text: Indian independence

text: Bengali

text: Hindu

text: Hyderabad

text: Chennai

text: London

text: Cambridge

text: Mahatma Gandhi

text: Indian National Congress

text: Uttar Pradesh

text: Bengali

text: Hindu

text: Hyderabad

text: Bikrampur

text: Bangladesh

text: Edinburgh University

text: Nizam College

text: Virendranath Chattopadhyay

text: Harindranath

text: University of Madras

text: H.E.H. the Nizam's Charitable Trust

text: Nizam

text: Mir Mahbub Ali Khan

text: King's College, London

text: Girton College, Cambridge

text: Inter-caste marriage

text: Paidipati Padmaja

text: Quit India Movement

text: Uttar Pradesh

text: Indian national movements

text: partition of Bengal in 1905

text: Gopal Krishna Gokhale

text: Rabindranath Tagore

text: Muhammad Ali Jinnah

text: Annie Besant

text: C. P. Ramaswami Iyer

text: Mahatma Gandhi

text: Jawaharlal Nehru

text: Arthur Symons

text: Gopal Krishna Gokhale

text: Padmaja Naidu

text: Women's Indian Association

text: Annie Besant

text: Asian Relations Conference

text: Delhi

text: Tibetan Government

text: Mahatma Gandhi

text: Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru

text: Muhammad Ali Jinnah

text: Indian National Congress

text: Cawnpore

text: Kanpur

text: Kaisar-i-Hind Medal

text: Madan Mohan Malaviya

text: Salt March

text: Civil Disobedience Movement

text: Quit India Movement

text: cardiac arrest

text: IST

text: Government House

text: Lucknow

text: New Delhi

text: bloodletting

text: headache

text: Gomati River

text: Sarojini Naidu College for Women

text: Sarojini Naidu Medical College

text: Sarojini Devi Eye Hospital

text: University of Hyderabad

text: Aldous Huxley

text: Google Doodle

text: University of London

text: Muhammad Ali Jinnah

text: University of Hyderabad

text: University of Hyderabad

text: Hyderabad

text: available online

text: Padmaja Naidu

text: Indian poetry in English

text: Indian English literature

text: Indian literature

text: List of Indian poets

text: List of Indian writers

text: Indian poetry

text: Biography and Poems of Sarojini Naidu

text: Letter written by Sarojini Naidu

categories: Indian National Congress politicians from Telangana,19th-century Indian writers,Women state governors of India,People from Hyderabad, India,Brahmos,Women writers from Telangana,Women in Telangana politics,20th-century Indian politicians,English-language poets from India,1879 births,19th-century Indian poets,Women Indian independence activists,1949 deaths,19th-century Indian politicians,19th-century Indian women politicians,Alumni of Girton College, Cambridge,Women in Uttar Pradesh politics,Presidents of the Indian National Congress,Indian women poets,20th-century Indian poets,Alumni of King's College London,19th-century Indian women writers,20th-century Bengali poets,20th-century Indian women writers,20th-century Indian women politicians,People from Bikrampur,Indian tax resisters,Indian independence activists from Andhra Pradesh

paragraph: Sarojini Naidu

paragraph: Sarojini Naidu was an Indian independence activist and poet who earned the sobriquet of "Nightingale of India". She was born in a Bengali Hindu family in Hyderabad. She was educated in Chennai, London and Cambridge. She married Dr. Govindarajulu Naidu and settled down in Hyderabad. She took part in the Indian nationalist movement, became a follower of Mahatma Gandhi and fought for the attainment of "Swaraj" or independence. She became the President of Indian National Congress and was later appointed as Governor of the United Provinces, now Uttar Pradesh. She was the first woman Governor of India which at that time had a dominion status under the British crown. Known as the 'Nightingale of India', she was also a noted poet. Her poetry includes children's poems, nature poems, patriotic poems and poems of love and death. She also wrote poetry in praise of Muslim figures like Imam Hussain, in a time where Muslim-Hindu tensions ran high in pre-independence era.When issues regarding the split of India into a Muslim country and a Hindu country had already begun, and as she had got an inter-caste and inter-regional marriage in a time where this was uncommon, her goal was to bring all of India together regardless of any caste or religion.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and family.

paragraph: Sarojini Naidu was born in the house of Aghorenath Chattopadhyay, a Bengali Brahmin who was the principal of the Nizam's College in Hyderabad. Sarojini was born in a Bengali Hindu family in Hyderabad. Her parental home was at Brahmangaon in Bikrampur (in present-day Bangladesh). Her father, Aghorenath Chattopadhyay, with a doctorate of Science from Edinburgh University, settled in Hyderabad, where he administered Hyderabad college, which later became Nizam College in Hyderabad. Her mother, Barada Sundari Devi Chattopadhyay, was a poet and used to write poetry in Bengali.

paragraph: She was the eldest of the eight siblings. Her brother Virendranath Chattopadhyay was a revolutionary, and another brother Harindranath was a poet, a dramatist, and an actor. Their family was well-regarded in Hyderabad, not only for leading the Nizam College of Hyderabad, but also as Hyderabad's most famous artists in a time of British rule. Being an artist in the era of British rule in India was considered a risky career, yet with their progressive values, they pursued them anyway.

paragraph: Sarojini Naidu, having passed her matriculation examination from the University of Madras and took a four-year break from her studies. In 1895, H.E.H. the Nizam's Charitable Trust founded by the 6th Nizam, Mir Mahbub Ali Khan who gave her the chance to study in England, first at King's College, London and later at Girton College, Cambridge.

paragraph: Sarojini met Paidipati Govindarajulu Naidu, a physician, and at the age of 19, after finishing her studies, she married him. At that time, Inter-caste marriages were not as common as they are today, but both their families approved their marriage. In addition, at that time, inter-regional marriage was also uncommon and looked down upon. As Sarojini was from Bengal, while Paidipati Naidu was from Andhra Pradesh, this was an inter-regional marriage of North and South India, with two opposing cultures. The couple had five children. Their daughter Paidipati Padmaja also joined the independence movement and was part of the Quit India Movement. She was appointed the Governor of the State of Uttar Pradesh soon after Indian independence.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.

paragraph: Naidu joined the Indian national movements in the wake of partition of Bengal in 1905. She came in contact with Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Rabindranath Tagore, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Annie Besant, C. P. Ramaswami Iyer, Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru.

paragraph: Sarojini Naidu began writing at the age of twelve. Her Persian play, "Maher Muneer", impressed the Nawab of Hyderabad

paragraph: In 1905, her first collection of poems, named "The Golden Threshold" was published. The volume bore an introduction by Arthur Symons. Her poems were admired by prominent Indian politicians like Gopal Krishna Gokhale.

paragraph: "The Feather of The Dawn" which contained poems written in 1927 by Naidu was edited and published posthumously in 1961 by her daughter Padmaja Naidu.

paragraph: In 1915–18, she travelled to different regions in India delivering lectures on social welfare, women's empowerment and nationalism. She also helped to establish the Women's Indian Association (WIA) in 1917. She was sent to London along with Annie Besant, President of home rule league and Women's Indian Association, to present the case for the women's vote to the Joint Select Committee.

paragraph: In April 1947 she was present at the Asian Relations Conference in Delhi where the Tibetan Government Representative, Sampho Theiji, said, "In a similar way we are very glad to meet representatives from all the Asian countries in this Conference and we wish to express our sincere gratitude to the great Indian leaders, Mahatma Gandhi, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and Mrs. Sarojini Naidu, and to all the distinguished representatives who have gathered in this Conference."

paragraph: Naidu entitled Muhammad Ali Jinnah as the "Ambassador of Hindu Muslim Unity" after the Lucknow Pact in 1916.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.:Congress Party president.

paragraph: In 1925, Naidu presided over the annual session of Indian National Congress at Cawnpore (now Kanpur).

paragraph: In 1929, she presided over East African Indian Congress in South Africa. She was awarded the Kaisar-i-Hind Medal by the British government for her work during the plague epidemic in India.

paragraph: In 1931, she participated in the second round-table conference with Gandhiji and Madan Mohan Malaviya. She was jailed, along with Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Madan Mohan Malaviya, and others for participating in the Salt March, when the first Round Table Conference took place in London.

paragraph: She played a leading role in the Civil Disobedience Movement and was jailed along with Gandhi and other leaders. In 1942, she was arrested during period of the "Quit India Movement"

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Naidu died of cardiac arrest at 3:30 p.m. (IST) on 2 March 1949 at the Government House in Lucknow. Upon her return from New Delhi on 15 February, she was advised rest by her doctors, and all official engagements were cancelled. Her health deteriorated substantially and bloodletting was performed on the night of 1 March after she complained of severe headache. She died after collapsing following a fit of cough. Naidu was said to have asked the nurse attending to her to sing to her at about 10:40 p.m. (IST) which put her to sleep. The last rites were performed at the Gomati River.

paragraph: Naidu is commemorated in the names of several institutions, including the Sarojini Naidu College for Women, Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Sarojini Devi Eye Hospital and Sarojini Naidu School of Arts and Communication, University of Hyderabad.

paragraph: Aldous Huxley wrote "It has been our good fortune, while in Bombay, to meet Mrs. Sarojini Naidu, the newly elected President of the All-India Congress and a woman who combines in the most remarkable way great intellectual power with charm, sweetness with courageous energy, a wide culture with originality, and earnestness with humour. If all Indian politicians are like Mrs. Naidu, then the country is fortunate indeed."

paragraph: Her 135th birth anniversary (2014) was marked by a Google Doodle on Google India's homepage.

paragraph: In 2018, she was among 150 "Leading Women" featured by the University of London to mark the 150 years since women gained access to higher education in the UK in 1868. According to YourStory, Sarojini Naidu "inspired a whole generation of women to participate in the Freedom Movement." She has been recognized by the Indian government numerous years not only as a great diplomat, great Freedom fighter, but also a great poet and great woman leader. She had also refuted Katherine Mayo's book "Mother India" in the United States, making her not only a widely known figure in India, but also all around the world in the United States and the United Kingdom. In 2018, the National Geographic Society recognized Sarojini Naidu in an exhibit about history's significant female figures. At the end of her life, she still remained friends with Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of the Indian Muslim League. Muhammad Ali Jinnah was the founder of Pakistan, and despite the tense relations between India and Pakistan, they remained in close contact. She died just two years after India achieved independence. In 2014, for her 135th birthday, some Indian schools celebrated her legacy with a performance of the Indian national anthem.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.:Golden Threshold.

paragraph: The Golden Threshold is an off-campus annexe of University of Hyderabad. The building was the residence of Naidu's father Aghornath Chattopadhyay, the first Principal of Hyderabad College. It was named after Naidu's very first collection of poetry. Golden Threshold now houses Sarojini Naidu School of Arts & Communication of University of Hyderabad.

paragraph: During the Chattopadhyay family's residence, it was the centre of many reformist ideas in Hyderabad, in areas ranging from marriage, education, women's. empowerment, literature and nationalism. Specifically, the reformist ideas included more power for women in a time where politics in India, especially regional politics, was dominated by men. It also included ideas for involvement for women in the arts field. There were also many restrictions on marriage during this time period that persist to this day, such as inter-regional and inter-caste marriages. These ideas were progressive for the era, but brought change in India in slow ways over time.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1905: "The Golden Threshold", published in the United Kingdom (text available online)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1912: "The Bird of Time: Songs of Life, Death & the Spring", published in London

