text: Canon Regular

text: Shropshire

text: parish priests

text: Reformation

text: Lilleshall Abbey

text: prior

text: Norse settlement and culture

text: pastoral work

text: catechesis

text: John of Thoresby

text: Archbishop of York

text: Black Death

text: murrain

text: Henry IV's

text: Owain Glyndŵr

text: Abbey of Arrouaise

text: Richard de Belmeis

text: dean

text: collegiate church

text: William de Shareshull

text: monastery

text: Shrewsbury Abbey

text: Benedictine

text: Saint Winifred

text: St Beuno

text: Rhewl

text: Earls of Arundel

text: Shropshire

text: Shrewsbury

text: Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel

text: Lords Appellant

text: Richard II's

text: Thomas Arundel

text: Archbishop of Canterbury

text: attainted

text: John of Gaunt

text: Thomas FitzAlan, 12th Earl of Arundel

text: Lancastrian

text: Battle of Shrewsbury

text: affinity

text: Robert Corbet

text: Roger

text: Wenlock Priory

text: William Thorpe

text: Lollard

text: St Chad's Church, Shrewsbury

text: pilgrimage

text: Corpus Christi

text: Thomas Prestbury

text: the Midlands

text: homilies

text: liturgical year

text: Advent Sunday

text: All Saints' Day

text: consecration

text: Golden Legend

text: hagiographies

text: Jacobus de Voragine

text: vernacular

text: Middle English

text: apologists

text: laypeople

text: oral tradition

text: Transubstantiation

text: Lollards

text: Oda of Canterbury

text: soteriology

text: Saint Winifred

text: translation

text: thaumaturgic

text: relic

text: St Alkmund

text: English Midlands

text: Northumbria

text: hegemony

text: William Caxton

text: Wynkyn de Worde

text: Gough

text: Bodleian Library

text: Early English Text Society

text: glossary

text: World War I

text: Salford University

text: Cotton

text: British Library

text: copyright

text: octosyllabic

text: couplet

text: colophon

text: Oculus Sacerdotis

text: William of Pagula

text: Fourth Council of the Lateran

text: dogma

text: John Peckham

text: Archdiocese of Canterbury

text: Ignorantia sacerdotum

text: Archdiocese of York

text: Ten Commandments

text: Seven Sacraments

text: Seven Deeds of Mercy

text: Seven Virtues

text: Seven Deadly Sins

text: baptism

text: midwives

text: confirmation

text: consanguinity

text: betrothal

text: incest

text: pederasty

text: adultery

text: churchyard

text: tithes

text: usury

text: Lord's Prayer

text: Hail Mary

text: Apostles' Creed

text: confession

text: Penance

text: Last rites

text: Frederick James Furnivall

text: Lund University

text: canonical hours

text: "“Domesday Book: 1300–1540”"

text: Google Books

text: Marjorie M Chibnall

text: "A History of Shrewsbury, Volume 2"

text: medievalists.net

text: "Constituencies"

text: "Members"

text: The Lay Folk's Catechism

text: Cambridge University Library

categories: 14th-century births,People from Shropshire,14th-century English writers,15th-century Latin writers,15th-century deaths,14th-century Latin writers,Augustinian canons,Middle English literature,15th-century English writers

paragraph: John Mirk

paragraph: John Mirk was an Augustinian Canon Regular, active in the late 14th and early 15th centuries in Shropshire. He is noted as the author of widely copied, and later printed, books intended to aid parish priests and other clergy in their work. The most famous of these, his "Book of Festivals" or "Festial" was probably the most frequently printed English book before the Reformation.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Biographical information.

paragraph: Nothing is known of Mirk's life apart from what can be gathered from his works. Mirk was a canon of Lilleshall Abbey and later prior of the abbey. Until recently he was generally considered to have written mainly around 1400, but is now thought to have been active from rather earlier – probably the 1380s. His use of language and his name suggest he may have originated in northern England, a region strongly influenced by Norse settlement and culture. He seems to have been deeply committed to pastoral work and his work was directly relevant to the situation of Shrewsbury and its environs in his period. This has similarities to the work of lay catechesis pioneered under John of Thoresby, the Archbishop of York a generation earlier.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Historical context.

paragraph: While biographical information is scant, the religious and political background to Mirk's work is fairly well-known. The defining event in Mirk's background was the Black Death, which killed half the population and had major and protracted consequences for society and economy, as well as the spiritual life of the survivors. However, Shropshire's agrarian crisis started much earlier in the century, with a major cattle murrain and crop failures between 1315 and 1322 Moreover, the prolonged recovery from the disasters was jeopardised by the disorder of the early years of Henry IV's reign, when Owain Glyndŵr's revolt and the uprisings of discontented English nobles devastated many areas.

paragraph: Lilleshall Abbey, Mirk's home, was a 12th-century foundation, originally intended to follow the rigorist teachings and practices of the Abbey of Arrouaise in northern France. Richard de Belmeis, one of the founders, was dean of the collegiate church of St Alkmund in Shrewsbury and was able to have the college suppressed and its wealth turned over to the abbey. This meant that Lilleshall was closely involved in the town of Shrewsbury, as much of its property was close to, and some within, the town. Lilleshall was brought to a nadir in the early 14th century by the agrarian crisis and the mismanagement and criminality of some abbots, notably John of Chetwynd, but made a surprisingly good recovery, largely through a reorganisation imposed by William de Shareshull. By Mirk's time, the abbey had entered a period of stability, reflected in a relatively high standard of monastic life and liturgy.

paragraph: However the most powerful monastery locally was Shrewsbury Abbey, a Benedictine house which greatly prized the relics of Saint Winifred. In the late 14th century a new shrine was built to contain them. A group of monks and abbey servants then stole the relics of St Beuno, Winifred's uncle and confessor, from Rhewl and installed them in the abbey church.

paragraph: Shropshire was dominated by the FitzAlan Earls of Arundel, who had a strong influence on all aspects of political life, including parliamentary representation, in Shropshire and in Shrewsbury Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel was one of the Lords Appellant, opposed to Richard II's policies and his reliance on favourites The Appellants dominated the kingdom from 1387 to 1397 and Richard's brother, Thomas Arundel, became Archbishop of Canterbury. However, in 1397 the king moved against the Arundels and their allies. Earl Richard was arrested on 12 July, attainted, and executed on 21 September, while Thomas went into exile. Shortly afterwards, King Richard and his uncle, John of Gaunt, both stayed at Lilleshall Abbey, in connection with a session of Parliament held from 27–31 January in Shrewsbury, which brought looting by members of the royal household. It is not surprising that the Archbishop and Thomas FitzAlan, 12th Earl of Arundel, his nephew, were closely involved from the outset in the new Lancastrian regime of Henry IV, who seized power in 1399. The Battle of Shrewsbury, decisively securing Henry's grip on power, was fought just to the north of the town in 1403, causing considerable damage to the surrounding area. After this, Arundel tightened his grip on Shropshire, operating through an affinity of local landowners pledged to his service. These retainers were confirmed in his circle and in mutual solidarity by participating in his religious benefactions. In 1407, for example, a group of Arundel's retainers, including Robert Corbet, his brother Roger together donated a house in Shrewsbury to the Abbey. This outward piety did not stop them taking part in an armed raid directed against Wenlock Priory a few years later.

paragraph: It was also in 1407 that William Thorpe is thought to have preached a Lollard sermon from the pulpit of St Chad's Church, Shrewsbury He proclaimed the centrality of the Word of God in preaching and Scripture against reliance on the sacraments and denounced the veneration of images and relics. He was particularly critical of pilgrimage, which he considered both futile in itself and surrounded by numerous social ills. This all clashed with popular religion as practised locally, with its lucrative cult of St Winifred and its highly organised celebration of Corpus Christi, featuring procession of the town's many trades. Thorpe was arrested, together with his associate, John Pollyrbach, and interviewed by Thomas Prestbury, the abbot of Shrewsbury, before being despatched to Archbishop Arundel. Thorpe's "Testimony", purporting to recount these interviews, portrays the ensuing interchange as a victory for himself against Arundel, who was an enthusiastic persecutor of Lollards. Whatever the truth of this, Arundel sent commissions to Shropshire in May 1407 to arrest suspected Lollards, suggesting that the movement was perceived as a threat locally. Mirk's works are definitely orthodox and the "Festial" rejects Lollard teaching both implicitly and explicitly. It is possible that it was deliberately disseminated to combat Lollardy in the Midlands.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Festial.

paragraph: The "Liber Festivalis" (Book of Festivals) or "Festial" is a collection of homilies for the festivals of the liturgical year as it was celebrated in Mirk's time in Shropshire. He began with Advent Sunday and worked his way through to All Saints' Day, with a final sermon for the consecration of a church, although the order is disturbed to some extent in some manuscripts. Each sermon features one or more narrations, intended to illustrate the theme. His most important source was the Golden Legend, an immensely popular collection of hagiographies compiled by Jacobus de Voragine in the mid-13th century. However, Mirk chose to write in the vernacular, Middle English, a decision of ambiguous significance. It distinguished him from most other apologists for orthodoxy, as use of the vernacular was a key demand of the Lollards, although it was still not considered heretical in itself. Mirk was faced by the rise of a new class of literate laypeople, as well as by the sometimes unlettered parish clergy whom he acknowledges as his audience. His response was to present a compressed but comprehensive view of Christian teaching that privileges oral tradition above Biblical texts.

paragraph: Mirk's narrations have often seemed simplistic or "materialist" to later ages. Ford comments that "English sermon collections composed with a popular audience in mind almost invariably favor a story-telling style and have been almost invariably criticized by scholars." The homily for Corpus Christi defends the doctrine of Transubstantiation, which the festival celebrates and the Lollards rejected, with just such a story, concerning Oda of Canterbury.

paragraph: Mirk goes on explicitly to reject Lollard teaching on images.

paragraph: Here Mirk is relatively sophisticated, arguing that the very traditional and popular religion that the Lollards rejected, properly interpreted, is not a distraction but actually a spur to a proper appreciation of Christian soteriology.

paragraph: Mirk's responsiveness to local concerns is particularly evident in his homily for the feast of Saint Winifred. It retells the death and resurrection of the Welsh saint and of the translation of her thaumaturgic relics to Shrewsbury. The same emphasis on the miraculous and on the local continues in the homily for the feast of St Alkmund, hardly known outside the English Midlands, but especially important to Lilleshall Abbey, the successor institution to the college of St Alkmund in Shrewsbury. The opening remarks of the homily make clear that it was specifically written for St Alkmund's, now a parish church in Shrewsbury:

paragraph: In Mirk's telling of his legend, Alkmund was a King of Northumbria who had a wide hegemony. He intervened in a dispute between two vassal states. One side, the "duke of the March and Wales," refused to come to an agreement, and knowing that the other side were guiltless and had little chance of resisting, Alkmund voluntarily joined them in battle and met his inevitable death. However, Mirk then twists the story to argue a much more general point.

paragraph: As with his Corpus Christi homily, Mirk seeks to outflank Lollard criticisms. Where they rejected the cult of saints as a distraction from the central salvific role of Christ, Mirk portrays the saint's sacrificial and altruistic death as imaging Christ's passion. Lollard concerns are not simply dismissed but countered by a reinterpretation of tradition.

