text:
Newlyn School painter
Penzance
Norman Garstin
Académie Julian
Penzance
Academie Julian
Norman Garstin
Académie Delécluse
Academie Colarossi
Gertrude Bodinnar
Laura Knight
Harold Knight
Annie Walke
Bernard Walke
St Hilary Church
St Just
Royal Cambrian Academy of Art
Conwy
Newlyn Society of Artists
Lamorna
Ernest Procter
Leicester Galleries
Royal Academy
Penlee House Gallery biography

categories: Académie Colarossi alumni,1874 births,Cornish painters,20th-century English painters,Newlyn School of Artists,British landscape painters,People from Penzance,Alumni of the Académie Julian,1941 deaths

paragraph: Harold Harvey (artist)

paragraph: Harold Harvey (1874–1941) was a Newlyn School painter who painted scenes of working class Cornish fishermen, farmers and miners and Cornish landscapes. He was born in Penzance and trained at the Penzance School of Arts under Norman Garstin and the Académie Julian in Paris (1894–1896).

paragraph: Section::::Private life.

paragraph: Harold Charles Francis Harvey was born to Mary Bellringer Harvey and Francis McFarland Harvey on 20 May 1874 in Penzance. His father was a bank clerk. During his youth, he was home schooled. From 1894 to 1896, he studied art at the Academie Julian in Paris under Norman Garstin. In 1896, he studied at both the Académie Delécluse and the Academie Colarossi.

paragraph: Prior to 1911, Harvey lived in Penzance. In 1911, Harvey married fellow artist Gertrude Bodinnar. They first met when Gertrude posed for Harvey. She discovered that she had artistic talent and became an artist in her own right in a wide range of visual and textile arts. The married couple lived in Newlyn at Maen Cottage. Friends of the Harveys included Laura Knight, Harold Knight, Annie Walke, and Father Bernard Walke of St Hilary Church.

paragraph: Late in his life, he converted to Catholicism. He died in Newlyn on 19 May 1941 and was buried in Penzance at the St Clare

paragraph: Cemetery. Gertrude lived in their cottage until 1960 when she moved into a St Just nursing home. She died six years later.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: After completing his schooling in Paris, Harvey returned to Penzance and began working with Norman Garstin. His works included landscapes and life settings of his native Cornwall, religious themes and interiors. He used oil and watercolour paints.

paragraph: From 1909 to 1913, he was an Associate of the Royal Cambrian Academy of Art, Conwy and, in 1910, he was a member of the South Wales Art Society. From about 1910 and into the early 1930s, he was a member of the Newlyn Society of Artists, particularly with artists from the Lamorna valley.

paragraph: In 1920, Harvey and his best friend Ernest Procter established the Harvey-Procter School in Newlyn, Cornwall.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.

paragraph: His work was exhibited starting in 1895 as follows:

paragraph: BULLET::::- In Whitechapel, other locations in Britain, Pittsburgh and Venice

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1895 - Newlyn Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1899 - Newlyn Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1909 - Newlyn Art Gallery - he had his first gallery sale

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1913 - Mendoza Gallery, London

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1914 - Newlyn Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1918 - Leicester Galleries, London - with Gertrude

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1920 - Leicester Galleries, London - with Gertrude

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1921 - Newlyn Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1921-1941 - Royal Academy

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1924-1928 - Newlyn Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1924 - Oldham Municipal Gallery Spring Exhibition

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1927 - Leicester Galleries, London

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1932 - Barbizon House, London

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1937 - Bristol

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1939 - Bristol

paragraph: Posthumous exhibitions:

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1979 - Artists of the Newlyn School, Part 1

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1985 - Artists of the Newlyn School, Part 2

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987 - Looking West, Newlyn Art Gallery and Royal Cambrian Academy

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1989 - A Century of Art in Cornwall 1889-1989, Truro, CCC Centennial

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992 - Artists from Cornwall, 1992 Royal West of England Academy, Bristol

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Penlee House Gallery biography

description: British artist

wikidata_label: Harold Harvey

wikipedia_title: Harold Harvey (artist)


text: Jamaica

text: New College, Hackney

text: William Hazlitt

text: Bruges

text: François Magendie

text: Fellow of the Royal Society

text: Académie Royale de Médécine

text: manganese oxide

text: asphyxia

text: vitalist

text: Thomas Hodgkin

text: Lavoisier

text: Collège de France

text: Amédée Thierry

text: Gauls

text: Franks

text: Late Antique

text: René Primevère Lesson

text: James Cowles Prichard

text: Robert Knox

text: Giovanni Battista Belzoni

text: racial type

text: Johann Kaspar Lavater

text: Franz Joseph Gall

text: physiognomy

text: race

text: Celtic languages

text: Stendhal

text: ethnology

text: Jules Michelet

text: anthropologist

text: French nationalism

text: polygenism

text: environmentalist monogenism

text: Charles Darwin

text: Société Ethnologique de Paris

text: Ethnological Society of New York

text: Ethnological Society of London

text: Paul Broca

text: Société d'Anthropologie de Paris

text: French database page

text: Online Books page

categories: 1777 births,1842 deaths,French physiologists,Fellows of the Royal Society

paragraph: William Frédéric Edwards

paragraph: William Frédéric Edwards (1777–1842) was a French physiologist, of Jamaican background, who was also a pioneer anthropologist. He has been called "the father of ethnology in France".

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was born in Jamaica to English parents, and was a pupil at New College, Hackney, a contemporary of William Hazlitt. Educated also in Bruges, he worked first in the city library there. He went to Paris in 1808 as a medical student. There he studied under François Magendie, wrote a thesis on the physiology of the eye, and became Magendie's assistant.

paragraph: Edwards was naturalised in France in 1828, and elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1829. He belonged to or contributed to a number of French learned societies; in 1832 he was elected to the Académie des sciences morales et politiques and Académie Royale de Médécine.

paragraph: Section::::Scientific works.

paragraph: Edwards began independent research in 1815–6, working on manganese oxide compounds with Pierre Chevillot. At the same time he began investigations on asphyxia in animals.

paragraph: Edwards was a vitalist who studied the effect of physical forces on processes in living organisms. His work led to the book "De l'influence des agens physiques sur la vie" (1824) (English translation by Thomas Hodgkin). Edwards was following a direction in Lavoisier's research on "animal chemistry", and addressing questions raised in Magendie's journal. He carried out experimental work at the Collège de France.

paragraph: Section::::Racial theories.

paragraph: Edwards was influenced by Amédée Thierry, to whom he addressed his 1829 essay "Des caractères physiologiques des races humaines considérés dans leurs rapports avec l'histoire". Thierry had studied the backgrounds of the Gauls and Franks of the Late Antique period in France. Edwards took up a theory of "permanence of types", influenced also by René Primevère Lesson. As related by Edwards, he had been convinced of such a permanence since the early 1820s, when on a visit to London he was discussing the works of James Cowles Prichard with Hodgkin and Robert Knox. Knox convinced him, with the help of an Ancient Egyptian tomb exhibited by Giovanni Battista Belzoni, that Egyptian and other ethnic "types" persisted from antiquity.

paragraph: As Edwards made clear, his notion of "type" was flexible; and racial types became fundamental to 19th century debate on ethnology. He followed on from the studies of Johann Kaspar Lavater and Franz Joseph Gall in physiognomy, and pioneered the concept of race as determined by the shape of the face and head. He supplemented his physiological work with a study of the Celtic languages.

paragraph: Stendhal took his ideas on race from Edwards, who in fact established the concept of "ethnologie" (ethnology) in France. Another personal contact among writers was Jules Michelet: Edwards became his physician, and Michelet took ideas about "persistence of races" from Edwards and Thierry. This theorising applied very much to Europeans and particularly French people, and Edwards believed his own observations confirmed it. Edwards has been called the first anthropologist to discuss race. One of his concerns was justification of French nationalism.

paragraph: Edwards came to theorise broadly about human diversity, influenced by polygenism, and argued in favour of fixed types and characters attached to populations. He undermined the environmentalist monogenism of Prichard, in which climate had affected human populations after a single creation: he made a point of discounting the influence of climate on animal physiology in general. A remark he made about cross-bred animal populations, to the effect that one type comes to predominate, was quoted by Charles Darwin in "The Variation of Animals and Plants under Domestication".

paragraph: Section::::Société Ethnologique de Paris and its influence.

paragraph: Edwards followed up his work correlating physiological characteristics with races, and other interests, by the foundation in 1839 of the Société Ethnologique de Paris, with a broader programme including also languages and traditions; its goal was to define human groups and identify their origins. The foundation of the Ethnological Society of New York and Ethnological Society of London followed within a few years. When Paul Broca founded the Société d'Anthropologie de Paris in 1859, he drew on the definition Edwards had given of ethnology.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- French database page

paragraph: BULLET::::- Online Books page

alias:
William Frederick Edwards
William Frederic Edwards

description: French physiologist

wikidata_label: William Frédéric Edwards

wikipedia_title: William Frédéric Edwards


text: Russia

text: left midfielder

categories: FC Ufa players,1985 births,FC Akhmat Grozny players,Russia under-21 international footballers,Russian footballers,FC Krylia Sovetov Samara players,Sportspeople from Samara, Russia,FC Anzhi Makhachkala players,FC Luch Vladivostok players,FC Arsenal Tula players,FC Torpedo Moscow players,Russian Premier League players,FC Yenisey Krasnoyarsk players,FC Sibir Novosibirsk players,FC Fakel Voronezh players,FC Kuban Krasnodar players,Association football midfielders,Living people,FC Zhemchuzhina Sochi players

paragraph: Igor Shevchenko

paragraph: Igor Vadimovich Shevchenko (; born 2 February 1985) is a Russian footballer. He plays as a left midfielder.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Player page on the official Luch-Energiya website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Player page on the official Russian Premier League website

description: Russian footballer

wikidata_label: Igor Shevchenko

wikipedia_title: Igor Shevchenko


text:
Moiremont
Fontaine-en-Dormois
général de division
Napoleonic Wars
Arc de Triomphe
War of the Fifth Coalition
General of Brigade
Auguste Marmont
XI Corps
Dalmatian Campaign
Battle of Wagram
Napoleon I of France
Johann von Klenau
Jean Reynier
André Masséna
Portugal
Peninsular War
Battle of Bussaco
Lines of Torres Vedras
Battle of Sabugal
Battle of Salamanca
Legion of Honour

categories: 1771 births,1841 deaths,French generals,French military personnel of the Napoleonic Wars,Grand Croix of the Légion d'honneur

paragraph: Louis Tirlet

paragraph: Louis Tirlet (14 March 1771, Moiremont - 29 November 1841, Fontaine-en-Dormois) was a French général de division and artillery specialist during the Napoleonic Wars. His name appears in the 21st column of the Arc de Triomphe.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In the War of the Fifth Coalition, General of Brigade Tirlet held the position of chief of artillery in Auguste Marmont's XI Corps during the Dalmatian Campaign. At the Battle of Wagram, Emperor Napoleon I of France detached Tirlet from XI Corps to command 129 artillery pieces on the island of Lobau. On the second day of battle, Johann von Klenau's Austrians defeated the weak French left flank and approached Lobau. The Austrians were kept at a distance by a tremendous artillery barrage.

