text:
SS
Untersturmführer
Sobibór extermination camp
genocide
Jews
Operation Reinhard
The Holocaust
Nazi Party
Bełżec extermination camp
SS-Oberscharführer
Sobibór extermination camp
Heinrich Himmler
SS-Untersturmführer
Karl Frenzel
Sobibór
Sonderkommando

categories: Assassinated Nazis,SS-Untersturmführer,1943 deaths,Sobibór extermination camp personnel,1913 births,Bełżec extermination camp personnel,Axe murder

paragraph: Johann Niemann

paragraph: Johann Niemann (4 August 1913 – 14 October 1943) was a German "SS-Untersturmführer" (Second Lieutenant) and deputy commandant of Sobibór extermination camp. Niemann directly perpetrated the genocide of Jews and other peoples at Sobibór during the Operation Reinhard phase of The Holocaust.

paragraph: Niemann joined the Nazi Party in 1931 as member number 753,836 and the SS in 1934 as member number 270,600. He first served at Bełżec extermination camp, at the rank of "SS-Oberscharführer" (Staff Sergeant), where he commanded Camp II, the extermination area. He then was transferred to Sobibór extermination camp. Niemann was deputy commander of Sobibór on various occasions in 1942 before being given the position permanently in early 1943. After Heinrich Himmler's visit to Sobibór on 12 February 1943, Niemann was promoted to "SS-Untersturmführer".

paragraph: Karl Frenzel, also a commandant at Sobibór, recalled how Niemann handled a particular threat of prisoner revolt within the camp:

paragraph: On 14 October 1943, a prisoner uprising took place at the Sobibór camp. Niemann was the highest-ranking SS officer who was on duty that day, and so he was the first person targeted to be assassinated by the prisoners. Niemann was killed in the tailor's barracks with an axe to his head by Alexander Shubayev, a Jewish Red Army soldier imprisoned at Sobibór as "Sonderkommando" slave labourer.

description: German SS officer

wikidata_label: Johann Niemann

wikipedia_title: Johann Niemann


text:
journalist
intellectual
Gilbert Abbott à Beckett
Mary Anne à Beckett
Gilbert Arthur à Beckett
Felsted School
Punch
W. S. Gilbert
psychiatrist
Forbes Benignus Winslow
Francis Burnand
F. C. Burnand
Royalty Theatre
Court Theatre
The Haymarket
J. Palgrave Simpson

categories: 1909 deaths,English male journalists,1844 births,English humorists

paragraph: Arthur William à Beckett

paragraph: Arthur William à Beckett (25 October 1844 – 14 January 1909) was an English journalist and intellectual.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was a younger son of Gilbert Abbott à Beckett and Mary Anne à Beckett, brother of Gilbert Arthur à Beckett and educated at Felsted School. Besides fulfilling other journalistic engagements, Beckett was on the staff of "Punch" from 1874 to 1902, edited the "Sunday Times" 1891-1895, and the "Naval and Military Magazine" in 1896.

paragraph: He gave an account of his father and his own reminiscences in "The à Becketts of Punch" (1903). A childhood friend (and distant relative) of W. S. Gilbert, Beckett briefly feuded with Gilbert in 1869, but the two patched up the friendship, and Gilbert even later collaborated on projects with Beckett's brother.

paragraph: He was married to Suzanne Frances Winslow, daughter of the noted psychiatrist Forbes Benignus Winslow.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: He published:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Comic Guide to the Royal Academy", with his brother Gilbert (1863–64)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fallen Amongst Thieves" (1869)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Our Holiday in the Highlands" (1874)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Shadow Witness" and "The Doom of Saint Quirec", with Francis Burnand (1875–76)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Ghost of Greystone Grange" (1877)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Mystery of Mostyn Manor" (1878)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Traded Out"; "Hard Luck"; "Stone Broke"; "Papers from Pump Handle Court, by a Briefless Barrister" (1884)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Modern Arabian Nights" (1885)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Member for Wrottenborough" (1895)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Greenroom Recollections" (1896)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Modern Adam" (1899)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "London at the End of the Century" (1900)

paragraph: BULLET::::- With F. C. Burnand he co-authored:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Doom of St. Querec" (1875)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Shadow Witness" (1876)

paragraph: He wrote for the theatre two three-act comedies:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "L.S.D." (Royalty Theatre, 1872);

paragraph: BULLET::::- "About Town" (Court Theatre, 1873, it ran for over 150 nights);

paragraph: and

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On Strike" (Court Theatre, 1873, a domestic drama in one act) ;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Faded Flowers" (The Haymarket);

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Long Ago" (Royalty Theatre, 1882);

paragraph: BULLET::::- "From Father to Son" (Liverpool, 1881, a dramatised version of his novel "Fallen among Thieves" written in 3 acts in cooperation with J. Palgrave Simpson).

paragraph: Section::::External links.

description: British journalist and intellectual

wikidata_label: Arthur William à Beckett

wikipedia_title: Arthur William à Beckett


text: baroque

text: Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation

text: Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth

text: Russian Tsardom

text: Hamburg

text: St. Michaelis Church, Hamburg

text: Danzig

text: Royal Prussia

text: Journeyman

text: Sambor

text: Mestwin

text: Pelplin monastery

text: Danzig

text: John III Sobieski

text: Wilanów Palace

text: Warsaw

text: Żółkiew (Zhovkva)

text: pediment

text: Krasiński Palace

text: Berlin

text: Eberhard von Danckelmann

text: armory ("Zeughaus")

text: Frederick III

text: pathos

text: Mennonite

text: Michelangelo Buonarroti

text: Gian Lorenzo Bernini

text: Prussian Academy of Arts

text: equestrian sculpture

text: Frederick William of Brandenburg

text: Berlin City Palace

text: Charlottenburg Palace

text: World War II

text: Communist regime

text: Amber Room

text: Peter the Great

text: Saint Petersburg

text: Johann Friedrich Braunstein

text: Grand Palace

text: Monplaisir Palace

text: Peterhof Palace Complex

text: Kikin Hall

text: Summer Palace

text: Petrine Baroque

text: Gdańsk

text: facade

text: Wilanów Palace

text: Warsaw

text: pediment

text: Krasiński Palace

text: epitaph

text: Frombork

text: altar

text: Węgrów

text: Sobieski family

text: Zhovkva

text: Lviv

text: altar

text: Wawel Cathedral

text: Kraków

text: Frederick William

text: Charlottenburg Palace

text: Bode-Museum

text: Catherine Palace

text: Saint Petersburg

text: Friedrich I

text: Sophia Charlotte

text: Berlin Cathedral

text: Biography, by Heinz Ladendorf, 1935

text: Article in Morgenpost newspaper

text: dhm.de: Schlüter bio at Zeughaus

categories: Polish architects,Russian architects,18th-century German sculptors,1664 births,18th-century Russian sculptors,1714 deaths,Russian male sculptors,Baroque architects,17th-century German architects,17th-century German sculptors,People from Hamburg,Baroque sculptors,Polish sculptors,17th-century Russian sculptors,18th-century German architects,German male sculptors,People from Gdańsk

paragraph: Andreas Schlüter

paragraph: Andreas Schlüter (1659 – c. June 1714) was a German baroque sculptor and architect, active in the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, and the Russian Tsardom.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Andreas Schlüter was born probably in Hamburg. His early life is obscure as at least three different persons of that name are documented. The records of St. Michaelis Church, Hamburg show that an Andreas Schlüter, son of sculptor Gerhart Schlüter, had been baptized there on 22 May 1664. Documents from Danzig/Gdańsk (Royal Prussia) reported that an Andreas Schlüter "(senior)" had worked 1640–1652 in Danzig's Jopengasse lane (today's ulica Piwna). Possibly born in 1640, an "Andres Schliter" is recorded as apprentice on 9 May 1656 by the mason's guild. Other sources state 1659 as year of birth.

paragraph: He probably did spend several years abroad as Journeyman. His first work, in 1675, may have been epitaphs of the Dukes Sambor and Mestwin in the dome of Pelplin monastery.

paragraph: Schlüter's first known work was the decoration of the facade of the Danzig Royal Chapel, in 1681. He later created statues for King John III Sobieski's Wilanów Palace in Warsaw and sepulchral sculptures in Żółkiew (Zhovkva). In 1689, he moved to Warsaw and made the pediment reliefs and sculptural work of Krasiński Palace.

paragraph: Schlüter was invited to Berlin in 1694 by Eberhard von Danckelmann to work as court sculptor at the armory ("Zeughaus") for Elector Frederick III. His sculpted decorations are a masterpiece of baroque expression and pathos. While the more visible reliefs on the outside had to praise fighting, the statues of dying warriors in the interior denounced war and gave an indication of his pacifist religious beliefs (he is said to have been a Mennonite). Travelling through Italy in 1696, he studied the work of masters like Michelangelo Buonarroti and Gian Lorenzo Bernini.

paragraph: Schlüter also worked as an architect and built many state buildings in Berlin in his role as "Hofbaumeister" (Court Architect), which he lost when one tower showed signs of a weak fundament. He also served as director of the Prussian Academy of Arts from 1702 to 1704, after which he began concentrating on sculpting again, as "Hofbildhauer" (Court Sculptor). His most important equestrian sculpture is that of the "Great Elector", Frederick William of Brandenburg, cast in 1708 and placed at "Lange Brücke" near the Berlin City Palace, now situated in the honor court before Charlottenburg Palace.

paragraph: The Berlin City Palace, and many of his works, were partially destroyed by bombing in World War II and by the subsequent Communist regime. A similar fate probably befell the Amber Room, made between 1701 and 1709, Schlüter's most famous work of architecture.

paragraph: In 1713 Schlüter's fame brought him to work for Tsar Peter the Great in Saint Petersburg, where he died of an illness after creating several designs. Together with Johann Friedrich Braunstein, he designed the Grand Palace and Monplaisir Palace in Peterhof Palace Complex. Also the city's oldest building, Kikin Hall, and the reliefs at the Summer Palace are attributed to him. This way he became an important figure of Petrine Baroque.

paragraph: Section::::Extant works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- facade of the Royal Chapel, Gdańsk, 1681

paragraph: BULLET::::- sculptures on the facade of Wilanów Palace, Warsaw, after 1681

paragraph: BULLET::::- sculptures on the pediment of Krasiński Palace, Warsaw, 1682-3, 1689–93

paragraph: BULLET::::- epitaph of Adam Zygmunt Konarski, St. Mary's Cathedral of the Assumption, Frombork near Gdańsk, after 1683

paragraph: BULLET::::- altar and crucifix in church, Węgrów near Warsaw, 1688–90

paragraph: BULLET::::- sepulchral sculptures of the Sobieski family, Zhovkva near Lviv, 1692–93

paragraph: BULLET::::- altar in Czerniaków church, Warsaw, 1690

paragraph: BULLET::::- portrait bishop Jan Małachowski in Wawel Cathedral, Kraków 1693

paragraph: BULLET::::- equestrian statue of Elector Frederick William, courtyard of Charlottenburg Palace, Berlin, 1689–1703, with a copy in the Berlin Bode-Museum

paragraph: BULLET::::- (reconstruction) in the Catherine Palace of near Saint Petersburg, 1701

paragraph: BULLET::::- pulpit, , Berlin, 1703

paragraph: BULLET::::- sarcophagi of Friedrich I and Sophia Charlotte, king and queen of Prussia in the Berlin Cathedral

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography, by Heinz Ladendorf, 1935

