text:
Corpus Christi, Texas
American
Dystopia
overpopulation
global warming
extinction
war
death
whaling
mysticism
maritime history
Hieronymus Bosch
Géricault
The Drawing Center
Arthouse at the Jones Center
Walters Art Museum
Maryland Institute College of Art
Berlin Tempelhof Airport
NPR's All Songs Considered
The New Yorker
Justin Storms Music

categories: American contemporary artists,People from Corpus Christi, Texas,Living people

paragraph: Justin Storms

paragraph: Justin Storms (born 1981 in Corpus Christi, Texas) is an American artist and musician.

paragraph: Section::::Art.

paragraph: Storms' work primarily revolves around a post-apocalyptic whaling Dystopia which he refers to as a "Whaletopia." Stylistically his work is airy and serene with gritty themes dealing with: overpopulation, global warming, extinction, war, death, whaling, mysticism, and maritime history. His work has been compared to Hieronymus Bosch and Géricault.

paragraph: Justin Storms has exhibited in museums, art fairs, and galleries worldwide. A few being The Drawing Center, Preview Berlin, Arthouse at the Jones Center for The New American Talent 23 exhibition in Austin, Walters Art Museum, Loop Gallery in Berlin, Stolenspace Gallery in London, and Parker's Box in Brooklyn.

paragraph: In 2008 Justin Storms graduated from Maryland Institute College of Art and attended the Triangle Artist Workshop in Brooklyn, NY. In 2008 he was invited to attend the University of Berlin's "Karl Hofer Gesellschaft," where he exhibited work for the emerging art fair: "Preview Berlin" which was held at the historic Berlin Tempelhof Airport. In 2009, he was awarded Switzerland's "AKKU" residency, located outside of Zurich from 2009-2010. He was commissioned to press 50 copies of the "Whaletopian Coloring Book" by AKKU. In 2010 he was invited to attend the Triangle International Residency in Brooklyn, NY.

paragraph: Section::::Music.

paragraph: Wailin Storms formed by Justin Storms in Corpus Christi, Texas which later settled in Durham, NC. The band includes members of Bats and Mice and is a mix of doom-punk and swampy rock. After two EPs — 2011’s Bone Colored Moon and 2014’s Shiver — the band issued their debut LP, "One Foot In The Flesh Grave" on Magic Bullet Records in 2015.

paragraph: Their 2nd album "Sick City" was released in 2017 and was recorded by Kevin Ratterman and Ann Gauthier at La La Land in Louisville KY on the polish label Antena Kryzku. Their song "Irene Garza" was featured on NPR's All Songs Considered and featured in Decibel Magazine, Cvlt Nation, Invisible Oranges, and other outlets.

paragraph: Section::::Press.

paragraph: Storms' work has appeared in The New Yorker, Cabinet Magazine, Baltimore City Paper, Glasstire, Art Fag City, Locus Art Magazine, and Zurich's: Tages Anzeiger Oberland.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Justin Storms Music

description: American artist

wikidata_label: Justin Storms

wikipedia_title: Justin Storms


text:
cricket
Royal Marines
Clifton
Bristol
Haileybury and Imperial Service College
Devon
Minor Counties Championship
Cornwall
Berkshire
first-class
Frank Tuff
overs
Royal Marines
London Gazette
captain
World War I
Battle of Jutland
Vice-Admiral Sir Doveton Sturdee
brevet
major
lieutenant colonel
Légion d'honneur
France
Croix de Guerre
Colchester
Essex
Richmond Waller
ESPNcricinfo
Richmond Waller

categories: Devon cricketers,1950 deaths,People from Bristol,English cricketers,People educated at Haileybury and Imperial Service College,People from Nuneaton and Bedworth (district),Royal Marines officers,Royal Marines personnel of World War I,1879 births,Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur,Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)

paragraph: Richmond Waller

paragraph: Richmond Campbell Shakespear Waller (26 July 1879 – 28 June 1950) was an English cricketer and decorated Royal Marines officer. He was born in Clifton, Bristol. He was educated at Haileybury and Imperial Service College from 1893 to 1897.

paragraph: Section::::Cricket career.

paragraph: Waller made his debut for Devon in the 1909 Minor Counties Championship against Cornwall. From 1909 to 1910, he represented the county in five Championship matches, the last of which came against Berkshire.

paragraph: Waller played a single first-class match for Army and Navy against a combined Oxford and Cambridge Universities team in 1910. In his only first-class innings he scored a single run before being dismissed by Frank Tuff, and bowled 9 wicket-less overs.

paragraph: Section::::Military service.

paragraph: Waller served in the Royal Marines. He was first mentioned in the London Gazette in 1899, detailing his promotion to lieutenant. In 1909, he was mentioned once more, this time detailing his promotion to captain. Waller served in World War I, where he was present during the Battle of Jutland in 1916. He was mentioned in dispatches by Vice-Admiral Sir Doveton Sturdee:

paragraph: ""This officer [Waller] has served continuously in the Home and Grand Fleet from April, 1913, and has been in charge of the wireless organisation of a Battle Squadron since the commencement of hostilities. This squadron was composed of new ships of various types which had been hurriedly completed and the work entailed in bringing the wireless installations of ships designed for foreign powers' into effective working order was carried out entirely satisfactorily. Is unceasing in his endeavours to improve the wireless of the squadron, and has been of valuable assistance since I have been in command; an excellent Marine Officer.""

paragraph: His praise earnt him promotion to brevet major. He later reached the rank of lieutenant colonel and was awarded the Légion d'honneur by France and with it the Croix de Guerre, for his service during the war. He died on 28 June 1950 in Colchester, Essex.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richmond Waller at ESPNcricinfo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richmond Waller at CricketArchive

description: English cricketer

wikidata_label: Richmond Waller

wikipedia_title: Richmond Waller


text:
Capt.
Pilgrim
Mayflower
Harwich
Essex
Queen Elizabeth I
Spanish Armada
Plymouth
Holland
King James
Drontheim
Norway
London
Surrey
Thames
Alicante
Globe Theatre
Mediterranean Sea
Thomas Weston
John Alden
Priscilla Mullins
Southampton
"Speedwell"
Holland
trans-Atlantic journey
Newfoundland
Plymouth Harbor
Harwich
"Mayflower"s
New England
St. Mary The Virgin
religious separatists
Rotherhithe
Pounds
Shilling
pence
Harwich "Mayflower" Heritage Centre

categories: English sailors,1622 deaths,16th-century English people,Mayflower passengers,People from Harwich,Mayflower,1570s births,People of the Tudor period

paragraph: Christopher Jones (Mayflower captain)

paragraph: Capt. Christopher Jones Jr. (c. 1570 – about 5 March 1622) was the captain of the 1620 voyage of the Pilgrim ship "Mayflower".

paragraph: Section::::English origins.

paragraph: Christopher Jones is believed to have been born in Harwich, Essex about 1570, although baptismal records are blank for his parish church for the period of time between April 1565 and June 1571.

paragraph: He was the son of Christopher Jones Sr. and his wife Sybil. The senior Jones was also a mariner and ship owner who died in 1578, leaving to his young son, bearing his name, his interest in the ship "Marie Fortune" when he should attain the age of eighteen years. Jones' mother Sybil married Robert Russell after his father's death and continued to reside at the Jones family home on Kings Head Street in Harwich which is presently a visitor attraction. The family home of Christopher Jones' first wife Sara Twitt is across from the Jones home on Kings Head Street and is now a hostelry, the Alma.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Christopher Jones married twice:

paragraph: 1. Jones married Sara Twitt at St. Nicholas Church, Harwich on 27 December 1593. She was aged 17 and had been born about 1576. She was Jones' neighbour, living opposite each other on Kings Head Street, Harwich; both residences still exist as visitor attractions. Sara had a wealthy father, Thomas Twitt, who had strong shipping interests. At his death, her father provided considerable funds for her and a 1/12 share in his ship "Apollo". The two families combined their shipping interests to mutual advantage.

paragraph: Within a year of his marriage to Sara they had a boy named Thomas, after Sara's father. But the Church Burial Register records the infant's death on 17 April 1596. Sara had no more children and died at age 27. She was buried in Harwich on 18 May 1603.

paragraph: 2. Jones married his second wife, Josian Gray (née Thompson), widow of Richard Gray, age 19, at St. Nicholas Church in Harwich a few months after his first wife's Sara's death in 1603. Josian had seafaring relatives and her late husband was a noted mariner with friends among the Captains of the 1588 Armada Fleet and which included 'treasure hunting' in the Indies, this have may included attacks on Spanish treasure ships. Josian probably brought a substantial marriage portion and had inherited her late husband's house in Church Street, Harwich together with other land and property. One of his ships was named "Josian", in honour of his wife.

paragraph: It is believed Josian may have remarried in 1626 as in that year a 'Joan Jones', widow, married one Thomas Bartelmore at Stepney, London, directly across the Thames from Rotherhithe.

paragraph: Their marriage produced eight children, of whom the following four children were known to have been born in Harwich:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Christopher Jones b. 1604

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas Jones, b. 1607

paragraph: BULLET::::- Josian Jones, b. 1609

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Jones, b. 1621. He was baptised 4 March 1621 in Harwich, Essex, where Jones' wife had gone to reside while he was on his voyage to the New World and was anchored in Plymouth Harbour over the winter of 1620-21.

paragraph: And the following children were born in Rotherhithe, London to which the family moved in 1611.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roger Jones, b. 1611

paragraph: BULLET::::- Christopher Jones, b. 1614

paragraph: BULLET::::- Joane Jones, b. 1615

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grace Jones, b. 1619

paragraph: Section::::Harwich, Essex.

paragraph: Queen Elizabeth I called Harwich 'a pretty town' and it was extremely loyal to her in sending three ships to join the attack against the Spanish Armada in 1588. As with Plymouth, Harwich became wealthy by the pillaging of Spanish ships of the Armada though its primary business then was the export of English woollen cloth to Holland for finishing. Its explorers also could relate some stories of far places travelled to, with tales when Jones was a youth of their men voyaging as far as Baffin Island in the far Arctic.

paragraph: The entrance to Harwich port was covered with dangerous sandbars and sailors had to stay alert at all times. A prime example of this was on a night in 1627 when a strong North Sea storm wrecked more than thirty ships. These were the waters in when Jones served his apprenticeship at the side of his father and grandfather, who were both Harwich skippers. At age eighteen, Jones inherited his first part-share of a ship.

paragraph: Harwich was a town managed by a company of mariners and shipwrights who enforced harsh discipline. In 1605 some women were hanged as witches and harlots and were dragged through the streets by a cart and with such as dice games also being banned. As with other seaports around the country, Harwich was a place where sea captains and merchants ran the local government and levied their own taxes on the citizens to take care of town business.

paragraph: In his mid-thirties Jones was somewhat of a prominent Harwich citizen and was named as a burgess of Harwich in a new town charter granted by King James. Jones was coming into his own about this time, and with an assist from a bounty, he built a 240-ton, larger than average ship of his own which he named after his second wife – Josian. Jones used the ship for trading voyages as far south as to Bordeaux in France.

