text:
Count of Loon
Count of Chiny
John I, Count of Looz
Henri
Count of Luxembourg
Renaud I
Siegfried von Westerburg
archbishop of Cologne
Battle of Worringen
War of Limburg succession
Awans
Hugues de Chalon
Adolph II of La Marck
Bar Thiebaut
Abbey of Averbode

paragraph: Arnold V, Count of Looz

paragraph: Arnold V de Looz, (died August 22, 1327) was Count of Loon from 1279 to 1323 and Count of Chiny (Arnulf III) from 1299 to 1310. He was the son of John I, Count of Looz and Mathilde Jülich.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He helped Richardis Gelderland, his widow maternal grandfather, Henri, Count of Luxembourg and Renaud I, Count of Gelderland, fight Siegfried von Westerburg, archbishop of Cologne. Taken prisoner, he had to pay a ransom to be freed.

paragraph: He was forced to deal with Isabelle de Conde, widow of his father in 1281 and had to assign a dower, and give Warcq, Agimont and Givet to his half-brothers John and Jacquemin. In turn, they give up their rights to the county of Loon. This is the only condition that the parents of Marguerite one hand, and his uncle Nicolas II de Conde on the other hand, consent to marriage.

paragraph: In 1288, he commanded a corps of the army of John I, Duke of Brabant, and contributed much to the victory on June 5 in the famous Battle of Worringen (on the Rhine), which ended the War of Limburg succession between Renaud, Count of Gelderland, husband of Ermingarde heiress, Duchess of Limburg (+ 1283), and the Duke of Brabant.

paragraph: he ranks in the war of Awans and Waroux between families Waroux and Awans, from 1297 to 1335, on the side of the bishops of Liege, Hugues de Chalon (from 1396-1301) and Adolph II of La Marck (1313 to 1344), Haspengouw dependent on these princes. He was appointed regent Mambourg or Liège after the death of Adolf II of Waldeck (1302).

paragraph: In 1299, death without his uncle's son Louis V, he inherited Chiny (is this uncle who organized in 1285 the famous Tournament Chauvency, Jacques Bretel celebrated).

paragraph: In 1312, the death of the bishop of Liege Bar Thiebaut prompted him to return to Liege, but faces revolt of the bourgeoisie. The principality was ravaged and saw the excommunication of the count.

paragraph: He competed at the famous peace of Fexhe, signed June 18, 1316, which establishes the sharing of power between the prince, the clergy, the nobility and the cities of the principality of Liège and its capital, Liège. It was formal and legal recognition of the division of government between the prince and the country.

paragraph: Both in Liege and in Brabant he supported the nobility and opposed the common revolts.

paragraph: Towards the end of his reign, he gradually withdrew its counties. In 1313, he sold the County of Chiny to his son Louis, then in 1323 the county of Loon.

paragraph: He died August 22, 1327 and is buried at the Abbey of Averbode.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and family.

paragraph: He married June 21, 1280 Marguerite Vianden († 1316), Lady of Perwez and Grimbergen, daughter of Philip I, Count of Vianden, and Marie de Louvain, and had:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Louis IV († 1336), Count of Loon and Chiny,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean, who died young,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arnold,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mathilde (1282 † 1313), married to Godefroy II, Lord of Heinsberg, Blankenberge and WASSEMBERG (1331), in which she dowry Fortress Vogelsanck (the current town of Heusden-Zolder, Belgium Limburg) with areas of Zwilre, Sonhoven and Hautaets and parent Thierry Heinsberg, Count of Loon and Chiny,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mary, married first husband Gilles Berthout, confessed Mechelen, died childless in 1310; she married second husband Gerard Diest, lord of Antwerp; she dies without children shortly after,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jeanne, lady Quaetbeke, Arnulf of widow Wesemael, lord of Bergen op Zom of Woude and Quaetbeke, died around 1312; she then married William of Oreye, to be lord of Rummen (Rumigny) by donation of Louis IV of Loon in 1331

paragraph: BULLET::::- Margaret, wife of William de Duras, told of Neufchatel, Esquire; his father gave him as dowry the castle and lordship of Duras;

paragraph: BULLET::::- as he survives his half-brothers Counts of Chiny, it brings it to his possessions county, and in 1299 added to his titles that of Count of Chiny.

wikidata_label: Arnold V, Count of Loon

wikipedia_title: Arnold V, Count of Looz


text:
Ihringshausen
Kassel
Germany
photographer
Ihringshausen
Fuldatal
Germany
self-employed
photographer
Kodak
Siemens
Zumtobel
Jazz musician
Charly Antolini
Audi
Art Directors Club
Porto Heli
Greece
ad campaigns
Mercedes-Benz
Porsche
Bugatti

categories: German photographers,1939 births,Living people

paragraph: Manfred Rieker

paragraph: Manfred Rieker (* December 22, 1939 in Ihringshausen, Kassel, Germany) is a German photographer and photo designer He works in the advertising field for national and international corporate clients and individuals in the automobile, furniture and show business industry.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Manfred Rieker was born in 1939 in Ihringshausen near Fuldatal, Germany. In 1969 became a self-employed advertising photographer. He has worked with national and international companies and individuals such as Kodak, Siemens, Zumtobel, Interstuhl or the Jazz musician Charly Antolini, Mercedes, and Audi. Audi had an exclusive agreement with Rieker starting 1985 for which he created a custom made light concept.

paragraph: 1973 the Professional Association of Freelance Photographers and Film Creators (BFF Berufsverband Freie Fotografen und Filmgestalter) honored him with a membership and thereby officially recognized him as a freelance artist. He is also a member of the creative elite organization Art Directors Club Germany.

paragraph: In 1972 Rieker opened his first photo studio in Magstadt near Stuttgart followed by the outdoor studio “Ilios Fotodesign“ in Porto Heli, Greece in 1986. He designed the villa and photo platform himself. This location was setting for ad campaigns and works for i.e. Mercedes-Benz, Porsche, Ergoline, or Bugatti. In 2012 Rieker sold the property to the Dutch.

paragraph: Section::::Work style.

paragraph: Manfred Rieker works without any software-based photo editor programs but uses direct and indirect lighting instead. For his contract with Audi he had a special lighting concept and technology developed.

paragraph: In 1990 he worked with Zumtobel, a German supplier of integral lighting solutions, on the study project “Aesthetics of Light - The Beginning of a New Dimension“ («Lichtästhetik - Aufbruch in eine neue Dimension»). The project’s goal was to use direct and indirect lightning as a fourth dimension in order to create a harmony through its impact on diverse objects. More specifically, while the action of light covers the light fixtures’ dimension the factors such as basic components and various, idealistic fundamental types were sufficient for the spatial concept in to implement the architectonical open-space planning.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carts

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1982 1st prize „Etoiles et Calandres, Supoort de L'iamginaire" Daimler-Benz France

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1982 Nomina di Accademico Benemerito von Accademia Internazionale dell’Arte Fotografica

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1983 Silver medal awarded by the Art Directors Club for „Die Audi-Plakate 1983“

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1983 Bronze medal awarded by the Art Directors Club for „Die Audi-Kampgane 1983“

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1983 Winner of the Mercedes-Benz France photo competition „Für den Besten für Manfred Rieker“

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1984 1st prize Kodak color photography calendar prize „Perspektiven ‘84“

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1985 Kodak color photography calendar prize 1985 for „Roadmaster“

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1985 Silver Award by Audi AG Ingolstadt

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1985 International Advertising Award „Technical Literature“ von ICIT

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1986 Audi Campaign Photography

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1986 Audi Calendar

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987 Audi Oldtimer Calendar

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988 Silver Award Japan for Photography

paragraph: Section::::Memberships.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1973 - 2014 Member of The Professional Association of Freelance Photographers and Film Creators BFF (Berufsverband Freier Fotografen und Filmgestalter e.V.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- since 1984 member of the ADC Art Directors Club Germany

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 "BFF-Icons - ZeitBlicke spanning six decades", BFF-exhibition in Cologne »visual gallery at photokina 2006« (group exhibition)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007 “Photo Summer Stuttgart 2007 - BFF-Icons - ZeitBlicke spanning seven decades", Haus der Wirtschaft Baden-Württemberg (group exhibition)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011 “Ein Bild von einem Auto – Mercedes-Benz im Fokus bedeutender Fotografen“ („A peach of an automobile – Mercedes-Benz seen though great photographers’ lenses“), City of Sindelfingen Gallery (group exhibition)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014 "Cart", Gallery Manfred Rieker (homonymy), Heilbronn

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The German photographic annual," W. Strache., 1977, p. 224

paragraph: BULLET::::- "ZOOM - Magazine for creative and applied Photography", Publisher: Laterna magica Verlag, 1981

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Auto Motor und Sport:" "Der Fotograf Manfred Rieker entwickelte eine neue Form der Auto-Fotografie", Ausgabe 7, 1984, p. 236

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Design," Clio Press, 1984 - Art, p. 21

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Art Directors Annual:" Volume 64, ADC Publications, 1985

paragraph: BULLET::::- "MD. Moebel interior design," Konradin-Verlag Robert Kohlhammer., 1985, p. 7

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Industrial design, Unikate, Serienerzeugnisse: ""Die Neue Sammlung, ein neuer Museumstyp des 20. Jahrhunderts", Hans Wichmann, Neue Sammlung, Staatliches Museum für Angewandte Kunst (Bavaria, Germany) Prestel, 1985, pp. 374, 381, 383

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fotomagazin," Issues 7-12, Hearing-Verlag., 1985, p.123

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Photographie," Walter Herden, Graphis Press, 1986

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Form - Zeitschrift für Gestaltung 117/1987," B+W-Collection Objektmöbel Serie 90, form Frankfurt a. M., 1987

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Graphis," International Journal for Graphic and Applied Art, Volume 44, Issues 253-258, Amstutz and Herdeg., 1988

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Graphis Photo," B Martin Pedersen, Graphis Press Corporation, 1988, p. 292

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Krauss, Günter:" "Stuttgarter Fotografen sehen Schmuck von Günter Krauss." o.O. (Stuttgart): Selbstverlag o.J. (1989)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Architecture intérieure-Créé," Issues 233-236, Société d'édition et de presse, 1990, p. 171

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Archithese", Niggli, 1990, p. 90

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Coop Himmelblau," 6 projects for 4 cities, Coop Himmelblau, Jürgen Häusser, Architecture, Modern, 1990, p. 52

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Society of Publication Designers 24th Publication Design Annual," Society of Publication Designe, Watson-Guptill Publications, Incorporated, 1 Oct 1990, p. 32

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Domus", Issues 713-715, Gio Ponti, 1990

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Werk, Bauen+ Wohnen", Volume 77, Verlegergemeinschaft Werk, Bauen + Wohnen, 1990, p. 88

