text:
Monaco
Lambert of Monaco
Blanche del Caretto
Catalan Grimaldi
Lamberto, Lord of Monaco
Pomellina Fregoso
Jean II
Lucien
Jean II
Honoré I, Lord of Monaco
Augustino, Bishop of Grasse
Doria
Doria
Lucien

categories: 15th-century French women,Medieval child rulers,16th-century French women,1450s births,16th-century French people,15th-century women rulers,House of Grimaldi,People of Ligurian descent,Lords of Monaco,1515 deaths,15th-century French people

paragraph: Claudine, Lady of Monaco

paragraph: Claudine or Claudia ( – 19 November 1515) was Lady regnant of Monaco between 1457 and 1458, and the Lady consort of Monaco by marriage to Lord Lambert of Monaco.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Claudine was the daughter of Blanche del Caretto and Catalan Grimaldi. She was the only child of her father, and thereby his heir.

paragraph: The succession of Monaco was regulated by her paternal grandfather Jean I, who allowed for female succession provided that a female heir kept her own name Grimaldi after marriage and passed it on to her children, and that her husband should take the name and arms of his wife. Claudine's position as heir to the throne of Monaco was further secured by her father.

paragraph: In his will, he stated that he was to be succeeded by his daughter Claudine who (to adjust to the will of his father that a female ruler was not to result in a change in dynasty), was to marry her cousin Lamberto, Lord of Monaco, to ensure that the Grimaldi family should keep the throne of Monaco and avoid a change in dynasty. He further appointed his mother Pomellina Fregoso regent of Monaco until his daughter's majority and, in the event of Pomellina's death, that his brother-in-law Pierre Fregoso should succeed her as Claudine's regent until her majority.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Lady regnant of Monaco.

paragraph: In July 1457, Catalan died when Claudine was at the age of six, and her paternal grandmother Pomellina Fregoso duly became regent of Monaco in accordance with the written will of her son. However, Claudine's fiance Lambert opposed the will and demanded part of the regency, and his demand was supported by the population. On 20 October therefore, Pomellina saw herself forced to sign a statement in which she was to share the power of regency with Lambert. Pomellina then prepared to have Lambert ousted and killed in a coup in collaboration with Pierre Fregoso and Pierre Grimaldi, Lord of Beuil, the latter of whom she promised to make the father-in-law of Claudine.

paragraph: In March 1458, the plot was staged, but Lambert managed to escape: with the support of the population of Menton and Roquebrune, he deposed Pomellina's regency government, confined her to her house in Menton, and had himself declared sovereign Lord as well as the regent and possessor of the rights of Claudine.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Lady consort of Monaco.

paragraph: The rights of Claudine was rather blurred. Lambert regarded himself as having conquered the throne of Monaco and he had legally taken possession of Claudine's rights with public approval, and Claudine was thus no longer regarded as ruler in her own right but was essentially deposed. The dynastic marriage between Claudine and Lambert was regardless to take place, but was postponed because of the young age of the bride.

paragraph: On January 1460, a plot staged by Pomellina, Pierre de Beuil and the count de Tende (again with Claudine and her dynastic rights in the center) resulted in an attack on Monaco and Lambert's rule, which failed.

paragraph: The marriage between Claudine and Lambert took place on 29 August 1465 in Vintimille. The marriage between Claudine and Lambert has traditionally been described as a happy one. There is not much information about whether she ever participated in politics during her tenure as lady consort. In 1483, however, Lambert saw it necessary to obtain the consent Claudine of his rights to govern and regulate the will of succession after his death. This was in effect her renunciation of her rights and her consent to Lambert's use of them. Nevertheless, Lambert did include her name when he proclaimed his sovereignty over the rebellious province of Mentone, which was not completely subdued until 1491.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Later life.

paragraph: Upon Lambert's death in 1494, their son Jean became Lord of Monaco as Jean II. Claudine outlived Jean, who was murdered in 1505 by his brother Lucien, the subsequent lord. According to tradition, Claudine was present during the murder of her son by her other son. She is said to have mourned Jean openly after his death, thereby demonstrating her opinion about his murder to his murderer and successor, her own son Lucien.

paragraph: Claudine died in 1515 during Lucien's reign. In her will, she stated that her rights to the three provinces of the Lordship of Monaco was to be passed on to her children in accordance with the succession order stated in the will of her father and grandfather, securing female succession on condition that it did not result to a change in dynasty: she also reinstated her granddaughter Marie Grimaldi (daughter of Jean II) in the succession, despite Lucien having forced her to renounce her claims upon her marriage. As Claudine was not regarded as a ruler since 1458, the fact that she could make a will of her rights to the throne, regulating succession, is curious fact in regards to her legal position.

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: Claudine had at least six children;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean II (1468 – 11 October 1505)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Louis (deemed insane and barred from the inheritance)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Blanche Grimaldi, married in 1501 to Honoré (baron de Tourette) de Villeneuve d'Espinouse, co-regent for Lucien's son Honoré I, Lord of Monaco with Nicolas Grimaldi in 1532.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Augustino, Bishop of Grasse (1482 – 14 April 1532)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Francesca (d. before 1523); married Luc Doria. Her son Bartholomew Doria murdered her brother Lucien.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lucien (1487 – 22 August 1523)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Michel-Yves Mourou, "Princesses de Monaco", Editions du Rocher, Monaco, 2010.

description: Ruler of Monaco, later Lady Consort of Monaca

wikidata_label: Claudine, Lady of Monaco

wikipedia_title: Claudine, Lady of Monaco


text: alternative rock

text: Deep Wound

text: Outpatients

text: Frenchy and the Punk

text: Centralia, Illinois

text: Westfield

text: Lou Barlow

text: hardcore punk

text: J Mascis

text: Western mass hardcore

text: Hüsker Dü

text: Battalion of Saints

text: Monarch of the Glen

text: Northampton, Massachusetts

text: Boston, Massachusetts

text: Frenchy and the Punk

text: Deep Wound

text: Scott Helland's website

text: Official Frenchy and the Punk website

text: Scott Helland and Frenchy and the Punk

categories: 20th-century American guitarists,American rock guitarists,1967 births,Guitarists from Massachusetts,Living people,American male guitarists

paragraph: Scott Helland

paragraph: Scott Helland is an American alternative rock musician, acoustic guitarist, bassist and songwriter. A founding member of the groups Deep Wound, Outpatients, and Frenchy and the Punk). He also performs instrumental music as Guitarmy of One. Helland was born in Centralia, Illinois and raised in Westfield, Massachusetts.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Helland attended high school in Westfield, where he met Lou Barlow. The two formed the Massachusetts-based hardcore punk band Deep Wound in 1982. J Mascis joined the band after answering their ad for a "drummer wanted to play really fast". While playing bass guitar in Deep Wound, Helland formed Outpatients with brother Vis Helland in 1982 and released "The Basement Tape" in 1983. The Outpatients were also part of the Western mass hardcore scene and shared the stage with bands like Hüsker Dü, Battalion of Saints, Crucifix, The FU's and GBH. Deep Wound broke up in 1984 and "Scott... went in the Outpatients full time." The Outpatients toured the East Coast of the US, Canada and Argentina throughout their 13-year career and disbanded in 1995.

paragraph: Helland released seven albums under his own name beginning with the experimental Hellbox Mood Rings CD in 1996. In 2000, he released an ambient/instrumental/new age CD called "Space Age Tranceology" "and made the striking transition to atmospheric soundtracks." In the same year he composed music for the film "Riders". Songs from his 2002 CD release, "Earthbound", were played on the syndicated radio program Echoes. In 2006, he released the all acoustic 12 song "Catapult" album with his tribute to the BBC series of the same name "Monarch of the Glen". He formed Scott Helland and the Traveling Band of Gypsy Nomads in 2005 with French-born singer and percussionist Samantha Stephenson, which later became Frenchy and the Punk.

paragraph: In 2004, Helland reunited with his old Deep Wound bandmates for a song at the John M Greene Hall in Northampton, Massachusetts. In June 2013 they reunited, to perform the song "Training Ground" at the Governor's Ball in New York City. More recently Helland and his bandmates played together in 2018 at Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts when the other half of Deep Wound, J Mascis and Lou Barlow's band Dinosaur jr were opening for the Foo Fighters.

paragraph: In 2014 his duo Frenchy and the Punk performed at Scotland's prestigious Edinburgh Fringe Fest. In 2016 he released a book of his pen and ink drawings titled "Feast". "Helland’s pagan-organic lines recall the gothic style of Aubrey Beardsley, as well as those of punk pen wielders like Savage Pencil, Nick Blinko, and Raymond Pettibon."

paragraph: Helland roared back to the instrumental rock world with his "Never End the Rocket Century" record in 2017. Intended as a multicultural mashup of the classic Ramones albums Rocket to Russia and End of the Century, his acoustic (guitar) has the propulsive drive of punk rock, but his riffs resonate with sounds ranging from Krautrock to flamenco and spaghetti western pastiche. Helland has released 6 videos from the album including the title track, 'Never End the Rocket Century', in which he donned a space suit and walked around Los Angeles.

paragraph: In January 2019 Helland and Stephenson's cabaret rock duo Frenchy and the Punk released a video for the song "Lanky Bell Bottoms" from their forth-coming album "Hooray Beret".

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: See also Deep Wound

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Featured in compilations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bands That Could Be God LP" (1984 – Deep Wound and Outpatients)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Flipside Vinyl Fanzine Vol 2 LP" (1985 – Outpatients)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Guillotined at the Hangar: Shielded by Death, Vol. 2" (2002 – Outpatients)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Scott Helland's website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Frenchy and the Punk website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Scott Helland and Frenchy and the Punk

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interview with Scott Helland and Frenchy and the Punk October 2012

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Scott Helland

wikipedia_title: Scott Helland


text: Governor of British Ceylon

text: Brighton

text: Nicholas Wiseman

text: Roman Catholic

text: Lamennais

text: Monckton Milnes

text: Spa, Belgium

text: Sir Benjamin Hawes

categories: 1864 deaths,British expatriates in Sri Lanka,19th-century British people,Auditors General of Sri Lanka,Governors of British Ceylon,1811 births

paragraph: Charles Justin MacCarthy

paragraph: Sir Charles Justin MacCarthy (1811–1864) was the 12th Governor of British Ceylon and the 12th Accountant General and Controller of Revenue. He was appointed on 22 October 1860 and was Governor until 1 December 1863. He also served as acting governor on two separate occasions. He was first appointed in 1850.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: His parents were Donough and Mary MacCarthy, and he was born in Brighton. He was a relation of Nicholas Wiseman, and in the early 1830s was in Rome, with a view to entering the Roman Catholic priesthood. Under the influence of the ideas of Lamennais, however, he ceased theological studies. In Rome through Wiseman he met Monckton Milnes, who became a lifelong friend. Milnes then helped him into a colonial career.

paragraph: MacCarthy was knighted in 1857. In office he adopted a policy of financial retrenchment. His main aim was to promote railway construction. He left Ceylon in December 1863, in poor health. He died at Spa, Belgium on 15 August 1864.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: MacCarthy married in 1848 Sophia Brunel Hawes, eldest daughter of Sir Benjamin Hawes. They had a son, Charles Philip.