paragraph: In 1601 he was one of 77 men who took the oath as freeman of the Borough of Harwich.

paragraph: In 1604 his name is listed as one of the 24 capital burgesses on the Great Charter granted by King James I.

paragraph: Civil accounts record Jones acting as an assessor for tax on land and property and also as a jury member when his father-in-law was reprimanded for failing to repair steps to the quay adjacent to his house.

paragraph: In 1605 Jones was accused, with George Colman, for keeping hunting dogs, a pursuit that was only open to those classed as 'gentlemen' whose land was valued at a certain per annum value. Apparently Jones had prospered but had not reached the class of 'gentleman'.

paragraph: In August 1609 records first note Christopher Jones as master and part owner of the "Mayflower" when his ship was chartered for a voyage from London to Drontheim (Trondheim) in Norway, and back to London. Due to bad weather, on her return the ship lost an anchor and made short delivery of her cargo of herrings. Litigation was involved and was proceeding in 1612.

paragraph: In a document of January 1611, Christopher Jones is described as being 'of Harwich', and his ship is called the "Mayflower" of Harwich (in Essex co.).

paragraph: Then about 1611, Jones decided to leave Harwich and moved south to London, where he made his home in Rotherhithe parish, a mile downstream on the Thames from the Tower of London. By that time, Jones had likely traded the ship Josian for a quarter-share in the smaller ship "Mayflower".

paragraph: Section::::Rotherhithe, London.

paragraph: In 1611 Christopher Jones is recorded as removing to Rotherhithe parish, then in Surrey, now in London. This was his home until his death in 1622.

paragraph: Records of Jones' ship "Mayflower" have the ship in the Thames in London in 1613 – once in July and again in October and November.

paragraph: Records of 1616 again state Jones' ship was in the Thames and the noting of wine on board suggests the ship had recently been on a voyage to France, Spain, Portugal, the Canaries, or some other wine country.

paragraph: By about 1600, Rotherhithe and Ratcliff parishes were country retreats of wealthy Londoners, but gradually, as London grew, they filled with buildings and population. By the late 1620s, those parishes accounted for 120 mariners.

paragraph: Wine was the primary trade product of commercial London and made the fortune of Rotherhithe's mariners. Jones' wealthiest associate was also a ship's master, Anthony Wood of the "Rainbow", who ranked at the top of parish taxpayers, owning shares of three ships and numerous houses on both sides of the Thames. He owed his wealth to the fine vintages of the Spanish port of Alicante, which was the favorite drink of James I and was a quite lucrative trade. Jones' wealthiest client was William Speight, one of the mercantile elite, who resided in Vinery Ward, the wine merchant's district, opposite Shakespeare's Globe Theatre. As warden of the Company of Merchant Taylors, Speight owned property that ranged from country estates in Suffolk to lower-level dwellings and warehouses in London. In May 1620, on his last trip before carrying the Pilgrims, Jones carried fifty tons of wine for Speight which was extremely profitable for the merchant.

paragraph: Men like Wood, Speight and Jones prospered due to the popularity of alcohol as the wealth of the landowning classes increased. At the peak of the wine trade in 1615, London imported three times the wine that had been imported typically twenty years previously. In 1615, a typical voyage by Jones in the "Mayflower" would see him bring back from France as much as eighty tons of wine and on the trip to New England, the "Mayflower" carried at least one keg each of French or Dutch wine.

paragraph: When Jones left London aboard the "Mayflower" on a voyage to France, he would normally carry as trade goods to exchange for quality French wine a hold filled with English woollens, the country's strongest export. As a family man, Jones had to keep his ship operating, and as trade was waning due to the European economic situation, the offer of Thomas Weston of the Merchant Adventurers to charter his ship for an Atlantic voyage seemed to come at a most opportune time.

paragraph: In addition to wine and wool, with Jones as captain the "Mayflower" had transported hats, hemp, Spanish salt, hops and vinegar to Norway and he may have taken the ship whaling in the North Atlantic in the Greenland area. Jones had traveled to Mediterranean Sea ports, being then part owner with Nichols, Robert Child, Thomas Short. In 1620 Capt. Jones and Robert Child still owned their quarter shares in the ship, and it was from them that Thomas Weston chartered her in the summer of 1620 to undertake the Pilgrim voyage.

paragraph: Section::::Officers and crew of the "Mayflower".

paragraph: Most scholars agree with author Charles Banks' estimation that the "Mayflower" had a crew of about 50: 36 men 'before the mast' (crew) and 14 officers on the captain's staff. This included the following officers: four mates, four quartermasters, surgeon, carpenter, cooper, cook, boatswain and gunner. The entire crew stayed with the "Mayflower" when it wintered-over in Plimoth in 1620-1621, with about half of them dying during that time, including the gunner, boatswain, 3 of 4 quartermasters and cook. The survivors returned to London on the "Mayflower" sailing from Plymouth on 5 April 1621.

paragraph: The identity of several key officers under the captain has been well established. Two Masters Mates (Pilot) with previous New World sailing experience were John Clarke, age 45, and Robert Coppin. They were assisted by Masters Mates Andrew Williamson and John Parker. John Alden, a born and raised Harwich man and possibly a distant relative of Christopher Jones, was the ship's cooper. It was he who was sent early to Southampton, to buy provisions for the journey and "cooper" them in casks. John Alden remained in Plymouth and later married Priscilla Mullins. An important person on the captain's staff that Bradford oddly neglected to mention was the ship's surgeon, a young man just out of apprenticeship as a London Barber-Surgeon by the name of Giles Heale. His name appears as a witness to the death-bed will of William Mullins in February 1621. Another person that Bradford also did not mention who is recorded as possibly being a principal officer of the Mayflower due to his title, is a man identified only as "Master" Leaver. He is recorded in Mourt's Relation (1622) as rescuing Pilgrims lost in a forest in January 1621.

paragraph: Section::::Voyage of the Pilgrim Ship "Mayflower".

paragraph: "Mayflower" embarked about sixty-five passengers in London about the middle of July 1620, proceeded to Southampton on the English south coast and met "Speedwell" bringing the Leyden contingent from Holland. The two ships planned to begin their trans-Atlantic journey on 5 August, but problems with "Speedwell", which could not be corrected, caused the loss of a month of critical voyage time with the fall Atlantic gale season coming on. After two false starts and repairs to "Speedwell", some of the passengers chose not to continue and returned to Holland on "Speedwell". The remaining passengers boarded the "Mayflower", which with 102 passengers and a crew of possibly 30-40, finally departed Plymouth, Devon on 6 September (16 new calendar). After 66 days of fighting gales and with the ship's timbers rupturing, and with a detriment to the health of all on board, the "Mayflower" finally anchored with the hook of Cape Cod harbor on 11 November. Recent research has revealed that the ship called in at the tiny fishing village of Renews in Newfoundland for fresh water and food, before finally anchoring off, what is now Provincetown.

paragraph: Over the next five months Captain Jones and the "Mayflower" would remain in Plymouth. He had originally planned to return to England as soon as the Pilgrims found a settlement site, but members of his ship's crew were ravaged by the same illnesses that overcame the "Mayflower" passengers, and he had to remain in Plymouth Harbor "till he saw his men began to recover". John Alden, also fell ill but was nursed back to health by his eventual wife Priscilla Mullins. Priscilla lost all of her family to the unknown illness, whom she also nursed during that fateful winter.

paragraph: The "Mayflower" remained in Plymouth Harbor through the winter of 1620-1621 and then on 5 April, with her empty hold ballasted by stones from the Plymouth Harbor shore, Jones set sail for England. As with the Pilgrims, her sailors had been decimated by illness, with Jones having lost his boatswain, his gunner, three quartermasters, the cook, and more than a dozen sailors.

paragraph: The "Mayflower" made excellent time on her return voyage back to England. The westerly winds that had buffeted the ship coming out, pushed her along going home and she arrived at her home port in Rotherhithe on the Thames on 5 May 1621 – less than half the time it had taken her to sail to America.

paragraph: Among the 102 passengers were six Essex residents from the Great Burstead area, south-west of Harwich. These included Christopher Martin, the "Mayflower"s Treasurer who was responsible for provisioning the ship, his wife, step-son and servant, together with two single men from Great Burstead – Peter Browne and Richard Britteridge. All died that first winter in Plymouth except Peter Browne.

paragraph: After Jones' return from New England, by the summer of 1621 he had resumed his former trading voyages to Europe. But by this time it had become evident that the deprivations of the Pilgrim voyage had badly undermined his health as it had so many other "Mayflower "voyagers.

paragraph: Section::::Death and memorials.

paragraph: Christopher Jones died in early March 1622 at about age 52 after coming back from a voyage to France. St. Mary The Virgin in Rotherhithe records his burial as 5 March in their churchyard. Administration of his estate was granted to his widow 26 August following, but of the subsequent history of her and her young children nothing is known for certain. However, whilst her husband was away, being heavy with child, she returned to her family in Harwich, Essex, awaiting news of his return. The child was born in Harwich in 1621 and baptised there as "John Jones" - perhaps after hearing from her husband that his cousin and friend, John Alden, had decided to stay on in America.

paragraph: The rector at St. Mary's from 1611 to 1654 was Thomas Gataker, a man of puritan leanings, and Captain Jones may have learned Puritanism from him and could be the reason he accepted the risky task of transporting religious separatists to the New World. Also living in Rotherhithe after 1611 were "Mayflower" part owners John Moore and First Mate John Clarke, after whom Clarke's Island, Plymouth Bay, Massachusetts is named. Clarke had been baptized in St. Mary's in 1575 and spent 1611-1616 as a prisoner of the Spanish.

paragraph: Although St. Mary's Church was rebuilt in 1715, it contains many memorials to sailors from the original (medieval) church, although Captain Jones' grave was lost during the rebuilding.

paragraph: Per St. Mary's information, Jones' body was buried in the churchyard but the exact location almost 400 years later is unknown.

paragraph: There are two memorials in St. Mary's to famous Rotherhithe resident Captain Jones and the "Mayflower":

paragraph: In 1995 a tablet in memorial of Captain Jones and the sailing of the "Mayflower" from Rotherhithe has been placed inside the St. Mary's Church in the East end. The tablet reads:

paragraph: In 2004 a large round 'blue plaque' indicating a place of special interest, was placed on a wall outside St. Mary's church tower. It denotes the sailing of the "Mayflower" in 1620 and of its commander, Captain Christopher Jones, as being of Rotherhithe.

paragraph: Section::::Fate of the "Mayflower".

