text: United States Army

text: Buffalo County, Wisconsin

text: American Civil War

text: Columbus, Ohio

text: Winchester, Indiana

text: Buffalo County, Wisconsin

text: Wisconsin

text: Minnesota

text: Alma, Wisconsin

text: University of Wisconsin–La Crosse

text: World War I

categories: County supervisors in Wisconsin,University of Wisconsin–La Crosse alumni,Wisconsin schoolteachers,People from Alma, Wisconsin,1919 deaths,People of Wisconsin in the American Civil War,Farmers from Wisconsin,Union Army soldiers,19th-century American politicians,People from Mondovi, Wisconsin,People from Columbus, Ohio,1846 births

paragraph: Chauncey H. Cooke

paragraph: Chauncey Herbert Cooke (May 15, 1846 – May 11, 1919) was a United States Army soldier from Buffalo County, Wisconsin who fought in the American Civil War. After the war ended, he worked as a schoolteacher, teaching former slaves in Texas.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Cooke was born in Columbus, Ohio in May 1846; he had three brothers and a sister. He visited Winchester, Indiana in 1856 and grew up in Buffalo County, Wisconsin. While growing up in Wisconsin, he lived amicably near Native Americans, and both he and his father had a favorable opinion of them.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:American Civil War.

paragraph: In August 1862, Cooke joined the U.S. Army with the 25th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment. He was 16 years old and thus underage at the time, but was this was not noticed by his superiors. He joined the U.S. Army as both he and his father were abolitionists who were opposed to slavery. Upon joining the army, Cooke's father reminded of him of why he was fighting for the United States, saying to him, "Don't forget that there are four million slaves whose hope of liberty is at stake in this war."

paragraph: However, after he joined the army, his unit was sent to Minnesota to fight Sioux Native Americans. Cooke disliked this for two reasons, first as he had joined the army to fight against the Confederacy and its cause of slavery, and second because he had a favorable opinion of Native Americans and felt that they were being treated unfairly by the U.S. government. The unit's mission in Minnesota ended without major combat in November 1862, as the reason for its deployment had been resolved. The unit was then sent to Illinois and arrived there in February 1863. Afterwards, they then headed to Kentucky.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:American Civil War.:Contact with slaves.

paragraph: While in Kentucky, Cooke met with many slaves that had been freed by the U.S. Army, and was impressed by their demeanor. He was especially impressed by freed slaves he had met that were from Louisiana and could speak multiple languages. Meeting these slaves strengthened Cooke's dislike of slavery, as he felt that these slaves, some of whom were more intelligent than he was, should not be enslaved.

paragraph: Cooke stated that his primary reason for fighting for the U.S. in the war was to free the slaves, stating that "I have no heart in this war if the slaves cannot go free."

paragraph: Section::::Career.:American Civil War.:Contact with Confederates.

paragraph: During the war, Cooke came across Confederate prisoners that had been captured by the U.S. Army. He would often ask them why they were waging a war against the United States, to which they consistently replied that they were fighting against the U.S. so that the Confederacy's women would be prevented from marrying slaves, which the Confederates constantly referred to as "niggers". Disapproving of the Confederates' use of racist language and their staunchly pro-slavery views, Cooke referred to them as "Poor ignorant devils".

paragraph: Section::::Career.:American Civil War.:Discharge.

paragraph: Cooke fell ill and was discharged from the army on May 15, 1865. He was proud of his service in the U.S. Army and what U.S. victory in the war had achieved in ending slavery.

paragraph: Section::::Later life and death.

paragraph: After the war, Cooke returned to Buffalo County and in 1870 was living with his parents, three brothers, and a sister in his father's hotel in Alma, Wisconsin, the county seat of Buffalo County. Cooke attended Eau Claire Seminary, which became the University of Wisconsin–La Crosse. He then taught briefly as a teacher in Wisconsin. Cooke's commitment to helping the slaves did not end with the end of slavery, he lived for several years in Texas, teaching and educating former slaves. Afterwards, he returned to Buffalo County, Wisconsin and lived as a farmer there.

paragraph: Cooke served as a member of the Buffalo County commission and was commander of his local Grand Army of the Republic. He worked, farming in Dover Township and farmed until a few years before his death.

paragraph: Cooke died in May 1919. On the day of his funeral, the businesses in his town agreed to close for two hours. His gravestone lists him as a friend to African Americans and Native Americans alike and notes that he fought in the army to preserve the U.S. and free the slaves.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Cooke married Sarah Eliza Caves on September 27, 1882; she died in 1933. They had three sons, Warren W. Cooke, Samuel P. Cooke, and Rodney Cooke, who became an army lieutenant and died during World War I.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- William De Loss Love, "Wisconsin in the War of the Rebellion" (1866).

paragraph: BULLET::::- E. B. Quiner, "The Military History of Wisconsin" (1866).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry Casson, ""Uncle Jerry": The Life of General Jeremiah M. Rusk: Stage Driver, Farmer, Soldier, Legislator, Governor, Cabinet Officer" (1895).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Warren W. Cooke, "A Frontiersman in Northwestern Wisconsin" (1940)

paragraph: BULLET::::- James I. Clarke, "The Civil War of Private Cooke: A Wisconsin Boy in the Union Army" (1955).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Margaret Brobst Roth, ed., "Well, Mary: Civil War Letters of a Wisconsin Volunteer" (1960).

wikidata_label: Chauncey H. Cooke

wikipedia_title: Chauncey H. Cooke


text: Leeds

text: Gulf of Mexico

text: Burwood

text: Sydney Technical College

text: Christ Church St Laurence

text: Department of Public Works

text: draftsman

text: Cremorne

text: Neutral Bay

text: domestic architecture

text: Arts and Crafts

text: sandstone

text: shingle

text: roughcast

text: Mediterranean

text: May Gibbs

text: Nutcote

text: stucco

text: Charles Voysey

text: Baillie Scott

text: Charles Rennie Mackintosh

text: gable

text: oriel

text: shingling

text: wainscoting

text: beams

text: ceilings

text: Spanish Mission Style

text: Lionel Lindsay

text: Will Ashton

text: Macquarie Galleries

text: Art Gallery of NSW

text: New South Wales Government Architect

text: Leslie Wilkinson

text: University of Sydney

text: University of Sydney

text: Neutral Bay

text: NSW

text: Tulkiyan

text: Pacific Highway

text: gordon

text: Neutral Bay

text: Neutral Bay

text: Cremorne

text: Somerset

text: Strathfield, New South Wales

text: Wentworth Falls

text: NSW

text: Refectory

text: University of Sydney

text: Nutcote

text: May Gibbs

text: Kurraba Point

text: North Sydney

text: NSW

text: Bellevue Hill

text: Woollahra

text: NSW

text: Mosman

text: NSW

text: Warrawee

text: Ku-ring-gai

text: NSW

text: Cremorne

text: North Sydney

text: NSW

text: Cremorne

text: North Sydney

text: NSW

text: Cremorne

text: NSW

text: Cremorne

text: NSW

text: Neutral Bay

text: North Sydney

text: NSW

text: Cremorne

text: North Sydney

text: NSW

text: Mosman

text: NSW

text: University of Sydney

text: University of Sydney

text: Castle Hill

text: Hornsby

text: NSW

text: Castle Hill

text: Hornsby

text: NSW

text: New South Head Road

text: Rose Bay

text: Woollahra

text: NSW

text: Mosman

text: NSW

text: Neutral Bay

text: North Sydney

text: NSW

text: Cranbrook Road

text: Bellevue Hill

text: Woollahra

text: NSW

text: Centennial Park

text: New South Head Road

text: Woollahra

text: NSW

text: New South Head Road

text: Darling Point

text: Woollahra

text: NSW

text: Australian architectural styles

text: New South Wales Government Architect

text: Arts and Crafts Movement

text: Architect BJ Waterhouse

text: From Nutcote

text: Mosman

text: Mosman

text: Art Gallery

text: Art Gallery of NSW

text: Retrospective Exhibition: From Nutcote

text: Manning House former Women's Union

categories: English emigrants to Australia,People from Leeds,Federation architects,New South Wales architects,Arts and Crafts architects,1965 deaths,1876 births

paragraph: B. J. Waterhouse

paragraph: Bertrand James Waterhouse (8 February 1876 – 2 December 1965) was an English-born Australian architect and artist.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: B. J. Waterhouse, as he was commonly known, was born in Leeds, Yorkshire, England, and was the son of James Waterhouse, a grocer, and his wife Sarah, née Turner. Waterhouse reached Sydney from the Gulf of Mexico with his mother and two sisters in March 1885 and was educated in Burwood. He studied architecture at Sydney Technical College while articled to John Spencer and on 6 July 1898 married 19-year-old Lilian Woodcock (d.1955) at Christ Church St Laurence. Joining the professional relieving staff of the Department of Public Works in NSW in March 1900, he worked in the Harbours and Rivers branch and became a relieving architectural draftsman.

paragraph: Section::::Architect.

paragraph: He was in partnership with J. W. H. Lake from 1908. Waterhouse built up a substantial practice, particularly in the Cremorne-Neutral Bay area. Until the mid-1920s his domestic architecture drew on the Arts and Crafts Movement, with steeply gabled roofs, extensive use of sandstone in the basements, shingle tiles and roughcast exterior wall surfaces. Thereafter his style showed a strong Mediterranean influence, a notable example being May Gibbs's house, Nutcote, with textured stucco walls and symmetrical, twelve-paned, shuttered windows. Waterhouse had a gift for composing shapes, textures, solids and voids into seemingly casual, informal architecture; he was particularly aware of the needs to build in scale and sympathy with people. Thus his houses have a comfortable and warm character, without fuss or strain, free of unnecessary detail. Waterhouse in his early architecture followed the precepts of the English Arts and Crafts movement and his work has a close affinity to that of Charles Voysey, Baillie Scott and Charles Rennie Mackintosh. A typical Waterhouse residence featured asymmetrical, picturesque massing, strongly expressed roofs, usually with dominant gables; porches, balconies and verandahs; and at least one facetted oriel or bay external wall finish, together with areas of timber shingling or tile-hanging. Inside, the main rooms displayed timber wainscoting on the walls and heavy timber beams below the ceilings. He continued to design in this manner until the early 1920s. In his later years Waterhouse designed residences in the Spanish Mission Style.

paragraph: Section::::Artist.

paragraph: An excellent pencil draughtsman, Waterhouse exhibited drawings at annual exhibitions of the (Royal) Art Society of New South Wales from 1902. He travelled through Europe in 1926 with Lionel Lindsay and Will Ashton, and in 1932 exhibited his drawings at the Macquarie Galleries, Sydney. A trustee of the National Art Gallery of New South Wales from 1922, Waterhouse was president in 1939–58; he was also State president of the Society of Arts and Crafts. Twenty one pencil drawings by B.J. Waterhouse are held in the collection at the Art Gallery of NSW.

paragraph: Section::::Employment.

