text: American

text: civil rights

text: activist

text: racial segregation

text: disfranchisement

text: Clark Atlanta University

text: historically black college

text: James Weldon Johnson

text: passed

text: white

text: New Deal

text: public segregation

text: President Truman

text: Second World War

text: the Executive Order to implement this

text: Legal Defense Fund

text: Supreme Court

text: Brown v. Board of Education

text: middle class of blacks

text: the Talented Tenth

text: Atlanta University

text: Clark Atlanta University

text: historically black college

text: W. E. B. Du Bois

text: First Congregational Church

text: Civil War

text: freedmen

text: American Missionary Association

text: mixed race

text: oral history

text: slave

text: concubine

text: William Henry Harrison

text: La Grange, Georgia

text: Negro

text: Dickens

text: Thackeray

text: Trollope

text: pass for white

text: historically black college

text: W. E. B. Du Bois

text: Atlanta Conference of Negro Problems

text: Atlanta School Board

text: Confederate states

text: James Weldon Johnson

text: lynching

text: Little Rock, Arkansas

text: Marcus Garvey

text: Roy Wilkins

text: black nationalism

text: Jane White

text: Germany

text: Poppy Cannon

text: lynching

text: American South

text: peonage

text: new form of unpaid labor

text: Ku Klux Klan

text: Edward Young Clark

text: U.S. Department of Justice

text: New York Police Department

text: Elaine Race Riot

text: vigilantes

text: militia

text: Chicago Daily News

text: Charles Hillman Brough

text: Little Rock

text: nigger

text: High yellow

text: Chicago Defender

text: The Nation

text: The Crisis

text: United States Postal Service

text: injunction

text: U.S. Supreme Court

text: NAACP

text: Scottsboro Trial

text: American Communist Party

text: Scottsboro, Alabama

text: Communist Party

text: International Labor Defense

text: lynchings

text: Chicago Race Riot of 1919

text: Ida Wells-Barnett

text: Irish

text: Great Migration

text: Lowndes

text: Brooks

text: Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill

text: disfranchised

text: Castigan-Wagner bill

text: James F Byrnes

text: Gallup

text: McCarthy era

text: Paul Robeson

text: Roy Wilkins

text: The Crisis

text: Carl Van Vechten

text: Alfred A. Knopf

text: Harlem Renaissance

text: Zora Neale Hurston

text: William E. Harmon Foundation

text: lynching

text: Spingarn Medal

text: Molefi Kete Asante

text: 100 Greatest African Americans

text: List of civil rights leaders

categories: Spingarn Medal winners,1955 deaths,20th-century African-American activists,Writers from New York City,1893 births,Clark Atlanta University alumni,Harmon prize winners,William Henry Harrison,Writers from Georgia (U.S. state),20th-century American writers,People from Atlanta,African-American journalists,African-American writers,Guggenheim Fellows,Journalists from New York City,American anti-lynching activists,National Association for the Advancement of Colored People activists,Activists from New York (state),Harlem Renaissance,Harrison family of Virginia

paragraph: Walter Francis White

paragraph: Walter Francis White (July 1, 1893 – March 21, 1955) was an American civil rights activist who led the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) for almost a quarter of a century, 1929–1955, after joining the organization as an investigator in 1918. He directed a broad program of legal challenges to racial segregation and disfranchisement. He was also a journalist, novelist, and essayist. He graduated in 1916 from Atlanta University (now Clark Atlanta University), a historically black college.

paragraph: In 1918, White joined the small national staff of the NAACP in New York at the invitation of James Weldon Johnson. He acted as Johnson's assistant national secretary and traveled to the South to investigate lynchings and riots. Of multiracial, majority-white ancestry, at times he passed as white to facilitate his investigations and protect himself in tense situations. White succeeded Johnson as the head of the NAACP, leading the organization from 1929 to 1955. He joined the Advisory Council for the Government of the Virgin Islands in 1934 and resigned in 1935 to protest President Roosevelt's silence at Southern Democrats' blocking of anti-lynching legislation to avoid retaliatory obstruction of his New Deal policies.

paragraph: White oversaw the plans and organizational structure of the fight against public segregation. He worked with President Truman on desegregating the armed forces after the Second World War and gave him a draft for the Executive Order to implement this. Under White's leadership, the NAACP set up its Legal Defense Fund, which conducted numerous legal challenges to segregation and disfranchisement, and achieved many successes. Among these was the Supreme Court ruling in "Brown v. Board of Education" (1954), which determined that segregated education was inherently unequal. White also quintupled NAACP membership to nearly 500,000.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: White was the fourth of seven children born in Atlanta to George W. White (b. 1857) and Madeline Harrison White (b. 1863). Among the new middle class of blacks, also called the Talented Tenth, George and Madeline, both born into slavery, ensured that Walter and each of their children got an education. By the time Walter was born, George had attended Atlanta University (now Clark Atlanta University, still known as one of the South's historically black colleges) and become a postal worker, an admired position in the federal government. Madeline graduated from the same institution and became a teacher. (She had been briefly married in 1879 to Marshall King, who died the same year.) White received a good education growing up. "He attended the Atlanta public schools, finished the Atlanta University high school in 1912, and the college there in the class of 1916. This period of study enabled White to spend eight years in the old Atlanta's unusual atmosphere at its zenith. There he was exposed to instruction which had been enriched by a decade of W. E. B. Du Bois' research. Undoubtedly White's life work reflected on the "Old Atlanta University's pioneer and still unequaled contributions in Southern colored institutions of higher learning." The White family belonged to the influential First Congregational Church, founded after the Civil War by freedmen and the American Missionary Association, based in the North. Of all the black denominations in Georgia, the Congregationalists were among the most socially, politically and financially powerful. Membership in First Congregational was the ultimate status symbol in Atlanta.

paragraph: Of mixed race with African and European ancestry on both sides, White had features showing the latter. He emphasized in his autobiography, "A Man Called White" (p. 3): "I am a Negro. My skin is white, my eyes are blue, my hair is blond. The traits of my race are nowhere visible upon me." Of his 32 great-great-great-grandparents, only five were black, and the other 27 were white. All members of his immediate family had fair skin, and his mother, Madeline, was also blue-eyed and blonde. The oral history of his mother's family is that her maternal grandparents were Dilsia, a slave and concubine, and her master, William Henry Harrison. Harrison had six children with Dilsia and, much later, was elected president of the United States. Madeline's mother, Marie Harrison, was one of Dilsia's daughters by Harrison. Held as a slave in La Grange, Georgia, where she had been sold, Marie became a concubine to Augustus Ware. The wealthy white man bought her a house, had four children with her, and passed on some wealth to them. White and his family identified as Negro and lived among Atlanta's Negro community.

paragraph: George and Madeline took a kind but firm approach in rearing their children, encouraging hard work and regular schedules. In his autobiography, White relates that his parents ran a strict schedule on Sundays; they locked him in his room for silent prayer, a time so boring that he almost begged to do homework. His father forbade Walter from reading any books less than 25 years old so he chose to read Dickens, Thackeray, and Trollope by the time he was 12. When he was 8, he threw a rock at a white child who called him a derogatory name for drinking from the fountain reserved for blacks. Events such as this shaped White's self-identity. He began to develop skills to pass for white, which he used later to preserve his safety as a civil rights investigator for the NAACP in the South.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: White was educated at Atlanta University, a historically black college. W. E. B. Du Bois had already moved to the North before White enrolled, but Du Bois knew White's parents well. Du Bois had taught two of White's older siblings at Atlanta University. Du Bois and Walter White later disagreed about how best to gain civil rights for blacks, but they shared a vision for the country. (See Atlanta Conference of Negro Problems.)

paragraph: After graduating in 1916, White took a position with the Standard Life Insurance Company, one of the new and most successful businesses started by blacks in Atlanta.

paragraph: He also worked to organize a chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), which had been founded in 1909. He and other leaders were successful in getting the Atlanta School Board to support improving education for black children, who were taught in segregated schools, which were traditionally underfunded by the white-dominated legislature. (Blacks had been effectively disfranchised at the turn of the century by Georgia's passage of a new constitution making voter registration more difficult, as did all the other former Confederate states.)

paragraph: At the invitation of activist and writer James Weldon Johnson, 25-year-old White moved to New York City. In 1918, he started working at the national headquarters of the NAACP. White began as secretary assistant of the NAACP; Du Bois and other leaders got over their concerns about his youth. White became an undercover agent in investigating lynchings in the South, which were at a peak. With his keen investigative skills and light complexion, White proved to be the NAACP's secret weapon against white mob violence.

paragraph: White passed as white as a NAACP investigator, finding both more safety in hostile environments and gaining freer communication with whites in cases of violations of civil and human rights. He sometimes became involved in Klan groups in the South to expose those involved in lynchings and other murders. In the Little Rock, Arkansas, area he escaped on a train, having been harbored by several prominent black families because of threats that a black man "passing for white" was being hunted down to be lynched. The NAACP publicized information about these crimes, but virtually none was ever prosecuted by local or state southern governments.

paragraph: To become a popular leader, White had to compete with the appeal of Marcus Garvey; he learned to display a skillful verbal dexterity. Roy Wilkins, his successor at the NAACP, said, "White was one of the best talkers I've ever heard."

paragraph: Throughout his career, Walter White spoke out against segregation and discrimination but also black nationalism. Most notably, White and Du Bois's 1934 conflict was over the latter's endorsement of blacks' voluntary separation within US society.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and family.

paragraph: White married Gladys Powell in 1922. They had two children, Jane White, who became an actress on Broadway and television; and Walter Carl Darrow White, who lived in Germany for much of his adult life. The Whites' 27-year marriage ended in divorce in 1949.

paragraph: Because White was a public figure of a noted African-American rights organization, he generated great public controversy shortly after his divorce by marrying Poppy Cannon, a divorced white South African woman, who was a magazine editor with connections in the emerging television industry. Many of his black colleagues and acquaintances were offended. Some claimed the leader had always "wanted" to be white; others said he had always "been" white.

paragraph: Gladys and their children broke off with White and his second wife. White's sister said that he had wanted all along simply to pass as a white person. His son changed his name from Walter White Jr. to Carl Darrow, signifying his disgust and desire to separate himself from his father.

paragraph: Section::::NAACP.

paragraph: Section::::NAACP.:Investigating riots and lynchings.