paragraph: After Christopher Jones died in 1622 the "Mayflower" lay idle on the mud flats of the River Thames near Rotherhithe and was reported in many books to be a "rotting hulk". In 1624 the remaining owners of the ship – Roberte Childe, John Moore, Josian Jones, his widow and another, applied for her to be appraised for worth in the High Court of the Admiralty. The sellable items, not including the timbers, were valued at 128 Pounds 6 Shillings and 4 pence. It is thought by some that the cash was shared among the three named partners and the timbers given to the fourth partner as his share. Seemingly plausible but tendentious claims by Prof. Rendel Harris of the University of Manchester (The Last of the Mayflower, [London, 1920] and The Finding of the Mayflower, [London, 1920]) that the May-Flower’s timbers were re-used in 1625 to build The Mayflower Barn and extend the farmhouse at Jordans Farm, Jordans, Buckinghamshire, have been found to be unreliable and have not stood up to scrutiny. The barn is certainly built from the remains of a seventeenth-century ship but that it was the May-Flower is wholly unproven. See Horrocks, J.W., ‘The “Mayflower” ’, The Mariner’s Mirror, vol. 8, issue 12, (1922), pp. 354-362.

paragraph: Section::::400th anniversary.

paragraph: The year 2020 will mark the quatercentenary of the Pilgrim Fathers' journey on the "Mayflower". To mark the occasion, the residents of Jones' home town of Harwich have set up the Harwich "Mayflower" Heritage Centre. In addition Christopher Jones' house in Kings Head Street will be open to visitors during 2020.

description: English sailor and master of the ''Mayflower''

wikidata_label: Christopher Jones

wikipedia_title: Christopher Jones (Mayflower captain)


text: watercolour

text: J. M. W. Turner

text: Hinksey Hill

text: Ashmolean Museum

text: Oxfordshire County Council

text: Oxfordshire County Museum

text: Woodstock

text: Tate Gallery

text: Metropolitan Museum of Art

text: Dunedin Public Art Gallery

text: New Zealand

text: Black Bourton

text: Burford

text: manor house

text: Shipton-on-Cherwell

text: John Varley

text: Royal Academy

text: Watercolour Society

text: Woodstock

text: St Clement's

text: St John Street

text: parish church at Shipton-on-Cherwell

text: Georgian

text: Gothic Revival

text: Decorated Gothic

text: blue plaque

text: chancel screen

text: Information

text: Oxfordshire Blue Plaques Board

text: Paintings

text: Tate Gallery

text: Artist search information

text: Oxford from Hinksey Hill

text: Metropolitan Museum of Art

categories: English watercolourists,English male painters,19th-century English painters,People from West Oxfordshire District,1862 deaths,Culture in Oxford,1789 births

paragraph: William Turner (artist)

paragraph: William Turner (29 November 1789 – 7 August 1862) was an English painter who specialised in watercolour landscapes. He was a contemporary of the more famous artist J. M. W. Turner and his style was not dissimilar. He is often known as William Turner of Oxford or just Turner of Oxford to distinguish him from his better known namesake. Many of Turner's paintings depicted the countryside around Oxford. One of his best known pictures is a view of the city of Oxford from Hinksey Hill.

paragraph: In 1898 the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford held a retrospective exhibition of his work. Some of his paintings are still on permanent display at the museum. In 1984 the Oxfordshire County Council presented his work in an exhibition at the Oxfordshire County Museum in Woodstock. His paintings are also held in national and international collections, for example at the Tate Gallery (London, UK), the Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York City, US) and the Dunedin Public Art Gallery (New Zealand).

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Turner was born at Black Bourton, Oxfordshire. He was the eldest of three children, and had two younger sisters. His father died in 1791, and he was raised during this early part of his life by his mother. In 1803 he went to live with his uncle, also called William Turner. Initially they lived in Burford but in 1804 moved to the manor house at Shipton-on-Cherwell.

paragraph: Because of his interest in drawing, Turner joined John Varley in London. In 1807 he had his first exhibition at the Royal Academy. He was elected as a full member of the Watercolour Society in 1808 and for the rest of his life participated in their yearly exhibitions.

paragraph: In 1810, Turner returned to Oxfordshire. He lived in Woodstock until 1811. After that he lived in and around Oxford. In 1824 Turner married Elizabeth Ilott at Shipton-on-Cherwell and lived at London Road, St Clement's. From 1853 onwards he lived at 16 St John Street in central Oxford.

paragraph: In 1831, the parish church at Shipton-on-Cherwell was demolished and a Georgian Gothic Revival church designed in a Decorated Gothic style by William Turner was built in its place.

paragraph: Turner died at his home in St John Street, Oxford in 1862. A blue plaque marks the house where he lived. William and his wife are buried in Holy Cross parish churchyard at Shipton-on-Cherwell. In 1896 a memorial chancel screen was installed in the church, with a brass plaque reading ""Erected in memory of William Turner of Oxford, Water Colour Painter and architect of this church.""

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Information from the Oxfordshire Blue Plaques Board

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paintings in the Tate Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Artist search information

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Oxford from Hinksey Hill" by William Turner

paragraph: BULLET::::- "View of University Park Looking Towards New College, Oxford" by William Turner in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City

alias:
William Turner of Oxford
Turner of Oxford
Of Oxford Turner
Turner of Oxford Turner
William, of Oxford Turner
William Turner (1789-1862)

description: English painter

wikidata_label: William Turner

wikipedia_title: William Turner (artist)


text:
Knights Templar
Chartres
Blois
Tiberias
Guillaume de Beaujeu
Acre
Sidon
Castle of the Sea
‘Alam al-Din Sanjar al-Shuja‘i
Cyprus

categories: People from Centre-Val de Loire,13th-century French people,13th-century births,1292 deaths

paragraph: Thibaud Gaudin

paragraph: Thibaud Gaudin (1229? – April 16, 1292) was the Grand Master of the Knights Templar from August 1291 until his death in April 1292.

paragraph: The history of Thibaud Gaudin within the Order is rather mysterious. Born to a noble family in the area of Chartres or Blois, France, he entered the Knights Templar well before 1260, because on that date he was taken prisoner during an attack on Tiberias. His great piety was deemed worthy of the nickname of "Gaudin Monk".

paragraph: In 1279, Sir Thibaud fulfilled the function of "Commander of the Land of Jerusalem", the fourth most important function in the Templar hierarchy. In 1291, he rode at the side of Guillaume de Beaujeu to defend the town of Acre, besieged by the formidable army of Mamluk Sultan Al-Ashraf Khalil. On 18 May, upon the death of Guillaume de Beaujeu, Gaudin remained in the city of Acre. The remaining knights of the order, men, women and children found shelter in the Temple, the great fort of the Templars. Pierre de Sevry, Marshal of the Order, Thibaud Gaudin, treasurer of the order, and their knights were the last to defend Acre. After trying to break in for a whole week without success, Al-Ashraf Khalil offered the marshal of the order to embark for Cyprus with all their possessions. Pierre de Sevry agreed. An Emir and 100 mameluks were permitted to enter the fort, but they began to molest some women and boys. Furious at this act, the knights slaughtered the mameluks and barricaded themselves again. That night Pierre sent the treasure of the order with its commander, Thibaud Gaudin and some non-combatants, by boat to Sidon. Acre fell the following day.

paragraph: Thibaud Gaudin arrived with some knights at Sidon, where he was elected Grand Master. The Templars were determined to stand, but because they lacked numbers to properly defend the large city, they evacuated the city and moved to the Castle of the Sea. Thibaud Gaudin went to Cyprus in the hope of gathering reinforcements. To many, this was regarded as an act of cowardice. The Templars fought bravely, but once the engineers started building a causeway, they sailed away to Tortosa. July 14, 1291 emir ‘Alam al-Din Sanjar al-Shuja‘i al-Mansuri (, ʿAlam ad-Dīn Sanǧar aš-Šuǧāʿī al-Manṣūrī) entered the castle and ordered its destruction. The reinforcements never came. Beirut was taken on July 21, the castle of Ibelins and its walls completely destroyed. The sultan occupied Haifa on July 30, and the monasteries of Carmel destroyed. In early August, the Franks held nothing more than two fortified towns, both occupied by Templars. However, the garrisons were too weak to face a siege, so Tortosa was evacuated on August 3 and Athlit on August 14. They left for the sea fort of Ruad, two miles off the coast of Tortosa, which would remain in their hands until 1303, when the future of the order was in jeopardy.

paragraph: In October 1291, a general chapter of the order met in Cyprus. This meeting confirmed the election of Thibaud Gaudin as Grand Master and named new dignitaries in the important positions within the hierarchy of the order. On that occasion, Jacques de Molay was named Marshal, to succeed Pierre de Sevry, who died at Acre. Thibaud Gaudin tried to reorganize all the Templars after the devastation of the recent battles. Moreover, it was necessary for him to defend the Kingdom of Armenia from the encircled Turkish Seldjoukides and the island of Cyprus, occupied by a multitude of refugees. Apparently the task proved daunting for Thibaud Gaudin; he died in 1292, leaving an enormous rebuilding task for his successor.

description: Grand Master of the Knights Templar

wikidata_label: Thibaud Gaudin

wikipedia_title: Thibaud Gaudin


text: Charles VI of France

text: Isabeau of Bavaria

text: Dauphin of Viennois

text: Duke of Guyenne

text: Hôtel Saint-Pol

text: parish church of Saint-Paul

text: abbot of Saint-Denis

text: Louis of Orléans

text: Pierre "le Bègue de Villaines"

text: Joan of Ligny

text: archbishop of Vienne

text: peerage ("pairie")

text: John, Duke of Berry

text: Bourbon

text: Burgundy

text: Margaret

text: John, Count of Nevers

text: Michelle

text: Philip, Count of Charolais

text: Notre-Dame de Paris

text: Juvisy

text: Louvre

text: maître d'hôtel

text: Blaru

text: Offemont

text: Chartres

text: Auxerre

text: revolt of the Cabochiens

text: Battle of Agincourt

text: Michel Pintoin

text: Basilica of St Denis

text: Chateauroux Breviary

text: Christine de Pizan

text: William Shakespeare

text: Henry V

text: Max Adrian

text: Keith Drinkel

text: Michael Maloney

text: Edward Akrout

text: Robert Pattinson

categories: 1397 births,Heirs apparent who never acceded,1415 deaths,French royalty,Dukes of Aquitaine,House of Valois,Dauphins of Viennois

paragraph: Louis, Duke of Guyenne

paragraph: Louis (22 January 1397 – 18 December 1415) was the eighth of twelve children of King Charles VI of France and Isabeau of Bavaria. He was their third son and the second to hold the titles Dauphin of Viennois and Duke of Guyenne, inheriting them in 1401, at the death of his older brother, Charles (1392–1401).

paragraph: Louis was born between the eighth and ninth hours of the evening in the royal Hôtel Saint-Pol in Paris. He was baptised the next day in the parish church of Saint-Paul, with eight prelates attending, including the abbot of Saint-Denis. Present also was a large assembly of noblemen and ladies. The infant was carried to the font by Duke Louis of Orléans, Pierre "le Bègue de Villaines" and Countess Joan of Ligny. They gave him the name Louis and the archbishop of Vienne performed the baptism.

