text: Joseph Fox the elder

text: Edward Long Fox

text: Falmouth

text: apothecary

text: Edinburgh

text: M.D.

text: St. Andrews

text: L.R.C.P.

text: London Hospital

text: Lombard Street, London

text: Edwin Octavius Tregelles

text: John Yelloly

text: Mylor

text: Flushing

text: Quaker

text: puncture

text: Packet Service

text: Mylor Creek

text: Plymouth

text: Charles Church Yard, Plymouth

text: Cornwall

text: disowned

text: Society of Friends

text: Thomas Bradley

text: John Redman Coxe

text: Joseph Fox

text: Plymouth

text: St Dennis

text: Mylor

text: Newton Abbott

text: William Henry Sleeman

text: Redruth

text: Boulogne sur Mer, Fr

text: Charles James

text: Windsor

text: Gardiner Henry Guion

text: Corsica

text: Netherlands

text: Selina Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon

text: De Tremouille

text: Fox of Falmouth

text: Looe

text: Plymouth

text: St Luke

text: Middlesex

text: Esher

text: Surrey

text: Southwark

categories: 19th-century English medical doctors,English Quakers,1758 births,Alumni of the University of St Andrews,1838 deaths

paragraph: Joseph Fox the younger

paragraph: Joseph Fox (1758 – 25 February 1832) was an English apothecary and physician.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was the son of Joseph Fox the elder, and his wife Elizabeth Hingston; and the brother of Edward Long Fox. Another brother, Richard Fox M.D. of Falmouth (1764–1841), was another physician, and he had a physician son Joseph Fox M.D. of Falmouth, who is therefore possible to confuse with the Joseph Fox who died in 1832.

paragraph: Fox, after practicing in Falmouth for some years as an apothecary, "acquired by marriage and his profession a small independence" and decided to try his fortune in London as a physician. He studied at Edinburgh and in 1783 graduated M.D. at St. Andrews. Settling in London, he was admitted L.R.C.P. in 1788, and in 1789 was elected physician to the London Hospital. In 1792 the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh made him a fellow.

paragraph: When Fox settled among them, Londoners of the Society of Friends were helpful. It was through the influence of Thomas Smith, a banker, of Lombard Street, London, a relative through the Tregelles family (see also Edwin Octavius Tregelles), and other wealthy men, that he became Physician to the London Hospital. This was a period of acrimony at the hospital, in its elections, and both Fox, in post for 11 years, and his successor were regarded as "of no particular election", owing their position to non-medical influence; medical merit was only rewarded, according to the staff view, with the election of John Yelloly, after that of Isaac Buxton.

paragraph: In 1800 Fox resigned his post at the London Hospital, in favour of his private practice. Having made a fortune enough to retire on, he left London, having disposed of the practice to Dr. Frampton. He went to Falmouth. In retirement, he lived first in his cottage at Mylor, across the water from Falmouth. "But there he was soon found out and drawn into practice, working very hard as a country doctor".

paragraph: Fox was doctor to a merchant ship's Captain, Christopher Buckingham, and to his wife, Thorazine, who lived in Flushing. He brought all their children into the world, and one of them later wrote that at the age of six he was sent to Trevissome Farm "to be' inoculated for the small-pox". If he is correct this would be 1792. He continues "the operation was performed by a worthy Quaker, Dr Fox of Falmouth, and I was for the puncture, which was so suddenly and unexpectedly made that I was saved all the pain of apprehension which is generally greater than that of the wound itself."

paragraph: In 1798 Captain Yescombe of the Packet Service advertised Wood cottage at Greatwood for sale, a property which lay near the ferry crossing at Mylor Creek. Joseph purchased the house, living there for many years. His last years were spent in Plymouth. He was buried in Charles Church Yard, Plymouth.

paragraph: Section::::Conversion.

paragraph: "From the Devonshire House monthly meeting minutes Joseph's wife Eizabeth Peeters had transferred her Friends' Membership from London to Cornwall but there was no mention of Joseph, although he appeared in these minutes in the early 1790s.

paragraph: In autumn 1798, Joseph asked to be disowned by the Society of Friends when he "acknowledged his being convicted in his own mind of the inconsistency of his conduct with the religious principles" and denounced his moral conduct in being the father of an illegitimate child.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Fox planned, and partly compiled, "A New Medical Dictionary" (1803/4). The publishers had it completed by Thomas Bradley. There was an American edition, "The Philadelphia Medical Dictionary", by John Redman Coxe.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Joseph Fox (1758–1832) was the son of Joseph Fox (1729–1785) and Elisabeth Hingston (1733–1792). In Plymouth he married in 1780 his second cousin Elisabeth Peters (St Dennis, 5 Dec 1751 – Mylor, 1830). They shareed the same great–grandparents Philipp Debell (1657–?) and Ann Soady (?–1742).

paragraph: Joseph Fox had four children: according to Burke, these were not with Elisabeth Peters. They were:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Emily (after March 1792 – Newton Abbott, South Devon, 8 March 1866) married Philip Sleeman (1791/2 – 31 Mar 1869), brother of William Henry Sleeman.

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Mary James (Abt 1796 – London, 27 Mar 1866) who married abt 1825 Robert Deeble Mitchel, MD (Redruth, Cornwall, ca 1794 – Boulogne sur Mer, Fr, 2 Nov 1843), issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Sophia James (1798 – London, 10 Dec 1875) who died unmarried

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Charles James (London, 25 Jan 1799 – London, 12 May 1874 married Windsor 12 Aug 1828, Anne Mary Guion (London, 4 Nov 1798 – London, 12 Mar 1876), daughter of Capt. RN Gardiner Henry Guion and Polini from Corsica. (Issue in Canada and the Netherlands)

paragraph: Joseph was witness to the marriage of his son Charles James on 12 Aug 1828

paragraph: The mothers of Fox's children are unknown. Some could be children of a daughter or a sister of Richard James. Emily was brought up as a Quaker, became Protestant and afterwards joined the sect of Selina Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon. The other three were sent to France and brought up as Catholics by "De Tremouille", a French lady.

paragraph: In the "Revised genealogical account of the various families descended from Francis Fox of St. German's, Cornwall", privately printed London, 1872 Joseph and Elizabeth are mentioned on the chart and on the pages 12/13 (Fox of Falmouth) and 19 (Debell of Looe). On pages 13 is stated that "there was not any issue of the marriage"

paragraph: Section::::Family.:Personal dealings.

paragraph: Data on Joseph Fox and his dealings with his lawyers in Plymouth can be found in the Bayly Bartlett papers. He had real estate dealings in London in 1792 with a James family. Thomas Were (a Quaker) is also named in this agreement, regarding a property on the west side of Finsbury Place at the corner of Ropemaker's Street in the Parish of St Luke in the County of Middlesex. Fox seemed to be taking long leases in this new property development real estate.

paragraph: In 1832 Fox also took a 99-year lease on a house at Number 1, The Bank (St) in Falmouth, Cornwall. This dwelling was part of the marriage settlement of Emily (Fox) Sleeman. For one of the London properties, he commissioned a builder in October 1794, to build a house for him at the South West corner of South Street near Finsbury Square, to be completed by August 1795. This house may have been intended for his own use or may have been the residence of his natural (illegitimate) children and their mother.

paragraph: Richard James, of Esher Surrey, died in 1799. He was a wine manufacturer in London. There is an entry in the 1794 directory of London and Westminster and the borough of Southwark – James & Were – British Wine Manufacturers, Finsbury Place. He had a daughter Elizabeth who was married to a William Reave by 1799. His sons Joseph and Benjamin inherited his wine business and had real estate dealings (a quitclaim) with Joseph Fox, of Plymouth, Devon, but late of Mark Lane, London.

description: English physician

wikidata_label: Joseph Fox

wikipedia_title: Joseph Fox the younger


text: Sapporo

text: Ukichiro Nakaya

text: sumi-e

text: Northwestern University

text: Evanston

text: Expo '70

text: Australian National Gallery

text: Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

text: Bill Viola

text: Harajuku

text: Spiral

text: Diller + Scofidio

text: Blur Building

text: Praemium Imperiale

text: Bill Viola

text: Miyagi Museum of Art

text: National Gallery of Australia

text: Canberra

text: Parc de la Villette

text: Paris

text: Showa Memorial Park

text: Tachikawa

text: Kaga

text: Guggenheim Museum Bilbao

text: Shiro Takatani

text: Shiro Takatani

text: Shiro Takatani

text: Exploratorium

text: San Francisco

text: The Glass House

text: IBT15 Bristol International Festival

text: Emerald Necklace Conservancy

text: Japan Art Association

text: Nihon University

text: Lives and works, Fujiko Nakaya

text: PDF

text: Kenjiro Okazaki

categories: Japanese sculptors,21st-century sculptors,1933 births,20th-century sculptors,Northwestern University alumni,People from Sapporo,Experiments in Art and Technology collaborating artists,Living people,Japanese artists

paragraph: Fujiko Nakaya

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Nakaya was born in Sapporo in 1933, where her father Ukichiro Nakaya, who is credited with making the first artificial snowflakes, was at the time an assistant professor at Hokkaido University. Her father later produced a number of documentary films and radio programs and founded Iwanami Productions, a producer of documentary and educational films, and was also an accomplished sumi-e artist.

paragraph: She went to high school in Tokyo, graduating from Japan Women's University High School. After high school, she came to the United States to pursue a degree at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois, USA. She graduated from Northwestern with a Bachelor of Arts in 1957 and went on to study painting in Paris and Madrid up until 1959.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: After spending some time in Europe, Nakaya returned to Japan in 1960, showing her oil paintings in a two person show at the Sherman Art Gallery in Chicago (1960) and later attaining her first solo exhibition featuring twelve of her paintings at the Tokyo Gallery (1962).

paragraph: Nakaya first gained prominence through participating in American art collective Experiments in Art and Technology (E.A.T.) created in 1967. She became the Tokyo representative for the group in 1969 which gave her the platform to create the world's first atmospheric fog sculpture for the Pepsi Pavilion at Expo '70 in Osaka. She has since established many other fog installations at galleries worldwide, including the Australian National Gallery, Canberra and the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao.

paragraph: She opened Japan's first video art gallery named Video Gallery SCAN by friend, collaborator, video artist Bill Viola in Harajuku, in 1980. The gallery sponsored twice annual competitions for new works by artists, thus becoming a platform for promising new video artists to display their work. In 1987, Nakaya organized the Japan International Video Television Festival at Spiral in Tokyo.

paragraph: Nakaya collaborated with architect Atsushi Kitagawara in the early 1990s to create a playground in which dense fog envelops visitors twice each hour. Visitors experience the sense of being lost as the fog develops and being found again as the fog dissipates. The work is intended to evoke a reverence for nature and a reminder of the cycle of life and death.

