text:
Anglo-Irish
Henry Prittie, 1st Baron Dunalley
Charles Bury, 1st Earl of Charleville
Irish House of Commons
Carlow Borough
Irish peerage
British House of Lords
Member of Parliament
British House of Commons
Okehampton
Irish Representative Peer
Cornwallis Maude, 1st Viscount Hawarden

categories: UK MPs 1820–1826,1854 deaths,UK MPs 1801–1802,UK MPs 1818–1820,Barons in the Peerage of Ireland,Irish MPs 1798–1800,Members of the Parliament of Ireland (pre-1801) for County Carlow constituencies,Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for County Carlow constituencies (1801–1922),1775 births,Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies

paragraph: Henry Prittie, 2nd Baron Dunalley

paragraph: Henry Prittie, 2nd Baron Dunalley (3 March 1775 – 19 October 1854) was an Anglo-Irish politician.

paragraph: Dunalley was the son of Henry Prittie, 1st Baron Dunalley, by Catherine Sadleir, daughter of Francis Sadleir and widow of John Bury. Charles Bury, 1st Earl of Charleville, was Dunalley's half-brother. He was elected to the Irish House of Commons for Carlow Borough in 1798, a seat he held until the Irish Parliament was abolished in 1801. The same year he succeeded his father as second Baron Dunalley, but as this was an Irish peerage it did not entitle him to an automatic seat in the British House of Lords. In 1819 Dunalley became a Member of Parliament (MP) in the British House of Commons for Okehampton, and represented this constituency until 1824. He was elected an Irish Representative Peer in 1828, and sat in the House of Lords until his death.

paragraph: Lord Dunalley married, firstly, Maria Trant, daughter of Dominick Trant, in 1802. After his first wife's death in 1819 he married, secondly, Hon. Emily Maude, daughter of Cornwallis Maude, 1st Viscount Hawarden, in 1826. Lord Dunalley died in October 1854, aged 79. Both his marriages were childless and he was succeeded in the barony by his nephew Henry Prittie.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). "Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage" (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990,

description: British politician

wikidata_label: Henry Prittie, 2nd Baron Dunalley

wikipedia_title: Henry Prittie, 2nd Baron Dunalley


text:
Bishop of Limburg
Catholic protests over Nazi euthanasia
Clemens August von Galen
Franz Gürtner
Catholic Church and Nazi Germany
Catholic resistance to Nazism
Petition of Bishop of Limburg

paragraph: Antonius Hilfrich

paragraph: Antonius Hilfrich (also Anton Hilfrich; 3 October 1873 – 5 February 1947) was a German priest and Roman Catholic Bishop of Limburg, Germany.

paragraph: Ordained in 1898, in March 1930 he was appointed Coadjutor Bishop of Limburg and Titular Bishop of Sebastopolis in Armenia. In June 1930 he was ordained Titular Bishop of Sebastopolis in Armenia, and he became Bishop of Limburg that October.

paragraph: Amid 1941 Catholic protests over Nazi euthanasia led by Bishop Clemens August von Galen of Münster, Hilfrich wrote to Franz Gürtner, the German Minister for Justice, to denounce the murders, calling them an "injustice that cries out to heaven".

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church and Nazi Germany

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic resistance to Nazism

paragraph: Section::::External pages.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Petition of Bishop of Limburg to the Reich Minister of Justice Concerning Killing of Patients at the State Hospital for the Mentally Ill at Hadamar 13 August 1941

description: German priest

wikidata_label: Antonius Hilfrich

wikipedia_title: Antonius Hilfrich


text:
Italian
Mannheim
Frankfurt
Ludwigsburg
Laino
Simon
Munich
Angelo Quaglio the Elder
Cologne Cathedral
Domenico
Lorenzo

wikipedia_title:
Italy
Mannheim
Frankfurt
Ludwigsburg
Laino
Simon Quaglio
Munich
Angelo Quaglio the Elder
Cologne Cathedral
Domenico Quaglio the Younger
Lorenzo Quaglio the Younger

categories: 1828 deaths,Italian male painters,18th-century Italian painters,Opera designers,19th-century Italian painters,1747 births,Lombard painters,Italian scenic designers,German scenic designers

paragraph: Giuseppe Quaglio

paragraph: Giuseppe Quaglio (2 December 1747 – 23 January 1828) was an Italian painter and stage designer, active in scene painting in Mannheim, Frankfurt, and Ludwigsburg.

paragraph: Born in the town of Laino, between Lake Como and Lake Lugano, Giuseppe is part of the Quaglio family of scene painters, architects, and artists. Giuseppe's sons include the scene designer Simon (1795–1878), active mainly in Munich, Angelo Quaglio the Elder (1784—1815), an architect and painter. He designed and painted landscapes and architectural pictures for Boisserée's work on Cologne Cathedral, Domenico (1787–1837), a landscape and architectural painter, scene painter, engraver, and architect, born in Munich and died at Hohenschwangau; and Lorenzo (1793–1869), a genre painter and lithographer.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- James Anderson, "The Complete Dictionary of Opera and Operetta".

alias:
Giuseppe Qualio
Joseph Quaglio
Giuseppe Quaglia
Giuseppe Qualia
Jos. Jul. Quaglio

description: Italian painter

wikidata_label: Giuseppe Quaglio

wikipedia_title: Giuseppe Quaglio


text: Brigadier

text: National Party

text: Robert Muldoon

text: Hastings

text: Christ's College, Christchurch

text: New Zealand Army

text: Māori Battalion

text: Divisional Cavalry Regiment

text: Hastings

text: Robert Muldoon

text: Peter Gordon

text: capital punishment

text: Second National Government

text: Administrator of Tokelau

text: Bay of Plenty

text: East Cape

text: Hamish MacIntyre

text: Prime Minister

text: Holyoake

text: Marshall

text: Muldoon

text: Minister of Māori Affairs

text: Minister of Island Territories

text: Minister of Island Affairs

text: Minister for the Environment

text: Conflict of interest

text: East Cape

text: Waipukurau

text: Ngāti Kahungunu

text: Porangahau

categories: New Zealand military personnel of World War II,New Zealand National Party MPs,People educated at Christ's College, Christchurch,1915 births,New Zealand Officers of the Order of the British Empire,Members of the New Zealand House of Representatives,Members of the Cabinet of New Zealand,Deputy Prime Ministers of New Zealand,New Zealand Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George,Unsuccessful candidates in the 1984 New Zealand general election,2001 deaths,Administrators of Tokelau,New Zealand farmers,New Zealand Companions of the Distinguished Service Order,People from Hastings, New Zealand,New Zealand brigadiers,New Zealand MPs for North Island electorates,Unsuccessful candidates in the 1972 New Zealand general election

paragraph: Duncan MacIntyre (New Zealand politician)

paragraph: Brigadier Duncan MacIntyre (10 November 19158 June 2001) was a New Zealand politician of the National Party. He served as Deputy Prime Minister from 1981 to 1984 under Prime Minister Robert Muldoon.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: MacIntyre was born at Hastings on 10 November 1915. He received his education at Christ's College, Christchurch. He was a farmer from 1933 to 1939, when he joined the New Zealand Army.

paragraph: Section::::World War Two.

paragraph: MacIntyre served in World War II in Australia, the Middle East, and Italy, and commanded the Māori Battalion. He was awarded the D.S.O. After the war, he was commander for troops in Japan. MacIntyre commanded the Divisional Cavalry Regiment from 1945 to 1946.

paragraph: Section::::Member of Parliament.

paragraph: MacIntyre represented the Hastings electorate in Parliament from to 1972, when he was defeated. With Robert Muldoon and Peter Gordon he was one of the three Young Turks of the National Party who entered Parliament in 1960.

paragraph: In 1961 he was one of ten National MPs to vote with the Opposition and remove capital punishment for murder from the Crimes Bill that the Second National Government had introduced. In 1971 and 1972 MacIntyre was Administrator of Tokelau.

paragraph: He then represented the Bay of Plenty electorate in Parliament from to 1978, and the East Cape electorate from to 1984, when he retired. His son, Hamish MacIntyre, was elected to Parliament in .

paragraph: He served under three Prime Ministers (Holyoake, Marshall, and Muldoon) as Cabinet Minister. He was Minister of Lands (1966–1972), Minister of Forests (1966–1972), Minister of Māori Affairs (1969–1972 and 1975–1978), Minister of Island Territories (1969–1972), Minister of Island Affairs (1972), Minister for the Environment (1972), Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries (1975–1977), Minister of Agriculture (1977–1984), and Minister of Fisheries (1978–1984). He was made a Privy Councillor in 1980.

paragraph: In September 1980 MacIntyre gave a Marginal Land Boards loan to his daughter and son-in-law raising questions around Conflict of interest. A public inquiry later concluded that MacIntyre had not acted willfully improperly. Nonetheless, several public resignations of National Party officeholders followed in MacIntyre's East Cape electorate causing serious damage to MacIntyre's reputation.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: By 1982, MacIntyre had a serious heart problem. He died at Waipukurau on 8 June 2001. Ngāti Kahungunu held him in such high regard for his conduct as Māori Affairs Minister that his body was at their Porangahau Marae for one night before the funeral. He was survived by his second wife, daughters and a son.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rt. Hon. Duncan MacIntyre, MP (record group) (AEFU), Archives New Zealand

description: New Zealand politician

wikidata_label: Duncan MacIntyre


text:
Hungarian
1924 Summer Olympics

categories: Medalists at the 1912 Summer Olympics,Wrestlers at the 1924 Summer Olympics,Hungarian male sport wrestlers,Wrestlers at the 1912 Summer Olympics,1969 deaths,Olympic bronze medalists for Hungary,1888 births,Olympic medalists in wrestling,Olympic wrestlers of Hungary

paragraph: Béla Varga (wrestler)

paragraph: Béla Varga (2 June 1888 – 4 April 1969) was a Hungarian wrestler who competed at the 1912 and 1924 Summer Olympics. He won the bronze medal in the light heavyweight class in 1912.

description: Olympic wrestler

wikidata_label: Béla Varga

wikipedia_title: Béla Varga (wrestler)


text:
ABC
Discovery
Harmony Records
Hal Seeger
Batfink
Bill Owen
Get the Message
Robert Q. Lewis
What's Up, Tiger Lily?
Overboard
Paramount Television
Love, American Style
The Odd Couple
Happy Days
Mork & Mindy
Hot Dog
NBC
Woody Allen
Tom Smothers
Jonathan Winters
Joanne Worley
Peabody Award
Bainbridge Island
Washington
Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers

categories: Screenwriters from Washington (state),American television directors,1930 births,American male film actors,American male television actors,People from Bainbridge Island, Washington,People from Wellesley, Massachusetts,American male voice actors,American male stage actors,American television writers,Screenwriters from Massachusetts,Male actors from Massachusetts,2018 deaths,Male television writers

paragraph: Frank Buxton

paragraph: Frank Buxton (February 13, 1930 – January 2, 2018) was an American actor, television writer, author, and television director.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Buxton's first credit was host and producer of the ABC television documentary series, "Discovery", which he hosted from 1962 to 1966. Buxton also did the narration, as well as all of the voices, for the "Silly Record" LP (1962 on Harmony Records).

paragraph: In 1966, Buxton teamed up with Hal Seeger in the animated cartoon series "Batfink", providing the voice for the title character in all 100 episodes, as well as its recurring villain "Hugo A-Go-Go". Frank co-wrote "The Big Broadcast", a book on the golden age of radio; the book was co-written with Bill Owen, who succeeded Buxton as host of "Discovery" from 1966 to 1971. He also hosted the game show "Get the Message" for ABC in 1964, later to be replaced by Robert Q. Lewis. He also had movie roles in "What's Up, Tiger Lily?" and "Overboard".

paragraph: For much of the 1970s, Buxton worked as a writer, producer and director for Paramount Television. He served as a story editor for the comedy anthology series "Love, American Style", in addition to writing and directing episodes of "The Odd Couple", "Happy Days" and "Mork & Mindy".

paragraph: Buxton also created, wrote, produced and directed the television series "Hot Dog" for NBC, which starred Woody Allen, Tom Smothers, Jonathan Winters, and Joanne Worley. The series won a Peabody Award in 1970.

paragraph: He spent the end of his life in Bainbridge Island, Washington, where he was active in community theatre and numerous philanthropic activities. Frank continued to perform regularly with The Edge, an improvisational comedy group at Bainbridge Performing Arts. He was also a regular cast member on the web cooking show Cookus Interruptus.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Buxton died on January 2, 2018 in Bainbridge Island, Washington from heart-related issues. At the time of his death, he was still active in local theater and improv.

