text: journalist

text: abolitionist

text: National Anti-Slavery Standard

text: Underground Railroad

text: William Still

text: Hingham, Massachusetts

text: James Otis, Jr.

text: Mercy Otis Warren

text: William Bradford

text: Plymouth Colony

text: Mayflower

text: Hingham

text: attorney

text: Harvard College

text: New Orleans

text: Angelina Grimké

text: slavery

text: United States Constitution

text: William Lloyd Garrison

text: Frederick Douglass

text: New York City

text: National Anti-Slavery Standard

text: Warner Mifflin

text: Quaker

text: Daniel Neall

text: Pennsylvania Hall

text: Mary Otis Gay Willcox

text: Staten Island

text: Underground Railroad

text: William H. Leonard

text: James Miller McKim

text: William Still

text: New Haven

text: Boston

text: Canada West

text: Albany

text: Syracuse

text: Rochester

text: Henry "Box" Brown

text: Jane Johnson

text: Harriet Tubman

text: National Park Service

text: Eric Foner

text: Columbia University Library

text: Staten Island

text: Horace Greeley

text: New-York Tribune

text: President Lincoln

text: Civil War

text: Union

text: 1863 Draft Riots

text: Chicago Tribune

text: Great Chicago Fire

text: New York Evening Post

text: William Cullen Bryant

text: Scribners

text: Fellows

text: American Antiquarian Society

text: James Madison

text: Old Ship Church

text: Rare Book & Manuscript Library

text: Eric Foner

text: Democracy Now!

text: part 1

text: audio

text: video

text: part 2

text: audio

text: video

categories: 1888 deaths,American abolitionists,19th-century American newspaper editors,1814 births

paragraph: Sydney Howard Gay

paragraph: Sydney Howard Gay (1814–1888) was an American attorney, journalist and abolitionist who was active in New York City. Beginning in 1843, he was editor of the "National Anti-Slavery Standard" for 14 years. His offices became a stop of the Underground Railroad, and he became very active in collaborating with others to help fugitive slaves reach freedom.

paragraph: He worked closely with free black Louis Napoleon, and for about two years, Gay kept a detailed record of the approximately 200 men he and Napoleon aided in what is known as the "Record of Fugitives." Because he aided men coming from Philadelphia, some of his notes overlap materials by activist William Still, who published his account in 1872. Gay's "Record" was not discovered among his papers at Columbia University until the early 21st century. Gay and Napoleon may have aided an estimated 3,000 refugees, helping many get to upstate New York and Canada. His "Record" reveals what a large organization the Underground Railroad truly was, aided by hundreds of people from different walks of life.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Gay was born in Hingham, Massachusetts in 1814 to the lawyer Ebenezer Gay and Mary Alleyne Otis, niece of American Revolutionary activists James Otis, Jr., and Mercy Otis Warren. On his father's side, he was descended from Governor William Bradford, a founder of the Plymouth Colony, who arrived on the "Mayflower" in 1620. On his mother's side, he was descended from John Otis, who settled in Hingham in 1635.

paragraph: Sydney's father, Ebenezer Gay, was a prosperous but unhappy attorney who wanted one of his sons to join his practice. Sydney's older brothers did not meet Ebenezer's expectations, so he decided to prepare Sydney for a legal career by sending him to Harvard College. But Sydney was 15 years old and could not adjust to being away from home. He became ill and had to withdraw from his classes. Ebenezer was disappointed when Sydney refused to return to the college.

paragraph: Sydney set his sights on being a businessman and persuaded his father to loan him money for several unsuccessful business ventures. While he was trying desperately to start a mercantile enterprise in New Orleans, his sister, Francis, informed him that Angelina Grimké had spoken in Hingham against slavery, and she had greatly impressed their mother. Sydney told his sister that abolitionists were fanatics, and he did not want anyone in the family to associate with them.

paragraph: When his New Orleans venture failed miserably, Sydney returned to his father's home, ill and ashamed. Withdrawing into his father's library, he read and thought deeply about the slavery issue; he changed his opinion, announcing that he was an abolitionist. Ebenezer still harbored hopes that Sydney would join his law practice, but he refused to take the lawyer's oath to uphold the United States Constitution, because the Constitution sanctioned slavery.

paragraph: Gay joined the local Antislavery Society, started writing abolitionist articles for the "Hingham Patriot", joined William Lloyd Garrison's American Abolition Society, and traveled on a One Hundred Convention tour with Frederick Douglass, a former slave and prominent abolitionist.

paragraph: Section::::Life in New York City.

paragraph: In 1843, he moved to New York City to become resident editor of the "National Anti-Slavery Standard", a post he would hold for 14 years. Two years later in 1845, Gay married Elizabeth Johns Neall, the grandchild of abolitionist Warner Mifflin and daughter of another prominent Quaker abolitionist, Daniel Neall, president of Pennsylvania Hall. She was herself an abolitionist and involved in the woman's rights movement of the day. His daughter Mary Otis Gay Willcox was a prominent civic worker on Staten Island.

paragraph: Section::::Abolition and the Underground Railroad.

paragraph: Several people helped Gay make his office at the "Standard" one of New York City's busiest Underground Railroad depots. His associates included the venerable abolitionist Quaker Isaac T. Hopper, his daughter, Abigail Hopper Gibbons, and her husband, James; Elias Smith; and two black men: the "Standard's" printer, William H. Leonard, and Louis Napoleon, who conducted many of the fugitives forwarded to the office from Philadelphia by James Miller McKim and William Still.

paragraph: Gay's office was a critical stop for fugitives traveling from Philadelphia to New Haven and Boston, or to Canada West via Albany, Syracuse, and Rochester. Gay aided three of history's most famous fugitives: Henry "Box" Brown, Jane Johnson, and Harriet Tubman. In two notebooks, which he entitled "Record of Fugitives, 1855—", he recorded the stories of over 200 fugitives he and his associates aided from 1855 to 1856. Because Gay and William Still kept notes about some of the same people, Gay's "Record" is the most important primary document to be printed since William Still self-published his classic "Underground Railroad Records" in 1872.

paragraph: The contents of Gay's "Record" were similar to the journal kept by Still. But, Gay's "Record" was not known at all by historians until the 21st century. The earliest-known documented reference to it was made by historian Kathryn Grover in her 2002 monograph about black abolitionists in Boston for the National Park Service. Tom Calarco, one of the authors of "Secret Lives", found the "Records" as a result of this reference. He had the materials photographed in 2007 for use in research. He immediately realized the significance of the Records, and collaborated with Don Papson on a book resulting from their study of these and other documents. It was published in February 2015.

paragraph: Around that time historians such as Eric Foner also learned of the "Records." A copy of his annotated "Record of Fugitive Slaves" is available for viewing online at the Columbia University Library website. He also wrote a history of the Underground Railroad, "Gateway to Freedom: The Hidden History of the Underground Railroad" (2015). He estimated that Gay and his collaborators in New York aided some 3,000 fugitive slaves in reaching freedom.

paragraph: Section::::Career as a journalist.

paragraph: After 14 years at the "Standard", Gay resigned when the Boston clique decided it could not afford to keep his associate editor, Oliver Johnson. Gay was exhausted, and he was not earning enough to support his wife and three children. He continued to serve on the American Anti-Slavery Society's Executive Board and to aid fugitives from slavery.

paragraph: Following time off to recover his health at his home on Staten Island, Gay accepted the position of assistant to the managing editor, and later the managing editor, for Horace Greeley's "New-York Tribune". Although Greeley unrelentingly criticized President Lincoln's handling of the Civil War, Gay ensured the "Tribune" was a pro-Union paper. Gay defied Greeley's command against arming the "Tribune" building during the 1863 Draft Riots and prevented a mob from burning it to the ground.

paragraph: when Greeley demoted Gay after the war, he resigned. Gay was emotionally and physically exhausted. After a long rest in Hingham, he accepted a job at the "Chicago Tribune" in 1867. He lived and worked there until after the Great Chicago Fire of 1871.

paragraph: He served on the editorial staff of the "New York Evening Post" from 1872 to 1874. Later, he returned to New York City to work at William Cullen Bryant's "Evening News". Bryant persuaded him to collaborate on a multi-volume "Popular History of the United States" for Scribners, and Gay did most of the writing for it.

paragraph: Section::::Final years.

paragraph: In 1877, Harvard's president and Fellows recognized Gay's accomplishments by awarding him a diploma.

paragraph: Gay was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1878.

paragraph: In 1884, Gay completed "A Life of James Madison". He was working on a biography of his Boston abolitionist friend John Quincy when he fell, injuring his spine so as to cause paralysis. He died in 1888 and was buried in the Hingham Cemetery with his ancestors. It is on the hill above the Old Ship Church, which his paternal great-grandfather, Rev. Ebenezer Gay, had pastored for more than 60 years.

paragraph: His papers are held as the "Gay Papers" at the Rare Book & Manuscript Library of Columbia University. This is where the "Record of Fugitives" was found in the early 21st century. Two books were published based on it in 2015.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Volumes of "National Anti-Slavery Standard" on Internet Archives

paragraph: BULLET::::- Personal items of Sydney Howard Gay and his family, Staten Island Historical Society Online Collections Database

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interviews with Eric Foner on Democracy Now! about his book "Gateway to Freedom: The Hidden History of the Underground Railroad" and Sydney Howard Gay

paragraph: BULLET::::- part 1, begins ~35:38 in audio and video

paragraph: BULLET::::- part 2: audio, video

description: Abolitionist, journalist

wikidata_label: Sidney Howard Gay

wikipedia_title: Sydney Howard Gay


text:
Chilean
footballer
Liga MX
Pachuca
forward
Chile
United States
2017 China Cup
Angel Sagal

categories: Chile international footballers,C.F. Pachuca players,Chilean Primera División players,Chilean expatriate footballers,2019 Copa América players,Rangers de Talca footballers,Liga MX players,Expatriate footballers in Mexico,Association football forwards,People from Talca,Chilean footballers,1993 births,Huachipato footballers,Living people,2017 FIFA Confederations Cup players

paragraph: Ángelo Sagal

paragraph: Ángelo Nicolás Sagal Tapia (; born 18 April 1993) is a Chilean footballer that currently plays for Liga MX club Pachuca as a forward.

