text: Giessen

text: Germany

text: Ornette Coleman

text: free jazz

text: improvisation

text: Knitting Factory

text: improvised music

text: University of Magdeburg

text: complexity theory

text: Hans Zender

text: Ludwig-Maximilian University

text: Richard Barrett

text: Marty Cook

text: Vinko Globokar

text: Barry Guy

text: Thomas Lehn

text: Michael Lentz

text: George Lewis

text: David Moss

text: Günter Müller

text: Olga Neuwirth

text: Phill Niblock

text: Evan Parker

text: Giancarlo Schiaffini

text: Ed Schuller

text: Gary Thomas

text: John Cage

text: Peter Maxwell Davies

text: Fred Frith

text: Gérard Grisey

text: Hans Werner Henze

text: Tom Johnson

text: Helmut Lachenmann

text: Anestis Logothetis

text: Gioacchino Rossini

text: Dieter Schnebel

text: James Tenney

text: Kurt Weill

text: Christian Wolff

text: Udo Zimmermann

text: Paul Daniel

text: Peter Eötvös

text: Lothar Zagrosek

text: Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra

text: Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra

text: Enja Records

text: Knitting Factory

text: Enja Records

text: William Parker

text: Winter Sun Crying

text: Go Guitars pages on Gunnar Geisse

text: Kunstbahnsteig pages on Gunnar Geisse

text: English short biography

text: official website

paragraph: Gunnar Geisse

paragraph: Gunnar Geisse (born 11 July 1964, Giessen, Germany) is a musician, improviser, composer, and interpreter. He moves along the cutting edge between experimental/improvised music and new music. He has developed a complex instrumental concept combining guitar and electronics/computer which he calls laptop guitar. He also plays several other string instruments including banjo, mandolin, and a variety of instruments from Central Asia, among them the Uzbek and the Persian dotâr. Gunnar Geisse has been living in Munich, Germany since 1985.

paragraph: Section::::Musical career.

paragraph: Gunnar Geisse began his career in his early youth as a rock guitarist. With the end of his schooling he gravitated in the direction of jazz. Attending an Ornette Coleman concert at the Moers Jazz Festival in Germany, he saw Coleman carried onto the stage in a coffin, jump out dressed in a glittering disco outfit and play in the free jazz style that he helped create. After this key experience, Geisse bought toy plastic saxophones for the members of his band and threw away his original plan to play jazz standards. It was during this time that improvisation and an experimental approach became the foundation of his understanding of music. His first professional engagement was with the "New York Broadway Ensemble" with which he toured throughout Europe for the next two years. For Geisse, to be a part of an orchestra was an essential learning experience.

paragraph: The avant-garde combo "Brother Virus" which along with Geisse included Werner Klausnitzer, Patrick Scales, and Maurice de Martin, achieved fame at the end of the 1980s. It would leave a major impression on Geisse. The band was invited to play at the Knitting Factory in New York, and was one of the first bands to play serious improvised music "live" on prime time German TV – Dagobert Lindlau's "Veranda". With "Brother Virus" Gunnar Geisse took the first steps on his own musical journey, a journey that was already apparent in his earlier development. In 1991 Enja Records released the "Brother Virus" album "Happy Hour".

paragraph: Geisse lost the two middle fingers on his right hand in a mountain climbing accident in 1992. With the severity of the injury and subsequent operations, it was unclear as to whether Geisse would be able to continue his playing career. It was during his hospital stays that he was able to contemplate the implications of 20th century new music compositional techniques, and in so doing discovered his deep interest in structure. He wrote his first composition during one of his hospital stays. For him to have a good aural understanding of the piece, he proceeded to overdub the tracks – some 200 in total. Out of his interest in structure, Geisse worked together with the Institute for Experimental Physics at the University of Magdeburg in the area of complexity theory, non-linear phenomena and simulation, and inserted structural models of nature into his music. The recording was released under the title "AtEM".

paragraph: While judging a music composition competition, Hans Zender - conductor of the SWR symphony orchestra und professor for composition at the College of Music and Arts in Frankfurt, Germany - took notice of Geisse's extraordinary music. Subsequently Gunnar Geisse received a stipend to compose at the prestigious Schloss Solitude Academy for one year. It was at Solitude that he composed "Das diskrete Jetzt" (The Discrete Now). He delved deeper into the phenomena of musical time. On a renewed search for natural structural references, he received important suggestions and impetus from the Institute for Medical Psychology at the Ludwig-Maximilian University (LMU) in Munich on the theme "time and its perception". The classic compositional parameters of tempo, meter, and rhythm are pushed into the background by this broadening of perspective through a psychological perception of time.

paragraph: After his work with structure and time Gunnar Geisse again delved into questions concerning the fundamental functions of harmony. Searching for answers within nature since 2003, he has occupied himself with the non-linear phenomena of combination-tones - these are tones that are formed in the cochlea of the inner ear as an extension of the original acoustic signal. The combination-tones are the missing building blocks which, when added to his use of partial-tone rows and partial-tone matrixes, complete Geisse's set of harmonic compositional tools. The results of this work can be heard on the CD "MEtA" (Creative Sources Recordings). In 2006 Geisse wrote an exposition which lends insight into his specific harmonic concept.

paragraph: Paradoxically, with these compositional tonal explorations, sound-based improvisation and its physical, expressive moments have taken on more and more importance; Geisse's improvisational models have changed under these influences. Since 2005 working with electronics and laptop computers have become an important means of expression for Geisse. In this context he has developed a unique hardware/software set-up (laptop guitar) that allows him to pursue his analogue playing (guitar) on a digital level, and even more importantly, to break away from the restrictions of "instrument" in order to work more directly with sound and its formulation.

paragraph: Gunnar Geisse has received various awards and stipends, including the Musical Achievement Award of the City of Munich, and the Schloss Solitude Academy's Composition Stipend.

paragraph: Section::::Musical Collaborations.

paragraph: Gunnar Geisse has played with musicians from the three major areas of his musical life: experimental/improvised music, new music, and contemporary jazz. They include:

paragraph: Richard Barrett, Marty Cook, Phil Durrant, Vinko Globokar, Barry Guy, Franz Hautzinger, Jason Kahn, Thomas Lehn, Michael Lentz, George Lewis, David Moss, Günter Müller, Olga Neuwirth, Phill Niblock, Evan Parker, Giancarlo Schiaffini, Ignaz Schick, Ed Schuller, Mike Svoboda, Gary Thomas, Wu Wei, Xu Fengxia.

paragraph: Gunnar Geisse has worked with or played works of Hans-Jürgen von Bose, John Cage, Peter Maxwell Davies, Fred Frith, Gérard Grisey, Hans Werner Henze, Tom Johnson, Helmut Lachenmann, Anestis Logothetis, Chico Mello, Josef Anton Riedl, Gioacchino Rossini, Dieter Schnebel, James Tenney, Kurt Weill, Jörg Widmann, Christian Wolff, and Udo Zimmermann.

paragraph: He has also played as soloist under the direction of Stefan Asbury, Paul Daniel, Peter Eötvös, Franck Ollu, and Lothar Zagrosek with the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra (BR), The Bavarian State Opera Orchestra, the Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra (SWR), the Stuttgart City Orchestra, and the Munich City Theatre Orchestra on Gärtnerplatz.

paragraph: Gunnar Geisse was/is a member of the following ensembles: Brother Virus, le petit chien, ICI ensemble, Go Guitars, Berlin Jazz Composers Ensemble, Fractal Gumbo, NIE Quartett

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 ICI ENSEMBLE & Olga Neuwirth, NEOS (to be released in the fall of 2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007 Gunnar Geisse "MEtA", CS creative sources records

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007 ICI ENSEMBLE & George Lewis, PAO

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 ICI ENSEMBLE "The Wisdom Of Pearls", PAO/BR

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005 GO GUITARS & SINGER PUR "Electric Seraphim", K&K Verlagsanstalt Edition Kloster Maulbronn

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003 Maurice de Martin BERLIN JAZZ COMPOSERS ENSEMBLE "Transylvaniana", CHAOS Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002 Marty Cook "Fractal Gumbo", TUTU records

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001 Adam Pieroñczyk "Digivooco" feat. Gary Thomas, PAO

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001 Michael Lentz & GO GUITARS "ENDE GUT. Sprechakte", edition selene/BR

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000 Gunnar Geisse "AtEM", NYX

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000 Drum For Your Life "Glückmann", Samara Tone

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999 le petit chien "woof.", Enja Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992 No Distance "different guitars", Outside Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1991 Brother Virus "Happy Hour" (Knitting Factory NYC), TUTU/Enja Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987/88 Gunnar Geisse "ballads", MGI records/Intercord (also available as LP)

paragraph: With William Parker

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Winter Sun Crying" (NEOS Jazz, 2009 [2011]) - with the ICI Ensemble

paragraph: Section::::Literature.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article "Süddeutsche Zeitung" 6 December 2007 "Außen Glanz innen Gräben"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article "Jazzzeit" N° 64, January/February, 2007, Sirus W. Pakzad, "Aus München?!"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article "Süddeutsche Zeitung", 5 May 2004, Tobias Söldener, "Fremde Welten"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article "Süddeutsche Zeitung - Münchner Kultur", 8 July 1999, Alex Rühle, "Eine Formel für musikalische Lust"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article "Süddeutsche Zeitung - Feuilleton", 18 May 1998, Markus Scherer, "Der Rhythmus des Seins"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article "Down Beat" 1993, Publisher: Kevin Maher, Review: "Brother Virus - Happy Hour", p. 48

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article "JazzTimes" 1993, Publisher: Glenn Sabin, Review "Brother Virus - Happy Hour", p. 55

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Go Guitars pages on Gunnar Geisse

paragraph: BULLET::::- „musica viva“ the Bavarian Radio references concerning Gunnar Geisse

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kunstbahnsteig pages on Gunnar Geisse

paragraph: BULLET::::- English short biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- „Unforeseen“ Symposium for Improvised Music

paragraph: BULLET::::- official website

description: German musician

wikidata_label: Gunnar Geisse

wikipedia_title: Gunnar Geisse


text:
Norbertine
canon regular
Park Abbey
Kumtich
Tienen
Sint-Truiden
Liège
Namur
Leuven
Catholic University of Leuven
Ambrose Loots
Prémontré Abbey
States of Brabant
First Estate
Council of Brabant
Pope Paul V
University of Douai
Celestine
Heverlee
Council of Trent
Foppens
C. Mallery
Philip IV of Spain
Brabant
Henrietta Maria
Estates General of 1632
Jacobus Boonen
Archbishop of Mechelen

categories: Member of the States of Brabant,Year of birth unknown,1635 deaths,People from Tienen,17th-century Christian clergy,Belgian abbots,University of Leuven alumni,Premonstratensians

paragraph: Jean Druys

paragraph: Jean Druys, Latinized Drusius (1568-1634) was a Belgian Norbertine canon regular and 30th Abbot of Park Abbey.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Druys was born at Kumtich, near Tienen, in 1568. He studied successively at Sint-Truiden, Liège, Namur, and Leuven, and entered the Norbertine Abbey of Park in 1587. Ordained priest, he was sent to the Norbertine College at the Catholic University of Leuven and obtained his licentiate in 1595.