paragraph: Over forty known manuscripts of the "Festial" are extant but about half diverge greatly from Mirk's original, with much of the local colour removed. It seems that there was a scholarly revision around the mid 15th century, intended to appeal to a more educated audience, and this was the basis of the printed editions. By the time William Caxton printed the "Festial" in 1483 it was well-established. It was printed in a further 22 editions, both in England and abroad, including a 1493 edition by Wynkyn de Worde, Caxton's associate and successor, who also printed the final edition in 1532. It was still widely read throughout the 16th century but then faded from view.

paragraph: Interest began to revive after the 1905, when the first volume of Theodore Erbe's edition, based primarily on a Gough manuscript in the Bodleian Library, was published for the Early English Text Society. However, this contained only a text and glossary. Erbe's second volume, intended to contain most of the scholarly apparatus, never appeared and he was killed in World War I. As a result, Ford could write in 2006 that it was "widely known and little studied in the modern academic community, in spite of its medieval popularity." However, Susan Powell, now Emeritus Professor of Medieval Texts and Culture at Salford University, had long campaigned for the recognition of the historical importance of Mirk's work, and in 2009 brought out the first volume of a new edition, also for the Early English Text Society. This is based on a Cotton manuscript in the British Library. The second volume was released in 2011. Erbe's edition remains in print and, being long out of copyright, is available free of charge online.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Instructions for Parish Priests.

paragraph: "Instructions for Parish Priests" is in lively vernacular verse, using octosyllabic lines and rhyming couplets throughout, and running to 1934 lines. The colophon runs:

paragraph: Mirk maintains here that he had interpreted the work from a Latin manual called "Pars oculi": a title familiar from manuals for the clergy like the "Oculus Sacerdotis" of William of Pagula, which was widely available in Mirk's time in the form republished by John de Burgh as "Pupilla oculi". However, this work is much larger than Mirk's. Another possible influence was the sacerdotal manual by Mirk himself but even this too is far too long to have been the original, and seems moreover to be of later date. The underlying text behind his translation is not known, if it ever existed: it seems more likely that Mirk drew inspiration from the earlier manuals but did not directly translate. Notably, he is here described as a canon of Lilleshall, signifying that this work dates from the period before he became prior of the abbey.

paragraph: The medieval Catholic Church had expended considerable energy in systematising the basic teachings of its faith. In 1215, the first canon of the Fourth Council of the Lateran had defined conclusively the main points of Catholic dogma that needed to be communicated to all. Archbishop John Peckham turned this into a clear list for his Archdiocese of Canterbury in the Lambeth Constitutions of 1281, which promulgated a manual known as the Ignorantia sacerdotum. John of Thoresby went further, largely reiterating Peckham's pronouncements but also having them adapted and expanded into a vernacular verse document, known as the Lay Folks' Catechism for his Archdiocese of York, in 1357. Both these catechetical manuals set out six key areas to cover: The Creed (condensed to a 14-point summary), the Ten Commandments, The Seven Sacraments, the Seven Deeds of Mercy, the Seven Virtues, the Seven Deadly Sins.

paragraph: Mirk's work falls well within this catechetical tradition. He was aware that many priests could draw on little learning in giving counsel to their flock.

paragraph: Initially, Mirk's themes are loosely connected but unsystematic. He gives the priests general instructions on leading a chaste and austere life. He then moves suddenly from stressing a priest's preaching duties to a series of injunctions on baptism, childbirth, and the role of midwives, stressing the imperative need to deliver a child surgically from a dead mother so it can be baptised in case of emergency – even if necessary to call on a man's help. Consideration is then given to the role of godparents at baptism and confirmation, consanguinity and betrothal, lechery, avoidance of incest, pederasty and adultery. Then follows a diversion into the Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist and its consequences for Eucharistic practice. Various injunctions are then delivered, e.g. games must not be played in churchyards; tithes are to paid scrupulously; witchcraft is evil; but usury is especially galling to Jesus, and exploitative pricing is usury by another name.

paragraph: Once this excursus is finished, however, Mirk essentially follows the six points of the Lay Folks' Catechism. He gives the text of the Lord's Prayer and the short form of the Hail Mary then in use, both in English. Then comes consideration of the Apostles' Creed, which is then versified and divided into fourteen articles; a summary of the seven sacraments, followed by detailed consideration of baptism, confirmation and confession. This provided a narrative thread as the theme of confession leads naturally into questioning a penitent. The framework for this interrogation is provided by Ten Commandments, the Seven Deadly Sins, the Seven Deeds of Mercy, and the Seven Virtues, each considered in relation to the corresponding sin. Penance is then explained, followed by the Last rites, of which it forms a part. After a series of instructions for those that are "mene of lore," the least learned priests, Mirk's conclusion asks that the reader pray for the author.

paragraph: Only seven manuscripts of the "Instructions" survive, although the fact that it was a manual intended for regular use suggests that many may have been lost through wear and tear. An edition, prepared for the Early English Text Society by Edward Peacock, was published in 1868 and revised in 1902 by Frederick James Furnivall. As these are out of copyright, both versions are now freely available online. A modern critical edition was produced in Sweden in 1974 by Gillis Kristensson of Lund University.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Manuale Sacerdotis.

paragraph: The " Manuale Sacerdotis" or Priest's Handbook seems to date from about 1400 – rather later than Mirk's other works, and when he was prior of Lilleshall. Like the "Instructions", it seems to draw on William of Pagula's work, but it has an entirely different agenda from Mirk's earlier work. Instead of providing simple instruction in doctrine and practice, it aims to provide an understanding of the meaning and role of the priesthood. This accounts for Mirk's decision to write in Latin prose, as the audience is assumed to be better-educated. It is addressed to a friend of Mirk, named as "John, vicar of A." It has been conjectured that he was John Sotton, who was vicar of St Alkmund's from 1414, and he is called "John de S" in some manuscripts. This is not simply a preliminary dedication: John is continually addressed throughout the book.

paragraph: Mirk begins by contrasting the good priest with the modern priest, who is distracted by the vanities of secular life. He proceeds to a detailed account of the priest's activities, including the canonical hours and celebration of the Eucharist. Here, as he considers the focus of the priestly office, he explicitly responds to Lollardy, explaining in detail the doctrine of Transubstantiation. He re-uses the story of St Oda that he employed in his homily for Corpus Christi.

paragraph: Mirk's underlying purpose seems to be to make clear the correlation between the external activity to the inner life, which for Mirk, involves the following of a rule: “life without a rule is nothing less than dying.” While Mirk follows a written rule, he commends to the priest the principles inherent in Christ's own life.

paragraph: The "Manuale" has been overshadowed by the "Festial" and the "Instructions", not least because it is in Latin and probably never had the wide readership of the vernacular works. Thirteen extant manuscripts are known. It has not yet been printed, although a critical edition by Susan Powell and James Girsch, based on Bodleian Library MS Bodley 632, is planned.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- G C Baugh and C R Elrington (editors), D C Cox, J R Edwards, R C Hill, Ann J Kettle, R Perren, Trevor Rowley and P A Stamper (1989). "“Domesday Book: 1300–1540”", in "A History of the County of Shropshire: Volume 4, Agriculture", p. 72–118, Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 9 December 2014.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Barbara Coulton (2010). "Regime and Religion: Shrewsbury 1400–1700", Logaston Press, .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Theodore Erbe (editor) (1905). "Mirk's Festial: a Collection of Homilies", Kegan Paul et al., for the Early English Text Society. Retrieved 4 December 2014 at Internet Archive.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Judy Ann Ford (2006). "John Mirk's Festial: Orthodoxy, Lollardy and the Common People in Fourteenth Century England", D.S. Brewer, Cambridge, . Retrieved 8 December 2014 at Google Books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- A T Gaydon, R B Pugh (Editors), M J Angold, G C Baugh, Marjorie M Chibnall, D C Cox, Revd D T W Price, Margaret Tomlinson, B S Trinder (1973). "A History of the County of Shropshire: Volume 2", Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 9 December 2014.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hugh Owen and John Brickdale Blakeway(1825). "A History of Shrewsbury, Volume 2", Harding and Lepard, London. Retrieved 16 November 2014 at Internet Archive.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Edward Peacock (editor), revised by F.J. Furnivall (1902). "Instructions for Parish Priests by John Myrc", Trübner. Retrieved 12 December 2014 at Internet Archive.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Susan Powell. (2009) "John to John: the Manuale Sacerdotis and the Daily Life of a Parish Priest" in "Recording Medieval Lives, Harlaxton Medieval Studies No.17", Shaun Tyas, 2009, posted at medievalists.net. Retrieved 9 December 2014.

paragraph: BULLET::::- J.S. Roskell, L. Clark, C. Rawcliffe (editors) (1993). "The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1386–1421", "Constituencies" and "Members", History of Parliament Trust. Retrieved 9 December 2014.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas Frederick Simmons and Henry Edward Nolloth (eds.) (1901). The Lay Folk's Catechism, Kegan Paul et al., for the Early English Text Society. Retrieved 12 December 2014 at Internet Archive.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: Modern editions of works by Mirk:

paragraph: BULLET::::- G. Kristensson (editor) (1974). "Instructions for parish priests", Lund Studies in English, 49, Gleerup. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Susan Powell (editor). "John Mirk's Festial", 2 vols, Early English Texts Society, Oxford.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Photograph of a leaf of "Festial" with a printed volume of the Golden Legend. at Incunabula Project blog, Cambridge University Library. Retrieved 10 December 2014.

wikidata_label: John Mirk

wikipedia_title: John Mirk


href: Missouri composer ragtime Texas

text: Missouri composer ragtime Texas

categories: 1974 deaths,American female composers,1884 births,American composers,Ragtime composers,20th-century women musicians,Musicians from Missouri

paragraph: Grace M. Bolen

paragraph: Grace Marie Bolen (born Missouri; July 20, 1884 – February 16, 1974) was an American composer of ragtime music. Her first composition was submitted when she was 14. "Smoky Topaz", from 1901, is one of her noted works.

paragraph: Bolen appears to have stopped publishing her music when she married. She married three times between 1903 and 1915, and had one child. She was a widow by 1932, and died in Texas in 1974.

description: American composer

wikidata_label: Grace M. Bolen

wikipedia_title: Grace M. Bolen


text: "Ouette"

paragraph: Karen Bernard

paragraph: Karen Bernard is an American choreographer and performance artist. Bernard is the Founder and Director of New Dance Alliance in New York City. .

paragraph: Section::::Early Life.

paragraph: Karen Bernard was born in Brooklyn, NY and grew up in Brookline, MA. She began studying dance at age three under the tutelage of her father, Steven Bernard, a company member with modern dance pioneer Charles Weidman. Her childhood home consisted of a barn, which Bernard’s father renovated to include a large dance studio and office, attached to the family home. The constant flow of students filtering in and out sparked Bernard’s study of performance merging with life itself.

