text: courtesy name

text: Eastern Han dynasty

text: Three Kingdoms

text: Wang Ji

text: casting lots

text: Deng Yang

text: He Yan

text: Cao Wei

text: Three Kingdoms

text: Gaoxin

text: Gaoyang

text: Shun

text: Duke of Zhou

text: King Cheng

text: Zhou dynasty

text: Incident at Gaoping Tombs

text: Yi Jing

text: Romance of the Three Kingdoms

text: Eastern Han dynasty

text: Three Kingdoms

text: Cao Cao

text: Xiahou Yuan

text: Battle of Mount Dingjun

text: Lu Su

text: Xuchang

text: Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms

text: Chen, Shou

text: Records of the Three Kingdoms

text: Luo, Guanzhong

text: Romance of the Three Kingdoms

text: Pei, Songzhi

categories: 209 births,Politicians from Shandong,Cao Wei politicians,256 deaths

paragraph: Guan Lu

paragraph: Guan Lu (209–256), courtesy name Gongming, was a diviner who lived during the late Eastern Han dynasty and Three Kingdoms period of China.

paragraph: Section::::Stories.

paragraph: Section::::Stories.:Putting the dead to rest.

paragraph: At one time, Wang Ji heard of Guan Lu's fame and invited him to visit him. One of Wang Ji's other guests said that his wife was suffering from severe headaches while his son felt pain in his heart. Wang Ji then asked Guan Lu to find out why. Guan Lu used the casting lots method and told them that there were two dead bodies buried in the west corner of the main hall and that a wall had been built across them. One of them held a spear while the other carried a bow and arrows. The spearman died from a gash in his head while the archer died after being stabbed in the heart. Wang Ji then ordered his men to start digging and they found two badly decomposed bodies fitting exactly the description given by Guan Lu. Guan Lu then instructed them to rebury the bodies three miles outside the walls. After that, the woman and the boy recovered from their headaches and heart pains.

paragraph: Section::::Stories.:Extending Zhao Yang's lifespan.

paragraph: In another story, Guan Lu once saw a youth plowing a field, approached him and asked for his name. The youth, named Zhao Yang, was only 19 years old then. Guan Lu sensed an aura of death around Zhao Yang and predicted that he would die within three days, so he advised him on how to avoid his unfortunate fate. He said, "Tomorrow, go to the forest in the south. You will see two men sitting on boulders beneath a lofty tree playing chess. The sinister-looking one will be wearing white and facing south. The other man, who looks kind, will be wearing red. They will be so deeply engrossed in their game that they will not notice anyone approaching. You must then kneel down and humbly present them food and wine. After they have accepted your offerings, you must prostrate yourself and tearfully beg them to grant you an extension on your lifespan. You will then gain an increased span of life. Above all things, you must not tell them that I told you to do this." The following day, the man in red replaced the number 9 with the number 1, which meant that he had altered Zhao Yang's fate to allow him to live until the age of 99. The two men, who were apparently deities in charge of deciding people's lifespans, then told Zhao Yang to go back to Guan Lu and warn him that if he attempted to meddle with the ways of fate again, he would suffer punishment from Heaven.

paragraph: Section::::Stories.:Predicting the future for Deng Yang and He Yan.

paragraph: Guan Lu also cast lots to predict the lives of Deng Yang and He Yan, two officials who served in the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. He told them, "Gaoxin and Gaoyang aided Shun; the Duke of Zhou aided the young King Cheng of the Zhou dynasty. They were kindly, modest and happy. You, Sirs, enjoy high prestige and power, but there are many who fear you and few who respect you. You are not careful to walk in the way of good fortune. Now the nose is an eminence. If an eminence retains its characteristic, thereby it remains in honour. But is it not that blue flies gather to foul objects and the lofty fears a fall? I would wish you to give of your abundance for the good of the poor and avoid walking in the wrong road. Then indeed may you reach the highest dignity, and the blue flies will disperse".

paragraph: After discussing this conversation with his uncle, Guan Lu then said: "Deng Yang's gait is that of one whose sinews are loosed from his bones, and his pulse is unsteady. When he would stand, he totters as a man without limbs. This is the aspect of a disembodied soul. He Yan looks as if his soul was about to quit its habitation. He is bloodless, and what should be solid in him is mere vapor. He looks like rotten wood. This is the aspect of a soul even now in the dark valley. Both these men will certainly soon die a violent death, and none need fear them".

paragraph: Soon afterwards, both Deng Yang and He Yan met their ends in the aftermath of the Incident at Gaoping Tombs in 249, just as Guan Lu predicted. As a result, Guan Lu became famous for being one of the most skilled diviners in his time, but there were others who saw him as a mad man.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Guan Lu wrote a number of texts, including:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A method of contacting spirits using the "Yi Jing"" (周易通靈決)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Summary of a method of contacting spirits using the "Yi Jing"" (周易通靈要決)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A classic on destroying manias" (破躁經)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Winnowing divination" (占箕)

paragraph: These texts were lost over time in the Three Kingdoms period; only their titles were recorded in history.

paragraph: Section::::In "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".

paragraph: Guan Lu appears as a character in the 14th-century historical novel "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", which romanticises the events in the late Eastern Han dynasty and Three Kingdoms period. In Chapter 69, around the year 217, Cao Cao summons Guan Lu and orders him to use his divination skills to predict the future. Guan Lu predicts that Xiahou Yuan will be killed in action at the Battle of Mount Dingjun, Lu Su will die of illness, a fire will break out in Xuchang, etc. All his predictions came true. Historically, however, Guan Lu was only around eight years old in 217.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chen, Shou (3rd century). "Records of the Three Kingdoms" ("Sanguozhi").

paragraph: BULLET::::- Luo, Guanzhong (14th century). "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" ("Sanguo Yanyi").

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pei, Songzhi (5th century). "Annotations to Records of the Three Kingdoms" ("Sanguozhi zhu").

wikidata_label: Guan Lu

wikipedia_title: Guan Lu


text:
count of Luxembourg
count of Namur
Godfrey I, Count of Namur
Ermesinde
Conrad I of Luxembourg
La Roche
Durbuy
Henry II of Durbuy
Conrad II of Luxembourg
Emperor Lothair II
Grandpré
advocacies
Saint-Maximin
Trier
Saint-Willibrord
Echternach
Albero of Montreuil
archbishop of Trier
Alberon II, Bishop of Liège
Bouillon
Renaut I of Bar
Hillin of Falmagne
Grevenmacher
Thierry of Alsace
Count of Flanders
Baldwin IV of Hainault
Alice of Namur
Baldwin V
Henry III of Limburg
Henry I, Count of Guelders
Ermesinde
Henry II of Champagne
Ermesinde
Theobald I of Bar
Noville-sur-Mehaigne
Echternach

categories: Blind royalty and nobility,Counts of Luxembourg,Counts of Namur,House of Namur,1196 deaths,1112 births

paragraph: Henry IV, Count of Luxembourg

paragraph: Henry IV ( – 14 August 1196), called the Blind ("l'Aveugle" or "der Blinde"), was count of Luxembourg from 1136 until his death and count of Namur (as Henry I) from 1139 until his abdication in 1189. He was the son of Godfrey I, Count of Namur and Ermesinde, a daughter of Conrad I of Luxembourg.

paragraph: He inherited the counties of La Roche and Durbuy from his cousins Henry II of Durbuy and Henry of Laroche. When another cousin, Conrad II of Luxembourg, died he was granted that county by the Emperor Lothair II, who thus prevented its passing to the French count of Grandpré. At the same time he also inherited the advocacies of the abbeys of Saint-Maximin at Trier and Saint-Willibrord at Echternach. This was the cause of many conflicts with Albero of Montreuil, archbishop of Trier. Three years later, he inherited Namur from his father.

paragraph: In 1141, he helped Alberon II, Bishop of Liège take Bouillon with Renaut I of Bar. In 1147, he gave up Saint-Maximin, but he regained it on the death of Archbishop Albero de Montreuil in 1152. The new archbishop, Hillin of Falmagne, exchanged the rights over the abbeys with the town of Grevenmacher in 1155. In 1157, he married Laurette (d.1175), daughter of Thierry of Alsace, Count of Flanders, and Margaret of Clermont. They separated in 1163. Left without child, he designated his brother-in-law Baldwin IV of Hainault, husband of his sister Alice of Namur, as his heir. When Baldwin died in 1171, he designated Baldwin V. Baldwin V and Henry carried out two wars, in 1170 and 1172, with Henry III of Limburg.

paragraph: In 1171, Henry married a second time, this time to Agnes, daughter of Henry I, Count of Guelders and Agnes of Arnstein. Heirless still, he repudiated her in 1184, but fell seriously ill and rejoined her. In September 1186, a girl, Ermesinde, was born to them. This birth called into question the plan of succession, as Henry considered his promise to Baldwin null and void. Henry, then 76 years old, pledged his daughter in marriage to Henry II of Champagne. Baldwin still claimed his inheritance. It was then decided that Baldwin would inherit Namur, Ermesinde would inherit Durbuy and La Roche, and Luxembourg ("fief masculin") would revert to the Empire.

paragraph: The fiefs were dispensed in 1189. After the planned marriage between Ermesinde and the count of Champagne was cancelled, Henry betrothed her instead to Theobald I of Bar. He entered into a war with Henry of Limburg and was defeated on 1 August 1194 at Noville-sur-Mehaigne. He died two years later in Echternach.

description: Count of Luxembourg and Count of Namur

wikidata_label: Henry IV, Count of Luxembourg

wikipedia_title: Henry IV, Count of Luxembourg


text:
Pala Empire
Bengal
Indian Subcontinent
Dharamapala
Assam
Orissa
Dharamapala
Rashtrakuta
Narayanapala
Munger
Pragjyotisha
Utkala
Narayanapala
Himalayas
Arabian Sea
Bay of Bengal
Utkalas
Assam
Hunas
Dravidas
Gurjara-Pratiharas
Mihira Bhoja
Rashtrakuta
Amoghavarsha
Pandyan
Kamboja
Kamboja Pala dynasty
Nalanda
Nagarahara
Jalalabad
Arab
Buddhism
Magadha
Odantapuri
Buton Rinchen Drub
Taranatha
Shurapala I
Vigrahapala I
Jagjivanpur
Mahendrapala
List of rulers of Bengal

categories: Rulers of Bengal,Indian Buddhists,Year of birth unknown,Year of death unknown,Pala kings

paragraph: Devapala (Pala dynasty)

paragraph: Devapala (9th century) was the most powerful ruler of the Pala Empire of Bengal region in the Indian Subcontinent. He was the third king in the line, and had succeeded his father Dharamapala. Devapala expanded the frontiers of the empire by conquering the present-day Assam and Orissa. The Pala inscriptions also credit him with several other victories, but these claims are thought to be exaggerated.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: Devapala was the third king in the line, and had succeeded his father Dharamapala. His mother was Rannadevi, a Rashtrakuta princess. Earlier historians considered Devapala as a nephew of Dharmapala, based on the Bhagalpur copper plate of Narayanapala, which mentions Devapala as Jayapala's "purvajabhrata" (interpreted as "elder brother"). Jayapala is mentioned as the son of Dharmapala's brother Vakpala in multiple Pala inscriptions. However, the discovery of the Munger (Monghyr) copper inscription changed this view. This particular inscription clearly describes Devapala as the son of Dharmapala.

