text: University of British Columbia

text: Alicia Keys

text: No One

text: Lipstick Jungle

text: Grammy

text: Moev

text: Billboard

text: Rolling Stone

text: Brave New Waves

text: Sarah McLachlan

text: Cartoon Network

text: Coca-Cola

text: McDonald's

text: ESPN

text: Manolo Badrena

text: Al Di Meola

text: Paul Simon

text: Dweezil Zappa

text: DJ Logic

text: Bethany Joy Lenz

text: Taylor Dayne

text: Sophie B. Hawkins

text: Taj Mahal

text: Moby

text: Gwen Stefani

text: John Legend

text: David Guetta

text: Rob Thomas

text: Alicia Keys

text: Ashlee Simpson

text: Mercedes Ferrer

text: Lizzy Mercier Descloux

text: Judie Tzuke

text: Yoko Ono

text: Diana Krall

text: Mike Stern

text: Rufus Reid

text: Hiram Bullock

text: Arif Mardin

text: Eli Wallach

text: Clint Eastwood

text: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly

text: Willie Nelson

text: Los Lonely Boys

text: Hank Williams Jr.

text: Alltel Stadium

text: Anita Prime

text: Robbie Dupree

text: Joe Lynn Turner

text: Deep Purple

text: Orleans

text: Anita Prime

text: Ray Anderson

text: Hiram Bullock

text: Rick Margitza

text: Rufus Reid

text: Adam Rogers

text: Mike Stern

text: Led Zeppelin

text: Mike Stern

text: Dweezil Zappa

text: DJ Logic

text: Dave Panichi

text: Goo Goo Dolls

text: Maroon 5

text: Matt Garrison

text: DJ Logic

text: Dennis Chambers

text: Steve Smith

text: Virgil Donati

text: Thomas Lang

text: Giovanni Hidalgo

text: Johnny Rabb

text: Mike Portnoy

text: John Blackwell

text: Horacio "El Negro" Hernandez

text: Anton Fig

text: Ignacio Berroa

text: Jojo Mayer

text: Jimmy Degrasso

text: The Cartoon Network

text: Coca-Cola

text: McDonald's

text: ESPN

text: MTV

text: Bravo

text: Ron Thaler Pearl Drums Profile

text: Ron Thaler Profile at Pintech

text: Ron Thaler Profile at Sabian Cymbals

text: Muzic in Me (Australia) radio interview

text: Ron Thaler: Drums Website

text: Ron Thaler: Record Producer Website

categories: Canadian songwriters,University of British Columbia alumni,New Zealand record producers,Israeli musicians,American jazz composers,Year of birth missing (living people),American jazz musicians,American funk drummers,Grammy Award winners,Canadian drummers,Songwriters from New York (state),American rock drummers,Canadian record producers,American music industry executives,American session musicians,American jazz drummers,Canadian male drummers,Living people,Israeli record producers,American male composers,American record producers,American male songwriters,Musicians from New York (state),Jazz fusion musicians

paragraph: Ron Thaler

paragraph: Ron Thaler is a record producer, recording artist, drummer, composer, arranger, multi-instrumentalist, musical director, and spatial sound entrepreneur. A graduate of the University of British Columbia, Thaler released an instructional program for drummers called "Phraseology And Individuality On The Drumset", and has appeared at international drum festivals and music colleges.

paragraph: Best known by fans as the drummer on Alicia Keys' double Grammy-award-winning "No One" and on NBC TV’s "Lipstick Jungle", and with three "Producer-of-the-Year" Grammy ballot nominations and eleven Artist Grammy ballot nominations, Thaler has been a member of a large number of bands and ensembles, and spent a significant amount of his career backing recording artists as a sideman as well as a session player in recording studios, while continuing a busy schedule as a record producer.

paragraph: Thaler is active in music licensing, publishing and synchronization, through his three firms RT Type Music (Canada), Soda Box Music LLC (offices in New York USA and Florence Italy), and Concorde Music Agency SAS based in Bogota Colombia. Thaler is an artist-in-residence and visiting professor at The Collective (New York City), where he teaches music business, music production, the economics of music, music law & contracts, and networking principles, in addition to masterclasses in drum performance and studio recording techniques.

paragraph: Thaler is a pioneer in the field of spatial sound and 4D music creation, having launched SoundSphere Studios, CineSphere, and Lysten 360 Sound Systems in 2019 with partner Steven Boardman. He is developing educational initiatives in 360º sound at post-secondary facilities in Canada and Colombia, with curriculums focussed on industry transformations taking place in the worlds of spatial sound capture, music creation and 4D sound transmission.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early Years.

paragraph: Thaler was 11 years old when he first picked up drumsticks, after playing piano for three years. He joined the high school jazz-band, and played his first professional shows at age 16 with jazz saxophonist Gordon Clements and with The Island Big Band. In his late teens, Thaler moved to Vancouver, Canada and toured with electronica band Moev in support of their release "Yeah Whatever" (Nettwerk/Atlantic Records) which peaked at number 4 on the "Billboard" and "Rolling Stone" music charts, also appearing on three other albums with the group, "In and Out" (Rebel Records/SPV), "Alibis" (Nettwerk/Atlantic Records)", "and the compilation"

paragraph: "Brave New Waves" (CBC/RCA). Thaler worked as in-house drummer and percussionist for various emerging artists on Nettwerk Records, Arista, Sony/ATV, Warner Canada and Atlantic Records, recording at Mushroom Studios, Greenhouse, The Armoury, Little Mountain Sound, and Curryhouse Studio. Thaler recorded with Sarah McLachlan "(Arista Records)" on her follow-up to "Touch" , and performed with Ultramarine (Rough Trade/Sire), Mark Hasselbach (Smooth), and Ian McDougall (Concord)."

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:The Evolution of Blondie Boy.

paragraph: In 1993, Thaler began recording at Envy Music House & Ludlow Productions on music jingles for the Cartoon Network, Coca-Cola, McDonald's and ESPN, and performed in Latin-jazz group Conosur along with Manolo Badrena and Al Di Meola, and with Paul Simon/soukous artist Dominic Kanza. In 1994 Thaler recorded the east coast sessions for Arista Records artist Jonathan Robbins album "You Got Me", with drummers Jeff Porcaro and John Robinson tracking drums on the west coast sessions. Ron recorded drumset, percussion, and drum stool on the title track.

paragraph: As a touring drummer, studio drummer and multi-instrumentalist Thaler has appeared on 450+ recordings, having recorded and performed with Dweezil Zappa, DJ Logic, Bethany Joy Lenz, Taylor Dayne, Sophie B. Hawkins, Jonathan Robbins, Taj Mahal, Moby, Gwen Stefani, Simaku, John Legend, David Guetta, Rob Thomas, Alicia Keys, Ashlee Simpson, Mercedes Ferrer, Lizzy Mercier Descloux, Judie Tzuke, Yoko Ono, Diana Krall, Mike Stern, Rufus Reid, and Hiram Bullock. In 2004, producer Arif Mardin exclaimed "...Blondie Boy..." upon Ron's arrival to a recording session (in reference to Eli Wallach calling Clint Eastwood's gun-for-hire character "...Blondie..." in the movie "The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly"), and the professional name stuck.

paragraph: Thaler performed with Willie Nelson, Los Lonely Boys, Hank Williams Jr. and 5th Of July at Alltel Stadium during the 2005 Super Bowl in Jacksonville, Florida. In 2011, Thaler toured the USA with Anita Prime, Robbie Dupree, Joe Lynn Turner (Deep Purple) and members of Orleans as part of the 2011 All Star Rock Tour.

paragraph: Thaler has appeared on CTV's Canada AM, City TV's Out There with Melissa DiMarco, NBC TV's The Ellen DeGeneres Show, TV1 and TV3 New Zealand, Lounge Radio Budapest, Muzic 'N Me Radio (Australia), England's Hot 102.7, CBC TV, MTV and MuchMusic, and has been featured in Modern Drummer Magazine, JazzTimes, Jazziz, Talking Drums, France's L'Est Republicain, New York Times, Pulse Magazine, Canadian Musician Magazine, Batteur Magazine, Australia's DrumScene, Drums Etc., Le Délit Magazine, Rip It Up, Experience Hendrix Magazine, Drum!, NewsBeat, and others. Thaler was also featured in the hardcover book "Sticks "N Skins" about drummers from around the globe.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Producing career.

paragraph: Thaler is a multi Grammy-Award nominated producer and arranger, and is a credited songwriter on Kelly Saint Patrick's "In The Margins" (2009 Grammy ballot for Best New Artist, Best Female Pop Vocal, Producer of the Year), Project Grand Slam's "Play" (2009 Grammy for Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying a Vocalist, as well as nominations for Best Pop Instrumental Album and Producer of The Year), Jason Yudoff's "Tragic Hero" (2008 Grammy ballot for Best New Artist, Album of The Year, Producer of The Year), and also on Alicia Keys "No One" (2008 Double Grammy winner, #1 Billboard). Thaler credits his time working with producers Phil Ramone, Matt Knobel, Frank Fillipetti, Jerry Wexler, Bruce Fairbairn, and Arif Mardin for teaching him the art of music production, for helping him develop "sonic landscapes... (that are) equal parts analog confection and digital sweetening", and for what the New York Times calls "a virtuosity that touches great depth, eliciting that special emotion from listeners well beyond the mere consideration of technical mastery".

paragraph: In 2010, Thaler produced and co-wrote Anita Prime's "Destiny", Lewis Copeland "Roots" at Sony/Tree, Oh Hello's "One Trick Pony", and Heavy Road's "Everything Changed".

paragraph: In 2011 Thaler produced and co-wrote Anita Prime's single "Complicated" reaching #3 on Billboard, The Royal Canadians "Lonely Whale", a VIMA Album-of-the-Year nominee, Mahavishnu Redefined's "Timeless", and Isunray's "Balancing Act".

paragraph: In 2012, Thaler produced and co-wrote Gareth Barker's "Hello World", and Project Grand Slam's "Spring Dance" (Cakewalk Records).

paragraph: In 2013, Thaler produced Traum Diggs "Major Journalism" and Martin Rybak's "Live For The Day".

paragraph: In 2014, Thaler produced Darren Hodson & Southern Companion's "1000 Days Of Rain", Eran Phillips' "The Beatles Lullaby", and produced and co-wrote several songs on Robert Miller's "Twenty".

paragraph: In 2015, Thaler produced Secondhand Habit's "Chinese Whispers" (Blackstream/Sony), Mark Edwards "Hallelujah Chorus 2.0", Dorothy Melody's "Walk On Water", Nate Jolley's "Love Apocalypto", and contributed vocal production to Joey Clarkson's single "Loving You Is Breaking Me" (37 Records).