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.:Television.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chip 'n Dale Rescue Rangers" – Mr. Starfish

description: American actor

wikidata_label: Frank Buxton

wikipedia_title: Frank Buxton


text:
manuscript illuminator
John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford
Bedford Hours
book of hours
British Library
Bibliothèque nationale de France
Royal Collection
workshop
Chief Associate of the Bedford Master
Millard Meiss
Hagenau
Alsace
Bedford Hours
BnF
John Sobieski
Österreichische Nationalbibliothek

categories: 15th-century French painters,Manuscript illuminators

paragraph: Bedford Master

paragraph: The Bedford Master was a manuscript illuminator active in Paris during the fifteenth century. He is named for the work he did on two books illustrated for John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford between 1415 and 1435. One is the Bedford Hours, a book of hours in the British Library (Add. MS 18850); the other, the Salisbury Breviary, is in the Bibliothèque nationale de France (MS lat. 17294). Another manuscript is in the Royal Collection. The Bedford Master is known to have been the head of a workshop; his chief assistant is known as the Chief Associate of the Bedford Master.

paragraph: Recent scholarship has tended to move from talking about the "Bedford Master" to the "Bedford Workshop" and even the Bedford Trend, a term introduced by Millard Meiss in 1967, which includes a wider period leading up to the key Bedford works. A "Master of the Bedford Trend" has also been attributed with some works. One possible candidate for the identity of the Bedford Master is "Haincelin of Hagenau" in Alsace, who was recorded in Paris between 1403 and 1424, and was perhaps the father of "Jean Haincelin", active between at least 1438 and 1449, and was perhaps the "Dunois Master" who has been given a group of late Bedford-style manuscripts.

paragraph: Section::::Manuscripts.

paragraph: For John, Duke of Bedford:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bedford Hours, British Library, Add. MS 18850

paragraph: BULLET::::- Salisbury Breviary, BnF, MS Lat. 17294

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hours of John Sobieski, Royal Collection, in part

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pontifical of Poitiers, now lost

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hours and Psalter, British Library, Add. MS 74754

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hours, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, Cod. 1855 (Source: Björn R. Tammen, "Prayers and beyond" in "Prospettive di iconografia musicale"(2007)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Royal": McKendrick, Scot, Lowden, John and Doyle, Kathleen, (eds), "Royal Manuscripts, The Genius of Illumination", 2011, British Library, 9780712358156

alias: Master of the Breviary of the Duke of Bedford

description: manuscript illuminator active in Paris

wikidata_label: Bedford Master

wikipedia_title: Bedford Master


text:
American football
linebacker
National Football League
Cleveland Browns
2009 NFL Draft
college football
USC
Henry Perrine Baldwin High School
Wailuku, Hawaii
Maui
Kahuku High School
Oahu
NFL
mainland
grade point average
SAT
Chicago Bears
Brian Urlacher
recruited
scholarships
UCLA
Washington
Oregon
Utah
BYU
Wisconsin
Colorado
Arizona
UTEP
University of Hawaii
June Jones
Hollywood
Brian Cushing
Council of the County of Maui
head coach
Pete Carroll
Ken Norton Jr
Brian Cushing
Clay Matthews III
Rey Maualuga
Mario Danelo
2006
2007 season
Arizona State
bowl game
2008 Rose Bowl
2008 season
All-American
NFL Draft
Keith Rivers
Brian Cushing
Rey Maualuga
Notre Dame
2009 Rose Bowl
Brian Cushing
Clay Matthews III
Rey Maualuga
NFL Scouting Combine
2009 Rose Bowl
Pac-10
Cleveland Browns
2009 NFL Draft
Oakland Raiders
Kamehameha Schools
professional wrestler
Neff Maiava
Dwayne Johnson
Miami
Oakland Raiders bio
Cleveland Browns bio
USC Trojans bio

categories: Players of American football from Hawaii,USC Trojans football players,Cleveland Browns players,1987 births,Samoan players of American football,American people of Samoan descent,Oakland Raiders players,American football linebackers

paragraph: Kaluka Maiava

paragraph: Kaluka Maiava (born December 27, 1986) is a former American football linebacker who played for the Cleveland Browns and Oakland Raiders in the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Cleveland Browns in the fourth round of the 2009 NFL Draft. He played college football at USC.

paragraph: Section::::High school career.

paragraph: Maiava attended Henry Perrine Baldwin High School in Wailuku, Hawaii on the island of Maui. His junior year, he had 157 tackles, 22 tackles for loss and 8 sacks. Before his senior season, Maiava nearly transferred to Kahuku High School on the island of Oahu, where his uncle was an assistant coach, to get more attention at a program known for its NFL alumni; however, his strong performance in football camps on the mainland influenced him to remain at Baldwin. His senior year, he had 147 tackles, 39 tackles for loss, 8 sacks, 8 forced fumbles and 5 blocked kicks, as well as a punt return for a TD. As a student, he achieved a 3.6 grade point average and an SAT score of 1010 (old scoring system). He modeled himself after Chicago Bears linebacker Brian Urlacher.

paragraph: Considered the top recruit coming out of Hawaii and one of the top prospects at the linebacker position, Maiava was heavily recruited. A number of major programs offered him scholarships, including UCLA, Washington, Oregon, Utah, BYU, Wisconsin, Colorado, Arizona and UTEP; however, he was not strongly recruited by the University of Hawaii, then under June Jones. His final three choices were USC, UCLA and Colorado. In the summer before his senior year, while attending camps on the mainland, he was invited to make an official visit to UCLA. Impressed by their facilities and coaching staff, he made a soft verbal commitment to UCLA in July 2004. However, Maiava decided to visit other programs and eventually drawn to USC, where he was attracted to the energy of the players and coaches, the program's popularity and the Hollywood atmosphere. He committed to USC on October 11, 2004; he joined the same class as fellow Trojans linebacker Brian Cushing. He is the first player from Maui to play for USC.

paragraph: In February 2005, the Council of the County of Maui honored him with a resolution congratulating him for all of his high school football achievements.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Maiava attended USC and played for the USC Trojan football team (2005-2008 seasons) under head coach Pete Carroll and Linebacker Coach Ken Norton Jr. The 2008 linebacker corps at USC, featuring Brian Cushing, Maiava, Clay Matthews III, and Rey Maualuga, was ranked as one of the most talented linebacker corps in college football history.

paragraph: During his freshman season at USC, Maiava was selected by the team as co-special teams player of the year along with kicker Mario Danelo, he also won the Trojans' Service Team Defensive Player of the Year. In 2006, he had 34 tackles, including 3½ for losses while playing in 12 games and again winning the team's Co-Special Teams Player of the Year Award. During his junior, 2007 season, he was a key reserve, making 44 tackles, including 4½ for losses, two sacks, two pass deflections and a forced fumble while appearing in all 13 games and starting once, against Arizona State. During that season's bowl game, the 2008 Rose Bowl, he suffered a wrist injury and was unable to participate in spring practices.

paragraph: Going into his senior, 2008 season, he replaced All-American, top-10 NFL Draft selection Keith Rivers in a linebacking corp that included highly touted NFL prospects Brian Cushing and Rey Maualuga. He had a strong senior season, finishing the regular season with 62 tackles, 7½ for losses, three pass deflections and an interception while making all 12 starts. He won the team player of the game award against rival-Notre Dame, and had the highest number tackles in games were USC struggled against opposing teams' rushing attack. In the 2009 Rose Bowl Game, Maiava became the third straight linebacker from USC to have won the most valuable defensive player of the game, following 2009 bowl game teammates Cushing (2007) and Maualuga (2008).

paragraph: Maiava was one of twelve USC players, including the four senior linebackers Brian Cushing, Maiava, Clay Matthews III, and Rey Maualuga, who attended the by-invitation-only 2009 NFL Scouting Combine (top rated NCAA Division 1 teams might send only one to three senior players to the Combine).

paragraph: Section::::College career.:Awards and honors.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009 Rose Bowl Defensive MVP

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 coaches Second Team All-Pac-10

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005-2006 USC Special Teams player of the Year

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Cleveland Browns.

paragraph: Maiava was drafted by the Cleveland Browns in the fourth round, 104th overall in the 2009 NFL Draft.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Oakland Raiders.

paragraph: On March 13, 2013, Maiava signed a three-year, $6 million contract with the Oakland Raiders.

paragraph: On July 10, 2013, Maiava was charged with assault and criminal property damage.

paragraph: Maiava was released by the Raiders on November 17, 2014.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Maiava's father, Scott Mahoney, attended and played football for Kamehameha Schools and the University of Colorado as an offensive lineman. His mother, Kathryn, works for an airline, which allowed the family the ability to take free trips to the mainland during Maiava's high school recruiting period. His brother, Kai, also played football at Colorado and UCLA. He is the grandson of professional wrestler Neff Maiava, and the nephew of Dwayne Johnson, who played football at Miami before gaining fame as professional wrestler "The Rock".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oakland Raiders bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cleveland Browns bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- USC Trojans bio

paragraph: BULLET::::-

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Kaluka Maiava

wikipedia_title: Kaluka Maiava


text: Western Roman Empire

text: Bonifacius

text: Bonifacius

text: magister militum praesentalis

text: patrician

text: Galla Placidia

text: Flavius Aetius

text: Gaul

text: Battle of Ravenna (432)

text: Rome

text: Huns

text: Constantinople

text: Hellespont

text: Propontis

text: Visigothic

text: Theodoric I

text: Barcelona

text: Vandal

text: Geiseric

text: Jones, Arnold Hugh Martin

text: John Morris

categories: Magistri militum,5th-century Christians,Year of birth unknown,Year of death unknown,450 deaths,Ancient Roman generals,5th-century Romans

paragraph: Sebastianus (magister militum)

paragraph: Sebastianus (died before 445 or in 450) was a general of the Western Roman Empire, son-in-law of Bonifacius.