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Beiträge der Schweiz zur Technik:" schweizerische Erfindungen von internationaler Bedeutung : Festschrift zum Jubiläum 700 Jahre Eidgenossenschaft, Lorenz Hälftiger, Olynthus-Verlag, 1991, S. 111

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Modo", Volumes 133-137, R.D.E. Ricerche Design, 1991, p. 41

paragraph: BULLET::::- "What Germans wanted:" 30 years of photography in Germany : 30 years of the BFF, Manfred Schmalriede, Norbert Waning, Distributed Art Pub Incorporated, 1999, p. 39, p. 59

paragraph: BULLET::::- "lightlife! installation Das Infomagazin für Elektroinstallateure in Österreich," September 2006

paragraph: BULLET::::- "spotlight magazine:" "cars & landscape photography issue 2", June 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Architecture Preview:" April 2009, p. 15

paragraph: BULLET::::- "eL Forum Fachzeitschrift für Elektronik und Elektrotechnik," June 2009, S. 17

paragraph: BULLET::::- "spotlight magazine:" "cars & landscape photography Mercedes GL, Porsche Boxster, Spyder", April 2010

paragraph: BULLET::::- "spotlight magazine:" "Mercedes B-Class - Porsche models, including the Panamera", October 2011

paragraph: BULLET::::- "autoSTIMME:" IAA 2011 “Für jeden Geschmack das Passende”, 21. September 2011, Titelblatt und p. 12

paragraph: BULLET::::- "KAP Magazin:" "LEDs control light", November 2009, p. 37

paragraph: BULLET::::- "LeBook:" "Porsche-Boxter-981-Catalog", 2012

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Insterstuhl:" Kalender, Image: Month May, 2012

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Die Kunst der Kommunikation:" Analysen und Strategien: Image 6

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kohl - Desiro:" Image 4

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wunderkind:" Werbekampagne: Image 23

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://manfred-rieker.de/

description: german photographer and photodesigner

wikidata_label: Manfred Rieker

wikipedia_title: Manfred Rieker


text:
Jamaica
ska
Kingston, Jamaica
Arthur "Duke" Reid
Ken Boothe
Prince Buster
Gladstone Anderson
Hortense Ellis
Bunny Lee
Sonia Pottinger
Toronto
Jah Shaka
drummer
Ziggy Marley
Mutabaruka
Trojan
Island
Ken
Roland Alphonso
Baba Brooks
Tommy McCook
Hortense
Gladstone Anderson
Lester Sterling
Delroy Wilson
Ernest Wilson
Pama
Wackies

wikipedia_title:
Jamaica
Ska
Kingston, Jamaica
Duke Reid
Ken Boothe
Prince Buster
Gladstone Anderson
Hortense Ellis
Bunny Lee
Sonia Pottinger
Toronto
Jah Shaka
Drummer
Ziggy Marley
Mutabaruka
Trojan Records
Island Records
Ken Boothe
Roland Alphonso
Baba Brooks
Tommy McCook
Hortense Ellis
Gladstone Anderson
Lester Sterling
Delroy Wilson
Ernest Wilson (singer)
Pama Records
Wackies

categories: Jamaican male singers,Island Records artists,Musicians from Kingston, Jamaica,1945 births,Jamaican reggae singers,Living people

paragraph: Stranger Cole

paragraph: Stranger Cole, also known as StrangeJah Cole (born Wilburn Theodore Cole, July 26 1942) is a Jamaican singer whose long recording career dates from the early days of ska in 1962 through to the present (2019).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Cole was born in Kingston, Jamaica in July 26 1942 and nicknamed "Stranger" by his family, as they considered that he didn't resemble any member of his family. Cole was initially successful as a songwriter, writing "In and out the Window", which was a hit for Eric "Monty" Morris. This success gave him the chance to make his recording debut in 1962, instantly finding success with singles such as "Rough and Tough" and "When You Call My Name" (a duet with Patsy Todd) for producer Arthur "Duke" Reid. Further success followed with singles for Reid through to the mid-1960s, and he also worked with other producers at this time, including Clement "Coxsone" Dodd (a duet with Ken Boothe on "Worlds Fair"), and Prince Buster. Further duets included recordings with Gladstone Anderson (on "Just Like a River") and Hortense Ellis, the tendency to record duets apparently due to his shyness when it came to singing alone. In the late 1960s and early 1970s he recorded with several producers, including Bunny Lee, Lee "Scratch" Perry, and Sonia Pottinger. These included further material with Todd as "Stranger & Patsy." In 1971 he emigrated to England, where he toured extensively, and moved on again to Canada in 1973, settling in Toronto. He worked as a machinist in the Tonka Toy factory in Toronto and later opened a record store the first Caribbean shop in Toronto's Kensington Market area His first album, ""Forward" in the Land of Sunshine", was released in 1976, with a handful of further albums released over the next ten years, most on his own label. In 2006, Cole released his first album in twenty years, "Morning Train", a collaboration with Jah Shaka. Cole is featured in the 2009 documentary "Rocksteady: The Roots of Reggae", in which he and other stars of the rocksteady era reunited to record a new album of the same name, released in August 2009.

paragraph: Cole's sons, Squiddly and Marcus, followed him into a music career: Squiddly working as a drummer for artists including Ziggy Marley and Mutabaruka; and Marcus Cole (AKA "KxritoXisen") producing music for his father.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ""Forward" in the Land of Sunshine" (1976), Ron Lew

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The First Ten Years" (1978), Various Artists, Camelot

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Capture Land" (1978), with Chalawa, Green Weenie

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Patriot" (1982), Stranger Cole

paragraph: BULLET::::- "No More Fussing and Fighting" (1986), Scorcher

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dramatic" (2003), Stranger Cole & King Banana

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bangarang (the Best of)" (2003), Trojan

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Morning Train" (2006), Jah Shaka Music

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fabulous Songs of Miss Sonia Pottinger Vol.1" (2008), Drum&Bass (Queen Patsy & Stranger Cole)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ska 1959 – 1969", Stranger Cole

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hice Gold", Wacam

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Singles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rough and Tough" (1963), Blue Beat

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Miss Dreamer" (1963), Blue Beat

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stranger at the Door" (1963), Island

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Last Love" (1963), Island

paragraph: BULLET::::- "We Are Rolling" (1963), Island

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Morning Star" (1963), Island

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Thick In Love" (1963), R&B (Stranger and Ken)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "When You Call My Name" (1963), Blue Beat (Stranger & Patsy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Senor & Senorita" (1963), Island (Stranger & Patsy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Happy Go Lucky" (1964), Black Swan (B-side of Theo Beckford's "Take Your Time")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Uno Dos Tres" (1964), Black Swan

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Summer Day" (1964), Black Swan

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Boy Blue" (1964), Black Swan

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Til My Dying Days" (1964), Island

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Goodbye Peggy" (1964), Island

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Out of Many" (1964), R&B

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Want to Go Home" (1964), Black Swan (Stranger & Ken)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hey Little Girl" (1964), Black Swan (Stranger & Patsy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Oh Oh I Need You" (1964), Island (Stranger & Patsy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tom Dick & Harry" (1964), Island (Stranger & Patsy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Yeah Yeah Baby" (1964), Island (Stranger & Patsy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Miss B" (1964), Island (Stranger & Patsy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I'll Forgive You" (1964), R&B (Stranger & Patsy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Millie Maw" (19??), Dutchess

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Real Real" (19??), Dutchess

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Love Thy Neighbour" (1965), Ska-Beat (B-side of Roland Alphonso's "Nuclear Weapon")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "When the Party Is Over" (1965), Blue Beat

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Koo Koo Doo" (1965), Island

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Run Joe" (1965), Island

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pussy Cat" (1965), Island

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Matilda" (1965), Blue Beat (B-side to Buster's All Stars' "Captain Burke")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Seven Days" (1965), Island (B-side to Baba Brooks' "Independent Ska" – Stranger & Claudette)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "We Shall Overcome" (1966), Dr. Bird

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Drop the Ratchet" (1966), Dr. Bird

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Loving Wine" (1966), Dr. Bird (B-side of Tommy McCook's "Spanish Eyes" – Stranger & Hortense)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "You Took My Love" (1967), Dr. Bird

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tell It To Me" (1967), Dr. Bird (Stranger & Patsy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Down the Trainlines" (1967) Dr. Bird (Stranger & Patsy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jeboza Macoo" (1968), Island

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Just Like a River" (1968), Amalgamated (Stranger Cole & Gladstone Anderson)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Seeing is Knowing" (1968), Amalgamated (Stranger & Gladdy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Love Me Today" (1968), Island (Stranger & Gladdy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "(Over and) Over Again" (1968), Island (Stranger & Gladdy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "What Mama Na Want She Get" (1969), Amalgamated

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Glad You're Living" (1969), Duke

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pretty Cottage" (1969), Escort

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Leana Leana" (1969), Escort

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Last Flight to Reggae City" (1969) Unity (Stranger Cole & Tommy McCook & the Supersonics)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "When I Get My Freedom" (1969), Unity

paragraph: BULLET::::- "If We Should Ever Meet" (1969), Unity (B-side of Lester Sterling's "Bangarang")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "My Love" (1969), Escort (Stranger & Patsy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Why Did You" (1969), Escort (Stranger & Patsy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Give it To Me" (1969), Camel (B-side of Delroy Wilson's "Sad Mood")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "You Should Never Have to Come" (1969), Crab (B-side of Ernest Wilson's "Freedom Train")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tomorrow" (1970), Escort (B-side of Lloyd Clarke's "Chicken Thief")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Everyday Tomorrow" (1970), Camel

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Loneliness" (1970), Escort

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Little Things" (1970), Escort

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Everything With You" (1970), Escort

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pussy" (1970), Escort

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lift Your Head Up High" (1970), Gas

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Come Dance With Me" (1970), Pama

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Crying Every Night" (1971), Camel

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tomorrow" (1971), Clandisc (Stranger & Gladdy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "My Application" (1971), Supreme (Stranger & Gladdy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "My Confession" (1972), Jackpot

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The House Where Bombo Lives" (1972), Pama

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mail Man" (1972), Tropical

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bringing in the Sheaves" (1972), Green Door (Hortense Ellis & Stranger Cole)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mocking Bird" (197?) Count Shelly (Stranger Cole & Hortense)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Time is Now" (19??), Wackies (12")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "No More Fussing and Fighting" (198?), Roots (12")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Don't Play" (2007), Soul of Anbessa (7")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Crown Me" (????), Strange Jah (B-side of Baba Brooks' "Baba Brooks Special")

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stranger Cole at Roots Archives

paragraph: BULLET::::- Discography at discogs.com

paragraph: BULLET::::-  at Jamaican Gleaner

description: Jamaican musician

wikidata_label: Stranger Cole

wikipedia_title: Stranger Cole


text: fl.

