text:
London
Kuwait
Roland
DJ Sasha
Global Underground
Ableton
11.6
Philippe Godeau
Stephane Pompougnac
Hôtel Costes, Vol. 15
Persian Gulf
Middle East
London
UK
Hype Machine
Red Bull
Kingston
Ramallah
Beirut
Bombay
pearl diving
Dub
Experimental
Bob Marley
Kingston, Jamaica
Europe
Asia
North America
Sharjah
Persian Gulf
Dubai
RBMA
RBMA
Muscat, Oman
Boiler Room
London Live
music producer
Fatima Al Qadiri
Red Bull Music Academy
Dubai
Doug Aitken
Barbican Centre
The Vinyl Factory
Egypt
Lebanon
India
HVOB
Austria
Middle Eastern
South Eastern
Grammy-Award
Joss Stone
UK
TodaysArt
Kuwait City
The Era
Dubai
Ash Koosha
Cologne
Germany
Entrepreneurship
Nuqat
Kuwait
Dubai
pearl diving
Persian Gulf
The Middle East
civil society organisations
Kuwait
Kingston, Jamaica
Rich Mix
Harvard University
Bauhaus
Walter Gropius
India
Air India
New Delhi
Gulf War
Boston University
Official website
Social impact

categories: Kuwaiti artists,Kuwaiti musicians,Social entrepreneurs,Year of birth missing (living people)

paragraph: Zahed Sultan

paragraph: Zahed Sultan is a London based multimedia artist and entrepreneur from Kuwait. He has performed and presented his work internationally. Sultan is particularly known for his live audio-visual-dance performances.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.:Career beginnings.

paragraph: Sultan began his career at the age of 14 as a DJ for both mixed and segregated parties in Kuwait. During his time in college, he worked as a promoter for nightclubs around Boston, MA (US). Sultan wrote his first track at the age of 22, using a PC and an analog Roland sampler to program and sequence the song. Several years later, he created a small body of work entitled "illusive" for a local exhibition in Kuwait. At 25, Sultan won 3rd place in DJ Sasha's "Involver" remix competition with Global Underground and Ableton. Sultan's remix was later signed by Sasha's label "Xpander" to the TV series (CSI).

paragraph: Section::::Music career.:Releases.

paragraph: Sultan released his debut album "Hi Fear, Lo Love" on April 1, 2011. Its first single, "I Saw Her, I Fell For Her" was licensed to the movie "11.6" directed by Philippe Godeau. Its second single, "I Want Her But I Don't Want Her" was featured on Stephane Pompougnac's internationally acclaimed "Hôtel Costes, Vol. 15" compilation and thus became the first modern track from the Persian Gulf area to be featured on a global music compilation. MTV Iggy featured Sultan's third single "Walkin Away" and highlighted Sultan as an emerging artist from the Middle East. On September 1, 2011, the album was followed up by the "Hi Fear, Lo Love Remix EP", featuring remixes of Sultan's work by emerging artists.

paragraph: In 2012, Sultan released an EP titled "Reuse Me" in conjunction with an annual exhibition organized by his organization (The en.v Initiative) in Kuwait entitled REUSE. The exhibition promotes eco-friendly living via creative mediums. The EP featured the song "Like This (Ha-Ka-Tha)" and won favorable reviews by a number of online magazines and blogs such as The East / West Sound. Later in 2013, Sultan was also featured on O2 Academy TV in London, UK.

paragraph: On September 16, 2014, "Ghazi", the first single of Sultan's sophomore album "eyeamsound" was released, providing a glimpse into the alternative electronic sound of the record. The second single, "Democrazy", was released on May 5, 2015 and the album "eyeamsound" itself was released worldwide on June 2, 2015. Musically, Sultan describes the songs on "eyeamsound" as having «a lot of texture and body to them». On the album, Sultan mostly sings in Arabic and English, with an additional song in broken "Spanglish". With titles like "Bedoon", the third single inspired by the life of stateless citizens, Sultan took a distinctively more socio-political route. Music from the album has been featured on Hype Machine and a short film released by Red Bull highlights his sound and live format. «Strengthening Sultan’s rapidly increasing discography», in September 2016 he released the single "Cake & Butter". «Venturing into the alt-rock genre in his own unique way,» Sultan's vocals on the song «bear some resemblance to the Lizard King himself, The Doors’ Jim Morrison.»

paragraph: Continuing his exploration of traditional pearl diving music from the Persian Gulf region, Sultan released the "Hiwar Sessions" EP on May 5, 2017. This body of work was created in collaboration with producers from cities such as Kingston, Ramallah, Beirut, and Bombay to reimagine pearl diving music through Dub and Experimental music. On September 14, 2018, Sultan released the soundtrack to his debut documentary effort "Vibrations" that was recorded at Bob Marley's Tuff Gong Studio in Kingston, Jamaica in collaboration with up and coming musicians from the Reggae and Dancehall scenes. "Mama Bamba" was the first single to be released from the "Vibrations" soundtrack in June 2017, followed by "Monkey Riddim" in May 2018.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.:Collaborations.

paragraph: Sultan puts a great focus on collaboration, in the studio and when performing live. He has worked with artists from around the world, including Europe, Asia and North America on various projects.

paragraph: One such project is "Hiwar", a two-week residency and final live performance in collaboration with The Heart of Sharjah association. «The intention for "Hiwar" was to explore the roots of pearl-diving music from the Persian Gulf region and discover musical bridges between traditions past and trends present.»

paragraph: "Hiwar" was then reproduced in Dubai on April 12, 2017, to kick off the inaugural RBMA Weekender in the Arab region, “re-contextualizing the application of ‘bahry’ culture within a present-day format.” Zahed premiered a short film related to the project, also entitled "Hiwar", alongside an in-depth interview with RBMA discussing “the utilitarian purpose of pearl-diving music, the evolution of related forms in the Gulf and how to celebrate cultural diversity without being a purist.” In late 2017, "Hiwar" was commissioned by a leading company in Muscat, Oman to re-imagine mountain, land and sea music from the country in collaboration with local talents through audio, visual and dance. In the Summer of 2018, Boiler Room 4:3 released a short film about the project. "Hiwar" continued to be developed and performed in 2018; presented at Abu Dhabi Festival in the Spring, the Sonic Arts Research Centre in Belfast using an immersive listening format, and at the Beirut Electro Parade in Paris in October 2018 using a high tempo, club format. In early 2019, Sultan did a live, multimedia performance of "Hiwar" in an IMAX theater in Kuwait.

paragraph: Section::::Music style.

paragraph: In an interview with London Live in 2015, Sultan described his music as «alternative electronic», using live instrumentation as well as electronic music to «fuse those worlds in a live scenario [and blur] the lines between analog and digital». Sultan's music and performance style continues to evolve using a cross-disciplinary approach.

paragraph: Section::::Music production.

paragraph: In addition to his own projects, Sultan has worked as a music producer for Saudi Arabian singer / songwriter "tamtam", on her debut single / remixes EP "Little Girl" in 2012 and her "Games" EP in 2014.

paragraph: In 2017, Sultan contributed to composer and conceptual-artist Fatima Al Qadiri's EP "Shaneera" as the vocals tracking engineer for the album at his recording studio in Kuwait, contributing to ″a safe space where they could be at ease″.

paragraph: Section::::Curating.

paragraph: In September 2013, Sultan attended the Red Bull Music Academy (RBMA) – Bass Camp in Dubai and has since collaborated with Red Bull frequently as a performing artist and as a music curator. Together with Red Bull - Kuwait, Sultan hosted the inaugural "RBMA Session – Kuwait" and launched an alternative Arab music festival titled «Kuwait Rising» in January 2015.

paragraph: In July 2015, Sultan was part of Doug Aitken's "Station to Station: A 30 Day Happening" at the Barbican Centre in London, UK for the Shubbak Festival. During a short on-site residency at the Barbican Art Gallery, Sultan created an «interactive audio-visual immersive experience», drawing from a series of live performances in the past, including released and unreleased music in collaboration with a number of artists from different disciplines. In October 2015, The Vinyl Factory released a short film on their website of Sultan's immersive performance at the Barbican Centre.

paragraph: In January 2016, Sultan hosted the "RBMA Session – Kuwait" which gathered 25 participants in a series of talks, educational workshops, and live jams. The Session included a second edition of the «Kuwait Rising» music festival which featured acts from Egypt, Lebanon, India and a headlining performance by HVOB from Austria. Sultan hosted a third edition of the festival in October 2016 featuring acts from the Middle Eastern and South Eastern regions. The fourth edition of the festival took place in April 2018 and was headlined by Grammy-Award winning artist Joss Stone (UK) amongst others.

paragraph: In April 2016, Sultan organised the REUSE multi-arts program in collaboration with TodaysArt in Kuwait City. REUSE attracted international artists like NONOTAK, The Era, and Norimichi Hirakawa to showcase their works in digital art, interactive media, music and performance. In April 2017, Sultan was commissioned to curate an edition of REUSE in collaboration with the RISE Festival in Dubai. Celebrating the future of living, the REUSE x RISE program featured performances, installations, and collaborations by artists who work with new media such as Chagall, Sandunes and Maurice Mikkers amongst others. In January 2019, Sultan was invited to curate a 3-month REUSE exhibition at The Scientific Center in Kuwait to raise awareness for Kuwait's environment, featuring local and international artists. The opening weekend was supported by live performances in the Center's IMAX theater by Zahed Sultan and Ash Koosha.

paragraph: In September 2017, Sultan was invited by UK music blog "Stamp The Wax" to create a City Guide to his favourite places in Kuwait along with a music mix of emerging talent from the country. ″Zahed is helping grow Kuwait's unique underground music scene and put the Arab city on the international alternative music scene's map.″

paragraph: Section::::Conferences.

paragraph: In August 2016, Sultan was a panelist at the C/O Pop Festival in Cologne, Germany, discussing Cultural Entrepreneurship and how to learn from the creative music industry. In November 2016, Sultan presented a performance talk at Nuqat entitled "The Institute of the Future" in collaboration with Kuwait-based experimental duo Bloom Tribe. In April 2017, Sultan presented a talk at the inaugural STEP Music Conference, Dubai, where he shared his inspiration and ideas behind his ongoing project on traditional pearl diving music from the Persian Gulf, "Hiwar".

paragraph: Section::::Other ventures.

paragraph: Section::::Other ventures.:Social impact.

