text:
Screenland Magazine.
Douglas Fairbanks
Mary McAllister
Norma Talmadge
The Cock-Eyed World
Captain January
Shirley Temple
Saturday's Children
John Garfield
Warner Bros
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Mary Pickford
D.W. Griffith

categories: Writers from Fort Wayne, Indiana,American magazine editors,1902 births,American film critics

paragraph: Delight Evans

paragraph: Delight Evans (born in 1902) was an entertainment writer, editor, and film critic who was most widely known for her career as the editor of "Screenland Magazine." Before accepting her career-making position at "Screenland", Evans worked for "Photoplay Magazine" for six years. "Screenland" and "Photoplay" were both popular fan magazines that allowed fans to connect with movies outside the theaters. Some of the magazines' content consisted of movie reviews, movie promotions, and spreads of popular actors and actresses. Evans first started working for "Screenland Magazine" in October 1924 where she wrote reviews for various iconic films of that time. In 1929, Evans was promoted to Editor of the magazine. Nine years later in 1938, her success and ambitious attitude lead her to her own radio program, "Food Secrets of the Movie Stars."

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Delight Evans was born in Fort Wayne, Indiana in 1902. Evans had an interest in movies and entertainment from a young age. In high school she took part in school activities such as writing for her school newspaper and playing music. At the age of 13, Delight entered the "Beauty and Brains" contest put on by "Photoplay magazine" in hopes of becoming a film actress. However, the contest authorities had no intention of making film stars out of the young women that had entered. Because of this disappointment, Delight was not able to break into the movie business at the time.

paragraph: At the age of 15, Delight sent a story she wrote to "Photoplay Magazine"'s editorial office. The magazine bought her story and contacted her, inviting her to visit the editor of "Photoplay" in Chicago. Upon meeting Evans, the editor was taken aback by her young age. Nevertheless, he was impressed with her work and he offered her a position at "Photoplay" as an entertainment writer for movies. Evans, despite being enrolled at Fort Wayne High School where she wrote for the school newspaper, accepted the offer and began working on the editorial staff of "Photoplay" in December 1917. r. Her first published articles were on "Douglas Fairbanks" and "Mary McAllister". In 1919 Evans was promoted and relocated to New York City. By 1922 she was the associate editor of "Photoplay". Evans wrote seventy-six stories for "Photoplay" through 1923 until she joined "Screenland Magazine".

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In 1924, Delight took a position at "Screenland Magazine" writing movie reviews. In 1929 she was called before the Board of Magazine directors and was promoted to the Editor of "Screenland". Evans promised the Board "Screenland" would have the biggest circulation of any entertainment magazine. Sure enough, after Evans became the editor, the magazine's circulation nearly doubled and continued to grow rapidly. Delight Evans' reviews were known as the most widely read and quoted screen criticisms. Evans held the position of editor from 1924 to 1948.

paragraph: Evans wrote reviews for various types of entertainment such as screenplays like the 1926 comedy, "Kiki" starring "Norma Talmadge". She also reviewed musicals including "The Cock-Eyed World" (1929) and major films such as "Captain January" (1936) starring "Shirley Temple" and "Saturday's Children" (1940) starring "John Garfield." Delight would review at least five entertainment pieces in each issue of "Screenland Magazine". In the May–July 1926 issue of "Screenland", it was written that:""Delight Evans reviews all the important films for Screenland. Her criticism are just and no one takes greater joy in finding work well done or pictures that are pleasurable.""

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: In her personal life, Evans married Herbert Crooker on May 29, 1924. Herb held jobs as Eastern Publicity manager for Warner Bros. and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). Crooker predeceased Delight. He died in 1960 at the age of 66.

paragraph: Delight Evans had the pleasure of interviewing hundreds of celebrities throughout her career. Many people in the film industry not only valued her work and advice, but her friendship as well. Actors such as 'Mary Pickford and The Gish Girls and famous directors such as "D.W. Griffith" were good friends of Evans. "D.W. Griffith" actually asked Evans to write titles for his pictures.

paragraph: In 1938 Evans used her knowledge and experience she gained through celebrity interviews on her own radio program called ""Food Secrets of the Movie Stars"." The program discussed the habits, hobbies, and favorite dishes of Hollywood stars. The show was set to air every Thursday evening for thirteen weeks. She completed her radio show while still holding the editor position at "Screenland". Evans left "Screenland" in 1948.

description: American film critic

wikidata_label: Delight Evans

wikipedia_title: Delight Evans


text:
Pierre Patel
Claude Lorrain
gouache
watercolor
Hermitage
Warsaw National Museum
Princeton University Art Museum
Louvre

categories: 17th-century French painters,1648 births,1707 deaths,Members of the Paris Guild of Saint Luke,French male painters

paragraph: Pierre-Antoine Patel

paragraph: Pierre-Antoine Patel (November 22, 1648 – March 17, 1707), also known as Patel the Younger, was a French landscape painter. He was the son of Pierre Patel, also a renowned landscape painter, who, like many French painters of his generation, was influenced by the landscapes of Italy painted by Claude Lorrain. The younger Patel distinguished himself from his father by specializing in small, finely finished landscapes in gouache, an opaque watercolor. The majority of his works depict antique ruins, bathed in sunlight.

paragraph: His paintings hang in, among other places, the Hermitage, Warsaw National Museum, Princeton University Art Museum, and a number of French museums including three works in the Louvre.

alias:
Pierre Patel the Younger
Antoine, the younger Patel
Pierre Antoine Patel
Pierre Patel II
Pierre, II Patel
Pierre Patel
Pierre, the younger Patel
Pierre Antoine, II Patel
Pierre Antoine Patel II
Antoine Pierre II Patel
pierre ant. patel
Patel le fils
Ant. Patel
Pierre Patel le fils
le fils Patel
a. pierre patel

description: French painter

wikidata_label: Pierre-Antoine Patel

wikipedia_title: Pierre-Antoine Patel


href: Siena Pescia

text: Siena Pescia

categories: People from Siena,1940 births,2015 deaths,Italian Roman Catholic bishops

paragraph: Giovanni De Vivo

paragraph: Giovanni De Vivo (24 March 1940 – 20 September 2015) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop.

paragraph: He was born in Siena and ordained a priest in 1964. De Vivo was named bishop of Pescia in December 1993 and ordained in 1994 by bishop Francesco Niccoli. He died still in office in 2015.

description: Italian priest

wikidata_label: Giovanni De Vivo

wikipedia_title: Giovanni De Vivo


text:
Estonia
racing driver
Italian F4 Championship
ADAC Formula 4
European Formula 3
Prema Powerteam
Hitech GP
Paul
Mercedes F1

categories: ADAC Formula 4 drivers,Estonian racing drivers,1998 births,Italian F4 Championship drivers,FIA Formula 3 European Championship drivers,Living people

paragraph: Ralf Aron

paragraph: Ralf Aron (born 21 March 1998) is an Estonian racing driver, who competed in the Italian F4 Championship, ADAC Formula 4 and European Formula 3 championships for Prema Powerteam and Hitech GP.

paragraph: His younger brother Paul is also a racing driver and member of the Mercedes F1 junior programme.

paragraph: Section::::Racing record.

paragraph: Section::::Racing record.:Complete FIA Formula 3 European Championship results.

paragraph: Driver did not finish the race, but was classified as he completed over 90% of the race distance.br

wikidata_label: Ralf Aron

wikipedia_title: Ralf Aron


text:
Italian
stage design
Teatro Carlo Felice
Genoa
Villa Durazzo-Pallavicini
Genoa
Napoleon
stage design
Domenico Cimarosa
Rossini
Teatro Carlo Felice
Vittorio Emanuele
Austria
Villa Durazzo-Pallavicini

categories: 1868 deaths,Italian scenic designers,1788 births

paragraph: Michele Canzio

paragraph: Michele Canzio (1788–1868) was an Italian architect and painter, best known as stage designer for the Teatro Carlo Felice in Genoa. He also designed a remarkable garden at the Villa Durazzo-Pallavicini.

paragraph: Canzio was born in Genoa, where at age 17 he designed Napoleon's triumphal arch. His activities in stage design began in 1818 at the Teatro di Sant'Agostino for "Matrimonio segreto" by Domenico Cimarosa, followed in 1819 by Rossini's "Aureliano in Palmira".

paragraph: When the Teatro Carlo Felice was constructed, Canzio aided in its design, as well as the design for its inaugural ballet, "Gli adoratori del fuoco". From 1832–1836, and again from 1850–1854, he served as the theater's impresario, as well as serving as its principal stage designer until 1850. Canzio also oversaw Genoa's decorations for the marriage of Vittorio Emanuele to Maria Adelaide of Austria (1842), as well as palazzi (Palazzo Reale in via Balbi, 1842), churches (San Donato, 1846), and gardens. He served as director of the school of ornament at the Accademia Ligustica from 1827–1867.

paragraph: Chief among his garden designs is that for the Villa Durazzo-Pallavicini (1840–1846).

description: Italian landscape architect

wikidata_label: Michele Canzio

wikipedia_title: Michele Canzio


text:
Virginia colonist
Thomas Lee
Revolutionary War
Henry "Light Horse Harry" Lee III
Robert E. Lee
Col. Richard Lee II
Machodoc
Westmoreland County
Col. Richard Lee I
Richard Bland Sr.
Elizabeth Randolph
Richard "Squire" Lee
Willoughby Newton
Col. Henry Lee II
Leesylvania

categories: 1747 deaths,Virginia colonial people,1691 births,Lee family of Virginia,American planters

paragraph: Henry Lee I

paragraph: Capt. Henry Lee I (1691–1747) was a prominent Virginia colonist, planter, soldier, and politician, brother of Governor Thomas Lee, grandfather of Revolutionary War hero Henry "Light Horse Harry" Lee III, and great-grandfather of Confederate general Robert E. Lee.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: He was the son of Col. Richard Lee II, Esq., "the Scholar" (1647-1715) and Laetitia Corbin (ca. 1657-1706). Born at Machodoc in Westmoreland County, Lee resided at Lee Hall near Hague, in the Parish of Cople, Westmoreland County. All traces of the house have long since disappeared. The land surrounding Lee Hall was part of the of Machodoc land patented in 1650 by his grandfather, Col. Richard Lee I, Esq., "the Immigrant" (1618-1664). Henry died between June 13–25, 1747.

paragraph: He was a co-leaseholder with his brother Thomas of the family plantation on the Machodoc River, and he owned or leased the area of Lee Hall. When the family plantation was burned down in January 1729, Henry Lee took in his brother's family at Lee Hall while the plantation was rebuilt.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Lee married Mary Bland (1704-1764), the daughter of Hon. Richard Bland Sr. (1665-1720) and Elizabeth Randolph (1685-1719). They had the following children:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. ? Lee (ca. 1723).

paragraph: BULLET::::2. John Lee (1724-1767), who married Mary (Smith) Ball (1725).

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Richard "Squire" Lee (1726-1795), who married Sarah "Sally" Bland Poythress (1768-1828), daughter of Peter Poythress (1715-1785) of "Branchester", and Elizabeth Bland (1733-1792). Sally was the mother of Willoughby Newton, with her second husband of the same name.

paragraph: BULLET::::4. ? Lee (ca. 1727).

