text: Ukrainian

text: Russian

text: International Master

text: chess

text: International Master

text: correspondence chess

text: medicine

text: activist

text: Dr. Zhivago

text: Boris Pasternak

text: Nobel Prize in Literature

text: Academy Award

text: Mikhail Chigorin

text: Wilhelm Steinitz

text: Stefan Izbinsky

text: Efim Bogoljubov

text: José Raúl Capablanca

text: Mannheim

text: DSB Congress

text: Mannheim tournament

text: Germany

text: World War I

text: Alexander Alekhine

text: Peter Petrovich Saburov

text: N. Koppelman

text: Duma

text: Nicholas II

text: Switzerland

text: Genoa

text: Italy

text: USSR Chess Championship

text: Petrograd

text: St Petersburg

text: Leningrad

text: Yakov Vilner

text: Ukrainian Chess Championship

text: Moscow

text: Moscow 1925 chess tournament

text: Efim Bogoljubov

text: Emanuel Lasker

text: José Raúl Capablanca

text: Frank Marshall

text: chessmetrics

text: Ukrainian

text: Peter Romanovsky

text: Mikhail Botvinnik

text: Leningrad

text: Grigory Levenfish

text: Ilya Rabinovich

text: Moscow 1935 chess tournament

text: Salo Flohr

text: Mikhail Botvinnik

text: San Francisco

text: Nikolai Krylenko

text: Ukrainian Chess Championship

text: Vasily Panov

text: University of Kiev

text: medicine

text: World War I

text: radiologist

text: Russian Civil War

text: anatomy

text: Nazi

text: Ukrainian Red Cross

text: Red Cross

text: Gestapo

text: Jewish

text: concentration camp

text: Prague Declaration

text: collaborator

text: Cracow

text: Prague

text: Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia

text: Andrey Vlasov

text: treason

text: persona non grata

text: Viktor Korchnoi

text: Efim Bogoljubow

text: Radom

text: Poland

text: General Government chess tournament

text: Stepan Popel

text: Cracow

text: Prague

text: Čeněk Kottnauer

text: Ludek Pachman

text: Berlin

text: Potsdam

text: Bayreuth

text: Munich

text: Meerbeck

text: Lower Saxony

text: Lucijs Endzelins

text: Romanas Arlauskas

text: Elmārs Zemgalis

text: Wolfgang Unzicker

text: Regensburg

text: Klaus Junge

text: Kirchheim unter Teck

text: Kassel

text: Stuttgart

text: United Kingdom

text: Canada

text: asylum

text: Ottawa

text: University of Ottawa

text: Niagara Falls

text: Liberation Movement of Peoples of Russia

text: San Francisco

text: Ukrainian

text: Stalinism

text: Canadian Chess Championship

text: Arvida

text: Maurice Fox

text: Daniel Yanofsky

text: Frank Anderson

text: Povilas Vaitonis

text: Vancouver

text: Povilas Vaitonis

text: Daniel Yanofsky

text: Chess Olympiad

text: Amsterdam

text: FIDE

text: International Master

text: Grandmaster

text: Correspondence chess

text: ICCF

text: Lawrence Day

text: Boris Spassky

text: Alexander Alekhine

text: Efim Bogolyubov

text: Peter Romanovsky

text: Grigory Levenfish

text: Ilya Rabinovich

text: Boris Verlinsky

text: Russian Revolution

text: Prague

text: San Francisco

text: Boris Pasternak

text: Dr. Zhivago

text: Ludek Pachman vs. Fedor Bohatirchuk, Prague 1944, Sicilian Defense, B95, 0–1

text: List of Eastern Bloc defectors

categories: Soviet emigrants to Canada,People from Kiev Governorate,Ukrainian refugees,Canadian non-fiction writers,Ukrainian emigrants to Canada,Ukrainian writers,Sportspeople from Kiev,Canadian medical researchers,Russian chess players,Ukrainian chess writers,Ukrainian radiologists,Canadian chess writers,University of Ottawa faculty,Applicants for refugee status in Canada,Chess International Masters,1892 births,Canadian chess players,Canadian memoirists,Soviet chess players,Ukrainian chess players,Ukrainian collaborators with Nazi Germany,Canadian people of Ukrainian descent,Sportspeople from Ottawa,1984 deaths,Chess Olympiad competitors,20th-century Ukrainian physicians,Canadian radiologists,Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv alumni

paragraph: Fedir Bohatyrchuk

paragraph: Fedir Parfenovych Bohatyrchuk (also "Bogatirchuk", "Bohatirchuk", "Bogatyrtschuk") (in Ukrainian : Федір Парфенович Богатирчук, Fedir Parfenovych Bohatyrchuk; in Russian : Фёдор Парфеньевич Богатырчук, "Fyodor Parfenyevich Bogatyrchuk") (27 November 1892 – 4 September 1984) was a Russian-Soviet-Ukrainian-Canadian International Master of chess, and an International Master of correspondence chess. He also was a doctor of medicine (radiologist), a political activist, a writer, and a chess writer. A connection has been implied between Bohatyrchuk and the fictional Dr. Zhivago, the subject of a popular novel by Boris Pasternak (winner of the 1958 Nobel Prize in Literature), as well as a 1965 Academy Award-winning film of the same name, based on this novel.

paragraph: Section::::Russian, Ukrainian and Soviet chess.

paragraph: Section::::Russian, Ukrainian and Soviet chess.:Early chess, trained by Chigorin.

paragraph: As a youth, Bohatyrchuk sometimes traveled to chess tournaments with the great player Mikhail Chigorin (1850–1908), who had in 1892 narrowly lost a match for the World Championship to Wilhelm Steinitz. Chigorin trained the young player, and influenced his style and openings.

paragraph: In 1911, Bohatyrchuk won the Kiev City Championship; he was followed by Stefan Izbinsky, Efim Bogoljubov, etc. In 1912, he placed 3rd in the All-Russian Championship. In February 1914, he lost an exhibition game against José Raúl Capablanca at Kiev. In 1914, he took 3rd at Kiev.

paragraph: Section::::Russian, Ukrainian and Soviet chess.:Interned at Mannheim.

paragraph: In July/August 1914, he tied for 6th–10th at Mannheim (the 19th DSB Congress, "Hauptturnier A", or Group II at the event). Bohatyrchuk was part of a group, along with ten other "Russian" players from the interrupted Mannheim tournament, which was interned by Germany after the declaration of war against Russia, which began World War I. In September 1914, Bohatyrchuk and three others (Alexander Alekhine, Peter Petrovich Saburov, and N. Koppelman) were freed and allowed to return home. Some writers have asserted that Alekhine used his family's influence to arrange this; his wealthy father was a member of the Duma of Czar Nicholas II at this time.

paragraph: En route back to Russia, via Switzerland, Bohatyrchuk and Alekhine spent nearly a month in Genoa, Italy, while waiting for transportation to arrive, playing over one hundred games against each other. Bohatyrchuk later stated that "The enforced stay in Genoa undoubtedly did more for my chess development than the games in subsequent years with ordinary opponents."

paragraph: Section::::Russian, Ukrainian and Soviet chess.:Competes in six Soviet Championships.

paragraph: Bohatyrchuk played in six USSR Chess Championships: 1923, 1924, 1927, 1931, 1933, and 1934.

paragraph: In July 1923, he tied for 3rd–5th at Petrograd (St Petersburg, Leningrad), 2nd USSR Championship. In 1924, he took 2nd, behind Yakov Vilner, at Kiev, 1st Ukrainian Chess Championship. In August–September 1924, he tied for 3rd–4th at Moscow, 3rd USSR Ch.

paragraph: In December 1925, he took 11th of 21 at Moscow 1925 chess tournament (the first Soviet-organized International Tournament). The event was won by Efim Bogoljubov, followed by Emanuel Lasker, José Raúl Capablanca, Frank Marshall, etc. This was the first Soviet government-sponsored tournament, and had 11 of the world's top 16 players, based on ratings from chessmetrics.com, making it one of the greatest events in chess history. Bohatyrchuk achieved a 2628 performance, according to the Chessmetrics website, which calculates historical ratings.

paragraph: Section::::Russian, Ukrainian and Soviet chess.:Author, Soviet champion 1927.

paragraph: In 1926, Bohatyrchuk wrote the first chess book "Шахи" (Szachy, Shakhy, Chess) in Ukrainian. In 1927, he won at Kiev. In October 1927, he tied for 1st–2nd with Peter Romanovsky at Moscow, 5th USSR Ch., with (+10−1=9). In 1929, he won at Kiev.

paragraph: In November 1931, he tied for 3rd–6th at Moscow (7th USSR Ch.), with 10/17, as Mikhail Botvinnik won. In 1933, he won at Moscow (Quadrangular), with 4.5/6. In September 1933, he took 8th at Leningrad (8th USSR Ch.), with 10.5/19, as Botvinnik won again. In December 1934 /January 1935, he tied for 3rd–4th at Leningrad (9th USSR Ch.), with 11.5/19, just half a point behind the joint winners Grigory Levenfish and Ilya Rabinovich. During the mid 1930s, the Soviet Chess Federation requested that Bohatyrchuk play more frequently in top events, but he declined, due to his professional career obligations.

paragraph: Section::::Russian, Ukrainian and Soviet chess.:Success against Botvinnik.

paragraph: In March 1935, he tied for 16th–17th at Moscow 1935 chess tournament (the second Soviet-organized International Tournament), with 8/19. The event, which had 8 of the world's top 18 players, according to Chessmetrics, was won by Botvinnik and Salo Flohr, but Bohatyrchuk beat Mikhail Botvinnik in their individual game. Bohatyrchuk has mentioned in his autobiography (printed in Ukrainian in San Francisco in 1978) that just after this game the head of the Soviet Chess Federation, Minister of Justice Nikolai Krylenko, approached him and said: "You will never beat Botvinnik again!" That was indeed the case, as Bohatyrchuk never played Botvinnik again, leaving him with a lifetime score of (+3−0=1) against Botvinnik, who was, however, nearly 20 years younger. Note that the book "Botvinnik's Selected Games 1947–1970" lists Bohatyrchuk's record against Botvinnik as (+3−0=2).

paragraph: Section::::Russian, Ukrainian and Soviet chess.:Late 1930s chess results, 1937 Ukrainian champion.

paragraph: In March 1936, he took 3rd at Kiev (8th Ukrainian Chess Championship, with 11.5/17. In July 1937, he won at Kiev (the 9th Ukrainian Chess Championship), with 12.5/17. In 1938, he took 2nd at Kiev (USSR Ch. semi-final), with 11/17, behind only winner Vasily Panov, but he did not continue on to play at the 11th USSR Championship in 1939, although he had qualified for this.

paragraph: Section::::High school, family, medical education, and military service.

paragraph: Bohatyrchuk completed his high school studies in 1912. He entered the University of Kiev later that year to study medicine, and served in the Russian military, medical corps, during World War I.

paragraph: He had married Olga Zykina (1892–1990) by 1915; the couple had one daughter, Dr. Tamara Jeletzky (1917–1998).

paragraph: He eventually graduated as a professional radiologist, which at that time was an emerging specialty; he completed his habilitation in 1940.

paragraph: During the Russian Civil War, 1917–1922, he was employed by a military hospital, and was a professor of anatomy at the Institute of Physical Education and Sport in Kiev.

paragraph: Section::::Collaboration with the anti-communist Russian forces during World War II.

paragraph: As a radiologist, Bohatyrchuk was seconded to a German medical research facility when Kiev fell to the Nazi armies in September 1941.

paragraph: During World War II, he was a head of the Ukrainian Red Cross, and of the Institute of Experimental Medicine. While working with the Red Cross, Bohatyrchuk did a lot to help the Soviet prisoners of war kept in the German camps in extremely harsh conditions. These activities irritated the Germans, and in February 1942 Bohatyrchuk was arrested and spent about a month in a Gestapo detention centre in Kiev. There also exists information that, while working at the Institute of Experimental Medicine, Bohatyrchuk provided a cover to a Jewish female employee (a sister of the Kiev master Boris Ratner), thereby saving her from execution or deportation to a concentration camp.

