text:
anarchist
hip hop
San Francisco Bay Area
West Coast hip hop
underground hip hop
anarchists
KRS-One
House of Pain
anti-war
anti-globalization
Occupy Wall Street
Occupy Oakland
Beltaine's Fire
Anarchitecture
Anarchist Black Cross
Iraq Veterans Against the War
MP3
Creative Commons
anarchist
autonomist
feminist
anarcho-syndicalism
mutualism
Noam Chomsky
Ward Churchill
Emma Goldman
Peter Kropotkin
Mikhail Bakunin
Michael Collins
Lucy Parsons
Mutualists
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
Industrial Workers of the World
Workers Solidarity Alliance
syndicalists
libertarian socialists
especificists
Celtic music
Scottish
Irish
indigenous peoples
First Nations
stateless nations
Chiapas
Chechnya
Ireland
Tibet
organized religion
File Sharing
imesh.com
Dub Sea
Working Classic Records
London
England
DJ Phoney
Phoney Records
Cologne
Germany
Kdubbs
Urban Underground
San Jose, California
The Unamerican LP
Live Oak Collective
Celtic fusion
Beltaine's Fire
Phoney Tapes
Emcee Lynx on Bandcamp
Beltaine's Fire on Bandcamp
Interview on No Lies Radio
Official website
Beltaine's Fire official website

categories: Industrial Workers of the World members,Underground rappers,1980 births,Rappers from the San Francisco Bay Area,American anarchists,Celtic hip hop musicians,Mutualists,Creative Commons-licensed authors,Celtic fusion musicians,Living people

paragraph: Emcee Lynx

paragraph: Lynx T'chass, or Emcee Lynx is an anarchist hip hop artist from the San Francisco Bay Area who achieved significant popularity and name-recognition in the West Coast hip hop and underground hip hop scenes and among anarchists and other radicals around the world. In 2006, he was described by "Donegal Press" magazine as "without a doubt one of the hottest rappers in the underground hip-hop scene today" and was described as "The next KRS-One" and the successor to House of Pain.

paragraph: He used his music and writing both for self-expression and to advocate for political and social change. He performed at many anti-war, anti-capitalist, anti-globalization and other demonstrations, along with fund raisers and benefits for radical causes and community groups. He was also very active in Occupy Wall Street (OWS) protests nationally, and at Occupy Oakland in particular, performing for the General Assembly on the first night of the occupation. His band, Beltaine's Fire donated the profits from sales of their third album, Anarchitecture to OWS groups around the country. He also recorded songs for benefit albums in support of various groups, including the Anarchist Black Cross and Iraq Veterans Against the War.

paragraph: All of his solo music was independently produced and released on a 'pay what you can' basis via bandcamp and Jamendo as MP3s under a Creative Commons license. Fans were encouraged to donate to help cover costs but it is entirely optional. He was an outspoken supporter of file sharing and stated that he looks forward to the day when file sharing and other decentralized means of distribution finally bankrupt the recording industry and leave issues of payment to be decided directly between artists and fans.

paragraph: Section::::Politics.

paragraph: Lynx's politics can be generally described as anarchist, but he also referred to himself as an autonomist, indigenist and feminist and described his vision of an ideal future as a blend between anarcho-syndicalism and mutualism. He augmented the traditional anarchist emphasis on class with a heavy emphasis on culture and history. According to interviews, his major political influences include Noam Chomsky, Ward Churchill, Emma Goldman, Peter Kropotkin, Mikhail Bakunin, Michael Collins, Lucy Parsons, and Mutualists like Pierre-Joseph Proudhon. He was a member of the Industrial Workers of the World, supporting their organizing and linking to their website. He was formerly a member of the Workers Solidarity Alliance, a non-sectarian grouping of class-struggle oriented anarchists from across North America that includes syndicalists, libertarian socialists, especificists, and others.

paragraph: Lynx's heavy emphasis on history and culture led him to incorporate traditional Celtic music instruments and melodies into his music (his background is Scottish and Irish). He was an outspoken supporter of the rights of ethnic minorities, indigenous peoples, First Nations, and stateless nations "from Chiapas to Chechnya, Ireland to Tibet" and argued that those fighting for national liberation would be better off fighting for self-determination in an anarchist framework instead of trying to create new Nation-States.

paragraph: He was vocal in his opposition to organized religion.

paragraph: Lynx is also significant because he was an early advocate for File Sharing and was one of the most successful artists in the world in using the Internet as a medium to promote and distribute his work prior to the creation of sites like Myspace and iTunes that helped mainstream online music distribution. As imesh.com put it in August 2002:

paragraph: Since the release of his first album ("Soundtrack for Insurrection Volume I") in early 2001, Emcee Lynx has gained international recognition in Hip-Hop's Conscious underground as one of the most articulate and innovative of a rising tide of politically active artists - winning him grassroots distribution and a loyal fan base from California to the Czech Republic.

paragraph: Section::::Artistry.

paragraph: In terms of sound, Lynx is hard to pigeonhole since his sound changed so much with each album. This was intentional: in interviews he described his musical vision as trying to "stretch the boundaries of hip hop" as widely as possible, and thus constantly incorporating new elements. These ranged from the heavy 'electronic-industrial-metal-hardcore rap' fusion on his first album to smoother trip-hop and funk influenced sounds to bass-driven 'west coast' styles. He produced most of his own instrumentals, but collaborated with a wide range of producers in several countries. Frequent collaborators included Dub Sea of Working Classic Records in London, England, DJ Phoney of Phoney Records in Cologne, Germany, and Kdubbs of Urban Underground in San Jose, California. "The Unamerican LP" (2004) also featured three instrumentals by members of the Live Oak Collective from San Jose.

paragraph: Lynx was also a pioneer in Celtic hip hop, a new style of Celtic fusion that fuses Celtic melodies with hip hop beats and vocals. His band, Beltaine's Fire was one of the first to play a true fusion of Celtic music and hip hop. They released three full-length albums and a free live demo.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Solo albums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Soundtrack for Insurrection I" (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Soundtrack for Insurrection II" (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Black Dog EP" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Unamerican LP" (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Living in the Shadow" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beltaine's Fire

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Weapon of the Future" (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Liberty" (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live at Puck's" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Anarchitecture" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Compilations

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Music For The Resistance" - Circle-A Records, US. (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "No Idea Compilation" - 1312 Group, US.(2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Nonviolence or Nonexistence" - Utopian Records, US.(2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Warnography" - Love and Rage Records, Australia. (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hiphoplogia: CD Anticarcelario" - Libertad Anarchist Press, Spain and Chile. (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "States of Abuse Compilation" - Entartete Kunst, US and UK.(2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Def Sentence' - Books to Prisoners, US. (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "We're out here for them! ABC Do it Together Compilation" Anarchist Black Cross, Germany. (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Apocalypse" - Urban Underground, US. (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Phoney Phaves" - Phoney Tapes, Germany. (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Line In The Sand" - Wyld Stallion Records, benefit for Iraq Veterans Against the War. (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Best of KVMR Celtic Fest" - With Beltaine's Fire, Benefit for KVMR. (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Sound of Resistance, Volume 1" - With Beltaine's Fire. (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- International reprints

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Soundtrack for Insurrection" (2002) Czech Version. Contains tracks from Soundtrack 1 and 2, reprinted as a benefit for the Prague Anarchist Black Cross

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Black Dog LP" and "The UnAmerican LP" were reprinted in Jakarta, Indonesia in (2004) as a benefit for local political prisoners.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The UnAmerican LP" was reprinted in Cologne Germany by Phoney Tapes in (2005) as a benefit for "Le Sabot," an Anarchist book store in Bonn.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The UnAmerican LP" and "Living in the Shadow" had three separate reprints in Portugal, Poland, and Romania as fund raisers for local anarchist groups in each area in 2006.

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" - YFilms, US. 2007.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Emcee Lynx on Bandcamp

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beltaine's Fire on Bandcamp

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interview on No Lies Radio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website (archive copy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beltaine's Fire official website (archive copy)

description: American rapper

wikidata_label: Emcee Lynx

wikipedia_title: Emcee Lynx


text: architect

text: Greek Revival

text: neoclassical

text: San Francisco Bay area

text: California

text: Nevada

text: Oregon

text: Charlottetown

text: Prince Edward Island

text: Brinker Institute

text: boarding school

text: Wichita, Kansas

text: Charlestown, Indiana

text: Tacoma, Washington

text: Oakland, California

text: Watsonville

text: Salinas

text: Monterey

text: Pacific Grove

text: Santa Cruz

text: YMCA

text: San Francisco

text: Kearney Street

text: 1906 earthquake

text: California coast

text: Carnegie Libraries

text: Central California

text: Palo Alto

text: Spanish Revival

text: Piedmont, California

text: Oakland

text: San Jose

text: East Bay

text: Carnegie libraries designed by Weeks

categories: Architecture in the San Francisco Bay Area,1936 deaths,People from Watsonville, California,1864 births,W. H. Weeks buildings,Architects from California,History of the San Francisco Bay Area,People from the San Francisco Bay Area

paragraph: W. H. Weeks

paragraph: William Henry Weeks (1864–1936) was an early 20th-century architect who designed hundreds of buildings including many schools, banks, and libraries. He was well known for his monumental Greek Revival neoclassical style of architecture, although he also employed other architectural styles. His offices were based in various parts of the San Francisco Bay area throughout his career. Weeks designed hundreds of structures in over 161 Californian cities, as well as several buildings in Nevada and Oregon. Many of his buildings are still standing and some are still in use.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: William Henry Weeks was born in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada on January 18, 1864, the fourth child of Richard and Margaret Weeks. In 1885 Weeks graduated from the Brinker Institute, a co-educational day and boarding school that was open for a short time in Denver, Colorado. After the family moved to their new home in Wichita, Kansas, Weeks began his career working with his father as a builder and designer.

paragraph: Section::::Family and business life.

