text: Lutheran

text: Romantic

text: folk song

text: Hugo Wolf

text: Ignaz Lachner

text: Ludwigsburg

text: Gymnasium illustre

text: Urach

text: Tübinger Stift

text: Wilhelm Waiblinger

text: theology

text: Seminary of Tübingen

text: Ludwig Bauer

text: David Friedrich Strauss

text: Friedrich Theodor Vischer

text: Lutheran

text: Weinsberg

text: German literature

text: Stuttgart

text: Ludwig Uhland

text: Mozart

text: Prague

text: Anacreon

text: Theocritus

text: Hermann Kurz

text: Moritz von Schwind

text: Theodor Storm

text: Ludwig Wittgenstein

text: Bertrand Russell

text: Hugo Wolf

text: Ignaz Lachner

text: Wilhelm Killmayer

text: his song cycle

categories: 19th-century German poets,German Lutheran clergy,19th-century Lutheran clergy,German male poets,Members of the Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art,German monarchists,People from Ludwigsburg,1875 deaths,People from the Kingdom of Württemberg,German-language poets,1804 births

paragraph: Eduard Mörike

paragraph: Eduard Friedrich Mörike (8 September 18044 June 1875) was a German Lutheran pastor who was also a Romantic poet and writer of novellas and novels. Many of his poems were set to music and became established folk songs, while others were used by composers Hugo Wolf and Ignaz Lachner in their symphonic works.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Mörike was born in Ludwigsburg. His father was Karl Friedrich Mörike (died 1817), a district medical councilor; his mother was Charlotte Bayer. After the death of his father, in 1817, he went to live with his uncle Eberhard Friedrich Georgii in Stuttgart, who intended his nephew to become a clergyman. Therefore, after one year at the Stuttgart "Gymnasium illustre", Mörike joined the Evangelical Seminary Urach, a humanist grammar school, in 1818 and from 1822 to 1826 attended the Tübinger Stift. There, he scored low grades and failed the admission test to Urach Seminary, yet was accepted anyhow. At the Seminary he went on to study the classics, something that was to become a major influence on his writing, and he made the acquaintance of Wilhelm Hartlaub and Wilhelm Waiblinger. Afterwards he studied theology at the Seminary of Tübingen where he met Ludwig Bauer, David Friedrich Strauss and Friedrich Theodor Vischer.

paragraph: Many of these friendships were long-lasting. In Tübingen, with Bauer, he invented the fairyland "Orplid" – see the poem "Song Weylas (You are Orplid)" dating from 1831.

paragraph: Mörike became a Lutheran pastor and, in 1834, he was appointed vicar of Cleversulzbach near Weinsberg. In the Autumn of 1843 he stayed for over half a year with his friend Pastor Wilhelm Hartlaub (1804–1885) in the village of , situated in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany. During this time he produced a drawing of the Wermutshausen Petruskirche, dating from the early 1800s. This drawing is speculated, due to the perspective, to be from a top-floor room of a local brewery, distillery, and guesthouse at the edge of town, which remains in operation today as Gasthaus und Manufaktur Krone Wermutshausen. In town there is also a Museum commemorating this visit, in which guests can see the room in which Mörike lived. For reasons of health, Mörike retired quite early, and in 1851 became professor of German literature at the Katharinenstift in Stuttgart. This office he held until he retired in 1866. He continued to live in Stuttgart until his death.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Mörike was a member of the so-called Swabian school of writers around Ludwig Uhland. His poems ("Gedichte", 1838), are mostly lyrical, yet often humorous and written in simple and seemingly everyday German. His ballad "Schön Rotraut" – opening with the line "Wie heisst König Ringangs Töchterlein?" – became a popular favorite.

paragraph: His first published work was the novel "Maler Nolten" ("The painter Nolten", 1832), a tale about the life of a painter, and which revealed his imaginative power; it became fairly popular. The novella "Mozart auf der Reise nach Prag" ("Mozart on the way to Prague", 1856) was a humorous examination of the problems of artists in a world uncongenial to art. It is frequently cited as his finest achievement. He also wrote a somewhat fantastic "Idylle vom Bodensee, oder Fischer Martin und die Glockendiebe" (1846), the fairy tale "Das Stuttgarter Hutzelmännlein" (1855), and published a collection of hymns, odes, elegies, and idylls of the Greeks and Romans, entitled "Klassische Blumenlese" (1840). He also translated Anacreon and Theocritus into German.

paragraph: Mörike's "Gesammelte Schriften" ("Collected Writings") were first published posthumously in 1878 (4 vols.). Later editions are those edited by R. Krauss (6 vols., 1905), and the "Volksausgabe" ("Popular edition"), published by Göschen (4 vols., 1905). Selections from his literary estate were published by R. Krauss in "Eduard Mörike als Gelegenheitsdichter" (1895), and his correspondence with Hermann Kurz, Moritz von Schwind, and Theodor Storm, by J. Bachtold (1885–1891); an edition of Mörike's "Ausgewählte Briefe" ("Selected letters"), in 2 vols., appeared 1903–1904.

paragraph: His work was greatly praised by the philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein who recommended him to Bertrand Russell as really a "great" poet and his poems are among the best things we have...the beauty of Mörike's work is very closely related to Goethe's.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Musical settings.

paragraph: Many of his lyrics were set to music by Hugo Wolf, Ludwig Hetsch and Fritz Kauffmann. Ignaz Lachner set to music his opera "Die Regenbrüder". Many of his poems became established folksongs. Wilhelm Killmayer set several of his poems in his song cycle "" in 2003.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:As an artist.

paragraph: Mörike was also known to produce drawings in his time, though it is not the subject of much discussion. While staying in the town of Wermutshausen in the Autumn of 1843, Mörike produced a drawing of the Persuskirche, a small church built in the early 1800s.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Poetry of Eduard Mörike in English Translation

description: German poet

wikidata_label: Eduard Mörike

wikipedia_title: Eduard Mörike


text:
Budapest
National Assembly
Józsefváros
Gustav Sicher
Budapest Rabbinical Seminary
Dohány Street Synagogue
Order of the Flag
Hungarian People's Republic
National Assembly
Sándor Scheiber
Salgó László Főrabbi Alapítvány
Salgó László (tortenelmitar.hu)

categories: Hungarian Jews,1910 births,Members of the National Assembly of Hungary (1980–1985),Hungarian rabbis,1985 deaths,People from Budapest,Members of the National Assembly of Hungary (1985–1990)

paragraph: László Salgó

paragraph: László Salgó (23 April 1910, Budapest – 24 July 1985, Budapest) was a Hungarian rabbi and member of the National Assembly.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He became a rabbi in 1935, and then became deputy rabbi and worked at the synagogue in Józsefváros, and became chief rabbi at the same place after 1945. In July 1957, he served on a delegation of Hungarian rabbis to a celebration of the tenth anniversary of Gustav Sicher's installation as the chief rabbi of Prague. In 1959, he was the Director of the Budapest Rabbinate (ritual as superintendent) and worked as a professor at the National Jewish Theological Seminary, also known as the Budapest Rabbinical Seminary. He was a member of the National Jewish Council. From 1971 until his death, he was the Deputy Chief Rabbi of the Dohány Street Synagogue in Budapest and the senior rabbi of the main temple. On April 22, 1980, he was awarded the Order of the Flag of the Hungarian People's Republic. He was a member of Hungary's National Assembly from 1981 through 1985. Upon the death of the rabbinical seminary's director Sándor Scheiber in March 1985, Salgó briefly assumed the directorship until his own death later that year.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- A Baraita (Bp., 1932); A fővárosi zsidóság vallási élete (Új Élet Naptár, 1959)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Emlékek a Zsidó Gimnázium első évtizedéből (Magy. Izraeliták Orsz. Képviselete (MIOK) Évkönyv, Bp., 1970)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Emlékeimből (MIOK Évkönyv, 1983–84, Bp., 1984)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Salgó László Főrabbi Alapítvány

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Salgó László (tortenelmitar.hu)

description: Hungarian politician

wikidata_label: László Salgó

wikipedia_title: László Salgó


text:
Turkish
freestyle wrestler
men's freestyle 65 kg
2016 Summer Olympics
Alejandro Valdés

categories: Mediterranean Games medalists in wrestling,Olympic wrestlers of Turkey,Wrestlers at the 2016 Summer Olympics,Competitors at the 2013 Mediterranean Games,1992 births,Turkish male sport wrestlers,Mediterranean Games gold medalists for Turkey,Living people

paragraph: Mustafa Kaya

paragraph: Mustafa Kaya (born June 6, 1992) is a Turkish freestyle wrestler. He competed in the men's freestyle 65 kg event at the 2016 Summer Olympics, in which he was eliminated in the round of 32 by Alejandro Valdés.

description: Turkish freestyle wrestler

wikidata_label: Mustafa Kaya

wikipedia_title: Mustafa Kaya


text:
Hoboken, New Jersey
Ramapo College
Institute of Audio Research
Moog Guitar
Joe Lynn Turner
Sebastian Bach
Sen Dog
Cypress Hill
Corazon Valiente
Dama Y Obrero
Marido en alquiler
Floyd Rose
NAMM Show

categories: Ramapo College alumni,Male actors from New Jersey,1979 births,Guitarists from New Jersey,Living people

paragraph: Sergio Michel

paragraph: Sergio Michel (born April 15, 1979), is an American guitarist, songwriter and actor. Michel's style of metal guitar playing came into mainstream attention with his 2004 breakthrough single 'Hey Eyes' and 2013 album release 'Marry Me Cindy'. He has been active in the New York music scene for over a decade. his songs have gone viral on several occasions.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Michel was born in Hoboken, New Jersey to AAA Baseball Player Sergio Agusto Michel and Attorney Margarita Michel-Gaston. He began taking guitar lessons at an early age. He has cited artists like Metallica and The Smiths as his early inspiration. While studying for his degree in audio engineering, Michel hosted a Talk Radio Show, Mayhem in The AM on 90.3 FM broadcasting from Ramapo College in New Jersey. In the late 1990s through 2004, Michel fronted well known groups in New York metal scene. He is a graduate of Institute of Audio Research.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Michel started performing as a professional guitarist in 2001. In 2004, Michel came to international attention with his breakthrough single 'Hey Eyes'. His 2013 release "Marry Me, Cindy" went viral with the single 'I Close My Eyes', reaching over 175,000 viral plays and was verified as a trending video twice. The second single 'Bow Down', was verified as trending ten times. He recently premiered his first official music video for 'The Desert At Night' off 2011's critically acclaimed "Sorrowful Psalms: Uplifting 'Depressing' Music".

paragraph: As a musician, he has also been involved in technical aspects of guitar sound. He has worked on developing and improving guitar equipment and effects, and has been a part of development team at Overloud for creating patches for the widely popular TH1 guitar processor software. He has tested Moog Guitar for Moog and was also a beta tester for the revolutionary LTH-1 guitar and Naturacoustic pickups by Lashbrook Guitars.

paragraph: Section::::Collaborations & Artist Management.

paragraph: As a production artist, Michel has worked with famous musicians. He has co-written songs with artists like Joe Lynn Turner and Sebastian Bach. Also, through his independent artist management, he helps upcoming artists. He has worked with artists like Sen Dogg from Cypress Hill to develop talent for major label consideration.

