text:
American football
quarterback
Purdue University
Boilermakers
National Football League
Metamora Township High School
Metamora, Illinois
Most Valuable Player
wide receiver
Scout.com
Illinois
Rivals.com
Purdue University
Joe Tiller
Kyle Orton
redshirted
Joey Elliott
Wisconsin Badgers
2011
Rob Henry
Robert Marve
ACL
Middle Tennessee State
Rice
Southeast Missouri State
Notre Dame
Minnesota
Big Ten
Penn State
Illinois
Michigan Wolverines
Michigan Stadium
Camp Randall Stadium
Wisconsin Badgers
Ohio State
Iowa
rival
Indiana
Curtis Painter
2007
2011 Little Caesars Pizza Bowl
Western Michigan
2012 season
Eastern Kentucky
Eastern Michigan
2013 NFL Draft
NFL Scouting Combine
2013 NFL Draft
Pittsburgh Steelers
Arizona Cardinals
Metamora Township High School
Purdue University
sociology
Purdue profile

categories: American football quarterbacks,1990 births,People from Woodford County, Illinois,Purdue Boilermakers football players,Living people

paragraph: Caleb TerBush

paragraph: Caleb Stephen TerBush (born January 5, 1990) is a former American football quarterback. He played for the Purdue University Boilermakers and was briefly signed in the National Football League.

paragraph: Section::::High school career.

paragraph: TerBush went to Metamora Township High School in Metamora, Illinois. There he was a three sport athlete. For football he was coached by Pat Ryan, and led his squad to 14–0 record and Class 5A state championship. After the season, he was named first team all-area and all-conference, and special mention all-state after passing for 1,575 yards and 16 touchdowns with just three interceptions, while rushing for 859 yards with 16 touchdowns. As a result, he was selected team co-Most Valuable Player. As a freshman and junior, he played as a wide receiver. As a college recruit, he was listed as a three-star prospect ranked as the #32 quarterback nationally by Scout.com, and ranked as #6 player in Illinois by Rivals.com.

paragraph: TerBush committed to Purdue University on September 29, 2007. TerBush was not heavily recruited, and was discovered at Joe Tiller's passing camp, the same way Purdue found former Boilermaker great Kyle Orton.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Section::::College career.:2008–2010 seasons.

paragraph: During the 2008 season, his first year, TerBush redshirted to gain a better grasp of the college game and the Purdue playbook.

paragraph: In 2009, TerBush was a backup to Joey Elliott, and only played in one game, a contest against the Wisconsin Badgers on October 31. He completed four of ten passes for 22 yards. He also received team's Newcomer Award - Offense for spring practice in 2009.

paragraph: As a sophomore, TerBush missed all of the 2010 season with academic problems.

paragraph: Section::::College career.:2011 season.

paragraph: Terbush was named the starter for the 2011 season opener, after an injury to Rob Henry, and with Robert Marve still nursing an injured ACL. He led the Boilermakers to a 27–24 victory over Middle Tennessee State in his first career start. In the game, he was 19-of-33 passing for 219 yards (a career-high). He also had a career-high, two touchdown passes in the game, while throwing one interception. Against Rice, TerBush threw for 183 yards along with a touchdown pass, while also running for 68 yards and another score. The Boilermakers lost the game 24–22, as TerBush suffered his first loss as a collegiate starting quarterback. For the Southeast Missouri State game, Marve returned from his injury and was named TerBush's backup. TerBush completed 14 of 17 passes in the game for 143, as the Boilermakers won 59–0. Against Notre Dame, TerBush completed 10 of 15 passes for 101 yards, as well as a touchdown pass and an interception. TerBush started the game, but there was also significant playing time for Marve. The following week against Minnesota, he made his first career Big Ten start. The Boilermakers went on to win the game 45-17 with TerBush and Marve splitting time again. For the game he completed 14 of 21 passes for 140 yards and a touchdown.

paragraph: The following week TerBush led the Boilermakers into Penn State, where he completed 12 of 25 passes for 162 yards with a touchdown and two very costly interceptions. TerBush had the Boilermakers in a position to tie the game in the third quarter, when he hit O.J. Ross with a 14-yard touchdown pass to make the game 13-12. The extra point was missed, spoiling Purdue's momentum. Purdue had a promising drive come to an abrupt halt when TerBush's pass was tipped and then intercepted by Nick Sukay. TerBush went on to lead Purdue to another scoring drive to make it 20–18 with 8:08 left in the fourth quarter, but a late attempt to make a comeback was foiled when he threw another interception with 1:59 remaining. The Boilermakers lost 23–18. On October 22, TerBush passed for 178 yards and tied a career-high with two touchdown passes to lead Purdue to a 21-14 upset victory over No. 23 Illinois. The following week, TerBush completed 9 of 13 passes for 156 yards and a touchdown, while splitting time with Marve. It was the first time in his career that he led the team in rushing yards for a game. Purdue lost the game 36–14 to the 17th-ranked Michigan Wolverines, in Michigan Stadium. On November 5, TerBush led the Boilermakers into Camp Randall Stadium to face the No. 19 Wisconsin Badgers. After Wisconsin got an early lead, TerBush led the Purdue offense down the field using three plays, capped by a 30-yard touchdown pass to Crosby Wright, to tie the game. The game had all the makings of a shootout from the end of the first quarter, with the score 14–10 in favor of Wisconsin, but the Purdue offense was slowed after that with TerBush throwing two interceptions. He was later pulled in favor of Robert Marve, who did not have much success either. TerBush ended the game completing 10 of 19 passes for 103 yards.

paragraph: TerBush started the Ohio State game, and quickly got Purdue up 10–0. After two consecutive drives that ended in Purdue punts, he was benched in favor of Marve. With Marve's first drive, he led the team on an 88-yard touchdown drive. In the second half, Marve started, but the offense came out flat and TerBush was brought back in. After two drives, and no points, Marve was put in again. TerBush ended the game completing 15 for 24 for 140 yards. Purdue went on to win the game 26–23 in overtime with Marve scoring the game-winning touchdown. Despite Marve leading the team to a victory against Ohio State, TerBush would remain the starter against Iowa the following week, needing a win to become bowl eligible. TerBush would keep the team in game in the first half, throwing a touchdown to Gabe Holmes and keeping the Boilermakers within seven points at halftime. After starting the second half slowly, he was replaced by Marve. The Boilermakers went on to lose the game 31–21. After the loss to Iowa, Purdue entered the final game of the regular season needing a win, against rival Indiana, to become bowl eligible. TerBush led seven Purdue scoring drives, completing 16 of 25 passes for 192 yards and a touchdown pass, leading to a 33–25 victory. With the win, TerBush became the first Purdue quarterback the team to a record of .500 or better since Curtis Painter did it in 2007. The Boilermakers won the 2011 Little Caesars Pizza Bowl, against Western Michigan, with TerBush completing 8 of 13 passes for 101 yards and a touchdown. With the win, TerBush helped clinched the school's first winning record since 2007.

paragraph: Section::::College career.:2012 season.

paragraph: During spring practice, TerBush was named a captain for the 2012 season. TerBush entered his senior season looking at splitting playing time once again with Marve, and now the fully recovered Henry. With TerBush working mostly with the first team, he was expected to start the first game of the year, until it was announced (one hour prior to gametime) that he had been suspended and Marve was the starting quarterback. Marve responded by having the best game of his Boilermaker career, throwing for 295 yards and 3 touchdowns, in a 48-6 win over Eastern Kentucky. TerBush returned to his starting role the following week against rival, Notre Dame. TerBush played the entire first quarter for the Boilermakers, but since the Boilermakers were head scoreless, Marve replaced TerBush at quarterback in the second quarter. Marve moved the ball for Purdue, leading them on two scoring drives resulting in 10 points. Marve had Purdue close to scoring again in the 4th quarter, when he was sacked and re-injured his knee. TerBush came in during the drive and threw the game tying score to Antavian Edison. Purdue would lose on the next drive as Notre Dame made a game-winning field goal. The following week, Purdue played Eastern Michigan, and with Marve sidelined with his third ACL tear, TerBush was the unquestioned starter for the first time since the 2011 season opener against Middle Tennessee State. TerBush played the first three quarters of the game, until the Purdue took a large enough lead that Henry could get substantial playing time. TerBush finished the game with 2 passing touchdowns, and added another score on a 2-yard rush in the 2nd quarter.

paragraph: Section::::College career.:Statistics.

paragraph: Through the end of the 2012 season, TerBush's statistics are as follows:

paragraph: TerBush has a 10-11 win/loss ratio for his career as the starting quarterback at Purdue.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Prior to the 2013 NFL Draft, TerBush was projected to be undrafted by NFLDraftScout.com. He was rated as the 44th-best quarterback in the draft. He was not invited to the NFL Scouting Combine, he posted the following numbers during his Purdue pro-day workouts:

paragraph: After going undrafted in the 2013 NFL Draft, TerBuh received a tryout with the Pittsburgh Steelers, but failed to make the roster.

paragraph: On May 13, 2013, TerBush signed with the Arizona Cardinals. On August 25, 2013, he was cut by the Cardinals.

paragraph: Section::::Coaching career.

paragraph: TerBush now serves as the quarterbacks coach at Metamora Township High School.

paragraph: Section::::Personal.

paragraph: TerBush's major at Purdue University was sociology.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Purdue profile

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Caleb TerBush

wikipedia_title: Caleb TerBush


text:
motorcycle racer
MotoGP World Championship
Yamaha factory team
2019 season
Tech3 Yamaha
Gilbert's syndrome
wildcard
Aki Ajo
Jonas Folger Profile

categories: Moto2 World Championship riders,German motorcycle racers,1993 births,Living people,Moto3 World Championship riders,125cc World Championship riders,Tech 3 MotoGP riders

paragraph: Jonas Folger

paragraph: Jonas Folger (born 13 August 1993) is a professional motorcycle racer contracted as a test-rider in the MotoGP World Championship with the Yamaha factory team for the 2019 season. He withdrew from the 2018 season with the Tech3 Yamaha satellite team due to illness, having been diagnosed with Gilbert's syndrome. Yamaha Europe Racing team boss Lin Jarvis confirmed Folger would not enter any races as a wildcard during 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:125cc World Championship.