paragraph: Weeks became engaged to one of the Haymaker girls who lived in Charlestown, Indiana, but she died before the wedding took place. Meanwhile, Weeks' family had moved to Tacoma, Washington, but he returned to Indiana and asked his late fiancée's sister Maggie for her hand in marriage. She accepted and they were married in 1891, at the bride's home in Charlestown. He and his wife would later have nine children, of whom only five survived to adulthood. They moved to Tacoma for a period, but eventually moved to Oakland, California along with Weeks' family.

paragraph: In 1894 Weeks opened an office in Watsonville, and was employed as the designer for several projects in town. His business prospered, and in 1897 he opened a branch office in Salinas, where he then spent part of his work-week. As Weeks' business continued to grow, he began to bid to design buildings in Monterey, Pacific Grove, Santa Cruz, and many other parts of Northern California. In the middle of the 1890s Weeks had moved his family to Watsonville, and when he was in town he was active in his church, teaching Sunday School class when he could. Weeks was also involved in his community at large: he helped draw up the new city charter for Watsonville and volunteered for many years on the YMCA Board of Directors.

paragraph: By 1899 Weeks began to invest in real estate in Watsonville, and during his lifetime he accumulated a sizable amount of local property.

paragraph: In 1905, Weeks opened another branch office in San Francisco, at 251 Kearney Street, and he was in the city, staying at a hotel, when the 1906 earthquake hit. Fortunately he was unharmed. He was already busy designing numerous buildings along the California coast and Northern California during 1905, and the earthquake in the Bay Area increased his work load, as he designed and built replacements for many buildings damaged by the quake and the fires in the aftermath.

paragraph: Weeks' reputation grew because he built many of the Carnegie Libraries in Northern and Central California. However, he actually designed more school buildings than libraries. Local newspapers praised him for his safe and practical school designs.

paragraph: After 18 years in Watsonville, Weeks decided to move to Palo Alto in 1911, to be closer to his business in San Francisco and the Bay Area in general. He moved yet again in 1922 when he decided his family needed a larger and more spacious home. He designed and built a Spanish Revival house in Piedmont, California at a cost of $20,000.

paragraph: In 1924 Weeks took his son Harold as his business partner and renamed the business "Weeks and Weeks." The same year a new branch office was opened in Oakland, followed by another in San Jose in 1926. In 1928 Weeks' was one of the largest and oldest architectural firms in California. His staff included many architects, engineers, and other specialists. As the business grew, with the direction of Weeks and the company directors, the Weeks Securities Corporation was formed, with the goal of managing the organizing and financing of commercial building properties.

paragraph: Between 1930 and 1932, Weeks had to deal with many setbacks in his business dealings. In 1930 it was rumored that the Weeks Securities Corporation was $300,000 in debt, but the allegation was found to be incorrect. In 1931, after an investigation, the corporation's license to sell stock was suspended on the grounds that stockholders' money was being "misappropriated." Two employees, one of whom was married to Weeks' niece, left after things became "hot and heavy." In the fall of 1931, the state revoked Weeks' license as an architect after a contractor accused him of inflating four building contracts in the East Bay. The charges were later dismissed and his license reinstated, but Weeks was reprimanded for "gross negligence in performance of contractual duties."

paragraph: In 1932, Weeks was 68 years old and still very much active. He was bothered by recurring heart problems (chronic inflammation of the heart), but still maintained his active lifestyle. In 1935 Weeks had a heart attack, which temporarily slowed him down, but he resumed his active pace for several more months until he died in his home in Piedmont on April 29, 1936. In his will Weeks left his architectural business solely to his son Harold, and left nothing to his other children, stating that his wife "will provide for them as she may be able." He left her the entire remainder of his estate.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of buildings designed by W. H. Weeks

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Notes

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bibliography

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carnegie libraries designed by Weeks.

alias:
Wiliam Henry Weeks
William Henry Weeks

description: American architect

wikidata_label: W. H. Weeks

wikipedia_title: W. H. Weeks


text: American football

text: Gary, Indiana

text: college football

text: halfback

text: University of Michigan

text: All-American

text: Heisman Trophy

text: Maxwell Award

text: Associated Press Athlete of the Year

text: College Football Hall of Fame

text: World War II

text: pilot

text: U.S. Army Air Forces

text: P-38 Lightning

text: dogfight

text: Zeros

text: Kiukiang

text: Los Angeles Rams

text: 1946 NFL season

text: play-by-play announcer

text: Rose Bowl

text: CBS

text: ABC

text: KTLA

text: UCLA

text: Rensselaer, Indiana

text: Census Bureau

text: Purdue University

text: Tulane University

text: Horace Mann High School

text: varsity letter

text: 100-yard dash

text: low hurdles

text: Jesse Owens

text: basketball

text: no-hitter

text: pitcher

text: AAU

text: baseball

text: Fielding H. Yost

text: end

text: varsity

text: Harry Kipke

text: Tulane

text: Bill Bevan

text: basketball

text: Fritz Crisler

text: right halfback

text: rushing yards

text: Ralph Heikkinen

text: guard

text: Minnesota

text: Yale

text: United Press

text: Forest Evashevski

text: Ohio State

text: Columbus, Ohio

text: Ed Frutig

text: United Press

text: Big Ten Conference

text: Associated Press

text: Illinois

text: Minnesota

text: AP poll

text: Iowa

text: Red Grange

text: Chicago

text: Forest Evashevski

text: Bob Westfall

text: Ohio State team

text: 1939 College Football All-America Team

text: Collier's Weekly

text: International News Service

text: Liberty

text: Newsweek

text: Sporting News

text: United Press

text: Boys' Life

text: Central Press Association

text: Life

text: Heisman Trophy

text: Nile Kinnick

text: 1940 Michigan team

text: Minnesota

text: California

text: David M. Nelson

text: Michigan State

text: Harvard

text: Cambridge, Massachusetts

text: Penn

text: Frank Reagan

text: Ed Frutig

text: Ohio State

text: extra point

text: punting

text: Maxwell Award

text: Heisman Trophy

text: Hank Greenberg

text: Associated Press

text: Collier's Weekly

text: International News Service

text: Newspaper Enterprise Association

text: Newsweek

text: Sporting News

text: United Press

text: Forest Evashevski

text: touchdown

text: College Football Hall of Fame

text: Michigan Sports Hall of Fame

text: University of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor

text: ESPN

text: Big Ten Network

text: Michigan Football Legends

text: Devin Gardner

text: Chicago Bears

text: 1941 NFL Draft

text: Columbia Pictures

text: Harmon of Michigan

text: Paramount

text: Martin and Lewis

text: That's My Boy

text: The Caddy

text: New York Americans

text: American Football League

text: Lake County, Indiana

text: United States Army Air Corps

text: Oxnard Air Force Base

text: Camarillo, California

text: Gardner Army Airfield

text: Taft, California

text: Williams Field

text: Dutch Guinea

text: dugout canoe

text: outrigger canoe

text: Antilles Air Command

text: Lockheed P-38 Lightning

text: 449th Fighter Interceptor Squadron

text: Kiukiang

text: Yangtze River

text: Zero

text: dogfight

text: Purple Heart

text: Silver Star

text: Green Bay Packers

text: College Football All-Star Classic

text: WJR

text: Detroit

text: Mutual Radio Network

text: Los Angeles Rams

text: 1946 NFL season

text: Chicago Bears

text: Green Bay Packers

text: T-formation

text: Glendale, California

text: KFI

text: play-by-play announcer

text: NBC

text: Rose Bowl Game

text: CBS

text: KTLA

text: Product 19

text: UCLA Bruins football

text: KNBC

text: Los Angeles Raiders

text: Elyse Knox

text: Kristin Harmon Nelson

text: Burbank, California

text: Ricky Nelson

text: Tracy Nelson

text: Gunnar

text: Matthew Nelson

text: Kelly Harmon

text: John DeLorean

text: Sports Illustrated

text: Mark Harmon

text: UCLA Bruins

text: People

text: Sexiest Man Alive

text: St. Elsewhere

text: Chicago Hope

text: NCIS

text: Pam Dawber

text: Bel Air Country Club

text: UCLA Medical Center

text: List of Michigan Wolverines football All-Americans

text: List of NCAA major college football yearly scoring leaders

text: List of NCAA major college football yearly total offense leaders

text: Michigan Football Legends: Tom Harmon

text: University of Michigan

categories: Michigan Wolverines men's basketball players,American football halfbacks,United States Army officers,New York Americans (1940 AFL) players,American sports announcers,Male actors from Indiana,1919 births,Heisman Trophy winners,Sportspeople from Gary, Indiana,Recipients of the Silver Star,Basketball players from Indiana,Los Angeles Rams players,Michigan Wolverines football players,Players of American football from Indiana,1990 deaths,People from Gary, Indiana,People from Rensselaer, Indiana,National Football League announcers,College football announcers,Disease-related deaths in California,Maxwell Award winners,Dallas Cowboys broadcasters,All-American college football players,American men's basketball players,National Football League first overall draft picks,20th-century American male actors

paragraph: Tom Harmon

paragraph: Thomas Dudley Harmon (September 28, 1919 – March 15, 1990), sometimes known by the nickname "Old 98", was an American football player, military pilot, actor, and sports broadcaster.

paragraph: Harmon grew up in Gary, Indiana, and played college football at the halfback position for the University of Michigan from 1938 to 1940. He led the nation in scoring and was a consensus All-American in both 1939 and 1940 and won the Heisman Trophy, the Maxwell Award, and the Associated Press Athlete of the Year award in 1940. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1954.

paragraph: During World War II, Harmon served as a pilot in the U.S. Army Air Forces. In April 1943, he was the sole survivor of the crash of a bomber he piloted in South America en route to North Africa. Six months later, while flying a P-38 Lightning, he was shot down in a dogfight with Japanese Zeros near Kiukiang in China.