paragraph: Section::::International career.

paragraph: He got his first call up to the senior Chile squad for a friendly against the United States in January 2015 and made his international debut in the match. At 2017 China Cup, he scored his first international match goal, which made "La Roja" win the cup.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Angel Sagal at Liga MX Profile

alias:
Higuaín Chileno, El Muerto Ságal,
Angelo Sagal
Ángelo Nicolás Sagal Tapia
Angelo Nicolas Sagal Tapia
Mohamed Sagal

description: Chilean association football player

wikidata_label: Ángelo Sagal

wikipedia_title: Ángelo Sagal


text:
Roman Catholic Church
bishop of Várad
Chancellor of Transylvania
Nicolaus Olahus
Palatine
Zsigmond Forgách
Archbishop of Esztergom
Ferenc Forgách
Hont-Pázmány

categories: 1530 births,1577 deaths,Forgách family,Bishops of Várad

paragraph: Ferenc Forgách, Bishop of Várad

paragraph: Baron Ferenc Forgách de Ghymes et Gács (c. 1530 – 19 January 1577) was a Hungarian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church, who served as bishop of Várad (today: "Oradea Mare") and Chancellor of Transylvania between 1571 and 1575. His mentor was Nicolaus Olahus.

paragraph: His nephews were, among others, Palatine Zsigmond Forgách and Archbishop of Esztergom Ferenc Forgách.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Markó, László: A magyar állam főméltóságai Szent Istvántól napjainkig - Életrajzi Lexikon "p. 225." "(The High Officers of the Hungarian State from Saint Stephen to the Present Days - A Biographical Encyclopedia)" (2nd edition); Helikon Kiadó Kft., 2006, Budapest; .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Szabó de Bártfa, László: A Hunt-Pázmán nemzetségbeli Forgách család története "History of the Forgách family from the kindred of Hont-Pázmány"; 1910, Esztergom.

description: Hungarian bishop

wikidata_label: Ferenc Forgách, Bishop of Várad

wikipedia_title: Ferenc Forgách, Bishop of Várad


text: soul

text: rock

text: jazz

text: R&B

text: Jos

text: gospel

text: country

text: Nasarawa State

text: Loyola Jesuit College

text: Covenant University

text: Hausa language

text: Praiz

text: TD Jakes

text: The Boston Globe

text: Vanguard Nigeria

text: Cobhams Asuquo

text: Yemi Alade

text: BET

text: 106 & Park

text: Angélique Kidjo

text: Moshito Music Conference

text: Johannesburg

text: Southbank Centre

text: Addis Ababa

text: Nairobi

text: SXSW

text: Oyo State

text: Rasheed Ladoja

text: First City Monument Bank

text: Warwick University

text: Imperial College

text: Globacom

text: The Headies

text: Hip Hop World Revelation

text: Super Sun

text: Gbagyi Child

categories: People from Jos,Nigerian rock musicians,Nigerian soul musicians,Nigerian jazz musicians,1983 births,Living people

paragraph: Bez (musician)

paragraph: Emmanuel Bez Idakula, known as Bez (born 10 November 1983), is a Nigerian multi-instrumentalist, singer-songwriter and composer, working in a genre known as "alternative soul", a hybrid of soul, rock, jazz and R&B. He was featured in "Pulse" Magazine as number one on the list of "Top 12 Musicians To Look Out For in 2014".

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Emmanuel Bez Idakula was born in 1983, in Jos in central Nigeria. He grew up in a musically inclined family, listening to gospel and country. As a child, he sang in choirs and began playing his father's guitar at the age of nine. His parents recorded duets, with his mother singing and his father playing the guitar, while Bez and his younger brother, Anyidakula Idakula, and his two sisters, Eunice Chiedu and Lydia Sobogun provided a sing along audience. Growing up Bez spent his time fixing things, and dabbling in painting and sketching.

paragraph: Bez lost his father, who was a politician and gubernatorial candidate for Nasarawa State in Nigeria, at the age of twelve "(citation needed. Nassarawa state was created in 1996 and the first gubernatorial election for the state was held in 1999 which makes Bez about 16 years at that time.)"

paragraph: His family's finances crashed as a result and he could hardly afford to pay the rest of his tuition for high school. An anonymous person paid for his high school education. In college, he received help paying his fees, as well.

paragraph: Upon finishing Loyola Jesuit College, Bez attended and graduated from Covenant University in 2007 with a BSc in Information and communications technology. He sang at open mic nights while at university. One of such open mic nights was called Taruwa ("gathering" in the Hausa language), where the platform encouraged artists to share their talent through music, poetry, the spoken word and art. Here, Bez played every two weeks and met Praiz, who he later collaborated with on "That Stupid Song". Later, he read "He-Motions" by Bishop TD Jakes and other spiritual and self-help books, which led him to the view that his purpose in life is to add value to the world through his music.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:"Super Sun".

paragraph: Bez's album "Super Sun" was released in 2011, and includes the single "That Stupid Song". "The Boston Globe" placed this song at number 3 in its top ten world music albums of 2011, calling Bez a "superb alternative-soul singer". Connect Nigeria called it "unusual and just a perfect blend for a debut album"

paragraph: In an interview with Vanguard Nigeria, Bez stated "That Stupid Song" was created accidentally when someone entered the studio requesting "a stupid song". Bez's producer, the talented songwriter and music producer, Cobhams Asuquo, thought to create a song that was a mixture of different songs they sang while growing up. They invited Praiz to do a collaboration with Bez and they recorded "That Stupid Song" the next day.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:"Gbagyi Child".

paragraph: In November 2013, Bez premiered the first single off his second album, "My Baby" also produced by Cobhams Asuquo, that was released in 2014. The title and release date are currently unknown. In the interview of April 2013 with Vanguard Nigeria, Bez stated that his next album will be a slight departure from the sound he is known for, stating he will be putting a more African sound in his music and rock while keeping the soul present in the music. This may make the music a bit more mainstream.

paragraph: Gbagyi Child was released on November 28, 2016. 360nobs calls the album 'swirling, expressive, poetic, lush and bursting to the seams with its influences'. It includes the remix track of 'You Suppose know' which features acclaimed Nigerian artiste Yemi Alade.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Tours and other career accomplishments.

paragraph: Bez's music video of "That Stupid Song", premiered on the renowned BET's 106 & Park, an American hip-hop and R&B music video show, in January 2012. He was the first African artist to world premiere his music video on BET and the first Nigerian artist to do a solo show at the iTunes store in Soho, New York. He also had a show at the iTunes store in Santa Monica, California for Black Music month in June 2012.

paragraph: Bez enjoys being on stage: "Once I get on stage, it goes crazy from there. We perform with our hearts and just go in. It's great energy on stage and we try to keep it that way till the end." Recording in the studio also has many rewards. "Sometimes it may be down to business, other times and most of the time… it's just pure unadulterated fun!!"

paragraph: Bez performed at many events in 2012: The New Africa Shrine in Harlem, New York; the Applause Africa Award ceremony honouring Angélique Kidjo in Manhattan, New York; Arts Alive Festival and Moshito Music Conference in Johannesburg, South Africa; Africa Utopia at Southbank Centre in London, UK; Africa Leadership Network Annual conference in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, and Nigeria House pre-Olympic concerts in London, UK. He also performed for Sol Village at SOBs in Manhattan, New York, and for the TML100 event in Nairobi, Kenya. He also performed in the "Spinlet All African Showcase, (the first of its kind), at SXSW in Austin, Texas; in March 2012. His Super Sun Concert in Nigeria, in December 2012, received raves.

paragraph: In 2013, Bez made the American tour in March, and the European tour which was held later in the summer of the same year. He also played the Slide and Bounce Tour, sponsored by Globacom.

paragraph: Performed twice in premium teen ambassador Joel obinoma's 18th birthday

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Bez married Bolatito Ladoja, the daughter of former Oyo State Governor Rasheed Ladoja, in January 2014. Bolatito works as a banker at First City Monument Bank. She holds a bachelor's degree in International Relations from Warwick University in the United Kingdom, with a Masters in Management from Imperial College in London. Bolatito is supportive and involved in Bez's career, and is often present at his gigs. Bez is currently based in Lagos. Musically, his biggest influences are Amy Winehouse, the Beatles and '70s soul. In addition to guitar, he also plays piano and percussion.

paragraph: Section::::Charitable involvement.

paragraph: Bez founded the Bez Idakula Foundation to help with educational needs for kids who can't afford it, and to try to help transform their lives in the same way his own life was affected and transformed. Bez also sits on the board of an NGO, Ovie Brume Foundation, is a member of the African Leadership Network and is one of two Nigerian members of Sandbox, a global network of young entrepreneurs. He also endorses '’Friends Africa'’ and a Telecommunications brand in Africa, Globacom and has appeared in their commercials. In March 2012, Bez spoke at the Harvard Africa Business Conference on an entertainment panel.

paragraph: Section::::Awards and nominations.

paragraph: Bez received six nominations in the 2012 The Headies, the Nigerian Music Awards: Recording of the Year (single "The Stupid Song"), Best R 'N' B Single ("The Stupid Song"), Best R 'N' B/Pop Album ("Super Sun"), Best Collaboration (Stupid Song featuring Praiz), Best Vocal Performance, and Hip Hop World Revelation.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Super Sun" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gbagyi Child" (2016)

description: musician

wikidata_label: Bez

wikipedia_title: Bez (musician)


text:
American football
running back
Jacksonville Jaguars
2009 NFL Draft
Oakland Raiders
New York Giants
college football
Liberty
Jefferson Forest High School
University of Tennessee
Lynchburg Christian Academy
Pittsburgh
Liberty
Jacksonville Jaguars
Senior Bowl
2009 NFL Draft
Kansas City Chiefs
Maurice Jones-Drew
2012 regular season
Minnesota Vikings
Oakland Raiders
Darren McFadden
Houston Texans
New York Giants
Season 24
Dancing with the Stars
Emma Slater
25th season
Cha-cha-cha
Drew Scott
Emma Slater
season 27
DeMarcus Ware
Lindsay Arnold
New York Giants bio
Oakland Raiders bio
Jacksonville Jaguars bio
Liberty Flames bio

categories: Players of American football from Virginia,Dancing with the Stars (American TV series) winners,African-American Christians,People from Forest, Virginia,Liberty Flames football players,1985 births,Oakland Raiders players,Jacksonville Jaguars players,Pittsburgh Panthers football players,New York Giants players,American football running backs,Living people

paragraph: Rashad Jennings

paragraph: Rashad Andre Jennings (born March 26, 1985) is a former American football running back. He was drafted by the Jacksonville Jaguars in the seventh round of the 2009 NFL Draft. He also played for the Oakland Raiders and the New York Giants. Jennings played college football at Liberty.