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article in Morgenpost newspaper

paragraph: BULLET::::- dhm.de: Schlüter bio at Zeughaus

paragraph: BULLET::::- English site about Kikin's Palace (Mansion House)

description: German baroque sculptor and architect

wikidata_label: Andreas Schlüter

wikipedia_title: Andreas Schlüter


text: South African Broadcasting Corporation

text: University of the Witwatersrand

text: Johannesburg

text: University of South Africa

text: University of the Witwatersrand

text: Adolph Hallis

text: Cape Town

text: Ernest Fleischman

text: Blanche Gerstman

text: Pieter Dirk Uys

text: Felix Prohaska

text: Clemens Krauss

text: Felix Petyrek

text: Mozarteum

text: Igor Markevitch

text: Daniel Barenboim

text: Wolfgang Sawallisch

text: Austria

text: Karl Böhm

text: Otto Klemperer

text: Erich Kleiber

text: Rafael Kubelik

text: Rudolf Moralt

text: Wilhelm Furtwängler

text: Hans Knappertsbusch

text: Herbert von Karajan

text: Leopold Stokowski's

text: Boeremusiek

text: Mantovani

text: Jos Cleber

text: Henk Badings

text: Erling Blondell-Bengtsson

text: Alfred Brendel

text: Pierre Boulez

text: Robert Craft

text: Marina de Gabarain

text: Monique de la Bruchollerie

text: Antal Dorati

text: Phillipe Entremont

text: Christian Ferras

text: Arthur Fiedler

text: Pierre Fournier

text: Eric Friedman

text: Monique Haas

text: Ivan Melman

text: Andre Navarra

text: Edith Peinemann

text: John Pritchard

text: Ruggiero Ricci

text: Malcolm Sargent

text: Constantin Silvestri

text: Abbey Simon

text: Maria Stader

text: Karlheinz Stockhausen

text: Igor Stravinsky

text: Tamas Vasàry

text: Ernst Wallfisch

text: Stefans Grové

text: Arnold van Wyk

text: Hubert du Plessis

text: Roelof Temmingh

text: Peter Klatzow

text: Mozambique

text: Namibia

text: Harare

text: Zimbabwe

text: London Symphony Orchestra

text: John Joubert

text: University of Stellenbosch

text: Curtis Institute of Music

text: Eastman School of Music

text: Oberlin College

text: Cleveland Institute of Music

text: North Carolina School of Arts

text: Juilliard School of Music

text: Dorothy Delay

text: lymphatic cancer

text: Afrikaner nationalism

text: British imperialism

text: Afrikaans

text: Afrikaner Broederbond

text: Anton Rupert

text: N.P. van Wyk Louw

text: FW de Klerk

text: Piet Meyer

categories: South African conductors (music),1982 deaths,Classical music in South Africa,1918 births,University of the Witwatersrand alumni

paragraph: Anton Hartman

paragraph: Anton Carlisle Hartman (1918–1982) was a South African conductor. He was head of music and principal conductor at the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC) and head of music at the University of the Witwatersrand. He became a central figure in art music in South Africa during the mid 20th century.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Anton Hartman was the third of six children of a poor family, born at Geduld near Johannesburg in South Africa on 26 October 1918. His father, Stephanus Lionel, a champion marathon runner, was a mine worker and his mother, Maria Barbara Van Amstel, née Van Ryneveld, a piano teacher. She also played piano accompaniments to the silent movies in the 1920s.

paragraph: Hartman first received piano lessons from his mother when he was about seven years old. He made good progress and was soon playing solo piano works and Lieder accompaniments. His elder sisters were also able singers. The family was keen on their long playing records, the predecessors of CDs, listening again and again to a vast collection of music.

paragraph: As a child and teenager Anton Hartman was a loyal member of the Voortrekkers movement which was to become a feature in Afrikaans cultural society. He became a leader in his commando. Their structured activities suited his personality type, one that was also moulded by financial hardship and a fervent will to advance in life. This organisation still exists, focusing as it did on Christian ethics, self-realisation and community service.

paragraph: Hartman obtained the Performer's Licentiate in Piano of the University of South Africa (Unisa) and a BMus degree at the University of the Witwatersrand (Wits) in 1939, Adolph Hallis being his teacher. Aged 21, Hartman started his career at the South African Broadcasting Corporation (SABC) in December 1939 and his first position was that of programme compiler of classical music for the Afrikaans service.

paragraph: Section::::Achievements.

paragraph: The SABC environment provided many opportunities to acquaint himself with its symphony orchestra: rehearsals, recordings and concerts, many of which were broadcast live and which were the order of the day. Hartman began to realise that, most of all, he wanted to become a conductor. While temporarily transferred to Cape Town in 1947 he took conducting lessons with Albert Coates, sharing these group lessons with Ernest Fleischman, Blanche Gerstman (composer) and Hannes Uys (the father of Tessa and Pieter Dirk Uys).

paragraph: In 1948 he was appointed part-time conductor of the Johannesburg Symphony Orchestra and the West Rand Municipal Orchestra of Krugersdorp, both of which were amateur orchestras.

paragraph: In 1944 he married Josina Wilhelmina (Jossie) Boshoff, a singer whom he first met as a secretary at the SABC. Hartman was awarded the Melanie Pollak Scholarship and Union Post Graduate Scholarship which enabled him to study abroad. Having obtained study leave from the SABC, he and Jossie left for Europe in 1949. Vienna became a second home where his conducting teachers included Felix Prohaska (conductor of the Vienna State Opera) and Clemens Krauss for close on two years. His other teachers were Felix Petyrek (composition), Renate Lang (piano) and Oskar Fitz (violin and viola). Jossie's singing teacher was Maria Hittorf. During the summer holidays of 1950 and 1951 Hartman attended the International Summer Academy courses at the Mozarteum in Salzburg with teacher Igor Markevitch, at which he excelled. Markevitch invited the South African to be his assistant at the courses of 1953 and 1955. The latter event saw a very young Daniel Barenboim as one of Hartman's students. In Salzburg he met Wolfgang Sawallisch who became a lifelong friend.

paragraph: Austria was where his skills, know-how and tastes were refined. He attended many rehearsals and performances conducted by the great names of the time. Karl Böhm, Otto Klemperer, Erich Kleiber, Rafael Kubelik, Rudolf Moralt, Wilhelm Furtwängler, Hans Knappertsbusch and Herbert von Karajan were on his list of admired maestri, whereas he found Leopold Stokowski's theatrical mannerisms outrageous.

paragraph: Upon his return to South Africa late in 1951 Hartman was appointed assistant conductor at the SABC, alongside Jeremy Schulman and Edgar Cree. His first live broadcast with the SABC Orchestra was on 15 November 1951, Beethoven's Third Symphony (the Eroica) being presented as the main work on the programme. Renowned visiting American pianist Andor Foldes performed with the SABC under his baton in 1953. Hartman added his voice to the plea for a bigger symphony orchestra which could perform and broadcast a wider range of music. This became a reality in 1954 when the orchestra amalgamated with the Johannesburg City Orchestra.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: The Federasie van Afrikaanse Kultuurvereniginge (FAK), translated Federation of Afrikaans cultural societies, was founded in 1929. Hartman had already served on the dynamic music committee of the FAK since 1944. In 1955 he was appointed head of this committee, a position he retained until 1981. Over the following decades Hartman and his committee made significant strides in producing popular Afrikaans song books, presenting courses for school music, arranging competitions for choirs and awarding bursaries for deserving musicians.

paragraph: In 1960 Hartman was appointed head of music at the SABC, a newly created position. This resulted in a scaling down of his conducting load and his being sent to Europe to investigate management models and recruit orchestra players. It was the first of a number of such visits to Europe. Upon his return home he initiated more projects for light music as well as ethnic Afrikaans music (Boeremusiek). For the former projects international artists Mantovani and Jos Cleber were involved.

paragraph: The next two decades Hartman’s career at the SABC saw him becoming principal conductor in 1964 and later head of music again in 1967 until 1977.

paragraph: He was a long time friend and associate of Hans Adler (Chairman of the Johannesburg Musical Society, and well known for his keyboard instrument collection and extensive library, later willed to Witwatersrand University, where Hartman had just earlier become head of music) and their co-operation led to many years of concerts and SABC recordings by the finest overseas musicians.

paragraph: Classical musicians who accepted invitations by the SABC to perform or conduct in South Africa in the sixties and seventies included Radu Aldulescu, Henk Badings, Michel Block, Erling Blondell-Bengtsson, Jorge Bolet, Alfred Brendel, Frederick Brenn, Pierre Boulez, Alfredo Campoli, Edgar Cosma, Robert Craft, Marina de Gabarain, Monique de la Bruchollerie, Antal Dorati, Phillipe Entremont, Christian Ferras, Arthur Fiedler, Pierre Fournier, Josef Friedland, Eric Friedman, Pierino Gamba, Leonce Gras, Monique Haas, Piet Halsema, Jascha Horenstein, Mindru Katz, Gerald Krug, Louis Lane, Franco Mannino, Dennis Matthews, Ivan Melman, Hans Mommer, Andre Navarra, Rafael Orozco, Franco Patone, Gyorgy Pauk, Edith Peinemann, John Pritchard, Ruggiero Ricci, Witold Rowicki, Malcolm Sargent, Bela Siki, Constantin Silvestri, Abbey Simon, Ruth Slenczynska, Maria Stader, Janos Starker, Daniel Sternefeld, Karlheinz Stockhausen, Igor Stravinsky, Henryk Szering, Bryden Thomas, Sergio Varella-Cid, Tibor Varga, Tamas Vasàry, Heinz Wallberg, Ernst Wallfisch, Daniel Wayenberg, Kurt Wöss, Narciso Yepes (Concert programmes).

paragraph: Hartman was also committed to presenting South African musicians in SABC broadcasts. Instrumentalists and vocalists were traced through auditions and offered contracts. South African composers were commissioned to compose for broadcasting and be 'discovered'. Stefans Grové, Arnold van Wyk, Hubert du Plessis, Roelof Temmingh and Peter Klatzow featured in this group.

paragraph: His passionate desire to involve the youth in art music flowered into the founding of the South African National Youth Orchestra, in association with the South African Society of Music Teachers. The SABC also had its own Junior Orchestra.

paragraph: The inception in 1970 of the SABC Music Prize for young local performers who wished to pursue a solo career was another brain-child of Hartman’s.

paragraph: As a result of Hartman’s establishing of the Opera Society of South Africa (OPSA) in 1957, opera productions in Afrikaans increased and local singers performed and shone in their roles. Operas and oratorios were translated into Afrikaans by Hartman himself together with his colleagues.

paragraph: The SABC Orchestra visited local cities, rural towns and neighbouring countries, Mozambique and South West Africa (today Namibia) to introduce audiences to the genre. Orchestras in Salisbury (today Harare) and Bulawayo in Rhodesia (today Zimbabwe) were conducted by Hartman in 1971, 1973 and 1976.

paragraph: During the 70th anniversary celebrations of the city of Johannesburg in 1956 the London Symphony Orchestra visited the 'City of Gold' and Hartman conducted one of the performances.

