text: the Tubes

text: Grateful Dead

text: the Tubes

text: MTV

text: Todd Rundgren

text: Grateful Dead

text: Brent Mydland

text: Ian McLagan

text: Pete Sears

text: T Lavitz

text: Bruce Hornsby

text: grand piano

text: Jerry Garcia

text: Rock and Roll Hall of Fame

text: Ratdog

text: Bob Bralove

text: Missing Man Formation

text: Phil Lesh and Friends

text: Bob Weir

text: Mickey Hart

text: Bill Kreutzmann

text: Phil Lesh

text: Bee Gees

text: Fee Waybill

text: Xanadu

text: Tom Constanten

text: The Schwag

text: The Tubes

text: The Tubes

text: Young and Rich

text: Now

text: What Do You Want from Live

text: Remote Control

text: The Completion Backward Principle

text: Outside Inside

text: Love Bomb

text: Todd Rundgren

text: Nearly Human

text: 2nd Wind

text: Grateful Dead

text: Infrared Roses

text: Fallout from the Phil Zone

text: Dick's Picks Volume 9

text: Dick's Picks Volume 17

text: View from the Vault, Volume Two

text: Dick's Picks Volume 27

text: Grateful Dead Download Series Volume 11

text: Road Trips Volume 2 Number 1

text: Road Trips Volume 2 Number 4

text: 30 Trips Around the Sun

text: Zero

text: Dick Dale

text: Merl Saunders

text: Missing Man Formation

text: Missing Man Formation

text: The Persuasions

text: Tipsy

text: Vince Welnick

text: Vince Welnick collection

text: Internet Archive

text: San Francisco Giants

text: Candlestick Park

text: Official Grateful Dead Website

categories: RatDog members,The Tubes members,Suicides by sharp instrument in the United States,Male suicides,21st-century American keyboardists,Singers who committed suicide,Musicians from Phoenix, Arizona,2006 deaths,Suicides in California,21st-century American musicians,American male singers,American rock singers,1951 births,20th-century American musicians,American musicians who committed suicide,Grateful Dead members,American rock keyboardists

paragraph: Vince Welnick

paragraph: Vincent Leo Welnick (February 21, 1951 – June 2, 2006) was an American keyboardist, best known for playing with the band the Tubes during the 1970s and 1980s and with the Grateful Dead in the 1990s.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.

paragraph: Born in Phoenix, Arizona, as the great-grandson of Prussian immigrants, Welnick started playing keyboards as a teenager. He joined a band, the Beans, which eventually morphed into the Tubes, a San Francisco-based theater rock band popular in the late 1970s and early 1980s and noted for early live performances that combined lewd quasi-pornography with wild satires of media, consumerism and politics.

paragraph: The Tubes in the 1980s were a major commercial rock act with substantial MTV success. Videos for "Talk to Ya Later" and "She's a Beauty" played in heavy rotation on MTV in the mid-1980s. While playing in the Tubes, Welnick also played and recorded with Todd Rundgren.

paragraph: When Grateful Dead keyboardist Brent Mydland died of a drug overdose on July 26, 1990, the band began auditioning players to replace him, including Ian McLagan, Pete Sears and T Lavitz. Welnick was selected, not least for his high vocal range for backup harmonies. Welnick's first show with the Grateful Dead was on September 7, 1990 at the Richfield Coliseum in Richfield, Ohio. His Associated Press obituary mentioned he was so nervous at his first gig with the band that he could barely play, until the fans put him at ease. They held up banners reading, "Yo Vinnie," which Welnick later decided to use as the name of his BMI-affiliated publishing company, Yo Vinnie Music, once obtaining his writer and publisher rights back from Ice Nine Publishing, which had copyrighted his works without an agreement in place to do so shortly after Welnick joined the Grateful Dead. Bruce Hornsby also supplemented Welnick on grand piano for over 100 shows in Welnick's first years in the Dead. Welnick remained as a member of the Grateful Dead and the band's keyboard player until Jerry Garcia's death in August 1995, when the group disbanded.

paragraph: In 1994, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Grateful Dead.

paragraph: Welnick became depressed following a diagnosis of cancer and emphysema shortly before the final Grateful Dead tour. He decided to do the summer 1995 Grateful Dead tour and wait to have surgery after it ended. Shortly after the tour was over, Jerry Garcia died. Welnick joined Bob Weir's new group, Ratdog, as the keyboard player, touring with them around the U.S. About six months after Garcia's death, Welnick attempted suicide on the tour bus to Monterey, California. He received therapy, successful cancer treatment, and management of the early stages of lung disease. He worked with the band Second Sight, with Bob Bralove, and with Missing Man Formation, which released an album that included the song "Golden Days", a tribute to Garcia. He participated in the second Phil Lesh and Friends show in March 1998, and he toured the U.S. with the Mickey Hart Band later that year.

paragraph: In 2002, Bob Weir, Mickey Hart, Bill Kreutzmann, and Phil Lesh regrouped under the name "The Other Ones". According to musician and publisher Mike Lawson, Welnick was troubled when the Grateful Dead reunited without him under the name the "Surviving Members of Grateful Dead". He toured with jam bands, recorded music in his home studio, and worked with friends on their albums. With the band Mood Food he finished a reggae version of "To Love Somebody" by the Bee Gees. He left behind hundreds of hours of unreleased materials, both personal and professional recordings.

paragraph: Section::::Film.

paragraph: Welnick played a small part in the 1981 film "Ladies and Gentlemen, The Fabulous Stains". Fee Waybill of the Tubes played Lou Corpse, the washed-up front man of a band called The Metal Corpses. Welnick played Jerry Jervey, the guitar player (though the reporter calls him the bass player) with the Corpses, who dies of an overdose in a backstage bathroom.

paragraph: Welnick also appeared in "Xanadu", along with the rest of the Tubes.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: On June 2, 2006, Vince Welnick committed suicide by cutting his own throat, after battling depression for 10 years.

paragraph: An ambulance was summoned at 9:30 a.m. by the Sonoma County sheriff's dispatcher. Welnick was still alive when it arrived. An hour later, he was pronounced dead at the emergency room of Santa Rosa Memorial Hospital, according to the Sonoma County coroner's office.

paragraph: Former Grateful Dead keyboardist Tom Constanten played keyboards for the Vince Welnick and Friends Tour that was scheduled before his death. Musicians on the tour played many Vince Welnick staples, including "Samba in the Rain". "He Was a Friend of Mine" was also played in honor of Welnick. On the second night of the tour, the band stopped in St. Louis. The Schwag, the opening act, performed "Turn on Your Love Light" and dedicated it to Welnick with improvised lyrics about him.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: With The Tubes

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Tubes" (1975)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Young and Rich" (1976)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Now" (1977)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "What Do You Want from Live" (1978)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Remote Control" (1979)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Completion Backward Principle" (1981)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Outside Inside" (1983)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Love Bomb" (1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Infomercial: How to Become Tubular" (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mondo Birthmark" (2009)

paragraph: With Todd Rundgren

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nearly Human" (1989)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "2nd Wind" (1991)

paragraph: With Grateful Dead

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Infrared Roses" (1991)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fallout from the Phil Zone" (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dick's Picks Volume 9" (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dick's Picks Volume 17" (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "View from the Vault, Volume Two" (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dick's Picks Volume 27" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Grateful Dead Download Series Volume 11" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Road Trips Volume 2 Number 1" (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Road Trips Volume 2 Number 4" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "30 Trips Around the Sun" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (2015)

paragraph: With others

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chance in a Million" (1994) – Zero

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Calling Up Spirits" (1996) – Dick Dale

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Second Sight" (1996) – Second Sight

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fiesta Amazonica" (1998) – Merl Saunders

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Missing Man Formation" (1998) – Missing Man Formation

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Texistentialism" (2007) – Jerry Lightfoot's Band of Wonder

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Might as Well..." (2000) – The Persuasions

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Smallstone" (2000) – Smallstone

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Uh-Oh!" (2001) – Tipsy

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grateful Dead musician dies at 55 BBC News – Grateful Dead musician dies at 55

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vince Welnick 1995 Interview with the "Memphis Flyer"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "San Francisco Chronicle" "Grateful Dead's last keyboardist, Vince Welnick, dies at 55" June 3 2006

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Urban Tulsa" "Healing begins as "Friends" pay tribute to their musical companion and mentor" June 16 2006

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vince Welnick official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vince Welnick collection at the Internet Archive's live music archive

paragraph: BULLET::::- The National Anthem by Garcia, Weir, and Welnick before a 1993 San Francisco Giants game at Candlestick Park, "boingboing.com".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Grateful Dead Website

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Vince Welnick

wikipedia_title: Vince Welnick


text: comic strips

text: the pulps

text: Argosy

text: Corsicana, Texas

text: University of Texas

text: Texas A&M University

text: Memorial Stadium

text: St. Louis Cardinals

text: Art Institute of Chicago

text: Standard Oil

text: marsh gas

text: Natchez, Mississippi

text: Venezuela

text: Associated Press

text: New York City

text: Dell Publishing

text: The Funnies

text: Gladys Parker

text: Flapper Fanny

text: pulp magazine

text: "Argosy"

text: Billy Bishop

text: Blackbeard

text: Harry Houdini

text: Sasha Siemel

text: Rachel Crowdy

text: Conchita Cintron

text: pictographic

text: true crime

text: Famous Funnies

text: Los Angeles

text: horse racing

text: tip sheet

text: Los Angeles Herald-Express

text: mica

text: Santa Fe, New Mexico

text: Smith Ballew

text: King Features

text: "Wild Bill" Wellman

text: World War I

text: World War II

text: Seine River

text: Bailey bridges

text: juvenile delinquents

text: J. Edgar Hoover

text: Sylvia Plath

text: General Dynamics

text: Fort Worth

text: Stookie Allen profile

categories: Texas Longhorns football players,1903 births,United States Army officers,American cartoonists,Texas Longhorns baseball players,Associated Press people,1971 deaths,People from Corsicana, Texas,People from Fort Worth, Texas

paragraph: Benjamin Allen (cartoonist)

paragraph: Benjamin David "Stookie" Allen (30 January 1903 – 6 January 1971) was a cartoonist who specialized in nonfiction and inspirational features. He created the nationally syndicated comic strips "Heroes of Democracy" and "Keen Teens". For the pulps, he created and drew "Argosy" magazine's "Men of Daring" and "Women of Daring", and "Detective Fiction Weekly"'s "Illustrated Crimes".

