tyranny

text: French Revolutionary Wars

text: the riots of 10 August

text: Jesus

text: abjuring

text: revealed religion

text: National Convention

text: capital punishment

text: King

text: Louis XVI

text: propaganda

text: Maximilien Robespierre

text: Jacobin Club

text: Committee of Public Safety

text: Hébertists

text: guillotine

text: Vincent

text: Ronsin

text: Momoro

text: Revolutionary Republic

text: London

text: Nicolas-Sylvestre Bergier

categories: 18th-century essayists,Executed Dutch people,Atheism activists,German emigrants to France,French male essayists,18th-century French writers,Executed German people,Deputies to the French National Convention,People from the Duchy of Cleves,18th-century male writers,Executed people from North Rhine-Westphalia,Barons of the Holy Roman Empire,French people of Dutch descent,French people executed by guillotine during the French Revolution,1755 births,French religious writers,1794 deaths,People from Kleve,French atheists,French essayists

paragraph: Anacharsis Cloots

paragraph: Jean-Baptiste du Val-de-Grâce, baron de Cloots (24 June 1755 – 24 March 1794), better known as Anacharsis Cloots (also spelled Clootz), was a Prussian nobleman who was a significant figure in the French Revolution. Perhaps the first to theorize world government, he was also an anarchist. He was nicknamed "orator of mankind", "citoyen de l'humanité" and "a personal enemy of God".

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life.

paragraph: Born near Kleve, at the castle of , he belonged to a noble Prussian family of Dutch origin. The young Cloots, heir to a great fortune, was sent to Paris at age eleven to complete his education, and became attracted to the theories of his uncle the "abbé" Cornelius de Pauw (1739–1799), "philosophe", geographer and diplomat at the court of Frederick II of Prussia. His father placed him in the military academy of Berlin, but he withdrew at the age of twenty and travelled through Europe, preaching his revolutionary philosophy and spending his money as a man of pleasure.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Revolution.

paragraph: On the breaking out of the Revolution, Cloots returned in 1789 to Paris, thinking the opportunity favorable for establishing his dream of a universal family of nations. On 19 June 1790 he appeared at the bar of the National Constituent Assembly at the head of thirty-six foreigners, and, in the name of this embassy of the human race, declared that the world adhered to the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen. After this, he was known as the orator of the human race, by which title he called himself, dropping that of baron, and substituting for his baptismal names the pseudonym of Anacharsis, from the famous philosophical romance of the "abbé" Jean-Jacques Barthélemy.

paragraph: In 1792 he placed 12,000 livres at the disposal of the French Republic for the arming of forty or fifty fighters in the cause of man against tyranny ("see French Revolutionary Wars"). After the riots of 10 August he became an even more prominent supporter of new ideas, and declared himself "the personal enemy of Jesus Christ", abjuring all revealed religions.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Convention.

paragraph: In the same month he had the rights of French citizenship conferred on him; and, having in September been elected a member of the National Convention, he voted in favor of capital punishment for King Louis XVI, justifying it in the name of the human race, and was an active partisan of the war of propaganda.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Execution.

paragraph: Excluded at the insistence of Maximilien Robespierre from the Jacobin Club, he remained a foreigner in many eyes. When the Committee of Public Safety levelled accusations of treason against the Hébertists, they also implicated Cloots to give substance to their charge of a foreign plot. Although his innocence was manifest, he was condemned and subsequently guillotined on 24 March 1794. He incongruously followed Vincent, Ronsin, Momoro and the rest of the Hébertist leadership to the scaffold, in front of the largest crowd ever assembled for a public execution.

paragraph: Section::::Thought.

paragraph: Cloots was an original political thinker who crafted his own interpretation of the meaning of the French Revolution. He was a proponent of the world state, and he sought to promote a more broad-minded and internationalist understanding of the Revolution's potential. He imagined the institutions of the world state along the lines of those of the French Revolutionary Republic. Cloots's thought was expressed in several works, most importantly in his "Bases constitutionnelles de la République du genre humain".

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Certitude des preuves du mahométisme" (London, 1780), published under the pseudonym of "Ali-GurBer", in answer to Nicolas-Sylvestre Bergier's "Certitude des preuves du christianisme"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "L'Orateur du genre humain, ou Dépêches du Prussien Cloots au Prussien Herzberg" (Paris, 1791)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La République universelle ou adresse aux tyrannicides" (1792).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Adresse d'un Prussien à un Anglais" (Paris, 1790), 52 p.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bases constitutionnelles de la République du genre humain" (Paris, 1793), 48 p.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Voltaire triomphant ou les prêtres déçus" (178?), 30 p. Attributed to Cloots.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Discours prononcé à la barre de l'Assemblée nationale par M. de Cloots, du Val-de-Grâce... à la séance du 19 juin 1790" (1790), 4 p.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Notes

paragraph: Sources

paragraph: BULLET::::- "In turn, it cites as references:"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Avenel, Georges (1865), "Anacharsis Cloots, l'orateur du genre humain", 2 vols., Paris: reprint Editions Champ Libre, 1976

paragraph: BULLET::::- H. Baulig's articles in "La Révolution française", tome 41 (1901)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Labbé, François (1999), "Anarchasis Cloots, le Prussien francophile. Un philosophe au service de la Révolution française et universelle", Paris, L'Harmattan, coll. l'Allemagne d'ier et d'aujourd'hui, 546 p.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Book review by Annie Duprat, «Anarchasis Cloots, le Prussien francophile. Un philosophe au service de la Révolution française et universelle», in "Annales historiques de la Révolution française", Numéro 324, [En ligne], mis en ligne le : 10 avril 2006. URL : . Consulté le 21 octobre 2006.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mortier, Roland (1995), "Anacharsis Cloots ou L'utopie foudroyée", Paris: Stock, 350 p.

alias: Baron de Cloots Jean-Baptiste du Val-de-Grâce Cloots

alias: Baron de Cloots Jean-Baptiste du Val-de-Grace Cloots

description: Prussian noble

wikidata_label: Anacharsis Cloots

wikipedia_title: Anacharsis Cloots


text:
Vietnam
Revival Lê dynasty
courtesy name
Trịnh Căn
Lê Duy Đường

wikipedia_title:
Names of Vietnam
Revival Lê dynasty
Courtesy name
Trịnh Căn
Lê Dụ Tông

categories: 1716 deaths,Lê dynasty emperors,1663 births

paragraph: Lê Hy Tông

paragraph: Lê Hy Tông (黎熙宗, 1663 - 1716) was the Vietnamese tenth emperor of Revival Lê dynasty.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Lê Hy Tông has a birth name Lê Duy Hạp (黎維祫) and courtesy name Duy Thịnh (維𥘺). He was born in 1663 and reigned from 1675 to 1705 as emperor, then he was succeeded by his son as king and reigned 1705-16 as the Retired Emperor. He was the figurehead king under the power of lord Trịnh Căn who ruled 1682 - 1709.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: He had issue, including two sons : Lê Duy Đường and Lê Duy Chúc.

description: King of Vietnam

wikidata_label: Lê Hy Tông

wikipedia_title: Lê Hy Tông


text:
Swedish
footballer
Åtvidabergs FF
forward

wikipedia_title:
Sweden
Association football
Åtvidabergs FF
Forward (association football)

categories: Living people,Association football forwards,Gefle IF players,1994 births,Swedish footballers,Allsvenskan players,Swedish people of American descent

paragraph: Emil Bellander

paragraph: Emil Bellander (born 5 January 1994) is a Swedish footballer who plays for Åtvidabergs FF as a forward.

description: Footballer

wikidata_label: Emil Bellander

wikipedia_title: Emil Bellander


text:
footballer
winger
LA Galaxy
MLS
Right to Dream Academy
Cate School
Carpinteria, California
Gatorade Player of the Year award
Alexi Lalas
high school
University of California, Santa Barbara
Manchester City F.C.
college soccer
UC Santa Barbara Gauchos men's soccer
USL Premier Development League
Ventura County Fusion
Allsvenskan
Helsingborgs IF
Atlantic Ocean
LA Galaxy
Major League Soccer
Colorado Rapids
Mike Magee
Real Salt Lake
2016 MLS Cup Playoffs
Real Salt Lake
Javier Morales
Joao Plata
Landon Donovan
Lionel Messi
Bruce Arena
CNN

wikipedia_title: Secondary education in the United States

categories: Sportspeople from Accra,LA Galaxy players,Ghanaian expatriate sportspeople in Sweden,Right to Dream Academy players,Ghanaian footballers,Helsingborgs IF players,Ghanaian expatriate footballers,Major League Soccer players,Association football forwards,1994 births,Expatriate footballers in Sweden,UC Santa Barbara Gauchos men's soccer players,People from Carpinteria, California,Allsvenskan players,Living people,Association football midfielders

paragraph: Emmanuel Boateng (footballer, born 1994)

paragraph: Emmanuel Agyenim "Ema" Boateng (born 17 January 1994) is a Ghanaian professional footballer who currently plays as a winger for LA Galaxy in MLS.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Boateng was born and raised in Ghana in a home that lacked running water and electricity. As a preteen, he was selected to join the Right to Dream Academy where he combined academic studies with football training.

paragraph: In 2009 at the age of 15, Boateng moved to the United States on a scholarship to attend Cate School in Carpinteria, California. In addition to playing for the Cate School team, he also appeared for other local youth sides in Santa Barbara Soccer Club and South Coast Strikers. Boateng received the 2012 Gatorade Player of the Year award, presented to him by former winner Alexi Lalas, and became the first recipient in Cate School's 100+ year history across all sports. He skipped his final year of high school to enroll early at the University of California, Santa Barbara, despite professional interest from Manchester City F.C. to sign him on professional terms.

paragraph: While at UCSB, Boateng played college soccer for the UC Santa Barbara Gauchos men's soccer team. In his first year in 2012, he appeared in 18 games, scoring 4 goals and adding 4 assists.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Early career.

paragraph: During the summer of 2013, he played with USL Premier Development League side Ventura County Fusion while still enrolled in college. He appeared in 5 games for the Fusion, scoring once.

paragraph: After receiving an invitation to train with Swedish Allsvenskan side Helsingborgs IF later that summer, Boateng paid for his own airplane ticket across the Atlantic Ocean to be able to visit the club. He made a big impression and soon thereafter they signed him to a three-and-a-half-year contract in July 2013. He would appear in 37 Allsvenskan matches over his three seasons with the club, scoring 4 times.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:LA Galaxy.

paragraph: Boateng was transferred to LA Galaxy of Major League Soccer in January 2016. He made his debut against the Colorado Rapids on 12 March 2016, where he replaced Mike Magee, but was unable to save the Galaxy from a 1–0 loss. He scored his first goal for the club on 23 April 2016 against Real Salt Lake, helping the Galaxy to a 5–2 victory, while also notching two assists. This performance earned him Player of the Week honors. Boateng scored his second goal of the season on 7 September, the first goal of a 3–3 draw at RSL.

paragraph: During the 2016 MLS Cup Playoffs, in LA's knockout round match against Real Salt Lake, Boateng fouled Javier Morales, conceding a penalty which was successfully taken by Joao Plata to tie the game at 1. However, Boateng atoned for his mistake by scoring two goals within eight minutes, leading Galaxy to a 3–1 win. After the game, teammate Landon Donovan compared Boateng's first goal to Lionel Messi, saying that "he has that in him", while manager Bruce Arena described his performance as an "excellent, break out game".

paragraph: Boateng's contract with LA Galaxy concluded at the end of their 2018 season. Boateng re-signed with Galaxy on 14 January 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: His story was featured in "The Beautiful Game", a 2012 documentary about football in Africa, and on CNN's report on the Right to Dream Academy.