paragraph: White used his appearance to increase his effectiveness in conducting investigations of lynchings and race riots in the American South. He could "pass" and talk to whites as one of them, but he could talk to blacks as one of them and identified with them. Such work was dangerous: "Through 1927 White would investigate 41 lynchings, 8 race riots, and two cases of widespread peonage, risking his life repeatedly in the backwaters of Florida, the piney woods of Georgia, and in the cotton fields of Arkansas." (Peonage was a new form of unpaid labor.)

paragraph: In his autobiography, "A Man Called White," he dedicates an entire chapter to a time when he almost joined the Ku Klux Klan undercover. White became a master of incognito investigating. He started with a letter from a friend who recruited new members of the KKK. After correspondence between him and Edward Young Clark, leader of the KKK, Clark tried to interest White in joining. Invited to Atlanta to meet with other Klan leaders, White declined, fearing that he would be at risk of his life if his true identity were discovered. White used the access to Klan leaders to further his investigation into the "sinister and illegal conspiracy against human and civil rights which the Klan was concocting." After deeper inquiries into White's life, Clark stopped sending signed letters. White was threatened by anonymous letters that stated his life would be in danger if he ever divulged any of the confidential information he had received. By then, White had already turned the information over to the U.S. Department of Justice and New York Police Department. He believed that undermining the hold of mob violence would be crucial to his cause.

paragraph: White first investigated the October 1919 Elaine Race Riot, where white vigilantes and Federal troops in Phillips County, Arkansas killed more than 200 black sharecroppers. The case had both labor and racial aspects. Black sharecroppers were meeting on issues related to organizing with an agrarian union, which whites were attempting to suppress. They had established guards because of the threat, and a white man was killed. The white militias had come to the town and hunted down blacks in retaliation for that death and to suppress the labor movement.

paragraph: Granted press credentials from the "Chicago Daily News," White gained an interview with Arkansas Governor Charles Hillman Brough, who would not have met with him as the NAACP representative. Brough gave White a letter of recommendation to help him meet people and his autographed photograph.

paragraph: Learning that his identity was discovered, White was in Phillips County briefly before taking the first train back to Little Rock. The conductor told him that he was leaving "just when the fun is going to start" because they had found out that there was a "damned yellow nigger down here passing for white and the boys are going to get him." Asked what they would do to him, the conductor told White, "When they get through with him he won't pass for white no more!" "High yellow" was a term used at the time to refer to blacks of mixed-racial descent and visible European features.

paragraph: White published his findings about the riot and trial in the "Daily News", the "Chicago Defender," and "The Nation", as well as the NAACP's own magazine, "The Crisis". Governor Brough asked the United States Postal Service to prohibit mailings of the "Chicago Defender" and "The Crisis" to Arkansas, and others tried to get an injunction against distribution of the "Defender" at the local level.

paragraph: The NAACP provided legal defense of the black men convicted by the state for the riot and carried the case to the U.S. Supreme Court. Its ruling overturned the Elaine convictions and established important precedent about the conduct of trials. The Supreme Court found that the original trial was held under conditions that adversely affected the defendants' rights. Some of the courtroom audience were armed, as was a mob outside, so there was intimidation of the court and jury. The 79 black defendants had been quickly tried and convicted by an all-white jury: 12 were found guilty of murder and sentenced to death; 67 were condemned to sentences from 20 years to life. No white man was prosecuted for any of the many black deaths.

paragraph: Section::::NAACP.:Scottsboro Trial.

paragraph: White's first major struggle as leader of the NAACP centered on the Scottsboro Trial in 1931. It was also a case that tested the competition between the NAACP and the American Communist Party to represent the black community. The NAACP and Walter White wanted to increase their following in the black community. Weeks after White started in his new position at the NAACP, nine black teenagers looking for work were arrested after a fight with a group of white teens as the train both groups were riding on passed through Scottsboro, Alabama. Two white girls accused the nine black teenagers of rape.

paragraph: Locked in a cell awaiting trial, the "Scottsboro boys looked to be prime lynching material: dirt poor, illiterate, and of highly questionable moral character even for teenagers." The Communist Party and the NAACP both hoped to prove themselves as the party to represent the black community. Scottsboro was an important battle ground for the two groups. The Communists had to destroy black citizens' faith in the NAACP in order to take control of leadership, and they believed that a Scottsboro victory was a way to solidify this superior role over the NAACP. Their case against the NAACP was easier, as White and other leaders were second in approaching the case after the International Labor Defense. Ultimately, the differing approaches to the case demonstrated the conflicting ideals between the two organizations. To White, "Communism meant that blacks have two strikes against them: blacks were aliens in white society where skin color was more important than initiative or intelligence, and blacks would also be Reds which meant a double dose of hatred from white Americans." White believed the NAACP had to keep distance and independence from the Communist Party for this reason. Ultimately, the Communist leaders failed to consolidate their position with blacks.

paragraph: White said: "The shortsightedness of the Communist leaders in the United States (led to their eventual failure); Had they been more intelligent, honest, and truthful there is no way of estimating how deeply they might have penetrated into Negro life and consciousness." White meant the Communist's philosophy of branding anyone opposed to their platform was their failure. He believed the NAACP had the best defense counsel in the country, but the Scottsboro boys' families chose to go with the ILD partly because they were first on the scene.

paragraph: White believed in capitalist America and used communist propaganda as leverage to promote his own cause in securing civil liberties. He advised white America to reconsider its position of unfair treatment because they might find the black population choosing radical alternative methods of protest. Ultimately, White and other NAACP leaders decided to continue involvement with the Scottsboro boys since it was only one of many efforts they had.

paragraph: In his autobiography, White gave a critical summary of the injustice in Scottsboro:

paragraph: In the intervening years it had become increasingly clear that the tragedy of a Scottsboro lies, not in the bitterly cruel injustice which it works upon its immediate victims, but also, and perhaps even more, in the cynical use of human misery by Communists in propagandizing Communism, and in the complacency with which a democratic government views the basic evils from which such a case arises. A majority of Americans still ignore, the plain implications in similar tragedies.

paragraph: Section::::NAACP.:Anti-lynching legislation.

paragraph: White was a strong proponent and supporter of federal anti-lynching bills, which were unable to surmount the opposition by the Southern Democrats in the Senate. One of White's many surveys showed that 46 of 50 lynchings during the first six months of 1919 were black victims, 10 of whom were burned at the stake. After the Chicago Race Riot of 1919, White, like Ida Wells-Barnett, concluded the causes of such violence were not rape of a white woman by a black man, as was often rumored, but rather the result of "prejudice and economic competition."

paragraph: That was also the conclusion of a Chicago city commission, which investigated the 1919 rioting; it noted specifically that ethnic Irish in South Chicago had led the anti-black attacks. The Irish were considered highly political and strongly territorial against other groups, including more recent white immigrants from eastern Europe.

paragraph: In the late 1910s, newspapers reported a decreasing number of southern lynchings but postwar violence in Northern and Midwestern cities increased under the competition for work and housing by returning veterans, immigrants and black migrants. In the Great Migration, hundreds of thousands of blacks were leaving the South for jobs in the North. The Pennsylvania Railroad recruited tens of thousands of workers from Florida alone.

paragraph: Rural violence also continued. White investigated violence in 1918 in Lowndes and Brooks counties, Georgia. The worst case was when "a pregnant black woman [was] tied to a tree and burned alive after which (the mob) split her open, and her child, still alive, was thrown to the ground and stomped by some of the members."

paragraph: White lobbied for federal anti-lynching bills during his time as leader of the NAACP. In 1922, the Dyer Anti-Lynching Bill was passed overwhelmingly by the House, the " first piece of legislation passed by the House of Representatives since Reconstruction that specifically protected blacks from lynchings." Congress never passed the Dyer bill, as the Senate was controlled by Southerners who opposed it.

paragraph: Blacks were then largely disfranchised in southern states, which were politically controlled by white Democrats. At the turn of the 20th century, the state legislatures had passed discriminatory laws and constitutions that effectively created barriers to voter registration and closed blacks out of the political process. White sponsored other civil rights legislation, which was also defeated by the Southern block: the Castigan-Wagner bill of 1935, the Gavagan bill of 1937, and the VanNuys bill of 1940. Southerners had to mount a major political and financial effort to take the Castigan-Wagner bill out of consideration and to defeat the Gavagan bill.

paragraph: White had become a powerful figure: segregationist senator James F Byrnes of South Carolina said in session about the Dyer bill, "One Negro has ordered this bill to pass. If Walter White should consent to have this bill laid aside its advocates would desert it as quickly as football players unscramble when the whistle of the referee is heard." White's word was the only thing that kept the bill before Congress. Although the bill did not pass the Senate, White and the NAACP secured widespread public support for the cause. By 1938, a Gallup poll found that 72% of Americans and 57% of Southerners favored an anti-lynching bill. White also contributed to creating alliances among civil rights activists, many of whom went on to lead in the movement from the 1950s.

paragraph: Section::::Attacks on Paul Robeson.

paragraph: During the McCarthy era, White did not openly criticize McCarthy's campaign in Congress against communists, which was wide-ranging. American fears of communism were heightened, and the FBI had been trying to classify civil rights activists as communists. White feared a backlash that might cost the NAACP its tax-exempt status and end up with people equating civil rights with communism.

paragraph: White criticized singer/activist Paul Robeson, who admitted to pro-Soviet leanings. Together with Roy Wilkins, the editor of "The Crisis", he arranged for distribution of "Paul Robeson: Lost Shepherd", a leaflet against Robeson, which was written under a pseudonym.

paragraph: Section::::Literary career.

paragraph: Through his cultural interests and his close friendships with white literary power brokers Carl Van Vechten and Alfred A. Knopf, White was one of the founders of the "New Negro" cultural flowering. Popularly known as the Harlem Renaissance, the period was one of intense literary and artistic production. Harlem became the center of black American intellectual and artistic life. It attracted creative people from across the nation, as did New York City in general.

paragraph: Writer Zora Neale Hurston accused Walter White of stealing her designed costumes from her play "The Great Day". White never returned the costumes to Hurston, who repeatedly asked for them by mail.

paragraph: White was the author of critically acclaimed novels: "Fire in the Flint" (1924) and "Flight" (1926). His non-fiction book "Rope and Faggot: A Biography of Judge Lynch" (1929) was a study of lynching. Additional books were "A Rising Wind" (1945), his autobiography "A Man Called White" (1948), and "How Far the Promised Land" (1955). Unfinished at his death was "Blackjack," a novel on Harlem life and the career of an African-American boxer.

paragraph: Section::::Awards and honors.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1927 – White received the Harmon Award (William E. Harmon Foundation Award for Distinguished Achievement among Negroes) for his book "Rope and Faggot: An Interview with Judge Lynch", a study of lynching.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1937 – Awarded the Spingarn Medal by the NAACP, for outstanding achievement by an African American.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002 – Molefi Kete Asante listed Walter Francis White on his list of "100 Greatest African Americans".

