text: Sultan of Delhi

text: Ghiyas -ud -Din -Tughlaq

text: Turko

text: Indian

text: Tughluq dynasty

text: New Delhi

text: Raja

text: Dipalpur

text: Deccan

text: Prataparudra

text: Kakatiya dynasty

text: Warangal

text: Delhi

text: Ibn Battuta

text: Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq

text: Turkic

text: slave

text: Hindu

text: Indian

text: mother

text: Tughluq dynasty

text: Delhi Sultanate

text: philanthropist

text: hospital

text: Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq

text: Mongols

text: Delhi

text: Daulatabad

text: Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq

text: Tughlaq dynasty

text: Delhi

text: Khalji

text: Warangal

text: Telangana

text: Madurai

text: Tamil Nadu

text: Karnataka

text: wazir

text: Daulatabad

text: Maharashtra

text: Deccan region

text: Mongol invasions

text: Daulatabad

text: Ibn Batuta

text: Ziauddin Barani

text: khanqah

text: sufi

text: ulema

text: bubonic plague

text: Bidar

text: Bengal

text: Delhi

text: Genghis Khan

text: Chagatai Khanate

text: Turkistan

text: Transoxiana

text: Hulagu Khan

text: Iran

text: Iraq

text: Tarmashirin

text: Barani

text: Kullu

text: Kangra

text: Himachal Pradesh

text: Badauni

text: Ferishta

text: Himalayas

text: Himachal

text: Hindu

text: Katoch

text: Kangra

text: Thatta

text: Sindh

text: Sindh

text: Hammir Singh

text: Harihara

text: Bukka

text: Hammir Singh

text: Rajputana

text: Harihara

text: Bukka

text: Vijayanagara Empire

text: Musunuri Kaapaaneedu

text: Bahmani kingdom

text: Ishwari Prasad

text: Deogiri

text: coins

text: brass

text: copper

text: gold

text: silver

text: Ziauddin Barani

text: Hindu

text: muqaddam

text: Satish Chandra

text: Ibn Battuta

text: Delhi

text: Yuan Emperor

text: Sambhal

text: jizya

text: Firuz Shah Tughlaq

text: British

text: nubuwwah

text: Sufi

text: Nizamuddin Auliya

text: Nizamuddin Dargah

text: Ibn Battuta

text: play

text: Girish Karnad

text: Muhammad bin Tughluq

text: Tamil

text: Cho Ramaswamy

text: Upanishad Ganga

categories: People from Thatta District,14th-century Turkic people,14th-century Indian monarchs,Indian Muslims,1300 births,1351 deaths,Tughluq sultans

paragraph: Muhammad bin Tughluq

paragraph: Muhammad bin Tughluq (also Prince Fakhr Malik, Jauna Khan, Ulugh Khan; died 20 March 1351) was the Sultan of Delhi from 1325 to 1351. He was the eldest son of Ghiyas -ud -Din -Tughlaq, the Turko-Indian founder of the Tughluq dynasty. He was born in New Delhi. His wife was the daughter of the Raja of Dipalpur. Ghiyas-ud-din sent the young Muhammad to the Deccan to campaign against king Prataparudra of the Kakatiya dynasty whose capital was at Warangal in 1321 and 1323. Muhammad ascended to the Delhi throne upon his father's death in 1325.

paragraph: He was interested in medicine and was skilled in several languages — Persian, Arabic, Turkish and Sanskrit. Ibn Battuta, the famous traveler and jurist from Morocco, was a guest at his court and wrote about his suzerainty in his book. From his accession to the throne in 1325 until his death in 1351, Muhammad contended with 22 rebellions, pursuing his policies, consistently and ruthlessly.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Muhammad bin Tughluq was born to Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq, who was in turn the son of a Turkic slave father and a Hindu Indian concubine mother, and was the founder of the Tughluq dynasty after taking control of the Delhi Sultanate. His mother was known by the title Makhduma-i-Jahan, who was known for being a philanthropist, having founded many hospitals.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: Muhammad Bin Tughlaq (Jauna Khan) came to throne after death of his father Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq. While he had good intentions of inviting learned men to his court and implementing new policies, he remained largely unsuccessful and failed in most of his enterprises. He had been a man of controversies and crisis. He faced attacks of Mongols, dissension within his own support group, and rebellions from a very large and diverse population. In an effort to adapt to his growing empire, he attempted to shift his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad, which was supposed to be a more central location, but it was a disastrous decision and was costly.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.:Annexation.

paragraph: After the death of his father Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, Muhammad bin Tughlaq ascended the throne of Tughlaq dynasty of Delhi in February, 1325 A.D. Unlike the Khaljis who did not annex stable kingdoms, Tughluq would annex kingdoms around his sultanate. In his reign, he conquered Warangal (in present-day Telangana, India) Malabar and Madurai, (Tamil Nadu, India), and areas up to the modern day southern tip of the Indian state of Karnataka. In the conquered territories, Tughluq created a new set of revenue officials to assess the financial aspects of the area. Their accounts helped the audit in the office of the "wazir".

paragraph: Section::::Reign.:Moving of Capital.

paragraph: In 1327, Tughluq passed an order to move his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad (in present-day Maharashtra) in the Deccan region of India. Tughluq said that it would help him to establish control over the fertile land of the Deccan plateau and to create a more accessible capital since his empire had grown more in the south. He also felt that it would make him safe from the Mongol invasions which were mainly aimed at Delhi and regions in north India. It was not always possible to operate an army from Delhi for the occupation of Southern states. Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq himself had spent a number of years as a prince on campaign in the southern states during the reign of his father. Daulatabad was also situated at a central place so the administration of both the north and the south could be possible.

paragraph: All facilities were provided for those who were required to migrate to Daulatabad. It is believed that the general public of Delhi was not in favour of shifting the base to Daulatabad. This seems to have annoyed Tughluq, for he ordered all people of Delhi to proceed to Daulatabad with their belongings. Ibn Batuta cites that the force was applied without any leniency. Ziauddin Barani observes: ""Without consultation or weighting the pros and cons, he brought ruin on Delhi which for 170 to 180 years had grown in prosperity and rivaled Baghdad and Cairo. The city with its Sarais and suburbs and villages spread over four or five leagues, all was destroyed (i.e., deserted). Not a cat or a dog was left"."

paragraph: A broad road was constructed for convenience. Shady trees were planted on both sides of the road; he set up halting stations at an interval of two miles. Provisions for food and water were also made available at the stations. Tughluq established a khanqah at each of the station where at least one sufi saint was stationed. A regular postal service was established between Delhi and Daulatabad. In 1329, his mother also went to Daulatabad, accompanied by the nobles. By around the same year, Tughluq summoned all the slaves, nobles, servants, ulema, sufis to the new capital. The new capital was divided into wards called "mohalla" with separate quarters for different people like soldiers, poets, judges, nobles. Grants were also given by Tughluq to the immigrants. Even though the citizens migrated, they showed dissent. In the process, many died on the road due to hunger and exhaustion. Moreover, coins minted in Daulatabad around 1333, showed that Daulatabad h

paragraph: was "the second capital".

paragraph: However, in 1334 there was a rebellion in Mabar. While on his way to suppress the rebellion, there was an outbreak of bubonic plague at Bidar due to which Tughluq himself became ill, and many of his soldiers died. While he retreated back to Daulatabad, Mabar and Dwarsamudra broke away from Tughluq control. This was followed by a revolt in Bengal. Fearing that the sultanate's northern borders were exposed to attacks, in 1335, he decided to shift the capital back to Delhi, allowing the citizens to return to their previous city.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Impact of the Change of Capital:

paragraph: While most of the Medieval historians, including Barani and Ibn Battuta, tend to have implied that Delhi was entirely emptied (as is famously mentioned by Barani that not a dog or cat was left), it is generally believed that this is just an exaggeration. Such exaggerated accounts simply imply that Delhi suffered a downfall in its stature and trade. Besides, it is believed that only the powerful and nobility suffered hardships, if any. Two Sanskrit inscriptions dated 1327 and 1328 A.D. confirm this view and establish the prosperity of the Hindus of Delhi and its vicinity at that time.

paragraph: The Deccan experiment did however succeed in breaking down barriers. The boundaries which had separated the North from the South broke down. It is true that the extension of the administrative power of the Delhi Sultanate into the Deccan failed, but so far as the extension of the cultural institutions was concerned, it was successful.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.:Failed expeditions.

paragraph: After the death of Genghis Khan, one line of his descendants, the Chagatai Khanate, ruled over Turkistan and Transoxiana and another branch of Hulagu Khan conquered present day Iran and Iraq. However, at the time of Tughluq, both of the dynasties were on the downfall, with conditions in Transoxiana unstable after the death of Tarmashirin. He was ambitious of annexing these kingdoms. He invited nobles and leaders from these regions and gave them grants. Partly with their help and partly from his own kingdom, Tughluq raised an army of possibly up to three million and seven hundred thousand soldiers in 1329. Barani has written that Tughluq took no step to check the ability of the soldiers or the brand of horses. They were paid in one year advance, and after being kept idle for one year, Tughluq found it difficult to pay them. Therefore, he decided to disperse and dissolve the soldiers in 1329.

paragraph: In 1333, muhammad bin Tughluq led the Qarachil expedition to the Kullu-Kangra region of modern-day Himachal Pradesh in India. Historians like Badauni and Ferishta wrote that Tughluq originally wanted to cross the Himalayas and invade China. However, he faced local resistance in Himachal. His army was not able to fight in the hills and was defeated by the Hindu Katoch kingdom of Kangra, nearly all his 10,000 soldiers perished and he was forced to retreat.

paragraph: Section::::Collapse of the empire.

paragraph: Tughluq died in 1351 on his way to Thatta, Sindh while campaigning in Sindh against taghi,a turkish slave tribe. He had lived to see his empire fall apart. It was during his reign that Turkish empire of Delhi collapsed by twofold resistance. One was from rajputs led by Hammir Singh of Mewar, and the other from Harihara and Bukka of South India. All these three warriors were able to inflict humiliating defeats on the Sultanate army and crush the empire. While Rana Hammir Singh liberated the strategic Rajputana, Harihara and Bukka established a new empire called Vijayanagara Empire, by initially defeating and later ending Madurai Sultanate that was ruling a major part of South India on behalf of Delhi Sultanate, thereby reviving the prosperity of Sangam era in South India. Several other south Indian rulers like Musunuri Kaapaaneedu, etc. also contributed to the downfall of the Turkish Sultanate of Delhi. To add to Tughluq's woes, his own generals rebelled against him. One of his generals would go on to form the Bahmani kingdom in the Deccan.. Though Sultan dynasties that arose after Thugluq campaigned outside Delhi all ruled northern India stretching into modern day Pakistan and Afghanistan.

