text: basketball

text: Gonzaga Bulldogs

text: West Coast Conference

categories: American men's basketball players,Living people,1995 births,Gonzaga Bulldogs men's basketball players,Basketball players from Colorado,Basketball players at the 2017 NCAA Men's Division I Final Four,Point guards

paragraph: Josh Perkins

paragraph: Josh Perkins (born August 25, 1995) is an American basketball player. He played college basketball for the Gonzaga Bulldogs.

paragraph: Section::::High school career.

paragraph: Josh Perkins began his high school career at Regis Jesuit High School in Aurora, Colorado. As a freshman, he helped lead his school to winning the Colorado 5A State Championship, coming off the bench to score 12 points in the title game.

paragraph: As a sophomore, Perkins averaged 18.6 points, 5.2 assists, 4 rebounds, 2 steals, and a 1.51 assist-to-turnover ratio while shooting 56.1 percent from 2-point range, 34 percent from beyond the 3-point arc, and 81.8 percent from free throws.

paragraph: In his junior year, Perkins averaged 25.2 points, 6.9 rebounds, 6.5 assists, 1.7 steals, and a 1.27 assist-to-turnover ratio, while shooting 56.1 percent from 2-pointers, 29.2 percent on 3-point field goals, and 73.7 percent from the charity stripe. He led Colorado 5A in scoring and led Regis Jesuit to a 21-5 record, including 10-1 in the Continental League, and a trip to the Colorado 5A State Semifinals. The Aurora Sentinel named Perkins Co-Player of the Year, and he also earned 5A All-State honors. MaxPreps named him an honorable mention to their Junior All-American team.

paragraph: In the summer before his senior year, Perkins made a major decision to transfer from Regis Jesuit to prestigious high school basketball powerhouse, Huntington Prep in West Virginia. He wanted to be able to compete against strong competition on a regular basis and prepare himself for the college game before he would enroll in college a year later.

paragraph: Section::::High school career.:Recruiting.

paragraph: In late June 2013, Perkins claimed he was being recruited the hardest by Gonzaga, UCLA, USC, Kansas, Kentucky, Syracuse, Connecticut, Baylor, and Minnesota. He said he had no favorites at the time, that he wanted to cut his list to 7-9 schools soon, and that he wanted a school with superior education, with coaches who will have his back and push him to bring out his best potential. In late July 2013, he cut his list to 5 schools (UCLA, Minnesota, Gonzaga, Uconn, and Kentucky). After naming his final 3 as UCLA, Gonzaga, and Minnesota a couple days before his decision, Josh Perkins commit to Gonzaga on August 24, 2013. Perkins signed with Gonzaga during the early signing period in November 2013.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Josh Perkins' true freshman year was cut to only the first 5 games of the season, but he still averaged 5 points, 3.4 assists, 1 rebound, 0.8 steals, and a 1.7 assist-to-turnover ratio on 62.5 percent from 2-point range, 40 percent from beyond the 3-point line, and 75 percent from free throws in 20.2 minutes per game. He was a valuable player in practice and helped Gonzaga reach the Elite Eight for the first time since 1999, as well as a 2 seed in the NCAA Tournament and a 35-3 record (17-1 in the WCC).

paragraph: In his first collegiate game, Josh Perkins scored 8 points, while adding 6 assists, 1 rebound, and 1 steal, on 2-of-3 from 3-point range and 2-of-2 free throws in a win over Sacramento State on November 14, 2014.

paragraph: Perkins suffered a broken jaw in the fifth game on the season in a late November 2014 game in the NIT Season Tip-Off. Perkins pump-faked while driving to the hoop with the ball, but Georgia player Kenny Gaines jumped and kicked Perkins in the face. Perkins had to have his jaw wired shut due to the fracture and was ruled out indefinitely, with no timetable on his return. Four months later, he was still on the mend and still could not participate in any contact drills in practice.

paragraph: He was finally cleared to play with full contact in late April 2015. In August 2015, he was granted a medical hardship waiver, and which allowed him to have 4 years of eligibility remaining effective at the start of the 2015–16 season.

paragraph: Perkins was named to the First Team All-West Coast Conference as a redshirt junior as well as Academic All-Conference. Perkins averaged 12.3 points and 5.3 assists per game in 2017-18. He had shoulder surgery in April 2018.

paragraph: Coming into his senior season, Perkins was named to the Preseason All-WCC Team.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of NCAA Division I men's basketball players with 147 games played

description: American basketball player

wikidata_label: Josh Perkins

wikipedia_title: Josh Perkins


text: Norwegian

text: national archivist of Norway

text: Trondheim

text: Finn Koren

text: examen artium

text: Oslo Cathedral School

text: candidatus philologiæ

text: Kristiania

text: National Archives

text: Thorvald Boeck

text: national archivist of Norway

text: Regional State Archives in Bergen

text: Regional State Archives in Trondheim

text: Storting

text: Digitalized at bokhylla.no

categories: People from Trondheim,1863 births,Directors-General of the National Archives of Norway,Norwegian librarians

paragraph: Kristian Brinch Koren

paragraph: Kristian Brinch Koren (May 23, 1863 – February 10, 1938) was a Norwegian historian and archivist. He was appointed national archivist of Norway in 1912, serving from 1913 to 1933.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Koren was born in Trondheim, the son of the senior physician August Laurentius Koren (1833–1929) and Johanne Cathrine Brinch, and the brother of the diplomat Finn Koren (1875–1966). The family left Trondheim in 1867.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Following his "examen artium" at Oslo Cathedral School in 1881 and his "candidatus philologiæ" in Kristiania in the fall of 1889, Koren worked as a volunteer apprentice at the university library and a substitute at the National Archives. On February 20, 1891 he was appointed regional state archivist in Trondheim. In 1896 he succeeded Niels Peter Selmer Arentz as librarian at the library of the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters. It was Koren that acquired Thorvald Boeck's enormous book collection for the library in 1899. At that time, Boeck's collection was the largest in Norway, consisting of approximately 31,000 volumes.

paragraph: Koren was appointed national archivist of Norway on December 6, 1912. He assumed the duties on April 2, 1913, when he relocated to Oslo. As the national archivist, he prepared an archive technology program. He arranged to have new buildings created to house the Regional State Archives in Bergen in 1921 and the Regional State Archives in Trondheim in 1927, and also created new regional archives in Hamar in 1917 and in Kristiansand in 1930. Koren persuaded the Storting to approve construction of a new building for the National Archives in 1929.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fortegnelse over filologer, realister og mineraloger ved Norges Universitet 1813–1884" (Record of Philologists, Scientists, and Mineralogists at the University of Norway, 1813–1884), 1885

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Om kilder til Norges historie i middelalderen i engelske arkiver" (Sources of Norway's History in the Middle Ages in English Archives), 1893

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stamtavle over familien Koren", (The Ancestry of the Koren Family) 1898/1903

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Karter og topografiske tegninger vedk. Trondheim og Trøndelag" (Maps and Topographical Drawings Related to Trondheim and Trøndelag), 1899

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Trondhjem i gamle dage. Billeder i lystryk" (Trondhjem in the Old Days. Phototype Images), 1907

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hans Nissens og hustrus stiftelse og arbeidshus" (Hans Nissen and His Wife's Foundation and Workhouse), 1907

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Støren, Wilhelm. 1993. Bibliotekets ledere 1768–1993. In: "Til opplysning", pp. 38–40. Trondheim: Tapir. Digitalized at bokhylla.no

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kristian Brinch Koren at the National Archival Services of Norway

wikidata_label: Kristian Brinch Koren

wikipedia_title: Kristian Brinch Koren


text: Provençal

categories: French poets,1838 births,People from Saint-Rémy-de-Provence,1906 deaths

paragraph: Marius Girard

paragraph: Marius Girard (1838-1906) was a French poet. He composed poetry in French and Provençal.

description: French writer

wikidata_label: Marius Girard

wikipedia_title: Marius Girard


text:
Southwell
Southwell Minster
Milbank Penitentiary
Tate Gallery
Devizes New Bridewell
Fisherton Anger
Warneford Mental Hospital
Howard Colvin
Shelton
Early English
Ionic columns
Conock
Ordsall
portico
Revd John T Becher
Thurgaton Wapentake or Union
Devizes House of Correction
stucco
Warneford Mental Hospital
Rev J.T.Becher Heritage Trail

categories: 1777 births,English architects,19th-century English people,1838 deaths

paragraph: Richard Ingleman

paragraph: Richard Ingleman (1777-1838) was a surveyor and architect of Southwell in Nottinghamshire, England. Initially his architectural practice was based on the Southwell area, but he won widespread respect for his designs for the Southwell House of Correction (1807-8). This led to his gaining major commissions for prisons and mental hospitals, particularly in Wiltshire and at Oxford.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Richard Ingleman was the son of Francis Ingleman, a surveyor and builder of Southwell, and the grandson of Richard Ingleman, a mason who repaired Southwell Minster after a lightning strike in 1711. Richard Ingleman is first noted as a Surveyor to the fabric of Southwell Minster, a position he held from 1801 to 1808. In 1807 he designed the Southwell House of Correction, a prison which was seen as a model for other prisons. This operated the "silent system" which required the prisoners to work in groups and to remain silent at all times. This was to give him an interest in prison and institutional design. He entered unsuccessfully the competition in 1812 for the design of the Milbank Penitentiary which was to be built on the present site of the Tate Gallery. However he was successful in two other large prison projects, the rebuilding of Devizes New Bridewell and the Fisherton Anger House of Correction in Salisbury. The Devizes New Bridewell was started in 1810 and at the same time Ingleman started supervising the building of the Nottingham Lunatic Asylum. It was not until 1817 that he started on the Fisherton Anger House of Correction, but by this time he had been approached to design the Warneford Mental Hospital at Oxford. This was built between 1821 and 1826. In 1826 Ingleman wrote to the Trustees of the Warneford Hospital saying that he was now incapacitated by illness and asked for the final payment of £50 for the completion of the hospital. Ingleman does not appear to have undertaken any further architectural work after this date and he died at Southwell in 1838 at the age of 51.