paragraph: The year 1810 found Tirlet commanding the II Corps artillery under Jean Reynier during André Masséna's invasion of Portugal in the Peninsular War. He fought at the Battle of Bussaco, before the Lines of Torres Vedras, and at the Battle of Sabugal. Tirlet also served as Marmont's chief of artillery at the Battle of Salamanca in July 1812.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Knight Grand Cross in the Legion of Honour.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Section::::References.:Books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bowden, Scotty & Tarbox, Charlie. "Armies on the Danube 1809". Arlington, Texas: Empire Games Press, 1980.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Glover, Michael. "The Peninsular War 1807-1814." London: Penguin, 2001.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Horward, Donald D. (ed.) "The French Campaign in Portugal 1810-1811: An Account by Jean Jacques Pelet." Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press, 1973.

description: French general

wikidata_label: Louis Tirlet

wikipedia_title: Louis Tirlet


text:
Ploiesti
Bucharest
Romania
member of the Romanian Academy

paragraph: Ștefan Gh. Nicolau

paragraph: Ștefan Gheorghe Nicolau (1874 Ploiesti - 1970 Bucharest ) was a Romanian physician, dermato-venerologist. In 1948, he was elected an honorary member of the Romanian Academy.

description: Romanian physician

wikidata_label: Ștefan Gh. Nicolau

wikipedia_title: Ștefan Gh. Nicolau


text:
Malabrigo
Argentine
Roman Catholic
Roman Catholic Diocese of Reconquista
Argentina

categories: 1967 births,Living people,Argentine Roman Catholic bishops,People from General Obligado Department

paragraph: Ángel José Macín

paragraph: Ángel José Macín (born 18 March 1967 in Malabrigo) is an Argentine Roman Catholic bishop.

paragraph: Ordained to the priesthood on 9 July 1992, Macín was named bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Reconquista, Argentina on 12 October 2013.

description: Argentine Roman Catholic bishop

wikidata_label: Ángel José Macín

wikipedia_title: Ángel José Macín


text:
Pe̍h-ōe-jī
Song Dynasty
Wujing Zongyao

categories: 998 births,Chinese military writers,1078 deaths,Writers from Fujian,People from Jinjiang, Fujian,Politicians from Quanzhou,Song dynasty writers,Song dynasty politicians from Fujian

paragraph: Zeng Gongliang

paragraph: Zeng Gongliang (曾公亮, Tseng Kung-Liang; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: "Chan Kong-liāng") (998–1078) was a Chinese scholar of the Song Dynasty who helped write the Wujing Zongyao.

description: Chinese politician

wikidata_label: Zeng Gongliang

wikipedia_title: Zeng Gongliang


text: French-American

text: panoramas

text: landscapes

text: portraits

text: dioramas

text: portrait miniatures

text: architect

text: playwright

text: Circus of Pépin and Breschard

text: New York City

text: hippodrama

text: Maryland

text: Washington, D.C.

text: Star Spangled Banner

text: Fort McHenry

text: Richmond, Virginia

text: Charleston, S.C.

text: Charles Kean

text: Richard III

text: The Life and Death of King John

text: Mexican–American War

text: General Winfield Scott

text: San Francisco

text: moving panorama

text: Ann Arbor

text: Michigan

text: Museum of the City of New York

text: National Gallery of Art

text: Gilbert Stuart

text: Lafayette Theatre

text: New York City

text: United Kingdom

text: scenographer

text: The Walnut Street Theatre

text: Philadelphia

text: Chatham Garden Theatre

text: Park Theatre (Manhattan, New York)

text: Niblo's Garden

text: Bowery Theatre

categories: 1857 deaths,American circus performers,19th-century American painters,American landscape painters,American theatre architects,American male painters,19th-century American architects,Artists from New York City,Architecture firms based in New York City,1780s births,Architects from New York City

paragraph: Peter Grain (artist)

paragraph: Peter Grain (c. 1785 – 1857) was a French-American artist who achieved success in the United States. Known for his panoramas, landscapes, portraits, dioramas, portrait miniatures, and theatrical designs, he was also an architect and the author of at least one stage play. His family was involved in theatrical design in New York, Philadelphia and other major American cities for at least two generations.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Born in France, Grain was originally a performer and playwright with the Circus of Pépin and Breschard, a company which toured the United States from 1807 until 1815. On August 2, 1809, Pépin and Breschard presented his play "Billy, or the Reward of a Good Action" in New York City. This "New Pantomime" included "combats" on horseback, making it an early example of hippodrama. Grain was cast as the title character. His billing as "Mr. Grain" can be seen in other advertisements for the company's 1809 season.

paragraph: Section::::Painting.

paragraph: Grain's earliest recognition as a painter occurred in Maryland in 1815, where he created a setting for "The Hero of the North; or, The Deliverer of His Country" performed by an amateur company in Washington, D.C. The setting included the Star Spangled Banner and portrayed Fort McHenry and the "Victory of Lake Champlain." He advertised himself as a "drawing master" in Richmond, Virginia in 1822.

paragraph: In 1823 Grain's "Picture of the Shipwreck of the Packet Albion", portraying the loss of the New York and Liverpool Line Ship Albion, on the Coast of Ireland in April, 1822, on one hundred and twenty feet of canvas, was viewed by the public in Charleston, S.C. He was employed by Henry Hanington, dioramist (panorama painter), in 1836. The Grain name was used as the principal painter in Charles Kean's revivals of Shakespeare's "Richard III" (1845), and "The Life and Death of King John" (1846). During 1849 Grain exhibited the "Grand Panorama of Scotts Battles in Mexico", commemorating the 1847 Mexican–American War exploits of General Winfield Scott.

paragraph: "Panorama of the Hudson and James Rivers: Scenes in Virginia", painted in oil and watercolor, was exhibited at the San Francisco Hall in San Francisco in March 1853. A moving panorama, it covered 9,400 feet of canvas. Scenes included "A View at Sea, 20 miles below Sandy Hook; New York City and Harbor; West Point by Moonlight; a fine view of the Catskill Mountains; the City of Albany; Scenes in Virginia; the Great Natural Bridge; Scenes on James River and Kanawha Canal", and "portraying to the eye and imagination of the visitor views over an extent of 5,000 miles". This panorama had previously been shown in most major cities of the United States, including Charleston in 1850. While on its national tour, the moving panorama made a stop in Ann Arbor, Michigan, where "an astonished village looked at it for twenty-five cents a head."

paragraph: At the present time "View of New York from Jersey City (with Windmill)", 1835, an oil painting, is in the collection of the Museum of the City of New York. Grain is mentioned in the National Gallery of Art provenance of a portrait by Gilbert Stuart, "The Circus Rider". He is listed as owning the painting in the mid-19th century. The identification of the sitter in the portrait is disputed.

paragraph: Section::::Architectural work.

paragraph: The Lafayette Theatre in New York City (originally the Lafayette Circus) was redesigned by Grain in 1827. The circus ring was replaced and an inclined plane was added to give it a rake similar to modern theatres. At the time it was the largest theatre in both the United States and the United Kingdom.

paragraph: Section::::Family of artists.

paragraph: Three of Grain's sons also became artists: Peter Grain, Jr., George, and Urban A. Grain.

paragraph: Peter Grain, his brother Frederick (a noted panorama painter), and Peter Grain Jr. all worked as scenographers for numerous theatres. Peter Jr. was based at The Walnut Street Theatre in Philadelphia (built by the Circus of Pépin and Breschard in 1809) for most of his career.

paragraph: Catalogs from the Philadelphia scenic studio, scenic supply and rental concern established by the family are still in existence.

paragraph: Theatres associated with the Grain family are; the Charleston Theatre, Charleston, SC; the Chatham Garden Theatre in New York City; the Park Theatre (Manhattan, New York); the Chestnut Street Theatre and the Arch Street Theatre in Philadelphia; Welch's Olympic Circus; Niblo's Garden; the Bowery Theatre; and others.

paragraph: One contemporary critic described the family as being among the best artists in the country.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Karel, David "Dictionnaire des artistes de langue française en Amérique du Nord". Presses de l'Universite Laval,1992

description: American artist

wikidata_label: Peter Grain

wikipedia_title: Peter Grain (artist)


text:
British
France
French Championships
Paul Aymé
French Championships

categories: 19th-century male tennis players,Year of birth missing,19th-century British people,Place of birth missing,French Championships (tennis) champions,British male tennis players,Year of death missing,British expatriates in France

paragraph: Francky Wardan

paragraph: Francky Wardan was a British tennis player residing in France.

paragraph: Warden won the doubles title at the Amateur French Championships in 1896 with Wynes as his partner. Wardan finished runner-up to Paul Aymé in the singles event of the Amateur French Championships in 1897, losing out 4-6, 6-4, 6-2.

description: British tennis player

wikidata_label: Francky Wardan

wikipedia_title: Francky Wardan


text: basketball

text: Auxilium Torino

text: Lega Basket Serie A

text: University of Kansas

text: Portland Trail Blazers

text: 2012 NBA draft

text: St. Anthony High School

text: Bob Hurley

text: mythical national championship

text: USA Today

text: Rivals.com

text: Thomas Robinson

text: Kentucky

text: 2012 NBA draft

text: Portland Trail Blazers

text: Brooklyn Nets

text: Deron Williams

text: Indiana Pacers

text: Springfield Armor

text: NBA D-League

text: New Orleans Pelicans

text: Edin Bavčić

text: Atléticos de San Germán

text: BSN

text: Dynamo Moscow

text: Indios de Mayagüez

text: Guaros de Lara

text: LPB

text: Maccabi Kiryat Gat

text: Israeli Premier League

text: Ankara DSİ

text: Turkish Basketball First League

text: Auxilium Torino

text: The Basketball Tournament

text: ESPN

text: Philadelphia

text: NBA

text: Markieff

text: Marcus Morris

text: Brooklyn, New York

text: Syracuse University

text: USA Basketball

text: 2009 FIBA Under-19 World Cup

text: Gordon Hayward

text: NBA.com Profile

categories: African-American basketball players,Basketball players at the 2012 NCAA Men's Division I Final Four,Sportspeople from Hoboken, New Jersey,Atléticos de San Germán players,All-American college men's basketball players,BC Dynamo Moscow players,American expatriate basketball people in Venezuela,American expatriate basketball people in Israel,Guaros de Lara (basketball) players,Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball players,American expatriate basketball people in Turkey,American expatriate basketball people in Italy,Springfield Armor players,Living people,Auxilium Pallacanestro Torino players,Basketball players from New Jersey,American men's basketball players,American expatriate basketball people in Russia,Brooklyn Nets players,Maine Red Claws players,Portland Trail Blazers draft picks,1990 births,Point guards,Lega Basket Serie A players

paragraph: Tyshawn Taylor

paragraph: Tyshawn Jamar Taylor (born April 12, 1990) is an American professional basketball player for Auxilium Torino of the Italian Lega Basket Serie A (LBA). He played college basketball for the University of Kansas before he was selected by the Portland Trail Blazers with the 41st overall pick in the 2012 NBA draft.