paragraph: In 2016 and 2017, Thaler produced The Run Dogs "The Run Dogs" (RD/MusicBus) as well as a version of Morrisey's "How Soon Is Now" with the band for an NBC/Universal film production, Yola Rage's "Sugar" (AMR/Warner), Andy Pratt's "It's Not The End Of The World" (Columbia Legacy), Kelly Saint Patrick's "Recover" (Willhemina/SBM), country star Amy Jack's "Don't Lose Your Soul Over It" (ESPN), and contributed to new tracks by Shy'm (Warner), Wyclef Jean (Universal), as well as Capcom's game platform "Dead Rising: 4".

paragraph: Thaler has also produced albums The Led Zep Project w/Dweezil Zappa's "Jazzed & Confused", Eric Hill's "Second Sight", Elimotion's "Elimotion 1", The True Story Band's "Grain" (EFA/JVC), Jeff Fiorello's "Jeff Fiorello", Nika Brightn's "Television", Amelia Terry's "Road Less Travelled", and others.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Lipstick Jungle.

paragraph: Thaler appeared on NBC TV's "Lipstick Jungle", a primetime series about New York City socialites with Brooke Shields, Andrew McCarty, Lindsey Price and Kim Raver. He played the drummer in character Shane Healy's (Paul Blackthorne) music band. Thaler had a speaking role as himself, and performed music from Project Grand Slam's "Play" (see "Producing Career") along with the band, who served as Shane's on-camera band. The show aired for two seasons before being cancelled in 2010.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Solo Projects.

paragraph: In 1994 Thaler began performing under his own name, showcasing his original compositions, and would record "...Works" (TP Records/OMD) with jazz musicians Ray Anderson, Hiram Bullock, Rick Margitza, Rufus Reid, Adam Rogers, and Oskar Cartaya. The group performed at The Montreal Jazz Festival, The Vancouver Jazz Festival, The Zebrock Festival, and other venues in Canada and France.

paragraph: In 1997 Thaler formed "The True Story Band", with jazz musicians Mike Stern, Chris Clark, Ron Bertolet and Jeff Carney. Thaler toured "The True Story Band" through Europe, Canada and the USA in support of the group's two releases, 1997's "Medium Rare Grounds" (TP/Factor) and 1998's "Grain" (EFA/JVC).

paragraph: In 2000 Thaler took to reworking the music of Led Zeppelin for an instrumental context. Thaler recorded "Jazzed & Confused: The Led Zep Project" (TP) in 2001. The album includes Led Zeppelin compositions "Kashmir", "Whole Lotta Love", "The Rain Song", "The Ocean", and "Dazed & Confused", and 25 musicians including guitarists Mike Stern and Dweezil Zappa, violinist Miri Ben Ari, turntablist DJ Logic, harmonica player Hendrik Meurkens, trombonist Dave Panichi, trumpeter Vinny Cutro, and flamenco vocalist and dancers Amparo and Racquel Heredia. The album is produced by Thaler and Goo Goo Dolls/Maroon 5 alumnus Michael Landolt.

paragraph: In 2008, Thaler formed the experimental music group Elimotion, with bassist Matt Garrison, turntablist DJ Logic and guitarist Elijah Steele. The group's first release, "Elimotion 1", was recorded at Manhattan Center Studios NYC, and released in 2014.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Seminars, Clinics & Masterclasses.

paragraph: Thaler is a frequent lecturer at international music industry, synchronization, and AR/VR conferences discussing topics such as music economics, networking, industry contracts and content synchronization issues. He has been a keynote speaker at: E3, Sync Summit (New York, Los Angeles, Paris, Barcelona, Prague), Future Music Forum, South By Southwest, CMW, NAMM, BOMM, BAM, at university institutions including The Collective NYC (where he is also an artist-in-residence/visiting faculty member), Music Academy International (France), Haberiana University (Bogota), Manhattan School of Music, The New School, UVIC, UBC, McGill University, The Sorbonne, Mainz Music College, SAE College, and Prime Music Academy in New Zealand.

paragraph: Thaler has also delivered 500+ drumming clinics, seminars and educational workshops internationally. He has shared festival stages with leading drum figures Dennis Chambers, Steve Smith, Virgil Donati, Thomas Lang, Giovanni Hidalgo, Johnny Rabb, Mike Portnoy, John Blackwell, Horacio "El Negro" Hernandez, Anton Fig, Ignacio Berroa, Jojo Mayer, Jimmy Degrasso, and Vera Figueiredo. He has performed at The 1996 Montreal DrumFest, The 2003 TUDW Ultimate Drummers Weekend International Drum Festival (Australia), The 2004 KOSA Drum Festival (solo performance and trio performance with drummers Johnny Rabb and Steve Smith), The 2006 Fort Myers Drum Festival, The 2010 Victoria International Drum Festival, The 2010 National Association of Music Manufacturers (NAMM) International Music Fair, The MIDEM Music Conference in Cannes France, The 2011 CMW Music Conference in Toronto Canada, The 1998 Music West International Music Conference in Vancouver, The 2004 Paris Zebrock Music Festival, at Drummer's Collective New York City, Music Academy International (France), University of Victoria, University of British Columbia, Music Arts Academy (Geneva, Switzerland), SAE College (Auckland, New Zealand), Prime Music Academy (Wellington, New Zealand), and others. Thaler has been featured on Drumeo TV, and on four segments for the Daddario/Evans Educational Webcast Series.

paragraph: In 1998, Thaler released an instructional drumming video called "Phraseology And Individuality On The Drumset". The video was voted one of the "Top 25 Must-Have Instructional Drumming Videos of All Time" by readers of France's "Batteur Magazine" in 2007.

paragraph: In 2015, Thaler was invited to The Collective music school in New York City as an "Artist-In-Residence", where he is a visiting professor of Studio Drumming, Music Production, and Music Business & Industry.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Film & Television.

paragraph: Thaler has participated on Film and TV projects as a soundtrack composer, music supervisor and sound-design content developer. In 1993, Ron teamed up with Envy Productions on music jingles for "The Cartoon Network", "Coca-Cola", "McDonald's", "ESPN", "MTV", and "Bravo". In 1994, Thaler created music production/publishing company RT Type Music & RT Type Publishing (RTTM), and secured music placements for his compositions and those of production clients on internationally syndicated TV programs including "The OC" (Fox), "One Tree Hill" (WB), "Lipstick Jungle" (NBC), "Rodzinka" (PLN), "Laguna Beach" (MTV), "Sweet Sixteen" (MTV) and "Auckland Daze" (TVNZ). Thaler has composed music for films "Tilt", "Sex Chronicles", "Monster-In-Law", "Three Vignettes", "La Tropical," "Bright", "All Summer Long", and "Contact". Thaler continues to be active in music licensing and synchronization, through his three firms RT Type Music (Canada), Soda Box Music LLC (offices in New York USA and Florence Italy), and Concorde Music Agency SAS based in Bogota Colombia, with placements on The History Channel, Spike TV, TLC, Discovery, BRAVO, NatGeo, MSNBC, PBS, FOX, The WB, The Travel Channel, E! Entertainment, Vice TV, NBC, Telemundo, Style Network, Animal Planet, Jergens, Six Flags, Bell Canada, MSG Sports, Logitech, The Nashville Predators (NHL), Barclay's Premier Football League (EPL), The New York Knicks (NBA), Pawn Stars, American Pickers, Toddlers and Tiaras, Real Housewives of Miami, Gator Boys, Alaska Wingmen, and Canada AM. Thaler has contributed executive production, logistics planning and storyboarding to music videos of several production clients, including Anita Prime's "Serenade", "La La La", "Destiny" and "Live At Galatos" DVD, Kelly Saint Patrick's "Shame On You", Gareth Barker's "Making of Hello World", and Traum Diggs' "Off The Floor".

paragraph: Section::::Equipment.

paragraph: Acoustic drums:

paragraph: PEARL MASTERS MAHOGANNY CLASSIC LIMITED EDITION

paragraph: BULLET::::- 16"x20" Bass Drum

paragraph: BULLET::::- 12"x14" Tom Tom

paragraph: BULLET::::- 8"x8" Tom Tom

paragraph: BULLET::::- 10"x10" Tom Tom

paragraph: BULLET::::- 10"x12" Tom Tom

paragraph: BULLET::::- 11"x13" Tom Tom

paragraph: BULLET::::- 5"x14" Wood Snare or Brass Snare

paragraph: Cymbals:

paragraph: SABIAN

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chinese: 16" HH China, 8" Pro China Splash, under 8" HH China Kang Brilliant, 12" AAX Mini China Brilliant

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hihat: 13" AAX Studio Hihats Brilliant, 8" HH Splash, 13" AAX Stage Hihats

paragraph: BULLET::::- Crash: 14" AAX Studio Crash Brilliant, 14" AAX Dark Crash, 15" AAX Studio Crash Brilliant

paragraph: BULLET::::- Splash: 6" HH Splash Brilliant, 8" HH Splash Brilliant, 8" AA China Splash Brilliant

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ride: 20" AAX Dry Ride or 21" Calhoun Ride

paragraph: BULLET::::- Effects Cymbals: 8" CD Cymbal Disc, 10" Glennie's Garbage, 10" Calhoun Alien Disc, 7"/8"/9" Radia Cymbals

paragraph: Drumsticks:

paragraph: VIC FIRTH

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ron Thaler Signature model

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ron Thaler Pearl Drums Profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ron Thaler Profile at Pintech

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ron Thaler Profile at Pure Sound Percussion

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ron Thaler Profile at Dualist Drum Pedals

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ron Thaler Profile at Sabian Cymbals

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ron Thaler Profile on D'addario/Evans Drumheads

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ron Thaler Profile at Drummerworld online database

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ron interviewed on New Zealand's TV3 "Nightline"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Muzic in Me (Australia) radio interview

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ron Thaler: Drums Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ron Thaler: Record Producer Website

description: musician

wikidata_label: Ron Thaler

wikipedia_title: Ron Thaler


text: Ludwig III, Elector Palatine

text: Ludwig I, Count of Württemberg-Urach

text: Archduke Albert VI of Austria

text: Rottenburg am Neckar

text: Gonzaga family

text: Barbara Gonzaga

text: University of Freiburg

text: University of Tübingen

categories: 1482 deaths,1418 births,University of Freiburg,German bibliophiles,University of Tübingen,German princesses

paragraph: Mechthild of the Palatinate

paragraph: Mechthild of the Palatinate (1418–1482) was a princess and major patroness of the literary arts in the 15th century.