paragraph: Howard Colvin notes that Ingleman's asylums were classical buildings of no special distinction, but the unexecuted plans he submitted for the re-building of Shelton Church, Nottinghamshire, were an essay in Early English style which were quite creditable for the time. He undertook some country house building and favoured the use of Ionic columns for porches and porticos. This is seen at Conock House near Devizes and at Ordsall Rectory (now Ordsall Hall) in Nottinghamshire, while he used massive Ionic columns for the portico to the Lawn Asylum in Lincoln.

paragraph: Section::::Architectural work.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Southwell Minster, Nottinghamshire. Repairs to the fabric 1801-5 including the removal of the two pyramid-shaped spires from the two western towers.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Assembly Rooms, Southwell, Nottinghamshire. These adjoin the Saracen’s Head.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Residence House, Southwell, alterations and improvements 1806-9.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The House of Correction, Southwell, Nottinghamshire. 1807. Extended in 1817.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Southwell Parish Workhouse 1808. A parish workhouse for 84 inmates in Moor Lane in Southwell in 1808. It was designed by the Revd John T Becher in association with a local architect, believed to be Richard Ingleman. Becher published the plan of the workhouse in 1828 in his book "The Anti-pauper System". When the Thurgaton Wapentake or Union workhouse was built in 1824 the building was no longer needed and it was converted into a Baptist Chapel.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Devizes House of Correction, Wiltshire, 1810-17. The prison was a polygon of brick and stone with the governor's building in the middle. There were 210 cells, 16 yards, 2 infirmaries and a chapel.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nottingham, The Lunatic Asylum, 1810-12.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Conock House, nr. Devizes, Wiltshire. Added Ionic porch and wings for E. Warriner in 1817.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ordsall Rectory (now Ordsall Hall), Nottinghamshire 1819. According to Pevsner: "A two storey stucco house of excellent proportions".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fisherton Anger Prison, Salisbury. 1817. This was the Wiltshire County Prison and plans survive in the Wiltshire County Record Office. The plans are No. 1. ground plan; no. 2. chamber plan; no. 3. attic plan; no. 4. elevation of the lodge: no. 5. elevation of the end of the Infirmary Wards, communication passages and central building. Only the central block survives today as New Radnor House.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Woodborough Prebend, Southwell, c. 1818. New frontage added to an earlier house.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Lawns, Mental Hospital, Lincoln. 1819-20.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Grammar School, Southwell, 1820. Erected on the site of the Chantry Priests house; remained in use until 1964.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rydd Court, Worcestershire.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Warneford Mental Hospital, Oxford, 1821-6. Originally known as the Oxford Lunatic Asylum, it later became known as The Radcliffe Asylum, and after 1843, as the Warneford Lunatic Asylum. It was intended for three classes of non-pauper patients who would pay for their care according to their financial circumstances.

paragraph: Section::::Literature.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Morrison K. (1999), "The Workhouse: A Study of Poor -Law Buildings in England", English Heritage/RCHME,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Parry-Jones B. (1976), "The Warneford Hospital, Oxford."

paragraph: BULLET::::- Smith R. (2015) "Nottinghamshire House of Correction, Southwell (1611-1880): A Model Institution: Essential History and Architectural Notes", Southwell and District Local History Society.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Summers N., "A Prospect of Southwell".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rev J.T.Becher Heritage Trail – leaflet by Southwell Tourism Partnership

wikidata_label: Richard Ingleman

wikipedia_title: Richard Ingleman


text: footballer

text: right back

text: Primeira Liga

text: Académica

text: Benfica

text: Sporting

text: New England Tea Men

text: Portugal international

text: Lisbon

text: Benfica

text: C.F. Benfica

text: the under-19 team

text: S.L. Benfica

text: Coimbra

text: Associação Académica

text: Primeira Liga

text: his first season

text: C.F. Os Belenenses

text: FC Porto

text: Sporting Clube de Portugal

text: Jimmy Hagan

text: Estádio das Antas

text: win the league

text: Vitória F.C.

text: Taça de Portugal

text: double

text: semi-final run

text: European Cup

text: Estádio da Luz

text: Taça de Honra

text: New England Tea Men

text: North American Soccer League

text: the season

text: stroke

text: G.D. Sesimbra

text: city hall

text: Portugal under-23 team

text: 1972 UEFA European Championship

text: caps

text: the full side

text: Cyprus

text: 1974 FIFA World Cup

text: qualifiers

text: Brazil Independence Cup

text: central defender

text: midfield

text: AFC Ajax

text: Ștefan Kovács

text: circulatory system

text: Primeira Liga

text: Taça de Portugal

text: Taça de Honra

text: Primeira Liga

text: Taça de Portugal

text: Portugal stats at Eu-Football

categories: Portuguese footballers,Expatriate soccer players in the United States,S.L. Benfica footballers,Associação Académica de Coimbra – O.A.F. players,Association football defenders,1950 births,Primeira Liga players,2016 deaths,Sporting CP footballers,Portugal under-21 international footballers,Portugal international footballers,North American Soccer League (1968–84) players,New England Tea Men players,Portuguese expatriate footballers,Sportspeople from Lisbon

paragraph: Artur Correia

paragraph: Artur Manuel Soares Correia (18 April 1950 – 25 July 2016) was a Portuguese footballer who played as a right back.

paragraph: Nicknamed "Ruço", he amassed Primeira Liga totals of 234 games and four goals during 12 seasons, representing Académica, Benfica and Sporting, winning eight major titles with the second club including five national championships. He also spent two years in the United States, with the New England Tea Men.

paragraph: Correia was a Portugal international for seven years, making his debut in 1972.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.

paragraph: Born in Lisbon, Correia grew up in the Santa Cruz neighbourhood of Benfica with four siblings, two brothers and two sisters. He first started at C.F. Benfica, before joining the under-19 team of S.L. Benfica in 1965, his boyhood club from which he had been a registered member since birth.

paragraph: In 1968, Correia moved to Coimbra to finish high-school and enrol into college, whilst at the same time competing for local Associação Académica also in the Primeira Liga. He only appeared in one game in his first season, but eventually asserted himself as a starter, gathering interest from C.F. Os Belenenses, FC Porto and Sporting Clube de Portugal.

paragraph: In 1971, Correia accepted an offer from Benfica as Jimmy Hagan acted as the club's manager. He made his debut on 12 September in a 3–1 win over Porto at the Estádio das Antas, going on to help his team win the league with a ten-point advantage over second-placed Vitória F.C. and beat Porto and Sporting in the Taça de Portugal, as the campaign ended with a domestic double and a semi-final run in the European Cup.

paragraph: During his six-year spell at the Estádio da Luz, Correia won five league titles, one Portuguese Cup and two Taça de Honra trophies. In the summer of 1977, during negotiations for a new contract, the management proposed him a pay cut, which he refused. Instead, Sporting president João Rocha offered him a better deal and the player traded clubs, as he explained: "I never thought of playing in Sporting, but it was the club that offered me the best deal. Benfica, basically, sent me away"; he played there for three years, winning the Portuguese Cup in 1977–78 and the league in 1979–80.

paragraph: In 1979, Correia joined the New England Tea Men from the North American Soccer League, playing there the first six months of the season and the final six at Sporting. On 23 September 1980, he suffered a stroke that left him permanently incapable of playing professional football; he remained connected with the sport, managing G.D. Sesimbra and Centro Desportivo Universitário de Lisboa and working for Lisbon's city hall.

paragraph: Section::::International career.

paragraph: Correia was part of the Portugal under-23 team in the unsuccessful qualification for the 1972 UEFA European Championship. He earned the first of his 34 caps for the full side on 10 May 1972, in a 1–0 win in Cyprus for the 1974 FIFA World Cup qualifiers.

paragraph: Correia represented his country in the Brazil Independence Cup, also in 1972. He was regularly called up until 1979, but failed to appear in any major competition.

paragraph: Section::::Style of play.

paragraph: Correia was described by João Tomaz and Fernando Arrobas as a modern-day right back, with the physical and technical qualities needed. He could also play as a left back, central defender and in the midfield. After playing against Benfica in the European Cup, AFC Ajax manager Ștefan Kovács praised his technical ability and winning mentality, and elected him as "the best right back in Europe."

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Correia's younger brother, Pedro, was also a footballer, playing for Benfica at youth level before moving to AD Guarda. The former was nicknamed "Ruço", due to his blonde hair.

paragraph: In June 2015, Correia had his left leg amputated because of problems related to his circulatory system. On 20 July of the following year, he suffered a second stroke that put him in a coma, and after five days in critical condition he died at the age of 66.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Benfica

paragraph: BULLET::::- Primeira Liga: 1971–72, 1972–73, 1974–75, 1975–76, 1976–77

paragraph: BULLET::::- Taça de Portugal: 1971–72

paragraph: BULLET::::- Taça de Honra: 1971–72, 1973–74

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sporting

paragraph: BULLET::::- Primeira Liga: 1979–80

paragraph: BULLET::::- Taça de Portugal: 1977–78

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: General

paragraph: Specific

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portugal stats at Eu-Football

description: Portuguese footballer

wikidata_label: Artur Correia

wikipedia_title: Artur Correia


text:
Marseilles
Toulon
Free French Naval Forces
Forces navales françaises libres
World War II
Vichy France
Cross of Lorraine
École Navale
Rally of Left Republicans
Adriatic
Albania
Toulon
Yser
aviso
Navy Cross
destroyer
"Ernest Renan"
battleship
"Voltaire"
"Bretagne"
Sidi-Abdalah
Tunisia
Marseilles
Painlevé
Clemenceau
vice-admiral
Darlan
École Navale
de Gaulle
Ship-of-the-Line Captain
Capitaine de Vaisseau
Thierry d'Argenlieu
Alexandria
coup d'état
Syria
Saint-Pierre and Miquelon
"Surcouf"
Halifax
Alain Savary
Algiers
General Giraud

categories: French Ministers of Merchant Marine,French Navy admirals,French military personnel of World War I,Military personnel of the Free French Naval Forces,1965 deaths,Grand Officiers of the Légion d'honneur,French military personnel of World War II,1882 births

paragraph: Émile Muselier

paragraph: Émile Henry Muselier (Marseilles, 17 April 1882 – Toulon, 2 September 1965) was a French admiral who led the Free French Naval Forces ("Forces navales françaises libres", or FNFL) during World War II. He was responsible for the idea of distinguishing his fleet from that of Vichy France by adopting the Cross of Lorraine, which later became the emblem of all of the Free French. After entering the French Naval Academy ("École Navale") in 1899, he embarked on a brilliant and eventful military career. He ran unsuccessfully in the legislative elections of 1946 as vice-president of the Rally of Left Republicans ("Rassemblement des gauches républicaines"), and then entered private life as a consulting engineer before his retirement in 1960. He is buried in the cemetery of St. Pierre, at Marseilles.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: Muselier's career started with a campaign in the Far East, several others in the Adriatic, one in Albania, which overlapped with a stay in Toulon. He also fought in Yser, Belgium as the head of a troop of marine fusilliers.