paragraph: It was reported that Boateng received his U.S. citizenship in 2016.

paragraph: Outside of football, Boateng's ambition is to become a doctor. He speaks three languages.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- UC Santa Barbara player profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- Right to Dream Academy player profile

description: Footballer

wikidata_label: Ema Boateng


text:
Bishop of Płock
Poland
AD
Canon
Bolesław II
Gniezno
Leszczyc
noble family
medieval
Polish
church
Bishop of Płock
Teutonic Knights
Wenceslaus of Płock
Pułtusk

categories: Bishops of Płock,Year of birth unknown,1333 deaths,14th-century Roman Catholic bishops,13th-century births

paragraph: Florian Laskary of Kościelec (Bishop of Płock)

paragraph: Bishop Florian Laskary z Kościelca was Bishop of Płock, Poland from 1317 until his death in 1333AD, He was also Canon of Duke Bolesław II and a chaplain at Gniezno.

paragraph: Born into the Leszczyc noble family, he had a successful career in the medieval Polish church. From 6 August 1299 he was chaplain of the Duke of Płock, Bolesław II and was a Bishop of Płock from 1318-1333.

paragraph: During his long episcopacy he tried to establish good relations with the Teutonic Knights but was one of the initiators of the conclusion of the Alliance between the Teutonic Knights and Duke Wenceslaus of Płock. He also began construction of the Bishop's Castle in Pułtusk, he died 21 June 1333 in Pułtusk.

description: Polish bishop

wikidata_label: Florian Laskary of Kościelec


text: FRSA

text: Festival of Britain

text: Concorde

text: Royal Yacht Britannia

text: Coventry Cathedral

text: Clarence House

text: Design Council

text: Textile Institute

text: Budapest

text: Vienna

text: Wiener Werkstätte

text: Bauhaus

text: Leeds University

text: City and Guilds Institute

text: Tootals

text: Stratford upon Avon

text: Clifford Chambers

text: Edward Molyneux

text: Queen Elizabeth

text: International Wool Secretariat

text: British textiles

text: Bauhaus

text: The Royal Shakespeare Theatre

text: Ernest Race

text: Gordon Russell

text: Robin Day

text: G Plan

text: Ercol

text: Council of Industrial Design

text: Percy Thomas

text: Hugh Casson

text: Sir Misha Black

text: The Royal Yacht Britannia

text: Time and Life Building

text: Heathrow

text: Arts Council UK

text: Renfrew Airport

text: Coventry Cathedral

text: World's Fair, Brussels

text: ICI

text: Milan Triennial

text: BOAC

text: Hawker Siddeley

text: Cunard

text: Bigelow and Sanford

text: Courtaulds

text: Vauxhall motor cars

text: Concorde

text: 11 Downing Street

text: Windsor Castle

text: Shakespeare Centre

text: Manchester University

text: The Board of Trade Westminster

text: Academy Cinema

text: Old Burlington Street

text: Sloane Street

text: Council of Industrial Design

text: Prince Philip

text: Pathe news

text: Shakespeare

text: Stratford upon Avon

text: Cymbeline

text: Oberon

text: Macbeth

text: Prospero

text: V&A

text: Denby

text: Council of Industrial Design

text: Frankfurt Kitchen

text: Jacob Bronowski

text: Norman Hartnell

text: Lord Montagu of Beaulieu

text: Coventry Transport Museum

text: Blue Peter

text: Frederic Lamond

text: V&A, London

text: ULITA, Leeds

text: Whitworth Art Gallery, Manchester

text: Geffrye Museum, London

text: Powerhouse Museum, Sydney

text: National Museum of Stockholm

text: Shakespeare Centre, Stratford upon Avon

categories: British textile designers,1916 births,1996 deaths

paragraph: Tibor Reich

paragraph: Tibor Reich ATI, FSIA, FRSA (1 October 1916 – 3 February 1996) was one of Britain's pioneering post-war textile designers. His company, Tibor Ltd., made its name by providing cutting-edge designs that were popular with both the public and featured in key post-war projects including The Festival of Britain, Concorde, Royal Yacht Britannia, Coventry Cathedral, Clarence House and the QE2. Reich was awarded a Design Council Award in 1957 and a Textile Institute Medal in 1973.

paragraph: Section::::Early Life/University.

paragraph: Born in Budapest in 1916, Tibor Reich was from a family of wealthy Jewish textile industrialists. Encouraged by his father, he drew prodigiously from a young age. In 1933 he left Budapest to study textile design and architecture in Vienna, where he was influenced by the legacy of the Wiener Werkstätte and the Bauhaus. With the rise of Nazism in 1937 Reich emigrated to Britain to study textiles at Leeds University.

paragraph: Then the world's leading centre for textile technology, science and woven design Reich achieved a first-class result in the City and Guilds Institute examination in Woolen and Worsted Weaving. It was here that he learnt to experiment and was awarded a Diploma in Textile Industries in September 1941, following the submission of a thesis entitled ‘The Economical Production of Novelty Fabrics’. After graduating from Leeds, Reich went to work for Tootals of Bolton, but left after a year.

paragraph: Section::::Tibor Ltd.

paragraph: In 1946 Reich moved to Stratford upon Avon and set up Tibor Ltd in a nineteenth-century mill at Clifford Chambers. From his studio he established a small weaving unit, where he set to work designing and manufacturing speciality fabrics. His early weaves were snapped up for dress couture including by the prestigious Edward Molyneux, who used them for their 1946 United States export collection because of their originality and colouration.

paragraph: In the same year 1947, he submitted one of his first hand woven furnishing fabric designs for selection by H.R.H. Princess Elizabeth, now H.M Queen Elizabeth. It was chosen as a wedding gift presented by the International Wool Secretariat.

paragraph: In the space of two years Reich was already employing over 50 staff and by 1948 had won a $100,000 order from Hambro House of Design in New York. By 1951 he was awarded a Certificate of Merit by the American Institute of Decorators.

paragraph: Section::::Deep Textured Weaves.

paragraph: Up until the early 1950s British textiles, in particular furnishing fabrics, showed little consideration to colour, texture and modern pattern, with most relying on traditional motifs, and woven in a simple process. Inspired by the Bauhaus and his pre-war training, Reich's Deep Textures were woven in such a way as to give a third dimension to the surface pattern. This new technique brought a ‘pattern out of texture’ and opened up the possibility of exploring and freeing colour from two dimensional surfaces.

paragraph: Michael Farr stated in 1954 that Reich had started a ‘new phase in the development of British modern design for woven textiles.’ As Sir Terrance Conran stated in 1957 “Tibor Reich is internationally known for his woven and printed textiles. The texture and weave of the cloth to be printed on are especially considered in his designs’

paragraph: Reich designed ‘Deep Textures’ for The Festival of Britain including The Southbank Festival Pavilions, Fairway Café, The Press Room, and The Royal Shakespeare Theatre, Stratford upon Avon, where he draped and upholstered the entire building. Major furniture manufacturers upholstered using Tibor fabrics including Ernest Race, Gordon Russell, Robin Day, Howard Keith, G Plan and Ercol.

paragraph: In 1952 Reich had his first solo major show named ‘Deep Textures with Rayon’ at The Rayon Industry Design Centre designed by Hulme Chadwick RDI. In 1954 Liberty, in conjunction with The Council of Industrial Design, held a solo show of Reich's work named ‘Adventure with Colour’, opened by Sir Percy Thomas. It would later travel around the UK.

paragraph: Reich was commissioned to drape many of the key post-war projects of the 50's. In 1954 Sir Hugh Casson and Sir Misha Black chose Tibor fabrics to drape The Royal Yacht Britannia and Time and Life Building. Other projects in the 1950s included London Airport (Heathrow), Arts Council UK, Berkeley and Washington Hotel, Renfrew Airport, Coventry Cathedral and the 1958 British Pavilion at the World's Fair, Brussels. In 1953 ICI commissioned Tibor to weave and design a tapestry for their coronation celebrations (also shown at the 10th Milan Triennial) and in 1958 Sanderson commissioned five tapestries to celebrate their 100th anniversary.

paragraph: Tibor fabrics were also commissioned by BOAC, Conair, Hawker Siddeley planes and Cunard ships including , , and . He also acted as a designer for Quayle and Tranter, Wilton, Denby, Stockwell, and Bigelow and Sanford, USA. Tibor also collaborated with Courtaulds on seating fabrics for Vauxhall motor cars.

paragraph: One of the commercial highlights for Tibor Ltd in the 1960s was a commission to design the first sets of upholstery and curtain fabrics for the Anglo-French Concorde. Five Jacquard upholstery cloths in natural and gold were used as curtaining fabrics along with two carpet designs.

paragraph: During the 1960s Tibor fabrics were also on the QE2 and in embassies, Royal Palaces, hotels, Nos. 10 and 11 Downing Street, Board of Trade Building, Windsor Castle, Shakespeare Centre and for The Hotel Piccadilly in Manchester over six miles of fabric was produced by Tibor.

paragraph: During the 1960s Reich was commissioned to create works for major British institutions. These often took the form of richly coloured glowing tapestries and included designs for Coventry Cathedral, Manchester University, a 100-metre tapestry for The Board of Trade Westminster and the Academy Cinema. Tibor had showrooms in Old Burlington Street and Sloane Street and were stocked globally from the US to Japan. By the 1960s Tibor Ltd was employing over 60 design staff and was the largest privately owned Textile Design studio in the UK. Tibor fabrics were produced in over eight mills throughout the country including Gregs Quarry Bank Mill, who part owned Tibor Ltd.

paragraph: Section::::Fotextur – Council of Industrial Design Award 1957.

paragraph: During the 1950s Reich, fed up with using a brush to imitate nature and feeling this method was repetitive set to work on experimenting with patterns deriving from photography. Whilst looking at a snapshot of his wife he noticed the light and shade patterns on a section of an old stone wall. In his dark room he set about distilling the pattern from the wall, henceforth starting the development of his new patented process ‘Fotextur.’ Through this process a pattern was produced by taking a photograph of a natural object or feature, making positive and negative prints from the photograph, and then re-arranging to make a design.

paragraph: In 1957 the Fotextur fabric ‘Flamingo’ was awarded a Council of Industrial Design award presented by Prince Philip in its inaugural year. Michael Farr wrote a seven-page article in "Design" calling it ‘revolutionary’ and observed that the Fotextur method although taking nature as its principal source, stepped beyond visual expressions that could be classified simply as floral or geometric. Indeed, he stated ‘Mr Reich has discovered a new way of seeing nature’ and in doing so created his own distinctive handwriting. Pathe news also featured a four-minute news reel on Fotextur.

paragraph: Fotextur was used on textiles, carpets, tiles, bags and pottery.

paragraph: Section::::Colotomic – Design Centre 1960.

paragraph: Launched at The Design Centre, Haymarket ‘Colotomic’ was an evolution of the Fotextur process. It featured a print named ‘Atomic’ that derived pattern from one of the first photographs ever taken of an atom-splitting experiment.

paragraph: It was however also unique for its use of colour. In 1953 Reich had trademarked a pre-pantone idea of systematic colour charting called Collingo. ‘Atomic’ came in fourteen colourways each colourway contained four tones of a single colour. There were three principle colour groups and each tone within each group of colour both contrasted and worked together. The range was intended to allow the consumer to mix colourways in one setting. In a three-page article for "Design" magazine Stephen Garrett stated ‘By careful selection of the colourways, it should be possible to get the exact overall colour effect that is wanted.’

paragraph: Section::::Shakespeare.