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1917: "The Broken Wing: Songs of Love, Death and the Spring", including "The Gift of India" (first read in public in 1915)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1919: Muhammad Jinnah: An Ambassador of Unity

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1943: "The Sceptred Flute: Songs of India", Allahabad: Kitabistan, posthumously published

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1961: "The Feather of the Dawn", posthumously published, edited by her daughter, Padmaja Naidu

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1971:"The Indian Weavers"

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Indian poetry in English

paragraph: BULLET::::- Indian English literature

paragraph: BULLET::::- Indian literature

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Indian poets

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Indian writers

paragraph: BULLET::::- Indian poetry

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The poetry of Sarojini Naidu: A fusion of English language and Indian culture

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography and Poems of Sarojini Naidu

paragraph: BULLET::::- Letter written by Sarojini Naidu

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sarojini Naidu: An introduction to her life, work, and poetry By Vishwanath S. Naravane

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sarojini Naidu materials at the South Asian American Digital Archive (SAADA)

description: Indian politician, governor of the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh from 1947 to 1949

enwikiquote_title: Sarojini Naidu

wikidata_label: Sarojini Naidu

wikipedia_title: Sarojini Naidu


text:
American
Charleston
South Carolina
Prussian
Havana
Cuba
Jenny Lind
Wagner
Liszt
Schumann
Tannhäuser
Lohengrin
Richard Wagner
Rudolph Septimus Siegling
University of South Carolina
Nice

categories: 20th-century classical composers,19th-century classical composers,Musicians from Charleston, South Carolina,20th-century American composers,19th-century American composers,1824 births,1919 deaths,20th-century women musicians,American classical composers,American female classical composers

paragraph: Marie Siegling

paragraph: Marie Regina Siegling (February 7, 1824 – January 2, 1920) was an American composer.

paragraph: She was born in Charleston, South Carolina, the eldest daughter of Prussian immigrant Johann Zacharias Siegling and his wife Mary Schnierle. Johann Siegling was an instrument maker and music publisher who founded the Siegling Music House in 1819. Marie Siegling most likely began her musical studies under her mother.

paragraph: Siegling was later educated in Europe and had a career as a musician and composer. In 1844 she traveled with her father to Havana where he had a music store called Siegling & Vallote. They stayed in Cuba for three months, where she performed as "Charleston's Jenny Lind." Later in the year, Siegling went to Paris to study music. While on tour in Europe, she met literature professor Eduard Schuman LeClercq, whom she married in 1850. Siegling moved with her husband to Paris and ended her performing career. She had five children.

paragraph: While in Europe, Marie had contact with many of its greatest composers and musicians. She writes in her memoir: "I met many distinguished artists and authors, amongst them

paragraph: Wagner

paragraph: , Schroeder, Devrient, Liszt, Schumann. Here also I was present at the first representation of Tannhäuser and Lohengrin, directed by the great Master Richard Wagner, who took the baton." Her own composition, "Souvernir de la Saxe", is dedicated to Her Majesty, Marie, Reine de Saxe.

paragraph: Siegling published a memoir titled "Memoirs of a Dowager" in 1908 under the name Mary Regina Schuman LeClercq. Her youngest brother was Rudolph Septimus Siegling a Confederate officer and later a prominent lawyer in Charleston. Papers related to the family are housed at the University of South Carolina.

paragraph: She died on January 2, 1920 in Nice, France.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Selected works include:

paragraph: Literary:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Memoirs of a Dowager" : 20 December 1908 as Mary Regina Schuman Le Clercq.

paragraph: Musical compositions:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La capricieuse"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La gracieuse"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Souvenir de Charleston, valse originale"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Souvenir de la Saxe"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Souvenir de la Saxe, valse"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Recall: Come back oh Come!" for voice and piano

description: composer

wikidata_label: Marie Siegling

wikipedia_title: Marie Siegling


text:
progressive rock
folk
African rhythms
surf rock
1970s pop
Fredon Township, New Jersey
Pope John XXIII Regional High School
Warner Brothers
Yeasayer
Luaka Bop
Fleetwood Mac
Albatross
B-side
The New York Times
NPR's
Chuck Klosterman
NPR
All Things Considered
Filter
Paste
Pitchfork
Spin
Michael Azerrad
Our Band Could Be Your Life
Bandcamp
Tame Impala
Mac DeMarco
Dirty Projectors
Tune-Yards
Anti-
Cass McCombs
Woodridge, NY
Kimbra
Built to Spill
Sonic Youth
Lee Ranaldo
Dr. Dog
Tune-Yards
Kyp Malone
Khaira Arby
Akron/Family
Ra Ra Riot
Fang Island
Sondre Lerche
Nicole Atkins
Suckers
Paul Simon
Stranger to Stranger
the Growlers
City Club
Amen Dunes
Uproxx
U2
the Verve
Luaka Bop
Anti-
Anti-
Anti-
Barsuk Records
Yeasayer
Fragrant World
Secretly Canadian
Merge Records
Sondre Lerche
People Get Ready
Paul Simon
Stranger to Stranger
Lewis Del Mar
Lewis Del Mar
Amen & Goodbye
Mute Records
Amen Dunes
Sacred Bones Records

categories: People from Sussex County, New Jersey,Luaka Bop artists,Dirty Projectors members,Living people,Year of birth missing (living people),American rock musicians

paragraph: Delicate Steve

paragraph: Delicate Steve is the stage name of musician Steve Marion, an American multi-instrumentalist who leads the band of the same name. Delicate Steve's sound has been described as hand-crafted with elements of progressive rock, folksy twang, African rhythms, surf rock and 1970s pop.

paragraph: Section::::History.

paragraph: A resident of Fredon Township, New Jersey, United States, he graduated from Pope John XXIII Regional High School in 2005; Warner Brothers had signed his band to a recording deal while he was still in high school.

paragraph: After opening for Yeasayer at New York City's Governors Island in summer 2010 and a residency at Brooklyn club Union Pool, the band attracted media and record label attention. That year, Delicate Steve signed to Luaka Bop, who released the "Butterfly" 7" single, backed with a cover of Fleetwood Mac's "Albatross" on the B-side.

paragraph: Section::::History.:"Wondervisions" (2011).

paragraph: On January 25, 2011, Delicate Steve's debut album, "Wondervisions", was released on Luaka Bop. The entirety of the album was recorded by Marion in his bedroom and quickly gained the attention of critics, becoming a "Critics' Choice" selection of "The New York Times" as well as being included on NPR's "Favorite Songs of 2011".

paragraph: For the release of "Wondervisions", author Chuck Klosterman wrote a fictional biography of Delicate Steve. The bio was originally published anonymously and was mostly taken as fact by fans and press, but was exposed in a feature news story on NPR's "All Things Considered".

paragraph: Section::::History.:"Positive Force" (2012).

paragraph: In July 2012, Delicate Steve's sophomore record, "Positive Force", was released on Luaka Bop. The album quickly received high praise, including an 84 from "Filter", an 8.5 from "Paste", a 7.6 in "Pitchfork" and a 7 from "Spin".

paragraph: For promotion of "Positive Force", a legitimate biography of the band was written by Michael Azerrad, author of "Our Band Could Be Your Life".

paragraph: On September 3, 2014, the band issued a free digital sampler EP, titled "Multiple Moods Sampler", via Bandcamp.

paragraph: Section::::History.:"Live in Las Vegas" (2015).

paragraph: Following the release of "Positive Force", the band toured with Tame Impala, Mac DeMarco, Dirty Projectors, Tune-Yards and Yeasayer. While supporting Tame Impala on their US tour, a live album was recorded at a November 13, 2014 show at the Brooklyn Bowl in Las Vegas. "Live in Las Vegas" was released on March 3, 2015.

paragraph: Section::::History.:"This Is Steve" (2017).

paragraph: In 2016, Delicate Steve signed to Anti- and toured with Cass McCombs. In January 2017, the band's third album, "This Is Steve", was released on Anti-. The album was recorded entirely by Marion at Outlier Inn studios in Woodridge, NY in 11 days.

paragraph: Section::::History.:Collaborations.

paragraph: As a guitarist, Marion has performed live on stage with Mac DeMarco, Kimbra, Built to Spill, Yeasayer, Dirty Projectors, Sonic Youth's Lee Ranaldo, Dr. Dog, Tune-Yards, Kyp Malone, Khaira Arby, Akron/Family, Ra Ra Riot, Fang Island, Sondre Lerche, Nicole Atkins and Seltzer Boys (a supergroup consisting of Yeasayer and Suckers members).

paragraph: Marion also collaborated with Paul Simon on his 2015 album "Stranger to Stranger".

paragraph: In 2017, Marion joined the Growlers as a guitarist for their "City Club" world tour.

paragraph: Marion collaborated with Amen Dunes to record guitar on the 2018 album "Freedom". The record was met with positive critical acclaim, earning the title of “Best New Music” from "Pitchfork". "Uproxx" critic Steven Hyden wrote, "With Marion’s understated but assertive guitar acting as the album's focal point, "Freedom" recalls the arena-ready, widescreen sweep of U2 or the Verve".

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Studio albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wondervisions" (2011, Luaka Bop)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Positive Force" (2012, Luaka Bop)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "This Is Steve" (2017, Anti-)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Christmas Album" (2018, Anti-)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Till I Burn Up" (2019, Anti-)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:EPs.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cowboy Stories" (2017, Anti-)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Singles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Butterfly" 7" (2011, Luaka Bop)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Many Moods" digital (2011, self-released)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Valerie" 7" (2012, Barsuk Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Further Out" 7 (2012, Western Vinyl)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Live albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live in Las Vegas" (2015, self-released)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Compilation EPs.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Multiple Moods Sampler" digital EP (2014, self-released)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Compilation appearances.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I'm Just Beginning to Live" on "Panache Mixtape Series - Vol. 2" (2014)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Guest appearances.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yeasayer — "Fragrant World" (2012, Secretly Canadian)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Saint Rich — "Beyond the Drone" (2013, Merge Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sondre Lerche — "Please" (2014, Mona)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anand Wilder — "Break Line" (2014, Secretly Canadian)

paragraph: BULLET::::- People Get Ready — "Physiques" (2014, Brassland)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paul Simon — "Stranger to Stranger" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lewis Del Mar — "Lewis Del Mar" (2016, Columbia)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yeasayer — "Amen & Goodbye" (2016, Mute Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Amen Dunes — "Freedom" (2018, Sacred Bones Records

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Delicate Steve

wikipedia_title: Delicate Steve


text:
Dutch Republic
Army of Flanders
's-Hertogenbosch
delivered Geertruidenberg
Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma
cuirassier
Anthonie Schetz
Pierre de Bréauté
Vught Heath

paragraph: Gerard Abrahams

paragraph: Gerard Abrahams van Houwelingen (died 5 February 1600), known as Lekkerbeetje ("sweet-tooth") was a Brabantine cavalry officer in the armies of the Dutch Republic and later in the Army of Flanders.