paragraph: Section::::In his mother's household.

paragraph: The first years of Louis's life were spent in the care of his mother. Only after the death of his elder brother Charles on 13 January 1401 did he take on a political importance by inheriting the Dauphiné. On 14 January, King Charles formally invested Louis with the Duchy of Guyenne, which was also raised into a peerage ("pairie"). On 28 February 1402, Charles juridically emancipated his son and Louis did homage for Guyenne. Nonetheless, the young dauphin did not have his own household or treasury, but the monies collected by the treasurer-general of the Dauphiné were deposited with his mother. The revenues of Guyenne were overseen by John, Duke of Berry, as lieutenant-general of Languedoc.

paragraph: On 26 April 1403, Charles decreed that if Louis inherited the throne while still a minor, he would not be under the traditional regency, but the queen mother, the duke of Orléans and the dukes of Bourbon, Burgundy and Berry would guide him. On 28 April, the king agreed to the marriage of Louis and Margaret, daughter of John, Count of Nevers, and granddaughter of the duke of Burgundy, who had previously been betrothed to the Dauphin Charles in 1395. On 4 July, another royal ordinance confirmed the revenues of Guyenne to the duke of Berry for the rest of his life, to revert to Louis on the duke's death. On 30 January 1404, the king ordered the establishment of a household ("hôtel") and treasury separate from Isabeau's for the seven-year-old Louis.

paragraph: Section::::Having his own household.

paragraph: Although Louis's marriage contract had been signed before a great council of the realm on 5 May 1403, the Duke of Orléans, who had hoped his daughter would marry the dauphin, absented himself. The marriage of Louis's sister Michelle to Margaret's brother Philip, Count of Charolais, was also finalised at this council. Since Louis and Margaret were related to within the prohibited degree, a papal dispensation had to be obtained. As a consequence, the couple was not married until 30 August 1404 in the cathedral of Notre-Dame de Paris.

paragraph: As Charles VI descended into madness, influence over and control of Louis became of increasing importance to the parties which sought to control royal policy. In 1404, Louis's father-in-law succeeded as duke of Burgundy. In 1405, the duke of Orléans, in cooperation with the queen, perpetrated the "first kidnapping of the Dauphin" in order to separate Louis from the influence of his grandfather-in-law. As the duke of Burgundy approached Paris on a royal summons, the duke of Orléans and the queen left the city and sent for Louis to accompany them. The dauphin was ill, but was brought by boat and then by litter to Juvisy, where he was intercepted by the lord of Saint-Georges, a vassal of his father-in-law. The duke of Burgundy and the count of Charolais then met him and escorted him back to Paris in his litter. There the young duke was put up in the Louvre, because it was easier to defend than the Hôtel Saint-Pol.

paragraph: In 1409, Jean de Nielles, already chancellor to the queen and a knight known for his loyalty to the Burgundian duke, was made Louis's chancellor also. The duke of Burgundy also appointed Pierre de Fontenay, Louis's "maître d'hôtel", while the duke of Orléans chose his chamberlains, alternating between the lords of Blaru and Offemont. The influence of the dukes is apparent even in Louis's buying habits: he frequented the merchants who were the suppliers of Burgundy and Orléans.

paragraph: Section::::War and death.

paragraph: During civil war between the Armagnacs and the Burgundians, Louis was credited with intervening to bring about peace at Chartres in 1409, at Auxerre in 1410 and again in 1412. The peace of Auxerre was mocked by contemporaries as a "paix fourrée", a peace made in bad faith. Between the assassination of the duke of Orléans in 1407 and the revolt of the Cabochiens in 1413, the duke of Burgundy dominated the court of the duke of Guyenne. During the revolt of 1413, he replaced his son-in-law's treasurer, François de Nerly, with a man of his own loyalty, Jean de Noident, but he then had to flee Paris. In December 1413, Louis himself pleaded to be rescued from the city, since he did not trust the triumphant Armagnacs.

paragraph: Louis was not present at the Battle of Agincourt (October 1415), remaining with his father Charles VI at Rouen. He died 18 December 1415, possibly of dysentery, as recorded by the monk chronicler Michel Pintoin of the Basilica of St Denis.

paragraph: Section::::In literature and film.

paragraph: Louis was probably the original recipient of the Chateauroux Breviary. It was also for him that Christine de Pizan wrote her "Livre du corps de policie" (1406–07) and "Livre de paix" (1412–13) as instructions for a young ruler.

paragraph: Louis appears as the Dauphin in William Shakespeare's "Henry V". He has been represented in film by Max Adrian in 1944, Keith Drinkel in 1979, Michael Maloney in 1989, Edward Akrout in 2012 and Robert Pattinson in 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Autrand, Françoise. "Charles VI le roi fou". Fayard, 1986.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Famiglietti, Richard Carl. "The French Monarchy in Crisis, 1392–1415, and the Political Role of the Dauphin, Louis of France, Duke of Guyenne". Ph.D. diss. City University of New York, 1982.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Famiglietti, Richard Carl. "Royal Intrigue: Crisis at the Court of Charles VI, 1392–1420". New York, 1986.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kennedy, Angus J. "Christine de Pizan, Blasphemy, and the Dauphin, Louis de Guyenne", "Medium Aevum" 83, 1 (2014): 104–20.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lebailly, Emilie. "Le dauphin Louis, duc de Guyenne, et les arts précieux (1409–1415)", "Bulletin Monumental" 163, 4 (2005): 357–74.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vaughan, Richard. "John the Fearless". The Boydell Press. 2009.

description: French noble

wikidata_label: Louis, Dauphin of France, Duke of Guyenne

wikipedia_title: Louis, Duke of Guyenne


text: American

text: bobsled

text: Winter Olympics

text: Salt Lake City

text: FIBT World Championships

text: Bobsleigh World Cup

text: Del Rio, Texas

text: bobsleigh

text: American football

text: kickboxing

text: linebacker

text: University of Tulsa

text: Oklahoma

text: San Diego State University

text: Freedom Bowl

text: Pi Kappa Alpha

text: Toronto Argonauts

text: Canadian Football League

text: Koichiro Kimura

text: Rickson Gracie

text: Choke: Rickson Gracie

text: 2006 Winter Olympics

text: Turin

text: coaching

text: United States

text: 2010 Winter Olympics

text: Vancouver

text: bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track

text: Winterberg

text: Germany

text: Lake Placid, New York

text: intraparenchymal hematoma

text: concussion

text: Mike Kohn

text: 2010 Winter Olympics

text: Esmé Kamphuis

text: Cesana Pariol

text: 2014 Winter Olympics

text: Jamaican bobsled team

text: DatabaseOlympics.com profile

text: James Hom story on Hays

text: MSNBC.com story on Hays' retirement

text: United States Olympic Committee profile

categories: American male bobsledders,Bobsledders at the 2002 Winter Olympics,Tulsa Golden Hurricane football players,1969 births,Toronto Argonauts players,American male mixed martial artists,Olympic silver medalists for the United States in bobsleigh,People from Del Rio, Texas,American football linebackers,Olympic bobsledders of the United States,Medalists at the 2002 Winter Olympics,American male kickboxers,Living people,Bobsledders at the 2006 Winter Olympics

paragraph: Todd Hays

paragraph: Todd Dennys Hays (born May 21, 1969) is an American former bobsledder who competed from 1994 to 2006. Competing in two Winter Olympics, he won the silver medal in the four-man event at Salt Lake City in 2002, breaking a 46-year medal drought for the US national bobsleigh team.

paragraph: He also won two medals in the four-man event at the FIBT World Championships with a silver in 2003 and a bronze in 2004. He finished third four times in the Bobsleigh World Cup, earning them twice in combined men's (2003-4, 2005-6) and once each in the two-man (2005–06) and four-man events (2003–04).

paragraph: Hays was raised in Del Rio, Texas. Prior to his bobsleigh career, Hays also was involved in American football and kickboxing. This included playing linebacker for the University of Tulsa in Oklahoma for which he was part of the team that defeated San Diego State University in the Freedom Bowl in 1991. He also is a member of the Pi Kappa Alpha fraternity. Hays played two seasons with the Toronto Argonauts of the Canadian Football League before switching to kickboxing where he became national champion in 1993.

paragraph: He competed in the 1995 Vale Tudo Freestyle Fighting Championship in Japan. Winning his first bout against Koichiro Kimura via submission, Hays was set to face Rickson Gracie in his second fight of the tournament. However, he had sustained an injury to his shoulder which caused him to decide to leave the tournament. Todd is featured in the film "Choke: Rickson Gracie", a documentary of the Brazilian fighter's preparation for the 1995 Vale Tudo tournament. In it, he explains how he had chosen to enter the tournament in Japan and fight under this rule set to make money, as he wanted to be able to finance his true dream; to compete in the Olympics as a bobsledder.

paragraph: Hays retired from bobsleigh after the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin and returned to coaching football in the United States. In 2008, Hays attempted a comeback in preparation for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. On December 9, 2009, Hays sustained an injury during practice at the bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track in Winterberg, Germany. Medical personnel for the US Bobsleigh Team evaluated Hays' condition in Lake Placid, New York and stated Hays suffered from an intraparenchymal hematoma which was originally suspected to be a concussion. The doctors in turn forced Hays into retirement to avoid any further brain damage.

paragraph: Subsequently, Hays became a bobsleigh coach, working with Mike Kohn weeks after returning from Winterberg to help him clinch the third slot for the US national team at the 2010 Winter Olympics. He worked with the Dutch bobsleigh team in the 2010-11 season, coaching Esmé Kamphuis to a second place at a World Cup event at Cesana Pariol, the first medal ever won by a Dutch bobsleigh crew. Subsequently, the United States Bobsled and Skeleton Federation announced in May 2011 that Hays would take up the position of head coach for the US women's team from July of that year. Despite leading the women's team to two medals at the 2014 Winter Olympics, it was announced in May 2014 that Hayes had lost his job after changes to USBSF's coaching structure resulting in the men's and women's head coach positions being merged. After leaving the US team Hays became head coach and technical director for the Jamaican bobsled team for the 2014–15 season. However he had to leave this role after one season due to a lack of funds to pay his salary, although he continued to work with the team in an unofficial capacity.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bobsleigh four-man Olympic medalists for 1924, 1932–56, and since 1964

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bobsleigh four-man world championship medalists since 1930

paragraph: BULLET::::- DatabaseOlympics.com profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- (December 15, 2009 article accessed December 15, 2009.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- James Hom story on Hays

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of combined men's bobsleigh World Cup champions: 1985–2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of four-man bobsleigh World Cup champions since 1985

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of two-man bobsleigh World Cup champions since 1985

paragraph: BULLET::::- MSNBC.com story on Hays' retirement

paragraph: BULLET::::- United States Olympic Committee profile

description: bobsledder

wikidata_label: Todd Hays

wikipedia_title: Todd Hays


text:
Persian
Arabic
Persian
Shia
Tafresh
Mashhad
Sabzawar
Radhi ad-Din Tabarsi
Makarim al-Akhlaq
Ibn Shahr-e Ashub
Oghuz
Khorasan
Imām Ridhā Shrine complex
Mazandaran
battle
Shah
Persia
Bábís
Báb
"Majma‘ al-bayān"
tafsir
Qur'an

categories: 1073 births,1153 deaths,People from Tafresh,12th-century Iranian people

paragraph: Shaykh Tabarsi

paragraph: Abu Ali Fadhl ibn Hasan Tabresi (Persian/Arabic:ابو على فضل بن حسن طبرسى) known as Shaykh Tabarsi, was a 12th-century Persian Shia scholar who died in 548 AH (1153 CE).