paragraph: Born to Ludwig III, Elector Palatine, she was married by the age of 15 to Ludwig I, Count of Württemberg-Urach. Five children came out of the marriage, but by age 31 she became a widow. She was remarried two years later to the Archduke Albert VI of Austria. After he died in 1463, she retired to her court at Rottenburg am Neckar. This court became a center of flourishing literary culture up until her death.

paragraph: Some of the literary artists who she supported showed their appreciation for her through the dedication of literary works. After their initial meeting in 1460, Niklas van Wyle dedicated four of his translations to her.

paragraph: Amongst many things, she was also known as a bibliophile. Jakob Püterich von Reichertshausen wrote a poem for her called "Letter of Honor". In the poem, he lists and compares all the books that he and she had collected in their individual libraries. She had sent him a list of 94 of her books in advance of this poems creation for his use. Many of those in her possession, he had not even heard of before.

paragraph: In collaboration with her son, Count Eberhard the Bearded of Württemberg, who was married to an Italian princess of the Gonzaga family, Barbara Gonzaga, she founded the University of Freiburg in Breisgau in 1457. She later co-founded the humanistic University of Tübingen in 1477.

paragraph: She died on 22 August 1482 and was buried at the Charterhouse of Güterstein.

wikidata_label: Mechthild of the Palatinate

wikipedia_title: Mechthild of the Palatinate


text:
French
Porsche 911
24 Hours of Daytona
Porsche 935
Preston Henn
24 Hours of Le Mans
NASCAR
Winston Cup
Talladega Superspeedway
Daytona International Speedway
Atlanta Motor Speedway

categories: 1999 deaths,24 Hours of Spa drivers,NASCAR drivers,24 Hours of Le Mans drivers,French racing drivers,Sportspeople from Paris,1936 births,24 Hours of Daytona drivers

paragraph: Claude Ballot-Léna

paragraph: Claude Ballot-Léna (August 4, 1936 – November 9, 1999) was a French race driver born in Paris.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He won the 1969 Spa 24 Hours in a Porsche 911 and the 1983 24 Hours of Daytona in a Porsche 935 Turbo owned by Preston Henn. He also entered the 24 Hours of Le Mans many times from 1966 until the 1980s. Ballot-Léna was also one of the earliest European NASCAR drivers when he made six Winston Cup starts in 1978 to 1979 at Talladega Superspeedway, Daytona International Speedway, and Atlanta Motor Speedway.

description: racecar driver

wikidata_label: Claude Ballot-Léna

wikipedia_title: Claude Ballot-Léna


text: potter

text: lacquerer

text: calligrapher

text: Rinpa school

text: Time Asia

text: Benvenuto Cellini

text: Tokugawa Ieyasu

text: Oda Nobunaga

text: Sengoku period

text: Ashikaga Yoshimasa

text: Maeda family

text: Kaga Province

text: Kobori Enshū

text: Nō

text: Kanze family

text: lacquer

text: Japanese tea ceremony

text: Sen no Rikyū

text: Furuta Oribe

text: Raku ware

text: Heian period

text: Prince Sonchō

text: Wang Xizhi

text: Konoe Nobutada

text: Shōkadō Shōjō

text: Sanpitsu

text: Kan'ei Era

text: Tawaraya Sōtatsu

text: gold leaf

text: Nichiren Buddhism

text: Hayashi Razan

text: Ernest Fenollosa

categories: Japanese potters,17th-century Japanese people,16th-century Japanese artists,1558 births,1637 deaths,17th-century Japanese artists,Rinpa school,17th-century Japanese calligraphers,16th-century Japanese people,People from Kyoto

paragraph: Hon'ami Kōetsu

paragraph: Hon'ami Kōetsu (; 1558 – 27 February 1637) was a Japanese craftsman, potter, lacquerer, and calligrapher, whose work is generally considered to have inspired the founding of the Rinpa school of painting.

paragraph: Robert Hughes of "Time Asia" wrote that in Japan he Kōetsu is "a national treasure several times over about as famous there as Benvenuto Cellini is in the West", even though in the United States he is "scarcely known".

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Kōetsu was born into a family of sword polishers and connoisseurs who had served the Imperial court as well as the likes of Tokugawa Ieyasu and Oda Nobunaga, major warlords of the Sengoku period (1467–1603). His grandfather was counted as one of the "companions and advisors" (同朋衆, "dōbōshū") of Shōgun Ashikaga Yoshimasa. Kōetsu's father, Hon'ami Kōji (d. 1603), received a regular stipend from the Maeda family, in payment for his services as a sword connoisseur. Kōetsu would continue this relationship of his family with that of the Maeda, and with their domain in Kaga Province; he would advise the Maeda on swords, paintings, and other art objects. Kōetsu would meet many members of the art community through his connections with the Maeda, including tea master Kobori Enshū.

paragraph: Kōetsu would also develop a close relationship with the Nō theater, and with the Kanze family of actors who lived near the Hon'ami family compound in northern Kyoto. He may have performed in Nō productions as a chanter, and designed a number of works for use by the actors or the theater.

paragraph: Section::::Skills.

paragraph: Although trained as a swordpolisher (not a "swordsmith" in the standard Western sense; in Japan the tasks of forging and finishing a blade are performed by different craftsmen), Hon'ami became accomplished in pottery, lacquer, and ceramics as a result of his interest in Japanese tea ceremony, which had been revived and refined only a few decades earlier by Sen no Rikyū. In this art, he is regarded as one of the top pupils of the tea master Furuta Oribe and of the style known as Raku ware. Koetsu was given clay by Donyu II, the grandson of the first Raku potter, Chōjirō I. Even though Kōetsu form was inspired by the Raku family tradition, he was such a great artist he added his own character to his tea bowls. One of these (called "Fuji-san") is designated a National Treasure. In all of Kōetsu's surviving correspondence, only one letter in fact concerns swords. He is believed to have passed on his professional obligations in this matter to his adopted son Kōsa and grandson Kōho.

paragraph: He was also one of the greatest calligraphers of his period, inspired as many of Japan's greatest calligraphers were, by the court writings of the Heian period. He was taught in this field by Prince Sonchō, who is said to have taught him the style of the famous classical Chinese calligrapher Wang Xizhi. He produced a wide variety of works, all in a flowing cursive style that recalled those classical traditions. Along with Konoe Nobutada and Shōkadō Shōjō, he came to be known as one of the Three Brushes or Sanpitsu of the Kan'ei Era (寛永の三筆, "kan'ei no sanpitsu"). Though he created a number of works in this classical style, Kōetsu also developed his own personal style of calligraphy, and taught it to many of his students.

paragraph: Lacquer was yet another field in which Kōetsu was innovative and very active. Though earlier works attributed to him are quite conservative, towards the end of the 16th century and beginning of the 17th, he began to employ a number of innovative techniques. He specialized in designs using tin, lead and other base metals, along with gold and mother-of-pearl.

paragraph: Section::::Collaborations.

paragraph: Hon'ami entertained a close relationship with the painter Tawaraya Sōtatsu, who is supposed to have decorated many of Hon'ami calligraphic works in gold leaf and paint. The two worked very closely for about fifteen years after the turn of the 17th century, and some scholars believe the two artists were related by marriage. Sōtatsu was a major member of the Rinpa school, and his paintings most likely reflect some degree of Hon'ami's influence and style.

paragraph: Section::::Artist community.

paragraph: In 1615, Hon'ami began an artist community northwest of Kyoto, in a place called Takagamine granted him by Tokugawa Ieyasu. Scholars disagree on whether this community was more focused on art or on religion, specifically Nichiren Buddhism, and whether this land grant was generous, or a form of exile. Nevertheless, it was here that Hon'ami would develop his unique style of painting and design which would later develop into the Rinpa school. The retreat was called Taikyo-an, and was used for prayer meetings and meditation, in addition to its function as an artist colony. A number of important figures, including the historian Hayashi Razan, visited there towards the end of Kōetsu's life. After his death in 1637, the colony was disbanded and the land returned to the shogunate by Hon'ami Kōho, Kōetsu's grandson.

paragraph: Section::::Collectors.

paragraph: Ernest Fenollosa, one of the first American collectors and critics of Japanese art, is quoted as writing that Hon'ami is the only artist of what Fenollosa called the Early Modern period worthy of being compared to the earlier masters.

paragraph: Koetsu Honami was portrayed and made reference to in Inagaki Hiroshi's film , about the life of Miyamoto Musashi.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fister, Pat (1985). "Hon'ami Kōetsu." Kodansha Encyclopedia of Japan. Tokyo: Kodansha Ltd.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fisher, Felice (2000). The Arts of Hon'ami Koetsu, Japanese Renaissance Master. Philadelphia Museum of Art.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Momoyama, Japanese Art in the Age of Grandeur, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Honami Kōetsu

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bridge of dreams: the Mary Griggs Burke collection of Japanese art, a catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Honami Kōetsu (see index)

alias:
Honami Koetsu
Honami Kouetsu

description: Japanese artisan

wikidata_label: Honami Kōetsu

wikipedia_title: Hon'ami Kōetsu


text: Rountzenheim

text: Bas-Rhin

text: Strasbourg

text: Florence

text: Paris

text: Eustache Deschamps

text: Gustav Gröber

text: Guillaume de Machaut

text: Old French

text: Old Provencal

text: Leo Wiese

text: University of Jena

text: University of Strasbourg

text: Clermont-Ferrand

text: Paul Imbs

text: Guillaume de Machaut

categories: University of Strasbourg faculty,People from Bas-Rhin,1956 deaths,University of Jena faculty,Members of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres,1879 births

paragraph: Ernst Hoepffner

paragraph: Ernst Hoepffner (1879–1956) was a French scholar of medieval literature.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Hoepffner was born in Rountzenheim ( Bas-Rhin, on 14 November 1879. He hailed from a family of Protestant pastors, and studied in Strasbourg, Florence, and Paris. He received his doctorate in 1903, with a dissertation on Eustache Deschamps, written under Gustav Gröber; "Eustache Deschamps: Leben und Wirke" was published in Strasbourg, 1904, and reprinted in Geneva, 1974. His "habilitation" followed in 1906, on Guillaume de Machaut. From 1911 he tutored Old French and Old Provencal in Strasbourg. In 1911 he took over Leo Wiese's chair at the University of Jena, where he taught until 1918. From 1919 to 1948 he held the chair for Romance philology at the University of Strasbourg, and was part of the exodus to Clermont-Ferrand in 1943; the razzia there of November 1943 landed him in the Gestapo jail for a few nights. In 1939 he became a non-resident member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres. Paul Imbs was one of his students. He died 16 October 1956.

