text:
Grand Prix
motorcycle
road racer
Switzerland
Turbenthal
Zürich
Switzerland
Daytona International Speedway
1994
1996
1997 Superbike World Championship
1998
MuZ
Swissauto
Doriano Romboni
motorcycle racing
Swissauto
Muz 500
1999 season
MuZ
Petronas FP1
Superbike World Championship
2002
2005
Kawasaki ZX-RR
MotoGP
2006
2007
Ilmor Engineering
Ilmor X3
2010
2011
2012
Marc Márquez
MotoGP
2012 season
BMW
S1000RR
Marc VDS Racing Team
Claiming Rule Team
Forward Racing
Eskil Suter Racing web site

categories: Living people,1967 births,Superbike World Championship riders,Swiss motorcycle designers,250cc World Championship riders,500cc World Championship riders,Swiss motorcycle racers

paragraph: Eskil Suter

paragraph: Eskil Suter (born 29 June 1967) is a former Grand Prix motorcycle road racer and current motorcycle chassis constructor from Switzerland.

paragraph: Section::::Motorcycle racing career.

paragraph: Born in Turbenthal, Zürich, Switzerland, Suter finished in second place in the 1991 250cc International Lightweight class at the Daytona International Speedway. Suter had his best seasons in 1994 and 1996 when he finished in 13th place in the 250cc world championship. He raced in one round of the 1997 Superbike World Championship but failed to score any points. In the 1998 500cc season, he was a development rider for the MuZ team that used a Swissauto engine in a French-made ROC frame. When regular rider Doriano Romboni was injured in the second race of the season, Suter took over and scored points in three races.

paragraph: Section::::Suter Racing Technology.

paragraph: Suter founded a company, named Suter Racing Technology (SRT) in 1996, which specialized in project engineering applied in motorcycle racing. Suter developed, in cooperation with Swissauto, the Muz 500 bike, in particular the chassis design and concept for the 1999 season, after the MuZ team decided to cease using the ROC frame.

paragraph: SRT was responsible for the design and development of the Petronas FP1 900cc three-cylinder engine; the bike competed in Superbike World Championship from 2002 to 2005. The company also helped with the development of Kawasaki ZX-RR MotoGP between 2004 and 2006. In 2006 and 2007, SRT was involved with Ilmor Engineering in the chassis design of the 800cc Ilmor X3 motorcycle.

paragraph: In 2010, with the introduction of the new 600cc Moto2 class, Suter Racing Technology started providing its chassis to the category. Suter won the Manufacturers' Championship in 2010 and 2011, but none of its riders claimed the title. In 2012, Suter claimed its third consecutive Manufacturers' Championship and claimed its first rider's championship when Marc Márquez became the Moto2 world champion.

paragraph: SRT also built a MotoGP prototype machine for the 2012 season; the bike, powered by 1000cc BMW S1000RR engines, was tested from late 2010 and during 2011 by Marc VDS Racing Team. The bike competed in the top class with a Claiming Rule Team, Forward Racing.

paragraph: Section::::Motorcycle Grand Prix results.

paragraph: Points system from 1988 to 1991:

paragraph: Points system in 1992:

paragraph: Points system from 1993:

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eskil Suter Racing web site

description: Spanish motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Eskil Suter

wikipedia_title: Eskil Suter


text:
American football
University of Tennessee
National Football League
offensive guard
Oakland/Los Angeles Raiders
Dave Dalby
Gene Upshaw
Dave Dalby
Charley Hannah
Super Bowl XV
Super Bowl XVIII
1980–81 NFL playoffs
San Diego Chargers
Philadelphia Eagles
Super Bowl XV
Charlie Johnson
Bill Bergey
Frank LeMaster
1983–84 NFL playoffs
Seattle Seahawks
Joe Nash
Joe Norman
Keith Butler
Washington Redskins
Super Bowl XVIII
Dave Butz
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

categories: American football offensive linemen,1955 births,Los Angeles Raiders players,Super Bowl champions,2017 deaths,Oakland Raiders players,Tennessee Volunteers football players,Players of American football from North Carolina,People from Hendersonville, North Carolina

paragraph: Mickey Marvin

paragraph: Phillip Michael "Mickey" Marvin (October 5, 1955 – March 6, 2017) was a professional American football player.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: After attending the University of Tennessee, Marvin played in the National Football League for 11 seasons, from 1977 to 1987, as an offensive guard with the Oakland/Los Angeles Raiders. He was the starting right guard for the Raiders from 1978 to 1986, though playing only 2 games in 1979. With Dave Dalby and Gene Upshaw in 1980 and Dave Dalby and Charley Hannah in 1983, he helped solidify the middle of the offensive line which culminated in Raider wins of Super Bowl XV and Super Bowl XVIII. In the 1980 AFC championship game of the 1980–81 NFL playoffs, the Raiders beat the San Diego Chargers, rushing for 138 yards and passing for 261 yards. The Raiders then beat the Philadelphia Eagles in Super Bowl XV, rushing for a 117 yards and passing for 261 yards again, as Marvin outplayed Eagle nosetackle Charlie Johnson and inside linebackers Bill Bergey and Frank LeMaster. In the 1983 AFC championship game of the 1983–84 NFL playoffs, the Raiders beat the Seattle Seahawks, rushing for 205 yards and passing for 209 yards, as Marvin pushed around the nosetackle, Joe Nash, and the two inside linebackers Joe Norman and Keith Butler. The Raiders then beat the Washington Redskins in Super Bowl XVIII, rushing for a 231 yards and passing for 172 yards, as Marvin outmuscled the opposing defensive tackle, All-Pro Dave Butz.

paragraph: Marvin died from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, at the age of 61.

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Mickey Marvin

wikipedia_title: Mickey Marvin


text:
Spanish
Protestant reformer
regidor
Cuenca
Castile
Alfonso
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Aachen
University of Alcalá
Don Quixote
Sancho Panza
Spanish Inquisition
Naples
Rome
Henry VIII
Catherine of Aragon
Bologna
Pope Clement VII
Charles V
Don Pedro de Toledo
philological
Vermigli
Marcantonio Flaminio
Vittoria Colonna
Giulia Gonzaga
Ochino
Pietro Carnesecchi
Hebrew
Greek
Tauler
Trinity
Ferenc Dávid
nontrinitarian
Gaston Bonet-Maury
Alfonso de Valdés
Niccolò Franco
"Due dialoghi"
"Alfabeto Christiano"
Benjamin Barron Wiffen
John Calvin
"Valdés' Two Catechisms"
Christopher Sandius
Bibliotheca antitrinitariorum
Benjamin B. Wiffen
Edward Boehmer

categories: 1541 deaths,1490s births,Spanish male writers,Twin people from Spain,People from Cuenca, Spain,Spanish expatriates in Italy

paragraph: Juan de Valdés

paragraph: Juan de Valdés (c.1490 – August 1541) was a Spanish religious writer and Protestant reformer.

paragraph: He was the younger of twin sons of Fernando de Valdés, hereditary "regidor" of Cuenca in Castile, where Valdés was born. He has been confused with his twin brother Alfonso (a courtier of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, who attended Charles's coronation in Aachen in 1520 and was Latin secretary of state from 1524). Alfonso died in 1532 at Vienna.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Juan, who probably studied at the University of Alcalá, first appears as the anonymous author of a politico-religious "Diálogo de Mercurio y Carón", written and published about 1528. A passage in this work may have suggested Don Quixote's advice to Sancho Panza on appointment to his governorship. The "Diálogo" attacked the corruptions of the Roman Church; hence Valdés, in fear of the Spanish Inquisition, left Spain for Naples in 1530.

paragraph: In 1531 he removed to Rome, where his criticisms of papal policy were condoned, since in his "Diálogo" he had upheld the validity of Henry VIII's marriage with Catherine of Aragon. On 12 January 1533 he writes from Bologna, in attendance upon Pope Clement VII. From the autumn of 1533 he made Naples his permanent residence, his name being Italianized as Valdésso and Val d'Esso. Confusion with his brother may account for the statement (without evidence) of his appointment by Charles V as secretary to the viceroy at Naples, Don Pedro de Toledo; there is no proof of his holding any official position, though Curione (in 1544) writes of him as "cavalliere di Cesare." His house on the Chiaja was the centre of a literary and religious circle; his conversations and writings (circulated in manuscript) stimulated the desire for a spiritual reformation of the church.

paragraph: His first production at Naples was a philological treatise, "Diálogo de la Lengua" (1535). His works entitle him to a foremost place among Spanish prose writers. His friends urged him to seek distinction as a humanist, but his bent was towards problems of Biblical interpretation in their bearing on the devout life. Vermigli (Peter Martyr) and Marcantonio Flaminio were leading spirits in his "coterie", which included the marchioness of Pescara Vittoria Colonna (April 1490; a widower since 1525 – 25 February 1547, aged 57), since 1537, and her younger widower sister-in-law, Giulia Gonzaga, (1513; marries 1526, aged 13; a widower since 1529, aged 16 – 16 April 1566, aged 53).

paragraph: His influence was great on Ochino, for whose sermons he furnished themes. Pietro Carnesecchi, (24 December 1508 – 1 October 1567), burned by the Inquisition in 1567, who had known Valdés at Rome as "a modest and well-bred courtier," found him at Naples (1540) "wholly intent upon the study of Holy Scripture," translating portions into Spanish from Hebrew and Greek, with comments and introductions. To him Carnesecchi ascribes his own adoption of the Evangelical doctrine of justification by faith, and at the same time his rejection of the policy of the Lutheran schism. Valdés died at Naples in May 1541.

paragraph: His death scattered his band of associates. Abandoning the hope of a regenerated Catholicism, Ochino and Vermigli left Italy. Some of Valdés's writings were by degrees published in Italian translations. Showing much originality and penetration, they combine a delicate vein of semi-mystical spirituality with the personal charm attributed to their author in all contemporary notices. Llorente traces in Valdés the influence of Tauler; any such influence must have been at second hand. The Aviso on the interpretation of Scripture, based on Tauler, was probably the work of Alfonso. Valdés was in relations with Fra Benedetto of Mantua, the anonymous author of "Del Benefizio di Gesù Cristo Crocefisso", revised by Flaminio (reprinted by Dr Babington, Cambridge, 1855).

paragraph: The suggestion that Valdés departed from Catholic Orthodoxy about the Trinity was first made in 1567 by the Transylvanian bishop, Ferenc Dávid; it has been adopted by Sand (1684), Wallace (1850) and other nontrinitarian writers, and is countenanced by Bayle. To this view some colour is given by isolated expressions in his writings, and by the subsequent course of Ochino (whose heterodox repute rests, however, on the insight with which he presented objections). Gaston Bonet-Maury (1842–1919) comments: "Valdés never discusses the Trinity (even when commenting on Matt, xxviii. 19), reserving it (in his "Latte Spirituale") as a topic for advanced Christians; yet he explicitly affirms the consubstantiality of the Son, whom he unites in doxologies with the Father and the Holy Spirit" (Opusc. p. 145). Practical theology interested him more than speculative, his aim being the promotion of a healthy and personal piety.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Diálogo de Lactancio y un Arcediano", also known as: "Diálogo de las cosas ocurridas en Roma", ca. 1527, as well as "Diálogo de Mercurio y Carón", ca. 1528, by Juan's brother: Alfonso de Valdés, are ascribed to Juan in the reprint, . An Italian translation (by Niccolò Franco ?) of both works was printed in Venice (1545) as "Due dialoghi".

paragraph: BULLET::::- , from a manuscript in the Palatine Library, Vienna; ; .