paragraph: Reich and Shakespeare crossed paths many times. His first brush was after moving to Stratford upon Avon and Clifford Mill in 1952 when he was chosen as part of Stratford's contribution to the Festival of Britain, to drape and upholster the new Shakespeare Memorial Theatre (RSC) He named the fabrics after Shakespearean characters: Cymbeline, Oberon, Macbeth, Prospero.

paragraph: In 1964, in celebration of Shakespeare's 400th Anniversary, Reich was commissioned by the Shakespeare Council to design and print a commemorative tapestry. His selection as the designer best suited to interpret the Shakespearean idiom in terms of modern fabrics also made him responsible for designing and weaving the fabrics and tapestries for the new Shakespeare Centre, which was opened by H.R.H. Duke of Edinburgh. His most famous tapestry was ‘Age of Kings’ and is now seen as an iconic 60s print and featured in the V&A collection.

paragraph: Section::::Pottery – Denby Tigo-Ware.

paragraph: Finding there was a noticeable lack of pottery which could co-ordinate with his Deep Textured fabric, in 1952 he designed his own studio pottery range called Tigo-Ware. Originally crafted from the back shed at their 600-year-old cottage its demand soon outgrew their facilities and was by 1954 produced in volume by Denby. The Council of Industrial Design included over fourteen of the Tigo pieces in their design review, which was an illustrated record of British designs of the highest standard.

paragraph: As a range it had a unique style that was essentially sophisticated, highlighted by flashes of gentle humour. Pieces ranged from utilitarian to sculptural. The expressing curving lines were enhanced by the tactile quality of black, lightly textured, matt-glazed surfaces. This was scratched using the scraffito technique to expose the white earthenware body beneath. Tigo-Ware bridged tradition with modernity. Pieces were often inspired by Hungarian folk art, yet re-interpreted in a modern 1950s style.

paragraph: Section::::Tibor House.

paragraph: Having trained in architecture in pre-war Vienna by 1956 Reich set to work on his own house. Drawing on Bauhaus ideas of functionality and movement the house was used as both laboratory and show-room where textiles, furniture, floor and wall coverings, paint-work and lighting were thoroughly tested and shown from a practical as well as an aesthetic point of view.

paragraph: The 1950s house confronts experimental glass with timber, innovative concrete, steel and atomic structures, indoor gardens and sliding doors. It also has one of Britain's most famous free standing mosaic fireplaces of the 1950s dubbed the ‘flaming onion,’ cabins for his children's bedrooms and refrigerated filing cabinets for the kitchen (inspired by the Frankfurt Kitchen). A lot of these ideas were later taken up by industry. Comments about the house in 1957 included “The first imaginative use of the English open fire in a modern home. Architects can now work on from here,” Dr Jacob Bronowski, in stark contrast to Sir Norman Hartnell who stated “Monstrous without beauty. Any view through that meanly constructed window would be more pleasing than the hideous room behind”

paragraph: Section::::Model Car Museum.

paragraph: Set up for his two sons, the museum was opened by Lord Montagu of Beaulieu in 1963. By the mid-1970s Tiatsa was the largest model car collection in Europe. It is now on display at Coventry Transport Museum and totals over 30,000 models. In 1984 the entire collection was showcased on BBC's "Blue Peter" programme.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: Tibor Reich died in 1996 aged 79 in Stratford Upon Avon. He was survived by his wife Freda Caplan, a concert pianist who was a pupil of Frederic Lamond and his four children.

paragraph: Section::::Museums.

paragraph: Tibor Reich's works are included in the archives of:

paragraph: BULLET::::- V&A, London

paragraph: BULLET::::- ULITA, Leeds

paragraph: BULLET::::- Whitworth Art Gallery, Manchester

paragraph: BULLET::::- Geffrye Museum, London

paragraph: BULLET::::- Powerhouse Museum, Sydney

paragraph: BULLET::::- National Museum of Stockholm

paragraph: BULLET::::- VADS, University of Brighton Design Archives

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shakespeare Centre, Stratford upon Avon

description: textile designer in Britain, born in Budapest, Hungary

wikidata_label: Tibor Reich

wikipedia_title: Tibor Reich


text:
Vancouver
British Columbia
Ontario
Louis Taylor
Vancouver History: list of mayors

categories: 1864 births,People from Ontario,1949 deaths,Mayors of Vancouver

paragraph: William Reid Owen

paragraph: William Reid Owen (25 November 1864 – 22 March 1949) was the 20th mayor of Vancouver, British Columbia in 1924. He was born in Ontario and moved to Vancouver in 1899.

paragraph: He became mayor after winning a narrow victory over Louis Taylor by 53 votes. He lost to Taylor the following year by 640 votes.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vancouver History: list of mayors, accessed 20 August 2006

description: Canadian mayor

wikidata_label: William Reid Owen

wikipedia_title: William Reid Owen


text:
Vancouver
British Columbia
Vancouver Board of Trade
Burslem, Staffordshire, England
Malkin Bowl
Stanley Park
Vancouver History: list of mayors

categories: Mayors of Vancouver,1959 deaths,People from Burslem,Burials at Mountain View Cemetery (Vancouver),1868 births

paragraph: William Harold Malkin

paragraph: William Harold Malkin (30 July 1868 – 11 October 1959) was the 21st mayor of Vancouver, British Columbia from 1929 to 1930, after serving as chairman of the Vancouver Board of Trade in 1902. He was born in Burslem, Staffordshire, England.

paragraph: He presided over a newly expanded Greater Vancouver which formed by merging the existing city of Vancouver with the municipalities of Point Grey and South Vancouver.

paragraph: Malkin was responsible for the construction of the Malkin Bowl in Stanley Park, and named it for his wife, Marion.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

description: Canadian mayor

wikidata_label: William Harold Malkin

wikipedia_title: William Harold Malkin


text:
Madrid
UCI Professional Continental team

categories: Living people,1994 births,Spanish male cyclists,Sportspeople from Madrid

paragraph: Gonzalo Serrano

paragraph: Gonzalo Serrano Rodríguez (born 17 August 1994 in Madrid) is a Spanish cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Professional Continental team .

paragraph: Section::::Major results.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2019

description: Spanish cyclist

wikidata_label: Gonzalo Serrano

wikipedia_title: Gonzalo Serrano


text:
Marseille
baritone
Paris Opéra
Operalia, The World Opera Competition
Opéra National de Lyon
Don Giovanni
Le Nozze di Figaro
Don Pasquale
L'Elisir d'Amore
Verdi
Wagner
Massenet
Puccini
l’ordre des arts et des lettres

categories: 1968 births,French operatic baritones,Living people,People from Marseille

paragraph: Ludovic Tézier

paragraph: Ludovic Tézier (born 1968 in Marseille) is a French operatic baritone.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Ludovic Tézier trained at the Paris Opéra’s École d’Art lyrique and at the Centre National d’Artistes Lyriques. He was a prizewinner at Operalia, The World Opera Competition in 1998. He made his debut with Lucerne Opera and then joined Opéra National de Lyon where he sang the title role in Mozart's "Don Giovanni" and the Count in the same composer's "Le Nozze di Figaro" as well as in Donizetti's "Don Pasquale" and "L'Elisir d'Amore". Tézier appears at many of the world's leading opera houses in a wide repertoire including works by Verdi, Wagner,Massenet,Puccini and others. He has given solo recitals and appeared in concerts in Vienna,Strasbourg, Paris and other cities and has participated in numerous recordings and DVD's of operas and other musical works. Ludovic Tézier was awarded the honour of being created a Chevalier de l’ordre des arts et des lettres.

description: French singer

wikidata_label: Ludovic Tézier

wikipedia_title: Ludovic Tézier


text:
Iron Butterfly
Philip Taylor Kramer
Iron Butterfly official website
Drumhead interview
Everything 2
Classic Bands
Drum solo In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida 2012

categories: Iron Butterfly members,Musicians from Washington, D.C.,Living people,American rock drummers

paragraph: Ron Bushy

paragraph: Ron Bushy (born September 23, 1945) is the drummer of the rock band Iron Butterfly. He is the only member of the group to appear on all six of their studio albums.

paragraph: Section::::Other bands.

paragraph: Magic (1977–1978): Bushy (drums) and Walter Kibbey (drums), Ron "Rocket" Ritchotte (guitar, vocals), former Iron Butterfly members Philip Taylor Kramer (bass, vocals) and Bill DeMartines (keyboards, vocals).

paragraph: Gold (1978–1980): Bushy (drums), Ritchotte (guitar, vocals), whose spot was later filled by Stuart Young (guitar, vocals), John Koehring (guitar, lead vocals), and Kramer (bass, vocals). They recorded one album in spring of 1979 that was never released.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Iron Butterfly official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Drumhead interview

paragraph: BULLET::::- Everything 2

paragraph: BULLET::::- Classic Bands

paragraph: BULLET::::- Drum solo In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida 2012

description: American drummer

wikidata_label: Ron Bushy

wikipedia_title: Ron Bushy


text:
freak
County Tyrone
Northern Ireland
Lough Neagh
Edinburgh
Piccadilly
Charing Cross
acromegaly
John Hunter
Hunterian Museum
Royal College of Surgeons
British Medical Journal
Len Doyal
Queen Mary, University of London
DNA
Mayor of Derry
NPR
All Things Considered
Change.org
Harvey Cushing
pituitary tumour
pituitary fossa
gigantism
"AIP" gene
Hilary Mantel
The Giant, O'Brien
Patrick Cotter O'Brien
Guinness Book of World Records
Charles Dickens
"David Copperfield"

categories: 1783 deaths,People with gigantism,People from County Londonderry,1761 births,Sideshow performers

paragraph: Charles Byrne (giant)

paragraph: Charles Byrne (1761–1783) or "The Irish Giant", was a man regarded as a curiosity or freak in London in the 1780s. Byrne's exact height is of some conjecture. Some accounts refer to him as being to tall, but skeletal evidence places him at just over .