paragraph: Muselier received his first real command, of the aviso "Scape", in April 1918. For his service in World War I, Muselier was awarded the Navy Cross.

paragraph: This was followed by the command of the destroyer "Ouragan" in 1925, that of armoured cruiser "Ernest Renan" in 1927, then battleship "Voltaire" in 1930, and "Bretagne" in 1931.

paragraph: In 1933, Muselier, by then promoted to rear-admiral, became Major-General of the port of Sidi-Abdalah in Tunisia, where he wrote social commentaries such as "La Mie de Pain" ("the breadcrumb"). In 1938, he received command of the Navy and the defence sector of the city of Marseilles.

paragraph: Muselier had previously been attached to the cabinets of Painlevé and Clemenceau, then became chief of staff of the naval delegation to Germany.

paragraph: On 10 October 1939 Muselier was promoted to vice-admiral by Admiral Darlan, himself a former fellow student of the École Navale. Darlan retracted the promotion as of 21 November, following libelous charges ranged against Muselier. A similar incident occurred when Muselier was under the orders of General de Gaulle, whom he had rejoined as of 30 June 1940. He was, however, quickly cleared of the suspicions of treason which the British levelled at him on the base of false documents; this prompted the British Government to apologise.

paragraph: Section::::Role in the Free French.

paragraph: On 1 July 1940, General de Gaulle named Muselier commander of the Free French naval forces and, provisionally, commander of the air force; these roles were later confirmed in 1941 with the creation of the "Conseil national". The same day, Admiral Muselier wrote his own appeal, addressed to sailors and pilots. He assembled an embryonic General Staff with Ship-of-the-Line Captain ("Capitaine de Vaisseau") Thierry d'Argenlieu and the ship "Voisin", before leaving on a mission to Alexandria in order to attempt a "coup d'état" in Syria.

paragraph: In 1940, the Vichy government sentenced Muselier to death "in absentia" and confiscated all of his possessions. In 1941, it forfeited his French citizenship.

paragraph: Under orders of General De Gaulle, Muselier led the conquest of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon on 24 December 1941, unloading three French corvettes and the submarine cruiser "Surcouf" from Halifax and installing the "enseigne de vaisseau" Alain Savary as Commissaire of Free France. This feat of arms angered Roosevelt. De Gaulle had initially declined the suggestion of invasion made by Muselier, but had desired to affirm French sovereignty after learning of Canadian and British desires for the archipelago. This eventually led the admiral to resign of his post of Commissaire.

paragraph: Not especially loyal to De Gaulle, Admiral Muselier was let down two years later, in Algiers, because of serious political divergences. Preferring to answer under General Giraud, he served as the transitory civil and military person in charge for Algiers in June 1943, and had even appeared to act as the head of an anti-Gaullist putsch, before General De Gaulle became head of the French Committee of National Liberation ("Comité français de la Libération nationale") on 3 June.

paragraph: After having been the chief of the naval delegation to the military Mission for German Affairs, he retired from the navy in 1946.

description: French admiral

wikidata_label: Émile Muselier

wikipedia_title: Émile Muselier


text:
Jundiai
São Paulo
União São João
Palmeiras
Fluminense
Comercial-Ribeirão Preto
São Paulo State Championship
Rio de Janeiro State Championship
Rio São Paulo Tournament
Brazilian team
1938 FIFA World Cup
Leônidas
Domingos
José Perácio

categories: Fluminense FC players,Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras players,Brazilian footballers,Brazil international footballers,Association football forwards,1911 births,1971 deaths,1938 FIFA World Cup players,Brazilian people of Italian descent

paragraph: Romeu Pellicciari

paragraph: Romeu Pellicciari, also known as Romeu (born in Jundiai, March 26, 1911 – died in São Paulo, July 15, 1971) was an association footballer in striker role.

paragraph: By Italian origins, during his career (1928–1944) he played for União São João, Palmeiras, Fluminense and Comercial-Ribeirão Preto, and won four São Paulo State Championship (1932, 1933, 1934 and 1942), five Rio de Janeiro State Championship (1936, 1937, 1938, 1940 and 1941), one Rio São Paulo Tournament in 1933 and won top goalscorer São Paulo State Championship in 1934. For Brazilian team who have participated at 1938 FIFA World Cup placed at third place, played four matches and scored three goals. With Leônidas, Domingos and José Perácio, forming one of the most valuable four-striker team of the 1930s. He died at 60 years old.

description: Brazilian footballer

wikidata_label: Romeu Pellicciari

wikipedia_title: Romeu Pellicciari


text: Ki no Tsurayuki

text: Kokinshū

text: Heian period

text: Six best Waka poets

categories: Classical Japan,Year of birth unknown,Hyakunin Isshu poets,Year of death unknown,Japanese poets

paragraph: Kisen

paragraph: When Ki no Tsurayuki wrote the of the "Kokinshū", he selected Kisen as one of the whose work was to be considered as superior. Tsurayuki says the following to comment on Kisen's work.

paragraph: Kisen is sometimes said to be the author of the poetry collection (also known as the ), but it is probably apocryphal and created well after the end of the Heian period.

paragraph: The following two of Kisen are the only poems that can be confidently traced back to him.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Six best Waka poets

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- This article is based on material from the equivalent article in the Japanese Wikipedia.

alias:
Kisen Hōshi
Kisen Hoshi
Priest Kisen

description: Japanese poet

wikidata_label: Kisen

wikipedia_title: Kisen


text: The Hague

text: Berlin

text: Dutch Golden Age

text: Houbraken

text: Robbert Duval

text: Augustinus Terwesten

text: Count of Hoorn

text: Anthony de Haen

text: Confrerie Pictura

categories: Artists from The Hague,1678 deaths,Dutch male painters,Court painters,Dutch Golden Age painters,1640 births

paragraph: Nicolaes Willingh

paragraph: Nicolaes Willingh (1640, The Hague – 1678, Berlin), was a Dutch Golden Age painter.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: According to Houbraken he was the teacher of Robbert Duval and Augustinus Terwesten. According to Jan van Gool, who was curious about Houbraken's "teacher of Robbert Duval and Augustinus Terwesten", he was born in the Hague and made a name for himself working for the "Grave van Hoorn" ("Count of Hoorn").

paragraph: He died in Berlin in 1689.

paragraph: According to the RKD he was the brother-in-law of Anthony de Haen, father of Pieter Willingh, and member of the Confrerie Pictura in the Hague. He became court painter to Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg in 1667, and his pupils were Robbert Duval, Louis Michiel, and Augustinus Terwesten I. He is known for landscapes and historical allegories.

alias:
Nicolaes Willing
Nicolaes Wielings
Nicolas Wielling
Nicolaes Wieling
Nicolaes Weeling
Nicolaes Willings
De Willing
N. Willing
N. Willingh
Willings
Wielings
N. Willings

description: Dutch Golden Age painter

wikidata_label: Nicolaes Willingh

wikipedia_title: Nicolaes Willingh


text:
Indianapolis
Herron Art Institute
Roda Selleck
Otto Stark
J. Ottis Adams
William Forsyth
Clifton Wheeler
Rudolf Schwarz
George Julian Zolnay
New York
Isidore Konti
Paris
Charles Despiau
James Whitcomb Riley
Greenfield, Indiana
Murphy Memorial Drinking Fountain
Pan
Syrinx
Syrinx
The Bird Boy

categories: 20th-century American sculptors,Artists from Indianapolis,American women sculptors,1934 deaths,20th-century American women artists,1882 births,Herron School of Art and Design faculty

paragraph: Myra Reynolds Richards

paragraph: Myra Reynolds Richards (31 January 1882 – 1934) was an American sculptor and teacher. Born in Indianapolis, she studied at the Herron Art Institute in Indianapolis mainly under Mary Y. Robinson, Roda Selleck, and Otto Stark, but also with J. Ottis Adams, William Forsyth, Clifton Wheeler, Rudolf Schwarz, and George Julian Zolnay. She also studied in New York under Isidore Konti and in Paris with Charles Despiau at the Académie Scandinave.

paragraph: Richards taught at the Herron Art Institute in Indianapolis.