paragraph: A good soldier and advisor, and an orthodox Catholic, Sebastianus was son-in-law of the powerful Bonifacius, "comes Africae" in 420s, nominated "magister militum praesentalis" and patrician by the Empress Galla Placidia in 432. The elevation of Bonifacius disturbed another influential general of the empire, the "magister militum praesentalis" Flavius Aetius, who had fought and won several campaigns in Gaul; fearing that the promotion of Bonifacius to such an elevated rank (Aetius was not a patrician) would have brought his own dismissal, Aetius took the initiative and attacked Bonifacius, who won the Battle of Ravenna (432) but died from the wounds received.

paragraph: Sebastianus took the office previously kept by his father-in-law. In the meantime, Aetius fled first to his country estates, then to Rome and, through Dalmatia and Pannonia, reached the Huns, who were his friends (Aetius had spent some years, as a boy, at the Hunnic court as a hostage). When, in 433, Aetius entered Italy with a large Hunnic army, it was clear who was to win the encounter: Sebastianus was deposed and fled to Constantinople, seeking refuge at the Eastern court. Here he obtained the support of influential members of the court; he allowed his supporters to start remunerative pirate activities in Hellespont and Propontis.

paragraph: In 444, as result of some plots, he was obliged to flee the Eastern court; he reached the Visigothic court of Theodoric I and, from there, he went to Barcelona. Being declared a public enemy by the Romans, he decided to pass from Spain to Africa, where he was welcomed by the Vandal king Geiseric, who, at the beginning, kept Sebastianus as advisor, but later put him to death (450).

paragraph: A different timeline of the events puts his departure from Constantinople in 435, his arrival in Africa in 440 and his death before 445.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jones, Arnold Hugh Martin, John Robert Martindale, John Morris, "Sebastianus 3", "The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire", volume 2, Cambridge University Press, 1980, , pp. 983–984.

wikidata_label: Sebastianus

wikipedia_title: Sebastianus (magister militum)


text: Italian

text: Quattrocento

text: Florence

text: Lucca

text: Sistine Chapel

text: fresco

text: Sandro Botticelli

text: Pietro Perugino

text: Domenico Ghirlandaio

text: Fra Bartolomeo

text: Piero di Cosimo

text: Sant'Ambrogio, Florence

text: cloister

text: Santissima Annunziata, Florence

text: Florence

text: Neri di Bicci

text: Bernardo di Stefano Rosselli

text: Giorgio Vasari

text: Sant'Ambrogio

text: fresco

text: Pico of Mirandola

text: Lucca

text: altarpiece

text: Fiesole

text: National Gallery of London

text: St. Jerome

text: crucifix

text: St. Damasus

text: St. Eusebius

text: St. Paula

text: St. Eustochium

text: Pope Sixtus IV

text: Sistine Chapel

text: Sandro Botticelli

text: Pietro Perugino

text: Domenico Ghirlandaio

text: Piero di Cosimo

text: Descent from Mount Sinai

text: Last Supper

text: Sermon of the Mount

text: Passage of the Red Sea

text: Biagio d'Antonio

text: Giorgio Vasari

text: Gemäldegalerie, Berlin

text: Pope Sixtus IV

text: Rome

text: Sistine Chapel

text: Fra Bartolomeo

text: Angelo di Donino

text: Giovanni Battista Vanni

categories: 1507 deaths,Italian male painters,1439 births,Italian Renaissance painters,Sistine Chapel wall frescoes,15th-century Italian painters,Quattrocento painters,15th-century people of the Republic of Florence,Florentine painters

paragraph: Cosimo Rosselli

paragraph: Cosimo Rosselli (1439–1507) was an Italian painter of the Quattrocento, active mainly in his birthplace of Florence, but also Lucca earlier in his career, and from 1480 in the Sistine Chapel in Rome, where he painted some of the large fresco panels on the side walls. Despite being roughly the same age (slightly older in each case) as Sandro Botticelli, Pietro Perugino and Domenico Ghirlandaio, the other leading Florentine painters, all regarded as greater talents, Rosselli was still able to win several large commissions, which is a testament to the high level of activity in the city.

paragraph: He painted almost entirely religious subjects, with a few portraits. He did other large frescos with his workship, from which Fra Bartolomeo and Piero di Cosimo, who married Roselli's daughter, were his most famous pupils. These include a chapel in Sant'Ambrogio, Florence and one of the large spaces in the cloister of Santissima Annunziata, Florence.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Cosimo was born in Florence. In 1460, at the age of fourteen, he became a pupil of Neri di Bicci, working as an assistant to his cousin Bernardo di Stefano Rosselli. A first youthful work of Cosimo mentioned by Giorgio Vasari is the "Assumption of the Virgin" altarpiece in the third chapel on the left of the nave in Sant'Ambrogio in Florence. In the same church, on the wall of one of the chapels, is a fresco by Cosimo which Vasari praises highly, especially for a portrait of the young scholar Pico of Mirandola. The scene, a procession bearing a miracle-working chalice, is painted with vigor and less mannerism than most of this artist's work. A picture painted by Rosselli for the church of the Annunziata, with figures of SS. Barbara, Matthew and the Baptist, is in the Academy of Florence.

paragraph: Rosselli also spent some time in Lucca, where he painted several altarpieces for various churches. A picture attributed to him, taken from the church of St. Girolamo at Fiesole, is now in the National Gallery of London. It is a large retable, with, in the center, St. Jerome in the wilderness kneeling before a crucifix, and at the sides standing figures of St. Damasus and St. Eusebius, St. Paula and St. Eustochium; below is a predella with small subjects. Though dry and hard in treatment, the figures are designed with much dignity.

paragraph: In 1480, Rosselli was one of the painters called by Pope Sixtus IV to work at the wall decoration of the Sistine Chapel, together with other masters including; Sandro Botticelli, Pietro Perugino and Domenico Ghirlandaio. Rosselli and his collaborators (among them his son-in-law Piero di Cosimo) executed two or three frescoes: the "Descent from Mount Sinai", the "Last Supper" and, perhaps, the "Sermon of the Mount". The "Passage of the Red Sea" is variously attributed to him, to Ghirlandaio or to Biagio d'Antonio. Giorgio Vasari wrote in his "Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects" that, differently from the other painters who followed a common pattern in the size and style of the frescoes, Rosselli used brighter colors, including gold, a trick which granted him the appreciation of the Pope (who, hints Vasari, appeared not to be a deep expert of art).

paragraph: The Gemäldegalerie, Berlin has three pictures by Rosselli: "The Virgin in Glory, The Entombment of Christ" and "The Massacre of the Innocents". In 1480 Rosselli, together with the chief painters of Florence, was invited by Pope Sixtus IV to Rome to assist in the painting of the frescoes in the Sistine Chapel. Three of these were executed by him "The Destruction of Pharaohs Army in the Red Sea", "Christ Preaching by the Lake of Tiberias" and "The Last Supper". His chief pupil was Fra Bartolomeo. Among Roselli's other pupils were Angelo di Donino and Giovanni Battista Vanni.

paragraph: According to Vasari, Rosselli died in 1484, but this is a mistake, as he was known to have been living on 25 November 1506.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sources

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (see index; plate 78)

alias:
Cosimo Roselli
cosimo roselli
Rosselli

description: Italian painter

wikidata_label: Cosimo Rosselli

wikipedia_title: Cosimo Rosselli


text: Worcester

text: Cornish

text: tenor

text: singer

text: St Keverne

text: Cornwall

text: Blundell's School

text: choir

text: Exeter Cathedral

text: William Jackson

text: tenor

text: Admiral Hervey

text: Saint Lucia

text: Admiral Pigot

text: Battle of the Saintes

text: George Colman

text: John Palmer

text: Theatre Royal, Bath

text: Venanzio Rauzzini

text: Samson

text: Vauxhall Gardens

text: James Hook

text: Charles Dibdin

text: Josef Haydn

text: Thomas Harris

text: Covent Garden

text: Thomas Linley

text: William Shield

text: Charles Bannister

text: The Beggar's Opera

text: Madame Mara

text: The Creation

text: L'allegro ed il pensieroso

text: Thomas Arne

text: Mrs. Billington

text: William Boyce

text: John Braham

text: Nancy Storace

text: Margate

text: Charles Bannister

text: Isaac Bickerstaffe

text: The Recruiting Serjeant

text: opera

text: oratorio

text: ballad

text: The Lass of Richmond Hill

text: Edward Fitzball

text: Macheath

text: Charles Dignum

text: 'Jack' Johnstone

text: Charles Ashley

text: George Baker

text: Charles Dignum

text: G.A. Stevens

text: Mrs Siddons

text: John Kemble

text: John Braham

text: Venanzio Rauzzini

text: Samuel Harrison

text: Michael Kelly

text: Charles Mathews

text: Robin Hood

text: Rosemond Mountain

text: Martin Archer Shee

text: George Dance the Younger

text: Thomas Woolnoth

text: Thomas Charles Wageman

text: Thomas Clater

categories: People educated at Blundell's School,English tenors,English male singers,1826 deaths,1763 births,Cornish music,English opera singers

paragraph: Charles Incledon

paragraph: Charles Benjamin Incledon (pronounced 'Ingledon') (1763–11 February 1826, Worcester) was a Cornish tenor singer, who became one of the foremost English singers of his time, especially in the singing of English theatre music and ballads in which he was considered without rival.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: Charles Benjamin Incledon, the son of a doctor in St Keverne, Cornwall, was educated at Blundell's School and as a choirboy and soloist at Exeter Cathedral, under the tuition of organist and composer William Jackson. Before his voice broke, he was accustomed to sing in the Cathedral close to impromptu audiences, and once spent three days singing aboard a naval ship at Torquay. When of age he joined the Navy, and after two years' active service his fine tenor voice was 'discovered' by Admiral Hervey during a voyage to Saint Lucia, and, being generally admired in the Fleet, won the favour of Admiral Pigot. He took part in the Battle of the Saintes against the French Fleet in 1782.

paragraph: Upon discharge in 1783 he was sent with a recommendation to George Colman at the Haymarket, but was turned away. For a while he struggled in companies at Southampton and Salisbury, before gaining a place for a few seasons under John Palmer at the Theatre Royal, Bath: he soon came to the attention of the Venanzio Rauzzini, who gave him instruction, and, much admiring his Handelian singing (notably in 'Total Eclipse' from "Samson"), publicly called him his scholar. He first sang at Vauxhall Gardens in London, his songs of James Hook being found "appropriate and pleasing", in summer 1786: In 1787 Charles Dibdin mentions him as an established singer there. On 12 January 1791 he sang before Josef Haydn at a meeting of the Anacreontic Club.

paragraph: Section::::Covent Garden.

paragraph: Thomas Harris heard Incledon at Bath, and engaged him, at first for three years, for Covent Garden. In accepting this offer the tenor narrowly missed a better one - for higher fees and a longer term - made soon afterwards by Thomas Linley. Incledon kept his agreement however, although his experiences with Covent Garden were not always of the happiest. He made a successful debut there in 1790 as Dermont in "The Poor Soldier" by William Shield, who became a lifelong friend and associate. In February 1791 he appeared in Shield's opera "The Woodman", being universally encored in his ballad 'The streamlet', and with Charles Bannister in the same cast singing 'Much more a helpless woman'.

paragraph: In 1793 he made a short Easter tour with Bowden, Mrs Martyr and the oboeist William Parke, to Portsmouth, where they were very well received. February 1794 introduced him in Shield's "The travellers in Switzerland" in a cast with Miss Poole, Mrs Martyr and Mr Fawcet; and in April in a new work, "Netly Abbey" (a compilation from various composers) Incledon sang Shield's old song 'The Arethusa', which he had already made his own.