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Byrne's family lived in a remote part of northeast County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, called Littlebridge, not far from the shores of Lough Neagh. It is said that Byrne had been conceived on top of a haystack, and that this was the cause of his great height. Little is known of Byrne's family other than that his parents were ordinary people, and that they were not unusually tall.

paragraph: By his late teens Byrne had decided to set off for Britain in pursuit of fame and fortune. Landing first in Scotland, he became an instant success. As Eric Cubbage has recounted, Edinburgh's "night watchmen were amazed at the sight of him lighting his pipe from one of the streetlamps on North Bridge without even standing on tiptoe."

paragraph: His celebrity spread as he made his way down northern England, arriving in London in early 1782, aged 21. Here he entertained paying audiences at rooms in Spring Garden-gate, then Piccadilly, and lastly Charing Cross. He was the toast of the town; a 6 May 1782 newspaper report bears out: "However striking a curiosity may be, there is generally some difficulty in engaging the attention of the public; but even this was not the case with the modern living Colossus, or wonderful Irish Giant."

paragraph: His gentle, likeable nature inspired an immense public fondness, and his celebrity life was constantly splashed across the newspapers of the day. "The wonderful Irish Giant...is the most extraordinary curiosity ever known, or ever heard of in history; and the curious in all countries where he has been shewn, pronounce him to be the finest display of Human nature they ever saw". By mid-1782 he had inspired a hit London stage show called "Harlequin Teague", or the Giant's Causeway.

paragraph: Byrne's great height was the result of a then-undiscovered growth disorder (known today as acromegaly or acromegalic gigantism), and his health declined sharply in his twenty-second year. He was also pickpocketed in this period while drinking in his local pub, the Black Horse; Byrne's worldly earnings were on his person in the form of banknotes, and were stolen. The loss of his earnings interacted with his failing health, and two months later Byrne died, at his lodgings, in June 1783, aged 22.

paragraph: Section::::After death.

paragraph: Byrne was living in London at the same time as the pre-eminent surgeon and anatomist John Hunter. Hunter had a reputation for collecting unusual specimens for his private museum, and Hunter had offered to pay Byrne for his corpse. As Byrne's health deteriorated, and knowing that Hunter wanted his body for dissection (a fate reserved at that time for executed criminals) and probable display, Byrne devised a plan.

paragraph: He made express arrangements with friends that when he died his body would be sealed in a lead coffin and taken to the coastal town of Margate and then to a ship for burial sea. Byrne's wishes were thwarted and his worst fears realised when Hunter (allegedly) arranged for the cadaver to be snatched on its way to Margate.

paragraph: Hunter then reduced Byrne's corpse to its skeleton and four years later put Byrne's skeleton on display in his Hunterian Museum. His 2.31-m (7 ft 7 in) skeleton was purchased in 1799 by the Hunterian Museum at the Royal College of Surgeons in London and it was then displayed for nearly two centuries.

paragraph: In 2011 calls were made in the "British Medical Journal" by Len Doyal, Emeritus Professor of Medical Ethics at Queen Mary, University of London, and law lecturer Thomas Muinzer to put an end to the unethical display of Byrne's skeleton at the museum and for it to be buried at sea "as Byrne intended for himself". The article argued that Byrne's DNA had been taken and could be used in further research, but that it was now time to respect Byrne's burial wishes and attempt to morally rectify what happened.

paragraph: A public poll conducted on the BMJ's website over December 2011—January 2012 in response to the article "Should the Skeleton of 'the Irish Giant' Be Buried at Sea?" by Doyal and Muinzer offered people the chance to vote on what they thought should happen to Byrne's remains. Doyal and Muinzer reported: "On the last count that we saw before voting ceased, 55.6% (310) voted for burial at sea; 13.17% (74) for removal from display and being kept for research; and 31.55% (176) for the status quo."

paragraph: The BMJ article was widely reported and the resulting swell of public support for the campaign forced The Royal College of Surgeons to formally consider whether it should release Byrne's skeleton, the showpiece of their Hunterian museum, in February 2012. They decided to continue the exhibit.

paragraph: Since then, a further academic article has been published in the "International Journal of Culture and Property Law" which deals with the legal issues raised by the display of Byrne's skeleton and contains new fieldwork carried out in Byrne's native townland of Littlebridge. The article again calls for the release of Byrne's skeleton from his captor's museum on moral grounds and for a burial to be carried out in Byrne's homeland at, or as near as possible to, the Giant's Grave, a local site where folk tradition suggests Byrne wished to be buried. The article explains that as the legal system stands, people have no legal power to direct what will happen to their remains following death, and so rely on their loved ones to carry out their burial wishes so that they are buried with respect and dignity.

paragraph: In May 2015, the then Mayor of Derry Martin Reilly wrote to the Museum's trustees advocating for "the importance of respecting the wishes of Mr Byrne in relation to his burial". In March 2017, Dr. Thomas Muinzer appeared in an interview on the NPR program "All Things Considered" for a piece entitled "The saga of the Irish Giant's Bones dismays Medical Ethicists." A Change.org petition started by Richard Mckee of Oregon in the United States to honor the dying wishes of Charles Byrne to be buried at sea has so far garnered 456 signatures.

paragraph: On 6 June 2018, speaking on behalf of the campaign, Dr Thomas Muinzer published an article in The Conversation entitled "Why a London museum should return the stolen bones of an Irish giant" as a result of recent developments with the case.

paragraph: Following renewed pressure from campaigners, The Guardian reported in an article entitled "'Irish giant' may finally get respectful burial after 200 years on display" that the Trustees of the Hunterian Museum have confirmed that they will consider whether to release the skeleton of Charles Byrne for burial; a spokesperson for the Royal College of Surgeons said “The Hunterian Museum will be closed [from late 2016] until 2021 and Charles Byrne’s skeleton is not currently on display. The board of trustees of the Hunterian collection will be discussing the matter during the period of closure of the museum.”

paragraph: Carla Valentine, technical curator of the Pathology Museum at Queen Mary University, London has said: “Now that it’s out there that they’re considering this, I think it will be difficult to go back from that.”

paragraph: Section::::Medical condition.

paragraph: The American surgeon Harvey Cushing studied Byrne's bones in 1909 and found that Byrne had had a pituitary tumour based on an enlarged pituitary fossa. In 2011, British and German researchers determined the cause of Byrne's gigantism. They extracted DNA from Byrne's teeth and found that he had a rare mutation in his "AIP" gene that is involved in pituitary tumours. The researchers also found that four contemporary families living in Northern Ireland which have a history of related pituitary disorders also carried this mutation. The researchers inferred that Byrne and these families had a common ancestor about 57 to 66 generations ago (1425 to 1650 years ago).

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Author Hilary Mantel wrote a fictionalised novel of his life in "The Giant, O'Brien". The plot of the novel focused on the battle between the revolution of science and the ways of poem and song. O'Brien (Byrne) was portrayed as a man whose faith was in tales of kings and the little people, while his polar opposite John Hunter was portrayed as at the dawn of the scientific age, destroying all that is old and cherished. It also mentions that O'Brien (Byrne) was related to another Irish giant in Patrick Cotter O'Brien of Cork, who exhibited himself shortly after the death of Byrne, stating that he was 8'7" in height. An exhumation of his bones in 1972 showed that his true height was 8'1". The book also mentions a sort of kinship with two other Irish giants known simply as 'The Brothers Knipe' who both stood 7'2" each. They were recognised by the "Guinness Book of World Records" as the tallest identical twins in history. In 2010, poet Moyra Donaldson from Northern Ireland published the anthology Miracle Fruit which featured a poem inspired by Charles Byrne called 'The Skeleton of the Great Irish Giant'.

paragraph: Author Tessa Harris also made him one of the main characters in her novel "The Dead Shall Not Rest", which examines the beginnings of forensic science, anatomy and surgery. The book, which is well referenced, emphasises the difficulties that anatomists of the time had in gaining access to bodies to dissect, and the resulting illegal trade in dead bodies.

paragraph: He is mentioned in chapter 32 of Charles Dickens' novel "David Copperfield", to illustrate the enormousness of an umbrella: "But her face, as she turned it up to mine, was so earnest; and when I relieved her of the umbrella (which would have been an inconvenient one for the Irish Giant), she wrung her little hands in such an afflicted manner; that I rather inclined towards her."

description: Irish entertainer

wikidata_label: Charles Byrne

wikipedia_title: Charles Byrne (giant)


text:
American
herpetologist
ichthyologist
paleontologist
Field Museum of Natural History
Carnegie Institution for Science
United States National Museum
turtle
Pleistocene
mammal
Smithsonian Institution
William Perry Hay

categories: People associated with the Field Museum of Natural History,American paleontologists,1930 deaths,American ichthyologists,American herpetologists,1846 births

paragraph: Oliver Perry Hay

paragraph: Oliver Perry Hay (22 May 1846 – 2 November 1930) was an American herpetologist, ichthyologist, and paleontologist.

paragraph: From 1894 to 1895 he worked at the Field Museum of Natural History as assistant curator of zoology where, despite his speciality in ichthyology, he worked in all non-ornithological fields of zoology. In 1912, Hay was appointed as a research associate at the Carnegie Institution for Science, and was given office space at the United States National Museum. There he did much work with the USNM's collections in vertebrate paleontology. He published extensively on fossil turtles and Pleistocene mammals. The catalogs that he constructed were a great aid in recording existing knowledge and became standard references. His papers from 1911 to 1930 are stored at the Smithsonian Institution.

paragraph: His son, William Perry Hay, was also a zoologist.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Below is a partial list of Hay's work.

description: American paleontologist

wikidata_label: Oliver Perry Hay

wikipedia_title: Oliver Perry Hay


text: General

text: British Army

text: Special Air Service

text: UNPROFOR

text: Bosnia

text: Yugoslav Wars

text: John Masters

text: Cheltenham College

text: St. Edmund Hall

text: Oxford

text: Sorbonne

text: Territorial and Army Volunteer Reserve

text: Gloucestershire Regiment

text: Rifle Brigade

text: second lieutenant

text: lieutenant

text: Inns of Court

text: Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve

text: pilot officer

text: Bachelor of Arts

text: Coldstream Guards

text: major

text: Staff College, Camberley

text: Brigade Major

text: Devon and Dorset Regiment

text: Mention in Despatches

text: lieutenant colonel

text: 22 SAS

text: Iranian Embassy Siege

text: Queen's Gallantry Medal

text: Falklands War

text: colonel

text: brigadier

text: Commandant

text: School of Infantry

text: Director Special Forces

text: Royal College of Defence Studies

text: North East District

text: 2nd Infantry Division

text: York

text: major general

text: Commandant

text: Staff College, Camberley

text: lieutenant general

text: Commander UK Field Army

text: Territorial Army

text: United Nations Protection Force

text: Bosnia-Herzegovina

text: Distinguished Service Order

text: Oxford University

text: Officer Training Corps

text: Adjutant-General

text: Aide-de-Camp

text: The Queen

text: Coldstream Guards

text: Sir Roger Wheeler

text: International Court of Justice

text: Deputy Lieutenant

text: Somerset

text: Tony Blair

text: impeachment

text: invasion of Iraq

text: Coalition

text: American Revolutionary War

text: Brendan Simms

categories: Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley,People educated at Cheltenham College,Recipients of the Queen's Gallantry Medal,1940 births,Alumni of St Edmund Hall, Oxford,Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath,Special Air Service officers,Commandants of the Staff College, Camberley,British Army generals,British Army personnel of the Falklands War,Companions of the Distinguished Service Order,Royal Air Force officers,British military personnel of the Troubles,Commanders of the Order of the British Empire,Coldstream Guards officers,Gloucestershire Regiment soldiers,Living people,Gloucestershire Regiment officers

paragraph: Michael Rose (British Army officer)

paragraph: General Sir Hugh Michael Rose, (born 5 January 1940), often known as Mike Rose, is a retired British Army general. As well as Special Air Service Regiment commanding officer, he was Commander UNPROFOR Bosnia in 1994 during the Yugoslav Wars.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: The stepson of British author John Masters, Rose was educated at Cheltenham College, St. Edmund Hall, Oxford, and the Sorbonne.

paragraph: He enlisted in the Territorial and Army Volunteer Reserve (TAVR) as a private soldier and was commissioned into the Gloucestershire Regiment TAVR on 17 March 1959, transferring to the Rifle Brigade as a second lieutenant on 1 June 1959. Rose was confirmed in this rank and promoted to lieutenant on 18 December 1960. and attached to the Inns of Court, (TAVR).

paragraph: Rose transferred to the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve (RAFVR) (General Duties Branch) as acting pilot officer, with the service number 207004, on a three-year commission on 2 November 1961, but relinquished the commission on 11 October 1963.

paragraph: Section::::Military career.

paragraph: On graduation from university, having gained a Bachelor of Arts degree, he joined the Regular Army Coldstream Guards as second lieutenant on 22 October 1964. and was promoted lieutenant on the same day.

paragraph: Rose was promoted major on 31 December 1972, and after attending the Staff College, Camberley, became the Brigade Major 16th Parachute Brigade from 1973 until 1975, serving in Northern Ireland attached to the Devon and Dorset Regiment and being awarded a Mention in Despatches. He was promoted lieutenant colonel on 30 June 1978. and was commanding officer of 22 SAS from 1979 to 1982, as part of which he was in control of the operation to free the hostages of the Iranian Embassy Siege in 1980. Rose was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire on 7 January 1980. Serving in Northern Ireland in 1981 Rose earned a Queen's Gallantry Medal, which was finally gazetted in 1994.

