categories: Architects from Vilnius,19th-century Lithuanian painters,1830 births,1906 deaths

paragraph: Kiprijonas Maculevičius

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Lithuanian painters

paragraph: Section::::References.

description: Lithuanian artist

wikidata_label: Kiprijonas Maculevičius

wikipedia_title: Kiprijonas Maculevičius


text:
List of Lithuanian singers
Умер певец Стасис Повилайтис
Stasys Povilaitis | Lrytas.lt

categories: People from Kaunas,2015 deaths,1947 births,Lithuanian male singers,20th-century male singers,20th-century Lithuanian singers,21st-century Lithuanian singers,21st-century male singers

paragraph: Stasys Povilaitis

paragraph: In 2010 he started his "TV" career on channel "TV3" which was called "Šeimų dainos" and he was chairman of the commission.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Lithuanian singers

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Умер певец Стасис Повилайтис // kurier.lt, 7-10-2015

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stasys Povilaitis | Lrytas.lt

paragraph: "This article was initially translated from the Lithuanian Wikipedia."

description: Lithuanian artist

wikidata_label: Stasys Povilaitis

wikipedia_title: Stasys Povilaitis


text:
Alma-Ata
Kazakh SSR
wrestler
1980 Summer Olympics
Greco-Roman wrestling

categories: Sportspeople from Almaty,Olympic gold medalists for the Soviet Union,Soviet male sport wrestlers,Kazakhstani male sport wrestlers,Wrestlers who committed suicide,1956 births,Wrestlers at the 1980 Summer Olympics,Suicides in the Soviet Union,Olympic wrestlers of the Soviet Union,Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics,Olympic medalists in wrestling,1989 deaths

paragraph: Shamil Serikov

paragraph: Shamil Serikov (5 March 1956 in Alma-Ata, Kazakh SSR – 22 November 1989) was a Soviet wrestler and Olympic Champion.

paragraph: He competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow where he won a gold medal in Greco-Roman wrestling, the "bantamweight" class.

description: Olympic wrestler

wikidata_label: Shamil Serikov

wikipedia_title: Shamil Serikov


text:
French
racing driver

categories: Living people,24 Hours of Le Mans drivers,1959 births,French racing drivers

paragraph: Jack Leconte

paragraph: Jack Leconte (born 19 November 1959) is a retired French racing driver.

description: French racing driver

wikidata_label: Jack Leconte

wikipedia_title: Jack Leconte


text: Neapolitan violinist

categories: Italian male classical composers,1777 deaths,18th-century classical composers,Italian classical composers,Classical-period composers,1718 births

paragraph: Emanuele Barbella

paragraph: Emanuele Barbella (1718-1777) was a Neapolitan composer and violinist.

description: Italian composer

wikidata_label: Emanuele Barbella

wikipedia_title: Emanuele Barbella


text:
Canadian
Montreal
Mi'kmaq
aboriginal
Montreal
Quebec
Kashtin
Innu
Native North America, Vol. 1
The Ballad of Crowfoot
National Film Board of Canada
Chicago International Film Festival
Incident at Restigouche
Listuguj Mi'gmaq First Nation
Oka, Quebec
New Democratic Party
Ottawa—Vanier
1993 federal election
Jean-Robert Gauthier
Ottawa

wikipedia_title:
Canadians
Montreal
Miꞌkmaq
Indigenous peoples in Canada
Montreal
Quebec
Kashtin
Innu (album)
Native North America, Vol. 1
Crowfoot
National Film Board of Canada
Chicago International Film Festival
Incident at Restigouche
Listuguj Miꞌgmaq First Nation
Oka, Quebec
New Democratic Party
Ottawa—Vanier
1993 Canadian federal election
Jean-Robert Gauthier
Ottawa

categories: First Nations filmmakers,1942 births,2013 deaths,Canadian folk guitarists,New Democratic Party candidates for the Canadian House of Commons,Film directors from Montreal,Singers from Montreal,20th-century Canadian guitarists,20th-century Canadian singers,First Nations musicians,Ontario candidates for Member of Parliament,Canadian folk singers,Canadian male guitarists,Canadian country singers,Mi'kmaq people,Canadian people of Scottish descent,Disease-related deaths in Ontario

paragraph: Willie Dunn

paragraph: William "Willie" Dunn (August 14, 1941 – August 5, 2013) was a Canadian singer-songwriter, film director and politician. Born in Montreal, he was of mixed Mi'kmaq and Scottish/Irish background. Dunn often highlighted aboriginal issues in his work.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.

paragraph: Born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, Dunn was a singer and acoustic guitarist. He released several full-length albums of recorded music including "Willie Dunn" (1971), "The Pacific" (1980) and "Metallic" (1999). "Metallic", reprises material from both earlier releases. Dunn also composed the song, "Son of the Sun", which Kashtin recorded on their second album "Innu." In 2004 Dunn released the album "Son of the Sun" with sixteen songs (including three live versions).

paragraph: His songs "I Pity the Country", "Son of the Sun" and "Peruvian Dream" are featured on the 2014 compilation album "Native North America, Vol. 1".

paragraph: Section::::Film.

paragraph: He wrote a song entitled "The Ballad of Crowfoot" and directed a ten-minute National Film Board of Canada (NFB) film of the same name in 1968. Both the song and video are about inhumane and unjust colonial treatment of aboriginal Canadians, as well as their taking charge of their destiny and becoming politically active. The first NFB film directed by an Aboriginal filmmaker, the film received several awards including a Gold Hugo for best short film at the 1969 Chicago International Film Festival. His other films include "The Eagle Project", "The Voice of the Land" and "Self-Government", and his music was used for the films "Incident at Restigouche", about a 1981 police raid on the Listuguj Mi'gmaq First Nation, and "Okanada", about the 1990 standoff in Oka, Quebec between police and native protesters.

paragraph: Section::::Politics.

paragraph: A longtime member of the New Democratic Party, Dunn defeated Mohamed Bassuny to win the party's federal nomination for Ottawa—Vanier in the 1993 federal election. He received 3,155 votes (6.50%), finishing fourth against Liberal incumbent Jean-Robert Gauthier. He participated in the Culturally Diverse First Peoples Arts Showcase tour in 1998, and the Nations in a Circle spotlight of 2002. He was inducted into the Aboriginal Walk of Honour in 2005. Dunn died in Ottawa on August 5, 2013, aged 71.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Willie Dunn's Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Watch "The Ballad of Crowfoot" at NFB.ca

description: Canadian politician, writer, filmmaker, and musician

wikidata_label: Willie Dunn

wikipedia_title: Willie Dunn


text: opera

text: soprano

text: Metropolitan Opera

text: Barmen

text: Germany

text: Brooklyn

text: Oscar Saenger

text: Metropolitan Opera

text: Karl Goldmark

text: Die Königin von Saba

text: tenor

text: Moravia

text: World War I

text: Edison Records

text: vaudeville

text: Edison Diamond Disc Phonographs

text: Carnegie Hall

text: Victor Records

text: short film

text: Universal Studios

text: Lee De Forest

text: Phonofilm

text: sound-on-film

text: Library of Congress

text: North Hollywood, California

text: Upstate New York

text: History Channel

text: American Pickers

text: Marie Rappold at Historic Opera

text: Link to Rappold singing "Smiles" (1919)

text: Charles Gounod

categories: 19th-century American opera singers,1957 deaths,Burials at Hollywood Forever Cemetery,American operatic sopranos,1873 births,German emigrants to the United States

paragraph: Marie Rappold

paragraph: Marie Rappold, née Winterrath (17 August 1872 – 12 May 1957) was a German-born American operatic soprano. She sang with the Metropolitan Opera from 1905 to 1920.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: She was born in Barmen, Germany on 17 August 1872.

paragraph: She appeared on stage in London at the age of five before moving with her parents to Brooklyn, New York, where she later studied with Oscar Saenger and sang with the Amberg German Opera Company.

paragraph: Section::::Opera and recording career.

paragraph: On 22 November 1905, Rappold made her debut at the Metropolitan Opera as Sulamith in Karl Goldmark's "Die Königin von Saba" ("The Queen of Sheba", 1875). She continued to appear at the Met until 1920, during which time, she gave a total of 198 performances in 23 roles and 22 operas. Her first husband, Dr. Julius Rappold, objected to her career, and she divorced him in 1907. In 1913, she married tenor Rudolf Berger (17 April 1874, Moravia – 27 February 1915, New York City).

paragraph: During World War I, Edison Records started a marketing campaign, hiring prominent opera singers and vaudeville performers to perform alongside and alternating with Edison records of their performances played on top-of-the-line Edison Diamond Disc Phonographs. At various stages during the performances, all lights in the theater would be darkened and the audience challenged to guess whether they were hearing a live performance or a recording. Written accounts of the time often said that much of the audience was astonished when the lights went back up to reveal only the Edison phonograph on stage. According to a book published by the Edison company titled "Composers and Artists whose Art is Re-Created by Edison's New Art" (ca. 1920), the first such "comparison test" took place at Carnegie Hall on April 28, 1916, with Rappold providing the live vocal performance.

paragraph: She recorded for Edison and Victor Records, and appeared in short films for Universal Studios. She also appeared in a short film made by Lee De Forest in his Phonofilm sound-on-film process in 1922, which is now in the Maurice Zouary film collection at the Library of Congress.

paragraph: In June 1925, Rappold played the female lead in the premiere of Frank Patterson's opera "The Echo" with tenor Forrest Lamont (1881–1937).