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Col. Henry Lee II (1730-1787) of "Leesylvania", who married Lucy Grymes (1734-1792) the "Lowland Beauty", daughter of Hon. Charles Grymes (1693-1743) and Frances Jennings.

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Laetitia Lee (1730-1788), who married William Ball (ca. 1730).

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Anne Lee (1732), who married William Fitzhugh Sr. (1730).

paragraph: (According to some sources, Lee had "four" children with Mary Bland: John, Richard, Lettice/Letitia, and Henry.)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- General

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fendall, Douglas Allen. "The Descendants of Governor Josias Fendall"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Specific

wikidata_label: Henry Lee I

wikipedia_title: Henry Lee I


text: British

text: merchant bank

text: dandy

text: diarist

text: Eton

text: George (later "Beau") Brummell

text: courts

text: Richard Trench

text: the Tory Party took government

text: Robert Peel

text: Bath

text: dandy

text: fashionable clubs

text: West End

text: Carlton Club

text: White's

text: pun

text: Rake

text: Beau Brummell

text: Duke of Wellington

text: Baron Alvanley

text: Talleyrand

text: Harriet

text: One of the Rake's of London

text: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography

text: OUP

categories: People educated at Eton College,English bankers,1777 births,1848 deaths,English diarists,Writers from London

paragraph: Thomas Raikes (dandy)

paragraph: Thomas Raikes ("the Younger") (3 October 1777 – 3 July 1848) was a British merchant banker, dandy and diarist.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Raikes was born in 1777, the eldest son of Thomas Raikes the Elder and his wife, Charlotte. He was educated at Eton, where his friends included George (later "Beau") Brummell, whose friendship would extend into Raikes' adult life.

paragraph: In 1795, Raikes was sent to the continent to study modern languages under a private tutor. He travelled widely, visiting many of the German courts. On his return, he became a partner in his father's banking business, a position which he retained, despite continuing trips to Europe.

paragraph: In 1814, Raikes was at the Hague, where he stayed in the house of the British ambassador, Richard Trench. He visited Paris three times (1814, 1819, and 1820), and spent the winter of 1829–30 in Russia. In 1833, he left London for France, where he remained for eight years. In 1841 the Tory Party took government in the UK, and Raikes, in the hope of securing a post under the patronage of the new Prime Minister, Robert Peel, returned to London. He was unsuccessful in securing a position and divided his time over the next years between London and Paris.

paragraph: In May 1846, in poor health, he went to Bath to take the waters. Thereafter, he bought a house in Brighton, where he died on 3 July 1848.

paragraph: Section::::Dandy and diarist.

paragraph: Raikes was best known in London as a dandy. He spent much of his time there in the fashionable clubs of the West End: he was a member of the Carlton Club, Watier's and White's, where his name appeared regularly in the betting book. In the City, he was nicknamed 'Apollo', because "he rose in the east and set in the west". He was punningly caricatured by Richard Dighton as ""One of the Rake's of London"".

paragraph: Raikes' journal is notable for containing the memoirs of a man who counted among his friends some of the most influential men of his day, including Beau Brummell, the Duke of Wellington, Baron Alvanley, and Talleyrand. A four-volume 'portion' of the journal was published after his death, in 1856-7, and two volumes of "Private Correspondence with the Arthur Wellesley, 2nd Duke of Wellington and other Distinguished Contemporaries" were published, edited by his daughter, in 1861.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Raikes married Sophia Maria Bayly on 4 May 1802. Bayly was the daughter of Jamaican proprietor Nathaniel Bayly. She died on 8 March 1822.

paragraph: With Sophia Maria, Raikes had one son and three daughters. His daughter Harriet became a novelist and editor of her father's correspondence with Arthur Wellesley, 2nd Duke of Wellington.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- One of the Rake's of London - etching of Raikes by Richard Dighton; National Portrait Gallery, UK.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- W. P. Courtney, ‘Raikes, Thomas (1777–1848)’, rev. K. D. Reynolds, "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography", OUP, 2004

wikidata_label: Thomas Raikes

wikipedia_title: Thomas Raikes (dandy)


text:
Curaçao
Dutch West Indies
Curaçao Slave Revolt of 1795
Maria (rebel leader)

categories: 1795 deaths,Curaçao slaves,Rebel slaves,People executed by torture,18th-century births,18th-century executions by the Netherlands

paragraph: Tula (Curaçao)

paragraph: Tula (? - 3 October 1795), also known as Tula Rigaud, was an African man enslaved on the island of Curaçao, in the Dutch West Indies, who liberated himself and led the Curaçao Slave Revolt of 1795. The revolt, which began on 17 August 1795, lasted for more than a month. He was executed on 3 October 1795. He is revered on Curaçao today as a fighter for human rights and independence.

paragraph: The film "" (2013) is based on Tula's life story.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maria (rebel leader)

description: leader of Curaçao Slave Revolt of 1795

wikidata_label: Tula

wikipedia_title: Tula (Curaçao)


text:
courtesy name
Ming dynasty
imperial examination
Hanlin Academy
Jiajing Emperor
Confucius
Yanping
Fujian
filial mourning
Guozijian
Grand Secretariat
Altan Khan
Forbidden City
Gao Gong
Zhang Juzheng
Hai Rui
Great Rites Controversy
Yan Song

paragraph: Xu Jie (Ming dynasty)

paragraph: Xu Jie (; 1512–1578) courtesy name Zisheng (), was a Chinese politician of the Ming dynasty. He was demolished by the emperor who took the suggestion from Zhang Cong and later came back into the capital by the help of Xia Yan, the successor of Zhang Cong. Xu Jie spent over 20 years in the Grand Secretariat and held the position of Chief Grand Secretary about 6 years. One of the most well-known political conflicts during his time was his opposition to the former Senior Grand Secretary, Yan Song. Xu Jie eventually took over the cabinet by the 42nd year Jia Jing Emperor was in reign. In the later period of his political life, Xu Jie tried to improve the efficiency of the Ming cabinet, and in doing so, he provided patronage to many politicians who would become influential in Ming politics.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life.

paragraph: Xu Jie was born in Xuanping, Zhejiang in 1503(sixteenth year of Hongzhi), while his father was working there as the assistant county magistrate. Allegedly, when Xu was less than one year old, he fell into a well but lived on. While he was about five years old, he plummeted from a mountain, but his clothing snagged on a branch and saved him from death.

paragraph: As Xu Jie grew older, he started to study. Once he was reading books in a claim haunted house, locals found him finished his lessons without any accidents, which impressed Xu Jie's father Xu Fu. Followomg the resignation of Xu Fu, Xu Jie went back to his home town, Huating. He studied beside a small lake called "Shao Hu"(), which became his first pseudonym.

paragraph: When he grew up, he was described as a pale and handsome man of short stature. After his eighteenth birthday, Xu Jie gained his degree of Juren by ranked seventh in the provincial civil service examination held at Yingtian in the first year of Jiajing.

paragraph: In 1523, Xu became s "jinshi", ranked third in imperial examination. He began to work at the Hanlin Academy. When the Chief Grand Secretary, Zhang Cong (), advised Jiajing Emperor to replace Confucius's posthumous title "Wenxuan King" () with "Extremely Sage Departed Teacher" () and reform the ceremony for worship, Xu Jie showed himself to be resolutely opposed to that despite being summoned and upbraided by Zhang. To make matters worse, his opposition was deemed to be offensive to the emperor. Then the latter launched a scathing attack on him. Later, Xu submitted a memorial that was probably inappropriate for such an issue: "Your Majesty, your own sagacious counsels overwhelmingly exceeded my discernment ()." The emperor said such an action was ingratiating, and ordered the erection of a "Monument of the Sycophant ()" to ridicule him. What's more, Xu was exiled to Yanping, Fujian.

paragraph: After a period of filial mourning for his mother, he returned to Beijing and was appointed the "Jijiu" (祭酒, [Libationer], the Principal of the Imperial University) of "Guozijian" . After that, he successively served as Vice Minister of Rites, Vice Minister of Personnel, and Minister of Rites, entering the Grand Secretariat in 1552.

paragraph: Xu won prestige among the lower officials, since he seldom appeared condescending to them. When Altan Khan attacked Beijing, he appealed to the emperor to stay in the Forbidden City and convoke a council of senior officials. The emperor agreed and asked him how to respond to Altan Khan's demands. Xu proposed drawing out the negotiations in order to buy time to muster reinforcements; when the reinforcements arrived, the enemy would flee. The emperor was full of praise for his idea.

paragraph: In his term, Xu transferred Gao Gong and Zhang Juzheng into the Grand Secretariat. Also, at one point Hai Rui criticized Jiajing Emperor on an inappropriate occasion, and was sentenced to death. Xu managed to dissuade the emperor and saved Hai Rui. After the death of the Jiajing Emperor, Xu drafted the testamentary edict of the emperor to say that all the imperial rituals, construction, jewellery and textiles that had been required before were no longer needed. Moreover, he declared that the punishments of the Great Rites Controversy should be reversed.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Political struggle with Yan Song.

paragraph: As Xu entered the Grand Secretariat, the heated political struggle between him and Yan Song began. The Jiajing Emperor privileged Xu, but nurtured the distaste at the outset. Yan stressed Xu was disloyal before the emperor, made Xu's position untenable. Xu salvaged the situation with his great talent in "qingci" (, [green poetry]; a special poetry for prayer in the Taoist ceremony was wrote down on a green paper), which delighted the emperor devout to Taoism. Xu was regarded as a schemer even in the official biography. Once Yan Song learned that Qiu Luan (), a frontier official friendly with Xu, was convicted of crimes, Yan had intended to implicate Xu in this case. However, astonished to find out the telltale was Xu himself, he had to drop the plan.

paragraph: The emperor wanted to renovate a palace where he used to live that was destroyed in a fire. He told Yan Song of his intention, but was dissatisfied over Yan Song's suggestion to move back into the Forbidden City. The emperor then turned to Xu, who assured the reconstruction would be finished within several months, supervised by himself. Xu was deemed to be the closest adviser to the emperor instead of Yan ever since. Fearing retaliation in the future, Yan Song hosted a banquet for Xu Jie where his family prostrated themselves before Xu while Yan himself toasted and begged Xu to care for his family if he died some day. Nonetheless, Xu Jie eventually plotted Yan Song's downfall, causing the Yan family to be exiled and Yan's son Yan Shifan to be executed.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Retired life.

paragraph: Xu retired and returned to his hometown in the summer of 1568. His prestige gave his family members and retainers the freedom to make trouble there without fear of retribution. The arable land they encroached measured up to 240,000 "mu" (equivalent of about 33600 acre or 136 km), which had come to Hai Rui's notice. Hai's uncompromising enforcement enraged Xu. So he bribed a censor to impeach Hai.