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Allen grew up in Corsicana, Texas, and attended the University of Texas. A local sports legend, in 1924 he caught the winning touchdown pass against Texas A&M University when a bobbled ball was tipped into his hands, leading the Longhorns to 7-0 victory against the Aggies in the brand new Memorial Stadium. In college, Allen also played baseball and the St. Louis Cardinals offered him a pitching tryout. He left Texas to study at the Art Institute of Chicago.

paragraph: Allen moved around the southern oil fields for a while and ended up working for Standard Oil looking for marsh gas. When that job ended he was set to work on a pipeline in Natchez, Mississippi, and in 1927 was ready to take a job in Venezuela when he was offered a position drawing sports cartoons for the Associated Press in New York City.

paragraph: Allen's comic strip "Bug Movies" was published in Dell Publishing's "The Funnies", a seminal 1920s precursor of comic books. He also produced "Bug Movies in the Funnies", a collection of the strip published in 1931.

paragraph: While in New York, he met and married fellow cartoonist Gladys Parker in 1930. He assisted Parker with the comic strip "Flapper Fanny" during the 1930s while they lived in New York City.

paragraph: The action-story pulp magazine "Argosy" began a weekly feature by Allen in about 1931 called "Men of Daring", true stories in pictures. These one to two-page weekly picture stories contained the exploits of Americans, many relatively unknown, such as Canadian air ace Billy Bishop, infamous men like Edward Teach (aka Blackbeard), "as bold and cruel a rover as ever grasped hilt in hand". Allen often pictured celebrities such as Harry Houdini and the derring-do of international heroes like Alexander Sasha Siemel, Brazil's "Tiger Man". The art is strictly black-and-white, hand-lettered with depictions of landscapes, famous individuals, villains and mechanical inventions of the times. "Men of Daring" also appeared in the first two issues of the short-lived pulp magazine "Red Star Adventures".

paragraph: "Argosy"'s weekly feature occasionally became "Women of Daring", starring such notables as Dame Rachel Crowdy "the first woman in history to win knighthood in her own right" and the female bullfighter Conchita Cintron. Girls could also look up to Mary Wiggins, the Hollywood stunt girl and high diver.

paragraph: Another pulp, "Detective Fiction Weekly", contained "Illustrated Crimes" by Allen, a pictographic true crime feature published in the mid-1930s. They had titles like "The Clue of the Folded Dollar," a detailed account of the murder of Louise Gerrish, a school teacher, or "The Case of Lawyer Gibson," about a wealthy widow murdered for her estate by her attorney.

paragraph: Allen also contributed the feature "Above the Crowd" to "Famous Funnies" from 1935 to 1943.

paragraph: Allen and Parker moved to Los Angeles in 1937. When Allen moved to California, he drew a horse racing tip sheet comic called "It's a Bet" for the "Los Angeles Herald-Express".

paragraph: In 1940, Allen invested in a mica mine 90 miles north of Santa Fe, New Mexico, with the singer/band leader Smith Ballew.

paragraph: A syndicated comic strip, "Heroes of Democracy" (King Features, March 9 – September 19, 1942), was devoted to the exploits of American heroes, such as "Wild Bill" Wellman of World War I.

paragraph: When the U.S. entered World War II, Allen was drawing "Heroes of Democracy" and his patriotic cartoon motivated his decision to join the army. During World War II, Allen served as a major in the combat engineers in Europe. He was an art engineer, drawing battle bridges such as one built by the 238th Engineers, 1106th combat group, crossing the Seine River south of Paris to replace a destroyed railway bridge. He also drew floating Bailey bridges like the one erected in August 1944 (also spanning the Seine).

paragraph: After World War II, Allen felt that too much attention was being paid to juvenile delinquents and decided to focus a pictorial column on teens doing positive things. He visited J. Edgar Hoover who thought it a good idea, so Allen created the syndicated feature "Keen Teens". These black-and-white cartoons often contained photographs as part of the feature, such as the camera featured in "Keen Teen" Lens Lad-Paul Nielsen. "Keen Teens" was also known as "Teen-Age Triumphs"; one cartoon featured the young writer Sylvia Plath. To promote "Keen Teens", Allen wrote "101 Ways to Make Money: Keen Teens" (1955) which outlined how teens have "won fame, renown, and often small fortunes" by among other things, building collapsible boats, figurines and toys. "The perfect gift for the alert teen-ager."

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.:Later life and death.

paragraph: Allen and Gladys Parker divorced in 1951. In his later life Allen worked as an art engineer for General Dynamics. By 1971 he had returned to his native Texas, where he died at age 67 in Fort Worth.

paragraph: Section::::Books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bug Movies in the Funnies" (Dell Publishing, 1931)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Men of Daring" (Cupples and Leon Company, 1933)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fighting Heroes: Battle for Freedom" (Whitman Publishing, 1942)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "101 Ways to Make Money: Keen Teens" (Emerson Books, 1955)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stookie Allen profile, Lambiek's "Comiclopedia"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "No Foolin"' a sports cartoon by Stookie Allen, "The Milwaukee Journal" (May 6, 1931).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Illustrated Crime" The Million Dollar Snatch Job, "Detective Fiction Weekly" (September 5, 1936)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Men of Daring" Manus "Mickey" Morgan - The human Batman, "The Argosy" magazine (November 29, 1941)

description: American cartoonist

wikidata_label: Benjamin Allen

wikipedia_title: Benjamin Allen (cartoonist)


text:
The White Tie Affair
Push Rewind
Remember When (Push Rewind)
The White Tie Affair
MTV
Push Rewind
Official website

categories: American male pop singers,Singers from Indiana,American rock singers,American singer-songwriters,American record producers,Songwriters from Indiana,21st-century American singers,American rock songwriters,People from Porter County, Indiana,American pop singers,Place of birth missing (living people),Living people,1982 births

paragraph: Chris Wallace (musician)

paragraph: Chris Wallace (born March 22, 1982) is an American singer, songwriter, and producer. He was prominently known as the former lead vocalist and front man of the American pop rock band The White Tie Affair. Wallace has released one album, "Push Rewind" in 2012. In 2016, Wallace signed a songwriting contract with Pulse Music Group.

paragraph: Section::::Solo career.

paragraph: On July 10, 2012, Wallace released his first solo single, "Remember When (Push Rewind)", a month after The White Tie Affair broke up. The song has appeared on several major pop radio stations. His music video for the single premiered on MTV Buzzworthy.

paragraph: On August 23, 2012, Chris tweeted that his first solo album, "Push Rewind", would be available on iTunes on September 4. On September 4, 2012, his debut solo album was released via ThinkSay Records.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website

description: American pop singer

wikidata_label: Chris Wallace

wikipedia_title: Chris Wallace (musician)


text: MBE

text: adaptive rower

text: 2008 Summer Paralympics

text: 2012 Summer Paralympics

text: Hammersmith

text: B3 category

text: Harrow

text: London Youth Games

text: Buckinghamshire New University

text: World Rowing Championships

text: Alastair McKean

text: Vicki Hansford

text: James Morgan

text: cox

text: Alan Sherman

text: mixed coxed four

text: David Smith

text: James Roe

text: Rhiannon Jones

text: 2010 World Championships

text: Ryan Chamberlain

text: World Rowing Championships

text: Lake Bled

text: Bled

text: Pam Relph

text: Lily van den Broecke

text: 2012 Summer Paralympics

text: mixed coxed four

text: Eton Dorney

text: London Youth Games Hall of Fame

text: River Thames

categories: Alumni of Buckinghamshire New University,Medalists at the 2012 Summer Paralympics,Paralympic rowers of Great Britain,Rowers at the 2012 Summer Paralympics,Paralympic gold medalists for Great Britain,Rowers at the 2008 Summer Paralympics,English female rowers,Members of the Order of the British Empire,Medalists at the 2008 Summer Paralympics,Paralympic bronze medalists for Great Britain,People from Hammersmith,1983 births,Alumni of the Royal National College for the Blind,Living people

paragraph: Naomi Riches

paragraph: Naomi Joy Riches MBE (born on 15 June 1983) is a British adaptive rower who won a bronze medal at the 2008 Summer Paralympics and a gold medal at the 2012 Summer Paralympics.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Riches was born on 15 June 1983 in Hammersmith, London, England. She attended Cannon Lane school as a child. She is registered blind and is classified for competition in the B3 category. She competed for Harrow in the London Youth Games as a disability swimmer. At the age of 12 she was a National Disabled Swimming champion.

paragraph: She attended the Royal National Institute for the Blind (RNIB) College in Worcester. She graduated from Buckinghamshire New University with a Bachelor of Arts degree in metalwork and jewellery design.

paragraph: Riches currently works for a psychometric assessment provider as a sport and education consultant.

paragraph: Section::::Rowing.

paragraph: Riches took up rowing whilst at the RNIB College in Worcester. She competes in the legs, trunks and arms adaptive mixed coxed four (LTAMix4+) event. She won gold medals in the event at the 2004, 2005 and 2006 World Rowing Championships and won silver in 2007.

paragraph: She was selected to represent Great Britain at the 2008 Summer Paralympics held in Beijing, China, as rowing made its debut at the Games. Competing with Alastair McKean, Vicki Hansford, and James Morgan, along with cox Alan Sherman she won a bronze medal in the mixed coxed four.

paragraph: Riches won a further world title in 2009, alongside Hansford, David Smith, James Roe and cox Rhiannon Jones. At the 2010 World Championships she won a silver medal competing with Smith, Roe, Ryan Chamberlain and Jones. He is visually impaired.

paragraph: In 2011, she competed at the World Rowing Championships held at Lake Bled, Bled, Slovenia. She won the gold medal in the LTAMix4+ event alongside crewmates Pam Relph, David Smith, James Roe and Lily van den Broecke, the cox. They completed the one kilometre course in a time of three minutes, 27.10 seconds, finishing nearly five seconds ahead of the second placed Canadian boat. The result qualified a boat for Great Britain into the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London. The crew repeated their gold medal result at the Munich World Cup event in 2012.

paragraph: Riches was selected along with Relph, Smith, Roe and van den Broeke, to represent Great Britain at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in the mixed coxed four event. The event took place between 31 August and 2 September at Eton Dorney, and the GB crew won the gold medal.

paragraph: She was inducted into the London Youth Games Hall of Fame in 2012.

paragraph: Riches was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2013 New Year Honours for services to rowing.

paragraph: In 2016, she became the first woman to row the length of the River Thames. She completed this in less than 48 hours, as she had hoped (six seconds less exactly).