paragraph: Section::::Television and Acting.

paragraph: Michel has appeared on reality TV in shows like TMZ Live and Sergio's Blog that ran for 2 seasons between 2011-2012. His credits as an actor also include Spanish language TV shows like Corazon Valiente, Dama Y Obrero and Marido en alquiler.

paragraph: Section::::Endorsements & Achievements.

paragraph: Michel holds official product endorsements with multiple top musical instrument manufacturing brands including Floyd Rose, Osiamo/Pickboy, Aurora Strings & Kam Industries; appearing on behalf of sponsors regularly as an artist of interest at the NAMM Show. As a celebrity, in 2016, Sergio Michel ranked as the #22 most famous American of Hispanic heritage according to Famous Fix, while Top-On-Social calculated Sergio Michel as the #4 most-searched-for musician on Facebook.

description: actor

wikidata_label: Sergio Michel

wikipedia_title: Sergio Michel


text:
French
1920 Summer Olympics

categories: Medalists at the 1920 Summer Olympics,1899 births,Athletes (track and field) at the 1920 Summer Olympics,Olympic athletes of France,French male sprinters,1986 deaths,Olympic bronze medalists for France,Olympic bronze medalists in athletics (track and field)

paragraph: Maurice Delvart

paragraph: Maurice Delvart (21 September 1899 – 24 December 1986) was a French sprinter who specialised in the 400 metres. He competed at the 1920 Summer Olympics in the 400 m and 4 × 400 m relay and won a bronze medal in the relay. Nationally Delvart finished second in the 400 m in 1919, 1920 and 1922. He set a world record over 500 m.

description: French sprinter

wikidata_label: Maurice Delvart

wikipedia_title: Maurice Delvart


text: Napoleonic Wars

text: general of brigade

text: Verona

text: Army of Italy

text: Magnano

text: the Trebbia

text: Novi

text: Genola

text: Stockach

text: Hohenlinden

text: Légion d'Honneur

text: general of division

text: War of the Fourth Coalition

text: Stralsund

text: Kolberg

text: Battle of Wagram

text: French invasion of Russia

text: Danzig

text: Napoleon

text: Hundred Days

text: Chamber of Deputies

text: Nancy

text: University of Göttingen

text: French Revolution

text: National Guard

text: Château-Salins

text: sous-lieutenant

text: grenadier

text: Louis Desaix

text: adjutant general

text: chef de bataillon (major)

text: Army of the Moselle

text: chef de brigade (colonel)

text: Pastrengo

text: Battle of Verona

text: general of brigade

text: Antoine Guillaume Delmas

text: Battle of Magnano

text: Demi-brigade

text: Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer

text: Claude Perrin Victor

text: Battle of Trebbia

text: Étienne MacDonald

text: Jean-Baptiste Dominique Rusca

text: Jean-Baptiste Salme

text: Tidone

text: Battle of Novi

text: Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon

text: Battle of Genola

text: Paul Grenier

text: Jean Victor Marie Moreau

text: Battle of Engen–Stockach

text: Iller

text: Claude Lecourbe

text: Battle of Neuburg

text: Battle of Hohenlinden

text: Johann Kollowrat

text: Archduke John

text: Antoine Richepanse

text: Michel Ney

text: Napoleon

text: Légion d'Honneur

text: general of division

text: War of the Fifth Coalition

text: Marshal

text: Peene

text: Stralsund

text: Anklam

text: Demmin

text: Kingdom of Holland

text: Siege of Kolberg

text: Stettin

text: Oder

text: Guillaume Brune

text: Siege of Stralsund

text: VIII Corps

text: Confederation of the Rhine

text: Bayonne

text: Battle of Bailén

text: Legion of the Vistula

text: III Corps

text: Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey

text: Battle of Tudela

text: V Corps

text: typhus

text: Ebro

text: Antoine Morlot

text: Louis François Félix Musnier

text: Jean-Andoche Junot

text: Jean Lannes

text: Aragon

text: Caspe

text: Alcañiz

text: Morella

text: Monzón

text: Pierre-Joseph Habert

text: Anne Gilbert de Laval

text: Joaquín Blake

text: Louis-Gabriel Suchet

text: Battle of Alcañiz

text: Landshut

text: II Corps

text: Battle of Aspern-Essling

text: Battle of Wagram

text: Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen

text: Baron of the Empire

text: Danzig

text: Louis-Nicolas Davout

text: French invasion of Russia

text: X Corps

text: Riga

text: Gilbert Bachelu

text: Étienne Pierre Sylvestre Ricard

text: Radziwiłł

text: Ludwig Yorck von Wartenburg

text: Convention of Tauroggen

text: Siege of Danzig

text: Jean Rapp

text: Order of Saint Louis

text: Hundred Days

text: Bourbon Restoration

text: Chamber of Deputies

text: Arc de Triomphe

wikipedia_title: Names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe

categories: 1828 deaths,French Republican military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars,French commanders of the Napoleonic Wars,Commandeurs of the Légion d'honneur,French generals,Members of the Chamber of Deputies of the Bourbon Restoration,1768 births

paragraph: Charles Louis Dieudonné Grandjean

paragraph: Charles Louis Dieudonné Grandjean (29 December 1768 – 15 September 1828) became a French division commander and saw extensive service during the Napoleonic Wars. In 1792 he gave up his legal career to enlist in the infantry and served in the Army of the Rhine. In March 1799 he earned promotion to general of brigade by distinguished actions at Verona. That year he led an Army of Italy brigade at Magnano, the Trebbia, Novi and Genola. In 1800 he fought at Stockach and Hohenlinden.

paragraph: Grandjean was awarded the Commander's Cross of the Légion d'Honneur in 1804 and elevated in rank to general of division in 1805. During the War of the Fourth Coalition he led a division at Stralsund and Kolberg. Transferring to Spain he fought at the First and Second Sieges of Zaragoza in 1808–09. Later that year he led a division at the Battle of Wagram. Grandjean and his division participated in the 1812 French invasion of Russia after which they were besieged and captured at Danzig in 1813. He rallied to Napoleon during the Hundred Days and was placed on the inactive list. In 1821 he was elected to the Chamber of Deputies. His surname is one of the names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe, on Column 16.

paragraph: Section::::Revolution.

paragraph: Section::::Revolution.:Early career.

paragraph: Grandjean was born at Nancy on 29 December 1768. As a youth, he enrolled at the University of Göttingen where he earned a law degree, following in the footsteps of his father who was a lawyer. After the outbreak of the French Revolution he joined the National Guard and soon commanded the unit at Château-Salins. In May 1792 he enlisted in the 105th Line Infantry Regiment and became a sous-lieutenant, fighting in the Army of the Rhine. In 1793 he was appointed to lead a grenadier battalion. That year he joined the staff of Louis Desaix as an assistant adjutant general. Grandjean received promotion to chef de bataillon (major) in 1794. During this period he served in the Army of the Moselle and the Army of the Rhine. He was elevated in rank to adjutant general chef de brigade (colonel) on 12 May 1796.

paragraph: By his actions at Pastrengo during the Battle of Verona Grandjean compelled 1,200 Austrians to lay down their weapons. For this exploit he earned a battlefield promotion to general of brigade on 26 March 1799. He led a brigade in the division of Antoine Guillaume Delmas at the Battle of Magnano on 5 April 1799. The division included three battalions each of the 26th, 31st and 93rd Line Infantry Demi-brigades, a grenadier battalion, 1,800 cavalry and a company of foot artillery. The French army commander Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer allowed his divisions to fight in isolation. The left flank divisions were successful but Delmas in the center was late to battle and the French right flank divisions were overwhelmed by superior numbers. Schérer conceded victory to the Austrians and began a long retreat.

paragraph: Grandjean led a brigade in Claude Perrin Victor's division at the Battle of Trebbia. Under his command were the 5th, 39th and 92nd Line Infantry Demi-brigades, a total of 3,765 foot soldiers. The army commander Étienne MacDonald was feverish from a wound and was unable to coordinate his divisions effectively. On 17 June the leading divisions of Victor, Jean-Baptiste Dominique Rusca, Jean Henri Dombrowski and Jean-Baptiste Salme attacked without orders and were repulsed at the Tidone River. The next day the French were able to hold off the Austro-Russian attacks. On the 19 June, MacDonald ordered a general assault which was beaten back with heavy losses. Victor exploited a gap in the enemy lines but he was compelled to withdraw after the defeat of the other divisions. French generals Victor, Rusca, Dombrowski, Salme, Grandjean, Jean-Baptiste Olivier and Alexis Aimé Pierre Cambray were wounded, the last fatally.

paragraph: At the Battle of Novi on 15 August 1799, Grandjean commanded a brigade in Emmanuel Grouchy's division of Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon's Left Wing. Under his command were the 26th, 39th and 92nd Line Infantry Demi-brigades. Though holding high ground, Grouchy's division on the left flank was unprepared for the Austrian attack at dawn and was pushed back. However, the nearby French reserves were sent into the fight and forced the Austrians off the heights. At about this time the French army commander Barthélémy Catherine Joubert was killed. The French left wing repulsed a second Austrian assault at mid-morning. The French lines finally collapsed in the late afternoon and enemy cavalry cut down and captured both Grouchy and Pérignon.

paragraph: After Novi, Grandjean succeeded to the leadership of Grouchy's division. When Victor's Trebbia wound healed, he replaced Grandjean as division commander. Grandjean led his brigade in Victor's division at the Battle of Genola on 4–5 November 1799. The new army commander Jean Étienne Championnet attacked with his divisions spread out while the Austrians were concentrated. On the 4th, Victor's right flank division held its own but the Austrians overpowered Paul Grenier's division on the left flank. On the 5th, the Austrians captured many French troops and chased their foes into the mountains. Victor lost 6,000 of his 9,000 soldiers in the debacle.

paragraph: In April 1800, Grandjean transferred to the division of Delmas in Jean Victor Marie Moreau's Army of the Rhine where he served as a brigadier. He fought at the Battle of Engen–Stockach where he distinguished himself. Soon he replaced Delmas as division commander. He led the division during a series of successful clashes along the Iller River on 5 June 1800. He fought under Claude Lecourbe at the Battle of Neuburg after which an armistice came into force. On 3 December 1800, he led a brigade in Grouchy's division at the Battle of Hohenlinden though it is not stated which units were under his command. Early that morning, the Austrian left center column under Johann Kollowrat and Archduke John blundered into Grouchy's division and the fighting began. At first the 108th Line Infantry fought stubbornly but it was driven back. Grouchy ordered a counterattack by the 46th and 57th Line Infantry, followed by a cavalry charge that forced the Austrian advanced guard back into the forest. Later in the day, Antoine Richepanse's division enveloped the Austrian south flank and attacked Kollowrat's column from the rear. Caught between the divisions of Grouchy, Richepanse and Michel Ney, Kollowrat's column disintegrated into flight and the archduke only escaped the disaster by hard riding. The Austrians suffered 1,900 men killed and wounded and 8,000 men and 50 guns captured.

paragraph: Section::::Empire.

paragraph: Section::::Empire.:Northern Europe.

