text:
Takashima District
Ōmi
Isono_Kazumasa - SamuraiWiki

paragraph: Isono Kazumasa

paragraph: Even with such a showing of great heroism, Kazumasa was tasked with an overwhelming obligation by the year of 1573: Oda Nobunaga had already torn apart the Asakura and was charging upon the Sawayamasa castle with over 35,000 soldiers to back his aspirations. And as Nagamasa was too afraid of the humiliation that he would suffer from if he were to surrender to Nobunaga a second time, he took a hold of Kazumasa's aged mother, swearing that she will be crucified if Kazumasa fails in the ultimate attempt of forcing off the Oda besiegers from Sawayama. As Kazumasa was thus determined to fight on to his very last breath less his mother were to suffer such an excruciating death, he managed to hold out for over 8 months before initially possessing no remaining provisions at which his army would be able to feed upon. Knowing that defense was now an impossible ideal, Kazumasa had little other choice then to surrender to Nobunaga, who in return admired the warrior for his loyalty and conviction, awarding him Takashima District of western Ōmi. Remaining within such a fief, Kazumasa surmiseably detested Nagamasa with an intense hatred, supporting the Oda with renewed resolve, even though abandoning his domain by the year of 1578, where it is said that he remained within the same respective province, employing a simple life of farming. Kazumasa then died in 1583. Also, while Nagamasa was married to Nobunaga Oda's younger sister Oichi, Kazumasa was very fond of Oichi, this was one of the reasons why he fought with such courage.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Isono_Kazumasa - SamuraiWiki. (Samurai Archives) FWSeal & CEWest, 2005

description: samurai

wikidata_label: Isono Kazumasa

wikipedia_title: Isono Kazumasa


text:
Oregon
rapper
emcee
singer/songwriter
music producer
hiphop
Denver
Colorado
Red Bull Music Academy
SXSW
Pop Montreal
Denver Westword
Kydd
Max Frost
League of Extraordinary Gz
Rittz
Tank Washington
ST 2 Lettaz
Dee-1
Official Cory Kendrix Twitter
Official Site

categories: Singers from Oregon,People from Denver,Singers from Colorado,Rappers from Colorado,Record producers from Texas,American hip hop musicians,Singers from Texas,21st-century American singers,People from Austin, Texas,American hip hop record producers,People from Curry County, Oregon,Songwriters from Oregon,Living people,Songwriters from Colorado,Rappers from Oregon,1988 births,21st-century American rappers,American male rappers,American hip hop singers,Musicians from Denver,American male songwriters,Songwriters from Texas,Musicians from Austin, Texas,Southern hip hop musicians

paragraph: Cory Kendrix

paragraph: Cory Kendrix, also known by the stage name KNDRX, (born Cory Andrew Kennedy; July 24, 1988) is an Oregon-born independent rapper, emcee, singer/songwriter, music producer and hiphop artist based out of Denver, Colorado. In 2014, he released the "IGNORANCE" LP as well as the "Worth Something" EP with Red Bull Music Academy 2013 graduate Anna Love. During 2015, Cory performed at SXSW, Pop Montreal and the Denver Westword Music Showcase. In 2017, he released his debut R&B solo EP entitled "Me Right Now".

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "IGNORANCE" (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Worth Something" EP (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Me Right Now" EP (2017)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Guest appearances.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kydd ft Max Frost & Cory Kendrix - "Losing Sleep"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ocky Nohara ft Cory Kendrix - "One More Day"

paragraph: BULLET::::- League of Extraordinary Gz ft Cory Kendrix - "Wake-N-Bake"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dubb Sicks ft Rittz & Cory Kendrix - "I'm Gowne"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Deezie Brown ft Kydd Jones & Cory Kendrix - "Windy City"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jonathas ft Sertified & Cory Kendrix - "Let's Chill"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sertified ft Cory Kendrix - "Lit"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tank Washington ft Kydd Jones, ST 2 Lettaz, Dee-1 & Cory Kendrix - "Pot Luck"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ike ft Uzoy & Cory Kendrix - "You And Me"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catch Lungs ft Hustle Man & Cory Kendrix - "Codeine Sippa"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Half Man Half ft Brill & Cory Kendrix - "Doses"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hustle Man ft Anna Love & Cory Kendrix - "Running Game"

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Cory Kendrix Twitter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Site

description: American rapper

wikidata_label: Cory Kendrix

wikipedia_title: Cory Kendrix


text:
swimmer
2014 European Aquatics Championships
2015 World Championship
Malia Metella

categories: Olympic silver medalists in swimming,Medalists at the FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m),World Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming,Olympic silver medalists for France,Medalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics,People from Cayenne,Swimmers at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics,Male freestyle swimmers,French Guianan male swimmers,1992 births,Swimmers at the 2016 Summer Olympics,Male butterfly swimmers,Olympic swimmers of France,Living people

paragraph: Mehdy Metella

paragraph: Mehdy Metella (born 17 July 1992) is a French freestyle and butterfly swimmer. He was part of the freestyle and medley 4×100 m teams that won a gold and a silver medal at the 2014 European Aquatics Championships and gold and bronze at the 2015 World Championship. In both cases, he swam the butterfly leg in the medley relay.

paragraph: He also won multiple medals in the World and European Short Course swimming events.

paragraph: He is the French record holder of the 100m butterfly long course, with a time of 51.06.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: He is the younger brother of Malia Metella, an Olympic and World championship medallist.

description: French swimmer

wikidata_label: Mehdy Metella

wikipedia_title: Mehdy Metella


text:
swimmer
Commonwealth Games
Pan Pacific Championships

categories: Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Australia,1988 births,World Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming,Australian female swimmers,Swimmers at the 2014 Commonwealth Games,Female breaststroke swimmers,Living people

paragraph: Lorna Tonks

paragraph: Lorna Tonks (born 8 December 1988) is an English-born Australian breaststroke swimmer. In 2014, she was a member of the 4×100-metre medley teams that won gold medals at the Commonwealth Games and Pan Pacific Championships.

description: Australian swimmer

wikidata_label: Lorna Tonks

wikipedia_title: Lorna Tonks


text:
South Korea
Chonnam National University
Hyobong
Korean
Jogye
Seon
Kim Su-hwan
Myeong-dong Cathedral
Seoul
Shiva Ryu
David Bannon
Buddhism in Korea
"Beopjeong's Chair"
Choi Bool-am

categories: 1932 births,Zen Buddhist monks and priests,Buddhism in Korea

paragraph: Bopjong

paragraph: Bŏpjŏng (or Beopjeong, Beop Jeong, , 法頂, born Park Jae Cheol or Pak Jae-cheol, , 朴在喆) (November 5, 1932 - March 11, 2010) was a Buddhist monk and writer of South Korea.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born in 1932 in Haenam, South Jeolla Province (전라남도), Bŏpjŏng graduated from Mokpo Commercial High School, and entered Chonnam National University (전남대학교). In his junior year in 1954, he left school and decided to become a Buddhist monk as a follower of Hyobong, a Korean Jogye Seon master.

paragraph: Bŏpjŏng was widely known for the "musoyu" (Non-Possession, 무소유) spirit and he propagated his philosophy through many of his publications, which have been loved by many Koreans. The following is a representative passage of his direct, poignant style:

paragraph: On December 14, 1997, Cardinal Kim Su-hwan from Korean Catholic Church attended and congratulated on the opening of Gilsangsa located in Seongbuk-dong, Seoul. In return, he visited Myeong-dong Cathedral on February 24, 1998 and held a special speech, which showed the harmony between religions.

paragraph: On March 11, 2010, at the age of 77, in the 55th year of his monkhood, he died from chronic lung cancer in Gilsangsa () in Seoul.

paragraph: He said in his will: "Don't hold a funeral for me. Don't make a coffin. Dress me in cotton, which I used to wear. Scatter my ashes on the flower garden of the hut where I used to live." In accordance with his will, a simple cremation rite was held at Songgwangsa in Suncheon on March 13, 2010. There was no decorated bier or elegies, and thousands of people from all over the country attended.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: In Korean:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Musoyu" (Non-Possession, , 無所有)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Sound of the Soul" (영혼의 모음)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Words and Silence" (말과 침묵)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Sound of Water, The Sound of Wind" (물 소리 바람 소리)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Quiet Talks in the Mountains" (산방한담)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Throwing it Away, Leaving it all Behind" (버리고 떠나기)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "India Travel Journal" (인도 기행)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Desolate Forests, as Birds have gone" (새들이 떠나간 숲은 적막하다)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Flowers Blossoms in the Mountains" (산에는 꽃이 피네)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Beautiful Finish" (아름다운 마무리)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Joy of Living Alone" (홀로 사는 즐거움)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "One Life, One Meeting" (일기일회)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "One for All, All for One" (한 사람은 모두를 모두는 한 사람을)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "May All Beings Be Happy" (살아있는 것은 다 행복하라)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Books I Loved" (내가 사랑한 책들)

paragraph: In English Translation:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "May All Beings Be Happy," ed. Shiva Ryu, trans. Matty Wegehaupt (The Good Life, 2006),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Sound of Water, the Sound of Wind," ed. and trans. Brian Barry (Jain, 2010),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Meditations of a Zen Master," ed. and trans. David Bannon (Bilingual Library, 2012),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Meditations of a Korean Monk," ed. and trans. David Bannon (Bilingual Library, 2012),

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Buddhism in Korea

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011 Documentary, "Beopjeong's Chair", (), narrated by Choi Bool-am

wikidata_label: Bopjong

wikipedia_title: Bopjong


text: racing cyclist

text: UCI Women's Team

categories: 1997 births,Living people,Sportspeople from Ottawa,Canadian female cyclists

paragraph: Katherine Maine

paragraph: Katherine Maine (born 22 November 1997) is a Canadian professional racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's Team . She won the 2018 Canadian National Road Race Championships in Saguenay, Quebec.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of 2016 UCI Women's Teams and riders

wikidata_label: Katherine Maine

wikipedia_title: Katherine Maine


text:
Quarona
Ghemme
Alessandro Antonelli
Valsesia
Blessed Panacea de’Muzzi of Quarona

categories: Italian beatified people,14th-century venerated Christians,1383 deaths,1368 births

paragraph: Panacea De' Muzzi

paragraph: Blessed Panacea (1368–1383) was a young girl martyred at the age of fifteen who was beatified.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Panacea was born in Quarona in 1368, to Lorenzo and Maria Gambino Muzio. With the sudden death of her mother, her father felt his daughter needed a mother and married a woman named Margherita, from Locarno Sesia. She was a widow and mother of one daughter. After the remarriage of his father, Panacea, always devoted to good deeds and care for the sick, she began to suffer mistreatment and harassment from the new relatives. It is possible that her charitable activities drew her away from her chores. As described in detail by the most recent biographers, the girl was subjected to the most menial jobs. On one occasion, her father found her badly beaten, but apparently did nothing to intervene.