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009 – White was inducted into the Georgia Writers Hall of Fame.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of civil rights leaders

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cortner, Richard, "A Mob Intent on Death", .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Goodman, James, " Stories of Scottsboro, .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kluger, Richard. "Simple Justice", .

description: American civil rights activist

wikidata_label: Walter Francis White

wikipedia_title: Walter Francis White


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categories: RCA Records artists,American jazz trumpeters,American jazz composers,Orange Then Blue members,American male trumpeters,Place of birth missing (living people),21st-century trumpeters,Experimental big band trumpeters,1963 births,21st-century male musicians,Phillips Exeter Academy alumni,Guggenheim Fellows,Post-bop trumpeters,Klezmer musicians,Male jazz composers,Arabesque Records artists,Living people,American male composers,Avant-garde jazz trumpeters,Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development alumni,Masada (band) members

paragraph: Dave Douglas (trumpeter)

paragraph: Dave Douglas (born March 24, 1963) is a jazz trumpeter, composer, and educator. His career includes more than fifty recordings as a leader and more than 500 published compositions. His ensembles include the Dave Douglas Quintet; Sound Prints, a quintet co-led with saxophonist Joe Lovano; Uplift, a sextet with bassist Bill Laswell; Present Joys with pianist Uri Caine and Andrew Cyrille; High Risk, an electronic ensemble with Shigeto, Jonathan Aaron, and Ian Chang; and Engage, a sextet with Jeff Parker, Tomeka Reid, Anna Webber, Nick Dunston, and Kate Gentile.

paragraph: He has won a Doris Duke Performing Artist Award, a Guggenheim Fellowship, an Aaron Copland award, and received Grammy Award nominations. As a composer, Douglas has received commissions from the Trisha Brown Dance Company, Birmingham Contemporary Music Group, Norddeutscher Rundfunk, Essen Philharmonie, The Library of Congress, Stanford University and Monash Art Ensemble, which premiered his chamber orchestra piece "Fabliaux" in March 2014.

paragraph: From 2002 to 2012, he served as artistic director of the Workshop in Jazz and Creative Music at the Banff Centre in Canada. He is a co-founder of the Festival of New Trumpet Music in New York with trumpeter Roy Campbell Jr.. Since 2003, Douglas has served as director of the nonprofit festival. He is on the faculty at the Mannes School of Music and is a guest coach for the Juilliard Jazz Composer's Ensemble. In 2016, he accepted a four-year appointment as the artistic director of the Bergamo Jazz Festival.

paragraph: In 2005 Douglas founded Greenleaf Music, a record labels for his albums, sheet music, podcasts, as well as the music of other modern jazz musicians. Greenleaf has produced over 70 albums.

paragraph: Section::::1970s and 1980s.

paragraph: Born in Montclair, New Jersey, Douglas grew up in the New York City area and attended Phillips Exeter Academy, a private high school in New Hampshire. He was introduced to jazz by his father, Damon Greenleaf Douglas Jr., and as a young teen was shown jazz theory and harmony by the pianist Tommy Gallant. Douglas began performing jazz during his junior year in high school while on an abroad program in Barcelona, Spain. After graduating from high school in 1981, he studied at the Berklee College of Music and New England Conservatory, both located in Boston, Massachusetts.

paragraph: In 1984, Douglas moved to New York to study at New York University, to study directly with Carmine Caruso, and he finished a degree in music. Early gigs included the experimental rock band Dr. Nerve, Jack McDuff, Vincent Herring as well as street bands around New York City. He played with a variety of ensembles and came to the attention of the jazz pianist, composer, and bandleader, Horace Silver, with whom he toured the US and Europe in 1987.

paragraph: Douglas's daughter, Mia Douglas, was born in 1984.

paragraph: In the late 1980s, Douglas began playing with bands led by Don Byron, Tim Berne, Marty Ehrlich, Walter Thompson, and others in New York. He also played in the composer collectives Mosaic Sextet and New and Used.

paragraph: In March 1993, Douglas got the opportunity to record his first album as a leader, "Parallel Worlds" (Black Saint/Soul Note), which featured his String Group with Mark Feldman (violin), Erik Friedlander (cello), Mark Dresser (bass), Michael Sarin (drums). The album is a collection of original pieces, some using serial composition techniques, and arrangements of Webern, Ellington, Kurt Weill and Stravinsky.

paragraph: This first recording was followed in quick succession by the debuts of two groups, the Tiny Bell Trio (Songlines) with Brad Shepik and Jim Black and The Dave Douglas Sextet, with Chris Speed, Josh Roseman, Uri Caine, James Genus and Joey Baron, which recorded an homage to Booker Little called In Our Lifetime (New World).

paragraph: This began a period during which Douglas recorded widely as a side musician and as a member of many new jazz groups. Douglas also began touring extensively worldwide both as a leader and as a side musician.

paragraph: In 1993, Douglas also began performing with John Zorn in his Masada quartet, with Greg Cohen and Joey Baron. The group, which still occasionally performs, deals with Jewish and diaspora culture and heritage through Zorn's original compositions. As such, it is an amalgam of jazz, new music, klezmer, and purely improvised styles. The band became one of Zorn's most long-standing and popular ensembles, and brought Douglas wider attention.

paragraph: Since the mid-1990s, Douglas has led a variety of groups simultaneously. In 1996, Douglas recorded "Sanctuary" with Cuong Vu, Anthony Coleman, Yuka Honda, Dougie Bowne, and other musicians of the New York downtown scene of the time. The group involved sampling and DJ improvisations in addition to jazz.

paragraph: In 1997, Douglas started a quartet featuring trumpet, violin, accordion, and bass (with Guy Lucevsek, Mark Feldman, and Greg Cohen) which recorded "Charms of the Night Sky", incorporating sounds of Eastern European and Argentinian folk musics as well as jazz influences on the music, which is generally mellow and relaxed. The album included a number of tracks with Douglas and accordionist Guy Klucevsek performing as a duo. A second album by the Charms of the Night Sky group, "A Thousand Evenings" was released in 2000.

paragraph: Also in 1997, Douglas founded a jazz quartet with Chris Potter, James Genus, and Ben Perowsky. This group recorded two albums in this period, "Magic Triangle" and "Leap of Faith". Both were originally released by Arabesque Recordings, and have subsequently been reissued on Douglas's own imprint, Greenleaf Music. Greenleaf has also released sheet music containing all of the original compositions from these albums. This group further explored Douglas's interest in writing harmony for cordless groups and lyrical, accessible new acoustic jazz sounds.

paragraph: Towards the end of the 1990s, Douglas formed a Quintet with Uri Caine on fender rhodes, Chris Potter, James Genus and drummer Clarence Penn. The formation of this group coincided with Douglas signing a seven record deal with major label RCA Victor.

paragraph: Douglas also began to appear at the mainstream jazz clubs around New York such as Iridium, Village Vanguard and Jazz Standard. His international touring continued with multiway residencies of his original works at festivals in Belgium, Italy, Poland, Germany, France and Spain.

paragraph: It was at the end of the 1990s that Douglas first visited the Banff Centre for the Arts as a visiting artist, at the invitation of pianist Kenny Werner. A few year later he would begin a ten year stint as the Director of the Banff International Workshop in Jazz and Creative Music.

paragraph: In 2000, Douglas released "Soul on Soul", a tribute to composer and pianist Mary Lou Williams, featuring original arrangements of her music for the sextet and new pieces inspired by her work. Douglas also released albums featuring Charms of the Night Sky and the Dave Douglas Quartet in the same year.

paragraph: In the early years of the decade, Douglas worked often with the Trisha Brown Dance Company. "El Trilogy", an extended musical work accompanying modern dance, was performed during 2000–2001.

paragraph: "Witness", a nine-part suite, was released in 2001. It features a band made up of trumpet, sax, two electric pianos, electronic percussion, bass, and drums. Douglas' music had always been informed by his political concerns, but this album was his most ambitious attempt to give them musical form, often by celebrating his political and cultural heroes through dedications and track titles. The album includes a 20-minute track entitled "Mahfouz", in which gravel-voiced singer Tom Waits reads an excerpt from the works of Egyptian writer Naguib Mahfouz, as well as pieces dedicated to Edward Said and Taslima Nasrin.

paragraph: More recently, Douglas founded the Dave Douglas New Quintet and Nomad. The Quintet is a trumpet and tenor sax-led group but with Fender Rhodes electric piano. Their first album, "The Infinite" (2001), featured Douglas originals and pieces by or inspired by musicians Rufus Wainwright, Björk and Thom Yorke. This was followed up by 2004's "Strange Liberation" by the same group with guest Bill Frisell on guitar. Formed in 2003, Nomad is made up of trumpet, clarinet, cello, tuba, and drums. With this band, Douglas performed his suite "Mountain Passages", commissioned for the Italian Sound of the Dolomites Festival, and released as the first album on Douglas' record label Greenleaf Music in 2005. The suite features a variety of different influences including Italian Ladino music, New Orleans jazz, and other musics, and is to be played from 9 to 12,000 feet above sea level.

paragraph: Douglas also started a new band called Keystone, which performs works influenced by the silent film actor and director Roscoe 'Fatty' Arbuckle. The project includes pieces to be performed with Arbuckle's films. This ensemble is made up of trumpet, tenor sax, Wurlitzer (electric piano), turntables, electric bass, and drums. A CD of this music – accompanied by a DVD with two Arbuckle shorts – was released in 2005.

paragraph: 2006 saw Douglas release "Meaning and Mystery", where he plays again with his quintet, now with Donny McCaslin in place of Chris Potter on saxophones. In December 2006, Greenleaf Music recorded all the quintet's performances over a six-night engagement at New York's Jazz Standard jazz club, called them "Live at the Jazz Standard", and made the two-hour sets the band played each night available for download from the company's website within 24 hours. The 44 compositions, almost all of them by Douglas alongside covers of Wainwright, Mary J. Blige and Björk, featured 14 tunes not previously recorded by the band. Those 14 new compositions were released on a 2-CD set, "Live at the Jazz Standard", in 2007.