paragraph: BULLET::::- . First printing: Venice (1546). English translation "Alfabeto Christiano" by  Benjamin Barron Wiffen  (1861); no Spanish original is known.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (not later than 1545: a page was used by the Venetian edition (1545) of John Calvin's Catéchisme de l'Eglise de Genève). English translation into "Valdés' Two Catechisms". No known Spanish original.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ; all copies of the original edition suppressed by the Spanish Inquisition; thirty-nine of the .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Seven Doctrinal Letters" (original published with the "Trataditos" from Vienna manuscript), in English, by JT Betts, with the Opuscules.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Comentario Breve... sobre la Epístola de San Pablo a los Romanos", Venice, 1556 (with text; edited by Juan Pérez de Pineda); reprinted, 1856; in English, by J. T. Betts, 1883.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Comentario Breve... sobre la Primera Epístola de san Pablo a los Corintios", Venice, 1557.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "El Evangelio de San Mateo" (text and commentary), 1881, from Vienna manuscript; in English, by JT Betts, 1883.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "El Salterio" (the Psalms from Hebrew into Spanish), published with the Trataditos from Vienna manuscript.

paragraph: BULLET::::- At Vienna is an unpublished commentary in Spanish on Psalms i.–xli.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Christopher Sandius in his Bibliotheca antitrinitariorum (1684) mentions a commentary on St John's Gospel, not known to exist.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: Notices of Valdés are in , Bayle and . Revival of interest in him is due to

paragraph: BULLET::::- .

paragraph: Fuller knowledge of his career was opened up by Benjamin B. Wiffen, whose Life of Valdés is prefixed to Betts's translation of the . Discoveries have since been made in the Aulic Library, Vienna, by Edward Boehmer:

paragraph: Section::::Sources.:See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- .

paragraph: BULLET::::- .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Barry Collett, "Italian Benedictine Scholars and the Reformation",1985

paragraph: BULLET::::- .

description: Spanish writer

wikidata_label: Juan de Valdés

wikipedia_title: Juan de Valdés


text: Greek

text: Greek

text: philosopher

text: Roman period

text: The Anabasis of Alexander

text: campaigns

text: Alexander the Great

text: Nicomedia

text: İzmit

text: Bithynia

text: consul

text: Nicopolis

text: Epictetus

text: Lucian

text: Xenophon

text: Socrates

text: Hadrian

text: Senate

text: consul suffectus

text: Cappadocia

text: Marcus Aurelius

text: paideia

text: Hadrian

text: Discourses of Epictetus

text: George Long

text: Enchiridion

text: JB Stockdale

text: Photius

text: Oxyrhynchus

text: Alexander the Great

text: Suda

text: Stephen of Byzantium

text: Photius

text: Syncellus

text: Parthian war

text: Trajan

text: Parthians

text: Artaxerxes II

text: Indica

text: India

text: Megasthenes

text: Nearchus

text: phalanx

text: hippika gymnasia

text: Alani

text: Dion

text: Timoleon

text: Photius

text: Suidas

text: Arnobius

text: Aulus Gellius

text: Pliny the Younger

text: Simplicius

text: Nilus

text: Nicholas Blancard

text: William Vincent

text: R. Syme

text: Livius

text: Arrian of Nicomedia

text: Flavii Arriani quae exstant omnia

text: Anabasis Alexandri

text: Teubner

text: Anabasis Alexandri

text: (section 1.13-16) (pdf, pp. 18-19)

text: Battle of Granicus

text: Loeb Classical Library

text: (section 4.18.4-19.6)

text: Sogdian Rock

text: (Section 7.5.1-16)

text: Cynegeticus

text: Events after Alexander

text: The Indica

text: Array against the Alans

text: excerpt

text: excerpt

text: excerpt

text: excerpt

categories: 2nd-century Romans,People from Bithynia,Historians from Roman Anatolia,Roman-era Greek historians,Ionic Greek writers,Roman governors of Cappadocia,2nd-century historians,1st-century Romans,Roman-era Greeks,86 births,Ancient Roman generals,Alexander the Great,2nd-century Greek people,Flavii,Attic Greek writers,1st-century Greek people,2nd-century deaths,Ancient Greek military writers,Suffect consuls of Imperial Rome

paragraph: Arrian

paragraph: Arrian of Nicomedia (; Greek: "Arrianos"; ; ) was a Greek historian, public servant, military commander and philosopher of the Roman period.

paragraph: "The Anabasis of Alexander" by Arrian is considered the best source on the campaigns of Alexander the Great. However, more recently, even though modern scholars have generally preferred Arrian to other extant primary sources, this attitude towards Arrian is beginning to change in the light of studies into Arrian's method.

paragraph: Section::::Arrian's life.

paragraph: Arrian was born in Nicomedia (present-day İzmit), the provincial capital of Bithynia. Dio called him Flavius Arrianus Nicomediansis. In respect of his birth date, sources provide similar dates for his birth; within a few years prior to 90, 89, and 85–90 AD. The line of reasoning for dates belonging to 85-90 AD is from the fact of Arrian being made a consul around 130 AD, and the usual age for this, during this period, being forty-two years of age. (ref. p. 312, & SYME 1958, "same page"). His family was from the Greek provincial aristocracy, and his full name, "L. Flavius Arrianus", indicates that he was a Roman citizen, suggesting that the citizenship went back several generations, probably to the time of the Roman conquest some 170 years before.

paragraph: Sometime during the 2nd century AD (117 to 120 AD) while in Epirus, probably Nicopolis, Arrian attended lectures of Epictetus of Nicopolis, and proceeded within a time to fall into his pupillage, a fact attested to by Lucian. All that is known about the life of Epictetus is due to Arrian, in that Arrian left an "Encheiridion" ("Handbook") of Epictetus' philosophy. After Epirus he went to Athens, and while there he became known as the "young Xenophon" as a consequence of the similarity of his relation to Epictetus as Xenophon had to Socrates.

paragraph: For a period, some time about 126 AD, he was a friend of the emperor Hadrian, who appointed him to the Senate. He was appointed to the position "consul suffectus" around 130 AD, and then, in 132 AD (although Howatson shows 131), he was made prefect or legate (governor) of Cappadocia by Hadrian, a service he continued for six years. When he retired, Arrian went to live in Athens, where he became "" sometime during 145 or 146 (EJ Chinnock shows, "he retired to Nicomedia and was appointed priest to Demeter and Persephone while there"). He died in the reign of Marcus Aurelius.

paragraph: Arrian referred to himself as "the second Xenophon", on account of his reputation and the esteem in which he was held. Lucian stated him to be:

paragraph: Τhis quality is identified as paideia (παιδεία) which is the quality considered to be of one who is known as an educated and learned personage, i.e., one who is highly esteemed and important.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: There are eight extant works (cf. Syvänne, footnote of p. 260). The Indica and the Anabasis are the only works completely intact. His entire remaining oeuvre is known as "FGrH 156" to designate those collected fragments which exist.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:"Periplus of the Euxine Sea".

paragraph: This work is the earliest extant work that is dated with any confidence. It is a writing addressed to the Emperor Hadrian.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:"Discourses of Epictetus" and "Enchiridion of Epictetus".

paragraph: Arrian was a pupil of Epictetus around 108 AD, and, according to his own account, he was moved to publish his notes of Epictetus' lectures, which are known as "Discourses of Epictetus", by their unauthorized dissemination. According to George Long, Arrian noted from Epictetus' lectures for his private use and some time later made of these, the "Discourses". Photius states that Arrian produced two books the "Dissertations" and the "Discourses". The Discourses are also known as "Diatribai" and are apparently a verbatim recording of Epictetus' lectures.

paragraph: The "Enchiridion" is a short compendium of all Epictetus' philosophical principles. It is also known as a handbook, and A Mehl considers the "Enchiridion" to have been a "" for Arrian. The "Enchiridion" is apparently a summary of the Discourses.

paragraph: JB Stockdale considered that Arrian wrote eight books of which four were lost by the Middle Ages and the remaining ones became the "Discourses". In a comparison of the contents of the "Enchiridion" with the "Discourses", it is apparent that the former contains material not present within the latter, suggesting an original lost source for the "Enchiridion".

paragraph: Section::::Works.:"Homiliai Epiktetou".

paragraph: "Friendly conversations with Epictetus" ("Homiliai Epiktetou") is a 12 book work mentioned by Photius in his "Bibliotheca", of which only fragments remain.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:"Anabasis of Alexander".

paragraph: The "Anabasis of Alexander" comprises seven books. Arrian used Xenophon's account of the March of Cyrus as the basis for this work.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:"Ta met' Alexandron".

paragraph: "History of the Diadochi" or "Events after Alexander" is a work originally of ten books; a commentary on this work was written by Photius (FW Walbank, p. 8).

paragraph: Three extant fragments are the "Vatican Palimpsest" (of the 10th century AD), PSI 12.1284 (Oxyrhynchus), and the "Gothenburg palimpsest" (of the 10th century also), these possibly stemming originally from Photius.

paragraph: The writing is about the successors of Alexander the Great, circa 323 – 321 or 319.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:"Parthica".

paragraph: A lost work of seventeen books, fragments of "Parthica" were maintained by the Suda and Stephen of Byzantium. The work survives only in adaptations made later by Photius and Syncellus. Translated, the title is "History of the Parthians". Arrian's aim in the work was to set forth events of the Parthian war of Trajan. The writing mentioned that the Parthians trace their origins to Artaxerxes II.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:"Bithyniaca".

paragraph: A work of eight books, "Bibliotheca" (via Photius) states it is the fourth to have been written by Arrian.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:"Nicomediensis Scripta minora".

paragraph: A work translated "a Nicodemian script (minor)".

paragraph: Section::::Works.:"Indica".

paragraph: Indica is a work on a variety of things pertaining to India, and the voyage of Nearchus in the Persian Gulf. The first part of "Indica" was based largely on the work of the same name of Megasthenes, the second part based on a journal written by Nearchus.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:"Techne Taktike".

paragraph: Written 136/137 AD (in the 20th year of Hadrian), "Techne Taktike" is a treatise on Roman cavalry and military tactics, and includes information on the nature, arms and discipline of the phalanx. The "hippika gymnasia" is a particular concern of Arrian in the treatise.

paragraph: Another translation of the title is "Ars tactica", which, in Greek, is Τέχνη τακτική.

paragraph: This work has generally been considered in large part a panegyric to Hadrian, written for the occasion of his "vicenallia", although some scholars have argued that its second half may have had practical use.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:"Kynēgetikos".

paragraph: "Cynegeticus" (Κυνηγετικός), translated as "the hunting man", is a work about hunting dogs, "canes venatici", the Celtic grey-hound.

paragraph: The work is based on an earlier exposition made by Xenophon, whom Arrian thought to be the authority on the subject of hunting.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:"Ektaxis kata Alanon".

paragraph: "Ektaxis kata Alanon" (Ἔκταξις κατὰ Ἀλανῶν) is a work of a now fragmentary nature; the title is translated as "Deployment against the Alani" or "The order of battle against the Alans" or referred to simply as "Alanica". It is thought not have been written as a presentation of facts but for literary reasons. Pertaining to the relevant historical facts, though, while governor of Cappadocia, Arrian repelled an invasion of the Alani sometime during 135 AD, a struggle in which Arrian's two legions were victorious.

paragraph: Within the work, Arrian explicitly identified the particular means of pursuing warfare as being based on Greek methods.

paragraph: "Ektaxis kata Alanon" is also translated as "Acies contra Alanos". The work was known for a time as "A History of the Alani" ("Alanike" via Photius). A fragment describing a plan of battle against the Alani was found in Milan around the 17th century which was thought at that time to belong to the "History".

