text: courtesy name

text: Sun Quan

text: Eastern Han dynasty

text: Zhou Yu

text: three major contending powers

text: Zhuge Liang

text: Longzhong Plan

text: Battle of Red Cliffs

text: Liu Bei

text: Cao Cao

text: Guan Yu

text: Sun–Liu territorial dispute

text: Jing Province

text: Dingyuan County

text: Anhui

text: Wei Zhao

text: end

text: Eastern Han dynasty

text: Yellow Turban Rebellion

text: Dong Zhuo

text: retainers

text: Zhou Yu

text: Juchao County

text: Yuan Shu

text: Jiangdong

text: Wu

text: Sun Ce

text: conquered some territories in Jiangdong

text: "hu"

text: Chen Shou

text: Gongsun Qiao

text: Ji Zha

text: Spring and Autumn period

text: Chinese idiom

text: Suining County, Jiangsu

text: Huai

text: Si

text: Yangtze River

text: Danyang, Jiangsu

text: Liu Ye

text: Chaohu

text: Zhou Yu

text: Wu Commandery

text: Suzhou

text: Jiangsu

text: Sun Ce

text: Sun Quan

text: Ma Yuan

text: Emperor Guangwu

text: Mandate of Heaven

text: Chen Shou

text: Sun Quan

text: Duke Huan of Qi

text: Duke Wen of Jin

text: Zhang Zhao

text: Liu Biao

text: Liu Cong

text: Jing Province

text: Hubei

text: Hunan

text: Hankou

text: Xiangyang

text: Jingzhou

text: Battle of Changban

text: Yangtze

text: Dangyang

text: Jiangdong

text: Zhuge Liang

text: Zhuge Jin

text: Pei Songzhi

text: Eastern Wu

text: Shu Han

text: Chen Shou

text: Sun Quan

text: Cao Cao

text: Yangtze

text: Jiangdong

text: reverse psychology

text: Yuan Shao

text: Ye

text: Zhou Yu

text: Sun Sheng

text: Wei Zhao

text: Zhou Yu

text: Poyang County

text: Sun Quan

text: Cao Cao

text: Liu Bei

text: Battle of Red Cliffs

text: Four Seas

text: Nine Provinces

text: Zhenjiang

text: Jiangsu

text: Sun Quan

text: Jing Province

text: Cao Cao

text: Lü Fan

text: Jiangdong

text: Zhou Yu

text: Sun Quan

text: Cheng Pu

text: Jingzhou

text: Hubei

text: Jiangling County

text: Jiayu County

text: Pingjiang County

text: Hunan

text: Qianshan County

text: Anhui

text: Gan Ning

text: Yi Province

text: Sichuan

text: Chongqing

text: Liu Zhang

text: Guan Yu

text: Jing Province

text: Liu Bei's takeover of Yi Province

text: Changsha

text: Yongzhou

text: Hunan

text: Chenzhou

text: Lü Meng

text: Gong'an County

text: Yiyang

text: Wei Zhao

text: Xiang River

text: East Asian age reckoning

text: Zhuge Liang

text: Zhang Cheng

text: Sun Xiu

text: Wuchang

text: Sun Hao

text: Wei Zhao

text: Zhou Yu

text: Lü Meng

text: Eastern Wu

text: Romance of the Three Kingdoms

text: Three Kingdoms

text: foil

text: Zhuge Liang

text: Zhou Yu

text: comic relief

text: Battle of Red Cliffs

text: Jing Province

text: eighth instalment

text: Koei

text: Dynasty Warriors

text: Hou Yong

text: Red Cliff

text: John Woo

text: Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms

text: Chen, Shou

text: Records of the Three Kingdoms

text: Luo, Guanzhong

text: Romance of the Three Kingdoms

text: Pei, Songzhi

text: Sima, Guang

text: Zizhi Tongjian

categories: Politicians from Chuzhou,Han dynasty generals from Anhui,Generals under Sun Quan,217 deaths,Han dynasty politicians from Anhui,Political office-holders in Hunan,Officials under Sun Quan,172 births

paragraph: Lu Su

paragraph: Lu Su (172–217), courtesy name Zijing, was a Chinese military general and politician serving under the warlord Sun Quan during the late Eastern Han dynasty. In the year 200, when Sun Quan had just taken over the reins of power, his adviser Zhou Yu recommended Lu Su as a talent to Sun Quan. As one of Sun Quan's most important advisers in the warlord's early career, Lu Su is best known for making some significant contributions. Firstly, in 200 he drafted a long-term strategy for Sun Quan's power bloc to emerge as one of three major contending powers in China – a plan similar to Zhuge Liang's Longzhong Plan, which was proposed about seven years later. Secondly, before the Battle of Red Cliffs in late 208, he was the first person to persuade Sun Quan to ally with Liu Bei against Cao Cao. Thirdly, he succeeded Zhou Yu as the frontline commander of Sun Quan's forces in 210 after Zhou's death and maintained the Sun–Liu alliance. Fourthly, in 215, he represented Sun Quan at the negotiations with Liu Bei's general Guan Yu during the Sun–Liu territorial dispute over Jing Province.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Lu Su was from Dongcheng County (東城縣), Linhuai Commandery (臨淮郡), which is located southeast of present-day Dingyuan County, Anhui. He lost his father not long after he was born, so he lived with his grandmother. Lu Su was very generous with his family's wealth as he used it to help the needy. Wei Zhao's "Book of Wu" (吳書) described Lu Su as having a stalwart and extraordinary appearance. He had great ambitions since he was young and was very fond of strategy.

paragraph: Towards the end of the Eastern Han dynasty, when chaos broke out throughout China due to the Yellow Turban Rebellion and Dong Zhuo's tyranny, Lu Su sold his family's lands and properties and used the money to help the poor. He also spent his time associating with other reputable and talented persons. He was well-loved by his fellow townsfolk.

paragraph: The "Book of Wu" gave another account of Lu Su's life during that chaotic period. Apart from practising sword-fighting, horse-riding and archery, he also hired a group of young men as his retainers, and provided them with clothing and food. They often went to the hills to hunt and practise military arts. The elders of the clan remarked: "We got this wild boy because the Lu clan is in decline!"

paragraph: Section::::Moving to Jiangdong.

paragraph: Around 196, when Zhou Yu was nominally serving as the Chief (長) of Juchao County under the warlord Yuan Shu, he wanted to leave Yuan Shu and travel east to the Jiangdong (or Wu) region to join Sun Ce, who had recently conquered some territories in Jiangdong over the past few years. Along the way, Zhou Yu and his militia, numbering a few hundred men, visited Lu Su and requested for supplies. At the time, Lu Su owned two large granaries, each capable of storing 3,000 "hu" of grain. He pointed at one granary and gave it to Zhou Yu. Realising that Lu Su was no ordinary person, Zhou Yu thanked and befriended him. The third-century historian Chen Shou compared their friendship to that of Gongsun Qiao and Ji Zha (季札) during the Spring and Autumn period. The Chinese idiom "pointing at a granary and presenting it" (), which means to generously provide aid to someone, originated from this anecdote.

paragraph: When Yuan Shu heard of Lu Su's fame, he wanted to recruit him to serve as the Chief of Dongcheng County (東城縣; present-day Suining County, Jiangsu). However, Lu Su refused because he saw that Yuan Shu's administration was ill-disciplined and predicted that Yuan Shu would ultimately meet his downfall. He told his followers, "The central government has collapsed. Robbers and bandits are rampant. The areas around the Huai and Si rivers are no longer safe. I heard the lands in Jiangdong are fertile and they have a prosperous population and powerful armed forces. We can take shelter there. Are you willing to accompany me to that paradise and wait until stability is restored in central China?" They unanimously agreed to follow him.

paragraph: Lu Su led his followers and some civilians southward to Juchao County to join Zhou Yu. He ordered able-bodied young men to guard the rear while the others continued moving forward. The local authorities sent some armed horsemen to stop Lu Su and his followers from leaving. When the riders caught up with them, Lu Su turned back and said, "All of you are capable men, so you should understand what's going on. The Empire is now in a state of chaos. While you won't be rewarded for your efforts (even if you manage to stop us), you will also not be punished for failing to stop us. Do you really want to force us to fight?" He then placed a shield upright on the ground and fired an arrow at it. The arrow pierced through the shield. The horsemen realised that they could not stop Lu Su so they gave up and left. Lu Su and his followers then crossed the Yangtze River with Zhou Yu and arrived in Jiangdong, where they met Sun Ce, who also saw great potential in Lu Su.

paragraph: In Jiangdong, Lu Su lived in Qu'e County (曲阿縣; in present-day Danyang, Jiangsu) for some time before making a short trip back to Dongcheng County later to attend his grandmother's funeral.

paragraph: Section::::Nearly leaving Jiangdong.

paragraph: Liu Ye, a friend of Lu Su, once wrote a letter to him: "Warlords and heroes have emerged all over the Empire. I believe the time has come for me to put my talents to good use. I am in a rush to fetch my mother but I will be stopping at Dongcheng County for a while. I heard that recently there is one Zheng Bao (鄭寶) who has rallied thousands of followers in Chaohu and gained control over some very fertile lands. Many people in Lujiang Commandery are planning to join him – including myself. As of now, he is still gathering followers. You should act fast and not miss this opportunity." Lu Su agreed with what Liu Ye told him. After his grandmother's funeral, Lu Su returned to Qu'e County and planned to leave Jiangdong and head north to join Zheng Bao. However, after he found out that Zhou Yu had fetched his mother to Wu Commandery (around present-day Suzhou, Jiangsu), he gave up his plan to leave Jiangdong and headed to Wu Commandery to meet Zhou Yu.

paragraph: In 200, after Sun Ce was assassinated, his younger brother Sun Quan succeeded him as the warlord controlling the Jiangdong territories. When Lu Su arrived in Wu Commandery, Zhou Yu told him, "In the past, Ma Yuan once told Emperor Guangwu, 'In this era, not only do lords choose their subjects; subjects also choose the lords they wish to serve.' The new lord [Sun Quan] welcomes and respects persons of virtue and talent. He has recruited many extraordinary people. Besides, I also heard a saying that in the past, philosophers predicted that the successor to the Liu clan's empire [the Han dynasty] will rise in the southeast. As you can see, these events are already in motion. This is the time for heroes to rise up and showcase their talents and abilities, and contribute to the construction of a new empire to receive the Mandate of Heaven. Having said this, I don't think you need to take Liu Ye's words to heart." Lu Su heeded Zhou Yu's advice and remained in Jiangdong.

paragraph: The historian Chen Shou, who wrote Lu Su's biography, believed that Zhou Yu recommended Lu Su to Sun Quan because he knew that his lord needed to widely recruit more of such talents to accomplish his goal of building up his power bloc. Therefore, he could not afford to let Lu Su leave with Liu Ye.

