text:
Jupiter
dharma
Guru
Devas
Angiras
Agni
Mahabharata
Dharmasastra
Manusmriti
Barhaspatya sutras
Charvaka
Sanskrit
Aryabhata
Hindu astrology
Jupiter
Thursday
Navagraha
Hindu astrology
Greek
astrology
Alexander the Great
tiger
stick
lotus
beads
Chandra
Budha
Dyaus Pita
Jupiter
Zeus

categories: Navagraha,Rigvedic deities,Hindu gods,Knowledge gods

paragraph: Bṛhaspati

paragraph: Bṛhaspati (, often written as Brihaspati) is an Indian name, and refers to different mythical figures depending on the age of the text. In ancient Hindu literature Brihaspati is a Vedic era sage who counsels the gods, while in some medieval texts the word refers to the largest planet Jupiter.

paragraph: Section::::Sage.

paragraph: Bṛhaspati appears in the Rigveda (pre-1000 BCE), such as in the dedications to him in the hymn 50 of Book 4; he is described as a sage born from the first great light, the one who drove away darkness, is bright and pure, and carries a special bow whose string is "Rta" or "cosmic order" (basis of dharma). His knowledge and character is revered, and he is considered Guru (teacher) by all the Devas. In the Vedic literature and other ancient texts, sage Brihaspati is also called by other names such as Bramanaspati, Purohita, Angirasa (son of Angiras) and Vyasa; he is sometimes identified with god Agni (fire). His wife is "Tara" (or goddess who personifies the stars in the sky). In the Mahabharata, the son of Brihaspati named Bharadvaja is the counsellor of the Pandavas.

paragraph: The reverence for sage Brihaspati endured through the medieval period, and one of the many Dharmasastras was named after him. While the manuscripts of "Brihaspati Smriti" ("") have not survived into the modern era, its verses were cited in other Indian texts. Scholars have made an effort to extract these cited verses, thus creating a modern reconstruction of Bṛhaspatismriti. Jolly and Aiyangar have gathered some 2,400 verses of the lost Bṛhaspatismṛti text in this manner. Brihaspati Smriti was likely a larger and more comprehensive text than Manusmriti, and the available evidence suggests that the discussion of the judicial process and jurisprudence in Brihaspati Smriti was oft cited.

paragraph: Section::::Sage.:Brhaspati sutras.

paragraph: "Brhaspati sutras", also called the "Barhaspatya sutras", is an ancient Sanskrit text named after a Vedic era sage Brhaspati, known for its theories of materialism and anti-theism. Its tenets are at the foundation of the Charvaka school of non-orthodox Hindu philosophy. The "Brihaspati Sutras" manuscript has been lost to history or yet to be found. However, the text is quoted in other Hindu, Buddhist and Jaina texts, and this secondary literature has been the source for reconstructing the "Brhaspati sutras" partially.

paragraph: Some scholars suggest that "Brhaspati sutras" are named after Brhaspati in the Vedas, but other scholars dispute this theory because the text rejects the Vedas.

paragraph: Section::::Planet.

paragraph: Brhaspati as a planet appears in various Hindu astronomical texts in Sanskrit, such as the 5th century "Aryabhatiya" by Aryabhata, the 6th century "Romaka" by Latadeva and "Panca Siddhantika" by Varahamihira, the 7th century "Khandakhadyaka" by Brahmagupta and the 8th century "Sisyadhivrddida" by Lalla. These texts present Brhaspati as one of the planets and estimate the characteristics of the respective planetary motion. Other texts such as "Surya Siddhanta" dated to have been complete sometime between the 5th century and 10th century present their chapters on various planets with deity mythologies.

paragraph: The manuscripts of these texts exist in slightly different versions, present Brhaspati's motion in the skies, but vary in their data, suggesting that the text were open and revised over their lives. The texts slightly disagree in their data, in their measurements of Brhaspati's revolutions, apogee, epicycles, nodal longitudes, orbital inclination, and other parameters. For example, both "Khandakhadyaka" and "Surya Siddhanta" of Varaha state that Brhaspati completes 364,220 revolutions every 4,320,000 earth years, an Epicycle of Apsis as 32 degrees, and had an apogee (aphelia) of 160 degrees in 499 CE; while another manuscript of "Surya Siddhanta" accepts the revolutions to be 364,220, but revises the apogee to 171 degrees and 16 seconds and the Epicycle slightly.

paragraph: The 1st millennium CE Hindu scholars had estimated the time it took for sidereal revolutions of each planet including Brhaspati, from their astronomical studies, with slightly different results:

paragraph: Section::::Zodiac.

paragraph: In medieval mythologies particularly those associated with Hindu astrology, Brihaspati has a second meaning and refers to Jupiter. It became the root of the word 'Brihaspativara' or Thursday in the Hindu calendar. Brihaspati as Jupiter is part of the Navagraha in Hindu zodiac system, considered auspicious and benevolent. The word "Thursday" in the Greco-Roman and other Indo-European calendars is also dedicated to planet Jupiter (god of sky and thunder). The zodiac and naming system of Hindu astrology, including Brihaspati as Jupiter, likely developed in the centuries after the arrival of Greek astrology with Alexander the Great, their zodiac signs being nearly identical.

paragraph: Section::::Iconography.

paragraph: The icon of Brihaspati makes his body golden, with his legs striped blue and his head covered with a halo of moon and stars. He holds different items depending on the region. In Sri Lanka, he holds phallus in two hands, while in other parts of South Asia he holds a container containing soma, sometimes with a tamed tiger. Elsewhere, his icon carries a stick, a lotus and beads. Brihaspati was married to Tara. In medieval mythologies, Tara was abducted by Chandra. Tara bore a son, Budha (planet Mercury).

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dyaus Pita

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jupiter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zeus

alias: Deva-guru Guru Brhaspati Bṛhaspati

description: Vedic sage, alternatively the Indic name of planet Jupiter, also a Hindu deity

wikidata_label: Brihaspati

wikipedia_title: Bṛhaspati


text:
Singapore
Seremban
Negri Sembilan
Malaysia
Singapore general elections in 1959
Geylang West
first cabinet
Education
Health
Speeches by Yong Nyuk Lin

categories: People from Meixian District,Singaporean people of Hakka descent,Members of the Parliament of Singapore,People's Action Party politicians,2012 deaths,Members of the Dewan Rakyat,1918 births,Singaporean politicians of Chinese descent

paragraph: Yong Nyuk Lin

paragraph: Yong Nyuk Lin (; 24 June 1918 – 29 June 2012) was a Singaporean politician. He was born in Seremban, Negri Sembilan, Malaysia and studied in Singapore. He was the general manager of Overseas Assurance Company for 18 years before he resigned to stand for the Singapore general elections in 1959. He became the Member of Parliament for Geylang West. He was in Singapore's first cabinet and served as a minister from 1959 to 1976. His portfolios included Education, Health and Communications. From 1975 to 1977, Mr. Yong was appointed Singapore's High Commissioner to the United Kingdom.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Speeches by Yong Nyuk Lin

description: Singapore politician

wikidata_label: Yong Nyuk Lin

wikipedia_title: Yong Nyuk Lin


text:
saint
Greek Orthodox Church
Roman Catholic Church
seventy disciples
Bishop of Carthage
Cartagena
Saint Paul
Province of Asia
Christianity
Ephesus
Pseudo-Hippolytus
Cartagena
Silas
Silvanus
Crescens
Andronicus

categories: Saints from Roman Anatolia,Converts to Christianity from pagan religions,1st-century bishops,Seventy disciples,Christian saints from the New Testament

paragraph: Epenetus of Carthage

paragraph: Epenetus or Epaentus () is a saint in the Greek Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church, considered one of the seventy disciples and may have been the first Bishop of Carthage or Cartagena. In the 16th chapter of St. Paul's letter to the Romans, Epenetus is referred to by Saint Paul as "my beloved" and given the great distinction of being named the "first convert in the Province of Asia".

paragraph: Epaentus was a convert to Christianity in Ephesus. In the of the seventy disciples by the Pseudo-Dorotheus and Pseudo-Hippolytus, Epaenetus figures as Bishop of Carthage or Cartagena. The Greek Orthodox Church remembers Epenetus on January 4 among the Seventy, and on July 30 with Apostles Silas and Silvanus, Crescens, and Andronicus.

description: priest

wikidata_label: Epenetus of Carthage

wikipedia_title: Epenetus of Carthage


text: Bonn

text: Berlin

text: physiologist

text: Bonn

text: aviation medicine

text: medicine

text: University of Bonn

text: Max Schultze

text: Berlin

text: Eduard Pflüger

text: Landwirtschaftliche Hochschule Berlin

text: Berlin

text: metabolism

text: respiration

text: nutrition

text: Monte Rosa

text: Hermann von Schrötter

text: meteorologists

text: Arthur Berson

text: Reinhard Süring

text: balloon

text: Pico de Teide

text: Canary Islands

text: Arnold Durig

text: Joseph Barcroft

text: August Julius Geppert

text: treadmill

text: sports medicine

text: metabolism

text: Adolf Loewy

text: Cat Inist

text: German Wikipedia

text: Virtual Laboratory

categories: 1847 births,1920 deaths,German Jews,University of Bonn alumni,German physiologists,People from Bonn

paragraph: Nathan Zuntz

paragraph: Nathan Zuntz (6 October 1847, in Bonn – 22 March 1920, in Berlin) was a German physiologist born in Bonn. He was a pioneer of modern altitude physiology and aviation medicine.

