text:
Toledo, Ohio
San Jose State University
Ohio State University
Harvey Littleton
Marvin Lipofsky
Dominick Labino
1960s studio glass movement
Erwin Eisch
San Jose State University
SJSU glass art department
California Glass Exchange
California Polytechnic State University
San Luis Obispo, CA
Smithsonian
Renwick Gallery
Ted Kennedy
Tom Harkin
Ron Wyden

paragraph: Robert C. Fritz

paragraph: Robert C. Fritz (1920 in Toledo, Ohio – April 9, 1986 in Los Angeles, California) was an American ceramics and glass artist and professor at San Jose State University in California. As a major player in America’s mid 20th century studio glass movement, Dr. Robert Fritz is remembered for his contributions to the world of art.

paragraph: Section::::Education.

paragraph: Fritz attended San Jose State University from 1950 to 1956, where he was awarded the Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts. He received his Ph.D at Ohio State University. In 1964 Fritz received a scholarship from Harvey Littleton to participate in a four-week glass seminar at the University of Wisconsin. Russell Day was also in attendance; Marvin Lipofsky, a student of Littleton's who later founded a glass program at the University of California, Berkeley, assisted with demonstrations. Shortly before the seminar, Fritz attended the World Congress of Craftsmen, which was held at Columbia University in New York City. There he watched Littleton and his students demonstrate glassblowing on a furnace designed and constructed by Dominick Labino. Fritz also met glass artist Sam Herman at this time.

paragraph: The 1960s studio glass movement was born in 1962 when Harvey Littleton conducted a workshop at the Toledo Museum of Art with Dominic Labino and others. It was Littleton’s intention to, as he put it, "suggest the dimensions of glass as a medium for the artist." In the summer of 1964 Littleton and his German colleague, Erwin Eisch, co-taught a glass course at the University of Wisconsin, Madison; Fritz was one of their students.

paragraph: Section::::Teaching.

paragraph: In the mid 1960s Fritz turned his energies to teaching art at San Jose State University where he founded the SJSU glass art department, one of the first colleges in the nation to have such a program.

paragraph: At the same time he started the California Glass Exchange, along with George Jercich of California Polytechnic State University in San Luis Obispo, CA. The California Glass Exchange is a web-based regional exchange of ideas in glass art.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Today’s talented glass art students receive scholarships and honors in Dr. Robert Fritz’s name. Many contemporary artists boast tutelage under Dr. Fritz on their resumes.

paragraph: Glass art created by Fritz during the 1960s to 1980s is signed “FRITZ”. His work is remarkable in form and imagination, using difficult techniques approachable only by masters of the art.

paragraph: Section::::Collections.

paragraph: His glass art masterpieces can be found in the Smithsonian, Renwick Gallery and the private collections of Ted Kennedy, Tom Harkin, Ron Wyden and more throughout the U.S., Europe, and Japan.

description: American glass artist

wikidata_label: Robert C. Fritz

wikipedia_title: Robert C. Fritz


text:
evangelist
poet
Pakistan
metrical
Psalms
Punjabi
Zabur
Shahbaz
takhallus
Zafarwal
converted
Church Missionary Society
Amritsar
baptised
Robert Clark
missionary

categories: 1845 births,Poets from Punjab, Pakistan,Converts to Protestantism from Islam,Pakistani Christians,1921 deaths,Evangelists,People from Narowal District

paragraph: Imam-ud-Din Shahbaz

paragraph: Imam-ud-Din Shahbaz (or ID Shahbaz) was an evangelist and a poet from the present-day Pakistan. His notable work is the first metrical translation of the Psalms in Punjabi known as Punjabi Zabur. He chose Shahbaz, meaning the King of the Falcons, as his "takhallus".

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Shahbaz was born in 1845 in Zafarwal in a Muslim family and converted to Christianity at the age of 10. He was appointed as a teacher at Church Missionary Society in Amritsar in 1866 where he was baptised by Robert Clark. He worked as a teacher in various missionary schools for nine years.

alias:
ID Shahbaz
Shahbaz

description: A Punjabi poet and a Christian scholar

wikidata_label: Imam-ud-Din Shahbaz

wikipedia_title: Imam-ud-Din Shahbaz


text:
British
medical social work
Reigate
Charity Organization Society
almoner
St. Thomas's Hospital
Southwark Health Society
Stafford Northcote
Cicely Northcote
Broughton
British Association of Social Workers

categories: 1869 births,1936 deaths,People from Reigate

paragraph: Anne Cummins (social worker)

paragraph: Anne Emily Cummins (12 October 1869 – 8 February 1936) was an early British medical social worker who was later called the "mother of almoners".

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Cummins was born in Reigate in 1869. She was educated at Kensington high school and first went to work as a governess. She briefly worked as a teacher before deciding that social work should be her career. She had a natural ability to understand and assist. She was taken on by the Charity Organization Society who sent her to train under Edith Mudd who was an early almoner. She trained and then worked at St. Thomas's Hospital in London. Cummins is credited with inventing the role of a modern social worker attached to a hospital. Her first priorities were patients who had tuberculosis and those who were expectant mothers.

paragraph: In collaboration with the Southwark Health Society she started regular visits for pregnant women. She would advise on health and cleanliness as well as advising on the care of babies. She encouraged mothers to feed their babies milk having observed three month old babies being given pickles and fried fish. Cummins wanted the families to be self reliant and she set up self help groups. In fact when free meals were offered for Lambeth mothers she opposed this as she felt that the meals might encourage families to rely on charity.

paragraph: After 1909, Stafford Northcote established a trust in the memory of Cicely Northcote. This money meant Cummins could offer a comprehensive service. She has been called the "mother of almoners".

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Cummins died in Broughton. The British Association of Social Workers awards Anne Cummins scholarships.

description: Cummins, Anne Emily (1869–1936), social worker

wikidata_label: Anne Cummins

wikipedia_title: Anne Cummins (social worker)


text:
1967
Renate Hoy
Jill Emery
Joey Burns
Calexico
Dustin Boyer
mastered
Geza X
Richard James Simpson
AllMusic

categories: American male singer-songwriters,American rock guitarists,1967 births,American people of German descent,Musicians from California,Place of birth missing (living people),Living people,American male guitarists

paragraph: Richard James Simpson

paragraph: Richard James Simpson, formerly known as Richard James (born 1967), is an American singer and guitarist. He is a son of Renate Hoy, an actress born in Germany, and attorney Raymond C. Simpson. He grew up in the South Bay region of California and had an older brother Charles "Rock" Halsey who was a member of Rock Bottom & the Spys.

paragraph: As a teenager, Simpson was a member of Invisible Chains as a bass player. The band recorded one eponymous album but disbanded later on. In the 1990s, he fronted a band called Teardrain, which also featured Jill Emery and Mark Reback on bass and drums respectively.

paragraph: He released his debut solo album in 2017. It is called "Sweet Birds of Youth" and features eighteen songs. Among those playing on the album are Joey Burns (from Calexico) on cello, Theodore Welch on drums as well as Dustin Boyer, who co-produced the record and plays various instruments. The album was mastered by Geza X. Two songs from this album, "Roller" and "Taking Sides" were used in feature movie "The Letter Red".

paragraph: Simpson plans to release a second solo album "Deep Dream" in 2018.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richard James Simpson at AllMusic

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Richard James Simpson

wikipedia_title: Richard James Simpson


text: Grand Prix

text: motorcycle

text: road racer

text: 500cc World Championship

text: Barcelona

text: Catalonia

text: Honda

text: Derbi

text: Giacomo Agostini's

text: Sito Pons

text: Assen

text: Mick Doohan

text: Wayne Rainey

text: Wayne Gardner

text: Honda

text: Mick Doohan's

text: Repsol

text: MotoGP

text: Donington Park

text: world championship

text: Jerez

text: MotoGP

text: d'Antin

text: Yamaha

text: Crash.net profile

categories: Sportspeople from Barcelona,500cc World Championship riders,250cc World Championship riders,Spanish motorcycle racers,1970 births,125cc World Championship riders,80cc World Championship riders,Living people,Catalan motorcycle racers

paragraph: Àlex Crivillé

paragraph: Àlex Crivillé Tapias (born 4 March 1970) is a Spanish former Grand Prix motorcycle road racer. In 1992 he became the first Spaniard to win a 500cc Grand Prix and, in 1999 he became the first Spaniard to win the 500cc World Championship.

paragraph: Section::::Pre 500 cc.

paragraph: Crivillé was born in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. He falsified his age in order to start racing at 14 in 1985, the minimum age for a license being 15 in Spain. In that year he won the Criterium Solo Moto, a national series for 75 cc Honda streetbikes.

paragraph: Crivillé started his international career in the now-defunct 80cc World Championship on team Derbi, taking a 2nd place in his very first race in 1987. He was second overall in 1988 while also dabbling in the 125cc series, which he raced full-time in 1989. He won the 125cc World Championship in his first attempt riding for the JJ Cobas team, claiming 5 victories.

paragraph: In 1990 he stepped up to the 250 cc class for Giacomo Agostini's team, before returning to the Cobas team a year later. He never won a 250cc race.

paragraph: Section::::500 cc.

paragraph: Nonetheless, Crivillé joined the Sito Pons team in 500cc for 1992, taking 8th overall, and his first win at Assen in a race missed by Mick Doohan, Wayne Rainey and Wayne Gardner due to injuries. In 1993, he again finished 8th in the championship. 1994 was his first year as a full factory Honda rider, as Mick Doohan's teammate on the Repsol-backed Hondas which would dominate 500cc and MotoGP racing in years to come. Crivillé was fourth in 1995 and 1997, runner-up in 1996 with 11 podium finishes, and 3rd in 1998.

paragraph: Doohan's career-ending crash in 1999 opened the door for Crivillé, and he took six wins, including his 100th 500 cc start at Donington Park, clinching the world championship with one race to spare. However, he finished 9th in 2000 and 8th in 2001 (with a third place at Jerez). Fired by Repsol Honda, he planned to spend the 2002 MotoGP season with the d'Antin Yamaha team, but was forced to retire due to undetermined health problems, the main symptom being fainting spells that started during the 2000 pre-season, and had continued over the following two years.

paragraph: Section::::Grand Prix career statistics.

paragraph: br

paragraph: Points system from 1969 to 1987:

paragraph: Points system from 1988 to 1992:

paragraph: Points system from 1993 onwards:

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Crash.net profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interview following his 500cc championship victory

description: Spanish motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Àlex Crivillé

wikipedia_title: Àlex Crivillé


text:
bishop
Duffus
Moray
Bishop Bricius
native Scot
Bishop of Ross
Pope Innocent III
Bishop of Moray
Latin:
Elgin Cathedral
Spynie Palace
Alexander II
William de Bondington
Bishop of Glasgow
Pope Gregory IX
dean
Dowden, John

categories: 1242 deaths,13th-century Scottish people,People from Moray,Medieval Gaels from Scotland,12th-century births,13th-century Roman Catholic bishops,Bishops of Ross,Bishops of Moray

paragraph: Andreas de Moravia

paragraph: Andreas de Moravia (or Andrew of Moray) was a 13th-century Scottish bishop. He may have been from the "de Moravia" family of Flemish origin who were lords of Duffus and other areas in the Greater Moray region in this period. In the time of Bishop Bricius' episcopate (1203–1222), there was a man called "Andreas" who was rector of the church of St. Peter at Duffus, and this may well have been this Andreas. He may also have been a native Scot.