paragraph: Section::::Drafting a plan for Sun Quan.

paragraph: Sun Quan immediately summoned Lu Su to meet him, and was pleased to see Lu Su. When the other guests were leaving after the meeting, Lu Su also took his leave but Sun Quan called him back. They shared a table and had a private conversation over drinks. Sun Quan asked, "The Han dynasty is in decline and there is turmoil everywhere. I have inherited the work of my father and elder brother, and I intend to make achievements like those of Duke Huan of Qi and Duke Wen of Jin. I am honoured to have your noble patronage. What advice do you have for me?" Lu Su replied: Sun Quan replied, "Now, I am doing my best to support the Han dynasty. What you said can't be achieved."

paragraph: Zhang Zhao, a senior adviser to Sun Quan, felt that Lu Su was not humble enough so he often spoke ill of Lu Su in front of their lord. Pointing out that Lu Su was too young and neglectful, Zhang Zhao advised Sun Quan to refrain from entrusting Lu Su with important responsibilities. However, Sun Quan ignored Zhang Zhao and continued to treat Lu Su respectfully and regard him highly. He gave new clothes and curtains to Lu Su's mother and restored Lu Su's family to their prior status as a wealthy family.

paragraph: When Liu Biao died in 208, his younger son Liu Cong succeeded him as the Governor of Jing Province (covering present-day Hubei and Hunan). Upon receiving news of Liu Biao's death, Lu Su told Sun Quan, Sun Quan then sent Lu Su as his representative to Jing Province.

paragraph: When Lu Su reached Xiakou (夏口; present-day Hankou, Hubei), he heard that Cao Cao and his forces were advancing towards Jing Province so he travelled day and night in the hope of reaching Xiangyang (Jing Province's capital) in the shortest time possible. When he arrived at Nan Commandery (南郡; around present-day Jingzhou, Hubei), he received news that Liu Cong had already surrendered to Cao Cao, and that Jing Province was now under Cao Cao's control. At the same time, Liu Bei had been defeated at the Battle of Changban and was trying to cross the Yangtze and head further south. Lu Su met Liu Bei at Changban (長阪; in present-day Dangyang, Hubei), where he conveyed Sun Quan's intentions to Liu Bei and pointed out that Jiangdong was very stable. Liu Bei was delighted. Lu Su also met and befriended Liu Bei's adviser Zhuge Liang; he told Zhuge Liang that he was a friend of Zhuge Jin, Zhuge Liang's elder brother. Liu Bei moved to Xiakou, where he instructed Zhuge Liang to follow Lu Su to meet Sun Quan and discuss the formation of a Sun–Liu alliance against Cao Cao.

paragraph: Section::::Formation of the Sun–Liu alliance.:Contradiction.

paragraph: Pei Songzhi, who annotated Lu Su's biography, argued that Lu Su was actually the first person to propose forming a Sun–Liu alliance against Cao Cao. When Lu Su told Zhuge Liang that he was Zhuge Jin's friend, Zhuge Liang would probably have already heard of Lu Su but had yet to meet him in person. Pei Songzhi pointed out that Zhuge Liang's biography in the "Shu Shu" (蜀書; "Book of Shu") recorded: "Zhuge Liang persuaded Sun Quan with his argument on forming an alliance. Sun Quan was very pleased." Going by the "Shu Shu" account, the first person who suggested the Sun–Liu alliance should be Zhuge Liang instead of Lu Su. Pei Songzhi commented that the historians in Eastern Wu and Shu Han gave conflicting accounts on who was the first person who conceived the idea of the Sun–Liu alliance because they wanted their respective states to claim that credit. Pei Songzhi also remarked that this was one of the flaws in the "Sanguozhi" because the author Chen Shou wrote both Lu Su and Zhuge Liang's biographies but the two biographies contradict each other on this point.

paragraph: In late 208, when Sun Quan received news that Cao Cao was planning to lead his forces across the Yangtze to invade Jiangdong, he discussed with his subjects on how to deal with Cao Cao. Everyone present at the meeting advised Sun Quan to surrender and welcome Cao Cao; only Lu Su remained silent. When Sun Quan left the meeting for a change of clothes, Lu Su hurriedly left his seat and followed his lord. Sun Quan sensed that Lu Su had something to say so he held Lu Su's hand and asked him, "What do you want to tell me?" Lu Su replied, Sun Quan sighed, "I am very disappointed with those gentlemen. Your thoughts are exactly the same as mine. That's why I say you are Heaven's gift to me."

paragraph: Section::::Urging Sun Quan to resist Cao Cao.:Alternative accounts.

paragraph: The "Wei Shu" (魏書; "Book of Wei") and the "Jiuzhou Chunqiu" (九州春秋) gave different accounts on how Lu Su urged Sun Quan to go to war with Cao Cao. They recorded that Lu Su attempted to use reverse psychology to persuade Sun Quan by saying, "Cao Cao is truly a formidable foe. He has engulfed Yuan Shao's territories and his forces are very powerful. If he uses the might of a victorious army to invade a weak and chaotic state, he'll definitely win. Why don't we dispatch our troops to assist him, while you send your family to Ye (Cao Cao's base in northern China)? If not, we'll be in danger." When a furious Sun Quan wanted to execute Lu Su, the latter said, "We are in dire straits. Since you have other plans, why don't you assist Liu Bei instead of executing me?" Sun Quan agreed with Lu Su's idea, so he ordered Zhou Yu to lead his forces to help Liu Bei.

paragraph: The fourth-century historian Sun Sheng commented that both Wei Zhao's "Book of Wu" and the "Jiang Biao Zhuan" (江表傳) recorded that Lu Su urged Sun Quan to resist Cao Cao and build his own empire. When Liu Biao died, Lu Su advised Sun Quan to observe the developments. There was no mention of Lu Su using reverse psychology to persuade Sun Quan to go to war with Cao Cao. Sun Sheng pointed out that there were many others among Sun Quan's subjects who urged their lord to surrender, so it made no sense for Sun Quan to single out Lu Su. He concluded that the accounts on Lu Su's use of reverse psychology are absurd and unreliable.

paragraph: Section::::Battle of Red Cliffs.

paragraph: At the time, Zhou Yu was in Poyang County so Lu Su advised Sun Quan to quickly summon Zhou Yu back to discuss their plans on how to counter Cao Cao's impending invasion. When Zhou Yu returned, he also urged Sun Quan to resist Cao Cao. This resulted in Sun Quan arriving at his final decision to go to war with Cao Cao. Sun Quan put Zhou Yu in command of his military forces and appointed Lu Su as Colonel Who Praises the Army (贊軍校尉) to assist Zhou Yu in formulating the battle plan.

paragraph: In the winter of 208, the allied forces of Sun Quan and Liu Bei defeated Cao Cao's forces at the decisive Battle of Red Cliffs. When Lu Su returned after the battle, Sun Quan hosted a grand reception for him and said: "Zijing, I dismounted my horse and received you on foot. Is this enough to illuminate your glory?" Lu Su replied: "No." All the others present at the scene were startled by Lu Su's response. After taking his seat, Lu Su raised his horsewhip and said: "I hope that our lord will spread his might and virtues throughout the Four Seas, expand his territories to cover the Nine Provinces, and successfully build an empire. When he has achieved that and he comes to receive me on a carriage, I will be the first to feel honoured." Sun Quan clapped his hands and laughed.

paragraph: Section::::Handing over Jing Province to Liu Bei.

paragraph: In 210, Liu Bei travelled to Jing (京; present-day Zhenjiang, Jiangsu) to meet Sun Quan and request for the governorship of Jing Province. Only Lu Su advised Sun Quan to "lend" Jing Province to Liu Bei so as to strengthen the Sun-Liu alliance against Cao Cao.

paragraph: At the time, Lü Fan urged Sun Quan to hold Liu Bei hostage in Jiangdong and prevent him from returning to Jing Province. However, Lu Su objected: "No. My lord, you may have received the blessings of Heaven, but Cao Cao is still a foe to be reckoned with. As we have recently taken control of Jing Province, we haven't earned the trust and support of its people yet. It's better to 'lend' it to Liu Bei and let him help us pacify the area. The best strategy to adopt now is to create more enemies for Cao Cao and less enemies for ourselves." Sun Quan agreed with Lu Su.

paragraph: Cao Cao was writing when he received news that Sun Quan had "lent" Jing Province to Liu Bei. He dropped his brush upon hearing that.

paragraph: Section::::Succeeding Zhou Yu.

paragraph: In 210, when Zhou Yu became critically ill, he wrote to Sun Quan:

paragraph: The "Jiang Biao Zhuan" (江表傳) provided a longer, but generally similar, account of Zhou Yu's message to Sun Quan before his death. Zhou Yu wrote:

paragraph: After Zhou Yu's death, Lu Su was appointed as Colonel of Vehement Martial Might (奮武校尉) and succeeded Zhou Yu. He took charge of the 4,000 troops and the four counties which used to be under Zhou Yu's control. Cheng Pu succeeded Zhou Yu as the Grand Administrator (太守) of Nan Commandery (南郡; around present-day Jingzhou, Hubei). Lu Su was at Jiangling County initially, so he moved to Lukou (陸口; in present-day Jiayu County, Hubei) and garrisoned there. Lu Su governed with justice and benevolence, and the number of troops under his command increased to over 10,000. He was subsequently promoted to Lieutenant-General (偏將軍) and appointed as the Administrator of Hanchang Commandery (漢昌郡; around present-day Pingjiang County, Hunan).

paragraph: In 214, Lu Su accompanied Sun Quan on a campaign at Wan County (皖縣; present-day Qianshan County, Anhui), a garrison under Cao Cao's control. After Sun Quan's forces emerged victorious, Lu Su was reassigned as General Who Crosses the River (橫江將軍).

paragraph: Section::::Sun–Liu territorial dispute.

paragraph: Section::::Sun–Liu territorial dispute.:Background.

paragraph: Before Zhou Yu died, he, along with Gan Ning and others, had constantly urged Sun Quan to seize Yi Province (covering present-day Sichuan and Chongqing) from its governor, Liu Zhang. However, Zhou Yu died of illness while making preparations for an invasion of Yi Province. When Sun Quan asked Liu Bei for his opinion, Liu Bei, who secretly had the intention of seizing Yi Province for himself, lied to Sun Quan: "Liu Zhang and I are members of the imperial clan, so we should strive to uphold the Han dynasty with the aid of our ancestors' blessings. Now, when I heard that Liu Zhang has offended his neighbours, I feel afraid and don't dare to probe further. I hope you can show leniency towards him. If you don't, I will retire and return to the countryside." Liu Bei revealed his true intentions later when he attacked Liu Zhang himself and eventually seized control of Yi Province. During the campaign against Liu Zhang, Liu Bei left his general Guan Yu behind to guard Jing Province in his absence. When Sun Quan heard about Liu Bei's takeover of Yi Province, he angrily remarked: "This cunning barbarian dares to trick me!"