paragraph: Section::::Academic career.

paragraph: He studied medicine at the University of Bonn, where he was an assistant to Max Schultze. In 1868 he earned his doctorate, and following a study trip to Berlin, returned to Bonn in 1870 as an assistant to physiologist Eduard Pflüger. The following year he became a lecturer at the University of Bonn, and in 1872 was an honorary professor of physiology at the "Landwirtschaftlichen Akademie" at Poppelsdorf. From 1881 until his retirement in 1919, he was a professor at the Landwirtschaftliche Hochschule Berlin (Royal Agricultural College) in Berlin. In 1884, Nathan Zuntz was elected as member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.

paragraph: Section::::Scientific investigations.

paragraph: Zuntz was involved in many facets of physiological research, including metabolism, respiration and nutrition, and is well known for his work in high-altitude physiology. He conducted extensive research on the physiological changes in animals and humans in extreme conditions. Many of his field studies were conducted at Capanna Regina Margherita, a research station at the apex of Monte Rosa, Italy. In 1902 with his assistant Hermann von Schrötter and meteorologists Arthur Berson and Reinhard Süring, he made two high-altitude balloon ascents in which they reached an altitude of 5000 meters. In 1910 Zuntz participated in a scientific expedition to Pico de Teide in the Canary Islands with Schrötter and physiologists Arnold Durig (1872-1961) and Joseph Barcroft (1872-1947).

paragraph: He published a number of articles on high-altitude medicine, and one of his better known works was "Höhenklima und Bergwanderungen in ihrer Wirkung auf den Menschen" (High-Altitude Climate and Mountaineering and their Effect on Humans). In 1885 with August Julius Geppert (1856-1937), he created the Zuntz-Geppert respiratory apparatus, and for field studies Zuntz invented a portable "Gasuhr" (dry gas measuring device). In 1889 he constructed an early treadmill ("Laufband"), and in 1914 added an X-ray apparatus to the machine in order to observe cardiac changes during exercise. In addition, he opened the first laboratory dedicated to sports medicine in Germany (1911).

paragraph: Section::::Selected publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Der Stoffwechsel des Pferdes bei Ruhe und Arbeit" (The metabolism of the horse at rest and work), 1889 (with C. Lehmann and O. Hagemann)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Studien zu einer Physiologie des Marsches" (Studies on physiology of marches) Berlin, 1901 (with W. Schumburg)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ergebnisse zweier Ballonfahrten zu physiologischen Zwecken" (Results of two balloon rides for physiological purposes) Pflügers Archiv 92 (1902), 479-520 (with H. von Schrötter)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Höhenklima und Bergwanderungen in ihrer Wirkung auf den Menschen. Ergebnisse experimenteller Forschungen im Hochgebirge und Laboratorium" (High-altitude climate and mountaineering and their effect on humans. Results of experimental research in the high mountains and the laboratory), 1906 (with Adolf Loewy, F. Müller and W. Caspari)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lehrbuch der Physiologie des Menschen" (Textbook of human physiology), 1909 (with A. Loewy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zur Physiologie und Hygiene der Luftfahrt" (The physiology and hygiene involving aviation), 1912

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cat Inist (biography of Nathan Zuntz)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "This article incorporates information based on a translation of an equivalent article at the German Wikipedia".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography, bibliography and links to online-sources in the Virtual Laboratory of the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science

description: German physiologist

wikidata_label: Nathan Zuntz

wikipedia_title: Nathan Zuntz


text:
basketball
Messmer High School
Milwaukee
Wisconsin
small forward
Northwest College
Powell, Wyoming
University of Iowa
during his senior year
Cleveland Cavaliers
1970 NBA Draft
1970 ABA Draft
Texas Chaparrals
NBA All Star Game
Seattle SuperSonics
Fred Brown
1977–78
NBA championship
1978–79
point forward
Dennis Johnson
Gus Williams
NBA
NBA All-Star Game
Stanford University

categories: People from Carthage, Mississippi,National Basketball Association All-Stars,African-American basketball players,2016 deaths,Basketball players from Mississippi,All-American college men's basketball players,Junior college men's basketball players in the United States,Small forwards,Basketball players from Wisconsin,Cleveland Cavaliers draft picks,Sportspeople from Milwaukee,1947 births,Iowa Hawkeyes men's basketball players,Seattle SuperSonics players,American men's basketball players,Cleveland Cavaliers players,Houston Rockets players,Texas Chaparrals draft picks,Portland Trail Blazers players

paragraph: John Johnson (basketball)

paragraph: John Howard Getty "J. J." Johnson (October 18, 1947 – January 7, 2016) was an American basketball player.

paragraph: Section::::High school and college.

paragraph: Johnson played high school basketball at Messmer High School, (Milwaukee, Wisconsin). As a senior, he helped lead Messmer to the Wisconsin state title in 1966.

paragraph: Johnson, a 6’7" small forward, then played for Northwest College in Powell, Wyoming and for the University of Iowa. He set an Iowa record for points in a season during his senior year, when he averaged 27.9 points per game. Johnson also holds Iowa's top two scoring performances with 49 and 46 points. Johnson played two seasons for Iowa, leading the team in scoring and rebounding both seasons. Johnson, accompanied by later Seattle Sonics teammate Fred Brown, guided Iowa to a 14-0 Big Ten record and NCAA tournament berth in 1970.

paragraph: Section::::NBA career.

paragraph: Johnson was selected by the Cleveland Cavaliers with the 7th pick of the 1970 NBA Draft. Johnson was also selected in the 1970 ABA Draft by the Texas Chaparrals. He was the Cavalier's first player to play in an NBA All Star Game.

paragraph: In 1977, Johnson was traded to the Seattle SuperSonics and was reunited with former Iowa Hawkeye teammate Fred Brown. Johnson was a key contributor for Seattle, who went to the NBA Finals in 1977–78 and won an NBA championship in 1978–79 while possibly becoming the first point forward in league history as he was the player who more often set the plays for the Sonics rather than their star guards Dennis Johnson and Gus Williams.

paragraph: Overall, Johnson had a productive twelve-year NBA career with four teams, making two NBA All-Star Game appearances and scoring 11,200 career points. He ended his NBA career in Seattle in the early 1980s.

paragraph: Section::::Later years.

paragraph: Johnson moved from Seattle to San Jose when his son Mitch was recruited to play for Stanford. His son played on the Stanford University basketball team from 2005 to 2008. On January 7, 2016, at age 68, John Johnson died in his San Jose residence of undetermined cause.

alias:
John Johnson
J. J. Johnson

description: American basketball player

wikidata_label: John Howard Getty  Johnson

wikipedia_title: John Johnson (basketball)


text: Greenville, North Carolina

text: baseball

text: relief pitcher

text: D. H. Conley High School

text: Winterville, North Carolina

text: Oakland Athletics

text: 1988 June draft

text: Phoenix Athletics

text: Arizona League

text: free agent

text: 1994 baseball strike

text: Houston Astros

text: Milwaukee Brewers

text: wins

text: struck out

text: earned run average

text: home run

text: Félix Rodríguez

text: Skip Lockwood

text: Chicago Cubs

text: Sammy Sosa

text: Roger Maris

text: Eric Plunk

text: San Francisco Giants

text: AAA

text: Fresno Grizzlies

text: save

text: Mexican League

text: Mexico City Red Devils

text: Tabasco Olmecas

text: Yucatán Lions

text: Brother Elephants

text: Chinese Professional Baseball League

text: Calgary Sun

text: Leones del Caracas

text: Tiburones de La Guaira

text: Venezuelan Professional Baseball League

text: Samsung Lions

text: Korea Professional Baseball

text: AZL Padres

text: Fort Wayne TinCaps

text: Midwest League

text: Naranjeros de Hermosillo

text: Mexican Pacific League

text: given name

text: Retrosheet

text: The Baseball Gauge

text: Venezuela Winter League

text: Korea Baseball Organization

text: An interview with Patrick

categories: Louisville Redbirds players,Arizona League Athletics players,KBO League pitchers,Diablos Rojos del México players,1970 births,Minor league baseball coaches,Brother Elephants players,San Francisco Giants players,Tiburones de La Guaira players,People from Greenville, North Carolina,Calgary Cannons players,New Orleans Zephyrs players,Samsung Lions players,American expatriate baseball players in Mexico,Leones de Yucatán players,Major League Baseball replacement players,American expatriate baseball players in South Korea,African-American baseball players,Baseball players from North Carolina,American expatriate baseball players in Taiwan,Fresno Grizzlies players,Milwaukee Brewers players,Major League Baseball pitchers,Modesto A's players,Living people,American expatriate baseball players in Canada,Leones del Caracas players,Olmecas de Tabasco players,Madison Muskies players,Mexican League baseball pitchers,Tacoma Tigers players,Huntsville Stars players

paragraph: Bronswell Patrick

paragraph: Bronswell Dante Patrick (born September 16, 1970 in Greenville, North Carolina) is a former baseball relief pitcher. He also played in several international leagues.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: After Patrick pitched at D. H. Conley High School in Winterville, North Carolina, the Oakland Athletics selected him with the 593rd overall pick of the 1988 June draft, as part of the 23rd round. Patrick started out with the Phoenix Athletics in the Arizona League and pitched in Oakland's system until , when he left as a minor league free agent.