paragraph: Incledon's performances, and Shield's new operas, 'made him so popular that for several years he travelled in the summer, and at every considerable town in England gave an entertainment consisting of recitation and songs (on Dibdin's plan), with great applause and profit.' At Covent Garden a notable production was the revival of "The Beggar's Opera" in October 1797, with Madame Mara (engaged for twelve nights at huge cost) as Polly and Mrs Martyr as Lucy. Incledon was thought unrivalled as MacHeath. In 1800 the two-act "Paul and Virginia" (music by Mazzinghi and Reeve) gave Incledon two pieces, one a spirited air with oboe obbligato, and the other, 'Our Country is our Ship' by Townshend won him a general encore. In 1800 also he earned the distinction of singing in the London premiere of Haydn's "The Creation" on 28 March in the composer's presence. The Oratorios at Covent Garden in 1801 commenced with Mozart's "Requiem" and Handel's "L'allegro ed il pensieroso". Incledon's laugh, in his singing of 'Haste thee, Nymph' was so infectious that the audience joined in with him.

paragraph: In February the following year, Thomas Arne's opera "Love in a Village" was revived for Mrs. Billington, into which she introduced William Boyce's duet 'Together let us range the fields' for herself and Incledon, which was loudly encored. In the same month was presented a new comic opera written by Dibdin, "The Cabinet" (the music by various composers), in which Incledon appeared together with John Braham and Nancy Storace, and in delivering the hunting song 'his fine volume of voice filled the whole theatre'. Incledon's MacHeath was reprised at Margate in August 1803. Another new Dibdin opera, "The British Fleet in 1342" (music entirely by Braham) appeared in December, and on that evening the highlight was a duet by Braham and Incledon, 'All's Well', which was encored.

paragraph: At Covent Garden, Incledon successfully took on as a tenor several important roles created by his friend the celebrated bass Charles Bannister, about a generation after the original productions. Thus he appeared as Tom Tug in Dibdin's "The Waterman" (first presented at the Haymarket in 1774) and in 1809 took the role of Mr. Steady in Dibdin's "The Quaker" (first presented at Drury Lane in 1777). In 1810, similarly, he appeared as the Serjeant in Isaac Bickerstaffe's musical entertainment of "The Recruiting Serjeant" (formerly produced at the Royalty Theatre in 1789, first 1770), and in 1814 as Mr. Belville (another Bannister role) in Mrs Brook's opera "Rosina" (presented first at Covent Garden in 1783). Since the airs or ballads in these musical dramas stood alone with spoken dialogue, the transposition from bass to tenor did not create excessive difficulty.

paragraph: After singing in that theatre for many years, and after several disagreements with Harris, he finally withdrew, and 'soon after took a parting benefit at the Italian Opera House, at play-house prices, assisted by many of his brethren of both theatres, to a house filled to an excess that proved how highly his talents were appreciated.'

paragraph: Section::::The singer among his contemporaries.

paragraph: Incledon sang both in opera and in oratorio, but his chief popularity lay in his delivery of ballads ('not the modern sentimental composition, but of the robust old school'), such as "The Lass of Richmond Hill", "Sally in our Alley", "Black-eyed Susan", "The Arethusa", and anything of a bold and manly type. He enjoyed an undiminished popularity of twenty-five or thirty years's duration. He was a very forthright man, given to speaking his mind openly to all and sundry (sometimes with humorous results), which also showed itself in the freedom and natural expression of his singing, and he had ample vocal resources to sustain the flights of interpretative impulse which enlivened his performances. A somewhat vain man, who affected gold jewellery and snuff-box, he regarded himself (not entirely without cause) as "the" 'English Ballad Singer.' Edward Fitzball, who as a lad saw him play Macheath, remembered him being very fat, with an immense white cravat in which his chin seemed buried, his costume a blue dress coat with gilt buttons, a white waistcoat, leather 'smalls' and top boots.

paragraph: His friendship and professional involvement with William Shield, from his first days at Covent Garden, set the character of his career. He and Shield, Charles Bannister, Charles Dignum, 'Jack' Johnstone, Charles Ashley and William Parke in 1793 formed themselves into 'The Glee Club', a set which met on Sunday evenings during the season at the Garrick's Head Coffee House in Bow Street, once a fortnight, for singing among themselves and dining together. Many of Shield's songs were either written for him or were sung by him, with the composer's high approval. Shield said of him that, not only did Incledon's interpretation of the songs he had written for him never disappoint his expectation, but that he often brought a grace, beauty and charm to them which the composer had not imagined to be present in his own work, and that a large share of the popularity of those songs might be credited to Incledon's unrivalled excellence in singing them. Many songs were written for him also by George Baker (1773–1847), the composer and organist of Stafford and Derby, who had been a fellow-pupil of Incledon's under Jackson at Exeter.

paragraph: Of these friends, Charles Dignum was the singer whose range and repertoire most nearly resembled his own. Like him, Dignum took Dibdin roles such as "The Waterman." It was said of Incledon that he gave to everything his own reading, and though he had rivals, his own distinctive style and character never had any true successors. He was master of a certain declamatory recitation style exemplified by "The Storm" by G.A. Stevens, a stentorian ballad of near-shipwreck requiring much range of volume and vocal colour, his performance of which assisted his success at Portsmouth in 1793, caused Mrs Siddons to sob like a child, and astonished John Kemble at that great actor's retirement dinner. His background in the naval sea-song genre, and experience of seafaring, no doubt coloured his delivery and gave it authenticity, just as he never lost his Cornish accent.

paragraph: Incledon's greatest rival, or peer (for it was 'a rivalry in name rather than reality'), was John Braham. Braham, in addition to his own experience as a cantor, owed a great deal to the refined Italian vocal methods taught by his master, the male soprano Venanzio Rauzzini. Incledon, who had also received instruction from Rauzzini, was decidedly English in his musical outlook and had little time for foreign music, or for people who enthused about songs the words of which they did not understand. The continuing contest between Italian and English styles of composition and singing found an epitome in the materials and style of Incledon and Braham, which, in an age of nationalistic feeling, prompted unworthy anti-semitic commentaries in some quarters against Braham. Incledon himself, however, was good-hearted but of irritable humour, and was easily teased into a fury about the "Italianized humbug" of Braham's style of singing.

paragraph: The faultless sweetness and perfection of Samuel Harrison (who sang mostly in oratorio and ballad concerts) lacked the warmth, spontaneity and declamatory power of Incledon, who sang principally on the stage. Michael Kelly, despite his 'Hibernian elasticity', and his association with very distinguished European musicians, owed his later popular favour as much to his useful endeavours in theatrical management, but as a singer in the English mould was less substantial.

paragraph: Section::::Descriptions of the voice.

paragraph: Incledon 'had a voice of uncommon power and sweetness, both in the natural and falsetto. The former was from A to G, a compass of about fourteen notes; the latter he could use from D to E or even F, or about ten notes. His natural voice was full and open, and of such ductility, that when he sang "pianissimo" it retained its original quality. His falsetto was rich, sweet, and brilliant, and totally unlike the other. He could use it with facility, and execute in it ornaments of a certain class with volubility and sweetness. His shake was good, and his intonation much more correct than is common to singers so imperfectly educated... When Rauzzini first heard him at Bath, rolling his voice upwards like a surge of the sea, till, touching the top note it expired in sweetness, he exclaimed in rapture...'

paragraph: In 1829 it was recalled: 'The splendour and sweetness of his voice yet rings in our ears. It combined every excellence of which the vocal organ is capable. Powerful, brilliant, sweet, liquid, rich - it flowed out and onward like a torrent; while its correct intonation, and singularly melodious quality, made its most subdued tones effective. Incledon was nature's songster.'

paragraph: Section::::Later career.

paragraph: In 1811, having come to a severance with Covent Garden, Incledon planned to go to America. The comedian Charles Mathews had defended him against the falsehoods put up against Incledon by the theatre managers, and now agreed to embark with him on a provincial tour to Rochester, Canterbury, Margate, Sandwich, Brighton, Chichester, Portsmouth, Cheltenham, Bath, Derby, Hull, York, Wakefield, Doncaster and Sheffield and indeed to Ireland, with an entertainment called 'Mail-coach Adventures'. The Mathews Memoir includes several entertaining anecdotes of the singer, showing that in many respects he remained childlike all his life, simultaneously generous and parsimonious, and given to hard swearing on all occasions, a person whose escapades and eccentricities were very amusing in retrospect once the embarrassment which they at first caused had passed. By January 1812 Mathews and Incledon had agreed to discontinue their association finally and absolutely, but Incledon regretted it and sought a reconciliation. 'Mr Incledon, although universally allowed to possess great goodness of heart, was nevertheless a very unfit ally to a man of professional habits, for of such habits Mr Incledon had no idea.' In a letter to an intermediary, Mathews concluded 'as to meeting Incledon again, "never shall sun that morrow see".'

paragraph: In 1817, by which time his powers were somewhat diminished, he toured in North America; he is said to have made £5000 by the expedition. He appeared at the Park Theatre, New York, in October 1817 as Hawthorn in "Love in a Village" (which was not very well received) and left that city a year later. In 1819 he appeared as Robin Hood in the burletta "Robin Hood and Little John" at the Surrey Theatre with Rosemond Mountain as Maid Marian.

paragraph: On retiring from the operatic stage, at the English Opera House in April 1822, he travelled through the provinces with an entertainment called "The Wandering Melodist". He retired to live at Prospect Place, in Brighton, where he founded and occupied himself with the Brighton Glee Club. He suffered a serious illness in 1823: his offer to assist at the opening of the Chain Pier by singing 'Rule Britannia' and the National Anthem was declined. He recovered sufficiently to sing again, but at a recital on 15 October 1824, at Southampton, he announced that this should be his last appearance on any stage. He was in Worcester when a second attack of paralysis proved fatal.

paragraph: Section::::Portraits.

paragraph: There are several likenesses of Incledon:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oil Portrait of Charles Incledon by Martin Archer Shee.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Charles Incledon, pencil and red chalk drawing by George Dance the Younger, 1798.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Engraving of Charles Incledon as Mr Steady in Dibdin's "The Quaker", by Thomas Woolnoth after Thomas Charles Wageman, published 1820.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lithograph of Charles Incledon as he appeared singing "The Storm", by William Kenneth after Joseph Ayton (published 1826).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mr Incledon in the character of a sailor singing "The Storm", engraving by Piercy Roberts after John Emery, c. 1800–1810.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Five additional engravings of Incledon in Cornell University Library Collection.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mr Incledon as Macheath, engraving by J. Thompson after Singleton, 1816.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mr Incledon, engraved by K Mackenzie from a drawing by Dighton.