paragraph: Section::::Coins.

paragraph: Historian Ishwari Prasad writes that different coins of different shapes and sizes were produced by his mints which lacked the artistic perfection of design and finish. In 1330, after his failed expedition to Deogiri, he issued token currency; that is coins of brass and copper were minted whose value was equal to that of gold and silver coins. Historian Ziauddin Barani felt that this step was taken by Tughluq as he wanted to annex all the inhabited areas of the world for which a treasury was required to pay the army. Barani had also written that the sultan's treasury had been exhausted by his action of giving rewards and gifts in gold. This experiment failed, because, as said by Barani, ""the house of every" Hindu "became a mint"". During his time, most of the Hindu citizens were goldsmiths and hence they knew how to make coins. In the rural areas, officials like the "muqaddams" paid the revenue in brass and copper coins and also used the same coins to purchase arms and horses. As a result, the value of coins decreased and, as said by Satish Chandra, the coins became ""as worthless as stones"". This also disrupted the trade and commerce. The token currency had inscriptions marking the use of new coins instead of the royal seal and so the citizens could not distinguish between the official and the forged coins. Records show that the use of token currency has stopped in 1333 as Ibn Battuta who came to Delhi in 1334 and wrote a journal made no mention of this currency.

paragraph: Section::::Religious policy.

paragraph: Ibn Battuta mentions that the king of China (the Yuan Emperor) had sent an embassy to Muhammad for reconstruction of a sacked temple at Sambhal. The envoys were however denied with the statement that only those living in a Muslim territory who paid the "jizya" could be permitted to restore a temple. Firuz Shah Tughlaq had claimed that before his rule, idol-temples had been permitted to be rebuilt contrary to the Sharia.

paragraph: Section::::Personality.

paragraph: Tughluq was a strict Muslim, maintaining his five prayers during a day, used to fast in Ramadan. According to 19th Century CE British historian Stanley Lane-Poole, apparently courtesans had hailed Tughluq as a "man of knowledge" and had interest in subjects like philosophy, medicine, mathematics, religion, Persian and Urdu/Hindustani poetry. In his ""Medieval India"", "He was perfect in the humanities of his day, a keen student of Persian poetry...a master of style, supremely eloquent in an age of rhetoric, a philosopher trained in Logic and Greek metaphysics, with whom scholars feared to argue, a mathematician and lover of science." Barani has written that Tughluq wanted the traditions of the "nubuwwah" to be followed in his kingdom. Even though he did not believe in mysticism, Chandra states that he respected the Sufi saints, which is evident from the fact of his building of the mausoleum of the saint Nizamuddin Auliya at Nizamuddin Dargah. Critics have called him hasty in nature, owing to most of his experiments failing due to lack of preparation. Ibn Battuta has also written that he depended on his own judgement and rarely took advice from others and has also criticized him for his giving of excessive gifts and "harsh punishments". He was famous because whenever a gift was bestowed upon him, he would give gifts worth three times the value to show his stature.

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: BULLET::::- A play was made on him by Girish Karnad.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Muhammad bin Tughluq (1971) is the title of a satirical film in Tamil based on a play of the same name by Cho Ramaswamy.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Doordarshan presented an episode with Muhammad bin Tughluq as a character in its series, Upanishad Ganga

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Encyclopædia Britannica – Muhammad ibn Tughluq

alias:
Muhammd bin Tughluq
Prince Fakhr Malik
Jauna Khan

description: 18th Sultan of the Delhi Sultanate and 2nd from the Tughluq dynasty

enwikiquote_title: Muhammad bin Tughluq

wikidata_label: Muhammad bin Tughluq

wikipedia_title: Muhammad bin Tughluq


categories: 1912 births,Egyptian male film actors,1985 deaths

paragraph: Mahmoud Shokoko

paragraph: Mahmoud Shokoko (; 1 May 1912 – 12 February 1985) was an Egyptian actor and artist. He is best known for his puppet character "Aragouzsho".

paragraph: Section::::Early days.

paragraph: “Mahmoud Shokoko", whose real name is "Mahmoud Ibrahim Ismail Musa" (), was born on May 1, 1912. He began his working career as a carpenter with his father and remained working with him until the age of twenty-three.

paragraph: Shokoko joined up with some acting troupes army on irak that performed at the coffee shops facing his father’s workshop while he had free time. What initially began as a hobby turned into a passion, and “Shokoko” began performing at weddings as well as in other troupes such as "Hassan 2 Al-Maghrabi and “Mohammed 6 " And where he began to gain some fame of the world.

paragraph: Though he was illiterate, “Shokoko” was able to have a huge impact on the world of acting, and will always be remembered for his puppet character of “Aragouzsho" who is still taught at the Music Institute and the Institute of Acting today.

paragraph: Section::::Career highlights.

paragraph: His first movie, "Al-Sabr Tayeb", was released on June 13, 1959 and brought him into the mainstream.

paragraph: He was a subject of a Google doodle for Google Middle East on 1 May 2014.

description: Egyptian actor

wikidata_label: Mahmoud Shokoko

wikipedia_title: Mahmoud Shokoko


text:
Schrobenhausen
chess
Stuttgart
Women's World Chess Championship
Buenos Aires
Vera Menchik
World War II
Plovdiv
Kira Zvorykina
Vrnjacka Banja
Nona Gaprindashvili
1st Olympiad
Emmen
Split
Oberhausen

categories: 2001 deaths,Chess woman International Masters,German chess players,1905 births

paragraph: Friedl Rinder

paragraph: Friedl Rinder (née Benzinger) (November 20, 1905, in Schrobenhausen – June 3, 2001) was a German woman chess master.

paragraph: Rinder won the 1st Women's German championship at Stuttgart 1939. She took 4th place in the 7th Women's World Chess Championship (scoring 15/19) at Buenos Aires 1939 (Vera Menchik won).

paragraph: After World War II, she won the women's national (West German) championship four times (1949, 1955, 1956 and 1959). She tied for 12–13th in Candidates Tournament at Plovdiv 1959 (Kira Zvorykina won), and tied for 15–16th in Candidates Tournament at Vrnjacka Banja 1961 (Nona Gaprindashvili won).

paragraph: She played thrice for West Germany at first board in Women's Chess Olympiad:

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1st Olympiad at Emmen 1957 (+5 –4 =5);

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2nd Olympiad at Split 1963 (+4 –3 =4);

paragraph: BULLET::::- 3rd Olympiad at Oberhausen 1966 (+1 –5 =4).

paragraph: Rinder was awarded the WIM title in 1957. She had a son, Gerd (who played chess to a good level and was Bavarian Champion in 1960) and a daughter. Prior to her marriage, she studied singing and the piano.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Diel, Alfred (1977). "Schach in Deutschland", p. 167

description: German chess player

wikidata_label: Friedl Rinder

wikipedia_title: Friedl Rinder


text:
English
Bury St Edmunds
Suffolk
anti-Semitism
Jews
hagiography
English Reformation
English
saints
blood libel
William of Norwich
Good Friday
martyr
cult
Jocelin de Brakelond
John Lydgate
William of Norwich
Edmund the Martyr
Harold
Samson of Tottington
Palm Sunday
William of Norwich
Harold of Gloucester
Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln
Andreas Oxner
Werner of Oberwesel
Simon of Trent

categories: 1181 deaths,Murdered English children,People from Bury St Edmunds,Blood libel,12th-century Christian saints,12th-century births,English Roman Catholic saints,Jewish English history,Roman Catholic child saints,People murdered in England,Medieval English saints,12th-century Roman Catholic martyrs

paragraph: Robert of Bury

paragraph: Saint Robert of Bury (died 1181) was an English boy, allegedly murdered and found in the town of Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk in 1181. His death at a time of rising anti-Semitism was blamed on local Jews. Though a hagiography of Robert was written, no copies are known, so the story of his life is now unknown beyond the few fragmentary references to it that survive. His cult continued until the English Reformation.

paragraph: Robert of Bury joined a small group of 12th century English saints of strikingly similar characteristics: all young boys, all mysteriously found dead and all hailed as martyrs to alleged anti-Christian practices among Jews. Contemporary assumptions made about the circumstances of their deaths are typical of blood libel. The first of these was William of Norwich (d.1144), whose death and cult were probably an influence on the story that grew up around the death of Robert.

paragraph: Section::::Cult.

paragraph: Tradition states that Robert was kidnapped and then killed on Good Friday 1181. By the 1190s Robert had become the focus of a martyr cult. Jocelin de Brakelond, a monk of Bury St. Edmunds, later wrote a chronicle covering this period. He also mentions writing a book about the life and miracles performed by the boy saint, but this book has not survived.

paragraph: Information about the circumstances of his death remains unclear. John of Taxster is the source for the date. Jocelyn's surviving account, in his history of the abbey of Bury, says only "the saintly boy Robert was murdered and buried in our church; many signs and wonders were performed among the people as I have recorded elsewhere." Another record merely states that he was "martyred" at Easter by Jews. A later record refers to him as "a boy crucified by the Jews".

paragraph: John Lydgate wrote a poem entitled "Prayer for St. Robert", which implies that the story of his death closely mirrored that of William of Norwich, in which Jews are supposed to have kidnapped the child with the help of a Judas-like Christian accomplice, tortured and then crucified him over Easter in a parody of Jesus's death. Lydgate says he was "scourged and nailed to a tree". An illustration to a Latin prayer to Robert depicts him lying dead in a ditch beside a tree, with an archer nearby shooting an arrow upwards, illuminated by a giant sun. Another image shows a woman holding the child over a well with the inscription "the old woman wished, but was not able, to hide the light of God". This may be the "nurse" obliquely mentioned in Lydgate's poem, possibly the Christian accomplice. Alternatively, she may be a Jewish woman trying to hide the body after the murder.

paragraph: Nothing more is known about the supposed events surrounding his death, or about Robert's identity, life or family.

paragraph: Section::::Significance.

paragraph: Historian Robert Bale argues that the cult of Robert arose because of the influence of the nearby cult of William of Norwich. Though Bury St Edmunds already held the tomb of St. Edmund the Martyr, after which the town is named, the cult of William was a rival, so a local boy-martyr was desirable if the abbey was to retain its pilgrims. According to historian Joe Hillaby, the death of a boy called Harold in Gloucester in 1168 had already established that William's death could be used as a template for later unexplained deaths of male children occurring around Easter. It "established a pattern quickly taken up elsewhere. Within three years the first ritual murder charge was made in France."

paragraph: Bale, referring to the research of Hillaby, suggests that the cult was promoted at a time when the abbey at Norwich was attempting to assert authority over Bury. He argues that Samson of Tottington, Abbot of Bury from 1182 to 1211, decided that the town needed the cult to preserve its independence. It may have also been linked to local political rivalries, as Samson was trying to undermine his rival William the Sacrist who had business links with the town's Jews.