paragraph: BULLET::::- New South Wales Government Architect's Office (1900–08)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Waterhouse and Lake (1908–1924)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Worked in association with Leslie Wilkinson

paragraph: BULLET::::- Director, and later chairman, National Capital Planning and Development Committee (1938–58)

paragraph: Section::::Notable works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ailsa, 33 Shellcove Road, Neutral Bay (1908)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Holme Building – University of Sydney (The), Science Road, University of Sydney (1910–1912)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Anne's, 37 Shellcove Road, Neutral Bay, NSW (1912)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rowerdennan House, built for Beresford Grant in Warrawee Avenue, Warrawee. (1913)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tulkiyan", 707 Pacific Highway, gordon (1913)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brent Knowle, 31 Shellcove Road, Neutral Bay (1914)

paragraph: BULLET::::- St. Ange/St. Agnes, 13 Shellcove Road, Neutral Bay (1917)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Gables, 16 Spruson Street Cremorne (1920)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Somerset, The Boulevarde Strathfield, New South Wales (1923) now part of Trinity Grammar School Preparatory School

paragraph: BULLET::::- Silvermere and the Chauffeur's Cottage, 38 Blaxland Road, Wentworth Falls, NSW 2782 (1923)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Refectory Building, Science Road, University of Sydney (1924)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nutcote, May Gibbs's House, 5 Wallaringa Avenue Kurraba Point (previously classified as Neutral Bay) (1925)

paragraph: Section::::Listed buildings.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bundabulla, 10 Guthrie Avenue, Cremorne, North Sydney, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bundarra – House and Grounds, 7 Bundarra Road, Bellevue Hill, Woollahra, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- House, 64 Dalton Road, Mosman, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- House, 35 (now 33A) Bangalla Street, Warrawee, Ku-ring-gai, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- House, 6 Claude Avenue, Cremorne, North Sydney, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- House, 8 Claude Avenue, Cremorne, North Sydney, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- House, 14 Cremorne Road, Cremorne, North Sydney, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- House, 35 Milson Road, Cremorne, North Sydney, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- House 13 Shellcove Road, Neutral Bay, North Sydney, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- House 29 Bogota Avenue, Cremorne, North Sydney, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kew Place, House, 10 Buena Vista Avenue, Mosman, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- Manning Building – University of Sydney (The), Manning Road, University of Sydney (The), Sydney

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mowll Memorial Village: Lober House, 284 Castle Hill Road, Castle Hill, Hornsby, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mowll Memorial Village: Tower House, 284 Castle Hill Road, Castle Hill, Hornsby, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- Murong – House and Grounds, 633 New South Head Road, Rose Bay, Woollahra, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pair of houses, Airlie (No. 12), 12 and 14 Buena Vista Avenue, Mosman, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shellcove Road Group, Neutral Bay, North Sydney, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- St. Claire – House, 25–27 Cranbrook Road, Bellevue Hill, Woollahra, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- House, 43 Robertson Road, Centennial Park, Sydney

paragraph: BULLET::::- Werribree – House, Gardens, Retaining Walls, Fences, Covered Gateways, Trees: 37 New South Head Road, Vaucluse, Woollahra, NSW

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yeomerry – Building, 1 St. Marks Road (188 New South Head Road), Darling Point, Woollahra, NSW

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Australian architectural styles

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arts and Crafts Movement

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Architect BJ Waterhouse

paragraph: BULLET::::- From Nutcote to Elwatan : the art and architecture of B.J. Waterhouse. Mosman, NSW : Mosman Art Gallery,24 pages/a

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bertrand J. Waterhouse OBE, FRIBA, LFRAIA Portrait by William Dargie Art Gallery of NSW/a

paragraph: BULLET::::- "ELLERSLIE" Circa 1922-Architect Designed By B.J Waterhouse

paragraph: BULLET::::- Retrospective Exhibition: From Nutcote to Elwatan: The Art & Architecture of B.J. Waterhouse/a

paragraph: BULLET::::- Manning House former Women's Union (includes images)

description: Australian architect

wikidata_label: Bertrand James Waterhouse

wikipedia_title: B. J. Waterhouse


text:
Robert Burns
Adjutant
Mauchline
consumption
Alison Begbie
Alison Begbie
Jean Armour
Alison Begbie
May Cameron
Jean Gardner
Nelly Kilpatrick
Peggy Thompson
Jenny Clow
Photograph of Betty Park or Burns

categories: 1771 births,18th-century Scottish women,Robert Burns

paragraph: Mary Morison

paragraph: Mary Morison or Mary Morrison (1771 – 29 June 1791), may have been the ""lovely Mary Morison"", whom the poet Robert Burns admired as a girl of sixteen. She was the daughter of Adjutant John Morison of Mauchline.

paragraph: Her tombstone carries the inscription - ""In memory of Adjutant John Morison, etc., etc.; also his daughter - the poet's bonnie Mary Morison - who died 29th June, 1791, aged 20; and his second spouse etc."".

paragraph: Section::::Life and character.

paragraph: Morison died young, at the age of 20, being a victim of consumption in 1791. She is buried in Mauchline churchyard. Hunter records that she had a foot amputated after a horse-riding accident, therefore the cause of death may actually have been septicaemia.

paragraph: She either lived at 'Brownlea' at the east side of Castle Street where it met with 'the Knowe', and the other is 'The Place', which was a tenement that stood to the east side of the Cross.

paragraph: Section::::Life and character.:Association with Robert Burns.

paragraph: Mary's tombstone in the Mauchline churchyard, as stated, records that she was the daughter of Adjutant John Morison of the 104th Regiment and that she was Robert Burns's 'bonnie Mary' in his famous song 'Mary Morison'. In 1825 A. N. Carmichael erected the present tombstone in his aunt's memory, many years after her death.

paragraph: Local tradition however records that she was not an intimate of the poet and may have actually met him only once during tea at a friends house. The Rev Dr Edgar of Mauchline is recorded to have said that Morison's sister thought that identity of the 'Mary' of the poem 'Mary Morison' was indeed her sibling. Most authorities feel that the name was used by Burns for Alison Begbie as he called the song 'one of my juvenile works', which he was unlikely to say about a song written in 1784/5 when the Mary would have been a girl of about fourteen and twelve years younger than Burns himself.

paragraph: Gilbert, the poet's brother, related that Alison Begbie, Peggy Alison and Mary Morison were, all one and the same person, Alison Begbie. The poet, having had difficult in getting Alison Begbie's name to pair in rhyme had at first used the name 'Peggy Alison'.

paragraph: 'Mary Morison' was the finest of his early songs, written prior to The Kilmarnock Volume, but not included and only sent to George Thomson on 20 March 1793.

paragraph: /div

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean Armour

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alison Begbie

paragraph: BULLET::::- May Cameron

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean Gardner

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nelly Kilpatrick

paragraph: BULLET::::- Peggy Thompson

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jenny Clow

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Notes

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sources

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Hecht, Hans (1936). "Robert Burns. The Man and His Work." London : William Hodge.

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Hill, John C. Rev. (1961). "The Love Songs and Heroines of Robert Burns." London : J. M. Dent.

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Hunter, Douglas & McQueen, Colin Hunter. (2009). "Hunter's Illustrated History of the Family, Friends, and Contemporaries of Robert Burns". Published by the authors. ISBN 978-0-9559732 -0-8.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Photograph of Betty Park or Burns

description: Muse of Robert Burns

wikidata_label: Mary Morison

wikipedia_title: Mary Morison


text:
nobleman
Mirza Ghulam Ahmad
Ahmadiyya movement
Mughal Empire
Sikhs
Qadian
Sir Lepel Griffin
Punjab
Raʾīs
Qadian
Mughal emperors
Durbars
Mirza Faiz Muhammad
Farrukhsiyar
Ramgharia
Sikhs
Delhi
Sikh Empire
Maharaja Ranjit Singh
Anglo-Sikh wars
Indian Rebellion of 1857
Kashmir
Peshawar
Multan
Battle of Shopian
Peshawar
Battle of Nowshera
Sher Singh
Mandi
Kullu Valley
Hazara
Second Anglo-Sikh War
British annexation of Punjab
Sowars
Mughal rulers
Hoshiarpur
physician
Baghbanpura
Delhi
Batala
nom de plume
takhallus
Aqsa mosque
Mirza Hadi Baig
Mirza Faiz Muhammad
Mirza Gul Muhammad

categories: Indian military medical officers,Year of birth missing,1876 deaths,Indian generals,19th-century Indian medical doctors,Indian Muslims,Family of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad,Military personnel from Punjab, India

paragraph: Mirza Ghulam Murtaza

paragraph: Mirza Ghulam Murtaza () (c.1791 – June 1876) was an Indian nobleman, physician, military officer, and father of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, the founder of the Ahmadiyya movement. He belonged to a family of landed aristocracy within the Mughal Empire that lost its estate to the Sikhs during the 18th century, and only a fraction of which – including Qadian, the family’s ancestral seat – he was able to regain from them. He was mentioned in some detail by Sir Lepel Griffin in "The Panjab Chiefs", a survey of the Punjab’s aristocracy. Ghulam Murtaza was married to Chiragh Bibi and had three surviving children.

paragraph: Section::::Chief of Qadian.

paragraph: Mirza Ghulam Murtaza was the son of Mirza Atta Muhammad, the chieftain ("Raʾīs") of the fortified village of Qadian. His predecessors had originally exercised authority over a large semi-independent territory of some sixty square miles comprising over seventy villages neighbouring Qadian and had quasi-familial ties with the Mughal emperors. Atta Muhammad was entitled to a seat at the Durbars (courts) of the Mughal emperor. His grandfather, Mirza Faiz Muhammad was conferred the title of "Azādud Daulah" (Strong Arm of the Government) by the emperor Farrukhsiyar and the rank of "Haft Hazārī" enabling him to keep a regular force of 7,000 soldiers.

paragraph: With the insurgency of the Ramgharia Sikhs, however, during the 18th century, the decline of the Mughals, and lacking any practical support from Delhi, the family saw a steady loss of its estate until, by the time of Atta Muhammad’s death, Qadian, the last remaining stronghold, had also come under the control of the Sikhs and merged within the Sikh Empire. The family was expelled and lived in a nearby village for sixteen years until, in 1818, Ghulam Murtaza was allowed by Maharaja Ranjit Singh to return to Qadian in exchange for military support. This he did by joining, alongside his brothers, Ranjit Singh's army and engaging in campaigns in several places. In 1834–5, a further five villages out of his ancestral estate were returned to him by Ranjit Singh. During the Anglo-Sikh wars, the family remained loyal to the Sikhs. The wars ended, however, with a British victory resulting in the dissolution of the Sikh Empire and bringing the Punjab under British control in 1849. During the last days of the Sikh rule an abortive effort was made by some Sikhs to kill Ghulam Murtaza and his brother Mirza Ghulam Muhyuddin in Basrawan, near Qadian, where the two had been confined by them, but they were eventually rescued by their younger brother Mirza Ghulam Haidar.

paragraph: During the Indian Rebellion of 1857 Ghulam Murtaza actively supported the British and provided military assistance to their forces. Subsequently, he spent much of his time and fortune trying to regain his properties through litigation in the Colonial courts but to no avail. The British accepted his claim over Qadian and some neighboring hamlets, but refused to recognise his ownership of the five villages returned to him by Ranjit Singh and did nothing about the rest of his ancestral estate. Various British generals commended, through letters, the role of Ghulam Murtaza and his brother in helping put down the rebellion and the British Government granted him an annual pension of 700 rupees.

paragraph: Section::::Military career.