paragraph: Abrahams, a native of 's-Hertogenbosch, had first served the Dutch Republic, but being among the soldiers who delivered Geertruidenberg to Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma in 1589 he was declared an outlaw by the States. He went over to the Army of Flanders and served as a lieutenant of cuirassiers under Anthonie Schetz, Baron of Grobbendonk, the governor of 's-Hertogenbosch.

paragraph: In the winter of 1599-1600, a lull in the campaigning season, the Dutch cuirassiers garrisoned in 's-Hertogenbosch brought in a French prisoner, a cavalry lieutenant in the service of the Republic. When the prisoner wrote to his captain, Pierre de Bréauté, asking that money be sent to ransom him, Bréauté replied that he should be ashamed at having been captured, since any one of his men should be worth two of the enemy. Abrahams, hearing of the letter's content, challenged Bréauté to meet him on Vught Heath with equal numbers to put his boast to the test.

paragraph: The two officers obtained permission from their commanders, and the combat took place on 5 February 1600. Abrahams was the first casualty, being shot through the neck in the first charge.

description: Belgian politician

wikidata_label: Gerard van Houwelingen

wikipedia_title: Gerard Abrahams


text:
Bréauté
Normandy
Dutch Republic
Battle of Lekkerbeetje
Army of Flanders
's-Hertogenbosch
Gerard Abrahams
Vught Heath
Néville

paragraph: Pierre de Bréauté

paragraph: Piere de Bréauté, lord of Bréauté (1580–1600) was a nobleman from Normandy who died at the age of 19 as a cavalry captain in the service of the Dutch Republic, in a cavalry duel known as the Battle of Lekkerbeetje.

paragraph: In the winter of 1599-1600, a lull in the campaigning season, troops from the Army of Flanders garrisoned in 's-Hertogenbosch brought in a French prisoner, a cavalry lieutenant in the service of the Republic. When the prisoner wrote to his captain, Pierre de Bréauté, asking that money be sent to ransom him, Bréauté replied that he should be ashamed at having been captured, since any one of his men should be worth two of the enemy. Dutch cavalry lieutenant Gerard Abrahams, hearing of the letter's content, challenged Bréauté to meet him on Vught Heath with equal numbers to put his boast to the test.

paragraph: The two officers obtained permission from their commanders, and the combat took place on 5 February 1600. Abrahams was the first casualty, being shot through the neck by Bréauté in the first charge, and his brother also died in the encounter. Bréauté had his horse shot from under him twice, was wounded and made prisoner. He was killed in cold blood, three quarters of an hour after having been captured, in revenge for the death of the Abrahams brothers.

paragraph: Bréauté was buried in Néville on 8 March 1600. A eulogy, addressed to his wife, Charlotte de Harlay, and his mother, Susanne de Monchy–Senarpont, was published as "Deux consolations de M. Jean de Rouen, aux deux très-sages et très-vertueuses Dames de Bréauté, mère et femme. Sur l'assassin, fait nouvellement, de sang froit, a leur fils et mari, le jeune Seigneur de Bréauté" (Paris, Philippe du Pré, 1600). He had married Charlotte de Harlay on 17 December 1596.

wikidata_label: Pierre de Bréauté

wikipedia_title: Pierre de Bréauté


text:
socialite
golf course
Wallingford
unincorporated community
Nether Providence Township
Delaware County, Pennsylvania
Philadelphia
Quaker
Pennsylvania Railroad
Theophilus P. Chandler, Jr.
Geoffrey S. Cornish
Horace Rawlins
Herbert Barker
Laurel Hill Cemetery
Broad Street Station
Philadelphia

categories: 1854 births,Architects from Philadelphia,Golf administrators,American socialites,Golf course architects

paragraph: Ida Dixon

paragraph: Ida Elizabeth Dixon (December 25, 1854 – November 22, 1916) was a socialite and golf course architect of the early 20th century. In 1904 she designed the Springhaven Country Club golf course in Wallingford, an unincorporated community in Nether Providence Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania. Dixon was the first female golf course architect in the United States, and perhaps in the world.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Ida Elizabeth Gilbert was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on December 25, 1854. She was married to the Quaker businessman and Pennsylvania Railroad executive Henry P. Dixon. In addition to his position at the railroad, Henry Dixon was also the owner of the Henry P. Dixon Company, a manufacturer of grates, fireplaces, and furnaces, and was a dealer in tiles for hearths, halls, and mantel facades. The couple resided part-time in a large mansion called "The Gables" in Wallingford which was designed and custom built by architect Theophilus P. Chandler, Jr. in 1889 as a summer home.

paragraph: Section::::Designing Springhaven Club.

paragraph: In 1904, Dixon designed an 18-hole golf course for the Springhaven Club, where she and her husband were enthusiastic players. They both served on the Club's governing committee. Co-authors Geoffrey S. Cornish and Ronald E. Whitten, in their book "The Architects of Golf", credit Dixon as the first female golf architect in America and perhaps in the world. In addition to her architectural work, she served as president of the Women's Golf Association of Philadelphia from 1911–16.

paragraph: Section::::Designing Springhaven Club.:Course redesign.

paragraph: In 1910, changes were made to the course by Horace Rawlins and Herbert Barker. Today the course plays 6,518 yards at par 70 from the back tees with a course rating of 71.1 and a slope rating of 130.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Dixon died at her Wallingford home on November 22, 1916, following a three-month illness. She was survived by her husband and son, Clayton G. Dixon. Her husband, who died on June 21, 1917, is buried alongside Ida at Laurel Hill Cemetery in Philadelphia. A special train departing Broad Street Station in Philadelphia was made available for people wishing to travel to her funeral, which was held in the Dixon home on November 24, 1916.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: The Ida E. Dixon Cup golf tournament—established on September 25, 1917—has been held every year since 1917 with the exception of 1943 during World War II, and 1975, when the event was cancelled due to rain. The winner of the golf tournament is awarded the Ida E. Dixon Memorial Cup, which is named in her honor. Dixon is best remembered for being the first female golf course architect in the United States.

wikidata_label: Ida Dixon

wikipedia_title: Ida Dixon


text:
Mariemont
Hainaut
Imperial
Margrave
Savona
Millesimo
Battle of Konzer Brucke
François de Créquy
Knight of the Golden Fleece
Governor of the Spanish Netherlands
Graz
Brussels
Vienna
Drogenbos
Philippe Charles d'Arenberg
Battle of Slankamen
Vienna
Brussels
Arenberg family

categories: 1629 births,Knights of the Golden Fleece,Margraves of Italy,Governors of the Habsburg Netherlands,1685 deaths

paragraph: Ottone Enrico del Caretto, Marquis of Savona

paragraph: Othon Henri del Caretto or Del Carretto, Marquis of Grana (1629 – Mariemont, Hainaut 15 June 1685) was an Imperial Army commander and political figure.

paragraph: Descendant from an old Italian noble family, he was titular Margrave of Savona, Marquis of Grana, Count of Millesimo, etc.br

paragraph: He became instantly famous on 11 August 1675 in the Battle of Konzer Brucke, he engaged the right flank on exactly the right moment against the French under François de Créquy, inflicting a severe defeat. On the battlefield a "Grana-memorial" was erected in 1892.

paragraph: He became a Knight of the Golden Fleece in 1678, Field Marshal of the Empire, Imperial embassador in Madrid and General Captain and Governor of the Spanish Netherlands in April 1682.

paragraph: On 31 July 1667 he married Countess Maria Theresia von Herberstein (Graz 1641 – Brussels 1682), widow of Franz Adam Graf von Losenstein.

paragraph: They had two daughters :

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maria Enrichetta (Vienna 1671 – Drogenbos 1744), Margravine of Savona and Marquesses of Grana, Countess of Millesimo, etc., married in Brussels on 12 February 1684 Philippe Charles d'Arenberg, 3rd Duke of Arenberg and Duke of Arschot (1663–1691), who was killed in the Battle of Slankamen.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maria Gabriella, (Vienna 1675 – Brussels before 1700), married 1690 Charles François de la Barre, Comte d’Erquelinnes et de Olloy, Baron de Hierges.

paragraph: After the death of his first wife Othon Henri married, on 10 June 1683, Maria Theresa d’Arenberg (1666–1716), sister of his son-in-law.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arenberg family

description: Holy Roman Empire Army commander

wikidata_label: Othon Henri del Caretto, Marquis of Savona


text:
Roman Catholic
Nuncio
Civitella di Agliano
Pope Leo XIII
bishop of Gubbio
apostolic delegate
Ecuador
Bolivia
Peru
Nazianzo
Rome
Archbishop of Amalfi
vicar apostolic
Constantinople
Gerapoli
Nuncio
Belgium
Cardinal-Priest
Santa Maria della Vittoria, Rome
Pope Pius XI
consistory
Archpriest
Basilica of Saint Mary Major
Palestrina
conclave of 1939
Pope Pius XII
Mehmed V
Talaat Pasha
Pope Benedict XV
Eugenio Pacelli
Pius XII

categories: Italian cardinals,Apostolic Nuncios to Ecuador,Apostolic Nuncios to Bolivia,Apostolic Nuncios to Belgium,Apostolic Nuncios to Romania,Cardinal-bishops of Palestrina,1867 births,1939 deaths

paragraph: Angelo Dolci

paragraph: Angelo Maria Dolci (12 July 1867 – 13 September 1939) was an Italian Roman Catholic Cardinal and former Nuncio.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Dolci was born in Civitella di Agliano and was ordained on 5 June 1890.

paragraph: Pope Leo XIII appointed him bishop of Gubbio on 19 April 1900. He was named apostolic delegate in Ecuador, Bolivia, and Peru on 7 December 1906. He was promoted to titular archbishop of Nazianzo on 9 December 1906. He was recalled to Rome in 1910 and was appointed Archbishop of Amalfi on 27 January 1911. He left Amalfi when he was appointed Apostolic delegate and vicar apostolic of Constantinople on 10 June 1914. He was transferred to the titular archdiocese of Gerapoli on 13 November 1914. In 1922 he was appointed as Nuncio in Belgium, however, he could not take possession of the nunciature and was transferred to the one in Romania.

paragraph: He was created Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria della Vittoria, Rome by Pope Pius XI in the consistory of 13 March 1933. He was appointed Archpriest of the Basilica of Saint Mary Major on 22 May 1933. He was elected to the order of cardinal bishops, taking the suburbicarian see of Palestrina 15 June 1936. He participated in the conclave of 1939 that elected Pope Pius XII. He died in September of that year.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Armenian genocide.

paragraph: In 1915, as Apostolic Delegate to Constantinople (1914–1922), Archbishop Dolci wrote to Mehmed V and Talaat Pasha to ask for mercy on behalf of the Armenians, who were then being deported and massacred. Dolci reported back to the Vatican to Pope Benedict XV and his secretary of foreign affairs Eugenio Pacelli, the future Pope Pius XII. He admitted he had been deceived by the Turks, because despite giving contrary assurances to the Holy See delegate, they continued to massacre the Armenians.