text: troubadour

text: Quercy

text: vidas

text: razo

text: Bernart de Ventadorn

text: cansos

text: didactic manual

text: Occitan

text: grammar

text: Albigensian Crusade

text: Thégra

text: Rocamadour

text: Alzon

text: Montpellier

text: sirventes

text: tenso

text: jongleur

text: coblas

text: partimen

text: Count of Rodez

text: Raymond III of Turenne

text: Maria de Ventadorn

text: Dalfi d'Alvernha

text: Gascony

text: Guillerma de Benauges

text: Savaric de Mauleon

text: Poitou

text: Catalonia

text: Aragon

text: Peter II

text: Castile

text: Alfonso VIII

text: León

text: Alfonso IX

text: Provence

text: Lombardy

text: March of Treviso

text: da Romano

text: Malaspina

text: Guelph

text: Arnaut Plagues

text: Ezzelino III da Romano

text: Emperor Frederick II

text: France

text: Church

text: Crusade

text: Apulia

text: danseta

text: Bertran de Born

text: Sordello

text: Alberico da Romano

text: Cunizza

text: Rizzardo di San Bonifacio

text: Peire Guilhem de Luserna

text: Speculum

text: Complete works.

text: Complete works

categories: Male composers,French male poets,French biographers,Troubadours

paragraph: Uc de Saint Circ

paragraph: Uc de Saint Circ (San Sir) or Hugues (Hugh) de Saint Circq (fl. 1217–1253) was a troubadour from Quercy. Uc is perhaps most significant to modern historians as the probable author of several "vidas" and "razos" of other troubadours, though only one of Bernart de Ventadorn exists under his name. Forty-four of his songs, including fifteen "cansos" and only three "canso" melodies, have survived, along with a didactic manual entitled "Ensenhamen d'onor". According to William E. Burgwinkle, as "poet, biographer, literary historian, and mythographer, Uc must be accorded his rightful place as the 'inventor' (trobador) of 'troubadour poetry' and the idealogical trappings with which it came to be associated."

paragraph: Uc is probably to be identified with the Uc Faidit (meaning "exiled" or "dispossessed") who authored the "Donatz proensals", one of the earliest Occitan grammars. This identity fits with Uc's status as the "inventor" of troubadour poetry as a distinct type and his life in Italy (possibly due to exile during the Albigensian Crusade).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Uc was born in the town of Thégra to a minor nobleman, Arman, lord of Saint-Circ-d'Alzon, a village which no longer exists but was in the vicinity of Rocamadour. According to Uc's "vida", the castle of Saint-Circ lay "at the foot of" ("al pe de") the church of Sainta-Maria de Rocamadour, which is atop a cliff overlooking the Alzon river valley and was destroyed by war in Uc's time. Furthermore, according to his "vida", Uc's many older brothers sent him off to receive a clerical education in Montpellier. At Montpellier he learned to read and write and discovered "songs and poems and "sirventes" and "tensos" and couplets and the deeds and the sayings of the worthy men and the worthy women who were living or had lived in the world." It was through this education that he became a minstrel (jongleur).

paragraph: Uc's gained fame through the "coblas" and "partimens" he exchanged with the Count of Rodez, under whom he probably served in the Albigensian Crusade, and through the two "tensos" he exchanged with Raymond III of Turenne, brother of Maria de Ventadorn. He also had contact with Dalfi d'Alvernha, to whom he addressed one poem. According to his "vida", he went into Gascony, where he wandered around on foot—occasionally on horse—penniless. Eventually he gained settled down with Guillerma de Benauges, a countess and viscountess, who introduced him to Savaric de Mauleon, who in turn clothed and outfitted him.

paragraph: According to his "vida", he spent a considerable amount of time with Savaric in Poitou and the surrounding regions before heading into Catalonia and Aragon, where he was at the court of Peter II; Castile, where he attended that of Alfonso VIII; and finally León, where he was at that of Alfonso IX. Around 1220 he moved east into Provence, where his "vida" says he was "with all the barons", and into Lombardy and the March of Treviso ("marca Trevisana"). During his travels in Languedoc, Spain, Provence, and Italy he probably met many other troubadours. Eventually Uc is said to have settled down with a wife and children, after which he never composed songs. Uc's association, in Italy, with the da Romano and Malaspina families is evident in his surviving poetry. It lasted forty years while he was in Italy, where he was probably a Guelph.

paragraph: Section::::Poetry.

paragraph: According to one version of his "vida", Uc "non fez gaires de las cansos" ("never accomplished much with his songs"), apparently because he was "never really in love with a lady". While the biographer commended his lyrical and melodic compositions, he probably regarded his fifteen "cansos" out of a total forty-four poems as unusually low. He was reputed to be able to feign love and to praise and belittle women with ease, but after his marriage his poetic output ceased.

paragraph: Uc's poetry was influenced by his ecclesiastical education. As mentioned above, he wrote "cansos" and "tensos", but also some "sirventes". His work is in general pedantic and truculent. One of Uc's "sirventes", which begins "Messonget, un sirventes", acknowledges that it is "el son d'en Arnaut Plagues" ("the song of lord Arnaut Plagues"), an imitation of "Be volgra midons saubres" by Arnaut. Another of his "sirventes", which begins as a "light" work with many textual affinities to at least four other troubadour works, but it ends as a political assault on Ezzelino III da Romano, the viceroy of the Emperor Frederick II in Italy: "Chanzos q'es leu per entendre".

paragraph: In "Un sirventes voill far", Uc demonstrates a hatred of the emperor, accusing him, a "monster of heresy", of believing in neither immortality nor paradise. Furthermore, he intends to humiliate France and the Church and so the Crusade against him in Apulia is justified because "selh qu'en Dieu non cre non deu terra tener": "he who does not believe in God should not reign".

paragraph: Uc also composed a "danseta" in which the refrain was apparently repeated between the four stanzas.

paragraph: Section::::Prose.

paragraph: Late in his life, at the da Romano court, Uc became a representative of the academic prose style then coming into fashion. In this vein he composed a collection of "vidas" and "razos". Most of these were written in Italy and the numerous historical errors they contain have been attribute to the time and distance between the lives and events they describe, for, judging by the Italianisms which had crept into Uc's vocabulary by the time they were written, he must have been in Italy a while before he began their composition. The "razos" have been dated to 1227–1230 and no post-1219 events are recorded in them. Uc's earliest attempt at biography, however, is the collection of "razos" of Bertran de Born, which were possibly penned in Languedoc or shortly after his arrival in northern Italy; in his later works he refers to the "razos" of Bertran as "l'autr'escrit": "the other writings". The sole "vida" to contain a direct claim of authorship is that of Bernart de Ventadorn, which says: "Et ieu, N'Ucs de Saint Circ, de lui so qu'ieu ai escrit si me contet lo vescoms N'Ebles de Ventadorn" ("And I, Lord Uc of Saint Circ, have written about him [Bernart] what the viscount Lord Ebles of Ventadorn told me").

paragraph: Among the "vidas" he is supposed to have written is one of Sordello, a troubadour at the court of Ezzelino III and Alberico da Romano. In it he presents what is probably the "official" court version of the kidnapping of Cunizza: that Ezzelino ordered him, who lived at the court of Cunizza's erstwhile husband, Rizzardo di San Bonifacio, to take her back to him. Uc wrote an exchange with Peire Guilhem de Luserna, an Italian troubadour, concerning Cunizza, in which Uc attacked her and Peire defended her.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aubrey, Elizabeth. "References to Music in Old Occitan Literature." "Acta Musicologica", 61:2 (May–Aug., 1989), pp. 110–149.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aubrey, Elizabeth. "The Music of the Troubadours". Indiana University Press, 1996. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bond, Gerald A. "The Last Unpublished Troubadour Songs." "Speculum", 60:4 (Oct., 1985), pp. 827–849.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Burgwinkle, William E. "For Love or Money: Uc de Saint-Circ and the Rhetoric of Exchange." "Romanic Review", 84:4 (1993:Nov.) pp. 347–377.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Burgwinkle, William E. "The "chansonniers" as books" (pp. 246–262). "The Troubadours: An Introduction". Simon Gaunt and Sarah Kay, edd. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cabré, Miriam. "Italian and Catalan troubadours" (pp. 127–140). "The Troubadours: An Introduction". Simon Gaunt and Sarah Kay, edd. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chambers, Frank M. "Imitation of Form in the Old Provençal Lyric." "Romance Philology", 6 (1952/1953) pp. 104–121.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Egan, Margarita (ed. and trans.) "The Vidas of the Troubadours". New York: Garland, 1984. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gaunt, Simon, and Kay, Sarah. "Appendix I: Major Troubadours" (pp. 279–291). "The Troubadours: An Introduction". Simon Gaunt and Sarah Kay, edd. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guida, Saverio. "Uc de Saint Circ e Clara d'Anduza". "Messana: Rassegna di studi filologici, linguistici e storici", 4 (1990), pp. 169–94.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guida, Saverio. "L'attività biografica di Uc de Saint Circ a Treviso". "Il Medioevo nella Marca: trovatori, giullari, letterati a Treviso nei secoli XIII e XIV". Treviso: 1991, pp. 91–114.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guida, Saverio. "Uc de Saint Circ usuraio ed eretico?" "Cultura Neolatina", 54 (1994), pp. 169–98.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guida, Saverio. "Primi approcci a Uc de Saint Circ". Soveria Mannelli, 1996. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guida, Saverio. "Lo (pseudo)pseudonimo della danseta di Uc de Saint Circ (Bdt 457, 41:3)". "Tenso: Bulletin de la Societé Guillem IX", 21 (2006), pp. 7–22.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jeanroy, Alfred, and Salverda de Grave, J. J. "Poésies de Uc de Saint-Circ". Toulouse: 1913.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Meneghetti, Maria Luisa. "Intertextuality and dialogism in the troubadours" (pp. 181–196). "The Troubadours: An Introduction". Simon Gaunt and Sarah Kay, edd. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Poe, Elizabeth Wilson. ""L'Autr'escrit" of Uc de Saint Circ: The "Razos" for Bertran de Born." "Romance Philology", 44:2 (1990:Nov.) pp. 123–136.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sansone, E. Giuseppe. "La poesia dell'antica Provenza: testi e storia dei trovatori". Ugo Guanda, ed. 1993.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Throop, Palmer A. "Criticism of Papal Crusade Policy in Old French and Provençal." "Speculum", 13:4 (Oct., 1938), pp. 379–412.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Uc de Saint Circ, Complete works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zinelli, Fabio. "Uc de Saint-Circ imitatateur de Hugues de Berzé? Les chansons BdT 457,26 et RS 1821". "Medioevo Romanzo", 28 (2004), pp. 39–62.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zinelli, Fabio. "La chanson "Be fai granada follor" (BdT 457,7): Un cas d'attribution controversée et la tradition manuscrite de Saint-Circ (avec une note sur l'iconographie de C)". "Studi medievali", 47:2 (2006), pp. 589–651.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Complete works at trobar.org