paragraph: At a later stage of the war, Bohatyrchuk signed the Prague Declaration, and became viewed by the Soviet authorities as a Nazi collaborator. When the Soviet forces counterattacked and moved into Kiev, Bohatyrchuk, together with his family, migrated to Cracow, then to Prague, in 1944. There he joined the Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia, an anti-communist, collaborationist militia headed by the Russian general Andrey Vlasov. Bohatyrchuk was also the leader of the Ukrainian National Council (Ukrainśka Narodna Rada).

paragraph: As a result of these activities, which were viewed by the Soviets as treason, Bohatyrchuk became the number one "persona non grata" in Soviet chess until the defection of Viktor Korchnoi in 1976. The Soviets removed many of his games from their official records, but many of them were later reclaimed using outside sources.

paragraph: Section::::Chess in Nazi-occupied Europe and American Zone of Occupation.

paragraph: In February 1944, he took 2nd, with 8/9, behind Efim Bogoljubow, at Radom, Poland (the 5th General Government chess tournament). In spring 1944, he drew a match against Stepan Popel at Cracow (2 : 2). In May 1944, in Prague, Bohatyrchuk played an 8-game clock simultaneous training series against local masters, including Čeněk Kottnauer, Ludek Pachman, Jiri Podgorný, and Karel Průcha, scoring an overall dominant (+7−0=1).

paragraph: At the end of World War II, as the German armies were retreating, Bohatyrchuk moved on to a number of German cities, including Berlin and Potsdam, and finally ended up in the American-controlled city of Bayreuth in May 1945, as the European war drew to a close. For a time he lived in Munich, playing in German chess events under the disguised name of ('Bogenko'), so as to avoid repatriation to the USSR. In March 1946, he won a 14-player round-robin for displaced persons, staged in the Allied camp at Meerbeck, Lower Saxony, Germany. He scored 11/13, with (+10−1=2); second was Lucijs Endzelins with 10.5, while third was Romanas Arlauskas with 10. Later in 1946, he won, followed by Elmārs Zemgalis, Wolfgang Unzicker, etc. at Regensburg (Klaus Junge Memorial), with 7/9. In February 1947, he took 3rd at Kirchheim unter Teck. In May 1947, he placed 6th at Kassel, a ten-player international round-robin, won by Bogolyubov. In September 1947, he took 4th at Stuttgart, his last event before departing for Canada.

paragraph: Section::::Settles in Canada.

paragraph: After the end of World War II, the USA, United Kingdom, and Canada chose to give asylum to large numbers of Eastern Europeans. Canada became a safe haven for many Ukrainians. These policies were dictated by the exigencies of the Cold War, specifically by a hope to use some of these people in case the Cold War were to switch into a hot phase. Also, some of the immigrants had professional skills which were of interest to the western powers.

paragraph: Section::::Settles in Canada.:Professor of medicine.

paragraph: These policies enabled Bohatyrchuk to emigrate to Canada in 1948, where he settled in the capital city Ottawa. He became a professor of medicine at the University of Ottawa, and the author of many scientific studies.

paragraph: He received the Barclay Medal in 1955 from the British Radiological Society. From 1960, he was an honorary member of the Canadian Radiological Society.

paragraph: Section::::Settles in Canada.:Political activist, writer.

paragraph: Bohatyrchuk, writing in 1949 from Canada a letter to the British magazine "Chess", was one of the first to describe the Soviet state's methods of high salaries and luxury benefits for promising and talented sportspeople, including chess players, along with intensive training, as part of an overall program to demonstrate the superiority of the communist system. The Soviets were maintaining that their top chess players, including the new world champion Botvinnik, were amateurs, in contrast to the chess professionals elsewhere in the world. His letter generated significant interest and controversy throughout the chess world at the time, including many replies from worldwide chess figures. Bohatyrchuk certainly won no friends in Soviet chess leadership with this activism, which shone undesired attention on their practices, while providing expert direct contradiction.

paragraph: Bohatyrchuk also wrote historical and recollection books. At the congress of the Ukrainian federalists in Niagara Falls in 1952, he was elected Chairman of the Association of the Ukrainian Federalist Democrats, and chief editor of the press organs "Skhidnyak" and the "Federalist Democrat". He was the author of many newspaper and periodical articles on the history of ODNR (Liberation Movement of Peoples of Russia). He wrote his autobiography: "My Life Path to Vlasov and Manifesto of Prague" (published in San Francisco, 1978) (in Ukrainian: Мой жизненный путь к Власову и Пражскому Манифесту, "Moy zhiznennyi put' k Vlasovu i Prazhskomu Manifestu"). In his publications, Bohatyrchuk never apologized for his collaboration with the Nazis, and tried to describe the Nazi-sponsored "Vlasov movement" merely as an alternative to Stalinism.

paragraph: Section::::Canadian chess.

paragraph: Section::::Canadian chess.:Competes in three Canadian championships, 1954 Olympiad.

paragraph: He played in three Closed Canadian Chess Championships. In 1949, he took 2nd at Arvida (winner was Maurice Fox), with 7/9, ahead of Daniel Yanofsky, Frank Anderson, and Povilas Vaitonis. In 1951, he tied for 3rd–4th places at Vancouver (winner was Povilas Vaitonis), with 8.5/12. In 1955, he tied for 3rd–5th at Ottawa (winner was Frank Anderson, ahead of Daniel Yanofsky).

paragraph: Bohatyrchuk, in his 62nd year, also represented Canada at the 11th Chess Olympiad at Amsterdam 1954, playing board four (+7−5=3).

paragraph: Section::::Canadian chess.:International Master.

paragraph: In 1954, FIDE granted him the title of International Master. His earlier achievements, particularly in USSR Championships, may have been sufficient for the higher Grandmaster title, but the Soviets blocked this for political reasons.

paragraph: Section::::Canadian chess.:Canadian Correspondence champion, International Correspondence Master.

paragraph: In his late sixties he took up Correspondence chess, becoming Canadian Correspondence Chess Champion (1963, 1964) and playing 1st board for Canada at the Correspondence Chess Olympiad (1962–1965). In 1967, he was awarded the title of ICCF International Master, and was the top-rated correspondence player in Canada at the end of 1967, at age 75.

paragraph: Bohatyrchuk stayed active in local Ottawa chess into his early eighties, and played correspondence chess until age 85.

paragraph: While living in Ottawa, Bohatyrchuk helped to train the young Lawrence Day (born 1949), who himself became a FIDE International Master in 1972, and who went on to represent Canada a national record 13 times at Chess Olympiads. Day's chess style has been influenced significantly by Bohatyrchuk.

paragraph: Section::::Chess legacy.

paragraph: Former world champion, GM Boris Spassky, stated in 2017, after reviewing Bohatyrchuk's games, that "if Bohatyrchuk plays chess professionally, he could be the first Soviet world champion."

paragraph: Bohatyrchuk, born in 1892, belonged to the same Russian chess generation as Alexander Alekhine (born 1892), Efim Bogolyubov (born 1889), Peter Romanovsky (born 1892), Grigory Levenfish (born 1889), Ilya Rabinovich (born 1891), and Boris Verlinsky (born 1888); this group was beginning to rise to prominence prior to the Russian Revolution of 1917.

paragraph: His peak world ranking was No. 15, at 2629, in October and November 1927, after he tied for first place in the 1927 Soviet Championship, according to Chessmetrics. There were no international chess ratings calculated officially until 1970; the Chessmetrics website offers ratings calculated retrospectively by modern algorithms. However, Chessmetrics is missing many of his important events from its database used to calculate the ratings.

paragraph: Except for the ill-fated Mannheim 1914 event, Bohatyrchuk did not have the opportunity to compete in an international tournament outside Russia or the Soviet Union until near the end of World War II, and even those events came while he was a fugitive from the Soviets.

paragraph: He was inducted into the Canadian Chess Hall of Fame in 2011.

paragraph: Russian chess author Sergey Voronkov published, in 2017 in Prague, publisher Russkiya tradicia, a two-volume set of books covering Bohatyrchuk. Volume one is in Russian, a translated reprint of his 1978 book, published in San Francisco, entitled "Moi zhiznenny put k Vlasovu i Prazhskomu manifestu" (Translation from the Russian to English: "My living route to Vlasov and Prague Manifesto"). Volume two, also in Russian, covers the games of Bohatyrchuk, collected from all available contemporary sources.

paragraph: A connection has been implied between the real-life Dr. Bohatyrchuk and the fictional Dr. Zhivago, as depicted in the novel of that title by Boris Pasternak, and in the 1965 Academy Award winning film "Dr. Zhivago", based on the novel.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Bohatyrchuk died in 1984 at age 91, and is buried in Pinecrest Cemetery in Ottawa, together with his wife Olga, who died in 1990.

paragraph: Section::::Notable games.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexander Ilyin-Zhenevsky vs. Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk, Moscow 1924, 3rd USSR ch, Ruy Lopez, Old Steinitz Defense, C62, 0–1

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk vs. Mikhail Botvinnik, Moscow 1927, 5th USSR ch, French Defense, Winawer Advance Variation, C17, 1–0

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk vs. Mikhail Botvinnik, Leningrad 1933, 8th USSR ch, Sicilian, Dragon, B72, 1–0

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vsevolod Rauzer vs. Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk, Leningrad 1934, 9th USSR ch, Ruy Lopez, Modern Steinitz Defense, Fianchetto Variation, C76, 0–1

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk vs. Mikhail Botvinnik, Moscow 1935, 2nd it, Four Knights, C49, 1–0

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ludek Pachman vs. Fedor Bohatirchuk, Prague 1944, Sicilian Defense, B95, 0–1

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elmars Zemgalis vs. Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk, Regensburg 1946, Klaus Junge Memorial, English, A21, 0–1

paragraph: BULLET::::- Povilas Vaitonis vs. Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk, Canadian Championship, Arvida 1949, CAN-ch, Grünfeld Defense, D93, 0–1

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk vs. Frank Ross Anderson, Canadian Championship, Vancouver 1951, CAN-ch, Bird's Opening, A03, 1–0

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fedor Parfenovich Bohatirchuk vs. Federico Norcia, Amsterdam 1954, 11th Olympiad, Ruy Lopez, Classical, C64, 1–0

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Eastern Bloc defectors

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Bibliography

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fedor Bohatyrchuk: The Forgotten Champion", by Emanuel Sztein and Lenny Cavallaro, Chess Life magazine, January 1984, pp. 22–23.

description: Ukrainian chess player

wikidata_label: Fedir Bohatyrchuk

wikipedia_title: Fedir Bohatyrchuk


text: CBE

text: DL

text: nobleman

text: Earl

text: Leicester

text: Norfolk

text: Holkham Estate

text: Anthony Coke, 6th Earl of Leicester

text: Southern Rhodesia

text: Zimbabwe

text: 3rd Earl of Leicester

text: Gallipoli

text: grey partridge

text: Magna Carta

text: Sir Edward Coke

text: High Sheriff of Norfolk

categories: Deputy Lieutenants of Norfolk,2015 deaths,Earls of Leicester (1837),Coke family,Alumni of St. Andrew's College (South Africa),Commanders of the Order of the British Empire,1936 births

paragraph: Edward Coke, 7th Earl of Leicester

paragraph: Edward Douglas Coke, 7th Earl of Leicester, CBE, DL (6 May 1936 – 25 April 2015), styled Viscount Coke between 1976 and 1994, was an English nobleman. The Earl of Leicester was one of Norfolk's leading figures and played a key role in preserving and modernising the Holkham Estate over the last 40 years.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Lord Leicester was the son of Anthony Coke, 6th Earl of Leicester, and Moyra Joan Crossley, Countess of Leicester. Born in 1936 in Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) where his father had settled as a young man, he spent much of his childhood on a remote farm in South Africa. His grandfather, a younger son of the 3rd Earl of Leicester, had been killed at Gallipoli a week after providing covering fire for the first troop landings, which took place a hundred years to the day before his grandson's death.