paragraph: Afterward, Grandjean held commands in the 4th and 5th Military Divisions. Emperor Napoleon awarded him with the Commander's Cross of the Légion d'Honneur on 14 June 1804. This was followed by a promotion to general of division on 1 February 1805. He assumed command of the 25th Military Division in March 1805 and led a reserve division when the War of the Fifth Coalition broke out that August. In late 1806, he was assigned to a command in Northern Europe under Marshal Édouard Mortier, duc de Trévise.

paragraph: At the start of 1807, French forces led by Mortier crossed the Peene River and advanced toward Stralsund with two divisions. On the east, Grandjean started his division from Anklam and drove back the Swedish outposts. On the west, the division of Pierre Louis Dupas crossed the Peene without opposition at Demmin. Mortier's two divisions closed up to the city and began the blockade on 30 January. For two months there were clashes as the French tightened their investment of the port, but were unable to stop Stralsund from being supplied by sea. While French troops amounting to one cavalry and three infantry regiments were withdrawn to fight against the Russians, they were replaced by soldiers from the Kingdom of Holland.

paragraph: Mortier received orders to maintain the blockade with Grandjean's division and march with his other forces to assist in the Siege of Kolberg. After Mortier left, the Swedes drove Grandjean's outnumbered troops from their siege lines. Grandjean fell back to Anklam where he was attacked again on 3 April and compelled to withdraw southeast to Stettin on the Oder River, reaching there on 7 April. Mortier retraced his steps and by 13 April had assembled 12,000–13,000 men at Stettin, the same as the Swedes. In rainy weather, Mortier drove his adversaries back to Anklam and after a scuffle, the Swedes retreated to the north bank of the Peene on 17 April. Franco-Allied troops under Guillaume Brune successfully concluded the Siege of Stralsund on 20 August 1807.

paragraph: The French VIII Corps under Mortier began the Siege of Kolberg on 20 March 1807. The siege force numbered no more than 14,000 men and 41 artillery pieces at any time and consisted of French, Dutch, Italian, Polish, Rhenish and Württemberger troops. During part of the siege, Grandjean led an all-Dutch division that included two battalions each of the 1st and 2nd Light and the 2nd, 4th, 7th and 8th Line Infantry Regiments plus four squadrons each of the 1st and 2nd Hussar Regiments. The 6,000-man Prussian garrison conducted such an effective defense that Mortier abandoned the siege on 2 July. Franco-Allied losses were 102 officers and 5,000 rank and file killed, wounded or died of sickness while Prussian casualties numbered 55 officers and 3,000 men. In November 1807 Grandjean supervised a division of Confederation of the Rhine troops in Pommerania. In April 1808 he was sent to Bayonne to lead a division headed for Spain.

paragraph: Section::::Empire.:Spain.

paragraph: The First Siege of Zaragoza lasted from 15 June to 14 August 1808. The struggle was notable for brutal house-to-house fighting. The French attackers abandoned 54 cannons and withdrew after receiving news of the disastrous Battle of Bailén, having suffered 3,500 casualties. Grandjean arrived at some time during the siege and directed a 2,991-man force that included the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the 2nd Legion of the Vistula (a Polish unit), the 3rd Battalion of the 70th Line Infantry Regiment and the 4 and 6 March Battalions.

paragraph: After a reorganization, Grandjean took charge of the 4th Division in the III Corps under Marshal Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey. The division consisted of three battalions of the 5th Light Infantry Regiment, two battalions of the 1st Legion of the Vistula and four battalions of the 2nd Legion of the Reserve. These troops participated in the Battle of Tudela on 23 November 1808, though Grandjean's division did not fire a shot or suffer any casualties. The division was soon broken up and Grandjean assumed command of the 1st Division in the same corps. He led four battalions of the 14th Line, three battalions of the 44th Line, one battalion of the 70th Line and two battalions each of the 2nd and 3rd Legions of the Vistula.

paragraph: The Second Siege of Zaragoza began on 19 December 1808 and ended 20 February 1809 when the city surrendered. This time the French employed both Mortier's V Corps and Moncey's III Corps. As in the first siege, fighting was extremely bitter and costly for both sides. French losses are estimated at 10,000 killed, wounded and died of disease. Spanish losses were appalling, with 18,000 killed or dead from disease and 12,000 captured. Another 34,000 civilians perished, mostly from typhus and the city was in ruins. Though the soldiers of Moncey's corps were already suffering from illness at the start of the siege, they were called upon to do most of the fighting. The III Corps approached the city on the south side of the Ebro River with the divisions of Grandjean, Antoine Morlot and Louis François Félix Musnier. At the end of December Moncey was replaced by Jean-Andoche Junot.

paragraph: On 10 January 1809 Grandjean's troops captured a key outwork, the San José Convent. On 22 January Marshal Jean Lannes took command of the siege from Junot. On 27 January the light companies of Grandjean's 1st Brigade successfully stormed a breach in the city walls near the Palafox Battery and Musnier's division broke into the city in another place. Ordinarily, a lodgment within a city's walls would prompt the defenders to ask for terms, but the Spanish continued to fight behind barricaded houses and churches. Lannes determined to reduce the city building-by-building if necessary. Grandjean's division stormed the Santa Monica Convent on 30 January. Two days later the French overran the adjoining San Augustin Convent after a murderous struggle amid the pews of the convent church. That day, the 44th Line broke through the defenders and advanced to the center of the city but were then driven back nearly to their starting point after losing 200 men. Henceforth, Lannes decreed that the attackers must first consolidate their gains. As the French continued to edge forward street by street, covered by their plentiful artillery, the defense finally started to collapse. On 18 February, Grandjean's division seized the University and two days later the Spanish capitulated.

paragraph: Since most of the fighting strength of Aragon was killed or captured in the siege, the two corps of Junot and Mortier rapidly overran the Ebro valley. Grandjean's division seized Caspe and Alcañiz before moving south as far as Morella. Badly overextended, he abandoned Morella soon after. On 5 April, Napoleon ordered Mortier's corps to withdraw from Aragon, leaving Junot's corps too weak to hold the province. On 5 May at Monzón, Spanish guerillas inflicted a defeat on one of Grandjean's brigades led by Pierre-Joseph Habert. His other brigade under Anne Gilbert de Laval was forced to relinquish Alcañiz to a Spanish army under Joaquín Blake on 19 May. On this day, Junot was replaced in command of the III Corps by Louis-Gabriel Suchet. In his first independent command, Suchet received a drubbing from Blake at the Battle of Alcañiz on 23 May 1809. In the next few weeks, Suchet reorganized, paid and properly uniformed his small corps. He also dismissed a number of officers. Grandjean was replaced by Laval and sent back to France.

paragraph: Section::::Empire.:Wagram to Danzig.

paragraph: In April 1809 Grandjean transferred to Germany where he took command of Landshut. He assumed command of the II Corps division of Louis-Vincent-Joseph Le Blond de Saint-Hilaire after that general was fatally wounded at the Battle of Aspern-Essling. On 5–6 July 1809 he led the division at the Battle of Wagram. His command included three battalions each of the 10th Light and 3rd, 57th, 72nd and 105th Line Infantry Regiments plus 16 guns in one 8-pounder and one 6-pounder battery. On the evening of the 5th, Grandjean's division attacked Baumersdorf and captured 2,000 Austrians and four colors. However, the Austrian army commander Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen personally directed several cavalry charges which forced the division to withdraw. The II Corps assault on 6 July was successful in pressing back the Austrian left wing. Grandjean had two horses killed under him during the battle.

paragraph: Napoleon appointed Grandjean a Baron of the Empire on 31 January 1810. Grandjean headed the 14th Military Division from May 1810 until May 1811 when he became second-in-command at Danzig. He took command of the Polish-German 7th Infantry Division under the overall leadership of Marshal Louis-Nicolas Davout in September 1811.

paragraph: During the French invasion of Russia, Grandjean commanded the 11,000-man 7th Division in the X Corps under Marshal MacDonald. The corps was a 32,497-strong formation that included 2,474 cavalry and 84 cannons. The other two divisions in the corps were made up of Prussian soldiers. From 24 July to 18 December 1812, the X Corps maintained an unsuccessful blockade of Riga. Grandjean's division had three infantry brigades supported by four squadrons of the 1st Prussian Hussar Regiment and two Polish horse artillery companies. Gilbert Bachelu's brigade consisted of two battalions of the 1st Westphalian Regiment and four battalions of the 11th Polish Regiment. Étienne Pierre Sylvestre Ricard's brigade included two battalions of the 13th Bavarian Regiment and four battalions of the 5th Polish Regiment. Prince Radziwiłł's brigade comprised four battalions of the 10th Polish Regiment. During the withdrawal from Riga, Prussian General Ludwig Yorck von Wartenburg signed the Convention of Tauroggen with the Russians on 30 December, taking the Prussians out of the French alliance.

paragraph: The 7th Division retreated to Danzig where it formed part of the 36,000-man garrison. The Siege of Danzig lasted from 16 January to 29 November 1813 when Jean Rapp surrendered to a 40,000-man Russo-Prussian army. During the lengthy siege, French-Allied defenders lost 6,000 killed and wounded, 8,000 desertions, 6,000 sick and 16,000 captured as well as 1,300 artillery pieces. Grandjean was released from captivity after Napoleon's abdication.

paragraph: Section::::Later career.

paragraph: Grandjean received the Order of Saint Louis in 1814. The following year he joined Napoleon during the Hundred Days and was assigned to lead the 17th Infantry Division in Rapp's V Corps. After the second Bourbon Restoration he was placed on the inactive list. He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies in 1821 and stood with the opposition party. He died at Nancy on 15 September 1828. The name GRANDJEAN is on the eastern side of the Arc de Triomphe.

description: French politician

wikidata_label: Charles Louis Dieudonné Grandjean

wikipedia_title: Charles Louis Dieudonné Grandjean


text:
business magnate
investor
philanthropist
Allan Gray Investment Management
East London
Selborne College
Rhodes University
Harvard Business School
Cape Town
Warren Buffett's
Berkshire Hathaway
University of Cape Town

wikipedia_title:
Business magnate
Investor
Philanthropy
Allan Gray Investment Management
East London, Eastern Cape
Selborne College
Rhodes University
Harvard Business School
Cape Town
Warren Buffett
Berkshire Hathaway
University of Cape Town

categories: South African philanthropists,Rhodes University alumni,Alumni of Selborne College,People from East London, Eastern Cape,1938 births,South African businesspeople,Harvard Business School alumni,Living people

paragraph: Allan Gray (investor)

paragraph: Allan William Buchanan Gray is a South African business magnate, investor and philanthropist. He is best known as one of the richest men in Africa and founder of the privately owned Allan Gray Investment Management as well as the non-profit Allan Gray Orbis Foundation and the Allan and Gill Gray Charitable Trust. Before he donated his stake in Allan Gray Investment Management his net worth was estimated to have been US$10.5 billion (105 billion South African Rand) in 2013.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Gray was born in the South African city of East London in 1938. After completing high school at Selborne College, he studied accounting at Rhodes University and went on to earn an MBA at Harvard Business School in 1965.

paragraph: Section::::Professional life.