paragraph: Patrick had agreed to play as a "replacement player" in the wake of the 1994 baseball strike, but his Major League debut was postponed when the two sides struck a deal. He continued to pitch in the minor leagues for affiliates of the Houston Astros and Milwaukee Brewers, and on May 18, 1998 he finally broke in as a reliever for the Brewers. He spent the majority of that season with the Brewers, pitching 78 innings while appearing mostly in relief. He collected four wins and one loss, struck out 49 batters, and posted a 4.69 earned run average. In a game on August 1, he hit a home run against Félix Rodríguez, becoming the first Brewers pitcher to hit a home run since Skip Lockwood in . In a September 13 game against the Chicago Cubs, Patrick surrendered a home run to Sammy Sosa, during Sosa's chase of the record for single-season home runs. The home run in question was Sosa's 61st of the season, tying the previous mark set by Yankees outfielder Roger Maris, and placing him one behind McGwire, who had hit his 62nd on September 8. Later in the same game, Sosa would hit his 62nd against Eric Plunk to pull into a tie with McGwire.

paragraph: After the season, the Brewers removed Patrick from their roster, and he joined the San Francisco Giants organization. Working as a starter for their AAA affiliate, the Fresno Grizzlies, Patrick set a Fresno record with 14 wins. The Giants rewarded him for his good work with a September callup, and he appeared in six games for them, picking up a win and a save despite a 10.12 ERA.

paragraph: The Giants removed him from their roster after the season, but Patrick has continued to pitch professionally. He was one of the top pitchers in the Mexican League in , with his 13-2 record helping the Mexico City Red Devils win their 14th championship. Most recently, he spent part of with the Tabasco Olmecas and Yucatán Lions of that same league, then joined the Brother Elephants of the Chinese Professional Baseball League. In a 2000 interview with the "Calgary Sun", Patrick was quoted as saying, "I'm going to continue to try and pitch as long as I can. Until they come and tell me they're taking the uniform away, and even then they're not getting it without a fight."

paragraph: In between, Patrick played winter ball with the Leones del Caracas and Tiburones de La Guaira clubs of the Venezuelan Professional Baseball League in three seasons spanning 1997–2005, and for the Samsung Lions of Korea Professional Baseball in 2002.

paragraph: In 2008, Patrick joined the staff of the AZL Padres as the team's pitching coach. He also worked in the same capacity for the Single-A Fort Wayne TinCaps of the Midwest League in the 2010 season.

paragraph: Patrick has coached for the Naranjeros de Hermosillo of the Mexican Pacific League, and was promoted to manager of the club for the 2018-19 season.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: According to Patrick, his unusual given name was suggested by an aunt, who claimed to have seen it used overseas. He has three children: two sons and one daughter.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: , or Retrosheet, or The Baseball Gauge, or Venezuela Winter League

paragraph: BULLET::::- Career statistics and player information from Korea Baseball Organization

paragraph: BULLET::::- An interview with Patrick

paragraph: BULLET::::- A photo of Patrick in action with the Brother Elephants

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Bronswell Patrick

wikipedia_title: Bronswell Patrick


text:
cricket
Lancashire
Test
One Day International
England
Accrington Stanley
the Bumblies
Michael Bentine
not out
first-class cricket
first-class
1999 Cricket World Cup
commentator
Test Match Special
Sky Sports
Accrington
Graham Lloyd
Cumberland
Accrington
Lancashire League cricket
Church
Cumberland
County Championship
Middlesex
Old Trafford cricket ground
pair
Gillette cup
Somerset
Taunton cricket ground
Sussex
Kent
Warwickshire
benefit year
The Oval
West Indies
Mike Denness
run out
India
Lord's
Geoffrey Boycott
Dennis Amiss
Tony Greig
Geoff Arnold
Chris Old
Edgbaston
Keith Fletcher
Headingley
Pakistan
Kennington Oval
Zaheer Abbas
home team
1974–75 Ashes series
Perth
Melbourne cricket ground
the SCG
Adelaide
John Arlott
Lillee
Thomson
Accrington Stanley F.C.
Essex
Cambridge
Nottinghamshire
Glamorgan
Trent Bridge
Dermot Reeve
Somerset
New Zealand
South Africa
winter tour to Zimbabwe
1997 Ashes series
Mike Atherton
England and Wales Cricket Board
Sri Lanka Cricket Board
Sri Lanka's
Muttiah Muralitharan
1998-99 Ashes series
Graham Gooch
Alec Stewart
Sky Sports
Test
one-day international
Twenty20
Half Man Half Biscuit
Talksport
2017 ICC Champions Trophy
Harper Collins
Graham Thorpe
Zimbabwe
Nasser Hussain
Andy Caddick
David Lloyd's 2009 Ashes

categories: Marylebone Cricket Club cricketers,Association footballers not categorized by position,England One Day International cricketers,English cricket commentators,1947 births,Living people,People from Accrington,D. B. Close's XI cricketers,English cricketers,English footballers,England Test cricketers,Cumberland cricketers,Lancashire cricketers,Accrington Stanley F.C. (1891) players,Lancashire cricket captains,English cricket umpires

paragraph: David Lloyd (cricketer)

paragraph: David Lloyd (born 18 March 1947) is an English cricket commentator and former cricketer who played county cricket for Lancashire and Test and One Day International cricket for England. He also played semi-professional football for Accrington Stanley. He is known through the cricketing world as "Bumble" because of the ostensible similarity between his facial profile and those of the Bumblies, characters from Michael Bentine's children's television programmes.

paragraph: A left-handed batsman and left-arm spin bowler, he played nine Tests, with a highest score of 214 not out, and eight One Day International matches. In first-class cricket he was a successful all-rounder, scoring a career aggregate of more than 19,000 runs and taking 237 wickets. He captained his county from 1973 to 1977. Following his retirement as a player, he became a first-class umpire, and subsequently Lancashire and England cricket coach, resigning the latter post following the 1999 Cricket World Cup. He then became a renowned cricket commentator for Test Match Special, and later Sky Sports, with whom he currently broadcasts. He is also an author, journalist and columnist.

paragraph: Section::::Early and personal life.

paragraph: Lloyd was born in Accrington, Lancashire in March 1947, and was educated at Accrington Secondary Technical School. His son, Graham Lloyd, was born on 1 July 1969, only four years into his father's career. Graham went on to play six ODI matches for England, and enjoyed a successful career for Lancashire, as well as with his father for Cumberland and Accrington. A second son, Ben Lloyd, also played Lancashire League cricket between 1999 and 2000, making seven appearances for Church. In 2018, Lloyd was given the freedom of Accrington.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.

paragraph: Lloyd had an extensive playing career, with 407 first-class matches and 288 one day games. He scored nearly 27,000 runs and took 276 wickets in his career for Lancashire and England, and took 423 catches. His batting average of 33.33 in all first-class cricket, and bowling average of 30.26, illustrate his capability as a successful all-rounder. He scored over 1,000 runs in a season on ten occasions, and scored hundreds in all three major domestic competitions. His total career spanned twenty years from 1965 to 1985, and he also played lower level cricket for Cumberland as well as league and club cricket in Accrington, for whom he continues to appear to this day along with his son. He scored the winning runs for Accrington in the final game of the 2009 season ensuring they won their seventh Lancashire League title. It was in the Lancashire League initially that Lloyd found enough success to attract the attention of the county selectors, playing 33 matches for Accrington between 28 July 1962 and his first-class debut.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:Lancashire.

paragraph: Lloyd played his first first-class match for Lancashire on 12 June 1965 in a County Championship match against Middlesex at Old Trafford cricket ground in Manchester. Lloyd batted at number seven, and made a pair – scores of zero in both innings – as Middlesex took a nine wicket victory. He did, however, take two wickets. He went on to struggle in his first season with the bat, playing 13 matches and scoring only 262 runs at 14.55 with a high score of 44. He did find success with the ball, however, taking 21 wickets at 31.33.

paragraph: Lloyd made his debut in one day matches on 22 June 1966 – the only one day match he would play that season. It was a Gillette cup quarter-final against Somerset at Taunton cricket ground. He failed to make an impression, batting at six Lloyd was dismissed without scoring, and was not called on to bowl. He did, however, enjoy greater success with the bat in first-class cricket – scoring 588 runs from 25 matches at 21.77, including two half-centuries and a best of 77. He also took 32 wickets at 24.87, the highest wicket tally of his career. 1967 saw similar returns: 14 matches yielding 316 runs at 21.06 including one half-century score of 52*, as well as a successful bowling season with 21 wickets at 21.14 and the second five-wicket haul of his career.

paragraph: 1968 saw Lloyd score his first century for Lancashire, against Cambridge University on 8 June. He scored 148 not out in a rain-affected draw. Lloyd would later state to "The Sunday Times" that this was the moment when he realised he wanted to be a cricketer. He went on to score 935 runs from 23 matches that season, largely batting up the order. His bowling suffered, however, taking only one wicket at 93.00.

paragraph: Lloyd became a regular one-day player for Lancashire in 1969, playing 16 matches that year and scoring 342 runs at 22.80. Lancashire did not use Lloyd's bowling in the one day games that year, though he did take four first-class wickets at 17.50, and continued to improve with the bat, scoring his second century, 102*, and reaching 1,238 runs from 27 matches at 31.74 – the first time he had topped 1,000 runs in a season.