paragraph: In 1966, Bernard received a three-year scholarship to attend The Boston Museum of Fine Art, but after one year, diverted to join the pilot program of The London School of Contemporary Dance. By 1969, Bernard premiered a solo in collaboration with sculptor David Tremlett at Tate Britain (f.k.a Tate Gallery) and performed an adaptation of Les Sylphide while on tour with Captain Beefheart & His Magical Band at The Royal Albert Hall on March 27, 1972.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Bernard moved to New York City in 1979, where her adult life began to mirror her formative years. Her husband, the painter Scott Wixon, began to renovate a loft in Tribeca to include painting and dance studios, an office and their lng space, where they raised three children. Between 1986 and 1998, Bernard presented a series of solos presented in collaboration with Dia:Chelsea (f.k.a Dia Center for the Arts), most notably "Footsteps on the Dance Floor" (1996). During this time, she began to steadily integrate projection, popular music, photographs and found objects as performance elements, juxtaposing these with her unique movement quality.

paragraph: The early aughts saw the premieres of "Blue, Star, Dying for Lace, Vinyl" (1999) at Danspace at St. Mark’s Church, "Removed Exposure" (2004) at Dixon Place and "Surfing The Shadow" (2007) at The Joyce SoHo, among other works. A handmade book for "Removed Exposure", was co-created with Canadian bookmaker Gray Fraser. Bernard continued to explore themes of grief, honesty, age and humor throughout these works, often to critical acclaim.

paragraph: From 2008-2012, Bernard created "Ouette", drawing images and sounds from Francois Ozon’s "The Swimming Pool", premiering at The Joyce SoHo in 2012.

paragraph: Bernard has been an Artist in Residence at Movement Research (1997-1998) and Brooklyn Studios for Dance (2018) and served on the Board of Directors at Earthdance from 2011-2013, where she co-founded The E|MERGE Interdisciplinary Collaborative Residency, which continues to this day.

paragraph: Section::::New Dance Alliance.

paragraph: In 1986, Karen Bernard founded New Dance Alliance, Inc., a non-profit organization offering subsidized rehearsal space and artistic residencies and programming, including the renowned Performance Mix Festival. For over thirty years, NDA has operated out of its Tribeca loft to provide an increasing number of opportunities to an artistic community starved of resources. Through its efforts, NDA has supported countless artists in various stages of their careers and is constantly expanding its offerings in response to the current artistic climate.

paragraph: In 2006, Bernard was awarded the BAX 10 Award, for her invaluable service to artists in the founding and development of the Performance Mix Festival.

paragraph: Section::::Selected Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Showgirls" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Green," Performance (2017), Film (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ouette" (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Surfing The Shadow" (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Removed Exposure" (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "CAUTION: The Madonna Songs" (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blue, Star, Dying for Lace, Vinyl" (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "It Could Have Been Different" (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Footsteps on the Dancefloor" (1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Buono Duo" (1988)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ouette" by Karen Bernard

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://newdancealliance.org/about/

wikidata_label: Karen Bernard

wikipedia_title: Karen Bernard


text:
Marburg
Wittlich
Canada
repetiteur
Tonmeister
Hochschule für Musik Detmold
Graz Opera
Generalmusikdirektor
Augsburg
Gurre-Lieder
Wiener Singverein
Tristan und Isolde
La Rondine
Der Zwerg
Der Gefangene
West Side Story
Heinrich von Herzogenberg
Styria
Der fliegende Holländer
Lohengrin
Tannhäuser
Die Walküre
Rigoletto
La Traviata
Aida
Don Carlos
Eugen Onegin
Arabella
Le sacre du printemps
Beethoven Orchester Bonn
Nordwestdeutsche Philharmonie
Violin Concerto
Liza Ferschtman
Fourth Symphony
Hamm
Marburg
Der ferne Klang
Jenůfa
Dirk Kaftan
Dirk Kaftan, Dirigent / Terminplan
Operabase
Dirk Kaftan
JANÁČEK: Jenůfa
Dirk Kaftan
Dirk Kaftan

categories: 21st-century conductors (music),People from Marburg,Hochschule für Musik Detmold alumni,German male conductors (music),1971 births,German conductors (music),Living people

paragraph: Dirk Kaftan

paragraph: Dirk Kaftan (born 1971) is a German opera and concert conductor.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Born in Marburg, Germany, Kaftan grew up in Wittlich and Canada. At the age of 18 he began employment as a repetiteur at the Theater Trier. Kaftan then studied sound engineering ("Tonmeister") at the Hochschule für Musik Detmold.

paragraph: Kaftan was "Erster Kapellmeister" at the Graz Opera from 2006 to 2009. From 2009 to 2014 he was Generalmusikdirektor (GMD) in Augsburg. His contract with the Theater Augsburg was to have run till 2016; however he vacated the Augsburg post early to return to Graz Opera as their GMD. His debut in June 2013 was a performance of Schönberg's monumental "Gurre-Lieder" with soloists, the expanded opera chorus, the Wiener Singverein and the Grazer Philharmonisches Orchester. Kaftan was GMD of Graz Opera from 2013 to 2017. In Graz he conducted Wagner's "Tristan und Isolde", Puccini's "La Rondine", Zemlinsky's "Der Zwerg", Dallapiccola's "Der Gefangene" and Bernstein's "West Side Story", among others. In concert he conducted the oratorio "Columbus" by Heinrich von Herzogenberg. In 2015 Kaftan was awarded the by the Styrian state government for his work in developing the Grazer Philharmonisches Orchester.

paragraph: Kaftan's operatic repertoire has also included Wagner's "Der fliegende Holländer", "Lohengrin", "Tannhäuser" and "Die Walküre"; Verdi's "Rigoletto", "La Traviata", "Aida" and "Don Carlos"; Tchaikovsky's "Eugen Onegin"; "Arabella" by Richard Strauss; and Stravinsky's ballet "Le sacre du printemps".

paragraph: In February 2016 Kaftan was named as the next GMD of the city of Bonn, including the directorship of the Beethoven Orchester Bonn, effective August 2017 with an initial contract of five years. He conducted the first series of concerts of the Nordwestdeutsche Philharmonie in 2017, performing Alban Berg's Violin Concerto with Liza Ferschtman as soloist, and Bruckner's Fourth Symphony at seven locations, including Hamm and Marburg.

paragraph: Section::::Recordings.

paragraph: Kaftan's recordings include the operas "Der ferne Klang" by Franz Schreker, recorded live in Augsburg in 2011, and Jenůfa by Leoš Janáček, recorded during staged performances in Graz in 2015.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dirk Kaftan homepage

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dirk Kaftan, Dirigent / Terminplan Operabase

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dirk Kaftan Frankfurt Opera

paragraph: BULLET::::- JANÁČEK: Jenůfa Operanews

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dirk Kaftan Music Masters Management

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dirk Kaftan Cecilia Music Concept

description: German conductor

wikidata_label: Dirk Kaftan

wikipedia_title: Dirk Kaftan


text:
Copenhagen
Danish
jazz fusion
Steeplechase Records
Ben Webster Prize
Bent Jaedig
Jonas Johansen
Uffe Markussen
Jens Winther
Richard Boone
Johnny Dyani
Al Foster
Tomas Franck
Joe Henderson
Dave Liebman
Celso Mendes
James Moody
Caecilie Norby
Adam Nussbaum
Doug Raney
Conny Sjöqvist
Steve Swallow
Jesper Thilo
Doug Raney
Blue and White
Lazy Bird
Something's Up
Jesper Thilo
The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz
Barry Kernfeld

categories: Musicians from Copenhagen,Living people,1956 births,Danish jazz pianists

paragraph: Ben Besiakov

paragraph: Ben Besiakov, also Ben Besiakow (born October 27, 1956, Copenhagen) is a Danish jazz pianist and keyboardist.

paragraph: Besiakov played in jazz and jazz fusion ensembles starting in the early 1970s, including the groups Buki-Yamaz, Creme Fraiche, Engine, Soul Service, and Space Train. He led his own trio ensemble, which recorded for Steeplechase Records, and in 1990 was awarded the Ben Webster Prize. He also played in groups led by Bent Jaedig, Jonas Johansen, Uffe Markussen, and Jens Winther.

paragraph: Besiakov has performed and recorded with musicians such as Richard Boone, Johnny Dyani, Al Foster, Tomas Franck, Joe Henderson, Dave Liebman, Celso Mendes, James Moody, Caecilie Norby, Adam Nussbaum, Doug Raney, Conny Sjöqvist, Steve Swallow, and Jesper Thilo.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: With Doug Raney

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blue and White" (SteepleChase, 1984)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lazy Bird" (SteepleChase, 1984)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Something's Up" (SteepleChase, 1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "You Stepped Out Of A Dream" (SteepleChase)

paragraph: "With Jesper Thilo

paragraph: BULLET::::- "West Coast Blues" (Music Mecca)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Frank Büchmann-Møller, "Ben Besiakov". "The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz". 2nd edition, 2001, ed. Barry Kernfeld.

description: Danish pianist

wikidata_label: Ben Besiakov

wikipedia_title: Ben Besiakov


text:
Thessaloniki
Greece
street artist
illustrator
Corfu
urban / street art
Greece
graffiti
comic culture
pop surrealism
parallel universe
mural
brand
Thessaloniki
Greece
Benaki Museum
List of street artists
Argiris Ser Blog
Argiris Ser
Facebook
Argiris Ser
Instagram

paragraph: Argiris Ser

paragraph: Argiris SER Saraslanidis (born June 22, 1978 in Thessaloniki, Greece) is a Greek street artist and illustrator currently based in Corfu island. He is one of the pioneers in the urban / street art scene of Greece.

paragraph: Section::::Overview.

paragraph: Drawing inspiration from cartoons, nature, candy and video games, Ser's work (a curiously eclectic blend of graffiti, comic culture and pop surrealism) employs an arsenal of monstrous but somewhat benign characters through glimpses and images of a bizarre parallel universe. Ser's work is all over Greece, in the form of large-scale murals, paintings placed in important collections and commercial work, created in association with major local and international brands.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Argiris Ser was born and raised in Thessaloniki, Greece. He studied graphic design and comics. Argiris became involved with street art in 1993, when he started to make graffiti.

paragraph: Section::::Sample of work.

paragraph: Argiris Ser work can be found all around Greece but also in countries like U.K., France, Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, Germany, Spain, Cyprus and more, as he has been travelling around, participating in various mural projects and exhibitions.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Selected group exhibitions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006: "Horizons", Montana Gallery, Amsterdam.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007: "Spray 2007", 1st Street Artists Show in Tehran, Mehrin Gallery, Tehran.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008: "Energy Show", Miami (US).

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009: "9 directions expo", 2nd International Graffiti & Street Art Exhibition, Cultural Center of the City of Thessaloniki, Greece.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011: International Contemporary Art Fair of Athens, Athens, Greece.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011: "Symbiosis?", XV Biennale de la Méditerranée, Thessaloniki, Greece.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2012: "Spectrum", artAZ, "Technopolis" City of Athens, Athens, Greece.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013: "Cultural Bridges: Athens - Quito", artAZ (in collaboration with Home Identity), Quito (Ecuador).

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013: "Moniker Art Fair", artAZ booth, London (UK).

