text:
maritime painter
Thomas Luny
Ramsgate
baptized
St Laurence-in-Thanet
Ramsgate
master mariner
cooper
Captain
Wapping
Thames
London
captain
Thomas Luny
maritime painter
American War of Independence
Royal Navy
Royal Navy
Royal Academy
American War of Independence
Wapping
Lionel Cust
Dictionary of National Biography
National Maritime Museum
Ellis Waterhouse

categories: English male painters,British marine artists,18th-century English painters,1729 births,1784 deaths

paragraph: Francis Holman

paragraph: Francis Holman (1729–1784) was a British maritime painter, little recognised during his own lifetime, but whose paintings are now sought after. He is also notable as the teacher of Thomas Luny.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was born in Ramsgate and baptized on 14 November 1729 at St Laurence-in-Thanet, Ramsgate. He was the eldest son and second of six children of Francis Holman (1696–1739), and his wife, Anne Long (1707–1757). His father was a master mariner, and his grandfather a Ramsgate cooper. His younger brother, Captain John Holman (1733–1816), maintained the family shipping business and remained close to Francis throughout his life. Young Francis would certainly have been immersed in the maritime world during his up-bringing; the legacy of this early knowledge is a wealth of detail and accuracy in his later work.

paragraph: Francis Holman lived in at least five addresses in Wapping on the Thames in London. He married, firstly, Elizabeth, and they produced 3 sons; John (b. 1757), and two more sons, both named Francis, who died in infancy. Elizabeth's death is unrecorded, but on 7 May 1781 he married, secondly, Jane Maxted (c.1736–1790). He was apparently childless when he wrote his will in 1783.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: Holman's earliest works are portraits of ships, commonly commissioned for ships' captains. From 1767 to 1772 he exhibited eleven pictures at the Free Society of Artists, and he began to produce pictures of shipyards and the general life of maritime Britain in the late eighteenth century. By 1773 Holman had taken on Thomas Luny as an apprentice; Luny later became a major maritime painter in his own right.

paragraph: With the American War of Independence and the strong contemporary public interest in the Royal Navy, it was natural that Holman should turn his talents towards more patriotic themes. Between 1774 and 1784 he sent seventeen pictures, mostly of the Royal Navy or sea battles, for exhibition at the Royal Academy. His most notable painting of the American War of Independence is "The Moonlight Battle off Cape St Vincent, 16 January 1780" (shown right).

paragraph: Section::::Fate.

paragraph: Holman died in Wapping on 29 November 1784. Captain John Holman brought his body back to Ramsgate for burial on 4 December in Jane's family vault at St Laurence, where the vicar recorded his death as due to "lethargy".

paragraph: Section::::Artistic achievement.

paragraph: According to Lionel Cust in the "Dictionary of National Biography", Holman's work "met with unmerited neglect". More recently, his paintings have achieved good prices at auction and form significant collections at museums, not least the National Maritime Museum. His attention to detail and in-depth knowledge of his subject have left us with a valuable record of eighteenth century maritime life, and consequently his reputation as a major marine painter has grown. His importance as the teacher of Thomas Luny has also enhanced his reputation.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Dictionary of British Marine Painters", Arnold Wlison, A & C Black Publishers Ltd, 1970,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Dictionary of 18th Century British Painters", Ellis Waterhouse, published by Antique Collectors' Club Ltd, 1981,

description: British artist

wikidata_label: Francis Holman

wikipedia_title: Francis Holman


categories: Wrestlers at the 1962 Asian Games,World Wrestling Championships medalists,Olympic wrestlers of Japan,1940 births,Living people,Japanese male sport wrestlers,Olympic gold medalists for Japan,Medalists at the 1964 Summer Olympics,Wrestlers at the 1964 Summer Olympics,Medalists at the 1962 Asian Games,Wrestlers at the 1960 Summer Olympics,Kansai University alumni,Asian Games gold medalists for Japan,Olympic medalists in wrestling,Asian Games medalists in wrestling

paragraph: Masamitsu Ichiguchi

description: Olympic wrestler

wikidata_label: Masamitsu Ichiguchi

wikipedia_title: Masamitsu Ichiguchi


text:
Ethiopia
Solomonic dynasty
King Solomon
ancient Israel
Makeda
Queen of Sheba
Ark of the Covenant
Jerusalem
Kebra Nagast
Solomonic dynasty
Haile Selassie
Kings of Aksum
dynasty
Ethiopian Orthodox
Christianity
EC
Yekuno Amlak
Zagwe dynasty
Mahrem
laws of Moses
Menelik II of Ethiopia
Ark of the Covenant
Kebra Negast

categories: Emperors of Ethiopia,10th-century BC rulers,Ethiopian Jews,Solomon,Solomonic dynasty

paragraph: Menelik I

paragraph: Menelik I was the first emperor of Ethiopia and of Hebrew descent. Ruling in the 10th century BC, he established the inaugural Solomonic dynasty.

paragraph: Section::::Name.

paragraph: Called Bäynä Ləḥkəm in the "Kebra Nagast", Menelik I is also named Ibn al-Hakim (, , "Son of the Wise").

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Menelik I is traditionally believed to be the son of King Solomon of ancient Israel and Makeda, the Queen of Sheba (ancient Ethiopia).

paragraph: Section::::Rule.

paragraph: He is alleged to have ruled around 950 BC, according to traditional sources. Tradition credits him with bringing the Ark of the Covenant to Ethiopia, following a visit to Jerusalem to meet his father upon reaching young adulthood.

paragraph: According to the "Kebra Nagast" account, King Solomon had intended on sending one son of each of his nobles and one son of each temple priest with Menelik upon his return to his mother's kingdom. He is supposed to have had a replica made of the Ark of the Covenant for them to take with them. Upon the death of his mother Queen Makeda, Menelik assumed the throne with the new title of Emperor and "King of Kings of Ethiopia".

paragraph: Section::::Dynasty.

paragraph: According to legend, Menelik I founded the Solomonic dynasty of Ethiopia that ruled Ethiopia with few interruptions for close to three thousand years. This ended 225 generations later, with the deposition of Emperor Haile Selassie in 1974.

paragraph: Section::::Medieval record.

paragraph: The medieval incarnation of the alleged "Solomonic dynasty" did not come into power until 1262 AD, claiming descent from the Kings of Aksum. The dynasty, a bastion of Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, came to rule Ethiopia on 10 Nehasé 1262 AD EC (August 10, AD 1270) when Yekuno Amlak overthrew the last ruler of the Zagwe dynasty Yilma. Their predecessors, the Zagwe dynasty, were said not to be of "the house of Israel" (i.e. of Solomon and Menelik). The claims of descent of the Aksumite kings preceding the Zagwe dynasty are uncertain, though early pagan inscriptions denote the King as "son of the unconquerable [god] Mahrem", while medieval Ethiopian sources ascribe them a similar claim of descent. This is consistent with the earliest records that testify that one half of Ethiopians followed the laws of Moses, while the other half worshipped pagan gods.

paragraph: Section::::Popular culture.

paragraph: A 2004 short documentary, "Menelik I", was filmed in Ethiopia. It tells the story of the son of the Queen of Sheba through tableau images and music.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Menelik II of Ethiopia (1844–1913)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ark of the Covenant

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kebra Negast

description: Emperor of Ethiopia

wikidata_label: Melnikk I

wikipedia_title: Menelik I


text: Taoist

text: Eastern Han dynasty

text: Linyi

text: Shandong

text: Book of Later Han

text: Emperor Shun of Han

text: Taiping Qingling Shu

text: Romance of the Three Kingdoms

text: Jiangdong

text: Sun Ce

text: Confucian

text: Dynasty Warriors 5

text: Dynasty Warriors 7

text: Da Qiao

text: Sun Jian

text: Shaw Brothers Studio

text: Xu Gong

text: Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms

text: Chen, Shou

text: Records of the Three Kingdoms

text: Fan, Ye

text: Book of the Later Han

text: Luo, Guanzhong

text: Romance of the Three Kingdoms

text: Pei, Songzhi

categories: 2nd-century births,Chinese spiritual writers,200 deaths,Han dynasty people related to the Three Kingdoms,Han dynasty Taoists

paragraph: Gan Ji

paragraph: Gan Ji (died 200) was a Taoist priest who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Gan Ji was from Langya Commandery (琅琊郡), which is around present-day Linyi, Shandong.

paragraph: According to the "Book of Later Han", during the reign of Emperor Shun of Han ( 125–144), Gong Chong (宮崇), one of Gan Ji's disciples, submitted the "Taiping Qingling Shu" (太平清領書) to the emperor.

paragraph: Some believe that the character Yu Ji (于吉) in the 14th-century historical novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is a misspelling of Gan Ji. In the novel, Yu Ji wandered around the Jiangdong region, chatting with soldiers and civilians, making everyone believe that he was a magician and healer. The warlord of Jiangdong, Sun Ce, heard of Yu Ji's magic and grew suspicious of him, thinking that he was casting spells on people. Sun Ce accused Yu Ji of sorcery and had him executed. However, Yu Ji's spirit returned to haunt Sun Ce and eventually caused him to die from shock.

paragraph: Many historians reject the account of Yu Ji/Gan Ji and Sun Ce, suggesting that it is propaganda or merely fiction. Reasons for this include Gan Ji's previously recorded activities (which would have made Gan Ji quite old by the time he met Sun Ce). Only a select few historical texts mention Yu Ji being killed by Sun Ce. Of those that do, Yu Ji is not necessarily portrayed as an innocent victim; rather, in the "Jiangbiao Zhuan" (江表傳), Sun Ce believes that Yu Ji is misleading the people (Sun Ce was a strict Confucian).

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: In the video games "Dynasty Warriors 5" and "Dynasty Warriors 7", there is a stage is based on Sun Ce's confrontation with Yu Ji, a fictional event. In the stage Sun Ce has to fight Yu Ji clones, as well as a Da Qiao and Sun Jian clone.

paragraph: The 1983 Hong Kong film "The Weird Man" by the Shaw Brothers Studio is loosely based on the story of Yu Ji and Sun Ce. Yu Ji was put to death by Sun Ce and he later comes back as a ghost and wreaks havoc on Sun Ce for revenge by possessing his army and his wife. He also helped Sun Ce kill Xu Gong while killing Sun Ce in the process. In this film, he is seen as the hero while Sun Ce is portrayed as the anti-hero. "The Weird Man" was remade in 1993 as "Ninja in Ancient China".