alias: Wenzhen Cunzhai Huating Shaohuxiansheng Shaohu Zisheng

description: Ming dynasty person CBDB = 68547

wikidata_label: Xu Jie

wikipedia_title: Xu Jie (Ming dynasty)


text:
Bhimsen Thapa
Amar Singh Thapa
Umrao
Bagale Thapa
Ranjore
Kaji
Anglo-Nepalese war
Bhimsen Thapa
Bhimsen Thapa family
Kaji

paragraph: Ranadhoj Thapa

paragraph: Ranadhoj Singh Thapa or Ranadhwaj Singh Thapa () was deputy Prime Minister of Nepal during the administration of Prime Minister Bhimsen Thapa. He was the eldest son of Bada Kazi Amar Singh Thapa, supreme commander of Western front. He was great grandson of Ranjai [of Sirhanchowk] and grandson of Bhim Sen known as Umrao "Bagh" Bhim Singh Thapa, who died in the battle of Palanchowk in 1759 AD. His father was member of Bagale Thapa clan. He had 4 brothers; Bhaktabir Singh, Narsingh, Ramdas and Ranjore Singh, all of whom were Kaji at some point. He was functioning deputy to Mukhtiyar (Prime Minister) during the well known Anglo-Nepalese war. Mukhtiyar Bhimsen Thapa had to share administrative authority with him. Thus, his family was the another influential Bagale Thapa family serving in the royal court with Bhimsen Thapa family, due to their consolidation of power in the central authority. He retired as Kaji of Nepal in the year 1831 A.D. His two sons, Ripu Mardan Thapa and Badal Singh Thapa, also retired as Kaji of Nepal.

description: Assistant Kaji of Nepalese Mukhtiyar

wikidata_label: Ranadhoj Thapa

wikipedia_title: Ranadhoj Thapa


text: 13th Dynasty

text: Second Intermediate Period

text: Memphis

text: Kim Ryholt

text: Turin canon

text: Alan Gardiner

text: Jürgen von Beckerath

text: Abydos

text: Egyptian Museum

text: Neferhotep I

text: Wegaf

text: Medamud

text: Luxor

text: Sobekhotep III

text: 22nd Dynasty

text: Seth

text: Seth-animal

text: donkey

text: Jürgen von Beckerath

text: Sehetepkare Intef

text: Imyremeshaw

text: Sehetepkare Intef

text: Papyrus Boulaq 18

paragraph: Seth Meribre

paragraph: Seth Meribre was the twenty-fourth pharaoh of the 13th Dynasty during the Second Intermediate Period. Seth Meribre reigned from Memphis, ending in 1749 BC or c. 1700 BC. The length of his reign is not known for certain; the Egyptologist Kim Ryholt proposes that he reigned for a short time, certainly less than 10 years.

paragraph: Section::::Attestations.

paragraph: Seth Meribre is only attested for certain on the Turin canon, column 7, line 23 (Alan Gardiner and Jürgen von Beckerath: col. 6 row 23). Ryholt suggests that stele JE35256, discovered in Abydos and now in the Egyptian Museum, was originally inscribed with the nomen, prenomen and Horus name of Seth Meribre. The stele, bearing a date "year 4", was later usurped by Neferhotep I. Previously, historian Anthony Leahy has argued that the stele was erected by Wegaf rather than Seth Meribre, an opinion shared by Darrell Baker. At the opposite end, the site of Medamud, northeast of Luxor has yielded many ruined structures and architectural remains which were probably erected by Seth Meribre but were subsequently usurped by his successor Sobekhotep III. In particular, a lintel from Medamud and now in the Egyptian Museum, JE 44944, bears almost-erased signs corresponding to Seth Meribre's nomen.

paragraph: Jürgen von Beckerath believes that Seth Meribre can be identified with a king mentioned on the genealogy of the Memphite priest Ankhefensekhmet of the much later 22nd Dynasty. This king bears the name "Aaqen", literally "The donkey is strong". Von Beckerath proposes that this refers to Seth Meribre and that the name originally was "Sethqen", that is, "Seth is strong". Indeed, since the god Seth had been ostracized during the 22nd Dynasty, the hieroglyph of the Seth-animal had been replaced by the hieroglyph of the donkey, yielding "Aaqen".

paragraph: Section::::Chronological position and reign length.

paragraph: The Egyptologists Darrell Baker and Kim Ryholt place Seth Meribre as the twenty-fourth ruler of the 13th Dynasty, while Jürgen von Beckerath sees him as the twentieth king. These authors agree, however, that Seth Meribre probably usurped the throne at the expense of his predecessor, Sehetepkare Intef.

paragraph: The duration of Seth Meribre's reign is lost in a lacuna of the Turin canon, except for the end ""... [and] 6 days"". Kim Ryholt gives a total of 10 years for the combined reigns of Imyremeshaw, Sehetepkare Intef and Seth Meribre. Furthermore, following Papyrus Boulaq 18, there are reasons to believe that either Imyremeshaw or Sehetepkare Intef reigned for over 5 years, thus leaving less than 5 years to Seth Meribre.

description: ancient Egyptian sovereign

wikidata_label: Seth Meribre

wikipedia_title: Seth Meribre


text:
Paerisades III
Kamasarye Philoteknos
Spartocid
Bosporan Kingdom
Paerisades IV Philometor
Skilurus
Palacus
Paerisades IV
Scythians
Diophantus
Palacus
Mithridates VI
Diophantus

categories: Rulers of the Bosporan Kingdom,2nd-century BC rulers

paragraph: Paerisades V

paragraph: Paerisades V () was the son of Paerisades III and Kamasarye Philoteknos. He was last Spartocid ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom and ruled from 125 to 109 BC after the death of his brother Paerisades IV Philometor. With his death, ended a dynasty of Bosporan kings that had ruled the Bosporan Kingdom for over 3 centuries, starting in 438 BC with his ancestor Spartokos I.

paragraph: Section::::Reign and Death.

paragraph: The kingdom had been receiving increasing pressure from the nearby Scythians, probably under the rulers Skilurus and Palacus. His elder brother may have been killed by the Scythians, as well as a probable relative named Spartokos VI, though his existence is disputed.

paragraph: He succeeded his elder brother Paerisades IV in 125 BC, who was already under pressure from invading Scythians who may have caused his death, though this is not yet supported. To increase his relationship with the Scythians, he may have adopted an individual named Saumacus. In 108 BC, Diophantus had recently begun attacking the Scythians under Palacus and made his to Panticapaeum. There, he was in talks with Paerisades to secede the Bosporan Kingdom to Mithridates VI in exchange for his survival. The Bosporan Kingdom was suffering at the time an economic crisis and increasing pressure from the Scythians, Diophantus was sent in 107 BC to close the deal, when Saumacus, Paerisades's adoptive Scythian son, started a rebellion which ended in Paerisades's death and Diophantus barely being able to get away.

paragraph: Section::::Aftermath.

paragraph: Diophantus returned with a bigger army, and killed Saumacus. He had secured the throne for Mithridates VI, and was called "the first foreign invader to conquer the Scythians"

wikidata_label: Parisades V

wikipedia_title: Paerisades V


text:
basketball
1980 Summer Olympics

categories: Sportspeople from West Pomeranian Voivodeship,People from Koszalin,1957 births,Olympic basketball players of Poland,Basketball players at the 1980 Summer Olympics,Polish men's basketball players,Living people

paragraph: Dariusz Zelig

paragraph: Dariusz Zelig (born 22 November 1957) is a Polish former basketball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1980 Summer Olympics.

description: Polish basketball player

wikidata_label: Dariusz Zelig

wikipedia_title: Dariusz Zelig


text:
Port Harcourt
Covenant University
Nigeria
University of Surrey
United Kingdom
All Africa Music Awards
The Headies
Falz
Olamide

categories: 1989 births,Songwriters from Rivers State,Covenant University alumni,Singers from Port Harcourt,Living people

paragraph: Ric Hassani

paragraph: Ric Hassani (born Ikechukwu Eric Ahiauzu) is a Nigerian singer, songwriter and musician. Hassani was born on 6 January 1989, in Port Harcourt.

paragraph: Section::::Education.

paragraph: Hassani graduated from the Covenant University in Nigeria and thereafter attended the University of Surrey, United Kingdom where he earned a Masters Degree in Energy Economics.

paragraph: Section::::Musical career.

paragraph: Hassani released his debut album "The African Gentleman" in 2016. He is said to have a dress style that is influenced by his self-acclaimed stance as a gentleman.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Studio albums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The African Gentleman" (2016)

paragraph: Section::::Awards and Nominations.

paragraph: Hassani was nominated in three categories at the 2016 All Africa Music Awards (AFRIMA): Best Artiste in African R&B and Soul, Video of the Year, and Most Promising Artiste. The same year Hassani was also nominated in two categories at The Headies for Best Vocal Performance and Best Alternative Song for his single "Gentleman".

paragraph: In December 2018, Hassani won the Galaxy Music Awards for Best Collaboration for his song, Believe which featured Falz and Olamide.

wikidata_label: Ric Hassani

wikipedia_title: Ric Hassani


text: Otto I of Meissen

text: Weimar

text: Orlamünde

text: Adalbert II of Ballenstedt

text: count palatine

text: Herman II

text: Henry of Laach

text: Otto I of Meissen

text: Adela of Louvain

text: Egbert II of Meissen

text: Iziaslav I of Kiev

text: Wiprecht von Groitzsch

text: Adalbert II of Ballenstedt

text: House of Ascania

text: Egeno II of Konradsburg

text: Otto the Rich

text: Siegfried

text: Count Palatine of the Rhine

text: count palatine

text: Herman II of Lotharingia

text: Ezzonid dynasty

text: Albert III of Namur

text: Dalhem

text: Henry of Laach

text: House of Luxembourg

text: Maria Laach

text: Virgin Mary

text: Saint Nicholas

text: seals

text: bust

text: fleur-de-lis

text: sceptre

text: quatrefoil

text: pilgrimage

text: Rome

categories: 11th-century German people,11th-century German women,German countesses,Countesses Palatine of Germany

paragraph: Adelaide of Weimar-Orlamünde

paragraph: Adelaide of Weimar-Orlamünde ( - 28. March 1100) was the daughter of Otto I of Meissen and a member of the family of the counts of Weimar and Orlamünde. She married successively, Adalbert II of Ballenstedt, count palatine Herman II, and Henry of Laach.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Adelaide was the daughter and heiress of Otto I of Meissen and his wife, Adela of Louvain.Her older sisters were Oda, who married Egbert II of Meissen, and Cunigunda, who married Yaropluk, son of Iziaslav I of Kiev, then Kuno of Nordheim, and finally Wiprecht von Groitzsch.

paragraph: Section::::First Marriage.

paragraph: Adelaide’s first husband was Adalbert II of Ballenstedt, a member of the House of Ascania. Around 1079, Adalbert was murdered by Egeno II of Konradsburg in 1079. With Adalbert, Adelaide had two sons:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Otto the Rich ( – 1123), Count of Ballenstedt

paragraph: BULLET::::- Siegfried ( – 1113), Count of Weimar-Orlamünde, Count Palatine of the Rhine from 1095/97.

paragraph: Section::::Second marriage.

paragraph: After Adalbert’s death, Adelaide married for a second time, around 1080, to count palatine Herman II of Lotharingia, a member of the Ezzonid dynasty. Hermann was killed in a duel with Albert III of Namur, in a battle near Dalhem on 20th September 1085. With Hermann II, Adelaide had two children, both of whom died in infancy before 1085, and whose names are unknown.

paragraph: Section::::Third marriage.

paragraph: After Hermann’s death in 1085, Adelaide married again. Her third husband was Henry of Laach from the House of Luxembourg. From at least 1097 onwards, Henry was the successor to some of the lands and titles of Adelaide’s previous husband, Hermann II, calling himself ‘count palatine of the Rhine’. Adelaide and Henry’s marriage was childless. Henry adopted Siegfried, Adelaide’s younger son from her marriage to Adalbert, as his heir. After Henry’s death in 1099, Siegfried succeeded him as count palatine of the Rhine.