wikidata_label: Angelo Dolci

wikipedia_title: Angelo Dolci


text:
Tuzla
Bosniak
Aljamiado
Bosnian
Turkish
Bosnian language
Svein Mønnesland
Bosnian
Historijski arhiv Sarajevo
USKUFI BOSNEVI, Muhamed Hevai
Mehmet Hevayi Uskufi

categories: People from Tuzla,17th-century writers of the Ottoman Empire,Bosnia and Herzegovina writers,Bosnian Muslims of the Ottoman Empire,Bosnian language,1601 births,Bosniak poets,Bosniak writers,Year of death unknown

paragraph: Muhamed Hevaji Uskufi Bosnevi

paragraph: Muhamed Hevaji Uskufi Bosnevi (, , born c. 1600 in Dobrnja near Tuzla, died after 1651) was a Bosniak poet and writer of Aljamiado literature.

paragraph: Uskufi is noted as the author of the first "Bosnian-Turkish" dictionary in 1631; "Magbuli ’ari", one of the earliest dictionaries of the Bosnian language and in the South Slavic languages as a whole. A hand-copy dating from 1798 is currently kept at the City Archive of Sarajevo. The dictionary, written in verse, contains more than 300 word explanations and over 700 words translated between Bosnian and Turkish. Following a collaboration between the University of Oslo and the Bosnian ministry of education and sciences, the dictionary was reissued on national day in 2012 during a ceremony in Tuzla, the birth town of Hevaji. According to the Norwegian Slavist Svein Mønnesland, the dictionary is made relevant today not least because of politic aspects since it shows the Bosnian language to have a long tradition.

paragraph: In his works, writing under the pseudonym "Uskufi", Hevaji calls his language "Bosnian", and emphasizes his Bosniak descent.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Historijski arhiv Sarajevo

paragraph: BULLET::::- USKUFI BOSNEVI, Muhamed Hevai Bošnjaci.net,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mehmet Hevayi Uskufi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Muhamed Hukočić, Ahmet Kasumović, Ismet Smailović, "Muhamed Hevaji Uskufi", , Biblioteka Baština, Sarajevo, 1990.

description: Bosnian writer

wikidata_label: Muhamed Hevaji Uskufi Bosnevi

wikipedia_title: Muhamed Hevaji Uskufi Bosnevi


text: Lieutenant Governor of Quebec

text: Montreal

text: Université de Montréal

text: New York City

text: Paris

text: Théâtre du Nouveau Monde

text: radio drama

text: La famille Plouffe

text: situation comedy

text: Canadian Conference of the Arts

text: Senate

text: Quebec separatists

text: Nazis

text: swastika

text: lab coat

text: proposal to invoke conscription

text: World War II

text: Canadian Army

text: Quebec sovereignty movement

text: Jean Chrétien

text: Lise Thibault

text: Canada Council

text: Order of Canada

text: National Order of Quebec

text: La famille Plouffe

text: Adventures in Rainbow Country

text: The Pyx

text: Duplessis

text: Two Solitudes

text: Riel

text: Chocolate Eclair

text: Cordélia

text: The Hotel New Hampshire

text: The Revolving Doors

text: Salut Victor

text: My Friend Max

text: Black List

text: The Third Miracle

text: The Courage to Love

text: Battle of the Brave

text: C.R.A.Z.Y.

text: List of Lieutenant Governors of Quebec

text: Timeline of Quebec history

text: An Interview with Jean Louis Roux

categories: Politicians from Montreal,Liberal Party of Canada senators,Governor General's Performing Arts Award winners,2013 deaths,Prix Denise-Pelletier winners,Knights of the National Order of Quebec,Male actors from Montreal,Canadian military personnel of World War II,Lieutenant Governors of Quebec,Canadian senators from Quebec,Companions of the Order of Canada,Canadian male television actors,1923 births,Canadian male stage actors

paragraph: Jean-Louis Roux

paragraph: Jean-Louis Roux, (May 18, 1923 – November 28, 2013) was a Canadian politician, entertainer and playwright who was briefly the 26th Lieutenant Governor of Quebec.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born in Montreal, Quebec, he originally studied medicine at the Université de Montréal, but gave it up to pursue acting. After travelling and performing in New York City and Paris he returned to Montreal and helped create the Théâtre du Nouveau Monde and became a frequent actor in and director of its productions for the next several years. He also turned to writing and wrote successful plays, radio dramas, and television shows.

paragraph: His greatest fame comes from his role on "La famille Plouffe", a very successful Quebec situation comedy. Roux served as President of the Canadian Conference of the Arts from 1968 through 1970. In 1994 he was appointed to the Senate and remained there until resigning in 1996. A fierce federalist, great controversy arose when he compared Quebec separatists to Nazis.

paragraph: Upon leaving the Senate he was, at age 73, the oldest person ever appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Quebec on August 8, 1996. Controversy reemerged when pictures were found showing Roux wearing a swastika on his lab coat in protest of the proposal to invoke conscription for service in World War II, and evidence emerged that he had participated in a 1942 protest against conscription in which some protesters, but not Roux, smashed the windows of some Jewish-owned businesses. Roux served (training) in the Canadian Army from 1942 to 1946; he had no known ties to fascist or anti-Semitic groups, and had in fact been a quite outspoken "opponent" of Nazism and anti-Semitism throughout his career, sometimes even refusing to accept roles in productions which he considered to include anti-Jewish stereotypes.

paragraph: The controversy was widely viewed as an attempt to discredit an outspoken opponent of the Quebec sovereignty movement, as well as to whitewash emerging revelations that some figures in the Quebec sovereignty movement had also expressed fascist and anti-Semitic views in the past.

paragraph: He later issued an apology for the swastika incident, which he described as "a medical student's mischievous desire to show off and be provocative, and in no way corresponded to any political conviction or ideology on my part," and announced his resignation as lieutenant governor on November 5, 1996. He retained the office, to give Prime Minister Jean Chrétien time to find and appoint a replacement, until Lise Thibault officially succeeded him on January 30, 1997.

paragraph: On May 31, 1997 Roux returned to public life when the federal government appointed him to be chair of the Canada Council.

paragraph: In 1971 he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada and was promoted to Companion in 1987. In 1989, he was made a Knight of the National Order of Quebec. Roux received a Governor General's Performing Arts Award for his lifetime contributions to Canadian theatre in 2004.

paragraph: He died in Montreal on November 28, 2013.

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La famille Plouffe" (1953)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Adventures in Rainbow Country" (1969)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Pyx" (1973)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Duplessis" (1978)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Two Solitudes" (1978)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Riel" (1979)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chocolate Eclair (Éclair au chocolat)" (1979)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cordélia" (1980)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Hotel New Hampshire" (1984)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Revolving Doors (Les portes tournantes)" (1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Salut Victor" (1989)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "My Friend Max (Mon amie Max)" (1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Black List (Liste noire)" (1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Third Miracle" (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Courage to Love" (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Battle of the Brave (Nouvelle-France)" (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "C.R.A.Z.Y." (2005)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Lieutenant Governors of Quebec

paragraph: BULLET::::- Timeline of Quebec history

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- An Interview with Jean Louis Roux, Legend Library, TheatreMuseumCanada

description: actor, playwright and politician in Quebec, Canada

wikidata_label: Jean-Louis Roux

wikipedia_title: Jean-Louis Roux


text:
Piast dynasty
Duke of Greater Poland
Bolesław the Pious
Poznań
Gniezno
Kalisz
Wielkopolska Chronicle
Władysław Odonic
Jadwiga
Samboride
Mestwin I of Pomerania
Přemyslid dynasty
Piast dynasty
House of Andechs
Fragmentation of Poland
Ujście
Nakło
Silesian
Henry II the Pious
Battle of Legnica
Dukes of Silesia
Zbąszyń
Międzyrzecz
Bolesław II the Bald
Swantopolk II of Pomerania
Elizabeth
Kalisz
Władysław of Opole
Wieluń
Santok
Kalisz
Konrad
Salomea
Głogów
Easter
Euphemia
Władysław of Opole
Casimir I of Kuyavia
Henry III the White
Bishopric of Wrocław
Oleśnica
excommunicated
Ascanian
Brandenburg
Santok
Zbąszyń
Drezdenko
Conrad
John I
New March
Poznań
Warta
Royal Castle
Bishops of Poznań
Bogufał II
Bogufał III
Kraków
St. Stanislaus
Siemowit I of Masovia
Bolesław V the Chaste
Mestwin II
Pomerania
Nakło
Wawel Cathedral
Poznań
Poznań City Hall
Elisabeth
Henry II the Pious
Wrocław
Constance
Conrad, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal
Euphrosyne
Trzebnica
Anna
Owińska
Euphemia
Wrocław
Przemysł II
Poznań
Greater Poland
King of Poland
Mieszko III the Old
Piast dynasty
List of Polish monarchs
Dukes of Greater Poland
Przemysł II of Poland

categories: Dukes of Greater Poland,People temporarily excommunicated by the Roman Catholic Church,1257 deaths,1220s births

paragraph: Przemysł I of Greater Poland

paragraph: Przemysł I (5 June 1220/4 June 1221 – 4 June 1257), a member of the Piast dynasty, was Duke of Greater Poland from 1239 until his death, from 1241 with his brother Bolesław the Pious as co-ruler. He was able to re-acquire large parts of Greater Poland, ruling as Duke of Poznań and Gniezno from 1247 and, upon several inheritance conflicts with his brother, as Duke of Poznań and Kalisz from 1249, sole Duke of Greater Poland from 1250, and Duke of Poznań from 1253 until his death.

paragraph: The numeral "primus" ("The First") was given to him in the almost contemporary "Wielkopolska Chronicle".

paragraph: Section::::Life and rule.

paragraph: He was the eldest son of the Greater Polish duke Władysław Odonic by his wife Jadwiga ("Jadwiga"), who was likely a daughter of the Samboride duke Mestwin I of Pomerania, or a member of the Bohemian Přemyslid dynasty (a supposition supported by the name given to her son, the first in the Piast dynasty who bears it), or of the Bavarian House of Andechs. Duke Władysław Odonic ordered that his son be given a comprehensive education; as attested in the "Wielkopolska Chronicle", young Przemysł was able to read Latin psalms with ease.

paragraph: Section::::Life and rule.:Beginning of his government.

paragraph: Przemysł first appears in official documents signed by his father from 1232 onward, and after Władysław Odonic's death on 5 June 1239 he began his own rule, during the time of Fragmentation of Poland (1138 - ca. 1314). Two years later (in 1241), Przemysł approved his younger brother Bolesław as an official co-ruler, though this was merely a formality. In reality Przemysł reigned alone.

paragraph: The principality inherited from his father was composed of northern Greater Poland, which included Ujście and Nakło (although some historians believe that Władysław Odonic lost Ujście and Nakło before his death). Subsequently, he strove to recover the remaining part of Greater Poland. In 1241, after the death of his Silesian cousin High Duke Henry II the Pious at the 1241 Battle of Legnica, Przemysł recovered Poznań and Gniezno, and subsequently managed to conquer also the parts of Greater Poland previously controlled by Dukes of Silesia.