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014: "Like New!", Benaki Museum, Athens, Greece.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of street artists

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: Iossifidis K. (1997) "Graffiti in Greece. The colour of the city". Athens: Oxy.

paragraph: Iossifidis K. (2000) "Graffiti in Greece. The colour of the city". Vol. 2. Athens: Oxy.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Argiris Ser Blog

paragraph: BULLET::::- Argiris Ser on Facebook

paragraph: BULLET::::- Argiris Ser on Instagram

wikidata_label: Argiris Ser

wikipedia_title: Argiris Ser


text:
indie pop
Buckinghamshire
EPs
Pools to Bathe In
"Clean"
Dirty Hit
vocals
guitar
synthesizer
keyboard
The 1975
Cornwall
Kate Winslet
Japanese tea houses
Good at Falling
The 1975
James Blake
Bon Iver

categories: LGBT singers,English female singer-songwriters,LGBT musicians from England,British indie pop musicians,English electronic musicians,21st-century women singers,Female guitarists,English women in electronic music,LGBT songwriters,21st-century English singers,Living people,Year of birth missing (living people),Singers from London

paragraph: The Japanese House

paragraph: The Japanese House is an English indie pop act from Buckinghamshire consisting of solo artist Amber Bain. She has released four EPs; "Pools to Bathe In", "Clean", "Swim Against the Tide", and "Saw You in a Dream," through Dirty Hit. She has also released one full-length LP "Good at Falling". Bain contributes vocals and plays guitar, synthesizer and keyboard for her music. Many of her tracks are produced by Bain herself and George Daniel of The 1975.

paragraph: The name "The Japanese House" was inspired by a property in Cornwall, England previously owned by Kate Winslet with furnishings reminiscent of traditional Japanese tea houses in which Bain and her family stayed in her childhood. During her week-long stay in the cottage, Bain posed as a boy, calling herself Danny. Her experiences there heavily influenced the use of an anonymous label for her music as opposed to the use of her own name.

paragraph: Amber Bain has worked closely with British band The 1975, and went on her first tour as an opening act for them.

paragraph: The Japanese House's debut album "Good at Falling" was released on 1 March 2019. Bain co-produced the album with George Daniel (of The 1975) and BJ Burton, who has worked with the likes of James Blake and Bon Iver.

description: Indie pop project from Buckinghamshire fronted by multi-instrumentalist Amber Bain

wikidata_label: The Japanese House

wikipedia_title: The Japanese House


text:
Major League Baseball
catcher
Romulus, New York
Philadelphia Athletics
at bat
Toledo Blue Stockings
African-American
Fleetwood
Welday Walker
Indianapolis Hoosiers
hits
batting average
doubles
triple
home run
paralysis
Auburn, New York
St. Joseph Cemetery

categories: Chattanooga Lookouts players,Peoria Reds players,Savannah (minor league baseball) players,19th-century baseball players,People from Romulus, New York,Saginaw (minor league baseball) players,Indianapolis Hoosiers (NL) players,Washington Nationals (1886–89) players,Memphis Reds players,Eau Claire Lumbermen players,Major League Baseball catchers,East Saginaw Grays players,Toledo Blue Stockings players,Baseball players from New York (state),1862 births,St. Louis Whites players,1912 deaths,Major League Baseball umpires,Saginaw-Bay City Hyphens players,Detroit Wolverines (minor league) players,Philadelphia Athletics (AA) players,Milwaukee Brewers (minor league) players,Saginaw Greys players

paragraph: Tug Arundel

paragraph: John Thomas "Tug" Arundel (June 30, 1862 – September 5, 1912) was an American Major League Baseball catcher born in Romulus, New York. He played in parts of four seasons between and with four teams.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He made his debut at the age of 19 in 1882, playing in one game for the Philadelphia Athletics on May 23, and went hitless in five at bats. Two years later he played sparingly for the Toledo Blue Stockings, the team that included the first African-American major league baseball players, Fleetwood and Welday Walker. It wasn't that he received significant playing time, when he hit .197 in 157 at-bats for the Indianapolis Hoosiers. Overall, he played in 76 career games, collecting 45 hits in 260 at-bats for a .173 batting average. He hit four doubles, one triple and no home runs in his career.

paragraph: He died at the age of 50 from the effects of paralysis in Auburn, New York, and is interred there at St. Joseph Cemetery.

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Tug Arundel

wikipedia_title: Tug Arundel


text:
Bartow, Florida
American football
defensive end
Atlanta Falcons
2005 NFL Draft
college football
Florida State
Chicago Bears
Temne
Mende
Sierra Leone
Jones County Junior College
2005 NFL Draft
Atlanta Falcons
Chicago Bears
Florida State Seminoles bio

categories: Atlanta Falcons players,Florida State Seminoles football players,Jones County Bobcats football players,Players of American football from Florida,American football defensive ends,American people of Sierra Leonean descent,1983 births,Living people

paragraph: Chauncey Davis

paragraph: Chauncey Antoine Davis (born January 27, 1983 in Bartow, Florida) is an American football defensive end. He was originally drafted by the Atlanta Falcons in the fourth round of the 2005 NFL Draft. He played college football at Florida State.

paragraph: He also played for the Chicago Bears.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Davis was born in Bartow, Florida, but raised in Auburndale by Glenda Davis. According to a DNA analysis, his ancestries are, mainly, Temne and Mende people of Sierra Leone. He was First-team All-State Class 4A and All-America selection as a senior at Auburndale High School, rushing for 1,000 yards in addition to playing linebacker and defensive end.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Davis totaled 40 tackles, seven sacks, two forced fumbles, one fumble recovery, and one blocked kick in 24 games for Florida State. Converted to defensive end as a senior from the outside linebacker position. He was named the team’s most improved defensive end and outstanding player as a senior after posting 22 tackles, five sacks, one forced fumble and one fumble recovery in 11 starts.

paragraph: He also attended Jones County Junior College.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Atlanta Falcons.

paragraph: Davis was selected in the fourth round of the 2005 NFL Draft by the Atlanta Falcons. After spending six seasons with the team, he was released on September 2, 2011.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Chicago Bears.

paragraph: The Chicago Bears signed Davis on November 14, 2011. He was waived by the team on August 31, 2012.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Florida State Seminoles bio

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Chauncey Davis

wikipedia_title: Chauncey Davis


text: American

text: prelate

text: Roman Catholic Church

text: Bishop of Jefferson City

text: St. Louis

text: Missouri

text: St. Louis Preparatory Seminary

text: Cardinal Glennon College

text: Rome

text: Pontifical North American College

text: Pontifical Gregorian University

text: Bachelor's degree in Dogmatic Theology

text: ordained

text: priesthood

text: Bishop Francis Reh

text: St. Peter's Basilica

text: United States

text: pastor

text: St. Joseph Parish

text: Manchester

text: Parish

text: secretary

text: John Cardinal Carberry

text: Chancellor

text: St. Louis

text: Archbishop John May

text: St. Gerard Majella Parish

text: Kirkwood

text: vicar general

text: Bishop of Jefferson City

text: Pope John Paul II

text: episcopal consecration

text: Archbishop Justin Rigali

text: Michael McAuliffe

text: Archbishop Oscar Lipscomb

text: co-consecrators

text: Cathedral of Saint Joseph

text: Chairman

text: Committee on Priestly Life and Ministry

text: Committee for Communications

text: Missouri Catholic Conference

categories: 1943 births,Clergy from St. Louis,Roman Catholic Archdiocese of St. Louis,American Roman Catholic bishops,20th-century Roman Catholic bishops,21st-century Roman Catholic bishops,Kenrick–Glennon Seminary alumni,Pontifical Gregorian University alumni,Living people

paragraph: John R. Gaydos

paragraph: John Raymond Gaydos (born August 14, 1943) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the third Bishop of Jefferson City.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: John Gaydos was born in St. Louis, Missouri, to George and Carrie (née Lee) Gaydos. He graduated from St. Agnes School in 1957, and then attended St. Louis Preparatory Seminary from 1957 to 1961, whence he entered Cardinal Glennon College. After graduating in 1965, Gaydos went to Rome to study at the Pontifical North American College and Pontifical Gregorian University, from where he obtained his Bachelor's degree in Dogmatic Theology in 1969. During his studies in Rome, he was ordained to the priesthood by Bishop Francis Reh on December 20, 1968, in St. Peter's Basilica.

paragraph: Upon his return to the United States, he served as associate pastor of St. Joseph Parish in Manchester until 1974, and of St. Cecilia Parish in St. Louis until 1977. Gaydos was the secretary of John Cardinal Carberry and Vice-Chancellor of St. Louis from 1977 to 1981, and then secretary to Archbishop John May and full Chancellor until 1990. He became pastor of St. Gerard Majella Parish in Kirkwood in 1990, and vicar general of St. Louis on February 14, 1996.

paragraph: On June 25, 1997, Gaydos was appointed the third Bishop of Jefferson City by Pope John Paul II. He received his episcopal consecration on the following August 27 from Archbishop Justin Rigali, with Bishop Michael McAuliffe and Archbishop Oscar Lipscomb serving as co-consecrators at the Cathedral of Saint Joseph.

paragraph: Within the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Gaydos served as Chairman of the Committee on Priestly Life and Ministry, and currently sits on the "Ad Hoc" Committee on Sexual Abuse, Administrative Committee, and Committee for Communications.

paragraph: Gaydos asked Pope Francis to allow him to retire early for health reasons, later described as hypertension, arterial fibrillation, and heart valve replacement.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roman Catholic Diocese of Jefferson City Official Site

paragraph: BULLET::::- United States Conference of Catholic Bishops

paragraph: BULLET::::- Missouri Catholic Conference

description: Catholic bishop

wikidata_label: John R. Gaydos

wikipedia_title: John R. Gaydos


text: American

text: prelate

text: Roman Catholic Church

text: Bishop of Colorado Springs

text: St. Louis

text: Missouri

text: St. Louis University High

text: ordained

text: priesthood

text: John Cardinal Carberry

text: pastoral

text: Archdiocese of St. Louis

text: theological

text: faculty

text: Kenrick-Glennon Seminary

text: doctorate in theology

text: Rome

text: Bishop of Colorado Springs

text: Auxiliary Bishop

text: Titular Bishop

text: Pope John Paul II

text: episcopal consecration

text: Justin Francis Rigali

text: Edward Joseph O'Donnell

text: Edward Kenneth Braxton

text: co-consecrators

text: motto

text: Coadjutor Bishop

text: Colorado Springs

text: Colorado

text: Richard Hanifen

text: Bishop of Colorado Springs

text: Committee on Education

text: Pontifical North American College

text: Catholic Relief Services

text: Dominican

text: Trustee

text: John Kerry

text: Catholic Church hierarchy

text: Catholic Church in the United States

text: Diocese of Colorado Springs

categories: Clergy from St. Louis,Roman Catholic Archdiocese of St. Louis,American Roman Catholic bishops,Roman Catholic bishops of Colorado Springs,Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas alumni,1945 births,20th-century Roman Catholic priests,21st-century Roman Catholic bishops,Living people

paragraph: Michael John Sheridan

paragraph: Michael John Sheridan (born March 4, 1945) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the Bishop of Colorado Springs.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Michael Sheridan was born in St. Louis, Missouri, to John and Bernice (née Moore) Sheridan, and studied at St. Louis University High.

paragraph: He was ordained to the priesthood by John Cardinal Carberry on May 29, 1971, and then did pastoral work in the Archdiocese of St. Louis. He also taught on the theological faculty of Kenrick-Glennon Seminary.

paragraph: In 1980 he earned a doctorate in theology from the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas, "Angelicum" in Rome with a dissertation entitled "The Theology of the Local Church in Vatican II." Bishop of Colorado Springs.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Auxiliary Bishop of St. Louis.

paragraph: On July 8, 1997, Sheridan was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of St. Louis and Titular Bishop of "Thibiuca" by Pope John Paul II. He received his episcopal consecration on the following September 3 from then-Archbishop Justin Francis Rigali, with Bishops Edward Joseph O'Donnell and Edward Kenneth Braxton serving as co-consecrators. He chose as his episcopal motto: ""Virtus in infirmitate perficitur"" (, meaning, "Strength is made perfect in weakness").