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: She died on 12 May 1957 at Victory Hospital in North Hollywood, California.

paragraph: On October 11, 2010, Rappold's former home in Upstate New York was featured on History Channel's series "American Pickers".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marie Rappold at Historic Opera

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marie Rappold at Library of Congress website (with photo) with links to historic recordings

paragraph: BULLET::::- SilentEra entry for 1922 short film Rappold made in Phonofilm

paragraph: BULLET::::- Link to Rappold singing "Smiles" (1919)

paragraph: BULLET::::- photo of Rappold visiting Universal Studios (c. 1920) from PictureHistory website

paragraph: BULLET::::- , ("Repentir") by Charles Gounod, recorded in April 1920 on Edison Royal Purple Cylinder

description: American operatic soprano

wikidata_label: Marie Rappold

wikipedia_title: Marie Rappold


text: Feuerthalen

text: Vaux-sur-Morges

text: Swiss

text: composer

text: opera

text: Romeo und Julia

text: Akademie der Tonkunst

text: Munich

text: Carl Orff

text: Die schwarze Spinne

text: Romeo und Julia

text: Karl Böhm

text: Zurich

text: Flaubert

text: novel

text: Anneliese Rothenberger

text: Eugène Ionesco

text: Exit the King

text: Bavarian State Opera

text: Hans Martin Sutermeister

text: Otto Sutermeister

categories: 1995 deaths,20th-century classical composers,Swiss male classical composers,Swiss opera composers,People from Feuerthalen,1910 births,Swiss classical composers,Male opera composers

paragraph: Heinrich Sutermeister

paragraph: Heinrich Sutermeister (12 August 1910, Feuerthalen – 16 March 1995, Vaux-sur-Morges) was a Swiss composer, most famous for his opera "Romeo und Julia".

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: During the early 1930s he was a student at the Akademie der Tonkunst in Munich where Carl Orff was his teacher and Orff remained a powerful influence on his music. Returning to Switzerland in the mid-1930s, he devoted his life to composition. He wrote some works for the radio, starting with "Die schwarze Spinne" in 1936, before turning later to television opera. His most successful stage work was "Romeo und Julia", premiered in Dresden in 1940 under Karl Böhm.

paragraph: Sutermeister's penultimate stage work, "Madame Bovary", first given in Zurich in 1967, is loosely based on Flaubert's novel. With many characters cut, it consists largely of monologues for Emma Bovary, who was sung by Anneliese Rothenberger.

paragraph: For his final opera, he adapted Eugène Ionesco's play "Exit the King" ("Le Roi se meurt"). According to musicologist Elizabeth Forbes, this opera, premiered in 1985 at Bavarian State Opera, with only six characters, a tiny chorus and small orchestra, this work, in its modest way, is as effective as anything Sutermeister wrote.

paragraph: He was the brother of Hans Martin Sutermeister; their grandfather was the folklorist Otto Sutermeister.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Concert, chamber and religious music.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "1. Piano Concerto", 1943

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Capriccio for unaccompanied Clarinet in A",1947

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Die Alpen", fantasy on Swiss folksongs, 1948

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gavotte de Concert", for trumpet and piano, 1950

paragraph: BULLET::::- "2. Piano Concerto", 1953

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Missa da Requiem", 1952–1953

paragraph: BULLET::::- "1. Cello Concerto", 1954–55

paragraph: BULLET::::- "3. Piano Concerto", 1961–62

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Poème funèbre – En mémoire de Paul Hindemith" for string orchestra, 1965

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Omnia ad Unum", cantata, 1965–66

paragraph: BULLET::::- "2. Cello Concerto", 1971

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Te Deum", 1975

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Clarinet Concerto", 1975–76

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Consolatio philosophiae", 'Scène dramatique', 1979

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Notes

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sources

paragraph: BULLET::::- Warrack, John and West, Ewan (1992), "The Oxford Dictionary of Opera", 782 pages,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Operone page on Sutermeister, accessed 1 April 2011

description: Swiss opera composer

wikidata_label: Heinrich Sutermeister

wikipedia_title: Heinrich Sutermeister


text:
fl.
high-reeve
Bamburgh
Northumbria
Erik Bloodaxe
York-based Kingdom of Northumbria
Eadred of England
Evesham
Eadred
Canterbury Cathedral
Old English
ealdorman
wergild
Waltheof
Eadulf of Bamburgh
David Rollason
Dux
floruit
Amlaíb Cuarán
Eric Bloodaxe
Roger of Wendover
Flores historiarum
Eric Bloodaxe
Stainmore
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
De primo Saxonum adventu
Chronicle of the Kings of Alba
Indulf
Edinburgh
Oslac
Waltheof of Bamburgh
Uhtred of Northumbria

categories: Earls, ealdormen and high-reeves of Bamburgh,Anglo-Saxon warriors,Year of birth unknown,10th-century rulers in Europe,Earls of Northumbria

paragraph: Osulf I of Bamburgh

paragraph: Osulf (fl. 946—54) was high-reeve of Bamburgh and ruler of Northumbria. Sometimes called "earl", he is more surely the first recorded high-reeve of Bamburgh and the man who, after assisting in the death of its last independent ruler Erik Bloodaxe, administered the York-based Kingdom of Northumbria when it was taken over by the Wessex-based King Eadred of England in 954.

paragraph: Section::::Origins.

paragraph: Osulf appears at least five times in witness lists for charters, some of which may be genuine, in the years 946, 949, and 950. In 946 and 949 he witnessed charters as "high reeve" In 949 he witnessed an Evesham grant as well as a grant by King Eadred to Canterbury Cathedral as "dux". And in 950 an "Osulf Bebbanburg" is alleged to have witnessed as "Eorl".

paragraph: He is the first man specifically designated "high-reeve" of Bamburgh. High-reeve is Old English "heah-gerefa", which Alfred Smyth thought was influenced by the Scottish word "mormaer", which possibly has the same meaning ("High Steward"). Judging by the "North People's Law", a high-reeve was not the same as an ealdorman ("dux"), having only half an ealdorman's wergild.

paragraph: Osulf's origins are unclear. A genealogy in the text "De Northumbria post Britannos", recording the ancestry of Waltheof Earl of Northampton (and, briefly, Northumbria), suggests that Osulf was the son of Eadulf of Bamburgh, the ′King of the Northern English′ who died in 913. Richard Fletcher and David Rollason thought he might be the Osulf "Dux" who had witnessed charters further south in the 930s, which if true would extend Osulf's "floruit" back to 934.

paragraph: Section::::Erik Bloodaxe and domination of all Northumbria.

paragraph: Though Eadulf and Ealdred appear to have ruled Northumbria, in the years running up to 954 the kingdom was controlled by the Scandinavians Amlaíb Cuarán and Eric Bloodaxe. According to Roger of Wendover's "Flores historiarum" (early 13th century), Osulf was responsible for a conspiracy with a certain Maccus that led to the betrayal and death of Eric Bloodaxe, King of Northumbria, "in a certain lonely place called Stainmore".

paragraph: Following this, Osulf is said to have taken control of all Northumbria. Although this part of the "Flores historiarum" was compiled centuries later and contains some obvious anachronisms, Roger of Wendover appears to have used certain earlier sources, no longer extant, which would add credibility to the story. The "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle" names King Eadred as the new ruler of Northumbria following the expulsion of Erik:Her Norðhymbre fordrifon Yric, 7 Eadred feng to Norðhymbra ricebrIn this year the Northumbrians drove out Eric and Eadred succeeded to the kingdom". This is why Richard Fletcher thinks Osulf was working at Eadred's instigation, and that a grateful Eadred promoted Osulf ruler of the entire Northumbrian sub-kingdom.

paragraph: However he got there, it was with Eadred's consent and overlordship, at least according to our sources. "De primo Saxonum adventu" summarises his status as follows:"Primus comitum post Eiricum, quem ultimum regem habuerunt Northymbrenses, Osulf provincias omnes Northanhymbrorum sub Edrido rege procuravit".brFirst of the earls after Erik, the last king whom the Northumbrians had, Osulf administered under King Eadred all the provinces of the Northumbrians.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Little else is known about Osulf's period in power. The "Chronicle of the Kings of Alba" says that in the time of Indulf (King of Scots from 954 to 962), Edinburgh was abandoned to the Scots, though nothing is said about the involvement of Northumbrians or Osulf.

paragraph: The date of Osulf's death is not known. He was probably dead before 963, as that is the date Oslac appears for the first time as ealdorman in York. It is unclear whether Oslac was related to Osulf. According to the "De primo Saxonum adventu", Northumbria was divided into two parts after Osulf's death. "De Northumbria post Britannos" says that Osulf had a son named Ealdred, father of Waltheof of Bamburgh (fl. 994), father of Uhtred of Northumbria.