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2012 Olympics gold post boxes in the United Kingdom

description: British rower

wikidata_label: Naomi Riches

wikipedia_title: Naomi Riches


text: head of state

text: Sierra Leone

text: military officer

text: soldiers

text: Joseph Saidu Momoh

text: military coup

text: junta

text: military coup

text: soldiers

text: Brigadier General

text: Julius Maada Bio

text: Julius Maada Bio

text: Krio

text: Allen Town

text: Freetown

text: Creole

text: enlisted

text: secondary school

text: Freetown

text: Creole

text: Allen Town

text: math

text: chemistry

text: enlisted

text: cadet

text: Benguema

text: barracks

text: Daru

text: Kailahun District

text: Revolutionary United Front

text: Foday Sankoh

text: Joseph Saidu Momoh

text: Kailahun

text: State House

text: Solomon Musa

text: exile

text: Conakry

text: Head of State

text: Head of State

text: military coup

text: Brigadier General

text: Julius Maada Bio

text: Tom Nyuma

text: Komba Mondeh

text: University of Warwick

text: Coventry

text: the Gambia

text: Grafton

text: ICT

text: Ghana

categories: Leaders ousted by a coup,Sierra Leone Creole people,Alumni of the University of Warwick,Leaders who took power by coup,1967 births,Sierra Leonean Christians,Sierra Leonean politicians,People from Freetown,People of the Sierra Leone Civil War,Living people

paragraph: Valentine Strasser

paragraph: Valentine Esegragbo Melvine Strasser (born 26 April 1967) is an ex-military leader who served as head of state of Sierra Leone from 1992 to 1996. He had been a junior military officer but in 1992, he became the world's youngest Head of State when he seized power three days after his 25th birthday. He was the leading member in a group of six young Sierra Leonean soldiers who overthrew president Joseph Saidu Momoh in the 29 April 1992 military coup. They established a military junta called the National Provisional Ruling Council (NPRC).

paragraph: On January 1996, after nearly four years in power, Strasser was ousted in a second military coup, but this time it was his own NPRC soldiers who were not satisfied with his handling of the peace process. The coup was led by his deputy, Brigadier General Julius Maada Bio.

paragraph: Strasser is the first, and one of two Sierra Leonean Heads of State (the other is Julius Maada Bio) born after Sierra Leone had become an Independent nation. He is also the second Sierra Leonean Head of State from the Krio ethnic group.

paragraph: Strasser was born and raised in the neighbourhood of Allen Town in the east end of Sierra Leone's capital Freetown to Creole parents. Strasser enlisted in the Republic of Sierra Leone Military Forces (RSLMF) at age eighteen, immediately after graduating from secondary school.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Valentine Esegragbo Melvin Strasser was born on 26 April 1967 in Freetown, the capital of Sierra Leone, to parents from the Creole ethnic group. Strasser grew up in the neighbourhood of Allen Town, in the extreme East End of Freetown.

paragraph: Strasser completed his secondary education at the Sierra Leone Grammar School in Freetown and graduated in 1985 at age eighteen. While in secondary school, Strasser was a gifted student in math and chemistry.

paragraph: Section::::Military career.

paragraph: On graduation from secondary school in 1985, he enlisted in the Republic of Sierra Leone Military Forces (RSLMF) at the age of eighteen and was deployed for military training as a cadet officer at the Benguema Military Training Academy in Benguema, a town located just outside Freetown. After his training, he was commissioned into the Sierra Leone army at the young age of nineteen. He was posted to a barracks in Daru, Kailahun District in Eastern Sierra Leone.

paragraph: The Revolutionary United Front (RUF) led by Foday Sankoh began their first attack on 25 March 1991 in Buedu villages in Kailahun District. Strasser and other soldiers who were already in a military barracks in Kailahun, were sent to command and rout the rebellion against the RUF.

paragraph: Section::::Presidency.

paragraph: During Strasser's time at the war front in Kailahun District against the RUF, the Government of Sierra Leone led by president Joseph Saidu Momoh hardly supplied enough boots to the soldiers and the necessary military equipment to help fortify Strasser and his fellow soldiers in the war against the RUF. The soldiers never received their salaries on time and their welfare was hardly at the top of the government's list of priorities.

paragraph: After many appeals, warnings or threats, the young soldiers decided to march down in their combat from Kailahun to the State House in Freetown on 29 April 1992, to protest about their setbacks in pursuing the war, demanding their outstanding salaries. The group of soldiers was led by Strasser himself and his best friend Solomon Musa. The appearance of the soldiers in the capital city forced president Momoh to flee the country and he went into exile in Conakry, Guinea. This power vacuum motivated Strasser and his men to seize power, forming the NPRC, with Strasser as its leader and the Head of State of the country. Strasser became the youngest Head of State in the world at just twenty five years old.

paragraph: Section::::1996 Coup.

paragraph: On January 1996, after nearly four years in power, Strasser was ousted in another military coup, but this time it was his own NPRC members who were not satisfied with his handling of the peace process. The coup was led by his deputy, Brigadier General Julius Maada Bio, Colonel Tom Nyuma and Captain Komba Mondeh. Bio quickly rose as the leader of the coup, with the support of Nyuma and Mondeh and took over as Head of State of Sierra Leone.

paragraph: Section::::Post-Presidency.

paragraph: Following his overthrow, Strasser left for Ghana where he studied law at the University of Warwick in Coventry, England, but stopped his studies after a year. In 2000 Strasser left England for the Gambia only to have his entry to that country denied. He then moved back to Sierra Leone where he lives in poverty on a small pension in Grafton, east of Freetown, and runs the ICT Institute providing computer skills for youths.

paragraph: In January 2019 he fell gravely sick and was flown to Ghana for treatment, and he has not returned to Sierra Leone since.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

description: Sierra Leonean politician

wikidata_label: Valentine Strasser

wikipedia_title: Valentine Strasser


text:
Spanish
gymnast
FC Barcelona
1952 Summer Olympics
Helsinki
1955 Mediterranean Games
European Championship
Yuri Titov
1956 Summer Olympics
Melbourne
Spain
USSR
Hungarian Revolution
1960 Summer Olympics
Valdemeca
Cuenca
Canarias

categories: Spanish male artistic gymnasts,Catalan gymnasts,Spanish people of German descent,1933 births,1959 deaths,Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in Spain,Burials at Montjuïc Cemetery,Olympic gymnasts of Spain,Gymnasts at the 1952 Summer Olympics

paragraph: Joaquín Blume

paragraph: Joaquín Blume, in Catalan language Joaquim Blume, (June 21, 1933 – April 29, 1959) was a Spanish gymnast. The son of a German gymnastics instructor established in Barcelona, he belonged to the gymnastics section of FC Barcelona.

paragraph: He became Spanish gymnastics champion at 15 and he competed in the 1952 Summer Olympics of Helsinki with only 19 years. He went to win eight medals in the 1955 Mediterranean Games and in 1957 he won the European Championship, defeating favourite Yuri Titov. He was a favourite for the 1956 Summer Olympics of Melbourne, until Spain boycotted the games in protest against the presence of the USSR, after their brutal suppression of the Hungarian Revolution.

paragraph: He was also a favourite in the 1960 Summer Olympics, but he died in a plane crash at the Valdemeca mountains, in Cuenca, on April 29, 1959. The plane was headed for Canarias, where the Spanish gymnastics team were to do a gymnastics exhibition. His wife, also a gymnast and pregnant with their second child, was also a passenger. There were no survivors. He was survived by a daughter

paragraph: In his honour, the Catalan Gymnastics Federation started in 1969 the Memorial Joaquim Blume tournament, first only of male gymnastics with female competition introduced in 1972. A sculpture in his honour is displayed at the Gardens of Joan Brossa, in Barcelona.

description: Spanish gymnast

wikidata_label: Joaquín Blume

wikipedia_title: Joaquín Blume


text:
Marcomanni
Germanic peoples
Pannonia
Burgenland
Ambrose of Milan
Christianity
tribune
Notitia Dignitatum
Pope John Paul II
John Paul II
Notitia Dignitatum

wikipedia_title:
Marcomanni
Germanic peoples
Pannonia
Burgenland
Ambrose
Christianity
Tribune
Notitia Dignitatum
Pope John Paul II
Pope John Paul II
Notitia Dignitatum

categories: Marcomannic people,4th-century Germanic people,Queens,Germanic rulers,Germanic women,4th-century women rulers

paragraph: Fritigil

paragraph: Fritigil (or "Fritigils"), Queen of the Marcomanni, is the last known ruler of the Germanic peoples who were at that time (mid 4th century) probably settled in Pannonia. She is alleged to have had her residence in the present Burgenland. Fritigil corresponded with Ambrose of Milan for the conversion of her people to Christianity. She convinced her husband to submit to Roman authority and the tribe fell under the power of a tribune according to the "Notitia Dignitatum". Pope John Paul II referred to Fritigil in his letter "Operosam Diem":

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fritigil, markomannische Königin.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Paul II. "Operosam Diem". 1996.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Notitia Dignitatum":  Latin text with pictures, from Bibliotheca Augustana.

description: politician

wikidata_label: Fritigil

wikipedia_title: Fritigil


text:
Shah
Shirvan
Muhammad IV
Hunnic
Derbent
Manuchihr I
Manuchihr I
Prince Anushirvan
Ali II
Qubad
Shamkuya
Hashimid
Ahmad ibn Yazid
Ali III
Sallar
Ali III
Mamlan ibn Yazid
Fariburz I
Prince Anushirvan
Shamakhi

categories: 11th-century rulers in Asia,10th-century rulers in Asia

paragraph: Yazid II of Shirvan

paragraph: Yazid ibn Ahmad or Yazid II was the tenth independent Shah of Shirvan.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: Yazid replaced his brother Muhammad IV. His reign is notable because of Persianization of culture that took place. He continued the expansionist policy of his brother and attacked Gyurzul castle in 999, defeating its Hunnic ruler Abd-ul Barr Anbasah like his brother did before. He made several attempts to invade Derbent but was never successful. He was succeeded by his first son Manuchihr I.

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: Yazid II had several children. The most notable are:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Manuchihr I - Became shah in 1027.

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Prince Anushirvan - Rebelled.

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Ali II - Became shah in 1034.

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Qubad - Became shah in 1043.

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Shamkuya - married to the Hashimid ruler Abd al-Malik ibn Mansur in December 1035.

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Ahmad ibn Yazid - never ruled. Father of Ali III

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Sallar - deposed Ali III in 1050.

