text: Governor of Mississippi

text: Democrat

text: Carroll County, Mississippi

text: Vaiden

text: Confederate Army

text: Civil War

text: Mississippi Delta

text: Elbert County

text: Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek

text: Holcomb

text: University of Mississippi

text: Casey Jones

text: Mississippi State Senate

text: pellagra

text: Joseph Goldberger

text: Brown v. Mississippi

text: U.S. Senate

text: Clarksdale

text: Profile

text: National Governors Association

categories: American Presbyterians,1942 deaths,People from Clarksdale, Mississippi,University of Mississippi alumni,1869 births,Governors of Mississippi,Mississippi Democrats,Mississippi state senators,Democratic Party state governors of the United States

paragraph: Earl L. Brewer

paragraph: Earl Leroy Brewer (August 11, 1869 – March 10, 1942) was the Governor of Mississippi from 1912 to 1916. Elected as a Democrat, he was unopposed in the primary and won the governorship without ever making a single public campaign speech.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Brewer was born in Carroll County, Mississippi, near the town of Vaiden. His father, Ratliff Rodney Brewer, had been a farmer, plantation manager and overseer, and a captain in the Confederate Army during the Civil War. His middle name came from his grandfather, Leroy Brewer (1793–1851), a Mississippi Delta pioneer who migrated from Elbert County, Georgia during the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek. His uncle Leroy Jasper Brewer (1833–1911), who was mayor of Holcomb at the time of Earl's gubernatorial election, died just weeks before his nephew's inauguration.

paragraph: Brewer attended the University of Mississippi and after less than one year of study, obtained a Bachelor of Law degree in 1892. He immediately began practicing law (among his notable clients was Janie Jones, the widow of famed railroader Casey Jones, for whom he obtained a $2,650 settlement after Jones' death) and then was elected to the Mississippi State Senate in 1895. In 1902 he was appointed district attorney for the 11th District.

paragraph: In 1907 he resigned his position as district attorney in order to run for governor. Brewer was narrowly defeated in his first attempt but won handily in the next campaign. As governor, Brewer promoted progressive reforms in several areas. The constitution was changed to create an elective judiciary; banking laws were established to limit interest rates; and a Bureau of Vital Statistics was created.

paragraph: During his term there was a severe epidemic of pellagra in the state and other portions of the South. When the federal government sent Joseph Goldberger to study the disease and find a cure, Brewer offered full pardons to convicts who would participate in Goldberger's experiments. As a result of these studies, it was determined that pellagra was caused by a vitamin deficiency.

paragraph: After his term was over, Brewer assisted in the defense of three Black defendants accused of murder who had been convicted on the basis of coerced confessions. Brewer argued and won their appeal to the United States Supreme Court in Brown v. Mississippi.

paragraph: Brewer later ran unsuccessfully for U.S. Senate in 1924.

paragraph: Brewer died in Jackson and is buried at Oakridge Cemetery in Clarksdale.

paragraph: Section::::Notable Relatives.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Leroy Brewer I (1793-1851) - Grandfather and namesake of Gov. Brewer. He was an early Mississippi Delta pioneer; traveling from Elbert County, GA with his brother William Fletcher Brewer.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Captain Ratliff Rodney Brewer (1831-1881) - Father - Confederate Officer during the Civil War.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mayor Leroy Jasper Brewer II (1833-1911) - Uncle - Mayor of Holcomb, MS, Civil War officer, civil engineer, and County Surveyor of Carroll County, MS.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mayor John Ratliff Brewer (1853-1913) - 1st Cousin - Mayor of Holcomb, MS.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dr. Walter Chew Brewer (1874-1932) - 2nd Cousin - Mississippi's foremost surgeon at the time of his death. Killed in a pistol battle near the hospital that he owned.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rev. Leroy Jasper Brewer Sr. (1936-1987) - 1st Cousin 1R - Former President of the Baptist Convention of New England (called Southern Baptist General Association of New England at the time).

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sansing, David G. Earl Leroy Brewer Thirty-eighth Governor of Mississippi: 1912–1916 "Mississippi History Now." Mississippi Historical Society.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile at National Governors Association website

description: Governor of Mississippi

wikidata_label: Earl L. Brewer

wikipedia_title: Earl L. Brewer


text:
Charming Hostess
Downtown music
Sarajevo Blues
Walter Benjamin
John Zorn
Tzadik
MIT
Rockefeller Foundation
aerial dance
Gondar
Djerassi
Resident Artists Program
Barrington Hall
West Oakland
Idiot Flesh
Sleepytime Gorilla Museum
Carla Kihlstedt
Tzadik Records
Sarajevo Blues
Trilectic
Official Charming Hostess web site
Jewlia Eisenberg interview

categories: American female composers,Jewish musicians,Living people,21st-century American composers,Musicians from New York City,Year of birth missing (living people)

paragraph: Jewlia Eisenberg

paragraph: Jewlia Eisenberg is an American composer. As founder and bandleader of Charming Hostess she coined the term "Nerdy-Sexy-Commie-Girly" to describe her genre of music which spans an eclectic range of styles.

paragraph: Originally from New York City, Eisenberg became an integral member of the San Francisco Bay Area and the New York Downtown music scenes in the 1990s.

paragraph: Her music is both physical, using voices, vocal percussion, handclaps, heartbeats, sex-breath and silence and also intellectual, exploring such topics as Bosnian genocide in "Sarajevo Blues" (2004) and the political/erotic nexus of Walter Benjamin and his Marxist muse in "Trilectic" (2002). Both of these works were released on John Zorn's Radical Jewish Series on Tzadik.

paragraph: She has been commissioned from such sources as by the Sloan Foundation and the Goethe Institut SF and has received numerous awards, including: Trust for Mutual Understanding grant for collaboration with poets in ex-Yugoslavia, the Puffin Foundation grant for her Red Rosa project, a Katzenstein Fellow for collaboration with experimental architects and engineers as an Artist-In-Residence at MIT, a Rockefeller Foundation Multi-Arts Production Fund Grant for "'The Grim Arithmetic of Water", with aerial dance choreographer Jo Kreiter, a Goldman Fund Tikea Fellow for project-based radical film and music work with youth, and a Weisz Fellow for field research and recording among Jewish women in the Gondar region of Ethiopia. Eisenberg enjoyed a retreat as part of the Djerassi Resident Artists Program in October–November 2006.

paragraph: Section::::Early work.

paragraph: Eisenberg's music got a kick-start at University of California in Barrington Hall. It was there that she founded the first incarnation of Charming Hostess. At that time the West Oakland scene was also home to bands such as Fibulator and Eskimo. Half of the members of Charming Hostess were also in Idiot Flesh and Sleepytime Gorilla Museum. Eisenberg has described the genre of early Charming Hostess as "klezmer-punk/balkan-funk". Members included Jewlia Eisenberg (voice, direction), Carla Kihlstedt (voice, fiddle), Nina Rolle (voice, accordion), Wes Anderson (drums), Nils Frykdahl (guitar, flute, saxophone, percussion), and Dan Rathbun (bass).

paragraph: Section::::Quotes.

paragraph: --"from Boston Phoenix, Jon Garelick, (April 1–7, 2005)"

paragraph: Section::::Discography as leader.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Bowls Project", as Charming Hostess. (Tzadik Records, Radical Jewish Culture, 2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Punch", as Charming Hostess. (Recommended Records, 2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sarajevo Blues", as Charming Hostess. (Tzadik Records, Radical Jewish Culture, 2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Thick", with Red Pocket. (Tzadik Records, Oracle Women’s Series, 2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Trilectic", (Tzadik Records, Radical Jewish Culture, 2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Eat", as Charming Hostess. (Vaccination Records, 1998)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Charming Hostess web site

paragraph: Section::::External links.:Listening.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jewlia Eisenberg interview. BBC's The World - by Benjamin Temchine, Sept 2005.

description: American composer

wikidata_label: Jewlia Eisenberg

wikipedia_title: Jewlia Eisenberg


text: American

text: politician

text: lawyer

text: Confederate States Army

text: American Civil War

text: Washington

text: Georgia

text: Randolph-Macon College

text: Franklin College of Arts and Sciences

text: University of Georgia

text: Athens

text: state bar

text: Georgia House of Representatives

text: U.S. House of Representatives

text: Confederate Congress

text: brigadier general

text: governor

text: Alexander Stephens

text: Atlanta, Georgia

text: Oakland Cemetery

text: David J. Eicher

text: Warner, Ezra J.

categories: 1821 births,Confederate States Army brigadier generals,Georgia (U.S. state) Democrats,1891 deaths,Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives,Members of the Confederate House of Representatives from Georgia (U.S. state),American slave owners,Members of the Georgia House of Representatives,Georgia (U.S. state) lawyers,19th-century American politicians,People from Washington, Georgia,People of Georgia (U.S. state) in the American Civil War,Members of the United States House of Representatives from Georgia (U.S. state),University of Georgia people

paragraph: Lucius Jeremiah Gartrell

paragraph: Lucius Jeremiah Gartrell (January 7, 1821 – April 7, 1891) was an American politician and lawyer, as well as general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Gartrell was born near Washington, Georgia to Joseph Gartrell, Jr. and Eliza Boswell Gartrell. He attended Randolph-Macon College, and Franklin College (now known as the Franklin College of Arts and Sciences), the founding school of the University of Georgia in Athens. Gartrell passed the state bar in 1842 and began the practice of law in Washington.

paragraph: Section::::Public office.

paragraph: Gartrell served as the solicitor general of the northern judicial circuit from 1843 until 1847 when he was elected to the Georgia House of Representatives. He was subsequently elected to the first of two consecutive terms in U.S. House of Representatives in 1856.

paragraph: Section::::Confederate service.

paragraph: He resigned from his second term in 1861 to form the Seventh Regiment of the Georgia Volunteer Infantry in the Confederate army during the Civil War. In 1862, Gartrell was elected to the Confederate Congress and served in that capacity until 1864. In 1864, he was appointed as a brigadier general in the Confederate forces.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Gartrell married twice. First to Olivia Gideon (1823-1854). The couple had one son Joseph Erasmus Gartrell (1852-1886). After the death of his first wife, Gartrell married Antoinette Phoebe Burke (1834-1882). They had three children, Vannie Gartrell Phinizy (1858-1887), Lucius J. Gartrell (1864-1865), and Lucius Jeremiah Gartrell (1879-1944).

paragraph: Section::::Later years.

paragraph: After the war, Gartrell served as a member of the State constitutional convention in 1877. He also ran for governor in 1882 but lost to Alexander Stephens. Gartrell died in Atlanta, Georgia, in 1891 and was buried in that city's Oakland Cemetery.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of American Civil War generals (Confederate)

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher, "Civil War High Commands." Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2001. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sifakis, Stewart. "Who Was Who in the Civil War." New York: Facts On File, 1988. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Warner, Ezra J. "Generals in Gray: Lives of the Confederate Commanders." Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1959. .