paragraph: After the war, Harmon played two seasons of professional football for the Los Angeles Rams and had the longest run from scrimmage during the 1946 NFL season. He later pursued a career in sports broadcasting and was the play-by-play announcer for the first televised Rose Bowl in the late 1940s and worked for CBS from 1950 to 1962. He later hosted a 10-minute daily sports show on the ABC radio network in the 1960s and worked as the sports anchor on the KTLA nightly news from 1958 to 1964. He also handled play-by-play responsibility on broadcasts of UCLA football games in the 1960s and 1970s.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Harmon was born in Rensselaer, Indiana, at the family home at 118 South Weston Street, the son of Illinois natives Rose Marie (née Quinn) and Louis A. Harmon (1873–1948), a real estate agent. Harmon had five older siblings, Louella, Harold, Mary, Louis, and Eugene, all born in Indiana. His maternal grandparents were Irish, while his father was of French, German, and Irish descent.

paragraph: In 1924, the family moved to Gary, Indiana. At the time of the 1930 U.S. Census, the family was living at 578 Van Buren in Gary, where Harmon's father was employed as a real estate salesman, and his mother was employed as a clerk for the Census Bureau. Harmon's three older brothers all excelled in athletics before him: Harold was a track star at Purdue University, Louis played basketball at Purdue, and Eugene was the captain of Tulane University's basketball team.

paragraph: Harmon attended Horace Mann High School in Gary, graduating in 1937. He received 14 varsity letters in 10 sports at Horace Mann. He won the Indiana state championship both in the 100-yard dash and 220-yard low hurdles and won the national interscholastic scoring championship in football with 150 points. He ran the 100-yard dash in 9.9 seconds (half a second slower than Jesse Owens' world record) and 220-yard low hurdles in 22.6 seconds. He was also a star basketball player and threw two no-hitters as a pitcher in AAU baseball. Michigan athletic director Fielding H. Yost in 1937 proclaimed Harmon "the greatest high school athlete of the year".

paragraph: Section::::University of Michigan.

paragraph: At the urging of his high-school coach Douglass Kerr, who played end for Michigan in 1927 and 1928, Harmon enrolled at the University of Michigan in 1937. He played on the freshman football team that fall, while the varsity compiled a 4–4 record in its final season under head coach Harry Kipke. In November 1937, the Associated Press published a story that Tulane coach Bill Bevan had tried to lure Harmon to transfer to that school, where his older brother was a student-athlete. Harmon chose to remain at Michigan, leading the varsity football team to a 19–4–1 () record over the next three years.

paragraph: In addition to football, Harmon was also a member of the basketball team for two years. He majored in English and speech at Michigan, aspiring to become a sports broadcaster, and, as a junior and senior, hosted a 15-minute program on the university radio station on Fridays.

paragraph: Section::::University of Michigan.:1938 season.

paragraph: In 1938, Michigan hired Fritz Crisler as its new football coach. As a sophomore, Harmon started seven of eight games at the right halfback position . He gained 405 rushing yards, averaging more than five yards per carry, and also completed 21 of 45 passes for 310 yards with only one interception. With Crisler as the coach, Harmon in the backfield, and consensus All-American Ralph Heikkinen at the guard position, the Wolverines lost only one game, a 7–6 loss to Minnesota, and improved their record to 6–1–1.

paragraph: Harmon began to draw national press coverage in the fourth game of the 1938 season, as he led a second-half comeback against Yale. After losing to Minnesota in the third week of the season, the Wolverines trailed Yale 13–2 at halftime. Harmon set up Michigan's first touchdown with a pass to Norman Purucker in the third quarter and then led the Wolverines on their final drive late in the fourth quarter. The United Press described the game-winning drive as follows:

paragraph: Michigan seemed to be fighting for a hopeless cause and the hand crawled around the clock toward the end of the game. In that moment of despair for all those who cheer for Michigan, Harmon came out of nowhere to dominate the field. When the Yale line braced on its own goal, Harmon gambled by waiting patiently with the ball in his hand until John Nicholson could get free to catch the pass that meant defeat for Yale.

paragraph: Harmon continued to draw accolades the following week, as Michigan defeated Illinois by a 14–0 score. In the first quarter, Harmon ran for the Wolverines' first touchdown, "twisting and pushing his way the last few yards". He then "rifled" a pass to Forest Evashevski in the third quarter for Michigan's second touchdown.

paragraph: In the final game of the 1938 season, Harmon led Michigan to an 18–0 victory over Ohio State in Columbus, Ohio, a game that was said to be the "climax of the Wolverines' return as a major gridiron power". Michigan had suffered four consecutive shutouts at the hands of the Buckeyes prior to the 1938 game. In the first quarter, Harmon ran for a touchdown, tallying Michigan's first points against Ohio State since 1933. In the fourth quarter, Harmon threw a 15-yard pass to Ed Frutig for Michigan's second touchdown.

paragraph: At the end of the 1938 season, Harmon, described as "Michigan's sophomore sensation", won first-team honors on the United Press All-Big Ten Conference team. Harmon and teammate, Forest Evashevski, also won first-team all-conference honors from the Associated Press, becoming the first sophomores to be so honored since 1934.

paragraph: Section::::University of Michigan.:1939 season.

paragraph: As a junior in 1939, Harmon started at the right halfback position in seven of eight games. The Wolverines compiled a 6–2 record, with losses to Illinois and Minnesota, and were ranked number 20 in the final AP poll. For the season, Harmon rushed for 868 yards on 129 carries in eight games, an average of 6.7 yards per carry. His average of 108.5 yards per game was the best in the NCAA during the 1939 season, more than 20 yards higher than any other player (runner up John Polanski of Wake Forest averaged 88.2 rushing yards per game). He also led the nation in scoring with 102 points on 14 touchdowns, 15 extra points, and one field goal.

paragraph: In the second game of the season, a 27–7 victory over Iowa, Harmon scored every point for Michigan, including four touchdowns and three extra points. His longest run of the day was for 91 yards. The Associated Press called it one of the most amazing individual performances seen in the Big Ten since the days of Red Grange, describing Harmon "[d]arting, dodging and twisting up and down the chalk lines like a ballet dancer". After the game, Michigan coach Crisler praised Harmon's all-around contributions:

paragraph: Harmon has everything. He's best known as a runner, but I'd say his blocking and defensive work are equally good. . . . He has a wonderful change of pace and can dodge and cut on a dime.

paragraph: In the third game of the season, an 85–0 victory over Chicago, Harmon ran 57 yards for a touchdown and threw touchdown passes to Forest Evashevski and Bob Westfall before being taken out of the game for the second- and third-string backfield.

paragraph: In Michigan's fourth game, a 27–7 victory over Yale, Harmon scored three touchdowns, kicked three extra points, and gained 203 yards on 18 carries. His longest gain of the day was a 59-yard touchdown run on a reverse play around the left end.

paragraph: In the final game of the 1939 season, Michigan defeated an Ohio State team that was ranked number six in the country. After the Buckeyes took a 14–0 lead in the first 10 minutes, Harmon led the Wolverines to a comeback victory by a 21–14 score. In the second quarter, Harmon threw a 49-yard pass to Joe Rogers and then connected with Evashevski for the touchdown. In the third quarter, Harmon scored Michigan's second touchdown on a run around the right end. With 50 second remaining in the game, Harmon faked a field goal attempt as the holder picked up the ball and ran 24 yards for a touchdown behind Harmon's blocking. Harmon also kicked all three extra points for Michigan.

paragraph: At the end of the 1939 season, Harmon was selected as Michigan's most valuable player, and he was a consensus pick for the 1939 College Football All-America Team, receiving first-team honors from, among others, the All-America Board, the Associated Press, "Collier's Weekly", the International News Service, "Liberty", "Newsweek", the "Sporting News", the United Press, "Boys' Life", the Central Press Association, and "Life". He also finished second in the voting for the 1939 Heisman Trophy, garnering 405 votes, while Nile Kinnick won the award with 651 votes.

paragraph: Section::::University of Michigan.:1940 season.

paragraph: As a senior, Harmon started all eight games for Michigan, seven at left halfback and one at right halfback. The 1940 Michigan team compiled a 7–1 record, losing to national champion Minnesota by one point, and finished the season ranked number three in the final AP poll. For the season, Harmon rushed for 844 yards on 186 carries, an average of 4.5 yards per carry and 105.5 yards per game. For the second straight year, he also led the country in scoring with 117 points on 16 touchdowns, 18 extra points, and one field goal.

paragraph: In the opening game of the 1940 season, Michigan defeated California by a 41-0 score. While celebrating his 21st birthday, Harmon scored four touchdowns, kicked four extra points, and threw a touchdown pass to David M. Nelson. Harmon's first touchdown came on the opening kickoff, which he returned 94 yards. His second touchdown came in the second quarter on a 72-yard punt return in which he reportedly dodged and swerved from one side of the field to the other, running about 100 yards before reaching the end zone. His third touchdown was on an 85-yard run in the second quarter. During the third touchdown run, a spectator jumped from the stands and ran onto the field trying to tackle Harmon. Even the 12th man, who was escorted off the field by police, could not stop Harmon from reaching the endzone. The Associated Press wrote that Harmon found California's defense "about as strong as a wet paper bag", noted that Harmon was "as hard to snare as a greased pig", and opined that the only reason Michigan's point total was not higher was that "Michigan's first-string players ran themselves into a complete state of exhaustion." After his performance against California, Fritz Crisler called Harmon "the greatest player I've ever coached".

paragraph: In the second week of the season, Harmon, in a performance described by the Associated Press as "virtually a one-man show", ran for all three Michigan touchdowns and kicked all three extra points in a 21-14 victory over Michigan State. He increased his scoring total to 49 points after two games.