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- James Whitcomb Riley statue, Hancock County Courthouse, Greenfield, Indiana, 1918

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Murphy Memorial Drinking Fountain", at the Carroll County Courthouse, 1918

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pan", 1923. Richards' Pan was stolen in 1970 and the current work is a replacement.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Syrinx", 1923. Richards' Syrinx was stolen in 1959 and the current statue is a replacement.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Bird Boy", 1924, at the Columbus Central Middle School

description: American artist

wikidata_label: Myra Reynolds Richards

wikipedia_title: Myra Reynolds Richards


text:
Hanau-Münzenberg
Philipp II
Juliana of Stolberg
Reichskammergericht
William "the Rich"
Johann IV
Nassau-Dillenburg
Balthasar of Hanau-Münzenberg
Solms-Hohensolms-Lich
Reinhard of Hanau-Münzenberg
Mainz
Ingolstadt
Grand Tour
Antwerp
Mechelen
Leuven
Brussels
Breda
Strasbourg
Bouxwiller
Orléans
Bourges
Reformation
sermon
Gospel
Jus commune
Reinhard
Naumburg Castle
Naumburg Abbey
Wetterau
Jus patronatus
Bruchköbel
Oberissigheim
Hanau City Castle
Fortress Hanau
Turkish War
Karl V
Ferdinand I
Diet of Augsburg
Archbishopric of Mainz
Bishopric of Würzburg
Renaissance
Countess Palatine Helena of Simmern
Philipp Ludwig I
Dorothea
Maria
coats of arms
weathering

categories: 1561 deaths,1529 births,Counts of Hanau-Münzenberg

paragraph: Philipp III, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg

paragraph: Count Phillip III of Hanau-Münzenberg (30 November 1526 – 14 November 1561) ruled the County of Hanau-Münzenberg from 1529 until his death.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was the second son of Philipp II (born: 17 August 1501; died: 28 March 1529) and his wife, Countess Juliana of Stolberg (born: 15 February 1506; died: 18 June 1580). Philipp III's elder brother died young; Philipp III was only three years old when he inherited the county. His mother and relatives petitioned the Reichskammergericht to establish a regency council. The council consisted of:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Countess Juliana of Stolberg, Philipp III's mother

paragraph: BULLET::::- Count William "the Rich" of Nassau-Dillenburg. He was Philipp's first cousin twice removed (a grandson of Johann IV, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, Philipp's great-great-grandfather). He married Philipp's mother during the regency.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Count Balthasar of Hanau-Münzenberg, Philipp's uncle (a younger brother of Philipp II). He appears to have done most of the work in the council, however, he died in 1534.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Count Reinhard I of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich, Philipp's first cousin once removed.

paragraph: There was a problem: Philipp II had demanded that his younger brother Balthasar would waive his claims on Hanau-Münzenberg before he could become a regent. A deed to this effect had been prepared, but Philipp II had died before he could seal the deed. It was argued that this deed was not legally valid, because it had not been sealed, and that Balthasar therefore had a claim to rule Hanau-Münzenberg himself and that this potential claim stood in the way of his becoming a regent. This problem was resolved by arguing that Philipp II, by not sealing the deed before his death, had implicitly withdrawn his demand.

paragraph: Philipp III and his younger brother Reinhard of Hanau-Münzenberg studied at the universities of Mainz and Ingolstadt. They then made a Grand Tour to Antwerp, Mechelen, Leuven, Brussels, Breda and Strasbourg and then to Buchsweiler (now: Bouxwiller in France), the "capital" of Hanau-Lichtenberg, where they visited their relatives. From Buchsweiler, they travelled to France, where they studied at Orléans and Bourges.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.:Reformation.

paragraph: During his reign — in fact, while the regency council was ruling on his behalf — the Reformation took hold in the County of Hanau-Münzenberg. Among his regency council, his uncle Balthasar was supporting the reformation, while Count Reinhard I of Solms-Lich-Hohensolms was opposed to it. Initially, the reformation was introduced gradually: when church staff retired, their successor would be a Lutheran. As early as 1523, the pastor Adolf Arborgast was includeded in the chapter of the St. Mary's church. When he was appointed, he explained that he wanted to spend little effort on vespers and the daily mass, but would instead concentrate on his sermons and putting forward the Gospel. The real reformer of Hanau was his successor Philipp Neunheller MA; during his time in office, the new faith gained more and more ground. The Catholic faith was never officially banned. The number of Catholic priests steadily decreased, as they were not replaced when they retired.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.:Ruling on his own.

paragraph: In 1544, Count Philipp was declared an adult, although he was only 18 years old and the age of consent was 25 under the Jus commune. Apparently, his guardians wanted to liberate themselves from this annoying task, even if they still had to act as guardians for Philipp's younger brother Reinhard.

paragraph: In 1561, Count Philipp III purchased Naumburg Castle, the former Naumburg Abbey in Wetterau, including the Jus patronatus of Bruchköbel, Oberissigheim and Kesselstadt, villages within the county of Hanau-Münzenberg.

paragraph: During his reign, the renovation of Hanau City Castle and the construction of Fortress Hanau were completed. He also paid the imperial tax for the Turkish War.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.:Inheriting Rieneck.

paragraph: Count Philipp III of Rieneck co-operated closely with Count Philipp III of Hanau-Münzenberg on the issue of the Reformation and on other issue. As it was foreseeable that the Count of Rienieck would die without a male heir, he asked Emperor Karl V for permission to bequeath Rieneck to Hanau. Permission was granted in 1555. One argument used for this permission was the similarity between the coats of arms of Rieneck and Hanau, which suggested that they had from a common ancestor, which was actually not the case.

paragraph: Since Emperor Karl V abdicated in the same year, Count Philipp III of Hanau-Münzenberg attempted to ask his successor Emperor Ferdinand I to confirm the permission at the Diet of Augsburg of 1558. He had, however, forgotten to bring the charter sealed by Karl, to that Ferdinand could not confirm it. Philipp III of Rieneck died on 3 September 1559, before this error could be corrected. His territory fell back to the Archbishopric of Mainz and the Bishopric of Würzburg. Philipp III of Hanau could only inherit the coat of arms and the title of "Count of Rieneck".

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Count Philipp III died on 14 November 1561 after six years of illness and was buried before the high altar of the St. Mary's Church in Hanau on the right side. Two Renaissance epitaphs, for Philipp and his wife, were created by Johann von Trarbach and mounted on the southern wall of the choir. These epitaphs were preserved until this day.

paragraph: The Counts of Hanau-Münzenberg usually died between the ages of 20 and 40, leaving an underage son as their successor. Presumably, they suffered from some hereditary disease - which disease is unknown. Nine successive counts died of a disease before the age of 40; this is unlikely to be a coincidence.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and issue.

paragraph: On 22 November 1551 Count Philipp III married Countess Palatine Helena of Simmern. They had five children:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Philipp Ludwig I (21 November 1553 – 4 February 1580).

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Dorothea (4 February 1556 – September 1638), married firstly Count Anton of Oldenburg and secondly Count Volrad of Gleichen-Kranichfeld-Ehrenstein-Blankenhain.

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Reinhard Wilhelm (28 September 1557 – 17 February 1558); he was buried in the choir of the St. Mary's Church in Hanau.

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Johann Philipp (6 November 1559 – 22 April 1560), also buried in the choir of St. Mary's Church in Hanau

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Maria (20 January 1562 – 15 February 1605), born posthumously, died unmarried.

paragraph: The coats of arms of Count Philipp III and Countess Palatine Helena of Simmern can be seen at the main entrance to St. Mary's Church in Hanau — unfortunately, due to environmental weathering, they are in a poor condition.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Adrian Willem Eliza Dek: "De Afstammelingen van Juliana van Stolberg tot aan het jaar van de vrede van Munster", Zaltbommel, 1968.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reinhard Dietrich: "Die Landesverfassung in dem Hanauischen", in: "Hanauer Geschichtsblätter", vol. 34, Hanau, 1996, .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reinhard Suchier: "Genealogie des Hanauer Grafenhauses", in: "Festschrift des Hanauer Geschichtsvereins zu seiner fünfzigjährigen Jubelfeier am 27. August 1894", Hanau, 1894.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reinhard Suchier: "Die Grabmonumente und Särge der in Hanau bestatteten Personen aus den Häusern Hanau und Hessen", in: "Programm des Königlichen Gymnasiums zu Hanau", Hanau 1879, pp. 1–56.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ernst J. Zimmermann: "Hanau Stadt und Land", 3rd ed., Hanau, 1919, reprinted 1978.

description: Count of Hanau-Münzenberg

wikidata_label: Philip III, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg

wikipedia_title: Philipp III, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg


text:
flautist
traditional music
Madagascar
Antananarivo
sodina
Malagasy
Philibert Tsiranana
Charles de Gaulle
ariary
famadihana
Antananarivo
Fianarantsoa
Merina
royal court
colonization of Madagascar
sodina
Borneo
central highlands
Mahamasina stadium
Charles de Gaulle
Philibert Tsiranana
Prime Minister
president of Madagascar
International Festival of Algiers
Didier Ratsiraka
Ben Mandelson
Feo Gasy
Erick Manana
famadihana
circumcision
national team
hira gasy
Manu Dibango
David Lindley
Henry Keiser
Kassav'
Ladysmith Black Mambazo
Ornette Coleman
Ian Anderson
Jethro Tull
John Coltrane
Billy Pigg
Miles Davis
Malagasy franc
ariary
lamba
hira gasy
Mahajanga
Toamasina
Mahaleo
Moramanga
customary dish
Music of Madagascar

categories: Malagasy musicians,1923 births,2001 deaths

paragraph: Rakoto Frah

paragraph: Philibert Rabezoza (1923 – 29 September 2001), better known by the name Rakoto Frah, was a flautist and composer of traditional music of the central highlands of Madagascar. Born in 1923 near the capital city of Antananarivo to a poor rural family, Rakoto Frah surmounted the challenges posed by his underprivileged origins to become the most acclaimed 20th century performer of the "sodina" flute, one of the oldest traditional instruments on the island. Through frequent international concerts and music festival performances, he promoted the music of the highlands of Madagascar and became one of the most famous Malagasy artists, both within Madagascar and on the world music scene.

paragraph: After gaining regional recognition for his sodina skills as a youth, Rakoto Frah rose to national fame in 1958 when he was selected by Malagasy President Philibert Tsiranana to perform on the sodina for the visiting French president Charles de Gaulle. This event launched his career as a professional musician. He first played at traditional ceremonies around the country, then expanded his performances from 1967 to include participation in international music competitions and festivals. His popularity declined in the 1970s but underwent a revival that began in the mid-1980s and continued until his death in 2001. During this period Rakoto Frah recorded ten albums, toured extensively in Madagascar and overseas, was featured in two French documentaries, and collaborated with a variety of international and Malagasy artists. Over the course of his career he recorded over 800 original compositions. Rakoto Frah and his sodina were depicted on the 200 ariary Malagasy banknote in honor of his key role in revitalizing and internationally popularizing the sodina. Despite the artist's worldwide acclaim, he lived simply and died having earned little from his lifetime of musicianship. His death was widely mourned and marked by a state funeral, and in 2011 a "famadihana" (the Malagasy highland "turning of the bones" funerary tradition) was organized to celebrate the artist's life.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early years.