paragraph: In late 2007, "Moonshine", a further recording by Keystone, was released. This was based upon recordings made of a concert performance by the band at that year's Bray Jazz Festival in Ireland. The Keystone band then led a 5-night run at Jazz Standard in April 2008. Greenleaf Music recorded and released all ten sets through their website as a download-only series, "Keystone: Live at Jazz Standard (Complete Book)".

paragraph: In 2009, Douglas released two albums: "Spirit Moves" by his Brass Ecstasy band which featured Vincent Chancey, Luis Bonilla, Marcus Rojas and Nasheet Waits; and his first album of big band compositions, "A Single Sky", a collaboration with Jim McNeely and the Frankfurt Radio Bigband.

paragraph: In tandem with the 100th anniversary of the first Frankenstein film, Douglas collaborated with experimental film-maker Bill Morrison and released the 3-CD set "Spark of Being". Written for his Keystone ensemble, the set includes three related, yet subtly different, albums to accompany the Morrison film. The first edition, entitled "Soundtrack", comprises long-form pieces edited to accompany the film in real time. The second edition, "Expand", contains extended performances of the original themes from the soundtrack, arranged in a traditional jazz album format. "Burst", the third edition, consists of additional variations and unused outtakes recorded at the initial session.

paragraph: In 2011, Douglas released three albums within the span of five months through Greenleaf Music. The albums were released only in digital format and contained approximately 30 to 50 minutes of music per album, referencing album lengths of the LP era. Released under the unifying label of the Greenleaf Portable Series, or GPS, the albums showcased ensembles that Douglas may only "rarely get to play with" in some cases. The first album, "Rare Metals" featured Douglas' Brass Ecstasy ensemble. The second album, "Orange Afternoons" included Ravi Coltrane on tenor sax, Vijay Iyer on piano, Linda Oh on bass, Marcus Gilmore on drums. The third, "Bad Mango", paired Douglas with the innovative quartet So Percussion.

paragraph: Douglas joined with tenor saxophonist Joe Lovano to form the co-led quintet Soundprints in 2012. The group originated during the bandleaders' intersecting tenures in the SFJAZZ Collective in 2008 and is loosely based upon the music of tenor saxophonist Wayne Shorter. The group's Village Vanguard debut in November 2012 included drummer Joey Baron, bassist Linda Oh and pianist Lawrence Fields.

paragraph: Douglas released "Be Still" in 2012. The album featured Douglas' newly formed quintet of Jon Irabagon on saxophone, Matt Mitchell on piano, Linda Oh on bass, and Rudy Royston on drums with the addition of vocalist Aoife O'Donovan. Dedicated to the memory of Douglas' mother, Emily, who died in 2011, "Be Still" features nine tracks, of which six are hymns and folks songs that she requested Douglas perform at her funeral. The same ensemble, minus O'Donovan, recorded and released "Time Travel" the following year.

paragraph: Inspired by 2005's "Mountain Passages", which the I Suoni delle Dolomiti festival in Northern Italy commissioned to be performed at a high altitude, Douglas initiated his 2013 tenure as the Monterey Jazz Festival's "Showcase Artist" with a benefit concert and hike at Glen Deven Ranch in Big Sur, California. The audience and performers alike hiked to a promontory overlooking the Pacific Ocean and then listened to a concert of Douglas' music.

paragraph: In celebration of his 50th birthday, Douglas launched his "50 States Project" and set out to perform in each of the 50 U.S. states throughout the course of 2013. The tour aimed to include performances in "unlikely and outdoors locations for people who might not otherwise have the same kind of access to live, improvised music as those in larger cities."

paragraph: In 2014, Douglas formed a collaboration with tenor saxophonist Chet Doxas, electric bassist Steve Swallow, and drummer Jim Doxas. Collectively known as Riverside, the group formed out of a shared respect for Texas-born multireedist Jimmy Giuffre. The group's eponymously-titled recording features originals by Douglas and Doxas, as well as Guiffre's "The Train and the River".

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Parallel Worlds" (Soul Note, 1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Tiny Bell Trio" (Songlines, 1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "In Our Lifetime" (New World, 1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Constellations" (Hat Hut, 1995) with Tiny Bell Trio

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Five" (Soul Note, 1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live in Europe" (Arabesque, 1996) with Tiny Bell Trio

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sanctuary" (Avant, 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stargazer" (Arabesque, 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Moving Portrait" (DIW, 1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Charms of the Night Sky" (Winter & Winter, 1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Magic Triangle" (Arabesque, 1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Convergence" (Soul Note, 1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Songs for Wandering Souls" (Winter & Winter, 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Soul on Soul" (RCA, 2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Leap of Faith" (Arabesque, 2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Thousand Evenings" (RCA, 2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "El Trilogy" (BMG, 2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Witness" (RCA, 2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Infinite" (RCA, 2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Freak In" (Bluebird, 2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Strange Liberation" (Bluebird, 2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bow River Falls" (Koch, 2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mountain Passages" (Greenleaf, 2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Keystone" (Greenleaf, 2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Meaning and Mystery" (Greenleaf, 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live at the Jazz Standard" (Greenleaf, 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Moonshine" (Greenleaf, 2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Spirit Moves" (Greenleaf, 2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Single Sky" (Greenleaf, 2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Spark of Being" (Greenleaf, 2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (Greenleaf, 2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Three Views" (Greenleaf, 2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Be Still" (Greenleaf, 2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Time Travel" (Greenleaf, 2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Present Joys" with Uri Caine (Greenleaf, 2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "High Risk" (Greenleaf, 2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Brazen Heart" (Greenleaf, 2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dark Territory" (Greenleaf, 2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Uplift - Twelve Pieces for Positive Action" (Greenleaf, 2018)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official site

paragraph: BULLET::::- Discography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Album review at TracksMusic.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography, CD and concert review of Dave Douglas

description: American jazz trumpeter

wikidata_label: Dave Douglas

wikipedia_title: Dave Douglas (trumpeter)


text: painter

text: Académie des Beaux-Arts

text: Flandrin

text: Charles-François-Prosper Guérin

text: Site web de la Classe Patrimoine

categories: 19th-century French painters,French male painters,1838 births,20th-century French painters,Year of death missing

paragraph: Jean Michel Prosper Guérin

paragraph: Jean Michel Prosper Guérin (1838 – after 1912) was a 19th-century French painter. He studied in the Académie des Beaux-Arts where he was a pupil of painters like Flandrin. His son, Charles-François-Prosper Guérin (1875–1939) was also a painter.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: These three pictures are property of French government:

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Site web de la Classe Patrimoine

paragraph: BULLET::::- Page du ministère de la culture avec un des tableaux de Prosper.G

paragraph: BULLET::::- Page du ministère de la culture avec La Pieta

paragraph: BULLET::::- Page du ministère de la culture avec L'agar

description: French artist

wikidata_label: Jean Michel Prosper Guérin

wikipedia_title: Jean Michel Prosper Guérin


text:
bass guitar
stoner rock
heavy metal
High on Fire
thrash metal
Holy Terror
stoner
Camarosmith
hardcore punk
Zeke

categories: High on Fire members,21st-century American bass guitarists,Living people,American male bass guitarists,American heavy metal bass guitarists,Grammy Award winners,1977 births,21st-century male musicians

paragraph: Jeff Matz

paragraph: Jeff Matz (born 1977) is the Grammy Award-winning bass guitar player for the stoner rock/heavy metal band High on Fire. His former bands include the thrash metal outfit Holy Terror, stoner band Camarosmith, Wretch Like Me and, the hardcore punk outfit Zeke.

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Jeff Matz

wikipedia_title: Jeff Matz


text:
Shimazu Shigehide
Qing Empire
Ryukyu Islands
karō
karō
ryō
breakup of the domains
Meiji government
Qing Empire
ryō
dispute
Nariakira
Hisamitsu
rōjū
Abe Masahiro
modern Kagoshima City
Tenpōzan Park
Kagoshima City
"History of Zusho"

categories: Samurai who committed suicide,Karō,Seppuku,1849 deaths,People from Satsuma Domain,Shimazu retainers,1776 births,Suicides by sharp instrument in Japan

paragraph: Zusho Hirosato

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Zusho was born in the Kagoshima castle town in 1776, the son of Satsuma samurai Kawasaki Motoaki. At age 12 he was adopted by Zusho Kiyonobu; at 22, he was sent to Edo as a tea assistant to the retired lord of Satsuma, Shimazu Shigehide. Shigehide recognized Zusho's talents, and gave him further responsibilities. He was later employed by the Satsuma lord, Shimazu Narioki, serving Narioki as messenger and city magistrate; he was also involved with Satsuma's illicit trade with the Qing Empire and the west, via the Ryukyu Islands. In 1832, he was elevated to karō status; six years later he formally received the rank of karō. As karō, he was involved with finance, agriculture, and military reform.

paragraph: At the time, the Satsuma domain's debt totaled over 5 million ryō. In order to address this problem, he began a program of administrative and agricultural reforms, and levied a no-interest loan on the merchants of Satsuma, to be repaid over the course of 250 years. This means that the domain had promised to repay the loan from then until 2085; however, with the breakup of the domains in 1872, the Meiji government declared this debt to be invalid. Zusho also increased the level of illicit trade taking place with the Qing Empire, via the Ryukyu Islands. Zusho also put a monopoly system in place on the local sugar trade, and increased trade and production levels; by 1840, this had produced a 2,500,000 ryō surplus for the Satsuma domain.

paragraph: However, Zusho soon became embroiled in the dispute over who would succeed Narioki: his eldest son Nariakira, or Nariakira's half-brother Hisamitsu. Narioki and Zusho's preference was Hisamitsu; Zusho was also worried that Nariakira, interested in western things as Shigehide had been, would ruin the domain's finances, which he had worked so hard to restore.