paragraph: Among his publications are a three-volume edition (1908-1921) of the works of Guillaume de Machaut. From 1912 to 1919 he edited the "Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie", and he edited the journal "Romania".

description: French university teacher (1879-1956)

wikidata_label: Ernest Hoepffner

wikipedia_title: Ernst Hoepffner


text:
Guernsey
electronic music
Lovesick
self-titled debut album
Best Dance/Electronic Album
Best Recording Package
60th Annual Grammy Awards
Haim
Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical
61st Annual Grammy Awards
Guernsey
punk
hardcore
deathcore
gospel
YouTube
Hudson Mohawke
James Blake
Cashmere Cat
SBTRKT
Gorillaz
The Smiths
Ableton Live
Soundcloud
Muramasa Sengo
Soundcloud
BBC Radio 1
Zane Lowe
Annie Mac
Huw Stephens
Phil Taggart
University of Sussex
SoundCloud
Polydor Records
Interscope Records
BBC Radio 1
Denai Moore
BBC Radio 1
Diplo
Sound of...
Love$ick
ASAP Rocky
Downtown
Interscope Records
Stormzy
Gang Signs & Prayer
UK Albums Chart
Charli XCX
self-titled
Mura Masa
Polydor
Interscope
Downtown
Anchor Point Records
A. K. Paul
ASAP Rocky
Charli XCX
Christine and the Queens
Damon Albarn
Desiigner
Jamie Lidell
NAO
UK Albums Chart
"Billboard" 200
Best Dance/Electronic Album
Best Recording Package
60th Annual Grammy Awards
Nile Rodgers
Chic
Cosha
Vic Mensa
Nao
Haim
Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical
61st Annual Grammy Awards
Mura Masa

categories: British electronic musicians,Future bass musicians,British DJs,1996 births,Living people,British record producers

paragraph: Mura Masa

paragraph: Alex Crossan (born 5 April 1996), also known by the stage name Mura Masa, is a Guernsey-born electronic music producer, songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. Crossan is perhaps best known for his song "Lovesick", which reached number one on the Spotify Viral charts in the United Kingdom and the United States.

paragraph: Crossan's self-titled debut album was nominated for Best Dance/Electronic Album and Best Recording Package at the 60th Annual Grammy Awards, making him the first artist to be nominated as both a musician and creative director for the same album. His remix of Haim's "Walking Away" won Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Crossan was born and raised in Guernsey. After playing guitar, bass, drums and singing in local punk, hardcore, deathcore and gospel bands, Crossan started self-producing at the age of 15, "searching for samples on YouTube and other corners of the internet". He entered the electronic music scene after learning about Hudson Mohawke and streamed music via YouTube, where he discovered James Blake, Cashmere Cat and SBTRKT. Crossan's influences, including Gorillaz and The Smiths, inspired him to write music and learn to play different instruments. At 16, Crossan started to make electronic songs using Ableton Live, and uploaded them to Soundcloud the following year under the alias Mura Masa, taken from Japanese sword-smith Muramasa Sengo.

paragraph: At 17, Crossan uploaded his first tracks, remixes and bootlegs to Soundcloud. The track "Lotus Eater" was picked up by BBC Radio 1 with Zane Lowe, Annie Mac, Huw Stephens and Phil Taggart all playing the song on their shows. After leaving Guernsey to study English Literature at University of Sussex in Brighton, Crossan began playing his music live, with sold-out shows at the Green Door Store in Brighton and Electrowerkz in London. Crossan started his career by posting a mixtape called "Soundtrack to a Death" to SoundCloud in 2014. The mixtape was subsequently distributed globally by German label Jakarta Records.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.:"Someday Somewhere": 2015–2016.

paragraph: Crossan signed to his own label Anchor Point Records in 2015, in partnership with Polydor Records and Interscope Records who distribute in the UK and in North America respectively. As well as Mura Masa records, the label has released music by Dublin artist Bonzai. and post-music duo Jadu Heart.

paragraph: In April 2015, he released his debut EP "Someday Somewhere", with lead track "Firefly" being chosen for the In New Music We Trust playlist at BBC Radio 1. Released via Anchor Point, the EP featured UK vocalists Nao, Denai Moore and Jay Prince. The track "Lovesick" from the EP reached number 1 on the Spotify viral charts in the UK and USA. On 27 April 2015 he broadcast a 60-minute mix on the BBC Radio 1 show Diplo and Friends Alex was long-listed for the 'BBC Sound of... 2016' in December 2015, and placed 5th overall in the shortlist in January 2016.

paragraph: On 15 March 2016, he unveiled the second single "What If I Go?" from his upcoming album. On 30 September 2016, he released his collaborative single titled "Love$ick" featuring American rapper ASAP Rocky via Anchor Point and Downtown/Interscope Records. The song is a newer version of Masa's 2015 single "Lovesick Fuck". Crossan said he arranged a meeting to discuss the collaboration with Rocky when he happened to be in London for several days. An official music video for the song was published on 3 November 2016 by Mura Masa's VEVO channel on YouTube.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.:"Mura Masa": 2017–present.

paragraph: Crossan co-wrote the track "First Things First" on Stormzy's "Gang Signs & Prayer", which entered the UK Albums Chart at number 1 on 3 March 2017. The track also entered the singles chart at number 25. On 17 March 2017, he released "1 Night", a collaboration with Charli XCX. Speaking about the collaboration, he said "I think I just had that beat lying around for a while and we sent it to a couple of people. Then Charli just did her thing".

paragraph: Crossan released his debut album self-titled debut studio album, "Mura Masa" on 14 July 2017. It was released on 14 July 2017 by Polydor, Interscope, Downtown and Anchor Point Records. The album was produced and recorded from 2014 to 2016, and has guest features by A. K. Paul, ASAP Rocky, Bonzai, Charli XCX, Christine and the Queens, Damon Albarn, Desiigner, Jamie Lidell, NAO and Tom Tripp. Upon release, it received positive reviews by critics, and debuted at number 19 on the UK Albums Chart and at 192 on the US "Billboard" 200. The album received nominations for Best Dance/Electronic Album and Best Recording Package at the 60th Annual Grammy Awards.

paragraph: In June, Crossan worked with Nile Rodgers-organised collective Chic on the band's comeback double-album, entitled "It's About Time". He featured alongside Cosha and Vic Mensa on the comeback single "Till the World Falls", which was released on 22 June 2018. Before that, 12 June 2018, the band also premiered another song from the album "Boogie All Night", which features Crossan, alongside working affiliate Nao. Crossan's remix of Haim's "Walking Away" won Best Remixed Recording, Non-Classical at the 61st Annual Grammy Awards on 10 February 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mura Masa" (2017)

alias:
Alex Crossan
Alexander Crossan

description: musician and producer

wikidata_label: Mura Masa

wikipedia_title: Mura Masa


text: Mexican

text: physicist

text: MIT

text: Mexico City

text: Ignacio Vallarta

text: Guggenheim Fellowship

text: Berlin

text: Leipzig

text: Albert Einstein

text: Max Planck

text: Erwin Schrödinger

text: Werner Heisenberg

text: Richard Feynman

text: Physical Review

text: cosmic rays

text: Georges Lemaître

text: Belgian

text: UNAM

text: Luis Alvarez

text: Arthur Compton

text: proton

text: MIT Physics Department

categories: Legion of Honour recipients,1899 births,Members of El Colegio Nacional,Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty,National Autonomous University of Mexico faculty,Mexican physicists,Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni,1977 deaths

paragraph: Manuel Sandoval Vallarta

paragraph: Manuel Sandoval Vallarta (11 February 1899 – 18 April 1977) was a Mexican physicist. He was a Physics professor at both MIT and the Institute of Physics at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Sandoval Vallarta was born in Mexico City into a family that descended from Ignacio Vallarta, a prominent liberal leader during the War of Reform. He received his B.S. in physics from MIT in 1921; in 1924, MIT awarded him his Ph.D. He joined MIT's physics faculty in 1923, eventually rising to the rank of full professor. In 1927, Vallarta received a two-year Guggenheim Fellowship to study physics in Germany. The Universities of Berlin and Leipzig hosted him, and he was able to learn from Albert Einstein, Max Planck, Erwin Schrödinger, and Werner Heisenberg.

paragraph: While at MIT, Vallarta was a mentor to Richard Feynman and Julius Stratton. In fact, he was the co-author of Feynman's first scientific publication, a letter to Physical Review concerning the scattering of cosmic rays. This led to an interesting Feynman story:

paragraph: Vallarta let his student in on a secret of mentor-protégé publishing: the senior scientist's name comes first. Feynman had his revenge a few years later, when Heisenberg concluded an entire book in cosmic rays with the phrase: "such an effect is not to be expected according to Vallarta and Feynman." When they next met, Feynman asked gleefully whether Vallarta had seen Heisenberg's book. Vallarta knew why Feynman was grinning. "Yes," he replied. "You're the last word in cosmic rays."

paragraph: With Georges Lemaître, a Belgian physicist and churchman, Vallarta discovered that the intensity of cosmic rays varied with latitude because these charged particles are interacting with the Earth's magnetic field. They also worked on a theory of primary cosmic radiation and applied it to their investigations of the sun's magnetic field and the effects of the galaxy's rotation.

paragraph: From 1943 to 1946, he divided his time between MIT and UNAM. By 1946, he chose to remain with UNAM full-time.

paragraph: While at UNAM, he worked with Luis Alvarez and Arthur Compton on experiments to show that cosmic rays were composed of protons.

paragraph: Later in life, Vallarta became involved in administration. In 1946, he became a member of the governing board of UNAM, and was director of the National Polytechnic Institute from 1944 to 1947. He served on and led a number of commissions for the Mexican government, mostly relating to science policy, and represented his country at numerous international conferences.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- MIT Physics Department

description: Mexican physicist

wikidata_label: Manuel Sandoval Vallarta

wikipedia_title: Manuel Sandoval Vallarta


text:
hip-hop
producer
St. Louis, Missouri
Wiz Khalifa
Schoolboy Q
Juicy J
Flo Rida
The Audibles
Fetty Wap
Blacc Hollywood
Hazelwood West High School
Instagram

wikipedia_title:
Hip hop music
Record producer
St. Louis
Wiz Khalifa
Schoolboy Q
Juicy J
Flo Rida
The Audibles
Fetty Wap
Blacc Hollywood
Hazelwood West High School
Instagram

categories: African-American businesspeople,African-American record producers,American hip hop record producers,Musicians from St. Louis,1993 births,Living people

paragraph: JayFrance

paragraph: Javin France (born February 23, 1993), professionally known as JayFrance, is an American hip-hop and R&B producer from St. Louis, Missouri. He has produced for artists such as Wiz Khalifa, TrackBoyz, Schoolboy Q, Juicy J, Flo Rida, The Audibles, Fetty Wap among others. He was nominated for a grammy for best rap album for Wiz Khalifa's 5th studio album titled Blacc Hollywood. He's formally known and credited as "Micah J Foxx". He decided to change his production name to JayFrance to touch more on his birth name.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.