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Biographical series.

paragraph: There were also a number of monographs or biographies, including of Dion of Syracuse, Timoleon of Corinth, and Tilliborus, a brigand or robber of Asia minor, which are now lost.

paragraph: Section::::Sources, transmission, translations and publications.

paragraph: Everything known of his life derives from the 9th century writing of Photius in his "Bibliotheca", and from those few references which exist within Arrian's own writings. The knowledge of his consulship, is derived at the least from literature produced by Suidas. Arnobius (c. 3rd century AD) mentions Arrian. Arrian was also known of by Aulus Gellius. Pliny the Younger addressed seven of his epistles to him. Simplicius made a copy of the Encheridion, which was transmitted under the name of the monastic father Nilus during the 5th century, and as a result found in every monastery library.

paragraph: Nicholas Blancard made translations of Arrian in 1663 and 1668.

paragraph: The voyage of Nearchus and Periplus of the Erythrean Sea were translated from the Greek by the then Dean of Westminster, William Vincent, and published 1809. Vincent published a commentary in 1797 on "The voyage of Nearchus". The work was also translated into French by M.Billecocq, under the auspices of the government (cf. p. 321).

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arrian, "The Campaigns of Alexander", translated by Aubrey de Sélincourt, Penguin Classics, 1958 and numerous subsequent editions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Phillips, A. A., and M. M. Willcock (eds.). "Xenophon and Arrian On Hunting with Hounds". "Cynegeticus". Oxford: Aris & Phillips, 1999. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- P. A. Stadter, "Arrian of Nicomedia", Chapel Hill, 1980.

paragraph: BULLET::::- R. Syme, 'The Career of Arrian', "Harvard Studies in Classical Philology" vol.86 (1982), pp. 171–211.

paragraph: BULLET::::- E. L. Wheeler, "Flavius Arrianus: a political and military biography", Duke University, 1977.nn

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yardley, J. & Heckel, W. (2004) "The History of Alexander", Penguin, London, pp.5 & 269.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brodersen, K. (2017) "Arrianos / Asklepiodotos: Die Kunst der Taktik." Greek and German, De Gruyter, Berlin .

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Livius, Arrian of Nicomedia by Jona Lendering

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Arrian On Coursing: the Cynegeticus" William Dansey 1831

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arrianus's voyage round the Euxine Sea: translated and accompanied with a geographical dissertation and maps

paragraph: BULLET::::- Texts online

paragraph: BULLET::::- Collected works: "Flavii Arriani quae exstant omnia", A. G. Roos (ed.), 2 vols., Lipsiae, in aedibus B. G. Teubneri, 1967–68.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arrian, Anabasis Alexandri, Teubner monolingual Greek edition, edited by A.G. Roos (1907)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arrian, Anabasis Alexandri, translated by E.J. Chinnock (1893)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arrian, Anabasis Alexandri, (section 1.13-16) (pdf, pp. 18-19), Battle of Granicus, from the Loeb Classical Library edition.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arrian, Anabasis Alexandri, (section 4.18.4-19.6), Sogdian Rock, translated by Aubrey de Sélincourt

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arrian, Anabasis Alexandri, (Section 7.5.1-16), translated by John Yardley

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arrian, Cynegeticus, translated and edited by William Dansey (1831)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arrian, Events after Alexander (from Photius' "Bibliotheca") translated by John Rooke, edited by Tim Spalding

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arrian, The Indica translated by E. Iliff Robson.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arrian, Array against the Alans (Ἔκταξις κατὰ Ἀλανῶν) translated by Sander van Dorst, with the Greek (transliterated) and copious notes.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Photius' excerpt of Arrian's "Anabasis", translated by J. S. Freese

paragraph: BULLET::::- Photius' excerpt of Arrian's "Bithynica", translated by J. S. Freese

paragraph: BULLET::::- Photius' excerpt of Arrian's "Parthica", translated by J. S. Freese

paragraph: BULLET::::- Photius' excerpt of Arrian's "Events after Alexander", translated by J. S. Freese

alias:
Arrian of Nicomedia
Lucius Flavius Arrianus

description: Roman historian, public servant, military commander and philosopher of the 2nd-century

enwikiquote_title: Arrian

wikidata_label: Arrian

wikipedia_title: Arrian


text:
navarch
Alexander the Great
Indus river
Persian Gulf
Indian campaign
Alexander the Great
Lato
Crete
Amphipolis
Macedonia
Philip II's
Ptolemy
Erigyius
Ptolemy
Erigyius
Laomedon
Harpalus
Pixodarus
satrap
Lycia
Pamphylia
Bactria
Aornus
Hydaspes
Indica
trierarch
Indus
Persian Gulf
Arrian
Indica
Onesicritus
Bahrain
Tylos
Carmania
Gedrosia
Euphrates
Susa
Barsine
Mentor
Babylon
Chaldea
death
Heracles
Barsine
Antigonus’
Demetrius
Strabo
Arrian
Indica
Anabasis Alexandri
Plutarch
Strabo
Diodorus Siculus
Justin
The Indica
Pothos.org:Nearchus
Livius
Nearchus
The Trierarchs
livius.org

categories: Ancient Greeks in Macedon,Admirals of Alexander the Great,Explorers of Asia,Historians who accompanied Alexander the Great,360s BC births,Ancient Greek generals,Settlers in Amphipolis,Ancient Cretan generals,Hellenistic-era people,History of Bahrain,Ancient Greek explorers,Hetairoi,4th-century BC Greek people,Satraps of the Alexandrian Empire,Geographers of Alexander the Great

paragraph: Nearchus

paragraph: Nearchus or Nearchos (; – 300 BC) was one of the officers, a navarch, in the army of Alexander the Great. He is known for his celebrated voyage from the Indus river to the Persian Gulf following the Indian campaign of Alexander the Great, in 326–324 BC.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: A native of Lato in Crete and son of Androtimus, his family settled at Amphipolis in Macedonia at some point during Philip II's reign (we must assume after Philip took the city in 357 BC), at which point Nearchus was probably a young boy.

paragraph: He was almost certainly older than Alexander, as were Ptolemy, Erigyius, and the others of the ‘boyhood friends’; so depending on when Androtimus came to Macedonia Nearchus was quite possibly born in Crete.

paragraph: Nearchus, along with Ptolemy, Erigyius and Laomedon, and Harpalus, was one of Alexander's ‘mentors’ – and he was exiled by Philip as a result of the Pixodarus affair (A 3.6.5; P 10.4). It is not known where the exiles went, but they were recalled only after Philip's death, on Alexander's accession.

paragraph: After their recall, these men were held in the highest honour. Nearchus was appointed as satrap of Lycia and Pamphylia in 334/3 BC (A 3.3.6), one of the earliest of Alexander's satrapal appointments. In 328 BC he was relieved of his post and rejoined Alexander in Bactria, bringing with him reinforcements (A 4.7.2; C 7.10.4, but does not mention Nearchus himself). After the siege of Aornus Nearchus was sent at the head of a reconnaissance mission – especially to find out about elephants (A 4.30.5–6).

paragraph: In 326 BC, Nearchus was made admiral of the fleet that Alexander had built at the Hydaspes (A 6.2.3; "Indica" 18.10). However, his trierarchy was a financial responsibility – that is, Nearchus put up the money for the boats (Heckel, p. 229); and there were plenty of other trierarchs in the Indus fleet who were not natural born sailors.

paragraph: During the voyage some of the ships were damaged, and Nearchus was instructed to remain behind to oversee repairs, before continuing down the river. This perhaps indicates some knowledge of shipbuilding, but he could hardly have been the only one qualified.

paragraph: However, he remained in command of the fleet for the voyage from the Indus to the Persian Gulf, which he recorded in detail (and which was used extensively for Arrian’s "Indica"). Again, although he was the admiral, in command of the fleet, great seamanship was not required – the naval responsibilities were Onesicritus’. During the voyage, Nearchus was reputedly the first Greek commander to visit Bahrain, which was called Tylos by the Greeks. His visit marked the start of Bahrain's inclusion within the Hellenic world, which culminated in the worship of Zeus (as the Arab sun god, Shams) and Greek being spoken as the language of the upper classes.

paragraph: After many adventures, Nearchus arrived in Carmania, meeting up with Alexander after the latter's crossing of the Gedrosian desert. Alexander sent him off to complete his voyage – he went as far as the Euphrates before turning back to rejoin Alexander at Susa, in early 324 BC.

paragraph: Nearchus married the daughter of Barsine and Mentor (A 7.4.6), and received a crown as recognition of his exertions (A 7.5.6). He then took the fleet up to Babylon, where he gave Alexander the Chaldeans’ warning not to enter the city (P 73.1–2).

paragraph: Nearchus had a place in Alexander’s final plans, as he was to be the admiral of the Arabian invasion fleet; but the plans were cut short by the king’s death.

paragraph: In the initial arguments over the rule of the empire Nearchus supported Heracles, Alexander’s son by Barsine – the king’s mistress was now his mother-in-law. Once order broke down he joined Antigonus’ camp. His last mention is as an adviser to Demetrius in 313/2 BC (D 19.69.1); what happened after that is not known, although he probably retired to write his history.

paragraph: Nearchus wrote a history of his voyages together with a description of India entitled "Indica". This text is now lost, but its contents are known from information included by Strabo and other later authors. An account of his voyage is given in Arrian's own "Indica", written in the 2nd century AD.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Ancient authorities: Arrian, "Anabasis Alexandri", vi. 19, 21; vii. 4, 19, 20, 25: Plutarch, "Life of Alexander", 10, 68, 75: Strabo, xv. pp. 721, 725; Diodorus Siculus, xvii. 104: Justin, xiii. 4.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pothos.org:Nearchus by Marcus Pailing

paragraph: BULLET::::- Livius, Nearchus by Jona Lendering

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Trierarchs of Nearchus by livius.org

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nearchus the Cretan and the Foundation of Cretopolis

description: Ancient Greek military commander

wikidata_label: Nearchus

wikipedia_title: Nearchus


text:
singer-songwriter
Musina
South Africa
South Africa
Ananzi Site
Podcast Shows
Video Yahoo
Music DB.org listing of CD's
SA Kunstenaars Website
Daily Dispatch Newspaper Article
YouTube site
Illana May Official Website

categories: 1976 births,People from Masvingo,South African musicians,South African female singers,South African pop singers,Living people,South African people of British descent

paragraph: Illana May

paragraph: Illana May (born February 1976) is a South African singer-songwriter/guitarist.

paragraph: She was educated in Messina, (now known as Musina), South Africa at Eric Louw High School.

paragraph: Averaging over 180 live shows per year, she is the busiest female musician in South Africa. With 7 CDs and a DVD released,her music is popular across Southern Africa.