paragraph: Recalled to the abbey, he was made sub-prior and professor of theology to the young religious at the abbey, chaplain to Abbot Ambrose Loots at the Refuge, which the abbey possessed at Brussels during the troubled times at the end of the sixteenth century, and at the death of Abbot Loots in 1601 his successor. Four years later he was appointed vicar-general to the Abbot-General of Prémontré Abbey. He sat in the States of Brabant on behalf of the First Estate from 1604.

paragraph: The University of Leuven having suffered much from the religious and political disturbances of the time, Druys was in 1607 appointed, together with Stephanus van Craesbeke, a lay member of the Council of Brabant, as visitor to the university, with full power to reform abuses. The reforms that they recommended were approved in Brussels on 18 April 1607 and confirmed by Pope Paul V on 22 October the same year. Druys was also made visitor to the University of Douai (1616) and to the Celestine monastery at Heverlee. In addition he restored and enlarged his own abbey, which had suffered much from the vandalism of the soldiers, and provided better educational advantages for his religious.

paragraph: At the general chapter held at Prémontré in 1628, Abbot Druys was commissioned to revise the statutes of the order and conform them to the prescriptions of the Council of Trent, a revision which was approved at the general chapter of 1630. Druys prefixed a preface, "Praefatio ad omnes candidissimi et canonici ordinis religiosos", which Foppens characterizes as "longam, piam, eruditam". He had a tree of the saints of the order made by the skilful engraver C. Mallery. He also published a small work entitled "Exhortatio ad candidi ordinis religiosos".

paragraph: Abbot Druys was deputed by the general chapter of 1630 to bring back several abbeys of Spain into union and observance, but was unsuccessful. While on this mission he conferred with Philip IV of Spain on the sad state of affairs in Brabant. A ring presented to him by this monarch is preserved at Park, as is also a letter from Henrietta Maria, Queen of England.

paragraph: Druys was the second lord spiritual in the delegation of the States of Brabant to the Estates General of 1632, the first being Jacobus Boonen, Archbishop of Mechelen.

paragraph: He died on 25 March 1634.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

description: Belgian abbot

wikidata_label: Jean Druys

wikipedia_title: Jean Druys


text:
patron saint
Pescara
bishop
Amiternum
Sabina
San Vittorino
Gregory the Great
Lombard
Rome
Orte
Aterno-Pescara
Pescara Cathedral
San Ceteo (Peregrinus) di Amiterno

categories: 597 deaths,Medieval Italian saints,6th-century Christian martyrs,6th-century executions,People executed by drowning,6th-century bishops,Bishops in Abruzzo,Executed Italian people

paragraph: Cetteus

paragraph: Saint Cetteus (or "Ceteus", also known as "Peregrinus, Pelligrinus, Pellegrino") (d. June 13, 597) () is the patron saint of Pescara. He was a bishop of the 6th century, elected to the see of Amiternum in Sabina (today the city of San Vittorino) in 590, during the pontificate of Gregory the Great.

paragraph: According to a largely legendary "Passio", during Cetteus’ episcopate, Amiternum was occupied by two Lombard captains, Alai and Umbolus. Cetteus, because he refused to support this occupation, fled to Rome. Pope Gregory convinced Cetteus to return, however, after receiving a promise from the Lombards that they would treat the city's inhabitants with humanity. However, a dispute broke out between Alai and Umbolus, and Alai sided with Count Verilianus of Orte, who occupied Amiternum at night. When the city’s inhabitants woke up to this occupation, they wanted to kill Alai, but Cetteus intervened, and Alai was simply imprisoned but not killed. Umbolus, meanwhile, believed that Cetteus was an ally of Alai, and ordered the bishop's immediate execution.

paragraph: He was executed by having a large stone tied around his neck, being thrown off a bridge and into the Aterno-Pescara. His body floated to Pescara, where it was discovered by fishermen. They buried the body, whose vestments they recognized as those of a bishop, but not knowing the bishop's name, they called him Peregrinus ("Peregrino"), meaning "traveler" or "pilgrim." The saint's name was eventually discovered, and the body was buried in the church in Pescara that was later dedicated to him, San Cetteo. This church is now Pescara Cathedral.

paragraph: Although largely legendary, the "Passio" is probably correct in placing Cetteus' death at the time of the Lombard invasion.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nicholas Everett, "Patron Saints of Early Medieval Italy AD c.350-800" (PIMS/ Durham University Press, 2016), pp.104-123.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nicholas Everett, 'The Passion of Cetheus of Pescara and the Lombard Invasion of Italy. With a diplomatic edition of "Passio Cethei" based on Venice, Biblioteca Marciana lat. Z 356”, "Hagiographica" 22 (2015), 79-132.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- San Ceteo (Peregrinus) di Amiterno

description: 6th-century bishop and Christian saint

wikidata_label: Cetteus

wikipedia_title: Cetteus


text:
Japanese
poet
Edo period
haiku
hokku
Japanese literature
Japan
Matsuo Bashō
morning glory
Shokouji temple
Hakusan
Matto
Kaga Province
Hakusan
Ishikawa Prefecture
scroll mounter
nature
haikai
Matsuo Bashō
Calligraphy
Kanazawa
East Asian age reckoning
Buddhist nun
Buddhist name
haikai
Maeda Shigemichi
daimyō
region
Korean Delegation
Jo Eom
Red House Painters
Japanese literature
List of Japanese authors
List of Japanese women writers

categories: 1775 deaths,Japanese women poets,18th-century women writers,1703 births,18th-century Japanese women,Japanese writers of the Edo period,18th-century Japanese poets,18th-century writers

paragraph: Fukuda Chiyo-ni

paragraph: Fukuda Chiyo-ni (Kaga no Chiyo) (福田 千代尼; 1703 - 2 October 1775) was a Japanese poet of the Edo period, widely regarded as one of the greatest poets of haiku (then called hokku). Some of Chiyo's best works include The Morning Glory, Putting up my hair, and Again the women.

paragraph: Being one of the few women haiku poets in pre-modern Japanese literature, Chiyo-ni has been seen an influential figure. Before her time, haiku by women were often dismissed and ignored. She began writing Haiku at seven and by age seventeen she had become very popular all over Japan and she continued writing throughout her life. Influenced by the renowned poet Matsuo Bashō but emerging and as independent figure with a unique voice in her own right, Chiyo-ni dedication toward her career not only paved a way for her career but it also opened a path for other women to follow. Chiyo-ni is known as a "forerunner, who played the role of encouraging international cultural exchange".

paragraph: She is perhaps best known for this haiku:

paragraph: Today, the morning glory is a favorite flower for the people of her home town, because she left a number of poems on that flower. Shokouji temple in Hakusan contains a display of her personal effects.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Chiyo-ni was born in Matto, Kaga Province (now Hakusan, Ishikawa Prefecture), in February 1703, the eldest daughter of a scroll mounter. At an early age, Chiyo-ni was introduced to art and poetry, and she began writing haiku poetry at the age of seven. By the age of seventeen, she had become very popular all over Japan for her poetry.

paragraph: Her poems, although mostly dealing with nature, work for a unity of nature with humanity. Her own life was that of the haikai poets who made their lives and the world they lived in one with themselves, living a simple and humble life. She was able to make connections by being observant and carefully studying the unique things around her ordinary world and writing them down.

paragraph: At age twelve, Chiyo-ni's studied under two haiku poets who had themselves apprenticed with the great poet Matsuo Bashō, and many in her time saw her as one of Bashō's true heirs, both in her poetry and in her humble attitude of warm awareness toward the world and her simple living. She studied Basho's style of writing poems in her early years, although she did develop on her own as an independent figure with her own unique voice.

paragraph: She was well aware of being considered Bashō's heir and on a portrait of Bashō she wrote in Calligraphy:

paragraph: She appears to say that while she did listen to him, she also did not copy him, "not to listen, fine too."

paragraph: In around 1720 she married a servant of the Fukuoka family of Kanazawa, and had one child with him, a son, who died in infancy. Her husband died of disease not long after in 1722. She valued her independence too much, and despite her loneliness, she did not remarry, so she returned home to her parents.

paragraph: It may be that after her husband's death Chiyo-ni lived with and cared for her elderly parents and worked in the families scroll mounting business. She wrote:

paragraph: After her parents died, she adopted a married couple to carry on the family business and in 1754, at the age of fifty-two (by East Asian age reckoning), Chiyo-ni chose to become a Buddhist nun. "Not", she said, "in order to renounce the world, but as a way 'to teach her heart to be like the clear water which flows night and day." Chiyo-ni shaved her head and started to live in a temple with other nuns and took the Buddhist name Soen. She continued her writing and lived the rest of her simple yet peaceful life in the manner of haikai.

paragraph: In 1764, she was chosen to prepare the official gift for Maeda Shigemichi, the daimyō of her region, to the Korean Delegation led by civil minister Jo Eom. Chiyo-ni crafted and delivered 21 artworks based on her twenty-one haiku.

paragraph: Chiyo-ni died in 1775.

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The American rock band Red House Painters adapted one of Chiyo's haiku for the chorus of their song "Dragonflies".

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Japanese literature

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Japanese authors

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Japanese women writers

alias:
Soen
Fukumasuya Chiyo

description: Japanese writer

enwikiquote_title: Fukuda Chiyo-ni

wikidata_label: Fukuda Chiyo-ni

wikipedia_title: Fukuda Chiyo-ni


text: American

text: landscape architect

text: landscape architecture

text: London

text: New York

text: Shanghai

text: Grand Canal Square

text: Will Alsop

text: The Daily Telegraph

text: Martha Schwartz Partners website

text: Channel 4

text: BBC: Urban planning needs a green rethink

text: Building Design debate

text: BBC: Preserving natural resources

text: Wallpaper.com: Alsop and Schwartz debate video

text: Telegraph.co.uk: A private passion and a public disgrace

categories: American garden writers,American landscape and garden designers,American landscape architects,1950 births,Women landscape architects,21st-century American architects,20th-century women artists,Living people,20th-century American architects,University of Michigan alumni,Harvard Graduate School of Design alumni

paragraph: Martha Schwartz

paragraph: Martha Schwartz, (born 1950), is an American landscape architect, artist, educator, author, and lecturer. She is the founding partner of Martha Schwartz Partners, a landscape architecture firm based in London, New York, and Shanghai. The firm's global body of work can be found across five continents, with projects ranging from art installations, public parks, corporate landscapes, urban master plans, waterfronts, private gardens, and art installations.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.:Early years and education.

paragraph: A native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Schwartz received her Bachelor of Fine Art degree, studying plastic arts from the School of Fine Arts at the University of Michigan in 1973. After two years of graduate studies at the University of Michigan, Schwartz transferred to the Harvard Graduate School of Design. During a summer internship at the SWA Group, Schwartz was able to advance her interest in land art to express the conceptual potential of the landscape. In the formative years of her practice, Schwartz challenged conventional landscape aesthetics by drawing on diverse creative influences such as Pop Art, Minimalism, Land Art and sculptors such as Isamu Noguchi. Her career was launched in 1979 by her first project, The Bagel Garden, a “Dada-esque installation that questioned the absence of art within the profession.” (citation required.)