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Tabresi was born in the year 468 AH (1073 AD/CE) in Tabaristan province or some scholars said in Tafresh a city which was named at those days Tabres, Iran. He lived and taught in Mashhad until the year 523 AH (1128 AD). He wrote a number of books on doctrine, theology, ethics and grammar. He wrote his famous work, a commentary on the Quran, when he was over the age of sixty, living in Sabzawar.

paragraph: He had many students, most famous are his son Radhi ad-Din Tabarsi, author of the book "Makarim al-Akhlaq", and Ibn Shahr-e Ashub. He was killed in the Oghuz invasion to Khorasan. The location of his grave is disputed as to it being within the Imām Ridhā Shrine complex or whether it lies in Mazandaran. The shrine located in Mazandaran was the location of the battle between the forces of the Shah of Persia and the Bábís, followers of the Báb, over the period October 10, 1848 to May 10, 1849.

paragraph: Section::::Work and contribution.

paragraph: Tabresi had many works, but only around 20 of his books are survived to the present time. His main work is "Majma‘ al-bayān" (Compendium of Elucidations on the Exegesis of the Quran), a commentary (tafsir) of Qur'an. While Shia Scholars have written many commentaries of the Quran, none has been able to match the eloquence and magnitude of his book. He completed writing this book in the year 534 AH (1139 AD). His other works are al-Kafi al-shall and Jawami al-Jami.

description: Persian scholar

wikidata_label: Shaykh Tabarsi

wikipedia_title: Shaykh Tabarsi


text:
American
Major League Baseball
pitcher
Los Angeles Dodgers
Baltimore Orioles
Seattle Pilots
Milwaukee Brewers
wins
strikeouts
earned run average
Steve Barber
Chicago White Sox
Memorial Stadium
run
1966 World Series
World Series
Cleveland Indians
shutout
Pacific Northwest
spring training
The Sporting News
Pura Pelota
Retrosheet
The Deadball Era

categories: 1941 births,Albuquerque Dukes players,Salt Lake City Angels players,Baseball players from Wisconsin,Great Falls Electrics players,1996 deaths,Baltimore Orioles players,Orlando Dodgers players,Salem Dodgers players,Rochester Red Wings players,St. Petersburg Saints players,Milwaukee Brewers players,Major League Baseball pitchers,Tiburones de La Guaira players,Seattle Pilots players,Sportspeople from Madison, Wisconsin

paragraph: Gene Brabender

paragraph: Eugene Mathew Brabender (August 16, 1941 – December 27, 1996), nicknamed Lurch, was an American Major League Baseball pitcher. He was signed by the Los Angeles Dodgers as an amateur free agent before the 1961 season. He pitched for the Baltimore Orioles (1966–1968), Seattle Pilots (1969), and the Milwaukee Brewers (1970). During a 5-year baseball career, Brabender compiled 35 wins, 440 strikeouts, and a 4.25 earned run average. He stood and weighed 225 lbs.

paragraph: Brabender, described by pitcher Steve Barber as "a hard-throwing right-handed country boy," made his Major League debut in relief on May 11, 1966. He entered a tie game against the Chicago White Sox in the top of the 10th inning at Memorial Stadium and gave up a run in the 11th, resulting in a 3–2 Orioles loss.

paragraph: He was part of the 1966 World Series champion team, but did not appear in a World Series game. Brabender was 16–14 during his time in Baltimore. The best game of his career was on August 7, 1967 against the Cleveland Indians, pitching a four-hit shutout and striking out 12. He was traded to the expansion Seattle Pilots on March 31, 1969.

paragraph: Brabender led Seattle with 13 wins in their only season in the Pacific Northwest. The Pilots moved to Milwaukee during 1970 spring training and became the Brewers, and in what would be his final season, Brabender compiled a 6–15 record with a 6.02 ERA.

paragraph: Brabender died of a brain aneurysm at age 55 on December 27, 1996.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1971 Baseball Register published by The Sporting News

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pura Pelota

paragraph: BULLET::::- Retrosheet

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Deadball Era

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Gene Brabender

wikipedia_title: Gene Brabender


text: poet

text: Worcester, Massachusetts

text: Jew

text: Russia

text: Lithuania

text: suicide

text: carbolic acid

text: Yashwen

text: dry goods

text: bankruptcy

text: U.S. District Court

text: USD$

text: "The Worcester Telegram"

text: summa cum laude

text: Harvard College

text: master's degree

text: New York City

text: Wilson Library Bulletin

text: Theodore Roethke

text: "Poetry"

text: Commonweal

text: The New Republic

text: The Nation

text: The Dial

text: World War II

text: Army

text: conscientious objector

text: commission

text: staff sergeant

text: Bennington College

text: State University of New York at Potsdam

text: New School for Social Research

text: University of Washington

text: Queens College

text: Brandeis University

text: Columbia University

text: School of General Studies

text: School of the Arts

text: Yale University

text: Rutgers University–Camden

text: Princeton University

text: Vassar College

text: Elise Asher

text: Philip Guston

text: Mark Rothko

text: symbol

text: Carl Jung

text: James Wright

text: Mark Doty

text: Louise Glück

text: Provincetown, Massachusetts

text: Fine Arts Work Center

text: Poets House

text: Manhattan

text: Pulitzer Prize for Poetry

text: iambic pentameter

text: prosody

text: National Book Award for Poetry

text: National Medal of Arts

text: Bollingen Prize

text: Robert Frost Medal

text: Harvard

text: Library of Congress

text: New York

text: Fine Arts Work Center

text: Provincetown, Massachusetts

text: Poets House

text: New York City

text: Wilson Library Bulletin

text: Bernard Berelson

text: Forrest Spaulding

text: Library Bill of Rights

text: American Library Association

text: L.L. Winship/PEN New England Award

text: Ivan Drach

text: Andrei Voznesensky

text: Max Hayward

text: The Stanley Kunitz Papers

text: Princeton University

text: Poems by Stanley Kunitz

text: Stanley Kunitz

text: Stanley Kunitz

text: Worcester Polytechnic Institute

text: "Stanley's House"

categories: American Poets Laureate,Pulitzer Prize for Poetry winners,1905 births,American librarianship and human rights,American people of Lithuanian-Jewish descent,Translators to English,Translators from Russian,Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters,American centenarians,Poets from Massachusetts,American male poets,Formalist poets,Harvard University alumni,Jewish pacifists,English-language poets,Translators of Anna Akhmatova,Guggenheim Fellows,Poets Laureate of New York (state),Columbia University faculty,American conscientious objectors,Writers from Worcester, Massachusetts,American translators,20th-century translators,20th-century American poets,Jewish American poets,2006 deaths,National Book Award winners,Bollingen Prize recipients,United States National Medal of Arts recipients

paragraph: Stanley Kunitz

paragraph: Stanley Jasspon Kunitz (; July 29, 1905May 14, 2006) was an American poet. He was appointed Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress twice, first in 1974 and then again in 2000.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Kunitz was born in Worcester, Massachusetts, the youngest of three children, to Yetta Helen ("née" Jasspon) and Solomon Z. Kunitz, both of Jewish Russian Lithuanian descent.

paragraph: His father, a dressmaker of Russian Jewish heritage, committed suicide in a public park six weeks before Stanley was born. After going bankrupt, he went to Elm Park in Worcester, and drank carbolic acid. His mother removed every trace of Kunitz's father from the household. The death of his father would be a powerful influence of his life.

paragraph: Kunitz and his two older sisters, Sarah and Sophia, were raised by his mother, who had made her way from Yashwen, Kovno, Lithuania by herself in 1890, and opened a dry goods store. Yetta remarried to Mark Dine in 1912. Yetta and Mark filed for bankruptcy in 1912 and then were indicted by the U.S. District Court for concealing assets. They pleaded guilty and turned over USD$10,500 to the trustees. Mark Dine died when Kunitz was fourteen, when, while hanging curtains, he suffered a heart attack.

paragraph: At fifteen, Kunitz moved out of the house and became a butcher's assistant. Later he got a job as a cub reporter on "The Worcester Telegram", where he would continue working during his summer vacations from college.

paragraph: Kunitz graduated "summa cum laude" in 1926 from Harvard College with an English major and a philosophy minor, and then earned a master's degree in English from Harvard the following year. He wanted to continue his studies for a doctorate degree, but was told by the university that the Anglo-Saxon students would not like to be taught by a Jew.

paragraph: After Harvard, he worked as a reporter for "The Worcester Telegram", and as editor for the H. W. Wilson Company in New York City. He then founded and edited "Wilson Library Bulletin" and started the "Author Biographical Studies". Kunitz married Helen Pearce in 1930; they divorced in 1937. In 1935 he moved to New Hope, Pennsylvania and befriended Theodore Roethke. He married Eleanor Evans in 1939; they had a daughter Gretchen in 1950. Kunitz divorced Eleanor in 1958.

paragraph: At Wilson Company, Kunitz served as co-editor for "Twentieth Century Authors", among other reference works. In 1931, as Dilly Tante, he edited "Living Authors, a Book of Biographies". His poems began to appear in "Poetry", "Commonweal", "The New Republic", "The Nation", and "The Dial".

paragraph: During World War II, he was drafted into the Army in 1943 as a conscientious objector, and after undergoing basic training three times, served as a noncombatant at Gravely Point, Washington in the Air Transport Command in charge of information and education. He refused a commission and was discharged with the rank of staff sergeant.

paragraph: After the war, he began a peripatetic teaching career at Bennington College (1946–1949; taking over from his friend Roethke). He subsequently taught at the State University of New York at Potsdam (then the New York State Teachers College at Potsdam) as a full professor (1949-1950; summer sessions through 1954), the New School for Social Research (lecturer; 1950-1957), the University of Washington (visiting professor; 1955-1956), Queens College (visiting professor; 1956-1957), Brandeis University (poet-in-residence; 1958-1959) and Columbia University (lecturer in the School of General Studies; 1963-1966) before spending 18 years as an adjunct professor of writing at Columbia's School of the Arts (1967-1985). Throughout this period, he also held visiting appointments at Yale University (1970), Rutgers University–Camden (1974), Princeton University (1978) and Vassar College (1981).