paragraph: Whilst performing a wide range of cover songs, she also produces her own original music with a distinct rock feel. She sings in English and Afrikaans, and performs music in the genres of rock, pop, country and western and R&B.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ananzi Site

paragraph: BULLET::::- Podcast Shows

paragraph: BULLET::::- Video Yahoo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Music DB.org listing of CD's

paragraph: BULLET::::- SA Kunstenaars Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daily Dispatch Newspaper Article

paragraph: BULLET::::- YouTube site

paragraph: BULLET::::- Illana May Official Website

description: South African musician

wikidata_label: Illana May

wikipedia_title: Illana May


text: KBE

text: Ford Motor Company Limited

text: Henry Ford

text: Slough Estates

text: Bristol

text: H J Lawson

text: Ford Model A

text: Ford

text: Long Acre

text: Henry Ford

text: Henry Ford

text: REO

text: factory

text: Trafford Park

text: McKenna import duties

text: pacifist

text: CBE

text: knighted

text: Slough

text: Slough Trading Estate

text: André Citroen

text: Ford Motor Company Limited

text: Dearborn

text: Dagenham

text: Ford Model Y

text: Hull

text: tenant

text: Herm

categories: People educated at King Edward's School, Birmingham,1878 births,People from Bristol,1956 deaths,Automotive pioneers,Tenants of Herm,People in the automobile industry,Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom,English businesspeople

paragraph: Percival Perry, 1st Baron Perry

paragraph: Percival Lea Dewhurst Perry, 1st Baron Perry KBE (18 March 1878 – 17 June 1956) was an English motor vehicle manufacturer who served as chairman of Ford Motor Company Limited in Britain for 20 years from its incorporation in 1928, completing almost a lifetime's work with Henry Ford. He also led the establishment of Slough Estates.

paragraph: Section::::Background and education.

paragraph: Percival Perry was born in Bristol, the third son of Alfred Thomas Perry and Elizabeth (née Wheeler). He won a scholarship to King Edward VI's Grammar School, Birmingham which he attended 1889–1894 then joined a solicitor's office but was unable to continue law studies from lack of funds.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: At 17 Perry moved to London to work in the motor industry for H J Lawson. He prepared a technical report on the earliest Ford Model A cars imported to Britain. In 1904, Aubrey Blakiston established Ford's first British agency, the Central Motor Company, in Long Acre, London. Perry joined the company as a minority shareholder in 1905, and after Blakiston's departure became managing director in 1906. Cash flow was an issue despite loans from Perry's father-in-law, since Henry Ford insisted on payment up-front when cars for export were loaded at New York harbour.

paragraph: Perry travelled to Detroit to seek improved credit terms or investment in the company from Henry Ford. Although the mission was unsuccessful, good personal relationships were established with Henry Ford. Perry came up with the idea of Ford manufacturing cars outside North America to be sold across the British Empire and Europe.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Ford.

paragraph: By 1908, the Central Motor Company was in trouble, despite bringing in new partners and finance. Perry left the company, and briefly imported and sold REO cars. When Ford decided to pursue direct investment in Britain, he contacted Perry who in 1909 was appointed manager of a Ford branch company for Britain. Perry set up a network of exclusively Ford dealers, raced the company's cars and published comic verse promoting cars to the public.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Ford.:Manufacture in Britain.

paragraph: In 1911 as head of the new Ford Motor Company (England) Limited he opened Ford's first factory outside North America in Trafford Park, Manchester. This operation, from 1914, included Britain's first mechanised chassis assembly system.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Ford.:Unions.

paragraph: Perry broke trade unionism imposing job mobility, time wages and direct managerial control over production. He also followed Henry Ford's policy of paying his workers more than usual in their sector.

paragraph: The 1915 McKenna import duties enforced manufacture in Britain. In 1916 Perry formed Automobiles Ford in Paris to take over Ford operations in France.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:1914–18 war.

paragraph: Henry Ford's pacifist leanings did not make him or his company popular in wartime Britain. Perry, by contrast, devoted his time and effort to making Ford of Britain appear patriotic and loyal. From 1916 to 1919, this experience led to his strong objection to state controls over manufacturing, Perry served without remuneration as:

paragraph: BULLET::::- deputy controller of food production (Board of Agriculture and Fisheries) 1916

paragraph: BULLET::::- director agricultural machinery department (Ministry of Munitions) 1917–18

paragraph: BULLET::::- deputy controller mechanical warfare department (Ministry of Munitions) 1918–19

paragraph: BULLET::::- director of traction mechanical warfare department (Ministry of Munitions) 1918–19

paragraph: For this unpaid work he was appointed CBE in 1917 and knighted in 1918.

paragraph: After the armistice Perry was determined to run all European operations himself. brFord had supplied many vehicles to the war effort. Although successful in protecting Ford's UK position, Perry's active involvement in wartime British government did not play well with Ford's head office in Detroit. Their differences could not be reconciled and, in 1919, he was sacked.

paragraph: Ford's British operations were then run by managers sent from Detroit.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Slough Trading Estate Limited.

paragraph: Free from involvement with Ford, Perry was available to lead the consortium which in 1920 purchased the Slough military motor transport depot and converted it into a model manufacturing estate based on Trafford Park, Slough Trading Estate. In 1922 – 1923, he persuaded André Citroen to begin building cars on the Slough Trading Estate. In 1922 he resigned as chairman and managing director though he retained his directorship and retired to live mostly on Herm in the Channel Islands where he wrote, with his wife "The Island of Enchantment" published in 1926.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Henry Ford reviews his decision.

paragraph: In the meantime, Ford's Detroit based management of Ford of Britain had not been successful.

paragraph: In 1928, Henry Ford asked Perry to become chairman, find directors and float a new British public listed company, Ford Motor Company Limited, 60% owned by Dearborn, taking over Ford operations throughout Europe and the Middle East and developing the new plants at Dagenham—the largest automobile factory outside USA—and Cork in the Irish Free State.

paragraph: Perry formulated Ford's new European strategy. Though frustrated at times by deteriorating economic and political conditions he maintained English control over all European operations superintending factories and assembly plants in Eire, Denmark, Spain, France, the Netherlands, Belgium and Germany.

paragraph: In January 1932 Ford Dagenham began production of Ford Model Y the first Ford specifically designed for markets outside North America.

paragraph: Section::::Other involvements.

paragraph: In addition to Slough Trading Perry held directorships with National Provincial Bank, The London Assurance and Firestone Tyre and Rubber Company Limited and was briefly an advisor to the Minister of Food in 1939–40.

paragraph: During the depression he arranged Fordson Farms at Boreham in Essex, an experiment in co-operative farming.

paragraph: Many were surprised at his liking for poetry literature and the arts. He enjoyed writing and published "New Songs" in 1925 and "The International Balance of Trade" in 1932 also pamphlets advocating '"free enterprise". He led a body formed in 1943 to promote his beliefs called Aims of Industry and was its president.

paragraph: Section::::Retirement.

paragraph: Henry Ford passed management to his grandson in 1945 and died in 1947. In April 1948 Perry retired, aged 70, and Dearborn purchased the European operations from the British company less than two years later.

paragraph: Section::::Peerage.

paragraph: In February 1938 Sir Percival Perry was raised to the peerage as Baron Perry, of Stock Harvard in the County of Essex.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Percival Perry married Catherine, daughter of John Meals, postmaster, of Hull, in 1902. They had no children. From 1923 to 1939, Perry was tenant of Herm. He died in June 1956 at New Providence Island in the Bahamas, aged 78. Lady Perry died six months later. The barony became extinct on his death.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ford – History of Ford in Britain Accessed 18 March 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- media.ford.com – FORD IN EUROPE: HISTORICAL TIME LINE Accessed 18 March 2007

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- This is Guernsey – Herm Accessed 18 March 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Perry Foundation Accessed 18 March 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lilystone Hall, Stock, Essex, the Perry residence

description: British businessman

wikidata_label: Percival Perry, 1st Baron Perry

wikipedia_title: Percival Perry, 1st Baron Perry


text:
Battle of Uji
Battle of Yahagigawa
Minamoto
Minamoto
Mizushima
Taira
Battle of Dan-no-ura
Taira
kabuki

categories: Suicides by drowning,People of the Genpei War,People of Heian-period Japan,Military personnel who committed suicide,Taira clan,1185 deaths,1152 births

paragraph: Taira no Tomomori

paragraph: He was the victor at the Battle of Uji in 1180, and also at the Battle of Yahagigawa in 1181, where, after forcing the enemy Minamoto forces to retreat, Tomomori fell ill, and so the pursuit was ended.

paragraph: Tomomori was again victorious over the Minamoto in a naval battle at Mizushima two years later. The Taira forces tied their ships together, to create a larger stable surface to fire arrows from, and to engage in hand-to-hand combat.

paragraph: At the Battle of Dan-no-ura, when the Taira were decisively beaten by their rivals, Tomomori joined many of his fellow clan members in committing suicide. He tied an anchor to his feet and leapt into the sea.

paragraph: Tomomori has become a popular subject for kabuki plays.

description: Taira Clan commander in the Genpei War

wikidata_label: Taira no Tomomori

wikipedia_title: Taira no Tomomori


text: American

text: punk rock

text: comedy rock

text: folk rock

text: Tucson

text: Arizona

text: Neil Young

text: Al Perry

text: The Village Voice

text: George Carlin

text: Al Perry & The Cattle

text: Mojo Nixon

text: Jello Biafra

text: Frank Zappa

text: Bob Dylan

text: Chuck Berry

text: Teddy in the Sky with Magnets

text: Sunnyslope

text: The Dangerous Playground

text: Lunch With The Devil

text: Deep Shag Records

text: The Theory of Intelligent Design

text: Alternative Tentacles

text: Halloween in America

text: Alternative Tentacles

text: Lethal Fairy tales

text: Alternative Tentacles

text: Fish Karma @ Deep Shag Records

text: "Fish Karma" @ Deep Shag Records

text: Fish Karma CD search

categories: American folk rock musicians,1959 births,Musicians from Tucson, Arizona,American comedy musicians,American punk rock musicians,Comedy rock,Living people,Alternative Tentacles artists

paragraph: Fish Karma

paragraph: Fish Karma (real name Terry Owen, b. 1959) is an American punk rock/comedy rock/folk rock musician from Tucson, Arizona.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Fish Karma has been called everything from Neil Young's bastard brother to the most horrible thing you've ever seen in your life. He has also been described as "one of the worst vocalists ever to have the gall to step in front of a mic, his voice falling somewhere between Neil Young after a swift boot to the naughty bits and the dying screech of a depleted air horn". His career in creative antagonism began at the University of Arizona where Fish worked with a student run comedy troupe. An early incarnation of Owen's stage persona featured Karma garbed in elf shoes and a full-length burlap gown (purchased at a Tucson thrift store) festooned with bottle caps. The stage bug infected him and, discovering that he could neither sing nor play an instrument, he decided to begin a life in music.

paragraph: While performing at a club called Tequila Mockingbird, Karma so offended musician Al Perry (who was employed as a bartender at the club) with his perverse renderings of Delta blues that Perry intentionally disrupted Karma's performances by running an electric drink mixer during his songs. This early antagonism led fortuitously to a musical collaboration lasting more than two decades. Recording on only the cheapest and most inferior equipment, Perry, like a revolted yet somewhat intrigued biographer, began capturing Fish's songs on tape. Karma's concerts made him a cult figure. Byron Coley of The Village Voice said "Fish is a great entertainer. Live, he strums along at whatever tempo he wants & rants & raves the funniest observations this side of George Carlin." Fish Karma's punk rock sensibilities and rusted razor wit led him to work with Al Perry & The Cattle, Mojo Nixon and Jello Biafra who says "Fish's music is your basic FUGS-style electric grunge folk, and his lyrics feature some of the meanest put-downs of American consumer culture I've heard in years." The songs "Should I Shop Or Should I Die" and "Grenada" aim their sights squarely at America's obsession with materialism and the need to police the world.