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Bishop of Colorado Springs.

paragraph: Sheridan was named Coadjutor Bishop of Colorado Springs, Colorado, on December 4, 2001, later succeeding Richard Hanifen as the second Bishop of Colorado Springs upon the latter's resignation on January 30, 2003.

paragraph: Within the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Bishop Sheridan sits on the Committee on Education. He is also a member of the Board of Governors of the Pontifical North American College in Rome, of the Board of Directors of Catholic Relief Services, of the International Dominican Foundation, and of the Kenrick Seminary Board of Trustees.

paragraph: Section::::Controversy.

paragraph: Sheridan excited controversy in 2004 when he said any Catholic who does not reflect church teaching in the voting booth "makes a mockery of that faith and belies his identity as a Catholic," a remark widely held to refer to supporters of John Kerry, though the bishop stated "the church never directs citizens to vote for any specific candidate." The directive was reported to be the first in the nation "that would apply to voters the same controversial sanctions proposed by some bishops against abortion-rights Catholic politicians...also one of the most drastic—equating a particular vote with sinful activity." Sheridan's stance drew national attention and harsh criticism, which he then softened in a column in the diocesan newspaper. Sheridan's spokesman has said that there is no Communion ban and that decisions on taking Communion rest with individuals and their consciences.

paragraph: There was further controversy in 2005 when Sheridan's executive assistant, Peter Howard, wrote a column in the diocesan newspaper stating that participating in Protestant services is contrary to church teaching. Sheridan then issued a public apology stating that Howard's view "does not represent my thinking on the subject". Other prominent clerics in the diocese agreed with Sheridan, saying that Catholics should be encouraged to participate in Protestant services.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church hierarchy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church in the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Diocese of Colorado Springs

description: Catholic bishop

wikidata_label: Michael John Sheridan

wikipedia_title: Michael John Sheridan


text: British

text: Los Angeles

text: The Village Voice

text: Bachelor's degree

text: English Literature

text: Master's degree

text: American literature

text: King's College, Cambridge

text: work visa

text: stripper

text: The Guardian

text: The Observer

text: Wired Magazine

text: The New York Post

text: The Huffington Post

text: Viking Penguin

text: Venice, California

text: social media

categories: Writers from New York (state),Twin people from Wales,1979 births,British bloggers,Welsh women writers,Living people,Welsh emigrants to the United States

paragraph: Ruth Fowler (writer)

paragraph: Ruth Fowler (aka Ruth Iorio) is a British-born Los Angeles and London based author, photographer, playwright screenwriter and journalist, who first came to media attention after writing several articles for "The Village Voice" as "Mimi".

paragraph: Fowler holds a first-class Honors Bachelor's degree in English Literature and a Master's degree in American literature from King's College, Cambridge. After graduating Cambridge, Fowler traveled to over fifty different countries working as a chef, a sailor, a bar-tender, a supermarket checkout girl and a waitress before finding herself in New York City in 2005. While attempting to obtain a work visa she worked as a stripper in Manhattan, writing about her experiences on her blog .

paragraph: As well as "The Village Voice", she has written for "The Guardian", "The Observer", "Wired Magazine", "The New York Post", "The Huffington Post", "The Fix" and "The Norton Anthology For Creative Non Fiction". Her first book, "No Man's Land", was published by Viking Penguin in June 2008, and was republished in May 2009 as "Girl Undressed". In 2008 Ruth wrote the screenplay for the short film "Supraman and the School of Necessity".

paragraph: According to her agent, Ruth is currently writing her second book, and working on an adaptation of the award-winning ‘A Short History of Tractors in Ukrainian’ for Ruby Films and the BBC. She recently completed ‘Sparkleponies’ - a feature film for Film 4, and ‘Boy2Girl’ with Kindle Entertainment. ‘Girl Undressed’ has been optioned as a TV series by BBC America and Big Talk productions. In 2011, Ruth was selected as one of 12 writers taking part in a Channel 4 Screenwriting Workshop, working

paragraph: with a script-editor on an original pilot for a television series or serial. Ruth's original political screenplay 'Fly Me' ensured that Ruth was selected as a Screen International Stars of Tomorrow 2012, alongside previous winners Emily Blunt, Carey Mulligan, Robert Pattison and Andrew Garfield.

paragraph: Fowler was married to the photographer Jared Iorio, and lives in Venice, California. In 2013, Fowler and her husband shared the experience of birthing her son at home via posts and pictures on social media.

paragraph: Fowler is a staunch believer in universal free education.

description: British dancer

wikidata_label: Ruth Fowler

wikipedia_title: Ruth Fowler (writer)


text:
Beckmann differential thermometer
Beckmann rearrangement
Solingen
Elberfeld
Arolsen
Burg an der Wupper
Leipzig
Cologne
Remigius Fresenius
Wiesbaden
University of Leipzig
Hermann Kolbe
toxicology
TU Braunschweig
Robert Otto
habilitation
abitur
Latin
Greek language
Johannes Wislicenus
aldehyde
ketone
hydroxylamine
benzophenone
oxime
Wallach
Beckmann rearrangement
Wilhelm Ostwald
physical chemistry
ebullioscopy
cryoscopy
Beckmann thermometer
François-Marie Raoult
colligative-property
University of Gießen
University of Erlangen
Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry
Beckmann rearrangement
First World War
lupin beans
Berlin
Dahlem
Mass spectrometry
Ernst Otto Beckmann Details
Brief Beckmann biography
Brief biographical material

categories: 1923 deaths,1853 births,German physical chemists

paragraph: Ernst Otto Beckmann

paragraph: Ernst Otto Beckmann (July 4, 1853 – July 12, 1923) was a German pharmacist and chemist who is remembered for his invention of the Beckmann differential thermometer and for his discovery of the Beckmann rearrangement.

paragraph: Section::::Scientific work.

paragraph: Ernst Otto Beckmann was born in Solingen, Germany on July 4, 1853 to a family headed by Johannes Friedrich Wilhelm Beckmann, a manufacturer. The elder Beckmann's factory produced mineral dyes, pigments, abrasives, and polishing material, and it was there that the younger Beckmann conducted his early chemical experiments. At the age of 17, Beckmann was persuaded by his father to study pharmacy instead of chemistry, and so in 1870 an apprenticeship was arranged in Elberfeld. However, Beckmann did not enjoy the working conditions and returned home, to his father's disappointment. Told that a chemical career would be difficult if could not handle an apprenticeship in pharmacy, Beckmann then returned to Elberfeld to finish his work. He also worked at pharmacies in Arolsen, Burg an der Wupper, Leipzig, and Cologne.

paragraph: To improve his theoretical skills, in 1874 Beckmann joined the school of Remigius Fresenius in Wiesbaden, and moved to the University of Leipzig the following year when Fresenius became a professor there. At Leipzig, Beckmann came into contact with the renowned chemist Hermann Kolbe. Although Beckmann wanted to study chemistry, he finished his studies with Fresenius, passing his pharmacy examination in 1877. He then joined Kolbe, and his assistant, Ernst von Meyer, and started work on the oxidation of dialkyle sulfides. For this research Beckmann received his PhD in July 1878.

paragraph: After a year of voluntary military service, as a pharmacist, Beckmann began studying toxicology at the TU Braunschweig with Robert Otto, receiving his habilitation in 1882. He returned to Leipzig and wanted to work as a lecturer with Kolbe, but the habilitation at a "technical" university was not a sufficient qualification for such a position. For a habilitation at a university an abitur from a humanistic gymnasium was necessary, and for this Latin language skills were obligatory. Therefore, Beckmann again began studying, and was able to complete the necessary exams in Latin, Greek language, and history in 1883, and again work at Leipzig. Kolbe died in 1884 and was succeeded by one of his critics, Johannes Wislicenus. This might have threatened Beckmann's academic career, but contrary to expectations the two chemists became colleagues and friends.

paragraph: Beckmann tried to apply an already-known reaction to discriminate between aldehydes and ketones. The reaction involved the use of hydroxylamine to convert benzophenone into an oxime. Treating this oxime with phosphorus pentachloride converted it into a substance already characterized by Wallach. This reaction is now known as the Beckmann rearrangement.

paragraph: In 1887 Wilhelm Ostwald moved to Leipzig, and physical chemistry then became a focus of Beckmann's work, as he served as an assistant to Ostwald. Beckmann used the methods of ebullioscopy (boiling-point elevation) and cryoscopy (freezing-point depression) to determine the molecular masses of several substances. These measurements required a careful determination of temperature differences, as opposed to absolute values, and to accomplish them Beckmann invented the differential thermometer that now carries his name (Beckmann thermometer). For this work he altered the methods of François-Marie Raoult, and the improvement was sufficiently great that Beckmann's method, and the associated equipment, became standard in chemical laboratories. However, by the end of the twentieth century these colligative-property techniques had been largely superseded by molecular mass determinations using electronic instrumentation.

paragraph: It was also during this time of work with Ostwald at Leipzig that Beckmann discovered the sodium and benzophenone react in dry ether to produce a blue solution, now known to be due to ketyl-radical formation. This reactions remains a standard one among chemists seeking to judge the anhydrous state of solvents.

paragraph: Beckmann left Leipzig to spend a year working at the University of Gießen and then served as a professor at the University of Erlangen, but in 1897 he was back in Leipzig for the third time, as Director of the Laboratory of Applied Chemistry. In 1912 he was asked to head a division of the newly founded Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry. He accepted the offer, moved to Berlin on April 1, 1912, and there he remained until his retirement from the institute in October 1921. Afterwards he was allowed to use a laboratory at the institute, and he worked again on the Beckmann rearrangement and measurements of physical properties of solutions.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Beckmann married Bertha Oertel on March 20, 1887 and had one daughter and two sons with her.

paragraph: During the First World War, Beckmann had conducted research on lupin beans to make them available to feed animals. It was his practice to taste water removed from lupins as a way to determine if toxic bitter portions had been removed by aqueous extractions. It is speculated that this practice might have severely damaged his health, for by his retirement he was quite ill.

paragraph: Beckmann died in Berlin on July 12, 1923 and was buried at Dahlem.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mass spectrometry

paragraph: BULLET::::- (from the German Wikipedia)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chemistry Tree: Ernst Otto Beckmann Details

paragraph: BULLET::::- (Drawings of some of Beckmann's equipment)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brief Beckmann biography by Colin Russell, Royal Society of Chemistry, 2003