description: Governor of British Ceylon

wikidata_label: Charles Justin MacCarthy

wikipedia_title: Charles Justin MacCarthy


text: US

text: Trinidadian

text: Cedar Walton

text: Woody Shaw

text: Bobby Hutcherson

text: Stan Getz

text: Kenny Barron

text: Duke Jordan

text: Monty Alexander

text: Frank Morgan

text: Hank Jones

text: Charles McPherson

text: Larry Willis

text: George Cables

text: Abdullah Ibrahim

text: David "Fathead" Newman

text: Sonny Fortune

text: John Hicks

text: Louis Hayes

text: Jackie McLean

text: Clifford Jordan

text: Abbey Lincoln

text: Ernestine Anderson

text: Kathleen Battle

text: Woodbrook, Port of Spain

text: steelpan

text: pan

text: London

text: London College of Music

text: New York City

text: Grachan Moncur

text: Jimmy Garrison

text: Ron Carter

text: Gap

text: Chuck Mangione

text: Washington, DC

text: Roberta Flack

text: Donny Hathaway

text: Eddie Murphy

text: Trading Places

text: Cedar Walton

text: Billy Higgins

text: Sam Jones

text: Jazz Journal

text: steelpan

text: calypso

text: Up Front

text: Timeless

text: Duo

text: Cedar Walton

text: Herb Alpert

text: Hugh Masekela

text: Main Event Live

text: Kenny Barron

text: Peruvian Blue

text: Invitation

text: Quickstep

text: David Benoit

text: The Blackbyrds

text: The Blackbyrds

text: George Cables

text: Michael Carvin

text: Cyrus Chestnut

text: A Million Colors in Your Mind

text: Freddy Cole

text: Charles Davis

text: Strata-East

text: Roberta Flack

text: Sonny Fortune

text: Steve Grossman

text: Slide Hampton

text: Roots

text: Louis Hayes

text: Breath of Life

text: David Hazeltine

text: Billy Higgins

text: Billy Higgins Quintet

text: Terumasa Hino

text: Freddie Hubbard

text: Bolivia

text: Abdullah Ibrahim

text: Mindif

text: Enja

text: Water From an Ancient Well

text: Jermaine Jackson

text: Elvin Jones

text: The Main Force

text: Vanguard

text: New Agenda

text: Sam Jones

text: Cello Again

text: Clifford Jordan

text: Down Through the Years

text: Duke Jordan

text: Joyce

text: David Lasley

text: Liberace

text: Warne Marsh

text: Back Home

text: Jackie McLean

text: Charles McPherson

text: James Moody

text: Clark Terry

text: Frank Morgan

text: A Lovesome Thing

text: David "Fathead" Newman

text: Heads Up

text: Fire! Live at the Village Vanguard

text: Davey Blue

text: One for All

text: Art Pepper

text: Duke Jordan

text: Roadgame

text: Art Lives

text: APQ

text: Arthur's Blues

text: Dave Pike

text: Pike's Groove

text: Cedar Walton

text: Ernest Ranglin

text: Vanessa Rubin

text: Janis Siegel

text: Voices of East Harlem

text: Cedar Walton

text: The Maestro

text: Eastern Rebellion 4

text: Cedar's Blues

text: The Trio 1

text: The Trio 2

text: The Trio 3

text: Cedar Walton

text: Bluesville Time

text: Criss Cross

text: As Long as There's Music

text: Mosaic

text: Simple Pleasure

text: Art Blakey Legacy

text: Manhattan Afternoon

text: The Promise Land

text: HighNote

text: Midnight Waltz

text: One Flight Down

text: The Bouncer

text: Larry Willis

text: How Do You Keep the Music Playing?

text: SteepleChase

text: A Tribute to Someone

text: "Hanging With Happy"

categories: Living people,20th-century jazz composers,Trinidad and Tobago emigrants to the United States,1946 births,Trinidad and Tobago musicians,Jazz double-bassists

paragraph: David "Happy" Williams

paragraph: David "Happy" Williams (born September 17, 1946), is a US-based Trinidadian jazz double-bassist, who has been a long-time member of Cedar Walton's group. Williams has also worked with many other notable musicians, including Woody Shaw, Bobby Hutcherson, Stan Getz, Kenny Barron, Duke Jordan, Monty Alexander, Frank Morgan, Hank Jones, Charles McPherson, Larry Willis, George Cables, Abdullah Ibrahim, David "Fathead" Newman, Sonny Fortune, John Hicks, Louis Hayes, Jackie McLean, Clifford Jordan, Abbey Lincoln, Ernestine Anderson, and Kathleen Battle.

paragraph: Section::::Background and career.

paragraph: David Larry Williams was born in Woodbrook, Port of Spain, Trinidad. His father, John "Buddy" Williams, was a bass player and one of Trinidad's best-known bandleaders of the 1940s and 1950s. David started playing music at the age of five, initially on piano, then violin and steelpan. He attended Tranquillity Boys School, Port of Spain, and at the age of 12 began playing bass in earnest. As a teenager, he played pan in the Invaders steelband. When his sister went to London on scholarship to study piano, David joined her there in 1962, studying bass for a year at the London College of Music. He recalls, "I started getting offers and gigs, I was working in nightclubs, you know, wherever I could play, pubs, it didn't matter, and I had this desire, this thing to just get out there and play."

paragraph: Williams went to New York City in 1969 on what was intended to be a two-week visit but decided to stay on when he was offered work after sitting in on a gig with Grachan Moncur in place of Jimmy Garrison. Following leads from Ron Carter, Williams began working with Gap and Chuck Mangione, and then went to Washington, DC, where he became Roberta Flack's bass player for two years, also working with Donny Hathaway during that time.

paragraph: Williams' first album as a leader, "Soul is Free", was released in 1979; one of the compositions from it, "Out of the Sheets, Into the Streets", was used in the 1983 Eddie Murphy film "Trading Places".

paragraph: In 1982 Williams became a member of the Cedar Walton Trio alongside Billy Higgins (whom Williams first met around 1973), on the death of Sam Jones, for whom he had occasionally subbed. They became, in the words of "Jazz Journal": "One of the most regarded trios in contemporary acoustic Jazz".

paragraph: In more recent years, Williams has also written and recorded music inspired by Trinidadian steelpan and calypso, notably the "pan jazz" album "Reid, Wright and be Happy" (2003), alongside Ron Reid and Orville Wright.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As leader.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Soul is Free" (AVI Records, 1978)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Up Front" (Timeless, 1986)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Duo" (Red, 1990) with Cedar Walton [originally released as "Off Minor"]

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rhythm of the Street" (Rots Records, 2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ping Pong Obsession" (Rots Records, 2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Prize" (Rots Records, 2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Spirit" (Rots Records, 2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Reid, Wright and Be Happy" (Sanch, 2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Message" (Rots Records, 2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Move Your Furniture" (Rots Records, 2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Licentious Hour" (Rots Records, 2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Feel the Passion" (featuring Frankie McIntosh; 2010)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As sideman.

paragraph: With Herb Alpert and Hugh Masekela

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Main Event Live" (A & M, 1978)

paragraph: With Kenny Barron

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Peruvian Blue" (Muse, 1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Invitation" (Criss Cross Jazz, 1991)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Quickstep" (Enja, 1991)

paragraph: With David Benoit

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Heavier Than Yesterday" (AVI, 1977)

paragraph: With The Blackbyrds

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Blackbyrds" (Fantasy, 1973)

paragraph: With George Cables

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Old Wine New Bottles" (Atlas, 1982)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wonderful L. A." (Atlas, 1982)

paragraph: With Michael Carvin

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Revelation" (Muse, 1991)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Each One Teach One" (Muse, 1994)

paragraph: With Cyrus Chestnut

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Million Colors in Your Mind" (HighNote, 2015)

paragraph: With Freddy Cole

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Love Makes the Changes" (Fantasy, 1998)

paragraph: With Charles Davis

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ingia!" (Strata-East, 1974)

paragraph: With Roberta Flack

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Children of The Night" (Atlantic, 1970)

paragraph: With Sonny Fortune

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Monk's Mood" (Kennox, 1993)

paragraph: With Steve Grossman

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Love is The Thing" (Red, 1986)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Small Hotel" (Dreyfus Jazz, 1993)

paragraph: With Slide Hampton

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Roots" (Criss Cross, 1985)

paragraph: With Louis Hayes

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Breath of Life" (Muse, 1974)

paragraph: With David Hazeltine

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Modern Standards" (Sharp Nine, 2005)

paragraph: With Billy Higgins

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Billy Higgins Quintet" (Sweet Basil, 1993)

paragraph: With Terumasa Hino

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blue Smiles" (Something Else, 1992)

paragraph: With Freddie Hubbard

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bolivia" (Music Masters, 1991)

paragraph: With Abdullah Ibrahim

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mindif" (Enja, 1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Water From an Ancient Well" (Black Ha, 1988)

paragraph: With Jermaine Jackson

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jermaine (1980 album)|Jermaine]]" (Motown, 1980)

paragraph: With Elvin Jones

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Main Force" (Vanguard, 1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New Agenda" (Vanguard, 1975)

paragraph: With Sam Jones

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cello Again" (Xanadu, 1975)

paragraph: With Clifford Jordan

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Down Through the Years" (Milestone, 1991)

paragraph: With Duke Jordan

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Murray Hill Caper" (Spotlite, 1973)

paragraph: With Joyce

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Language and Love" (Polygram, 1991)

paragraph: With David Lasley

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Missin' Twenty Grand" (EMI, 1982)

paragraph: With Liberace

paragraph: BULLET::::- "My Friends Call Me Lee" (AVI, 1978)

paragraph: With Warne Marsh

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Back Home" (Criss Cross Jazz, 1986)

paragraph: With Jackie McLean

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nature Boy" (Something Else, 1999)

paragraph: With Charles McPherson

paragraph: BULLET::::- "But Beautiful" (Venus, 2003)

paragraph: With James Moody, Clark Terry and Elvin Jones

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Summit Meeting" (Vanguard, 1977)

paragraph: With Frank Morgan

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Lovesome Thing" (Antilles, 1991)

paragraph: With David "Fathead" Newman

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Heads Up" (Atlantic, 1987)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fire! Live at the Village Vanguard" (Atlantic, 1989)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Davey Blue" (HighNote, 2002)

paragraph: With One for All

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Killer Joe" (Venus Records, 2005)

paragraph: With Art Pepper

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Art Pepper with Duke Jordan in Copenhagen 1981" (Galaxy, 1981 [1996]) with Duke Jordan

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Roadgame" (Galaxy, 1981 [1982])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Art Lives" (Galaxy 1981 [1983])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "APQ" (Galaxy, 1981 [1984])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Arthur's Blues" (Galaxy, 1981 [1991])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Unreleased Art, Vol. 1:The Complete Abashiri Concert - November 22, 1981" (Widows Taste, 1981 [2006])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Final Art: Art Pepper Last Concert 1982" (Tofrec, 1982 [1991])

paragraph: With Dave Pike

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pike's Groove" (Criss Cross Jazz, 1986) with Cedar Walton

paragraph: With Ernest Ranglin

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Memories of Barber Mack" (Island, 1997)

paragraph: With Vanessa Rubin

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Girl Talk" (Telarc, 1999)

paragraph: With Janis Siegel

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Wish You Love" (Telarc, 2002)

paragraph: With the Voices of East Harlem

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live" (Just Sun, 1973)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Can You Feel It" (1974)

paragraph: With Cedar Walton

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Maestro" (Muse, 1981)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Eastern Rebellion 4" (Timeless, 1984)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cedar's Blues" (Red, 1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Trio 1" (Red, 1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Trio 2" (Red, 1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Trio 3" (Red, 1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cedar Walton" (Timeless, 1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bluesville Time" (Criss Cross, 1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "As Long as There's Music" (Muse, 1990 [1993])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mosaic" (Music Masters, 1990 [1992]) as Eastern Rebellion