paragraph: Based on the different interpretations of the various epigraphs and historical records, the different historians estimate Devapala's reign as follows:

paragraph: Section::::Expansion of the Pala Empire.

paragraph: Devapala launched military compaigns under his cousin and his general Jayapala, who was the son of Dharmapala's younger brother Vakpala. These expeditions resulted in the invasion of Pragjyotisha (present-day Assam) where the king submitted without giving a fight and the Utkala (present-day Orissa) whose king fled from his capital city.

paragraph: The highly exaggerated Badal Pilllar inscription of his descendant Narayanapala states that Devpala's empire extended up to the Vindhyas, the Himalayas, and the two oceans (presumably the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal). It also claims that Devpala exterminated the Utkalas (present-day Orissa), conquered the Pragjyotisha (Assam), shattered the pride of the Hunas, humbled the lords of Gurjara and the Dravidas. These claims are exaggerated, but cannot be dismissed entirely: the neighbouring kingdoms of Rashtrakutas and the Gurjara-Pratiharas were weak at the time, and may have been subdued by Devapala.

paragraph: The "Gurjaras" in the inscription refers to the Gurjara-Pratiharas led by Mihira Bhoja. The Hunas probably refers to a principality in North-West India. "Dravida" is generally believed to be a reference to the Rashtrakutas (led by Amoghavarsha), but RC Majumdar believes that it may refer to the Pandyan king Sri Mara Sri Vallabha. However, there is no definitive record of any expedition of Devapala to the extreme south. In any case, his victory in the south could only have been a temporary one, and his dominion lay mainly in the north.

paragraph: While an ancient country with the name Kamboja was located in what is now Afghanistan, there is no evidence that Devapala's empire extended that far. Kamboja, in this inscription, could refer to the Kamboja tribe that had entered North India (see Kamboja Pala dynasty). The Munger copper plate ("Monghyr Charter") indicates that the Palas recruited their war horses from the Kambojas, and there might have been a Kamboja cavalry in the Pala armed forces. Viradeva, a scholar appointed by him as the abbot of Nalanda, is believed to be a native of Nagarahara (identified with modern-day Jalalabad). This has led some scholars to speculate if Devapala indeed launched a military expedition to the present-day Afghanistan, during which he met Viradeva. But some historians believe that Devapala defeated the Arab rulers of the north west.

paragraph: Section::::Religious leanings.

paragraph: Devapala was a staunch sponsor of Buddhism, and is said to have sanctioned the construction of many temples and monasteries in Magadha. He maintained the famous Buddhist monastery at Uddandapura (Odantapuri). Buton Rinchen Drub credits his father Dharmapala for building the monastery, although other Tibetan accounts such as that of Taranatha, state that it was magically built and then entrusted to Devapala.

paragraph: Balaputradeva, the Sailendra king of Java, sent an ambassador to him, asking for a grant of five villages for the construction of a monastery at Nalanda. The request was granted by Devapala. He also patronized the Vikramashila University and the Nalanda University.

paragraph: The Buddhist poet Vajradatta (the author of Lokesvarashataka), was a member of Devapala's court.

paragraph: Section::::Successor.

paragraph: Devapala ruled for about 40 years. Earlier, the historians believed his successor to be Shurapala I and/or Vigrahapala I. In the 2000s, a copper-plate grant was discovered at Jagjivanpur: this plate mentions that a hitherto unknown Pala king, Mahendrapala, had issued the grant in 854 CE. Mahendrapala was the son of Devapala and brother of Shurapala I. Both Mahendrapala and Shurapala I were born to Queen Mahata.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of rulers of Bengal

description: Pala king

wikidata_label: Devapala

wikipedia_title: Devapala (Pala dynasty)


text: Roman

text: Arsacid

text: Armenia

text: Tiran (Tigranes VII)

text: Arsacid

text: Armenia

text: Sassanid King

text: Shapur II

text: Christians

text: Mesopotamia

text: Arianism

text: Roman Empire

text: Sassanid Empire

text: Olympias

text: Flavius Ablabius

text: Ammianus Marcellinus

text: Shapur II

text: Armenia

text: Mamikonian

text: Meruzhan Artsruni

text: Persians

text: Roman Emperor

text: Jovian

text: Singara

text: sparapet

text: Mamikonian

text: Castle of Oblivion

text: Zoroastrianism

text: Assyrian

text: Greek

text: Bible

text: Parthian

text: Pontian

text: under this name as king

text: Arshak I, also known as Arsaces I

text: Arsacid Parthian dynasty

text: Faustus of Byzantium

text: Anob

text: Greek

text: Olympias

text: Pharantzem

text: Gnel

text: Papas (Pap)

text: Faustus of Byzantium

text: Moses of Chorene

text: History of Armenia, 5th Century

text: Armenian opera

text: Arshak II (opera)

text: Dikran Tchouhadjian

text: Pharantzem

text: Tiridates (son of Tiran of Armenia)

text: Julian's Persian expedition

categories: Arsacid kings of Armenia,Roman client kings of Armenia,Arian Christians,Armenian Christians,4th-century Armenian people,4th-century Arian Christians,4th-century monarchs in the Middle East,Prisoners and detainees of the Sasanian Empire

paragraph: Arshak II

paragraph: Arshak II (, flourished 4th century, died 369 or 370), also known as Arsaces II and Arsak II was a prince who was a Roman client king of Arsacid Armenia from 350 until 368.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Arshak II was the second born son to Tiran (Tigranes VII) by an unnamed mother. His father served as a Roman client king of Arsacid Armenia from 339 until 350. His date of birth is unknown and little is known on his early life.

paragraph: Sometime during his father's reign, the Sassanid King Shapur II launched a war on Rome and her allies, firstly by persecuting the Christians that lived in Persia and Mesopotamia. Shapur II, by capturing these territories, began to deal a severe blow to Roman prestige in the East. Sometime into his father's reign, Shapur II with his army had invaded Armenia; eventually taking Arshak II with members of his family as hostages as they were betrayed to Shapur II by his father's chamberlain. Arshak II, along with members of his family, had become Sassanid political prisoners in which his father was blinded and thrown into prison after Shapur II accused his father of collusion with Rome.

paragraph: The nobles of Armenia were infuriated by the brutality of Shapur II and his treatment of Arshak II with members of his family, took up arms and fought against Shapur II and his army with assistance from the Romans. They successfully drove Shapur II and his army out from Armenia. After Shapur II was defeated, he signed a treaty, and Arshak II and members of his family were released from prison. As Arshak II's father was depressed and blinded from his experience in captivity, he abdicated his throne, and Arshak II succeeded his father as Armenian King in 350.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: Arshak II, like his father, strongly pursued a policy on Christian Arianism. In the early years of his reign, Arshak II found himself courted by the Roman Empire and Sassanid Empire, both of which hoped to win Armenia to their side in the ongoing conflicts between them. By 358, Arshak II had married a Greek noblewoman Olympias, the daughter of the late consul Flavius Ablabius. The historian Ammianus Marcellinus (XXV. vii, 9-13; vol. II, pp. 532/3-534/5) described Arshak II as a "steadfast and faithful friend" to the Romans.

paragraph: The King of Sassanid Persia, Shapur II, intensified his efforts to conquer Armenia once and for all. He was able to bribe two Armenian noblemen, Vahan Mamikonian and Meruzhan Artsruni, and had them join his royal court. Arshak II focused on strengthening the army. He rewarded loyal generals and severely punished disloyal ones. He crafted an ambitious plan in which all criminals that settled in his newly founded city of Arshakavan were given complete amnesty. Approximately 150,000 individuals were settled in the city. His hope was to create a large army directly under his command, but many in the Armenian nobility did not agree with the plan and subsequently destroyed the city and killed its inhabitants.

paragraph: The Romans and the Persians chashed again. Roman Emperor Jovian, being in a very difficult position, negotiated an undesirable peace with Shapur II in which he allowed the Persians to take over the fortresses of Nisbis, Castra Maurorum, and Singara along with a part of Armenia. Arshak II found himself abandoned by the Romans and left to defend Armenia all alone. The Persians swiftly attacked, but were unsuccessful, partly due to the leadership of the general (Armenian: sparapet) Vasak Mamikonian. Shapur II, seeing that brute force was not going to subjugate Arshak II, turned to treachery. Arshak II was invited by the Persian King for peace talks. When Arshak II arrived with Vasak Mamikonian, he was taken prisoner and his general was skinned.

paragraph: Section::::Imprisonment and suicide.

paragraph: Living in a Sasanian prison named the Castle of Oblivion, Arshak II was unable to stop the Sasanian invasion of Armenia. Shapur II conquered Armenia and tried to convert Christian Armenians to Zoroastrianism, the main religion of the Sassanid Empire.

paragraph: Sometime in 369 or 370, an Armenian named Drastamat visited the imprisoned Arshak II. The king reminisced about his glory days and, feeling depressed, took his visitor's knife and killed himself. Drastamat, moved by what he had just witnessed, took the knife from Arshak II's chest and stabbed himself as well.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Despite having a troublesome reign, Arshak II was able to improve many aspects of his kingdom. The chief architect of the reforms was his cousin, Saint Nerses I the Great. They included:

paragraph: BULLET::::- the establishment of many monasteries, to isolate monks from the stress of everyday life and helped spread the gospel;

paragraph: BULLET::::- the building of hospitals;

paragraph: BULLET::::- the founding of many schools that would teach Assyrian and Greek, since the Holy Bible was read in those languages at that time;

paragraph: BULLET::::- the interdiction of inbred marriages, polygamy, divorce, pagan rituals, drunkenness and revenge killings;

paragraph: BULLET::::- strongly encouraging slave-owners to be merciful to slaves and treat them as equals.

paragraph: Section::::Namesake.

paragraph: Arshak II was named in honor of his Parthian, Pontian and Armenian ancestors who ruled under this name as king, in particular he was named in honor of Arshak I, also known as Arsaces I, the founder of the Arsacid Parthian dynasty and the first ruler of the Parthian Empire.

paragraph: Section::::Physical appearance.

paragraph: According to the Armenian 5th-century historian Faustus of Byzantium in his writings "History of the Armenians" (Book IV, Chapter 15), states Pharantzem in describing Arshak II as, “physically, he is hairy, and his color is dark”.

paragraph: Section::::Family and issue.