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brief biographical material

description: German chemist

wikidata_label: Ernst Otto Beckmann

wikipedia_title: Ernst Otto Beckmann


text:
Dutch
rally
World Rally Championship
2010 Rallye Deutschland
World Rally Championship
Rally Catalunya
Group N
Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution VIII
Subaru Impreza S8 WRC
2006 Rallye Deutschland
Wales Rally GB
Prodrive
2007 Rally Deutschland
2007 Rally Catalunya
2007 Wales Rally GB
2008 Rallye Deutschland
Mitsubishi Lancer WRC
Škoda Fabia S2000
2010 Ypres Rally
2010 Rallye Deutschland
van Eldik's team website

categories: Dutch rally drivers,1967 births,World Rally Championship drivers,Intercontinental Rally Challenge drivers,Living people

paragraph: Mark van Eldik

paragraph: Mark van Eldik (born 1967) is a Dutch rally driver, who scored World Rally Championship points on the 2010 Rallye Deutschland with a ninth-place finish.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Van Eldik began rallying in 2002, competing in Dutch national events. In 2005 he made his World Rally Championship debut on Rally Catalunya, finishing 29th overall in his Group N Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution VIII. In 2006 he purchased a Subaru Impreza S8 WRC, which he then replaced with a newer S10 version later in the year. He competed in that car on the 2006 Rallye Deutschland, where he finished 24th overall. At the end of the year he competed in Wales Rally GB in a Group N Mitsubishi, finishing 41st. For 2007, van Eldik purchased an Impreza S12 from Prodrive, which he used to take the Dutch championship title. He also finished 26th on the 2007 Rally Deutschland, retired with mechanical failure on the 2007 Rally Catalunya and finished 34th on the 2007 Wales Rally GB. In 2008, van Eldik competed on just the one WRC event, 2008 Rallye Deutschland, where he finished 23rd. In 2009, he competed in both an Impreza S14 WRC and a Mitsubishi Lancer WRC 05. In 2010 he has also used a Škoda Fabia S2000, in which he retired from the 2010 Ypres Rally. At the 2010 Rallye Deutschland, van Eldik scored his best WRC result to date with a ninth-place finish, also picking up two world championship points.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- van Eldik's team website

description: Dutch rally driver

wikidata_label: Mark van Eldik

wikipedia_title: Mark van Eldik


text:
French
ski jumper
French
Régis Rey
Robert Rey
Sports Reference

categories: Olympic ski jumpers of France,Living people,1934 births,French male ski jumpers

paragraph: Robert Rey

paragraph: Robert Rey (born March 25, 1934) is a French ski jumper who competed in the 1950s and the 1960s and was part of the French National Team from 1959 to 1962. He is a younger brother of Régis Rey.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Robert Rey at Sports Reference

description: French ski jumper

wikidata_label: Robert Rey

wikipedia_title: Robert Rey


text: Max Reger

text: Leipzig

text: Karl Straube

text: Halle

text: Hamburg

text: Leipzig

text: Musikhochschule

text: Karl Straube

text: Halle

text: St. Moritz

text: Johann Sebastian Bach

text: Hauptkirche Sankt Jacobi

text: St. James

text: Hamburg

text: Arp Schnitger

text: Bach

text: Musikhochschule Hamburg

text: Toccata and Fugue in D minor

text: Stanley Sadie

text: Stokowski

text: Berneuchen Movement

text: Karl Straube

text: Großhansdorf

text: Franz Liszt

text: Max Reger

text: György Ligeti

text: Joseph Rheinberger

text: German National Library

text: oratorio

text: Ascension

text: Gregorian Chant

text: Macht hoch die Tür

text: Gelobet seist du, Jesu Christ

text: Wunderlich,Heinz

text: Heinz Wunderlich gestorben

categories: German academics,People from Leipzig,University of Music and Theatre Leipzig alumni,Male organists,Hochschule für Musik und Theater Hamburg faculty,1919 births,German composers,German classical organists

paragraph: Heinz Wunderlich

paragraph: Heinz Wunderlich (25 April 1919 – 10 March 2012) was a German organist, academic and composer. He was known for playing the organ works of Max Reger. He studied in Leipzig with Karl Straube, a friend of Reger. Wunderlich worked as both a church musician and academic in Halle until 1957, when he fled to West Germany and became church musician and academic in Hamburg. He toured internationally, and attracted students from many countries to study with him in Hamburg. After retiring from teaching, he went on to more compositions.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Born in Leipzig, Wunderlich studied at the Musikhochschule there, with Karl Straube who was a friend of Reger and premiered many of his organ works. He was in Halle the (KMD, director of church music) at the church St. Moritz and lecturer of organ at both the , an academy of Protestant church music, and at the Staatliche Hochschule für Musik, a state academy of music, from 1943 to 1957. He was known as an organ virtuoso. In 1950, he played all the organ works by Johann Sebastian Bach in a " of 21 concerts.

paragraph: After he fled to West Germany in 1958, Wunderlich was KMD at the Hauptkirche Sankt Jacobi (Main church of St. James) in Hamburg, where he took care of the Arp Schnitger organ which Bach had once admired when he applied for the same position. Wunderlich held the post until 1982. He was professor of organ playing and improvisation at the Musikhochschule Hamburg from 1959 to 1989.

paragraph: Wunderlich toured internationally as a concert organist. His performance of Bach's Toccata and Fugue in D minor was reviewed by Stanley Sadie as "a performance of which Stokowski would not have been ashamed". Students from Europe, the US, and Japan came to Hamburg to study with him. After he retired, he turned more to composition. Wunderlich was also member of the Protestant St. Michael's Fraternity of the Berneuchen Movement.

paragraph: The last surviving pupil of Karl Straube, he died in Großhansdorf.

paragraph: Section::::Recordings.

paragraph: During his Hamburg period, Wunderlich recorded many works by Bach, Franz Liszt, Max Reger and György Ligeti. His recordings of Reger's works are regarded as exemplary.

paragraph: Together with his second wife, the violinist , he recorded works for violin and organ by Joseph Rheinberger, by Reger, and of his own composition.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: Wunderlich's works are held by the German National Library. His main work is the scenic oratorio for Easter, ", composed in 1953. It is based on biblical narrations from Easter to Ascension, including elements from Gregorian Chant and Protestant hymns.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kontrapunktische Chaconne", 1938

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Präludium und Doppelfuge im alten Stil", 1939

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fuga Variata (Fantasie in Form einer Variationsfuge)", 1942/1943

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Partita" on "Macht hoch die Tür", 1946

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mixolydische Toccata" on "Gelobet seist du, Jesu Christ", 1947

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Drei Motetten", 1956

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Orgelsonate über ein Thema", 1956

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sonata Tremolanda Hiroshima", 1984

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Introduktion und Toccata über den Namen B-A-C-H", 1988

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Invocatio "Dona nobis pacem"", 1993

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sonate über den Psalm Jona", 1996

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Variationen Twelvetonata für Violine und Orgel", 1998

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Emotionen und Fuge per Augmentationem et Diminutionem über ein gegebenes Thema von Johann Nepomuk David", 2002

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wunderlich,Heinz Worlds of Music

paragraph: BULLET::::- Musikalische Chronik der Kantorei St. Jacobi St. Jacobi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Heinz Wunderlich (Conductor, Organ, Harpsichord) Bach cantatas Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Heinz Wunderlich gestorben walcker.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Organist und Pädagoge Heinz Wunderlich ist tot rp-online.de

description: German composer

wikidata_label: Heinz Wunderlich

wikipedia_title: Heinz Wunderlich


text:
Overbury
Blockley
Chipping Camden
Bristol
E. S. & A. Robinson
British Empire
Bristol
Member of Parliament
Bristol (UK Parliament constituency)
Bristol Port Railway and Pier
Severn Beach Line
Anchor Society
Sneyd Park
Colston Hall
Arnos Vale Cemetery
Robinson & Co
Singapore
Arthur Robinson
Douglas C Robinson
High Sheriff of Bristol
Foster Robinson
E. S. & A. Robinson
Crescens Robinson
Theodore Robinson
Lord Mayor of Bristol
E. S. & A. Robinson
Anchor Society
Arnold Wathen Robinson
Thomas Robinson

categories: English industrialists,Mayors of Bristol,1885 deaths,1817 births,People from Wychavon (district),English Baptists

paragraph: Elisha Smith Robinson

paragraph: Elisha Smith Robinson (1817–1885) was an English businessman and politician.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and business career.

paragraph: Robinson was born in 1817 in Overbury, on the Worcestershire/Gloucestershire borders where his father Edward Robinson, a paper maker, lived in Silver Rill House. He was apprenticed to his maternal grandfather, Rev. Elisha Smith, a grocer and Baptist Minister in Blockley and Chipping Camden.

paragraph: In 1840, his father threatened to replace him within the family business with a Londoner, so he ventured to Bristol with a small loan. He founded his own printing and packaging business, E. S. & A. Robinson, in 1844. Within 20 years, his firm was the largest buyer of paper in the British Empire.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: In 1845 he married Elizabeth Ring, with whom he had eight children; she died in 1871. Soon after he married Louisa Thomas, who died in 1875.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.

paragraph: Robinson became mayor of Bristol in 1866. He was elected as a Liberal Member of Parliament for Bristol (UK Parliament constituency) in 1870, but was unseated on a technicality. He stood again as an independent in 1880. He had a belligerent attitude to politics; he published his pledges in his own broadsheet, The Redcliffe Review, and was satirized in local cartoons.

paragraph: He served as a Justice of the Peace, as well as chairman of the Bristol Port Railway and Pier (now Severn Beach Line), and president of the Grateful Society in 1880.

paragraph: He was also the president of the Anchor Society in Bristol in 1859.

paragraph: Section::::Death and memorials.

paragraph: He died in 1885 at Ivy Towers, Sneyd Park, a house he designed. Sermon by Reverend Richard Glover published. He was memorialized in several locations. The foundation stone on the front Chipping Campden Baptist Church reads "This stone was laid by Elisha Smith Robinson Esq - of Bristol on the 19th June 1872" There is relief at Colston Hall, of which he was a founder a benefactor. There is also a monument at Arnos Vale Cemetery.

paragraph: Section::::His family and cricket.

paragraph: Robinson's interest in cricket was inspired by two of his brothers:-

paragraph: BULLET::::- Philip Robinson 1830-1886 founder of Robinson & Co in Singapore and

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Robinson 1820-1886 founder of John Robinsons of Gloucester.

paragraph: In 1878 Charles Parnell of West Town Cricket Club near Bristol proposed to Alfred Robinson, John's son, that he assemble a team to play on the August Bank Holiday. Alfred responded with a team made up entirely of Robinsons. From that day until 1964 Robinsons fielded a cricket XI on that bank holiday against various teams including one made up entirely of Graces in 1891.

paragraph: Robinson first class cricketers descended from Elisha include:-

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arthur Robinson, son of Elisha, 1855-1913 played for Gloucestershire.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Percy Gotch Robinson, grandson, 1881–1951, played for Gloucestershire.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Douglas C Robinson, grandson, 1884–1963, captained Gloucestershire, played for Essex, Marylebone Cricket Club, Gentlemen of England and England in 1924

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vivian Robinson, grandson, 1897–1979, played for Gloucestershire, High Sheriff of Bristol 1936

paragraph: BULLET::::- Foster Robinson, Grandson, 1880–1957, played for London County and Gloucestershire, Chairman of *E. S. & A. Robinson

paragraph: BULLET::::- Crescens Robinson (1864-1941) an English first class cricketer, great nephew.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Theodore Robinson (1866-1959) an English first class cricketer, great nephew.