description: Confederate Army general

wikidata_label: Lucius Jeremiah Gartrell

wikipedia_title: Lucius Jeremiah Gartrell


text:
Turkish
Muhammad Amin Khan Turani
Emperor Aurangzeb
Furrukhsiyar
Muhammad Shah
Hussain Ali Khan
Bakshi
Nizam al Mulk Qamar-ud-din Asaf Jah I
Asaf Jah
Safdar Jang
Umdat al Mulk
Emperor Muhammad Shah
Ali Mohammad Khan Rohilla
Ahmed Shah Abdali
Qamarudin Asaf Jah I

wikipedia_title:
Turkic peoples
Muhammad Amin Khan Turani
Aurangzeb
Farrukhsiyar
Muhammad Shah
Nawab Sayyid Hussain Ali Khan Barha
Bakshi
Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I
Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I
Safdar Jang
Umdat-Ul-Mulk, Amir Khan
Muhammad Shah
Ali Mohammed Khan
Ahmad Shah Durrani
Nizam-ul-Mulk, Asaf Jah I

categories: Grand Viziers,Mughal nobility,1748 deaths

paragraph: Itimad-ad-Daula, Qamar-ud-Din Khan

paragraph: Mir Muhammad Fazil was a Mughal nobleman of Turkish descent. He was the son of Itimad ad Daula, Muhammad Amin Khan Turani.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: At the close of the reign of the Emperor Aurangzeb he was able to obtain satisfactory rank and was titled as Qamarudin Khan. In the reign of the Emperor Furrukhsiyar he was appointed as "Bakshi of Ahadis" and later led an expedition against the sikhs along with Abdus Samad Khan Diler Jang. In the beginning of the reign of the Emperor Muhammad Shah, (sometime after the killing of Hussain Ali Khan under his father's direction), he repealed an assault on Imperial troops and showed immense valour. For which he was bestowed a mansab of 6000, the office of second Bakshi (His father's former appointment which became vacant upon his resignation) and the position of ""Darogah e Ghusl Khana"".

paragraph: At the death of his father, Muhammad Amin Khan, who was then serving as Grand Vizier was replaced by Nizam al Mulk Qamar-ud-din Asaf Jah I who was summoned to court, Qamar Ud Din Khan was further elevated in rank and granted his father's title of Itimad ud Daula. Later Asaf Jah found the court atmosphere to be too hedonistic and debauched for his personal liking and subsequently resigned from the office of Grand Vizier. Upon which the office of grand vizier came to Qamar Ud Din Khan.

paragraph: His reign as Grand Vizier was largely un-eventful, and he enjoyed his office with happiness except for some excursions against the Marathas in the Malwa subah. Along with another occasion in which he marched with Safdar Jang, Umdat al Mulk and the Emperor Muhammad Shah against Ali Mohammad Khan Rohilla. However, upon finding Ali Mohammad Khan to be a suitable check against Safdar Jang whom he despised. Qamar-ud-din Khan helped Ali find employment in Imperial Services and helped his rehabilitation and eventual appointment as governor of Sirhind. A son of his was further engaged to a daughter of Nawab Ali Mohammad Khan.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: He led an army against Ahmed Shah Abdali and while encamped and praying, he was struck by a canon ball causing his death.

paragraph: Section::::Personality.

paragraph: He was generally regarded as a "lover of comfort" with a "pleasant disposition" and generally liked by both the higher and lower rungs of society. He did not agree in harming anyone and to that extent he compensated owners whose properties had been confiscated by his oppressive father. Those who did not agree with the suitable compensation had their property returned. He was polite and courteous to the extent that whenever Qamarudin Asaf Jah I visited Delhi, he would get up to greet him in respect of the letters age and despite his own office as Grand Vizier.

wikidata_label: Itimad-ad-Daula, Qamar-ud-Din Khan

wikipedia_title: Itimad-ad-Daula, Qamar-ud-Din Khan


text:
badminton
The Hague
1992 Summer Olympics
Barcelona

wikipedia_title:
Badminton
The Hague
1992 Summer Olympics
Barcelona

categories: 1964 births,Dutch female badminton players,Olympic badminton players of the Netherlands,Sportspeople from The Hague,Badminton players at the 1992 Summer Olympics,Living people

paragraph: Astrid van der Knaap

paragraph: Astrid van der Knaap (born 8 October 1964) is a Dutch badminton player, born in The Hague. She competed in women's singles at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.

description: badminton player

wikidata_label: Astrid van der Knaap

wikipedia_title: Astrid van der Knaap


text: painter

text: draftsman

text: romanticism

text: realism

text: Antonio Smith

text: Chilean International Exhibition

text: La muerte de Pedro de Valdivia

text: Pascual Ortega Portales

text: Alberto Orrego Luco

text: Álvaro Casanova Zenteno

text: Eugenio Cruz Vargas

wikipedia_title:
Painting
Drafter
Romanticism
Realism (arts)
Antonio Smith (artist)
Chilean International Exhibition
Battle of Iquique
Pedro de Valdivia
Pascual Ortega Portales
Alberto Orrego Luco
Álvaro Casanova Zenteno
Eugenio Cruz Vargas

categories: 19th-century Chilean painters,20th-century Chilean painters,1850 births,People from Santiago,19th-century war artists,1928 deaths,Chilean war artists,20th-century war artists

paragraph: Nicolás Guzmán Bustamante

paragraph: Nicolás Guzmán Bustamante (1850–February 12, 1928) was a Chilean painter and draftsman. His art is categorized as romanticism and realism.

paragraph: Section::::Biografy.

paragraph: Guzmán Bustamante was an outstanding student of Antonio Smith and Alejandro Ciccarelli. From a young age, he dedicated himself to painting and at 25 years old he was participated in the Chilean International Exhibition of 1875. He was also noted for having done deep studies on artistic anatomy, always excelling in realistic artistic compositions.

paragraph: The oil on canvas called "Hundimiento de la Esmeralda con sus tripulantes en el Combate Naval de Iquique" (The Sinking of Emeralda with its crew in the Naval Combat of Iquique) won first medal and the second prize for oil on canvas called "La muerte de Pedro de Valdivia" (The death of Pedro de Valdivia).

paragraph: "Hundimiento de la Esmeralda con sus tripulantes en el Combate Naval de Iquique" was destroyed by the earthquake of 1906 Valparaíso, that caused a fire at the Victoria Theater where this artistic work was exhibited.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Works in public collections.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Collectibles National Museum of Fine ArtsNaval Combat of Iquique, 1882, oil on wood, 31 x 50 cm. On loan to the National Historical Museum since 1975

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pinacoteca of the Military School of SantiagoBattle of Bleed, oil on canvas

paragraph: BULLET::::- National Historical Museum of Santiago de ChileFirst Government Board, 1889, oil on canvas

paragraph: Section::::Awards and Distinctions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1872 Honorable Mention. National Exhibition of Arts and Industries, Mercado Central Santiago, Chile.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1884 Second Prize, Annual Hall, Santiago, Chile.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1981 Chilean Painting Rescue, Cultural Institute of Providencia, Santiago.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pascual Ortega Portales

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alberto Orrego Luco

paragraph: BULLET::::- Álvaro Casanova Zenteno

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eugenio Cruz Vargas

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ÁLVAREZ URQUIETA, LUIS. Painting in Chile Luis Álvarez Urquieta Collection. Santiago, 1928.

paragraph: BULLET::::- BENEZIT, E. Dictionaire Critique et Documentaire des Peintres, Sculpteurs, Dessinateurs et Graveurs 9th Paris: Librairie Gründ, 1976.

paragraph: BULLET::::- MNBA LIBRARY AND INFORMATION CENTER. Documentary Archive of the Artist Eugenio Guzmán Ovalle.

paragraph: BULLET::::- BINDIS, RICARDO. Chilean Painting: From Gil de Castro to the present day. Santiago: Editorial Philips Chilena, 1980.

paragraph: BULLET::::- BINDIS, RICARDO. Chilean painting, Two Hundred Years. Santiago: Origo Ediciones, 2006.

paragraph: BULLET::::- CLEAR TOCORNAL, REGINA. The Representation of Poverty in Chilean Art, a First Approach. Santiago: Annals of the Chile Institute. Vol. XXVI, 2007.

paragraph: BULLET::::- MANAGEMENT, VICENTE. Encyclopedia of Art in America: Biographies. Buenos Aires: OMEBA Editions, 1968.

paragraph: BULLET::::- CULTURAL INSTITUTE OF PROVIDENCE. Chilean painting rescue. Text by José María Palacios. Santiago, 1981.

paragraph: BULLET::::- PEREIRA SALAS, EUGENIO. Studies on the History of Art in Republican Chile. Santiago: Editions of the University of Chile, 1992.

alias:
Guzmán Bustamante
Nicolás Guzmán Bustamante

description: Chilean painter and draftsman

wikidata_label: Nicolás Guzmán Bustamante

wikipedia_title: Nicolás Guzmán Bustamante


text:
German
gothic
sculptor
Alsace
"Hagenauer, Nikolaus."
Entry for Nikolaus Hagenauer
Union List of Artist Names

categories: Medieval German sculptors,15th-century births,16th-century deaths,German male sculptors,People from Hagueneau

paragraph: Nikolaus Hagenauer

paragraph: Nikolaus Hagenauer (c. 1445/1460 — before 1538) was a German late gothic sculptor from Alsace.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Peter Barnet and Nancy Wu: "The Cloisters Medieval Art and Architecture" 2005, New York, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Yale University Press, New Haven and London

paragraph: BULLET::::- Max Seidel: "Der Isenheimer Altar von Mathis Grünewald", 1990, Stuttgart und Zürich, Belser Verlag

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vincent Mayr. "Hagenauer, Nikolaus." In Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online, (accessed January 30, 2012; subscription required)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Entry for Nikolaus Hagenauer on the Union List of Artist Names

alias:
Nikolaus von Hagnow
Nikolaus von Haguenau
Niclas von Hagnow
Niclaus von Hagenau
Nicolas Meisterlin
Niclas Hagenauer
Nikolaus Hagnower
Nikolaus Haguenauer
Nikolaus Hagenover
Niclas Hagnower
Nicolas de Haguenau
Nikolaus von Hagenau

description: German late gothic sculptor from Alsace

wikidata_label: Nikolaus Hagenauer

wikipedia_title: Nikolaus Hagenauer


text: Fanano

text: Benedello

text: Italian

text: historian

text: bibliographer

text: librarian

text: Giosuè Carducci

text: University of Bologna

text: Biblioteca Comunale dell’Archiginnasio

text: Frignano

text: Corpus Chronicorum Bononiensium

text: Enciclopedia Treccani

text: Giosuè Carducci

text: Zanichelli

text: Casa Carducci

categories: Italian bibliographers,Italian historians,20th-century Italian people,1875 births,1944 deaths,Italian librarians,People from Bologna

paragraph: Albano Sorbelli

paragraph: Albano Sorbelli (Fanano, 2 May 1875- Benedello, 22 March 1944) was an Italian historian, bibliographer and librarian. He was the director of the Biblioteca Comunale of the Archiginnasio of Bologna from 1904 until 1943.