paragraph: At the same time, tensions were rising at the Sun–Liu border in Jing Province as both sides became more suspicious of each other. Lu Su tried to reduce the tensions by being friendly towards Liu Bei's side. After Liu Bei took over Yi Province, Sun Quan asked him to return three commanderies in southern Jing Province – Changsha (長沙), Lingling (零陵; around present-day Yongzhou, Hunan) and Guiyang (桂陽; around present-day Chenzhou, Hunan) – but Liu Bei refused. Sun Quan then ordered his general Lü Meng to lead his forces to seize the three commanderies by force. When Liu Bei found out, he returned to Gong'an County and sent Guan Yu to lead an army to stop Lü Meng.

paragraph: At Yiyang, Lu Su invited Guan Yu to attend a meeting to discuss the dispute. During the negotiations, both sides stationed their soldiers more than 100 paces away from the meeting area and the officers present at the talks were each armed with only a blade weapon. Lu Su told Guan Yu: Before Lu Su could finish what he was saying, an unnamed person interrupted him and said: "Whoever has the ability to govern the land shall have control over it. Isn't it so?" Lu Su angrily rebuked that person in a firm and stern tone. Guan Yu drew his sword, stood up and said, "This is a state-level problem. We can't hope to understand it." He left after that.

paragraph: Section::::Sun–Liu territorial dispute.:Negotiations.:"Wu Shu" account.

paragraph: Wei Zhao's "Book of Wu" provided more details on the meeting. Prior to the talks, Lu Su's subordinates feared that Guan Yu would try to harm Lu Su, so they advised Lu Su against attending the meeting. However, Lu Su replied: "It's better for us to settle this issue in a peaceful manner. Liu Bei may have acted against our lord's interests, but we haven't agreed on who is right and who is wrong. Do you think Guan Yu will dare to do something as rash as killing me at this point in time?"

paragraph: Lu Su then met Guan Yu, who told him:

paragraph: Lu Su replied: Guan Yu did not respond to what Lu Su said.

paragraph: Liu Bei eventually agreed to divide Jing Province between his and Sun Quan's domains along the Xiang River. Both sides withdrew their forces.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Lu Su died at the age of 46 (by East Asian age reckoning) in 217. Sun Quan mourned his death and attended his funeral. Zhuge Liang also held a memorial service for Lu Su.

paragraph: Section::::Descendants.

paragraph: Lu Su's son, Lu Shu (魯淑), was born physically strong. Zhang Cheng once remarked that Lu Shu would become very outstanding in the future. Between 258 and 264, during the reign of Sun Xiu, Lu Shu served as General of Illustrious Martial Might (昭武將軍) and Area Commander (督) of Wuchang, and was named as a Marquis of a Chief Village (都亭侯). Between 269 and 271, during the reign of Sun Xiu's successor, Sun Hao, Lu Shu was reassigned as the Area Commander of Xiakou (夏口). Lu Shu was known for being very disciplined and competent in his duties. He died in 274.

paragraph: Lu Shu's son, Lu Mu (魯睦), inherited his father's marquis title and military post.

paragraph: Section::::Appraisal.

paragraph: Wei Zhao's "Book of Wu" (吳書) described Lu Su as follows: Lu Su was a strict person who rarely indulged in material pleasures, led a frugal life, and had no interest in common hobbies. He maintained good military discipline and executed orders without fail. Even when he was in the army, he was often seen reading books. He was proficient in arguing and writing. He could think far and possessed an exemplary sense of judgment. He was the best after Zhou Yu.

paragraph: Sun Quan once told Lü Meng:

paragraph: In 229, when Sun Quan was attending a ceremony to declare himself emperor and establish the state of Eastern Wu, he told his subjects: "In the past, Lu Zijing often spoke about what is happening now. Indeed, he had good foresight."

paragraph: Section::::In "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".

paragraph: Lu Su appeared as a character in the 14th-century historical novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", which romanticises the historical events before and during the Three Kingdoms period. In the novel, Lu Su's role is significantly downplayed as compared to his historical counterpart, such that he is mainly used as a foil between Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu to highlight their intelligence, especially for the former. He is also used to add minor comic relief to the rivalry between Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu, particularly in the events leading to the Battle of Red Cliffs. Besides, he is also portrayed as an honest and sententious man who is often easily cheated and taken advantage of, resulting in his maladroit handling of the territorial dispute over Jing Province between Liu Bei and Sun Quan.

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: Lu Su was first introduced as a playable character in the eighth instalment of Koei's "Dynasty Warriors" video game series. Chinese actor Hou Yong portrayed Lu Su in the two-part epic war film "Red Cliff" (2008-2009) directed by John Woo.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Citations from the "Sanguozhi"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Citations from the "Sanguozhi zhu"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Other citations

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chen, Shou (3rd century). "Records of the Three Kingdoms" ("Sanguozhi").

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pei, Songzhi (5th century). "Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms" ("Sanguozhi zhu").

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sima, Guang (1084). "Zizhi Tongjian".

description: Chinese politician, militarist and diplomat

wikidata_label: Lu Su

wikipedia_title: Lu Su


text:
Tangier
Morocco
songwriter
Nice
Tangier
Corsica
Occitan valleys
Drôme
2009 Liet International
Occitania
Polish gathering of bards
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
John Lennon
Imagine
Bob Marley
Redemption Song
Etel Adnan
Olivier Lagrange
2016 Nice attack
Jacques Dutronc
OGC Nice
The Eagles
Bob Marley
Tiken Jah Fakoly
John Lennon
Otis Redding
Jacques Brel

paragraph: Zine (songwriter)

paragraph: Zine ("born Laurence Penzini" in 1979 in Tangier, Morocco) is a songwriter from Nice.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Zine spent her first years in Tangier, where her parents lived. Her father is from Corsica and her mother has roots in the Occitan valleys She arrived in France aged 5, in the Drôme. Her musical background first comes from her parents and from her teacher at the Tangier Montessori school, who was ending the schooldays by grabbing his guitar and singing some songs. She started composing songs at 19, and then spent 2 years on the road to improve her musical bases by visiting Southern France, Poland, Switzerland and the Réunion Island, as it is visible in her first recordings.

paragraph: Zine participated in festivals and international competitions such as the 2009 Liet International (Minority Language song festival in Leewarden where she represents Occitania, or the Polish gathering of bards in 2008.

paragraph: Her LP "Folie douce" was released in 2013 with the help of the Regional Council of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.

paragraph: With the help of René Pierre Anfosso, Zine has localised many international standards (John Lennon's "Imagine" becomes "Pantaia un pauc", Bob Marley's "Redemption Song" becomes "Cançon per curar", etc. Her new show "Salade niçoise" presents a score of those adaptations. Zine had worked with other authors: Tarik amirat, René Toscano, Etel Adnan.

paragraph: As a teacher, Zine is also using her musical skills to teach the regional language and has recorded songs for the children. She wrote a song about Testadure, a comics bird created by Olivier Lagrange used in Nice language learning and education.

paragraph: On the 5th August 2016 Zine attended the local gathering to pay a tribute to the victims of the 2016 Nice attack. She sings « Pantaia un pauc » ("Imagine" covering in Nice Occitan) and « Nissa la bella ».

paragraph: At the end of 2016, she wrote a song in Occitan to express the local artists solidarity with Valley of Roya people help to refugees.

paragraph: In March 2017, she adapts a song of Jacques Dutronc's in Occitan to support the football team of OGC Nice.

paragraph: In 2018, she publishes a book with the occitan text of the covers she uses to sing (including songs of The Eagles, Bob Marley, Tiken Jah Fakoly, John Lennon, Otis Redding, Jacques Brel, and others).

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Et la joie passera en funambule... sur le fil de la folie douce" (2002, 15 tracks, self-produced)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cherche" (2004, with La Quincaille, 4 tracks, Palhassina Productions)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mon Coiffeur" (2005, 5 tracks, Gallomusic)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Folie Douce" (2013, 14 tracks, La Candela-Seyrat, available on streaming platforms)

description: Occitan songwriter

wikidata_label: Zine

wikipedia_title: Zine (songwriter)


text:
courtesy name
Song dynasty
grand councilor
Emperor Zhenzong
Wang Qinruo
Taoist
Later Zhou
Wei County
Nanle County
county magistrate
ancestral home
Shen County
Song dynasty
imperial examination
Pingjiang County
silver mine
Tan Prefecture
Kaifeng
Palace Library
Wenyuan Yinghua
Zheng Prefecture
Hao Prefecture
Wang Yucheng
Historiography Institute
Zhao Guangyi
Zhao Heng
Secretariat
Hanlin Academician
scholar-official
Chancellery
Bureau of Military Affairs
Ministry of Works
Grand councilor
Administration Chamber
Kou Zhun

categories: Song dynasty politicians from Shandong,1017 deaths,957 births

paragraph: Wang Dan (Song dynasty)

paragraph: Wang Dan ( 957 – 6 October 1017), courtesy name Ziming, was a major politician in the Song dynasty, serving as the grand councilor from 1006 until shortly before his death in 1017. Well trusted by Emperor Zhenzong, Wang Dan was given plenipotentiary authority over some matters after 1008.

paragraph: Wang Dan is generally remembered as a faithful and virtuous official, mainly because he kept a low profile, recruited talented men to the bureaucracy while blocking his notoriously unscrupulous colleague Wang Qinruo from advancing for most of his tenure. But Wang Dan also flattered and encouraged Emperor Zhenzong's excessive and ridiculous Taoist pursuits, for which he expressed regret on his deathbed.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Wang Dan was born in 957 or January 958 during the Later Zhou, possibly in Wei County or Nanle County, where his father Wang You (王祐) served as a county magistrate during that period. His ancestral home was Shen County. When he was 3 years old, the Later Zhou was overthrown and replaced by the Song dynasty.

paragraph: Wang Dan enjoyed studying from a young age. In 980 he passed the imperial examination with honors, and was assigned to govern Pingjiang County as a magistrate. The circuit fiscal commissioner (轉運使) Zhao Changyan (趙昌言) was very impressed by his governing, and betrothed his daughter to Wang Dan. In 984, after completing his assignment in Pingjiang, Wang Jiang was assigned to manage the silver mine in the Tan Prefecture. Through the recommendation of Tan's prefect He Chengju (何承矩), Wang Dan was transferred to the capital Kaifeng's Palace Library, where he worked as an assistant editorial director (著作佐郎). He worked on the compilations "Wenyuan Yinghua" and "Shi Lei" (詩類; "Poems"). He was promoted to assistant director of palace administration (殿中丞).