paragraph: Hartman was invited to conduct in Europe, in many instances being the first South African to do so. In 1953 he conducted the orchestra at the opening concert at the International Summer Academy in Salzburg. A performance with the radio symphony orchestra of Vienna followed in 1955, as well as with the radio symphony orchestra of the North West German radio in Hamburg in the same year. A recording of works by South Africans John Joubert and Arnold van Wyk was made by the latter orchestra. In 1964 he conducted three concerts in Brussels, Belgium, that were recorded and later broadcast. In August 1966 Hartman was on the outdoor podium with the orchestra of Santa Cecilia in the Forum Romanum in Rome, Italy. More invitations to Italy followed when Hartman was selected as jury member for the Radio Italia Prix in 1969, 1972, and 1976.

paragraph: Section::::Academic.

paragraph: In 1944 Hartman obtained BMus Hons and in 1947 MMus, both with distinction, from the University of the Witwatersrand. The M-thesis is titled 'A Survey of European Music in South Africa, 1652 – 1800'. In 1968 he served on the board of the newly established Rand Afrikaans University (today the University of Johannesburg). The University of Stellenbosch awarded Hartman an honorary degree DMus in 1968 and his alma mater awarded Hartman an honorary degree DMus in 1975. The commendation in the brochure for the occasion read.

paragraph: In 1968 Hartman was appointed a full faculty member of the Suid-Afrikaanse Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns.

paragraph: In 1978 Hartman left the SABC to take up the post of head of music at the University of the Witwatersrand. Anton Nel was the top piano student there at the time and later pursued an international career as pedagogue and concert pianist.

paragraph: Hartman sought insight into the running of academic music departments and drawing up syllabi. For this purpose he visited eleven institutions in the USA, including the Curtis Institute of Music, Eastman School of Music, Oberlin College in Ohio, Cleveland Institute of Music, Akron (university and symphony orchestra), North Carolina School of Arts, Florida State University and the Juilliard School of Music in January 1980. Personalities interviewed by Hartman included John de Lancie, Clayton Krehbiel, Louis Lane (a personal friend) and Dorothy Delay. Delay accepted the invitation to visit South Africa the following year to present master classes. New music courses were subsequently introduced at Wits.

paragraph: Throughout the years numerous articles by Hartman were published in books and journals, including 'History of the music of the Afrikaner'.

paragraph: The South African State Theatre in Pretoria was inaugurated in May 1981. Hartman conducted one of the gala concerts with soloists Mimi Coertse, Evelyn Dalberg, Bernard de Clerk and Deon Van der Walt.

paragraph: Hartman was diagnosed with lymphatic cancer in that year and died on 3 February 1982.

paragraph: Section::::The cultural agenda of Afrikaner nationalism.

paragraph: Afrikaner nationalism was aimed at countering British imperialism in South Africa. It originated in the late 19th century and reached its zenith by about 1975. Afrikaans, the young language of a very diverse group of people, was the primary (but not exclusive) asset of Afrikaner nationalism. Tangible until at least the mid 20th century, British imperialism evaporated as Afrikaner nationalism and black nationalism took over.

paragraph: Afrikaner nationalism flourished in the organisations that sprouted from it. The Afrikaner Broederbond (AB, founded in 1918) was one such organisation. In English this can be translated to Brotherhood. It was a 'secret' and powerful Afrikaner men's society that exerted its influence in many spheres. Broederbonders who became prominent in the South African landscape included the industrialist Anton Rupert, poet and playwright N.P. van Wyk Louw, Nobel Peace Prize winner FW de Klerk, and Piet Meyer. Meyer was appointed director-general of the SABC in 1959, the same year that he became chairperson of the AB.

paragraph: According to his diary Hartman, aged 33, was invited to join the AB on 29 February 1952. As a mother tongue Afrikaans speaker and deeply aware of his fellow Afrikaners’ perceived or real educational, cultural and economic inferiority he accepted this invitation. When he was a young employee at the SABC carefully selecting records to play on the air, he was already harnessing the uplifting that beautiful music could bring to very ordinary people in the remote rural areas of the expansive sub continent. By the time he was head of music or the principal conductor of the SABC he could build the biggest philharmonic orchestra south of the Sahara to a formidable entity. He also insisted on exposing South African audiences to art music of the 20th century. Like many of his ilk, Hartman summoned his own developing sophistication to serve a valid cause, albeit as a member of the AB.

paragraph: Section::::Awards bestowed on Anton Hartman.

paragraph: 1962: Honorary Medal for Music, by the Suid-Afrikaanse Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns

paragraph: 1972: Honorary Member of the South African Society of Music Teachers (SASMT)

paragraph: 1977: Artes Award, SABC

paragraph: 1979: Half Century Memorial Award, by the FAK

paragraph: 1979: Honorary Membership of the Johannesburg Jewish Guild

paragraph: 1982: (Posthumous): A golden Medal of Honour, Erepenning vir Volksdiens by the FAK

paragraph: 1982: (Posthumous): Honorary Medal for the Promotion of Music, by the Suid-Afrikaanse Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns

paragraph: Section::::South African composers whose works were conducted by Anton Hartman.

paragraph: W.H. Bell, Richard Cherry, Pieter de Villiers, Hubert du Plessis, David Earl, Gideon Fagan, Johannes Fagan, Blanche Gerstman, Stefans Grové, John Joubert, Pierre Malan, P.R. Kirby, Peter Klatzow, P.J. Lemmer, Rosa Nepgen, Graham Newcater, Stephen O’Reilly, Charles Oxtoby, Priaulx Rainier, Hans Roosenschoon, Henk Temmingh, Roelof Temmingh, Arnold van Wyk, Arthur Wegelin, Theo Wendt.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bender, A. [Sa]. Note van herinnering. [Sl]: Watermark printers.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dommisse, H. 2001. Long Journey of the heart. Pretoria LAPA.

paragraph: BULLET::::- FAK (www.fak.org.za). Accessed 2 April 2014.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hartman, A.C. 1950. Austria diaries [Sl:sn].

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hartman, A.C. 1951. Austria diaries [Sl:sn].

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hartman, A.C. 1952. Johannesburg diary [Sl:sn].

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hartman, A.C. 1979–80. America diary [Sl:sn].

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hartman, B. de W. 1985. Dis my storie. [Sl:sn].

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hartman, B. de W. [Sa]. Jeugjare. Pretoria [Sl:sn].

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anton Hartman reminisces with musical tour organiser, musicologist and friend Hans Adler.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Suid-Afrikaanse Akademie vir Wetenskap en Kuns (www.akademie.co.za). Accessed 2 April 2014.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Theunissen M (ed). 1996. The voice, the vision. A sixty-year history of the South African Broadcasting Corporation. Johannesburg: Advent Graphics.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Voortrekkers (https://www.houkoers.co.za). Accessed 2 April 2014.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Walton, Chris 2004. Bond of broeders: Anton Hartman and music in an apartheid state. In: Musical Times Summer 2004 Vol. 145 Number 1887. Musical Times: Middlesex.

description: South African conductor

wikidata_label: Anton Hartman

wikipedia_title: Anton Hartman


text:
Roger Mortimer
Marcher lord
Maud de Braose, Baroness Mortimer
Plantagenet dynasty
Tedstone Wafer
Gruffydd II
Powys Fadog
Madog II
Gruffydd Fychan I
King Edward Longshanks
Swydd y Waun
Roger
Perfeddwlad
treaty of Aberconwy
Chirk Castle
James of St George
Beaumaris Castle
Battle of Falkirk
William Wallace
Isabella of France
Piers Gaveston
favourite
Gruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn
Hawise
Salic law
Thomas of Lancaster
Stirling Castle
Berwick
John de Charlton
Battle of Evesham
Hugh Despenser the Elder
Hugh Despenser the Younger
Edward II
Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March
Isabella of France
Tower of London
Chirk Castle
Maurice Druon
historical novel
Les Rois maudits
Samson Fainsilber
French miniseries adaptation

categories: People knighted at the Feast of the Swans,Barons in the Peerage of England,13th-century English people,Year of birth uncertain,1326 deaths,14th-century English people,Prisoners in the Tower of London

paragraph: Roger Mortimer de Chirk

paragraph: Section::::Background and early service.

paragraph: Roger was the third son of Roger Mortimer, a powerful Marcher lord in the Welsh border territories, and Maud de Braose, Baroness Mortimer who was also an important Marcher landowner in her own right. The family were from the second rank of "parvenu" nobility elevated by the king as a reward for fierce loyalty to the Plantagenet dynasty. But he was said to be a lecherous and violent man.

paragraph: He married Lucy de la Wafre, the daughter of Sir Robert la Wavre Lord of Hampton Wafer, Herefordshire, by whom he had one legitimate son, also named Roger. Presumably they were married by 8 June 1286, when Roger de Mortimer presented at the manor of Tedstone Wafer.

paragraph: In 1269, Gruffydd II, prince of Powys Fadog, died, and his lands were divided between his four sons. In 1277, the eldest son, Madog II, died; his two young brothers, Llywelyn and Owain, were still children, leaving them, and their lands, at the mercy of his eldest brother Gruffydd Fychan I. Mortimer was appointed by King Edward Longshanks to be the guardian of Owain and Llywelyn, but four years later their bodies washed up in the River Dee; Mortimer was accused of their murder. Mortimer, guilty or not, was granted their lands - the Cantref of "Swydd y Waun". It is possible that Mortimer had needed the lands to raise his nephew, Roger, as his guardian.

paragraph: In 1282, the ruling princes of Gwynedd attacked lands in the Perfeddwlad granted to King Edward under the treaty of Aberconwy. Consequently, the Welsh wars broke out, and Mortimer, a professional soldier, was a Captain in the victorious royal army. At some point, probably after 1295, he began work on Chirk Castle, possibly designed by James of St George, the architect of Beaumaris Castle, but the castle remained unfinished at the time of his death..

paragraph: Mortimer fought at the Battle of Falkirk in 1298 when William Wallace was finally defeated. On 6 February he was created Lord of Chirk. The Mortimers supported the King's policy in Scotland and on the Marches. Chirk pledged allegiance to Edward II, and was with the young King when he went to negotiate his marriage with Isabella of France. They arrived at Dover on 19 January 1308, and Mortimer left Edward to cross the channel. On 22 May 1306, Mortimer was knighted at Westminster during Whitsuntide, thus his title made him of a suitable rank as an escort to the king.

paragraph: The Mortimers acquired huge estates taking ruthless control of Welsh strongholds. Roger was also granted the constableships of Blaenyllfori and Dinas in north Wales. Such was his power he was effectively a surrogate prince of Wales. Anticipating the nobles conflict with Piers Gaveston, Chirk avoided confrontation when the favourite was appointed Regent of England in the king's absence abroad.

paragraph: Section::::Feud with Griffith de la Pole.

paragraph: Mortimer prepared to attack Griffith de la Pole (anglicized from the Welsh, Gruffydd). The Welshman was from the line of Gruffydd ap Gwenwynwyn, ruler of Powys throughout the thirteenth century. His heir had died as a Royal Ward, leaving only a daughter, Hawise, who was married to Thomas de Charlton. Griffith was her uncle, and under ancient Salic laws the inheritance was said to be shared amongst men only. Griffith attacked John de Charlton in Welshpool Castle aiming to recover his property; whilst the king ignored pleas for a legal settlement. Griffith sought the help of Thomas of Lancaster, recently married to the Lincoln heiress Alice de Lacy.