paragraph: Section::::Biografia.

paragraph: A student of Giosuè Carducci and of Pio Carlo Falletti at the University of Bologna, he graduated in Letters and Philosophy in 1898 and later focused on Historical Sciences. In the same University he taught courses on librarianship and bibliography (1925-1944).

paragraph: Sorbelli was a fundamental figure of the Italian library science. We owe the first prototype of Bologna’s library system to him: in 1909 he founded the Biblioteca Popolare (Popular Library); in 1921, with the opening to the public, the work of reorganisation of the library and archives of the Carducci house were completed.

paragraph: In 1906 he founded the magazine “The Archiginnasio”; and the series “Library of the Archiginnasio”. He was also promoter of an active cultural activity of the institution that he directed, organising important exhibitions and conferences.

paragraph: The personal bibliographic assets of Albano Sorbelli were donated, at his death, to the Biblioteca Comunale dell’Archiginnasio. The collection consists of around 13,000 volumes and pamphlets, mainly of literary historical topics, with particular attention to the bibliographic studies and history of the Frignano area, of the University and the city of Bologna.

paragraph: Section::::Works(non exhaustive).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Corpus Chronicorum Bononiensium", in "Rerum Italicarum Scriptores" (1906ff.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Opuscoli, stampe alla macchia e fogli volanti… (1830-1855). Saggio di bibliografia storica", Firenze, 1927

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Storia della stampa in Bologna, Bologna, 1929

paragraph: BULLET::::- Le voci "Bibliografia" e "Bibliologia" nell' "Enciclopedia Treccani", 1930

paragraph: BULLET::::- The second volume of the "Storia di Bologna", Bologna, Comune, 1938

paragraph: BULLET::::- From 1935 until his death he curated the national edition of the works of Giosuè Carducci, edited Zanichelli.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Il Fondo Albano Sorbelli (Biblioteca dell'Archiginnasio)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Casa Carducci

description: Italian historian

wikidata_label: Albano Sorbelli

wikipedia_title: Albano Sorbelli


text:
Yamagata
Imperial Japanese Navy
Kamikaze
World War II
University of Tokyo
Brera Academy
Marino Marini (sculptor)
MoMa
Milan
Marino Marini
Nuova Accademia di Belle Arti
Cimitero Monumentale di Milano
Emperor of Japan
"Medal of Honor
Artforum: Kengiro Azuma (1926-2016)

categories: People from Yamagata Prefecture,20th-century Japanese painters,20th-century Italian sculptors,University of Tokyo alumni,Brera Academy alumni,20th-century Japanese sculptors,20th-century Italian painters,Japanese emigrants to Italy,Imperial Japanese Navy personnel,1926 births

paragraph: Kengiro Azuma

paragraph: Kengiro Azuma was a Japanese Italian sculptor, painter, and teacher.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Azuma was born March 12, 1926 in Yamagata, Japan to a family of bronze artisans. When he was 17, Azuma joined the Imperial Japanese Navy as a Kamikaze pilot, but the war ended before the time came for him to sacrifice himself. World War II and the discovery of the emperor's humanity had a great impact on the Japanese people. For Azuma personally, it created a spiritual void that pushed him towards art.

paragraph: From 1949 to 1953, Azuma studied sculpture at the University of Tokyo. In 1956 he moved to Italy after receiving a scholarship from the Italian government. Azuma studied at the Brera Academy in Milan where he was a student and eventually the art assistant of Marino Marini (sculptor). In 1966, his work was exhibited as part of “The New Japanese Painting and Sculpture” at the MoMa in New York.

paragraph: Azuma lived and worked in Milan for most of his career. He continued as Marino Marini's art assistant until Marini's death in 1980. From 1980 to 1990 he was a professor at the Nuova Accademia di Belle Arti. In 2015, he installed a permanent sculpture, , in the public square in front of the Cimitero Monumentale di Milano.

paragraph: Kengiro Azuma died at his home in Milan on October 15, 2016. In 2017, in honor of Azuma, the Marino Marini Foundation hosted an exhibition of Azuma's work at the .

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995: Awarded the Shiju-hosho Prize by the Emperor of Japan. The Shiju-hosho, also called the"Medal of Honor with the Purple Ribbon", is awarded for achievements in academics or the arts.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996: Awarded the Ambrogino d'Argento by the City of Milan

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: Artforum: Kengiro Azuma (1926-2016)

alias:
Kengirō Azuma
Kengiro Azuma
Kenjiro Azuma
Kenjirou Azuma

description: Japanese–Italian sculptor

wikidata_label: Kenjirō Azuma

wikipedia_title: Kengiro Azuma


text: Alsace-Lorraine

text: United States

text: Pipestone County

text: Minnesota

text: Vancouver, Washington.

text: House of Providence

text: Portland, Oregon

text: Pearson Field

text: Oaks Amusement Park

text: Willamette Valley

text: San Francisco

text: Redwood City

text: volplaning

text: Lincoln Beachey

text: Providence St. Vincent Medical Center

text: Seattle

text: Eddy Jerman

text: Legacy Good Samaritan Medical Center

text: Chicago

text: Portland

text: Germany

text: Hamburg

text: Berlin

text: Portland Police Bureau

text: Clackamas

text: Vancouver Barracks

text: United States Department of War

text: Vancouver, Washington

text: Dorothy Hester

text: Portland

text: SS Baychimo

text: Atlin, British Columbia

text: Nome

text: Swan Island Airport

text: Vancouver, Washington

text: Amelia Earhart

text: Dorothy Hester Stenzel

text: Hazel Ying Lee

text: Leah Hing

text: Eddy Jerman

text: Lincoln Beachey

text: Evelyn Waldren

categories: 1886 births,Radiographers,People from Vancouver, Washington,Aviators from Portland, Oregon,Aviators from Oregon,American female aviators,Female aviators,1945 deaths

paragraph: Edna Christofferson

paragraph: Edna Emma Bissner Christofferson was an American aviator, markswoman, and X-ray technician. She was the wife of pioneering aviator Silas Christofferson.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Edna Christofferson was the daughter of Martin and Mary Elizabeth Bissner, immigrants from Alsace-Lorraine. Upon arriving in the United States, they settled in Pipestone County, Minnesota, where Edna was born in 1886. She had three siblings who died in childhood: Bertha, Edward, and Jack. Two brothers, William and Harry, survived. When Edna was five years old, her family moved to Vancouver, Washington. She attended school at the House of Providence and was interested in becoming a nurse.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage to Rudolph Becker.

paragraph: Edna married Rudolph Becker Jr. in September 1906. Becker was the heir to the Becker Auto Company, a car dealership in Portland, Oregon.

paragraph: When the Beckers' home caught fire in 1907, Edna Becker ran back into the flaming building to rescue her pet dog. Since the building also housed their auto garage, the fire was estimated to cause 15,000 dollars' worth of damage (over 403,000 dollars today).

paragraph: In 1909, Edna's friend Hazel Maddux was accused of vehicular manslaughter. Edna, who had seen the collision, was a reluctant witness. Though she freely admitted knowing the driver's identity, she refused to say who it was, claiming that "The woman has an old and kindly mother whose heart would be broken did she know of this." Maddux was found not guilty.

paragraph: The Beckers' marriage had ended by November 1912, when Edna Becker married Silas Christofferson. Since Rudolph Becker Jr. was still alive, it can be assumed they had divorced.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage to Silas Christofferson.

paragraph: Becker made her first flight in 1911, with Silas Christofferson as her pilot. She sat on the lower wing of his biplane, holding onto a wooden strut for support. They took off from Pearson Field in Vancouver, reaching heights of 500 feet and circling the field twice. The flight lasted eight minutes.

paragraph: On September 1, 1912, Silas Christofferson made the first hydroplane flight in Oregon, taking off from Oaks Amusement Park. He chose two women, Edna Becker and Mrs. R.F. Cox, to take turns flying with him. By then, Becker was determined to become a pilot and had ordered her own biplane. As she explained, "I have an inordinate craving to fly at a tremendous height, and I intend to indulge myself."

paragraph: Becker was the second of the women to ride with Silas Christofferson, taking off at 5 PM. With no safety harness, she clung to an aluminum bar with a half-inch diameter. Despite a strong wind, the two reached an altitude of 1,250 feet. Upon landing, they received a standing ovation from the tightly packed crowd.

paragraph: Edna Becker and Silas Christofferson were married on November 19, 1912, at the King Hill apartments in Portland. The marriage took many of their friends by surprise. An hour after the ceremony, they made a honeymoon flight over the Willamette Valley that lasted thirty minutes.

paragraph: The Christoffersons moved to San Francisco, where Silas opened a flying school. The school, which relocated to Redwood City in 1914, attracted students from around the world and trained several female pilots.

paragraph: Though Edna made many flights with Silas as her co-pilot, she did not fly solo during their marriage. After she made a mistake while volplaning, Silas refused to give her further lessons "until she should prove capacity to do the right thing at the time of emergency."

paragraph: A 1913 article mentioned Edna Christofferson helping her husband prepare planes for an air show, and claimed she "knows pretty near everything there is to know about aeroplanes." After the Christoffersons' friend Lincoln Beachey was killed in 1915, she organized a ceremony to commemorate the one-year anniversary of his death.

paragraph: On October 31, 1916, Silas was testing a new biplane prototype when his engine died. He glided downward for several hundred feet, then fell the last one hundred feet to the ground. Edna had been watching his flight and was one of the first people to reach him. She directed the men who carried him to the ambulance and accompanied him to the hospital, where he died of internal injuries. Edna arranged for him to be buried alongside Lincoln Beachey in the Cypress Lawn Cemetery. After the funeral, she went to stay with relatives on an Oregon ranch for a year.

paragraph: Section::::Radiology Career.

paragraph: In 1917, Christofferson enrolled in a post-graduate class in X-ray operation. She struggled with the subject matter at first, but became a proficient X-ray technician. She began her career at the Providence St. Vincent Medical Center in Oregon, but moved to Seattle to study with Eddy Jerman at "the Providence hospital", possibly Providence Seattle Medical Center. She also worked at the Legacy Good Samaritan Medical Center. After further studies in Chicago, she was named vice president of the American Association of Radiological Technicians.

paragraph: For six years, Christofferson worked for Dr. F. E. Diemer as his chief X-ray technician. In 1925, she founded her own school in Portland for X-ray technicians, teaching basic and advanced courses. She acted as an expert witness in at least one criminal trial, examining the defendant in her capacity as an X-ray specialist.