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Simple Pleasure" (Music Masters, 1993) as Eastern Rebellion

paragraph: BULLET::::- "You're My Everything" (Sweet Basil, 1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Art Blakey Legacy" (Sweet Basil, 1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live at the Village Vanguard" (Music Masters, 1994) - as Eastern Rebellion

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Never Let Me Go" (Sweet Basil, 1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Manhattan Afternoon" (Criss Cross, 1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sweet Basil Trio" (Sweet Basil, 1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Iron Clad" (Monarch, 1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Promise Land" (HighNote, 2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Midnight Waltz" (Venus, 2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "One Flight Down" (HighNote, 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Bouncer" (HighNote, 2011)

paragraph: With Larry Willis

paragraph: BULLET::::- "How Do You Keep the Music Playing?" (SteepleChase, 1992)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Tribute to Someone" (AudioQuest, 1994)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chantal Esdelle, "Hanging With Happy", May 29, 2010.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ethan Iverson, "Interview with David Williams (for Cedar Walton)", Do the Math, November 11, 2013.

description: American jazz musician

wikidata_label: David Williams

wikipedia_title: David "Happy" Williams


text:
Shirburn Castle
Oxfordshire
British
peer
landowner
Lord Lieutenant
county council
Thomas Parker, 6th Earl of Macclesfield
Gogerddan
Cardiganshire
Earl of Macclesfield
5th Dragoon Guards
Great Milton
Justice of the Peace
Oxfordshire
Oxfordshire County Council
Deputy Lieutenant
Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire

categories: Deputy Lieutenants of Oxfordshire,Councillors in Oxfordshire,Lord-Lieutenants of Oxfordshire,Members of Oxfordshire County Council,Parker family,1975 deaths,Earls in the Peerage of Great Britain,1888 births

paragraph: George Parker, 7th Earl of Macclesfield

paragraph: George Loveden William Henry Parker, 7th Earl of Macclesfield (1888–1975), of Shirburn Castle, Oxfordshire, was a British peer and landowner. He was among the last to serve simultaneously as Lord Lieutenant of an English county and as chairman of its county council.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Born on 24 May 1888, George Parker was the only child of Viscount Parker (the heir of Thomas Parker, 6th Earl of Macclesfield), by his marriage to Carine Agnes, the daughter of Pryse Loveden, of Gogerddan, Cardiganshire. His father died in 1895.

paragraph: On 24 July 1896, at the age of eight, Parker succeeded his grandfather as Earl of Macclesfield, a title he was to hold for seventy-nine years. The next year, his mother married secondly Captain L. W. Matthews, of the 5th Dragoon Guards, providing the young earl with a stepfather.

paragraph: In 1909 Macclesfield married Lilian Joanna Vere Boyle, the daughter of Major Charles Boyle, of Great Milton, Oxfordshire. They had three sons, the marriage lasting until his wife's death in 1974.

paragraph: Whereas his grandfather's public life had been principally in national affairs, Macclesfield was more concerned with those of his native county. He became a Justice of the Peace for Oxfordshire in 1911, was elected to the Oxfordshire County Council, of which he was chairman from 1937 to 1970, was appointed a Deputy Lieutenant in 1935, and was Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire from 1954 to 1963.

paragraph: He died on 20 September 1975 and was succeeded by his son, Viscount Parker.

description: British Earl

wikidata_label: George Parker, 7th Earl of Macclesfield

wikipedia_title: George Parker, 7th Earl of Macclesfield


text:
whistler
disc jockey
Heartaches
Ted Weems
Bing Crosby
larynx
Disney
Nashville
St. Petersburg, Florida
Nashville, Tennessee
Detroit
Memphis
Albuquerque, New Mexico
University of Tennessee
WMC
Paramount Records
Chicago
Race record
African American
Jimmie Noone
Victor Young
Victor
Nathaniel Shilkret
Fred Rose
WLS
KYW
WBBM
Ted Weems
Show Boat
Perry Como
triple-tonguing
Bing Crosby
larynx
Joel Brandon
Lloyd's of London
Fred Lowery
Horace Heidt
Beat the Band
Chicago's Oriental
Orpheum
King Sisters
Maurice Rocco
Disney
Atlanta
William Morris Agency
John Klenner
Victor
Decca Records
Charlotte, North Carolina
Mercury Records
Billy Vaughn
Dot Records
Nashville
Seattle
Birmingham
disk jockey
St. Petersburg, Florida
WSGN
WCOA (AM)
WILZ
St. Pete Beach, Florida
David Carroll
Datsun
Indianapolis
Catalina Island
gall bladder
Mount Olivet Cemetery
Whistlers' Hall of Fame

categories: Big band singers,MGM Records artists,Musicians from St. Petersburg, Florida,People from Nashville, Tennessee,Dot Records artists,1990 deaths,Decca Records artists,RCA Records artists,American military personnel of World War II,Vocalion Records artists,1904 births,Whistlers,Mercury Records artists

paragraph: Elmo Tanner

paragraph: William Elmo Tanner, known as Elmo Tanner (August 8, 1904 – December 20, 1990) was an American whistler, singer, bandleader and disc jockey, best known for his whistling on the chart-topping song “Heartaches” with the Ted Weems Orchestra. Tanner and Weems recorded the song for two different record companies within a period of five years. Neither recording was successful originally. The song became a hit for both record companies after a Charlotte, North Carolina disk jockey played it at random in 1947.

paragraph: Tanner was originally hired by Weems as a vocalist; the bandleader discovered Tanner's whistling ability while the band was traveling to an engagement. Like Bing Crosby, he was able to whistle from his throat due to the muscles in his larynx. He subsequently became a featured performer as a whistler, earning the nicknames "Whistler’s Mother’s Boy", "The Whistling Troubador," and "the nation’s best-known whistler". He began appearing in films as part of the Ted Weems Orchestra in 1936; his first film role was in "The Hatfields and McCoys", and he later appeared in the movie "Swing, Sister, Swing" (1938) and the musical film short, "Swing Frolic" (1942). Weems considered Tanner's whistling important enough to his orchestra that in 1939 he insured Tanner's throat for $10,000. Besides musical whistling, he also imitated birds for Disney.

paragraph: After a failed attempt at running a restaurant in his native Nashville in the early 1950s, he toured with the Elmo Tanner Quartet until 1958, when he found work as a disc jockey in Florida. After working as an auto dealer in the 1960s, in the early 1970s he resumed musical activity, singing with a St. Petersburg, Florida-based quartet.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Tanner was born on August 8, 1904 in Nashville, Tennessee, the son of Felix Elmo Tanner and Willie Mae (née) Moore. He grew up in Detroit, and moved to Memphis with his family by 1926. As a young boy, Tanner studied the violin and was successful with it until eye trouble made it difficult for him to read notes. His musical training helped Tanner to develop the ability to scan music or lyrics quickly and then either sing or whistle what he had just read. On his walk home from work, Tanner passed a cemetery each night and started whistling as he passed by. Not everyone appreciated Tanner's whistling in the evening; he was once jailed in Albuquerque, New Mexico for whistling after 10pm. A graduate of the University of Tennessee, Tanner raced automobiles and worked as a mechanic in Memphis. While performing the duties of his employment he liked to whistle and sing. One day in 1927, he had a repair job for a customer who happened to work at WMC radio. After hearing Tanner singing while working on his car, the announcer suggested Tanner audition for the radio station. His consequent on-air appearance brought a call from Paramount Records, which had offices in Chicago.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: By the late 1920s, Elmo Tanner had moved to the Chicago area and had established himself as a professional musician. Although Elmo Tanner never gained a large reputation as a singer, he was occasionally featured as such with Weems. It was as a vocalist that he made his initial recordings. He recorded a few dozen sides as a soloist for Paramount and Vocalion in 1927 through 1929. The Paramount discs appeared in the Race record series, and the Vocalion sides were likewise marketed to African Americans. His versatility was noted by Vocalion, who utilized him to provide vocals for jazz outfits such as Jimmie Noone and for more sedate recordings with the Victor Young orchestra and with organist Eddie House. Not having signed an exclusive contract with any recording company, he was able to appear on the prestigious Victor label with Nathaniel Shilkret. In 1928 he formed a duet with Fred Rose as "The Tune Peddlers" and appeared on radio stations WLS, KYW, and WBBM.

paragraph: While working at KYW with Rose, Tanner received an offer from Ted Weems. Weems offered a higher salary than Tanner was making at the radio station, but Tanner was hesitant because the job with Weems involved substantial travel. The KYW station manager offered to match the $50 per week salary. A few days later, Weems made a higher offer which was met by the station manager's offer to match it. This continued until only Fred Rose came to work. When he arrived, Rose told the station manager that Weems now offered Tanner $100 a week and he had accepted it.

paragraph: Tanner joined the Ted Weems band as a singer in 1929 and became a prominent feature of the group. Tanner's whistling talent was unveiled by accident. In high spirits on their way to their next performance, the band members were singing, yelling and whistling on the bus. When Tanner joined in, Weems was impressed enough to add a whistling segment to one of the band's sets. Tanner whistled the "Show Boat" song, "Make Believe"; the audience asked for an encore. Tanner's whistling became so popular that Perry Como, another featured performer in the band, said “The whistler was the whole band.” On occasion, Tanner's lips would pucker up, interfering with his whistling. Although generally noted for his graciousness as a bandleader, Weems would have fun at Tanner's expense, running him through the most difficult songs in his repertoire when he noticed Tanner was struggling.

paragraph: Tanner became known as "Whistler’s Mother’s Boy", "The Whistling Troubador," and "the nation’s best-known whistler". Tanner was noted for the ease with which he hit high notes and performed trills. He had the ability to whistle while triple-tonguing, and like Bing Crosby, he was able to whistle from his throat due to the muscles in his larynx. His range was from low G to high B. Professional whistler Joel Brandon has named Tanner as a "top pick". Ted Weems considered Tanner's whistling so important to his band, he insured the musician's throat with Lloyd's of London for $10,000 in 1939. The policy provided payment for any medical expenses related to Tanner's possible inability to whistle and included payment to the holder if Tanner was unable to perform.

paragraph: In an era when whistling was commonly featured on popular recordings, Tanner was often confused with Fred Lowery, who was blind and worked with Horace Heidt and his Musical Knights. People would come up to Tanner and ask if it was true that he was blind. “Only on Saturday night,” he would reply.

paragraph: When not singing or whistling, Elmo played guitar in the band. The primary purpose was evidently to show Tanner was "doing something" while keeping him in view, as it became a standard joke that the guitar he was playing had rubber bands in place of strings.

paragraph: Tanner began appearing in films as part of the Ted Weems Orchestra in 1936; his first film role was in "The Hatfields and McCoys", In 1938 he appeared in the movie "Swing, Sister, Swing" with the Weems outfit. Tanner also featured with Ted Weems and his Orchestra in a 1942 musical film short, "Swing Frolic". During this time period Tanner appeared on the popular radio show "Beat the Band" with Weems; the program ran from January 28, 1940 until February 23, 1941.

