text:
American football
wide receiver
National Football League
Philadelphia Eagles
Washington Redskins
Olympic
1960 Summer Olympics
Rome
100 meter
world record
100-yard dash
Mel Patton
Long Branch
New Jersey
high school football
Asbury Park High School
Asbury Park
Villanova University
James 'Jumbo' Elliott
Ray Norton
Stone Johnson
Dave Sime
Villanova
Villanova
Mel Patton
Downing Stadium
New York City
Track and Field News
drafted
1962 NFL Draft
wide receiver
Canadian Football League
Calgary Stampeders
Mount Laurel, New Jersey
Marlton
Evesham Township, New Jersey

categories: Calgary Stampeders players,Canadian football wide receivers,American male sprinters,Athletes (track and field) at the 1960 Summer Olympics,Philadelphia Eagles players,American football wide receivers,2014 deaths,Washington Redskins players,Players of American football from New Jersey,Sportspeople from Long Branch, New Jersey,Track and field athletes from New Jersey,Olympic track and field athletes of the United States,1939 births,People from Mount Laurel, New Jersey

paragraph: Frank Budd

paragraph: Francis Joseph "Frank" Budd (July 20, 1939 – April 29, 2014) was an American football wide receiver in the National Football League for the Philadelphia Eagles and the Washington Redskins. Budd was an Olympic athlete who competed in the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, where he finished fifth in the finals of the 100 meter event and was part of the team that finished first in the 4×100 meter relay before being disqualified on a baton pass. He set the world record in the 100-yard dash with a time of 9.2 seconds in 1961, breaking the record that had been set by Mel Patton in 1948.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Born in Long Branch, New Jersey, Budd played high school football at Asbury Park High School in Asbury Park.

paragraph: He ran track at Villanova University but never played a down of college football. At Villanova he was coached by their legendary track coach James 'Jumbo' Elliott.

paragraph: Amazingly. Budd achieved his success despite a deformed right calf, the legacy of a childhood disease, possibly polio.

paragraph: Section::::Track career.

paragraph: Budd was considered the world's best 100 y/m sprinter in 1961. That year, he was to equal the world record for 100 y at 9.3 s, set a new world record at 9.2 s for that distance, and was a member of a team that set a world record in the 4 × 100 m relay of 39.1 s.

paragraph: Section::::Track career.:1960 Rome Olympics.

paragraph: Budd had finished second behind Ray Norton in the United States Olympic trials at 100 m in a closely fought contest between the first four finishers, all recording the same time of 10.4 s. At the Olympics themselves, Budd was to finish fifth in the final with perhaps his inexperience at major championships telling against him.

paragraph: Budd was to experience further disappointment in the 4 × 100 m relay. The United States team (of Budd-Norton-Stone Johnson-Dave Sime) finished first in a world record time of 39.4 s but were disqualified because the at the first exchange from Budd to Norton, Norton started too early and the exchange happened outside the changeover box. The West German team who finished second in 39.5 s received the gold medals and became the new world record holders.

paragraph: Section::::Track career.:World Records.

paragraph: In 1961, Budd was to equal twice the then world record for 100 y of 9.3 s:

paragraph: BULLET::::- on 6 May in Villanova;

paragraph: BULLET::::- on June 11 in Villanova (Note: this time was never ratified.)

paragraph: This record had stood since 1948 having first been set by Mel Patton and subsequently equaled by 12 other athletes.

paragraph: Then on June 24, 1961, Budd became the first man to run the 100 y in 9.2 s. He was competing in the AAU Championships at Downing Stadium in New York City.

paragraph: Further to this, on July 15, 1961, in a dual USA-USSR meet, Budd was a member of team that set a new world record for the 4 × 100 m relay of 39.1 s.

paragraph: The next year, 1962, he equaled the world record for 200 m/220 y on a straight track of 20.0 s. It is claimed that Budd, feeing a twinge in a muscle, was easing-up the last 70 m.

paragraph: Section::::Track career.:Rankings.

paragraph: Budd was ranked among the best in the US and the world in both the 100 and 200 m sprint events during the period 1960-62, according to the votes of the experts of "Track and Field News".

paragraph: Section::::Track career.:USA Championships.

paragraph: Budd achieved notable success at the AAU championships, the USA national championships.

paragraph: Section::::American football career.

paragraph: Budd was drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles in the seventh round of the 1962 NFL Draft and played for the Eagles in 1962 as a wide receiver. He played for the Washington Redskins in 1963 before switching to the Canadian Football League, where he played for the Calgary Stampeders.