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.:Design approach and inspiration.

paragraph: The design approach taken by Martha Schwartz and her firm integrates art and climate change adaptations through the integration of landscape-based technologies and ecology to address climate change in the urban environment. The firm's work has been characterized by striking and highly colorful projects such as the Grand Canal Square in Dublin, Ireland, urban landscape projects like Exchange Square in Manchester, England and more conceptual installations such as the City and Nature installation in Xi'an, China. Less well-known are the firm’s naturalistic projects such as Winslow Farms Conservancy in Hammonton, New Jersey and Yorkville Park in Toronto, Canada, and Geraldton Tailings Landscape in Canada as well as MSP's more transformative community-based projects such as the Monte-Laa-Park, which spanned an eight-lane highway to create a new neighborhood park for residents of an ethnically diverse area in Vienna, Austria.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.:Teaching career and advocacy.

paragraph: In 1990, Schwartz started her own company, which would allow her with the help of young professionals in the field of landscape architecture, to flip the traditional ideas of the field on their heads, and would further investigate the connections between the arts, culture, and landscape. Since 2007, Schwartz has been a tenured Professor in Practice of Landscape Architecture and founding member of the Working Group for Sustainable Cities at the Harvard Graduate School of Design. She was also a resident of the American Academy of Rome (1993).

paragraph: A founding member of the Climate Change Action Group at the Landscape Architecture Foundation (LAF), Schwartz is also a member of the Blue Ribbon Committee on Climate Change at the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA).

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.:Martha Schwartz Partners (MSP).

paragraph: Founded in 1980, Martha Schwartz Partners is headquartered in London, UK, with offices in New York City, US and Shanghai, China.

paragraph: Section::::Completed projects (selection).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beiqijia Technology Business District (2016), Beijing, China

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fanqe Road (2014), Beijing, China

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fengming Mountain Park (2013), Chongqing, China

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sowwah Square (2012), Abu Dhabi, UAE

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grand Canal Square (2007), Dublin, Ireland

paragraph: BULLET::::- Monte Laa Central Park (2007), Vienna, Austria

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mesa Arts Center (2005),[12] Mesa, Arizona, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gifu Kitagata Gardens (2000) Kitagata, Japan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Department of Housing and Urban Development Plaza (HUD) (1998),[14] Washington, District of Columbia, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jacob Javits Convention Center Plaza (1997),[13] New York, New York, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rio Shopping Center (1988-2000), Atlanta

paragraph: Section::::Art installations (selection).

paragraph: BULLET::::- City and Nature Master Garden (2011), Xi’an, China

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aluminati (2008), Reykjavik, Iceland

paragraph: BULLET::::- Barclays Bank Headquarters (2004), London, UK

paragraph: BULLET::::- Broward County Civic Arena (1998), Fort Lauderdale, Florida, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- Miami International Airport Sound Wall (1996), Miami, Florida, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- King County Jailhouse Plaza (1987), Seattle, Washington, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- Whitehead Institute “Splice Garden” (1986), Cambridge, Massachusetts, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bagel Garden (1979), Boston, Massachusetts, US

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015 - "Showcase for Public London", The Building Centre, London, UK

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015 - "Rethinking the Urban Landscape", The Building Centre, London, UK

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014 - "Landscape-City-Public Space / Guerilla-Industrial-Festival", Jaroslav Fragner Gallery, Prague, Czech Republic

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2012 - "Architecture China – The 100 Contemporary Projects", Reiss-Engelhorn-Museen Museum Zeughaus C5 Mannheim, Germany

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011 - "Master Designer’s Garden", International Horticultural Exhibition, Xi’An, China

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007 - "Public City Exhibition 2007", New London Architecture, London, UK

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 - "The Good Life: New Public Spaces for Recreation", Van Allen Institute, New York City, New York, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005 - "Groundswell: Constructing the Contemporary Landscape", Museum of Modern Art, New York City, New York, US,

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004 - "Post-Modernism Revisited", German Architecture Museum, Frankfurt, Germany

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004 - "Paradise Transformed", Victoria and Albert Museum, London, UK

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003 - "Asfalto: The Character of the City", Triennale di Milano, Milan, Italy

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001 - "Together/Insieme", Museo Nazionale di Architecttura, Ferrara, Italy

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001 - "Public Design 2001 Expo", Berlin, Germany

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000 - "Women Designers in the USA, 1900-2000: Diversity and Difference", Bard Graduate Center, New York City, New York, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000 - "100 Years of Landscape Architecture at Harvard", Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Cambridge, Massachusetts, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999 - "Representing Landscape Architecture: Selections from the Frances Loeb Library and Other Collections", Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Cambridge, Massachusetts, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999 - "Landscape & Meaning: As Far as the Eye Can See", Atlanta College of Art, Atlanta, Georgia, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998 - "Face to Face: Art and the Public", Marlborough Gallery, New York City, New York, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997 - "Democratic Design: A New Era of Federal Architecture", Chicago Anthenaeum, Chicago, Illinois, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997 - "Citizen Sisters", Sagacho Exhibit Space, Tokyo, Japan

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995 - "Austin’s Art in Public Places", Austin Municipal Building, Austin, Texas, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995 - "Off the Shelf", Harvard University, Graduate School of Design, Cambridge, Massachusetts, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995 - "Der Garten. Gärten in der Kunst-Gärten in der Schweiz seit 1870", Cultural Center, Pfäffikon, Switzerland

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1991 - "Green", Max Protetch Gallery, New York City, New York, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1991 - "Projects in Architecture", Henry Art Gallery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988 - "The New Urban Landscape", Olympia & York, New York City, New York, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987 - "Mary Miss / Martha Schwartz", Vanguard Gallery, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987 - "Beyond Ornamentation", The Institute of Business Design, Cambridge, Massachusetts, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987 - "The Outdoor Chair", Topher Delaney, Sausalito, California, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1986 - "Transforming the American Garden: Twelve New Landscape Designs", Urban Design Center, New York City, New York, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1986 - Harvard University Graduate School of Design, Cambridge, Massachusetts, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1986 - "Six Views", Main Art Gallery, California State University, Fullerton, California, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1984 - "Artists as Designers", The New Gallery of Contemporary Art, Cleveland, Ohio, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1982 – "Artist’s Gardens and Parks," Hayden Gallery, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1982 – Chicago Institute of Contemporary Art, Chicago, Illinois, US

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1982 – Ohio Foundation of Arts, Cleveland, Ohio

paragraph: Section::::In the news.

paragraph: In 2008 Schwartz took on old friend Will Alsop in a promotional video challenging his negative views of the profession of Landscape Architecture.

paragraph: Schwartz has featured in "The Daily Telegraph" following her views on the way in which Britain’s obsession with gardens is holding back the country’s public spaces. Schwartz argued that unless Britain separates its gardens from its public spaces, the country will fall behind other European cities.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tim Richardson, The Vanguard Landscapes and Gardens of Martha Schwartz (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jatsch, Markus. Martha Schwartz Partners – Landscape Art and Urbanism. Tianjin: Phoenix Publishing & Media Group, 2016. Hardcover, 352 pages

paragraph: BULLET::::- Waugh, Emily. Recycling Spaces: Curating Urban Evolution. The Work of Martha Schwartz Partners. Berkeley: Oro Editions, 2011. Hardcover, 300 pages.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richardson, Tim. The Vanguard Landscapes and Gardens of Martha Schwartz. New York: Thames & Hudson, 2006. Hardcover, 224 pages. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Meyer, Elizabeth. Martha Schwartz: Transfiguration of the Commonplace. Berkeley: Spacemaker Press, 2004. Softcover, 160 pages. .

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Martha Schwartz Partners website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Channel 4

paragraph: BULLET::::- BBC: Urban planning needs a green rethink

paragraph: BULLET::::- Building Design debate

paragraph: BULLET::::- BBC: Preserving natural resources

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wallpaper.com: Alsop and Schwartz debate video

paragraph: BULLET::::- Telegraph.co.uk: A private passion and a public disgrace

description: American landscape architect

wikidata_label: Martha Schwartz

wikipedia_title: Martha Schwartz


text: basketball

text: National Basketball Association

text: power forward

text: center

text: NBA Development League

text: NBA

text: Grand Canyon Antelopes men's basketball

text: sophomore

text: Dean Smith

text: Los Angeles Lakers

text: Undrafted

text: Chicago Bulls

text: championship rings

text: NBA

text: the finals

text: Los Angeles

text: free throw

text: rebounds

text: assists

text: overtime

text: Philadelphia 76ers

text: Milwaukee Bucks

text: Milwaukee

text: 1999–2000 season

text: Denver Nuggets

text: Phoenix Suns

text: Dallas Mavericks

text: Cleveland Cavaliers

text: color commentator

text: FSN Ohio

text: Michael Reghi

text: Milwaukee Journal Sentinel

text: Milwaukee Bucks

text: email

text: Tony Kornheiser

text: Phoenix Suns

text: Tom Leander

text: Gary Bender

text: Grand Canyon Antelopes men's basketball

text: Cox7 Arizona

text: Barry Buetel

text: NBA.com profile

text: Stats at Basketball-Reference

text: Official Website

categories: African-American basketball coaches,Parade High School All-Americans (boys' basketball),African-American basketball players,Sportspeople from Los Angeles County, California,Milwaukee Bucks players,North Carolina Tar Heels men's basketball players,Basketball players from California,Phoenix Suns players,Phoenix Suns broadcasters,Dallas Mavericks players,Denver Nuggets players,Power forwards (basketball),Centers (basketball),1968 births,Living people,People from Hacienda Heights, California,American men's basketball players,McDonald's High School All-Americans,Cleveland Cavaliers players,Chicago Bulls players,Philadelphia 76ers players,Milwaukee Bucks assistant coaches

paragraph: Scott Williams (basketball)

paragraph: Scott Christopher Williams (born March 21, 1968) is a retired American professional basketball player in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Standing at 6' 10", he was capable of playing as a power forward or a center. Williams contributed off the bench during the Chicago Bulls' first three-peat championships (1991–93) early in his professional career. He developed into a front court reserve journeyman during his ten-plus seasons in the NBA, where he was known for his hustle and strong defense. Since his retirement, Williams has coached in the NBA Development League and NBA as well as commentating for a variety of NBA teams. Williams is currently the color analyst for the Grand Canyon Antelopes men's basketball team. Scott has a daughter, Ava Williams, and a son, Ben Williams.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and college career.

paragraph: Williams attended and played basketball for Glen A. Wilson High School in Hacienda Heights, California. He led the 1986 squad to the 1986 C.I.F State Championship Title. Williams was named a McDonald's All-American in 1986 before enrolling into the University of North Carolina.

paragraph: Williams' parents died on October 15, 1987, when his father shot and killed his mother in their garage, then turned the gun on himself. He was 19 years old, and was in his sophomore year at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; coach Dean Smith notified him of the tragedy.

paragraph: Growing up, Williams was a passionate Los Angeles Lakers fan.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Undrafted in 1990 after four years in college, Williams signed with the Chicago Bulls in 1990, playing four seasons with the team, mostly as a reserve, and winning three championship rings in his first three NBA seasons. On 7 June 1991, in game 3 of the finals against the Lakers, in Los Angeles, he scored four points (all from the free throw line), grabbed two rebounds and handed out two assists in only 11 minutes of play, in an eventual 104–96 overtime win.

