text: Academy Award

text: Cabaret

text: mezzo-soprano

text: Judy Garland

text: Vincente Minnelli

text: Off-Broadway

text: Best Foot Forward

text: Tony Award

text: Flora the Red Menace

text: John Kander

text: Fred Ebb

text: New York, New York

text: Cabaret

text: Maybe This Time

text: gay icon

text: The Sterile Cuckoo

text: Emmy Award

text: Liza with a Z

text: Lucky Lady

text: New York, New York

text: Rent-a-Cop

text: Stepping Out

text: Arthur

text: Broadway

text: The Act

text: The Rink

text: Liza's at The Palace...

text: music hall

text: Carnegie Hall

text: Radio City Music Hall

text: Frank Sinatra

text: Sammy Davis Jr.

text: pop standards

text: Pet Shop Boys

text: Results

text: Liza's Back

text: Arrested Development

text: Hollywood

text: Judy Garland

text: Vincente Minnelli

text: Liza (All the Clouds'll Roll Away)

text: Lorna

text: Sid Luft

text: Kay Thompson

text: William Spier

text: In the Good Old Summertime

text: Van Johnson

text: High School of Performing Arts

text: Chadwick School

text: Mercy College

text: Best Foot Forward

text: London Palladium

text: The Diary of Anne Frank

text: Flora the Red Menace

text: John Kander

text: Fred Ebb

text: Capitol Records

text: Liza! Liza!

text: It Amazes Me

text: There Is a Time

text: traditional pop

text: Barbra Streisand

text: Liza Minnelli

text: Come Saturday Morning

text: New Feelin'

text: A&M Records

text: The Singer

text: Tropical Nights

text: Columbia Records

text: Pet Shop Boys

text: Results

text: Losing My Mind

text: Don't Drop Bombs

text: So Sorry, I Said

text: Love Pains

text: Andrew Lloyd Webber

text: Smokey Robinson

text: Willie Nelson

text: Richard Rodgers

text: Whoopi Goldberg

text: Barbra Streisand

text: John Gielgud

text: Emmy

text: Grammy

text: Tony Award

text: Academy Award

text: tribute concert

text: Freddie Mercury

text: We Are the Champions

text: Queen

text: Gently

text: Does He Love You

text: Donna Summer

text: Best Traditional Pop Vocal Performance

text: My Chemical Romance

text: The Black Parade

text: Gerard Way

text: Liza's at the Palace...!

text: Decca Records

text: The New York Times Magazine

text: 2008 Universal fire

text: In the Good Old Summertime

text: Charlie Bubbles

text: Albert Finney

text: Journey Back to Oz

text: The Wizard of Oz

text: Filmation

text: The Sterile Cuckoo

text: Alan J. Pakula

text: Best Actress in a Leading Role

text: Tell Me That You Love Me, Junie Moon

text: Otto Preminger

text: Sally Bowles

text: Cabaret

text: Louise Glaum

text: Louise Brooks

text: Best Actress in a Leading Role

text: Golden Globe Award

text: BAFTA Award

text: Sant Jordi Award

text: David di Donatello Award

text: Bob Fosse

text: Liza with a 'Z'. A Concert for Television

text: A Matter of Time

text: Ingrid Bergman

text: New York, New York

text: signature song

text: Frank Sinatra

text: Arthur

text: Dudley Moore

text: Stepping Out

text: Art Linkletter

text: Gene Kelly

text: Ben Casey

text: Jack Paar

text: Merv Griffin

text: Mike Douglas

text: Joe Franklin

text: Dinah Shore

text: Johnny Carson

text: Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In

text: The Ed Sullivan Show

text: The Hollywood Palace

text: The Judy Garland Show

text: Craig Stevens

text: Mr. Broadway

text: Arrested Development

text: Drop Dead Diva

text: Ruby Wax

text: Graham Norton

text: Jonathan Ross

text: Charlotte Church

text: Michael Parkinson

text: Victor/Victoria

text: Julie Andrews

text: New York Times

text: viral encephalitis

text: Sam Harris

text: Michael Jackson

text: David Gest

text: Liza's Back

text: Over The Rainbow

text: The Carpenters

text: Mary J. Blige

text: "Family Affair"

text: Liza and David

text: Ray Charles

text: Luther Vandross

text: Isaac Mizrahi

text: Anastacia

text: Arrested Development

text: Lucille Austero

text: Buster Bluth

text: Gob

text: My Chemical Romance

text: The Black Parade

text: Mama

text: Palace Theatre

text: Liza's at The Palace...!

text: Saturday Night Live

text: Kristen Wiig

text: Johnny Rodgers

text: Billy Stritch

text: Brian Lane Green

text: The Boy from Oz

text: Hugh Jackman

text: Stephanie J. Block

text: Australian Idol

text: Snickers

text: Aretha Franklin

text: Betty White

text: Sex and the City 2

text: Beyoncé

text: Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)

text: Ev'ry Time We Say Goodbye

text: The Apprentice

text: Hampton Court Palace Festival

text: Cher

text: Dressed to Kill Tour

text: Girls Just Want to Have Fun

text: Cyndi Lauper

text: Rosie O'Donnell

text: Andy Warhol

text: Halston

text: Bianca Jagger

text: The Rink

text: Betty Ford Clinic

text: Episcopalian

text: Judy Garland

text: Ferncliff Cemetery

text: Greenburgh

text: Westchester County

text: New York

text: Hollywood Forever Cemetery

text: Los Angeles

text: California

text: Peter Allen

text: Jack Haley Jr.

text: Jack Haley

text: The Wizard of Oz

text: David Gest

text: Yul Brynner

text: Desi Arnaz, Jr.

text: Peter Sellers

text: Martin Scorsese

text: hiatal hernia

text: Elizabeth Taylor

text: Rock Hudson

text: amfAR

text: Stonewall riots

text: Liza! Liza!

text: It Amazes Me

text: There Is a Time

text: Liza Minnelli

text: Come Saturday Morning

text: New Feelin'

text: The Singer

text: Tropical Nights

text: Results

text: Gently

text: Confessions

text: Liza Minnelli discography

text: Honorific nicknames in popular music

text: E.P. Dutton

text: Kensington Books

text: * See Free Preview at Amazon.com

text: Doubleday

text: * See Free Preview at Amazon.com

categories: A&M Records artists,American people of Sicilian descent,Grammy Legend Award winners,20th-century American actresses,Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School alumni,Best Musical or Comedy Actress Golden Globe (film) winners,American female pop singers,20th-century American singers,American child actresses,American people of Scottish descent,Best Miniseries or Television Movie Actress Golden Globe winners,Judy Garland,Actresses from New York City,American television actresses,Tony Award winners,Hybrid Recordings artists,American film actresses,Singers from Los Angeles,Grammy Award winners,21st-century American actresses,21st-century American singers,1946 births,21st-century American women singers,Actresses from Hollywood, Los Angeles,Primetime Emmy Award winners,Capitol Records artists,American people of Italian descent,20th-century American women singers,American voice actresses,American people of Irish descent,Liza Minnelli,American Theater Hall of Fame inductees,American people of French-Canadian descent,American musical theatre actresses,Nightclub performers,Best Actress Academy Award winners,Columbia Records artists,Living people,American people of English descent,American vedettes,Singers from New York (state),Cadence Records artists,David di Donatello Career Award winners,LGBT rights activists from the United States,American female singers,Traditional pop music singers,Best Actress BAFTA Award winners

paragraph: Liza Minnelli

paragraph: Liza May Minnelli (born March 12, 1946) is an American actress and singer. Best known for her Academy Award-winning performance in "Cabaret" (1972), she is known for her energetic stage presence and her powerful mezzo-soprano singing voice. She is the daughter of Judy Garland and Vincente Minnelli. She is of Italian and mixed European descent.

paragraph: Seeking theatrical work, Minnelli moved to New York City in 1961, where she began her career as a musical theatre actress, nightclub performer and traditional pop music artist. She made her professional stage debut in the 1963 Off-Broadway revival of "Best Foot Forward" and won a Tony Award for starring in "Flora the Red Menace" in 1965, which marked the start of her lifelong collaboration with John Kander and Fred Ebb. They wrote, produced or directed many of Minnelli's future stage acts and TV shows and helped create her stage persona of a stylized survivalist, including her career-defining performances of anthems of survival ("New York, New York", "Cabaret" and "Maybe This Time"). Along with her roles on stage and screen, this persona and her style of performance added to Minnelli's status as an enduring gay icon.

paragraph: Critically lauded for her early non-musical screen performances—especially "The Sterile Cuckoo" (1969)—Minnelli rose to international stardom, starring in "Cabaret" and the Emmy Award-winning TV special "Liza with a Z" (1972). Most of her following films — including "Lucky Lady" (1975), "New York, New York" (1977), "Rent-a-Cop" (1988) and "Stepping Out" (1991)—were panned by the critics and bombed at the box office, and she had no more major movie hits except "Arthur" (1981). She returned to Broadway on a number of occasions, including "The Act" (1977), "The Rink" (1984) and "Liza's at The Palace..." (2008), worked on various television formats and has predominantly focused on music hall and nightclub performances since the late 1970s. Her concert performances at Carnegie Hall in 1979 and 1987, and at Radio City Music Hall in 1991 and 1992 are recognized among her most successful. From 1988 to 1990, she toured with Frank Sinatra and Sammy Davis Jr. in "Frank, Liza & Sammy: The Ultimate Event".

paragraph: Best known for her renditions of pop standards, Minnelli's early 1960s pop singles were produced to attract a young audience, and her albums from 1968 to 1977 contained much of the contemporary singer-songwriter material. In 1989, she ventured into the contemporary pop scene by collaborating with the Pet Shop Boys on the album "Results". After a hiatus due to serious health problems, Minnelli returned to the concert stage in 2002 with "Liza's Back" and was an acclaimed guest star in the sitcom "Arrested Development" between 2003 and 2013. Since the 2010s, she has avoided huge concert tours in favor of small retrospective performances.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Minnelli was born on March 12, 1946 in Hollywood, California, to Judy Garland and Vincente Minnelli. Her parents named her after Ira Gershwin's song "Liza (All the Clouds'll Roll Away)". Minnelli has a half-sister, Lorna, and half-brother, Joey, from Garland's marriage to Sid Luft. She has another half-sister, Christiane Nina Minnelli (nicknamed Tina Nina), from her father's second marriage. Minnelli's godparents were Kay Thompson and her husband William Spier.

paragraph: Her first performing experience on film was at age three appearing in the final scene of the musical "In the Good Old Summertime" (1949); the film stars Garland and Van Johnson. In 1961 she moved to New York City, attending High School of Performing Arts and later, Chadwick School. She very briefly attended Mercy College, from where she later was awarded a Honorary Doctorate.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Theater.

paragraph: During 1961, Minnelli was an apprentice at the Cape Cod Melody Tent in Hyannis, Massachusetts. She appeared in the chorus of "Flower Drum Song" and played the part of Muriel in "Take Me Along". She began performing professionally at age 17 in 1963 in an Off-Broadway revival of the musical "Best Foot Forward", for which she received the Theatre World Award.