paragraph: After Harvard, Gray started working for the asset management Fidelity Management and Research in Boston, where he stayed for eight years. He returned to South Africa in 1973 to founded what would become Allan Gray Investment Management in Cape Town. The company initially focused on investment counselling, later growing to include institutional clients. He then set up Orbis Investment Management Limited in 1989 in London to focus on investing in the international markets. Two years later the company relocated its headquarters to Bermuda. By 2015, Orbis was managing over $30 billion in assets. Similarly, Orbis's sister company, Allan Gray Investment Management grew to be South Africa's largest privately held Investment Management firm, managing over $35 Billion in client capital, making Mr. Gray one of Africa's richest men, with a net worth above $2 Billion. The return on investment from Allan Gray and Orbis since its founding is comparable in success to Warren Buffett's firm Berkshire Hathaway.

paragraph: Section::::Philanthropy.

paragraph: Gray established the Allan Gray Foundation in 2007 with a US$130 million endowment to fund bursaries and scholarships for talented South African high school students. This was the largest single recorded donation to a charity in South Africa at the time. In 1979 he founded the Allan and Gill Gray Charitable Trust. In 2016 Allan donated his entire stake in his company to the Allan and Gill Gray Charitable Trust so that dividends from his share in both the South African company and the Orbis Group can be exclusively used for philanthropic purposes.

paragraph: Section::::Awards and honours.

paragraph: In 2012 Gray was awarded an honorary Doctor of Economic Science from the University of Cape Town.

description: South African businessperson

wikidata_label: Allan Gray

wikipedia_title: Allan Gray (investor)


text:
Indianapolis
P. F. Volland Company

wikipedia_title:
Indianapolis
P. F. Volland Company

categories: American artists,1913 deaths,1866 births

paragraph: Wilhelmina Seegmiller

paragraph: Wilhelmina Seegmiller (1866-1913) was an American artist whose Applied Arts Drawing Books were used ubiquitously throughout American schools. She worked as an art teacher in the public schools in Indianapolis beginning in 1895.

paragraph: In 1909, she convinced the legislature of Indianapolis to pass a law allowing school boards to split $0.5 of each taxable $100 with the associations for art education in cities that had art associations. She also changed art education in Indianapolis by encouraging schools to use professional artists to teach art.

paragraph: She wrote the children's books "Rhymes for Little Readers", "Other Rhymes for Little Readers", and "Sing a Song of Season", the last of which she also illustrated. She illustrated books and provided art for greeting cards for P. F. Volland Company, including its 1911 "The Hand Clasp" which she also wrote.

description: American artist

wikidata_label: Wilhelmina Seegmiller

wikipedia_title: Wilhelmina Seegmiller


text:
Italian
Renaissance
Venice
Flemish
Leonardo Corona
unfinished

categories: Venetian painters,Italian male painters,Italian Renaissance painters,17th-century Italian painters,Year of birth uncertain,16th-century Italian painters,People from Venice

paragraph: Baldassare d'Anna

paragraph: Baldassare or Baldasarre d'Anna ( – after 1639) was an Italian painter of the late-Renaissance period.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born in Venice to a Flemish family, and trained with Leonardo Corona. The date of his death is uncertain, but he seems to have been alive in 1639. For a number of years he studied under Corona, and on the death of that painter completed several works left unfinished by him. His own activity seems to have been confined to the production of pieces for several of the churches and a few private houses in Venice, and the old guide-books and descriptions of the city notice a considerable number of paintings by him. Scarcely any have survived.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Attribution:

description: Italian painter

wikidata_label: Baldassare d'Anna

wikipedia_title: Baldassare d'Anna


text: New Liskeard

text: Ontario

text: ice hockey

text: goaltender

text: Free Agent

text: Deutsche Eishockey Liga

text: Hamburg Freezers

text: Kingston Frontenacs

text: National Hockey League

text: Montreal Canadiens

text: 1992 NHL Entry Draft

text: Patrick Labrecque

text: Martin Brochu

text: Fredericton Canadiens

text: AHL

text: Wheeling Thunderbirds

text: ECHL

text: Chicago Blackhawks

text: Indianapolis Ice

text: IHL

text: Cleveland Lumberjacks

text: Jocelyn Thibault

text: Steve Passmore

text: St. Louis Blues

text: Boston Bruins

text: Columbus Blue Jackets

text: Syracuse Crunch

text: Edmonton Oilers

text: Jussi Markkanen

text: Tommy Salo

text: Hamilton Bulldogs

text: Detroit Red Wings

text: Grand Rapids Griffins

text: Joey MacDonald

text: Aldege "Baz" Bastien Memorial Award

text: Harry "Hap" Holmes Memorial Award

text: Goals against average

text: Dominik Hašek

text: Curtis Joseph

text: Manny Legace

text: 2004–05 NHL lockout

text: Lokomotiv Yaroslavl

text: Severstal Cherepovets

text: Severstal

text: SKA Saint Petersburg

text: Pelicans

text: SM-liiga

text: Hamburg Freezers

text: Deutsche Eishockey Liga

categories: Sportspeople from Temiskaming Shores,Severstal Cherepovets players,Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Germany,Kingston Frontenacs players,Indianapolis Ice players,Syracuse Crunch players,Detroit Red Wings players,Lokomotiv Yaroslavl players,Grand Rapids Griffins players,Hamilton Bulldogs (AHL) players,Detroit Vipers players,SKA Saint Petersburg players,Montreal Canadiens draft picks,Lahti Pelicans players,Living people,Barys Astana players,Hamburg Freezers players,Chicago Blackhawks players,Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Finland,Cleveland Lumberjacks players,Ice hockey people from Ontario,Canadian ice hockey goaltenders,Fredericton Canadiens players,Wheeling Thunderbirds players,1974 births

paragraph: Marc Lamothe

paragraph: Marc Lamothe (born February 27, 1974 in New Liskeard, Ontario) is a professional ice hockey goaltender who is currently a Free Agent. He last played in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga for Hamburg Freezers during the 2010–11 season.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:Montreal Canadiens.

paragraph: Lamothe began his Junior hockey career with the Kingston Frontenacs before being drafted by the National Hockey League's Montreal Canadiens, 92nd Overall, in the 1992 NHL Entry Draft. When he turned pro in the 1994–95 season, the Canadiens assigned Patrick Labrecque and Martin Brochu to their top minor league affiliate, the Fredericton Canadiens of the AHL, leaving Lamothe to spend the majority of his rookie season with the Wheeling Thunderbirds of the ECHL. Despite this, Lamothe did play in 9 contests for the Fredericton Canadiens that year.

paragraph: During the 1995–96 season, Montreal gave him a spot on their AHL team. However, he did not see much action aside from 23 appearances. By season's end, it was clear he was not going to factor into the Canadiens plans and was subsequently released to free agency.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:Chicago Blackhawks.

paragraph: The Chicago Blackhawks signed Lamothe to a contract on 21 August 1996. Lamothe spent the next three seasons with Chicago's top minor league affiliate, the Indianapolis Ice of the IHL. With Indianapolis, Lamothe honed his game while waiting for his chance to be called up to the NHL. At the start of the 1999–2000 season, Lamothe left Indianapolis to play for the Cleveland Lumberjacks, though his rights were still maintained by Chicago. Early in the 1999–2000 campaign, Lamothe got the call from the Blackhawks who needed him to suit up as Jocelyn Thibault's back up as in injury fill in for Steve Passmore.

paragraph: Just four minutes into the game, Thibault went down with an injury and Lamothe made his NHL debut. The St. Louis Blues, however, were merciless, scoring seven times en route to an 8–3 victory. He was able turn things around after this tough first game a week later, when he stopped 22 of 25 shots against the Boston Bruins and posted his first NHL victory.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:Columbus Blue Jackets.

paragraph: After the season was over Lamothe signed a deal with the Columbus Blue Jackets on 1 September 2000. Lamothe spent the entire year in the minors, playing for the Syracuse Crunch of the AHL.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:Edmonton Oilers.

paragraph: After a year with Columbus, Lamothe signed on with the Edmonton Oilers for the 2001–02 season. Despite having a strong showing in training camp, the Oilers elected to go with Jussi Markkanen to back up Tommy Salo, leaving Lamothe to play for the Hamilton Bulldogs for the AHL.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:Detroit Red Wings.

paragraph: The Detroit Red Wings signed Lamothe on 6 August 2002 to a one-year contract. Upon his arrival with the organization, he was assigned to the club's AHL affiliate, the Grand Rapids Griffins, to act as a mentor for the developing goaltender Joey MacDonald. Lamothe had a strong season in the AHL that year, winning the Aldege "Baz" Bastien Memorial Award for being the AHL's best goaltender and sharing the Harry "Hap" Holmes Memorial Award with MacDonald for combining to have the lowest Goals against average in the AHL. His efforts did not go unnoticed by the Red Wings organization. On 1 July 2003, the first day of NHL free agency, Lamothe was re-signed to another year-long contract with the Red Wings. He would again begin the season assigned to the Griffins with MacDonald. However, as the season progressed, Dominik Hašek left the team due to injury while Curtis Joseph would become injured as well, leaving the Red Wings to call up Lamothe to support Manny Legace. While he was never needed to relieve Legace, Lamothe would start against his former club, the Edmonton Oilers, on 23 February 2004, skating to a 1–1 tie. The next morning, newspaper articles were printed in Canada documenting Lamothe's story, where he spent 10 years almost exclusively in the minors before starting in net for one of hockey's most popular and successful teams. Lamothe would get one more start before the season was over, making 26 saves for a 3–2 victory over the St. Louis Blues.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:European career.

paragraph: At the end of the season, economic woes befell the NHL and ultimately lead to the 2004–05 NHL lockout. Despite his success at the AHL level, Lamothe never caught on as a NHL goaltender before the lockout. However, Lamothe was generating interest from Russian Super League, which offered both a higher level of competition and a higher salary than the AHL could offer. On 14 June 2004, Lamothe moved overseas and signed with the Lokomotiv Yaroslavl. He appeared in 54 contests for them that season.

paragraph: On 22 July 2005, Lamothe signed with the Severstal Cherepovets. He would appear in 83 contests with them over 2 seasons, in addition to 8 playoff games during that same timeframe. With Severstal Lamothe won LenVO cup in August 2005. On 16 July 2007, Lamothe was signed by SKA Saint Petersburg and played with them for the remainder of that season. Lamothe left after the season was over and signed with Barys Astana for the 2008–09 season.

paragraph: Lamothe left Russia in the 2009–10 season, signing as a free agent to a one-year contract with Pelicans of the Finnish SM-liiga. Lamother played in 14 games with Pelicans before his season was abruptly ended in suffering a medial ligament tear in his knee.

paragraph: On April 7, 2010, Lamothe signed a one-year contract with the Hamburg Freezers of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga for the 2010–11 season. With a lack of form, Lamothe was relegated to backup goaltender and seldom used after 15 games; he was released by the Freezers and returned to North America on November 23, 2010.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marc Lamothe's Profile at hockeygoalies.org

description: Canadian ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Marc Lamothe

wikipedia_title: Marc Lamothe


text:
Bishop of Naples
exile
Council of Nicaea
Arianism
Bishop of Naples
Arianistic doctrine
martyred

categories: 4th-century Christian martyrs,Year of birth unknown,4th-century Romans,4th-century bishops,Italian saints,361 deaths,Bishops of Naples

paragraph: Maximus of Naples

paragraph: Saint Maximus (d. 361 AD) was Bishop of Naples, who was sent into exile. Maximus was known as a great defender of the decrees of the Council of Nicaea, especially with the opposition to Arianism. This led to his exile, and being replaced as Bishop of Naples, by Zosimos, who proclaimed the Arianistic doctrine. A well known legend states that each time Zosimos wanted to speak in public, his words would not come out. Many attributed this as a miracle, through the prayers of the exiled Maximus. He would be martyred in exile.