paragraph: Andreas was elected as Bishop of Ross in 1213. However, he refused to accept the election, and obtained the consent of Pope Innocent III to resign this position. The reasoning can only be speculated. In 1222 though, Andreas did accept election when, after the death of Bricius the same year, he was elected Bishop of Moray. Andreas was still bishop-elect on 12 May 1223, when he is called "bishop-elect" in a papal letter; however, by 10 April 1224, he is being styled "bishop", putting the date of his consecration somewhere between these two dates.

paragraph: One of Andreas' first acts as bishop must have been to submit a request to the Pope asking to move the seat (Latin: "cathedra") of the bishopric from Spynie to Elgin, for on 10 April 1224, the Pope sent Andreas his permission. Andreas' greatest legacy would be Elgin Cathedral, where all medieval bishops of Moray would have their cathedral (although the bishops themselves kept Spynie Palace as their chief personal residence.) On 19 July 1224, the foundation stone of the new Elgin Cathedral was ceremoniously laid with completion sometime after 1242. Andreas, as head of one of Scotland's more important bishoprics, also played a role in Scotland's larger political and religious life. For instance, he witnessed charters of king Alexander II and was the principal consecrator of William de Bondington as Bishop of Glasgow.

paragraph: A letter from Pope Gregory IX, dated to 13 April 1231, instructs the dean and chapter of Moray that elections to the bishopric should be free. This suggests that the clergy of Moray had some reason to fear Bishop Andreas death, and that perhaps Andreas was ill. No death occurred for another decade, because the bishop died late in the year 1242. He was buried in the south side of the choir under a large blue marble stone.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dowden, John, "The Bishops of Scotland", ed. J. Maitland Thomson, (Glasgow, 1912)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Keith, Robert, "An Historical Catalogue of the Scottish Bishops: Down to the Year 1688", (London, 1924)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tabraham, Chris, (ed.) "Elgin Cathedral", (Historic Scotland, 1999)

description: Scottish bishop

wikidata_label: Andreas de Moravia

wikipedia_title: Andreas de Moravia


text: Japanese

text: Grand Prix

text: road racer

text: All Japan Road Race Championship

text: Honda

text: V-twin

text: Honda NSR500V

text: Mick Doohan

text: Assen

text: Brno

text: Phillip Island

text: Kenny Roberts Jr.

text: Superbike World Championship

text: 2008 Italian Grand Prix

text: Honda RC212V

text: Tadayuki Okada

text: Crash.net

categories: 1967 births,Superbike World Championship riders,500cc World Championship riders,250cc World Championship riders,Honda Racing Corporation MotoGP riders,Japanese motorcycle racers,Living people

paragraph: Tadayuki Okada

paragraph: Tadayuki 'Taddy' Okada (born February 13, 1967) is a Japanese former professional Grand Prix motorcycle road racer. He was runner-up in the 1994 250cc and in the 1997 500cc World Championship.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: Okada won the 250cc All Japan Road Race Championship in three successive years from 1989 to 1991 for Honda. Honda then entered him into the 250cc World Championship in 1993. He was runner-up in the series in 1994, and fourth in 1995.

paragraph: Section::::500cc and beyond.

paragraph: Okada stepped up to 500cc in 1996, helping develop the V-twin Honda NSR500V and finished the season in 7th overall. In 1997, he claimed his first 500cc win in Indonesia and finished second to Mick Doohan. He missed several races in 1998 due to a wrist injury but bounced back in 1999 to finish third in the championship, with wins at Assen, Brno and Phillip Island. Going into the final round of the season he was second in points, but lost out to final-race winner Kenny Roberts Jr.. After a largely unsuccessful 2000 he switched to the Superbike World Championship for , without winning a race although taking three podium finishes and 8th overall. Okada chose to retire at the end of the year. He made a one-off wildcard appearance at the 2008 Italian Grand Prix at Mugello in June, finishing 14th, in the first race for the pneumatic valved Honda RC212V.

paragraph: Points system from 1988 to 1992:

paragraph: Points system from 1993 onwards:

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tadayuki Okada profile at Crash.net

description: Japanese motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Tadayuki Okada

wikipedia_title: Tadayuki Okada


text: Polish

text: German

text: architect

text: Merseburg

text: Saxony

text: Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

text: ennobled

text: Holy Trinity Church in Warsaw

text: Zug's Church

text: Natolin

text: Młociny

text: Blank's Palace

text: Poniatowski

text: Wilanów Palace

text: Warsaw Arsenal

text: Arkadia

text: Łowicz

text: Jablonna Palace

text: Warsaw

categories: Polish architects,Polish Lutherans,1733 births,1807 deaths,Polish landscape and garden designers,German architects,People from the Electorate of Saxony,People from Merseburg

paragraph: Szymon Bogumił Zug

paragraph: Szymon Bogumił Zug (20 February 1733 – 11 August 1807), born Simon Gottlieb Zug, and also known as Zugk, was a renowned Polish-German classicist architect and designer of gardens. Born in Merseburg in Saxony, he spent most of his life in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, where in 1768, he was ennobled.

paragraph: One of the most versatile and prolific architects of his epoch, Zug was the author of several dozen projects of palaces and churches. As a garden designer, he represented an early romanticist style. Among the most notable buildings designed by Zug are:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lutheran Holy Trinity Church in Warsaw, also known simply as Zug's Church (1777–1782)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Natolin palace (1780–1782)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Młociny palace (1786)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Blank's Palace (; 1762–1764)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Poniatowski's palace (1772)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The English-Chinese Garden at Wilanów Palace (1784)

paragraph: Zug also supervised the refurbishment of Warsaw Arsenal, designed the romanticist ruins in the garden of Arkadia near Łowicz and designed the gardens of Jablonna Palace. He died in Warsaw and is buried there in the Evangelical Cemetery of the Augsburg Confession in Warsaw.

description: polish architect

wikidata_label: Szymon Bogumił Zug

wikipedia_title: Szymon Bogumił Zug


text: Chiba

text: Japan

text: Tadayuki Okada

text: All-Japan

text: Yamaha

text: 250cc World Championship

text: Honda's

text: Loris Capirossi

text: Max Biaggi's

text: Aprilia

text: Ralf Waldmann

text: Argentina

text: Valentino Rossi

text: Paul Ricard

text: Donington Park

text: Daijiro Kato

text: MotoGP

text: Honda

text: two-stroke

text: Profile

text: Official site

categories: 500cc World Championship riders,250cc World Championship riders,1970 births,Japanese motorcycle racers,Pramac Racing MotoGP riders,People from Chiba, Chiba,Living people

paragraph: Tetsuya Harada

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Born in Chiba, Japan, Harada won the Japanese 125cc Junior championship in 1988, and was runner-up to Tadayuki Okada in the All-Japan 250cc series in both 1990 and 1991, before taking the crown in 1992. In all three years he competed in the Japanese round of the 250cc World Championship, twice starting on the front row and twice scoring points. His performance earned him a sponsored ride in the 1993 250cc World Championship.

paragraph: Section::::250 career.

paragraph: Riding a Yamaha TZ250, he won four races including his home race and won the 1993 250cc World Championship in his first attempt defeating Honda's Loris Capirossi. A wrist injury affected his performance in the 1994 season, finishing 7th overall with only a single podium finish. In 1995 Harada was Max Biaggi's main competitor for the 250 title. He won one race and finished 2nd eight times. In 1996 his bike was underpowered and he only reached the podium four times. He was on the verge of retiring when Aprilia offered him a bike for the 1997 season. Although his 235 points were the most he scored in a season, he finished the season in third place behind Biaggi and Ralf Waldmann.

paragraph: In 1998 Harada battled his Aprilia teammate Capirossi for the championship, leading for most of the season, until the two riders were involved in a controversial incident at the final race of the year in Argentina. Harada had the world championship within sight, leading the race into the final corner of the final lap when Harada's bike was rammed from behind by Capirossi's machine, sending the Japanese rider off the track. Valentino Rossi took the victory while Capirossi claimed second place and the world championship. Harada would finish the season in third place behind Capirossi and Rossi.

paragraph: Section::::500 career.

paragraph: In 1999 Harada moved up to the 500cc class to compete on Aprilia's 380cc V-twin race bike. He obtained top 5 finishes in the first 10 races, including podium results at Paul Ricard and Donington Park: however, the bike's performance subsequently faded and he could not improve his results. In 2000 he was less competitive, coming 16th overall. In 2001 he made another attempt to obtain a second 250cc world championship, taking 8 poles and three victories: the title, however, went to fellow Japanese Daijiro Kato. For 2002 he entered the MotoGP class aboard a Honda two-stroke, but this proved to be his final year of professional racing, as he retired after a difficult season that saw him finish 17th overall. He ended his career with 17 Grand Prix victories, all in the 250cc class.

paragraph: Section::::Grand Prix career statistics.

paragraph: Points system from 1988 to 1992:

paragraph: Points system from 1993:

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official site

paragraph: br

description: Japanese motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Tetsuya Harada

wikipedia_title: Tetsuya Harada


text:
motorcycle
road racer
Superbike World Championship
car racing
television presenter
AA Torque
Masterton, New Zealand
Superbike
Superbike World Championship
Suzuka 8 Hours
1992
Kawasaki
Castrol
Honda
1994
1995
Honda
Albacete
Laguna Seca
Troy Corser
1996
1997
John Kocinski
1998
Carl Fogarty
Laguna Seca
Monza
Jean-Marc Deletang
Philip Island
Misano
Hockenheimring
Carl Fogarty
British Touring Car Championship
Stock Car Speed Association (ASCAR)
British GT Championship
Official site
Article on his brain condition

categories: New Zealand television presenters,1966 births,Superbike World Championship riders,British Touring Car Championship drivers,ASCAR drivers,New Zealand motorcycle racers,New Zealand racing drivers,Living people,Sportspeople from Masterton

paragraph: Aaron Slight

paragraph: Aaron Tony Slight (born 19 January 1966) is a New Zealand former professional motorcycle road racer. He was one of the top competitors in the Superbike World Championships, finishing second in the championship twice and third four times between and . He later competed in car racing and now is a television presenter for AA Torque, a motoring show on New Zealand television.

paragraph: Section::::Motorcycle racing career.