description: English earl

wikidata_label: Osulf I of Bamburgh

wikipedia_title: Osulf I of Bamburgh


text:
FRSE
British
baronet
politician
Member of Parliament
Peeblesshire
John Hay, 5th Baronet
FRSE
FRSE
Royal Society of Edinburgh

categories: UK MPs 1832–1835,UK MPs 1831–1832,Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Scottish constituencies,UK MPs 1835–1837,1838 deaths,Baronets in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia,Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh,1788 births

paragraph: Sir John Hay, 6th Baronet

paragraph: Sir John Hay, 6th Baronet of Smithfield and Haystoun FRSE FSA (3 August 1788 – 1 November 1838) was a British baronet and politician. He sat as a Member of Parliament for Peeblesshire from 1831 to 1837.

paragraph: He was the son of Sir John Hay, 5th Baronet of Smithfield and Haystoun FRSE (1755-1830), banker and landowner, and Mary Elizabeth Forbes. His brother-in-law was the banker, George Forbes FRSE (1790-1857).

paragraph: He trained as an advocate and passed the Scottish bar in 1811.

paragraph: In 1820 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh his proposer being George Forbes.

paragraph: In 1821 he married Ann Preston (d.1862). They had no children.

alias:
John Hay
Sir John Hay

description: British politician

wikidata_label: Sir John Hay, 6th Baronet

wikipedia_title: Sir John Hay, 6th Baronet


text:
forensic science
Sherlock Holmes
France
trace
Locard's exchange principle
Lyon
Alexandre Lacassagne
criminologist
police laboratory
Georges Simenon
detective

categories: People from Loire (department),French people of Scottish descent,People from Lyon,French criminologists,French forensic scientists,1966 deaths,1877 births

paragraph: Edmond Locard

paragraph: Dr. Edmond Locard (13 December 1877 – 4 April 1966) was a French criminologist, the pioneer in forensic science who became known as the "Sherlock Holmes of France". He formulated the basic principle of forensic science: "Every contact leaves a trace". This became known as Locard's exchange principle.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Locard studied medicine and law at Lyon, France, eventually becoming the assistant of Alexandre Lacassagne, a criminologist and professor. He held this post until 1910, when he began the foundation of his criminal laboratory. At one point, Locard met with Sir Arthur Conan Doyle while the latter was visiting France.

paragraph: In 1910, Locard succeeded in persuading the Police Department of Lyon to give him two attic rooms and two assistants, to start what became the first police laboratory.

paragraph: He produced a monumental, seven-volume work, "Traité de Criminalistique". He continued with his research until his death in 1966.

paragraph: In November 2012, he is nominated to the French Forensic Science Hall of Fame of the Association Québécoise de Criminalistique

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: The young Georges Simenon, later to become a well-known detective writer, is known to have attended some Locard lectures in 1919 or 1920.

paragraph: Locard is considered to be the father of modern forensic science. His Exchange Principle is the basis of all forensic work.

description: French forensic scientist

wikidata_label: Edmond Locard

wikipedia_title: Edmond Locard


text:
Champlitte
Bouhans-et-Feurg
paleontologist
coral polyp
sponges
University of Strasbourg
Paris
Val-de-Grâce
Gray (Haute-Saône)
typhoid
Alcide d'Orbigny
Upper Jurassic
Portlandian
Kimmeridgian
Henry Testot-Ferry
zoophytes
rotifer
eelworm
tardigrade
Geological
Chambéry

categories: 1824 births,1901 deaths,People from Haute-Saône,French paleontologists

paragraph: Louis Édouard Gourdan de Fromentel

paragraph: Louis Édouard Gourdan de Fromentel (29 August 1824, Champlitte – 6 April 1901, Bouhans-et-Feurg) was a French physician and paleontologist known for his study of fossil coral polyps and sponges.

paragraph: He studied medicine at the University of Strasbourg, then relocated to Paris, where he served as an intern at Val-de-Grâce. In 1849 he obtained his medical doctorate, and during the following year, settled in the town of Gray (Haute-Saône). As a physician he dealt with epidemics such as typhoid and worked as a prison doctor. For a period of time he served as vice-president of the "Conseil d'hygiène".

paragraph: Section::::Published works.

paragraph: He made important contributions as editor to the "Paléontologie française". a multi-volume series on paleontology that was begun by Alcide d'Orbigny in 1840. Other significant writings by Fromentel include:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Introduction à l'étude des éponges fossiles", 1860 – Introduction to the study of fossil sponges.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Monographie des Polypiers Jurassiques supérieurs (É́tages Portlandien et Kimmeridgien)", 1864 – Monograph of Upper Jurassic polyps; Portlandian and Kimmeridgian stages.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Polypiers coralliens des environs de Gray", 1865 – Coral polyps found in the environs of Gray.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Terrain Jurassiques : Zoophytes", 1866 (with Henry Testot-Ferry) – Jurassic strata: zoophytes; part of series: "Paleontologie francaise ou description des animaux invertebrés fossiles de la France".

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Recherches sur la revivification des rotifères, des anguillules et des tardigrades" – Research on the revivification of rotifers, eelworms and tardigrades.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Description géologique et paléontologique de la colline de Lémenc-sur-Chambéry", 1875 (with Louis Pillet) – Geological and paleontological description of the hills of Lémenc-sur-Chambéry.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Etudes sur les microzoaires", 1876 – Studies on microorganisms.

alias:
Louis Edouard Gourdan de Fromentel
Fromentel

description: French paleontologist

wikidata_label: Louis Édouard Gourdan de Fromentel

wikipedia_title: Louis Édouard Gourdan de Fromentel


text: PC (NI)

text: Prime Minister of Northern Ireland

text: Ulster Unionist Party

text: unionist

text: Parliament of Northern Ireland

text: Bannside constituency

text: House of Commons of Northern Ireland

text: Ian Paisley

text: Ennismore Gardens

text: Hyde Park, London

text: Lady

text: The 1st Marquess of Crewe

text: The Hon.

text: Arthur O'Neill

text: Shane's Castle

text: Randalstown

text: MP

text: First World War

text: West Downs School

text: Winchester

text: Eton College

text: Ulster

text: France

text: Germany

text: City of London

text: Australia

text: Royal Military College, Sandhurst

text: 6th Guards Tank Brigade

text: Second World War

text: unionist

text: Captain

text: Hampshire

text: Orange Order

text: Northern Ireland

text: Ahoghill

text: County Antrim

text: Ulster Unionist Party

text: Bannside

text: Parliament of Northern Ireland

text: Parliament Buildings

text: Stormont

text: House of Commons of Northern Ireland

text: High Sheriff of Antrim

text: Government of Northern Ireland

text: Minister of Home Affairs

text: Privy Council of Northern Ireland

text: Minister of Finance

text: The 1st Viscount Brookeborough

text: Prime Minister of Northern Ireland

text: Ulster Unionist Party

text: Northern Ireland Labour Party

text: Harold Wilson

text: Downing Street

text: Taoiseach

text: Seán Lemass

text: Republic of Ireland

text: partition

text: Taoiseach

text: Belfast

text: Ian Paisley

text: Dublin

text: George Forrest

text: Mid Ulster

text: Twelfth of July

text: Coagh

text: County Tyrone

text: Jack Lynch

text: Stormont

text: Irish Association

text: Woodvale

text: Derry

text: William Craig

text: Minister of Home Affairs

text: Royal Ulster Constabulary

text: RTÉ

text: Troubles

text: Five Point Reform Programme

text: one man one vote

text: Bernadette Devlin

text: Michael Farrell

text: People's Democracy

text: Belfast

text: Burntollet Bridge incident

text: unionists

text: days of rioting

text: Bogside

text: surprise general election

text: Brian Faulkner

text: Cameron Commission

text: surprise general election

text: election results

text: Ian Paisley

text: Ulster Volunteer Force

text: Belfast Telegraph

text: Father of the House

text: life peer

text: Ahoghill

text: County of Antrim

text: Maine

text: Lymington

text: House of Lords

text: BBC

text: Enoch Powell

text: Winston Churchill Memorial Trust

text: CGPLA England and Wales

categories: Chichester family,High Sheriffs of Antrim,Prime Ministers of Northern Ireland,Northern Ireland junior government ministers (Parliament of Northern Ireland),Anglicans from Northern Ireland,Northern Ireland Cabinet ministers (Parliament of Northern Ireland),1914 births,People educated at Eton College,Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1958–1962,Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst,1990 deaths,Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1969–1973,Ulster Unionist Party life peers,Members of the Privy Council of Northern Ireland,Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1945–1949,Ulster Unionist Party members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland,People educated at West Downs School,Leaders of the Ulster Unionist Party,Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1953–1958,British Army personnel of World War II,People of The Troubles (Northern Ireland),Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1965–1969,Irish Guards officers,Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1962–1965,Ministers of Finance of Northern Ireland,Members of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland 1949–1953,Politicians from County Antrim

paragraph: Terence O'Neill

paragraph: Terence Marne O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of the Maine, PC (NI) (10 September 1914 – 12 June 1990), was the fourth Prime Minister of Northern Ireland and leader (1963–1969) of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP). A moderate unionist, who sought to reconcile the sectarian divisions in Northern Ireland society, he was Member of the Parliament of Northern Ireland for the Bannside constituency from 1946 until his forced resignation in April 1969 as communal conflict erupted; his successor in the House of Commons of Northern Ireland was Ian Paisley, while control of the UUP also passed to more hard-line elements.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: Terence O'Neill was born on 10 September 1914 at 29 Ennismore Gardens, Hyde Park, London. He was the youngest son of Lady Annabel Hungerford Crewe-Milnes (daughter of The 1st Marquess of Crewe) and Captain The Hon. Arthur O'Neill of Shane's Castle, Randalstown, the first MP to be killed in action during the First World War. The family assumed the surname O'Neill by royal licence in lieu of their original name Chichester. The Chichesters trace their lineage to the name O'Neill through Mary Chichester, daughter of Henry O'Neill of Shane's Castle.

