text:
House of Wittelsbach
Queen consort of Germany
Conrad IV of Germany
Trausnitz Castle
Landshut
Otto II Wittelsbach
Agnes of the Palatinate
Welf
Henry V
Agnes of Hohenstaufen
Louis I
Bavarian
Hohenstaufen
Frederick II
Roman Curia
Frederick II of Austria
Conrad IV
Vohburg
Albert von Behaim
King of Jerusalem
Yolande of Brienne
Duke of Swabia
King of the Romans
German
Pope Innocent IV
King of Sicily
Conradin
malaria
Lavello
Basilicata
interregnum
Henry XIII
Louis II
Maria of Brabant
Bishop of Constance
Pope Alexander VI
Manfred
regent
Kingdom of Sicily
Richard of Cornwall
Munich
Meinhard II of Gorizia–Tyrol
Meinhardiner dynasty
Duke of Carinthia
Philip of Salzburg
Tyrolean
Alps
Italy
Charles of Anjou
Battle of Benevento
Hohenschwangau Castle
Verona
Santa Maria del Carmine
Naples
Cistercian
Stams
Conradin
Elisabeth of Gorizia-Tyrol
Albert I, Duke of Austria
Otto III of Carinthia
Elisabeth of Carinthia
Peter II of Sicily
Henry I
Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen
Emperor Frederick II

categories: Hohenstaufen,13th-century German people,House of Wittelsbach,Duchesses of Swabia,1273 deaths,Queens consort of Jerusalem,13th-century Italian people,13th-century Italian women,1227 births,People from Landshut,German queens consort,Royal consorts of Sicily

paragraph: Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Germany

paragraph: Elisabeth of Bavaria ( – 9 October 1273), a member of the House of Wittelsbach, was Queen consort of Germany from 1246 to 1254 by her marriage to King Conrad IV of Germany.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: She was born at Trausnitz Castle in Landshut, the eldest daughter of Otto II Wittelsbach and his wife Agnes of the Palatinate, herself a daughter of the Welf count palatine Henry V and Agnes of Hohenstaufen.

paragraph: Otto II succeeded his father Louis I as Bavarian duke and as Count palatine in 1231. In the conflict between the Hohenstaufen emperor Frederick II and the Roman Curia, he initially sided with the pope, but became a supporter of Frederick in 1241. Otto II had initially betrothed Elisabeth to Duke Frederick II of Austria, however, the new political alliance would lead to the marriage of the elder daughter of the Wittelsbach and the elder son of the Hohenstaufen, Conrad IV. The wedding ceremony took place on 1 September 1246, probably at Vohburg in Bavaria, against fierce protests by the papal legate Albert von Behaim.

paragraph: Conrad IV had inherited the title of a King of Jerusalem from his mother Yolande of Brienne. Appointed Duke of Swabia in 1235, he was elected King of the Romans in 1237 to represent his father in his German dominions. Upon Frederick's death on 13 December 1250, still involved in a war against Pope Innocent IV and his allies, he also succeeded him as King of Sicily. He would continue the war and left for Sicily in 1251, leaving his wife behind, who gave birth to their only child Conradin in March next year. On 21 May 1254 Conrad IV died of malaria at his army camp in Lavello, Basilicata, without ever having seen his son.

paragraph: During the "interregnum" after the death of Emperor Frederick II, Elisabeth tried to secure the rights of her minor son Conradin, backed by her brothers, the Bavarian dukes Henry XIII and Louis II. In 1256 Elisabeth had to witness the execution of Louis' wife Maria of Brabant, whereafter she gave Conradin to the Bishop of Constance for care and education. Beset by intriguing Pope Alexander VI, she agreed to appoint Conradin's uncle Manfred, an illegitimate son of Frederick, regent in the Kingdom of Sicily on her son's behalf. However, she could not prevent the election of Richard of Cornwall as King of the Romans in 1256/57.

paragraph: Elisabeth remained a widow for five years. On 6 October 1259 in Munich, she married her second husband Count Meinhard II of Gorizia–Tyrol, a member of the Meinhardiner dynasty, who became Duke of Carinthia in 1286. Her second husband, just released from custody by Archbishop Philip of Salzburg, was of inferior status and about ten years younger than her, nevertheless his Tyrolean domains comprised the strategically important mountain passes across the Alps to Italy. The couple had six surviving children.

paragraph: Elisabeth's relationship to her firstborn son Conradin remained a reserved one. When Charles of Anjou defeated Manfred of Sicily in the 1266 Battle of Benevento, her brother Louis and her husband Meinhard encouraged Conradin's decision to go on campaign. In August 1267, mother and son met for a last time at Hohenschwangau Castle before Conradin left for Italy, together with his uncle and his stepfather, who however deserted him in Verona. After Elisabeth heard of his defeat and execution in 1268, she had the Santa Maria del Carmine Church erected in Naples in his memory. In 1272 she founded the Cistercian abbey of Stams in Tyrol, together with her husband Meinhard, where she is also buried.

paragraph: Section::::Marriages and children.

paragraph: Elisabeth and Conrad would only have one son:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Conradin (25 March 1252 – 29 October 1268).

paragraph: Elisabeth and her second husband Meinhard had six children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elisabeth of Gorizia-Tyrol (1262–1312), wife of Albert I, Duke of Austria (1248–1308), became queen consort of the Romans in 1298.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Otto III of Carinthia (d. 1310), father of Elisabeth of Carinthia, queen-consort of Sicily as wife of Peter II of Sicily.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Albert II, died 1292.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Louis, died 1305.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry I (c. 1270–1335), king of Bohemia 1306 and 1307–10, Duke of Carinthia 1310–35, Count of Tyrol

paragraph: BULLET::::- Agnes of Carinthia (died 1293), wife of Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen (1257–1323), grandson of Emperor Frederick II, her only son Frederick of Meissen predeceased his father.

description: Queen consort of Conrad IV of Germany

wikidata_label: Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Germany

wikipedia_title: Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Germany


text: Mecklenburg

text: Gadebusch

text: Gustav I of Sweden

text: Margaret

text: Brigitta Lars Anderssons

text: Christina Gyllenstierna

text: Martha Leijonhufvud

text: Catherine Stenbock

text: Anna Hogenskild

text: Latin

text: Sofia Vasa

text: Karin Månsdotter

text: Eric XIV of Sweden

text: Northern Seven Years' War

text: dethronement

text: King Eric XIV

text: Magnus II of Saxe-Lauenburg

text: Princess Sophia

text: Queen Dowager Catherine

text: Charles de Mornay

text: Christina of Denmark

text: Charles Dancay

text: Hogenskild Bielke

text: Gustaf Banér

text: Pontus De la Gardie

text: Princess Cecilia of Sweden

text: Christopher

text: Albert VII, Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow

text: Grand Duke of Tuscany

text: John III

text: Catherine de' Medici

text: Henry III of France

text: Charles Dancay

text: spinet

text: lute

text: Claude Pinart

text: Louise of Lorraine-Vaudémont

text: Bona Sforza

text: riksråd

text: Augsburg Confession

text: David Chytraeus

text: Christina of Holstein-Gottorp

text: Norrköping

text: Cathedral of Schwerin

text: Uppsala Cathedral

text: John Albert II, Duke of Mecklenburg

categories: 1549 births,1597 deaths,Swedish princesses

paragraph: Princess Elizabeth of Sweden

paragraph: Princess Elizabeth of Sweden (also known as "Elisabet Gustavsdotter Vasa"; 5 April 1549 – 20 November 1597), was a Swedish princess, and a duchess consort of Mecklenburg-Gadebusch by marriage to Christopher, Duke of Mecklenburg-Gadebusch. She was a daughter of King Gustav I of Sweden and his second spouse, Queen Margaret.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life.

paragraph: During her early childhood, she, as well as her siblings in the royal nursery, were primarily under the care of her mother the queen's trusted nurse, Brigitta Lars Anderssons, her mothers cousin lady Margareta and the noble widow Ingrid Amundsdotter.

paragraph: After the death of her mother in 1551, she as well as her siblings were placed in the care of Christina Gyllenstierna and then under her aunts Brita and Martha Leijonhufvud before her father's remarriage to Catherine Stenbock. They were then under the responsibility of their stepmother and, more precisely, the head-lady-in-waiting Anna Hogenskild.

paragraph: In 1556, she and her sisters were given a dowry of 100,000 daler, had their portraits painted and their personal qualities described in Latin by the court poet Henricus Mollerus, and presented on the Dynastic marriage market. In contrast to her older sister Sofia Vasa, who was described as the most unhappy of the children of Gustav Vasa, Princess Elizabeth has been described as the happiest: she seemed to have a cheerful and placid personality. She was described as blond and pretty. A portrait originally believed to be of queen Karin Månsdotter now is believed to be of her.

paragraph: Elizabeth had her own court and was responsible for the upbringing of her brothers' illegitimate children. Karin Månsdotter was among her maids before Karin became the mistress and later queen of Elizabeth's brother, King Eric XIV of Sweden. During the Northern Seven Years' War, she apparently showed generosity to Danish and German officers kept prisoners in Sweden.

paragraph: At the dethronement of King Eric XIV in 1568, Duke Magnus II of Saxe-Lauenburg, consort of her sister Princess Sophia, took her, Sophia and Queen Dowager Catherine by boat from the royal palace of Stockholm, to abandon Eric by joining the rebels, headed by Prince John in Uppsala.

paragraph: John stated in the official propaganda, that Eric had planned to present Catherine, Sophia and Elizabeth as hostages to Russia after he had failed to so with John's consort.

paragraph: Both before and after her marriage, Elizabeth acted as a stabilizing factor and a mediator during conflicts between her siblings. She kept in lifelong contact with them all through correspondence, and this could also be political. This is especially true regarding her brother Charles, with whom she was particularly close her entire life.

paragraph: During the reign of John III, the other siblings used her as an informer, as she lived in the close vicinity with John.

paragraph: In the autumn of 1573, a plot was prepared to assassinate John III. The plot was led by Charles de Mornay, who was in contact with Christina of Denmark and the French ambassador in Copenhagen Charles Dancay. John III was to be killed during a swords dance performed by Scottish mercenaries at the party which was to be given in October that year before the Scottish mercenaries departure to the Baltic. After the assassination, Duke Charles was to be placed upon the throne. Charles de Mornay, who had previously been the favorite of Eric XIV, promised that he knew the location of Eric's alleged hidden gold reserve, which he would reveal after the coup in exchange for better conditions for Eric in prison. However, the plot did not materialize because at the party, de Mornay never dared to give the sign to the mercenaries to take action.

paragraph: In September 1574, the plot was revealed and Charles de Mornay was arrested, interrogated and executed. It was never made clear who participated in the plot. However, it is noted, that the suspected conspirators Hogenskild Bielke, Gustaf Banér and Pontus De la Gardie, often gathered at meetings in the apartment of Princess Elizabeth, meetings where Princess Cecilia of Sweden had also frequently been seen, and the two sisters and their brother Charles were somewhat compromised though they were never accused.