paragraph: Section::::High school career.

paragraph: Taylor attended St. Anthony High School in New Jersey where he played under renowned high school coach Bob Hurley. During the 2007–08 season, Taylor's team went 32-0 and was awarded the high school basketball mythical national championship by USA Today. Taylor also appeared in the 2009 film "The Street Stops Here", a documentary about Hurley and St. Anthony.

paragraph: Considered a four-star recruit by Rivals.com, Taylor was listed as the No. 11 point guard and the No. 77 player in the nation in 2008.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: In 2008–09, Taylor averaged 9.7 points and 3.0 assists per game as he earned Big 12 All-Rookie team honors.

paragraph: Taylor changed his KU jersey number from 15 to 10 prior to his sophomore year and averaged 7.2 points and 3.4 assists per game on the 2009–10 Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball team who won both the Big 12 regular season and tournament championships.

paragraph: Taylor averaged 9.3 points and 4.6 assists his junior year. Taylor led the team in assists and was fourth in the Big 12. On February 21, 2011, Taylor was suspended indefinitely from the team for violating team rules. The specifics of the suspension were not announced.

paragraph: Starting for the fourth straight year, Taylor nearly doubled his career scoring average. Taylor, along with All-American Thomas Robinson, helped lead Kansas to the 2012 national championship game before losing to Kentucky.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Brooklyn Nets.

paragraph: On June 28, 2012, Taylor was selected with the 41st overall pick in the 2012 NBA draft by the Portland Trail Blazers. He was later traded to the Brooklyn Nets in exchange for cash considerations. On July 6, 2012, he signed with the Nets. When Deron Williams was ruled out for final two games before the All-Star break with ankle problems, Taylor was put into the Nets' rotation. In his first game in the rotation, Taylor finished with a career-high 12 points in a career-high 34 minutes as the Nets defeated the Indiana Pacers 89-84 in overtime. On November 25 in a loss against the LA Lakers, Coach Jason Kidd asked Taylor to "accidentally" bump into him because the Nets were out of timeouts. This incident was highlighted as evidence that Coach Kidd was out of his league as a rookie coach. During his rookie and sophomore seasons, he had multiple assignments with the Springfield Armor of the NBA D-League.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:2014–present.

paragraph: On January 21, 2014, Taylor was traded to the New Orleans Pelicans in exchange for cash considerations and the rights to Edin Bavčić. On January 23, 2014, he was waived by the Pelicans before playing in a game for them.

paragraph: On January 30, 2014, Taylor was acquired by the Maine Red Claws.

paragraph: On February 21, 2014, Taylor signed with Atléticos de San Germán of Puerto Rico for the 2014 BSN season. On May 23, 2014, he parted ways with Atléticos after 17 games.

paragraph: On September 17, 2014, Taylor signed with Dynamo Moscow of Russia for the 2014–15 season. He managed to average 9.7 points in 7 games before getting waived on January 13, 2015.

paragraph: On February 6, 2015, Taylor signed with Indios de Mayagüez for the 2015 BSN season.

paragraph: On January 28, 2016, Taylor signed with Guaros de Lara of Venezuela for the 2016 LPB season.

paragraph: On August 8, 2016, Taylor signed a one-year deal with Maccabi Kiryat Gat of the Israeli Premier League. On January 10, 2017, he was waived by Maccabi. On January 23, 2017, he signed with Ankara DSİ of the Turkish Basketball First League.

paragraph: On February 1, 2018, Taylor signed with Samsun BSB Anakent of the Turkish Basketball First League.

paragraph: On August 31, 2018, Taylor signed with Italian basketball club Auxilium Torino.

paragraph: Section::::The Basketball Tournament (TBT).

paragraph: In the summer of 2017, Taylor, for the third year, competed in The Basketball Tournament on ESPN for Team FOE, a Philadelphia based team coached by NBA forwards Markieff and Marcus Morris. In four games, Taylor averaged 12.8 points, 4.0 rebounds and 2.0 assists per game as Team FOE advanced to the Super 16 Round in Brooklyn, New York. FOE lost 72-67 in the Super 16 against Boeheim's Army, a team composed of Syracuse University basketball alum. Taylor also competed in TBT in 2015 and 2016 as well. In 2016, his first season with Team FOE, Taylor averaged 17.0 points and 3.7 rebounds over the course of three games. Previous to that, he played for the Jabroni Project in 2015.

paragraph: Section::::International career.

paragraph: Taylor represented USA Basketball as they won the 2009 FIBA Under-19 World Cup. Taylor averaged a team-high 10.8 points and a team-high 4.4 assists per game. His team-high 18 points and 6 assists in the final game against Greece helped secure the championship for the United States. After the tournament, Taylor was named to the five-person All-Star team for the tournament, along with teammate Gordon Hayward.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- NBA.com Profile

description: American basketball player

wikidata_label: Tyshawn Taylor

wikipedia_title: Tyshawn Taylor


text: Ashikaga Yoshimitsu

text: Kyoto

text: Uesugi Noriaki

text: Rinzai

text: Zen

text: Gidō Shūshin

text: Ashikaga Yoshimitsu

text: Shimotsuke Province

text: Kyūshū

text: seppuku

text: Southern Court

text: Yamana clan

text: Mutsu

text: Dewa Province

text: Kansai

text: Zuisen-ji

text: Mochiuji

text: seppuku

text: posthumous name

text: oshō

text: Musō Soseki

text: Nanboku-chō period

categories: People of Nanboku-chō-period Japan,Government of feudal Japan,1398 deaths,Kantō kubō,Ashikaga clan

paragraph: Ashikaga Ujimitsu

paragraph: Ujimitsu was the first "Kantō kubō" to openly aspire to the shogunate, and his relationship with "shōgun" Ashikaga Yoshimitsu in Kyoto consequently deteriorated to the point of being likened to that of "cats and dogs".

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Ujimitsu became "Kantō Kubō" at the age of nine when his father suddenly died at the age of 29 during an epidemic. Because of his extremely young age, he was given Uesugi Noriaki as a regent and Rinzai Zen priest Gidō Shūshin as a tutor. (Noriaki however died the following year and was replaced by his son Yoshinori.) Immediately after Ujimitsu's accession to power, Uesugi Noriaki left Kamakura for Kyoto to represent the "Kantō kubō" at Ashikaga Yoshimitsu's accession ceremony. Taking advantage of his absence, some Musashi families, led by the Kawagoe and the Takasaka clans, revolted against Ashikaga rule in the so-called , and were soon joined by Shimotsuke Province's Utsunomiya clan. The Uesugi however remained faithful and defeated the coalition.

paragraph: Ujimitsu worked continuously to define and solidify the structures of the Kamakura Bakufu he had inherited. Having gained full control of Kantō, he then conceived the idea of becoming "shōgun", taking advantage of the fact that "shōgun" Yoshimitsu was busy subduing Kyūshū. He however over the years abandoned the idea after Uesugi Noriharu committed seppuku in protest and he came to realize his lack of reliable support from other clans like the Toki and the Kyōgoku. He ordered a campaign against Oyama Yoshimasa, a Kantō supporter of the Southern Court against the Ashikaga, who had revolted. Although Yoshimasa was defeated and killed in 1382, the fight against the Oyama clan continued for Ujimitsu's entire life. In 1391 he allied himself with "shōgun" Yoshimitsu against the Yamana clan and, although the campaign ended before he could participate, he was nonetheless rewarded with the Mutsu and Dewa Provinces.

paragraph: Ujimitsu never completely abandoned the ambition to become "shōgun", and gradually his relationship with shogun Yoshimitsu worsened to the point of being described as one of open enmity. The fact he didn't have to suffer the consequences of the situation is probably due to the good offices of his childhood tutor Gidō Shūshin who, being in Kyoto, could intercede for him with Yoshimitsu, but also to the mediation of the Uesugi and to his work against the Oyama clan, which had served the interests of the Ashikaga's Kansai branch.

paragraph: He died at the age of 41 and was buried at a Rinzai temple near Kamakura called , later incorporated in Zuisen-ji). This is the same temple where in his grandson Mochiuji, defeated in 1439 by Kyoto's army, would commit "seppuku" disembowel himself to avoid the shame of capture.

paragraph: On the spot near Zuisen-ji where Yōan-ji used to be stands a stele, which reads:

paragraph: When "Kantō kubō" Ashikaga Ujimitsu died on January 11, 1398, he was given the posthumous name . His son Mitsukane built this temple and gave it his father's posthumous name. The temple's "oshō" Dombo Ushūō was a follower of Musō Soseki. On March 24, 1439 "kubō" Mochiuji, a descendant of Ujimitsu, fought here against "shōgun" Yoshinori, was defeated and disemboweled himself. The temple was burned and never rebuilt. This is where it stood.

paragraph: Erected by the Kamakuramachi Seinendan in March 1926

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kamakura – The Muromachi and Edo periods

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nanboku-chō period

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Papinot, E. (1910). "Historical and Geographical Dictionary of Japan". 1972 Printing. Charles E. Tuttle Company, Tokyo, .

description: 2nd Kamakura Kubō of the Ashikaga shogunate

wikidata_label: Ashikaga Ujimitsu

wikipedia_title: Ashikaga Ujimitsu


text:
Margrave of Montferrat
John II of Montferrat
Isabella of Majorca
Secondotto
regency
Otto, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen
Visconti
Milan
Antipope Clement VII
Avignon
Kingdom of France
Kingdom of Naples
Charles III
Joan I
Theodore II, Marquess of Montferrat

categories: Marquesses of Montferrat,1362 births,1381 deaths,Palaiologos dynasty,14th-century Italian people

paragraph: John III, Marquess of Montferrat

paragraph: John III Palaeologus (c. 1362 – 25 August 1381) was the Margrave of Montferrat from 1378 to his death. He was the second son of John II of Montferrat and Isabella of Majorca and brother and successor of Secondotto. On 3 January 1379, John III was installed as margrave under the regency of his uncle Otto, Duke of Brunswick-Grubenhagen.

paragraph: Desirous of avenging his brother's death and recuperating the territory lost in the aftermath of Secondotto's retreat, John declared war on the Visconti of Milan, but was forced to sign a peace before fighting had begun, under the pressure of the Antipope Clement VII of Avignon, who wished to have Otto of Brunswick at his court. Otto consequently signed the treaty and confirmed the borders of the margraviate during his absence. In order to guarantee the survival of the margraviate, Otto placed it under the protection of the Kingdom of France.

paragraph: Later, John followed Otto to the court of the Kingdom of Naples, but during his absence troubles arose. When Charles III was declared King of Naples and Joan I successively fled, John and Otto found themselves fully immersed in the war over the Neapolitan succession and unable to return to Montferrat. On 25 August 1381, they were involved in a battle in which Otto was captured and the young John slain. He succeeded by his younger brother Theodore II, Marquess of Montferrat.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani LV Ginammi – Giovanni da Crema". Caravale, Mario (ed). Rome, 2000.