paragraph: The cult of Robert may have served as a contributing factor in the later violent attack upon the Jews of Bury St Edmunds on Palm Sunday 1190, in which fifty-seven were killed. The whole surviving Jewish community was immediately thereafter expelled from the town by order of Abbot Samson. According to Bale, the cult may have paved the way for the expulsion, "demonising the Jews for the practical purpose of their removal", but not enough is known about its early history to be sure that it did not develop as a retrospective justification for the expulsion.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: See also the articles of other children whose deaths in medieval times gave rise to the persecution of the Jews:

paragraph: BULLET::::- William of Norwich

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harold of Gloucester

paragraph: BULLET::::- Little Saint Hugh of Lincoln

paragraph: BULLET::::- Andreas Oxner

paragraph: BULLET::::- Werner of Oberwesel

paragraph: BULLET::::- Simon of Trent

description: English saint

wikidata_label: Robert of Bury

wikipedia_title: Robert of Bury


text:
Hämeenlinna
Gothenburg
Melodic Death Metal
Nightrage
Armageddon
Swedish
Melodic Death Metal
Arch Enemy
Christopher Amott
Armageddon
Wearing A Martyr's Crown
Tomas Lindberg
Amaranthe
ProgPower
Atlanta, Georgia
Rusted Eyes Awake
Landmine Marathon
Rising Pain
Neverborne
AfterBlood
Tom Angelripper
Dead By Wednesday
The Outsider
Nightrage
Metal Hammer
Magazine
Greece
Metallica
Nightrage
Wearing A Martyr's Crown
Vengeance Descending
Insidious
Apathy's Throne EP
Meridian Dawn
The Mixtape EP
Armageddon
Crossing the Rubicon (Revisited)
Lakewind Whispers EP
Daughter Chaos EP
Antony Hämäläinen Official Facebook

categories: Finnish male singers,1980 births,Finnish expatriates in the United States,Finnish heavy metal singers,21st-century Finnish singers,People from Hämeenlinna,Nightrage members,Living people

paragraph: Antony Hämäläinen

paragraph: Antony Hämäläinen (born August 28, 1980, in Hämeenlinna, Finland), is a Finnish musician and composer living in the United States.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: In the early 1990s, he started playing bass, drums, and singing for multiple bands based both in the USA and Finland.

paragraph: September 2007, Hämäläinen joined the Gothenburg based Melodic Death Metal band Nightrage.

paragraph: In 2015, Armageddon the Swedish Melodic Death Metal band led by former Arch Enemy guitarist Christopher Amott announced him as their permanent vocalist.

paragraph: As of January, 2019 Armageddon has reformed under the name Daughter Chaos. With Hämäläinen taking his original position as vocalist for the band also singing a deal with Seeing Red Records for their upcoming EP.

paragraph: He occasionally provides guest vocals for bands ranging in all genres of extreme metal both live, and in studio.

paragraph: Section::::Style.

paragraph: In reference to his work on the Nightrage album Wearing A Martyr's Crown, Sputnikmusic wrote ""Hämäläinen, from Finland, who has a lot of vocal similarities to Tomas Lindberg, which brings back a resemblance to their original sound from their first two albums". Added to his clean vocals "he can still maintain a melodic edge, but he only does it every now and again within the album; he only does it for the purpose of giving some of the songs a musical edge so the listener doesn’t fall asleep thinking that the only new addition of style is just a higher use of acoustic guitars.""

paragraph: Section::::Live session.

paragraph: Amaranthe - Vocals, Live September 14, 2012 at ProgPower USA XIII, Atlanta, Georgia, United States

paragraph: Section::::Guest Recording Appearances.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rusted Eyes Awake" (2008) by Landmine Marathon - guest vocals on "Bled To Oblivion"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Essence of Decay" (2009) by Rising Pain - guest vocals on "Feel Less Alive" and "Am I Awake"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Self Destruct Syndrome" (2011) by Neverborne - guest vocals on "Mechanical Ruin"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Of Unsound Minds" (2012) by AfterBlood (feat. Tom Angelripper) - guest vocals on "The More I Lie"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Darkest Of Angels" (2016) by Dead By Wednesday - Vocals on "Defining Fire"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Outsider" (2016) by The Outsider - Vocals on "The Race That Failed"

paragraph: Section::::Compilation.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Holier Than Thou" by Nightrage for Metal Hammer Magazine Greece "And Coverz for All - A Greek Tribute to Metallica" - Vocals

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With Nightrage.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wearing A Martyr's Crown" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vengeance Descending" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Insidious" (2011)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With Nervosia.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Apathy's Throne EP" (2011)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With Meridian Dawn.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Mixtape EP" (2014)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With Armageddon.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Crossing the Rubicon (Revisited)" (2016)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With Nordjärvi.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lakewind Whispers EP" (2017)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With Daughter Chaos.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Daughter Chaos EP" (2019)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Antony Hämäläinen Official Facebook

description: Finnish singer

wikidata_label: Antony Hämäläinen

wikipedia_title: Antony Hämäläinen


text: Rear Admiral

text: British

text: Whig

text: George Hay, 7th Marquess of Tweeddale

text: HMS "Monarch"

text: HMS "Seahorse"

text: Mediterranean

text: cutting-out expedition

text: Hyères

text: lieutenant

text: HMS "Pique"

text: West Indies

text: HMS "Venerable"

text: commander

text: HMS "Bustard"

text: Lisbon

text: HMS "Opossum"

text: Channel

text: North America

text: post-captain

text: Deputy Lieutenant

text: East Lothian

text: Member of Parliament

text: Haddingtonshire

text: frigate

text: HMS "Castor"

text: telescope

text: HMS "Phoenix"

text: HMS "North Star"

text: commodore

text: First Carlist War

text: Bilbao

text: Companion of the Bath

text: Order of Charles III

text: HMS "Warspite"

text: West Indies

text: Lord Ashburton

text: Webster-Ashburton Treaty

text: Woolwich Dockyard

text: Windsor

text: Fourth Naval Lord

text: Third Naval Lord

text: Sir William Symonds

text: Surveyor of the Navy

text: Sir Baldwin Walker

text: Devonport Dockyard

text: Steward of the Manor of Northstead

text: rear admiral

text: HMS "St George"

text: Donald Cameron, 23rd Lochiel

categories: Companions of the Order of the Bath,1793 births,1851 deaths,Younger sons of marquesses,Military personnel of the First Carlist War,UK MPs 1847–1852,Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies,Royal Navy admirals,UK MPs 1826–1830,Deputy Lieutenants of East Lothian,Scottish Liberal Party MPs,Lords of the Admiralty,Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Scottish constituencies

paragraph: Lord John Hay (Royal Navy officer, born 1793)

paragraph: Rear Admiral Lord John Hay, (1 April 1793 – 9 September 1851) was a British naval officer and Whig politician.

paragraph: Section::::Naval career.

paragraph: The third son of George Hay, 7th Marquess of Tweeddale, Hay entered the Navy in December 1804, appearing on the books of HMS "Monarch". However, this was probably a nominal enrollment to increase his seniority. Hay's first real service was probably aboard HMS "Seahorse", beginning in December 1806. He saw considerable action aboard "Seahorse" (42) on the Mediterranean station, under Captain John Stewart, losing his left arm on a cutting-out expedition in Hyères Bay in 1807. Hay was present during the "Seahorse"'s epic fight, on 5 July 1808, with the "Badere Zaffer" (52) and "Alis Fezan" (24), which ended with the capture of the "Badere Zaffer" and the sinking of the "Alis Fezan".

paragraph: He was promoted lieutenant on 1 May 1812, and was appointed to HMS "Pique", going to the West Indies station, on 1 June. He transferred to HMS "Venerable" on 31 May 1814 and was promoted commander on 15 June. On 15 November, Hay joined HMS "Bustard", off Lisbon, and was given command of the sloop HMS "Opossum" in 1815. "Opossum" served in the Channel and on the North American station until paid off on 5 August 1818. He was made a post-captain on 7 December. On 23 July 1823, he was appointed a Deputy Lieutenant of East Lothian.

paragraph: In 1826, he was returned as Member of Parliament for Haddingtonshire. However, due to his Whig connections, he was unable to obtain another command until 24 December 1832, when he was given the new frigate HMS "Castor". In 1833, he received a medal from the Society for the Encouragement of the Arts for inventing a telescope-holder that could be used by a one-handed man. On 19 November 1836, he was transferred to the paddle sloop HMS "Phoenix", and on 8 March 1837 to HMS "North Star", which he commanded until 1840.

paragraph: During much of this time, Hay acted as commodore of a squadron off the northern coast of Spain, with a naval brigade providing support for the Spanish government during the First Carlist War. For his actions during the war, particularly in helping to defend Bilbao, he was made a Companion of the Bath and received the Grand Cross of the Order of Charles III. After the war, Hay commanded HMS "Warspite" on the North American and West Indies station from 17 August 1841 to October 1845. It was "Warspite" which, in 1842, carried Lord Ashburton to American to negotiate the Webster-Ashburton Treaty. After briefly serving as superintendent of Woolwich Dockyard, Hay was returned as Member of Parliament for Windsor in 1847. He was also appointed Fourth Naval Lord in 1846 and Third Naval Lord in 1847.

paragraph: Hay chaired the "Committee of Reference" that resulted in the retirement of Sir William Symonds as Surveyor of the Navy. However, Hay's own attempts at directing steam warship design, despite his interest in the subject, proved unsuccessful. The committee was disbanded, design placed in the hands of Symonds' successor, Sir Baldwin Walker, and Hay removed from the Board and made superintendent of Devonport Dockyard on 9 February 1850. Hay also resigned from Parliament by becoming Steward of the Manor of Northstead at this time. He was promoted rear admiral on 7 September 1851, hoisting his flag aboard HMS "St George", but died two days later.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: In 1846, Hay married Mary Anne Cameron (died 30 November 1850), daughter of Donald Cameron, 23rd Lochiel: they had no children.

description: British navy officer and politician born 1793

wikidata_label: John Hay


text:
alternative rock
Manic Street Preachers
Pontypool
Torfaen
Oakdale
Blackwood
James Dean Bradfield
Nicky Wire
Richey Edwards
Nürburgring
Audi RS 4
Rock am Ring
Michael Schumacher
Liverpool Football Club

categories: People educated at Oakdale Comprehensive School,People from Blackwood, Caerphilly,Alternative rock drummers,People from Pontypool,Welsh socialists,1968 births,Welsh drummers,Living people,Manic Street Preachers members

paragraph: Sean Moore (musician)

paragraph: Sean Anthony Moore (born 30 July 1968) is a Welsh musician, who is the drummer and percussionist and occasional trumpet player of the Welsh alternative rock band Manic Street Preachers.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Born on 30 July 1968 in Pontypool, Torfaen, he attended Oakdale Comprehensive near Blackwood with his cousin James Dean Bradfield, and other future band members Nicky Wire and Richey Edwards.