paragraph: Lloyd collected three consecutive winner's medals for the Gillette Cup in 1970, 1971 and 1972 following finals victories over Sussex, Kent and Warwickshire. He scored over 1,000 runs in each of these seasons, and took 33 wickets throughout. 1972 saw 12 of these wickets taken at 28.25, and 1,510 runs at 47.18, including six centuries, making that year Lloyd's most successful season. He struggled in the one day games, however scoring only 290 runs at 16.11, nevertheless he was awarded the captaincy for 1973. The captaincy did nothing to affect his form, scoring 1,405 first-class runs that season at 40.14, including three centuries – one of which was a career best 195. He also took 31 wickets at 28.28. He played 24 one day matches, scoring 538 runs at 33.63 including a career best 113.

paragraph: Lloyd returned from Australia in 1975 following injury, and led Lancashire to their fourth Gillette title of the 1970s.

paragraph: Lloyd stepped down from the Lancashire captaincy in 1977, and was awarded a benefit year for 1978 which saw a then-record £40,171 raised.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.:England.

paragraph: Lloyd made his England ODI debut on 7 September 1973 at The Oval, London against the West Indies under the captaincy of Mike Denness. In this 55-over match, England were reduced to 189/9, Lloyd making only eight before being run out. The West Indies reached the target from 42.2 overs, for the loss of only two wickets. He was nevertheless called up to the Test squad for the second Test against India on 20 June 1974 at Lord's. Opening the batting in place of Geoffrey Boycott, Lloyd scored 46 as England reached 629 all out, thanks largely to a 188 from Dennis Amiss, 118 from Denness, and 106 from Tony Greig. India made 302 in their first innings reply, Lloyd bowling only two overs for four runs. Following on, India were dismantled by Geoff Arnold (four wickets) and Chris Old (five wickets), falling to 42 all out and giving England victory by an innings and 285 runs.

paragraph: Lloyd kept his place for the third Test against India at Edgbaston on 4 July. Batting first, and with the first day lost to rain, India were dismissed for 165 and by the end of day two, England were 117/0, with both Amiss and Lloyd not out with half-centuries. The next day, Amiss was dismissed for 79, however while in partnership with Denness (100) and Keith Fletcher (51*), Lloyd went on to score 214* from 396 balls, He hit 17 fours in his 448-minute innings, helping England to 459/2 declared. India were dismissed for 216, giving England another innings victory and the series 3–0. Lloyd thus ended his first Test series with a 260.00 Test batting average. He then went on to face India in two ODI matches at Headingley and The Oval on 13 and 15 July 1974. In the first, he made 34 from 63 balls as England won by four wickets, and in the second he scored 39 from 81 as England won by six wickets.

paragraph: Lloyd then faced Pakistan at Headingley on 25 July and Lord's on 8 August, making 48, nine, 23 and 12* as both matches ended in draws. England then met Pakistan at the Kennington Oval on 22 August for the third Test, where Pakistan reached 600/7 declared in the first innings thanks to a knock of 240 from Zaheer Abbas. In reply, Amiss hit 183 and Fletcher scored 122, however Lloyd only managed four in the first innings, and Pakistan could only make 94/4 before the match ended in a draw. Lloyd went on to play both ODI matches, scoring 116* in the first match from 159 balls, though in a losing cause and followed up with four in the second match.

paragraph: Lloyd then travelled to Australia to face the home team for the 1974–75 Ashes series. The first two Test matches took place in December. During the first, on 13 December at Perth, he scored 49 and 35 as Australia took a nine wicket victory. On 26 December they met again at Melbourne cricket ground, for a drawn match where Lloyd score 14 and 44. The following day, England and Australia played an ODI match at Melbourne. Lloyd made 49 from 95 balls as England won by three wickets. Returning to the Test matches, Lloyd scored 19 and 26 against the home side at the SCG on 4 January 1975, followed by four and five at Adelaide on 25 January. Both matches saw heavy defeats for England. Lloyd's Test average had now dropped down into the 40s, and following an injury which forced him to return home, he did not play Test cricket again. He had averaged only 24.50 from the four Test matches, scoring only 196 runs in all from eight innings, and John Arlott wrote in 1984 that, "in a side routed by the 'heart-line' attack of Lillee and Thomson, [Lloyd] was effectively shocked and shattered out of Test cricket."

paragraph: He was, however, recalled for two ODI matches in 1978 and 1980. The first, on 26 May 1978, was against Pakistan at The Oval, where he scored 34 from 61 balls, and the second and final match was on 28 May 1980 against the West Indies at Headingley. Here, he faced only eight balls batting down the order, scoring one run before breaking his arm, the tourists going on to win by 24 runs.

paragraph: Section::::Accrington Stanley.

paragraph: Lloyd has been a lifelong supporter of Accrington Stanley F.C., and played for them during the 1960s. Lloyd has maintained links with the club after his playing career ended, and in May 2009 he voiced his wishes to become involved in the club from the point of view of investment. He stated to the "Accrington Observer" that "I love football and always have. I was talking to Eric Whalley about it the other day and he said he wanted to sell and I wish I could afford to buy the club off him. I can't do that but I would like some involvement and perhaps raise the profile of Accrington Stanley. The town needs a football club – and I want to help to make sure they have one."

paragraph: Section::::Later career.

paragraph: Section::::Later career.:Umpiring.

paragraph: Following his retirement in 1983, Lloyd umpired first-class and List-A matches from 1985 to 1987. His first match was on 20 April 1985 between Cambridge University and Essex in Cambridge, and his last was on 9 September 1987 between Nottinghamshire and Glamorgan at Trent Bridge. In all, he oversaw 35 first-class matches and 27 List-A games, including tour matches for India and New Zealand.

paragraph: Section::::Later career.:Coaching.

paragraph: Section::::Later career.:Coaching.:Lancashire.

paragraph: Lloyd became Lancashire head coach in 1993, and went on to guide Lancashire to their third Benson and Hedges Cup title.

paragraph: In 1995, Lloyd came into conflict with Dermot Reeve, then coach of Somerset, while in the Old Trafford committee room. He stated, according to Reeve in his biography "Winning Ways": "I don't like you Reeve. I never have liked you. You get right up my nose and if you come anywhere near me, I'll rearrange yours."

paragraph: Section::::Later career.:Coaching.:England.

paragraph: Lloyd became England's coach in 1996, and saw England to Test series victories against India, New Zealand and South Africa, as well as ODI victories against India, Pakistan and the West Indies. He worked to expand England's support structure, including "a fitness consultant and a media relations officer, as well as a number of specialist coaches."

paragraph: In the winter tour to Zimbabwe, after two close draws, Lloyd generated controversy with his post-match statements. Speaking after the first Test in Bulawayo, which ended as a draw with the scores level, he stated "We murdered them. We got on top and steamrollered them. We have flipping hammered them. One more ball and we'd have walked it. We murdered them and they know it. To work so hard and get so close, there is no praise too high. We have had some stick off your lads. We flipping hammered them." The comments were not appreciated by Zimbabwe fans, with one banner in the crowd reading "Wanted. David Lloyd. For Murder of Zim Cricket Team. Last seen with his finger up his nose talking complete bollocks. He knows it and we know it."

paragraph: With his contract extended to 1997, he oversaw a 3–0 victory over Australia in the Texaco Trophy, and victory in the first Test of the 1997 Ashes series at Edgbaston, however three of the next four Tests were victories for Australia, allowing them to retain the Ashes despite England taking victory in the sixth and final match. Prior to the winter tour of the West Indies, Lloyd played a "leading part" in persuading Mike Atherton to carry on as captain. Despite defeat in the Caribbean and Atherton's eventual retirement, Lloyd's contract was renewed again for 1998.

paragraph: In September 1998, Lloyd received criticism from the England and Wales Cricket Board and the Sri Lanka Cricket Board for calling Sri Lanka's Muttiah Muralitharan a "chucker", as well as for frequent outbursts following poor England performances. He initially announced that he was stepping down from the coaching role during the 1998-99 Ashes series in Australia following the appointment of Graham Gooch as tour manager, however in March 1999 he stated that that year's Cricket World Cup would signal his retirement after talks with the ECB revealed that his contract was not to be renewed. England performed poorly at the tournament, failing to advance from the group stages, making them the only ever hosts at a Cricket World Cup to suffer this. Afterwards, Lloyd immediately joined Sky Sports as a commentator.

paragraph: The ECB Chairman Lord MacLaurin reported to the media that "We owe David a huge debt for the job he has done as England coach since taking over the role in 1996. During his time in the job, David has introduced many innovations that mean we are now world leaders in several aspects of our approach to the game at international level. It would be a fitting send-off for him if we could lift the World Cup for the first time this summer." Meanwhile, ECB Chief Executive Tim Lamb stated "David has done a magnificent job for England, including delivering our first five Test series victory for 12 years. For the moment nothing is more important than a successful World Cup campaign, and I know that David will give his all in achieving this." Lloyd also commented that "I've had a tremendous time with the England side and I'm looking forward to completing my tenure with a successful and enjoyable World Cup campaign. It was important for me to have a clear picture of what my future holds. Now that the matter is settled this means the team can focus exclusively on the World Cup." Alec Stewart spoke for the team, stating "It's disappointing news but it's been a real pleasure to work with "Bumble", a coach who is thorough, loyal to his players and completely professional. He has brought a real sense of passion to the job of England coach and it would be great to reward him with the World Cup as a final vote of thanks from the players for all he has done for us."

paragraph: Section::::Commentating.

paragraph: Lloyd has been a regular Sky Sports commentator since 1999. He is a regular on coverage of England's Test and one-day international cricket, but it is as the voice of Twenty20 cricket, since its launch in 2003, that he has become particularly known, with his excitable style and catchphrases such as "Start the Car!", the title of his second autobiography, although he has admitted he sees the game as "a form of entertainment using cricket equipment" rather than real cricket. Lloyd often makes reference to songs and lyrics by the band Half Man Half Biscuit in commentaries, often completely lost on other commentators working with him. Lloyd was also part of Talksport's live coverage of the 2017 ICC Champions Trophy.

paragraph: Section::::Books.

paragraph: In 2000, Lloyd published his autobiography, "Anything but Murder", published by Harper Collins. The book received criticism on 15 May 2000, from former England batsman Graham Thorpe who reacted to Lloyd's criticism of him and his influence on the team at a moment when Thorpe had been left out of a match against Zimbabwe. Lloyd also criticised Nasser Hussain and Andy Caddick; Hussain as poor in his preparation for Test matches, and Caddick as insecure about his cricket. Lloyd later stated that he had "been taken a little bit by surprise by the criticism of the reference to players."