paragraph: Section::::High school career.

paragraph: Jennings began his high school career at Jefferson Forest High School in his hometown, Forest, Virginia. As a fifth string running back, he didn't play in a game until the last game of his junior year. As a self-described "270 lb. chubby kid with asthma and glasses", Jennings finally played after the first four running backs ahead of him on the depth chart went down with injuries. Even before putting in Jennings, his coach attempted to play a wide receiver at running back. On his first handoff he ran the ball in for a 30-yard touchdown. After a 40-yard rushing touchdown and scoring 2 more touchdowns on defense, Jennings was approached by a scout from the University of Tennessee who had come to see the starting running back. After inquiring about his grades and discovering Jennings had a 0.6 GPA, the scout said "Son, you have potential... Get your grades right!"

paragraph: After the encouragement, Rashad transferred to Lynchburg Christian Academy. His older brothers offered to coach the football team since Rashad could not afford the tuition. At LCA, he would begin to shed some weight and take to learning after having to repeat his junior year. In his junior and senior year, he was a two-time All-VISAA Division II selection while totaling 3,287 yards and 56 touchdowns, including 1,978 rushing yards and 28 touchdowns as a senior, while also lettering twice in basketball.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Jennings began his college career at Pittsburgh in 2005, only the fourth true freshman running back to start there. However, Jennings transferred to Division I-FCS Liberty, in spring 2006, to be closer to his family. Though Jennings was suspended for the first two games of the 2007 season due to an internal violation, he set a Big South Conference record with 3,633 yards, 42 touchdowns, and averaged 5.7 yards per carry.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Jacksonville Jaguars.

paragraph: After being coached by the Jacksonville Jaguars' staff during the 2009 Senior Bowl, Jennings was drafted by Jacksonville in the seventh round (250th overall) of the 2009 NFL Draft. He scored his first career touchdown in Week 9 against the Kansas City Chiefs, rushing for 28 yards. After a promising rookie season, Jennings's 2011 season was cut short by injuries after suffering a concussion in the Jaguars' first preseason game, and his knee injury two weeks later, Jennings was placed in injured reserve before the regular season began.

paragraph: Due to a contract holdout by starter Maurice Jones-Drew, Jennings was named the starting running back for the team's 2012 regular season opener against the Minnesota Vikings. Jones-Drew returned to the starting lineup the following week Jennings resumed his role as a backup until a shoulder injury on December 24, 2012 landed him on injured reserve for the second consecutive year.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Oakland Raiders.

paragraph: Jennings was signed by the Oakland Raiders on April 11, 2013.

paragraph: Jennings started the 2013 season backing up starter Darren McFadden. McFadden spent much of the season on the sideline due to injuries, forcing Jennings to start eight games in his place. Jennings, a career backup, exceeded expectations as a starter and saw his best rushing game of the season in Week 11 against the Houston Texans where he rushed 22 times for 150 yards (6.8 ypc) and one touchdown on the end of an 80-yard rush. Jennings finished the season with 733 rushing yards on 163 carries and six touchdowns.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New York Giants.

paragraph: On March 12, 2014, Jennings signed a four-year, $14 million contract including $3 million guaranteed with the New York Giants. Jennings quickly took over as starter, starting 9 games out of the 11 that he played. Jennings rushed for 639 yards on 167 carries and scored 4 rushing touchdowns.

paragraph: Jennings started all 16 games in 2015, and set career highs in carries, rushing yards, receiving yards, and receiving touchdowns. Jennings recorded 863 yards along with three touchdowns on 195 carries, as well as 296 yards and one receiving touchdown on 29 receptions. Jennings played his best football later in the season, besting his previous season highs in both carries and yards in each of his final four games, with 79 carries for 432 yards and 2 touchdowns in that stretch.

paragraph: Jennings played in 13 games in 2016, rushing for 593 yards, his lowest total since 2013, and scored three touchdowns on 181 carries. He added 35 receptions for 201 receiving yards and one receiving touchdown in 2016.

paragraph: On February 13, 2017, Jennings was released by the Giants.

paragraph: On December 8, 2017, Jennings announced his retirement from the NFL.

paragraph: Section::::"Dancing with the Stars".

paragraph: On March 1, 2017, Jennings was revealed as one of the contestants who would compete on Season 24 of "Dancing with the Stars" and was paired with professional dancer Emma Slater. Jennings and Slater went on to win the competition on May 23, 2017. It was Slater's first win on the competition show and Jennings is the fourth NFL player to win the show.

paragraph: In November 2017, Jennings returned to 25th season in Week eight, to participate in a trio Cha-cha-cha with Drew Scott and his professional partner Emma Slater.

paragraph: In May 2018, Jennings returned to the ballroom as guest judge for Week 2 of season 26.

paragraph: Jennings later returned in season 27 as a trio partner once again to DeMarcus Ware and Lindsay Arnold.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- New York Giants bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oakland Raiders bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jacksonville Jaguars bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Liberty Flames bio

description: Player of American football

wikidata_label: Rashad Jennings

wikipedia_title: Rashad Jennings


text:
first-class cricket
Cambridge University
England
rugby union
Preston, Lancashire
Uppingham School
Trinity Hall, Cambridge
Nottinghamshire
Arthur Jones
W.G. Grace
Cambridge University
the Varsity Match
Leicester
1903 he toured South Africa
British Isles
Nottingham
Cricinfo: Alfred Hind

categories: 1947 deaths,1878 births,British and Irish Lions rugby union players from England,Nottingham R.F.C. players,Nottinghamshire cricketers,English cricketers,People educated at Uppingham School,English rugby union players,England international rugby union players,Alumni of Trinity Hall, Cambridge,Cambridge University R.U.F.C. players,Cambridge University cricketers,Leicester Tigers players

paragraph: Alfred Hind

paragraph: Alfred Ernest Hind (7 April 1878 – 21 March 1947) was an English sportsman who played first-class cricket for Cambridge University and represented England at rugby union.

paragraph: Section::::Personal history.

paragraph: Hind was born in Preston, Lancashire in 1878. He was educated at Uppingham School before entering Trinity Hall, Cambridge in 1897. He gained four sporting Blues in athletics between 1898 and 1901 and ran the 100 yards in 9.8 seconds on teo occasions. He gained a further Blue with the rugby team in 1900. On leaving university be became a solicitor.

paragraph: Section::::Cricket career.

paragraph: A right arm medium pace bowler and handy lower order batsman, Hind played most of his cricket for Cambridge but also appeared in a first-class match for Nottinghamshire. That match came in the 1901 County Championship, against Leicestershire at Aylestone Road, but in a low scoring encounter but wasn't called on to bowl by his captain Arthur Jones. The previous year he had played a three-day match for Nottinghamshire against the touring West Indians and made what would have been his highest score of 60 except the match wasn't awarded first-class status.

paragraph: Hind's first year at Cambridge University Cricket Club was his best, claiming 35 wickets at 17.91 in 1898. He took his career best figures of 7 for 30 on debut, in a University Match against CI Thornton's England XI and despite him taking a further two wickets in the second innings they still lost the match. Perhaps the biggest name out of his 80 first-class victims was the great W.G. Grace, whom Hind dismissed when the England Test cricketer was playing for the Marylebone Cricket Club in 1900.

paragraph: Section::::Rugby career.

paragraph: Hind had a long and distinguished rugby career, first representing Cambridge University while a student. He played in the Varsity Match of 1900 and on leaving he joined Leicester. The first of Hind's two England rugby union caps was a Test in 1905 against New Zealand. The other came the following year when he played against Wales in a Home Nations encounter. In 1903 he toured South Africa with the British Isles and he played his club rugby at Nottingham, mostly as a winger.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cricinfo: Alfred Hind

description: English cricketer and rugby union footballer

wikidata_label: Alfred Hind

wikipedia_title: Alfred Hind


text:
ukiyo-e
Japanese woodblock prints
Rimpa school
Tsutsumi Tōrin III
Katsukawa Shun'ei
Katsukawa Shunkō I
woodblock prints
genre
landscapes
Lane, Richard
OCLC 5246796
OCLC 61666175
OCLC 2005932

categories: 1830s deaths,Katsukawa school,1762 births

paragraph: Katsukawa Shunsen

paragraph: , who is also known as Shunkō II, was a designer of books and ukiyo-e style Japanese woodblock prints. He was born in 1762 and designed prints from about 1805 to about 1821. He initially studied with the Rimpa school artist Tsutsumi Tōrin III. In 1806 or 1807, Shunsen became a student of Katsukawa Shun'ei, and changed his name from “Kojimachi Shunsen” to “Katsukawa Shunsen”. In 1820 he succeeded Katsukawa Shunkō I, becoming Katsukawa Shunkō II. In the late 1820s, he ceased producing woodblock prints and devoted himself to painting ceramics. He died about 1830.

paragraph: Shunsen is best known for his genre scenes, landscapes, and prints of beautiful women.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lane, Richard. (1978). "Images from the Floating World, The Japanese Print." Oxford: Oxford University Press. ; OCLC 5246796

paragraph: BULLET::::- Newland, Amy Reigle. (2005). "Hotei Encyclopedia of Japanese Woodblock Prints." Amsterdam: Hotei. ; OCLC 61666175