paragraph: In 985, Wang Dan was assigned to Zheng Prefecture to serve as the controller-general (通判). Two years later he was transferred to Hao Prefecture. In 990, Wang Yucheng recommended him to become a circuit fiscal commissioner, but as Wang Dan preferred to work in the capital, he presented a paper and was assigned to work in the Historiography Institute. In 991, he became a drafter (知制誥), a post his father had filled just 10 years ago. He impressed many colleagues, and Li Hang (李沆) who graduated from the same examination class valued him highly. Qian Ruoshui (錢若水) was convinced he could become a grand councilor.

paragraph: Section::::Becoming a grand councilor.

paragraph: Zhao Guangyi (posthumously known as Emperor Taizong) died in May 997 and was succeeded by his son Zhao Heng (posthumously known as Emperor Zhenzong). Under the new monarch, Wang Dan was first made a drafter (舍人) in the Secretariat. A few months later, he became a Hanlin Academician while being put in charge of two offices: the Bureau of Personnel Evaluation (審官院) and the Memorial-Forwarding and Vetoing Office (通進銀台封駁司). It was said the young emperor had rather favorable impressions of him. When Qian Ruoshui offered to retire, he was asked by the emperor to recommend someone in the central government bureaucracy for promotion. Qian Ruoshui answered that he found Wang Dan suitable for important roles because he had the requisite "virtues and reputations". The emperor replied, "This is exactly the person in my mind."

paragraph: In March 1000, Wang Dan and two other Hanlin Academicians were put in charge of the imperial examination to recruit new scholar-officials. Emerging from 10 days of seclusion in the examination rooms, Wang Dan was immediately made a Supervising Secretary (給事中) in the Chancellery as well as an Administrator of the Bureau of Military Affairs. In April 1001, Wang Dan became the Vice-Director (侍郎) of the Ministry of Works and Vice-Grand councilor (參知政事), which enabled him to participate in policy discussions in the Administration Chamber with the emperor.

paragraph: Section::::As grand councilor.

paragraph: During Wang Dan's tenure, the civil service examination system saw some important institutionalized developments, including:

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 1007, the practice of protecting a candidate's anonymity was extended from the imperial examination in the capital to the departmental examinations in the provinces

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 1015, the Bureau of Examination Copyists (謄錄院) was established to copy examination papers to prevent candidates' handwriting from being recognized by examiners

paragraph: BULLET::::- Between 1007 and 1011, the official promotion system through controlled sponsorship was fully developed

paragraph: Although Wang Dan's role in these changes is unclear, historian Edward Kracke argued that Wang Dan must be behind them, being not only an influential grand councilor, but also an experienced examiner.

paragraph: Wang Dan also sponsored and recommended many talented men for promotion. At least 5 men he recommended became grand councilors: Kou Zhun (who had been grand councilor before), Li Di (李迪), Wang Zeng (王曾), Zhang Shixun (張士遜), and Lü Yijian (呂夷簡).

alias: Wenzheng Ziming

description: Song dynasty politician

wikidata_label: Wang Dan

wikipedia_title: Wang Dan (Song dynasty)


text:
Roman Catholic
Roman Catholic Diocese of Aire et Dax

categories: French Roman Catholic bishops,2017 deaths,1926 births

paragraph: Robert Pierre Sarrabère

paragraph: Robert Pierre Sarrabére (August 30, 1926 – January 11, 2017) was a Roman Catholic bishop.

paragraph: Ordained to the priesthood in 1950, Serrabére served as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Aire et Dax, France, from 1978 to 2002. He had served as coadjutor of the diocese from 1975 to 1978.

description: French priest

wikidata_label: Robert Pierre Sarrabère

wikipedia_title: Robert Pierre Sarrabère


text:
ice hockey
defenseman
EC KAC
Austrian Hockey League
Montreal Canadiens
2006 NHL Entry Draft
Minneapolis
Minnesota
Apple Valley High School
Minnesota State High School League
University of Minnesota
WCHA
Vancouver Canucks
Florida Everblades
ECHL
2010-11
2011-12
Kelly Cup
2012
Heilbronner Falken
2nd Bundesliga
Germany
Krefeld Pinguine
EC KAC
Austrian Hockey League
Minnesota Mr. Hockey

categories: National Hockey League first round draft picks,Minnesota Golden Gophers men's ice hockey players,1988 births,Florida Everblades players,Montreal Canadiens draft picks,Sportspeople from Minneapolis,Houston Aeros (1994–2013) players,EC KAC players,American men's ice hockey players,Krefeld Pinguine players,Ice hockey people from Minnesota,Living people,American ice hockey defensemen

paragraph: David Fischer (ice hockey)

paragraph: David Fischer (born February 19, 1988) is an American ice hockey defenseman who is currently playing with EC KAC of the Austrian Hockey League (EBEL). He was drafted by the Montreal Canadiens in the first round, 20th overall, in the 2006 NHL Entry Draft.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:Amateur.

paragraph: Fischer was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota and played for Apple Valley High School in the Minnesota State High School League. In 2006 - 2007, he played his first season as a freshman for the University of Minnesota in the WCHA. In 42 games, he recorded five assists.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:Professional.

paragraph: Fischer attended training camp with the Vancouver Canucks in 2010, but was released. He signed with the Florida Everblades of the ECHL just over a week later. He played with Florida in both the 2010-11 and 2011-12 seasons, going to the playoffs both years, and winning the Kelly Cup in 2012.

paragraph: On July 17, 2012, it was announced that Fischer had signed a contract to play with the Heilbronner Falken of the 2nd Bundesliga in Germany.

paragraph: After a successful season with Heilbronner, Fischer moved up to the top German league the following 2013–14 season, signing a one-year contract for Krefeld Pinguine in the DEL on July 24, 2013. He eventually remained in Krefeld until the end of the 2015-16 campaign.

paragraph: Fischer penned a deal with EC KAC of the Austrian Hockey League (EBEL) in April 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Minnesota Mr. Hockey (best senior high school player in Minnesota): 2005–06 season.

description: American ice hockey player

wikidata_label: David Fischer

wikipedia_title: David Fischer (ice hockey)


text:
A'as ibn Wa'il
Banu Sahm
Amr ibn al-A'as
Battle of Yarmouk
13 AH
Family tree of Hisham ibn al-A'as
Sahaba
Hisham (name)

categories: 7th-century Arabs,Male Sahabah,635 deaths

paragraph: Hisham ibn al-A'as

paragraph: Hisham ibn al-A'as () is the son of A'as ibn Wa'il of Banu Sahm and brother of Amr ibn al-A'as and one of the early companions. It is known that he embraced Islam before Hijrah as can be traced from the saying of Umar, yet his exact year of becoming Muslim is unknown. Hisham attempted to migrate to Medina along with Umar but his plans were foiled by his family. Later he succeeded in migrate to Medina along with Ayash.

paragraph: He freed 50 slaves in accordance with his father's will.

paragraph: He was killed in the Battle of Yarmouk in the year 13 AH (635 CE).

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Family tree of Hisham ibn al-A'as

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sahaba

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hisham (name)

description: Son of A'as ibn Wa'il

wikidata_label: Hisham ibn al-A'as

wikipedia_title: Hisham ibn al-A'as


text:
Archbishop of Bordeaux
Gascony
Bordeaux
King of England
last phase
Hundred Years' War
French
Avensan
Medoc
notary
Church
University of Toulouse
canon law
Francesco Uguccione
cardinal
England
Council of Pisa
Western Schism
Italy
Cathedral of Saint-André
Bouliac
Garonne
Quinsac
Lormont
Florence
Holy Land
Pope John XXIII
prebend
Henry VI
Court of Sovereignty
appellate court
David de Montferrand
Pope Martin V
Papal curia
studium generale
University of Bordeaux
Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges
Gadifer Shorthose
Council of Basel
Robert Roos
Thomas Bekynton
Bishop of Bath and Wells
Amanieu of Orval
Poton de Xaintrailles
Jean Bureau
fealty
Charles VII of France
Dunois
seneschal
Guyenne
excommunication
Louis XI
canonisation
hair shirt
Earl of Huntingdon
Labarge, Margaret Wade

categories: 15th-century Roman Catholic bishops,1458 deaths,People of the Hundred Years' War,1380 births,Archbishops of Bordeaux,Gascons,15th-century Christian saints

paragraph: Pey Berland

paragraph: Blessed Pey Berland (or "Peyberland", from "Pierre Berland"; c. 1380 – January 1458) was the Archbishop of Bordeaux from 1430 until his abdication, during a pivotal time in the history of the city and of Gascony. During his tenure, the city of Bordeaux remained staunchly faithful to the King of England in the last phase of the Hundred Years' War, but the French took the city in 1451.

paragraph: Section::::Education and early career.

paragraph: Berland was born in the hamlet of Saint-Raphael in the parish of Avensan in central Medoc. Though a peasant, he was educated early on by a retired local notary before moving to Bordeaux to continue his studies and enter the Church. He eventually enrolled in the University of Toulouse and received a bachelor's certificate in canon law. He was ordained at that point, though still young by the standards of the time, when most boys who entered the church put off priesthood until it was required by their office. He then caught the attention of Francesco Uguccione, the old Archbishop of Bordeaux (1384–1412), who drafted him to serve as his personal secretary.

paragraph: As a secretary of an influential diplomat and cardinal, Berland travelled extensively in the early 15th century. In Autumn 1408 he accompanied Uguccione to England, where the cardinal sought to persuade the English to send a delegation to the Council of Pisa - then struggling to put an end to the Western Schism. From England, Berland and Uguccione went to Italy, and in 1410 the archbishop rewarded Berland with one of the canonries of the Cathedral of Saint-André, which included Bouliac opposite Bordeaux on the Garonne and the associate parishes of Quinsac and Lormont. In 1412 the two were in Florence when Uguccione died. Berland supervised his burial and then went on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, before returning once more to Bordeaux.

paragraph: In 1413 Berland was rewarded post mortem by his old master when Pope John XXIII, fulfilling a request by Uguccione that "his beloved servant" Berland not be forgotten, granted the canon a prebend. He subsequently rose rapidly in the ecclesiastical ranks of Gascony and, in 1423, he was appointed by the regents of the young Henry VI to the Court of Sovereignty, a sort of appellate court, of Gascony, which sat in Bordeaux. In 1430 the archbishop David de Montferrand died and the cathedral chapter readily elected Berland to replace him, which election was unhesitatingly confirmed by Pope Martin V.

paragraph: Section::::Archiepiscopate.

paragraph: Section::::Archiepiscopate.:Patronage of building and learning.

paragraph: As archbishop, Berland pursued several building projects. He had a new hospital constructed, dedicated to Saint Peter (Saint-Pierre) near Saint-Seurin. The bell tower built at Saint-André in 1440 is still called the Tour Pey Berland today, after its founder; it had been ordered by the chapter in 1429 but it took Berland to get construction underway. Berland was also a patron of the education in his city. In 1441, after years of urging in the Papal curia, Bordeaux was granted its own "studium generale", a precursor to the University of Bordeaux. In 1442 he founded a college in his birth town of Saint-Raphael. This college was a prototype of the later diocesan seminary and in Berland's day it trained twelve young men for the priesthood. Berland bequeathed all his books to the college and he also created a fund to help purchase books for poor students at other institutions.