paragraph: In the 2009 125 World Championship Jonas Folger took his first podium and was Rookie of the Year. In 2011 he moved to Aki Ajo's team taking his first win and two more podiums.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:MotoGP.

paragraph: Folger started the season with a tenth place at the Qatar GP.

paragraph: Section::::Career statistics.

paragraph: Section::::Career statistics.:Grand Prix motorcycle racing.:Races by year.

paragraph: * Season still in progress.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jonas Folger Profile at MotoGP.com

description: German motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Jonas Folger

wikipedia_title: Jonas Folger


text: Naples

text: Italy

text: experimental music

text: composer

text: guitar

text: computer

text: photography

text: Mimmo Jodice

text: visual art

text: electronic music

text: Conservatory of Music

text: Napoli

text: Italy

text: acousmatic

text: sound installation

text: audiovisual art

text: computer music

text: improvisation

text: Napoli

text: Italy

text: Ana-Maria Avram

text: Natasha Barrett

text: Eugene Chadbourne

text: Alvin Curran

text: Chris Cutler

text: Iancu Dumitrescu

text: Michel Godard

text: Tim Hodgkinson

text: Thomas Lehn

text: Lawrence D. "Butch" Morris

text: Jerome Noetinger

text: Tony Oxley

text: Roberto Paci Dalo

text: Evan Parker

text: Giancarlo Schiaffini

text: Mario Schiano

text: Z'EV

text: Ana-Maria Avram

text: Chris Cutler

text: Iancu Dumitrescu

text: Tim Hodgkinson

text: Tim Hodgkinson

text: Staalplaat

text: Recommended Records

text: Recommended Records

text: Recommended Records

text: Ambiances Magnétiques

text: Ambiances Magnétiques

text: Recommended Records

text: TiConZero

text: Die Schachtel

text: Recommended Records

text: List of acousmatic-music composers

text: Electroacoustic music

text: Acousmatic music

text: Sound installation

text: Sound art

text: Musique concrète

text: List of experimental musicians

text: Home page

text: Myspace

text: His biography on electrocd.com

text: CEMAT

text: intervista a Elio Martusciello

text: XXI Musicale

text: sands-zine

text: L'estetica dei media - Mario Costa

text: to extend the visibility

text: allaboutjazz

categories: Musicians from Naples,Italian musicians,Living people,1959 births

paragraph: Elio Martusciello

paragraph: Elio Martusciello (born 23 November 1959, Naples, Italy) is an Italian experimental music composer and performer, principally on guitar and computer. He has studied photography with Mimmo Jodice and visual art with Carlo Alfano, Armando De Stefano and Rosa Panaro. He is a self-taught musician/composer and teaches "electronic music" at Conservatory of Music, Napoli, Italy. His compositional aesthetics are derived from acousmatic issues, but in addition to acousmatic composition he composes for instruments and live electronics, sound installation, multi-media works, audiovisual art and computer music improvisation. He currently lives in Napoli, Italy.

paragraph: Section::::Main collaborations.

paragraph: He has worked with improvising musicians such as Ana-Maria Avram, Natasha Barrett, Eugene Chadbourne, Alvin Curran, Chris Cutler, Iancu Dumitrescu, Michel Godard, Tim Hodgkinson, Thomas Lehn, Lawrence D. "Butch" Morris, Jerome Noetinger, Tony Oxley, Roberto Paci Dalo, Evan Parker, Giancarlo Schiaffini, Mario Schiano, Z'EV, and others.

paragraph: Section::::Bands.

paragraph: Ossatura

paragraph: with Fabrizio Spera and Luca Venitucci

paragraph: Schismophonia

paragraph: with Mike Cooper

paragraph: Taxonomy

paragraph: with Graziano Lella and Roberto Fega

paragraph: Bindou ensemble

paragraph: with Ana-Maria Avram, Chris Cutler, Rhodri Davies, Iancu Dumitrescu and Tim Hodgkinson

paragraph: Le pecore di Dante

paragraph: with Tim Hodgkinson

paragraph: DA

paragraph: with Paganmuzak

paragraph: Xubuxue

paragraph: with Pietro D'Agostino, Marco Ariano and Gianfranco Tedeschi

paragraph: Section::::Selected Discography and videography.

paragraph: E. e M. Martusciello: meta-harmonies (Staalplaat, 1995)

paragraph: Ossatura: dentro (Recommended Records, 1998)

paragraph: Ossatura: verso (Recommended Records, 2002)

paragraph: Aesthetics of the machine (bowindo, 2003)

paragraph: Unoccupied areas (Recommended Records, 2005)

paragraph: Taxonomy: A Global Taxonomycal Machine (Ambiances Magnétiques, 2005)

paragraph: Taxonomy: 10 Taxonomical Movements (Ambiances Magnétiques, 2008)

paragraph: To extend the visibility (Recommended Records, 2009)

paragraph: Concrete songs (TiConZero, 2011)

paragraph: BetweenUs: Chamber Rites (Die Schachtel, 2015)

paragraph: Ossatura: Maps and Mazes (Recommended Records, 2016)

paragraph: incise (em_music, 2018)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of acousmatic-music composers

paragraph: BULLET::::- Electroacoustic music

paragraph: BULLET::::- Acousmatic music

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sound installation

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of free improvising musicians and groups

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sound art

paragraph: BULLET::::- Musique concrète

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of experimental musicians

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Home page

paragraph: BULLET::::- Myspace

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- His biography on electrocd.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- CEMAT

paragraph: BULLET::::- Recommended_Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- Conservatory of Music G.P. da Palestrina

paragraph: BULLET::::- intervista a Elio Martusciello

paragraph: BULLET::::- XXI Musicale

paragraph: BULLET::::- sands-zine

paragraph: BULLET::::- L'estetica dei media - Mario Costa

paragraph: BULLET::::- estetica della macchina - Elio Martusciello

paragraph: BULLET::::- to extend the visibility

paragraph: BULLET::::- allaboutjazz

description: Italian musician

wikidata_label: Elio Martusciello

wikipedia_title: Elio Martusciello


text: Akkadian Empire

text: Sumer

text: city-state

text: Gutian conquest of Sumer

text: Sumerian king list

text: cup-bearer

text: Ur-Zababa

text: Kish

text: Mesopotamia

text: Levant

text: Hurri

text: Elam

text: Akkad

text: Neo-Assyrian

text: Library of Ashurbanipal

text: Akkadian

text: LUGAL

text: Sargon II

text: Sargon II

text: Hebrew Bible

text: Isaiah 20

text: šarru

text: Shamash

text: chronologies of Nabonidus

text: Joachim Menant

text: Sargon I

text: Shar-Kali-Sharri

text: Naram-Sin

text: Sargon II

text: Sumerian king list

text: Ur-Zababa

text: Kish

text: Lugal-zage-si

text: Uruk

text: Akkad

text: Middle Chronology

text: Gutian conquest of Sumer

text: Thorkild Jacobsen

text: Enshakushanna

text: ABC

text: Chronicle of Early Kings

text: Sargon II

text: Neo-Assyrian Empire

text: Louvre

text: Susa

text: 12th century BC

text: Semitic (Akkadian)

text: city of Akkad

text: Kish

text: Inanna

text: Anu

text: ensi

text: Enlil

text: Simurrum

text: East Semitic

text: cuneiform script

text: Akkadian language

text: calligraphy

text: Old Babylonian

text: Nippur

text: University of Pennsylvania

text: Enlil

text: Arno Poebel

text: Uruk

text: Lugalzagesi

text: Ur

text: E-Ninmar

text: Lagash

text: Umma

text: Mari

text: Elam

text: Meluhha

text: Magan

text: Dilmun

text: Dagan

text: Upper Mesopotamia

text: Levant

text: Jarmuth

text: Ibla

text: Amanus

text: Aladagh

text: King of Battle

text: Purushanda

text: Hittite

text: Mediterranean Sea

text: Keftiu

text: Cyprus

text: A. Leo Oppenheim

text: Fertile Crescent

text: Chronicle of Early Kings

text: Elam

text: Awan

text: Susa

text: Barhashe

text: Sumerian-language

text: Nippur

text: La'ibum

text: lacuna

text: Ur-Zababa

text: Kish

text: cup-bearer

text: Inanna

text: Lugal-zage-si

text: Uruk

text: Joseph

text: Bellerophon

text: Uriah

text: Moses

text: Karna

text: Oedipus

text: Otto Rank

text: Moses

text: Joseph Campbell

text: Nimrod

text: Tashlultum

text: Enheduanna

text: Inanna

text: Rimush

text: Manishtushu

text: Naram-Sin

text: Shu-Enlil

text: Ilaba'is-takal

text: indigenous population

text: Sargon I

text: Old Assyrian

text: Middle Hittite

text: Sargon II

text: Isaiah

text: Nabonidus

text: recorded history

text: empire

text: Lugal-anne-mundu

text: Lugal-zage-si

text: Semitic

text: Neo-Sumerian

text: Assyria

text: Babylonia

text: Achaemenid

text: 539 BC

text: historically inaccurate

text: supernatural

text: black magic

text: Randy Couture

text: History of Mesopotamia

text: List of kings of Akkad

text: Beaulieu, Paul-Alain

text: Jacobsen, Thorkild

text: King, L. W.

text: Chronicles Concerning Early Babylonian Kings

text: Kramer, S. Noah

text: Van de Mieroop, Marc

categories: Sumerian rulers,24th-century BC rulers,24th-century BC births,Nimrod,23rd-century BC deaths,23rd-century BC rulers,Akkadian kings,Founding monarchs,Akkadian people

paragraph: Sargon of Akkad

paragraph: Sargon of Akkad (; "Šarru-ukīn" or "Šarru-kēn"), also known as Sargon the Great, was the first ruler of the Akkadian Empire, known for his conquests of the Sumerian city-states in the 24th to 23rd centuries BC.

paragraph: He was the founder of the "Sargonic" or "Old Akkadian" dynasty, which ruled for about a century after his death until the Gutian conquest of Sumer.

paragraph: The Sumerian king list makes him the cup-bearer to king Ur-Zababa of Kish.

paragraph: His empire is thought to have included most of Mesopotamia, parts of the Levant, besides incursions into Hurrite and Elamite territory, ruling from his (archaeologically as yet unidentified) capital, Akkad (also "Agade").