paragraph: Section::::The Holkham Estate.

paragraph: By the 1960s it was clear that Edward Coke's father was next in line to succeed to the Holkham estate, and that he was himself the next heir. In 1965, at the age of 29, Coke came to England and settled in the Holkham area to take up farming and familiarise himself with the estate.

paragraph: By early 1973 Coke had taken over the management of the estate, which had become severely in need of improvement. Of the 300 houses on the estate, only around thirty had bathrooms, the Hall was still heated by open fires, and, as he later said, the Park Farm was possibly the only loss-making farm in the country. This was the start of a lifelong project to modernise farming, the estate's buildings, and the Hall, to ensure a viable legacy for future generations. In 1996 he won the Laurent Perrier Award for Conservation, specifically recognising outstanding conservation work carried out to ensure the sustainability of the grey partridge population.

paragraph: In 1976, following the death of the 5th Earl of Leicester and the decision of his father, the 6th Earl of Leicester, to go on living in South Africa, as Viscount Coke he took over full responsibility for the management and leadership of the Holkham Estate. Upon the death of his father in 1994, he became the 7th Earl of Leicester.

paragraph: The Earl was passionate about the Hall's extensive art collection and was a keen patron of the arts, loaning many paintings to galleries and exhibitions both nationally and internationally. Keenly interested in the history of the Coke family and all aspects of the Hall, he undertook the major task, that lasted 10 years, of restoring the original style of windows that had been destroyed by the insertion of large plate glass panes in the 19th century, and restored as far as possible the original picture hang.

paragraph: One of his last initiatives was to suggest a display (now in preparation) in the Hall about the Magna Carta and the role played by his ancestor the great 17th century lawyer, Sir Edward Coke, in preserving its values. With the help of his second wife, Sarah, new vitality was breathed into the Hall by careful repair and refurbishment; open days were transformed by the removal of ropes and the addition of flowers in the state rooms; the Marble Hall hosted classical concerts and staff parties. They deliberately occupied two different wings of the Hall in summer and winter, to maximise use of the whole house.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and children.

paragraph: Leicester married Valeria Phyllis Potter, daughter of Leonard A. Potter, on 28 April 1962. They had three children and six grandchildren.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas Edward Coke, 8th Earl of Leicester (6 July 1965) he married Polly Whately on 21 December 1996. They have four children.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Laura Jane Elizabeth Coke (14 March 1968) she married Jonathan Paul in 1993. They have two sons:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Barnaby Edward Oliver Paul (3 May 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fergus Paul (9 January 2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Honorable Rupert Henry John Coke (1975)

paragraph: They were divorced in 1985. Leicester married secondly Sarah Forde, daughter of Noel Henry Boys Forde, in 1986, her second marriage. The Countess serves as High Sheriff of Norfolk.

paragraph: Section::::Positions and offices held.

paragraph: Alongside overseeing the management of the estate the Earl of Leicester found time to play an active role in public life. Amongst the positions and offices he held were Leader of the Borough Council of King's Lynn & West Norfolk (1980–1985), Chairman of the council's Planning Committee (1987–1991), an English Heritage Commissioner, Trustee of the North Norfolk Historic Building Trust, Founder Trustee and Chairman of the De Montfort University Global Education Trust, Trustee of the Royal Anglian Regiment, Chairman of the Country Landowners Association, Deputy Lieutenant of Norfolk, President of the Ancient Monuments Society and President of Wells RNLI. He served as President of the Historic Houses Association from 1998 to 2003, in which capacity he was appointed a CBE for services to heritage. He continued his work with the HHA as a Patron.

paragraph: The Earl was an active field sports enthusiast and was proud of Holkham's reputation as the birthplace of driven shooting. Over the years, as a lover of working dogs, he hosted the Kennel Club's Retriever Championships and Spaniel Championships on the Holkham Estate. In 1978 he held a country fair in the park to celebrate the 200th anniversary of the Sheep Shearings held by his ancestor, the famous farmer, 'Coke of Norfolk', and it became the first of many such regular events.

paragraph: Section::::Retirement and later life.

paragraph: In October 2005, Lord Leicester retired from the active management of the estate and handed over control to his son, Tom, Viscount Coke (who is now the 8th Earl). He moved to another property on the estate in 2006 but continued to take a keen interest in the continuing improvement of the Hall, the estate and its buildings.

paragraph: Lord Leicester died in the early hours of 25 April 2015. He leaves a widow, Sarah, Countess of Leicester, three children, and seven grandchildren.

description: British Earl

wikidata_label: Edward Coke, 7th Earl of Leicester

wikipedia_title: Edward Coke, 7th Earl of Leicester


text: long-distance runner

text: Leeds

text: Coulsdon

text: Surrey

text: cholangiocarcinoma

text: Lymington

text: Hampshire

text: BBC Sports Personality of the Year

text: Emil Zátopek

text: annus mirabilis

text: Bergen

text: Vladimir Kuts

text: Trondheim

text: Malmö

text: Sweden

text: Melbourne

text: Christopher Chataway

text: Derek Ibbotson

text: cramp

text: Murray Halberg

text: New Zealand

text: Eamonn Andrews

text: Herb Elliott

text: British Orienteering Championships

text: JK Orienteering Festival

text: 1966 World Orienteering Championships

text: 1968 World Orienteering Championships

text: The Guinness Book of Records

text: Adolf Dassler

text: Gordon Pirie Resource Centre

text: "Running Fast and Injury Free"

categories: BBC Sports Personality of the Year winners,Medalists at the 1956 Summer Olympics,Alumni of St Mary's University, Twickenham,British male long-distance runners,English male long-distance runners,1931 births,English people of Scottish descent,Former world record holders in athletics (track and field),European Athletics Championships medalists,Sportspeople from Leeds,Athletes (track and field) at the 1952 Summer Olympics,Athletes (track and field) at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games,Olympic athletes of Great Britain,Olympic silver medallists for Great Britain,Athletes (track and field) at the 1960 Summer Olympics,People from Lymington,Commonwealth Games competitors for England,1991 deaths,Athletes (track and field) at the 1956 Summer Olympics

paragraph: Gordon Pirie

paragraph: Douglas Alistair Gordon Pirie (10 February 1931 – 7 December 1991) was an English long-distance runner. He competed in the 5000 m and 10,000 m events at the 1952, 1956 and 1960 Olympics and won a silver medal in the 5000 m in 1956, placing fourth in 1952. Born in Leeds, Pirie grew up in Coulsdon, Surrey, and ran for the South London Harriers. He died of cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer) in Lymington, Hampshire.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early career.

paragraph: In 1955 Pirie won the BBC Sports Personality of the Year award. During that year he had beaten Emil Zátopek the triple gold medallist in distance running at the 1952 Olympics. Pirie was an exceptional cross-country runner, winning the English Championship three times.

paragraph: Pirie broke five world records in the course of his career, his annus mirabilis being 1956, when on 19 June in Bergen, Norway, he ran 13:36.8 for 5,000 m, beating Vladimir Kuts (USSR), and knocking 25 seconds from his own personal best. On 22 June in Trondheim, Norway, he beat the world 3000 metres record with 7:55.5, and on 14 September, in Malmö, Sweden, he set a new record with 7:52.7.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Melbourne Olympics 1956.

paragraph: In the Olympics, held in Melbourne later that year, Pirie ran against Kuts in the 10,000 metres and despite the tactics of Kuts, an aggressive front runner whose bursts of speed were particularly damaging to a long-striding runner like Pirie, he stayed with him into the last mile when every other competitor had dropped well back. Kuts surrendered the lead for a short while, then made a sprint which Pirie could not match and he dropped back. Kuts said that if Pirie had stayed with him on that last sprint he would have dropped out of the race.

paragraph: In the 5,000 metres Pirie took second place behind Kuts. Christopher Chataway, another British runner, had been selected on past performance. He had not competed at top level for more than a year as he was pursuing a media career. With Pirie and Derek Ibbotson, the third British runner, he was tracking Kuts and had moved ahead of them as they went into a bend. The Soviet runner was setting a much faster pace than Chataway had ever run. Chataway suffered an attack of stomach cramp which caused him to slow down, and as Pirie and Ibbotson came out of the bend they found that Kuts had opened a gap. Pirie and Ibbotson ran round Chataway but Kuts was able to exploit his advantage and won the race with a margin of 11 seconds, the largest ever for this event in Olympic history. For the latter stages of the race Pirie was running what was virtually a front race, as Kuts had broken away, but he was still strong enough to hold off a late challenge by Ibbotson.

paragraph: Section::::Between the Olympics.

paragraph: Pirie competed for England at the 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games and finished fourth in the 1-mile and 3-mile events.

paragraph: Section::::Between the Olympics.:Rome Olympics 1960.

paragraph: The 1960 Rome Olympics were held in the height of the summer and Pirie and other leading British contestants asked to go on ahead of the main party, at their own expense, so that they might acclimatise to the heat. They were refused permission, on the grounds that "we travel as a team". Pirie and his fellow 5,000 metres contestants were eliminated in the heats, leaving Pirie's only chance of a gold medal the 10,000 metres held later in the games. Pirie followed the favourite, Murray Halberg of New Zealand.

paragraph: Halberg had won his major championships by making a tactical burst in the last mile and holding on to the lead – he had won the 5,000 metres at Rome by that tactic and Pirie's plan was to stay with him as he went forward. Halberg was probably suffering from his effort in the earlier race and as the race went on he failed to stay with the leaders. Pirie realised that he and Halberg had lost contact with them.

paragraph: Section::::Between the Olympics.:Post-Olympic career.

paragraph: For some years, after he had criticised them, sections of the press ran a campaign against Pirie particularly after the Olympics. In a radio interview with Eamonn Andrews soon after the games, the Australian runner Herb Elliott, referred to Pirie and Ibbotson who, having broken the world record for the mile in 1957, had never regained the same form and was not selected for Rome. Elliott said, "The British Press is the most vicious in the world. Their attitude to people like Pirie and Ibbotson is 'That bloke's on his way down, I'm going to kick him down and keep him there.'" In 1960 Pirie ran a sub-four minute mile in Dublin, clocking 3:59.9.

paragraph: Pirie won the British Orienteering Championships in its first two years, 1967 and 1968, and won the first edition of the JK Orienteering Festival. He also represented UK at the 1966 World Orienteering Championships, and again at the 1968 World Orienteering Championships.

paragraph: The 1998 edition of "The Guinness Book of Records" lists Gordon Pirie under the "Greatest Mileage" entry, stating that he had run a total distance of in 40 years to 1981.

paragraph: Section::::"Running Fast and Injury Free".

paragraph: In his book "Running Fast and Injury Free" Pirie advocates running with initially making ground contact with the midfoot (as opposed to the usual style of long steps with landing on heels), 3–5 steps per second to reduce fatigue, damage to feet, and wasting of energy on vertical movement of body. He also describes his collaboration with Adolf Dassler on designing running shoes with stronger toes (instead of the usual design with stronger heels) for better durability with his advocated running style.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gordon Pirie Resource Centre

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://www.scribd.com/doc/13695/Gordon-Piries-Running-Fast-and-Injury-Free

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://www.scribd.com/doc/18228/Gordon-Piries-Running-Fast-and-Injury-Free-ultimate-edition-240307

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Running Fast and Injury Free"

description: athletics competitor

wikidata_label: Gordon Pirie

wikipedia_title: Gordon Pirie


text: PC

text: British

text: Liberal

text: Lord Charles Russell

text: John Russell, 6th Duke of Bedford

text: Carmarthenshire

text: Harrow

text: University College, Oxford

text: myelitis

text: Liberal

text: Aylesbury

text: Biggleswade

text: William Ewart Gladstone

text: Under-Secretary of State for India

text: Lord Rosebery

text: London County Council

text: Privy Counsellor

text: St Andrews University

text: Victoria and Albert Museum

categories: Members of London County Council,UK MPs 1880–1885,UK MPs 1892–1895,Alumni of University College, Oxford,1853 births,1919 deaths,People educated at Harrow School,Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies,Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom,Russell family

paragraph: George W. E. Russell

paragraph: George William Erskine Russell PC (3 February 1853 – 17 March 1919), known as George W. E. Russell, was a British biographer, memoirist and Liberal politician.