paragraph: Arshak II appeared to have three known wives.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prior to his Armenia kingship, Arshak II married an unknown woman who appeared to have died before 358. His first wife bore him a son:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anob

paragraph: BULLET::::- By 358, he married the Greek noblewoman Olympias. They were married until her death in 361 They had no children.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 360, he married the Armenian noblewoman Pharantzem, the widow of Arshak II's nephew, the Arsacid Prince Gnel. Pharantzem remained with Arshak II until his death. She bore Arshak II a son:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Papas (Pap). He was born in 360 and is the only known child born to Arshak II during his reign.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Faustus of Byzantium, "History of the Armenians", 5th Century

paragraph: BULLET::::- Moses of Chorene, History of Armenia, 5th Century

paragraph: BULLET::::- Encyclopaedia Iranica: Armenia and Iran II. The pre-Islamic period

paragraph: BULLET::::- Translated from the Armenian: Mihran Kurdoghlian, Badmoutioun Hayots, A. Hador [Armenian History, volume I], Athens, Greece, 1994, pp. 108–111

paragraph: BULLET::::- N. Lenski, Failure of Empire: Valens and the Roman State in the Fourth Century A.D., University of California Press, 2003

paragraph: BULLET::::- R.G. Hovannisian, The Armenian People From Ancient to Modern Times, Volume I: The Dynastic Periods: From Antiquity to the Fourteenth Century, Palgrave Macmillan, 2004

paragraph: BULLET::::- A. Terian, Patriotism And Piety In Armenian Christianity: The Early Panegyrics On Saint Gregory, St Vladimir's Seminary Press, 2005

paragraph: BULLET::::- V.M. Kurkjian, A History of Armenia, Indo-European Publishing, 2008

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Armenian opera

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arshak II (opera)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dikran Tchouhadjian

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pharantzem

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tiridates (son of Tiran of Armenia)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Julian's Persian expedition

wikidata_label: Arshak II

wikipedia_title: Arshak II


text:
Hollyford Track
bushman
Hollyford Valley
Fiordland
South Westland
Waimate
Dalgety's
Sutton
Morven
Hollyford Valley
Great Depression
Hollyford River
de Havilland Fox Moth
Big Bay
King George VI Coronation Medal
Hollyford Track
Hidden Falls
Milford Sound
Te Anau

categories: 1887 births,New Zealand businesspeople,New Zealand farmers,1955 deaths

paragraph: Davey Gunn

paragraph: David John Gunn, generally known as Davey or Davy, (18 September 1887 – 25 December 1955) was a keen promoter of the attractions of the Hollyford Track and from 1936 guided parties to them. A farmer and bushman he ran his almost wild cattle in the glacier-cut Hollyford Valley in Fiordland, South Westland, New Zealand.

paragraph: Gunn was the fourth of five children of Scottish parents, Isabella Grierson Robertson and her husband, Alexander Gunn. A one-time shepherd, Alexander Gunn ran a sheep farm of 27,000 acres in Central Otago. For secondary schooling David lived at Hook near Waimate with his maiden aunts on their 500 acre farm. Matriculating and leaving school he briefly followed other family members into Dalgety's working in one of their many branch offices as a clerk before deciding a desk job did not suit him. He went back to work on and later manage the farm at Hook. He underwent military training at Trentham in 1918 but was too late to be sent overseas.

paragraph: He went farming on his own account 100 miles south of Waimate at Sutton. On 10 July 1919 at Morven near Waimate he married Ethel May Willetts, a confectioner. They were to have two daughters, Isabel and Dorothy, and a son, Murray.

paragraph: George Gunn, an early runholder, mapped some of the Hollyford Valley in 1861. In 1926 David Gunn bought freehold land there from remaining original settlers, the McKenzie family. He increased his Hollyford landholding in 1929, just before the onset of the Great Depression, by acquiring four leases totalling more than 25,000 acres. He then moved to the valley, establishing his solitary base at Deadman's Hut on the banks of the Hollyford River. Gunn cut a number of well used tracks and erected huts in the more remote parts of his run.

paragraph: His wife took their children to Oamaru to be educated and Gunn returned to his family for brief visits only twice a year.

paragraph: Section::::Fox Moth crash.

paragraph: Gunn came to public attention on 30 December 1936 with a speedy journey to bring assistance to the injured passengers of a de Havilland Fox Moth cabin plane he had seen crash into the sea at Big Bay. He covered the 90-kilometre, four-day journey in just 21 hours, a feat which earned him a King George VI Coronation Medal the following year.

paragraph: Section::::Hollyford Track and tourism.

paragraph: In 1936, Gunn began guiding tramping parties down his Hollyford Track, and would continue doing so until his death in 1955. Friendly and hospitable by nature, and possessing considerable personal charm, Gunn became a well-known and popular figure. He was respected for his bushcraft, his energy, and his knowledge of the area.

paragraph: On Christmas Day 1955, Gunn was fording the Hollyford River on horseback near Hidden Falls, with a 12-year-old boy mounted behind him. The horse stumbled and fell, and both riders were seen to find their feet in the river, until the horse stood up and they were both swept away and drowned. Gunn's body was never found.

paragraph: After his death his son, Murray, continued to guide trampers in the area, and started "Gunn's Camp", a rest-stop for trampers with store and small museum, which still stands near the southern end of the track, around 10 km from the Milford Sound-Te Anau highway.

description: New Zealand businessman

wikidata_label: David John Gunn

wikipedia_title: Davey Gunn


text:
Doge of Venice
Venice
Genoa
podestà
Capodistria
Padua
Treviso
Marin Falier
Dalmatia
Treaty of Zadar
Giovanni Dolfin

categories: People from Venice,1356 deaths,13th-century births

paragraph: Giovanni Gradenigo

paragraph: Giovanni Gradenigo (died 8 August 1356) was the fifty-sixth Doge of Venice, appointed on 21 April 1355. During his reign, Venice signed a peace with Genoa.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Gradenigo was born in Venice. He was married to first Adriana Borromeo and then to Marina Capello. Before his election, he had been "podestà" in Capodistria, Padua, and Treviso. His recognized loyalty to the Venetian Republic probably helped him in being elected, as he came after the conjure which had led to the execution of his predecessor, Marin Falier.

paragraph: Two months after his election, the Venetians signed a peace with Genoa, ending a long and unfavorable war. During his reign measures were taken to improve the Republic's economic situation, but in 1356 they were again in war both on the mainland and in Dalmatia (which would end in the unfavorable Treaty of Zadar under his successor, Giovanni Dolfin).

paragraph: He died in August 1356.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BR

description: Doge of Venice

wikidata_label: Giovanni Gradenigo

wikipedia_title: Giovanni Gradenigo


text:
sailor
trader
Pākehā Māori
full Māori facial tattoo
flax
haka
Māori
New Zealand
Kirkby Ireleth
Louis Celeste Lecesne
Lancasterian school
brig
Rio de Janeiro
barque
Bank of Australia robbery
Lane Cove River
brig
Māori language
convict
nose
phormium
New Zealand flax
schooner
Kawhia
Mokau
Taranaki
Kapiti Island
Cook Strait
Mahia
Poverty Bay
North Island
Ngā Puhi
Bay of Islands
Mahia
Mahia Peninsula
Pākehā Māori
mana
hapū
hapū
Tokomaru Bay
pā
waka (canoe)
Young Nick's Head
Ngāi Tāmanuhiri
Poverty Bay
Rongowhakaata
Manutuke
Waipaoa River
pā
Ngāi Te Rangi
tattooed
Ngāi Te Rangi
Te Whakatohea
Bay of Plenty
Poverty Bay
Rongowhakaata
Ngati Kahungunu
Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti
Nga Puhi
Te Whakatohea
pā
Waipaoa River
Whakatohea
pā
hāngi
pā
hāngi
schooner
Poverty Bay
Uawa
Tolaga Bay
James Cook
Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti
Waiapu River
East Cape
North Island
Ngāti Porou
waka
Waiapu
pā
Uawa
Cloudy Bay
Queen Charlotte Sound
Te Kani-a-Takirau
convicts
New South Wales
Christ Church Greyfriars
St Paul's Cathedral
Worshipful Company of Stationers’
Royal Surrey Gardens
Old Vic
Surrey Theatre
Astley's Amphitheatre
haka
made merry
taken to water
Southampton
Foreign Office
Portsmouth
Chichester
Brighton
Académie des sciences
Institut de France
Nantes
cannibal
7th arrondissement of Paris
Rue Pastourelle
3rd arrondissement of Paris
Boulevard du Temple
Rouen
Le Havre
Queen Victoria
circumstantial evidence
New Zealand Company
Wesleyan
Pakeha Maori
Pākehā Māori
United Kingdom Census 1841
mariner
pedlar
Kingston upon Hull
exhibit the real head
The Musical Glasses
Battle of Waterloo
waka
fireworks
Montgolfier
Birmingham
Hanley
Burslem
Kidderminster
Derby
Beeston
Lincoln
Dublin
Jerningham Wakefield
Welshpool
Oswestry
Ellesmere
Kendal
Oldham
Beverley
Burton Agnes
Robert Isaac Wilberforce
York
Gringley-on-the-Hill
Gainsborough
Lincoln
sceptre
Manchester
William Leonard Williams
Tokomaru Bay
Cornwall
Truro
Redruth
Penzance
Leicester
Stonehouse, Plymouth
morbus
cirrhosis
ascites
obituary
Colour picture

categories: Māori history,Pākehā Māori,English sailors,1805 births,1860 deaths,History of Australia (1788–1850),Deaths from cirrhosis,People from Lancashire (before 1974),Heavily tattooed people

paragraph: Barnet Burns

paragraph: Barnet Burns (November 1805 – 26 December 1860) was an English sailor, trader, and showman who became one of the first Europeans to live as a Pākehā Māori and to receive the full Māori facial tattoo. He travelled to Australia and found employment as a trader of flax in New Zealand in the 1830s. Burns returned to Europe in 1835 and spent most of his remaining years as a showman giving lectures, where he described the customs of the Māori, performed the haka, exhibited his Māori tattoos and recounted his adventures in New Zealand.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: It is likely that Barnet Burns was baptised in the parish of Kirkby Ireleth on 25 November 1805. His parents were likely George Burns (born 1770) and Anne (née Stewart).

paragraph: At the age of 13 or 14 he became a cabin boy and ended up working for Louis Celeste Lecesne in Jamaica. When Lecesne travelled to England to petition parliament over his false arrest and exile,

paragraph: Burns travelled with him. Under the patronage of Lecesne, Burns went to the Lancasterian school at Borough Road in London.

paragraph: Burns again set sail in 1827 on the brig "Wilna" and arrived at Rio de Janeiro. Following a dispute between the Captain and crew, all the crew were paid off from the ship and Burns then obtained a berth as steward on the barque "Nimrod" Captain Eilbeck, which set out for Australia and arrived at Sydney on 22 August 1828.

paragraph: Section::::Colonial Australia and trading voyages.

paragraph: Barnet Burns worked as a house servant for William Henry Mackenzie of the Bank of Australia. He commenced employment at about the time of the Bank of Australia robbery on 14 September 1828. Burns also worked with other prominent businessmen of colonial Sydney who supported Burns' application for a land grant in May 1830. A plot of was granted at Tambourine Bay on the Lane Cove River.