paragraph: Sargon appears as a legendary figure in Neo-Assyrian literature of the 8th to 7th centuries BC.

paragraph: Tablets with fragments of a "Sargon Birth Legend" were found in the Library of Ashurbanipal.

paragraph: Section::::Name.

paragraph: The Akkadian name is normalized as either "Šarru-ukīn" or "Šarru-kēn". The name's cuneiform spelling is variously LUGAL-"ú-kin",

paragraph: "šar-ru-gen", "šar-ru-ki-in", "šar-ru-um-ki-in".

paragraph: In Late Assyrian references, the name is mostly spelled as LUGAL-GI.NA or LUGAL-GIN, i.e. identical to the name of the Neo-Assyrian king Sargon II.

paragraph: The spelling "Sargon" is derived from the single mention of the name (in reference to Sargon II) in the Hebrew Bible, as , in Isaiah 20:1.

paragraph: The first element in the name is "šarru", the Akkadian (East Semitic) for "king" (c.f. Hebrew "sár" ). The second element is derived from the verb "kīnum" "to confirm, establish" (related to Hebrew "kūn" ).

paragraph: A possible interpretation of the reading "Šarru-ukīn" is "the king has established (stability)" or "he [the god] has established the king". Such a name would however be unusual; other names in "-ukīn" always include both a subject and an object, as in "Šamaš-šuma-ukīn" "Shamash has established an heir".

paragraph: There is some debate over whether the name was an adopted regnal name or a birth name.

paragraph: The reading "Šarru-kēn" has been interpreted adjectivally, as "the king is established; legitimate", expanded as a phrase "šarrum ki(e)num".

paragraph: The terms "Pre-Sargonic" and "Post-Sargonic" were used in Assyriology based on the chronologies of Nabonidus before the historical existence of Sargon of Akkad was confirmed.

paragraph: The form "Šarru-ukīn" was known from the Assyrian Sargon Legend discovered in 1867 in Ashurbanipal's library at Nineveh.

paragraph: A contemporary reference to Sargon thought to have been found on the cylinder seal of Ibni-sharru, a high-ranking official serving under Sargon. Joachim Menant published a description of this seal in 1877, reading the king's name as "Shegani-shar-lukh", and did not yet identify it with "Sargon the Elder" (who was identified with the Old Assyrian king Sargon I).

paragraph: In 1883, the British Museum acquired the "mace-head of Shar-Gani-sharri", a votive gift deposited at the temple of Shamash in Sippar. This "Shar-Gani" was identified with the Sargon of Agade of Assyrian legend.

paragraph: The identification of "Shar-Gani-sharri" with Sargon was recognised as mistaken in the 1910s. Shar-Gani-sharri (Shar-Kali-Sharri) is, in fact, Sargon's great-grandson, the successor of Naram-Sin.

paragraph: It is not entirely clear whether the Neo-Assyrian king Sargon II was directly named for Sargon of Akkad, as there is some uncertainty whether his name should be rendered "Šarru-ukīn" or as "Šarru-kēn(u)".

paragraph: Section::::Chronology.

paragraph: Primary sources pertaining to Sargon are very sparse; the main near-contemporary reference is that in the various versions of the Sumerian king list.

paragraph: Here, Sargon is mentioned as the son of a gardener, former cup-bearer of Ur-Zababa of Kish. He usurped the kingship from Lugal-zage-si of Uruk and took it to his own city of Akkad. Various copies of the king list give the duration of his reign as either 54, 55 or 56 years.

paragraph: In absolute years, his reign would correspond to ca. 2340–2284 BC in the Middle Chronology. His successors until the Gutian conquest of Sumer are also known as the "Sargonic Dynasty" and their rule as the "Sargonic Period" of Mesopotamian history.

paragraph: Foster (1982) argued that the reading of 55 years as the duration of Sargon's reign was, in fact, a corruption of an original interpretation of 37 years. An older version of the king list gives Sargon's reign as lasting for 40 years.

paragraph: Thorkild Jacobsen marked the clause about Sargon's father being a gardener as a lacuna, indicating his uncertainty about its meaning. Ur-Zababa and Lugal-zage-si are both listed as kings, but separated by several additional named rulers of Kish, who seem to have been merely governors or vassals under the Akkadian Empire.

paragraph: The claim that Sargon was the original founder of Akkad has been called into question with the discovery of an inscription mentioning the place and dated to the first year of Enshakushanna, who almost certainly preceded him. The "Weidner Chronicle" (ABC 19:51) states that it was Sargon who "built Babylon in front of Akkad." The "Chronicle of Early Kings" (ABC 20:18–19) likewise states that late in his reign, Sargon "dug up the soil of the pit of Babylon, and made a counterpart of Babylon next to Agade." Van de Mieroop suggested that those two chronicles may refer to the much later Assyrian king, Sargon II of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, rather than to Sargon of Akkad.

paragraph: Section::::Historiography.

paragraph: Sargon became the subject of legendary narratives describing his rise to power from humble origins and his conquest of Mesopotamia in later Assyrian and Babylonian literature. Apart from these secondary, and partly legendary, accounts, there are many inscriptions due to Sargon himself, although the majority of these are known only from much later copies. The Louvre has fragments of two Sargonic victory steles recovered from Susa (where

paragraph: they were presumably transported from Mesopotamia in the 12th century BC).

paragraph: Sargon appears to have promoted the use of Semitic (Akkadian) in inscriptions.

paragraph: He frequently calls himself "king of Akkad" first, after the city of Akkad which he apparently founded. He appears to have taken over the rule of Kish at some point, and later also much of Mesopotamia, referring to himself as

paragraph: "Sargon, king of Akkad, overseer of Inanna, king of Kish, anointed of Anu, king of the land [Mesopotamia], governor (ensi) of Enlil".

paragraph: While various copies of the Sumerian king list credit Sargon with a 56, 55, or 54-year reign, dated documents have been found for only four different year-names of his actual reign. The names of these four years describe his campaigns against Elam, Mari, Simurrum (a Hurrian region), and Uru'a (an Elamite city-state).

paragraph: During Sargon's reign, East Semitic was standardized and adapted for use with the cuneiform script previously used in the Sumerian language into what is now known as the "Akkadian language". A style of calligraphy developed in which text on clay tablets and cylinder seals was arranged amidst scenes of mythology and ritual.

paragraph: Section::::Historiography.:Nippur inscription.

paragraph: Among the most important sources for Sargon's reign is a tablet of the Old Babylonian period recovered at Nippur in the University of Pennsylvania expedition in the 1890s. The tablet is a copy of the inscriptions on the pedestal of a Statue erected by Sargon in the temple of Enlil. Its text was edited by Arno Poebel (1909) and Leon Legrain (1926).

paragraph: In the inscription, Sargon styles himself "Sargon, king of Akkad, overseer ("mashkim") of Inanna, king of Kish, anointed ("guda") of Anu, king of the land [Mesopotamia], governor ("ensi") of Enlil".

paragraph: It celebrates the conquest of Uruk and the defeat of Lugalzagesi, whom Sargon brought "in a collar to the gate of Enlil."

paragraph: Sargon then conquered Ur and E-Ninmar and "laid waste" the territory from Lagash to the sea, and from there went on to conquer and destroy Umma, and he collected tribute from Mari and Elam. He triumphed over 34 cities in total. Ships from Meluhha, Magan and Dilmun, rode at anchor in his capital of Akkad.

paragraph: Submitting himself to the (Levantine god) Dagan, Sargon conquered territories of Upper Mesopotamia and the Levant, including Mari, Yarmuti (Jarmuth?) and Ibla "up to the Cedar Forest (the Amanus) and up to the Silver Mountain (Aladagh?)", ruling from the "upper sea" (Mediterranean) to the "lower sea" (Persian Gulf).

paragraph: He entertained a court or standing army of 5,400 men who "ate bread daily before him".

paragraph: Section::::Historiography.:Sargon Epos.

paragraph: A group of four Babylonian texts, summarized as "Sargon Epos" or "Res Gestae Sargonis", shows Sargon as a military commander asking the advice of many subordinates before going on campaigns.

paragraph: The narrative of "Sargon, the Conquering Hero," is set at Sargon's court, in a situation of crisis. Sargon addresses his warriors, praising the virtue of heroism, and a lecture by a courtier on the glory achieved by a champion of the army, a narrative relating a campaign of Sargon's into the far land of "Uta-raspashtim", including an account of a "darkening of the Sun" and the conquest of the land of "Simurrum",

paragraph: and a concluding oration by Sargon listing his conquests.

paragraph: The narrative of "King of Battle" relates Sargon's campaign against the Anatolian city of Purushanda in order to protect his merchants.

paragraph: Versions of this narrative in both Hittite and Akkadian have been found.

paragraph: The Hittite version is extant in six fragments, the Akkadian version is known from several manuscripts

paragraph: found at Amarna, Assur, and Nineveh.

paragraph: The narrative is anachronistic, portraying Sargon in a 19th-century milieu. The same text mentions that Sargon crossed the Sea of the West (Mediterranean Sea) and ended up in Kuppara, which some authors have interpreted as the Akkadian word for Keftiu, an ancient locale usually associated with Crete or Cyprus.

paragraph: Famine and war threatened Sargon's empire during the latter years of his reign. The "Chronicle of Early Kings" reports that revolts broke out throughout the area under the last years of his overlordship:

paragraph: A. Leo Oppenheim translates the last sentence as "From the East to the West he [i.e. Marduk] alienated (them) from him and inflicted upon (him as punishment) that he could not rest (in his grave)."

paragraph: Section::::Historiography.:"Chronicle of Early Kings".

paragraph: Shortly after securing Sumer, Sargon embarked on a series of campaigns to subjugate the entire Fertile Crescent. According to the "Chronicle of Early Kings", a later Babylonian historiographical text:

paragraph: In the east, Sargon defeated an invasion by the four leaders of Elam, led by the king of Awan. Their cities were sacked; the governors, viceroys, and kings of Susa, Barhashe, and neighboring districts became vassals of Akkad.

paragraph: Section::::Origin legends.

paragraph: Section::::Origin legends.:Sumerian legend.

paragraph: The Sumerian-language "Sargon legend" contains a legendary account of Sargon's rise to power. It is an older version of the previously-known Assyrian legend, discovered in 1974 in Nippur and first edited in 1983.