paragraph: Nariakira, aiming to remove his political enemies Narioki and Zusho from power, secretly revealed the illicit Ryukyu trade to the rōjū, Abe Masahiro. In 1848, while Zusho was in Edo, he was summoned by Abe for an inquiry into the secret trade. Soon after this trade was revealed, Zusho died suddenly in one of the Satsuma residences in Edo; he is believed to have either committed seppuku or taken poison, in order to protect Narioki from further endangerment. His age at death was 73. After Zusho's death, his family had its residence, income, and status confiscated by Nariakira. Zusho's grave is located at Fukushōji temple, in modern Kagoshima City.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: In the Bakumatsu period, the Satsuma domain was unlike most other domains in Japan, as it possessed large numbers of steam-driven warships and cannons. This is almost miraculous, given that only one generation previously, the domain was over 5 million ryō in debt; Satsuma's annual income barely exceeded 120,000 to 140,000 ryō. It is thanks to Zusho Hirosato's budget-balancing efforts that this level of military buildup was possible for Satsuma.

paragraph: A statue of Zusho now stands at Tenpōzan Park in Kagoshima City.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: Sagers, John H. "Origins of Japanese Wealth and Power : Reconciling Confucianism and Capitalism, 1830-1885". 1st ed. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "History of Zusho"

description: samurai

wikidata_label: Zusho Hirosato

wikipedia_title: Zusho Hirosato


text:
Bagrationi Dynasty
King of Imereti
Georgia
Mamuka
Ottoman
Solomon I
Russian
David Marshall Lang
New York
Columbia University Press

categories: 1768 deaths,18th-century people from Georgia (country),Year of birth unknown,Kings of Imereti,Bagrationi dynasty of the Kingdom of Imereti,Eastern Orthodox monarchs

paragraph: Teimuraz of Imereti

paragraph: Teimuraz () (died c. 1768), of the Bagrationi Dynasty, was King of Imereti (western Georgia) from 1766 to 1768. A son of Prince Mamuka, sometime claimant to the crown of Imereti, he was enthroned by the Ottoman government after the deposition of his cousin, King Solomon I. He ruled under the Turkish protection until Solomon regained the throne with the Russian support in 1768. Teimuraz was put in the Mukhuri prison and was never seen again.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- David Marshall Lang, "The Last Years of the Georgian Monarchy, 1658-1832". New York: Columbia University Press, 1957.

description: King of Imerati

wikidata_label: Teimuraz of Imereti

wikipedia_title: Teimuraz of Imereti


text:
outfielder
Major League Baseball
Pittsburgh Pirates
RBI
Ralph Kiner
Jason Bay
Rookie of the Year Award
National League
Most Valuable Player
Ernie Lombardi
Cincinnati Reds
St. Louis Cardinals
Cincinnati Reds
Vince DiMaggio
Philadelphia Phillies
Morrie Arnovich
Brooklyn Dodgers
United States Navy

categories: Corpus Christi Seahawks players,People from Houston,Chattanooga Lookouts players,Minor league baseball managers,Pittsburgh Pirates players,Brooklyn Dodgers players,Muskogee Chiefs players,Bartlesville Broncos players,Philadelphia Phillies players,Major League Baseball outfielders,St. Paul Saints (AA) players,1977 deaths,Cincinnati Reds players,Columbus Red Birds players,1912 births,Hutchinson Wheat Shockers players,Baseball players from Texas,LaFeria Nighthawks players,Sacramento Solons players,Houston Buffaloes players,United States Navy sailors,Galveston Buccaneers players,Elmira Red Wings players

paragraph: Johnny Rizzo

paragraph: John Costa Rizzo (July 30, 1912 – December 4, 1977) was an outfielder in Major League Baseball from 1938 to 1942. Rizzo set the Pittsburgh Pirates record for most home runs in a season, with 23 in his rookie year of 1938. , Rizzo still holds the Pirates record for most RBIs in a game, with nine.

paragraph: In 1938, Rizzo's rookie season with the Pirates, he ended the season with a .301 batting average and 111 runs batted in. His 167 hits including 31 doubles, nine triples and 23 home runs. Rizzo set a Pirate record for home runs that lasted until Ralph Kiner tied Rizzo with 23 in 1946 and took sole possession with 51 in the 1947 season. Rizzo held the Pirate rookie record with Kiner until Jason Bay hit 26 in his first season in 2004. The Rookie of the Year Award had not yet been established, but Rizzo finished sixth in the balloting for National League Most Valuable Player in his inaugural season, an award won by Ernie Lombardi the Cincinnati Reds. Rizzo was third in the National League in runs batted in, fifth in home runs, sixth in runs scored (with 97) and ninth in hits.

paragraph: Rizzo's batting went into a slump in the 1939 season, which he finished with a .261 average, six home runs and 55 RBI. That season's bright spot was in the second game of a doubleheader against the St. Louis Cardinals on May 30, 1939, when he hit nine RBI in a game with two home runs, leading the Pirates to a 14–8 win to salvage a split of the twin bill. Rizzo went five-for-six in the game, helping to singlehandedly erase a seven-run Cardinals lead. The nine RBI by Rizzo set a Pirates single game team record that hasn't been broken in almost 70 years.

paragraph: Rizzo continued his slump into the 1940 season, hitting for a .261 average in nine games with the Pirates. He was traded by the Pirates to the Cincinnati Reds on May 8, 1940 in exchange for outfielder Vince DiMaggio. Rizzo perked up with the Reds, hitting for a .282 average and four home runs in 31 games with the team. In turn, the Reds traded Rizzo to the Philadelphia Phillies on June 15, 1940 in exchange for outfielder Morrie Arnovich. Rizzo continued his improvement, hitting .292 with 20 home runs in 103 games over the remainder of the season with the Phillies. Between the three teams, Rizzo finished the 1940 season with a .283 batting average, 24 home runs and 72 RBI. Rizzo finished in third place in the National League for home runs that season. He received three points in voting for the NL's Most Valuable Player that season, enough to tie him for 29th place in the balloting.

paragraph: Rizzo played the entire 1941 season for the Phillies, finishing with a .217 average and four home runs in 99 games. After the season, he was purchased by the Brooklyn Dodgers on December 10, 1941 from Philadelphia.

paragraph: He played 78 games for the Dodgers in the 1942 season, finishing with a .230 batting average and four home runs in 99 games. He played the final game of his Major League career that year on September 25.

paragraph: Rizzo enlisted as a Seaman in the United States Navy in December 1942, days before a ban placed by President Roosevelt on such enlistments.

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Johnny Rizzo

wikipedia_title: Johnny Rizzo


text:
Ovar
Portuguese
politician
Porto
Alvar
Industrialist
cattle
dealers
farmer
Coimbra
Viseu
Abraveses
Licentiate
Philosophy
Faculty of Letters
University of Porto
High School
Teacher
Spanish
Licentiate
Medicine
pediatrics
Faculty of Medicine
University of Porto
medical doctor
Social Democratic Party
Secretary of State
Parliamentary Affairs
Mayor
Municipal Chamber
Vila Nova de Gaia
Greater Porto
Social Democratic Party
Luís Marques Mendes
Manuela Ferreira Leite
populist
politically correct
neoliberal
health care
liberal conservative
gay rights
Porto
Porto
Bonfim
Porto
Ramalde
Porto
Cedofeita
Cathedratic Professor
Faculty of Medicine
University of Porto
Proprietor
Arbo
Pontevedra
Galicia
Galician
Galician
his web site

categories: Mayors of places in Portugal,Members of the Assembly of the Republic (Portugal),People from Ovar,Social Democratic Party (Portugal) politicians,1953 births,Living people

paragraph: Luís Filipe Menezes

paragraph: Luís Filipe de Menezes Lopes (born 2 November 1953, in Ovar) is a Portuguese politician.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: He is a son of José António Lopes (Porto, Alvar, 10 September 1925 –), an Industrialist (son and paternal grandson of cattle dealers and maternal grandson and great-grandson of farmers and maternal grandson of an "exposed" daughter of unknown parents), and wife (m. Coimbra, Sé Nova, 11 November 1949) Maria Helena de Menezes Borges (Viseu, Abraveses, Aguieira, 15 April 1928 –), a Licentiate in Philosophy from the Faculty of Letters of the University of Porto and a High School Teacher, whose paternal grandfather was Spanish and whose mother was from the local Nobility.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He is a Licentiate in Medicine specialized in pediatrics from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto.

paragraph: He started his career as a medical doctor.

paragraph: Affiliated with the Social Democratic Party (PSD), he was a Secretary of State for Parliamentary Affairs and from 1997 to 2013 he was Mayor of the Municipal Chamber of Vila Nova de Gaia municipality (in Greater Porto subregion), one of the most populated Portuguese municipalities.

paragraph: He was leader of the Social Democratic Party (SDP, PSD in Portuguese) between September 2007 and 31 May 2008. He was elected after Luís Marques Mendes and was succeeded by Manuela Ferreira Leite.

paragraph: Meneses is considered a populist, his policies as mayor were equally populist and his victory over Marques Mendes is considered a victory of populism in the SDP, as there was a clear difference between the positions of both, having Meneses a more politically correct and pro-people position in most matters, although with a sightly neoliberal stance on the health care system, and a liberal conservative position towards gay rights.

paragraph: Luis Filipe Menezes is considered as a modern politician. He had the best score in last Municipality elections of October 2009.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: He married in Porto Civilly at the 2nd Conservatory of the Civil Register of Porto on 20 March 1980 and Religiously in Porto, Bonfim, on 7 May 1980 to Maria Cândida Valanzuela de Sampayo Tavares, born in Porto, Ramalde, on 7 November 1956, daughter of Amândio Gómez de Sampayo Tavares (Porto, Cedofeita, 26 December 1928), a Cathedratic Professor of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, etc., and the Proprietor of the House of O Carballal in San Cristovo de Mourentán, Arbo, Pontevedra, Galicia, son of a Galician mother, and wife (m. 11 September 1952) María del Carmen Valanzuela y Simón (30 July 1923 –), a Galician paternal granddaughter of an unknown paternal grandfather, and had issue, three sons:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Luís Filipe Valanzuela Tavares de Menezes Lopes (born 20 December 1980)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pedro Miguel Valanzuela Tavares de Menezes Lopes (born 16 June 1982), married Ana Benvinda de Miranda de Andrade de Albuquerque d' Orey (born 12 October 1979)

paragraph: BULLET::::- João Francisco Valanzuela Tavares de Menezes Lopes (born 22 September 1993)

paragraph: Section::::Electoral history.

paragraph: Section::::Electoral history.:PSD leadership election, 2007.