description: Bishop of Naples

wikidata_label: Maximus of Naples

wikipedia_title: Maximus of Naples


text:
Boston, Lincolnshire
Aprilia RSV4
Oulton Park
Kawasaki
Kawasaki
Oulton Park
Knockhill
Personal Website

categories: People from Boston, Lincolnshire,Living people,British Supersport Championship riders,1982 births

paragraph: Ben Wilson (motorcyclist)

paragraph: Ben Wilson (born 31 March 1982 in Boston, Lincolnshire) is a motorcycle racer. He currently rides an Aprilia RSV4 in the National Superstock 1000 Championship.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Starting Out.

paragraph: Wilson started off in sand racing in 1995, he quickly moved up the classes, debuting in the Supersport class in 2000 gaining a 15th-place finish at Oulton Park at his very first meeting. Ben then ran a mixture of Championships, including the Supersport and Superstock bikes until 2005. Ben and his grandmother exchange delightful emails with interesting details of their daily lives as often as possible. Rumor has it that he will give his drawing pad to Sydney when he gets a new one. Ben goes by the nickname of benniemac.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:British Superbike Championship.

paragraph: Ben got is big break in Superbike on a Kawasaki with Vivaldi racing. In the two years that Ben spent in British Superbike he finished 17th and 12th, stepping down from the class for 2007 and rejoining the Superstock class for the next two years.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:British Supersport Championship.

paragraph: For the 2009 season Wilson was signed by the Gearlink Kawasaki, Wilson had a good year in Supersport getting his first podium at Oulton Park. Wilson then went on to win his first race at Knockhill later in the season.

paragraph: Section::::Career statistics.

paragraph: Stats correct as of 25 June 2012

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Personal Website

description: British motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Ben Wilson

wikipedia_title: Ben Wilson (motorcyclist)


text:
Knaresborough
North Yorkshire
superbike
British Superbike Championship
Louth, Lincolnshire
Honda Fireblade CBR1000RR SP2
Yamaha YZF-R1
Chris Elkin
Donington
Aprilia RSV 250
Anthony West
Donington
Federico Sandi
British Supersport Championship
Brands Hatch
Snetterton
metatarsals
Brands Hatch
British Superbike Championship
Jon Kirkham
World Supersport Championship
Magny-Cours

categories: British Superbike Championship riders,People from Knaresborough,1988 births,Supersport World Championship riders,British Supersport Championship riders,Living people

paragraph: Dan Linfoot

paragraph: Daniel Craig Linfoot (born in Knaresborough, North Yorkshire) is a superbike rider who until 2018 competed in the British Superbike Championship for Honda Racing, a semi-private Honda-supported race team based in Louth, Lincolnshire,aboard a Honda Fireblade CBR1000RR SP2. For 2019, he will ride for TAG Yamaha aboard a Yamaha YZF-R1.

paragraph: Linfoot has been racing since 2002, when he began his racing career on minibikes, before progressing through to geared bikes in 2003.

paragraph: From 2003 to present, Dan has progressed from 125cc bikes to Superbikes, riding in MotoGP 250cc, World Supersport 600cc, and British Superbikes.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Starting Out.

paragraph: Linfoot started out in 2001-02 in the National Minibike Championships, later moving up the 125cc category in 2004. In 2005 Linfoot came 4th in the championship.

paragraph: Section::::MotoGP, 125cc, 250cc.

paragraph: In 2005, Linfoot make his 125cc Grand Prix debút alongside his compatriot Chris Elkin with wildcard facility at Donington. Linfoot finish the race respectable, 9th place after starting from 39th grid in wet race.

paragraph: Linfoot then went on to ride in the World 250cc championship in 2007 with Team Sicilia aboard Aprilia RSV 250 replacing Anthony West. In same conditions, Linfoot repeated his best result at Donington who finished the race in 9th again after starting from 21st on the grid.

paragraph: However, Linfoot failed to score the 6 remaining race. Linfoot was replaced by Federico Sandi onwards.

paragraph: Linfoot compete European superstock championship in 2008.

paragraph: Section::::European Superstock Championship.:British Supersport & Superbikes 2009-Present.

paragraph: For the 2009 season Linfoot moved back to England to race in the British Supersport Championship, Linfoot started well gaining a 3rd position at the first meeting at Brands Hatch. Linfoot was later injured due to a big crash during qualifying at Snetterton breaking his metatarsals. Linfoot returned 3 meetings later at Brands Hatch, gaining 7th and 5th places before been called up to the British Superbike Championship to replace the injured Jon Kirkham.

paragraph: Just a week after making his BSB debut Linfoot was given a wildcard entry to the World Supersport Championship at Magny-Cours.

paragraph: For the 2010 season Linfoot was signed by Rob Mac to ride the Motorpoint/Henderson Yamaha in the British Superbike Championship.

paragraph: Section::::Career statistics.

paragraph: Stats correct as of 9 July 2012

description: British motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Dan Linfoot

wikipedia_title: Dan Linfoot


text:
khan
Kazan Khanate
Astrakhan khan
Qasim II
Tsardom of Russia
Kazan
Shah Ali
Qol Sharif
Russia
Siege of Kazan
Christianity
Moscow
List of Kazan khans

categories: Russian former Muslims,Year of birth missing,1565 deaths,Khanate of Kazan,16th-century monarchs in Europe,Converts to Eastern Orthodoxy from Islam

paragraph: Yadegar Mokhammad of Kazan

paragraph: Yadegar Mokhammad (, Yädkär, Yädegär, ) (died 1565) was the last khan of the Kazan Khanate (March-October 1552). He was the son of Astrakhan khan Qasim II. Between 1542 and 1550 he was in the service of the Tsardom of Russia, participated in the attack on Kazan in 1550 and then joined the Nogais. Because of Kazan's near-defeat in 1550, in 1551 the peace party enthroned the pro-Russian khan Shah Ali. In 1552 the patriotic party regained power, Shah Ali fled and Yadegar was invited by Qol Sharif and Chapqin bek Otich uli (Çapqın bäk Otıç ulı, ) to the throne of the Kazan Khanate. Subsequently, he led the war against the Russian invasion. See Siege of Kazan. He was captured in October 1552 when Russian troops took Kazan. In 1553 he converted to Christianity, assumed the name of "Simeon Kasayevich" and lived in Moscow as a Russian nobleman.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Kazan khans

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry Hoyle Howorth, History of the Mongols, 1880, Part 2, pp 412-429

description: Khan of Kazan

wikidata_label: Yadegar Mokhammad of Kazan

wikipedia_title: Yadegar Mokhammad of Kazan


text:
Greek
epithet
Indo-Greek Kingdom
Taxila
Bopearachchi
Punjab
King Lysias
Heliocles I
Heliokles II
Amyntas
Diomedes
Hermaeus
Heliodorus pillar
Shunga
Bhagabhadra
Vidisha
Sanchi
Siddhartha Gautama
Queen Maya
Greco-Buddhist art
Taxila
Lysias
mule
W. W. Tarn
Coins of Antialcidas
More coins of Antialcidas
Catalog of the coins of Antialcidas

categories: Indo-Greek kings,1st-century BC rulers in Asia

paragraph: Antialcidas

paragraph: Antialcidas Nikephoros (Greek: ; epithet means "the Victorious") was an Indo-Greek king of the Indo-Greek Kingdom, who reigned from his capital at Taxila. Bopearachchi has suggested that he ruled from ca. 115 to 95 BCE in the western parts of the Indo-Greek realms, whereas R. C. Senior places him around 130 to 120 BCE and also in eastern Punjab (which seems better supported by coin findings). Senior does however believe that he ruled in tandem with King Lysias.

paragraph: Section::::Genealogy.

paragraph: Antialcidas may have been a relative of the Bactrian king Heliocles I, but ruled after the fall of the Bactrian kingdom. Several later kings may have been related to Antialcidas: Heliokles II, Amyntas, Diomedes and Hermaeus all struck coins with similar features.

paragraph: Section::::The Heliodorus inscription.

paragraph: Though there are few sources for the late Indo-Greek history, Antialcidas is known from an inscription left on a pillar (the Heliodorus pillar), which was erected by his ambassador Heliodorus at the court of the Shunga king Bhagabhadra at Vidisha, near Sanchi. It states that he was a devotee of Vishnu, the Hindu god.

paragraph: A part of the inscription says:

paragraph: Section::::Coins.

paragraph: Otherwise, Antialcidas is also known through his plentiful coins. He issued a number of bilingual Indian silver types: diademed, wearing a helmet with bull's horns or a flat kausia. He also appears throwing a spear. According to some interpretations (Grousset), the baby elephant may symbolize the Buddha Siddhartha Gautama, who took the shape of a small elephant to enter the womb of his mother Queen Maya, a scene often depicted in Greco-Buddhist art. In that case the coin scene would represent a victory of Buddhism. According to other interpretations the elephant was the symbol of the city of Taxila.

paragraph: Section::::"Mule coins" (overstrikes).

paragraph: There is a bronze which features the obverse of Lysias and the reverse of Antialcidas. This was interpreted by Tarn and other earlier scholars as though the two kings might have forged some kind of alliance, but later, a bronze with the opposite arrangement was found.

paragraph: Modern scholarship has however largely accepted that what was originally supposed to be a "joint issue" was in fact a mule; in other words, a mistake occurred in the process of overstriking the original coin, and it was accidentally issued with both king's standards.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Shape of Ancient Thought. Comparative studies in Greek and Indian Philosophies" by Thomas McEvilley (Allworth Press and the School of Visual Arts, 2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Buddhism in Central Asia" by B. N. Puri (Motilal Banarsidass, January 1, 2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Greeks in Bactria and India", W. W. Tarn, Cambridge University Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Indo-Greeks", A. K. Narain, B.R Publications

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Decline of the Indo-Greeks", R. C. Senior & D. MacDonald, the Hellenistic Numismatic Society

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Coins of Antialcidas

paragraph: BULLET::::- More coins of Antialcidas

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catalog of the coins of Antialcidas

wikidata_label: Antialcidas

wikipedia_title: Antialcidas


text: Łódź

text: Congress Poland

text: Warsaw

text: Poland

text: Polish

text: neurophysiologist

text: Ivan Pavlov

text: operant conditioning

text: grandmother cell

text: neural plasticity

text: Donald Hebb

text: secondary conditioned reflexes

text: B. F. Skinner

text: Liliana Lubinska

text: Louis Lapicque

text: Hebbian synapses

text: Donald Hebb

text: grandmother cell

text: invasion of Poland

text: Sukhumi

text: Georgia

text: Tbilisi

text: Sukhumi

text: Cambridge University Press

text: Stalinism

text: Krynica

text: National Academy of Sciences

text: neurobiologist

text: Bibliography of Jerzy Konorski

categories: Behaviourist psychologists,Polish neuroscientists,1903 births,Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences,1973 deaths,Neurophysiologists

paragraph: Jerzy Konorski

paragraph: Jerzy Konorski (1 December 1903 in Łódź, Congress Poland – 14 November 1973 in Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish neurophysiologist who further developed the work of Ivan Pavlov by discovering secondary conditioned reflexes and operant conditioning. He also proposed the idea of gnostic neurons, a concept similar to the grandmother cell. He coined the term neural plasticity, and he developed theoretical ideas regarding it that are similar to those proposed soon after by Donald Hebb.