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chen, Shou (3rd century). "Records of the Three Kingdoms" ("Sanguozhi").

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fan, Ye (5th century). "Book of the Later Han" ("Houhanshu").

paragraph: BULLET::::- Luo, Guanzhong (14th century). "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" ("Sanguo Yanyi").

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pei, Songzhi (5th century). "Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms" ("Sanguozhi zhu").

description: Chinese spiritualist

wikidata_label: Gan Ji

wikipedia_title: Gan Ji


text: Ojibwe

text: Ojibwe

text: Ojibwe

text: Wisconsin Historical Society

text: Chief "Nenaa'angebi" (Beautifying Bird)

text: doodem

text: Rice Lake, Wisconsin

text: Treaty of La Pointe

text: war paint

text: Mdewakanton

text: Chief "Shák'pí"

text: Taylors Falls, Minnesota

text: Union Army

text: American Civil War

text: Chippewa Indian Chiefs and Leaders

categories: 1919 deaths,People from Wisconsin,Year of birth unknown,Ojibwe people,Great Lakes tribal culture,Native American women in warfare,Native American history of Wisconsin

paragraph: Hanging Cloud

paragraph: Hanging Cloud (known in Ojibwe as Aazhawigiizhigokwe meaning "Goes Across the Sky Woman" or as Ashwiyaa meaning "Arms oneself") was an Ojibwe woman who was a full warrior ("ogichidaakwe" in Ojibwe) among her people, and claimed by the Wisconsin Historical Society as the only woman to ever become one. She was the daughter of Chief "Nenaa'angebi" (Beautifying Bird) and his wife "Niigi'o". "Aazhawigiizhigokwe" was of the "Makwa-doodem" (Bear Clan), and was born and lived most of her life at Rice Lake, Wisconsin. Her community became part of the Lac Courte Oreilles Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians after the 1854 Treaty of La Pointe.

paragraph: According to Morse, "Aazhawigiizhigokwe" wore war paint, carried full weapons, and took part in battles, raids and hunting parties. She was a full member of the war council, performed war dances, and participated in all warrior ceremonies. Shortly after father's death in 1855, her village was ambushed by her Mdewakanton uncle, Chief "Shák'pí". In this ambush, she defended her village and killed a son of Chief "Shák'pí", her cousin. Armstrong recorded how she was very proud of that period of her life.

paragraph: "Aazhawigiizhigokwe" was married three times: all to non-Native Americans. Her first marriage was to Taylors Falls, Minnesota lumberman Joe Koveo. A daughter was born from this marriage, "Ogimaabinesiikwe", known as Julia Quaderer, after she married John Quaderer, Jr. However, Koveo was already married and abandoned "Aazhawigiizhigokwe" shortly after their marriage ceremony. Her next marriage was to Rice Lake's first mayor, James Bracklin. Three children were born from this union: Nellie, Thomas, and James, Jr. Bracklin left Aazhawigiizhigokwe for a white woman, Minnie Russell. "Aazhawigiizhigokwe"'s last marriage was to lumberman Samuel Barker, which produced two children, Mary and Edward. Barker also left "Aazhawigiizhigokwe" for a white woman. In her later years, "Aazhawigiizhigokwe" lived in the Whitefish community of the Lac Courte Oreilles Reservation with son Thomas Bracklin.

paragraph: "Aazhawigiizhigokwe" was the sister of "Waabikwe" (the grey haired), who according to Benjamin Armstrong, became the wife of Edward Dingley in 1857, and had a son. Her husband served in the Union Army during the American Civil War but when assumed dead, she remarried. After the War, when her first husband returned to Wisconsin and heard of his wife's remarriage, they made arrangements to meet with each other and agreed to let her maintain her second marriage. She died in 1919.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hanging Cloud (Chippewa Princess) - Ojibwa" by Julia White

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chippewa Indian Chiefs and Leaders

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Armstrong, Benjamin. "Early Life Among the Indians: Reminiscences from the life of Benjamin G. Armstrong". T.P. Wentworth (Ashland, WI: 1891).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Morse, Richard E. "The Chippewas of Lake Superior" in "Wisconsin Historical Society Collections", v. III, pp. 349–354

paragraph: BULLET::::- Redix, Erik M. "The Murder of Joe White: Ojibwe Leadership and Colonialism in Wisconsin". East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 2014.

description: Ojibwe female warrior

wikidata_label: Hanging Cloud

wikipedia_title: Hanging Cloud


text: Companions

text: Islamic prophet

text: Muhammad

text: Rashidun Army

text: Rashid

text: Caliph

text: Umar

text: Caliphate

text: Quraysh

text: Mecca

text: God

text: Abu Bakr

text: migration to Abyssinia

text: Ethiopia

text: Muslim

text: migrated from Mecca

text: Medina

text: Muhajir

text: Ansari

text: Muhammad ibn Maslamah

text: Battle of Badr

text: Abdullah ibn al-Jarrah

text: Quran

text: Battle of Uhud

text: Khalid ibn al-Walid

text: Battle of the Trench

text: Invasion of Banu Qurayza

text: Tha'libah

text: Anmar

text: Treaty of Hudaybiyyah

text: Khaybar

text: conquered Mecca

text: Battle of Hunayn

text: Siege of Ta'if

text: Tabuk

text: Battle of Tabouk

text: Christian

text: Najran

text: Islamic law

text: Bahrain

text: 'Amr ibn al-'As

text: Expedition of Abu Ubaidah ibn al Jarrah

text: matter of his succession

text: Saqifah

text: Banu Sa'ida

text: Ridda wars

text: Iraq

text: Levant

text: Emessa

text: Tabuk region

text: Sharjeel ibn Hassana

text: Syria

text: Ghassanid

text: Bosra

text: Battle of Bosra

text: Byzantine

text: Jerusalem

text: Byzantine army

text: Battle of Ajnadayn

text: Damascus

text: Battle of Yakusa

text: battle of Maraj-al-Safar

text: besieged the city

text: Emperor

text: Heraclius

text: Battle of Sanita-al-Uqab

text: investing

text: Bab al-Jabiya

text: Eastern Gate

text: Beqaa Valley

text: Antioch

text: Battle of Maraj-al-Debaj

text: conquest of Syria

text: Zahlé

text: Beirut

text: Christian Arab

text: Battle of Abu-al-Quds

text: Palestine

text: Pella

text: sea level

text: Arabia

text: Battle of Fahl

text: Jordan

text: Lebanon

text: Theodore Trithyrius

text: mobile guard

text: Battle of Maraj-al-Rome

text: cavalry

text: second battle of Damascus

text: Baalbek

text: Jupiter

text: Chalcis

text: Hama

text: Maarrat al-Nu'man

text: Turkey

text: besieged Emesa

text: council of war

text: Jabiya

text: Yarmouk River

text: Jabalah ibn al-Aiham

text: Jerusalem surrendered

text: Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan

text: Anatolia

text: Armenia

text: Asia

text: Battle of Hazir

text: siege to Aleppo

text: Azaz

text: Aleppo

text: Battle of Iron Bridge

text: Constantinople

text: Tartus

text: Anti-Lebanon mountains

text: Kızıl River

text: Edessa

text: Al-Jazira

text: capturing Marash

text: Munbij

text: Cilician Gates

text: Battle of al-Qādisiyyah

text: Iyad ibn Ghanm

text: Amida

text: Malatya

text: Ararat

text: buffer zone

text: no man's land

text: caravans

text: dinar

text: Muadh ibn Jabal

text: janaza

text: Muadh bin Jabal

text: Amin

text: Ummah

text: `Abd Allah ibn `Umar

text: sahaba

text: ten companions of Muhammad who were promised paradise

text: Ubaydah Bin Al Jarrah Air Base

text: Kut

text: Iraq

text: Al-Jarrah

text: Lebanon

text: Ali

text: Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas

text: Sunni view of the Sahaba

text: List of expeditions of Muhammad

text: Ameen ul Ummah Hazrat Abu Ubaidah Bin Jarrah

text: Abu Ubaidah

categories: 7th-century deaths from plague (disease),Arab people of the Arab–Byzantine wars,7th-century Arabs,People of the Muslim conquest of the Levant,Male Sahabah,639 deaths,Generals of the Rashidun Caliphate,Converts to Islam,583 births

image: 512px-تخطيط_اسم_أبو_عبيدة_بن_الجراح.png

paragraph: Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah

paragraph: Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah, fully Abū ‘Ubaydah ‘Āmir ibn ‘Abdillāh ibn al-Jarāḥ (; 583–639 CE), was one of Companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Mostly known for being one of the "Ten Promised Paradise". He remained commander of a large section of the Rashidun Army during the time of the Rashid Caliph Umar and was on the list of Umar's appointed successors to the Caliphate.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Abu Ubaidah was born in the year 583 CE in the house of 'Abdullah ibn al-Jarrah, a merchant by profession. Abu Ubaidah belonged to the Qurayshi clan of Banu al-Harith ibn Fihr. Before embracing Islam, he was considered to be one of the nobles of the Quraysh and was famous among the Quraysh of Mecca for his modesty and bravery.

paragraph: Section::::Conversion to Islam.

paragraph: By 611, Muhammad was preaching the oneness of God to the people of Mecca. He began by inviting his closest companions and relatives in private to the way of Islam. He embraced Islam a day after Abu Bakr in the year 611 at the age of 28.

paragraph: Section::::Migration to Abyssinia.

paragraph: Abu Ubaidah lived through the harsh experience that the Muslims went through in Mecca from beginning to end. With other early Muslims, he endured the insults and oppressions of the Quraysh. As the first migration to Abyssinia (Ethiopia) succeeded, this violence against the Muslims was very successful.

paragraph: Section::::Migration to Medina.