paragraph: ! align="center" colspan="4"|Ballot: 28 September 2007

paragraph: ! align="center" colspan=2 style="width: 60px"|Candidate

paragraph: ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|Votes

paragraph: ! align="center" style="width: 50px"|%

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- his web site

description: Portuguese politician

wikidata_label: Luís Filipe Menezes

wikipedia_title: Luís Filipe Menezes


text: CBE

text: Chiswick

text: Windsor

text: Royal Ballet School

text: Royal Ballet

text: Kenneth MacMillan

text: Mayerling

text: Frederick Ashton

text: The Two Pigeons

text: Ninette de Valois

text: Hogarth

text: The Rake's Progress

text: La fille mal gardée

text: Swan Lake

text: Margot Fonteyn

text: CBE

text: Royal Academy of Dancing

text: London City Ballet

text: English National Ballet

text: Enzo Plazzotta

text: Millbank

text: Westminster

text: cancer

categories: People from Chiswick,2013 deaths,Principal dancers of The Royal Ballet,Deaths from cancer in England,1946 births,Commanders of the Order of the British Empire,People educated at the Royal Ballet School

paragraph: David Wall (dancer)

paragraph: David Wall, CBE (15 March 1946 – 18 June 2013) was an English ballet dancer, who, at the age of 21, became the youngest male Principal in the history of The Royal Ballet.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Wall was born in Chiswick, London and went to preparatory school at Halliford School in Shepperton, where ballroom dancing classes were compulsory. His mother always said that he developed an interest in ballet watching the girls in the ballet classes that followed those ballroom classes! He then started weekly ballet classes with Mrs. Durnsford in Windsor. Wall studied at the Royal Ballet School and subsequently joined the Royal Ballet.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Wall was 20 when he was promoted to Soloist and a year later became the youngest male Principal in the history of The Royal Ballet, where he remained until 1984. Among his roles were Crown Prince Rudolf in Kenneth MacMillan's ballet "Mayerling", the Young Man in Frederick Ashton's "The Two Pigeons", the Rake in a revival of Ninette de Valois's Hogarth-based work, "The Rake's Progress", Colas in Ashton's "La fille mal gardée" and Siegfried in "Swan Lake", in which he was the youngest Siegfried ever seen at Covent Garden.

paragraph: Wall was a frequent partner to Dame Margot Fonteyn. In 1977, he won the Evening Standard Award for Outstanding Achievement in Dance. Wall retired from The Royal Ballet in 1984 and was appointed a CBE.

paragraph: In 1985 Wall joined the Royal Academy of Dancing where he was Director and General Secretary until 1991. Following this he became Guest Repetiteur with London City Ballet, and joined English National Ballet as Ballet Master in 1995.

paragraph: There is a 1975 statue, "Jete" by Enzo Plazzotta based on David Wall, on the corner of 46-57 Millbank, Westminster, London.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Wall married Alfreda Thorogood, a fellow dancer, in 1967. They first met when Wall was aged ten and both were students at the Royal Ballet School. They had two children together, Daniel and Annelise.

paragraph: He died of cancer at his family home in Croydon, London, on 18 June 2013.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1978 Desert Island Discs with David Wall

description: British ballet dancer

wikidata_label: David Wall

wikipedia_title: David Wall (dancer)


text:
American football
offensive guard
National Football League
Seattle Seahawks
2013 NFL Draft
San Francisco 49ers
Cleveland Browns
Chicago Bears
New Orleans Saints
New York Giants
Dallas Cowboys
college football
Vanderbilt
2013 NFL Draft
Seattle Seahawks
2013 NFL Draft
San Francisco 49ers
Seattle Seahawks
Cleveland Browns
Chicago Bears
New Orleans Saints
New Orleans Saints
cornerback
Tony Carter
New York Giants
Vanderbilt Commodores bio

categories: Seattle Seahawks players,San Francisco 49ers players,Cleveland Browns players,Vanderbilt Commodores football players,Living people,American football centers,Chicago Bears players,Players of American football from Georgia (U.S. state),1990 births,People from Kingsland, Georgia,New York Giants players,New Orleans Saints players,American football offensive guards

paragraph: Ryan Seymour

paragraph: Ryan R. Seymour (born February 7, 1990) is a former American football offensive guard who played in the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the seventh round of the 2013 NFL Draft. He has also played for the San Francisco 49ers, Cleveland Browns, Chicago Bears, New Orleans Saints, New York Giants and Dallas Cowboys. He played college football for Vanderbilt.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: He attended Camden County High School (GA) where he earned three letters in football as a two-way starter (DE & OG), and earned three letters as a varsity golfer.

paragraph: He was selected to the Georgia All-State AAAAA First Team (DE) by sportswriters and also named to "Jacksonville Times-Union"'s Georgia "Super South 11" team.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Seymour started all 13 games as a senior in 2012 and concluded his Vanderbilt career with 35 starting assignments including starts at LG, LT, RG, and RT. Seymour opened the 2012 season with nine straight starts at left guard, then moved to start at both tackle positions when injuries affected depth along the line. He was selected to the 2009 SEC All-Freshman team. He was named to the SEC Academic Honor Roll 2011 and 2012.

paragraph: Seymour graduated from Vanderbilt University with a Bachelor of Science degree in December 2012.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:2013 NFL Draft.

paragraph: Seymour was drafted 220th overall by the Seattle Seahawks in the 2013 NFL Draft.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Seattle Seahawks.

paragraph: He was selected by the Seattle Seahawks in the seventh round (220nd pick overall) of the 2013 NFL Draft.

paragraph: On August 31, 2013, Seymour was released by the Seahawks, and was re-signed to the Seahawks practice squad on September 11, 2013.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:San Francisco 49ers.

paragraph: On December 10, 2013, the San Francisco 49ers signed Seymour from the Seattle Seahawks' practice squad.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Cleveland Browns.

paragraph: Seymour was claimed off waivers by the Cleveland Browns on August 31. He was waived on September 9, 2014 and re-signed to the 53 man roster on October 17, 2014.

paragraph: On August 17, 2015, Seymour was suspended without pay for the first four games of the regular season for violating the NFL policy on performance-enhancing substances and was subsequently waived by the Cleveland Browns on August 27, 2015.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Chicago Bears.

paragraph: On October 7, 2015, the Chicago Bears signed Seymour to their practice squad. On October 13, 2015, Seymour was cut from the Bears practice squad.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New Orleans Saints.

paragraph: Seymour was signed to the New Orleans Saints practice squad on October 20, 2015. On December 26, 2015, the New Orleans Saints promoted Seymour to the 53-men roster and waived cornerback Tony Carter.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New York Giants.

paragraph: Seymour signed with the New York Giants on April 4, 2016. On September 3, 2016, he was released by the Giants.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Dallas Cowboys.

paragraph: On October 11, 2016, Seymour was signed to the Cowboys' practice squad. On December 30, he was promoted to the active roster, because he was needed for depth purposes in the last game of the season, in order to rest some of the starters for the playoffs. He was released on January 4, 2017. He was re-signed on February 16, 2017.

paragraph: On April 21, 2017, Seymour announced his retirement from the NFL.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vanderbilt Commodores bio

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Ryan Seymour

wikipedia_title: Ryan Seymour


text:
Archbishop of Milan
patriarch of Aquileia
Corrado della Torre
Napo della Torre
Friuli
Raimondo
patriarch of Aquileia
Milan
House of Visconti
Cividale
Archbishop of Milan
Chapter
Pope Clement V
Guido della Torre
Republic of Venice
Bologna
papal legate
excommunicated
Visconti
Matteo I Visconti
King of Italy
Matteo I Visconti
pope John XXII
Friuli
Florence
Santa Florence
Tino da Camaino
Agostino da Siena

wikipedia_title:
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan
Patriarchate of Aquileia
Corrado della Torre
Napoleone della Torre
Friuli
Raimondo della Torre
Patriarchate of Aquileia
Milan
Visconti
Cividale del Friuli
Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan
Chapter (religion)
Pope Clement V
Guido della Torre
Republic of Venice
Bologna
Papal legate
Excommunication
Visconti
Matteo I Visconti
Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)
Matteo I Visconti
Pope John XXII
Friuli
Florence
Santa Croce, Florence
Tino di Camaino
Agostino da Siena

categories: 14th-century births,1318 deaths,Archbishops of Milan,House of della Torre,Bishops of Aquileia

paragraph: Cassone della Torre

paragraph: Cassone della Torre (or "Casso", "Cassono", "Castone", "Gastone"), also called Mosca (died 20 August 1318) was an Italian medieval condottiero and feudal lord. A member of the Torriani family, he was Archbishop of Milan from 1308 to 1316 and patriarch of Aquileia from 1317 to 1318.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Cassone was the second son of Corrado della Torre and grandson of Napo della Torre. In his youth, he stayed in Friuli, then ruled by his grand-uncle Raimondo as patriarch of Aquileia: here most members of the family lived in exile from Milan after their arch-rival House of Visconti had been able to seize the power in that city.

paragraph: Cassone was appointed canon of Cividale in 1296. When the della Torre were able to return to Milan in 1302, Cassone was appointed canon of the Cathedral of Milan.

paragraph: In 1308 he succeeded Francesco da Parma as Archbishop of Milan, being elected by the Chapter of the Cathedral, of Milan, confirmed by Pope Clement V and consecrated bishop in Milano by Ugaccione Borromeo bishop of Novara on about 12 October 1308.

paragraph: His appointment as Archbishop of Milano spurred a conflict with his cousin Guido della Torre, who was afraid that Cassone could ally with the Visconti against him (two of the archbishop's brothers were married to nephews of Matteo Visconti's wife). In 1309 he took part to a successful papal military expedition against the Republic of Venice, returning to Milan with great honors. On 1 October 1309 Guido's troops attacked the archbishop's palace in Milan, and imprisoned him. On 29 October 1309 he was exiled from Milan. He moved to Bologna where the papal legate excommunicated Guido della Torre.

paragraph: Emperor Henry VII appointed Cassone mediator between the claims of the families Torriani and Visconti who were in long conflict for ruling Milan. Cassone find an agreement between the two families but it was not accepted by Guido della Torre; Emperor Henry VII then forced Guido della Torre to flee from Milan and sold the title of imperial vicar for Milan to Matteo I Visconti. Cassone re-entered in Milan and on 6 January 1311 he crowned Henry VII as King of Italy. The debt due to the Emperor by the citizens of Milan created dissatisfaction and the Torriani instigated a revolt, which was suppressed by the Visconti, supported by the soldiers of the Emperor. Cassone then fled from Milan. Following the sacking of the episcopal palace in Milan in 1314, he excommunicated Matteo I Visconti.