paragraph: Section::::Life and rule.:Reconquest of lost lands.

paragraph: In 1242 Przemysł I reconquered Zbąszyń and Międzyrzecz from Bolesław II the Bald. The presence of Przemysł in Silesia forced the intervention of Duke Swantopolk II of Pomerania, who captured Nakło. However Przemysł quickly took back the control of the district from the Pomeranian ruler.

paragraph: Despite his success, Przemysł sought to end his disputes with the Silesian Piasts and in 1244 he married Bolesław II's sister Elizabeth, at the monastery in Trzebnica. Contrary to his plans, this marriage did not calm the situation on the Silesian-Greater Poland border, but it did allow Przemysł to recover Kalisz from Duke Władysław of Opole. He failed however in his attempt to recover Wieluń, which was only annexed to Greater Poland in 1249. The actions against the sons of Henry II the Pious were completed in 1247 when Santok was recovered.

paragraph: Section::::Life and rule.:War in Greater Poland against the opposition, fight with the Silesian Piasts.

paragraph: In 1247 Przemysł I was forced by the local knights to give his brother Bolesław the district of Kalisz as a separated Duchy, but in foreign policy he retained full authority over Greater Poland. It was not the final division. A year later, the ruler of Greater Poland crushed the opposition by imprisoning its leaders, the Castellan of Poznań Thomas of Nałęczów and his sons. Przemysł I released them in 1250, when he was involved in the conflict between Bolesław II the Bald and his brother Konrad (husband of Przemysł I's sister Salomea). The intervention of the Greater Poland Duke helped Konrad to obtain the district of Głogów as his own independent Duchy.

paragraph: In 1249 Przemysł I exchanged again territories with his brother, giving him Gniezno and becoming Duke of Poznań and Kalisz. In 1250, for unknown reasons, Przemysł had Bolesław arrested, becoming in this way the sole ruler of Greater Poland (Poznań, Gniezno and Kalisz). Only at Easter of 1253, after the Church intervention, the brothers were finally reconciled and Bolesław received the Duchy of Kalisz-Gniezno.

paragraph: During the first half of the 13th century, Przemysł I promoted a more peaceful policy, working closely with his brother-in-law Konrad I of Głogów and giving his sister Euphemia in marriage to Duke Władysław of Opole. Also, he received the help of his brother Bolesław with troops against Duke Casimir I of Kuyavia for the possession of Ladzka. In 1254 he organized an armed expedition against Henry III the White, destroying part of the Bishopric of Wrocław goods (i.e. Oleśnica), for which Przemysł I was excommunicated, and the penalty was only removed after the Greater Poland Duke repaired the damages in the Church states. The next campaign against Henry III was launched in September of the same year, but this time the joint expedition of Przemysł I, his brother Bolesław and Konrad I of Głogów avoided damages of Church goods.

paragraph: Section::::Life and rule.:War against Brandenburgian expansion.

paragraph: In foreign policy, Duke Przemysł's main concern was the expansionism of the Ascanian margraves of Brandenburg in the west. Although he stopped the advance of Brandenburg troops into his domains (Santok in 1247, Zbąszyń in 1251 and Drezdenko in 1252), the situation remained tense on the western border. To address this problem, between 1254–1255 Przemysł I tried to establish warmer relations with the House of Ascania through the betrothal of his eldest daughter Constance with Conrad, son of Margrave John I (the marriage took place after Przemysł I's death, in 1260). However, this strategy ultimately back-fired politically as the Ascanians used the marriage to claim rights over the western region of Greater Poland as their "New March".

paragraph: Section::::Life and rule.:Poznań, capital of Greater Poland.

paragraph: In 1253 Przemysł I chose as his capital the city of Poznań, situated on the left bank of the Warta River. He also began the building of the Royal Castle on the hill overlooking the town.

paragraph: Section::::Religious policy.

paragraph: The political line of Przemysł was based on closer cooperation with the Church (especially the Bishops of Poznań, Bogufał II and Bogufał III) which caused the opposition of the knighthood. In 1244 local knights rebelled against him and tried to abolish the judicial and tax immunity gained by the Bishops from Władysław Odonic. Przemysł initially accepted the request, but in 1252 he reestablished the former privilege, and even expanded them even further.

paragraph: Despite periodic troubles with his lay subjects, Przemysł I had the support of a large group of trusted advisers, such as the Governor of Poznań Przedpełk Łódź , the castellan of Poznań Boguchwał, the Judge Domarat Grzymalita, and the master of the hunt Pakosław Awdaniec.

paragraph: On 8 May 1254 Przemysł took part in the national Congress of Piast princes at Kraków which convened for the canonization of St. Stanislaus. Among the princes who participated were his brother Bolesław, Casimir I of Kuyavia, Siemowit I of Masovia, Władysław of Opole and the host, Bolesław V the Chaste. The establishment of friendly contacts with his relatives proved useful one year later, when Duke Mestwin II of Pomerania captured the district of Nakło. After the following war Przemysł was only able to recover Nakło after paying 500 pieces of silver in 1256.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Przemysł I died in Poznań on 4 June 1257 and was buried in the Wawel Cathedral. The head was displayed in the vault of the Church of Holiest Heart of Jesus and Mother of God of Consolation in Poznań. A painting in the Historical Museum of Poznań City Hall is believed to be Przemysł I's portrait, but this has been questioned by art historians.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and children.

paragraph: In 1244 Przemysł I married with Elisabeth (ca. 1232 – 16 January 1265), daughter of Henry II the Pious, Duke of Wrocław. They had:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Constance (1245/46 – 8 October 1281), married in 1260 to Conrad, Margrave of Brandenburg-Stendal.

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Euphrosyne (1247/50 – 17/19 February 1298), Abbess of St. Clara in Trzebnica.

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Anna (1253 – aft. 26 June 1295), Abbess at Owińska.

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Euphemia (1253 – 5 September 1298), twin of Anna; a nun at St. Clara, Wrocław.

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Przemysł II (posthumously, 14 October 1257 – 8 February 1296).

paragraph: At the time of Przemysł I's death, his wife was five months pregnant with their last child. His brother Bolesław took over the government of all his domains. After his birth, young Przemysł II remained under the tutelage of his uncle until 1273, when he received Poznań as his own district. Eventually, Przemysł II inherited the whole of Greater Poland after his uncle's death in 1279, subsequently becoming King of Poland in 1295. With his death one year later, the Greater Poland branch of the Piast dynasty, descendants of Duke Mieszko III the Old became extinct.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Piast dynasty

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Polish monarchs

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dukes of Greater Poland

paragraph: BULLET::::- Przemysł II of Poland

description: Duke of Greater Poland

wikidata_label: Przemysł I of Greater Poland

wikipedia_title: Przemysł I of Greater Poland


text:
MBE
Craigmillar Festival Society
Leith
Edinburgh
Labour
Lord Provost
Andrew
honorary doctorate
Heriot-Watt University

categories: People from Leith,1920 births,British activists,British women activists,2011 deaths

paragraph: Helen Crummy

paragraph: Helen Crummy MBE (10 May 1920 – 11 July 2011) was a founder of The Craigmillar Festival Society, and served as the Organising Secretary for the group until 1985.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Helen Crummy was born in Leith, Helen Murray Prentice. She became one of Craigmillar's first residents in 1931 when her family moved to the estate, located in one of the poorest areas of Edinburgh. Her family were also neighbours of the family of Jack Kane, the first Labour Lord Provost of Edinburgh.

paragraph: Section::::Craigmillar Festival Society.

paragraph: The Craigmillar Festival Society started in 1962, after she asked the headmaster of the local primary school if her son, Andrew, could be taught to play the violin. He replied by telling her that it took the school all its time to teach these children "all three R's". Helen with the local mothers group decided to show how talented their children were and started The Craigmillar Festival which grew to gain international acclaim.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: She was awarded an MBE in 1972, and an honorary doctorate by Heriot-Watt University in 1993, and is part of The Edinburgh Women of Achievement trail. She is also in The "Travelling the distance" sculpture at The Scottish Parliament and mentioned in The Bill Douglas statue at Newcraighall Railway station. On 21 March 2014 a statue, created by Tim Chalk, in her memory was unveiled by Richard Demarco and Ruth Wishart outside the East Neighbourhood Centre on Niddrie Mains Road, Edinburgh.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: Her book, "Let The People Sing!", has been sold in many countries. Tells the story of The Craigmillar Festival Society. Her third book is the novel, "Whom Dykes Divide", was published in 2008.

paragraph: Other publications are "Mine a Rich Vein" 2003; essay and editing: Arts The Catalyst Catalogue, 2004; The Heritage and Arts Trail for Craigmillar, 2009; Edited with Douglas Galbraith: Craigmillar Gold, Community Musical songs, 2004. She was involved in most of the publications that came out of The Craigmillar Festival Society from 1962 - 1985, including "The Comprehensive Plan for Action" (CPA) 1976, which is recognised as a milestone in Community Planning.

description: Social Activist

wikidata_label: Helen Crummy

wikipedia_title: Helen Crummy


text: University of Montana

text: Lima

text: Libros peruanos

categories: 1960 births,University of Montana faculty,2016 deaths,Peruvian male poets,Peruvian anthologists

paragraph: Eduardo Chirinos

paragraph: Eduardo Alejandro Chirinos Arrieta (4 April 1960 – 17 February 2016) was a Peruvian professor of literature at the University of Montana, and a poet.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Eduardo Chirinos was born in Lima, in 1960. He studied Hispanic linguistics, acquiring a bachelor's degree from Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, and a PhD in literature.

paragraph: He was a professor in the department of Modern and Classical Languages and Literatures at the University of Montana, specializing in Latin American Literature, Modernism, Avant-Garde, Spanish and Latin American Contemporary Poetry.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Libros peruanos

description: Peruvian poet

wikidata_label: Eduardo Chirinos

wikipedia_title: Eduardo Chirinos


text:
Indiana State University
Wally Marks
NAIA Men's Basketball Championships
1942
1943
1946
John Wooden
athletic director
Lebanon, Indiana
state championship
Mooresville
Martinsville
John Wooden
Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame
Lester Reynolds
Arnold Suddith
Tony Hinkle
Indianapolis Star
Martinsville High School Gymnasium
Detroit Falcons
Basketball Association of America
Indianapolis Jets
National Basketball League
BAA
Indianapolis Star
Johnny Wilson
Max Pearsey
Clyde Lovellette
Ray Ragelis
Bill Garrett
Glenn Curtis

categories: Basketball players from Indiana,High school basketball coaches in the United States,Indiana State Sycamores men's basketball players,Detroit Falcons (basketball) coaches,Indiana State Sycamores men's basketball coaches,Basketball coaches from Indiana,1958 deaths,People from Morgan County, Indiana,1894 births,Indiana State Sycamores athletic directors

paragraph: Glenn M. Curtis

paragraph: Glenn M. Curtis (March 4, 1894 – November 24, 1958) was an American basketball coach. He was the head coach at Indiana State University from 1938 to 1946. He won 122 games and led the Sycamores to three NAIA Tournaments, reaching the national championship in 1946. The Sycamores also won the Midwest Invitational Tournament in 1946. His career collegiate record is 122–45 (.724).