paragraph: In the third week of the season, Michigan defeated Harvard by a 26-0 score, and Harmon increased his scoring total to 69 points, as he ran for three touchdowns, passed for another touchdown, and kicked two extra points. The United Press reported that the "smooth-gaited" Harmon "thrilled the spectators for more than three periods with brilliant dashes", and left the game in the fourth quarter to "tremendous applause" from the fans in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

paragraph: In the season's fourth game, as Michigan defeated Illinois, 28-0, Harmon increased his point total to 80 as he ran for a touchdown and kicked a field goal and an extra point.

paragraph: In Michigan's fifth game, Harmon played all 60 minutes and was responsible for both touchdowns in a 14-0 victory over a previously unbeaten Penn team featuring the country's second-leading scorer, Frank Reagan. Harmon ran 20 yards on a lateral from Evashevski for the first touchdown and passed 15 yards to Ed Frutig for the second. Harmon also kicked both of Michigan's extra points. He was responsible for 155 yards from scrimmage, played the second half with his shirt "half ripped off his back", and reportedly "gave the dogged Quaker defense a going over that will never be forgotten".

paragraph: In the sixth game, Michigan suffered its only loss to Minnesota. Playing on a wet and slippery field, Harmon completed 9 of 14 passes, despite throwing what was described as "a bar of slippery soap", including a touchdown pass to Evashevski. Harmon missed the extra point kick that left Michigan trailing 7-6. Harmon later recalled: "It makes me sick to think of the chances we blew that day. We should have beaten them by four or five touchdowns. They're a good club, but we're better, and so is Northwestern."

paragraph: In his final college football game, Harmon led the Wolverines to a 40–0 victory over Ohio State, scoring three rushing touchdowns, two passing touchdowns, and four extra points, and intercepting three passes, and punting three times for an average of 50 yards. In a display of sportsmanship and appreciation, the Ohio State fans in Columbus gave Harmon a standing ovation at game's end. No other Wolverine player has been so honored, before or since.

paragraph: At the end of the 1940 season, Harmon won numerous awards, including:

paragraph: BULLET::::- On November 25, 1940, the Maxwell Memorial Club announced that Harmon had been chosen as the winner of the Maxwell Award as "the nation's No. 1 football player for 1940".

paragraph: BULLET::::- On November 28, 1940, Harmon was announced as the winner of the Heisman Trophy as the country's outstanding college football player with a record count of 1,303 votes.

paragraph: BULLET::::- On December 10, 1940, Harmon was named the male athlete of the year across all sports in annual polling of sports experts conducted by the Associated Press. Harmon received 147 points in the poll, nearly tripling the points received by runner-up Hank Greenberg.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harmon was also a unanimous All-American, receiving first-team honors from the All-America Board, the Associated Press, "Collier's Weekly", the International News Service, "Liberty" magazine, the Newspaper Enterprise Association, "Newsweek", the "Sporting News", and the United Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In mid-December 1940, Harmon was unanimously selected as the most valuable player in the Big Ten Conference.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harmon and backfield teammate Forest Evashevski, described as Michigan's "two-man gang", were both selected by conference coaches for the third consecutive year as first-team players on the Associated Press All-Big Ten Conference team.

paragraph: Section::::University of Michigan.:Career statistics and legacy.

paragraph: In his three seasons at Michigan, Harmon rushed for 2,151 yards on 399 carries, completed 101 of 233 passes for 1,396 yards and 16 touchdowns, and scored 237 points. During his career, he played all 60 minutes eight times. Harmon also scored 33 touchdowns, breaking Red Grange's collegiate record of 31 touchdowns. He led the nation in scoring in both 1939 and 1940 (a feat that remains unmatched). His career average of 9.9 points per game stood as an NCAA record for ten seasons.

paragraph: Harmon was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1954, the Michigan Sports Hall of Fame in 1962, the Indiana Football Hall of Fame in 1974, and the University of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor (as one of five inaugural inductees) in 1978. In 2007, Harmon was ranked 16th on ESPN's Top 25 Players in College Football list. Harmon was also ranked fifth on the Big Ten Network's program "Big Ten Icons", honoring the greatest athletes in the Big Ten Conference's history.

paragraph: In November 1940, Michigan's equipment manager announced that Harmon's jersey number, 98, would be retired when Harmon played his last game. About 73 years later, Michigan unretired Harmon's jersey as part of its Michigan Football Legends program. During a ceremony in September 2013, Harmon was honored as a Michigan Football Legend, and Devin Gardner was chosen as the first Michigan player since 1940 to wear the jersey.

paragraph: Section::::Professional football and movies.

paragraph: In December 1940, Harmon was selected by the Chicago Bears with the first selection in the first round of the 1941 NFL Draft. However, Harmon declined to sign with the Bears, initially stating that he was through playing football and instead planned to pursue a career in radio and the movies.

paragraph: In March 1941, Harmon signed a contract with Columbia Pictures to star in a motion picture titled, "Harmon of Michigan", with filming set to commence in July 1941, after Harmon graduated from Michigan. The film was released later that year. His film appearances included two Paramount Martin and Lewis comedies as a sports announcer, "That's My Boy" (1951) and "The Caddy" (1953).

paragraph: On October 10, 1941, the New York Americans of the rival American Football League announced that they had signed Harmon to play in the final four games of the 1941 season for around $1,500 per game.

paragraph: Section::::Military service.

paragraph: In May 1941, the draft board in Lake County, Indiana, announced that Harmon had been classified as 1-B and deferred as a student until July 1, 1941. In July 1941, Harmon was granted a further 60-day deferment based on his claim that he was the sole support for his parents. In September 1941, he appeared in front of the draft board seeking a permanent deferment. His request was denied, and he was classified as 1-A. Harmon, then working as a radio announcer in Detroit, stated that he intended to appeal the ruling. His appeal was denied in October 1941, and he was given until November 1941 to enlist.

paragraph: Harmon applied to enlist as a cadet in the United States Army Air Corps in early November 1941. He was granted permission to enlist as a cadet in March 1942. Despite rumors that he had washed out of flight school, Harmon underwent his first 60 hours of flight training at the now defunct Oxnard Air Force Base in Camarillo, California, and then finished basic flying school at Gardner Army Airfield in Taft, California, in September 1942. He was commissioned as a second lieutenant and a twin-engined bomber pilot and assigned to Williams Field in Arizona in October 1942.

paragraph: In April 1943, an Army bomber piloted by Harmon, and nicknamed "Old 98" after Harmon's football jersey number, crashed into the South American jungle while en route to North Africa. Harmon reported that he had been flying through heavy rain turbulence for two hours. When Harmon tried to fly the plane to an opening in the weather, there was a sharp crack from the right wing and engine, and Harmon was unable to pull the plane from a steep dive. After ordering his crew to bail out, Harmon parachuted from the plane at 1,500 feet. He ended up in a tree 20 yards from where his plane crashed. Out of a crew of six, Harmon was the sole survivor of the crash and spent several days working his way through jungle and swamp. He ultimately came upon natives in Dutch Guinea who escorted him in a dugout canoe to a village, where he was taken by outrigger canoe to a base of the Antilles Air Command.

paragraph: After a brief assignment as a Lockheed P-38 Lightning pilot in North Africa, Harmon was assigned to duty with the 449th Fighter Interceptor Squadron in China in the summer of 1943. In October of that year, while escorting bombers on a low-level mission over Kiukiang, Harmon's P-38 was shot down over the Yangtze River by a Japanese Zero during a dogfight. According to some accounts, Harmon shot down two Zeros in a dogfight over the Kiukiang docks and warehouses. Harmon was forced to bail out into Japanese-occupied China. He was later rescued by anti-Japanese Chinese guerrillas. Harmon was awarded the Purple Heart and the Silver Star for his actions with the 449th Fighter Squadron.

paragraph: Harmon returned from China in January 1944. In November 1944, Harmon's account of his war service was published by Thomas Y. Crowell Company under the title, "Pilots Also Pray". He was promoted to the rank of captain in April 1945, and he was discharged from the military at the end of the war on August 13, 1945.

paragraph: Section::::Postwar career.

paragraph: Section::::Postwar career.:Return from service.

paragraph: In August 1945, upon his discharge from the military, Harmon joined the college all-star team to play against the NFL champions (the Green Bay Packers) in the annual College Football All-Star Classic in Chicago. Although the Packers defeated the college all-star team by a 19-7 score, Harmon provided a highlight with a 76-yard kickoff return that set up the all-stars' only touchdown. Harmon also kicked the extra point.

paragraph: Even before his playing days had ended, Harmon had begun to pursue a career in broadcasting. Before joining the military, he worked as the sports editor for WJR radio in Detroit. In September 1945, Harmon returned to Detroit's WJR radio to broadcast Michigan football games for the 1945 season. In October 1945, Harmon was hired to do a Saturday evening sports-feature program to be broadcast on the Mutual Radio Network. He said at the time that his playing days were behind him and that he intended to move to California after the football season was over.

paragraph: Section::::Postwar career.:Los Angeles Rams.

paragraph: Harmon's retirement from football was short-lived. In July 1946, he signed a two-year contract to play professional football for the Los Angeles Rams. Harmon later recalled that his return to the playing field was reluctant and made necessary by a $7,000 tax bill he received for his prewar earnings.

paragraph: A "series of injuries to war-weakened muscles" hampered his comeback. He appeared in 10 games for the Rams during the 1946 NFL season, rushing for 236 yards on 47 carries, and catching 10 passes for 199 yards. He had an 84-yard run against the Chicago Bears on October 14, 1946, that was the longest in the NFL in 1946. He also gained 135 yards on 18 carries in a 1946 game against the Green Bay Packers. The following year, Harmon appeared in 12 games for the Rams, gaining 306 rushing yards on 60 carries, and catching five passes for 89 yards.

paragraph: Harmon believed that his talents did not fit with the T-formation offense run by the Rams, and having broken his nose 13 times, he retired for good from his playing career after the 1947 season. Harmon later recalled that he went from a $1,500-a-week job as a player to a $100-a-week position as an announcer in Glendale, California.

paragraph: Section::::Postwar career.:Broadcasting career.