paragraph: O'Neill grew up in London and was educated at West Downs School, Winchester and Eton College. He spent summer holidays in Ulster. Following school he spent a year in France and Germany and then worked in the City of London and Australia. In May 1940 he received a commission at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, and went on to serve in the 6th Guards Tank Brigade during the Second World War, in which both of his brothers died. Like many other unionist politicians, the rank he held during the war followed him into his political career, hence "Captain" Terence O'Neill.

paragraph: On 4 February 1944 he married Katharine Jean (16 January 1915 –15 July 2008), the daughter of William Ingham Whitaker, of Pylewell Park, Lymington, Hampshire. They had one son, Patrick (b. 1945), and one daughter, Anne (b. 1947).

paragraph: Like all Prime Ministers of Northern Ireland, he was a member of the Orange Order.

paragraph: Section::::Politics.

paragraph: At the end of 1945, O'Neill and his family went to live in Northern Ireland in a converted Regency rectory near Ahoghill, County Antrim. In a by-election in 1946, he was elected as the Ulster Unionist Party MP for the Bannside constituency in the Parliament of Northern Ireland, which sat at Parliament Buildings at Stormont. O'Neill served in a series of junior positions. He was Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry of Health and Local Government from February 1948 until November 1953, when he was appointed Chairman of Ways and Means and Deputy Speaker of the House of Commons of Northern Ireland. In 1953 he served as High Sheriff of Antrim. He was elevated to Cabinet level in the Government of Northern Ireland in April 1956 when he was made Minister of Home Affairs and sworn into the Privy Council of Northern Ireland. Six months later he was also appointed as Minister of Finance, a senior portfolio that he administered alongside Home Affairs until he divested the latter to focus on Finance. He remained Minister of Finance until his appointment as Prime Minister of Northern Ireland in 1963.

paragraph: Section::::Prime Minister.

paragraph: In 1963, O'Neill succeeded The 1st Viscount Brookeborough as Prime Minister of Northern Ireland and Leader of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP). He introduced new policies that would have been unthinkable with Lord Brookeborough as Prime Minister. He aimed to end sectarianism and to bring Catholics and Protestants into working relationships. A visit to a convent proved controversial among many Protestants. He also had aspirations in the industrial sector, seeking improved relations with the trade union movement and attracting new investment from abroad to replace failing industry in Northern Ireland. O'Neill seemed to strongly believe in industrialisation and modernisation. However it is clear that he was in some ways trying to prevent the Northern Ireland Labour Party (NILP) from gaining ground. Northern Ireland was influenced by British politics so the arrival of Harold Wilson in Downing Street meant the NILP had a significant ally there. Wilson was not a committed UUP supporter, so that O'Neill was the first Prime Minister of Northern Ireland who could not rely on the support of the UK Government.

paragraph: As O'Neill promoted industrialisation and modernisation, Taoiseach Seán Lemass was doing similar things in the Republic of Ireland, thus leading to the first real rapprochement between the two jurisdictions since partition. In January 1965, O'Neill invited the Taoiseach for talks in Belfast. O'Neill met with strong opposition from his own party, having informed very few of the visit, and from Ian Paisley, who rejected any dealings with the Republic. Paisley and his followers threw snowballs at Lemass' car during the visit. In February, O'Neill visited Lemass in Dublin. Opposition to O'Neill's reforms was so strong that in 1967 George Forrest – the MP for Mid Ulster, who supported the Prime Minister – was pulled off the platform at the Twelfth of July celebrations in Coagh, County Tyrone, and kicked unconscious by fellow members of the Orange Order.

paragraph: In December 1967, Lemass' successor Jack Lynch travelled to Stormont for his first meeting with O'Neill. On 8 January 1968, they met again in Dublin. On 19 January 1968, O'Neill made a speech marking five years in office to members of the Irish Association, calling for "a new endeavour by organisations in Northern Ireland to cross denominational barriers and advance the cause of better community relations". On 20 May 1968, O'Neill was pelted with eggs, flour and stones by members of the Woodvale Unionist Association who disapproved of his policies.

paragraph: In 1968, the Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA) began street demonstrations. The march across Derry on 5 October 1968, banned by William Craig the Minister of Home Affairs, was met with violence from the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) who used batons on protesters, among whom were prominent politicians. The O'Neill government was unable to deal with the disturbances, so Harold Wilson summoned O'Neill to Downing Street. The Stormont cabinet minutes from 14 October show O'Neill recalling his time in Britain. He stated that Wilson had threatened to take over if O'Neill could not manage to gain control. Finally he concluded that if they couldn't manage it politically then they would be forced into a period of governance by police power alone. The police violence was filmed by RTÉ television and broadcast worldwide. The date of this march is taken by some historians as being the start of the Northern Ireland Troubles.

paragraph: In response to these events, O'Neill introduced a Five Point Reform Programme. This granted a number of the concessions that NICRA had demanded but importantly it did not include one man one vote in local government council elections. Despite this the NICRA felt it had made some ground and agreed to postpone its marches. While things were expected to improve, many Catholics felt let down by the limited reforms. A group was formed by university-based activists including Bernadette Devlin and Michael Farrell, named People's Democracy, which began a four-day march from Belfast to Derry on 1 January 1969. On the fourth day, the march was attacked during the Burntollet Bridge incident by around 200 hardline unionists. Although many RUC men were present during the attack none intervened. It later emerged that some of the assailants were in fact off-duty policemen. Many marchers were injured, 13 requiring hospital treatment. The Burntollet attack sparked several days of rioting between the RUC and Catholic protesters in the Bogside area of Derry.

paragraph: In February 1969, O'Neill called a surprise general election because of the turmoil inside the UUP, after twelve dissident MPs signed a motion of no confidence against O'Neill, and Brian Faulkner resigned from the Government following its appointment of the Cameron Commission.

paragraph: Although pro-O'Neill candidates won a plurality of seats in the surprise general election, O'Neill lost an overall majority among UUP MP's in order to pass his reforms through Parliament.

paragraph: Section::::Resignation.

paragraph: From O'Neill's point of view, the election results were inconclusive. He was humiliated by his near-defeat in his own constituency of Bannside by Ian Paisley and resigned as leader of the UUP and as Prime Minister on 28 April 1969 after a series of bomb explosions on Belfast's water supply by the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) brought his personal political crisis to a head.

paragraph: In an interview with the "Belfast Telegraph" published on 10 May 1969 he stated: "It is frightfully hard to explain to Protestants that if you give Roman Catholics a good job and a good house they will live like Protestants because they will see neighbours with cars and television sets; they will refuse to have eighteen children. But if a Roman Catholic is jobless, and lives in the most ghastly hovel he will rear eighteen children on National Assistance. If you treat Roman Catholics with due consideration and kindness they will live like Protestants in spite of the authoritative nature of their Church".

paragraph: Section::::Retirement.

paragraph: He retired from Stormont politics in January 1970 when he resigned his seat, having become the Father of the House in the previous year. On 23 January 1970, he was created a life peer as Baron O'Neill of the Maine, of Ahoghill in the County of Antrim. (The Maine (or Main) is a river which flows near Ahoghill.)

paragraph: He spent his last years at Lisle Court, Lymington, Hampshire, although he continued to speak on the problems of Northern Ireland in the House of Lords where he sat as a cross-bencher. He appeared on the BBC Election Night programme in October 1974, where he clashed with the newly elected Ulster Unionist Party MP for South Down, Enoch Powell, over Northern Ireland's politics. His Reform Policies are largely forgotten by British Unionists and Irish Nationalists in Northern Ireland; however, he is remembered by historians for his efforts to reform the discrimination and sectarianism within the region during the 1960s. In retirement he was also a trustee of the Winston Churchill Memorial Trust.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: He died at his home of cancer on 12 June 1990. He was survived by his wife, son, and daughter. His estate was valued at £443,043: probate, 28 August 1990, CGPLA England and Wales.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Northern Ireland members of the House of Lords

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Writings.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Terence O'Neill, "Ulster at the crossroads," Faber and Faber, London, 1969.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Terence O'Neill, "The autobiography of Terence O'Neill", Hart-Davies, London, 1972.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marc Mulholland, "Northern Ireland at the crossroads: Ulster Unionism in the O'Neill years 1960-9," (Macmillan, London 2000).