paragraph: A spring evening of 1383, Panacea, at the time she was just fifteen years old, was far away from home to look after the sheep; stepmother, not seeing her arrive, went to look for her. She went to the pastures on Mount Tucri overlooking the village and found the girl in prayer in the ancient hermitage of San Giovanni. Furious, Margherita scolded severely and, in the throes of a moment of fury, and repeatedly beat Panacea, killing her. Realizing what she had done, the woman threw herself in despair into a nearby ravine.

paragraph: The news spread quickly, and Panacea's body was taken to Ghemme and buried next to her mother in the cemetery adjacent to the Church of Santa Maria.

paragraph: Section::::Cult.

paragraph: The cult of Panacea was widespread since the beginning of the fifteenth century, mainly in the local area, getting confirmation from the Catholic Church only in 1867. At the beginning of the fifteenth century were built as early as two oratories dedicated to her, one at the place where she died. The center of devotion to Panacea is the church in Ghemme, where her body now lies in a glass case, in the crypt designed by the architect Alessandro Antonelli. It remains a place of pilgrimage, particularly on the first Friday in May, especially by pilgrims from Ravenna.

paragraph: Panacea is the patroness of Valsesia. In the diocese of Novara, her feast day is May 5.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Blessed Panacea de’Muzzi of Quarona on CatholicSaints.info

description: 14th-century Italian martyr

wikidata_label: Panacea De' Muzzi

wikipedia_title: Panacea De' Muzzi


text:
1955
Long Island
New York
American author
children's and young adult
science fiction
fantasy
novel
American Library Association
New York State
Nassau Community College
Binghamton University
Starlog Press
Scholastic Inc.
Scholastic, Inc.
New York University
City College of New York
Medgar Evers College
Pace University
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs
1937 film
film novelization
film novelization
The Twelve Dancing Princesses
Simon Pulse
Diana Gonzalez
Simon Pulse
The Frog Prince
Simon Pulse
film novelization
film novelization
Scholastic Press
Rumpelstiltskin
Simon Pulse
juvenile film novelization
Anastasia
Simon Pulse
Distant Waves
Scholastic Press
Scholastic Press
Scholastic Press
Scholastic Press
Scholastic Press
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Scholastic Point Thriller
Scholastic Point Thriller
Scholastic Press
Scholastic Inc.
Scholastic Inc.
Scholastic Inc.
Scholastic Inc.
Suzanne Weyn at Fantastic Fiction
Author website

categories: 1955 births,American women children's writers,American women novelists,Writers from New York City,21st-century American women writers,American women short story writers,Women science fiction and fantasy writers,People from Flushing, Queens,20th-century American novelists,21st-century American short story writers,Nassau Community College alumni,21st-century American novelists,American fantasy writers,Living people,20th-century American women writers,American science fiction writers,American children's writers,Binghamton University alumni,20th-century American short story writers

paragraph: Suzanne Weyn

paragraph: Suzanne Weyn (born July 7, 1955, Long Island, New York) is an American author. She primarily writes children's and young adult science fiction and fantasy novels. and has written over fifty novels and short stories. She is best known for "The Bar Code Tattoo", "The Bar Code Rebellion" and "The Bar Code Prophecy". "The Bar Code Tattoo" has been translated into German, and in 2007 was nominated for the Jugendliteraturpreis for youth literature given by the German government. It was a 2007 Nevada Library nominee for Young Adult literature and American Library Association 2005 Quick Pick for Reluctant Young Adult Readers.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Weyn spent her childhood in New York State and graduated from Nassau Community College and Binghamton University. Following college, Weyn worked as an editor of teen magazines, at Starlog Press, and at Scholastic Inc. before starting her writing career. She has been both an editor, project manager, and an author at Scholastic, Inc. Suzanne Weyn has taught expository, children's, and business writing at New York University. She continues to write and currently also teaches writing at City College of New York and Medgar Evers College. She has a Masters of Science in teaching adolescents from Pace University.

paragraph: Section::::Books and novels.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Return to Cybertron"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Revenge of the Decepticons"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs" (based on the 1937 film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Day the Frogs Came to Lunch"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Love Song"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Little Women Diary"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Into the Dream"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "All Alone in the Eighth Grade"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Elliot's Ghost"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "My Brother, the Ghost"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jeepers Creepers" (House of Horrors 3)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Catch That Kid" (film novelization)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mission without Permission"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Renaissance Kids"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Museum Chase"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sleepover" (film novelization)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "An Amazing Journey"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Night Dance: a Retelling of The Twelve Dancing Princesses"Simon Pulse

paragraph: BULLET::::- "South Beach Sizzle", with Diana Gonzalez, Simon Pulse

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Water Song: A Retelling of The Frog Prince" Simon Pulse

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Snowflake"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gracie" (film novelization)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mr. Magorium's Wonder Emporium" (film novelization)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Reincarnation" Scholastic Press

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Crimson Thread: A Retelling of Rumpelstiltskin"Simon Pulse

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom" (juvenile film novelization)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Diamond Secret: A Retelling of Anastasia", Simon Pulse

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Distant Waves: A Novel of the Titanic", Scholastic Press

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Empty", Scholastic Press

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Invisible World" Scholastic Press

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Faces of the Dead" Scholastic Press

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bionic" Scholastic Press

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Snapstreak" Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

paragraph: Section::::Books and novels.:The Bar Code Tattoo Trilogy.

paragraph: BULLET::::- " The Bar Code Tattoo", 2004, Scholastic Point Thriller

paragraph: BULLET::::- " The Bar Code Rebellion", 2006, Scholastic Point Thriller

paragraph: BULLET::::- " The Bar Code Prophecy", 2012, Scholastic Press

paragraph: Section::::Books and novels.:The Haunted Museum Series.

paragraph: BULLET::::- " The Titanic Locket", 2013, Scholastic Inc.

paragraph: BULLET::::- " The Phantom Music Box", 2014, Scholastic Inc.

paragraph: BULLET::::- " The Pearl Earring", 2015, Scholastic Inc.

paragraph: BULLET::::- " The Cursed Scarab", 2015, Scholastic Inc.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Suzanne Weyn at Fantastic Fiction

paragraph: BULLET::::- Author website

description: American writer

wikidata_label: Suzanne Weyn

wikipedia_title: Suzanne Weyn


text: music producer

text: San Francisco

text: Tinariwen

text: Tassili

text: Grammy Award for Best World Music Album

text: Zomba Prison Project

text: Ramblin' Jack Elliott

text: I Stand Alone

text: Peter Case

text: Let Us Now Praise Sleepy John

text: Grammy Award for Best Traditional Folk Album

text: The Sunday Times

text: Oakland, California

text: Pleasant Hill

text: Down syndrome

text: San Francisco

text: Merle Haggard

text: Kris Kristofferson

text: Fugazi

text: Vic Chesnutt

text: Sleater-Kinney

text: Mission Dolores Park

text: Food Not Bombs

text: Green Day

text: The Blind Boys of Alabama

text: George W. Bush

text: Grammy Award

text: traditional folk

text: Ramblin' Jack Elliott

text: I Stand Alone

text: Peter Case

text: Let Us Now Praise Sleepy John

text: Lucinda Williams

text: Wilco

text: X

text: Los Lobos

text: Red Hot Chili Peppers

text: Rwanda

text: Malawi

text: South Sudan

text: Cambodia

text: Tanzania

text: Romania

text: Pakistan

text: Vietnam

text: Kibera

text: Nairobi

text: Kenya

text: Tuareg

text: Tinariwen

text: Tassili

text: Algeria

text: Arab Spring

text: TV on the Radio

text: Dirty Dozen Brass Band

text: Nels Cline

text: Grammy Award for Best World Music Album

text: Zomba Prison Project

text: 60 Minutes

text: Anderson Cooper

text: Emmy Award

text: John Waters

text: stand-up comedy

text: The Fillmore

text: Royal Festival Hall

text: Coachella

text: Bumbershoot

text: Bonnaroo

text: Jonathan Richman

text: Peaches

text: Wanda Jackson

text: Smithsonian Museum

text: University of London

text: The New School

text: Berklee College of Music

text: WOMADelaide

text: fly on the wall

text: Alan Lomax

text: overdubs

text: psychiatric hospital

text: Richmond, California

text: San Francisco Bay Area

text: University of California, Berkeley

text: Betty Ford Center

text: National Accademia of Science

text: Guitar Player

text: Sound on Sound

text: Chicago Tribune

text: Talkhouse

text: Huck

text: Songlines

text: Afropop Worldwide

text: Quincy Jones

text: Qwest TV

text: Flood Magazine

text: Tape Op

text: W. W. Norton & Company

text: Allworth Press

text: Corin Tucker

text: Henry Kaiser (musician)

text: Grandaddy

text: I Stand Alone

text: Ramblin' Jack Elliott

text: Anti-

text: Let Us Now Praise Sleepy John

text: Peter Case

text: Yep Roc Records

text: Rain Machine

text: Dead Oceans Records

text: Rwanda

text: Tassili

text: Tinariwen

text: Mali

text: Algeria

text: Malawi

text: Jovanotti

text: ATO Records

text: Zande people

text: South Sudan

text: Scotland

text: South Africa

text: Portugal

text: Zomba Prison Project

text: Six Degrees Records

text: Bob Forrest

text: Big Sur

text: Glitterbeat

text: Vietnam

text: Kibera

text: Nairobi

text: Kenya

text: Canzoniere Grecanico Salentino

text: Apulia

text: Italy

text: Sainkho Namtchylak

text: Tuva

text: Cambodia

text: Romania

text: Omnivore Recordings

text: Twa

text: Burundi

text: Tanzania

text: John Waters

text: Third Man Records

text: Pakistan

text: Grammy Award for Best World Music Album

text: Songlines

text: Association for Recorded Sound Collections

text: Brennan's artist website

text: Non-violent Crisis Resolution

categories: People from Oakland, California,American musicologists,American writers about music,American music theorists,Living people,1966 births,Grammy Award winners,American audio engineers,Record producers from California,Ethnomusicologists

paragraph: Ian Brennan (music producer)

paragraph: Ian Brennan (born 15 June 1966) is an American music producer, author and lecturer on violence prevention.

paragraph: He has authored four books, two on anger, "Anger Antidotes" (2011) and "Hate-less" (2014); a novella, "Sister Maple Syrup Eyes" (2015); and one on music, "How Music Dies (or Lives)" (2016).

paragraph: Brennan travels in search of countries and languages whose music is under-represented internationally, making field recordings of musicians and producing albums of their work. He started out making nine albums of his own music, and hosting gigs, making live recordings and releasing compilation albums of local bands in San Francisco.

paragraph: Of the albums he has produced, Tinariwen's "Tassili" (2011) won a Grammy Award for Best World Music Album and Zomba Prison Project (2015) was nominated; and Ramblin' Jack Elliott's "I Stand Alone" (2006) and Peter Case's "Let Us Now Praise Sleepy John" (2007) were nominated for Grammy Award for Best Traditional Folk Album. "The Sunday Times" (London) says he is "visionary".