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- David Lloyd's 2009 Ashes Twitter

description: cricketer

wikidata_label: David Lloyd

wikipedia_title: David Lloyd (cricketer)


text:
Czechoslovak
Vysoké nad Jizerou
military patrol team
1924
Nordic combined
ski jumping
FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1925
1926
ski jumping
Winter Olympics
Josef Bím

categories: 1901 births,Olympic Nordic combined skiers of Czechoslovakia,Ski jumpers at the 1924 Winter Olympics,Nordic combined skiers at the 1924 Winter Olympics,Czechoslovak male Nordic combined skiers,People from Vysoké nad Jizerou,Czechoslovak male ski jumpers,Olympic ski jumpers of Czechoslovakia,Czechoslovak military patrol (sport) runners,Ski jumpers at the 1928 Winter Olympics,Olympic biathletes of Czechoslovakia,1934 deaths,Military patrol competitors at the 1924 Winter Olympics

paragraph: Josef Bím

paragraph: Josef Bím (24 January 1901 – 5 September 1934) was a Czechoslovak soldier and skier.

paragraph: Bím was born in Vysoké nad Jizerou. He was a member of the national Olympic military patrol team in 1924 which placed fourth. Furthermore he finished 13th at the Nordic combined event and 26th at the ski jumping competition.

paragraph: He also took part at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1925 and 1926, where he finished 5th at the Nordic combined event in 1925 and 23rd in 1926. At ski jumping he failed in 1926.

paragraph: In 1928 he placed 20th at the ski jumping event of the Winter Olympics.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Josef Bím, sports-reference.com

description: Czechoslovak soldier and skier

wikidata_label: Josef Bím

wikipedia_title: Josef Bím


text:
Georgian
jazz
DVD
Heat (2006 film)
The Ghost
Official Site - Nino Katamadze
LiveJournal - Nino Katamadze

categories: Jazz singers from Georgia (country),1972 births,Female singer-songwriters,People from Adjara,21st-century women singers,Female singers from Georgia (country),Living people

paragraph: Nino Katamadze

paragraph: Nino Katamadze () is a Georgian jazz singer and artist.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Nino Katamadze was born in Kobuleti, Adjara, Soviet Georgia in 1972. In 1990, she entered the vocal department of the Batumi Music Institute ZP Paliashvili. After finishing the Institute was in various groups and participated in a variety of musical projects. In 2002, Katamadze had her first international tour in different countries across Europe.

paragraph: In 2006, her album "White" became very successful and was released in Georgia, Russia, Finland, Sweden, Ukraine, France, Germany, Italy and the UK. Sales exceeded 700,000 copies. In January 2010, she played a part in an improvised opera "Bobble" with a wordless libretto written by Bobby McFerrin and staged in Russia.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ordinary Day"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nino Katamadze & Insight"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "...start new peaceful day" (Live DVD)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "White" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Black" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blue" (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Red" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Green" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Yellow" (2016)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Soundtracks.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mermaid (film, 2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Heat (2006 film)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Apple

paragraph: BULLET::::- Orange Sky

paragraph: BULLET::::- Road to the Savior

paragraph: BULLET::::- Indi (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Ghost (film, 2008)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Site - Nino Katamadze

paragraph: BULLET::::- LiveJournal - Nino Katamadze

description: Georgian singer and artist

wikidata_label: Nino Katamadze

wikipedia_title: Nino Katamadze


text:
Växjö
Foundry
Soul Sign
Dio Disciples
Yngwie Malmsteen
Quiet Riot
Robin McAuley
Uli Jon Roth
Tony MacAlpine
heavy metal
Quiet Riot
Soul Sign
Mark Boals
Wrestless Natives
Heaven & Earth
Bleed
Takara
Robin McAuley
Yngwie Malmsteen
Scorpions
Uli Jon Roth
Tony MacAlpine
Steve Vai
Planet X
Dio Disciples
Nazareth
Foundry
Colin Brittain
Musicians Institute
Hollywood
Bjorn Englen official website
Foundry official website
Soul Sign official website
DIO (Disciples) official website

categories: 21st-century bass guitarists,1971 births,Swedish bass guitarists,Living people,Takara (band) members

paragraph: Bjorn Englen

paragraph: Bjorn Englen (born Björn Erik Englén in Växjö, Sweden) is the for Foundry, Soul Sign, and Dio Disciples. Bjorn has also played bass for Yngwie Malmsteen, Quiet Riot, MSG/Survivor vocalist Robin McAuley, Scorpions guitar legend Uli Jon Roth and Tony MacAlpine.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Bjorn Englen started his musical career in Sweden in 1984 as a drummer, however switched to bass within a couple of months. He performed with several local acts before relocating to Los Angeles, CA in 1993.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Quiet Riot.

paragraph: In 1994 Englen got hired to play bass for heavy metal group Quiet Riot. He did pre-production work and promotion for the album "Down to the Bone" as well as 22 shows in a 1995 tour supporting the album.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Soul Sign.

paragraph: Shortly thereafter Englen formed his own group Soul Sign. Soul Sign did special promotional tours and shows of Europe and the US in 2010 and 2011 for the forthcoming album "Life In The Dark", which was released worldwide in the fall of 2011. The band's current line-up also features Malmsteen/Roth vocalist Mark Boals. The band also toured in Scandinavia in May 2013 and in California 2012-2014.

paragraph: Bjorn also toured the U.S. in 1996 as the hired bassist for Wrestless Natives. He has recorded/composed music and toured as a member of Heaven & Earth with members of Foreigner, Heart, Dio and Sweet (1999—2000), Bleed (2004—2006) and Takara (2002—2008).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Robin McAuley.

paragraph: In 2004 to 2006, he performed throughout the US with MSG/Survivor vocalist Robin McAuley.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Yngwie Malmsteen.

paragraph: From 2007 to 2012, Englen played bass for Yngwie Malmsteen's Rising Force. They toured and performed in Europe and the U.S. in 2007 & 2008. A sold out tour of Japan was completed in April 2009., and a tour of Russia and Israel in April 2010. Another US Tour supporting the album "Relentless" was done in October and November 2011. Bjorn decided to leave Yngwie's band in 2012 due to unforeseen scheduling conflicts.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Uli Jon Roth.

paragraph: Former Scorpions guitarist Uli Jon Roth watched Bjorn perform his first show with Malmsteen and ended up hiring Bjorn for numerous tours and shows 2010-2013. In 2011 Englen was concurrently the bassist for three of the biggest guitar heroes of all time; Malmsteen, Roth and Tony MacAlpine.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Tony MacAlpine.

paragraph: From 2011 to 2017, Bjorn played for guitar/keyboard virtuoso Tony MacAlpine (Steve Vai, PSMS, Planet X). Several shows were done in the US 2011-2012. A 27 shows in 17 countries European Tour started on Feb 21st, 2012 in Manchester, UK and ended on Mar 23rd in Moscow, RU, followed by numerous shows and tours of Mexico and Colombia 2013-2014, as well as four US Tours 2014-2017 (including 8 dates supporting Steve Vai's "Passion & Warfare" 25th Anniversary Tour).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:DIO Disciples.

paragraph: Since October 2012, Bjorn is a member of the Official DIO band Dio Disciples featuring long-time and most recent Dio members Craig Goldy (Dio, Guiffria) - guitar, Simon Wright (Dio, AC/DC, UFO) - drums and Scott Warren (Dio, Heaven & Hell) - keyboards with Tim "Ripper" Owens (Judas Priest) and Oni Logan (Lynch Mob) on vocals. In Oct/Nov 2012 the band did a 24 date US Tour in support of Dio's latest release "The Beast of Dio Vol. 2". In March 2013 DIO Disciples head-lined at the Monsters of Rock cruise in the Caribbean Sea as well as finished a Brazil/Mexico/Texas Tour in June 2013 partially together with Nazareth. The band performed in the US & Canada in July, September and October 2013, USA 2014, Mexico 2014, Monsters of Rock Cruise 2014 & 2016, Fezen Festival in Hungary 2016 and Wacken Festival in Germany 2016 featuring a hologram performance with Ronnie James Dio as an encore. In December 2017 the band toured Europe as Dio Returns where a portion of the set featured a Ronnie James Dio hologram. The band continued to tour all over the US in 2018, and a Dio Returns US Tour is set for May/June of 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Foundry.

paragraph: Since October 2018, he joined the rock band Foundry featuring vocalist Mark Boals, drummer Marc Brattin, and guitarist Chris Iorio, whom are actively producing and performing concerts to audiences worldwide. Foundry is currently working with producer Colin Brittain. Bjorn has in the last few years also worked with successful acts such as Hellion, Blackwelder and more.