description: Margrave of Montferrat, 1378 to 1381

wikidata_label: John III, Marquess of Montferrat

wikipedia_title: John III, Marquess of Montferrat


text:
Spanish
composer
Cartagena
Army of Flanders
Flanders
Sicily
St. John of Jerusalem
Maastricht
Francesco Maria II della Rovere
Urbino
viceroy of Sicily
Bernardino de Cárdenas
Peretti
Colonna
Giovanni Maria Nanino
Francesco Soriano
maestro di cappella
Palermo
Achille Falcone
"Usciva homai" sheet music
Raval's "Da Pacem Domine" on YouTube

categories: 1604 deaths,1550 births,Renaissance composers,People from Cartagena, Spain

paragraph: Sebastián Raval

paragraph: Sebastián Raval (c. 15501604) was a Spanish composer of vocal and instrumental music. Born in Cartagena, he served as a soldier of the Army of Flanders in Flanders and Sicily. He joined the order of St. John of Jerusalem after being wounded in the siege of Maastricht.

paragraph: He moved to Italy where he served as a musician in the court of Francesco Maria II della Rovere in Urbino, of the viceroy of Sicily, Bernardino de Cárdenas, and of the cardinals Peretti and Colonna in Rome.

paragraph: In Rome, he declared himself the "best musician in the world", on account of which he was challenged to a musical contest first by Giovanni Maria Nanino and shortly afterwards by Francesco Soriano. Raval was defeated in both cases.

paragraph: On 28 April 1595 he succeeded Luis Ruiz as the last Spanish "maestro di cappella" of the viceroyal chapel of the Spanish viceroys in Palermo.

paragraph: In Sicily, he again challenged a musician, Achille Falcone, to a contest; it was first decided in Falcone's favour but, after some appeals, in Raval's. After Falcone's death in 1600, Antonio Falcone, father of Achille, published all the process of this musical duel in his "Relazione del successo" and took Raval and Falcone's pieces (the object of this competition) to print including several canons, madrigals, motets and ricercari. This edition of both Falcone and Raval's pieces is available in a modern edition.

paragraph: Sebastián Raval died in Palermo in 1604.

paragraph: In 2004, the city of Cartagena, his birth city, paid homage to him, on the occasion of the 400th anniversary of his death, with a concert conducted by the violist Pere Ros.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Raval composed religious polyphonic music, madrigals and instrumental ricercari.

paragraph: Raval's oeuvre has not yet studied in depth. Only a few pieces have been published in modern times; the rest await the musicological research they deserve.

paragraph: Sacred:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Motectorum liber primus. 5 vv (Rome 1593)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lamentationes Hieremiae Prophetae. 5 vv Rome 1594

paragraph: BULLET::::- Motecta Selecta organo Accommodata. 3-8 vv. org. (Palermo 1600)

paragraph: Secular:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Il Primo Libro de Madrigali. 5vv (Venice 1593)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Il Pimo Libro di Canzonette. 4 VV (Venice 1593)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Madrigali 3, 5, 8 vv (Rome 1595)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Il Primo Libro di Ricercari (Palermo 1596)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2 Madrigals in "Infidi Lumi" (Palermo 1603) (lost)

paragraph: Section::::Editions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Achile Falcone-Madrigali, Mottetti e Ricercari" (Includes pieces of Raval). Leo S. Olschki Editore. (Firenze, 2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sebastián Raval. 6 Canones (IL Primo Libro di Ricercari. Palermo 1596)" Sociedad Española de Musicología, Madrid 1985.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sebastián Raval. Il Primo Libro di Ricercari a Quatro Voci Cantabili, per liuti, cimbali et viole d'arco. Palermo, 1596." Edited by Andrés Cea Galán. Patrimonio Musical Español, Fundación Caja Madrid (Madrid, 2008).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Three ensemble ricercars in four parts from Il primo libro de canzonette, 1593" edited by Milton Swenson.Ottawa: Dovehouse Editions, 1981.

paragraph: Section::::Recordings.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Da Pacem Domine" Motete a 8 voces en dos coros a canon. La Lyra Hispana

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Usciva homai" sheet music

paragraph: BULLET::::- Raval's "Da Pacem Domine" on YouTube

description: Spanish composer

wikidata_label: Sebastián Raval

wikipedia_title: Sebastián Raval


text:
Brigadier
Eton College
Royal Military College, Sandhurst
15th/19th Hussars
brigadier
Second World War
VIII Corps
Lieutenant General
Sir Richard O'Connor
Operation Overlord
chief of staff
Eighth Army
Sir Richard McCreery
Lord-Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire
horseriding
fox hunting
Sir Henry Floyd Grammar School
Aylesbury

categories: People educated at Eton College,Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst,1899 births,People from Buckinghamshire,Deaths by horse-riding accident,Lord-Lieutenants of Buckinghamshire,15th/19th The King's Royal Hussars officers,Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom,Operation Overlord people,1968 deaths,Accidental deaths in England,British Army personnel of World War II

paragraph: Sir Henry Floyd, 5th Baronet

paragraph: Brigadier Sir Henry Robert Kincaid Floyd, 5th Baronet (7 May 1899 – 5 November 1968) was a British soldier.

paragraph: Floyd was educated at Eton College and at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. He was an officer in the 15th/19th Hussars and, having been promoted to brigadier, during the Second World War he served as Brigadier General Staff (BGS) to VIII Corps, commanded by Lieutenant General Sir Richard O'Connor. He served with VIII Corps throughout Operation Overlord and was described as "a tower of strength to the new commander [O'Connor] and became a good friend as well". From October 1944 he was chief of staff of the Eighth Army, commanded by Lieutenant General Sir Richard McCreery, from 1944 to 1945. Between 1961 and 1968 he served as Lord-Lieutenant of Buckinghamshire. A fervent supporter of horseriding and fox hunting, he was killed in a riding accident at the age of 69.

paragraph: The Sir Henry Floyd Grammar School in Aylesbury is named after him, as is part of the postgraduate medical centre at Stoke Mandeville Hospital.

description: British Army general

wikidata_label: Sir Henry Floyd, 5th Baronet

wikipedia_title: Sir Henry Floyd, 5th Baronet


text: Minnedosa

text: Canadian

text: artistic gymnast

text: 2016 Summer Olympic Games

text: 2014 Commonwealth Games

text: 2017 World Championships

text: 2014 Commonwealth Games

text: team

text: all-around

text: Nanning

text: China

text: 2015 World Championships

text: Artistic Gymnastics World Cup

text: Ljubljana

text: World Championships

text: Ellie Black

text: 2016 Summer Olympics

text: Isabela Onyshko

categories: Gymnasts at the 2018 Commonwealth Games,Gymnasts at the 2015 Pan American Games,People from Minnedosa, Manitoba,Pan American Games medalists in gymnastics,Pan American Games silver medalists for Canada,1998 births,Sportspeople from Manitoba,Gymnasts at the 2016 Summer Olympics,Commonwealth Games medallists in gymnastics,Canadian female artistic gymnasts,Canadian people of Ukrainian descent,Living people,Olympic gymnasts of Canada,Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Canada

paragraph: Isabela Onyshko

paragraph: Isabela Maria Onyshko (born 23 June 1998 in Minnedosa) is a Canadian artistic gymnast who represented her country at the 2016 Summer Olympic Games, the 2014 Commonwealth Games, as well as the 2014, 2015 and 2017 World Championships. She was the 2014 National Champion on beam. In 2016, she won Elite Canada and the National Championships in the individual All Around.

paragraph: Section::::Senior career.

paragraph: Section::::Senior career.:2014.

paragraph: At the 2014 Commonwealth Games, Onyshko finished fourth with her team and seventh in the all-around. Also in 2014, she competed at the 2014 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Nanning, China. Her team placed 12th in qualifications, failing to qualify to the team final, but they did qualify a full team for the 2015 World Championships.

paragraph: Section::::Senior career.:2015.

paragraph: In January 2015, Onyshko competed at the Elite Canada competition, placing second overall, with third places finishes on the beam and the floor. At the Artistic Gymnastics World Cup event in Ljubljana Onyshko won three medals winning her first world cup gold in the uneven bars and another win on the balance beam while placing second in the floor event.

paragraph: In September, Gymnastics Canada named Onyshko to their World Championships team. She will represent Canada at the 2015 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships alongside 6 of her teammates from October 23 to November 1, 2015.

paragraph: Section::::Senior career.:2016.

paragraph: On February 5, 2016, Onyshko won the 2016 Elite Canada competition. Later that month, she won all-around silver at the Stuttgart World Cup. She went on to compete at the Olympic Test Event in Rio de Janeiro, placing fourth on balance beam and floor exercise; and tenth in the all-around.

paragraph: In June, she competed at the Canadian National Championships, besting reigning champion Ellie Black to win the all-around. She additionally won gold on uneven bars and balance beam, bronze on floor exercise, and placed fourth on vault. She then represented Canada at the 2016 Summer Olympics, where the team finished ninth. Individually, Onyshko finished 18th all around and 8th on beam. She became the first Canadian gymnast to make a beam final at the Olympics.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Isabela Onyshko at Gymnastics Canada

description: Canadian artistic gymnast

wikidata_label: Isabela Onyshko

wikipedia_title: Isabela Onyshko


text: Argentina

text: Galicia

text: Basque Country

text: House of Castro

text: Switzerland

text: Lausanne

text: Turin

text: Montevideo

text: César Vallejo

text: Octavio Paz

text: Julio Cortázar

text: Samuel Beckett

text: Kostas Papaioannou

text: Georges Schéhadé

text: Joaquín Torres García

text: Nikos Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas

text: Maria Helena Vieira da Silva

text: Árpád Szenes

text: Córdoba

text: Manuel de Falla

text: Alta Gracia

text: pre-columbian art

text: Gonzalo Fonseca

text: Julio Uruguay Alpuy

text: Jonio Montiel

text: La Plata

text: Wilhelm Furtwängler

text: Aaron Copland

text: Juan José Castro

text: Edith Aron

text: "Hopscotch"

text: Venice Biennale

text: University of Strasbourg

text: Ordre des Arts et des Lettres

text: Saint-Lô

text: Alberto Ginastera

text: Montparnasse cemetery

text: Monastery of the Benedictines

text: Couvrechef- La Folie

text: Caen

text: Jean Zunz

text: stained-glass

text: Dietrich Bonhoeffer

text: Hamburg-Dulsberg

text: Gerhart Laage

text: Romont

text: Fribourg

text: Switzerland

text: Saint-Georges-sur-Baulche

text: Auxerre

text: La Défense

text: Pierre Loeb

text: documenta 2

text: Kassel

text: Matthiesen Gallery

text: Galeria Lorenzelli

text: Bergamo

text: Milano

text: Basel

text: Kunstverein Hamburg

text: Oslo

text: Copenhagen

text: Oslo

text: Holstebro

text: Kunsthalle Bremen

text: Berlin

text: Musée des Beaux-Arts de Caen

text: Venice Biennale

text: Museo de Arte Moderno de Buenos Aires

text: Castro et le défi du vitrail

text: Sergio de Castro (official website)

text: « Innombrables sont les voies »

paragraph: Sergio de Castro (artist)

paragraph: Sergio de Castro (15 September 1922 – 31 December 2012) was a French-Argentinian artist.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Sergio de Castro was born in Argentina, in an aristocratic family of Spanish origins (Galicia and the Basque Country), the House of Castro. His father was a diplomat, which is why, from 1923 until 1932, Castro lived in Switzerland with his parents and his two sisters. During these years he visited cities like Lausanne, Geneva and Turin.