paragraph: Section::::Roles in the band.

paragraph: To quote the Manic Street Preachers biography by Simon Price 'Everything (A Book About Manic Street Preachers)', "Sean Moore is quite possibly the only person in rock who doesn't take the Manics seriously". He is the quietest of the Manics, but according to his bandmates their "musical driving force". In their early days, he was often mistaken for a girl due to his long hair, naturally effeminate features (as opposed to Nicky Wire and Richey Edwards' arguably more forced androgynism) and small stature. He is the only current member of the Manic Street Preachers who has not released a solo album.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Moore has been married to Rhian since 2000 and they have 3 children. Sean is an only child. His cousin is James Dean Bradfield.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.:Driving And football.

paragraph: Moore also has a strong interest in motoring, and set the 22nd fastest lap time around the Nürburgring, Germany, in an Audi RS 4 in 8 minutes 25 seconds. Manics singer James Dean Bradfield mentioned this before playing "Motown Junk" as part of the annual Rock am Ring festival at the track. Moore is a fan of Michael Schumacher.

paragraph: Sean supports Liverpool Football Club and was present when Liverpool won the first FA Cup Final to be held at the Millennium Stadium, Cardiff in May 2001.

description: British musician

wikidata_label: Sean Moore

wikipedia_title: Sean Moore (musician)


text:
Swedish
Scylfings
Ynglingatal
Historia Norwegiae
Ynglinga saga
Ohthere
Eadgils
þeōw
Old English
epic
Beowulf
Eofor
Wulf Wonreding
Geat
Hæþcyn
hill fort
Hrefnesholt
Geats
Hygelac
Widsith
Ari Þorgilsson
Íslendingabók
Historia Norwegiae
Vendel
Snorri Sturluson
Ohthere
Aun
thrall
treasury
Fróði
Danish
Gamla Uppsala
Historia Norwegiæ
Íslendingabók
Óttarr
boar
Old Norse
Old English
Proto-Norse
Gothic
Ongendus
Alcuin
Willibrord
Ynglingatal
Ynglinga saga
Heimskringla
Historia Norwegiae
Beowulf
Widsith
Íslendingabók

categories: Characters in Beowulf,Semi-legendary kings of Sweden,6th-century monarchs in Europe,515 deaths,English heroic legends

paragraph: Ongentheow

paragraph: Ongentheow (Old English: "Ongenþeow", "Ongenþio", "Ongendþeow"; Swedish: "Angantyr") (died ca. 515) was the name of a semi-legendary Swedish king of the house of Scylfings, who appears in Old English sources.

paragraph: He is generally identified with the Swedish king Egil Vendelcrow mentioned in "Ynglingatal", "Historia Norwegiae" and in "Ynglinga saga".

paragraph: The reason why they are thought to have been the same is that each has the same position in the line of Swedish kings and is described as the father of Ohthere and grandfather of Eadgils.

paragraph: The name Ongentheow contains as its second element "þeōw" "servant, slave". The first appears to be "ongēan" "against, opposite".

paragraph: Section::::Old English sources.

paragraph: In the Old English epic "Beowulf" Ongentheow is described as a fearsome warrior and it took two warriors Eofor and Wulf Wonreding to take him down.

paragraph: The epic tells that the Geats under their new king Hæþcyn captured the Swedish queen, but old king Ongenþeow saved her, at a hill fort called Hrefnesholt, although they lost her gold. Ongentheow killed Hæþcyn, and besieged the Geats at Hrefnesholt. The Geats were, however, rescued by Hygelac, Hæþcyn's brother, who arrived the next day with reinforcements. Having lost the battle, but rescued his queen, Ongenþeow and his warriors returned home.

paragraph: However, the war was not over. Hygelac, the new king of the Geats, attacked the Swedes. The Geatish warriors Eofor and Wulf fought together against the hoary king Ongenþeow. Wulf hit Ongentheow's head with his sword so that the old king bled over his hair, but the king hit back and wounded Wulf. Then, Eofor retaliated by cutting through the Swedish king's shield and through his helmet, giving Ongentheow a death-blow. Eofor took the Swedish king's helmet, sword and breastplate and carried them to Hygelac. When they came home, Eofor and Wulf were richly awarded, and Eofor was given Hygelac's daughter. Because of this battle, Hygelac is referred to as Ongentheow's slayer.

paragraph: Ongentheow is also mentioned in passing by the earlier poem "Widsith" as the king of Sweden:

paragraph: Section::::Egil.

paragraph: In Ari Þorgilsson's "Íslendingabók" and in "Historia Norwegiae", he was called Egil Vendelcrow ("Vendilcraca"/"Vendilkráka", a name traditionally given to those living at the royal estate of Vendel in Sweden). Snorri Sturluson, however, gave the name Vendelcrow to Egil's son Ottar (Ohthere). In these sources, Egil was the son of Aun the Old, and like him, not very warlike. After he had made the thrall Tunni (or "Tonne") responsible for the treasury, Tunni rebelled against Egil. They fought eight battles after which Egil fled to Denmark, according to the "Ynglinga saga" ("Ynglingatal" does not mention where he fled and "Historia Norwegiae" does not mention any escape at all). Snorri wrote that Fróði, the Danish king, aided Egil in defeating Tunni, and made Egil a tributary to the Danish king.

paragraph: Egil was killed by a bull during the sacrifices at Gamla Uppsala.

paragraph: The "Historia Norwegiæ" presents a Latin summary of "Ynglingatal", older than Snorri's quotation:

paragraph: The even earlier source "Íslendingabók" also cites the line of descent in "Ynglingatal" and it also gives Egil as the successor of Aunn and the predecessor of Óttarr: "xvi Aun inn gamli. xvii Egill Vendilkráka. xviii Óttarr".

paragraph: Section::::Interpretation.

paragraph: The argument for connection between Ongenþeow and Egil being the same figure are as follows. It is important, though, to note that this is an interpretation of the facts and not definite proof of a connection.

paragraph: The two versions seem contradictory, but it has been shown that the two stories may very well describe the same event (Schück H. 1907, Nerman B. 1925), and that "Ynglingatal" was probably misinterpreted by Snorri due to a different dialectal meaning of the word "farra". In Ynglingatal, it says

paragraph: If there is any authenticity behind the traditions, the origin of Ynglingatal was most probably a Swedish poem which has not survived (see also Sundquist 2004). In Old Swedish, "farra" did not mean "bull" but it meant "boar" (cf. English "farrow" meaning "young pig"). Moreover, in Old Norse "Trjóna" normally meant a pig's snout (modern Scandinavian "tryne"). "Flæmingr" meant "sword" (originally a Flemish sword imported by Vikings).

paragraph: Moreover, the "sword of the snout" can hardly refer to the horns of a bull, but it is more natural to interpret it as the tusks of a boar. In English, the lines can be translated as "but the giant beast coloured its tusk red on Egil".

paragraph: In Old English, the name "eofor" meant "boar" and consequently Ynglingatal could very well relate of Eofor (the boar) killing Egil with kennings for boars. These kennings, sung originally by Swedes, were later misinterpreted by Norwegians and Icelanders as literal expressions due to the different dialectal meanings of "farra".

paragraph: Moreover, according to Schück, the name "Tunni" which has no meaning in Old Norse should in Proto-Norse have been *"Tunþa" and derived from *"Tunþuz". Consequently, it would have been the same word as the Gothic "Tunþus" which meant "tooth". This would mean that the name of Egil's enemy, actually meant "tooth" and Tunni and the bull/boar would consequently have been the same enemy, i.e. Eofor.

paragraph: Some scholars have suggested that the name Ongentheow is connected to the Danish king Ongendus, ("fl." "c." 700) who appears in one sentence of Alcuin's life of Willibrord.

paragraph: Section::::Primary sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ynglingatal

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ynglinga saga (part of the Heimskringla)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Historia Norwegiae

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beowulf

paragraph: BULLET::::- Widsith

paragraph: BULLET::::- Íslendingabók

paragraph: Section::::Secondary sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nerman, B. "Det svenska rikets uppkomst". Stockholm, 1925.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sundquist, O. "Freyr"s offspring. Rulers and religion in ancient Svea society". (2004)

alias: Ongenþeow Egill Egil

description: semi-legendary Swedish king

wikidata_label: Ongentheow

wikipedia_title: Ongentheow


text:
Makiba monogatari
Sazae-san
Ikiteiru koheiji
Sazae's Youth

categories: 1903 births,Japanese film producers,Asian film producers,1976 deaths,Japanese film directors

paragraph: Nobuo Aoyagi

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1938: Producer of "Makiba monogatari" (), "Tale of a Pasture"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1956: "Sazae-san"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1957: "Ikiteiru koheiji"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1957: Sazae's Youth ("Sazae-san no seishun")

description: Japanese film director/producer

wikidata_label: Nobuo Aoyagi

wikipedia_title: Nobuo Aoyagi


text: Seaman

text: United States Navy

text: Medal of Honor

text: Chief

text: Master at Arms

text: Fresno, California

categories: Burials at Golden Gate National Cemetery,American military personnel of the Philippine–American War,United States Navy Medal of Honor recipients,1873 births,People from Richmond, Illinois,Non-combat recipients of the Medal of Honor,United States Navy sailors,1948 deaths

paragraph: Hugh P. Mullin

paragraph: Hugh Patrick Mullin (March 20, 1878 – June 9, 1948) was a Seaman in the United States Navy and a Medal of Honor recipient.

paragraph: Section::::Medal of Honor citation.

paragraph: Rank and organization: Seaman, U.S. Navy. Born: March 20, 1878, Richmond, Ill. Accredited to: Illinois. G.O. No.: 537, January 8, 1900.

paragraph: Citation:

paragraph: On board the U.S.S. Texas during the coaling of that vessel at Hampton Roads, Va., 11 November 1899. Jumping overboard while wearing a pair of heavy rubber boots and at great risk to himself, Mullin rescued Alfred Kosminski, apprentice, second class, who fell overboard, by supporting him until he was safely hauled from the water.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Mullin served in the Philippines and rose to the rank of Chief Master at Arms.