paragraph: Other notable descendants include:-

paragraph: Edward Robinson 1853-1935 was the third son of Elisha Smith Robinson; Lord Mayor of Bristol in 1908. Chairman & managing director E. S. & A. Robinson, Vice chairman of the Bristol Chamber of Commerce, President of the Anchor Society in 1887, appointed a magistrate in 1889, Vice chairman of the Bristol South Liberal Association.

paragraph: Arnold Wathen Robinson (1888–1955) an English stained-glass artist, grandson.

paragraph: Thomas Robinson (1827-1897) an English corn merchant and Liberal politician, cousin.

description: English cricketer

wikidata_label: Elisha Smith Robinson

wikipedia_title: Elisha Smith Robinson


text:
British civil service
Northern Ireland
separation
Irish Free State
United Kingdom
Stranmillis College
Belfast
Ballyronan
Bushmills
Cloughmills
Dromara
Dundrum
Gilford
Greencastle
Lisbellaw
Loughbrickland
Saintfield
Seaforde
Belfast
Belfast
Banbridge
Bangor
Belfast
Holywood
Limavady
Antrim
Ballylumford
Armagh
Belfast City Hall
Hillsborough Castle
Hillsborough
Carrickfergus Castle
Carrickfergus
Stranmillis College
Cregagh

categories: 20th-century British architects,1964 deaths,1896 births,People from County Down

paragraph: T. F. O. Rippingham

paragraph: Thomas Francis Ord Rippingham (29 January 1896 – 17 December 1964) was an English-born architect who spent most of his professional life in the British civil service in Northern Ireland.

paragraph: "Rip", as he was affectionately known to his friends, family and colleagues, was given the name Thomas Joseph Francis Rippingham at birth, his father was Thomas Henry Rippingham (11 February 1855 - 6 February 1928) and his mother was Annie Josephine Harris (1859 - 23 January 1936). Rip was born at 51 Kendal Road, Deritend, Aston, Birmingham, England, and was educated at St. Phillip's Grammar School, Edgbaston, which was situated alongside Cardinal Newman's Oratory in Birmingham. After he left St. Phillip's he was an articled pupil, for two and a half years, and then an assistant, for three and a half years, to A. Hill Parker, ARIBA, of The Avenue, Worcester, England.

paragraph: Rip enlisted in the Royal Warwickshire Regiment on 2 March 1916 and was called up for service in the Royal Army Ordnance Corps on 1 November 1916, Regimental No. 024526. He served in the R.A.O.C. for three years and four months, with three years and two months “in the field” in France and at the Somme in WW1. On 30 March 1920 he was transferred from the R.A.O.C. Unit 51. O.A.S. (either the Ordnance Ammunition Section or the Ordnance Architectural Section) to the Army Reserve, Middlesex Regiment with the rank of Sergeant.

paragraph: Thomas Francis Ord Rippingham worked on many projects and designs which have become part of the Northern Irish landscape. One of his most characteristic and well known designs was that for the Police Stations which were built throughout Northern Ireland in the years following the separation in 1921 of the Irish Free State, which left only Northern Ireland as part of the United Kingdom.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stranmillis College, Belfast:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Main building(1928–1930).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry Garrett Building (1944).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Northern Ireland Police Stations(1920s–30s) – originally constructed at Ballyronan, Bushmills, Cloughmills, Dromara, Dundrum, Gilford, Greencastle, Lisbellaw, Loughbrickland, Saintfield, and Seaforde among many other places.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Telephone House, Belfast (1931–1934).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cregagh Housing Estate, Belfast (1945–1950).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Buildings for the postal service in Northern Ireland, in: Banbridge, Bangor, Belfast (2 buildings), Holywood, Limavady.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Petty Sessions Court House, Chichester Street, Belfast.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Other buildings in Northern Ireland include:

paragraph: BULLET::::- a public (state) primary school in the Cregagh Estate.

paragraph: BULLET::::- an estate of houses for the Admiralty, Antrim.

paragraph: BULLET::::- housing for power station workers, Ballylumford.

paragraph: BULLET::::- a factory office building, Armagh.

paragraph: BULLET::::- a small war memorial monument, Belfast City Hall.

paragraph: BULLET::::- the conservation of Hillsborough Castle, Hillsborough.

paragraph: BULLET::::- the restoration of Carrickfergus Castle, Carrickfergus.

paragraph: BULLET::::- private houses (probably no more than ten).

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stranmillis College

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cregagh

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.dia.ie/architects/search/THOMAS%20FRANCIS%20O.%20RIPPINGHAM – biographical information

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.dia.ie/architects/search/ROLAND%20INGLEBY%20SMITH – search for 'Rippingham'

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.dia.ie/architects/search/CHARLES%20STEWART%20AGNEW – search for 'Rippingham'

paragraph: BULLET::::- Northern Ireland Police Stations:

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.planningni.gov.uk/index/policy/dev_plans/devplans_az/bnm_2015/bnm_district_proposals/bnm_proposals_banbridge/bnm_banbridge_villages/bnm_loughbrickland/bnm_loughbrickland2.htm (search for 'Rippingham') – a reference to the police station at Loughbrickland

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.build.ie/construction_news.asp?newsid=71222 (search for 'Rippingham') – a reference to the police station at Ballyronan

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.propertypal.com/-former-police-station-banbridge-road-gilford/108420 – a photograph of the former police station building at Gilford

paragraph: BULLET::::- Other Buildings:

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://www.flickr.com/photos/90865052@N00/770337753 – Telephone House, Belfast – a photograph

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.doeni.gov.uk/niea/built/mbr/bharni_catalogue_volume_8-3.pdf (document page 59; numbered page 41; search for 'Henry Garrett') – Henry Garrett Building, Stranmillis College – a photograph, other information on the building, and a tribute to the work of Rippingham

description: British architect

wikidata_label: T. F. O. Rippingham

wikipedia_title: T. F. O. Rippingham


text:
singer
composer
tango music
Montevideo
Uruguay
pop
rock
blues music
Laura Canoura
Solís Theatre
Sala Zitarrosa
Carmelo
Colonia del Sacramento
Mercedes
San José de Mayo
Florida
Maldonaldo
Europe
tango music
Milan
Germany
Finland

categories: 1980 births,Living people,Uruguayan female singers,Musicians from Montevideo

paragraph: Maia Castro

paragraph: Maia Castro (born 21 March 1980) is an Uruguayan singer and composer of tango music. She has been active since 2005.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: On 21 March 1980, Maia Castro was born in Montevideo, capital of Uruguay.

paragraph: Castro began her career in 2006 with her debut album, but she had been active in music as a member of pop, rock, and blues music groups in the past.

paragraph: In 2010, Castro was invited by the to perform in the "Tres mujeres para el tango" concert with Laura Canoura and Mónica Navarro. With the Orchestra, she performed two outdoor shows and three in the Solís Theatre. She continued through the next year with shows through Uruguay and recording for her third studio album.

paragraph: In 2014, Castro went on her "Uruguay Tour," beginning with a show at the Sala Zitarrosa in Montevideo, then on to Carmelo, Colonia del Sacramento, Mercedes, San José de Mayo, Florida, and Maldonaldo. She went on tour again the following year in Europe, bringing tango music to Milan, Germany, and playing at the Tango Festival of Finland.

wikidata_label: Maia Castro

wikipedia_title: Maia Castro


text:
doge
of Genoa
Domenico Fregoso
Maona of Chios
Cyprus
Riviera
Antoniotto Adorno
Nicolò Guarco
Leonardo Montaldo
Pope Urban VI
Amedeo VII, count of Savoy
Savona
Lerici
Florence
Pisa
Milan
Rome
Venice
North African
pirate

categories: 14th-century Genoese people,1420 deaths,Doges of Genoa,14th-century rulers in Europe,15th-century Italian people,1340 births,Ambassadors of the Republic of Genoa,Medieval Italian diplomats

paragraph: Giacomo Fregoso

paragraph: Giacomo Fregoso or Campofregoso (1340–1420) was a statesman who became the 10th doge of Genoa.

paragraph: Section::::Youth.

paragraph: Giacomo's father, Domenico Fregoso, was elected doge of Genoa in 1370. Giacomo himself received an advanced education, became bachelor of law and joined the trading business of the Fregoso family. He also participated in the management of the Maona of Chios. Following some commercial successes, Giacoma participated in the wars led by the Republic, in particular during the conquest of Cyprus of 1373. Back in Genoa, his father gave him the charge of the defense of the Eastern Riviera.

paragraph: When Domenico was toppled in 1378, the whole Fregoso family was driven into exile. He stayed away from Genoa under the following two dogeships of Antoniotto Adorno and Nicolò Guarco. He only returned in the city when the new doge Leonardo Montaldo promulgated a law of amnesty in 1383. After his return, Giacomo managed to be elected repeatedly to the Council of the Ancients that governed the Republic and the doge Adorno put him in charge of the reception of Pope Urban VI in the city. Later, he was also put in charge of diplomatic relations of the Republic with Amedeo VII, count of Savoy. In the meantime, he kept on pursuing his economic activity, specifically with the Maona.

paragraph: Section::::Dogeship.

paragraph: In 1390, a long-lasting political crisis came to an acme and the doge Adorno had to escape Genoa and seek refuge in Savona. The population in arms gathered and chose Giacomo as the new doge on August 3. Giacomo seem to have enjoyed a reputation as a good manager due to his commercial successes, which may explain his nomination. In 1391, Antoniotto Adorno gathered an army of 800 men to reconquer his lost position. Fregoso refused to fight and begin a civil war, leading to the rebels entering the city unopposed and, on April 6, Adorno was reelected doge.

paragraph: Section::::Ambassador.

paragraph: After his deposition, Giacomo was invited by doge Adorno to a great banquet in his honor and allowed to remain in the city. But rapidly, a riot in Savona drove a wedge between the two clans. As a consequence, Giacomo was sent to the castle-prison of Lerici until 1396. Two years later, he returned to the republic and was re-elected to the Council. He was also nominated as ambassador of the Republic to Florence and Pisa. After Genoa fell under French domination, he continued his diplomatic career in Milan, Rome and finally Venice.

paragraph: In 1411, at the age of 71, Giacomo received the charge of reorganizing the Genoese navy in order to defend the coasts of the Republic against the raids of North African pirates. No archival traces of him remain after this date and it is usually assumed that he died around 1420 and was buried with his family in the church of Santa Marta.

description: Genoese doge

wikidata_label: Giacomo Fregoso

wikipedia_title: Giacomo Fregoso


text:
Doge of Genoa
Domenico
Giacomo
Podestà
Novi
Cyprus
Aegean
Antoniotto di Montaldo
Clemente Promontorio
Pomellina
Monaco
Claudine Grimaldi

categories: 1330 births,14th-century Genoese people,Doges of Genoa,1404 deaths

paragraph: Pietro Fregoso

paragraph: Pietro Fregoso (or Campofregoso; 1330 – 22 April 1404) was a statesman who became the 13th Doge of Genoa.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: His birth date is not known precisely but his father was Rolando Fregoso and his mother Manfredina Fregoso. His brother Domenico was elected doge in 1370, and his nephew Giacomo became doge in 1390.