description: French troubadour and poet

wikidata_label: Uc de Saint Circ

wikipedia_title: Uc de Saint Circ


text: engraver

text: Renaissance

text: Venice

text: prints

text: Albrecht Dürer

text: Giulio Campagnola

text: Florence

text: printmaking

text: Marcantonio Raimondi

text: Sack of Rome in 1527

text: Giulio Romano

text: cartoon

text: Michelangelo

text: Cascina

text: Palazzo Vecchio

text: Florence

text: Psyche

text: Michael Coxcie

text: Serlio

text: Passavant

text: Grove Art

paragraph: Agostino Veneziano

paragraph: Agostino Veneziano ("Venetian Agostino"), whose real name was Agostino de' Musi (c. 1490 – c. 1540), was an important and prolific Italian engraver of the Renaissance.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Veneziano was born in Venice, where he trained as an artist, though his teacher is unknown. He initially copied prints by Albrecht Dürer and Giulio Campagnola from about 1512-14, and then producing his own works, somewhat in the style of the latter. He spent some time in Florence around 1515-16. He moved to Rome, perhaps as early as 1514, and by 1516 had joined the printmaking workshop of Marcantonio Raimondi, of which he was one of the most important members until it was broken up by the Sack of Rome in 1527. Unlike many produced by the workshop, most of Agostino's plates avoided being confiscated and melted down by Charles V's soldiers, and continued to be printed in later years. Agostino returned to Venice after the sack, and later visited Mantua and Florence before returning to Rome in 1531, remaining until at least 1536. It is assumed he died there, though there is no documentation.

paragraph: He was the only major figure whose career spanned the whole period which saw the birth of the reproductive print, and the beginnings of the "industrialization" of Italian printmaking.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Although many of his prints bear his monogram, others do not, and he is a party in several disputed attributions, among them perhaps his most famous print, "Lo stregozzo" ("The Sorcerers"), an extravagant fantasy rather atypical of his work. Some works are disputed between him and Campagnola, and later between him and Raimondi or others in his circle; his manner was never very individual, but his technique good enough to allow confusion between his work and those whose style he followed. "The Academy of Baccio Bandinelli" of 1531 is also an important work, but his many prints after Raphael and Giulio Romano were the best known of his works in his own day. His print known as "The Climbers" (1521) records a part of a cartoon drawing by Michelangelo for a large painting of the Battle of Cascina for the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence, never completed. He made a large series of prints of the story of Psyche to designs by Michael Coxcie. His career probably never entirely recovered from the Sack of Rome; in Venice his illustrations for Serlio were not used, though he continued to produce prints after Raphael, Giulio Romano and others in his later years, sometimes doing new versions of his older works. In his final Roman period he produced a series of prints of antique vases, that were early examples of the images of antiquities that were to become so common.

paragraph: Passavant attributed 188 prints to him, though a new total would probably increase this number; 141 prints have his monogram, and probably all are by him.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Christopher Witcombe in Grove Art Online. Oxford University Press, accessed Nov 11, 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- Landau, David, in: David Landau & Peter Parshall, "The Renaissance Print", Yale, 1996,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Agostino Veneziano engravings from de Verda Collection2345

alias:
Agostino de Musis
Agostino de Musi
Agostino dei Mussi
Agostino Veneziano Musi
Agostino Venetziano
Agostino Musi
Augustin Vénitien
Augustin di Musi
Agostino dei Musi
Agostino de Musi da Vineggia
Agostino Dei Musi
Augustin Venitien

description: Italian engraver

wikidata_label: Agostino Veneziano

wikipedia_title: Agostino Veneziano


text: British Royal Family

text: George III

text: Hanover

text: Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge

text: George III

text: Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

text: Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel

text: British princess

text: Her Royal Highness

text: Edward Curtis Kemp

text: Sir George Rose

text: Princess Louisa of Nassau-Usingen

text: marriage

text: blood

text: The Duke of York

text: Queen Charlotte of Württemberg

text: The Princess Augusta Sophia

text: The Landgravine of Hesse-Homburg

text: The Duchess of Gloucester

text: The Princess Sophia

text: The Electress of Hesse

text: The Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg

text: her maternal uncle

text: viceroy

text: George IV

text: Prince George

text: Princess Mary Adelaide

text: Queen Victoria

text: Mary of Teck

text: George V

text: Buckingham Palace

text: London

text: London

text: Kensington Palace

text: Buckingham Gate

text: Duke of Norfolk

text: King William IV

text: Queen Adelaide

text: coronation of Queen Victoria

text: World War I

text: James Pope-Hennessy

text: Neustrelitz

text: Mirow

text: George III

text: House of Hanover

text: British princess

text: Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone

text: Queen Victoria

categories: House of Hanover,British princesses,Grand Duchesses of Mecklenburg-Strelitz,Daughters of British dukes,Hanoverian princesses,1916 deaths,People from Hanover,1822 births,Duchesses of Mecklenburg-Strelitz,Companions of the Order of the Crown of India

paragraph: Princess Augusta of Cambridge

paragraph: Princess Augusta of Cambridge (19 July 1822 – 5 December 1916) was a member of the British Royal Family, a granddaughter of George III. She married into the Grand Ducal House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and became the Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Princess Augusta was born on 19 July 1822 at the Palace of Montbrillant, Hanover. Her father was Prince Adolphus, Duke of Cambridge, the seventh son of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. Her mother was Princess Augusta of Hesse-Kassel. As a male line granddaughter of the British monarch, she was styled as a British princess with the prefix "Her Royal Highness". The young princess was baptized at the same palace on 16 August 1822, by Rev Edward Curtis Kemp (Chaplain to the British Ambassador to the Court of Berlin, The Rt. Hon. Sir George Rose).

paragraph: Three of her godparents were present at the baptism:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Caroline, Landgravine Frederick of Hesse-Kassel (her maternal grandmother)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Louisa of Nassau-Usingen (presumably her maternal aunt)

paragraph: BULLET::::- a Princess Louisa, a Landgravine of Hesse, being her maternal aunt either by marriage or blood

paragraph: The rest were not present, possibly being represented by proxies:

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Duke of York (her paternal uncle)

paragraph: BULLET::::- all of her five living paternal aunts (by blood)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Queen Charlotte of Württemberg

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Princess Augusta Sophia

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Landgravine of Hesse-Homburg

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Duchess of Gloucester

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Princess Sophia

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Electress of Hesse (wife of Wilhelm II, her mother’s cousin)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg (her maternal aunt)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Charlotte, Landgravine William of Hesse-Kassel (wife of her maternal uncle)

paragraph: The Princess spent her earlier years in Hanover, where her father was the viceroy on behalf of his brother, George IV.

paragraph: Princess Augusta had one brother, Prince George, later 2nd Duke of Cambridge; and one sister, Princess Mary Adelaide, later Duchess of Teck. As such, Princess Augusta was a first cousin of Queen Victoria and aunt to Mary of Teck, later consort of George V.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage.

paragraph: On 28 June 1843, Princess Augusta married her first cousin, Frederick William of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, at Buckingham Palace, London. (The two were also second cousins on their fathers' side.) Upon marriage, Augusta became "HRH" The Hereditary Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz and, on 6 September 1860, "HRH" The Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz following the death of her father-in-law.

paragraph: The marriage of the Grand Duke and Grand Duchess produced two children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Duke Frederick William of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (born and died in London, 13 January 1845)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Duke Adolphus Frederick of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (22 July 1848 – 11 June 1914); succeeded his father as Adolphus Frederick V in May 1904.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: Although she spent most of her adult life in Germany, the Grand Duchess Augusta retained close personal ties to the British Royal Family. She frequently visited her mother, the Duchess of Cambridge, at her Kensington Palace apartments.

paragraph: After her mother's death in 1889, the Grand Duchess acquired a house in London's Buckingham Gate area, where she spent a portion of the year until advanced old age made it impossible for her to travel abroad.

paragraph: In making preparations for the coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra in 1901, the Duke of Norfolk consulted her on matters of etiquette and attire. This was due to her presence at the coronation of King William IV and Queen Adelaide seventy-one years earlier. She was nine years old at the time and kissed the Queen's hand. She was also able to provide details of the coronation of Queen Victoria.

paragraph: The Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz was particularly close to her niece, the future Queen Mary. However, old age prevented her from attending the coronation of King George V and Queen Mary on 22 June 1911.

paragraph: Following the outbreak of World War I, the British Government suspended the annuity she had been receiving as a member of the British Royal Family under the Annuity, Duchess of Mecklenburgh Strelitz Act 1843. During the war, the Swedish Embassy passed letters from the Queen to her aunt, who still lived in Germany.

paragraph: As an elderly lady, she was known for being cantankerous. She was also known as being quite shrewd and intelligent. In his book, "Queen Mary" (London, 1959), the Queen's official biography, James Pope-Hennessy reports that the Queen's Aunt Augusta was not fond of the new science of photography, fearing it would intrude deeply into the private lives of Royal personages; at pp. 101–105 he offers a masterly sketch of this formidable lady.

paragraph: The Dowager Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz died on 5 December 1916 in Neustrelitz and was buried in Mirow. As the longest-lived grandchild of George III, she was the last link to the British branch of the House of Hanover.

paragraph: At the time of her death, she was 94 years, 4 months and 16 days old, making her the longest-lived British princess by blood, until Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone, a male-line granddaughter of Queen Victoria, surpassed her in 1977.