paragraph: The extant versions are incomplete, but the surviving fragments name Sargon's father as La'ibum. After a lacuna, the text skips to Ur-Zababa, king of Kish, who awakens after a dream, the contents of which are not revealed on the surviving portion of the tablet. For unknown reasons, Ur-Zababa appoints Sargon as his cup-bearer. Soon after this, Ur-Zababa invites Sargon to his chambers to discuss a dream of Sargon's, involving the favor of the goddess Inanna and the drowning of Ur-Zababa by the goddess. Deeply frightened, Ur-Zababa orders Sargon murdered by the hands of Beliš-tikal, the chief smith, but Inanna prevents it, demanding that Sargon stop at the gates because of his being "polluted with blood." When Sargon returns to Ur-Zababa, the king becomes frightened again and decides to send Sargon to king Lugal-zage-si of Uruk with a message on a clay tablet asking him to slay Sargon. The legend breaks off at this point; presumably, the missing sections described how Sargon becomes king.

paragraph: The part of the interpretation of the king's dream has parallels to the biblical story of Joseph, the part about the letter with the carrier's death sentence has similarities to the Greek story of Bellerophon and the biblical story of Uriah.

paragraph: Section::::Origin legends.:Birth legend.

paragraph: A Neo-Assyrian text from the 7th century BC purporting to be Sargon's autobiography asserts that the great king was the illegitimate son of a priestess.

paragraph: Only the beginning of the text (the first two columns) is known, from the fragments of three manuscripts.

paragraph: The first fragments were discovered as early as 1850.

paragraph: Sargon's birth and his early childhood are described thus:

paragraph: Similarities between the Sargon Birth Legend and other infant birth exposures in ancient literature, including Moses, Karna, and Oedipus, were noted by psychoanalyst Otto Rank in 1909. The legend was also studied in detail by Brian Lewis, and compared with many different examples of the infant birth exposure motif found in European and Asian folktales. He discusses a possible archetype form, giving particular attention to the Sargon legend and the account of the birth of Moses. Joseph Campbell has also made such comparisons.

paragraph: Sargon is also one of the many suggestions for the identity or inspiration for the biblical Nimrod. Ewing William (1910) suggested Sargon based on his unification of the Babylonians and the Neo-Assyrian birth legend. Yigal Levin (2002) suggested that Nimrod was a recollection of Sargon and his grandson Naram-Sin, with the name "Nimrod" derived from the latter.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: The name of Sargon's main wife, Queen Tashlultum, and those of a number of his children are known to us. His daughter Enheduanna was a priestess who composed ritual hymns. Many of her works, including her "Exaltation of Inanna", were in use for centuries thereafter. Sargon was succeeded by his son Rimush; after Rimush's death another son, Manishtushu, became king. Manishtushu would be succeeded by his own son, Naram-Sin. Two other sons, Shu-Enlil (Ibarum) and Ilaba'is-takal (Abaish-Takal), are known.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Sargon was regarded as a model by Mesopotamian kings for some two millennia after his death. The Assyrian and Babylonian kings who based their empires in Mesopotamia saw themselves as the heirs of Sargon's empire.

paragraph: Sargon may indeed have introduced the notion of "empire" as understood in the later Assyrian period; the Neo-Assyrian "Sargon Text", written in the first person, has Sargon challenging later rulers to "govern the black-headed people" (i.e. the indigenous population of Mesopotamia) as he did.

paragraph: Sargon I was a king of the Old Assyrian period presumably named after Sargon of Akkad.

paragraph: An important source for "Sargonic heroes" in oral tradition in the later Bronze Age is a Middle Hittite (15th century BC) record of a Hurro-Hittite song, which calls upon Sargon and his immediate successors as "deified kings" ("šarrena").

paragraph: Sargon II (r. 722–705 BC) was a Neo-Assyrian king named after Sargon of Akkad.

paragraph: It is this king whose name was rendered "Sargon" () in the Hebrew Bible (Isaiah 20:1).

paragraph: Neo-Babylonian king Nabonidus (r. 556–539 BC) showed great interest in the history of the Sargonid dynasty and even conducted excavations of Sargon's palaces and those of his successors.

paragraph: Sargon of Akkad is sometimes identified as the first person in recorded history to rule over an empire (in the sense of the central government of a multi-ethnic territory), although earlier Sumerian rulers

paragraph: Lugal-anne-mundu and Lugal-zage-si might have a similar claim.

paragraph: His rule also heralds the history of Semitic empires in the Ancient Near East, which, following the Neo-Sumerian interruption (21st/20th centuries BC),

paragraph: lasted for close to fifteen centuries, including the history of Assyria and Babylonia up to the Achaemenid conquest in 539 BC.

paragraph: Section::::Popular culture.

paragraph: Although historically inaccurate and supernatural in nature, "" (2008) features Sargon of Akkad as a murderous army commander who uses black magic. He was the film's main villain and was portrayed by American actor and mixed martial artist Randy Couture. This is one of the few films, if not the only film, to depict Sargon.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of Mesopotamia

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of kings of Akkad

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Albright, W. F., "A Babylonian Geographical Treatise on Sargon of Akkad's Empire", Journal of the American Oriental Society (1925).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bachvarova, Mary R., "Sargon the Great: from history to myth", chapter 8 in: "From Hittite to Homer: The Anatolian Background of Ancient Greek Epic' ", Cambridge University Press (2016), 166–198.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beaulieu, Paul-Alain, "et al." "A Companion to the Ancient near East". Blackwell, 2005.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Botsforth, George W., ed. "The Reign of Sargon". "A Source-Book of Ancient History." New York: Macmillan, 1912.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cooper, Jerrold S. and Wolfgang Heimpel. "The Sumerian Sargon Legend." "Journal of the American Oriental Society", Vol. 103, No. 1, (January-March 1983).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Foster, Benjamin R., "The Age of Akkad. Inventing Empire in Ancient Mesopotamia", Routledge, 2016.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Frayne, Douglas R. "Sargonic and Gutian Period." "The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia", Vol. 2. University of Toronto Press, 1993.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gadd, C.J. "The Dynasty of Agade and the Gutian Invasion." "Cambridge Ancient History", rev. ed., vol. 1, ch. 19. Cambridge Univ. Press, 1963.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Glassner, Jean-Jacques. "Mesopotamian Chronicles", Atlanta, 2004.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grayson, Albert Kirk. "Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles". J. J. Augustin, 1975; Eisenbrauns, 2000.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jacobsen, Thorkild, "The Sumerian King List", Assyriological Studies, No. 11, Chicago: Oriental Institute, 1939.

paragraph: BULLET::::- King, L. W., "Chronicles Concerning Early Babylonian Kings", II, London, 1907, pp.  87–96.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kramer, S. Noah. "The Sumerians: Their History, Culture and Character", Chicago, 1963.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kramer, S. Noah. "History Begins at Sumer: Thirty-Nine "Firsts" in Recorded History." Univ. of Pennsylvania Press, 1981.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lewis, Brian. "The Sargon Legend: A Study of the Akkadian Text and the Tale of the Hero Who Was Exposed at Birth." American Schools of Oriental Research Dissertation Series, No. 4. Cambridge, MA: American Schools of Oriental Research, 1984.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Luckenbill, D. D., "On the Opening Lines of the Legend of Sargon", The American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures (1917).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Postgate, Nicholas. "Early Mesopotamia: Society and Economy at the Dawn of History". Routledge, 1994.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roux, G. "Ancient Iraq", London, 1980.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Schomp, Virginia. "Ancient Mesopotamia". Franklin Watts, 2005.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Van de Mieroop, Marc. "A History of the Ancient Near East: ca. 3000–323 BC." Blackwell, 2006, .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Van de Mieroop, Marc., "Cuneiform Texts and the Writing of History", Routledge, 1999.

wikipedia_title: Sargon of Akkad


text:
stained-glass
Wales
Haworth
Keighley
Royal College of Art
Henry Moore
Cardiff College of Art
Penarth
foundry
World War II
Llandaff Cathedral
Durham Cathedral
St David's Cathedral
Peterborough Cathedral
Roath
St German's Church
Adamsdown
reredos
St Martin le Grand, York
stained glass
Chippenham
BBC
National Museum Cardiff
National Library of Wales
Aberystwyth
MBE
Barry
Grangetown, Cardiff
Penmark
Pyle
Margam Abbey
Penyrheol, Caerphilly
Ely, Cardiff
St. Michael's College, Llandaff
Priory Church of St Mary, Abergavenny
Doncaster
Roath
Roath
Splott
Roath Park
St German's Church
Adamsdown
Brompton, Hambleton
George Pace
St John the Baptist Church, Cardiff
Bede
Saint Teilo
Lisvane
Whitchurch
Patrishow
Saint Issui
Margam Abbey
Fairwater, Cardiff
Gelligaer
Kenfig
Blaenavon
St. Brendan's Sixth Form College
Eglwysilan
Splott
Coychurch
Rumney, Cardiff
Barry
Newcastle Emlyn
Llysworney
Caerphilly
Llantwit Fardre
Ynysybwl
Neath
Wenvoe
Michaelston-le-Pit
Chancel
Stoke, Plymouth

categories: British stained glass artists and manufacturers,People from Haworth,Alumni of the Royal College of Art,British male sculptors,1914 births,2000 deaths,20th-century British sculptors

paragraph: Frank Roper

paragraph: Frank Roper (12 December 1914 – 3 December 2000) was a British sculptor and stained-glass artist who undertook commissions for churches and cathedrals across Wales and England.

paragraph: In addition to religious commissions, Roper created a wide variety of sculptures which were sold privately and to corporate bodies. These included including nudes, bulls and birds, as well as animated sculpture, such as musical fountains and water clocks. Roper was also a potter and a calligrapher.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Frank Roper was born 12 December 1914 in Haworth, Yorkshire. He studied at Keighley Art School (meeting his future wife, Nora Ellison) and the Royal College of Art, London, where he was a student of Henry Moore. In 1947 he became a sculpture lecturer at Cardiff College of Art, later vice principal, remaining there until he retired in 1973. He lived in Penarth and created his own foundry on the ground floor of his house where he made his metal sculptures. Roper is credited with inventing the lost-polystyrene casting process.

paragraph: Many of Roper's early commissions stemmed from the need to repair places of worship after they had suffered bomb damage during World War II. His major commissions included work on Llandaff Cathedral, Durham Cathedral, St David's Cathedral, Pembrokeshire and Peterborough Cathedral. He created a wall-mounted "Stations of the Cross" (1959) for St Martin's in Roath, "Crucifixion with Mary and John" (1965) outside St German's Church, Adamsdown, Cardiff and an aluminium reredos screen (1968) for St Martin le Grand, York. Roper also created engraved and stained glass, for example at St Peter's Church, Chippenham.

paragraph: Two BBC television programmes were made about Roper, one in 1964 ("Mind into Metal – Frank Roper, Sculptor) and the other in 1976 ("Look, Stranger: Sculpture and Singing Fountains). Examples of his secular work can be found in the collections of the National Museum Cardiff and the National Library of Wales, Aberystwyth.

paragraph: Roper was awarded the MBE in 1991 for his services to art.

paragraph: He died at the end of 2000. In 2014 an exhibition marking the centenary year of his birth was held at the Travellers Gallery, Barry. A memorial service at Llandaff Cathedral was planned for the centenary date, 12 December 2014.

paragraph: Section::::Notable works.

paragraph: Section::::Notable works.:Ecclesiastical sculpture.