paragraph: Christofferson traveled to Germany in 1930 for post-graduate work at the Lerchenfeld Institute in Hamburg. She was impressed by commercial aviation in Europe, noting the efficiency of the Berlin airport in particular.

paragraph: By 1932, 153 students had graduated from Christofferson's school. Many went on to become technicians at hospitals throughout the Pacific Northwest.

paragraph: Section::::Marksmanship.

paragraph: Christofferson placed second in an international police shooting competition in 1927, scoring 52 out of 60 points. Participants included members of the Portland, Seattle, Vancouver, and Victoria police departments. Christofferson was the only female competitor.

paragraph: Christofferson believed that "a pistol, and a knowledge of its operation, is the best possible means of home protection for a woman." She was the founder and president of the Oregon Women's Revolver Club, formed in 1928. The club had fifteen charter members, including Christofferson's sister-in-law, Ethel Bissner. A score of at least 75% in marksmanship was required to join. Christofferson convinced the Portland Police Bureau to sponsor the club and to let them use the police shooting range. She also arranged access to shooting ranges in Clackamas and at Vancouver Barracks.

paragraph: She was awarded a medal for expert shooting by the United States Department of War after achieving a rating of 85% at the army course in Vancouver, Washington. At the time, only two other women in the country had made this qualification.

paragraph: Christofferson traveled to New York in 1928, where she took part in a police shooting competition and scored 96 out of 100 possible points. Police captain Ralph Micelli called her "the best woman revolver shot I have ever seen."

paragraph: Section::::Aviation Career.

paragraph: Christofferson was one of twenty-four Portland women who founded an Oregon chapter of the Women's National Aeronautic Association in 1930. She was the first president of the chapter, with stunt pilot Dorothy Hester serving as vice president. In 1931, she was appointed to the Oregon state board of aeronautics.

paragraph: In 1931, Christofferson enrolled in a flying class run by the National Solo Flying Corporation. The company operated a Portland airport soon to be dedicated in honor of her late husband, and Christofferson wanted to fly at the dedication ceremony. She made her first flight on July 31, 1931 with instructor Charles Hanst. Christofferson, who was used to earlier plane types, remarked that "I would have felt more at home and would have done much better, if I had had a wheel instead of a stick to control the plane." On October 31, 1931, she spoke at the dedication, then flew alone over the airfield, dropping flowers from the plane. It was the fifteenth anniversary of Silas Christofferson's death.

paragraph: In February 1932, Christofferson set out on an expedition to Alaska with pilot William Graham. The two were hoping to find the lost steamship SS Baychimo, which held a cargo of valuable furs. En route to Atlin, British Columbia, head winds and lack of fuel forced them to make an emergency landing. They spent ten days camped on an uncharted lake, enduring temperatures as low as -40 degrees Fahrenheit, before they were rescued by pilot Stanley McMillan. Though they did not find the ship, Christofferson staked two gold claims in the Kougarok district near Nome.

paragraph: Christofferson returned to Portland on June 26, 1932. There, her friends and family welcomed her back at the Swan Island Airport. In July`1932, she obtained her private pilot's license. She set out again for Alaska in October 1932, and stayed there, panning for gold, for the next three years.

paragraph: Christofferson returned to Portland in December 1935. She was accompanied by fellow prospector Isador Fix, who she had worked with closely in Alaska. Sometime before 1939, Fix and Christofferson married.

paragraph: Edna Christofferson died in a hospital in Vancouver, Washington on March 8, 1945. Her age was recorded as 64, though an 1886 birthdate would have made her 59 years old at the time of her death.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Amelia Earhart

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dorothy Hester Stenzel

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hazel Ying Lee

paragraph: BULLET::::- Leah Hing

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eddy Jerman

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lincoln Beachey

paragraph: BULLET::::- Evelyn Waldren

wikidata_label: Edna Christofferson

wikipedia_title: Edna Christofferson


text: sergeant

text: United States Army

text: Medal of Honor

text: Indian Wars

text: Tionesta, Pennsylvania

text: Fort Bowie

text: Arizona Territory

text: 8th Cavalry Regiment

text: Medal of Honor

text: Cochise

text: Fort Selden

text: New Mexico

text: Grant County, New Mexico

text: Pionsenay

categories: 1847 births,United States Army Medal of Honor recipients,American Indian Wars recipients of the Medal of Honor,United States Army soldiers,American people of the Indian Wars

paragraph: Orizoba Spence

paragraph: Orizoba O. Spence (1847 – April 7, 1876), alternatively spelled Orisoba, was a sergeant in the United States Army who received the Medal of Honor for gallantry in action during the Indian Wars.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Spence was born in 1847 in Tionesta, Pennsylvania, and joined the Army in 1868. He was stationed at Fort Bowie in the Arizona Territory with Company G of the 8th Cavalry Regiment. On October 20, 1869, Spence earned a Medal of Honor for gallantry after a battle against a band of Apaches lead by Cochise.

paragraph: Spence was discharged from the army as a sergeant at Fort Selden, New Mexico in 1873. He married in 1874 and briefly resided in Grant County, New Mexico. He went on to work as a cook at the overland mail stage station at Sulphur Springs in the Arizona Territory.

paragraph: On April 7, 1876, the station was raided by a band of Apaches lead by Pionsenay after an argument over whiskey sales. Pionsenay shot and killed Spence and Nicholas Rogers, the station operator. The two were initially buried at the station, however, the bodies were later exhumed for interment at Fort Bowie.

paragraph: Section::::Medal of Honor citation.

paragraph: Rank and organization: Private, Company G, 8th Cavalry Regiment. Place and date: At Chiricahua Mountains, Ariz., October 20, 1869. Entered service at: Tionesta, Pa. Birth: Forest County, Pa. Date of issue: February 14, 1870.

paragraph: Citation:

paragraph: Gallantry in action.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Medal of Honor recipients for the Indian Wars

description: American soldier

wikidata_label: Orizoba Spence

wikipedia_title: Orizoba Spence


text:
Speyer
Holy Roman Empire
Coro
Venezuela
New Granada
Venezuela
Colombia
Klein-Venedig
Venezuela Province
Welser
Charles I of Spain
Bartholomeus V. Welser
Augsburg
Ambrosius Ehinger
Europe
colonize
New Granada
Charles V
Nikolaus Federmann
Spain
Canary Islands
Coro
El Dorado
Nikolaus Federmann
Philipp von Hutten
Chibcha
Jiménez de Quesada
Santa Marta
Colombia
Pedro Fernández de Lugo
Orinoco
Apure
Europe
Santo Domingo
Real Audiencia
Simancas

paragraph: Georg von Speyer

paragraph: Georg von Speyer (1500, Speyer, Holy Roman Empire – 11 June 1540, Coro, Venezuela) was a German conquistador in New Granada, now Venezuela and Colombia. His birth name was Georg Hohermuth but he chose to call himself after his place of birth. He is sometimes referred to as Jorge de la Espira, his name in Spanish. He is a significant figure in the history of Klein-Venedig (1528 - 1546), the concession of Venezuela Province to the Welser banking family by Charles I of Spain.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: As a boy, he entered the banking house of Anton and Bartholomeus V. Welser of Augsburg, and worked his way up as their confidential agent, accompanying in the latter capacity the fleet that was armed by the Welsers in 1528, and sent under Ambrosius Ehinger to conquer New Granada. Returning to Europe after Ehinger's death, Speyer was among the young fortune seekers solicited by the Welsers to colonize New Granada in 1534. Speyer obtained from Charles V the appointment of governor of New Granada, despite the claims of Nikolaus Federmann, who had been Ehinger's lieutenant. He armed a new expedition in Spain and the Canary Islands, and on 22 February 1534, landed at Coro.

paragraph: Between 1535 and 1538 he searched in southwestern Venezuela and northern Colombia for “El Dorado,” in the company of Nikolaus Federmann and then with Philipp von Hutten. Against advice, Speyer had appointed Federmann his lieutenant. Accompanied by 450 regular troops and 1,500 friendly Indians, they set out on a journey of exploration to the interior. Leaving from the town of Rio Hacha, they followed the eastern flank of the cordilla following the existing salt trade route where it crossed the Andes and entered the lands of the Chibcha. The Chibcha were an advance culture whose realm had already been partially conquered by Jiménez de Quesada out of Santa Marta, now Colombia, under orders from Pedro Fernández de Lugo.

paragraph: After marching together for about 200 miles, Speyer and Federmann divided into two parties, agreeing to meet afterward. Speyer experienced great hardships from hostile Indians, and the soldiers, unaccustomed to march under a burning sun, mutinied several times. When at last they reached the appointed place of meeting without finding any trace of Federmann, the soldiers were discouraged.

paragraph: But Speyer animated them with the hope of discovering the riches of the El Dorado, of which the survivors of Ehinger's expedition, Federmann among them, had brought the first reports. They continued the march to the south, but, when the rainy season set in, the overflow of the rivers impeded progress, and the consequent fevers decimated their ranks. Speyer persevered for a long time in his search for the El Dorado, until at last his progress was arrested by a mighty river, probably the Orinoco, or its confluent, the Apure, and early in 1539 he returned to Coro empty handed with only 80 ragged and sickly men out of the host he had led forth more than four years before.

paragraph: Because of ill health he resigned as governor in 1539. He set out immediately for Europe to lay his complaint against Federmann before the Welsers, but heard in Santo Domingo of the former's return to Spain, and was persuaded by the Real Audiencia to return to his government, where he died soon afterward. Speyer's narrative to Charles V, which he sent from Santo Domingo, is said to have been published, but no copy of it is known to exist. In 1900, it was hoped that the manuscript might be among the papers in the archives at Simancas which the Spanish government was then publishing.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chapman, Walker "The Golden Dream: Seekers of El Dorado." Bobbs-Merrill, Indianapolis 1967.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richter, Erich "Die Welser landen in Venezuela" W. Goldmann, Leipzig 1938.