paragraph: After a few self-released albums, Fish got a record deal and put out two CDs: "Teddy In The Sky With Magnets" (1991) and "Sunnyslope" (1993). His trademark song "God Is A Groovy Guy" is about the ferocious and anal retentive Jehovah of the Old Testament that says "You are all doomed - especially you!". After years of touring and being generally pissed off about everything, Fish took a break in 1995; only popping up in 1998 to collaborate with Andy Young on the twisted children's record, The Dangerous Playground.

paragraph: The Tucson Weekly said "He's hilarious, irreverent, disgusting and thoroughly insightful. He's sort of a cross between Frank Zappa in the Freak Out days and early Bob Dylan ramblings." Fish is well known for his wry wit and humor, as well as an insatiable need to spit on all things conventional. He says "Part of my problem is that the first record I ever heard was "My Ding-A-Ling" by Chuck Berry. I have been struggling to overcome that disability ever since." Fish Karma's music is a tortured testament of his laughter in the face of oblivion. He is an eternally befuddled spokesperson for important social issues of which he has only a vague understanding.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Singles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hellhound on my Leg" (7", Addled Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "American" (7", Sapient Records)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "To Hell With Love, I'm Going Bowling" (cassette) (Addled Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Disco Entropy" (Addled Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Teddy in the Sky with Magnets" (1991) (Triple X)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sunnyslope" (1993) (Triple X)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Dangerous Playground" (1998) (San Jacinto)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lunch With The Devil" (2001) (Deep Shag Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Theory of Intelligent Design" (2006) (Alternative Tentacles)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Halloween in America" (2010) (Alternative Tentacles)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lethal Fairy tales" (2012) (Alternative Tentacles)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fish Karma @ Deep Shag Records (An earlier revision of this article is copied from this source with permission)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fish Karma" @ Deep Shag Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fish Karma CD search

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tucsonan Terry Owen celebrates two decades of collaboration with his alter ego, Fish Karma", Tucson Weekly, Aug 9 2001

wikidata_label: Fish Karma

wikipedia_title: Fish Karma


text:
Dainagon
Minamoto no Yukiie
Battle of Sunomatagawa
Taira
Battle of Ichi-no-Tani
Tōdai-ji

categories: 1158 births,People of the Genpei War,People of Heian-period Japan,Taira clan,1185 deaths

paragraph: Taira no Shigehira

paragraph: He married Fujiwara no Hoshi (藤原輔子), the second daughter of Dainagon Fujiwara Kunitsuna (藤原邦綱).

paragraph: Minamoto no Yukiie was defeated at the Battle of Sunomatagawa, after Shigehira was named commander-in-chief of the Taira forces and given 13,000 men.

paragraph: He was defeated and captured in 1184 at the Battle of Ichi-no-Tani. In 1185, he was then turned over to the monks of the Tōdai-ji monastery, which he had burned in Jan. 1181. He was killed by the monks in revenge.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Turnbull, Stephen (1998). "The Samurai Sourcebook." London: Cassell & Co.

description: One of Taira Clan's commanders during the Heian period

wikidata_label: Taira no Shigehira

wikipedia_title: Taira no Shigehira


text:
Paris
Neuilly-sur-Seine
Boris Vian
Jacques Prévert
Algeria
Breton
Annabelle Mouloudji
Ménilmontant
Les jeux sont faits
Blonde
Nous sommes tous des assassins
Trois femmes
Boum sur Paris
Le Déserteur
Le chanson de Tessa

categories: 1922 births,20th-century French male actors,French people of Breton descent,20th-century French singers,1994 deaths,French people of Algerian descent,French male singers,Burials at Père Lachaise Cemetery,Male actors from Paris,French people of Kabyle descent,Singers from Paris

paragraph: Marcel Mouloudji

paragraph: Marcel André Mouloudji (16 September 1922 – 14 June 1994) was a French singer and actor who was born in Paris and died in Neuilly-sur-Seine. He sang songs written by Boris Vian and Jacques Prévert.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Mouloudji was born to Algerian Saïd Mouloudji and Breton Eugénie Roux.

paragraph: Mouloudji had two children: Grégory Mouloudji with Lilia Lejpune and Annabelle Mouloudji with Nicolle Tessier.

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1936 : "Ménilmontant" – "La Guerre des gosses"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1937 : "Mirages" – "Claudine à l'école" – "À Venise, une nuit"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1938 : "Les Disparus de Saint-Agil"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1939 : "Le grand élan"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1940 : "L'Entraîneuse"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1941 : "L'Enfer des anges" – "Premier bal" – "Les Inconnus dans la maison"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1943 : "Adieu Léonard"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1944 : "Vautrin" – "L'Ange de la nuit"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1945 : "Boule de suif" – "Les Cadets de l'océan"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1946 : "Le Bataillon du ciel" – "Les Jeux sont faits" – "La Maternelle"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1947 : "Les jeux sont faits"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1948 : "Bagarres" – "Tête blonde"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1949 : "Les Eaux troubles"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1950 : "Blonde"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1950 : "Justice est faite"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1952 : "Nous sommes tous des assassins"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1952 : "Trois femmes"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1953 : "La Vie d'un honnête homme"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1953 : "Boum sur Paris"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1954 : "Il Letto"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1955 : "Tout chante autour de moi"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1957 : "Jusqu'au dernier"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1958 : "" – "Llegaron dos hombres" – "58.2/B"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1961 : "La Planque"

paragraph: Section::::Songs.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rue de Lappe

paragraph: BULLET::::- Comme un p'tit coquelicot

paragraph: BULLET::::- Un jour tu verras

paragraph: BULLET::::- Le Déserteur

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jouez mariachis

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le chanson de Tessa"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Les Rues De Paris

alias:
Marcel André Mouloudji
Mouloudji

description: French recording artist; singer and actor

wikidata_label: Marcel Mouloudji

wikipedia_title: Marcel Mouloudji


text:
Kierdeja coat of arms
Polish–Lithuanian
szlachcic
Sejm
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
marshal of the Sejm
offices
podczaszy
podkomorzy
Master of the Hunt of the Crown
Order of Saint Stanislaus
Order of the White Eagle
Volhynia
Ignaczy Czaplic
podstoli
Kiev
Kiev Voivodeship
Antoni Lubomirski
Czartoryski family
podczaszy
Crown Tribunal
Sejm
Repnin Sejm
marshal of the Sejm
Czaplic's Sejm
podkomorzy
Łuck
Volhynia Voivodeship
Order of Saint Stanislaus
Radom Confederation
Bar Confederation
Master of the Hunt of the Crown
Permanent Council
Deputy Chancellor of the Crown
Great Sejm
Thursday Dinners
Stanisław August Poniatowski
Order of the White Eagle
Franciszek Bohomolec
sarcasm
proverb
violin
festive song
Tekla
Kurdesz nad Kurdeszami
Genealogy
Article about Celestyn Czaplic

categories: 1723 births,Polish nobility,1804 deaths,Members of the Great Sejm,Ruthenian nobility of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth,Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus

paragraph: Celestyn Czaplic

paragraph: Celestyn Czaplic (1723–1804) of the Kierdeja coat of arms was a Polish–Lithuanian szlachcic, politician, writer and a poet. Remembered for his humorous poetry and impeccable moral character, he was a deputy to numerous Sejms of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, and a marshal of the Sejm of 1766. He held the offices of podczaszy, podkomorzy, and finally, from 1773, of the Master of the Hunt of the Crown. He was the recipient of the Order of Saint Stanislaus and the Order of the White Eagle.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was born on 6 April 1723 in Volhynia to the noble Czaplic family. His father Ignaczy Czaplic, was a podstoli of Kiev in the Kiev Voivodeship. He attended schools in Volhynia, and spent time at the court of the magnate and prince Antoni Lubomirski. Later, he became an ally of the Czartoryski family.

paragraph: He became the podczaszy of Kiev in 1746. He was elected a deputy to the Crown Tribunal and the Sejms of 1752, 1754, 1758, 1766 and 1767–68 (the infamous Repnin Sejm). The 1766 Sejm, lasting from October 6 to November 29, was the one where he held the position of the marshal of the Sejm, and thus it was also known as the "Czaplic's Sejm". He became the podkomorzy of Łuck in the Volhynia Voivodeship in 1765; he was known there, as he served as a local judge for some time prior to receiving his new title and office. He received the Order of Saint Stanislaus in 1766 (soon after received much praise for his marshal-ship of the 1766 Sejm).

paragraph: In 1767 he joined the Radom Confederation. His participation in the Sejm of 1767–68, which bowed to the Russian demands, earned him condemnation from the opposition, particularly from the supporters of the Bar Confederation; despite that, he was still a popular figure, and highly considered by the king. In 1773 he received the office and title of Master of the Hunt of the Crown (łowczy koronny), which he held to 1783. Between 1778–80 he was a member of the Permanent Council. He unsuccessfully campaigned for the position of the Deputy Chancellor of the Crown. During the Great Sejm of 1788–1792 he served as a member of the Military Commission.

paragraph: He also participated in the "Thursday Dinners" organized by king Stanisław August Poniatowski.

paragraph: He was a knight of the Order of the White Eagle from 1775.

paragraph: Friend of the dramatist Franciszek Bohomolec, he has been described as "open and friendly", "extremely jolly and witty", also well versed in sarcasm. He was interested in sciences, and had a sizable library. He was also famous among his contemporaries for his absent-mindedness, but also for his righteousness and impeccable moral character; it is said then when contemporaries at the royal court in Warsaw were considering questions of morality, they would ask themselves "What would Czaplic think of that?" This became a mildly popular proverb in Poland around the time of his life.

paragraph: As a writer and poet he has authored fairy tales, idyls, and similar forms of light poetry, some of it published anonymously. He was known to improvise humorous poems and songs on the fly, which he would often perform himself, accompanying himself on a violin. He might have been the author of a popular festive song, "Kurdesz nad kurdeszami", however his authorship of it is not certain.

paragraph: He married Anna Drzewicka, and they had two daughters, Tekla and Teresa. He died on May 23, 1804 in Warsaw, where he spent the last decade of his life.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kurdesz nad Kurdeszami song

paragraph: BULLET::::- Genealogy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article about Celestyn Czaplic