paragraph: Charles de Mornay also revealed, that one of the things which were agreed upon by the conspirators was to raise the dowry of Elizabeth from 100,000 to 150,000, so to make it possible for her to make a marriage of higher status. It is noted, that the marriage between Elizabeth and Henry III of France, which was officially suggested in 1574, could have been informally suggested through Charles already the year before, and that the French ambassador had expressed himself impressed by everything regarding Elizabeth with the exception of her dowry.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Marriage policy.

paragraph: Princess Elizabeth was betrothed in 1562 to Christopher, the third son of Albert VII, Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow. Soon after, however, he was captured and held hostage for several years, and the engagement was considered broken. During the reign of the pro-Catholic John III, they were conflict as to whether she should be married to a Protestant or a catholic. In 1573, John III negotiated for a marriage with Grand Duke of Tuscany, while she herself, assisted by Charles and her sister Catherine, negotiated in secret for a marriage among the Protestant German princes, such as the dukes of Pomerania and Cleves.

paragraph: In 1574, arrangements were made between her brother John III and the French queen dowager Catherine de' Medici to marry her to Henry III of France. Catherine de' Medici regarded Elizabeth as suitable, because she wished for her son to marry a royal princess; because the match was seen as beneficial to maintaining French influence in Poland, and also because it would gain France an ally outside of the Habsburg lands which surrounded France. According to contemporary reports, Catherine also regarded it as benefit that Elizabeth could not speak French, as this would make it harder for her to replace Catherine in her role as the dominant queen at the French court. The French ambassador in Denmark, Charles Dancay, was given the task of providing a portrait of Elizabeth, and gave the following report of her character:

paragraph: "I have been assured that she is very beautiful, has good sense, that she is pleasing, has a good figure and posture ... everyone recommends her great humility, in truth Sire, everyone that knows her admires and honors her virtues ... She finds her pleasure at the spinet and plays it better than most, she also plays the lute, and she is also of a mild and soothing temperament."

paragraph: Elizabeth were described by the French ambassador Dancay as beautiful, with an attractive figure and good posture, was praised for her modesty and complimented for her virtues, could play both the lute and the virginals, and: "by all regarded as one of the most accomplished and most virtuous princesses in Europe, and that no one had heard of any fault, physical nor in the mind".

paragraph: In January 1575, the French envoy Claude Pinart visited Sweden: Elizabeth, being with her brother Charles in Nyköping, refused to join John III in Stockholm to see Pinart, but Pinart saw her in Nyköping. The French marriage was almost decided, when the French king suddenly and unexpectedly announced, that he himself had long ago decided to marry Louise of Lorraine-Vaudémont.

paragraph: In 1576, John III send count Pontus De la Gardie to Italy to negotiate a marriage between Elizabeth and the Duke of Modena or some other Italian Prince. The purpose was to benefit the contact between Pro-Catholic John III of Sweden and the Pope, and to make it easier for him to attain the Italian inheritance from his mother-in-law, Bona Sforza. However, Elizabeth, supported by Charles, now refused a match with a Catholic for religious reasons. The religious conflict between her and John III was illustrated when, in March 1578, he sent three riksråd to her to lecture her: though it is not known what they said, she is reported to have cried and fainted repeatedly after their visit.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Duchess of Mecklenburg-Gadebusch.

paragraph: In 1576, her former betrothed, the now recently widowed Christopher of Mecklenburg proposed a second time, and was accepted. Elizabeth herself participated in the negotiations personally to ensure her economical rights, assisted by her siblings Charles and Catherine, while King John accepted the marriage mainly because he saw it suitable that she marry because of her age. The marriage was delayed because of religious reasons: the staunch Protestants Elizabeth and Charles was careful to defend that the wedding ceremony and everything regarding it should be Lutheran against the Pro-Catholic John III.

paragraph: Elizabeth had the Augsburg Confession translated for the first time to Swedish and printed to the guests at the wedding, likely as a way of demonstrating against the Pro-Catholic policy of John. Elizabeth and Christopher were married in Stockholm 7 May 1581. She arrived in Wismar in Mecklenburg in July, where she was welcomed by the nobility and representatives of the Hansa from Rostock and Lübeck. However, Elizabeth was not accepted by the pro-Danish family of her consort.

paragraph: The couple lived in the city of Gadebusch in the part of the duchy of Mecklenburg which had been divided into a duchy for her consort, Mecklenburg-Gadebush. The relationship between Elizabeth and Christopher has been described as happy. Their long wait for each other has been considered a sign that this was not merely an arranged marriage, but also a love match: the preserved letters has also been regarded as an sign that their union was happier and more personal than most royal marriages of the time.

paragraph: Christopher challenged his brother Ulrich about the guardianship and regency over his nephew John, and Elizabeth tried to use her contacts to assist him until the conflict ceased in 1585: her brother John III was however never very interested in helping her. She actively worked for Swedish interests in Mecklenburg and had ha lot of Swedes at her court.

paragraph: Elizabeth was described as an ideal Lutheran princess consort. She benefited Lutheranism, founded a Protestant library and corresponded with the Lutheran theologian David Chytraeus in Rostock. In 1589-90, she arranged the marriage between her brother Charles and Christina of Holstein-Gottorp. Through correspondence, Elizabeth continued to act as an informer and a mediator between her siblings during conflicts.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Later life.

paragraph: In March 1592, Elizabeth Vasa became a widow. The lands of her consort was then incorporated into those of her former in-laws, which were Pro-Danish and refused her access to her dower lands and income.

paragraph: In 1593, she returned to Sweden with her daughter, which she placed under the guardianship of her brother Charles. She also demanded to be given her dowry, which had never been paid, and wished to discuss a proposal of marriage from John Frederick of Brunswick-Lüneburg with Charles. In 1594, Charles secured her Norrköping for her residence and income, where she resided with her court. Elizabeth were given secret document to keep from the royal council by Charles, and during the conflict between Charles and Sigismund, the loyalists of Sigismund kept watch of who she visited and consorted with because of her closeness to Charles, and speculated about her political sympathies. She was present at the assembly in Stockholm in the summer of 1597, were Charles was granted more authority.

paragraph: Elizabeth died suddenly and unexpectedly 10 November 1597. Elizabeth had a grave monument constructed for herself and her spouse in the Cathedral of Schwerin, but in the end she was buried in her father's family grave in Uppsala Cathedral.

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Margaret Elizabeth of Mecklenburg-Gadebusch, Duchess of Mecklenburg, married her kinsman John Albert II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow in 1608 and had issue.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Leif Jonsson, Ann-Marie Nilsson och Greger Andersson (Swedish): Musiken i Sverige. Från forntiden till stormaktstidens slut 1720 (Music in Sweden. From Ancient times to the end of Empire)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Karin Tegenborg Falkdalen (2010). "Vasadöttrarna" (The Vasa Daughters). Falun: Historiska Media. (In Swedish)

description: Swedish princess

wikidata_label: Princess Elizabeth of Sweden

wikipedia_title: Princess Elizabeth of Sweden


text:
Valladolid
Spanish
GP2 Series
Formula Three
Formula 3000
Spanish Formula Three Championship
Ricardo Risatti
Nissan World Series
Minardi
Euroseries 3000
Giancarlo Minardi
Hitech/Piquet Sports
2007 GP2 Series season
Alexandre Negrão
Michael Herck
Fisichella Motor Sport
GP2 Asia Series
2008 GP2 Series season
Andy Soucek
2008–09 GP2 Asia Series season
Kamui Kobayashi
Jérôme d'Ambrosio
2009 GP2 Series season
Scuderia Coloni
2009–10 GP2 Asia Series season
Alberto Valerio
Minardi
Force India
Formula One
Campos Grand Prix
Career statistics

categories: Sportspeople from Valladolid,International Formula 3000 drivers,1984 births,GP2 Series drivers,GP2 Asia Series drivers,Spanish racing drivers,Formula 3.5 V8 drivers,Euroformula Open Championship drivers,Living people

paragraph: Roldán Rodríguez

paragraph: Roldán Rodríguez Iglesias (born November 9, 1984 in Valladolid) is a Spanish racing driver, who competed in the GP2 Series from 2007 to 2009. Prior to this he competed in Spanish Formula Three and various Formula 3000 categories.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Formula Three.

paragraph: After competing in Formula Junior 1600 Spain in 2002, Rodríguez graduated to the Spanish Formula Three Championship in 2003 in remained there for the next four seasons, gradually improving to finish as series runner-up in 2006, behind Ricardo Risatti.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Nissan World Series.

paragraph: In 2004, Rodríguez dovetailed part-time campaigns in F3 and the Nissan World Series, in which he scored two points from nine races.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Euroseries 3000.

paragraph: Rodríguez drove for the Minardi Euroseries 3000 team in 2006 alongside his Spanish F3 campaign.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:GP2 Series.

paragraph: Giancarlo Minardi's team-up with Hitech/Piquet Sports for the 2007 GP2 Series season led to Rodríguez securing the second seat in the team, alongside Alexandre Negrão. He finished the season in 17th place.

paragraph: After initially beginning 2008 without a GP2 drive, he replaced the injured Michael Herck at Fisichella Motor Sport for the last round of the GP2 Asia Series, then kept his seat with the team for the main 2008 GP2 Series season, replacing Andy Soucek who had been expected to fill the seat. He finished thirteenth in the championship, an improvement upon the previous year.

paragraph: Rodríguez returned to Piquet GP to compete in the 2008–09 GP2 Asia Series season, where he finished third behind Kamui Kobayashi and Jérôme d'Ambrosio, and the 2009 GP2 Series season, where he finished eleventh.

paragraph: Rodríguez rejoined Scuderia Coloni, the old Fisichella Motor Sport team, for the 2009–10 GP2 Asia Series season but was replaced by Alberto Valerio after the first round.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Formula One.

paragraph: Rodríguez tested for Minardi during the season. He was signed by the Force India Formula One team as a test driver for the winter of -. He was linked with a race seat at Formula One newcomers Campos Grand Prix for 2010, but has announced that he will be taking a sabbatical from motorsport instead.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Career statistics from driverdb.com, retrieved March 4, 2007.