paragraph: Born in Masterton, New Zealand, Slight was Australian Superbike Champion in 1991, before spending most of the 1990s racing in the Superbike World Championship, amassing 87 podiums, 13 wins and 8 pole. For many years he was the only rider to win the Suzuka 8 Hours race in three successive years, having done so in 1993–1995. This feat has been repeated (and surpassed) only recently by multiple Japanese Superbike Champion Katsuyuki Nakasuga in 2015-2018.

paragraph: He won his first WSB race during the 1992 season on a Kawasaki for Team Moving Kawasaki. On a factory Castrol Honda he was third overall in 1994 and 1995, taking his first Honda win at Albacete. The only real low note was Laguna Seca in 1995, where a poorly handling Honda and many local wildcards left him 18th on the grid. He was runner-up to Troy Corser in 1996, and third again in 1997 as teammate John Kocinski won the title.

paragraph: In 1998 he was second to Carl Fogarty by 5.5 points (half points having been awarded in the shortened Laguna Seca race 1), only missing the title due to mishaps such as a last-lap engine failure at Monza, a last-lap incident with back-marker Jean-Marc Deletang at Philip Island, and missing race 2 at Laguna Seca due to a startline pileup on the aborted attempt to restart the first race. He did however take his first career double victory, at Misano.

paragraph: He did not win a race in 1999; he crossed the line first in race 1 at Hockenheimring after passing Carl Fogarty on the last lap, but a red flag has been shown due to an incident elsewhere on the track, so the results were taken a lap back. Ironically, as Fogarty had already clinched the title, he did not need to win the race.

paragraph: He missed the start of the season in 2000 and then made his final appearance in the Opening Round of the 2001 American Superbike Championship at Daytona Speedway. He raced in the British Touring Car Championship, Stock Car Speed Association (ASCAR) and the British GT Championship.

paragraph: Section::::Racing record.

paragraph: Section::::Racing record.:Complete British Touring Car Championship results.

paragraph: † Not eligible for points

paragraph: Section::::Racing record.:Complete Porsche Supercup results.

paragraph: ‡ – Guest driver – Not eligible for points.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official site

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article on his brain condition

description: New Zealand motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Aaron Slight

wikipedia_title: Aaron Slight


text: Queen Caroline

text: West Calder

text: West Lothian

text: lithotomist

text: John Douglas

text: University of Edinburgh

text: Reims

text: London

text: obstetrician

text: Fellow of the Royal Society of London

text: FCP

text: Mary Toft

text: William Hunter

text: grammar

text: Horace

text: Anna Paues

text: Guernsey Lily

text: Douglas pouch

text: Douglasitis

text: Douglas abscess

text: Douglas fold

text: Douglas line

text: Douglas septum

text: Who Named It? (James Douglas)

text: Douglas papers

categories: Scottish anatomists,Scottish obstetricians,Scottish midwives,Reims University alumni,18th-century Scottish medical doctors,1742 deaths,Fellows of the Royal Society,People from West Lothian,1675 births,Alumni of the University of Edinburgh

paragraph: James Douglas (physician)

paragraph: James Douglas (21 March 1675 – 2 April 1742) was a Scottish physician and anatomist, and Physician Extraordinary to Queen Caroline.

paragraph: Section::::Life and works.

paragraph: One of the seven sons of William Douglas (died 1705) and his wife, Joan, daughter of James Mason of Park, Blantyre, he was born in West Calder, West Lothian, in 1675. His brother was the well-known lithotomist John Douglas (died 1759).

paragraph: In 1694 he graduated MA from the University of Edinburgh and then took his medical doctorate at Reims before going to London in 1700.

paragraph: He worked as an obstetrician, and gaining a great reputation as a physician, was elected Fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1706, FCP in 1721.

paragraph: One of the most respected anatomists in the country, Douglas was also a well-known man-midwife. He was asked to investigate the case of Mary Toft, an English woman from Godalming, Surrey, who in 1726 became the subject of considerable controversy when she tricked doctors into believing that she had given birth to rabbits. Despite his early scepticism (Douglas thought that a woman giving birth to rabbits was as likely as a rabbit giving birth to a human child), Douglas went to see Toft, and subsequently exposed her as a fraud.

paragraph: Douglas practiced midwifery and performed public dissections at home.

paragraph: Douglas mentored and befriended anatomist and surgeon William Hunter (1718–1783), whom he met in 1740 when Hunter came to London.

paragraph: Hunter would live in the Douglas household and remained there after Douglas died in London on 2 April 1742, leaving a widow and two children.

paragraph: Douglas produced a series of manuscript English, French, Latin and Greek grammars, and an ample index to the works of Horace. "A Treatise on English Pronunciation by James Douglas" (1914) was edited by Anna Paues. Another edition was due to Börje Holmberg (Lund, 1956). He undertook botanical studies, notably his monograph on the Guernsey Lily.

paragraph: Section::::Life and works.:Terminology.

paragraph: As a result of Douglas's investigations of female pelvic anatomy, several anatomical terms bear his name:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Douglas pouch

paragraph: BULLET::::- Douglasitis

paragraph: BULLET::::- Douglas abscess

paragraph: BULLET::::- Douglas fold

paragraph: BULLET::::- Douglas line

paragraph: BULLET::::- Douglas septum

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Who Named It? (James Douglas)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Papers and Drawings of James Douglas, Glasgow University Library archives

paragraph: BULLET::::- Douglas papers

description: Scottish anatomist and midwife, died 1742

wikidata_label: James Douglas

wikipedia_title: James Douglas (physician)


text: DL

text: politician

text: Eton College

text: Edith Helen (née Chaplin)

text: attaché

text: Arsenal

text: Philip de Laszlo

text: Mount Stewart

text: Viscount Castlereagh

text: Unionist

text: St Martin-in-the-Fields

text: Farnham

text: Max Rayne, Baron Rayne

text: Queen Elizabeth II

text: Maids of Honour

text: Robert Lacey

text: Lady Annabel Vane-Tempest-Stewart

text: Ruth Graham

text: Billy Graham

text: general strike

text: Wynyard Park

text: Long Newton

categories: Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Down constituencies (since 1922),Disease-related deaths in England,Ulster Unionist Party members of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom,1955 deaths,UK MPs 1935–1945,Deputy Lieutenants of Durham,Deputy Lieutenants of Down,UK MPs 1931–1935,1902 births,Vane-Tempest-Stewart family,Arsenal F.C. directors and chairmen,Deaths from liver disease

paragraph: Robin Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 8th Marquess of Londonderry

paragraph: Edward Charles Stewart Robert Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 8th Marquess of Londonderry, DL (18 November 1902 – 17 October 1955) was a British peer and politician.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Educated at Eton College, he was the only son of Charles Stewart Henry Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry and his wife, Edith Helen (née Chaplin).

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He worked as honorary attaché to the British Embassy in Rome and as a director of Londonderry Collieries, the family's coal mining company. A keen football fan, he was first a director and then chairman of Arsenal from 1939 to 1946. A portrait of him painted in 1911 as a pageboy at the coronation of King George V and Queen Mary by Philip de Laszlo hangs at Mount Stewart, County Down, the Londonderry ancestral seat in Northern Ireland.

paragraph: Known formally by his courtesy title Viscount Castlereagh and as Robin by friends and family, he was an accomplished public speaker and was Unionist MP for County Down in the House of Commons from 1931 to 1945. He succeeded his father as Marquess in 1949.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and family.

paragraph: He was married on 31 October 1931 at St Martin-in-the-Fields to Romaine Combe (d. 19 December 1951), the daughter of Major Boyce Combe, of Farnham, Surrey, and had issue:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Jane Antonia Frances Vane-Tempest-Stewart (b. 11 August 1932), who married Max Rayne, Baron Rayne in 1965, and has issue; she was one of Queen Elizabeth II's Maids of Honour at the 1953 Coronation.. Lady Jane married in August 2012, the royal biographer and historian Robert Lacey

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Annabel Vane-Tempest-Stewart (b. 13 June 1934)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexander Charles Robert "Alistair" Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 9th Marquess of Londonderry (7 September 1937–20 June 2012)

paragraph: Lord Londonderry was a celebrated host and practical joker, reportedly once decorating the Christmas tree at Wynyard with condoms to startle a visiting cleric. He was an attentive husband and devoted father, entertaining his family with stories and tales. Also regarded as slightly eccentric, on one occasion Lord Londonderry had taken to his bed after a few drinks too many, when Ruth Graham, the wife of the American evangelist Billy Graham, came to call. Although informed that His Lordship was "indisposed", Mrs Graham insisted upon admission to his bedroom, having "come all the way on Billy's account". She was duly announced. Lord Londonderry threw aside the bed-sheets and shouted, "Get in."

paragraph: He had an awkward and distant relationship with his parents, especially his father. The two men took opposite sides during industrial disputes involving the family coal mines, most notably during the general strike in 1926. When he married Romaine, a brewer's daughter, his family viewed the union with disdain. It was a happy marriage by all accounts, but tragedy struck when Lady Londonderry died from cancer in 1951 and her husband plunged into depression and alcoholism.

paragraph: "Daddy changed, literally overnight, into a complete drunk," Lady Annabel Goldsmith, his daughter, recalled. "It was awful. He would collapse while making speeches to the cricket club, that kind of thing. He was on the bottle night and day."

paragraph: Lord Londonderry died from liver failure on 17 October 1955, at age 52. He was buried alongside his wife at Wynyard Park and both were later re-interred in the Londonderry family vault at St Mary's Church, Long Newton, County Durham.

description: Anglo-Irish peer and politician


text:
basketball
center
National Basketball Association
Denver Nuggets
Denver
University of New Orleans
Tim Floyd
Lakefront Arena
center
University of New Orleans
Seattle SuperSonics
1993 NBA draft
Denver Nuggets
Minnesota Timberwolves
Milwaukee Bucks
1996-97 season
NBA.com Profile - Ervin Johnson
Basketball-Reference stats

categories: Denver Nuggets players,American men's basketball players,All-American college men's basketball players,Seattle SuperSonics draft picks,Living people,1967 births,Centers (basketball),African-American basketball players,Seattle SuperSonics players,Basketball players from Louisiana,Universiade medalists in basketball,Minnesota Timberwolves players,Sportspeople from New Orleans,New Orleans Privateers men's basketball players,Milwaukee Bucks players

paragraph: Ervin Johnson

paragraph: Ervin Johnson (born December 21, 1967) is an American retired professional basketball center who played in the National Basketball Association from 1993 to 2006. He currently resides in Colorado as a community ambassador for the Denver Nuggets. He currently coaches the youth club basketball teams E.J. Hoops in Denver.

paragraph: After working in a Baton Rouge supermarket for almost three years, he went to college at the University of New Orleans, where he played for coach Tim Floyd.

paragraph: UNO recorded 87 victories during Johnson's time in the program. They earned two NCAA tournament bids and one NIT tournament appearance. When he finished, he was the second all-time leading scorer in UNO history (1,608 points), first all-time in field goal percentage (59%), first all-time in double-doubles with 55, first all-time in rebounds with 1,287 (10.5 per game), third all-time in double-figure scoring games (81), eighth all-time in steals (109), second all-time in games played (123) and first all-time in blocks (294). Johnson was named All-American South Conference for the 1990-1991 season, All-Sun Belt Conference for the 1991-1992 season and was the 1992-1993 Sun Belt Conference Player of the Year.