paragraph: Section::::Secondary conditioned reflexes.

paragraph: When he and Stefan Miller were medical students in Warsaw they proposed another type of conditioned reflex in addition to that discovered by Pavlov which was under the control of reward. This has come to be known as "type II conditioned reflexes," or secondary conditioned reflexes Type II conditioned reflexes are now known as operant or instrumental conditioning.

paragraph: He spent two years at Pavlov's laboratory as the result of a letter that he sent to Pavlov describing this work. Pavlov however was never convinced that instrumental conditioning (which Konorski called "Type II" to distinguish it from Pavlov's "Type I" learning) differed in any important way from his own Type I conditioning.

paragraph: An exchange between B. F. Skinner and Konorski also occurred over the two types of learning. Skinner had originally referred to operant conditioning as Type I and Pavlovian conditioning as Type II. Konorski agreed to revise his nomenclature to avoid confusion.

paragraph: Section::::Neural plasticity.

paragraph: Konorski married the neurophysiologist Liliana Lubinska, who obtained her doctorate with Louis Lapicque. Konorski, Lubinska, and Miller established a laboratory at the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology. With Konorski's knowledge of neurophysiology greatly expanded through his collaboration with Lubinska, he turned his attention to the neural mechanisms that underlie conditioning.

paragraph: Konorski asked how pre-existing connections between neurons in the brain could be changed by conditioning. He suggested an idea similar to Hebb in which coincidental activation in time causes the potential connections to be transformed into actual excitatory connections. Inhibitory connections arise when the excitation of one input coincides in time with a decease in its associated connection. He described the process: "The plastic changes would be related to the formation and multiplication of new synaptic junctions between the axon terminals of one nerve cell and the soma (i.e. the body and the dendrites) of the other" This idea that synapses strengthen with use was also proposed in the West in the theory of Hebbian synapses by Donald Hebb.

paragraph: Section::::Grandmother cells.

paragraph: Konorski first proposed two key concepts in neuroscience (independently of Western scientists who also suggested them). The grandmother cell of the West which Konorski called "gnostic unit." This was developed in great detail in his 1967 book.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: He was the author of two important books on learning, "Conditioned Reflexes and Neuron Organization" (1948), and "Integrative Activity of the Brain" (1967). The first book, presented one of the first theories of associative learning as a result of long-term neuronal plasticity. In the second, he substantially revised his early theories and synthesised work on associative learning and neurobiology of perception and motivation.

paragraph: Section::::World War II and Stalin.

paragraph: The Department of Neurophysiology at the Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology in Warsaw, Poland was created for him but this was destroyed in the first days of the invasion of Poland in 1939. He failed to get to England to join his brother who lived there. Konorski managed to escape to the Soviet Union where he was appointed the head of the primate laboratory at Sukhumi on the Black Sea in Georgia. Due to German invasion of the Soviet Union, the laboratory was relocated to Tbilisi. He spent much of World War II at Sukhumi treating traumatic injuries of the central nervous system. After the war he returned to Nencki Institute as head of the Department of Neurophysiology. In 1948 Cambridge University Press published his "Conditioned reflexes and neuron organization". Then in 1949, during the peak of Stalinism, at a conference in Leningrad commemorating the 100th anniversary of Pavlov's birth, his book was condemned and rejected. In 1951, at a conference organized in Krynica in support of him, this was shown in a 40-minute period of continuous clapping and applause. With Stalin's death his prosecution ended.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Later Konorski became a foreign member of the National Academy of Sciences. Since his death his influence has grown considerably and now recognized as the first to systematically investigate the mechanisms underlying instrumental conditioning. Many consider him among the most important of theoretical neurobiologists.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bibliography of Jerzy Konorski Selected publications of Jerzy Konorski and history of the Department of Neurophysiology at Nencki Institute. (170MB in pdf files).

description: Polish neuroscientist

wikidata_label: Jerzy Konorski

wikipedia_title: Jerzy Konorski


text:
American
sprint car racing
Oolitic, Indiana
Steve Kinser
World of Outlaws
Knoxville Nationals
King's Royal
Knoxville Nationals
Donny Schatz
Sammy Swindell
NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series
SKB Racing
Kraig Kinser
NASCAR Sprint Cup
IndyCar
National Sprint Car Hall of Fame
Driver DB Profile

categories: 1964 births,People from Lawrence County, Indiana,Racing drivers from Indiana,World of Outlaws drivers,Living people

paragraph: Mark Kinser

paragraph: Mark Kinser (born May 5, 1964) is a retired American sprint car racing driver. He hails from Oolitic, Indiana.

paragraph: Cousin to Steve Kinser, Mark won the 1996 and 1999 World of Outlaws championship and was runner-up in 1991, 1998, and 2001. Mark is the 1996, 1999, and 2000 Knoxville Nationals champion as well as the 2001 King's Royal winner.

paragraph: In 2006, one of the World of Outlaws Sprint Car Series’ most successful drivers suddenly retired. After winning 153 features, standing on the podium 214 times, capturing the famed Knoxville Nationals three times and being crowned WoO champion in 1996 and 1999 he suddenly retired from professional racing.

paragraph: Mark is fourth on the all-time wins list with 153 A-feature wins, behind Donny Schatz, Sammy Swindell and cousin Steve, respectively.

paragraph: In 1997, Mark attempted to qualify for four NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series races, driving the No. 92 Chevrolet for SKB Racing, but failed to qualify for any of them. Unlike his cousin, Steve, or Kraig Kinser, Mark Kinser never ventured into NASCAR Sprint Cup or IndyCar.

paragraph: In 2014, Mark was inducted into the National Sprint Car Hall of Fame.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Driver DB Profile

description: American sprint car racing driver

wikidata_label: Mark Kinser

wikipedia_title: Mark Kinser


text: surveyor

text: New Zealand

text: Radford, Nottingham

text: England

text: E. S. Brookes Snr

text: Albertland Special Settlement

text: Kaipara

text: Auckland

text: surveying

text: Taranaki

text: Inglewood

text: Hawera

text: Waimate Plains

text: Peter Cheal

text: Waitara

text: Auckland Provincial

text: chaining

text: Gunter’s chain

text: Stratford

text: Parihaka

categories: 1840 births,New Zealand male writers,New Zealand memoirists,New Zealand surveyors,1904 deaths

paragraph: Edwin Stanley Brookes Jnr

paragraph: Edwin Stanley Brookes Jnr (1840–1904) was a prominent surveyor in the settlement of New Zealand during the mid-late 19th century.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Childhood and emigration.

paragraph: Edwin Stanley Brookes was born on 19 May 1840 in Radford, Nottingham, England. He was the eldest son of the Rev. E. S. Brookes Snr, who was one of the leaders of the Nonconformist Emigration Association and founders of the Albertland Special Settlement at Kaipara, Auckland in 1862. Edwin Jnr emigrated with his father, mother and two younger brothers aboard the "Matilda Wattenbach", arriving in Auckland on 8 September 1862. With Edwin on the Matilda Wattenbach were his two brothers, George Hovey Brookes and Charles Henry Brookes. His parents came much later in 1865 per 'Caduceus' , with the two youngest children. Other siblings came Elizabeth Ann who was married to Samuel White and Albert Ernest Brookes on the 'Gertrude'.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Surveying.

paragraph: Brookes was immediately appointed to one of the surveying parties that laid out the settlement, and after some years experience in the profession was appointed Assistant Surveyor on the Taranaki Provincial staff in 1873. He spent his time in Taranaki surveying settlements from Inglewood to Hawera and the Waimate Plains, working in conjunction with fellow surveyor Peter Cheal, and also carrying out surveys between Waitara and the Auckland Provincial boundary. In 1877 he introduced the use of the long steel wire for chaining purposes in place of the cumbersome Gunter’s chain. He oversaw the cutting of a Meridian line from Waitara southwards for a distance of 42 miles, and the original subdivision of blocks on the eastern side of the mountain. Brookes Road, on the outskirts of Stratford, takes its name from the surveyor.

paragraph: In 1885 Brookes resigned from the Lands and Survey Department and returned to the Albertland settlement. He went on to publish "Frontier Life in Taranaki" in 1892, in which he describes his surveying experiences, and particularly the tumultuous events surrounding the Parihaka affair and the subdivision of the Waimate Plains.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Family.

paragraph: Brookes was married twice, firstly to Jane Litchfield in 1870, with whom he had seven children, and secondly Sarah Anne Hine in 1886, with whom he had two children.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lawn, C. A. (2005), “The Pioneer Land Surveyors of New Zealand”

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lawn, C. A. (2005), “The Pioneer Land Surveyors of New Zealand – Biographical Notes”

paragraph: Albertland and Districts Museum shipping lists.

description: New Zealand surveyor

wikidata_label: Edwin Stanley Brookes Jnr

wikipedia_title: Edwin Stanley Brookes Jnr


text: property law

text: Harvard Law School

text: Ropes & Gray

text: John Codman Ropes

text: U.S. Supreme Court

text: Horace Gray

text: merchant

text: politician

text: William Gray

text: Brighton

text: Massachusetts

text: Boston Latin School

text: Harvard University

text: Bachelor of Arts

text: Harvard Law School

text: law degree

text: admitted to the bar

text: Union Army

text: American Civil War

text: 3rd Massachusetts Cavalry

text: major

text: Third Battle of Winchester

text: Boston, Massachusetts

text: Ropes and Gray

text: Isaac Royall, Jr.

text: honorary

text: Doctor of Laws

text: Yale University

text: future interests

text: common law

text: American law schools

text: law journal

text: Biography of John Chipman Gray

categories: Boston Latin School alumni,People associated with Ropes & Gray,1839 births,American legal writers,Scholars of property law,People of Massachusetts in the American Civil War,1915 deaths,Harvard Law School alumni,American legal scholars,Harvard Law School faculty

paragraph: John Chipman Gray

paragraph: John Chipman Gray (July 14, 1839February 25, 1915) was an American scholar of property law and professor at Harvard Law School. He also founded the law firm Ropes & Gray, with law partner John Codman Ropes. He was half-brother to U.S. Supreme Court associate justice Horace Gray, and a grandson of merchant and politician William Gray.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Gray was born in Brighton, Massachusetts to Horace and Sarah Russell (Gardner) Gray, and graduated from Boston Latin School. From there, he went on to Harvard University, where he earned his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1859, and Harvard Law School, where he earned his law degree in 1861. He was admitted to the bar in 1862, and thereafter served in the Union Army in the American Civil War. He enlisted from Boston as a 2nd lieutenant in Company B, 4th Battalion, Massachusetts Infantry on May 27, 1862, was mustered out a few days later, and commissioned into Company H, 3rd Massachusetts Cavalry on October 7, 1862. He left that unit to accept a commission as a major in the U.S. Volunteers Adjutant General Department on July 25, 1864. Gray was wounded at the Third Battle of Winchester on September 19, 1864, and resigned from the Army on July 14, 1865.