paragraph: Tanner, Ted Weems, and the rest of his orchestra joined the Merchant Marine in 1942. At (and intermittently before) his discharge in 1944 he pursued a solo career. He headlined in various nightclubs and theaters such as Chicago's Oriental and Colosimo's and at the Orpheum in Los Angeles alongside the King Sisters and Maurice Rocco. Besides musical whistling, he also imitated birds for Disney. He continued to perform songs that were associated with Weems, such as “Nola”. Tanner announced he would be fronting a twelve-piece band in September 1946; the band's theme was "Heartaches". He took over the Andy Anderson unit that was based in Atlanta and signed on with the William Morris Agency. His orchestra featured his whistling and vocals by Carol Bridges. However, this proved to be short-lived because of the surprise success of an old recording.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Ted Weems Orchestra and “Heartaches”.:The delayed success of "Heartaches".

paragraph: “Heartaches”, composed by Al Hoffman and John Klenner in 1931, was recorded as an unusual half-rumba, half washboard rhythm. In 1933, Victor had assigned the recording of the song to Ted Weems and his Orchestra, and wanted it recorded quickly. Weems and his band had time for only one rehearsal before recording the song. Initially, Weems did not like the song; he decided to omit the lyrics by way of having Tanner whistle instead. While running through the song at rehearsal, someone thought of trying it with a speedier tempo than initially written. It was not a large seller, and the master was filed away. In 1938, Weems was now working with Decca Records and was preparing to make another record. When someone had forgotten to assign a song for the "B" side of the record, Weems and Tanner made another recording of "Heartaches"; the Decca version was not any more successful than the Victor one had been five years earlier.

paragraph: In 1947, a young disk jockey in Charlotte, North Carolina who worked the overnight shift had recently received some older records which he brought to work with him. He chose one at random and put it on the turntable. Shortly after the record had finished, the radio station's telephones began ringing with people asking about the song and requesting to hear it again. By afternoon, the city's music stores were calling the radio station, hoping to learn where they could order copies of "Heartaches". Both Victor and Decca went into their vaults to find their masters of the record and began pressing them for southern United States sales. As disk jockeys in other parts of the US began obtaining copies of the record and playing it, the demand for "Heartaches" went from coast to coast. This older recording went to the top of all the main charts in 1947, including sales, juke box play, and airplay.

paragraph: Unusually, two separate recordings were given equal credit in the charts. Victor's version was recorded on August 4, 1933 and issued on Bluebird B5131. Decca's recording was made on August 23, 1938 and originally appeared on catalog number 2020B. The hit records were credited to RCA Victor 20-2175 and Decca 25017, respectively. Altogether the recordings were credited with selling 8.5 million copies. Tanner said in a 1960 interview that neither he nor Ted Weems received any compensation for the "Heartaches" re-issue as they both had let the contracts on the song expire while they were in the Merchant Marine. Tanner and Weems missed collecting an estimated $250,000 in royalties because of the expired contracts.

paragraph: Because of the renewed success of “Heartaches”, Tanner joined the re-formed Weems outfit in March 1947, and both were signed to Mercury Records. This later outfit often received poor reviews, with the exception of Elmo's “outstanding” whistling; it was Tanner's whistling that audiences most responded to. Tanner made one more recording of "Heartaches" in 1953 with Billy Vaughn for Dot Records.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Later life.

paragraph: Tanner left Weems in 1950; in 1953, he opened a restaurant in Nashville. This occupied him for a year and a half, but it proved to be a failure and Tanner suffered financially. He formed the Elmo Tanner Quartet and resumed touring for the next few years, until, tired of travel, he broke up his group in Seattle in 1958. He spent the next fourteen months in Birmingham as a disk jockey and leading a musical combo. He reunited briefly with Weems, then settled in the St. Petersburg, Florida area in Treasure Island. Tanner's radio career began at WSGN in Birmingham with an overnight radio show called "Night Owl"; he was also on the air at WCOA (AM) in Pensacola, Florida. In 1959, Tanner began working as a disk jockey on radio station WILZ in St. Pete Beach, Florida, a position which lasted several years. During this time he continued to make recordings with orchestras such as David Carroll and Billy Vaughn to continued positive reviews. His association continued with Weems, making the occasional guest appearance with the band he was closely connected to. In the early 1960s, Tanner was also selling Datsuns at a local St. Petersburg auto dealership. In the early 1970s he resumed musical activity, singing with a St. Petersburg-based quartet.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life and death.

paragraph: In 1936, while Tanner was living in Chicago, he was divorced from his first wife, Verne. Tanner married Eleanor Jones of Birmingham on January 31, 1939 in Indianapolis. While playing an engagement with Weems, Tanner got his marriage license between the first and second acts on the bill, bought a wedding ring between the second and third acts and was married between the third and fourth acts. He met his second wife while working with the Weems band on Catalina Island. They had four children together: Elmo Jr., twins Margaret and Patricia, and John Emmet. By 1969 he was retired. Tanner underwent gall bladder surgery in 1985 and was able to recover at his home in St. Petersburg. He died on December 20, 1990 in St. Petersburg, Florida. Tanner is buried in Mount Olivet Cemetery, Nashville, Tennessee. He was posthumously inducted into the Whistlers' Hall of Fame in 1991, joining previous inductees Bing Crosby and Fred Lowery.

description: American singer, whistler, bandleader and disc jockey

wikidata_label: Elmo Tanner

wikipedia_title: Elmo Tanner


text:
Spanish
Mexican
President of the Spanish Cadíz Cortes

categories: 1763 births,1828 deaths,Mexican politicians

paragraph: José Miguel Guridi y Alcocer

paragraph: José Miguel Guridi y Alcocer (December 23, 1763 – October 4, 1828) was a Spanish-Mexican politician. He was also the 21st President of the Spanish Cadíz Cortes.

description: Mexican politician

wikidata_label: José Miguel Guridi y Alcocer

wikipedia_title: José Miguel Guridi y Alcocer


text: Christian

text: monk

text: abbot

text: monastery

text: Abba Serid

text: Gaza

text: Barsanuphius

text: saint

text: Eastern Orthodox Church

text: Roman Catholic Church

text: Oriental Orthodox Church

text: Dositheus

text: Saint

text: page

text: Jerusalem

text: Golgotha

text: paganism

text: Christianity

text: monk

text: Gaza

text: monastery

text: humility

text: infirmary

text: tuberculosis

text: Canonized

text: patron saint

text: respiratory disease

text: Feast day

text: List of Catholic saints

categories: 565 deaths,Byzantine monks,6th-century Christian saints,505 births

paragraph: Dorotheus of Gaza

paragraph: Dorotheus of Gaza ( "Dorotheos tes Gazes"; 505 – 565 or 620,) or Abba Dorotheus, was a Christian monk and abbot. He joined the monastery Abba Serid (or Abba Sveridus) near Gaza through the influence of elders Barsanuphius and John. Around 540 he founded his own monastery nearby and became abbot there. It was to the monks of this monastery that he addressed his instructions/teaching (, "ascetics") of which a considerable number have survived and have been compiled into "Directions on Spiritual Training", originally composed in Greek and translated in medieval Syriac, Arabic, Georgian, and Church Slavonic. It is typical that at the heading of his teachings he announces that he offers his teaching "following the death of Abba John the Prophet and the complete silence of Abba Barsanuphius". It seems that as long his holy spiritual fathers lived he thought that he should live in obedience, keep silent and not give his own teaching. Only after the demise of one and the decision of the other not to speak did he decide to record his ascetic experiences, in order to edify the monks at the new monastery. He presents his teaching looking to one sole aim, the edification of those to whom it is addressed. He is not interested in elegance of expression or style. Thus, his words are uncontrived, clear and simple. A careful study of the teachings of Abba Dorotheus shows a strict logical structure in an intelligible and analytic manner. The matters are not approached in a theoretical way, but on the basis of everyday reality and on his monastic experience. He primarily links his teaching with the Holy Scripture and often introduces the subjects by starting from a biblical quote or passage, mainly from the Old Testament. Furthermore, he uses biblical citations from both the Old and New Testament throughout the development of his thought. In his practical teaching, Abba Dorotheus does not ignore the theology of the Church. In his thought, theology and the practical-ascetic life coexist. He certainly is not interested in giving some doctrinal teaching. Nevertheless, his practical teaching is saturated by the faith of the Church. Abba Dorotheus (St. Dorotheus the Hermit of Kemet) is recognized as a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church and Oriental Orthodox Church with his Feast Day on June 5 in the Roman Catholic Church, June 18 (June 5 old style) in Churches of Eastern Orthodox tradition and August 13 in the Eastern Orthodox Church.

paragraph: Section::::Some instructions of Abba Dorotheus.

paragraph: BULLET::::- God's providence.

paragraph: Do not wish for everything to be done according to your determination, but wish that it is how it should be, and in this way, you will attain peace with everyone. And believe that everything that happens to us, even the most insignificant, occurs through God's Providence. Then you will be able to endure everything that comes upon you without any agitation.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yearning toward goodness.

paragraph: 11. Everyone that desires salvation must not only avoid evil, but is obliged to do good, just as it says in the Psalm: "Depart from evil and do good" (Psalm 34:14). For example, if somebody was angry, he must not only not get angry, but also become meek; if somebody was proud, he must not only refrain from being proud but also become humble. Thus, every passion has an opposing virtue: pride — humility, stinginess — charity, lust — chastity, faintheartedness — patience, anger — meekness, hatred — love.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Struggles with deficiencies.

paragraph: 21. Who resembles a person who satisfies his passions? He is like a person who, after being struck down with his enemy's arrows, then takes them with his hands and pierces his own heart with them. He who opposes passions is like a person that is showered with his enemy's arrows, but remains untouched because he is dressed in steel. One who has eradicated his passions, is like a person that although under a torrent of arrows, either shatters them or returns them into the hearts of his enemies — just as the Psalm states: "Their sword shall enter their own heart, and their bows shall be broken" (Psalm 37:15).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guarding the conscience.

paragraph: 23. When God created man, He planted something divine into him — a certain conception — a spark that has both light and warmth. The conception that enlightens the mind and indicates what is right and what is wrong is called conscience. Conscience is a natural law. Living in times before any written law, patriarchs and saints pleased God by following the voice of their conscience.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Temperance, meekness.

paragraph: 24. Not only should we observe moderation with food, but we must also abstain from every other sin so that just as we fast with our stomach, we should fast with our tongue. Likewise, we should fast with our eyes i.e. not look at agitating things, not allow your eyes freedom to roam, not to look shamelessly and without fear. Similarly, arms and legs should be restrained from doing any evil acts.

paragraph: 27. It is impossible for anyone to get angry with his neighbor without initially raising himself above him, belittling him and then regarding himself higher than the neighbor.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sorrows and God's Providence.