paragraph: Philibert Rabezoza was born in 1923 in Ankadinandriana, a suburb of Antananarivo. His mother was born in Antananarivo and his father, a herdsman and farmer from Fianarantsoa, had previously been a singer at the Merina royal court before the colonization of Madagascar in 1897. Both of Philibert's parents were already aged at the time of his birth and they struggled to care for their new son alongside his six brothers and four sisters. As a child, Philibert assisted his family with looking after the livestock and farming their plot of land. In his early years he was given the nickname Rakoto by an older brother of the same name.

paragraph: Like many residents of the rural areas in central Madagascar at that time, Rakoto's brothers played the "sodina", an end-blown tube traditionally made of bamboo or reed with three or six finger holes and a thumb hole down its length. One of the oldest and most iconic musical instruments in Madagascar, it is believed to have arrived on the island with the earliest settlers from Borneo around 2,000 years ago and remains widespread throughout the central highlands. Young Rakoto began playing the sodina when he was seven years old. He honed his skills by listening to village elders' sodina performances, and three years later the boy formed a small musical group called Ambohijatobe that performed locally at traditional festivities. During this period Rakoto had the opportunity to participate in a community musical competition. His competitors, who performed on accordions and guitars, threw stones at Rakoto when he stepped forward to perform on the sodina. Despite being struck in the face he completed his performance and was awarded first prize. In 1935 he was nominated by the local governor to represent his district in a national musical competition organized by the French colonial authority at Mahamasina stadium in Antananarivo. That same year Rakoto was orphaned at the age of 12, preventing him from further pursuing an education in the interest of earning a livelihood. A Frenchman hired the boy to work as an assistant baker until he came of age. Upon reaching adulthood, Rakoto left the bakery to become a metalworker while continuing to perform on the sodina in musical ensembles.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Rise to prominence.

paragraph: Rakoto's opportunity for national fame arrived with the 1958 visit of French President Charles de Gaulle to Madagascar. The visit was in conjunction with the dissolution of colonial status and naming of Philibert Tsiranana as Prime Minister, part of the island's transition to full independence in 1960. Tsiranana had previously seen the flutist perform and invited Rakoto and his group of 18 musicians to accompany de Gaulle and perform traditional pieces during a portion of the French statesman's walking tour through the capital city of Antananarivo. Following this performance, Rakoto dedicated himself full-time to a career in music, performing regularly at traditional celebrations on the island. Tsiranana, who became president of Madagascar two years later, was the first to refer to the artist as Rakoto "Frah", the name that the musician would use for the rest of his career.

paragraph: International recognition of Rakoto Frah and his performance of traditional sodina music began with his first overseas voyage to Algeria in 1967. The artist led a troupe of 18 Malagasy musicians selected to represent the island's various ethnic groups at the International Festival of Algiers. Among the 80 competitors hailing from a variety of countries, Rakoto Frah's troupe won the gold medal. This success was followed by performances in Japan, England, the United States, India, Germany, China, Norway, Finland, Australia and France, making him one of the first musicians to perform traditional Malagasy music at music festivals and concerts outside of Madagascar. At these performances, he was often accompanied by supporting musicians under the group name Orchestre Nationale. By exposing international audiences to sodina performances, Rakoto Frah promoted the instrument and the traditional musical heritage of Madagascar across the globe. The government of President Tsirananana fell into disfavor and was overturned in 1972, and Rakoto Frah's close association with the unpopular former head of state led the artist to be marginalized for the first half of the administration of his successor, Didier Ratsiraka (1975–1993).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Renewed popularity.

paragraph: In 1985, producers Ben Mandelson and Roger Armstrong visited Madagascar in search of artists to record for a planned album of Malagasy music. Rakoto Frah soon came to their attention, and they offered him a full-length album of his own. Two of Rakoto Frah's granddaughters provided vocals for this album, which was entitled "Rakoto Frah: Flute Master of Madagascar." From the mid-1980s onward, Rakoto Frah enjoyed a revival in popularity, particularly among the youth, many of whom were seeking to reconnect with the traditions of their elders. In addition to recording numerous tracks and albums of his own, the flutist often appeared as a guest artist on the albums of others. Rakoto Frah again became one of the most famous and respected musicians within Madagascar and among the most recognized Malagasy performers in the world music circuit.

paragraph: Rakoto Frah released a series of albums and performed internationally throughout the 1990s. The "World Out of Time" compilation, recorded and produced by David Lindley and Henry Kaiser in 1991, featured him alongside a variety of other performers of the island's diverse musical genres and instruments; two further compilations with Lindley and Kaiser followed in 1993 and 1994. In 1994 Rakoto Frah performed with the Malagasy All Stars on their tour of Germany. The following year he experienced a further increase in national and international prominence as a founding member of the group Feo Gasy, which also featured the internationally acclaimed Malagasy guitarist and singer-songwriter Erick Manana. Together the band recorded two albums: "Ramano" in 1996 and "Tsofy Rano" in 1999. Malagasy guitarist Solo Razafindrakoto produced Rakoto Frah's "Souffles de Vie" in 1998, and Rakoto Frah's final album, "Chants et danses en Imerina", was released in October 2000.

paragraph: Despite his popularity, the artist earned very little from his musical career. This was in part due to weak enforcement of copyright laws in Madagascar, which enabled the profits from illegally copied albums to go directly to pirates. Throughout his career as a professional musician he lived in the poor neighborhood of Anatihazo-Isotry in Antananarivo with 30 members of his family. There he produced instruments and provided lessons in sodina performance. In the later years of his life, Rakoto Frah had over 80 students at any given time. He was also a respected source of counsel in the neighborhood and was frequently visited by community members seeking his wisdom and advice. When based in Madagascar, the artist regularly accepted paid offers to perform on the sodina at traditional events such as "famadihana" (the Malagasy highland "turning of the bones" funerary tradition), circumcision ceremonies, weddings, engagement ceremonies, and traditional festivals held to celebrate the first rice harvest of the year. These events could last up to seven days, including performances throughout the night, and often required several days of travel to arrive at the site. Rakoto Frah was an avid fan of rugby, and he and his ensemble would regularly perform flute and drum music at national team matches. His final international festival performance was the Festival de Langon held in France in August 2001.

paragraph: Rakoto Frah died on 29 September 2001 in the Ravoahangy Andrianavalona hospital of Antananarivo following heart problems and a lung infection. In the days following his death, the Malagasy government organized a public celebration in his honor at Mahamasina stadium. His body was laid in the family tomb in his home village of Ankadinandriana on 3 October.

paragraph: Section::::Style.

paragraph: Rakoto Frah performed traditional "vakindrazana" and "vazikoava" pieces for sodina, commonly heard at a variety of holidays and rites observed in the central highlands of Madagascar. The music accompanying the famadihana reburial ceremonies of the central highlands, for instance, is typically performed by an ensemble of sodina players accompanied by the "amponga" drum. These sodina performances, which express the joy of reuniting with the ancestors, are often competitive. More than one troupe may be present at the famadihana and will take turns showing off their musical skills, with the rapid flight of notes intended to inspire dancing over the course of the entire day or week of the celebration. The rural artistic tradition of the "hira gasy" is equally joyful but more elaborate, showcasing the music, dance and oratory skills of a large troupe that includes male and female vocalists, drums, sodina, and a variety of orchestral instruments such as clarinets, trumpets and violins.

paragraph: Although he learned his repertoire by listening to elders perform traditional pieces, Rakoto Frah often performed personalized variations and interpreted the traditional airs in original ways. The themes addressed in his songs ranged from serious to light-hearted and could touch on social concerns, behavior and the description of places. Rakoto Frah used both traditional flutes and those he crafted himself using diverse locally available materials. These included flutes crafted from sections of metal ski poles, PVC pipes and plastic curtain rods. He was never known to be without a flute and was widely respected for his musical virtuosity and his kindness alike. Rakoto Frah described music the most important element of life, even more important to him than his own family. Over the course of his career, the artist produced more than 800 pieces of instrumental and vocal music.

paragraph: Several collaborations between Rakoto Frah and other international artists have been recorded. Rakoto Frah is featured on tracks recorded with Manu Dibango, jazz artists David Lindley and Henry Keiser, Kassav', and Ladysmith Black Mambazo, whom he met while performing in India. As a musician who played by ear, he would join an ongoing performance by listening carefully to determine the key of the song. The American composer and jazz saxophonist Ornette Coleman described Rakoto Frah as having "some of the best phrasing of any musician in the world". He was also cited as a key influence by Ian Anderson, the flutist and leader of 1970s British rock group Jethro Tull. In the liner notes for the 1991 compilation "A World Out of Time", producers David Lindley and Henry Kaiser expressed their admiration for the artist, stating: "He is one of the most amazing master musicians and individuals that we have ever met. His mastery of the sodina is on a level that you could only compare to great, western instrumental masters like John Coltrane, Ornette Coleman, Billy Pigg or Miles Davis. Rakoto Frah certainly seems to know mysterious things about the phrasing of melodies that nobody else knows." Contemporary Malagasy artists performing in diverse genres ranging from heavy metal and hip hop to jazz and the traditional "mangaliba" have cited the sodina master as an inspiration and legend in the pantheon of Malagasy cultural figures.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Over the course of his life, Rakoto Frah was commemorated by fellow artists and by the government of Madagascar, which issued him numerous awards and commendations throughout his career. The design for the 1,000 Malagasy franc (200 ariary) banknote first printed by the Central Bank in 1983 depicted Rakoto Frah dressed in a traditional straw hat and "lamba" and playing the sodina. He is the only artist to have been featured on a Malagasy banknote. According to a representative of the Central Bank, the artist was selected because he was the most representative of the Malagasy identity. After the Rakoto Frah banknote design was discontinued in the 1990s it became a rare collector's item valued in 2011 at over 100,000 ariary, more than 500 times its face value. The artist was also invited by international filmmakers to feature in two French films: the Madagascar documentary "L'Ile Rouge" released in 1992 by French director Jean-Michel Carré, and an eponymous documentary about the artist himself, produced by director Camille Marchand in 1997.