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- T. Mikulski: „Kurdesz nad kurdeszami!" Zagadnienie tekstu i autorstwa. „Pamiętnik Literacki" 1959

description: Polish noble

wikidata_label: Celestyn Czaplic

wikipedia_title: Celestyn Czaplic


text: Irish

text: Tudor era

text: O'Donnell dynasty

text: Tyrconnell

text: Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone

text: government in Ireland

text: Nine Years' War

text: Siege of Kinsale

text: Spain

text: Philip III

text: Rory O'Donnell

text: County Donegal

text: Tudor conquest of Ireland

text: Sir Hugh O'Donnell

text: Ineen Dubh

text: Donnell

text: Rory

text: Cathbarr

text: Crown

text: Shane O'Neill

text: Turlough Luineach O'Neill

text: Tyrone

text: Royal Irish Army

text: John Connill

text: Redshank

text: Scotland

text: Battle of Doire Leathan

text: Hugh Dubh O'Donnell

text: Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone

text: John Perrot

text: Lord Deputy of Ireland

text: O'Donnell

text: O'Neill

text: Rathmullan

text: wine

text: Dublin Castle

text: Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone

text: Wicklow Mountains

text: Lord Deputy

text: William FitzWilliam

text: Fiach McHugh O'Byrne

text: Glenmalure

text: frostbite

text: Conavalla

text: Ulster

text: O'Donnell Clan

text: Tyrconnell

text: Turlough Luineach O'Neill

text: Philip II of Spain

text: Connacht

text: Sligo

text: Leitrim

text: MacWilliam Lordship

text: County Mayo

text: Tibbot MacWalter Kittagh Bourke

text: Hugh O'Neill

text: Henry Bagenal

text: Battle of Clontibret

text: Battle of the Yellow Ford

text: Blackwater River

text: Tyrone

text: Armagh

text: Connacht

text: Athenry

text: County Galway

text: Galway

text: battle of Curlew Pass

text: Niall Garve O'Donnell

text: O'Donnell chieftainship

text: Derry

text: Lifford

text: Battle of Lifford

text: Siege of Donegal

text: Kinsale

text: Juan del Águila

text: Kinsale

text: In Hoc Signo Vinces

text: Kinsale

text: True Cross

text: Holy rood

text: Holy Cross Abbey

text: Ardfert

text: County Kerry

text: Lord of Kerry

text: Ardfert

text: Battle of Kinsale

text: Charles Blount

text: Corunna

text: Galicia

text: Tower of Betanzos

text: Valladolid

text: Philip III of Spain

text: Simancas

text: Archbishop of Tuam

text: Fláithrí Ó Maol Chonaire

text: friars

text: Donegal

text: Father Muiris mac Donnchadh Ulltach

text: Father Muiris mac Seaán Ulltach

text: James "Spanish" Blake

text: Franciscan

text: monastery

text: Valladolid

text: Thomas McGreevy

text: Rory O'Donnell

text: 1st Earl of Tyrconnell

text: English Crown

text: Tír Chonaill

text: Nuala O'Donnell

text: Niall Garve O'Donnell

text: Irish language

text: Catholic

text: Annals of the Four Masters

text: Lughaidh Ó Cléirigh

text: O'Donnell Abu

text: romantic nationalism

text: Riverdance

text: Bill Whelan

text: Aodh Ruadh CLG

text: Ballyshannon

text: County Donegal

text: Walt Disney

text: The Fighting Prince of Donegal

text: James Clarence Mangan

text: Brian Friel

text: Making History

text: Maurice Walsh

text: O'Donnell Abú

text: O'Donnell

text: Irish kings

text: Tyrconnell

text: Kings of Tir Connaill

text: Early Modern Ireland 1536-1691

text: Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone

text: Curlew Pass

text: C. P. Meehan

text: The Hugh O'Donnell Guild

text: Aodh Rua Ó Domhnaill Genealogy

categories: People from Lifford,People of Elizabethan Ireland,1572 births,O'Donnell dynasty,17th-century Roman Catholics,1602 deaths,Irish people of Scottish descent,Kings of Tír Chonaill,Irish Roman Catholics,16th-century Irish people,16th-century Roman Catholics,17th-century Irish people

paragraph: Hugh Roe O'Donnell

paragraph: Hugh Roe O'Donnell (Irish: "Aodh Ruadh Ó Domhnaill"), also known as Red Hugh O'Donnell (30 October 1572 – 10 September 1602), was an Irish nobleman of the Tudor era. A member of the O'Donnell dynasty, he emerged after a succession dispute as ruler of Tyrconnell. Along with his father-in-law Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone he led a rebellion against the government in Ireland from 1593 and fought the Nine Years' War from 1595 to 1602. After defeat during the Siege of Kinsale, he travelled to Spain to seek support from Philip III. Unsuccessful in this attempt, he died in Spain and was succeeded by his younger brother Rory O'Donnell. He is sometimes also known as "Aodh Ruadh II" or "Red Hugh II", especially within County Donegal.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life, imprisonment, and escape.

paragraph: "For the political context of O'Donnell's life see the Tudor conquest of Ireland"

paragraph: Hugh Roe O'Donnell was born to the Gaelic Lord of Tyrconnell, Sir Hugh O'Donnell, and his second wife, Ineen Dubh, in 1572. He had numerous brothers and sisters including Donnell, Rory and Cathbarr. Sir Hugh was a long-standing ally of the Crown, in an attempt to counterbalance the power of Shane O'Neill and Turlough Luineach O'Neill the rulers of neighboring Tyrone. In Sir Hugh's later years, a long-running succession dispute broke out to determine who would succeed him. Although Ineen Dubh pushed the case for Hugh Roe to succeed, it was his elder half-brother Donnell who emerged as the leading candidate. The Crown chose to support Donnell as it regarded him as the rightful and most stable potential ruler, partly due to the fact that Donnell's mother was a local Irish woman while Hugh Roe's was from Scotland.

paragraph: Donnell was strengthened by the arrival of a small detachment of Royal Irish Army troops dispatched from Dublin under John Connill. Ineen Dubh countered this by hiring large numbers of Redshank mercenaries from her native Scotland who defeated and killed Donnell at the Battle of Doire Leathan in 1590, by which time Hugh Roe was a prisoner in Dublin. There were a number of other claimants to the O'Donnell title including Hugh Roe's great uncle Hugh Dubh O'Donnell.

paragraph: In 1587, at the age of fifteen, he was either married or betrothed to Rose O'Neill, the daughter of Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone. This cemented a growing alliance between the two men. The same year he was seized by Sir John Perrot, then the English Lord Deputy of Ireland, in an attempt to prevent an alliance between the O'Donnell and O'Neill clans. At Rathmullan O'Donnell was invited aboard a ship from Dublin to drink wine, but was then carried away as part of a pre-planned operation. Subsequently imprisoned in Dublin Castle O'Donnell escaped briefly in 1591 but was recaptured within days.

paragraph: Hugh O'Donnell made his successful escape only in January 1592, assisted by his allies brothers Art and Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone, who arranged for his flight from Dublin into the Wicklow Mountains in the depths of winter. It is likely that corruption played a part in his escape, and he was assisted by the Lord Deputy William FitzWilliam. O'Donnell successfully reached the stronghold of Fiach McHugh O'Byrne (another of O'Neill's allies) at Glenmalure, where he found refuge, but he had lost both big toes to frostbite and his companion and fellow escapee Art O'Neill had died of exposure in the mountains on the slopes of Conavalla. Hugh O'Donnell and his two companions, the brothers Art and Henry (Hugh) O'Neill, were the only prisoners ever to successfully escape captivity in Dublin Castle.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:The Nine Years War.

paragraph: Upon his return to Ulster, he gained the leadership of the O'Donnell Clan becoming "The O'Donnell", Lord of Tyrconnell after his father abdicated in his favour later that year. Having driven the crown sheriff out of Tyrconnell, he successfully led two expeditions against Turlough Luineach O'Neill in 1593, to force Turlough O'Neill to abdicate his chieftainship in favour of Hugh O'Neill. At this point, O'Neill did not join O'Donnell in open rebellion, but secretly backed him to enhance his bargaining power with the English. O'Neill by now was also communicating with Philip II of Spain for military aid.

paragraph: Declaring open rebellion against the English the following year, O'Donnell's forces captured Connacht from Sligo to Leitrim by 1595, and O'Donnell personally re-instated the MacWilliam Lordship in County Mayo, proclaiming his ally Tibbot MacWalter Kittagh Bourke as chief. In this year, Hugh O'Neill, Earl of Tyrone, abandoned negotiation with the English and in 1596 the combined forces of O'Donnell and O'Neill defeated an English army under Sir Henry Bagenal at the Battle of Clontibret.

paragraph: Their greatest victory came two years later however at Battle of the Yellow Ford on the Blackwater River near the southern border of Tyrone in August 1598. At this battle, the Irish annihilated an English force marching to relieve Armagh and they seemed on the verge of expelling the English from Ireland altogether.

paragraph: O'Neill then went south to secure the allegiance of Irish lords in Munster, without much success. O'Donnell raided Connacht, destroying the town of Athenry, laying waste to much of County Galway, and on being refused entry to Galway, burned its suburbs:

paragraph: "... he sent forth swift-moving marauding parties through the district of Caladh, and the upper part of the territory; and they carried off many herds of cows and other preys to O'Donnell, to the town of Athenry; and though the warders of the town attempted to defend it, the effort was of no avail to them, for O'Donnell's people applied fires and flames to the strongly-closed gates of the town, and carried to them great ladders, and, placing them against the walls, they recte, some of them ascended to the parapets of the wall. They then leaped from the parapets, and gained the streets of the town, and opened the gates for those who were outside. They all then proceeded to demolish the storehouses and the strong habitations; and they carried away all the goods and valuables that were in them. They remained that night in the town. It was not easy to enumerate or reckon the quantities of copper, iron, clothes, and habiliments, which they carried away from the town on the following day. From the same town he sent forth marauding parties to plunder Clanrickard, on both sides of the river; and these marauders totally plundered and ravaged the tract of country from Leathrath to Magh-Seanchomhladh. The remaining part of his army burned and ravaged the territory, from the town of Athenry and Rath-Goirrgin Westwards to Rinn-Mil and Meadhraige, and to the gates of Galway, and burned Teagh-Brighde, at the military gate of Galway".

paragraph: As a result of these and other assaults, O'Donnell was unable to persuade the local lords to join him.

paragraph: However, in the next two years, O'Donnell and O'Neill were hard pressed with the deployment of thousands more English troops in the country. O'Donnell repulsed an English expedition towards western Ulster at the battle of Curlew Pass in 1599, but his and O'Neill's position was increasingly defensive. Even worse for O'Donnell than English offensives was the defection of his kinsman {cousin and Brother-in-law}, Niall Garve O'Donnell to the English side, in return for their backing his own claim the O'Donnell chieftainship. Niall Garve's brothers and hundreds of followers also joined him in supporting the Crown. Hugh Roe was so outraged by this, that he killed Niall Garve's infant son (and his own nephew) by beating him to death. Niall Garve's support allowed the English to land a seaborne force at Derry in the heart of O'Donnell's territory and win the O'Donnell stronghold of Lifford in the Battle of Lifford. O'Donnell led an unsuccessful Siege of Donegal, the garrison of which was commanded by Niall Garve.

paragraph: They recognised that their only chance of winning the war outright was with the aid of a Spanish invasion. The Spanish finally landed at Kinsale – at virtually the opposite end of Ireland from the Ulster rebels in September 1601. O'Donnell Led his army in a hard march during the winter of 1601, often covering over 40 miles a day, to join O'Neill and the Spanish General Juan del Águila at Kinsale arriving in early December 1601.

paragraph: En route, true to his family arms and Constantinian motto In Hoc Signo Vinces and in anticipation of the battle to come at Kinsale, he visited and venerated a supposed relic of the True Cross (Holy rood) on the Feast of St. Andrew, on 30 November 1601 at Holy Cross Abbey, and removed a portion of it. From there he sent an expedition to Ardfert in County Kerry, to win a quick victory and successfully recover the territory of his ally, Fitzmaurice, Lord of Kerry, who had lost it and his 9-year-old son, to Sir Charles Wilmot. He left some of his O'Donnell kinsmen behind in Ardfert to guard the Barony of Clanmaurice, notably his first cousin and nephew, Domhnall Oge, son of his half-brother, Sir Domhnall O'Donnell, and who appears in the FitzMaurice pardon of 16 July 1604.

paragraph: During the Battle of Kinsale on 5/6 January 1602 the combined forces of Del Águila, O'Neill and O'Donnell were defeated by Sir Charles Blount, Lord Mountjoy. As the rebel armies retreated from Kinsale, O'Donnell announced his plan to travel to Spain to seek further support from the Spanish crown. This demoralised his supporters despite his pledge he would return with twenty thousand Spanish soldiers by the next Spring.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Flight to Spain and death.