paragraph: Englen has played over 2000 live shows and on over 50 albums. He has recorded/performed with members of Foreigner, Deep Purple, Kiss, The Supremes, David Lee Roth, Dio, Ozzy, Elton John, Rainbow, Journey, Korn, Dream Theater, Whitesnake, Heart, Judas Priest, Guns N' Roses, Sweet, Steve Vai, George Lynch, Vixen, Buddy Guy, Alice Cooper, Paul Rodgers & more

paragraph: Bjorn has also spent a lot of time educating up and coming musicians teaching bass and ensemble at numerous schools including Musicians Institute in Hollywood from 1996 to 1997, and through clinics and master classes worldwide since 1994, including Los Angeles College of Music and B.I.T. - Musicians Institute College of Music.

paragraph: Section::::Press.

paragraph: Bjorn Englen was featured in a two-page article of Bassiste Magazine in March/April 2010, a cover featured article in Basista Magazine in April 2012, a 3-page article in Soundquest Magazine in June 2012, interview in Rock N Roll Industries Magazine in July 2013, as well as full-page and back cover ads in "Bass Player" magazine in 2010-2012 promoting the Carvin SB5000 bass and Spectraflex cables, as well as full page ads in various magazines promoting EBS amps & pedals.

paragraph: Section::::Gear.

paragraph: Bjorn endorses EBS amp systems & pedals (mainly featuring the Fafner II amp, Reidmar 750 amp, NEO-line cabinets, MultiComp/MultiDrive Pedals, Billy Sheehan Signature Drive), Ibanez Bass Guitars, 108 Bjorn Englen Signature Strings by Mari, Spectraflex cables, Hipshot Bass Xtenders, Pick Guy custom guitar picks, Babicz bridges, Rock'n'Roll Gangstar apparel, CAD wireless systems, Boss Tuners, Seymour Duncan pick-ups, Straptight straplocks, Al Bane leather straps, Gator pedal cases, Flying Eagle leather apparel and Ampeg Speaker Cabinet Covers.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bjorn Englen official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Foundry official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Soul Sign official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- DIO (Disciples) official website

description: Bass Virtuoso

wikidata_label: Bjorn Englen

wikipedia_title: Bjorn Englen


text:
Hawaii
Honolulu
James Bicknell Castle
Castle & Cooke
Samuel Northrop Castle
Mary Tenney Castle
Oahu
ahupuaa
Kailua
Kaneohe Ranch
Harold K.L. Castle Foundation
Hawaii Loa College
Iolani School
Marine Corps Base Hawaii
Punahou School
Plantation Estate
Kailua, Honolulu County, Hawaii
Barack Obama
Winter White House
Kaneohe Ranch
Harold K.L. Castle Foundation
James B. Castle High School
Hawaii Loa College
Kawai Nui Marsh
Kaneohe Ranch Management Limited
Harold K.L. Castle Foundation

categories: American philanthropists,1886 births,People from Hawaii,1967 deaths

paragraph: Harold Kainalu Long Castle

paragraph: Harold Kainalu Long Castle (July 3, 1886 – August 19, 1967) was a landowner, real estate developer, and later philanthropist in Hawaii.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Harold Kainalu Long Castle was born July 3, 1886 in Honolulu.

paragraph: Castle was the son of wealthy landowner James Bicknell Castle and Julia White, and grandson of Castle & Cooke founder Samuel Northrop Castle and philanthropist Mary Tenney Castle. In 1917, he purchased almost of land on the windward side of the island of Oahu, in what was then the ahupuaa of Kailua, to start his sprawling Kaneohe Ranch.

paragraph: In 1962, he set up the Harold K.L. Castle Foundation, which remains the largest private foundation based in Hawaii. He and his foundation have donated large amounts of land to educational and other public institutions, among them Hawaii Loa College, Iolani School, Castle High School, Kainalu Elementary School, Castle Medical Center, and the Mokapu peninsula land that became Marine Corps Base Hawaii.

paragraph: He and his wife, Alice Hedemann, both graduated from Punahou School, he served on its Board of Trustees (1922-1937), and their descendants have continued to attend and support the school.

paragraph: Plantation Estate, his home in Kailua, Honolulu County, Hawaii, has been used by Barack Obama as a Winter White House during Christmas vacations in 2008, 2009, and 2010.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kaneohe Ranch

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harold K.L. Castle Foundation

paragraph: BULLET::::- James B. Castle High School

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hawaii Loa College

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kawai Nui Marsh

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kaneohe Ranch Management Limited

description: A large landowner, real estate developer, and philanthropist in Hawaii; founder of Kaneohe Ranch

wikidata_label: Harold Kainalu Long Castle

wikipedia_title: Harold Kainalu Long Castle


text: Count of Empúries

text: Ponç I

text: Berenguer

text: Viscounty of Peralada

text: Catalan princes

text: Giselbert II of Roussillon

text: Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona

text: expedition against the Balearics

text: Liber maiolichinus

text: diocese of Girona

text: canons

text: Berenguer Guifré

text: parish church

text: Castelló

text: Sant Pere de Rodes

text: Santiago de Compostela

text: Holy Sepulchre

text: Jerusalem

text: Ermengol IV of Urgell

text: Ponç II

categories: Christians of the 1113–1115 Balearic Islands expedition,1116 deaths,Year of birth uncertain,11th-century Catalan people,Counts of Empúries

paragraph: Hugh II, Count of Empúries

paragraph: Hugh II () ("c." 1035 – 1116) was the Count of Empúries from 1078 until his death. He was the eldest son of Ponç I and Adelaida de Besalú, and succeeded his father in Empúries while his brother, Berenguer, was given the Viscounty of Peralada.

paragraph: In politics he was on good terms with the other Catalan princes. In 1085, he made an alliance of mutual self-defence with his neighbour, Giselbert II of Roussillon. In 1113–15, he and Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona, took part in an expedition against the Balearics. He was described by the anonymous author of the "Liber maiolichinus" as "Catalanicus heros" (a Catalan hero).

paragraph: Hugh was involved in several disputes with the diocese of Girona, first with its canons and then with its bishop, Berenguer Guifré, over the tithes collected by the parish church of Santa Maria de Castelló. He made donations to the monastery of Sant Pere de Rodes and made pilgrimages to Santiago de Compostela and the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem.

paragraph: Hugh was married to Sancha, daughter of Ermengol IV of Urgell, which whom he had one child, the heir Ponç II.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Latin text of the "Liber maiolichinus" with Spanish introduction

description: Count of Empuries

wikidata_label: Hugh II, Count of Empúries

wikipedia_title: Hugh II, Count of Empúries


text:
Magna Carta
William de Patri
Roger de Mowbray
Richard I
Speyer
scutage
Baldwin of Flanders
King John
Pope Innocent III
Roger de Mumbezon
First Barons' War
Louis
Battle of Lincoln (1217)
William Marshal the younger
Bensted
Hubert de Burgh
William of Aumâle
Bytham
Thirsk
Furness Abbey
Newburgh
Axholme
William d'Aubigny, 3rd Earl of Arundel
Nicolas
Courthope
Dugdale
Nantes
Roger III
John I de Mowbray
Tyrion Lannister
Game of Thrones
House of Mowbray

categories: Magna Carta barons,People temporarily excommunicated by the Roman Catholic Church,1173 births,12th-century English people,13th-century English people,Year of birth uncertain,Year of death uncertain,1224 deaths

paragraph: William de Mowbray

paragraph: William de Mowbray, 6th Baron of Thirsk, 4th Baron Mowbray (–) was a Norman Lord and English noble who was one of the twenty-five executors of the Magna Carta. He was described as being as small as a dwarf but very generous and valiant.

paragraph: Section::::Family and early life.

paragraph: William was the eldest of the one daughter and three or four sons of Nigel de Mowbray, by Mabel, thought to be daughter of William de Patri, and grandson of Roger de Mowbray.

paragraph: Section::::Career under Richard I.

paragraph: Mowbray appears to have been in the company of Richard I in Speyer, Germany, on 20 November 1193 during Richard's period of captivity on his return from Palestine. In 1194 he had livery of his lands, paying a relief of £100. He was immediately called upon to pay a sum nearly as large as his share of the scutage levied towards Richard's ransom, for the payment of which he was one of the hostages.

paragraph: William was later a witness to Richard's treaty with Baldwin of Flanders in 1197.

paragraph: Section::::Career under John.

paragraph: In 1215 Mowbray was prominent with other north-country barons in opposing King John. He was appointed one of the twenty-five executors of the Magna Carta, and as such was specially named among those excommunicated by Pope Innocent III. His youngest brother, Roger, has sometimes been reckoned as one of the twenty-five, apparently by confusion with, or as a substitute for, Roger de Mumbezon. Roger died without heirs about 1218, and William received his lands.

paragraph: Section::::Career under Henry III.

paragraph: In the First Barons' War, Mowbray supported Louis. Mowbray was taken prisoner in the Battle of Lincoln (1217), and his estates bestowed upon William Marshal the younger; but he redeemed them by the surrender of the lordship of Bensted in Surrey to Hubert de Burgh, before the general restoration in September of that year.

paragraph: In January 1221, Mowbray assisted Hubert in driving his former co-executor, William of Aumâle, from his last stronghold at Bytham in Lincolnshire.

paragraph: Section::::Benefactor, marriage and succession.

paragraph: Mowbray founded the chapel of St. Nicholas, with a chantry, at Thirsk, and was a benefactor of his grandfather's foundations at Furness Abbey and Newburgh, where, on his death in Axholme about 1224, he was buried.

paragraph: Mowbray married Avice, a daughter of William d'Aubigny, 3rd Earl of Arundel, of the elder branch of the d'Aubignys. By her he had two sons, Nigel and Roger. The "Progenies Moubraiorum" makes Nigel predecease his father, and Nicolas and Courthope accept this date; but Dugdale adduces documentary evidence showing that he had livery of his lands in 1223, and did not die (at Nantes) until 1228. As Nigel left no issue by his wife Mathilda or Maud, daughter of Roger de Camvile, he was succeeded as sixth baron Mowbray by his brother Roger II, who only came of age in 1240, and died in 1266. This Roger's son, Roger III, was seventh baron (1266–1298) and father of John I de Mowbray, eighth baron.

paragraph: There has been some speculation that Mowbray was the inspiration for the character of Tyrion Lannister in "Game of Thrones".