paragraph: Rose commanded Special Service operations in-theatre during the Falklands War, following which he was promoted to colonel on 30 June 1982, and Mentioned in Despatches. He conducted negotiations with the Argentine forces to arrange their surrender deploying some of the skills that he had learnt from the Iranian Embassy siege.

paragraph: After being promoted brigadier on 31 December 1983, he served as the commander of the 39th Infantry Brigade from 1983 to 1985.

paragraph: He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in April 1986. From 1987 until 1988, Rose was Commandant of the School of Infantry, and from 1988 until 1989, the first Director Special Forces. He attended the Royal College of Defence Studies.

paragraph: Rose was General Officer Commanding North East District and Commander 2nd Infantry Division based in York from 30 October 1989 to 30 September 1991, During this period he was promoted major general. Between 1991 and 8 April 1993 he served as Commandant of the Staff College, Camberley, following which he was promoted lieutenant general on 17 May 1993, and knighted as a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath. From 26 April 1993 to 1994, Rose served as Commander UK Field Army and Inspector-General of the Territorial Army.

paragraph: From 24 January 1994 to 23 January 1995 he was Commander, United Nations Protection Force, Bosnia-Herzegovina. His service in this period was recognised on 5 May 1995 when he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order.

paragraph: On 14 March 1995 Rose resumed his appointment as Commander UK Field Army, and on 10 May 1995 became Honorary Colonel of the Oxford University Officer Training Corps. Rose became Adjutant-General on 7 July 1995, and Aide-de-Camp General to The Queen on 9 September 1995, in which role he served until 31 August 1997.

paragraph: Rose was appointed Colonel of the Regiment of the Coldstream Guards on 23 August 1999. On 10 March 2000 his tenure as Honorary Colonel of the Oxford University Officer Training Corps came to a conclusion, and he was succeeded by General Sir Roger Wheeler.

paragraph: He was called as a witness by Serbia and Montenegro in a case held at the International Court of Justice.

paragraph: Section::::Other occupations.

paragraph: Rose was appointed Deputy Lieutenant for the County of Somerset on 5 August 2003.

paragraph: Rose has been a board member of Skarbek Associates since 2012 where he is also involved in the development and delivery of the leadership and high-performance teamwork components of Skarbek's capability building programme.

paragraph: Section::::Opposition to Iraq war.

paragraph: In 2006 Rose came once again to public attention when he criticised British Prime Minister Tony Blair, and called for his impeachment for leading the country to war in Iraq under false pretences. This highlighted Rose's unease about the legality and practicality of the 2003 American-led invasion of Iraq.

paragraph: In 2007, he called for the admission of defeat and withdrawal of Coalition forces from Iraq, describing the war as "hopeless" and comparing the situation to that faced by the British during the American Revolutionary War.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brendan Simms (2001), "Unfinest Hour: Britain and the Destruction of Bosnia", Allen Lane The Penguin Press

description: British Army general

wikidata_label: Michael Rose

wikipedia_title: Michael Rose (British Army officer)


text:
Budapest String Quartet
Settlement Music School
Temple University
Odessa
Naoum Blinder
Odessa Conservatory
Jacques Thibaud
concertmaster
Russian Revolution
Nazi government
Ukraine
Nazi-controlled France
violist
Temple University

categories: Ukrainian violinists,Jewish violinists,People from Odessa,20th-century violinists,1900 births,1996 deaths,Male violinists

paragraph: Edgar Ortenberg

paragraph: Edgar Ortenberg (born Eleazar Ortenberg, June 17, 1900 – May 16, 1996) was a violinist in the Budapest String Quartet and taught violin at the Settlement Music School and Temple University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

paragraph: Born Eleazar Ortenberg in Odessa, his teachers included Naoum Blinder at the Odessa Conservatory and Jacques Thibaud in Paris. He was 15 years old when he began attending the Odessa Conservatory, and at 21 became the concertmaster of the Odessa Opera Orchestra. He left Russia in 1924 because of anti-Semitism after the Russian Revolution. In 1927 he adopted the first name "Edgar" (which was less Hebraic) and formed the Berlin String Quartet with the official approval of the city's mayor. The quartet was reformulated in 1933 by the Nazi government. In 1929, while in Berlin, he met and married his wife, Tamara, also a Russian emigrant. They had no children, but at his death the couple had a number of nieces and nephews living both in the US and in Ukraine.

paragraph: In 1933 he and his wife moved to Paris, where he formed the Quotour Ortembert, which toured the United States in 1937, the first French string quartet to ever do so. He also became a French citizen in 1937, was drafted into the French army in 1939, but while recovering from sickness in 1941, he and his wife escaped Nazi-controlled France for Portugal and then moved to New York in 1941. There he played for the WQXR Radio Orchestra. He was invited to join the Budapest String Quartet in 1936 but declined, they asked him to be a violist and his wife did not want him to switch instruments, noting that "I want to be the widow of a violinist, not the widow of a violist". He accepted a second invitation in 1944 and performed with the group until 1949. He then moved to Philadelphia, where he taught violin at the Settlement Music School until 1985 and served on the faculty at Temple University from 1951 to 1972. He died on May 16, 1996, of cancer at age 95.

description: violinist

wikidata_label: Edgar Ortenberg

wikipedia_title: Edgar Ortenberg


text:
Dörpen
Aschendorf
Anabaptists
Goch
Menno Simons
anti-Trinitarian
Lübeck

paragraph: Adam Pastor

paragraph: Adam Pastor (d. 1560s) was born Roelof Martens or Martin, at Dörpen, Westphalia, and was a Catholic priest at Aschendorf till 1533 when he joined the peaceful wing of the Anabaptists. At the Anabaptist conference in Goch in 1547, at which Menno Simons was chairman, Pastor was censured for his anti-Trinitarian views, and then in Lübeck in 1552 he and Simons held a debate on the deity of Christ and the Trinity.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Disputation on the Trinity 1552

description: German priest

wikidata_label: Adam Pastor

wikipedia_title: Adam Pastor


text:
gospel
R&B
Gabourey Sidibe
America's Got Talent
30 Seconds to Fame
Georgia
Gabourey Sidibe
busking
Herald Square
Midtown Manhattan
Precious
Ohio Northern University
Ada, Ohio
fifth season
America's Got Talent
Etta James
At Last
Midnight Train to Georgia
Gladys Knight
Michael Grimm
I Have Nothing
Piers Morgan
Sharon Osbourne

categories: America's Got Talent contestants,American buskers,American gospel singers,Singers from New York City,1952 births,21st-century American singers,American female singers,African-American singers,American contemporary R&B singers,Living people

paragraph: Alice Tan Ridley

paragraph: Alice Tan Ridley (born December 21, 1952) is an American gospel and R&B singer and the mother of actress Gabourey Sidibe. Ridley advanced to the semi-finals of the NBC television series "America's Got Talent", after previously winning $25,000 in the pilot episode of "30 Seconds to Fame". Ridley released her debut album "Never Lost My Way" at the age of 63 on September 15, 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Ridley was born in Georgia. She is the mother of Ahmed and Gabourey Sidibe. For about 30 years, Ridley has been singing and busking in New York City subway stations, mainly at Herald Square in Midtown Manhattan. For the past six years, Ridley tours with a 7-piece band doing shows at performing arts centers across America. Her daughter Gabourey Sidibe starred in the 2009 hit film "Precious" and garnered critical acclaim.

paragraph: On October 6, 2012, Ridley performed, for the first time in her life, with a 65-piece symphony orchestra at Ohio Northern University in Ada, Ohio.

paragraph: Section::::"America's Got Talent".

paragraph: Overview

paragraph: Ridley auditioned in New York for the fifth season of "America's Got Talent." She auditioned with Etta James' hit song "At Last". She was praised by all three judges and advanced to Vegas Week. There, she was selected to move on to the Top 48, alongside fellow singer Debra Romer. On July 20, Ridley performed "Midnight Train to Georgia" by Gladys Knight. She received a standing ovation from the crowd and the judges, and was praised for her performance. She advanced to the semi-finals with AscenDance, Michael Grimm, and Antonio Restivo. Her semi-final performance of "I Have Nothing" was the first performance of the twelve of the night, with Piers Morgan calling it a great beginning for the show. When placed against Studio One Young Beast Society in the final moments of the results show the next night, both Piers Morgan and Sharon Osbourne opted for Studio One, and ended Ridley's time on "America's Got Talent".

paragraph: Performances and results

description: American singer

wikidata_label: Alice Tan Ridley

wikipedia_title: Alice Tan Ridley


text: Food for Life

text: Vrindavan

text: Hare Krishna

text: WNYT

text: The Post Star

text: kayaker

text: Bhagavad Gita

text: Bhagavata Purana

text: Satsvarupa dasa Goswami

text: diksa

text: guru

text: Bhaktivedanta Book Trust

text: Los Angeles

text: Honolulu

text: Isopansad

text: Brahma Samhita

text: Bhagavad Gita

text: Satsvarupa dasa Goswami

text: Vaishnavism

text: FFL Vrindavana

categories: Converts to Hinduism,1957 births,New York (state) lawyers,Politicians from Saratoga Springs, New York,American Hindus,Living people

paragraph: Kurt Mausert

paragraph: Kurt Mausert (born 1957) is a lawyer who practices criminal defense, DWI defense, vehicle and traffic law, personal injury law for plaintiffs, and family law (custody, visitation, and support). He maintains his law office in downtown Saratoga Springs. He accepts cases in Saratoga, Albany, Schenectady, Warren Washington, Essex, Hamilton, Clinton, St. Lawrence, Columbia, Montgomery and Fulton Counties.

paragraph: Kurt began his career as a prosecutor for the City Prosecutor's office in Concord, NH in 1987. He tried over 60 cases while still a senior in law school. In the mid-1990's, Kurt also served as a Special Prosecutor in Warren County, NY. Since 1989, he has focused on criminal defense, family court, personal injury, DWI, and traffic tickets. Kurt is a former Town Court Judge having served via appointment by the Board of the Town of Saratoga.

paragraph: As a practitioner of Vedic philosophy, Mausert has been the president of Care for Vrindavan for more than ten years. This charity supports in part Food for Life Vrindavan four schools and some social development programs for women, clean water projects, and Hare Krishna vegetarian food distribution, some reforestation efforts and medical services.

paragraph: In a recent report dedicated to a deadly crash by WNYT NewsChannel 13 and according to "The Post Star" he is a long-time kayaker.

paragraph: Section::::Involvement in ISKCON.

paragraph: Mausert was introduced to the Bhagavad Gita and Bhagavata Purana at the age of 13 by his eldest brother, Aksobhya dasa. At the age of 20 he became a monk and joined the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) in New York City. In January 1979, he accepted Satsvarupa dasa Goswami, one of the first disciples of the founder-acarya of ISKCON, as his diksa guru. At the initiation in 1979 he was given the name Kirtan Rasa Dasa.