paragraph: Section::::Background and education.

paragraph: Russell was born in London, England, on 3 February 1853, the youngest son of Lord Charles Russell, sixth son of John Russell, 6th Duke of Bedford. His mother was Isabella Clarisa Davies, daughter of William Griffith Davies, of Penylan, Carmarthenshire. He was educated at Harrow and University College, Oxford.

paragraph: Though he entered University College as a Scholar, he obtained only a Pass degree. Ill-health, particularly myelitis, put paid to any chance of academic distinction.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.

paragraph: Russell was Liberal Member of Parliament for Aylesbury from 1880 to 1885, and for Biggleswade from 1892 to 1895. He was appointed by William Ewart Gladstone as Parliamentary Secretary to the Local Government Board from 1883 to 1885 and as Under-Secretary of State for India from 1892 to 1894. Under Lord Rosebery he was Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department from 1894 to 1895. He was also an Alderman on London County Council from 1889 to 1895. He was appointed a Privy Counsellor in 1907, and held the honorary degree of LLD from St Andrews University. He was the author of the biography "The Right Honourable William Ewart Gladstone" (1891). Russell was a journalist by profession, and a close ally of the Grand Old Man, a home ruler, when Gladstone presented the bill to the Commons for the second time on 13 February 1893.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Russell died, unmarried, at 18 Wilton Street, London, on 17 March 1919, aged 66.

paragraph: Section::::Photographs.

paragraph: The Victoria and Albert Museum's photograph of Russell can be seen at https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O103221/gwe-russell-portraits-of-many-photograph-hollyer-frederick/

alias:
George William Erskine Russell
G. W. E. Russell
G. W. E. R.

description: British politician

wikidata_label: George W. E. Russell

wikipedia_title: George W. E. Russell


text:
Montreal
Quebec
French Canadian
Genie Award
Best Supporting Actress
Love Crazy
C.R.A.Z.Y.
Passe-Partout
Raymond Cloutier
Émile Proulx-Cloutier
Catherine Proulx-Lemay

categories: Canadian television actresses,French Quebecers,Canadian film actresses,1952 births,Best Supporting Actress Genie and Canadian Screen Award winners,Actresses from Montreal,Living people

paragraph: Danielle Proulx

paragraph: Danielle Proulx (born October 12, 1952 in Montreal, Quebec) is a French Canadian actress. She is a two-time Genie Award winner for Best Supporting Actress, for her roles in "Love Crazy (Amoureux fou)" in 1991 and "C.R.A.Z.Y." in 2005.

paragraph: In 2019, she is slated to play the regular role of Grand-Mère in a revival of the influential children's series "Passe-Partout".

paragraph: She was married to Raymond Cloutier. Her son, Émile Proulx-Cloutier, is also an actor, as is her niece, Catherine Proulx-Lemay.

description: Canadian actress

wikidata_label: Danielle Proulx

wikipedia_title: Danielle Proulx


text:
Duke
Limburg
Count
Arlon
Henry II
Luxembourg
Henry IV the Blind
Hainaut
Baldwin V
Arlon
Folmar of Karden
Archbishop of Trier
Frederick Barbarossa
battle of Steppes
Otto of Brunswick
Philip of Swabia
German king
Battle of Bouvines
Waleran III, Duke of Limburg

categories: 1221 deaths,Counts of Arlon,Dukes of Limburg,1140s births

paragraph: Henry III, Duke of Limburg

paragraph: Henry III ( – 21 June 1221) was the Duke of Limburg and Count of Arlon from 1165 to his death. He was the son and successor of Henry II and Matilda of Saffenberg.

paragraph: In 1172, he fought against the Count of Luxembourg, Henry IV the Blind, and then his ally, the Count of Hainaut, Baldwin V. The environs of Arlon were devastated and the duke, overcome, had to recompense the Count of Luxembourg for the wrongs he had done him. In 1183, he supported the election of Folmar of Karden as Archbishop of Trier. This was opposed by the emperor, Frederick Barbarossa.

paragraph: In 1213, Henry faced his nephew Henry, Duke of Brabant at the battle of Steppes. The Duke of Brabant's army broke and ran. Henry later supported Otto of Brunswick over Philip of Swabia as German king and imperial claimant. He fought at the Battle of Bouvines in 1214 for Otto of Brunswick, while his son Waleran sided with Philip II of France.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and children.

paragraph: He married Sophia of Saarbrücken, they had:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Waleran III, Duke of Limburg

description: Duke of Limburg and Count of Arlon

wikidata_label: Henry III, Duke of Limburg

wikipedia_title: Henry III, Duke of Limburg


text: old master print

text: Paris

text: engraver

text: Jean Mariette

text: livres

text: antiquarian

text: comte de Caylus

text: Leonardo da Vinci

text: Pierre Crozat

text: Eugene of Savoy

text: Accademia delle Arti del Disegno

text: Charles-Antoine Coypel

text: old master print

text: sale catalogue

text: Old Master

text: Andrea del Sarto

text: Giorgio Vasari

text: Augustin-Charles d'Aviler

text: Pierre Fauchard

text: Michelangelo

text: Sistine Chapel

text: Rubens

text: Bibliothèque nationale

text: Earls Spencer

text: Harvard University

text: etching

text: engraving

text: Jacques Callot

text: Jusepe de Ribera

text: Adriaen van Ostade

text: Chardin

text: Greuze

text: Salon of 1763

text: hardstone carvings

text: Giovanni Battista Piranesi

text: Andre-Charles Boulle

text: Pierre-Antoine Crozat

text: Antoine Watteau

text: Edmé Bouchardon

text: comte de Caylus

text: Order of the Saint-Esprit

text: Pellegrino Antonio Orlandi

text: Lives

text: Diderot

text: Charles-Nicolas Cochin

text: Neoclassicism

text: Anatole de Montaiglon

text: Musée du Louvre

text: vita

text: The Burlington Magazine

text: marchands-merciers

text: Edme-François Gersaint

text: "Mariette, Pierre-Jean"

text: Marjorie B. Cohn

text: "Mariette family"

text: The Dictionary of Art

categories: Artists from Paris,1694 births,French art collectors,French art historians,1774 deaths

paragraph: Pierre-Jean Mariette

paragraph: Pierre-Jean Mariette (7 May 1694 – 10 September 1774) was a collector of and dealer in old master prints, a renowned connoisseur, especially of prints and drawings, and a chronicler of the careers of French Italian and Flemish artists. He was born and died in Paris, and was a central figure in the artistic culture of the city for decades.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and training.

paragraph: Mariette was born to a long-established and highly successful family of engravers, book publishers and printsellers in Paris. His father was Jean Mariette (1660–1742). In 1657 his father's father, Pierre Mariette (ii) (1634–1716), had bought the family business from his ailing father, Pierre Mariette (i) (1596–1657), for 30,000 livres.

paragraph: Family connections put him in contact as a young man with antiquarians such as the comte de Caylus, for whom Mariette would write his "Lettre sur Leonardo da Vinci", printed as a preface to Caylus's book on Leonardo's caricatures, 1730. In 1722 he first met the immensely rich patron of the arts Pierre Crozat, whom he advised, whose collection he catalogued and from whose sale he purchased outstanding drawings.

paragraph: After he attended the Jesuit college in Paris, his father sent him on tour in 1717, to sharpen his connoisseurship and further family connections. First he went to Amsterdam, which was the center of the art trade, and then to Germany. In Vienna Mariette catalogued the art collection of Prince Eugene of Savoy. Everywhere the affable, curious and sociable Mariette made acquaintances and formed contacts with the scholarly and artistic community in Europe, which he maintained through correspondence.

paragraph: Section::::Later career.

paragraph: Through his artistic connections, Mariette was named a member of the prestigious Accademia delle Arti del Disegno, Florence, in 1733. His knowledge of prints and his close friendship with Caylus and the artist Charles-Antoine Coypel secured him a position reorganizing the old master print collection of the Bibliothèque Royale. In 1741 Mariette was asked to write the sale catalogue of Crozat's collection of paintings and antiquities, the first example of the modern descriptive sale catalogue. He purchased some of Crozat's drawings at the sale himself; a provenance from Mariette's collection, with its discrete collector's stamp, adds allure even to great Old Master drawings: a head by Andrea del Sarto, from the collections of Giorgio Vasari, Crozat and Mariette fetched £6,504,000 (ca $11,740,072) at auction in 2005

paragraph: Mariette engraved and printed several plates, an aspect of the family business. His engravings illustrated the "Cours d'architecture qui comprend les ordres de Vignole ä ceux de Michel-Ange" of Augustin-Charles d'Aviler (Paris, 1760), Before the death of his father in 1742, Mariette had already been running the family publishing and print-making business, an aspect of his career often overlooked by art historians. The firm had published Pierre Fauchard's "Le chirurgien dentiste, ou traité des dents" 1728, the first modern work on dentistry and a milestone of medical history,

paragraph: By 1750 he sold the family business that he had inherited in 1744, in order to purchase the office of "Contrôleur Général de la Grande Chancellerie", a sinecure that allowed him to devote the rest of his life to his researches and to increasing his celebrated collection. He concentrated on prints and drawings, but also included paintings, bronzes and terracottas. Among his great drawings was a Michelangelo study of a nude for the Sistine Chapel. He shared Crozat's taste for the drawings of Rubens: at Crozat's sale he purchased sixty-two of the finest for his own collection. When his collections were dispersed at auction after his death, 1266 drawings were acquired by the Crown; they now form part of the collection at the Bibliothèque nationale. The albums of more than 3500 prints mounted on fine paper, which had been begun by his father, Jean Mariette, passed into the collection of the Earls Spencer. These "Spencer Albums" of Mariette's prints are one of the most important acquisitions made by the Harvard University Art Museums in recent years. The albums include etchings and engravings in a near-perfect state of preservation by Italian, Dutch, and Flemish printmakers, including Jacques Callot, Jusepe de Ribera, and Adriaen van Ostade.

paragraph: Mariette also collected contemporary French paintings, Although he was immune to the forceful realism of Chardin, the more sentimental charm of Greuze found a place on his walls: Greuze's "Young Peasant Boy", shown at the Salon of 1763 had already been purchased by Mariette, together with its pendant, before it was exhibited.

paragraph: Mariette's further published works were not many. In 1750 he published a "Traité historique des pierres gravées du Cabinet du Roi", on the hardstone carvings in the royal collection. His reputation as a connoisseur, who laid down the principles by which the hands of Italian master drawings could be ascertained, led to him being made an associate, then an honorary (1757) member of the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture.

paragraph: In 1764-65 he got into a public dispute in the pages of the "Gazette littéraire de l'Europe" with Giovanni Battista Piranesi, whom Mariette admired greatly as an artist, over Piranesi's polemical stand that the magnificence of Roman art derived from its Etruscan roots, rather than from its Greek borrowings

paragraph: Mariette's circle of friends was large, included Andre-Charles Boulle and was broad enough to define the state of art connoisseurship in France during his time, beginning with the circle he met at the houses of the prodigious collection Pierre-Antoine Crozat, where besides artists like Antoine Watteau and the classicizing sculptor Edmé Bouchardon, Mariette met the abbé de Maroulle and the comte de Caylus, who helped sharpen his eye.

paragraph: Mariette married Angélique-Catherine Doyen in 1724. He acquired a country house at Croissy, which he named "Le Colifichet" was ennobled during the reign of Louis XV, and honored with the Order of the Saint-Esprit.

paragraph: Section::::Mariette's dictionary of artists.

paragraph: His major ambition was to write a history of engraving and a dictionary of artists. In preparation, he compiled numerous annotations to the "Abecedario pittorico" (1704) of Pellegrino Antonio Orlandi. His father's notes on artists, accumulated in the course of the art trade, and his own wide experience and correspondence among the "cognoscenti", were the basis of these projects, none of which, however, ever came to fruition. Caylus used Mariette's notes on Vasari's "Lives" for his manuscript "Vies d’artistes du XVIIIe siècle".