paragraph: Ghulam Murtaza fought in several places including Kashmir, Peshawar and Multan.. Ranjit Singh annexed Kashmir in 1819 following the Battle of Shopian and his forces took Peshawar in 1823 at the Battle of Nowshera, though Ghulam Murtaza's role in these battles is unclear. In the reign of Sher Singh, he was in the army command structure. In 1841, with a general he was sent to Mandi and the Kullu Valley. In 1843, he was the commander of an infantry regiment which was sent to Peshawar. He also fought in Hazara in 1848 and was successful in putting down a rebellion. He also sent his men under his brother's command and quickly gained a good reputation as an able chief and commander. The Sikh Empire came to an end following the Second Anglo-Sikh War and the British annexation of Punjab in 1849. During the 1857 rebellion, Ghulam Murtaza and his brother supported the British by supplying horses and enlisting fifty Sowars (mounted troopers) in the British forces at their own expense.

paragraph: Section::::Family and personal life.

paragraph: Mirza Ghulam Murtaza’s ancestors shared tribal affiliation with the Mughal rulers of the Indian subcontinent. He had four brothers: Mirza Ghulam Muhammad; Mirza Ghulam Mustafa; Mirza Ghulam Muhyuddin; and Mirza Ghulam Haidar. He was married to Chiragh Bibi, the sister of Mirza Jami'at Baig of Aima, a village in Hoshiarpur. They had six or seven children (exact count unsure) several of whom died in infancy. The names of the surviving children were: Murad Begum (daughter); Mirza Ghulam Qadir (son); and Mirza Ghulam Ahmad (son). Ghulam Ahmad was born a twin with a sister named Jannat who died a few days after birth.

paragraph: Ghulam Murtaza was also a notable physician, having studied medicine at Baghbanpura and Delhi, but accepted no payment for his medical treatments. He once declined an offer of an award comprising the rents of two villages by the chief of Batala in return for his medical services on the grounds that the two villages once belonged to his ancestral estate and could not be accepted in this way. He was also a poet using as his "nom de plume" ("takhallus") the name "Tahsin". In his last days he built the Aqsa mosque which was oversized at the time and directed in his will that he be buried in a corner of its precincts where his grave can still be found today.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mirza Hadi Baig

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mirza Faiz Muhammad

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mirza Gul Muhammad

description: Indian physician

wikidata_label: Mirza Ghulam Murtaza

wikipedia_title: Mirza Ghulam Murtaza


href: Italy Cremona architecture geometry

text: Italian Cremona architecture geometry

categories: People from Cremona,Italian male painters,17th-century Italian painters,Architects from Lombardy,Italian engineers,17th-century Italian architects,1620 births,Year of death missing,17th-century Italian people

paragraph: Alessandro Capra

paragraph: Alessandro Capra (born 1620, date of death unknown) was an Italian architect and inventor. He was born in Cremona.

paragraph: He studied architecture under Giacomo Erba. He invented a number of machines. From 1672-1682, he published three volumes on geometry and civil and military architecture. His two sons, Giusto and Domenica, worked on a number of hydraulic inventions.

description: Italian architect

wikidata_label: Alessandro Capra

wikipedia_title: Alessandro Capra


text: FRCS

text: British

text: ophthalmic

text: Little Wittenham

text: Didcot

text: Berkshire

text: Royal Marines

text: Robert Brudenell, 6th Earl of Cardigan

text: apprenticed

text: London Hospital

text: Member of the Royal College of Surgeons

text: Leytonstone

text: Putney

text: Crimea

text: British Army

text: Nottingham

text: Stroud

text: Gloucestershire

text: Southwark

text: leading article

text: The Times

text: The Lancet

text: St George's Hospital

text: General Medical Council

text: Royal Medical Society

text: homeopathy

text: London County Council

text: Islington West

text: Moderate Party

text: Conservative Party

text: Clapham Common

text: West Norwood Cemetery

text: Our Homes, and how to Make Them Healthy

categories: Members of London County Council,Fellows of the Royal College of Surgeons,1828 births,1918 deaths,People from South Oxfordshire District,British ophthalmologists,Burials at West Norwood Cemetery

paragraph: Robert Brudenell Carter

paragraph: Robert Brudenell Carter, FRCS (2 October 1828 – 23 October 1918) was a British physician and ophthalmic surgeon.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Born in Little Wittenham, near Didcot, Berkshire, Carter was the son of a major in the Royal Marines and his mother died in giving birth to him. His father took no interest in him, and the newborn child came into the care of a family friend, Robert Brudenell, 6th Earl of Cardigan. As the baby was not expected to live, Brudenell ensured he was baptised, giving him his own Christian names. Carter was subsequently raised and eventually adopted by another family acquaintance.

paragraph: Section::::Medical career.

paragraph: Following a private education, Carter was apprenticed to a general practitioner, and entered the medical school of the London Hospital aged 19. He qualified as a Member of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1851 and as a Licentiate of the Society of Apothecaries in 1852. He opened a medical practice in Leytonstone in the suburbs of London and in 1853 published "On the Pathology and Treatment of Hysteria". Soon after he moved to Putney in south London, and published his second book, "On the Influence of Education and Training in Preventing Diseases of the Nervous System" in 1855.

paragraph: Before his second book had been published he had left for the Crimea, where he served as a staff surgeon in the British Army. Returning to England following the end of the conflict, he settled in Nottingham, where he helped to establish the Nottingham Eye Hospital in 1859. From this date Carter devoted his medical career entirely to ophthalmology. In 1862 he moved to Stroud, Gloucestershire, and was instrumental in the establishment of the Gloucester Eye Hospital in 1866. In 1864 he became a Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons, and in 1868 moved to London and joined the staff of the Royal South London Ophthalmic Hospital in Southwark. He also began writing leading articles for "The Times" newspaper and "The Lancet" medical journal. From 1870 to 1883 he was ophthalmic surgeon at St George's Hospital and lecturer at the hospital's medical school. In 1875, he published "A Practical Treatise on Diseases of the Eye ", based on the lectures he gave to the students of St George's Hospital.

paragraph: From 1887 to 1900 Carter was a member of the General Medical Council and also served as President of the Royal Medical Society. He was bitterly opposed to homeopathy, which he roundly condemned in his final book, "Doctors and Their Work, Or, Medicine, Quackery, and Disease", published in 1903.

paragraph: Section::::Politics.

paragraph: Carter was briefly involved in local politics. In January 1889 the first elections to the London County Council were held, and he was nominated to contest the Islington West division. There were six candidates for the two seats to be filled, and Carter secured second place and election with 883 votes, 29 more than the third-placed candidate. Carter aligned himself with the Moderate Party on the council, which was allied to the parliamentary Conservative Party. When the next county council elections were held three years later, he failed to hold his seat, finishing last of four candidates.

paragraph: Carter was a Knight of Grace of the Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem, and was promoted to a Knight of Justice (KStJ) in the same order on 8 May 1902.

paragraph: Carter died at his home near Clapham Common in 1918, aged 90, and was buried in West Norwood Cemetery.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On the Influence of Education and Training in Preventing Diseases of the Nervous System" (1855)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Practical Treatise on Diseases of the Eye" (1875)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Eyesight, Good & Bad: A Treatise on the Exercise and Preservation of Vision" (1880)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Our Homes, and how to Make Them Healthy" (1883)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Doctors and Their Work, Or, Medicine, Quackery, and Disease" (1903)

description: British doctor

wikidata_label: Robert Brudenell Carter

wikipedia_title: Robert Brudenell Carter


text: Bergen

text: Oslo

text: Bergen

text: Bergen Big Band

text: Dag Arnesen

text: Knut Kristiansen

text: Vigleik Storaas

text: Olav Dale

text: Jan Kåre Hystad

text: Oslo

text: Cutting Edge

text: Thorgeir Stubø

text: Knut Riisnæs

text: Paul Weeden

text: Guttorm Guttormsen

text: Søyr

text: Rune Klakegg

text: Rob Waring

text: Carl Morten Iversen

text: Vossajazz

text: Dag Arnesen

text: Odin Records

text: Cutting Edge

text: Curling Legs

text: Rune Klakegg Trio

text: Knut Kristiansen

text: Monk Moods

text: Olav Dale Quartet

text: Sebastian Dubé

text: Bergen Big Band

text: Grappa Music

text: Karin Krog

text: John Surman

text: Nattjazz Festival

text: The Core

text: Crime Scene

text: Terje Rypdal

text: Nattjazz Festival

text: Grappa Music

text: Kenneth Sivertsen

text: Jon Fosse

text: Søyr

text: Trang Fødsel

text: Olga Konkova

text: Terje Gewelt

text: Barbro Husdal

text: Carsten Dyngeland

text: Sigurd Ulveset

text: Helén Eriksen

text: Knut Riisnæs

text: Rob Waring Trio

text: Bjørn Berentsen

text: EMI Music

text: Nathalie Nordnes

text: Chillienuts

text: Trang Fødsel

text: Bergen Big Band

text: Karin Krog

text: John Surman

text: Jan Kåre Hystad Kvartett

text: Ole Amund Gjersvik

categories: Bergen Big Band members,Norwegian jazz drummers,20th-century drummers,20th-century Norwegian drummers,Living people,Male drummers,21st-century male musicians,Norwegian jazz composers,Musicians from Bergen,Male jazz composers,Cutting Edge (band) members,1954 births,20th-century male musicians,21st-century Norwegian drummers

paragraph: Frank Jakobsen

paragraph: Frank Jakobsen (born 28 April 1954) is a Norwegian jazz musician (drums), known from a number of recordings, and central to the jazz scenes in Bergen and Oslo.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Jakobsen was born and raised in Bergen, where he played in local groups like Danmarks Plass Rock & Jazz (1974–80), Frk. Pirk (1976–78), Bergen Big Band, Trang Fødsel and Son Mu among others. He played with jazz mucicians like Dag Arnesen, Knut Kristiansen, Vigleik Storaas, Olav Dale, Jan Kåre Hystad. During a period where he lived in Oslo he cooperated with Cutting Edge, Thorgeir Stubø, Knut Riisnæs, Paul Weeden, Guttorm Guttormsen, Søyr, Rune Klakegg, Rob Waring and Carl Morten Iversen.

paragraph: Section::::Honors.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vossajazzprisen (1997)

paragraph: Section::::Discography (in selection).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Within Dag Arnesen's "Ny Bris»

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1982: "Ny Bris" (Odin Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Within Cutting Edge

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1982: "Cutting Edge" (Odin Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1984: "Our Man in Paradise" (Odin Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995: "Alle tre" (Curling Legs)

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Carl Morten Iversen and Rob Waring

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992: "Secret Red Thread" (Odin Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Within Rune Klakegg Trio

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992: "Anaerobics" (Odin Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Knut Kristiansen

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995: "Monk Moods" (Odin Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Olav Dale Quartet

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997: "Little Waltz" (NorCD), including Sebastian Dubé & Dag Arnesen

paragraph: BULLET::::- Within Bergen Big Band

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003: "Adventures in European New Jazz And Improvised Music" (Europe Jazz Oddysey), with Mathias Rüegg "Art & Fun" on compilation with various artists

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005: "Seagull" (Grappa Music), feat. Karin Krog conducted by John Surman recorded at the Nattjazz Festival, Bergen 2004

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007: "Meditations on Coltrane" (Grappa Music), with The Core

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008: "Som den gyldne sol frembryter" (Grappa Music)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2010: "Crime Scene" (ECM Records), with Terje Rypdal recorded at the Nattjazz Festival, Bergen 2009

paragraph: BULLET::::- With other projects

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992: "Nattjazz 20 år" (Grappa Music)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995: "Den lilla kvelven" (Nimis), with Kenneth Sivertsen, poems written and read by Jon Fosse