paragraph: After the Irish defeat at Kinsale, O'Donnell left Ireland and sailed to Corunna in Galicia, Spain, where many other chieftains were already arriving with their families. There he was received with great honours by the Governor of Galicia and the Lord Archbishop of Santiago de Compostela, where an Irish College was founded. He was also taken to "visit the Tower of Betanzos, where according to bardic legends the sons of Milesius left to the IsIe of Destiny".

paragraph: While based in Corunna, he plotted a return to Ireland and travelled to Valladolid to ask further assistance from Philip III of Spain, who promised him he would organise a new invasion of Ireland. As a year passed and O'Donnell did not receive any news from Philip III of Spain, he left again for Valladolid but he died en route and was buried at Simancas Castle in 1602. He was attended on his death-bed by Archbishop of Tuam Fláithrí Ó Maol Chonaire and two friars from Donegal named Father Muiris mac Donnchadh Ulltach and Father Muiris mac Seaán Ulltach.

paragraph: The Anglo-Irish double-agent, James "Spanish" Blake, is alleged to have poisoned O'Donnell. The Calendar of the Carew Manuscripts, preserved in the Archepiscopal Library at Lambeth, 1601–1603, was copied and published in 1870 by Longmans, Green & Co. in London detailing the official preserved letters from Sir George Carew, President of Munster during part of the Nine Years' War, to Charles Blount, Lord Mountjoy, who was nominated as Lord Lieutenant over Ireland by Queen Elizabeth I. Some of these letters were written in cipher, but the key to the cipher was to use a substitute letter six spaces earlier in the alphabet. In the letter from Carew to Mountjoy dated 28 May 1602, Carew reported to Mountjoy "One "James Blake"...took a solemn oath to do service...and is gone into "Spain" with a determination (bound with many oaths) to "kill O'Donnell"", and then another letter, written partially in cipher, was sent from Carew to Mountjoy dated 9 October 1602, "O'Donnell is dead... he is "poisoned" by "James Blake", of whom your lordship hath been formerly acquainted...". With his death Spanish plans to send further assistance to the Irish were abandoned.

paragraph: It is, however, unlikely that he was poisoned. A more probable cause of death was the tapeworm that Simancas documents of the time stated to be the cause of his demise. It should be said that early modern spies often made improbable claims for their actions, and in this case, as in many others, it seems more likely that Carrew exaggerated his actions. O'Donnell's Last Will and Testament, written in his dying moments with his loyal retinue, is an extremely evocative and moving document. One original is preserved in Simancas and the other in the Chancellery archive in Valladolid.

paragraph: He was buried in the chapter of the Franciscan monastery in Valladolid. The building was demolished in the nineteenth century, and the exact location of the tomb is unknown. Thomas McGreevy's poem "Aodh Ruadh Ó Domhnaill" describes a search for his grave:

paragraph: McGreevy describes how, when

paragraph: "And all Valladolid knew" br

paragraph: "And out to Simancas all knew" br

paragraph: "Where they buried Red Hugh."

paragraph: Aodh was succeeded as chief of the Clan O'Donnell by his brother, Rory O'Donnell, created the 1st Earl of Tyrconnell the following year by the English Crown. Rory succeeded Red Hugh as both King of Tír Chonaill and leader of the Red Hugh O'Donnell faction within the divided dynasty. His sister Nuala O'Donnell was married to his kinsman and rival Niall Garve O'Donnell

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: He was highly praised in the Irish language writings of the early seventeenth century for his nobility and religious commitment to the Catholic faith – notably in the Annals of the Four Masters and "Beatha Aodh Ruadh Ó Domhnaill" ("The Life of Red Hugh O'Donnell") by Lughaidh Ó Cléirigh. Although his posthumous reputation has been somewhat overshadowed by that of his ally Hugh O'Neill, his leadership and military capabilities were considerable, especially considering that he was active at a very young age and only 29 years old at the Battle of Kinsale. His personality seems to have been particularly magnetic, and contemporary sources are united in their praise of his oratorical ability.

paragraph: In 1843, Michael Joseph MacCann wrote the song "O'Donnell Abu" in tribute, drawing on the tradition of romantic nationalism which was popular during the era.

paragraph: In 1977, the Aodh Ruadh O Domhnaill Guild was formed to seek his recognition as a saint of the Catholic Church.

paragraph: In 1991, a plaque was erected at Simancas Castle in commemoration of Red Hugh O'Donnell.

paragraph: In 1992, commemorating the 390th anniversary of the arrival of O'Donnell in Galicia, the Grammy-award-winning composer of Riverdance, Bill Whelan, brought together musicians from Ireland and Galicia and released the symphony "From Kinsale to Corunna".

paragraph: In September 2002, Eunan O'Donnell, BL, gave the Simancas Castle Address in honour of Red Hugh, during the O'Donnell Clan Gathering to Spain.

paragraph: Aodh Ruadh CLG in Ballyshannon, County Donegal are named after Red Hugh O'Donnell.

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hugh O'Donnell serves as the main character in the 1966 Walt Disney feature film, "The Fighting Prince of Donegal".

paragraph: BULLET::::- He is the subject of James Clarence Mangan's poem, "Ceann Salla".

paragraph: BULLET::::- He is a major character in Brian Friel's 1989 play "Making History".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hugh O'Donnell plays a significant role in Maurice Walsh's book "Blackcock's Feather".

paragraph: BULLET::::- He is mentioned in the 19th century song "O'Donnell Abú".

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- O'Donnell

paragraph: BULLET::::- Irish kings

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tyrconnell

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kings of Tir Connaill

paragraph: BULLET::::- Early Modern Ireland 1536-1691

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hugh O'Neill, 2nd Earl of Tyrone

paragraph: BULLET::::- Curlew Pass

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ekin, Des. "The Last Armada: Siege of 100 Days: Kinsale 1601". O'Brien Press, 2014.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (audio book)

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Simancas Castle Address',Adhamhnan O Domhnaill, Journal of Donegal Historical Society, p. 94–96

paragraph: BULLET::::- 'Niall Garbh O'Donnell – A man more sinned against than sinning', Eunan O'Donnell, BL, Journal of the Donegal Historical Society, 2000 & 1941.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Life of Hugh Roe O'Donnell, Prince of Tyrconnell (Beatha Aodh Ruadh O Domhnaill)" by Lughaidh O'Cleirigh. Edited by Paul Walsh and Colm Ó Lochlainn. Irish Texts Society, vol. 42. Dublin: Educational Company of Ireland, 1948 (original Gaelic manuscript in the Royal Irish Academy in Dublin).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Red Hugh: Prince of Donegal", by Robert T. Reilly, Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1957.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "O'Donel of Destiny", by Mary Kiely, Oxford, New York, 1939 (a narrative history for older children).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Annals of the Kingdom of Ireland (Annála Ríoghachta Éireann) by the Four Masters", from the earliest period to the year 1616, compiled during the period 1632–1636 by Brother Michael O’Clery, translated and edited by John O'Donovan in 1856, and re-published in 1998 by De Burca, Dublin.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A View of the Legal Institutions, Honorary Hereditary Offices, and Feudal Baronies established in Ireland", by William Lynch, Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries, published by Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, Paternoster Row, London, 1830 (O’Donnell: page 190, remainder to Earl’s patent).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vicissitudes of Families", by Sir Bernard Burke, Ulster King of Arms, published by Longman, Green, Longman and Roberts, Paternoster Row, London, 1861. (Chapter on O’Donnells, pages 125–148).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Fate and Fortunes of the Earls of Tyrone (Hugh O’Neill) and Tyrconnel (Rory O’Donel), their flight from Ireland and death in exile", by the Rev. C. P. Meehan, M.R.I.A., 2nd edition, James Duffy, London, 1870.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Elizabeth's Irish Wars", by Cyril Falls, London, 1950.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Erin's Blood Royal – The Gaelic Noble Dynasties of Ireland", by Peter Berresford Ellis, Constable, London, 1999, (pages 251–258 on the O'Donel, Prince of Tirconnell).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Red Hugh: The Story of Hugh Roe O'Donnell" by Shirley D. Starke, The Aodh Ruadh O Domhnaill Guild, 1985.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Red Hugh" by Deborah Lisson, Bunbury Western Australia, 1998, Published by Lothian Books.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Life of Aodh Ruadh Ó Domhnaill, transcribed from the Book of Lughaidh Ó Clérigh

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Hugh O'Donnell Guild

paragraph: BULLET::::- The O'Donnell Coat of Arms and Family History

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aodh Rua Ó Domhnaill Genealogy

alias:
Aodh Ruadh Ó Domhnaill
Red Hugh O'Donnell
An Ó Domhnaill
Hugh O'Donnell
Aodh Ruadh O Domhnaill
An O Domhnaill

description: King of Dun na nGall

wikidata_label: Hugh Roe O'Donnell

wikipedia_title: Hugh Roe O'Donnell


text:
saint
cenobitic monasticism
St. David
hermit
monk
Freynestown
Johnswell
Kingdom of Ossory
Irish
List of monastic houses in Ireland
Irish language
anglicised
Tiscoffin
Civil parishes in Ireland
Kilkenny
Barony
Castlewarren
Diocese of Ossory
William Forbes Skene
Black Book of Carmarthen
Myrddin Wyllt
William Jenkins Rees
Brendan
St. Finbar
St. Gobban
Old Leighlin
St. Laserian's Cathedral, Old Leighlin
County Carlow
St. Goban
ecclesiastical
Celtic Christianity
Bibliothèque Royale

paragraph: Scuithin

paragraph: St. Scuithin ("fl." 6th/7th century) also known as Scolan, Scothin or Scuitin was a medieval Irish saint with strong Welsh connections.

paragraph: Sometime in the 6th century Scuthin left Ireland to pursue a life of cenobitic monasticism at "Tyddewi" in Wales founded by St. David, whom at a later date he is reported to have saved from poisoning.

paragraph: According to the "Irish Ecclesiastical Record" St. Scuithin, having attained advanced ascetic virtues, returned to Ireland c. 540 to live the life of a hermit monk, building himself an austere and isolated cell.

paragraph: This cell was located at Freynestown, on the Johnswell hills in the ancient barony of Slieve Margy, Kingdom of Ossory. This habitat would become known in Irish as "tigh scuithin" and evolve into Tiscoffin monastery as noted in the List of monastic houses in Ireland.

paragraph: In the Irish language "tigh scuithin" means the house/abode of Scuithin. This has been anglicised as Tiscoffin and preserved as one of the Civil parishes in Ireland within the Kilkenny Barony of Gowran. The county Kilkenny town of Castlewarren in the Diocese of Ossory also preserves his name with the church of St. Scuithin. The townland of Freynestown is closely associated with St. Scuithin.

paragraph: Section::::St. Scuithin of Bed-Yscolan.

paragraph: There exists an apparently significant historical reference to St. Scuithin in the ancient annals of Wales. William Forbes Skene, in the "Four Ancient Books of Wales", (Edinburgh, 1868) while reviewing poems in the "Black Book of Carmarthen" makes reference to this saint. There is a poem in which St. Scuithin, described as Yscolan, is confronted by the figure of Myrddin Wyllt. A portion of the poem reads:

paragraph: poemBlack thy horse, black thy cope, black thy head, black thyself, Yes, black art thou, Yscolan.

paragraph: I am Yscolan the scholar, slight is my clouded reason, there is no drowning the woe of him who offends a sovereign.../poem

paragraph: Skene further states that the same name occurs in the lives of St. David, when he is said to have met an Irish ecclesiastic called Scuthyn, at a place later called Bed-y-Scolan.