paragraph: The next year, her mother invited her to perform with her in concert at the London Palladium. Both concerts were recorded and released as an album. She attended Scarsdale High School for one year, starring in a production of "The Diary of Anne Frank" which then went to Israel on tour. She turned to Broadway at 19, and won her first Tony Award as a leading actress for "Flora the Red Menace". It was the first time that she worked with the musical pair John Kander and Fred Ebb.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Music.

paragraph: Minnelli began as a nightclub singer as an adolescent, making her professional nightclub debut at the age of 19 at the Shoreham Hotel in Washington, D.C. That same year she began appearing in other clubs and on stage in Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Chicago, Miami, and New York City. Her success as a live performer led to her recording several albums for Capitol Records: "Liza! Liza!" (1964), "It Amazes Me" (1965), and "There Is a Time" (1966). In her early years, she recorded traditional pop standards as well as show tunes from various musicals in which she starred. Because of this fact, William Ruhlmann named her "Barbra Streisand's little sister". The Capitol albums "Liza! Liza!", "It Amazes Me", and "There Is A Time" were reissued on the two-CD compilation "The Capitol Years" in 2001, in their entirety.

paragraph: From 1968 to the 1970s, she also recorded her albums "Liza Minnelli" (1968), "Come Saturday Morning" and "New Feelin'" (both 1970) for A&M Records. She released "The Singer" (1973) and "Tropical Nights" (1977) on Columbia Records.

paragraph: In 1989, Minnelli collaborated with the Pet Shop Boys on "Results", an electronic dance-style album. The release hit the top 10 in the UK and charted in the U.S., spawning four singles: "Losing My Mind"; "Don't Drop Bombs"; "So Sorry, I Said'"; and "Love Pains".

paragraph: Later that year, she performed "Losing My Mind" live at the Grammys ceremony before receiving a Grammy Legend Award (the first Grammy Legend Awards were issued in 1990 to Minnelli, Andrew Lloyd Webber, Smokey Robinson, and Willie Nelson). With this award, she became one of only 16 people – in a list that includes composer Richard Rodgers, Whoopi Goldberg, Barbra Streisand, and John Gielgud and others – to win an Emmy, Grammy, Tony Award, and Academy Award.

paragraph: In April 1992, Minnelli appeared at the tribute concert for her late friend Freddie Mercury, performing "We Are the Champions" with the surviving members of the rock band Queen at Wembley Stadium in London.

paragraph: In 1996, Minnelli released a studio album titled "Gently". It was a recording of jazz standards and included contemporary songs such as the cover of "Does He Love You" which she performed as a duet with Donna Summer. This album brought her a Grammy nomination for Best Traditional Pop Vocal Performance.

paragraph: In 2006, Minnelli appeared on My Chemical Romance's album "The Black Parade", providing backing vocals and singing a solo part with Gerard Way on the track "Mama."

paragraph: Minnelli was nominated in 2009 for Best Traditional Pop Vocal Album for her studio recording "Liza's at the Palace...!", based on her hit Broadway show.

paragraph: Minnelli released an album on the Decca Records label titled "Confessions" on September 21, 2010.

paragraph: On June 25, 2019, "The New York Times Magazine" listed Liza Minnelli among hundreds of artists whose material was reportedly destroyed in the 2008 Universal fire.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Film.

paragraph: Her first appearance on film is as the baby in the very last shot of her mother's film "In the Good Old Summertime" (1949). Her first credited film role was as the love-interest in "Charlie Bubbles" (1967), Albert Finney's only film as director and star, although four years earlier, she did voiceover work for the animated film "Journey Back to Oz", a sequel to "The Wizard of Oz". Minnelli was the voice of Dorothy (a character played in the earlier film by her mother Judy Garland) in what would have been her first credited film role had it been released in 1964 as planned—the Filmation production was delayed, eventually being released in the UK during 1972.

paragraph: Minnelli appeared in "The Sterile Cuckoo" (1969), s, Alan J. Pakula's first feature film, as Pookie Adams, a needy, eccentric teenager. Her performance was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role. She played another eccentric character in "Tell Me That You Love Me, Junie Moon" (1970), directed by Otto Preminger.

paragraph: Minnelli appeared in her best-known film role, Sally Bowles, in the film version of "Cabaret" (1972). She said that one of the things she did to prepare was to study photographs of actresses Louise Glaum and Louise Brooks and the dark-haired women of the era in which the film is set. Minnelli won the Academy Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for her performance, along with a Golden Globe Award, BAFTA Award, and also Sant Jordi Award and David di Donatello Award for Best Foreign Actress.

paragraph: Following the success of "Cabaret", Bob Fosse and Minnelli teamed for "Liza with a 'Z'. A Concert for Television", a television special. The program aired two times on TV and was not seen again until a DVD release in 2006.

paragraph: Minnelli worked with her father in "A Matter of Time" (1976), co-starring Ingrid Bergman. However, her role in the musical drama film "New York, New York" (1977) gave Minnelli her best known signature song. She sometimes performed duets on stage with Frank Sinatra, who recorded a cover version (for his "" album).

paragraph: After her performance in "Arthur" (1981), as Dudley Moore's love interest, Minnelli made fewer film appearances, although she returned to film for "" (1988) and "Stepping Out" (1991), a musical comedy drama.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Television.

paragraph: During the 1950s, Minnelli appeared as a child guest on Art Linkletter's show and sang and danced with Gene Kelly on his first television special in 1959. She was a guest star in one episode of the "Ben Casey" and was a frequent guest on chat shows of the day including numerous appearances on shows hosted by Jack Paar, Merv Griffin, Mike Douglas, Joe Franklin, Dinah Shore and Johnny Carson. During the 1960s, she made several guest appearances on "Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In" as well as other variety shows such as "The Ed Sullivan Show", "The Hollywood Palace", and "The Judy Garland Show".

paragraph: In 1964, she appeared as Minnie in her first television dramatic role in the episode "Nightingale for Sale" on Craig Stevens's short-lived series "Mr. Broadway".

paragraph: In December 1992, American Public Television aired "Liza Minnelli Live from Radio City Music Hall" produced by Phil Ramone and Chris Giordano. The show received six Emmy nominations and won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Individual Achievement in Music and Lyrics, awarded to Fred Ebb and John Kander.

paragraph: Much later in her career, Minnelli made guest appearances on shows such as "Arrested Development", "" and "Drop Dead Diva". In the UK, she appeared on the Ruby Wax, Graham Norton and Jonathan Ross shows, and in October 2006, participated in a comedy skit on Charlotte Church's show and was featured on Michael Parkinson's show.

paragraph: In November 2009, American Public Television aired "Liza's at the Palace", taped from September 30 to October 1, 2009 in Las Vegas at the MGM Grand's Hollywood Theatre. The executive producers of the taping, Craig Zadan and Neil Meron, were previously were involved with the 2005 rerelease of 1972's Emmy Award- and Peabody Award-winning "Liza with a 'Z"'.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Later career.

paragraph: Minnelli returned to Broadway in 1997, taking over the title role in the musical "Victor/Victoria", replacing Julie Andrews. In his review, "New York Times" critic Ben Brantley wrote "her every stage appearance is perceived as a victory of show-business stamina over psychic frailty. She asks for love so nakedly and earnestly, it seems downright vicious not to respond."

paragraph: After a serious case of viral encephalitis in 2000, doctors predicted that Minnelli would spend the rest of her life in a wheelchair and perhaps not be able to speak again. However, taking vocal and dance lessons daily (especially with Sam Harris, Ron Lewis, and Angela Bacari), she managed to recover. She returned to the stage in 2001 when asked by long-time friend Michael Jackson to perform at Madison Square Garden in New York City where she sang "Never Never Land" and the televised "You Are Not Alone" at the concert produced by future husband David Gest. Minnelli told reporters: "I am stable as a table."

paragraph: Gest was so impressed with Minnelli's stamina and ability to stun audiences that he produced her in "Liza's Back" in Spring 2002, performing to rave reviews in London and New York City. The tour featured a tribute to her mother: after years of declining fans' pleas for her to sing Garland's signature song "Over The Rainbow", she concluded Act 1 with the final refrain of her mother's anthem to an instant ovation. Amongst performing her classic hits, other numbers unreleased in the album version included "I Believe You" by The Carpenters, a rap version of "Liza with a Z", "Yes", and Mary J. Blige's "Family Affair".

paragraph: VH1 signed Minnelli and Gest in 2002 to appear in a reality show titled "Liza and David". The pilot episode was filmed following the couple around as they prepared for a party at their home, with a guest list including Ray Charles, Luther Vandross, Isaac Mizrahi, Anastacia, and others. The show was cancelled shortly after the pilot episode was filmed due to a dispute between VH1 and Gest, Minnelli, and never aired. Recordings of the pilot episode still exist.

paragraph: From 2003 through 2005, she appeared as a recurring character on the Emmy Award-winning TV sitcom "Arrested Development" as Lucille Austero (also known as "Lucille 2"), the lover of both the sexually and socially awkward Buster Bluth and Buster's brother Gob. Minnelli appeared in the role for the show's fourth season in 2013.

paragraph: In September 2006, Minnelli made a guest appearance on the long-running drama "" in "Masquerade", a Halloween-themed episode, broadcast on October 31, 2006.

paragraph: Minnelli also completed guest vocals on My Chemical Romance's 2006 concept album "The Black Parade," portraying "Mother War," a dark conception of the main character's mother in the song "Mama".

paragraph: Minnelli returned to Broadway in a new solo concert at the Palace Theatre titled "Liza's at The Palace...!", which ran from December 3, 2008 through January 4, 2009. In her second act, she performed a series of numbers created by Kay Thompson. The reviews noted that, while her voice was ragged at times, and her movements no longer elastic, the old magic was still very much present. The show then was staged at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas from September 30 to October 1, 2009, at which time it was filmed for broadcast on public television and a February 2010 DVD and Blu-ray release.

paragraph: On January 10, 2009, Minnelli made a rare live TV appearance in a surprise appearance on "Saturday Night Live", playing the best friend of Penelope (Kristen Wiig).

paragraph: On January 26, 2009, she made an appearance on "The View", singing "I Would Never Leave You" (written by Johnny Rodgers, Billy Stritch, and Brian Lane Green) from her CD "Liza's at The Palace...!". She also was interviewed by the cast of "The View".

paragraph: Minnelli was a character in the Australian musical "The Boy from Oz" (a biography of her first husband) starring Hugh Jackman. In the show's Broadway production, she was portrayed by Stephanie J. Block. In October 2009, Minnelli toured Australia, and appeared on "Australian Idol" as a mentor and guest judge. In February 2010, Minnelli appeared in a Snickers commercial along with Aretha Franklin and Betty White. Minnelli made a cameo appearance in the May 2010 release of "Sex and the City 2", in which she covered Beyoncé's hit Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It) and Cole Porter's Ev'ry Time We Say Goodbye. She made a starring appearance in December 2010 in "The Apprentice".

paragraph: Also in 2010, Minnelli released an album of a number of American standards "unplugged" with long time collaborator Billy Stritch, showing a sultrier and softer, more interpretive side to her artistry. The songs are said to have been recorded several years prior and later released as the album "Confessions".

paragraph: On June 14, 2012, Minnelli headlined at Hampton Court Palace Festival. On May 9, 2014, Minnelli had a guest appearance on Cher's Dressed to Kill Tour in Brooklyn, performing "Girls Just Want to Have Fun" with Cyndi Lauper and Rosie O'Donnell. On July 24, 2015, Minnelli performed at the IP Casino Resort & Spa, celebrating the 50th anniversary of the closing of "Flora the Red Menace".