paragraph: Johnson completed his degree in general studies from University of New Orleans during the 1996-97 NBA season, and was commencement speaker at graduation ceremonies.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and college career.:Honors.

paragraph: Johnson was named Basketball Times 2nd Team All-American for 1992-93 and 3rd team All-American by Basketball Weekly and United Press International. He was named Honorable Mention All-American for the same season by the Associated Press.

paragraph: Johnson was named MVP of the NABC All-America Game in 1993.

paragraph: On December 29, 1997, his Privateer jersey (40) was retired at Lakefront Arena.

paragraph: In 2005, Johnson was named to the All-Time Men's Basketball Team for the Sun Belt Conference in celebration of the conference's 30th basketball season.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: A 6'11", 245-pound center from the University of New Orleans, Johnson was selected 23rd overall by the Seattle SuperSonics in the 1993 NBA draft, and played for the Sonics, Denver Nuggets, Minnesota Timberwolves and Milwaukee Bucks.

paragraph: In the 1996-97 season, Johnson led the league in total defensive rebounds, with 682.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- NBA.com Profile - Ervin Johnson

paragraph: BULLET::::- Basketball-Reference stats

description: American basketball player

wikidata_label: Ervin Johnson

wikipedia_title: Ervin Johnson


text:
Italian
Naples
Rome
Paris
dell'Annunziata orphanage
Stanislao Lista
Antonio Mancini
Victor Emmanuel II
Museo di Capodimonte
Jean-Louis-Ernest Meissonier
Universal Exposition of 1878
Paris Salon
Capri
Renaissance
Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V
Royal Palace of Naples
Vincenzo Gemito
Artgate
Fondazione Cariplo

categories: 20th-century Italian sculptors,19th-century Italian sculptors,People from Naples,1852 births,1929 deaths

paragraph: Vincenzo Gemito

paragraph: Vincenzo Gemito (July 16, 1852 – March 1, 1929) was an Italian sculptor and artist.

paragraph: Although he worked in various studios of well-known artists in his native Naples, Rome and Paris, he is considered to have largely been self-taught, the reason he produced such distinctive works for that time, replacing sentiment with outstanding realism.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Gemito was born in Naples to a poor woodcutter's family. The day after his birth, his mother left him on the steps of the dell'Annunziata orphanage and he was taken in to live with the other foundlings. He was given the surname Genito, but this somehow became Gemito in orphanage records.

paragraph: On July 30, 1852, he was adopted by a young family that had recently lost a child. The father was an artisan, and as a young child Gemito was probably encouraged to use his hands. He was working as an apprentice in painter and sculptor Emanuele Caggiano's studio before he was 10 years old, demonstrating a dexterity and inventiveness which he eventually became famous for. He also worked in Stanislao Lista's studio. As a 12-year-old he was enrolled at the Naples Academy of Fine Art (where he became a lifelong friend of artist Antonio Mancini), and also attended the Domenico Maggiore Academy for night classes.

paragraph: He moulded the terracotta piece, "The Player", ("Il Giocatore"), one of his most famous works, when only 16 years old. It created excitement when exhibited at the Promotrice in Naples, so much so that King Victor Emmanuel II purchased it and presented it to the Museo di Capodimonte for permanent display.

paragraph: Gemito moved to Paris in 1877 where he found a great friend in noted French artist Jean-Louis-Ernest Meissonier. As he was creating new works in various media in Paris, he also exhibited his works in noted salons and galleries, and at the Universal Exposition of 1878. It was at the Paris Salon the previous year where he experienced a singular triumph, with the showing of his "Neapolitan Fisherboy", which he had worked on for some years to perfect. The acclaim surrounding that work alone brought him widespread fame, and lucrative commissions for portraits. He remained in Paris three years before returning to Naples (1880) after his partner died. He went to Capri for a short time, where he married Anna Cutolo.

paragraph: In 1883 he once again demonstrated his determination to work outside the norm when he constructed his own foundry on the via Mergellina in Naples. He did so to revive the lost-wax process for bronze casting, which had been used during the Renaissance.

paragraph: In 1887, Gemito was commissioned to create a marble statue of the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles V, to be erected outside the Royal Palace of Naples. Marble was the least liked medium for Gemito, and he fretted that this work was below his capabilities. He suffered a mental breakdown and withdrew to a one-room apartment, and spent periods in a mental hospital. For the next 21 years he worked on drawing but remained a recluse, and it wasn't until 1909 that he resumed sculpting to once again produce masterful works.

paragraph: In his later years, Gemito turned to gold and silver smithing, and his intricate and delicate works are much admired today.

paragraph: In 1952, a postage stamp was issued in Italy to celebrate the 100 years since Gemito's birth.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elena Lissoni, Vincenzo Gemito, online catalogue Artgate by Fondazione Cariplo, 2010, CC BY-SA.

description: Italian artist

wikidata_label: Vincenzo Gemito

wikipedia_title: Vincenzo Gemito


text:
Japanese
Asuka period
Nakatomi clan
Fujiwara clan
Mononobe clan
Shinto
Soga clan
Emperor Tenji
Taika Reform
Taishōkan
Nakatomi clan
Nakatomi no Mikeko
Emperor Tenji
Shinto
Buddhism
a coup d'état
Soga no Iruka
Empress Kōgyoku
Soga no Emishi
Emperor Kōtoku
naidaijin
Taika Reforms
Sandai-kyaku-shiki
Taishōkan
Fujiwara no Fuhito
Nakatomi no Omimaro
Ise Shrine
Konoe
Takatsukasa
Kujō
Nijō
Ichijō
Five Regent Houses
Tachibana clan (samurai)
Emperor Montoku
Taira clan
Hirohito
Emperor Shōwa
Empress Kōjun
Sekke Fujiwara
Empress Shōken
Hosokawa Gracia
Minamoto clan
last Tokugawa Shōgun
Fumimaro Konoe
Morihiro Hosokawa
Hosokawa clan
Ashikaga clan
Minamoto clan
Jōe
Fujiwara no Fuhito
Bunin
Emperor Tenmu
Princess Tajima
Bunin
Emperor Tenmu
Fujiwara no Fuhito
Fujiwara no Maro
Bunin
Emperor Kōbun
KBS1
The King's Dream
Tōshi Kaden
Brinkley, Frank
Dairoku Kikuchi
OCLC 413099
"Japan encyclopedia".
Harvard University Press
OCLC 58053128
Titsingh, Isaac
Nihon Ōdai Ichiran
"Annales des empereurs du Japon".
OCLC 5850691

categories: Fujiwara clan,Man'yō poets,614 births,People of Asuka-period Japan,People from Ibaraki, Osaka,Konoe family,669 deaths

paragraph: Fujiwara no Kamatari

paragraph: Fujiwara no Kamatari (藤原 鎌足, 614 – November 14, 669) was a Japanese statesman, courtier and politician during the Asuka period (538–710). Kamatari was born to the Nakatomi clan and became the founder of the Fujiwara clan. He, along with the Mononobe clan, was a supporter of Shinto and fought the introduction of Buddhism to Japan. The Soga clan, defenders of Buddhism in the Asuka period, defeated Kamatari and the Mononobe clan and Buddhism became the dominant religion of the imperial court. Kamatari, along with Prince Naka no Ōe, later Emperor Tenji (626–672), launched the Taika Reform of 645, which centralized and strengthened the central government. Just before his death he received the honorific of Taishōkan (or Daishokukan) and the surname "Fujiwara" from the Emperor Tenji, thus establishing the Fujiwara clan.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Kamatari was born to the Nakatomi clan, was the son of Nakatomi no Mikeko, and named Nakatomi no Kamatari (中臣 鎌足) at birth. He was a friend and supporter of the Prince Naka no Ōe, later Emperor Tenji. Kamatari was the head of the "Jingi no Haku", or Shinto ritualists; as such, he was one of the chief opponents of the increasing power and prevalence of Buddhism in the court, and in the nation. As a result, in 645, Prince Naka no Ōe and Kamatari made a coup d'état in the court. They slew Soga no Iruka who had a strong influence over Empress Kōgyoku; thereafter, Iruka's father, Soga no Emishi, committed suicide.

paragraph: Empress Kōgyoku was forced to abdicate in favor of her younger brother, who became Emperor Kōtoku; Kōtoku then appointed Kamatari "naidaijin" (内大臣, Inner Minister).

paragraph: Kamatari was a leader in the development of what became known as the "Taika Reforms," a major set of reforms based on Chinese models and aimed at strengthening Imperial power. He acted as one of the principal editors responsible for the development of the Japanese legal code known as "Sandai-kyaku-shiki", sometimes referred to as the "Rules and Regulations of the Three Generations".

paragraph: During his life Kamatari continued to support Prince Naka no Ōe, who became Emperor Tenji in 661. Tenji granted him the highest rank "Taishōkan" (or Daishokukan) (大織冠) and a new clan name, Fujiwara (藤原), as honors.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Kamatari's son was Fujiwara no Fuhito. Kamatari's nephew, Nakatomi no Omimaro became head of Ise Shrine, and passed down the Nakatomi name.

paragraph: In the 13th century, the main line of the Fujiwara family split into five houses: Konoe, Takatsukasa, Kujō, Nijō and Ichijō. These five families in turn provided regents for the Emperors, and were thus known as the Five Regent Houses. The Tachibana clan (samurai) also claimed descent from the Fujiwara. Emperor Montoku of the Taira clan was descended through his mother to the Fujiwara.

paragraph: Until the marriage of the Crown Prince Hirohito (posthumously Emperor Shōwa) to Princess Kuni Nagako (posthumously Empress Kōjun) in January 1924, the principal consorts of emperors and crown princes had always been recruited from one of the Sekke Fujiwara. Imperial princesses were often married to Fujiwara lords - throughout a millennium at least. As recently as Emperor Shōwa's third daughter, the late former Princess Takanomiya (Kazoku), and Prince Mikasa's elder daughter, the former Princess Yasuko, married into Takatsukasa and Konoe families, respectively. Empress Shōken was a descendant of the Fujiwara clan and through Hosokawa Gracia of the Minamoto clan. Likewise a daughter of the last Tokugawa Shōgun married a second cousin of Emperor Shōwa.

paragraph: Among Kamatari's descendants are Fumimaro Konoe the 34th/38th/39th Prime Minister of Japan and Konoe's grandson Morihiro Hosokawa the 79th Prime Minister of Japan (who is also a descendant of the Hosokawa clan via the Ashikaga clan of the Minamoto clan).