paragraph: William Jenkins Rees in his "Lives of the Cambro-British Saints", states:

paragraph: St. Scothin had also another name, that is Scolan and on a certain Easter Day and on the spot where he conversed with St. David, an oratory was erected which in after times was called Bed-y-Scolan, i.e., St. Scuithin's cell.

paragraph: "Asceticism of St. Scuithin"

paragraph: It is recorded that St. Scuithin led a life of austere self-discipline and on being quizzed by his contemporary - St. Brendan, how he was preserved from temptation, he responded that whenever he slept, two heavenly virgins, i.e., divine hope and charity, kept watch by his side to protect him from evil attack. He was so spiritualized by his constant penance, and so unconcerned with worldly attractions, that he is said to have been able to walk on water.

paragraph: Legend states that once while performing this act on the waters between Ireland and Wales he met St. Finbar in his boat. St. Scuithin grasped a variegated flower - a scuitliin from the water and threw it to St. Finbarr saying: “See how, by the mercy of God, it is in a flowery meadow that we are journeying." To which St. Finbarr replied: “This is not a flowery meadow, but the sea;" and plunging his hand into the water, he caught a salmon which he tossed to St. Scuithin, saying: "See how richly it is supplied by God to minister to our wants."

paragraph: The note in the Felire of St. Oengus adds, that it was on account of that variegated flower that our Saint received his name of Scuithin.

paragraph: Section::::St. Scuithin of Slieve Margy and St. Gobban of Old Leighlin.

paragraph: The ancient habitat and personae of St. Scuithin is often confused with that of St. Gobban of Old Leighlin which is some seven kilometres distant. St. Gobban founded his monastery in the early 7th century: it would later evolve into St. Laserian's Cathedral, Old Leighlin, County Carlow. Confusion exists regarding the various holy men named St. Goban.

paragraph: The close proximity of these two ancient ecclesiastical sites, plus the passage of time, distortion of language and dialect has entwined and confused the true identities of these saints]] of early Celtic Christianity. St. Scuithin and St. Goban were two distinct historical persons.

paragraph: St. Scuithin in the Annals

paragraph: Described in the "History and Antiquities of the Diocese of Ossory." as:

paragraph: He is also entered January 2, in "The Martyrology of Donegal" as:

paragraph: Two ancient manuscripts in the Bibliothèque Royale, Brussels preserve St. Scuithin's memory in poetry:

description: Irish saint

wikidata_label: Scuithin

wikipedia_title: Scuithin


text: MM

text: stretcher bearer

text: First World War

text: 8th Field Ambulance

text: Military Medal

text: Western Front

text: shark

text: Glebe, New South Wales

text: Western Front

text: Neutral Bay

text: 8th Field Ambulance

text: 8th Infantry Brigade

text: Australian Imperial Force

text: HMAT Ascanius

text: the Somme

text: Polygon Wood

text: Messines

text: Villers-Bretonneux

text: Mont Saint-Quentin

text: Military Medal

text: 1914–15 Star

text: British War Medal

text: Victory Medal

text: State Library of New South Wales

text: Balmoral Beach

text: Dobroyd Point

text: State Library of New South Wales

text: catalogue record

text: Transcription of war diary

text: Australian War Memorial

text: record

text: AWM Award

categories: Australian military personnel of World War I,Australian Anglicans,Australian soldiers,People declared dead in absentia,People who died at sea,1928 deaths,1890 births

paragraph: Langford Wellman Colley-Priest

paragraph: Langford Wellman Colley-Priest MM (September 1890 – 11/12 February 1928) was an Australian stretcher bearer during the First World War for the 8th Field Ambulance. He was awarded the Military Medal for conspicuous gallantry on the Western Front in 1917. He survived the war but later drowned in 1928, and his body is believed to have been eaten by a shark.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Colley-Priest was born in Glebe, New South Wales, in September 1890 to George and Rose Colley-Priest. Prior to his embarkation for Egypt and deployment on the Western Front he resided with his parents in Neutral Bay and worked as a warehouseman. Colley-Priest was an Anglican.

paragraph: Section::::Service.

paragraph: Colley-Priest enlisted in the 8th Field Ambulance, part of the 8th Infantry Brigade of the Australian Imperial Force, on 19 May 1915 and embarked aboard the HMAT Ascanius on 9 November, bound for Egypt and the Western Front. While serving, he was deployed at the Somme, Racquinghem, Polygon Wood, Messines, Villers-Bretonneux and Mont Saint-Quentin. In 1917, Colley-Priest was awarded the Military Medal. The recommendation for the award noted that he displayed:

paragraph: Colley-Priest returned to Australian in 1919, was discharged on 3 August and awarded the 1914–15 Star, British War Medal and Victory Medal. for his war service. He later wrote the official history of his unit. Notable for its first-hand accounts of the front from the perspective of medical staff, he sold his war diary to the State Library of New South Wales in 1919 as part of their "European War Collecting Project".

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Colley-Priest went swimming on either 11 or 12 February 1928, at Balmoral Beach, Sydney and was reported as missing on 13 February. On 14 February, a search team comprising the Balmoral local police and the New South Wales Water police were unable to find any signs of Colley-Priest. After the police search, a man observed a floating body in the distance and alerted the police to its presence. However, as the police approached the body a "huge object heaved out of the sea, grabbed the body, and disappeared." Newspapers at the time suggested suicide and that the body had been eaten by a shark. On 27 February, an arm washed up on the beach near Dobroyd Point and was assumed to be Colley-Priest's. A suitcase with his clothes and a note stating "Colley-Priest gone mad" were found on Balmoral Wharf. Members of the Mosman and water police retrieved a portion of a shirt believed to have been worn by Colley-Priest.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- State Library of New South Wales – catalogue record

paragraph: BULLET::::- Transcription of war diary

paragraph: BULLET::::- Australian War Memorial – record

paragraph: BULLET::::- AWM Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- Return to Gallipoli: walking the battlefields of the Great War

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mosman-Neutral Bay Rifle Club Roll of Honour

description: Australian stretcher bearer

wikidata_label: Langford Wellman Colley-Priest

wikipedia_title: Langford Wellman Colley-Priest


text: Avon Park, Florida

text: Mountain Brook, Alabama

text: Sebring, Florida

text: Chemical Warfare Service

text: United States Army

text: Alabama

text: Southern Research Institute

text: Bristol-Myers Squibb Award

text: Kettering Prize

categories: University of Alabama faculty,Physicians from Birmingham, Alabama,1915 births,2006 deaths,People from Sebring, Florida,American oncologists,People from Mountain Brook, Alabama

paragraph: Howard E. Skipper

paragraph: Howard Earle Skipper (born in Avon Park, Florida on November 21, 1915; died in Mountain Brook, Alabama on January 2, 2006) was a noted American oncologist. He grew up in Sebring, Florida and received his science degrees (BS, MS, PhD) from the University of Florida.

paragraph: During the war, he became interested in cancer research while working for what was then called the Chemical Warfare Service of the United States Army. By 1957, he had become a notable cancer researcher in Alabama and went on to serve as head of the Southern Research Institute.

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1974 Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research (shared)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1980 Bristol-Myers Squibb Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1982 Kettering Prize

description: American oncologist

wikidata_label: Howard E. Skipper

wikipedia_title: Howard E. Skipper


text: Legislative Council

text: Executive Council of Hong Kong

text: Chesham-Bois

text: Union Insurance Society of Canton

text: Hongkong Telephone Company

text: Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce

text: E. A. Hewett

text: First World War

text: Henry Pollock

text: Chinese General Chamber of Commerce

text: Wembley Exhibition

text: Hong Kong Club

text: Alice Memorial Hospital

text: Y.M.C.A.

text: Scout Association of Hong Kong

text: University of Hong Kong

text: Justice of Peace

text: Freemason

text: Duke of Connaught

text: Blue Funnel Line

text: Sarpedon

text: L. S. Amery

text: Secretary of State for the Colonies

text: Moseley

text: Archdeacon of Birmingham

text: C. E. Hopton

text: St. John's Cathedral

text: Cecil Clementi

categories: Hong Kong people of British descent,1874 births,Hong Kong philanthropists,Members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong,Chairmen of HSBC,People from Buckinghamshire,Freemasons of the United Grand Lodge of England,Members of the Executive Council of Hong Kong,1926 deaths,British businesspeople,Masonic Grand Masters,Hong Kong Roman Catholics,British expatriates in Hong Kong,Hong Kong entrepreneurs

paragraph: Percy Hobson Holyoak

paragraph: Percy Hobson Holyoak (1874 – 25 May 1926) was a British businessman in Hong Kong and member of the Legislative Council and Executive Council of Hong Kong.

paragraph: Section::::Background and business career.

paragraph: Percy Hobson Holyoak was the son of the Rev. T. H. Holyoak of Chesham-Bois, Buckinghamshire, England. He first arrived in Far East as a member of the Reiss & Co., a well-known Manchester trading firm in Hong Kong since 1864. He moved to Hong Kong in 1899 and was in charge of the Hong Kong office as a managing partner. He subsequently took over the firm with P. W. Massey when it suffered in the commercial slump in 1921 and 1922 and altered the name to Holyoak, Massey, & Co. with Holyoak as the senior partner.

paragraph: Holyoak also held positions in many leading public companies. Among others, he was the chairman of the board of directors of the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation for three times, chairman of the board of directors of the Hongkong, Canton, and Macao Steamboat Company, Ltd., chairman of the Union Insurance Society of Canton, and director of the Hongkong Telephone Company.

paragraph: Section::::Public services.

paragraph: Holyoak was the chairman of the Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce in from 1917 to 1918 and 1920 to 1921. He was nominated as unofficial member of the Legislative Council as a representative of the chamber on the death of E. A. Hewett in 1915 and later on was appointed to the Executive Council for various times. Despite being a large contributor to the raising funds during the First World War, in early 1917 Holyoak moved in the Legislative Council to exclude German merchants from the colony for ten years, mandated by the Chamber of Commerce. In 1919, he and Henry Pollock formed the Constitutional Reform Association of Hong Kong to demand London for a further representation in the colonial legislature.

paragraph: He also associated with the Chinese community in public work such as his chairmanship of the Joint Committee of the Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce and the Chinese General Chamber of Commerce which supervised the arrangements for the Hong Kong section of the Wembley Exhibition.

paragraph: Among other public offices he was chairman of the Hong Kong Club and Alice Memorial Hospital, vice-chairman of the Hong Kong Y.M.C.A., president of the Scout Association of Hong Kong, member of the Court of the University of Hong Kong and Justice of Peace from March 1909. He was also a Freemason and was appointed the District Grand Master of English Freemasonry in Hong Kong and South China by the Duke of Connaught.

paragraph: Section::::Death and family.

paragraph: Holyoak suffered from serious kidney illness for some years. On 7 April 1926, he left Hong Kong and went back to England with his wife and two daughters by the Blue Funnel Liner, "Sarpedon" when he was very ill. The purpose of the trip of mainly reporting to L. S. Amery, the Secretary of State for the Colonies on Chinese political and commercial issues. He died on 25 May in London shortly after his arrival. The funeral took place at Yardley Wood Church on Friday 28 May in Moseley, Birmingham where his wife's family was from. The funeral service was read by the Archdeacon of Birmingham Cannon C. E. Hopton. There was also a memorial services held at St. John's Cathedral on 31 May, attended by many leading figures in the colony including Governor Cecil Clementi.

paragraph: Holyoak married Neilie Gertude Cowper, daughter of the late William Cowper of Moseley. They had two daughters named Joyce and Dorothy.

description: British businessman

wikidata_label: Percy Hobson Holyoak

wikipedia_title: Percy Hobson Holyoak