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Minnelli has long suffered from alcoholism and has been addicted to prescription drugs, originating from a Valium prescription after her mother died. Her use of recreational drugs in the 1970s was noted by Andy Warhol, who in a 1978 diary entry recalled Minnelli arriving at Halston's house and imploring the host to "Give me every drug you've got." Along with Warhol and Bianca Jagger, Minnelli made frequent appearances at New York City nightclubs during the late 1970s. Minnelli left her 1984 musical "The Rink" to enter the Betty Ford Clinic.

paragraph: Minnelli has stated that she is an Episcopalian.

paragraph: The family moved the remains of Minnelli's mother Judy Garland from Ferncliff Cemetery in Greenburgh, Westchester County, New York to Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Los Angeles, California in 2017.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.:Marriages.

paragraph: Minnelli has married and divorced four times. Her first marriage was to entertainer Peter Allen on March 3, 1967. Australian-born Allen was Judy Garland's protégé in the mid-1960s. They divorced on July 24, 1974. Minnelli told "The Advocate" editor-in-chief Judy Wieder in September 1996 "I married Peter, and he didn't tell me he was gay. Everyone knew but me. And I found out ... well, let me put it this way: I'll never surprise anybody coming home as long as I live. I call first!"

paragraph: Later that year, Minnelli married Jack Haley Jr., a producer and director, on September 15, 1974. His father, Jack Haley, was Garland's co-star in "The Wizard of Oz." They divorced in April 1979.

paragraph: Minnelli was married to Mark Gero, a sculptor and stage manager, from December 4, 1979 until their divorce in January 1992.

paragraph: Minnelli was married to David Gest, a concert promoter, from March 16, 2002 until their separation in July 2003, and their divorce in April 2007. In a 2003 lawsuit, Gest alleged that Minnelli beat him in alcohol-induced rages during their marriage.

paragraph: Minnelli also had relationships with Rock Brynner (son of Yul Brynner), Desi Arnaz, Jr., Peter Sellers, and Martin Scorsese.

paragraph: Minnelli has no children; one pregnancy left her with a hiatal hernia as a result of the medical steps taken to try to save the baby.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.:Philanthropy.

paragraph: Throughout her lifetime, Minnelli has served on various charities and causes. She served on the board of directors of The Institutes for The Achievement of Human Potential (IAHP) for 20 years, a nonprofit educational organization that introduces parents to the field of child brain development. In a 2006 interview with Randy Rice at Broadwayworld.com, Minnelli said that she was the person who told Elizabeth Taylor about HIV/AIDS while talking about their mutual friend Rock Hudson. She has also dedicated much time to amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research, which was co-founded by Taylor.

paragraph: In 2007, she stated in an interview with "Palm Springs Life": "AmfAR is important to me because I've lost so many friends that I knew [to AIDS]". In 1994, she recorded the Kander & Ebb tune "The Day After That" and donated the proceeds to AIDS research. The same year, she performed the song in front of thousands in Central Park at the 25th anniversary of the Stonewall riots.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Studio albums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Liza! Liza!" (1964)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "It Amazes Me" (1965)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "There Is a Time" (1966)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Liza Minnelli" (1968)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Come Saturday Morning" (1969)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New Feelin'" (1970)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Singer" (1973)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tropical Nights" (1977)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Results" (1989)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gently" (1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Confessions" (2010)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Liza Minnelli discography

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of awards and nominations received by Liza Minnelli

paragraph: BULLET::::- Honorific nicknames in popular music

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of persons who have won Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony Awards

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Leigh, Wendy (1993), "Liza: Born a Star". E.P. Dutton

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mair, George (1996), "Under the Rainbow: The Real Liza Minnelli". Carol Publishing

paragraph: BULLET::::- Schechter, Scott (2004), "The Liza Minnelli Scrapbook". Kensington Books/Citadel Press * See Free Preview at Amazon.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Spada, James (1983), "Judy and Liza". Doubleday

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wimmer, Martin (2018), "Clockwork Liza. Star und Künstlerin: Das Lebenswerk der Liza Minnelli". BoD-Books on Demand * See Free Preview at Amazon.com

description: American actress and singer

enwikiquote_title: Liza Minnelli

wikidata_label: Liza Minnelli

wikipedia_title: Liza Minnelli


text:
bassist
Jeff Beck
Prince
Eric Clapton
Herbie Hancock
Mick Jagger
Bass Player
Don Was
Leonard Cohen
bandleader
eponym
guitar
bass
Wayne Krantz
Vinnie Colaiuta
The Who
The Who Hits 50!
single
Blake Mills
Benmont Tench

wikipedia_title:
Bassist
Jeff Beck
Prince (musician)
Eric Clapton
Herbie Hancock
Mick Jagger
Bass Player (magazine)
Don Was
Leonard Cohen
Bandleader
Eponym
Guitar
Bass guitar
Wayne Krantz
Vinnie Colaiuta
The Who
The Who Hits 50!
Single (music)
Blake Mills
Benmont Tench

categories: Australian bass guitarists,Guitarists from Los Angeles,21st-century bass guitarists,Living people,Australian session musicians,1986 births,Australian singer-songwriters,21st-century women musicians,21st-century American guitarists,21st-century Australian singers,Female bass guitarists,Australian female singers,People from Sydney,Jazz fusion musicians,Australian female guitarists,Jazz fusion bass guitarists

paragraph: Tal Wilkenfeld

paragraph: Tal Wilkenfeld (born 2 December 1986) is an Australian bassist, singer, songwriter and guitarist who has performed alongside artists including Jeff Beck, Prince, Eric Clapton, Herbie Hancock and Mick Jagger. In 2008, Wilkenfeld was voted "The Year's Most Exciting New Player" by "Bass Player" magazine readers' choice poll. In 2013, Wilkenfeld was awarded Bass Player Magazine's "Young Gun Award" by Don Was, where she performed "Chelsea Hotel" by Leonard Cohen.

paragraph: Wilkenfeld is a bandleader of her own eponymous bands in which she she sings, plays guitar and bass. In her earlier work, she was backed by musicians such as Wayne Krantz and Vinnie Colaiuta. She opened for The Who on the North American part of The Who Hits 50! tour in 2016. In 2016, Wilkenfeld released a single entitled "Corner Painter" which features Blake Mills and Benmont Tench. On March 15, 2019, Wilkenfeld released her vocal debut album 'Love Remains,' which reached No. 1 on the Billboard Heatseeker charts on the first week of its release.ref name="billboard2"nowiki

description: Australian musician

wikidata_label: Tal Wilkenfeld

wikipedia_title: Tal Wilkenfeld


text:
pamphleteer
Quebec independence
Israel-Lebanon conflict
Julien Poulin
Hezbollah
David Suzuki
Conservative Party
Speak White
Elvis Gratton
The Party
Le temps des bouffons
Octobre
February 15, 1839
Cinema of Quebec
Quebec sovereignty movement
Official website
Unofficial website

categories: Quebec sovereigntists,Deaths from cancer in Quebec,Film directors from Montreal,1946 births,2009 deaths

paragraph: Pierre Falardeau

paragraph: Pierre Falardeau (December 28, 1946 – September 25, 2009) was a Canadian film and documentary director, pamphleteer and noted activist for Quebec independence.

paragraph: With regard to minorities, Falardeau stated he did not care whether someone was white, black, yellow or green with orange polka dots; those who supported independence he considered brothers and sisters, and those who did not were "the enemy".

paragraph: Falardeau died on September 25, 2009, following a long battle with cancer.

paragraph: Falardeau created some controversy during his career. For example, in 2006, a photograph surfaced of him at an August 2006 Montreal pro-peace rally about the Israel-Lebanon conflict. The picture shows Falardeau with some young men and his friend and filmmaking partner Julien Poulin holding a Hezbollah flag. When asked to comment, Falardeau responded that he approached the men to understand why they supported Hezbollah, and that the flag belonged to the young men.

paragraph: He also created controversy in October 2008 with a column denouncing biologist and environmentalist David Suzuki for having said he was disappointed in those Quebecers who supported the Conservative Party. Falardeau referred to Dr. Suzuki as "a little goateed Jap-noodle" ("un petit japonouille à barbiche").

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Continuons le combat" - 1971

paragraph: BULLET::::- "À mort" - 1972

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les canadiens sont là" - 1973

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le magra" - 1975

paragraph: BULLET::::- "À force de courage" - 1977

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pea Soup" - 1979

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Speak White" - 1980

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Elvis Gratton" - 1981

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les vacances d'Elvis Gratton" - 1983

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pas encore Elvis Gratton!" - 1985

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Elvis Gratton: Le king des kings" - 1985

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Party (Le Party)" - 1990

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le steak" - 1992

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le temps des bouffons" - 1993

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Octobre" - 1994

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Elvis Gratton II: Miracle à Memphis" - 1999

paragraph: BULLET::::- "February 15, 1839 (15 février 1839)" - 2001

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Elvis Gratton 3: Le retour d'Elvis Wong" - 2004

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cinema of Quebec

paragraph: BULLET::::- Quebec sovereignty movement

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Unofficial website

description: Canadian film director, screenwriter, writer

wikidata_label: Pierre Falardeau

wikipedia_title: Pierre Falardeau


text:
Protestant reformer
Germany
Switzerland
Konstanz
Tübingen
Philip Melanchthon
Benedictine
Alpirsbach Abbey
Thomas Blarer
Wittenberg
Luther's
reformed
vows
habit
Johannes Zwick
Konrad Zwick
city council
sin
moral law
liturgy
Martin Bucer
Strasbourg
Zwingli
Luther
Tetrapolitan Confession
Augsburg Confession
Memmingen
Ulm
Philip Melanchthon
Huldrych Zwingli
John Calvin
Martin Bucer
Heinrich Bullinger
Andreas Karlstadt
Johannes Oecolampadius
Schmalkaldic League
Emperor Charles V
Imperial Free City
Catholic Habsburg Austria
Biel
Winterthur
Swiss Confederation

categories: People from Konstanz,16th-century Swiss people,Swiss Calvinist and Reformed theologians,1564 deaths,1492 births,Swiss Protestant Reformers,German Protestant Reformers

paragraph: Ambrosius Blarer

paragraph: Ambrosius Blarer (sometimes Ambrosius Blaurer; April 4, 1492 – December 6, 1564) was an influential Protestant reformer in southern Germany and north-eastern Switzerland.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Ambrosius Blarer was born 1492 into a leading family of Konstanz. He studied theology in Tübingen where he met Philip Melanchthon with whom he kept a lifelong friendship. After getting his master‘s degree, he entered the Benedictine monastery Alpirsbach Abbey.