paragraph: The legacy of Rakoto Frah remains strong over a decade after his death. In 2011, ten years after his death, a series of commemorative events were organized in Madagascar to celebrate his life and music. In May 2011 a discussion panel and debate were organized around the themes of traditional culture and heritage. In June, a Catholic mass and a half-day "hira gasy" performance were held in his honor and a three-day gallery exposition was organized to commemorate his life and work. Regional cabarets were organized in Mahajanga and Toamasina by his former group Feo Gasy, his sons' group Rakoto Frah Junior and traditional musical group Telofangady. September was marked by the unveiling of an opus specially composed in his honor, and a tribute concert at Mahamasina stadium featuring artists such as Dama of Mahaleo, Ricky, Samoëla and Faly Ralanto, as well as Telofangady, Rakoto Frah Junior, and Feo Gasy. On 28 October 2011 the Ministry of Culture renamed a street in the capital city after him. These events culminated in a famadihana that the artist's friends and family organized for Rakoto Frah at Ambohijatobe in Ankadinandriana. The event, which was attended by a state minister and numerous artists like Rakoto Frah Junior and Haja Telofangady, included performances by Fafah of Mahaleo, Faly, Ralanto, Ra-Jean Knack, Randrianasolo Raymond Zanany, Raozy Milalao of Toamasina and Solo Ra-Jean of Moramanga. According to custom, the remains of Rakoto Frah (affectionately called "Dadakoto" among his inner circle) were removed from the tomb to be wrapped in fresh silk shrouds. A new sodina was tucked into the cloth to replace the deteriorated one originally buried with him. The customary dish of "vary be menaka" (rice cooked with oil and pork) was served and musicians performed pieces of the traditional genre which the artist had so often played at the famadihana ceremonies of others.

paragraph: In November 2012, several of Rakoto Frah's adult children launched the "École Rakoto Frah Junior" ("Rakoto Frah Junior School") initiative in November 2012 to continue the artist's work as an educator of sodina performance. The informal cultural school organized lessons in sodina performance for 50 students at the community center in the artist's former neighborhood of Isotry and awarded certificates of completion to 31 graduates on 16 December with plans to continue training further cohorts of sodina players.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Music of Madagascar

description: Flutist

wikidata_label: Rakoto Frah

wikipedia_title: Rakoto Frah


text:
composer
guitarist
music producer
Venezuela
soul music
hip hop
funk
reggae
Netherlands
Montevideo
Uruguay
Amsterdam
Dynamo Open Air
Rockpalast
Rocknacht
Bizzare Festival
Wacken Open Air
VPRO
The Music Factory
Brainpower
Ledisi
Bath Spa University
North Sea Jazz Festival
Alain Clark
Ali B op volle toeren
Ben Cramer
Bonnie St.Claire
Henny Vrienten
Willeke Alberti
Anneke Grönloh
Alain Clark
Alain Clark
Live it Out
Official Website
Twitter
Discogs

categories: Dutch male guitarists,Dutch heavy metal guitarists,1970 births,People from Montevideo,Uruguayan guitarists,21st-century guitarists,Living people

paragraph: Pablo Minoli

paragraph: Pablo Cesar Minoli Dominguez (born April 9, 1970) is a composer, guitarist and music producer. He was one of the founders of Venezuelan metal band Laberinto and D-Compose and performed with soul music, hip hop, funk and reggae artists throughout the Netherlands.

paragraph: It is currently one of the metal band's members Seita, of Netherlands.

paragraph: Pablo Minoli was born in Montevideo, Uruguay. He moved to Venezuela with his parents when he was a teenager, but they moved back to Uruguay a few years later.

paragraph: Pablo only stayed in Uruguay for a little while and then moved to Venezuela by himself where he studied guitar at the Roland Music Academy in Caracas from 1986 - 1990.

paragraph: In 1992 he moved to Amsterdam where he still lives.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Laberinto.

paragraph: He formed the band Laberinto in 1989 in Venezuela together with Marco Toro Bernal (drums), Raymundo Ceballos (vocals), Gregorio Rangel (bass), Miguel Padron (percussion). In 1992 they move to Amsterdam where they struggle to live from their own music. They form a coverband called Santanico to make money that way.

paragraph: But after appearing in a TV show they join an agency and start getting more bookings. Their first CD "Laberinto" appears in 1995, released by themselves and gets good reviews. They start touring Europe in Hungry, Germany, Switzerland, England, Belgium and Italy.

paragraph: Laberinto signs with record company Mascot Records in 1996 for their second album Priority. They tour in England, Switzerland, Italy, Denmark and Belgium and they play festivals like Dynamo Open Air (1997), Borec Trinec Festival (Czech Republic), WDR Rockpalast, Rocknacht, Bizzare Festival, Wacken Open Air, WaldRock.

paragraph: They did Radio- and TV specials in Germany, Venezuela and the Netherlands (VPRO's Lola da Musica and TMF -The Music Factory).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Accident.

paragraph: In 1997 Minoli was hospitalized at the intensive care for three weeks after an accident on May 24 at his apartment. A fire made him jump out of the window on the second floor. His recovery went well and soon he could rejoin Laberinto. Throughout Amsterdam benefits were organized by musicians to help him with the hospital bills.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Since 2004.

paragraph: In 2004 Minoli left Laberinto to explore new options.

paragraph: He founded the extreme metal band D-Compose and tours in Italy, Poland, Germany and Czech Republic.

paragraph: He performs with Brainpower, Big Boy Caprice, Junior Tecla, Ledisi, Shirma Rouse, Maikal X, Strawl and The Cousins and Hind (amongst others).

paragraph: In 1996 he joins an acoustic project of John van der Veer: the Ark and performs at festivals like the International Guitar festival (Bath Spa University- England) and The Sage (New Castle, England). With Big Boy Caprice he performs at the North Sea Jazz Festival in 2006.

paragraph: He also starts doing studio work with several artists. For Alain Clark he records guitar for Alain's album "Live it Out" and co-writes "Go There" featured on the same album.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Ali B op Volle Toeren.

paragraph: In 2010 Pablo is asked to join the Ali B op volle toeren project. The concept of the TV-show involves making a new interpretation of old, famous Dutch songs. The songs get re-written by “The Sleepless” (Pablo Minoli, Pablo Penton and Brownie Dutch): every song including Ali B and a guest rapper. They worked with: Ben Cramer, Dennie Christian, Bonnie St.Claire, Henny Vrienten, Lenny Khur, Willeke Alberti and Anneke Grönloh; all big names in the Netherlands. The show wins awards like “Positive Young Media Award” and gets an honor full mention at the Silver Nipkow awards. Also a CD/DVD has been released. A second season of ABOVT is scheduled for November 2011.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Alain Clark.

paragraph: After earlier studio sessions in 2007, Pablo Minoli, Pablo Penton and Alain Clark join together in the studio for Alain's new album that releases May 18, 2012. Together they compose 13 songs for the 16 track album. Pablo Minoli also takes care of the guitar parts for the album, joined by Rogier Wagenaar and Alain Clark.

paragraph: The album was presented on May 14, 2012, in Panama (club) in Amsterdam.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portadas - Laberinto (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Priority - Laberinto (1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Freakeao - Laberinto (1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Another Style - Laberinto (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Laberinto Live - Laberinto (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Década - Laberinto (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ancestral Inhuman Thoughtless - D-Compose (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Separate Chain reaction - Laberinto (2006)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Guest appearances.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997: "Go There" (from Alain Clark album "Live it Out")

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006: "Movin On" - Corey

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004: "A Tribute to Carlos" - Santanico

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005: "The Ark" - John van der Veer

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005: "Barrio Latino" - Toro Ensemble

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Twitter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Discogs

description: Urugayan musician

wikidata_label: Pablo Minoli

wikipedia_title: Pablo Minoli


text: African-American

text: Pittsburgh Courier

text: Ahoskie

text: North Carolina

text: Winton, North Carolina

text: Virginia Union University

text: Western University of Pennsylvania

text: University of Pittsburgh

text: Gettysburg

text: Pennsylvania

text: Pittsburgh Courier

text: Cumberland Willis Posey Sr.

text: circulation

text: Jim Crow

text: Frogs

text: George Schuyler

text: H.L. Mencken

text: Pullman Company

text: Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters

text: W. E. B. Du Bois

text: Calvin Coolidge

text: Houston Riot

text: James Weldon Johnson

text: Garland Fund

text: Franklin D. Roosevelt

text: United States Armed Forces

text: Thurgood Marshall

text: Congressman Fish

text: racial discrimination

text: party realignment

text: Democrats

text: Lincoln

text: Homer Cummings

text: Homewood Cemetery

text: Allegheny County, Pennsylvania

text: Liberty Ship

text: Portland, Maine

text: 1939 New York World's Fair

text: Virginia Union University

text: African-American business history

text: Digital edition

categories: Businesspeople from Pittsburgh,Journalists from Pennsylvania,Burials at Homewood Cemetery,American newspaper editors,1940 deaths,People from Ahoskie, North Carolina,1879 births,American newspaper publishers (people)

paragraph: Robert Lee Vann

paragraph: Robert Lee Vann (August 27, 1879 – October 24, 1940) was an African-American newspaper publisher and editor. He was the publisher and editor of the "Pittsburgh Courier" from 1910 until his death.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was born in Ahoskie, North Carolina, the son of Lucy Peoples and an unknown father. He graduated as valedictorian of Waters Training School in Winton, North Carolina, in 1901, and attended Wayland Academy and Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia, from 1901 to 1903. He then attended Western University of Pennsylvania, (now the University of Pittsburgh) and graduated from its law school in 1909. He passed the bar examination in 1909 and married Jessie Matthews from Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, on February 17, 1919.