paragraph: In 2002 she acted as a consultant to architects Diller + Scofidio on Blur Building created for the Swiss Expo 2002 on Lake Neuchâtel inYverdonles-Bains. According to the pair, Nakaya thought their original idea unachievable, but "it was her idea about irregular nozzle concentrations that saved the day."

paragraph: She has received numerous awards including the Australian Cultural Award, the Laser d’Or at the Locarno International Video Festival, the Yoshida Isoya Special Award, the Minister for Posts and Telecommunications Award for artistic contribution to HDTV programming and the Special Achievement Prize at the 2008 Japan Media Arts Festival Nakaya was awarded the Praemium Imperiale award in sculpture from the Japan Art Association in 2018. The first large-scale retrospective of Nakaya's work is on view at the Art Tower Mito in Japan in October, 2018 through January 2019.

paragraph: In an interview on April 27, 2014 with Irene Shum Allen, Nakaya explains that she doesn't directly create images with her fog sculptures, instead the fog is a kind of transducer that reacts to the local meteorological conditions. She comments that the landscape can appear to be largely static until fog is introduced. With the introduction of fog, nature's stories and information are made more accessible to the observer.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970 : Fog Sculpture "PEPSI PAVILION", Expo'70, Osaka

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1974 : Fog Environment for David Tudor Concert "ISLAND EYE ISLAND EAR" (Collaboration with David Tudor, Jacqueline Monnier), Knavelskar Island, Sweden (Produced by E.A.T.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1976 : "Fog Sculpture #94768: Earth Talk", The 2nd Biennale of Sydney, (renamed "Foggy Wake in a Desert" in 1983 for National Gallery of Australia, Canberra)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1980 : "Opal Loop/Cloud Installation #72503", for Trisha Brown Dance Company, New York (recreated in 1981, 1996, and 2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1980 : "Cloud Lake," The 11th International Sculpture Conference

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1980 : "Fog Sculpture: Kawaji", Festival of Light, Sound and Fog, Tochigi (collaboration with Bill Viola)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1981: "Waterfall: An Integrated River", video installation at The Miyagi Museum of Art, Miyagi

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1983 : "Fog Sculpture #94925: Foggy Wake in a Desert: An Ecosphere", National Gallery of Australia, Canberra (permanent installation)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1983 : "Meltee-vee," video installation at Museum of Modern Art, Toyoma

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988 : "Fog Sculpture: Skyline", Jardin de l'eau, Parc de la Villette, Paris

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1990-1 : "Four Wells," video installation, Tokyo Museum of Art,

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992 : "Foggy Forest", Children's Park, Showa Memorial Park, Tachikawa (Tokyo)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1994 : "Greenland Glacial Moraine Garden", Ukichiro Nakaya Museum of Snow and Ice, Kaga City, Japan (Architect : Arata Isozaki), Kaga

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998 : "Fog Sculpture #08025: F.O.G.", Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, Spain (Permanent Collection)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001 : "IRIS", Fog Sculpture in collaboration with Shiro Takatani in Valencia harbour, The 1st Valencia Biennial, Spain

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004 : "Fog Sculpture #28634: "Dialogue", Technology for Living: Experiments in Art and Technology, Norrköpings konstmuseum, Norrköping

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005 : "Fog Chamber-Riga #26422", for Conversations with Snow and Ice, The Natural History Museum of Latvia, Riga

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2010 : "Cloud Forest", fog installation, light and sound in collaboration with Shiro Takatani, commissioned by the Yamaguchi Center for Arts and Media [YCAM]

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011 : fog installation in collaboration with Shiro Takatani, Ishibutai Tumulus , Asuka Historical Park, Nara

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011 : "Fog Garden #07172 - Moss Garden Nicey-sur-Aire", Vent des forêts, Arrondissement de Commercy

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013 : "Fog Bridge #72494", Exploratorium, San Francisco

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014: "Veil," The Glass House, New Canaan, Connecticut

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015 : "Fog Bridge", fog installation and exhibition at the Arnolfini Centre of Contemporary Arts, commissioned for IBT15 Bristol International Festival, England

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018 : "Fog x FLO" includes five site-responsive installations along Fredrick Law Olmsted's Emerald Necklace in celebration of the 20th anniversary of the Emerald Necklace Conservancy

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1976 : Australian Cultural Award -Fog Sculpture #94768 "Earth Talk"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1983 : Finalist, The First International Water Sculpture Competition -Fog Performance "Louisiana Dump"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1990 : Laser d'Or, Locarno Video Festival -Contribution of SCAN

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992 : Minister of Construction Award -"Foggy Forest"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1993 : Yoshida Isoya Special Award -"Foggy Forest"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001 : Minister of Communication Award -Artistic contribution to HDTV Programming

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 : Descartes Science Communication Prize, nominee, EU Commission -Curation of a science and art exhibition "Conversations with snow and ice" in Latvia

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 : Media Arts Festival, Special Achievement Prize -Contribution to Media Arts

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017 : Commandeur, Ordre des Arts et des Lettres, France

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018 : Praemium Imperial Award in Sculpture, Japan Art Association

paragraph: Section::::Other notable achievements.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1979-1998 : lecturer at Nihon University for the Department of Cinema, College of Arts

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1989: "System/apparatus for making a cloud sculpture from water-fog" Patent #1502386

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017: Author Dan Brown, in the novel Origin_(Brown_novel), refers to the work of Nakaya as his character Robert Langdon visits the Guggenheim in Bilbao, Spain in search of former student Edmond Kirsch. Noting that the fog sculpture constantly changes shape, Brown uses the setting to create an ethereal and dramatic scene as Langdon enters the Guggenheim museum.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lives and works, Fujiko Nakaya(PDFfile)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The lucid, unclouded fog―the movement of bright and swinging water particles."(by Kenjiro Okazaki)

description: Japanese artist, known for her fog sculptures

wikidata_label: Fujiko Nakaya

wikipedia_title: Fujiko Nakaya


href: theologian philosopher pastor Germany Bible vicar T%C3%BCbingen Protestant W%C3%BCrttemberg scripture Leuzendorf Hohenlohe%20%28Region%29 Blaufelden creed Baptism church%20council Stuttgart German%20Peace%20Society Christians Jesus conscientious%20objector Soren%20Kierkegaard

text:
theologian
philosopher
pastor
Germany
Bible
vicar
Tübingen
Protestant
Württemberg
scripture
Leuzendorf
Hohenlohe
Blaufelden
creed
Baptism
church council
Stuttgart
German Peace Society
Christian
Jesus
conscientious objector
Soren Kierkegaard

categories: 1860 births,1944 deaths,German philosophers

paragraph: Christoph Schrempf

paragraph: Christoph Schrempf (April 28, 1860 – February 13, 1944) was a German evangelical theologian and philosopher.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Christoph Schrempf was a pastor and writer from Besigheim, Germany. He had a difficult childhood due to his fathers alcoholism. His mother suffered from the violence until she fled, taking the children. Perhaps this made the young Christoph Schrempf sensitive to all forms of violence, including hidden violence. In his youth, Schrempf was an avid Bible reader. He studied religion and was vicar and assistant teacher in Tübingen. The normal path of a Protestant Württemberg Pastor seemed predetermined. He read the Bible with a critical scientific eye and explored the historical background of biblical texts. The question of truth and the correct understanding of scripture and confession kept him very busy. Schrempf became a pastor in the small village Leuzendorf in Hohenlohe, in the deanery Blaufelden. He tried to be a good pastor. But in 1892, he fell into a severe crisis of faith. When preparing for a baptismal sermon doubts surfaced. During the service, he refused the prescribed creed of Baptism. No one really noticed but he later shared his doubts and reasons with his congregation during church service. The churchgoers were shocked and outraged. The church council demanded his dismissal. In 1892 he was dismissed from the parish, because of "misconduct against the accepted official business".

paragraph: The dismissal was a trauma for Schrempf, as he believed, his sincerity should be respected. Twenty years later the omission of creed of pastoral reasons in exceptional cases was allowed. He was not only radical in its search for truth to his church and its traditions but also a radical lover of peace. The Veterans' Association in Leuze glorified the War of 1871 and wanted to devote the town flags to war, but Schrempf refused to bless the flags. He was even more radical than the former peace societies. In a lecture at the 1886 Stuttgart Branch of the German Peace Society, he said: "tolerated Christianity and war are not. The Christian must be obliged by saying of Jesus, on the so-called right of losing self-defense. Who lives in the conviction that the war is wrong, which must and consequences and explain to the magistrate that he would not bear arms and that he would rather die himself before he was ready to kill his enemy." Schrempf was convinced that a Christian must be a conscientious objector. This pacifist theology of peace was in his time very lonely and isolated position. The Christians of his time went to war in good conscience and only a few pastors preached the just peace as he did. "To overcome war and violence is an enduring task." Schrempf also suggested that: "the violence against women, violence in schools, the right-wing violence on our streets, the violence against foreigners must be overcome."

paragraph: Section::::Collected works.

paragraph: His collected works appeared in Frommann Verlag, Stuttgart, 1930–1940, in 16 volumes. Posthumously published in several volumes, edited by Otto Engel in Fromman, other writings under the title "religion without religion" (Volume 3, 1947).