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roberts, Laurance P. (1976). "A Dictionary of Japanese Artists." New York: Weatherhill. ; OCLC 2005932

description: Japanese artist

wikidata_label: Katsukawa Shunsen

wikipedia_title: Katsukawa Shunsen


text: de Weryha-Wysoczański-Pietrusiewicz

text: Ph.D.

text: Sotheby's

text: fencing

text: de Weryha-Wysoczański-Pietrusiewicz

text: Poland

text: University of Hamburg

text: Magdalene College, Cambridge

text: Leibniz laureate

text: Martin Warnke

text: European Commission of the Nobility

text: Paris

text: St. Moritz

text: Cambridge University

text: Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels

categories: Living people,1975 births,Polish art historians,Alumni of Magdalene College, Cambridge,People from Gdynia

paragraph: Rafał de Weryha-Wysoczański

paragraph: Chevalier Rafał Hugon Maria de Weryha-Wysoczański-Pietrusiewicz, Ph.D. (born May 7, 1975) is a Polish art historian, genealogist and writer, who was a representative of the auction house Sotheby's.

paragraph: He is the only child of sculptor Jan, 6th Chevalier de Weryha-Wysoczański-Pietrusiewicz, and nephew of Olympic Bronze Medallist and Vice World Champion in fencing Madame Ryszard Weryha-Wysoczańska-Pietrusiewicz and millionaire landowner and philanthropist Basil, 1st Chevalier de Weryha-Wysoczański-Pietrusiewicz.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born in Poland, he was educated at the University of Hamburg and on a national merit-based scholarship at Magdalene College, Cambridge, where he became a member of the Cambridge University Heraldic and Genealogical Society. He completed his doctorate – for which he was awarded another merit scholarship – under the supervision of Leibniz laureate Professor Martin Warnke. De Weryha-Wysoczański-Pietrusiewicz is a former Delegate to the European Commission of the Nobility in Paris. Reviewers of his book "Strategien des Privaten" noted that it has a “wise central idea” and that it “gives important food for thought”.

paragraph: Thanks to a generous handicap, he came second in the President's Race 2015 on the Cresta Run, in St. Moritz having also been a member of the Cambridge University Cresta Team in 1999.

paragraph: Section::::Selected publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Chevalier from Poland. The Memoirs of Chevalier Rafael de Weryha-Wysoczański", Kibworth Beauchamp 2016, .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Adelige Häuser" XXX, vol 145, Limburg an der Lahn 2008 (Contributor), .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Adelslexikon" XVI, vol 137, Limburg an der Lahn 2005 (Contributor), .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Adelslexikon" XVII, Nachträge, vol 144, Limburg an der Lahn 2008 (Contributor), .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gothaisches Genealogisches Handbuch, Adelige Häuser" IV, vol 8, Marburg 2018 (Contributor), .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Komposition als Kommunikation. Festschrift Professor Peter Petersen", Frankfurt am Main; Berlin; Bern; Bruxelles; New York; Oxford; Wien 2000 (Contributor), .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Strategien des Privaten. Zum Landschaftspark von Humphry Repton und Fürst Pückler", Berlin 2004, .

alias: Chevalier Rafael Hugo de Weryha-Wysoczański-Pietrusiewicz

alias: Chevalier Rafael Hugo Maria de Weryha-Wysoczański-Pietrusiewicz

description: Polish art historian

wikidata_label: Rafał Hugon de Weryha-Wysoczański

wikipedia_title: Rafał de Weryha-Wysoczański


text:
English
snooker
English billiards
Melbourne Inman
Harry Stevenson
Tom Reece
Edward Diggle
George Gray
World Billiards Championship
Cue Sport Manufacturer
Burroughes and Watts
World Snooker Championship
1933
1935
Joe Davis

categories: Sportspeople from Darlington,1886 births,English players of English billiards,1982 deaths,English snooker players,World champions in English billiards

paragraph: Willie Smith (billiards player)

paragraph: Willie Smith (25 January 1886 – 2 June 1982) was an English professional player of snooker and English billiards. Smith was "by common consent, the greatest all-round billiards player who ever lived".

paragraph: He studied previous Billiard players such as Melbourne Inman, Harry Stevenson, Tom Reece, Edward Diggle and George Gray, describing his play as "the combination of Gray's striking and Diggle's top-of-the-table play".

paragraph: He entered the World Billiards Championship in 1920 and then again in 1923, winning it on both occasions. Arguments with the governing body prevented him from taking part in the competition more often.

paragraph: In 1930 he started writing for "The Burwat Billiard Review", a magazine published by the Cue Sport Manufacturers Burroughes and Watts. These were instructional articles with accompanying illustrations and photographs.

paragraph: He turned to snooker for purely monetary reasons but never really took to the game. His natural talent as a billiards player still enabled him to reach the World Snooker Championship final in 1933 and 1935 where he was beaten by Joe Davis.

description: British snooker and billiard player

wikidata_label: Willie Smith

wikipedia_title: Willie Smith (billiards player)


text:
French
impresario
Ballet de l'Opéra
Monte Carlo
Socialist
Prime Minister of France
Léon Blum
Nazis
Auschwitz concentration camp
literary journal
Gil Blas
Marcel Proust
Bernard Grasset
Du côté de chez Swann
World War I
Battle of the Somme
Amiens Cathedral
Croix de guerre
Sergei Diaghilev
Ballets Russes
Louis II, Prince of Monaco
Colonel W. de Basil
Ballets Russes de Monte-Carlo
Bronislava Nijinska
Michel Fokine
Léonide Massine
Fleischmann's Yeast
Ballet Russe de Monte-Carlo
United States
New York City
Beaune-la-Rolande internment camp
Drancy internment camp
Auschwitz concentration camp

categories: French people who died in Auschwitz concentration camp,Artists from Paris,Ballet impresarios,1878 births,1942 deaths,French civilians killed in World War II,French Jews who died in the Holocaust

paragraph: René Blum (impresario)

paragraph: René Blum (13 March 1878 – September 1942) was a French theatrical impresario. He was the founder of the Ballet de l'Opéra at Monte Carlo and was the younger brother of the Socialist Prime Minister of France, Léon Blum. A Jew, he was interned in various camps from 1941 until he was murdered by the Nazis at the Auschwitz concentration camp in late September 1942. While at the camps, he was known for keeping up the spirits of his fellow prisoners with tales of his life in the arts.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Blum was born in Paris.

paragraph: At the turn of the 20th century he was an editor at the Parisian literary journal "Gil Blas" and a popular theatre critic. He became a friend of Marcel Proust, and it was on his advice that Proust turned to Bernard Grasset to publish "Du côté de chez Swann".

paragraph: During World War I, Blum served in the Battle of the Somme. He saved threatened artwork from Amiens Cathedral and earned the French Croix de guerre.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Founder of Ballet of Monte-Carlo.

paragraph: He became director of plays and operettas at Monte Carlo in 1924, where Sergei Diaghilev's Ballets Russes was based. In 1931, Blum was hired by Louis II, Prince of Monaco, to create a ballet company that would continue the work and legacy of the late Diaghilev (who had died in 1929). In 1932, with the help of financier Serge Denham, Blum and Colonel W. de Basil formed the Ballets Russes de Monte-Carlo.

paragraph: Blum and de Basil fell out in 1934, and their Ballets Russes partnership dissolved. Blum kept ballet alive in Monte Carlo. In short order, he hired choreographer Bronislava Nijinska. After Nijinska left, Blum hired Michel Fokine. In 1937, Blum and former Ballets Russes choreographer Léonide Massine acquired financing from Fleischmann's Yeast heir Julius Fleischmann, Jr.'s World Art, Inc. to create a new ballet company. In 1938, their new company was allowed to regain the name "Ballet Russe de Monte-Carlo" (although the company fled for the United States in 1939, and was thereafter mostly based in New York City).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Deportation and death.

paragraph: In the summer of 1940, after the German occupation of Paris, Blum returned to France to be with his family. He was arrested on 12 December 1941 in his Parisian home, among the first Jews to be arrested in Paris by the French police. He was held in the Beaune-la-Rolande internment camp, then in the Drancy internment camp. On 23 September 1942 he was shipped to the Auschwitz concentration camp. He was killed by the Nazis at age 64 in late September 1942.

description: French theatre impressario

wikidata_label: René Blum

wikipedia_title: René Blum (impresario)


text: Old Norse

text: Norway

text: civil war era

text: Harald Gille

text: Ingiríðr Ragnvaldsdóttir

text: Sigurd Slembe

text: thing

text: Sarpsborg

text: Magnus

text: Sigurd

text: Magnus the Blind

text: Battle of Holmengrå

text: Morkinskinna

text: Heimskringla

text: Danish

text: Saxo Grammaticus

text: Eystein

text: Scotland

text: Archiepiscopacy

text: Nidaros

text: Trondheim

text: Bergen

text: Moster

text: Bohuslän

text: Haakon the Broadshouldered

text: lendmenn

text: Gregorius Dagsson

text: Erling Skakke

text: battle

text: Oslo

text: Guðrøðr Óláfsson

text: King of the Isles

text: Magnus Erlingsson

text: Sverre

text: Jon Kuvlung

text: kings’ sagas

text: Heimskringla

text: Fagrskinna

text: Morkinskinna

text: Ágrip

text: Hryggjarstykki

text: Cornell University Press

text: Snorri Sturluson

text: University of Texas Press

categories: Medieval child rulers,Norwegian monarchs,1161 deaths,12th-century Norwegian people,1135 births,Norwegian military personnel killed in the Norwegian civil wars,House of Gille,Norwegian civil wars,Monarchs killed in action

paragraph: Inge I of Norway

paragraph: Inge Haraldsson (Old Norse: "Ingi Haraldsson") (1135 – 3 February 1161) was king of Norway from 1136 to 1161. Inge’s reign fell within the start of the period known in Norwegian history as the civil war era. He was never the sole ruler of the country. He is often known as Inge the Hunchback (; Old Norse: "Ingi krókhryggr"), because of his physical disability. However, this epithet does not appear in medieval sources.