paragraph: In 623 CE, when Muhammad migrated from Mecca to Medina, Abu Ubaidah also migrated. When Muhammad arrived in Medina, he paired off each immigrant (Muhajir) with one of the residents of Medina (Ansari), joining Muhammad ibn Maslamah with Abu Ubaidah making them brothers in faith. The Muslims remained in peace in Medina for about a year before the Quraysh raised an army to attack Medina.

paragraph: Section::::Military campaigns during Muhammad's era.

paragraph: Section::::Military campaigns during Muhammad's era.:Battle of Badr and Uhud.

paragraph: In the year 624, Abu Ubaidah participated in the first major battle between the Muslims and the Quraysh of Mecca, at the Battle of Badr. In this battle, he fought his own father Abdullah ibn al-Jarrah, who was fighting alongside the army of Quraysh. Abu Ubaidah then later on attacked him and killed him.

paragraph: The following verse of the Quran was written about this display of character by Abu 'Ubaidah:

paragraph: In the year 625, he participated in the Battle of Uhud. In the second phase of the battle, when Khalid ibn al-Walid's cavalry attacked the Muslims from the rear, changing an Islamic victory into defeat, the bulk of the Muslim soldiers were routed from the battlefield, and few remained steadfast. Abu Ubaidah was one of them and he guarded Muhammad from the attacks of the Qurayshi soldiers. On that day, Abu Ubaidah lost two of his front teeth while trying to extract two links of Muhammad's armour that had penetrated into his cheeks.

paragraph: Section::::Military campaigns during Muhammad's era.:Conflict with Jewish tribes.

paragraph: Later in the year 627 he took part in the Battle of the Trench and also in the Invasion of Banu Qurayza. He was also made commander of a small expedition that set out to attack and destroy the tribes of Tha'libah and Anmar, who were plundering nearby villages.

paragraph: In the year 628 he participated in Treaty of Hudaybiyyah and was made one of the witnesses over the pact. Later in the same year, he was a part of the Muslim campaign to Khaybar.

paragraph: Section::::Military campaigns during Muhammad's era.:Campaigns during end of Muhammad's era.

paragraph: In the year 630, when the Muslim army conquered Mecca, Abu Ubaidah was commanding one of the four divisions that entered the city from four different routes. Later that year, he participated in the Battle of Hunayn and the Siege of Ta'if. He was also part of the Tabuk campaign under the command of Muhammad himself. On their return from the Battle of Tabouk, a Christian delegation from Najran arrived in Medina and showed interest in Islam and asked Muhammad to send them a person to guide them in the matters of religion and in other tribal affairs according to Islamic laws, Abu Ubaidah was appointed by Muhammad to go with them. He was also sent as the tax collector () to Bahrain by Muhammad. He was present in Mecca when Muhammad died in 632.

paragraph: Section::::Military campaigns during Muhammad's era.:Campaigns as commander.

paragraph: In the year 629 Muhammad sent 'Amr ibn al-'As to Daat al-Salaasil from where he called for reinforcements, this was known as the Expedition of Abu Ubaidah ibn al Jarrah. Muhammad sent Abu Ubaidah in command of an army that included Abu Bakr and Umar. They attacked and defeated the enemy. Later in the same year, another expedition was sent under his command to locate the routes of Qurayshi caravans.

paragraph: Section::::During Abu Bakr's era.

paragraph: When Muhammad died in 632 the matter of his succession took place at the Saqifah of Banu Sa'ida, Abu Ubaidah was there along with Abu Bakr and Umar. Umar said to Abu Ubaidah to stretch forth his hand for the caliphate, but he refused and said to Abu Bakr to stretch forth his hand to take the pledge of alliance. After the Ridda wars when Abu Bakr sent Khalid ibn al-Walid to Iraq to conquer it, he sent four Muslim armies into the Levant, making Abu Ubaidah commander of one of them. His target was selected to be Emessa and he was ordered to move through the Tabuk region after the army of Sharjeel ibn Hassana.

paragraph: He remained commander in chief of the Muslim army until Khalid ibn al-Walid arrived from Iraq to Syria in 634. Abu Ubaidah was ordered by Khalid ibn al-Walid to remain where he was until Khalid ibn al-Walid reached the Ghassanid city of Bosra, where they met. The castle surrendered the city after the Battle of Bosra in mid July 634 and 130 Muslims died in the battle.

paragraph: Soon the Muslims heard of a gathering of 90,000 Byzantine army (Eastern Roman army) at Ajnadayn, about southwest of Jerusalem. All the divisions of the Muslim army, about 32,000 in number, joined Khalid at Ajnadayn on 24 July 634. Under the command of Khalid ibn al-Walid the Muslims defeated the Byzantine army there on 30 July 634 at the Battle of Ajnadayn. After one week, Abu Ubaidah, along with Khalid, moved towards Damascus. On their way to Damascus, they defeated another Byzantine army at the Battle of Yakusa in mid-August 634. Caloiis and Azrail, the governor of Damascus, led another army to stop Khalid's corps but they were also defeated in the battle of Maraj-al-Safar on 19 August 634.

paragraph: The next day the Muslims reached Damascus and besieged the city, which continued for 30 days. After defeating the Byzantine reinforcements sent by Emperor Heraclius at the Battle of Sanita-al-Uqab, from Damascus, Khalid's forces attacked and entered the city. With Khalid's divisions investing the city from the northeast, Thomas, the purported son-in-law of the Emperor Heraclius, surrendered the city to Ubaidah, who was besieging the Bab al-Jabiya (Jabiya Gate), on 19 September 634.

paragraph: Abu Ubaidah was appointed by Khalid ibn al-Walid to siege the Jabiya Gate of Damascus. It was Abu Ubaidah who gave peace to Damascus after Khalid ibn al-Walid attacked the city and conquered it by force. Abu Ubaidah, Sharjeel ibn Hassana and 'Amr ibn al-'As, unaware of Khalid's attack from the Eastern Gate, gave peace to them, which was reluctantly endorsed by Khalid. The Byzantine army was given a cease fire of three days and allowed to go as far as they could with their families and treasure. Others simply agreed to stay at Damascus and pay tribute. The Muslims controlled the road to Emessa, so the Byzantines went west and then north up the Beqaa Valley. After the three-day truce was over, the Muslim cavalry, under Khalid's command, pursued the Byzantine column via the shorter Emessa road and caught them in the northwest Beqaa Valley, just before they entered the mountains en route to Antioch at the Battle of Maraj-al-Debaj.

paragraph: Section::::During Umar's era.

paragraph: Section::::During Umar's era.:Appointment as Supreme Commander.

paragraph: On 22 August 634, Caliph Abu Bakr died and Umar became caliph. Umar relieved Khalid ibn al-Walid from the command of the Islamic army and appointed Abu Ubaidah as the new commander. This was done to dispel the impression that the victories were due to Khalid. Moreover, Khalid was an overtly generous person, who according to some would often waste his money in giving gifts to his soldiers as a reward for their bravery in the battles. After Abu Ubaidah's appointment, Khalid said, "O people, the custodian of the Ummah has been appointed over you." This remark was in the light of the Prophet's saying, "There is a custodian for every Ummah and Abu Ubaidah is the custodian for this Ummah."

paragraph: Due to different style of commands, there was a slowdown in the pace of operations, as Abu Ubaida moved slowly and steadily, in contrast to Khalid who is said to rush 'like a tornado from battle to battle'; using surprise, audacity and brute force to win his battles. The conquest of Syria continued under the new commander. Abu Ubaida used to rely heavily on the advice of Khalid, whom he kept with him as much as possible.

paragraph: Section::::During Umar's era.:Conquest of central Levant.

paragraph: Soon after the appointment of Abu-Ubaidah as commander in chief, he sent a small detachment to the annual fair held at Abu-al-Quds, modern day Abla, near Zahlé; east of Beirut. There was a Byzantine and Christian Arab garrison guarding that fair, the size of the garrison was miscalculated by the Muslim informants and it quickly encircled the small Muslim detachment. Before it would have been completely destroyed, Abu Ubaidah, having received new intelligence, sent Khalid to rescue the Muslim army. Khalid reached there and defeated them in the Battle of Abu-al-Quds on 15 October 634 and returned with tons of looted booty from the fair and hundreds of Byzantine prisoners.

paragraph: With central Syria captured, the Muslims has given a decisive blow to the Byzantines. The communication between northern Syria and Palestine was now cut off. Abu Ubaidah decided to march to Fahl (Pella), which is about below sea level, and where a strong Byzantine garrison and survivors of Battle of Ajnadayn were present. The region was crucial because from here the Byzantine army could strike eastwards and cut the communications line with Arabia. Moreover, with this large garrison at the rear, Palestine could not be invaded.

paragraph: Thus the Muslim army moved to Fahl. The Byzantine army was eventually defeated at the Battle of Fahl on 23 January 635 A.D.

paragraph: Section::::During Umar's era.:Battles for Emesa and the second battle of Damascus.

paragraph: After the battle, which would prove to be a key to Palestine and Jordan, the Muslim armies split up. Sharjeel and Amr's corps moved south to capture Palestine. Meanwhile, Abu Ubaidah and Khalid with a relatively larger corps moved north through Lebanon to conquer Lebanon and northern Syria.

paragraph: While the Muslims were occupied at Fahl, Heraclius, sensing the opportunity, quickly sent an army under General Theodore Trithyrius to recapture Damascus, where a small Muslim garrison had been left. Shortly after Heraclius dispatched this new army, the Muslims having finished the business at Fahl, were on their way to Emesa. The Byzantine army met the Muslims half way to Emesa, at Maraj-al-Rome. During the night Theodras sent half of his army towards Damascus to launch a surprise attack on the Muslim garrison

paragraph: Khalid's spy informed him about the move, Khalid having received permission from Abu Ubaidah, galloped towards Damascus with his mobile guard. While Abu Ubaidah fought and defeated the Byzantine army in the Battle of Maraj-al-Rome, Khalid moved to Damascus with his cavalry and attacked and defeated Theodras in the second battle of Damascus.

paragraph: A week later, Abu Ubaida himself moved towards Baalbek (Heliopolis), where the great Temple of Jupiter stood. Baalbek surrendered to Muslim rule after little resistance and agreed to pay tribute. Abu Ubaidah sent Khalid straight towards Emesa.