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Father: Nakatomi no Mikeko (中臣御食子)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mother: Ōtomo no Chisen-no-iratsume (大伴智仙娘), daughter of Otomo no Kuiko (大伴囓子). Also known as ""Ōtomo-bunin"" (大伴夫人).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Main wife: Kagami no Ōkimi (鏡王女, ?-683)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wife: Kurumamochi no Yoshiko-no-iratsume (車持与志古娘), daughter of Kurumamochi no Kuniko (車持国子).

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1st son: Jōe (定恵, 643–666), buddhist monk who traveled to China.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2nd son: Fujiwara no Fuhito (藤原不比等, 659–720)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Children with unknown mother:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daughter: Fujiwara no Hikami-no-iratsume (藤原氷上娘, ?–682), Bunin of Emperor Tenmu, mother of Princess Tajima.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daughter: Fujiwara no Ioe-no-iratsume (藤原五百重娘), Bunin of Emperor Tenmu, wife of Fujiwara no Fuhito and mother of Prince Niitabe and Fujiwara no Maro.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daughter: Fujiwara no Mimimotoji (藤原耳面刀自), Bunin of Emperor Kōbun, mother of Princess Ichishi-hime (壱志姫王).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daughter: Fujiwara no Tome/Tone-no-iratsume (藤原斗売娘), wife of Nakatomi no Omimaro (中臣意美麻呂), mother of Nakatomi no Azumahito (中臣東人).

paragraph: Section::::Popular culture.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Noh Seung-jin in the 2012-2013 KBS1 TV series "The King's Dream".

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tōshi Kaden", a bibliographic record

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brinkley, Frank and Dairoku Kikuchi. (1915). "A History of the Japanese People from the Earliest Times to the End of the Meiji Era". New York: Encyclopædia Britannica. OCLC 413099

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). "Japan encyclopedia". Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ; OCLC 58053128

paragraph: BULLET::::- Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). "Nihon Ōdai Ichiran"; ou, "Annales des empereurs du Japon". Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. OCLC 5850691

description: Japanese noble

wikidata_label: Fujiwara no Kamatari

wikipedia_title: Fujiwara no Kamatari


text:
professional baseball
player
right fielder
left-handed
games
Major League Baseball
San Francisco Giants
Cleveland Indians
Baltimore Orioles
Washington Senators
Nippon Professional Baseball
Hanshin Tigers
Siluria, Alabama
Detroit
Northwestern High School
minor-league
home run
batting title
runs batted in
San Francisco
Los Angeles Dodgers
Seals Stadium
cleanup
Willie Mays
rookie
single
at bats
Felipe Alou
Orlando Cepeda
Jim Davenport
Juan Marichal
Willie McCovey
Leon Wagner
pitcher
Johnny Antonelli
outfielder
Harvey Kuenn
center field
second-division
Triple-A
Hawaii Islanders
Pacific Coast League
batting average
home run
RBI
doubles
triples
doubles
triples
stolen base
hits
Chicago White Sox
Cal McLish
Jimmy Dykes

wikipedia_title:
Professional baseball
Baseball
Right fielder
Handedness
Games played
Major League Baseball
San Francisco Giants
Cleveland Indians
Baltimore Orioles
Texas Rangers (baseball)
Nippon Professional Baseball
Hanshin Tigers
Siluria, Alabama
Detroit
Northwestern High School (Michigan)
Minor League Baseball
Home run
Batting average (baseball)
Run batted in
San Francisco
Los Angeles Dodgers
Seals Stadium
Cleanup hitter
Willie Mays
Rookie
Single (baseball)
At bat
Felipe Alou
Orlando Cepeda
Jim Davenport
Juan Marichal
Willie McCovey
Leon Wagner
Pitcher
Johnny Antonelli
Outfielder
Harvey Kuenn
Center fielder
First division (baseball)
Triple-A (baseball)
Hawaii Islanders
Pacific Coast League
Batting average (baseball)
Home run
Run batted in
Double (baseball)
Triple (baseball)
Double (baseball)
Triple (baseball)
Stolen base
Hit (baseball)
Chicago White Sox
Cal McLish
Jimmy Dykes

categories: Cleveland Indians players,Hawaii Islanders players,Danville Leafs players,American expatriate baseball players in Japan,Major League Baseball right fielders,1934 births,St. Cloud Rox players,Baltimore Orioles players,Minneapolis Millers (baseball) players,Hanshin Tigers players,Baseball players from Alabama,People from Shelby County, Alabama,Phoenix Giants players,Sportspeople from Detroit,Sioux City Soos players,San Francisco Giants players,Living people,African-American baseball players

paragraph: Willie Kirkland

paragraph: Willie Charles Kirkland (born February 17, 1934) is a retired American professional baseball player. A right fielder and a powerful left-handed hitter, Kirkland appeared in 1,149 games in Major League Baseball over nine seasons for the San Francisco Giants (1958–1960), Cleveland Indians (1961–1963), Baltimore Orioles (1964) and Washington Senators (1964–1966). He also spent six seasons in Nippon Professional Baseball as a member of the Hanshin Tigers during his 20-year pro career. Born in Siluria, Alabama, he grew up in Detroit.

paragraph: Section::::Baseball career.

paragraph: Kirkland signed with the New York Giants in 1952 upon his graduation from Detroit's Northwestern High School. He threw right-handed, stood tall and weighed . A prodigious minor-league slugger, he rose through the organization over his first four seasons, three times exceeding the 35-home run mark, and winning a batting title and runs batted in championship on the way. Kirkland then spent all of 1957 in the military.

paragraph: When he mustered out of the service in , he became a member of the MLB Giants during their first season in San Francisco. He won the regular right field job and appeared in the team's first-ever official game on the West Coast: an 8–0 thrashing of the Los Angeles Dodgers at Seals Stadium on April 15. Batting cleanup, behind Willie Mays, the 24-year-old rookie collected a single and an RBI in five at bats. Kirkland was part of a flood of young players who joined the Giants during their maiden years in San Francisco (others included Felipe Alou, Orlando Cepeda, Jim Davenport, Juan Marichal, Willie McCovey and Leon Wagner), and he went on to hold the Giants' regular right-field job for three seasons, through , belting 57 home runs and hitting .261.

paragraph: But after the 1960 season, the Giants traded Kirkland to the Cleveland Indians with veteran pitcher Johnny Antonelli for outfielder Harvey Kuenn. Kirkland took over as the Indians' starting right-fielder in , and led the team in homers (27) and runs batted in (95), hitting .259. But while Kirkland hit 21 homers for the Indians, tied for second on the club, his batting average plummeted to .200. Then, in , Kirkland shuttled between center field and right field, hitting only 15 homers while batting .230. He was traded to the Orioles during the off-season, where he batted .200 in 66 games and was sold to the second-division Senators in August. He spent the rest of his major-league career with Washington as a backup outfielder before he was assigned outright to the Triple-A Hawaii Islanders of the Pacific Coast League. Over his nine MLB seasons, Kirkland posted a .240 batting average with 148 home runs and 509 RBI. His 837 hits also included 134 doubles and 29 triples.

paragraph: Kirkland's year in Hawaii began the last chapter of his pro career. He smashed 34 home runs for the 1967 Islanders, then began his career in Japanese baseball the following season. In his first season for Hanshin, Kirkland hit 37 homers and then 26 the following year. All told, he hit 126 long balls during his career in Japan.

paragraph: Section::::Best seasons.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Collected double digits in doubles (21), triples (10), home runs (21) and stolen bases (12)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hit 27 home runs with 136 hits and 95 RBI in 146 games (all career-highs) with a three-homer game on July 9 against the Chicago White Sox; all came off right-hander Cal McLish. Kirkland came up in the ninth with the game on the line and Cleveland manager Jimmy Dykes ordered him to bunt, which he successfully did.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Baseball Library

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Willie Kirkland

wikipedia_title: Willie Kirkland


text:
Latin America
Nicanor Parra
Violeta Parra
Parra family

categories: Chilean female singers,Chilean rock singers,Parra family,21st-century women singers,Female heavy metal singers,1970 births,Living people

paragraph: Colombina Parra

paragraph: Colombina Violeta Parra Tuca (born 1970) is a Chilean musician and singer. She was part of the Chilean grunge/alternative rock scene in the 1990s. Her band, Ex, were well known in Latin America when their first album came out with singles like "Sacar la Basura", "La Corbata de mi Tío" and "Vendo Diario" in 1996.

paragraph: Parra is the daughter of the physicist, mathematician and self-titled "anti-poet" Nicanor Parra and the niece of famed folk singer Violeta Parra.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Parra family

paragraph: Section::::References.

description: Chilean singer-songwriter

wikidata_label: Colombina Parra

wikipedia_title: Colombina Parra


text:
Chen dynasty
concubine
Chen Shubao
crown prince
Emperor Xuan
Chen Yuan
Crown Princess Shen Wuhua
empress
ladies in waiting
Chen Yin
Sui dynasty
Jiankang
Emperor Wen of Sui
Gao Jiong
Daji
King Zhou of Shang
Zhou dynasty
Jiang Ziya
Yang Guang
Tujue
Qimin Khan
Book of Chen
History of Southern Dynasties
Zizhi Tongjian

categories: Chen dynasty people,Sui dynasty people,Chinese imperial consorts,589 deaths

paragraph: Zhang Lihua

paragraph: Zhang Lihua (; died 589) was an imperial consort of the Chinese Chen dynasty. She was the favorite concubine of Chen's final emperor, Chen Shubao.

paragraph: It is not known when Zhang Lihua was born. She was the daughter of a soldier, but her family was so poor that her father and older brother had to support the family by sewing seating pads. After Chen Shubao became crown prince in 569 after his father Emperor Xuan took the throne, she was initially selected into the palace to serve as a servant to his concubine Consort Gong. When Chen Shubao saw her, however, he was infatuated with her and took her as a concubine. She bore two sons -- Chen Yuan and Chen Zhuang (陳莊). (It is not clear whether she bore any of his at least six daughters.)

paragraph: Emperor Xuan died in 582, and Chen Shubao, after surviving a coup attempt by his brother Chen Shuling (陳叔陵) the Prince of Shixing and cousin Chen Bogu (陳伯固) the Prince of Xin'an, took the throne. Chen Shubao created his wife Crown Princess Shen Wuhua empress, and created Consort Zhang an imperial consort with the honored title of "Guifei" (貴妃) -- the highest rank for imperial consorts. In the coup attempt, Chen Shubao suffered serious injuries, and Consort Zhang attended to him in the illness, as he did not favor Empress Shen and did not allow Empress Shen to attend to him. She became even more favored than before, and she effectively became the ruler of his palace notwithstanding that Empress Shen was empress.

paragraph: Chen Shubao had a large number of concubines—10 of whom were said to be favored—but Consort Zhang continued to be his favorite. He constructed three particularly luxurious pavilions within his palace—Linchun Pavilion (臨春閣), Jieqi Pavilion (結綺閣), and Wangxian Pavilion (望仙閣), residing himself at Linchun Pavilion, while having Consort Zhang reside at Jieqi Pavilion and Consorts Gong and Kong share Wangxian Pavilion. He often spent his days feasting with his concubines, headed by Consort Zhang, as well as those ladies in waiting and officials who had literary talent, having those officials sing or write poetry to praise his concubines' beauty. Two of the particularly known songs, "Yushu Houting Hua" (玉樹後庭花) and "Linchun Yue" (臨春樂), were written to praise the beauties of Consorts Zhang and Kong.