paragraph: In 1994, Williams signed with the Philadelphia 76ers, where he played for 4½ injury-plagued seasons before being traded to the Milwaukee Bucks in 1999. His career saw a brief resurgence in Milwaukee, where he averaged career-highs of 7.6 points and 6.6 rebounds during the 1999–2000 season. Until his retirement in 2005, at the age of 37, he also appeared for the Denver Nuggets, the Phoenix Suns (one ½ seasons), the Dallas Mavericks (27 games) and the Cleveland Cavaliers.

paragraph: Section::::Post-retirement.

paragraph: Subsequently, Williams accepted the Cavaliers' offer to become a color commentator for the team's telecasts on FSN Ohio, beginning in 2005–06, and working alongside Michael Reghi. After two seasons, on 20 October 2007, the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel reported he would join the Milwaukee Bucks' commentary team. Besides doing pre and post-game analysis for home games, he also called some games while a popular emailer on the Tony Kornheiser radio show.

paragraph: In 2008, Williams became a color commentator for another former team, the Phoenix Suns, broadcasting with Tom Leander and Gary Bender.

paragraph: During the 2012–13 season, Williams was an assistant coach for the Idaho Stampede in the NBA Development League.

paragraph: Prior to the 2013–14 season, Williams was hired as an assistant coach for the Milwaukee Bucks under Larry Drew.

paragraph: During the 2014-15 season, Williams served as the analyst for Grand Canyon Antelopes men's basketball games on Cox7 Arizona, alongside play-by-play announcer Barry Buetel.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- NBA.com profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stats at Basketball-Reference

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Website

description: American basketball player

wikidata_label: Scott Williams

wikipedia_title: Scott Williams (basketball)


text:
Buddhist
Donglin Temple
Mount Lushan
Jiangxi
Shanxi
Jiangxi
Eastern Jin Dynasty
Pure Land School of Buddhism
Zhuangzi
Laozi
Confucius
Dao An
Kucha
Donglin Temple
Mount Lushan
vinaya
abhidharma
Prajna
Kumarajiva
Mahayana
Pure Land Buddhism
Amitabha
karma
Buddhism in China
Chinese philosophy
Teiser, Stephen F.

categories: 334 births,416 deaths,5th-century philosophers,Philosophers from Shanxi,Jin dynasty (265–420) philosophers,Jin dynasty (265–420) Buddhists,Jin dynasty (265–420) writers,People from Xinzhou,Converts to Buddhism

paragraph: Huiyuan (Buddhist)

paragraph: Huiyuan (; 334–416 AD) was a Chinese Buddhist teacher who founded Donglin Temple on Mount Lushan in Jiangxi province and wrote the text "On Why Monks Do Not Bow Down Before Kings" in 404 AD. He was born in Shanxi province but after a long life of Buddhist teaching he wound up in Jiangxi province, where he died in 416. Although he was born in the north, he moved south to live within the bounds of the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

paragraph: Huiyuan was posthumously named First Patriarch of the Pure Land School of Buddhism. His disciples included Huiguan (慧觀), Sengji (僧濟), and Faan (法安).

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Huiyuan began studying the "Zhuangzi" and "Laozi" at a young age, as well as the teachings of Confucius. However, at the age of 21 he was converted in Hebei Province by the Buddhist Dao An, who was a Chinese disciple of a Kuchan missionary. Hearing the sermons of Dao An convinced Huiyuan to "leave the family" and embark on a life of Buddhist teachings. Later, he became a patriarch of Donglin Temple (East Forest Temple) at Mount Lushan. His teachings were various, including the vinaya (戒律), meditation (禪法), abhidharma and Prajna or wisdom. Although Huiyuan did not take the initiative in establishing the relations with the secular world, he had contacts with court and gentry families. Huiyuan was on two occasions invited by the dictator Huan Xuan to take part in the discussions about the status of the clergy and Huiyuan defended the independence of the clergy. Members of the cultured classes came to live on Mount Lu as Huiyuan's lay disciples to take part in the religious life. Besides his teaching and interaction with lay followers of the Buddhist faith, he also upheld a learned correspondence with the monk Kumarajiva.

paragraph: In the year 402 he organized a group of monks and lay people into a Mahayana sect known as Pure Land Buddhism, the Pure Land being the western paradise of the Buddha Amitabha.

paragraph: In the year 404, Huiyuan wrote a treatise "On Why Monks Do Not Bow Down Before Kings" (沙門不敬王者論). This book symbolized his efforts to assert the political independence of Buddhist clergy from the courts of monarchic rulers. At the same time, it was a religious and political text that aimed to convince monarchs and Confucian-minded ministers of state that followers of Buddhism were ultimately not subversive. He argued that Buddhists could make good subjects in a kingdom due to their beliefs in retribution of karma and the desire to be reborn in paradise. Despite the Buddhists' reputation of leaving their family behind for a monastic life, Huiyuan stated "those who rejoice in the Way of the Buddha invariably first serve their parents and obey their lords."

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Buddhism in China

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chinese philosophy

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bary, Theodor de (1999). Huiyuan: A monk does not bow down before a king. In: Sources of Chinese tradition, vol. I, New York: Columbia University Press, pp 426-428

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ebrey, Patricia Buckley (1999). The Cambridge Illustrated History of China. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tanaka, Kenneth Kenichi (1990). The dawn of Chinese pure land Buddhist doctrine : Ching-ying Hui-yuan's Commentary on the Visualization sutra, Albany : State University of New York Press

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zürcher, E. and Teiser, Stephen F. (2007). Buddhist Conquest of China : The Spread and Adaptation of Buddhism in Early Medieval China (3rd Edition). Boston, MA: Brill Academic Publishers, pp. 204–53.

description: Chinese Buddhist teacher

wikidata_label: Huiyuan

wikipedia_title: Huiyuan (Buddhist)


text:
Princess of Achaia
Queen of Thessalonica
Centurione I Zaccaria
Veligosti–Damala
Chalandritsa
Pedro de San Superano
Centurione II Zaccaria

categories: 14th-century births,14th-century women,Zaccaria family,Princes of Achaea,15th-century deaths,Barons of Vostitsa

paragraph: Maria II Zaccaria

paragraph: Maria II Zaccaria (14th-century - after 1404), was a sovereign Princess of Achaia, and titular Queen of Thessalonica.

paragraph: She was daughter of Centurione I Zaccaria, Lord of Veligosti–Damala and Chalandritsa. She succeeded her spouse Pedro de San Superano in 1402 as regent for their son. In 1404, she ceded the regency to her nephew, Centurione II Zaccaria.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.guide2womenleaders.com/womeninpower/Womeninpower1400.htm

description: Queen of Thessalonika

wikidata_label: Maria II Zaccaria

wikipedia_title: Maria II Zaccaria


text:
Langdon
Wembury
Member of Parliament
Okehampton
Convention Parliament
East Allington
Holsworthy
Theobalds Grove
Civil War
Ford Abbey
Wembury, Devon
Member of Parliament
Okehampton
Convention Parliament
Sir Richard Buller
Portledge
Alwington
Sir John Narborough, 1st Baronet
Royal Navy
Rear-Admiral
John Narborough
Sir Cloudesley Shovell
HMS "Association"
Scilly naval disaster of 1707
Pevsner
Bridestowe
Bridestowe
Sheriff of Devon

categories: 1683 deaths,People from Okehampton,English MPs 1660,1619 births

paragraph: Josias Calmady

paragraph: Josias II Calmady (10 October 1619 – March 1683) of Langdon, in the parish of Wembury, Devon, was Member of Parliament for Okehampton in the Convention Parliament of 1660.

paragraph: Section::::Origins.

paragraph: Josias II Calmady was the third son and eventual heir of Sir Shilston I Calmady (1585–1645) by his wife Honora Fortescue, daughter of Edmund Fortescue of Fallapit, East Allington, Devon, and widow of Sir Humphrey Prideaux of Soldon, Holsworthy. Sir Shilston I Calmady of Langdon was knighted in 1618 at Theobalds Grove and was killed during the Civil War at the siege of Ford Abbey, Devon, on 13 February 1645, and was buried in nearby Wembury, Devon parish church, where survives his monument.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In 1660, Calmady was elected Member of Parliament for Okehampton in the Convention Parliament.

paragraph: Section::::Marriages & progeny.

paragraph: Calmady married twice:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Firstly to Thomasine Buller, daughter of Sir Richard Buller, by whom he had two daughters, Thomasine and Honor.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Secondly he married Elizabeth Coffin, daughter of John Coffin (1593–1622) of Portledge, Alwington, Devon, by whom he had the following progeny, two sons, who both died as children, and a daughter:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Josias II Calmady (1656–1668)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shilston Calmady (1659–1668)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elizabeth Calmady (1657–1678), who died aged 21 having married John Narborough, later in 1688 created Sir John Narborough, 1st Baronet (d. 1707), of the Royal Navy, son of Rear-Admiral Sir John Narborough (c. 1640 – 1688). Her widower Sir John drowned in action with his brother James Narborough and their step-father Admiral Sir Cloudesley Shovell aboard HMS "Association" during the Scilly naval disaster of 1707. Her monument, described by Pevsner as "uniquely ambitious for Devon in its intention" survives in Wembury Church.

paragraph: Section::::Death & legacies.

paragraph: He died at the age of 63. He was concerned with relieving the poor and left several charitable legacies in his will.

paragraph: Section::::Succession.

paragraph: He was succeeded by his nephew, Josias III Calmady (d. 1714), of Leawood, Bridestowe, Devon (son of Shilston Calmady (1621–1688) of Leawood, Bridestowe and brother of John Calmady, MP for Okehampton in 1660), who in 1680 also became MP for Okehampton and was Sheriff of Devon in 1688.

alias:
Josias II Calmady
Josias I Calmady

description: English Member of Parliament

wikidata_label: Josias Calmady

wikipedia_title: Josias Calmady


text: American

text: geographer

text: geologist

text: Paris, Illinois

text: Normal school

text: Chicago State University

text: Chicago

text: women's suffrage in the United States

text: Puerto Rico

text: Timeline of women in science

categories: American geographers,20th-century American scientists,20th-century geologists,University of Chicago alumni,1955 deaths,19th-century women scientists,1862 births,American geologists,American women geologists,19th-century geologists

paragraph: Zonia Baber

paragraph: Zonia Baber (1862–1956), born Mary Arizona Baber in Clark County, Illinois, was an American geographer and geologist best known for developing methods for teaching geography. Her teachings emphasized experiential learning through field work and experimentation.

paragraph: Section::::Education and teaching career.

paragraph: As Baber’s hometown did not offer education beyond elementary school, she moved 130 miles to Paris, Illinois to attend high school where she lived with her uncle. After high school, she attended "Normal school" to train as a teacher.

paragraph: Baber started her career as a private school principal from 1886-1888. She then took a job teaching at Cook County Normal School (now Chicago State University), where she served as the head of the Geography Department from 1890-1899. She taught the interdependence of structural geography, history and the natural sciences. These courses focused on primarily geography, continental study, meteorology, and mathematical geography. While teaching, Baber also took classes in geology, including the first class that accepted women. She earned her Bachelor of Science in 1904.