paragraph: Chirk was ordered by the king to break the siege, but de la Pole refused royal arbitration. John de Cromwell, the Royal Steward, was sent to pacify Griffith, but he refused any help. Abandoned by Lancaster, Griffith found another supporter in the Earl of Arundel, a marcher lord. This act was treason. At last Chirk broke the castle's resistance and took Griffith prisoner. Lancaster seeing his allies wilting, had a furious row with Chirk at the subsequent Commission of Inquiry in Westminster. Lancaster swore the Mortimers everlasting enmity; the debacle causing the ultimate destruction of both Chirk and Lancaster. Gaveston's death only months later left the Mortimers defending their estates from the Lancastrians.

paragraph: Section::::Chirk's role at Bannockburn.

paragraph: In March 1314 the King ordered Chirk to find 3,000 Welshmen for a Scottish campaign. They left the Marches on 27 May, and went north. The army mustered at Wark Castle, and then Berwick to converge on Stirling Castle. The larger force had set out from Berwick on 17 June, and reached Edinburgh three days later. That Saturday they left Edinburgh marching into the highlands towards Stirling. The next day, Sunday 23 June the lead knights spotted Stirling. One account says they were ambushed in New Park. During the fateful battle on Monday 24 June, Chirk was probably with King Edward's household guard. They rallied around the King amongst 500 knights when all seemed lost. Chirk may have been in the rearguard action led by the Earl of Pembroke, as King Edward fled into the castle.

paragraph: Chirk had been associated with the Royal Bodyguard since the siege of Caerlaverock in 1300. The heroic knights at Bannockburn, Sir Paine Tibetot, and Sir Giles d'Argentein were part of the same group. Ian Mortimer suggests the fifty-four-year-old Chirk acted as an adviser to the Welsh archers.

paragraph: Section::::York Parliament 1314.

paragraph: Mortimer, Chirk and their friends were in the ascendant at court, confirmed by Parliament at York in November 1314. Their association with Pembroke and Arundel identified the marcher lords with a 'middle party'. This was an attempt to make a genuine baronial party as an alternative to the Despensers hold over government. John de Charlton was made Chamberlain, and Archbishop of York William Melton became Keeper of the Wardrobe. However the Mortimers made a powerful enemy in the Younger Despenser who vowed to avenge Mortimer's grandfather killing his grandfather at the Battle of Evesham, 1265.

paragraph: Section::::Revolt of Llewelyn Bren.

paragraph: On 28 January 1316, the Sheriff of Glamorgan and his men holding court outside the walls of Caerphilly Castle were attacked by a gang of Welshmen led by Llewelyn Bren. He had declared war on the maladministration of Payn de Turberville, a new royal appointee. Years of famine and punitive taxation led Llewelyn to desperate measures in defence of his people. The Earl of Hereford and the Mortimers were ordered to raise men to crush the rebellion. A royal army of 2,150 marched north from Bristol to relieve Caerphilly, and Llewelyn surrendered at the head of the valleys. Just prior to this event Chirk attended his nephew Edmund's wedding at Ernwood, near Kinlet, to Elizabeth Badlesmere, daughter of Lord Badlesmere. It is possible that Chirk was present at the siege of Bristol on 26 July 1316.

paragraph: Section::::Justiciar of Wales.

paragraph: The disturbances in Wales caused the Lancastrians to have Chirk removed from office in January 1315. But when the Principality returned to peace, Chirk was re-appointed to post of Justiciar of North Wales in October 1316.

paragraph: By the 1320s, Chirk was the leading member of the family and in fierce competition with the Despensers, a rival Marcher family headed by Hugh Despenser the Elder and his son Hugh Despenser the Younger, the royal favourite and rumored lover of Edward II. They seized the lordship of Gower and many others in a brazen land grabbing war.

paragraph: Section::::The Despenser war.

paragraph: With the Despensers in exile, Queen Isabella was eager to assist the King. She led an army with Earl of Arundel to besiege Baron Badlesmere, a crony of Lancaster's in Leeds Castle, Kent. This was settled in October with the surrender of Badlesmere.

paragraph: On 8 December 1321, the King arrived in Cirencester. Moving up the Severn valley from Gloucester, he was joined by the recalled Despensers. They crossed the river at Shrewsbury. Seeing the situation was hopeless, the Mortimers surrendered in January 1322. Others like Roger Damory fled north to join Lancaster. Chirk and his nephew were sent to the Tower; their henchmen to Wallingford Castle. Ian Mortimer disagrees with Paul Doherty's thesis that Chirk was mortally wounded, suggesting that Chirk lived on another three years.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Outnumbered, Roger Mortimer of Chirk and his nephew, Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, later the lover and ally of Isabella of France, negotiated a surrender, thereby avoiding instant execution. They were sent to the Tower of London where they were kept in poor conditions. Lord Chirk died in the Tower, apparently of injuries sustained during the war, on 3 August 1326. He was buried in St Augustine's Priory, Bristol.

paragraph: His nephew, Roger Mortimer, managed to escape the Tower and fled to France, from where he ultimately joined Isabella in successful rebellion against Edward II in 1326. Roger Mortimer of Wigmore eventually completed Chirk Castle before his death in 1330.

paragraph: Section::::In fiction.

paragraph: Roger Mortimer of Chirk is a supporting character in "La Louve de France" ("The She-Wolf of France"), a novel in Maurice Druon's series of French historical novels "Les Rois maudits" ("The Accursed Kings"). He was portrayed by Samson Fainsilber in the 1972 French miniseries adaptation of the series.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Doherty, Paul, "Isabella and the Strange Death of Edward II." London: Robinson, 2003.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Morris, J.E., "The Welsh Wars of Edward I" Oxford, 1901.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pettifer, Adrian, "Welsh Castles: a Guide by Counties." Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 2000.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pratt, Derek, "The Marcher lordship of Chirk, 1329-1330", "Trans of Denbighshire Hist Soc., XXXIX, 1990"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prestwich, W, "The Three Edwards: War and State in England, 1265-1377", London, 2003.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prestwich, M, "Plantagenet England, 1215-1377", London, 2005.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Weir, A, "Isabella, she-wolf of France, Queen of England", London: Jonathan Cape, 2005.

description: English Marcher lord

wikidata_label: Roger Mortimer de Chirk

wikipedia_title: Roger Mortimer de Chirk


text:
Viceroy of Kush
Amenhotep III
Amun
Kush
Nubians
Tutankhamen
Sandal-bearer
TT383
Qurnet Murai
Thebes
Upper Egypt
British Museum
Boston Museum of Fine Arts
Vassar College

paragraph: Merymose

paragraph: Merymose, also Mermose or Merimes, was a Viceroy of Kush under Amenhotep III. He served for almost the entire four decades of that reign.

paragraph: His titles included: King's son (of Kush), Overseer of the Southern Lands, Overseer of the Gold Lands of Amun, King's Scribe, Overseer of the King's Scribes, Overseer of the Treasury, and Steward of the Peasantry (?)

paragraph: Merymose likely accompanied Amenhotep III in year 5 on his campaign against Kush. It is possible that at a later time Merymose led a campaign against the people of an area called Ibhet. The people of Ibhet had resisted Egyptian domination and may have even attacked some Egyptian interests. Merymose led an attack against the Nubians. He killed 312 Nubians and captured 740 prisoners.

paragraph: Section::::People associated with Merymose.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Amenemopet, “Scribe of the letters of the king's son". Amenemopet continued to serve under the next Viceroy, and by the reign of Tutankhamen he had become an "adjudant of Kush".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Huy (or Huwy), “Scribe of the letters of the king's son". Huy may be identical to the Viceroy of the same name under Tutankhamen.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nakhtu, “Servant of the King’s Son”

paragraph: BULLET::::- Amenemwia, “Sandal-bearer of the King's Son of Kush Merymose.” Known from a stela.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Penmiam, scribe, shown on a stela appearing before a seated Merymose.

paragraph: Section::::Burial.

paragraph: Merymose was buried in TT383 in Qurnet Murai (Thebes).

paragraph: Merymose was buried in three anthropoid sarcophagi. The stone for these sarcophagi comes from either Upper Egypt or from Kush. The fragments are spread over several different locations: the British Museum, the Boston Museum of Fine Arts and Vassar College.

description: viceroy of Kush

wikidata_label: Merymose

wikipedia_title: Merymose


text:
Neoclassic style
Paris
Julien-David Le Roy
Pierre Contant d'Ivry
Prix de Rome
Charles-Louis Clérisseau
Robert Adam
Louis XV
Louis XVI
Walters Art Museum
Monsieur, the comte d'Artois
party pavilion
Château de Bagatelle
Bois de Boulogne
Folie Saint James
French landscape garden
Neuilly
Revolution
Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart
Bourse de commerce
hôtels particuliers
Jean-Joseph de Laborde
Place Vendôme
Anne Victoire Dervieux
Joseph-Jacques Ramée
Pierre Gouthière

wikipedia_title:
Neoclassicism
Paris
Julien-David Le Roy
Pierre Contant d'Ivry
Prix de Rome
Charles-Louis Clérisseau
Robert Adam
Louis XV of France
Louis XVI of France
Walters Art Museum
Louis XVIII of France
Pavilion
Château de Bagatelle
Bois de Boulogne
Folie Saint James
French landscape garden
Neuilly
French Revolution
Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart
Bourse de commerce (Paris)
Hôtel particulier
Jean-Joseph de Laborde
Place Vendôme
Anne Victoire Dervieux
Joseph-Jacques Ramée
Pierre Gouthière

categories: 18th-century French architects,1818 deaths,Architects from Paris,French landscape architects,19th-century French architects,Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery,1744 births

paragraph: François-Joseph Bélanger

paragraph: François-Joseph Bélanger () (12 April 1744 – 1 May 1818) was a French architect and decorator working in the Neoclassic style.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Born in Paris, he studied at the Académie Royale d'Architecture (1764–1766) where he worked under Julien-David Le Roy and Pierre Contant d'Ivry, but did not win the coveted Prix de Rome that would have sent him to study at Rome; however, through Le Roy's circle he was introduced to some advanced neoclassical designers, such as Charles-Louis Clérisseau, Robert Adam's drawing-master, recently arrived from Rome, and was admitted to the Académie at the age of twenty. He began his career in 1767 working at the Menus Plaisirs du Roi designing ephemeral decorations for court fêtes, and by 1777 he was its director. In this position, he was in charge of the funeral preparations for Louis XV and the coronation coach of Louis XVI. The jewel cabinet he designed for the wedding of the Dauphin to Marie-Antoinette has not survived. However, a "maquette" of another design that had been also entered into the competition, made of wax and painted paper on a wooden frame, (now at the Walters Art Museum, Baltimore), shows the style of the cabinets that were made at the time. It is Neoclassical taste, with caryatid demi-figures and framed medallions in blue and white

paragraph: Ten years later he purchased the position of chief architect to Monsieur, the comte d'Artois, brother of Louis XVI, tnanks to the protection of the marquis de Voyer, Marc-René de Voyer d'Argenson, famous patron of that time. For him Bélanger designed and constructed the party pavilion Château de Bagatelle in the Bois de Boulogne, 1777, winning his patron's bet with the Queen by completing the house in sixty-three days (and nights) and introducing décors in the "style Étrusque". Bélanger constructed the Folie Saint James, a French landscape garden, in Neuilly from 1777 to 1780, and worked for the comte d'Artois at the Château of Maisons-Lafitte. During the Revolution he spent some time in the prison of Saint-Lazare.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:The Bourse.

paragraph: In 1813, at the death of Alexandre-Théodore Brongniart he presented himself successfully as candidate for completing the Paris Bourse. From 1808 to 1813 he rebuilt the cupola of the "Halle au blé", the former grain market that is the present "Bourse de commerce" of Paris. This was among the earliest uses of iron to enclose a long-span interior space.