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1: For the Church against the Church (1930)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2: Still under the spell of the Church (1930)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 3: Still under the spell of morals (1931)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 4: About the Rubicon (1931)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 5: Confrontations 1 - Kant, Lessing (1931)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 6: Confrontations 2, Goethe (1932)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 7: Still on this side - even beyond (1932)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 8: II Even beyond this world and beyond - this side. (1933)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 9: Conflict 3 - Socrates, Nietzsche, Paul (1934)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 10: IV disputes - Søren Kierkegaard, Part One (1935)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 11: Ditto Part Two (1935)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 12: ditto - Part Three (1935)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 13: My Testament with Portrait (1937)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 14: The basis of ethics. Treatise on the basis of the Evangelical Theological Faculty of Tübingen made price task (Spring 1884). Edited by Otto Engel (1936)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 15: Many things on the road. Edited by Otto Engel (1939)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 16: The Legacy. Edited by Otto Engel. (1940)

paragraph: Section::::Translator.

paragraph: Schrempf translated many books written by Soren Kierkegaard into German beginning in 1890.

paragraph: Section::::Honors.

paragraph: The Christoph Schrempf High School (Christoph-Schrempf Gymnasium) in Besigheim, Germany, is named after him.

description: German philosopher

wikidata_label: Christoph Schrempf

wikipedia_title: Christoph Schrempf


text: American

text: Roman Catholic Church

text: Archdiocese of Louisville

text: Bishop

text: Diocese of Owensboro

text: Loretto

text: Kentucky

text: Bellarmine College

text: Louisville

text: Bachelor of Arts

text: Master of Divinity

text: St. Meinrad School of Theology

text: St. Meinrad

text: Indiana

text: social work

text: ordained

text: priesthood

text: Thomas C. Kelly

text: O.P.

text: St. Pius X Church

text: chaplain

text: Assumption High School

text: Cathedral of the Assumption

text: St. Martin de Porres Church

text: rector

text: St. Joseph Proto-Cathedral

text: Archdiocese of Louisville

text: basilica

text: pastor

text: Goshen

text: St. Bernadette Church

text: Prospect

text: Pope Benedict XVI

text: episcopal

text: consecration

text: Owensboro Sports Center

text: Catholic Church hierarchy

text: Catholic Church in the United States

categories: Religious leaders from Kentucky,People from Marion County, Kentucky,Bellarmine University alumni,American Roman Catholic bishops,1952 births,Roman Catholic Diocese of Owensboro,Catholic Church in Kentucky,Living people

paragraph: William Medley

paragraph: William Francis Medley (born September 17, 1952) is an American clergyman of the Roman Catholic Church. A former priest of the Archdiocese of Louisville, he is the current Bishop of the Diocese of Owensboro, Kentucky.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life and education.

paragraph: William Medley was born in Loretto, Kentucky, to James Werner and Dorothy (née Hayden) Medley. Following his graduation from St. Thomas Seminary High School, he studied at Bellarmine College in Louisville, from where he obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree in philosophy and psychology. He earned a Master of Divinity degree from St. Meinrad School of Theology in St. Meinrad, Indiana. From 1974 to 1978, he served as a social worker for the Kentucky Department of Human Resources.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Ordination and ministry.

paragraph: On May 22, 1982, Medley was ordained to the priesthood by Archbishop Thomas C. Kelly, O.P. He then served as associate pastor at St. Pius X Church and chaplain at Assumption High School in Louisville until 1985, when he became associate pastor at the Cathedral of the Assumption.

paragraph: In 1988, he was named administrator of St. Benedict Church, St. Charles Borromeo Church and Holy Cross Church, all three of which were merged to form St. Martin de Porres Church in 1990. He became director of the Office of Clergy Personnel in 1989, and served as rector of St. Joseph Proto-Cathedral (the original seat of the Archdiocese of Louisville) from 1993 to 2005.

paragraph: During Medley's tenure as rector, St. Joseph was elevated to the rank of a basilica and had its sanctuary renovated.

paragraph: Medley was named pastor of Mother of Good Counsel Church in Louisville in 2005, and of Transfiguration of Our Lord Parish in Goshen in 2007. In 2008, these two parishes were merged to form St. Bernadette Church in Prospect, with Medley remaining as pastor. In addition to his pastoral duties, he was also a member of the College of Consultors, Priests' Council, Planning Commission, Priests' Health Panel, and Priests' Personnel Board. He also served as president of the Bardstown/Nelson County Ministerial Association and on the Nelson County Human Rights Commission.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Bishop of Owensboro.

paragraph: On December 15, 2009, Medley was appointed the fourth Bishop of Owensboro by Pope Benedict XVI. His episcopal consecration took place on February 10, 2010, at the Owensboro Sports Center. He has selected as his episcopal motto: "Holy Is God's Name."

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Closed Bishop Soenneker Home for the elderly.

paragraph: Bishop Soenneker Home, an assisted living facility in Knottsville, will close in June 2019 after 51 years in the community. The facility has 29 employees and 50 elderly people. http://www.14news.com/2019/04/08/community-members-protest-after-bishop-announces-nursing-home-will-close/

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church hierarchy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church in the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roman Catholic Diocese of Owensboro Official Site

description: Catholic bishop

wikidata_label: William Medley

wikipedia_title: William Medley


text:
national guardsman
Bastille
Versailles
Hébertistes
October Days
petition of the Champs-de-Mars
Charles François de Virot de Sombreuil
The Terror
Hébertists

paragraph: Stanislas-Marie Maillard

paragraph: Stanislas-Marie Maillard (December 11, 1763 – April 11, 1794) was a captain of the Bastille Volunteers. As a national guardsman, he participated in the attack on the Bastille, being the first revolutionary to get into the fortress, and also accompanied the women who marched to Versailles on October 5, 1789. Maillard testified in court to the events at Versailles.

paragraph: Maillard participated in the taking of the Bastille on July 14, 1789. Henceforth bearing the title “Captain of the Volunteers of the Bastille”, he took an active part in most of the landmark revolutionary events. Recruited into the ranks of the “Hébertistes”, he was charged by the Committee of Public Safety with the task of organizing a revolutionary police force. He was also one of the leaders of the “October Days”, which took place on October 5 and 6 of 1789, but for which he was present only on October 5. The October days consisted of the famous march of the poissardes, or market women, to Versailles, to demand bread and justice against the royal bodyguards who had supposedly disrespected the revolution. Presenting himself as the spokesperson for the women's grievances, Maillard presented the following statement before the Constituent Assembly: « Nous sommes à Versailles pour demander du pain et en même temps pour punir les gardes du corps qui ont insulté la cocarde patriotique1. », or “We have come to Versailles to demand bread, and to request the punishment of the royal body-guards who have insulted the patriotic cockade”. This latter statement referred to rumors that, at the banquet of October 2, 1789, put on for the visiting Flanders regiment by the royal bodyguards, the national cockade had been trampled underfoot. The marchers themselves behaved violently on the 5th, insulting the Queen and the priests they met in the National Assembly, and clashing with the guards of the palace. (The 6th was a disaster for which he was not present: two royal bodyguards were murdered, and the palace itself was forcibly entered, and the queen's chambers penetrated.)

paragraph: Named captain of the national guard in 1790, he signed, on July 17, 1791, the petition of the Champs-de-Mars, which proclaimed the creation of a Republic.

paragraph: Charged by the Commune of Paris in September 1792 to put an end to recent wholesale massacres of prisoners, he would play a controversial role. He seems to have aided and abetted the massacres, having loaned them an air of legality with his presence. Others credit him with having a “providential role" in the affair. Posterity knows him as “the grand judge of the Abbaye” or “Chief of the Murderers”.

paragraph: While serving as president of the improvised tribunal at the Prison de l’Abbaye, he released the marquis Charles François de Virot de Sombreuil, who had been saved by his daughter Marie-Maurille, to whom legend confers the status of "l'héroïne au verre de sang". This name refers to the legend that, in order to spare her father's life, she was compelled to drink a glass of blood. Jules Claretie, in the role of second-in-command, gave an eyewitness account of Maillard in the role of judge: “Maillard was a young man of thirty, large, dark, with matted hair. He wears stockings, and a grey habit with large pockets."

paragraph: Detained twice under The Terror, due to his ties with the Hébertists, he died, in misery, of tuberculosis.

description: French captain

wikidata_label: Stanislas-Marie Maillard

wikipedia_title: Stanislas-Marie Maillard


text:
American
businessman
ambassador
United States Ambassador to Italy
brain tumor

categories: 1963 deaths,1892 births,Ambassadors of the United States to Italy

paragraph: James David Zellerbach

paragraph: James David Zellerbach (January 17, 1892 - August 3, 1963) was an American businessman and ambassador.

paragraph: Zellerbach was sworn in as United States Ambassador to Italy in 1957. He held the post until 1960. He was a member on the board of Wells Fargo Bank Council on Foreign Relations.

paragraph: He died on August 3, 1963 of a brain tumor.

description: American ambassador

wikidata_label: James David Zellerbach

wikipedia_title: James David Zellerbach


text:
Braunschweig
caricaturist
Simplicissimus
Albert Langen
Munich
Paris
Bruno Paul
Die Jugend
Marseilles
Algiers
Tunis
Naples
Rome
Eduard Thöny
Ludwig Thoma
Olaf Gulbransson
joint stock company

categories: 1908 deaths,People from the Duchy of Brunswick,German caricaturists,People from Braunschweig,1873 births

paragraph: Rudolf Wilke

paragraph: Rudolf Wilke (1873 in Braunschweig — 1908 in Braunschweig) was a German caricaturist and illustrator known for his work for the journal "Simplicissimus", to which he was invited to contribute by Albert Langen. Before working for "Simplicissimus", he had studied fine art at Munich and Paris and had set up a studio with Bruno Paul. He had also contributed regularly to "Die Jugend" before he was recruited by Langen.

paragraph: In 1904 Wilke traveled to Marseilles, Algiers, Tunis, Naples and Rome in company with fellow artists Eduard Thöny and Ludwig Thoma.

paragraph: In 1906 Wilke, along with Olaf Gulbransson, Thoma, and Thöny, persuaded Langen to convert "Simplicissimus" into a joint stock company, thereby giving more power to the staff to control the journal's direction.

alias:
rud. wilke
r. wilke
wilke rudolf

description: German caricaturist

wikidata_label: Rudolf Wilke

wikipedia_title: Rudolf Wilke


text:
Ottoman
Young Turk Revolution
Balkan Wars
Albanian
Çorhlu
kaza of Grebene
Ottoman Empire
Vallahades
Monastir Military High School
Abdulhamid II
Ottoman War Academy
Yemen
Committee of Union and Progress
Albanian
Turkish
Greek
vilayet of Monastir
Turks
Young Turks
Alasonya
Ahmet Niyazi
Grebene
Balkans
constitution of 1876
Balkan Wars
lake Yanya
Yanya
Kozana
Leskovik
Koniçe
Nasliç
Mehmet V
Istanbul
Albania
Greece
Serbia
Prince Wilhelm of Wied
Ahmed Izzet Pasha
Sofia
Budapest
Shkodër
gold Napoleons
Durrës
Ismail Qemali
declared Albanian independence
Kosovo
Chameria
Brindisi
Vlorë
International Control Commission
Dutch officers sent as a neutral force
Battle of Sarikamish
First World War
Christians
Patriarchate
Tripoli
Hellenisation
Cosmas
Macedonia
Oghuz Turks
Greco-Turkish population exchange
Turkey
Anatolia
Turkish War of Independence

categories: People from Grevena,People from Manastir Vilayet,20th-century people of the Ottoman Empire,Ottoman military officers,Ottoman Army officers,Military personnel of the Ottoman Empire,Young Turks,1882 births,Albanians of the Ottoman Empire,1914 deaths

paragraph: Bekir Fikri

paragraph: Bekir Fikri (1882-1914), (, , ) was an Ottoman revolutionary that participated in the Young Turk Revolution (1908) and fought with distinction during the Balkan Wars (1912-1913).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Origin.