paragraph: After retiring as a player in 1947, Harmon returned to his career as a sports broadcaster, becoming one of the first and most successful athletes to make the transition from player to broadcaster. Harmon attributed his successful career in radio and television to the early education he received from his drama teacher, Mary Gorrell, at Horace Mann high school. During the 1948 season, he broadcast Rams' games for KFI radio in Los Angeles. In the late 1940s, he was the play-by-play announcer for NBC on the first television broadcast of a Rose Bowl Game. From around 1950 to 1962, Harmon worked as a sportscaster for the CBS network. He also handled the nightly sport report on KTLA television in Los Angeles from 1958 to 1964.

paragraph: In 1962, Harmon joined the sports staff of the ABC radio network. He developed a concept for a 10-minute daily sports program. He hired the crew, purchased the equipment, found sponsors, and then sold the program to ABC. His 10-minute broadcasts became a staple of the ABC radio network. By 1965, his company, Tom Harmon Sports, was generating annual gross revenue of $1 million and had six full-time employees.

paragraph: In the early 1970s, Harmon was the spokesman in television commercials for Kellogg's Product 19 cereal. He also worked as the play-by-play announcer for UCLA Bruins football games on KTLA during the 1960s and 1970s. In his later years, he was the host of "Raider Playbook" on KNBC in Los Angeles and also handled play-by-play responsibility for Los Angeles Raiders' preseason games.

paragraph: Section::::Family and death.

paragraph: In August 1944, Harmon married movie actress and model Elyse Knox in a ceremony at the St. Mary's student chapel at the University of Michigan. Harmon saved his silk parachute from the crash of his P-38, and it was used as the material for his wife's wedding dress. The couple had three children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kristin Harmon Nelson was born on June 25, 1945, in Burbank, California, where Harmon was stationed at the time. She married recording artist Ricky Nelson in 1963. Harmon joked in the mid-1960s that he was then known as "Ricky Nelson's father-in-law". Kristin worked as an actress and primitive artist and had four children: Tracy Nelson, twins Gunnar and Matthew Nelson, and Sam.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kelly Harmon was born in 1948 and was a model, and later an interior designer. She married automaker John DeLorean in 1969. She later married "Sports Illustrated" publisher Robert Miller in 1984.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mark Harmon, born in 1951, played college football for the UCLA Bruins before becoming a film and television actor. A Golden Globe and Emmy Awards nominee, he was chosen as "People"'s "Sexiest Man Alive" in 1986, and is best known for his roles in the television series "St. Elsewhere", "Chicago Hope", and "NCIS". He married actress Pam Dawber in 1987, and they have two sons.

paragraph: On March 15, 1990, Harmon suffered a heart attack at the Amanda Travel Agency in West Los Angeles after winning a golf tournament at Bel Air Country Club. He was taken to UCLA Medical Center, where he died at age 70.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Michigan Wolverines football All-Americans

paragraph: BULLET::::- University of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of NCAA major college football yearly scoring leaders

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of NCAA major college football yearly total offense leaders

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Michigan Football Legends: Tom Harmon — University of Michigan athletics website

description: American football player, announcer

wikidata_label: Tom Harmon

wikipedia_title: Tom Harmon


text: Cambridgeshire

text: Chatteris

text: Potamogeton

text: Fenlands

text: Leicester

text: Henry Walter Bates

text: Alfred Russel Wallace

text: Rossetti

text: Coventry Patmore

text: Dante Gabriel Rossetti

text: Cardale Babington

text: John Gilbert Baker

text: Arthur Bennett

text: Huntingdonshire

text: George Claridge Druce

text: Charles Edward Moss

text: Linnean Society

paragraph: Alfred Fryer

paragraph: Alfred Fryer (25 December 1826 Cambridgeshire - 26 February 1912 Chatteris, Cambridgeshire), was an English naturalist and authority on the pond weeds or "Potamogetons".

paragraph: The Fryer family had lived in the Fenlands of the Chatteris district for more than 300 years; Alfred's father was a gentleman farmer of considerable means who placed few restrictions on his son. His first schooling was at Leicester where he met Henry Walter Bates and Alfred Russel Wallace. When Bates eventually left England for South America he tried to persuade Fryer, who had just lost his first wife, to do the same.

paragraph: In the 1840s Fryer's circle of London friends included the Rossetti family and Coventry Patmore, company which encouraged him to pursue his interest in poetry, while urging Dante Gabriel Rossetti to focus on poetry rather than painting.

paragraph: He returned to his native Fenlands in 1848 and began to devote his prodigious energy to science. At first his attention was taken up by insects, birds, shells and fossils, and it was only after 1860 that he became preoccupied with botany, corresponding with Cardale Babington, John Gilbert Baker and Arthur Bennett. His intimate knowledge of plants led to his considering a flora of Huntingdonshire, but his growing fascination with Potamogetons, or 'Pots' as he termed them, claimed priority. His circle of friends now reflected this single-mindedness - George Claridge Druce of Oxford, Charles Edward Moss of the Cambridge Botany School, Edward Walter Hunnybun (1848-1918)of Huntingdon and A. H. Evans, also corresponding with Thomas Morong (1827–1894), the American authority on the genus. During this period Fryer was growing Potamogetons in tanks placed in his garden, tracking their development together with that of their numerous wild counterparts. His prolific contributions to the "Journal of Botany, British and Foreign" led to his 1897 election as Associate to the Linnean Society. Until his death, Robert Morgan (1863-1900), also a Linnean Society Associate, illustrated Fryer's copious articles. Morgan's colour plates delighted Fryer and were praised by later critics.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Potamogetons (pond weeds) of the British Isles" - online

description: British botanist

wikidata_label: Alfred Fryer

wikipedia_title: Alfred Fryer


text:
Romanian-Jewish
Bessarabia
Montreal Museum of Fine Arts
Ottawa Journal
Robert Ayer
National Film Board of Canada
John Grierson
Canadian Institute of Planners
Royal Canadian Academy of Arts
Royal Architectural Institute of Canada
Drawn and Quarterly
Wild about Harry

categories: Canadian people of Romanian-Jewish descent,Jewish Canadian artists,Architecture academics,Jewish architects,McGill University faculty,1910 births,Artists from Montreal,Jewish Canadian writers,2004 deaths,Canadian architecture writers,National Film Board of Canada people,McGill University alumni,Canadian poster artists,Anglophone Quebec people,Canadian architects

paragraph: Harry Mayerovitch

paragraph: Harry Mayerovitch (April 16, 1910 – April 16, 2004), was a Canadian architect, artist, illustrator, author and cartoonist.

paragraph: Mayerovitch was born in Montreal on April 16, 1910 to Romanian-Jewish parents from the region of Bessarabia. After completing a Bachelor of Arts at McGill University, he earned his degree in architecture in 1933.

paragraph: Architecture projects were put on hold when Canada entered World War II, so Mayerovitch turned his attention to painting, with one painting, a war-themed work entitled "Home Front", exhibited at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts. This work garnered praise from "Ottawa Journal" critic Robert Ayer, which in turn caught the attention of National Film Board of Canada (NFB) founder John Grierson, who appointed Mayerovitch artistic director of the NFB's Wartime Information Board’s Graphic Arts Division—even though Mayerovitch had never designed posters before. From 1942 to 1944, Mayerovitch produced World War II propaganda posters, using the artist's signature "Mayo."

paragraph: Following the war, Mayerovitch resumed work as an architect and became active in urban planning.

paragraph: Beginning in 1965, he taught at McGill's School of Architecture, and remained on faculty until his death. His published works include the book, "How Architecture Speaks". In 2000, his 90th birthday was marked with the planting of a magnolia tree in the school of architecture's Centennial Garden. He was a member of the Order of Architects of Quebec, the Corporation of Urbanists of Quebec, the Canadian Institute of Planners, the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts, the Canadian Society of Graphic Arts, and was a Fellow of the Royal Architectural Institute of Canada.

paragraph: His final published work before his death on his 94th birthday in 2004 was "Way to Go", a collection of wordless cartoons published that same year by Drawn and Quarterly Press.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wild about Harry

description: Canadian artist

wikidata_label: Harry Mayerovitch

wikipedia_title: Harry Mayerovitch


text: House of Babenberg

text: Margrave of Austria

text: March

text: Duchy of Austria

text: Nordgau

text: Ratisbon

text: Duchy of Bavaria

text: Arnulf of Bavaria

text: Berthold of Schweinfurt

text: Luitpoldings

text: Otto I

text: Magyars

text: Battle of Lechfeld

text: March

text: Burkhard

text: Judith

text: Henry II of Bavaria

text: Otto II

text: Imperial Diet

text: Archduchy of Austria

text: Pöchlarn

text: Danube

text: Wachau

text: Traisen

text: Sankt Pölten

text: Krems

text: Melk

text: secular priests

text: Wienerwald

text: Fischa

text: Würzburg

text: Henry of Schweinfurt

text: Ernest I of Swabia

text: Otto III

text: Henry I

text: Otto of Freising

text: Adalbert

text: Ostarrîchi

text: Richardis

text: Ezzonid

text: Erenfried II

text: Adalbero of Carinthia

text: Henry I

text: Ernest I

text: Swabia

text: Adalbert

text: Poppo

text: Trier

text: Dießen

text: Trier

text: AEIOU

categories: 10th-century rulers of Austria,People from Würzburg,10th-century Austrian people,Margraves of Austria,940s births,Babenberg,994 deaths,Austrian people of German descent

paragraph: Leopold I, Margrave of Austria

paragraph: Leopold I (also "Luitpold"; – 10 July 994), known as the Illustrious (), a member of the House of Babenberg, was Margrave of Austria from 976 until his death. He was the first margrave of the Babenberg dynasty which ruled the March and Duchy of Austria until its extinction in 1246.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: The origins of Leopold the Illustrious are not known. According to some sources, his father Berthold was count in the Nordgau, the region north of Ratisbon (Regensburg) in the Duchy of Bavaria. A more recent theory identifies Leopold as a younger son of Duke Arnulf of Bavaria and brother (or nephew) of Count Berthold of Schweinfurt. While his ancestry remains disputed, some affiliation with the ducal Luitpoldings dynasty is probable.