paragraph: On 31 December 1316 Cassone renounced the title of See of Milan, and was appointed as secular patriarch of Aquileia by pope John XXII. However, he never took the post Friuli since he died in a fall from horse at Florence. There he was buried in the church of Santa Florence; his funerary monument is attributed to Tino da Camaino or Agostino da Siena.

alias:
Gastone della Torre
Gastone Della Torre

description: Bishop of Aquileia

wikidata_label: Cassono della Torre

wikipedia_title: Cassone della Torre


text:
Goldsmiths, University of London
Nigel Godrich
Joey Waronker
Ultraísta
Vogue
Grimes
MIA
Soho

wikipedia_title:
Goldsmiths, University of London
Nigel Godrich
Joey Waronker
Ultraísta
Vogue (magazine)
Grimes (musician)
M.I.A. (rapper)
Soho

categories: Alumni of Goldsmiths, University of London,British songwriters,People from Rugby, Warwickshire,British female musicians,Living people

paragraph: Laura Bettinson

paragraph: Laura Bettinson (born 20 September 1987), also known by her stage names Dimbleby & Capper and FEMME, is an English singer, songwriter, and producer. She started writing music at 16, gigging around the Midlands area before moving to London to study Bmus Popular Music at Goldsmiths, University of London.

paragraph: Section::::History.

paragraph: She started performing as "Dimbleby & Capper" in 2008, under which name she performed on the BBC Introducing stage at Glastonbury Festival in 2009.

paragraph: It was during this period she met Radiohead producer Nigel Godrich and drummer Joey Waronker, and then went on to front their side project Ultraísta, whose debut self-titled album was released in the UK on 15 October and on 2 October in the US.

paragraph: In 2013 Bettinson returned to solo work under the pseudonym "FEMME", her first single release, consisting of double A side "Educated" and "Double Trouble", was released 22 July 2013 through Tape Rec.

paragraph: In November 2012 "Vogue" named her the "Artist of the Week" and in January 2013 Terra listed her as one of "the most interesting women in music right now" alongside such artists as Grimes and MIA.

paragraph: Her second single, also a double A side, "Fever Boy" and "Heartbeat", was released on 25 November 2013 and accompanied with a launch event at the long running White Heat club night at Madame Jojo's, in Soho, London.

paragraph: Section::::Musical style.

paragraph: She has been described as "synth textured and bassy heavy electro-pop".

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Debutante" (2016)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official FEMME website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Ultraista website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Laura Bettinson's Tape Rec profile

description: British musician

wikidata_label: Laura Bettinson

wikipedia_title: Laura Bettinson


text:
fly fishing
Edinburgh
John Horrocks
Ilm

wikipedia_title:
Fly fishing
Edinburgh
John Horrocks (politician)
Ilm (Thuringia)

categories: British fishers,1881 deaths,People from Edinburgh,1816 births,Angling writers

paragraph: John Horrocks (fisherman)

paragraph: John Horrocks (29 June 1816 – 13 June 1881) was the founder and innovator of modern European fly fishing.

paragraph: Horrocks was born in Edinburgh. He was the grandson of John Horrocks. In 1835 he fly-fished for the first time in the Ilm and other German rivers. In 1842 he moved to Weimar, later writing the standard work on fly fishing, entitled "The art of fly fishing for trout and grayling in Germany and Austria". It was first published in 1874 and describes the state of fishing as a sport in England, the decline of fisheries due to over-fishing and the inadequacy of the existing fishing laws - it also calls for the abolition of medieval customs and outdated fishing methods and the introduction of laws to protect fish stocks.

paragraph: He married three times and after his move to Weimar he was widowed twice. His first wife was Caroline Hahn (died 1847), his second Isabella Zwierlein (1825-1853) and his third Maura Diehme. He died and is buried at Weimar.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.horrocks-ev.de/

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.fischundfang.de/456,1348/

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.fliegenfischer-forum.de/ilm00.htm

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.rolandsfliegenfischerseite.de/14117.html?*session*id*key*=*session*id*val*

description: British fisherman

wikidata_label: John Horrocks

wikipedia_title: John Horrocks (fisherman)


text: French Revolution

text: Cordeliers

text: Hébertisme

text: Liberté, égalité, fraternité

text: French Republic

text: Franche-Comté

text: typographer

text: freedom of the press

text: rue de la Harpe

text: Camille Desmoulins

text: Paris Commune

text: Club des Cordeliers

text: Champ de Mars massacre

text: Jacques-René Hébert

text: Le Père Duchesne

text: section du Théâtre-Français

text: Danton

text: Chaumette

text: insurrection

text: indulgents

text: Directoire du département de Paris

text: Pache

text: section du Théâtre-Français

text: dechristianisation

text: Cult of Reason

text: Goddess

text: Vendée

text: Charles-Philippe Ronsin

text: Saumur

text: revolt

text: Rossignol

text: Marat

text: Charlotte Corday

text: L'Ami du Peuple

text: Girondists

text: Danton

text: Robespierre

text: modérantisme

text: Committee of Public Safety

text: Indulgents

text: Revolutionary Tribunal

text: guillotine

text: Ronsin

text: Vincent

text: Dictionnaire des rues

text: Antoine-François MOMORO (1756-1794)

text: "Texte du citoyen Nicolas Leblanc"

text: Le Club des Cordeliers

categories: People from Besançon,Hébertists,1794 deaths,French people executed by guillotine during the French Revolution,French atheists,1756 births,French people of Spanish descent

paragraph: Antoine-François Momoro

paragraph: Antoine-François Momoro (1756 – 24 March 1794) was a French printer, bookseller and politician during the French Revolution. An important figure in the Cordeliers club and in Hébertisme, he is the originator of the phrase "″Unité, Indivisibilité de la République; Liberté, égalité, fraternité ou la mort″", one of the mottoes of the French Republic.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:"First Printer of Liberty".

paragraph: Momoro's family was originally from Spain but settled in the Franche-Comté region of eastern France. Antoine-François Momoro studied in his home town and moved to Paris while still very young. He showed a particular talent as a typographer and he was admitted to the Parisian printers' guild in 1787. He was one of many publishers in the French capital, but he established his credentials quickly by issuing his own highly regarded printer's manual, "Traité élémentaire de l'imprimerie, ou le manuel de l'imprimeur" (1793). The outbreak of the Revolution and the declaration of the freedom of the press in August 1789 massively boosted his output and would change his destiny.

paragraph: An open opponent of even a constitutional monarchy and of the Roman Catholic religion, Momoro keenly threw himself into the revolutionary cause and put his abilities at the service of the new ideas. At the start of the Revolution he bought up several presses, opened a press at 171 rue de la Harpe and launched himself into politics. His initial output remained cautious however, as shown by his refusal, in June 1789, to be the first publisher of "La France Libre" by Camille Desmoulins. He won the exclusive concession to typography and printing from the Paris Commune and became secretary to the "Société des droits de l'homme", which later became the "Club des Cordeliers", whose journal he published as well as becoming one of its loudest orators.

paragraph: Momoro was also among the signatories of the anti-monarchical petition which led to the Champ de Mars massacre, an event that would end in formalizing the split between the moderates and extremists. In the wake of this affair, which led to his imprisonment until September 1791, Momoro resumed his printing activities under his self-given title of "first printer of the national liberty", publishing Jacques-René Hébert's radical newspaper, "Le Père Duchesne".

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Radicalization.

paragraph: A member of the section du Théâtre-Français, in June 1792 he, Danton and Chaumette wrote and signed a declaration which suppressed the distinction between passive and active citizens in the section. He then took an active part in the insurrection of 10 August 1792. He more and more supported the "enragés" more than the more moderate indulgents. He was elected by the section to the Directoire du département de Paris and it was then that he and mayor Pache inscribed the motto "Unité, Indivisibilité de la République; Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité ou la mort" on the façades of all public buildings. After a recruiting mission in Calvados and Eure, he returned to Paris where he was made president of the section du Théâtre-Français.

paragraph: He took an active part in dechristianisation and was a principal proponent of the Cult of Reason. It was his wife, Sophie Momoro (née Fournier), who played the part of the Goddess at the cult's infamous "Festival of Reason" on 20 Brumaire, Year II (10 November 1793).

paragraph: He was sent into the Vendée in May 1793, where he acted as deputy to Charles-Philippe Ronsin at the siege of the état-major at Saumur, in a mission to ensure the army fighting against the revolt there was well supplied. On his return to Paris, in a long "Rapport sur la politique de la Vendée fait au comité de Salut Public", he explained the reasons for setbacks to Ronsin's strategy in the Vendée and defended General Rossignol, contributing to his rehabilitation.

paragraph: When Marat was assassinated on 13 July 1793 by Charlotte Corday, Momoro aspired to succeed him as champion of the people and their cause. He persuaded the Cordeliers to go ahead with the publication of the "L'Ami du Peuple" at his press.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Fall.

paragraph: After working for the fall of the Girondists in the struggle between the Commune and the Convention, he participated in attacks on Danton, Robespierre (whom he accused of modérantisme), and the Committee of Public Safety. Pushed onwards by a report by Saint-Just to the Convention denouncing the "complot de l'étranger" woven by the Indulgents and Exagérés, the committee decided on the arrest of the Hébertistes on 13 March 1794. The Revolutionary Tribunal condemned Momoro to death, and he loudly replied "You accuse me, who has given everything for the Revolution!" He was guillotined with Hébert, Ronsin, Vincent and other leading Hébertistes the following afternoon, 4 Germinal, Year II (24 March 1794).