paragraph: Fortunately a "corpus" of Mariette's assembled materials— pamphlets, manuscripts, salon and exhibition catalogues, including the salon criticism of Diderot—came into the hands of Charles-Nicolas Cochin, an artist and guiding spirit of Neoclassicism, and, greatly augmented, was deposited in 1880 at the Bibliothèque Nationale

paragraph: Not until 1851 were Mariette's notes and anecdotes entered in the "Abecedario" compiled by Philippe de Chennevières and Anatole de Montaiglon, in the six volumes of "Abecedario de P.J. Mariette et autres notes inédites de cet amateur sur les arts et les artistes" (Paris, 1851–60).

paragraph: Section::::Louvre exhibition.

paragraph: An exhibition at the Musée du Louvre in 1967 drew together materials to honour his memory, occasioning a rich catalogue and a "vita" by the editor of "The Burlington Magazine"; it provoked a resurgence of scholarly interest in the history of taste and the role of other Parisian taste-makers, such as the "marchands-merciers", like Edme-François Gersaint.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mariette, Pierre-Jean" (archive copy of 4 Febrauary 2012), "Dictionary of Art Historians"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marjorie B. Cohn, 1992. "A Noble Collection: The Spencer Albums of Old Master Prints" (Harvard University)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jules Dumesnil. "Histoire des plus célèbres amateurs français et de leurs relations avec les artistes," vol. I "Pierre-Jean Mariette 1694-1774", (Paris: Renouard) 1856.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Montaiglon, Anatole de, ed., "Abecedario de P. J. Mariette et autres notes inédites de cet amateur sur les arts et les artistes", vol. 5 Paris (1859)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Exhibition catalogue Musée du Louvre. "Le Cabinet d'un Grand Amateur: P.-J. Mariette 1694-1774", (Paris: Musée du Louvre) 1967.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Occhipinti, C. "Piranesi, Mariette, Algarotti. Percorsi settecenteschi nella cultura figurativa europea". Roma, UniversItalia, 2013.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Association Mariette : http://www.associationmariette.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kristel Smentek, "Mariette and the Science of the Connoisseur in Eighteenth-Century Europe", Farnham, Surrey and Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2014.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Walsh, Amy L. (1996). "Mariette family", vol. 20, pp. 415–418, in "The Dictionary of Art", 34 volumes, edited by Jane Turner. New York: Grove. .

alias:
Pierre Jean Mariette
M. Mariette
Jean-Pierre Mariette

description: French art historian

wikidata_label: Pierre-Jean Mariette

wikipedia_title: Pierre-Jean Mariette


text:
London
alphabet
Shoreditch
Brick Lane
Broadway Market
Paris
Stockholm
Hastings
Newcastle upon Tyne
Banksy
Jamie Hewlett
Modern Toss
David Shrigley
Time Out
Barack Obama
David Cameron
Art Below
Regent's Park
Central line
Banksy
Inkie
Mike Ballard
Goldie
Shoreditch
Brick Lane
Broadway Market
Regent's Park
Chank Diesel
font
Nelly Duff
London Fashion Week: Men's
Alphabeat
Duffy
Snow Patrol
Take Back the City
]
Nelly Duff
Banksy
Gallery V1

wikipedia_title:
London
Alphabet
Shoreditch
Brick Lane
Broadway Market
Paris
Stockholm
Hastings
Newcastle upon Tyne
Banksy
Jamie Hewlett
Modern Toss
David Shrigley
Time Out Group
Barack Obama
David Cameron
Ben Moore (curator)
Regent's Park
Central line (London Underground)
Banksy
Inkie
Mike Ballard
Goldie
Shoreditch
Brick Lane
Broadway Market
Regent's Park
Chank Diesel
Font
Nelly Duff
London Fashion Week
Alphabeat
Duffy (singer)
Snow Patrol
Take Back the City
Ben Eine
Nelly Duff
Banksy
V1 Gallery

categories: English graffiti artists,1970 births,Artists from London

paragraph: Ben Eine

paragraph: Ben Flynn (born 23 August 1970), known professionally as Eine, is an English artist based in London.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Eine first became notable for his alphabet lettering on shop shutters in London's Shoreditch, Brick Lane and Broadway Market areas. Some of these letters have been mapped for ease of finding. He has also taken his lettering to the streets of Paris, Stockholm, Hastings and Newcastle upon Tyne.

paragraph: Prior to becoming involved in letter form art, Eine was a very famous and highly credible writer in the underground London graffiti scene. His unusual 'throw up' was created to stand out from the usual tags and dubs seen on the streets and can still be found in some dingy areas of East London.

paragraph: Eine first started to explore more commercial avenues in a workshop above the Dragon Bar in Leonard Street, London (since demolished). Eine produced a number of custom clothing designs notably some custom "VANDALS" sweatshirts and started to explore screen prints, eventually founding cult screen print company Pictures On Walls alongside Banksy. Eine produced many of the hand pulled prints for artists represented by POW including , Jamie Hewlett, Mode2, Modern Toss and David Shrigley. His natural talent for colour combinations meant that he was able to enhance the work supplied by the artists. He left this position to continue to pursue his own solo career in 2008.

paragraph: At this time Eine contributed to sticker graffiti and was prolific in East London with his neon and black EINE stickers (multiple EINE names).

paragraph: Eine first came to prominence in the "commercial" graffiti scene through his symbiotic partnership with London graffiti artist Banksy; through Eine, Banksy was able to access the underground scene and through Banksy Eine accessed the commercial world.

paragraph: In his commercial work he has produced numerous lettering styles including: Shutter, NewCircus, Neon, Elton, Vandalism, Tenderloin, and Wendy.

paragraph: In 2007, the Tower Hamlets Partnership began to survey residents of Brick Lane to ask whether they considered his graffiti offensive and should be removed.

paragraph: In January 2008, Eine was featured in an article in London's Time Out magazine as one of the six best new street artists working in the capital.

paragraph: There is a chapter on Eine in "Street Renegades: New Underground Art" by Francesca Gavin and he is also featured in "The Art Of Rebellion 2: World Of Urban Art Activism" by Christian Hundertmark, and he was featured in Sebastian Peiter's documentary 'Guerilla Art'.

paragraph: In July 2010, President Barack Obama was presented with a painting by Eine, "Twenty First Century City", as an official gift from the British Prime Minister. David Cameron.

paragraph: In May 2010 Ben Eine painted a complete alphabet on Middlesex Street in East London, which was re-christened Alphabet Street by the residents and described by The Times as “a street now internationally recognized as a living piece of art with direct links to The White House.”

paragraph: EINE's solo show (March 2011) at White Walls gallery in San Francisco sold out prior to opening. He was also included in the biggest exhibition of street art to date “Art in the Streets” at MOCA, Los Angeles (April 2011).

paragraph: In 2011 EINE was invited by Amnesty International to design their 50th anniversary poster, joining other artists such as Picasso and Miro in supporting the charity through art. Eine continues to produce canvasses and screen prints from his studio in Hastings and aims to travel the world painting his colourful letters and statements on shutters and walls wherever he can.

paragraph: Eine's work was featured at Art Below's The Peace Project. His work at the show contained his graffiti typography. One of his pieces that simply spelled out the word love titled 'Circus Love' was displayed at Regent's Park this had previously being featured in Art Below's July 2012 show where it was placed on the wall of the Central line at Oxford Circus. Where Eine joined a growing list of Street Artists who have exhibited with Art Below such as Banksy, Inkie, Mike Ballard, and Goldie.

paragraph: Eine's work was featured at Art Below's The Peace Project. Enie's known for Alphabet Street, where the shutters and murals on which he painted his colours and typography can be seen in London's Shoreditch, Brick Lane and Broadway Market areas. One of his pieces that simply spelled out the word love titled 'Circus Love' was displayed at Regent's Park; this had previously being featured in Art Below's July 2012 show, where it was placed on the wall of the Central line at Oxford Circus. In 2012, typographer Chank Diesel released Tenderloin, a free font designed in collaboration with Eine. In 2013, edition house and gallery Nelly Duff released "Tenderloin A-Z", a 52-color silkscreen based on the Tenderloin font.

paragraph: On 7 June 2018, Eine was involved in an altercation at the exhibition of Tamma Abts. Eine was ordered to pay a victim surcharge of £85 and costs to the prosecution of £85 were issued.

paragraph: Throughout Eine's extensive career, he has made numerous charitable contributions. Including donations to Shelter and War Child Charity through sales at Christie's auction.

paragraph: August 2011

paragraph: August 2016

paragraph: His most recent charitable campaign was a mural gifted to Shoreditch, condemning knife crime. https://londonist.com/london/art-and-photography/stop-knife-crime

paragraph: November 2018

paragraph: Sotheby's and leading men's health charity, the Movember Foundation, launched a sale of ten dynamic new works from acclaimed street artists across the globe. Spearheaded by artist D*Face, the initiative included original pieces from Felipe Pantone, Ben Eine, Shepard Fairey, Jonathan Yeo, Invader, Okuda, Alexis Diaz, Conor Harrington, and Vhils. Collectively, “each artist created an agenda-setting piece motivated by, and aimed at nurturing, open conversations surrounding men’s mental health and suicide prevention,”

paragraph: Section::::Other endeavors.

paragraph: In January 2018, Ben Eine launched the debut collection for his clothing company EINE London, at London Fashion Week: Men's.

paragraph: Section::::Eine in popular culture.

paragraph: Eine's lettering is often featured in magazines and promotional material. His work was used prominently by pop group Alphabeat and features in Duffy's music video for "Stepping Stone" and also, briefly, in Snow Patrol's video for "Take Back the City". Eine’s work can also be seen in the streets of the video game Grand Theft Auto (GTA).

paragraph: Section::::Charity Projects.

paragraph: On top of his many projects, Eine has made a point of spending time supporting charitable causes that are important to him. He joined efforts towards raising awareness and support around Mental Health with the Movember Foundation & Sotheby’s Charity Auction , and campaigned for the end knife crime violence with multiple street art pieces including “Peace Is Possible” and “Stop Knife Crime” He has also created works to support human rights, such as his “Brave” piece , and chosen to participate in exhibitions, like MACAM’s Wall of Contemplation , that celebrate the 70th anniversary of the universal declaration of Human Rights. Youth empowerment and development has also been an issue Eine contributed towards by participating in projects such as Youth Unity Day , to inspire positivity and draw young people away from violence.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Solo Shows.

paragraph: 2018: “Everything Starts Somewhere”, Bruton Art Factory, Bruton [UK]

paragraph: 2018: “Everything Starts Somewhere”, Stolen Space Gallery, London [UK]

paragraph: 2017: “Home Sweet Homeless”, Jealous Gallery, London [UK]

paragraph: 2017: “STREET ART”, Heather James Fine Art, Palm Desert [USA]

paragraph: 2015: “Your Not My Type”, StolenSpace Gallery, London [UK]

paragraph: 2014: “HEARTFELT”, Judith Charles Gallery, NYC [USA]

paragraph: 2013: “INNOCENCE”, Corey Helford Gallery, Los Angeles [USA]

paragraph: 2013: “OUCH”, Project One Gallery, San Francisco [USA]

paragraph: 2012: “COLOR OR COLOUR”, Charles Bank Gallery, NYC [USA]

paragraph: 2011: “Love/Hate”, Megumi Ogita Gallery, Tokyo [JP]

paragraph: 2011: “GREATEST”, White Walls, San Francisco [USA]/a

paragraph: 2009: “EINE World Record Attempt Show”, Nelly Duff, London [UK]

paragraph: 2009: “The A-Z of Change”, Carmichael Gallery, Los Angeles [USA]

paragraph: 2008: “When The Lights Go Out” - Andenken Gallery, Denver, [USA] 2007: Vandalism - Kemistry Gallery, London, [UK]2007: Portobello Film Festival - Westbourne Studios, London, [UK]