paragraph: Leopold is first mentioned in a document issued by Emperor Otto I on 13 February 962 as "Liupo", count of the Bavarian "Donaugau" region near Ratisbon, count of the "Traungau" region, and a faithful follower of the emperor. After Otto I had defeated the Magyars in the 955 Battle of Lechfeld, he re-established the Bavarian "Marcha orientalis" (Eastern March) in the conquered territories, placing them under the command of Margrave Burkhard, a brother-in-law of Duchess Judith, consort of Duke Henry II of Bavaria. When Burkhard joined the uprising of Duke Henry II ("the Wrangler") against Emperor Otto II, he was deposed at the Imperial Diet of Ratisbon in 976. According to a charter dated 21 July 976, loyal Leopold was appointed margrave of the "Marcha orientalis", the core territory of the later Archduchy of Austria.

paragraph: The resettlement of the east was a slow process that centered from the fortress of Pöchlarn down the Danube river. Leopold's margraviate originally coincided with the present-day Wachau valley, and whose eastern boundary was the Traisen river near Sankt Pölten east of Krems. With the Magyar threat largely reduced following their defeat in 955, Leopold focused on securing his holdings from internal threats and dissensions. In 984, he engaged in the reduction of the fortress at Melk, which was still controlled by supporters of the late margrave. Once Melk was secured, Leopold most likely used it as his residence, founding a monastery there for twelve secular priests. By 987, Leopold extended the boundary of his margraviate to the east as far as the Wienerwald mountain range and by 991, jointly with reinstated Duke Henry II of Bavaria, further down to the Fischa river .

paragraph: In 994, Leopold travelled to Würzburg to mediate a dispute between his cousin Margrave Henry of Schweinfurt and the Würzburg bishop Bernward von Rothenburg, one of whose knights Henry had seized and blinded. At a tournament held on 8 July, Leopold was hit in the eye by an arrow directed at his cousin. Two days later, on 10 July 994, he died from his injuries. He was buried in Würzburg. In 1015, his son Duke Ernest I of Swabia, was buried next to his father. In the thirteenth century, their remains were returned to Melk Abbey.

paragraph: Section::::Historiography.

paragraph: Leopold ruled over the re-established "Marcha orientalis" for eighteen years. He organized and expanded it with great ability, and left behind a margravate that had assumed the character of "an ordered and civilized land". The chronicler Thietmar wrote that no man was wiser that he in all his actions, or of a worthier nature. Perhaps the highest testimony to Leopold's life and reputation came from the actions of Emperor Otto III, who immediately invested his son Henry I with his father's margravate.

paragraph: Although Leopold is not mentioned in the "Babenberger Chronicle" written by his descendant Otto of Freising—which only starts with Leopold's grandson Adalbert—he is known today as the progenitor of the Babenberg dynasty. Otto of Freising's claim of ancestry to the Franconian Babenbergs, who are remembered for the Babenberger insurgency of the early tenth century, has not been proven, but cannot be completely ruled out.

paragraph: In 1976, the millennial anniversary of Leopold's appointment as margrave was celebrated as a "Thousand Years of Austria". Celebrations under the same title were held twenty years later at the anniversary of the famous 996 "Ostarrîchi" document first mentioning the Old German name of Austria.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage.

paragraph: Leopold married Richardis, the daughter of Count Ernest IV of Sualafeldgau (according to other sources of the Ezzonid count Erenfried II) and probably the aunt of Duke Adalbero of Carinthia. Their marriage produced eight children:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Henry I (died 1018), second Margrave of Austria

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Judith

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Ernest I (died 1015), Duke of Swabia

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Adalbert (985–1055), third Margrave of Austria

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Poppo (986–1047), Archbishop of Trier

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Kunigunda

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Hemma, married Count Rapoto of Dießen

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Christina, a nun at Trier

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Citations

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bibliography

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Leopold I. Liutpold, Babenberger-Markgraf at AEIOU

description: Margrave of Austria

wikidata_label: Leopold I, Margrave of Austria

wikipedia_title: Leopold I, Margrave of Austria


text:
Grand Duke of Lithuania
Mindaugas
pagan
Sudovians
Semigalians
Black Ruthenia
Aukštaitija
Kernavė
Halych-Volhynia
Shvarn
Mongol
Navahradak
Hrodna
Slonim
Poland
Lublin
Łęczyca
Masovia
Gaudemunda
its dukes
Gediminas
paganism
Livonian Order
Battle of Karuse
Saaremaa
Otto von Lutterberg
Semigalia
Dinaburg
siege engines
Battle of Aizkraukle
Semigallians
Nameisis
Jersika
Preiļi District
Eastern Orthodox
Gaudemunda
Bolesław II
Duke of Masovia

categories: 1282 deaths,Grand Dukes of Lithuania,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Traidenis

paragraph: Traidenis (, ) (died 1282) was the Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1270 (or 1269) till 1282. He is the second most prominent, after Mindaugas, Grand Duke of Lithuania in the 13th century. His reign ended a seven-year unrest period after Mindaugas was assassinated in 1263 and firmly established the Grand Duchy as a pagan state for another hundred years.

paragraph: Traidenis expanded the Grand Duchy into the territories of Sudovians and Semigalians and strengthened its influence in Black Ruthenia. Unlike Mindaugas, Traidenis did not concentrate on expansion into the east.

paragraph: The circumstances surrounding Traidenis' advance to power are not clear. While his ancestors are unknown, it is known that he came from Aukštaitija, as he was Duke of Kernavė. From the outset his relationships with Halych-Volhynia were tense as he replaced Shvarn, Duke of Halych-Volhynia and Lithuania. The tension eventually resulted in the 1274–1276 war. Despite Mongol support to Halych-Volhynia, Traidenis was successful in battle and his control over Black Ruthenia (Navahradak, Hrodna, Slonim, and other cities) was strengthened. Traidenis also made incursions into Poland, especially surroundings of Lublin and Łęczyca, that continued to about 1306. However, these raids did not affect Masovia as Traidenis established a dynastic link through his daughter Gaudemunda with its dukes. This dynastic relationship was further developed by Gediminas.

paragraph: Traidenis, known for his devotion to paganism and anti-German attitude, was also successful in fighting with the Livonian Order. In 1270 he won the Battle of Karuse, fought on ice near Saaremaa, and killed Otto von Lutterberg, master of the Order. A new master, Andreas von Westfalen, sought a quick revenge, but was also killed by Traidenis. However, by 1272 the Order retaliated, attacking Semigalia and building Dinaburg Castle in 1273 on lands nominally controlled by Traidenis. Despite four siege engines used to throw stones, he was unable to capture the new fortress and had to retreat in 1278. In 1279 the order attacked Lithuanian lands, reaching as far as Kernavė, but on their way back they suffered a great defeat in the Battle of Aizkraukle. The Order's master, Ernst von Rassburg, became the third master to be killed by Traidenis. The defeat encouraged conquered Semigallians to rebel. The Semigalians, led by Nameisis, were now willing to acknowledge Lithuania's superiority and asked Traidenis for assistance. In 1281, Traidenis conquered Jersika Castle in the present-day Preiļi District, and was able to exchange it for Dinaburg Castle. However, Traidenis died soon afterwards, and assistance to Semigalians, exhausted by constant warfare, diminished. Traidenis is the first known Lithuanian duke to have died a natural death. All others before him were assassinated or killed in battle.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brothers

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bardis, Liesis, and Svalkenis were Eastern Orthodox and died in fights with Halych-Volhynia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sirputis assisted his brother in military campaigns

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daughter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gaudemunda, married Bolesław II, Duke of Masovia, becoming Duchess of Masovia

description: Grand Duke of Lithuania

wikidata_label: Traidenis

wikipedia_title: Traidenis


text: mayor of San Francisco

text: San Francisco

text: 1906 San Francisco earthquake

text: Sacred Heart Cathedral Preparatory

text: St. Mary's College, Moraga, California

text: The Catholic University of America

text: Antitrust

text: Justice Department

text: Walt Disney

text: Samuel Goldwyn

text: Radovich v. National Football League

text: Utah Pie Co. v. Continental Baking Co.

text: Supreme Court of the United States

text: Al Davis

text: Billy Sullivan

text: J. Eugene McAteer

text: John Shelley

text: Republican

text: Harold Dobbs

text: handball

text: Hubert Humphrey

text: 1968 Democratic National Convention

text: Edmund Muskie

text: Look

text: Mafioso

text: Jimmy Fratianno

text: Vacaville, California

text: Nut Tree Restaurant

text: Nixon administration

text: disinformation

text: Washington

text: John J. O'Connell

text: grand jury

text: San Francisco Board of Supervisors

text: California Supreme Court

text: Justice Tobriner

text: Zodiac Killer

text: Symbionese Liberation Army

text: Zebra Murders

text: missions of California

text: Bob Moretti

text: Jerry Brown

text: LAPD

text: San Francisco Police Department

text: San Francisco Fire Department

text: Dianne Feinstein

text: San Francisco International Airport

text: ACLU

text: Oakland Raiders

text: prostate cancer

text: Cypress Lawn Cemetery

text: Colma, California

text: Holy Cross Cemetery

text: Haight-Ashbury

text: Vietnam War

text: Castro District

text: Black Panther

text: Zebra murders

text: Zodiac

text: Bay Area Rapid Transit System

text: Transamerica Pyramid

text: Embarcadero Center

text: San Francisco Chronicle

text: The San Francisco Examiner

text: San Francisco State University

text: S.I. Hayakawa

text: Moraga, California

text: Kathleen Sullivan Alioto

text: United States Senate

text: excommunicate

text: Catholic priest

text: Joseph O'Rourke

text: Angela Alioto

text: Joe Alioto Veronese

text: Michela Alioto-Pier

text: Gavin Newsom

text: San Francisco Board of Supervisors

text: San Francisco Bay Area

categories: American people of Sicilian descent,1998 deaths,Columbus School of Law alumni,Catholics from California,Alioto family,Deaths from prostate cancer,Saint Mary's College of California alumni,Mayors of San Francisco,20th-century American lawyers,United States Department of Justice lawyers,Burials at Holy Cross Cemetery (Colma, California),Deaths from cancer in California,American people of Italian descent,1916 births

paragraph: Joseph Alioto

paragraph: Joseph Lawrence Alioto (February 12, 1916 – January 29, 1998) was the 36th mayor of San Francisco, California, from 1968 to 1976.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Alioto was born in San Francisco in 1916. His father was a Sicilian immigrant who owned and operated several fish processing companies. His mother, Domenica Mae Lazio, was born in San Francisco in 1893. His parents met on a fishing boat while escaping the 1906 San Francisco earthquake.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Education.