paragraph: Section::::Foundation of Maria Laach Abbey.

paragraph: In 1093 Adelaide and her third husband, Henry, founded the abbey of Maria Laach, with property which Adelaide had inherited from her father, Otto. The abbey was dedicated to the Virgin Mary and to Saint Nicholas. Construction work on the abbey was interrupted by Adelaide’s death in 1100. It was not until 1112 that Adelaide’s son, Siegfried, renewed and completed the building work.

paragraph: Section::::Seal.

paragraph: One of the earliest surviving women’s seals is attached to a charter issued by Adelaide in 1097.

paragraph: The seal legend (writing around the edge of the seal) refers to Adelaide as ‘Adelaide, countess palatine’ ("Adelheit palatina comitizsa"). The image on the seal depicts the profile bust of a veiled female figure, holding an open book and a fleur-de-lis sceptre ending in a quatrefoil.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Adelaide died in 1100, a year after Henry, while on a pilgrimage to Rome.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wolf Heino Struck, "Quellen zur Geschichte der Klöster und Stifte im Gebeit der mittleren Lahn bis zum Ausgang des Mittelalters" 1 (1956).

paragraph: BULLET::::- H Beyer, L Elester, A Goerz, "Urkundenbuch zur Geschichte der jetzt die preußischen Regierungsbezirke Coblenz und Trier bildenden mittelrheinischen Territorien" 1 (1860).

paragraph: BULLET::::- T. Vogelsang, "Die Frau als Herrscherin im hohen Mittelalter" (1950).

paragraph: BULLET::::- A. Stieldorf, "Rheinische Frauensiegel. Studien zur rechtlichen und sozialen Stellung weltlicher Frauen im 13. und 14. Jahrhundert" (Cologne, 1999).

paragraph: BULLET::::- A. Thiele, "Erzählende genealogische Stammtafeln zur europäischen Geschichte" Band I, Teilband 1 Deutsche Kaiser-, Königs-, Herzogs- und Grafenhäuser I"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Loud, Graham A.; Schenk, Jochen, eds. (2017). "The Origins of the German Principalities, 1100-1350: Essays by German Historians". Routledge.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Genealogie-Mittelalter: Adelheid von Weimar-Orlamünde (in German)

description: daughter of Otto I of Meissen

wikidata_label: Adelaide of Weimar-Orlamünde

wikipedia_title: Adelaide of Weimar-Orlamünde


text:
Bengali
Indian independence movement
Amta
Howrah district
Anushilan Samiti
Kolkata
Haridas Dutta
Jugantar
Srishh Pal
Rodda company arms heist
The Statesman
North East India
China

wikipedia_title:
Bengalis
Indian independence movement
Amta
Howrah district
Anushilan Samiti
Kolkata
Haridas Dutta
Jugantar
Srish Pal
Rodda company arms heist
The Statesman (India)
Northeast India
China

categories: Bengali people,People from Howrah district,Indian revolutionaries,Anushilan Samiti,1915 deaths,People shot dead by law enforcement officers

paragraph: Shrish Chandra Mitra

paragraph: Srish Chandra Mitra or Habu was a Bengali revolutionary and active member of Indian independence movement.

paragraph: Section::::Revolutionary activities.

paragraph: Mitra was born in Raspur village, Amta, Howrah district. He was popularly known as Habu Mitra. He joined in Anushilan Samiti and entered in British gun maker Rodda Company as an employee. Mitra was aware of a major consignment of arms and ammunition being shipped to the Company in August 1914 and planned to loot the arms for revolutionaries. On 26 August, he headed to the Customs house in Kolkata to receive the shipment on behalf of Rodda & Co. With him were seven Bullock carts. Haridas Dutta, a member of Jugantar was dressed as the cart-driver for one of the carts Mitra took with him. Total of 202 boxes received by Mitra, Srishh Pal and Khagendra Nath Das assisted him to reach those ammunition towards Mononga Lane via Mission row. British police described that Mitra was the mastermind of the Rodda company arms heist. "The Statesman", in its edition on 30 August 1914 described the heist as 'The greatest daylight robbery'.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: He remained underground as per the instruction of the Anushilan Samiti and went to North East India to avoid arrest. In 1915 Mitra decided to go to China by road that passing through the jungles but could not succeed to cross the border and shot dead by frontier guards.

alias:
Habu
Habu Mittir

description: Indian revolutionary

wikidata_label: Shrish Chandra Mitra

wikipedia_title: Shrish Chandra Mitra


text: Colombia Barrancabermeja Santander

categories: 1989 births,People from Santander Department,Living people,Colombian male cyclists

paragraph: Marvin Angarita

paragraph: Marvin Angarita Reyes, is a Colombian cyclist born on April 11, 1989 in Barrancabermeja, Santander. He made his professional debut in 2011, with the .

paragraph: Section::::Major results.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2010

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2012

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.cyclingarchives.com/coureurfiche.php?coureurid=58822

description: Colombian cyclist

wikidata_label: Marvin Angarita

wikipedia_title: Marvin Angarita


text:
Mi'kmaq people
Shubenacadie, Nova Scotia
Indian Brook 14, Nova Scotia
Acadians
Bay of Fundy
Father Le Loutre’s War
French and Indian War
Miramichi, New Brunswick
Treaty of 1752
Supreme Court of Canada
Treaty Day
Father Rale's War
King William's War
Father Le Loutre’s War
Acadian Exodus
Isthmus of Chignecto
Edward Cornwallis
Battle at Chignecto
Fort Lawrence
Peregrine Hopson
Father Rale's War

categories: Military history of Acadia,Military history of Nova Scotia,People from Miramichi, New Brunswick,Native American leaders,1698 births,Indigenous leaders in Atlantic Canada,Acadian history

paragraph: Jean-Baptiste Cope

paragraph: Jean Baptiste Cope (Kopit in Mi’kmaq meaning ‘beaver’) was also known as Major Cope, a title he was probably given from the French military, the highest rank given to Mi’kmaq. Cope was the sakamaw (chief) of the Mi'kmaq people of Shubenacadie, Nova Scotia (Indian Brook 14, Nova Scotia/ Mi’kma'ki). He maintained close ties with the Acadians along the Bay of Fundy, speaking French and being Catholic. During Father Le Loutre’s War, Cope participated in both military efforts to resist the British and also efforts to create peace with the British. During the French and Indian War he was at Miramichi, New Brunswick, where he is presumed to have died during the war. Cope is perhaps best known for signing the Treaty of 1752 with the British, which was upheld in the Supreme Court of Canada in 1985 and is celebrated every year along with other treaties on Treaty Day (October 1).

paragraph: Section::::Father Rale's War.

paragraph: Cope was born in Port Royal and the oldest child of six. During Father Rale's War, at the young age of 28, Cope was probably one of a number of Mi’kmaq who signed the peace treaty, which ended the war between the New Englanders and the Mi’kmaq.

paragraph: Section::::King William’s War.

paragraph: During King William's War, Cope was a leader in the Shubenacadie region. There were between 50-150 Mi’kmaq families and a few Acadian farms in the river valley close to the principal Mi’kmaq village named Copequoy. The village had become the site of a Catholic mission in 1722. (The location became a site of two major annual events, All Saints Day and Pentecost, which attracted Mi’kmaq from great distances.)

paragraph: Le Loutre took over the Shubenacadie mission in 1737. During King William’s War, Cope and Le Loutre worked together in several engagements against the British forces.

paragraph: Section::::Father Le Loutre’s War.

paragraph: At the outbreak of Father Le Loutre’s War, the Catholic missionary began to lead the Mi’kmaq and Acadian Exodus out of peninsular Nova Scotia to settle in French-ruled territory. Dozens of Mi’kmaq from Shubenacadie accepted Le Loutre’s offer and followed him to the Isthmus of Chignecto. But Cope and at least ninety other Mi’kmaq refused to abandon their homes on the Shubenacadie. While Cope may have initially not supported the French initiatives, he would quickly reconsider after Edward Cornwallis establishing Halifax.

paragraph: By unilaterally establishing Halifax, the Mi'kmaq believed that the British were violating earlier treaties (1726). He tried to set up peace treaties, but failed. Cornwallis offered to New England Rangers a bounty for the scalps of Mi’kmaq families just as the French had offered a bounty to the Mi’kmaq for the scalps of British families. At the same time the British were adopting an uncomplicated, racially based view of local politics, several leaders of the Micmac community were developing a similar stance. According to historian Geoffery Plank, both combatants understood their conflict as a "race war", and that the Mi’kmaq and British were "singlemindedly" determined to drive each other from the peninsula of Nova Scotia.

paragraph: After the establishment of Halifax, Cope seems to have joined Le Loutre at the Isthmus of Chignecto. Stationed in this region, through a series of raids, Cope and the other Mi’kmaq war leaders were able to confine the new settlers to the vicinity of Halifax. British plans to scatter Protestants across peninsular Nova Scotia were temporarily undermined.

paragraph: Section::::Father Le Loutre’s War.:Battle at Chignecto.

paragraph: After the Battle at Chignecto on September 3, 1750, Le Loutre and the French retreated to Beausejour ridge and Lawrence began to build Fort Lawrence on the former Acadian community of Beaubassin. Almost a month after the battle, on October 15, Cope, disguised in a French officer's uniform, approached the British under a white flag of truce and killed Captain Edward Howe.

paragraph: Section::::Father Le Loutre’s War.:Peace Treaty (1752).

paragraph: After eighteen months of inconclusive fighting, uncertainties and second thoughts began to disturb both the Mi’kmaq and the British communities. By the summer of 1751 Governor Cornwallis began a more conciliatory policy. For more than a year, Cornwallis sought out Mi’kmaq leaders willing to negotiate a peace. He eventually gave up, resigned his commission and left the colony.

paragraph: With a new Governor in place, Governor Peregrine Hopson, the first and only willing Mi’kmaq negotiator was Cope. On 22 November 1752, Cope finished negotiating a peace for the Mi’kmaq at Shubenacadie. The basis of the treaty was the one signed in Boston which closed Father Rale's War (1725).

description: Mi'kmaq leader

wikidata_label: Jean-Baptiste Cope

wikipedia_title: Jean-Baptiste Cope


text: Canadian

text: bishop

text: Roman Catholic Church

text: Windsor, Ontario

text: Roman Catholic Diocese of Timmins

text: John Paul II

text: Sault Sainte Marie

text: Jean-Louis Plouffe

text: Alexandria-Cornwall

text: Benedict XVI

text: Gatineau

text: Catholic-Hierarchy

text: Archdiocese of Gatineau

categories: Canadian Roman Catholic priests,20th-century Roman Catholic bishops,21st-century Roman Catholic bishops,1954 births,Living people,People from Windsor, Ontario

paragraph: Paul-André Durocher

paragraph: Paul-André Durocher (born May 28, 1954) is a Canadian bishop of the Roman Catholic Church.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Paul-André Durocher was born in Windsor, Ontario, on May 28, 1954. He was ordained a priest for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Timmins, Ontario, on July 2, 1982.