paragraph: He died in Fresno, California.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Medal of Honor recipients during peacetime

description: Medal of Honor recipient

wikidata_label: Hugh P. Mullin

wikipedia_title: Hugh P. Mullin


text: United States District Judge

text: Cortland

text: New York

text: Artium Baccalaureus

text: Yale University

text: New York State Senate

text: 108th New York State Legislature

text: New York state election, 1885

text: Republican

text: New York Attorney General

text: Denis O'Brien

text: William McKinley

text: Asa Wentworth Tenney

text: United States Senate

text: Supreme Court of New York

text: Brooklyn

categories: People from Cortland, New York,United States federal judges appointed by William McKinley,1848 births,People from Brooklyn,Judges of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York,1929 deaths

paragraph: Edward B. Thomas

paragraph: Edward Beers Thomas (August 4, 1848 – March 27, 1929) was a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York.

paragraph: Section::::Education and career.

paragraph: Born on August 4, 1848, in Cortland, New York, Thomas received an Artium Baccalaureus degree in 1870 from Yale University. He entered private practice in New York. He was a member of the New York State Senate from 1881 to 1885. He was elected from New York's 24th Senate District, sitting in the 105th, 106th, 107th and 108th New York State Legislatures. At the New York state election, 1885, he ran on the Republican ticket for New York Attorney General but was defeated by the incumbent Democrat Denis O'Brien.

paragraph: Section::::Federal judge.

paragraph: Thomas was nominated by President William McKinley on February 7, 1898, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Eastern District of New York vacated by Judge Asa Wentworth Tenney. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on February 15, 1898, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on December 31, 1906, due to his resignation.

paragraph: Section::::Later career and death.

paragraph: Following his resignation from the federal bench, Thomas served as a Justice of the Supreme Court of New York for the Second Judicial District from 1907 to 1918. He died on March 27, 1929, in Brooklyn, New York.

alias:
Edward Beers Thomas
Edward Thomas

description: American judge

wikidata_label: Edward B. Thomas

wikipedia_title: Edward B. Thomas


text:
Norway
Harry's Gym
Spellemannprisen
Grammys

categories: Norwegian pop singers,Living people,1981 births,21st-century women singers,Norwegian female singers,People from Etne,21st-century Norwegian singers

paragraph: Frøkedal

paragraph: Anne Lise Frøkedal known by her stage name Frøkedal is a folk-pop, singer-songwriter from Norway.

paragraph: Previously known as a member of acclaimed Norwegian bands Harry's Gym and "I Was A King", in 2015 she debuted as a solo artist.

paragraph: Releasing a series of singles and an EP in 2015, she released her debut album "Hold On Dreamer" in 2016. The album was later nominated for a Spellemannprisen - also known as the Norwegian Grammys - for best Indie Album Of The Year 2017.

paragraph: In 2017, Frøkedal announced her return with the release of singles "Stranger", and double single "LTF/Cracks".

paragraph: Frøkedal released her second album, 'How We Made It' on August 31, 2018. It received support from The 405, CLASH Magazine and The Line of Best Fit.

description: Norwegian musician

wikidata_label: Anne Lise Frøkedal

wikipedia_title: Frøkedal


text:
athlete
men's discus throw
1960 Summer Olympics

categories: Olympic athletes of the United Team of Germany,Athletes (track and field) at the 1960 Summer Olympics,1938 births,German male discus throwers,Place of birth missing (living people),Living people

paragraph: Manfred Grieser

paragraph: Manfred Grieser (born 9 May 1938) is a German athlete. He competed in the men's discus throw at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

description: German athletics competitor

wikidata_label: Manfred Grieser

wikipedia_title: Manfred Grieser


text:
American football
cornerback
Chicago Bears
National Football League
college football
LSU
Jacksonville, Florida
LSU Tigers
BYU
Chicago Bears
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
LSU Tigers bio

categories: Sportspeople from Jacksonville, Florida,LSU Tigers football players,Players of American football from Florida,1995 births,American football cornerbacks,Living people

paragraph: Kevin Toliver II

paragraph: Kevin Toliver II (born November 24, 1995) is an American football cornerback for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at LSU, and was signed by the Bears as an undrafted free agent in 2018.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Toliver attended Trinity Christian Academy in Jacksonville, Florida. In high school he played quarterback and cornerback for Trinity Christian.

paragraph: He committed to play football for the LSU Tigers on November 5, 2012, as a sophomore in high school.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: As a true freshman in 2015, Toliver played in all 12 of LSU's games, tallying 35 tackles, one interception, and five pass deflections.

paragraph: In 2016, as a sophomore, Toliver only played in seven games, missing the last five games due to a shoulder injury. In those seven games, he made 21 total tackles.

paragraph: As a junior in 2017, Toliver played in 12 of LSU's 13 games, missing only their season opener against BYU. In 12 games, he compiled 28 tackles, one interception, one sack, two forced fumbles and 10 pass deflections. On January 8, 2018, Toliver announced that he would forego his senior year in an effort to pursue a career in the NFL.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Toliver signed with the Chicago Bears as an undrafted free agent on May 10, 2018. Toliver made his first NFL start on September 30, 2018 against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and recorded 7 tackles.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- LSU Tigers bio

description: American-football player (1995-)

wikidata_label: Kevin Toliver II

wikipedia_title: Kevin Toliver II


text:
athlete
discus throw
1960 Summer Olympics
1964 Summer Olympics

categories: Olympic athletes of the United Team of Germany,2013 deaths,1935 births,German female discus throwers,Athletes (track and field) at the 1960 Summer Olympics,Place of birth missing,Athletes (track and field) at the 1964 Summer Olympics

paragraph: Doris Lorenz-Müller

paragraph: Doris Lorenz-Müller (25 February 1935 – 25 February 2013) was a German athlete. She competed in the women's discus throw at the 1960 Summer Olympics and the 1964 Summer Olympics.

description: German athletics competitor

wikidata_label: Doris Müller

wikipedia_title: Doris Lorenz-Müller


text: potter

text: Driving Creek Railway

text: New Plymouth

text: Auckland

text: Devonport

text: north shore

text: Takapuna Grammar School

text: Len Castle

text: Auckland University College

text: Coromandel

text: Driving Creek Railway

text: Treasures of the Underworld

text: Seville Expo '92

text: Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa

text: Auckland University Press

text: Dowse Art Museum

text: Driving Creek Railway

text: Yvonne Rust

text: Greymouth

text: Ralph Hotere

text: Port Chalmers

text: Vanuatu

text: Northern Arizona University

text: QEII Arts Council

text: 1988 New Year Honours

text: Works at Driving Creek Railway

text: Brian Brake

text: Helen Schamroth

text: Godwit Press

text: Gregory O'Brien

text: Auckland University Press

text: Driving Creek Railway official website

text: Cultural Icons

text: part one

text: part two

categories: People educated at Takapuna Grammar School,1935 births,New Zealand Officers of the Order of the British Empire,University of Auckland alumni,People from North Shore, New Zealand,2016 deaths,People from New Plymouth,People from Coromandel Peninsula,New Zealand potters,New Zealand artists

paragraph: Barry Brickell

paragraph: Ian Barry Brickell (26 October 1935 – 23 January 2016) was a New Zealand potter, writer, conservationist and founder of Driving Creek Railway.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born in New Plymouth in 1935, Brickell was the son of Shirley Margaret Wooler and Maurice Crawford Brickell. The family soon moved to Auckland, initially staying in Meadowbank then settling in Devonport on Auckland's north shore. While a student at Takapuna Grammar School, Brickell was introduced to potter Len Castle. He enrolled in a Bachelor of Science Degree at Auckland University College in 1954, completing his studies under the Post Primary Teacher's Bursary Scheme. His first and only teaching appointment was in 1961, at Coromandel District High School. This lasted only a few months. Brickell then became a full-time potter and purchased his first property near the township of Coromandel. In 1974, he purchased the adjacent 60-acre property, where his Driving Creek Railway and Potteries remain today.

paragraph: Brickell was one of the artists featured in "Treasures of the Underworld", the New Zealand pavilion exhibition at Seville Expo '92. The exhibition toured to the Netherlands and throughout New Zealand before the works were accessioned for the collection of the National Art Gallery, now held by the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa.

paragraph: He wrote several books and small publications, including "A New Zealand Potters' Dictionary" (1985) and "Rails toward the Sky" (2011). In 1996, Christine Leov-Lealand published the biography "Barry Brickell: A Head of Steam". In 2013 Auckland University Press published the book "His Own Steam: The Work of Barry Brickell" to coincide with a major touring retrospective of his pottery work, organised by the Dowse Art Museum and featuring 100 of his pieces.

paragraph: Section::::Kiln-building.

paragraph: Brickell was known for his skill at building kilns. Most of the kilns at Driving Creek Railway were designed and built by Brickell using bricks made on-site from clay sourced on the same property. According to Christine Leov-Lealand's biography, Brickell built his first brick kiln at age seven under the family home in Devonport, which was almost set alight. In 1968, he built a round coal-fired kiln for potter Yvonne Rust in Greymouth; in 1975, he built a kiln for artist Ralph Hotere in Port Chalmers, fired from pine bark recycled from a nearby wharf. In 1982, Brickell was invited to Vanuatu to build a kiln and establish a ceramics programme for young people, and in 1986, he built a wood-fired salt-glaze kiln for the Northern Arizona University Art Gallery.

paragraph: Section::::Honours and awards.

paragraph: In 1974 Brickell was awarded a QEII Arts Council Grant to build New Zealand's first wood-fired stoneware pottery kiln, which he made with help from students, using bricks from a demolished hotel in the nearby town of Coromandel. He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire for services to pottery and ceramics in the 1988 New Year Honours.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Brickell died at Coromandel on 23 January 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A New Zealand Potter's Dictionary: Techniques and Materials for the South Pacific" (Auckland: Reed Methuen, 1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Six Spiromorphs" (Dunedin: Brett McDowell Gallery, 2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rails toward the Sky: The Story of Driving Creek Railway" (Auckland: David Ling Publishing, 2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Plastic Memories: Thirty-Eight Years of Storytelling in Clay" (Coromandel: Driving Creek Press, 2013)

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Works in the collection of the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Works in the collection of the Govett-Brewster Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Works in the collection of Auckland War Memorial Museum

paragraph: BULLET::::- Exhibitions at Brett McDowell Gallery, Dunedin in 2009 and 2012

paragraph: BULLET::::- Works at Driving Creek Railway

paragraph: BULLET::::- May Smith's 1969 painting "From Barry Brickell's Verandah" in the Fletcher Trust Collection

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Doreen Blumhardt and Brian Brake, "Craft New Zealand: The Art of the Craftsman" (Auckland: Reed Publishing, 1981)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Christine Leov-Lealand, "Barry Brickell: A Head of Steam" (Auckland: Exisle Publishing, 1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Helen Schamroth, "100 New Zealand Craft Artists" (Auckland: Godwit Press, 1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Moyra Elliot and Damian Skinner, "Cone Ten Down: Studio Pottery in New Zealand, 1945–1980" (Auckland: David Bateman, 2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- David Craig & Gregory O'Brien, "His Own Steam: The Works of Barry Brickell" (Auckland: Auckland University Press, 2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Barry Brickell, "The hand is more important than the brain" in "Art New Zealand" Number 7, Spring 1977

paragraph: BULLET::::- Barry Brickell, "Tribute to Hone Tuwhare" in "New Zealand Electronic Poetry Centre", issue 6, September 2008