paragraph: JayFrance first started experimenting with music as a student at Hazelwood West High School. His first major production hit came with Atlantic recording artist Fetty Wap's “My Way” in 2015. It also featured rapper Drake on the remix. The song reached #7 on the Billboard Hot 100 and attained the widespread attention for the first time. Following its release to digital retailers, “My Way” jumped 80 positions from 87 to number 7, fueled by 152,000 first-week sales and 6.6 million domestic streams.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- JayFrance on Instagram

alias:
Micah J Foxx
Javin France
Jay France
JF
J F
J.F
J. F.

description: American musician

wikidata_label: JayFrance

wikipedia_title: JayFrance


text:
American football
running back
National Football League
Washington Redskins
undrafted free agent
college football
Penn State
Cincinnati Bengals
Harrisburg High School
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
letterman
football
basketball
track
All-America
Associated Press
touchdown
1996 Big 33 game
Penn State
tailback
wide receiver
kick returner
NFLers
Larry Johnson
Omar Easy
Eric McCoo
2007
A. J. Wallace
Washington Redskins
rookie
free agent
Stephen Davis
touchdown
Cincinnati Bengals
running backs
touchdown
quarterback
Carson Palmer's
touchdown
New York Jets
biceps
injured reserve
Rudi Johnson
Kenny Irons
New York Jets
Cleveland Browns
wide receiver
Chris Henry
charitable causes
Boys and Girls Clubs of America
Toys for Tots
C.A.R.E.S.
autism
Bachelor of Arts
Penn State

categories: 1978 births,Washington Redskins players,African-American players of American football,American football return specialists,Penn State Nittany Lions football players,Sportspeople from Harrisburg, Pennsylvania,Players of American football from Pennsylvania,American football running backs,Living people

paragraph: Kenny Watson

paragraph: Kenneth Dwight Watson (born March 13, 1978) is a former American football running back in the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the Washington Redskins as an undrafted free agent in 2001. He played college football at Penn State.

paragraph: Watson also played for the Cincinnati Bengals.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Watson attended Harrisburg High School in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania and was a letterman in football, basketball, and track. In football, he was a prep All-American and an Associated Press all-state pick in 1995. In his senior season, he ran for 1,495 yards and 23 touchdowns. After his senior football season, he participated in the 1996 Big 33 game.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Watson was a multi-purpose player at Penn State, playing tailback, wide receiver and kick returner. He was part of the Penn State's infamous "running back by committee" during his senior season, sharing carries with future NFLers Larry Johnson, Omar Easy, and Eric McCoo. He holds two Penn State records: career kickoff returns (67) and career kickoff yardage (1,506 yards). His record for single-season kickoff yardage (522 yards) was broken in 2007 by A. J. Wallace with 581 yards.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Washington Redskins.

paragraph: Watson signed with the Washington Redskins in 2001 as rookie free agent. In 2002, he played in all 16 games for the Redskins, mostly in relief of injured Stephen Davis, finishing second on the team in rushing with 116 carries for 534 yards and a pair of touchdowns. He spent the 2003 preseason with Washington, but was released in final roster cuts on August 31.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Cincinnati Bengals.

paragraph: Watson then signed with the Cincinnati Bengals as a free agent on September 30, 2004 and played in eight games, mostly on special teams that season.

paragraph: By the 2004 season, Watson had found his niche as an effective 3rd-down threat. He led Bengals running backs in receiving with 24 catches for 162 yards. His lone touchdown that season was quarterback Carson Palmer's first career touchdown pass on September 12 versus the New York Jets. Watson suffered a season-ending biceps injury in the 2005 season opener and was placed on injured reserve for the remainder of the season. He signed a one-year contract with the Bengals during the 2006 offseason and extended his contract three more years in March 2007.

paragraph: Watson saw significant playing time in 2007 due to injuries to starters Rudi Johnson and Kenny Irons. Watson led the NFL in rushing, week 7 versus the New York Jets, with three touchdowns and 130 yards on 31 carries.

paragraph: In 2008, Watson saw action in the Bengals' first three regular season games, rushing seven times for 32 yards and catching two passes for three yards. He was inactive during Week 4 against the Cleveland Browns. The following week, the Bengals released Watson on October 4 to make room for wide receiver Chris Henry, who was coming off suspension. He was re-signed on October 7.

paragraph: Watson was released by the Bengals on August 10, 2009.

paragraph: Section::::Personal.

paragraph: Watson lives in Northern Kentucky with his two children. His wife passed away on January 10th, 2019 of unknown causes. He is active with charitable causes such as Boys and Girls Clubs of America, Toys for Tots and the C.A.R.E.S. program for autism. He earned a Bachelor of Arts in Integrative Arts from Penn State in 2000.

description: gridiron football player

wikidata_label: Kenny Watson

wikipedia_title: Kenny Watson


text:
Tieffenbrucker
Füssen
Lyon
violin
viol
Jean-Baptiste Vuillaume
lute
Abstract and index
Gaspard Duiffopruggar

paragraph: Gasparo Duiffopruggar

paragraph: Gasparo Duiffopruggar (1514 – ) was an instrument maker. His originally German family name was also spelled Tieffenbrucker, Tiefenbrugger, Tiefenbrucker, Teufenbrugger, Tuiffenbrugger, Deuffenbrugger, Dieffopruchar, Dieffoprughar, Duyfautbrocard, Duiffopruggar, Duiffoprugcar, Dubrocard, Dieffoprukhar, Diafopruchar, Thiphobrucar, Fraburgadi, his first name also Kaspar, Caspar or Gaspard. Duiffopruggar is believed to have been born near Füssen in Bavaria, Germany, and had moved to Lyon, France, where he did most of his work, by 1553. He was one of the first to produce the violin in its modern form.

paragraph: Duiffopruggar instruments are rare and tend to be of the viol family. Most instruments bearing his labels are imagined reproductions of his instruments. The best examples come from the workshop of the Parisian violin-maker, Jean-Baptiste Vuillaume. They were made for Vuillaume by Honoré Derazey (1794–1883) and sold to the public to supply the demand for older instruments. These instruments can be distinguished from the originals, however, by discrepancies in the labels of the violin, and more importantly, the workmanship and type of the instrument.

paragraph: Because no violin has ever been actually discovered to have been made by Tieffenbrucker, the current belief is that "Duiffopruggar" never actually made any violins, but rather that he made almost only lutes and sold different instruments of other makers, and his name was used to sell a brand of commercial instruments made for Vuillaume.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Farga, Franz, "Violins & Violinists". Trans. Egon Larson with Bruno Raikin. New York: Frederick A. Prager, 1969.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Tieffenbrucker family and its collaborators", ch. XVI in "Viol and Lute Makers of Venice 1490–1630" by Stefano Pio (2012), Ed. Venice Research, . Abstract and index

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Encyclopedia Smithsonian, Gaspard Duiffopruggar

description: German luthier

wikidata_label: Gasparo Duiffopruggar

wikipedia_title: Gasparo Duiffopruggar


text:
cross-country skier
women's 15 kilometre skiathlon
2018 Winter Olympics

categories: Polish female cross-country skiers,Olympic cross-country skiers of Poland,Sportspeople from Zakopane,1989 births,Living people,Cross-country skiers at the 2018 Winter Olympics

paragraph: Martyna Galewicz

paragraph: Martyna Galewicz (born 29 January 1989) is a Polish cross-country skier. She competed in the women's 15 kilometre skiathlon at the 2018 Winter Olympics.

description: Polish sportsperson

wikidata_label: Martyna Galewicz

wikipedia_title: Martyna Galewicz


text:
cross-country skier
women's 15 kilometre skiathlon
2018 Winter Olympics
International Ski Federation (FIS)

categories: Olympic cross-country skiers of Italy,Italian female cross-country skiers,1997 births,Place of birth missing (living people),Living people,Cross-country skiers at the 2018 Winter Olympics

paragraph: Anna Comarella

paragraph: Anna Comarella (born 12 March 1997) is an Italian cross-country skier. She competed in the women's 15 kilometre skiathlon at the 2018 Winter Olympics.

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.

paragraph: All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

description: Italian cross-country skier

wikidata_label: Anna Comarella

wikipedia_title: Anna Comarella


text:
Duke of Chaulnes
Michel Ferdinand d'Albert d'Ailly
chemist
French aristocrat
Picquigny
Fellow of the Royal Society
colonel
natural sciences
carbon dioxide
beer
crystallize
alkalis
ammonia
valet
hieroglyphs
Academy of Sciences
Beaumarchais
Château de Vincennes

categories: House of Albert,1741 births,Fellows of the Royal Society,French chemists,Dukes of Chaulnes,1792 deaths

paragraph: Louis Joseph d'Albert d'Ailly

paragraph: Louis Joseph d'Albert d'Ailly (1741–1792), seventh Duke of Chaulnes and son of Michel Ferdinand d'Albert d'Ailly, was a chemist and French aristocrat.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: At the death of his father in 1769, Louis Joseph inherited the title of Duke of Picquigny. He studied science successfully and in 1764 was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in London.

paragraph: He retired from military service at the age of twenty-four with the simple rank of colonel and instead undertook the study of natural sciences. In 1775, he proved that the poisonous air produced in the brewing process was carbon dioxide, and demonstrated a method of easily preparing acidic water with instruments with which water was shaken above vats where beer was fermenting. He showed a method of extracting and purifying salts from urine. In 1773, he found a way to crystallize alkalis by saturating carbon dioxide over a vat of beer.

paragraph: Chemists at the time recognised that asphyxiation from coal fumes is due to the formation of carbon dioxide. Chaulnes proposed a way to recover from suffocation through the administration of ammonia gas in various forms. After experiencing success with animals, he wanted to confirm his discoveries on human beings. He gave instructions to his valet and, when he had practised enough, he shut himself in a glass cabinet, sat on a mattress and surrounded himself with burning charcoal.

paragraph: The valet obeyed promptly and brought his master back to life.