description: Spanish racing driver

wikidata_label: Roldán Rodríguez

wikipedia_title: Roldán Rodríguez


text: Pretoria

text: White River

text: Pretoria

text: Pretoria High School for Girls

text: University of the Witwatersrand

text: University of the Witwatersrand

text: University of Pretoria

text: Michaelis School of Fine Art

text: Cape Town

text: Scuola Lorenzo de' Medici

text: Florence

text: Potchefstroom

text: Natal

text: Stellenbosch

text: Cape Town Universities

text: Truth and Reconciliation Commission

text: White River

text: Christopher Smart

text: Wilfred Owen

text: Albie Sachs

text: Harold Sefola

text: Phila NdwandWe

text: Johannesburg

text: Venice Biennale

text: São Paulo

text: Annette Bonnier

text: Johann de Lange

text: Ettienne Koekemoer

text: Paul Stopforth

text: Bronwyn Law-Viljoen

text: Bronwyn Law-Viljoen

text: Stephen Watson

text: Patrick Cullinan

text: Bruce Attwood

text: Broederstroom Press

text: Wilma Stockenstrom

text: Bruce Attwood

text: Patrick Cullinan

text: Mark Attwood

text: The Artists' Press

text: Bruce Attwood

text: Broederstroom Press

text: Broederstroom Press

text: Ted Townsend

text: South African National Gallery

text: Port Elizabeth

text: Rembrandt Foundation

text: Johannesburg Art Gallery

text: Sasol

text: Telkom SA

text: University of South Africa

text: Anglo American

text: Anglovaal

text: Rand Afrikaans University

text: Constitutional Court

text: The Bodleian Library

text: Yale University

text: University of the Witwatersrand

text: A Tribute to Judith Mason – Kim Berman

text: Official Artist Site

text: Judith Mason on Facebook

categories: South African printmakers,Women printmakers,South African women artists,University of Pretoria faculty,20th-century women artists,South African painters,Draughtsmen,Modern printmakers,21st-century printmakers,1938 births,2016 deaths,Modern painters,21st-century women artists,20th-century printmakers,University of Cape Town academics,Drawers (artists),South African artists

paragraph: Judith Mason

paragraph: Judith Mason born Judith Seelander Menge (10 October 1938 Pretoria – 28 December 2016 White River) was a South African artist who worked in oil, pencil, printmaking and mixed media. Her work is rich in symbolism and mythology, displaying a rare technical virtuosity.

paragraph: Section::::About the Artist.

paragraph: Judith Mason was born in Pretoria; South Africa, in 1938. She matriculated at the Pretoria High School for Girls in 1956. In 1960, she was awarded a BA Degree in Fine Arts at the University of the Witwatersrand. She taught painting at the University of the Witwatersrand, the University of Pretoria, the Michaelis School of Fine Art in Cape Town, Scuola Lorenzo de' Medici in Florence, Italy from 1989 to 1991 and acted as external examiner for under-graduate and post-graduate degrees at Pretoria, Potchefstroom, Natal, Stellenbosch and Cape Town Universities. Several of Mason's works deal with the atrocities uncovered by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission. Mason died in White River 28 December 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Philosophy.

paragraph: Mason was politically aware and was motivated by a strong social conscience. Her work is informed by people, creatures, events and sometimes works of poetry, that touched or deeply disturbed her. Her images run the gamut from expressionist through representational, humorous and starkly symbolic. The history, mythology and ritual of Christianity and the eastern religions provided a fertile fund of inspiration for her work. Mason felt that formalised theology has destroyed the spiritually-nourishing mythological character of primitive religion.

paragraph: "Mason's pieces are sometimes imbued with lyrical and poetic overtones, and sometimes informed by the poetry of Christopher Smart and Wilfred Owen, another important feature of her work is the synthesis she established between beauty and ugliness. A beautifully drawn or painted face often gives way to a gaping, snarling monster ... The beauty/ugliness, or abjection, dichotomy in Mason's work is no other than an expression of how awful pain is.

paragraph: Mason also stated that "All the arts are forms of play."

paragraph: "The Man Who Sang and The Woman Who Kept Silent' (colloquially known as 'The Blue Dress'); comprising three paintings and a mixed media sculpture, have together come to constitute the signature piece of the Constitutional Court's collection. Justice Albie Sachs considers Judith Mason's "The Man Who Sang and the Woman Who Kept Silent" (1998) to be "one of the great pieces of art in the world of the late 20th century"

paragraph: This piece was inspired by two stories Mason heard on the radio at the time of the Truth and Reconciliation hearings. They told of the execution of two liberation movement cadres by the security police. One was Harold Sefola, who as Mason relates, "asked permission to sing Nkosi Sikelel’ iAfrika" before he was electrocuted; the other was Phila NdwandWe, "who was tortured and kept naked for ten days" and then assassinated in a kneeling position. As the TRC found, before NdwandWe was killed, she "fashioned a pair of panties for herself out of a scrap of blue plastic." This moved Mason to make a dress of blue plastic bags, inscribed with text beginning: ""Sister, a plastic bag may not be the whole armour of God, but you were wrestling with flesh and blood, and against powers, against the rulers of darkness …""

paragraph: ""I paint in order to make sense of my life, to manipulate various chaotic fragments of information and impulse into some sort of order, through which I can glimpse a hint of meaning. I am an agnostic humanist possessed of religious curiosity who regards making artworks as akin to alchemy. To use inert matter on an inert surface to convey real energy and presence seems to me a magical and privileged way of living out my days"".

paragraph: Judith Mason, 2004

paragraph: ""Hyenas like artists, are scavengers prowling on the edge of society. I love hyaenas because of their other-worldly whooping, their ungainliness and their "bad hair" (I share the latter two characteristics). I also regard the animal as a very apt image of the 'id' in opposition to the ego and the super-ego, the monkey on my back. In the three lithographs I have depicted The Muse by Day as a Hyaena in guinea fowl's clothing, the spots as disguise or drag to celebrate the gift of mimicry. In the Muse by Night I have concentrated on the animal as far-seeing, seer-like with the coat of spots as shaman's eyes. In Muse Amused I have tried to celebrate a generally despised animal having an existential guffaw.""

paragraph: Judith Mason, 2006

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.

paragraph: Major retrospective: Judith Mason 'A Prospect of Icons' Standard Bank Gallery 2 – – 6 October December 2008 and Sasol Art Museum, University of Stellenbosch 14 January to March 2009. Catalogue published in conjunction with the exhibition.

paragraph: Mason's artist's books were showcased in Washington DC at the National Museum for African Art for the 'Artists' Books and Africa' exhibition ended 11 September 2016.

paragraph: 'Undiscovered Animals' June 2016 was her final exhibition.

paragraph: Mason exhibited frequently in South Africa, with works in all the major South African art collections as well as in private and public collections in Europe and the United States. Exhibitions of her work have been held in Greece, Italy, The Netherlands, Belgium, Chile, Germany, Switzerland, New York and Miami.

paragraph: Her major public commissions include: "The Man Who Sang and The Woman Who Kept Silent" aka The Blue Dress at the Constitutional Court in Johannesburg, South Africa. Several large tapestries in collaboration with Marguerite Stephens and stained-glass window designs for the Great Park Synagogue in Johannesburg. In 2008, from 2 October to 6 December 2008, the Standard Bank Gallery in Johannesburg, South Africa hosted a major retrospective of paintings, drawings, assemblage, installations, artists books and essays. Sasol Art Museum at the University of Stellenbosch installed the same retrospective titled: A Prospect of Icons from 14 January to 28 March 2009. Her first solo exhibition was at Gallery 101, Johannesburg, in 1964 after winning second prize in the U.A.T competition in 1963. Mason has exhibited regularly in Johannesburg, Cape Town, Pretoria, Stellenbosch, Mpumalanga and George. Goodman Gallery, Chelsea Gallery, Association of Arts Pretoria, Association of Arts Cape Town, Hout Street Gallery, Strydom Gallery, Dorp Street Gallery, Art on Paper, Abalone Gallery, Sasol Art Museum, University of Stellenbosch, Standard Bank Museum, Karen Mackerron Gallery, as well as lithographs, oil paintings and drawings at Ombondi Gallery in New York in 1990 and more recently, tapestries, paintings and drawings at the Deering Estate, Miami Dade, 2016 and lithographs at Art Basel Miami Beach 2010 and 2015. She represented South Africa at the Venice Biennale, 1986, São Paulo Biennale 1973, Brazil, Valparaiso Biennale 1979, Chile and Houston Arts Festival 1980, USA.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Mind's Eye: An Introduction to Making Images (Books & Books Press USA, 2016, 2017) Out-of-Print eBook https://read.amazon.com/kp/embed?asin=B076H9J3Y3&preview=newtab&linkCode=kpe&ref_=cm_sw_r_kb_dp_IbgeAb5G0E76D

paragraph: BULLET::::- India's Elephants, Introduction Essay. Photographs by Annette Bonnier (Books & Books Press, 2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Walking With and Away From Dante. Artwork and text by Judith Mason. Edited by Johann de Lange Publisher: Ettienne Koekemoer, Cape Town, South Africa 2011. Signed and numbered.

paragraph: BULLET::::- TAXI-015: Paul Stopforth, Essay. Edited Bronwyn Law-Viljoen, publisher, David Krut, Johannesburg, South Africa, 2010

paragraph: BULLET::::- Art and Justice: The Art of the Constitutional Court of South Africa. Edited Bronwyn Law-Viljoen David Krut

paragraph: BULLET::::- A Prospect of Icons published on the occasion of her retrospective, Judith Mason: A Prospect of Icons. (Standard Bank of South Africa, 2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dante in South Africa By Stephen Watson. Edited Patrick Cullinan. Publisher Center for Creative Writing, University of Cape Town

paragraph: BULLET::::- A Dante Bestiary (Ombondi Editions, NY, 1990) Printed by Bruce Attwood, the Broederstroom Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Skoenlapper Heuwel, Skoenlapper Vrou illustrated poem by Wilma Stockenstrom (Butterfly Hill, Butterfly Woman Publisher: Ombondi Editions, NY. Printed by Bruce Attwood at the Broederstroom Press, 1988.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Selected Poems by Patrick Cullinan, 1992, Artists' Edition printed by Mark Attwood, The Artists' Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Talking Pictures Essays Printed by Bruce Attwood Broederstroom Press, Publisher Broederstroom Press, Broederstroom, South Africa, 1989.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concordant Silence Mixed Media Portfolio including photolithography, lithography, plate sinking, photography and gilding by hand and gold leaf in collaboration with poet Ted Townsend Signed and numbered. Edition of 75.

paragraph: Section::::Select Collections in South Africa.

paragraph: BULLET::::- South African National Gallery, Cape Town

paragraph: BULLET::::- George IV Gallery, Port Elizabeth

paragraph: BULLET::::- Durban Art Gallery, Kwa Zulu

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ann Bryant Museum, East London

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tatham Gallery, Pietermaritzburg

paragraph: BULLET::::- William Humphries Gallery, Kimberley

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pretoria Art Museum, Pretoria

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rembrandt Foundation, Pretoria

paragraph: BULLET::::- Johannesburg Art Gallery, Johannesburg

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mpumalanga Legislative Collection, Nelspruit

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oliewenhuis Art Museum, Bloemfontein

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sasol Corporate Art Collection, Johannesburg

paragraph: BULLET::::- Engen, Cape Town

paragraph: BULLET::::- La Motte Museum, Franschhoek, Cape Winelands, South Africa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Telkom SA, Johannesburg

paragraph: BULLET::::- University of South Africa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anglo American Collection

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anglovaal Collection

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sandton Municipal Collection, Johannesburg, South Africa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Spier Art Collection, Stellenbosch, South Africa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rand Afrikaans University

paragraph: BULLET::::- Constitutional Court, Johannesburg

paragraph: BULLET::::- JCI Collection, Johannesburg

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gertrude Posel Gallery, Johannesburg