paragraph: In 2008, Sultan co-founded "en.v", an organisation dedicated to fostering social development and civic engagement in The Middle East by empowering individuals and organisations. Its programs focus on building capacity and creating strategic networks among local civil society organisations (CSOs), youth initiatives, the private sector and governmental actors. Through collaborative efforts and educational outreach, "en.v" enables communities to identify and pursue innovative approaches to local and regional challenges. In November 2018, Sultan and "en.v" launched AWAKEN, a community building festival to bring people together from different backgrounds to think creatively about social issues in Kuwait.

paragraph: Section::::Other ventures.:Film.

paragraph: Having released a series of music videos and short films between 2011 and 2017, Sultan has completed his first documentary entitled "Vibrations" which he co-directed and executive produced. The film follows Sultan's journey as he re-imagines heritage music from Kuwait in the form of a cultural exchange with local youth in Kingston, Jamaica while emphasising the role social and political challenges played in forming a vibrant, creative community in the country today. "Vibrations" was shown at a special screening in May 2018 at Rich Mix, London and in November 2018 at the AWAKEN festival in Kuwait. Both screenings included a short performance and Q&A. The film has received a special mention award at the Scandinavian International Film Festival and official selections by the Brighton Rocks Film Festival and Amsterdam International Filmmaker Festival.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Sultan's father, Ghazi Sultan, is from Kuwait and studied at Harvard University under the Bauhaus-legend Walter Gropius and went on to co-found one of the largest architectural firms in the Middle East, KEO International Architects. He also co-founded a leading gallery for modern Arab art, Sultan Gallery. His mother, Aruna Sultan, is from India and is a landscape designer, «who championed the right of women to work onboard Air India at a time when the profession was considered disreputable». Sultan has two brothers, Nader Sultan and Tahir Sultan, who is a New Delhi based fashion designer. Sultan grew up in Kuwait except for a couple of years that he spent in India during the Gulf War. Sultan studied Business Administration at Boston University, and, after graduating, returned to Kuwait and worked at Agility. Soon after, he relocated to London to study Audio Engineering at the SAE Institute. He returned to Kuwait thereafter to work on music and his ventures.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Studio albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hi Fear, Lo Love" (2011), self-released

paragraph: BULLET::::- "eyeamsound" (2015), self-released

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:EPs.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hi Fear, Lo Love Remix EP" (2011), self-released

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Reuse Me" (2012), self-released

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hiwar Sessions" (2017), self-released

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vibrations" (2018), self-released

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Singles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ghazi" (2014), self-released

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Democrazy" (2015), self-released

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cake & Butter" (2016), self-released

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mama Bamba" (2017), self-released

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Monkey Riddim" (2018), self-released

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As a producer.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "tamtam" – "Little Girl" (2012), self-released

paragraph: BULLET::::- "tamtam" – "Games EP" (2014), self-released

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Social impact

wikidata_label: Zahed Sultan

wikipedia_title: Zahed Sultan


text:
Sidon
associated in power
shekel
grams
devaluing
currency
navy
Hellenized
Straton's Tower
Herod the Great
Ptolemaic Kingdom
Athens
Egypt
Achaemenid Empire
Tachos
Artaxerxes III
occupation
Tyre
Salamis, Cyprus
Tennes
Acropolis of Athens
IG II

categories: Rebellions against the Achaemenid Empire,Rulers in the Achaemenid Empire,4th-century BC rulers in Asia,Kings of Sidon

paragraph: Abdashtart I

paragraph: Abdashtart I (in Greek, Straton I), the son of Baalshillem II, ruled the Phoenician city-state of Sidon from 365 to 352 BC, having been associated in power by his father since the 380s.

paragraph: Section::::Reform.

paragraph: His accession appears to have taken place in a period of economic and political difficulty, since he immediately took 'emergency measures', reducing the precious metal-content of the Sidonian double shekel by two grams, thereby devaluing the Sidonian currency in his first year. He also expanded the currency, adding bronze coinage as well as silver, which funded the expansion of the Sidonian navy. It is supposed that he gave his name to the city known in the Hellenized world as Straton's Tower, which was later renamed Caesarea by Herod the Great. Joseph Patrich argues, however, that Straton's Tower may have been founded during the Ptolemaic Kingdom instead, in which case the naming may have been for a Ptolemaic general of the third century BC.

paragraph: Section::::Revolt against the Achaemenid Empire.

paragraph: Abdashtart formed diplomatic alliances with Athens and Egypt. Relying on his increased fleet, by 360 or 359 he felt strong enough to revolt against the Achaemenid Empire. Although the Persians were already fighting the Egyptians (whose Pharaoh Tachos had invaded Phoenicia), and although the rebels won two military victories against the generals of Artaxerxes III in 358 and 356, the revolt was suppressed in 355 and led to Persian occupation for the next four years, during which time the Sidonian currency was banned, minting privileges were stopped, and the Persian currency was forcibly introduced. The revolt has been described as 'a grave political error' for Abdashtart; not only did the Sidonians experience financial crisis and military repression, but they also lost swathes of territory to their neighbour, Tyre.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: The Persians left Abdashtart on the throne, and he proceeded to further diplomatic ties with Athens and Salamis, Cyprus, which had probably supported his revolt against Artaxerxes. Historians do not know whether he was the last of his dynasty, as it remains uncertain whether his known heir and successor, Tennes, was his son or some other close relative.

paragraph: Abdashtart was honoured by an inscription in the Acropolis of Athens (IG II 141):

wikidata_label: Abdashtart I

wikipedia_title: Abdashtart I


text: Oryol Governorate

text: Tashkent

text: Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic

text: Imperial Academy of Arts

text: Vladimir Makovsky

text: Realschule

text: Samarkand

text: Bukhara

text: Peredvizhniki

text: Russian Academy of Arts

text: feuilleton

text: Pravda Vostoka

text: anti-Soviet agitation

text: Joint State Political Directorate

text: Dushanbe

text: List of Orientalist artists

text: Orientalism

categories: Orientalist painters,1935 deaths,20th-century Russian painters,Russian internal exiles,People from Oryol Governorate,Russian male painters,1873 births,Cityscape artists

paragraph: Ivan Kazakov

paragraph: Ivan Semyonovich Kazakov (Russian: Иван Семёнович Казаков; (1 February 1873, Kasilova, Oryol Governorate - 16 October 1935, Tashkent) was a Russian painter and graphic artist; residing in the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was born to a family of farmers. From 1888 to 1894, he studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. He continued at the Imperial Academy of Arts under Vladimir Makovsky and was awarded the title of "Artist" in 1898.

paragraph: His title included a stipend to study abroad so, from 1899 through 1900, he travelled to Italy, France and Germany. Upon returning, he settled in Saint Petersburg. For the next decade, he was a frequent exhibitor there and in Moscow.

paragraph: In 1906, he requested and obtained a position as a teacher of drawing and calligraphy at the Realschule in Tashkent, which he held until 1910. While there he painted architectural landscapes in Samarkand and Bukhara as well as Tashkent. He also created a series of ethnographic sketches.

paragraph: He later taught at a regional art school and, in 1921, established his own studio. On several occasions, he helped organize and design revolutionary celebrations. During this time, he had showings at the first National Free Exhibition of Art in Saint Petersburg (then Petrograd), the 47th (penultimate) exhibit of the Peredvizhniki in Moscow (1922), and the first exhibit of the Tashkent branch of the Russian Academy of Arts, of which he was one of the founders (1928). From 1926 to 1930, he was an organizing member of the Tashkent branch of the Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia (AKhRR) and headed their studio.

paragraph: In 1930, a feuilleton about Kazakov and his fellow-artist, Yeremey Burtsev (1894-1942), appeared in "Pravda Vostoka". Its pseudonymous author accused them of having their students paint figures of Christ and Saint Paul and suggested that the AKhRR branch in Tashkent be investigated by "Glavprofobra" (the General Directorate of Vocational Education). This was done and the artists were charged with anti-Soviet agitation. A special board meeting by local members of the OGPU (Joint State Political Directorate) sentenced them to three years exile in Stalinabad (Dushanbe).

paragraph: Burtsev's exile was later extended. Kazakov returned in 1933 and spent his final years teaching at the Tashkent Polytechnic Institute.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Orientalist artists

paragraph: BULLET::::- Orientalism

description: Russian painter (1873-1935)

wikidata_label: Ivan Kazakov

wikipedia_title: Ivan Kazakov


text:
drum and bass
neurofunk
Official Website

categories: Drum and bass musicians,Hungarian DJs,Musicians from Budapest,Living people,Year of birth missing (living people)

paragraph: Jade (producer)

paragraph: Simon Gabor (Hungarian: Gábor Simon), also known professionally by his stage name Jade, is a Hungarian drum and bass record producer, DJ, founder of the Eatbrain record label and architecture engineer.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Pre-career.

paragraph: In the late 1990s, Jade bought himself a record player and started practicing at home to become a DJ and later started to produce his own music. At the beginning of his production career, he uploaded his early tracks anonymously to an online column called "Music To Your Ears" where a drum and bass producer named SKC, took an interest in his work and helped Jade along his way with constructive comments and instructions. In addition to the help from SKC, he has also spend a private studio session with Chris.SU which gave him another boost in producing his own music.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:First release.

paragraph: After his first release at Black Sun Empire Recordings, his career has started to take off and since then, 50 different tracks of his have been published by 15 different record labels and have been pressed on vinyl as well. It was through his early releases that Jade pioneered the emerging sound known as neurofunk. In 2009, Jade released his debut album, "Venom", on Citrus Recordings while his tracks like "No Cure" and the eponymous "Venom" featuring RymeTyme helped define the neurofunk genre. In 2011, Jade established his own label named Eatbrain.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Studio albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Venom" (2009)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Extended plays.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cryptic / Ready / The Prey on Ready" (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lazer Tag" (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Signs: Naked Lunch / Vermin" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "What You Are" (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chris.SU: Solar Eclipse EP /Chris.SU, Jade & Mindscape - Solar Eclipse" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "State Of Mind: Automata EP / Grape Juice" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Awake" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Telekinesis: Beware EP / Numbers" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Propaganda" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fourward: Torn Place EP / Make Some" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rido: Rido & The Gang EP / Maze" (2019)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gancher & Ruin: Reflection EP / Reflection" (2019)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "ClashTone: Ninja Scroll EP" (2019)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Singles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Smash Face / Test Subject" (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Santoku011 / Mayhem & Logam - Ouroboros (Jade Remix)" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I'm A Machine" (2017)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Various Artists.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Variations on Black / Black Sun Empire & Jade - Deadhouse" (2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tales Of The Undead LP / Friday The 13th, What You Are" (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mirror Universe 1 / Jade and State Of Mind - Respirator" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mirror Universe 2 / They Are Mutants!" (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Divergence LP / Jade & Mindscape - Outlaw" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Korsakov Compilations Vol.1. / Jade & Mindscape - Dangerous" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cause4Concern: 20 Years / Cause4Concern - Synergy (Jade Remix) " (2019)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Website

wikidata_label: Jade

wikipedia_title: Jade (producer)


text:
waka
Heian period
Kamakura period
Senzai Wakashū
Ogura Hyakunin Isshu
Minamoto clan
E-text of her poems

categories: Minamoto clan,Hyakunin Isshu poets,1217 deaths,Japanese women poets,1141 births,12th-century Japanese poets

paragraph: Nijōin no Sanuki

paragraph: Nijōin no Sanuki (二条院讃岐 c. 1141 – 1217) was a "waka" poet and Japanese noblewoman active in the late Heian period and early Kamakura period. She was a contributor to the "Senzai Wakashū" anthology, and one of her poems is included in the "Ogura Hyakunin Isshu". A member of the Minamoto clan, she was also known as Chugu Sanuki (中宫讃岐).