paragraph: In 1933 he entered a Jesuit school in Montevideo and he started studying music. He discovered poetry by learning to speak and write in Spanish. He was specially touched by the works of César Vallejo. Through the years Castro would become close friends with writers like Octavio Paz, Julio Cortázar, Samuel Beckett, Kostas Papaioannou and Georges Schéhadé. Later, during a trip to Uruguay, he met Joaquín Torres García, with whom he studied painting and monumental art from 1941 until 1949. In 1942 he moved to Argentina, where he would live until 1949. Castro was also friends with other artists like Nikos Hadjikyriakos-Ghikas, Maria Helena Vieira da Silva and Árpád Szenes.

paragraph: In 1945 he found a job as a secretary in the Astronomy Observatorium of the city of Córdoba, where we also worked as the assistant to the musician Manuel de Falla in Alta Gracia, until his death in 1946. In 1945 and 1946 he had a grant from the French government to study musical composition. During the year of 1946 he had an exhibition in New York City among other members of Torres García's workshop. That same year he traveled to the northeast of Argentina and the south of Perú to study pre-columbian art with Gonzalo Fonseca, Julio Uruguay Alpuy and Jonio Montiel.

paragraph: In 1949 he started teaching History of Music in the new music school of the city of La Plata. His work as a musician drew attention from relevant figures such as Wilhelm Furtwängler, Aaron Copland and Juan José Castro. He quit this job when he got a grant from the French government to improve his musical studies in Paris, where he settled in November 1949. Since 1951 he devoted himself exclusively to painting.

paragraph: In 1955, his friend the German writer and translator Edith Aron introduced him to Julio Cortázar, who would become a close friend of him. Castro inspired the character of Etienne in Cortázar's novel "Rayuela" ("Hopscotch"). In the book is featured the intimate friendship of the protagonist, Horacio Oliveira, with his companion in the Serpent Club, whom he often visited in his studio in Paris. In 1960 he won the Hallmark Prize in New York. In 1979 he obtained the French nationality.

paragraph: In 1980 he showed his works at the Argentinian pavilion in the 39th Venice Biennale. He was associate professor in the Human Sciences Faculty of the University of Strasbourg from 1981 until 1986. In 1997 he became Officer in the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres.

paragraph: In 2006, Sergio de Castro made a 220-work donation to the Fine Arts Museum of Saint-Lô.

paragraph: He was also a close friend of the musician Alberto Ginastera, who made reference to Sergio de Castro and his first works in his notes on modern Argentinian music.

paragraph: Castro died 31 December 2012 in Paris. He is buried in the Montparnasse cemetery, in Paris, close to his dear friend Samuel Beckett.

paragraph: Section::::Monumental works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Two wall paintings for the Martirené Pavilion of the Hospital Saint-Bois (1942), in Montevideo (Uruguay), in collaboration with Joaquín Torres García and his disciples, among which Castro was the youngest.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Creation of the Universe" (1956–1958), 6m x 20m stained-glass window. Castro worked with painter and glass-maker J. J. K. Ray (1898–1979) in Paris. This window is the church of the Monastery of the Benedictines in Couvrechef- La Folie (Caen). Architect: Jean Zunz.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Redemption" (1968–1969), 4,5 x 17m stained-glass window for Lutheran temple Dietrich Bonhoeffer Kirche in Hamburg-Dulsberg (Germany). Architect: Gerhart Laage.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Prophets" (1978–1981), five stained glasses for pre-existent windows in the 15th-century Collegiate of Romont (Fribourg), Switzerland.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wall painting for Yonne public library, in Saint-Georges-sur-Baulche, in Auxerre (France).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wall paintings on the subject of chemistry (numbers and letters) for the company Atochem in Paris La Défense, now renamed Arkema.

paragraph: Section::::Selected Exhibitions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1952 Galerie Jeanne Castel Paris

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1954 Galería Bonino Buenos Aires and Galerie Pierre Loeb, Paris

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1956 Galerie Rive Gauche, Paris

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1958 Matthiesen Gallery, London

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1959 documenta 2 "Kunst nach 1945" Kassel

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1961 Matthiesen Gallery, London

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1963–64 Galeria Lorenzelli, Bergamo and Milano

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1964 Galería Bettie Thommen, Basel

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1965 Kunstverein Hamburg "Retrospektive"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1966 Musée d'Art et d'Histoire, Fribourg, Switzerland (retrospective)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1966 Recklinhausen, "Variationen über ein Thema", Städtische Kunsthalle

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970 "Retrospektiven" in Oslo, Kunstforering, and Kunst Industriemuseet, Copenhagen, Kunstforening, Oslo, Kunstforening, Holstebro

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972 Wildenstein Gallery, London "Landscapes of Light"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1974 Galerie Jacob, Paris

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1975 Kunsthalle Bremen, "Retrospektive", Berlin Tempelhof, Kunstamt (Berlin Festival)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1975–76 Retrospective exhibition the Musée des Beaux-Arts de Caen (68 artworks from 1956 to 1966), France

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1979 "Hommage à Pierre Loeb", Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1980 39th Venice Biennale

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987 French Institute London. Museo de Arte Moderno de Buenos Aires

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988 Galerie des Ambassades y Galerie Galarte, Sergio de Castro, "Natures Mortes", 1958–1965. Paris/ Bayeux, Diocesan Museum of Sacred Art

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1989 Galerie des Ambassades, Paris

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1991–92 Romont, Swiss Stained Glass Museum (Castro Donation)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995 Paris, Galarté Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997 Paris La Défense, Atochem

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998 Punta De Este, Sur Gallery, Punta del Este, Uruguay

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006–07 Saint-Lô, Normandy, exhibition of the Castro Donation

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 Château de Gruyères, Switzerland, Sergio de Castro

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009 Museo Gurvich Montevideo, Uruguay, Francine Del Pierre and Fance Franck's Workshop, Paris

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Denys Sutton, "Sergio de Castro", Le Musée de Poche, Paris, 1963.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jacques Thuillier, "Les Prophètes", Madrid, Ediciones El Viso, 1984.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (es) Jacques Thuillier, "Los Profetas", Madrid, Ediciones El Viso, 1984.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Étienne Chatton, "Nouveaux signes du sacré : Le vitrail contemporain", Lausanne, Fribourg, Coédition Loisirs et Pédagogie, Fragnière, 1985.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (es) Marie-Pierre Colle-Corcuera, "Artistas latinoamericanos en su estudio", México, Noriega Editores, 1994.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jacques Thuillier, "Sergio de Castro : 60 ans de création", 1944–2004, Paris, Somogy, 2006.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Véronique David, " Castro et le défi du vitrail ", dans "In Situ, revue des patrimoines", 2009, no 123.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sergio de Castro (official website)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vimeo – Sergio de Castro official profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henri Raynal, « Innombrables sont les voies », in "Revue du MAUSS permanente", 11 décembre 2012. Article on some contemporary artists, including Castro.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jacques Poloni-Simard, « Le muralisme des années 1930 et 1940 dans les pays du Río de la Plata », in "Nuevo Mundo Mundos Nuevos", 2014.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jacques Poloni-Simard, « Le “voyage des Andes” des artistes du Río de la Plata au XXe siècle », in "Artelogie", 2014.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Denis Krieger website on stained-glass windows, with works by Sergio de Castro for the Monastery of the Benedictines in Couvrechef-La Folie (Caen).

alias:
Sergio De Castro
Sergio Federico Fernández Castro
Sergio Federico Fernandez Castro

description: Argentinian-french artist

wikidata_label: Sergio de Castro

wikipedia_title: Sergio de Castro (artist)


text:
King of Sweden
Holmger Knutsson
folkung
Eric XI:s
Canute I of Sweden
Eric the holy
Jon Jarl
Helena Pedersdatter Strange
Hans Gillingstam
House of Bjelbo
Coat of arms
Holmger
Philip
Birger Jarl
dominican friar
Sko Abbey
cistercian nuns
Eric XI of Sweden
Battle of Olustra
Södermanland
Eric Chronicle
Sturla Tordsson
Eric X
Natur & Kultur

categories: 13th-century Swedish monarchs,Rulers of Finland,Year of birth unknown,Swedish monarchs,1234 deaths

paragraph: Canute II of Sweden

paragraph: Canute II the Tall (), was King of Sweden from 1229 until his death in 1234. He was the father of Holmger Knutsson, a later pretender for the Swedish throne. Both father and son were members of the folkung faction.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Not much is certain about his background. An unreliable, late fourteenth century source calls him "Knut Joansson", but the dominating theory is that he was identical with "Knut Holmgersson" who was a member of king Eric XI:s council and was a relative to the king, and that his father was a man Holmger who was called a "nepos" of King Canute I of Sweden. This theory is supported by the fact that one of Knut's sons was named Holmger. Nepos usually meant "nephew", but could be used for other younger relatives. If these identifications are correct, Canute would be the great-grandson of king Eric the holy. A few historians have instead suggested that the late source might be correct and that Canute's father was Jon Jarl.

paragraph: Some sources give Canute's spouse as Helena Pedersdatter Strange, but this has been challenged by Hans Gillingstam, who instead believed that he was married to an unknown woman from the House of Bjelbo, evidenced by the Coat of arms on the tomb cover of his son Holmger.

paragraph: Canute had the sons Holmger (d. 1248) and Philip (d. 1251), who both died in Folkung uprisings against Birger Jarl.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: In 1220, Canute donated land to two dominican friars in Sko in Uppland. They left after a while, and the land instead formed the nucleus of the Sko Abbey for cistercian nuns. According to a 16th century-source, he was eventually buried there.

paragraph: Canute was probably a member of the council that ruled Sweden from 1222 to 1229, during the minority of Eric XI of Sweden. In 1229 or 1230, Eric was overthrown after the Battle of Olustra in Södermanland. Canute's exact involvement in the rising is unclear: he might have participated, or been a compromise candidate. He was recognized in 1231 at the latest, but his time in office was short. The sources contradict each other on the matter of Eric's return: the Lund annals claim that Eric returned before the death of Canute in 1232, the Eric Chronicle that he returned following the death of Canute and after renewed fighting. Sturla Tordsson claimed that Canute for a while was co-regent with Eric X, which could indicate that he was co-regent with Eric XI during some part of his reign.