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Mamlan ibn Yazid - never ruled. Executed by Shirvanshah Fariburz I.

paragraph: Section::::Rebellion of Anushirvan.

paragraph: While his father was in Gyurzul castle, Prince Anushirvan decided to revolt against his father in capital Shamakhi. Citizens at first supported him but then turned against Prince and called the Shah back to the city. Prince decided to retreat to Gulustan castle but was killed as he fled.

wikidata_label: Yazid III Shirvanshah

wikipedia_title: Yazid II of Shirvan


text: Bulgarian American

text: Arlington High School

text: Arlington

text: Texas

text: University of Nebraska at Kearney

text: University of Nebraska-Kearney

text: World Wrestling Championships

text: 2009 World Wrestling Championships

text: Fardin Masoumi

text: 2014 World Wrestling Championships

text: Taha Akgül

text: 2012 Olympics

text: Artur Taymazov

text: Uzbekistan

text: Komeil Ghasemi

text: Iran

text: 2015 World Wrestling Championships

text: Zach Rey

text: 2016 Olympics

text: Geno Petriashvili

text: 120kg freestyle class

text: Artur Taymazov

text: Davit Modzmanashvili

text: Profile

categories: American people of Bulgarian descent,World Wrestling Championships medalists,Bulgarian emigrants to the United States,Nebraska–Kearney Lopers wrestlers,Wrestlers at the 2012 Summer Olympics,1985 births,Pan American Games gold medalists for the United States,Sportspeople from Columbus, Ohio,Sportspeople from Sofia,Pan American Games medalists in wrestling,University of Nebraska at Kearney alumni,American male sport wrestlers,Living people,Olympic wrestlers of the United States

paragraph: Tervel Dlagnev

paragraph: Tervel Ivaylov Dlagnev (, born November 19, 1985) is a Bulgarian American amateur freestyle wrestler, who represents the United States in the 125 kg weight division. He earned a bronze medal at the 2012 Olympic Games in London, and finished 5th at the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Dlagnev was born in Bulgaria, and at the age of four moved with his family to the United States. He went to Arlington High School in Arlington, Texas, where he took up wrestling as a way to lose weight. Dlagnev only wrestled two years in high school, where he finished third and fourth at the Texas state championships in 2003 and 2002, respectively.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Dlagnev was a four-time All-American and a two-time NCAA Division II national champion for the University of Nebraska at Kearney in 2007 and 2008; in 2008, Dlagnev led the University of Nebraska-Kearney to their first ever team title. His win secured the national championship not just for himself, but also for the University of Nebraska at Kearney wrestling team. UNK won the team title by 1/2 a point over Minnesota-State Mankato. In doing this, Dlagnev capped his senior season at a perfect 38-0.

paragraph: Dlagnev was a 2006 Midlands Champion at 285 lbs. He also is one of a few non D1 wrestlers to wrestle at the NWCA All-Star Classic. At the 2007 All-Star Classic, Dlagnev defeated Wade Sauer of Cal-State Fullerton 11-7.

paragraph: Section::::International career.

paragraph: Dlagnev has made eight national teams (Top 3 at the World Team Trials) since 2009, winning the World Team Trials each year with the exception of 2010. Dlagnev has won two bronze medals at the World Wrestling Championships, in 2009 and 2014. At the 2009 World Wrestling Championships, Dlagnev finished 4–1 with a loss in the semifinals to Fardin Masoumi, while at the 2014 World Wrestling Championships Dlagnev also finished 4–1 with a loss in the quarterfinals to eventual champion Taha Akgül.

paragraph: Dlagnev finished fifth at the World Championships in 2011 and 2013, with another fifth place finish at the 2012 Olympics. During the wrestling competition at the 2012 Summer Olympics, Dlagnev finished in fifth place after he was pinned by Artur Taymazov from Uzbekistan in the semi-final and suffered a loss against Komeil Ghasemi from Iran in his bronze medal bout due to separated cartilage in his rib cage.

paragraph: In 2015, Dlagnev won the United States World Team Trials but was unable to compete at the 2015 World Wrestling Championships and was replaced by Zach Rey, who was runner-up at the trials. Dlagnev also won the Olympic Trials in 2016 and represented the United States at the 2016 Olympics in Brazil, where he reached the semi-finals, but again missed out on a medal after losing to Geno Petriashvili in his bronze medal bout.

paragraph: Other tournaments won by Dlagnev include the US Open (2011–2015), World University Games in 2008, Pan American Games in 2011, Alexander Medved International (2010, 2013), Cerro Pelado International in 2012, and the New York AC International Open (2008–2010, 2012)

paragraph: In 2019, the two-time Olympian had his 2012 Olympic results upgraded to bronze in the 120kg freestyle class following the International Olympic Committee's announcement they are stripping Uzbekistan's Artur Taymazov of his gold medal for a doping violation. Dlagnev had originally finished fifth, but Davit Modzmanashvili was stripped of his silver earlier in the year.

paragraph: Coaching Career:

paragraph: Dlagnev is currently the head freestyle coach at the Ohio Regional Training Center (ORTC) and also serves as an assistant coach to Tom Ryan for Ohio State University.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile at TheMat.com

description: Bulgarian American wrestler

wikidata_label: Tervel Dlagnev

wikipedia_title: Tervel Dlagnev


href: Shah Shirvan Ganja%2C%20Azerbaijan

text: Shah Shirvan Ganja

paragraph: Manuchihr II of Shirvan

paragraph: Abul Muzaffar Manuchehr was the seventeenth independent Shah of Shirvan.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: Very little information is known about his reign except numismatics. He was likely emir of Ganja during his father's reign.

wikidata_label: Shirvanshah Manuchehr II

wikipedia_title: Manuchihr II of Shirvan


text:
Shah
Shirvan
Derbent
Shaddadid
Abu'l-Asvar Shavur I
Fariburz I
Sarir
Derbent
David IV
Georgia
Pir Huseyn Khanqah
Pirsaat
Khaqani
Dara

categories: 12th-century Iranian people,11th-century Iranian people,1046 births,1120 deaths

paragraph: Afridun I

paragraph: Afridun the Martyr was the eighteenth Shah of Shirvan. He was appointed governor of Derbent several times during his father's reign.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: After having suffered from several raids from the Shaddadid ruler Abu'l-Asvar Shavur I, Afridun was sent by his father Fariburz I to ask for help from the ruler of Sarir, whom Afridun was related to through his mother. However, the ruler of Sarir declined his request, and after three months, Afridun returned to Shirvan. On 30 January 1066, Fariburz appointed Afridun as the governor of Derbent, who was warmly received by its people. On July 1068, Afridun left Derbent and returned to Shirvan.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: Afridun reigned during an unfortunate time in Shirvanshah history. It's known that he died in a battle against "infidels" and gained the nickname, "the Martyr". There are not any coin surviving to this day bearing his name. He married his son Manuchehr to David IV's daughter - Tamar. He was unsuccessful against invasions from Georgia and killed near Derbent in 1120.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: His name is inscribed on Pir Huseyn Khanqah located near river Pirsaat: "This building was ordered to be built by Abu'l Muzaffar Fariburz ibn Gershab, ibn Farrukhzad, ibn Manuchehr's ancestor Jam Afridun" He is remembered by Khaqani in his ode to Ismataddin: "I saw jewels of Dara in the mines of Afridun the Martyr".

wikidata_label: Shirvanshah Afridun I

wikipedia_title: Afridun I


text:
gunsmith
company
Minutemen
Acton, Massachusetts
American Revolutionary War
British Regulars
Battle of Concord
bayonet
Old North Bridge
officer
Daniel Chester French
Province of Massachusetts Bay
taxation policies
Parliament
Boston, Massachusetts
Thomas Gage
Massachusetts General Court
Massachusetts Provincial Congress
powder horn
omen
Concord, Massachusetts
Paul Revere
Sons of Liberty
Lieutenant Colonel
Francis Smith
John Hancock
Samuel Adams
Lexington, Massachusetts
Paul Revere
William Dawes
Lexington Green
Samuel Prescott
Colonel
Old North Bridge
Concord River
The '45
Lincoln
Bedford
gun carriages
Major
John Robinson
Westford
Abner Hosmer
Old North Bridge
Daniel Chester French
"Abraham Lincoln"
Lincoln Memorial
Ralph Waldo Emerson
state quarter
National Guard of the United States
Patriots' Day
Isaac Davis Trail
Boy Scouts
Acton Minutemen Website
Isaac Davis Trail Scout Camporee

categories: 1775 deaths,People of colonial Massachusetts,People from Concord, Massachusetts,People of Massachusetts in the American Revolution,Military personnel killed in the American Revolutionary War,1745 births,Massachusetts militiamen in the American Revolution,Deaths by firearm in Massachusetts

paragraph: Isaac Davis (soldier)

paragraph: Isaac Davis (February 23, 1745 – April 19, 1775) was a gunsmith and a militia officer who commanded a company of Minutemen from Acton, Massachusetts, during the first battle of the American Revolutionary War. In the months leading up to the Revolution, Davis set unusually high standards for his company in terms of equipment, training, and preparedness. His company was selected to lead the advance on the British Regulars during the Battle of Concord because his men were entirely outfitted with bayonets. During the American advance on the British at the Old North Bridge, Davis was among the first killed and was the first American officer to die in the Revolution.

paragraph: Davis is memorialized through the Isaac Davis Monument on the Acton Town Common. He was also the inspiration behind "The Minute Man" (1875), the sculpture at the Old North Bridge by Daniel Chester French. The sculpture, which French attempted to model after Davis using photographs of Davis's descendants, is now an iconic national symbol.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life and family.

paragraph: Davis was born February 23, 1745 in the village of West Acton to Ezekial Davis (b. 1717) and Mary ("nee" Gibson) Davis (1725-1773). He married Hannah Brown (born 1746) on October 24, 1764. They had four children—two boys and two girls.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Preparations for war.

paragraph: During the early 1770s, many inhabitants of the Province of Massachusetts Bay protested taxation policies established by British Parliament. These protests eventually resulted in the military occupation of the provincial capital of Boston, Massachusetts which, consequently caused further unrest. In September 1774, the military governor, General Thomas Gage, dissolved the Massachusetts General Court, placing the province under martial law. Citizens of Massachusetts formed an extra-legal Massachusetts Provincial Congress to govern the province outside of the rule of the King. In October 1774, the Massachusetts Provincial Congress recommended that each town establish a company of Minutemen—specially trained militia who could be ready at short notice in the event that the British Regulars in Boston attempted any warlike movements.

paragraph: In November 1774, Acton formed a company of Minutemen, and Davis was elected captain. He was determined that his company be as well-equipped as the British soldiers. Most provincial Minuteman companies, unlike professional soldiers, were not equipped with bayonets for use in close combat and they typically re-loaded using powder horns, a slow method more suited to hunting than to battle. Davis employed his skills as a gunsmith to outfit nearly every man in his company with a bayonet and saw that his men were supplied with cartridge boxes, allowing his company to re-load as quickly as the British. Finally, Davis emphasized marksmanship, training his company on an improvised shooting range behind his house. These high standards in terms of equipment and training made the Acton company one of the best prepared in Massachusetts.

paragraph: According to tradition, Davis was a superstitious man who believed he had seen numerous omens that indicated that he would die if forced into battle. In 1851, Rev. James Woodbury, Acton's representative to the Massachusetts General Court, delivered a speech about Davis to the House of Representatives. During this speech, Woodbury described an incident that allegedly took place a few days before the Battle of Concord in which Davis and his family returned home to find an owl perched on Davis's musket. According to Woodbury, "It was an ill omen, a bad sign. The sober conclusion was that the first time that Davis went into battle, he would lose his life."