paragraph: Vann was one of only five black attorneys in Pittsburgh in 1910, a city with more than 25,000 African Americans. In early March 1910, Vann drew up incorporation papers for the "Pittsburgh Courier" and began writing contributions. Through Vann's connections, the paper was able to attract wealthy investors, including Cumberland Willis Posey Sr.. On May 10, 1910, the "Pittsburgh Courier" was formally incorporated, with Vann handling the legal means. During the summer, the paper grew from four to eight pages, but struggled with circulation and financial solvency due to a small market and lack of interested advertisers. In the fall of 1910, original founder Edwin Nathaniel Harleston left the paper for financial and creative reasons, and Vann became editor.

paragraph: The "Courier" under Vann prominently featured Vann's work as a lawyer and public figure. As editor, Vann wrote editorials encouraging readers to only patronize business that paid for advertisements in the "Courier" and ran contests to attempt to increase circulation. In his Christmas editorial at the end of 1914, Vann wrote of the paper's intent to "abolish every vestige of Jim Crowism in Pittsburgh."

paragraph: In the 1920s, Vann made efforts to improve the quality of the news included in the growing paper. Under Vann, the "Local News" section of the "Courier" covered the social lives of the upper- and middle-class members of the Hill District. This included accounts of vacations, marriages, and parties of prominent families and the goings on of local groups, such as the Pittsburgh Frogs. Vann legitimized the "Courier" with a professional staff, national advertisements, a dedicated printing plant, and wide circulation.

paragraph: Vann stirred up controversy and 10,000 new readers by hiring George Schuyler in 1925, whose editorials and opinions made him famous as the "black H.L. Mencken" (who was a "Courier" subscriber). Under Vann, the "Courier" also worked as a tool for social progress. Most significantly, the paper extensively covered the injustices on African Americans perpetrated by the Pullman Company and supported the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. Vann wrote to gain support for causes such as improved housing conditions in the Hill District, better education for black students, and equal employment and union opportunities. However, Vann often used his "Courier" editorials to publicly fight with the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and W. E. B. Du Bois over issues such as President Calvin Coolidge's grants of clemency to black soldiers involved in the Houston Riot and Vann's allegations that James Weldon Johnson embezzled money for personal use from the NAACP and the Garland Fund. This disharmony was resolved in 1929 by published apologies by Vann, Du Bois, and Johnson, and within the decade, Du Bois became a regular "Courier" contributor. But in 1938, Vann's "Courier" ended up at odds with the NAACP once again. Vann, through national campaigns and contact with President Franklin D. Roosevelt pursued inclusion of African-American units in the United States Armed Forces. Vann saw this as an achievable step on the path to integration of the military, but the NAACP leadership, primarily Walter White, publicly disagreed with this half-measure, despite the protests of Thurgood Marshall. As a result of the "Courier"′s influence and Vann's political clout, New York Congressman Fish successfully added an amendment prohibiting racial discrimination in selection and training of men drafted to the Selective Training and Service Act of 1940.

paragraph: In 1932, Vann officially put the "Courier" behind the party realignment of African Americans. He urged readers to vote for Democrats, writing, "My friends, go home and turn Lincoln's picture to the wall."

paragraph: After achieving prominence as the head of the "Courier", Vann served as Special Assistant to U.S. Attorney General Homer Cummings from 1933 until 1935. Largely neglected and even ill-treated (staff stenographers often refused to take dictation from him because he was black), Vann could not get an appointment to see the Attorney General and in fact may never have met the man while in Washington. Vann resigned in 1935 to return to the "Pittsburgh Courier"; by 1938 the paper was the largest American black weekly, with a circulation of 250,000.

paragraph: In 1939, Vann founded Interstate United Newspapers, Inc., an agency formed to sell advertising to the black press. Vann's widow succeeded him as president of Interstate United Newspapers.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Vann is entombed at Homewood Cemetery, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. The Liberty Ship "SS Robert L. Vann" was launched on 10 October 1943 in Portland, Maine, with his widow Jessie Matthews Vann attending the launch.

paragraph: A Pennsylvania State historical marker is placed at the corner of Center Avenue and Frances Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, noting Vann's accomplishments. The former Robert L. Vann Elementary School, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was named in his honor. The Robert L. Vann School in Ahoskie, North Carolina is named in his honor.

paragraph: The Belgian Tower at the 1939 New York World's Fair was later transported to Virginia Union University and renamed the Robert L. Vann Memorial Tower.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- African-American business history

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Citations

paragraph: BULLET::::- Buni, Andrew (1974). "Robert L. Vann of the Pittsburgh Courier: Politics and Black Journalism". University of Pittsburgh Press. Digital edition.

description: American publisher

wikidata_label: Robert Lee Vann

wikipedia_title: Robert Lee Vann


text:
Virginia Declaration of Rights
Richard Henry Lee
Francis Lightfoot Lee
William Lee
Arthur Lee
Stratford Hall Plantation
Westmoreland County, Virginia
Thomas Lee
Hannah Harrison Ludwell
England
Stafford County, Virginia
Mississippi Company
George Washington
John Augustine Washington
House of Burgesses
John Adams
George Wythe
Thomas Jefferson
Edmund Pendleton
George Mason
Virginia House of Delegates
Mary Aylett
William Aylett
Elizabeth Eskridge
James Steptoe
Thomas Ludwell Lee, Jr.
Robert Wormley Carter
Sabine Hall
Winifred Tavener Beale
George Lee, Sr.
Evelyn Byrd Beverley
Patrick Hume Douglas
Maria Carter
Anne Fenton Lee
Daniel Carroll Brent
William Brent III
Eleanor Carroll
Lucinda Lee
John Dalrymple Orr
Susan Monroe Grayson
Thomas Lee
Stratford Hall
Hannah Harrison Ludwell
Philip Ludwell II
Greenspring
Hannah Harrison
Richard Lee II
Laetitia Corbin
Henry Corbin, Sr.
Alice (Eltonhead) Burnham
Richard Lee I
Anne Constable
Francis Constable
Sir John Thoroughgood

categories: Virginia colonial people,1778 deaths,American people of English descent,House of Burgesses members,Lee family of Virginia,American planters,1730 births

paragraph: Thomas Ludwell Lee

paragraph: Thomas Ludwell Lee, Sr. (December 13, 1730 – April 13, 1778) was an editor of the Virginia Declaration of Rights. He was the older brother of Richard Henry Lee, Francis Lightfoot Lee, William Lee, and Arthur Lee.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Lee was born at Stratford Hall Plantation, Westmoreland County, Virginia to Thomas Lee and his wife Hannah Harrison Ludwell. He was the couple's third son and the second one to survive into adulthood. Much about Lee's early life is unknown, but it is assumed that he studied in England along with his brothers. Thomas resided at Belleview, Stafford County, Virginia, the site of the first annual meeting of the Mississippi Company, at which George Washington (1732–1799) and his brother, John Augustine Washington, attended in September 1763.

paragraph: He was a member of the House of Burgesses from 1758 to 1765 but refused to enter into US politics. John Adams, quoting George Wythe, once said that Lee was "the delight of the eyes of every Virginian, but would not engage in public life."

paragraph: On October 14, 1776, he was appointed to a committee headed by Thomas Jefferson and including Wythe, Edmund Pendleton, and George Mason to revise, amend, or repeal any Virginia law, subject to the approval of the Virginia House of Delegates.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage.

paragraph: Thomas married Mary Aylett. Mary was the daughter of William Aylett and Elizabeth Eskridge (1719). Elizabeth married secondly, Dr. James Steptoe, Col. (1709–1757).

paragraph: Section::::Children.

paragraph: 1. Thomas Ludwell Lee, Jr. (c. 1752-1807), who married Frances "Fanny" Carter (c. 1755), daughter of Robert Wormley Carter (c. 1735-1797) of Sabine Hall and Winifred Tavener Beale (c. 1740).

paragraph: 2. William Aylett Lee (c. 1754), who died young).

paragraph: 3. George Lee, Sr. (c. 1756-1802), who married Evelyn Byrd Beverley (1782). Evelyn married secondly, Dr. Patrick Hume Douglas. Evelyn was the daughter of Robert Beverley (1740–1800) and Maria Carter (1745–1817).

paragraph: 4. Anne Fenton Lee (c. 1758), who married Daniel Carroll Brent (1759–1814), son of William Brent III (1733–1782) and Eleanor Carroll.

paragraph: 5. Lucinda Lee (c. 1760), who married John Dalrymple Orr (1761), son of John Orr (1726) and Susan Monroe Grayson (1743).

paragraph: 6. Rebecca Lee (c. 1763).

paragraph: Section::::Ancestry.

paragraph: Thomas was the son of Col. Thomas Lee, Hon. (1690–1750) of Stratford Hall, Westmoreland Co., Virginia. Thomas married Hannah Harrison Ludwell (1701–1750).

paragraph: Hannah was the daughter of Col. Philip Ludwell II (1672–1726) of "Greenspring", and Hannah Harrison (1679–1731).

paragraph: Thomas was the son of Col. Richard Lee II, Esq., "the scholar" (1647–1715) and Laetitia Corbin (c. 1657-1706).

paragraph: Laetitia was the daughter of Richard's neighbor and, Councillor, Hon. Henry Corbin, Sr. (1629–1676) and Alice (Eltonhead) Burnham (c. 1627-1684).

paragraph: Richard II, was the son of Col. Richard Lee I, Esq., "the immigrant" (1618–1664) and Anne Constable (c. 1621-1666).