paragraph: Section::::Titles and styles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 19 July 1822 – 28 June 1843: "Her Royal Highness" Princess Augusta of Cambridge

paragraph: BULLET::::- 28 June 1843 – 6 September 1860: "Her Royal Highness" The Hereditary Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

paragraph: BULLET::::- 6 September 1860 – 30 May 1904: "Her Royal Highness" The Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

paragraph: BULLET::::- 30 May 1904 – 5 December 1916: "Her Royal Highness" The Dowager Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

paragraph: As a male-line granddaughter of the British monarch, she was a princess of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. As a male-line granddaughter of a King of Hanover, she also bore the titles of Princess of Hanover and Duchess of Brunswick.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Augusta of Cambridge | House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

description: Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

wikidata_label: Princess Augusta of Cambridge

wikipedia_title: Princess Augusta of Cambridge


text:
Thomas Nashe
Henry Morley
Latin
Saffron Walden
Essex
John
grammar school
Christ's College, Cambridge
Pembroke Hall
Edmund Spenser
Hexameter
Areopagus
Edward Dyer
Philip Sidney
Faerie Queene
Thomas Nashe
The Shepheardes Calender
eclogue
MA
rhetoric
Queen Elizabeth
Sir Thomas Smith
Audley End House
Cambridge University
Trinity Hall
Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester
D.C.L.
University of Oxford
Richard Harvey
Martin Marprelate
Robert Greene
Archbishop Whitgift
Camden Society
Quintilian
British Museum
"Strange Newes"
Have with You to Saffron-Walden
Richard Lichfield
Grosart
Isaac Disraeli
Thomas Warton
History of English Poetry
William Hazlitt
John Payne Collier
Sir Thomas Smith

categories: 1631 deaths,16th-century male writers,16th-century scholars,Fellows of Pembroke College, Cambridge,1550s births,Alumni of Christ's College, Cambridge,17th-century English writers,16th-century English writers,17th-century male writers,People of the Tudor period

paragraph: Gabriel Harvey

paragraph: Gabriel Harvey (c. 1552/3 – 1631) was an English writer. Harvey was a notable scholar, whose reputation suffered from his quarrel with Thomas Nashe. Henry Morley, writing in the "Fortnightly Review" (March 1869), has argued that Harvey's Latin works demonstrate that he was distinguished by qualities very different from the pedantry and conceit usually associated with his name.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Gabriel Harvey was the eldest son of John Harvey (d.1593), a yeoman farmer and master ropemaker from Saffron Walden, Essex, and his wife, Alice (d.1613). He had two younger brothers, Richard and John (d. July 1592), and a sister, Mercy.

paragraph: Section::::Education.

paragraph: Harvey received his early education at the town's grammar school, and matriculated at Christ's College, Cambridge, in 1566. In 1570 he was elected fellow of Pembroke Hall. Here he formed a friendship with Edmund Spenser, who may have been his pupil.

paragraph: Section::::Promotion of hexameter verse.

paragraph: Harvey wished to be "epitaphed as the Inventour of the English Hexameter," and was a prime mover in a literary clique known as the Areopagus which attempted to impose the Latin rules of quantity on English verse. In a letter to "M. Immerito" (Edmund Spenser) Harvey says that Edward Dyer and Philip Sidney were helping forward "our new famous enterprise for the exchanging of Barbarous and Balductum Rymes with Artificial Verses." The letter includes a tepid appreciation of Spenser's "Faerie Queene" which had been sent to him for his opinion, and he gives examples of English hexameters illustrative of the principles enunciated in the correspondence. The opening lines--"What might I call this Tree? A Laurell? O bonny Laurell Needes to thy bowes will I bow this knee, and vayle my bonetto"—afford a fair sample of the success of Harvey's metrical experiments, which were an easy mark for the wit of Thomas Nashe. "He (Harvey) goes twitching and hopping in our language like a man running upon quagmires, up the hill in one syllable, and down the dale in another," says Nashe in "Strange Newes", and he mimics him in the mocking couplet:

paragraph: poem

paragraph: "But ah ! what news do you hear of that good Gabriel Huff-Snuff,

paragraph: Known to the world for a fool, and clapped in the Fleet for a rhymer?"

paragraph: /poem

paragraph: Harvey influenced Spenser greatly for a short time, and the friendship lasted. Harvey is the "Hobbinoll" of his friend's "The Shepheardes Calender", and into his mouth is put the beautiful song in the fourth eclogue in praise of Eliza. If he was really the author of the verses "To the Learned Shepheard," signed "Hobynoll" and prefixed to the "Faerie Queene", he was a good poet spoiled. Harvey's genuine friendship for Spenser shows the best side of his character, which appeared uncompromising and quarrelsome to the world in general. In 1573 the bad feeling against him in his college was so strong that there was a delay of three months before the fellows would agree to grant him the necessary grace for his MA degree.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He became reader in rhetoric in about 1576, and in 1578, on the occasion of Queen Elizabeth's visit to Sir Thomas Smith at Audley End House, he was appointed to dispute publicly before her. In the next year he wrote to Spenser complaining of the unauthorized publication of satirical verses of his which were supposed to reflect on high personages, and threatened seriously to injure his career. In 1583 he became junior proctor of Cambridge University, and in 1585 was elected master of Trinity Hall, of which he had been a fellow from 1578, but the appointment appears to have been quashed at court. He was a protégé of Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, to whom he introduced Spenser, and this connection may account for his friendship with Sidney. But in spite of patronage, a second application for the mastership of Trinity Hall failed in 1598.

paragraph: In 1585 he received the degree of D.C.L. from the University of Oxford, and is found practising at the bar in London. Gabriel's brother, Richard Harvey, had taken part in the Martin Marprelate controversy, and had given offence to Robert Greene by contemptuous references to him and his fellow wits. Greene retorted by inserting a few lines in the first edition of his "A Quip for an Upstart Courtier" containing scathing remarks on the four Harvey brothers, drawing attention, among other things, to the fact that they were the sons of a ropemaker. In 1599 Archbishop Whitgift made a raid on contemporary satire in general, and among other books the tracts of Harvey and Nashe were destroyed, and it was forbidden to reprint them. Harvey spent the last years of his life in retirement in Saffron Walden, dying there on 7 February 1631.

paragraph: "The Letter-Book of Gabriel Harvey, AD, 1573–80" (1884, ed. EJL Scott, Camden Society), contains rough drafts of the correspondence between Spenser and Harvey, letters relative to the disputes at Pembroke Hall, and an extraordinary correspondence dealing with the pursuit of his sister Mercy by a young nobleman. A copy of Quintilian (1542), in the British Museum, is extensively annotated by Harvey.

paragraph: Harvey was also a wordsmith and has been credited with the coining or first use of the word "jovial" (derived from the Latin for "pertaining to Jove or Jupiter"), circa 1590, as well as the words "conscious", "extensively", "idiom", "notoriety" and "rascality". This claim is supported by the criticism of rival Thomas Nashe, in which Nashe cites Harvey as the creator of the words, announces his dislike of Harvey's words, and then predicts Mr. Harvey's words will not stand the test of time. Noted Etymologist Robert Hendrickson also cites Harvey's hand in creating these words in his book "The Facts on File Encyclopedia of Word and Phrase Origins"(Checkmark Books)

paragraph: Section::::Feud with Nashe.

paragraph: After Greene's death Harvey published "Foure Letters and certaine Sonnets" (1592), in which he revealed the miserable details of Greene's later years. Nashe settled his personal score with the Harveys, in "Strange Newes" (1593). Harvey rebutted the personal charges made by Nashe in "Pierce's supererogation, or a New Prayse of the Old Asse" (1593). In a religious work, "Christs Teares over Jerusalem" (1593) Nashe made a full apology to Harvey, who however resumed the controversy in a "New Letter of Notable Contents" (1593). Harvey probably had not seen Nashe's apology in print when he wrote the "New Letter of Notable Contents", but he knew something along those lines was rumoured. He refused to take reports of Nashe's change of heart at face value until he had the proof in black and white:

paragraph: Nashe dramatically withdrew his apology in a new edition (1595) of "Christes Teares". Harvey, he claimed, had hinted at wanting a reconciliation so that Nashe would make a public apology, and as soon as he did so he was made to look a fool for his pains:

paragraph: It was nearly two years before Nashe replied to "New Letter", When hearing that Harvey had boasted of victory, he produced the most biting satire of the series in "Have with You to Saffron-Walden" (1596). Harvey never responded. Later Richard Lichfield of Cambridge attacked Nashe in "The Trimming of Thomas Nashe Gentleman" (1597). He signed his work "by the high-titled patron Don Richardo de Medico campo", a play on his name (i.e. "leech-field"). This work was formerly attributed to Harvey.

paragraph: Section::::Editions and commentary.

paragraph: His complete works were edited by Grosart with a Memorial Introduction for the Huth Library (1884–1885). See also Isaac Disraeli, on "Literary Ridicule," in "Calamities of Authors" (ed. 1840); Thomas Warton's "History of English Poetry" (ed. William Hazlitt, 1871); John Payne Collier's "Bibliographical and Critical Account of the Rarest Books in the English Language" (1865), and the "Works of Thomas Nashe". There is a modern edition of Harvey's pamphlets with Thomas Nashe prepared as a PhD thesis by Peter Brynmor Roberts at the University of Cardiff (2010). A number of Harvey's annotated books have been digitised as part of the 'Archaeology of Reading in Early Modern Europe' project.

paragraph: Section::::Latin works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ciceronianus" (1577)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gabrielis Harveii rhetor, vel duorum dierum oratio de natura, arte et exercitatione rhetorica" (1577)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Smithus, vel Musarum lachrymae" (1578), in honour of Sir Thomas Smith

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gabrielis Harveii gratulationum Valdensium libri quatuor", written on the occasion of the queen's visit to Audley End (1578)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

description: writer

wikidata_label: Gabriel Harvey

wikipedia_title: Gabriel Harvey


text:
college football
Nashville
Washington University of St. Louis
quarterback
Vanderbilt Commodores football

categories: 1947 deaths,Vanderbilt Commodores football players,Players of American football from Missouri,1872 births,American football quarterbacks,19th-century players of American football,People from Brownsville, Tennessee

paragraph: Pat Estes

paragraph: Patrick Mann Estes (January 27, 1872 – February 16, 1947) was a college football player, attorney, and founder, part owner, and general counsel of the Life and Casualty Company of Nashville.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: He attended Washington University of St. Louis, and he was the first quarterback for the Vanderbilt Commodores football team.

paragraph: Section::::Attorney at law.

paragraph: Estes was then a law partner of Thomas James Tyne.

description: American-football player (1872-1947)

wikidata_label: Pat Estes

wikipedia_title: Pat Estes


text:
clergyman
Salta
Catamarca
Orán
Pope John Paul II
Coadjutor
Argentine Episcopal Conference

categories: Argentine Roman Catholic archbishops,People from Catamarca Province,Living people,1952 births

paragraph: Mario Antonio Cargnello

paragraph: Mario Antonio Cargnello (born 20 March 1952) is an Argentinian clergyman. He has been the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Salta since 1999.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Cargnello was born in Catamarca, Argentina.

paragraph: He was ordained as a priest on 8 November 1975. On 7 Apr 1994 he was appointed as Bishop of Orán and was later ordained on 24 Jun 1994. Pope John Paul II appointed him as Coadjutor Archbishop of Salta on 24 June 1998. He started his current role as Archbishop of Salta on 6 August 1999, after the previous archbishop retired.

paragraph: In November 2011, he was elected as the second vice president to the Argentine Episcopal Conference.