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- E-text of her poems in Japanese

alias:
Nijo-in no Sanuki
Lady Sanuki
Nijou-in no Sanuki

description: Japanese poet

wikidata_label: Nijō-in no Sanuki

wikipedia_title: Nijōin no Sanuki


text:
baseball
shortstop
St. Louis Cardinals
Major League Baseball
St. Louis Cardinals
Dominican Summer League Cardinals
Gulf Coast Cardinals
State College Spikes
Johnson City Cardinals
Panama national baseball team
2017 World Baseball Classic qualifiers
Peoria Chiefs
Midwest League
Palm Beach Cardinals
Surprise Saguaros
Arizona Fall League
Springfield Cardinals
Memphis Redbirds

categories: Gulf Coast Cardinals players,State College Spikes players,Johnson City Cardinals players,Dominican Summer League Cardinals players,Palm Beach Cardinals players,Living people,Peoria Chiefs players,Surprise Saguaros players,Sportspeople from Panama City,Major League Baseball infielders,1996 births,Major League Baseball players from Panama,St. Louis Cardinals players,Springfield Cardinals players

paragraph: Edmundo Sosa

paragraph: Edmundo Sosa (born March 6, 1996) is a Panamanian professional baseball shortstop for the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB).

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Sosa signed with the St. Louis Cardinals as an international free agent in July 2012. He made his professional debut in 2013 with the Dominican Summer League Cardinals and spent the whole season there, batting .314 with three home runs and 27 RBIs in 47 games. He played for both the Gulf Coast Cardinals and State College Spikes in 2014, batting a combined .274 with one home run and 23 RBIs in 55 total games between both teams, and he played with the Johnson City Cardinals in 2015, slashing .300/.369/.485 with seven home runs and 16 RBIs in 49 games. In 2016, Sosa played for the Panama national baseball team in the 2017 World Baseball Classic qualifiers. Sosa spent 2016 with both the Peoria Chiefs, with whom he was named a Midwest League All-Star, and the Palm Beach Cardinals, and he finished 2016 batting a combined .270 with three home runs and 34 RBIs in 97 total games between both teams. The Cardinals added him to their 40-man roster after the season. Sosa's 2017 season was limited due to injury; he played in only 58 games, posting a .288 batting average with one home run and 16 RBIs. After the season, the Cardinals assigned Sosa to the Surprise Saguaros of the Arizona Fall League (AFL). Sosa appeared in 17 total games in the AFL, batting .305 with seven RBIs, along with a .715 OPS.

paragraph: Sosa began 2018 with the Springfield Cardinals before being promoted to the Memphis Redbirds. In 123 games between the two clubs, he hit .270 with 12 home runs and 59 RBIs. He was promoted to the major leagues on September 23, and he made his debut that night. In 2019, he began the year with Memphis and was recalled by St. Louis for the first time on July 16.

description: Panamanian professional baseball shortstop in the St. Louis Cardinals

wikidata_label: Edmundo Sosa

wikipedia_title: Edmundo Sosa


text:
waka
Heian period
Ogura Hyakunin Isshu
Minamoto clan
Kin'yō Wakashū
E-text of her poems

categories: Minamoto clan,People of Heian-period Japan,Hyakunin Isshu poets,Japanese women poets,Japanese poets

paragraph: Taikenmon'in no Horikawa

paragraph: Taiken Mon In no Horikawa (待賢門院堀河, dates unknown) was a "waka" poet and Japanese noblewoman active in the Heian period. One of her poems is included in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu. A member of the Minamoto clan, her work is also included in the "Kin'yō Wakashū".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

description: Japanese poet

wikidata_label: Taikenmon-in no Horikawa

wikipedia_title: Taikenmon'in no Horikawa


text:
waka
Heian period
Ogura Hyakunin Isshu
Fujiwara clan
Fujiwara no Akisue
E-text of his poems

categories: Fujiwara clan,People of Heian-period Japan,1090 births,12th-century Japanese poets,Hyakunin Isshu poets,1155 deaths

paragraph: Fujiwara no Akisuke

paragraph: Fujiwara no Akisuke (, 1090–1155) was a "waka" poet and Japanese nobleman active in the Heian period. One of his poems is included in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu. A member of the Fujiwara clan, he was also known as Sakyō Daibu Akisuke (). His father was Fujiwara no Akisue.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- E-text of his poems in Japanese

description: Japanese poet

wikidata_label: Fujiwara no Akisuke

wikipedia_title: Fujiwara no Akisuke


text:
waka
Heian period
Ogura Hyakunin Isshu
Minamoto clan
E-text of her poems

categories: Japanese poets,Hyakunin Isshu poets,Minamoto clan,Japanese women poets

paragraph: Kōkamonin no Bettō

paragraph: Kōkamonin no Bettō (皇嘉門院別当, dates unknown) was a "waka" poet and Japanese noblewoman active in the Heian period. One of her poems is included in the Ogura Hyakunin Isshu. She was a member of the Minamoto clan.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

alias:
Kōka Mon In no Bettō
Kokamon-in no Betto
Koukamon-in no Bettou

description: Japanese poet

wikidata_label: Kōkamon-in no Bettō

wikipedia_title: Kōkamonin no Bettō


text: peer

text: Lieutenant-General Thomas Howard

text: William Mackenzie, 5th Earl of Seaforth

text: Alexander Stewart, 6th Earl of Galloway

text: Page of Honour

text: George III

text: Coldstream Guards

text: St. Amand

text: Duke of York

text: expedition to Holland

text: Sir William Erskine

text: Lord Hill

text: Sir John Hope

text: Fuentes de Oñoro

text: Arroyo de Molinos

text: Almaraz

text: Vitoria

text: passage of the Nive

text: Lieutenant-Governor of Portsmouth

text: South-West District

text: Waterloo

text: Richard Howard, 4th Earl of Effingham

text: Neil Primrose, 3rd Earl of Rosebery

text: Henry Howard, 2nd Earl of Effingham

text: Francis Baring, 1st Baron Northbrook

categories: 1845 deaths,Howard family (English aristocracy),1767 births,British Army personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars,British Army generals,Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath,Coldstream Guards officers,Earls in the Peerage of the United Kingdom,Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment) officers,British Army commanders of the Napoleonic Wars

paragraph: Kenneth Howard, 1st Earl of Effingham

paragraph: Kenneth Alexander Howard, 1st Earl of Effingham, (29 November 1767 – 13 February 1845) was a British peer and soldier.

paragraph: Section::::Background and early life.

paragraph: His father, Henry Howard (14 January 1736 – 10 September 1811), was the son of Lieutenant-General Thomas Howard and a male-line descendant of William Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Effingham. His mother, Maria Mackenzie (bef. 1751 – 29 January 1826), was parental granddaughter of William Mackenzie, 5th Earl of Seaforth and maternal one of Alexander Stewart, 6th Earl of Galloway. From 1781 to 1786, Howard was a Page of Honour to George III.

paragraph: Section::::Military career.

paragraph: Howard was gazetted to an ensigncy in the Coldstream Guards, 21 April 1786, and served with his regiment in Flanders from February 1793 to May 1795, being wounded at St. Amand 8 May 1793. He was promoted lieutenant and captain 25 April 1793 (acting as adjutant of his regiment from December 1793 to December 1797), captain-lieutenant and lieutenant-colonel 30 December 1797, and brigade-major to the foot-guards 17 April 1798, in which capacity he served throughout the Irish rebellion of that year and the Duke of York's expedition to Holland in 1799. He was present in every action of the last-named campaign. He was gazetted captain and lieutenant-colonel 25 July 1799, and was connected with the foreign troops in the English service as deputy inspector-general, inspector-general, and commandant of the foreign depôt. This latter office he resigned on being appointed colonel and aide-de-camp to the king, 1 January 1805. He became second major of his regiment 4 August 1808, and major-general 25 July 1810.

paragraph: In January 1811 Howard joined the army in the Peninsula, being placed in command of a brigade of the first division in succession to Sir William Erskine (Wellington Supplementary Despatches, xiii. 544). In the following July he was transferred to the second division, which he commanded as senior officer under Lord Hill till August 1812. In November of that year he was selected to command the 1st brigade of guards in the first division, and was in entire command of that division under Sir John Hope from June 1813 to the end of the war. He was present at the battles of Fuentes de Oñoro, Arroyo de Molinos, and Almaraz, and was on the two latter occasions specially commended for gallantry in Lord Hill's despatches (Wellington Despatches, viii. 381–3, 388, ix. 184–5), and was thanked by the home government (Sidney, Life of Lord Hill, pp. 199–200). He took continuous part in the operations on the frontier, 1813–14, and received the medal and one clasp for Vitoria and the passage of the Nive. On the conclusion of the war he became Lieutenant-Governor of Portsmouth and General Officer Commanding South-West District. The duties of this post prevented his joining the army in Belgium, but after Waterloo he was placed in command of the first division of the British army during the occupation of Paris, with the local rank of lieutenant-general.

paragraph: Howard succeeded his third cousin Richard Howard, 4th Earl of Effingham as Baron Howard of Effingham in 1816. In 1837 he was created Earl of Effingham.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Lord Effingham married Lady Charlotte Primrose (c. 1776 – 17 September 1864), daughter of Neil Primrose, 3rd Earl of Rosebery, on 27 May 1800, by whom he had five children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Charlotte Howard (30 October 1803 – 8 March 1886).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry Howard, 2nd Earl of Effingham.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Charles Howard (6 December 1807 – 8 March 1882).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Arabella Georgina Howard (25 January 1809 – 10 December 1884), married Francis Baring, 1st Baron Northbrook (as his second wife).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reverend Hon. William Howard (23 April 1815 – 12 May 1881).