paragraph: Section::::Childhood and accession.

paragraph: Inge was the only legitimate son of king Harald Gille by his wife, Ingiríðr Ragnvaldsdóttir. At the time, however, legitimate birth was not an important factor in determining succession to the throne. Inge was fostered by "Ögmund" or "Ámund Gyrðarson" in eastern Norway. His father, Harald, was murdered in 1136 by the pretender Sigurd Slembe. The one-year-old Inge was named king at the thing of "Borgarting" near Sarpsborg. His two half-brothers, also infants, Magnus and Sigurd, were also named king at other things. Their respective guardians joined forces against Sigurd Slembe and his ally, the former king Magnus the Blind. In 1139, they were defeated and killed at the Battle of Holmengrå. According to the sagas Morkinskinna and Heimskringla, Inge’s infirmity stemmed from having been carried into battle by one of his guardians during a battle in 1137: “"...his back was knotted into a hump, and the one foot was shorter than the other; and he was besides so infirm that he could scarcely walk as long as he lived."” The Danish chronicler Saxo Grammaticus offers the alternative explanation that he became a hunchback after having been dropped on the floor by a maid during infancy. During the minority of Inge, Sigurd and Magnus, the country was ruled in peace by their guardians, prominent among whom was Inge’s mother, queen Ingiriðr. Magnus, of whom little more is known, died at some point in the 1140s. In 1142, a fourth, older brother, Eystein, came to Norway from Scotland, where he had grown up. Harald Gille had acknowledged Eystein as a son before his death, and Eystein was therefore given a share of the kingdom.

paragraph: Section::::Adulthood and reign.

paragraph: The division of the kingdom does not seem to have been territorial, all brothers seem to have held equal regal status over all parts of the country. According to the sagas, relations between the brothers were peaceful as long as their guardians were alive. This period of their reign saw the establishment of an independent Norwegian Archiepiscopacy in Nidaros (Trondheim) in 1152. As their guardians died, and the brothers grew up, conflict broke out.

paragraph: In 1155, a meeting between the brothers in Bergen resulted in fighting breaking out between the men of king Inge and king Sigurd, in which king Sigurd was killed. King Eystein was late in arriving for the meeting, and only approached the city after Sigurd was already dead. An uneasy settlement was reached between Inge and Eystein. The reasons for the fighting in Bergen remain disputed. According to the sagas, Eystein and Sigurd had plotted to strip Inge of his royal title and divide his share of the kingdom between them. Some modern historians doubt this version, seeing it as Inge’s excuse for his own aggressive actions. In any event, peace between Inge and Eystein did not hold for long after the events of 1155. In 1157, both sides gathered their forces for a confrontation. Inge’s forces outnumbered Eystein’s, and when they met, on the west coast near Moster, Eystein’s forces melted away. Eystein was forced to flee, he was caught and killed in Bohuslän later the same year.

paragraph: Inge was now the last remaining brother. However, the supporters of Sigurd and Eystein united behind a son of Sigurd, Haakon the Broadshouldered. They renewed the fight against Inge. "Heimskringla" notes that Inge was popular among the “chieftains” – the lendmenn – because he allowed them a great say in the running of the kingdom. Foremost among his advisors was the "lendmann" Gregorius Dagsson, another prominent supporter was Erling Skakke. The king’s mother, who survived her son, also appears to have remained influential throughout his reign.

paragraph: 7 January 1161, Gregorius was killed in a skirmish with king Haakon’s forces.

paragraph: On 3 February the same year, Inge was defeated and killed, leading his men into battle against King Haakon near Oslo, after many of his men, led by his vassal Guðrøðr Óláfsson, the exiled King of the Isles, defected to King Haakon’s side. He was buried in St. Hallvard’s church in Oslo.

paragraph: Section::::Aftermath.

paragraph: The period of peace during the minority of king Inge and his brothers – from 1129 until 1155 - was the longest peaceful period Norway was to see until 1240, as the dispute between the brothers ushered in the Norwegian civil war era. "Heimskringla" describes Inge thus:

paragraph: After Inge’s fall, his supporters rallied behind the lendmann Erling Skakke and his son, king Magnus Erlingsson. This party is sometimes referred to as the "lendmann-party". The sagas of king Inge do not mention any offspring, but one of the pretenders against king Sverre, Jon Kuvlung (died 1188), claimed to be Inge’s son.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: The main sources to Inge’s reign are the kings’ sagas Heimskringla, Fagrskinna, Morkinskinna and Ágrip. The three former base at least part of their account on the older saga Hryggjarstykki, which was written some time between 1150 and 1170, and was thus a near-contemporary source. This saga itself has not been preserved.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matthew James Driscoll (ed.); (1995). "Agrip Af Noregskonungasogum". Viking Society for Northern Research.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kari Ellen Gade & Theodore Murdock Andersson (eds.); (2000) "[Morkinskinna: The Earliest Icelandic Chronicle of the Norwegian Kings (1030–1157)]". Cornell University Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alison Finlay; editor and translator (2004). "Fagrskinna, a Catalogue of the Kings of Norway". Brill Academic Publishers.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Snorri Sturluson; translator Lee M. Hollander (repr. 1991). "Heimskringla : History of the Kings of Norway". University of Texas Press.

description: Norwegian King

wikidata_label: Inge I of Norway

wikipedia_title: Inge I of Norway


text:
Genoa
Turin
Dante
Wagner
Michelangelo
classical Greek art
Castel Sant'Angelo
Sanremo
Mussolini
Venice Biennale
Quadrennial
National Gallery of Modern Art in Rome
Vatican Museums
Via Nomentana
Umberto Boccioni
Sibilla Aleramo
Gino Severini
Duilio Cambellotti
Ettore Ximenes
Sergio Corazzini

categories: Accademia Ligustica di Belle Arti alumni,Year of death missing,1877 births

paragraph: Giovanni Prini

paragraph: Giovanni Prini (1877) was an Italian sculptor.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Prini trained at the Academy of Fine Arts in Genoa.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He made his debut in Turin, in 1898, presenting the sculptural group "Le spose del Ligure".

paragraph: He moved to Rome in 1900 and in 1902 he was among the artists who announced themselves in the guidelines of the magazine "Novissima".

paragraph: Prini, a sensitive interpreter of the child's soul, sculpted groups of children who expressed great melancholy; images of a sad childhood that seemed burdened by a cruel fate. In this period he started the collaboration with Manifattura di Signa, for the production of ceramic sculptures, with children.

paragraph: In 1905 he exhibited, in a personal room of the Society of Amateurs and Cultori of Rome, sketches for the monuments of Dante and Wagner, charcoal drawings, bronzes with figures of children and oil on paper "Innamorati on a bench".

paragraph: He later opened up to social themes, influenced by Giovanni Cena. He tackled work themes and illustrated covers for the weekly "Avanti della Domenica". His bronze of 1907, entitled "The Blacksmith", entered the Quirinale collections.

paragraph: He was a popular and recognized artist when he created, in 1911, the bas-relief "The artist and the artistic battles" which is in Rome, in front of the National Gallery of Modern and Contemporary Art. It evokes the grandeur of Michelangelo, with suggestions of classical Greek art. For an exhibition in Castel Sant'Angelo, Prini rebuilt in a plastic form historical parades, drawn from ancient engravings.

paragraph: Prini carved commissioned monuments, friezes of public buildings, portals, sepulchral chapels, statues, fountains. He created the bronze group of the baptismal font in the church of Sant'Eugenio, in Rome, and the "Pietà" that is in the crypt of Church of the Divine Wisdom, of the University of Rome "La Sapienza". In Sanremo he carved a luminous fountain dedicated to Mussolini, later destroyed.

paragraph: In 1923, he exhibited in Monza statues to decorate fountains, terracotta, colored statues and, with Vittorio Grassi, furnished the Music Room. At the Venice Biennale of 1930 he exhibited bronze statuettes in the jewellery section later n the hall of the Quadrennial of Rome, of 1948. His sculpture " Ritratto di bimba " is at the National Gallery of Modern Art in Rome. At the Vatican Museums (Collection of modern religious art) is preserved " Anna ", a bronze of 1939.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: He married Orazia Belsito, poet and painter, who opened Prini's home-studio, on Via Nomentana, to a select group of friends, intellectuals and artists, including Umberto Boccioni, the writer Sibilla Aleramo, the journalist/writer Giovanni Cena, Gino Severini, Duilio Cambellotti, the sculptor Ettore Ximenes and symbolist poet Sergio Corazzini.

wikidata_label: Giovanni Prini

wikipedia_title: Giovanni Prini


text:
mathematician
Edinburgh Mathematical Society
University of Aberdeen
George Watson's College
Edinburgh
Allan Glen's School
Glasgow
pleurisy
South Africa
Marjory Kennedy-Fraser
David Kennedy Fraser
Edinburgh Mathematical Society

categories: 19th-century Scottish people,19th-century mathematicians

paragraph: Alexander Yule Fraser

paragraph: Alexander (Alec) Yule Fraser (1857–1890) was a Scottish mathematician, one of the founders of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society.

paragraph: Section::::Life and work.

paragraph: Fraser studied at the University of Aberdeen where he graduated in 1881. After that, he was appointed Mathematical Master at George Watson's College (Edinburgh). In 1889 he was appointed Headmaster at Allan Glen's School (Glasgow) but he remained only two months because a severe pleurisy forced him to leave Scotland going to South Africa in search of a better climate. Back to Scotland, his health deteriorated rapidly and died in Glasgow thirty three years old.

paragraph: Alec married the singer Marjory Kennedy-Fraser in 1887 and they had a couple, David (1888–1962) and Helen Patuffa (1889–1967). David Kennedy Fraser became a psychologist, educator and amateur mathematician. Patuffa was a singer and musician, as her mother.

paragraph: Fraser is mainly remembered for being one of the founding fathers of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society.