paragraph: In the course of Chaulnes' travels he visited Egypt in 1763 where he recorded what he saw with accurate drawings of several monuments which until then had been un-published or poorly described. However, he included only one in the paper "Mémoire sur la véritable entrée du monument égyptien qui se trouve à quatre lieues du Caire, près de Sakara", Paris, 1783, in-4°. That monument, known as the Well of Birds, was a tomb for sacred animals. The author recounts his fruitless attempts to make plaster casts of the superb hieroglyphs and gives other curious details. He also published "Mémoire et Expériences sur l'air fixe qui se dégage de la bière en fermentation", included in vol. 9 of an anthology of foreign scholars of the Academy of Sciences, 1780.

paragraph: On 11 February 1773 The Duke of Chaulnes had an altercation with Caron de Beaumarchais who accused him of stealing his mistress, the actress Mademoiselle Ménard. He was then imprisoned at the Château de Vincennes.

description: French chemist and aristocrat

wikidata_label: Louis Joseph d'Albert d'Ailly

wikipedia_title: Louis Joseph d'Albert d'Ailly


text:
ukiyo-e
Edo
Osaka
Utagawa Yoshiume
woodblock prints
Osaka
kabuki
Lane, Richard
OCLC 61666175
OCLC 2005932

categories: 1841 births,1899 deaths,19th-century Japanese painters,19th-century Japanese people

paragraph: Utagawa Yoshitaki

paragraph: , who is also known as Ichiyōsai Yoshitaki (一養斎 芳滝), was a Japanese designer of ukiyo-e woodblock prints who was active in both Edo (Tokyo) and Osaka. He was also a painter and newspaper illustrator. His father was a paste merchant, and Yoshitaki became a student of Utagawa Yoshiume (1819–1879). Yoshitaki was the most prolific designer of woodblock prints in Osaka from the 1860s to the 1880s, producing more than 1,200 different prints, almost all of kabuki actors.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lane, Richard, "Images from the Floating World, The Japanese Print", New York, Putnam, 1978, 349.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Newland, Amy Reigle. (2005). "Hotei Encyclopedia of Japanese Woodblock Prints". Amsterdam: Hotei. ; OCLC 61666175

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roberts, Laurance P. (1976). "A Dictionary of Japanese Artists". New York: Weatherhill. ; OCLC 2005932

alias:
Satonoya
Yoshitaki
Yoshitaki Utagawa
Handenshakyo
Jueido
Nakai Yoshitaki
歌川芳瀧
Ichyotei
Noriya
Hōgyoku
Yosui
Ittensai
Yoshitaki Ichiyōtei
Tsunejiro
Yoshitaki Sasaki
Ichyosai
Yoshitaki Nakai

description: Japanese ukiyo-e artist and printmaker

wikidata_label: Utagawa Yoshitaki

wikipedia_title: Utagawa Yoshitaki


text:
Bolton-on-Swale
North Yorkshire
supercentenarian
parish register
Ellerton on Swale
Scorton, North Yorkshire
butler
Hornby Castle
Abbot of Fountains
alms
Chancery Court
Flodden Field
archers
Dr Thomas Chapman
Magdalene College, Cambridge
Henry VII
Charles II
T. H. White
Kirkby Malzeard

categories: 1670 deaths,Year of birth unknown,People of the Stuart period,Longevity myths,People from Richmondshire (district),People of the Tudor period

paragraph: Henry Jenkins (longevity claimant)

paragraph: Henry Jenkins (buried on 9 December 1670 in Bolton-on-Swale, North Yorkshire) was an English supercentenarian claimant said to have been 169 years old at his death.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He claimed to have been born in 1501, although parish registers were not required to be maintained until 1538. It is known that he lived at Ellerton on Swale, Scorton, North Yorkshire, and claimed to have been butler to Lord Coniers, of Hornby Castle, where the Abbot of Fountains was a frequent guest, and "did drink a hearty glass with his Lordship." He later followed the occupation of a fisherman and ended his life begging for alms.

paragraph: Chancery Court records show that in 1667 Jenkins stated on oath that he was aged "one hundreth fifty and seven or thereabouts"; when asked by the judge which notable battle he remembered, he named Flodden Field of 1513 and claimed to have carried arrows to the English archers.

paragraph: Although his birth date is undocumented, the date of Jenkins's death is known to within days, as his burial is recorded in the parish register of Bolton-on-Swale as having occurred on 9 December 1670. He is described as "a very aged and poor man".

paragraph: In 1743, in his memory an obelisk was erected in the churchyard, and a plaque made of black marble was placed inside the church; the inscription on it, composed by Dr Thomas Chapman, Master of Magdalene College, Cambridge, reads

paragraph: In 1829, the journal "The Mirror of Literature" claimed that if Jenkins had followed his legal obligations, during his life he would have changed his religion eight times, between the reigns of Henry VII and Charles II.

paragraph: T. H. White's science fiction novel "" (1957) compares the eponymous character, aged 150, with Jenkins.

paragraph: The village of Kirkby Malzeard, North Yorkshire, had a pub named Henry Jenkins after him, until it closed on 29 June 2008.

description: British supercentenarian

wikidata_label: Henry Jenkins

wikipedia_title: Henry Jenkins (longevity claimant)


text: Haverhill

text: Massachusetts

text: Cairo

text: American

text: American Civil War

text: Union Army

text: field artist

text: Frank Leslie's Weekly

text: Bull Run

text: Walter Gay

text: National School of Fine Arts

text: Alexandre Cabanel

text: Paul Gaugin

text: Pont-Aven School

text: Cairo, Egypt

text: Henry Bacon at American Art Gallery

categories: 20th-century American painters,Orientalist painters,American alumni of the École des Beaux-Arts,American male painters,1839 births,1912 deaths,19th-century American painters

paragraph: Henry Bacon (painter)

paragraph: Henry Bacon (1839 in Haverhill, Massachusetts – 13 March 1912 in Cairo) was an American painter and author.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Henry A. Bacon was born in Haverhill, Massachusetts in 1839. During the American Civil War, he enlisted in the Union Army on 16 July 1861 and acted as a field artist for "Frank Leslie's Weekly" while he served as a soldier within the 13th Massachusetts Infantry. Badly wounded at Bull Run, he was discharged on 19 December 1862.

paragraph: After the war, he studied art with Walter Gay, who suggested that he travel to Paris to undertake a formal art education. In 1864, he went to Paris, with his first wife Elizabeth Lord, to study figure painting. He was admitted to the National School of Fine Arts and was one of Alexandre Cabanel's scholars. He went also to Brittany and passing through Pont-Aven, he fell in love with the place. Back in Paris, he mentioned the place to his friends painters. He is credited to have been the first painter from a long group of painters to come to Pont-Aven including Paul Gaugin. This period is known nowadays as the Pont-Aven School.

paragraph: He exhibited at the salon from 1868 through to 1896 with genre works which had found favour with the American market. He also worked as a journalist sending reports of events in Paris to the "Boston Daily Evening Transcript." In 1897, he travelled to Egypt for the first time and began regularly spending Winters there. At that time, he switched from oils to watercolours which he believed was the optimal medium to capture the transparent light of the Middle East.

paragraph: Bacon died of a heart attack in Cairo, Egypt in 1912.

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Tourist and the Fisherwoman," 1870

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Goodbye," Oil on Canvas, 1877

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hauling a Ship," Oil on Canvas, 1877

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On Shipboard," Oil on Canvas, 1877

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Land!" Oil on Canvas, 1877

paragraph: BULLET::::- "First Sight of Land," Oil on Canvas, 1877

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Departure", Oil on Canvas, 1879

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Along the Seine," Oil on Canvas, 1879

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Beach at Etretat," Oil on Canvas, 1881

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Parthenon, East Facade," Watercolour, n.d.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Theatre of Dionysus," Watercolour, n.d.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Street in Cairo," Watercolour, 1905

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry Bacon at American Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- A finding aid to the Henry Bacon papers, 1849-1931 in the Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution

alias:
a. Bacon
Bacon
Bacon H.
H. Bacon

description: American artist

wikidata_label: Henry Bacon

wikipedia_title: Henry Bacon (painter)


text: Bagrationi Dynasty

text: king of Imereti

text: Alexander III of Imereti

text: Darejan

text: Ketevan

text: Vakhtang Tchutchunashvili

text: Ottoman

text: Mingrelian

text: Akhaltsikhe

text: pasha

text: Tbilisi

text: Vakhtang V Shahnawaz of Kartli

text: Persian

text: Archil

text: Ketevan

text: Prince David of Kakheti

text: Constantine I, Prince of Mukhrani

text: Tamar

text: Alexander IV

text: Giorgi III Gurieli

text: Duke of Racha

text: Duke of Racha

text: Levan IV Dadiani

text: Vakhtang VI of Kartli

text: Russian Empire

text: David Marshall Lang

text: New York

text: Columbia University Press

categories: 1681 deaths,17th-century people from Georgia (country),Kings of Imereti,Bagrationi dynasty of the Kingdom of Imereti,Eastern Orthodox monarchs,1620 births

paragraph: Bagrat V of Imereti

paragraph: Bagrat V () (1620–1681), of the Bagrationi Dynasty, was a king of Imereti, whose troubled reign in the years of 1660–61, 1663–68, 1669–78, and 1679–81, was marked by extreme instability and feudal anarchy in the kingdom.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: The eldest son of Alexander III of Imereti by his first wife, Bagrat V succeeded on his father's death in 1660. His influential stepmother Darejan made him marry her niece, Ketevan. However, a year later, Darejan disrupted the union and offered Bagrat herself as a bride. On the king's refusal, Darejan had him arrested and blinded. The queen dowager then remarried an insignificant aristocrat, Vakhtang Tchutchunashvili, and had him crowned as king. The move drew many nobles into opposition. They enlisted the Ottoman and Mingrelian support and restored Bagrat. Darejan was exiled to Akhaltsikhe, in the Ottoman-held Georgian province.