paragraph: From 1901-1921 Baber worked as an associate professor and head of geography and geology in the Department of Education at the University of Chicago. At the same time she was the principal of the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools.

paragraph: When it came to teaching, Baber preferred to focus on field work – enabling her students to act and discover rather than memorize facts. Baber's teaching methods are still used today. ""The student discovers too late that ordinary unrelated knowledge is not power; that only scientific knowledge — unified, related experiences — are valuable.""Baber promoted field trips and first-hand experience rather than the memorization of facts and definitions, but she also worked to improve conventional learning aids. During her time as chairwoman of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF), she created a committee to scrutinize textbooks in order to replace antiquated or inappropriate phrases and concepts with ones intended to stop the perpetuation of negative prejudices.

paragraph: In 1920, Baber published "A Proposal for Renaming the Solar Circles in the Journal of Geography". The north and south solar tropics, traditionally referred to as the Tropic of Capricorn and the Tropic of Cancer, Baber proposed the name be changed to The Northern Tropic and The Southern Tropic. Today both terms are accepted in the world of geography, though no official change was made.

paragraph: Section::::Geographic Society and advocacy work.

paragraph: In 1898 Baber co-founded the Geographic Society of Chicago. She served as the President and was involved with the Society for 50 years. In 1948 she received a lifetime achievement award.

paragraph: Zonia Baber was passionate about social issues throughout her life. As a feminist and anti-imperialist, she joined as well as initiated many efforts to fight against sexism, racism, and intolerance. She was an advocate of women's suffrage in the United States, and in 1926 she represented the women of Puerto Rico in the extension of suffrage to the region.

paragraph: As previously mentioned, Baber served as chairwoman of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, as well as a member of the executive committee of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People's (NAACP) Chicago branch, and as chair of the Race Relations Committee of the Chicago Women's Club Baber also traveled extensively—both for her professional career and for her advocacy work—to attend international conferences and events. One such occasion was when she traveled with a WILPF delegation to Haiti in 1926.

paragraph: Section::::Design.

paragraph: In 1896, Zonia Baber designed a new school desk with features specifically for the teaching of geography and other sciences. Unlike a regular school desk, Zonia's featured trays and compartments meant to store learning supplies. Having these trays and compartments meant that students using her desk would always have their learning supplies at hand.

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.

paragraph: (with Wallace W. Atwood) 'Geography,' "The Elementary School Teacher and Course of Study" 1, p. 42 (1900).

paragraph: (with Wallace W. Atwood) 'Geography,' "The Elementary School Teacher and Course of Study" 1, p. 130 (1900).

paragraph: (with Wallace W. Atwood) 'Geography,' "The Elementary School Teacher and Course of Study" 1, p. 183 (1900).

paragraph: (with Wallace W. Atwood) 'Geography,' "The Elementary School Teacher and Course of Study" 1, p. 284 (1900).

paragraph: 'Geography,' "The Elementary School Teacher and Course of Study" 1, p. 788 (1901).

paragraph: 'Geography,' "The Elementary School Teacher and Course of Study" 2, p. 48 (1901).

paragraph: 'Geography,' "The Elementary School Teacher and Course of Study" 2, p. 108 (1901).

paragraph: 'Geography,' "The Elementary School Teacher and Course of Study" 2, p. 194 (1901).

paragraph: 'Geography,' "The Elementary School Teacher and Course of Study" 2, p. 346 (1902).

paragraph: 'Field work in the elementary school,' "The Journal of Geography" 4, p. 18 (1905).

paragraph: 'The scope of geography,' "The Journal of Geography" 4, p. 386 (1905).

paragraph: 'A lesson in Geography—From Chicago to the Atlantic,' "The Elementary School Teacher" 7, p. 458 (1907).

paragraph: 'The teaching of the geography of the continent of Eurasia,' "The Elementary School Teacher" 7, p. 519 (1907).

paragraph: 'Conservation of important geographical areas for educational purposes,' "The Journal of Geography" 11, p. 287 (1913).

paragraph: 'Lost opportunities in teaching geography,' "The Journal of Geography" 14, p. 296 (1916).

paragraph: 'The oceans: our future pastures,' "The Scientific Monthly" 3, p. 258 (1916).

paragraph: 'A proposal for renaming the solar circles,' "The Journal of Geography" 19, p. 245 (1920).

paragraph: (with E.G. Balch) 'Problems of education,' in "Occupied Haiti", ed. E.G. Balch, NY: The Writer's Publishing Company, p. 93 (1927).

paragraph: 'Peace Symbols,' "Chicago Schools Journal" 18, p. 151 (1937).

paragraph: 'Moral Issues,' in "The Negro Problems of the Community to the West", Report of the Commission on Intercommunity relationships of the Hyde Park-Kentwood Council of Churches and Synagogues, p. 28 (1940).

paragraph: "Peace Symbols", Chicago: Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (1948).

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Timeline of women in science

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Baber, Zonia. (1905) Field Work in the Elementary School  "Journal of Geography 4" (1): 18-22

description: geologist and geographer

wikidata_label: Zonia Baber

wikipedia_title: Zonia Baber


text:
KG
KB
PC
John Talbot, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury
1st Duke of Buckingham
Shifnal
Shropshire
Knight of the Order of the Bath
Henry VII
Lambert Simnel
Battle of Stoke
Knight of the Garter
Emperor
Margaret Tudor
Henry VIII
Lord High Steward of Ireland
Lord Steward
Chamberlain of the Exchequer
Privy Counsellor
Battle of the Spurs
Thérouanne
Field of the Cloth of Gold
Katherine of Aragon
Thomas Wolsey
York
John Russell
Sir William Parr
Catherine Parr
William Gonson
Francis Bryan
William FitzWilliam
Gloucester
Pilgrimage of Grace
Ampthill
Bedfordshire
Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk
Doncaster
Robert Aske
Sheffield
castle
Lord Furnivall
Mary, Queen of Scots
6th Earl
parish church
Sheffield
Sheffield Cathedral
Wingfield Manor
Lady Anne
Sheffield Cathedral
Lady Anne Hastings
William Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings
Katherine Neville
Katherine of Aragon
Cecily Bonville, Marchioness of Dorset
Francis Talbot
William Dacre, 3rd Baron Dacre
Henry Clifford, 1st Earl of Cumberland
Mary Talbot
Henry Percy, 6th Earl of Northumberland
Sir Richard Walden
Henry Compton, 1st Baron Compton
William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke
Gavin O'Connor
The Tudors
Pilgrimage of Grace
H.F.M. Prescott
Sheffield Cathedral
Talbot genealogy at the Tudor Place

categories: Earls of Shrewsbury,History of Sheffield,Talbot family,16th-century English nobility,1538 deaths,Knights of the Garter,People from Shifnal,Earls of Waterford,15th-century English people,1460s births,People of the Tudor period

paragraph: George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury

paragraph: Sir George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury, 4th Earl of Waterford, 10th Baron Talbot, KG, KB, PC (c. 1468 – 26 July 1538) was the son of John Talbot, 3rd Earl of Shrewsbury, and Lady Catherine Stafford, daughter of the 1st Duke of Buckingham. He also held the subsidiary titles of 13th Baron Strange of Blackmere and 9th Baron Furnivall.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: The Earl was born at Shifnal, Shropshire, in 1468. He succeeded to his father's peerage in 1473, when aged five years, and was appointed Knight of the Order of the Bath in 1475.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Under King Henry VII, the Earl was a distinguished and honoured warrior. He fought with distinction against Lambert Simnel at the Battle of Stoke and was created a Knight of the Garter after the battle. In 1489 he joined the English expedition to Flanders to aid the Emperor against the French. The same year, upon the birth of Henry's second child, a daughter named Margaret Tudor, Talbot became the first Tudor princess's godfather.

paragraph: On the accession of King Henry VIII, the Earl continued to serve the King as he did his father and again distinguished himself amongst his peers as a great warrior. During Henry's reign the Earl became a powerful man. Already hereditary Lord High Steward of Ireland from 1473 to 1538, he was then appointed Lord Steward of the King's Household and a Chamberlain of the Exchequer from 1509 to 1538, a Privy Counsellor in 1512 and Lieutenant-General of the North in 1522. He was Lieutenant-General of the English army sent to invade France in 1512, where he was present at the Battle of the Spurs and captured Thérouanne in August 1513. He was later present at the Field of the Cloth of Gold, commanded the army sent to control the border of Scotland, and was given many other high political positions at court.

paragraph: When the divorce question came on King Henry's 'Great Matter', Shrewsbury supported it, gave evidence at Queen Katherine of Aragon's trial, and signed the letter to the pope urging him to grant the divorce. He also signed the articles against Cardinal Thomas Wolsey in 1529. On 4 Nov 1530, Wolsey was arrested for treason and brought south from York for his trial, arriving four days later at the Manor Lodge of the Earl where he stayed for eighteen days. He was treated kindly by the Earl and his family, who tried to make his stay as comfortable as possible. However, Wolsey became very ill before leaving Sheffield while under guard.

paragraph: When the rebellion in the north broke out in October 1536, Shrewsbury promptly raised forces on his own authority, and 'his courage and fidelity on this occasion perhaps saved Henry's crown.' The Earl, John Russell, Sir William Parr (uncle of Queen consort Catherine Parr), William Gonson, Sir Francis Bryan and Admiral Sir William FitzWilliam, who were royalists, mustered the 1,000 troops from Gloucester who lived at Stony Stratford who were present against the rebels of the Pilgrimage of Grace at Ampthill, Bedfordshire. It was Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, and the 4th Earl of Shrewsbury, who opened negotiations with the insurgents at Doncaster, where Robert Aske had assembled between thirty and forty thousand men. An armistice was then agreed upon, and the insurgents laid their demands before the King.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Having a large family and being a very wealthy man, he found the castle accommodation extremely cramped. He broke with the tradition of his family and decided to make Sheffield his home, living in the castle built by Lord Furnivall. This castle is best known for later holding Mary, Queen of Scots, prisoner and indeed it was the 6th Earl, the Earl's grandson, who confined her. In 1516, he decided to build himself a country mansion on a hill about two miles away. In 1520, he had a chapel added to the parish church at Sheffield to serve as a family chapel with a burial vault below. This is now known as the Shrewsbury Chapel and now forms a historic part of Sheffield Cathedral.

paragraph: In 1538, the Earl died, aged 70, while at Wingfield Manor. He was laid to rest in the Shrewsbury Chapel along with his first wife, Lady Anne. In his will, the Earl directed 'that a tomb of marble should be set over his grave with three images thereon, namely one of himself in his mantle of the Garter, another of his deceased wife in her robes, and a third of his wife then living'. The monument to Talbot and his two wives can still be seen in the church (now Sheffield Cathedral).