paragraph: 24. When we suffer something unpleasant from our best friend, we know that he did not do it intentionally and that he loves us. We must think likewise of God, Who created us, for our sake incarnated, and died for our sake having endured enormous suffering. We must remind ourselves that He does everything from His goodness and from His love for us. We may think that while our friend loves us, in not having sufficient good sense in order to do everything correctly, he therefore involuntarily hurt us. This cannot be said of God because He is the highest wisdom. He knows what is good for us and accordingly, directs everything for our benefit, even in the smallest things. It can also be said that although our friend loves us and is sufficiently sensible, he is powerless to help us. But this certainly cannot be said of God, because to Him everything is possible and nothing is difficult for Him. Consequently, we know that God loves us and shows clemency toward us, that He is eternally wise and omnipotent. Everything that He does, He does for our benefit, and we should accept it with gratitude as from a Benefactor, even though it may appear to be grievous.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attaining spiritual peace.

paragraph: 29. Let us examine as to why a person sometimes gets annoyed when he hears an insult, and other times he endures it without getting agitated. What is the reason for this contrast? And is there one reason or are there several? There are several reasons, although they are all born from a main one. Sometimes it happens that after praying or completing a benevolent exercise, the person finds himself in a kind spiritual disposition and therefore, is amenable to his brother and doesn't get annoyed over his words. It also happens that a person is partial to another, and as a consequence, endures without any annoyance, everything that the individual inflicts upon him. It also happens that a person may despise the individual who wants to insult him, and therefore ignores him.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Humility, vile thoughts. Humility.

paragraph: 31. Know that if a person is oppressed by some thought and he does not confess it (to his spiritual father), he will give the thought more power to oppose and torment him. If the person confesses the oppressive thought, if he opposes and struggles with it, instilling into himself the desire for the opposite to the thought, then the passion will weaken and will eventually cease to plague him. Thus with time, in committing himself and receiving assistance from God, that person will conquer the passion itself.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Love towards your neighbor.

paragraph: 44. I heard of one person that when he came to one of his friends and found the room in disarray and even dirty, he would say to himself: "Blessed is this person, because having deferred his concerns for earthly cares, he has concentrated his mind that much toward Heaven, that he doesn’t even have time to tidy up his room." But when he came to another friend's place and found his room tidy and neat, he would say to himself; "The soul of this person is as clean as his room, and the condition of the room speaks of his soul." And he never judged another that he was negligent or proud, but through his kind disposition, saw good in everyone and received benefits from everyone. May the good Lord grant us the same kind disposition, so that we too may receive benefits from everyone and so that we never notice the failings of others.

paragraph: Section::::Dorotheus and Dositheus.

paragraph: Dositheus was a disciple of Dorotheus and himself considered a Saint. The story is that as a young man Dositheus, an army page, lead a wild and dissolute life. He became curious, however, after hearing numerous stories about the city of Jerusalem and made a journey there about 520-525AD.

paragraph: It was at Golgotha that he struck up a conversation with an old woman about Hell, which led to his converting from paganism to Christianity. He became a monk at Gaza under the supervision of Dorotheus, who had a long and steady struggle to teach Dositheus discipline. Dorotheus was criticized by many of the monastery for his lax disciple.

paragraph: Dositheus was noted, however, for his humility, self-denial and gentle and supportive ways with the sick. and he worked in the infirmary. It was probably here that he contracted tuberculosis or a similar condition.

paragraph: He died about 530AD, five years after becoming a monk As he lay dying Dositheus begged Dorotheus to "pray for an early release from his sufferings". Dorotheus answered, "Have a little patience. God's mercy is near." Soon after he said to him, "Depart in peace and appear in joy before the blessed Trinity, and pray for us"."

paragraph: After his death, Dorotheus declared that "Dositheus had surpassed the rest (of his disciples) in virtue without the practice of any extraordinary austerity."

paragraph: Dositheus was Canonized, he is the patron saint of respiratory diseases and his Feast day is February 23.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Catholic saints

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sr. Pascale-Dominique Nau, "Psychological Maturity and Spiritual Maturity: A Reading of Dorotheus of Gaza" (Rome: Lulu.com, 2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chapter 13 of "The monks of Gaza – A history of monastic spirituality" by Luc Brésard, of the abbey of Citeaux

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dorothée de Gaza, "Instructions", présentation et traduction par Sr. Pascale-Dominique Nau (Rome: Lulu.com, 2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dorothei episcopi Tyri qui sub Constantino magno vixit, De vita ac morte Prophetarum et Apostolorum, Synopsis Parisiis 1560

description: ancient Greek monk

wikidata_label: Dorotheus of Gaza

wikipedia_title: Dorotheus of Gaza


text: French

text: botanist

text: Ganges, Hérault

text: Doctorate of Science

text: University of Montpellier

text: Royal Botanical Gardens

text: London

text: Nancy

text: Ghent

text: Montpellier

text: Actinidia chinensis

text: kiwifruit

text: Phylloxera vastatrix

text: aphid

text: United States

text: Pierre-Marie-Alexis Millardet

text: entomologist

text: Charles Valentine Riley

text: grapevine

text: Vitis riparia

text: Vitis rupestris

text: grafting

text: T.V. Munson

text: Eucalyptus globulus

categories: 1888 deaths,1823 births,French botanists,People from Hérault

paragraph: Jules Émile Planchon

paragraph: Jules Émile Planchon (21 March 1823 – 1 April 1888) was a French botanist born in Ganges, Hérault.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: After receiving his Doctorate of Science at the University of Montpellier in 1844, he worked for a while at the Royal Botanical Gardens in London, and for a few years was a teacher in Nancy and Ghent. In 1853 he became head of the department of botanical sciences at Montpellier University, where he remained for the remainder of his career.

paragraph: Planchon was highly regarded in scientific circles, and made a number of contributions in his classification of botanical species and varieties. He is credited with naming "Actinidia chinensis", better known as the "golden kiwifruit".

paragraph: Planchon is remembered for his work in saving French grape vineyards from "Phylloxera vastatrix", a microscopic, yellow aphid-like pest that was an exotic species from the United States. He performed this task with assistance from French botanist Pierre-Marie-Alexis Millardet and American entomologist Charles Valentine Riley. The solution involved introduction of American grapevines {"Vitis riparia" and "Vitis rupestris"} to France for grafting purposes. American horticulturalist, T.V. Munson, was instrumental in identifying and provisioning the American rootstock that was resistant to Phylloxera and suitable for French growing conditions.

paragraph: Section::::Written works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Histoire botanique et horticole des plantes dites Azalées de l'Inde", 1854

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Des hermodactes au point de vue botanique et pharmaceutique", 1856

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mémoire sur la famille des Guttiferes", 1862

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Phylloxéra (de 1854 à 1873) résumé pratique et scientifique", 1873

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les mœurs du Phylloxéra de la vigne: résumé biologique", 1877

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les vignes américaines: leur culture, leur résistance au phylloxéra et leur avenir en Europe", 1875

paragraph: BULLET::::- Works in English:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On Meliantheae, a new natural order" proposed and defined by J. E. Planchon, 1848

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The "Eucalyptus globulus" from a botanic, economic, and medical point of view, embracing its introduction, culture, and uses" 1875

paragraph: BULLET::::- Writings about Jules Planchon:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Botanist and the Vintner; How Wine Was Saved for the World", by Christy Campbell

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grande Encyclopédie (published around 1900); (biography of Jules Planchon)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Parts of this article are based on a translation of the equivalent article from the French Wikipedia."

alias:
Planch.
Jules Emile Planchon

description: French botanist (1823–1888)

wikidata_label: Jules Émile Planchon

wikipedia_title: Jules Émile Planchon


text: Arabic

text: Persian

text: CE

text: Shawwal

text: AH

text: CE

text: Safar

text: AH

text: Sufi

text: Urdu

text: British India

text: Barelvi

text: religion

text: philosophy

text: sciences

text: Barech

text: Pushtuns

text: Rohilla

text: North India

text: Rohilkhand

text: Qandahar

text: Mughal

text: Lahore

text: Bareilly Sharif

text: the North-Western Provinces

text: Sufism

text: Deobandi movement

text: Wahhabi movement

text: Pakistan

text: India

text: Bangladesh

text: Turkey

text: Afghanistan

text: Iraq

text: Sri Lanka

text: South Africa

text: Islamic law

text: Dargah-e-Ala Hazrat

text: Urs-e-Razavi

text: Urs-e-Razavi

text: Qadiriyya

text: Chishtiyyah

text: Sohrawardiyya

text: Naqshbandi

text: fatwa

text: Kanzul Iman

text: Qur'an

text: Kanzul Iman

text: Urdu

text: Arabic

text: Qur'an

text: Hanafi

text: Husamul Haramain

text: Haram

text: Deobandi

text: Ahle Hadith

text: Ahmadiyya

text: Sunni

text: South Asia

text: Mecca

text: Medina

text: Arabic

text: Urdu

text: Turkish

text: Hindi

text: Fatawa-e-Razvia

text: fatwa

text: awliya

text: Tawassul

text: Mawlid

text: Wahhabi

text: Deobandis

text: "insan-e-kamil"

text: nūr

text: Deobandi

text: insan-e-kamil

text: Fatawa-e-Razvia

text: Shari'ah

text: Bid'ah

text: Sufi

text: Shaykh

text: Kuffar

text: Mirza Ghulam Ahmad

text: Qadian

text: Promised Messiah

text: Mahdi

text: "Ummati Nabi"

text: Islam

text: Muhammad

text: Sahaba

text: heretic

text: apostate

text: kuffar

text: Mecca

text: Medina

text: Ashraf Ali Thanwi

text: Rashid Ahmad Gangohi

text: Qasim Nanotwi

text: kuffar

text: Hejaz

text: Shia

text: Wahabis

text: Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab

text: Arabian peninsula

text: Indian independence movement

text: Mahatma Gandhi

text: Dar al-Islam

text: Jihad

text: Hijra

text: Dar al-Harb

text: Syed Ahmed Khan

text: Muslim League

text: Pakistan Movement

text: Muhammad al-Yaqoubi

text: Sufi

text: Syria

text: Takbeer TV

text: Mujaddid

text: Indian subcontinent

text: Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah

text: Muhammad Iqbal

text: Imam Abu Hanifa

text: Ala Hazrat Express

text: Bareilly

text: Bhuj

text: issued a commemorative postal stamp

text: Hamid Raza Khan

text: Hamid Raza Khan

text: Mustafa Raza Khan

text: Akhtar Raza Khan

text: Asjad Raza Khan

text: Muhammad Abdul Aleem Siddiqi

text: Raza Academy

text: Islam

text: Dargah-e-Ala Hazrat

text: Asjad Raza Khan

text: Hamid Raza Khan

text: Akhtar Raza Khan

text: Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi

text: Mustafa Raza Khan

text: Qamaruzzaman Azmi

text: Raza Academy

text: Amjad Ali Aazmi

text: Official — AlaHazrat Network!

text: Imam Ahmed Raza Research Institute, Karachi

text: Imam Ahmed Raza Academy, South Africa

text: Official Website Of Ala Hazrat

text: Alahazrat.net

text: Raza Academy, Mumbai

text: Full Biography of Ala Hazrat

text: Who was Ahmad Raza Khan Barelwi?