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pauline Dawson, "Barry Brickell – Man of steam and clay" in "Barry Brickell: Six Spiromorphs" (Dunedin: Kilmog Press, 2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Andrew Clifford, "Full steam ahead" in "NZ Listener", 4 May 2013, pp.36–38

paragraph: BULLET::::- David Craig, "In search of an indigenous, animotive, anthropomorphic ceramic culture" in "Art News New Zealand", Autumn 2013

paragraph: BULLET::::- Virginia Winder, "Earth and fire" in "NZ House & Garden", nd.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Driving Creek Railway official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Barry Brickell: Potter", National Film Unit documentary, 1970

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cultural Icons" interview with Barry Brickell part one and part two

paragraph: BULLET::::- TVNZ interview with Barry Brickell on "Good Morning", 19 September 2012

description: potter

wikidata_label: Barry Brickell

wikipedia_title: Barry Brickell


text: Kara-Khanid

text: lexicographer

text: Turkic languages

text: Kashgar

text: Barsgan

text: Issyk-Kul

text: Kyrgyzstan

text: Issyk-Kul Region

text: Kara-Khanid Khanate

text: Abbasid Caliphate

text: Arab

text: Ali Amiri

text: quatrain

text: Persio

text: Arabic

text: rubā'iyāt

text: epic

text: pastoral

text: didactic

text: lyric

text: elegiac

text: Turkic peoples

text: monolingualism

text: linguistic purism

text: nomad

text: Tajik

text: Persian language

text: Turko-Islamic conquest

text: Central Asian Buddhist

text: Kingdom of Khotan

text: Saka

text: Tengri

text: Khitans

text: Liao dynasty

text: Upal

text: Uyghur

text: Kyrgyz

text: Uzbek

text: UNESCO

text: Yusuf Khass Hajib

text: Svat Soucek

text: A History of Inner Asia

text: Cambridge University Press

text: Divanu Lugati-t Türk Dizini (Turkish)

text: ar.wikisource.org (PDF)

text: كتاب ديوان لغات الترك

text: Chinese

categories: Medieval Turkic geographers,Anti-Buddhism,Medieval linguists,1005 births,1102 deaths,11th-century geographers,11th-century writers,Geographers of medieval Islam

paragraph: Mahmud al-Kashgari

paragraph: Mahmud ibn Hussayn ibn Muhammed al-Kashgari was an 11th-century Kara-Khanid scholar and lexicographer of the Turkic languages from Kashgar.

paragraph: His father, Hussayn, was the mayor of Barsgan, a town in the southeastern part of the lake of Issyk-Kul (nowadays village of Barskoon in northern Kyrgyzstan's Issyk-Kul Region) and related to the ruling dynasty of Kara-Khanid Khanate.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: Al-Kashgari studied the Turkic languages of his time and in Baghdad he composed the first comprehensive dictionary of Turkic languages, the ' (Arabic: "Compendium of the languages of the Turks") in 1072-74. It was intended for use by the Abbasid Caliphate, the new Arab allies of the Turks. Mahmud Kashgari's comprehensive dictionary, later edited by the Turkish historian, Ali Amiri, contains specimens of old Turkic poetry in the typical form of quatrains (Persio-Arabic "rubā'iyāt"; ), representing all the principal genres: epic, pastoral, didactic, lyric, and elegiac. His book also included the first known map of the areas inhabited by Turkic peoples. This map is housed at the National Library in Istanbul.

paragraph: He advocated monolingualism and the linguistic purism of the Turkic languages, and held a belief in the superiority of nomadic people (the Turkic tribes had traditionally been nomads) over urban populations. Most of his Turkic-speaking contemporaries were bilingual in Tajik (a Persian language), which was then the urban and literary language of Central Asia.

paragraph: One of al-Kashgari's most historically significant poems, tells of the Turko-Islamic conquest of the last of the renowned Central Asian Buddhist kingdoms, the Kingdom of Khotan of the Iranian Sakas:

paragraph: The Turkic Qarakhanid and Uyghur Qocho Kingdoms were both states founded by invaders while the native populations of the region were Iranic and Tocharian peoples along with some Chinese in Qocho and Indians, who married and mixed with the Turkic invaders, and prominent Qarakhanid people such as Mahmud Kashghari hold a high position among modern Uyghurs.

paragraph: The Muslim Kara-Khanid Turks performed Jihad against Buddhist Uyghur Turks during the Islamicisation and Turkicisation of Xinjiang.

paragraph: The non-Muslim Turks worship of Tengri was mocked and insulted by the Muslim Turk Mahmud al-Kashgari, who wrote a verse referring to them - "The Infidels - May God destroy them!"

paragraph: Kashgari claimed that the Prophet assisted in a miraculous event where 700,000 Yabāqu "infidels" were defeated by 40,000 Muslims led by Arslān Tegīn claiming that fires shot sparks from gates located on a green mountain towards the Yabāqu. The Yabaqu were a Turkic people.

paragraph: The Muslim Turk Mahmud Kashgari insulted the Uyghur Buddhists as "Uighur dogs" and called them "Tats", which referred to the "Uighur infidels" according to the Tuxsi and Taghma, while other Turks called Persians "tat". While Kashgari displayed a different attitude towards the Turks diviners beliefs and "national customs", he expressed towards Buddhism a hatred in his Diwan where he wrote the verse cycle on the war against Uighur Buddhists. Buddhist origin words like toyin (a cleric or priest) and Burxān or Furxan (meaning Buddha, acquiring the generic meaning of "idol" in the Turkic language of Kashgari) had negative connotations to Muslim Turks.

paragraph: Kashghari viewed the least Persian mixed Turkic dialects as the "purest" and "the most elegant".

paragraph: Muslim writers Mahmud Kashghārī had more some information about China in their writings, Kashgari viewed Kashgar as part of China as Tang China had controlled Kashgar as one of the Anxi protectorate's "Four Garrisons" seats.

paragraph: Tawjāch, or Tabghāj and Tamghāj referred to the Toba rulers of the Northern Wei by the Turks, Khitay to the Khitans (Liao dynasty), while chīn and māchīn (چين ماچين) and Arabic ṣīn and māṣīn (صين ماصين) were names for China – after the Tang dynasty and the south was referred to as Machin and the north as Chin although before that the names were reversed.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Some researchers think that Mahmud al-Kashgari died in 1102 at the age of 97 in Upal, a small city southwest of Kashgar, and was buried there. There is now a mausoleum erected on his gravesite. But some modern authors reject this assertion, saying that the date of his death is just unknown.

paragraph: Some claim Mahmad Kashghari was Hazrat Mullam.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: He is claimed by Uyghur, Kyrgyz, and Uzbek nationalists as part of their respective ethnic groups.

paragraph: An oriental study university, situated in the capital city of Bishkek in post-Soviet Kyrgyzstan, was named after Makhmud Kashghari, in the 1990s.

paragraph: UNESCO declared 2008 the Year of Mahmud al-Kashgari.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yusuf Khass Hajib

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Svat Soucek, A History of Inner Asia, Cambridge University Press, 2002.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In Marco Polo's Footsteps by John F. Burns of New York Times

paragraph: BULLET::::- Divanu Lugati-t Türk Dizini (Turkish)

paragraph: BULLET::::- ar.wikisource.org (PDF)

paragraph: BULLET::::- كتاب ديوان لغات الترك

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chinese

description: Medieval Arab scholar

wikidata_label: Mahmud al-Kashgari

wikipedia_title: Mahmud al-Kashgari


text:
alternative rock
hardcore punk
Hüsker Dü
Turn on the News
Bob Mould
South St. Paul, Minnesota
dysfunctional
abusive
drunk driver
Bob Mould
marijuana
Manhattan
Greg Norton
Metal Circus
EP
campus radio
hippie
Michael Azerrad
Zen Arcade
Flip Your Wig
SST Records
indie
Warner Bros. Records
Candy Apple Grey
Columbia, Missouri
methadone
bisexual
EP
2541
Marshall Crenshaw
Go-Betweens
Robert Forster
"Intolerance"
All of My Senses
Nova Express
William Burroughs
Julian Cope
Pete Wylie
Admiral of the Sea
The Last Days of Pompeii
Nova Mob
Ecce Homo
Good News for Modern Man
benefit concert
Karl Mueller
Soul Asylum
Hot Wax
Q
Godspeed You! Black Emperor
Hot Wax
Intolerance
Paradise Lost
Gorman Bechard
Color Me Obsessed
The Replacements
The Argument
Errol Morris
The Fog of War
Intolerance
SST
Good News for Modern Man
Hot Wax
The Argument
Domino
Ecce Homo
Oeuvrevue
2541
All of My Senses
"Nobody Rides For Free"
"You're The Reflection"
"So Far From Heaven"
"Is The Sky The Limit?"
The Last Days of Pompeii
Rough Trade
Nova Mob
Restless
Admiral of the Sea
"Old Empire"

categories: People from South St. Paul, Minnesota,Alternative rock guitarists,Bisexual men,Hardcore punk musicians,LGBT people from Minnesota,LGBT musicians from the United States,American drummers,LGBT songwriters,Hüsker Dü members,American punk rock drummers,Male pianists,SST Records artists,Alternative rock drummers,Bisexual musicians,Guitarists from Minnesota,Songwriters from Minnesota,Deaths from liver cancer,LGBT singers,Alternative rock pianists,1961 births,2017 deaths,American male guitarists,Singers from Minnesota,20th-century American guitarists,American male drummers

paragraph: Grant Hart

paragraph: Grant Vernon Hart (March 18, 1961 – September 13, 2017) was an American musician, best known as the drummer and co-songwriter for the alternative rock and hardcore punk band Hüsker Dü. After the band's breakup in 1988, he formed the alternative rock trio Nova Mob, where he moved to vocals and guitar. His solo career became his main focus after the dissolution of Nova Mob in 1997.

paragraph: As the co-songwriter of Hüsker Dü, Hart's songs (such as "The Girl Who Lives on Heaven Hill" and "Turn on the News") received praise from critics and contemporaries. His vocal style, in contrast to that of Hüsker Dü bandmate Bob Mould, had a more measured and melodic delivery. His choice of lyrical themes, which ranged from teenage alienation in "Standing by the Sea" and the depiction of a murder in "Diane," to playful story-telling in "Books About UFOs," helped to expand the subject matter of hardcore punk.

paragraph: Hart died on September 13, 2017 of complications from liver cancer and Hepatitis C.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Youth.