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- www.thepeerage.com

description: British general

wikidata_label: Kenneth Howard, 1st Earl of Effingham

wikipedia_title: Kenneth Howard, 1st Earl of Effingham


text:
Florence
Vienna
vocal range
contralto
Parma
Bologna
Prince of Parma
Venice
Dresden
Antonio Lotti
Senesino
Margherita Durastanti
Madrid
Frankfurt
Caffarelli
Gluck
libretto
Metastasio
Niccolò Jommelli
Achille in Sciro
Didone abbandonata
Countess Maria Theresia Ahlefeldt
Caterina Gabrielli
Casanova
Mozart
his father
Ange Goudar
Charles Burney
Quantz
Michael Lorenz
"The Will of Vittoria Tesi Tramontini"

categories: Operatic contraltos,1700 births,1775 deaths,18th-century Italian opera singers,Italian contraltos,People from Florence

paragraph: Vittoria Tesi

paragraph: Vittoria Tesi Tramontini ("La Fiorentina") (Florence, 13 Feb 1700 – 9 May 1775 in Vienna) was an Italian opera singer and music teacher of the 18th century. Her vocal range was that of a contralto.

paragraph: Her operatic career began with performances at Parma and Bologna in 1716. By 1718 she was "virtuosa di camera" for the Prince of Parma at Venice. The following year she was at Dresden, singing for Antonio Lotti alongside Senesino and Margherita Durastanti. By 1721 she was back in Italy for the Florentine Carnival, and for the next 26 years travelled Europe, with performances in Madrid and possibly Frankfurt. Italy, however, was the nation where she spent most of her time, dividing the years between its various cities. Her career peaked in the late 1730s and 1740s, when she sang alongside such singers as Caffarelli; in 1744 she took the title role in Gluck's "Ipermestra" and did the same in 1748 in his "Semiramide riconosciuta", set to a libretto by Metastasio. This performance persuaded Metastasio of her merits, although previously he had been unenthusiastic, calling her a "grandissima nullità".

paragraph: After successful performances in Niccolò Jommelli's "Achille in Sciro" and "Didone abbandonata" (1749), both set to Metastasian libretti, Tesi began to retire from the stage. In 1751 she became costume director at the Viennese court, where she remained for many years, teaching music as a particular favourite of Countess Maria Theresia Ahlefeldt. Among her pupils were Caterina Gabrielli and Elisabeth Teyber, and she is known to have met not only Casanova but also Mozart and his father. Sarah and Ange Goudar called her "perhaps the first actress who acted well while singing badly", and in fact both Charles Burney and Quantz praised her acting ability.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Michael Lorenz. "The Will of Vittoria Tesi Tramontini" (Vienna, 2016)

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- E.J. Dent: "Italian Opera in the 18th Century", SIMG, xiv (1912–13), 500–09

paragraph: BULLET::::- A. Ademollo: "Le cantanti italiane celebri del secolo decimottavo: Vittoria Tesi", Nuova antologia, ser.3, xxii (1889), 308–27

paragraph: BULLET::::- G.B. Mancini: "Pensieri e riflessioni pratiche sopra il canto figurato" (Milan, 1770/R)

description: Italian opera singer and music teacher

wikidata_label: Vittoria Tesi

wikipedia_title: Vittoria Tesi


text:
fur trapper
guide
Oregon Country
Willamette Valley
California
Donner Party
Madison County, Kentucky
rendezvous
Bear Lake
Jedediah Smith
Colorado River
Mohave
Lower Umpqua people
Native American
Fort Vancouver
Hudson's Bay Company
Michel Laframboise
Ewing Young
William J. Bailey
George K. Gay
Rogue River
Tututni
Willamette Cattle Company
Ewing Young
United States Congress
Hudson's Bay Company
Jason Lee
Champoeg Meetings
Provisional Government of Oregon
John Phillips
Donner Party
Oregon Pioneer Association
J. W. Nesmith
Oregon Historical Society
Traders and Trappers
Oregon Trail Timeline 1831-1840

categories: People from Madison County, Kentucky,1847 deaths,Oregon pioneers,1807 births,Champoeg Meetings

paragraph: John Turner (fur trapper)

paragraph: John Turner (18071847) was an American fur trapper and guide who first entered Oregon Country in 1828 and became an early resident of the Willamette Valley. Later he moved to California where he was part of the second attempt to rescue the Donner Party.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Turner was born in Madison County, Kentucky in the year 1807 to parents Smithton Turner and Nancy Ragsdale. By 1823 he was working in the fur trade in the Rocky Mountains.

paragraph: Section::::Mojave and Umpqua Massacres.

paragraph: At the 1827 rendezvous on the southern shore of Bear Lake, Jedediah Smith assembled a party of 18 fur trappers and two Native American women to accompany him on a return trip to California. Turner joined the group, and they headed southwest, essentially retracing Smith's route the year before. While Smith's party crossed the Colorado River at the 35th parallel, a hostile group of Mohave attacked, killing ten trappers and capturing the two women. The surviving men, including Smith and Turner, eventually met up with the group that had previously traveled with Smith to California, and after many additional setbacks, a party of 18 continued north into the Oregon Country, being joined along the way by an Indian boy they called Marion.

paragraph: In June 1828 the party began trading with the Lower Umpqua people, a Native American community known to early writers as the Kalawatset. On the morning of July 14, 1828, Smith, Turner, Richard Leland, and a Kalawatset were off in a canoe searching for an overland route north when their camp was attacked. The three avoided the attack and made their way north to Fort Vancouver When they arrived after 28 days, they found that another member of their party, Arthur Black, had survived the attack and had arrived two days earlier. It was later confirmed that 15 men died in the attack including Marion, the Indian boy. Turner was the only man besides Smith to have survived both massacres.

paragraph: Section::::Hudson's Bay Company and Tututni Massacre.

paragraph: The four survivors stayed at Fort Vancouver until the spring of 1829, when Smith and Black left to return to the Rocky Mountain region. Turner and LeLand stayed behind and Turner joined up with Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) to guide trapping forays into California. In 1832, while accompanying a 163-member party led by Michel Laframboise in California, he met Ewing Young, quit the HBC and enlisted with Young.

paragraph: In June 1835 Turner was leading a small band of eight pioneers from California to Oregon. The group included William J. Bailey and George K. Gay. and a woman and two children thought to be Turner's Native American family. The pioneers were attacked at the Rogue River by a community of Native Americans known as the Tututni. Turner grabbed a large burning log during his escape, and fought off the attackers. Only Turner, Woodsworth, Bailey, and Gay survived.

paragraph: Section::::Willamette Cattle Company.

paragraph: In 1837 Turner accompanied a group of eleven Oregon pioneers, including Gay and Bailey, known as the Willamette Cattle Company on a cattle drive to bring several hundred head of cattle from California to the Willamette Valley, under the direction of Ewing Young. The party sailed to California, purchased 729 head of cattle and some horses, and began herding the cattle north. The journey was arduous, and the company resented Young. Turner, Gay and Bailey were bent on revenge for the Tututni massacre, and Gay cold-bloodedly shot an Indian. After that, Indians plagued the party, shooting arrows into the stock. With attrition along the route, they delivered 630 cattle to the Willamette Valley settlement.

paragraph: Section::::Memorial of 1838.

paragraph: In the 1830s, settlers in the Willamette Valley petitioned the United States Congress to take an active role in promoting American interests in the Oregon Country. The Hudson's Bay Company had established a form of government loyal to British interests, and although the Americans in the Willamette Valley were not subjects of British rule, many desired that the United States exert legal and military control over the land. The petition, known as the Memorial of 1838, was prepared by Jason Lee and signed by 36 Willamette Valley settlers. Last among the signers was John Turner.

paragraph: The Memorial of 1838 preceded the Champoeg Meetings by three years. Mack and Meaghers counted Turner among the creators of the Provisional Government of Oregon at Champoeg, although he is not listed among the voters.

paragraph: Section::::Move to California and the second rescue attempt of the Donner Party.

paragraph: After the Willamette Valley settlers created the Provisional Government, Turner sold his property to John Phillips for $100 and moved to California.

paragraph: In 1847 Turner participated in the second rescue attempt of the Donner Party.

paragraph: Section::::Epitaphs.

paragraph: In his remarks at the tenth annual reunion of the Oregon Pioneer Association in 1882, association president J. W. Nesmith stated, "The old Kentucky giant, John Turner, so well known and famed for his herculean strength, good nature, quaint oddities and dauntless courage, through the Rocky mountains, New Mexico, California and Oregon, from 1823 to 1847, was killed in the latter year in California by the accidental discharge of his own rifle."

paragraph: Turner's Oregon Pioneer Registry card at the Oregon Historical Society states, "Born Kentucky. Came to Oregon 1828 from Missouri. Died 1847. Was with Jedediah S. Smith's Trapping of party of 18 in 1828; in July of that year all but two of his companions were killed by Indians near the mouth of the Umpqua River; he began trapping in 1823 and continued in Rocky Mountains, Oregon, New Mexico and California until 1847, when he accidentally shot himself.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dobbs, "Men of Champoeg" (Metropolitan Press, 1932)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Traders and Trappers, Index of names of notable figures in the fur trade