paragraph: Burns joined the brig "Elizabeth", captain Brown on a trading voyage to New Zealand departing Sydney 23 July 1830. During his time in New Zealand Burns learned the Māori language. The "Elizabeth" returned to Sydney on 5 January 1831 and soon afterwards Burns appeared before the Police Magistrates where he was convicted of gross assault. A fellow seaman on the "Elizabeth", James Nance, had accused Burns of being a convict and Burns had reacted by "leading [Nance] about the decks by his nose, like a pig by the snout". Burns was ordered to "enter into his own recognizances to the amount of £10, to preserve the peace for twelve months".

paragraph: In January 1831 the Sydney merchant Joseph Barrow Montefiore had just returned from a voyage to New Zealand and required flax traders to be located at various parts of New Zealand.

paragraph: Barnet Burns agreed to return to New Zealand to trade with the Māori for phormium tenax, a New Zealand flax used mainly for rope materials.

paragraph: On 13 February 1831 Burns departed Sydney on the schooner "Darling", captain William Stewart, with various items of trade including clothing, leather goods, muskets, gunpowder, tobacco and pipes, ironmongery, hardware and rum. The "Darling" stopped at several places on the west coast of the North Island including Kawhia, Mokau, Taranaki and Kapiti Island before proceeding through Cook Strait to the east coast where Burns was landed at the Mahia peninsula. The "Darling" continued onto Poverty Bay where John Williams Harris was landed on 16 May 1831. Harris and Burns were among the first European residents in the area.

paragraph: Section::::Pākeha-Māori.

paragraph: In the 1830s the east coast of the North Island of New Zealand was a place constantly under the threat of attack from neighbouring Māori tribes.

paragraph: In the preceding decades the Ngā Puhi from the Bay of Islands had obtained muskets and made devastating attacks on their southern neighbours. The Mahia peninsula became a place of refuge for various Māori that felt threatened at an intensification of tribal warfare, decimation, enslavement and migration. Burns wrote: "So here I was amongst a set of cannibals ... not knowing the moment when they might take my trade from me, and not only my trade, but my life."

paragraph: At the Mahia Peninsula Barnet Burns was protected by a chief whom he called "Awhawee" but whom Māori oral records know as "Te Aria" or "Aria".

paragraph: Burns married the chief's daughter, Amotawa and lived as a Pākehā Māori with mana and benefits in business transactions. Burns' hapū was probably Te Whānau-a-Ruataupare which was part of Te Uranga Wera or the burnt post tribe, a collection of hapū from the Tokomaru Bay area.

paragraph: It is likely that Burns and the tribe were located at Nukutaurua on the north-eastern coast of the Mahia peninsula. After 11 months a vessel arrived with orders to close the trading station but Burns refused to leave with the ship as Amotawa was about to give birth. Shortly afterwards most of the tribe went some distance from their pā to cultivate the potato gardens. Burns learned that the neighbouring Ngati Te Whatu-i-Apiti threatened to plunder the remaining trade goods. Burns escaped with Amotawa and her father in an open waka (canoe) and seven other Māori and they headed north stopping overnight at Whareongaonga before landing at Waihi near Orongo beach on the southern side of Te Kuri a Paoa (Young Nick's Head). The canoe was hauled out of the water and the local Māori, likely the Ngāi Tāmanuhiri, carried the property for nearly to Poverty Bay. A day later Burns proceeded inland to a stronghold of the Rongowhakaata at Manutuke on the Waipaoa River where there were two strong defensive pā named Umukapua and Orakaiapu. Soon afterwards at the request of his Chief, Burns went to Maraetai with about seven hundred men to battle but their enemies had fled and they returned and lived again in peace.

paragraph: During an inland flax-buying trip with some of the members of his tribe, a party of Ngāi Te Rangi attacked, killed and ate the group with the exception of Barnet Burns. He managed to negotiate for his life by agreeing to live, fight and trade with them. Also, as part of the negotiations, Burns had to agree upon the party tattooing him. He was forced to have his full face, chest, thighs, and arms tattooed as a sign of loyalty to the tribe. Even though Burns did not want to, he agreed to save his life. When about a quarter of the tattoo on his face was completed, Burns escaped and found his way back to his own tribe, who sought vengeance without success as the Ngāi Te Rangi were not to be found.

paragraph: In 1832 subtribes of Te Whakatohea from the Bay of Plenty region had settled in an area inland from Poverty Bay. An alliance of about 600 men from Rongowhakaata, Ngati Kahungunu, Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti and Nga Puhi under Te Wera a Hauraki besieged about 400 men, women and children of Te Whakatohea at the pā of Kekeparaoa, located near the confluence of the Waipaoa River and the Waikohu river. Burns claimed to have led 150 men in the siege which lasted about three weeks. He described how a Whakatohea woman had attempted to escape from the pā by swimming across a river. She was captured and imprisoned. Resigned to being eaten, she assisted in preparing potatoes and threw herself onto the fire for a hāngi feast. When the pā at Kekeparaoa had been breached, many of the imprisoned occupants were shared between the victorious tribes. Burns says he witnessed about 60 of the prisoners being killed and eaten; the flesh being cooked in a hāngi or smoked for transportation to fellow tribal members.

paragraph: The schooner "Prince of Denmark" arrived at Poverty Bay and Burns was then engaged by the captain to continue as a flax trader at £3.0 a month. He agreed to establish himself further north at Uawa which was named Tolaga Bay by Captain James Cook. When he arrived at Uawa, Burns settled on the northern side of the Uawa river with Te Urunga Wera while on the southern side another white man traded for Captain John Rudolphus Kent with Te Aitanga-a-Hauiti. From 1832 to 1834 he sent about 107 tons of flax to Sydney and he considered these his happiest years in New Zealand. Burns claimed to have been made a chief of over 600. The remaining part of his face and parts of his body were tattooed at nearby Waihau (Loisels beach).

paragraph: While at Uawa in about April 1833, Barnet Burns learned that three Englishmen were being held captive on the Waiapu River, near East Cape, the easternmost point of the North Island of New Zealand. A whaling vessel, "Elizabeth", captain Black, had stopped at East Cape for provisions and during her stay three of the crew had run away. In return captain Black had seized 15 of the local Ngāti Porou and taken them away on the "Elizabeth". Burns took a waka with about 60 men and after three days they had travelled from Uawa to Waiapu and found the Englishmen confined at a pā which was probably at Whakawhitira. The chief Kakatarau

paragraph: Section::::Departure from Uawa.

paragraph: In October 1834 the ship "Bardaster", Captain John Thomas Chalmers arrived at Uawa. Burns loaded his trade of flax and advised Captain Chalmers that he wished to settle with his employer in Sydney and so Burns paid £5 for a passage. He bid farewell to his wife and children and Burns accompanied the ship to Sydney via Cloudy Bay and Queen Charlotte Sound. His children were daughters Tauhinu, Mokoraurangi and son Hori Waiti, who may have been born soon after Burns' departure. Te Amotawa later married the Māori chief Te Kani-a-Takirau.

paragraph: Soon after the "Bardaster" arrived at Sydney on 2 November 1834, Barnet Burns arranged to transfer his grant of land at Tambourine Bay to Captain John Thomas Chalmers. At that time thousands of convicts resided in New South Wales and as Burns roamed the streets of Sydney his facial tattoo aroused suspicion that he had submitted to the operation of tattooing in order to prevent being recognised.

paragraph: On 24 February 1835 the "Bardaster" departed Sydney for England with Barnet Burns aboard earning his passage in his former role as a sailor.

paragraph: Section::::Initial appearances of Pahe-a-Range in England.

paragraph: By mid-1835 Barnet Burns had left the ship "Bardaster" and returned to London. On 1 June 1835 Barnet Burns married Bridget Cain at the Christ Church Greyfriars opposite St Paul's Cathedral but little else is known about this union.

paragraph: Barnet Burns soon published a booklet about his experiences in Australia and New Zealand. Copyright for the booklet was obtained at the Worshipful Company of Stationers’ Hall at Ludgate Hill, London on 1 September 1835. Burns' publication had the lengthy title: "A Brief Narrative of the Remarkable History of Barnet Burns, an English sailor; who has lately been exhibiting at the Surrey Zoological Gardens and other Places of Amusement. With a faithful account of the way in which he became a chief of one of the tribes of the New Zealanders: together with a few remarks on the manners and customs of the people, and other interesting matter."

paragraph: Barnet Burns commenced a career of showman and lecturer. His initial appearances in London included the Surrey Zoological Gardens (later the Royal Surrey Gardens), Victoria Theatre (now the Old Vic), Surrey Theatre and Astley's Amphitheatre. Introduced as Barnet Burns, The New Zealand Chief, he performed various Māori songs and dances, including the haka, and he described customs of the Māori. Upon obtaining an opportunity to appear at the Surrey Zoological Gardens, Barnet Burns had "made merry in honour of his engagement". The tattooed Englishman was brought before the Police Magistrate at Union Hall, London but Burns was soon "discharged and, out of spirits, [he had] taken to water".

paragraph: An edition of Burns' booklet was published at Southampton in 1836 and in April Thomas Morgan wrote to the Foreign Office suggesting that Burns could lead a colonisation of New Zealand or the new colony of South Australia.

paragraph: Burns proposed the establishment of a small colony of artisans and tradesmen under his protection, and offered to supply the British government and merchants with timber and flax. There is no record of the British government accepting Burns' proposal. Later in April 1836, Burns entertained in the Portsmouth and Portsea Theatre at the conclusion of a romance play.

paragraph: Barnet Burns had styled himself as "Pahe-a-Range" and in May 1836 he appeared at the Chichester Mechanics' Institution, where his lectures were described as "one incongruous jumble of impudence, of ignorance, of low wit, and bare-faced presumption". This description was criticized by a reporter who attended lectures by Burns at the Town Hall of Brighton and recommended that Burns obtain the assistance of someone to help arrange the lectures. Despite Burns' shortcomings, the reporter stated that "those who go to a lecture to obtain information, without caring by what means it is conveyed, could, notwithstanding the rambling and unconnected nature of his address, gather sufficient to remunerate them for the money and time expended in attending it."

paragraph: Section::::Chef de tribu de la Nouvelle Zélande.

paragraph: Barnet Burns moved to France in late 1836. An unsuccessful appearance before the Académie des sciences at the Institut de France in Paris resulted in the academicians being annoyed at being deceived by Burns, who had apparently claimed to be "King of Zealand".

paragraph: In 1837 Burns appeared at Nantes where he

paragraph: exhibited himself at a shop in rue de Gorges with an assurance that he would remain civilized for visitors. Burns was described as a cannibal, but in his booklet he is careful to avoid any suggestion that he himself consumed human flesh.

paragraph: On 22 September 1838 Barnet Burns married a French workwoman named Anne Mélanie Boval at the town hall of the 7th arrondissement of Paris. Anne Boval was born in Paris on 1 April 1820 to Jean Baptiste Boval and Jeanne Louise Couchard.

paragraph: Burns and his wife lived at 16 Rue Pastourelle in the 3rd arrondissement of Paris and had two children who, it appears, died young.