description: Born: 3 May 1857 in Cargill, near Perth, Scotland; Died: 9 November 1890 in Glasgow, Scotland

wikidata_label: Alexander Fraser

wikipedia_title: Alexander Yule Fraser


text:
Portuguese
experimental
electronic
Terrain Ahead
IVVVO's Discography
Discogs.com

categories: Portuguese musicians,1989 births,Experimental musicians,Living people

paragraph: IVVVO

paragraph: IVVVO is a Portuguese experimental electronic musician and co-founder of the record label Terrain Ahead. His music has been released by a number of different labels, including Opal Tapes and Halcyon Veil.

paragraph: Section::::Terrain Ahead.

paragraph: Founded by the hands of Ivo Pacheco (IVVVO), Luis Dourado (Purple) and Tiago Carneiro (Solution) in late 2010, Terrain Ahead was the cradle of a new generation of electronic musicians that emerged in Oporto. With a distinct logo and an unusual sonority that began to make an impression on the nights of their hometown, Terrain Ahead slowly earned its place as one of the avant garde labels to keep an eye on. This was the environment in which IVVVO grew as an artist, giving him the tools to explore the sounds of electronic music in all its diversity and in an assertive way.

paragraph: Section::::Terrain Ahead.:Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Occult" (moun10, 2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "All Shades Of White" (Opal Tapes, 2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Prince of Grunge" (Nyx Unchained, 2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "doG" (Halcyon Veil, 2019)

paragraph: Section::::Terrain Ahead.:EPs and singles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Here" EP (Terrain Ahead, 2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Just Love You" EP (Terrain Ahead, 2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Future" EP (Public Information, 2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Light Moving' EP (Fourth Wave, 2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Theories of Anxiety" EP (Danse Noire, 2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mark Leckey Made Me Hardcore" EP (Crème Organization, 2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Good, Bad, Baby, Horny" EP (Halcyon Veil, 2017)

paragraph: Section::::Terrain Ahead.:Other Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dead Cities Vol.1 (One Eyed Jacks, 2012)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- IVVVO's Discography at Discogs.com

description: Portuguese musician

wikidata_label: IVVVO

wikipedia_title: IVVVO


text:
Leiden
Dutch
beach volleyball
Robert Meeuwsen

categories: Dutch men's beach volleyball players,Olympic medalists in volleyball,Medalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics,Olympic bronze medalists for the Netherlands,Olympic beach volleyball players of the Netherlands,1989 births,Sportspeople from Leiden,Beach volleyball players at the 2016 Summer Olympics,Living people

paragraph: Alexander Brouwer

paragraph: Alexander Brouwer (born 3 November 1989 in Leiden) is a Dutch male beach volleyball player. He is the 2013 World Champion alongside his team mate Robert Meeuwsen.

description: Dutch beach volleyball player

wikidata_label: Alexander Brouwer

wikipedia_title: Alexander Brouwer


text:
Chișinău
Moldova
Moldova
alternative rock
Gândul Mâței
Moldova are talent
Got Talent
Chișinău
Profile
Biography
VIP Magazin

categories: Moldovan male singers,Musicians from Chișinău,Moldovan rock musicians,1977 births,Living people

paragraph: Nicu Țărnă

paragraph: Nicu Țărnă (born July 25, 1977 in Chișinău, Moldova) is a musician, actor, songwriter, showman, and TV presenter from Moldova. He is the lead vocalist for the Moldovan alternative rock band Gândul Mâței.

paragraph: Since 2013 summer, he is one of three judges of show Moldova are talent (Got Talent – Moldovan version).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Nicu Țărnă was born July 25, 1977 in Chișinău, Moldova. He graduated Moldovan Academy of Music, Theatre and Arts.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Personal life.

paragraph: On June 20, 2013 he married Cristina Cojocaru, an expert at Moldovan National Anticorruption Center.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile at Facebook

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography at VIP Magazin

description: Moldovan singer

wikidata_label: Nicu Țărnă

wikipedia_title: Nicu Țărnă


text: physicist

text: National Bureau of Standards

text: Atomic Spectroscopy

text: Cullman, Alabama

text: University of Richmond

text: Princeton University

text: Allen Shenstone

text: Albert Einstein

text: National Bureau of Standards

text: NBS

text: hydrogen

text: atomic number

text: actinium

text: atomic number

text: cerium

text: atomic number

text: lutetium

text: atomic number

text: cerium

text: sodium

text: magnesium

text: aluminum

text: silicon

text: phosphorus

text: sulfur

text: atomic number

text: nickel

text: atomic number

text: World Wide Web

text: hydrogen

text: einsteinium

text: atomic number

text: helium

text: Department of Commerce Silver Medal

text: Department of Commerce Gold Medal

text: William F. Meggers Award

text: Optical Society of America

text: Allen V. Astin

text: American Physical Society

categories: Fellows of the American Physical Society,2013 deaths,Princeton University alumni,1929 births,University of Richmond alumni,People from Cullman, Alabama,Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science,Fellows of the Optical Society,American physicists

paragraph: William Clyde Martin Jr.

paragraph: William Clyde Martin Jr. (November 27, 1929 – September 15, 2013) was an American physicist. After receiving his Ph.D. degree from Princeton University in 1956, he joined the staff of the National Bureau of Standards (NBS: now NIST, the National Institute of Standards and Technology), where he was employed until his retirement in 1998. As Chief of the NBS Atomic Spectroscopy Section (and its successor organizations) from 1962 to 1998, he led the development of its reference data resources on the spectra of rare-earth elements, substantially increased its coverage of highly excited and ionized species, and pioneered the publication of NIST Standard Reference Data on the internet.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Martin was in born in Cullman, Alabama on November 27, 1929. He received a B.S. degree in physics from the University of Richmond in 1951, and an M.A. (1953) and Ph.D. (1956) in physics from Princeton University. His Ph.D. supervisor at Princeton was Allen Shenstone. As a student at Princeton, he had some encounters with Albert Einstein, who lived near his lodgings. Martin served as an instructor in physics at Princeton during 1955–1957. In 1957 he was hired as a physicist by the National Bureau of Standards, where he spent the rest of his career, retiring in 1998 and remaining active as an emeritus member of staff until his death in 2013.

paragraph: In 1959 he married Dolores Moyano. They had two sons, Eric B. Martin and Christian B. Martin.

paragraph: Section::::Scientific Contributions.

paragraph: In 1962, Martin was appointed Chief of the NBS Atomic Spectroscopy Section (later renamed the Atomic Spectroscopy Group), and his most influential work was done in that capacity and during his subsequent leadership of its successor organizations until 1998.

paragraph: The generation, curation and publication of critically evaluated data on atomic energy levels was a major scientific activity of NBS when Martin joined its staff.

paragraph: That program had resulted in the publication of three landmark monographs Widely known in the spectroscopy community as "Charlotte Moore's tables", these monographs, which have been cited over 10,000 times in the scientific literature, tabulated the energies and other properties of atomic energy levels of the elements from hydrogen (atomic number "Z" = 1) through actinium (atomic number "Z" = 89), except for the rare-earth elements, cerium (atomic number "Z" = 58) through lutetium (atomic number "Z" = 71).

paragraph: Martin began a long project of analysis of the spectra of the rare earths that resulted in numerous research publications and a fourth monograph,

paragraph: that completed the NBS coverage of the periodic table up to the actinide series. In 1963, he established that the ground level of atomic cerium is of the form 6"s"5"d"4"f" G°, in standard notation.

paragraph: At the time, it was widely believed that the ground electronic configuration of this element was 6"s"4"f", an error that could still be found in reference sources fifty years later.

paragraph: In the 1970s and 1980s, basic scientific advances, such as laser and plasma spectroscopy, and user needs, particularly those of the nuclear fusion and astrophysics communities, were generating vast quantities of new atomic spectral data and additional data needs, notably those associated with highly excited or ionized species. Martin and his co-workers initiated analyses that covered data from all ions of most second-row elements in the periodic table:

paragraph: BULLET::::- sodium.

paragraph: BULLET::::- magnesium.

paragraph: BULLET::::- aluminum.

paragraph: BULLET::::- silicon.

paragraph: BULLET::::- phosphorus.

paragraph: BULLET::::- sulfur.

paragraph: The culminating effort of this period was a major atomic spectral compilation, issued in print by NBS in 1985 under Martin's supervision: a 664-page compilation of all data known then, for all ionization stages of the elements potassium (atomic number "Z" = 19) through nickel (atomic number "Z" = 28).

paragraph: At that time it was clear that the vast expansion of atomic data could no longer be adequately disseminated by print publications alone. Many NIST data publications had been converted to magnetic storage media, which could be purchased from the NIST Standard Reference Data Program. In the early 1990s, perceiving the potential of the World Wide Web, Martin persuaded NIST management to allow free distribution of NIST atomic data on the internet. This was the first foray of NIST into free online data distribution, which remains in place today and has since been followed by other NIST data resources.

paragraph: The most comprehensive of the NIST atomic data products is the "NIST Atomic Spectra Database" (ASD). First placed online in March, 1995, it was serving about 60,000 page requests per month in late 2013. In addition to his many contributions to ASD, Martin was coauthor of "The Handbook of Basic Atomic Spectroscopic Data", which contains data on spectra of neutral atoms and singly charged ions of all elements from hydrogen through einsteinium (atomic number "Z" = 99). He was also the architect of the NIST "Periodic Table: Atomic Properties of the Elements", which has had over 100,000 copies distributed in its print version as of 2013.

paragraph: Another of Martin's abiding concerns was the accurate description of the spectrum of atomic helium. This spectrum is of particular importance as a calibration reference, a benchmark for theoretical calculations of atomic structure and of quantum electrodynamics effects in atoms, and for applications in astrophysics. Martin's publications on this spectrum, beginning in his early years at NBS and spanning five decades, remain the definitive sources of reference data as of 2013.

paragraph: Section::::Honors.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Department of Commerce Silver Medal (1968)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Department of Commerce Gold Medal (1981)

paragraph: BULLET::::- William F. Meggers Award, Optical Society of America (1983)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Allen V. Astin Measurement Science Award, National Institute of Standards and Technology (1992)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Office of Measurement Services Award, National Institute of Standards and Technology (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fellow, American Physical Society