paragraph: After the death of his brother Aksobhya dasa in February 1979, he learned his system of indexing books and went to work for the Bhaktivedanta Book Trust charity in Los Angeles. dasa was based in Honolulu when he was killed February 22, 1979, an event that inspired Mausert to become a lifelong gun owner https://www.range365.com/video-shows-breadth-gun-ownership#page-2. At the BBT, Mausert wrote indexes for translations of the Isopansad, the Brahma Samhita, the Bhagavad Gita, volumes of the Bhagavatam, "Srila Prabhupada Lilamrita"'s biography and various other books. Mausert was given brahminical initiation in July 1980 by his spiritual master, Satsvarupa dasa Goswami. While in law school, he continued to edit indexes for the BBT. He is teaching yoga and Vaishnavism in a number of venues in New York state.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Saratoga Springs Criminal Defense and Family Law

paragraph: BULLET::::- FFL Vrindavana

description: American lawyer

wikidata_label: Kurt Mausert

wikipedia_title: Kurt Mausert


text: Nightingale

text: Witherscape

text: progressive death metal

text: Edge of Sanity

text: melodic death metal

text: black metal

text: progressive metal

text: death metal

text: progressive rock

text: power metal

text: progressive rock

text: growled

text: Edge of Sanity

text: Katatonia

text: Ribspreader

text: Bloodbath

text: Arjen Lucassen

text: Star One

text: Nightingale

text: Theli

text: A'arab Zaraq – Lucid Dreaming

text: Therion

text: Diabolical Masquerade

text: avant-garde

text: black metal

text: Anders Nyström aka Blakkheim

text: Katatonia

text: Bloodbath

text: progressive

text: death metal

text: Moontower

text: Witherscape

text: full studio album

text: Novembers Doom

text: Paul Kuhr

text: EP

text: Century Media Records

text: death growl

text: Örebro

text: Pan.Thy.Monium

text: Nightingale

text: Akerfeldt

text: Swanö

text: The Project Hate MCMXCIX

text: The Lustrate Process

text: Ulan Bator

text: The official Dan Swanö website

text: Unisound

text: Official Odyssey Myspace page

text: Interview with Swanö

categories: Swedish heavy metal drummers,Swedish multi-instrumentalists,Swedish heavy metal bass guitarists,21st-century drummers,Bloodbath members,Steel (band) members,Dream Evil members,Swedish heavy metal guitarists,Swedish heavy metal singers,Therion (band) members,Death metal musicians,Star One (band) members,Living people,1973 births

paragraph: Dan Swanö

paragraph: Dan-Erland Swanö (born 10 March 1973) is a Swedish musician and record producer who is currently the vocalist, guitarist, ex-bassist and ex-drummer for the band Nightingale, lately vocalist, keyboardist and drummer for the band Witherscape, as well as the owner of Unisound, but he achieved fame as the vocalist and songwriter of progressive death metal band Edge of Sanity.

paragraph: As a multi-instrumentalist he is regarded as influential in the underground melodic death metal, black metal, progressive metal, death metal, progressive rock, power metal communities. He is known for his progressive rock-influenced songwriting style and his frequent use of both clean and growled vocals.

paragraph: Section::::Music.

paragraph: Swanö has fronted a number of bands, including Edge of Sanity, Brejn Dedd, Unicorn, Infestdead and Route Nine. He has also been a member of Katatonia and Ribspreader, as well as playing drums and lead guitar in death metal band Bloodbath.

paragraph: He has also contributed his vocal talents to Arjen Lucassen's Star One project. The two musicians are good friends, with Lucassen contributing guitar parts to Swanö's Nightingale project. He can also be heard on the albums "Theli" and "A'arab Zaraq – Lucid Dreaming" by the symphonic opera metal band Therion. He was also producer and contributing writer of the band Diabolical Masquerade, the now-defunct solo avant-garde black metal band of Anders Nyström aka Blakkheim (Katatonia, Bloodbath, ex-Bewitched). He also contributed some guitar solos, backing vocals on various Diabolical Masquerade albums, and played the drums on the album "Nightwork". He also produced and played the keyboards on the "Memories from Nothing" album by Swedish progressive rockers Another Life, released on Vic Records.

paragraph: Swanö has also released a solo progressive death metal album entitled "Moontower", on which he showcases his multi-instrumental talent, playing all instruments (guitar, bass, drums, keyboard) as well as providing all the vocal work.

paragraph: During 2009 Swanö re-activated Odyssey, this time performing all instruments by himself. Swanö recorded 7 of his all-time favourite songs which was released in November 2010 on the album 'Reinventing The Past', together with the three 1999 tracks as a bonus on Dutch based Vic Records. His brother Dag played guest lead guitar on the song 'Gypsy' (Uriah Heep cover).

paragraph: In 2013, Swanö released with his new project Witherscape the full studio album "The Inheritance", with Ragnar Widerberg as co-member, and the collaboration of, amongst other guest musicians, Novembers Doom's founder Paul Kuhr. It was followed a year after by the EP "The New Tomorrow". In 2016, the full studio album "The Northern Sanctuary" was released, via Century Media Records like its predecessors, featuring once again Paul Kuhr.

paragraph: Dan Swanö has a diverse vocal register, encompassing many styles, which include death growls; clean, melodic singing with a warm rich tone; deep, dark, gothic vocals and thrash shouting.

paragraph: As a peculiarity, he is a left-handed guitarist (right hand on the neck) but plays on right-handed guitars without reversing the strings (highest strings up), which is quite unusual.

paragraph: Section::::Family and work.

paragraph: Despite the large amount of releases to his name, Swanö up until recently worked full-time in a music store (Musikbörsen) in Örebro, near his home in Sweden, rarely doing live performances with any of his bands. He had played bass in his elder brother Dag Swanö's band Pan.Thy.Monium with Dan using Day DiSyraah, and Dag using Äag as pseudonyms. Dag also plays guitar in Nightingale, formerly under the name of Tom Nouga.

paragraph: Section::::Musical contributions.

paragraph: Section::::Musical contributions.:Miscellaneous.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Laodicea

paragraph: BULLET::::- Manfred Villes

paragraph: BULLET::::- Necrony – guest vocals, guitars, compositions (under the alias "Day Disyraah")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Second Sky

paragraph: BULLET::::- Schecht + Akerfeldt + Swanö '98

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Lucky Seven

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Project Hate MCMXCIX – producer on "Cybersonic Superchrist". Mixing and Mastering on "Deadmarch: Initiation of Blasphemy", "Armageddon March Eternal – Symphonies of Slit Wrists", "In Hora Mortis Nostræ", and "The Lustrate Process"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ulan Bator

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The official Dan Swanö website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Unisound

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Odyssey Myspace page

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interview with Swanö

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.witherscape.com

description: Swedish musician

wikidata_label: Dan Swanö

wikipedia_title: Dan Swanö


text: Syrian

text: Neoplatonist

text: philosopher

text: Arab

text: Pythagoras

text: Sophists

text: Syria

text: Neoplatonism

text: Suda

text: Eunapius

text: Chalcis

text: Qinnasrin

text: Syria

text: Arab

text: Royal family of Emesa

text: Anatolius of Laodicea

text: Porphyry

text: Plotinus

text: theurgy

text: De Mysteriis Aegyptiorum

text: Apamea

text: Antioch

text: Fabricius

text: Constantine

text: Stobaeus

text: Proclus

text: polytheistic

text: Plotinus

text: miraculous

text: Julian

text: Lydia

text: monad

text: nous

text: Proclus

text: Demiurge

text: nous

text: hebdomad

text: Christian tradition

text: St. Augustine

text: Divine Trinity

text: mathematical

text: fate

text: evil

text: infinite

text: Gustav Parthey

text: Teubner

text: online

text: Collection Budé

text: Thomas Taylor

text: online (Google books)

text: online (HTML)

text: online (Google books)

text: online (HTML)

text: John M. Dillon

text: Thomas Taylor

text: online

text: online

text: August Nauck

text: "The life of Pythagoras"

text: online (HTML)

text: John M. Dillon

text: online

text: Ermenegildo Pistelli

text: online

text: Nicomachi arithmeticam introductionem

text: online

text: Friedrich Ast

text: online

text: Robin Waterfield

text: Henotheism

text: Hermes Trismegistus

text: Neoplatonism

text: "Iamblichus"

categories: 3rd-century Romans,Roman-era philosophers,Neoplatonists,Arabs in the Roman Empire,4th-century philosophers,Neo-Pythagoreans,3rd-century philosophers,4th-century Romans,325 deaths,Occult writers,Apamea, Syria,3rd-century writers,4th-century writers,Syrian philosophers,Royal Family of Emesa,Ancient mathematicians,Pagan anti-Gnosticism,245 births

paragraph: Iamblichus

paragraph: Iamblichus (; ; c. AD 245 – c. 325) was a Syrian Neoplatonist philosopher of Arab origin. He determined the direction that would later be taken by Neoplatonic philosophy. He was also the biographer of Pythagoras, a Greek mystic, philosopher and mathematician.

paragraph: Aside from Iamblichus' own philosophical contribution, his "Protrepticus" is of importance for the study of the Sophists, owing to its preservation of approximately ten pages of an otherwise unknown Sophist known as the Anonymus Iamblichi.

paragraph: Section::::Iamblichus' life.

paragraph: Iamblichus was the chief representative of Syrian Neoplatonism, though his influence spread over much of the ancient world. The events of his life and his religious beliefs are not entirely known, but the main tenets of his beliefs can be worked out from his extant writings. According to the Suda, and his biographer Eunapius, he was born at Chalcis (modern Qinnasrin) in Syria. He was the son of a rich and illustrious family, and he is said to have been the descendant of several priest-kings of the Arab Royal family of Emesa. He initially studied under Anatolius of Laodicea, and later went on to study under Porphyry, a pupil of Plotinus, the founder of Neoplatonism. He disagreed with Porphyry over the practice of theurgy; Iamblichus responds to Porphyry's criticisms of theurgy in a book attributed to him, "De Mysteriis Aegyptiorum" ("On the Egyptian Mysteries").

paragraph: Around 304, he returned to Syria to found his own school at Apamea (near Antioch), a city famous for its Neoplatonic philosophers. Here he designed a curriculum for studying Plato and Aristotle, and he wrote commentaries on the two that survive only in fragments. Still, for Iamblichus, Pythagoras was the supreme authority. He is known to have written the "Collection of Pythagorean Doctrines", which, in ten books, comprised extracts from several ancient philosophers. Only the first four books, and fragments of the fifth, survive.

paragraph: Scholars noted that the "Exhortation to Philosophy of Iamblichus" was composed in Apamea in the early 4th c. AD.

paragraph: Iamblichus was said to have been a man of great culture and learning. He was also renowned for his charity and self-denial. Many students gathered around him, and he lived with them in genial friendship. According to Fabricius, he died during the reign of Constantine, sometime before 333.

paragraph: Only a fraction of Iamblichus' books have survived. For our knowledge of his system, we are indebted partly to the fragments of writings preserved by Stobaeus and others. The notes of his successors, especially Proclus, as well as his five extant books and the sections of his great work on Pythagorean philosophy also reveal much of Iamblichus' system. Besides these, Proclus seems to have ascribed to him the authorship of the celebrated treatise "Theurgia", or "On the Egyptian Mysteries". However, the differences between this book and Iamblichus' other works in style and in some points of doctrine have led some to question whether Iamblichus was the actual author. Still, the treatise certainly originated from his school, and in its systematic attempt to give a speculative justification of the polytheistic cult practices of the day, it marks a turning-point in the history of thought where Iamblichus stood.

paragraph: As a speculative theory, Neoplatonism had received its highest development from Plotinus. The modifications introduced by lamblichus were the detailed elaboration of its formal divisions, the more systematic application of the Pythagorean number-symbolism, and, under the influence of Oriental systems, a thoroughly mythical interpretation of what Neoplatonism had formerly regarded as notional. Unlike Plotinus who broke from Platonic tradition and asserted an undescended soul, Iamblichus re-affirmed the soul's embodiment in matter, believing matter to be as divine as the rest of the cosmos. It is most likely on this account that lamblichus was venerated.