paragraph: Canute's reign likely saw the revision of some Swedish laws: creditors could no longer enter the homes of debtors to collect debts without the assistance of a government official, and the king was required to hold judical reviews at least every third year. These changes have been noted as having taken place in the reign of king Canute, and due to chronological considerations, Canute II is thought to be most likely.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Adolfsson, Mats "När borgarna brann - svenska uppror" (Stockholm: Natur & Kultur, 2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Larsson, Mats G. "Götarnas riken : upptäcktsfärder ill Sveriges enande" (Bokförlaget Atlantis AB. 2002)

description: King of Sweden

wikidata_label: Canute II of Sweden

wikipedia_title: Canute II of Sweden


text:
Swedish
Old Norse
Sweden
House of Eric
Jarls
Birger Jarl
descendants
Eric X of Sweden
Richeza of Denmark
Erikskrönikan
John I
House of Sverker
Valdemar Sejr
Denmark
Pope Honorius III
Strängnäs Cathedral
Skara
Knut Kristinesson
Knut Holmgersson (Knut the Tall)
Norway
Håkon Håkonson
Värmland
Norway
Folkung
Södermanland
Alvastra
Östergötland
Valdemar Sejr
Canute II of Sweden
Ulf Fase
Birger Magnusson (Birger Jarl)
Bjälbo family
Östergötland
Finland
Nousiainen
Turku
military expedition
Tavastia
crusade
Novgorod Republic
Neva River
attacked and routed
Alexander Nevsky
Uppland
Battle of Sparrsätra
Holmger Knutsson
Gästrikland
Skänninge
William of Sabina
Pope Innocent IV
Catherine
Varnhem Abbey
Västergötland
House of Eric
Valdemar
Skáldatal
Óláfr Þórðarson
skald

categories: Medieval child rulers,13th-century Swedish monarchs,Royalty and nobility with disabilities,Rulers of Finland,1216 births,Rulers deposed as children,1250 deaths,Christians of the Second Swedish Crusade,Swedish monarchs,House of Eric

paragraph: Eric XI of Sweden

paragraph: Eric "XI" the Lisp and Lame Swedish: "Erik Eriksson" or "Erik läspe och halte"; Old Norse: "Eiríkr Eiríksson" (1216 – 2 February 1250) was king of Sweden in 1222–29 and 1234–50. Being the last ruler of the House of Eric, he stood in the shadow of a succession of powerful Jarls, especially his brother-in-law Birger Jarl, whose descendants ruled as kings after his death.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: Eric was the son of Eric X of Sweden and Richeza of Denmark. According to the chronicle "Erikskrönikan" written in the early 1320s, Eric is said to have been partly lame; "King Eric was lisping in his talk / Limping was, as well, his walk". For this reason, later historians referred to him as "Erik the Lisp and Lame" which was apparently not used in his own time. Eric was born after his father, King Eric X, had already died (1216). The fifteen-year-old John I from the rival House of Sverker was hailed king by the Swedish aristocracy, while Queen Richeza returned to her Danish homeland where her brother Valdemar Sejr ruled.

paragraph: Eric spent his early youth in Denmark, while Valdemar championed his rights to the Swedish throne and tried to prevent the coronation of John I. Pope Honorius III ordered three North German bishops to investigate the issue in 1219, however to no avail. John I nevertheless died in 1222, whereby the House of Sverker became extinct in the male line.

paragraph: Section::::First reign.

paragraph: With no dynastic rivals at hand, the six-year-old Eric was hailed as king, sometime between August 1222 and July 1223. The Archbishop Olof Basatömer supported his cause and appears to have crowned him in Strängnäs Cathedral on 31 July 1223. During the minority of the king, a council was formed, consisting of Bishop Bengt of Skara, the king's foster father Erengisle Vig, Stenar, Knut Kristinesson, and Knut Holmgersson (Knut the Tall). The two last-mentioned were second cousins of King Eric. In 1225 Eric and his realm were taken under the protection of the Pope. In the same year a brief conflict with Norway flared up, as King Håkon Håkonson made an incursion into Värmland in retaliation for support given to Håkon's Norwegian enemies. The members of the royal council were termed "consiliarii" (Sw., "rådsherre"), a term that now occurs for the first time in a Swedish context. However, the internal cohesion of the council was weak, and its members were considered notoriously unreliable. Knut Kristinesson went to Norway in 1226 in order to claim the crown of this country, and Bishop Bengt died in 1228.

paragraph: In the next year 1229, a feud broke out, as Knut the Tall and a party of nobles, the Folkung Party, rose against the young ruler. The causes are not known, but a wish by some nobles to restrain the power of the Church might have had a role. Eric was overthrown after the battle of Olustra ("slaget vid Olustra"). The battle is believed to have taken place in Olustra (Ostra) in Södermanland, although Alvastra in Östergötland has been mentioned as a possible site. After his loss, the young king fled to Denmark where his uncle Valdemar Sejr was still ruling. Knut the Tall was crowned King Canute II of Sweden in 1231, but his time was short and he died in 1234.

paragraph: Section::::Second reign.

paragraph: According to a Danish source, Eric returned to Sweden already in 1232, when Canute was still king. The Swedish "Erikskrönikan" on the contrary asserts that he came back after King Canute's death, after a new round of fighting. At any rate Eric was once again accepted as king and ruled until his own death in 1250. At first, he reconciled with the Folkung Party. The Folkung Ulf Fase, who had been Jarl of the realm under Canute II, continued to serve in that function under Eric. Ulf Fase was an able politician who managed to prevent feuding between the noble factions for many years. As a king, Eric is depicted in "Erikskrönikan" as good-natured but physically passive:

paragraph: In fact he was relatively insignificant and heavily dependent on stronger men in his entourage; first Ulf Fase and, after his death (1248), the latter's kinsman Birger Magnusson (Birger Jarl) (d. 1266). They were both scions of the large and influential Bjälbo family from Östergötland, but entertained different political agendas. While Ulf pursued a policy of alliance with the Norwegian king, Birger strove to strengthen royal authority by allying closely with the Catholic Church. In about the late 1230s, King Eric's elder sister Ingeborg was married to Birger, in the latter's first marriage. Birger was purportedly the son of a female heiress of the Sverker dynasty, thus having royal blood.

paragraph: Section::::Eastward expansion.

paragraph: Sweden had a certain presence in south-western Finland by the early 13th century, although it is unclear to what extent this translated into political power. A bishopric existed in Nousiainen and later Turku (Åbo), which stood under the papal legate of the Baltic region. The "Erikskrönikan" contains a graphic description of a military expedition to Tavastia further to the east that King Eric dispatched in an unspecified year, possibly in 1238-39 or 1249-50. While not literally a crusade, the professed aim was to Christianize still pagan lands. A sizable fleet was assembled under the leadership of Birger and sailed over to Tavastia (a problematic statement since Tavastia is an inland region). According to the highly propagandist chronicle, the expedition was an unqualified success:

paragraph: The expedition led to the establishment of a permanent fortress, Tavasteborg, and the formal Christianization of the region. As the chronicle has it, "I think the Russian king lost it". The enterprise is not mentioned in other sources, and its circumstances are hotly debated among modern historians. It is possibly connected to a Swedish foray in the Novgorod Republic in 1240. A fleet of ships commanded by a certain Spiridon and accompanied by a few bishops went up the Neva River, but were attacked and routed by the Novgorodian prince Alexander Nevsky. Details of the battle are partly legendary, and its significance might have been exaggerated in Russian historiography. According to a 14th-century source, the Swedish leader was a Belgerd, corresponding to Birger, though this may be a later construction.

paragraph: Section::::Renewed domestic feuding.

paragraph: Internal fighting once again broke out in 1247, shortly before (or possibly after) Ulf Fase's death. The Folkung Party warred with King Eric and Birger, but their peasant allies in Uppland lost the Battle of Sparrsätra and were punished by tightening royal taxation. The Folkung leader Holmger Knutsson, a son of Canute II, fled to Gästrikland but was captured by Eric's men and beheaded.

paragraph: Shortly after the defeat of the uprising, Birger was appointed Jarl of the realm. As such he oversaw a clerical meeting in Skänninge in February 1248, summoned by the papal legate William of Sabina. On behalf of Pope Innocent IV, he urged the Swedes to stick to canonic-juridical praxis as laid down by Rome. The authority of the bishops was strengthened and Sweden was increasingly incorporated in the Catholic Church.

paragraph: Section::::Family and heirs.

paragraph: Eric married Queen Catherine in 1243 or 1244. She was the daughter of (Jarl) Sune Folkason of Bjälbo and an heiress of the House of Sverker. In that way the two long-competing royal houses were eventually united. Commonly, sources say that Eric was childless, but some sources claim that he had a couple of baby daughters who died.

paragraph: Eric XI died on 2 February 1250, and was buried in the monastery of Varnhem Abbey in Västergötland. With him the House of Eric became extinct in the male line, with the possible exception of Canute II's son Filip (d. 1251). Under these circumstances the throne went to the offspring of Birger Jarl and Ingeborg, the more since Birger was now in full control over the realm. Their eldest but still under-age son Valdemar was elected king in 1250 to succeed Eric, possibly by-passing the sons, to the extent there were such, of Ingeborg's elder sisters. Birger Jarl became the Regent, holding the true power in Sweden until his own death in 1266. "Skáldatal" reports that Óláfr Þórðarson was one of Eric's court skalds.

paragraph: Section::::Other sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bolin, Sture, "Erik Eriksson", "Svenskt biografiskt lexikon" .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harrison, Dick, "Sveriges historia: medeltiden" (Stockholm: Liber, 2002).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harrison, Dick, "Jarlens sekel - En berättelse om 1200-talets Sverige" ( Stockholm: Ordfront, 2002).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harrison, Dick, "Birger jarl och Aleksandr Nevskij", "Svenska Dagbladet" Blog, 1 May 2011 .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lagerqvist, Lars O.; Åberg, Nils, "Litet lexikon över Sveriges regenter" (Boda kyrkby: Vincent förlag, 2004).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lindström, Henrik; Lindström, Fredrik, "Svitjods undergång och Sveriges födelse" (Stockholm: Albert Bonniers förlag, 2006). .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Line, Philip, "Kingship and State Formation in Sweden 1130-1290" (Leiden: Brill, 2007).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pipping, Rolf (ed.), "Erikskrönikan" (Uppsala: Almqvist & Wicksell, 1921).

description: King of Sweden

wikidata_label: Eric XI of Sweden

wikipedia_title: Eric XI of Sweden


text:
Limousin
troubadour
castellan
Ussel-sur-Sarzonne
Ventadorn
Peire
Gui
Elias
tenso
partimen
Guilhem Ademar
cobla
vida
Bonaigue
trobar.org

categories: Troubadours,French male poets,Year of death unknown,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Eble d'Ussel

paragraph: Eble or Ebles d'Ussel (also "d'Ussèl" or "d'Uisel"; fl. c. 1200) was a Limousin troubadour, the eldest of three brothers, castellans of the castle of Ussel-sur-Sarzonne, northeast of Ventadorn. His younger brothers were Peire and Gui and he also had a cousin named Elias, all troubadours. Of his corpus only one "tenso", one "partimen" (with Guilhem Ademar), and a "cobla" survive. The only sources for his life, besides his own songs, are the "vida" of his brother Gui and a document recording the donation of land to the abbey of Bonaigue by two brothers Guido and Eblo Usseli. According to Gui's "vida", Eble composed "bad "tensos"".

paragraph: The complete works of the four relations of Ussel, including Eble, were first compiled in one volume by J. Audiau as "Les poésies des quatre troubadours d'Ussel" (Paris, Delagrave, 1922). They are all available online at trobar.org.