description: British politician

wikidata_label: Terence O'Neill, Baron O'Neill of the Maine

wikipedia_title: Terence O'Neill


text: Fianna Fáil

text: Minister for Foreign Affairs

text: Minister for Justice

text: Minister for Posts and Telegraphs

text: Member of the European Parliament

text: Munster

text: Teachta Dála

text: Limerick West

text: Abbeyfeale

text: County Limerick

text: James Collins

text: Irish Republican Army

text: Irish War of Independence

text: Civil War

text: Dáil Éireann

text: 1948 general election

text: Patrician College

text: Ballyfin

text: University College Dublin

text: Kevin Barry Cumann

text: Limerick West

text: subsequent by-election

text: Limerick County Council

text: 1969 general election

text: Parliamentary Secretary

text: George Colley

text: Gaeltacht

text: Arms Crisis

text: Charles Haughey

text: Neil Blaney

text: Kevin Boland

text: Mícheál Ó Móráin

text: Minister for Posts and Telegraphs

text: Northern Ireland

text: Jack Lynch

text: IRA

text: Seán Mac Stíofáin

text: RTÉ

text: Special Criminal Court

text: National Coalition

text: Fine Gael

text: Labour Party

text: Garda Síochána

text: 1977 general election

text: 1981 general election

text: February 1982 general election

text: Iveagh House

text: Falklands War

text: United Nations

text: EEC

text: November 1982 general election

text: Desmond O'Malley

text: European Commissioner

text: Michael O'Kennedy

text: 1987 general election

text: 1989 general election

text: Progressive Democrats

text: Albert Reynolds

text: Dermot Morgan

text: leadership contest

text: Member of the European Parliament

text: Munster

text: 1997 general election

text: Michael J. Collins

text: 2004 European Parliament elections

text: European Parliament profile

categories: Members of the 27th Dáil,Politicians from County Limerick,Fianna Fáil TDs,MEPs for the Republic of Ireland 1994–1999,Irish schoolteachers,Members of the 20th Dáil,Members of the 18th Dáil,Members of the 19th Dáil,Members of the 21st Dáil,Members of the 25th Dáil,Fianna Fáil MEPs,Members of the 24th Dáil,Members of the 23rd Dáil,Members of the 26th Dáil,1938 births,Ministers for Justice (Ireland),Ministers for Foreign Affairs (Ireland),Living people,Members of the 22nd Dáil,MEPs for the Republic of Ireland 1999–2004

paragraph: Gerry Collins (politician)

paragraph: James Gerard Collins (born 16 October 1938) is an Irish former Fianna Fáil politician who served as Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1989 to 1992 and December 1982 and March 1982, Minister for Justice from 1987 to 1989 and 1977 to 1991, Minister for Posts and Telegraphs from 1970 to 1973, Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Industry and Commerce and Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for the Gaeltacht from 1969 to 1970. He was a Member of the European Parliament for the Munster constituency from 1994 to 2004. He served as a Teachta Dála for the Limerick West constituency from 1967 to 1997.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Collins was born in Abbeyfeale, County Limerick in 1938. The son of James Collins, his father was a former adjutant of the West Limerick Brigade of the Irish Republican Army during the Irish War of Independence. He took the republican side during the subsequent Civil War. He was elected to Dáil Éireann at the 1948 general election as a Fianna Fáil candidate.

paragraph: Collins was educated locally at St. Ita's College before later attending the Patrician College, Ballyfin. Following the completion of his secondary schooling he attended University College Dublin where he became secretary of the Kevin Barry Cumann of Fianna Fáil. He subsequently worked as a vocational school teacher.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.

paragraph: Collins first became involved in politics in 1965, when he was appointed assistant general-secretary of Fianna Fáil. Following the death of his father in 1967, he was elected to Dáil Éireann for Limerick West in the subsequent by-election. He was also co-opted onto Limerick County Council and various other local committees.

paragraph: Following Fianna Fáil's re-election at the 1969 general election, Collins secured promotion as a Parliamentary Secretary to George Colley, the Minister for Industry and Commerce and the Gaeltacht. Here he largely had responsibility for the promotion of Gaeltacht affairs and the Irish language.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.:Minister for Posts and Telegraphs (1970–73).

paragraph: In the wake of the Arms Crisis in 1970, a major reshuffle of the cabinet took place. Four ministers, Charles Haughey, Neil Blaney, Kevin Boland and Mícheál Ó Móráin, were either sacked, resigned or retired from the government, due to the scandal that was about to take place. Collins was appointed Minister for Posts and Telegraphs. It was a tough time for Fianna Fáil, as the party nearly faced a split due disagreements over its Northern Ireland policy. Collins, in spite of coming from a strong republican background, remained loyal to Taoiseach Jack Lynch in his moderate approach to the Northern Ireland situation.

paragraph: During his tenure as a Minister, Collins introduced a controversial law which prohibited organisations committed to violence, such as the IRA, from making media broadcasts. On 19 November 1972, an interview with Seán Mac Stíofáin was broadcast on the RTÉ "This Week" radio programme. Mac Stíofáin was arrested on the same day and the interview was later used as evidence against him on a trial of IRA membership and on 25 November he was sentenced to six months imprisonment by the Special Criminal Court in Dublin. Political fallout arising from the interview was considerable and some days later, Collins sacked the entire RTÉ Authority as he felt that they disobeyed the controversial new law.

paragraph: In 1973, Fianna Fáil were ousted after sixteen years in government, as the National Coalition of Fine Gael and the Labour Party came took office. Collins was retained on Jack Lynch's new front bench as spokesperson on Agriculture. After two years in that position he was promoted to spokesperson on Justice in a front bench reshuffle in 1975. In this capacity he was highly critical of the government's management of the Garda Síochána.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.:Minister for Justice (1977–81).

paragraph: In defiance of the opinion polls and political commentators Fianna Fáil swept to power with a huge 20-seat Dáil majority following the 1977 general election. Collins, at thirty-eight years of age, was one of the youngest members of Jack Lynch's new cabinet and was appointed Minister for Justice. In spite of the sensitive nature of the portfolio, he was viewed as a safe pair of hands. He had a good working relationship with the Garda Síochána, primarily due to his establishment of the Ryan tribunal, which saw all ranks receive huge pay increases in his first year in office.

paragraph: In December 1979, Jack Lynch resigned as Taoiseach and as Fianna Fáil leader. The succession resulted in a straight contest between Charles Haughey and George Colley. The latter had the backing of the majority of the existing cabinet, including Collins, however, a backbench revolt saw Haughey become Taoiseach. Collins, much to his disappointment, was retained in his existing position as Minister for Justice, holding office until Fianna Fáil lost power following the 1981 general election.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.:Minister for Foreign Affairs (1982).

paragraph: The Fine Gael-Labour government was short-lived and Fianna Fáil returned to power, following the February 1982 general election. Collins was rewarded by being named Minister for Foreign Affairs, in Haughey's second cabinet. One of the major incidents of his tenure at Iveagh House was the outbreak of the Falklands War. Although Anglo-Irish relations were at an all-time low, Collins opposed the act of aggression by the Argentinian government at United Nations and EEC levels.

paragraph: The Fianna Fáil government fell in October of that same year and Collins's party were out of power following the November 1982 general election. A period of instability followed within Fianna Fáil as a number of TDs attempted to oust Charles Haughey as party leader. Desmond O'Malley was seen as the clear front-runner to succeed Haughey, however, Collins's name was also mentioned alongside former European Commissioner Michael O'Kennedy. In the end, Haughey survived as party leader, after being told at a meeting of the parliamentary party by Collins that Fianna Fáil had lost credibility due to his continued leadership. In spite of this he was subsequently appointed front bench spokesperson on Foreign Affairs on the new front bench.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.:Minister for Justice/Foreign Affairs (1987–92).

paragraph: The results of the 1987 general election saw Fianna Fáil return to power as a minority government. Collins was disappointed to return to his old position as Minister for Justice, preferring instead to take over as Foreign Minister, however, he was once again regarded as a safe pair of hands in a controversial portfolio.

paragraph: Fianna Fáil retained power following the 1989 general election, albeit with the support of the Progressive Democrats in a coalition government. Collins returned to the cabinet in his preferred position as Minister for Foreign Affairs. January 1990, saw him take over as President of the European Community Council of Ministers during Ireland's six-month tenure. This was largely seen as a very successful presidency for the Irish government and was a personal triumph for Collins.

paragraph: In 1991, tensions began to surface within Fianna Fáil regarding the continued leadership of Charles Haughey. Minister for Finance Albert Reynolds was the main challenger, however, he had little support from his cabinet colleagues. In an infamous interview on the "" Collins made a plea to Reynolds asking him not to challenge Haughey for the leadership of the Fianna Fáil party: "This is going to wreck our party right down the centre and it's going to burst up government". The incident was much parodied, particularly by Dermot Morgan later that year. Reynolds's leadership challenge failed on that occasion and Haughey survived.

paragraph: In February 1992, Haughey stepped down as Taoiseach and Fianna Fáil leader and Reynolds immediately threw his hat in the ring in the leadership contest. Collins contemplated running in the leadership race after a number of approaches from his colleagues, however, in the end he declined to stand. Reynolds won the subsequent leadership election by a large majority. The formation of his new cabinet caused widespread shock as Collins and seven of his cabinet colleagues were effectively sacked in favour of supporters of the new Taoiseach. This effectively brought Collins's domestic career in politics to an end.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.:Member of the European Parliament (1994–2004).