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- House of Mowbray

description: English Baron, executor of Magna Carta

wikidata_label: William de Mowbray

wikipedia_title: William de Mowbray


text: U.S. state

text: California

text: state assemblyman

text: Superior Court

text: Supreme Court of California

text: Mercersburg, Pennsylvania

text: Marshall College

text: studied law

text: Chambersburg, Pennsylvania

text: Nevada City

text: Addison Niles

text: 1st State Assembly district

text: Know Nothing

text: California Attorney General

text: Sacramento

text: General Land Office

text: Aaron A. Sargent

text: Constitution of California

text: Sacramento County Superior Court

text: George Clement Perkins

text: Republican Party

text: James Gillett

text: Henry A. Melvin

text: Whig Party

text: Republican Party

text: Leland Stanford Junior University

text: Robert M. Hunt

text: California Medical Society

text: Thomas B. McFarland

text: Past & Present Justices

text: Jackson Temple

text: Van R. Paterson

text: Niles Searls

text: John D. Works

text: William H. Beatty

categories: 19th-century American judges,1908 deaths,20th-century American judges,Franklin & Marshall College alumni,Members of the California State Assembly,Stanford University trustees,1828 births,People from Nevada City, California,California Supreme Court justices,People from Franklin County, Pennsylvania,California Republicans,U.S. state supreme court judges admitted to the practice of law by reading law,Deaths from cancer in California,People of the California Gold Rush

paragraph: Thomas Bard McFarland

paragraph: Thomas Bard McFarland (April 19, 1828 – September 16, 1908) was a miner, politician and judge in the U.S. state of California. He served as a state assemblyman, Superior Court judge, and associate justice of the Supreme Court of California.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: McFarland was born in 1828 near Mercersburg, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Marshall College (1846) and soon thereafter studied law with his cousin, Robert M. Bard, in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. He was admitted to practice in 1849.

paragraph: Instead of commencing practice, however, he headed to California, arriving September 1850, and was a gold miner for three years. He then opened a law office in Nevada City where he practiced with various partners, including Addison Niles, until 1861. In September 1855, he was elected and served one term in the 1856 term of the California State Assembly from Nevada County (part of today's 1st State Assembly district), running on the Know Nothing or American Party ticket. On April 21, 1856, he was admitted to the bar of the California Supreme Court. In 1857, he was nominated by the Know Nothings for California Attorney General but lost the election.

paragraph: In 1861, he was elected judge of the Fourteenth District Court, in which capacity he served for two terms. After he retired from the bench, he practiced law in Sacramento for the next 12 years, except an interval during which he served as Register of the United States General Land Office at Sacramento, accepting this position at the suggestion of Aaron A. Sargent. In 1879, McFarland served as a member of the convention which framed the existing Constitution of California.

paragraph: On December 18, 1882, he was appointed to fill a two-year vacancy upon the bench of the Sacramento County Superior Court by Governor George Clement Perkins. In 1884, McFarland was nominated by the Republican Party and elected for a full term.

paragraph: In November 1886, McFarland was elected on the Republican ticket for a 12-year term as associate justice of the Supreme Court of California, taking his seat in January 1887. In 1898, McFarland was re-elected to the high court despite accusations he favored railroads in his rulings. He sat continuously as an associate justice up to the time of his death, September 16, 1908, a period of over 21 years. In September 1908, Governor James Gillett appointed Henry A. Melvin to finish the remainder of McFarland's term until January 1911.

paragraph: McFarland was originally a member of the Whig Party, but joined the Republican Party when it was organized.

paragraph: Section::::Civic activities.

paragraph: He sat on the board of education of the city of Sacramento and was a trustee of Leland Stanford Junior University.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: McFarland married Susie Briggs at Nevada City in 1861. Briggs' sister was married to Dr. Robert M. Hunt who was the first physician to practice medicine in that town, and was a charter member of the California Medical Society. The McFarlands had one child, Jennie.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas B. McFarland. California Supreme Court Historical Society

paragraph: BULLET::::- Past & Present Justices. California State Courts. Retrieved July 19, 2017.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Justices of the Supreme Court of California

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jackson Temple

paragraph: BULLET::::- Van R. Paterson

paragraph: BULLET::::- Niles Searls

paragraph: BULLET::::- John D. Works

paragraph: BULLET::::- William H. Beatty

description: California judge and politician

wikidata_label: Thomas Bard McFarland

wikipedia_title: Thomas Bard McFarland


text:
Italian
Avellino
Naples
Gabriele Smargiassi
Pompeian
Ancient Roman
genre

categories: People from Avellino,1886 deaths,Italian male painters,1824 births,Neapolitan painters,Neo-Pompeian painters,19th-century Italian painters,19th-century male artists

paragraph: Cesare Uva

paragraph: Cesare Uva (November 11, 1824 – February 16, 1886) was an Italian painter.

paragraph: He was born in Avellino, resident in Naples. He initially frequented the studio of Gabriele Smargiassi and then the Academy of Fine Arts of Naples.

paragraph: He painted landscapes, Pompeian (Ancient Roman) themes, and genre paintings, which he exhibited in Italy and elsewhere. Among his works are "The Last Day of Pompei" and "The Waters of the Serino", exhibited in Naples in 1877. In 1883 he exhibited the following oil canvases: "Sunset" and "The Return from the Festival"; in tempera: "A Forest in Spring". He died in Naples.

description: Italian painter

wikidata_label: Cesare Uva

wikipedia_title: Cesare Uva


text:
Lord of Padua
Jacopino da Carrara
Carraresi
Padua
Ubertino il Vecchio
Albertino Mussato
Giovanni di Vigonza
Bologna
Cangrande I della Scala
Rinaldo d'Este
Obizzo III of Ferrara
Henry of Görz
vicar
Treviso
Frederick III of Germany
podestà
Pollione Beccadelli
Gualpertino Mussato
S. Giustina
Chioggia
chancery
Corradino Bocchi di Brescia
Conrad von Owenstein
Henry of Carinthia
Marsilio
Nicolò da Carrara
Verona
Republics of Venice
Florence
Alberto II della Scala
Doge's Palace
Monselice
Fiorello da Lucca
Mastino II della Scala
Bassano
Castelbaldo
Vicenza
Parma
Scaligers
Taddeo Pepoli
Lendinara
Luchino Visconti
Ludovico Gonzaga
Enghelmario di Villandres
Azzo da Corregio
Mantua
Republic of Pisa
florins
Republic of Genoa
Ghibellines
Tuscany
Romagna
Camposampiero
Tiso IX
Candia
Montagnana
Giacomo Dondi
Este
University of Padua
Rainiero Arsendi da Forlì
civil law
Pietro da Campagnola
Marsilietto Papafava
Jacopo
Augustinian
Church of the Eremitani
Simone da Correggio
Malatestino Novello

categories: Burials at the Church of the Eremitani,1345 deaths,Da Carrara family,Lords of Padua,14th-century Italian people

paragraph: Ubertino I da Carrara

paragraph: Ubertino I (or II) da Carrara (also "Uberto", "Umberto" or "Umbertino"; died 29 March 1345), called Novello and better known as Ubertinello, was the Lord of Padua from 1338 until his death.

paragraph: Section::::Youth.

paragraph: Ubertinello was the son of Jacopino da Carrara of the Carraresi clan of Padua, where he was born early in the 14th century. His mother was Fina Fieschi. To distinguish him from his uncle Ubertino il Vecchio, he is usually known as either Ubertino Novello or Ubertinello.

paragraph: In August 1319, Ubertinello, Albertino Mussato, and Giovanni di Vigonza were sent by Jacopino to seek help from Bologna when Cangrande I della Scala, with Rinaldo d'Este and Obizzo III of Ferrara, besieged Padua. They failed in their mission and, on 4 November, Jacopino offered the city to the protection of Henry of Görz, the vicar of Treviso for Frederick III of Germany.

paragraph: Section::::Quarrel with the Dente.

paragraph: On 17 July 1325, Ubertinello became involved in an extremely violent quarrel with horrible repurcussions for Padua. Ubertinello murdered Guglielmo Dente and incurred banishment from the reigning "podestà", Pollione Beccadelli. On 22 September, the deceased's brother, Paolo, with Gualpertino Mussato, the abbot of S. Giustina, and the "podestà", attacked the Carraresi properties in the city. Ubertinello returned from Chioggia, where he was staying in exile, assassinated the "podestà", and besieged his enemies in their homes. He invaded the chancery and burned all documents incriminating him and condemning him. Some of the city's archives were also lost. In the assassinated Beccadelli's place, Ubertinello installed Corradino Bocchi di Brescia. Conrad von Owenstein, the captain and vicar of Frederick III in Padua by appointment of Henry of Carinthia since 1321, banished the Dente and their supporters. Following this series of events, the Carraresi were again the chief family in Padua.