paragraph: Pope John Paul II appointed Durocher Auxiliary Bishop of Sault Sainte Marie, Ontario, on January 20, 1997, and designated him as the titular bishop of Ausuaga. Durocher's episcopal consecration took place on March 14, 1997, with Bishop Jean-Louis Plouffe as the principal consecrator.

paragraph: On April 27, 2002, Durocher was appointed Bishop of Alexandria-Cornwall, Ontario.

paragraph: On October 12, 2011, Pope Benedict XVI appointed Durocher as Archbishop of Gatineau, Quebec. Archbishop Durocher was installed on November 30, 2011. He participated in the Third Extraordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops, where he advocated the ordination of women to the diaconate.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic-Hierarchy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Archdiocese of Gatineau (French)

description: Roman Catholic bishop

wikidata_label: Paul-André Durocher

wikipedia_title: Paul-André Durocher


text:
Beaurevoir
Richebourg
Count of Brienne
Conversano
Guy I of Luxembourg, Count of Ligny
Margaret, Countess of Brienne
Louis of Enghien
Enghien
Peter I of Luxembourg
Count of Saint-Pol
Count of Brienne
John II of Luxembourg, Count of Ligny
Louis of Luxembourg
Battle of Agincourt
GeneAll.net
Genealogical database by Herbert Stoyan

categories: Counts of Brienne,House of Luxembourg,Counts of Conversano,1397 deaths

paragraph: John of Luxembourg, Lord of Beauvoir

paragraph: John of Luxembourg ("Jean de Luxembourg") ( – bef. 2 July 1397, Italy), was Lord of Beauvoir (or Beaurevoir) and Richebourg, and also (as "John II") Count of Brienne and Conversano ().

paragraph: He was a son of Guy I of Luxembourg, Count of Ligny and Mahaut de Châtillon (1335–1378), Countess of Saint-Pol.

paragraph: John married around 1387 with Margaret, Countess of Brienne, daughter of Louis of Enghien, heiress of the counties of Brienne and of Conversano, and the Lordship of Enghien.

paragraph: They had five children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Peter I of Luxembourg (1390 – 31 August 1433), Count of Saint-Pol and Count of Brienne.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John II of Luxembourg, Count of Ligny (1392 – 5 January 1441), inherited the title of Beauvoir from his father, and the title of Ligny from his aunt, Jeanne of Luxembourg.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Louis of Luxembourg (died 18 September 1443). He was a statesman and a high-ranking churchman.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catherine of Luxembourg (born c. 1393)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jeanne of Luxembourg (died 1420), married firstly, on 8 September 1415, Louis, Seigneur de Ghistelles (killed at the Battle of Agincourt); she married secondly on 28 October 1419, Jean IV, Viscount of Melun, Constable of Flanders.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- GeneAll.net

paragraph: BULLET::::- Genealogical database by Herbert Stoyan

description: Count of Brienne

wikidata_label: John of Luxembourg, Lord of Beauvoir

wikipedia_title: John of Luxembourg, Lord of Beauvoir


text: French Canadian

text: Champlain, Quebec

text: Dubuque, Iowa

text: Meskwaki

text: Peosta, Iowa

text: National Mississippi River Museum

text: Karen T. Taylor

text: Dubuque, Iowa

text: Dubuque County, Iowa

text: The Iowa History Project

text: The National Mississippi River Museum

categories: People of pre-statehood Iowa,French Quebecers,Dubuque, Iowa,1810 deaths,1762 births,French North America

paragraph: Julien Dubuque

paragraph: Julien Dubuque (January 1762 – 24 March 1810) was a French Canadian of Norman origins from the area of Champlain, Quebec who arrived near what now is known as Dubuque, Iowa – which was named after him. He was one of the first European men to settle in the area. He initially received permission from the Meskwaki Indian tribe to mine the lead in 1788. Subsequently the Spanish confirmed that by giving him a land grant in 1796.

paragraph: Once he had received permission from the Meskwaki to mine lead, Dubuque remained in the area for the rest of his life. He befriended the local Meskwaki chief Peosta – for whom the nearby town of Peosta, Iowa is named. It is widely believed that Dubuque married Peosta's daughter, who was supposedly named "Potosa"; however, there is no evidence that this was ever the case. Those who back the marriage claim point to letters that mention a Madame Dubuque as meaning Dubuque's wife.

paragraph: After his death, the Meskwaki built a log crypt for Dubuque, which was replaced in the late 19th century by an imposing stone monument.

paragraph: The name "Potosa" often appears in fanciful origin stories for the name Potosi, a small Wisconsin town located north of Dubuque, Iowa, which was founded in the 1830s as a lead-mining settlement.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Dubuque is remembered as the first European to settle in what would become the state of Iowa. He is remembered as a friend of the Native Americans in the area and a champion of their cause. Dubuque was also a generous man who spent lavishly on many friends - this had the unfortunate effect of keeping him in debt during the later part of his life.

paragraph: When what would eventually become Iowa was opened up to European settlement, the settlement in the area where he had mined was named after him. It was known by several names, including DuBuque's Mines. Eventually, the village became the first city in Iowa, and was named Dubuque in memory of Julien Dubuque. Dubuque's resting place and memorial lie on a cliff facing the Mississippi river at the Julien Dubuque Monument in the Mines of Spain State Recreation Area and E. B. Lyons Nature Center.

paragraph: Section::::Dubuque facial reconstruction.

paragraph: In 2012, members of the Dubuque County Historical Society and curators at the National Mississippi River Museum asked forensic artist Karen T. Taylor to create a facial reconstruction based on the skull of Dubuque. Upon his death in 1810, he was buried on a high bluff overlooking the Mississippi River. In the late 1800s, the original log mausoleum was replaced by the limestone tower and monument at the same site. At that time, excellent photographs were made of Dubuque's skull prior to reburial.

paragraph: Though Dubuque's actual skull now lies buried under many feet of concrete, Taylor was able to use the multiple 1887 photographs, along with historic and anthropological inputs to create a reasonable depiction of his appearance in life. The facial reconstruction images are on display at the National Mississippi River Museum & Aquarium in Dubuque, Iowa.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Julien Dubuque is the namesake of Dubuque, Iowa and Dubuque County, Iowa.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Karen T. Taylor, Behance Portfolio: Julien Dubuque Reconstruction

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Iowa History Project

paragraph: BULLET::::- The National Mississippi River Museum

description: French Canadian explorer

wikidata_label: Julien Dubuque

wikipedia_title: Julien Dubuque


text:
emperor
Song dynasty
calligrapher
Emperor Shenzong
Emperor Zhezong
Jurchen
Jin dynasty
Jin–Song Wars
Zhao Huan
Emperor Qinzong
Taishang Huang
Bianjing
Jingkang Incident
Huining Prefecture
Emperor Taizong of Jin
Emperor Gaozong
Wuguo
Taoism
poetry
painting
calligraphy
music
Wang Anshi
New Policies
Nine Tripod Cauldrons
Jurchens
Jin Dynasty
Khitan
Liao dynasty
Jin Dynasty
Yellow River
Bianjing
Zhao Huan
Emperor Qinzong
Yangtze River
Nianhan
Qinzong
Jingkang Incident
Shangjing
Harbin
Zhao Gou
Bianjing
Southern Song Dynasty
Emperor Gaozong
Emperor Qinzong
Heilongjiang
Shangjing
Emperor Taizong
Emperor Qinzong
Khitan
Liao dynasty
Tianzuo Emperor
Yelü
Wanyan Liang
Treaty of Shaoxing
commandery
Wei River
painter
poet
calligrapher
guqin
Zhang Xuan
Court Ladies Preparing Newly Woven Silk
era name
mounting paintings in scroll format
Goryeo
Yejong
Gaeseong
yayue
aak
Treatise on Tea
tea ceremony
Zhao Mengfu
Zhao Xu
Empress Xiangong
Zhao Huan
Wanyan Dan
Empress Xiansu
Wanyan Sheng
Wanyan Dan
Wanyan Helibo
Cai Jing
Wanyan Min
Wanyan Xiyin
Wanyan Zonghan
Zhao Gou
Wanyan Min
Wanyan Sheng
Wanyan Min
Wanyan Dan
Wanyan Zonghan
Wanyan Zonghan
Wanyan Zongbi
Wanyan Dan
Wanyan Dan
Wanyan Dan
Wanyan Zonghan
Chinese emperors family tree (middle)
List of emperors of the Song dynasty
Architecture of the Song dynasty
Culture of the Song dynasty
Economy of the Song dynasty
History of the Song dynasty
Society of the Song dynasty
Technology of the Song dynasty
online review
Partial text
Journal of Song-Yuan Studies

categories: Song Huizong,1082 births,Song dynasty musicians,Northern Song emperors,12th-century Chinese calligraphers,1135 deaths,Song dynasty painters,12th-century Chinese painters,People from Kaifeng,Jin dynasty (1115–1234) painters,Monarchs imprisoned and detained during war,Guqin players,Chinese tea masters,Musicians from Henan,Jin dynasty (1115–1234) musicians,Monarchs who abdicated,Painters from Henan,11th-century Chinese monarchs,Chinese bird artists,Song dynasty calligraphers,12th-century Chinese monarchs

paragraph: Emperor Huizong of Song

paragraph: Emperor Huizong of Song (7 June 1082 – 4 June 1135), personal name Zhao Ji, was the eighth emperor of the Song dynasty in China. He was also a very well-known calligrapher. Born as the 11th son of Emperor Shenzong, he ascended the throne in 1100 upon the death of his elder brother and predecessor, Emperor Zhezong, because Emperor Zhezong's only son died prematurely. He lived in luxury, sophistication and art in the first half of his life. In 1126, when the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty invaded the Song dynasty during the Jin–Song Wars, Emperor Huizong abdicated and passed on his throne to his eldest son, Zhao Huan who assumed the title Emperor Qinzong while Huizong assumed the honorary title of "Taishang Huang" (or "Retired Emperor"). The following year, the Song capital, Bianjing, was conquered by Jin forces in an event historically known as the Jingkang Incident. Emperor Huizong, along with Emperor Qinzong and the rest of their family, were taken captive by the Jurchens and brought back to the Jin capital, Huining Prefecture in 1128. The Jurchen ruler, Emperor Taizong of Jin, gave the former Emperor Huizong a title, Duke Hunde (literally "Besotted Duke"), to humiliate him. After his surviving son, Zhao Gou, declared himself as the dynasty's tenth emperor as Emperor Gaozong, the Jurchens used him, Qinzong, and other imperial family members to put pressure on Gaozong and his court to surrender. Emperor Huizong died in Wuguo after spending about nine years in captivity.

paragraph: Despite his incompetence in rulership, Emperor Huizong was known for his promotion of Taoism and talents in poetry, painting, calligraphy and music. He sponsored numerous artists at his imperial court, and the catalogue of his collection listed over 6,000 known paintings.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Emperor Huizong, besides his partaking in state affairs that favoured the reformist party that supported Wang Anshi's New Policies, was a cultured leader who spent much of his time admiring the arts. He was a collector of paintings, calligraphy, and antiques of previous dynasties, building huge collections of each for his amusement. He wrote poems of his own, was known as an avid painter, created his own calligraphy style, had interests in architecture and garden design, and even wrote treatises on medicine and Taoism. He assembled an entourage of painters that were first pre-screened in an examination to enter as official artists of the imperial court, and made reforms to court music. Like many learned men of his age, he was quite a polymath personality, and is even considered to be one of the greatest Chinese artists of all time. However, his reign would be forever scarred by the decisions made (by counsel he received) on handling foreign policy, as the end of his reign marked a period of disaster for the Song Empire.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Jurchen Invasion.