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oregon Trail Timeline 1831-1840

description: American fur trapper and guide

wikidata_label: John Turner

wikipedia_title: John Turner (fur trapper)


text:
Nay, Pyrénées-Atlantiques
entomologist
Lepidoptera
Société entomologique de France
Trifurcula chretieni
Bupleurum rigidum
Trifurcula
National Museum of Natural History

categories: 1846 births,Lepidopterists,French entomologists,1934 deaths

paragraph: Pierre Chrétien

paragraph: Pierre Chrétien (1846 – 15 June 1934, Nay, Pyrénées-Atlantiques) was a French entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera. He was a member of Société entomologique de France. "Trifurcula chretieni" is "named in honour of Pierre Chrétien (1846–1934), who discovered nepticulid mines on "Bupleurum", including those on "Bupleurum rigidum", and the first author to describe a number of Mediterranean species that are now placed in "Trifurcula" ("Glaucolepis")." His collection is held by National Museum of Natural History in Paris.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Partial list"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chrétien, P. 1899. Description d'un nouveau genre et d'une nouvelle espèce de Microlépidoptère. "Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France" 1899: 206.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ————— 1900. Les Coleophora du Dorycnium. "Naturaliste" 1900: 68–70.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chrétien, P. 1901. Description d'une nouvelle espèce de Teleia [Microlep.]. "Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France" 1901: 10–12.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ————— 1907. Description de nouvelles espèces de Lépidoptères d'Algerie. "Bulletin de la Société Entomologique" de France 18: 305–308.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ————— 1915. Contribution á la connaissance des Lépidopteres du Nord de l'Afrique. Notes biologiques et criques. "Annales de la Société Entomologique de France" 84: 289–374.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ————— 1917. Contribution á la connaissance des Lépidopteres du Nord de l'Afrique. "Annales de la Société Entomologique de France" 85: 369–502.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anonym, 1934 [Chretien, P.] "Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de France", Paris 39

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lhoste, J., 1987 "Les entomologistes français". 1750–1950. INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), 1–355

paragraph: BULLET::::- Luquet, G. C. 2009: "Alexanor, Revue française de Lépidoptérologie Cinquantième anniversaire", Paris 24 (1): 5–62 ISSN 0002-5208

description: French entomologist (1846–1934)

wikidata_label: Pierre Chrétien

wikipedia_title: Pierre Chrétien


text:
Tatsag
Tibetan
reincarnation
Qing dynasty
Kundeling Monastery
Kham
Chamdo
Kumbum Monastery
Gelug
Chengde
Qing
Changkya Rölpé Dorjé
Beijing
Qianlong Emperor
Tashilhunpo Monastery
Lobsang Palden Yeshe, 6th Panchen Lama
Drepung Monastery
8th Dalai Lama
Dolonnor
Kundeling Monastery
Fuk'anggan
Sino-Nepalese War
Panchen Lama
Tashilhunpo Monastery
9th Dalai Lama
Qing dynasty
Rubin Museum of Art
New York City
8th Dalai Lama
Panchen Lama
Heruka
Ganden Monastery
Gyalpo Pehar

categories: 1810 deaths,1760 births,Gelug Buddhists,Tibetan Buddhist teachers

paragraph: Yeshe Lobsang Tenpai Gonpo

paragraph: Yeshe Lobsang Tenpai Gonpo (Wylie: "ye shes blo bzang bstan pa'i mgon po"; 1760 – 30 December 1810) was the 8th Tatsag (rta tshag), a Tibetan reincarnation lineage.

paragraph: From 1789 to 1790 and from 1791 until his death in 1810 he was regent of Tibet, appointed by the Qing dynasty of China. He was the first owner of the Kundeling Monastery, founded in 1794 in Lhasa.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Yeshe Lobsang Tenpai Gonpo was the eighth Tatsag incarnation and the third to take the name "Tatsag".

paragraph: He was born in 1860 in the Powo region of Kham.

paragraph: When he was aged five he was recognized as the reincarnation of the Seventh Tatsak Jedrung, Lobzang Pelgyen.

paragraph: The incarnation line had originated with Baso Chokyi Gyeltsen (1402–73), a disciple of Tsongkhapa Lobzang Drakpa.

paragraph: On being recognized he entered the Pasho ("dPa'-shod") Monastery, founded in 1473 in Chamdo, Kham.

paragraph: He was enthroned and given a seal, diploma and tiara.

paragraph: From 1767 to 1771 he studied under Khenchen Zasak Pelden Drakpa, who granted him his lay vows.

paragraph: In 1771 Tatsag went to study at the Kumbum Monastery in present-day Qinghai, a Gelug institution.

paragraph: He went on to Chengde, a summer palace of the Qing emperors that lay on the border between China and Mongolia.

paragraph: There he became close to Changkya Rölpé Dorjé (1717–86), from whom he received his novice vows and the name "Yeshe Tenpai Gonpo".

paragraph: In 1772 he visited Beijing, where the Qianlong Emperor received the boy in audience, gave him presents, and granted thirteen servants and the allowances of an official.

paragraph: The emperor treated Tatsag as his "tham-ka bla-ma", or "lama of the seal", a high honor.

paragraph: From 1774 Tatsag studied in Chengde under the abbot of the Tashilhunpo Monastery, Shartse Khenpo Nominhan Lobzang Jampel.

paragraph: When Lobsang Palden Yeshe, 6th Panchen Lama (1738–80) visited Chengde in 1780, the emperor presented Tatsag to him wearing a dragon robe.

paragraph: Tatsag traveled back to Lhasa in 1781–82, where he joined the Gomang faculty of Drepung Monastery and studied for the next eight years.

paragraph: One of his teachers was the 8th Dalai Lama, who ordained him in 1782.

paragraph: Tatsag was admitted into the monastic order the next year.

paragraph: Section::::Political leader.

paragraph: In 1786 Tatsag was among the Tibetans who congratulated the emperor on his birthday.

paragraph: That year he was appointed assistant to the Dalai Lama after the former regent had been recalled to Beijing.

paragraph: The Dalai Lama was of an age to rule alone, but the Qing rulers did not consider that he had the required skills and felt it was best for him to have a purely religious role.

paragraph: In 1788 the emperor gave Tatsag the title "lama of the seal" for the region of Dolonnor in Inner Mongolia, and called him to Beijing.

paragraph: While he was traveling to China in 1789 he received a command from the emperor to return to Lhasa and assume the regency.

paragraph: He was regent from 26 May 1789 to 28 September 1790.

paragraph: His mandate and the titles bestowed on him by the emperor indicate that he was in effect the Qing dynasty's first viceroy in Tibet.

paragraph: On 28 September 1790 the emperor removed Tatsag from office and called him to Beijing, in an edict that said he had not been "diligent and careful" in handling the Dalai Lama's affairs.

paragraph: He was replaced by the previous regent, the First Tsemonling.

paragraph: The Dalai Lama's brother was accused in the same edict of numerous abuses.

paragraph: The Dalai Lama himself was exonerated from all blame, but was directed to take no part in government but to concentrate on his religious studies.

paragraph: In April 1791 the First Tsemonling died.

paragraph: Tatsag was traveling to China via the southern route when he was commanded to return to Lhasa and resume the regency, which he held until his death in 1811.

paragraph: The emperor said that the criticism in the previous edict had been mistaken.

paragraph: In 1792 the emperor granted Tatsag the title of "hui-t'ung ch'an-shih" and a silver seal.

paragraph: He became proprietor of the Kundeling Monastery in Lhasa in 1794.

paragraph: The Kundeling Monastery was founded by the general Fuk'anggan (d.1796) and the amban Helin in 1794 to celebrate the successful conclusion of the Sino-Nepalese War.

paragraph: It was granted to the Tatsag lineage in perpetuity.

paragraph: In 1799 Tatsag visited the fourth Panchen Lama in Tashilhunpo Monastery.

paragraph: The 8th Dalai Lama died in 1804. Tatsag was given the diploma and seal of a regent, and that year had a prayer for the rebirth of the 8th Dalai Lama printed and distributed throughout Tibet.

paragraph: In 1808 he led the selection of the 9th Dalai Lama, Lungtok Gyatso (1806–15).

paragraph: Tatsag died on 30 December 1810. One source says he died peacefully at his Kundeling Monastery, while another says he committed suicide by biting off his tongue.

paragraph: He was described by the Amban Ho-lin (1753–96) as a man of upright character, calm countenance and an unerring sense of justice.

paragraph: He was loyal to the Qing dynasty while regent in Tibet.

paragraph: He left more than ninety texts.

paragraph: Section::::Portrait.

paragraph: A painting of Gyaltsab Yeshe Lobzang Tanpa'i Gonpo in ground mineral pigment on cotton is held by the Rubin Museum of Art in New York City.

paragraph: Surrounding him are smaller depictions of Jampal Gyatso, the 8th Dalai Lama (1758-1804), Tanpa'i Nyima, the 4th Panchen Lama (1782-1853), Tadrag Pandita Ngagwang Chopel (1760-1839), Akshobhyavajra Guhyasamaja in Heruka form, Heruka Chakrasamvara, Ganden Monastery, the Legkyob Ling and the activity aspect of the protector deity Gyalpo Pehar with three faces and six hands, riding a snow lion.

alias:
Lobzang Tenpai Gonpo
Tenpai Gonpo
Tatsak Kundeling Jedrung

description: 8th Tatsag

wikidata_label: Yeshe Lobzang Tenpai Gonpo

wikipedia_title: Yeshe Lobsang Tenpai Gonpo


text:
Montreal
MapleMusic Recordings
Montreal
Depeche Mode
The Shins
Lou Reed
Vampire Weekend
John Darnielle
Mark Oliver Everett
Q
Jian Ghomeshi
Martha Wainwright
The Lemonheads
Joseph Arthur
Pilot Speed
Dumas
Robert Charlebois
David Usher
Black Diamond Bay
Arthur H
The Church
Cœur de pirate
CAN
Jason Bajada

categories: Place of birth missing (living people),Canadian folk rock musicians,Singers from Montreal,Canadian people of Maltese descent,MapleMusic Recordings artists,Canadian male singer-songwriters,Year of birth missing (living people),21st-century Canadian singers,Living people,21st-century male singers

paragraph: Jason Bajada

paragraph: Jason Bajada is a Canadian singer-songwriter from Montreal, Quebec. He is signed to MapleMusic Recordings.

paragraph: His label debut, entitled "Loveshit", was produced by "Les Troublemakers" in Montreal and mastered by Emily Lazar and Joe LaPorta at The Lodge in NY (Depeche Mode, The Shins, Lou Reed, Vampire Weekend, etc.). He has been described as "the depressed lovechild of John Darnielle and Mark Oliver Everett". In February 2009, Bajada performed songs from his album "Loveshit" on "Q" with Jian Ghomeshi.

paragraph: Bajada has toured with Martha Wainwright, The Lemonheads, Joseph Arthur, Pilot Speed, Dumas, Robert Charlebois, David Usher, Black Diamond Bay, Arthur H, The Church and Cœur de pirate, among others.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Studio albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005: "Puer Dolor"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006: "Up Go the Arms"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009: "Loveshit"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011: "The Sound Your Life Makes" CAN No. 57