paragraph: Bélanger designed and constructed numerous hôtels particuliers for Parisian aristocrats and bankers. He designed the Château de Méréville for Jean-Joseph de Laborde, 1784–86. He designed interiors for the Hôtel Baudart de Saint-James, 12 Place Vendôme, and influenced garden designs of the epoch.

paragraph: He supervised the workshop supported by the connoisseur Louis-Marie-Augustin, duc d'Aumont, that produced hardstone and porphyry vases, pedestals, and tabletops, which were mounted with gilt-bronze ornaments to his designs. The late duc d'Aumont's collection was dispersed at auction, 1782: among the purchasers was the Queen.

paragraph: He died at Paris in 1818. He was married to Anne Victoire Dervieux. Among the architects trained in his "atelier" was Joseph-Jacques Ramée.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- F.J.B. Watson, "Louis XVI Furniture" 1960.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean Stern, "A l'ombre de Sophie Arnould. François-Joseph Belanger, architecte des Menus Plaisirs, premier architecte du comte d'Artois." (Paris: Plon) 1930

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gabrielle Joudiou, "La folie de M. de Sainte-James : une demeure, un jardin pittoresque" (Neuilly-sur-Seine : Editions Spiralinthe) 2001

paragraph: BULLET::::- Martine Constans and Béatrice de Andia, "Bagatelle dans ses jardins" (Paris) 1997

paragraph: BULLET::::- Getty Museum: Pair of gilt-bronze wall-lights attributed to Bélanger, executed by Pierre Gouthière

paragraph: BULLET::::- philippe.cachau.fr

alias:
François Joseph Bellanger
François Joseph Belanger
François Joseph Bélanger
Francois-Joseph Bellanger
François-Joseph Belanger
Francois Joseph Bellanger
François-Joseph Bellanger
Francois-Joseph Belanger
Francois Joseph Belanger

description: French architect

wikidata_label: François-Joseph Bélanger

wikipedia_title: François-Joseph Bélanger


text:
PC
Terrebonne, Quebec
mayor of Montreal
Canadian cabinet
National Bank of Canada
riding
Hochelaga
House of Commons
Minister of Militia and Defence
Mackenzie Bowell
Tupper
senator
Order of Pius IX

categories: 1841 births,People from Terrebonne, Quebec,Mayors of Montreal,1912 deaths,Canadian senators from Quebec,Members of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada,Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942) MPs,Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Quebec,Knights of Pius IX,Lawyers in Quebec,Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942) senators

paragraph: Alphonse Desjardins (politician)

paragraph: Alphonse Desjardins, PC (6 May 1841 – 4 June 1912) was born in Terrebonne, Quebec and was mayor of Montreal from 1893 to 1894 and later a Canadian cabinet minister. He married Virginie Paré in 1864 and remarried Hortense Barsalou in 1880.

paragraph: He was a lawyer, journalist, businessman and politician. He owned a tile factory and participated in the founding of the Banque Jacques-Cartier, which later became part of the National Bank of Canada. He represented the riding of Hochelaga in the House of Commons for 18 years, serving as a cabinet minister and Minister of Militia and Defence for a few months at the end of the Mackenzie Bowell government and then the short-lived Tupper government in 1896. He was named a senator in 1892. He became mayor of Montreal from 1893–1894. For a time he held all three posts (member of the House of Commons, Senator, mayor) simultaneously.

paragraph: In 1872, he was created a Knight of the Order of Pius IX in acknowledgment of his services to the Catholic Church.

description: former mayor of Montreal, Quebec

wikidata_label: Alphonse Desjardins

wikipedia_title: Alphonse Desjardins (politician)


text:
racing driver
Switzerland
Formula One
speedboat
sports car racing
hillclimbing
Porsche
Brussels Grand Prix
1962 Pau Grand Prix
Ecurie Filipinetti
Napoli Grand Prix
Ecurie Maarsbergen
1962 Belgian Grand Prix
Grosser Preis der Solitude
Lotus 24
1962 German Grand Prix
Mediterranean Grand Prix
1964 24 Hours of Le Mans
Gerhard Koch

categories: Scuderia Filipinetti Formula One drivers,24 Hours of Le Mans drivers,1930 births,Swiss Formula One drivers,2007 deaths,Swiss racing drivers

paragraph: Heinz Schiller

paragraph: Heinz Schiller (Frauenfeld, Switzeland, January 25, 1930 – Montana, Switzeland, March 26, 2007), was a racing driver from Switzerland. He participated in one Formula One World Championship Grand Prix, on August 5, 1962. He retired from the race, scoring no championship points.

paragraph: Schiller was a speedboat champion in his native Switzerland before turning to sports car racing, finding success during the mid-1950s. He then switched to single seater cars, starting in hillclimbing before moving up to circuit racing.

paragraph: He first appeared in Formula One at the beginning of 1962 with Ecurie Nationale Suisse, driving their three-year-old Porsche in the Brussels Grand Prix, where he finished 8th on aggregate after the three heats. He subsequently drove the same car at the 1962 Pau Grand Prix, coming home 9th.

paragraph: Under the Ecurie Filipinetti banner but still driving the same Porsche, Schiller failed to qualify at the Napoli Grand Prix, largely because only 10 cars were permitted to take the start. He was entered by Ecurie Maarsbergen for the 1962 Belgian Grand Prix but was withdrawn, before finishing 7th in the Grosser Preis der Solitude for Ecurie Filipinetti. He then switched to a Lotus 24 for his single World Championship event, the 1962 German Grand Prix which ended with oil pressure problems, as did his attempt at the Mediterranean Grand Prix, now back in the Porsche.

paragraph: Schiller made one appearance in Formula One in 1963, finishing 3rd at Pau but five laps down, again in the old Porsche, before returning to sports cars. He finished 10th at the 1964 24 Hours of Le Mans with Gerhard Koch.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Grand Prix Who's Who", Steve Small, 1995.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Formula One Record Book", John Thompson, 1974.

description: racecar driver

wikidata_label: Heinz Schiller

wikipedia_title: Heinz Schiller


text:
LL.D.
Austrian
racing driver
Red Bull GmbH
Formula One
Graz
Jochen Rindt
Formula One
endurance racing
1971 24 Hours of Le Mans
Martini
Porsche 917
Gijs van Lennep
2010 24 Hours of Le Mans
Targa Florio
Alfa Romeo 33
1972 French Grand Prix
Clermont-Ferrand
Emerson Fittipaldi
Lotus
Graz
Gerhard Berger
Karl Wendlinger
Formula 3
Formula 3000
Red Bull Junior Team
Red Bull
Sebastian Vettel
Daniel Ricciardo
Max Verstappen
Profile at grandprix.com

categories: 1943 births,Red Bull Racing,Austrian racing drivers,European Formula Two Championship drivers,BRM Formula One drivers,Sportspeople from Graz,Ecurie Bonnier Formula One drivers,24 Hours of Le Mans drivers,Austrian Formula One drivers,24 Hours of Le Mans winning drivers,Living people

paragraph: Helmut Marko

paragraph: Helmut Marko LL.D., (born 27 April 1943) is an Austrian former professional racing driver and current advisor to the Red Bull GmbH Formula One Teams and head of Red Bull's driver development program.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born in Graz, Austria, Marko was a school friend of Jochen Rindt, who was to become Formula One world champion in 1970. Marko competed in several race series, including 10 Formula One Grands Prix in 1971 and 1972, but scored no World Championship points.

paragraph: He had more success in endurance racing, winning the 1971 24 Hours of Le Mans, driving a Martini-Porsche 917K with Gijs van Lennep. During that year, they set a distance record which remained unbeaten until the 2010 24 Hours of Le Mans (5,335.313 km, at an average of 222.304 km/h). (Changes to the track reduced the average speed.)

paragraph: At the Targa Florio, he drove the fastest laps around the 72 km Sicilian mountain circuit in the 1972 race, catching up over two minutes on the leader within two laps to finish second by a mere 17 seconds. His fastest lap in the Alfa Romeo 33 was 33 min 41 sec, at an average of 128.253 km/h.

paragraph: A few weeks later on 2 July, during the 1972 French Grand Prix at Clermont-Ferrand, a stone thrown up by Emerson Fittipaldi's Lotus pierced Marko's helmet visor, permanently blinding his left eye and ending his racing career.

paragraph: Marko became a doctor of law in 1967. He owns two hotels in Graz – the "Schlossberghotel" and "Augartenhotel". He was manager for Austrian racing drivers Gerhard Berger and Karl Wendlinger for some years before setting up and running RSM Marko in 1989, a race team competing in Formula 3 and Formula 3000; running under the name Red Bull Junior Team from 1999 onwards. From 1999 he has also overseen the Red Bull driver development programme, which has steered drivers such as Sebastian Vettel, Daniel Ricciardo and Max Verstappen into Formula One. Since 2005 he has been advisor to the Red Bull Racing Formula One team.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile at grandprix.com

description: racecar driver

wikidata_label: Helmut Marko

wikipedia_title: Helmut Marko


text: East London

text: South Africa

text: racing driver

text: Formula One

text: Jody Scheckter

text: Tomas Scheckter

text: South African Grand Prix

text: Lotus

text: following year

text: Tyrrell

text: Williams

text: Dave Charlton

text: John Love

text: March

text: 1977 Japanese Grand Prix

text: apartheid

text: List of select Jewish racing drivers

categories: March Formula One drivers,South African Jews,South African people of British-Jewish descent,Alumni of Selborne College,1947 births,South African racing drivers,Hesketh Formula One drivers,South African Formula One drivers,Team Gunston Formula One drivers,Living people

paragraph: Ian Scheckter

paragraph: Ian Scheckter (born 22 August 1947 in East London, South Africa) is a former racing driver. He participated in 20 Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on 30 March 1974. He scored no championship points.

paragraph: The elder brother of 1979 Formula One champion Jody Scheckter and uncle of IRL racer Tomas Scheckter, his first F1 races were in the South African Grand Prix, first driving a Lotus 72 for locals Team Gunston in 1974. The following year and also in 1976, he drove a Tyrrell 007 for Lexington Racing, either side of a couple of European outings for Williams.

paragraph: In domestic racing Scheckter came close to ending the run of Dave Charlton of titles in the South African National Drivers Championship in 1975, but in his two spells as a full-time competitor dominated the championship winning 49 races and equalling John Love and Charlton's tally of 6 championships.