paragraph: BULLET::::- A portrait of Incledon as Macheath, by Thomas Clater, is mentioned in the Braham Collection in 1871.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Incledon appears as the singer in 10 Broadside Ballads in the Bodleian Library Collection.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Charles Benjamin Incledon, advertiser from the 18th century

description: English tenor singer

wikidata_label: Charles Incledon

wikipedia_title: Charles Incledon


text: Charles Corey (disambiguation)

text: American

text: ornithologist

text: golf

text: Boston

text: Caribbean

text: Gulf of Mexico

text: Nuttall Ornithological Club

text: William Brewster

text: Henry Henshaw

text: Ruthven Deane

text: Charles Johnson Maynard

text: Joel Asaph Allen

text: Harvard

text: Boston University School of Law

text: Magdalen Islands

text: Bahamas

text: American Ornithologists' Union

text: New York City

text: Dakota Territory

text: Martin A. Ryerson

text: Cuba

text: Mexico

text: Canada

text: Boston Society of Natural History

text: The Field Museum

text: Chicago

text: Edward E. Ayer

text: Haiti

text: San Domingo

text: West Indies

text: Illinois

text: Wisconsin

text: Carl Edward Hellmayr

text: Cory's shearwater

text: Giovanni Antonio Scopoli

text: shearwater

text: 1904 Summer Olympics

text: individual event

text: "The birds of Illinois and Wisconsin"

text: "The mammals of Illinois and Wisconsin"

categories: American ornithologists,Harvard University alumni,Boston University School of Law alumni,1857 births,American male golfers,Golfers at the 1904 Summer Olympics,Olympic golfers of the United States,Golfers from Massachusetts

paragraph: Charles B. Cory

paragraph: "Charles Cory redirects here. For those of a similar name, see Charles Corey (disambiguation)"

paragraph: Charles Barney Cory (January 31, 1857 – July 31, 1921) was an American ornithologist and golfer.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Cory was born in Boston. His father had made a fortune from a large import business, ensuring that his son never had to work. At the age of sixteen Cory developed an interest in ornithology and began a skin collection. Due to his ability to travel anywhere he wished, this soon became the best collection of birds of the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico in existence.

paragraph: In February 1876, the nineteen year old Cory was elected a member of Nuttall Ornithological Club, America's first ornithological organization. It was here that he met the leading ornithologists of Massachusetts at the time, such as William Brewster, Henry Henshaw, Ruthven Deane, Charles Johnson Maynard, with Joel Asaph Allen soon to join as well.

paragraph: Starting in 1876, he briefly attended Harvard and the Boston University School of Law but soon left to continue his travelling. In 1877, he went collecting in Florida, followed by a trip to the Magdalen Islands in 1878, and another to the Bahamas the next year. In 1880, he collected in Europe, and then he returned to the West Indies in 1881.

paragraph: In 1883, he was one of the forty-eight ornithologists invited to become founders of the American Ornithologists' Union and one of those who attended the founding convention in New York City. The next year he visited the Dakota Territory and Montana with his friend, Martin A. Ryerson, to collect specimen. The rest of the 1880s saw him in Cuba, Mexico, and Canada.

paragraph: In 1887, Cory was made the curator of birds at the Boston Society of Natural History. When Cory's collection of 19,000 bird specimens became too large to keep in his house he donated them to The Field Museum in Chicago, and he was given the position of Curator of Ornithology. Cory's collection of 600 ornithological volumes were purchased by Edward E. Ayer in 1894, and in turn donated to the museum. Cory lost his entire fortune in 1906, and took a salaried position at the museum as Curator of Zoology, remaining there for the rest of his life. Cory made routine collecting trips in Florida and the West Indies. He sometimes financed trips for other naturalists.

paragraph: Cory was a director in many corporations.

paragraph: Cory wrote many books, including "The Birds of Haiti and San Domingo" (1885), "The Birds of the West Indies" (1889) and "The Birds of Illinois and Wisconsin" (1909). His last major work was the four-part "Catalogue of the Birds of the Americas", which was completed after his death by Carl Edward Hellmayr.

paragraph: Cory was the first person to describe Cory's shearwater as a species. It had previously been described by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli in 1769, but he had believed it to be a race of another shearwater.

paragraph: Cory participated in the 1904 Summer Olympics as a golfer. He competed in the individual event but did not finish.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Birds of the Bahama islands; containing many birds new to the islands, and a number of undescribed winter plumages of North American species" (Boston, 1880).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Catalogue of West Indian birds, containing a list of all species known to occur in the Bahama Islands, the Greater Antilles, the Caymans, and the Lesser Antilles, excepting the islands of Tobago and Trinidad" (Boston, 1892).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The birds of eastern North America known to occur east of the nineteenth meridian" (Field Columbian Museum, 1899).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The birds of Illinois and Wisconsin" (Chicago, 1909).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Descriptions of new birds from South America and adjacent islands" (Chicago, 1915).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "How to know the ducks, geese and swans of North America, all the species being grouped according to size and color" (Little, Brown & Co., Boston, 1897).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "How to know the shore birds (Limicolæ) of North America (south of Greenland and Alaska) all the species being grouped according to size and color" (Little, Brown & Co., Boston, 1897).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hunting and fishing in Florida, including a key to the water birds known to occur in the state" (Estes & Lauriat, Boston, 1896, Nachdruck 1970).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The mammals of Illinois and Wisconsin" (Chicago, 1912).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Montezuma’s castle, and other weird tales" (1899).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Notes on little known species of South American birds with descriptions of new subspecies" (Chicago, 1917).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Southern rambles" (A. Williams & company, Boston, 1881).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Descriptions of new birds from South America and adjacent Islands..." (1915).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Descriptions of twenty-eight new species and subspecies of neotropical birds..."

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Notes on South American birds, with descriptions of new subspecies..." (1915).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Beautiful and curious birds of the world" (1880).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The birds of the Leeward Islands, Caribbean Sea" (Chicago, 1909).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The birds of the West Indies" (Estes & Lauriat, Boston, 1889).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Descriptions of apparently new South American birds" (Chicago, 1916).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Descriptions of twenty-eight new species and sub-species of neotropical birds" (Chicago, 1913).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hypnotism and mesmerism" (A. Mudge & Son, Boston, 1888).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A list of the birds of the West Indies" (Estes & Lauriat, Boston, 1885).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A naturalist in the Magdalen Islands; giving a description of the islands and list of the birds taken there, with other ornithological notes" (1878).

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Barbara and Richard Mearns - "Biographies for Birdwatchers" (1988)

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Charles B. Cory," in Tom Taylor and Michael Taylor, "Aves: A Survey of the Literature of Neotropical Ornithology", Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Libraries, 2011.

description: Ornithologist, amateur golfer

wikidata_label: Charles B. Cory

wikipedia_title: Charles B. Cory


text: bureaucrat

text: President of Pakistan

text: Bannu

text: Peshawar University

text: Indian Civil Service

text: Pakistan

text: independence

text: Water and Power Development Authority

text: Ayub Khan

text: Finance Secretary

text: Governor

text: State Bank

text: Zulfikar Ali Bhutto

text: Defence Secretary

text: Pakistan's atomic bomb programme

text: Zia-ul-Haq

text: Finance Minister

text: GDP growth

text: Chairman of the Senate

text: Zia's death in an air crash

text: Islami Jamhoori Ittehad

text: Pakistan People's Party

text: Communist Afghanistan

text: relations with

text: United States

text: Pressler amendment

text: Karachi

text: Prime Minister

text: Benazir Bhutto

text: conservative opposition

text: Nawaz Sharif

text: Eight Amendment

text: elected Prime Minister in 1990

text: Supreme Court

text: rector

text: pneumonia

text: austerity

text: autocratic presidency

text: Ismail Khel

text: Bannu District

text: North-West Frontier Province

text: British Indian Empire

text: Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa Province

text: Pakistan

text: Bangash

text: Pashtun

text: Anwar Saifullah Khan

text: Haroon Bilour

text: Omar Ayub Khan

text: military dictator

text: Ayub Khan

text: Gohar Ayub Khan

text: Bannu

text: Islamia College

text: transfer

text: Peshawar University

text: double

text: BSc

text: Chemistry

text: Botany

text: Indian Civil Service

text: British India

text: independence

text: Pakistan

text: provincial government

text: North-West Frontier Province

text: provincial government

text: Sindh

text: Home Secretary

text: Ministry of Agriculture

text: Board of Governors

text: Water and Power Development Authority

text: Mangla Dam

text: Warsak Dam

text: Finance Secretary

text: Finance Ministry

text: Zulfikar Ali Bhutto

text: Indo-Pakistani War of 1971

text: national economy

text: Governor

text: State Bank of Pakistan

text: Prime Minister

text: Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto

text: Prime Minister

text: Bhutto

text: State Bank

text: Ministry of Defence

text: Defence Secretary

text: Zia-ul-Haq

text: General Zia-ul-Haq

text: chief of army staff

text: atomic bomb project

text: theorist

text: Abdul Qadeer Khan

text: Engineering Research Laboratories

text: Kahuta

text: AGN Kazi

text: Munir Ahmad

text: Agha Shahi

text: ERL

text: Lt. Gen.

text: Zahid Ali Akbar

text: survey

text: Akbar

text: ERL

text: Akbar

text: Engineer-in-Chief

text: Abdul Qadeer Khan

text: Munir Ahmad Khan

text: U.S.

text: new media

text: Atom Bomb

text: Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission

text: staged coup d'état

text: chief of army staff

text: Zia-ul-Haq

text: Bhutto

text: JS HQ

text: Finance Minister

text: Zia-ul-Haq

text: Chief Martial Law Administrator

text: technocrat

text: Planning Commission

text: Economic Coordination Committee

text: national economy

text: Private sector

text: President

text: martial law

text: country

text: economic Islamization

text: risk-free

text: interest rate

text: corporatization

text: industrial sector

text: state–owned enterprises

text: nationalization

text: GDP

text: GNP

text: South Asia

text: nuclear society

text: nuclear deterrence

text: tax free

text: Cold fission test

text: Kirana-I

text: Zahid Ali

text: KM Arif

text: AVM

text: MJ O'Brian

text: Munir Ahmad

text: referendum

text: Islamization

text: President

text: Zia

text: non-partisan

text: general elections

text: Mahbub ul Haq

text: indirect

text: senate elections

text: independent

text: Chairman

text: Senate

text: aviation accident

text: Bahawalpur

text: Constitution

text: Pakistan

text: line

text: President

text: Pakistan

text: Mirza Aslam Beg

text: general elections

text: leftist

text: Pakistan Peoples Party

text: presidential elections

text: PPP

text: IDA

text: Nawaz Sharif

text: Prime Minister

text: Benazir Bhutto

text: Eighth Amendment

text: Constitution of Pakistan

text: Prime Minister

text: Justices

text: Supreme Court

text: Pakistan

text: Munir Ahmad

text: Abdul Qadeer Khan

text: US Embargo

text: US $

text: law and order

text: Soviet troops

text: withdrawal

text: Afghanistan

text: United States

text: court system

text: Benazir government

text: Admiral

text: Yastur-ul-Haq Malik

text: Chief of Naval staff

text: Admiral

text: Iftikhar Ahmed Sirohey

text: Chairman joint chiefs

text: Mirza Aslam Beg

text: chief of army staff

text: Admiral Sirohey

text: Chairman joint chiefs

text: General Beg

text: Mirza Aslam Beg

text: Nawaz Sharif

text: Lieutenant-General

text: Hamid Gul

text: DG

text: ISI

text: Chief of Army Staff

text: Pakistan Army

text: Asif Nawaz

text: Air Chief Marshal

text: Farooq Feroze

text: Chief of Air Staff

text: Pakistan Air Force

text: law and order

text: Eighth Amendment

text: Constitution of Pakistan

text: Prime Minister

text: Benazir Bhutto

text: corruption

text: law and order

text: general elections

text: Nawaz Sharif

text: IDA

text: Eighth Amendment

text: Supreme Court

text: Pakistan

text: judiciary

text: military

text: BCCI

text: A Q Khan

text: Asghar Qadir

text: mathematician

text: PPP

text: Farooq Leghari

text: general elections

text: national politics

text: news media

text: pneumonia

text: Central Superior Services

text: Finance Minister of Pakistan

text: Ghulam Ishaq Khan Profile

text: In depth history of Khan's presidency

text: BBC News report of his death

categories: Presidents of Pakistan,Indian Civil Service (British India) officers,Chairmen of the Senate of Pakistan,Governors of the State Bank of Pakistan,Finance Ministers of Pakistan,Acting Presidents of Pakistan,Indian people of World War II,Pashtun people,Finance Secretaries of Pakistan,Pakistani civil servants,Pakistani Sunni Muslims,Military government of Pakistan (1977–88),Defence Secretaries of Pakistan,University of Peshawar alumni,1915 births,2006 deaths,Project-706 people,Pakistani botanists,People of the Soviet–Afghan War,People from Bannu District

paragraph: Ghulam Ishaq Khan

paragraph: Ghulam Ishaq Khan (; January 20, 1915 – 27 October 2006), was a Pakistani bureaucrat who served as the 7th President of Pakistan, elected in 1988 until his resignation in 1993.