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996: "Jazz Out of Norway" (Odin Records), sampler

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997: "Med kjøtt og kjærlighet" ((Curling Legs)), within Søyr, poetry by Niels Fredrik Dahl and Torgeir Rebolledo Pedersen

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997: "Hybel" (Norsk Plateproduksjon), within Trang Fødsel

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998: "Close to My Heart" (Ponca Jazz Records), with Finn Hauge (including Olga Konkova & Terje Gewelt)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999: "Cocoon" (Acoustic Records), with "Cocoon" (including Barbro Husdal, Carsten Dyngeland & Sigurd Ulveset)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000: "City Dust" (Curling Legs), with Helén Eriksen

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001: "Touching" (Resonant Music), with Knut Riisnæs

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001: "Synchronize Your Watches" (Resonant Music), within Rob Waring Trio

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002: "Julestemning" (Lynor), with "Bergen Nord Kammerkor" conducted by Bjørn Berentsen

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003: "Hush Hush" (EMI Music, Norway), with Nathalie Nordnes

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004: "Reworks; :.What Kind of Machine Is This?" (), with Chillienuts

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005: "De aller beste" (Sony BMG Music), with Trang Fødsel

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005: "Seagull" (Grappa Music), within Bergen Big Band feat. Karin Krog & John Surman

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005: "Join Me in the Park" (EMI Music, Norway), with Nathalie Nordnes

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006: "Vargtime 2 – Four Cousins" (Gemini Records), within Jan Kåre Hystad Kvartett

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006: "Barna synger Pophits" (Barneselskapet)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011: "Live in Bergen" (Acoustic Records), with Ole Amund Gjersvik

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Frank Jakobsen Biography on Norsk Musikkinformasjon

description: Jazz drummer

wikidata_label: Frank Jakobsen

wikipedia_title: Frank Jakobsen


text: upright bass

text: Oslo

text: Oslo

text: Lars Klevstrand

text: Moldejazz

text: Lillebjørn Nilsen

text: Jon Balke Quartet

text: Ditlef Eckhoff Quintet

text: Guttorm Guttormsen Quartet

text: Buddyprisen

text: Jon Eberson

text: Magni Wentzel Sekstett

text: Buddyprisen

text: Spellemannsprisen

text: Oslo 13

text: Guttorm Guttormsen Quartet

text: Per Husby Septet

text: Oslo 13

text: ECM Records

text: Armen Donelian

text: Audun Kleive

text: Odin Records

text: Frank Jakobsen

text: Rob Waring

text: Curling Legs

text: Olga Konkova

text: Jon Eberson

text: Jon Eberson Trio

text: Magni Wentzel

text: Hot Club Records

categories: Musicians from Oslo,1948 births,Norwegian jazz upright-bassists,Living people,21st-century double-bassists,1300 Oslo members,ECM Records artists,Male double-bassists,Norwegian jazz composers,Male jazz composers,Jazz double-bassists,21st-century male musicians,Spellemannprisen winners

paragraph: Carl Morten Iversen

paragraph: Carl Morten Iversen (born 1 May 1948) is a Norwegian jazz musician (upright bass), and the son of jazz violinist Arild Iversen (1920–65). He is known from numerous recordings and has long been central to the Oslo Jazz scene.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Iversen was born in Oslo, and began playing as an accompanist for folk singers from 1965; among others, he played with Lars Klevstrand at Moldejazz Festival in 1968 and 1973, attended an album with Lillebjørn Nilsen in 1974, and got into jazz in 1970. He studied jazz in the United States until 1972, and when returning he played in a variety of bands from 1973, including with the Balke brothers, Jon Balke Quartet and Ditlef Eckhoff Quintet 1973–74, Magni Wentzel Quintet 1974–76 and 1979–84 with the album "Sofies plass" (1983), Guttorm Guttormsen Quartet 1974–80 with the albums "Soturnudi" (1975) and "Albufeira" (1979).

paragraph: Iversen was president/chairman of the "Norwegian Jazz Forum" 1972–75, leader of "Foreningen norske jazzmusikere", editor of "Jazznytt", and Awarded Buddyprisen 1988. With guitarist Jon Eberson he has released duoalbums "Jazz for men" (2001), "Standards" (2003) and "Levende på Fyret" (2006), and recently he has recorded with Magni Wentzel Sekstett "Live" (2009).

paragraph: Section::::Honors.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Buddyprisen 1988

paragraph: BULLET::::- Spellemannsprisen 1988 in the class Jazz for the album "Nonsentration" (1992), within Oslo 13

paragraph: Section::::Discography (in selection).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Within Guttorm Guttormsen Quartet

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1975: "Soturnudi"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1979: "Albufeira"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Within Per Husby Septet

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1976: "Peacemaker"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Within Oslo 13

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1981: "Anti therapy" (Odin Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988: "Off balance" (Odin Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992: "Nonsentration" (ECM Records), Awarded Spellemannprisen 1992 in the class Jazz

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992: "Live" (Curling Legs)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Trio with Armen Donelian & Audun Kleive

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988: "Trio 87" (Odin Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Trio with Frank Jakobsen & Rob Waring

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1991: "Secret Red Thread" (Odin Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001: "Synchronize your watches" (Curling Legs)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Trio with Olga Konkova & Audun Kleive

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997: "Going with the Flow" (Curling Legs)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Duo with Jon Eberson

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001: "Jazz For Men" (Curling Legs)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003: "Standards" (Curling Legs)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006: "Levende På Fyret" (Curling Legs)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Within Jon Eberson Trio

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009: "Born to be slow" (NorCD), with Rob Waring

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Magni Wentzel

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1983: "Sofies plass" (Hot Club Records), within M.W. Quartet

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009: "Live" (Curling Legs)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carl Morten Iversen Biography from Norsk Musikkinformasjon

description: Bass player

wikidata_label: Carl Morten Iversen

wikipedia_title: Carl Morten Iversen


text:
Dutch Golden Age
Haarlem
Samuel Ampzing
damiaatjes
Haarlem City Hall
Cornelis Holsteyn
Pieter Holsteyn
Pieter Holsteyn
Artnet

categories: 1585 births,Dutch Golden Age painters,1662 deaths,Dutch male painters

paragraph: Pieter Holsteyn I

paragraph: Pieter Holsteyn (1585–1662) was a Dutch Golden Age painter, engraver and stained glass worker.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Holsteyn was born and died in Haarlem. According to Houbraken who quotes Samuel Ampzing, "Pet. Holstein" was a good glasspainter who painted the damiaatjes in the Haarlem City Hall council chamber ("vroedschapskamer")". Unfortunately those stained glass windows have not survived, but in the 19th century four stained glass windows by Pieter Holsteyn were purchased from a church in Bloemendaal and restored, and those have been installed in the "Gravenzaal" or main hall of the city hall. One of them illustrates the Damiaatjes legend. Ironically, after restoration activities in the beginning of the last century, the Bloemendaal church wished to buy the windows back, but instead they have had replica's made.

paragraph: According to the RKD, he taught his sons, Cornelis Holsteyn and Pieter Holsteyn the Younger. Besides his work on stained glass windows and engraved portraits, he is also known for insects, birds, and other animals. Since his son Pieter also took to painting birds, their works can be hard to tell apart.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pieter Holsteyn on Artnet

alias:
Pieter Holsteyn der Ältere
Pieter Holsteyn the elder
Pieter I Holsteijn
Pr. Holsteyn
Pieter, the elder Holsteyn
Pieter Holsteijn
Pieter, le vieux Holsteyn
Pieter I Holsteyn
Pieter, I Holsteyn
Pieter Holsteyn the Elder
Pieter Holsteyn (I)
Pieter Holsteyn
Pieter Holsteijn (I)
Holsteijn

description: Dutch Golden Age painter and engraver

wikidata_label: Pieter Holsteyn I

wikipedia_title: Pieter Holsteyn I


text: Charles Dickens

text: A Tale of Two Cities

text: Great Expectations

text: Harper's Weekly

text: Wilkie Collins

text: text comics

categories: American illustrators,1827 births,American comics artists,1865 deaths,American caricaturists

paragraph: John McLenan

paragraph: John McLenan (1827–1865) was an American illustrator and caricaturist. Active from 1852 to 1865, his works include illustrations of Charles Dickens' "A Tale of Two Cities" and "Great Expectations" for "Harper's Weekly" (1859 - 1861) and illustrations for two Wilkie Collins novels. Author Sinclair Hamilton wrote of McLenan

paragraph: Some of his cartoons make use of the text comics format, making him a pioneer in comics.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John McLenan — Illustrator for Harper's Weekly at Victoria Web

description: American illustrator

wikidata_label: John McLenan

wikipedia_title: John McLenan


text:
House of Commons
Parliamentary
English Civil War
Sir Richard Buller
Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
Inner Temple
Saltash
Short Parliament
East Looe
Long Parliament
Pride's Purge
Francis
John

categories: Year of birth missing,English MPs 1624–1625,Members of the pre-1707 English Parliament for constituencies in Cornwall,English MPs 1640 (April),Buller family,Year of death missing,Roundheads

paragraph: Francis Buller (Parliamentarian)

paragraph: Francis Buller was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons variously between 1624 and 1648. He supported the Parliamentary side in the English Civil War.

paragraph: Buller was the son of Sir Richard Buller, of Shillingham, Cornwall. The Buller family was originally from Somerset and acquired Shillingham in around 1555. He entered Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge in 1620 and matriculated at the Inner Temple in 1622. In 1624, Buller was elected Member of Parliament for Saltash and was re-elected in 1625.

paragraph: In April 1640, Buller was elected MP for Saltash in the Short Parliament. He was elected MP for East Looe for the Long Parliament in November 1640 and sat until he was excluded under Pride's Purge in 1648. During the Civil War he commanded a regiment for the Parliamentary army at Plymouth. He subsequently moved to Kent.

paragraph: Buller married Thomasine Honeywood, daughter of Sir Thomas Honeywood of Elmstead Kent. His sons Francis and John were also MPs in Cornwall.

description: English politician

wikidata_label: Francis Buller

wikipedia_title: Francis Buller (Parliamentarian)


text:
Otto IV, Count of Ravensberg
Margaret of Berg-Windeck
County of Ravensberg
Adolf IX of Berg
Berg
Ravensberg
house of Jülich
house of Cleves
Gerhard VI of Jülich
William
Adolf I of Kleve-Mark
Saxon Nobility

categories: Saxon nobility,1320s births,14th-century German people,1389 deaths

paragraph: Margaret of Ravensberg

paragraph: Margaret of Ravensberg ( – 13 February 1389) was the daughter and heiress of Otto IV, Count of Ravensberg and Margaret of Berg-Windeck.

paragraph: Margaret's father, Otto, had no sons, so at his death in 1328, the County of Ravensberg went to his younger brother Bernhard. However, when Bernhard died in 1346 without issue, Margaret became the heiress of Ravensberg, her elder sister and only sibling, Hedwig, having died in 1336. Then, when Margaret's uncle, Adolf IX of Berg, died in 1348 without issue, Margaret also inherited Berg by right of her mother, since Margaret was Adolf's only surviving niece.

paragraph: As a result of her marriage to Gerhard VI of Jülich, Berg and Ravensberg passed into the house of Jülich where they remained until 1511 when they passed into the house of Cleves.

paragraph: Section::::Family and children.