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wits Art Museum (WAM) http://www.wits.ac.za/wam/

paragraph: Section::::Select Collections Abroad.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York City

paragraph: BULLET::::- Smithsonian National Museum of African Art, Washington DC

paragraph: BULLET::::- University of St John, Newfoundland, USA

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Bodleian Library, University of Oxford, UK

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yale University, USA

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: She was married to Professor Revil John Mason, former head of the Archaeology Department of the University of the Witwatersrand, and raised two daughters, Tamar (1966) and Petra (1970). She was also briefly married to Bruce Attwood of the Broederstroom Press.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- A Tribute to Judith Mason – Kim Berman

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interviews with Judith Mason's daughters

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Artist Site

paragraph: BULLET::::- Judith Mason on Facebook

paragraph: BULLET::::- Judith Mason – 3 videos on PELMAMA's YouTube Channel

description: South African artist

wikidata_label: Judith Mason

wikipedia_title: Judith Mason


text:
Cayuga language
Seneca language
Tuscarora
Iroquois
Cornplanter
Canawaugus
Genesee River
Avon, New York
affair
Cornplanter
clan
matrilineal
fur trading
Governor Blacksnake
Red Jacket
Beaver Wars
American Revolution
Western New York
factory farms
Thomas Jefferson
Arthur C. Parker
Tenskwatawa
Wovoka
Smohalla

wikipedia_title:
Cayuga language
Seneca language
Tuscarora language
Iroquois
Cornplanter
Canawaugus, New York
Genesee River
Avon (village), New York
Affair
Cornplanter
Clan
Matrilineality
Fur trade
Governor Blacksnake
Red Jacket
Beaver Wars
American Revolution
Western New York
Intensive animal farming
Thomas Jefferson
Arthur C. Parker
Tenskwatawa
Wovoka
Smohalla

categories: 1735 births,Religious figures of the indigenous peoples of North America,Seneca people,Witch hunting,18th-century Native Americans,Native Americans in the American Revolution,1815 deaths

paragraph: Handsome Lake

paragraph: Handsome Lake (Cayuga language: Sganyadái:yo, Seneca language: Sganyodaiyo) (Θkanyatararí•yau• in Tuscarora) (1735 – 10 August 1815) was a Seneca religious leader of the Iroquois people. He was a half-brother to Cornplanter, a Seneca war chief.

paragraph: Handsome Lake, a leader and prophet, played a major role in reviving traditional religion among the Haudenosaunee (People of the Longhouse), or Six Nations Iroquois Confederacy. He preached a message that combined traditional Haudenosaunee religious beliefs with a revised code meant to revive traditional consciousness to the Haudenosaunee after a long period of cultural disintegration following colonization. This message was eventually published as the "Code of Handsome Lake" and is still practiced today.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Handsome Lake was born as Hadawa'ko ("Shaking Snow") around 1735 in the Seneca village of Canawaugus, on the Genesee River near present-day Avon, New York. Very little is known of his parents; his mother, Gahonnoneh, later had an affair with a Dutch fur trader and gunsmith, resulting in the birth of Handsome Lake's half-brother, Cornplanter. Handsome Lake was born into the Turtle clan of his mother, as the Iroquois have a matrilineal kinship system. He was eventually adopted and raised by the Wolf clan people. Born during a time when the Seneca nation was at its peak of prosperity through fur trading, Handsome Lake witnessed the gradual deterioration of his society. Other well-known relatives in Handsome Lake's family included Governor Blacksnake, Red Jacket and Half-Town.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In 1794 he signed the U.S. treaty with the Six Nations (known as the Pickering Treaty). He visited Washington, D.C. with Cornplanter in 1802.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Tribe.

paragraph: Several factors contributed to the erosion of morale and spiritual welfare of the Iroquois/Haudenosaunee. At its peak in the early 18th century, the Haudenosaunee controlled much of what is now the midwestern United States, which it had conquered through decades of warring against the tribes native to those areas in the Beaver Wars.

paragraph: After the American Revolution, the Haudenosaunee lost most of their land in New York and Pennsylvania and were forced to live on reservations, including in Canada, as punishment for taking the side of the British Crown in the revolution. Although these reservations included much of the prime real estate in Western New York, including several of the prominent creek and river valleys, the small and fragmented native lands were separated by wide swaths of land that was eventually earmarked for American settlement in what would be known as the Holland Purchase. This dislocation followed years of social disruption due to epidemics of infectious disease and major wars.

paragraph: Alcohol was introduced to the tribes in this time frame, a substance to which numerous Haudenosaunee (including Handsome Lake himself) began consuming in excess, exacerbating the erosion of the traditional family unit. This situation was a result of the cultural clash between the fledgling United States and the once equally powerful Six Nations people. The traditional religious rituals were no longer applicable to the environment in which the Haudenosaunee people found themselves.

paragraph: Section::::Brings a Message of Gaihwiyo ("Good Word").

paragraph: In 1799, after a period of illness due to many years of excessive alcoholism, Handsome Lake had the visions that gave him the power to become a prophet. In his vision, he was warned by three spiritual messengers presented him with ideals that he must enforce among his people. They told him of concerns he must enforce, like learning the English language and preservation of their land. Shortly after Handsome Lake's first vision, he ceased drinking alcohol. When he regained his health, he began bringing a message of Gaiwiio (the "Good Word") to his people. He preached against drunkenness and other evil practices. His message outlined a moral code that was eventually referred to as the Code of Handsome Lake. Today it is called the Longhouse Religion.

paragraph: Handsome Lake abolished societal sins, attempting to cleanse the tribes of all immoral actions. He threatened his people in order to show them the error of their ways. He insisted that Iroquois people must refrain from drinking, marital abuse, abortion, spouse and child abandonment, selling of land, overconsumption, factory farms, and witchcraft.

paragraph: The rise of Handsome Lake's religion was more successful than most religions during that time because his code combined traditional Iroquois religion with Quaker values. Despite the clear presence of Christian values in his teachings, it is unclear how much contact with Christianity Handsome Lake had previous to his visions. His religion stressed survival without the sacrifice of the Iroquois identity, and recognized the need to make adjustments in order to survive in their changing world. Handsome Lake's ideals were eye opening and majority of people agreed with him. Those who opposed the code had reasons to believe that Handsome Lake was giving up on their old ways by altering the character of their religion. They saw Handsome Lake's new ideals as abandoning their history and forfeiting to Quaker ideals because Handsome Lake did not believe that they could survive with the world evolving around them.

paragraph: The Code of Handsome Lake was one of the most successful uprisings during the time. His Code combined traditional Iroquois religious values with Christian values, and then-President Thomas Jefferson gave his endorsement to Handsome Lake's code in 1803. With the help of Handsome Lake’s relatives, his visions were written down and published in 1850. The Code of Handsome Lake remains practiced among the Seneca and is considered to be a traditional Indian religion. Beginning in the 1820s, it became traditional for the Code to be recited every September at Tonawanda in the Seneca Nation.

paragraph: Section::::A Tale Of How America Was Discovered.

paragraph: How America Was Discovered  is a story told by Handsome Lake, and documented by Arthur C. Parker, about a young minister who meets the one he perceives to be the Lord, who then asks him to go to a new land and bring with him cards, money, a fiddle, whiskey, and blood corruption. In return the young minister will become rich. The young minister sought out Christopher Columbus, and with the help of his crew, traveled to the Americas. They turned back to report what they had seen, which caused an immigration of people from Europe to the Americas. Along with the people came the five things that aided in destroying the natives. The end reveals that the "Lord" in the gold castle was actually the devil, and that even he knew what he had caused was wrong.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tenskwatawa, Shawnee Prophet

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wovoka, founder of the Ghost Dance movement

paragraph: BULLET::::- Smohalla, dreamer-prophet associated with the Dreamers movement in the Pacific Northwest

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bjorklund, Karna L. "The Indians of Northeastern America", Dodd, Mead, & Co. New York. 1969.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Graymont, Barbara. "The Iroquois in the American Revolution," Syracuse University Press. Syracuse, New York. 1972.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wallace, Anthony, "The Death and Rebirth of the Seneca", 1969,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Manseu, Peter, "One Nation, Under Gods", 2015, Little, Brown and Company

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arthur C. Parker, "The Code of Handsome Lake, the Seneca Prophet", 1913

paragraph: BULLET::::- John H. Martin, "Handsome Lake: A New Religion for the Seneca", "The Crooked Lake Review", Fall 2005

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alfred G. Hilbert, "Handsome Lake: The Iroqouis Who Saw Visions", "The Crooked Lake Review", February 1995

paragraph: BULLET::::- Text of letter from Thomas Jefferson to Handsome Lake, Avalon Library, Yale University

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arthur C. Parker, "Seneca Myths and Folk Tales", 1923

description: Seneca religious leader

wikidata_label: Handsome Lake

wikipedia_title: Handsome Lake


text:
James Young Simpson
chloroform
Robert Louis Stevenson
Beltane
liver cancer
Blackwood & Sons
Sir James Y. Simpson
Oliphant, Anderson and Ferrier
"Famous Scots Series"
Robert Louis Stevenson
Hodder & Stoughton
Robert Louis Stevenson
T.N. Foulis
J.M. Dent
Robert Louis Stevenson

categories: 1920 deaths,Scottish biographers,Scottish women writers,1855 births,People from Edinburgh,Scottish non-fiction writers

paragraph: Eve Blantyre Simpson

paragraph: Eve Blantyre Simpson (1855–1920) was the daughter of Professor James Young Simpson, who popularised the use of chloroform as an anaesthetic. She wrote biographies of her father and of Robert Louis Stevenson. She also wrote a notable book on folk-lore in Scotland which refers to the early traditions such as Beltane. She was born on 15 December 1855 in Edinburgh and her mother was Jessie Grindlay. (She was christened 'Eve' and not 'Evelyn'.) She remained unmarried and died of liver cancer on 23 January 1920 at Edinburgh.

paragraph: Section::::Published books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nelson and Puck: dogs of other days", Edinburgh: Blackwood & Sons, 1882.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sir James Y. Simpson," Edinburgh: Oliphant, Anderson and Ferrier, 1896, ("Famous Scots Series")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Robert Louis Stevenson's Edinburgh Days", London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1898.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Robert Louis Stevenson," Edinburgh: T.N. Foulis, 1905. 'Spirit of the age series' no. 2.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Folk lore in lowland Scotland", London: J.M. Dent, 1908.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Robert Louis Stevenson Originals", [With illustrations and facsimiles.] London & Edinburgh: T. N. Foulis, 1912.)