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Samson & St Dyfrig, Grangetown, Cardiff, aluminium crucifixion (date unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Church of St Mary, Penmark, Vale of Glamorgan, bronze figure of the Virgin Mary (date unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Church of St James, Pyle, Bridgend, aluminium figure of Christ reigning from the Cross (date unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Church of St Mary, Margam Abbey, Margam, Neath Port Talbot, aluminium hanging rood (date unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Andrew's Church, Penyrheol, Caerphilly, sculpture of Christ suspended over the high altar (date unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Church of the Resurrection, Ely, Cardiff, stone altar, screen, crucifix and furnishings (dates unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chapel of St. Michael's College, Llandaff, small figure of St Michael (date unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Priory Church of St Mary, Abergavenny, crucifix (date unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Leonard & St Jude, Doncaster, sculpture (date unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Martin's Church, Roath, Cardiff, wood carving of St Martin and the Beggar (1956/7)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Martin's Church, Roath, Cardiff, aluminium, Stations of the Cross (1959)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Saviour's, Splott, Cardiff, aluminium, Stations of the Cross (1961)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Llandaff Cathedral (Lady Chapel), bronze panels of flowers (1964)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Christ Church, Roath Park, Cardiff, "Crucifix" in the church forecourt (1964?)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St German's Church, Adamsdown, Cardiff, wrought iron "Crucifixion with Mary and John" in the church forecourt (1965)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St. Thomas' Church, Brompton, Hambleton, North Yorkshire, reredos of the Last Supper in aluminium, collaboration with George Pace (1965)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Martin-le-Grand, York, gilt aluminium reredos of the Last Supper (1968)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St John the Baptist Church, Cardiff, aluminium Crucifixion with the Virgin Mary and St John in the Lady Chapel (1969)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Durham Cathedral, panel for the tomb of Bede (1970)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Llandaff Cathedral, small bronze frieze of Saint Teilo (1973)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St David's Cathedral, Pembrokeshire, lady chapel screen (1973)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Peterborough Cathedral, crucifix (suspended above main altar) (1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Denys, Lisvane, Cardiff, sanctuary fittings (1979?)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wells Cathedral, Somerset, set of Nativity and Epiphany figures in aluminium (1978/9)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Bernadette, Whitchurch, Bristol, suspended crucifix (1982)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Patrishow near Crickhowell in Powys, figure of Saint Issui in aluminium (1995)

paragraph: Section::::Notable works.:Glass.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Church of St Mary, Margam Abbey, Margam, Neath Port Talbot, "I Am the Bread of Life" stained glass window (date unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Peter's Church, Fairwater, Cardiff, stained glass window (date unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Church of St Catwg, Gelligaer, Caerphilly, stained glass in nave's north window (date unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Church of St Mary Magdalen, Kenfig, Bridgend, stained glass in nave's south window (date unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Peter's Church, Blaenavon, Torfaen, chancel stained glass windows (date unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St. Brendan's Sixth Form College chapel, Bristol, Stations of the Cross etchings on glass (date unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Ilan's Church, Eglwysilan, window in south nave, "Saint John" (1961)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Saviour's Church, Splott, Cardiff, two windows in the north aisle (1963)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Crallo's Church, Coychurch, engraved glass west windows (c.1963)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Peter's Church, Chippenham, comprehensive architectural glass scheme (1968) in collaboration with his wife, Nora

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Augustine, Rumney, Cardiff, representation of Virgin and Child, internal glass panel (1969)

paragraph: BULLET::::- All Saints Church, Barry, Sanctuary window "Supper at Emmaus" (c. 1971)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Church of Our Lady Queen of Peace, Newcastle Emlyn, architectural stained glass windows (1971–73)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Tydfil's Church, Llysworney, "Christ as King and as Good Shepherd" semi-abstract stained glass with thickenings (1972)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Martin’s Church, Caerphilly, St Francis window (1973)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Church of St Illtyd, Llantwit Fardre, Rhondda Cynon Taf, "Christ in Majesty" stained glass window (1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Christ Church, Ynysybwl, "Christ surrounded by a crown of thorns" stained glass east window

paragraph: BULLET::::- St David’s Church, Neath, Neath Port Talbot, two stained glass windows of musical angels (1981)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Church of St Mary, Wenvoe, stained glass window above the doors to the tower, depicting the Virgin and Child framed in a Jesse tree (1981)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Michael and All Angels, Michaelston-le-Pit, windows of seasons in flowers in the Chancel (c. 1986)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Mary’s, Talbenny, Pembrokeshire, windows depicting the Resurrection, St David and St Bride (date unknown)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stoke Methodist Church (now called Stoke Christian Centre), Stoke, Plymouth, a long frieze window depicting the Creation (date unknown)

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Roper Exhibition Group (2003), Llandaff Cathedral, "The Religious Art of Frank Roper: An Introduction"

description: British sculptor and Stained-glass artist

wikidata_label: Frank Roper

wikipedia_title: Frank Roper


text:
Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey
Richard
Canadian Armoured Corps
Earl Grey

categories: People from Watford,Earls Grey,Living people,1940 births

paragraph: Philip Kent Grey, 7th Earl Grey

paragraph: Philip Kent Grey, 7th Earl Grey (born 11 May 1940) is a British pilot and hereditary peer.

paragraph: His great-great-grandfather George (1809–1891) was the fourth son of Charles Grey, 2nd Earl Grey, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He had an elder brother, Richard, who succeeded to the peerage in 1963. Their father, Albert Harry George Campbell Grey, had served Canadian Armoured Corps when he was killed in 1942.

paragraph: Philip Grey succeeded his brother in 2013, becoming the 7th Earl Grey.

paragraph: In 1968, he married Ann Catherine Applegate, with whom he has two children: Alexander Edward, Viscount Howick (born 20 December 1968) and Lady Vanessa Catherine (born 1975).

description: British hereditary peer

wikidata_label: Philip Kent Grey, 7th Earl Grey

wikipedia_title: Philip Kent Grey, 7th Earl Grey


text: PC(Ire)

text: QC

text: Lord Chief Justice of Ireland

text: barrister

text: Queen's Counsel

text: Solicitor-General for Ireland

text: Attorney General for Ireland

text: Francis Sheehy-Skeffington

text: Easter Rising

text: Government of Ireland Act

text: Northern Ireland

text: Home Rule

text: Lord Chief Justice of Ireland

text: Letters Patent

text: Great Seal of Ireland

text: Lord Chancellor of Ireland

text: Government of Ireland Act

text: Lord Chief Justice of Southern Ireland

text: Chief Secretary for Ireland

text: Edward Shortt

text: Home Secretary

text: Law Lords

text: Government of Ireland Act

text: Irish Free State

text: Lord Chancellor of Ireland

text: Irish civil war

text: Four Courts

text: Chief Justice of the Irish Free State

text: Vice-Chancellor

text: Trinity College Dublin

text: Trinity College Dublin

text: Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland

text: Chief Justice of Ireland

categories: Lords Justice of Appeal for Ireland,Members of the Privy Council of Ireland,Judges of the High Court of Justice in Ireland,1865 births,Serjeants-at-law (Ireland),19th-century Irish people,1949 deaths,Lords Chief Justice of Ireland,Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom,People from Dublin (city),19th-century Irish lawyers,Irish barristers,Statistical and Social Inquiry Society of Ireland,Solicitors-General for Ireland

paragraph: Thomas Molony

paragraph: Sir Thomas Francis Molony, 1st Baronet, PC(Ire), QC (1865–1949) was the last Lord Chief Justice of Ireland. He was also the only Judge to hold the position of Lord Chief Justice of Southern Ireland although he did not hold that position under that title.

paragraph: Section::::Early career and politics.

paragraph: Molony qualified as a barrister in 1887 and became a Queen's Counsel in 1899. He served as Solicitor-General for Ireland (24 June 1912 to 10 April 1913) when he was appointed Attorney General for Ireland (10 April 1913 to 20 June 1913). Later in 1913, Molony was made a judge of the High Court for Ireland and from 1915 sat as a judge of the Court of Appeal for Ireland. He was also appointed to several governmental inquiries, notably one on certain shootings including that of Francis Sheehy-Skeffington in the wake of the 1916 Irish Easter Rising.

paragraph: In terms of his own politics, Molony has been described as "“a Home Ruler of the old stamp"". He was opposed to the partition of Ireland. When the Government of Ireland Act was being drafted he declined an invitation to travel to London to advise on proposals relating to the creation of a separate judiciary for what was to be "Northern Ireland". In correspondence with government officials, he expressed his particular disappointment that unlike previous Home Rule Bills, it was now proposed that the Irish judiciary would be divided. He opined that this would impose unnecessary expense, lead to duplication of administrative expenses and that the proposals were "“detrimental to the dignity and authority of the Bench...and would tend to...prolong the separation of the two parts of Ireland, which it is hoped ultimately to re-unite"".

paragraph: Section::::Defending his title.