paragraph: Through his correspondence with Philip Melanchthon and his brother Thomas Blarer, a student in Wittenberg between 1520 and 1523, Ambrosius Blarer was well informed about Luther's teachings and began spreading them himself among his brothers. This led to a conflict between him and his superiors and in 1522 Blarer fled the convent.

paragraph: He found refuge in his hometown; Constance was already well on the way to becoming reformed so he did not have to fear the consequences of breaking his vows. Nevertheless, he kept wearing his habit.

paragraph: Section::::Reformation of Konstanz.

paragraph: In February 1525, Blarer started preaching in Konstanz and he soon became a leading figure of the local Reformation. With his cousin and co-reformer Johannes Zwick and their brothers, Konrad Zwick and Thomas Blarer respectively, who were members of the city council (Thomas later became mayor), Blarer had a spiritually as well as influentially effective team to continue the reformation.

paragraph: The Konstanz Reformers were very idealistic, hoping to cleanse the city of all sin and evil. In 1526, a moral law was passed which prohibited dancing, drinking, swearing, adultery, etc. Enforcing the law proved difficult at first, until a new strategy was introduced in 1531; from then on all citizens had to take turns in functioning as moral guardians, reporting every violation of the law to the council. This eliminated the danger of the people‘s anger at the rules to be directed at any one person, as well as the danger of systematically overlooking friends and family.

paragraph: Another speciality of the Constance Reformation was their love for music. Ambrosius wrote many educational and religious songs which were sung as part of the liturgy. Several of his songs can still be found in the Swiss Evangelical Hymn-Book.

paragraph: Section::::Correspondence and influence.

paragraph: Like Martin Bucer of Strasbourg, Blarer‘s theology was greatly influenced by both Zwingli and Luther. He tried to find a position which was acceptable to both parties, which mainly led to his exclusion from both groups. In 1530, Constance signed the Tetrapolitan Confession, the „Zwinglian“ counterpart of the Augsburg Confession, which was neither accepted by the Lutherans nor the Zwinglians. The Tetrapolitan Confession was also signed by Strasbourg (Bucer was its author) and by Memmingen and Ulm, two cities for which Blarer was the main reformer.

paragraph: Ambrosius Blarer kept up a wide network of correspondence to many reformers. The best known among them included: Philip Melanchthon, Huldrych Zwingli, John Calvin, Martin Bucer, Heinrich Bullinger, Andreas Karlstadt and Johannes Oecolampadius.

paragraph: Section::::Downfall.

paragraph: The ambitions of the Constance Reformers were shattered in 1548. Unlike the other members of the Schmalkaldic League, Constance had refused to negotiate with Emperor Charles V unless they could obtain the right to keep the Protestant faith. This ended in the battle at the city gates on August 6, 1548, which Constance won, but to prevent further losses, the council finally had to agree to the Emperor‘s conditions. Because they had refused negotiations for so long, they were not only forced to abandon their Protestant faith, but also lost their title of Imperial Free City and became subject to Catholic Habsburg Austria.

paragraph: Blarer had already fled before the battle. He lived the rest of his life in exile, in Biel and Winterthur. In the Swiss Confederation he kept on preaching the gospel and advising numerous reformers who turned to him for help. He died in Winterthur December 6, 1564.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Martin Burkhardt, Wolfgang Dobras, Wolfgang Zimmermann, "Konstanz in der frühen Neuzeit", Konstanz: Stadler Verlags Gesellschaft mbH, 1991

paragraph: BULLET::::2. ed. Traugott Schiess, "Briefwechsel der Brüder Ambrosius und Thomas Blaurer 1509-1567", Freiburg: Ernst Fehsenfeld, 1908

paragraph: BULLET::::3. ed. Willi Bidermann, "Das reformatorische Meisterstück des Ambrosius Blarer"

description: Swiss theologian

wikidata_label: Ambrosius Blarer

wikipedia_title: Ambrosius Blarer


text: baseball

text: pitcher

text: Houston Astros

text: Philadelphia Phillies

text: Texas Rangers

text: Colorado Rockies

text: 1996 MLB draft

text: win–loss record

text: World Series

text: Most Valuable Player

text: Joe Niekro

text: Nolan Ryan

text: All-Star

text: strikeout

text: Team USA

text: gold medal

text: 2000 Summer Olympics

text: Weir, Mississippi

text: Vietnam War

text: logger

text: Atlanta Braves

text: Weir High School

text: Holmes Community College

text: 1996 Major League Baseball draft

text: Mississippi State Bulldogs

text: Gulf Coast League

text: Auburn Doubledays

text: New York–Penn League

text: inning

text: struck out

text: batters

text: ERA

text: Class A

text: Michigan Battle Cats

text: Midwest League

text: shoulder

text: spark plug

text: electric current

text: Sports Illustrated

text: scar tissue

text: Kissimmee Cobras

text: Florida State League

text: Class AA

text: Round Rock Express

text: Texas League

text: manager

text: Jackie Moore

text: Nolan Ryan

text: Mike Maddux

text: 2000 Summer Olympics

text: Olympic baseball

text: South Korea

text: Doug Mientkiewicz

text: gold medal

text: Triple-A

text: New Orleans Zephyrs

text: Wayne Franklin

text: rookie

text: National League Rookie of the Year

text: Albert Pujols

text: Cy Young Award

text: Randy Johnson

text: Andrés Galarraga

text: San Francisco Giants

text: Éric Gagné

text: St. Louis Cardinals

text: no-hitter

text: New York Yankees

text: National League

text: Roger Clemens

text: Milwaukee Brewers

text: Darryl Kile Award

text: Joe Niekro

text: Major League Baseball All-Star Game

text: All-Star Final Vote

text: Chris Carpenter

text: NLCS MVP

text: Brandon Webb

text: Cincinnati Reds

text: Triple Crown

text: Johan Santana

text: John Smoltz

text: All-Star Game

text: Roy Halladay

text: Jake Peavy

text: Justin Verlander

text: World Baseball Classic

text: J. A. Happ

text: Anthony Gose

text: Jonathan Villar

text: Ryan Howard

text: checked swing

text: Raúl Ibañez

text: putout

text: Bill Wilson

text: New York Mets

text: 2010 NLDS

text: 2010 NLCS

text: Roy Halladay

text: Cliff Lee

text: Cole Hamels

text: starting rotations

text: devastating tornadoes in Mississippi

text: disabled list

text: 2011 NLDS

text: ESPN

text: Jayson Stark

text: Weir, Mississippi

text: Texas Rangers

text: Round Rock Express

text: Frisco RoughRiders

text: home

text: Colorado Rockies

text: Ryan Dempster

text: Tampa Bay Rays

text: Matt Harrison

text: Oakland Athletics

text: Colorado Rockies

text: Washington Nationals

text: Lance Berkman

text: Four-seam fastball

text: Two-seam fastball

text: Curveball

text: Changeup

text: Slider

text: circle change

text: fosh

text: strikeout-to-walk ratio

text: error

text: Kosciusko

text: List of Houston Astros no-hitters

categories: National League Championship Series MVPs,Houston Astros players,Tulsa Drillers players,Auburn Doubledays players,Olympic gold medalists for the United States in baseball,Colorado Rockies players,Grand Junction Rockies players,Philadelphia Phillies players,Olympic baseball players of the United States,Texas Rangers players,National League All-Stars,New Orleans Zephyrs players,Baseball players at the 2000 Summer Olympics,People from Choctaw County, Mississippi,1977 births,2009 World Baseball Classic players,Michigan Battle Cats players,Kissimmee Cobras players,Gulf Coast Astros players,National League ERA champions,National League wins champions,Baseball players from Mississippi,Major League Baseball pitchers,Living people,Frisco RoughRiders players,Lehigh Valley IronPigs players,Clearwater Threshers players,Round Rock Express players

paragraph: Roy Oswalt

paragraph: Roy Oswalt (; born August 29, 1977) is a former American professional baseball pitcher who played for the majority of his career with the Houston Astros. He also played for the Philadelphia Phillies, the Texas Rangers, and the Colorado Rockies.

paragraph: Oswalt was selected by the Astros in the 1996 MLB draft. He made his major league debut with the club in 2001 and finished with a win–loss record of 14–3. He was a back-to-back 20-game winner in 2004 and 2005. He helped the Astros to their first World Series appearance in 2005, and was named Most Valuable Player of the 2005 National League Championship Series (NLCS). When he left the Astros in 2010 his wins (143) and strikeout total (1,593) was second in franchise history to Joe Niekro (144) and Nolan Ryan (1,866). He is a three-time All-Star, selected from 2005 to 2007. As of the 2012 season his career strikeout total was in the top 100 all-time.

paragraph: As a member of Team USA, Oswalt won a gold medal in the 2000 Summer Olympics.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Oswalt was born and raised in Weir, Mississippi, the son of Billy Joe and Jean Oswalt. Billy was a Vietnam War veteran and logger. Roy grew up with his older brother, Brian, and their older sister, Patricia. Jean was an avid baseball fan and taught her kids about the game. Oswalt grew up rooting for the Atlanta Braves.

paragraph: Oswalt joined the Weir High School football team as a quarterback and the baseball team as a pitcher. He could throw in the mid 80s with good control, but his relatively slight stature (5'10", 150 lbs.) scared away scouts. Oswalt reflected, "I always heard that I was too small." Weir itself was very small in size, making it difficult for scouts to hear about Oswalt. Nonetheless, he was recruited to join the baseball team at Holmes Community College.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Minor league career.

paragraph: Oswalt was spotted by only one major league scout, James Farrar of the Houston Astros. Convinced that Oswalt's anonymity kept him hidden from other teams, the Astros allowed him to drop into the 23rd round of the 1996 Major League Baseball draft. By this point, Oswalt had drawn the attention of the Mississippi State Bulldogs, for whom he had long wanted play. The Astros enticed Oswalt with a $500,000 signing bonus, and he signed with the club on May 18, 1997.

paragraph: In 1997, Oswalt played rookie ball in the Gulf Coast League, where he gave up only two runs in five starts. He was then called up to the Auburn Doubledays of the New York–Penn League, where he went 2–4 the rest of the way.

paragraph: He split 1998 between the same two teams. In 16 innings of work with the Gulf Coast Astros, he struck out 27 batters and walked just one. He was promoted again to Auburn, where he recorded the league's fourth-lowest ERA (2.18).

paragraph: In 1999, when Oswalt was with the Class A Michigan Battle Cats in the Midwest League, he suffered an apparently serious shoulder injury. After a month of pain in his upper shoulder, Oswalt was convinced that his shoulder was torn. Shortly thereafter, he was checking the spark plug wires on his pickup truck. He touched one of the spark plug wires, causing the truck's engine to start. The truck's electric current flowed through Oswalt's body, and consequently the muscles in his hand tightened on the spark plug wire. Unable to let go of it, Oswalt grasped the wire for almost one minute. Oswalt then claimed his foot slipped off the truck's bumper and he was finally "thrown off." After the electric shock, Oswalt told his wife that his shoulder's condition improved and that he no longer felt any pain. According to "Sports Illustrated", he reported it thus to his wife: "My truck done shocked the fire out of me, and my arm don't hurt no more." Apparently, the electric charge loosened accumulated scar tissue in the shoulder. Oswalt claims he has not felt any pain in his shoulder since the incident. He finished 1999 with 143 strikeouts and a club-high 13 wins.