paragraph: Barnet Burns presented himself as a tattooed New Zealand Chief at the nearby Boulevard du Temple.

paragraph: Barnet Burns' booklet was published at Rouen in about 1839 and in 1840 he was at Le Havre. Burns was apparently summoned by Queen Victoria to take part in an English expedition to New Zealand in the capacity of interpreter. Following his departure, Burns' wife, Anne never heard from him again.

paragraph: Section::::Possible return visit to New Zealand.

paragraph: There is circumstantial evidence for Barnet Burns making a return trip to New Zealand between February 1839 and October 1840.

paragraph: Barnet Burns had expressed a desire to return to New Zealand and had applied to join the expedition of the New Zealand Company on its ship "Tory" which sailed from London on 4 May 1839. His wife in France, Anne (née Boval) understood that in 1840 Barnet Burns had travelled as an interpreter for an English expedition to New Zealand. Several English newspapers reported on a visit by Barnet Burns in about 1841. and it appears that he worked with the Wesleyan missionaries The census undertaken in Britain in June 1841 lists Barnet Burns' occupation as "mariner" which suggests that he had recently sailed. Barnet Burns' son, Hori Waiti, claims to remember his father escaping. Given the short period that Burns initially spent in New Zealand, Hori Waiti would only remember his father if Burns had made a return trip.

paragraph: Finally, Arthur Thomson mentions that: ""One unemployed tattooed Pakeha Maori visited England, and acted the part of a New Zealand savage in several provincial theatres. Here he married an Englishwoman who accompanied him to New Zealand, but she eloped with a Yankee sailor, because the tattooed actor's old Maori wife met him and obtained an influence over him the white woman could not combat."" There are several similarities between this Pākehā Māori and Barnet Burns to suggest that they might be the same person.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage to Mrs Rosina Crowther.

paragraph: The United Kingdom Census 1841 recorded the occupants of every UK household on the night of 6 June 1841 when Barnet Burns, mariner, and Rosina Crowther, pedlar, were lodging at Vincent Street, Sculcoates, Kingston upon Hull. A few days later, The New Zealand Chief, Mr. Burns, delivered two lectures at the Hull Mechanics' Institute. The broadside for the lectures explains how he was saved from being eaten by the "interposition of one of the Chief's daughters; how he ingratiated himself into their favour, submitted to be tattooed and ultimately became chief of a tribe". The broadside continues to advertise that ""he will also exhibit the real head of a New Zealand Chief, his opponent in battle, and describe the operation of tattooing, &c."" Burns was to be accompanied by Mrs Crowther who would ""perform several favourite Airs upon The Musical Glasses at Intervals during the Evening.""

paragraph: On 18 June 1841, Barnet Burns appeared at the Hull Zoological Gardens to participate in a Grand Gala in commemoration of the Battle of Waterloo, which occurred 26 years previously. In addition to his usual repertoire describing Maori customs, Burns appeared on the lake and showed how the Maori rowed their waka including how a chief excited his comrades to action. The Gala included a display of fireworks, Montgolfier balloons and performances from military bands.

paragraph: In January 1842 Barnet Burns had moved to Birmingham where he lectured before the Mechanics' Institution at Newhall Street and where he had a booklet published. By that time he and Rosina had married as the handbill states that ""Mrs. Burns will also perform several admired Airs and Waltzes upon the Musical Glasses"".

paragraph: Section::::Showman and lecturer.

paragraph: From 1842 Barnet Burns and his wife Rosina continued their extensive lecture series. In 1842 alone, appearances by Barnet and Rosina Burns are recorded at the Mechanics' Institution in Hanley, the Burslem and Tunstall Literary and Scientific Institution, Kidderminster Athenæum, Lecture Hall, Wardwick, Derby, the National School at Beeston, the Lincoln Mechanics' Institution and at Dublin.

paragraph: In late 1844 Barnet Burns appeared in London where he was engaged at the Royal Adelaide Gallery. One of New Zealand's early colonists, Jerningham Wakefield was unimpressed by one of Burns' lectures describing how the lecturer dressed "with sandals and strings of beads on his legs and wrists, a leopard-skin petticoat, a necklace of pig's tusks, and a crown of blue feathers a foot long, - sings NZ ditties to a tune!, and talks gibberish, which he translates into romantic poetry." In December 1845 Barnet Burns lodged a complaint to the Police Magistrate at Worship-Street, London against Henry Sproules Edwards, who had disrupted one of Burns' lectures by publicly denouncing him as a fraud.

paragraph: By 1847 Barnet Burns had a manager, Lionel Violet Gyngell who announced appearances by Barnet and Rosina Burns during a tour that included Hawkstone Hall, Shrewsbury, Welshpool, Oswestry and Ellesmere.

paragraph: Editions of Burns' booklet continued to be published where he lectured on his travels through Britain. The 1848 Kendal edition includes a stylised picture of Barnet Burns carrying the head of a tattooed Māori chief. On their tour "Pahe-a-Range" and "Madame Pahe-a-Range" appeared at the

paragraph: Oldham Town Hall, the Beverley Mechanics' Hall, the parish school-house at Burton Agnes before Robert Isaac Wilberforce, York Mechanics' Institute, the parish at Gringley-on-the-Hill, the schoolroom at Lea near Gainsborough before Charles Henry John Anderson and in May 1849 he returned to the Mechanics' Institution at Lincoln. Barnet Burns was dressed "in a buff skin dress, which was to represent his skin, various ornaments round his neck of bones, &c., a belt round him composed of human skin" and "the sceptre ... which had a head on it, the eyes of which were supposed to be the eyes of their deities". He encouraged his audience to consider New Zealand for immigration saying there was "no clime better calculated to suit the Englishman" and through the efforts of the missionaries New Zealand had "become civilized".

paragraph: In about 1850, Burns gave his lectures in Manchester and one of the people in the audience was the wife of William Leonard Williams who was to be sent like his father as a missionary to New Zealand. In 1853 W. L. Williams presented Burns' booklet and a picture of Burns to his son, Hori Waiti, in front of a crowd at Tokomaru Bay. Williams had already checked the veracity of the booklet and picture, but he asked publicly if Burns was recognised and it was confirmed and Hori Waiti learnt that Burns was his father. This picture of Barnet Burns is still in the family.

paragraph: A tour through Cornwall in early 1853 included lectures at the Assembly Room in Truro, the Town Hall in Redruth and Union Hall in Penzance. By this time Barnet Burns' occupation was given as Lecturer and that of Rosina Burns was given as Professor of Music, her musical glasses producing a harmony that was "indisputably the most exquisite".

paragraph: In November 1856 Barnet Burns and his wife went to Leicester to deliver a course of lectures on New Zealand. Three lectures were advertised, but at the close of the second Burns became ill and was confined to his bed for nearly eight weeks. Rosina Burns sold every available article she possessed but soon they were destitute and an appeal was made for help. By January 1857 Barnet Burns had recovered sufficiently to be able to lecture accompanied, as usual, by Rosina on the musical glasses. Further funds were raised from an edition of Burns' booklet published at Leicester.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Barnet Burns died on 26 December 1860 at Eldad, East Stonehouse, Plymouth. The death certificate stated that "George Barnet Burns", lecturer, died at age 53 and the cause of death was "morbus cordis cirrhosis of liver ascites". There were various times during his life when Burns had been found drunk and it seems that he finally succumbed to his alcoholism. His obituary stated that Barnet Burns was better known as Pahe-a-Range, the New Zealand Chief, that he had suffered a long and painful illness and that he left behind a widow and two children to lament their loss. The identities of the children mentioned in the obituary are not known.

paragraph: Barnet Burns was buried in a common grave on 30 December 1860 at what is now the Ford Park Cemetery, Plymouth.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Colour picture

description: English sailor

wikidata_label: Barnet Burns

wikipedia_title: Barnet Burns


text:
Governor
Bombay Presidency
British India
Company Rule
John Carnac
Bombay
East India Company
director
Fellow of the Royal Society
Member of Parliament
Sandwich
Robert Grant
Rivett-Carnac baronets
Lulu Guinness
Sir Richard Temple, 1st Baronet
Richard Carnac Temple

categories: Directors of the British East India Company,1784 births,Governors of Bombay,UK MPs 1835–1837,1846 deaths,Fellows of the Royal Society,Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom,Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies

paragraph: James Rivett-Carnac

paragraph: Sir James Rivett-Carnac, 1st Baronet (11 November 1784 – 28 January 1846) was the Governor of the Bombay Presidency of British India from 1838 to 1841, during the period of Company Rule. His family name came about in 1801, when his father was made testamentary by his brother-in-law General John Carnac, husband of Elizabeth Rivett (1751–1780).

paragraph: Born in Bombay in 1784, Carnac served the East India Company in India from 1801 and was a director of the Company for various periods between 1827 and 1838.

paragraph: He was made a baronet in 1836 and elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in May 1838.

paragraph: Rivett-Carnac was Member of Parliament (MP) for Sandwich from 1837 to 1839. He succeeded Robert Grant as Governor of Bombay Presidency after the latter's death on 9 July 1838.

paragraph: He died on 28 January 1846 in Rockcliffe, near Lymington, Hampshire In 1815 he had married Anna-Maria, the eldest daughter of William Ricardes of Penglais.

paragraph: Rivett-Carnac is the ancestor of the Rivett-Carnac baronets, of whom the most well-known member today is the bag designer Lulu Guinness (born 1960), daughter of the last baronet.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Richard Temple, 1st Baronet

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richard Carnac Temple

description: British politician, died 1846

wikidata_label: Sir James Rivett-Carnac, 1st Baronet

wikipedia_title: James Rivett-Carnac


text:
Count of Angoulême
Wulgrin I, Count of Angoulême
William II of Angoulême
Count of Angoulême
Histoire P@ssion (in French)

categories: Counts of Angoulême,House of Girard,916 deaths,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Alduin I of Angoulême

paragraph: Alduin (or Hildouin) I (died 27 March 916) was the Count of Angoulême from 886.

paragraph: He was the son of Wulgrin I, Count of Angoulême, whom he succeeded on 3 May 886. Like his father, he was charged with defending parts of Aquitaine against the Viking invaders.

paragraph: Alduin's wife is unknown, but with her he had a son:

paragraph: BULLET::::- William II of Angoulême, a.k.a., William Taillefer I (926 – 945), Count of Angoulême.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://homepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~cousin/html

paragraph: BULLET::::- Histoire P@ssion (in French)

description: Count of Angoulême 886-916

wikidata_label: Alduin I of Angoulême

wikipedia_title: Alduin I of Angoulême


text:
coxless pair
Joke Dierdorp
coxed eight
1976 Summer Olympics

categories: World Rowing Championships medalists for the Netherlands,Olympic rowers of the Netherlands,Rowers at the 1976 Summer Olympics,1951 births,People from Arnhem,Dutch female rowers,Living people

paragraph: Karin Abma

paragraph: Karin Abma (born 5 December 1951) is a retired Dutch rower. She was most successful in the coxless pair, winning two medals with Joke Dierdorp at the world championships of 1977 and 1978. In the coxed eights, she was fourth at the 1975 World Championships and eights at the 1976 Summer Olympics.