text: 315 Books of Imam Ahmed Raza Barelvi

text: Molana Ilyas Qadri

text: Kanzul Iman - Translation of Quran

categories: 20th-century Muslim scholars of Islam,Barelvi,Critics of Ahmadiyya,Writers in British India,Critics of Shia Islam,Poets from Uttar Pradesh,1921 deaths,Mujaddid,Muslim reformers,Scholars from Uttar Pradesh,19th-century Indian poets,Indian Sunni Muslims,People from Bareilly,Indian male poets,Ahmed Raza Khan family,Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi,20th-century Indian non-fiction writers,1856 births,Indian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam,Poets in British India,People from Bareilly district,Hanafi fiqh scholars,Founders of Indian schools and colleges,20th-century Indian poets,Translators of the Quran into Urdu,Barelvis,Sunni imams,Indian Sufis,Anti-Ahmadiyya

paragraph: Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi

paragraph: Ahmed Raza Khan (Arabic: أحمد رضا خان, Persian: احمد رضا خان, , ), commonly known as Ahmed Raza Khan , Ahmed Rida Khan in Arabic, or simply as "Ala-Hazrat" (14 June 1856 CE or 10 Shawwal 1272 AH – 28 October 1921 CE or 25 Safar 1340 AH), was an Islamic scholar, jurist, theologian, ascetic, Sufi, Urdu poet, and reformer in British India, and the founder of the Barelvi movement. Raza Khan wrote on numerous topics, including law, religion, philosophy and the sciences.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Early life and family.

paragraph: Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi's father, Naqi Ali Khan, was the son of Raza Ali Khan. Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi belonged to the Barech tribe of Pushtuns. The Barech formed a tribal grouping among the Rohilla Pushtuns of North India who founded the state of Rohilkhand. Khan's ancestors migrated from Qandahar during the Mughal rule and settled in Lahore.

paragraph: Khan was born on 14 June 1856 in Mohallah Jasoli, Bareilly Sharif, the North-Western Provinces. The name corresponding to the year of his birth was “Al Mukhtaar”. His birth name was Muhammad. Khan used the appellation "Abdul Mustafa" ("servant of the chosen one") prior to signing his name in correspondence.

paragraph: He was only 4 years old when he completed the recitation of the Quran. At the age of 13, he completed his Islamic Education as well as reached puberty after which he began issuing Fatwas.

paragraph: Khan saw an intellectual and moral decline of Muslims in British India. His movement was a mass movement, defending popular Sufism, which grew in response to the influence of the Deobandi movement in South Asia and the Wahhabi movement elsewhere.

paragraph: Today the movement is spread across the globe with followers in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Turkey, Afghanistan, Iraq, Sri Lanka, South Africa, United States, and UK among other countries. The movement now has over 200 million followers. The movement was largely a rural phenomenon when begun, but is currently popular among urban, educated Pakistanis and Indians as well as South Asian diaspora throughout the world.

paragraph: Many religious schools, organizations and research institutions teach Khan's ideas, which emphasize the primacy of Islamic law over adherence to Sufi practices and personal devotion to the prophet Muhammad.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Death.

paragraph: Khan died on 28 October 1921 CE (25th Safar 1340h) at the age of 65, in his home at Bareilly. He was buried in the Dargah-e-Ala Hazrat which marks the site for the annual Urs-e-Razavi. The 4th of November 2018 marked the 100th Urs-e-Razavi.

paragraph: Section::::Bay’at and Khilafat.

paragraph: In the year 1294 A.H. (1877), at the age of 22 years, Imam Ahmed Raza became the Mureed (disciple) of Imam-ul-Asfiya, Hadrat Shah Aale Rasool Marehrawi. His Murshid bestowed him with Khilafat in the following Silsilas:

paragraph: 1) Sisilah Tariqah 'Aliyyah Qadiriyya Barkatiyyah Jadidah

paragraph: 2) Silsilah Tariqah Qadiriyyah Abaiyyah Qadimah

paragraph: 3) Sisilah Tariqah Qadiriyyah Ahdaliyyah

paragraph: 4) Sisilah Tariqah Qadiriyyah Razzaqiyyah

paragraph: 5) Sisilah Tariqah Qadiriyyah Munawwariyyah

paragraph: 6) Sisilah Tariqah Chishtiyyah Nizamiyyah 'Atiqiyyah

paragraph: 7) Sisilah Tariqah Chishtiyyah Mehbobiyyah Jadidah

paragraph: 8) Sisilah Tariqah Sohrawardiyya Wahidiyyah

paragraph: 9) Sisilah Tariqah Sohrawardiyyah Fadliyyah

paragraph: 10) Sisilah Tariqah Naqshbandiyyah 'Ula'iyyah Siddiqiyyah

paragraph: 11) Sisilah Tariqah Naqshabandiyyah Ula'iyyah (the chain linked to the illustrious Sufi Master Sayyid Moula Abu al-'Ula Naqshabandi Akbarabadi)

paragraph: 12) Sisilah Tariqah Badi'iyyah

paragraph: 13) Sisilah Tariqah Uloh'wiyyah Manamiyyah

paragraph: These also include the 4 Mystical Musafahas, namely:

paragraph: - The Sanad of Musafaha Jinniyyah

paragraph: - The Sanad of Musafaha Khidriyyah

paragraph: - The Sanad of Musafaha Mu'ammariyyah

paragraph: - The Sanad of Musafaha Manamiyyah

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Khan wrote books in Arabic, Persian and Urdu, including the thirty-volume fatwa compilation "Fatawa Razaviyya", and "Kanzul Iman" (Translation & Explanation of the Qur'an). Several of his books have been translated into European and South Asian languages.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Kanzul Iman (translation of the Qur'an).

paragraph: "Kanzul Iman" (Urdu and Arabic: کنزالایمان) is a 1910 Urdu paraphrase translation of the Qur'an by Khan. It is not associated with the Hanafi jurisprudence within Sunni Islam, and is a widely read version of translation in the Indian Subcontinent.

paragraph: It has been subsequently translated into English, Hindi, Bengali, Dutch, Turkish, Sindhi, Gujarati and Pashto.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Husamul Haramain.

paragraph: "Husamul Haramain" or Husam al Harmain Ala Munhir kufr wal myvan (The Sword of the Haramayn at the throat of unbelief and falsehood) 1906, is a treatise which declared infidels the founders of the Deobandi, Ahle Hadith and Ahmadiyya movements on the basis that they did not have the proper veneration of the Prophet Muhammad and finality of Prophethood in their writings. In defense of his verdict he obtained confirmatory signatures from 268 traditional Sunni scholars in South Asia, and some from scholars in Mecca and Medina. The treatise is published in Arabic, Urdu, English, Turkish and Hindi.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Fatawa Razawiyyah.

paragraph: "Fatawa-e-Razvia" or Fatawa-e-Radaviyyah is the main fatwa (Islamic verdicts on various issues) book of his movement. It has been published in 30 volumes and in approx. 22,000 pages. It contains solution to daily problems from religion to business and from war to marriage.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Hadaikh-e-Bakhshish.

paragraph: He wrote devotional poetry in praise of the Prophet Muhammad and always discussed him in the present tense. His main book of poetry is "Hadaikh-e-Bakhshish".

paragraph: His poems, which deal for the most part with the qualities of the Prophet, often have a simplicity and directness. They reportedly created a favorable climate for na'at writing.

paragraph: His Urdu couplets, entitled "Mustafa jaane rahmat pe lakhon salaam" (Millions of salutations on Mustafa, the Paragon of mercy), are read in movements mosques. They contain praise of the Prophet, his physical appearance (verses 33 to 80), his life and times, praise of his family and companions, praise of the awliya and saleheen (the saints and the pious).

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Other.

paragraph: His other works include:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ad Daulatul Makkiya Bil Madatul Ghaibiya

paragraph: BULLET::::- Al Mu'tamadul Mustanad

paragraph: BULLET::::- Al Amn o wa Ula

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alkaukabatush Shahabiya

paragraph: BULLET::::- Al Istimdaad

paragraph: BULLET::::- Al Fuyoozul Makkiyah

paragraph: BULLET::::- Al Meeladun Nabawiyyah

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fauze Mubeen Dar Radd-E-Harkate Zameen

paragraph: BULLET::::- Subhaanus Subooh

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sallus Say yaaful Hindiya

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ahkaam-e-Shariat

paragraph: BULLET::::- Az Zubdatuz Zakkiya

paragraph: BULLET::::- Abna ul Mustafa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tamheed-e-Imaan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Angotthe Choomne ka Masla

paragraph: Section::::Beliefs.

paragraph: Khan supported Tawassul, Mawlid, the prophet Muhammad's awareness of some unseen things, and other Sufi practices which were opposed by Wahhabis and Deobandis.

paragraph: In this context he supported the following beliefs:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Muhammad, although is "insan-e-kamil" (the perfect human), possessed a "nūr" (light) that predates creation. This contrasts with the Deobandi view that Muhammad, was only a "insan-e-kamil", a respected but physically typical human just like other humans.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Muhammad is "haazir naazir" (can be see many places at the same time and reach on desired place by the power given by God, :

paragraph: He reached judgements with regard to certain practices and faith in his book Fatawa-e-Razvia, including:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Islamic Law Shari'ah is the ultimate law and following it is obligatory for all Muslims;

paragraph: BULLET::::- To refrain from Bid'ah is essential;

paragraph: BULLET::::- A Sufi without knowledge or a Shaykh without actions is a tool in the hands of the devil;

paragraph: BULLET::::- It is impermissible to imitate the Kuffar, to mingle with the misguided [and heretics] and to participate in their festivals.

paragraph: In 1905, Khan, on the request of contemporaries from Hijaz, wrote a verdict on the permissibility of using paper as form of currency, entitled "Kifl-ul-Faqeehil fehim Fe Ahkam-e-Kirtas Drahim".

paragraph: Section::::Beliefs.:Permissibility of currency notes.:Ahmadiyyah.

paragraph: Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian claimed to be the Promised Messiah and Mahdi awaited by some Muslims as well as a "Ummati Nabi", a subordinate prophet to Muhammad who came to restore Islam to the Pristine form as practiced by Muhammad and early Sahaba. Khan declared Mirza Ghulam Ahmad a heretic and apostate and called him and his followers as disbelievers or kuffar.

paragraph: Section::::Beliefs.:Permissibility of currency notes.:Deobandis.

paragraph: When Imam Ahmed Raza Khan visited Mecca and Medina for pilgrimage in 1905, he prepared a draft document entitled "Al Motamad Al Mustanad" ("The Reliable Proofs"). In this work, Ahmad Raza branded Deobandi leaders such as Ashraf Ali Thanwi, Rashid Ahmad Gangohi, and Muhammad Qasim Nanotwi and those who followed them as "kuffar". Khan collected scholarly opinions in the Hejaz and compiled them in an Arabic language compendium with the title, "Husam al Harmain" ("The Sword of Two Sanctuaries"), a work containing 34 verdicts from 33 ulama (20 Meccan and 13 Medinese). This work initiated a reciprocal series of fatwas between Barelvis and Deobandis lasting to the present.

paragraph: Section::::Beliefs.:Permissibility of currency notes.:Shia.

paragraph: Khan wrote various books against beliefs and faith of Shia Muslims and declared various practices of Shia as kufr. Most Shiites of his day were apostates because, he believed, they repudiated necessities of religion.

paragraph: Section::::Beliefs.:Permissibility of currency notes.:Muhammad Ibn Al-Wahhab.

paragraph: Khan declared Wahabis as kuffār and collected many fatwas of various scholars against the Wahabbi movement founded by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, who was predominant in the Arabian peninsula, just as he had done with the Ahmadis and Deobandis. Until this day, Khan's followers remain opposed to the Deobandis and their beliefs.