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Battle of Concord.

paragraph: During the early spring of 1775, Gage planned an expedition to confiscate a large stockpile of gunpowder and weapons kept by the provincials in Concord, Massachusetts. On April 15, he issued orders to hand-picked companies of British Regulars in Boston, relieving them from their usual duties. Concluding that a British movement was imminent, Paul Revere, a messenger for the provincial Sons of Liberty, was sent to Concord on April 16 to warn the inhabitants. Most of the supplies were removed from Concord, and the Minuteman companies were on alert days before the British marched from Boston.

paragraph: On the night of April 18, 1775, Gage dispatched approximately 800 British Regulars under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Francis Smith. The Sons of Liberty in Boston were convinced that the British troops would also attempt to capture the provincial leaders, John Hancock and Samuel Adams, who were in Lexington, Massachusetts. Messengers Paul Revere and William Dawes therefore rode again on the night of April 18 to warn Hancock and Adams that the soldiers were marching from Boston. In Lexington, the British force encountered resistance from the Lexington militia, and a skirmish ensued on Lexington Green; eight provincials were killed, and one British soldier was wounded. Following the action on Lexington Green, the British marched on to Concord.

paragraph: Word of the British movement reached Acton just before dawn on April 19, most likely delivered by Dr. Samuel Prescott, a resident of Concord and one of the Sons of Liberty. As the alarm spread, the Acton Minutemen began to gather at Davis's home. While waiting for others to arrive, the men made paper cartridges and some powdered their hair with flour so as to appear more like gentlemen when they met the British in battle. As the Minutemen prepared, Davis's wife noticed that he seemed especially somber and said very little. As some of his men joked about getting shot at by a British soldier, Davis rebuked them, reminding them that some of them would soon be killed.

paragraph: Davis formed up his company and ordered them to march at about 7 a.m. According to his wife and other witnesses, shortly after stepping off, Davis ordered his company to halt, then returned to his front door to tell his wife, "Take good care of the children." Soon after crossing into Concord, the Acton company passed the farm of Colonel James Barrett who commanded the provincial troops in Concord that morning. A small detachment of British soldiers were searching Barrett's farm for supplies, and Davis considered attacking them. His orders, however, were to muster with the rest of the provincial militia and Minutemen near the Old North Bridge by the Concord River. He then diverted his company off the road, avoiding the British at Barrett's farm and marching past a tavern belonging to a Widow Brown. A boy named Charles Handley, who lived at Widow Brown's Tavern, saw Davis's company pass the tavern. He recalled many years later that a fifer and drummer played a song called "The White Cockade", a reference to the white ribbon worn on their bonnets by Scots revolutionaries during The '45. Tradition persists that this was Davis's favorite marching song, but there is little evidence to support this notion. There is also a tradition that the Acton musicians played the White Cockade later when Davis's company led the advance on the British at the Old North Bridge, although this too is not supported by primary source accounts.

paragraph: Davis's company reached the area of the Old North Bridge at approximately 9 a.m. Several other companies of militia and Minutemen, consisting of about 500 men from Concord, Lincoln, and Bedford, had already gathered on a small hill overlooking the bridge. Approximately 100 British Regulars occupied the bridge. Shortly after Davis arrived, Barrett called a council of the officers present to determine whether or not to attack the Regulars at the bridge. In Concord, the majority of the British force was searching for supplies, but they found little. When they decided to burn some wooden gun carriages they discovered, the provincials near the Old North Bridge saw the smoke and thought the British were burning the town. Barrett then made the decision to attack the soldiers holding the bridge.

paragraph: Davis's company had taken their designated position at the left of the provincial line. This would have placed the Acton company in the rear of the attack when the line advanced. The company in the lead would have been Captain David Brown's company from Concord. When Barrett asked Brown if he would lead the attack, Brown responded that he would rather not. Knowing that Davis's company was well equipped with bayonets and cartridge boxes, Barrett asked Davis if his company would lead the advance. Several slight variations of Davis's response have been recorded. His response is most often given as, "I have not a man that is afraid to go." Following Barrett's orders, Davis then moved his company to the right of the line. Around 10:30, the provincials faced to the right and advanced on the Old North Bridge in a column of two men abreast. At the head of the column was Davis, Major John Buttrick of Concord, and Lt. Col. John Robinson of Westford. Barrett remained behind on the hill, cautioning his men as they marched by him not to fire first. The British at the bridge, watching the provincials approach, were surprised to see, as one soldier later said, that they "advanced with the greatest regularity".

paragraph: When the provincials were within about 75 yards of the bridge, the Regulars fired a few warning shots. Luther Blanchard, the fifer from Acton, was hit and wounded by one of these warning shots. The British then fired a disorganized volley. Isaac Davis was shot through the heart. Private Abner Hosmer of Acton was also killed in this volley. Seeing these casualties, Buttrick commanded, "Fire, fellow soldiers, for God's sake fire!" and the provincials returned fire, causing the British to immediately retreat back to Concord.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: In February 1851, shortly after the 75th anniversary of the Battle of Concord, Rev. James Woodbury of Acton petitioned the Massachusetts General Court for funds to build a large monument to Isaac Davis in Acton. After the legislature appropriated $2,000 for the project, the 75-foot tall stone obelisk was completed that fall and dedicated on October 29, 1851. The remains of Davis, Hosmer, and James Hayward (an Acton soldier who was killed in Lexington later in the battle) were moved and re-interred beneath the monument. At the base of the monument is a stone brought from the vicinity of the Old North Bridge in Concord which is, according to an inscription, the stone upon which Davis's head fell when he was killed.

paragraph: In 1875, on the centennial of the Battle of Concord, a statue called "The Minute Man" was placed on the approximate site of Isaac Davis's death. The statue was the first public work of sculptor Daniel Chester French, best known for his 1920 statue, "Abraham Lincoln", in the Lincoln Memorial. Although commissioned to sculpt a generic provincial soldier, French was inspired by the story of Isaac Davis and modeled the facial features of his statue after photographs of Isaac Davis's descendants. Davis's plow, which is currently on display in Acton's Town Hall, was used as the model for the plow on the statue.

paragraph: On the base of the statue is inscribed the first stanza of Ralph Waldo Emerson's Concord Hymn written in 1836:

paragraph: "By the rude bridge that arched the flood,"

paragraph: "Their flag to April's breeze unfurled,"

paragraph: "Here once the embattled farmers stood"

paragraph: "And fired the shot heard round the world."

paragraph: Representing Davis, the statue of "The Minute Man" with a musket in one hand and the other resting on a plow remains an iconic symbol, and can be found on the Massachusetts state quarter, corporate logos, and the seal of the National Guard of the United States.

paragraph: The route of the Acton Minutemen is retraced every Patriots' Day in April by today's recreated company of Acton Minutemen, and by citizens and visitors. Now called the Isaac Davis Trail, the seven mile route from Acton to Concord traverses roads still in use as well as woodland trails. The path was established in 1957 by a group of Acton Boy Scouts who researched the historic route, cleared the portions of the path no longer in use, and placed markers. The trail was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Acton Minutemen Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Isaac Davis Trail Scout Camporee

description: American gunsmith

wikidata_label: Isaac Davis

wikipedia_title: Isaac Davis (soldier)


text: Manchu

text: Bordered Yellow Banner

text: Jiaqing Emperor

text: Minister of Works

text: Minister of War

text: Minister of Rites

text: Yehe Nara

text: lunar

text: Qianlong Emperor

text: Gregorian calendar

text: Yongyan

text: Retired Emperor

text: Empress Xiaoshurui

text: Minning

text: Crown Prince

text: Chengde

text: Hall of Central Harmony

text: Western Qing tombs

text: Qianlong Emperor

text: Jiaqing Emperor

text: Daoguang Emperor

text: Prince Dun of the Second Rank

text: Prince Rui of the First Rank

text: The Rise and Fall of Qing Dynasty

text: Rebecca Chan

text: War and Beauty

text: Curse of the Royal Harem

text: Selena Lee

text: Succession War

categories: Qing dynasty empresses dowager,Manchu people,1850 deaths,Qing dynasty empresses,1776 births,18th-century Chinese women

image: 512px-《孝和睿皇后朝服像》局部.jpg

paragraph: Empress Xiaoherui

paragraph: Empress Xiaoherui (20 November 1776 – 23 January 1850), of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Niohuru clan, was a consort of the Jiaqing Emperor. She was 16 years his junior.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Family background.

paragraph: Empress Xiaoherui's personal name was not recorded in history.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Father: Gūnggala (), served as the Minister of Works from 1810–1811, the Minister of War from 1811–1812 and the Minister of Rites from 1804–1810 and from 1812–1813, and held the title of a first class duke ()

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paternal grandfather: Gongbao ()

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mother: Lady Yehe Nara

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paternal grandfather: Baiming ()

paragraph: BULLET::::- One elder brother and two younger brothers

paragraph: BULLET::::- Two younger sisters

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Qianlong era.

paragraph: The future Empress Xiaoherui was born on the tenth day of the tenth lunar month in the 41st year of the reign of the Qianlong Emperor, which translates to 20 November 1776 in the Gregorian calendar.

paragraph: In 1790, Lady Niohuru became a secondary consort of Yongyan, the 15th son of the Qianlong Emperor. She gave birth on 2 August 1793 to his seventh daughter, who would die prematurely in July or August 1795, and on 6 August 1795 to his third son, Miankai.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Jiaqing era.

paragraph: On 9 February 1796, the Qianlong Emperor abdicated in favour of Yongyan and became a Retired Emperor, while Yonyan was enthroned as the Jiaqing Emperor. On 12 February 1796, Lady Niohuru was granted the title "Noble Consort".

paragraph: When the Jiaqing Emperor's primary consort, Empress Xiaoshurui, died of illness on 5 March 1797, Lady Niohuru was placed in charge of the emperor's harem, making her a "de facto" Empress, and was elevated to "Imperial Noble Consort". The Jiaqing Emperor wanted to make Lady Niohuru his new Empress but had to wait until the mourning period for Empress Xiaoshurui was over. The Qianlong Emperor died on 7 February 1799 so Lady Niohuru's promotion to Empress was delayed until 27 May 1801.

paragraph: Lady Niohuru was put in charge of the upbringing of Minning, the Jiaqing Emperor's second son who was born to Empress Xiaoshurui. She took care of Minning and treated him well, and they shared a close and harmonious relationship.

paragraph: On 9 March 1805, Lady Niohuru gave birth to the emperor's fourth son, Mianxin.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Daoguang era.

paragraph: When the Jiaqing Emperor died on 2 September 1820 before designating one of his sons as Crown Prince, the decision on the succession was left to Lady Niohuru, who became Empress Dowager. Lady Niohuru proclaimed Minning the new emperor before an imperial edict was officially issued. She ordered her servants to deliver the message to Minning, who was away in Chengde at the time. Minning rushed back to the Forbidden City and was enthroned as the Daoguang Emperor.

paragraph: The Daoguang Emperor was extremely pleased with Lady Niohuru's decision to make him emperor, claiming that she was broad-minded because she did not misuse her power to name either of her two sons as the new emperor. The Daoguang Emperor also granted Lady Niohuru the title "Empress Dowager Gongci". Lady Niohuru moved to the Forbidden City's Palace of Longevity and Health, which was traditionally a residence of the emperor's mother.

paragraph: In 1836, Lady Niohuru celebrated her 60th birthday. The Daoguang Emperor donned his formal court regalia for the occasion. He first went to the Hall of Central Harmony, where he read a memorial for the Empress Dowager to wish her well. He then mounted a cart and rode through the right Wing Gate to the left Gate of Eternal Health, where he disembarked. Carrying the memorial in his hands, the emperor was accompanied by an entourage of nobles and high-ranking officials. After the emperor delivered his message and birthday gifts, the retinue jointly presented Lady Niohuru with a court scepter.