paragraph: Iamblichus was highly praised by those who followed his thought. By his contemporaries, Iamblichus was accredited with miraculous powers. The Roman emperor Julian, not content with Eunapius' more modest eulogy that he was inferior to Porphyry only in style, regarded Iamblichus as more than second to Plato, and claimed he would give all the gold of Lydia for one epistle of Iamblichus. During the revival of interest in his philosophy in the 15th and 16th centuries, the name of Iamblichus was scarcely mentioned without the epithet "divine" or "most divine".

paragraph: Section::::Iamblichus' cosmology.

paragraph: At the head of his system, Iamblichus placed the transcendent incommunicable "One", the "monad", whose first principle is intellect, "nous". Immediately after the absolute One, lamblichus introduced a second superexistent "One" to stand between it and 'the many' as the producer of intellect, or soul, "psyche". This is the initial "dyad". The first and highest One ("nous"), which Plotinus represented under the three stages of (objective) being, (subjective) life, and (realized) intellect, is distinguished by Iamblichus into spheres of intelligible and intellective, the latter sphere being the domain of thought, the former of the objects of thought. These three entities, the "psyche", and the "nous" split into the intelligible and the intellective, form a "triad".

paragraph: Between the two worlds, at once separating and uniting them, some scholars think there was inserted by lamblichus, as was afterwards by Proclus, a third sphere partaking of the nature of both. But this supposition depends on a merely conjectural emendation of the text. We read, however, that in the intellectual triad he assigned the third rank to the Demiurge. The Demiurge, the Platonic creator-god, is thus identified with the perfected "nous", the intellectual triad being increased to a "hebdomad". The identification of "nous" with the Demiurge is a significant moment in the Neoplatonic tradition and its adoption into and development within the Christian tradition. St. Augustine follows Plotinus by identifying "nous", which bears the "logos", with the creative principle. Whereas the Hellenes call that principle the Demiurge, Augustine identifies the activity and content of that principle as belonging to one of the three aspects of the Divine Trinity—the Son, who is the Word ("logos"). Iamblichus and Plotinus commonly assert that "nous" produced nature by mediation of the intellect, so here the intelligible gods are followed by a triad of psychic gods.

paragraph: The first of these "psychic gods" is incommunicable and supramundane, while the other two seem to be mundane, though rational. In the third class, or mundane gods, there is a still greater wealth of divinities, of various local position, function, and rank. Iamblichus wrote of gods, angels, demons and heroes, of twelve heavenly gods whose number is increased to thirty-six or three hundred and sixty, and of seventy-two other gods proceeding from them, of twenty-one chiefs and forty-two nature-gods, besides guardian divinities, of particular individuals and nations. The realm of divinities stretched from the original One down to material nature itself, where soul in fact descended into matter and became "embodied" as human beings. Basically, Iamblichus greatly multiplied the ranks of being and divine entities in the universe, the number at each level relating to various mathematical proportions. The world is thus peopled by a crowd of superhuman beings influencing natural events and possessing and communicating knowledge of the future, and who are all accessible to prayers and offerings.

paragraph: The whole of Iamblichus's complex theory is ruled by a mathematical formalism of triad, hebdomad, etc., while the first principle is identified with the monad, dyad and triad; symbolic meanings being also assigned to the other numbers. The theorems of mathematics, he says, apply absolutely to all things, from things divine to original matter. But though he subjects all things to number, he holds elsewhere that numbers are independent existences, and occupy a middle place between the limited and unlimited.

paragraph: Another difficulty of the system is the account given of nature. It is said to be bound by the indissoluble chains of necessity called fate, and is distinguished from divine things that are not subject to fate. Yet, being itself the result of higher powers becoming corporeal, a continual stream of elevating influence flows from them to it, interfering with its necessary laws and turning to good ends the imperfect and evil. Of evil no satisfactory account is given; it is said to have been generated accidentally in the conflict between the finite and the infinite.

paragraph: Section::::List of editions and translations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On the mysteries" ("De mysteriis"), ed. Gustav Parthey, Teubner, 1857 online; ed. Edouard des Places, Collection Budé, 1989

paragraph: BULLET::::- English translations: Thomas Taylor, 1821 online (Google books), online (HTML); Alexander Wilder, 1911 online (Google books), online (HTML); Emma C. Clarke, John M. Dillon, and Jackson P. Hershbell, 2003,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Life of Pythagoras" An abridged version of Thomas Taylor's classic, 1918 online,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On the Pythagorean Way of Life" ("De vita pythagorica"), ed. Theophil Kießling, Leipzig, 1816 online; ed. August Nauck, St. Petersburg, 1884; ed. Ludwig Deubner, Teubner, 1937 (rev. Ulrich Klein, 1975)

paragraph: BULLET::::- English translations: Taylor, 1818 "The life of Pythagoras"; Kenneth Sylvan Guthrie, 1919 online (HTML); Gillian Clark, 1989, ; John M. Dillon and Jackson Hershbell, 1991,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On general mathematical science" (Περὶ τῆς κοινῆς μαθηματικῆς ἐπιστήμης, "De communi mathematica scientia"), ed. Nicola Festa, Teubner, 1891 (reprint 1975) online

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Protrepticus", ed. Ermenegildo Pistelli, Teubner, 1888 (repr. 1975) online; ed. des Places, Budé, 1989

paragraph: BULLET::::- English translation: Thomas Moore Johnson, "Iamblichus' exhortation to the study of philosophy", Osceola, Mo., 1907 (repr. 1988, )

paragraph: BULLET::::- "In Nicomachi arithmeticam introductionem", Teubner, ed. Pistelli, Teubner, 1894 online (rev. Klein, 1975)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Letters: John M. Dillon and Wolfgang Polleichtner, "Iamblichus of Chalcis: The Letters", 2009,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fragmentary commentaries on Plato and Aristotle

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bent Dalsgaard Larsen, "Jamblique de Chalcis: exégète et philosophe" (vol. 2, appendix: "Testimonia et fragmenta exegetica"), Universitetsforlaget i Aarhus, 1972 (Greek texts only)

paragraph: BULLET::::- John M. Dillon (ed. and trans.), "Iamblichi Chalcidensis in Platonis dialogos commentariorum fragmenta", Leiden: Brill, 1973

paragraph: BULLET::::- John F. Finamore and John M. Dillon, "Iamblichus" De Anima": Text, Translation, and Commentary", Leiden: Brill, 2002,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Theological principles of arithmetic" ("Theologumena arithmeticae", an anonymous work sometimes ascribed to Iamblichus), ed. Friedrich Ast, Leipzig, 1817 online; ed. Vittorio de Falco, Teubner, 1922

paragraph: BULLET::::- English translation: Robin Waterfield, Pseudo-Iamblichus: "The Theology of Arithmetic", translation, introduction, notes; foreword by K. Critchlow, Phanes Press, 1988,

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henotheism

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fowden, Garth. "The Egyptian Hermes: A Historical Approach to the Late Pagan Mind." Princeton, Princeton University Press 1986 (has an excellent section on Iamblichus' and the Neoplatonists' relation to the works attributed to Hermes Trismegistus)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shaw, Gregory. "Theurgy and the Soul: The Neoplatonism of Iamblichus". Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania State University Press 1995

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Iamblichus articles in the "Encyclopedia of the Goddess Athena".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lucas Siorvanes, "Iamblichus"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Deification Doctrine in Iamblichus and Three Church Fathers" in "Theandros" Vol. 3, No. 1, Fall 2005

description: Syrian philosopher

enwikiquote_title: Iamblichus

wikidata_label: Iamblichus

wikipedia_title: Iamblichus


text:
Sufi
Abu Yusuf Bin Saamaan
Sufi
silsilah
Chishti Order
Shareef Zandani
Hijri
Qur'an
Rajab
Abu Yusuf Bin Saamaan
tasawwuf
Allah
Faqar
murshid
spiritual
zikr
Khwaja
Chishti
Syed
India
Hijri
Khwaja Wali Kirani
Kirani
Kirani
Quetta
Khwaja Ibrahim
saint
Mastung
Balochistan
Khwaja Dopassi
Dhadar
Bolan
Pakistan
Nizam-ud-din Alli
Pishin
Afghanistan
Khwaja Hussain Chishti
Khwaja Mohammad
Khwaja Qutubuddin
Khwaja Abu Ahmed
Khwaja Yusuf
Khwaja Waleed
Shaal Pir Baba
Shaal Pir Baba
Khwaja Wali Kirani
Kirani
Kirani
Muhammad
Ali
Imam
Ali ibn Abu Talib
Imam Ali Mosque
Najaf
Iraq
Husayn ibn Ali
Imam Husayn Shrine
Karbala
Iraq
Ali ibn Husayn
Jannat al-Baqi
Medina
Muhammad ibn Ali
Jannat al Baqi
Medina
Ja'far al-Sadiq
Jannat al-Baqi
Medina
Musa al-Kadhim
Kadhimiya
Baghdad
Iraq
Ali ibn Musa
Imam Reza shrine
Mashad
Muhammad ibn Ali
Kadhimiya
Baghdad
Iraq
Ali al-Hadi
Al Askari Mosque
Samarra
Iraq
Syed
Ali Akbar
Hasan al Askari
Abu Yusuf Bin Saamaan
Syed
Chisht
Imam Ali al Murtaza
Imam Hasan al Mujtaba
Khwaja Ibrahim Yukpasi
Lahore
Kirani

categories: 1139 deaths,Chishti Order,Sufi religious leaders,Sufi saints

paragraph: Maudood Chishti

paragraph: Maudood Chishti (also known as Qutubuddin, Shams Sufiyaan and Chiraag Chishtiyaan) was an early day Sufi Saint, a successor to his father and master Abu Yusuf Bin Saamaan, twelfth link in the Sufi silsilah of Chishti Order, and the Master of Shareef Zandani. He was born around 430 Hijri in the city of Chisht. He initially received education from his father. He memorized the Qur'an by age 7 and completed his education when he was 16. His work includes two books, "Minhaaj ul Arifeen" and "Khulaasat ul Shariah". He died in the month of Rajab at the age of 97 in 533 AH (March 1139 CE). He was buried at Chisht like many of the early Chishtiyya.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Tasawuf.

paragraph: Hazrat Khwaja Al Mawdud Chisti became the mureed of Hazrat Khwaja Nasir Abu Yusuf Bin Saamaan Chisti. After he became a mureed, his murshid (Master) addressed him by saying, "O Qutubuddin Mowdud, adopt the path of the Faqr." The word "faqr" is literally translated as "poverty", but in the language of tasawwuf, it means to be rich with Allah. It is for one to have total trust in Allah and not to be dependent on any other than Allah. Faqar is the way of true dervishes. Khwaja Mawdud Al Chisti accepted his murshids (spiritual guidance) advice. Shortly thereafter he went into seclusion and remained absorbed in worship for twenty years. During this period, he rarely ate and was reported to complete two recitations of the Quran during the day and two during the night. He also used to constantly make the zikr of La Ilaha Illallah. Due to his consistent worship, everything in the universe became apparent to him, and nothing was kept hidden.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Khwaja Maudood's Khalifa.

paragraph: Khwaja Mawdud Chishti visited Balkh (the place of birth of Jalaluddin Rumi) and Bukhara, a place mentioned in the famous line of Hafez, "If that Turk of Shiraz would take my heart in his hand, I would give for his Hindu mole both Bukhara and Samarkand." Khwaja Haji Sharif Zindani, his successor, renounced everything. He led a life of strict seclusion for 40 years and hated society. He used to live on leaves of trees. Although several of the Chishtiyya stressed the value of asceticism, in general they said that seclusion and ascetic practice was for short periods only. Live in the midst of society rather than keep your spiritual ideals. It is said that the followers of Khwaja Qutubuddin were around 10,000, not including close friends and allies. It is impossible to enumerate Khwaja Mawdud's Khulafa. For the sake of barakat, a few are mentioned hereunder.

paragraph: Among them the link in this (CHISTI) Silsila is Khwaja Shareef Zindani. That is why his message spread. His influence spread west to Khurasan, Iraq, Syria, Hijaz, and Tihamah and in the south to Iran, Siestan and the subcontinent. In the west, his message was spread by the likes of Sharif Zindani and Khwaja Usman Harooni. Khwaja Qutubuddin was 29 when his father died and he inherited the throne. He never visited the rich or went to the royal courts. He was a simple man who led a simple life. He was always courteous to the needs of others. He always was the first to greet people and respected everyone.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Books.

paragraph: Chisti's works include two books, "Minhaaj ul Areifeen" and "Khulaasat ul Shariah".