description: German conquistador

wikidata_label: Georg von Speyer

wikipedia_title: Georg von Speyer


text:
American
Ford Models
Gerard "Jerry" Ford
Manhattan
Great Neck, Long Island
Barnard College
Columbia University
San Francisco
World War II
Jean Patchett
Dorian Leigh
Huntington Hartford
John Robert Powers
Suzy Parker
Huntington Hartford
Mary Jane Russell
Carmen Dell'Orefice
Dovima
Park Avenue
Michael Gross
Martha Stewart
Barnard College
Chanel
Wilhelmina Cooper
Jean Shrimpton
Ann Turkel
Agneta Frieberg
Ali MacGraw
Candice Bergen
Sondra Peterson
Donna Michelle
Jerry Hall
Christie Brinkley
Rene Russo
Kim Basinger
Janice Dickinson
Lauren Hutton
Karen Graham
Susan Blakely
Revlon
Estée Lauder
John Casablancas
Elite
Roy Cohn
Wilhelmina
Gia Carangi
Patti Hansen
Shaun Casey
GQ
Brooke Shields
Francesco Scavullo
Ivory soap
Garry Gross
Rachel Ward
Studio 54
Ford Models Supermodel of the World
Cindy Crawford
Renée Simonsen
Carol Alt
Linda Evangelista
Christy Turlington
Tewksbury Township, New Jersey
Katie Ford
Good Housekeeping
Life
Ladies' Home Journal
Christie Brinkley
Morristown, New Jersey
meningioma
osteoporosis
Ford Models
BBC Last Word

categories: Barnard College alumni,1922 births,People from Tewksbury Township, New Jersey,2014 deaths,American fashion businesspeople,Businesspeople from New York City,People from Great Neck, New York,American women in business

paragraph: Eileen Ford

paragraph: Eileen Cecile Ford (née Otte; March 25, 1922 – July 9, 2014) was an American model agency executive and co-founder of Ford Models with her husband, Gerard "Jerry" Ford, in 1946. Ford Models was one of the earliest and internationally recognized modelling agencies in the world.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Eileen Cecile Otte was born in Manhattan and raised in suburban Great Neck, Long Island, the only daughter of four children of Loretta Marie (née Laine) and Nathaniel Otte. Eileen had been a model during the summers of her freshman and sophomore years at Barnard College, modeling for the Harry Conover Modeling Agency, one of the first in the United States. She graduated from Barnard in 1943.

paragraph: The next year, she met her future husband, Gerard "Jerry" Ford, at a drugstore near the Columbia University campus and eloped with him, marrying in November 1944 in San Francisco. Shortly thereafter, Jerry, who was in the Navy, was shipped out for World War II. In his absence, Eileen became photographer Elliot Clark's secretary, then later a fashion stylist, copywriter, and fashion reporter for "The Tobe Report".

paragraph: Section::::Ford Modeling Agency.

paragraph: A pregnant Eileen started to work as a secretary for several models, taking calls at her father's New York City law office, charging each model $65 to $75 per month. After giving birth to her first child, daughter Jamie in March 1947, she continued to work hard. Jerry returned from the war in March 1946, and despite knowing nothing about the fashion industry, he joined Eileen in creating an agency. After only a year, Eileen and Jerry sold their car and relocated their agency to a third-floor walkup on Second Avenue.

paragraph: Although the Ford's location was terrible, within a year, the modeling agency was the second or third most successful in the United States, grossing $250,000. The Ford's first superstar model was Jean Patchett. The Fords had the capital to instill the voucher system, something that other modeling agencies were not affluent enough to offer. Dorian Leigh described Eileen as "one of the hardest working, most persistent persons I have ever known, two qualities which made her my very good friend for years and later, my unanticipated enemy."

paragraph: After two years, the Fords began to seriously compete with the Huntington Hartford modeling agency and the John Robert Powers agencies, the two most successful modeling agencies at the time. Leigh, meanwhile, closed her modeling agency when she was pregnant with her third child in 1948. Leigh called Eileen and told them that her 15-years younger sister, Suzy Parker, was making only $25 per hour working as a model for Huntington Hartford. Leigh felt Suzy, although only 16 years old, should be making $40 per hour, and told Ford she would join her two-year-old agency only if they took Parker sight-unseen. Anxious to represent Leigh, they agreed. Expecting a younger version of the raven-haired, blue-eyed, very slender, 5'4" Dorian, the Fords were shocked to see Parker was 5'10" with green eyes, and freckles.

paragraph: They soon realized, however, that Parker had the possibility of becoming quite a successful model. Soon thereafter, Parker would become the most successful model of the 1950s, helping push the Ford's agency to number one. In the 1940s and 1950s, the Fords represented top models Mary Jane Russell, Carmen Dell'Orefice, and Dovima. By 1954, the Fords were extremely successful and were living in a duplex apartment on Park Avenue. To make sure that their models were the most successful, the Fords provided hair dressers, dermatologists, and Eileen dispensed diet advice constantly. She allowed models to live with her to "keep a close eye on them so they'd stay out of trouble and make their early morning appointments." Eleven (11) of Ford's busiest models were featured on the April 1955 issue of "McCall's" magazine (Parker, Leigh, Jean Patchett, Patsy Shally, Lillian Marcuson, Nan Rees, Leonie Vernet, Georgia Hamilton, Dolores Hawkins, Kathy Dennis, and Mary Jane Russell). Ford pushed for standardized hours and wages. She enforced rules about what models could and could not do (for example, showing “excessive amounts of bosom” in a photo was a no-no).

paragraph: The Fords' marriage became tense. Jerry told Eileen to "mend (your) ways or we'll be divorced!" She told author Michael Gross in a 1990s interview, "... so I mended my ways. That's why I'm so docile now." By the late 1950s, Eileen had given birth to four children: Jamie, Billy, Katie, and Lacey.

paragraph: In 1957, Leigh, aged 40 and retired from modeling, was living in France. She decided to start another modeling agency, this time in France. The police and courts insisted she was running an illegal employment agency, and she was fined. After World War II, employment agencies were declared illegal. Leigh contacted the Fords about starting a legitimate modeling agency, the first of its kind in that country. She continued to run a successful agency, but in 1959 was charged in court again. After hiring a lawyer, she finally won her case. The Fords agreed to expand their modeling business into Europe, and Leigh would represent them in France as well as scout for potential models all over Europe. Leigh was so successful that she opened branches in London and Hamburg, Germany. She would trade her European models for Ford's American models and vice versa.

paragraph: In the early 1960s, Ford represented then-model Martha Stewart, who like Eileen, went to Barnard College. Stewart modeled briefly in her late teens and early 20s, including for Chanel. In the 1970s, Stewart catered parties and weddings with Dorian Leigh, who became a cordon bleu level chef after retiring from the fashion industry. On the twentieth anniversary of the Ford Agency in 1966, Jerry Ford told "The New York Times" that they were billing $100,000 per week and that they were the first modeling agency to have a computer system. They had 175 female and 75 male models that booked 70% of modeling jobs in New York City and 30% worldwide.

paragraph: Their top models in the 1960s included Wilhelmina Cooper (who would go on to run a successful modeling agency of her own in the 1970s, until her death from lung cancer due to heavy smoking in 1980, at age 40), Jean Shrimpton, Ann Turkel, Agneta Frieberg, Ali MacGraw, Candice Bergen, Tilly Tizani, Sondra Peterson, and Donna Michelle. In 1968, Ford "Eileen Ford's Book of Model Beauty", which gave beauty tips and nutrition and exercise advice. The book included a biography and photos of Ford's most successful models from the 1950s and 1960s.

paragraph: In the early 1970s, Ford was still the number-one modeling agency in the world. It represented Jerry Hall, Christie Brinkley, Rene Russo, Kim Basinger, Janice Dickinson, Lauren Hutton, Karen Graham, Susan Blakely, and others. Hutton and Graham were the earliest models to get exclusive make-up contracts with Revlon and Estée Lauder. By 1977 however, John Casablancas, who started Elite, began to poach Ford's top models and her top booking agent, Monique Pillard. The Fords tried to sue Casablancas, and hired famed attorney Roy Cohn. They also competed with several smaller modeling agencies, such as Wilhelmina, which represented such late 1970s models as Gia Carangi, Patti Hansen and Shaun Casey.

paragraph: During this time, Ford Models expanded their agency. A successful Men's Division would dominate the pages of "GQ" magazine. In 1975, the Fords started a children's division. In her Lifetime Intimate Portrait, Eileen Ford said they started that division with Brooke Shields, then 9 years old, in mind. Shields was already an established model when the Fords signed her. She shot her first national advertising campaign with Francesco Scavullo in 1966 for Ivory soap. It was during that first year with Ford that she shot the infamous photos with photographer Garry Gross. According to court records, Brooke was paid $450 for the photo session.

paragraph: By the late 1970s, the "model wars" between Elite and Ford were in full stride with top models going back-and-forth between Elite, Ford, and smaller agencies like Zoli, which represented Rachel Ward and Esmé Marshall. By this time, many top models were getting terrible reputations for drug use, staying out all night at Studio 54 and for being very unprofessional.

paragraph: By the late 1970s and early 1980s, Eileen said several of Ford's models from the 1950s and 1960s had died from smoking and breast cancer. Some 1970s models died from drug use, including Gia Carangi, who died of AIDS in 1986. Top fashion photographers, tired of these models' behavior, refused to work with them any longer. In 1981, the Fords began an international modeling competition called "Face of the 80s", later known as Ford Models Supermodel of the World. By the mid-1980s, drug-addicted blonde models were out, and more professional, brunette-haired models such as Cindy Crawford, Renée Simonsen, Carol Alt, Linda Evangelista, and Christy Turlington came on the scene. As a result, modeling fees rapidly accelerated and several models were making millions of dollars per year. Fashion editor Polly Mellen said, "The girls are getting rich, so rich." Turlington, at the age of 16, moved into Ford's townhouse during the summer of 1985, and would rapidly become one of the Ford's biggest successes ever.

paragraph: In 1993, Eileen said that her agency received 10,000 letters per year and 7,000 personal visits to her office. Of these, she said, maybe only four or five are "really good ones [models]".

paragraph: Also in 1993, Ford's home in Tewksbury Township, New Jersey, was almost completely destroyed in a fire. They later that year rebuilt an exact replica of the house.

paragraph: Section::::Retirement.

paragraph: In 1995, Katie Ford took over her parents' agency after their retirement. The 50th anniversary of the agency was highlighted in several articles including the July–August 1996 issue of "American Photo" magazine and in January–February 1997's "Top Model" magazine ("Ford at 50!"). She was CEO from 1995 to 2007. In December 2007, Ford was sold to Stone Tower Equity Partners. John Caplan took over as CEO while Katie Ford was on the Board of Directors. Jerry Ford died at the age 83 on August 24, 2008. He was survived by his wife, four children, eight grandchildren, and two great-grandchildren.

paragraph: Eileen Ford's story has been told in "Good Housekeeping" in 1968, "Life" in November 1970 and "Ladies' Home Journal" in 1971 among many others. She appeared in the 1997 film "Scratch the Surface" about a teen model turned documentary cinematographer, Tara Fitzpatrick's examination of the clothing industry and in "Intimate Portrait: Eileen Ford" in 1999 and again in "Celebrity Profile: Brooke Shields" in 2001 and a profile of Christie Brinkley.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: She died at a hospital in Morristown, New Jersey from complications of meningioma and osteoporosis, on July 9, 2014, aged 92.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Eileen Ford's Book of Model Beauty" by Eileen Ford. Trident Press: New York, (1968)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Eileen Ford's a more beautiful you in 21 days", Simon and Schuster: New York (1972);