paragraph: Emperor Huizong neglected the military, and the Song dynasty became increasingly weak and at the mercy of foreign invaders, despite his recasting of the symbolic Nine Tripod Cauldrons in 1106 in an attempt to assert his authority. When the Jurchens founded the Jin Dynasty and attacked the Khitan-led Liao dynasty to the north of the Song, the Song dynasty allied with the Jin Dynasty and attacked the Liao from the south. This succeeded in destroying the Liao, a longtime enemy of the Song.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Abdication.

paragraph: However, an enemy of the even more formidable Jin dynasty was now on the northern border. Not content with the annexation of the Liao domain, and perceiving the weakness of the Song army, the Jurchens soon declared war on their former ally, and by the beginning of 1126, the troops of the Jin "Western Vice-Marshal" Wolibu crossed the Yellow River and came in sight of Bianjing, the capital of the Song Empire. Realizing his mistakes, Huizong took the blame for everything that went wrong and stricken with panic, Emperor Huizong intended to flee but was convinced by his officials to abdicate first and then flee. Huizong then feigned a stroke because Huizong in his words said that "I must use the excuse of illness. I am afraid of disorder breaking out." He then abdicated on 18 January 1126 in favour of his eldest son, Zhao Huan who is historically now known as Emperor Qinzong (欽宗).

paragraph: However, Qinzong sternly refused the throne, even pushing the robes off. Huizong, still feigning a stroke, wrote with his left hand "If you do not accept, you are unfilial." Qinzong said in response "If I accept, then I am unfilial." Even when Huizong summoned his empress, Qinzong still declined until Huizong ordered his eunuchs to forcibly put him on the throne. Qinzong finally gave in eventually accepting the throne. Huizong then departed the capital to flee in the countryside.

paragraph: Section::::Capture.

paragraph: Overcoming the walls of Bianjing was a difficult undertaking for the Jurchen cavalry, and this, together with fierce resistance from some Song officials who had not totally lost their nerve, as Emperor Huizong had, and Qinzong giving a town, resulted in the Jurchens lifting the siege of Bianjing and returning north. The Song Empire, however, had to sign a humiliating treaty with the Jin Empire, agreeing to pay a colossal war indemnity and to give a tribute to the Jurchens every year. From 1126 until 1138, refugees from the Song Empire migrated south towards the Yangtze River. Huizong returned from the countryside and resumed his normal activities after hearing that the siege was lifted although he was effectively under house arrest by Qinzong.

paragraph: But even such humiliating terms could not save the Song dynasty. Within a matter of months, the troops of both Jurchen vice-marshals, Wolibu and Nianhan, were back south again, and this time they were determined to overcome the walls of Bianjing after Qinzong wanted to form an Anti-Jin alliance with two Liao nobles who were actually on the Jurchens side. After a bitter siege, the Jurchens eventually entered Bianjing on 9 January 1127, and many days of looting, rapes, and massacre followed. Most of the entire imperial court and harem were captured by the Jurchens in an event known historically as the Jingkang Incident, and transported north, mostly to the Jin capital of Shangjing (in present-day Harbin). After Qinzong was captured, Emperor Huizong, was persuaded to turn himself in, however, they captured Huizong. When Huizong got to see Qinzong, they cried and hugged each other with Huizong stating "If you had listened to the old man, we would have avoided this disaster."

paragraph: One of the many sons of Emperor Huizong, Zhao Gou was not present in Bianjing where he went to Southern China where, after many years of struggle, he would establish the Southern Song Dynasty, of which he was the first ruler, Emperor Gaozong.

paragraph: Emperors Huizong and the former Emperor Qinzong were demoted to the rank of commoners by the Jurchens on 20 March 1127. Then on 10 May 1127, Emperor Huizong was deported to Heilongjiang, where he spent the last eight years of his life as a captive. In 1128, in a humiliating episode, the two former Song Emperors had to venerate the Jin ancestors at their shrine in Shangjing, wearing mourning dress. The Jurchen ruler, Emperor Taizong, granted the two former Song emperors degrading titles to humiliate them: Emperor Huizong was called "Duke Hunde" (; literally "Besotted Duke") while Emperor Qinzong was called "Marquis Chonghun" (; literally "Doubly Besotted Marquis").

paragraph: The Song male Chinese princes who were captured were given Khitan women to marry from the Liao dynasty palace by the Jin Jurchens, who had also defeated and conquered the Khitan. The original Chinese wives of the Song princes were confiscated and replaced with Khitan ones. One of the Song Emperor Huizong's sons was given a Khitan consort from the Liao palace and another one of his sons was given a Khitan princess by the Jin at the Jin Supreme capital. The Jin Jurchens continued to give new wives to the captured Song royals, the grandsons and sons of Song Emperor Huizong after they took away their original Chinese wives. The Jin Jurchens told the Chinese Song royals that they were fortunate because the Liao Khitan royals were being treated much worse by the Jurchen than the Song Chinese royals, Jurchen soldiers were given the children of the Liao Khitan Tianzuo Emperor as gifts while the Song Emperor was allowed to keep his children while he was in captivity. The Jurchens had sacked and destroyed the Khitan Liao supreme capital and burned the ancestral tombs of the Liao Emperors. Emperor Tianzuo of Liao was executed by the Jurchens during a polo match. Khitan Liao royal princesses from the Yelü family and Xiao family were also distributed to Jurchen Jin princes as concubine. Jurchen Prince Wanyan Liang married the Khitan women Lady Xiao (蕭氏), Consort Chen (宸妃)Lady Yelü (耶律氏), Consort Li (麗妃) Lady Yelü (耶律氏), Consort Rou (柔妃) and Lady Yelü (耶律氏), Zhaoyuan (昭媛).

paragraph: In 1137, the Jin Empire formally notified the Southern Song Empire about the death of the former Emperor Huizong. Emperor Huizong, who had lived in opulence and art for the first half of his life, died a broken man in faraway northern Heilongjiang in June 1135, at the age of 52.

paragraph: A few years later (1141), as the peace negotiations leading up to the Treaty of Shaoxing between the Jin and the Song empires were proceeding, the Jin Empire posthumously honored the former Emperor Huizong with the neutral-sounding title of "Prince of Tianshui Commandery" (天水郡王), after a commandery in the upper reaches of the Wei River.

paragraph: Section::::Art, calligraphy, music, and culture.

paragraph: Emperor Huizong was a great painter, poet, and calligrapher. He was also a player of the "guqin" (as exemplified by his famous painting 聽琴圖 "Listening to the Qin"); he also had a "Wanqin Tang" (萬琴堂; "10,000 Qin Hall") in his palace.

paragraph: The emperor took huge efforts to search for art masters. He established the "Hanlin Huayuan" (翰林畫院; "Hanlin imperial painting house") where top painters around China shared their best works.

paragraph: The primary subjects of his paintings are birds and flowers. Among his works is "Five-Colored Parakeet on Blossoming Apricot Tree". He also recopied Zhang Xuan's painting "Court Ladies Preparing Newly Woven Silk", and Emperor Huizong's reproduction is the only copy of that painting that survives today.

paragraph: Emperor Huizong invented the "Slender Gold" (瘦金體) style of calligraphy. The name "Slender Gold" came from the fact that the emperor's writing resembled gold filament, twisted and turned.

paragraph: One of the emperor's era names, Xuanhe, is also used to describe a style of mounting paintings in scroll format. In this style, black borders are added between some of the silk planes.

paragraph: In 1114, following a request from the Goryeo ruler Yejong, Emperor Huizong sent to the palace in the Goryeo capital at Gaeseong a set of musical instruments to be used for royal banquet music. Two years later, in 1116, he sent another, even larger gift of musical instruments (numbering 428 in total) to the Goryeo court, this time "yayue" instruments, beginning that nation's tradition of "aak".

paragraph: Emperor Huizong was also a great tea enthusiast. He wrote the "Treatise on Tea", the most detailed and masterful description of the Song sophisticated style of tea ceremony.

paragraph: Emperor Huizong's famous descendant was Zhao Mengfu through his daughter Zhao Jinluo.

paragraph: Section::::Titles from birth.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince of Suining Commandery (遂寧郡王)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince of Duan (端王)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Emperor (皇帝)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Emperor Jiaozhu Daojun (教主道君皇帝)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Duke Hunde (昏德公)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince of Tianshui Commandery (天水郡王)

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Parents:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Xu, Shenzong (; 1048–1085)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Empress Qinci, of the Chen clan (; 1058–1089)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Consorts and Issue:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Empress Xiangong, of the Wang clan (; 1084–1108)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Huan, Qinzong (; 1100–1156), first son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Rongde (; b. 1103), personal name Jinnu (), second (second) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Cao Cheng (; 1104–1127) in 1115

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Chang (; d. 1139) in 1127

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Dan (1119–1150) in 1139

paragraph: BULLET::::- Empress Xiansu, of the Zheng clan (; 1079–1131)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Jiade (; 1100–1141), personal name Yupan (), first (first) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Ceng Yin (; b. 1100) in 1115, and had issue (two daughters)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Zongpan (; d. 1139), the first son of Wanyan Sheng, in 1127

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zhao Cheng, Prince Yan" (; 1101), second son

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Princess Shoushu" (), fourth daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Ande (; 1106–1127), personal name Jinluo (), eighth (third) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Song Bangguang (; b. 1106), and had issue (one daughter)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Dumu (; 1090–1129), the 11th son of Wanyan Helibo, in 1127

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Princess Rongshu" (), 11th daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Chengde (; b. 1110), personal name Hu'er (), 13th (fifth) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Xiang Zifang (; b. 1110)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Empress Mingda, of the Liu clan (; d. 1113)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Princess Anshu" (), sixth daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Maode (; 1106–1128), personal name Fujin (), ninth (fourth) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Cai Tiao (; b. 1107), the fifth son of Cai Jing, in 1120, and had issue (one son)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Zongwang (; d. 1127), the second son of Wanyan Min, in 1127

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Xiyin (d. 1140) in 1127

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Yu, Prince Yi (; 1107–1137), eighth son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Mo, Prince Qi (; 1107–1138), 11th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Xunde (; b. 1110), personal name Fujin (), 14th (sixth) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Tian Pi (; b. 1110)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Sheyema (), the first son of Wanyan Zonghan, in 1127

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Zhen, Prince Xin (; 1111–1139), 18th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Empress Mingjie, of the Liu clan (; 1088–1121)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zhao Yang, Prince Jian'an" (; 1115–1127), 25th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Hefu (; b. 1116), personal name Jinzhu (), 29th (17th) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zhao Yi, Duke Jia" (; 1118–1130), 26th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Si, Duke Ying (; b. 1120), 28th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Empress Xianren, of the Wei clan (; 1080–1159)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Gou, Gaozong (; 1107–1187), ninth son

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Guifei", of the Wang clan (; d. 1117)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Princess Huishu" (), fifth daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Princess Kangshu" (), tenth daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Zhi, Prince Shen (; 1108–1148), 12th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Roufu (; 1111–1142), personal name Huanhuan (), 20th (tenth) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Zongxian (; d. 1150) in 1127