paragraph: In 1668, Bagrat was once again dethroned by Darejan’s party with the military support of the pasha of Akhaltsikhe. However, both Darejan and her favorite were soon murdered, and Bagrat reclaimed the crown in 1669. These events had been closely watched by the royal court in Tbilisi, eastern Georgia. King Vakhtang V Shahnawaz of Kartli, whose cooperation with the Persian suzerains allowed him to bring the whole eastern Georgia under his control, campaigned in Imereti and crowned his son Archil as king of Imereti in 1678. Under pressure from the Ottomans, however, Archil was soon recalled from Kutaisi, and Bagrat was replaced on the throne again in 1679.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Bagrat was married three times. His first wife was Ketevan, daughter of Prince David of Kakheti, whom he divorced in 1661. He married secondly Tatia, daughter of Constantine I, Prince of Mukhrani, and repudiated the union in 1663 to marry her sister, Tamar (died 1683). He had two sons and three daughters:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexander IV (died 1695), born of a concubine, was King of Imereti from 1691 to 1695.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince Giorgi (1676–1678), born of Bagrat's marriage to Tamar of Mukhrani.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Darejan (died after 1726), who was married successively to Prince Giorgi III Gurieli (died 1684), Prince Paata Abashidze (died 1684), and Papuna II, Duke of Racha (died 1696).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Mariam (died c. 1726), who was married successively to Prince Iese Chikovani (died c. 1703) and Shoshita III, Duke of Racha (died 1729).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Tinatin (1678–1760), who was married to Prince Giorgi Gurieli and then Prince Levan IV Dadiani (died 1691). She became a nun under the name of Nino in 1704 and followed the suite of Vakhtang VI of Kartli in the Russian Empire in 1724.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Вахушти Багратиони (Vakhushti Bagrationi) (1745). История Царства Грузинского: Жизнь Имерети.

paragraph: BULLET::::- David Marshall Lang, "The Last Years of the Georgian Monarchy, 1658-1832". New York: Columbia University Press, 1957.

description: King of Imereti

wikidata_label: Bagrat V of Imereti

wikipedia_title: Bagrat V of Imereti


text: Georgian

text: crown of Imereti

text: Darejan

text: Alexander III of Imereti

text: Bagrat V

text: Vameq III Dadiani

text: Mingrelia

text: Ottoman

text: Akhaltsikhe

text: pasha

text: Kutaisi

text: Вахушти Багратиони (Vakhushti Bagrationi)

text: История Царства Грузинского: Жизнь Имерети

text: David Marshall Lang

text: New York

text: Columbia University Press

categories: Nobility of Georgia (country),1668 deaths,1647 births,17th-century people from Georgia (country),Kings of Imereti,Eastern Orthodox monarchs

paragraph: Vakhtang of Imereti

paragraph: Vakhtang Tchutchunashvili () (died 1668) was a Georgian nobleman who ruled the crown of Imereti, western Georgia, in the years of 1660–1661 and 1668.

paragraph: In 1660, the Queen Dowager Darejan, the widow of Alexander III of Imereti, deposed and blinded her stepson, the legitimate king Bagrat V. Darejan then married Tchutchunashvili, a petty noble, whom she installed as king of Imereti. Deposed by Prince Vameq III Dadiani of Mingrelia and other nobles with Ottoman support, Darejan and Vakhtang fled to Akhaltsikhe, in the Ottoman-held Georgian province. Tchutchunashvili was restored by the pasha of Akhaltsikhe in 1668. According to various accounts, he was murdered with his wife Darejan at the palace of Kutaisi.

paragraph: Section::::References.

description: King of Imereti

wikidata_label: Vakhtang Tchutchunashvili

wikipedia_title: Vakhtang of Imereti


text: Wiktor Thommée

text: Stanisław Maczek

text: Polish Army

text: Invasion of Poland

text: Płoniawy-Bramura

text: safehouse

text: "bibuła"

text: Russian Empire

text: Warsaw Citadel

text: Russian Army

text: folwark

text: Szamocin

text: First World War

text: captain

text: Polish 2nd Corps in the East

text: major

text: Polish Army

text: Polish-Soviet War

text: colonel

text: 28th Infantry Division

text: 23rd Infantry Division

text: Katowice

text: 8th Infantry Division

text: Modlin

text: generał brygady

text: Silesia

text: German attack on Poland

text: World War II

text: Army Kraków

text: Carpathians

text: heavily industrialized

text: Upper Silesia

text: "Kraków"

text: Army Łódź

text: Army Karpaty

text: Battle of the Border

text: Army Łódź

text: quickly advancing

text: German 14th Army

text: Wilhelm List

text: Lublin

text: Army Lublin

text: Tadeusz Piskor

text: Battle of Tomaszów Lubelski

text: Oflag VII-A Murnau

text: POW

text: Polish Communist

text: France

text: United Kingdom

text: Canada

text: Abercorn

text: Montreal

text: Saint-Sauveur, Quebec

text: monograph

text: generał dywizji

text: Order of Virtuti Militari

text: Order of Polonia Restituta

text: Cross of Valour

text: Gold Cross of Merit

text: Chronology of posts

text: Short biography

text: Longer biography

categories: Polish people of German descent,1884 births,Blue Army (Poland) personnel,Imperial Russian military personnel,People from Maków County,Combat Organization of the Polish Socialist Party members,Polish military personnel of World War II,Recipients of the Cross of Valour (Poland),Polish generals,1971 deaths,Recipients of the Gold Cross of the Virtuti Militari,Commanders of the Order of Polonia Restituta

paragraph: Antoni Szylling

paragraph: Antoni Szylling (31 August 1884 – 17 June 1971) was a Polish general, considered, along with Generals Wiktor Thommée and Stanisław Maczek, to have been one of the most successful Polish Army commanders during the Invasion of Poland of 1939.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Antoni Szyling was born in Płoniawy-Bramura. He finished a 7-year trade school in 1904 and from an early age was an active member of the Polish pro-independence nationalist paramilitary organization the Combat Organization of the Polish Socialist Party. He had several safehouses, in which he stored "bibuła" and arms, as well as hiding wanted PPS members and members of other organizations. Arrested by the authorities of the Russian Empire, he served several one-and-a-half-month sentences in the Warsaw Citadel and Daniłłiczowski Prison. He was also denied the right to study at a university and was conscripted into the Russian Army for two years (1905–1907). In 1910, he married Zofia Bajkowski (1887–1944). In the years 1909–1912 he was able to finish 'industrial-agricultural courses' at the Higher Agricultural School in Warsaw, and from 1912 to 1913 he worked on an experimental folwark in Szamocin. In 1914 he was mobilized into the Russian Army again and fought in the First World War.

paragraph: In 1917, with the rank of captain, he joined the Polish 2nd Corps in the East. In 1918 he was promoted to major, and soon afterwards taken prisoner by the Germans. In January 1919 he joined the Polish Army. During the Polish-Soviet War he commanded the 44th Infantry Regiment. In 1922 he was promoted to colonel and later retired at his own request. In 1925 he was commissioned again and became the commander of the 28th Infantry Division in Warsaw. Later he commanded the 23rd Infantry Division in Katowice and the 8th Infantry Division in Modlin. In 1929 he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general (generał brygady). In May 1937 he worked at the General Inspectorate of the Armed Forces in Silesia.

paragraph: During the German attack on Poland (1939) that started World War II he commanded Army Kraków. This army was the main pivot of Polish defence. Its main task was to delay advancing German troops and withdraw eastwards along the northern line of the Carpathians and defend the heavily industrialized Upper Silesia region. It consisted of four infantry divisions (6th, 7th, 23rd and 55th), two mountain infantry divisions (21st and 22nd), one mountain brigade and two cavalry brigades: one motorized (10th) and one standard ("Kraków"). It was the most southwestern of the Polish Armies, with Army Łódź to its north and Army Karpaty to its southeast.

paragraph: During the early stages of the Battle of the Border the northern Army Łódź was partially surrounded by quickly advancing German forces. Army Kraków, attacked by the German 14th Army under the command of General Wilhelm List, was forced to retreat to protect its flanks from 2 September onwards. A careful tactician, General Szylling followed the strategy of 'retreat to fight another day' instead of engaging the superior enemy. General Szylling, despite the increasingly difficult situation for the Polish forces, was able to retreat successfully towards the city of Lublin, following his orders and avoiding several German attempts to surround him. On 19 September Szyling's forces joined with Army Lublin of General Tadeusz Piskor in the Battle of Tomaszów Lubelski, the second largest tank battle of the campaign. Polish forces followed the plan of General Piskor, but the German defences proved too strong and the majority of Polish forces, including the headquarters of both generals, were encircled and surrendered on 20 September.

paragraph: Hence General Szylling became a German prisoner for the second time. He spent most of the war in the Oflag VII-A Murnau POW camp. On 30 April 1945 he was freed by advancing American forces; he decided not to return to Polish Communist-controlled Poland, but emigrated to France and later to the United Kingdom and, finally, to Canada (in 1947). In 1949 he married Maria Róża Dobrowolska (1896–1986). He lived on a farm at Abercorn, near Montreal, where he died on 17 June 1971. He is buried in Saint-Sauveur, Quebec. He actually died at the Maria (Currie) Sklodowski Polish Home for the Aged on Belanger Street in Montreal

paragraph: After emigrating he wrote a monograph, "Moje dowodzenie we wrześniu 1939" ("My command in September 1939"). The original draft was given to (Boguslaw Borejsza-Wysocki) my father Antoni Borejsza-Wysocki (1918–2000) to be published at a later date. It was published in Kraków in 2007 - with some minor changes and additions unbeknownskt to the author.

paragraph: In 1946 the Polish government promoted him to generał dywizji in recognition of his valor.

paragraph: Section::::Honours and awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gold Cross of the Order of Virtuti Militari, previously awarded the Silver Cross

paragraph: BULLET::::- Commander's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta, previously awarded the Officer's Cross

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cross of Valour - three times

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gold Cross of Merit

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chronology of posts

paragraph: BULLET::::- Short biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Longer biography

description: Polish general

wikidata_label: Antoni Szylling

wikipedia_title: Antoni Szylling


text: archaeologist

text: epigrapher

text: Shanghai Museum

text: Cultural Revolution

text: John D. Rockefeller III Award

text: Legion of Honour

text: Jacques Chirac

text: Chinese bronzes

text: Bianzhongs

text: Warring States period

text: bamboo strips

text: Shanghai

text: Communist Party of China

text: Daxia University

text: East China Normal University

text: Shanghai Museum

text: Cultural Revolution

text: Mao Zedong

text: Four Olds

text: Red Guards

text: Hubei

text: Richard Nixon

text: Huang Ju

text: People's Square

text: Hong Kong

text: John D. Rockefeller III

text: Asian Cultural Council

text: Jacques Chirac

text: Legion of Honour

text: Jiang Zemin

text: South China Morning Post

text: bianzhong

text: Warring States period

text: bamboo slips

text: Kingdom of Chu

text: Shanghai Museum bamboo slips

text: Confucian

text: Classic of Poetry

text: Confucius

text: Chinese bronzes

text: Oxford University Press

text: Yangshao Culture

text: East China Normal University

text: Fudan University

text: high blood pressure

categories: Suicides in the People's Republic of China,Chinese archaeologists,Educators from Shanghai,Chinese epigraphers,Victims of the Cultural Revolution,Chinese palaeographers,Writers from Shanghai,2004 deaths,Scientists from Shanghai,East China Normal University alumni,Fudan University faculty,1927 births,Directors of museums in China,East China Normal University faculty

paragraph: Ma Chengyuan

paragraph: Ma Chengyuan (; 3 November 1927 – 25 September 2004) was a Chinese archaeologist, epigrapher, and president of the Shanghai Museum. He was credited with saving priceless artifacts from destruction during the Cultural Revolution, and was instrumental in raising funds and support for the rebuilding of the Shanghai Museum. He was a recipient of the John D. Rockefeller III Award, and was awarded the Legion of Honour by French President Jacques Chirac.