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Good Housekeeping" magazine, 1968.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lacey, Robert. "Model Woman: Eileen Ford and the Business of Beauty." New York: HarperCollins, 2015.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ford Models

paragraph: BULLET::::- BBC Last Word (obituary, spoken word)

description: Fashion model agency co-founder/executive

wikidata_label: Eileen Ford

wikipedia_title: Eileen Ford


text:
Communist Party of India (Marxist)
Hyderabad State
Telangana Rebellion
Nellore district
Andhra Pradesh
India
Gandhi
Non-Cooperation Movement
Borstal school
Rajahmundry
bonded labour
Communist Party of India
Sajjad Zaheer
E.M.S. Namboodiripad
Soli Batliwala
Congress Socialist Party
Congress Socialist Party
South India
Kerala
E. M. S. Namboodiripad
P. Krishna Pillai
Communist Party of India
Congress Socialist Party
Communist Party of India
All India Kisan Sabha
underground
Bombay
Calcutta
Kolkata
Communist Party of India
armed struggle
B.T. Ranadive
Tripura
Telangana
West Bengal
Travancore
Telangana
Nizam
Hyderabad state
Vijayawada
Palakkad
Amritsar
Communist Party of India
S.A. Dange
Indian National Congress
Sino-Indian War
Sino-Soviet differences
USSR
revisionist
Rightist
Leftist
Amritsar
India
Communist Party of India (Marxist)
Congress
Indira Gandhi
Emergency
Indian Constitution
fundamental rights
Telangana Rebellion
Indian Parliament
Rajya Sabha
Madras
Andhra Pradesh

categories: Indian atheists,Telugu politicians,1985 deaths,1913 births,Communist Party of India (Marxist) politicians from Andhra Pradesh,Leaders of the Opposition in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly

paragraph: Puchalapalli Sundarayya

paragraph: Puchalapalli Sundarayya (Born Sundararami Reddy on 1 May 1913 – 19 May 1985) was a founding member of the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and a leader of the peasant revolt in the former Hyderabad State of India, called the Telangana Rebellion. He is popularly known as Comrade PS. Fired by Communist ideals and egalitarian values he changed his name from Sundararami Reddy, to drop his caste suffix. He was so dedicated to the upliftment of the poor that he and his spouse chose not to have children, for the purpose of social service. He directly participated in Telangana armed struggle against the imperialism of the Nizam of Hyderabad.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Sundarayya was born on 1 May 1913 in Alaganipadu (in the present Vidavalur Mandal of Kovur Constituency) in Nellore district of Andhra Pradesh, India. He was the child of a feudal family and, when Sundarayya was six, his father died. He completed primary education and entered a college where he studied at entry level until he left in 1930, at the age of 17, to join Gandhi's Non-Cooperation Movement. He was arrested and spent time in a Borstal school in Rajahmundry where he became acquainted with various communists and local dalit leaders. When released, he organized agricultural workers in his village to protest against bonded labour.

paragraph: He was mentored by Amir Hyder Khan, who prompted him to become a member of the Communist Party of India, which was condemned and banned by the British government during the Second World War. During this period many prominent communist leaders, like Dinkar Mehta, Sajjad Zaheer, E.M.S. Namboodiripad and Soli Batliwala, became members of the national executive of the Congress Socialist Party. While a member, Sundarayya rose to the position of the Secretary of the Congress Socialist Party.

paragraph: Section::::In Communist Movement.

paragraph: After the arrest of Amir Hyder Khan, following the directions of the Central Committee, the task of building the Party in South India fell on his shoulders. During this period, he motivated transition of prominent communist leaders of Kerala like E. M. S. Namboodiripad and P. Krishna Pillai to join the Communist Party of India from the Congress Socialist Party. In 1934, Sundarayya became a member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of India. During the same year, he became one of the founders of the All India Kisan Sabha and was elected as its joint secretary. When the Party was banned, he went underground between 1939 and 1942.

paragraph: Section::::Telangana Rebellion.

paragraph: When the ban on the Party was lifted in 1943, the first Party Congress was held at Bombay and he was again elected to the Central Committee in the second party Congress held at Calcutta (now called: Kolkata). In that Congress, the Communist Party of India adopted a line advocating armed struggle, that came to be known as 'Calcutta thesis'. It was closely identified with its main proponent, the then General Secretary B.T. Ranadive. As a result, insurgencies took place in Tripura, Telangana, West Bengal and Travancore.

paragraph: The most important rebellion took place in Telangana, against the Nizam of Hyderabad state. Sundarayya, was one of its leaders. He went underground between 1948 and 1952. He was re-elected to the Central Committee in 1952 when a special party conference was held. He was also elected to the Politburo, the highest forum within the Party. He was then re-elected to Central Committee and the Politburo in the third party congress in Vijayawada and again in the fourth congress held at Palakkad.

paragraph: Section::::In Communist Party of India (Marxist).

paragraph: He was elected to the Central Executive and the Central Secretariat of the Party at the fifth Party Congress at Amritsar. At this time the internal conflict within the Communist Party of India had heightened. The Party leadership under S.A. Dange were in favor of supporting the Indian Government headed by the Indian National Congress at the time of the Sino-Indian War. Also, following the Sino-Soviet differences of International Communist Movement, the Party leadership under Dange was pursuing the USSR line, which the pro-Chinese leadership within the Party called revisionist. The group under Dange was referred to as the "Rightists", and the other group, "Leftists". Sundarayya was a prominent leader of the leftist group and he resigned the positions conferred upon him during the Amritsar congress of the Party, protesting against the policies of the dominant leadership of the Party. He was arrested and imprisoned during November 1962 at the time of India-China border war.

paragraph: The split came out in open and the leftists organized the Seventh Party Congress in October–November 1964 and forming a new Party called the Communist Party of India (Marxist). Sundarayya was elected as its General Secretary. However, immediately after this conference, Sundarayya and several Party leaders were arrested because of a ruling produced by the Congress government, and they were detained until May 1966. Again, he went underground to evade arrest during the period of the then Indian Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi, who evoked Emergency provisions of the Indian Constitution, between 1975–1977, to suspend Constitutionally guaranteed 'fundamental rights'.

paragraph: Sundarayya remained the Party's General Secretary until 1976. In that year, he decided to resign from his post as the Party's General Secretary and gave up his Politburo membership, for what he called the "revisionist habits" acquired by the Party.

paragraph: Section::::"Telangana People's Struggle and Lessons".

paragraph: In December 1972, the Communist Party of India (Marxist) published a comprehensive report prepared by Sundarayya, the then General Secretary, called "Telangana People's Struggle and Lessons". Apart from narrating the socio-economic background of the Telangana Rebellion, Sundarayya went on to enunciate the Party's line on the question of partisan struggles.

paragraph: Section::::Legislative career.

paragraph: In 1952, he was elected to the Upper House of the Indian Parliament, the Rajya Sabha from the Madras Assembly constituency and became the leader of the Communist group in Parliament. He went to Parliament on a bicycle at a time when most of the MPs were either zamindars or hailed from aristocratic families who arrived in luxury cars. He was elected to the State assembly of Andhra Pradesh and remained a member of that House until 1967. After a long gap he contested again and got elected to the State assembly of Andhra Pradesh in 1978, he continued this up to 1983. Sundarayya held the party's state Secretary post in Andhra Pradesh and was a member of the Central Committee of the Party from this period to his death on 19 May 1985.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::-  History on the verge of collapse in Hindu on 03-May-2006.

paragraph: BULLET::::-  Remembrance, P. Sundarayya in Marxist daily "Ganashakthi" website.

paragraph: BULLET::::-  P. Sundarayya, "Telengana People's Struggle and Its Lessons", December 1972, Published by the Communist Party of India (Marxist), Calcutta-29.

description: Indian politician

wikidata_label: Puchalapalli Sundaraiah

wikipedia_title: Puchalapalli Sundarayya


text:
Australia
The Queanbeyan Age
Queanbeyan
New South Wales
Canberra
Austin Chapman
Murrumbidgee
New South Wales Legislative Assembly
Bodmin
Cornwall
England
Monmouth
Sydney
Australia
Methodist
Queanbeyan
Gunning
The Queanbeyan Age
Murrumbidgee
New South Wales Legislative Assembly
Protectionist Party
Canberra
Queanbeyan
Dalgety
John Forrest
An Unique Site for the Federal City
George Reid
J.C. Watson
Sir Austin Chapman
The Canberra Times
As I Recall
Chapman
Queanbeyan High School
Before Canberra
L. F. Fitzhardinge

categories: Australian Methodists,Methodist missionaries in Australia,Protectionist Party politicians,Australian Presbyterian ministers,Members of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly,1831 births,People educated at Monmouth School,People from Bodmin,Methodist ministers,English Methodist missionaries,Cornish Methodists,1929 deaths,People from Queanbeyan

paragraph: John Gale (journalist)

paragraph: John Gale (17 April 183115 July 1929) was an Australian newspaper proprietor, lay preacher and politician. He was the founder of "The Queanbeyan Age", the first newspaper to serve the Queanbeyan district in New South Wales. He was also an advocate for the Queanbeyan-Canberra area as the best site of a future Australian national capital, for which he is sometimes called the "Father of Canberra" (although that epithet is also applied to Sir Austin Chapman). He served a single term as Member for Murrumbidgee in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Gale was born in Bodmin, Cornwall, England, in 1831 and educated at Monmouth Grammar School. He was apprenticed to the printing trade in 1846 and while learning this trade also completed his training to be a missionary. John Gale arrived in Sydney, Australia, in 1853 on the 'American Lass' with six other young ministers. They were sent by the British Conference for special work in the gold fields as Methodist missionaries (probationary ministers). Gale was appointed to the Goulburn-Gunning Circuit, initially being put in charge of the Berrima section. However, within a year he was moved to the Gunning section where he covered a wide area which included the town (now city) of Queanbeyan in southern New South Wales (NSW).

paragraph: In conformity with a condition imposed on all missionaries, Gale was expected to remain single during the term of his mission because the cost of paying for the upkeep of a home and a stipend to support a family was more than the church could afford. Gale was never ordained as a minister, however. He chose instead to marry Loanna Wheatley in January 1857 at Waggalallah, NSW, which was located a few miles out of Gunning. Loanna was the youngest daughter of John Wheatley who was very active in the Gunning Methodist Church and a local preacher.

paragraph: Perhaps part of the reason for this decision can be glimpsed in the following passage that he wrote in 1926.

paragraph: "Alternately, this was my week's work : Preaching at Gunning and Goulburn on Sunday, Crookwell on Monday, Tuena on Tuesday, Binda on Wednesday, Byalla on Thursday, home on Friday, with Saturday left for prep¬aration for my next week's round. Sunday preaching at Gunning, Jerrawa and Yass, Monday at Parkwood, Tuesday at Queanbeyan, Wednesday at Gundaroo, Thursday at Collector, thence home via Waggalallah on Friday, with Saturday left for preparation for another week's work. According to a diary I kept, during the three years I was at Gunning I travelled on horseback no less than 21,000 miles, being 7,000 miles a year over, for the greater part, mere bridle-tracks or no tracks at all. Perhaps the urgency of the work called for all this ; but it seemed to me hardly fair to a young man who, in addition to his preaching, had to make due preparation for his yearly examinations."