paragraph: Grant Hart was born in South St. Paul, Minnesota, the youngest child of a credit union employee and a shop teacher. Hart described his family as a "typical American dysfunctional family [...] Not very abusive, though. Nothing really to complain about." When Hart was 10, his older brother was killed by a drunk driver. Hart inherited his brother's drum set and records; he soon began playing in a number of makeshift bands as a teenager.

paragraph: Hart met Bob Mould while working at a record store. Mould, then a college freshman, would buy marijuana from Hart. At first Hart dismissed Mould as "an upstater pretending to be a Manhattanite," but the two soon became friends.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Hüsker Dü.

paragraph: Hart formed Hüsker Dü in 1979 with Bob Mould and his friend Greg Norton. The band's early material had them lumped in with the hardcore movement of the early 1980s. The bandmembers received help from their parents in their early days. In Hart's case, his mother let him use the copier machine at the credit union where she worked to make show flyers, and the band added $2,000 to an existing loan at the credit union to release the band's first single, "Statues," on their own label Reflex Records in 1981. Success existed on a small scale for the band; by 1982 Hart was unemployed and relied on support from friends and family.

paragraph: Hüsker Dü's music became more accomplished and melodic over time. By late 1982, Hart's drumming "rushed the music along more precisely than ever" and he and Mould, who traded vocal duties, were singing more tunefully. While Mould was the band's primary songwriter, Hart began writing more songs. Hart wrote two songs for 1983's "Metal Circus" EP, the "perversely sing-along" "Diane" and the "impassioned speed-pop gem" "It's Not Funny Anymore." Hüsker Dü's more melodic take on hardcore struck a chord with college students, and various tracks from "Metal Circus", particularly Hart's "Diane," were put into rotation by dozens of campus radio stations across the US. Hart was tagged by observers as the "hippie" of the group due to his long hair and his propensity to drum with bare feet; biographer Michael Azerrad additionally noted that "the wide-eyed sincerity of his songs was far more San Francisco '67 than New York City '77," which contrasted with Mould's "incisively bitter" songs.

paragraph: As Hart and Mould developed as musicians and songwriters, an unspoken tension and competition arose in the band between them. Tensions were heightened when Mould demanded that starting with 1984's "Zen Arcade" that the band's records contain individual songwriter credits. In spite of the creative tensions, Hüsker Dü garnered critical acclaim with the release of "Zen Arcade" and subsequent albums. Michael Azerrad stated that by 1985's "Flip Your Wig" "the two songwriters were trying their level best to outdo each other, and with spectacular results" Hüsker Dü had left the hardcore genre behind, which caused some discomfort with their label at the time, SST Records. In one interview, Hart hinted that SST thought Hüsker Dü were "soft" because they stayed in motels while touring and occasionally wrote happy songs. Hart elaborated, "We don't have to convince the world that we're suffering to convince them that we're artists... There's nothing wrong with being happy."

paragraph: Hart designed most of Hüsker Dü's album covers.

paragraph: In 1986 Hüsker Dü became the first key band from the American indie scene to sign with a major label, inking a deal with Warner Bros. Records. However, tensions within the band worsened after signing with Warner Bros. Hart became addicted to heroin following the band's tour behind their major label debut "Candy Apple Grey" in 1986, with Hart also being incorrectly diagnosed as HIV-positive in the middle of that year. Mould and Hart were feuding openly about Hart's drug use and creative conflicts, with Hart accusing Mould of ensuring he could not have more than 45 percent of the songs on each of the band's albums.

paragraph: The band dissolved after a show in Columbia, Missouri, in 1987. Hart was trying to quit heroin using a supply of methadone, but the bottle had leaked. Hart played the show, but Mould and Norton were concerned Hart would soon be suffering from withdrawal and thus would be unable to play the next few shows. While Hart insisted he could perform, Mould had already canceled the dates. Hart quit the band four days later. Hart has said his drug use was not the reason for the band's demise, rather, it was the tensions between the band members. Hart said, "It just became that it was easier to be around Bob if you were playing a part of Bob's game," and also said he felt Mould's songs had become increasingly "square."

paragraph: Though it was often rumored during his Hüsker Dü days that he and bandmate Mould were an item (Hart was openly bisexual, Mould is openly gay, and both acknowledge taking partners on tour), both have flatly denied ever having been romantically involved.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Solo career and Nova Mob.

paragraph: Six months after Hüsker Dü's breakup, Hart discovered that his diagnosis as being HIV-positive was incorrect. In 1988 he released the solo EP, "2541", on Hüsker Dü's former label SST. The title is taken from the address of his former band's office and rehearsal house, where the members had at one time lived. Marshall Crenshaw would later cover the title song, as would the Go-Betweens' Robert Forster. After the release of the EP, Hart went further into sobriety, recording and releasing the album "Intolerance" and the associated EP "All of My Senses" in 1989 and 1990, respectively.

paragraph: In late 1989, he formed a new band, Nova Mob, with Michael Crego on drums, Tom Merkl on bass, and Hart himself taking guitar duties. The band took their name from the novel "Nova Express" by William Burroughs; it had previously been used by an unrecorded group featuring the young Julian Cope and Pete Wylie. The band released their first EP "Admiral of the Sea" and album "The Last Days of Pompeii" in 1991. The lineup later changed with Marc Retish and then Steve Sutherland on drums, and Chris Hesler on lead guitar. The band routinely toured Europe to warm reception. Nova Mob released their second album "Nova Mob" in 1994 and disbanded after a supporting tour.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Later years.

paragraph: Hart returned to recording as a solo artist with the release of the live album "Ecce Homo" in 1995 and "Good News for Modern Man" in late 1999. In 2005, Hart and Mould reunited at the benefit concert for Karl Mueller (bassist for fellow Minneapolis stalwarts Soul Asylum), who was then fighting what would turn out to be a losing battle with cancer.

paragraph: Hart recorded his next solo album (and first in a decade), "Hot Wax", in Montreal and Minneapolis. Hart told Britain's "Q" in September 2006, "I'm working on some stuff with the Godspeed You! Black Emperor people. They've given more of themselves in a few weeks than Bob did in nine years with Hüsker Dü." In 2008, Hart was one of the guest singers on "Lotuk", the third album of Arsenal, a Belgian band combining roots and dance music. In the summer of 2008, Hart debuted a new track, "Schoolbuses are for children," on his Myspace site. He released "Hot Wax" on October 6, 2009. "Intolerance" was reissued on February 9, 2010, on 180-gram vinyl, and "The Last Days of Pompeii" was reissued with extra tracks and new mastering on December 7, 2010.

paragraph: In December 2012, Hart embarked on a short tour of Ireland with a new lineup, Colm O' Herlihy on guitar, Dan Walsh on drums and Simon Dargan on bass In a recent Facebook Q&A, Hart commented "I love playing with these guys. They let me make music rather than getting bogged down administrating a band's business. They make it a joy with their self-starting ways" He confirmed this lineup for his upcoming European and USA dates. Most recently, Hart released the double album "The Argument" (based on John Milton's "Paradise Lost") in the summer of 2013.

paragraph: In October 2013, documentary filmmaker Gorman Bechard ("Color Me Obsessed", about The Replacements) released "", a film about Hart which chronicles the musician's life from birth to the recording of "The Argument". Told in the style of the Errol Morris film "The Fog of War", Hart is the only interview subject in the film.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Marriage.

paragraph: Grant Hart married Brigid McGough Hart on July 5, 2017 at Church of the Assumption in Saint Paul, MN.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Death.

paragraph: Hart died on September 13, 2017, at 9:02 PM., at Fairview University of Minnesota Hospital of complications from liver cancer and Hepatitis C. He was 56 years old. He is survived by his wife Brigid McGough Hart and son Karl Turbenson.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Studio albums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Intolerance" (1989, SST)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Good News for Modern Man" (1999, Pachyderm)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hot Wax" (2009, Con d'Or)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Argument" (2013, Domino)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Live albums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ecce Homo" (1995, World Service)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Compilation albums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Oeuvrevue" (2010, Hazelwood)

paragraph: BULLET::::- EPs

paragraph: BULLET::::- "2541" (1988, SST)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "All of My Senses" (1990, SST)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Singles

paragraph: BULLET::::- ""Nobody Rides For Free"" (2000, Pachyderm)

paragraph: BULLET::::- ""You're The Reflection"" (2010, Amphetamine Reptile)

paragraph: BULLET::::- ""So Far From Heaven"" (2011, Con D'Or)

paragraph: BULLET::::- ""Is The Sky The Limit?"" (2013, Domino)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nova Mob albums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Last Days of Pompeii" (1991, Rough Trade)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nova Mob" (1994, Restless, World Service)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nova Mob EPs

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Admiral of the Sea" (1991, Rough Trade)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Shoot" (1992, Big Store)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nova Mob singles

paragraph: BULLET::::- ""Evergreen Memorial Drive"" (1992, Blackbox Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- ""Shoot Your Way to Freedom"" (1992, Big Store, Tontine Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- ""Old Empire"" (1994, World Service)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- [ Allmusic: Grant Hart]

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Grant Hart

wikipedia_title: Grant Hart


text:
American football
placekicker
Cincinnati Bengals
undrafted free agent
college football
Notre Dame
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
San Diego Chargers
New Orleans Saints
Los Angeles Rams
Jacksonville Jaguars
Kansas City Chiefs
New York Giants
Pro Bowl
1994
2008
NFL career scoring list
Cardinal Newman High School
West Palm Beach, Florida
lettered
football
Notre Dame
football
Sports Illustrated
1987 NFL Draft
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undrafted free agent
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
San Diego Chargers
Los Angeles Rams
Pro Bowl
1994
New Orleans Saints
River City Relay
Carolina Panthers
Hurricane Katrina
Sports Illustrated
Aaron Brooks
Olindo Mare
2007 NFL Season
Jacksonville Jaguars
Josh Scobee
Kansas City Star
Kansas City Chiefs
Dave Rayner
Lawrence Tynes
Justin Medlock
New York Giants
training camp
2009 Pro Bowl
New Orleans Saints
Garrett Hartley
Super Bowl
Atlanta Falcons
Carolina Panthers
George Blanda
Morten Andersen
Gary Anderson
Jeff Wilkins
Jim Bakken
George Blanda
John Carney's Official Website
Jacksonville Jaguars biography

categories: Sportspeople from Hartford, Connecticut,Tampa Bay Buccaneers players,Players of American football from Connecticut,Sportspeople from West Palm Beach, Florida,Los Angeles Rams players,Catholics from Florida,American football placekickers,Notre Dame Fighting Irish football players,Players of American football from Florida,Catholics from Connecticut,New York Giants players,New Orleans Saints players,American Conference Pro Bowl players,Kansas City Chiefs players,National Conference Pro Bowl players,Jacksonville Jaguars players,Living people,1964 births,San Diego Chargers players,Cincinnati Bengals players

paragraph: John Carney (American football)

paragraph: John Michael Carney (born April 20, 1964) is a retired American football placekicker. He was signed by the Cincinnati Bengals as an undrafted free agent in 1987. He played college football at Notre Dame.

paragraph: Carney was also a member of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, San Diego Chargers, New Orleans Saints, Los Angeles Rams, Jacksonville Jaguars, Kansas City Chiefs, and New York Giants. He was a Pro Bowl selection with the Chargers in 1994 and with the Giants in 2008. When he was released from the Saints' active roster in December 2009, Carney was third on the NFL career scoring list with a career total of 2,044 points. He was the last remaining player from the 1980s still active in professional football. He has also worked as a kicking consultant for the Saints.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Carney attended Cardinal Newman High School in West Palm Beach, Florida, and lettered in football. In football, he won All-State honors as a punter.

paragraph: Section::::College years.

paragraph: Carney attended Notre Dame and played football there from 1984 to 1986. He was named to the Notre Dame's all time team by "Sports Illustrated".