paragraph: Section::::Legal career.

paragraph: In 1865, after the end of the Civil War, Gray established his law practice in Boston, Massachusetts, which would eventually evolve into the modern firm of Ropes and Gray. In 1869, he began teaching at Harvard Law School, first as a lecturer, and became a full professor in 1875. In 1883, he was named Royall Professor of Law (a chair named for Isaac Royall, Jr.), a position he would hold for 20 years. He received honorary Doctor of Laws degrees from Yale University in 1894, and from Harvard in 1895.

paragraph: Two years after retiring from teaching, he died at Boston, Massachusetts on February 25, 1915.

paragraph: Section::::Works written by Gray.

paragraph: Gray wrote two books on future interests, "Restraints on the Alienation of Property" (1883), and "The Rule against Perpetuities" (1886). His best known work is his survey of the common law, "The Nature and Sources of the Law" (1909). Gray's writings were so influential that they are still used in American law schools and cited in law journals to this day.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article from Thompson-Gale Legal Encyclopedia, courtesy of Jrank

paragraph: BULLET::::- Index of Gray's correspondence, from Harvard University Library

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography of John Chipman Gray

description: American scholar of property law

wikidata_label: John Chipman Gray

wikipedia_title: John Chipman Gray


text:
Andria
Great Chamberlain
Sicilian throne
William II
Drogo of Hauteville
Romuald Guarna, Archbishop of Salerno
Venice
Emperor
Frederick Barbarossa
defeat at Legnano
Treaty of Venice
Tancred of Lecce
Constance
Roger II
Henry VI
Matthew of Ajello
Henry Testa
marshal
Apulia
Corneto
Ariano
Richard, Count of Acerra
"Annales Casinenses".
Norwich, John Julius
London

categories: 1190 deaths,Norman warriors,Counts of Andria,Italo-Normans

paragraph: Roger of Andria

paragraph: Roger, count of Andria and Great Chamberlain of Sicily, was a claimant for the Sicilian throne after the death of William II in 1189. He is claimed by some to have been a great-grandson of Drogo of Hauteville, but this cannot be proven.

paragraph: Roger, along with Romuald Guarna, Archbishop of Salerno, was sent by William in 1177 to attend discussions in Venice following the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa's defeat at Legnano—a victory in which Roger had participated—in the previous year. Together, the Sicilian envoys assented to the Treaty of Venice.

paragraph: Roger initially resisted the claims of Tancred of Lecce in favour of those of Constance, daughter of Roger II, and wife of Henry VI, son of Barbarossa, though he was a candidate himself. He had most of the barons of the peninsula on side, but Tancred's chancellor, Matthew of Ajello, was spreading sordid tales of his private life and the count's support eroded fast. Roger joined with Count Richard of Carinola and Henry Testa, the marshal of Henry VI, and invaded Apulia. They captured Corneto, but at the siege of Ariano, Richard, Count of Acerra, tricked the count of Andria and captured him (1190). He executed him soon after.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Annales Casinenses". Translated by G. A. Loud.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Norwich, John Julius. "The Kingdom in the Sun 1130-1194". Longman: London, 1970.

description: Italo-Norman count

wikidata_label: Roger of Andria

wikipedia_title: Roger of Andria


text:
Ronda
Spain
Madrid
Spain
Ordóñez
Seville
Ernest Hemingway
The Sun Also Rises
Antonio Ordóñez
The Dangerous Summer
Francisco
Cayetano Rivera Ordóñez
List of bullfighters
Plaza de Toros de Ronda
Portal Taurino information

categories: Spanish bullfighters,People from Ronda,1904 births,1961 deaths

paragraph: Cayetano Ordóñez

paragraph: Cayetano Ordóñez y Aguilera (January 24, 1904, Ronda, Spain - October 30, 1961, Madrid, Spain) is the patriarch of the Ordóñez family of bullfighters.

paragraph: His parents owned a shoeshop called La Palma, which gave him his nickname (Niño de la Palma). In 1917 he first began to perform as a bullfighter in the ranches of the area where he lived. In 1923 he had his debut in Ronda, where he became the first bullfighter to be carried in triumph through the main gates of the Maestranza, and in 1924 he caused great commotion again when the same thing happened in Seville. From that point on he was greatly in demand by all the professional and amateur rings in Spain. He was used by Ernest Hemingway as the model for "Pedro Romero", the talented young bullfighter in "The Sun Also Rises". Hemingway later stated that "everything that happened in the ring was true, and everything outside was fiction. Nino knew this and never complained about it."

paragraph: His last bullfight was at "Aranda de Duero" in 1942. He was the director of the Lisbon School of Bullfighting and died in Madrid on 30 October 1961.

paragraph: His sons mainly became bullfighters, Antonio Ordóñez becoming one of the most important in post-Civil War Spain and subject of Hemingway's book "The Dangerous Summer". His great grandsons, Francisco and Cayetano Rivera Ordóñez are famous matadors still working in Spain today.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of bullfighters

paragraph: BULLET::::- Plaza de Toros de Ronda

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portal Taurino information

description: Spanish bullfighter

wikidata_label: Cayetano Ordóñez

wikipedia_title: Cayetano Ordóñez


text:
Italian
Renaissance
Verona
Liberale da Verona
Mantegna
Francesco Bonsignori
Leonardo da Vinci
Raphael
Giulio Romano
Antonio Badile
Mannerist
Paolo Veronese
Venice
Castello
Milan
Chiesa de Carità
Uffizi
Pitti
Florence
Dresden
Budapest
Santa Maria in Organo

categories: Italian male painters,1550s deaths,Veronese painters,16th-century Italian painters,15th-century Italian painters,1480 births

paragraph: Giovanni Francesco Caroto

paragraph: Giovanni Francesco Caroto (1480 – 1555 or 1558) was an Italian painter of the Renaissance

paragraph: active mainly in his native city of Verona.

paragraph: He initially apprenticed under Liberale da Verona (1445-1526/1529), a conservative painter infused with the style of Mantegna, but after a stay in Milan, Caroto began responding to the other influences from Francesco Bonsignori, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Giulio Romano; but he never lost a certain individuality and his rich Veronese color. He is perhaps best known for having trained, along with the younger Antonio Badile, the prominent Mannerist painter, Paolo Veronese, who was active mainly in Venice.

paragraph: Examples of his art are in the Castello, Milan, the Chiesa de Carità, Mantua, in the Uffizi and Pitti, Florence, and in the museums of Dresden, Budapest, etc. His works are sometimes confused with those of his brother Giovanni, who was also a painter. Both were buried in Santa Maria in Organo in Verona.

alias:
Francesco Carotto
Carotto
Gio. Francesco Caroto
giovanni francesco carotto
Caroto

description: Italian painter

wikidata_label: Giovanni Francesco Caroto

wikipedia_title: Giovanni Francesco Caroto


text: alternative dance

text: Providence, R.I.

text: Oberlin Conservatory

text: Juilliard

text: Metro Area

text: house

text: disco

text: pop

text: Madonna

text: Erotica

text: MDNA Tour

text: Blevin Blectum

text: Apple Hill Chamber Players

text: Love Songs of the Hanging Gardens

text: Official Site

text: Kelley Polar on Discogs.com

text: Kelley Polar Quartet on Discogs.com

text: Kelley Polar MySpace page

text: Apple Hill Center for Chamber Music

text: Environ Records

categories: Oberlin Conservatory of Music alumni,American electronic musicians,Juilliard School alumni,Living people,Year of birth missing (living people)

paragraph: Kelley Polar

paragraph: Kelley Polar, born Michael Kelley, is an alternative dance vocalist and producer.

paragraph: Originally a classical violist from Providence, R.I., he studied at the Oberlin Conservatory and then at Juilliard, where he collaborated with Metro Area's Darshan Jesrani and Morgan Geist on tracks like "Miura", "The Art of Hot" and "Caught Up". He released a number of solo EPs under the alias of the Kelley Polar Quartet on Environ Records. His first album as Kelley Polar, "Love Songs of the Hanging Gardens", was released in 2005 and contains elements of house, disco and pop. His follow-up "I Need You To Hold On While The Sky Is Falling" was released in March 2008 in the US and most of Europe. In 2012, Madonna sampled Polar's "Ashamed of Myself" in a medley, mixing it up with her own songs "Candy Shop" and "Erotica" in one of the most talked about sections of her MDNA Tour, giving Kelley Polar worldwide exposure. Rumors of a collaboration between them surfaced on the web.

paragraph: He is the brother of Blevin Blectum. As Mike Kelley, he is the violist for the Apple Hill Chamber Players.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: † "As Kelley Polar Quartet"

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Love Songs of the Hanging Gardens" - Environ (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Need You To Hold On While The Sky Is Falling" - Environ (2008)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Singles/EP's.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Audition EP† - Environ (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Recital EP† - Environ (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rococo EP† - Environ (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chrysanthemum - Environ (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- I'm Not What You Want - Environ (2011)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Site

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kelley Polar on Discogs.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kelley Polar Quartet on Discogs.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kelley Polar MySpace page

paragraph: BULLET::::- Apple Hill Center for Chamber Music

paragraph: BULLET::::- Environ Records

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Kelley Polar

wikipedia_title: Kelley Polar


text:
Danish
archaeologist
Copenhagen
Copenhagen University
Jutland
Danish National Museum
Gundestrup cauldron

categories: People associated with the National Museum of Denmark,University of Copenhagen alumni,1934 deaths,Danish archaeologists,1846 births

paragraph: Sophus Müller

paragraph: Sophus Otto Müller (24 May 1846 - 23 February 1934) was a Danish archaeologist.

paragraph: He was born in Copenhagen, Denmark, the son of C. Louis Müller. Sophus studied classical philology at Copenhagen University, graduating with a masters in 1871. He became a teacher until 1876, while assisting at the Museum of Northern Antiquities. He was hired by the museum in 1878, and

paragraph: graduated with a Ph.D. in 1880 with the essay "Dyreornamentiken i Norden". He discovered the single burial mounds of central Jutland. This discovery was the first proof of Middle Neolithic Periods in Scandinavia.

paragraph: After 1881 he was secretary at the "Royal Archaeological Society" and edited "Aarböger for Nordisk Oldkyndighed" and "Nordiske Fortidsminder". In 1885, he was an inspector at the museum, then, when the museum was being re-organized as the Danish National Museum, he was the director of the ancient history section in 1892. In 1895, he was named the museum's director. In 1888, his two-volume work "Ordning af Danmarks Oldsager" ("The Arrangement of Denmark's Antiquities") was published. He wrote a prehistory of Denmark, which was published as "Vor Oldtid" ("Our Prehistory") in 1897. He also wrote He retired from the museum in 1921.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gundestrup cauldron

description: anthropologist

wikidata_label: Sophus Müller

wikipedia_title: Sophus Müller


text:
Brazilian president
João Figueiredo
First Lady of Brazil
Botafogo
Rio de Janeiro
Caju Cemetery

categories: 1928 births,2011 deaths,First Ladies of Brazil

paragraph: Dulce Figueiredo

paragraph: Dulce Maria de Guimarães Figueiredo (May 11, 1928 – June 6, 2011) was the wife of former Brazilian president João Figueiredo and thus the First Lady of Brazil from 1979 to 1985.