paragraph: Despite leaving the formal ministry, Gale continued to act as a lay preacher on a voluntary basis for most of his life, serving either the Methodist or Presbyterian Churches in the district.

paragraph: With the arrival of Annie Mercy, the first of Loanna and John Gale's 11 children, John Gale re-thought his future. Money was needed to provide food and shelter for his family and in order to start a business, and he would need capital to pay for office equipment and the leasehold of commercial premises. Fortunately, Gale's background in journalism and religious instruction provided him with the skills to teach and he soon acquired a paid position as a tutor with the Caldwell family at Moonbucca. Gale also wrote to his elder brother, Peter Francis, a photographer living in England, and asked if he would emigrate to Australia. He requested also that his brother bring with him a printing press and assist in the starting of a newspaper business in Queanbeyan. Peter Gale and his family obliged, and accompanied by the said printing press, sailed for Sydney, where they were met by Gale and his family. The brothers and their families then travelled to Queanbeyan where, on 15 September 1860, they produced their first newspaper. This publication was initially called "The Golden Age" after the gold deposits that had been discovered locally, but within four years the gold was gone and in 1864 the paper's name was changed to "The Queanbeyan Age".

paragraph: From 1887 to 1889 Gale was the Member for Murrumbidgee in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for the Protectionist Party.

paragraph: Section::::National capital advocate.

paragraph: The Australian colonies became a federated nation at the beginning of 1901. Gale strongly advocated making the Canberra-Queanbeyan district the site of Australia's future capital city. Gale later recorded in his newspapers and on page 5 of his valuable book "Canberra History & Legends" that on Christmas Day 1855, he was riding his horse across the Limestone Plains to Kurrajong Hill (now called Capital Hill where the new Parliament House is built) when he had a "prophetic inspiration":

paragraph: "... with the mountains to the south and to the east and the shimmer from the river, the scene invoked a mental, if not a vocal, exclamation: "What a magnificent site for one of Australia's future cities!"

paragraph: On 11 June 1900, Gale (with 11 other local men) gave evidence to a NSW Royal Commissioner, Mr Alexander Oliver, proposing that Queanbeyan-Canberra be the site for the Federal Capital City. Commissioner Oliver had been appointed to examine and report to the NSW Parliament on the suitability of all the proposed locations for a National Capital. Oliver, however, favored Dalgety in his report and rejected Canberra.

paragraph: The Federal Government introduced in 1904 a parliamentary bill naming Dalgety as the Federal Capital site. NSW strenuously objected to the bill. On 10 July 1907, Sir John Forrest, former Western Australian Premier, tabled his Report: "An Unique Site for the Federal City", as a formal minute in the House of Representatives in Melbourne. It contained "nine factors" each glorifying Dalgety and belittling Canberra. Some members of the NSW and Commonwealth parliaments approached John Gale and asked him to deal with Sir John's report. The result was Gale's now famous paper "Dalgety or Canberra, Which?", Gale read his paper on 24 July 1907 at a public meeting in Queanbeyan, where local residents dissented from the Commonwealth Parliament's choice of Dalgety. Queanbeyan Mayor Hinksman ordered that Gale's paper be printed and copies sent to every member of the seven Australian parliaments and to influential citizens. Gale's paper, with its "nine factors" of logic and "indisputable facts", put Dalgety in the background and strengthened Canberra's case to be Australia's capital city .

paragraph: In 1907, former Australian prime ministers George Reid and J.C. Watson spoke strongly in favor of Canberra's claims to be the National Capital in speeches to the Commonwealth Parliament. Sir John Forrest, a vocal opponent of the Canberra option, said later that it was John Gale's pamphlet "Dalgety or Canberra, Which?" that won the day for Canberra as the preferred site, persuading him to alter his vote in its favour. Eventually, in 1908, Canberra was chosen as the site of Australia's National Capital.

paragraph: Section::::Recognition.

paragraph: Sir Austin Chapman declared at the first Canberra land auction that: "... if any man were entitled to be known as the Father of Canberra, it was veteran Queanbeyan journalist John Gale". Charles Daley quoted Chapman's words in various articles in "The Canberra Times" in the 1960s and also in his book, "As I Recall". He said that: "... John Gale lived to see his vision realized, and he was invited to attend the opening of Parliament House at Canberra, on 9 May 1927, when he was presented to Their Royal Highnesses, the Duke and Duchess of York, ... who would wish to dispute his right to be acknowledged as the 'Father of Canberra?'".

paragraph: A.K. Murray, a pioneer of the District and editor of Canberra's "Federal Pioneer Magazine" (1920s), also verified that Sir Austin Chapman had acknowledged to him during conversations that Gale was entitled to be named the Father of Canberra.

paragraph: Ironically, on Chapman's death in 1926, it was he who was acknowledged in the Federal Parliament as the Father of Canberra, and the Sir Austin Chapman Memorial Garden in the Canberra suburb of Chapman is dedicated to "the Father of Canberra".

paragraph: A bronze statue of John Gale, titled "The Father of Canberra", is installed on the corner of Monaro and Lowe streets and Farrer Place, near Queanbeyan Courthouse. Created by artist Peter Corlett, the sculpture was unveiled in March 2001 by Heritage-culture Arts Promotions Inc. (HAPI), a not-for-profit community organization. The memorial recognizes the contributions of John Gale and those members of the Queanbeyan district's community who lobbied for, and helped in the construction of, Australia's capital at Canberra.

paragraph: On 24 July 2007, Queanbeyan High School students created and presented a play titled "John Gale's Vision - Dalgety or Canberra, Which?". The students' performance commemorated the centenary of John Gale's pamphlet.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "John Gale, Father of Canberra", Before Canberra

paragraph: BULLET::::- "As I Recall - Reminiscences of Early Canberra", Charles Daley. (ed) Shirley Purchase. Canberra, 1994.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Canberra - History of and Legends Relating to the Federal Capital Territory of the Commonwealth of Australia", John Gale. Queanbeyan, 1926

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Federal Capital – Dalgety or Canberra Which?", John Gale. Queanbeyan, 1907.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "John Gale's The Federal Capital – Dalgety or Canberra Which?", (ed) Clair Lewis. Canberra, 2001.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gale Force - John Gale and the siting of the National Capital", Susan Mary Woolcock Withycombe. Canberra, 2001.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Six Days in the Mountains of Cowley", John Gale. Queanbeyan, 1901-1920.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Trout Fishing in the Goodradigbee River", John Gale. Queanbeyan, 1904.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "An alpine excursion - notes of a trip to the mountains, rivers, plains and caves of the Australian Alps", John Gale. Queanbeyan, 1903.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Old Canberra: 1820-1900 and the Search for a Capital", L. F. Fitzhardinge. Canberra, 1975.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Queanbeyan Printing Museum", with working machines from the 1800s. (Near the Bowling/ croquet courts, Farrer Place, Queanbeyan (opposite the Queanbeyan Showground).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Golden Age", 1860 - 1864 (available on film at Queanbeyan Library.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Queanbeyan Age", 1864 - (still in production, film and some hard copy at Queanbeyan Library.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Queanbeyan Observer", c1891 - c1924, (film at Queanbeyan Library.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Federal Pioneer Magazine", (ed) A K Murray). National Library Australia.

description: Australian politician

wikidata_label: John Gale

wikipedia_title: John Gale (journalist)


text:
South Korean
football
midfielder
playmaker
K-League
Daejeon Citizen
Suwon Samsung Bluewings
car crash
Baek Ji-hoon
Song Chong-gug
30-30 Club
Home United FC
K League Classic
2008
K League Best XI
National Team Player Record
news.asiaone.com

categories: 1978 births,South Korean expatriate sportspeople in Singapore,K League 1 players,South Korean footballers,Home United FC players,South Korea international footballers,Sportspeople from Seoul,South Korean expatriate footballers,Singapore Premier League players,Expatriate footballers in Singapore,Daejeon Citizen FC players,Suwon Samsung Bluewings players,Association football midfielders,Living people

paragraph: Lee Kwan-woo

paragraph: Lee Kwan-Woo (born 25 February 1978) is a retired South Korean football player who played as a midfielder and playmaker.

paragraph: Section::::Growth Background.

paragraph: Born in Seoul, he graduated from Chunghwa Elementary School, Hanyang Middle School, Hanyang Technical High School, and Hanyang University.

paragraph: Section::::Nickname.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sirius : He got the nickname 'Sirius' the brightest star in the sky, for his dazzling play on the ground.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kwanquelme : Fans called him "Kwanqelme", because his playstyle is similar to Juan Roman Riquelme from Argentina.

paragraph: Section::::Career(simple).

paragraph: Section::::Career(simple).:Player.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daejeon Citizen FC (Korea) : 2000 ~ 2006

paragraph: BULLET::::- Suwon Samsung Bluewings FC (Korea) : 2006 ~ 2010

paragraph: BULLET::::- Home United FC (Singapore) : 2013 ~ 2014

paragraph: Section::::Career(simple).:Coach.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Suwon Samsung Bluewings FC Youth Team Coach : 2015 ~ 2017

paragraph: BULLET::::- Suwon FC Head Coach : 2018 ~

paragraph: Section::::Career(detail).

paragraph: Section::::Career(detail).:Player.

paragraph: Nicknamed "Sirius" and dubbed "Kwanquelme" by his fans, Lee began his professional football career in the K-League by joining the community based club, Daejeon Citizen in 2000. During his stay in Daejeon, he established himself as a fan favorite with his accurate passes and long shots. In addition, his record of 22 goals and 18 assists made him an icon amongst the Purple Crew; however, on July 2006, he left Daejeon and joined its rival club, Suwon Samsung Bluewings. Before joining the Bluewings, he suffered a knee injury in a car crash. He almost retired but came back strong for Suwon and even made a national squad.

paragraph: After a poor seasonal campaign in 2005, the Bluewings aimed to rebuild their squad during the transfer window, and brought in Lee Kwan-Woo along with others notably Baek Ji-hoon for the 2006 season. This proved to be a vital move, as the Bluewings finished the season as runners-up despite being one of the top favorites. At the start of the 2007 campaign, he was given the armband for the Suwon Bluewings, but lost his captaincy to his teammate Song Chong-gug at the start of the 2008 season. Nevertheless, his keen passing and ball distribution remain invaluable to the Suwon Bluewings.

paragraph: He is member of 30-30 Club since August 25, 2007.

paragraph: In 2013, he joined Home United FC as their club marquee player.

paragraph: Section::::Career(detail).:Coach.

paragraph: Lee Kwan-woo worked as a youth coach in Suwon Bluewings from 2015 to 2017. And He has served as a head coach since 2018 under Kim Dae-eui who is the football manager of Suwon FC.

paragraph: Section::::Playing Style.