paragraph: Securing enough funds for a full season with the March works F1 team in 1977, he turned in some poor performances, aided in great part by the fact that in some races team March had up to five drivers signed, lacking resources to provide adequately for them all. This situation spelled the end of his F1 career. Scheckter's final grand prix would have been the 1977 Japanese Grand Prix but he was detained and then expelled from Japan due to only having a tourist visa in his South African passport and Japanese objections to the South African apartheid regime.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of select Jewish racing drivers

description: South African racecar driver

wikidata_label: Ian Scheckter

wikipedia_title: Ian Scheckter


text:
Leclanché cell
batteries
dry cell
Victor Hugo
United Kingdom
England
École Centrale des Arts et Manufactures
Second Empire
Brussels
Belgium
copper carbonate
zinc
reducing agent
manganese oxide
oxidizing agent
Napoléon III
throat cancer
Leclanché cell
batteries
dry cell
electrolyte
ammonium chloride
zinc
manganese dioxide
zinc-carbon battery
starch
Leclanché
Yverdon
Switzerland
Willstätt
Baden-Württemberg
Germany
Rue Georges Leclanché
Alkaline cell
Leclanché cell
Leclanché company
Carl Gassner
plaster
gel

categories: French electrical engineers,1882 deaths,Battery inventors,People from Parmain,1839 births,École Centrale Paris alumni,People of the Industrial Revolution

paragraph: Georges Leclanché

paragraph: Georges Leclanché (; October 9, 1839 – September 14, 1882) was a French electrical engineer chiefly remembered for his invention of the Leclanché cell, one of the first modern electrical batteries and the forerunner of the modern dry cell battery.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Leclanché was born in 1839 in Parmain (Seine-et-Oise), France, the son of Léopold Leclanché and Eugenie of Villeneuve. Due to the political situation in France, and because his father was a former minister, his parents, also friends of the writer Victor Hugo, decided to take the way of exile in the United Kingdom. He was thus educated in England but completed his education at École Centrale des Arts et Manufactures (École Centrale Paris), one of the top engineering schools in France, graduating in 1860 to begin work as an engineer. He first worked for a French railways company (Compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Est) where he was in charge of communication infrastructures related to the electrical transmission of time. His interest for the development of efficient electrical cells arose from the problems affecting the existing generation of cells used at this time in the railways. Because of the political situation of the Second Empire in France, he emigrated in Brussels in Belgium where he built a small laboratory. It is there that he developed a first cell based on copper carbonate and then his electrical cell based on zinc (reducing agent) and manganese oxide (oxidizing agent). His invention was rapidly adopted by the Belgian telegraph administration and the railways company of The Netherlands.

paragraph: After the fall of Napoléon III, he came back in France in Paris where he became associated with Ernest Barbier to found the cells factory "Leclanché-Barbier". He was the main manufacturer of cells in France. Georges Leclanché died from a throat cancer on September 14, 1882 in Paris around the age of 43.

paragraph: After his death, his brother Maurice took over the business and his son Max also continued to improve and to commercialise his invention.

paragraph: Section::::Leclanché cell.

paragraph: In 1866 he invented the Leclanché cell, one of the first electrical batteries and the forerunner of the modern dry cell battery. It comprised a conducting solution (electrolyte) of ammonium chloride with a negative terminal of zinc (anode/oxidation) and a positive terminal of manganese dioxide (cathode/reduction).

paragraph: Leclanché's "wet cell" (as it was popularly called) was the forerunner to the world's first widely used battery, the zinc-carbon battery.

paragraph: In 1876, Leclanché jellifies the electrolyte of his cell by adding starch to the ammonium chloride, making so his cell more portable.

paragraph: Section::::Leclanché company.

paragraph: The Leclanché factory successfully developed until the beginning of the 20th century when it encountered the concurrence of many new producers such as the Wonder cells (founded in 1914). The enterprise changed several times of hands, was bought by the Fulmen battery company and finally by the CGE group.

paragraph: The name Leclanché is presently used by a company based in Yverdon in Switzerland and founded in 1909. In 2006, this company acquired the German society Bullith which became the "Leclanché Lithium GmbH", based today in Willstätt (Baden-Württemberg in Germany).

paragraph: Section::::Trivia.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rue Georges Leclanché, a street in [Paris]], is named after him

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alkaline cell, a variant of the Leclanché cell (NHCl replaced by KOH)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Leclanché cell

paragraph: BULLET::::- Leclanché company

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carl Gassner, who improved the dry cell in 1888 (use of a first plaster gel)

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Davis, Jack (1967). Georges-Lionel Leclanché. "Electrochemical Technology", 5, 487–490. http://www.worldcat.org/title/georges-lionel-leclanch-1838-1882-essay-1966/oclc/959013114

paragraph: BULLET::::- Heise, George W., and Cahoon, N. Corey, eds. (1971). "The Primary Battery", Vol. 1. New York, Wiley.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mertens, Joost (1999). The Theoretical Batteries of Georges Leclanché, "Archives Internationales d'Histoire des Sciences", 49, nr. 142 (June 1999), 75-102.

description: French electrical engineer

wikidata_label: Georges Leclanché

wikipedia_title: Georges Leclanché


text:
short track speed skater
2002 Winter Olympics
ISU
1000 m event
1500 m contest
Nathalie Lambert
Isabelle Charest
Annie Perreault
psychology
Brazil
Thunder Bay, Ontario
High Level, Alberta
English
acupuncture
day care
2006 Winter Olympics
Chicoutimi
Calgary
Olympic Oval
2010 Winter Olympics
Vancouver
2014 Winter Olympics

categories: Canadian female speed skaters,Olympic bronze medalists for Canada,French Quebecers,Olympic silver medalists for Canada,Canadian short track speed skaters,Female short track speed skaters,Olympic medalists in short track speed skating,World Short Track Speed Skating Championships medalists,Olympic short track speed skaters of Canada,Short track speed skaters at the 2014 Winter Olympics,Medalists at the 2002 Winter Olympics,Short track speed skaters at the 2002 Winter Olympics,Living people,Medalists at the 2014 Winter Olympics,1982 births

paragraph: Marie-Ève Drolet

paragraph: Marie-Ève Drolet (born February 3, 1982) is a Canadian short track speed skater who competed in the 2002 Winter Olympics where she won a bronze in the relay event. She also has six ISU World Championship medals to her name and was a two time overall World Junior Champion in 2000 and again in 2001.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In 2002, she was a member of the Canadian relay team which won the bronze medal in the 3000 metre relay competition. In the 1000 m event she finished fourth and in the 1500 m contest she finished sixth. Surprisingly to most of the public she announced her retirement after the 2002 Olympics. Though Drolet was seen as a successor to Nathalie Lambert, Isabelle Charest and Annie Perreault, she herself did not feel the same way. Instead she said that "I wanted to stop. I no longer wanted to be an athlete; I wanted to be a student. I was only 20, so I wanted to do other things. I wanted to travel, make new experiences."

paragraph: Drolet took a six-year hiatus that saw her complete a degree in psychology, with time spent in Brazil, Thunder Bay, Ontario, and High Level, Alberta, where she worked planting trees. During this time she spent more time learning English and acupuncture all while working at a day care. Though she watched the 2006 Winter Olympics with no regrets she stated that in 2008 the life of traveling and studies she had lived felt fulfilled and that she had achieved all that she wanted to in those aspects of life, again she wanted a new challenge which was a return to speed skating.

paragraph: This also came with new changes which as an adult meant she no longer trained and lived at home in Chicoutimi, instead she opted to move to Calgary and train and the Olympic Oval. Drolet also found that in her six-year absence the sport had change dramatically as well as the rules and strategy involved which was somewhat disconcerting to the former world junior champion. She said of her new sporting environment that "I was physically strong, but in terms of competing, I wasn’t, I was getting pushed around, it was too aggressive for me. I was not used to getting tossed around. So, I have had to learn to manage this and to remain physically strong when someone touched me. That was a huge change that I had to face in my first year back." All this meant that she failed to qualify for the 2010 Winter Olympics on home soil in Vancouver.

paragraph: The 2014 Winter Olympics though saw her qualify, despite an injury that meant she missed three World Cup events as well as the national qualifying races. On doing this Drolet said "When I was 20, I would have not realized it. I am proud of what I’ve accomplished, of having taken a detour, and in the end, it all turned out well. I’m happy that I was able to accomplish the challenge that I had given myself." The following season Drolet took the year off with the birth of her first child due in January 2015.

description: Short-track speed skater

wikidata_label: Marie-Eve Drolet

wikipedia_title: Marie-Ève Drolet


text:
Bishop
Lavant
Prince-Bishop of Wrocław
speaker
humanist
shoemaker
Swabia
Wemding
Bavaria
Rome
Lorenzo Valla
University of Padua
rector
doctorate
Italian
Enea Silvio
papal
chancery
Habsburg
Ladislaus the Posthumous
Frederick III
Sankt Georgen
Austria
cathedral
Passau
chapter
Wrocław
Pope Paul II
Inner Austria
Rudolf of Rüdesheim
Venice
Hungarian
Matthias Corvinus
George of Poděbrady
Bohemian–Hungarian
coadjutor
Duchies of Silesia
assassination
Bishop
Silesia
Piast
diocesan
synod
missal
breviary
liturgical
song books
Johann V Thurzo
Nysa
Wrocław Cathedral
epitaph
Peter Vischer the Elder

categories: Prince-Bishops of Breslau,15th-century Roman Catholic bishops,1426 births

paragraph: Johann IV Roth

paragraph: Johann Roth (; 30 November 1426 – 21 January 1506) was Bishop of Lavant from 1468 to 1482 and Prince-Bishop of Wrocław (Breslau) from 1482 until his death. He was known as a brilliant speaker, humanist and supporter of the arts and learning.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: The son of the shoemaker Seyfried Roth, John was born in the Swabian town of Wemding (in present-day Bavaria). A gifted young man, John studied in Rome with Lorenzo Valla, and then in 1459 at the University of Padua, where he served as rector of the law school and in 1460 earned a doctorate. He befriended Italian humanists including Enea Silvio and held an office in the papal chancery. Johann already served as a secretary of the Habsburg king Ladislaus the Posthumous until his early death in 1457 and then worked in the chancery of Emperor Frederick III who ennobled him in 1464.

paragraph: In 1460 he served as a priest in Sankt Georgen, Austria, in 1464 he was dean of the cathedral in Passau and in 1466 he was made dean of the chapter of Wrocław. In 1468 he accompanied Emperor Frederick proceeding to the papal court of Pope Paul II and was appointed Bishop of Lavant in Inner Austria, succeeding Rudolf of Rüdesheim who was elected Prince-Bishop of Wrocław.

paragraph: John served as an emissary to Rome, to Venice, and most notably to the Hungarian king Matthias Corvinus rivalling with George of Poděbrady in the Bohemian–Hungarian. In 1482 he was appointed coadjutor in Wrocław and upon Rudolf's death succeeded him as Prince-Bishop, elected under pressure from King Matthias. He also served as governor of the Bohemian Duchies of Silesia from 1490 to 1497. In 1497 he held a synod and latter was subject of an attempted assassination

paragraph: As Bishop Johann constantly conflicted with his cathedral chapter as well as with the Silesian estates and the Piast dukes. Nevertheless he held three diocesan synods, and arranged for the printing of missals, breviary, liturgical and song books. He also amassed a considerable collection of books, of which, however, few remains are left. He was also skilled in finance and administration redeeming several mortgaged estates and castles for the diocese. In 1502 he appointed Johann V Thurzo coadjutor.

paragraph: John IV Roth died in 1506 in his episcopal residence at Nysa (Neisse) and was buried in Wrocław Cathedral. His epitaph is one of the most significant works by Peter Vischer the Elder.

description: Roman Catholic bishop

wikidata_label: Johann IV Roth

wikipedia_title: Johann IV Roth


text:
Bishop of Wrocław
Luther
János Thurzó
protestant
Hungarian
nobleman
Thurzó family
Kraków
Canon law
Dean
Wroclaw
Bishop of Wrocław
Bishop of Olomouc
patron
Albrecht Dürer
Lucas Cranach
University of Wittenberg

categories: 15th-century births,15th-century Roman Catholic bishops,Thurzó family,Prince-Bishops of Breslau,1520 deaths

paragraph: Johann V Thurzo

paragraph: John V Thurzó (; ) was a 15th-century Bishop of Wrocław, Poland. A great patron and lover of the arts and Sciences, Luther called him "the greatest bishop of the century".