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dictionnaire des rues

paragraph: BULLET::::- Antoine-François MOMORO (1756-1794)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The New World of the Printed Word, 1789–1799"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Texte du citoyen Nicolas Leblanc"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lavallée, T. "Histoire de Paris depuis le temps des Gaulois jusqu'à nos jours - I"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Le Club des Cordeliers

description: publisher during the French Revolution

wikidata_label: Antoine-François Momoro

wikipedia_title: Antoine-François Momoro


text: civil engineer

text: New York

text: American Society of Civil Engineers

text: New York State Engineer and Surveyor

text: New York City

text: Stevens Institute of Technology

text: Pennsylvania Railroad

text: Philadelphia Water Department

text: New York State Engineer and Surveyor

text: Democratic

text: Charles S. Whitman

text: Frank M. Williams

text: major

text: U.S. Army

text: World War I

text: myelitis

text: Bernardsville, New Jersey

text: Green-Wood Cemetery

text: Brooklyn, New York

text: Morristown National Historic Park

text: Silver Maple

text: Am. Soc. of Civil Eng., Presidents

categories: Stevens Institute of Technology alumni,1922 deaths,Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery,People from Bernardsville, New Jersey,United States Army officers,New York State Engineers and Surveyors,American civil engineers,1863 births,Politicians from New York City

paragraph: John A. Bensel

paragraph: John Anderson Bensel (August 16, 1863 – June 19, 1922) was an American civil engineer and politician from New York. He was President of the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1910. He was New York State Engineer and Surveyor from 1911 to 1914.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was born on August 16, 1863, in New York City to Brownlee Bensel and Mary Maclay Hogg. He graduated from Stevens Institute of Technology in 1884, and became an assistant engineer with the Aqueduct Commission. Then he worked for the Pennsylvania Railroad, and from 1889 to 1895 was in charge of constructions on New York City's North River waterfront.

paragraph: In 1896, he married Ella Louise Day. The same year he became Consulting Engineer of the Philadelphia Water Department. In 1898, he became Chief Engineer of the New York City Dock Department, and in 1906 was appointed a Dock Commissioner.

paragraph: From 1908 to 1910, he was President of the New York City Board of Water Supply. He was New York State Engineer and Surveyor from 1911 to 1914, elected on the Democratic ticket in 1910 and 1912, but defeated for re-election in 1914.

paragraph: In 1914, he was investigated during Charles S. Whitman's graft investigation, but was cleared of all suspicions by his successor Frank M. Williams after the latter inspected the department's accounts in 1915.

paragraph: As a major, he commanded the 125th Battalion of Engineers of the U.S. Army during World War I.

paragraph: He died of myelitis on June 19, 1922, in Bernardsville, New Jersey at age 58. He was buried in Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn, New York.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Bensel's New Jersey mansion, which was built in 1905 and was named "Queen Anne Farm", is now part of the Morristown National Historic Park. The surrounding grounds are open to visitors and contain a five-story stone water tower and a large Silver Maple tree planted by Bensel in 1906.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Appointed Pres. of the Water Supply Board, in NYT on January 31, 1908, with short bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- The water supply labor contracts, in NYT on November 3, 1910

paragraph: BULLET::::- Whitman's graft hunt, in NYT on January 26, 1914

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bensel refuses to waive immunity and does not testify, in NYT on February 18, 1914

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Sullivan Committee's graft hunt, in NYT on March 5, 1914

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bensel refuese to waive immunity, the garft hunt continues, in NYT on April 3, 1914

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bensel's administration under scrutiny, in NYT on January 5, 1915

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bensel vindicated by Williams, in NYT on January 25, 1915

paragraph: BULLET::::- Am. Soc. of Civil Eng., Presidents

alias:
John Anderson Bensel
John Bensel

description: American civil engineer

wikidata_label: John A. Bensel

wikipedia_title: John A. Bensel


text:
governor
Connecticut
Colony
Norwalk
Connecticut
Equivalent Lands
Yale
Thomas Fitch, V
Connecticut General Assembly
Deputy Governor
Governor of the Colony of Connecticut
East Norwalk Historical Cemetery
burning of Norwalk
William Tryon
Connecticut Turnpike
Mill Hill Historic Park
Green
East Norwalk
Colonel
French and Indian Wars
New York
Fort Crailo
American Revolution
unincorporated settlement
Fitchville
Firelands
Connecticut Western Reserve
State of Ohio
Connecticut State Library Bio
The American Genealogist

categories: Members of the Connecticut General Assembly Council of Assistants (1662–1818),Burials in East Norwalk Historical Cemetery,Yale College alumni,American justices of the peace,Politicians from Norwalk, Connecticut,History of Norwalk, Connecticut,Members of the Connecticut House of Representatives,1699 births,1774 deaths,Colonial governors of Connecticut

paragraph: Thomas Fitch (governor)

paragraph: Thomas Fitch IV (c. 1699 – July 18, 1774) was governor of the Connecticut Colony from 1754 to 1766.

paragraph: Section::::Family and early life.

paragraph: Fitch was born, probably at Norwalk, Connecticut, the son of Thomas Fitch III (1675–1731), an investor in the Equivalent Lands and his first wife, Sarah Boardman Fitch. He graduated from Yale in 1721 then went on to obtain a master's degree. Fitch married Hannah Hall in 1724. The couple had several children, the first Thomas Fitch, V, was born in 1725. Thomas Fitch IV served as Norwalk Justice of the Peace, Deputy and Assistant to the Connecticut General Assembly, Deputy Governor, Chief Justice (to the Connecticut Superior Court), and finally Governor of the Colony of Connecticut.

paragraph: Fitch died July 18, 1774. He is buried in the East Norwalk Historical Cemetery.

paragraph: Section::::Fitch house.

paragraph: The Fitch house was partially burned during the "burning of Norwalk" raid carried out by William Tryon and British troops in July 1779 and only one wing of the house was left standing. Fitch descendants lived in the rebuilt house until 1945. In 1956 the Fitch house was relocated to make way for the construction of the Connecticut Turnpike. It stands today as part of the Mill Hill Historic Park in Norwalk next to the Green.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Fitch Street in East Norwalk is named in honor of the Fitch family including: Thomas Fitch I (1612–1704), a town founder; Thomas IV, the governor; and Thomas Fitch V, soldier and patriot.

paragraph: His son, Colonel Thomas Fitch, V (1725–1795), served with British colonial troops in the French and Indian Wars; primarily in upstate New York, near Fort Crailo. After that conflict Thomas, V returned to Norwalk and was a prominent resident during and after the American Revolution. He served as a town councilman and helped with the reconstruction efforts after the burning of Norwalk in 1779.

paragraph: The former Thomas Fitch school along Strawberry Hill Avenue in Norwalk was named in his honor, as well as to honor the other Thomas Fitches who contributed to the town.

paragraph: The unincorporated settlement of Fitchville, located in the Firelands area of the historic Connecticut Western Reserve in the State of Ohio, is named for the governor and his family.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Connecticut State Library Bio

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Donald Lines Jacobus, " The Mother of Governor Thomas Fitch " "The American Genealogist", Vol. 17, No. 2 (October 1940) [at 17:113-14].

alias: One that heartily desires the order, peace and purity of these churches,

description: Governor of the Connecticut Colony

wikidata_label: Thomas Fitch

wikipedia_title: Thomas Fitch (governor)


href: ukiyo-e Eishi Utamaro %C5%8Dkubi-e bijin-ga Oiran Yoshiwara mica shunga nikuhitsu-ga

text: ukiyo-e Eishi Utamaro ōkubi-e bijin-ga courtesans Yoshiwara mica shunga nikuhitsu-ga

paragraph: Chōkōsai Eishō

paragraph: Chōkōsai Eishō (, ) was a Japanese ukiyo-e artist. He also used the name Shōeidō ().

paragraph: Eishō's personal details are unknown. His works that remain show a practised skill, so it is likely that they appeared after years of apprenticeship. He is the most prominent student of Eishi and had a prolific output; nearly 200 of his works remain—more than any other student of Eishō's. He produced at least twenty print series published by fourteen publishers, in particular for Yamaguchiya Chūsuke. The majority of his work appeared between and .

paragraph: Eishō's work is assumed to have been in competition with that of Utamaro, who was known for his vertical "ōkubi-e" bust prints in the "bijin-ga" genre of portraits of beautiful women. Most of Eishō's prints were in the same format. He depicted his subjects in an elegant, slender-proportioned style. His most representative prints are considered to be those from the series"Kakuchū bijin kurabe" (, "Contest of beauties in the pleasure quarters", ). The series depicts actual courtesans from the Yoshiwara pleasure quarters, and the backgrounds were treated with glimmering mica. Eishō contributed twenty of the twenty-four print designs; the remainder were by fellow Eishi students and Eiu.

paragraph: Eishō produced illustrations for a few books in , some of which were "shunga" erotica. Prints by him ceased appearing around 1801, the same year Eishi gave up print designing for "nikuhitsu-ga" painting. Eishō produced few paintings, and his reasons for giving up printmaking are unknown. A painting that remains is a handscroll of Eishi as an old man, made perhaps in the 1810s or 1820s.

alias:
Chokosai Eisho
Choukousai Eishou

description: Japanese artist

wikidata_label: Chōkōsai Eishō

wikipedia_title: Chōkōsai Eishō


text:
Beltiug
Voivode of Transylvania
Count of the Székelys
Comes Perpetuus
House of Dragoș
Dragoș, Voivode of Moldavia

categories: 1447 births,1501 deaths,Voivodes of Transylvania,House of Dragoș

paragraph: Bartolomeu Dragfi

paragraph: Bartolomeu Dragfi de Beltiug ()(b. 1447 – d. 1501) was Voivode of Transylvania from 1493 until 1499, Count of the Székelys from 1479 until 1488, Comes Perpetuus of Middle Szolnok. He was a member of the House of Dragoș and a descendant of Dragoș, Voivode of Moldavia.

paragraph: Section::::Ancestry.

paragraph: BULLET::::- sources:

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Joódy Pál - Cercetarea calitắții de nobil in comitatul Maramures. Anii 1749-1769, Editura societắții culturale Pro Maramures "Dragos Vodắ", Cluj-Napoca, 2003

paragraph: BULLET::::- Joan cavaler de Puscariu - Date istorice privitoare la familiile nobile romắne.Editura societắții culturale Pro Maramures "Dragos Vodắ", Cluj-Napoca, 2003

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prof. Alexandru Filipascu de Dolha si Petrova - Istoria Maramuresului, Editura "Gutinul" Baia Mare, 1997.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wyrostek, Ludwik - Rod Dragow-Sasow na Wegrzech i Rusi Halickiej. RTH t. XI/1931-1932

description: 15th-century Transylvanian nobleman

wikidata_label: Bartolomeu Dragfi

wikipedia_title: Bartolomeu Dragfi