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Group shows.

paragraph: 2019: “Wall Of Contemplation”, MACAM, Byblos [LB]

paragraph: 2019: “20 Years Smiling With Friends”, Stolen Space Gallery, London [UK]

paragraph: 2019: “Random Acts of Kindness”, Semi Skimmed Gallery, London [UK]

paragraph: 2019: “XYZ”, GoGallery, Amsterdam [NL]

paragraph: 2019: “Lucky 13 Anniversary Show Pt. 1: Fine Art of Street & Graffiti”, Corey Helford Gallery, Los Angeles [USA]

paragraph: 2018: “ALL CAPS”, LCD Gallery, Houston [USA]

paragraph: 2018: “Crossover”, Galerie Kronsbein, Munich [DE]

paragraph: 2018: “For All Mankind”, Attollo Art, London [UK]

paragraph: 2018: “Emerging to Established”, Krause Gallery, NYC [USA]

paragraph: 2018: “Transcript”, Charlie Smith London, London [UK]

paragraph: 2018: “Opening”, Urban Nation Museum, Berlin [DE]

paragraph: 2017: “In Memoriam Francesca Lowe”, Charlie Smith London, London [UK]

paragraph: 2016: “Urban Art Preview”, Galerie Kronsbein, Munich [DE]

paragraph: 2016: “Uplift”, Black Book Gallery, Englewood [USA]

paragraph: 2015: “MUCA COLLECTION”, MUCA, Munich [DE]

paragraph: 2014: “Spectrum”, StolenSpace Gallery, London [UK]

paragraph: 2014: “Amazing Summer”, MUCA, Munich [DE]

paragraph: 2014: “M/5”, Urban Nation Museum, Berlin [DE]

paragraph: 2013: “The Wooster Collective 10th Anniversary Show”, Jonathan LeVine Gallery, Jersey City [USA]

paragraph: 2012: “Winter Group Show”, White Walls Gallery, San Francisco [USA]

paragraph: 2012: “Love & Hate”, Stolen Space Gallery, London [UK]

paragraph: 2012: “Street Art: from the Victoria and Albert Museum, London and Libya”, Dar Al Fagi Hassan Art Gallery, Tripoli [LY]

paragraph: 2011: “Unfair: Part 1”, Whisper Gallery, London [UK]

paragraph: 2011: “MTV: RE:DEFINE”, Goss-Michael Foundation, Dallas [USA]

paragraph: 2011: “Art in the Streets”, Museum of Contemporary Art (MOCA), Los Angeles [USA]

paragraph: 2011: “Gossip Well Told”, Moniker, London [UK]

paragraph: 2011: “Zero-Sixty” Corey Helford Gallery, Los Angeles [USA]

paragraph: 2011: “Street Art - Meanwhile in deepest East Anglia, thunderbirds were go”, Von Der Heydt Museum, Wuppertal [DE]

paragraph: 2011: “The Beer Mat Show”, Cedar Lewisohn, London [UK]

paragraph: 2010: “Faces”, Electric Blue Gallery, London [UK]

paragraph: 2009: “Corked”, Cork Street Gallery, London [UK]

paragraph: 2008: “4 Geezers”, Ad Hoc Art, NYC (The London Police, Flying Fortress, Pez and Eine) [USA]

paragraph: 2008: “Urban Art” Weserburg Museum of Modern Art, Bremen [DE]

paragraph: 2008: “Make Over”, Stella Dore Gallery, London, [UK]

paragraph: 2008: “Cans Festival”, Leake Street, London, [UK]

paragraph: 2008: “Stella Dore” Sebastian Guinness Gallery, Dublin [IE]

paragraph: 2007: “Santa's Ghetto”, West Bank, Bethlehem [IL]

paragraph: 2007: “For Life, Not Just For Christmas” Open Studio Spaces, London [UK]

paragraph: 2007: “Urban Sprawl”, Leonard Street Gallery, London [UK]

paragraph: 2007: “Eleven”, Leonard Street Gallery, London [UK]

paragraph: 2006: “Santa's Ghetto”, Oxford Street, London [UK]

paragraph: 2006: “UK Jack OK”, Colette, Paris [FR]

paragraph: 2005: “Santa's Ghetto”, Oxford Street, London [UK]

paragraph: 2005: “POW Group Show”, Allmänna Galleriet, Stockholm [SE]

paragraph: 2004: “Santa's Ghetto”, Oxford Street, London [UK]

paragraph: 2003: “Banksy vs Eine”, Gallery V1, Copenhagen [DK]

paragraph: 2002: “We Like Printing”, Alife, NYC [USA]

paragraph: 2002: “We Like Printing”, Artomatic, London [UK]

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Art Fairs & Festivals.

paragraph: 2019: Youth Unity Day, London [UK]

paragraph: 2019: Art Car Boot Fair, London [UK]

paragraph: 2019: Nuart, Aberdeen [UK]

paragraph: 2019: SCOPE New York, Corey Helford Gallery, NYC [USA]

paragraph: 2018: Manchester Art Fair, Leon Martyn, Manchester [UK]

paragraph: 2018: Beyond The Streets, Los Angeles [USA]

paragraph: 2018: Mural Festival, Montreal [CN]

paragraph: 2018: CONTEXT Art Miami, Black Book Gallery, Miami [USA]

paragraph: 2018: Moniker Art Fair, Landmark Street Art, London [UK]

paragraph: 2018: Moniker International Art Fair Brooklyn, Spoke Art, NYC [USA]

paragraph: 2017: CONTEXT Art Miami, Black Book Gallery, Miami [USA]

paragraph: 2017: Art Miami, Vroom & Varossieau, Miami [USA]

paragraph: 2017: London Art Fair, Jealous Gallery, London [UK]

paragraph: 2016: CONTEXT Art Miami, Black Book Gallery, Miami [USA]

paragraph: 2016: London Original Print Fair, Jealous Gallery, London [UK]

paragraph: 2014: ARTMUC, MUCA, Munich [DE]

paragraph: 2012: SCOPE New York, Corey Helford Gallery, NYC [USA]

paragraph: 2011: SCOPE Miami, White Walls, Miami [USA]

paragraph: 2011: Outpost, Paste Modernism 3, Sydney [AU]

paragraph: 2007: Portobello Film Festival, Westbourne Studios, London [UK]

paragraph: 2007: Nuart, Stavenger [NO]

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Talks & Juries.

paragraph: 2019: “Contemporary Art by Ben Eine”, Pixel Show, Sao Paulo [BR]

paragraph: 2019: “The Written Word”, The British Library, London [UK]

paragraph: 2019: “Inspiring City” Art Republic , Brighton [UK]

paragraph: 2018: “Saving Banksy”, Talk & Documentary Review at Soho house, Amsterdam [NL]

paragraph: 2018: “From Vandalism to Fine Art” TEDx Talk, University of East Anglia, Norwich [UK]

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Films & Documentaries.

paragraph: 2019: “Rom Boys”, Documentary

paragraph: 2018: “X Art”, Documentary

paragraph: 2017: “Saving Banksy”, Documentary

paragraph: 2012: “Art Battle L.A.” Documentary

paragraph: 2011: “Graffiti Wars”, Documentary

paragraph: 2011: “Outside In: The Story of Art in the Streets”, Documentary

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Radio Appearances & Podcasts.

paragraph: 2019: Killa Kela

paragraph: 2019: Mizog Art

paragraph: 2019: Art Republic

paragraph: 2019: Radio National Australia

paragraph: 2018: Bench Talk 91

paragraph: 2018: BBC Radio

paragraph: 2018: TikiChrisTalks

paragraph: 2015: Berlin Community Radio

paragraph: 2014: Vantage Point Radio

paragraph: 2011: Mike Maxwell

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interview with Eine and his work

paragraph: BULLET::::- A complete alphabet of Eine's shutters

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eine Flickr Group

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Beneine Forum

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sebastian Peiter's documentary about street art featuring Eine's work

paragraph: BULLET::::- Collection of Ben Eine Originals

description: British graffiti artist

wikidata_label: Ben Eine

wikipedia_title: Ben Eine


text:
British Saloon Car Championship
BSCC
Jason Plato
Dymock
Gloucestershire
Broadspeed
Brummie
Ralph Broad
Ford Escort Mexico series
Ford Escorts
Triumph Dolomite Sprints
Ford Capri
Jaguar XJ12C
British Leyland
Gordon Spice
Steve Soper
TWR
Austin Rover
Alfa Romeo GTV6
Willhire 24 Hour
Rover Vitesse
Sierra Cosworth
Sierra XR4Ti
Sierra RS500
1988
1989
1990
Ray Bellm
Chris Hodgetts
Toyota
1991
Will Hoy
Toyota Carina
Ford Mondeo
1993
Paul Radisich
Alfa Romeo
1994
Kelvin Burt
1995
West Surrey Racing
Nissan
1996
Gary Ayles
Owen McAuley
Toyota Corolla
Cadillac
Arden International

categories: British Touring Car Championship Champions,1947 births,24 Hours of Spa drivers,British Touring Car Championship drivers,24 Hours of Le Mans drivers,World Sportscar Championship drivers,World Touring Car Championship drivers,Living people

paragraph: Andy Rouse

paragraph: Andrew "Andy" Rouse (born 2 December 1947) is a British racing driver, most notably in the British Saloon Car Championship. He won the BSCC in 1975, 1983, 1984 and 1985.

paragraph: Andy Rouse is one of the most successful drivers ever to appear in the BSCC. His 60 overall wins in the category was the highest total by any driver for many years, until being overhauled by Jason Plato at Brands Hatch in the opening round of the 2011 season.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: Rouse was born in Dymock, Gloucestershire. Coming from an engineering background, he was originally an apprentice with an agricultural engineering company. He had been interested in motor sport from an early age and had run self-built autocross specials in his teens and then Formula Ford. In 1971 he funded his racing activities by working for Broadspeed, the race car engineering company set-up by Brummie Ralph Broad. Rouse's combined engineering and driving talent soon became apparent to Broad, who then encouraged his motorsport career by providing him with assistance to race in other championships.

paragraph: His first step into saloon car racing came in 1972, when he entered the Ford Escort Mexico series. He won this one-make championship in his first year, and soon stepped up into the British Saloon Car Championship. Over the following years, Rouse was successful in a number of Broadspeed entered cars (including Ford Escorts, Triumph Dolomite Sprints and Ford Capris) winning his class in 1973, 1974 and taking the title in 1975.

paragraph: In 1976, Broadspeed ran the works Jaguar XJ12C cars, for which Rouse was both driver and race development engineer. Great results were expected from these powerful cars but unfortunately British Leyland stopped the program the following season following a string of poor results. With no works deal for 1978, Ralph Broad sold his stake in the company and Broadspeed soon went into liquidation. Rouse drove alongside Gordon Spice in 1979 and 80, getting good results in the works Ford Capri team.

paragraph: Section::::Andy Rouse Engineering.

paragraph: In 1981, Rouse set up his own engineering company, Andy Rouse Engineering, taking many of the ex-Broadspeed employees with him. His success on the track continued with Championship wins in 1983 and 1984. His 1983 win came about after Steve Soper, driving for the works TWR Austin Rover team, had his championship win disqualified. Rouse took over the Alfa Romeo GTV6 entered by Pete Hall's Industrial Control Services (ICS) plc company, won his class and latterly the championship, and also founded the long running sponsorship deal between himself and ICS. He also won the Willhire 24 Hour in 1981 and 1983. After competing in a Rover Vitesse in 1984 and winning the title against the factory Rover team, Ford gave him the 'works' contract to build and drive their next generation touring car, the Sierra Cosworth, which was to dominate the BTCC until the end of the decade. Rouse won the championship again in 1985 driving a Sierra XR4Ti, but this was to be his last overall title. For 1987, Ford homologated the Sierra RS500, and ARE set about transforming it into a BTCC machine. The result was one of the most famous touring cars of all time. Rouse never won the title outright in an RS500, although he won Class A again in 1988 and 1989. He was third overall in 1988, 1989 and 1990.