paragraph: Raised in Bannu, Ghulam Ishaq graduated from Peshawar University and entered the Indian Civil Service, opting for Pakistan after the independence in 1947. Appointed the first chairman of the Water and Power Development Authority by President Ayub Khan in 1961, Ghulam Ishaq also served as Finance Secretary from 1966 to 1970. A year later, he was appointed Governor of the State Bank by President Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, before being made Defence Secretary in 1975, assisting with Pakistan's atomic bomb programme. He was retained by President Zia-ul-Haq as Finance Minister in 1977, overseeing the country's highest GDP growth average. Elected Chairman of the Senate in 1985, Ghulam Ishaq was elevated to the presidency after Zia's death in an air crash on August 17, 1988. He was elected president on December 13, as the consensus candidate of the Islami Jamhoori Ittehad and Pakistan People's Party.

paragraph: The oldest person to serve as president, Ghulam Ishaq played a hawkish role against Communist Afghanistan, while relations with the United States deteriorated following the Pressler amendment. Domestically, Ghulam Ishaq's term faced challenges: ethnic riots flared in Karachi, and Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto accused him of frustrating her government as part of an alliance with conservative opposition leader Nawaz Sharif and the post-Zia military establishment. Ghulam Ishaq invoked the Eight Amendment and dismissed Benazir's government after just 20 months, on charges of rampant corruption and misgovernance. Sharif was elected Prime Minister in 1990, but Ghulam Ishaq dismissed his government on similar charges three years later. The Supreme Court overturned the dismissal, but the gridlock ultimately led to both men resigning in 1993.

paragraph: Retiring from public service, Ghulam Ishaq served as rector of the GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology in his native province, dying from pneumonia in 2006. He is viewed contentiously by Pakistani historians; he is credited for personal austerity, but criticized for wielding an autocratic presidency that ousted two governments.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Ghulam Ishaq Khan was born in Ismail Khel, a rural locality on the outskirts of Bannu District, both villages in the North-West Frontier Province of the British Indian Empire, now Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan. He was an ethnic Bangash Pashtun. His family remains active in politics; his son-in-law is former federal minister Anwar Saifullah Khan while another son-in-law is former Sindh minister and advisor, Irfanullah Khan Marwat. A granddaughter of his was married to Haroon Bilour of the ANP and another to Omar Ayub Khan, the grandson of former military dictator Ayub Khan and son of politician Gohar Ayub Khan.

paragraph: After his schooling in Bannu, Khan first attended the Islamia College before making transfer to Peshawar University. He obtained double BSc, in Chemistry and in Botany.

paragraph: Initially looking for a university job, Khan joined the Indian Civil Service in 1941, serving in various provincial assignments on behalf of British India. After independence in 1947, Khan opted for Pakistan and was assigned to the bureaucracy of the provincial government of North-West Frontier Province in 1947. He took over the provincial secretariat as the secretary of the irrigation department, which he held until 1955.

paragraph: Section::::Initial public service.

paragraph: In 1956, Khan was appointed in the provincial government of Sindh as the Home Secretary, but was later appointed Secretary of Department of Development and Irrigation by the Sindh government. In 1958, he was elevated to federal government level, and assigned to the secretariat control of the Ministry of Agriculture (MoA), an appointment approved by the President Ayub Khan. Since 1958, Khan had been serving on the Board of Governors of the Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA), before being elevated to Chairman in 1961. As Chairman, he played a vital role in the construction and financial development of Mangla Dam and Warsak Dam.

paragraph: In 1966, Khan left the chairmanship to be appointed Finance Secretary of the Finance Ministry until 1970, which he relinquished to incoming Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. After Pakistan's loss to India in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, Khan was called to administer all retail and commercial services pertaining to the national economy tattered by war. In 1971, Bhutto appointed him Governor of State Bank of Pakistan when he was tasked to formulate and administer monetary and credit policy in accordance with Government policy with influence of socialism. In the latter position, he questioned the wisdom of many of the economic policies of then-Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto who was keen to intensify his nationalization and socialist influence in the financial institutions that marked the slow down of the economy.

paragraph: Section::::Defence Secretary (1975–77).

paragraph: In 1975, Prime Minister Bhutto subsequently removed him from the State Bank, instead posting him at the Ministry of Defence. Khan was appointed Defence Secretary, which was fortuitous in that it brought him into close contact with the Pakistani military establishment. Though an unusual assignment for a financial expert, this appointment made him a powerful bureaucrat in the country. During that time, Khan became closer to General Zia-ul-Haq and had later coveted for General Zia-ul-Haq's appointment as the chief of army staff.

paragraph: As Defence Secretary, he helped manage Pakistan's atomic bomb project and had been directly associated with the program. Khan was a vehement support of the program and saw it as a "national priory". He backed the advocacy of theorist Abdul Qadeer Khan and helped establishing the Engineering Research Laboratories in Kahuta. He headed the Uranium Coordination Board (UCB) which consisted of AGN Kazi, Munir Ahmad and Agha Shahi; he later helped consolidate the efforts at ERL under Lt. Gen. Zahid Ali Akbar as its first military director. After approving the survey by General Akbar, he helped secure the funds for the ERL works and lobbying for General Akbar's promotion as the Engineer-in-Chief. Khan cemented close relations with Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan and Munir Ahmad Khan, and remained Qadeer Khan's staunch loyal.

paragraph: His involvement and support earned him the nickname as ""Mr Nuke"" by the U.S. diplomats, while the new media dubbed him as ""Baba Atom Bomb "". On the contrary, Ishaq Khan did not have the directorial role in the atomic bomb program until Munir Ahmad Khan retired. After Munir Ahmad Khan took retirement from Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC), President Ghulam Ishaq Khan eventually consolidated the entire program under the civic-military control, and supervised the classified projects of the program.

paragraph: Section::::Minister of Finance (1977–85).

paragraph: After Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto was ousted in a staged coup d'état in 1977, Khan played a crucial role in the event of stabilizing chief of army staff General Zia-ul-Haq, in Bhutto's capacity. After meeting with the military leadership at the JS HQ, Khan reportedly marked that: "this action was going to harm the country, but since it could not be reversed, they should do their best to salvage whatever they could." He was immediately elevated as Finance Minister by General Zia-ul-Haq, who acted as the Chief Martial Law Administrator (CMLA). A team of economic experts and technocrats were assembled in the management of Khan, giving him the authority over the Planning Commission, Economic Coordination Committee, and Executive Committee of the Space Research Council. Khan worked towards controlling the national economy while harnessing the damaged Private sector. In 1977, Khan endorsed General Haq's bid for becoming the President of Pakistan, who tightened the grip of martial law in the country.

paragraph: In the 1980s, Khan backed the implementation of the economic Islamization by introducing the risk-free interest rate system as well as establishing the corporatization in the industrial sector. Khan managed the revenue collection and provided the modern shape in the state–owned enterprises (SOEs) that were established in a nationalization in the 1970s. His policies and economic expertise ultimately resulted in the improvement in GDP and GNP progress, helping Pakistan's economy become among the fastest-growing in South Asia.

paragraph: He maintained his ties with the nuclear society and gave strong priority for the nuclear deterrence as channeling financial funds for the development of the atomic bomb projects. Khan gave tax free status to the Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI). In 1983, Khan was among the invited secret dignitaries who witnessed the first Cold fission test, Kirana-I; along with attendees General Zahid Ali , General KM Arif , AVM MJ O'Brian ), and Munir Ahmad . In 1984, Khan supported the referendum for Islamization held by President Zia.

paragraph: Section::::Senate Chairman (1985–88).

paragraph: After the non-partisan general elections held in 1985, Khan was succeeded by Mahbub ul Haq– an economist. Khan decided to participate in the upcoming indirect senate elections as an independent. In 1985, he became the Chairman of the Senate and remained intact in that capacity until 1988.

paragraph: After the controversial and mysterious aviation accident occurred in Bahawalpur, Khan appeared on national television and announced the death of General Zia-ul-Haq. According to the Constitution of Pakistan, Khan was the second in the line of succession to the President of Pakistan. However, General Mirza Aslam Beg called out for the general elections in 1988. Until the elections, Khan served as an acting President in accordance with the Constitutional rules of succession.

paragraph: Reaching the mutual understanding with the leftist Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP), Khan participated in presidential elections on a PPP platform. Khan secured 608 votes in the elections, competing against four other candidates; he was also supported by the conservative IDA led by Nawaz Sharif. At the time of assuming the office of president, he became the oldest president of Pakistan.

paragraph: As president, Khan was marred with political struggle with Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto who attempted for pushing the bill to reverse the Eighth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan. Furthermore, Khan was in a conflict with Prime Minister Bhutto in two areas; the appointment of the military chiefs of staff and the Justices of the Supreme Court of Pakistan. Khan consolidated his position in controlling the nuclear deterrence program, keeping all the control over its direction. Problems arose when Prime Minister Bhutto made contact with Munir Ahmad and Abdul Qadeer Khan over the program's direction, which frustrated Khan. Economic growth slowed down and introduction of the US Embargo on Pakistan caused a great economic panic in the country. In the 1990s, Khan and Bhutto failed to arrest the 30% fall in the value of ₨. from 21 to 30 to the US $.

paragraph: Khan struggled to control the law and order in the country after witnessing the Soviet troops' withdrawal from Afghanistan. Although, he maintained an ally of the United States.

paragraph: Section::::President of Pakistan (1988–93).:Judicials and military appointments.

paragraph: Soon after assuming the presidency, President Ghulam Ishaq's conflict arise with Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto's invalid and inappropriate appointments in nation's court system, which were primarily political rather than meeting merit. Many of Benazir government's recommendations for judicial appointments were voided and the judicial appointments made by the President himself became a controversial issue in the nation.

paragraph: The appointments of chiefs of staff in the command of the military was another issue where the President Khan was in conflict with the Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto in 1989. President Khan also confirmed Admiral Yastur-ul-Haq Malik as the Chief of Naval staff and raised no objections.