paragraph: Oswalt began 2000 with the Class A Kissimmee Cobras of the Florida State League, going 4–3 with a 2.98 ERA before a player injury on Class AA Round Rock Express of the Texas League led to his promotion. Oswalt was only expected to pitch a few games and had been given a round-trip ticket. But after striking out 15 batters in his first start with the Express, manager Jackie Moore tore up his ticket. Nolan Ryan, owner of the Express and Oswalt's idol, admired his calm demeanor and his aggressiveness so much that he successfully lobbied to keep Oswalt on the roster, where he would go 11–4 with a 1.94 ERA, and recording 141 strikeouts over 19 games (18 starts). It was here that he met pitching coach Mike Maddux, who counseled the young Oswalt to be economical in his pitch selection by throwing more breaking balls and inducing groundouts early in the count.

paragraph: As a result of his success at Round Rock, Oswalt was selected to play on the U.S. Olympic baseball team at the 2000 Summer Olympics. In Olympic baseball competition, Oswalt pitched in the semi-finals against South Korea, a game that the U.S. won with a walk-off home run by Doug Mientkiewicz en route to their gold medal finish. Oswalt struck out ten and allowed two runs (1.38 ERA) in his two starts.

paragraph: In 2001, Oswalt started the season with the Triple-A New Orleans Zephyrs, where he went 2–3 before being called up to the major leagues when left-hander Wayne Franklin was optioned down.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Major league career.:Houston Astros (2001–2009).:2001–2005.

paragraph: Oswalt finished his rookie campaign in 2001 with a 14–3 record and a 2.73 ERA, including a 12–2 mark with a 2.82 ERA in his 20 starts. He finished second in voting for National League Rookie of the Year, losing unanimously to Albert Pujols. He also placed fifth in Cy Young Award voting, which was won by Randy Johnson. He won the "Sporting News" NL Rookie Pitcher of the Year Award. He pitched 24 consecutive scoreless innings before giving up a home run to Andrés Galarraga of the San Francisco Giants.

paragraph: The 2002 season was another step forward for Oswalt, who finished the season with a 19–9 record, striking out a career-high 208 batters and finishing with an ERA of 3.01. He tied with Éric Gagné for fourth in Cy Young voting, losing once again to Johnson. From July 27 to September 8, he won a then-club record 9 straight starts before getting a no-decision in an extra innings' Astros loss to the St. Louis Cardinals.

paragraph: Injuries plagued Oswalt in 2003, but he still recorded a 10–5 record over 21 starts. He started a team no-hitter against the New York Yankees on June 11. Oswalt left after one inning, and 5 more Astros continued to no-hit the Yankees.

paragraph: He rebounded in 2004 with the first 20-win season of his career, the only National League (NL) pitcher to do so that year. He went 20–10 despite a career-high 3.49 ERA, and struck out 206 batters. He finished third in Cy Young Award voting, behind his teammate Roger Clemens and, once again, Randy Johnson. He also made his first postseason appearance, going 1–0 with a 4.19 ERA in three starts and one relief appearance. He threw two complete-game shutouts during the season, both against the Milwaukee Brewers. He led all NL starters with the fastest average fastball, at . He won the Darryl Kile Award.

paragraph: In 2005, Oswalt threw a career-high 241 innings, striking out 184 batters and only walking 48 on the way to his second consecutive 20-win season — the first Astro to do so since Joe Niekro in 1979–80. He notched a 20–12 record, including a career-best 10-game winning streak from April 10 to July 26, with a 2.94 ERA, and was named to his first Major League Baseball All-Star Game as the National League All-Star Final Vote winner. He was fourth in Cy Young Award balloting, won by Chris Carpenter. In the postseason that year, Oswalt started 4 games and went 3–0. His two seven inning one-run performances netted him the NLCS MVP award, including a three-hit seven strikeout game in Game 6.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Major league career.:Houston Astros (2001–2009).:2006–2009.

paragraph: Oswalt went 15–8 in 2006 and was named to his second consecutive All-Star team and his final ERA led NL (2.94), and also struck out 166 batters while walking 38. On August 29, 2006, Oswalt's 29th birthday, he signed a five-year extension with the Astros totaling $73 million with an option for a 6th year. He again finished fourth in Cy Young Award voting, won by Brandon Webb. On September 18, while pitching against the Cincinnati Reds, Oswalt recorded his 1,000th strikeout, becoming the eighth player in Astros history to reach the milestone.

paragraph: Before the 2007 season, Roy Oswalt received the second-highest Pitcher Player Value Ranking from "Sports Illustrated" Baseball Preview Edition. He was rated the best in the NL ahead of Brandon Webb and Chris Carpenter, and was only below the 2006 Triple Crown winner Johan Santana. On July 5, 2007, it was announced Oswalt would replace an injured John Smoltz on the National League All-Star team, making it Oswalt's third consecutive All-Star game appearance. He did not pitch in the All-Star Game, however. On August 13, 2007, "Sports Illustrated" named Oswalt as one of the top five pitchers (along with Santana, Roy Halladay, Jake Peavy, and Justin Verlander). On September 26, 2007, it was reported that Oswalt was suffering from pain in his left side and it was decided to shut him down for the remainder of the season so as not to risk a more serious injury. He finished the 2007 season throwing 212 innings, his fourth consecutive year of 200 or more innings pitched, a 14–7 record, an ERA of 3.18 and 154 strikeouts.

paragraph: Although he started off the 2008 season slowly (0–3, 9.00 ERA), a solid second half helped Oswalt reach his highest win total since 2005. Oswalt was able to accomplish this despite landing on the disabled list on July 19 for the first time since 2006. He also set an Astros team record with 32 scoreless innings. He finished the 2008 season throwing 208 innings, his fifth consecutive year of 200 or more innings pitched, a 17–10 record, an ERA of 3.54 and 165 strikeouts.

paragraph: Oswalt is one of 10 major league pitchers who won at least 11 games in each year from 2004 to 2008.

paragraph: In 2009, Oswalt played for the United States in the World Baseball Classic, appearing in two games. He was the winning pitcher in the contest versus the Netherlands, but was pulled from the semifinal against Japan in the fourth inning after giving up 6 runs.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Major league career.:Philadelphia Phillies (2010–2011).:2010.

paragraph: On July 29, Oswalt was dealt to the Philadelphia Phillies for J. A. Happ and two minor league players, center fielder Anthony Gose, and shortstop Jonathan Villar, playing for Class-A Advanced and Class-A, respectively.

paragraph: On August 24, Oswalt became the first Phillies pitcher to field in a non-pitching position in 39 years. In a game against the Houston Astros, Phillies' first baseman Ryan Howard was ejected after arguing a checked swing to end the top of the 15th inning. Out of offensive reserves, the Phillies moved left fielder Raúl Ibañez to first base and sent Oswalt to play left field. Oswalt acquired one putout in the outfield, but later hit into the final out of the Phillies loss by grounding out in the bottom of the 16th inning. The previous Phillies pitcher to play a position was Bill Wilson, who played third base for one-third of an inning on August 6, 1971.

paragraph: On September 12, Oswalt pitched his first complete game as a Phillie in a 3–0 win against the New York Mets, allowing four hits and striking out six.

paragraph: In the 2010 NLDS, Oswalt pitched Game 2 of the Phillies' three-game sweep of the Cincinnati Reds; he gave up 4 runs in 5 innings, but the Phillies came back to win 7–4. In the 2010 NLCS against the San Francisco Giants, Oswalt won Game 2 by allowing only 1 run in 8 innings. Oswalt entered Game 4 in the bottom of the ninth inning, attempting to preserve a tie game, but took the loss. In Game 6, Oswalt allowed 2 runs in 6 innings but left with the game tied; the Giants later broke the tie to win that game and the series.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Major league career.:Philadelphia Phillies (2010–2011).:2011.

paragraph: Going into the 2011 season, the Phillies' top four pitchers (Roy Halladay, Cliff Lee, Oswalt, and Cole Hamels) were widely touted as constituting one of the best starting rotations in history.

paragraph: After a strong start to the 2011 season, Oswalt took a leave of absence from the Phillies on April 27, 2011, citing "personal reasons", namely to check on his family and home after a series of devastating tornadoes in Mississippi. He later spent several weeks on the disabled list due to a back injury. Overall, his season was considered to be disappointing, perhaps due to his back problems.

paragraph: In the 2011 NLDS, Oswalt started Game 4 with the Phillies leading the St. Louis Cardinals 2 games to 1 and needing only one more win to advance. Oswalt allowed 5 runs in 6 innings and took the loss. The Phillies also lost Game 5 and were eliminated from the playoffs.

paragraph: After the 2011 season for the Phillies, the team declined his option, thus making him a free agent.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Major league career.:Free agency (2012).

paragraph: Oswalt was regarded as one of the top starters on the free agent market and was courted by several teams. ESPN's Jayson Stark reported that Oswalt, only 34 years old and up to that point an elite pitcher, was holding out for the hope of a large salary from a team relatively close to his hometown of Weir, Mississippi. However, several of the teams on Oswalt's list were not interested, and Stark reported that Oswalt's performance in 2011 prevented other teams from offering the money he expected.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Major league career.:Texas Rangers (2012).

paragraph: On May 29, it was reported that Oswalt had signed a minor league deal with the Texas Rangers.

paragraph: To get back to form, Roy started four games in the Rangers' minor league system; three games for the Triple-A Round Rock Express and one for the Double-A Frisco RoughRiders. Throughout the four starts, he went 1–1 with a 5.87 ERA.

paragraph: On June 20, the Rangers announced that Oswalt would make his first start with the major league club on Friday, June 22, a home game against the Colorado Rockies. In his debut with the Rangers, Oswalt pitched 6 innings. He collected 6 strikeouts, while surrendering 9 hits and one earned run. He received an ovation from the crowd as he exited.

paragraph: On July 31, the Rangers moved Oswalt to the bullpen after the acquisition of Ryan Dempster.

paragraph: On August 23, Oswalt made a spot start against the Tampa Bay Rays to give Matt Harrison an extra day of rest. However, he was removed after two innings with soreness in his elbow. On September 11, he was diagnosed with a right forearm strain and did not throw for several days. His first appearance since the injury was on September 24 in a game against the Oakland Athletics. He pitched two scoreless innings of relief. The next day, he pitched 1.1 innings.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Major league career.:Colorado Rockies (2013).

paragraph: Oswalt agreed to a minor league deal with the Colorado Rockies on May 2, 2013. He made his Rockies debut on June 20 against the Washington Nationals, pitching 5 innings and giving up 4 earned runs on 9 hits with 11 strikeouts.

paragraph: Oswalt retired after the season and went to work for his former agent. Oswalt, along with former teammate Lance Berkman signed a one-day contract with Houston to officially retire as an Astro on April 5, 2014.