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013: "Le résultat de mes bêtises"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2016: "Volcano"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017: "Loveshit 2 (Blondie & the Backstabberz)"

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jason Bajada

description: Canadian singer

wikidata_label: Jason Bajada

wikipedia_title: Jason Bajada


text:
Pagan dynasty
Burma
royal chronicles
Kyaswa
Naratheinga Uzana
Sithu II
Saw Mya Kan
Zatadawbon Yazawin
Buddhist
Hluttaw
Gawdawpalin Temple
Narapatisithu
Mahabodhi
Buddhagaya temple
Htilominlo Temple
Tagaung

categories: Pagan dynasty,1175 births,Burmese monarchs

paragraph: Htilominlo

paragraph: Htilominlo (, ; also called Nadaungmya or Zeya Theinkha Uzana; 1175 – 1235) was king of Pagan dynasty of Burma (Myanmar) from 1211 to 1235. His 24-year reign marked the beginning of the gradual decline of Pagan dynasty. It was the first to see the impact of over a century of continuous growth of tax-free religious wealth, which had greatly reduced the potential tax base. Htilominlo was the last of the temple builders although most of his temples were in remote lands not in the Pagan region, reflecting the deteriorating state of royal treasury.

paragraph: All the royal chronicles say he was succeeded by his son Kyaswa. But two contemporary inscriptions indicate that another son of his Naratheinga Uzana was at least acting as the regent towards the end of his reign.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Htilominlo was born to King Sithu II and his queen Saw Mya Kan. Chronicles do not agree on the birth, death and reign dates. According to the "Zatadawbon Yazawin" chronicle, considered the most accurate chronicle for the Pagan period, he was born on 4 February 1175. The table below lists the dates given by the four main chronicles.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: The king, a devout Buddhist and a scholar, gave up the command of the army, and left the day-to-day affairs to a privy council consisted of ministers, the forebear of the Hluttaw, or the supreme administrative body of government. He focused his energies on religion and temple-building. He completed the majestic Gawdawpalin Temple, begun by his father Narapatisithu, built the Mahabodhi, a replica of the Buddhagaya temple, and the Htilominlo Temple, named after himself.

paragraph: His reign was largely peaceful, except for one rebellion north of Tagaung, which was put down by his commander in chief. By all accounts, he was popular with the people. Still he never really governed, and was especially oblivious to the growing problem of reduced tax base brought about continuous growth of tax free religious holdings. To be sure, his predecessors did not face the problem, and his successors also continued to ignore the problem, where by the 1280s, two-thirds of Upper Burma's cultivable land had been alienated to the religion. Thus the throne also lost resources necessary to retain the loyalty of courtiers and military servicemen, inviting a vicious circle of internal disorders and external challenges by Mons, Mongols and Shans.

alias:
Zeya Theinkha Uzana
Nadaungmya

description: Burmese monarch

wikidata_label: Htilominlo

wikipedia_title: Htilominlo


text:
Corvallis
Oregon
bodybuilder
vegan
activist
Corvallis
Oregon
veganism
animal rights
Corvallis High School
Food Not Bombs
cross country
Oregon State University
INBA
Brendan Brazier
Tonya Kay
VegNews
PETA
Vega Foods
Willamette Week

categories: Sportspeople from Corvallis, Oregon,1980 births,Corvallis High School (Oregon) alumni,Oregon State University alumni,Diet food advocates,American bodybuilders,Veganism activists,Living people

paragraph: Robert Cheeke

paragraph: Robert Cheeke (born March 2, 1980 in Corvallis, Oregon) is an American bodybuilder, motivational speaker, and author. He is a vegan activist and spends his time touring the United States for speaking engagements and book promotions. He also runs a fitness site, Vegan Bodybuilding and Fitness, and serves as an endorser for Sequel Naturals as well as their National Event Coordinator for the United States.

paragraph: Cheeke is the co-founder of C-VEG, a Corvallis-based Vegan group, a former Board Member for non-profit groups OrganicAthlete and Northwest VEG in Portland, and the founder and president of Vegan Bodybuilding & Fitness.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life.

paragraph: Robert Cheeke was born in Corvallis, Oregon on March 2, 1980. He grew up on a farm, and cites his positive childhood experiences interacting with the farm's animals as the source of compassion that would later lead him to embrace veganism. At age 15, Cheeke made the transition to veganism and began organizing animal rights events at Corvallis High School including the initiation of recycling programs and providing vegan meals to those in need with Food Not Bombs.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Career.

paragraph: Cheeke began his athletic career as a cross country runner for Oregon State University in 1999 but soon developed an interest in weight lifting and strength training. He became a competitive bodybuilder the following year in 2000. Five years later, in 2005 Cheeke won the title of INBA Northwestern USA Natural Bodybuilding Overall Novice Champion. In the following years he competed in the Natural Bodybuilding World Championships in 2006, and the Northwestern USA Natural Bodybuilding Championships in 2009 (where he took first place in his class).

paragraph: In 2006 he released "Vegan Fitness: Built Naturally", a documentary about himself and two other vegan athletes, Brendan Brazier and Tonya Kay. He was voted one of "VegNews" magazine's "15 most influential vegan athletes". Cheeke has appeared in a TV commercial for PETA, and has been on a number of television news shows and radio interviews.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Personal life.

paragraph: Cheeke endorses Vega Foods supplements and has been featured in news articles including a feature in the Willamette Week and magazines like Organic Lifestyle Magazine.

paragraph: Section::::Bodybuilding titles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005 INBA Northwestern USA Natural Bodybuilding Overall Novice Championship

paragraph: Section::::Competitive placings.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 Natural Bodybuilding World Championships

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009 Northwestern USA Natural Bodybuilding Championships - 1st in class

paragraph: Section::::DVDs.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Robert Cheeke – Vegan Fitness: Built Naturally (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Robert Cheeke - Vegan Brothers in Iron (2010)

paragraph: Section::::Books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vegan Bodybuilding & Fitness – The Complete Guide to Building Your Body on a Plant Based Diet (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shred it (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Plant-Based Muscle (2017), eBook

description: American bodybuilder

enwikiquote_title: Robert Cheeke

wikidata_label: Robert Cheeke

wikipedia_title: Robert Cheeke


text: Prince of Wales

text: Edward I of England

text: Wales

text: Gwynedd

text: Gruffudd ap Llywelyn

text: Llywelyn Fawr

text: Henry III of England

text: Rhodri

text: Bishop of Bangor

text: Llŷn Peninsula

text: Henry III of England

text: Battle of Bryn Derwin

text: King Edward I of England

text: Treaty of Aberconwy

text: Hawarden Castle

text: Plantagenet-ruled

text: Llywelyn ap Gruffudd

text: Archbishop

text: John Peckham

text: Tywysog

text: Gwynedd

text: Dolwyddelan

text: Rhys Wyndod

text: Rhys Ieuanc

text: Maredudd ab Owain

text: Castell y Bere

text: Cynfrig ap Madog

text: Dolbadarn Castle

text: Snowdon

text: Abergwyngregyn

text: Owain ap Dafydd

text: Abergwyngregyn

text: Rhuddlan

text: Chester

text: Shrewsbury

text: Gwenllian ferch Llywelyn

text: Llywelyn ap Dafydd

text: Shrewsbury

text: high treason

text: hanged, drawn and quartered

text: Shrewsbury

text: shilling

text: Gwladys

text: Gwenllian ferch Llywelyn

text: Lincolnshire

text: Sempringham

text: Sixhills

text: Bristol Castle

text: Llywelyn ap Dafydd

text: Owain ap Dafydd

text: Dafydd Goch

text: House of Cunedda

text: Madog ap Llywelyn

text: Owain Goch ap Gruffydd

text: Llywelyn ap Gruffudd

text: Eleanor de Montfort

text: Simon de Montfort

text: Earl of Leicester

text: Abergwyngregyn

text: Rhodri ap Gruffudd

text: Thomas ap Rhodri

text: Owain ap Thomas

text: Gwladus ferch Gruffudd

text: Rhys Fychan

text: Ystrad Tywi

text: Margaret ferch Gruffudd

text: Powys Fadog

text: Gruffudd ap Madog

text: Llywelyn ap Madog

text: Holt

text: John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey

text: Roger Mortimer the younger

text: Folesham

text: Norton, Northamptonshire

text: Frodsham

text: Bristol Castle

text: Llywelyn ap Dafydd

text: Owain ap Dafydd

text: Gwladys ferch Dafydd

text: Dafydd Goch

text: Maud, Ralph

categories: People executed under the Plantagenets by hanging, drawing and quartering,1283 deaths,People executed under the Plantagenets for treason against England,House of Cunedda,Executed monarchs,Executed Welsh people,13th-century Welsh monarchs,History of Gwynedd,1238 births

paragraph: Dafydd ap Gruffydd

paragraph: Dafydd ap Gruffydd (or Dafydd ap Gruffudd, angl. David, son of Gruffydd; ) (11 July (?) 1238 – 3 October 1283) was Prince of Wales from 11 December 1282 until his execution on 3 October 1283 by King Edward I of England. He was the last independent ruler of Wales.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: He was a prince of Gwynedd, a younger son of Gruffudd ap Llywelyn and his wife, Senena, and thus grandson of Llywelyn Fawr. In 1241, he is recorded as having been handed over to Henry III of England as a hostage with his younger brother, Rhodri, as part of an agreement. He may have come of age under Welsh law on 11 July 1252, on which date he issued, in front of his mother, Senena, and the Bishop of Bangor, a charter as lord of the commote of Cymydmaen, at the outer reaches of the Llŷn Peninsula. In 1253, he was called upon to pay homage to King Henry III of England.

paragraph: In 1255, he joined his brother, Owain, in a challenge to their brother, Llywelyn, but Llywelyn defeated them at the Battle of Bryn Derwin. Dafydd was imprisoned, but Llywelyn released him the following year and restored him to favour. In 1263, he joined King Henry in an attack on his brother. After Llywelyn was acknowledged by King Henry as Prince of Wales in 1267, Dafydd was again restored to Llywelyn's favour, but in 1274, he joined King Edward I of England to challenge Llywelyn once again. In 1277, following the Treaty of Aberconwy, he was reconciled, finally, with his brother.

paragraph: Section::::Prince of Wales.