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Brennan was born in Oakland, California to James Brennan, a railroad engineer, and Marilyn Brennan, a nurse from a tiny town in eastern Kansas. He grew up on the Pleasant Hill border in the same suburban home his entire life. He and his older brother and sister have a mere two-and-one-half year span between the three of them. This is due in part to his sister, who is the middle child, being born more than two months premature with Down syndrome.

paragraph: At age five, he began playing drums and switched to guitar at age 6, which he taught himself to play.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:San Francisco Bay Area.

paragraph: At age 20, he self-released his first solo album and went on to produce eight more. He reflects now that he was his "own worst enemy" and made some of the "most horrible albums possible" due to his obsessive-compulsive, autocratic approach.

paragraph: Beginning in 1996, for five years he hosted a free, mostly acoustic music show in a San Francisco laundromat. He would perform solo and feature a different local band each week. He documented the shows as field recordings and these resulted in three Unscrubbed compilation albums in 1997–1999.

paragraph: Brennan also regularly organized benefit shows for social and/or political causes during this period with artists such as Merle Haggard and Kris Kristofferson. Most notably he presented Fugazi, Vic Chesnutt, and Sleater-Kinney for free in Mission Dolores Park to honor the 20th anniversary of Food Not Bombs in 2000, as well as staging Green Day and The Blind Boys of Alabama for free in front of the steps of San Francisco's City Hall on the Sunday before George W. Bush's election as President, also in 2000.

paragraph: He received two Grammy Award nominations for producing albums in the traditional folk category (Ramblin' Jack Elliott's "I Stand Alone" in 2006, and Peter Case's "Let Us Now Praise Sleepy John" in 2007). The Ramblin' Jack record features Lucinda Williams and members of Wilco, X, Los Lobos, and the Red Hot Chili Peppers.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:International work.

paragraph: In 2009, he and his wife, the Italian-Rwandan filmmaker, photographer, and author, Marilena Delli, began traveling the world in search of countries and languages that were underrepresented internationally. Amongst others, this has resulted in releases from Rwanda, Malawi, South Sudan, Cambodia, Tanzania, Romania, Pakistan, Vietnam, from within Kibera in Nairobi, Kenya and most notably from inside Zomba Central Prison in Malawi.

paragraph: In 2011, he won a Grammy Award for the Tuareg band, Tinariwen's "Tassili" album, which was recorded live in the southeast Algerian desert just months before the Arab Spring erupted and war swept through the area. The album also includes members of TV on the Radio, the Dirty Dozen Brass Band, and guitarist Nels Cline.

paragraph: In 2015, he gained a nomination for Grammy Award for Best World Music Album for Zomba Prison Project, the story of which was covered around the world including on the front-page of "The New York Times" and by the television program "60 Minutes" with Anderson Cooper reporting. The segment won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Feature Story and was nominated for two other Emmys.

paragraph: Brennan has also produced many of filmmaker, John Waters' live stand-up comedy shows since 2001 at venues such as The Fillmore in San Francisco and the Royal Festival Hall in London, as well as at festivals including Coachella, Bumbershoot, and Bonnaroo. Brennan has created pairings for Waters such as with Jonathan Richman, Peaches, and Wanda Jackson.

paragraph: Brennan has spoken about music at the Smithsonian Museum, the University of London, The New School (New York), the Berklee College of Music, and WOMADelaide in Australia.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Production style.

paragraph: Brennan is known for his fly on the wall style of production and is often compared to Alan Lomax. He states that relationships and emotion are what interests him, not technology. He often prefers to work with those who have no previous musical experience and hearing from historically persecuted populations. He advocates for embracing imperfection as a partner and prefers to record outdoors and 100% live, without any overdubs.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Mental health background.

paragraph: At age 20, in need of a way to support himself, he began working in locked psychiatric hospitals as a counselor. He continued to do so for another fifteen years in psychiatric emergency rooms in Oakland and Richmond, California.

paragraph: In 1993 he was asked to develop a curriculum and teach his co-workers in verbal de-escalation at East Bay Hospital in Richmond. This request was based on his having regularly demonstrated skill at de-fusing emotionally charged and violent situations. Through word of mouth, he began teaching full-time at hospitals, clinics, jails and schools in the San Francisco Bay Area and greater California. This teaching eventually led him around the country and then the world, having now taught in Africa, Southeast Asia, Europe, Australia, and the Middle East, at such places as University of California, Berkeley, the Betty Ford Center, and the National Accademia of Science (Rome).

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Political activism.

paragraph: Brennan has worked to establish a memorial for those who have died from homelessness in San Francisco. The installations were unanimously approved by the Board Of Supervisors, but later stalled due to opposition from the Mayors Office and the Chamber of Commerce.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Writing.

paragraph: At age 19, Brennan's poetry was published for the first time in an anthology ("Fineline Thunder") curated by his adult-school creative writing workshop instructor, Betty Solomon. He was published again that same year in the Berkeley poetry journal, "Agape."

paragraph: He has written about music for "Guitar Player," "Sound on Sound," "Chicago Tribune," "Talkhouse," "Huck," "Songlines, "Afropop Worldwide," Quincy Jones' "Qwest TV, "SonicScoop," "Perceptive Travel," "Flood Magazine," "Zero," and "Tape Op."

paragraph: In 2011, he published a book on anger, "Anger Antidotes." A follow-up, "Hate-less," was issued in 2014.

paragraph: In 2015, his semi-autobiographical novella, "Sister Maple Syrup Eyes," was published, after working on drafts of it for over 25 years. It deals with the aftermath of the sexual assault of a partner, a trauma he experienced at age 21. "Readers+Writers" journal praised it, "A beautiful book. Achingly beautiful." And Louder Than War states it is, "….alive with the energy of an eye-witness." "Small Press Picks" noted, "In vividly re-creating Kristian's personal journey, Brennan offers a layered and moving exploration of the truth…"

paragraph: His fourth book was, "How Music Dies (or Lives): Field-recording And The Battle For Democracy In The Arts." In it he explores concerns related to the continuing domination of English language media across the planet, and details how recording technology can lead to more lifeless results as well as centralization of content. "LargeHearted Boy" calls it "…one of the most thought-provoking books on modern music that I have ever read."

paragraph: His fifth book, "Silenced by Sound: the Music Meritocracy Myth", will be published in the fall of 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.:Publications by Brennan.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Anger Antidotes: How Not to Lose Your S#&!." New York City: W. W. Norton & Company, 2011. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hate-less: Violence Prevention & How To Make Friends With A F&#!ed Up World." Toy Gun Murder, 2014. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sister Maple Syrup Eyes." New York City: Pleasure Boat Studio, 2015. . A novella.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "How Music Dies (or Lives): Field-recording And The Battle For Democracy In The Arts." New York City: Allworth Press, 2016. . With a foreword by Corin Tucker.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.:Publications with others.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fineline Thunder: Work by the Devil Mountain Poets." Walnut Creek, CA: Devil Mountain Books, 1986. . With poems by Brennan and others.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Albums by Brennan.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ian Brennan" (Toy Gun Murder, 1987)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "One Last Kiss" (Toy Gun Murder, 1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Twisting By The Pool" (Toy Gun Murder, 1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "One Sided Stories," Ian Brennan And The Faith Healers (Toy Gun Murder, 1990)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stuff" (Toy Gun Murder, 1992)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Paperboy" (Toy Gun Murder, 1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cheapskate" (Toy Gun Murder, 1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Teacher's Pet" (Toy Gun Murder, 1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mail-Order Brides" (Toy Gun Murder, 2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sometimes It Just Takes That Long: 1987–2015" (Independent Records Ltd [IRL], 2016)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Compilation albums recorded and released by Brennan.

paragraph: Acoustic performances at Brainwash Laundromat in San Francisco recorded live by Brennan.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Unscrubbed: Live From The Laundromat," various artists (Toy Gun Murder, 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Unscrubbed: Live From The Laundromat II," various artists (Toy Gun Murder, 1998) featuring Henry Kaiser (musician)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Unscrubbed: Live From The Laundromat III," various artists (Toy Gun Murder, 1999) featuring Grandaddy

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Albums produced by Brennan.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Stand Alone," Ramblin' Jack Elliott (Anti-, 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Let Us Now Praise Sleepy John," Peter Case (Yep Roc Records, 2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rain Machine," Rain Machine (Anti-, 2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kigali Y’ Izahabu," The Good Ones (Dead Oceans Records, 2010) – Rwanda

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tassili," by Tinariwen (Anti-, 2011) – Mali/Algeria

paragraph: BULLET::::- "He Is #1," Malawi Mouse Boys (IRL, 2012) – Malawi

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Italia 1988–2012," Jovanotti (ATO Records, 2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Trance Percussion Masters of South Sudan," Wayo (Riverboat, 2013) – Zande people

paragraph: BULLET::::- "South Sudan Street Survivors," General Paolino featuring Mama Celina (IRL, 2013) – South Sudan

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Little Copper Still," The Cedars (Clubhouse Records, 2013) – Scotland/South Africa/Portugal

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lapwong (Freedom Fighters)," Acholi Machon (IRL, 2014) – Acholi

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dirt is Good," Malawi Mouse Boys (IRL, 2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Have No Everything Here," Zomba Prison Project (Six Degrees Records, 2015) – Malawi

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Survival Songs," Bob Forrest (Six Degrees Records, 2015) – Big Sur

paragraph: BULLET::::- "War is a Wound, Peace is a Scar," Hanoi Masters (Glitterbeat, 2015) – Vietnam

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kibera Esbera (Kenya)," West Bridge Band (Electric Cowbell Records, 2015) – Kibera, Nairobi, Kenya

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rwanda is My Home," The Good Ones (IRL, 2015) – Rwanda

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Quaranta (40)," Canzoniere Grecanico Salentino (Ponderosa Music & Art, 2015) – Apulia, Italy

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Like a Bird or Spirit, Not a Face," Sainkho Namtchylak (Ponderosa Music & Art, 2015) – Tuva; Brennan also plays on the album

paragraph: BULLET::::- "They Will Kill You, If You Cry," Khmer Rouge Survivors (Glitterbeat, 2016) – Cambodia

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rough Romanian Soul," Zmei3 (Six Degrees Records, 2016) – Romania

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Forever Is 4 You," Malawi Mouse Boys (Omnivore Recordings, 2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Will Not Stop Singing," Zomba Prison Project (Six Degrees Records, 2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Why Did We Stop Growing Tall?," Abatwa [The Pygmy] (Glitterbeat, 2017) – Twa people, Rwanda/Burundi

paragraph: BULLET::::- "White African Power," Tanzania Albinism Collective (Six Degrees Records, 2017) – Tanzania

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Make Trouble," John Waters (Third Man Records, 2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Our Skin May Be Different, But Our Blood is the Same," Tanzania Albinism Collective (Six Degrees Records, 2018) – Tanzania

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Score for a film about Malawi without music from Malawi," Malawi Mouse Boys (Toy Gun Murder, 2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "God is not a terrorist," Ustad Saami (Glitterbeat Records, January 2019) – Pakistan

paragraph: Section::::Awards and nominations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006: Ramblin Jack Elliott's "I Stand Alone" nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Traditional Folk Album

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007: Peter Case's "Let Us Now Praise Sleepy John" nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Traditional Folk Album

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011: Tinariwen's "Tassili" won a Grammy Award for Best World Music Album