paragraph: Section::::Archiepiscopate.:Hundred Years' War.

paragraph: Politically, Berland was resistant to French efforts to control Bordeaux and he strongly supported English sovereignty. While the French kings claimed ecclesiastical jurisdiction over Bordeaux by the Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges, Berland rejected it. During the period from 1434 to 1451 his leadership was essential, as the mayor of the time, Gadifer Shorthose, was weak-willed and short-sighted. During that time Berland did not deem it wise to leave his diocese; rather he sent a delegation to the Council of Basel.

paragraph: On 16 July 1442 Robert Roos and Thomas Bekynton, Bishop of Bath and Wells, arrived in Bordeaux as ambassadors of the English king. The next day they took letters from Henry VI promising aid, once they had had them translated, to Berland, who read them from the pulpit the next day. The citizens were stirred to action to help defend their city while they awaited help from England. Berland travelled to England on 26 July with letters from the ambassadors. He sent his physician back to Bordeaux in October, but he himself remained in England for the twofold purpose of assuring the king of the loyalty of his Gascon subjects and of keeping the plight of the Bordelais on his mind.

paragraph: On 1 November 1450, a day remembered as "La Male Journade" ("the bad day") in Bordelais history, the citizens of Bordeaux, along with English men-at-arms and Gascon knights, sallied forth to defend the city from the encroaching armies of Amanieu of Orval, Poton de Xaintrailles, and Jean Bureau. The Gascon defenders were routed and many citizens lost heir lives. Berland is said to have retreated into his chamber for two days to pray after seeing the mass of bodies being returned to the city. Bordeaux was forced to come to terms before a long siege began. On 12 June 1451, the Estates of Bordeaux, represented by Pey Berland, signed a treaty with the French, represented by Xaintrailles. On 30 June, at a ceremony held in the cathedral, Pey Berland and the leading men of Bordeaux swore oaths of fealty to Charles VII of France and so the French, led by Dunois, in return recognised the privileges of Bordeaux.

paragraph: Section::::Archiepiscopate.:Relationship with the French.

paragraph: It is likely that the French pressured Berland to renounce his bishopric in order that they could fill it with a more amenable Frenchman. On 7 December 1451, he made a public protest at the acts of the commission of the French seneschal of Guyenne. He ordered the commissary, Georges de Bassac, not to hold any further audiences under pain of excommunication or, probably worse, a fine. On 7 July 1452, Berland took an oath at the altar of his church that he would never abandon or renounce his archbishopric and wished to die an archbishop. Nevertheless, he refrained from any anti-French activities for the duration of his episcopate and honoured his oath of 1451.

paragraph: In September 1456 Pey Berland finally did retire from his archdiocese. He moved to live in his hometown of Saint-Raphael, at the college he had founded there. He died there in January 1458.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Berland's fame in Bordeaux did not die quickly. In the reign of Louis XI, the French monarchy made a conscious attempt to draw the Bordelais into a French allegiance, by championing the canonisation of Berland. At the inquest held by the Church to determine his suitability for sainthood, the witnesses remembered his personal holiness, pastoral concern for his flock, and his love of learning and scholarship. He was reported always to have worn a hair shirt and to have forgone sleeping in his bedroom — out of chastity — after it had been occupied by the visiting Earl of Huntingdon and his wife. He was generous and on more than one occasion saved the inhabitants of the city by his charity during a time of famine. He was merciful enough to forgive a man who stole his precious plates because he did not want to expose him to contempt. The love of his fellow citizens for him is undeniable, in light of the witness preserved in the rolls of the inquest for his canonisation, held within a lifetime of his death. Efforts at his canonisation fell through after Louis's death and he was called instead "Bienheureux Berland".

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Labarge, Margaret Wade. "Gascony, England's First Colony 1204–1453". London: Hamish Hamilton, 1980.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vale, M. G. A. "The Last Years of English Gascony, 1451–1453: The Alexander Prize Essay." "Transactions of the Royal Historical Society", 5th Ser., Vol. 19. (1969), pp. 119–138.

description: Roman Catholic archbishop

wikidata_label: Pey Berland

wikipedia_title: Pey Berland


text: Georgia Revolution FC

text: National Premier Soccer League

text: Tallahassee, Florida

text: Atlanta, Georgia

text: Vassar College

text: Leeds

text: work permit

text: Thailand

text: Bangkok Christian College FC

text: Kamphaengphet FC

text: Slovakia

text: 2. Liga

text: FK Pohronie

text: Outsports

text: Sky Sports

text: Vassar College

text: The Georgia Voice

text: Atlanta Magazine

text: Kick It Out

text: Atlanta United FC

text: Huffington Post

text: Outsports

text: The Georgia Voice

text: Huffington Post UK

categories: Association footballers not categorized by position,American soccer players,Vassar College alumni,LGBT sportspeople from the United States,1991 births,Bradford City A.F.C. players,LGBT people from Florida,Georgia Revolution FC players,Living people,Gay sportsmen

paragraph: Adam McCabe

paragraph: Adam McCabe (born 14 October 1991) is an American professional footballer who currently plays for Georgia Revolution FC of the National Premier Soccer League. McCabe was nominated as the 2016 Defensive Player of the Year for the club.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Youth career.

paragraph: McCabe grew up playing soccer in his hometown of Tallahassee, Florida with Tallahassee United Futbol Club and for Concorde Fire Soccer Club based out of Atlanta, Georgia. McCabe attended Maclay College Preparatory School and helped the school reach back to back Class 2A FHSAA Final Four appearances. He attended Vassar College and had a successful Freshman Season with the Men's Soccer Team during the 2010–2011 season.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:RIASA and Bradford City A.F.C..

paragraph: McCabe left the United States to go to Europe in pursuit of a professional contract. He first traveled to Leeds, England to join the Richmond International Academic and Soccer Academy. While at the academy, McCabe primarily played for Eccheshill United Football Club. McCabe was an important figure in leading the club to secure its first ever e West Riding County Cup against Harrogate Town F.C. That same season, McCabe was nominated as the Eccheshill United Player of the Year as well as RIASA's Player's Player of the Year. McCabe's performance impressed Academy Director, Mark Ellis, and McCabe was invited on a week trial with Sporting de Charleroi in Belgium. McCabe's continued success caught the eye of Bradford City A.F.C. coaches, and he was invited to play with the club's Reserve Team. McCabe played in and out of the Bradford City A.F.C. Reserve Team until the club pulled out of the Central League. Following the 2012 season, McCabe was invited to play with the Bradford City A.F.C. newly formed U-21 squad. In 2015, Bradford City A.F.C. entered the Final Third Development League, in which McCabe played for the Bradford City A.F.C. U-21 squad. Throughout his time with RIASA and Bradford City A.F.C., McCabe was able to play against high-level clubs and academies such as AFC Ajax, Hull City FC, Blackburn Rovers F.C., and Real Sociedad. Despite developing during his time in England, McCabe's hopes of playing professionally were stopped due to the American not being eligible for a work permit.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Thailand.

paragraph: After leaving the United Kingdom, McCabe traveled to Thailand in order to pursue opportunities with interested clubs. McCabe spent five months playing in Thailand, most notably playing with Bangkok Christian College FC and Kamphaengphet FC.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Slovakia.

paragraph: McCabe eventually left Thailand to find more substantial playing opportunities in Slovakia. McCabe landed with 2. Liga club, FK Pohronie, playing with the team for five months. McCabe left the club after preseason, citing that difficulties being "diagnosed with a chronic illness, depression, and an injury" forced him to take a break from soccer and return home to Atlanta, Georgia.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Georgia Revolution.

paragraph: McCabe is currently in his second season with Georgia Revolution FC of the National Premier Soccer League. In 2016, McCabe was nominated as the 2016 Defensive Player of the Year for the club.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: McCabe is the son of Timothy and Shelley McCabe. He has one younger brother, Austin.

paragraph: In January 2016, McCabe announced that he is gay. Meanwhiler.me and Outsports covered his coming out story, as a closeted soccer player at the professional level. Following these inaugural stories, McCabe received attention from both the United Kingdom and United States of America sporting press. McCabe interviewed with Sky Sports and RTE2, discussing his experiences as a closeted professional athlete and his hopes for progress in the sporting industry.

paragraph: McCabe has been interviewed and featured commentary in two books. "Off to College: A Guide for Parents", by Roger Martin, showcases McCabe's experiences and successes at Vassar College. 'We're Queer and We Should Be Here", by Darryl Telles, covers McCabe's experiences playing football in the United Kingdom and his encounters with homophobia.

paragraph: In 2017, McCabe was interviewed and featured in stories by The Georgia Voice and Atlanta Magazine. Both publications covered his experiences as a closeted soccer player and his advocacy in the LGBTQ and sporting communities.

paragraph: In April 2017, McCabe became the first patron of the Bradford City A.F.C. LGBTQ Fan group. McCabe simultaneously became an ambassador for Kick It Out.

paragraph: Following Atlanta United FC's inaugural match, McCabe wrote an article about the homophobic language displayed during the match. His article gained domestic and international attention, eventually being published on DirtySoccerSouth, Huffington Post, Outsports, Gay4Soccer, The Georgia Voice, and Football365.

paragraph: In May 2017, McCabe began working with Kat Craig, founder of Athlead, a consultancy agency helping professional athletes use their platform to connect with advocacy work. McCabe co-authored an article in Huffington Post UK about soccer and LGBTQ rights.

description: US association football player

wikidata_label: Adam McCabe

wikipedia_title: Adam McCabe


text: gothic rock

text: HIM

text: Daniel Lioneye

text: Suburban Tribe

text: Helsinki

text: Finland

text: ballet dancer

text: civilian service

text: Alexander Theater

text: Helsinki Opera House

text: HIM

text: Type O Negative

text: Deep Shadows and Brilliant Highlights

text: Love Metal

text: United Kingdom

text: United States

text: Dark Light

text: Venus Doom

text: Tears on Tape

text: farewell tour

text: New Year's Eve

text: Helldone Festival

text: Suburban Tribe

text: Amorphis

text: Istanbul

text: Daniel Lioneye

text: Linde Lindström

text: Cradle of Filth

text: world music

text: Deep Shadows and Brilliant Highlights

text: Love Metal

text: Dark Light

text: Venus Doom

text: Tears on Tape

text: Suburban Tribe

text: Official website

categories: Heavy metal keyboardists,Finnish heavy metal keyboardists,HIM (Finnish band) members,Living people,1974 births

paragraph: Burton (musician)

paragraph: Janne Johannes Puurtinen (born 17 October 1974), better known as Burton or Emerson Burton, is a Finnish musician. He is best known as the keyboardist of the Finnish gothic rock band HIM, with whom he has released six studio albums, and have gone on to become one of the most commercially successful Finnish bands of all time. Outside of HIM, Burton has performed and recorded with various bands, including Daniel Lioneye, Suburban Tribe and Torpedo.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Janne "Burton" Puurtinen was born on 17 October 1974, in Helsinki, Finland. Born to an artistic family, both Burton's parents were ballet dancers, as was his sister. Burton himself took up ballet for a few years, but quit due to a lack of interest, after which he began taking classical piano lessons at the age of five, which he continued well into his twenties. During his civilian service, Puurtinen worked as a lighting engineer at the Alexander Theater in Helsinki. He later worked as a stage manager at the Helsinki Opera House, a concert janitor at the Sibelius Academy, as well as a cook.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:HIM.