paragraph: On 10 April 1838, Lady Niohuru and the Daoguang Emperor visited the Western Qing tombs for 13 days.

paragraph: Lady Niohuru died on 23 January 1850. She was posthumously granted the title "Empress Xiaoherui", and was interred in a separate tomb near the Chang Mausoleum of the Western Qing tombs.

paragraph: Section::::Titles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- During the reign of the Qianlong Emperor (r. 1735–1796):

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Niohuru (from 20 November 1776)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Secondary consort (; from 1790)

paragraph: BULLET::::- During the reign of the Jiaqing Emperor (r. 1796–1820):

paragraph: BULLET::::- Noble Consort (; from 12 February 1796), third rank consort

paragraph: BULLET::::- Imperial Noble Consort (; from 14 June 1797), second rank consort

paragraph: BULLET::::- Empress (; from 27 May 1801)

paragraph: BULLET::::- During the reign of the Daoguang Emperor (r. 1820–1850):

paragraph: BULLET::::- Empress Dowager Gongci (; from 2 September 1820)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Empress Xiaoherui" (; from April/May 1821)

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- As secondary consort:

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Jiaqing Emperor's seventh daughter (2 August 1793 – July/August 1795)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Miankai (; 6 August 1795 – 18 January 1838), the Jiaqing Emperor's third son, granted the title Prince Dun of the Second Rank in 1819, elevated to Prince Dun of the First Rank in 1821, posthumously honoured as Prince Dunke of the First Rank

paragraph: BULLET::::- As Empress:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mianxin (; 9 March 1805 – 27 September 1828), the Jiaqing Emperor's fourth son, granted the title Prince Rui of the First Rank in 1819, posthumously honoured as Prince Ruihuai of the First Rank

paragraph: Section::::In fiction and popular culture.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Poon Sin-yi in "The Rise and Fall of Qing Dynasty" (1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Rebecca Chan in "War and Beauty" (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Gigi Wong in "Curse of the Royal Harem" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Selena Lee in "Succession War" (2018)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ranks of imperial consorts in China#Qing

paragraph: BULLET::::- Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty

description: Qing Dynasty empress

wikidata_label: Empress Xiaoherui

wikipedia_title: Empress Xiaoherui


text:
banjo
National Four-String Banjo Hall of Fame
Woody Allen
Wild Man Blues
Marvin Hamlisch
Sophie's Choice
Piano Jazz
Woman's Hour
Bucky Pizzarelli
Charlie Giordano
Jane Ira Bloom
Waltham
Massachusetts
Wayland, Massachusetts
Scotch Plains
New Jersey
Ithaca College
Jazzology
Banjo Hall of Fame Members
List of banjo players
The Mississippi Rag
Official Site
Woody Allen & His New Orleans Jazz Band

categories: People from Scotch Plains, New Jersey,People from Waltham, Massachusetts,American jazz banjoists,1962 births,Living people,American female jazz musicians

paragraph: Cynthia Sayer

paragraph: Cynthia Nan Sayer is a jazz banjoist, vocalist, concert and recording artist, and entertainer. She is also a 2006 inductee into the National Four-String Banjo Hall of Fame as recognition as a Contemporary Performer.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Sayer is a founding member of Woody Allen's New Orleans Jazz Band. She appears in the documentary about Allen, "Wild Man Blues" and its soundtrack and on the album "The Bunk Project" (1993). She has performed on Allen's movies "The Purple Rose of Cairo", "Bullets Over Broadway", "Anything Else", and "Magic in the Moonlight". She has also played on a number of other feature film and TV show soundtracks, including "The Cosby Mysteries". In 1982, she recorded with Marvin Hamlisch for the soundtrack for "Sophie's Choice".

paragraph: Sayer has been a guest on numerous TV and radio show programs, including the National Public Radio show, "Piano Jazz", "NDR Talk Show" in Germany, and "Woman's Hour" in England, and "Woodsongs Old-Time Radio Hour". She was filmed for the 2011 PBS documentary, "Give Me the Banjo", was featured in "Downbeat" magazine in 2013.

paragraph: Sayer tours with her bands, Cynthia Sayer & Joyride, Cynthia Sayer & Sparks Fly, and Cynthia Sayer's Women of the World Jazz Band (WOW). Her albums included "Attractions" with Bucky Pizzarelli and "Joyride" with Charlie Giordano. She has performed at the White House, Lincoln Center, and Carnegie Hall.

paragraph: In 2006 she was inducted into the National Four-String Banjo Hall of Fame, which is part of the American Banjo Museum.

paragraph: Sayer has also become involved as an educator, performing programs about early jazz and the 4-string banjo at colleges, giving lecture/demonstrations for various organizations, teaching workshops while on tour worldwide, giving private lessons, hosting jam sessions, and more. Teaching credits include the New School of Music, where she taught several Traditional Jazz Ensemble Workshops for Jane Ira Bloom's class. She has also written feature articles for several American and British trade publications, including "The Resonator", the quarterly newsletter for the non-profit group Banjos Unlimited; "All Frets", and "Just Jazz".

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Sayer was born in Waltham, Massachusetts, spent her early childhood in Wayland, Massachusetts, and the remainder of her growing up years in Scotch Plains, New Jersey. She took up the banjo when she was thirteen years old. She graduated from Ithaca College with a degree in English.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jazz at Home" (Jazzology, 1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "String Swing" (Jazzology, 2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Attractions" (Plunk, 2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Joyride" (Plunk, 2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "You're IN The Band" Play-Along Program - Book + CDs (Plunk, 2016)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Banjo Hall of Fame Members

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of banjo players

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Mississippi Rag, "Cynthia Sayer, Banjoist from the Big Apple", by George A. Borgman, June 1994.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Site

paragraph: BULLET::::- Woody Allen & His New Orleans Jazz Band

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Cynthia Sayer

wikipedia_title: Cynthia Sayer


text:
Canadian
rower
Victoria, British Columbia
Brentwood College School
Mill Bay, British Columbia
2000
2004
2008
2012
Beijing
China
silver medal
rowing event
Men's coxless pair
Scott Frandsen
first Canadians
medal
Terry Paul
British Columbia
Brentwood College
Profile

categories: Rowers at the 2012 Summer Olympics,1978 births,Olympic medalists in rowing,Medalists at the 2008 Summer Olympics,Olympic silver medalists for Canada,Rowers from Victoria, British Columbia,World Rowing Championships medalists for Canada,Rowers at the 2004 Summer Olympics,Canadian sportsperson-politicians,Olympic rowers of Canada,Canadian male rowers,Rowers at the 2000 Summer Olympics,Rowers at the 2008 Summer Olympics,British Columbia Liberal Party candidates in British Columbia provincial elections,Living people

paragraph: David Calder (rower)

paragraph: David Calder or Dave Calder (born May 21, 1978) is a Canadian rower. He was born in Victoria, British Columbia. He graduated from Brentwood College School (Mill Bay, British Columbia) in 1996.

paragraph: He has competed at four Olympics, 2000, 2004, 2008, and 2012. Competing at the 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing, China he won the silver medal in the rowing event Men's coxless pair along with Scott Frandsen. They were the first Canadians to win a medal at the 2008 Olympics, when they won silver, for which Terry Paul was their coach.

paragraph: He holds the British Columbia 2000 metre ergometer record at the Junior A (Under-19) level with a time of 5:59.9, a time set in 1996 while a student at Brentwood College.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::-  Official website of David Calder

paragraph: BULLET::::-  David Calder on YouTube

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile at Rowing Canada

description: Canadian rower

wikidata_label: David Calder

wikipedia_title: David Calder (rower)


text: track

text: 2008 Summer Olympics

text: Bradley Wiggins

text: World

text: 2016 Olympics

text: Burnley

text: Colne

text: Nelson and Colne College

text: Manchester Velodrome

text: Mark Cavendish

text: Motorpoint Pro-Cycling

categories: Olympic gold medallists for Great Britain,Cyclists at the 2014 Commonwealth Games,Members of the Order of the British Empire,Medalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics,Olympic medalists in cycling,Cyclists at the 2016 Summer Olympics,English Olympic medallists,UCI Track Cycling World Champions (men),Medalists at the 2008 Summer Olympics,Commonwealth Games silver medallists for England,Sportspeople from Burnley,Commonwealth Games medallists in cycling,Cyclists at the 2012 Summer Olympics,English male cyclists,Olympic cyclists of Great Britain,Cyclists at the 2008 Summer Olympics,Living people,People from Colne,1988 births,Olympic bronze medallists for Great Britain,Medalists at the 2012 Summer Olympics,Commonwealth Games competitors for England

paragraph: Steven Burke

paragraph: Steven James Burke, (born 4 March 1988) is an English track and road cyclist who rides for the cycling team. He represented Britain at the 2008 Summer Olympics, beating his pre-Olympics personal best in the individual pursuit by 11 seconds to take the bronze medal. He stood on the podium alongside his cycling idol, gold medalist Bradley Wiggins. In 2012, Burke was part of the Great Britain team that won the Olympic and World championships in the Team Pursuit discipline. He was part of the GB team that retained the team pursuit title at the 2016 Olympics.

paragraph: Burke was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2013 New Year Honours for services to cycling.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Burke was born in Burnley and lived in Colne, Lancashire during his early life, attending Park High School and later Nelson and Colne College (which named its sports centre after him).

paragraph: Born into a cycling family, both Burke's grandfather Brian Wesson and his mother Sharon have competed at national level. His dad Alvin also was a cyclist and competed in many time trials. He began attending Manchester Velodrome as a teenager, previously being more interested in Football.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Despite specialising in the team pursuit, Burke has an impressive turn of speed, demonstrated by his success as a junior in the scratch and kilo events. He was consistently beating Mark Cavendish in sprints during training in 2007.

paragraph: Section::::Major results.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2012

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2016

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2012 Summer Olympics and Paralympics gold post boxes