paragraph: Margaret married Gerhard VI of Jülich. They had three children:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Elizabeth (c. 1346 – aft 1388), married Henry VI, Count of Waldeck

paragraph: BULLET::::2. William (c.1348 – 1408)

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Margaret (c. 1350 – 1425/29), married Adolf I of Kleve-Mark

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Saxon Nobility

description: German noblewoman

wikidata_label: Margaret of Ravensberg

wikipedia_title: Margaret of Ravensberg


text:
Isle of Man TT
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
New Gerrard
1922 Junior TT
In 1923
in 1924
Ultra-Lightweight TT
1927 TT races
Belgian motorcycle Grand Prix
German motorcycle Grand Prix
250 cc motorcycle European champion
Comely Bank Cemetery
Glasgow Museums
Bonhams
Antiques Roadshow

categories: Motorcycle racers,1952 deaths,1894 births,Scottish sportsmen

paragraph: Jock Porter

paragraph: John Adam Porter (1894–1952), known as Jock, was the first Scotsman to win the Isle of Man TT motorcycle race, and was a European Grand Prix motorcycle racing champion.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: From 1922 to 1940 he also marketed his own brand of motorcycle, New Gerrard. Riding these bikes, he competed in the 1922 Junior TT, but retired early. In 1923, he won the 250cc TT at an average speed of , and in 1924, won the first Ultra-Lightweight TT (175cc), at an average speed of . During practices for the 1927 TT races, he suffered a badly cut face after a collision with a Norton motorcycle ridden by H. Mathews.

paragraph: He also won the Belgian motorcycle Grand Prix at 250cc three times, in 1925, 1926 and 1929 and the same class in the German motorcycle Grand Prix of 1926. He was 250 cc motorcycle European champion for 1925 and 1926.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Porter died on 20 November 1952 and is buried at Comely Bank Cemetery, Edinburgh, along with his wife Margaret.

paragraph: Glasgow Museums have Porter's New Gerrard Blackburne 248cc of 1923 in their collection, having acquired it in 1976. , it is in storage, and so not on public display.

paragraph: In 2008, two albums of photographs and postcards of TT races, from 1921 onwards, which once belonged to Porter, were sold at auction by Bonhams for £3,220 (including premium). In 2012, his granddaughter showed some of his trophies and other memorabilia, on the BBC programme Antiques Roadshow.

description: motorcycle race champion

wikidata_label: Jock Porter

wikipedia_title: Jock Porter


text: United States Army

text: Medal of Honor

text: World War II

text: Brooklyn, New York

text: Staff Sergeant

text: 18th Infantry Regiment

text: 1st Infantry Division

text: Eisern

text: Germany

text: German

text: mortar

text: List of Medal of Honor recipients

categories: American army personnel killed in World War II,Year of birth missing,United States Army Medal of Honor recipients,People from Brooklyn,1945 deaths,United States Army soldiers

paragraph: George Peterson (Medal of Honor)

paragraph: George Peterson (died March 30, 1945) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in World War II.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Peterson joined the Army from his birthplace of Brooklyn, New York, and by March 30, 1945 was serving as a Staff Sergeant in Company K, 18th Infantry Regiment, 1st Infantry Division. During a battle on that day, near Eisern, Germany, Peterson was severely wounded but continued in the fight and single-handedly destroyed three German machinegun nests before receiving another, fatal, wound. He was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor seven months later, on October 17, 1945.

paragraph: Section::::Medal of Honor.

paragraph: Staff Sergeant Peterson's official Medal of Honor citation reads:

paragraph: He was an acting platoon sergeant with Company K, near Eisern, Germany. When his company encountered an enemy battalion and came under heavy small-arms, machinegun, and mortar fire, the 2d Platoon was given the mission of flanking the enemy positions while the remaining units attacked frontally. S/Sgt. Peterson crept and crawled to a position in the lead and motioned for the 2d Platoon to follow. A mortar shell fell close by and severely wounded him in the legs, but, although bleeding and suffering intense pain, he refused to withdraw and continued forward. Two hostile machineguns went into action at close range. Braving this grazing fire, he crawled steadily toward the guns and worked his way alone to a shallow draw, where, despite the hail of bullets, he raised himself to his knees and threw a grenade into the nearest machinegun nest, silencing the weapon and killing or wounding all its crew. The second gun was immediately turned on him, but he calmly and deliberately threw a second grenade which rocked the position and killed all 4 Germans who occupied it. As he continued forward he was spotted by an enemy rifleman, who shot him in the arm. Undeterred, he crawled some 20 yards until a third machinegun opened fire on him. By almost superhuman effort, weak from loss of blood and suffering great pain, he again raised himself to his knees and fired a grenade from his rifle, killing 3 of the enemy guncrew and causing the remaining one to flee. With the first objective seized, he was being treated by the company aid man when he observed 1 of his outpost men seriously wounded by a mortar burst. He wrenched himself from the hands of the aid man and began to crawl forward to assist his comrade, whom he had almost reached when he was struck and fatally wounded by an enemy bullet. S/Sgt. Peterson, by his gallant, intrepid actions, unrelenting fighting spirit, and outstanding initiative, silenced 3 enemy machineguns against great odds and while suffering from severe wounds, enabling his company to advance with minimum casualties.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War II

wikidata_label: George Peterson

wikipedia_title: George Peterson (Medal of Honor)


text: Dieuze

text: Lothringen

text: Bern

text: Reformed

text: theologian

text: Reformation

text: Moselle

text: Thirty Years War

text: Humanism

text: Benedictine monastery

text: Lixheim

text: Moselle

text: deacon

text: Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg

text: Matthäus Zell

text: Bucer

text: Capito

text: Augsburg Interim

text: Switzerland

text: Bern

text: biblical commentaries

text: systematic theology

text: J. S. Bach

text: Psalm 23

text: chorale cantata

text: Leipzig

categories: German Protestant clergy,German Christian monks,Swiss Calvinist and Reformed theologians,16th-century Swiss people,German male non-fiction writers,German Calvinist and Reformed theologians,16th-century Calvinist and Reformed theologians,People from Dieuze,1497 births,German Roman Catholic priests,1563 deaths

paragraph: Wolfgang Musculus

paragraph: Wolfgang Musculus, born "Müslin" or "Mauslein", (10 September 1497 in Dieuze, Lothringen – 30 August 1563 in Bern) was a Reformed theologian of the Reformation.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Born in the village of Duss (Moselle), in a German-speaking area (French-speaking, from the Thirty Years War), he foreshadows in himself in a prescient manner all his region's history. A lover of song and of knowledge, of languages, Humanism and religion, he was swept up, along with the rest of his countrymen into the tempests and tears of his age. His great skill has made him known all over Europe and the oral tradition of his songs still rings today in the churches of the Reformation.

paragraph: In 1527, he left the Benedictine monastery at Lixheim (now in the area of Moselle), to serve as deacon of the Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg () and preaching assistant to Matthäus Zell while studying under Bucer and Capito. He left for Augsburg in 1531, and after 17 years of service, he left the town after the introduction of the Augsburg Interim, and came to Switzerland, where he was the primary professor of theology at Bern from 1549. At Bern, he wrote several biblical commentaries and "Loci communes sacrae theologiae" ("Common Places of the Christian Religion"), a major systematic theology.

paragraph: J. S. Bach used Musculus' 1530 hymn, a paraphrase of Psalm 23, as the text for his chorale cantata "Der Herr ist mein getreuer Hirt", BWV 112, which he first performed in Leipzig in 1731.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- . The Validity of Children at the Lord's Table in the Words of an Early Reformed Theologian.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Includes appendices on oaths and usury.

description: Reformed theologian of the Reformation

wikidata_label: Wolfgang Musculus

wikipedia_title: Wolfgang Musculus


text:
jazz
Newark, New Jersey
Barons of Rhythm
Frankie Newton
Hot Lips Page
Roy Eldridge
Trummy Young
Ella Fitzgerald
Benny Carter
Coleman Hawkins
Cab Calloway
Blue Note
Thelonious Monk
Bud Powell
sight reading
arranger
big band
hard bop
bossa nova
soul jazz
Alfred Lion
singles
Grant Green
Woodland Cemetery
Newark, New Jersey
From Hackensack to Englewood Cliffs
Blue Note
The Complete Blue Note 45 Sessions
Mosaic Records
Heavy Soul
It Might as Well Be Spring
Easy Living
Soul Samba
Bennie Green
Stanley Turrentine
Sonny Clark
Leapin' and Lopin'
Grant Green
Born to Be Blue
The Latin Bit
Dodo Greene
My Hour of Need
Jimmy Smith
Open House
Plain Talk

wikipedia_title: It Might as Well Be Spring (Ike Quebec album)

categories: 20th-century saxophonists,1963 deaths,Deaths from lung cancer,American male saxophonists,Hard bop saxophonists,Deaths from cancer in New York (state),20th-century American musicians,1918 births,Blue Note Records artists,Burials in New Jersey,American jazz tenor saxophonists,Soul-jazz saxophonists,Male jazz musicians,20th-century male musicians,Jump blues musicians

paragraph: Ike Quebec

paragraph: Ike Abrams Quebec (August 17, 1918 – January 16, 1963) was an American jazz tenor saxophonist. He began his career in the big band era of the 1940s, then fell from prominence for a time until launching a comeback in the years before his death.

paragraph: Critic Alex Henderson wrote, "Though he was never an innovator, Quebec had a big, breathy sound that was distinctive and easily recognizable, and he was quite consistent when it came to down-home blues, sexy ballads, and up-tempo aggression."

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Quebec was born in Newark, New Jersey. An accomplished dancer and pianist, he switched to tenor sax as his primary instrument in his early twenties, and quickly earned a reputation as a promising player. His recording career started in 1940, with the Barons of Rhythm.

paragraph: Later on, he recorded or performed with Frankie Newton, Hot Lips Page, Roy Eldridge, Trummy Young, Ella Fitzgerald, Benny Carter and Coleman Hawkins. Between 1944 and 1951, he worked intermittently with Cab Calloway. He began to record for the Blue Note label in this era, and served as a talent scout (helping pianists Thelonious Monk and Bud Powell come to wider attention). Due to his exceptional sight reading skills, Quebec was also an uncredited impromptu arranger for many Blue Note sessions.

paragraph: Due in part to struggles with drug addiction (but also due to the fading popularity of the big bands), Quebec recorded only sporadically during the 1950s, though he still performed regularly. He kept abreast of new developments in jazz, and his later playing incorporated elements of hard bop, bossa nova, and soul jazz.

paragraph: In 1959 he began what amounted to a comeback with a series of albums on the Blue Note label. Blue Note executive Alfred Lion was always fond of Quebec's music, but was unsure how audiences would respond to the saxophonist after a decade of low visibility. In the mid-to-late 1950s, Blue Note issued a series of Quebec singles for the juke box market; audiences responded well, leading to a number of warmly-received albums. Quebec occasionally recorded on piano, as on his 1961 "Blue & Sentimental" album, where he alternated between tenor and piano, playing the latter behind Grant Green's guitar solos.

paragraph: Quebec's comeback was short-lived; it was ended by his death from lung cancer. He is buried at Woodland Cemetery, Newark, New Jersey.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Quebec's cousin Danny Quebec West was an alto saxophonist who, at the age of 17, recorded with Thelonious Monk on his first session for Blue Note in 1947.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As leader.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "From Hackensack to Englewood Cliffs" (Blue Note, 1959 [rel. 2000])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Complete Blue Note 45 Sessions" (Blue Note, 1959–1962 [rel. 2005]) 2-CD set; originally released on Mosaic Records in 1988; also contains 8 of the 10 tracks on "From Hackensack to Englewood Cliffs".