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015: Zomba Prison Project's "I Have No Everything Here" nominated for a Grammy Award for Best World Music Album

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017: Khmer Rouge Survivors' "They Will Kill You, If You Cry" nominated for a Songlines Music Award, Best Asian Album category

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017: Brennan's "How Music Dies (or Lives)" nominated for Association for Recorded Sound Collections Award, Best Historical Research in Recorded Folk, Roots, or World Music category

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brennan's artist website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Non-violent Crisis Resolution

description: American music producer

wikidata_label: Ian Brennan

wikipedia_title: Ian Brennan (music producer)


href: saint Catholic%20Church bishop%20of%20%C3%89vreux Acquigny deacon Brescia Pope%20Damasus%20I Gaul Saint%20Taurinus Auxerre Sens Paris paganism Arianism decapitation relics Seine Abbey%20of%20Saint%20Wandrille Richard%20I%20of%20Normandy Huguenots Benedictine drought Swithun Bizy Vernon%2C%20Eure Duchess%20of%20Orleans crozier

text:
saint
Catholic Church
bishop of Évreux
Acquigny
deacon
Brescia
Pope Damasus I
Gaul
Saint Taurinus
Auxerre
Sens
Paris
pagans
Arians
beheaded
relics
Seine
Fontenelle Abbey
Richard I of Normandy
Huguenots
Benedictine
drought
Saint Swithun
Bizy
Vernon
Duchess of Orleans
crozier

categories: 4th-century Christian martyrs,4th-century Gallo-Roman people,380s deaths,Bishops in Gaul,Évreux,Gallo-Roman saints,Bishops of Évreux

paragraph: Maximus of Évreux

paragraph: Saint Maximus of Évreux (died ca. 384), called Saint Mauxe locally, is venerated as a saint by the Catholic Church. His legend states that he was the second bishop of Évreux, and that he died a martyr at Acquigny with his brother, who was his deacon. His brother is called Venerandus (Vénérand) or Victorinus.

paragraph: Section::::Legend.

paragraph: Their legend states that they were natives of Brescia. Maximus was a bishop and Victorinus was a deacon. They attempted to make converts to Christianity amongst the ranks of the barbarian armies, but failed. The brothers were sent by Pope Damasus I to preach in Gaul instead, to continue the work of Saint Taurinus (Taurin) in the region. Taurinus is considered the first bishop of Évreux.

paragraph: They traveled to Gaul with two priests, Mark and Etherius, passing through Auxerre, Sens, and Paris until they reached Évreux, where Maximus became bishop (the years of his episcopate are sometimes given as 411-440, which conflict with the traditional date of his martyrdom).

paragraph: At Acquigny they were captured by either pagans or Arians and were beheaded. Mark and Etherius escaped. They returned to bury the two brothers. Etherius later became bishop of Évreux.

paragraph: Section::::Veneration.

paragraph: Their relics were re-discovered around 960 by a man named Amalbert. He attempted to carry the relics off, leaving behind only the heads of Maximus and Victorinus. However, as he was crossing the Seine near Fontenelle Abbey, he fell sick. He left the relics at the monastery, where Richard I of Normandy built a chapel to house them. The relics were later burnt by the Huguenots.

paragraph: The saints’ heads, however, remained at Acquigny. A Benedictine church was built over their tomb, but it fell into decay. The relics were translated to the parish church and deposited under the high altar. The saints were invoked against drought in 1559, 1615 and 1726, when they were carried after the head of Saint Swithun.

paragraph: A sanctuary dedicated to him may have existed from the fifth century. In the forest of Bizy, at Vernon, one can see the supposed tomb of Maximus. It carries the inscription: "This monument of piety was restored by the Duchess of Orleans. 1816." On its southern face is a carved image of a saint carrying the crozier of a bishop. The monument is very degraded.

description: Bishop of Evreux

wikidata_label: Maximus of Évreux

wikipedia_title: Maximus of Évreux


text:
Chishti Order
Nizamuddin Auliya
Delhi
Shah Muntajab ud din
Daulatabad
kaliph
Deccan
Muhammad bin Tughluq
Delhi
haji
Khuldabad
AH
Faruki dynasty of Kandesh
Asirgarh
Burhanpur
Tapti
dargah
Prophet's
Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah
Hyderabad dynasty
Nasir Jang
Nasir Jang
Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I
Nizams of Hyderabad
Ganj Rawan Ganj Baksh
Khuldabad
Zainuddin Shirazi
Sufi Saints of Aurangabad
Zar Zari Zar Baksh
Ashraf Jahangir Semnani
aulia-e-hind

categories: Chishtis,People from Aurangabad, Maharashtra

paragraph: Burhanuddin Gharib

paragraph: Burhanuddin Gharib was an Indian Sufi who belonged to the Chishti Order.

paragraph: Section::::Spiritual Journey.

paragraph: Burhanuddin Gharib studied under Nizamuddin Auliya, the sultan ul mashaikh of Delhi; and Saiad Mahomed of Karmania relates in the "Seyar ul Aulia" that Burhanuddin was invested with the mantle and cap, the symbols of the kaliphat, in succession to the sultan ul mashaikh. Other writers state that on the death of Shah Muntajab ud din at Daulatabad, his brother Burhanuddin was sent to succeed him, and was accompanied by 1,400 disciples. It appears more probable however, that Burhanuddin succeeded the Sultan ul mashaikh as "kaliph", and that he emigrated to the Deccan when sultan Muhammad bin Tughluq transferred the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad.

paragraph: Mujud ud din, in his " Bakiat-el-Gharib", gives a biography of Burhanuddin; and "haji" Saiad Baksh and Shams ud din, the nephew of Hasan bin es Sanjari, were the particular friends of the saint. Burhanuddin allowed music and rejoicing in the religious exercises at his convent. He remained for some time at Daulatabad and then left for Roza (Khuldabad), where he died in AH 741 (1344 AD).

paragraph: When the sovereign Nasir ud din Nasir Khan Faruki of Faruki dynasty of Kandesh captured Asirgarh in 1399 AD, the town of Burhanpur on the bank of Tapti was founded in the honor of Burhanuddin.

paragraph: The "dargah" has a large quadrangular courtyard having open fronted building on all sides and a "nagarkhana" at the east end. The west end of the quadrangle is used as a school and a door here gives access to an inner courtyard containing several graves. Facing the entrance is the tomb of Burhanuddin. Within the shrine are preserved some hair of the Prophet's beard. The shrine doors are plated with plates of metal wrought into fanciful designs of trees and flowers. There is a mosque in front of the "dargah". The "dargah" attracts thousands of pilgrims each year for the "Urus" of the saint.

paragraph: Section::::Spiritual Journey.:Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah's tomb.

paragraph: To the right of Burhanuddin's tomb are the resting places of Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah I, the founder of the Hyderabad dynasty, his second son Nasir Jang. The Hyderabad dynasty continued to rule from Hyderabad until after India won her independence, and of one of his consorts. They are covered with white cloth. The graves an on a platform of porphyry inlaid with white marble. A ten feet high screen of red porphyry surrounds them. Nasir Jang's tomb is on the left. It is surrounded by small scalloped arches of red porphyry.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nizams of Hyderabad

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ganj Rawan Ganj Baksh

paragraph: BULLET::::- Khuldabad

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zainuddin Shirazi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sufi Saints of Aurangabad

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zar Zari Zar Baksh

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ashraf Jahangir Semnani

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gazetter of Aurangabad - H. H. The Nizam's Government 1884. (Chapter VI page 395 & 396)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- aulia-e-hind

wikidata_label: Burhanuddin Gharib

wikipedia_title: Burhanuddin Gharib


text:
East Ogwell
John Prince
Worthies of Devon
Devon
Queen Elizabeth
King Henry VIII
France
Flanders
Italy
Adriatic sea
Hungary
Greece
Turks
Buda
Laundersey
Treport
France
Western Rebellion
Edward VI
Earl of Bedford
Weston Peverill
Pennicross
Devon
Plymouth
Germany
France
Italy
England
Saltash
Henry II
Hugh Pictavensis
Robert Peytevin
Earls of Devon
John Southcote
Indio
Bovey Tracey
Devon
Sir Richard Reynell, 1st Baronet
Richard Reynell
Forde
Wolborough
Carew Reynell

categories: English MPs 1559,High Sheriffs of Devon,People from Devon,1585 deaths,Members of the pre-1707 English Parliament for constituencies in Cornwall,1519 births,People of the Tudor period

paragraph: Richard Reynell (died 1585)

paragraph: Richard Reynell (1519–1585) of East Ogwell, Devon, was an English Member of Parliament. An account of him and his sons is given by John Prince in his "Worthies of Devon".

paragraph: Section::::Origins.

paragraph: He was the second son and heir of John Reynell of East Ogwell and his wife Margaret, the daughter of William Fortescue of Wood, Devon.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: "To divers of his kings and queens," writes Prince, "he did special duties and services, being in commission of the peace near forty years, and high sheriff of the county of Devon in the late noble Queen Elizabeth's reign, An. 28. He was ever most virtuously affected, sound in religion, faithful and serviceable to his Princes, upright and zealous in justice, beating down vice, preferring the virtuous, and a keeper of great hospitality. His youth, in King Henry VIII's days, he spent at court, and in travel beyond the seas with honourable knights and gentlemen, first into France, Flanders, and Italy, thence they crossed the Adriatic sea, and so into Hungary and Greece, where they served against the Turks at the siege of Buda. Also he served at Bulloin, when his king, Henry VIII was present. Also at Laundersey, and was at the siege and burning of Treport, in France, &c. Also in the Western Rebellion against Edward VI he having charge of a troop of horsemen, did special good services, when in suppressing and confounding those traytors, he being sorely wounded and hurt, it pleased the king's majesty of his princely bounty to grant his warrant to the Earl of Bedford, then general of those wars, for the rewarding the said Richard Reynell with the demesnes of Weston Peverill, and house called Pennicross, in Devon, near Plymouth. This Richard left behind him 5 sons, whereof 4 are knights, all which sons even from their infancy he ever with godly care and great charge maintain'd in the schools of virtue and learning, viz. at the universities, inns of court, their prince's court, travels into Germany, France, and Italy, &c. All which sons being virtuously disposed, religious and well qualified, are at this day serviceable in some good degree or other to their king's majesty, and their country. Lastly it is generally noted and known, that the aforesaid 5 sons are a knot of as worthy and serviceable gentlemen as any in the Western parts of this kingdom of England."

paragraph: He represented the borough of Saltash in Parliament in 1559. He added to his large possessions, by purchase from the Courtenays, the manor and parish of West Ogwell, which, like East Ogwell to which it is contiguous, was, in the reign of Henry II held by Hugh Pictavensis, to whom succeeded Robert Peytevin. From his family it came to the Courtenays, Earls of Devon, who sold it as before stated.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage & progeny.