paragraph: Section::::Head coaching notes.

paragraph: Section::::Head coaching notes.:Indiana State University Sycamores.

paragraph: He succeeded Wally Marks and led the Sycamores to 8 consecutive winning seasons and three berths in the NAIA Men's Basketball Championships (1942, 1943 & 1946); reaching the national quarterfinals in 1942 and the title game in 1946. He finished his career as the leader in wins and then recommended his old high school player and protégé John Wooden as his successor. Additionally, he served as the athletic director during his coaching tenure. In 1998, Curtis was inducted into the Indiana State University Athletics Hall of Fame.

paragraph: Section::::High school.

paragraph: Prior to becoming a collegiate coach, Curtis, known as the 'Ole Fox' by his peers, spent 21 years as an Indiana High School coach. His first year as head coach came at Lebanon High School in Lebanon, Indiana. During his one-year stint, he went 28–2 (.933) and won the 1918 state championship. He then moved to Mooresville where he spent one semester, coaching approximately 10 games. At the Christmas break, he moved to nearby Martinsville.

paragraph: His Martinsville Artesians won 396 games and lost 139 (.740). During his tenure (1919 to 1938), they won 16 sectional championships, 14 regional championships and three state championships. Coaching players such as John Wooden and fellow Indiana Basketball Hall of Famers Lester Reynolds and Arnold Suddith, he won state titles in 1924, 1927, and 1933, with Wooden the star in 1927. The Artesians lost the state championship in 1926 and 1928. In the five years from 1924 through 1928, they were in the state championship game every year but 1925.

paragraph: He was the first Indiana high school coach (and one of four) to win four state championships. Curtis was the co-head coach with Tony Hinkle of the first Indiana all-star team to play Kentucky and he also coached six "Indianapolis Star" all-star teams. He never had a losing season as a coach, and in 19 years at Martinsville, his teams won 16 sectional championships (the opening round of the state playoffs) and 14 regional championships (the equivalent to making the NCAA Sweet Sixteen.)

paragraph: He returned to the high school ranks as the Martinsville Superintendent of Schools from 1948–1955. Curtis died in 1958.

paragraph: The Martinsville High School Gymnasium was named in his honor in 1959.

paragraph: Section::::Professional leagues.

paragraph: He moved on to the professional ranks, briefly coaching the Detroit Falcons of the Basketball Association of America (BAA). This season with the Falcons was his first losing season as a head coach while the Falcons finished fourth in the Western Division standings with a record of 12–22. He later coached the Indianapolis Jets of the National Basketball League for one season and finished with a record of 24–35. They still qualified for the playoffs but lost the opening round series one game to three in a best-of-four series. The Jets then joined the BAA but Curtis retired from coaching and returned to Martinsville as the Superintendent of Schools.

paragraph: Section::::Professional leagues.:Indiana High School All-Stars.

paragraph: He was the first head coach for the Indiana All-Stars (an annual all-state team of seniors only, sponsored by the Indianapolis Star. The team faces a similar team from Kentucky; game proceeds are donated to charity. Curtis led the All-Stars to victory in each game he coached (6-0); he coached renowned players such as Johnny Wilson, Max Pearsey, Clyde Lovellette, Ray Ragelis and Bill Garrett.

paragraph: Section::::High school.

paragraph: 21 seasons 3 schools 424–141 ; 4 State Titles (1918, 1924, 1927, 1933)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Glenn Curtis at basketball-reference.com

description: American basketball player and coach

wikidata_label: Glenn M. Curtis

wikipedia_title: Glenn M. Curtis


text: German

text: American Modernist

text: Prenzlau

text: Germany

text: Berlin

text: Chicago

text: World's Columbian Exposition

text: New York City

text: Bronx Borough Courthouse

text: Michael J. Garvin

text: Louis Haffen

text: Alfred Stieglitz

text: Armory Show

text: Federal Arts Project

text: South Braintree, Massachusetts

text: New York Times

text: Marie Harriman Gallery

text: Stetson University

text: Georgia O'Keeffe

text: John Marin

text: Montclair Art Museum

text: Paterson silk strike

text: Christie's

text: Bluemner's Cat Florianus

categories: Artists from New York (state),20th-century American painters,German emigrants to the United States,Male suicides,American watercolorists,People from Braintree, Massachusetts,American male painters,People of the New Deal arts projects,Modern painters,Painters who committed suicide,1938 deaths,1867 births,Suicides in Massachusetts

paragraph: Oscar Florianus Bluemner

paragraph: Oscar Bluemner (June 21, 1867 – January 12, 1938), born Friedrich Julius Oskar Blümner and after 1933 known as Oscar Florianus Bluemner, was a German-born American Modernist painter.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Bluemner was born as Friedrich Julius Oskar Blümner in Prenzlau, Germany, on June 21, 1867. He studied painting and architecture at the Royal Academy of Design in Berlin.

paragraph: Section::::Architecture.

paragraph: Bluemner moved to Chicago in 1893 where he freelanced as a draftsman at the World's Columbian Exposition. After the exposition, he attempted to find work in Chicago. In 1901, he relocated to New York City where he also was unable to find steady employment. In 1903, he created the winning design for the Bronx Borough Courthouse in New York, although it is credited to Michael J. Garvin. The scandal that arose around this took down borough president Louis Haffen for corruption and fraud.

paragraph: Section::::Painting.

paragraph: In 1908 Bluemner met Alfred Stieglitz, who introduced him to the artistic innovations of the European and American avant-garde. By 1910, Bluemner had decided to pursue painting full-time rather than architecture.

paragraph: He exhibited in the 1913 Armory Show. He said that the Americans' contribution failed to match that of the Europeans because the American selection process reflected rivalries and compromises rather than curatorial judgment, resulting in a "melée of antagonistic examples". Then in 1915 Stieglitz gave him a solo exhibition at his gallery, 291. Despite participating in several exhibitions, including solo shows, for the next ten years Bluemner failed to sell many paintings and lived with his family in near poverty.

paragraph: He created paintings for the Federal Arts Project in the 1930s.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: After his wife's death in 1926, Bluemner moved to South Braintree, Massachusetts. From there in 1932 he contributed a letter to an ongoing debate in the "New York Times" on the question "What is American Art?". He wrote:

paragraph: He had a successful one-man show in 1935 at the Marie Harriman Gallery in New York City. In the "New York Times", Edward Alden Jewell called it Bluemner's "apotheosis". He wrote:

paragraph: Bluemner committed suicide on January 12, 1938.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Stetson University holds more than 1,000 pieces of Oscar Bluemner's work bequeathed in 1997 by his daughter, Vera Bluemner Kouba. In 2009 the Homer and Dolly Hand Art Center at Stetson opened with a primary mission of housing a providing exhibition space for the Kouba Collection. Often overlooked in his lifetime, Bluemner now is widely acknowledged as a key player in the creation of American artistic Modernism, with better-known colleagues such as Georgia O'Keeffe and John Marin.

paragraph: In 2013, the Montclair Art Museum in New Jersey presented an exhibition of Bluemner's works depicting the landscapes and industrial areas of Paterson, painted between 1910 and 1917, drawn from the Stetson holdings. It marked the centenary of the Paterson silk strike, which had inspired his politics.

paragraph: An oil painting by Bluemner, "Illusion of a Prairie, New Jersey (Red Farm at Pochuck)" (1915) sold at Christie's, New York, for $5,346,500 on November 30, 2011.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Exhibit catalog.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Monograph about Bluemner.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- A finding aid to the Oscar Bluemner papers, 1886-1939, 1960, in Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bluemner's Cat Florianus

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oscar Bluemner works. Held by the Department of Drawings & Archives, Avery Architectural & Fine Arts Library, Columbia University.

alias:
Oscar Bluemner
Oscar Julius Bluemner
Oscar Bluemmer
Florianus Bluemner
Oscar Florianus Blümner

description: American painter

wikidata_label: Oscar Florianus Bluemner

wikipedia_title: Oscar Florianus Bluemner


text:
Vikramaditya V
Western Chalukya
Paramara dynasty
Kannada literature
Durgasimha
Jain
Sanskrit
Veerashaiva
Paramara dynasty
Bhoja
Malwa
Munja
Konkan
Seuna (Yadava) dynasty
Daulatabad
Gangeyadeva
Rajendra Chola
Vengi
Eastern Chalukyas
Ceylon
Pandyan Dynasty
Madurai
Tungabhadra river
Bellary
Raichur
Doab
Maski
Raichur district

categories: 1042 deaths,Western Chalukya Empire,11th-century Indian monarchs

paragraph: Jayasimha II (Western Chalukya dynasty)

paragraph: Jayasimha II (r.1015 – 1043 CE) (also known as Jagadekhamalla II and Mallikamoda) succeeded his brother Vikramaditya V on the Western Chalukya throne. He had to fight on many fronts, against the Cholas of Tanjore in the south and the Paramara dynasty in the north, to protect his kingdom. His rule however was an important period of development of Kannada literature. The Brahmin Kannada writers Durgasimha (who was also his minister and wrote the "Panchatantra", "The five stratagems", 1031), Chavundaraya II (encyclopaedia, "Lokopakara", c. 1025) and Kavitavilasa were in his patronage. Chandraraja, a Brahmin writer on erotics ("Madanatilaka", "Forehead ornament of passion", the earliest Kannada work in the genre of erotica, c. 1025) was in the court of Machiraja, a vassal of Jayasimha II. The Jain Sanskrit scholar Vadiraja was in Jayasimha II's court and wrote two epics, on logic, and a commentary on an earlier Jain text. His queen Suggaladevi was a disciple of the Kannada saint-poet Devara Dasimayya (one of the earliest Veerashaiva poets).

paragraph: According to the historians Chopra et al., this period saw Vengi fall firmly into the hands of the Cholas who would use their marital relations with the Eastern Chalukyas and their over lordship over Vengi to frustrate and threaten the Western Chalukyas from two fronts, from the east and from the South. However the historian Sen asserts that despite this reversal, this period saw the consolidation of the Western Chalukya power in the Deccan that would become a stepping stone towards the growth of the empire under the rule of Someshvara I, the successor of Jayasimha II.

paragraph: Section::::Malwa invasion.

paragraph: The Paramara dynasty King Bhoja of Malwa wanted to avenge the defeat of his predecessor Munja and invaded the Chalukya kingdom from the north and annexed the northern Konkan and Lata (in modern Gujarat) for a few years. Bhillama III, a vassal king of the Seuna (Yadava) dynasty of Devagiri (modern Daulatabad) rebelled against Jayasimha II, perhaps with support from Bhoja. The historian Sen feels this invasion may have been caused by the confederacy of Bhoja, the Kalachuri ruler Gangeyadeva and Rajendra Chola. But Jayasimha II dealt successfully with these invasions and rebellion to recover all his northern territories by c.1024. Bhillama III married a daughter of Jayasimha II as an act of peace.

paragraph: Section::::Wars with Cholas.