paragraph: Bekir Fikri was of Albanian origin. He was born into an Albanian-Turkish family in Çorhlu (modern Agios Georgios) located in the kaza of Grebene, Ottoman Empire in 1882. Fikri ethnically belonged to the Vallahades community (Greek speaking Muslims of the Grebene region).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life and career.

paragraph: Fikri attended the Monastir Military High School where he was exposed to propaganda that questioned the absolutism of sultan Abdulhamid II and later studied at the Ottoman War Academy graduating in 1903. Later he was sent to participate in the Ottoman conflict in Yemen and returned after three years where he was much affected by his wartime experience.

paragraph: Fikri got married to a woman whose father had also served in the Yemen conflict. In 1907, he was appointed within his home region in a battalion that fought against bands (çetas). In December of that same year, he joined the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP). Fikri possessed strong authority among fellow Muslims in the area where he resided and could communicate with them as he spoke Albanian, Turkish and Greek (his mother tongue).

paragraph: As Fikri lived in the southern area of the vilayet of Monastir the threat of Greece made him think that Turks and Albanians had to unite against the "Greek danger". He was convinced that the Ottoman government had to help the Albanians and vice versa, a view that was disliked by some CUP officers that considered any recognition of Albanianism as dangerous. The idea of Ottoman-Albanian cooperation had led Fikri to a more conciliatory attitude towards the teaching of Albanian and the choice of the alphabet. Fikri acknowledged that Albanianism was not powerful enough to oppose Hellenism.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Young Turk revolution (1908).

paragraph: During the period of 1907-1908, he was a member of the Young Turks (CUP). Shortly after his transfer to Alasonya (modern Elassona) in 1908, Fikri learned that Adjuntant Major Ahmet Niyazi had deserted the Ottoman army and initiated the Young Turk Revolution. He followed his example by going to Grebene (modern Grevena) where he gave a short speech to local Muslims and within a few hours thereafter formed a large guerilla band (çeta). The Muslims of Grebene viewed Fikri as their protector from Greek bands. On July 22, Fikri distributed rifles from the town military depot to his band of 360 men and volunteers while leaving a reserve force of 410 well armed locals to control Grebene. Fikri informed Ottoman authorities of the area that his reserve force would take control of Grebene. Facing a deteriorating situation in the Balkans on July 24 sultan Abdul Hamid II restored the constitution of 1876.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Balkan Wars (1912-1913).

paragraph: During the Balkan Wars the father, mother, uncle, and two sisters of Fikri were killed by the Greeks. Fikri was of the view that Turks and Albanians must fight together against the Greeks in order to take revenge. He participated in the Balkan Wars and fought to keep the region around Grebene under Ottoman rule. During January 5–6, 1913 Fikri and 1000 men under his command fought to the north of lake Yanya in the Battle of Dristinik when they attacked a Greek force that included some marines. Both sides suffered minimal losses and the battle was inconclusive. He defended the town of Grebene close to the Ottoman-Greek border. As a provincial gendarmerie officer Fikri united the remaining reserve troops (redifs), border guards and gendarmerie, some 800 people under his control and he mobilised civilians. Some Vallahades also fought with Fikri.

paragraph: The withdrawal of the Ottoman Muretteb VII Corps made Fikri wage a six-month guerilla campaign against Greek army units and irregular gangs. During that time he covered a mountainous area that was some 100-kilometers long between Yanya (modern Ioannina) and Kozana (modern Kozani) and kept at bay 10-15 Greek battalions and other irregular gangs. In the area between Leskovik and Koniçe (modern Konitsa), his irregular forces devastated the Greek army. Existing power struggles with the Ottoman system made some beys fight against the imperial army and Fikri cited the case of a bey of Nasliç who offered his services to the Greek army. Due to the efforts of Muslims that fought with Fikri, sultan Mehmet V bestowed upon them the honorific of "vatansever" meaning a patriot that loves their homeland. Fikri received the epithet of "Grebene kahramanı" (Hero of Grebene) for his heroism and attained the military rank of captain (yüzbaşı). After the war, Fikri served in Istanbul and protected the palace and government ministries. Later he went to Albania again to intervene in its affairs after the Balkan Wars.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Plot for an Ottoman-Albanian military alliance (1913-1914) and death.

paragraph: The CUP government in Istanbul had tasked Fikri to bring Albania under Ottoman suzerainty as they viewed the country a threat to Greece and Serbia in any future war. The aims of the CUP wished to compensate for the loss of Ottoman land and reputation during the Balkan Wars and to increase their power in the Balkans again. Dissatisfaction over the selection process of an Albanian monarch in Albania provided the CUP that opportunity. Fikri, by then a lieutenant colonel (binbaşı) worked in Albania on propaganda activities to ensure the establishment of an Ottoman king instead of the German Prince Wilhelm of Wied to the Albanian throne. The CUP supported Ahmed Izzet Pasha, an Ottoman-Albanian officer and CUP member that sought the Albanian throne in 1913. Fikri, as a CUP member was sent by the Ottoman government to prepare for Albania. He travelled from Istanbul to Sofia then Budapest and arrived at Shkodër in November 1913 with 5,000 gold Napoleons to use as an incentive to make people side with him, to hold diplomatic talks and provide them with confidential correspondence with Istanbul. Fikri managed to convince the notables of Shkodër to support Izzet Pasha. Later Fikri traveled to Durrës and through a secret letter to the Istanbul government asked them to deliver troops and ammunition to the town. In same letter Fikri outlined his views that he wanted Izzet Pasha as king of Albania, and to pursue that aim in the southern parts of the country he requested for a transporter, stunner, cannon and ammunition delivery to Durrës. Fikri thought that southern Albania could be convinced through force of arms.

paragraph: Fikri acting as Izzet Pasha's emissary contacted Ismail Qemali who had declared Albanian independence in November 1912 during the Balkan Wars. He presented Qemali with a plan that envisaged joint Ottoman, Albanian and Bulgarian military action against Greece and Serbia. Albania's reward in the military venture would have been the allocation of Kosovo and Chameria, areas given to Serbia and Greece by the Conference of Ambassadors. Qemali assured Fikri of his loyalty to Izzet Pasha as monarch of Albania and supported a plan from the CUP government in Istanbul to secretly infiltrate troops and weapons into the country to conduct a guerilla war against Serbian and Greek forces. After these negotiations Fikri sent telegrams to Istanbul, and asked the government to send 200-300 ammunition boxes with bullets, 4 machine guns and 4 cannons to Vlorë. In a telegram sent from Brindisi, Fikri advised that Ismail Qemali and Izzet Pasha should meet somewhere in Europe. In January 1914, 200 Ottoman soldiers and 19 officers with ties to Qemali boarded the steamship "Maran" for Vlorë. Dressed as Albanian civilians, their objective was to seize the town at night and make Izzet Pasha the monarch of Albania.

paragraph: The Serbs uncovered the plot and the Serbian consul in Vlorë, Gavrilović, reported the operation to the International Control Commission (ICC), an organisation set up by the Great Powers to temporarily administer Albania until its own political institutions were developed. The ICC disturbed by events allowed Dutch officers sent as a neutral force by the Great Powers to serve as the Albanian Gendarmerie to declare a state of emergency and stop the activities of Fikri. In a raid on the port of Vlorë they discovered during 7–8 January 1914 a total of 11 Ottoman officers and more than 200 soldiers. Another twenty people, including Fikri, were arrested. During Fikri's trial the plot emerged and an ICC military court under Colonel Willem de Veer condemned him to death and he was later pardoned with life imprisonment, while Qemali and his cabinet resigned. Due to the efforts of the Ottoman government Fikri was released from imprisonment on 18 August 1914. Later in 1914 Fikri fought and died at the Battle of Sarikamish during the First World War.

paragraph: Section::::Literary works and themes.

paragraph: Section::::Literary works and themes.:"Balkanlarda tedhiş ve gerilla".

paragraph: In the 1900s Fikri fought against Balkan separatist movements and he wrote a book on counter insurgency titled "Balkanlarda tedhiş ve gerilla" (Terror and Guerilla in the Balkans). Fikri viewed military innovation as an important factor in warfare. In same book which were also his memoirs, Fikri denounced the activity of Greek bands (çetas), as well as the inaction of the Ottoman administration toward them. He referred to the tyranny of "the so-called civilised, barbarous Greeks" in an introduction of his translation to what Fikri described was a diary belonging to a Greek sergeant that was included within his memoirs. Fikri stated that the diary was the sergeant's narration of sexual assaults of Muslim girls and women and their resistance to those events.

paragraph: He was of the view that Muslims were in a much worse situation than Christians as the latter were developed due to trade, crafts, education, and support from the Patriarchate. For Fikri Muslims had spent their youth facing death in Yemen or Tripoli and the graveyards of distant borderlands were crowded with Muslim graves. Fikri described that in his village, the number of Christian homes had grown, while that of Muslim homes had diminished. He also wrote that Muslim clerics and soldiers did not receive salaries and had poor living conditions that due to poverty limited their ability to pursue an education. In his book Fikri gave a Muslim point view about the Hellenisation efforts of St. Cosmas in spreading the Greek language and commented that Christian traders were told not to sell goods to Muslims if they did not use Greek to request for them. According to Fikri, the Vallahades are descendants of the first conqueror of Macedonia, Salur, a member of the Oghuz Turks who were placed within the region by the Ottoman administration to subdue the Christian inhabitants and convert them to Islam. After the Greco-Turkish population exchange (1923) the claim put forward by Fikri of a Turkish origin for the Vallahades was used by them as a myth to gain acceptance in their new homeland of Turkey.

paragraph: Section::::Literary works and themes.:"Ban Ordusunda Kuvva-i Seyyare yahut Grebene".

paragraph: Fikri also wrote patriotic works in the Turkish language. Shortly after the Balkan wars he wrote a book titled "Ban Ordusunda Kuvva-i Seyyare yahut Grebene" on his wartime experiences. In the early 1920s the Ankara government published an English language report for international audiences on "Greek atrocities in Asia Minor". The Turkish government used contents from Fikri's book Ban Ordusunda to support its claims and create a narrative of continuity that the Greek position was against Turkish existence within the Balkans and Anatolia which spanned from the Balkan Wars until the Turkish War of Independence.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- pp. 179–180.

wikidata_label: Bekir Fikri

wikipedia_title: Bekir Fikri


text:
cross-country skier
International Ski Federation (FIS)

categories: People from Falun,1994 births,Living people,Swedish female cross-country skiers

paragraph: Maja Dahlqvist

paragraph: Maja Dahlqvist (born 15 April 1994) is a Swedish cross-country skier who represents the club Falun-Borlänge SK.

paragraph: Section::::World Championship results.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1 medal – (1 gold)

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.

paragraph: All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.:Individual podiums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 8 podiums – (7 , 1 )