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fellow, Optical Society of America

description: American physicist

wikidata_label: William Clyde Martin

wikipedia_title: William Clyde Martin Jr.


text:
Rome
Chet Baker
Francesco De Gregori
Edoardo Bennato
Bob Marley
Gabriele Salvatores
Marrakech Express
On Tour
Roberto Ciotti
Discogs

categories: Musicians from Rome,2013 deaths,Italian blues musicians,Italian film score composers,Male film score composers,Blues guitarists,Italian guitarists,20th-century Italian musicians,Male guitarists,1953 births,20th-century guitarists

paragraph: Roberto Ciotti

paragraph: Roberto Ciotti (20 February 1953 – 31 December 2013) was an Italian blues musician, composer and guitarist.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Ciotti was born in Rome. He began playing the guitar at the age of 12. From 1970 to 1972 he was a member of the jazz band Blue Morning, then he started a career as a sideman, collaborating with Chet Baker, Francesco De Gregori and Edoardo Bennato, among others.

paragraph: His debut solo album, "Supergasoline Blues", was released in 1978. In 1980, he opened for Bob Marley during the reggae artist's Italian leg of his tour. In 1989 Ciotti got critical and commercial success when he scored the soundtrack of Gabriele Salvatores's Oscar winning film "Marrakech Express". Ciotti and Salvatores would collaborate again two years later in "On Tour". After the 2002 album "Behind the Door" Ciotti devoted himself mainly to live gigs. In 2006 he published his autobiography, "Unplugged", in which he recounted the difficulty of staying true to the spirit of the blues without succumbing to the lure of show business and easy money.

paragraph: Ciotti died, aged 60, following a long illness, on December 31, 2013.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Album.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Supergasoline Blues" (1978, Cramps, 5205 751)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bluesman" (1979, Cramps, 5205 752)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Rockin' Blues" (1982, RCA Italiana)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " No More Blue" (1989)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Road'n'Rail" (1992)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Marrakech Express - Turné" (1992)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " King of Nothing" (1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Changes"(1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Walking" (1999, Il Manifesto)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Behind the Door" (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Troubles & Dreams" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Equilibrio Precario" (2013)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roberto Ciotti at Discogs

description: musician

wikidata_label: Roberto Ciotti

wikipedia_title: Roberto Ciotti


text: eighth Governor

text: U.S. state

text: North Carolina

text: New Bern

text: Province of North Carolina

text: Ireland

text: University of Glasgow

text: William Caswell

text: American Revolutionary War

text: Craven County Regiment

text: New Bern District Brigade

text: Confederation Congress

text: North Carolina House of Commons

text: Speaker of the House

text: Philadelphia Convention

text: U.S. Constitution

text: George Washington

text: North Carolina Constitution

text: United States Senate

text: United States Constitution

text: Raleigh

text: University of North Carolina

text: United States House of Representatives

text: Nathan Bryan

text: Democratic-Republican

text: Thomas Jefferson

text: North Carolina Senate

text: John Stanly

text: Federalist

text: Richard Dobbs Spaight Jr.

text: Richard Spaight Donnell

text: Madison, Wisconsin

categories: North Carolina Federalists,Politicians from New Bern, North Carolina,Governors of North Carolina,Federalist Party state governors of the United States,Members of the United States House of Representatives from North Carolina,1802 deaths,1758 births,Continental Congressmen from North Carolina,18th-century American politicians,Members of the North Carolina House of Representatives,Signers of the United States Constitution,Democratic-Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives,Federalist Party members of the United States House of Representatives,American politicians killed in duels,North Carolina Democratic-Republicans

paragraph: Richard Dobbs Spaight

paragraph: Richard Dobbs Spaight (March 25, 1758September 6, 1802) was the eighth Governor of the U.S. state of North Carolina from 1792 to 1795.:

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Spaight was born in New Bern in the Province of North Carolina, the son of the Secretary of the Crown in the colony and grand-nephew of the Royal Governor, Arthur Dobb. Orphaned at the age of eight, Spaight was sent to live with his Dobbs relatives at Carrickfergus in northern Ireland Ireland and later followed his cousin Richard Dobbs to the University of Glasgow.

paragraph: Section::::Revolutionary War.

paragraph: In 1778, Spaight returned to North Carolina and served as an aide to General William Caswell during the American Revolutionary War until 1781. He was a Lieutenant Colonel in the Craven County Regiment under Colonel John Tilman in 17801781. The Craven County Regiment was under the New Bern District Brigade commanded by Brigadier General William Caswell from 1779 to 1783.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.

paragraph: The General Assembly elected Spaight a delegate to the Confederation Congress between 1782 and 1785; he then served in the North Carolina House of Commons from 1785 to 1787, and was named Speaker of the House. In 1787, Spaight was a delegate to the Philadelphia Convention that drafted the U.S. Constitution, and he signed the document when he was only 29 years old.

paragraph: On March 24, 1788, Spaight married Mary Leach; Mary had the distinction of being the first lady to dance with George Washington at a ball in Washington’s honor at Tryon Palace in New Bern in 1791.

paragraph: Under the North Carolina Constitution of 1776, Spaight was nominated for governor in 1787, but was defeated by a majority in the General Assembly; he was nominated for the United States Senate in 1789 and was again defeated. In 1788, he was a member of the state convention which voted not to ratify the United States Constitution, although Spaight himself supported ratification.

paragraph: Spaight retired from politics for several years due to ill health; he returned to the state House of Representatives in 1792. Also in 1792, he was elected the first native-born governor of North Carolina, and later re-elected by the General Assembly for two further one-year terms.

paragraph: During Spaight's term as governor, sites were chosen for the new state capital of Raleigh and the newly chartered University of North Carolina. Spaight served as chair of the university's board of trustees during his term as governor. Spaight stepped down as governor in 1795, having served the constitutional limit of three one-year terms.

paragraph: Spaight was elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1798, filling the unexpired term of Nathan Bryan; he was elected to a two-year term in 1799, serving until 1801, and though elected as a Federalist, his views on states rights led him to become associated with the Democratic-Republican party of Thomas Jefferson. He lost his bid for re-election to Congress, but returned to state government, serving in the North Carolina Senate beginning in 1801.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Spaight died on September 6, 1802, following injuries sustained in a duel with John Stanly, the Federalist Congressman who had defeated him in the election of 1800 for the House of Representatives. Spaight is buried at the Clermont Estate Cemetery near his home town of New Bern, Craven Co., North Carolina. Refer to his Findagrave Memorial #4726.

paragraph: Section::::Family and legacy.

paragraph: Spaight was the father of North Carolina governor Richard Dobbs Spaight Jr. and the grandfather of U.S. Representative Richard Spaight Donnell.

paragraph: Spaight Street in central Madison, Wisconsin, is named in honor of Richard Spaight. Most of the main streets in downtown Madison are named after signers of the United States Constitution.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Biographical Directory of the Governors of the United States,", and John Raimo, eds. Westport, CT: Meckler Books, 1978. (ISBN)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1824 For Votes cast in Federal, State and Local elections in the Early Republic.

description: American politician (1758-1802)

wikidata_label: Richard Dobbs Spaight

wikipedia_title: Richard Dobbs Spaight


text: naval

text: aviator

text: electrical engineer

text: NASA

text: astronaut

text: Space Shuttle

text: Manned Maneuvering Unit

text: Boston, Massachusetts

text: Bruce McCandless

text: Willis W. Bradley

text: Woodrow Wilson Senior High School

text: Long Beach, California

text: B.S.

text: United States Naval Academy

text: National Security Advisor

text: John Poindexter

text: John McCain

text: M.S.

text: electrical engineering

text: Stanford University

text: M.B.A.

text: University of Houston–Clear Lake

text: Naval Air Training Command

text: Naval Air Station Pensacola

text: Naval Air Station Kingsville

text: United States Naval Aviator

text: Naval Air Station Key West

text: Douglas F4D-1 Skyray

text: McDonnell Douglas F-4B Phantom II

text: Cuban Missile Crisis

text: flight instructor

text: Naval Air Station Oceana

text: Virginia

text: Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps

text: Stanford University

text: Lockheed T-33B Shooting Star

text: Northrop T-38A Talon

text: Grumman F11F Tiger

text: Grumman F9F Cougar

text: Lockheed T-1 Seastar

text: Beechcraft T-34B Mentor

text: Bell 47

text: jet aircraft

text: NASA Astronaut Group 5

text: John W. Young

text: Don L. Lind

text: fourth

text: sixth

text: Deke Slayton

text: mission control capsule communicator

text: Apollo 11

text: EVA

text: Neil Armstrong

text: Buzz Aldrin

text: Apollo 14

text: Skylab

text: first crewed mission

text: Rusty Schweickart

text: Story Musgrave

text: Skylab 3

text: Skylab 4

text: Manned Maneuvering Unit

text: EVAs

text: mission specialist

text: Inertial Upper Stage

text: Hubble Space Telescope

text: Solar Maximum Repair Mission

text: International Space Station

text: "Challenger"

text: Kennedy Space Center

text: Florida

text: communications satellite

text: Manipulator Foot Restraint

text: spacewalk

text: Stewart

text: "Discovery"

text: spacewalk

text: Edwards Air Force Base

text: California

text: Lockheed Martin Space Systems

text: Alumni Association

text: United States Naval Institute

text: Association for Computing Machinery

text: National Audubon Society

text: fellow

text: American Astronautical Society

text: Houston

text: NASA Exceptional Service Medal

text: National Defense Service Medal

text: Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal

text: American Astronautical Society

text: Victor A. Prather

text: NASA Space Flight Medal

text: Defense Distinguished Service Medal

text: National Aeronautic Association

text: Collier Trophy

text: Smithsonian Institution

text: National Air and Space Museum Trophy

text: Legion of Merit

text: International Space Hall of Fame

text: United States Astronaut Hall of Fame

text: patent

text: Space Shuttle

text: electronics

text: photography

text: scuba diving

text: flying

text: cross-country skiing

text: "Smithsonian"