paragraph: During this period, Rajendra Chola was not only exerting control over the Vengi kingdom of the Eastern Chalukyas, he was also constantly trying to expand their kingdom northwards into the Western Chalukya territory. For a while the Cholas were preoccupied with their invasion of Ceylon (modern Sri Lanka) and with their territorial issues with the Pandyan Dynasty of Madurai, and the rulers of Kerala. Taking advantage of this confusion and with an intent of reducing Chola power in Vengi, Jayasimha II interfered in Vengi after the death of its incumbent King Vimaladitya and installed Vimaladitya's son of his choice, Vijayaditya II on the throne. Vijayaditya initially did well with this support by occupying Bezwada. This was against the plans of the Rajendra Chola who wanted Rajaraja Narendra, a prince born to Vimaladitya's queen from the Chola clan. To further strengthen himself, Jayasimha II had marched south of the Tungabhadra river and occupied Bellary, the Raichur Doab and perhaps part of Gangavadi (modern south-east Karnataka) as well. Rajendra Chola employed a two-pronged attack. One army going into the Vengi kingdom to successfully assist Rajaraja Narendra over his claims over the Vengi throne, and the other into the Western Chalukaya kingdom itself. In the west, Jayasimha II was defeated in the battle of Masangi (Maski in modern Raichur district) in c.1021. But the Chola army could not proceed any further and the Tungabhadra river remained the tacit border between the two empires.

description: Indian King

wikidata_label: Jayasimha II

wikipedia_title: Jayasimha II (Western Chalukya dynasty)


text:
South Africa
anti-apartheid
Swaneng Hill School
Serowe
Botswana
Mmegi
Zimbabwe
Right Livelihood Award
Durban
South Africa
Afrikaner
Mauritian
Roman Catholic
St. Henry's Marist Brothers' College
Glenwood High School
Mothusi van Rensburg
Thomas van Rensburg
Consul
Belgian Congo
Democratic Republic of Congo
apartheid
Liberal Party of South Africa
Transvaal
the Netherlands
Julius Nyerere
Trevor Huddleston
Canon John Collins
Tennyson Makiwane
Anti-Apartheid Movement
Swaziland
Bechuanaland
Mmegi
Serowe
Penguin
Macmillan
Methuen
Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation
Right Livelihood Award
Bill Mollison
Mike Cooley
"Patrick van Rensburg in Botswana"
Right Livelihood Award: Roll of honour
Dag Hammarskjold Foundation
Biography

categories: Anti-apartheid activists,South African diplomats,Afrikaner people,Botswana politicians,Botswana journalists,1931 births,People from Durban,South African expatriates in the United Kingdom,White South African people,Botswana male writers,2017 deaths,South African exiles,South African people of Dutch descent,Male journalists,Botswana educators,South African Roman Catholics,Botswana non-fiction writers

paragraph: Patrick van Rensburg

paragraph: Patrick van Rensburg (3 December 1931 − 23 May 2017) was a South African-born anti-apartheid activist and educator. In the 1960s he founded Swaneng Hill School in Serowe, Botswana, and the nationwide Brigades Movement in that country. In the 1980s he founded the "Mmegi" national newspaper and the Foundation for Education with Production, which promoted his ideas in South Africa, Botswana, and Zimbabwe.In 1981, he was awarded the Right Livelihood Award "for developing replicable educational models for the third world majority".

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Van Rensburg was born in Durban, South Africa. His parents separated when he was young, and he was raised by his Afrikaner grandmother and her French Mauritian husband. The family spoke English at home and were Roman Catholic: a big difference from the traditional Afrikaner upbringing. Van Rensburg attended St. Henry's Marist Brothers' College and Glenwood High School. He had three children: sons Mothusi van Rensburg and Thomas van Rensburg and daughter Joanna Forbes.

paragraph: Section::::Diplomatic and political activities.

paragraph: Van Rensburg was South African Vice-Consul in the Belgian Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo) from February 1956 till May 1957, when he resigned as a protest against South Africa's apartheid policies of racial discrimination. He joined the Liberal Party of South Africa, becoming the party's organising secretary for the Transvaal province in September 1958.

paragraph: In 1959 he moved to the UK, where he almost immediately began helping organise the 1960 campaign to boycott South African goods in the UK and the Netherlands. Other organisers and supporters of the campaign included Julius Nyerere, Trevor Huddleston, Canon John Collins and Tennyson Makiwane. The Boycott Movement soon grew into the British Anti-Apartheid Movement.

paragraph: Van Rensburg was vilified by Afrikaners for his part in the campaign, and when he returned to South Africa in 1960, his passport was confiscated and he fled over the border to Swaziland.

paragraph: Section::::Botswana.

paragraph: In 1962 he moved to Bechuanaland (now Botswana), where he undertook many educational and social initiatives. In the 1980s he founded the Foundation for Education with Production. Towards the end of his life he was one of Botswana's elder statesmen, having written a regular column for years for "Mmegi", the independent daily newspaper.

paragraph: Van Rensburg died on 23 May 2017 in Serowe.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Guilty Land". London: Penguin, 1962. ISBN B0000CL9AT

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Report from Swaneng Hill". Uppsala: Dag Hammarskjold Foundation, 1974.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Serowe brigades: Alternative education in Botswana". Macmillan for the Bernard van Leer Foundation, 1978.

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Andrew Boyd. "Atlas of African Affairs". London: Methuen, 1962. .

paragraph: Van Rensburg has written a number of titles for the Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation.

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1981 Right Livelihood Award, with Bill Mollison and Mike Cooley

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Patrick van Rensburg in Botswana". "Contact" Vol 5, No 13, 28 June 1962. Retrieved 19 April 2006.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Right Livelihood Award: Roll of honour. Biography of Patrick van Rensburg. Retrieved 19 April 2006.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dag Hammarskjold Foundation.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography

description: Botswana writer

wikidata_label: Rensburg Patrick Van

wikipedia_title: Patrick van Rensburg


text:
Fenix TX
30footFALL
Sing The Body Electric
Sci-Fi/Horror
Blink-182
The Vandals
Good Charlotte
Pulley
Home Grown
Ape Machine
Trash Talk (band)
The Last Internationale
30 Foot Fall
Butch Klotz
Dallas
Austin
NOFX
Minor Threat
Fuzzgun Records
Fearless Records
Acme-143
Fenix TX
Houston, Texas
guitarist
Texan
pop punk
30 Foot Fall
Good Riddance
Goldfinger
EP
G.B.O.H.
record label
Fuzzgun Records
Home Grown
Cousin Oliver
The Hippos
intern
Drive-Thru Records
Riverfenix
print run
Blink-182
Mark Hoppus
manager
MCA
record deal
eponym
Fenix TX
Ryan Greene
Jerry Finn
"Billboard" 200
Top Heatseekers
single
TV movie
Jailbait
cameo appearance
music video
Billboard
Warped Tour
New Found Glory
Threesome
UK Singles Chart
Jerry Finn
Roddy Bottum
Faith No More
drum cadence
live album
Tempe, Arizona
Purple Reign in Blood - Live
Slayer
Prince
Jason Torbert
keyboardist
Sing the Body Electric
progressive rock
hardcore punk
Dashboard Confessional
profanity
Pork Pie Percussion
Pork Pie Percussion
Pork Pie Percussion
Amedia
Vater
Vater
30footFALL
30footFALL
30footFALL
30footFALL
Fearless Records
30footFALL
Die Cow Die Records
Riverfenix
Riverfenix
Drive-Thru Records
Fenix TX
MCA Records
Fenix TX
MCA Records
Fenix TX
MCA Records
Fenix TX
Cyber Tracks
Sing The Body Electric
Restart Records
Sci-Fi/Horror
Demasiado
Demasiado
Demasiado
Lindsey Cook
Demasiado
Avitia
Broken Note Records
ManOverboard
Doom, Doom, Doom
Ape Machine
Ape Machine

categories: American rock drummers,Living people,20th-century American drummers,21st-century American drummers,American male drummers,20th-century male musicians,1974 births

paragraph: Damon DeLaPaz

paragraph: Damon DeLaPaz (born July 22, 1974) is an American drummer and songwriter. He was a founding member of the punk rock groups Fenix TX, 30footFALL, Demasiado, and Sing The Body Electric. He has also recorded an instrumental solo project called Sci-Fi/Horror. DeLaPaz has recorded, performed and toured with a variety of different bands and also toured as a fill in drummer for Blink-182, The Vandals, Good Charlotte, Pulley, Home Grown, Ape Machine, Trash Talk (band), and The Last Internationale.

paragraph: Section::::History.

paragraph: Section::::History.:30 Foot Fall.

paragraph: DeLaPaz was recruited to play drums for 30 Foot Fall in the early 90s by then drummer Rubio Cisneros, Broken-Note founder/guitarist Crazy Tony Avitia, and lead singer Butch Klotz.

paragraph: Touring Houston, Dallas, and Austin, 30 Foot Fall's popularity grew. The band at this point had developed their own sound, comparable to early NOFX or based on elements developed by Minor Threat.

paragraph: DeLaPaz's first recording with the band was on the "Elementary School Love" 7". 30 Foot Fall then recorded and released their first LP with DeLaPaz, "Divided We Stand" on Fuzzgun Records in 1995 and began touring the United States extensively, eventually gaining a strong underground fanbase.

paragraph: The band followed up their first LP with the Junior High Sucked 7" and in 1996 Fearless Records signed the band and produced their next record, "Acme-143". DeLaPaz toured extensively with the band during their most active years before moving to California with his other band, Fenix TX.

paragraph: Section::::History.:Riverfenix / Fenix Tx.

paragraph: Fenix TX formed in late 1995 in Houston, Texas under the name Riverfenix by guitarists Will Salazar and Damon DeLaPaz (also the drummer for 30 Foot Fall at the time). The four piece played extensively on the Texan pop punk scene alongside such renowned bands as 30 Foot Fall, Good Riddance and Goldfinger.

paragraph: In 1996, the band released their debut EP "G.B.O.H." under the Houston-based record label Fuzzgun Records, which they then followed by playing the Mullets Across America Tour with Home Grown, Cousin Oliver and The Hippos. Two Mojo Records interns Richard and Stefanie Reines, were on the brink of starting their own label, Drive-Thru Records, and agreed to sign Riverfenix as their first band.

paragraph: In December 1997, Drive-Thru released Riverfenix's thirteen-track full-length debut "Riverfenix", produced by Jim Barnes. Within the following year, the album managed to sell out its first three print runs of 5,000 copies each. Blink-182's Mark Hoppus offered the band an opening slot on an upcoming Blink-182 tour, and eventually became their manager. Hoppus passed managing duties on to Blink-182 manager Rick DeVoe. While Fenix TX's song "Speechless" was slowly garnering radio airplay and major labels' attention, Hoppus' effort in promoting Riverfenix was overheard by Blink-182's record label MCA, who showed major interest in signing the band.