paragraph: Molony was appointed the Lord Chief Justice of Ireland in 1918 under Letters Patent from the King under the Great Seal of Ireland. At the time of his appointment, this was the second highest judicial posting in Ireland, second only to that of the Lord Chancellor of Ireland. However, Molony's position was shortly to be under attack. In 1920 the British Government began drafting Home Rule legislation which ultimately led later that year to the Government of Ireland Act. The draft legislation proposed that the "Lord Chief Justice of Ireland" would become the "Lord Chief Justice of Southern Ireland". Molony "“expressed disquiet at the apparent proposal to lessen the dignity and prerogatives of his own office"". He sought the retention of the title of "Lord Chief Justice of Ireland", at the very least for as long as he still held that post personally. In a letter to the Chief Secretary for Ireland, Molony sought an amendment to the legislation to insert a clause to provide that "nothing in the legislation shall affect the rank, title or precedence of the existing Lord Chief Justice of Ireland" (i.e. Molony). The Chief Secretary responded to the effect that it would be anomalous for there to be a "Lord Chief Justice of Ireland" and a "Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland". Molony countered this by pointing to one such anomaly that was universally accepted:

paragraph: Molony corresponded with a number of other prominent members of the British administration including Edward Shortt, the Home Secretary. He argued that the withdrawal of his title was "unconstitutional and unjust" and that his option to retire was no answer at a time when his "retirement would certainly be regarded as a triumph for the forces of disorder". Later, in October, Molony travelled to London to address a Cabinet Committee on the matter but this was not a success and Molony bemoaned how little interest in Irish affairs was taken by the government. As the Government of Ireland Bill left the House of Commons in November 1920, Molony sought the support of a number of Law Lords. Finally, the government compromised on the matter: An amendment to the effect that the "Lord Chief Justice of Ireland" would if he consented become the first "Lord Chief Justice of Southern Ireland" but would keep his title and rank (as well as certain non-judicial offices) was accepted.

paragraph: The exact provision in the Government of Ireland Act under which Molony personally retained his title was under Part III(1) of the Seventh Schedule which provided that:

paragraph: Section::::Highest judge in the land.

paragraph: On 6 December 1922 (i.e. the day the Irish Free State came into being), the position of "Lord Chancellor of Ireland" was abolished. The leadership of the judiciary in the emerging Irish Free State now fell to Molony. That same year, the Irish civil war began. The Four Courts were burnt down. It was not an easy time to be a judge with violence raging and a new Irish government coming into power whose members had themselves shortly before been rebels. Molony made an effective and dignified attempt to proceed with "business as usual" and uphold the laws of the land.

paragraph: Molony adopted a tough stance. The penalty of capital punishment was regularly handed down by his judiciary during the Irish Civil War. Indeed, even after that War, Molony handed down more death sentences than would have been usual in peacetime – four such sentences were handed down in the four weeks towards the end of 1923, two on the same day, 12 December.

paragraph: One of the more notable events of his judicial leadership was that he administered the Oath of Office to the first Governor-General of the Irish Free State.

paragraph: He was president of the Statistical and Social Inquiry Society of Ireland between 1920 and 1924.

paragraph: Section::::Retirement.

paragraph: In May 1924, together with most other members of the Irish judiciary associated with the "ancien régime", Molony retired as the Irish government established its own court system under The Courts of Justice Act 1924. The office of "Lord Chief Justice of Ireland" and indeed of "Lord Chief Justice of Southern Ireland" were abolished. His successor as leader of the judiciary was the first Chief Justice of the Irish Free State. Molony had an audience with the King on 14 July 1924 upon relinquishing his appointment as Lord Chief Justice of Ireland. He was created a Baronet, of the City of Dublin, in 1925.

paragraph: Molony retired to England but was made Vice-Chancellor of Trinity College Dublin in 1931. Molony died in 1949. His family consisted of his wife Pauline, only daughter of Mr. Bernard Rispin, of Dublin, and three sons and three daughters. His eldest son, Hugh Francis Molony, born in 1900, was a graduate in engineering of Trinity College Dublin and succeeded his father to the baronetcy.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chief Justice of Ireland

description: Irish judge

wikidata_label: Thomas Molony

wikipedia_title: Thomas Molony


text:
Spanish
Cardinal
Roman Catholic Church
Archbishop of Granada
cardinalate
Pope Pius XII
Fuensaldaña
seminary
Valladolid
ordained
priesthood
Pontifical University of Valladolid
Rector
canon penitentiary
cathedral
chapter
Astorga
director
diocesan
newspaper
diocesan curia
Salamanca
dean
Theological
Faculty
Pontifical University of Salamanca
Domestic Prelate of His Holiness
Bishop of Palencia
Pope Benedict XV
episcopal consecration
Julián de Diego y García Alcolea
Manuel de Castro y Alosnso
Manuel Vidal y Boullon
co-consecrators
Cathedral of Salamanca
Archbishop of Granada
vacancy
Assistant at the Pontifical Throne
Pope Pius XII
Cardinal Priest
Sant'Agostino
consistory
Granada
metropolitan cathedral of Granada
Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church
Catholic-Hierarchy

categories: 1946 deaths,Cardinals created by Pope Pius XII,1872 births,Roman Catholic archbishops in Spain,Spanish cardinals,20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops,Pontifical University of Salamanca faculty

paragraph: Agustín Parrado y García

paragraph: Agustín Parrado y García (5 October 1872—8 October 1946) was a Spanish Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Granada from 1934 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1946 by Pope Pius XII.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Agustín Parrado y García was born in Fuensaldaña, and studied at the seminary in Valladolid before being ordained to the priesthood on 21 September 1895. He then taught at the Valladolid seminary and at the Pontifical University of Valladolid. After becoming Vice-Rector of the seminary of Valladolid, Parrado was made canon penitentiary of the cathedral chapter of Astorga, director of its diocesan newspaper, and an official of the diocesan curia.

paragraph: He was later made a diocesan official of Salamanca, dean of the Theological Faculty at the Pontifical University of Salamanca, and Domestic Prelate of His Holiness on 14 June 1922.

paragraph: On 20 May 1925, Parrado was appointed Bishop of Palencia by Pope Benedict XV. He received his episcopal consecration in the same year from Archbishop Julián de Diego y García Alcolea, with Bishops Manuel de Castro y Alosnso and Manuel Vidal y Boullon serving as co-consecrators, in the Cathedral of Salamanca.

paragraph: Parrado was later named Archbishop of Granada, ending a nearly four-year-long vacancy, on 7 March 1934 and an Assistant at the Pontifical Throne on 17 October 1945. Pope Pius XII created him Cardinal Priest of "Sant'Agostino" in the consistory of 22 February 1946.

paragraph: The Cardinal died in Granada, at age 74. He is buried in the metropolitan cathedral of Granada.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic-Hierarchy

description: Catholic cardinal

wikidata_label: Agustín Parrado y García

wikipedia_title: Agustín Parrado y García


text: Polish

text: avant-garde

text: artist

text: mountaineer

text: Warsaw

text: Kingdom of Poland

text: Russian Empire

text: Poland

text: Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw

text: Miłosz Kotarbiński

text: illustrator

text: theatre

text: set designer

text: photomontage

text: abstract art

text: Bucharest

text: utilitarianism

text: tuberculosis

text: Zakopane

text: Tatras

text: mountaineering

text: Zamarła Turnia

text: Tatra Mountains

categories: Mountaineering deaths,Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw alumni,1898 births,Polish mountain climbers,1927 deaths,Artists from Warsaw,20th-century Polish painters

paragraph: Mieczysław Szczuka

paragraph: Mieczysław Szczuka (October 19, 1898 – August 13, 1927) was a Polish avant-garde artist and mountaineer.

paragraph: Szczuka was born in Warsaw, Kingdom of Poland, Russian Empire (now Poland) and studied painting in 1915-1918 at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw, with Professor Miłosz Kotarbiński. After graduation, he worked as painter and graphic artist. His main work was as a book illustrator and a theatre set designer. He also produced photomontages and abstract art films. Szczuka participated in several international exhibitions such as the "First exhibition of modern art" in Bucharest. A promoter of utilitarianism in Poland, Szczuka joined the group of avantgarde artists "Blok".

paragraph: Diagnosed with tuberculosis, in 1923 Mieczysław Szczuka moved to the mountain resort of Zakopane at the foot of Tatras. He started mountaineering and in 1923-1927 repeated some most difficult climbs of the time and established own new routes.

paragraph: He died in an accident while climbing the south face of Zamarła Turnia in the Tatra Mountains with some novice climber.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kossowska, Irena. "Sylwetki sztuka. Mieczysław Szczuka" Instytut Sztuki Polskiej Akademii Nauk, July 2002. (Retrieved 13 April 2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Internet version of "Wielka Encyklopedia Tatrzanska", entry "Szczuka Mieczysław" (as a mountaineer) (after Zofia i Witold H. Paryscy, "Wielka Encyklopedia Tatrzańska) (Retrieved 13 April 2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zofia Radwańska-Paryska, Witold Henryk Paryski – "Wielka Encyklopedia Tatrzańska" Wydawnictwo Górskie, 1995, reprint edition 2004,