paragraph: In 2001, Puurtinen joined the band HIM, with whom he had already played one show in the mid-nineties performing Type O Negative covers. After the addition of Puurtinen, HIM released the albums "Deep Shadows and Brilliant Highlights" and "Love Metal" in 2001 and 2003, respectively. Both cracked the top ten in several countries, and became the band's first albums to chart in the United Kingdom and the United States. After relocating to the US, HIM released "Dark Light" in 2005, which became the group's most successful album to date, going gold in Germany, the UK, the US, and platinum in Finland.

paragraph: In 2007, HIM released "Venus Doom", which went gold in Finland and Germany, and gave the band their highest US-chart position at number 12. After 2010's "", the band went on hiatus after drummer Gas Lipstick was diagnosed with a repetitive stress injury and nerve damage in his hands. After eight months of uncertainty, the band regrouped and eventually released the album "Tears on Tape" in 2013. In 2015, Gas Lipstick announced his departure from HIM after 16 years, to pursue other musical projects. He was subsequently replaced by Jukka "Kosmo" Kröger. On 5 March 2017, HIM announced the end of the band following a farewell tour in 2017. The band played their final show on New Year's Eve 2017 as a part of the their annual Helldone Festival.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Other work.

paragraph: While in school, Burton played in a variety of different bands, but the first "real" group he played with was Cosmos Tango, who won the Finnish Rock Championship in 1997. Cosmos Tango released one album in 1999, by which point Burton had already joined Suburban Tribe, with whom he recorded the album "Elektro 57", which was released in 1998. Around the same time, Puurtinen also played one show with Amorphis in Istanbul. In 1999, Puurtinen joined Torpedo, who released a self-titled EP in 2000, as well as the album "Polttonestettä" in 2001.

paragraph: In 2010, Puurtinen joined Daniel Lioneye, the side-project of HIM's Linde Lindström. The band released the album "Vol. II" the same year, and in 2011 toured the US, supporting Cradle of Filth. In June 2016, it was announced that Daniel Lioneye would release its third album "Vol. III" on 19 August 2016. The band also announced five tour dates across Finland for September 2016. Daniel Lioneye was also scheduled to perform several European shows later in the fall, but the dates were cancelled after drummer Seppo Tarvainen broke his arm.

paragraph: Following HIM's retirement, Burton joined the Finnish world music duo Solju, who released their debut album "Ođđa Áigodat" on 27 April 2018.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Burton has two children with his wife. The nicknames "Burton" and "Emerson Burton" were coined by two friends, with "Emerson" being taken from Puurtinen's refrigerator.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:HIM.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Deep Shadows and Brilliant Highlights" (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Love Metal" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dark Light" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Venus Doom" (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tears on Tape" (2013)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Daniel Lioneye.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vol. II" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vol. III" (2016)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Other appearances.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Suburban Tribe - "Elektro 57" (1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cosmos Tango - "Helmi" (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Torpedo - "Torpedo" (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Torpedo - "Polttonestettä" (2001)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website of HIM

alias:
Janne Johannes Puurtinen
Emerson Burton
Burton

description: Finnish rock musician

wikidata_label: Janne Puurtinen

wikipedia_title: Burton (musician)


text:
seal
Hangzhou
Wen Peng
Han dynasty
Ruan Yuan
Weng Fanggang
Huang Yi
Xi Gang
Luo Ping

paragraph: Ding Jing

paragraph: Ding Jing () (1695–1765), aka Ding Jingshen was a Chinese seal carver.

paragraph: Ding was born in Qiantang (now Hangzhou). His earlier works show the influence of Wen Peng and He Zhen, but he soon developed his own style and together with several of his students founded the Zhejiang School (or simplye Zhe School) of seal carving. This style of carving focused on revitalising the art by adopting older, simpler Han dynasty characters. His founding of this school made him the most notable seal carver in Qiantang, and the school itself was patronised by courtiers such as Ruan Yuan and Weng Fanggang. Together with the seven students who helped him create the school (these being Jiang Ren (蒋仁), Huang Yi (黄易), Xi Gang (奚冈), Chen Yuzhong (陈豫钟), Chen Hongshou (陈鸿寿), Zhao Zhishen (赵之琛), and Qian Song (钱松)), Ding was known as one of the Eight Masters of Xiling.

paragraph: As well as the scholars noted above, Ding Jing was also a close associate of the painter Luo Ping, and carved a number of seals for him.

alias:
Shenweng
Jingsou
Jinglaoren
Yanlinmansou
Daijiangtang
Jingshen
Longhongshanguan
Meinong
Wanchasou
Wubujingqi
Yanlinshengdailaoren
Dingjushi
Wusuozhuan
Shengdailaoren
Longhong
Yanlin
Ding Jing
Guyunshisou
Yanlinwaishi
Gushishanfang
Longhongjushi
Longhongshanren
Dunding
Yujiweng
Taihualaowu
Dunlao

description: Qing dynasty person CBDB = 68915

wikidata_label: Ding Jing

wikipedia_title: Ding Jing


text:
ancient Egypt
pharaoh
Third Intermediate Period
22nd Dynasty
de facto
Tanis
Bubastis
Lower Egypt
Assyria
biblical
second Books of Kings
Nile Delta
Libyan
Meshwesh
Near East
Kushite
Piye
Neo-Assyrian Empire
Shoshenq V
23rd Dynasty
Pedubast II
electrum
aegis
Sekhmet
Louvre
Tadibast III
Bubastis
Nile Delta
crusade
Kushite pharaoh
Piye
Nubia
25th Dynasty
Middle Egypt
Nimlot
Hermopolis
Iuput II
Leontopolis
Tefnakht
Ra
Heliopolis
circumcised
Hoshea
King of Israel
Shalmaneser V
Neo-Assyrian Empire
brought to Assyria as exiles
Sargon II
turtanu
Egyptian
Raphia
Gaza
burnt alive
Brook of Egypt
el-Arish
Bakenrenef
24th Dynasty
Shebitku
Ashdod
Gemenefkhonsbak
pharaonic royal titles
William F. Albright
Musri
Arabia
orientalist
Sais
Manetho
epitome
throne name
faience
seal
Rijksmuseum van Oudheden
Leiden
Osorkon the Elder
21st Dynasty
Mut
Osorkon III
Osorkon II
Memphis
Petrie Museum
Rudamun
Theban
Amyrtaios
28th Dynasty
Pharaohs in the Bible

categories: 8th-century BC biblical rulers,8th century BC in Egypt,Pharaohs of the Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt,8th-century BC Pharaohs,Pharaohs of the Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt

paragraph: Osorkon IV

paragraph: Usermaatre Osorkon IV was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh during the late Third Intermediate Period. Traditionally considered the very last king of the 22nd Dynasty, he was "de facto" little more than ruler in Tanis and Bubastis, in Lower Egypt. He is generally – though not universally – identified with the King Shilkanni mentioned by Assyrian sources, and with the biblical So, King of Egypt mentioned in the second Books of Kings.

paragraph: Osorkon ruled during one of the most chaotic and politically fragmented periods of ancient Egypt, in which the Nile Delta was dotted with small Libyan kingdoms and principalities and "Meshwesh" dominions; as the last heir of the Tanite rulers, he inherited the easternmost parts of these kingdoms, the most involved in all the political and military upheavals that soon would afflict the Near East. During his reign, he had to face the power, and ultimately submit himself—to the Kushite King Piye during Piye's conquest of Egypt. Osorkon IV also had to deal with the threatening Neo-Assyrian Empire outside his eastern borders.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.:Early years.

paragraph: Osorkon IV ascended to the throne of Tanis in c. 730 BC, at the end of the long reign of his predecessor Shoshenq V of the 22nd Dynasty, who was possibly also his father. However, this somewhat traditional collocation was first challenged in 1970 by Karl-Heinz Priese who preferred to place Osorkon IV in a lower–Egyptian branch of the 23rd Dynasty, right after the reign of the shadowy pharaoh Pedubast II; this placement found the support of a certain number of scholars. Osorkon's mother, named on an electrum aegis of Sekhmet now in the Louvre, was Tadibast III. Osorkon IV's realm was restricted only to the district of Tanis ("Rˁ-nfr") and the territory of Bubastis, both in the eastern Nile Delta. His neighbors were Libyan princes and "Meshwesh" chiefs who ruled their small realms outside of his authority.

paragraph: Around 729/28 BC, soon after his accession, Osorkon IV faced the crusade led by the Kushite pharaoh Piye of the Nubian 25th Dynasty. Along with other rulers of Lower and Middle Egypt – mainly Nimlot of Hermopolis and Iuput II of Leontopolis – Osorkon IV joined the coalition led by the Chief of the West Tefnakht in order to oppose the Nubian. However, Piye's advance was unstoppable and the opposing rulers surrendered one after another: Osorkon IV found it wise to reach the Temple of Ra at Heliopolis and pay homage to his new overlord Piye personally— an action which was soon imitated by the other rulers. As reported on his "Victory Stela", Piye accepted their submission, but Osorkon and most of the rulers were not allowed to enter the royal enclosure because they were not circumcised and had eaten fish, both abominations in the eyes of the Nubian. Nevertheless, Osorkon IV and the others were allowed to keep their former domains and authority.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.:The Assyrian threat.

paragraph: In 726/25 BC Hoshea, the last King of Israel, rebelled against the Assyrian King Shalmaneser V who demanded an annual tribute, and, according to the second Book of Kings, sought the support of "So, King of Egypt" () who, as already mentioned, was most likely Osorkon IV (see below). For reasons which remained unknown – possibly in order to remain neutral towards the powerful Neo-Assyrian Empire, or simply because he did not have enough power or resources – King So did not help Hoshea, who was subsequently defeated and deposed by Shalmaneser V. The Kingdom of Israel ceased to exist, many Israelites were brought to Assyria as exiles, and Assyrian and Babylonian settlers occupied Israel.