paragraph: After his divorce from Eleanor, he married the painter and poet Elise Asher in 1958. His marriage to Asher led to friendships with artists like Philip Guston and Mark Rothko.

paragraph: Kunitz's poetry won wide praise for its profundity and quality. He was the New York State Poet Laureate from 1987 to 1989. He continued to write and publish until his centenary year, as late as 2005. Many consider that his poetry's symbolism is influenced significantly by the work of Carl Jung. Kunitz influenced many 20th-century poets, including James Wright, Mark Doty, Louise Glück, Joan Hutton Landis, and Carolyn Kizer.

paragraph: For most of his life, Kunitz divided his time between New York City and Provincetown, Massachusetts. He enjoyed gardening and maintained one of the most impressive seaside gardens in Provincetown. There he also founded Fine Arts Work Center, where he was a mainstay of the literary community, as he was of Poets House in Manhattan.

paragraph: He was awarded the Peace Abbey Courage of Conscience award in Sherborn, Massachusetts in October 1998 for his contribution to the liberation of the human spirit through his poetry.

paragraph: He died in 2006 at his home in Manhattan. He had previously come close to death, and reflected on the experience in his last book, a collection of essays, "The Wild Braid: A Poet Reflects on a Century in the Garden".

paragraph: Section::::Poetry.

paragraph: Kunitz's first collection of poems, "Intellectual Things," was published in 1930. His second volume of poems, "Passport to the War", was published fourteen years later; the book went largely unnoticed, although it featured some of Kunitz's best-known poems, and soon fell out of print. Kunitz's confidence was not in the best of shape when, in 1959, he had trouble finding a publisher for his third book, "Selected Poems: 1928-1958." Despite this unflattering experience, the book, eventually published by Little Brown, received the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry.

paragraph: His next volume of poems would not appear until 1971, but Kunitz remained busy through the 1960s editing reference books and translating Russian poets. When twelve years later "The Testing Tree" appeared, Kunitz's style was radically transformed from the highly intellectual and philosophical musings of his earlier work to more deeply personal yet disciplined narratives; moreover, his lines shifted from iambic pentameter to a freer prosody based on instinct and breath—usually resulting in shorter stressed lines of three or four beats.

paragraph: Throughout the 70s and 80s, he became one of the most treasured and distinctive voices in American poetry. His collection "Passing Through: The Later Poems" won the National Book Award for Poetry in 1995. Kunitz received many other honors, including a National Medal of Arts, the Bollingen Prize for a lifetime achievement in poetry, the Robert Frost Medal, and Harvard's Centennial Medal. He served two terms as Consultant on Poetry for the Library of Congress (the precursor title to Poet Laureate), one term as Poet Laureate of the United States, and one term as the State Poet of New York. He founded the Fine Arts Work Center in Provincetown, Massachusetts, and Poets House in New York City. Kunitz also acted as a judge for the Yale Series of Younger Poets Competition.

paragraph: Section::::Library Bill of Rights.

paragraph: Kunitz served as editor of the "Wilson Library Bulletin" from 1928 to 1943. An outspoken critic of censorship, in his capacity as editor, he targeted his criticism at librarians who did not actively oppose it. He published an article in 1938 by Bernard Berelson entitled "The Myth of Library Impartiality". This article led Forrest Spaulding and the Des Moines Public Library to draft the Library Bill of Rights, which was later adopted by the American Library Association and continues to serve as the cornerstone document on intellectual freedom in libraries.

paragraph: Section::::Awards and honors.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 L.L. Winship/PEN New England Award, "The Wild Braid: A Poet Reflects on a Century in the Garden"

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: Poetry

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Wild Braid: A Poet Reflects on a Century in the Garden" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Collected Poems of Stanley Kunitz" (NY: W. W. Norton & Company, 2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Passing Through, The Later Poems, New and Selected" (NY: W. W. Norton & Company, 1995) —winner of the National Book Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Next-to-Last Things: New Poems and Essays" (1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Wellfleet Whale and Companion Poems"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Terrible Threshold"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Coat without a Seam"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Poems of Stanley Kunitz (1928–1978)" (1978)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Testing-Tree" (1971)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Selected Poems, 1928-1958" (1958)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Passport to the War" (1944)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Intellectual Things" (1930)

paragraph: Other writing and interviews:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Conversations with Stanley Kunitz" (Jackson, MS: University Press of Mississippi, Literary Conversations Series, 11/2013), Edited by Kent P. Ljungquist

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Kind of Order, A Kind of Folly: Essays and Conversations'

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Interviews and Encounters with Stanley Kunitz" (Riverdale-on-Hudson, NY: The Sheep Meadow Press, 1995), Edited by Stanley Moss

paragraph: As editor, translator, or co-translator:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Essential Blake"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Orchard Lamps" by Ivan Drach

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Story under full sail" by Andrei Voznesensky

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Poems of John Keats"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Poems of Akhmatova" by Max Hayward

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Stanley Kunitz Papers. - Princeton University.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Poems by Stanley Kunitz. - PoetryFoundation.org.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stanley Kunitz. - The Academy of American Poets (c/o Poets.org).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stanley Kunitz. - The Worcester Writers Project. - Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI).

paragraph: BULLET::::- INTERVIEW:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stanley Kunitz: "Three Small Parables for My Poet Friends". - Oxford University Press blog.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stanley's House". - DocumentaryWorld.com.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stanley Kunitz "Order and Disorder in Poetry and the Visual Arts" The Baltimore Museum of Art: Baltimore, Maryland, 1963.

description: poet

enwikiquote_title: Stanley Kunitz

wikidata_label: Stanley Kunitz

wikipedia_title: Stanley Kunitz


text:
lightweight rower
2014 World Rowing Championships
Amsterdam
eight

categories: 1991 births,German male rowers,Living people,World Rowing Championships medalists for Germany

paragraph: Sven Keßler

paragraph: Sven Keßler (born 22 March 1991) is a German lightweight rower. He won a gold medal at the 2014 World Rowing Championships in Amsterdam with the lightweight men's eight.

description: German rower

wikidata_label: Sven Keßler

wikipedia_title: Sven Keßler


text:
Măgoaja
Solnoc-Dăbâca County
haiduc
Lăpuș Country
Romanian
Măgoaja
ballad
Maramureș County
Robin Hood
Cupșa
Leopold I
Transylvania
curuți revolt
Francisc Rákóczi II
Ludovic XIV-lea
Peter the Great
Sătmar
Zalău
Sătmar
Bistrița
Dej
Sighet
Baia Mare
Tower of the Slaughterers
Budești
Baia Mare
Gutin
Baia Mare
cenotaph
Pintea
Florin Piersic

categories: 1670 births,1703 deaths,Romanian outlaws

paragraph: Pintea the Brave

paragraph: Grigore Pintea, aka Pintea The Brave (born February 25, 1670, Măgoaja, Solnoc-Dăbâca County, of the Austrian Empire, current day Romania — died August 14, 1703), was a famous heroic "haiduc" (vigilantee) stemming from Măgoaja, Lăpuș Country.

paragraph: poem

paragraph: "„Have you heard of such brave,"

paragraph: "With such a merciful heart,"

paragraph: "Of a such great brave,"

paragraph: "He is helping the poor”"

paragraph: /poem

paragraph: Born in 1670 as a descendant of petty Romanian nobility from Măgoaja in the former Solnoc-Dăbâca county. According to legends, ballads, and movies, he antagonizes regional nobles and decides to fight against social injustice. He flees to the forests of the nearby Maramureș County and lives like a Robin Hood (haiduc). During those years, he terrorized local nobility, who strove to catch him, but according to legends, he evaded them.

paragraph: According to biographical records, Grigore Pintea, son of Cupșa Pintea and Mălinei (born Costan), was born in the village Măgoaja, close to Lăpuș (nowadays in Cluj County, on the southern border of the current Maramureș County), in the same family of petty nobles as Ioan Cupșa. Ioan Cupșa in 1681 has built the Nicula monastery from the Cluj County, donating the famous weeping icon of Mary. On the lands of the same Cupșa family lays the commune Cupșeni from the Maramureș County.

paragraph: During the reign of emperor Leopold I, taxes levied by Austrians in Transylvania led to the curuți revolt. In this context, Francisc Rákóczi II started a national freedom fight based on serfs, and on a help promised by the king of France (Ludovic XIV-lea) and the czar of Rusia (Peter the Great).

paragraph: Grigore Pintea was made captain, in the army Francisc Rákóczi the II-nd. Pintea was educated, knowing many foreign languages and military techniques, studied in imperial garrisons. Performing diplomacy as a good negotiator (resulting the protocols of January 1700 with the leaders of the Sătmar citadel, count F. Löwenburg), Pintea was declared "one of the most significant Romanians from the XVII-th century".

paragraph: In spring 1703, several cities in the north of Transylvania (Zalău, Sătmar, Bistrița, Dej, Sighet) are taken by the revolt. Pintea's army had the task to conquer the Baia Mare citadel. In August the citadel is under siege. In an ambush, Pintea is fatally shot (August 14) in front of the southern gate of the citadel, close to the Tower of the Slaughterers.

paragraph: In the church of Budești there is the iron shirt and helmet worn by Pintea in fights against Tartars, and in the Baia Mare museum one can see his weapons and horse tools.

paragraph: Many places in the region have names mentioning Pintea and his band of outcasts: Pinteas's Spring, Pintea's House, Pintea's Fountain, Pintea's Band, Pintea's Peak and Pintea's cavern. Legends talk about money hidden in caverns by Pintea.

paragraph: Section::::Presumed funeral monument.

paragraph: In the center of a tight loop of the curvy mountain road descending the Gutin Mountain towards Baia Mare, first turn below the Pintea Viteazul restaurant marking the highest point of the pass, one can see his impressing funeral monument (maybe his cenotaph). On the marble tomb-stone one can read the text: “The legend tells that Pintea The Brave, whose life was cut short by the tricks of the Baia Mare nobility on August 7, 1703, was buried in this place by his soldiers”.

paragraph: Section::::Movies.

paragraph: Pintea the Brave was the subject of the movie "Pintea" (1976) staging Florin Piersic in the principal role, directed by Mircea Moldovan, considered as one of the most seen Romanian movies. The movie may not be accurate in all historical details, as new information emerged about the final parts, but it is artistically a success. It features many local cultural details and songs. The movie was recorded in the geographical area of Baia Mare.