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Heavy Soul" (Blue Note 84093, 1961 [rel. 1962])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "It Might as Well Be Spring" (Blue Note 84105, 1961 [rel. 1964])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blue & Sentimental" (Blue Note 84098, 1961 [rel. 1963])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Easy Living" (Blue Note 84103 (LP)/46846 (CD), 1962 [rel. 1987]) the CD issue contains all 5 "sextet" tracks that were first released on "Congo Lament".

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Soul Samba" (Blue Note 84114, 1962 [rel. 1963])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "With a Song in My Heart" (Blue Note LT-1052 (LP), 1962 [rel. 1980]) collects 9 tracks that later appeared on "The Complete Blue Note 45 Sessions".

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Congo Lament" (Blue Note LT-1089 (LP), 1962 [rel. 1981]) sextet recordings with Bennie Green, Stanley Turrentine.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As sideman.

paragraph: with Sonny Clark

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Leapin' and Lopin'" (1961, Blue Note) - on one track only

paragraph: with Grant Green

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Born to Be Blue" (1962, Blue Note)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Latin Bit" (1962, Blue Note) - on two CD bonus tracks

paragraph: with Dodo Greene

paragraph: BULLET::::- "My Hour of Need" (1962, Blue Note)

paragraph: With Jimmy Smith

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Open House" (1960, Blue Note)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Plain Talk" (1960, Blue Note)

description: American jazz tenor saxophonist

wikidata_label: Ike Quebec

wikipedia_title: Ike Quebec


text:
Rebbe
Hasidic
Ger
Agudas Israel
Biala
Treblinka
the Holocaust
Pinchas Menachem Alter
Palestine
Sokolover Rebbe
Jerusalem
Safed
Hebron
Tiberias
Tel Aviv
Nazi
Sfas Emes Yeshiva
1948 Arab-Israeli War
Shavuot
Jordan
Arab Legion
Mount of Olives
Beis Yisrael
Lev Simcha
Yisrael Alter
Simchah Bunim Alter
Pinchas Menachem Alter
ohel
Bnei Re'em
highway 40
highway 3
Yitzchak Meir Alter
Chanokh Heynekh HaKohen Levin
Yehudah Aryeh Leib Alter
Yisrael Alter
Simcha Bunim Alter
Pinchas Menachem Alter
Yaakov Aryeh Alter

wikipedia_title:
Rebbe
Hasidic Judaism
Ger (Hasidic dynasty)
World Agudath Israel
Biała Podlaska
Treblinka extermination camp
The Holocaust
Pinchas Menachem Alter
Mandatory Palestine
Kotsk (Hasidic dynasty)
Jerusalem
Safed
Hebron
Tiberias
Tel Aviv
Nazism
Sfas Emes Yeshiva
1948 Arab–Israeli War
Shavuot
Jordan
Arab Legion
Mount of Olives
Yisrael Alter
Simcha Bunim Alter
Yisrael Alter
Simcha Bunim Alter
Pinchas Menachem Alter
Ohel (grave)
Bnei Re'em
Highway 40 (Israel)
Highway 3 (Israel)
Yitzchak Meir Alter
Chanokh Heynekh HaKohen Levin
Yehudah Aryeh Leib Alter
Yisrael Alter
Simcha Bunim Alter
Pinchas Menachem Alter
Yaakov Aryeh Alter

categories: Rebbes of Ger,Hasidic rabbis in Europe,1866 births,Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah,Polish Orthodox rabbis,1948 deaths,20th-century rabbis,Rabbis in Ottoman Palestine

paragraph: Avraham Mordechai Alter

paragraph: Avraham Mordechai Alter (, ; 25 December 1866 – 3 June 1948), also known as the Imrei Emes after the works he authored, was the fourth Rebbe of the Hasidic dynasty of Ger, a position he held from 1905 until his death in 1948. He was one of the founders of the Agudas Israel in Poland and was influential in establishing a network of Jewish schools there. It is claimed that at one stage he led over 200,000 Hasidim.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: He had eight children by his first wife, Chaya Ruda Czarna, daughter of Noah Czarny, a prominent Gerrer Hasid in Biala. His eldest son, Rabbi Meir Alter, who was a Torah scholar and businessman, perished in Treblinka during the Holocaust with his children and grandchildren. His second son, Rabbi Yitzchak Alter, died in 1934 in Poland.

paragraph: In 1922, his wife Chaya Ruda died. Some time later he married his niece, Feyge Mintshe Biderman, who bore him his youngest child, Pinchas Menachem Alter, in 1926.

paragraph: In 1924, Rabbi Avraham Mordechai visited Palestine together with his brother in-law, Rabbi Hirsh Heynekh Lewin, his son-in-law Rabbi Yitzchak Meir Alter and the Sokolover Rebbe, Rabbi Yitzchak Zelig Morgensztern. Over a six-week period, they visited Jerusalem, Safed, Hebron, Tiberias and Tel Aviv.

paragraph: Section::::World War II.

paragraph: During World War II, Rabbi Avraham Mordechai was a prime target of the Nazi authorities in German occupied Poland. In 1940, he managed to escape to Palestine with several of his sons and began to slowly rebuild his Hasidic dynasty. He resided in the Sfas Emes Yeshiva from 1940 until his death in 1948.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: With the outbreak of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, he was trapped in Jerusalem. He died during the holiday of Shavuot of natural causes during the siege of the city by the Jordanian Arab Legion. As bodies could not be removed to the Mount of Olives during wartime, he was buried in the yeshiva courtyard on the condition that he would be reburied elsewhere after the war. However, his sons and successors, the Beis Yisrael and Lev Simcha, declined to go through with the reburial.

paragraph: After his death, the dynasty continued with his three remaining sons, who became the consecutive next three heads of the Gerrer Hasidim worldwide: Rabbi Yisrael Alter (fifth rebbe of Ger); Rabbi Simchah Bunim Alter (sixth rebbe of Ger); and Rabbi Pinchas Menachem Alter (seventh rebbe of Ger). In 1996, Rabbi Pinchas Menachem Alter was buried next to his father in the courtyard and a red-brick ohel was placed over both graves, which are visited regularly by students in the adjoining yeshiva.

paragraph: The Hebrew acronym for Rabbi Avraham Mordechai is "Re'em (). A religious moshav in central Israel is named for the Rebbe, Bnei Re'em, ("lit." Sons of Re'em) as well as the nearby junction of highway 40 and highway 3.

paragraph: Section::::Rebbes of Ger.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Yitzchak Meir Alter (1799–1866)

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Chanokh Heynekh HaKohen Levin (1798–1870)

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Yehudah Aryeh Leib Alter (1847–1905)

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Avraham Mordechai Alter (1866–1948)

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Yisrael Alter (1895–1977)

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Simcha Bunim Alter (1898–1992)

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Pinchas Menachem Alter (1926–1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Yaakov Aryeh Alter (b. 1939)

description: Third Gerrer Rebbe

wikidata_label: Avraham Mordechai Alter

wikipedia_title: Avraham Mordechai Alter


text: authority

text: halakha

text: Opatów

text: Poland

text: Rashi

text: King David

text: yeshiva

text: Ludmir

text: Brody

text: dayan

text: Yampol

text: Jacob Emden

text: Jonathan Eybeschütz

text: "The Emden-Eybeschütz Controversy"

text: Sabbatean

text: kabbalah

text: Prague

text: rabbi

text: Avraham Danzig

text: Chayei Adam

text: Berlin

text: Moses Mendelssohn

text: Pentateuch

text: Samuel Landau

text: dayyan

text: Prague

text: Baruch Jeiteles

text: responsa

text: autopsy

text: Acharonim

text: Rishonim

text: Shulkhan Arukh

text: Song of Solomon

text: Talmud

text: Elazar Fleckeles

text: Yehuda haChasid

text: sefer

text: Zohar

text: Rashbi

text: haskalah

text: Hartwig Wessely

text: Hasidic

text: Ezekiel ben Judah Landau

text: Yechezkel Landau — The Nodah Biyehudah

text: Dagul Mervavah

text: HaNoda Bihudah Umishnato

text: Noda Bihudah, Prague, 1776

text: Ziun L'nefesh Chaya on Brachot

text: Ziun L'nefesh Chaya on Beitza

text: Ziun L'nefesh Chaya on Psachim

text: Drushei HaTzlach

text: Ahavas Tziyon

text: Doresh Letziyon

text: Eulogy on Queen Maria Theresa

categories: Rabbis of Prague,Czech Orthodox rabbis,1793 deaths,Czech people of Polish-Jewish descent,Polish Orthodox rabbis,People from Opatów,1713 births,Later Acharonim

paragraph: Yechezkel Landau

paragraph: Yechezkel ben Yehuda HaLevi Landau (8 October 1713 – 29 April 1793) was an influential authority in halakha (Jewish law). He is best known for the work "Noda Biyhudah" (נודע ביהודה), by which title he is also known.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Landau was born in Opatów, Poland, to a family that traced its lineage back to Rashi (and through Rashi, King David), and attended "yeshiva" at Ludmir and Brody. In Brody, he was appointed dayan (rabbinical judge) in 1734.

paragraph: In 1745 Landau became rabbi of Yampol. While in Yampol, he attempted to mediate between Jacob Emden and Jonathan Eybeschütz in a debate—"The Emden-Eybeschütz Controversy"—that "had disrupted Jewish communal life for many years". Emden had accused Eybeschuetz of being a crypto Sabbatean, primarily based on amulets Eybeschuetz had written, which Emden believed contained Sabbatean kabbalah. Landau proposed a compromise, in which all amulets allegedly written by Eybeschuetz would be hidden away, and Eybeschuetz would accept to refrain from producing any amulets in the future. Furthermore, all accusations against Eybeschuetz would stop, and no further polemics would be published. Landau's role in the Emden - Eybeschuetz controversy is described as "tactful" and brought him to the attention of the community of Prague—where, in 1755, he was appointed rabbi. He also established a "yeshiva" there; Avraham Danzig, author of "Chayei Adam", is amongst his best known students.

paragraph: Landau was highly esteemed not only by the community, but also by others; and he stood high in favor in government circles. Thus, in addition to his rabbinical tasks, he was able to intercede with the government on various occasions when anti-Semitic measures had been introduced. Though not opposed to secular knowledge, he objected to "that culture which came from Berlin", in particular Moses Mendelssohn's translation of the Pentateuch.

paragraph: His son, Samuel Landau (1752 – 31 October 1834, Prague), was chief dayyan of Prague. Landau was the champion of Orthodox Rabbinism, and when, at the end of the eighteenth century, the Austrian emperor planned the establishment of Jewish theological seminaries, Landau was one of the rabbis that objected thereto. He had a controversy on this subject with Baruch Jeiteles (Phinehas Hananiah Argosi di Silva), who, under the title of "Ha-Oreb", published (Vienna, 1795) Landau's letter to him and his own rejoinder. Landau published his responsa under the title of "Shibat Ẓiyyon" (Prague, 1827). He edited his father's "Ahabat Ẓiyyon" and "Doresh le-Ẓiyyon" (ib. 1827), adding to the former work four homilies of his own, and to the latter a number of halakic discourses. [Jewish Encyclopedia]

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: His main work of responsa, titled Noda Biyhudah (נודע ביהודה, "Known in Judah", a reference to Psalms 76:2 and his father's name), is one of the principal sources of Jewish law of his age. Famous decisions include those limiting autopsy to prevent a clear and present danger in known others. This collection was esteemed by rabbis and scholars, both for its logic and for its independence with regard to the rulings of other "Acharonim" as well as its simultaneous adherence to the writings of the "Rishonim".