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Motorpoint Pro-Cycling

paragraph: BULLET::::- Steven Burke, articles at Pendletoday.co.uk

paragraph: BULLET::::- British Cycling interview with Steven Burke, 23 July 2006

description: cyclist

wikidata_label: Steven Burke

wikipedia_title: Steven Burke


text:
Persian
Muslim
Mewlānā Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Balkhi
Diwan-i Shams-i Tabrīzī
Konya
Damascus
UNESCO
Sipah Salar
Haji Bektash Veli
Tabriz
Haji Bektash Veli
Ismaili
Imam Shams al-din Muhammad
Konya
Haji Bektash Veli
Konya
Rumi
Rumi
Rumi
Konya
Khoy
Ali ibn Abu Talib
Khoy
Sultan Walad
Rumi
mathnawi
Shams Tabrizi's tomb
UNESCO
Persian language
Arabic
‘Alid
Badakhshan
List of Persian poets and authors
Persian literature
Rumi's Kimia (film)
The Twelve Imams
Sufism
Alevism
Haji Bektash Veli
Rumi
William C. Chittick
Poems written by Hazrat Shams Tabrezi

categories: 1248 deaths,Persian philosophers,12th-century Persian poets,Medieval Persian people,13th-century Persian poets,People from Tabriz,1185 births,12th-century Iranian people,Iranian Sufis

paragraph: Shams Tabrizi

paragraph: Shams-i-Tabrīzī () or Shams al-Din Mohammad (1185–1248) was a Persian Muslim, who is credited as the spiritual instructor of Mewlānā Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Balkhi, also known as Rumi and is referenced with great reverence in Rumi's poetic collection, in particular "Diwan-i Shams-i Tabrīzī (The Works of Shams of Tabriz)". Tradition holds that Shams taught Rumi in seclusion in Konya for a period of forty days, before fleeing for Damascus. The tomb of Shams-i Tabrīzī was recently nominated to be a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: According to Sipah Salar, a devotee and intimate friend of Rumi who spent forty days with him, Shams was the son of the Imam Ala al-Din. In a work entitled "Manāqib al-‘arifīn" ("Eulogies of the Gnostics"), Aflaki names a certain ‘Ali as the father of Shams-i Tabrīzī and his grandfather as Malikdad. Apparently basing his calculations on Haji Bektash Veli's "Maqālāt" ("Conversations"), Aflaki suggests that Shams arrived in Konya at the age of sixty years. However, various scholars have questioned Aflaki’s reliability.

paragraph: Shams received his education in Tabriz and was a disciple of Baba Kamal al-Din Jumdi. Before meeting Rumi, he apparently traveled from place to place weaving baskets and selling girdles for a living. Despite his occupation as a weaver, Shams received the epithet of “the embroiderer” ("zarduz") in various biographical accounts including that of the Persian historian Dawlatshah. This however, is not the occupation listed by Haji Bektash Veli in the "Maqālat" and was rather the epithet given to the Ismaili Imam Shams al-din Muhammad, who worked as an embroiderer while living in anonymity in Tabriz. The transference of the epithet to the biography of Rumi's mentor suggests that this Imam's biography must have been known to Shams-i Tabrīzī's biographers. The specificities of how this transference occurred, however, are not yet known.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Shams’ first encounter with Rumi.

paragraph: On 15 November 1244, a man in a black suit from head to toe came to the famous inn of Sugar Merchants of Konya. His name was Shams Tabrizi. He was claiming to be a travelling merchant. As it was said in Haji Bektash Veli's book, "Makalat", he was looking for something which he was going to find in Konya. Eventually he found Rumi riding a horse.

paragraph: One day Rumi was reading next to a large stack of books. Shams Tabriz, passing by, asked him, "What are you doing?" Rumi scoffingly replied, "Something you cannot understand." (This is knowledge that cannot be understood by the unlearned.) On hearing this, Shams threw the stack of books into a nearby pool of water. Rumi hastily rescued the books and to his surprise they were all dry. Rumi then asked Shams, "What is this?" To which Shams replied, "Mowlana, this is what you cannot understand." (This is knowledge that cannot be understood by the learned.)

paragraph: A second version of the tale has Shams passing by Rumi who again is reading a book. Rumi regards him as an uneducated stranger. Shams asks Rumi what he is doing, to which Rumi replies, "Something that you do not understand!" At that moment, the books suddenly catch fire and Rumi asks Shams to explain what happened. His reply was, "Something you do not understand."

paragraph: Another version of the first encounter is this: In the marketplace of Konya, amid the cotton stalls, sugar vendors, and vegetable stands, Rumi rode through the street, surrounded by his students. Shams caught hold of the reins of his donkey and rudely challenged the master with two questions. “Who was the greater mystic, Bayazid [a Sufi saint] or Muhammad?” Shams demanded. "What a strange question! Muhammad is greater than all the saints," Rumi replied. "So, why is it then that Muhammad said to God, ‘I didn’t know you as I should have,’ while Bayazid proclaimed, ‘Glory be to me! How exalted is my Glory! [that is, he claimed the station of God himself]?" Rumi explained that Muhammad was the greater of the two, because Bayazid could be filled to capacity by a single experience of divine blessings. He lost himself completely and was filled with God. Muhammad's capacity was unlimited and could never be filled. His desire was endless, and he was always thirsty. With every moment he came closer to God, and then regretted his former distant state. For that reason he said, “I have never known you as I should have.” It is recorded that after this exchange of words, Rumi felt a window open at the top of his head and saw smoke rise to heaven. He cried out, fell to the ground, and lost consciousness for one hour. Shams, upon hearing these answers, realized that he was face to face with the object of his longing, the one he had prayed God to send him. When Rumi awoke, he took Shams's hand, and the two of them returned to Rumi's school together on foot.

paragraph: After several years with Rumi in Konya, Shams left and settled in Khoy. As the years passed, Rumi attributed more and more of his own poetry to Shams as a sign of love for his departed friend and master. In Rumi's poetry Shams becomes a guide of Allah's (Creator) love for mankind; Shams was a sun ("Shams" means "Sun" in Arabic) shining the Light of Sun as guide for the right path dispelling darkness in Rumi's heart, mind, and body on earth. The source of Shams' teachings was the knowledge of Ali ibn Abu Talib, who is also called "the father of sufism".

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: According to contemporary Sufi tradition, Shams Tabrizi mysteriously disappeared: some say he was killed by close disciples of Mowlana Jalaluddin Rumi who were jealous of the close relationship between Rumi and Shams, but according to many certain evidences, he left Konya and died in Khoy where he was buried. Sultan Walad, Rumi's son, in his "Walad-Nama" mathnawi just mentions that Shams mysteriously disappeared from Konya with no more specific details.

paragraph: Shams Tabrizi's tomb in Khoy, beside a tower monument in a memorial park, has been nominated as a World Cultural Heritage Center by UNESCO.

paragraph: Section::::Discourse of Shams Tabrīzī.

paragraph: The "Maqalat-e Shams-e Tabrizi" ("Discourse of Shams-i Tabrīzī") is a Persian prose book written by Shams. The "Maqalat" seems to have been written during the later years of Shams, as he speaks of himself as an old man. Overall, it bears a mystical interpretation of Islam and contains spiritual advice.

paragraph: Some excerpts from the "Maqalat" provide insight into the thoughts of Shams:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blessing is excess, so to speak, an excess of everything. Don't be content with being a faqih (religious scholar), say I want more – more than being a Sufi (a mystic), more than being a mystic – more than each thing that comes before you."

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A good man complains of no-one; he does not look to faults."

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Joy is like pure clear water; wherever it flows, wondrous blossoms grow…Sorrow is like a black flood; wherever it flows it wilts the blossoms."

paragraph: BULLET::::- "And the Persian language, how did it happen? With so much elegance and goodness such that the meanings and elegance that is found in the Persian language is not found in Arabic.

paragraph: An array of mystical poetry, laden with devotional sentiments and strong ‘Alid inclinations, has been attributed to Shams-i Tabrīzī across the Persian Islamic world. Scholars such as Gabrielle van den Berg have sometimes questioned whether these were really authored by Shams-i Tabrīzī. However later scholars have pointed out that it may instead be a question of whether the name Shams-i Tabriz has been used for more than one person. Van den Berg suggests that this identification is the pen name of Rumi. However she acknowledges that, despite the large number of poems attributed to Shams, that comprise the devotional repertoire of the Ismailis of Badakhshan, an overwhelming majority of these cannot be located in any of the existing works of Rumi. Rather, as Virani observes, some of these are located in the "Rose Garden of Shams" (Gulzār-i Shams), authored by Mulukshah, a descendant of the Ismaili Pir Shams, as well as in other works.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Persian poets and authors

paragraph: BULLET::::- Persian literature

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rumi's Kimia (film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Twelve Imams

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sufism

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alevism

paragraph: BULLET::::- Haji Bektash Veli

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rumi

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Browne, E.G. A Literary History of Persia. Cambridge: University Press, 1929.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tabrizi, Shams-i. Me & Rumi: The Autobiography of Shams-i Tabrīzīi, edited by William C. Chittick. Louisville: Fons Vitae, 2004.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maleki, Farida. Shams-e Tabrizi: Rumi's Perfect Teacher. New Delhi: Science of the Soul Research Centre, 2011.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rypka, Jan. History of Iranian Literature, edited by Karl Jahn. Dordrecht: Reidel, 1968.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Poems written by Hazrat Shams Tabrezi

alias:
Shams-e Tabrizi
Shams-i Tabrizi
Shams ad-Din Muhammad

description: 1185-1248, spiritual instructor of Mewlānā Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Balkhi.

enwikiquote_title: Shams Tabrizi

wikidata_label: Shams Tabrizi

wikipedia_title: Shams Tabrizi


text: Republic of Texas

text: Buffalo Bayou

text: Galveston Bay

text: Houston

text: Galveston, Texas

text: William Marsh Rice

text: Houston Navigation Company

text: United States Mail

text: Texas Marine Department

text: Brazos

text: Sabine

text: Trinity

text: tinclads

text: Houston Direct Navigation Company

text: lightering

categories: Steamboats,1815 births,1879 deaths,People from Pennsylvania

paragraph: John H. Sterrett

paragraph: John H. Sterrett (1815–18 June 1879) was a ship captain and investor.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: John H. Sterrett was born around 1815 in Pennsylvania. He was already operating steamboats as early as 1838 in Ohio and Pennsylvania. He redeployed his small steamer, "Rufus Putnam", to New Orleans later in 1838, and then to the Republic of Texas in January 1839. He offered packet service on Buffalo Bayou and Galveston Bay, which included the towns of Houston and Galveston, Texas.

paragraph: Sterrett also invested and managed transportation companies. In 1851, he invested in the Houston and Galveston Navigation Company, a company headed by William Marsh Rice. Sterrett also managed the company’s fleet.

paragraph: Buffalo Bayou and Galveston Bay were venues for many impromptu steamboat races. Sterrett participated in some of these, and one of these ended in catastrophe. On 22 March 1853, he was racing Captain Webb of "Farmer", a vessel which Sterrett himself had recently mastered. The boiler of "Farmer" exploded, killing about half of the ship's seventy-two persons on board. Local newspapers gave Sterrett mixed revues: they acknowledged his heroism in turning "Neptune" around to rescue some of Farmer's passengers and crew, but charged him with recklessness for participating in the deadly race. The incident may have had a sobering effect on Sterrett, who was later was known for the safety of his shipping operations.

paragraph: In 1854, Rice and other investors of the Houston and Galveston Navigation Company formed a new company. Sterrett would again serve as a managing partner in the Houston Navigation Company, which started with a strategy of competing for United States Mail contracts. Galveston was a transportation hub, controlling traffic for 150,000 pieces of mail from the eastern United States to Texas and California.