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 18 Most Important Polish Graphic Designers of the 20th Century

description: Polish artist and mountain climber

wikidata_label: Mieczysław Szczuka

wikipedia_title: Mieczysław Szczuka


text: KG

text: Arnhem

text: Duke of Guelders

text: Duke of Jülich

text: Prussian crusade

text: France

text: Brabant

text: Charles IV

text: Wenceslaus

text: Richard II of England

text: Conrad Zöllner von Rothenstein

text: Grand Master

text: Teutonic Knights

text: William II, Duke of Jülich

text: Maria of Guelders

text: Reginald III, Duke of Guelders

text: Edward, Duke of Guelders

text: Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor

text: Wenceslaus I, Duke of Luxembourg

text: Joanna, Duchess of Brabant

text: Battle of Baesweiler

text: Katherine of Bavaria

text: Albert I, Duke of Bavaria

text: Reginald II, Duke of Guelders

text: Eleanor of Woodstock

text: Edward II of England

text: Mechelen

text: John II, Count of Blois

text: War of the Succession of Guelders

text: minor

text: Emperor Charles IV

text: Zutphen

text: homage

text: Frederik van Heeckeren van der Eze

text: chivalry

text: tournaments

text: crusades

text: Lithuanians

text: East Prussia

text: Teutonic Order

text: William of Holland

text: Hundred Years' War

text: Duchy of Brabant

text: Grave, North Brabant

text: Charles VI of France

text: Pomerania

text: Wartislaw VII, Duke of Pomerania

text: Conrad Zöllner von Rothenstein

text: Teutonic Order

text: Bohemia

text: Wenceslaus, King of the Romans

text: Knight of the Garter

text: Richard II of England

text: Holy Land

text: Moorish pirates

text: Barbary

text: Prussia

text: Hundred Years' War

text: Frankfurt

text: Aachen

text: Rupert of Germany

text: Adolf, Duke of Jülich-Berg

text: William VII of Jülich, 1st Duke of Berg

text: Arnold of Egmond

text: Maria van Arkel

text: Count John XII of Arkel

text: University of Cologne

text: Antoine, Duke of Brabant

text: Catharina of Bavaria

text: Albert I, Duke of Bavaria

text: Edward, Duke of Guelders

text: Hattem

categories: 1364 births,House of Jülich-Hengebach,1402 deaths,Christians of the Prussian Crusade,Dukes of Jülich,Dukes of Guelders

paragraph: William I of Guelders and Jülich

paragraph: William I of Guelders and Jülich KG (5 March 1364 – 16 February 1402, Arnhem) was Duke of Guelders, as William I, from 1377 and Duke of Jülich, as William III, from 1393. William was known for his military activities, participating in the Prussian crusade five times and battling with neighbors in France and Brabant throughout his rule. His allies included Holy Roman Emperors, Charles IV and Wenceslaus, Richard II of England, and Conrad Zöllner von Rothenstein, the Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights. During his reign the duchies of Guelders and Jülich were temporarily unified.

paragraph: Section::::Childhood and accession.

paragraph: William was the eldest son of William II, Duke of Jülich and Maria of Guelders, half-sister of Reginald III, Duke of Guelders and Edward, Duke of Guelders. The brothers Edward and Reginald disputed the Duchy, with Edward taking control in 1361, imprisoning his brother. In 1366, Edward violated a peace made with Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor and Wenceslaus I, Duke of Luxembourg (who was Duke of Brabant by marriage to Joanna, Duchess of Brabant) by not protecting Brabant merchants in the land between the Rhine and the Meuse who were under threat by armed men involved in the English-French wars. Wenceslaus's army then invaded and engaged in the Battle of Baesweiler in August 1371. Duke Edward, who was about to marry Katherine of Bavaria, daughter of Albert I, Duke of Bavaria, joined the battle and captured Duke Wenceslaus, but was wounded by an arrow and died. Reginald was immediately released, but died of ill health in three months, neither leaving heirs. This led to internal dissent over succession. Edward and Reginald were the only children of Reginald II, Duke of Guelders and Eleanor of Woodstock, daughter of Edward II of England, and Reginald's only male heirs. Reginald II's first marriage was to Sophia Berthout, Lady of Mechelen, which led to four daughters. Two daughters, Maria and Mathilde, then made claim to the title. Mathilde's claim was based on her position as eldest daughter. Maria based her claim on William, who was seven at the time, being the only male representative of the blood of Guelders. Maria quickly married John II, Count of Blois, and this grievance precipitated into the War of the Succession of Guelders. William's father, William II, Duke of Jülich, was granted the right to administer the duchy by Emperor Charles IV during his son's minority. At this time a marriage was arranged between the young William and Catharina of Bavaria, who had been betrothed to his uncle Edward. However, as part of the reconciliation between the houses of Blois and Jülich, some of Guelders remained under the control of Mathilde, and the upper district was under control of Jülich.

paragraph: In 1377, upon the boys majority, Emperor Charles IV granted Guelders and Zutphen to William, the son of William II, but it took two more years to consolidate his authority over the entire duchy. He immediately received homage from Arnhem, Nimwegen, and the upper district. However, William did not recognize all of the municipal privileges granted by his half-uncle, Duke Reginald. His rule was opposed by some cities, notably Betuwe and Veluw, and by nobles led by Frederik van Heeckeren van der Eze, who had supported Mathilde (and Reginald) in comparison to nobles led by Gijsbert V van Bronckhorst, Heer van Bronckhorst who had supported Edward and Maria. William consolidated control after besieging a number of castles of Hekeren nobles. His father accompanied him in a victory over the lord of Voorst near Gennep and Reginald van Brederede van Gennep, the chief leader of the Hekerens. With this, Mathilde and John of Blois renounced all claim to Guelders and Zutphen on March 24, 1379. That fall William married Catherine.

paragraph: Section::::Wars and rule.

paragraph: William's rule is cited as an example of the chivalry of that time in France and the Netherlands. He put on many tournaments and sports at arms, and has been called an ideal knight. He participated in crusades against the Lithuanians in East Prussia in the territories of the Teutonic Order with William of Holland, first in 1383, and later in 1388–89 and 1393. He was an ally of the English in the Hundred Years' War. And continuing the enmity from the War of the Succession of Guelders, he fought successfully in 1386–1388 with his father against the Duchy of Brabant, which was allied with France and Burgundy. William's army advanced far into Brabant, although his army was stalled in a battle near Grave, North Brabant in July 1388. His actions and alliance with England have been seen as reckless, and raised the ire of Charles VI of France, who advanced on Guelders with an army of 100,000. William narrowly escaped disaster with an apology, but his stand against the French made him famous throughout Europe.

paragraph: Section::::Capture in Pomerania.

paragraph: Shortly after his campaigns in Brabant, William departed again for Prussia with a large army. He was quite successful in this crusade, but was taken prisoner near Stolpe in Pomerania, the land of Wartislaw VII, Duke of Pomerania. He was taken to the castle of Falkenburg, where he stayed for six months. Conrad Zöllner von Rothenstein, the grand master of the Teutonic Order, won his freedom. William demanded that his freedom be formally declared, but the Pomeranian was embarrassed by his defeat. In fear of the citizens, the Pomeranian nobleman hid in a tree on one side of a brook and shouted his declaration of William's freedom to William and the Teutonic Knights who were on the other side. William then returned to Guelders by way of Bohemia, where he visited his brother-in-law, Wenceslaus, King of the Romans.

paragraph: Section::::Return to Europe.

paragraph: In the spring of 1390 William went to England and was made a Knight of the Garter by Richard II of England - and was the first continental nobleman to be honored in this way. The next year he made a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, and in the summer of 1391 he joined a French fleet to fight Moorish pirates of the coast of Barbary. He returned to the crusades in Prussia in the winter of 1392 and 1393, and inherited the Duchy of Jülich (as William III) in 1393 upon the death of his father. This involved him in new difficulties with neighbors in Cologne, Berg, Cleves, and Mark. In 1399, further hostilities with Brabant resulted finally in cession of Grave to Guelders. He also participated in a fourth campaign against the Prussians in 1399, and then a fifth crusade.

paragraph: As part of his involvement in the Hundred Years' War, he played an important role as he was in control of the coronation road between Frankfurt and Aachen, which passed through his territory. He was thus able to prevent the coronation of Rupert of Germany in 1400. In the fall of 1401 William was intending to prepare to join his brother in law, John van Arkel, in his war against Duke Albert in Holland. However, he took sick, and died 16 February 1402.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Had William lived longer, it is likely that he would have continued to resist Burgundian influence in the Netherlands, and his legacy was heavily tied with his external wars. Although these wars came at a cost for the people of Guelders and Jülich, his activity did allow for his counties to thrive economically and to unite against an external enemy. As evidence the political parties of the Heeckeren and the Bronckhorstens were reconciled. After his death, his only brother Reginald IV succeeded him as duke of a united Jülich and Guelders-Zutphen. Reginald was less warlike, although tensions continued with Cleves over Lymers and Zevenaar, and the town of Emmerich was ceded to Cleves. Upon the death of Reginald, also without issue, the Duchy of Jülich went to Adolf, Duke of Jülich-Berg, son of William VII of Jülich, 1st Duke of Berg, and grandson of Gerhard VI of Jülich, Count of Berg and Ravensberg, brother of William's father. The Duchy of Guelders-Zutphen went to Arnold of Egmond, son of Maria van Arkel, daughter of William's sister, Joanna, and Count John XII of Arkel.

paragraph: Section::::Personal retinue.

paragraph: The court of Guelders at the end of the 14th century and beginning of the 15th century was quite celebrated, including numerous physicians, barbers, falconers and cooks. Among his retinue, William kept head cooks Evarardus Bolte, Crumken, and Elbertus van Eijll (who continued as master cook for William's successor, Reginald IV). Elbertus may have been the grandson of Evarardus Bolte, and a genealogie of Elbertus' grandson in about 1440 claimed that Elbertus married a bastard daughter of Duke William named Margaret. In 1396, during a visit to the English king, the cooks entered a cooking contest against their English counterparts led by then head cook, Crumken.

paragraph: William kept many physicians. In 1388/89, three physicians are mentioned: Arnt van Auwel, Clais, and Peter, as well as a healer of wounds, Jan van Asperen. Later, Peter van Orten and Giesbert van Berg were separately brought into William's household after serving as professors of Medicine at the University of Cologne. Giesbert managed to work as a physician to Duchess Johanna and Antoine, Duke of Brabant, enemies of Guelders. When sick in 1401 and 1402, other doctors were called: Derich Distel, Volpart, Evert vander Eze, and an English physician, Thomas.

paragraph: William had many assistants who administered his lands while he was on campaigns. In 1388 during campaigns in Prussia, William left Henry of Steenbergen to administer Jülich and Guelders. In 1390 while visiting the King of England, he left Johann von der Velde called Honselaerr, who had fought with Duke William against Brabant in Grave.

paragraph: His musicians included Claes Heynenzoon, called Herald Gelre, also famous for his Wapenboek Gelre, a book containing drawings of the coats of arms of many famous nobles, an artist called Middelen, and Henric the Bohemian.

paragraph: Section::::Wife and children.

paragraph: William married in 1379 Catharina of Bavaria (1361 – 11 November 1400), daughter of Albert I, Duke of Bavaria, who had been betrothed to his uncle Edward, Duke of Guelders. The marriage remained childless, and Katherine died in Hattem on 11 November 1400. Upon his death in 1402, William was buried next to his wife at Monnikhuizen monastery near Arnhem.