paragraph: Although, President Ghulam Ishaq Khan confirmed the nomination of Admiral Iftikhar Ahmed Sirohey as Chairman joint chiefs and General Mirza Aslam Beg as chief of army staff in 1988, President Khan notably used his presidential powers to retain Admiral Sirohey as Chairman joint chiefs and defused any attempts made by Prime Minister Bhutto for General Beg as the new chairman joint chiefs to control the military.

paragraph: In 1990, President Ghulam Ishaq Khan reportedly denied the term extension of General Mirza Aslam Beg despite Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif's urging. He also raised objections and further vetoed the appointment of Lieutenant-General Hamid Gul, former DG ISI, as Chief of Army Staff of Pakistan Army. Instead, he favored appointing General Asif Nawaz as Chief of Army Staff. On the advice of Prime Minister Sharif, he confirmed Air Chief Marshal Farooq Feroze as Chief of Air Staff of Pakistan Air Force.

paragraph: Section::::President of Pakistan (1988–93).:Dismissal of Bhutto and Sharif governments.

paragraph: As economic and law and order crises deepened, Khan used the Eighth Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan to dismiss Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto's government over corruption charges and deteriorating law and order situation and called fresh elections. After holding the general elections in 1993, he supported Nawaz Sharif as the Prime Minister and his IDA government.

paragraph: Problems with Sharif arose with the issue of reversing the Eighth Amendment when Sharif tried to pass the bill. Eventually, he used the same Amendment to dismiss Sharif's government on similar charges. However, Sharif retaliated by bringing a lawsuit against him in the Supreme Court of Pakistan. President Khan's attempt to use the Eighth Amendment was deemed illegal by the Court and Sharif was reinstated as the Prime Minister. The political deadlock persisted and after the joint intervention of the judiciary and the military, both Khan and Sharif were forced to resign.

paragraph: Section::::Philanthropy, retirement and death.

paragraph: In 1988, Khan founded the famed Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, offering programmes in engineering, science and technology in the country. The university was established with the financial support from the BCCI. He invited A Q Khan who took the professorship of physics and delegated Asghar Qadir, a PAEC mathematician, to take professorship in mathematics.

paragraph: He again negotiated with the PPP for the presidency but eventually dropped as a candidate in favour of Farooq Leghari in general elections held in 1993. He retired from the national politics and avoided contact with international and domestic news media. He died on 27 October 2006, after a bout of pneumonia.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Central Superior Services

paragraph: BULLET::::- Finance Minister of Pakistan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ghulam Ishaq Khan Profile Story of Pakistan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ghulam Ishaq Khan taking oath as the President of Pakistan

paragraph: BULLET::::- In depth history of Khan's presidency

paragraph: BULLET::::- BBC News report of his death

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ghulam Ishaq Khan passes away" Report on the Dawn Newspaper website

description: 7th President of Pakistan

wikidata_label: Ghulam Ishaq Khan

wikipedia_title: Ghulam Ishaq Khan


text: acharya

text: Gaudiya Vaishnava

text: Hinduism

text: Mahatma

text: saint

text: Bhakti Yoga

text: avadhuta

text: sadhu

text: Vrindavan

text: Tepakhola

text: Faridpur

text: Bangladesh

text: Jagannatha Dasa Babaji

text: mendicant

text: Navadwip

text: chanting

text: Radha

text: Krishna

text: Bhajan

text: diksha

text: Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura

text: Gaudiya Math

text: A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada

text: Chaitanya Mahaprabhu

text: Nityananda

text: Six Goswamis of Vrindavan

categories: People from Faridpur District,Gaudiya religious leaders,1838 births,1915 deaths

paragraph: Gaurakisora Dasa Babaji

paragraph: Gaurakisora Dasa Babaji (1838–1915) is a well-known acharya from the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition of Hinduism, and is regarded as a "Mahatma" or saint by followers of his lineage. During his lifetime Gaurakisora Dasa Babaji became famous for his teachings on the process of Bhakti Yoga and for his unorthodox "avadhuta" like behaviour as a sadhu, or babaji in Vrindavan.

paragraph: He was born on 17 November 1838 in a simple mercantile family in the village of Vagyana, near to Tepakhola in the district of Faridpur, part of modern-day Bangladesh. After the death of his wife when he was thirty years old, he accepted the life of a Babaji in the Gaudiya Vaishnava tradition under the tutelage of Jagannatha Dasa Babaji, after meeting the latter's disciple, Bhagavat Dasa Babaji. He became a mendicant, staying in the holy cities of Vrindavan and Navadwip, deeply absorbed in singing and chanting the sacred names of Radha and Krishna (Bhajan).

paragraph: In 1900, Gaurakisora Dasa Babaji gave initiation (diksha) to Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakura. The former gave the latter the name 'Varsabhanavi devi dayita Dasa'. Gaurakisora Dasa Babaji's legacy would live on his only disciple Bhaktisiddhanta, as he would later go on to preach all over India with his Gaudiya Math. Bhaktisiddhanta in turn gave diksha to A. C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, who preached the philosophy and culture of the Gaudiya Vaishnavism tradition on a worldwide basis through his International Society for Krishna Consciousness.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chaitanya Mahaprabhu

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nityananda

paragraph: BULLET::::- Six Goswamis of Vrindavan

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gaura Kishora das Babaji Maharaj: Biography on salagram.net

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gaurakisora das Babaji: Biography by gosai.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Srila Gaurakisora Dasa Babaji Maharaja: Biography on purebhakti.com

description: Indian religious figure

wikidata_label: Gaurakisora Dasa Babaji

wikipedia_title: Gaurakisora Dasa Babaji


text:
né
Quraysh
ancestor
Islamic Prophet
Muhammad
Kilab ibn Murrah
Ibrahim
Abraham
Isma'il
Ishmael
Zuhrah ibn Kilab
Banu Zuhrah
Fatimah bint Sa'd
Syria
Taym ibn Murrah
ibn
Murrah ibn Ka'b
Lu'ayy ibn Ghalib
Fihr ibn Malik
An-Nadr ibn Kinanah
Ka'bah
Mecca
Holy House
Hulail ibn Hubshiyyah
Banu Khuza'a
Hulail's daughter Hubbah
Sanctuary
Taym ibn Murrah
Arab people
Arabian Peninsula
Abd-al-Dar
Abd Manaf
Abd-al-Uzza
Family tree of Muhammad
List of notable Hijazis
Greater Syria
Banu Hashim — Before the Birth of Islam
Hajj
B
Geo

categories: Family of Muhammad,480 deaths,400 births

paragraph: Qusai ibn Kilab

paragraph: Qusayy ibn Kilāb ibn Murrah (; ca. 400 – 480), also known as Qusai, Kusayy or Cossai, "né" Zayd (), was a leader of Qurayshi tribe and ancestor of the Islamic Prophet Muhammad.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: His father was Kilab ibn Murrah who died when Qusai was an infant. According to Islamic tradition, he was a descendant of Ibrahim (Abraham) through his son Isma'il (Ishmael). His elder brother Zuhrah ibn Kilab was the progenitor of the Banu Zuhrah clan. After his father's death his mother Fatimah bint Sa'd ibn Sayl married Rabi'ah ibn Haram from the Bani Azra tribe, who took her with him to Syria, where she gave birth to a son called Darraj. His uncle was Taym ibn Murrah ibn Murrah ibn Ka'b ibn Lu'ayy ibn Ghalib ibn Fihr ibn Malik ibn An-Nadr ibn Kinanah, who was of the "Quraysh al-Bitah" (i.e. Qurayshis living near the Ka'bah in Mecca.

paragraph: Section::::Life in Syria.

paragraph: Qusai grew up treating his step-father, Rabi'ah, as his father. When a quarrel broke out between Qusai and some members of the tribe of Rabi'ah, they reproached him and betrayed the fact that they never regarded him as one of their own. Qusai complained to his mother who replied "O my son," she said, "your descent is nobler than theirs, you are the son of Kilab ibn Murrah, and your people live in the proximity of the Holy House in Mecca." Because of this, Qusai departed from Syria and returned to Mecca.

paragraph: Section::::Life in Mecca.

paragraph: When Qusai came of age, Hulail ibn Hubshiyyah the chief of Banu Khuza'a tribe was the trustee and guardian of the Ka'bah. Soon Qusai asked for and married Hulail's daughter Hubbah. When his father-in-law died after a battle which ended in arbitration, he committed the keys of the Kaaba to Hubbah. Hulail preferred Qusai as his successor from his own sons and according to Hulail's will, Qusai got the trusteeship of the Kaaba after him.

paragraph: Qusai brought his nearest of kin of Quraysh, and settled them in the Meccan valley besides the Sanctuary – his brother Zuhrah, his uncle Taym ibn Murrah, the son of another uncle Makhzum ibn Yaqaza, and his other cousins Jumah and Sahm, who were less close. These and their posterity were known as "Quraysh al-Biṭāḥ" ("Quraysh of the Hollow"), whereas his more remote kinsmen settled in the ravines of the surrounding hills and in the countryside beyond and were known as "Quraysh aẓ-Ẓawāhir" ("Quraysh of the Outskirts").

paragraph: Qusai ruled as a King. He reconstructed the Kaaba from a state of decay, and made the Arab people build their houses around it. He is known to have built the first "town hall" in the Arabian Peninsula, a spacious dwelling which was known as the House of Assembly. Leaders of different clans met in this hall to discuss their social, commercial, cultural and political problems. Qusai created laws so that pilgrims who went to Mecca were supplied with food and water, which was paid for by a tax that the people paid. He distributed the responsibilities of looking after the visitors during pilgrimage, taking care of the Kaaba, warfare, and pacifying amongst myriad tribes living in Mecca.

paragraph: Section::::Sons.

paragraph: Qusai had many sons, some of them being Abd, Abd-al-Dar, Abd Manaf and Abd-al-Uzza. It was a marked characteristic of Qusai's line that in each generation there would be one man who was altogether pre-eminent. Among his four sons, Abd Manaf was already honoured in his lifetime. However Qusai preferred his first born, Abd-al-Dar, although he was the least capable of all. Shortly before Qusai's death he invested all his rights, powers, and transferred the ownership of the House of Assembly to Abd-al-Dar.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Family tree of Muhammad

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of notable Hijazis

paragraph: BULLET::::- Greater Syria

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Banu Hashim — Before the Birth of Islam — Restatement of History of Islam and Muslims