description: Dutch rower

wikidata_label: Karin Abma

wikipedia_title: Karin Abma


text:
Short Beach
Connecticut
Tom Luckey
Foote School
Northfield Mount Hermon
Connecticut College
Yale School of Architecture
Tom Luckey
Providence Children's Museum
Children's Museum of Houston
Bülach
Indianapolis Children's Museum
Odyssey
Franklin Institute
Liberty Science Center
SxSW
Sundance Channel

categories: Yale School of Architecture alumni,Northfield Mount Hermon School alumni,1970 births,Sculptors from Connecticut,Living people

paragraph: Spencer Luckey

paragraph: Spencer Walker Luckey is an American artist and president of Luckey Climbers, a design/fabrication firm that specializes in climbing sculptures for children's museums and other institutions world-wide.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Spencer was raised in Short Beach, Connecticut by artist Tom Luckey and Elizabeth Mason. He attended the Foote School, followed by Northfield Mount Hermon and is a graduate of Connecticut College and Yale School of Architecture. He is married to artist Briah Uhl, and they have a son, Clyde.

paragraph: Section::::Luckey LLC.

paragraph: Spencer took over operations in 2006 after his father, Tom Luckey, became paralyzed and has been responsible for the design, fabrication and installation of the climbers. While the head of Luckey Climbers, Spencer has introduced digitally-based techniques of shaping and structural analysis, his work marks a departure from the analogue mode of his father. Of late, Luckey Climbers has also expanded internationally. Recent projects include climbers at the Providence Children's Museum, the Children's Museum of Houston, Formel Fun in Bülach, the Indianapolis Children's Museum, the Gyeonggi Children's Museum, W5 at the Odyssey, the Franklin Institute the Foote School, and the Liberty Science Center.

paragraph: Section::::"Luckey (2008)".

paragraph: Spencer and his family were featured in the documentary, “Luckey”, which focused on Luckey Climbers in the aftermath of the accident which left Tom Luckey paralyzed. The film was shown at SxSW and other festivals, as well as on the Sundance Channel.

description: American artist

wikidata_label: Spencer Luckey

wikipedia_title: Spencer Luckey


text:
Japanese
visual kei
Lareine
Versailles
record label
baroque pop
Versailles
symphonic
neoclassical metal
roadie
visual kei
Malice Mizer
Lareine
Marie Antoinette
New Sodmy
Hizaki
Versailles
Teru
Hizaki Grace Project
Lyrical Sympathy
Rina Koike
Mainichi Broadcasting System
TV Kanagawa
Jupiter
Moi dix Mois
Mana
Aisenshi
Eizo Sakamoto
Anthem
Noble
Jubilee
Holy Grail
Versailles
Official website
Kamijo
Metal Archives

categories: Japanese heavy metal singers,Japanese male rock singers,Japanese male models,Versailles (band) members,1975 births,Japanese male pop singers,Visual kei musicians,Japanese male singer-songwriters,Living people,Japanese male actors

paragraph: Kamijo (musician)

paragraph: Kamijo is a Japanese singer-songwriter, musician, and music producer. He is best known as lead singer of the visual kei bands Lareine and Versailles. He has also been the head of two independent record labels; the first being Applause Records (formed in 2000), and currently Sherow Artist Society since 2006. His music covers many genres, Lareine having mainly a baroque pop style, and Versailles a clear symphonic and neoclassical metal sound. He has an extensive discography with the bands Lareine, New Sodmy and Versailles, consisting of 15 albums, and a large amount of EPs and singles. In 2013, Kamijo began a solo career with his debut single "Louis ~Enketsu no La Vie en Rose~".

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Kamijo was raised in a family of musicians; his mother and grandmother were both piano players, and his grandfather a violinist. His first steps in rock were in the mid-1990s, when he worked as a roadie for the visual kei rock band Malice Mizer. He shared this job with Mayu, a guitarist with whom he formed the band Lareine.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:1994–2007: Lareine.

paragraph: In August 1994, Mayu and Kamijo (then using the names Maito and Shoki respectively) met for the first time while they were working as roadies for Malice Mizer. The same year, in November, they decided to form a band together, which they named "Laliene ru cheri", commonly called just Laliene (named that way for the French Queen Marie Antoinette). Along with guitarist Sakuren and drummer Kyouka, they began to play. Later bass player Emiru entered the band, completing the first line-up.

paragraph: In March 1996, Laliene held a live concert for their first anniversary, where they changed the name of the band to Lareine. That same year they released their first recording "Saikai no Hana", distributed freely at the anniversary concert in a limited number of 100 copies. They signed with Sony in 1998 and released the songs "Metamorphose", "Fiançailles", "Fuyu Tokyo" and "Lillie Charlotte". After many years of releasing many albums, EPs and singles, during a short separation of the band, Kamijo created the band New Sodmy, and recorded two albums and five singles.

paragraph: New Sodmy disbanded while Lareine was reformed in 2003 and started releasing new material.

paragraph: In February 2007, Lareine finally came to its end, having played their last live on October 31, 2006. The last recording of Lareine consists of 10 piano versions of their most popular songs.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:2007–2012: Versailles.

paragraph: In March 2007, Kamijo and Hizaki (ex-Sulfuric Acid), and Jasmine You (ex-Jakura), formed the band Versailles. Later, Teru (ex-Aikaryu) and Yuki (ex-Sugar Trip), who were recommended by the Rock May Kan venue in Tokyo, joined the band. Hizaki, Jasmine You and Teru previously played together as part of Hizaki Grace Project.

paragraph: Kamijo and Hizaki created the concept of Versailles in the autumn of 2006 and spent six months gathering members to express it. Their band concept is "the absolute youshikibi (beauty of form) sound and extremes of aestheticism". On March 30, 2007 the details of the band were announced. They released promotional material through the internet, set up an English language page on MySpace, and had several interviews with foreign press. Versailles made their first appearance with a showcase on June 23, followed by their first performance on June 24. On these dates they also distributed their first single and DVD single, "The Revenant Choir".

paragraph: The band signed with the German CLJ Records label and released the EP "Lyrical Sympathy" on October 31, both in Japan and Europe. Their song "The Love From A Dead Orchestra" also appeared on a compilation album released by Sony BMG in Germany on November 9, called "Tokyo Rock City". On September 23, 2008, Kamijo modeled clothing for the brand Alice and the Pirates on the runway at Individual Fashion Expo IV.

paragraph: In January 2011, he and the rest of Versailles started starring in their own TV mini drama called . The show also starred Rina Koike and aired on Mainichi Broadcasting System and TV Kanagawa until March. On December 20, 2012, Versailles gave their last concert and ceased all activities. The band released four albums, one EP, eight singles, two live albums, ten music videos, one compilation albums and several DVDs.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:2013: Solo career.

paragraph: In January 2013, Kamijo announced he would start a solo career, with his first release being the single "Louis ~Enketsu no La Vie en Rose~" on August 28. While all the other members of Versailles later formed the band Jupiter with a new singer, and released their first album the same day as Kamijo's single. The music video for Kamijo's single features Malice Mizer and Moi dix Mois leader Mana.

paragraph: Kamijo also sang backup on the 2013 debut album "Heartstrings" by Aisenshi, the new band of Eizo Sakamoto (Anthem) and She-Ja (Volcano).

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Solo

paragraph: Singles

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Moulin Rouge" (June 18, 2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mademoiselle" (September 27, 2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nosferatu" (January 16, 2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Eye of Providence" (July 24, 2019)

paragraph: Albums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Symphony of the Vampire" (March 5, 2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Heart" (September 24, 2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Royal Blood —Revival Best— (July 15, 2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sang" (March 21, 2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lareine

paragraph: BULLET::::- New Sodmy

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Confess to a Crime" (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Confess to a Love" (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Versailles

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Noble" (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jubilee" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Holy Grail" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Versailles" (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lineage" (2017)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.jpopasia.com/celebrity/kamijo/

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://nerimaku.altervista.org/kamijo.htm

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://gyao.yahoo.co.jp/ct/music/

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.oricon.co.jp/prof/artist/14373/profile/full/

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.jame-world.com/us/artists-biography-36-lareine.html

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kamijo at Metal Archives

description: Japanese singer

wikidata_label: Kamijo

wikipedia_title: Kamijo (musician)


text: New Haven, Connecticut

text: Finding Your Roots

text: Henry Louis Gates, Jr.

text: Ken Burns

text: James Carville

text: Mary Matalin

text: David Gergen

text: Doris Kearns Goodwin

text: Angela Lansbury

text: Thomas M. Menino

text: HRH Princess Michael of Kent

text: American Antiquarian Society

text: Boston Athenæum

text: Colonial Society of Massachusetts

text: Massachusetts Historical Society

categories: Writers from New Haven, Connecticut,Boston University alumni,American non-fiction writers,Living people,Year of birth missing (living people)

paragraph: D. Brenton Simons

paragraph: D. Brenton Simons is president and CEO of the New England Historic Genealogical Society (AmericanAncestors.org), the founding genealogical organization in America, and is a nonfiction history author. His specialty is the history of pre-Federal Boston and genealogical art and iconography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Simons was born in New Haven, Connecticut, and attended schools in Connecticut, South Carolina, and Switzerland. He is a graduate of Boston University (CGS'86, COM'88, SED'94), and following studies in England, returned to Boston where he has lived since 1988. In 1993, he joined the staff of the New England Historic Genealogical Society and in 2005 was appointed its president and CEO. During his tenure, membership in the organization has grown dramatically and he recently led the Society’s $55 million capital campaign. Under his leadership, NEHGS has served as the anchor location of the PBS television series "Finding Your Roots with Henry Louis Gates, Jr." and has held events where Simons has honored Ken Burns, James Carville and Mary Matalin, David Gergen, Doris Kearns Goodwin, Angela Lansbury, Thomas M. Menino, and HRH Princess Michael of Kent, with Lifetime Achievement Awards. He is the author of "Witches, Rakes, and Rogues: True Stories of Scam, Scandal, Murder, and Mayhem, 1620-1775", and "Boston Beheld: Antique Town & Country Views".

paragraph: Section::::Organizations and honors.

paragraph: Simons is a member of the American Antiquarian Society, a proprietor of the Boston Athenæum, a former board member of the Colonial Society of Massachusetts, a member of the Club of Odd Volumes, and is a fellow of the Massachusetts Historical Society. His book, "Witches, Rakes, and Rogues", received the 2006 Award of Merit from the American Association for State and Local History.