paragraph: Emesa and Chalcis sued for peace for a year. Abu Ubaidah, accepted the offer and rather than invading the districts of Emesa and Chalcis, he consolidated his rule in conquered land and captured Hama, Maarrat al-Nu'man. The peace treaties were, however, on Heraclius's instructions, to lure the Muslims and to secure time for preparation of defenses of northern Syria (present day Lebanon, Syria and southern Turkey). Having mustered sizeable armies at Antioch, Heraclius sent them to reinforce strategically important areas of northern Syria, like Emesa and Chalcis. With the arrival of Byzantine army in the city, the peace treaty was violated, Abu Ubadiah and Khalid thus marched to Emesa, and a Byzantine army that halted Khalid's advance guard was defeated. The Muslims besieged Emesa which was finally conquered in March 636 after six months of siege.

paragraph: Section::::During Umar's era.:Battle of Yarmouk.

paragraph: After capturing Emesa, the Muslims moved north to capture whole of the northern Syria. Khalid, acting as an advance guard took his mobile guard to raid northern Syria. At Shaizer, Khalid intercepted a convoy taking provisions for Chalcis. The prisoners were interrogated and informed him about Emperor Heraclius' ambitious plan to take back Syria. They told him that an army, possibly 200,000 strong, would soon emerge to recapture their territory. Khalid stopped there. After his past experiences, Heraclius, now had been avoiding pitch battles with the Muslims. He planned to send massive reinforcements to all the major cities and isolate the Muslim corps from each other, and thus separately encircle and destroy the Muslim armies. Five massive armies were launched in June 636 to roll back Syria.

paragraph: Khalid, sensing Heraclius's plan, feared that the Muslim armies would be isolated and destroyed. In a council of war he suggested that Abu Ubaidah draw all the Muslim armies to one place so as to fight a decisive battle with the Byzantines. As per Khalid's suggestion, Abu Ubaidah ordered all the Muslim armies in Syria to evacuate the conquered land and concentrate at Jabiya. This maneuver gave a decisive blow to the Heraclius's plan, as he did not wish engage his troops in an open battle with the Muslims, where the light cavalry could be effectively used. From Jabiya, on Khalid's suggestion, Abu Ubaidah ordered the Muslim army to withdraw on the plain of the Yarmouk River, where cavalry could be used. While the Muslim armies were gathering at Yarmouk, Khalid intercepted and routed the Byzantine advance guard. This was to ensure the safe retreat of the Muslims from conquered land.

paragraph: The Muslim armies reached there in July 636. A week or two later, around mid July, the Byzantine army arrived. The Byzantine commander in chief, Vahan, sent Christian Arab troops of the Ghassanid king, Jabalah ibn al-Aiham, to check the strength of the Muslims. Khalid's mobile guard defeated and routed the Christian Arabs; this was the last action before the battle started. For the next month negotiations continued between the two armies, and Khalid went to meet Vahan in person at Byzantine camp. Meanwhile, the Muslims received reinforcements sent by Caliph Umar.

paragraph: Finally on 15 August, the Battle of Yarmouk was fought, it lasted for 6 days and ended in a devastating defeat for the Byzantines. The Battle of Yarmouk is considered to be one of the most decisive battles of history. It was the historic defeat that sealed the fate of Byzantines, the magnitude of defeat was so intense that Byzantine could never recover from it. It left whole of the Byzantine Empire vulnerable to the Muslim invaders. The battle was the greatest battle ever fought on Syrian soil till then and was a tactical marvel of Abu Ubaidah.

paragraph: Section::::During Umar's era.:Capturing Jerusalem.

paragraph: With the Byzantine army shattered and routed, the Muslims quickly recaptured the territory that they conquered prior to Yarmouk. Abu Ubaida held a meeting with his high command, including Khalid, to decide on future conquests. They decided to conquer Jerusalem. The Siege of Jerusalem lasted four months after which the city agreed to surrender, but only to caliph Umar in person. 'Amr ibn al-'As suggested that Khalid should be sent as caliph, because of his very strong resemblance to Umar. Khalid was recognized and eventually, Umar came and the Jerusalem surrendered on April 637. After Jerusalem, the Muslim armies broke up once again. Yazid's corps went to Damascus and captured Beirut. Amr and Shurahbil's corps went on to conquer the rest of Palestine, while Abu Ubaidah and Khalid, at the head of a 17,000 strong army moved north to conquer whole of the northern Syria.

paragraph: Abu Ubaida sent the commanders 'Amr ibn al-'As, Yazid ibn Abi Sufyan, and Shurahbil ibn Hassana back to their areas to reconquer them. Most of the areas submitted without a fight. Abu Ubaida himself, along with Khalid, moved to northern Syria once again to conquer them with a 17,000 strong army. Khalid along with his cavalry was sent to Hazir and Abu Ubaidah moved to Chalcis.

paragraph: Section::::During Umar's era.:Conquest of northern Syria.

paragraph: With Emesa already in hand, Abu Ubaidah and Khalid moved towards Chalcis, which was strategically the most significant Byzantine fort. Though Chalcis, the Byzantines would guard Anatolia, Heraclius's homeland Armenia and there the Asian zone's capital Antioch. Abu Ubaidah sent Khalid, with his elite cavalry, the mobile guard, towards Chalcis. The fort was guarded by the Greek troops under their commander, Menas, who was reported to be of high prestige, second only to the emperor himself. Menas, diverting from conventional Byzantine tactics, decided to face Khalid and destroy the leading elements of the Muslim army before the main body could join them at Hazir, east of Chalcis. This is known as the Battle of Hazir, which even forced Umar to praise Khalid's military genius. Umar is reported to have said:

paragraph: Abu Ubaidah soon joined Khalid at the virtually impregnable fort of Chalcis, which surrendered in June 637. With this strategic victory, the territory north of Chalcis lay open to the Muslims. Khalid and Abu Ubaidah continued their march northward and laid siege to Aleppo, which was captured after fierce resistance from desperate Byzantine troops in October 637. The next objective was the splendid city of Antioch, the capital of the Asian zone of the Byzantine Empire.

paragraph: Before marching towards Antioch, Khalid and Abu Ubaidah decided to isolate the city from Anatolia. Accordingly, they sent detachments north to eliminate all possible Byzantine forces and captured a garrison town, Azaz from Aleppo; from there the Muslims attacked Antioch on the eastern side. In order to save the empire from annihilation, a desperate battle was fought between the Muslim army and that of the defenders of Antioch, popularly known as Battle of Iron Bridge. The Byzantine army was composed of the survivors of Yarmouk and other Syrian campaigns. After being defeated, the Byzantines retreated to Antioch and the Muslims besieged the city. Having little hope of help from Emperor Herakleios, Antioch surrendered on 30 October 637, with the terms that all Byzantine troops would be given safe passage to Constantinople.

paragraph: Abu Ubaidah sent Khalid northwards, while he marched south and captured Lazkia, Jabla, Tartus and the coastal areas west of Anti-Lebanon mountains. Khalid moved north and raided territory up to the Kızıl River (Kızılırmak) in Anatolia. Emperor Heraclius had already left Antioch for Edessa before the arrival of the Muslims. He arranged for the necessary defenses in Al-Jazira and Armenia and left for his capital Constantinople. On his way to Constantinople he had a narrow escape when Khalid, after the capturing Marash, was heading south towards Munbij. Heraclius hastily took the mountainous path and, passing through the Cilician Gates, is reported to have said:

paragraph: With the devastating defeat at Yarmouk his empire was extremely vulnerable to Muslim invasion. With few military resources left he was no longer in a position to attempt a military come back in Syria. To gain time for the preparations of the defense of the rest of his empire, Heraclius needed the Muslims occupied in Syria. He sought help of the Christian Arabs of Al-Jazira who mustered up a large army and marched against Emesa, Abu Ubaidah's headquarters. Abu Ubaidah withdrew all his forces from northern Syria to Emesa, and the Christian Arabs laid siege to the city. Khalid was in favour of an open battle outside the fort, but Abu Ubaidah rather sent the matter to Umar, who handled it brilliantly. Umar sent detachments of the Muslim army from Iraq to invade Al-Jazira, homeland of the invading Christian Arabs, from three different routes. Moreover, another detachment was sent to Emesa from Iraq under Qa’qa ibn Amr, a veteran of Yarmouk who was sent to Iraq for the Battle of al-Qādisiyyah. Umar himself marched from Medina at the head of 1,000 men. The Christian Arabs, when they received the news of the Muslim invasion of their homeland, abandoned the siege and hastily withdrew to Al-Jazira. At this point Khalid and his mobile guard came out of the fort and devastated the army, attacking them from the rear.

paragraph: Section::::During Umar's era.:Campaigns in Armenia and Anatolia.

paragraph: After the battle Umar ordered the conquest of Al-Jazira, which was completed by late summer 638 A.D. Following the victory, Abu Ubaidah sent Khalid and Iyad ibn Ghanm (conqueror of Al-Jazira) to invade the Byzantine territory north of Al-Jazira. They marched independently and captured Edessa, Amida (Diyarbakır), Malatya and whole of Armenia up to Ararat and raided northern and central Anatolia. Heraclius has already abandoned all the forts between Antioch and Tartus to create a buffer zone or no man's land between Muslim controlled areas and mainland Anatolia.

paragraph: Umar for the time being stopped his armies from further invasion deeper into Anatolia but rather ordered Abu Ubaidah, now the governor of Syria, to consolidate his rule in Syria. At this point, Umar is reported to have said:

paragraph: Due to the dismissal of Khalid from the army and a famine and plague the next year, the Muslim armies were kept from invading Anatolia. The expedition to Anatolia and Armenia marked the end of the military career of Khalid.

paragraph: Section::::The great famine.