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Other works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dagul Mervavah" on the Shulkhan Arukh (cf. Song of Solomon 5:10)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tziyun le-Nefesh Chayah" (abbreviated as "Tzelach", named in reference to his mother, whose name was Chayah) on the Talmud.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Drushei HaTzlach", a collection of sermons.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ahavas Tzion"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Doresh LeTzion"

paragraph: Section::::Notable views.

paragraph: Section::::Notable views.:Returning to the Talmud.

paragraph: Landau was disturbed by the increasing influence of non-Talmudic sources on the Jewish community. He believed that many kabbalistic concepts were being understood in a heretical fashion, and was especially concerned with the prospect of the kabbalistic ideology of the Sabbatean movement infiltrating the populace. Landau frequently spoke against teaching Kabbalah to the masses, and was echoed in this regard by his student, Elazar Fleckeles, who praised the government for instituting laws limiting the study of kabbalah. In his responsa, when asked about matters that had no source in the Talmud, Landau would often respond, "it is not my way to study any issue which is not discussed in the Talmud". He responded in such a manner to inquiries about the ethical will of Rabbi Yehuda haChasid, which contains various instructions not found in the Talmud, a question about the proper manner of writing certain letters in the Torah scroll according to kabbalistic literature, and other similar questions.

paragraph: Section::::Notable views.:Opinion on the Zohar.

paragraph: In his sefer "Derushei HaTzlach", Landau argued that the Zohar can not be considered reliable, since it only came into the hands of the Jewish people many hundreds of years after Rashbi's death, and thus lacks an unbroken "mesorah" as to its authenticity, among other reasons.

paragraph: Section::::Notable views.:Clashes with the haskalah movement.

paragraph: Landau condemned the haskalah movement in harsh terms. In numerous public sermons, he campaigned against the study of heretical philosophy. He particularly singled out Hartwig Wessely for criticism after the publication of the latter's "Divrei Shalom V'emes", which advocated abandoning the traditional Jewish educational system, in favor of one with an emphasis on secular studies.

paragraph: Section::::Notable views.:Opposition to Chasiddus.

paragraph: Landau was a staunch opponent of the nascent Hasidic movement. In one response, he writes "...In this generation of ours [people] have abandoned God’s Torah and the source of living waters–the two Talmuds, Bavli and Yerushalmi–to dig for themselves broken cisterns. And in the haughtiness of their hearts they exalt themselves; each one says “I am the one who sees, to me the gates to heaven have opened, and on my account the world is sustained.” These [people] are the destroyers of the generation and of this orphaned generation I say that God’s ways are just, and the righteous shall walk in them, and the "Chasidim" shall stumble in them [This is an alteration of Hoshea 14:14, in which the prophet says that "sinners" will stumble in them.]…"

paragraph: Section::::Notable views.:Opposition to the Sabbatean movement.

paragraph: According to Sid Z. Leiman and Maoz Kahana, although Landau was extremely active in combating the Sabbatean movement, he believed the most effective means of eradicating it would be to aggressively counter overt Sabbateanism, while ignoring those Sabbateans who stayed hidden. Simultaneously, Landau sought to weaken the appeal of kabbalah (the study of which often lured people to the Sabbatean movement). Thus, Landau aimed to deprive the Sabbateans of any platform, and cause the Sabbatean movement to wither on its own. Besides the specific debate over the status of Jonathan Eybeschuetz, Jacob Emden expressed strong disagreement with Landau's approach, advocating instead for a far more aggressive anti Sabbatean strategy.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ezekiel ben Judah Landau, jewishencyclopedia.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yechezkel Landau — The Nodah Biyehudah, jewishvirtuallibrary.org

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rabbi Ezkiel Landau (5473-5553; 1713-1793), chabad.org

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dagul Mervavah

paragraph: BULLET::::- HaNoda Bihudah Umishnato

paragraph: BULLET::::- Noda Bihudah, Prague, 1776

paragraph: BULLET::::- Noda Bihudah, Mahadura Kamma, New York, 1960

paragraph: BULLET::::- Noda Bihudah, Mahadura Tinyana, New York, 1960

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ziun L'nefesh Chaya on Brachot

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ziun L'nefesh Chaya on Beitza

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ziun L'nefesh Chaya on Psachim

paragraph: BULLET::::- Drushei HaTzlach

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ahavas Tziyon

paragraph: BULLET::::- Doresh Letziyon

paragraph: BULLET::::- Deists, Sabbatians and Kabbalists in Prague: A Censored Sermon of R. Ezekiel Landau, 1770 (Hebrew)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eulogy on Queen Maria Theresa

description: Polish Orthodox rabbi

wikidata_label: Yechezkel Landau

wikipedia_title: Yechezkel Landau


text:
basketball
Pallacanestro Varese
Lega Basket Serie A
shooting guard
Okapi Aalstar
Belgian Basketball League
Spirou Charleroi
BG Göttingen
Basketball Bundesliga
Antwerp Giants
Most Valuable Player
Fraport Skyliners

categories: American men's basketball players,American expatriate basketball people in Belgium,American expatriate basketball people in Germany,American expatriate basketball people in Turkey,Shooting guards,Okapi Aalstar players,Skyliners Frankfurt players,Antwerp Giants players,1990 births,BG Göttingen players,Spirou Charleroi players,Basketball players from Virginia,Living people,Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball players

paragraph: Jason Clark (basketball)

paragraph: Jason D'Martez Clark (born January 16, 1990) is an American professional basketball player for Pallacanestro Varese of the Italian Lega Basket Serie A. Clark usually plays as shooting guard.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: On July 5, 2012, Clark signed with Okapi Aalstar of the Belgian Basketball League.

paragraph: On August 8, 2013, Clark signed a contract with Spirou Charleroi for the 2013–14 season.

paragraph: On September 7, 2014, Clark signed an 8-week contract with BG Göttingen of the German Basketball Bundesliga. On October 24, 2014, Clark returned to Okapi Aalstar by signing a 1-year deal.

paragraph: On June 25, 2016, Clark signed with Antwerp Giants for the 2016–17 season. After the regular season of the Belgian League, Clark was named Most Valuable Player.

paragraph: Clark signed with the Fraport Skyliners on August 8, 2018.

description: American basketball player (1990-)

wikidata_label: Jason Clark

wikipedia_title: Jason Clark (basketball)


text: Jean-Baptiste Janson

text: Conservatoire de Paris

text: Jean-Henri Levasseur

text: Pierre Baillot

text: Père-Lachaise Cemetery

text: François-Joseph Fétis

text: Arthur Pougin

text: Charles Baudiot

text: Cellists of the Parisian School

text: Charles Baudiot

categories: 1773 births,1849 deaths,French classical cellists,French classical composers,Musicians from Nancy, France,Academics of the Conservatoire de Paris

paragraph: Charles Baudiot

paragraph: Charles-Nicolas Baudiot (29 March 1773 – 26 September 1849) was a French classical cellist and composer.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Baudiot received lessons from Jean-Baptiste Janson the older, and succeeded his master as professor at the Conservatoire de Paris in 1802. Shortly after his entrance into this school, he was commissioned to do with Jean-Henri Levasseur a cello method which was written by Pierre Baillot.

paragraph: Baudiot, who held a post at the Ministry of Finance, was one of the professors who retained their seats at the Conservatoire, when it was reorganized in 1816 as the Royal School of Music, and he gained the title of first cello of the King's Chapel. In 1822 he applied for and obtained his retirement as professor of the Conservatoire with a pension for his former services. From then on, he made several trips to France to give concerts before dying at the age of seventy-four.

paragraph: Baudiot is buried in the 17th division of the Père-Lachaise Cemetery.

paragraph: Section::::Compositions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Two cello concertos; Paris, Frey

paragraph: BULLET::::- Two concertinos for the same instrument, works of the 19th and 20th; Paris, Pleyel

paragraph: BULLET::::- Trio for violin, viola and cello, Op. 3

paragraph: BULLET::::- Two works of duets for two cellos, Op. 5 and 7

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pot-pourri for cello, with accompaniment of quartet; Paris, Frey

paragraph: BULLET::::- Three fantasies for cello with piano accompaniment, Op. 12; Paris, Pleyel

paragraph: BULLET::::- Three, idem, Op. 20

paragraph: BULLET::::- Three nocturnes for cello and harp; Paris, Pacini

paragraph: BULLET::::- Two works of cello sonatas with bass accompaniment; Paris, Pleyel and Naderman

paragraph: BULLET::::- Trios for piano, cello and horn, and for piano, harp and cello

paragraph: BULLET::::- Various themes for cello and piano

paragraph: BULLET::::- Three duos with a progressive difficulty for cello and piano on themes of Rossini and Auber, Op. 31

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cello method to the use at the Conservatory, with Levasseur and Baillot; Paris, Brandus

paragraph: BULLET::::- Complete Cello Method, Op. 25

paragraph: BULLET::::- Instruction for composers, or notions about the mechanism and fingering of the cello and how to write for this instrument; Paris, Richaut

paragraph: BULLET::::- Many pieces arranged after Lafont and Beriot, for the cello.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- François-Joseph Fétis, Arthur Pougin, "Biographie universelle des musiciens et bibliographie générale de la musique", Paris, Firmin-Didot, vol. 2, 1866, (pp. 274–5).