paragraph: A two-footed player, his shooting was considered outstanding before his knee injury. After returning, he was able to develop more sophisticated shooting techniques. He was also noted for his precise passing and simple but effective dribbling skills.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.:Club.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Suwon Samsung Bluewings

paragraph: BULLET::::- FA Cup runner-up (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- K-League runner-up (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Samsung Hauzen Cup Champion (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- K League Classic (1): 2008

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Pan Pacific Championship Champion (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- FA Cup champion (2009, 2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daejeon Citizen

paragraph: BULLET::::- FA Cup Champion (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hauzen Cup runner-up (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Korean Super Cup runner-up (2002)

paragraph: Section::::Honours.:Individual.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Most Valuable Player Award at the National Football Championship : 1995

paragraph: BULLET::::- Puma Best 11 MF Part : 2002

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hummel Korea Sports Today Award for this year's Player of the Year : 2002

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hummel Korea Sports Today Best 11 : 2003

paragraph: BULLET::::- K-League Allstar Award : 2003

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kika Goal Award :2003

paragraph: BULLET::::- K League Best XI: 2003. 2006, 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- S.League Player of the Month Of April: 2013

paragraph: BULLET::::- YEO's Player of the Year: 2013

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- National Team Player Record

paragraph: BULLET::::- news.asiaone.com

description: South Korean footballer

wikidata_label: Lee Kwan-Woo

wikipedia_title: Lee Kwan-woo


text:
cinema
Sheffield
Yorkshire
A Daring Daylight Burglary
Jack Sheppard
highwayman
Edwin Porter
The Great Train Robbery
action film
Henry Jasper Redfern
motion pictures
Sheffield
Arnold Muir Wilson
A Daring Daylight Burglary
Kinver Light Railway
The First Action Movie
Mottershaw family portrait
Mixed Babies

categories: 1932 deaths,British filmmakers,British cinema pioneers,Cinema pioneers,1850 births,British film directors

paragraph: Frank Mottershaw

paragraph: Frank Mottershaw (1850–1932) (often confused with his second son, Frank Storm Mottershaw) was an early English cinema director based in Sheffield, Yorkshire. His films, "A Daring Daylight Burglary" and "The Robbery of the Mail Coach" (featuring a protagonist based on Jack Sheppard, the infamous 18th-century English highwayman), made in April and September 1903, are regarded as highly influential on the development of Edwin Porter’s paradigmatic "chase film" "The Great Train Robbery" of December 1903, and often claimed as the prototype of the action film. The uniqueness of Mottershaw's "A Daring Daylight Burglary" is seen in the way it tracks a single action through changing locations. Henry Jasper Redfern and Mottershaw made the first motion pictures filmed outdoors in Sheffield.

paragraph: In 1900 Mottershaw formed the Sheffield Photo Company, which by 1905 was one of the leading film companies in the country.

paragraph: Mottershaw also made documentary films, an early example being "The Coronation of King Peter I of Serbia in Belgrade", made in 1904, with Arnold Muir Wilson.

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1903 "A Daring Daylight Burglary" (1903)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1903 "Robbery of the Mail Coach" (1903)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1903 "The Convict's Escape from Prison" (1903)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "A Ride on the Kinver Light Railway" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "The Coronation of King Peter the First" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "Attack on a Japanese Convoy" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "A Dash with the Despatch" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "The Tramp's Duck Hunt" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "The Market Woman's Mishap" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "A Cycle Teacher's Experiences" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "The Coiners" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "The Bobby's Downfall" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "Late for Work" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "Boys Will Be Boys" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "Fly Catchers" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "Bertie's Courtship" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "The Tramps and the Washerwoman" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "A Picnic Disturbed" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 "That Awful Donkey" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1905 "A Soldier's Romance" (1905)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1905 "An Eccentric Burglary" (1905)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1905 "The Masher and the Nursemaid" (1905)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1905 "Lazy Workmen" (1905)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1905 "A Fireman's Story" (1905)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1905 "The Shoplifter" (1905)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1905 "The Demon Motorist" (1905)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1905 "A Man Although a Thief" (1905)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1905 "Mixed Babies" (1905)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1905 "The Life of Charles Peace" (1905)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1906 "Our Boyhood Days" (1906)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1906 "Lost in the Snow" (1906)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1906 "The Eccentric Thief" (1906)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1906 "That Terrible Dog" (1906)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1906 "Our Seaside Holiday" (1906)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1906 "His First Silk Hat" (1906)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1906 "After the Club" (1906)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1907 "The Romany's Revenge" (1907)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1907 "Johnny's Rim" (1907)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1907 "Willie's Dream" (1907)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1907 "The Blackmailer" (1907)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1907 "His Cheap Watch" (1907)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1908 "That Nasty Sticky Stuff" (1908)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The First Action Movie BBC Radio 4

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mottershaw family portrait

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1903)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mixed Babies (1905), Yorkshire Film Archive

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1905), National Film Archive of Serbia

description: film director

wikidata_label: Frank Mottershaw

wikipedia_title: Frank Mottershaw


text:
American football
linebacker
Ohio State
Richmond, Virginia
Hermitage High School
Rivals.com
UNC
Florida
Virginia
San Diego Chargers
Atlanta Falcons
Tennessee Titans
San Francisco 49ers
Ohio State Buckeyes bio

categories: Players of American football from Virginia,Atlanta Falcons players,San Diego Chargers players,San Francisco 49ers players,Sportspeople from Richmond, Virginia,1992 births,Tennessee Titans players,American football linebackers,Oakland Raiders players,Ohio State Buckeyes football players,New York Giants players,Living people

paragraph: Curtis Grant

paragraph: Curtis Grant Jr. (born December 28, 1992) is an American football linebacker who is currently a free agent. He played college football at Ohio State.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: A native of Richmond, Virginia, Grant attended Hermitage High School, where he was rated the No. 1 inside linebackers prospect by "Rivals.com". He chose Ohio State over UNC, Florida, and Virginia.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:San Diego Chargers.

paragraph: On May 2, 2015, Grant was signed by the San Diego Chargers as an undrafted free agent. On August 30, 2015, he was waived.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Atlanta Falcons.

paragraph: On December 15, 2015, Grant was signed to the Atlanta Falcons' practice squad.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Tennessee Titans.

paragraph: On April 1, 2016 Grant was signed by the Tennessee Titans. On September 2, 2016, he was released by the Titans as part of final roster cuts.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Oakland Raiders.

paragraph: On September 5, 2016, Grant was signed to the Raiders' practice squad. He was released by the Raiders on September 14, 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:San Francisco 49ers.

paragraph: On September 21, 2016, Grant was signed to the San Francisco 49ers' practice squad.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New York Giants.

paragraph: On January 12, 2017, Grant signed a reserve/future contract with the Giants. He was waived on September 2, 2017 and was signed to the Giants' practice squad the next day. He was promoted to the active roster on September 18, 2017. He was placed on injured reserve on November 27, 2017 after being carted off with a knee injury in Week 12.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ohio State Buckeyes bio

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Curtis Grant

wikipedia_title: Curtis Grant


text:
Slovenia
high jump
Maribor
Summer Olympics
high jump
IAAF
Frank Fredericks

categories: Olympic athletes of Slovenia,World Championships in Athletics athletes for Slovenia,Athletes (track and field) at the 2004 Summer Olympics,1979 births,Slovenian male high jumpers,Sportspeople from Maribor,Athletes (track and field) at the 2012 Summer Olympics,Living people,Athletes (track and field) at the 2008 Summer Olympics

paragraph: Rožle Prezelj

paragraph: Rožle Prezelj (born 26 September 1979) is a Slovenian high jumper.

paragraph: Born in Maribor, Prezelj represented Slovenia at the 2004, 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics. His best result was at the 2008 Olympics where he finished 12th in high jump. His father Dušan has been a decathlete with a high jump personal best of 2.15 m (1976), his mother Stanka a two time Yugoslavian champion with a personal best of 1.86 m (1981).

paragraph: After his retirement from competition, he entered the administrative field and was elected chairman of the IAAF Athlete's Commission, responsible for transforming athlete's concerns into changes at the governing body. He succeeded Frank Fredericks to the role.

description: Slovenian male high jumper

wikidata_label: Rožle Prezelj

wikipedia_title: Rožle Prezelj


text: Azeitão

text: Lisbon

text: Álvaro and Juliana of Lencastre

text: Dukes of Aveiro

text: theology

text: University of Coimbra

text: Bishop of Guarda

text: Archbishop of Évora

text: Archbishop of Braga

text: Spanish Habsburgs

text: John IV

text: Duke of Aveiro

text: Marquis of Torres Novas

text: Portugal

text: Maria de Guadalupe of Lencastre

text: Maria de Guadalupe of Lencastre

text: Duchess of Aveiro

text: Portugal

text: Infante George of Lencastre

text: Duke of Aveiro

text: Marquis of Torres Novas

categories: 1608 births,Dukes of Aveiro,17th-century Portuguese people,University of Coimbra alumni,Portuguese nobility,1673 deaths

paragraph: Peter of Lencastre, 5th Duke of Aveiro

paragraph: Pedro de Lencastre, or Peter of Lencastre (Azeitão, 1608 – Lisbon, 1673), was the youngest son of Álvaro and Juliana of Lencastre, 3rd Dukes of Aveiro.

paragraph: He studied theology in the University of Coimbra and he became successively Bishop of Guarda, Archbishop of Évora and Archbishop of Braga.

paragraph: In spite of the Portuguese revolution against the Spanish Habsburgs, his nephew, Raimundo of Lencastre, 4th Duke of Aveiro actively supported the rights of the Habsburg Kings and, in 1663, the new King of the Braganza Dynasty, John IV, decided to confiscate the Dukedom.

paragraph: However, Peter of Lencastre, a Braganza supporter, requested the cancellation of this decision and, finally in 1668, he was recognised as 5th Duke of Aveiro and Marquis of Torres Novas.

paragraph: Later the same year, when the peace between Portugal and Spain was signed, Peter's niece, Maria de Guadalupe of Lencastre, sister and heir of the 4th Duke, requested the cancellation of the decision that granted the Dukedom of Aveiro to her uncle, in order to obtain it for herself.

paragraph: Due to Peter of Lencastre's death in 1673, Maria de Guadalupe of Lencastre, still living in Spain, was recognised as the new Duchess of Aveiro on condition she would return to Portugal.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Infante George of Lencastre

paragraph: BULLET::::- Duke of Aveiro

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marquis of Torres Novas

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Genealogy of Peter of Lencastre, 5th Duke of Aveiro, in Portuguese

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ”Nobreza de Portugal e do Brasil” – Vol. II, page 345. Published by Zairol Lda., Lisbon 1989.

description: Duke of Aveiro

wikidata_label: Peter of Lencastre, 5th Duke of Aveiro

wikipedia_title: Peter of Lencastre, 5th Duke of Aveiro