paragraph: At Easter 1282, Dafydd ap Gruffudd attacked Hawarden Castle, thereby starting the final conflict with Plantagenet-ruled England, in the course of which Welsh independence was lost. In December Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Prince of Wales, had been lured into what was probably a trap and killed on 11 December 1282 (see corr. of Archbishop John Peckham, Lambeth Palace Archives) . Dafydd was his brother's successor and became the last Tywysog of Gwynedd and Prince of Wales. Dafydd was leader of his nation only for a few months after his brother's death.

paragraph: By January 1283, Edward I of England had the heartland of independent Wales ringed with a massive army. Dafydd initially operated from Dolwyddelan and was supported by various royal refugees from Powys Fadog and Deheubarth; including Rhys Wyndod, Rhys Ieuanc and the sons of Maredudd ab Owain. With limited resources of manpower and equipment available the passes leading to Dolwyddelan became indefensible and Dafydd moved down to Castell y Bere. In April, Castell y Bere was besieged by over 3,000 men, and the small Welsh garrison, commanded by Cynfrig ap Madog, surrendered on 25 April. Dafydd escaped the siege and moved north to Dolbadarn Castle, a guardpost in the Peris Valley at the foot of Snowdon. In May 1283, he was forced to move again, this time to the mountains above the Welsh royal home in Abergwyngregyn.

paragraph: On 22 June, Dafydd and his younger son Owain ap Dafydd were captured at Nanhysglain, a secret hiding place in a bog by Bera Mountain to the south of Abergwyngregyn. Dafydd, seriously wounded ("graviter vulneratus") in the struggle, was brought to King Edward's camp at Rhuddlan that same night (Cotton Vesp. B xi, f30). Dafydd was taken from here to Chester and then on to Shrewsbury. Dafydd's wife Elizabeth de Ferrers, their daughter Gwladys, infant niece Gwenllian ferch Llywelyn, and Dafydd's six illegitimate daughters were also taken prisoner at the same time. Whether they were with Dafydd and Owain at Bera is not recorded, but it is likely.

paragraph: On 28 June, Llywelyn ap Dafydd was captured. Edward triumphantly proclaimed that the last of the "treacherous lineage", princes of the "turbulent nation", was now in his grasp, captured by men of his own nation ("per homines linguae suae").

paragraph: Welsh resistance to the invasion temporarily came to an end. On 28 June, Edward issued writs to summon a parliament to meet at Shrewsbury, to discuss Dafydd's fate.

paragraph: On 30 September, Dafydd ap Gruffudd, Prince of Wales, was condemned to death, the first person known to have been tried and executed for what from that time onwards would be described as high treason against the King. Edward ensured that Dafydd's death was to be slow and agonising, and also historic; he became the first prominent person in recorded history to have been hanged, drawn and quartered, preceded by a number of minor knights earlier in the thirteenth century. Dafydd was dragged through the streets of Shrewsbury attached to a horse's tail then hanged alive, revived, then disembowelled and his entrails burned before him for "his sacrilege in committing his crimes in the week of Christ's passion", and then his body cut into four-quarters "for plotting the king's death". Geoffrey of Shrewsbury was paid 20 shillings for carrying out the gruesome act on 3 October 1283.

paragraph: Dafydd's daughter Gwladys, like her cousin Gwenllian ferch Llywelyn, was sent to a convent in Lincolnshire – Gwenllian to Sempringham and Gwladys to Sixhills, where she died in 1336. Dafydd's sons were both imprisoned at Bristol Castle; Llywelyn ap Dafydd died at Bristol Castle in mysterious circumstances in 1287 or 1288, while Owain ap Dafydd is last found living in August 1325. Dafydd may have had another (illegitimate) son, Dafydd Goch, who survived.

paragraph: One cadet member of the ruling House of Cunedda also survived, Madog ap Llywelyn, who led a nationwide revolt in 1294–95.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Dafydd's parents were Gruffudd ap Llywelyn ab Iorwerth (died 1244) and his wife Senana.

paragraph: Section::::Family.:Brothers.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Owain Goch ap Gruffydd (died c. 1282)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Prince of Wales (killed at Battle of Orewin Bridge at Builth Wells, 11 December 1282) married Eleanor de Montfort, daughter of Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester. They had one daughter, Gwenllian. Eleanor died in childbirth at Llywelyn's court at Abergwyngregyn on 19 June 1282.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rhodri ap Gruffudd (died c. 1315) married 1) Beatrice, daughter of David of Malpas. 2) unknown. He had a son Thomas ap Rhodri (died 1363) by his second marriage, who was the father of Owain ap Thomas (died 1378).

paragraph: Section::::Family.:Sisters.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gwladus ferch Gruffudd (died 1261) married Rhys Fychan (died 1271) of Ystrad Tywi.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Margaret ferch Gruffudd married Madog II ap Gruffydd, Lord of Dinas Bran (died 1277) of Powys Fadog. They had two sons, Gruffudd ap Madog and Llywelyn ap Madog. The two boys died in mysterious circumstances shortly after the outbreak of war in 1282.

paragraph: Thomas Pennant states that the boys were "drowned in the River Dee" at Holt by their guardians John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey, and Roger Mortimer the younger. D. Powel mentions the "destruction" of the two princes, whose guardians, Warenne and Mortimer, "so garded their wardes wit so small regard, that they never returned to their possessions. And shortlie after the said guardians did obtaine the same lands to themselves by charters of the king."

paragraph: BULLET::::- Through the marriage Dafydd came into possession of the manor of Folesham, Norfolk. He exchanged Folesham with John Marshal for the manor of Norton, Northamptonshire.

paragraph: BULLET::::- September 1278, he accepted a grant for life from Edward l, King of England, of the manor of Frodsham, near Chester.

paragraph: Section::::Family.:Children.

paragraph: After Dafydd's capture his sons were imprisoned for the rest of their lives at Bristol Castle; his daughter was sent to a convent.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Llywelyn ap Dafydd (died 1287)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Owain ap Dafydd (died c.1325)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gwladys ferch Dafydd (died 1336)

paragraph: In addition, Dafydd is recorded in late genealogical sources as having sired an illegitimate child, Dafydd Goch, though there is no contemporary evidence to support this.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Riley "Willelmi Rishanger: quondam Monachi S. Albani, Chronica et Annales" (Rolls Ser. 28) (1865): 91 (“David, fuga dilapsus, multis annis cum Rege Angliæ stetit; a quo, contra morem gentis suæ, miles factus, in ista guerra, ob probitatem et fidelitatem suam, plurimum erat Regi acceptus: unde et eidem castrum de Dimby [Denbigh] contulit in Wallia, cum terris ad valorem mille librarum annui redditus; insuper et uxorem dedit, filiam Comitis Derbeyæ, quæ nuper alio viro fuerat viduata.") [also see Hog F. Nicholai Triveti, de ordine frat. praedicatorum, Annales (English Hist. Soc.) (1865): 298].

paragraph: BULLET::::- Luard "Annales Monastici" 3 (Rolls Ser. 36) (1866): 298 (Annals of Dunstable sub A.D. 1283: "Eodem anno David, germanus Leulini, principis Walliæ, captus est per gentem domini regis ...et filius suus legitimus captus est cum eo ... Uxor etiam ipsius David, quæ fuit filia comitis de Ferares, alias capta est et inprisonata.").

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bellamy, J. G. "The Law of Treason in England in the Later Middle Ages" (Cambridge University Press, 1970)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maud, Ralph, "David the last prince of Wales. The Ten "lost" months of Welsh History."

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pryce, Huw (ed.) "The Acts of Welsh Rulers 1120–1283" (Cardiff, 2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Smith, J. Beverley "Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Prince of Wales" (Cardiff, 1998), p. 579

description: Prince of Wales and last independent ruler of Wales

wikidata_label: Dafydd ap Gruffydd

wikipedia_title: Dafydd ap Gruffydd


text:
French
World War II
Battle of France
Battle of Dunkirk
Free French Forces
General de Gaulle
Special Air Service
North Africa
French Resistance
Brittany
Bassussarry
French Basque Country
Battle of France
Middle East
Suez Canal
Special Air Service
Major Stirling
rear
Libya
Cairo
Tunisia
Mareth Line
Médaille militaire
Algiers
Brittany
Lorient
Quiberon
Nantes
Loire
Blain
Loire-Atlantique
Sare
Pyrénées-Atlantiques
Companion of the Liberation
Médaille militaire
Croix de guerre 1939-1945
Médaille de la Résistance
Military Cross

categories: Recipients of the Resistance Medal,Companions of the Liberation,French-Basque people,1944 deaths,1917 births,French military personnel of World War II

paragraph: Victor Iturria

paragraph: Victor Iturria (22 October 1914 – 25 August 1944) was a French paratrooper during World War II. He served as an anti-tank gunner during the Battle of France and was evacuated to England during the Battle of Dunkirk, where he joined the Free French Forces under General de Gaulle. Iturria was assigned to the Free French paratroopers that joined the British Special Air Service in North Africa, with them he took part in several raids behind enemy lines. In 1944 he parachuted into occupied France during the liberation and fought with the French Resistance in Brittany and then in Southern France, where he was killed in an ambush.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Victor Iturria was born on 22 October 1914 in Bassussarry in the French Basque Country. He was mobilized and took part in the Battle of France as corporal and gunner of a 25 mm anti-tank gun. As such, he received a citation for having, by himself, disabling seven German tanks during an attack. Severely wounded during the retreat to Dunkirk in May 1940, he was evacuated to a hospital in England.

paragraph: He was reinstated in early July 1940 and joined the Free French Forces, becoming a paratrooper in the 1st Air Infantry Company established in England in late September 1940 by Captain Georges Bergé. With his unit, now the 1st Parachute Company, he embarked for the Middle East in July 1941.

paragraph: In September 1941, the 1st Parachute Company was renamed the Parachute Platoon of the Levant and then, as part of the Air Force, it was renamed the 1st Parachute Chasseur Company of the Free French Air Force. After being stationed at Beirut and Damascus, the unit moved in January 1942 to Kabret on the banks of the Suez Canal. It was integrated into Special Air Service Brigade (SAS Brigade) commanded by Major Stirling. The French SAS becomes the French Squadron and, equipped with jeeps, they became famous for raids against the German rear and airfields.