paragraph: Sterrett was the superintendent of the Houston Navigation Company's fleet, and he assumed a similar role for the Texas Marine Department during the Civil War. His responsibility included the Brazos, Sabine, and Trinity rivers, as well as the Galveston Bay system, where the Texas Marine Department operated as many as thirteen steamships. Months after the war, he acquired two Union tinclads, "Silver Cloud" and "St. Clair", and converted them for civilian service between Houston and Galveston. Houston Navigation Company did not survive the war, so he ran his own packet service in 1865 and 1866. In October 1866, William Marsh Rice, the City of Houston, and many investors from the previous firm organized the Houston Direct Navigation Company. They tapped Sterrett as the new company's fleet superintendent and appointed him as one of the officers. In addition, he coordinated lightering, or the transfer of freight from one ship to another without the benefit of a wharf. This enabled the company to obviate the high wharfage fees at the port of Galveston. He also purchased two tugboats for pulling barges laden with cotton as an efficient means of conveying freight.

paragraph: Sterrett retired from Houston Direct Navigation Company in 1875. He piloted steamers between Galveston and Houston 4,000 times throughout his career.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: In 1843, Sterrett married Susan Wilson. They had at least eight children.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Sterrett died on 18 June 1879 in Galveston.

paragraph: Section::::Ship list.

paragraph: Ships owned or mastered by Sterrett (in chronological order by year built):

description: investor

wikidata_label: John H. Sterrett

wikipedia_title: John H. Sterrett


text:
Sagae, Yamagata
shin-hanga
sōsaku-hanga

categories: 20th-century Japanese painters,Ukiyo-e artists,Japanese printmakers,Shin hanga artists,1981 deaths,1907 births

paragraph: Gihachiro Okuyama

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Gihachiro Okuyama was born in the city of Sagae, Yamagata, in the Tohoku region, on February 17, 1907. He began as a commercial artist, creating advertising art for many different companies and establishing his own advertising company in 1931. He created successful commercial art for the Japan Wool Company and Nikka Whiskey.

paragraph: Okuyama studied printmaking with Gajin Kosaka beginning in 1923, as well as with noted artist Kendo Ishii, and began exhibiting prints with the Nihon Sosaku Hanga Association in 1927. During World War 2, he was a member of the Nihon Hanga Hokokai, an organization created to ensure access to production materials for hanga artists during the war. After the end of the war, he created the Nihon Hanga Kenkyusho to develop an avenue for hanga artists to publish and market their works.

paragraph: Section::::Artistic style.

paragraph: Okuyama was an extremely prolific artist, creating over 1000 works in his lifetime. He moved freely between the shin-hanga and sōsaku-hanga styles. His shin-hanga works are consistent with other artists in this style, with evocative colors and smooth gradations giving the works depth and realism. His sosaku hanga works are intentionally rustic, either in black and white or a limited color palette. These works often feature modern technological intrusions, like metal truss bridges or electric transmission towers, a juxtaposition of westernization into Japanese rural scenes.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Helen Merritt and Nanako Yamada, "Guide to Modern Japanese Woodblock Prints: 1900-1975", published by University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, .

paragraph: BULLET::::- James King, "Beyond the Great Wave: The Japanese Landscape Print, 1727-1960", published by Peter Lang, Bern,

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://www.artelino.com/articles/okuyama_gihachiro.asp

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://www.roningallery.com/artists/okuyama-gihachiro

wikidata_label: Gihachiro Okuyama

wikipedia_title: Gihachiro Okuyama


text: Moorslede

text: Wevelgem

text: Belgian

text: road bicycle racer

text: 1927 Tour de France

categories: Belgian male cyclists,Sportspeople from West Flanders,1970 deaths,1905 births,People from Moorslede,Tour de France cyclists,Belgian Tour de France stage winners

paragraph: Maurice Geldhof

paragraph: Maurice Geldhof (22 October 1905 in Moorslede – 26 April 1970 in Wevelgem) was a Belgian professional road bicycle racer. In the 1927 Tour de France, he won the 19th stage.

paragraph: Section::::Major results.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1927

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Tour de France results for Maurice Geldhof

description: Road bicycle racer

wikidata_label: Maurice Geldhof

wikipedia_title: Maurice Geldhof


text:
French
manuscript illuminator
notname
Bible Historiale
Bibliothèque nationale de France
Paris
John, Duke of Berry
treatise
vernacular
book of hours
Uppsala University Library
notname
Bibliothèque nationale de France
British Library
Millard Meiss
Bible historiale
John, Duke of Berry
Master of the Coronation of the Virgin

categories: 14th-century births,15th-century deaths,14th-century French painters,Manuscript illuminators,Anonymous artists

paragraph: The First Master of the Bible Historiale of Jean de Berry was a French manuscript illuminator active between 1390 and 1400. Little is known about him; his notname comes from a manuscript of the "Bible Historiale", now held by the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris, in which he painted several miniatures. The manuscript was once owned by John, Duke of Berry, and with most books containing other work ascribed to the artist seems to have been produced in Paris. This would indicate that the artist lived and worked there, producing large secular works as well as religious treatises written in vernacular French.

paragraph: In a 2002 dissertation, Eva Lindqvist Sandgren used stylistic comparison to identify this artist with the Master of the Book of Hours of Johannette Ravenelle who illuminated a book of hours now in the Uppsala University Library (MS C 517e). This identification, sometimes under the notname Ravenelle Master or Ravenelle Painter, is now widely accepted (for example, by the Bibliothèque nationale de France and the British Library).

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: The body of work attributed to this master was first defined by Millard Meiss from his contribution to a manuscript of the Bible historiale intended for John, Duke of Berry, his most famous manuscript even though his participation is limited. This manuscript was made in collaboration with the Master of the Coronation of the Virgin who takes a much larger and more original part. Eva Lindqvist Sandgren's work expanded a proposed corpus to include many works made in Paris around the turn of the 15th century, both individual works and works made in partnership with other illuminators.

alias: First Master of Bible Historiale of Jean de Berry

alias: First Master of the Bible historiale of Jean de Berry

description: French manuscript illuminator


text: basketball

text: college basketball

text: guard

text: George Mason University

text: Patriots

text: Seton Hall University

text: Patriots'

text: Final Four

text: three-point shot

text: ESPN

text: BracketBusters

text: Wichita State

text: Final Four

text: North Carolina

text: Sweet Sixteen

text: UConn

text: Elite Eight

text: Jim Larranaga

text: CAA

text: Split

text: Adriatic League

text: 2006 NBA Draft

text: Orlando Magic

text: Orlando Summer League

text: Pistoia Basket

text: Italian Second Division

text: New Yorker Phantoms

text: German League

text: Ironi Ashkelon

text: Israeli League

text: Nigerian national basketball team

text: Dominican Republic

text: 2012 Summer Olympics

text: point guard

text: FIBA Olympic qualifiers

text: Kevin Willard

text: Seton Hall Pirates

text: Big East Conference

text: Eurobasket.com profile

text: French League profile

text: Adriatic League profile

text: Official George Mason College bio

text: College stats

categories: Blinn Buccaneers men's basketball players,Sportspeople from Lagos,American people of Nigerian descent,African-American basketball players,Basketball players from Maryland,Pistoia Basket 2000 players,American expatriate basketball people in Croatia,Basketball players at the 2006 NCAA Men's Division I Final Four,American expatriate basketball people in Germany,KK Split players,American expatriate basketball people in France,George Mason Patriots men's basketball players,Nigerian men's basketball players,Louisiana Tech Bulldogs basketball coaches,Basketball players at the 2012 Summer Olympics,Ironi Ashkelon players,People from Takoma Park, Maryland,American expatriate basketball people in Italy,American expatriate basketball people in Ukraine,Seton Hall Pirates men's basketball coaches,Living people,Shooting guards,1983 births,Olympic basketball players of Nigeria,Point guards,New Yorker Phantoms Braunschweig players

paragraph: Tony Skinn

paragraph: Tony Oludewa Skinn (born February 8, 1983) is a Nigerian American former professional basketball player, and a former college basketball player, who played starting guard for the George Mason University Patriots. Skinn is currently an assistant coach for the Seton Hall University men's basketball team. Born in Lagos, Nigeria, Skinn migrated with his family to the United States at the age of two. He has since lived in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: In his senior season, Skinn averaged 12.6 points, 3.5 rebounds, and 2.8 assists per game. . The season was marked by the Patriots' surprising run to the Final Four. He scored a season-high 23 points and hit the game-winning three-point shot with 10.8 seconds left, in GMU's ESPN BracketBusters game against Wichita State on February 18, 2006, ultimately landing the Patriots in the USA Today/ESPN Top 25 for the first time in school history. The Patriots posted a 23-7 record during the regular season, and while they did not win the Colonial Athletic Association (CAA) tournament title, they were awarded an at-large bid as an 11 seed.

paragraph: In GMU's run to the Final Four, Skinn scored eight points against defending champion North Carolina in the second round, 14 points in a rematch against Wichita State in the Sweet Sixteen, 10 points against top-seeded UConn in the Elite Eight, and 14 points against eventual back-to-back tournament winners Florida Gators.

paragraph: After GMU's Elite Eight victory, Skinn told reporters that Coach Jim Larranaga fired up his players by telling them that UConn's players did not even know what conference the Patriots came from. "That's a little bit of disrespect," Skinn recounted. "Coach told us the CAA stands for 'Connecticut Assassin Association'."

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: In 2006, Skinn signed a contract to play with the Croatian club Split, of the Adriatic League, after he wasn't drafted in the 2006 NBA Draft.

paragraph: In July 2007, Skinn was invited to play for the Orlando Magic at the Orlando Summer League. In July 2008, he signed with Gravelines Dunkerque Basket in the French Pro A league, recording team highs of 16.6ppg, 3.8apg and shooting 43% from 3pt range.

paragraph: He signed on August 5, 2009, with Pistoia Basket of the Italian Second Division. On October 1, 2010, Skinn signed with the New Yorker Phantoms of the German League. He then played with Ironi Ashkelon in the Israeli League.

paragraph: Section::::Nigerian national team.

paragraph: On July 8, 2012, the Nigerian national basketball team defeated the Dominican Republic, to earn the last spot in the 2012 Summer Olympics. As the starting point guard for the team, Skinn averaged 10.0 points per game in the FIBA Olympic qualifiers. In the game against the United States national team, Nigeria lost the game by 83 points, 156-73. It was the largest deficit by a losing team and a new Olympic record for most points scored in a game by the United States. While the Nigerian national team's performance was less than favorable, Skinn was the catalyst for arguably the most memorable highlight during the 2012 Olympic tournament against the United States' guard James Harden.

paragraph: Section::::Coaching career.

paragraph: After spending three seasons as an assistant coach for the Louisiana Tech Bulldogs men's basketball team, Skinn was hired by Kevin Willard to be an assistant coach for the Seton Hall Pirates in the Big East Conference.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eurobasket.com profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- French League profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- Adriatic League profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official George Mason College bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- College stats

description: Nigerian-American professional basketball player

wikidata_label: Tony Skinn

wikipedia_title: Tony Skinn