wikidata_label: Pintea the Brave

wikipedia_title: Pintea the Brave


text: Catholic

text: Archbishop-Bishop Emeritus of Aversa

text: personal title

text: Lamezia Terme

text: comune

text: Province of Catanzaro

text: Calabria

text: Giovanni Battista Re

text: Myroslav Marusyn

text: Irpina earthquake of 1980

text: Diocese of Aversa

text: ad personam

text: Eucharistic Congress

text: Camorra

text: beatification

text: Giuseppe Diana

text: Casal di Principe

text: San Cipriano d'Aversa

text: Capuchinesse

text: Vatican

text: Frattamaggiore

text: Diocese of Aversa

text: Profile on "Catholic-Hierarchy.org"

categories: People from Lamezia Terme,21st-century Roman Catholic archbishops,20th-century Italian people,20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops,Archbishops of Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi-Conza-Nusco-Bisaccia,Roman Catholic archbishops in Italy,1936 births,Living people,Bishops of Aversa

paragraph: Mario Milano (archbishop)

paragraph: Mario Milano (born 23 April 1936) is an Italian Catholic bishop. He currently holds the title of Archbishop-Bishop Emeritus of Aversa, having been granted the personal title of archbishop, and is the former Archbishop of Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi-Conza-Nusco-Bisaccia.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Mario Milano was born on 23 April 1936 in Lamezia Terme, a "comune" in the Province of Catanzaro and the region of Calabria in Italy. He was ordained a priest on 3 July 1960.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Archbishop of Sant'Angelo.

paragraph: On 14 December 1989, he was elected the Archbishop of Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi-Conza-Nusco-Bisaccia, and was consecrated a bishop on 6 January 1990 by Pope John Paul II with then-Archbishop Giovanni Battista Re and Archbishop Myroslav Marusyn acting as co-consecrators. As bishop, he took the Latin motto ""cum Maria Mater Jesu, cum Petro et sub Petro,"" which translates as "with Mary, Mother of God, with Peter and beneath Peter." During his reign, numerous churches and other structures in the archdiocese that were damaged by the Irpina earthquake of 1980 were reopened or rebuilt.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Bishop of Aversa.

paragraph: On 28 February 1998, Milano was transferred to the more populous Diocese of Aversa, where he retained the title of archbishop "ad personam". His title, therefore, was Archbishop-Bishop of Aversa. During his tenure, the diocese was plagued by serious crime, and his time was marked by the celebration of a Eucharistic Congress and a diocesan synod.

paragraph: However, this episcopate in Aversa was not without controversy. The press characterized Milano as "too soft on the Camorra." This was due, especially, to his refusal to initiate the process for the beatification of Giuseppe Diana, a priest of the Diocese of Aversa killed by the Camorra in Casal di Principe in 1994. In 2007, Milano forbade the presentation of "The Cost of Memory" (), a biography of Diana that criticized the reluctance of the diocese to condemn Camorra killings.

paragraph: On the day of the inauguration of a pastoral center in San Cipriano d'Aversa dedicated to the entrepreneur Dante Passarelli, who died while on trial for associations with the Camorra, Milano stated "If Passarelli was wrong, we do not care; we must love even more he more errs" (), but then requested the removal of the dedication plaque.

paragraph: In 2008, some commentators condemned Milano's failure to take a public stance on a priest arrested and subsequently sentenced for pedophilia. Similarly, the suppression of pastoral initiatives aimed at homosexuals, parents of the disabled, drug addicts, and young people in crisis provoked some negative comments.

paragraph: Significant controversy stemmed from the eviction and threatened secularization of several elderly cloistered nuns at the Capuchinesse convent in Aversa ordered by Milano.

paragraph: On 14 December 2010, a few months before his 75th birthday, Milano announced his resignation as Bishop of Aversa for health reasons, although some press reports attributed his resignation to pressure from the Vatican. On 15 January 2011, Pope Benedict XVI appointed Angelo Spinillo as his successor. Milano, as archbishop emeritus, took up residence in Frattamaggiore in the rectory of the Basilica di San Sossio Levita e Martire.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Diocese of Aversa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Archdiocese of Sant'Angelo dei Lombardi-Conza-Nusco-Bisaccia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile on "Catholic-Hierarchy.org"

description: Italian Catholic archbishop

wikidata_label: Mario Milano

wikipedia_title: Mario Milano (archbishop)


href: Amberg Kassel chemistry University%20of%20Marburg pharmaceutical Heinrich%20Petraeus

text:
Amberg
Kassel
chemist
University of Marburg
pharmaceutical
Heinrich Petraeus

categories: German chemists,People from Amberg,1631 deaths,University of Marburg faculty,1568 births,Date of death unknown,Date of birth unknown

paragraph: Johannes Hartmann

paragraph: Johannes Hartmann (Amberg, 14 January 1568 – Kassel, 7 December 1631) was a German chemist.

paragraph: In 1609, he became the first Professor of Chemistry at the University of Marburg. His teaching dealt mainly with pharmaceuticals. He was the father-in-law of Heinrich Petraeus.

description: German chemist

wikidata_label: Johannes Hartmann

wikipedia_title: Johannes Hartmann


text: Jew

text: United States

text: Congregation Shearith Israel

text: Spanish and Portuguese

text: Synagogue

text: New York City

text: English

text: George Washington

text: Columbia University

text: Moses Mendes

text: Bank of Rhode Island

text: Touro Synagogue

text: Newport

text: Rhode Island

text: George Washington

text: Abraham Mendes

text: Continental Army

text: Benjamin Mendes

text: New York Stock Exchange

text: David Seixas

text: Philadelphia

text: anthracite coal

text: rabbi

text: hazzan

text: Stratford, Connecticut

text: Congregation Mikveh Israel

text: Columbia College

text: New York University

text: War of 1812

text: Emanuel Nunes Carvalho

text: Sephardic

categories: Sephardi Jews,Spanish and Portuguese Jews,1816 deaths,American Jews,Jewish-American history,1745 births,American Sephardic Jews,Columbia University people,Hazzans

paragraph: Gershom Mendes Seixas

paragraph: Gershom Mendes Seixas (January 15, 1745 – July 2, 1816) was the first native-born Jewish religious leader in the United States. An American patriot, he served as the hazzan of Congregation Shearith Israel, the Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue of New York City for about five decades. The first American Jewish clergyman to give a sermon in English, Mendes Seixas became known for his public spirit as well as defense of religious liberty, with activities as varied as assisting during the inauguration of President George Washington to helping found what later became Columbia University.

paragraph: Section::::Early and family life.

paragraph: His father Isaac Mendes Seixas (1709-1780) was a merchant born in Lisbon who emigrated to Barbados and then the United States, living in New York circa 1730 and moving to Newport, Rhode Island around 1765. He married Rachel Franks, who bore seven children, including Gershom. Isaac Mendes Seixas signed the Non-Importation Agreement Act, one of a series of acts of resistance which led to the American Revolutionary War. His eldest brother Moses Mendes (1744–1809), a merchant, helped organize the Bank of Rhode Island in 1796, became the president of the historic Touro Synagogue in Newport, Rhode Island and led the congregation's welcome for President George Washington. His younger brother Abraham Mendes (1751–1799), was an officer in the Continental Army. Another brother, Benjamin Mendes (1748–1817), was one of the founders of the New York Stock Exchange.

paragraph: Seixas married Elkalah Cohen (1749-85) in 1775. After her death, he married Hannah Manuel in 1789. He had 15 children, of whom the most famous would be David Seixas, who established the Pennsylvania Institution for the Deaf and Dumb in Philadelphia, and was among the first to discover efficient ways of burning anthracite coal.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In 1766, Gershom Mendes Seixas became the leader of Shearith Israel, the historic Spanish and Portuguese congregation of New York City, and remained its rabbi for about a half century. Although not an ordained rabbi, he served as hazzan and religious leader to the congregation, and was among the first Jewish communal leaders who was born and educated in the United States. As the British fleet approached New York Bay in August, 1776, Mendes Seixas preached an emotional sermon in English in which he stated that that day's synagogal services might be the last held in the historic edifice. His Patriot loyalties helped influence his congregation to close its synagogue as the British approached, and Mendes Seixas decided to leave New York rather than continue under British rule. He took the scrolls of the Law and other ceremonial items as he left for Stratford, Connecticut, where several members of the congregation joined him. In 1780, patriots who had fled to Philadelphia wanted to establish a permanent congregation, and asked Mendes Seixas to officiate. He thus helped establish Congregation Mikveh Israel. Mendes Seixas invited many important politicians to the dedication, including the governor of Pennsylvania, and would invoke the blessing of Almighty God on "the Members of these States in Congress assembled and on his Excellency George Washington, Commander-General of these Colonies."

paragraph: While living in Philadelphia, Mendes Seixas became a zealous defender of religious liberty. He and several members of his congregation addressed the State's Council of Censors in December 1783, opposing Pennsylvania's adopting a religious test as a qualification for office. He characterized such as "unjust to the members of a persuasion that had always been attached to the American cause and given a support to the country, some in the Continental army, some in the militia, and some by cheerfully paying taxes and sustaining the popular cause."

paragraph: Mendes Seixas returned to New York on March 23, 1784 and resumed his former position at the reopened Shearith Israel. He was one of the first ministers to preach a regular Thanksgiving Day sermon. Mendes Seixas was among the fourteen clergymen participating during George Washington's inauguration as first president of the United States. In 1787 Seixas became a trustee of Columbia College in his hometown and remained such until 1815 (the only Jew so honored in over a century). Mendes Seixas' name also appears as one of the incorporators in the college's charter. In 1802 he helped found a charitable organization known as "Hebra Hased Ve Amet." He also served on the Board of Regents of what became New York University and as a trustee of the Humane Society.

paragraph: Mendes Seixas was a friend of many other religious leaders (although before the Revolutionary War, many held Tory sympathies) and frequently was asked to speak to Christian congregations. He later supported the War of 1812, as well as aid to those suffering from those hostilities.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Gershom Mendes Seixas died on July 2, 1816 and was buried in his congregation's first cemetery, then in the Bowery, now Chinatown. A memorial sermon delivered by Emanuel Nunes Carvalho of Congregation Mikveh Israel and published in Philadelphia became the first Jewish sermon printed in the United States. Congregation Shearith Israel still displays a tablet in his honor. Today, members of the Seixas family are still leaders of the American Sephardic community.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Joseph Heckelman, "The First Jews in the New World", Jay Street Publishers, 2004.

paragraph: BULLET::::- David Pool and Naomi De Sola, "An Old Faith in the New World", Columbia University Press, 1954.