paragraph: In 1994, he was elected a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the Munster constituency. He retired from domestic politics at the 1997 general election, being replaced by his brother, Michael J. Collins. Collins was re-elected to the European Parliament in 1999, but lost his bid for another term at the 2004 European Parliament elections. Subsequent to this defeat, he announced his retirement from politics.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- European Parliament profile

description: Irish politician

wikidata_label: Gerry Collins

wikipedia_title: Gerry Collins (politician)


text:
archbishop
Constantinople
Arsacius of Tarsus
John Chrysostom
Hagia Sophia
Pelagians
Constantinople
Sebaste
Armenia
monastic
Macedonian
monk
presbyter
Palladius of Galatia
Synod of the Oak
Theophilus of Alexandria
Porphyry of Antioch
patriarch
diocese
Thrace
schism
see
emperor
Theodosius II
Illyria
Pope Boniface I
Honorius
Philippopolis
Alexandria Troas
Bithynia
Nicaea
heresy
bishops
Pamphylia
Amphilochius
Iconium
Messalians
Pelagian
Pope Celestine I
orthodox
councils
Nestorius
Theodosius I
Pulcheria
Marcellinus
Socrates Scholasticus
Palladius of Galatia
Socr.
Soz.
Theod

categories: Byzantine people of Armenian descent,5th-century Byzantine people,Archbishops of Constantinople,Year of birth missing,Byzantine saints of the Eastern Orthodox Church,5th-century archbishops,5th-century Christian saints,420s deaths

paragraph: Atticus of Constantinople

paragraph: Atticus (; died 5 November 425) was the archbishop of Constantinople, succeeding Arsacius of Tarsus in March 406. He had been an opponent of John Chrysostom and helped Arsacius of Tarsus depose him, but later became a supporter of him after his death. He rebuilt the small church that was located on the site of the later Hagia Sophia, and was an opponent of the Pelagians, which helped increase his popularity among the citizens of Constantinople.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born at Sebaste in Armenia, he early embraced a monastic life, and received his education from some Macedonian monks near that place. Removing to Constantinople, he adopted the orthodox faith, was ordained presbyter, and soon became known as a rising man. He proved himself one of Chrysostom's most bitter adversaries. If not, as Palladius of Galatia asserts, the architect of the whole cabal, he certainly took a very leading part in carrying it into execution. The organization of the Synod of the Oak owed much to his practical skill. The expulsion of Chrysostom took place 10 June 404. His successor, the aged Arsacius, died 5 November 405. Four months of intrigue ended in the selection of Atticus.

paragraph: Vigorous measures were at once adopted by Atticus in conjunction with the other members of the triumvirate to which the Eastern church had been subjected, Theophilus of Alexandria, and Porphyry of Antioch, to crush the adherents of Chrysostom. An imperial rescript was obtained imposing the severest penalties on all who dared to reject the communion of the patriarchs. A large number of the bishops of the East persevered in the refusal, and suffered a cruel persecution; while even the inferior clergy and laity were compelled to keep themselves in concealment or to fly the country. The small minority of Eastern bishops who for peace's sake deserted Chrysostom's cause were made to feel the guilt of having once supported it, being compelled to leave their sees and take other dioceses in the inhospitable regions of Thrace, where they might be more under Atticus's eye and hand.

paragraph: Unity seemed hardly nearer when the death of Chrysostom (14 September 407) removed the original ground of the schism. A large proportion of the Christian population of Constantinople still refused communion with the usurper, and continued to hold their religious assemblies, more numerously attended than the churches, in the open air in the suburbs of the city, until Chrysostom's name took its place on the registers and in the public prayers of the church of Constantinople.

paragraph: Atticus's endeavours were vigorously directed to the maintenance and enlargement of the authority of the see of Constantinople. He obtained a rescript from emperor Theodosius II subjecting to it the whole of Illyria and the "Provincia Orientalis." This gave great offence to Pope Boniface I and the emperor Honorius, and the decree was never put into execution. Another rescript declaring his right to decide on and approve of the election of all the bishops of the province was more effectual. Silvanus was named by him bishop of Philippopolis, and afterwards removed to Alexandria Troas. Atticus asserted his right to ordain in Bithynia, and put it in practice at Nicaea in 425.

paragraph: Section::::Teachings.

paragraph: Atticus displayed great vigour in combating and repressing heresy. He wrote to the bishops of Pamphylia and to Amphilochius of Iconium, calling on them to drive out the Messalians (Phot. c. 52). The zeal and energy he displayed against the Pelagians are highly commended by Pope Celestine I, who goes so far as to style him "a true successor of St. Chrysostom".; Theod. Ep. cxlv.). His writings were quoted as those of an orthodox teacher by the councils of Ephesus and Chalcedon.

paragraph: Atticus was more an actor than a writer; and of what he did publish little remains. A treatise "On Virginity", combating by anticipation the errors of Nestorius, addressed to emperor Theodosius I's daughters Pulcheria and her sisters, is mentioned by Marcellinus.

paragraph: Socrates Scholasticus, who is a partial witness, attributes to him a sweet and winning disposition which caused him to be regarded with much affection. Those who thought with him found in him a warm friend and supporter. Towards his theological adversaries he at first showed great severity, and after they submitted, changed his behaviour and won them by gentleness.

paragraph: Section::::Veneration.

paragraph: He is highly regarded for his charity and piety and is venerated as a Saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church, which observes his feast on 8 January.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

paragraph: BULLET::::- cites:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Labbe, Conc. iii. 353, 361, 365, 518, 1073, iv. 831;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Niceph. xiii. 30, xiv. 23, 27;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Palladius of Galatia. Dial. c. xx;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Phot. c. 52; cf. S. Prosper. p. 549;

paragraph: BULLET::::- S. Leo. Ep. cvi.;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Socr. H. E. vii. 25, 28, 36, 37, 41;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Soz. viii. 27;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Theod. Ep. cv.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gross, Ernie. "This Day in Religion". New York:Neal-Schuman Publishers.

description: Archbishop of Constantinople

wikidata_label: Archbishop Atticus of Constantinople

wikipedia_title: Atticus of Constantinople


text: Australian rules football

text: St Kilda

text: Victorian Football League

text: Richmond

text: Port Melbourne

text: Footscray

text: Victorian Football Association

text: Abbotsford, Victoria

text: Owen Brennan

text: Collingwood

text: Northcote

text: 1901 VFL season

text: Fitzroy

text: Junction Oval

text: 1908 VFA season

text: bigamy

text: First AIF

text: Royal Park, Melbourne

text: deserter

text: estaminet

text: imprisonment with hard labour

text: North Fitzroy

text: Clifton Hill

text: Jolimont railway station

text: Thomas Blamey

text: Chief Commissioner

text: Victorian Police Force

text: Pentridge Prison

text: Medical Superintendent

text: St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne

text: List of unsolved deaths

categories: Footscray Football Club (VFA) players,Australian murder victims,People murdered in Victoria (Australia),Richmond Football Club (VFA) players,1931 murders in Oceania,Australian criminals,Deaths by firearm in Victoria (Australia),Australian rules footballers from Victoria (Australia),Sportspeople from Melbourne,Unsolved murders in Australia,Murdered sportspeople,1881 births,1930s murders in Australia,Port Melbourne Football Club players,1931 deaths,Australian military personnel of World War I,1931 crimes in Australia,People convicted of bigamy,St Kilda Football Club players,People who were court-martialed

paragraph: Arthur Brennan

paragraph: Arthur Brennan (2 March 1881 – 12 September 1931) was an Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He also played for Richmond, Port Melbourne, and Footscray in the Victorian Football Association (VFA).

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: The son of William Brennan, and Mary Brennan, née O'Farrell, Arthur Brennan was born in Abbotsford, Victoria on 2 March 1881.

paragraph: He came from a large family; William and Mary had eight daughters and three sons. Both of his brothers played football, most notably Owen Brennan, who was the first member of the family to play in the VFL, with 11 appearances for Collingwood in 1900. His other brother, William Jr, played in the VFA for Northcote and Port Melbourne.

paragraph: Section::::Football career.

paragraph: Brennan played his only senior game for St Kilda during the 1901 VFL season, as a 20-year-old. In round 15, Brennan was a member of the St Kilda team which lost to Fitzroy at Junction Oval by 72 points.

paragraph: Although his VFL career was brief, Brennan played for a number of years in the VFA. He was regarded as being one of Richmond's finest players in their pre-VFL era, a club he played for from 1903 to 1905. In 1906 and 1907, Brennan played with his brother William at Port Melbourne, then midway through the 1908 VFA season he crossed to Footscray.

paragraph: Section::::Bigamy trial.

paragraph: Arrested on 29 September 1914, Brennan was committed for trial on 7 October 1914, on a charge of having committed bigamy.

paragraph: At his trial, evidence was given that the Rev. Henry Heathershaw (1833-1907) had married Arthur Brennan to his first wife, Catherine Prout, on 7 May 1902, and that Brennan had left her after two years.