description: Argentinian priest

wikidata_label: Mario Antonio Cargnello

wikipedia_title: Mario Antonio Cargnello


text:
Poitevine
Jean de Béthencourt
Canary Islands
Kingdom of Castile
Philip I, Duke of Burgundy
Duke of Berry
England
Hundred Years' War
Prussia
Teutonic Knights
Rhodes
Louis I, Duke of Anjou
Republic of Venice
Republic of Ragusa
Barbary Crusade
Duke of Bourbon
Mahdia
La Rochelle
Franciscan
Saint-Jouin-de-Marnes
Lanzarote
guanche
Cádiz
Castilian
Betancuria
Henry III of Castile

categories: French explorers,1415 deaths,1340 births

paragraph: Gadifer de la Salle

paragraph: Gadifer de La Salle (Sainte-Radegonde, 1340 –1415) was a French knight and crusader of Poitevine origin who, with Jean de Béthencourt, conquered and explored the Canary Islands for the Kingdom of Castile.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Gadifer de La Salle was born about 1350 into a family of minor nobility in Poitou. His father, Ferrand de La Salle. Gadifer served first under Philip I, Duke of Burgundy, and later as a member of the household of the Duke of Berry.

paragraph: Gadifer had won renown in the French campaigns against England during the Hundred Years' War (1337–1453). In 1378 the duke of Berry financed his travel to Prussia to take part in a crusading venture of the Teutonic Knights in Prussia. He served with Hospitallers in Rhodes, and was part of a delegation sent by Louis I, Duke of Anjou to the Republic of Venice. Their galleys were seized by the Republic of Ragusa, and it is likely that Louis paid Gadifer's ransom.

paragraph: In 1390 during the Barbary Crusade in North Africa he was under the command of the Duke of Bourbon at the siege of Mahdia. The expedition had been organized by the Genoese to deal with a pirate stronghold.

paragraph: While there he met Jean de Béthencourt, whom he had known previously during service under the Duke of Orleans. Bethencourt later pledged his domain to finance their expedition to the Canary Islands. Gadifer de La Salle joined Béthencourt at La Rochelle.

paragraph: Accompanying the expedition were Brother Pierre Bontier, a Franciscan friar of Saint-Jouin-de-Marnes who later officiated at Lanzarote, and Jean le Verrier, a priest who was later installed at Fuerteventura as vicar in the chapel of Our Lady of Bethencourt. Bontier and Le Verrier served as historians of the expedition.

paragraph: In 1402 they conquered Lanzarote, the northernmost inhabited island, from the local guanche chieftains. Gadifer then explored the archipelago, and Béthencourt left for Cádiz, where he was given reinforcements and financial support at the Castilian court. At this time a power struggle had broken out on the island between Gadifer and Berthin, another officer. Berthin wished to abandon the conquest and return with a cargo of slaves. While Gadifer was exploring another island, Berthin departed with almost all of the ships leaving Gadifer for dead. Gadifer and his men spent about a week on the island surviving from dew gathered on their blankets. Eventually a soldier still loyal to Gadifer brought one of the remaining ships to rescue them. In 1403, after a resupply ship sent by Béthencourt arrived, Gadifer was able to complete the conquest of the islands and root out the disloyal Castilians. In early 1404 the native population converted to Christianity, later that same year Béthencourt himself returned. De la Salle and Béthencourt founded the city of Betancuria in 1404.

paragraph: Béthencourt had become king of the Canaries (a title granted by Henry III of Castile in exchange for Béthencourt's respect). Gadifer, who felt insulted, left the Canaries and appealed for redress at the court of Castile. When this appeal proved to be unsuccessful, he returned to France.

description: French explorer

wikidata_label: Gadifer de la Salle

wikipedia_title: Gadifer de la Salle


text:
Lord Mayor of London
Skinners' Guild
Sheriff of London
Nicholas Shelton
Richard Williams (alias Cromwell)
Stepney
alderman of London
Cheshire
Andrew Judde
Denys/Dennis
William Blount, 4th Baron Mountjoy
unicorn
Great Fire of London
St Paul's Cathedral
List of Sheriffs of the City of London
List of Lord Mayors of London

categories: 15th-century births,Sheriffs of the City of London,Year of birth unknown,People from Ely, Cambridgeshire,15th-century English people,English knights,Year of death unknown,16th-century Lord Mayors of London,People of the Tudor period

paragraph: Thomas Murfyn

paragraph: Sir Thomas Murfyn (Born 1470, died 1523) ("fl". 1510s) was a Sheriff and Lord Mayor of London.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Thomas Murfyn was a native of Ely, in Cambridgeshire, and son of George Murfyn, or Murfine. He was a skinner, or a member of the Skinners' Guild, in London, and served the office of Sheriff of London with Nicholas Shelton, in 1511, and was Lord Mayor in 1518. He probably was not knighted until after his election to the mayoralty.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Sir Thomas married first Elizabeth Squier (1465-1528), by whom he had a son, Edward, who died without issue. He also had a daughter, Frances, who married Richard Williams (alias Cromwell). She died at Stepney and was buried there on 20 February 1533.

paragraph: Sir Thomas second wife was Elizabeth, only daughter and heiress of Sir Angel Donne, knt. alderman of London, by Anne Hawarden/Hawardine, of Cheshire; one of their daughters, Mary, married another Lord Mayor of London, Andrew Judde. Sir Thomas' last wife survived him and re-married to Sir Thomas Denys/Dennis, knt. by whom she had Sir Robert Denys/Dennis, knt. who by Mary, daughter of William Blount, 4th Baron Mountjoy, had Thomas Denys/Dennis. The arms of the Murfyns were, Or, on a bend sabla' an estoilee arg. those of Dom, Azure, seme of cross-closslets or, an unicorn salient, arg.

paragraph: Mirfyn is listed as one of the graves lost in the Great Fire of London in 1666, on a monument in the crypt of St Paul's Cathedral, together with several other Lord Mayors.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Sheriffs of the City of London

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Lord Mayors of London

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

description: Lord Mayor of London

wikidata_label: Thomas Murfyn

wikipedia_title: Thomas Murfyn


text:
lion tamer
Dreamland
Coney Island
Leeds, England
Francis Ferari
Port Richmond, New York
Staten Island

paragraph: Joseph Giacomo Ferari

paragraph: Joseph Giacomo Ferari (January 4, 1868 - May 11, 1953) was a lion tamer and circus owner at Dreamland on Coney Island.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was born on January 4, 1868 or January 14, 1868 in Leeds, England. He had a brother, Francis Ferari (1862–1914), also a lion tamer. Joseph died on May 11, 1953 in Port Richmond, New York on Staten Island.

description: American circus proprietor

wikidata_label: Joseph Gincomo Ferari

wikipedia_title: Joseph Giacomo Ferari


text:
Major League Baseball
outfielder
Pittsburgh Pirates
Philadelphia Athletics
Pacific Coast League
fixing games
Cromwell, Indiana
leadoff hitter
Los Angeles Angels
runs scored
triples
San Francisco Seals
Salt Lake City Bees
Vernon Tigers
Babe Borton
Gene Dale
Bill Rumler
Black Sox
Fresno, California
His son

categories: 1963 deaths,Fort Wayne (minor league baseball) players,Salt Lake City Bees players,San Francisco Seals (baseball) players,Pittsburgh Pirates players,Springfield Ponies players,Oakland Oaks (baseball) players,1883 births,Major League Baseball outfielders,Los Angeles Angels (minor league) players,Philadelphia Athletics players,Sharon Steels players,Wheeling Stogies players

paragraph: Harl Maggert (1910s outfielder)

paragraph: Harl Vestin Maggert (February 13, 1883 – January 7, 1963) was a Major League Baseball outfielder for the Pittsburgh Pirates and Philadelphia Athletics. He was also a star in the Pacific Coast League before being suspended in 1920 for fixing games.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Born in Cromwell, Indiana, Maggert began his professional baseball career in 1906. He was drafted by the Pirates after the season and played in three games for them. He went back down to the minor leagues in 1908. In 1911, he hit .314 in the Pacific Coast League and made the Athletics roster in 1912. He hit decently but left the A's after just one season.

paragraph: From 1913–1917, Maggert was the leadoff hitter for the PCL's Los Angeles Angels. He led the league in runs scored in 1913, 1914, and 1915, with over 125 all three times. He also paced the circuit in triples twice.

paragraph: Maggert played for the San Francisco Seals in 1918 and the Salt Lake City Bees in 1919 and 1920. In 1919, he led the league in runs scored for the fourth time. In 1920, Maggert had the best season of his entire career. He was hitting .370 and on his way to the batting title – until he was suspended in midseason.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Pacific Coast League scandal.

paragraph: In late July 1920, Vernon Tigers first baseman Babe Borton handed Maggert $300, which aroused suspicion. Borton had previously offered the money to one of Maggert's teammates. In the ensuing investigation, it was discovered that Maggert and other Salt Lake City players had thrown games during the previous season so that Borton's Tigers could win the pennant.

paragraph: Maggert was soon released by the Bees. In December, he and Borton were both cleared of all criminal charges in court. However, Maggert, Borton, Gene Dale, and Bill Rumler were expelled from the Pacific Coast League. Maggert never played in organized baseball again.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: Over the next few years, Maggert played in "outlaw" baseball leagues along with other suspended players, such as the Black Sox.

paragraph: Maggert died in 1963 in Fresno, California. His son was also a major league outfielder.

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Harl Maggert

wikipedia_title: Harl Maggert (1910s outfielder)


text: Canadian

text: high jump

text: North America

text: Dick Fosbury

text: Fosbury Flop

text: 1970 Commonwealth Games

text: Pan American Games

text: 1972 Summer Olympics

text: Munich massacre

text: IAAF World Cup

text: 1982 Commonwealth Games

text: Mission, British Columbia

text: Dick Fosbury

text: 1972 Olympics

text: Munich massacre

text: 1976 Montreal Olympics

text: Inha Babakova

text: Stefka Kostadinova

text: Order of Canada

text: Canadian National High Jump Record

text: World Masters Record

text: United States National

text: WAAA National

text: Statistics at gbrathletics.com

text: Canadian Olympic Committee

categories: Sportspeople from British Columbia,Pan American Games bronze medalists for Canada,Canadian masters athletes,People from Mission, British Columbia,1953 births,Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Canada,Officers of the Order of Canada,Athletes (track and field) at the 1975 Pan American Games,Athletes (track and field) at the 1972 Summer Olympics,Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Canada,Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics,Athletes (track and field) at the 1986 Commonwealth Games,Pan American Games gold medalists for Canada,Canadian female high jumpers,Athletes (track and field) at the 1979 Pan American Games,Athletes (track and field) at the 1984 Summer Olympics,Athletes (track and field) at the 1976 Summer Olympics,Universiade medalists in athletics (track and field),Athletes (track and field) at the 1978 Commonwealth Games,Athletes (track and field) at the 1971 Pan American Games,Pan American Games medalists in athletics (track and field),Athletes (track and field) at the 1982 Commonwealth Games,Living people,Athletes (track and field) at the 1970 British Commonwealth Games,World Championships in Athletics athletes for Canada,Olympic track and field athletes of Canada

paragraph: Debbie Brill

paragraph: Debbie Arden Brill, (born March 10, 1953) is a Canadian high jump athlete who at the age of 16 became the first North American woman to clear 6 feet. Her unique reverse jumping style—which is now almost exclusively the technique of elite high jumpers—was called the "Brill Bend" and was developed by her when she was a child, around the same time as Dick Fosbury was developing the similar Fosbury Flop in the USA. Brill won gold in the high jump at the 1970 Commonwealth Games, and at the Pan American Games in 1971. She finished 8th in the 1972 Summer Olympics, then quit the sport in the wake of the Munich massacre, returning three years later. She won gold at the IAAF World Cup in 1979, and at the 1982 Commonwealth Games. She has held the Canadian high jump record since 1969, and set the current record of 1.99 meters in 1982, a few months after giving birth to her first child.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Brill was born in Mission, British Columbia, one of five children of a Canadian father and an American mother. She developed her unique style of jumping as a preteen on the family farm when her father made a landing pit containing foam rubber. Fifty years later she described it as "a natural extension of what my body was telling me to do. It was physical intuition; it wasn't anything taught." The technique, which involved jumping over the bar with her face to the sky and landing on her back, was dubbed the "Brill bend". Her clubmates thought it was unique until they learned that an older American athlete, Dick Fosbury, was becoming known for using the same technique.