description: American jewish cantor

wikidata_label: Gershom Mendes Seixas

wikipedia_title: Gershom Mendes Seixas


text: Tanta

text: Egypt

text: Beirut

text: Lebanon

text: Melkite Greek Catholic Church

text: Tanta

text: Egypt

text: Aleppo

text: Jerusalem

text: Maximos IV Sayegh

text: Tyre

text: Haifa

text: Nazareth

text: Galilee

text: Cairo

text: Cyril IX Moghabghab

text: Dionysius Kfoury

text: Pierre Medawar

text: Holy Synod

text: Ain Traz

text: Damascus

text: Raboueh

text: Lebanon

text: Lebanese Civil War

text: Walid Jumblatt

text: Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir

text: Maronite

text: Gregory III Laham

text: Beirut

text: 1948 Arab-Israeli War

text: Eilabun

text: Kafr Bir'im

text: Iqrit

text: Vatican

text: Arab League

text: Abba Eban

text: Joseph Schechtman

text: American Christian Palestine Committee

text: British authorities

text: the Mufti

text: Haifa

text: Erskine Childers

text: The Spectator

text: Arabic

text: French

text: Grand Master

text: Melkite Greek Catholic Church

text: Maximos IV Sayegh

text: Joseph Raya

text: Elias Chacour

text: Gregory III Laham

text: Kafr Bir'im

text: Iqrit

text: Biography of Maximos V Hakim

text: Biography of Maximos V Hakim

text: Eban

categories: Levantine-Egyptians,People from Tanta,1908 births,Egyptian Melkite Greek Catholics,2001 deaths,Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarchs of Antioch,Participants in the Second Vatican Council,Founders of Eastern Catholic religious communities

paragraph: Maximos V Hakim

paragraph: Maximos V Hakim (; May 18, 1908, in Tanta, Egypt – June 29, 2001, Beirut, Lebanon) was elected Patriarch of Antioch and All the East, and Alexandria and Jerusalem of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church in 1967 and served until 2000. He guided the church through turbulent changes in the Middle East and rapid expansion in the Western hemisphere.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was born George Selim Hakim at Tanta, Egypt, May 18, 1908, to parents who were originally from Aleppo. He was educated locally and at Le College de la Sainte Famille (High School of the Holy Family) Jesuit school in Cairo. After completing his studies at St. Anne of Jerusalem, he was ordained a priest in the Basilica of St. Anne by Maximos IV Sayegh, then Archbishop of Tyre, on July 20, 1930. As a young priest he taught for a year in the patriarchal school in Beirut before returning to Cairo in 1931.

paragraph: Section::::Episcopate.

paragraph: He was appointed eparch on March 13, 1943 and consecrated Eparch of St. John of Acre, Haifa, Nazareth and all Galilee, in Cairo on June 13, 1943, by Patriarch Cyril IX Moghabghab, assisted by the Archbishops Dionysius Kfoury, Titular bishop of Tarsus dei Greco-Melkiti, and Pierre Medawar, Titular bishop of Pelusium dei Greco-Melkiti, patriarchal auxiliaries. On November 18, 1964 Hakim became Archeparch. He was elected Patriarch by the Holy Synod at Ain Traz on November 22, 1967 and his election was confirmed on November 26 of the same year.

paragraph: As a priest, he distinguished himself by his running of the Patriarchal College in Cairo and by the launching and publication of the review "Le Lien". Later, as an archbishop, he built schools, a junior seminary, an orphanage, a home for the elderly and several churches. He took particular care for the clergy and for the religious and secular orders and he brought in several groups of Europeans come to integrate themselves into the Church. As archbishop he spearheaded efforts to provide relief for Palestinians during the 1948 exodus.

paragraph: Under his guidance as patriarch, a minor seminary was established at Damascus and later a major seminary for the formation of priests was opened at Raboueh in Lebanon. He later funded numerous scholarships for needy seminarians during the Lebanese Civil War. He also oversaw the growth of the Melkite church in North and South America as many of the faithful emigrated to the West.

paragraph: Maximos condemned the violence that pitted Muslim against Christian in Lebanon, where Greek Catholics constitute 4% of the population. In 1982, he negotiated with Druze leader Walid Jumblatt to safeguard ancient Christian villages in the Chouf valley. He enjoyed warmer ties with the Syrian Baath Regime than the Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir, patriarch of the more powerful Maronite Catholic community. Even so, community politics would prove dangerous for him at times. In 1990, he was targeted by would-be assassins as he travelled to the predominantly Christian city of Zahle, located in the predominantly Shi'ite Beq'a valley.

paragraph: Following an old tradition of the more-than-900-year-old Order of Knighthood, founded in Jerusalem to take care of lepers in the Hospital St. Lazare, he was the Spiritual Protector of the international ecumenical Military and Hospitaller Order of St. Lazarus of Jerusalem, as is his successor.

paragraph: Patriarch Maximos resigned on November 22, 2000, due to failing health, and was succeeded by Patriarch Gregory III Laham. He died on June 29, 2001, in Beirut.

paragraph: Section::::1948 Nakba controversy.

paragraph: In the aftermath of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, Hakim negotiated with Yehoshua ("Josh") Palmon, then leader of the "Arab Section" in the Israeli Foreign Ministry, for the return of Galilee Christian Arabs (then refugees in Lebanon) in exchange for Hakim's future goodwill towards the Jewish State. In the end, several thousand (including several hundred from Eilabun) Galilee Christians were allowed to return in the summer of 1949.

paragraph: In the 1950s, while he was archbishop of Galilee, the future patriarch was involved in the fate of the Palestinians of the two depopulated Christian villages of Kafr Bir'im and Iqrit. He alerted the Vatican and other Church authorities about the expulsion of the villagers, and lobbied for their return.

paragraph: A number of sources have quoted Maximos V as having said ""the Arab League had issued orders exhorting the people to seek a temporary refuge in neighboring countries." "For example, Israel's Abba Eban told the U.N. Special Political Committee in 1957 that Hakim had said: The refugees had been confident that their absence from Palestine would not last long; that they would return within a few days [or] within a week or two; their leaders had promised them that the Arab armies would crush the 'Zionist gangs' very quickly and that there would be no need for panic or fear of a long exile.

paragraph: Joseph Schechtman, in his 1949 publication book "The Arab Refugee Problem", quotes Hakim's comment to Karl Baehr, the then Executive Secretary of the American Christian Palestine Committee. Schechtman says of Hakim and his views,

paragraph: The role played by the British authorities in the Arab mass flight is also stressed by Monsignor George Hakim, Archbishop of the Greek Catholic Church (a Uniate Church which is in fellowship with the Vatican and counts 20,864 adherents in Palestine). An Arab himself and a former supporter of the Mufti, Archbishop told Baeher... that an important element in precipitating the flight, particularly in the Haifa area (where Monsignor lives) was "the fact that the British informed the Arabs that they would not protect them. Since most of the Arab leaders had already fled, the people were thrown into a panic so they fled by sea to Lebanon. They fled in spite of the fact that the Jewish authorities guaranteed their safety and rights as citizens of Israel."

paragraph: Erskine Childers investigated the claims made about Hakim, and in "The Spectator" of May 12, 1961, published a letter from Hakim addressing them:

paragraph: There is nothing in this statement to justify the construction which many propagandists had put on it, namely, that it established the allegation widely disseminated by partisan sources that the Arab leaders had urged the Arab inhabitants of Palestine to flee.

paragraph: As far as I can recollect, the aforesaid statement was intended to voice the strong feeling of resentment and revulsion felt by the refugees. They were convinced by what they had heard and read that the defeat of the Jewish armed forces, the re-establishment of peace and order throughout the country, and the institution of Arab rule, would be achieved within a short time. Instead of such achievements the Arab States had twice agreed to a truce, and the Arab armies were inactive. Hence the strong feeling of disappointment and frustration among the file and rank of refugees.

paragraph: At no time did I state that the flight of the refugees was due to the orders, explicit or implicit, of their leaders, military or political, to leave the country and seek shelter in the adjacent Arab territories. On the contrary, no such orders were ever made by the military commanders, or by the Higher Arab Committee, or indeed, by the Arab League or Arab States. I have not the least doubt that any such allegations are sheer concoctions and falsifications. [...]

paragraph: ... as soon as hostilities began between Israel and the Arab States, it became the settled policy of the Government to drive away the Arabs.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: A prolific writer, Maximos is best remembered for his Arabic work "Al Rabita" and French works "Message de Galiléerenc" and "Pages d'Évangile lues en Galilée".

paragraph: Section::::Distinctions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Founder and first Grand Master of the Patriarchal Order of the Holy Cross of Jerusalem

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch and All the East

paragraph: BULLET::::- Melkite Greek Catholic Church

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maximos IV Sayegh, late Patriarch

paragraph: BULLET::::- Joseph Raya, late Archbishop

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elias Chacour, current Archbishop of Galilee

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gregory III Laham, current Patriarch

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kafr Bir'im

paragraph: BULLET::::- Iqrit

paragraph: BULLET::::- Blaming the Victims: Spurious Scholarship and the Palestinian Question, "Broadcasts", by Christopher Hitchens

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography of Maximos V Hakim by GCatholic.org

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography of Maximos V Hakim by melkite.org

paragraph: BULLET::::- Statement to the Special Political Committee of the United Nations General Assembly by Ambassador Eban, 18 November 1955 (Note: Maximos V Hakim is referred to as "George Hakim")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Statement to the Special Political Committee of the United Nations General Assembly by Israeli Ambassador Eban 17 November 1958, on the official Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs website. (Note: Maximos V Hakim is referred to as "George Hakini")

description: Melkite Greek Catholic Patriarch of Antioch

wikidata_label: Maximos V Hakim

wikipedia_title: Maximos V Hakim


text:
golf
Athens, Tennessee
Web.com Tour
PGA Tour
Valero Texas Open
PGA Tour
NGA Hooters Tour
eGolf Professional Tour
Web.com Tour
PGA Tour
Web.com Tour Finals
Rob Oppenheim
2005 Nationwide Tour graduates
2014 Web.com Tour Finals graduates

categories: People from Athens, Tennessee,American male golfers,PGA Tour golfers,Korn Ferry Tour graduates,Sportspeople from Knoxville, Tennessee,East Tennessee State Buccaneers men's golfers,Golfers from Tennessee,Living people,Left-handed golfers,1974 births

paragraph: Eric Axley

paragraph: Eric Allen Axley (born April 22, 1974) is an American professional golfer.

paragraph: Axley was born in Athens, Tennessee. He turned professional in 1997. He is one of the few natural left-handers to win on the Web.com Tour and PGA Tour.

paragraph: In 2006, Axley won the Valero Texas Open, claiming his first PGA Tour win. After a poor 2009 season, Axley lost his PGA Tour playing rights. Axley divided his time among the NGA Hooters Tour, eGolf Professional Tour, Web.com Tour, and PGA Tour.

paragraph: In 2014, Axley tried to play his way back to the PGA Tour through Monday qualifying and past champion status. Axley made seven cuts in ten events and finished 184th in the FedEx Cup standings, good enough for a trip to the Web.com Tour Finals. Axley finished 50th, the last position to earn a PGA Tour card and his first in five years, by just $31.66. After barely gaining a PGA Tour card, he barely missed getting it back for the 2015-16 season, just $101 behind Rob Oppenheim.

paragraph: Section::::Professional wins (5).

paragraph: Section::::Professional wins (5).:Web.com Tour wins (2).

paragraph: Section::::Professional wins (5).:NGA Hooters Tour wins (2).

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002 Northwest Arkansas Classic

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003 Capitol City Open

paragraph: Section::::Results in major championships.

paragraph: CUT = missed the half-way cut

paragraph: "T" = tied

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005 Nationwide Tour graduates

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014 Web.com Tour Finals graduates

description: professional golfer

wikidata_label: Eric Axley

wikipedia_title: Eric Axley