paragraph: William had illegitimate children including:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Margaret, aforementioned wife of Elbert van Eijll

paragraph: BULLET::::- Johanna of Guelders-Jülich, married Johan VI of Kuyk

paragraph: BULLET::::- Johan of Guelders, son of Mechtild van Brackel, married Hadewig van Sinderen

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maria of Jülich, married Johan van Buren, and had issue.

description: Duke of Guelders and Julich

wikidata_label: William I of Guelders and Jülich

wikipedia_title: William I of Guelders and Jülich


text:
motorcycle speedway
Speedway World Championship
World Team Cup
1969
London
Wembley Stadium
1970
Wroclaw
Olympic Stadium
1975
London
Wembley Stadium
1968
London
Wembley Stadium
Andrzej Wyglenda
Edmund Migos
Paweł Waloszek
Edward Jancarz
1969
Rybnik
Rybnik Municipal Stadium
Edward Jancarz
Andrzej Wyglenda
Stanislaw Tkocz
Andrzej Pogorzelski
1970
London
Wembley Stadium
Antoni Woryna
Jan Mucha
Paweł Waloszek
Edmund Migos
1971
Wroclaw
Olympic Stadium
Paweł Waloszek
Antoni Woryna
Edward Jancarz
Andrzej Wyglenda
1972
Olching
Olching Speedwaybahn
Zenon Plech
Paweł Waloszek
Marek Cieślak
Zdzisław Dobrucki
1975
Norden
Motodrom Halbemond
Zenon Plech
Edward Jancarz
Marek Cieslak
Jerzy Rembas

categories: Polish people of German descent,2014 deaths,People from Rybnik,Reading Racers riders,Polish speedway riders,1945 births,Polonia Bydgoszcz riders

paragraph: Henryk Glücklich

paragraph: Henryk Glücklich (22 January 1945 – 23 September 2014) was an international motorcycle speedway rider who appeared in the Speedway World Championship finals three times, finishing fifth in 1970. He also rode in five World Team Cup finals.

paragraph: Section::::World Final appearances.

paragraph: Section::::World Final appearances.:Individual World Championship.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1969 - London, Wembley Stadium - 12th - 5pts

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970 - Wroclaw, Olympic Stadium - 5th - 9pts

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1975 - London, Wembley Stadium - 16th - 0pts

paragraph: Section::::World Final appearances.:World Team Cup.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1968 - London, Wembley Stadium (with Andrzej Wyglenda / Edmund Migos / Paweł Waloszek / Edward Jancarz) - 3rd - 19pts (2)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1969 - Rybnik, Rybnik Municipal Stadium (with Edward Jancarz / Andrzej Wyglenda / Stanislaw Tkocz / Andrzej Pogorzelski) - Winner - 31pts (3)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970 - London, Wembley Stadium (with Antoni Woryna / Jan Mucha / Paweł Waloszek / Edmund Migos) - 3rd - 20pts (3)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1971 - Wroclaw, Olympic Stadium (with Paweł Waloszek / Antoni Woryna / Edward Jancarz / Andrzej Wyglenda) - 3rd - 19pts (4)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972 - Olching, Olching Speedwaybahn (with Zenon Plech / Paweł Waloszek / Marek Cieślak / Zdzisław Dobrucki) - 3rd - 21pts (6)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1975 - Norden, Motodrom Halbemond (with Zenon Plech / Edward Jancarz / Marek Cieslak / Jerzy Rembas) - 4th - 9pt (2)

description: Polish speedway rider

wikidata_label: Henryk Glücklich

wikipedia_title: Henryk Glücklich


text:
German
diver
1928 Summer Olympics
3 m springboard
Berlin State Opera
World War II

categories: 1912 births,Olympic divers of Germany,German female divers,1990 deaths,Divers at the 1928 Summer Olympics

paragraph: Ilse Meudtner

paragraph: Ilse Meudtner (1 November 1912 – 18 July 1990) was a German diver. She competed at the 1928 Summer Olympics in the 3 m springboard and finished fourth.

paragraph: Between 1934 and 1940 Meudtner was a solo dancer at the Berlin State Opera, and during World War II she performed abroad. After the war she married a Dutch man and became a Dutch citizen. An injury in 1955 ended her dancing career. Since 1964 she worked as a journalist in Madrid.

description: German diver

wikidata_label: Ilse Meudtner

wikipedia_title: Ilse Meudtner


text: Venezuela

text: footballer

text: attacking midfielder

text: assistant manager

text: SD Ponferradina

text: La Liga

text: Racing de Santander

text: Rayo Vallecano

text: Murcia

text: Almería

text: Mallorca

text: Segunda División

text: Numancia

text: Spain at youth level

text: Venezuela

text: playmaker

text: Caracas

text: Sada, Galicia

text: Spain at youth level

text: 1999 Meridian Cup

text: under-17 team

text: Real Madrid

text: the B

text: C-sides

text: Racing de Santander

text: Cantabria

text: La Liga

text: The following campaign

text: Rayo Vallecano

text: ranking last

text: Real Murcia

text: free kick

text: CD Numancia

text: attacking

text: holding midfielder

text: Andoni Goikoetxea

text: Soria

text: 2007–08 championship

text: Málaga CF

text: UD Almería

text: free transfer

text: Gonzalo Arconada

text: ACF Fiorentina

text: Felipe Melo

text: Andalusia

text: transfer deadline

text: RCD Mallorca

text: Balearic Islands

text: finish fifth

text: qualify

text: UEFA Europa League

text: CD Tenerife

text: 2014–15 campaign

text: Juan Antonio Anquela

text: ankle

text: caps

text: Spain

text: Venezuela

text: Argentina

text: 2014 FIFA World Cup

text: qualifiers

text: Bolo

text: SD Ponferradina

text: newly promoted to the second tier

text: Javier

text: Spain

text: FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup

categories: Venezuelan people of Galician descent,Spanish footballers,Venezuelan footballers,Segunda División players,UD Almería players,Real Madrid Castilla footballers,Racing de Santander players,1981 births,CD Numancia players,Real Madrid C footballers,Venezuelan people of Spanish descent,Real Madrid CF players,Spain under-21 international footballers,RCD Mallorca players,La Liga players,Spain youth international footballers,Rayo Vallecano players,Association football midfielders,Living people,Real Murcia players,CD Tenerife players,Segunda División B players,Sportspeople from Caracas,Tercera División players

paragraph: Julio Álvarez

paragraph: Julio Álvarez Mosquera (born 1 May 1981) is a Venezuelan retired footballer who played as an attacking midfielder, and is the assistant manager of SD Ponferradina.

paragraph: He appeared in 98 La Liga games over five seasons (14 goals), representing Racing de Santander, Rayo Vallecano, Murcia, Almería and Mallorca. In addition, he played 376 matches in Segunda División, mainly at the service of Numancia.

paragraph: After competing for Spain at youth level, Álvarez represented Venezuela internationally.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Real Madrid.

paragraph: A playmaker, Álvarez was born in Caracas and moved to Spain aged four to reunite with his parents, settling in Sada, Galicia. He showed early promise while playing for Spain at youth level, winning the 1999 Meridian Cup with the under-17 team and also appearing at the 1998 UEFA European Under-16 Championship (third place). Subsequently, he joined Real Madrid to finish his formation but, despite very good performances overall for the B and C-sides, could never break into the main squad.

paragraph: Álvarez was loaned by the "Merengues" to Racing de Santander in 2000–01. However, he was mostly injured, and could not help the Cantabria team escape La Liga relegation at the season's end. The following campaign, with 31 matches and one goal, he helped the former quickly return to the top flight.

paragraph: In July 2002, Álvarez was sent on loan again, to first division's Rayo Vallecano where he scored eight times and was one of the team's best players, but again his team failed to retain their status, ranking last.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Murcia.

paragraph: Several teams made offers, and Álvarez was finally signed by Real Murcia. Before playing any games for his new club he got injured, and struggled throughout the vast majority of the season, finishing with 12 just appearances as the side went on to rank 20th; fully recovered, he went on to be a very important team player, showing impressive skills and netting some deciders, despite a poor year collectively in 2005–06, that almost ended in relegation – he also established himself as a free kick specialist.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Numancia / Almería.

paragraph: Álvarez was transfer listed in summer 2006 and, on 9 August, he joined CD Numancia on a two-year deal. Playing as an attacking or holding midfielder, he again showed enough quality to earn a regular starting eleven berth under manager Andoni Goikoetxea and, following the departure of some important players, became a key player in team's push for promotion, scoring more winning goals; the Sorians won the 2007–08 championship, five points clear of Málaga CF.

paragraph: Álvarez's contract expired by the end of the season and UD Almería signed him on a free transfer on 3 July 2008, where he got the opportunity to work again with Gonzalo Arconada, his former boss at Numancia. He replaced ACF Fiorentina-bound Felipe Melo.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Mallorca / Tenerife.

paragraph: After an irregular season in Andalusia, Álvarez was released hours before the transfer deadline in August 2009, and joined RCD Mallorca shortly after. On 23 July 2010, after helping the Balearic Islands side finish fifth and qualify for the UEFA Europa League, the 29-year-old signed a three-year contract with CD Tenerife, which had in turn relegated from the top division.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Numancia return.

paragraph: On 11 August 2011, Álvarez returned to Numancia after terminating his contract with Tenerife. During the 2014–15 campaign, he scored a career-best 12 goals under Juan Antonio Anquela.

paragraph: On 2 March 2017, Álvarez signed a new three-year deal with the club. In April, he suffered an ankle injury which kept him out for 13 months.

paragraph: On 13 July 2018, 37-year-old Álvarez announced his retirement from professional football.

paragraph: Section::::International career.

paragraph: Álvarez won 28 caps for Spain, all youth levels combined. On 14 October 2011, after switching allegiance to his country of birth, the 30-year-old made his debut for Venezuela in a 1–0 home win against Argentina for the 2014 FIFA World Cup qualifiers.

paragraph: Section::::Coaching career.

paragraph: On 10 July 2019, Álvarez was named Bolo's assistant at SD Ponferradina, newly promoted to the second tier.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Álvarez's older brother, Javier, was also a footballer and a midfielder. He spent his entire career in Spanish amateur football; in addition, he represented Spain in three FIFA Beach Soccer World Cups (2006, 2007 and 2008).

description: footballer

wikidata_label: Julio Álvarez

wikipedia_title: Julio Álvarez