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Sheng (1075–1135) in 1127

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Zongxian (; d. 1150)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Xu Hai ()

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Xianfu (; 1112–1127), personal name Jin'er (), 26th (15th) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zhao Ji, Duke Chen" (; 1114), 22nd son

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Guifei", of the Wang clan ()

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Kai, Prince Yun (; 1101–1130), third son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Chongde (; d. 1121), seventh daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Cao Shi () in 1119

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Princess Baoshu" (), 12th daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Princess Xishu" (), 16th daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Chan, Duke Xiang (; 1112–1137), 23rd son

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Guifei", of the Qiao clan (; b. 1081)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Qi, Prince Jing (; 1104–1138), sixth son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Xu, Prince Ji (; b. 1106), seventh son

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Guifei", of the Cui clan (; 1091–1130)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Princess Daomu" (), personal name Jinxian (), 15th daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Princess Dunfu" (), personal name Sanjin (), 21st daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zhao Chun, Prince Han" (; 1112–1113), 19th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Renfu (; 1112–1127), personal name Xiangyun (), 23rd (12th) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Yongfu (; b. 1112), personal name Fubao (), 25th (14th) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Ningfu (; b. 1114), personal name Chuanzhu (), 28th (16th) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Zongjuan (; d. 1139), the sixth son of Wanyan Min, in 1127, and had issue (one son)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Guifei", of the Wang clan (; 1092–1127)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao E, Prince Yi (; 1110–1132), 15th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Princess Shenfu" (), 27th daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Xianfei", of the Yang clan (; d. 1115)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Princess Shunshu" (), third daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Shi, Prince He (; 1111–1128), 17th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wanrong", of the Wang clan ()

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Huifu (; b. 1112), personal name Zhuzhu (), 24th (13th) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Xiebao (), the second son of Wanyan Zonghan, in 1127, and had issue (one son)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wanrong", of the Yan clan (; 1109–1133), personal name Baose ()

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Zhu (; b. 1130), 34th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zhaoyuan", of the Zheng clan (), personal name Meiniang ()

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Tan (; b. 1131), 35th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Xiurong", of the Han clan ()

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Baofu (; 1112–1127), personal name Xianlang (), 22nd (11th) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jieyu", of the Wang clan ()

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Ji (; b. 1127), 33rd son

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cairen", of the Qiao clan ()

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Xiande (; b. 1111), personal name Qiaoyun (), 17th (seventh) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Liu Wenyan ()

paragraph: BULLET::::- Unknown

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zhao Ji, Prince Jing" (; 1102–1103), fourth son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Shu, Prince Su (; 1103–1130), fifth son

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zhao Cai, Prince Bin" (; 1107–1116), tenth son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Pu, Prince Yi (; 1109–1123), 13th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Di, Prince Xu (; b. 1109), 14th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zhao Gong, Prince Yun" (; 1110–1112), 16th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Wo, Prince Ankang (; b. 1112), 20th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Jian, Prince Guangping (; b. 1112), 21st son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Yue, Duke Ying (; 1115–1131), 24th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Dong, Duke Wen (; b. 1119), 27th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Tong, Duke Yi (; 1121–1148), 29th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zhao Bing, Duke Chang" (; 1122–1132), 30th son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Cong, Duke Run (; b. 1123), 31st son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao Xiang, Duke Han (; b. 1125), 32nd son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Shunde (; 1111–1137), personal name Yingluo (), 18th (eighth) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Xiang Ziyi (; b. 1111)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Zonghan (1080–1137) in 1127

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Shengunai () in 1137

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Yifu (; b. 1111), personal name Yuanzhu (), 19th (ninth) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Zongbi (d. 1148)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Lingfu (; b. 1118), personal name Jinyin (), 30th (18th) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Dan (1119–1150)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Huafu (; b. 1119), personal name Saiyue (), 31st (19th) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Qingfu (; b. 1121), personal name Jingu (), 32nd (20th) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Chunfu (; b. 1124), personal name Jinling (), 33rd (21st) daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wanyan Sheyema (), the first son of Wanyan Zonghan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Wang Chengdi ()

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Princess Gongfu" (), personal name Xiaojin (), 34th daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Quanfu (), 35th daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Married Li Dunfu ()

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Chinese emperors family tree (middle)

paragraph: BULLET::::2. List of emperors of the Song dynasty

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Architecture of the Song dynasty

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Culture of the Song dynasty

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Economy of the Song dynasty

paragraph: BULLET::::6. History of the Song dynasty

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Society of the Song dynasty

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Technology of the Song dynasty

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ebrey, Patricia Buckley. (2013). "Emperor Huizong" (Harvard University Press; 2013) 661 pages; scholarly biography online review

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ebrey, Patricia Buckley. (1999). "The Cambridge Illustrated History of China". Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (paperback).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ebrey, Walthall, and Palais (2006). "East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History". Boston: Houghton and Mifflin.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jing-shen Tao (1976) "The Jurchen in Twelfth-Century China". University of Washington Press. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Herbert Franke, Denis Twitchett. "Alien Regimes and Border States, 907–1368" (Cambridge History of China, vol. 6). Cambridge University Press, 1994. . Partial text on Google Books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Huiping Pang (2009), "Strange Weather: Art, Politics, and Climate Change at the Court of Northern Song Emperor Huizong," Journal of Song-Yuan Studies, Volume 39, 2009, pp. 1–41. ISSN 1059-3152.

alias:
Emperor Hui-tsung of Sung
Zhao Ji
Hui-tsung
Huizong
Hui Zong

description: emperor of the Song Dynasty

wikidata_label: Emperor Huizong of Song

wikipedia_title: Emperor Huizong of Song


text: Berlin

text: Königsberg

text: German

text: physiologist

text: speech scientist

text: Edison

text: phonograph

text: Robert Willis

text: Charles Wheatstone

text: formant

text: acoustic phonetics

text: Hermann Grid

text: illusion

text: Emil du Bois-Reymond

text: electrocardiograph

text: digestive process

text: acid hydrolysis

text: photographic registration

text: larynx

text: Photo, biography, and bibliography

text: Virtual Laboratory

categories: Scientists from Berlin,Phoneticians,Humboldt University of Berlin alumni,German physiologists,1838 births,People from the Province of Brandenburg,University of Königsberg faculty,People associated with the University of Zurich,1914 deaths

paragraph: Ludimar Hermann

paragraph: Ludimar Hermann (October 31, 1838, Berlin – June 5, 1914, Königsberg) was a German physiologist and speech scientist who used the Edison phonograph to test theories of vowel production, particularly those of Robert Willis and Charles Wheatstone. He coined the word "formant", a term of importance in modern acoustic phonetics. The Hermann Grid is named after him; he was the first to report the illusion in scientific literature.

paragraph: Section::::Physiology research.

paragraph: In addition to his work in phonetics, Hermann was influential as a physiologist. He discredited the notion, propounded by Emil du Bois-Reymond, that muscles contained an ordered series of "electromotive molecules" in favor of a theory of chemical activity. Hermann showed that the entire surface of an uninjured muscle was electrically equipotential. His discoveries in this field were instrumental to the modern use of the electrocardiograph as a diagnostic tool. He also was the first to explain the digestive process as being a decomposition of protein through acid hydrolysis to obtain the raw materials needed by cells.

paragraph: An obituarist credited his research success to "his exceptional skill in the design, construction, and use of apparatus as needed for the problems on which he was engaged. Most of these problems depended for their solution on the accurate measurement of physical quantities."

paragraph: Section::::Phonetics research.

paragraph: In his analysis of voice and speech, he made use of photographic registration and magnification of the surface features of a phonograph record's grooves to visually display the sounds of speech. Through his work, he determined that the passage of air through the mouth cavity, modified for each vowel, strongly affected the harmonics of tones from the larynx.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Photo, biography, and bibliography in the Virtual Laboratory of the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science

description: German physiologist

wikidata_label: Ludimar Hermann

wikipedia_title: Ludimar Hermann


text:
The LOX
D-Block Records
Styles P
Jadakiss
Mary J. Blige
Sean Combs
Bad Boy Records
Money, Power & Respect
Ruff Ryders
DMX
We Are the Streets
D-Block
Walk Witt Me
D-Block Records
A Gangster and a Gentleman
Betty Wright
World's Wildest Police Videos
Ghostface Killah
Wu Block
Wu-Tang Clan
Eminem
Walk witt Me
After Taxes
Silverback Gorilla
Life on D-Block
Silverback Gorilla 2
Wu Block

categories: The Lox members,1976 births,East Coast hip hop musicians,People from Yonkers, New York,EOne Music artists,Living people,21st-century American rappers,African-American male rappers,Gangsta rappers,Ruff Ryders artists,D-Block Records members,Rappers from New York City,Tommy Boy Records artists

paragraph: Sheek Louch

paragraph: Sean Divine Jacobs (born November 9, 1976), better known as Sheek Louch (also known as Donnie Def Jam), is a rapper and member of The LOX and founder of D-Block Records, along with Styles P and Jadakiss.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life and career.

paragraph: At around the age of 12, he was inspired to rhyme by his friend Jason Phillips (Jadakiss). He and Jason would later form The LOX with Styles P. Mary J. Blige "discovered" the trio, and they would soon be signed to Sean Combs's Bad Boy Records. Their first album, Money, Power & Respect, was released on January 13, 1998.

paragraph: Sheek and his fellow LOX members later parted ways with Bad Boy Records, and joined the Ruff Ryders group, which included DMX. The group's second album, "We Are the Streets", was released on January 25, 2000. Meanwhile, Sheek, an aspiring entrepreneur, began working on their D-Block brand, building a studio, and looking for new talent to join their roster. He also opened a D-Block car wash and D-Block "fitteds" around the same time.

paragraph: Sheek released his solo debut "Walk Witt Me" on Universal Records through D-Block Records. Early promotional material, such as within the liner notes of Styles P's album "A Gangster and a Gentleman", indicate that the album's original title was "Walk With Me". His fifth album, "Silverback Gorilla", released in 2008, featured his hit single, "Good Love", which sampled Betty Wright's "Tonight Is The Night" and "Pure Love" songs.

paragraph: He was also featured on an episode of "World's Wildest Police Videos", which demonstrated his notorious past.

paragraph: He has worked somewhat prolifically with Ghostface Killah. They collaborated on a joint album titled "Wu Block" featuring members of Wu-Tang Clan and D-Block after drawing inspiration from one another while touring and recording. He also collaborated with popular rapper, "Eminem", on his newest album known as "Kamikaze".

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Studio albums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Walk witt Me" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "After Taxes" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Silverback Gorilla" (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Life on D-Block" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Silverback Gorilla 2" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Collaboration albums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wu Block" (2012)

description: rapper

wikidata_label: Sheek Louch

wikipedia_title: Sheek Louch


text:
William
Catherine Booth
Gateshead
George Scott Railton
The Salvation Army
France
Florence Soper
Bramwell Booth
Paris
Switzerland
Neuchâtel
Arthur Clibborn
General
Booth
Pentecostal
John Alexander Dowie
Zion City
Chicago
Pentecostals
evangelist
Europe
United States
Australia
Vancouver
British Columbia
pneumonia
Highgate Cemetery
William Booth
Abney Park Cemetery
Stanley Eric Francis Booth-Clibborn
Anglican
Bishop of Manchester

categories: English Salvationists,English Pentecostals,1955 deaths,Zionism in the United States,Burials at Highgate Cemetery,Evangelists,Salvation Army officers,1858 births

paragraph: Kate Booth

paragraph: Catherine Booth-Clibborn (Katie Booth) (18 September 1858 – 9 May 1955) was an English Salvationist and evangelist. She was the oldest daughter of William and Catherine Booth. She was also known as "la Maréchale".