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Births and deaths information available at the General Register Office for Scotland, Scotlands People Centre in Edinburgh, and also at http://scotlandspeople.gov.uk

paragraph: BULLET::::- British Library catalogue: http://www.bl.uk

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://openlibrary.org

description: British writer

wikidata_label: Eve Blantyre Simpson

wikipedia_title: Eve Blantyre Simpson


text:
Kuala Lumpur
Malaysia
Lotus Racing
Formula One
Lotus T127
AirAsia
Tony Fernandes
PETRONAS

categories: Sportspeople from Kuala Lumpur,Formula BMW Pacific drivers,German Formula Three Championship drivers,Living people,24 Hours of Le Mans drivers,FIA Formula 3 European Championship drivers,1993 births,FIA Formula 2 Championship drivers,Malaysian racing drivers

paragraph: Nabil Jeffri

paragraph: Muhammad Nabil Jan Al Jeffri (born 24 October 1993 in Kuala Lumpur) is a Malaysian racing driver.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Jeffri began his career in karting winning the Asian and Malaysian Rotax Max Junior titles in 2009. He stepped up to Formula BMW Pacific in 2010, racing for Eurasia Motorsport. On 1 September 2010, Jeffri carried out an aerodynamic test for the Lotus Racing Formula One team, driving the Lotus T127 on the airfield at the Imperial War Museum Duxford, becoming the youngest ever test driver in Formula One history. He drove for the team as a member of the AirAsia ASEAN Driver Development Program run by Lotus principal Tony Fernandes. In 2013, Nabil Jeffri was selected to be in the PETRONAS Talent Development Program and competed in the ATS FORMEL 3 CUP under Team Eurointernational.

description: Malaysian racing driver

wikidata_label: Nabil Jeffri

wikipedia_title: Nabil Jeffri


text: American

text: photographer

text: photography

text: Florida

text: Kansas City, Missouri

text: California

text: California Polytechnic University

text: Yosemite National Park

text: Ansel Adams

text: architecture

text: photography

text: landscape photography

text: Sears

text: Montgomery Ward

text: J. C. Penney

text: Akron, Ohio

text: California

text: Rocky Mountains

text: Pacific Northwest

text: Newport Beach, California

text: Flipper

text: cameras

text: documentary

text: Elam Stoltzfus

text: Muscarelle Museum of Art

text: Ansel Adams Award

text: Sierra Club

text: gallery

text: Community Service

text: Everglades

text: Peter Jennings

text: ABC News

text: American Planning Association

text: Nature Conservancy

text: Florida

text: Public Service

text: conservation

text: Florida

text: Florida International University

text: Humanitarian

text: Popular Photography Magazine

text: Clyde Butcher's website

text: Ansel Adams & Clyde Butcher

text: St Paul Public Library

categories: People from Florida,1942 births,American photographers,American environmentalists,Artists from Kansas City, Missouri,Living people

paragraph: Clyde Butcher

paragraph: Clyde Butcher (born 1942) is an American large format camera photographer known for wilderness photography of the Florida landscape. He began his career doing color photography before switching to large scale black-and-white landscape photography after the death of his son. Butcher is a strong advocate of conservation efforts and uses his work to promote awareness of the beauty of natural places.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: Born in Kansas City, Missouri, Clyde Butcher led a nomadic childhood with his parents, until they settled in Southern California when he was 18. He attended California Polytechnic University in 1960 and graduated in architecture. While visiting Yosemite National Park in 1963, he learned about the photography studies of Ansel Adams.

paragraph: During his senior year of college, Butcher married his college sweetheart Niki.

paragraph: Section::::Beginnings of photography career.

paragraph: During college, Butcher presented his architecture projects by creating and photographing miniature-scale models instead of making drawings.

paragraph: After graduation, Butcher began a career in architecture. He worked with architect William Pereira on such buildings as the Transamerica building in San Francisco and worked for architectural model companies. With the down turn in the economy Clyde lost his job and began showing his black and white images at local art festivals. He soon realized that he could make more money in photography than he was making in architecture. By 1970, he left architecture for landscape photography.

paragraph: Section::::Commercial success.

paragraph: Eventually, Butcher had a partnership that marketed and sold his images to the wall décor departments of Sears, Montgomery Ward, and J. C. Penney. He eventually accrued around 200 employees and offices in Akron, Ohio and Southern California. In order to increase sales, Butcher started photographing with color film so his images could match the avocado green shag carpets and gold couches. The bulk of his photography during this time took place west of the Rocky Mountains and in the Pacific Northwest.

paragraph: To escape some of the stress of the business, he moved onto a sailboat with his wife where he lived for seven years, moored in the harbor of Newport Beach, California. The boat had no electricity and refrigeration, conditions were spartan. Living without a television on the boat gained the family a sense of peace and solitude while they could take advantage of the city.

paragraph: Section::::Move to Florida.

paragraph: Butcher's love for boating and the television program "Flipper" inspired him to explore Florida. Butcher sold his business in California, moved to Florida, and returned to selling art in street festivals.

paragraph: In 1986, the Butchers' son was killed when a drunk driver hit the car in which he was a passenger. Butcher retreated to the wilderness for solace and restoration. He put aside color photography and became a black-and-white landscape photographer using large-format cameras.

paragraph: In 1993, Butcher purchased 14 acres in Big Cypress National Preserve in Southern Florida that is surrounded by over a million acres of wilderness. This is where he built his gallery and home. He then realized that he needed to help the public to understand the beauty of the swamp and began leading guided tours through the swamp behind his gallery in Big Cypress National Preserve. Big Cypress Gallery is open seven days a week from 10:00 - 5:00.

paragraph: 1997, Butcher began creating very large images up to 5x9' and needed a larger darkroom. He purchased a building in an industrial park in Venice Florida where he also has a gallery. The darkroom is 2000 sq feet. The darkroom is open to the public twice a year for tours. The gallery is open Tuesday - Friday from 10:00-4:00.

paragraph: A third gallery recently opened in the St. Armand's Circle area, off the coast of Sarasota, Florida.

paragraph: Section::::Conservation work.

paragraph: Butcher's deep appreciation for the Everglades inspired him to work for the restoration and preservation of environment. He has received recognition for his community service as well as his photography. In 1992, PBS aired a documentary about him, "Visions of Florida," which won a Wolfson Award.

paragraph: Butcher and his work has also inspired other artist-conservationists, such as film producer Elam Stoltzfus, who was struck by Clyde's art. The pair have formed a friendship over the years and have collaborated on several multimedia projects together as a result. Butcher hosted the documentaries "Big Cypress Swamp: The Western Everglades" and "Kissimmee Basin: The Northern Everglades," sister films that highlighted the importance of conservation and art in the state of Florida.

paragraph: Clyde Butcher's photographs have been exhibited in many museums across the country. A few are mentioned below:

paragraph: Museum of Florida History - Tallahassee, FL

paragraph: St. Petersburg Museum - St. Petersburg, FL

paragraph: National Gallery of Art - Prague, Czech Republic

paragraph: South Florida Museum - Bradenton, FL

paragraph: Museum of the Rockies - Bozeman, MT

paragraph: Museum of Discovery and Science - Ft. Lauderdale, FL

paragraph: Gallery of Classic Photography (group exhibit) - Moscow, Russia

paragraph: Annenberg Space for Photography (group exhibit) - Los Angeles, CA

paragraph: Orlando Museum of Art - Orlando, FL

paragraph: Boca Raton Museum of Art - Boca Raton, Florida

paragraph: Fernbank Museum of Natural History - Atlanta, GA

paragraph: Muscarelle Museum of Art, College of William and Mary - Williamsburg, VA

paragraph: Jacksonville Museum of Modern Art - Jacksonville, FL

paragraph: Dbuque Museum of Art - Dubuque, IA

paragraph: Bergstorm-Mahler Museum - Neenah, WI

paragraph: Ringling Museum of Art (in conjunction with Ansel Adams) - Sarasota, FL

paragraph: Ft. Lauderdale Museum of Art - Ft. Lauderdale, FL

paragraph: Lowe Art Museum -Miami, Florida

paragraph: Appleton Museum - Ocala, FL

paragraph: Museum of Art (in conjunction with Ansel Adams) - Ft. Lauderdale, FL

paragraph: Section::::Legacy and awards.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy and awards.:Photography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998, Florida Artist Hall of Fame Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000, Ansel Adams Award from the Sierra Club

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003, "Florida Monthly Magazine" - Best Florida Artist

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005, North American Nature Photography Association, Lifetime Achievement Award in Nature Photography

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006, Best Florida Artist,  "Florida Magazine" Best of Florida 2006

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004, Best gallery in Florida

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005, Stars in the Arts Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005, North American Nature Photography Association Lifetime Achievement Award 2005

paragraph: Section::::Legacy and awards.:Community service.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996, Heartland Community Service Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997, Everglades Coalition Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997, "Person of the Week", presented by Peter Jennings on ABC News)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997, American Planning Association - Florida Chapter Service Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998, South Eastern Region Nature Conservancy Conservation Colleague Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999, Keeping Florida Beautiful - Adopt-A-Highway Public Service Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000, Ansel Adams, conservation award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004, Wolfsom Telly Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004, Top 100 Most Influential People in Florida

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005, Florida International University Humanitarian of the Year Award

paragraph: 2005, Lifetime Achievement Award - North American Nature Photography Association

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Who Will Be the Next Ansel Adams?", "Popular Photography Magazine", 2004

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Clyde Butcher's website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ansel Adams & Clyde Butcher

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Film on Aquatic Preserves wins national award", Florida Department of Environmental Protection

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Clyde Butcher, A Photographer In The Heart Of The Everglades", "Shutterbug", February 2004

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Paul Public Library

paragraph: BULLET::::- C. Butcher, Clyde on Indexmod Encyclopedia of Art and Fashion

description: American photographer

wikidata_label: Clyde Butcher

wikipedia_title: Clyde Butcher


text:
Roman
martyr
Via Latina
Saint Gordianus
jointly venerated
Catholic Church
Alexandria
Bollandist
hagiologists
Bollandists
Copts
Ethiopians
Epimachus of Pelusium
Egypt
Eastern Orthodox
Copts
14 Pashons
Alexandria
Decius

paragraph: Saint Epimachus

paragraph: Saint Epimachus was a Roman martyr, and is commemorated on 10 May.

paragraph: After his martyrdom his body was laid in a crypt on the Via Latina and later the body of Saint Gordianus who was martyred during the time of Julian the Apostate was laid beside Epimachus. The two saints gave their name to the cemetery, and are jointly venerated by the Catholic Church.

paragraph: Many writers have denied the existence of an Epimachus martyred at Rome, and account for the relics honoured there by asserting that the body of a Saint Epimachus from Alexandria who was transported to Rome shortly before the martyrdom of St. Gordianus. The Bollandist Remi de Buck maintained that the evidence for the Roman Epimachus is too strong to be doubted, and denied that any relics of Epimachus of Alexandria came to Rome.

paragraph: Section::::Other Saint Epimachuses.

paragraph: There are also several martyrs named Epimachus, and, owing to the meagreness of the information possessed concerning them some writers have confounded them greatly while hagiologists are unable to agree as to their number or identity. The Bollandists mention four other saints of this name:

paragraph: BULLET::::- A martyr commemorated by the Orthodox on 6 July, (Acta SS., XXIX, 280)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Epimachus and Azirianus, martyrs venerated by the Copts and Ethiopians on 31 October (Acta SS., LXI, 684)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Epimachus of Pelusium in Egypt, venerated by the Eastern Orthodox on 31 October and by the Copts on 14 Pashons (Acta SS., LXI, 704)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Epimachus and Alexander, martyred at Alexandria in the persecution of Decius, commemorated in the Latin Church on 12 Dec.