paragraph: Oswalt was eligible to be elected into the Hall of Fame in 2019, but received less than 5% of the vote and became ineligible for the 2020 ballot.

paragraph: Section::::Pitching style.

paragraph: Oswalt threw the following five pitches:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Four-seam fastball – His main pitch,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Two-seam fastball –

paragraph: BULLET::::- Curveball –

paragraph: BULLET::::- Changeup –

paragraph: BULLET::::- Slider –

paragraph: Oswalt's repertoire and approach evolved over time. His changeup was originally a rarely used circle change. However, in 2010, he changed the grip to make it more similar to a "fosh" grip. Originally a fastball-curveball pitcher, Oswalt made his changeup part of his standard repertoire. He threw it only 4% of the time in 2008, but that jumped to 19% by 2011. He says it also helped compensate for slightly reduced fastball velocity as a result of his age.

paragraph: His curveball was a common 2-strike offering, and his changeup was frequently used in those counts to right-handed hitters. He also often used the change as a substitute for a fastball when he was behind in the count. He liked to work his fastball high in the strike zone: "It's often the best pitch for me to throw to a guy who is sitting on a fastball. If I throw it high, a lot of times he'll swing and not catch up to it."

paragraph: Oswalt had good control throughout his career. He appeared in the top 10 in the National League in BB/9 rate seven times, as well as six times in strikeout-to-walk ratio. He also finished four seasons without making an error.

paragraph: Oswalt was known as one of the faster workers in baseball in terms of time between pitches.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Oswalt is married, and has three daughters.

paragraph: He is a hobbyist of deer hunting. He has won Weir's buck hunting contest multiple times, thanks in part to the property he co-owns with his brother in nearby Kosciusko.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Houston Astros no-hitters

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball career strikeout leaders

description: American professional baseball player, pitcher

wikidata_label: Roy Oswalt

wikipedia_title: Roy Oswalt


text:
South African Navy
BOC Challenge
Voortrekker
1986–87
Maiden
Springbok colours
Gordon's Bay
Victoria & Alfred Waterfront
Robin Knox-Johnson

categories: 1943 births,People from Port Elizabeth,South African male sailors (sport),2006 deaths,Single-handed circumnavigating sailors,South African Navy personnel,Deaths from cancer

paragraph: Bertie Reed

paragraph: Stanley John Reed, more commonly known as Bertie Reed, was a South African yachtsman. He was the first South African to complete three singlehanded circumnavigations.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Reed was born in Port Elizabeth in 1943.

paragraph: He joined the South African Navy in 1961 and served for 21 years. He started sailing whilst in the Navy.

paragraph: In the 1982/83 BOC Challenge race he placed second in the Knysna built yacht, Voortrekker. At the time Voortrekker was 14 years old and considered obsolete.

paragraph: In the 1986–87 race he was placed 7th, sailing "Stabilo Boss", a yacht subsequently raced as "Maiden".

paragraph: He was awarded South Africa's highest civilian award for bravery, the Wolraad Woltemade Decoration for his rescue of sailor John Martin whose yacht sank after hitting a submerged iceberg in the Southern Ocean during the 1990–91 BOC Challenge.

paragraph: In 2006 he was inducted into the Single-Handed Sailors' Hall of Fame.

paragraph: He received Springbok colours 5 times for sailing.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: He died at his home in Gordon's Bay from cancer.

paragraph: In 2009 a bronze bust of Bertie Reed, by local Cape Town sculptor Charl Frank, was unveiled at the Victoria & Alfred Waterfront by Sir Robin Knox-Johnson.

description: South African yachtsman

wikidata_label: Bertie Reed

wikipedia_title: Bertie Reed


text:
World War II
Filthy Thirteen
29th Ranger Battalion
101st Airborne Division
506th Parachute Infantry Regiment
Filthy Thirteen
Normandy
France
Normandy Invasion
Operation Overlord
Market-Garden
Battle of the Bulge
Hitler's
Berchtesgaden
Wiltshire
Glen Spean
Acharacle
Jake McNiece
Operation Overlord
Operation Market-Garden
Battle of the Bulge
Adolf Hitler
Legion of Honor
The Legion of Honor
The Honorable Service Lapel button
The Bronze Star
Honor
Report
Profile
News report
Write up
News report

categories: American army personnel of World War II,2013 deaths,1917 births,Native American United States military personnel,Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur

paragraph: Jack Womer

paragraph: Jack Neitz Womer (18 June 1917 – 28 December 2013) was a decorated American World War II veteran and a member of the Filthy Thirteen who was known for his World War II exploits. Womer was a member of the 29th Ranger Battalion, the 101st Airborne Division and the 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment (506th PIR).

paragraph: Throughout his service in the 101st Airborne Division, Womer was assigned to the Demolitions Platoon of the 506th PIR Regimental Headquarters Company in the section known officially as the First Demolitions Section and nicknamed the Filthy Thirteen. Known for his astuteness in battle, which he attributed to his rigorous training by British Commandos while in the 29th Ranger Battalion, Womer was never injured in combat.

paragraph: Womer was among the members of the Filthy Thirteen who parachuted into Normandy, France, on 6 June 1944 as part of the Normandy Invasion (Operation Overlord). He was the only one that remained in the Filthy Thirteen and participated in Operation Market-Garden in September 1944, the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944, and the advance on Hitler's home in Berchtesgaden, Germany, in 1945. At the time of his death on December 28, 2013, Womer was the last living member of the original Filthy Thirteen. In May 2012, Womer's biography, "Fighting With the Filthy Thirteen: The World War II Story of Jack Womer: Ranger and Paratrooper", co-written by close friend Stephen C. DeVito, was published.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Womer was born on 18 June 1917 in Lewistown, Pennsylvania, as the fourth child of Methodist parents— mainly of Dutch descent. His father, William Walker (“Walk”) Womer, worked as an open-hearth melter in a steel mill in Lewistown. Womer's mother, Roxie Womer, was a housewife. A few months after Womer was born, Roxie became ill and sent Womer to Sunbury, Pennsylvania, to live with her sister Dolsie. In 1922, Womer was still living in Sunbury with his aunt; his father decided to move the family from Lewistown, Pennsylvania to a small row house in Sparrows Point, Maryland. In 1930 the eight-member Womer family relocated to a larger, single family house in Dundalk, Maryland.

paragraph: Womer attended public and private schools. He was quite athletic and was awarded an athletic scholarship to attend the Franklin Day School, a private high school in Baltimore, Maryland, where he enjoyed dancing in nightclubs. During the late 1930s Womer was known as the best jitter-bugger in Baltimore, and was nicknamed “jitterbug”. Womer began his employment in 1936 at Bethlehem Steel and, except for the four-and-a-half years he served in the military during World War II, continued working there until he retired in 1982.

paragraph: Womer married Theresa Cook in November 1945 in Saint Patrick's Catholic Church in Baltimore. They remained married until Theresa's death in 1987. They had two children; a son, John, and a daughter, Ellen. John died in the early 1990s. Soon after Theresa's death, Womer moved from their home in Dundalk to a single family house in Fort Howard, Maryland. Womer died at 96 years of age on 28 December 2013.

paragraph: Section::::Military service.

paragraph: Womer was drafted into the U.S. Army on 25 April 1941. He was assigned to the 175th Infantry Regiment, Company C, of the 29th Infantry Division. From April to September 1941, he trained with the 29th Infantry Division at Fort Meade, Maryland. A year later, the 29th Infantry Division was sent to Europe by sea. Approximately half of the Division was sent in late September 1942 on the Queen Mary. In early October 1942, Womer and the rest of the Division were sent to Europe on the Queen Elizabeth. The 29th Infantry Division billeted him at Tidworth Barracks, an old military camp in Wiltshire, England, and he continued to undertake training exercises.

paragraph: Section::::Military service.:29th Provisional Ranger Battalion.

paragraph: In late November or early December 1942, it was announced that a new Ranger battalion, the 29th Provisional Ranger Battalion, was to be formed within the 29th Infantry Division. Men for the new battalion were chosen from the 29th Infantry Division, and soldiers within the Division interested in being considered for it were asked to volunteer. Only those volunteers who met the very strict physical and psychological requirements would be allowed to try out for the battalion. Womer was among the relatively few volunteers who passed the initial screenings and were allowed to continue to with the training. The 29th Provisional Ranger Battalion volunteers trained in the Tidworth area from December 1942 until late January 1943.

paragraph: In late January 1943, the volunteers were sent to Scotland for five weeks of intensive training under combat experienced British Commando instructors at Glen Spean. Womer and other volunteers who completed the training officially became 29th Rangers and were sent back to England. Womer said this training was the most brutal he ever experienced, but credited it for enabling him to think strategically and tactically during combat, and saving his life and the lives of others.

paragraph: In early September 1943, Womer was asked to go to the British Commando Depot at Dorlin House in Acharacle, Argyll, to assist in the training of Ranger recruits. For nearly three weeks, he trained with other British Commando and Royal Marine units in amphibious assault landings at the six very tough assault courses. In October 1943, the 29th Provisional Ranger Battalion was disbanded and the men returned to their original units within the 29th Infantry Division. Womer returned to Company C of the 175th Infantry Regiment.

paragraph: Section::::Military service.:101st Airborne Division and the Filthy Thirteen.

paragraph: Shortly after he returned to Company C of the 175th Infantry Regiment, Womer wanted to be reassigned to a more elite unit. He volunteered to become a paratrooper with the 101st Airborne Division. Womer had heard that William Myers, a Rangers sergeant, had also joined the 101st Airborne Division. Knowing Myers had been assigned to the Demolitions Platoon within the Regimental Headquarters Company of the 101st Airborne Division's 506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, Womer joined the Demolitions Platoon.

paragraph: The Demolitions Platoon was composed of three sections. Myers was in a section that was already complete but the First Demolitions Section—known as the Filthy Thirteen—was short of men. Jake McNiece, the buck sergeant of the Filthy Thirteen, had heard that Womer was trained as a Commando and had been in the 29th Ranger Battalion. Impressed with Womer's credentials, McNiece requested his assignment to the Filthy Thirteen.

paragraph: With the Filthy Thirteen, Womer participated in Operation Overlord, and later in Operation Market-Garden and the Battle of the Bulge. Womer relied heavily on his Commando training during these battles; he credits it with his own survival and enabling him to keep many other men from being killed. After Jake McNiece left the Filthy Thirteen in December 1944, Womer was promoted to buck sergeant to fill McNiece's position, which he maintained at the outset of the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944 until the end of the war. Womer was the only member of the Filthy Thirteen to participate in the Normandy Invasion, Operation Market-Garden, the Battle of the Bulge, and to advance on Adolf Hitler’s home in Berchtesgaden, Germany, while a member of the Filthy Thirteen.

paragraph: Section::::Post-World War II.

paragraph: Womer was discharged from the military in September 1945. He returned to his parents' home in Dundalk and to his job at Bethlehem Steel in Sparrows Point. In November 1945 he married his fiancée, Theresa Cook. He retired in 1982 after more than forty years at Bethlehem Steel. In June 2003, Womer was contacted by Stephen C. DeVito, after DeVito obtained an original photograph of Womer with six other men taken in February 1943, when they were training to become 29th Rangers. Womer and DeVito became friends and co-wrote Womer's biography, "Fighting with the Filthy Thirteen", which was published in May 2012 by Casemate Publishing.