paragraph: After the death of her husband in December 1999, Dulce began to face financial difficulties. In March 2001, she organized an auction to sell items her late husband had received while he ruled the country and received criticism from the press. Among the 218 objects auctioned were a bronze cowboy sculpture by Ronald Reagan; two paintings by Di Cavalcanti; a Portuguese statue of Roque de Montpellier presented by Antonio Carlos Magalhães; an inkwell brought by King Juan Carlos of Spain; a silver tray offered by Augusto Pinochet; and a box of cigars given by Valéry Giscard d'Estaing. About one million reais were collected, and approximately 82% of this amount went to Dulce Figueiredo, who, as a general's widow, received a pension of 8,865 reais.

paragraph: A widow since 1999, she died June 6, 2011 at a clinic in Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro aged 83. Her body was buried in the mausoleum of the Figueiredos, in the Caju Cemetery.

description: 31st First Lady of Brazil

wikidata_label: Dulce Figueiredo

wikipedia_title: Dulce Figueiredo


text:
Jacob Bigelow
Bigelowia
de Candolle
Mexican Boundary Survey
Pacific Railroad Surveys
John Torrey
Asa Gray
George Engelmann
Watertown, MA
Peru, VT
Medical College of Ohio
John Riddell
Lancaster, OH
Fairfield County
C.S.C
Notre Dame University
Sisters of the Holy Cross
Notre Dame, Indiana
William Starling Sullivant
bryophytes
Materia Medica
Herbalism
Elsevier
Phytomedicine
Mexican Boundary Survey
William H. Emory
Charles C. Parry
George Thurber
Charles Wright
Parthenium argentatum
Pacific Railroad Survey
Amiel Weeks Whipple
Balduin Möllhausen
Alexander von Humboldt
California
admitted
Willis Linn Jepson
Central Valley
Sierra Nevada
Clintonia andrewsiana
Phytogeography
United States Lake Survey

categories: 1878 deaths,Botanists active in California,1804 births,American botanists

paragraph: John Milton Bigelow

paragraph: John Milton Bigelow (June 23, 1804-July 18, 1878) was an American physician and botanist. (He is sometimes confused with the contemporaneous medical doctor and botanist, Jacob Bigelow, after whom the genus Bigelowia was named by de Candolle). He had a successful medical practice, and also, a keen interest in botany - especially native plants with medical applications. He participated as a botanist and surgeon on two important expeditions through the American Southwest--the Mexican Boundary Survey and the 35th Parallel Expedition for the Pacific Railroad Surveys. He also amassed a significant collection of California plants that yielded many new species. He communicated his botanical results with the three top American botanists of the day, John Torrey, Asa Gray, and George Engelmann. Many of his botanical discoveries were named after or by him. He contributed to the botanical and medical literature of his day.

paragraph: Section::::Early Life.

paragraph: He was a 7th generation descendent of English immigrant John Biglo, who settled in Watertown, MA ca. 1632. Soon after his birth in Peru, VT, his family moved to central Ohio, where he was schooled. He took up teaching to gain the funds to attend the Medical College of Ohio in Cincinnati, from which he graduated with an MD degree in 1832. At the college he also became interested in botany, possibly under the special influence of one of the lecturers. John Riddell has been suggested, but that is not certain. Soon after graduation he married Maria L. Meiers of Lancaster, OH in Fairfield County. He and his wife settled in Lancaster where he took up medical practice, and soon began county-wide botanical studies.

paragraph: Section::::Ohio Medical Botanist.

paragraph: Bigelow resided in Lancaster for nearly three decades, though absenting himself to participate in government-led western explorations in the 1850s. He and his wife had 8 children, born between ca 1834 and ca 1848. A son, Rev. Francis C. Bigelow, C.S.C, became a professor at Notre Dame University. A daughter became Sister Blanche of the Sisters of the Holy Cross, of Notre Dame, Indiana.

paragraph: In his early years, in addition to establishing a medical practice, he spent much time becoming familiar with the flora of central Ohio, joining with other local physicians and William Starling Sullivant, a prominent botanist residing in the area. Sullivant specialized in the study of bryophytes, but had broad botanical interests, and was in close contact with John Torrey and Asa Gray.

paragraph: In those days and later, Bigelow often championed, among his fellow medical practitioners, the usage of medicinal plants. This was in the spirit of Materia Medica and Herbalism, practices going back many centuries. (A contemporary movement is documented by an Elsevier peer-reviewed journal: Phytomedicine.) In an 1841 presentation to the Medical Convention of Ohio (see Works, 1841) he stated that Botany was the most important science "collateral to medicine", but that most members of the profession were "careless" or "indifferent" regarding it. He later prepared, at the request of his colleagues, a list of the medicinal plants of Ohio, which appeared in 1849 (see Works).

paragraph: Section::::Surgeon Botanist on Western US Survey Expeditions.:The United States and Mexican Boundary Survey.

paragraph: In 1850 (following some early confusion), Bigelow joined the Mexican Boundary Survey to serve as both surgeon and botanist on the expedition led by Major William H. Emory. Recognizing the survey as an opportunity for botanical exploration, John Torrey and Asa Gray had lobbied to include botanists in the survey parties, which would be crossing territory unknown to science. Bigelow was recommended to the position by his friend Sullivant. Other botanists on the expedition included Charles C. Parry, George Thurber, and Charles Wright. The resulting botanical report, "Botany of the Boundary", compiled principally by John Torrey, classified some 2,600 plants collected on the survey; it was the largest survey of plants undertaken in the US up to that time. One of Bigelow's most notable plant discoveries was "Parthenium argentatum", a rubber-yielding plant known as 'guayule'.

paragraph: Section::::Surgeon Botanist on Western US Survey Expeditions.:The 35th Parallel Pacific Railroad Survey.

paragraph: Bigelow joined the Pacific Railroad Survey which explored along the 35th parallel, led by Lt. Amiel Weeks Whipple. The expedition got under way in 1853, with Bigelow serving as surgeon and botanist. Balduin Möllhausen served as naturalist and artist for the group. Bigelow and Möllhausen often explored the countryside together. In his diary of the expedition (including a preface by his mentor Alexander von Humboldt), Möllhausen records many of their exploits. Möllhausen described Bigelow as a congenial colleague in the field, "a general favourite and by far the oldest [49] of the party. ... [with] a pattern of gentleness and patience ... not only a zealous botanist, but also an enthusiastic sportsman. ... To his patients he was most kind and attentive, and of his mule, Billy, he made an absolute spoiled child."

paragraph: The expedition reached Los Angeles on March 20, 1854.

paragraph: On March 24 most members of the expedition left Los Angeles for San Francisco, where they would take a steamer to Panama, and thence back to Washington, D.C. Because of the season though, so conducive to growth and bloom of native plants, Bigelow decided to remain and botanize this mid-section of California, a state only recently admitted to the US. Distinguished California botanist Willis Linn Jepson, near the end of an essay on Bigelow, notes that he " . . . was so fortunate as to view a considerable part of California while its native vegetation was still in nearly pristine freshness." He had botanized, over most of April and May, 1854, from the coast and across the Central Valley to the Sierra Nevada. Jepson noted that "The name of Bigelow is associated with many of the early discovered plant species of California." Red clintonia ("Clintonia andrewsiana") was among them, "this interesting plant found by Dr. Bigelow" (see, p. 94[150]).

paragraph: In July 1854 Bigelow and the other members of the expedition met in Washington, D.C. to prepare their reports for publication. The result, dated 1856, begins with a general account, by Bigelow, of the topography and climate of the region; in a following chapter he discussed forest trees encountered (important knowledge for the construction of a railroad in those days), and devised a graphical description of tree distribution, in a manner originated by Alexander von Humboldt ("see" Phytogeography); a chapter by George Engelmann, coauthored by Bigelow, describes Bigelow's extensive collection of cacti; a description of Bigelow's collections of ferns and flowering plants by John Torrey ensues, by far the longest chapter, with many plant illustrations; the botany report ends with Sullivant's description of the mosses Bigelow collected.

paragraph: Section::::Back to Ohio.

paragraph: After the report had been completed and the authors dispersed, Möllhausen wrote in his diary (vol 2, p 388) "Whether I may ever again meet with any of my old comrades seems uncertain, for our merry party has been scattered to all points of the compass. My dear and worthy friend Dr. Bigelow is now living happily in his family circle in Ohio and employing his leisure hours in botanising excursions about the country . . .". This was written ca 1857 when Bigelow's children would have ranged from about 10 to 24 years of age. According to advertisements placed in the "Lancaster Gazette" newspaper, Bigelow had returned to Lancaster to reestablish his medical practice in 1856. However, in late 1860, he requested those "indebted to him" to immediately settle their debts. His house was noted for sale in 1867.

paragraph: Section::::Detroit.

paragraph: In 1860 "Bigelow was placed in charge of the meteorological division" of the United States Lake Survey, a position he retained until January 1, 1867.

paragraph: In 1869, Bigelow, then a member of the Michigan State Medical Society, was one of eight medical practioners who founded the Detroit Academy of Medicine. He served as "surgeon in charge" of the Detroit Marine Hospital, 1869-1873.

paragraph: Crude preparations of opium, highly variable in effect, were widely used in Bigelow's time. In his later years in Detroit he partnered with a chemist to work out a method of making a more consistent preparation, which they called Svapnia (see Works, 1869). It was marketed as "Svapnia--Bigelow's Purified Opium".

paragraph: After retirement, he moved to a farm outside Detroit. While there he suffered an injury which led to his death on July 18, 1878. He was survived by his wife and family.

paragraph: "Obituary remarks:" ". . . the refined and scholarly physician, who won the admiring esteem and even the veneration of all who approached him."; "He always impressed me by his singular modesty, never permitting his attainments to obtrude themselves in a pretentious way, while his uprightness and meekness of manner gave to him that attractiveness which arrested the attention of those who were at all acquainted with him."; "The modesty that graced his every act, the tender and delicate feeling that smoothed and made delightful his intercourse with his professional brethren, shall ever endear him in our memory."

paragraph: Section::::Image.

paragraph: Perhaps his lack of self-aggrandizement accounts for the fact that, despite searches, no picture of him seems to exist (e.g.,). A tribute to the eight founding members of the Detroit Academy of Medicine pictures seven of the founders, but not Bigelow. ("Note:" There is an image of a New York State MD born in 1847 also named John Milton Bigelow.)

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bigelow, J. M. 1856. Volume IV, Part V, No. 1. "General Description of the Botanical Character of the Country", No. 2. "Description of Forest Trees", and No 3 (co-authored with Engelmann, George). "Description of the Cactaceae". IN "Reports of Explorations and Surveys [35th parallel, Director Lt. A. W. Whipple, 1853 and 1854]". pp. 1-58. U. S. War Department, Washington, D. C.

description: American botanist

wikidata_label: John Milton Bigelow

wikipedia_title: John Milton Bigelow