description: American genealogist

wikidata_label: D. Brenton Simons

wikipedia_title: D. Brenton Simons


text: A Perfect Circle

text: Eagles of Death Metal

text: Thirty Seconds to Mars

text: Ashes Divide

text: Puscifer

text: Palm Springs, California

text: bass guitar

text: Los Angeles

text: Musicians Institute

text: Billy Howerdel

text: A Perfect Circle

text: Ashes Divide

text: Andy Gerold

text: Keep Telling Myself It's Alright

text: Seether

text: Stone Temple Pilots

text: Filter

text: Projekt Revolution

text: Puscifer

text: Rani Sharone

text: A Perfect Circle

text: Maynard James Keenan

text: Josh Freese

text: James Iha

text: Thirty Seconds to Mars

text: November 2015 Paris attacks

text: Bataclan

text: Puscifer

text: Conditions of My Parole

text: Donkey Punch the Night

text: Money Shot

text: A Perfect Circle

text: Three Sixty

text: Eat the Elephant

categories: Guitarists from California,21st-century American bass guitarists,Musicians from Palm Springs, California,Living people,American rock keyboardists,American male bass guitarists,A Perfect Circle members,Survivors of terrorist attacks,November 2015 Paris attacks,1983 births,Alternative rock bass guitarists,21st-century American guitarists,American rock bass guitarists

paragraph: Matt McJunkins

paragraph: Matt McJunkins is an American musician best known for touring and recording with the American rock band A Perfect Circle. He is a former touring bassist for Eagles of Death Metal. He is one of the founding members of The Beta Machine, a rock band formed with Jeff Friedl. McJunkins has also worked with Thirty Seconds to Mars, Ashes Divide, Puscifer, and Socadia.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Matt McJunkins was raised in Palm Springs, California, where he started playing bass guitar at the age of 13. After high school, McJunkins moved to Los Angeles to pursue a music career. He attended the Musicians Institute and honed in on his craft while writing music and playing in several rock bands.

paragraph: In 2008, Billy Howerdel from A Perfect Circle asked McJunkins to join his side project Ashes Divide, with Jeff Friedl, Andy Gerold and Adam Monroe completing the line-up. The band toured extensively in support of their debut album "Keep Telling Myself It's Alright" (2008), opening concerts for Seether, Stone Temple Pilots, and Filter, and also performed at the Projekt Revolution festival. McJunkins later toured with Puscifer, sharing bass guitar with Rani Sharone.

paragraph: In September 2010, A Perfect Circle announced that they would reform and McJunkins was asked to join on bass alongside co-founders Billy Howerdel and Maynard James Keenan with Josh Freese and James Iha. In the following years, McJunkins formed The Beta Machine with Jeff Friedl and toured with Thirty Seconds to Mars in 2011.

paragraph: McJunkins was on stage with Eagles of Death Metal during the November 2015 Paris attacks, and escaped the Bataclan with the rest of the band.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Puscifer

paragraph: BULLET::::- ""C" is for (Please Insert Sophomoric Genitalia Reference HERE)" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Conditions of My Parole" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Donkey Punch the Night" (2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Money Shot" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- With A Perfect Circle

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Three Sixty" (2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Eat the Elephant" (2018)

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Matt McJunkins

wikipedia_title: Matt McJunkins


text:
Downey, California
American
musician
surfer
Brushfire Records
Universal Music
Animal Liberation Orchestra
G. Love
Matt Costa
Jay Alders
Sunny Abberton
Recycled Recipes
Pass It Around
Jay Alders
Donavon Frankenreiter
Move by Yourself
The Abbey Road Sessions (DVD)
Recycled Recipes EP
Pass It Around
Wrasse Records
Donavon Alive in Tahiti (DVD)
Revisited
Glow
Recycled Recipes, Vol. 2 EP
Start Livin'
Jack Johnson
Kelly Slater's Pro Surfer

categories: Wrasse Records artists,Guitarists from California,Songwriters from California,1972 births,American rock guitarists,American rock singers,American singer-songwriters,21st-century American guitarists,21st-century American singers,American surfers,American male songwriters,American rock songwriters,Lost Highway Records artists,Surf musicians,Living people,American male guitarists,Musicians from Downey, California

paragraph: Donavon Frankenreiter

paragraph: Donavon Frankenreiter (born December 10, 1972 in Downey, California) is an American musician and surfer. His debut self-titled album was released in 2004 on Brushfire Records through Universal Music.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In November 2007, Donavon toured throughout Brazil on the Mostra Alma Surf Festival with bands, Animal Liberation Orchestra, G. Love and Matt Costa, along with Surf Artists Jay Alders, Nathan Gibbs, Céline Chat, Surf Photographer Sean Davey, and Surf Film Maker Sunny Abberton.

paragraph: An acoustic EP of cover songs called "Recycled Recipes" landed in 2007, with the polished full-length "Pass It Around" following in 2008. For the "Pass It Around" Tour, Donavon teamed up with surf artist and friend, Jay Alders to design a Limited Edition Tour Poster.

paragraph: In 2010 Donavon parted ways with Lost Highway Records, and formed his own label, Liquid Tambourine Records. He subsequently recorded and released his fourth studio album of original material entitled "Glow", which was produced by Mark Weinberg.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Sunchild

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mr Jesus" (1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Barefoot & Live" (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "California Honey" (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Galaxy Session" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Solo

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Donavon Frankenreiter" (2004) #165 US

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Move by Yourself" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Abbey Road Sessions (DVD)" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Recycled Recipes EP" (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pass It Around" (2008) Wrasse Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Donavon Alive in Tahiti (DVD)" (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Revisited" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Glow" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Recycled Recipes, Vol. 2 EP" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Start Livin'" (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Heart" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Revisited 2" (2019)

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Jack Johnson and G.Love

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Some Live Songs EP" (2005)

paragraph: Section::::Video game appearances.

paragraph: Frankenreiter is a playable character in the video game "Kelly Slater's Pro Surfer".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

description: American musician and surfer

wikidata_label: Donavon Frankenreiter

wikipedia_title: Donavon Frankenreiter


text: New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts

text: Royal Academy of Arts

text: Paris Salon

text: Dunedin

text: Otago

text: Wellington

text: Wellington Technical College

text: James Nairn

text: Mary Tripe

text: Mabel Hill

categories: 1956 deaths,New Zealand women artists,1880 births

paragraph: Maud Winifred Sherwood

paragraph: Maud Winifred Kimbell Sherwood (1880–1956) was a notable New Zealand artist, exhibiting at the New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts, the Royal Academy of Arts, London and the Paris Salon.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Kimbell was born in Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand in 1880. In the 1890's her family moved to Wellington. She studied art at the Wellington Technical College and was taught by James Nairn, Mary Tripe and Mabel Hill.

paragraph: Kimbell traveled and studied in Europe from 1911 through 1913. Upon leaving Europe she settled in Australia

paragraph: In 1917 she married Alfred Charles Sherwood whom she divorces in 1922. In 1925 she returned to New Zealand, traveling back to Europe in 1926 where she stayed and exhibited for seven years, including and exhibition at the Royal Academy of Arts.

paragraph: Sherwood returned to Australia in 1933 where she was awarded the Coronation Medal in 1937 and an Australian 150th Anniversary Exhibition Medal in 1938. She was a member of the Society of Artists..., Sydney.

paragraph: She died December 1, 1956 in Katoomba, Australia

paragraph: Public collections in both New Zealand and Australia hold her paintings.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Works by Sherwood held at Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Works by Sherwood held at the Auckland Art Gallery

alias:
Maud Sherwood
Maud W. Sherwood
Maud Winifred Kimbell
M. W. Sherwood

description: New Zealand artist (1880-1956)

wikidata_label: Maud Winifred Sherwood

wikipedia_title: Maud Winifred Sherwood


text: Gage County, Nebraska

text: Tifton, Georgia

text: agricultural scientist

text: plant breeding

text: pearl millet

text: food production

text: bermuda grass

text: athletic field

text: National Medal of Science

text: Ronald Reagan

text: biological science

text: National Academy of Sciences

text: University of Nebraska-Lincoln

text: Rutgers University

text: American Society of Agronomy

text: American Society of Agronomy

text: Rutgers University

text: University of Nebraska

text: Agricultural Institute of Canada

text: National Academy of Sciences

text: USDA

text: University of Nebraska

text: University of Nebraska

text: National Medal of Science

text: University of Georgia

text: Crop Science Society of America

text: Alexander von Humboldt

text: Grassland Society of Southern Africa

categories: American agriculturalists,2005 deaths,Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences,1910 births

paragraph: Glenn W. Burton

paragraph: Glenn W. Burton (May 5, 1910 near Clatonia, Gage County, Nebraska – November 22, 2005 Tifton, Georgia) was an American agricultural scientist notable for his pioneering work in plant breeding, development of pearl millet in 1956 and for other contributions that helped increase world food production.

paragraph: Burton was also known for the development of bermuda grasses used on athletic fields. Of these, his Tifton 419 was the most widely used bermuda grass in the world as of 2006.

paragraph: Burton received the National Medal of Science from President Ronald Reagan: "For outstanding contributions to the biological sciences that have helped to feed the hungry, protect and beautify the environment, and provide recreation for millions."

paragraph: Burton was a member of the National Academy of Sciences and chair of the Agronomic Science Foundation.

paragraph: Section::::Education.

paragraph: Burton received his bachelor's degree from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln in 1932. He received his master's degree in 1933 and Ph.D. in 1936 from Rutgers University.

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: His notable awards, honors and distinctions included:

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1949 - American Society of Agronomy Stevenson Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1949 - Fellow, American Society of Agronomy

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1955 - Honorary D.Sc. degree from Rutgers University

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1962 - Honorary D.Sc. degree from University of Nebraska

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1968 - Agricultural Institute of Canada Recognition Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1973 - DuPont Foundation Medal for Distinguished Service to Man

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1975 - Elected to the National Academy of Sciences

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1979 - DeKalb Crop Science Distinguished Career Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1980 - USDA Distinguished Service Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1980 - Southern Turfgrass Association Honorary Member Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1981 - President's Award for Distinguished Federal Civilian Service

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1982 - University of Nebraska Alumni Achievement Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1982 - University of Nebraska Master Alumni Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1982 - National Medal of Science, presented by President Reagan

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1984 - Elected into University of Georgia Agricultural Alumni Hall of Fame

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1985 - Fellow, Crop Science Society of America

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988 - The Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988 - Honorary membership in the Grassland Society of Southern Africa

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1994 - Inducted into Georgia Turfgrass Hall of Fame

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995 - Inducted into Georgia Golf Hall of Fame

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997 - Inducted into Georgia Cattlemen's Hall of Fame