paragraph: On 12 June 1942 in Libya, Victor Iturria took part in an attack, led by André Zirnheld, on an airfield in Benghazi. The following month, under command of Captain Jordan, he took part in three attacks on airfields in Cyrenaica and then, in August, an attack against Benghazi. In January 1943, he left Cairo with his unit for a 3 000 km raid to Tunisia, where it contributed to destroy the line of communication in the rear of the Mareth Line, where the Germans have stabilized their positions. Having already received two citations in the Order of the Army, he was decorated with the Médaille militaire in Algiers. .

paragraph: He returned to England with the survivors of the French Squadron, which became the 1st Air Infantry Battalion (1er BIA) in July 1943 and then the 4th Air Infantry Battalion (4e BIA) in November. Promoted to adjudant, Victor Iturria was made an instructor. On 1 July 1944, the 4e BIA changed name again 2nd Parachute Chasseur Regiment of the Air Force (2e RCP). Iturria was parachuted into Brittany on 3 August 1944. A week later, he took part in the attack on Lorient and on 15 August, at Quiberon, with his section, he captured a hundred prisoners. Sent to Nantes with the 2e RCP, he patrolled along the Loire.

paragraph: On 25 August, Victor Iturria was killed by a machine gun burst in an ambush near Blain in Loire-Atlantique department. He was buried in the village of Sare in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department.

paragraph: Section::::Decorations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Companion of the Liberation (29 December 1944)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Médaille militaire

paragraph: BULLET::::- Croix de guerre 1939-1945

paragraph: BULLET::::- Médaille de la Résistance with rosette

paragraph: BULLET::::- Military Cross (UK)

description: French paratrooper during World War II

wikidata_label: Victor Iturria

wikipedia_title: Victor Iturria


text:
Siracusa
Italian
auto racing
Italian Formula Three Championship
Italian Superturismo Championship
European Touring Car Championship
World Touring Car Championship
N. Technology
Alfa Romeo
Alfa Romeo 156
Puebla
Le Mans Series
Saleen S7R
Official Site.

categories: 1980 births,Italian Formula Three Championship drivers,Italian racing drivers,European Le Mans Series drivers,European Touring Car Championship drivers,Auto GP drivers,World Touring Car Championship drivers,Living people

paragraph: Salvatore Tavano

paragraph: Salvatore Tavano (born 13 March 1980 in Siracusa) is an Italian auto racing driver.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: After starting his racing career in karting, Tavano spent two years in the Italian Formula Three Championship. He finished fourth in 1998 and third in 1999. In 2001 he competed in the European Formula 3000 Championship. He was the Italian Super Production Champion in 2003. In 2005 he managed to finish third in the Italian Superturismo Championship. From 2002 he spent three years driving in the European Touring Car Championship.

paragraph: His success in Touring cars led to a drive in selected rounds of the 2005 World Touring Car Championship for the DB Motorsport team. In 2006 he competed again in the WTCC, for the N. Technology ran, works Alfa Romeo team, in an Alfa Romeo 156. The highlight of the year was a race win in round eleven at Puebla. Despite this result, a largely disappointing season saw him end the year in eighteenth place.

paragraph: In 2007 he competed in the Le Mans Series in the GT1 Class with a Saleen S7R. He has also driven in the Italian GT Championship.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Site.

description: Italian racing driver

wikidata_label: Salvatore Tavano

wikipedia_title: Salvatore Tavano


text:
Italian
Genoa
Christopher Columbus
Republic of Genoa
Lisbon
cartography
spice trade
England
Henry VII
Charles VIII
France
Castile
Isabella I of Castile
Ferdinand II of Aragon
second voyage
New World
Hispaniola
Adelantado
Santo Domingo
Dominican Republic
Francisco de Bobadilla
Belén River
Ngäbe
el Quibían
Antilles
Diego
the King
Mona Island
Puerto Rico
Hispaniola
Saint Barthélemy
Bartolomé Colómbo

categories: Colonial governors of Santo Domingo,Columbus family,1515 deaths,People of the Republic of Genoa,1460s births,Italian explorers of North America,Italian explorers

paragraph: Bartholomew Columbus

paragraph: Bartholomew Columbus (; ; ; ; – 1515) was an Italian explorer from Genoa and the younger brother of Christopher Columbus.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born in the Republic of Genoa, in the 1470s Bartholomew was a mapmaker in Lisbon, the principal center of cartography of the time, and conceived with his brother the "Enterprise of the Indies", a planned expedition to reach the Orient and its lucrative spice trade by a western rather than an eastern route. In 1489 he went to England to seek assistance from Henry VII for the execution of the expedition. He was taken by pirates and landed in England in a destitute condition, and on presenting himself at Court was unfavorably received. He then sought help at the court of Charles VIII in France, again without success.

paragraph: Meanwhile, his brother Christopher was in Castile trying to persuade Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon to back the expedition. When word arrived in 1493 that his brother had succeeded, Bartholomew returned to Spain, where he missed Christopher, who had already left on the second voyage of his four to the "New World".

paragraph: Funded by the crown, Bartholomew Columbus traveled to Hispaniola in 1494 to meet his brother, where he was given the title of governor, Adelantado, during his brother's absences. He founded the city of Santo Domingo on Hispaniola between 1496 and 1498, which is now the capital of the Dominican Republic. He was imprisoned together with Christopher and another brother, Giacomo (also called Diego), by Francisco de Bobadilla and returned to Spain in December 1500.

paragraph: After the Court acquitted Christopher Columbus of all of the charges, the Crown funded Christopher Columbus's fourth and last voyage to the West Indies. Bartholomew accompanied his brother on this final New World voyage, and was to be left with a garrison near the Belén River. Bartholomew's men were attacked by the local Ngäbe leader, el Quibían.

paragraph: Following Christopher Columbus's death in Spain in 1506, Bartholomew returned to the Antilles in 1509, accompanying his nephew Diego, but Bartholomew soon returned to Spain when the King confirmed his concession involving Mona Island near Puerto Rico; the King would reclaim the appealing little island from Bartholomew's heirs after Bartholomew's death on 12 August 1514 (by which time Bartholomew had returned to Hispaniola).

paragraph: Bartholomew Columbus is known to have fathered a daughter out of wedlock, named Maria and born in 1508.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: The island of Saint Barthélemy in the Caribbean was named in his honour by Christopher Columbus.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- English edition:

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bartolomé Colómbo

description: Italian explorer

wikidata_label: Bartholomew Columbus

wikipedia_title: Bartholomew Columbus


text:
Deputy
nobility
Estates General of 1789
National Constituent Assembly
departments
metric system
Alexander Hamilton
Mézières
Fort de Joux
Louis XVI
Cross of St. Louis
Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette
Rochefort
Austria
Olmütz
Campo-Formio
Hamburg
Delaware River
consulate government
coup of 18 Brumaire
Thomas Jefferson
First Consul
prefect
Allier
Rhône
Legion of Honour
Gênes
Genoa
Parma
Chambre des comptes
Franche-Comté
Pierre Poivre
Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours
Georges de Lafayette
General Lafayette
Antoine Destutt de Tracy

categories: French engineers,French nobility,Members of the National Constituent Assembly,1806 deaths,Prefects of Allier,French prisoners of war in the 18th century,Knights of the Order of Saint Louis,1750 births,Commandeurs of the Légion d'honneur,Prefects of Rhône (department),French Army officers,People from Haute-Saône,Politicians from Bourgogne-Franche-Comté

paragraph: Jean-Xavier Bureau de Pusy

paragraph: Section::::Political career.

paragraph: Deputy of nobility for the bailliage d'Amont in the Estates General of 1789 that became the National Constituent Assembly, Jean-Xavier Bureau de Pusy was three times named president of the National Constituent Assembly:

paragraph: BULLET::::- from 2 to 24 February 1790;

paragraph: BULLET::::- from 11 to 24 September 1790;

paragraph: BULLET::::- from 24 May to 5 June 1791.

paragraph: He contributed actively to the division of France into 83 departments, in 1790, and with the metric system.

paragraph: In 1790, he corresponded with Alexander Hamilton.

paragraph: Section::::Military career.

paragraph: On 1 January 1771 he entered the School of Engineering at Mézières as a second lieutenant. He was a military engineer at the Fort de Joux in 1786, in 1789 he was captain with the Royal corps of Engineers.

paragraph: After the session of the National Constituent Assembly, he resumed as a captain in the engineering corps, and continued to defend the constitutional principles. On January 1, 1792, Louis XVI gave him the Cross of St. Louis.

paragraph: In 1792, he was a subordinate under Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette, at Metz. He, Lafayette, and some other officers were taken prisoner by the Austrians near Rochefort when de Pusy asked for rights of transit through Austrian territory on behalf of a group of French officers. This was initially granted, as it had been for others fleeing France, but was revoked when the famous Lafayette was recognized. He was imprisoned by the Austrians at the fortress of Olmütz in 1792. He was released in 1797, under the terms of the treaty of Campo-Formio (18 October 1797).

paragraph: He the then went to Hamburg. From there he traveled to the United States, where he received a warm welcome as Lafayette companion in misfortune. He was offered vast, land grants on the banks of the Delaware River, but he had not given up on returning to France, and when the consulate government had, after the coup of 18 Brumaire, struck off the list of "émigrés" members of the National Constituent Assembly who had recognized the sovereignty of the people, he hastened to return.

paragraph: In 1799, he corresponded with Thomas Jefferson.

paragraph: Section::::Consulate and Empire.

paragraph: On 11 Brumaire X (2 November 1801), the First Consul appointed him the prefect of Allier, and then, on 11 Thermidor X (30 July 1802), that of the Rhône; it showed a very conciliatory spirit, and showed himself able administrator.

paragraph: He was made a Commandeurs of the Legion of Honour on 25 Prairial XII (14 June 1804). He was appointed prefect of Gênes (Genoa) on 15 Messidor year XIII (4 July 1805); he had to suppress a riot of Parma, and was able to without shedding a drop of blood. He caught an illness that he died from on this exposition.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: He was the son of Jean-Baptiste Bureau de Pusy de Port-sur-Saône, conseiller correcteur of the Chambre des comptes of Franche-Comté, and grandson of Pierre-François Choullat. He was the son-in-law of Pierre Poivre. His mother-in-law, Françoise Robin, married Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours. His son, Maurice de Pusy (1799–1864), married Mathilde de Lafayette, daughter of Georges de Lafayette and Emilie de Tracy, and granddaughter of General Lafayette and Antoine Destutt de Tracy.

description: French politician

wikidata_label: Jean-Xavier Bureau de Pusy

wikipedia_title: Jean-Xavier Bureau de Pusy