paragraph: Section::::Political views.

paragraph: Unlike other Muslim leaders in the region at the time, Khan and his movement opposed the Indian independence movement due to its leadership under Mahatma Gandhi, who was not a Muslim.

paragraph: Khan declared that India was Dar al-Islam and that Muslims enjoyed religious freedom there. According to him, those arguing the contrary merely wanted to take advantage of the provisions allowing Muslims living under non-Muslim rule to collect interest from commercial transactions and had no desire to fight Jihad or perform Hijra. Therefore, he opposed labeling British India to be Dar al-Harb ("land of war"), which meant that waging holy war against and migrating from India were inadmissible as they would cause disaster to the community. This view of Khan's was similar to other reformers Syed Ahmed Khan and Ubaidullah Ubaidi Suharwardy.

paragraph: The Muslim League mobilized the Muslim masses to campaign for Pakistan, and many of Khan's followers played a significant and active role in the Pakistan Movement at educational and political fronts.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.:Recognition.

paragraph: BULLET::::- On 21 June 2010, Muhammad al-Yaqoubi, a cleric and Sufi from Syria, declared on Takbeer TV's programme "Sunni Talk" that the Mujaddid of the Indian subcontinent was Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi, and said that a follower of Ahlus Sunnah wal Jamaah can be identified by his love of Khan, and that those outside of that those outside the Ahlus Sunnah are identified by their attacks on him.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Muhammad Iqbal (1877–1938), a poet and philosopher, said: "I have carefully studied the decrees of Imam Ahmed Raza and thereby formed this opinion; and his Fatawa bear testimony to his acumen, intellectual caliber, the quality of his creative thinking, his excellent jurisdiction and his ocean-like Islamic knowledge. Once Imam Ahmed Raza forms an opinion he stays firm on it; he expresses his opinion after a sober reflection. Therefore, the need never arises to withdraw any of his religious decrees and judgments. With all this, by nature he was hot tempered, and if this was not in the way, then Shah Ahmed Raza would have been the Imam Abu Hanifa of his age." In another place he says, "Such a genius and intelligent jurist did not emerge."

paragraph: BULLET::::- ‘Ali bin Hassan Maliki, Mufti of Mecca, called Khan the encyclopedia of all religious sciences.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.:Societal influence.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ala Hazrat Express is an express train belonging to Indian Railways that runs between Bareilly and Bhuj in India.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Indian government issued a commemorative postal stamp in honour of Ahmad Raza Khan on 31 December 1995.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.:Spiritual successors.

paragraph: Imam Ahmad Raza Khan,Rehmatullahi A'laihi, had two son and five daughters.

paragraph: His sons Maulana Hamid Raza Khan (Hujjatul Islam), Rehmatullahi A'laihi (d.1362/1934) and Mustafa Raza Khan Qadri (Mufti E Azam Hind), Rehmatullahi A'laihi (d. 1402/1981) are celebrated scholars of Islam. Mufti Hamid Raza Khan was his appointed successor. After him Mufti Mustafa Raza Khan succeeded his father, who then appointed Mufti Akhtar Raza Khan as his successor. His son, Mufti Asjad Raza Khan now succeeds him as the spiritual leader.

paragraph: He had many disciples and successors, including 30 in the Indian subcontinent and 35 elsewhere. One of his students were well known across the world, Muhammad Abdul Aleem Siddiqi.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.:Educational Influence.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Raza Academy is an educational institute and learning centre that provides Islam education.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dargah-e-Ala Hazrat

paragraph: BULLET::::- Asjad Raza Khan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hamid Raza Khan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Akhtar Raza Khan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mustafa Raza Khan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Qamaruzzaman Azmi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Raza Academy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Amjad Ali Aazmi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Huzoor Muhad’dith e Kabeer Hazrat Allama Zia ul Mustafa Qaadiri Amjadi

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Baraka, A. (2003). A Saviour in a Dark World (Article). "The Islamic Times", March 2003. Stockport, UK: Raza Academy.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Haroon, Muhammad. (1994). "The World Importance of Imam Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi". Stockport, UK: Raza Academy.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Imam, Muhammad Hassan. (2005). "The Role of the Khulafa-e-Imam Ahmed Raza Khan in Pakistan Movement 1920–1947". Diss. Karachi: University of Karachi.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Azimbadi, Badr. (2005)."Great Personalities in Islam". Adam Publishers.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official — AlaHazrat Network!

paragraph: BULLET::::- Imam Ahmed Raza Research Institute, Karachi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Imam Ahmed Raza Academy, South Africa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Website Of Ala Hazrat

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alahazrat.net

paragraph: BULLET::::- Raza Academy, Mumbai

paragraph: BULLET::::- Full Biography of Ala Hazrat

paragraph: BULLET::::- Who was Ahmad Raza Khan Barelwi?

paragraph: BULLET::::- 315 Books of Imam Ahmed Raza Barelvi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Molana Ilyas Qadri

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kanzul Iman - Translation of Quran

alias:
Ahmed Raza Khan
Ahmed Rida Khan
Aala Hazrat
Imaam-e-Ahle Sunnat
আ'লা হযরত

description: Scholar, Reviver, Imam, Faqeeh, Muhaddis

wikidata_label: Ahmed Raza Khan Qadri Hanafi Barelvi

wikipedia_title: Ahmed Raza Khan Barelvi


href: Dalsland Stockholm botanist phycology Viola%20%28plant%29 University%20of%20Uppsala Uppsala Stockholm Bergianska%20tr%C3%A4dg%C3%A5rden Wittrockia Bromeliad Carl%20Axel%20Magnus%20Lindman Wittrockiella Algae Nordal%20Wille

text:
Dalsland
Stockholm
botanist
phycology
Viola
University of Uppsala
Uppsala
Stockholm
Bergianska trädgården
Wittrockia
Bromeliad
Carl Axel Magnus Lindman
Wittrockiella
Algae
Nordal Wille

wikipedia_title:
Dalsland
Stockholm
Botany
Phycology
Viola (plant)
Uppsala University
Uppsala
Stockholm
Bergianska trädgården
Wittrockia
Bromeliaceae
Carl Axel Magnus Lindman
Wittrockiella
Algae
Nordal Wille

categories: People from Dalsland,1839 births,Uppsala University alumni,Swedish botanists,Uppsala University faculty,1914 deaths

paragraph: Veit Brecher Wittrock

paragraph: Veit Brecher Wittrock (5 May 1839 at district of Dalsland – 1 September 1914 in Stockholm) was a Swedish botanist known for his work in the field of phycology and for his research of the genus "Viola".

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: From 1857 to 1865 he studied at the University of Uppsala, then spent the next thirteen years as a gymnasium teacher in Uppsala. In 1878 he became an associate professor at the University of Uppsala. From 1879 to 1904 he served as a professor and curator of the botanical collections at the "Naturhistoriska riksmuseet" in Stockholm. In Stockholm, he was also a professor and director of the "Bergianska trädgården" (1879–1914).

paragraph: Section::::Botanical eponymy.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wittrockia": Bromeliad genus circumscribed by Carl Axel Magnus Lindman in 1891.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wittrockiella": Algae genus circumscribed by Nordal Wille in 1909.

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Försök till en monographi öfver algslägtet Monostroma", 1866.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Algologiska studier. I och II", 1867.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dispositio oedogoniacearum suecicarum", 1870.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Prodromus monographiae oedogoniearum", 1874.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On the development and systematic arrangement of the Pithophoraceæ, a new order of algae", 1877.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Skandinaviens gymnospermer", 1887.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Viola studier" (1895–1897; 2 volumes).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Botanisk-historiska fragment", 1906.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (As editor): "Acta horti Bergiani. Meddelanden från Kungl. Svenska vetenskaps-akademiens Trädgård Bergielund".

alias:
Wittr.
Veit Brecher Wittrock

description: Swedish botanist

wikidata_label: Veit Wittrock

wikipedia_title: Veit Brecher Wittrock


text:
East Lake Golf Club
Atlanta
Georgia
Bobby Jones
Carnoustie
Scotland
James Maiden
East Lake Golf Club
Watts Gunn
Alexa Stirling
Willie Ogg
St. Louis Country Club
Ladue, Missouri
Harvey Penick

categories: American male golfers,People from Carnoustie,Sportspeople from Atlanta,1886 births

paragraph: Stewart Maiden

paragraph: Stewart Maiden (February 13, 1886 – November 4, 1948) was the head golf professional at East Lake Golf Club in Atlanta, Georgia. He was best known for teaching grand slam winning golfer Bobby Jones.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Maiden was a native of Carnoustie, Scotland, and followed his brother James Maiden to the United States, succeeding him as the head professional at East Lake Golf Club in 1908. Maiden was the son of James Maiden and Elspeth Maiden née McLean. His father James worked as a payroll clerk at a metal foundry in Carnoustie.

paragraph: Section::::Golf career.

paragraph: Along with Jones, Maiden is known for teaching other golfers such as Watts Gunn and Alexa Stirling. Maiden made Jones his first set of matched clubs. As a young boy, Jones followed Maiden around the course at East Lake and fashioned his swing after the professional. In 1919 Maiden left East Lake, having been replaced by Willie Ogg, to accept a post as professional at the St. Louis Country Club in Ladue, Missouri.

paragraph: Jones said about Maiden later in his life, "The best luck that I ever had in golf was when Stewart Maiden came from Carnoustie to be pro at the East Lake Club. Stewart had the finest and soundest style I have ever seen. Naturally I did not know this at the time, but I grew up swinging like him. I imitated his style, like a monkey I suppose".

paragraph: Maiden opened an indoor golf school in New York in 1930 and then returned to Atlanta to become the first professional at the then newly opened Peachtree Golf Club in 1948.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Maiden died on November 4, 1948 in Atlanta, Georgia. Harvey Penick said of Maiden: "I've always said the best golf teacher of all has to be Stewart Maiden."

description: golfer (1886-1948)

wikidata_label: Stewart Maiden

wikipedia_title: Stewart Maiden


text:
Barcelona
Zush
Biennial of Sao Paulo
Catalonia
National Museum of Art of Catalonia
Foundation Juan March
M.I.T.
Gloria Kirby
Documenta VI
Guggenheim Museum
Centre Pompidou
MACBA
personal mythology
parallel universes
collage
therapeutic character of the art
mystic
MNCARS
Evru.org

categories: People from Barcelona,Spanish contemporary artists,Living people,Catalan artists

paragraph: Alberto Porta y Muñoz

paragraph: Alberto Porta y Muñoz, (Barcelona, 1946) is a Catalan artist with autodidact formation, known as Zush since 1968 and Evru since 2001.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Porta felt a big attraction for drawing and the human body since he was very young. Son of businessman father and designer mother, he was surrounded by mannequins and drawings of clothes designs. In 1962, at 16 years old, he knew the gallery René Metras and this interests for the young Porta that presents how an artist pop. In this sense, René was an "artistic father" for Porta owing to his support to the start of his career.

paragraph: In 1964, shares his first study with Jordi Galí and Silvia Gubern where they organised small exhibitions together with Ángel Jové and Antoni Llena. Later this group would know the group of the Jardi del Maduixer. The same year, at René Metras gallery, he showed his work to the public for the first time in the collective exhibition "Presencias of nuestro tiempo".

paragraph: An exhibition in 1966 titled "Galí, Fried, Porta" was considered by the surroundings how one of the first samples of local Pop.

paragraph: In 1967 he took part in the Biennial of Sao Paulo with three works: Boso, Fisis y Solomo.

paragraph: In 1968, his last year how Albert Porta, realises his first individual exhibition titled ""Alucinaciones"." During this same year, after living three months in a psychiatric of Barcelona, will turn into Zush.

paragraph: From 2001, Zush will disappear and will turns Evru (2001–).

paragraph: In 2017, "The Great Bell Dongda" is part of the vineyard Mas Blanch i Jové (Catalonia).