description: French troubador

wikidata_label: Eble d'Ussel

wikipedia_title: Eble d'Ussel


text: Canadian

text: Halifax

text: Nova Scotia

text: Tower Road School

text: Edmund Wyly Grier

text: World War II

text: Nova Scotia College of Art and Design

text: David Whitzman

text: Earl Bailly

text: Joseph Purcell

text: East Ironbound

text: New Harbour, Nova Scotia

text: Montreal

text: Arthur Lismer

text: Montreal Museum of Fine Arts

text: Lunenburg, Nova Scotia

text: dory-fishing

text: Chester, Nova Scotia

text: Sidney C. Oland

text: Thomas Head Raddall

text: Duncan's Cove, Nova Scotia

text: New York City

text: Flushing Bay

text: Brooklyn Navy Yard

text: USS "Enterprise" (CV-6)

text: Rudolf Wunderlich

text: Kennedy Galleries

text: Upper West Side

text: Ed McCurdy

text: Samuel Bronston

text: John Paul Jones

text: Winterport, Maine

text: Cape Cod

text: Penobscot River

text: Northwest Arm

text: John F. Kennedy

text: White House

text: Roland Gammon

text: West Palm Beach, Florida

text: Worth Avenue

text: Stonehurst, Nova Scotia

text: Gary Merrill

text: Phil Stern

text: Gulf Stream

text: Bahamas

text: Green Turtle Cay

text: powder magazine

text: Citadel Hill

text: H. Dieter Holterbosch

text: skiff

text: dory

text: Tancook Schooner

text: Cape Islander

text: Palm Beach, Florida

text: Royal Canadian Navy

text: Good Samaritan Hospital

text: Lunenburg Bay

categories: 1927 births,People from Halifax, Nova Scotia,1981 deaths,NSCAD University alumni,Artists from Nova Scotia,20th-century Canadian painters,Canadian marine artists

paragraph: Jack L. Gray

paragraph: Jack Lorimer Gray (April 28, 1927 — September, 1981) was a Canadian artist, known particularly for marine art.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life and education.

paragraph: Jack L. Gray was born in Halifax, Nova Scotia on April 28, 1927, the only child of civil engineer Samuel William Gray. Growing up in the South End of Halifax, he was a pupil at Tower Road School. As a schoolboy young Jack loved drawing pictures, especially those of ships at sea, and his talent was recognized and encouraged by Sir Edmund Wyly Grier. By the end of World War II he was a student at the Nova Scotia College of Art and Design (NSCAD) during the tenure of Donald Cameron MacKay. At the art college, Gray was mentored by several painters, including Elizabeth Styring Nutt and David Whitzman. It was here that the young Gray met fellow artists Earl Bailly and Joseph Purcell. In the summer of 1945 Gray boarded with the Young family of East Ironbound island and made many sketches of island life which subsequently were turned into large paintings. After two years of studies at NSCAD, he left the school and went on sketching trips both alone and also with Purcell, his former classmate. During the summer of 1947 the two artists rented the loft of a fish store at New Harbour, Nova Scotia and made many drawings and paintings. Gray traveled briefly to Montreal in 1948 to take a life drawing course from Arthur Lismer at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts. Gray was observed sketching a boat hull in the class, and the instructor commented that, given that a future course might be offered in boat drawing, Gray likely would then be found drawing a nude. Jack's evident lack of interest in Lismer's classroom sessions soon led to private discussions between the two artists, which proved fruitful. In those years Gray also spent several seasons at sea with the last of Lunenburg, Nova Scotia's dory-fishing schooner fleet, and amassed a portfolio of sketches, notes and photographs.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Career.

paragraph: His first major solo exhibition was at the Hackmatack Inn in Chester, Nova Scotia in 1948, leading to several commissions. With subsequent patronage from the Philadelphia dowager heiress Mary Dayton Cavendish, Maritime brewery owner Sidney C. Oland and others in the Oland family, Gray gradually advanced his career, living aboard boats in the early 1950s. When the steamship "Dufferin Bell" was wrecked on the Nova Scotian coast in 1951, Gray traveled with the salvage crew and filled several sketchbooks, attracting the attention of the press. An early friendship with author Thomas Head Raddall led to Gray's pen-and ink illustrations in Raddall's "A Muster of Arms" (1954); Gray also painted a wartime scene of Duncan's Cove, Nova Scotia for the book's dust jacket. While based in Chester in the summers from 1953 to 1955, he painted in (his landlord) Herman Walker's sail loft in the Back Harbour.

paragraph: In the mid-1950s Gray moved to New York City, and initially painted in studios on boats in Flushing Bay. It was here that he first used the cantankerous flat-bottomed skiff he called the "S.O.B." for waterborne sketching trips. For one of his sketches Gray obtained permission from authorities in Brooklyn Navy Yard to use the deck of the rusting decommissioned aircraft carrier USS "Enterprise" (CV-6). His first New York showing was at the invitation of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey in 1955. He was represented by Rudolf Wunderlich's Kennedy Galleries on 57th Street while living in the city, and briefly occupied one of the Des Artistes flats in the Upper West Side. A body of work from this period later became a well-known series of reproductions, the "New York Harbor Collection". However, the collection was incomplete since many of the significant canvas works from that period were already sold. While in New York, Gray became acquainted with folksinger Ed McCurdy, and the two remained lifelong friends.

paragraph: In 1958 an engagement with Samuel Bronston's Hollywood production company took Gray to Spain, where he worked on posters for the film "John Paul Jones".

paragraph: With encouragement from US district attorney (later Senator) E. Donald Finnegan, Gray moved in 1959 to Winterport, Maine, settling in an 18th-century Cape Cod on the banks of the Penobscot River. There he created a series of paintings, of which later critics, notably art expert Ian Muncaster of Halifax, would characterize as his best work. The Maine studio was short-lived, as Gray sold it in 1961 and moved to the Marlborough Woods area in the south end of Halifax, purchasing a property on the Northwest Arm, with a dock for his boat. Gray negotiated with New York publicity firm Peed & Gammon in 1961, who arranged for Gray's canvas "Dressing Down, the Gully" to find its way into the hands of newly elected US president John F. Kennedy. This resulted in a July 1962 visit to the White House in Washington by Gray, including a conversation with the President. Gammon and Peed had leaked this information in advance to the press, and upon publication of the White House visit news, bids from many patrons and galleries rapidly ensued. Gray remained friends with Roland Gammon for years afterward.

paragraph: Gray moved back aboard a boat in 1965, in West Palm Beach, Florida, and strengthened relationships with galleries on Palm Beach's Worth Avenue that had begun in the spring of 1961 and would remain in place for the rest of his life. Concurrently, Gray maintained a summer hideaway in Stonehurst, Nova Scotia, where he continued to sketch his favorite subject, inshore fishermen in small boats. Gray befriended actor Gary Merrill in Palm Beach. The noted Hollywood photographer Phil Stern visited Gray's Nova Scotia studio in the early 1970s and amassed a huge archive of photographic images of Gray and his surroundings. This photo essay was originally earmarked to be part of a book on the artist's life and work, but the book was abandoned incomplete and never published.

paragraph: In his adult years Gray was known as a witty raconteur and motorboat skipper, and in the latter part of his life often sailed across the Gulf Stream to the Bahamas. He was a frequent visitor to the Blue Bee Bar in New Plymouth, Green Turtle Cay and was a personal friend to (proprietor) Miss Emily Cooper.

paragraph: Gray had many exhibitions in the 1970s throughout the world. Most unusual of these was the Spring 1978 retrospective exhibition in Halifax, held in the old powder magazine on Citadel Hill.

paragraph: Section::::Gray's reproductions.

paragraph: In the early 1960s, with help from the Oland family's business connections in Halifax, Gray's paintings OFF GUNNING POINT and THE FISHERMAN were released as poster-sized reproductions. With inferior inks and average quality paper, most examples of these are now (2015) deteriorated. In the 1970s Gray himself decided to take control of his reproductions, and was led to overseas high-quality printing professionals through his friendship with H. Dieter Holterbosch. An initial reproduction was done, a full-sized copy of EAST IRONBOUND, WINTER, and the success of that led Gray to the more ambitious NEW YORK HARBOR COLLECTION, 380 sets of 12 images, with a bound set of miniatures in the style of an exhibition catalogue to be included with each set. These reproductions continue to pass from patrons to auction houses to galleries.

paragraph: Section::::Unauthorized reproductions.

paragraph: In the late 1970s it became evident to Gray that the Dupont family, having acquired for themselves the original canvas set of the John Paul Jones canvas set from the Bronfman's following the 1958–1959 filming, had undertaken to issue a set of small reproductions, image size uniformly 28.5 x 19 .5 cm, of the paintings, under the corporate name Enterprise Promotions, Inc., "distributors for the Dupont Marine Heritage Collection". This series was done without the artist's knowledge, and made no mention of Gray's name in the promotional materials. Gray voiced his disapproval when this was brought to his attention. The set of prints were advertised for sale in US newspapers in the fall of 1976 for $0.99 per print. Today, these small reproductions are a historical oddity and not found in any of Gray's surviving gallery network.

paragraph: Section::::Subject matter.

paragraph: A frequent foreground subject in many of Gray's paintings was a deep-keeled skiff-like Nova Scotia Bush Island boat, which the artist referred to as a "ram boat". Almost as frequently, one or more fishermen's dory boats appear in his work. Small Tancook Schooners and early Cape Islander designs also feature prominently. While a good many large sailing ships were depicted, many of the depictions of the bigger ships showed the view from the deck of one of these vessels, and these "deck scenes" form a significant sub-classification of his life's work.

paragraph: Section::::Technique.

paragraph: Most of Gray's fame came from his oil-on-canvas pieces. Although he painted on pre-made canvas-on board for some of his early works, he did hand-stretching of double-primed canvas for the majority of his output, particularly after 1959. All his oil works had an inscription on the back about the location of the scene depicted, often in considerable detail. Gray seldom dated his pieces, but used a code after his signature, for example: a dash plus three dots translating as 1958. His watercolor pieces diminished in number as his oil works gained notoriety, and today the surviving watercolors are rare collectibles. Gray painted his canvas pieces with oil colors mixed with turpentine. Despite the increasing availability of acrylic paints in the 1970s, Gray never used them.

paragraph: Throughout much of Gray's life, he patronized family-oriented restaurants that made use of paper place-mats. On these he left drawings using either his sketching pens and pencils, when he had them on hand, or an ordinary ballpoint. The vast majority of these impromptu drawings were discarded by restaurant staff, but a few salient examples survive, notably in the hands of the management of Testa's of Palm Beach, Florida.

paragraph: Less well-known was Gray's passion for boat design. One of his earliest (ca. 1950) floating studios was a Royal Canadian Navy harbor launch, which had been sold to fishermen post-war, and when Gray acquired this boat the "Kathleen R. H." he made extensive modifications to the vessel. His floating studios were never new boats, and all had some of the artist's personally specified refits to some degree. Gray's most notable vessel was the "Sea Gypsy", a 21-metre trawler. In the 1970s, Gray collaborated with a Canadian boat-building yard on the design of a custom yacht for a client.

paragraph: Section::::Technique.:Death and legacy.