paragraph: John was the son of János Thurzó a protestant Hungarian nobleman of the Thurzó family and Mayor of Kraków, and his first wife, Ursula Bem. John gained a Bachelor of Arts in 1484 and a master's degree in 1487, and then studied Canon law in Italy.

paragraph: He was Dean of Wroclaw Cathedral from March 1502 and Bishop of Wrocław from 1506 to 1520, while his brother Stanisław was Bishop of Olomouc. As Bishop John was patron of artists, including Albrecht Dürer and Lucas Cranach, and poets. He corresponded with Martin Luther on matters of theology and was involved in the founding of University of Wittenberg.

description: Polish bishop

wikidata_label: Johann V Thurzo

wikipedia_title: Johann V Thurzo


text:
mezzotint
hosier
Samuel Dixon
Robert West
Incorporated Society of Artists
John Wilkes
William Wynne Ryland
Ranelagh Gardens
Kensington
William Carmichael
Nicholas Taaffe, 6th Viscount Taaffe
Robert Hunter
David Garrick
Nathaniel Dance-Holland
John Chaloner Smith
Sir Joshua Reynolds
The Alchemist
John Palmer
Zoffany
Thomas Hudson
William, Earl of Ancrum
Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch
Joshua Kirby
Thomas Gainsborough
Royal Exchange
Peter Falconet
William Beckford
Rembrandt
Frans Hals

paragraph: John Dixon (engraver)

paragraph: John Dixon (1740?–1811) was an Irish mezzotint engraver.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was born in Dublin about 1740. His father was Thomas Dixon, a hosier, of Cork Hill. His brother Samuel Dixon, was a watercolourist and printmaker. John Dixon received his art training in the Dublin Society's schools, of which Robert West was then master, and began life as an engraver of silver plate. He moved to London about 1765, and in the following year became a member of the Incorporated Society of Artists, with whom he exhibited until 1775.

paragraph: Dixon was, in politics, a follower of John Wilkes, and some of his portraits are of other Wilkites. His early publisher was William Wynne Ryland. A handsome man, he married in 1775 Ann, the widow of Nicholas Kempe, one of the owners of Ranelagh Gardens. After that he engraved only as recreation. He later moved to Kensington.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Dixon's portraits of William Carmichael after Ennis, and of Nicholas Taaffe, 6th Viscount Taaffe, after Robert Hunter, are thought to have been engraved before he left Ireland. Soon after his arrival in London he became known for his full-length portrait of David Garrick in the character of "Richard III" in the Shakespeare play, after Nathaniel Dance-Holland.

paragraph: Forty plates by Dixon were described by John Chaloner Smith in "British Mezzotinto Portraits". The major engravings are after the works of Sir Joshua Reynolds, and include:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Full-length portraits of Mary, duchess of Ancaster, and Mrs. Blake as "Juno";

paragraph: BULLET::::- William, duke of Leinster;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry, tenth earl of Pembroke,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elizabeth, countess of Pembroke, and her son;

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Misses Crewe,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Charles Townshend, chancellor of the exchequer;

paragraph: BULLET::::- William Robertson, D.D.;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nelly O'Brien; and

paragraph: BULLET::::- Miss Davidson.

paragraph: Besides these portraits, Dixon engraved:

paragraph: BULLET::::- A group of David Garrick as "Abel Drugger" in "The Alchemist", with William Burton and John Palmer as "Subtle" and "Face", after Zoffany;

paragraph: BULLET::::- A full-length of Garrick alone, from the same picture;

paragraph: BULLET::::- A half-length of Garrick, after Thomas Hudson;

paragraph: BULLET::::- William, Earl of Ancrum, full-length, after Gilpin and Cosway;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry Scott, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch, and Joshua Kirby, after Thomas Gainsborough;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rev. James Hervey, after J. Williams;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir William Browne, M.D., after Hudson;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Betty", who sold fruit near the Royal Exchange, after Peter Falconet; and

paragraph: BULLET::::- William Beckford, both full-length and three-quarter reversed, after a drawing by himself.

paragraph: Others works were:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Frame Maker", after Rembrandt;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Flute Player", after Frans Hals; and

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Arrest" and "The Oracle", after his own designs.

paragraph: Section::::Notes.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

description: Irish mezzotint engraver

wikidata_label: John Dixon

wikipedia_title: John Dixon (engraver)


text:
Modena
the Carracci
Piacenza
Parma
Sant'Antonino
Guercino

categories: 1596 births,Italian male painters,17th-century Italian painters,Year of death unknown,People from Modena

paragraph: Camillo Gavasetti

paragraph: Camillo Gavasetti (1596 – in or after 1630) was a native of Modena, who flourished about the year 1626. He studied under his father, Stefano Gavasetti, a miniature painter and gilder, but he rather followed the Carracci. His principal works are at Piacenza, where he is better known than at Parma or Modena. He was engaged with Piarini in painting Scriptural subjects. At the presbytery of the Church of Sant'Antonino at Piacenza, is a fresco representing a subject from the Apocalypse, which was esteemed by Guercino the finest work of art in that city. He died young in 1628.

alias:
Camillo Gavassetti
Camillo Gavassete
Camillo Gavassette

description: Italian painter

wikidata_label: Camillo Gavasetti

wikipedia_title: Camillo Gavasetti


text:
Bishop
Czech
Diocese of Olomouc
Catholic
Jan Thurzo
protestant
Hungarian
nobleman
Thurzó family
Mayor
Krakow
wife
Padua
theology
law
canon
Olomouc
humanist
patron
arts
science
protestant
his brother
Louis Jagiello
King of Bohemia
Ferdinand I.
Saint Wenceslas Cathedral
Olomouc

categories: Czech people of Hungarian descent,Bishops of Olomouc,15th-century Roman Catholic bishops,Thurzó family

paragraph: Stanislav I Thurzo

paragraph: Stanislav I Thurzo was a 15th-century Bishop of the Czech Diocese of Olomouc.

paragraph: Although a Catholic he was the son of Jan Thurzo a protestant Hungarian nobleman of the Thurzó family who was Mayor of Krakow, and his first wife, Ursula Boehm. He was educated at Padua in theology and law and was made canon in Olomouc.

paragraph: He was a humanist and patron of the arts and science, but also undertook radical moral reforms in his diocese, and persecution of protestant groups. He and his brother jointly crowned both Louis Jagiello, and King of Bohemia Ferdinand I.

paragraph: Stanislav died in the night 17 April 1540 and was buried in Saint Wenceslas Cathedral, Olomouc.

description: Bishop of Olomouc

wikidata_label: Stanislav I Thurzo

wikipedia_title: Stanislav I Thurzo


text: swing jazz trumpeter

text: Webster Groves, Missouri

text: New York City

text: Cecil Scott

text: Midwest

text: Fletcher Henderson

text: Fats Waller

text: Benny Carter

text: Joe Sullivan

text: Teddy Wilson

text: Claude Hopkins

text: Art Kane

text: A Great Day in Harlem

text: Vic Dickenson

text: Buck Clayton

text: How Hi the Fi

text: Jumpin' at the Woodside

text: Coleman Hawkins

text: Coleman Hawkins All Stars

text: Vic Dickenson

text: Claude Hopkins

text: Let's Jam

text: Buddy Tate

text: Al Sears

text: Things Ain't What They Used to Be

text: Rex Stewart

text: Henderson Homecoming

text: "Soulful Elegance: Joe Thomas, trumpet"

categories: Swing trumpeters,1984 deaths,American jazz trumpeters,Jazz musicians from Missouri,1909 births,20th-century American musicians,American male trumpeters,20th-century trumpeters,20th-century male musicians

paragraph: Joe Thomas (trumpeter)

paragraph: Joe Thomas (July 24, 1909 – August 6, 1984) was an American swing jazz trumpeter, who was born in Webster Groves, Missouri, and died in New York City, New York.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Thomas started his music career at the age of 19 with bandleader Cecil Scott in 1928, and played throughout the Midwest before moving to New York in 1934, where he became one of the most sought-after trumpeters of the 1930s and '40s. Those he worked with include Fletcher Henderson's Orchestra (1934–37), Fats Waller, Benny Carter (1939–40), Joe Sullivan and Teddy Wilson's Sextet (1942–43), Claude Hopkins and many others.

paragraph: He featured in Art Kane's iconic 1958 photograph A Great Day in Harlem.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mainstream" - with Vic Dickenson (Atlantic, 1958)

paragraph: With Buck Clayton

paragraph: BULLET::::- "How Hi the Fi" (Columbia, 1954)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jumpin' at the Woodside" (Columbia, 1955)

paragraph: With Coleman Hawkins

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Coleman Hawkins All Stars" (Swingville, 1960) with Vic Dickenson

paragraph: With Claude Hopkins

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Let's Jam" (Swingville, 1961) with Buddy Tate

paragraph: With Al Sears

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Things Ain't What They Used to Be" (Swingville, 1961) as part of the Prestige Swing Festival

paragraph: With Rex Stewart

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Henderson Homecoming" (United Artists, 1959)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Remembering Joe Thomas", Jazz Lives, June 11, 2009.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Soulful Elegance: Joe Thomas, trumpet", Jazz Lives, July 20, 2012.

description: trumpeter

wikidata_label: Joe Thomas

wikipedia_title: Joe Thomas (trumpeter)


text:
Gröbzig
Free State of Anhalt
Berlin
Deutsches Theater
Moscow
GDR
MAD
DEA
RWE
Sherlock Holmes
Christian Rode
Radio Tatort
MDR
Blaulicht
Polizeiruf 110: Blütenstaub
Das unsichtbare Visier
Gute Zeiten, schlechte Zeiten
Anja & Anton
Unser Charly
Blue Bloods – Crime Scene New York

categories: German male radio actors,People from Südliches Anhalt,German male voice actors,East German actors,1933 births,German male television actors,German male video game actors,2018 deaths,People from the Free State of Anhalt

paragraph: Peter Groeger

paragraph: Peter Groeger (1 June 1933 in Gröbzig, Free State of Anhalt – 16 January 2018 in Berlin) was a German actor, director, and voice actor.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Groeger grew up in Gröbzig. He was assistant director at Wolfgang Langhoff at the Deutsches Theater. After a study of direction in Moscow, he came to the radio broadcast of the GDR, where he was responsible for foreign radio plays as Head of International Radio Drama. Peter Groeger became well-known mainly through his numerous radio drama productions and as a voice actor of the bartender Quark (Armin Shimerman) in the science fiction series "".

paragraph: From 1973 to 1978, he was seen as MAD-man Roloff within the first 14 episodes of the TV series "Das unsichtbare Visier". In 1996, he served as Richard Graf # 2 look at "Good Times, Bad Times". From 1998 to 2002 he played the character of Dr. Iron Wire in several commercials for the fuel station chain DEA. From August 2009, he was again seen in this role, this time in similarly designed commercials for energy supplier RWE. From 1998 to 2007 he took over the role of the director Schwalbe in the TV series "Anja & Anton".

paragraph: Since 2004 he has also been in the Sherlock Holmes radio play of the publishing group Hermann, heard in the role of Dr. Watson alongside Holmes spokesman Christian Rode. To fantasy fans he is also known as dubbing voice of the Dwarves Forgrimm from the computer games ""and "". In addition, he was also the narrator in the Drakensang radio plays. Since 2009, he also spoke some minor roles in the "Radio Tatort" of the MDR.

paragraph: Since 2007 he was part of the ensemble of the Berlin Criminal Theatre, where he appeared in "Arsenic and Old Lace", "The Name of the Rose" and "Inspector Campbell's Last Case".

paragraph: Section::::Filmography (selection).