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997 - Crop Science Society of America Presidential Award

description: American agricultural scientist

wikidata_label: Glenn W. Burton

wikipedia_title: Glenn W. Burton


href: chemist poet London

text: chemist poet London

categories: People from London,1835 births,New Zealand chemists,English emigrants to New Zealand,1900 deaths

paragraph: William Skey

paragraph: William Skey (April 8, 1835 – October 4, 1900) was a New Zealand chemist and poet. He was born in London, England in 1835.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- William Skey (1935-1900); a Centenary in the History of Solvent Extraction, 1967, Chemistry and Industry, p 1780

paragraph: BULLET::::- In Memoriam, 1902, Transactions of the Royal Society of New Zealand, p 554

description: New Zealand chemist and poet

wikidata_label: William Skey

wikipedia_title: William Skey


text:
Major
DSO
Bar
military intelligence
Second World War
Auckland
2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force
Battle of Greece
Battle of Crete
Special Operations Executive
Z Special Unit
Melbourne
Services Reconnaissance Department
Balikpapan
Indonesia
Birkenhead
Takapuna Grammar School
New Zealand Herald
Second World War
New Zealand Military Forces
2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force
Royal New Zealand Artillery
sergeant
2nd Division
Egypt
"Aquitania"
defence of Greece
Crete
German intervention
Battle of Crete
Athens
Special Operations Executive
Greece
Asopos Viaduct
Distinguished Service Order
Eddie Myers
Victoria Cross
EDES
ELAS
National Liberation Front
Gestapo
bar
Services Reconnaissance Department
major
Borneo
USS "Perch"
Japanese
Balikpapan
folboat

categories: New Zealand military personnel of World War II,People from Auckland,Special Operations Executive personnel,New Zealand prisoners of war in World War II,1945 deaths,1914 births,Z Special Unit personnel,New Zealand military personnel killed in World War II

paragraph: Donald Stott

paragraph: Major Donald John Stott, DSO & Bar (23 October 1914 – 20 March 1945) was a New Zealand soldier and military intelligence agent during the Second World War.

paragraph: Born in Auckland, Stott volunteered for the 2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force shortly after the outbreak of the Second World War. Serving with an artillery unit, Stott took part in the Battle of Greece, and the subsequent Battle of Crete. Captured by the Germans on Crete, he successfully escaped from a prisoner of war camp after several months of internment. Making his way back to Egypt, he joined the Special Operations Executive in 1942 and was dispatched to Greece to support the local resistance efforts against the Germans. In 1944, he transferred to the Z Special Unit, which was based in Melbourne, Australia as part of the Services Reconnaissance Department. Appointed commander of Robin 1, a small team formed to collect intelligence in the Southwest Pacific, he disappeared, presumed drowned, on 20 March 1945 while leading his team on a reconnaissance mission to Balikpapan Bay, Indonesia.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Born on 23 October 1914, Stott was the son of a butcher in Birkenhead in Auckland. Educated at Northcote Primary School and then at Takapuna Grammar School, Stott was a keen sportsman. Upon finishing his education, he was employed at the New Zealand Herald as a rotary machinist.

paragraph: Section::::Military career.

paragraph: Following the outbreak of the Second World War, Stott enlisted in the New Zealand Military Forces in December 1939 and volunteered for the 2nd New Zealand Expeditionary Force (2NZEF). Posted to 5th Field Regiment, Royal New Zealand Artillery, he was quickly promoted to sergeant. In 1940, he embarked with the 2nd Echelon of the 2nd Division, which had been formed from the personnel of the 2NZEF, for Egypt. However, during transit the ship on which he was traveling, the "Aquitania", was diverted to England.

paragraph: In March 1941, Stott was shipped with the 2nd Echelon to Egypt to join up with the 1st Echelon of the 2nd Division, which had been in the country since February 1940, and then onto Greece to take part in the defence of Greece. The New Zealanders, together with other Allied forces, were forced to retreat to the island of Crete following the German intervention in Greece. He was wounded and captured during the subsequent Battle of Crete.

paragraph: Stott described the wound in a letter home as being '"not at all severe. I was hit by a bullet just above the knee (right) on the inside of the leg and it did not strike a bone so I was lucky", and it was not so serious as to prevent him escaping a prisoner of war camp in Greece. Together with another New Zealander, Bob Morton, Stott vaulted the fence of the camp in broad daylight and successfully evaded the German guards with the help of Greek police who led the pursuing Germans astray. After spending several months in and around Athens, Stott and Morton were eventually able to get to Egypt, crossing the Mediterranean by sailboat.

paragraph: Following recuperation from his adventures in Greece, Stott was posted to Officer Training School (OTC). It was during his time at OTC that he was asked to conduct sabotage missions in Greece for the Special Operations Executive (SOE), a request he gladly accepted.

paragraph: Section::::Military career.:Special Operations Executive.:Greece.

paragraph: Stott, by now commissioned as a captain, returned to Greece with his fellow escapee, Bob Morton, in 1942. Stott was to utilise his knowledge of the country, accumulated during the several months that he and Morton spent on the run from the Germans following their escape from captivity, to join the British Military Mission that was then based in Greece and co-ordinating the Greek resistance efforts.

paragraph: In 1943, Stott, together with fellow SOE operative Geoffrey Gordon-Creed, destroyed the Asopos Viaduct. This was an important operation, as it resulted in the diversion of German troops destined for the frontlines to occupation duties in Greece. For his exploits, Stott was awarded a Distinguished Service Order (DSO), after the commander of the British Military Mission in Greece, Brigadier Eddie Myers originally recommended Stott for a Victoria Cross (VC). Myers considered that the VC would have been awarded had a shot been fired during the Asopos mission. Remaining in Greece and continuing his sabotage operations, Stott received a head wound when blowing up a bridge and was forced seek medical help from acquaintances in Athens.

paragraph: Now based in Athens and tasked with the sabotage of aerodromes around the capital, Stott was able to get the various factions of the Greek resistance to work together. However, the planned sabotage operations came to nothing as it was realised the targeted aerodromes were too well defended. His efforts to co-ordinate the Greek resistance meant that Stott became embroiled in the internal power struggle between the various Greek resistance groups. Reputedly a staunch anti-communist, Stott favoured working with the EDES, a rightist resistance group, rather than the communist controlled ELAS, the military wing of the National Liberation Front. Greek SOE operatives became concerned that Stott was being manipulated by his EDES contacts, some of whom were of questionable character.

paragraph: Matters came to a head in November 1943, when the mayor of Athens contacted Stott with back channel peace overtures from the Germans. While the approach was initially dismissed, Stott decided to explore the opportunity in order to collect useful intelligence on Germany's position in Greece. Stott met with key representatives of the Gestapo and, as negotiations became more protracted, Stott began to take them seriously. It became clear that any withdrawal from Greece by the Germans would be at the exclusion of the ELAS from the peace process. When senior SOE officers in Cairo became aware of the extent of the negotiations that Stott was facilitating between the Germans and the Greeks, he was ordered to abandon his negotiations and return to Egypt. Following a debriefing held in Cairo, Stott was awarded a bar to his DSO as a result of the useful intelligence he collected during the negotiations.

paragraph: Section::::Military career.:Special Operations Executive.:Z Special Unit.

paragraph: Stott was not allowed to return to Greece following his recent exploits in the country. Instead, after being offered a staff job which was declined, he opted to be seconded to the Australian equivalent of the SOE, the Services Reconnaissance Department, to undertake operations in the Far East. Stott briefly returned to New Zealand where he married Mary Snow in June 1944.

paragraph: The following month, Stott commenced intensive training at various bases around Australia, including receiving instructions in small boat handling and submarine insertion. In 1945, and by now promoted to major, he was appointed commander of Operation Robin 1 and tasked with conducting sabotage and intelligence missions in Southeast Borneo. A submarine, the USS "Perch", transported Stott and his twelve-man team to Japanese occupied Balikpapan Bay. Arriving in the bay on 20 March 1945, Stott was to lead an initial party of four ashore in a pair of two-man Hoehn MKIII military folboats. This was followed by the remainder of his team two days later. Launching at night in heavy swells, Stott had trouble with the motor of his folboat, and he and his companion were forced to use paddles to try to get to shore. En route, the party was detected by the Japanese and were ordered by Stott to seek an alternative landing site. While the second folboat successfully made it to shore, Stott and his companion were never seen again, and were presumed to have drowned.

description: New Zealand Service Operations Executive personnel

wikidata_label: Donald Stott

wikipedia_title: Donald Stott


text:
swagger
County Clare
Ireland
John A Lee

categories: People from County Clare,Burials at Andersons Bay Cemetery,Irish emigrants to New Zealand,1839 births,1927 deaths

paragraph: Edmond Slattery

paragraph: Edmond (Ned) Slattery (1839 – 11 August 1927), known as "The Shiner", was a notable New Zealand swagger and rural labourer. He was born in County Clare, Ireland in about 1839.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: "Shining With The Shiner" (1950) and "Shiner Slattery" (1964) both written by John A Lee.

description: Swagger, rural labourer

wikidata_label: Edmond Slattery

wikipedia_title: Edmond Slattery


text:
Monza
Giuseppe Parini
Leopoldo Pollack
Accademia di Brera
Giocondo
Giacomo Albertolli
Zanoia
Giacomo Moraglia
San Carlo al Corso
Milan

categories: 18th-century Italian architects,Architects from Milan,1852 deaths,19th-century Italian architects,1776 births

paragraph: Carlo Amati

paragraph: Carlo Amati (22 August 1776 – 23 March 1852) was an Italian architect.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born in Monza, Amati studied under Giuseppe Parini and Leopoldo Pollack in the Accademia di Brera. Amati became an assistant to the brothers Albertolli, Giocondo and Giacomo Albertolli, then under abbot Zanoia. Amati was a contemporary of Giacomo Moraglia.

paragraph: Amati designed the facade of the church of San Carlo al Corso in Milan, the city in which he died.

description: architect

wikidata_label: Carlo Amati

wikipedia_title: Carlo Amati


text: rococo

text: allegorical work

text: The Hague

text: Johann Heinrich Keller

text: Gerrit Mes

text: workshop

text: grisaille

text: Evert Morel

text: Cornelis Kuipers

text: Johan Christiaan Roedig

text: Andries van der Aa

text: view at Artnet

text: view at Artnet

text: view at Artnet

categories: 19th-century Dutch painters,Artists from The Hague,1809 deaths,Dutch male painters,18th-century Dutch painters,1731 births,19th-century male artists

paragraph: Dirk van der Aa

paragraph: Dirk van der Aa (1731 – 23 February 1809) was a Dutch rococo painter who is best known for his allegorical work.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was born in The Hague, and first apprenticed to Johann Heinrich Keller, and then to Gerrit Mes with whom he would later start a workshop; they specialized in grisaille decorative paintings. He counted Evert Morel, Cornelis Kuipers, Johan Christiaan Roedig and Andries van der Aa amongst his students. He died in his home city of The Hague.

paragraph: Section::::Works by Dirk van der Aa.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Allegory of Summer: Cherubs disporting in a landscape" (1775), part of a pair with "Allegory of Autumn" view at Artnet

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Spielende Putten auf Wolken" ("Playing Putti on Clouds") (1773)

paragraph: BULLET::::- An overdoor: Putti desporting on clouds by a vase on pedestal (1773) view at Artnet

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Spielende Putten, Allegorie des Sommers" ("Playing Putti, allegory of summer"), attributed to Dirk van der Aa view at Artnet

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Information at the Netherlands Institute for Art History

alias:
Theodorus van der Ha
Dirk Van Der Aa

description: painter from the Northern Netherlands

wikidata_label: Dirk van der Aa

wikipedia_title: Dirk van der Aa