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Born in Gateshead, where her father was serving as a minister, during her childhood Katie Booth was particularly close to William Booth's secretary, George Scott Railton, who lived with the Booth family for ten years and acted as her spiritual mentor. Saved by the age of thirteen, she began preaching at the age of fifteen and shared the platform with her father at the East London Christian Mission's annual conference in 1876.

paragraph: Section::::Salvation Army officer.

paragraph: As an adult Katie Booth brought The Salvation Army to France in March 1881. A captain, she led two lieutenants (one of whom was Florence Soper, who later married Katie's brother Bramwell Booth) in preaching the Gospel in Paris, wearing sandwichboards when the police forbid them to hand out leaflets. They were not well received. Their street-corner sermons were often interrupted by people pelting them with mud and stones. After repeated attempts by men on the roads to strangle them by their bonnet strings, they began pinning the strings on rather than sewing them. They lived in rented apartments where prostitutes lived in poor conditions. Progress was slow. Opposition was fierce, and those who were converted were given a rough time, sometimes being fired from their jobs. The newspaper reports in France were nearly unanimously critical.

paragraph: Eventually, Captain Booth moved on to Switzerland, where the opposition was even fiercer. The authorities refused to allow her to rent halls in which to preach, and she was arrested, tried, acquitted, and subsequently deported from Switzerland for conducting an open-air meeting in a forest outside Neuchâtel.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage.

paragraph: Katie Booth married Arthur Clibborn at the age of 28 on 18 February 1887. It was a well-attended event and subject of interest to the press, which reported that at least 6,000 people were in attendance. On marriage, Arthur and Kate changed their surname by deed poll to Booth-Clibborn at the insistence of General Booth. They had ten children, including the Pentecostal preacher William Booth-Clibborn. Following the birth of their tenth child the Booth-Clibborns resigned from The Salvation Army in January 1902, unhappy at the restrictive nature of the Army's military style of government. At her husband's wish, Katie and the children travelled with him to the cult leader John Alexander Dowie's Zion City, a township about 40 miles north of Chicago. Katie Booth-Clibborn did not believe Dowie's grandiose claims — in 1901 he declared himself the prophet Elijah the Restorer, and in 1904 the first apostle of Jesus Christ — and was offended by his criticism of her father even though her resignation had made her an outcast from both her family and the Army. For the rest of her life she had almost no contact with her father or with those siblings who remained in The Salvation Army.

paragraph: Section::::Later years.

paragraph: After becoming Pentecostals in 1906 the Booth-Clibborns together continued preaching and spreading the Gospel as travelling evangelists in Europe, the United States, and Australia for the rest of their lives.

paragraph: The 'Kate Booth House', a Salvation Army residential environment for women and children fleeing family violence in Vancouver, British Columbia, was named in her honour.

paragraph: On her death from double pneumonia in 1955 Katie Booth-Clibborn was buried in Highgate Cemetery. Her earlier falling out with her father William Booth and the other Salvationist members of the family prevented her from being buried near her parents and deceased siblings in Abney Park Cemetery.

paragraph: Her grandson Stanley Eric Francis Booth-Clibborn became the Anglican Bishop of Manchester.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Scott, C. The Heavenly Witch. The Story of the Maréchale (1981) Hamish Hamilton, London. 260 pp.

description: British Salvation Army officer

wikidata_label: Kate Booth

wikipedia_title: Kate Booth


text:
Milan
Alberto Mazzucato
Teatro alla Scala
Royal College of Music
Salt Lake City
Chicago Conservatory
Psalm 130
Brigham Young
Mormon
Christian Science
Beverly Hills, California
An image of Eliza Mazzucato Young
Utah State Historical Society

categories: 1937 deaths,1846 births,Italian opera composers

paragraph: Eliza Mazzucato Young

paragraph: Eliza Mazzucato Young (July 7, 1846 – March 27, 1937) was an Italian-born American composer, musician, and educator. She wrote "Mr. Sampson of Omaha" (1888), one of the first operas by a woman to be produced in the United States.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Elisa Mazzucato was born in Milan, the daughter of opera composer Alberto Mazzucato and Teresa Bolza Mazzucato. Her father was the director of the conservatory at the Teatro alla Scala in Milan. She studied music with her father, and in London.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Eliza Mazzucato taught at the National Training School of Music in London, before it closed in 1882, and then at the Royal College of Music. She resigned in 1883 when she married one of the students, an American baritone named Bicknell Young. The couple moved to Salt Lake City in 1885, to open a music school, and they performed together in New York City in 1886. By 1895, they were living in Chicago, performing, touring, and teaching at the Chicago Conservatory.

paragraph: Young composed the music for the comic opera "Mr. Sampson of Omaha" (1888), one of the first operas by a woman to be produced in the United States; the libretto was by Fred Nye. Sheet music for songs from the opera continued to be published for years after its debut. Other compositions by Young included a one-act opera,"The Maiden and the Reaper," and short works for voice, including a song in French, "Le Roi Don Juan", and a setting of Psalm 130. She also wrote pedagogical pieces, such as "Staccato Étude in B".

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Eliza Mazzucato married fellow musician Brigham Bicknell Young (1856-1938), the nephew of Brigham Young, in London in 1883. They had three sons, Arrigo Mazzucato Young (1884-1954, born in England), Hilgard Bicknell Young (1885-1979, born in Utah), and Umberto Young (1887-1965, born in Utah). Despite her husband's family connections in the Mormon community, the couple were adherents to Christian Science from the 1890s. Eliza Mazzucato Young died in Beverly Hills, California in 1937, aged 90 years.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- An image of Eliza Mazzucato Young, from the Utah State Historical Society.

alias:
Elisa Mazzucato Young
Mrs. Bicknell Young
Elisa M. Young
Mrs B. B. Young

description: American composer and musician

wikidata_label: Eliza Mazzucato Young

wikipedia_title: Eliza Mazzucato Young


text:
Polish
composer
music conductor
music teacher
Kraków
organist
concerto
Vienna
Hummel
Venice
Milan
Ricordi
Rolla
Pacini
Pavesi
Paris
San Carlo Theater
Lisbon
Genoa
painting
Category:Mirecki, Franciszek
Imslp.org

categories: 1791 births,People from Kraków,Polish conductors (music),Male composers,1862 deaths,Male conductors (music),Polish composers

paragraph: Franciszek Mirecki

paragraph: Franciszek (also spelled Franz) Wincenty Mirecki (1791–1862) was a Polish composer, music conductor, and music teacher.

paragraph: Mirecki was born March 31, 1791, at Kraków. His maternal grandfather was Dominik Goronczkiewicz, a known organist.

paragraph: Mirecki played the piano at the age of four, and gave his first concerto in 1800, meanwhile continuing his studies in Kraków. In 1814 he went to Vienna where he took lessons in composition from Hummel. In 1816 Mirecki went to Venice, where he stayed during the years 1816 and 1817. From there, he went to Milan with recommendations to Ricordi, where he became acquainted with several Italian musical notabilities, including Rolla, , Pacini and Pavesi. Towards the end of 1817, he set out for Paris with recommendations from Ricordi. In 1822, he returned to Milan.

paragraph: Later he took over the direction of the San Carlo Theater in Lisbon, where he performed a new opera in March 1826.

paragraph: Later he made a trip to England, and returned from there via Paris to Genoa.

paragraph: In 1838, he was called to take over the direction of the new dramatic singing school established in his native city of Kraków, a position he held until his death.

paragraph: Mirecki died May 29, 1862, at Kraków. He left behind two sons: Stanislaus, who dedicated himself to the art of his father; and Kasimir, who dedicated himself to painting.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Category:Mirecki, Franciszek at Imslp.org

description: Polish conductor and composer

wikidata_label: Franciszek Mirecki

wikipedia_title: Franciszek Mirecki


text: self-taught

text: Warsaw

text: Włocławek

text: Cepelia

text: Collection de l’art brut

categories: Polish sculptors,1927 births,2007 deaths

paragraph: Stanisław Zagajewski

paragraph: Stanisław Zagajewski (c. 1927 - 4 June 2007) was a Polish self-taught sculptor.

paragraph: Zagajewski was abandoned in winter 1929 on the doorstep of St. Barbara Church in Warsaw, so his date of birth as well as his name and surname were assigned to him. He grew up in an orphanage and never finished primary school. He worked i.a. as a cook, gardener, bookbinder, tailor and construction worker helping in rebuilding Warsaw till 1952. Since 1963 he lived in Włocławek devoting himself to sculpting. During his cooperation with Cepelia (a state company purchasing folk art objects from craftsmanship cooperatives) he learned how to fire ceramics.

paragraph: His clay sculptures have very decorative forms and surprising compositions. He started with carving figures of birds, then fantastic creatures, and later focused on sculpting multi-element altars full of angels and demons. He was aware of his talent and often compared himself to Michelangelo. He had many individual exhibitions and his sculptures are in private and museum collections, for example in the Collection de l’art brut in Lausanne. Over 120 exhibits are displayed in the Museum of the Kuyavian and Dobrzyń Region in Włocławek. However, despite notability Zagajewski lived and created in very difficult conditions.

paragraph: Several documentaries were shot about Zagajewski, the last one in 2006.

description: Polish sculptor

wikidata_label: Stanisław Zagajewski

wikipedia_title: Stanisław Zagajewski


text:
Belgian
motocross
F.I.M.
250cc motocross World Championships
1972
1971 Trans-AMA motocross series
ČZ
Suzuki
Joël Robert
Motocross des Nations
Eric Geboers
Georges Jobé
Greg Albertyn
Donny Schmit
Mickaël Pichon
Steve Ramon
Stefan Everts
Sylvain Geboers Team Suzuki web site

categories: Motocross riders,Motorcycle racing team owners,Belgian motorcycle racers,Place of birth missing (living people),Living people,Year of birth missing (living people)

paragraph: Sylvain Geboers

paragraph: Sylvain Geboers is a Belgian former professional motocross racer and current motocross team manager.

paragraph: Geboers was one of the top motocross racers of the late 1960s and early 1970s, finishing in the top three of the F.I.M. 250cc motocross World Championships for five consecutive years from 1968 to 1972. Geboers won the 1971 Trans-AMA motocross series championship. Although he was often overshadowed by his ČZ and Suzuki teammate, Joël Robert, he was a respected competitor. Geboers was a multi-time Motocross des Nations and Trophee des Nations champion.

paragraph: After retiring from professional racing, Geboers became the manager of Suzuki's European motocross team. As a team manager, he guided Eric Geboers, Georges Jobé, Greg Albertyn, Donny Schmit, Mickaël Pichon, Steve Ramon and Stefan Everts to world championships.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sylvain Geboers Team Suzuki web site

description: Motocross racer

wikidata_label: Sylvain Geboers

wikipedia_title: Sylvain Geboers