paragraph: Further evidence was given by Alice Mary Patton, who appeared in court having been brought from Pentridge Women's Prison Gaol in order to do so, that, while Brennan was still married to Catherine (and while Catherine was still alive), the Rev. Albert James Abbott (1856-1941) married her to Brennan on 23 January 1910, and that they'd had a child together, which died in its infancy.

paragraph: Having initially pleaded "not guilty" to the charge, he later changed his plea to guilty, on the advice of his solicitor, Napthali Henry "Sonny" Sonenberg (1876-1937), and was consequently sentenced to 12 months imprisonment.

paragraph: Section::::Military service.

paragraph: Section::::Military service.:1915.

paragraph: Brennan enlisted in the First AIF on 3 September 1915. At this (initial) enlistment, he answered "no" to the question "Are you married?". He entered camp at Royal Park, Melbourne on 13 September 1915.

paragraph: Brennan was discovered to be absent without leave on 24 November 1915, and was "struck off strength of [the] Royal Park Camp as a deserter on 30/11/15 — a decision later confirmed by a Court of Inquiry — and a warrant was issued for his arrest.

paragraph: Section::::Military service.:1918.

paragraph: Although no further details are given, his service record indicates that the warrant for his arrest was withdrawn on 4 March 1918, and that he re-enlisted on 27 March 1918, and that he resumed his military service on 29 April 1918. At the time of his 1918 re-enlistment, the previous "no" answer to the "Are you married?" question was crossed out and replaced with "yes" — and "Catherine Brennan", of "30 Madeline Street, Carlton, Vic.", "Wife", was now given as his next of kin.

paragraph: He left Sydney, with the 2nd General (Victorian) Reinforcements, on 1 May 1918, aboard the HMAT Euripides A14, to serve in Europe.

paragraph: In August 1918, whilst still in England, he was charged with being absent without leave and was imprisoned, without pay for 28 days.

paragraph: In September 1918, soon after arriving in France, he was imprisoned for three days without pay for "conduct to the prejudice of good order and military discipline in that he discharged firearms in his hut on 23.9.18"; and in October 1918, he was imprisoned, again, for being absent without leave. He was absent without leave, once more, from 26 October 1918 until he was arrested on 18 November 1918.

paragraph: Section::::Military service.:Court-martial.

paragraph: Brennan and a fellow soldier, Private Patrick McGrath (51412), were arrested in November 1918, and put on trial, in France, after they had forcibly entered an estaminet in Saint-Vaast, on the night of 29 October 1918.

paragraph: Both were found guilty of "committing an offence against the property of an inhabitant of the country in which he was serving", and both were sentenced to two-year's imprisonment with hard labour; a sentence which Brennan served, at the Northampton Military Prison, in England.

paragraph: His sentence was suspended, and he was released from prison on 18 June 1919, under the powers provided by the "Suspension of Sentences" provisions (i.e., Regulation 643A, and Regulation 643B) of the "Australian Military Regulations under the Defence Act 1903-1915" that had come into operation on 7 March 1917, and was returned to his regiment and, then, was repatriated (with his regiment) to Australia in the HMAT Port Melbourne A16, leaving England on 5 July 1919, and landing in Melbourne on 20 August 1919.

paragraph: Section::::Murder.

paragraph: The Brennan household, which consisted of Arthur and five of his sisters, had an arrangement with their immediate neighbour, Norah Power, that, if she was alone and in need of assistance, she would knock on the wall which divided their homes.

paragraph: Section::::Murder.:12 September 1931.

paragraph: On 12 September 1931, Brennan was shot dead outside his home, at 26 Rowe Street, North Fitzroy, by a burglar, who was trying to get into Power's residence.

paragraph: That night, Power had been alarmed by the sound of someone trying to get through her window. Brennan was in his kitchen and, once he heard Power's signal, walked across his garden to her home.

paragraph: He confronted a man he saw standing on Power's verandah who attempted unsuccessfully to defuse the situation by claiming he was at the home to visit a friend.

paragraph: When he tried to make his escape, Brennan blocked his path at the garden gate and the pair then grappled. During the struggle, Brennan was shot in the chest by a small automatic pistol that the intruder had managed to draw from his overcoat with a free arm. Brennan died there on the footpath within minutes. The gunman was chased by two other bystanders but was able to get away.

paragraph: Section::::Murder.:Search for suspect.

paragraph: An investigation revealed that the gunman, likely aged 25 to 30, had earlier been seen scoping the area and were, therefore, able to get a good description of his appearance.

paragraph: The police were unable to locate the suspect; and, after three months had elapsed, the City Coroner gave a finding that Brennan had been murdered by a "person unknown".

paragraph: Section::::Alleged perpetrators.

paragraph: Although the case remains unsolved today, the Victorian police sequentially identified (albeit posthumously) two known criminals as Brennan's murderer, first, at the time of his death, John Gepp, then, later, when that allegation had been retracted, Reginald James Barker, although no evidence supporting either of these official allegations was ever presented in court.

paragraph: Section::::Alleged perpetrators.:John Gepp, alias John Vernon Pinkus, alias Raymond Brennan, alias John D'Arcy.

paragraph: John Gepp (1898-1932), alias John Vernon Pinkus, alias Raymond Brennan, alias John D'Arcy was shot dead on 18 January, when escaping from the police who had attempted to apprehend him outside his Clifton Hill residence (apparently in order to arrest him for Brennan's murder).

paragraph: In his attempt to evade arrest, he fled the scene, and was badly injured when attempting to clear an iron spiked fence at the Jolimont railway station; and, bleeding profusely, he then ran into an adjacent park, "turned in his tracks and fired a shot at his pursuers". The police returned fire ("The staff at the Jolimont station heard the report of a shot and then a fusillade") killing Gepp.

paragraph: At the time of his death, police stated that "[they were] now certain from information which has come to hand that [Gepp] was the prowler who on September 12 last murdered Arthur Brennan in front of his home in Howe Street, North Fitzroy". However, in April 1932, once forensic evidence had revealed that Gepp's gun had not fired the bullet that killed Brennan, the police had become convinced "beyond all reasonable doubt that [Gepp] was not the murderer of Arthur Brennan".

paragraph: On 15 April 1932, Thomas Blamey, the Chief Commissioner of the Victorian Police Force, formally announced that Gepp was no longer considered to be Brennan's murderer.

paragraph: Section::::Alleged perpetrators.:Reginald James Barker.

paragraph: Reginald James Barker (1914-1932) was shot dead on 27 February 1932 while attempting to escape from Pentridge Prison in the company of two other prisoners (who, although not shot, also failed to escape). Having stolen a warder's rifle, he wounded two of the prison's warders in the process.

paragraph: Although just 17½, he was more than 6 foot tall, and was strongly built; and "despite his youth, [he] was described by police [at the time of his death] as being one of the most desperate young criminals who had passed through their hands in recent years" Having previously been convicted of a number of crimes (including firearms offences, and breaking and entering), for which he had (already) served several long terms in detention centres, he was in prison awaiting sentencing, having been found guilty of (a) shooting at a police constable with the intent to murder him, and (b) stealing a motorcycle and sidecar.

paragraph: On Friday 15 April 1932, in the process declaring that Gepp was no longer considered to be Brennan's murderer, Police Commissioner Blamey also announced that, "as a result of investigations by detectives it had been clearly established that the murderer of Arthur Brennan in Fitzroy on September 12, 1931, was Reginald James Barker".

paragraph: Prompted by Blamey's emphatic declaration, Barker's mother visited the office of "The Herald" on the following Monday (18 April 1932), and produced documentary evidence, in the form of a medical report from Dr. Edward James Grieve, the Medical Superintendent of St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne — the veracity of the report's contents were (subsequently) confirmed directly with Dr. Grieve by "The Herald". — to the effect that, on his first of seven visits to the hospital (10 September 1931), Barker was extremely lame and was given crutches (Grieve told the reporter that the injury was so severe that "he was surprised that Barker had been able to reach the hospital unassisted. 'It was a wonder that he could walk at all', said Dr. Grieve.") An X-ray taken on 11 September 1931 showed a fracture, that was some weeks old, of both bones of his right ankle; and on 14 September his leg was put in plaster of Paris.

paragraph: Mrs Barker told "The Herald" that she had specifically told the detectives, at the time of the coroner's inquest, of her son's injured foot, and that, following that, they could have checked her story with the doctor before coming to their final conclusion.

paragraph: His mother declared that, at 17 years of age, 6 foot tall, and well-built, her son was significantly different from the "official description of Brennan's murderer [that witnesses had] given police ... between 25 and 30 years old, 5ft.9in. in height, and of thin to medium build"; and, moreover, that, "apart from the difference in description, ... her son, from the hospital report, obviously could not have been the prowler who frightened Miss Norah Power, who lived next door to Brennan, on September 12; and he could not possibly have run away after having shot Brennan, as witnesses said Brennan's murderer had done".

paragraph: Mrs. Barker further declared that the police claim that they had traced Brennan's murder weapon to Barker's home was false: "She said that the detectives who visited her home after her son's death had taken only a grey overcoat — the overcoat which, according to the police, Miss Power later identified. She [viz., Mrs. Barker] had never seen a revolver in the house".

paragraph: In explaining why she had come to "The Herald", "with a medical report which, she claimed, showed that her son could not have been guilty of the murder of Arthur Brennan, 48, as alleged by the police" — "'In their endeavor to clear Pinkus', said Mrs Barker, 'the police have put the blame for n terrible crime on my boy, who, whatever else he might have done, was not a murderer. The detectives were told, outside the Morgue at the inquest, about my son's foot injury, and they could have seen the doctors before having made [the report that they submitted to the Police Commissioner]'" — "Mrs. Barker said that she had sought [earlier] today to place [Grieve's] report before the Police Commissioner (General Blamey) but that he had refused an interview".