paragraph: Later that year Arabia fell into a severe drought, and large sums of people began to perish from hunger and epidemic diseases alike, both resulting from the drought and its complications. Therefore, countless numbers of people (in the hundreds of thousands), from throughout Arabia, gathered at Medina as food was being rationed. Soon, Medina's food reserves declined to alarming levels; by this time, Caliph Umar had already written to the governors of his provinces requesting any relevant aid they might assist with. One such letter was rushed to Abu Ubaidah, who responded promptly:

paragraph: True to his assurance, Abu Ubaidah's caravans of food supplies were the first to reach Medina, with 4,000 camels arriving full of food. To handle the overwhelming amount, Umar appointed Abu Ubaidah to distribute this among the thousands of people living in the outskirts of Medina. Following Abu Ubaidah's generous aid and efforts, Umar provided 4,000 dinars as a modest stipend or token of appreciation which, he refused on the grounds that the deed was done for the sake of God.

paragraph: Section::::The great plague.

paragraph: Nine months had passed since the drought and a new problem had started brewing. The plague epidemic broke in Syria and western Iraq; it was most severe in Syria. When the news of plague broke Umar had been on his way for a tour of Syria but, he returned from the Syrian border as advised by his companions. Abu Ubaidah met him there and said:

paragraph: Umar was shocked by this and said in sorrow: "if only someone else would have said this other than you Abu Ubaidah" and then said:

paragraph: Umar returned from Syria because Muhammad once instructed that one should not enter the place where an epidemic is unless it is absolutely safe. So Abu Ubaidah returned to his army at Emesa. It was then that a plague hit the land of Syria, the like of which people had never experienced before. It devastated the population. As Caliph Umar wanted to make Abu Ubaidah his successor he didn't want him to remain there in the epidemic region. Umar dispatched a messenger to Abu Ubaidah with a letter saying:

paragraph: When Abu Ubaydah received Umar's letter, he said, '"I know why Umar needs me. He wants to secure the survival of someone who, however, is not eternal." So he wrote to Umar:

paragraph: When Caliph Umar read this letter tears filled his eyes and those who were with him asked, "Has Abu Ubaidah died?" he replied "No, but death is near to him.". Caliph Umar sent another messenger to him saying that if you are not coming back at least move to any highland with a less humid environment and Abu Ubaidah moved to Jabyia.

paragraph: Another reason why Abu Ubaydah did not leave Syria is because Muhammad once ordered that if a state is being hit by a plague, none from the state should escape and none from outside the state shall enter it(quarantine).

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: As soon as Abu Ubaidah moved to Jabyia he became afflicted with the plague. As death hung over him, he spoke to his army:

paragraph: He then appointed Muadh ibn Jabal as his successor and ordered him to lead people in prayers; after the prayers Muadh went to him and, at that moment, his soul departed.

paragraph: Muadh got up and said to the people:

paragraph: He died in 639 C.E. and was buried at Jabiya. It has been narrated that his janaza was led by Muadh bin Jabal.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: His appearance was striking, slim and tall and his face was bright and he had a sparse beard. It was pleasing to look at him and refreshing to meet him. He was extremely courteous and humble and quite shy. Yet in a tough situation he would become strikingly serious and alert. He was given the title "Amin" or Custodian of Muhammad's community (Ummah). `Abd Allah ibn `Umar once said about him:

paragraph: He chose to live a simple way of life, opting for the most modest of garments when compared to some of the other "sahaba" (companions of Muhammad). When, during the conquest of Jerusalem, Caliph Umar had come to Syria, he was met by Khalid ibn al-Walid and Yazid bin abu Sufyan; Caliph Umar dismounted from his camel and threw sand at them while admonishing them that "it has not been even a year since you have come out of the hunger and hard life of Arabia and you have forgotten all the simplicity when you saw the glamour of Syria's Emperors?" Both men were incidentally wearing better garments then they were previously accustomed; Khalid ibn al-Walid noted that beneath their clothes they were still sufficiently armed, indicating they were still accustomed to the practical ways of hard desert life, bringing some relief to the Caliph. Comparatively, Abu Ubaidah was also present, but had always maintained his humble dressing and way of life; Umar was pleased to see him, and that very evening, when Umar arrived at his home, he saw that Abu Ubaidah, a man made successful in the art of battle (earning him rights to much booty), had no possessions at home except one bed, a sword and a shield. Umar said to him:

paragraph: Christians of the Levant accepted Islam and were greatly inspired by Abu Ubaidah; all members of the two Christian tribes, Banu Tanookh and Banu Saleej, had accepted Islam after the conquest of the city of Qasreen. Moreover, there was much relief given by Abu Ubaidah to the non-Muslims living as his subjects in Syria. He is regarded by Muslims to be one of the ten companions of Muhammad who were promised paradise by God during their lifetime.

paragraph: The Ubaydah Bin Al Jarrah Air Base near Kut, Iraq is named after him.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Little is known about Abu Ubaidah's family. He had two wives. From his wife Hind bint Jabar he had his son Yazid and Ubaidah. From his wife Warja he had his son Umair, but all of them died in childhood. It is unknown if he had any daughters, but his male line of descendants is reported to be ended. In spite of this, the Al-Jarrah family in present-day Aligarh (in Uttar Pradesh of India), Jordan and Lebanon claim their descent from Abu Ubaidah and the family of Alqayem who are known to be Palestinian

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ali

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sa`d ibn Abi Waqqas

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sunni view of the Sahaba

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of expeditions of Muhammad

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ameen ul Ummah Hazrat Abu Ubaidah Bin Jarrah

paragraph: BULLET::::- www.youngmuslims.ca

paragraph: BULLET::::- Abu Ubaidah

description: Sahabah of Muhammad

wikidata_label: Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah

wikipedia_title: Abu Ubaidah ibn al-Jarrah


text:
Maastricht
singer
actress
industrial music
KMFDM
Lounge
Gare du Nord
theater
University of Amsterdam
jazz
Rotterdam Conservatory
Flemish
Rotterdam
Money
Angst
Nihil
Xtort
Boots (EP)
Attak
MySpace page

categories: Living people,21st-century Dutch singers,1975 births,21st-century women singers,Dutch actresses,Dutch female singers,Actors from Maastricht,University of Amsterdam alumni,Musicians from Maastricht

paragraph: Dorona Alberti

paragraph: Dorona Alberti (born 1975, Maastricht) is a singer and actress whose projects include: industrial music act KMFDM, Hobson, Fairocious, Old Shoes, Pick up the Pieces, Briskey, and most recently, the Dutch/Belgian Lounge group Gare du Nord.

paragraph: Section::::History.

paragraph: Alberti studied theater at and University of Amsterdam and jazz at Rotterdam Conservatory. She began working with KMFDM in 1992, and performed on most of the albums in the 1990s. In 1999, she had a role in a short Dutch-language Flemish film called "To Speak", which is available on a compilation DVD titled "10 jaar Leuven Kort".

paragraph: Alberti currently resides in Rotterdam.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: KMFDM

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Money" (1992)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Angst" (1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nihil" (1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Xtort" (1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Boots (EP)" (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Attak" (2002)

paragraph: Gare du Nord

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sex 'n' Jazz" (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Love For Lunch" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lilywhite Soul" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lifesexy" (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stronger!" (2015)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://web.archive.org/web/20050911143313/http://www.briskey.be/liveband.html

paragraph: BULLET::::- MySpace page

description: Dutch actress

wikidata_label: Dorona Alberti

wikipedia_title: Dorona Alberti


text: Nijmegen

text: The Legendary Pink Dots

text: The Tear Garden

text: Skinny Puppy

text: cEvin Key

text: Amanda Palmer

text: The Legendary Pink Dots

text: Steven Stapleton

text: side project

text: The Tear Garden

text: cEvin Key

text: Skinny Puppy

text: Mimir

text: Christoph Heemann

text: Jim O'Rourke

text: 48 Cameras

text: psychedelia

text: industrial

text: avant garde

text: experimental

text: electronic

text: art pop

text: folk

text: noise

text: music concrete

text: lyrics

text: mythos

text: Syd Barrett

text: Pink Floyd

text: Iannis Xenakis

text: The Beatles

text: Nurse With Wound

text: David Bowie

text: Brainticket

text: Can

text: The Residents

text: Magma

text: Throbbing Gristle

text: Twilight Circus

text: Philippe Petit

text: Amanda Palmer

text: Not Alone

text: Brainwaves

categories: Soleilmoon artists,The Legendary Pink Dots members,English male singers,British expatriates in the Netherlands,British experimental musicians,1954 births,Living people

paragraph: Edward Ka-Spel

paragraph: Edward Ka-Spel (born Edward Francis Sharp, 23 January 1954 in London) is an English singer/songwriter and musician residing in Nijmegen, Netherlands. He is best known for his work with the band The Legendary Pink Dots, which he co-founded. He is also known for his work on The Tear Garden with Skinny Puppy's cEvin Key. In 2017, he collaborated with Amanda Palmer on the album "I Can Spin a Rainbow".