paragraph: He married Agnes Southcote, daughter of John Southcote, of Indio, in the parish of Bovey Tracey, Devon, an MP for Lostwithiel, Cornwall. His progeny included:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Thomas Reynell (1545-1621), eldest son and heir, who married twice: firstly to Frances Aylworth, a daughter of John Aylworth of Poslewe, by whom his eldest son and heir was Sir Richard Reynell (1583-1648) of East Ogwell, whose inscribed red marble mural monument survives in the "Reynell Dormitory" of East Ogwell Church, himself the father of both Thomas Reynell (1625-1697/8) of East Ogwell, elected an MP for Devon in 1656 and for Ashburton in 1658, and Sheriff of Devon in 1677; and of Sir Richard Reynell, 1st Baronet (d.1699), Lord Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas in Ireland. Secondly he married Elizabeth Killigrew, a daughter of Sir Henry Killigrew and widow of Sir Jonathan Trelawny, by whom he had a further son Edward Reynell (d.1663) a Fellow of Exeter College, Oxford and Rector of West Ogwell, who committed suicide.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Richard Reynell (d.1633), 3rd son, of Forde in the parish of Wolborough, near Newton Abbot

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Carew Reynell (d.1624), 5th son, MP

paragraph: Section::::Death & burial.

paragraph: He died whilst holding the office of high sheriff, 29 July 1585, and was buried amongst his ancestors in East Ogwell Church. He was succeeded by his eldest son, who rebuilt the Manor House of East Ogwell.

description: English Member of Parliament, died 1585

wikidata_label: Richard Reynell

wikipedia_title: Richard Reynell (died 1585)


text:
Forde
Wolborough
Member of Parliament
Ford House
Newton Abbot
William Waller
Richard Reynell
Devon
Middle Temple
Autumn Reader
rotten borough
Mitchell
Walter Raleigh
Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer
Theobalds House
Forde
Wolborough
Newton Abbot
King Charles I
Plymouth
John Prince
Lucy Brandon
Robert Brandon
Goldsmiths' Company
almshouse
William Waller
Sir William Courtenay, 1st Baronet
Earl of Devon
Powderham
pelletty

categories: 17th-century English people,1558 births,People from Devon,English knights,1633 deaths,Members of the pre-1707 English Parliament for constituencies in Cornwall,English MPs 1593,People of the Tudor period

paragraph: Richard Reynell (died 1633)

paragraph: Sir Richard Reynell (c.1558–1633) of Forde in the parish of Wolborough, Devon, was an English lawyer and Member of Parliament. He built the surviving Ford House, now in the suburbs of Newton Abbot and his daughter and sole heiress Jane Reynell, married the Parliamentary general Sir William Waller.

paragraph: Section::::Origins.

paragraph: He was the third son of Richard Reynell (1519–1585) of East Ogwell in Devon.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Richard followed his two older brothers, Thomas and Josias into the Middle Temple and in 1617 he was a barrister and Autumn Reader there. In 1593 he was probably Member of Parliament for the Cornish rotten borough of Mitchell together with Walter Raleigh. In the same year of 1593 he was a clerk in the office of the Lord Treasurer's Remembrancer and rose to the rank of senior sworn clerk, known as the "secondary". On 25 July 1622 he was knighted at Theobalds House.

paragraph: Section::::Purchase of Forde, Wolborough.

paragraph: At about the time of his marriage in 1600 he bought the estate of Forde in the parish of Wolborough, near Newton Abbot, Devon and immediately set about rebuilding the house. Forde House was visited by King Charles I in 1625 both on his way to and on his return from viewing the fleet at Plymouth. According to John Prince's "The Worthies of Devon", published "circa" 1701:

paragraph: "Unto this house, King Charles I, of gracious memory, came, attended on by the Duke of Buckingham, and other great lords, September, 15th 1625, and was pleased to take up his lodging there. The next day his majesty conferred the honour of knighthood in the dining room of that house, on Richard Reynell, of West Ogwell, and on Thomas Reynell, his brother, who at the time, was his majesty's servant, and sewer in ordinary, to his person, in presence of their wives and divers lords and ladies saying to them, "God give you joy!"

paragraph: Section::::Marriage & progeny.

paragraph: In 1600 he married Lucy Brandon, daughter of Robert Brandon (d.1591), member of the Goldsmiths' Company and Chamberlain of London. Lucy was the subject of a book "The Life and Death of the Religious and Virtuous Lady, the Lady Lucie Reynell of Ford" by her nephew Edward Reynell (published in 1654) which recorded that Richard Reynell had amassed a scholarly library, befitting a man notable for "depth of learning and tongues". The book also recorded his wife's strict manners, but also her charitable works, including her almshouses of 1640, the successors to which still exist in Newton Abbot. He had the following progeny:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jane Reynell, sole daughter and heiress, who in 1622 married the Parliamentary general Sir William Waller.

paragraph: Section::::Death & succession.

paragraph: Sir Richard died in 1633 and was buried on 25 January at Wolborough. He was survived by his wife Lucy Brandon who lived until 1652. His lands including Forde, were inherited by his granddaughter Margaret Waller (born 1633), the only surviving child of his daughter Jane Reynell, who married Sir William Courtenay, 1st Baronet (1628–1702) "de jure" 5th Earl of Devon of Powderham and had 19 children.

paragraph: Section::::Monuments.

paragraph: A splendid and costly marble monument with recumbent effigies of Sir Richard, his wife and daughter, exists in Wolborough Church, against the north wall of the chancel. Portraits of Sir Richard and his wife hang on the wall of West Ogwell house. His armorials are displayed in stained glass in one of the windows of Middle Temple Hall, and in a window of the hall in Forde House, impaling the arms of Brandon: "Argent, two bars gules overall a lion rampant or pelletty"

description: English lawyer and Member of Parliament, died 1633

wikidata_label: Sir Richard Reynell

wikipedia_title: Richard Reynell (died 1633)


text: Ritter

text: Vienna

text: Austria

text: Bad Aussee

text: Styria

text: diplomat

text: Bern

text: Cairo

text: Ankara

text: Paris

text: Legion of Honour

categories: 1992 deaths,Politicians from Vienna,Ambassadors of Austria to Egypt,Foreign ministers of Austria,Recipients of the Grand Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria,1908 births,Ambassadors of Austria to Switzerland,Ambassadors of Austria to Turkey,Recipients of the Decoration for Services to the Liberation of Austria,Grand Officiers of the Légion d'honneur,Ambassadors of Austria to France,Austrian knights

paragraph: Erich Bielka

paragraph: Erich Bielka or Erich Bielka-Karltreu (born Ritter Bielka von Karltreu, May 15, 1908, Vienna, Austria - September 1, 1992, Bad Aussee, Styria) was an Austrian diplomat and member of the Austrian government. During his career, he served as Austrian ambassador in Bern, Cairo, Ankara and Paris and as Foreign Minister from 1974 to 1976.

paragraph: Section::::Honours and awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grand Gold Decoration for Services to the Republic of Austria (1965)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Great Silver Medal for Services to the Republic of Austria (1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grand Officer of the Legion of Honour

paragraph: BULLET::::- Decoration for Services to the Liberation of Austria

description: Austrian diplomat

wikidata_label: Erich Bielka

wikipedia_title: Erich Bielka


text:
Dutch
towage
salvage
Smit International
shipyard
Alblasserdam
Rotterdam
East Indies
Kinderdijk
Hellevoetsluis
paddle steamer
brigantine
clipper ship
California
Port Adelaide
Australia
Anyer
Sunda Strait
The Lizard
corvette
shōgun
Nagasaki
Willem Huyssen van Kattendijke
Kanrin Maru
Nieuw-Lekkerland
SBM Offshore
Fop Smit

categories: Businesspeople in shipbuilding,1866 deaths,1777 births,People from Alblasserdam,Dutch businesspeople

paragraph: Fop Smit

paragraph: Fop Smit (11 October 1777 – 25 August 1866) was a Dutch naval architect, shipbuilder, and shipowner. He founded the towage and salvage company L. Smit & Co that is now part of Smit International. His shipyard had a number of "firsts" in shipbuilding and produced a number of famous vessels.

paragraph: Section::::Family life.

paragraph: Smit was born in Alblasserdam, the son of Jan Foppe Smit and Marrijgje Ceele. He married Jannigje Pieterse Mak on 29 June 1806 in Alblasserdam.

paragraph: Section::::Business history.

paragraph: After the death of his father Jan (on whose yard he had worked before then as a shipwright) Fop Smit took over the management of the yard, together with his brother Jan in 1820. They built an early wooden river steamboat, "Willem I", in 1825. This design (by the Frisian marine architect Van Loon) was so successful that they soon had orders for another five steamships. After the association between the brothers ended in 1828, Fop Smit received an order for the first Dutch seagoing steamship, "Batavier" from the "Nederlandsche Stoomboot Maatschappij" in Rotterdam. This ship was launched in 1830. It plied the Rotterdam-London route.

paragraph: Smit built his first ocean-going ship, intended for the trade on the East Indies at his yard in Kinderdijk in 1838.

paragraph: On 6 November 1842 Smit contracted with 47 Rotterdam shipowners and maritime insurers to build a steam tug and station it in Hellevoetsluis for towage work. The tug "Kinderdijk" was launched on 31 August 1843 and put in service by December of that year. By the time of his death in 1866 the company owned nine paddle steamer tugboats.

paragraph: In 1847 his yard built the first iron ship in the Netherlands, the brigantine "Industrie", for the account of the Rotterdam shipowner Willem Ruys. This was followed in 1853 by the first Dutch iron clipper ship "California", built for the account of the Amsterdam firm Louis Bienfait & Zn. This ship on its maiden voyage reached its destination Port Adelaide in Australia with British emigrants on board in 86 days under captain Jaski. Other famous clippers, built by the yard, were "Noach" I through VI. "Noach I" sailed in 65 days from Anyer on the Sunda Strait to The Lizard in 1867.

paragraph: Smit also branched out to naval construction. His Kinderdijk yard in 1856 built two schooner-rigged screw-steam corvettes: "Zr. Ms. Bali" for the Dutch navy, and "Japan" for the Japanese "shōgun". The latter ship sailed with a Dutch naval detachment to Nagasaki in Japan under Lt. Willem Huyssen van Kattendijke in 1857. "Japan" was later renamed "Kanrin Maru", the first screw-driven Japanese steam warship.

paragraph: The last ship Fop Smit laid down was the clipper "Nestor", but he died in Nieuw-Lekkerland at age 89 before he could complete this. After his death, his son Leendert took over the management of the yard.