paragraph: Brill started competing provincially in British Columbia in 1966, at age 13. The following year, she competed at the Canadian national level. Her first international competition was in 1968, at age 15. In 1970, at age 16, she became the first woman in the western hemisphere to jump .

paragraph: Brill has held the Canadian National High Jump record since 1969, establishing her first Canadian High Jump record when she was 16. She set her final Canadian outdoor record in September 1984 with . Her indoor record of was set in 1982. As of 2017, Brill's Canadian records still stand. She won the Gold medal at the first Pacific Conference Games in 1969. She would again win the Pacific Conference Games title in 1977.

paragraph: Brill won the 1970 Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh, Scotland, UK, and was presented with the gold medal by Queen Elizabeth. She the 1971 Pan Am Games. Brill came in eighth at the 1972 Olympics in Munich. She campaigned to have the Games stopped after the Munich massacre, and retired after the Games, becoming disillusioned with the Olympic experience. She returned to competition in 1975 and placed 4th at the Pan Am Games. At the 1976 Montreal Olympics she was eliminated after failing three times at the opening height, and was criticized for laughing in a subsequent interview, although she wrote afterwards that she was disappointed by her failure. She placed 3rd at the first World Cup in 1977, and won a silver medal at home in Edmonton, at the 1978 Commonwealth Games. In 1979 Brill won a gold medal in the athletics World Cup held in Montreal, Canada. She was the world's number one high jumper for 1979.

paragraph: Having been ranked number one in the world by Track and Field News in 1979, Brill was one of the favourites going into the 1980 Olympics which Canada boycotted because of the U.S.S.R.'s military involvement in Afghanistan. In January 1982, Brill established a World Indoor High Jump record of 1.99 meters in Edmonton, Alberta, 5 months after giving birth to her first son, Neil. She has a daughter, Katelin, and a son, Jacob. She is married to a physician, Dr. Douglas Coleman. She was again Commonwealth Champion in 1982 at the games in Brisbane.

paragraph: From 1970 to 1985, in the annual Track and Field News merit rankings, Brill was ranked in the world's top ten for the high jump twelve times (the exceptions being 1973, 74, 76 and 81; with 76 being the only active year of the four). She was ranked in the top 5 six times. The only female high jumpers with more top ten rankings are Inha Babakova and Stefka Kostadinova, both with thirteen.

paragraph: In 1983, Brill was made an Officer of the Order of Canada in recognition for being "Canada's premier woman high-jumper". In 2012, she was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal.

paragraph: In 1999, at the age of 46, Brill broke the world masters record (age 45+) when she cleared 1.76 metres in Gateshead. In 2004, she broke the age 50+ masters record by clearing 1.60 m in Langley. As of 2016, Brill's world age group records still stand.

paragraph: Section::::Achievements.

paragraph: Section::::Achievements.:Records.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Canadian National High Jump Record – 1.98 m (1984, has held national record since 1969)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Canadian National Indoor Record – 1.99 m (1982, former world indoor record)

paragraph: BULLET::::- World Masters Record (W45+) – 1.76 (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- World Masters Record (W50+) – 1.60 m (2004)

paragraph: Section::::Achievements.:National titles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 11 times Canadian National High Jump Champion – 1968-71,1974,1976,1978,1980,1982-1984

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2 times United States National High Jump Champion – 1979, 1982

paragraph: BULLET::::- WAAA National (UK) High Jump Champion – 1971

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Statistics at gbrathletics.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Canadian Olympic Committee

description: Canadian high jumper

wikidata_label: Debbie Brill

wikipedia_title: Debbie Brill


text:
General
The Salvation Army
Officer of The Salvation Army
High Council of The Salvation Army
Albert Orsborn at The Salvation Army

categories: English Salvationists,1886 births,British Salvationists,Christian writers,1967 deaths

paragraph: Albert Orsborn

paragraph: Albert Orsborn (4 September 1886 – 4 February 1967) was the 6th General of The Salvation Army (1946-1954).

paragraph: Born Albert William Thomas Orsborn, he became an Officer of The Salvation Army in 1905. Albert served as a Corps Officer and in divisional work in the British Territory of the Army. In 1909, he married his first wife, Captain Evalina Barker.

paragraph: In 1925, he was sent to serve as Chief Side Officer at the International Training College. In 1933, he was farewelled to New Zealand as Chief Secretary. He then became Territorial Commander of Scotland and Ireland in 1936. In 1940, he became British Commissioner.

paragraph: Albert Orsborn's first wife, Captain Evalina Barker, died in 1942. This was a very hard time for him. Two years later, in 1944, he married his second wife, Major Evelyn Berry. They were married for just a year when she died.

paragraph: In 1946, the High Council of The Salvation Army elected Albert to become the General of The Salvation Army. He married his third wife, Commissioner Mrs Phillis Taylor (a daughter of General Higgins), in 1947.

paragraph: General Orsborn served as General for eight years. He was the author of "The House of My Pilgrimage". He retired on 30 June 1954.

paragraph: General Albert Orsborn died at the age of 80 years and 5 months.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Albert Orsborn at The Salvation Army

description: General of the Salvation Army

wikidata_label: Albert Orsborn

wikipedia_title: Albert Orsborn


text: Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople

text: Metropolitan

text: Drama

text: Constantine II of Georgia

text: Nephon II

text: rulers of Wallachia

text: Georgia

text: Ottoman Empire

text: Selymbria

text: Sultan

text: Sultan Bayezid II

text: Pachomius I

text: Radu IV the Great

text: Wallachia

text: Bogdan III the One-Eyed

text: Moldavia

text: Târgoviște

text: Drista

categories: 16th-century Greek people,15th-century patriarchs of Constantinople,15th-century Greek people,Year of birth unknown,1504 deaths

paragraph: Joachim I of Constantinople

paragraph: Joachim I (), (? – 1504) was Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople from 1498 to 1502 and for a short time in 1504.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Concerning the early life of Joachim before he became Patriarch of Constantinople, we know that he was Metropolitan of Drama and that he was young, not particularly learned but very able in ecclesiastic matters and striking for virtue. In autumn 1498 he was elected as Patriarch with the support of king Constantine II of Georgia, taking the place of Nephon II who in turn was supported by the rulers of Wallachia. Georgia was Christian country independent from the Ottoman Empire and semi-autonomous from a religious point of view, but which could sometimes apply impressive influence on the patriarchal elections.

paragraph: As Patriarch, Joachim was quite popular with his flock: while he was on the road to Georgia to raise funds, the Metropolitan of

paragraph: Selymbria offered the Sultan one thousand gold pieces to be appointed Patriarch in Joachim's place, but the faithful collected the same amount among themselves and paid it to the Sultan to avoid Joachim's deposition. In spring 1502, Joachim was however deposed by Sultan Bayezid II when the latter discovered that Joachim had ordered the building of a Christian church of stone without his permission.

paragraph: After Joachim's deposition, the new Patriarch-elect was again Nephon II, who however refused the office. Then the rulers of Wallachia moved their support to Pachomius I, who was elected in early 1503 and reigned for about one year, until early 1504 when the friends of Joachim collected 3500 gold pieces to restore him on the throne (500 pieces more than the usual fee paid to the Sultan for each patriarchal appointment).

paragraph: Joachim's second patriarchate lasted only a few months: shortly after being elected, Joachim traveled north trying to restore friendly relations with his political enemies, but both Radu IV the Great of Wallachia and Bogdan III the One-Eyed of Moldavia refused to reconcile with him. Joachim died in 1504 during his sojourn in Wallachia, in Târgoviște or in Drista, and he was succeeded again by Pachomius I.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Historia politica et patriarchica Constantinopoleos", Cap XIV: P. Ioachimus, (trans. Martin Crusius, 1584) Primary source. and

description: Patriarch of Constantinople

wikidata_label: Patriarch Joachim I of Constantinople

wikipedia_title: Joachim I of Constantinople


text:
Italian
Baroque
Siena
Giuseppe Nicola Nasini
Antonio Nasini
Apollonio Nasini
Asciano
San Pietro alla Magione
Grosseto
Grotte di Castro
Arcidosso
Castelnuovo Berardenga
Roccalbegna
Castel del Piano
Abbadia San Salvatore
Antonio Annibale Nasini

categories: Sienese painters,Italian male painters,1695 deaths,17th-century Italian painters,Year of birth uncertain,People from Siena,Italian Baroque painters

paragraph: Francesco Nasini

paragraph: Francesco Nasini (Piancastagnaio, either 1611 or 1621– Castel del Piano, 1695) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, active mainly in towns outside of Siena, Italy.

paragraph: Francesco was the progenitor of a pedigree of painters. He had a brother, Antonio Annibale Nasini. Most famous of all the family was his son Giuseppe Nicola Nasini (1664-1736), who traveled to Rome and had widespread patronage. Francesco was also the father of Antonio Nasini (1631-1716), who like his father, was mainly active near Siena. Finally, Apollonio Nasini, son of Giuseppe, was also a painter of some distinction.

paragraph: Francesco was very prolific in the province of Siena. In an inventory of works of art in Siena, many works are listed by specific members of the family, or attributed to the family. For example, in the right chapel of the church of the Madonna del Rimedii, were frescoes, in poor condition, of Saints Cecilia, Agnese, Margherita, Barbara, Rocco, and Agustine (1700). In a chapel on the left, were frescoes of Saints Agatha, Lucia, Appollonia, Orsola, Anthony of Padua, and Gaetano (Cajetan). The ceiling had a "Glory of St Anthony" painted in 1694. In the suppressed church of St Mark linked to a suppressed monastery were frescoes of Saints John the Baptist and St Bernard Abbot, Saints Michael and Raphael Archangel, plus other frescoes in the chapels including an "Annunciacion", "Visitation", and frescoes of the Evangelists and the holy father, and Saints. In San Francesco presso Asciano, there was an altarpiece of the "Crucifixion" completed in 1664. Francesco also painted frescoes of the "Last Supper" in the refectory of the convent of the Carmine. He also painted an altarpiece for the church of San Pietro alla Magione

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Grosseto: Frescoes in chapel of Church of San Antonio di San Francesco.

paragraph: Grotte di Castro: Altarpiece of "Madonna of Rosary and mysteries", Basilica of San Giovanni Battista.

paragraph: Arcidosso: Frescoes of Saints and Martyrs, Church of the Misericordia.

paragraph: Castelnuovo Berardenga: Holy Family, Church of Santi Giusto e Clemente.

paragraph: Roccalbegna: Chiesa dei Santi Pietro e Paolo and Collection of the Oratorio del SS. Crocifisso.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Madonna del Carmine with Saints Cristopher and Jacob

paragraph: BULLET::::- Crucifixion, "Ecce Homo", and Christ Risen.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Madonna with child.