description: Christian saint

wikidata_label: Saint Epimachus

wikipedia_title: Saint Epimachus


text:
marshal of France
Eighth Crusade
Louis IX
Carthage
mêlée
great officer
Imbert de Beaujeu
constable of France

categories: 1278 deaths,Christians of the Eighth Crusade,Marshals of France,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Lancelot de Saint-Maard

paragraph: Lancelot de Saint-Maard (died 1278) was the fourteenth marshal of France at the time of the Eighth Crusade in 1270.

paragraph: Section::::Eighth Crusade.

paragraph: Lancelot followed Louis IX to Africa with five knights in that year. He distinguished himself in the assault on Carthage. He conducted the siege and led the charge. During a "mêlée", his helm was broken and he was saved by his fellow great officer Imbert de Beaujeu, the constable of France.

description: Marshal of France

wikidata_label: Lancelot de Saint-Maard

wikipedia_title: Lancelot de Saint-Maard


text:
usurper
Roman Empire
emperor
Constantius II
Magnentius
Caesar
Augustus
Gaul
Rhine
consul ordinarius
battle of Mursa Major
Treves
Alemanic
Chnodomar
Sens
Battle of Mons Seleucus
Ammianus Marcellinus
"Res Gestae", XVI
Edward Gibbon

categories: Suicides by hanging in France,Flavii,Year of birth unknown,Imperial Roman consuls,353 deaths,4th-century Roman usurpers,Ancient Roman military personnel who committed suicide

paragraph: Decentius

paragraph: Magnus Decentius (died 18 August 353) was a usurper of the western portion of the Roman Empire against emperor Constantius II. Decentius was the brother of Magnentius, who had revolted against Constantius on 18 January 350.

paragraph: Section::::History.

paragraph: Magnentius elevated Decentius as Caesar or Augustus in winter of 351-52, to oversee the defence of Gaul and the Rhine frontier. He was appointed consul ordinarius in 352. In the following year, after he had lost the battle of Mursa Major, Magnentius' exactions to finance the war drove Gaul into revolt against his dictatorial rule, and Decentius was expelled from the capital, Treves, which headed the revolt.

paragraph: Constantius had meantime incited the Alemans to invade the province in order to increase the pressure on the usurper. Decentius, who led his brother's forces in the north, was defeated in a pitched battle by the Alemanic chief Chnodomar, and besieged in Sens. Decentius, when he heard of Magnentius' defeat by Constantius at the Battle of Mons Seleucus and his subsequent suicide, strangled himself in the besieged city, signalling the end of the civil war.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ammianus Marcellinus, "Res Gestae", XVI, 12,4

paragraph: BULLET::::- Edward Gibbon, "The Decline And Fall Of The Roman Empire", The Modern Library, 1932, New York.

description: Roman usurper

wikidata_label: Decentius

wikipedia_title: Decentius


text:
marshal of France
Héric de Beaujeu
Lancelot de Saint-Maard
Louis IX
Eighth Crusade
Africa
Siege of Tunis
Parlement

categories: 1282 deaths,Christians of the Eighth Crusade,Marshals of France,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Raoul II Sores

paragraph: Raoul II († 1282), called Sores or d'Estrée, was the marshal of France briefly in 1270 following the death of Héric de Beaujeu and before being replaced or joined by Lancelot de Saint-Maard.

paragraph: He accompanied Louis IX on the Eighth Crusade to Africa in 1270, bringing six knights. After Héric died at the Siege of Tunis, Raoul was elevated to the dignity.

paragraph: The register of the Parlement records his death in 1282.

description: Marshal of France

wikidata_label: Raoul II Sores

wikipedia_title: Raoul II Sores


text:
Puerto Natales
Santiago
Chile
footballer
midfielder
Unión Española
Chilean national football team
1962 FIFA World Cup
Battle of Santiago
Italy
Giorgio Ferrini
1966 FIFA World Cup
Santiago

categories: Unión Española footballers,Chile international footballers,1942 births,1987 deaths,1966 FIFA World Cup players,1962 FIFA World Cup players,Deportes Temuco footballers,Chilean footballers,Association football midfielders

paragraph: Honorino Landa

paragraph: Honorino Landa Vera (1 June 1942, in Puerto Natales – 30 May 1987, in Santiago) was a Chilean footballer who played as a midfielder.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.

paragraph: Once Landa received his high-school diploma in 1959, he went to play for the Unión Española (Spanish Union) team. In 1961, he scored 24 goals in the national championship; thanks to this, he was called up for the national team of his country. He stopped playing soccer in 1975.

paragraph: Section::::International career.

paragraph: Landa was the youngest player of the Chilean national football team that won a third place medal at the 1962 FIFA World Cup on home soil; during the tournament, he was one of the disgraced players directly involved in the Battle of Santiago incident during the Group 2 match between Chile and Italy. After only 12 minutes, Italy's Giorgio Ferrini committed a hard foul on Landa and was sent off, but refused to leave the pitch and had to be dragged off by policemen; Landa retaliated with a punch a few minutes later, but was not sent off. Chile won the match 2–0. Landa also represented Chile at the 1966 FIFA World Cup.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Landa Vera died of cancer in a hospital in Santiago two days before his 45th birthday.

description: Chilean footballer

wikidata_label: Honorino Landa

wikipedia_title: Honorino Landa


text: Jesuit

text: Greater Poland

text: Kraków

text: Piotrków

text: Lublin

text: Lwów

text: Sambor

text: Sandomierz

text: Kacper Bażanka

text: Jordanów

text: Żywiec

text: Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

text: Kremenets

text: Ukraine

text: Castrum doloris

text: Kapucyn

text: Lubartów

text: Vilnius

text: Jurewicze

text: Sambir

text: Pauline

text: Nyzhniv

text: St. Stanislaus Kostka

text: Jarosław

text: Dederkały Wielkie

text: Pidkamin

text: Ivano-Frankivsk

text: Holy Trinity Orthodox Cathedral

text: Lutsk

text: Poryck

categories: Polish architects,1762 deaths,1692 births,Polish Jesuits

paragraph: Paweł Giżycki

paragraph: Paweł Giżycki (1692 – 1762) was a Polish Jesuit architect.

paragraph: Giżycki was born in Greater Poland region on 21 January 1692. His exact place of birth is unknown. He was admitted into the Society of Jesus in Kraków on 16 July 1710. In 1712-1713 he taught grammar in Piotrków. In 1713-1716 he studied philosophy in Lublin College and spent the next three years teaching in Lwów, Sambor and Sandomierz. Between 1719 and 1923, he studied theology in Sandomierz and Kraków. It is alleged that during this period, Giżycki received also architectural education and possibly worked at rebuilding of the burnt Kraków College. He most probably learned architecture at Kacper Bażanka's workshop. After graduation, he was sent on mission to parishes of Biała, Jordanów and Żywiec. His first known architectural work was the main altar of Żywiec parish church, dated to 1724. Giżycki died on 28 January 1762 in Krzemieniec, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (now Kremenets, Ukraine).

paragraph: Section::::Works and projects.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Castrum doloris of Paweł Karol Sanguszko in Kapucyn Church in Lublin and his tombstone in Lubartów

paragraph: BULLET::::- Saint Ignatius of Loyola church in Kremenets (1730-1746)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stanisław Węcławowicz palace in Burbiszki near Vilnius

paragraph: BULLET::::- Church and Monastery in Jurewicze

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jesuit Church in Sambor/Sambir (c. 1730)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stanisław Wincenty Jabłonowski's palace (early 1740s)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pauline Church in Niżniów/Nyzhniv (early 1740s)

paragraph: BULLET::::- altar of St. Stanislaus Kostka (project) in St. John Church in Jarosław )

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reformed Church in Dederkały Wielkie

paragraph: BULLET::::- tower of Dominican Church in Podkamień/Pidkamin

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jesuit church in Stanisławów (now Greek Catholic Church of Holy Resurrection in Ivano-Frankivsk) (attributed)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bernardine Church and Monastery in Łuck (now Holy Trinity Orthodox Cathedral in Lutsk)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jesuit Church in Poryck, 1743-1755 (no longer existing)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Bibliography

description: Polish painter and architect

wikidata_label: Paweł Giżycki

wikipedia_title: Paweł Giżycki


text:
Paul Gredinger
Markus Kutter
advertising agency
Swiss National Library
Basel University Hospital
Museum of Modern Art
Emilio Ambasz
Designing Programms
Gerstner Programm
Berthold's
Diatype
Sinar camera
Obituary on form.de
Karl Gerstner Archive

categories: 2017 deaths,Swiss typographers,1930 births

paragraph: Karl Gerstner

paragraph: Karl Gerstner (2 July 1930 – 1 January 2017) was a Swiss designer, typographer, author and artist.

paragraph: Gerstner was apprenticed as a typographer, and in 1949, started his own graphic design studio. In 1963, together with Paul Gredinger and Markus Kutter, he founded GGK (Gerstner, Gredinger + Kutter), a leading Swiss advertising agency. In 2006 Gerstner donated his entire archive to the Swiss National Library in Bern, and the Karl Gerstner Archive sets out to document his design process from the earliest drafts to the final product.

paragraph: Gerstner died in Basel University Hospital on 1 January 2017.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.

paragraph: "designing programs/programming designs by Karl Gerstner" was a solo exhibition on view from February 5 to March 30 1973 at the Museum of Modern Art, New York directed by Emilio Ambasz. The exhibition was based on Gerstner's book Designing Programms.

paragraph: Section::::Typefaces.

paragraph: Gerstner Programm was designed by Karl Gerstner between 1964-67 and first published in Berthold's Diatype filmsetting format. 16 versions of the programme were generated, 8 regular and 8 italic, using the Sinar camera under the expert direction of GGK staff member Werner Richli. Templates were executed by Christian Mengelt. It was successful in the U.S., where it was issued by Aaron Burns, but soon perished with the Diatype system.

paragraph: A digital restoration by Stephan Müller of Gerstner Programm has been released in 2017.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Obituary on form.de

paragraph: BULLET::::- Karl Gerstner Archive

alias:
KG
Karl Gerstner (1930-)
Richard Gerstl

description: Swiss graphic designer

wikidata_label: Karl Gerstner

wikipedia_title: Karl Gerstner


text:
Moravský Beroun
Moravia
Zurich
Austrian
chemist
natural product
mescaline
cuscohygrine
Hans Tuppy
World War II
Percy Lavon Julian
University of Vienna

categories: 1946 deaths,Austrian people of Moravian-German descent,1886 births,Moravian-German people,20th-century chemists,20th-century Austrian scientists,People from Moravský Beroun,Austrian chemists,Austrian expatriates in Switzerland

paragraph: Ernst Späth

paragraph: Ernst Späth (14 May 1886, in Moravský Beroun (), northern Moravia – 30 September 1946, in Zurich) was an Austrian chemist, specializing in natural products.