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and issue.

paragraph: He married before 27 June 1481 at age 13, his second cousin, Lady Anne Hastings, daughter of William Hastings, 1st Baron Hastings, and Katherine Neville. Lady Anne was at court as one of Katherine of Aragon’s ladies-in-waiting at the beginning of Henry VIII’s reign. Lady Anne was a maternal half-sister of Cecily Bonville, Marchioness of Dorset.

paragraph: George Talbot and Lady Anne Hastings had 11 children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Francis Talbot, later 11th Baron Talbot and 5th Earl of Shrewsbury (c. 1500-1560)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Elizabeth Talbot (c. 1507-aft. 6 May 1552), married aft. 18 May 1519 William Dacre, 3rd Baron Dacre of Gilsland, and had issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Margaret Talbot (dsp.), married, as his first wife, Henry Clifford, 1st Earl of Cumberland

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Mary Talbot (d. 16 April 1572), married c. Jan 1523/4 Henry Percy, 6th Earl of Northumberland.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry Talbot, styled Lord Talbot (d. young)

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Talbot (d. young)

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Talbot (d. young)

paragraph: BULLET::::- William Talbot, Marshal of Ireland

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richard Talbot

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Anne Talbot

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Dorothy Talbot

paragraph: After Anne died, he married secondly Elizabeth Walden (1491-July 1567), the daughter of Sir Richard Walden. They had two children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Anne Talbot (18 March 1523 – 18 July 1588), married first Peter Compton (d. 30 January 1544) and had one son, Henry Compton, 1st Baron Compton; married second William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Talbot (d. young)

paragraph: Section::::Film, fiction, television.

paragraph: The Earl of Shrewsbury is depicted by Gavin O'Connor in the Showtime series "The Tudors". In the series, the Earl of Shrewsbury is depicted as a much younger man (approximately 30). At the time of the Pilgrimage of Grace in 1536, which is when he is featured in "The Tudors", historically he was 70 yrs old. The date also confirms that he had to have been the 4th Earl of Shrewsbury; as titles are passed on only after a noble dies. "The Tudors" has been known to disregard the "real" ages of historical figures when casting roles.

paragraph: He is a minor character in H.F.M. Prescott's novel "The Man on a Donkey", which tells the story of the Pilgrimage of Grace.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sheffield Cathedral

paragraph: BULLET::::- Talbot genealogy at the Tudor Place

description: English Earl

wikidata_label: George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury

wikipedia_title: George Talbot, 4th Earl of Shrewsbury


text:
Autolux
Jack White
Blunderbuss
Lazaretto
Boarding House Reach
Frank
Michael Fassbender
Domhnall Gleeson
Autolux
Eugene Goreshter
Accidental Death of an Anarchist
Dario Fo
Greg Edwards
EP
8 track
T Bone Burnett
Coen Brothers
Josh Klinghoffer
Vincent Gallo
When
mellotron
The True False Identity
Curtains
John Frusciante
Blunderbuss
Frank
Lenny Abrahamson
Michael Fassbender
Future Perfect
Transit Transit
Pussy's Dead
Wendy and Lisa
Wendy and Lisa
Fruit at the Bottom
Wendy and Lisa
Eroica
Wendy and Lisa
Dream Harder
The Waterboys
Vagabundo
Draco Rosa
Teddy Thompson
Fan Dance
Sam Phillips
Curtains
John Frusciante
A Boot and a Shoe
Sam Phillips
The True False Identity
T Bone Burnett
John Doe
Unkle
Unkle
A Woman a Man Walked By
PJ Harvey
John Parish
Unkle
The Lost Notebooks of Hank Williams
The People's Key
Bright Eyes
Blunderbuss
Jack White
Lazaretto
Jack White
Lost on the River
The New Basement Tapes
Boots
Boarding House Reach
Jack White
Glim Spanky
Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood
Crossing Jordan
The Soul of a Man
Across the Universe
I'm Not There
21
Eat Pray Love
Sucker Punch
Frank

categories: American rock drummers,American female drummers,Ednaswap members,Living people,Year of birth missing (living people)

paragraph: Carla Azar

paragraph: Carla Azar is an American drummer from Alabama and member of the band Autolux. She also plays guitar, bass guitar, keyboards, and sings.

paragraph: Azar played drums on Jack White's albums "Blunderbuss", "Lazaretto", and "Boarding House Reach", and is currently on tour with him. From 2009–2011, she collaborated with painter Mark Whalen (also known as Kill Pixie) on art exhibitions, creating music for installation rooms. She had a role in the film "Frank" starring Michael Fassbender and Domhnall Gleeson.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: The band Autolux formed in 2001 in Los Angeles. She met Eugene Goreshter while writing the score for "Accidental Death of an Anarchist", a play by Nobel Prize winner Dario Fo. She met Greg Edwards while he was playing in his previous band, Failure. In August 2000, Autolux made their debut, playing two shows at the Silverlake Lounge. On March 1, 2001, the band released a self-produced EP entitled "Demonstration". It contained five songs recorded on an 8 track in their rehearsal space. After impressing record producer T Bone Burnett during a performance, Autolux signed to DMZ, a record label created by Burnett and the Coen Brothers.

paragraph: In 2002, Azar and Josh Klinghoffer supported Vincent Gallo as his tour band in support of his album "When". Besides drums, she played guitar and mellotron on the tour.

paragraph: Azar played drums on "The True False Identity" (2005) by Burnett and "Curtains" (2005) by John Frusciante.

paragraph: In May 2011, she began recording with Jack White on his first solo album, "Blunderbuss". In 2012, she toured with White's touring band, The Peacocks.

paragraph: In 2014, she co-starred as part of an ensemble cast in the film "Frank", directed by Lenny Abrahamson, starring Michael Fassbender as Frank.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With Autolux.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Future Perfect" (DMZ, 2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Transit Transit" (TBD, 2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pussy's Dead" (Columbia/Sony, 2016)

paragraph: Guest appearances

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987 "Wendy and Lisa", Wendy and Lisa

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1989 "Fruit at the Bottom", Wendy and Lisa

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1990 "Eroica", Wendy and Lisa

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1993 "Dream Harder", The Waterboys

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996 "Vagabundo", Draco Rosa

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000 "Teddy Thompson", Teddy Thompson

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001 "Fan Dance", Sam Phillips

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004 "Curtains", John Frusciante

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004 "A Boot and a Shoe", Sam Phillips

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 "The True False Identity", T Bone Burnett

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007 "A Year in the Wilderness", John Doe

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007 "War Stories", Unkle

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 "More Stories", Unkle

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009 "A Woman a Man Walked By" by PJ Harvey and John Parish (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2010 "Where Did the Night Fall (Another Night Out)", Unkle

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011 "The Lost Notebooks of Hank Williams"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011 "The People's Key", Bright Eyes

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2012 "Blunderbuss", Jack White

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014 "Lazaretto", Jack White

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014 "Lost on the River", The New Basement Tapes

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015 "Aquaria", Boots

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018 "Boarding House Reach", Jack White

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018 "TV Show", Glim Spanky

paragraph: Soundtracks

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002 "Divine Secrets of the Ya-Ya Sisterhood"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002 ""

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003 "Crossing Jordan"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003 "The Soul of a Man"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007 "Across the Universe"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007 "I'm Not There"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 "21"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2010 "Eat Pray Love"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011 "Sucker Punch"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014 "Frank"

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Carla Azar

wikipedia_title: Carla Azar


text: War of 1812

text: brigadier general

text: U.S. Representative

text: Louisiana

text: Hanover, New Hampshire

text: Eleazer Wheelock

text: Dartmouth College

text: John Wheelock

text: Kennebec County, Maine

text: Portland, Maine

text: Massachusetts House of Representatives

text: Massachusetts Senate

text: 21st United States Infantry Regiment

text: York

text: Sacketts Harbor

text: Crysler's Farm

text: James Miller

text: Jacob Brown

text: Niagara River

text: Battle of Lundy's Lane

text: Siege of Fort Erie

text: Edmund Pendleton Gaines

text: Baton Rouge, Louisiana

text: United States Representative

text: Ripley, Ohio

text: Ripley County, Indiana

text: Ripley County, Missouri

text: Ripley, New York

text: Ripley, Tennessee

text: Ripley, Mississippi

text: Fort Ripley, MN

categories: United States Army generals,Louisiana Jacksonians,Jacksonian members of the United States House of Representatives,1782 births,Speakers of the Massachusetts House of Representatives,Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives,Members of the United States House of Representatives from Louisiana,Members of the Massachusetts House of Representatives,1839 deaths,Congressional Gold Medal recipients,Louisiana Democrats,American people of the War of 1812,Dartmouth College alumni

paragraph: Eleazer Wheelock Ripley

paragraph: Eleazer Wheelock Ripley (April 15, 1782 – March 2, 1839) was an American soldier and politician. He fought in the War of 1812, eventually rising to the rank of brigadier general, and later served as a U.S. Representative from Louisiana, from 1835 until 1839.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Ripley was born in Hanover, New Hampshire. He was the grandson of Eleazer Wheelock, the founder of Dartmouth College, and the nephew of John Wheelock, the college's president. His father, Sylvanus, taught at Dartmouth in the 1780s, and Eleazer graduated from the school in 1800.

paragraph: Ripley practiced law in Kennebec County, Maine, and Portland, Maine. He served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1810 to 1811, and was elected to the Massachusetts Senate in 1812.

paragraph: In August 1812, following the outbreak of the War of 1812, he organized the 21st United States Infantry Regiment, and was given the rank of lieutenant-colonel. He was promoted to colonel in March 1813. Most of the regiment's soldiers came from Massachusetts and Maine. Soldiers from the regiment took part in several battles, including York (in which Ripley was wounded), Sacketts Harbor, Crysler's Farm.

paragraph: In April 1814, Ripley was promoted to Brigadier General. (Lieutenant Colonel James Miller, late of the 4th US Infantry Regiment was appointed to succeed him in command of the 21st Infantry.) Ripley was appointed to command the Second Brigade (which included the 21st Infantry) of Major General Jacob Brown's Left Division on the Niagara River. At the Battle of Lundy's Lane, Ripley's brigade captured and held the British guns until the American withdrawal. However, he was blamed by Brown for losing the guns during the withdrawal and later demanded a court martial to clear his name.

paragraph: Ripley briefly commanded Brown's division during the Siege of Fort Erie after Brown was wounded at Lundy's Lane, but was superseded by Brigadier General Edmund Pendleton Gaines. He was conspicuous in the repulse of a British assault on August 16, and in an American sortie on September 17, in which he was wounded.

paragraph: Ripley was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal, the precursor to the Medal of Honor, for his wartime service. He moved to Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in 1815, and left the army in 1820 to continue his career in politics. He served as a United States Representative from Louisiana's Second District from March 4, 1835 to March 2, 1839.

paragraph: He was the subject of a United States Supreme Court decision, "United States v. Ripley" (1832). As a result of this decision, Ripley owed the United States a sum of money that he had expended while serving as a Major General by brevet. The building involved in the lawsuit is the oldest building in Uptown New Orleans.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Ripley's efforts during the war were recognized by the renaming of village of Staunton, Ohio, to Ripley, Ohio, in his honor. Other places named after him include Ripley County, Indiana, Ripley County, Missouri, Ripley, New York, Ripley, Tennessee, Ripley, Mississippi, and Fort Ripley, MN.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of United States Congress members who died in office (1790–1899)

description: American politician

wikidata_label: Eleazer Wheelock Ripley

wikipedia_title: Eleazer Wheelock Ripley


text:
Nordic combined
1956 Winter Olympics

categories: Nordic combined skiers at the 1956 Winter Olympics,Living people,1931 births,Ski jumpers at the 1956 Winter Olympics,Soviet male Nordic combined skiers,Soviet male ski jumpers,Olympic ski jumpers of the Soviet Union

paragraph: Yury Moshkin

paragraph: Yury Moshkin (, born 1931) is a retired Soviet skier. He placed 13th in the Nordic combined and 34th in ski jumping at the 1956 Winter Olympics. In the Nordic combined competition he won the ski jumping event, but finished only 31st in the cross-country race.