paragraph: Consort Zhang was said to be particularly capable at dressing herself and decorating herself beautifully, as well as engaging witches to pray to gods to help her stay beautiful. At times, her beauty was compared to goddesses. As Chen Shubao was not much interested in the matters of state, whenever he had important petitions to decide on, he would hold Consort Zhang on his lap and have her read the petition and rule on it. She therefore became very powerful politically as well, and so she and Consort Kong (who, while not related to the high-level official Kong Fan (孔範), referred to Kong Fan as her brother) became ones that people would bribe and beg when they had special requests. The officials soon were forced to first discuss important matters with Consorts Zhang and Kong before they could discuss them with the emperor.

paragraph: Because of Chen Shubao's favor for Consort Zhang, he also most favored her sons Chen Yuan and Chen Zhuang among his sons. In 588, he deposed his oldest son and crown prince Chen Yin because he suspected Chen Yin (who, while not born of Empress Shen, was raised by her and considered her son) of despising him for not favoring Empress Shen. He replaced Chen Yin with Chen Yuan.

paragraph: In 589, rival Sui dynasty launched a major attack, and with Chen Shubao not paying attention to generals requesting aid, Sui forces were quickly able to reach and capture the Chen capital Jiankang. Chen Shubao and Consorts Zhang and Kong hid in a well, but were eventually found and taken captive. Chen Shubao was spared (and eventually treated with kindness by Emperor Wen of Sui), as were Chen Yuan and Chen Zhuang, but the Sui general Gao Jiong, blaming her for Chen's collapse and comparing her to Daji, the wicked wife of King Zhou of Shang who was beheaded by the Zhou dynasty general Jiang Ziya after Zhou conquered Shang, beheaded her despite an order from Emperor Wen's son Yang Guang the Prince of Jin, who commanded the entire operation, to spare her. (Whether Yang Guang wanted to seize her as his own concubine can only be speculated.) In 607, after Yang Guang had succeeded Emperor Wen in 604 (as Emperor Yang), he executed Gao after Gao who had expressed disagreement with him on the large amount of award that he was giving to Tujue's submissive Qimin Khan. Many traditional historians believed that he was punishing Gao for having executed Consort Zhang despite his order.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Book of Chen", .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "History of Southern Dynasties", vol. 12.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zizhi Tongjian", vols. , .

description: Chinese imperial consort

wikidata_label: Consort Zhang Lihua

wikipedia_title: Zhang Lihua


text:
Guardian of Scotland
Fife
native Scottish
Donnchadh III
Mormaer
John Balliol
Mormaer of Fife
knight
Sir John de St. John
Robert I
England
Isabella
Battle of Bannockburn
Alan of Menteith
Treaty of Edinburgh
Declaration of Arbroath
Battle of Dupplin Moor
Bishop of Dunkeld
Robert the Bruce
Battle of Halidon Hill
Mary de Monthermer
Edward I of England
Gaelic
Isabella
William Ramsay of Colluthie
iure uxoris
Robert II King of Scotland
Euphemia de Ross
Patrick V, Earl of March
Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany
Barrow, G. W. S.
Broun, Dauvit
accessed 8 Sept 2007

categories: Signatories to the Declaration of Arbroath,13th-century mormaers,People from Fife,Guardians of Scotland,1353 deaths,Clan MacDuff,14th-century Scottish earls,1289 births,People of the Wars of Scottish Independence

paragraph: Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife

paragraph: Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife [Duncan IV] (1289–1353) was sometime Guardian of Scotland, and ruled Fife until his death. He was the last of the native Scottish rulers of that province.

paragraph: He was born in late 1289, the same year as his father Donnchadh III's murder. He therefore came into the Mormaerdom as a baby. He was so young that the honour of crowning John Balliol – normally the hereditary right of the Mormaer of Fife – was delegated to a knight, namely Sir John de St. John. He also missed the crowning of Robert I, owing to his captivity in England. Robert was forced to call upon Donnchadh's sister, Isabella, to officiate in his absence.

paragraph: His initial support for Robert has been doubted, but in 1315, a year after the Battle of Bannockburn, he resigned his Mormaerdom to King Robert for a regrant. The agreement with Robert ensured that the Mormaerdom would not be held by the king, and that the arms of Fife should always be unique from the similar royal arms. If Donnchadh were to die childless, King Robert would grant it to someone, by default Alan of Menteith. This was because Donnchadh's wife was in the custody of the English, and there was obviously some pressure from the men of Fife to retain their own regional ruler. He was present at the negotiations which led to the Treaty of Edinburgh, and a signatory to the Declaration of Arbroath.

paragraph: The Earl of Fife fought with the Bruce loyalists at the Battle of Dupplin Moor where, he being made prisoner, changed sides and, with William Sinclair, Bishop of Dunkeld, a great adherent of Robert the Bruce, crowned Edward Balliol King of Scots at Scone on 24 September 1332. The following year, on 19 July 1333, he fought with the Scottish army at the Battle of Halidon Hill, when he was again captured.

paragraph: In 1306, Donnchadh married Mary de Monthermer, a granddaughter of Edward I of England. He died with no male heirs. He is important because he was the last male Gaelic ruler of Fife. When he died in 1353, he was succeeded in his mormaerdom by his daughter Isabella, who married four times:

paragraph: BULLET::::- William Ramsay of Colluthie. He succeeded as Earl of Fife, de iure uxoris. William and Isabella had a daughter named Elizabeth Ramsey. Alternatively she may have been married to William Felton.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Walter Stewart, son Robert II King of Scotland and Euphemia de Ross. He succeeded as Earl of Fife, de iure uxoris.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas Biset of Upsetlington, who succeeded as Earl of Fife, de iure uxoris.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Dunbar, possibly a son of Patrick V, Earl of March and his first wife Ermengarde. John Dunbar succeeded as Earl of Fife, de iure uxoris.

paragraph: Isabella signed the Earldom of Fife over to Robert Stewart, 1st Duke of Albany in 1371.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bannerman, John, "MacDuff of Fife," in A. Grant & K.Stringer (eds.) "Medieval Scotland: Crown, Lordship and Community, Essays Presented to G.W.S. Barrow", (Edinburgh, 1993), pp. 20–38

paragraph: BULLET::::- Barrow, G. W. S., "Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland", (Edinburgh, 1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Broun, Dauvit, "Anglo-French Acculturation and the Irish Element in Scottish Identity", in Brendan Smith (ed.), "Britain and Ireland, 9001-300: Insular Responses to Medieval European Change", (Cambridge, 1999), pp. 135–53

paragraph: BULLET::::- McDonald, Andrew, "Macduff family, earls of Fife (per. c.1095–1371)", "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press", 2004 accessed 8 Sept 2007

description: Scottish noble

wikidata_label: Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife

wikipedia_title: Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife


text:
World War II
Warsaw Ghetto
Judenrat
Lemberg
Austrian Empire
Ukraine
Jewish culture
periodical
demography
Lemberg University
Warsaw
Zionist
Diaspora
their own independent state
Switzerland
Spinoza
World Zionist Congress
Theodore Herzl
Polish government
carvings
King David
Judah Maccabee
Vienna
Berlin
Nazis
invasion of Poland
Warsaw Ghetto
Abwehr
Gestapo
extermination camps
Jewish Combat Organization

categories: Polish Jews,1943 deaths,19th-century Polish male writers,20th-century Polish dramatists and playwrights,1864 births,20th-century sculptors,Jewish collaborators with Nazi Germany,Jewish dramatists and playwrights,Assassinated Jews,People from Lviv,Assassinated Polish people,Opera librettists,Polish male dramatists and playwrights,Polish sculptors,19th-century sculptors,19th-century Polish dramatists and playwrights,Gestapo personnel

paragraph: Alfred Nossig

paragraph: Alfred Nossig (18 April 1864–22 February 1943) was a Polish sculptor, musician, writer, and public activist. During World War II he was imprisoned in the Warsaw Ghetto where he became a member of the "Judenrat". He was accused of collaboration and executed by a resistance organization.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Alfred Nossig was born in 1864 to a wealthy family in Lemberg (now Lviv), which was then part of the Austrian Empire but is now in Ukraine. Nossig's father exposed him to German culture and was an activist for Jewish rights in Galicia, serving as secretary of the Jewish community there.

paragraph: In the early 1880s, Polish romanticism inspired Nossig to formulate ideas about liberating Jewish culture from the constraints of tradition, causing him to express these ideas in the periodical "Ojczyzna" (The Fatherland) and in an organization (which he himself founded) called Przymierze Braci (Union of Brothers). He was a pioneer in the field of Jewish demography during his time as a student at Lemberg University, winning a prize in 1884 from the university senate for his essay "O ludności" (On Population).

paragraph: Section::::Literary career and Zionist activism.

paragraph: During this time, Nossig also wrote theater reviews for Polish and Jewish newspapers, and in 1888, he published his first collection of poems, Poezje, which won a competition in Warsaw. In 1887, Nossig published the first Zionist work in the Polish language; it was titled "An Attempt to Solve the Jewish Problem" (Próba rozwiązania kwestji źydowskiej), and in it, he argued that there is no future for the Jews in the Diaspora and that thus, Jews must establish their own independent state in Palestine and adjacent countries. After his studies in Lemberg, Nossig pursued a doctorate in Zurich, Switzerland, concentrating on Spinoza.

paragraph: Nossig was a participant in the first World Zionist Congresses but ran into conflict with Theodore Herzl due to Nossig's individualistic character. Nevertheless, Nossig continued to advocate in favor of Zionism and Jewish emigration for the rest of his life. In 1920, he was invited by the Polish government to mediate and create trust between it and Polish Jewish leaders; however, Nossig was unsuccessful in this task.

paragraph: Section::::Art career.

paragraph: Rather than focusing on Polish themes, Nossig focused on Jewish heroism and romantic myth in his carvings, including carvings of famous Jewish heroic figures such as King David and Judah Maccabee. Nossig's most famous sculptures were called "Wandering Jew", "Judas Maccabaeus", "Nordau", and "King Solomon". His interest in art took him to the Academy of Art in Vienna in 1892, to Paris in 1894, and to Berlin in 1900, where he lived until 1933, when the Nazis came to power in Germany and expelled him to Poland.

paragraph: Section::::Final years.

paragraph: After the Nazi German invasion of Poland in 1939, the Jews of Warsaw, including Nossig, were forced to move to the Warsaw Ghetto, where Nossig reportedly collaborated with the Abwehr and Gestapo, drawing up plans for Jewish emigration and submitting memoranda to the German authorities. Nossig was accused of providing regular reports to the Nazis during the deportation of Jewish residents to Nazi extermination camps, and an underground resistance group, the Jewish Combat Organization, sentenced him to death; he was executed on 22 February 1943. At the time, he was almost eighty years old.