text: Dido

text: Safe Trip Home

text: Sony Music Entertainment

text: Getty Images

text: persona

text: United States Naval Academy Cemetery

text: List of spaceflight records

text: McCandless at Encyclopedia of Science

text: Bruce McCandelss famous spacewalk

categories: United States Naval Academy alumni,Collier Trophy recipients,Recipients of the Legion of Merit,United States Navy officers,United States Astronaut Hall of Fame inductees,Wilson Classical High School alumni,American electrical engineers,Engineers from California,American astronauts,People from Long Beach, California,Burials at the United States Naval Academy Cemetery,American flight instructors,People from Boston,University of Houston–Clear Lake alumni,Military personnel from Massachusetts,Recipients of the NASA Exceptional Service Medal,Stanford University alumni,2017 deaths,Recipients of the Defense Distinguished Service Medal,American people of Scotch-Irish descent,1937 births,United States Navy astronauts,United States Naval Aviators,Aviators from Massachusetts

paragraph: Bruce McCandless II

paragraph: Bruce McCandless II (June 8, 1937 – December 21, 2017) was a U.S. naval officer and aviator, electrical engineer, and NASA astronaut. In 1984, during the first of his two Space Shuttle missions, he made the first untethered free flight by using the Manned Maneuvering Unit.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: McCandless was born on June 8, 1937, in Boston, Massachusetts. A third generation U.S. Navy officer, McCandless was the son of Bruce McCandless and grandson of Willis W. Bradley, both Medal of Honor recipients. He graduated from Woodrow Wilson Senior High School, Long Beach, California, in 1954.

paragraph: In 1958, he received a B.S. from the United States Naval Academy, graduating second, behind future National Security Advisor John Poindexter, in a class of 899 that also included John McCain. During his professional career, he also received an M.S. in electrical engineering from Stanford University in 1965 and an M.B.A. from the University of Houston–Clear Lake in 1987.

paragraph: Section::::United States Navy.

paragraph: Following his commissioning, McCandless received flight training from the Naval Air Training Command at Naval Air Station Pensacola, Florida, and Naval Air Station Kingsville, Texas.

paragraph: In March 1960, he was designated a United States Naval Aviator and proceeded to Naval Air Station Key West for weapons system and carrier landing training in the Douglas F4D-1 Skyray.

paragraph: Between December 1960 and February 1964, he was assigned to Fighter Squadron 102 (VF-102), flying the Skyray and the McDonnell Douglas F-4B Phantom II. He saw duty aboard and , including the latter's participation in the Cuban Missile Crisis.

paragraph: For three months in early 1964, he was an instrument flight instructor in Attack Squadron 43 (VA-43) at Naval Air Station Oceana, Virginia, and then reported to the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps Unit at Stanford University for graduate studies in electrical engineering.

paragraph: During Naval service he gained flying proficiency in the Lockheed T-33B Shooting Star, Northrop T-38A Talon, McDonnell Douglas F-4B Phantom II, Douglas F4D Skyray, Grumman F11F Tiger, Grumman F9F Cougar, Lockheed T-1 Seastar, and Beechcraft T-34B Mentor, and the Bell 47G helicopter.

paragraph: He logged more than 5,200 hours flying time, including 5,000 hours in jet aircraft.

paragraph: Section::::NASA career.

paragraph: At the age of 28, McCandless was selected as the youngest member of NASA Astronaut Group 5 (labelled the "Original Nineteen" by John W. Young) in April 1966. According to space historian Matthew Hersch, McCandless and Group 5 colleague Don L. Lind were "effectively treated ... as scientist-astronauts" (akin to those selected in the fourth and sixth groups) by NASA due to their substantial scientific experience, an implicit reflection of their lack of the test pilot experience highly valued by Deke Slayton and other NASA managers at the time; this would ultimately delay their progression in the flight rotation.

paragraph: He served as mission control capsule communicator (CAPCOM) on Apollo 11 during the first lunar moonwalk (EVA) by Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin before joining the astronaut support crew for the Apollo 14 mission, on which he doubled as a CAPCOM. Thereafter, McCandless was reassigned to the Skylab program, where he received his first crew assignment as backup pilot for the space station's first crewed mission alongside backup commander Rusty Schweickart and backup science pilot Story Musgrave. Following this assignment, he again served as a CAPCOM on Skylab 3 and Skylab 4. Notably, McCandless was a co-investigator on the M-509 astronaut maneuvering unit experiment that was flown on Skylab; this eventually led to his collaboration on the development of the Manned Maneuvering Unit (MMU) used during Space Shuttle EVAs. Although he was classified as a Shuttle pilot until 1983, McCandless ultimately chose to work on the MMU as a mission specialist due to the prestige of the program (which ensured a flight assignment) and his lack of test pilot experience.

paragraph: He was responsible for crew inputs to the development of hardware and procedures for the Inertial Upper Stage (IUS), Hubble Space Telescope, the Solar Maximum Repair Mission, and the International Space Station program.

paragraph: McCandless logged over 312 hours in space, including four hours of MMU flight time. He flew as a mission specialist on STS-41-B and STS-31.

paragraph: Section::::NASA career.:STS-41-B.

paragraph: "Challenger" launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, on February 3, 1984. The flight deployed two communications satellites, and flight-tested rendezvous sensors and computer programs for the first time.

paragraph: This mission marked the first checkout of the MMU and Manipulator Foot Restraint (MFR). McCandless made the first untethered free flight on each of the two MMUs carried on board, thereby becoming the first person to make an untethered spacewalk. He described the experience,

paragraph: I was grossly over-trained. I was just anxious to get out there and fly. I felt very comfortable ... It got so cold my teeth were chattering and I was shivering, but that was a very minor thing. ... I'd been told of the quiet vacuum you experience in space, but with three radio links saying, 'How's your oxygen holding out?', 'Stay away from the engines!' and 'When's my turn?', it wasn't that peaceful ... It was a wonderful feeling, a mix of personal elation and professional pride: it had taken many years to get to that point.

paragraph: McCandless's first EVA lasted 6 hours and 17 minutes. The second EVA (in which Stewart used the MMU), lasted 5 hours and 55 minutes.

paragraph: On February 11, 1984, after eight days in orbit, "Challenger" made the first landing on the runway at Kennedy Space Center.

paragraph: Section::::NASA career.:STS-31.

paragraph: On this five-day "Discovery" flight, launched on April 24, 1990, from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, the crew deployed the Hubble Space Telescope from their record-setting altitude of .

paragraph: During the deployment of Hubble, one of the observatory's solar arrays stopped as it unfurled. While ground controllers searched for a way to command HST to unreel the solar array, Mission Specialists McCandless and Sullivan began preparing for a contingency spacewalk in the event that the array could not be deployed through ground control. The array eventually came free and unfurled through ground control, while McCandless and Sullivan were pre-breathing inside the partially depressurized airlock.

paragraph: "Discovery" landed at Edwards Air Force Base, California, on April 29, 1990.

paragraph: Section::::After NASA.

paragraph: After retiring from NASA in 1990, McCandless worked for Lockheed Martin Space Systems.

paragraph: Section::::Organizations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- United States Naval Academy Alumni Association (class of 1958)

paragraph: BULLET::::- United States Naval Institute

paragraph: BULLET::::- Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

paragraph: BULLET::::- American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Association for Computing Machinery

paragraph: BULLET::::- National Audubon Society

paragraph: He was a fellow of the American Astronautical Society and former president of the Houston Audubon Society.

paragraph: Section::::Awards and honors.

paragraph: BULLET::::- NASA Exceptional Service Medal (1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- National Defense Service Medal (1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal (1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- American Astronautical Society Victor A. Prather Award (1975 and 1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NASA Space Flight Medal (1984)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Defense Distinguished Service Medal (1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NASA Exceptional Engineering Achievement Medal (1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- National Aeronautic Association Collier Trophy (1984)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Smithsonian Institution National Air and Space Museum Trophy (1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Legion of Merit (1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- International Space Hall of Fame (1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- United States Astronaut Hall of Fame (2005)

paragraph: He was awarded a patent for the design of a tool tethering system that was used during Space Shuttle spacewalks.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: McCandless was married to Bernice Doyle McCandless (1934–2014) for 53 years, and the couple had two children: Bruce III (born August 15, 1961) and Tracy (born July 13, 1963). His recreational interests included electronics, photography, scuba diving, and flying. He also enjoyed cross-country skiing.

paragraph: In an August 2005 "Smithsonian" magazine article about the MMU photo, McCandless is quoted as saying that the subject's anonymity is its best feature. "I have the sun visor down, so you can't see my face, and that means it could be anybody in there. It's sort of a representation not of Bruce McCandless, but mankind."

paragraph: On September 30, 2010, McCandless launched a lawsuit against British singer Dido for unauthorized use of a photo of his 1984 space flight for the album art of her 2008 album "Safe Trip Home", which showed McCandless “free flying” about 320 feet away from the Space Shuttle "Challenger". The lawsuit, which also named Sony Corp.'s Sony Music Entertainment and Getty Images as defendants, did not allege copyright infringement but infringement of his persona. The action was settled amicably on January 14, 2011.

paragraph: McCandless wrote the foreword to the book "Live TV from Orbit" by Dwight Steven-Boniecki.

paragraph: McCandless died on December 21, 2017, at age 80. He is survived by his second wife, Ellen Shields McCandless, two children and two grandchildren.

paragraph: McCandless was buried at the United States Naval Academy Cemetery at Annapolis on January 16, 2018.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: John McCain, who graduated from the United States Naval Academy with McCandless in the class of 1958, stated after McCandless' death:

paragraph: The iconic photo of Bruce soaring effortlessly in space has inspired generations of Americans to believe that there is no limit to the human potential.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of spaceflight records

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Astronautix biography of Bruce McCandless

paragraph: BULLET::::- McCandless at Encyclopedia of Science

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bruce McCandelss famous spacewalk NASA channel on YouTube

description: American astronaut

wikidata_label: Bruce McCandless II

wikipedia_title: Bruce McCandless II