paragraph: Section::::Takeover in Padua.

paragraph: In September 1328, Ubertinello was involved with his uncle Marsilio in handing Padua over to Cangrande with a secret treaty. This was done to prevent their own relative Nicolò da Carrara from gaining too much power. Ubertinello was knighted at the subsequent celebrations in Verona.

paragraph: On 14 July 1337, the secret treaty of nine years previous was overridden by a new secret pact, signed this time with the Republics of Venice and Florence. This new treaty made Marsilio lord of Padua and Ubertinello his heir. On 3 August, Alberto II della Scala, Cangrande's successor at Verona, was imprisoned by Venice, removing the chief obstacle to Marsilio's lordship. On 10 March 1338, Ubertinello became a Venetian citizen and on 22 March Marsilio died. On 5 May, in the Doge's Palace in Venice, with a Florentine embassy present, Ubertinello renewed the treaty of nine months earlier with only slight modifications. He was under obligation to come to the military aid of Venice and Florence against any of their enemies.

paragraph: Section::::Wars of aggrandisement.

paragraph: Ubertinello besieged Monselice for a year and a month until it fell on 19 August after his succession. The citadel held out until 28 November under Fiorello da Lucca. On 2 December, he obtained Treviso from Mastino II della Scala, Alberto's brother and co-ruler. By a treaty of 4 January 1339, however, he was forced to yield Treviso to Venice and accept Bassano and Castelbaldo instead. Verona, Lucca, Vicenza, and Parma were confirmed to the Scaligers.

paragraph: On 9 April 1340, Ubertinello affirmed an alliance with Obizzo of Ferrara, Taddeo Pepoli, and Florence at Lendinara. This alliance was immediately opposed by an alliance of Luchino Visconti and Ludovico Gonzaga with Mastino. The war was sparked by envy for the rich cities of the Scaliger. Ubertinello sent Enghelmario di Villandres to take Vicenza, but Visconti scattered his army. The next year, Ubertinello broke the Scaliger alliances and bound himself with Visconti, Gonzaga, and Azzo da Corregio with the aim of taking Parma. In September, the allies raided Veronese territory as far as the gates of Vicenza, but the men of Mantua, loaded with booty, retired, leaving the remaining troops insufficient to take the city. Azzo began the siege of Parma on 21 May anyway.

paragraph: Florence, meanwhile, had her eye on Lucca, longtime rival for the Tuscan primacy. She offered a huge sum of money to Mastino in return for the city, but the Republic of Pisa began besieging in the meantime. Florence turned to Ubertinello and, on the basis of the old treaty, demanded his military aid against Pisa. He refused, however. Florence paid 180,000 gold florins for the city, but Ubertinello sent troops instead to aid Pisa, allied with the Republic of Genoa, Gonzaga, Visconti, Corregio, and the other Ghibellines of Tuscany and Romagna. On 11 July 1342, Lucca fell to Pisa.

paragraph: Section::::Deterioration of relationship with Venice.

paragraph: On 24 March 1340, Venice settled a long-running succession dispute concerning Camposampiero. The castle was granted to Ubertinello, but the "curia" went to William, son of the late Tiso IX. In July that year, Vitaliano, son of William Dente, arrived in Venice only to have his dispossession and exile were reaffirmed.

paragraph: In 1342, Candia revolted, but Venice refused to lend him aid.

paragraph: A final effort at peace with Mastino was begun in 1343. On 25 May at Montagnana, Ubertinello agreed to wed his bastard daughter Gentile to Mastino's illegitimate son. The alliance was sealed. That very month, Lemizio, an illegitimate brother of William Dente, also arrived in Venice. He accused Ubertinello before the doge and launched a proceeding against him. Letters were sent summoning Ubertinello to appear before the tribunal within eight days. He was convicted and exiled (from Venice). His alliance with Mastino had made him a Venetian liability.

paragraph: Section::::Domestic initiatives.

paragraph: During his five years of power, Ubertinello had worked extensively to improve Padua internally. He began with reform legislation in February 1339.

paragraph: He finished a new wall begun by Marsilio and built a new palace (1343). In March 1344, a clock was added to the tower of the palace by Giacomo Dondi. He repaved old roads and laid new ones. He reinforced the riverbanks to prevent flooding and erosion and dug a canal to Este, where he rebuilt the citadel, and Montagnano. He patronised the wool industry to develop commerce and confirmed the ancient privileges of the University of Padua to develop education. He appointed Rainiero Arsendi da Forlì to the chair of civil law in 1344.

paragraph: On 27 March 1345, on the advice of his vicar Pietro da Campagnola, he nominated Marsilietto Papafava, a relative, his heir, bypassing Jacopo, the son of Nicolò. On 29 March, he died and was buried in the Augustinian Church of the Eremitani in Padua.

paragraph: Section::::Marriages.

paragraph: Ubertinello was married twice. His first wife was Giacomina, daughter of Simone da Correggio, uncle of Alberto and Mastino della Scala. This marriage was later annulled on the grounds of being attained by force at the suggestion of Marsilio.

paragraph: His second marriage was contracted on 24 April 1340 with Anna Malatesta, daughter of Malatestino Novello.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: br

description: Lord of Padua

wikidata_label: Ubertino I da Carrara

wikipedia_title: Ubertino I da Carrara


text: O.C.

text: actress

text: Montmorency

text: France

text: René Simon

text: Théâtre du Nouveau Monde

text: French-Canadian

text: Order of Canada

text: "The Sentry"

categories: Governor General's Performing Arts Award winners,Living people,Canadian film actresses,1929 births,Actresses from Montreal,Canadian stage actresses,French film actresses,Officers of the Order of Canada

paragraph: Françoise Faucher

paragraph: Françoise Faucher O.C. is a Quebec actress born in Montmorency, France in 1929. She trained in drama in France under René Simon and Bernard Bimont before immigrating to Canada in the 1950s. She became a member of Montreal's Théâtre du Nouveau Monde, participating in many plays. She wrote scripts for radio and TV programs, sparking off a productive career as a moderator. Although most of her work has been in live theatre, her credits include many French-Canadian TV series such as: "Les Mont-Joye, Les Bergers, La pension Velder," etc. Faucher was appointed an Officer of the Order of Canada in 1982.

paragraph: In 2010, she received the Governor General's Performing Arts Award.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Watch "The Sentry", a short film about Françoise Faucher created for the Governor General's Performing Arts Awards

description: actress

wikidata_label: Françoise Faucher

wikipedia_title: Françoise Faucher


text:
Judge of Cagliari
William I (Salusio IV)
Benedetta
Torchitorio IV of Cagliari
Lamberto Visconti
Henry of Capraia
Rinaldo Glandi
Ubaldo of Gallura
Gherardeschi
Pisa
Giudicato of Cagliari
Marianus II of Logudoro
Visconti
Gallura
Ranieri della Gherardesca di Bolgheri
Leonard, Archbishop of Cagliari
John

categories: 1254 deaths,Judges (judikes) of Cagliari

paragraph: William II of Cagliari

paragraph: William II Salusio V (died 1254) was the Judge of Cagliari from 1232 to his death. His Christian name was William, but his regnal name was Salusio, based on ancient Cagliaritan traditions which alternated their rulers between the forenames Torchitorio and Salusio. He would have been called Salusio in official documents, though he is known historically as William, after his grandfather, William I (Salusio IV).

paragraph: William was the only son of Benedetta and Torchitorio IV of Cagliari. He was born after their marriage in 1214 and before Torchitorio's death in 1217, probably nearer the latter. He was still a child when he first began undersigning the donations of his mother to the Church in the peaceful interval of 1225–1226. Throughout her reign, Benedetta and her husbands — Lamberto Visconti (1220–1225), Henry of Capraia (1227–1228), and Rinaldo Glandi (1230–1232) — exercised the governmented nominally on his behalf, though his mother ruled also in her own right. In 1230, Ubaldo of Gallura invaded Cagliari, but the Gherardeschi of Pisa repulsed him in the name of Benedetta and the young William.

paragraph: Benedetta died late in 1233 or early in 1234 and the Giudicato of Cagliari was divided between several powerful Pisan families. Though William was her successor, his rule was nominal, all the more so because he was still too young to rule in his own right and was put under the regency of his mother's sister Agnes and her husband, Marianus II of Logudoro. Nevertheless, in reality, he was a puppet of the Pisans.

paragraph: In 1235, he attained his majority and volitionally submitted completely to Pisa. His reign, however, was consequently peaceful, though he did make war on the Visconti of Gallura until 1244 with the support of Ranieri della Gherardesca di Bolgheri, second husband of Agnes. In 1239, he made a treaty with Leonard, Archbishop of Cagliari, but he was but a pawn in the Pisan game and his writ lacked any value. He died in 1254. His son John succeeded him as Torchitorio V.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ghisalberti, Alberto M. "Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani: VIII Bellucci – Beregan". Rome, 1966.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Solmi, A. "Studi storici sulle istituzioni della Sardegna nel Medioevo". Cagliari, 1917.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Loddo Canepa, F. "Note sulle condizioni economiche e giuridiche degli abitanti di Cagliari dal secolo XI al XIX." "Studi sardi". X–XI, 1952, pp 237ff.

description: Sardinian ruler

wikidata_label: William II of Cagliari

wikipedia_title: William II of Cagliari