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Nicolas of Bari, St Anthony of Padua, and the child Jesus

paragraph: Castel del Piano:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Madonna of the Carmine y Ginanneschi, Church of Madonna delle Grazie.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Discovery of the True Cross, Church of SS. Sacramento.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marriage of the Virgin (1664), Church of San Giuseppe.

paragraph: Abbadia San Salvatore:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Martyrdom of St Bartholomew.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Life of the Virgin (1653-1659).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Legend of King Ratchis (1652-1653).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nativity.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Frescoes in rectory with brother Antonio Annibale Nasini.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Translated, in part, from French Wikipedia entry

description: Italian painter

wikidata_label: Francesco Nasini

wikipedia_title: Francesco Nasini


text:
Nidaros
Nidaros
Aslak Bolt's cadastre

categories: Year of birth uncertain,Year of birth unknown,15th-century Roman Catholic archbishops,15th-century Norwegian people,1450 deaths,Norwegian Roman Catholic archbishops

paragraph: Aslak Bolt

paragraph: Aslak Harniktsson Bolt (c. 1380 – 1450) was a 15th-century Norwegian priest who served as Archbishop of the Nidaros.

paragraph: His parents were Harnikt Henningsson and Sigrid Aslaksdatter Bolt. His mother was a member of a Norwegian noble family.

paragraph: He served as archbishop of Nidaros from about 1427 to 1450. He is most known for his detailed register of properties and incomes of the archdiocese, commonly known as "Aslak Bolt's cadastre" ("Aslak Bolts jordebok") from 1432 to 1433. The properties listed included thousands of farms, and the survey has been an important and primary historical source from the period.

description: Roman Catholic archbishop

wikidata_label: Aslak Bolt

wikipedia_title: Aslak Bolt


text:
House of Saud
King Fahd
Al Saud
late Prince Sultan
King Khalid
Prince Muhammed
Santa Barbara
Los Angeles
Faisal bin Fahd
Saud bin Fahd
the Sandhurst Military Academy
armed forces
lieutenant
Tabuk Province
Faisal bin Fahd
Prince Nawaf

categories: Graduates of the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst,Government ministers of Saudi Arabia,Grandsons of Ibn Saud,1951 births,Living people

paragraph: Sultan bin Fahd Al Saud

paragraph: Sultan bin Fahd Al Saud (born 1951) is the former president of youth welfare and a member of House of Saud.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Prince Sultan was born in Taif in 1951. He is the son of King Fahd. His mother, Alanoud bint Abdulaziz bin Musaid, is from the Jiluwi branch of the Al Saud whose members intermarried with the Al Saud. Alanoud bint Abdulaziz was younger sister of Moneera, who was the spouse of late Prince Sultan and she was also cousin of King Khalid and Prince Muhammed. She died of kidney failure in Santa Barbara in March 1999 after a long period of treatment in Los Angeles at the age of 76.

paragraph: Prince Sultan's full-brothers are Faisal bin Fahd, Saud bin Fahd and Khaled bin Fahd.

paragraph: After schooling in Riyadh, Prince Sultan attended the Sandhurst Military Academy and obtained a bachelor's degree in military sciences in 1973.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Sultan bin Fahd joined the tank corps of the Saudi Arabian armed forces as a lieutenant at Tabuk Province after his graduation. In 1991, he was appointed deputy president of youth welfare. He was appointed president of the body on 1 September 1999 after his brother Faisal bin Fahd, former president, died. He resigned from office in January 2011. He was also the chairman of Saudi Arabian olympic committee during his tenure. His nephew Prince Nawaf replaced him as the head of youth welfare.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Sultan bin Fahd is married to Juhayr bint Faisal bin Turki Al Saud and has two daughters, Nuf and Sara.

description: Saudi prince and politician

wikidata_label: Sultan bin Fahd

wikipedia_title: Sultan bin Fahd Al Saud


text: track and field

text: hurdler

text: 400 metres hurdles

text: 2018 Berlin European Championships

text: 4×400 metres relay

text: ALBA Games

text: 400 metres hurdles

text: Cuban Athletics Championships

text: Olimpiada Cubana

text: 400 metres

text: Rafael Fortun

text: Havana

text: Omar Cisneros

text: 2007 ALBA Games

text: 4×400 metres relay

text: Isa Phillips

text: 110 metres hurdles

text: Cuba at the 2008 Summer Olympics

text: 200 metres

text: 400 metres

text: 110 metres hurdles

text: 400 metres hurdles

categories: Fenerbahçe athletes,1987 births,World Championships in Athletics athletes for Turkey,Mediterranean Games silver medalists for Turkey,Medalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics,Cuban male hurdlers,Cuban emigrants to Turkey,Naturalized citizens of Turkey,Competitors at the 2018 Mediterranean Games,European champions for Turkey,Athletes (track and field) at the 2016 Summer Olympics,Turkish male sprinters,European Championships silver medalists,Cuban male sprinters,World Championships in Athletics medalists,Living people,European Athletics Championships medalists,Turkish male hurdlers,Olympic athletes of Turkey,Olympic bronze medalists for Turkey,Olympic bronze medalists in athletics (track and field)

paragraph: Yasmani Copello

paragraph: Yasmani Copello Escobar (born 15 April 1987) is a Cuban-born track and field hurdler who represents Turkey internationally. His personal best for the 400 metres hurdles is 47.81 seconds, set in the final of the 2018 Berlin European Championships.

paragraph: While representing Cuba he won a silver medal at the 2008 Central American and Caribbean Championships and was a gold medallist in the 4×400 metres relay team at the 2008 Ibero-American Championships in Athletics. He won two silver medals in the hurdles and two relay gold medals at the ALBA Games in 2007 and 2009. He moved to Turkey in 2012 and began representing his adopted country in 2014.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In Cuba

paragraph: He began competed at national level in Cuba as a teenager in 2006. That year he placed fourth in the 400 metres hurdles at the Cuban Athletics Championships and came fifth at the Olimpiada Cubana. He began 2007 with a series of personal bests. He improved in the 400 metres flat to record 47.48 seconds at the Rafael Fortun National Meeting and a 400 m hurdles run of 50.43 seconds in Havana. In his first international appearance he came runner-up to fellow Cuban Omar Cisneros to take silver at the 2007 ALBA Games in a new best of 49.99 seconds. He teamed up with Cisneros to help Cuba to the gold medals in the 4×400 metres relay at the event. Copello won another title with the Cuban relay team at the 2008 Ibero-American Championships in Athletics. He ran individually at the 2008 Central American and Caribbean Championships, securing the silver 400 m hurdles medal behind Jamaica's Isa Phillips as well as running in the heats of the 110 metres hurdles. He was provisionally named in the relay squad for Cuba at the 2008 Summer Olympics, but ultimately did not compete.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In Turkey

paragraph: He opted for Turkish nationality in October 2013, and on 30 April 2014, he became eligible to represent Turkey internationally.

paragraph: Section::::Personal bests.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 200 metres – 21.44 seconds (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 400 metres – 46.77 seconds (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 110 metres hurdles – 14.35 seconds (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 400 metres hurdles (outdoor) – 47.81 seconds (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 400 metres hurdles (indoor) – 49.54 seconds (2013)

description: Cuban-Turkish hurdler

wikidata_label: Yasmani Copello

wikipedia_title: Yasmani Copello


text:
Kirman
Mongol
Qutlugh-Khanid dynasty
Kirman
Qutb al-Din
Kutlugh Turkan
Abaka Khan
Gaykhatu
Suyurghatamish
Venetian
Marco Polo
Khurdudjin
Baydu

categories: 13th-century writers,People of the Ilkhanate,1295 deaths,13th-century women writers,Women of the Mongol Empire,13th-century births

paragraph: Padishah Khatun

paragraph: Safwat al-Din Khatun (died 1295), otherwise known as Padishah Khatun, was the ruler of Kirman in Persia from 1291 until 1295 as a member of the Mongol vassal Qutlugh-Khanid dynasty in Persia.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: She was born in the Kirman, the Persian vassal dynasty of the Mongols, as the daughter of Qutb al-Din (d. 1257) and Kutlugh Turkan of Kirman.

paragraph: Her first spouse was Abaka Khan. The marriage was arranged by her mother to secure Mongolian support for her rule. Her spouse inherited rule of Persia, but died soon after, in 1282. She then married her former stepson, Gaykhatu.

paragraph: In 1291, when Gaykhatu, in turn, inherited rule of Persia, she demanded to be given the rule of the Persian vassal monarchy of Kirman as her personal fief, which her spouse agreed.

paragraph: Padishah`s half-brother Suyurghatamish had ruled Kirman after Padishah`s mother; she had him imprisoned after she took power, and when he tried to escape, she had him murdered.

paragraph: Padishah earned mention in the travel diary of Venetian traveler, Marco Polo, a contemporary of Padishah.

paragraph: He described her as "“an ambitious and clever woman, who put her own brother Siyurgutmish to death as a rival.”"

paragraph: She had both silver and gold coins struck in her name.

paragraph: When her husband, Gaykhatu, died in 1295, Padishah was killed by factions allied with her half-brother. The Mongolian princess Khurdudjin, the widow of Suyurghatamish, demanded of Gaykhatu's successor, Baydu, demanded that Padishah be executed, to which he agreed. Khurdudjin then succeeded Padishah as sovereign queen of Kirman.

description: Mongol poet

wikidata_label: Padishah Khatun

wikipedia_title: Padishah Khatun