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: When Albert Porta was a child he copied the cortex of the trees until a dog urinated to envelope of these drawings. This fact was determinant for his conception of art and life. It understood that it did not have to represent only the visible shape of the things.

paragraph: It is as if that dog had said to me that was what it was doing, painting the surroundings in an identical way, did not bring me to any place. That had to look to my interior.

paragraph: In this first artistic period, Albert Porta highlighted his white sculptures of plaster, collages pop, and paintings on the life of his alter egos, Boso and Solomo.

paragraph: In 2009 he realised the retrospective exhibition PORTA}ZUSH at the Foundation Suñol.

paragraph: In 2015 he incorporated his work to the exhibition storm "Of the second origin." "Arts in Catalonia 1950–1977" to the National Museum of Art of Catalonia.

paragraph: During the exhibition [ZUSH.TECURA] at MACBA, in 2001, he adopted a new pseudonym of EVRU – the name composed from the first four letters of his conceptual creation, Evrugo Mental State (1968)–. On February 23, 2001, by means of digital technology and multimedia representation Zush made a way for Evru to emerge from his own ashes.

paragraph: He is known as for his earlier use of digital technology for more conventional media such as painting or drawing.

paragraph: He was a forerunner in the implementation and normalization of art therapy, introducing workshops for mental patients in public fine art institutions such as MACBA (2000-2001) in collaboration with Fina Alert, José Lebrero Stals, the latter as the chief curator of the exhibition at that time in MACBA.

paragraph: His production from the late 1980s to mid 1990s is clearly influenced by the presence of digital technology that he coins "PsycoManualDigital"; as a man of today, inevitably one has to live with the three dimensions of their reality; one's psyche (psycho), the body- hands (manual) and technology are the ritual and universal prosthesis of the present (digital).

paragraph: One of the works which embodies the above concept is his first CD-Rom "PsicoManualDigital", the very first CD-Rom, developed in collaboration with José Manuel Pinillo, Mubimedia (Barcelona). It won a prize from ADI-FAD LAUS Trophy (Barcelona) in 1999.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: In 1968, artist Alberto Porta adopted the name "Zush" after being confined to a mental institution in Barcelona, by the then totalitarian regime of Franco. He operated with the pseudonym for 33 years of his career.

paragraph: In the same year he created "Evrugo Mental State", his conceptual state which originates thereafter creation of his own alphabet, the national anthem of Evrugo Mental State (composed by Tres), flag, banknotes -Tucare -, etc.

paragraph: In 1975 he was awarded a scholarship from the Foundation Juan March and William Fulbright Foundation to study holography applied to the fine art at M.I.T. (Boston).

paragraph: In 1976 he exhibited "Después del eclipse" at the Vandrés Gallery by Gloria Kirby and Fernando Vijande.

paragraph: In 1977, he took part in the Documenta VI, Kassel.

paragraph: In 1980, took part in "New Images from Spain", (1980), Guggenheim Museum, New York.

paragraph: In 1986, Scholarship awarded by the D.A.A.D., Berlin.

paragraph: In 1989, Took part in the exhibition "Les magiciens de la terre" (1989), organized by Centre Pompidou of Paris.

paragraph: In 2001, Zush divested his alter personality that had accompanied him for thirty-three years of his career during the retrospective show ZUSH.TECURA at the Museum of Contemporary Art of Barcelona (MACBA) in order to give birth to Evru.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: The work of Zush characterizes the building of an autobiographical personal mythology. His own cartography nourishes the accumulation of images that reference to the notions of body, and all its extensions: mind, sex and time, and of the creation of a writing, a personal code –asura– that pretends to express all that is not possible to explain in a rational way. These elements organise multiple parallel universes that keep a delicate balance between what is apparently chaotic and monstrous and rational composition. The will of demystifying the figure of the artist and his diversity of interests has carried Zush to use an extensive spectrum of media that make it difficult to catalog: painting, drawing and graphics to "assemblages", photography and collage, the book, the audible recording. Zush has often manifested his confidence in the creative potential of all people, and also in the therapeutic character of the art. For him, any person potentially contains an artist, a scientist and a mystic. How in the work of artists that have worked across the limits between reason and madness, the work of Zush expresses the multiple personalities that populate our consciousness, other realities that reason is not able to express, and that find in the artistic creation a territory releaser that awards to the art a cathartic paper and, is somehow, therapeutic.

paragraph: Section::::Prizes.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997: National Prize of Engraving for his innovations in the graphic art.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999: Prize Laus for his CD-Blunt PsicoManualDigital.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000: Press City of Barcelona for the exhibitions "Zush." "The Campanada" (MNCARS, 2000) and "Zush"."Tecura" (MACBA, 2000-2001)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: Official web - Evru.org

alias:
Zush
Evru
Albert Porta Munoz
Porta Zush
Alberto Porta
Albert Porta Muñoz
Alberto Porta y Muñoz

description: American painter

wikidata_label: Albert Porta i Muñoz

wikipedia_title: Alberto Porta y Muñoz


text: Australian Rules Football

text: Carlton Football Club

text: AFL

text: The Hutchins School

text: North Hobart Football Club

text: TSL

text: Carlton Football Club

text: 2009 AFL National draft

text: Round 19, 2010

text: Essendon

text: Northern Blues Football Club

text: Port Melbourne Football Club

text: VFL

text: Tigers FC

text: TSL

categories: Port Melbourne Football Club players,Australian rules footballers from Tasmania,Northern Blues players,1991 births,Carlton Football Club players,Living people,North Hobart Football Club players

paragraph: Marcus Davies

paragraph: Marcus Davies is an Australian Rules Footballer who played with the Carlton Football Club in the (AFL)

paragraph: Davies played his junior football with the Sandy Bay Lions Junior Football Club in Hobart, Tasmania, attending The Hutchins School. Upon turning eighteen in 2009, he broke into the North Hobart Football Club senior team in the (TSL); he played eleven senior games during the season, and by the end he was regularly amongst his team's best. He represented Tasmania at the 2009 AFL National Under 18 Championships, and was noted for his endurance at the Draft Camp. He was selected by the Carlton Football Club in the 2009 AFL National draft with its third round selection (#43 overall). Davies has played both midfield and defence during his junior career.

paragraph: Davies made his senior Carlton debut in Round 19, 2010 against Essendon. In his first two seasons with the club, Davies played 13 games for Carlton, and spent the rest of the time with Carlton's , the Northern Blues Football Club. He played only four games in the next two years, was delisted at the conclusion of the 2013 season.

paragraph: Davies played for the Port Melbourne Football Club in the (VFL) in 2014, and signed a three-year deal to serve as a playing assistant coach for the Tigers FC (Kingborough) in the (TSL) starting in 2015.

description: Australian rules footballer

wikidata_label: Marcus Davies

wikipedia_title: Marcus Davies


text:
Babylon
Nabonidus
Darius the Great
Tigris
Euphrates
Behistun Inscription
Nebuchadnezzar IV
Persians

categories: 522 BC deaths,Babylonian kings,Year of birth unknown,Nabonidus,6th-century BC rulers,6th-century BC Babylonian kings

paragraph: Nebuchadnezzar III

paragraph: Nebuchadnezzar III ruled over Babylon (c. 522 BC). He claimed to be the second son of Nabonidus.

paragraph: He led a short-lived rebellion against Darius the Great, who routed his army in battle at the Tigris on December 13, 522 BC, and then at the Euphrates near Zazannu. Nebuchadnezzar III fled back to his capital with his remaining cavalry.

paragraph: Darius subsequently besieged the high-walled city of Babylon, succeeding in taking the capital, and Nebuchadnezzar III was put to death.

paragraph: His exact identity is uncertain. According to the Behistun Inscription, Darius claimed that he was an impostor called Nidinta-Bel, but some historians consider that he probably did have some connection with the previous Babylonian royal family.

paragraph: He should not be confused with Nebuchadnezzar IV, who led a similar revolt against the Persians around a year later.

description: king of Babylon

wikidata_label: Nebuchadnezzar III

wikipedia_title: Nebuchadnezzar III


text:
East German
javelin throw
1966 European Championships
Budapest
Leipzig
Saxony
shot put
Johanna Lüttge

categories: 1941 births,Sportspeople from Leipzig,East German female javelin throwers,Living people,European Athletics Championships medalists

paragraph: Marion Lüttge

paragraph: Marion Lüttge ( Gräfe, born 25 November 1941) is a former East German javelin thrower. Lüttge won the gold medal at the 1966 European Championships in Budapest.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Lüttge was born in Leipzig, Saxony and had worked as a chemist before devoting herself to athletics. In 1963, she married the hammer thrower Friedrich Lüttge, the brother of shot putter Johanna Lüttge.

paragraph: Lüttge was the East German champion in the javelin in 1962, 1963 and 1966. She also established three national records during her career; she recorded the last of these on 2 September 1966 with a personal best throw of 59.70m during qualification for the final of the 1966 European Championships.

description: East German javelin thrower

wikidata_label: Marion Lüttge

wikipedia_title: Marion Lüttge


text: Italian

text: photographer

text: Florence

text: Palestine

text: Egypt

text: Syria

text: Photographic Society of Italy

text: George Eastman House Images

text: Images of Italy by Brogi

text: Art Courtauld information about Brogi

categories: 1881 deaths,Italian photographers,Pioneers of photography,1822 births,Architectural photographers

paragraph: Giacomo Brogi

paragraph: Giacomo Brogi (6 April 1822 – 29 November 1881) was an Italian photographer.

paragraph: Giacomo Brogi created his first studio in Corso Tintori, in Florence in 1864. He began traveling around Italy and later traveled to the Middle East in 1868 including Palestine, Egypt and Syria.

paragraph: Brogi was associated with the Photographic Society of Italy.

paragraph: The factory was located on the Lungarno delle Grazie, 15, in Florence.

paragraph: There were shops located:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Florence. Via Tornabuoni 1.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Naples. Via Chiatamone 19 bis.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rome. Via del Corso 419.

paragraph: After death, his son Carlo continued his photographic work.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- “Catalogo delle fotografie pubblicate dalla ditta Giacomo Brogi, fotografo editore. Italia settentrionale: pitture, vedute, sculture, etc.” Firenze: Brogi, 1926.

paragraph: BULLET::::- “Catalogo delle fotografie pubblicate da Giacomo Brogi. Pitture, vedute, sculture, ecc. Napoli e Campania. Roma e Lazio. Sicilia, Bologna, Rimini, etc.” Firenze: 1912

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Union List of Artists Names, s.v. "Brogi, Giacomo", cited 7 February 2006/a

paragraph: BULLET::::- George Eastman House Images

paragraph: BULLET::::- Images of Italy by Brogi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Art Courtauld information about Brogi

description: Italian photographer

wikidata_label: Giacomo Brogi

wikipedia_title: Giacomo Brogi