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hajj

paragraph: BULLET::::- B

paragraph: BULLET::::- Geo

description: Ancestor of Muhammad

wikidata_label: Qusai ibn Kilab

wikipedia_title: Qusai ibn Kilab


text: Coptic

text: Greek

text: Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria

text: Egypt

text: desert father

text: Jesus

text: incorruptibility

text: Monastery of Saint Bishoy

text: Natroon Desert

text: Egypt

text: Oriental Orthodox Churches

text: Eastern Orthodox Church

text: Shansa

text: Egypt

text: Al Minufiyah

text: Angel

text: Scetes

text: monk

text: Saint Pambo

text: Saint John the Dwarf

text: Saint Pambo

text: angel

text: hermit

text: Saint Ephrem the Syrian

text: Copt

text: Jesus

text: Copt

text: Orthodox faith

text: heresies

text: Ansena

text: Holy Spirit

text: Old

text: New Testament

text: Orthodox

text: Berbers

text: Scetes

text: Ansena

text: Saint Paul of Tammah

text: Antinopolis

text: Ansena

text: Dayr al-Barsha

text: Mallawi

text: Epip

text: Koiak

text: Pope Joseph I

text: Saint Paul of Tammah

text: Monastery of Saint Bishoy

text: Scetes

text: Nile

text: Saint Paul of Tammah

text: Monastery of Saint Bishoy

text: Natroon Desert

text: Egypt

text: Monastery of Saint Bishoy

text: Nitrian Desert

text: Deir el-Bersha

text: Mallawi

text: Monastery of Saint Bishoy at Armant

text: Armant

text: Red Monastery

text: Souhag

text: Egyptian

text: Bishoy from Coptic.org

text: Bishoy from copticchurch.net

text: Bishoy from stmaryscopticorthodox.ca

categories: 320 births,Saints from Roman Egypt,Angelic visionaries,417 deaths,5th-century Christian saints

paragraph: Pishoy

paragraph: Saint Bishoy (Coptic: "Abba Pišoi"; and Greek: Όσιος Παΐσιος ο Μέγας; 320 – 417 AD), known in the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria as the "Star of the Desert" and the "Beloved of our Good Savior", is an Egyptian desert father. He is said to have seen Jesus and that his body is preserved to the present day in incorruptibility at the Monastery of Saint Bishoy at the Natroon Desert, Egypt. He is venerated by the Oriental Orthodox Churches and the Eastern Orthodox Churches, and is known in the latter under the Greek version of his name, Paisios.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Saint Bishoy was born in 320 AD in the village of Shansa (Shensha or Shesna), currently in the Egyptian governorate of Al Minufiyah. Younger to six other brothers, he was weak and frail. His mother saw an Angel in a vision asking her to give God one of her children, and pointed at Bishoy. When the mother tried to offer one of her stronger children, the angel insisted that Bishoy was the chosen one.

paragraph: At the age of twenty, Bishoy went to the wilderness of Scetes and became a monk by the hand of Saint Pambo, who also ordained Saint John the Dwarf a monk. When Saint Pambo died, Bishoy was guided by an angel to the site of the present Monastery of Saint Bishoy, where he lived the life of a hermit. At this time, he became the spiritual father of many monks who gathered around him. He was famous for his love, wisdom, simplicity and kindness, as well as for his extremely ascetic life. He was also known to love seclusion and quietness. Bishoy's asceticism was harsh to the extent of tying his hair and hands with a rope to the ceiling of his cell, in order to resist sleeping during his night prayers. This asceticism made him so famous that he was visited by Saint Ephrem the Syrian.

paragraph: The Copts believe that Bishoy saw Jesus a number of times. Once, an old monk asked him to help him climb a mountain, so Bishoy carried him on his shoulders and climbed, only to discover that the old monk was no one but Jesus. The latter told him that, for the extent of his love, his body will not see corruption. The Copts also believe that Bishoy washed the feet of Jesus who visited him as a poor stranger.

paragraph: Saint Bishoy was also said to have seen Jesus at his monastery. When Bishoy's brethren learned that Jesus was coming, they gathered so that they might see him. Earlier, there had been an old man that asked these monks to help him on his way but they ignored him. When Saint Bishoy saw the old man, he helped him back to his room. He customarily washed the old mans feet. The old man then appeared to him as Jesus.

paragraph: Bishoy is known as a defender of Orthodox faith against heresies. Having heard of an ascetic in the mountain of Ansena who taught that there was no Holy Spirit, Bishoy went to him carrying a weaved basket with three ears. When the old man asked him about the reason for making three ears for a basket, Bishoy replied "I have a Trinity, and everything I do is like the Trinity". After much debate from the Scriptures, the Old and New Testaments, the old ascetic reverted to Orthodox .

paragraph: Saint Bishoy also has the title of "Perfect man"

paragraph: Section::::Departure and Relics.

paragraph: In 407/408 AD, as the Berbers invaded the wilderness of Scetes, Bishoy left and dwelt in the mountain of Ansena. At this time, he met Saint Paul of Tammah in Antinopolis and the two became very close friends. While at the mountain of Ansena, Bishoy built another monastery, the monastery of Saint Bishoy at Dayr al-Barsha, which still stands today near Mallawi. Bishoy departed on 8 Epip (July 15) 417 AD.

paragraph: On December 13, 841 AD (4 Koiak), Pope Joseph I fulfilled the desire of Saint Bishoy and moved his body (as well as that of Saint Paul of Tammah) to the Monastery of Saint Bishoy in the wilderness of Scetes. It is said that they first attempted to move the body of Saint Bishoy only, but when they carried it to the boat on the Nile, the boat would not move until they brought in the body of Saint Paul of Tammah as well. Today, the two bodies lie in the main church of the Coptic Orthodox Monastery of Saint Bishoy in the Natroon Desert. Eyewitnesses recount that the body of Saint Bishoy remains in an allegedly incorruptible state to this day.

paragraph: Section::::Monasteries named after Saint Pishoy.

paragraph: There are currently three monasteries in Egypt that carry the name of Saint Pishoy:

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Monastery of Saint Bishoy at the Nitrian Desert

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Monastery of Saint Bishoy at Deir el-Bersha, near Mallawi

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Monastery of Saint Bishoy at Armant, east of Armant

paragraph: BULLET::::- Note that the Red Monastery near Souhag is also named after an Egyptian saint called Bishay. This saint is not to be confused with Saint Bishoy.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Coptic Orthodox Synaxarium (Book of Saints)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bishoy from Coptic.org

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bishoy from copticchurch.net

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bishoy from stmaryscopticorthodox.ca

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Saint Bishoy Coptic Orthodox Church in Canada

description: Egyptian desert father

wikidata_label: Pishoy

wikipedia_title: Pishoy


text:
Portuguese
navigator
Afonso de Albuquerque
conquest of Ormus
Malacca in 1511
Maluku
Timor
Banda Islands
Indonesia
Chinese junk
Malacca River
Pegu
Siam
Spice Islands
Francisco Serrão
Malay
Java
Lesser Sunda Islands
Ambon Island
Banda Islands
nutmeg
cloves
Moluccas
Ternate
Fernão Pires de Andrade
continental Portugal
Francisco Serrão
History of Indonesia

categories: Portuguese colonialism in Indonesia,1510s deaths,Explorers of Asia,People from Madeira,16th-century Portuguese people,1480s births,16th-century explorers,Maritime history of Portugal,Portuguese explorers

paragraph: António de Abreu

paragraph: António de Abreu (c. 1480 – c. 1514) was a 16th-century Portuguese navigator and naval officer. He participated under the command of Afonso de Albuquerque in the conquest of Ormus in 1507 and Malacca in 1511, where he got injured. Departing from Malacca in November 1511 with four ships, in an exploratory voyage to the 'Spice Islands' of Maluku, he led the first European expedition to reach Timor and the Banda Islands, in Indonesia, in 1512.

paragraph: Section::::Expeditions.

paragraph: On 25 July 1511, during the conquest of Malacca, António de Abreu led the Chinese junk that went up the Malacca River at high tide, allowing the Portuguese contingent to land and conquer the city in August. Severely wounded in the face, having lost some teeth and tongue, he refused the proposal from Albuquerque to relieve the command.

paragraph: In November that year, after sending ambassadors to Pegu and Siam one month before leaving Malacca, Albuquerque trusted Abreu with the command of a fleet of four ships sailing in search of the "Spice Islands". Abreu was captain-major in the ship "Santa Catarina", the deputy commander was Francisco Serrão on the ship "Sabaia", and a third vessel, a caravel, was under command of Simão Afonso Bisagudo, having as pilot Francisco Rodrigues, an able cartographer who wrote about this expedition. With a crew of 120 Portuguese and 60 slaves they were guided by Malay pilots, recruited to guide them through Java, the Lesser Sunda Islands and Ambon Island to the Banda Islands, where they arrived in early 1512. They remained there for about a month, buying and filling their ships with nutmeg and cloves. Abreu then sailed to Amboina whilst his deputy commander Serrão stepped forward to the Moluccas but sank, ending in Ternate. Occupied with fighting elsewhere in the archipelago, such as Ambon and Ternate, he returned only in 1529.

paragraph: Abreu returned to Malacca in December 1512, from where he departed for India with Fernão Pires de Andrade in January 1513, then sailing for Portugal. He died in Azores, before reaching continental Portugal.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Francisco Serrão

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of Indonesia

description: Portuguese explorer

wikidata_label: António de Abreu

wikipedia_title: António de Abreu


text:
ice hockey
Mighty Ducks of Anaheim
2002 NHL Entry Draft
Erie Otters
Ontario Hockey League
2000–01
2004–05

categories: Anaheim Ducks draft picks,Stockton Thunder players,Living people,1984 births,People from Berrien Springs, Michigan,Gwinnett Gladiators players,Coventry Blaze players,Cincinnati Mighty Ducks players,Chicago Wolves players,Norfolk Admirals players,Ice hockey people from Michigan,Diables Rouges de Briançon players,Erie Otters players,Greenville Grrrowl players,American ice hockey defensemen

paragraph: Brian Lee (ice hockey, born 1984)

paragraph: Brian Lee (born July 5, 1984) is an American former professional ice hockey player. Lee was selected by the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim in the 3rd round (71st overall) of the 2002 NHL Entry Draft.

paragraph: Section::::Amateur career.

paragraph: Lee played major junior hockey with the Erie Otters in the Ontario Hockey League where, from 2000–01 to 2004–05, he played 319 games and collected 25 goals and 82 assists for 107 points, and earned 492 minutes in penalties.

description: American ice hockey player (1984-)

wikidata_label: Brian Lee

wikipedia_title: Brian Lee (ice hockey, born 1984)


text:
Duke of Kingston's light horse
battle of Culloden
high sheriffs of Yorkshire
assizes
John Croft
empirics
Isaac Reed
Andrew Hunter

paragraph: Harry Rowe (showman)

paragraph: Harry Rowe (1726–1799) was an English showman and puppeteer, now remembered as a satirical "emendator of Shakespeare" for a work that appeared under his name.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Rowe was born at York. He served as trumpeter to the Duke of Kingston's light horse, and was present at the battle of Culloden in 1746, after which he attended the high sheriffs of Yorkshire in the capacity of trumpeter to the assizes, for 40 years. He was an itinerant puppet showman, travelling in Scotland and the north of England, and he operated a summer theatre in York for many years.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: John Croft, a wine merchant of York, got up a subscription for Rowe, and caused to be printed for his benefit "Macbeth, with Notes by Harry Rowe, York, printed for the Annotator" (1797, second edition, with a portrait of Rowe, 1799). The so-called "emendations" were intended to raise a laugh at the expense of scholarly commentators.

paragraph: In 1797 also appeared, in Rowe's name, "No Cure No Pay; or the Pharmacopolist, a musical farce", York, in which sarcasm is levelled against empirics with diplomas, who are represented by Drs. Wax, Potion, and Motion, and the journeyman Marrowbone. Annotations were again furnished by "a friend", probably Croft.

paragraph: Shortly after Rowe's death in York poorhouse, Croft issued "Memoirs of Harry Rowe, constructed from materials found in an old box after his decease", with profits oto the York Dispensary. A copy of Rowe's "Macbeth" in the Boston Public Library contained some manuscript notes by its former owner Isaac Reed including an erroneous ascription of the annotations to Andrew Hunter.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

description: British puppeteer

wikidata_label: Harry Rowe

wikipedia_title: Harry Rowe (showman)