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of unsolved deaths

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Section::::References.:Military sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- First World War Embarkation Roll: Private Arthur Brennan (51513), "Australian War Memorial": mistakenly has his date of enlistment as 3 September 1916, rather than 3 September 1915.

paragraph: BULLET::::- First World War Nominal Roll: Private Arthur Brennan (51513), "Australian War Memorial".

paragraph: BULLET::::- World War One Service Record: Private Arthur Brennan (51513), "National Archives of Australia".

paragraph: Section::::References.:Other sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexander, Radu, "Top 10 Forgotten Murders of Once-Famous Athletes", "listverse.com", 29 April 2017.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lambley, Desmond Bruce, "March in the Guilty Bastard", Zeus Publications, (Burleigh, Qld), 2012.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Port Melbourne Football Club Player List (1886-2017), "portmelbournefc.com.au".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arthur "Snowy" Brennan, "The VFA Project".

description: Australian rules footballer (1881-1931)

wikidata_label: Arthur Brennan

wikipedia_title: Arthur Brennan


text: Cristina

text: Dover

text: Majadahonda

text: The Beatles

text: R.E.M

text: Nirvana

text: Sister

text: Jesús Antúnez

text: Alvaro Díez

text: Devil Came to Me

text: Follow the city lights

text: I Ka Kené

text: Complications

text: Loli Jackson Records

text: Sister

text: Devil Came to Me

text: Late at Night

text: The Flame

text: Follow the City Lights

text: I Ka Kené

text: Complications

text: Official Web: Dover

text: Twitter: Dover

text: Facebook: Dover

text: MySpace: Dover

categories: Alternative rock guitarists,Musicians from Madrid,Spanish songwriters,Spanish female guitarists,1965 births,Living people

paragraph: Amparo Llanos

paragraph: Amparo Llanos Fayos (born 27 May 1965) is a Spanish musician, guitarist and songwriter. She is the leader, along with her sister Cristina, of the Spanish rock band Dover.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Before the foundation of the band, she worked in the shop of her mother in Majadahonda. She took a course in history and three of Journalism, but according to her, "I left it because I was too timid".

paragraph: Her influences are The Beatles, R.E.M and Nirvana. Dover released his first album in 1995 ("Sister") with Amparo, her sister Cristina (vocals and guitar), Jesús Antúnez (drums) and Alvaro Díez (bass). The album was not a big success, because they sold only 700 copies. Two years later, they released "Devil Came to Me" with which they got a remarkable success of sales, 800,000 copies. In 2006, "Follow the city lights" was released, turning its music genre to electronics. A few years later, the album "I Ka Kené" was published and had a strong influence of African sounds. In February 2015, they released a new album, "Complications", with which they returned to their origins of rock.

paragraph: Amparo is the one who manages to speak to the manager, with the label, and signs on groups for the label Loli Jackson Records. She is also in charge of handwriting letters to the 'fans', taking advantage of the tours.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Dover.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sister" (1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Devil Came to Me" (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Late at Night" (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Was Dead for 7 Weeks in the City of Angels" (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Flame" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Follow the City Lights" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Ka Kené" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Complications" (2015)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Web: Dover

paragraph: BULLET::::- Twitter: Dover

paragraph: BULLET::::- Facebook: Dover

paragraph: BULLET::::- MySpace: Dover

description: Spanish composer

wikidata_label: Amparo Llanos

wikipedia_title: Amparo Llanos


text: Tallinn

text: Modernist

text: Symbolism

text: Expressionism

text: 1905 Revolution

text: Ants Laikmaa

text: Osip Braz

text: Konrad Mägi

text: Åland Islands

text: Académie Colarossi

text: Académie Julian

text: École des Beaux-arts

text: Nicholas Roerich

text: Tartu

text: Noor-Eesti

text: Mihkel Martna

text: Tallinna Kunstimuuseum

text: KUMU

text: Eesti Modernism

text: Tartu Art Museum

text: More works by Triik

categories: People from the Governorate of Estonia,Expressionism,1884 births,People from Tallinn,Alumni of the École des Beaux-Arts,20th-century Estonian painters,Landscape painters,1940 deaths,Alumni of the Académie Julian,Portrait painters

paragraph: Nikolai Triik

paragraph: Nikolai Voldemar Triik (7 August 1884, Tallinn – 12 August 1940, Tallinn) was an Estonian Modernist painter, graphic artist, printmaker and professor. His work displays elements of Symbolism and Expressionism.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He came from a middle-class family. After graduating from the public schools in 1901, he enrolled at the Saint Petersburg Art and Industry Academy, but was expelled for participating in a student strike during the 1905 Revolution. He returned home and continued his studies at the private art school operated by Ants Laikmaa, but later went back to Saint Petersburg to take lessons from Osip Braz.

paragraph: The following year, he accompanied Konrad Mägi and on a trip to the Åland Islands and spent some time in Helsinki at the school operated by the "Finnish Art Association". Not long after, he married the daughter of a wealthy factory owner and moved to Paris, where he sampled courses at the Académie Colarossi, the Académie Julian and the École des Beaux-arts.

paragraph: When his studies there were completed, he visited Norway, then went to Saint Petersburg again and audited classes at the art academy operated by Nicholas Roerich. For the next two years, he moved between Saint Petersburg and Tartu. In 1911, he began producing an art section for a magazine published by the literary association, Noor-Eesti, and created a series of works based on Estonian folklore. Following more travels to Copenhagen and Berlin, he settled in Estonia permanently in 1913, working as an art teacher.

paragraph: In 1916, he became a member of the governing council of the "Eesti Kunstiselts" (art association) and, from 1919 to 1920, was in charge of Fine Arts at the Estonian Ministry of Education. That year, he joined a progressive art association named "Pallas" and went to Tartu to teach at their school.

paragraph: From 1922 to 1926, he gave private lessons at his own studio in Tartu, then worked as a freelance artist until 1928. Five years later, he became the first Estonian to be named a Professor of Art. His second wife, Viktoria (the daughter of Mihkel Martna), died in 1935, aged only forty-four. He fell ill early in 1940 and returned to Tallinn, where he died shortly after.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alfred Vaga, "Nikolai Triik", (Vol.1 of "Great Estonian Men"), Loodus, 1939

paragraph: BULLET::::- Evi Pihlak, "Nikolai Triik, 1884-1940" (exhibition catalog) Tallinna Kunstimuuseum, 1959, reissued 1969.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nikolai Triik: Estonia's Master Modernist an interview with Liis Pählapuu, Curator of KUMU @ Tallinn Arts (with enlargements of paintings)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eesti Modernism: More works by Triik @ the Tartu Art Museum

paragraph: BULLET::::- More works by Triik @ the Digitaalkogu of the Art Museum of Estonia.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Exhibition "Nikolai Triik. Classics of the Modernist Era" @ Culture.ee

description: Estonian painter (b. 1884)

wikidata_label: Nikolai Triik

wikipedia_title: Nikolai Triik


text:
German
historical painter
Nazarene School
Friedrich Overbeck
Rome
Hindelang
Algau
Treves
Academy of Munich
Roman Anton Boos
Munich
The Adoration of the Magi
cholera
List of German painters

categories: 1859 deaths,German romantic painters,Nazarene painters,German sculptors,German male sculptors,1768 births

paragraph: Konrad Eberhard

paragraph: Konrad Eberhard (25 November 1768 – 12 March 1859), a German historical painter, better known as a sculptor, was one of the foremost artists of the so-called Nazarene School, which at one time gathered round Friedrich Overbeck in Rome.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was born at Hindelang in Algau, where his father and grandfather were sculptors and carvers. The Elector of Treves and Bishop of Augsburg, Clement Wenceslas, often had occasion to go to Hindelang, where he made the acquaintance of Eberhard, and induced him to visit the Academy of Munich in 1798 to work under his fellow-countryman Roman Anton Boos. In 1816 he was appointed professor of sculpture at the Academy. He died at Munich.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Among his best sculptures are the tomb of the princess Caroline in the Theatinerkirche, and the statues of St. George and St. Michael before the Isar gate in Munich. He painted many pictures illustrating the conflicts, progress, and triumphs of the Christian religion. One of them, "The Adoration of the Magi", is especially beautiful.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: In most of his works he was assisted by his elder brother, Franz Eberhard, an excellent sculptor, who was born at Hindelang in 1767, and died of cholera at Munich in 1836.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of German painters

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Attribution:

description: German historical painter and sculptor (1768-1859)

wikidata_label: Konrad Eberhard

wikipedia_title: Konrad Eberhard