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Edward Ka-Spel is best known as the lead singer, keyboard and electronics player, songwriter and co-founder of the band The Legendary Pink Dots, in which he was initially known as D'Archangel, Prophet Q'Sepel and other pseudonyms. He has also released numerous solo albums (initially featuring other members of the Legendary Pink Dots, and including contributions from Steven Stapleton), and has worked in various side projects, including The Tear Garden (with cEvin Key of Skinny Puppy), and Mimir (with Phil Knight, Christoph Heemann, Jim O'Rourke and others). He is now recording an album with 48 Cameras, "Songs from the marriage of heaven & hell" according to William Blake.

paragraph: Ka-Spel's solo albums range from abstract electronic noise to more traditional pop songs, incorporating diverse elements of psychedelia, industrial, avant garde, experimental electronic, art pop, classical music, folk (nursery songs), sampling, noise, collage, music concrete, etc. His lyrics have been described as mystically bizarre and ambiguous, and incorporate recurrent themes from his own personal mythos. Ka-Spel's songwriting has been compared to that of Syd Barrett and early Pink Floyd, though the artist describes the comparison as being a coincidence, not a direct influence. Ka-Spel has cited Iannis Xenakis, The Beatles, Nurse With Wound, David Bowie, Brainticket, Can, The Residents, Magma, and Throbbing Gristle as significant influences.

paragraph: Ka-Spel often appears on stage barefoot, wearing a long scarf and either pink or black optic glasses. Early in his career, he drew black lines on his face and arms, which Phil Knight has referred to as "his cracks", presumably as they resemble the cracked lines of a china doll, an image very present in his early albums.

paragraph: Section::::Discography (selected).

paragraph: Section::::Discography (selected).:Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1982) "Brighter Now"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1984) "Laugh, China Doll"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1985) "Eyes!, China Doll"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1986) "Chyekk, China Doll"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1987) "AaΔzhyd, China Doll"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1988) "Khataclimici, China Doll"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1991) "Tanith & the Lion Tree"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1995) "The Scriptures of Illumina"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1995) "The Textures of Illumina"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1995) "DNA LE DRAW D-KEE" (with Elke Skelter as DNA LE DRAW D-KEE)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1998) "The Blue Room"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2000) "Red Letters"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2001) "Absence of Evidence"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2001) "Caste O' Graye Skreeens"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2002) "O'er a Shalabast'r Tyde Strolt Ay"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2004) "Pieces Of ∞"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2005) "O Darkness! O Darkness!"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2005) "A Long Red Ladder to the Moon"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2005) "Fragments of Illumina"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2007) "Dream Logik Pt 1"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2008) "Dream Logik Pt 2"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2008) "The Painted River of Regrets"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2009) "The Whispering Wail" (with The Silverman)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2009) "Dream Loops"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2009) "Transmit Acoustique Abstraction Two" (with Armchair Migraine Journey)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2009) "Trapped in Amber"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2010) "Devascapes"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2010) "Red Sky at Night" (with Alena Boikova)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2010) "The Thirty Year Itch" (with The Silverman)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2010) "The Minus Touch"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2011) "A Pleasure Cruise Through 9 Dimensions"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2012) "This Saturated Land"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2012) "Ghost Logik"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2013) "Fire Island"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2013) "One Last Pose Before the Ruin"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2013) "800 Saints in a Day" (with the Twilight Circus)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2014) "Are You Receiving Us, Planet Earth?!" (with Philippe Petit)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2014) "Ghost Logik 2"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2015) "The Victoria Dimension"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2015) "Spectrescapes Vol. 2"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2015) "CybersKapes"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2016) "Spectrescapes Volume 3"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2017) "I Can Spin A Rainbow" (with Amanda Palmer)

paragraph: Section::::Discography (selected).:Singles and EPs.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1984) "Dance, China Doll"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1992) "The Char Char / Extracts from "The Inferno""

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1993) "Inferno / Illusion"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1996) "The Man Who Never Was"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1999) "Share The Day"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2000) "A Birth Marked Conspiracy"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2000) "Lactamase 01"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2001) "Meltdown"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2002) "Clara Rockmore's Dog"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2002) "090301"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2002) "Lilith and The Rose"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2005) "Happy New Year"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2008) "Dream Logik X (a small voyage in 3 parts)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2008) "Dream Logik 3333333333333"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2008) "Burning Church"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2012) "11.11.11.11"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2013) "The Patriot / Last Man Standing"

paragraph: Section::::Discography (selected).:Collections.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1989) "Perhaps We'll Only See A Thin Blue Line"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1990) "Lyvv, China Doll (cassette)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1993) "Lyvv, China Doll (CD)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1995) "Chyekk, China Doll / AaΔzhyd, China Doll"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1995) "Down in the City of Heartbreak and Needles"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1996) "Kowskijari"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1997) "The Carrion"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1998) "Down in the City of Heartbreak and Needles 2"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2000) "Needles Three"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2007) "Melancholics Anonymous"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2008) "Dream Logik Parts 1–3"

paragraph: Section::::Discography (selected).:Live albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1987) "Apples (Big!), China Doll"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2000) "Public Disturbance"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2000) "Angelus Obscuros (16-5-85)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2002) "Khalash Nykow, China Doll (4-4-86)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2005) "Live in Basel 2005" (with The Silverman)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2012) "Live at Bibliotheque Hergé, Paris 2005"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2012) "Live in Denver 19 May 2012" (with The Silverman)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2014) "The Greenhouse Effect" (with The Silverman and Nicoletta Stephanz)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2015) "Terremoto - Live In Chile 2008" (with The Silverman)

paragraph: Section::::Discography (selected).:Compilation appearances.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1985) "Atomic Roses" on "59 To 1 Cassette Nr. 6"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1986) "Jesus Wept" on "Is That You Santa Claus? Oscar's X-Mas Carols Vol. 3"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1987) "And The Lord Said, Rise" on "For Your Ears Only"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1992) "Hotel X" on "Mindfield"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1993) "The Colour Xhine" on "Tape A Break"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1995) "Dr. Blizz" on "The Gothic Compilation Part II"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1996) "The Forbidden Zone" on "Electrocity Vol. 7"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1996) "A Crack in Melancholy Space" on "A Blind Man's Gallery of Mirrors"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1997) "Atomic Roses 1995 (Pt. 1 & 2)" on "Globus And Decibel"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2002) "Burdon" on "Electrically Induced Vibrations"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2003) "Der Khataclimici 2" on "Lactamase Bonus Compilation"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2004) "Complex" on "See Beyond The Music"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2006) "Sticks & Stones (Version)" on "Not Alone"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2006) "Sepia" on "Brainwaves"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2010) "Elvis of the Modern World" on "The Year 25 / 25 Years Korm Plastics"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2010) "Yam With Babe" on "Transmit Acoustique Abstraction 1/2"

paragraph: BULLET::::- (2010) "The Bad Trip" on "Audiotron"

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.legendarypinkdots.org/interviews

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Terminal Kaleidoscope – official mail order service for The Legendary Pink Dots

alias:
Edward Francis Sharp
D'Archangel
Prophet Q'Sepel

description: British singer

wikidata_label: Edward Ka-Spel

wikipedia_title: Edward Ka-Spel


text:
jazz
Wisconsin College Conservatory of Music
University of Wisconsin
Chet Baker
Peter Washington
Louis Hayes
Slide Hampton
One for All
Charlie Parker
Eric Alexander
Temple of Olympic Zeus
Javon Jackson
Jesse van Ruller
Official site
One for All at AllMusic

categories: Wisconsin Conservatory of Music alumni,Chesky Records artists,American jazz pianists,Living people,1958 births,21st-century male musicians,American male pianists,20th-century American pianists,Musicians from Milwaukee,Male jazz musicians,20th-century male musicians,21st-century American pianists

paragraph: David Hazeltine

paragraph: David Perry Hazeltine (born October 27, 1958) is an American jazz pianist, composer, arranger, and educator.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Hazeltine was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on October 27, 1958. He began studying the piano at the age of nine, and first performed professionally when he was thirteen. He attended the Wisconsin College Conservatory of Music from 1976 to 1979.

paragraph: Section::::Later life and career.

paragraph: Section::::Later life and career.:1980–1992.

paragraph: Hazeltine worked around Chicago, Minneapolis, and Milwaukee, and was the regular pianist for the Milwaukee Jazz Gallery. He obtained a BA from the University of Wisconsin in 1991. After performing with Chet Baker at the Milwaukee Jazz Gallery, the trumpeter suggested he should move to New York City, which he did in 1981. After two years, "domestic considerations prompted a return to his home town". He returned to the Wisconsin College Conservatory of Music, and was the chairman of the jazz department from 1985 to 1992. In 1992, he returned to New York.

paragraph: Section::::Later life and career.:1993–present.

paragraph: In New York, Hazeltine led a trio that included Peter Washington on bass and Louis Hayes on drums. He also worked with the Carnegie Hall Jazz Band, Slide Hampton's big band, and the group One for All. His first solo album, "Four Flights Up", appeared in 1995.

paragraph: He has spent time composing, but has stated that he does not find it easy. Although he is a pianist, he feels influenced more by saxophonists, particularly Charlie Parker.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As sideman.

paragraph: With Eric Alexander

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Temple of Olympic Zeus" (HighNote, 2007)

paragraph: With Javon Jackson

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sugar Hill: The Music of Duke Ellington and Billy Strayhorn" (Chesky)

paragraph: With Jesse van Ruller

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Here and There" (Criss Cross, 2002)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official site

paragraph: BULLET::::- One for All at AllMusic

description: American musician

wikidata_label: David Hazeltine

wikipedia_title: David Hazeltine


text:
Kauai
snowboarder
Winter X Games XVII

wikipedia_title:
Kauai
Snowboarding
Winter X Games XVII

categories: American female snowboarders,Sportspeople from Hawaii,Olympic snowboarders of the United States,1989 births,Snowboarders at the 2006 Winter Olympics,Sportspeople from California,Snowboarders at the 2010 Winter Olympics,X Games athletes,Living people,People from Kauai County, Hawaii

paragraph: Elena Hight

paragraph: Elena Hight (born August 17, 1989, in Kauai) is an American Olympic snowboarder.

paragraph: In May 2012, while training with the U.S. snowboard team in Mammoth, California, Hight became the first woman to land a double backside alley-oop rodeo in a halfpipe.

paragraph: On January 26, 2013, at Winter X Games XVII, Hight became the first snowboarder to land a double backside alley-oop rodeo during a halfpipe competition.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ESPN Body Issue

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oxygen Magazine

paragraph: BULLET::::- B4BC Cookbook collaboration

paragraph: BULLET::::- Women's Sports Foundation partnership

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ElenaHight.com

description: American snowboarder

wikidata_label: Elena Hight

wikipedia_title: Elena Hight


text:
Yves Boisset
Tonkin
Louis XV
Toulouse
Lyon
French Resistance
Laives
Georges Fenech

categories: 1975 deaths,1923 births,French Resistance members,Assassinated judges

paragraph: François Renaud

paragraph: François Renaud (5 March 1923, – 3 July 1975) was a French judge whose murder in 1975 led to much speculation, but was never solved. He was the first judge in France to have been assassinated since World War II. His death inspired the French film "Le Juge Fayard dit Le Shériff" (1977), directed by Yves Boisset.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Renaud was born in Hao Giang, Tonkin, Vietnam. The son of a doctor, and descendant of an aristocratic lineage one of whom was physician to King Louis XV, he studied first in Toulouse and then in Lyon, before joining the French Resistance in Laives in 1943. After the war, he served in the colonies before returning to Lyon in 1966, where he was appointed principal judge of the "palais de justice" in 1972. He was married with two sons.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: He was shot with three bullets from a Geco.38 special (two into the neck at close range) by three killers in a car on 3 July 1975 at 2:42 in the morning, before his house, "la Vigie", located at 89 montée de l'Observance, in 9th arrondissement of Lyon. The crime was investigated by Georges Fenech. The killers have never been formally identified though strong suspicions exist.