paragraph: The Smit shipyard was one of the Dutch shipyards that eventually became part of the IHC Gusto Engineering and SBM Offshore marine and offshore engineering firms.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fop Smit

description: Dutch businessman

wikidata_label: Fop Smit

wikipedia_title: Fop Smit


text:
Dutch
Willem van Otterloo
Bilthoven, The Netherlands
Metropole Orkest
jazz
Amsterdam
Eurovision Song Contest
Amsterdam
Het is een wonder
Jij en ik
Ik hou van jou
Rechtop in de wind
jazz
Bilthoven
Turks Fruit
Soldaat van Oranje
Turks Fruit
De vloek van Woestewolf
Help, de dokter verzuipt!
Keetje Tippel
Soldaat van Oranje
Grijpstra & De Gier
Vrijdag
Te Gek Om Los te Lopen
De Vlaschaard
Op hoop van zegen
Official site

categories: 1941 births,Eurovision Song Contest conductors,Deaths from cancer in the Netherlands,20th-century conductors (music),20th-century composers,Male film score composers,1988 deaths,Male jazz composers,Dutch conductors (music),Male conductors (music),Dutch jazz composers,Musicians from Amsterdam,Dutch film score composers

paragraph: Rogier van Otterloo

paragraph: Willem Rogier van Otterloo (11 December 1941 – 29 January 1988) was a Dutch composer and conductor.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Van Otterloo was the eldest son of the conductor Willem van Otterloo, in Bilthoven, The Netherlands. He composed several soundtracks for Dutch films and in 1980 became conductor of the Metropole Orkest for jazz music in Amsterdam. He conducted five Dutch entries in Eurovision Song Contests: "Amsterdam" (1980), "Het is een wonder" (1981), "Jij en ik" (1982), "Ik hou van jou" (1984) and "Rechtop in de wind" (1987). He has also composed jazz music.

paragraph: He died from cancer in Bilthoven in 1988.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Turks Fruit' 1973

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Visions' 1974

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Lets Go To Randstad/Randstad Reflection' 1974

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Munich 74' 1974

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'On The Move' 1976

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Moods' 1976

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'The French Collection' 1976

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Heartbeat/Farewell Song' 1976

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Soldaat van Oranje' 1977

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Tin Pan Alley' 1978

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Wereldsuccessen' 1978

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Juliana 70' 1979

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Grijpstra en de Gier'1979

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Collage' 1980

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'First In The Air' 1984

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Silver Selection' 1985

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Verzameld Werk' 2005

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Turks Fruit" (1973)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "De vloek van Woestewolf"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Help, de dokter verzuipt!" (1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Keetje Tippel" (1975)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Soldaat van Oranje" (1977)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Grijpstra & De Gier" (1979)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vrijdag" (1981)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Te Gek Om Los te Lopen" (1981)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "De Vlaschaard" (1983)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Op hoop van zegen" (1986)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official site

description: Dutch conductor

wikidata_label: Rogier van Otterloo

wikipedia_title: Rogier van Otterloo


text:
British Hip Hop
YNR Productions
High Focus Records
Guardian newspaper
Chemo
Brixton
Verb T
Jehst
Squirrelz With Gunz
7" Vinyl
Roc Marciano
Q Magazine
The Quietus
North Africa
Jam Baxter
Onoe Caponoe
High Focus Records
Pete Rock
Havoc
Alchemist
J Dilla
El-P
Rza
psychedelic rock
dancehall
blues
Highlife
Squirrelz With Gunz
Roc Marciano
KMJ45 Studios
Discogs
Telemachus Soundcloud

categories: 1984 births,English hip hop musicians,Living people,English record producers

paragraph: Chemo (musician)

paragraph: David L.G. Webb, known professionally as Chemo is an English music producer and DJ. He has also released several albums under the pseudonym ‘Telemachus’. As a sound engineer he has worked at the forefront of the British Hip Hop scene, acting as chief engineer for YNR Productions and High Focus Records. Chemo was recognised by the Guardian newspaper as a man who “has helped British music move along more than most people will ever know”.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:2004 – 2011.

paragraph: Named after a fictional DC Comics supervillain, Chemo first started as a producer and DJ for London Hip Hop group 'Frontline'. He helped found legendary Hip Hop night ‘Speakers Corner’ in Brixton. Off the back of Speakers Corner, Chemo worked on albums for Verb T, Kyza, Kashmere, Manage, Jehst, Triple Darkness and others.

paragraph: In 2007, Chemo produced a compilation album titled Squirrelz With Gunz, alongside World DMC champion DJ Skully. A second compilation of his work between 2007-2011 entitled ‘The Stomach of the Mountain’ was released in 2011.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:2011 - Present.

paragraph: Telemachus (born in 2011) is a pseudonym used for Webb’s solo projects and to allow him to be “a little more artful.”. The debut release was a 7" Vinyl entitled ‘Scarecrows’ featuring Roc Marciano. This was taken from the ‘In The Evening’ album which was awarded album of the month by Q Magazine and named one of the albums of the year by The Quietus. Telemachus followed up this album by travelling to North Africa in 2014 to create his ‘In Morocco’ album.

paragraph: Chemo continued to produce for numerous vocalists and was lauded in particular for executive producing albums for Jam Baxter and Onoe Caponoe on High Focus Records.

paragraph: Section::::Style.

paragraph: Early productions often mirrored pioneers such as Pete Rock, Havoc, Alchemist, J Dilla, El-P and Rza - eventually evolving into a more nuanced and varied style - “From beautifully shuffling jazz drums to sinister synths to delicately plucked strings, he displays a vast knowledge of music and an ear for off the wall styles.” ]

paragraph: The birth of Telemachus gave him the opportunity to call upon far wider influences (psychedelic rock, dancehall, blues, West African Highlife) that led journalist Neil Kulkarni to describe Chemo as “an ancient, modern and unique voice in British Music”.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Studio Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007 - Chemo - Squirrelz With Gunz

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2010 - Chemo - The Stomach of the Mountain

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011 - Telemachus - Scarecrows ft. Roc Marciano

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013 - Telemachus - In the Evening

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014 - Telemachus - In Morocco

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Collaborative.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 - Triple Darkness - Anathema

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014 - Jam Baxter - ...so we ate them whole

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015 - Onoe Caponoe - Tales from Planet Cattele

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017 - Jam Baxter - Mansion 38

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018 - Jam Baxter - Touching Scenes

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- KMJ45 Studios

paragraph: BULLET::::- Discogs

paragraph: BULLET::::- Telemachus Soundcloud

description: English recording artist and record producer

wikidata_label: Chemo

wikipedia_title: Chemo (musician)


text:
Żagań
Głogów
Szprotawa
Krosno Odrzańskie
Świebodzin
Głogów
Kożuchów
Zielona Góra
Lubin
Henry VIII the Sparrow
Głogów
Władysław of Opole
Kożuchów
Zielona Góra
dower
Rupert I of Legnica
Jan I
Henry VI the Older
Henry X Rumpold
Wenceslaus
Głogów
Świebodzin
Krosno Odrzańskie
Szprotawa
Bytnica
Emperor Sigismund
Hussites
Denmark
Eric
Bishop of Wroclaw
Hussite Wars
Przemyslaus I Noszak, Duke of Cieszyn
Wroclaw
Bratislava
Teutonic Order
Lusatia
Władysław II Jogaila
Poland
House of Luxembourg
Opole
Bernard of Niedmolin (Falkenberg)
Bolko IV of Opole
Prague
Bolko V the Hussite
Albert V of Habsburg
Odra River
Oleśnica
Lubin
Jan I
Henryk X
George of Poděbrady
King of Bohemia
Świdnica
Opole
Nicholas I
Casimir IV of Poland
Babimost
Gościkowo
excommunicated
Jan II the Mad
Balthasar
Krosno Odrzańskie
Kożuchów
Konrad III the Old
Oleśnica
Henryk XI
Jan II of Rosenberg
Genealogical database by Herbert Stoyan

categories: People excommunicated by the Catholic Church,Piast dynasty,1380s births,1467 deaths,Medieval nobility of the Holy Roman Empire,14th-century Polish people

paragraph: Henryk IX Starszy

paragraph: Henryk IX Starszy (literally "Henry IX the Older") (b. probably between 1387 and 1392, d 11 November 1467 in Krosno) was a Duke of Żagań-Głogów during 1397–1412 (as co-ruler of his brother), during 1412–17 ruler over Szprotawa, Krosno Odrzańskie, Świebodzin and half of Głogów (with his brothers as co-rulers), since 1417 ruler over Szprotawa, half of Głogów, since 1420 ruler over Kożuchów and Zielona Góra, from 1430 ruler over Krosno Odrzańskie and Świebodzin and since 1446 Duke of Lubin.

paragraph: He was the second son of Henry VIII the Sparrow, Duke of Głogów by his wife Katharina, daughter of Duke Władysław of Opole.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: After his father's death in 1397, the Dowager Duchess Katharina moved with their children to Kożuchów, who, together with Zielona Góra, was her dower. Between 1397-1401 the official custody of the princes and the regency of the Duchy was held by Duke Rupert I of Legnica. This was a difficult task, since Henryk VIII leave his lands in a difficult financial situation. Rupert I gradually began the payment of Henryk VIII's creditors and improved the general situation of the Duchy. The Regent showed special assistance to the main cities of the Duchy: Głogów, Krosno Odrzańskie and Szprotawa.

paragraph: After his older brother Jan I attained his majority in 1401, he assumed the guardianship of his younger brothers and assumed the full government of the Duchy. In 1403 the brothers received the lands of their uncle Henry VI the Older after the resignation of his widow Hedwig of Legnica, who ruled them as her dower since 1393. In 1412 was made the formal division of the Duchy: Henry IX, together with his brothers Henry X Rumpold and Wenceslaus obtained the Duchy of Głogów (who included half of Głogów, Świebodzin, Krosno Odrzańskie and Szprotawa).

paragraph: By 1417 was made a new divisionary treaty, this time in the Duchy of Głogów: Henryk IX and Henryk X Rumpold retained Głogów and Szprotawa, but give to their younger brother Wenceslaus the towns of Świebodzin, Krosno Odrzańskie and Bytnica (those areas returned to him in 1431 after Wenceslaus's death). Henry IX and Henry X Rumpold ruled jointly, but the tasks of government remained in the hands of Henry IX. Henry X Rumpold remains at the service of the Kings of Bohemia and Hungary and the Emperor Sigismund, under whose orders he fought against the Hussites and made diplomatic missions to Denmark, where he died in 1423 shortly before his wedding with a relative of King Eric. Since the death of his brother, Henryk IX ruled the Duchy alone. Previously, he received the towns of Kożuchów and Zielona Góra after the death of his mother in 1420; however, this inheritance wasn't count with the approval of his older brother Jan I and led to short-term war between the sons of Henry VIII. The conflict ended successfully by Henry IX, who could retain the towns (the dispute ultimately was decided by the Elector Rudolf III of Saxony, leaving the two princes with his lands intact).

paragraph: According to the contemporary chronicles Henryk IX was a mild man, of a peaceful mindsets. In his youth he suggested as Bishop of Wroclaw, but he did not accept. During his government were developed the turbulent Hussite Wars, which included the Duchy of Silesia; however, he managed to maintain the peace over Głogów.

paragraph: In 1416 Henryk IX was a mediator in a dispute between the sons of Przemyslaus I Noszak, Duke of Cieszyn. In 1420 took place in Wroclaw the great congress of Silesian princes, were Henry IX was also present. The princes paid tribute to Emperor Sigismund. In 1423 Henry IX, together with his brother Jan I, and other Silesian princes took part in the meeting of Preszburg (now Bratislava), where he discussed with the Teutonic Order and the Lusatia cities the further partition of Poland. There was made a special emphasis to waived the politics of King Władysław II Jogaila of Poland, who promoted the Hussites insurgents.