paragraph: Pietro became bachelor of law and joined the family's business involved in trade with the Orient. On the political scene, he obtained a number of positions including the rile of Podestà of the city of Novi and, in 1373, he became admiral of the Republic and was in charge of the conquest of Cyprus. For his success in the Aegean, he was given a palace in Genoa, then ruled by his brother.

paragraph: On July 15, 1393, at the age of 63, he was elected doge after the ruling doge Antoniotto di Montaldo had stepped down for unknown reasons. But Pietro retained the dogeship only one day and ceded the position the very next day to Clemente Promontorio. After this short episode, Pietro continued his political career, in particular as member of the Council of the commune until his death on April 22, 1404.

paragraph: His daughter Pomellina was regent of Monaco on behalf of her granddaughter, Claudine Grimaldi.

description: Doge of Genoa

wikidata_label: Pietro Fregoso

wikipedia_title: Pietro Fregoso


text: Ancient Egypt

text: queen consort

text: 4th dynasty

text: Old Kingdom Period

text: pharaoh

text: Khufu

text: Giza

text: Sneferu

text: Inventory Stela

text: 26th dynasty

text: Saite Period

text: Khufukhaf

text: Minkhaf

text: Khafra

text: mastaba

text: Middle Kingdom Period

text: Isis

text: pyramid G1-c

text: Great Pyramid

text: mastaba

text: Rainer Stadelmann

categories: 26th-century BC women,Khufu,Queens consort of the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt

paragraph: Henutsen

paragraph: Henutsen is the name of an Ancient Egyptian queen consort who lived and ruled during the 4th dynasty of the Old Kingdom Period. She was the second or third wife of pharaoh Khufu and most possibly buried at Giza.

paragraph: Section::::Identity.

paragraph: Section::::Identity.:Life.

paragraph: Little is known about Henutsen's life. Some scholars believe, that she was the daughter of pharaoh Sneferu, but this is not commonly accepted. Henutsen is not known to have ever borne the title "king's daughter" or "king's bodily daughter", both titles which would have unmistakably designated her as a princess. The only document describing her as a princess is the famous Inventory Stela from 26th dynasty (Saite Period). The artifact is identified by scholars as a contemporary fake created by Saitic priests, thus the information about Henutsen's royal status as a princess are questioned. The only royal title that is proven for her is the title of a "king's wife".

paragraph: Section::::Identity.:Children.

paragraph: Henutsen is known to have given birth to at least two princes, Khufukhaf and Minkhaf. In case that Khufukhaf was not identical to king Khafra, Henutsen was Khafra's mother, too. All her sons are buried at Giza. The mastaba tomb of Khufukhaf was partially destroyed during the Middle Kingdom Period in attempt to make place for a temple of the goddess Isis.

paragraph: Section::::Burial.

paragraph: Henutsen was most possibly interred in pyramid G1-c. Egyptologists believe that this pyramid was originally not part of Khufu's pyramid complex, but later added, as its southern side is not aligned with that of the Great Pyramid. In fact, the pyramid's southern side is aligned with Khufukhaf's mastaba tomb nearby. Rainer Stadelmann additionally believes that prince Khufukhaf was identical to king Khafra and that Khafra erected G1-c as the tomb for his (now royal) mother. Pyramid G1-c was long time thought to be a satellite pyramid, because it did not come with a boat pit, as it was the case for the pyramids G1-a and G1-b. G1-c was later identified as an unfinished pyramid which was constructed in a hurry.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pyramid "G1-c" (Henutsen's burial), photography and short info at "egyptphoto.ncf.ca". (English)

description: Egyptian queen (4th dynasty)

wikidata_label: Henutsen

wikipedia_title: Henutsen


text:
ancient Egypt
vizier
4th dynasty
Khufu
Djedefre
Khafra
Minkhaf
Henutsen
mastaba
Nefertkau II
vizier
Giza
east field
Giza Necropolis
Henutsen
Wetka
Iuenka

categories: Viziers of the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt,Khufu,Princes of the Fourth Dynasty of Egypt

paragraph: Khufukhaf I

paragraph: Khufukhaf I (also read as Khaefkhufu I) was an ancient Egyptian prince and vizier of the 4th dynasty.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Khufukhaf was a son of Pharaoh Khufu, half-brother of pharaoh Djedefre and full brother of pharaoh Khafra and prince Minkhaf. His mother might have been Queen Henutsen; the latter's pyramid is next to his mastaba tomb. His wife was named Nefertkau II and she was buried with him in Giza.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He served as vizier, possibly towards the end of Khufu's reign or during his brother Khafra's reign.

paragraph: Section::::Tomb.

paragraph: Khufukhaf had a double mastaba in Giza (tomb G 7130-7140) in the east field which is part of the Giza Necropolis. Mastaba G 7130 is attributed to Khufukhaf's wife Nefertkau. G 7140 belonged to Khufukhaf himself. Khufukhaf is depicted with Queen Henutsen in the Hall of the Mastaba. Several sons are mentioned as well. A son named Wetka (also called Tuka) is depicted in the chapel of the mastaba. Another son named Iuenka (or Iun-ka) is depicted in the chapel as well. Iunka is given the title of "King's Son" in the tomb. Khufukhaf also had a daughter.

paragraph: Section::::Titles.

paragraph: Khufukhaf was part of the highest level of the administration and was elevated to the vizierate probably during the reign of Khafra, his brother. This rank, the highest at the time, was strictly reserved to the close family of the Pharaoh during the 4th dynasty.

paragraph: Main titles:

paragraph: Translation and indexes from Dilwyn Jones.

description: ancient Egyptian prince

wikidata_label: Khufukhaf I

wikipedia_title: Khufukhaf I


text:
Houghton
Houghton County, Michigan
Essex County, New York
Lake Geneva, Wisconsin
Douglass Houghton
Keweenaw Peninsula
Quincy Mine
Portage Lake
Upper Peninsula
iron mines
Iron Mountain
Crystal Falls
Hancock, Michigan
Sheldon Center

categories: People from Hancock, Michigan,1878 deaths,People from Essex County, New York,1814 births

paragraph: Ransom B. Shelden Sr.

paragraph: Ransom Bird Shelden Sr. (July 7, 1814 – May 17, 1878) was the founder of Houghton, a city in the county of Houghton County, Michigan.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Shelden was born in Essex County, New York on July 7, 1814. Shelden's father George Shelden was a farmer in Essex County for many years. In 1832, Ransom Shelden moved to Chicago, building the first hotel in what was then known as "Fort Dearborn." However, he soon moved again to a farm near Lake Geneva, Wisconsin.

paragraph: Shelden married Theresa M. Douglas, also of Essex County, in 1839. She was a cousin of Douglass Houghton. The couple had four sons: Carlos D. Shelden, George C. Shelden, Christine M. Shelden, and Ransom B. Shelden Jr.

paragraph: Section::::Houghton.

paragraph: In 1847, Shelden moved to Portage Entry in the Keweenaw Peninsula with his brother-in-law and began trading and fishing. Four years later they moved to the Quincy Mine and opened a mine store. Around the same time, Sheldon bought land on the south side of Portage Lake, and in 1852 moved his store there.

paragraph: Shelden and his brother-in-law had also been purchasing swaths of land throughout the Upper Peninsula, and by 1852 owned around 55,000 acres. Shelden invested in copper mines, lumber yards, and real estate, as well as iron mines in Iron Mountain and Crystal Falls and platted the village of Houghton. In about 1862, Shelden built Pewabic House, the oldest still-extant building in Hancock, Michigan.

paragraph: In 1871 Shelden was elected as president of the town, a position he held for seven years until his death on May 17, 1878. The main street of Houghton, variously called "Sheldon Street," (inaccurately) "Shelden Avenue" and "Sheldon Avenue," was named in Shelden's honour, as was the "Sheldon Center".

description: American industrialist and politician

wikidata_label: Ransom B. Shelden, Sr.

wikipedia_title: Ransom B. Shelden Sr.


text: Catholic Church

text: Holy See

text: Apostolic Nuncio

text: Lebanon

text: Sliema

text: Malta

text: Luqa

text: Joseph Mercieca

text: St John's Co-Cathedral

text: Valletta

text: Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy

text: Secretariat of State

text: Pope Benedict XVI

text: Sri Lanka

text: Titular Archbishop

text: Tarcisio Bertone

text: Paul Cremona

text: Joseph Mercieca

text: St John's Co-Cathedral

text: Pope Francis

text: Ivory Coast

categories: Maltese Roman Catholic bishops,1959 births,Apostolic Nuncios to Ivory Coast,Maltese Roman Catholics,Apostolic Nuncios to Sri Lanka,Living people,Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy alumni

paragraph: Joseph Spiteri

paragraph: Joseph Spiteri (born 20 May 1959) is a Maltese prelate of the Catholic Church who works in the diplomatic service of the Holy See. He has been Apostolic Nuncio to Lebanon since March 2018.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Joseph Spiteri was born on 20 May 1959 in Sliema Malta, though the family lived in Luqa. He was the first child born to Ernest Spiteri and Emmanuela née Cassar. After attending local seminaries he was ordained a priest on 29 June 1984 by Archbishop Joseph Mercieca in St John's Co-Cathedral in Valletta. After a brief pastoral assignment, he studied at the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy and earned a doctorate in canon law from the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas in 1988.

paragraph: He joined the diplomatic service of the Holy See on 15 July 1988 and fulfilled assignments in Panama, Iraq, Mexico, Portugal, Greece and Venezuela, and then worked in the offices of the Secretariat of State in Rome.

paragraph: On 21 February 2009, Pope Benedict XVI appointed him Apostolic Nuncio to Sri Lanka and Titular Archbishop of . He was consecrated by Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, with the Maltese archbishops Paul Cremona and Joseph Mercieca as co-conservators, in St John's Co-Cathedral.

paragraph: On 1 October 2013, Pope Francis appointed him Nuncio to the Ivory Coast.

paragraph: On 7 March 2018, Pope Francis named him Nuncio to Lebanon.

description: Maltese diplomat and catholic priest

wikidata_label: Joseph Spiteri

wikipedia_title: Joseph Spiteri


text:
Airdrie
Scotland
New Zealand
Works by John Liddell Kelly

categories: British male poets,19th-century poets,19th-century British male writers,New Zealand journalists,People from Airdrie, North Lanarkshire,1850 births,British poets,New Zealand male writers,Male journalists,19th-century journalists,New Zealand poets,1925 deaths

paragraph: John Liddell Kelly

paragraph: John Liddell Kelly (19 February 1850 – 10 December 1925) was a British journalist and poet.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born near Airdrie, Scotland, Kelly left school at the age of eleven and was self-educated afterwards. He married in 1870 and emigrated to New Zealand in 1880 on account of his health. In New Zealand he served as sub-editor for the "Auckland Star" and wrote humorous verses for the "Auckland Observer". He also worked for the "Lyttelton Times" and the "New Zealand Times".

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1885). "Tahiti, the Land of Love and Beauty".

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1887). "Tarawera, or the Curse of Tuhoto".

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1890). "Zealandia's Jubilee".

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1902). "Heather and Fern".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Works by John Liddell Kelly, at Unz.org

description: British journalist and poet

wikidata_label: John Liddell Kelly

wikipedia_title: John Liddell Kelly