paragraph: In 720 BC, a revolt occurred in Palestine against the new Assyrian King Sargon II, led by King Hanno (also "Hanun" and "Hanuna") of Gaza who sought the help of "Pirʾu of Musri", a term most probably meaning "Pharaoh of Egypt" and referring to Osorkon IV. Assyrian sources claim that this time the Egyptian king did send a "turtanu" (an army–commander) called "Reʾe" or "Reʾu" (his Egyptian name was Raia, though in the past it was read "Sibʾe") as well as troops in order to support his neighboring ally. However, the coalition was defeated in battle at Raphia. Reʾe fled back to Egypt, Raphia and Gaza were looted and Hanno was burnt alive by the Assyrians.

paragraph: In 716 BC, Sargon II almost reached Egypt's boundaries. Feeling directly threatened this time, Osorkon IV (here called "Shilkanni" by Assyrian sources, see below) was carefully diplomatic: he personally met the Assyrian king at the "Brook of Egypt" (most likely el-Arish) and tributed him with a present which Sargon personally described as "twelve large horses of Egypt without equals in Assyria". The Assyrian king appreciated his gifts and did not take action against Osorkon IV.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.:End.

paragraph: No mention of Osorkon IV is known after 716 BC. Some archaeological findings suggest that shortly after this date, Bocchoris (Bakenrenef) of the 24th Dynasty may have expanded his realm eastward, supplanting Osorkon at Tanis. In 712 BC, Piye's successor Shebitku marched northward and defeated Bocchoris. When around the same year King Iamani of Ashdod sought refuge from Sargon II in Egypt, Shebitku was in fact the sole ruler of Egypt, and returned Iamani to the Assyrians in chains. In any case, Osorkon IV was seemingly dead before that year.br

paragraph: A few years later a man called Gemenefkhonsbak, possibly a descendant of the now-defunct 22nd Dynasty, claimed for himself the pharaonic royal titles and ruled in Tanis as its prince.

paragraph: Section::::Identification with Shilkanni and So.

paragraph: It is believed that "Shilkanni" is a rendering of "(U)shilkan", which in turn is derived from "(O)sorkon" – hence Osorkon IV – as first proposed by William F. Albright in 1956. This identification is accepted by several scholars while others remain uncertain or even skeptical. Shilkanni is reported by Assyrians as "King of "Musri"": this location, once believed to be a country in northern Arabia by the orientalist Hans Alexander Winckler, is certainly to be identified with Egypt instead. In the same way, the "Pir'u of Musri" to whom Hanno of Gaza asked for help in 720 BC could only have been Osorkon IV. The identity of the biblical King "So" is somewhat less definite. Generally, an abbreviation of "(O)so(rkon)" is again considered the most likely by several scholars, but the concurrent hypothesis which equates So with the city of Sais, hence with King Tefnakht, is supported by a certain number of scholars.

paragraph: Section::::Attestations.

paragraph: Osorkon IV is attested by Assyrian documents (as Shilkanni and other epithets) and probably also by the Books of Kings (as King So), while Manetho's epitomes seem to have ignored him. He is undoubtedly attested by the well-known "Victory Stela" of Piye on which he is depicted while prostrating in front of the owner of the stela along with other submitted rulers. Another finding almost certainly referring to him is the aforementioned aegis of Sekhmet, found at Bubastis and mentioning a King Osorkon son of queen Tadibast who–as the name does not coincide with those of any of the other Osorkon kings' mothers–can only be Osorkon IV's mother.

paragraph: Section::::Attestations.:About the throne name.

paragraph: Osorkon's throne name was thought to be "Aakheperre Setepenamun" from a few monuments naming a namesake pharaoh Osorkon, such as a faience seal and a relief–block, both in the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden in Leiden, but this attribution was questioned by Frederic Payraudeau in 2000. According to him, these findings could rather be assigned to an earlier Aakheperre Osorkon – i.e., the distant predecessor Osorkon the Elder of the 21st Dynasty – thus implying that Osorkon IV's real throne name was unknown. Furthermore, in 2010/11 a French expedition discovered in the Temple of Mut at Tanis two blocks bearing a relief of a King "Usermaa(t)re Osorkonu", depicted in a quite archaizing style, which at first were attributed to Osorkon III. In 2014, on the basis of the style of both the relief and the royal name, Aidan Dodson rejected the identification of this king with both the already-known kings Usermaatre Osorkon (Osorkon II and III) and stated that he was rather Osorkon IV with his true throne name. A long-known, archaizing "glassy faience" statuette fragment from Memphis now exhibited at the Petrie Museum (UC13128) which is inscribed for one King "Usermaatre", had been tentatively attributed to several pharaohs from Piye to Rudamun of the Theban 23rd Dynasty and even to Amyrtaios of the 28th Dynasty, but may in fact represent Osorkon IV.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pharaohs in the Bible for other historical or conjectural pharaohs cited in the Bible

description: Egyptian pharaoh

wikidata_label: Osorkon IV

wikipedia_title: Osorkon IV


text:
Amersfoort
Bentvueghels
Jacob van Campen
Honselaarsdijk
Frederik Hendrik
godshuis
contemporary painters
Utrecht
Caravaggisti
history painting
National Gallery of Canada
Ottawa

categories: Dutch Golden Age painters,1600s births,Dutch male painters,1669 deaths,People from Amersfoort,History painters,Members of the Bentvueghels

paragraph: Paulus Bor

paragraph: Paulus Bor (c. 1601 – 10 August 1669) was a Dutch painter.

paragraph: Bor, who was born and died in Amersfoort, was descended from a notable Catholic family. He made a study trip to Rome, where he was one of the founders of the "Bentvueghels", taking the nickname Orlando. He returned in 1626 to Amersfoort and joined Jacob van Campen in the decoration of the palace Honselaarsdijk belonging to Frederik Hendrik. In 1656, he became regent of the godshuis "De Armen de Poth" in Amersfoort.

paragraph: Bor's style of painting was rather at odds with that of contemporary painters from Utrecht. He initially painted rather Caravaggisti-like history paintings, but his works fast became marked by a classicism related to that of his townsman van Campen. Through unusual compositions and primitive technique, his paintings depict strange and mysterious subjects.

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Annunciation of the Virgin's Death" (Dutch: "De Annunciatie door Gabriël aan de Maagd van haar ophanden zijnde dood"), c. 1635–1640 (National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa)

alias:
Orlando
Orlando Bor
Bor
Boer
P. Boer

description: Dutch painter

wikidata_label: Paulus Bor

wikipedia_title: Paulus Bor


text:
Montreal
Quebec
baseball
Baltimore Orioles
Chicago White Sox
New York Yankees
Major League Baseball
Rookie of the Year Award
Rookie of the Year
The Sporting News
National Hockey League
Jimmy Ward
Jefferson High School
Portland, Oregon
Lewis & Clark College
Atlanta Braves
farm system
Portland Beavers
Oregon Sports Hall of Fame
Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame
Chicagoland Sports Hall of Fame

categories: Atlanta Braves coaches,Major League Baseball players from Canada,Minor league baseball managers,Fort Lauderdale Yankees managers,Jefferson High School (Portland, Oregon) alumni,Lewis & Clark College alumni,Canadian expatriate baseball players in the United States,Chicago White Sox players,New York Yankees players,Portland Beavers managers,Anglophone Quebec people,Major League Baseball third basemen,Sportspeople from Portland, Oregon,Syracuse Chiefs managers,Sportspeople from Montreal,Living people,1937 births,Baseball people from Quebec,Baltimore Orioles players

paragraph: Pete Ward

paragraph: Peter Thomas Ward (born July 26, 1937 in Montreal, Quebec) is a retired professional baseball player who played nine seasons for the Baltimore Orioles, Chicago White Sox, and New York Yankees of Major League Baseball. Ward was the runnerup for the American League Rookie of the Year Award in 1963, and was named American League Rookie of the Year by "The Sporting News". The son of former National Hockey League forward Jimmy Ward, Pete attended Jefferson High School in Portland, Oregon and played college baseball at Portland's Lewis & Clark College.

paragraph: Ward was a coach of the Atlanta Braves, managed and coached in the Yankees' farm system, and managed the Portland Beavers. He is a member of the Oregon Sports Hall of Fame, the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame, and the Chicagoland Sports Hall of Fame.

description: baseball player

wikidata_label: Pete Ward

wikipedia_title: Pete Ward


text:
basketball
Tennessee State University
St. Louis Hawks
1958 NBA draft
Cincinnati Royals
NBA
Harlem Globetrotters

categories: American men's basketball players,1937 births,2013 deaths,Power forwards (basketball),St. Louis Hawks draft picks,Tennessee State Tigers basketball players,Wilkes-Barre Barons players,Cincinnati Royals players,Harlem Globetrotters players

paragraph: Joe Buckhalter

paragraph: Joseph "Joe" Buckhalter (August 1, 1937 – December 30, 2013) was an American retired basketball player.

paragraph: He played collegiately for Tennessee State University.

paragraph: He was selected by the St. Louis Hawks in the 12th round (81st pick overall) of the 1958 NBA draft.

paragraph: He played for the Cincinnati Royals (1961–63) in the NBA.

paragraph: He also played with the Harlem Globetrotters.

alias:
Joseph "Joe" Buckhalter
Joe
Joseph Buckhalter

description: American basketball player

wikidata_label: Joe Buckhalter

wikipedia_title: Joe Buckhalter


text:
klezmer
clarinet
bluegrass
newgrass
mandolin
New York City
Queens
David Grisman
Earth Opera
Washington Square Park
Franconia College
Franconia, New Hampshire
David Bromberg
Russ Barenberg
klezmer
Jewish
Dave Tarras
Dave Tarras
Chassidic
KlezKamp
Greenwich Village
Antilles Records
Swingrass '83
Itzhak Perlman
Grammy Award
Best Country Instrumental Performance
Bill Monroe
Bela Fleck and the Flecktones
Best Pop Instrumental Album
51st Annual Grammy Awards
University at Buffalo
Kimmel Center
Byron Berline
Jon Sholle
Ricky Skaggs
Béla Fleck
Paul Shaffer
Bruce Molsky
Art Baron
Lew Soloff
John Goodman
Michael Cleveland
Tim O'Brien
National Endowment for the Arts
National Heritage Fellowship
baal teshuvah
Mandolin Abstractions
David Grisman
David Grisman
New Shabbos Waltz
David Grisman

categories: National Heritage Fellowship winners,American bluegrass mandolinists,Baalei teshuva,Tzadik Records artists,American Orthodox Jews,Living people,American folk musicians,1950 births,Country musicians from New York (state),American bluegrass musicians,American mandolinists,Jewish American musicians,Klezmer musicians,Musicians from New York City,American clarinetists

paragraph: Andy Statman

paragraph: Andy Statman (born 1950) is a noted American klezmer clarinetist and bluegrass/newgrass mandolinist.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Andy Statman was born in New York City and grew up in the borough of Queens. Beginning at age 12, he learned to play banjo and guitar, following the example of his older brother Jimmy, and then switched to mandolin, which he studied briefly under lifelong-friend David Grisman.