paragraph: Section::::Awards and recognitions.

paragraph: Womer received many medals and decorations from the United States government for his military service. In 2012, out of gratitude for his military service, people in France petitioned the French government to award him the French Legion of Honor medal, the highest medal awarded by the French government. Womer was awarded the medal in June 2013 during a formal ceremony held in Carentan, France.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Legion of Honor

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Honorable Service Lapel button

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Sharpshooter Badge

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Bronze Star

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bastogne Medal

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Honor

paragraph: BULLET::::- Report

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- News report

paragraph: BULLET::::- Write up

paragraph: BULLET::::- News report

description: American World War II veteran, member of the Filthy Thirteen, and known for his World War II exploits

wikidata_label: Jack Womer

wikipedia_title: Jack Womer


text:
Amsterdam
Dutch
singer
actor
comedian
Acda en De Munnik
De Rijp
havo
Amsterdam
Kopspijkers
Raoul Heertje
Dit was het nieuws
Have I Got News for You
VARA
De Scheepsjongens van Bontekoe
Alles is liefde
All Stars 2: Old Stars
Flikken Maastricht

categories: Dutch male film actors,Dutch male television actors,1967 births,Dutch musicians,People from Graft-De Rijp,Dutch cabaret performers,Living people

paragraph: Thomas Acda

paragraph: Thomas Acda (born Amsterdam, 6 March 1967) is a Dutch singer, actor and comedian, known as former member of the duo Acda en De Munnik.

paragraph: Acda grew up in De Rijp and after graduating high school at havo level, Acda started the theater school, but soon switched to the Kleinkunstacademie in Amsterdam. There he met Paul de Munnik. They finished school in 1993 with a joint project for which they were awarded the Pisuisse-prize. After that they split up and went their own way.

paragraph: In 1995, Acda en De Munnik came together to make a theater show with the name "Zwerf'On". The show was a success, and they were asked to put the songs from the show on CD. From that moment on, Acda en the Munnik were involved in both music and theater.

paragraph: Acda was active on several projects. He was in the band Herman en Ik. He played in the television show "In voor en tegenspoed". He was in the comedy redaction of the show "Spijkers" (later: "Kopspijkers"). Together with comedians Raoul Heertje and Harm Edens he was member of the panel in "Dit was het nieuws" (the Dutch version of "Have I Got News for You") for several seasons. From 1997 on he played in several films, "All stars", "The missing link" and "Lek". For the soundtrack of the movie "All Stars", the song "Als Het Vuur Gedoofd Is" from Acda en de Munnik was used. The film was a success in the Netherlands, so the VARA decided to turn it into a series, in which Acda starred as goalkeeper Willem. Every episode started with the song "Groen als gras" from Acda en De Munnik.

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "In Het Belang Van De Staat", 1997

paragraph: BULLET::::- "All Stars", 1997

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fl. 19,99", 1998

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Madelief: Krassen in het Tafelblad", 1998

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Missing Link"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lek", 2000

paragraph: BULLET::::- "In Oranje", 2004

paragraph: BULLET::::- "De Scheepsjongens van Bontekoe", 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Alles is liefde", 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lover of Loser", 2009

paragraph: BULLET::::- Penoza (season 1),2010

paragraph: BULLET::::- "All Stars 2: Old Stars" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Flikken Maastricht, (2010 - 2013)

description: Dutch actor/singer

wikidata_label: Thomas Acda

wikipedia_title: Thomas Acda


text:
Japanese author
poet
essay
playwright
translator
Dada
nihilist
Epicurean
shakuhachi
music
actor
feminist
bohemian
translated
Max Stirner
The Ego and Its Own
Cesare Lombroso
Japanese
Tōkyō
Tolstoy
Kōtoku Shūsui
socialist anarchism
Oscar Wilde
Voltaire
Shinkichi Takahashi
Stirnerite
egoist anarchism
feminist
Hayashi Fumiko
Epicurus
Epicureanism
ataraxia
Egoism
Aponia
Hagiwara Kyōjirō
Egoist anarchism
Max Stirner
Panta Rhei
Creative Nothing
mu
Ryōunkaku
Asakusa
skyscraper
Great Kantō earthquake
Tower of Babel
Ishikawa Takuboku
Ryōunkaku
Cubism
Epicureanism
the Arts
anarcho-feminist
Itō Noe
Amakasu Incident
psychiatric hospital
Tengu
Tengu
alcoholism
Shinran
Tannishō
Komusō
monk
Nekkhamma
asthma
World War II
poverty
busking
shakuhachi
starvation
Murayama Tomoyoshi
Yoshiyuki Eisuke
Takahashi Shinkichi
World War II
Eros + Massacre
Hagiwara Kyōjirō
Select e-texts of Tsuji's works.
Aozora bunko
Tsuji Jun no Hibiki.
English translations of Tsuji's work.
The Brooklyn Rail

categories: Japanese anarchists,Dada,People of Meiji-period Japan,Philosophers of nihilism,Epicurean philosophers,1884 births,Japanese musicians,Epicureanism,20th-century Japanese poets,Feminist writers,1944 deaths,Egoist anarchists,Nihilists,Individualist anarchists,Writers from Tokyo,Translators to Japanese

paragraph: Jun Tsuji

paragraph: , was a Japanese author: a poet, essayist, playwright, and translator. He has also been described as a Dadaist, nihilist, Epicurean, shakuhachi musician, actor, feminist, and bohemian. He translated Max Stirner's "The Ego and Its Own" and Cesare Lombroso's "The Man of Genius" into Japanese.

paragraph: Tōkyō-born Tsuji Jun sought escape in literature from a childhood he described as "nothing but destitution, hardship, and a series of traumatizing difficulties". He became interested in the works of Tolstoy, Kōtoku Shūsui's socialist anarchism, and the literature of Oscar Wilde and Voltaire, among many others. Later, in 1920 Tsuji was introduced to Dada and became a self-proclaimed first Dadaist of Japan, a title also claimed by Tsuji's contemporary, Shinkichi Takahashi. Tsuji became a fervent proponent of Stirnerite egoist anarchism, which would become a point of contention between himself and Takahashi. He wrote one of the prologues for famed feminist poet Hayashi Fumiko's 1929 ( and was active in the radical artistic circles of his time.

paragraph: Section::::Individualist anarchism.

paragraph: Tsuji was influenced by the philosophy of Epicurus, and many characteristics of Epicureanism show through his lifestyle. For example, Tsuji avoided active engagement in politics and sought after a form of ataraxia, which he was apparently able to experience through vagabond wandering and Egoism. He also spent his time primarily trying to enjoy a simple life free of suffering (see Aponia). While his writings themselves are significant, it seems Tsuji's own emphasis was on developing an experimental, liberated lifestyle. Most of Tsuji's writings describe the philosophy behind this, as well as the personal process Tsuji went through towards this aim. As Hagiwara Kyōjirō () wrote, “Tsuji chose not to express himself with a pen so much as he chose to express himself through living, as conveyed by his personality. That is, Tsuji himself was his expression's piece of work”. It is no coincidence that this resembles the Egoist anarchism described by Max Stirner, who seems to be the most influential philosopher in Tsuji's development.

paragraph: Section::::"Death of an Epicurean".

paragraph: One notable play written by Tsuji is the dadaist/absurdist , in which a figure must confront Panta Rhei (), or the transient nature of all things. Tsuji saw the concept of Panta Rhei to be related to Stirner's Creative Nothing, wherein it is because of the nihility of all things that there is potential for creativity and change. Tsuji also found this relevant to the Buddhist concept of nothingness, sometimes translated as mu.

paragraph: In "Death of an Epicurean", Tsuji comments on the destruction of the Ryōunkaku (Cloud-surpassing Tower) in the area of Tokyo he often called home, Asakusa. This building was a skyscraper that had become very much a symbol of modernity in Japan, and its destruction in the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake came as a harrowing omen to many who saw it as reminiscent of the Tower of Babel. This symbol would become a popular one in literature, used by such authors as Ishikawa Takuboku.

paragraph: Written in the wake of this event, Tsuji's "Death of an Epicurean" reads:

paragraph: In this passage Tsuji describes the birth of an Epicurean out of someone who experienced the transience of such eternal-seeming icons as the Ryōunkaku and greater Tokyo. The Epicurean is portrayed here as someone who, in their despair, embraces the Arts in response to tragic ephemerality. For Tsuji, whose residence was reduced by the earthquake to a "monster right out of Cubism", this passage comes off as autobiographical, describing his own turn to revelling in Epicureanism and the Arts.

paragraph: Section::::Censorship and vagabondage.

paragraph: Tsuji wrote during the 1920s, a dangerous period in Japanese history for controversial writers, during which he experienced the wages of censorship through police harassment. He also experienced this vicariously through the persecution of close associates such as his former wife, anarcho-feminist Itō Noe, who was murdered in the Amakasu Incident.

paragraph: For being a controversial writer in the heart of Tokyo's radical art scene, Tsuji himself believed that had he been living instead as a peasant in the Soviet Union at the time, he would surely have been shot to death. This political climate exacerbated Tsuji's urges towards vagabondage:

paragraph: Section::::Institutionalization, Buddhist renunciation, and death.

paragraph: In 1932 Tsuji was institutionalized in a psychiatric hospital after what would become popularly known as the "Tengu Incident". According to some accounts, one night during a party at a friend's residence, Tsuji climbed to the second floor and began flapping his arms crying "I am the Tengu!", eventually jumping from the building, running around, and jumping onto the table calling "kyaaaaaa, kyaaaa!!"

paragraph: After hospitalization, Tsuji was diagnosed as having experienced a temporary psychosis probably resulting from his chronic alcoholism. During this hospitalization Tsuji came to idealize the Buddhist monk Shinran and read the Tannishō many times over. Thereafter the once prolific Tsuji gave up his writing career, and he returned to his custom of vagabondage in the fashion of a Komusō monk, apparently as a sort of Nekkhamma.

paragraph: For the next few years Tsuji fell into various incidents with police and was readmitted to mental hospitals several times. At the age of 41 Tsuji suffered a major asthma attack and after hospitalization became weighed down with substantial hospital bills. While book royalties and a sort of provided some economic support, Tsuji was caught up in a harsh late World War II economic environment and spent the last few years of his life in vagabond poverty. Tsuji often made ends meet by going door to door as a busking shakuhachi musician.

paragraph: However, in 1944, Tsuji settled down in a friend's one-bedroom apartment in Tokyo, where he was found dead from starvation.

paragraph: Tsuji is now buried in Tokyo's Saifuku Temple.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Tsuji is remembered for having helped found Dadaism in Japan along with contemporaries such as Murayama Tomoyoshi, MAVO, Yoshiyuki Eisuke, and Takahashi Shinkichi. Moreover, he was one of the most prominent Japanese contributors to Nihilist philosophy prior to World War II. He is also remembered as the father of prominent Japanese painter, Makoto Tsuji ().