description: Soviet ski jumper

wikidata_label: Yury Moshkin

wikipedia_title: Yury Moshkin


text:
sprinter
men's 400 metres
1928 Summer Olympics

categories: Chilean male sprinters,1909 births,Olympic athletes of Chile,Athletes (track and field) at the 1928 Summer Olympics,Place of birth missing,Year of death missing

paragraph: José Vicente Salinas

paragraph: José Vicente Salinas (born 1909, date of death unknown) was a Chilean sprinter. He competed in the men's 400 metres at the 1928 Summer Olympics.

wikidata_label: José Vicente Salinas

wikipedia_title: José Vicente Salinas


text: Soviet

text: admiral

text: Soviet Navy

text: cruiser

text: Kirkenes

text: Northern Fleet

text: Pacific Fleet

text: submarine launched ballistic missile

text: Cuban Missile Crisis

text: Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union

text: Order of Lenin

text: Order of the Red Banner

text: Order of Nakhimov

text: Order of Ushakov

text: Order of the Red Star

text: Fokino, Primorsky Krai

text: Vladivostok

categories: Recipients of the Order of Lenin,1964 deaths,Recipients of the Order of Ushakov, 2nd class,Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner,Soviet admirals,1906 births,Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery

paragraph: Vitaly Fokin

paragraph: Vitaly Alekseyevich Fokin (Виталий Алексеевич Фо́кин) (17 March 1906 – 23 January 1964) was a Soviet admiral and the first deputy commander of the Soviet Navy.

paragraph: Section::::Naval Career.

paragraph: A worker's son, Vitaliy Alekseyevich Fokin joined the Soviet Navy when he was 16 in 1922. He served as a deck officer aboard the cruiser from 1927 and commanded the destroyer "Uritskiy" from 1941 to 1944. In 1944, the squadron that he commanded took part in the capture of the German base in Kirkenes, Norway.

paragraph: He was appointed chief of staff of the Northern Fleet in 1947, rising up the ranks to become commander of the Pacific Fleet in 1958 and then first deputy commander of the Soviet Navy between 1962 and 1964. Admiral Fokin was a moderniser and was instrumental to the development of the Soviet submarine launched ballistic missile deterrent. In the run up to the Cuban Missile Crisis, he said to his submarine commanders, "If they slap you on the left cheek, do not let them slap you on the right one."

paragraph: Section::::Ranks.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rear Admiral (25 September 1944)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vice-Admiral (11 May 1949)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Admiral (3 August 1953)

paragraph: Section::::Political career.

paragraph: Admiral Fokin was made a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1961 and a deputy in the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union in 1962.

paragraph: Section::::Honours, awards and decorations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Order of Lenin (1948)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Order of the Red Banner (four times 1942, 1943, 1944, 1952)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Order of Nakhimov First degree (1945)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Order of Ushakov Second degree (1944)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Order of the Red Star (1935)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: The following have been named after Admiral Fokin:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fokino, Primorsky Krai, home to the Russian Pacific Fleet

paragraph: BULLET::::- Admiral Fokin Street in Vladivostok

wikidata_label: Witalij Fokin

wikipedia_title: Vitaly Fokin


text: QC

text: barrister

text: international criminal law

text: human rights

text: prosecutor

text: Old Bailey

text: Southwark Crown Court

text: gang violence

text: joint enterprise murder

text: The Times

text: called to the Bar

text: QEB Hollis Whiteman

text: Mark Ellison QC

text: murder

text: terrorism

text: organised crime

text: Queen's Counsel

text: Old Bailey

text: Old Bailey

text: Recorder (judge)

text: Senior Treasury Counsel

text: Bencher

text: Gray’s Inn

text: prosecution

text: Labour Party

text: Cash for Peerages

text: CPS

text: Barclays

text: fraud

text: Kevin Hutchinson-Foster

text: Mark Duggan

text: Tottenham Hale

text: joint enterprise

text: Katharine Gun

text: GCHQ

text: The Lawyer

text: R v Jogee

text: joint enterprise

text: Supreme Court

text: R v Jogee

text: Ruddock v The Queen

text: Kevin Hutchinson-Foster

text: Mark Duggan

text: Firearms Act 1968

text: Metropolitan Police's

text: Trident

text: Sydenham

text: Old Bailey

text: Kentucky Fried Chicken shop

text: joint enterprise law

text: gang violence

text: joint enterprise murder

text: Shepherd's Bush

text: Crawley

text: West Sussex

text: lingerie

text: Bognor

text: English

text: Badoo

text: laptop

text: IT

text: Northolt

text: Old Bailey

text: CCTV

text: Badoo

text: extradited

text: United Kingdom

text: Metropolitan Police

text: bondage

text: Archangel Gabriel

text: trustee

text: joint enterprise

text: gang violence

text: BBC One

text: documentary

text: joint enterprise

text: Police Oracle: Edward Brown QC

text: - The Barristers, documentary

text: - Common

text: BBC One

text: joint enterprise law

text: R v Jogee

text: Joint enterprise

text: Protection from Harassment Act 1997

categories: Government lawyers,People from London,Advocates,English human rights activists,21st-century English lawyers,Civil rights activists,Prosecutors,English Queen's Counsel,English barristers,1958 births,British lawyers,Immigration lawyers,Human rights lawyers,International law scholars,British prosecutors,British solicitors,Members of the Inner Temple,Public defenders,British legal writers,Legal educators,Members of Gray's Inn,International criminal law scholars,Trial lawyers,British Queen's Counsel,English judges,Criminal defense lawyers,Living people,English criminal law,Queen's Counsel 2001–,Litigators,20th-century English lawyers

paragraph: Edward Brown (barrister)

paragraph: Edward Francis Trevenen Brown QC (born January 1958) is an English barrister who specialises in international criminal law and human rights. He is one of the most senior prosecutors at the Old Bailey where he also served as a Recorder, as well as sitting as a part-time circuit judge at Southwark Crown Court. Brown has written extensively on gang violence and joint enterprise murder in "The Times".

paragraph: Section::::Career at the Bar.

paragraph: Brown was called to the Bar in 1983. He currently practises at QEB Hollis Whiteman in London, chambers of Mark Ellison QC, where he heads specialist criminal department. After beginning his career both prosecuting and defending, Brown specialised in prosecution work from 1986, including several cases of murder, terrorism and organised crime. He took silk (i.e. appointed Queen's Counsel) in 2008. For most of his career he has practised at the Old Bailey.

paragraph: Section::::Career at the Bar.:Appointments.

paragraph: In 2000 Brown was appointed Junior Treasury Counsel at the Old Bailey, where he served as a Recorder (judge) from 2001. In 2007 he was appointed Senior Treasury Counsel, serving in that capacity until 2014. In 2015 Brown became a Bencher of Gray’s Inn.

paragraph: Section::::Human rights.

paragraph: In 2014 Brown became a member of Detention Review Board of United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo.

paragraph: Section::::Defence.

paragraph: Brown has represented the prosecution, corporate entities and individuals in allegations of corporate crime, corruption, corporate manslaughter and tax investigations. In 2009 Brown acted for Labour Party politicians in Cash for Peerages police inquiry - no charges against MP's were brought. In 2016 Brown was appointed as leading Counsel to represent the CPS at the Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse.

paragraph: Section::::Defence.:Notable cases.

paragraph: Section::::Defence.:Notable cases.:SFO.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 2016 Brown represented Serious Fraud Office in a widely publicesed case involving former Barclays boss who was charged with fraud. The SFO also charged him with a count of unlawful financial assistance over a $3 billion loan the bank made to Qatar’s finance and economy ministry.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 2017 Brown acted as a district attorney for SFO in Barclays prosecution case which was among the most high-profile cases ever to be brought by the SFO.

paragraph: Section::::Prosecution.

paragraph: Brown was instructed by the CPS in many of the highest profile British criminal cases including prosecution of Kevin Hutchinson-Foster who passed the BBM Bruni Model 92 handgun to Mark Duggan shortly before the minicab in which Duggan was travelling was stopped by police in Ferry Lane in Tottenham Hale.

paragraph: Brown was also instructed in the inquest of Duggan's death. He prosecuted members of the GAS (Guns And Shanks) gang from Brixton who were charged with joint enterprise murder in a case of "vicious, shocking and sickening case of gang violence outside a school at a time when pupils and staff were gathering at the start of a school day", as well as Ben Hitchcock's murderers, whose actions were described as "the direct result of what was a pitched battle between rival gangs." Co-defendant Royston Thomas was found not guilty after police detectives relaunched an investigation into the stabbing of 16-year-old Ben Hitchcock.

paragraph: He prosecuted David Jeffs known as the "Mayfair socialite murder", child killer Ben Butler, hitman Jamie Marsh-Smith who was found guilty of murdering a gang boss, and MI5 official Katharine Gun in widely publicised case involving MI5 and GCHQ.

paragraph: Section::::Prosecution.:R v Jogee.

paragraph: In February 2016, Brown was interviewed by The Lawyer magazine to analyse R v Jogee that reversed previous case law on joint enterprise murder, after a recent Supreme Court ruling indicating that it was not right that a person could be convicted of murder and subsequently sentenced to life imprisonment if they foresaw the murder could take place but did not deliver the fatal blow. Brown commented: "It has always been the case that a person who intentionally assists another in a joint crime will be as guilty as the person who physically commits that crime. After the Chan Wing-Siu ruling in 1985, juries have since been directed that if a secondary party foresaw that the principal party might use a knife, for example, with intent to cause harm or murder, then they are guilty of murder as well."

paragraph: Brown also commented that the judgment in R v Jogee and Ruddock v The Queen will have a significant effect on the prosecution of multi-handed crime, and in particular cases of multi-handed serious violence that sometimes results in death. It will also result in many applications for leave to appeal against conviction out of time.

paragraph: Section::::Prosecution.:Kevin Hutchinson-Foster.

paragraph: On 18 September 2012, Brown started prosecuting Kevin Hutchinson-Foster whose trial took place in Snaresbrook Crown Court. Duggan was shot dead while police officers were trying to arrest him in Tottenham, north London last August. The jury heard that the handgun allegedly supplied by Hutchinson-Foster was found near the spot where Duggan was shot. Giving evidence, Hutchinson-Foster who was accused of passing the gun to Mark Duggan, claimed Duggan already had a gun. Hutchinson-Foster is accused of "selling or transferring" a BBM Bruni Model 92 handgun to Duggan contrary to the Firearms Act 1968, between 28 July and 5 August 2011. Hutchinson-Foster was found guilty of suppying gun to Duggan. Chief Supt Dean Haydon, from the Metropolitan Police's Trident Serious Crime Command, said:

paragraph: Section::::Prosecution.:Shanks and Guns gang.