paragraph: Anne was the daughter of Francis Constable and a ward of Sir John Thoroughgood.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexander, Frederick Warren. "Stratford Hall and the Lees Connected with its History" (1912) History of the Lee family and Stratford Hall

description: American politician

wikidata_label: Thomas Ludwell Lee

wikipedia_title: Thomas Ludwell Lee


text:
Canadian
badminton
Canadian National Badminton Champion
stockbroker
athletic shoe
Guelph
Ontario
tennis
golf
Canadian National Badminton Champion
Toronto Star
England
All-England Championships
amateur status
professional
Canadian Press
Canadian Olympic Hall of Fame
Olympic Games
Canada's Sports Hall of Fame
Toronto Stock Exchange
Toronto
canvas
rubber
sneaker
B.F. Goodrich
PF Flyers
Converse
New Balance
trademark rights
vintage fashion

categories: Canadian male badminton players,1903 births,Canadian stockbrokers,Canada's Sports Hall of Fame inductees,1991 deaths

paragraph: Jack Purcell

paragraph: John Edward "Jack" Purcell (December 24, 1903 – June 10, 1991) was a Canadian world champion badminton player. Purcell was the Canadian National Badminton Champion in 1929 and 1930 and declared as world champion in 1933. He retired in 1945, and pursued a career as a stockbroker. Purcell also designed an athletic shoe that bears his name, which is still popular today.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Born in Guelph, Ontario, Purcell excelled at tennis and golf as a child. He took up badminton in 1924, and rose quickly in Ontario's amateur ranks. Purcell won five consecutive Ontario championships from 1927 to 1931, and was the Canadian National Badminton Champion in 1929 and 1930. Purcell became the leading badminton player in Canada, which led him to write a badminton column for the Toronto Star. In 1931, Purcell traveled to England, having beaten all his competitors in Canada. There, he won the Surrey Doubles but got only as far as the semi-finals in the All-England Championships.

paragraph: Section::::World badminton champion.

paragraph: After his trip to England, Purcell returned to Canada only to learn that he was stripped of his amateur status. The Canadian Badminton Association claimed that his "Toronto Star" articles made him a paid professional. As a professional badminton player, however, Purcell beat all the leading players in the world by 1932. He was declared world champion in 1933 based on his beating the top Canadian, American and British badminton players. His world championship status was challenged numerous times, but Purcell remained unbeaten until his retirement in 1945.

paragraph: Section::::Retirement and later years.

paragraph: In 1950, the Canadian Press named Purcell as Canada’s Outstanding Athlete of the 20th Century in the miscellaneous sports category. He was inducted into the Canadian Olympic Hall of Fame in 1973 despite having never played in the Olympic Games. At the time of his induction badminton was still not an Olympic sport. In 1955, he was inducted into Canada's Sports Hall of Fame.

paragraph: Outside of sports, Purcell was a stockbroker and a member of the Toronto Stock Exchange. He died in Toronto in 1991 at age 87.

paragraph: Section::::Shoes.

paragraph: Purcell designed a low, bleached-white canvas-and-rubber badminton sneaker for the B.F. Goodrich Company, known as PF Flyers in 1935. The shoe would provide better support on badminton courts because of a steel shank embedded in its heel. For most of the twentieth century, Jack Purcell's tennis sneaker was required wear on all grass and clay tennis courts in the United States and, at least for a time, on newer, all-weather asphalt courts as well. Unlike basketball sneakers (running shoes hadn't been invented yet), Jack Purcell sneakers had perfectly flat soles, unmarred by grooves that could tear up clay or grass and skew the elasticity of tennis ball bounces. Everyone from the youngest learner to professional and amateur tennis stars on the international tour wore Purcell sneakers; no other company made them. In 1972, Converse purchased PF Flyers (now owned by New Balance), along with the trademark rights of Jack Purcell sneakers. When Nike purchased Converse in 2003, Jack Purcell sneakers were kept in production, and is still manufactured today. Purcell-type basketball sneakers are now no different from Converse Chuck Taylor All-Stars, except they have the trademark blue across their toes. Classic Purcell tennis sneakers are unchanged in appearance from their heyday in the 1950s and 1960s, when they were first nicknamed "Blue Tips" and "Smilies", but they have risen in price from about $20 in 1965 to as much as $150 or more today. Converse "Jack Purcell" basketball sneakers are also popular, but more for their vintage fashion appeal than for athletic use.

alias:
John Edward Purcell
Jack E. Purcell
John E. Purcell
John Edward "Jack" Purcell

description: badminton player

wikidata_label: Jack Purcell

wikipedia_title: Jack Purcell


text:
American football
cornerback
National Football League
San Diego Chargers
2003 NFL Draft
college football
Tennessee-Chattanooga
Tuskegee
Carolina Panthers
Detroit Lions
Jacksonville Jaguars
Buffalo Bills
Denver Broncos
Tuskegee University
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
Associated Press
University of North Florida
2003 NFL Draft
Sammy Davis
Tuskegee University
nickel back
safety
cornerback
Quentin Jammer
New England Patriots
Eric Parker
TE
Daniel Graham
Stephen Gostkowski
field goal
Houston Texans
Matt Schaub
Jacksonville Jaguars
Buffalo Bills
Dick Jauron
Denver Broncos
Detroit Lions
Carolina Panthers
Detroit Lions
University of North Florida
Chicago Rush
wide receiver
Carlos Wright
Buffalo Bills bio

categories: Sportspeople from Ocala, Florida,1980 births,San Diego Chargers players,American football cornerbacks,Detroit Lions players,African-American players of American football,Living people,Players of American football from Florida,Jacksonville Jaguars players,Denver Broncos players,Tuskegee Golden Tigers football players,Buffalo Bills players

paragraph: Drayton Florence

paragraph: Drayton Florence, Jr. (born December 19, 1980) is a former American football cornerback who played eleven seasons in the National Football League. He was drafted by the San Diego Chargers in the second round of the 2003 NFL Draft. He played college football at Tennessee-Chattanooga and Tuskegee.

paragraph: Florence was also a member of the: Carolina Panthers, Detroit Lions, Jacksonville Jaguars, Buffalo Bills, and Denver Broncos.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Florence attended Tuskegee University. He was inducted into Tuskegee University Hall Of Fame in 2014 (2001–2002) after transferring from the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga (1999–2000). He registered school-record three returns for touchdowns on interceptions at Tuskegee. As a senior, he was named first-team Division II All-America by the "Associated Press" and "American Coaches Association". Florence is the highest drafted player to enter the NFL from Tuskegee University. Florence finished his degree at the University of North Florida with a bachelors in Sport Management.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:2003 NFL Draft.

paragraph: Florence was drafted by the Chargers 46th overall in the second round of the 2003 NFL Draft and was the 2nd cornerback selected by Chargers that draft after Sammy Davis. He is the highest drafted NFL player from Tuskegee University

paragraph: Initially drafted as a nickel back who could fill in at safety if needed, Florence had fought his way to become a legitimate starting cornerback in the NFL across Quentin Jammer.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:San Diego Chargers.:2007 playoffs.

paragraph: On Sunday, January 14, 2007 in the game against the New England Patriots after a muffed punt by wide receiver Eric Parker at the San Diego 31-yard line, Florence committed a personal foul, head-butting Patriot TE Daniel Graham following a 3rd and long play. During the play, the Charger defense had stopped the Patriots for a 7-yard loss putting the ball at the Charger 37-yard line (apx. 53-yard field goal range). The result of the penalty was a Patriots first down on the Charger 18. The extension of the drive led to a Stephen Gostkowski 34 yard field goal. The Patriots went on to win the game 24-21.

paragraph: The NFL fined San Diego Chargers cornerback Drayton Florence $15,000 for the illegal hit he put on Houston Texans Quarterback Matt Schaub on Sunday October 28. On an interception return, Florence drilled Schaub from the blind side, and he was penalized 15 yards for unnecessary roughness. The league ruled that on a change of possession, Florence unnecessarily made helmet-to-helmet contact with Schaub, who suffered a concussion and missed the rest of the game.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Jacksonville Jaguars.

paragraph: On March 1, 2008, Florence was signed by the Jacksonville Jaguars to a six-year $36 million contract with $13 million in guaranteed money. After only one disappointing season with the team he was released on February 11, 2009.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Buffalo Bills.

paragraph: On March 3, 2009, Florence was signed by the Buffalo Bills. Florence made the starting rotation under Head Coach Dick Jauron. Florence responded by leading the Bills in takeaways, including a fumble returned for a touchdown against the Bengals and an interception returned for a touchdown against Minnesota, two weeks apart. He also scored the go-ahead touchdown in the Bills' victory against the New England Patriots in 2011.

paragraph: On July 27, 2011, Florence re-signed with the Bills for 3 years at a total contract value of $15 million. On May 4, 2012, Florence was released.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Denver Broncos.

paragraph: Florence signed with the Denver Broncos on May 10, 2012 and released on Aug, 31, 2012.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Detroit Lions.

paragraph: Florence signed with the Detroit Lions on September 2, 2012.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Carolina Panthers.

paragraph: Florence signed with the Carolina Panthers on March 13, 2013, expecting to bring his veteran experience to help the young Panthers secondary.

paragraph: On August 31, 2013, he was cut by the Panthers. He was later re-signed to their roster on September 19, 2013.

paragraph: On August 7, 2014, he signed with the Detroit Lions. He was later released on August 19, 2014.

paragraph: On May 1, 2015, he retired from the NFL and graduated from the University of North Florida with a bachelor's degree in Sports Management.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:NFL statistics.

paragraph: Key

paragraph: BULLET::::- GP: games played

paragraph: BULLET::::- COMB: combined tackles

paragraph: BULLET::::- TOTAL: total tackles

paragraph: BULLET::::- AST: assisted tackles

paragraph: BULLET::::- SACK: sacks

paragraph: BULLET::::- FF: forced fumbles

paragraph: BULLET::::- FR: fumble recoveries

paragraph: BULLET::::- FR YDS: fumble return yards

paragraph: BULLET::::- INT: interceptions

paragraph: BULLET::::- IR YDS: interception return yards

paragraph: BULLET::::- AVG IR: average interception return

paragraph: BULLET::::- LNG: longest interception return

paragraph: BULLET::::- TD: interceptions returned for touchdown

paragraph: BULLET::::- PD: passes defensed

paragraph: Section::::Personal.

paragraph: He is the cousin of Chicago Rush wide receiver Carlos Wright.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Buffalo Bills bio

description: American Football player

wikidata_label: Drayton Florence

wikipedia_title: Drayton Florence