paragraph: Ma was an authority on ancient Chinese bronzes and published more than 80 books and academic papers, including a 16-volume encyclopedia of the bronzes. He was responsible for recovering ancient relics including the Jin Hou Su Bianzhongs and Warring States period bamboo strips, which are now considered China's national treasures.

paragraph: Ma suffered from depression in his final years, and committed suicide in September 2004.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and career.

paragraph: Ma Chengyuan was born in 1927 in Shanghai. In 1946, he joined an underground cell of the Communist Party of China, and graduated from the history department of Daxia University in Shanghai, a predecessor of East China Normal University, in 1951. He worked for the education department of the Shanghai Municipal Government before joining the Shanghai Museum in 1954. Ma was originally assigned to be a manager and Communist Party secretary of the museum, but he resigned from his political positions in 1956 to focus on academic work, and later became director of the bronze research department.

paragraph: Section::::Cultural Revolution.

paragraph: As the Cultural Revolution erupted in 1966, Chairman Mao Zedong called for the destruction of the Four Olds, and teenage Red Guards rampaged through people's homes to destroy relics of pre-Communist China. Desperate Shanghai collectors sought protection of their antiques at the Shanghai Museum, and Ma slept in his office to take phone calls and to dispatch museum employees around the clock.

paragraph: Ma initially kept the Red Guards out of the museum by organizing his employees as fake Red Guards, and protected the relics by painting Maoist slogans over the display cases. However, some of his own staff were soon swept by the revolutionary fervour. An extremist faction of museum workers seized Ma along with other senior officials, and imprisoned him in a storage room for nine months. Trying to coerce the officials into confessing that they were "traitors", the extremists repeatedly lifted them up and dropped them onto the marble floor. Several of Ma's colleagues died. Ma survived the torture, and was sent to a labour camp in Hubei province for five years.

paragraph: In 1972, after American President Richard Nixon's historic visit to China, Ma was brought back to Shanghai to organize an exhibition of archaeological treasures to tour the United States. The Cultural Revolution ended after the death of Mao in 1976.

paragraph: Section::::Rebuilding the Shanghai Museum.

paragraph: In 1985, Ma was appointed the Director of the Shanghai Museum. When the museum was omitted from Shanghai's five-year reconstruction plan in 1992, Ma lobbied Mayor Huang Ju for its rebuilding. After seeing the dilapidated rooms of the Zhonghui Building where the museum was then housed, Huang agreed to allocate a prime site on the People's Square, but the museum had to raise its own building funds. Ma raised US$25 million by leasing the old building to a Hong Kong developer. He also made many trips abroad to solicit donations, mainly from the Shanghai diaspora who had fled to Hong Kong after the Communist revolution, raising another US$10 million. The money still ran short, but he eventually persuaded the city government to allocate another to complete the building.

paragraph: The museum reopened on 12October 1996 to wide acclaim, and Ma gained international fame. He won the John D. Rockefeller III Award from the Asian Cultural Council in that year. French President Jacques Chirac awarded Ma the Legion of Honour in 1998, and invited Ma to accompany Chinese President Jiang Zemin to a private dinner with him in France. The "South China Morning Post" of Hong Kong commented that Ma seemed to have "willed [the Shanghai Museum] into existence."

paragraph: Section::::Recovering cultural relics.

paragraph: After the opening up of China from the 1980s, tomb robbery was rampant and many artifacts were looted and smuggled across the border to Hong Kong, then a British territory. Ma Chengyuan was active in recovering many of the items from the Hong Kong antique market. In 1992, he purchased the 3,000-year-old Jin Hou Su "bianzhong" (晉侯穌鐘), which were listed by the Chinese government as one of the first 64 national treasures forbidden to be exhibited abroad in 2002.

paragraph: In 1994, Ma recovered more than 1,200 Warring States period bamboo slips from the Kingdom of Chu, now known as the Shanghai Museum bamboo slips. Several ancient texts were written on the strips, including the "Kongzi Shi Lun", a previously unknown commentary on the Confucian "Classic of Poetry" attributed to Confucius himself. The discovery caused a sensation in academia, and the texts have been the subject of intense studies by numerous scholars, including Ma himself.

paragraph: Section::::Academics.

paragraph: Ma was an authority on ancient Chinese bronzes and published more than 80 books and academic papers. His book "Ancient Chinese Bronzes", translated into English and published by Oxford University Press (), is highly influential and widely used as a university textbook. His 16-volume encyclopedia, "Zhongguo Qingtongqi Quanji" (中国青铜器全集, "Complete Compilation of Chinese Bronzes"), is the most comprehensive book on Chinese bronzes ever published. He was also the chief editor of "Shanghai Bowuguan cang Zhanguo Chu zhushu" (上海博物馆藏战国楚竹书, "Warring States Chu Bamboo Books of the Shanghai Museum"), a groundbreaking research on the Warring States bamboo strips recovered by Ma himself. Other books he published include "Zhongguo Qingtongqi Yanjiu" (中国青铜器研究, "Research on Chinese Bronzes"), a collection of 40 of his academic papers, "Yangshao Wenhua de Caitao" (仰韶文化的彩陶, "Painted Ceramics of the Yangshao Culture"), and "Shang Zhou Qingtongqi Mingwen Xuan" (商周青铜器铭文选, "Selected Bronze Inscriptions of the Shang and Zhou Dynasties").

paragraph: In addition to his main position as Director of the Shanghai Museum, Ma also taught as a part-time professor at Shanghai's East China Normal University and Fudan University. He was also a council member of the Archaeological Society of China, and vice chairman of the China Museum Society.

paragraph: Section::::Retirement and suicide.

paragraph: Ma retired in 1999, but still served as an advisor to the Shanghai Museum. However, he had conflicts with the new management which became increasingly bitter. He was accused of misusing US$250,000 donated by a Chinese-American collector, but an investigation cleared him of wrongdoing. There were also rumours that some of the ancient bamboo strips he purchased for a high sum from public funds were fake.

paragraph: In his final years, Ma allegedly suffered from high blood pressure and kidney problems, yet followed his doctor's advice meticulously. It is also said that he suffered from depression, and committed suicide on 25 September 2004. Official newspapers in China reported his death but did not initially disclose the cause. When President Chirac organized his visit to Shanghai in October, he insisted on meeting with Ma, without realizing that he had died.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Ma Chengyuan was married to Chen Zhiwu. They had a daughter, who lived in Australia. Before Ma's death, he invited his daughter to spend two weeks with him in Shanghai. He committed suicide three days after his daughter returned to Australia.

description: Chinese archaeologist

wikidata_label: Ma Chengyuan

wikipedia_title: Ma Chengyuan


text:
Ohio
Fayette County, Pennsylvania
Irish immigrant
Richland County, Ohio
Maryland
Democrat
Ohio State Senate
read law
Thomas W. Bartley
Samuel J. Kirkwood
bar
Mansfield
House of Representatives
Republican
John Sherman
1860 Democratic National Convention
Civil War
War Democrat
David Tod
86th Ohio Infantry
Ulysses S. Grant
special election
Cornelius S. Hamilton
John Beatty
1868 Democratic National Convention
1873 constitutional convention
Alphonso Hart
Xenia
Oddfellows

categories: Ohio Constitutional Convention (1873),Ohio state senators,1817 births,People from Fayette County, Pennsylvania,Businesspeople from Ohio,People of Ohio in the American Civil War,Ohio Democrats,1883 deaths,19th-century American politicians,People from Mansfield, Ohio,Ohio lawyers

paragraph: Barnabas Burns

paragraph: Barnabas Burns (June 29, 1817 – October 13, 1883) was an Ohio lawyer, businessman, and politician.

paragraph: Burns was born in Fayette County, Pennsylvania in 1817, the youngest of three children of Andrew and Sarah (Caldwell) Burns. Burns's father was an Irish immigrant and his mother was also of Irish ancestry. In about 1820, the family moved to Richland County, Ohio, where Andrew worked as a farmer. He was educated in the public schools there and taught school after graduating. He married Urath Gore, a Maryland native, and with her had five children.

paragraph: In 1840, Burns was hired as deputy clerk of courts in Richland County. In 1846 he was elected, as a Democrat, to represent the area in the Ohio State Senate, serving two terms. He read law at the office of Thomas W. Bartley and Samuel J. Kirkwood and was admitted to the bar, practicing in the county seat, Mansfield. In 1860, Burns ran for a seat in the federal House of Representatives, losing to the incumbent, Republican John Sherman. He also served as a delegate to the 1860 Democratic National Convention.

paragraph: At the outbreak of Civil War, Burns supported the Union and considered himself a War Democrat. The governor, David Tod, offered Burns the colonelcy of the 86th Ohio Infantry; he accepted, but served very little because of chronic lung problems. He did serve as judge advocate at a military trial later in the war. In 1863, while serving as chairman of the Ohio Democratic Party, Burns wrote to General Ulysses S. Grant, asking permission to nominate him for president as a Democrat at the upcoming state convention (Grant was not interested). After the war, Burns continued his political activity, running for Congress again in an 1868 special election that followed the sudden death of Cornelius S. Hamilton; he lost by 385 votes to John Beatty. The same year, he served as a delegate to the 1868 Democratic National Convention. Burns was also a delegate to Ohio's 1873 constitutional convention (the resulting constitution was rejected by the voters.) That same year, Burns ran for lieutenant governor, and lost to Republican Alphonso Hart by just 635 votes.

paragraph: Burns also entered the business world after the war, organizing the Mansfield Saving Bank in 1869 and serving as its first president. By 1870, he owned property worth $40,000. He served on the board of education and was trustee of an orphanage in Xenia, as well as being one of the founders of the Mansfield Lyceum and Library. He was also a member of the Oddfellows and the Richland County Bible Society.

wikidata_label: Barnabas Burns

wikipedia_title: Barnabas Burns