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Sayings.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. . The lover of sama' (Sufi music) is a stranger to the outside world, but is a friend to God.

paragraph: BULLET::::2. . The mysteries of sama' are inexplicable. If you reveal them you are liable to punishment.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Miracles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Moulana Zakariyah says: "Khwajah Maudood Chisti acquired the capabilities known as Kash-e-Quloob (revelations of the conditions of the hearts) and Kashf-e-Quboor (revelation of the conditions of the graves)."

paragraph: BULLET::::- Whenever Khwaja Maudood Chishti wanted to see the Ka'aba, he could see it even though he was in Chisht.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Khwaja Qutbuddin Maudood Chishti's dead body flew in the air on its way to the graveyard. Khwaja Fareeduddin Ganj Shakar upon narrating this fell unconscious.

paragraph: Section::::Descendants.

paragraph: Khwaja Maudood Chishti's son Khwaja Najamuddin Ahmed Ahmed Mushtaq Bin Moudod Chishti was buried at Chisht. Syed Abul Alla Moudodi was a descendant of his who was born at Aurangabad India in 1903 Hijri. Many of his descendants live in the area. Khwaja Wali Kirani Moudodi Chishti Kirani and Khwaja Mir Shahdad Moudodi Chishti Kirani are also Khwaja Maudood Chishti's descendants. The tombs of both these famous saints are in a place called Kirani, west of Quetta city. A large number of his descendants still live in Kirani. Khwaja Ibrahim Yukpassi another important saint belonging to Khwaja Maudood Chishti's family is buried in Mastung Balochistan and Khwaja Dopassi is buried in Dhadar near the beginning of Bolan pass Balochistan Pakistan.

paragraph: Descendants Khwaja Qutubuddin Mohammad Thani Chishti migrated to Sindh Old Bukkhar (near Shahdadkot). One of this family descendants named Khwaja Assadullah Kunjnashin Bukkhari migrated to Nawada-Gaya areas of Bihar, India. His followers preached Islam and guided the Muslims there. Khwaja Abdullah Chishti and Hazrat Taj Mahmood Haqqani Chishti were the Sufi saints of Chishti order and direct descendants of Maudood Chishti's son. Their shrines are situated in Milkitola Chhota Sheikhpura, Narhat block near Hisua (GPRS 24 83N 85 43E)

paragraph: Section::::Descendants.:Descendants in Balochistan.

paragraph: Descendant Khwaja Nizam-ud-din Alli's tomb is in the vicinity of Pishin city of Balochistan in a place called Minziki, home for many other descendants. Khwaja Naqruddin Chishti Moudodi (Shaal Pir Baba) is another descendant whose tomb is in Balochistan, located in Quetta chaowni near the old fort. In the valley of shal kot (Quetta) and Bolan in the Balochistan province the influence of the Moudodi family reached within the lifetime of the head of the family. According to one source Khwaja Qutubuddin Moudod visited the area at least once. He came to the home of his follower Shiekh Babut in the area of Shoroak. Shiekh Babut belonged to the pashtoon tribe called 'Bariech'. During the lifetime of Khwaja Moudod Chishti his friends and followers started to spread the message of Islam. Later on Khwaja Qutubuddin Moudod Chishti's own family (the sadat) advanced the message of Islam in greater Balochistan and molded the life of ordinary people according to the ideology of Islam.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (16) – Syed Khwaja Qutubuddin Maudood Chishti in Chisht Hirat Afghanistan.(B430h D527h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (18) – Syed Rukun ud din Khwaja Hussain Chishti in Chisht Hirat Afghanistan.(B545h D635h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (19) – Syed Qud ud din Khwaja Mohammad in Chisht Hirat Afghanistan. (B584h D624h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (20) – Syed Khwaja Qutubuddin Ibn Khwaja Muhammed (B602h D680h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (21) – Syed Aud ud din Khwaja Abu Ahmed Syed Muhammed in Chisht Hirat Afghanistan. (B635h D710h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (22) – Syed Taqi ud din Khwaja Yusuf in Chisht Hirat Afghanistan. (B662h D745h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (23) – Syed Nassar ud din Khwaja Waleed in Chisht Hirat Afghanistan. (B727h D820h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shaal Pir Baba — Syed Shaal Pir Baba Chishti Moudodi. Quetta.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (24) – Syed Khwaja Wali Kirani Moudodi Chishti in Kirani Quetta Balouchistan Pakistan.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (25) – Syed Khwaja Mir Shahdad Moudodi Chishti in Kirani Quetta Balouchistan Pakistan.

paragraph: Section::::Shijra-e-tareekat.

paragraph: Main source:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Muhammad

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ali

paragraph: Section::::Family tree.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1) – Imam Ali ibn Abu Talib Amir al-Mu'minin Buried at the Imam Ali Mosque in Najaf, Iraq. {March 17, 599 — February 28, 661 aged 61}

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2) – Imam Husayn ibn Ali Sayed al- — Buried at the Imam Husayn Shrine in Karbala, Iraq. (B4h D60h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (3) – Imam Ali ibn Husayn al-Sajjad, Zayn al-ʿĀbidin Buried in Jannat al-Baqi Medina. (B-h D94h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (4) – Imam Muhammad ibn Ali al-Baqir al-Ulum Buried in Jannat al Baqi Medina. (B-h D114h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (5) – Imam Ja'far al-Sadiq al-Sadiq — in Jannat al-Baqi Medina. (B80h D148h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (6) – Imam Musa al-Kadhimal-Kazim in the Kadhimiya in Baghdad Iraq. (B128h D183h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (7) – Imam Ali ibn Musa al-Rida, Reza in the Imam Reza shrine Mashad. (B153h D203h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (8) – Imam Muhammad ibn Ali al-Taqi, al-Jawad in the Kadhimiya in Baghdad, Iraq. (B195h D220h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (9) – Imam Ali al-Hadi al-Hadi, al-Naqi in the Al Askari Mosque in Samarra Iraq. (B214h D254h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (10) – Syed Imam Abdullah Ali Akbar bin Hasan al Askari. (B238h D292h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (11) – Syed Imam Syed Abu Muhammed Al Hussain in Chist Hirat present Afghanistan. (B—h D352h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (12) – Syed Abu Abdullah Muhammed in Chisht Hirat present Afghanistan. (B270h D324h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (13) – Syed Abu Jaffer Ibrahim in Chisht Hirat present Afghanistan. (B-h D370h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (14) – Syed Shams-ud-din Abu Nassar Muhammed Saman in Chisht Hirat present Afghanistan. (B-h D398h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (15) – Syed Khwaja Abu Yusuf Bin Saamaan Nasir-ud-din Abu Yusuf Bin Saamaan in Chisht Hirat present Afghanistan. (B375h D459h)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (16) – Syed Khwaja Qutubuddin Maudood Chishti in Chisht Hirat Afghanistan. (B430h D527h)

paragraph: Section::::Family tree.:Family tree (mother's side).

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Imam Ali al Murtaza

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Imam Hasan al Mujtaba

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Hasan al Muthanna

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Abdullah al Mahd

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Hasan

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Majad ul Muali

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Hasan

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Yahya

paragraph: BULLET::::9. Ibrahim

paragraph: BULLET::::10. Sultan Farghana

paragraph: BULLET::::11. Abu Ahmed Abdal

paragraph: BULLET::::12. Amatullah

paragraph: BULLET::::13. Nasruddin Abu Yusuf

paragraph: BULLET::::14. Qutbuddin Mawdud

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Khwaja Ibrahim Yukpasi

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Big Five of India in Sufism

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pakistan, a Political Study

paragraph: BULLET::::- A Guide to the Islamic Movement

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tazkara-e-Syed Moudodi, idara-e-maarife Islam, Mansoora Lahore

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sair-ul-aolia, Urdu and Persian edition, written by Amir Khurd

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maraat-ul-israr by Hazrat Khwaja Abdul Rehman Chishti Quds Sira

paragraph: BULLET::::- Trirekh-e-mashaikh-e-Chisht by Doctor inam-ul-Haq

paragraph: BULLET::::- Safinat-ul-Arifeen

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tazkara-e-Ghuas o Qutub

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shijra-e-Maoroosi Sadat Kirani

paragraph: BULLET::::- The mashkiah of Chisht by Shiekh Muhammed Zakariyya Kandhalwi

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Origin Of Chishti Order

wikidata_label: Maudood Chishti

wikipedia_title: Maudood Chishti


text:
Swedish
1928 Summer Olympics
world record

categories: Olympic athletes of Sweden,1908 births,Olympic gold medalists for Sweden,Medalists at the 1928 Summer Olympics,1963 deaths,Olympic gold medalists in athletics (track and field),Athletes (track and field) at the 1928 Summer Olympics,Swedish male javelin throwers

paragraph: Erik Lundqvist

paragraph: Erik Hjalmar Lundqvist (29 June 1908 – 7 January 1963) was a Swedish athlete who won a gold medal in the javelin throw at the 1928 Summer Olympics. Two weeks later he became the first man to break the 70 m barrier, setting a new world record at 71.01 m.

description: athletics competitor

wikidata_label: Erik Lundqvist

wikipedia_title: Erik Lundqvist


text:
Tomara dynasty
Delhi
Aravalli Hills
Prithviraj Raso
Prithviraj Chauhan
Lal Kot
Red Fort
Rajput
Gurjars
Jats
Anangpur Dam
Chahamanas of Shakambhari

categories: Rajput rulers,History of Delhi,11th-century Indian monarchs

paragraph: Anangpal Tomar

paragraph: Anangpal Tomar was a king of the Tomara dynasty, who ruled over areas of Delhi in India. Sources variously say this was in the 8th century CE or the 11th century.

paragraph: Little is known of Anangpal, who whose ancestors had settled in the Aravalli Hills around the end of the first millennium CE. Some archaeological evidence survives of earlier settlements in the area and may be related to a ruler called Surajpal. Of Anangpal, the primary source for information comes from the "Prithviraj Raso", a history of Prithviraj Chauhan which was written much later. Some sources say that physical evidence at Lal Kot (literally Red Fort, not to be confused with the present day Red Fort), which he is thought to have built and which is the oldest identifiable city in the area, suggests that he lived in the eleventh century but others state that it was the 8th century.

paragraph: Later writings describe Anangpal Tomar as a Rajput, but the term "Rajput" did not exist during his lifetime. Other communities such as Gurjars and Jats have also claimed Anangpal as one of their own.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anangpur Dam

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chahamanas of Shakambhari

wikidata_label: Anangpal Tomar

wikipedia_title: Anangpal Tomar