description: sculptor

wikidata_label: Alfred Nossig

wikipedia_title: Alfred Nossig


text:
academic style
Bordeaux
Thomas Couture
academic painting
Salon de l'Académie de Peinture
historical subjects
genre scenes
orientalism
Muhammad
hookah
Islam
Siege of Paris

categories: 1826 births,1901 deaths,19th-century French painters,Basque painters,19th-century painters of historical subjects,French male painters,People from Bayonne

paragraph: Achille Zo

paragraph: Achille Zo (born Jean-Baptiste Achille Zo on 30 July 1826, Bayonne -2 March 1901, Bordeaux) was a French painter of Basque origin. He painted in the academic style with many historical works and genre scenes, especially from Spain.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: After losing his father at the age of 14, Zo first became an apprentice house painter while taking drawing lessons at the Bayonne Académie de dessin, receiving many prizes for his work. He then spent a few years working in a theatre decoration studio in Bordeaux before going to Paris in 1846 where he joined Thomas Couture, working in his studio for two years and receiving instruction in academic painting. Unable to make a living in the capital, Zo had to return to Bordeaux but was back in Paris in 1852 when he exhibited a painting at the Salon de l'Académie de Peinture titled "Marchands d'esclaves". As a result of its success, he was able to undertake a lengthy journey to Spain where he completed sketches as a basis for his future work. He was to return to Spain on several occasions, notably in 1856 (Madrid) and in 1860 (Andalucia).

paragraph: For a number of years Zo painted historical subjects and Spanish genre scenes. His "Gitanos du Monte Sagrado à Grenade" and "Famille de bohémiens en voyage" fared quite well at the Salon in 1861. His "Marchand de fruits à Séville", picked out by a critic in 1864, was purchased soon after the king of Portugal. In 1868, the "Tribunal des Rois Mores à l'Alhambra de Grenade", purchased by the French State, earned him a gold medal at the Salon. In the late 1860s, Zo turned from Spanish scenes to orientalism, exhibiting "Rêve du croyant" at the 1870 Salon. It showed one of Muhammad's disciples discovering the splendors of paradise while smoking a hookah, revealing a fanciful approach to Islam and the widely held western view of oriental piety. Upset by the Siege of Paris, in 1871 he returned to Bayonne where he opened a studio while heading the city's Ecole de dessin. He was also appointed custodian of the Musée de peintures et des décors de théâtre. He no longer exhibited in Paris, concentrating on local exhibitions.

paragraph: Section::::Style.

paragraph: Zo was a methodical painter, working meticulously from his initial sketch to his final signature. His rigorous approach provided balance of composition. He took great care in depicting objects with great precision, playing with light and shade while adding strong strokes of colour to a darkly toned base.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- H. Jeanpierre, "Achille Zo, sa vie, son œuvre", Bulletin de la Société des Sciences, Lettres et Arts de Bayonne, 4e trimestre 1967, n°116, p. 409-421.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gérald Schurr, Pierre Cabane, "Dictionnaire des petits maîtres de la peinture 1820-1920", Paris, 1996, 2 vol.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean-Louis Augé, Elisée Trenc Ballester, "Les peintres français et l'Espagne de Delacroix à Manet", catalogue d'exposition, Castres, Musée Goya, 11 juillet-5 octobre 1997.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Velasquez et la France : la découverte de Velasquez par les peintres français", catalogue d'exposition, Castres, Musée Goya, 9 juillet-3 octobre 1999.

alias:
Jean-Baptiste Achille Zo
Jean-Baptiste Zo
Achille Jean Baptiste Zo
Henri Achille Zo
Zo

description: painter

wikidata_label: Achille Zo

wikipedia_title: Achille Zo


text: business

text: Corpus Christi

text: Texas

text: Democrat

text: Texas Legislature

text: state representative

text: senator

text: Kleberg County

text: business administration

text: Texas A&M University–Kingsville

text: Kingsville

text: civil rights

text: American GI Forum

text: Kiwanis International

text: Roman Catholic

text: Knights of Columbus

text: Nueces

text: Texas Bilingual Education Act

text: Spanish

text: English

text: General Education Diploma

text: South Texas

text: bay

text: estuaries

text: redfish

text: brown shrimp

text: radioactive waste

text: drinking water

text: Texas Open Beaches Act

text: Corpus Christi Bay

text: Sharpstown banking scandal

text: Speaker

text: Gus Franklin Mutscher

text: Washington County

text: Austin

text: quorum

text: Republican

text: Governor

text: John B. Connally, Jr.

text: Governor

text: Ronald W. Reagan

text: California

text: filibuster

text: shrimping

text: conference committee

text: South Texas

text: Coastal Bend Health Education Center

text: Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy

text: Irma Rangel

text: magazine

text: Texas Monthly

text: insurance

text: New York Life Insurance Company

text: Million Dollar Round Table

text: Texas State Cemetery

text: Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi

text: Hidalgo County

text: Hugo Berlanga

categories: Activists for Hispanic and Latino American civil rights,Texas state senators,Businesspeople from Texas,Burials at Texas State Cemetery,1935 births,2012 deaths,Texas A&M University–Kingsville alumni,Members of the Texas House of Representatives,Activists from Texas,People from Corpus Christi, Texas,Texas Democrats,American Roman Catholics,People from Kleberg County, Texas

paragraph: Carlos Truan

paragraph: Carlos Flores Truan, Sr. (June 9, 1935 – April 10, 2012), was an American businessman from Corpus Christi, Texas, who served for thirty-four years as a Democrat in both houses of the Texas Legislature. He was a state representative from 1969 to 1977 and a senator from 1977 until his retirement in 2003.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: A native of Kleberg County, Truan worked various low-paying jobs as a youth to help support his single mother, Santos Flores Truan, and his siblings. In 1959, he graduated with a degree in business administration from Texas A&M University–Kingsville, then known as Texas A&I University in Kingsville, Texas. He was active in the Hispanic civil rights groups, the League of United Latin American Citizens and the American GI Forum. He was also a member the Kiwanis International.

paragraph: In 1963, Truan married the former Elvira Munguia (born 1936), and the couple had four children, Carlos Truan, Jr., Veronica Palmer, Rene Truan, and Maria Luisa Truan. He was a member of Most Precious Blood Catholic Church in Corpus Christi and the Roman Catholic men's organization, the Knights of Columbus.

paragraph: Section::::Legislative highlights.

paragraph: In 1968, Truan was first elected to the state House from District 48, which encompassed both Nueces and Kleberg counties. Truan served four two-year terms until he moved up to the Senate in 1977. In 1985, he was elected by his colleagues as the Senate President Pro Tem, the first Hispanic in Texas given this designation. In 1986, he served as "Governor for a Day". In 1995, he became the first Hispanic to be named Dean of the Texas Senate, the member with the greatest seniority. He would remain dean until he left the chamber in January 2003.

paragraph: In 1969, Truan successfully sponsored the Texas Bilingual Education Act, which allowed for the first time some instruction in the Spanish language to non-English-speaking pupils. As a result of this legislation, he was called "the father of bilingual education".

paragraph: Representative Truan sponsored the Texas Public Housing Authority Act of 1969, and the Interstate Placement of Children Act in 1975. He uncovered institutional child-care abuses in Texas and was the author of the Texas Child Care Licensing Act of 1975. As chairman of the Human Resources Committee, Truan pushed for the Texas Adult Education Act of 1973, which established the General Education Diploma.

paragraph: Truan pushed successfully for legislation to regulate the flow of fresh water into South Texas bays and estuaries. He worked to protect redfish and brown shrimp. He targeted the problem of radioactive waste contaminating drinking water in South Texas. He sponsored the Texas Open Beaches Act and was instrumental in the establishment of the Coastal Bend Bays Foundation. He worked to include Corpus Christi Bay in the National Estuary Program.

paragraph: In 1971, Representative Truan was among the "Dirty Thirty" legislators who sought ethics reforms in light of the Sharpstown banking scandal, which decimated the ranks of state legislators in the 1972 elections and caused the defeat of Speaker Gus Franklin Mutscher of Washington County.

paragraph: In 1979, Senator Truan was among the twelve Democrats in the upper chamber known as the "Killer Bees" who went into hiding, mostly at an apartment in Austin, to prevent a quorum from legally acting on a bill that would have severed the presidential primary from the regular Texas state primary election. Had the legislation passed, Texas Democratic voters could, for instance, have crossed over into the Republican presidential primary and voted for former Governor John B. Connally, Jr., of Texas or former Governor Ronald W. Reagan of California, the eventual nominee.

paragraph: In 1981, Truan conducted a one-man filibuster and spoke nonstop for twenty hours to kill a bill related to the shrimping industry, important to the economy of his district. He wore a device by which he could relieve himself while engaging in the filibuster.

paragraph: In 1993, Truan was chairman of the legislative conference committee that allocated more than $200 million for new construction and renovation at several universities in South Texas. He also sponsored the legislation that established a birth defects registry.

paragraph: In 1999, Truan wrote the law which established the Texas A&M Coastal Bend Health Education Center in Corpus Christi, which conducts research and educates medical professionals. In 2001, he helped to secure the Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy at his alma mater, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, named for the late former legislator Irma Rangel.

paragraph: Despite his long-term accomplishments, the magazine "Texas Monthly" in June 2001 added Truan to its annual list of "Top 10 Worst Legislators". Senior editor Paul Burka attributed the low rating to Truan's best work having been not in 2001 and his failure to work well with colleagues. Truan had long been known for browbeating members who tried to block his agenda. In 1998, however, Truan had been named among the 100 most influential Hispanics in the United States by the publication, "Hispanic Business Magazine".