paragraph: As a prelude to the new 2.0 litre formula for 1991, Rouse built a 2.0 Sierra Sapphire run under the Hawaiian Tropic banner, driven first by Ray Bellm and then Chris Hodgetts. The car was not very successful, but it did give useful experience for the super touring era to come. For 1991, ARE picked up the works contract to run the Toyota team. The car was a success, challenging for the 1991 title. In 1992 Rouse was joined by Will Hoy, again runni g the Toyota Carina, before setting up the works Ford Mondeo team for 1993, hiring Paul Radisich to drive alongside himself. The Mondeo was the class of the field in the second half of the 1993 season, but had to give best in 1994 to Alfa Romeo. He retired from driving at the end of 1994, hiring Kelvin Burt as Paul's teammate for 1995. That year was frustrating, and Ford gave the works contract to West Surrey Racing for the following season. Rouse instead ran a semi-works Nissan team in 1996, running Gary Ayles and Owen McAuley with limited success. Rouse later built a Super Touring specification Toyota Corolla which failed to find a racing team.

paragraph: Since the demise of his touring car teams, Rouse spent several years trying to promote a rival series to the BTCC; his proposed "Supercar V8" was based on a spaceframe chassis, normally aspirated V8 engine, and bodywork modelled on medium to large saloon cars. This series has not yet materialized.

paragraph: Rouse has since wound down Andy Rouse Engineering and retired from motor racing. He now runs a commercial real estate business and restores Cadillac vehicles.

paragraph: His son Julian is a director of the Arden International racing team.

paragraph: In 2005, a poll by readers of Motorsport Magazine voted Rouse the third greatest touring car driver ever.

paragraph: Section::::Racing record.

paragraph: Section::::Racing record.:Complete British Saloon / Touring Car Championship results.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. – Race was stopped due to heavy rain. No points were awarded.

paragraph: † Events with 2 races staged for the different classes.

paragraph: ‡ Endurance driver.

description: British racing driver

wikidata_label: Andy Rouse

wikipedia_title: Andy Rouse


text:
Murad V
Reftarıdil Kadın
Dolmabahçe Palace
Murad V
Reftarıdil Kadın
Abdulmejid I
Şevkefza Kadın
Abdülaziz
Münire Sultan
Ottoman Military College
Imperial Ottoman Army
Abdülaziz
Dolmabahçe Palace
Behiye Sultan
Şehzade Ahmed Nihad
Şehzade Osman Fuad
Nishan-ı-Ali-Imtiaz
Family Tree
Mahmud II

categories: Ottoman Army generals,1861 births,1915 deaths,People from Istanbul

paragraph: Şehzade Mehmed Selaheddin

paragraph: Şehzade Mehmed Selaheddin (; 12 August 1861 – 29 April 1915) was an Ottoman prince, the only son of Sultan Murad V, and his second wife Reftarıdil Kadın.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Şehzade Mehmed Selaheddin was born on 12 August 1861 in the Dolmabahçe Palace. His father was Sultan Murad V, and his mother was Reftarıdil Kadın, the daughter of Hatkoyuko Hatko. He was the eldest child, and only son of her father, and the only child of her mother. He was the grandson of Sultan Abdulmejid I and Şevkefza Kadın.

paragraph: Selaheddin was circumcised in 1870. Other princes who were circumcised along with him included, his uncles, Şehzade Selim Süleyman, Şehzade Mehmed Vahideddin, sons of Sultan Abdulmejid I, Şehzade Yusuf Izzeddin, Şehzade Mahmud Celaleddin, sons of Sultan Abdülaziz, and Sultanzade Alaeddin Bey, son of Münire Sultan, daughter of Abdulmejid.

paragraph: Selaheddin's early education took place in the Prince's School, Dolmabahçe Palace, where his tutor was Süleyman Agha. After graduating from the Prince's School, he was enrolled in the Ottoman Military College, and went on to become Major-General in the Imperial Ottoman Army.

paragraph: After Murad's accession the throne on 30 May 1876, after the deposition of his uncle Sultan Abdülaziz, his family settled in the Dolmabahçe Palace. After reigning for three months, he was deposed on 30 August 1876, due to mental instability and was imprisoned in the Çırağan Palace. Selaheddin and his mother followed him into confinement.

paragraph: Section::::Life in confinement.

paragraph: At the time of her family's confinement, Selaheddin was fifteen years old. His apartments were located on the ground floor of the Çırağan Palace. During this time Selaheddin wrote a diary which give an account of the daily life of the imprisoned members of his father's immediate family and their retinue.

paragraph: Rifat Pasha, who had been appointed to treat the people of Murad's entourage, proposed Selaheddin to teach him a bit about medicine. Selaheddin gladly accepted his proposal. The two of them decided to say that Selaheddin was suffering from some illness. Rifat Pasha then began to come to the palace frequently, first treating whoever might really be sick before shutting himself up in a room with Selaheddin and working with him. Rifat Pasha would dictate the important things to Selaheddin, who wrote them down and then sat and memorized them at night. Selaheddin’s study of medicine in this way proved to be quite useful, for the day came when he even treated his father himself.

paragraph: After Şevkefza Kadın’s death in 1889, Murad focused all his love and attention on his children. Selaheddin became his companion in grief, and

paragraph: the two of them passed long hours together reminiscing about bygone days as well as speculating on the future. For some time father and son took an interest in the "Mesnevi", spending hours reciting verses from that work and taking great pleasure in doing so.

paragraph: Section::::Marriages.

paragraph: Selaheddin's first wife was Dilaviz Hanım. She was born in 1862 in Batumi, Georgia. She had been presented in the imperial harem by Mahmud Celaleddin Pasha. They married on 13 March 1877. She was the mother of Ayşe Beyhan Sultan. She died of tuberculosis in the Malta Köşkü, Yıldız Palace, and was buried in Yahya Efendi Cemetery.

paragraph: His second wife was Tevhide Zatıgül Hanım. She was the daughter of Ibrahim Bey. She was born on 25 January 1864 in Batumi, Georgia. They married on 3 December 1878. She was the mother of Celile Sultan, Rukiye Sultan, Adile Sultan, Emine Atiye Sultan. She died on 8 April 1896, and was buried in Yahya Efendi Cemetery.

paragraph: His third wife was Zeliha Vasfıcihan Hanım. They married in 1879. She was the mother of Şehzade Livaeddin. The two divorced in 1882. His fourth wife was Naziknaz Hanım. She was born in 1862 in Kars, Caucasus. They married on 7 July 1879. She was the mother of Behiye Sultan and Şehzade Ahmed Nihad. She died on 17 February 1928 in Nice, France.

paragraph: His fifth wife was Gülter Hanım. She was the daughter of Halil Bey Tarkanişvili. She was born on 18 April 1867 in Tiflis, Georgia. They married on 10 December 1886. She was the mother of Safiye Sultan. She died on 17 February 1895, and was buried in Yahya Efendi Cemetery.

paragraph: His sixth wife was Jalefer Hanım. She was born on 19 August 1872 in Kars, Caucasus. They married on 15 April 1891. She was the mother of Şehzade Osman Fuad. She died on 7 April 1937 in Ortaköy, Istanbul. His seventh wife was Cemile Dilberistan Hanım. She was born in 1880. They married in 1895. She died in 1955 in Istanbul.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Şehzade Mehmed Selaheddin died on 29 April 1915 in the Feneryolu Palace, Üsküdar at aged of fifty three, having outlived his father by a mere eleven years and leaving two sons and four daughters. He was buried in the mausoleum of Şehzade Ahmed Kemaleddin, Yahya Efendi Cemetery, Istanbul.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Collar of the Hanedan-ı-Ali-Osman

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nishan-ı-Ali-Imtiaz

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Family Tree, descendants of Sultan Mahmud II. Retrieved 2011-02-28.

description: only son of Sultan Mehmed Murad V

wikidata_label: Mehmed Selaheddin

wikipedia_title: Şehzade Mehmed Selaheddin


text:
Mehmed V
Mihrengiz Kadın
Nişan-ı-Ali-Imtiyaz
Austrian Imperial Order of Leopold
Dolmabahçe Palace
First World War
Nişantaşı
Turkish Republic
Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Caliphate
Mehmed V
Budapest
Mehmed VI
Ali Vâsib
Gence
Aegean Region
Spanish influenza
Eyüp
Yıldız Palace
Bey
Mehmed V
Imperial Order of Appreciation
Mahmud Namık
Ömer Abdülmecid Osmanoğlu
Mahmud Namık Osmanoğlu
Parsons The New School for Design
Ali Vâsib
Ahmed Nihad
Osman Selaheddin Osmanoğlu
Orhan Murad Osmanoğlu
Selim Süleyman Osmanoğlu
Ayşe Gülnev Osmanoğlu
Mehmed V
Family Tree
Mahmud II
Heirs of Europe, Turkey

categories: 1935 deaths,1886 births,Ottoman Army officers,People from Istanbul,Ottoman dynasty

paragraph: Şehzade Ömer Hilmi

paragraph: Şehzade Ömer Hilmi (2 March 1886 – 6 April or 2 November 1935) was the third son of Mehmed V, by his third wife Mihrengiz Kadın. He was educated privately. He received the Collar of the Hanedan-i-Ali-Osman and the Nişan-ı-Ali-Imtiyaz, Grand-Cross of the Austrian Imperial Order of Leopold (1917).

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Ömer Hilmi lived most of his life in Istanbul in the restrictive surroundings of Dolmabahçe Palace. He was born in the apartments reserved for the Veliahd, the Crown Prince, and then moved into the main palace once his father had become the Ottoman Sultan on 27 April 1909. Together with his brother, he tried to support his father during the difficult years of the First World War. On the death of his father on 4 July 1918, just before the end of the war, he and his family left Dolmabahçe Palace and moved to a Konak at Nişantaşı during the winter months and to one in Bağlarbaşı, above Beylerbeyi, for the summer.

paragraph: Section::::Exile.

paragraph: Following the establishment of the Turkish Republic and the abolition of the Ottoman Empire and the Ottoman Caliphate, the entire Ottoman Imperial family were forced into exile in March 1924. Aged 38, Ömer Hilmi, left Turkey never to return, since he died before the decree of exile was lifted. He went into exile with his mother, Mihrengiz Kadın, who had been the wife of Sultan Mehmed V, and with his two young children, Mahmud Namık and Emine Mükbile. Like all other members of the Imperial family, they left Istanbul from Sirkeci Train Station and first went to Budapest. They lived here for a few months, then moved to Vienna, then Paris, before settling in Nice, France. As the former Ottoman Sultan, Sultan Mehmed VI, had settled in San Remo, many members of the family had congregated in the South of France. After living in Switzerland for a short time, his cousin, the last Caliph of Islam Prince Abdulmecid, also moved to Nice. Ömer Hilmi spent the next 11 years of his life in Nice, struggling to adapt to life in exile, before moving to Alexandria, Egypt in January 1935 with his family. Life in exile was always very difficult since members of the Imperial Ottoman family had no financial means, and all yearned to return to their homeland.

paragraph: Section::::Illness and Death.