paragraph: Riverfenix became Fenix TX. With a new record deal, Fenix TX re-recorded the majority of their 1997 eponymous album for their MCA debut "Fenix TX" with new tracks produced by Ryan Greene and mixed by Jerry Finn, and released it July 13, 1999. The album debuted at #115 on the "Billboard" 200 and reached #3 on "Billboard"'s Top Heatseekers. The hit single "All My Fault" received heavy radio and TV airplay, triggered through the song's integration in the TV movie "Jailbait" (2000), which even featured a cameo appearance by Fenix TX. The music video, in return, starred Alycia Purrott from the cast of "Jailbait", as well as Blink-182's Hoppus. "All My Fault" reached #21 on the Billboard Modern Rock charts.

paragraph: Fenix TX went on numerous tours, including the Warped Tour and both national and international tours with label mates New Found Glory. However, in late 2000, drummer Reyes left the band to pursue other interests. To compensate, DeLaPaz took over drumming duties for the band.

paragraph: DeLaPaz's second recording with the band, "Lechuza" was released on May 22, 2001 and debuted on #87 of the Billboard 200, with its single "Threesome" reaching #66 on the UK Singles Chart. "Lechuza" featured DeLaPaz on Guitar as well as Drums. The album was produced by Jerry Finn and also includes Keyboard tracks performed by Roddy Bottum of the band Faith No More. The hidden track at the end of the album entitled "Kool-Aid", features DeLaPaz on all instruments including bass guitar. The instrumental song was inspired by a drum cadence that DeLaPaz and Salazar performed as part of the drum line in their high school marching band.

paragraph: The decision to break up the band occurred in the middle of the writing process for what would have become Fenix TX's third album. On September 19, 2002, the disbandment of Fenix TX was officially announced. However, the band reunited again to record a live album at The Clubhouse in Tempe, Arizona, which was released under the title "Purple Reign in Blood - Live" on November 8, 2005. DeLaPaz's concept for the album's artwork merged the band's logo with the pentagram from Thrash Metal Band Slayer's logo on top of Prince's iconic glyph. The album's artwork resulted in a cease and desist order from Prince's attorneys.

paragraph: Section::::History.:Sing the Body Electric.

paragraph: After the breakup of Fenix TX in September 2002, DeLaPaz and Adam Lewis recruited singer Anthony Scalamere, bassist Jason Torbert and ex-Fenix TX guitarist James Love (who was replaced by guitarist/keyboardist Tony Montemarano in February 2004) for their experimental/hardcore side-project Big Black Boat. Soon after the formation, the name of the project was changed first to ChChCh HaHaHa and officially became Sing the Body Electric on February 15, 2004. Sing the Body Electric recorded their eponymous six song EP "Sing the Body Electric", which was released by Restart Records on August 10, 2004. The band put on many energetic live performances in Southern California alongside bands such as Sparta and Unwritten Law, and embarked on one US tour opening for Fu Manchu.

paragraph: Sing the Body Electric's musical style was completely different from that of Fenix TX, and tended more towards progressive rock and hardcore punk. Somewhat distasteful behavior was also reflected by singer Scalamere, who was known for his extreme views on contemporary music, as evidenced by an incident where he bragged about assaulting a person for wearing a Dashboard Confessional T-shirt. On May 26, 2005, after months of inactivity and a deadlock on Sing the Body Electric's website, Scalamere proclaimed the breakup of the band on their message board in a profanity-plastered diatribe that implicated the unreachability of band members as a major factor. The post ended with the words "sing the body is dead". In response to this, Adam Lewis wrote "Well if Sing The Body Electric is dead, YOU KILLED IT!"

paragraph: Section::::Equipment.

paragraph: Section::::Equipment.:Kit.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Drums - Pork Pie Percussion Custom set

paragraph: BULLET::::- 13x9" Tom

paragraph: BULLET::::- 16x18" Floor Tom

paragraph: BULLET::::- 18x20" Floor Tom

paragraph: BULLET::::- 26x22" Bass Drum

paragraph: BULLET::::- 14x9" Pork Pie Percussion Custom Snare

paragraph: BULLET::::- 14x7" Pork Pie Percussion Custom Snare

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cymbals - Amedia

paragraph: BULLET::::- 14" Hi-Hats

paragraph: BULLET::::- 22" Ride

paragraph: BULLET::::- 18" Crash

paragraph: BULLET::::- 6" Bell

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sticks - Vater

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vater 5B Signature Sticks.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "30footFALL - "Elementary School Love" 7" (Yo Mama's Records, 1994) - Drums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "30footFALL - "Divided We Stand" LP (Fuzzgun Records, 1994) - Drums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "30footFALL - "Jr. High Sucked" 7" (1996) - Drums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "30footFALL - "Acme 143" LP (Fearless Records, 1997) - Drums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "30footFALL - "Cartoons" 7" (Die Cow Die Records, 1998) - Drums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Riverfenix - "G.B.O.H." EP (Fuzzgun Records, 1996) - Guitar

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Riverfenix - S/T LP (Drive-Thru Records, 1997) - Guitar

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fenix TX - S/T LP (MCA Records. 1999) - Guitar

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fenix TX - "Lechuza" LP MCA Records. 2001) - Drums, Guitar

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fenix TX - "Purple Reign In Blood Live" LP (MCA Records. 2005) - Drums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fenix TX - "Cre.ep' EP (Cyber Tracks. 2016) - Drums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sing The Body Electric - S/T (Restart Records, 2004) - Drums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sci-Fi/Horror - S/T (Sci-Fi/Horror Records, 2006) - All Instruments

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Demasiado - "May The Horse Be With You" LP (Sci-Fi/Horror Records, 2006) - All Instruments

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Demasiado - "EP" (Sezio Records, 2006) - Drums, Guitar

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Demasiado - "One Night In A Vision Cult" - Drums, Guitar

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lindsey Cook - "Cold Days" EP (Sezio Records, 2007) - Drums, Guitar

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Demasiado - "Birth of a Worm in the Inner Ear" (2008) - Guitar

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Avitia - "Oceanside Boulevard" EP (Broken Note Records, 2008) - Drums, Percussion

paragraph: BULLET::::- "ManOverboard - "Port Towns" (2011) - Drums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Doom, Doom, Doom - "Exiles" (2012) - Guitar

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ape Machine - "Mangled By The Machine" (2013) - Drums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ape Machine - "Coalition of the Unwilling" (2015) - Drums

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Damon DeLaPaz

wikipedia_title: Damon DeLaPaz


text:
heavy metal
Suicidal Tendencies
Rocky George
funk metal
Infectious Grooves
Ugly Kid Joe
America's Least Wanted

categories: African-American rock musicians,Suicidal Tendencies members,20th-century American guitarists,American male guitarists,Guitarists from Texas,Musicians from Texas,African-American guitarists,People from San Antonio,1965 births,Living people,American heavy metal guitarists,Musicians from San Antonio

paragraph: Dean Pleasants

paragraph: Dean Pleasants (born May 18, 1965) is a heavy metal guitarist. He has been the lead guitarist for Suicidal Tendencies since 1996, and is their longest-standing lead guitarist, surpassing Rocky George, who had been the band for 11 years. He is also a member of the Suicidal Tendencies funk metal side project Infectious Grooves. He also played with Ugly Kid Joe on their "America's Least Wanted" album and was in the Jessica Simpson band for several years. He also played with George Clinton, Tone Loc, Coke advertisements, Poe, Jody Watley and Atlantic Starr.

paragraph: Dean uses VHT, Fender and Marshall amps and plays Fernandes and ESP guitars.

description: guitarist

wikidata_label: Dean Pleasants

wikipedia_title: Dean Pleasants


text:
San Francisco
California
Woodside
California
United States Secretary of the Navy
John F. Kennedy
The Thacher School
Ojai
California
Stanford University
U.S. Navy
Pearl Harbor
Officer Candidate School
PT boat
Melville, Rhode Island
John F. Kennedy
Mill Valley, California
U.S. House of Representatives
U.S. Senate
his campaign for U.S. President
JFK's wedding
Undersecretary of the Navy
Robert McNamara
Secretary of the Navy
U.S. President
Kennedy's assassination
Naval War College Foundation
Alzheimer's disease
Woodside, California
Colma, California
San Mateo County, California

categories: Stanford University alumni,People from Woodside, California,American naval personnel of World War II,United States Navy officers,Politicians from San Francisco,United States Under Secretaries of the Navy,United States Secretaries of the Navy,Military personnel from California,Deaths from Alzheimer's disease,1918 births,2009 deaths,United States Navy sailors,Writers from San Francisco

paragraph: Paul B. Fay

paragraph: Paul Burgess Fay Jr. (8 July 1918, San Francisco, California – 23 September 2009 Woodside, California), was the Acting United States Secretary of the Navy in November 1963, and a close confidant of President John F. Kennedy.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: Paul B. Fay Jr was born on July 8, 1918, in the City of San Francisco, County of San Francisco, California to Paul B. Fay Sr (1884-1970) and his wife, Katherine "Oliver" Fay (1887-1980).

paragraph: Fay Jr attended The Thacher School in Ojai, California, and later Stanford University. After graduating from Stanford in 1941, Fay worked for his father's construction firm, Fay Improvement Co, a Bay-area paving contractor, and enlisted in the U.S. Navy after the bombing of Pearl Harbor in December 1941.

paragraph: Fay attended Officer Candidate School and was assigned to PT boat training at Melville, Rhode Island, where John F. Kennedy was his instructor. They were assigned to the same base in the South Pacific, though they were not on the same boat. Fay received a Bronze Star during his war service when his boat was disabled by a torpedo that was dropped by a Japanese plane, piercing the hull below the water line but failing to explode. Fay got the boat back to base where it sank.

paragraph: After his war service, Fay returned to the United States and rejoined his father's company. On 5 October 1946, he married Anita Marcus of Mill Valley, California. They had 3 children: Katherine Fay, Paul Fay III, and Sally Fay Cottingham.

paragraph: Paul Fay and Kennedy became close friends, and Fay worked on Kennedy's early campaigns for the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate, and also on his campaign for U.S. President. Paul Fay was an usher at JFK's wedding.

paragraph: On Kennedy's election as President, Fay was nominated and served as Undersecretary of the Navy over the objections of Defense Secretary Robert McNamara and then as Acting Secretary of the Navy in November 1963 while Kennedy was U.S. President. He resigned effective November 28, 1963, following Kennedy's assassination on November 22, 1963; however he remained undersecretary of the Navy until 1965.

paragraph: In 1966, he wrote the best-seller "The Pleasure of His Company" about Kennedy.

paragraph: The Fay Improvement Company was sold in 1967 and Fay founded William Hutchinson & Co, an investment research firm. He was a director of Vestaur Securities and First American Financial, and was a Trustee of the Naval War College Foundation and of Mount St. Joseph-St. Elizabeth of San Francisco.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: After suffering from Alzheimer's disease for many years, Paul Burgess Fay Jr died at his home in Woodside, California on September 23, 2009. Fay Jr will be buried at the Holy Cross Cemetery in Colma, California which is located in San Mateo County, California. He was survived by his wife of 62 years, Anita Fay, and his three children: Paul Fay III, Katherine Fay, and Sally Fay Cottingham.

description: American politician

wikidata_label: Paul B. Fay

wikipedia_title: Paul B. Fay