paragraph: In 2011 Brown prosecuted two south London gangs known as Shanks and Guns, or SG, and the Black Mafia, also known as the Sydenham Boys. Gang members were found guilty of murder of Nicholas "Nick" Pearton who was thought to be their friend. In May 2011 Pearton, 17 year old schoolboy, was stabbed by gangsters being caught up in a clash between two gangs in Home Park, Sydenham. Pearton was attacked when he went to the park to help gangsters who he thought were his friends, after receiving a call from them. The jury at the Old Bailey saw CCTV footage from the Kentucky Fried Chicken shop of an injured Nicholas running in and collapsing.

paragraph: Prosecuting, Brown commented that Pearton was "the only white-skinned male participant in the incident" when he was chased and eventually killed by a pack of "animals." The court heard that hours earlier, Pearton's so-called friend, a member of Black Mafia gang known as the Sydenham Boys, had been involved in a row at school which led to a confrontation in the park between the two gangs. Brown told the jury:

paragraph: Only one out of ten gangsters was identified as stabbing Pearton. The others claimed they had been wrongly convicted of murder and manslaughter. Belgian national Edward Conteh was convicted of Pearton's murder and deported after his conviction under joint enterprise law, whilst not being present at the scene. But Judge Anthony Morris said they had all taken part in "a terrifying example of gang violence". Morris also said not enough was being done to raise awareness of the consequences of gang violence. When the police commented that they already had a programme, Judge Morris said:

paragraph: Section::::Prosecution.:R v Hanad Mohammed.

paragraph: In 2016 Brown started prosecuting Hamad Mohammad and three of his associates who were accused of joint enterprise murder. Ionut Lazar, 28, was found shot dead in Shepherd’s Bush on 22 October 2016 two days after arriving in the UK from Romania. Lazar, 28, was killed after "a number of men" forced their way into a home in Shepherd's Bush, west London Police were called to Askew Road, W11 on 22 October at 2.40am to reports of an unconscious male at a residential property in Askew Road. Lazar was found suffering from what was initially thought to be a stab wound to the chest. He died at the scene a short while later. A post-mortem examination took place 24 October at Fulham Mortuary and established the cause of death as a bullet wound to the chest.

paragraph: Section::::Prosecution.:Gintare Suminaite.

paragraph: In January 2017 Brown prosecuted Gintare Suminaite, 29-year-old mother from Crawley, West Sussex, who was charged with murder of her newborn child.

paragraph: Prosecuting, Brown told the jury that the child was the product of Suminaite's secret affair with a fellow Lithuanian. Suminaite kept her pregnancy hidden from authorities and her long-term partner, with whom she already had a young child. She attended a hearing at Crawley magistrates' court but did not enter a plea to the murder charge.

paragraph: Suminaite told police she "most likely" intended to kill her baby, but said she did not know why. At the trial held at the Old Bailey she pleaded guilty to a charge of infanticide.

paragraph: The court heard that on 5 April 2016, Suminaite left work early saying she had ‘big problems’ and gave birth in the bathroom at home, with her partner in another room. Her partner found Suminaite lying naked in the bathroom surrounded by blood and a baby bath full of what appeared to be clothes.

paragraph: Jurors at the Old Bailey heard that Suminaite was bleeding and pale when found by her boyfriend who eventually called an ambulance after she confessed what had happened. The court heard that the child lay undiscovered as medics initially did not spot the body in the baby bath and the couple did not mention it. Suminaite was subsequently treated in hospital for significant blood loss and injury from childbirth. Following her arrest, Suminaite said she strangled her baby with her lingerie, but did not know why. She described giving birth quickly and easily and said the baby was moving and trying to cry. Suminaite told the jury she cut the umbilical cord with a razor then passed out in the bath. When she came to pick the baby up, she said the baby was not moving and she tied a pair of her knickers around her neck and put her in the baby bath. She said she did not know why she did it as she had no mental problems. Emergency services were called to her home on Aldwick Road in Bognor. At the hearing, Mr Justice Nicol said that Suminaite's circumstances were "tragic in themselves". Sentencing Suminaite, he said: Suminaite followed proceedings with the aid of a translator as English was not her first language. In his closing speech Brown acknowledged that Suminaite been emotionally and socially isolated during her life in England. He told the court:

paragraph: Suminaite was sentenced to a 24-month community order with a rehabilitation requirement order. At the completion of the trial Mr Justice Nicol said:

paragraph: Section::::Prosecution.:Jason Marshall.

paragraph: In August 2017, Brown prosecuted male escort Jason Marshall who murdered his client Peter Fasoli who he met in December 2012 through gay social networking site called Badoo, where he advertised his services under his "working" name Gabriel. Marshall was arrested after the victim's relative found hidden footage of killing on his laptop. Peter Fasoli, a 58-year-old IT expert, from Northolt was terrorised and murdered in 2013 at his own house by Marshall who posed as a policeman. On the opening day of his trial at the Old Bailey, Marshall was described as a "calculating and determined" killer. Prosecuting, Mr Brown warned jurors that they would be asked to view the video, which showed the actual killing itself. The court heard that during sexual roleplay, Marshall stripped the victim and arrested him for "being a spy" and hacking into a government laptop, the court heard. Fasoli was threatened with a knife and forced to hand over his cash card pin numbers. The footage shower Marshall, 28, calmly standing over the body of his client Peter Fasoli and signing "in the name of the father, the son and the Holy Ghost" in Latin, after killing him. Marshall subsequently set fire to Fasoli's home in attempt to make Fasoli's death look like an accident.

paragraph: But two years later when Fasoli's nephew was sorting through his belongings, he was horrified to discover a computer file containing CCTV footage of the entire event.

paragraph: The court heard how Marshall, who denied murder, first got in contact with Peter Fasoli in December 2012 through gay social networking site called Badoo, inviting to set up a treesome and inventing the persona of a policeman.

paragraph: Prosecuting, Mr Brown told jurors:

paragraph: The Old Baily heard that Marshall arrived at the Fasoli's home at around 7pm on 6 January 2012, pretending to be a police officer kitted out with a police utility belt, handcuffs and a pistol holster.

paragraph: During sexual role play, Marshall stripped the victim and arrested him for "being a spy" and hacking into a Government laptop, the court heard.

paragraph: After Marshall fled the scene, he sent a "calculated and cynical" message to Fasoli on the Badoo chat line apologising for not seeing him the night before. He withdrew £750 in cash from the Fasoli's bank account and used his card to buy a flight to Rome. In February 2016 Marshal was arrested in Italy and extradited to United Kingdom to face trial for murder of Fasoli he committed four years ago. A Metropolitan Police spokesman commented:

paragraph: The court has heard that Fasoli accidentally filmed his own bondage sex session murder at the hands of Jason Marshall dressed as policeman. Jurors at the Old Bailey watched footage of Fasoli begging for his life as he was attacked by fantasist Marshall while classical music played in the background. Camera footage showed Fasioli becoming visibly distressed as he was gagged and bound on his bed. He was threatened with a large hunting knife and forced to hand over his cash card pin numbers, the court heard. Prosecuting, Brown told the jury:

paragraph: The court heard that during psychological evaluation Marshall told the psychiatrists that he is an incarnation of Archangel Gabriel and stated "You can’t judge me, only God can judge me." In September 2017 Jason Marshall was imprisoned for 39 years for the murder of Peter Fasoli.

paragraph: He has previously been convicted in the UK of impersonating MI5 and transport police officials while carrying out searches and of issuing fines on the Tube.

paragraph: Section::::Prosecution.:Samantha Ford.

paragraph: In 2019 Brown prosecuted Samantha Ford who pleaded guilty to killing her infant twins Jake and Chloe Ford. She admitted manslaughter by diminished responsibility.

paragraph: Section::::Trusteeships and patronages.

paragraph: In 2011 Brown became a trustee of the Growing Against Violence, charity that delivers programmes in schools that address gang exploitation and seeks to educate young people and draw them away from gangs and violence. Brown also gave lectures to young south London gang members on law of joint enterprise and on the dangers of gang violence.

paragraph: Section::::Notable appearances.

paragraph: Section::::Notable appearances.:Guilty by Association.

paragraph: In September 2015 Brown, in his capacity of Senior Treasury Counsel, appeared on "Guilty by Association", a BBC One documentary that examines law of joint enterprise. The programme raised questions about how the courts deal with gang violence, what constitutes a murder and whether young people are being sentenced for crimes they did not commit. Documentary follows Alex and his family as he is charged under the joint enterprise law and examines the increasing controversy surrounding the details of this law which some believe is creating criminals of the innocent.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Police Oracle: Edward Brown QC

paragraph: BULLET::::- Edward Brown QC - insights, professional opinion and honest testimony on the subject of gang members and knives.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Edward Brown QC - Guilty by Association documentary which follows Alex and his family as he is charged with joint enterprise murder

paragraph: BULLET::::- - The Barristers, documentary

paragraph: BULLET::::- - Common, BBC One film based on the UK's controversial joint enterprise law./a

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- R v Jogee

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Supreme Court of Judicature cases

paragraph: BULLET::::- Joint enterprise

paragraph: BULLET::::- Protection from Harassment Act 1997

description: Senior Treasury Counsel

wikidata_label: Edward Francis Trevenen Brown

wikipedia_title: Edward Brown (barrister)


text:
German
Bishop of Sion
Pont-à-Mousson
Lotharingia
Benedictine
Molesme Abbey
Aulps Abbey
Savoy
Bishop of Sion

categories: 1065 births,12th-century Christian saints,French Roman Catholic saints,12th-century Roman Catholic bishops,People from Sion, Switzerland,1150 deaths,French Benedictines

paragraph: Guarinus of Sitten

paragraph: Saint Guarinus of Sitten (German: Warin, ) was Bishop of Sion.

paragraph: Guarinus was born in Pont-à-Mousson, Lotharingia, around 1065, into a noble family. In about 1085 he became a monk at the Benedictine monastery of Molesme Abbey. In 1094, together with a group of brothers, he founded a daughter house of Molesme, Aulps Abbey in Savoy.

paragraph: In 1138 Guarinus was appointed Bishop of Sion and later became revered as a saint. He died at Aulps Abbey in 1150.

description: Benedictine monk and bishop

wikidata_label: Guarinus of Sitten

wikipedia_title: Guarinus of Sitten


href: Kaunas Lithuania Lithuania track%20and%20field heptathlon 2008%20Summer%20Olympics

text:
Kaunas
Lithuania
Lithuania
track and field
heptathlon
2008 Summer Olympics

categories: Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field),Olympic athletes of Lithuania,Lithuanian female hurdlers,1985 births,Lithuanian heptathletes,Universiade gold medalists for Lithuania,Universiade silver medalists for Lithuania,Living people,Athletes (track and field) at the 2008 Summer Olympics

paragraph: Viktorija Žemaitytė

paragraph: Viktorija Žemaitytė (born March 11, 1985 in Kaunas, Lithuania) is a Lithuanian female track and field athlete, who represented Lithuania in the heptathlon at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

description: Lithuanian heptathlete

wikidata_label: Viktorija Žemaitytė

wikipedia_title: Viktorija Žemaitytė