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Cincinnati Bengals.

paragraph: After going undrafted in the 1987 NFL Draft, Carney was signed by the Cincinnati Bengals as an undrafted free agent. He was released prior to the regular season and spent the year out of football.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Tampa Bay Buccaneers.

paragraph: Carney played five games for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers between 1988 and 1989. He converted two of five field goal attempts and all six extra point attempts.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:First stint with Chargers.

paragraph: Carney attended training camp with the San Diego Chargers in 1990, but did not make the final roster.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Los Angeles Rams.

paragraph: Carney played one game for the Los Angeles Rams in 1990, but did not attempt a field goal or extra point. He was the last remaining active Los Angeles Ram, until the team moved back to Los Angeles from St. Louis in 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Second stint with Chargers.

paragraph: Carney was re-signed by the Chargers during the 1990 season, appearing in 12 games for the team and converting 19 of 21 field goal attempts. He played 11 seasons with the Chargers through the 2000 season, earning his first Pro Bowl selection in 1994 after going 34-for-38 (89.5 percent) on field goal attempts as the Chargers made it to the Super Bowl. To this day, he remains the Chargers' all-time leading scorer.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New Orleans Saints.

paragraph: Carney signed with the New Orleans Saints as a free agent prior to the 2001 season.

paragraph: On December 21, 2003, the Saints were trailing the Jaguars 20-13 with 7 seconds left in regulation. Quarterback Aaron Brooks threw the ball in a hurry to Donte Stallworth. As time expired, the Saints continued to lateral the ball around until eventually wide receiver Jerome Pathon scored a touchdown in what became known as the River City Relay. Carney was sent out to kick the extra point to tie the game up and force overtime. Instead, Carney pushed the ball wide right and the Saints lost 19-20.

paragraph: Carney kicked a game-winning field goal against the Carolina Panthers following Hurricane Katrina. He then appeared on the cover of "Sports Illustrated" with quarterback Aaron Brooks on September 19, 2005 as the city celebrated this victory.

paragraph: On April 5, 2007, Carney asked and was given permission to leave the Saints after their acquisition of kicker Olindo Mare.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Jacksonville Jaguars.

paragraph: Following Week 1 of the 2007 NFL Season, Carney signed with the Jacksonville Jaguars replacing injured placekicker Josh Scobee. Carney appeared in eight games for the Jaguars in Scobee's absence, converting nine of 11 field goal attempts and 20 of 21 extra point attempts. He was released on November 19 upon Scobee's return.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Kansas City Chiefs.

paragraph: On November 26, 2007, the "Kansas City Star" reported that the Kansas City Chiefs would sign Carney after holding tryouts to replace Dave Rayner – making Carney the fourth placekicker to play for the Chiefs within a one-year period, following Lawrence Tynes, Justin Medlock and Rayner. Carney appeared in five games for the Chiefs, going 3-for-3 on field goal attempts and 7-for-7 on extra point attempts.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New York Giants.

paragraph: On August 30, 2008, Carney signed with the New York Giants to fill in while Tynes recovered from a knee injury sustained in training camp. Although Tynes would eventually recover from his injury Carney continued to hold on to the starting position and Tynes was relegated to kickoff duties. At age 44, Carney was the oldest active NFL player during the 2008 season.

paragraph: After a near perfect season (35-for-38 on field goal attempts with two blocked), Carney was chosen as the starting kicker for the NFC for the 2009 Pro Bowl. Carney was not re-signed after his contract expired, leaving him a free agent entering the 2009 season.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Second and third stints with Saints.

paragraph: Following the announcement that New Orleans Saints placekicker Garrett Hartley would be suspended the first four games of the 2009 season, Carney returned to New Orleans on August 15 on a one-year contract.

paragraph: With his start on November 30, he became the sixth player in NFL history to reach 300 career games. Carney was waived on December 22, two weeks after Hartley regained the starting job.

paragraph: On December 24, 2009, the Saints announced that Carney had been hired as a "kicking consultant", with responsibility for the snap and hold as well as working on kicking with his successor, Hartley. The appointment meant that Carney was ineligible to kick for any team for the rest of the 2009 season. Carney remained with the Saints in this capacity through the playoffs, and received credit for his role in preparing the comparatively inexperienced Hartley to make a number of critical kicks that helped the Saints win their first Super Bowl.

paragraph: Carney started the 2010 season without a team. However, after Hartley missed 3 out of 7 field goal attempts during the Saints' first 3 games, including a short kick in overtime that would have won a game against the Atlanta Falcons, the Saints re-signed Carney (while also retaining Hartley) on September 28, 2010. The signing made him the oldest active player in the NFL at the age of 46. On October 3, 2010, he kicked three field goals in a Saints win against the Carolina Panthers, and became the third oldest player to play in an NFL game (behind only George Blanda and Morten Andersen). On October 12, the Saints released Carney for the third time. Carney would not sign with another NFL team.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:NFL records.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Most games with 6 or more field goals in a career: 2 – tied with Gary Anderson, Jeff Wilkins, and Jim Bakken

paragraph: BULLET::::- Most games with 6 or more field goals in a season (1993): 2

paragraph: BULLET::::- Most games with 5 or more field goals in a career: 11

paragraph: BULLET::::- Most games with 4 or more field goals in a career: 29

paragraph: BULLET::::- Most decades played: 4 (1980s, 1990s, 2000s, 2010s) – tied with George Blanda

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: He runs a pre-season kicking training camp in San Diego for professional kickers called "The Launching Pad".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Carney's Official Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jacksonville Jaguars biography

description: American football placekicker

wikidata_label: John Carney

wikipedia_title: John Carney (American football)


text:
John Leyden
Thomas Campbell
Dr Robert Anderson
Edinburgh
Edinburgh Magazine
Dr Robert Anderson
James Currie
Bishop Thomas Percy
Anne Grant
Joseph Cooper Walker
ode
sonnet series
Petrarch
Joanna Baillie
Walter Scott
Tales of Superstition and Chivalry

wikipedia_title:
John Leyden
Thomas Campbell (poet)
Robert Anderson (editor and biographer)
Edinburgh
Edinburgh Magazine and Review
Robert Anderson (editor and biographer)
James Currie (physician)
Thomas Percy (bishop of Dromore)
Anne Grant
Joseph Cooper Walker
Ode
Sonnet sequence
Petrarch
Joanna Baillie
Walter Scott
Tales of Superstition and Chivalry

categories: 19th-century Scottish writers,Pseudonymous women writers,1765 births,1829 deaths,Writers from Edinburgh,Scottish women writers,Pseudonymous writers,Writing circles,Ballads,19th-century British women writers,Romantic poets,Writers of the Romantic era

paragraph: Anne Bannerman

paragraph: Anne Bannerman (31 October 1765 – 29 September 1829) was a Scottish poet. She was part of the Edinburgh literary circle which included John Leyden, Jessie Stewart, and Thomas Campbell, and Dr Robert Anderson. Her work "remains significant for her Gothic ballads, as well as for her innovative sonnet series and her bold original odes."

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Bannerman was born in Edinburgh to Isobel ("née" Dick) and William Bannerman, a "running stationer" licensed to sell ballads in the streets.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Bannerman's early work was published, often pseudonymously, in periodicals, notably the "Monthly Magazine", the "Poetical Register", and the "Edinburgh Magazine", the latter of which was edited by her friend and supporter, Dr Robert Anderson. She was read and admired by Thomas Park, James Currie, Bishop Thomas Percy, Anne Grant, and antiquary Joseph Cooper Walker. Her first volume, "Poems" (1800), was well regarded but did not sell well. It contains a series of odes, original sonnets, a sonnet series translated from Petrarch, and another based on "The Sorrows of Werther". In these two latter Bannerman developed Joanna Baillie's theory of dramatic composition — her stated intent to focus on the progress of one master passion — and applied it to poetry. Her second collection, "Tales of Superstition and Chivalry" (1802) was published anonymously. It consisted of ten Gothic ballads and four engravings and did not fare so well with reviewers, in part because of her penchant for the strain of obscurity and ambiguity within the Gothic tradition. Her ballads were, however, praised by Walter Scott.

paragraph: After the deaths of her mother and brother, she struggled financially and was a governess for a period despite precarious health. Although various of her friends supported her and attempted to procure her a pension, such attempts were largely unsuccessful and she died in debt on 29 September 1829.

paragraph: Contemporary scholars are rediscovering her work and she is the subject of several recent studies.

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Poems" (Edinburgh: Mundel/London:Longman, 1800), including "The Mermaid,""The Genii," "The Nun," and "Ode: the Spirit of the Air"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Epistle from the Marquis de Lafayette to General Washington" (attrib. 1800)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tales of Superstition and Chivalry" (pub. anon., Vernor and Hood, 1802) (Etext, British Women Romantic Poets Project).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Poems: a New Edition" (pub. by subscription, 1807), including "To Miss Baillie"

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bannerman, Anne (1765–1829)." "The Feminist Companion to Literature in English". Virginia Blain, et al., eds. New Haven and London: Yale UP, 1990. 56-57.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Craciun, Adriana. "Anne Bannerman: A Critical Introduction." "Scottish Women Poets of the Romantic Period". 2005.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Craciun, Adriana. "Bannerman, Anne (1765–1829)." "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography". Ed. H. C. G. Matthew and Brian Harrison. Oxford: OUP, 2004. 28 Mar. 2007.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Crone-Romanovski, Mary, Sharon Estes, and Robi Rhodes. "Anne Bannerman".

description: British poet (1765–1829)

wikidata_label: Anne Bannerman

wikipedia_title: Anne Bannerman