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.:Team podiums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 3 victories – (3 )

paragraph: BULLET::::- 3 podiums – (3 )

description: Swedish female cross-country skier

wikidata_label: Maja Dahlqvist

wikipedia_title: Maja Dahlqvist


text:
American football
running back
San Francisco 49ers
National Football League
college football
North Texas
high school football
Elkhart High School
Louisiana-Monroe
New Mexico State
Texas State
San Francisco 49ers
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
San Francisco 49ers bio
North Texas Mean Green bio

categories: San Francisco 49ers players,People from Anderson County, Texas,1995 births,Players of American football from Texas,North Texas Mean Green football players,American football running backs,Living people

paragraph: Jeff Wilson (American football)

paragraph: Jeffrey "Jeff" Wilson Jr. (born November 16, 1995) is an American football running back for the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at North Texas and signed with the 49ers as an undrafted free agent in 2018.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Wilson attended and played high school football at Elkhart High School in Texas. He was named an AP Class 2A first-team all-state as a senior after rushing for 2,749 yards and 36 touchdowns. He received offers from North Texas, Louisiana-Monroe, New Mexico State, and Texas State. He chose to play college football for North Texas.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Wilson appeared in 41 games (29 starts) during his four-year career at North Texas. He rushed for 3,205 yards and 32 touchdowns on 562 attempts, while adding 70 receptions for 527 yards and two touchdowns. He finished his college career ranked third in rushing touchdowns (32) and fourth in rushing yards (3,205) in school history.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Wilson signed with the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent on May 1, 2018. He was waived on September 1, 2018 and was signed to the practice squad the next day. He was promoted to the active roster on November 24, 2018.

paragraph: Wilson made his NFL debut against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Week 12. He had seven carries for 33 rushing yards in the loss. He finished his rookie year with 266 rushing yards and 98 receiving yards.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Wilson Jr. holds a close relationship with his father, Jeff Sr. His father, who played running back at the University of Texas-Arlington before the school decided to end the program, has guided Jeff Jr. throughout his athletic career and life.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- San Francisco 49ers bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- North Texas Mean Green bio

wikidata_label: Jeff Wilson

wikipedia_title: Jeff Wilson (American football)


text:
United States Marine Corps
major general
Atlantic Fleet
Lieutenant General
James M. Masters Sr.
Atlanta
Georgia
Confederate soldier
15th South Carolina Infantry Regiment
Anderson, South Carolina
James
the Citadel
Charleston, South Carolina
United States Naval Academy
Annapolis, Maryland
wrestling
Louis Robertshaw
Paul R. Tyler
Rear Admiral
Chester Nimitz Jr.
bachelor's degree
second lieutenant
the Basic School
Philadelphia Navy Yard
Chesty Puller
1st Battalion
5th Marine Regiment
Brigadier General
Richard P. Williams
Quantico, Virginia
platoon
Caribbean
first lieutenant
Marine Corps Base Quantico
Aide-de-Camp
James C. Breckinridge
Louis M. Little
Neutrality patrol
Caribbean
Bermuda
attack on Pearl Harbor
captain
Russian convoy operations
British Home Fleet
Norwegian Sea
China
Milton E. Miles
Kuomintang
guerrillas
lieutenant colonel
Headquarters Marine Corps
Washington, D.C.
Commandant of the Marine Corps
Alexander Vandegrift
orderlies
China
1st Battalion, 5th Marines
5th Marine Regiment
Order of the Cloud and Banner
Republic of China
Clifton B. Cates
colonel
Camp Lejeune
North Carolina
James
8th Marine Regiment
2nd Marine Division
Edwin A. Pollock
California
Camp Pendleton
John T. Selden
Hawaii
Fleet Marine Force, Pacific
Edwin A. Pollock
4th Marine Regiment
1st Marine Brigade
Avery R. Kier
Headquarters Marine Corps
August Larson
James D. Hittle
Commandant of the Marine Corps
David M. Shoup
Okinawa
Japan
3rd Marine Division
Henry W. Buse Jr.
James M. Masters
Headquarters Marine Corps
William P. Battell
Mortuary Affairs
subsistence
petroleum
water
Marine Supply Center Barstow
Vietnam War
Legion of Merit
Atlantic Fleet
Ephraim P. Holmes
Legion of Merit
Mount Pleasant, South Carolina
Beaufort, South Carolina
Sino-American Cooperative Organization

categories: United States Naval Academy alumni,Recipients of the Legion of Merit,United States Marine Corps Quartermaster Officers,1987 deaths,People from Atlanta,1913 births,American Marine Corps personnel of World War II,United States Marine Corps generals

paragraph: John H. Masters

paragraph: John Hillary Masters (May 23, 1913 – October 22, 1987) was an officer in the United States Marine Corps with the rank of major general. He spent most of his senior career in the Quartermaster Department and retired in July 1969 as deputy chief of staff to the commander in chief, Atlantic Fleet. His older brother was Lieutenant General James M. Masters Sr.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: John H. Masters was born on May 23, 1913, in Atlanta, Georgia, as the son of James M. Masters and his wife Cecilia Hale. When he was 12 years old, his grandfather (a one-time Confederate soldier in the 15th South Carolina Infantry Regiment died, and his family moved to the grandfather's farm in Anderson, South Carolina. John had two brothers: James and William. His older brother James also served in the Marines and reached the rank of lieutenant general.

paragraph: Young John attended high school there in 1930 and subsequently entered the Citadel in Charleston, South Carolina. However he left two years later in order to accept appointment to the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, Maryland. During his years at the academy, Masters was active in wrestling club and was in the same class as future marine generals Louis Robertshaw and Paul R. Tyler and Rear Admiral Chester Nimitz Jr. He earned the nickname "Bud".

paragraph: Masters graduated on June 4, 1936, with bachelor's degree and was commissioned second lieutenant on the same date. He was subsequently ordered to the Basic School at Philadelphia Navy Yard for basic officer training, which he completed in June of the following year. While at the basic school, Bud Masters had the opportunity to met Chesty Puller, who served as his instructor.

paragraph: Upon completion of the school, he was attached to the 1st Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment, 1st Marine Brigade under Brigadier General Richard P. Williams at Quantico, Virginia. Masters served as platoon leader in the machine gun company and later as officer in charge of the special weapons and anti-tank platoons. He also took part in maneuvers in the Caribbean and reached the rank of first lieutenant in June 1939.

paragraph: Section::::World War II.

paragraph: Masters was subsequently ordered back to the Marine Corps Base Quantico and appointed Aide-de-Camp to the commanding general, James C. Breckinridge. He continued in that capacity under Louis M. Little until May 1940, when assumed duties as commanding officer of Marine detachment aboard the cruiser and took part in Neutrality patrols in the Caribbean and Bermuda.

paragraph: Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Masters was promoted to the rank of captain in January 1942 and participated in the Russian convoy operations with British Home Fleet in the Norwegian Sea. Upon his promotion to major in September 1942, Masters was detached from "Tuscaloosa" and ordered to China, where he was appointed Commander of U.S. Naval Unit One, U.S. Naval Group China under Rear Admiral Milton E. Miles. Within this assignment, he was tasked with the training of Kuomintang guerrillas and was promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel in January 1944.

paragraph: He was transferred back to the United States in June 1944 and assumed duties at Headquarters Marine Corps in Washington, D.C., as aide-de-camp to the Commandant of the Marine Corps, Alexander Vandegrift. In this capacity, he was responsible for the coordination of the general's personal attendants such as drivers or orderlies.

paragraph: Section::::Postwar career.

paragraph: Masters was ordered back to China in September 1945 and assumed duties as commanding officer of 1st Battalion, 5th Marines. He took part in the occupation duties in Northern China and in the repatriation of Japanese troops. Masters also participated in combats against Chinese communist guerillas and assumed duties as executive officer, 5th Marine Regiment in October 1946 and served in that capacity until May 1947. He was decorated with Chinese Order of the Cloud and Banner by the Government of Republic of China.

paragraph: He returned to the United States in July 1947 and resumed his former duties as aide-de-camp to the commandant of the Marine Corps, General Vandegrift. Masters continued in this capacity under new commandant, Clifton B. Cates until May 1949, when he was ordered to the Senior Course at Marine Corps Schools, Quantico.

paragraph: Upon graduation in June 1950, Masters was appointed Chief, General Subjects Group of Combined Arms Section at the Quantico Schools and held that assignment until his promotion to colonel in March 1951, when he assumed duty as assistant director, Junior School of the Amphibious Warfare.

paragraph: Masters was ordered to Camp Lejeune, North Carolina in March 1952 and succeeded his brother James in command of 8th Marine Regiment, 2nd Marine Division under Major General Edwin A. Pollock. He was transferred to California in February 1954, when he was appointed assistant chief of staff for operations of Camp Pendleton under Major General John T. Selden and held that assignment until August 1955. Masters then remained at Pendleton base and assumed command of 2nd Infantry Training Regiment.

paragraph: In August 1957, Masters was ordered to Hawaii, where he assumed duty as Inspector, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific under his former superior, Edwin A. Pollock. His tour ended in May 1958, but he remained on Hawaii and assumed command of 4th Marine Regiment attached to the 1st Marine Brigade under Brigadier General Avery R. Kier.

paragraph: He returned to the United States in August 1959 and was attached to the Headquarters Marine Corps as assistant director of personnel and deputy to Major General August Larson. Masters remained in that capacity until February 1960, when he relieved retiring Brigadier General James D. Hittle as legislative assistant to the Commandant of the Marine Corps, David M. Shoup. While in this capacity, Masters was promoted to the rank of brigadier general in July 1960.

paragraph: Masters served in this capacity until October 1962, when he was ordered to Okinawa, Japan as assistant division commander, 3rd Marine Division under Major General Henry W. Buse Jr. When General Buse was ordered to the United States in May 1963, as his successor was selected James M. Masters. It was the first time in Marine Corps history that a brother team ran a Marine Division.

paragraph: He was ordered back to the United States in October 1963 and attached to the Supply Department at Headquarters Marine Corps. In December of that year, Masters was appointed Assistant Quartermaster General of the Marine Corps and deputy to Major General William P. Battell. In this capacity, he was co-responsible for the support of development, production, acquisition, and sustainment of general supply, Mortuary Affairs, subsistences, petroleum and water, material and distribution management during peace and war to provide combat power to the U.S. Marine Corps units.

paragraph: While in this capacity, Masters was promoted to major general in August 1964. He was ordered to California in May 1965 and assumed command of Marine Supply Center Barstow, which was responsible for the logistics support of the Marine Forces in the Pacific during the early years of Vietnam War. He held that command until November 1967 and received the Legion of Merit for his service.