paragraph: He attended Sacred Heart High School (presently Sacred Heart Cathedral Preparatory). He graduated with honors from St. Mary's College, Moraga, California in 1937 and from law school at The Catholic University of America with honors in 1940.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Law practice.

paragraph: Alioto worked for the Antitrust Division of the Justice Department and then for the Board of Economic Warfare. He returned to San Francisco after World War II and started an antitrust practice, representing Walt Disney and Samuel Goldwyn, among others, eventually becoming a millionaire. He was on the briefs in "Radovich v. National Football League" and argued Continental Ore Co. v. Union Carbide & Carbon Corp., 370 U.S. 690 (1962), an antitrust landmark, and Utah Pie Co. v. Continental Baking Co., 386 U.S. 685 (1967), all three Supreme Court of the United States cases. In Radovich, the Supreme Court held that professional football, unlike baseball, was subject to antitrust laws. Continental Ore is one of the most comprehensive and important antitrust cases ever decided by the Supreme Court.

paragraph: In 1980, he represented Al Davis and the Oakland Raiders in a landmark antitrust case entitled Los Angeles Coliseum Commission v. The NFL. The case established the right of football franchises to move to football markets throughout the United States without the approval of other franchise owners. In 1993, he represented his father-in-law Billy Sullivan in his lawsuit against the NFL. The court ruled that Sullivan was forced by the league to sell his team at below market value and awarded him $114 million.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Political career.

paragraph: Alioto served on the San Francisco Board of Education from 1948 to 1954, and in the 1960s, served as the chair of the city's Redevelopment Agency. Alioto on the death of California State Senator J. Eugene McAteer, went from campaign finance chairman to candidate for mayor. He entered the mayoral race in 1967 when John Shelley, the incumbent, bowed out of the race, allegedly because of poor health but probably because Alioto was more pro-development than Shelley (Shelley, whose rival Eugene McAteer was being backed by Alioto, was also expected to lose against a Republican opponent, Harold Dobbs, after McAteer collapsed and died while playing a game of handball).

paragraph: Joseph L. Alioto was inaugurated on January 8, 1968, served a term, and was handily re-elected in 1971. Alioto delivered the speech nominating Hubert Humphrey at the 1968 Democratic National Convention. There were rumors that Humphrey would select Alioto as his running mate, but Humphrey selected Edmund Muskie. An article in the September 23, 1969 issue of "Look" magazine claimed that Alioto had business and personal ties to the Los Angeles Mafioso boss Jimmy Fratianno. Alioto later sued "Look" for libel and won a $450,000 judgment. In the course of the litigation, Alioto proved that "Look", desperate and on the verge of bankruptcy, simply conjured up (with no proof) an alleged mob meeting in Vacaville, California at the Nut Tree Restaurant. He later claimed that he had documents that showed that the Nixon administration leaked disinformation to the magazine in order to stall his career.

paragraph: In January 1970, the State of Washington, three cities, a port authority, and eight public utilities brought a civil suit against Alioto because he split a $2.3 million fee in an antitrust case with Washington State Attorney General John J. O'Connell and an O’Connell deputy, George Faler. Attorney General O’Connell had maintained Public Utility Districts as private clients during his time as AG. The Public Utility Districts were suing electrical manufactures that were fixing prices at an improperly high level. The case began in 1962 and O’Connell retained Alioto, a very successful anti-trust attorney, to work on the case. Originally, Alioto agreed to receive 15% of what was awarded with a $1 million cap. Later, O’Connell, apparently without telling his clients, abolished the fee ceiling. Alioto ended up receiving approximately $2.3 million and gave $802,815 of those fees to O’Connell and Faler. The state and other groups sued to have the entire $2.3 million returned. The trial took six months and jury unanimously found the three were entitled to the $2.3 million.

paragraph: Alioto was also indicted by a federal grand jury in March 1971 on bribery charges because of the means by which the fees were awarded. When the case went to court, Alioto was cleared of the federal charges by a judge who ordered acquittal because he was convinced a jury would not convict when it considered the evidence.

paragraph: Under California law it was illegal for public employees to strike. Nevertheless, city employees called a strike in March 1974, picketing city hall and shutting down municipal services. After a week Mayor Alioto and the San Francisco Board of Supervisors agreed to the strikers demands. The city controller, however, refused to payout what he believed were illegal salaries. In April 1975 the California Supreme Court ordered the city controller to pay the salaries, with Justice Tobriner finding that contracts secured through illegal strikes are still legally enforceable.

paragraph: Major crime became a problem with the Zodiac Killer, the Symbionese Liberation Army attacks and the Black Power Zebra Murders all occurring under Alioto’s watch.

paragraph: During the Zebra Murders in 1974, Alioto's wife, Angelina Alioto, vanished, reappearing after 18 days to claim that she had taken off to "punish" her husband for neglect. During the time Angelina was missing, she toured the missions of California as part of a religious pilgrimage. Angelina filed divorce proceedings against him in 1975. He remarried in 1978.

paragraph: Alioto ran in the 1974 Democratic primary for the governor's office, losing to Bob Moretti and Jerry Brown.

paragraph: In July 1975 the LAPD unexpectedly announced a pay raise. For years the San Francisco Police Department had been the top paid in the state, with the San Francisco Fire Department guaranteed the same pay. The SF Police promptly demanded they be paid more than the LAPD. The Board of Supervisors, however, determined that the pay raise would drive the city into deficit, and unanimously approved a raise only half of what the police requested.

paragraph: California law still prohibited public employees from striking. The police and firefighters elected to strike anyway, with 90% illegally abandoning their posts.

paragraph: The city then obtained a court order declaring the strike illegal and enjoining the officers to return to work. The court messenger delivering the order was met with violence and the police continued to strike.

paragraph: Only managers and African-American officers remained, with 45 officers and 3 fire trucks responsible for the whole city. Supervisor Dianne Feinstein pleaded for Mayor Alioto to ask Governor Jerry Brown to call out the National Guard to patrol the streets but Alioto refused.

paragraph: When enraged citizens confronted police at the picket lines the police arrested them. Federal authorities were forced to intervene after striking firefighters attempted to seize San Francisco International Airport. Heavy drinking on the picket line became common and after striking police officers started shooting out streetlights the ACLU obtained a court order prohibiting strikers from carrying their service revolvers. Again, the police ignored the court order.

paragraph: On August 20 a bomb detonated at the Mayor’s home with a sign reading "Don’t Threaten Us" left on his lawn. On August 21 Mayor Alioto advised the Supervisors that they should concede to the strikers demands. The Supervisors unanimously refused. Mayor Alioto then immediately declared a state of emergency, assumed "legislative powers", and granted the strikers’ demands.

paragraph: The Supervisors and taxpayers sued but the court reaffirmed that contracts obtained through illegal strikes are still legally enforceable. Nevertheless, the Supervisors placed on the November ballot charter initiatives revoking the mayor’s emergency powers, requiring police to be automatically fired if they strike, preventing firemen from holding second jobs, and requiring future pay raises to be averaged with California’s other large cities. All the ballot initiatives passed by extremely large margins.

paragraph: After he left office, Alioto went back into private practice. He and his son Joseph Jr. lost a major malpractice case against a cattle rancher in 1980. He received millions in legal fees after counseling the Oakland Raiders win against the City of Oakland. In 1991, he and his son went to battle in court against one another over legal fees in the Raiders case.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Death.

paragraph: Alioto died of prostate cancer in San Francisco on January 29, 1998 and was interred at Cypress Lawn Cemetery in Colma, California. A cenotaph is located at Holy Cross Cemetery (Section D).