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1956: Zwischenfall in Benderath

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1959: Nasreddin und der Wucherer (TV)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1963: Blaulicht: Heißes Geld (TV series)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1966: Die Reise nach Sundevit

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972: Polizeiruf 110: Blütenstaub (TV series)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1975–1978: Das unsichtbare Visier (TV series)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1983: Abends im Kelch (TV)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1984: Polizeiruf 110: Das vergessene Labor (TV series)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1986: Polizeiruf 110: Parkplatz der Liebe (TV series)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996: Gute Zeiten, schlechte Zeiten (TV series)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998: Walli, die Eisfrau (TV)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998–2006: Anja & Anton (TV series)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999: Die letzte Chance (TV)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008: Unser Charly, episode "Alle für einen" (TV series)

paragraph: BULLET::::- since 2010: Blue Bloods – Crime Scene New York ("Blue Bloods", TV series)

description: German actor

wikidata_label: Peter Groeger

wikipedia_title: Peter Groeger


text: pseudonym

text: Belgian

text: comics artist

text: Marcinelle school

text: Sophie

text: Sophie

text: André Franquin

text: Franco-Belgian comics

text: Spirou

text: Spirou et Fantasio

text: Gaston Lagaffe

text: Jidéhem publications in "Spirou"

text: Jidéhem biography

text: Jidéhem profile

text: Jidéhem Biography

categories: 1935 births,2017 deaths,Belgian comics artists,Comic strip cartoonists

paragraph: Jidéhem

paragraph: Jean De Mesmaeker (21 December 1935 – 30 April 2017) known by the pseudonym Jidéhem ("JDM"), was a Belgian comics artist in the Marcinelle school tradition. He was best known for his series featuring a cute, playful and adventurous little girl, "Sophie". A creator of his own series "Sophie", and "Ginger", and noted for his work with "Starter" and "Uhu-man", he is known for his collaborations and assistance to the work of André Franquin during a long career at the Franco-Belgian comics magazine "Spirou", working on "Spirou et Fantasio" and "Gaston Lagaffe", on which he shared co-authorship for several years.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jidéhem publications in "Spirou" BDoubliées

paragraph: BULLET::::- Footnotes

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jidéhem biography on Lambiek Comiclopedia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jidéhem profile on Dupuis

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jidéhem Biography on bédétheque

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fiat 850 in "Starter" in le Journal de Spirou

alias:
JDM
Jean De Mesmaeker
Jidehem

description: Belgian comics artist

wikidata_label: Jidéhem

wikipedia_title: Jidéhem


text:
Margrave of Montferrat
Aleramici
William VII of Montferrat
Beatrice
Alfonso X of Castile
Thomas I of Saluzzo
Alessandria
Piedmont
Charles II of Naples
Dogliani
Asti
House of Savoy
Milan
Philip of Savoy
Collegno
Grugliasco
Turin
Pianezza
Matteo Visconti
commune
Pavia
Santa Maria di Lucedio

categories: 1305 deaths,Marquesses of Montferrat,Aleramici

paragraph: John I, Marquess of Montferrat

paragraph: John I ("circa" 1275 – 1305) was the thirteenth Margrave of Montferrat, last of the Aleramici dynasty, from 1292 to his death.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: John was the only son of William VII of Montferrat and his second wife Beatrice, daughter of Alfonso X of Castile. In his youth, John was put under the tutelage of Thomas I of Saluzzo during the period of William's imprisonment in Alessandria. William died in prison and the peace was upset by Piedmontese rebellions. Charles II of Naples interevened for the defence of John's realm, hoping in the end to install him as his vassal in Piedmont.

paragraph: With Charles and Thomas, who renewed the investiture of Dogliani, John fought against Alessandria and Asti to recuperate territories lost by his father. He came in conflict with the House of Savoy and Milan. Philip of Savoy possessed Collegno, Grugliasco, Turin, and Pianezza which had been lost by William VII. The league John formed against Matteo Visconti succeeded in chasing him from the city in 1302 and obtaining the submission of Asti in 1303. In January 1305, he fell ill while planning a campaign against Savoy. A few days after dictating his testament, which entrusted his lands to the commune of Pavia, he died and was buried with his forefathers in the abbey of Santa Maria di Lucedio.

description: Italian Marquess

wikidata_label: John I, Marquess of Montferrat

wikipedia_title: John I, Marquess of Montferrat


text:
composer
orchestra conductor
Pescia
Tuscany
Florence
Teodulo Mabellini
Wagner's
Lohengrin
Bologna
Austrian
Trieste
war
Bologna
Trieste
Pola
"GIALDINI, Gialdino"

categories: Italian male classical composers,19th-century Italian musicians,Italian male conductors (music),1919 deaths,Italian opera composers,Italian classical composers,Italian conductors (music),1843 births,Male opera composers

paragraph: Gialdino Gialdini

paragraph: Gialdino Gialdini (10 November 1842 – 6 March 1919) was an Italian composer and orchestra conductor.

paragraph: Gialdini was born in Pescia, Tuscany, and studied at Florence with Teodulo Mabellini. He won a prize offered by the Pergola Theatre of that city for the best opera, with "Rosmunda", which met, however, with an unfavorable reception when produced in 1868. After two more operas he tired of composing operas and started conducting opera productions, to international acclaim. In 1889 he conducted Wagner's "Lohengrin" at Bologna. Later he returned to composing operas. In September 1904 he became the Artistic Director of the "Conservatorio Giuseppe Verdi" in the then Austrian city of Trieste but had to abandon the post when Italy entered the war against Austria in May 1915. He then returned to his native Pescia for retirement, and died there aged 76.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rosmunda" (opera, premiered 5 March 1868 at the Teatro Pergola, Florence)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La secchia rapita" (opera buffa, premiered 1872 at the Teatro Goldoni, Florence)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "l'Idolo cinese" (opera buffa, premiered 1874 at the Teatro delle Logge, Florence)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I due soci" (opera buffa, premiered 24 February 1892 at the Teatro Brunetti, Bologna)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Pupilla" (opera in 2 acts, premiered 23 October 1896 at the Societá Filarmonica Drammatica, Trieste)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Bufera" (opera, premiered 26 November 1910 at the Politeama Ciscutti, Pola)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Album vocale"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Minuetto" (for string orchestra)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Eco della Lombardia " (collection of 50 popular songs, edited by Giardini and Giulio Ricordi)

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "GIALDINI, Gialdino" in "Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani" (Vol. 54; 2000); at Treccani.it (in Italian)

description: Italian composer and conductor

wikidata_label: Gialdino Gialdini

wikipedia_title: Gialdino Gialdini


text:
American football
running back
college football
Tennessee
Green Bay Packers
undrafted free agent
Miami Dolphins
Oakland Raiders
Pittsburgh Steelers
Cleveland Browns
National Football League
Hamilton Tiger-Cats
Canadian Football League
Memphis Express
Alliance of American Football
Sandy Creek High School
Tyrone, Georgia
football
Clarke Central
Rivals.com
running back
Tennessee
Mississippi State
Penn State
wide receiver
2014 NFL Draft
Green Bay Packers
Miami Dolphins
Oakland Raiders
Pittsburgh Steelers
Cleveland Browns
Hamilton Tiger-Cats
Canadian Football League
Memphis Express
Alliance of American Football
Green Bay Packers bio
Tennessee Volunteers bio

categories: Green Bay Packers players,Cleveland Browns players,Living people,People from Tyrone, Georgia,Pittsburgh Steelers players,Hamilton Tiger-Cats players,Sportspeople from Atlanta,Canadian football running backs,American football running backs,Players of American football from Georgia (U.S. state),1992 births,People from Fayetteville, Georgia,Miami Dolphins players,Oakland Raiders players,Tennessee Volunteers football players,American players of Canadian football

paragraph: Rajion Neal

paragraph: Rajion Lashad Neal (born March 28, 1992) is an American football running back who is currently a free agent. He played college football at Tennessee. Neal was signed by the Green Bay Packers as an undrafted free agent in 2014, and has also been a member of the Miami Dolphins, Oakland Raiders, Pittsburgh Steelers, and Cleveland Browns of the National Football League. Neal has also been a member of the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League, as well as the Memphis Express of the Alliance of American Football.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Neal attended Sandy Creek High School in Tyrone, Georgia. He helped lead the Sandy Creek football team to Class AAAA state championship in 2009, after he ran for 166 yards and one touchdown over Clarke Central. As a senior, he rushed for 1,816 yards on 291 carries (6.24 avg) and 33 touchdowns, earning the Georgia Sportswriters Class AAAA State Offensive Player of the Year.

paragraph: Considered a four-star recruit by "Rivals.com", he was rated the 9th best running back prospect in the nation. He accepted a scholarship from Tennessee over offers from Mississippi State and Penn State.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: In 2010, Neal played in 10 games as a freshman for Tennessee and rushed 46 times for 197 yards (4.3 avg) and caught seven passes for 100 yards. In 2011, he played wide receiver and running back for the Volunteers, and recorded 13 catches for 269 yards and carried 27 times for 134 yards (5.0) with three touchdowns. As a junior, he appeared in 10 games for the season, missing two due to an ankle injury. He was the leading rusher on team with 708 yards on 156 carries (4.5 avg) and finished with nine total touchdowns on the season (five rushing, four receiving). He also caught 19 passes for 149 yards. As a senior in 2013, Neal rushed for a career-high 1,124 yards on 215 carries (5.2 avg) and scored a career-high 15 rushing touchdowns, and hauled in 27 passes for 108 yards.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Green Bay Packers.

paragraph: After going undrafted in the 2014 NFL Draft, Neal signed with the Green Bay Packers on May 12, 2014. On August 26, 2014, he was placed on injured reserve by the Packers. On November 3, 2014, he was signed to the Packers' practice squad. On August 30, 2015, he was released by the Packers with an injury settlement. On September 5, 2015, Neal was cut by the Packers.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Miami Dolphins.

paragraph: On September 7, 2015, Neal was signed to the Miami Dolphins' practice squad. On September 9, 2015, he was released by the Dolphins.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Oakland Raiders.

paragraph: On September 22, 2015, the Oakland Raiders signed Neal to their practice squad. On November 17, 2015, he was released by the Raiders.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Pittsburgh Steelers.

paragraph: On December 1, 2015, he was signed to the Pittsburgh Steelers' practice squad. On January 18, 2016, the Steelers signed Neal to a future/reserve contract. He was later released by the team.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Cleveland Browns.

paragraph: On August 4, 2016, Neal was signed by the Cleveland Browns. He was later released by the team.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Hamilton Tiger-Cats.

paragraph: In December 2017, Neal signed with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League for the 2018 season, but was released in February 2018, prior to training camp.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Memphis Express.

paragraph: On September 27, 2018, Neal signed with the Memphis Express of the Alliance of American Football for the 2019 season. He was waived on February 21, 2019. During two games played, Neal had 8 rushes for 15 yards, and 4 catches for 10 yards.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Hamilton Tiger-Cats (II).

paragraph: Following his release from the AAF, Neal signed again with Hamilton for the 2019 CFL season, but again was released by Hamilton prior to training camp.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Green Bay Packers bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tennessee Volunteers bio

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Rajion Neal

wikipedia_title: Rajion Neal