paragraph: Masters was subsequently ordered to Norfolk, Virginia, where he joined the headquarters, Atlantic Fleet as deputy chief of staff to the commander in chief, Admiral Ephraim P. Holmes. He served in this capacity until July 31, 1969, when he retired after almost 33 years of active service. Masters received his second Legion of Merit for his service at Norfolk.

paragraph: Section::::Retirement.

paragraph: He then settled in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina, with his wife, Pauline Sullivan Masters. Major General John H. Masters died on October 22, 1987, and is buried at Saint Helenas Episcopal Churchyard in Beaufort, South Carolina.

paragraph: Section::::Decorations.

paragraph: Masters was awarded the following decorations:

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sino-American Cooperative Organization

wikidata_label: John H. Masters

wikipedia_title: John H. Masters


text:
ice hockey
1998 Winter Olympics
2002 Winter Olympics

wikipedia_title:
Ice hockey
1998 Winter Olympics
2002 Winter Olympics

categories: Ice hockey players at the 1998 Winter Olympics,Ice hockey players at the 2002 Winter Olympics,Olympic ice hockey players of France,Sportspeople from Brussels,1975 births,Living people,French ice hockey players

paragraph: Jonathan Zwikel

paragraph: Jonathan Zwikel (born 16 July 1975) is a French ice hockey player. He competed in the men's tournaments at the 1998 Winter Olympics and the 2002 Winter Olympics.

description: Belgian ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Jonathan Zwikel

wikipedia_title: Jonathan Zwikel


text:
D.D.
Church of Scotland
Greyfriars Kirk
Edinburgh
Scotland
Grand Lodge of Scotland

wikipedia_title:
Doctor of Divinity
Church of Scotland
Greyfriars Kirk
Edinburgh
Scotland
Grand Lodge of Scotland

categories: Churches in Edinburgh,Listed churches in Scotland, Ministers of the Church of Scotland,Church of Scotland churches in Scotland

paragraph: John Glasse

paragraph: The Rev Dr John Glasse, D.D. (1843-1919) was a Church of Scotland Minister at Greyfriars Kirk, Edinburgh, Scotland, 1877-1909. He was an advocate of Christian Socialism.

paragraph: Section::::Freemasonry.

paragraph: He was a Scottish Freemason. He was initiated in Lodge St David, No. 36, (Edinburgh) and was Master of that Lodge 1892-1893. He was an Honorary Member of The Lodge of Holyrood House (St Luke's), No. 44 (1908). He served as Grand Chaplain to the Grand Lodge of Scotland 1889-1890.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Grand Lodge of Antient Free and Accepted Masons of Scotland.

description: Church of Scotland minister and Christian socialist activist

wikidata_label: John Glasse

wikipedia_title: John Glasse


text:
Shiraz
Washington, D.C.
Minister of Justice
August
October

wikipedia_title:
Shiraz
Washington, D.C.
Ministry of Justice (Iran)
August
October

categories: 1918 births,2007 deaths,Ministers of Justice of Iran,Government ministers of Iran

paragraph: Mohammed Baheri

paragraph: Mohammad Motazad Bahri (, 1918 in Shiraz – 2007 in Washington, D.C.) was an Iranian politician,who served as the Minister of Justice from August 27, 1978 to October 29, 1978.

description: Iranian politician

wikidata_label: Mohammed Baheri

wikipedia_title: Mohammed Baheri


text:
Nigerian
singer
songwriter
director
producer
Kano
Hausa
City People Entertainment Awards
Nigeria
Director
Producer
Ali Nuhu
Aminu Saira

wikipedia_title:
Nigerians
Singing
Songwriter
Film director
Film producer
Kano
Hausa people
City People Entertainment Awards
Nigeria
Film director
Film producer
Ali Nuhu
Aminu Saira

categories: Hausa-language media,21st-century Nigerian male actors,1985 births,People from Kano,Living people

paragraph: Nazifi Asnanic

paragraph: Nazifi Abdulsalam Yusuf (born 08 January 1985) better known stage name Nazifi Asnanic is a Nigerian singer, songwriter, director, and producer. He was born and raised in the ancient city of Kano. Nazifi Asnanic often referred to as the Golden Voice, he is recognized as one of the most successful Hausa artists of all time in the history of Kannywood. He has received numbers of awards and nominations including City People Entertainment Awards as the best musician in 2014. He was also among the Kannywood stars that received an award by Zamfara State government of Nigeria for their tremendous effort and contribution toward uniting and sustaining Hausa culture. Nazifi Asnanic has featured, produced, and directed numbers of film in Kannywood.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Nazifi Abdulsalam Yusuf (Nazifi Asnanic) begins his musical career in early 2000. In 2002, he dropped his debut album with 10 songs including "Dawo Dawo". He caught the attention of Director, and Producer like Ali Nuhu and Aminu Saira where he sang for FKD production and Saira Movies in "Ga Duhu Ga Haske" and "Sai Wata Rana". Nazifi Asnanic released more 10 albums, and sold millions copies in Nigeria and worldwide making him one of the most successful in Kannywood.

paragraph: Apart from singing and music production, Nazifi has produced and directed a lot of movies such as Rai da Buri, Shu’uma, Ba’asi and many more.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Studio albums

paragraph: BULLET::::- Labarina "(2009)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daga Ni Sai Ke "(2010)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bunjuma "(2011)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dan Marayan Zaki "(2012)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dakin Amarya "(2013)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rayuwa "(2014)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kambu

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ruwan Zuma ‘’(2013)’’

wikidata_label: Nazifi Asnanic

wikipedia_title: Nazifi Asnanic


text:
Copenhagen
Danish
Aprilia
Argentina
Czech Grand Prix
Supersport World Championship
British Superbike Championship
Honda
2012 season
TT Circuit Assen
Profile on MotoGP.com
Profile on WorldSBK.com

categories: Sportspeople from Copenhagen,Danish motorcycle racers,1981 births,125cc World Championship riders,Living people

paragraph: Robbin Harms

paragraph: Robbin Harms (born 9 June 1981 in Copenhagen) is a Danish motorcycle racer.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Harms first competed in the 125cc class in 1999 for Aprilia where he scored points in the season finale in Argentina.

paragraph: He returned to the category in 2002, taking part in the Czech Grand Prix with a 23rd place finish. His next seasons were in 2003 and 2004, in which he scored points in both.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Supersport.

paragraph: He would race in the Supersport World Championship afterwards, from 2005 to 2011, where he scored a handful of podiums, including two-second places in the 2007 season.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:British Superbikes.

paragraph: Harms is currently a rider in the British Superbike Championship for Honda but has not been announced on the 2014 entry list. He first competed in the 2012 season where he finished 22nd in the championship with 24 points, with a best finish of ninth in the second race at TT Circuit Assen.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile on MotoGP.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile on WorldSBK.com

description: Danish motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Robbin Harms

wikipedia_title: Robbin Harms


text: suo jure

text: Denbigh Castle

text: Henry de Lacy, 3rd Earl of Lincoln

text: Henry II of England

text: Denbigh Castle

text: Pontefract Castle

text: Edward I of England

text: Thomas of Lancaster

text: Edward II of England

text: John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey

text: Pontefract Castle

text: Pontefract

text: Hugh Despenser

text: Hugh Despenser the Younger

text: Hugh Despenser

text: Denbigh

text: John de Warenne

text: Hugh Despenser the Younger

text: Edward III of England

text: Eubulus le Strange

text: Isabella

text: Roger Mortimer

text: Edward

text: Hugh de Freyne, Baron Freyne

text: Sir John de Lacy of Lacyes

text: oyer and terminer

text: poaching

text: Barlings Abbey

categories: 1348 deaths,De Lacy family,14th-century English women,Earls of Salisbury (1149),Incidents of violence against women,14th-century English nobility,1281 births,Earls of Lincoln (1232),Hereditary women peers,13th-century English women,13th-century English nobility

paragraph: Alice de Lacy, 4th Countess of Lincoln

paragraph: Alice de Lacy, "suo jure" 4th Countess of Lincoln, "suo jure" 5th Countess of Salisbury (25 December 1281 – 2 October 1348) was an English peeress.

paragraph: Born on Christmas Day 1281 at Denbigh Castle, Alice was the only daughter and heir of Henry de Lacy, 3rd Earl of Lincoln and Margaret Longespée, 4th Countess of Salisbury "suo jure" (in her own right). Her mother Margaret was the great-granddaughter and ultimate heir of one of the illegitimate sons of Henry II of England, William Longespée (Longsword), whose nickname became his surname.

paragraph: In her long and eventful life Alice was married three times, the first time at the age of 12; widowed twice; abducted; imprisoned; raped; and her inheritance extorted from her. Yet throughout her life she remained generous and respected by her subordinates and those who were dependent upon her.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Tragic accidents resulted in the deaths of Alice's two brothers in childhood. Edmund drowned in a well at Denbigh Castle and John fell to his death from a parapet at Pontefract Castle. As the sole surviving child this made Alice the heiress to two Earldoms, one from her father, and one from her mother. As a great prize on the marriage market, King Edward I of England arranged for her betrothal "in her 9th year" to his nephew Thomas of Lancaster, the heir to the Earldoms of Lancaster, Leicester and Derby. They married on 28 October 1294 when Alice was 13 years old, and Thomas about 16. By the terms of their marriage settlement the bulk of her great inheritance from her father, which included the Earldom of Lincoln and many other estates, was to go to Thomas, with reversion to Thomas's heirs. In other words, during his lifetime Thomas had control of Alice's inheritance from her father. If Alice outlived Thomas, and had control of her father's inheritance returned to her on his death, then on her own death her father's inheritance would pass to Thomas's heirs. Her father also came to an agreement with the King that should Alice have no children, her father's Earldom of Lincoln would pass into the royal family on her death.

paragraph: The marriage was not successful, they had no children, and they lived quite separate lives. Alice mostly lived alone in her castle of Pickering, Yorkshire, while Thomas took a host of mistresses, and fathered at least two illegitimate children.

paragraph: Section::::Countess.

paragraph: On the death of her mother in 1309 or 1310, Alice inherited her mother's titles and estates. Alice became 3rd Countess of Salisbury "suo jure" (in her own right), and her husband Thomas became Earl of Salisbury "jure uxoris" (by right of his wife).

paragraph: On the death of her father in February 1311, Alice became the 4th Countess of Lincoln "suo jure" (in her own right), and her husband Thomas became Earl of Lincoln "jure uxoris" (by right of his wife). Thomas of Lancaster inherited all her father Henry's lands by right of his wife, and he paid homage to Edward II of England for them shortly after Henry's death. With the three Earldoms that he had inherited from his father in 1296, and the control of the two Earldoms of his wife, this made Thomas of Lancaster the richest and most powerful man in England.

paragraph: Section::::First abduction.