paragraph: The cooperation with the House of Luxembourg allowed Henryk IX to obtain parts of the inheritance of his maternal grandfather Władysław of Opole; however, the volatility of economic and the subordination of Dukes Bernard of Niedmolin (Falkenberg) and Bolko IV of Opole ultimately convinced the Emperor on 16 September 1435 to confirm the favorable ruling to the Dukes of Opole after an arbitration made in Prague on 2 July 1417, who obliged Henryk IX to return to the Dukes of Opole the lands taken by him.

paragraph: In the first months of 1425 began to organize the Hussite retaliatory expedition to Silesia. The reaction of the Silesian rulers was different: some of them passed by on the Hussites (like Bolko V the Hussite), while others fight against them, like Henry IX. The entry of the Hussite troops to the Duchy Głogów caused great destruction. Henry IX seek the assistance of the Polish King Wladyslaw II Jogaila. In return for the King's protection against the Hussites, he promised named him his heir, but these efforts have produced no major results. In 1431, during the subsequent Hussite invasion, Henryk IX was able to repelled them. In 1433, together with troops from Poland and the Teutonic Order, he took part in the war against the Hussites.

paragraph: During the next war against Bohemia during 1438-1439 Henryk IX supported Albert V of Habsburg, and on 3 December 1438 he paid homage to him. At the beginning of the following year he managed to repelled the Greater Poland troops at the crossings of the Odra River despite his much smaller forces.

paragraph: The reputation of Henryk IX in Silesia was an enormous; for example, in September 1444 the Duke was a mediator in the conflict between the Dukes of Oleśnica. Two years later, in 1446, he could take control over Lubin, when his rulers, the Dukes Jan I and Henryk X pledged this land to him.

paragraph: On 19 April 1458 Henry IX acceded to preside the association of Silesian princes and cities against George of Poděbrady the new King of Bohemia. However, after the general recognition of the new Bohemian ruler the next year, he finally paid homage to him in Świdnica. This step was followed by the formal investiture to King George of the Duchy of Opole on 26 October 1463. However, in view of the strong resistance of both Dukes Henry IX and Nicholas I, the King finally decided to make a compromise on 29 April 1464, under which he waived all his claims over Opole in return for 14,000 pieces of gold.

paragraph: During his reign, Głogów was the witness of important events: on 17 May 1462 took place in the city the meeting between King Casimir IV of Poland and King George of Bohemia. They accorded there that, after George's death, the Bohemian throne could passed to Casimir IV's son. During this important meeting was also discussed the disputes between Poland and the Duchy of Głogów. Any dispute between them was resolved after further congress in Babimost and Gościkowo (Paradyż).

paragraph: Despite the fruitful cooperation with the Bohemian King, on 23 December Henry IX was excommunicated by the Pope for accepted the nomination of the Polish prince as heir of Bohemia.

paragraph: At the end of his reign, Henryk IX concentrated all his energy in his war against his nephew Jan II the Mad, in order to restore the Duchy of Żagań to his eldest nephew and Jan II's brother, Balthasar.

paragraph: In the present, were little information of the government activities of Henryk IX. However, in Głogów was founded new laws, judicial orders, etc. created by him. During this time, the financial problems continued.

paragraph: Henryk died on 11 November 1467 in Krosno Odrzańskie and was buried in the chapel of the missionaries of Kożuchów.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and issue.

paragraph: By 1432, probably no later than 1423, Henryk IX married with Jadwiga (died by 25 June 1447 – 1453), daughter of Konrad III the Old, Duke of Oleśnica.

paragraph: They had six children:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Zygmunt (born 1431 or 1432 – died 24 December 1458).

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Henryk XI (after 1428 – died 22 February 1476).

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Anna (born probably 1430-1440 – died 17 December 1483), married in 1454 Jan II of Rosenberg.

paragraph: BULLET::::4. A son (born before 30 May 1447 – died before 11 November 1467).

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Hedwig (born c. 1450 – died by 30 May 1482).

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Katharina (born before 1454 – died after 14 November 1497).

paragraph: In a will written in 1447 he left the Duchy to his three sons as co-rulers. In the testament was an entry who expressed the wish that the Duchy was not divided for 20 years. His heirs weren't allowed to consult foreign advisers. This was to ensure the unify of Głogów. However, the early death of two of his sons prevented the danger of further divisions, and the all the Duchy of Głogów passed to his only surviving son, Henry XI, the last male member of his line.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Genealogical database by Herbert Stoyan

paragraph: BULLET::::- "This article was translated from his original in Polish Wikipedia."

description: Polish nobleman

wikidata_label: Henry IX the Older

wikipedia_title: Henryk IX Starszy


text: Air Vice Marshal

text: CBE

text: DFC

text: AFC

text: Royal Australian Air Force

text: Melbourne

text: Darwin

text: Australian Flying Corps

text: No. 3 Squadron

text: Western Front

text: Distinguished Flying Cross

text: Air Force Cross

text: group captain

text: RAAF Station Laverton

text: air commodore

text: Air Member for Personnel

text: Women's Auxiliary Australian Air Force

text: Clare Stevenson

text: Air Officer Commanding

text: RAAF Overseas Headquarters

text: Collingwood

text: Melbourne

text: Richmond Central School

text: Melbourne High School

text: cadets

text: University of Melbourne

text: militia

text: Australian Flying Corps

text: Eric Harrison

text: Central Flying School

text: Point Cook

text: Western Front

text: No. 3 Squadron AFC

text: Royal Flying Corps

text: Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8

text: reconnaissance

text: artillery-spotting

text: ground support

text: captain

text: Distinguished Flying Cross

text: London Gazette

text: Darwin

text: England-to-Australia flight

text: Arthur "Spud" Murphy

text: Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2

text: Air Force Cross

text: gazetted

text: Australian Air Corps

text: adjutant

text: Royal Australian Air Force

text: flight lieutenant

text: Frank McNamara

text: squadron leader

text: RAAF Station Richmond

text: Airco DH.9

text: RAF Staff College, Andover

text: Air Liaison Officer

text: Air Ministry

text: Royal Air Force

text: Per Ardua Ad Astra

text: wing commander

text: army co-operation

text: group captain

text: RAAF Station Laverton

text: Adrian Cole

text: Avro Anson

text: air commodore

text: Air Officer Commanding

text: Southern Area

text: New Year Honours

text: Women's Auxiliary Australian Air Force

text: Chief of the Air Staff

text: Sir Charles Burnett

text: Women's Auxiliary Air Force

text: Berlei

text: Clare Stevenson

text: Mary Bell

text: Air Training Corps

text: air vice marshal

text: Richard Williams

text: Stanley Goble

text: RAAF Overseas Headquarters

text: Washington, DC

text: Arthur Drakeford

text: George Jones

text: war in the Pacific

text: Empire Air Training Scheme

text: No. 459 Squadron

text: Sicily

text: No. 450 Squadron

text: Royal Australian Navy

text: Royal Aeronautical Society

text: Hotel Canberra

text: Golden Jubilee

text: Bill Anderson

text: Hippolyte De La Rue

text: Sir Lawrence Wackett

text: air superiority

text: RAAF Museum

text: Darwin International Airport

text: Chief of Air Force

text: Mark Binskin

categories: Military personnel from Melbourne,Australian military personnel of World War I,1987 deaths,Australian aviators,Aviators from Melbourne,1892 births,Australian recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom),Australian Commanders of the Order of the British Empire,Australian recipients of the Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)

paragraph: Henry Wrigley

paragraph: Air Vice Marshal Henry Neilson Wrigley, CBE, DFC, AFC (21 April 1892 – 14 September 1987) was a senior commander in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). A pioneering flyer and aviation scholar, he piloted the first trans-Australia flight from Melbourne to Darwin in 1919, and afterwards laid the groundwork for the RAAF's air power doctrine. During World War I, Wrigley joined the Australian Flying Corps and saw combat with No. 3 Squadron on the Western Front, earning the Distinguished Flying Cross; he later commanded the unit and published a history of its wartime exploits. He was awarded the Air Force Cross for his 1919 cross-country flight.

paragraph: Wrigley was a founding member of the RAAF in 1921 and held staff posts in the ensuing years. In 1936, he was promoted to group captain and took command of RAAF Station Laverton. Raised to air commodore soon after the outbreak of World War II, he became Air Member for Personnel in November 1940. One of his tasks was organising the newly established Women's Auxiliary Australian Air Force and selecting its director, Clare Stevenson, in 1941. He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire the same year. Wrigley served as Air Officer Commanding RAAF Overseas Headquarters, London, from September 1942 until his retirement from the military in June 1946. He died in 1987 at the age of ninety-five. His writings on air power were collected and published posthumously as "The Decisive Factor" in 1990.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and World War I.

paragraph: Henry Neilson Wrigley was born on 21 April 1892 in Collingwood, a suburb of Melbourne, to Henry and Beatrice Wrigley. He was educated at Richmond Central School and at Melbourne High School, where he joined the cadets. Studying at the University of Melbourne, he became a state school teacher and a member of the militia prior to the outbreak of World War I. He joined the Australian Flying Corps (AFC) on 5 October 1916. Wrigley trained as a pilot under the tutelage of Lieutenant Eric Harrison at Central Flying School in Point Cook, Victoria, before departing Melbourne on 25 October aboard a troopship bound for Europe.

paragraph: After further training in England, Wrigley was posted to France and flew on the Western Front with No. 3 Squadron AFC (also known until 1918 as No. 69 Squadron, Royal Flying Corps). Operating Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8s, the unit was engaged in reconnaissance, artillery-spotting and ground support duties. Having been promoted to captain, Wrigley was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for his "exceptional devotion to duty", in particular his persistence in pressing home an attack against enemy infantry on 29 October 1918 in the face of "intense machine gun and rifle fire"; the honour was promulgated in the "London Gazette" on 3 June 1919. Wrigley later observed that most wartime aircraft were "impossible to fight in", and that senior officers were "too occupied with coaxing aeroplanes into the air and teaching pilots to bring them down again without breaking their necks" to consider the wider implications of air power.

paragraph: Section::::Between the wars.

paragraph: Wrigley became No. 3 Squadron's commanding officer in January 1919, and returned to Australia on 6 May. Later that year he took part in the first transcontinental flight across Australia, from Melbourne to Darwin, to coincide with the first England-to-Australia flight. Accompanied by his mechanic and former schoolmate, Sergeant Arthur "Spud" Murphy, Wrigley departed Point Cook on 16 November and arrived in Port Darwin on 12 December, having travelled some in forty-seven flying hours. The men flew in a single-engined Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2, with no radio, over unmapped and often hazardous terrain, and surveyed seventeen potential landing fields along the way. Wrigley considered the choice of Murphy as his cohort "a particularly happy one" but called the aircraft they were assigned "an obsolete type, even for training purposes", while conceding that "it was structurally sound and airworthy". In recognition of their achievement the men were each awarded the Air Force Cross, gazetted on 12 July 1920. Such was the perceived danger of the expedition that while making preparations for the flight back they received a telegram from the Defence Department ordering them to dismantle the B.E.2 and return with it by ship.