paragraph: He was the first to synthesise mescaline and was one of the first to synthesize cuscohygrine on a small scale with Hans Tuppy.

paragraph: He lost everything in World War II, and died with no money. His former student Percy Lavon Julian returned to Vienna, paid for his funeral, and commissioned a bust of Späth, which is still displayed in the foyer of the "Faculty of Chemistry" of the University of Vienna. A second cast of the bust was erected in 1961 in the "Arkadenhof" of the University of Vienna.

description: Austrian chemist

wikidata_label: Ernst Späth

wikipedia_title: Ernst Späth


text:
Renaud III, Count of Burgundy
Simon I, Duke of Lorraine
Adelaide of Leuven
Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy

categories: Countesses of Burgundy,12th-century French women,12th-century French people,Year of birth unknown,1147 deaths

paragraph: Agatha of Lorraine

paragraph: Agatha of Lorraine (c. 1120 – April 1147) was the wife of Renaud III, Count of Burgundy. She was the daughter of Simon I, Duke of Lorraine and his wife Adelaide of Leuven.

paragraph: Agatha's children with her husband included:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beatrice I, Countess of Burgundy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Two other sons and three other daughters who died in childhood

paragraph: She fell sick in March 1147 and died two weeks later.

description: Conutess consort of Burgundy

wikidata_label: Agatha of Lorraine

wikipedia_title: Agatha of Lorraine


text: John Stackhouse

text: Member of Parliament

text: West Cornwall

text: University of London

text: Select Committee

text: Warden of the Stannaries

text: Edward Hodges Baily

categories: UK MPs 1832–1835,UK MPs 1835–1837,UK MPs 1847–1852,Politicians from Cornwall,Fellows of the Royal Society,Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for constituencies in Cornwall,UK MPs 1837–1841,1775 births,1853 deaths,UK MPs 1852–1857,UK MPs 1841–1847

paragraph: Edward Wynne-Pendarves

paragraph: Edward William Wynne Pendarves (6 April 1775 – 26 June 1853) was an English politician.

paragraph: Born Edward William Stackhouse, he was son of John Stackhouse and his wife Susanna Acton. He served as Member of Parliament (MP) for West Cornwall from the creation of the Constituency on 19 December 1832 until the year of his death.

paragraph: He was on the Committee of Management of the South Western Railway in 1836. He was one of the proprietors of the University of London, who requisitioned a special general meeting in 1831, to appoint a Select Committee to investigate the lack of progress with the project. He was appointed Deputy-Warden of the Stannaries in 1852.

paragraph: His memorial is in St Martin and St Meriadoc’s Church, Camborne designed by Edward Hodges Baily.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "West Briton" obituary, Friday 1 July 1853.

description: British politician

wikidata_label: Edward Wynne-Pendarves

wikipedia_title: Edward Wynne-Pendarves


text: Moscow

text: Gnessin State Musical College

text: Gnessin Russian Academy of Music

text: Igor Brill

text: Igor Butman

text: Benny Golson

text: Valery Ponomarev

text: Curtis Fuller

text: Randy Brecker

text: Bill Evans

text: Wynton Marsalis

text: New York City

text: Ryan Kisor

text: trumpet

text: Igor Butman

text: saxophone

text: bass

text: drums

text: Ivan Farmakovsky's official web site

text: Ivan Farmakovsky at Myspace

categories: Russian jazz pianists,Living people,Russian musicians,1973 births

paragraph: Ivan Farmakovsky

paragraph: Ivan Farmakovsky (born February 1, 1973, Moscow, Russia) is a Russian jazz pianist, composer and arranger.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born into a creative family of an actress and pianist, Ivan Farmakovsky attended a musical school under the studio of recreation center "Moskvorechie" since the age of 5. At that time this institution was practically the only school in The Soviet Union where jazz was part of educational program together with classical music. In 1988 he became student of the variety-jazz department of The Gnessin State Musical College - continuing in Gnessin Russian Academy of Music. One of Ivan's mentors was Igor Brill, one of Russia's most respected jazz pianists. During his student days, participated in various international competitions and succeeded to be a prize-winner in the Europe Jazz Contest in Belgium, 1997.

paragraph: Ivan's talent was noticed by saxophonist Igor Butman after him playing as sideman with Benny Golson and Valery Ponomarev. Soon after the gig, Ivan Farmakovsky became a member of Igor's quartet and Big Band. Since that time he played with Curtis Fuller, Randy Brecker, Bill Evans, Wynton Marsalis, Seamus Blake and many others.

paragraph: Section::::Debut Album.

paragraph: In 2008 Ivan Farmakovsky recorded a debut album entitled "Next To The Shadow" which consisted of his own compositions. The recording took place at Sear Sound Studios, New York City, in collaboration with such musicians as Ryan Kisor (trumpet), Igor Butman (saxophone), Ugonna Okegwo (bass) and Gene Jackson (drums). The album was released physically in Russia (Boheme Music label, April 2009) and digitally in the US on Jazzheads (January 2010).

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ivan Farmakovsky's official web site

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ivan Farmakovsky at Myspace

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ivan Farmakovsky: Raising the Bar" - feature and interview by Cyril Moshkow at Allaboutjazz.com

description: Russian musician

wikidata_label: Ivan Farmakovsky

wikipedia_title: Ivan Farmakovsky


text:
quarterback
Calgary Stampeders
Kansas City Command
Allen Wranglers
Philadelphia Soul
Orlando Predators
college football
NCAA Division II
Southwest Baptist University
Lehigh Senior High School
Lehigh Acres, Florida
Southwest Baptist University
2011 NFL Draft
Calgary Stampeders
Canadian Football League
Kansas City Command
Arena Football League
Allen Wranglers
Indoor Football League
Philadelphia Soul
Orlando Predators
Southwest Baptist profile

categories: Calgary Stampeders players,1988 births,Players of American football from Florida,People from Lee County, Florida,American football quarterbacks,Southwest Baptist Bearcats football players,Philadelphia Soul players,Sportspeople from Miami,Kansas City Command players,Living people,Allen Wranglers players

paragraph: Steven Gachette

paragraph: Steven Gachette (born July 28, 1988) is a former American professional football quarterback. He was also a member of the Calgary Stampeders, Kansas City Command, Allen Wranglers, Philadelphia Soul and Orlando Predators. He played college football at NCAA Division II Southwest Baptist University.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Gachette played high school football at Lehigh Senior High School in Lehigh Acres, Florida.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: In 2007, he started his redshirt freshman season for the Southwest Baptist University and started every game for the Bearcats, completing 315 of 515 passes for 2,953 yards, and 15 touchdowns. He also rushed for seven touchdowns on 104 attempts for 461 yards.

paragraph: In 2008, Gachette again started every game for the Bearcats. He threw for 3,360 yards on 27 touchdowns, while having a completion percentage of 59.9% on 296 completions on 494 attempts. He also ran the ball 159 times, for 947 yards and six touchdowns en route to being named First Team All-Independent and the ICAA Player of the Year.

paragraph: In early 2009, Gachette was named D-II Pre Season All-American and Pre Season All-Conference. He completed 61.6% of his passes for 28 touchdowns and 3,015 yards and rushed for 1,158 yards on 7.0 yards per carry, for 8 touchdowns. Gachette was named a Harlon Hill Regional Finalist, AFCA All-State Good Works Team nominee, was honorable mention D-II All-American, Conference Player of the Year, among other awards. By the end of the season, Steven had broken 18 SBU records.

paragraph: Once again in early 2010, Gachette was named to the D-II Pre Season All-American team, and Pre Season All-Conference. He passed for 3,247 yards while completing 66.2% of passes he attempted and threw for 24 touchdowns. In this season, Gachette carried the ball 129 times for 1,018 yards and 15 touchdowns. He was named Conference Player of the Year for the third time in his career, and named a Harlon Hill Regional Finalist for the second straight year.

paragraph: Gachette walked onto the SBU football team in 2006 at only 140 Lbs. In his four-year career at SBU, Steven broke every SBU record by a quarterback. He also accounted for 15,000 total yards, as he threw 99 touchdown passes and ran for 35. Gachette holds the record for most career pass completions in NCAA Division II history with 1,119.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Calgary Stampeders.

paragraph: After going undrafted in the 2011 NFL Draft, Gachette signed a two-year contract with the Calgary Stampeders of the Canadian Football League. He was released by the Stampeders on June 18, 2011 after only one preseason appearance.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Kansas City Command.

paragraph: In July 2011, Gachette signed with the Kansas City Command of the Arena Football League.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Allen Wranglers.

paragraph: On April 12, 2012, it was announced that Gachette had signed a contract to join the Allen Wranglers of the Indoor Football League. In his first game with the Wranglers, Gachette recorded 6 touchdowns on 232 yards.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Philadelphia Soul.

paragraph: Gachette was assigned to the Philadelphia Soul for the season. Gachette played 8 weeks with the Soul before they placed him on recallable reassignment on May 13, where he became a free agent two days later.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Orlando Predators.

paragraph: Just one day after his release, Gachette signed with the Orlando Predators.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Southwest Baptist profile

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Steven Gachette

wikipedia_title: Steven Gachette


text:
Canadian football
cornerback
Montreal Alouettes
Canadian Football League
Tennessee Titans
2011 NFL Draft
Aliquippa High School
college football
Pitt
Edinboro University
California (PA)
Pittsburgh International Airport
California University of Pennsylvania
John Luckhardt
Eastham Energy All-Star Game
Cactus Bowl
Tennessee Titans
2011 NFL Draft
Detroit Lions
Darius Reynaud
Lateral pass
Music City Miracle
Jacksonville Jaguars
Alan Ball
BC Lions
Aliquippa, Pennsylvania
Montreal Alouettes
Mike Sherman
Tennessee Titans bio
California Vulcans bio
NFL.com bio

categories: Calgary Stampeders players,African-American players of American football,California Vulcans football players,1987 births,People from Aliquippa, Pennsylvania,Sportspeople from the Pittsburgh metropolitan area,Montreal Alouettes players,African-American players of Canadian football,Canadian football defensive backs,Tennessee Titans players,Jacksonville Jaguars players,American football cornerbacks,Pittsburgh Panthers football players,Players of American football from Pennsylvania,Living people

paragraph: Tommie Campbell

paragraph: Tommie James Campbell (born September 19, 1987) is an American professional Canadian football cornerback for the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He was drafted by the Tennessee Titans in the seventh round of the 2011 NFL Draft.

paragraph: Section::::High school career.