paragraph: Gray was troubled with health issues during his last years. He died after a post-operative infection in Good Samaritan Hospital, West Palm Beach, on 4 September 1981. His ashes were scattered at sea, near the Tanner's Pass buoy (Near the entrance to Lunenburg Bay) from the decks of the fishing boat "Doris IV", skippered by John H. Tanner.

paragraph: The value of Gray's works rapidly increased after his death. Art dealers searched for his works by contacting people in Nova Scotia, Maine and Florida. Several forgeries appeared, and more than one work (including a high-profile canvas that was on prominent public display in Halifax) was reported stolen. The artist's early sketchbooks, originally kept in chronological order, were separated by a Halifax dealer in the 1960s, and sold as individually framed drawings.

paragraph: With encouragement from both public museums and privately operated art galleries, a considerable revival of interest in Gray's life and work was seen to be underway after 2001. An increasing number of retrospective exhibitions were mounted, and his canvas works commanded ever-higher prices. In 2006, a piece titled "Man at Sea" was sold by Christies in New York for $91,200.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: An existing reliable biography from a commercial source, has annotations detailing many of Gray's significant exhibitions in later years:

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://archive.is/20141019133234/http://www.marineartsgallery.com/jack-gray/jack-gray-bio.html

alias:
Jack Gray
Jack Lorimer Gray

description: Canadian artist

wikidata_label: Jack L. Gray

wikipedia_title: Jack L. Gray


text: British

text: Port Adelaide

text: Wakefield Street, Adelaide

text: Chelsea

text: John L. Young

text: Adelaide Educational Institution

text: Adelaide

text: School of Design

text: School of Art

text: Edward Poynter

text: Royal Academy

text: Brittany

text: James McNeill Whistler

text: Cheyne Walk

text: Chelsea Embankment

text: etching revival

text: drypoint

text: Sloane Square

text: A. H. Mackmurdo

text: Boer War

text: Black and White

text: A & C Black

text: Delhi Durbar

text: King Edward VII

text: Pangbourne

text: Purley-on-Thames

text: Royal Society of British Artists

text: Royal Institute of Oil Painters

text: Art Gallery of South Australia

text: Victoria

text: Blinman

text: oil

text: watercolour

text: National Library of Australia

text: Japan: a record in colour

text: The Durbar

text: Venice

text: Madame Prune

text: Brittany

text: India

text: The Thames

text: China

text: Paris

text: India

text: The people of India

text: Home life in India

text: France

text: Whistler as I knew him

text: Rembrandt

text: Henry Irving

text: Lord Kitchener

text: Lord Roberts

text: Artcyclopedia

text: Radio National

categories: English watercolourists,English male painters,19th-century English painters,English etchers,1855 births,English illustrators,British war artists,People educated at Adelaide Educational Institution,20th-century English painters,19th-century war artists,1938 deaths

paragraph: Mortimer Menpes

paragraph: Mortimer Luddington Menpes (22 February 1855 – 1 April 1938), was an Australian-born British painter, author, printmaker and illustrator.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Menpes was born in Port Adelaide, South Australia, the second son of property developer James Menpes (1 August 1818 – 7 December 1906), who with his wife Ann, née Smith, arrived in South Australia from London on the "Moffatt" in December 1839. Despite losing much property in a great fire of 1857, James Menpes prospered, building commodious shops on St. Vincent Street, Port Adelaide and housing, "Cypress Terrace", on Wakefield Street, Adelaide. James retired from business in 1866 and returned to England with his wife, sons Mortimer and James Henry and two daughters, settling in Chelsea.

paragraph: Mortimer was educated at John L. Young's Adelaide Educational Institution, attended classes at Adelaide's School of Design, and did some excellent work as a photo-colourist, but his formal art training began at the School of Art in London in 1878, after his family had moved back to England in 1875. Edward Poynter was a fellow student at the school. Menpes first exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1880, and, over the following 20 years, 35 of his paintings and etchings were shown at the Academy. His father, late in life, also developed a passion for painting and did some excellent work.

paragraph: Menpes set off on a sketching tour of Brittany in 1880, during which he met James McNeill Whistler. He became Whistler's pupil, and at one stage shared a flat with him at Cheyne Walk on the Chelsea Embankment in London. He was taught etching by Whistler, whose influence, together with that of Japanese design, is evident in his later work. Menpes became a major figure in the etching revival, producing more than seven hundred different etchings and drypoints, which he usually printed himself. As early as 1880, a selection of ten of his drypoint portraits, donated to the British Museum by Charles A. Howell, brought him critical acclaim.

paragraph: A visit to Japan in 1887 led to his first one-man exhibition at Dowdeswell's Gallery in London. Menpes moved into a property at 25 Cadogan Gardens, Sloane Square, designed for him by A. H. Mackmurdo in 1888 and decorated it in the Japanese style. Whistler and Menpes quarrelled in 1888 over the interior design of the house, which Whistler felt was a brazen copying of his own ideas. The house was sold in 1900, and Menpes moved to Kent.

paragraph: In 1900, after the outbreak of the Boer War, Menpes was sent to South Africa as a war artist for the weekly illustrated magazine "Black and White". After the end of the war in 1902 he travelled widely, visiting Burma, Egypt, France, India, Italy, Japan, Kashmir, Mexico, Morocco, and Spain. Many of his illustrations were published in travel books by A & C Black. His book on the Delhi Durbar was an illustrated record of the commemoration in Delhi of the coronation of King Edward VII.

paragraph: For the last 30 years of his life, Menpes retired to Iris Court, Pangbourne from where he managed his Purley-on-Thames business, "Menpes Fruit Farms". He built forty large greenhouses in which to grow carnations and eight cottages to accommodate the farm workers. He died in Pangbourne in 1938.

paragraph: Menpes became a member of the Royal Society of Painter-Etchers and Engravers (RE) in 1881, Royal Society of British Artists (RBA) in 1885, Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours (RI) in 1897 and Royal Institute of Oil Painters (ROI) in 1899.

paragraph: An exhibition of his work, "The World of Mortimer Menpes: Painter, Etcher, Raconteur" opened at the Art Gallery of South Australia on 14 June 2014.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Menpes, his parents and three of his siblings left for England in February 1875, never to return to Australia. However five of Menpes' sisters remained in South Australia. Four daughters married in Adelaide: Mary Ann (1839–1929), born aboard the "Moffatt" and married John Foach Hillier in 1865; Fanny married Robert Uphill in 1865; and Matilda (born 1850) in 1873 married the Rev. J(ohn) Hall Angas, a Presbyterian minister of Port Adelaide, later in Victoria. His fifth daughter Jessie (born 1853) married Robert Whitbread, of Blinman, in 1876. James Henry (born 1844), Emma (born 1857) and Louisa (born 1859) left with Mortimer and their parents for England in 1875.

paragraph: On 26 April 1875 at All Soul's Church, Langham Place, London, Menpes married fellow Australian Rosa Mary Grosse (1857 – 23 August 1936). Miss Grosse was a fellow-passenger on the RMSS "Nubia" that took the Menpes family to London in 1875. She was an orphan: her mother Rosetta Matilda Grosse died in 1866 and her father James Grosse, a fellow member with James Menpes of the Port Adelaide Corporation and whose Will was executed by Menpes, in 1874.

paragraph: They had a son, Mortimer James (b. 1879) and two daughters, Rose Maud Goodwin and Dorothy Whistler.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: Menpes painted in oil and watercolour as well as being a prolific printmaker, producing over 700 etchings and drypoints during his career to great acclaim. A definitive catalog raisonne of his printed works was published in 2012 which also included an extensive biography and his exhibition history.

paragraph: He developed a special form of colour etching and exhibited coloured etchings at Dowdeswell's Gallery in London in late 1911/early 1912. He was also a pioneer, with Carl Hentschel (1864–1926), in the development of techniques to reproduce coloured art works in book form. His book, 'War Impressions', published in April 1901 by A. & C. Black, was the first book to faithfully reproduce art works in color, based on watercolors done by Menpes in South Africa, and therefore was the forerunner of all illustrated art books. Menpes also founded the "Menpes Press" of London and Watford to produce colored illustrated books using the Hentschel Colourtype Process, which was a photographic process that involved taking three photographs of an art work using three different color filters (red, blue and yellow) and then combining them in the printing process. Menpes was a great traveler and undertook artistic journeys to Japan, China, Burma, Cashmere, Mexico, India, Turkey, Palestine and Egypt as well as within Europe to Brittany, Spain, Italy, Switzerland and other places, often returning from such travels to mount exhibitions of his works. At the beginning of the twentieth century, Menpes also produced the "Menpes Series of Great Masters", which were copies by him of works by Old Masters such as Rembrandt, Van Dyck and others which were reproduced in printed form for sale. In 1911, Menpes donated 38 of his copies in oil to the Australian Government; these works have subsequently become part of the Pictures Collection at the National Library of Australia.

paragraph: Some pencil sketches by Menpes were published in the "Adelaide Observer" in 1903. They are portraits of Sir Charles Todd, Sir James Fergusson and the Rev. Canon Green; Dean Marryat, Sir Anthony Musgrave and Dr. Schomburgk; Charles Mann, Sir Arthur Blyth and William Townsend Sir William Milne, Thomas Playford and George Stevenson, Jun.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Illustrated by Menpes:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Menpes, Dorothy. "Japan: a record in colour" (A & C Black, 1901).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Menpes, Dorothy. "The Durbar" (London: A & C Black, 1903)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Menpes, Dorothy. "World's Children" (London: A & C Black, 1903).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Menpes, Dorothy. "Venice" (A & C Black, 1904).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Loti, Pierre. "Madame Prune" (A & C Black, 1905).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Menpes, Dorothy. "Brittany" (A & C Black, 1905).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Steel, Flora Annie. "India" (A & C Black, 1905).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mitton, G. E. "The Thames" (A & C Black, 1906).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Blake, Sir H. A. "China" (A & C Black, 1909)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Menpes, Dorothy. "Paris" (A & C Black, 1909).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Finnemore, John. "India" (A & C Black, 1910).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mitton, G. E. "The people of India" (A & C Black, 1910).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Blathwayt, R. "Through life and round the world, being the story of my life" (E.P. Dutton, 1917).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Finnemore, John. "Home life in India" (A & C Black, 1917)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Home, Gordon. "France" (A & C Black, 1918).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Written and illustrated by Menpes

paragraph: BULLET::::- "War impressions, being a record in colour;" (A & C Black, 1901).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Whistler as I knew him" (A & C Black, 1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rembrandt" (A & C Black, 1905)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Henry Irving" (A & C Black, 1906).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gainsborough" (A & C Black, 1909).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lord Kitchener" (A & C Black, 1915).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lord Roberts" (A & C Black, 1915).

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Artcyclopedia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Menpes Donations National Library of Australia

paragraph: BULLET::::- ‘Menpes, Mortimer Luddington (1855–1938)’, (by Michael Parkin. "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography", Oxford University Press, 2004 – accessed 2 January 2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The World of Mortimer Menpes at the Art Gallery of South Australia Radio National – Books and Arts Daily (4 September 2014)

description: Australian-born artist, author, printmaker and illustrator

wikidata_label: Mortimer Menpes

wikipedia_title: Mortimer Menpes