paragraph: In the spring of 1317 Alice was abducted from her manor of Canford, Dorset, by some of the household Knights of John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey and taken to the Warenne stronghold of Castle Reigate, though questions were raised by contemporary chroniclers over the degree to which Alice may have been complicit. The disreputable Warrene is thought to have carried out the abduction in order to humiliate Thomas of Lancaster, who had helped block Warenne's divorce, and had persuaded the Bishop of Chichester to prosecute Warenne for his adultery with his mistress which had resulted in Warenne's excommunication in 1316.

paragraph: There is a story that one of the Knights who abducted her on Warenne's behalf, described as an undersized hunchback named Richard de St. Martin, claimed that Alice was his wife on the ground that he had carried her off and married her before she was betrothed to the Earl of Lancaster. There can be no truth in this story as she was only "in her 9th year" when she was betrothed, and only 12 years old when she married Thomas. This story, however, shows the lengths to which Warenne may have stooped to humiliate Thomas.

paragraph: After Alice was abducted her husband Thomas then waged a private war on Warenne, but never once asked for Alice's return. Thomas also thought King Edward II, his cousin, had been involved in the planning of the abduction. It is not known when Alice was released, and her whereabouts from 1317 to 1322 are uncertain. Some also believe, based on an old ballad, that she divorced Thomas during this time. However, her subsequent treatment by the King indicates that she had remained married to Thomas.

paragraph: Thomas of Lancaster was captured at Boroughbridge after the failure of his rebellion against the King. On 22 March 1322 he was executed for treason at what had been Alice's family home of Pontefract Castle but that had become his favourite residence. With Thomas gone Alice should have had control of the vast inheritances from both of her parents for the first time. Thomas's estates were forfeited to the Crown, but that could not legally include the estates that he controlled by right of his wife and that were her inheritance. However, the King found other ways to punish the traitor's widow and confiscate her lands.

paragraph: Section::::Imprisoned.

paragraph: A few days later in March 1322, the King had Alice arrested and imprisoned at York, along with her stepmother, Joan Martin, whose second husband, Nicholas de Audeley, had died 5 years earlier in 1316. (Joan died in October 1322.) Why Joan, who was a similar age to Alice was also imprisoned is unknown. It could have been out of spite from the King who in 1318 had accused Joan of "scheming to thwart" the hearing of a legal case, or simply because she was there at the time of Alice's arrest.

paragraph: Imprisoned and under the threat of execution Alice surrendered into the King's hands on 26 June 1322, a great part of the lands which she had inherited from her father, in order to secure the confirmation of some portion of these possessions to herself. This was effectively the extortion by the King of her father's family estates that had been predated the Earldom of Lincoln such as Pontefract, though she was then permitted to hold some of her estates in life tenure by the king's "special grace". Many of her extorted estates were given by the King to the elder Hugh Despenser and his son Hugh Despenser the Younger, the King's nephew-by-marriage and favorite, who had both returned to England from exile in May 1322 and were now both involved in assisting the King in his attempt to "legally" obtain Alice's estates. Notably the elder Hugh Despenser was given Denbigh. To help add credence to the "legality" of the disposal of her lands to the Despenser's the King had Alice style Hugh le Despenser the younger as "kinsman".

paragraph: Alice was not released until she paid a staggering indemnity of £20,000 to the Crown. Only by paying the indemnity was she to be allowed to remarry if she so wished, and to be granted those lands that remained of her inheritance. On 20 September 1322, Edward granted the Constableship of Lincoln Castle to Alice as her right and inheritance, and restored to her for life the annuity which her father had received in lieu of the third penny of the county of Lincoln. Her Earldom of Salisbury had reverted to the Crown in March 1322, but her Earldom of Lincoln was restored to her in December 1322.

paragraph: Even so, on her release Alice was placed on virtual house arrest for her "own protection". During this time she was compelled to dispose of more of her inheritance, this time from lands she had inherited from her mother. John de Warenne, the man who had abducted her in 1317, was given a life grant of many of her manors in the West, and Hugh Despenser the Younger was given one of her manors in Lincolnshire. Some of her many forfeited lands were returned to her, but only for life, by Edward III of England in 1331.

paragraph: Section::::Second marriage.

paragraph: In 1324, possibly before Easter and definitely before 10 November, Alice married Eubulus le Strange. At the age of 42 it was not expected that she would bear any children to this union, and this was to be the case. This marriage appears to have been a loving, happy union. Eubulus described her in documents as his 'dear and loving companion' and never claimed the title of Earl of Lincoln by right of his wife as he was entitled to do. The King was worried, however, and required that all the estates that Alice had been forced to relinquish before this marriage had to be confirmed so that Eubulus could not make a claim on them by right of his wife. As a reward for Alice's co-operation the King confirmed the life grants he had made to Alice, and discharged her of her first husband Thomas's debts.

paragraph: In January 1327 Edward II, who had been imprisoned in 1326 by his Queen Isabella and Roger Mortimer, was forced to abdicate in favour of his son - it was generally believed that Edward II was then murdered by an agent of Isabella and Mortimer in September 1327. As her son Edward was still in his minority, Isabella became regent. Alice's estates that had given to the Despensers, reverted to Edward II in 1326 when the Despensers were executed by Isabella. Isabella now had control of these estates which nominally belonged to her son. Isabella appropriated for herself much of Alice's rightful inheritance, while Roger Mortimer took possession of Denbigh.

paragraph: In 1330, Edward III gained control of the government from his mother and Mortimer. He assumed most of Alice's inheritance and gave it, including the lordship of Denbigh, to William Montacute, his great friend who had helped him to overthrow Mortimer. Montacute also received Alice's earldom of Salisbury which had been taken from Alice in 1322. Since Alice's husband Eubulus was involved in Edward III's plot of 1330 to bring down Isabella and Mortimer, Alice and he were rewarded by the return of some of her estates. This was probably the most secure time in Alice's adult life. Alice and her second husband were the recipients of many honours, grants of land and money, and responsibility. Eubulus died in September 1335. In her mourning, Alice took a vow of chastity.

paragraph: Section::::Second abduction.

paragraph: Alice, with her rich inheritance, did not remain a widow for long, though she was at this time 54 years of age. Late in 1335 or early in 1336 she was abducted from the castle of Bolingbroke and, ignoring her vow of chastity, raped by Hugh de Freyne, Baron Freyne. (A letter from the Pope seems to reproach Alice for "allowing" the rape to happen.) Alice became de Freyne's wife before 20 March 1336. Historian Michael Prestwich describes the abduction thus, in his "The Three Edwards":

paragraph: The marriage had taken place without the King's licence, so orders were sent to the Sheriffs of Lincoln, Oxford, and many other counties, to take into the King's hands the lands, goods, and chattels of Hugh de Freyne and Alice, Countess of Lincoln, and to keep the same until further order; the said Hugh and Alice having escaped from the castle of Somerton, where the King had ordered them to be kept separately, because Hugh took her from the castle of Bolingbroke by force. Apparently the offence was condoned, probably by payment of a fine, as an order was issued on 20 March 1336, to deliver to Alice and Hugh de Freyne a message at Newbury, Berkshire, and other manors were restored to her in the following year.

paragraph: Hugh de Freyne didn't live very long to enjoy her vast inheritance as he died in December 1336 or early 1337, and she returned to her vow of chastity.

paragraph: Section::::Imprisoned again.

paragraph: On 4 May 1337 Alice complained that she had been imprisoned yet again. Eubulus's nephew and heir Roger le Strange (who would succeed on Alice's death to such property as Eubulus had held in his own right), together with Sir John de Lacy of Lacyes (Alice's illegitimate half-brother), and others, broke into her castle of Bolingbroke, imprisoned her there, took away 20 of her horses, carried away her goods, and assaulted her men and servants. The quarrel was made up with Roger before long, and on 20 June 1337, Alice obtained licence to grant to Roger her life estate in some manors that had been granted by the King jointly to Alice and Eubulus.

paragraph: Alice is referred to in documents of Edward II's reign (during the time of her marriage to Thomas, her first widowhood, and the early years of her marriage to Eubulus) as Lady Alice, or Alice de Lacy, Countess of Lincoln. In later life, she called herself Countess of Lincoln or Widow of Eubulus Lestrange. Alice lived until the age of 66 in October 1348 and was buried next to her beloved Eubulus at Barlings Abbey. A few months before her death, Alice's nephew-by-marriage from her first marriage to Thomas of Lancaster, Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, appeared as a petitioner on Alice's behalf in a legal action (an oyer and terminer) about vandalism to one of the estates. His actions, however, were not without personal motive as by her first marriage settlement he was the heir to the remaining lands that she held from her father's estate, and the legal action was about vandalism to and poaching from one of the estates that he was to inherit. Nevertheless, historian Linda Mitchell believes that his assumption of responsibility on Alice's behalf can be seen "as a mark of respect for the woman wronged so shamefully by his family." For the last 10 years of her life, after the death by de Freyne, Alice also appears to have had the support of Edward III in that commissions of oyer and terminers that Alice requested during this time seem to have been promptly appointed and thoroughly investigated.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Alice died childless at Barlings Abbey in 1348. Her Earldom of Lincoln became extinct upon her death. By the terms of her first marriage settlement, her remaining lands from her father's inheritance went to her nephew-by-marriage Henry of Grosmont, 1st Duke of Lancaster, and remaining lands from her mother's inheritance were inherited by James de Audley, her Longespee cousin through his paternal line, who also happened to be her stepmother and father's widow Joan Martin's son from her second marriage. However, weighed against the extensive manors which Alice had once possessed in right of her inheritance as Countess of Lincoln and of Salisbury, she had comparatively little to leave after her death. Many of her lands had been forfeited to the Crown in 1322 and 1323, and for those lands that were restored she had accepted a life interest. Other grants of lands from the King jointly to Alice and her second husband, Eubulus le Strange, she held a life estate in after Eubulus' death, and these went to Eubulus' heir, his nephew Roger le Strange.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mitchell, Linda E., "Portraits of medieval women: family, marriage, and politics in England, 1255-1350"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Warner, Kathryn "Abandonment and Abduction: The Eventful Life of Alice de Lacy"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Le Strange, Hamon, "Le Strange records: a chronicle of the early Le Stranges of Norfolk and the March of Wales A.D. 1100-1310, with the lines of Knockin and Blackmere continued to their extinction" (1916)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Whittaker, T.D., "An History of the Original parish of Whalley and Honor of Clitheroe", 1872

paragraph: BULLET::::- J. R. Maddicott, ‘Thomas of Lancaster, second earl of Lancaster, second earl of Leicester, and earl of Lincoln (c.1278–1322)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, September 2004; online edn, January 2007

description: 4th Countess of Lincoln; born in Wales

wikidata_label: Alice de Lacy, 3rd Countess of Lincoln

wikipedia_title: Alice de Lacy, 4th Countess of Lincoln


text: Earl of Lincoln

text: Roger de Lacy

text: de Clare

text: Pontefract

text: Dunnington

text: Lord of Bowland

text: Magna Carta

text: siege of Damietta

text: Earl of Lincoln

text: High Sheriff of Cheshire

text: lord of L'Aigle

text: Margaret de Quincy

text: Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester

text: Richard Marshal, 3rd Earl of Pembroke

text: John of Scotland, 7th Earl of Chester

text: Edmund de Lacy, Baron of Pontefract

text: Maud

text: Walter Marshal, 5th Earl of Pembroke

categories: Magna Carta barons,1240 deaths,People temporarily excommunicated by the Roman Catholic Church,12th-century English people,De Lacy family,High Sheriffs of Cheshire,Earls of Lincoln (1232),13th-century English nobility,1190s births

paragraph: John de Lacy, 2nd Earl of Lincoln

paragraph: John de Lacy ( – 22 July 1240) was the 2nd Earl of Lincoln, of the fourth creation.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: He was the eldest son and heir of Roger de Lacy and his wife, Maud or Matilda de Clere (not of the de Clare family).