paragraph: He learned to play R&B and jazz saxophone, for a time under the tutelage of Richard Grando, who played saxophone in Earth Opera. As a teenager Statman was already performing in public in Washington Square Park and with local string bands. In 1969 he attended Franconia College in Franconia, New Hampshire, but eventually dropped-out to pursue a musical career.

paragraph: He first gained acclaim as a mandolinist as a sideman with David Bromberg and Russ Barenberg, as well as in the pioneering bluegrass bands Country Cookin' and Breakfast Special.

paragraph: During the course of exploring a wide range of roots and ethnic music, Statman turned to klezmer music, traditional Eastern European Jewish instrumental music. This led Statman, who grew up in a traditional but secular Jewish home, to reconnect with his Jewish roots.

paragraph: Statman studied klezmer clarinet during the 1970s with legendary klezmer clarinetist Dave Tarras, who bequeathed several of his clarinets to him. Statman also produced Dave Tarras's last recording. As a clarinetist, he recorded several albums that were highly influential in the Klezmer revival of those years. Still forging ahead musically, he began playing Chassidic melodies, fusing bluegrass, klezmer, and jazz along the way. Given his apprenticeship with Tarras and his subsequent master classes at workshops such as KlezKamp as well as privately, Statman became a renowned exponent of traditional Jewish and avant-garde clarinet styles.

paragraph: The Andy Statman Trio, which includes bassist Jim Whitney and percussionist Larry Eagle, plays regularly at Derech Amuno Synagogue in Greenwich Village in New York City, and tours nationally as schedules allow.

paragraph: In 1983, he performed on the Antilles Records release "Swingrass '83".

paragraph: He has participated in a yearly klezmer concert series with Itzhak Perlman and other klezmer superstars.

paragraph: In 2007, he was a Grammy Awards nominee in the Best Country Instrumental Performance category for his version of Bill Monroe's "Rawhide" on Shefa CD "East Flatbush Blues".

paragraph: In 2008, Statman appeared as a guest on the Bela Fleck and the Flecktones holiday album "Jingle All the Way", playing both clarinet and mandolin. The album won Best Pop Instrumental Album at the 51st Annual Grammy Awards. He joined the group in concert on December 10 at the University at Buffalo, Center for the Arts, and December 16 at Philadelphia's Kimmel Center.

paragraph: "Old Brooklyn", a multi-artist recording project, was released in October 2011 on Shefa Records. This double CD features the American roots, R&B, Chassidic and other sides of his music, performed with his trio, Jim Whitney on bass and Larry Eagle on drums and percussion, along with fiddler Byron Berline and guitarist Jon Sholle. Guest artists include Ricky Skaggs, Béla Fleck, Paul Shaffer, Bruce Molsky, Art Baron, Marty Rifkin, Bob Jones, Lew Soloff, Kristen Muller and John Goodman. His next album was "Superstring Theory", released in November 2013, which hosts fiddler Michael Cleveland and guitarist Tim O'Brien.

paragraph: On June 19, 2012, the National Endowment for the Arts announced that Andy Statman would be awarded a National Heritage Fellowship, the nation's highest honor in the folk and traditional arts. He performed with other recipients of this fellowship in Washington, DC, on October 4, 2012.

paragraph: Andy Statman plays a Will Kimble F-5 mandolin, after having played an early 1920s Gibson A2Z for more than 35 years. He plays several Albert-system clarinets.

paragraph: Section::::Personal information.

paragraph: Andy Statman is married to the former Barbara Soloway, an artist and teacher. They have 4 children and 14 grandchildren. Andy is a baal teshuvah.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1979 "Jewish Klezmer Music"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1980 "Flatbush Waltz"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1983 "Mandolin Abstractions - with David Grisman"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1985 "New Acoustic Music"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1986 "Nashville Mornings, New York Nights"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988 "Rounder Bluegrass, Vol. 2"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992 "Andy Statman Klezmer Orchestra"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1994 "Klezmer Suite"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1994 "Andy's Ramble"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995 "Acoustic Disc: 100% Handmade Music, Vol. 2"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995 "Doyres (Generations): Traditional Klezmer Recordings, 1979-1994"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995 "Songs of Our Fathers - with David Grisman"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995 "Holding On: Dreamers, Visionaries, Eccentrics & Other American Heroes"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996 "American Fogies, Vol. 1"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996 "Blue Ribbon Fiddle"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996 "Klezmer Music: A Marriage of Heaven & Earth"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996 "Rounder Bluegrass Guitar"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997 "Between Heaven & Earth: Music of the Jewish Mystics"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998 "The Hidden Light"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998 "Holiday Tradition"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998 "The Soul of Klezmer"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000 "Klezmer: From Old World To Our World"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001 "Bluegrass Mountain Style"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001 "New York City: Global Beat of the Boroughs - Music From New York City's Ethnic... "

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004 "Wisdom, Understanding, Knowledge"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005 "On Air"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 "New Shabbos Waltz - with David Grisman"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005 "Avodas Halevi"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 "East Flatbush Blues"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 "Awakening from Above"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011 "Old Brooklyn"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013 "Superstring Theory"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014 "Hallel V'zimrah"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014 "Songs of the Breslever Chassidim"

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Statman, Andrew, "Teach Yourself Bluegrass Mandolin", Amsco Music Publishing Company, New York, 1978

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Andy Statman

wikipedia_title: Andy Statman


text:
Salamanca
Madrid
Spanish
Salamanca
Lorenzo Monteman y Cusens
Royal Academy of San Fernando
Madrid
Museo Casa de la Moneda (Madrid)

categories: Spanish engravers,1716 births,People from Salamanca,1782 deaths,Spanish Baroque painters,18th-century engravers

paragraph: Tomás Francisco Prieto

paragraph: Tomas Francisco Prieto (1716 in Salamanca – December 19, 1782 in Madrid) was a Spanish engraver and medallist. He was born at Salamanca and became a pupil of Lorenzo Monteman y Cusens. Prieto later became director of the Royal Academy of San Fernando. His daughter Maria de Loretto (1753–1772) also became an engraver. She was born in Madrid. She was received an honorary member of the Academy of San Fernando.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Museo Casa de la Moneda (Madrid)

description: Spanish artist

wikidata_label: Tomás Francisco Prieto

wikipedia_title: Tomás Francisco Prieto


text:
footballer
central defender
Levante UD
Deportivo de La Coruña
Oleiros
A Coruña
Galicia
Deportivo de La Coruña
the reserves
Tercera División
UE Llagostera
the season
Copa del Rey
La Liga
substitute
Álex Bergantiños
Atlético Madrid
Levante UD
Segunda División
Girona FC
achieving top tier promotion

categories: Spanish footballers,Deportivo de La Coruña players,Association football defenders,Segunda División players,1995 births,Galician footballers,La Liga players,Tercera División players,Deportivo de La Coruña B players,Living people

paragraph: Roberto Suárez Pier

paragraph: Roberto Suárez Pier (born 16 February 1995), commonly known as Róber, is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a central defender for Levante UD, on loan from Deportivo de La Coruña.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Born in Oleiros, A Coruña, Galicia, Róber was a youth product of Deportivo de La Coruña. He made his debut as a senior with the reserves in 2012, representing the side in Tercera División.

paragraph: Róber made his official debut for the first team on 2 December 2015, starting in a 2–1 away win against UE Llagostera, for the season's Copa del Rey. He made his La Liga debut on 12 March 2016, coming on as a second-half substitute for Álex Bergantiños in a 0–3 away loss against Atlético Madrid.

paragraph: On 6 July 2016, Róber was loaned to Levante UD in Segunda División, for one year. He scored his first professional goal the following 13 May, netting his team's second in a 2–1 home win against Girona FC.

paragraph: On 2 August 2017, after achieving top tier promotion, Róber renewed with "Dépor" until 2020 and immediately returned to Levante on a one-year loan deal. The following 7 July, his loan was extended for a further campaign.

description: Spanish association football player

wikidata_label: Róber

wikipedia_title: Roberto Suárez Pier


text:
Arnhem
Jan Willem Pieneman
Barend Wijnveld
Haarlem
Kenau Hasselaer
Rijksuniversiteit
Academie Minerva
Groningen
Leeuwarden
Otto Eerelman
Albert Hahn
Hendrik Willem Mesdag
Franciscus Hermanus Bach
Adolf of Nassau
Battle of Heiligerlee
Joseph Geefs
William III
Utrecht
Photographs from Egenberger's studios

categories: 1897 deaths,19th-century Dutch painters,Dutch portrait painters,Dutch male painters,1822 births,Dutch genre painters,People from Arnhem,History painters

paragraph: Johannes Hinderikus Egenberger

paragraph: Johannes Hinderikus Egenberger, originally Joannes Henricus (28 April 1822 – 14 May 1897), was a Dutch painter, photographer and art educator.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born into a military family in Arnhem, he received his first drawing lessons from his uncle, . From 1840 to 1848, he studied at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts in Amsterdam with Jan Willem Pieneman. After graduating, he married the actress Christina Margaretha Bartels (1822-1897). From 1852, he was an assistant teacher at the Academie.

paragraph: During these years, he focused on painting scenes from Dutch history. In 1854, he collaborated with Barend Wijnveld to produce a massive canvas depicting the heroic defense of Haarlem led by Kenau Hasselaer in 1573. Later, he would turn to landscapes, domestic scenes and portraits, including a series for the Rijksuniversiteit.

paragraph: In 1857, he was appointed Headmaster of the Academie Minerva in Groningen. In addition to his work there, he became a photographer and, in 1864, opened the first photography studio in Groningen. The following year, he resigned his position as Headmaster to devote himself entirely to photography. Shortly after, he opened a branch studio in Leeuwarden and hired his niece Louise's husband to be the manager.

paragraph: He soon discovered, however, that he could not support his family on his photographic work alone and was allowed to return to his former position at the Academie, where he remained until 1895. Among his best-known students there were Otto Eerelman, Albert Hahn, Hendrik Willem Mesdag and Franciscus Hermanus Bach.

paragraph: In 1868, a competition was held to design a new memorial for Adolf of Nassau, honoring his death at the Battle of Heiligerlee. Egenberger's design was chosen and executed by the Belgian sculptor, Joseph Geefs. The memorial was dedicated in 1873, with King William III present.

paragraph: He died in Utrecht in May 1897.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Francis van Dijk, "Leraren van de Academie Minerva. Een keuze uit twee eeuwen kunstonderwijs in Groningen" Benjamin & Partners, 1998

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Photographs from Egenberger's studios @ the Beeldbank Groningen.

description: Dutch painter, sculptor and photographer

wikidata_label: Johannes Hinderikus Egenberger

wikipedia_title: Johannes Hinderikus Egenberger