paragraph: His tomb, located in the cemetery of Père-Lachaise, was desecrated in April 2007.

description: French judge

wikidata_label: François Renaud

wikipedia_title: François Renaud


text: scholar-bureaucrat

text: Joseon Dynasty

text: Park Ji-won

text: Silhak

text: Crown Prince Hyomyeong

text: Gwageo

text: Pak Yung-hio

text: Kim Okgyun

text: King Gojong

text: Queen Sinjeong

text: King Munjo

text: Pyongan

text: "General Sherman" incident

text: Keupsa Gate

text: adjutant-general

text: Tongzhi Emperor

text: OCLC 60931394

text: Bak Gyusu

text: "서양 오랑캐가 중국 문명에 감화될 것이니…"

text: “한국 첫 개화사상가 오경석 아닌 박규수”

text: 이 남자, 네 가지로 모든 걸 해결했다

categories: Korean politicians,Neo-Confucianism,Joseon Dynasty people,Korean philosophers,Korean scholars,Joseon Dynasty politicians,Korean educators,Korean Confucianists,19th-century Korean people,Korean diplomats,1807 births,1877 deaths,Joseon Dynasty writers

paragraph: Bak Gyusu

paragraph: Bak Gyusu (박규수, 朴珪壽, 1807–1877) was a scholar-bureaucrat, teacher, politician, and a diplomat of the Joseon Dynasty. He was known as a pioneer of the enlightenment group. Bak Gyusu was a grandson of Park Ji-won, the great Silhak scholar of the Joseon. His nickname was Hwanjae (환재, 瓛齋), Hwanjae (환재, 桓齋) en Heonjae (헌재, 獻齋), Hwanjaegeosa (환재거사 瓛齋居士).

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: In 1827, Bak Gyusu met Crown Prince Hyomyeong, who quickly became a trusted friend. The Crown Prince would often ask Bak for his thoughts on the delicate political and social issues of the day. When the Crown Prince died three years later at the age of 20, Bak fell into a deep state of mourning. Due to this, Bak isolated himself from the outside world for twenty years.

paragraph: In 1848, he successfully passed the Gwageo civil service exam, a test required for government work. Doing well on this test allowed Bak Gyusu to acquire a well-paid job early on. Later in his life, Bak became a mentor for a Korean politician Pak Yung-hio during the mid-1870s. Bak decided to instruct Pak Yung-hio in his ways of enlightened thinking after he took the initiative and sought him out. Bak's ideas influenced many people throughout Korea, the most notable being the Korean reformist Kim Okgyun, who went on to incorporate foreign sciences and technologies into Korea in order to help strengthen it against further encroachment and military advances by an increasingly imperialistic Japan.

paragraph: During the period of King Gojong's reign, the Queen actively supported him. Queen Sinjeong had been the wife of Crown Prince Hyomyeong, who was posthumously named King Munjo. Bak Gyusu was the governor of Pyongan province when the "General Sherman" incident occurred, an event commonly cited as an important catalyst to the ending of Korean isolationism in the 19th century. On the 9th of July, 1866, the "General Sherman" entered the Keupsa Gate without permission. Bak gave the "General Sherman"'s crew a warning to depart from Joseon. The ship's crew ignored his warning and captured the messenger adjutant-general Yi Hyon-Ik, a subordinate of Bak Gyusu. Bak was present during the rescue of Yi and the destruction of the "General Sherman" on the 24th of July, 1866. In 1872, Bak Gyusu was made the Joseon Chief Envoy to the court of the Tongzhi Emperor.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hwanjaejip(환재집 瓛齋集)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hwanjaejikgye(환재직계 瓛齋織啓)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hwanjaesyugye(환재수계 瓛齋繡啓)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Geogajapbokgo(거가잡복고 居家雜服攷)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sanggodohoimunuirye(상고도회문의례 尙古圖會文儀例)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jangammungo(장암문고 莊菴文稿)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hwanjaeyugo(환재유고 瓛齋遺稿)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daehwan, Noh. "The Eclectic Development of Neo-Confucianism and Statecraft from the 18th to the 19th Century," "Korea Journal" (Winter 2003).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kang, Jae-eun and Suzanne Lee. (2006). "The Land of Scholars: Two Thousand Years of Korean Confucianism." Paramus, New Jersey: Homa & Sekey Books. ; OCLC 60931394

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bak Gyusu

paragraph: BULLET::::- "서양 오랑캐가 중국 문명에 감화될 것이니…" 프레시안 2010.04.09

paragraph: BULLET::::- “한국 첫 개화사상가 오경석 아닌 박규수” 문화일보 2011.03.10

paragraph: BULLET::::- 이 남자, 네 가지로 모든 걸 해결했다

alias:
Pak Kyu-su
Kyu-su Pak

description: Korean scholar-bureaucrat

wikidata_label: Park Gyu-su

wikipedia_title: Bak Gyusu


text: ice hockey

text: Buffalo Beauts

text: 2015 NWHL Draft

text: National Women's Hockey League

text: IIHF World Women's U18 Championships

text: Metropolitan Riveters

text: Isobel Cup

text: Shattuck-Saint Mary's

text: Faribault, Minnesota

text: University of Wisconsin

text: Wisconsin Badgers

text: Buffalo Beauts

text: 2015 NWHL Draft

text: 3rd NWHL All-Star Game

text: IIHF World Women's U18 Championships

text: Stockholm, Sweden

text: Wisconsin player profile

text: USA Hockey player profile

categories: Metropolitan Riveters players,Wisconsin Badgers women's ice hockey players,Isobel Cup champions,Sportspeople from Albany, New York,1994 births,American women's ice hockey players,Ice hockey people from New York (state),Living people,American ice hockey defensemen,New York Riveters players

paragraph: Courtney Burke

paragraph: Courtney Burke (born September 2, 1994) is an American ice hockey defenseman. She was drafted fourth overall by the Buffalo Beauts during the 2015 NWHL Draft for the inaugural season of the National Women's Hockey League. In 2011, she helped the United States women's national under-18 ice hockey team win gold at the IIHF World Women's U18 Championships and silver at the 2012 tournament. She was part of the Metropolitan Riveters team that captured the Isobel Cup in 2018.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Burke attended Shattuck-Saint Mary's in Faribault, Minnesota where she played in 147 games for the hockey team, recording 66 goals and 164 assists. The team won the U-19 Women’s National Championship in the 2010-11 season. She committed to the University of Wisconsin at 17 years old, and debuted as a freshman in the 2012-13 regular season.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.:University of Wisconsin Badgers.

paragraph: During her freshman year at the University of Wisconsin, Burke appeared in all 35 games for the Wisconsin Badgers. She scored 4 goals and 19 assists, enough to lead all Wisconsin defensemen and freshmen in points. She was named to the All-WCHA Rookie team after that 2012-13 season. In her sophomore season, Burke scored 5 goals and 21 assists in 38 games and was named to the All-WCHA Second team. In her third year at Wisconsin, Burke scored 4 goals and 20 assists in 40 games.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:Club.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:Club.:Buffalo Beauts.

paragraph: Burke was selected fourth overall by the Buffalo Beauts in the 2015 NWHL Draft while still a junior in college. She participated in the 3rd NWHL All-Star Game.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:International.

paragraph: Burke helped the United States women's national under-18 ice hockey team capture gold at the 2011 IIHF World Women's U18 Championships in Stockholm, Sweden. The team won silver at the same tournament the following year, losing the rematch to Canada. After that tournament, Burke didn’t compete internationally until 2015, where she played two games for the U.S. in the IIHF Under-22 Women's series.

paragraph: Section::::Awards and honors.

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWHL Player of the Week, Awarded December 18, 2017

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wisconsin player profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- USA Hockey player profile

description: ice hockey player (1994-)

wikidata_label: Courtney Burke

wikipedia_title: Courtney Burke


text: short-track speed skater

text: 2016 World Championships

text: Charles Hamelin

text: Rotterdam

text: 2017 World Championships

text: Canada's team

text: 2018 Winter Olympics

text: Sándor Liu Shaolin

categories: Male short track speed skaters,Olympic gold medalists for Canada,Short track speed skaters at the 2018 Winter Olympics,Olympic bronze medalists for Canada,Canadian short track speed skaters,Medalists at the 2018 Winter Olympics,Olympic medalists in short track speed skating,French Quebecers,World Short Track Speed Skating Championships medalists,1996 births,Olympic short track speed skaters of Canada,Living people

paragraph: Samuel Girard

paragraph: Samuel Girard (born June 26, 1996) is a retired Canadian short-track speed skater. Girard is the reigning Olympic champion and first Canadian to win the Olympic gold in the 1,000 m. He won four medals, three silver and two bronze at the World Short Track Speed Skating Championships and multiple World Cup medals.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Girard competed at the 2016 World Championships where he won a silver in the 1,000 m behind countryman Charles Hamelin, and a silver in the 5,000 m relay. These results led to his being named a rising star in short track competitions among Canadian media. In response to being referred to as the next Hamelin, Girard said that “I’m not the second Charles Hamelin. I will be Samuel Girard, and this will be my career. I want to follow what Charles did, and it’s really inspiring to skate with him."

paragraph: The following season, Girard had an even better world championships in Rotterdam at the 2017 World Championships. There he won a silver medal in the 1,500 m event, and with his total results finished in third overall at the competition.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:2018 Winter Olympics.

paragraph: Girard was named to Canada's team at the 2018 Winter Olympics. In the 1,000 m competition, he was in the semi-final together with teammate Hamelin. Girard initially failed to qualify for the final but a review of a tight passing scenario in the semi-final determined that Hamelin had interfered with Girard and Girard was advanced to the final. Skating the final, Girard led almost from start to finish, with his tactics to stay out of trouble in the pack. His strategy was proven wise when Hungarian skater Sándor Liu Shaolin took out both Korean skaters behind Girard in an aggressive pass. This cleared the way for Girard to win the gold in 1,000 m, the first Canadian short track speed skater to win in the distance.