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: After he left the Senate, Truan engaged in his insurance business in Corpus Christi. In 1959, he had begun his career with New York Life Insurance Company and was a member of the Million Dollar Round Table. He died in Corpus Christi in the spring of 2012 at the age of seventy-six. He is interred at Texas State Cemetery in Austin.

paragraph: In December 2003, the Carlos Truan Natural Resources Building at Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi, a facility for which he had obtained funding a decade earlier, was named in his honor. Carlos Truan Junior High School in the Edcouch-Elsa Independent School District in Hidalgo County, Texas, is also named for him.

paragraph: The Democrat Hugo Berlanga, who succeeded Truan in the Texas House and served there from 1977 until his resignation in 1998, recalled his mentor, accordingly: "He was as tough as they came, but he had a soft heart. He never forgot where his roots were. ... Once he became your advocate, he was your champion. Once he decided something was the right thing to do, there was no backing off. I learned a lot from him."

description: American politician

wikidata_label: Carlos Truan

wikipedia_title: Carlos Truan


text: House of Ascania

text: County of Weimar-Orlamünde

text: Siegfried III

text: Valdemar I of Denmark

text: Albert II

text: Herman I

text: Schauenforst Castle

text: Louis IV

text: Weimar

text: Cistercian

text: Guelph

text: Hohenstaufen

text: feud

text: Beatrix of Andechs-Merania

text: Otto I

text: Plassenburg

text: Kulmbach

text: Berneck

text: Goldkronach

text: Wirsberg

text: Pretzendorf

text: Zwernitz Castle

text: Trebgast

text: Herman "the Elder"

text: Herman III

text: Otto III "the Magnificent"

text: Sophie

text: Otto "the Younger"

text: Würzburg

text: Entry at genealogie-mittelalter.de

categories: House of Ascania,12th-century births,Year of birth uncertain,Counts of Weimar-Orlamünde

paragraph: Herman II, Count of Weimar-Orlamünde

paragraph: Herman II, Count of Weimar-Orlamünde ( – 27 December 1247) was a member of the House of Ascania. He ruled the County of Weimar-Orlamünde from 1206 until his death.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was the youngest son of Count Siegfried III ( – 1206) and his wife Sophie (1159 – ), a daughter of King Valdemar I of Denmark.

paragraph: After his father died in 1206, Henry II ruled Weimar-Orlamünde jointly with his brother Albert II. He came increasingly into conflict with Landgrave Herman I of Thuringia, who occupied Schauenforst Castle between Orlamünde and Rudolstadt. In 1214, Herman of Thuringia took Herman of Weimar-Orlamünde prisoner at Weimar Castle. Landgrave Louis IV of Thuringia also fought against the brothers Herman and Albert. Despite the continuing troubles with Thuringia, Herman II managed to expand his territorial sovereignty. He founded the city of Weimar and a Cistercian monastery at Oberweimar. In the conflict between the Houses of Guelph and Hohenstaufen, he sided with the Hohenstaufen. His never-ending feuds eventually caused the downfall of his dynasty. The areas around the two main towns remained separate territories and so it was logical that around 1265 his sons Herman III and Otto III divided the county into two almost independent counties of Weimar and Orlamünde.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and issue.

paragraph: Herman II married Princess Beatrix of Andechs-Merania, the daughter of Duke Otto I of Merania. She was the heir to the Lordship of Plassenburg, including Kulmbach and Mittleberg, and to the Lordship of Berneck, including Goldkronach, meinau, Wirsberg, Pretzendorf, Zwernitz Castle and Trebgast. Herman II and Beatrix had the following children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Herman "the Elder", was a clergyman

paragraph: BULLET::::- Herman III (), inherited Orlamünde

paragraph: BULLET::::- Otto III "the Magnificent" ( – 13 May 1285), married Agnes of Leiningen ( – ), inherited Weimar, Rudolstadt and Plassenburg

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sophie, married in 1259 to Count Henry VIII of Weida ( – 17 September 1280)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Otto "the Younger", canon at Würzburg from 1265 to 1308

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Helmut Assing: "Die frühen Askanier und ihre Frauen", Kulturstiftung, Bernburg, 2002, p. 22

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hans Patze and Walter Schlesinger: "Geschichte Thüringens", Böhlau Verlag, Cologne and Graz, 1967, p. 157

paragraph: BULLET::::- Andreas Thiele: "Erzählende genealogische Stammtafeln zur europäischen Geschichte", vol. I, part 1, R. G. Fischer Verlag, Frankfurt am Main, 1993, table 168

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eduard Winkelmann: "Kaiser Friedrich II", vol. 1, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt, 1963, pp. 379, 480, 481 and 508

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eduard Winkelmann: "Kaiser Friedrich II', vol. 2, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1963, p. 221

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Entry at genealogie-mittelalter.de

paragraph: BULLET::::- Entry for Beatrix of Andechs-Merania in genealogy database by Herbert Stoyan

description: Count of Weimar-Orlamünde

wikidata_label: Herman II, Count of Weimar-Orlamünde

wikipedia_title: Herman II, Count of Weimar-Orlamünde


text: Catalan

categories: 1874 births,1955 deaths,Spanish screenwriters,Spanish inventors,Male screenwriters,Spanish male writers

paragraph: Fructuós Gelabert

paragraph: Fructuós Gelabert (1874–1955) was a Catalan inventor and screenwriter. He was also a film director, directing over 100 films.

description: screenwriter

wikidata_label: Fructuós Gelabert

wikipedia_title: Fructuós Gelabert


text: German

text: jurist

text: Social Democratic Party of Germany

text: Ascona

text: Wolfgang Heine Papers

categories: Members of the 12th Reichstag of the German Empire,People from the Province of Posen,Members of the 13th Reichstag of the German Empire,1861 births,Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians,German jurists,German Protestants,1944 deaths,Politicians from Poznań,Members of the 10th Reichstag of the German Empire,Members of the 11th Reichstag of the German Empire

paragraph: Wolfgang Heine

paragraph: Wolfgang Heine (1861 in Posen–1944) was a German jurist and politician. He joined the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) in 1887 and became a prominent figure on the right-wing of the party. With the split in the party in 1917 he sided with the Majority Social Democratic Party of Germany (MSPD)

paragraph: At the beginning of the Nazi regime, Heine fled to Switzerland and died there, in Ascona.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Archive of Wolfgang Heine Papers at the International Institute of Social History

description: German politician

wikidata_label: Wolfgang Heine

wikipedia_title: Wolfgang Heine


text: French

categories: 18th-century Roman Catholic martyrs,1733 births,French beatified people,People killed in the French Revolution,1792 deaths,18th-century French Jesuits

paragraph: Guillaume-Antoine Delfaud

paragraph: Guillaume-Antoine Delfaud (1733–1792) was a French Jesuit.

description: French Jesuit

wikidata_label: Guillaume-Antoine Delfaud

wikipedia_title: Guillaume-Antoine Delfaud


text:
John II
Louis I

categories: 1561 deaths,Counts of Nassau,1490 births,House of Nassau,16th-century German people

paragraph: John III, Count of Nassau-Beilstein

paragraph: John III, Count of Nassau-Beilstein (1490 – 11 December 1561) was a son of John II and his wife Maria of Solms-Braunfels.

paragraph: In 1513, he succeeded his father as Count of Nassau-Beilstein. In 1523, he married Anna (1505–1564), a daughter of Louis I (1473–1523) of Nassau-Weilburg and Margaret of Nassau-Wiesbaden (1487–1548).

paragraph: He died on 11 December 1561. As he had no male heir, Nassau-Beilstein fell back to Nassau-Dillenburg.

description: Count of Nassau-Beilstein (1513-1561)

wikidata_label: John III of Nassau-Beilstein

wikipedia_title: John III, Count of Nassau-Beilstein


text:
Venezuela
umpire
Major League Baseball
Minor League Baseball
Triple-A
International League
Cincinnati Reds
Cleveland Indians
ejection
Los Angeles Dodgers
Miami Marlins
Detroit Tigers
New York Yankees
2017 World Baseball Classic
Retrosheet profile
MLB profile

categories: 1978 births,Major League Baseball umpires,Living people,People from Barquisimeto

paragraph: Carlos Torres (umpire)

paragraph: Carlos Torres Nuldis (born September 14, 1978) is a Venezuelan professional umpire in Major League Baseball (MLB). He made his major league debut in 2015.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Torres began umpiring in Minor League Baseball in 2009, working his way up to the Triple-A International League where he umpired during 2013–2015. As a fill-in MLB umpire, he made his major league debut on July 17, 2015, umpiring at second base as the Cincinnati Reds hosted the Cleveland Indians.

paragraph: During the 2016 season, he umpired 141 games, including 35 as home plate umpire, while issuing three ejections. Torres was added to the full-time MLB umpiring staff for the 2017 season. That year, he umpired 111 games, including 29 behind the plate. He issued 10 ejections, with three coming in a May 19 contest between the Los Angeles Dodgers and Miami Marlins, and five during an August 24 game between the Detroit Tigers and New York Yankees in which the benches cleared three times during the game..

paragraph: Torres also umpired during qualifying rounds of the 2017 World Baseball Classic.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Retrosheet profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- MLB profile

description: Venezuelan baseball umpire

wikidata_label: Carlos Torres

wikipedia_title: Carlos Torres (umpire)


text:
Uthman ibn Affan
companion
Islamic prophet
Muhammad
Rashidun
Abd Shams ibn Abd Manaf
Banu Abd-Shams
Quraysh
Umm Hakim bint Abdul Muttalib
Prophet
Muhammad
Affan ibn Abi al-'As
Uthman
Uqba ibn Abu Mu'ayt
al-Walid
Umm Kulthum
Islam
Madina
Umm Kulthum bint Uqba
Muhammad
Madina
Uthman ibn Affan
Family tree of Uthman
Sahaba

image: 512px-ضريح_السيدة_أروى_بنت_كريز_عليها_الرضوان.jpg

paragraph: Arwa bint Kurayz

paragraph: Arwa bint Kurayz () was the mother of Uthman ibn Affan, a companion of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, and the third of the "Rashidun" or "Rightly Guided Caliphs".

paragraph: Section::::Ancestry.

paragraph: Arwa was the daughter of Kurayz ibn Rabi'ah ibn Habib Abd Shams ibn Abd Manaf, so was from the Banu Abd-Shams tribe, a sub-clan of the Quraysh. Arwa's mother was Umm Hakim bint Abdul Muttalib, so Arwa was a cousin of the Prophet Muhammad.

paragraph: Section::::Children.

paragraph: Arwa married Affan ibn Abi al-'As and bore him Uthman and Amina. After the death of Affan, Arwa married Uqba ibn Abu Mu'ayt, to whom she bore al-Walid, 'Ammara, Khalid, Umm Kulthum, Umm Hakim and Hind.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Arwa bint Kurayz converted to Islam and emigrated to Madina after her daughter, Umm Kulthum bint Uqba. She gave allegiance to Muhammad and remained in Madina until she died during the caliphate of her son, Uthman ibn Affan.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Family tree of Uthman

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sahaba

description: Sahaba's ancestor

wikidata_label: Urwa bint Kariz

wikipedia_title: Arwa bint Kurayz


text:
Norteño
Ramón Ayala website
MusicWorld biography
Ramon Ayala Biography

categories: Musicians from Monterrey,Male songwriters,Mexican accordionists,Mexican male singers,21st-century accordionists,1945 births,Grammy Award winners,Norteño musicians,Latin Grammy Award winners,Mexican songwriters,Living people

paragraph: Ramón Ayala

paragraph: Ramón Covarrubias Garza (born December 8, 1945), known by his stage name Ramón Ayala, is a Mexican musician, composer and songwriter of Norteño music. Ayala has been featured in thirteen movies.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Notes

paragraph: Bibliography

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ramón Ayala website

paragraph: BULLET::::- MusicWorld biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ramon Ayala Biography

description: Mexican singer

wikidata_label: Ramón Ayala

wikipedia_title: Ramón Ayala