paragraph: Section::::Public life.

paragraph: He was hereditary constable of Chester and, in the 15th year of King John, undertook the payment of 7,000 marks to the crown, in the space of four years, for livery of the lands of his inheritance, and to be discharged of all his father's debts due to the exchequer, further obligating himself by oath, that in case he should ever swerve from his allegiance, and adhere to the king's enemies, all of his possessions should devolve upon the crown, promising also, that he would not marry without the king's licence. By this agreement it was arranged that the king should retain the castles of Pontefract and Dunnington, still in his own hands; and that he, the said John, should allow 40 pounds per year, for the custody of those fortresses. But the next year he had Dunnington restored to him, upon hostages.

paragraph: John de Lacy, 8th Baron of Halton Castle, 5th Lord of Bowland and hereditary constable of Chester, was one of the earliest who took up arms at the time of the Magna Charta, and was appointed to see that the new statutes were properly carried into effect and observed in the counties of York and Nottingham. He was one of twenty-five barons charged with overseeing the observance of Magna Carta in 1215.

paragraph: He was excommunicated by the Pope. Upon the accession of King Henry III, he joined a party of noblemen and made a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, and did good service at the siege of Damietta. In 1232 he was made Earl of Lincoln and in 1240, governor of Chester and Beeston Castles. In 1237, his lordship was one of those appointed to prohibit Oto, the pope's prelate, from establishing anything derogatory to the king's crown and dignity, in the council of prelates then assembled; and the same year he was appointed High Sheriff of Cheshire, being likewise constituted Governor of the castle of Chester.

paragraph: Section::::Private life.

paragraph: He married firstly Alice in 1214 in Pontefract, daughter of Gilbert, lord of L'Aigle, who gave him one daughter, Joan. Alice died in 1216 in Pontefract and, after his marked gallantry at the siege of Damietta.

paragraph: He married secondly in 1221 Margaret de Quincy, only daughter and heiress of Robert de Quincy, son of Saer de Quincy, 1st Earl of Winchester, by Hawyse, 4th sister and co-heir of Ranulph de Mechines, Earl of Chester and Lincoln, which Ranulph, by a formal charter under his seal, granted the Earldom of Lincoln, that is, so much as he could grant thereof, to the said Hawyse, "to the end that she might be countess, and that her heirs might also enjoy the earldom;" which grant was confirmed by the king, and at the especial request of the countess, this John de Lacy, constable of Chester, through his marriage was allowed to succeed de Blondeville and was created by charter, dated Northampton, 23 November 1232, Earl of Lincoln, with remainder to the heirs of his body, by his wife, the above-mentioned Margaret. In the contest which occurred during the same year, between the king and Richard Marshal, 3rd Earl of Pembroke, Earl Marshal, Matthew Paris states that the Earl of Lincoln was brought over to the king's party, with John of Scotland, 7th Earl of Chester, by Peter de Rupibus, Bishop of Winchester, for a bribe of 1,000 marks.br

paragraph: By this marriage he had one son, Edmund de Lacy, Baron of Pontefract, and two daughters, of one, Maud, married Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: He died on 22 July 1240 and was buried at the Cisterian Abbey of Stanlaw, in County Chester. The monk Matthew Paris, records: "On the 22nd day of July, in the year 1240, which was St. Magdalen's Day, John, Earl of Lincoln, after suffering from a long illness went the way of all flesh". Margaret, his wife, survived him and remarried Walter Marshal, 5th Earl of Pembroke.

description: 2nd Earl of Lincoln, 7th Baron of Halton Castle, 5th Lord of Bowland and Constable of Chester

wikidata_label: John de Lacy

wikipedia_title: John de Lacy, 2nd Earl of Lincoln


text: Tokugawa Ieyasu

text: Lady Tsukiyama

text: Honda Shigetsugu

text: Hamamatsu Castle

text: Mikawa Province

text: Matsudaira Nobuyasu

text: Oda Nobunaga

text: seppuku

text: Battle of Komaki-Nagakute

text: Hashiba Hideyoshi

text: courtesy title

text: Court rank

text: Kyūshū Campaign

text: Hyūga Province

text: Siege of Odawara (1590)

text: Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98)

text: Yūki Harutomo

text: Shimōsa Province

text: koku

text: Battle of Sekigahara

text: Tokugawa Hidetada

text: Tokugawa shogunate

text: Echizen Province

text: Matsudaira

text: "Gon-Chūnagon"

text: syphilis

text: Siege of Osaka

text: Toyotomi Hideyori

text: Matsudaira Tadanao

text: Meiji restoration

text: Tokugawa Ieyasu

text: Matsudaira Tadanao

text: Matsudaira Tadamasa

text: Mōri Hidenari

text: Matsue Domain

text: Himeji Domain

text: Ōno Domain

text: Matsudaira Munenori

text: Fukui City Museum

text: "Fukui" at Edo 300

categories: Shinpan daimyo,Tokugawa clan,1574 births,Echizen-Matsudaira clan,Toyotomi clan,1607 deaths

paragraph: Yūki Hideyasu

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Hideyasu was born as in 1574, the second son of Tokugawa Ieyasu, by Lady Oman (also known as Lady Kogō), a handmaiden to his wife, Lady Tsukiyama. When Oman became pregnant, Ieyasu feared his wife's wrath, so he sheltered the girl in the home of his retainer Honda Shigetsugu, in Ofumi Village near Hamamatsu Castle, and it was there that Ogimaru and his brother were born.

paragraph: Oman is said to have given birth to twins, and that Ogimaru's brother succeeded Oman's father as priest of Chiryū Shrine in Mikawa Province.

paragraph: The young Ogimaru was, for some reason, disliked by his father Ieyasu. It was not until age three that he met Ieyasu, and even that meeting, cold as it was, was not arranged by the father, but instead by Ogimaru's elder half-brother, Matsudaira Nobuyasu. After Oda Nobunaga demanded that Ieyasu order Nobuyasu's "seppuku", Ogimaru would have been the next in line to inherit the Tokugawa headship by birth; however, as part of the peace negotiations following the Battle of Komaki-Nagakute, he was given in adoption (in reality as a hostage) to the childless Hashiba Hideyoshi in 1584. Coming of age while living with Hideyoshi, Ogimaru was given the name Hashiba Hideyasu, which combined the names of his adoptive father and biological father. He was also granted courtesy title of "Mikawa-no-kami", and his Court rank was Senior Fifth Rank, Lower Grade, raised to "Ukonoue-gon-shōshō" and Senior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade in 1585

paragraph: Section::::Mature years.

paragraph: Hideyasu took part in his first campaign during the Kyūshū Campaign of 1587, leading the assault on Buzen-Iwaishi Castle. He also received honors for his distinction in the pacification of Hyūga Province. Hideyasu also took part in the Siege of Odawara (1590) and the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98). His successes in these campaigns earned him respect as an able field commander, despite his youth.

paragraph: However, in 1589, a natural son was born to Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Hideyasu had adopted several promising candidates as heir over the years, and began to give these men in adoption to other great houses to avoid a potential conflict over the succession. Hideyasu was given in adoption in 1590 to Yūki Harutomo of Shimōsa Province, and married Harutomo's niece, becoming Yūki Hideyasu and succeeded to the Yūki headship and its 101,000 "koku" holding.

paragraph: Section::::Later years.

paragraph: During the Battle of Sekigahara, Yūki Hideyasu was ordered by Ieyasu to remain in his holdings in Shimōsa, possibly because of his pro-Toyotomi sympathies, and possibility because his emergence as a strong military leader might threaten the prestige and position of his younger half-brother, Tokugawa Hidetada. Following the Battle of Sekigahara and the establishment of the Tokugawa shogunate, he was given all of Echizen Province (670,000 "koku") as his fief. In 1604, he was allowed to take the surname Matsudaira. In 1605, his court rank was elevated to Senior Third Rank, and his courtesy title to "Gon-Chūnagon".

paragraph: Hideyasu died, possibly from syphilis in 1607, at the age of 34, seven years after the Battle of Sekigahara, eight years before Tokugawa Ieyasu completed the destruction of the Toyotomi clan at the Siege of Osaka. He left a will to his heir urging support for Toyotomi Hideyori even if the Tokugawa decided to attack. His son and heir, Matsudaira Tadanao ignored his father's will and thus the Echizen-Matsudaira clan survived to the Meiji restoration of 1868.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Father: Tokugawa Ieyasu

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mother: Lady Oman (1548–1620) later Chōshō-in

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wife, concubines, children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wife: Tsuruhime, daughter of Yūki Harutomo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concubine: Nakagawa no Tsubone later Seiryō-in

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matsudaira Tadanao

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matsudaira Tadamasa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concubine: ???

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kisahime (1598–1655) married Mōri Hidenari

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concubine: Gesshoōin

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matsudaira Naomasa (1601–1666) inherited Matsue Domain

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concubine: Shinryō-in

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matsudaira Naomoto (1604–1648) inherited Himeji Domain

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concubine: Nao no Tsubone later Nagaju-in

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matsudaira Naoyoshi (1605–1678) inherited Ōno Domain

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concubine: ???

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matsudaira Munenori

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fukui City Museum (in Japanese)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fukui" at Edo 300

paragraph: BULLET::::- 越前松平氏 (Echizen Matsudaira) at ReichsArchiv.jp

alias:
Yuki Hideyasu
Yuuki Hideyasu

description: Japanese daimyo who lived during the Azuchi-Momoyama and early Edo periods

wikidata_label: Yūki Hideyasu

wikipedia_title: Yūki Hideyasu