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Charles Baudiot on "Toutes les musiques du monde"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cellists of the Parisian School on Cello.org

paragraph: BULLET::::- Charles Baudiot in "One Hundred Years of Violoncello: A History of Technique and Performance."

description: French cellist, composer and music educator

wikidata_label: Charles Baudiot

wikipedia_title: Charles Baudiot


href: Monmouthshire Llangattock%20Lingoed Usk Usk Devauden Llangattock-Lingoed Llangattock-Lingoed

text:
Monmouthshire
Llangattock Lingoed
Usk
Usk
Devauden
Llangattock-Lingoed
Llangattock-Lingoed

categories: 1849 deaths,Welsh schoolteachers,1765 births

paragraph: James Davies (schoolmaster)

paragraph: James Davies (1765 - 1849) was a Welsh schoolmaster. His parents, Edward and Judith Davies, were Monmouthshire farmers. As a boy he attended Llangattock Lingoed school, before entering employment as a Lawyer's assistant. He did not remain the position for long, instead taking up weaving as a profession. In 1896 he married, but it was an unhappy marriage, and he left to become a pedlar for a while. After his wife's death he moved to Usk, and for a few years earned a living as a shopkeeper. In 1812 he took up a schoolmaster position at Usk School, before in 1815 opening a new school at Devauden. He is described as being a stern disciplinarian, but was also a generous man, and provided Bibles and other books at his own expense. He held strong religious beliefs, and it would seem thus, the school-house eventually became a 'chapel-of-ease' (where he served as a clerk), and a new school (the 'James Davies School') was built.

paragraph: Returning to Llangattock-Lingoed in 1848, he took charge of his old school there, despite being now 83 years of age. He died Llangattock-Lingoed the following year.

description: Welsh schoolmaster of Devauden (1765-1849)

wikidata_label: James Davies

wikipedia_title: James Davies (schoolmaster)


text: Prince of Slutsk

text: Olelkovich

text: Gediminids

text: Algirdas

text: Grand Duke of Lithuania

text: Crimean Tatars

text: Principality of Moldavia

text: Genoese colonies

text: Principality of Theodoro

text: Crimea

text: Mikhail III of Tver

text: Prince of Tver

text: Principality of Kiev

text: Kiev Voivodeship

text: List of Ukrainian rulers

categories: Burials at Kiev Pechersk Lavra,Gediminids

paragraph: Simeon Olelkovich

paragraph: Simeon (Simon) Olelkovich (, , ; 1420–1470) was the last Prince of Kiev from 1454 to 1470 and the Prince of Slutsk from 1443 to 1455.

paragraph: A member of the Olelkovich family, he descended from the Gediminids dynasty and was a great-grandson of Algirdas, the Grand Duke of Lithuania. After his father's death he inherited the Principality of Kiev. He conducted an independent policy, fought with the Crimean Tatars, maintained close ties with the Principality of Moldavia, the Genoese colonies and the Principality of Theodoro in the Crimea.

paragraph: His daughter was married to Mikhail III of Tver, the last Prince of Tver.

paragraph: After the death of Simon Olelkovich, the Principality of Kiev was transformed into the Kiev Voivodeship.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Ukrainian rulers

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- F. Shabuldo. Simon Olelkovich // Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine, 2012. p 522.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Леонтій ВОЙТОВИЧ. КНЯЗІВСЬКІ ДИНАСТІЇ СХІДНОЇ ЄВРОПИ (кінець IX — початок XVI ст.): склад, суспільна і політична роль. Історико-генеалогічне дослідження. - Львів, 2000 р

paragraph: BULLET::::- Г. Івакін. Історичний розвиток Києва XIII — середина XVI ст. — К., 1996. — С. 42-108.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Długosz Jan. Dziejów polskich… — Tom V. — 1870 — S. 515

paragraph: BULLET::::- Semkowicz W. Gasztołd Jan (Iwaszko) // Polski Słownik Biograficzny. — Kraków, 1948—1958. — t. VII. — S. 298.

wikidata_label: Simeon Olelkovich

wikipedia_title: Simeon Olelkovich


text:
President of the United States
James A. Garfield
spoils system
Chester Arthur
James A. Garfield

categories: Presidency of James A. Garfield,1858 births,1941 deaths

paragraph: Joseph Stanley Brown

paragraph: Joseph Stanley Brown served as private secretary to the twentieth President of the United States, James A. Garfield. He would completely devote himself to Garfield, as seen when Garfield asked "What can I do for you?" at their first meeting, prompting Brown to respond, " "It's not what you can do for me, but what I can do for you, sir. " Brown would serve as Garfield's secretary during his brief presidency, controlling the office-seekers that ran rampant due to the spoils system, which Garfield's vice president Chester Arthur would eventually reform. He married President Garfield's daughter Mary "Mollie" Garfield in 1888.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- James A. Garfield

wikidata_label: Joseph Stanley Brown

wikipedia_title: Joseph Stanley Brown


text:
Grand Prix motorcycle racer
Czech Republic
Kyjov
Red Bull Rookies Cup
2008
Sturla Fagerhaug
Loncin
Alexis Masbou
Malaysian Grand Prix
Tomoyoshi Koyama
his home Grand Prix
2015
Silverstone
Valencia
2016
Malaysia
Czech Republic, 2018
Profile on motogp.com

categories: 1993 births,Moto3 World Championship riders,Czech motorcycle racers,125cc World Championship riders,Living people

paragraph: Jakub Kornfeil

paragraph: Jakub Kornfeil (born 8 April 1993) is a Grand Prix motorcycle racer from the Czech Republic. He currently competes in the Moto3 World Championship.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Early career.

paragraph: Born in Kyjov, Kornfeil started racing competitively in supermoto from the age of eight years, winning the 65 cc championship in 2002. Championships at national and European level in minibikes followed, as well as the Czech Republic 125GP Championship in 2007, before Kornfeil moved into the Red Bull Rookies Cup in 2008. Kornfeil finished eight of the season's ten races in the top ten places, as he finished ninth overall, tying on points with Daniel Ruiz. His second season in the championship was more successful, with top-eight finishes in every race, with three wins in the final four races enabling him to overhaul Sturla Fagerhaug by just two points. He also finished fourth in the Italian 125GP championship.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:125cc World Championship (2009–2011).

paragraph: After securing the Red Bull Rookies Cup, Kornfeil stepped up to Grand Prix level, making five appearances in the class towards the end of the season with the Loncin team, replacing Alexis Masbou. Kornfeil finished four of the races with a best result of 19th at the Malaysian Grand Prix.

paragraph: Kornfeil and Tomoyoshi Koyama both moved from the Loncin team to make up Racing Team Germany's lineup for the season. Although Koyama outscored his much less experienced team-mate, Kornfeil amassed 28 points from nine points-scoring finishes to end up 17th in the final championship standings. His best result in the season was a fifth place finish at his home Grand Prix which was held in damp conditions.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Moto3 World Championship (2012–).

paragraph: In 2015, Kornfeil achieved his best result with a second place finish in wet conditions at Silverstone. He added another podium finish at Valencia, as he finished twelfth in the final championship standings. In 2016, Kornfeil achieved his best result in championship with an 8th place, he added another podium finish in Malaysia. In Czech Republic, 2018 he added a pole position and podium finish.

paragraph: Section::::Career statistics.

paragraph: Section::::Career statistics.:Races by year.

paragraph: * Season still in progress.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile on motogp.com

description: Czech motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Jakub Kornfeil

wikipedia_title: Jakub Kornfeil


text:
Flete House
Holbeton
Member of Parliament
Plympton Erle
Okehampton
Royalist
Civil War
baronet
Modbury
Member of Parliament
Plympton Erle
Baronet of Fleet in the County of Devon
Baronetage of England
Sheriff of Devon
Short Parliament
Michael Oldisworth
Long Parliament
Siege of Plymouth
Pendennis Castle
fined
Okehampton
Cavalier Parliament
Thomas Hele
Member of Parliament
Plympton Erle
Dunster Castle
Sir Samuel Hele, 2nd Baronet
Farleigh Hungerford Castle
Sir Henry Hele, 3rd Baronet
Baron Eliot
Earl of St Germans
Holbeton
Red hand of Ulster

categories: Cavaliers,1595 births,1670 deaths,High Sheriffs of Devon,English MPs 1628–1629,English MPs 1640–1648,English MPs 1661–1679,Baronets in the Baronetage of England,English MPs 1626,English MPs 1640 (April)

paragraph: Sir Thomas Hele, 1st Baronet

paragraph: Sir Thomas Hele, 1st Baronet (c. 1595 – 16 November 1670) of Flete House in the parish of Holbeton in Devon, was three times elected a Member of Parliament for Plympton Erle, in 1626, 1628–29 and 1640 and once for Okehampton, in 1661–1670. He was a Royalist commander during the Civil War. He was created a baronet in 1627.

paragraph: Section::::Origins.

paragraph: Hele was the eldest son and heir of Thomas Hele (died 1624) of Flete by his wife Bridget Champernowne, 4th daughter of Sir Henry Champernowne (1538–1570) of Modbury, Devon.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In 1626 Hele was elected Member of Parliament for Plympton Erle. He was created Baronet of Fleet in the County of Devon in the Baronetage of England on 28 May 1627. In 1628 he was re-elected MP for Plympton Earl and sat until 1629 when King Charles decided to rule without parliament for eleven years. He was Sheriff of Devon for 1636.

paragraph: Hele was re-elected for Plympton in April 1640 for the Short Parliament in what appears to be a double return. In November 1640, his place was taken by Michael Oldisworth, but as Oldisworth chose to take up a seat at Salisbury, Hele was returned for the Long Parliament.

paragraph: Hele joined the King at Oxford in 1643 and was therefore disabled from sitting in parliament in January 1644. He was one of the chief commanders of the King's army and took part in the Siege of Plymouth and the defence of Pendennis Castle. He was fined for his actions against parliament at £280 per annum. In 1661 Hele was elected MP for Okehampton in the Cavalier Parliament and held the seat until his death in 1670.

paragraph: Section::::Marriages and children.

paragraph: Hele married twice:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Firstly to Penelope Johnson, daughter and co-heiress of Emorbe (Eniorbe(?)) Johnson of Wigborow in Somerset, by whom he had a son:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas Hele (1630–1665) of Wigborow, Member of Parliament for Plympton Erle from 1661 to 1665. He predeceased his father without children, having married Amy Luttrell, a daughter of Thomas Luttrell of Dunster Castle, Somerset.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Secondly to Elizabeth Elwes/Elwayes, da. of Edward Elwes/Elwayes of London. Married 16 July 1632 at Kensington. Step da. of Sir John Curson of Waterperry, by whom he had children as follows:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Samuel Hele, 2nd Baronet (died 1675/6), eldest surviving son and heir. In 1668 he married Mary Hungerford, a daughter of Anthony Hungerford of Farleigh Hungerford Castle in Wiltshire, by whom he had one daughter and sole heiress, Jane Hele, the wife of Sir Arthur Shene, Baronet. As he died without male children the baronetcy devolved to his younger brother Henry.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Henry Hele, 3rd Baronet (died 1677), heir of his brother Samuel. He married Susan Eliot, a daughter of John Eliot of St Germans, Cornwall, which family later was created Baron Eliot (1784) and Earl of St Germans (1815). He died without children, when the baronetcy became extinct.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Hele (born 1636), died young;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Susanna Hele, died young;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elizabeth Hele, wife of Richard Fowell of Blackhall;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Honor Hele (1639– ), wife firstly of Gregory Hockmore, secondly of Richard Bonithon of Carelew in Cornwall;

paragraph: Section::::Death and burial.

paragraph: Hele was buried in All Saints' Church, Holbeton, on 16 November 1670. His elaborate monument survives in the Fleet Chapel, at the east end of the north aisle of the church. The monument has four tiers, populated by effigies of 22 people, all members of the Hele family. On the lowest tier kneel Sir Thomas's two sons, facing each other over a prie-dieu. On the tier above lies the semi-recumbent figure of Sir Thomas Hele, dressed in full armour, excepting helm which rests by his shoulder. His two daughters kneel watching him in prayer, one at his head, the other at his feet. On the tier above him kneel a man and his wife, either side of a prie-dieu, the man on the left, his wife on the right. Behind the man are his five sons kneeling, behind the woman three daughters. On the top tier the arrangement is repeated, with two sons behind the man and four daughters behind the wife. The two uppermost tiers are thought to represent the family of sir Thomas's father and grandfather.

paragraph: On top of the monument is an escutcheon showing the arms of Hele (very worn). There is no inscription on the monument, but it is probable that the effigies represent Thomas Hele of Exeter, Thomas Hele of Fleet (his son), and his son Sir Thomas Hele who was the first baronet of the family. There is the Red hand of Ulster badge of a baronet in the arms which probably applies to Sir Thomas, the first baronet, but the style is earlier.

alias:
Thomas Hele
Sir Thomas Hele

description: English politician

wikidata_label: Sir Thomas Hele, 1st Baronet

wikipedia_title: Sir Thomas Hele, 1st Baronet