paragraph: His daughter, Emine Mükbile, who had married her distant cousin Ali Vâsib in 1931, cared for him, her grandmother and brother during all this time. Ömer Hilmi suffered from a stroke and died soon after settling in Alexandria. He died aged 49 at Alexandria, on 6 April 1935, and was buried in Khedive Tawfik Mausoleum, Cairo, Egypt.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nesimter Hanım, married at Istanbul, Yıldız Palace, and divorced at Istanbul, Dolmabahçe Palace, in January 1915, without issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gülnev Hanım (Gence or Aegean Region, 21 February 1890 – Nişantaşı-Pera, 31 December 1919, from Spanish influenza, following an epidemic of the disease, buried in Sultan Reşad Mausoleum, Eyüp), married at Istanbul, Yıldız Palace on 3 October 1910, alias Firdevs, née Hatice, daughter of Fırat Bey by his wife Ayşe Hanım, recognized by her father-in-law, Sultan Mehmed V, for her dedication to charitable causes and was awarded the Imperial Order of Appreciation, 1st Class. She had issue, one son and one daughter:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Şehzade Mahmud Namık (Dolmabahçe Palace, 23 December 1913 – Cairo, Egypt, 13 November 1963, buried in Khedive Tawfik Mausoleum, Cairo, transferred to Sultan Mahmud II Mausoleum Istanbul in 1987), Received the Collar of the Hanedan-ı-Ali-Osman, Businessman, married in August 1939 (div. at Alexandria, 1947) Şaharazade Hanım (Alexandria, 1922 – 1993), only daughter of Ismail Ratib Bey, by his wife Princess Emine Bihruz Hanım, younger daughter of Prince Ibrahim Raşid Fazıl Pasha, of Egypt. He had issue, an only son:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Şehzade Ömer Abdülmecid Osmanoğlu (Alexandria, 4 June 1941), educated at the Stowe school, Buckinghamshire, England, and a degree in business administration from London University, married Beulah Hanım (8 April 1943), née Banbury. He has issue, an only son:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Şehzade Mahmud Namık Osmanoğlu (London, 27 April 1975) educated MFA in Design and Technology from Parsons The New School for Design, New York City, USA. He is a co-founder and director of an online health channel, he lives in England, married Inci Hanım, née Genevieve Robson: He has issue, two sons

paragraph: BULLET::::- Şehzade Ziyaeddin Reşad (London, 6 June 2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Şehzade Cem Ömer (London, 5 August 2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Emine Mükbile Sultan (Dolmabahçe Palace, 17 September 1911 – Istanbul, 21 May 1995, buried in Sultan Reşad Mausoleum, Eyüb), Received the Collar of the Hanedan-ı-Ali-Osman and the Nişan-ı-Şefkat 1st class, married at Nice, France, on 24 April 1931, Şehzade Ali Vâsib, 41st Head of the Imperial House of Osman (Çırağan Palace, 13 October 1903 – Alexandria, 9 December 1983), only son of Şehzade Ahmed Nihad, 38th Head of the Imperial House of Osman, by his first wife, Safru Hanım. She had issue, an only son:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Şehzade Osman Selaheddin Osmanoğlu (Alexandria, Egypt 7 July 1940), educated at the Victoria College, Alexandria, then London to become a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants, married in London, on 27 August 1966 (div.), Athena Joy Hanım (born London, 9 March 1944), née, Christoforides. He has issue, three sons and one daughter:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Şehzade Orhan Murad Osmanoğlu (Henley-on-Thames, England, 26 December 1972, educated Degree in Busıness Studies at Kingston University, London, has had a career in the IT industry and now works for a Property Holding Company, married on 17 February 2000, Emine Hanım née, Patricia Iotti. He has issue, two sons:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Şehzade Turan Cem (born High Wycombe, England, 7 January 2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Şehzade Tamer Nihad (born High Wycombe, England, 15 April 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Şehzade Nihad Rashid (Marlowe, 17 September 1978 - Woking, Surrey, 19 December 1978)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Şehzade Selim Süleyman Osmanoğlu (High Wycombe, England, 15 December 1979) educ. Degree in Business Studies at Kingston Univ., London and Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Insurance, a Chartered Insurance Broker and a Member of the Institute of Risk Management, married at İstanbul, on 22 June 2003, to Alev Hanım, née, Öcal. educated at the Boğaziçi University, İstanbul. He has issue, one son and one daughter:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Şehzade Batu Bayezid Efendi (born Sidcup, England, 23 April 2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Esma Emira Sultan (born 19 June 2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ayşe Gülnev Osmanoğlu Sultan (born Henley-on-Thames, England, 17 January 1971), educucated in History and Politics at Exeter University and a master's degree in Ottoman history at S.O.A.S. London, married on 27 August 1994, to Damad Nicholas Nelson Sutton (born 18 August 1969), educated at the Exeter University and Chartered Accountant, Dir. Property Holding Company. She has issue, four sons and one daughter:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "(Sultanzade) Maximilian Ali Sutton (London, 15 January 2000)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "(Sultanzade) Cosmo Tarik Sutton (London, 10 September 2001)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "(Sultanzade) Lysander Cengiz Sutton (London, 12 April 2003)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tatyana Aliye (Hanımsultan) Sutton (Sussex, England, 25 March 2005)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "(Sultanzade) Ferdinand Ziya Sutton (Sussex, England, 26 July 2006)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Faika Hanım, married at Istanbul, Üsküdar, Çamlıca Palace, without issue. The couple later divorced. In 1934 she took the surname 'Hunca'.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bahtıter Hanım (Izmir, 12 October 1897 – 1984), married at Istanbul, Üsküdar, Çamlıca Palace, 16 June 1914, without issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mediha Hanım (Alexandria, 4 November 1903 – Cairo, Egypt, 1971), married at Istanbul, Nişantaşı Palace, on 12 July 1921, without issue.

paragraph: Section::::Family Tree.

paragraph: Showing the line of descent from the founder of the Ottoman dynasty to present day through Sultan Mehmed V Reşad's youngest son Prince Ömer Hilmi Efendi

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Heirs of Europe, Turkey. Retrieved 2019-06-09.

description: Ottoman sultan

wikidata_label: Ömer Hilmi

wikipedia_title: Şehzade Ömer Hilmi


text:
Mundubbera, Queensland
Waanyi
University of Tasmania
Monash University
Venice Biennale
Yvonne Koolmatrie
Emily Kame Kngwarreye
Jean Nouvel
State Library of Queensland
Tate Modern
Australian Girls Own Gallery
Judy Watson's webpage
Collection of Judy Watson's works

categories: Australian women artists,Artists from Queensland,1959 births,Monash University alumni,Australian Aboriginal artists,Living people

paragraph: Judy Watson

paragraph: Judy Watson is a multi-media artist who works in print-making, painting, video and installation.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Judy Watson was born in Mundubbera, Queensland in 1959. She is a Brisbane-based, Waanyi artist. She was educated at the Darling Downs Institute of Advanced Education Toowoomba, where she received a Diploma of Creative Arts in 1979; the University of Tasmania where she received a bachelor's degree (1980–82); and Monash University where she completed a graduate diploma in 1986. At Tasmania she learned many techniques, among them lithography which has influenced her entire body of work.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Watson trained as a print-maker and her work in painting, video and installation often relies upon the use of layers to create a sense of different realities co-existing. As an Indigenous artist, the depiction of the land has an ongoing significance in her practice.

paragraph: She won the Moët & Chandon Fellowship in 1995, allowing her to travel to France and later exhibit there. She represented Australia at the Venice Biennale in 1997, along with Yvonne Koolmatrie and Emily Kame Kngwarreye.

paragraph: In 2005, for French architect Jean Nouvel's Musée du quai Branly she constructed a site-specific work for the building along with a number of other key Aboriginal artists. A film was made about the project, titled "The French Connection".

paragraph: Her work is often highly political, however it is rarely didactic. She describes her attitude to political art as follows:

paragraph: "Art as a vehicle for invention and social change can be many things, it can be soft, hard, in-your-face confrontational, or subtle and discreet. I try and choose the latter approach for much of my work, a seductive beautiful exterior with a strong message like a deadly poison dart that insinuates itself into the consciousness of the viewer without them being aware of the package until it implodes and leaks its contents."

paragraph: She has been commissioned by the City of Sydney to create a major public work of art for their Eora Journey arts program. The sculpture, titled "bara" and expected to be in place by 2020, will be located at the Royal Botanic Gardens in Sydney. The installation consists of a representation of "bara", or fish hooks made for thousands of years by women from the local Eora nation.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Themes.

paragraph: In the book on Watson's work, "blood language" (2009) her practice is divided into a number of themes: water, skin, poison, dust and blood, ochre, bones, driftnet. The list indicates the range of natural and cultural forms that underpin her practice.

paragraph: Watson's recent work can be understood as part of the archival turn in contemporary art. She examines Indigenous Australian histories. For example, "a preponderance of aboriginal blood" (2005) was commissioned by the State Library of Queensland to celebrate the Queensland centenary of women’s suffrage and forty years of Aboriginal suffrage. The work uses documents from the Queensland State Archives about the way Aboriginal people were precluded from voting. Before suffrage was granted in 1965, eligibility to vote was based on the percentage of Aboriginal blood, hence Watson’s title her series. The series was recently acquired by Tate Modern in London.

paragraph: Other series that examine history and the archive include "the holes in the land" (2015). This series of six engravings is about the loss of Aboriginal cultural patrimony. In four of the six images Aboriginal cultural objects held in the British Museum are depicted. The title underscores the damage done to the land—the shadow, depression or blot on the landscape—removal has caused.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: Solo exhibitions

paragraph: 2016 the names of places, Green Screen, Institute of Modern Art, Brisbane

paragraph: 2015 the holes in the land; heron island suite, experimental beds, Toowoomba Regional Gallery

paragraph: 2014 sacred ground beating heart / experimental beds / heron island suite, Noosa Regional Gallery

paragraph: 2013 experimental beds, Brenda May Gallery, Sydney

paragraph: 2012 shell, Milani Gallery, Brisbane.

paragraph: experimental beds, University of Virginia, USA and grahame galleries + editions, Brisbane.

paragraph: 2011 - 12 waterline, Tolarno Galleries, Melbourne and Embassy of Australia, Washington DC, USA.

paragraph: 2011 heron island suite, Touring Regional Galleries in Western Australia, New South Wales and Queensland.

paragraph: 2010 heron island suite, grahame galleries + editions, Brisbane.

paragraph: 2009 - 12 heron island, University of Virginia, USA; grahame galleries + editions, Brisbane; and touring across Western Australia, New South Wales, and Queensland.

paragraph: 2009 bad and doubtful debts, Milani Gallery, Brisbane.

paragraph: 2009 heron island, University of Queensland Art Museum; University of Queensland, Brisbane.

paragraph: 1993 Dropping into Water Slowly, Australian Girls Own Gallery, Canberra

paragraph: 1991 Inspiration – Expiration, Australian Girls Own Gallery, Canberra

paragraph: Section::::Work.:Major group exhibitions.

paragraph: First Asia-Pacific Triennale of Contemporary Art, Queensland Art Gallery, 1993

paragraph: Antipodean Currents: Ten Contemporary Artists from Australia, Guggenheim Museum, New York, 1995

paragraph: A Gift to the World: The Australian Indigenous Art Commission at the Musée du quai Branly, Australian Indigenous Art Commission, 2005

paragraph: Cultural Warriors, Indigenous Art Triennale, National Gallery of Australia, 2007

paragraph: Section::::Work.:Public collections.

paragraph: Art Gallery of New South Wales

paragraph: National Gallery of Australia

paragraph: Queensland Art Gallery

paragraph: Museum of Contemporary Art, Sydney

paragraph: Tate Modern, London

paragraph: National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne

paragraph: Tasmanian Museum and Art Gallery, Hobart

paragraph: Section::::Work.:Awards and nominations.

paragraph: Moet and Chandon Fellowship 1995

paragraph: National Gallery of Victoria’s Clemenger Art Award 2006

paragraph: Works on Paper Award at the 23rd National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Award 2006

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Judy Watson's webpage

paragraph: BULLET::::- Collection of Judy Watson's works

description: sculptor

wikidata_label: Judy Watson

wikipedia_title: Judy Watson


text:
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Saigō-no-Tsubone
Matsudaira Ietada (Fukozu)

paragraph: Matsudaira Tadayoshi

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Father: Tokugawa Ieyasu

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mother: Saigō-no-Tsubone

paragraph: BULLET::::- Adopted Father: Matsudaira Ietada (Fukozu)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wife: Ii Masako

paragraph: BULLET::::- Child: Umesada dai doji

description: [松平忠吉] son of Tokugawa Ieyasu

wikidata_label: Matsudaira Tadayoshi

wikipedia_title: Matsudaira Tadayoshi