paragraph: On 1 January 1920, Wrigley transferred to the Australian Air Corps (AAC), a temporary organisation formed by the Army following disbandment of the wartime AFC. He was appointed adjutant at Central Flying School the following month. In 1921, Wrigley joined the newly established Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) as a flight lieutenant. Popularly known as "Wrig", he was one of the original twenty-one officers on the Air Force's strength at its formation that March. For the next seven years he held staff posts at RAAF Headquarters, Melbourne, beginning with the position of staff officer to the Director of Personnel and Training. On 5 July 1922, Wrigley married Marjorie Rees; the couple had a son and a daughter. The same month, he replaced Flight Lieutenant Frank McNamara as Staff Officer (Operations and Intelligence). He served as RAAF Training Officer from March 1923 to April 1925—during which time he was promoted to squadron leader—before being appointed Director of Organisation and Staff Duties. In November 1927, he took part in an attempt to make the first night flight from Sydney to Melbourne. Taking off from RAAF Station Richmond in an Airco DH.9, Wrigley and his co-pilot were in the air for six hours and covered before a broken fuel line forced them to land for repairs; they completed the journey the following day.

paragraph: Wrigley travelled to England in 1928 to attend RAF Staff College, Andover, becoming one of the first RAAF officers to complete the course. Remaining in England, he was appointed Australian Air Liaison Officer to the Air Ministry in 1929. That October, he initiated correspondence with the British Air Council to discuss a proposal for the RAAF to adopt as its own the Royal Air Force's motto "Per Ardua Ad Astra"; informal approval was granted by letter to Wrigley in March 1930. Returning to Australia, he became Director of Operations and Intelligence at RAAF Headquarters in October 1930, and Director of Organisation and Staff Duties in December 1931. He was promoted to wing commander in December 1932. In 1935 he published his history of No. 3 Squadron, "The Battle Below", which was considered an authoritative treatment on the subject of army co-operation. He was promoted group captain in July 1936, and that October took over as commanding officer of RAAF Station Laverton, Victoria, from Group Captain McNamara. Wrigley handed over the station's command to Group Captain Adrian Cole in February 1939. In May 1939, Wrigley served as the senior expert assessor on the panel of an inquiry into three recent accidents involving Avro Ansons; the full report handed down in October found that training on the type followed the syllabus, but that pilots needed more practical experience in dealing with in-flight incidents, as human error was the likely explanation for at least one crash.

paragraph: Section::::World War II.

paragraph: As part of the RAAF's reorganisation following the outbreak of World War II, No. 1 Group was formed under Wrigley's command in Melbourne on 20 November 1939, to oversee the operations of air bases and units in Victoria, South Australia, and Tasmania. Promoted air commodore, in 1940 Wrigley served as Air Officer Commanding (AOC) Southern Area, the successor organisation to No. 1 Group, before taking up the position of Air Member for Personnel (AMP) in November that year. He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1941 New Year Honours. As AMP, Wrigley's responsibilities included organising the Women's Auxiliary Australian Air Force (WAAAF), established on 25 March 1941 as the first uniformed women's branch of an armed service in the country. He believed that recruiting servicewomen was essential to augment the many ground staff required to support the war effort, and considered that while such an organisation should be constitutionally separate from the RAAF, its members should be closely integrated within the current force structure.

paragraph: The Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) was at this time an RAF officer, Air Chief Marshal Sir Charles Burnett, who hoped to see his daughter Sybil-Jean, a veteran of Britain's Women's Auxiliary Air Force, take charge of the WAAAF. Wrigley successfully argued against this, telling Burnett that there had already been "enough public outcry" over a non-Australian being named CAS, and there would be "a further public outcry" if anyone other than an Australian was appointed WAAAF Director. On 21 May, he selected Berlei executive Clare Stevenson as WAAAF Director, passing over temporary appointee Mary Bell, wife of a serving RAAF group captain. Wrigley chose Stevenson on the basis of her management background and because she was not a "socialite". Bell, who was offered the position of Deputy Director, chose to resign from the WAAAF on learning of Stevenson's appointment, but Wrigley later convinced her to rejoin. Meanwhile, Wrigley played a leading part in the development of the Air Training Corps, formed in April 1941 to facilitate basic training for youths aged sixteen to eighteen who hoped to become RAAF aircrew.

paragraph: Wrigley's promotion to acting air vice marshal was announced in May 1941, making him only the third member of the RAAF—after Richard Williams and Stanley Goble—to attain this rank. In September 1942, he was posted to London to take over from Frank McNamara as AOC RAAF Overseas Headquarters. For a time, he was involved in a tug-of-war with Air Marshal Williams over just who was in charge. Williams, who commanded Overseas Headquarters at its inception in December 1941, with McNamara as his deputy, had subsequently been appointed as the RAAF's representative to Washington, DC, leaving McNamara in charge of the London office until Wrigley arrived. The Minister for Air, Arthur Drakeford, was in favour of Williams commanding the RAAF offices in both the US and UK while Wrigley acted for him in London, despite Wrigley having been appointed AOC. Wrigley's diary recorded that when Williams returned to London in October 1942 to attend a conference, he began "throwing his weight around" and "intriguing to have himself made AOC, and possibly AOC in C [Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief] of all RAAF units and personnel outside Australia and the SW Pacific". Although Williams departed England in January 1943, the matter was only fully laid to rest in mid-1943, when the CAS, Air Vice Marshal George Jones, advised Williams that it was impractical for him to command offices in both Washington and London.

paragraph: As AOC RAAF Overseas Headquarters, Wrigley was responsible for looking after the interests of RAAF aircrew stationed in the European and the Middle Eastern theatres, liaising between the British Air Ministry and the Australian government regarding technical developments and information on the war in the Pacific, and negotiating revisions to the terms of the Empire Air Training Scheme (EATS). The role had little influence on the deployment of Australian personnel for the air offensive in Europe, who were subject to RAF policy and strategy even when they belonged to RAAF squadrons. According to the official history of Australia in the war, Wrigley and his predecessors could hardly do more than "retard the centrifugal forces affecting Australian disposition, and repair the worst administrative difficulties arising from wide dispersion".

paragraph: Wrigley became a familiar and popular figure for the thousands of Australian airmen who passed through London during the war, and was known to take off his jacket and tend bar at Codgers, the headquarters' watering hole. An EATS graduate later remarked that "under Air Vice-Marshal Wrigley we got tremendous service ... I was in North Africa, Italy, Sardinia, Corsica and then back in the United Kingdom. We got our mail, we got our comforts ... Not only that, when some cow went and pinched 100 quid from me when I was on leave in London, the next day, with a shaking hand, I was able to sign for another 100 quid and have a good time."

paragraph: In March 1943, following negotiations that had begun the previous year, Wrigley signed a revision of EATS that finally recognised Australia's "national aspirations" regarding concentration of her airmen in RAAF squadrons as opposed to them being scattered throughout RAF units, reasonable prospects of promotion and rotation for staff, and pay and other conditions of service confirmed as being per RAAF stipulations. The official history contended that "for the most part Australia was still left chasing a dream rather than a reality", as many clauses in the agreement were "subject to operational exigencies" and to be adhered to only "as far as possible". Wrigley toured the Mediterranean in September, visiting No. 459 Squadron in the Middle East, and travelling to Sicily to interview ground staff of No. 450 Squadron over their grievances concerning lack of promotion and leave; his presence was considered to have defused this situation.

paragraph: Wrigley's son Ronald enlisted in the Royal Australian Navy in September 1944 and served until his demobilisation in 1946. The end of hostilities in Europe on 7 May 1945 raised a major logistical challenge for Wrigley as the senior officer responsible for some 13,500 RAAF personnel spread across Britain, the Mediterranean, and the continent, only a minority of whom were in nominally Australian squadrons, the bulk serving with RAF establishments. "The task was energetically met", according to the official history; fewer than 1,000 RAAF personnel remained in RAF units by 1 September, although repatriation continued through into the new year.

paragraph: Section::::Retirement and legacy.

paragraph: Wrigley was forcibly retired from the RAAF in 1946, along with other senior commanders and veterans of World War I, ostensibly to make way for the advancement of younger and equally capable officers. Keenly disappointed with the decision, Wrigley was officially discharged on 6 June. He found it difficult to secure civilian employment because, "by the time I got back, all the worthwhile jobs round Australia had been snapped up by people, not only air force people but other people on the spot". After an unsuccessful attempt to run his own retail business, he "eventually earned a living by taking on some administrative jobs which carried on for a few years". Wrigley was made an honorary air vice marshal in July 1956. In 1966 he became executive officer of the Victorian Overseas Foundation, and later a trustee. He published "Aircraft and Economic Development: The RAAF Contribution" through the Royal Aeronautical Society in 1969. In March 1971, he was among a select group of surviving founding members of the RAAF who attended a celebratory dinner at the Hotel Canberra to mark the service's Golden Jubilee; his fellow guests included Air Marshal Sir Richard Williams, Air Vice Marshal Bill Anderson, Air Commodore Hippolyte De La Rue, and Wing Commander Sir Lawrence Wackett. After the death of his first wife, Marjorie, Wrigley married Zenda Edwards on 5 January 1972. In December 1979, he was the guest of honour at celebrations marking sixty years of flying at Darwin; the RAAF flew him from Point Cook to Darwin to commemorate his historic 1919 flight with Arthur Murphy. Wrigley wrote a history of the Victorian branch of the United Services Institution in 1980. Aged ninety-five, he died in Melbourne on 14 September 1987.

paragraph: Throughout his life, Wrigley was an "inveterate note-taker" who compiled extensive documentation concerning the theory and practice of air power, on which he lectured among colleagues in the RAAF during the 1920s. The concepts that he propagated included air superiority, the need for an air force to be separate from the other branches of the armed services, control of the air as a means of carrying out offensive strikes, and the substitution of aerial forces for ground troops. While arguing for the independence of the air arm, Wrigley was quick to dispel any notion that it would simply "arrive from God knows where, drop [its] bombs God knows where, and go off again God knows where"; rather it should act in concert with the army and navy in furtherance of government policy. He is thus credited with laying the foundations for the RAAF's modern air power doctrine, which would eventually be codified as the "Air Power Manual" in 1990. Wrigley's widow bequeathed twenty volumes of his writings, maps, and photographs to the RAAF Museum at Point Cook after his death; they were edited and published by Air Commodore Brendan O'Loghlin and Wing Commander Alan Stephens in 1990 as "The Decisive Factor: Air Power Doctrine by Air Vice-Marshal H.N. Wrigley". In 1996, Wrigley's former residence as commanding officer of RAAF Station Laverton prior to World War II was christened Wrigley House in his honour. His name is also borne by Henry Wrigley Drive, approaching Darwin International Airport. In March 2010, the Chief of Air Force, Air Marshal Mark Binskin, established the AVM H.N. Wrigley Prize for air power analysis, as part of the annual Chief of Air Force Essay Competition.

alias:
Air Vice Marshal Henry Neilson Wrigley
Henry Neilson Wrigley

description: Royal Australian Air Force senior commander

wikidata_label: Henry Wrigley

wikipedia_title: Henry Wrigley