paragraph: While attending Aliquippa High School, Campbell was a multi-sport star in football, basketball and track. He was the Pennsylvania state high school sprint champion in 2005.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: He went on to play college football at Pitt (2005–2006), Edinboro University (2007), and California (PA) (2010). Academic problems ended his playing career at Pitt and Edinboro, and he was working as a janitor at Pittsburgh International Airport from 2008 to 2009. Campbell was afforded a third chance to play college football by the California University of Pennsylvania. Campbell made good on the third opportunity. He appeared in all 12 games for California (Pa.). California coach John Luckhardt said that Campbell's life experiences had helped him mature and quipped, "One of the things he said was that cleaning toilets at 12 o'clock at night really got his attention." Campbell, in turn, has expressed his gratitude to Coach Luckhardt for giving him another chance: "Cal gave me another shot at pursuing my dream, which is to be a success in the NFL." Based on his comeback performance in 2010, Campbell was one of only eight Division II players to participate in the 2011 Eastham Energy All-Star Game in Arizona. He also participated in the Cactus Bowl (Division II All Star Game) in Texas. Campbell ran a 4.31 40-yard dash at the Cactus Bowl, ranking third among the 300-plus prospects at the event.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Tennessee Titans.

paragraph: He was selected by the Tennessee Titans in the seventh round of the 2011 NFL Draft. In a 2012 week 3 matchup against the Detroit Lions, in the first quarter, Darius Reynaud caught a punt and threw a Lateral pass to Campbell, who returned the football 65 yards for a touchdown similar to the Music City Miracle. The Titans would win 44-41 in Overtime. On August 29, 2014, he was released.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Jacksonville Jaguars.

paragraph: Campbell signed with the Jacksonville Jaguars after a season-ending injury to cornerback Alan Ball. He was waived on August 29, 2015.

paragraph: Campbell started all 18 games and had 71 defensive tackles including a tackle for a loss, 1 special-teams tackle, 3 interceptions and 9 knockdowns, one of his interceptions being a game winning one in an overtime victory against the BC Lions in week 3. He also added four punt returns for 21 yards. He was named a West Division all-star. On January 24, 2017, Campbell turned himself into police custody after being charged with multiple drug related charges. Police believed he was selling drugs out of his residence in Aliquippa, Pennsylvania during the CFL off-season. However, the charges were subsequently dropped and his record cleared. Campbell returned to the Stamps for the teams 2017 training camp.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Montreal Alouettes.

paragraph: Campbell signed with the Montreal Alouettes on February 13, 2018. He was considered one of the top free agents on the market, having not allowed a touchdown during the 2017 regular season, On September 20, 2018 Campbell and the Alouettes agreed to a two-year contract extension; keeping him with the club through the 2020 season. Campbell finished the 2018 season with 38 tackles, 1 interception, and one forced fumble in 17 games played; Campbell was removed from the lineup for one game by head coach Mike Sherman for not buckling a chin strap at practice earlier in the week. Although the Alouettes finished the season out of playoff contention with a 5-13 record, Campbell and the ball-hawk Montreal defense helped improve the team's record by two wins from the previous season.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tennessee Titans bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- California Vulcans bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- NFL.com bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.nfl.com/videos/nfl-game-highlights/09000d5d821c6663/Can-t-Miss-Play-Campbell-s-happy-return

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Tommie Campbell

wikipedia_title: Tommie Campbell


text: Bristol

text: draughtsman

text: West of England College of Art

text: Royal College of Art

text: Harkness Fellowship

text: Chelsea College of Art and Design

text: Mojave Desert

text: installation art

text: Australian National Gallery

text: Thameslink

text: Yorkshire Sculpture Park

text: Biennale de Paris

text: documenta

text: Peggy Guggenheim Collection

text: Richard Alston

text: Mojave desert

text: Yorkshire Sculpture Park

text: Kunsthalle Mannheim

text: Sculpture at Schoenthal

text: Biographical details

categories: 1943 births,21st-century sculptors,People educated at Bristol Grammar School,English male sculptors,English sculptors,Royal Academicians,20th-century British sculptors,Living people

paragraph: Nigel Hall (sculptor)

paragraph: Nigel Hall (born 30 August 1943 in Bristol), is an English sculptor and a draughtsman.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Hall's grandfather was a stonemason working on churches and cathedrals and Hall was able to observe this work and the carving of stone was to influence his sculptures and drawings. He studied at the West of England College of Art, Bristol from 1960 to 1964 and at the Royal College of Art, London from 1964 to 1967. A Harkness Fellowship took him to United States, to Canada and Mexico from 1967 to 1969. Only later, back in London, he travelled to Japan, Korea and Switzerland. From 1971 to 1981 Hall was a lecturer and external examiner of the Royal College of Art, London and ran the MA sculpture course at Chelsea College of Art and Design.

paragraph: Hall lives and works in London. He was elected to the Royal Academy of Arts in 2003.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Hall has always created single and multi-coloured drawings. Since the 1960s he has also worked on sculptures and spatial structures. The interplay of shadows and balance in the works mean that their placement, whether indoors or outside, is important. Hall finds the landscape of the Mojave Desert and Swiss Alps spaces of silence and vastness. This influences his drawings and he keeps a diary of sketches on his frequent travels. His drawings represent more than half of his total work.

paragraph: His location-based installation art is internationally known. A two-part wall relief in painted and gilded wood at the entrance of Providence Tower, Dallas (1989), a wall sculpture at the entrance to the Australian National Gallery, Canberra (1982), and his largest sculpture, a free-standing steel work at the entrance to the Thameslink tunnel, London, 1993.

paragraph: Section::::Selected exhibitions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Solo exhibitions: 1967: Galerie Givaudan, Paris, France, - 1982: Kunsthalle Baden-Baden, Germany, - 1995: Veranneman Foundation, Kruishoutem, Belgium, - 1998: New York Studio School Gallery, New York City, - 2001: Foundation Sculpture at Schoenthal, Langenbruck, Switzerland, - 2004: Kunsthalle Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany, - 2008: Park Ryu Sook Gallery, Seoul, South Korea, - 2008 "Nigel Hall: Sculpture and Drawing 1965-2008" - Yorkshire Sculpture Park, Wakefield, West Yorkshire

paragraph: BULLET::::- Group exhibitions: 1975: Biennale de Paris, Paris, France, - 1977: documenta 6, Kassel, Germany, - 2002/03: Peggy Guggenheim Collection, Venice, Italy, - 2001, 2003, 2005: "Blickachsen", Bad Homburg vor der Höhe, Germany, 2006: Museum of Fine Arts, Ostend, Belgium - 2015: "British Art +", Museum Biedermann, Donaueschingen, Germany

paragraph: BULLET::::- Public collections: Tate Gallery, London, - Musee National d'Art Moderne, Paris, France, - Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin, Germany, - Tokyo Metropolitan Art Museum, Japan, - National Museum of Art, Osaka, Japan, - Museum of Contemporary Art, Sydney, Australia, - Dallas Museum of Fine Art, Texas, USA, - Tel Aviv Museum of Art, Israel

paragraph: Hall's sculpture "Soda Lake" was featured in Richard Alston's dance as the physical set for the piece. The dance piece was named after the sculpture. The sculpture was inspired by "Soda Lake" which can be found in the Mojave desert. One part of the sculpture is a thin metal pole which stretched up at an angle and has a large elliptical loop attached at its apex. The second part is a thicker pole which is hung diametrically opposite the point at which the loop is attached to the thin pole, and is suspended so that it does not quite reach the ground. This is in two parts, the top section being marginally fatter than the lower. The upper end of the pole is slightly pointed whilst its lower end is bluntly rounded. The sculpture is made of fiberglass and aluminium and is painted gloss black. Hall used the concept of silence found at the landscape of "Soda Lake" and translated it into his sculpture through hanging one of the poles above the ground slightly.

paragraph: Section::::Selected sculpture parks.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yorkshire Sculpture Park, Wakefield, West Yorkshire

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cass Sculpture at Goodwood

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sculpture garden Kunsthalle Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany

paragraph: BULLET::::- Foundation Sculpture at Schoenthal, Langenbruck, Switzerland

paragraph: Section::::Selected literature.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nigel Hall: Sculpture and Drawings", exh, cat., Annely Juda Fine Art, London, 1978

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nigel Hall: Skulpturen und Zeichnungen", exh. cat., Kunsthalle Baden-Baden, Germany, 1982

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nigel Hall: Hidden Valleys", exh. cat., Kunsthalle Mannheim, Germany, 2004

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nigel Hall: Other Voices, Other Rooms", exh. Cat., Galerie Scheffel, Bad Homburg vor der Höhe, Germany, 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- Andrew Lambirth: "Nigel Hall - Sculpture and Works on Paper". Royal Academy Books, London, 2008. - (The text is drawn from transcriptions of interviews with the artist recorded by Andrew Lambirth for the "Artist's Lives" project for the "National Life Stories". The British Library)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nigel Hall: Chinese Whispers", exh. cat., Galerie Andresthalmann, Zürich, 2010

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biographical details

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nigel Hall: Sculpture + Drawings 1965 – 2008 at Yorkshire Sculpture Park

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile on Royal Academy of Arts Collections

description: British artist

wikidata_label: Nigel Hall

wikipedia_title: Nigel Hall (sculptor)


text:
Lord Mayor of London
Holborn
Threadneedle Street
Royal Exchange
David Wilkie
David Roberts
Common Council of the City of London
Bread Street
Sheriffs of the City of London
alderman
Portsoken
French Emperor
Empress Eugenie
Guildhall
Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur
baronet
Stationers' Company
Loriners' Company
Brighton
St. Mary's Church, Fetcham
Surrey
Edward Graham Moon
National Portrait Gallery

categories: Sheriffs of the City of London,Lord Mayors of London,1796 births,Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom,1871 deaths

paragraph: Francis Moon

paragraph: Sir Francis Graham Moon, 1st Baronet (28 October 1796 – 13 October 1871) was an English printseller and publisher and served as Lord Mayor of London.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Moon was born at St Andrew, Holborn, the son of Christopher Moon, and Ann, daughter of T. Withry. His father was a gold and silver smith.

paragraph: Moon became a print seller and acquired a number of shops at the corner of Finch Street and Threadneedle Street in the 1820s on the site of the Royal Exchange buildings. He was considered to be the leading print publisher in London and was commissioned by artists including David Wilkie and David Roberts.

paragraph: In 1831, Moon entered the Common Council of the City of London for Bread Street ward and became one of the Sheriffs of the City of London in 1843.

paragraph: He was an alderman for Portsoken from 1844 to 1871 and for Bridge Street Without from 1871.

paragraph: In 1854, he became Lord Mayor of London and showed European leanings as in 1855 he received the French Emperor and his wife Empress Eugenie in the Guildhall.

paragraph: He was subsequently honoured as a Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur.

paragraph: He was created baronet on 4 May 1855.

paragraph: Moon was master of the Stationers' Company from 1854 to 1855 and Master of the Loriners' Company from 1855 to 1856.

paragraph: Moon died at Western House, Brighton on 13 October 1871, at the age of 74.

paragraph: He was buried in the churchyard of St. Mary's Church, Fetcham, Surrey where his son Edward was rector.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Moon married Anne Chancellor on 28 October 1818, and had four sons and four daughters.

paragraph: His son Edward Graham Moon was a rower and clergyman and succeeded to the baronetcy.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- National Portrait Gallery

description: Lord Mayor of London

wikidata_label: Francis Moon

wikipedia_title: Francis Moon