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Alioto presided over a time of turmoil and change in San Francisco.

paragraph: Events that occurred during his tenure as mayor included strife in the Haight-Ashbury with the drug culture, anti-Vietnam War demonstrations, the start of the gay Castro District, Black Panther marches, The Zebra murders and Zodiac killings. He ran on a platform of reducing taxes and fighting crime.

paragraph: Alioto put his energy behind the development of three major building projects: the Bay Area Rapid Transit System (BART); the Transamerica Pyramid; and the Embarcadero Center. These efforts engendered opposition in the development stage but were eventually built, transforming the quality of life and skyline of San Francisco.

paragraph: Alioto helped to bring more minorities into city politics, launched a reform of the city charter, and mediated protracted police and fire department strikes in 1975. Alioto's tenure began with a citywide newspaper strike of the "San Francisco Chronicle" and "The San Francisco Examiner" in February 1968. The first faculty strike at a college or university in the United States—was at San Francisco State College now San Francisco State University during 1968–1969, where Alioto gave the resources of the law enforcement of the City and County of San Francisco to the university president, S.I. Hayakawa.

paragraph: The Joseph L. Alioto Recreation Center at his alma mater, Saint Mary's College in Moraga, California opened in 2015 and is named after him. The privately funded facility cost $23.5 million, and includes an outdoor aquatics center, indoor exercise equipment, a rock climbing wall, and a cafe. The center serves the general student body, while varsity athletes use separate dedicated training facilities.

paragraph: Section::::Alioto family.

paragraph: Alioto had five sons and a daughter with his first wife, and a son and daughter with his second wife.

paragraph: Members of Alioto's family are still involved in San Francisco politics. His second wife, Kathleen Sullivan Alioto, was a member of the Boston School committee and a candidate for a United States Senate seat in Massachusetts in the 1978 primary. Sullivan and Alioto married in 1978 and remained together until his death in 1998. Because they were both divorced, the wedding was performed by excommunicated Catholic priest and activist Joseph O'Rourke.

paragraph: Angela Alioto, the daughter from his first marriage, served eight years as a member of the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, two as its President. One of Angela's three sons, Joe Alioto Veronese, campaigned for the California State Senate seat in 2008. One of his granddaughters, Michela Alioto-Pier, was appointed to the Board of Supervisors in 2003 by San Francisco mayor Gavin Newsom and won election to the Board in 2004. His grandson Joseph Alioto Jr. ran an unsuccessful bid for a seat on the San Francisco Board of Supervisors in District 3. Several of his sons, as well as many of his grandchildren, are successful attorneys and businesspersons in the San Francisco Bay Area.

description: 36th mayor of San Francisco, California

wikidata_label: Joseph Alioto

wikipedia_title: Joseph Alioto


text: American

text: metal

text: doom metal

text: Sleep

text: High on Fire

text: Metalocalypse

text: Adult Swim

text: California

text: Golden, Colorado

text: San Jose

text: hardcore punk

text: heavy metal

text: Denver

text: sludge metal

text: Asbestosdeath

text: doom metal

text: Sleep

text: power trio

text: Sleep's Holy Mountain

text: Tony Iommi

text: Black Sabbath

text: major label

text: Jerusalem

text: London Records

text: Dopesmoker

text: Jerusalem

text: High on Fire

text: High on Fire

text: frontman

text: Econochrist

text: Samiam

text: Cruevo

text: Gibson Les Paul

text: Orange Amps

text: Al Cisneros

text: Matamp

text: Blessed Black Wings

text: Death Is This Communion

text: First Act

text: Bill Kelliher

text: Brent Hinds

text: Mastodon

text: C-Standard

text: Laney

text: Marshall

text: Soldano

text: Blessed Black Wings

text: bipolar disorder

text: High on Fire

text: Volume One

text: Volume Two

text: Sleep's Holy Mountain

text: Jerusalem

text: Dopesmoker

text: The Clarity

text: The Sciences

text: Leagues Beneath

text: The Art of Self Defense

text: Surrounded by Thieves

text: Blessed Black Wings

text: Death Is This Communion

text: Snakes for the Divine

text: De Vermis Mysteriis

text: Luminiferous

text: Electric Messiah

text: Dejection

text: Unclean

text: High on Fire's Website

text: HOF Myspace Site

text: A 2013 interview with Matt Pike

text: A 2016 interview with Matt Pike

categories: American heavy metal singers,High on Fire members,1972 births,Sleep (band) members,Guitarists from Colorado,Musicians from Denver,Grammy Award winners,21st-century American singers,Lead guitarists,Living people,American heavy metal guitarists,Asbestosdeath members

paragraph: Matt Pike

paragraph: Matt Pike (born June 3, 1972) is a Grammy Award winning American metal musician best known as the guitarist of the doom metal band Sleep and the frontman of High on Fire.

paragraph: As a guest star, Pike voiced a Klokateer in "Metalocalypse" on late-night block Adult Swim.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Pike moved to California at age 15 after spending time in military school while living with his mother in Golden, Colorado. Arriving in San Jose, he realized the hardcore punk and heavy metal scenes were more active than the ones in Denver. He made friends, attended shows, and eventually joined the sludge metal band Asbestosdeath. When playing around the Bay Area they developed a much heavier and slower sound more akin to doom metal. The quartet soon gained a following and changed their name to Sleep.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.:Sleep.

paragraph: When fellow Sleep guitarist Justin Marler quit the band, Sleep became a power trio. The band's second album, "Sleep's Holy Mountain", illustrated Pike as a young Tony Iommi, playing Black Sabbath-styled riffs.

paragraph: As a result of the increased press, the band's demographic and following widened greatly, and major label deals soon began surfacing. However, instead of following a path to mainstream exposure, the band fled further underground, turning down countless major label deals and submitting the one-song, full-length record "Jerusalem" in mid-1996. In 1997, the band called it quits after London Records refused to release the "Dopesmoker/Jerusalem" recordings and the pressure the members were experiencing became unbearable. Pike couldn't come to terms with the break-up and became depressed. He soon realized that his career as a musician was far from over, and began inviting people to jam in his garage. Deciding to work in a power trio again, he brought in Desmond Kensel (drums) and an old friend George Rice (bass) to play in his new band. Within six months, the jams were headed to fruition and High on Fire was developing from a simple need to play guitar again.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.:High on Fire.

paragraph: From the ashes of Sleep rose Pike’s new band, High on Fire, and while his guitar tone remained largely the same, he began playing faster and more aggressively than Sleep. Pike handles both guitar and vocal duties in the band, as well as writing a bulk of the material. High on Fire have toured constantly since their inception.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.:Kalas.

paragraph: Pike was the frontman of the Bay Area psychedelic-metal band Kalas (formerly Scum Angel) that featured members of Econochrist, Samiam, and Cruevo. Pike set aside the guitar for Kalas, as they already featured two guitarists; his vocals were surprisingly melodic, especially compared to his snarling growls in High on Fire. After only releasing a self-titled album, Kalas split by October 2006.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.:Equipment.

paragraph: Pike has only rarely changed his guitar setup since his time in Sleep. He played mainly Gibson Les Pauls through the first three High On Fire albums, including the cherry-sunburst Standard he used in his previous band. During the early years of Sleep, Pike used Laney and Orange Amps but Pike and Al Cisneros while on tour in England discovered the Matamp “Green”, which became their preferred amplifier. Between the touring cycle for Blessed Black Wings and Death Is This Communion, Pike teamed up with First Act to design a custom guitar. He, along with Bill Kelliher and Brent Hinds of Mastodon, designed a nine-stringed double-cutaway solid-body guitar, made of mahogany and maple. The bottom three strings (tuned to C, F, Bb on Pike's guitar) are normal; however, the treble strings are doubled up, similar to a 12-string guitar, to provide a natural chorus effect and add depth to the sound. They are tuned to Eb, G, C, with their adjacent strings tuned the same, making the overall tuning C-Standard.

paragraph: A few photos online have shown him using his Laney amps and some Marshall amps as well. In Sleep's "Dragonaut" video, he was shown using a Laney AOR Pro-Tube amplifier. Initially, the only other addition he made to his set up after Sleep was adding a Soldano X-77 preamp (to add more gain) to the Green head. He eventually switched to a beefy Soldano SLO-100 head during the Blessed Black Wings era.

paragraph: Currently for High on Fire, he has been only using two Soldano SLO-100s with different speaker cabinets at each show. He also has a Boss TU-3, an MXR Carbon Copy Analog Delay and an ABY box for switching between the amps in his live signal chain.

paragraph: In December 2011, Matt Pike and Lace Music Products announced the release of Pike's signature pickup set, dubbed the "Dirty Heshers".

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: In 2012, Matt Pike made his problems with addiction public as he dropped off the Rock Star Mayhem Festival during the summer and went into rehab. He cited health problems caused by his heavy consumption of alcohol as the reason. He admitted to having "fallen off the wagon" a few times since. In addition to this, he has admitted to suffering from bipolar disorder, and has sustained bodily injuries from relentless years of touring.

paragraph: In 2018, Matt Pike's band High on Fire announced they would be cancelling their upcoming tour due to Pike needing a partial amputation of one of his toes.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sleep

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1991: "Volume One"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992: "Volume Two" (EP)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992: "Sleep's Holy Mountain"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999: "Jerusalem"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003: "Dopesmoker"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014: "The Clarity" (single)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018: "The Sciences"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018: "Leagues Beneath" (single)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2019: "Vault Package #39 - SLEEP LIVE AT THIRD MAN RECORDS"

paragraph: BULLET::::- High on Fire

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000: "The Art of Self Defense"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002: "Surrounded by Thieves"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005: "Blessed Black Wings"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005: "Live from the Relapse Contamination Festival" (Live album)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007: "Death Is This Communion"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2010: "Snakes for the Divine"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2012: "De Vermis Mysteriis"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015: "Luminiferous"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018: "Electric Messiah"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Asbestosdeath

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1990: "Dejection" (EP)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1990: "Unclean" (EP)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007: "Unclean Dejection"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kalas

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006: "Kalas"

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- High on Fire's Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- HOF Myspace Site

paragraph: BULLET::::- A 2013 interview with Matt Pike

paragraph: BULLET::::- A 2016 interview with Matt Pike

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Matt Pike

wikipedia_title: Matt Pike


text:
stoner metal
High on Fire
Tama
Meinl
Vic Firth

categories: 20th-century male musicians,American heavy metal drummers,High on Fire members,Living people,20th-century American drummers,Grammy Award winners,American male drummers,Musicians from Connecticut,21st-century American drummers,21st-century male musicians,1973 births

paragraph: Des Kensel

paragraph: Des Kensel is the Grammy Award winning drummer of the stoner metal band High on Fire.

paragraph: In the early 1990s, Des Kensel played drums for the New Haven, CT band Mindwar.

paragraph: Des Kensel is married and has a son.

paragraph: He plays Tama drums, Evans drumheads, Meinl cymbals, and Vic Firth drumsticks.

paragraph: Cymbals: Meinl:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mb20 heavy soundwave hi-hat 14"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mb10 heavy crash 20"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mb10 heavy crash 20"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mb10 heavy ride 22"

paragraph: Drumsticks: Vic Firth:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vic Firth 7AN drumsticks

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Des Kensel

wikipedia_title: Des Kensel