description: Canadian short-track speed skater

wikidata_label: Samuel Girard

wikipedia_title: Samuel Girard


text: Wilanów

text: Istebna

text: Polish

text: Upper Silesia

text: Cieszyn Silesia

text: Warsaw

text: Stanisław Lentz

text: Karol Tichy

text: Kraków

text: Stanisław Dębicki

text: Józef Mehoffer

text: Jan Stanisławski

text: Józef Unierzyski

text: Stanisław Wyspiański

text: Konstanty Laszczka

text: Art Nouveau

text: Paris

text: Munich

text: Vienna

text: Rome

text: Jan Wałach

text: Sichulski

text: Pautsch

text: Jarocki

text: Bug

text: Gratschovka

text: Buzuluk

text: Orenburg Oblast

text: Moscow

text: Lublin

text: Ustroń

text: Katowice

text: Silesia

text: Rydułtowy

text: Rybnik

text: Młoda Polska

categories: People from Katowice,1885 births,Art Nouveau sculptors,20th-century sculptors,Art Nouveau painters,People from the Province of Silesia,People from Cieszyn Silesia,Jan Matejko Academy of Fine Arts alumni,1954 deaths,Artists from Warsaw,Polish sculptors,20th-century Polish painters,Polish landscape painters

paragraph: Ludwik Konarzewski

paragraph: Ludwik Konarzewski – senior (August 18, 1885, Wilanów – October 2, 1954, Istebna) was a Polish painter, sculptor and teacher of fine arts who worked in Upper Silesia and Cieszyn Silesia.

paragraph: He commenced his plastic arts’ education at the School of Fine Arts in Warsaw in the year 1904, where at first he had his tuition under Stanisław Lentz and Karol Tichy. As a result of taking part in a youth manifestation against the Tsar’s rule in 1905 he was obliged to give up further studies in Warsaw. He continued his artistic study in Kraków between 1905-1910. He studied painting under the direction of (among others) the following artists painters, Stanisław Dębicki. Józef Mehoffer, Jan Stanisławski, Józef Unierzyski and Stanisław Wyspiański and sculpture under Konstanty Laszczka. L. Konarzewski Sr. was also a representative of the Polish school of Art Nouveau.

paragraph: After completing his course of studies with distinction in 1910, he spent the following two years on foreign travels and stays in four of the great centres of European art: Paris, Munich, Vienna and Rome. He undertook these journeys in the company of Jan Wałach, with whom he had become acquainted during his student days. Wałach, who came from Istebna in the Silesia-Cieszyn region, later became known as a graphics artist, draftsman and also painter and sculptor.

paragraph: In 1913 Ludwik Konarzewski Sr. painted the interior of the Orthodox Church in Rozdół, near Stryj, from where he made frequent plein-air excursion to Czarnochora in the East Carpathians, where – after pattern of a few Polish painters – Sichulski, Pautsch or Jarocki – he made a painter’s record of the Hucul culture.

paragraph: After his marriage in 1914 to Jadwiga Wałach (the sister of Jan Wałach) he went to pay a visit to his father, at the time the organist in Kamieńczyk, on the river Bug. They were there when the first World War broke out. Konarzewski together with his wife, was interned deep inside the Russian empire, in the village of Gratschovka about 50 kilometers from Buzuluk a town in Orenburg Oblast. He spent his time in pedagogic and cultural activities among the families of Polish and Lithuanian exiles and their children. In 1918 he moved to the nearest township – Buzułuk, where he taught history and drawing in the local school spending his spare time painting. He exhibited his works in Buzułuk, some of them were also shown in a collected exhibition in Moscow.

paragraph: At the beginning of 1920 Konarzewski returned to Poland. He stayed first of all in Lublin, then – after a brief period in Warsaw – in the summer of 1920 he settled to Ustroń, in the Silesia-Cieszyn region. But in 1923 he moved to what was to be his final home in Istebna. He not only devoted himself to his creative work but also took up organizational and educational activities in the community. He started a school of Plastic Arts, which in the course of time grew to be a workshop executing sacred and other interiors, then he built a guest house which became transformed into a vigorous cultural summer-holiday centre.

paragraph: At the outbreak of World War II he escaped with his family to the Eastern part of Poland, but at the end of September, after the Soviet’s invasion from the East, he came back to Kraków. In 1940 he made an unsuccessful attempt to escape to Hungary. In the end he spent the whole time of the German occupation in Kraków.

paragraph: In 1945 he opened a workshop in Katowice in Silesia and in the same year initiated a course for sculpture in coal in Rydułtowy, near Rybnik, and then in 1948 he returned for good to Istebna, where in temporary conditions (his pre-war property was virtually entirely destroyed and plundered) he revived his workshops and the school of plastic arts.

paragraph: Throughout his whole life Ludwik Konarzewski-senior devoted himself simultaneously to painting and sculpture, made stained glass windows and compositions and also applied art artifacts. In all these fields of his endeavour a mélange of influences can be seen, primarily the aesthetic ideas of Young Poland ("Młoda Polska"), but also other, sometimes extreme trends in European culture. His creative art has particularly original values in the context of the region where it arose.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading and looking.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The lexicon of the Polish artists and foreign – active in Poland (died before 1966), edited by Jolanta Maurin-Białostocka and Janusz Derwojed, vol. 4 Wrocław 1986, p. 78-80,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Konarzewski Łukasz: "Ludwik Konarzewski senior", [in:] "Ziemia śląska", edited by Lech Szaraniec, vol. 2, Katowice 1989, p. 49-50

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gniazdo na Buczniku („A nest on Bucznik”)" – a documentary about the Konarzewski family, directed by Aleksandra Dendor, produced by Polish TV in 1993;

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The coal and the chisel (Węgiel i dłuto)", The Polish Film Chronicle (Polska Kronika Filmowa) no. 6/49; edited by Olga Borzechowa, photography: Henryk Makarewicz, reading: Andrzej Łapicki

description: Polish artist

wikidata_label: Ludwik Konarzewski

wikipedia_title: Ludwik Konarzewski


text:
boyar
Movileşti family
Prince
Wallachia
Prince
Moldavia
Petru Rareș
Ieremia Movilă
Peter Mogila
Russian
Romanian
Polish Orthodox Churches

categories: Rulers of Moldavia and Wallachia,Rulers of Wallachia,Rulers of Moldavia,Year of birth unknown,People of the Long Turkish War,1607 deaths

paragraph: Simion Movilă

paragraph: Simion Movilă, a boyar of the Movileşti family, was twice Prince of Wallachia (October 1600 – 3 July 1601; August 1601 – August 1602) and Prince of Moldavia on one occasion (10 July 1606 – 24 September 1607).

paragraph: He was the grandson of Petru Rareș, brother of Ieremia Movilă, and father of Peter Mogila, who became the Metropolitan of Kiev, Halych and All-Rus' from 1633 until his death, and later was canonized as a saint in the Russian, Romanian and Polish Orthodox Churches.

description: Prince of Wallachia and prince of Moldavia

wikidata_label: Simion Movilă

wikipedia_title: Simion Movilă


text:
yagō
Ichimura-za
Bandō Mitsugorō III
Bandō Mitsugorō VI
Bandō Minosuke IV
Nagoya
Kamigata
Bandō Hikosaburō IV
Osaka
Naka no Shibai
shūmei
Ichikawa Danjūrō VIII
Kawarazaki-za
Kanadehon Chūshingura
sixth
Bandō Tamasaburō
Bandō Shūka I at Kabuki21.com

paragraph: Bandō Shūka I

paragraph: Section::::Names.

paragraph: Like most Kabuki actors, and many artists of the time, Shūka had a number of other names. He first appeared on stage as Bandō Tamanosuke, took the name Bandō Tamasaburō early in his career, and then Shūka later on. He was posthumously given the name , and as a member of the Yamatoya guild throughout his life, would have been called by that name as well (see "yagō").

paragraph: Section::::Lineage.

paragraph: As was the case with many Kabuki actors, Shūka was not biologically related to the Bandō family of actors, but rather was adopted into it. His biological father, Tachibanaya Jisuke, was an accounting manager of the Ichimura-za theatre; he was adopted at a very young age by the actor Bandō Mitsugorō III, who raised him as an actor. Shūka's son would be named Bandō Mitsugorō VI, and his adopted son was known as Bandō Minosuke IV.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Adopted at a young age by the actor Bandō Mitsugorō III, who gave him the name Tamanosuke, he made his first stage appearance in 1824, at the age of 11, taking the name Bandō Tamasaburō. Six years later, in 1830, after performing on tour in Nagoya and the surrounding area of Kamigata with Bandō Hikosaburō IV, Tamasaburō and Hikosaburō settled in Osaka and began performing regularly at the Naka no Shibai (Central Theatre). Mitsugorō died the following year, however, and so Tamasaburō returned to Edo soon afterwards. In 1839, he took on his father's poetry name ("haimyō"), Bandō Shūka, in a "shūmei" (naming ceremony) at the Ichimura-za.

paragraph: Over the course of his career, Shūka performed in countless plays, and was a celebrated "onnagata" (actor specializing in female roles) alongside his "tachiyaku" (actor of male roles) partner, Ichikawa Danjūrō VIII. In 1853, he began performing at the Kawarazaki-za. His final performance was as Kaoyo Gozen and Okaru in the famous "Kanadehon Chūshingura", in November the following year. He was posthumously named Bandō Mitsugorō, after his adopted father; the same name was held by his own adopted son for most of his career. As a result, drama historians now consider Shūka and his adopted son to be the fifth and sixth, respectively, to be known as Mitsugorō.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Actor lineages:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bandō Tamasaburō

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bandō Shūka I at Kabuki21.com

alias:
Bando Shuka I
Bandou Shuuka I

description: Japanese actor

wikidata_label: Bandō Shūka I

wikipedia_title: Bandō Shūka I