paragraph: Tsuji was depicted in the 1969 film "Eros + Massacre" and has been the subject of several Japanese books and articles. Tsuji's friend and contemporary anarchist, Hagiwara Kyōjirō, described Tsuji as follows:

paragraph: This person, "Tsuji Jun", is the most interesting figure in Japan today ... He is like a commandment-breaking monk, like Christ ...

paragraph: Vagrants and labourers of the town gather about him. The defeated unemployed and the penniless find in him their own home and religion ... his disciples are the hungry and the poor of the world. Surrounded by these disciples he passionately preaches the Good News of Nihilism. But he is not Christlike, and he preaches but drunken nonsense. Then the disciples call him merely "Tsuji" without respect and sometimes hit him on the head. This is a strange religion ...

paragraph: brbr

paragraph: But here Tsuji has regrettably been portrayed as a religious character. It sounds contradictory, but Tsuji is a religious man without a religion ... As art is not a religion, neither is Tsuji's life religious. But in a sense it is ... Tsuji calls himself an "Unmensch" ... If Nietzsche's Zarathustra is religious ... then Tsuji's teaching would be a better religion than Nietzsche's, for Tsuji lives in accord with his principles as himself ...

paragraph: brbr

paragraph: Tsuji is a sacrifice of modern culture... In the Japanese literary world Tsuji can be considered a rebel. But this is not because he is a drunkard, nor because he lacks manners, nor because he is an anarchist. It is because he puts forth his dirty ironies as boldly as a bandit ... Tsuji himself is very shy and timid in person ... but his clarity and self-respect exposes the falsities of the famous in the literary world ... [though] to many he really comes across as an anarchistic rogue ...

paragraph: The literary world only sees him as having been born in this world to provide a source for gossip, but he is like Chaplin producing seeds of humour in their rumours ... The common Japanese literati do not understand that the laugh of Chaplin is a contradictory tragedy ... In a society of base, closed-minded people idealists are always taken as madmen or clowns.

paragraph: brbr

paragraph: Tsuji Jun is always drunk. If he doesn't drink he can't stand the suffering and sorrow of life. On the rare occasion he is sober ... he does look the part of an incompetent and "Unmensch"-ian fool. Then his faithful disciples bring him saké in place of a ceremonial offering, pour electricity back into his robot heart, and wait for him to start moving... In this way the teaching of the "Unmensch begins". It is a religion for the weak, the proletariat, the egoists, and those of broken personalities, and at the same time – it is a most pure, a most sorrowful religion for modern intellectuals.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Select e-texts of Tsuji's works. at Aozora bunko

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tsuji Jun no Hibiki.

paragraph: BULLET::::- English translations of Tsuji's work. at The Brooklyn Rail

description: Japanese author, Dadaist, nihilist, Stirnerite, epicurean, shakuhachi musician, playwright and actor, feminist, and bohemian.

wikidata_label: Jun Tsuji

wikipedia_title: Jun Tsuji


text: physician

text: Großvargula

text: Erfurt

text: Erfurt

text: Halle

text: Jena

text: MD

text: Ernst Anton Nicolai

text: Prussia

text: Torgau

text: Göttingen

text: Marburg

text: apoplexy

text: Johann Friedrich Blumenbach

text: Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring

text: Albrecht Thaer

text: Johann Christian Wiegleb

text: Carl Linnaeus

text: Pallas, P. S.

text: Erxleben, J. C. P.

text: Digital edition

text: University and State Library Düsseldorf

categories: 18th-century German physicians,University of Erfurt alumni,University of Halle alumni,University of Marburg faculty,People from Erfurt,German botanists,1804 deaths,1738 births,University of Jena alumni,University of Göttingen faculty

paragraph: Ernst Gottfried Baldinger

paragraph: Ernst Gottfried Baldinger (13 May 1738 – 21 January 1804), German physician, was born in Großvargula near Erfurt.

paragraph: He studied medicine at Erfurt, Halle and Jena, earning his MD in 1760 under the guidance of Ernst Anton Nicolai and in 1761 was entrusted with the superintendence of the military hospitals connected with the Prussian encampment near Torgau.

paragraph: He published a treatise in 1765, "De Militum Morbis," which met with a favourable reception. In 1768, he became professor of medicine at Jena, which he left in 1773 for Göttingen, and in 1785 he moved to Marburg, where he died of apoplexy on 21 January 1804.

paragraph: Among his pupils were Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring, Albrecht Thaer, and Johann Christian Wiegleb. He wrote approximately 84 separate treatises, in addition to numerous papers scattered through various collections and journals. He corresponded with Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus and was the author of some plant names.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: partial list

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1769-1778 Pallas, P. S., Erxleben, J. C. P., Baldinger, E. G. [full title] "Peter Simon Pallas Naturgeschichte merkwuerdiger Thiere, in welcher vornehmlich neue und unbekannte Thierarten durch Kupferstiche, Beschreibungen und Erklaerungen erlaeutert werden. Durch den Verfasser verteutscht". I. Band 1 bis 10te Sammlung mit Kupfern. Berlin und Stralsund, G. A. Lange (Samml. 1-10), 48 Taf.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1783-1785 "Historia mercurii et mercurialium medica" (Volume 1/2) Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gaedike, R.; Groll, E. K. & Taeger, A. 2012: Bibliography of the entomological literature from the beginning until 1863 : online database - version 1.0 - Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut.

description: physician

wikidata_label: Ernst Gottfried Baldinger

wikipedia_title: Ernst Gottfried Baldinger


text:
Valencia
Spanish
Grand Prix motorcycle racer
Profile on motogp.com

categories: 1992 births,Moto3 World Championship riders,125cc World Championship riders,Spanish motorcycle racers,Living people

paragraph: Adrián Martín

paragraph: Adrián Martín Lucas (born 9 July 1992 in Valencia) is a Spanish Grand Prix motorcycle racer. He has previously competed in the Spanish 125GP championship and the Spanish Moto3 Championship.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile on motogp.com

description: Spanish motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Adrián Martín

wikipedia_title: Adrián Martín


text:
Pesaro
Italian
motorcycle racer
Profile on MotoGP.com
Profile on WorldSBK.com

categories: 1988 births,Italian motorcycle racers,250cc World Championship riders,FIM Superstock 1000 Cup riders,Moto3 World Championship riders,125cc World Championship riders,People from Pesaro,Living people

paragraph: Simone Grotzkyj

paragraph: Simone Grotzkyj Giorgi (born 28 September 1988 in Pesaro) is an Italian motorcycle racer. He was the CIV 125 GP champion in 2005.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile on MotoGP.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile on WorldSBK.com

description: Italian motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Simone Grotzkyj

wikipedia_title: Simone Grotzkyj


text:
Italian
motorcycle racer
Kawasaki ZX-6R
Profile on MotoGP.com
Profile on WorldSBK.com

categories: Italian motorcycle racers,1994 births,Moto3 World Championship riders,125cc World Championship riders,People from Anzio,Living people

paragraph: Luigi Morciano

paragraph: Luigi Morciano (born 25 February 1994) is an Italian motorcycle racer. He currently competes in the CIV Supersport Championship aboard a Kawasaki ZX-6R.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile on MotoGP.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile on WorldSBK.com

description: Italian motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Luigi Morciano

wikipedia_title: Luigi Morciano


text:
Grand Prix motorcycle racer
Italy
Kawasaki ZX-6R
Profile on motogp.com

categories: Moto2 World Championship riders,Italian motorcycle racers,Moto3 World Championship riders,125cc World Championship riders,1993 births,Living people

paragraph: Alessandro Tonucci

paragraph: Alessandro Tonucci (born 23 April 1993) is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Italy. He currently rides a Kawasaki ZX-6R in the CIV Supersport Championship. He is a former runner-up of the Italian 125GP Championship, doing so in 2009.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile on motogp.com

description: Italian motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Alessandro Tonucci

wikipedia_title: Alessandro Tonucci


text:
Grand Prix motorcycle racer
Spain
Maverick Viñales
Profile on motogp.com

categories: 125cc World Championship riders,Moto3 World Championship riders,1993 births,Living people,Catalan motorcycle racers

paragraph: Isaac Viñales

paragraph: Isaac Viñales Mares (born 6 November 1993) is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from Spain. He is the cousin of former Moto3 World Champion and current MotoGP racer Maverick Viñales, and has previously competed in the Spanish 125GP Championship and the Spanish Moto2 series.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile on motogp.com

description: Spanish motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Isaac Viñales

wikipedia_title: Isaac Viñales


text:
Potchefstroom
South Africa
Grand Prix motorcycle racer
South Africa
2016 Moto3 World Championship
Red Bull MotoGP Rookies Cup
2016 Spanish motorcycle Grand Prix
Jon Ekerold
2017
Ajo Motorsport
Darryn
Aprilia
2011
Kalex
KTM
2012 Portuguese motorcycle Grand Prix
Suter
Honda
Mahindra
Brad Binder's profile on MotoGP.com

categories: Moto2 World Championship riders,1995 births,South African motorcycle racers,Moto3 World Championship riders,125cc World Championship riders,Living people

paragraph: Brad Binder

paragraph: Brad Binder (born 11 August 1995, in Potchefstroom, South Africa) is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from South Africa competing in the Moto2 class, best known for winning the 2016 Moto3 World Championship. Prior to moving up to Grand Prix level, Binder contested three seasons of the Red Bull MotoGP Rookies Cup, with a best finish of fifth overall in the championship standings. At the 2016 Spanish motorcycle Grand Prix in Jerez, Brad Binder became the first South African to win a motorcycle Grand Prix since Jon Ekerold won the 1981 Italian motorcycle Grand Prix. Binder races in the Moto2 class in 2017, having agreed a deal with Ajo Motorsport.

paragraph: Binder's younger brother Darryn is also a motorcycle racer, and competed alongside Brad in Moto3 in 2015 and 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Binder started his Grand Prix career in the 125cc class riding a Aprilia in the 2011 season with his bike number as 14. Binder finished the season pointless, with his best position being a 17th place in Indianapolis.

paragraph: In 2012 started racing in the Kalex KTM with his bike number changed to 41. Binder's first Moto3 point came at the 2012 Portuguese motorcycle Grand Prix. 2012 was a crash-filled season for Binder, with seven crashes. Binder scored four times in the season, with his best result of fourth place coming in Valencia. He finished the season at 21st place with 24 points.

paragraph: In 2013 Binder switched from KTM to Suter Honda and in the same year changed to Mahindra bike. 2013 was a consistent year for Binder; he scored in 14 out of the 18 races, his best result being a fourth place at Spain; he finished the final standings at 13th place with 66 points.

paragraph: In 2019 he joined KTM's Moto2 team and will move up to MotoGP with KTM Tech 3 for the 2020 season.

paragraph: Section::::Career statistics.

paragraph: Section::::Career statistics.:Grand Prix motorcycle racing.:Races by year.

paragraph: * Season still in progress.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brad Binder's profile on MotoGP.com

description: South African motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Brad Binder

wikipedia_title: Brad Binder