paragraph: Budd had both sporting and financial reasons for giving up the chance of further glory on the track for the possibility of glory and wealth on the football field; as his wife, Barbera, has stated, "...you've got to remember that Frank loved football, too...He didn't think it was a mistake at all. There was no money available then in track. He'd been a terrific player at Asbury Park, and he thought, with all his speed (despite no college football experience), he'd have a long career in the NFL.".

paragraph: Section::::Accolades and awards.

paragraph: In 1995, Budd was one of the seven former Villanova athletes chosen to be a member of the first induction class of the Villanova Wall of Fame.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: Budd has been reported to have worked in later life for the New Jersey Department of Corrections and retired in 2002.

paragraph: A resident of Mount Laurel, New Jersey, Budd died on April 29, 2014, in the Marlton section of Evesham Township, New Jersey. He was 74.

description: American sprinter and football wide receiver

wikidata_label: Frank Budd

wikipedia_title: Frank Budd


text:
Austin
Texas
Snoop Dogg
Curren$y
Killa Kyleon
NXNE
The Brooklyn Hip-Hop Festival
Red Bull
Danny Brown
Yung Lean
Kirko Bangz
Sean Price
Nicki Minaj
Justin Bieber
Billboard Hot 100
Jones Beach Theater
Chuck D
Los Angeles
The Novo
Public Enemy
Ice-T
Naughty By Nature
Mobb Deep
EPMD
Lakewood Amphitheatre
Atlanta
Skyzoo
Yelawolf
Pac Div
A.Dd+
Cory Kendrix
Max Frost
GLC
Tank Washington
Austin City Limits Festival
Paul McCartney
Metallica
Travis Scott
Khalid

categories: African-American male rappers,African-American record producers,Year of birth missing (living people),Record producers from Texas,American hip hop musicians,Singers from Texas,American male singers,African-American songwriters,21st-century American singers,People from Austin, Texas,Rappers from Texas,African-American singers,American contemporary R&B singers,American hip hop record producers,Alternative hip hop musicians,Living people,African-American male singers,21st-century American rappers,American hip hop singers,Songwriters from Texas,Musicians from Austin, Texas,Southern hip hop musicians

paragraph: Kydd (rapper)

paragraph: Randell "Kydd" Jones is an American hiphop/R&B artist from Austin, Texas.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In 2013, Kydd performed alongside acts such as Snoop Dogg, Curren$y & Killa Kyleon. Jones performed at NXNE and The Brooklyn Hip-Hop Festival in 2014 as well as Red Bull Sound Select shows with Danny Brown & Yung Lean while producing for Kirko Bangz on "Progression V". During 2015, he released two singles: Patience and Blink Away with Sean Price; he also performed with Nicki Minaj and Justin Bieber for the Billboard Hot 100 Fest at Jones Beach Theater. After being personally picked by Chuck D to open for The Hip Hop Gods Tour in Los Angeles at The Novo (formerly Club Nokia), Kydd opened for The Art Of Rap Fest with Public Enemy, Ice-T, Naughty By Nature, Mobb Deep & EPMD at the Lakewood Amphitheatre in Atlanta during 2016. He released "Sounds In My Head 2: The Righteous Edition" later that year with features from Skyzoo, Yelawolf, Pac Div, A.Dd+, Cory Kendrix, Max Frost, GLC & Tank Washington. In 2018, Kydd released an album entitled "Homecoming", an EP with producer Insightful of Soulection, and performed at Austin City Limits Festival 2018 with acts like Paul McCartney, Metallica, Travis Scott, Khalid & others.

description: American rapper

wikidata_label: Kydd

wikipedia_title: Kydd (rapper)


text:
recording engineer
Guillermo Klein
Ralph Peterson Jr.
Antonio Sanchez
Tony Malaby
Ben Monder
Avishai Cohen
Dave Samuels
Sam Sadigursky
Frank London
Barry Altschul
Daniel Tinte
New York City Ballet
Latin Grammys
tango
folklore
Latin
UNESCO
Guillermo Klein
Ricardo Montaner
Los Piojos
El Bordo
Daniel Tinte
Barry Altschul
Erik Friedlander
Tony Malaby
Avishai Cohen
Dave Samuels
Official site

categories: Argentine record producers,Living people

paragraph: Luis Bacqué

paragraph: Luis Bacqué is a recording engineer, musician, and record producer based in New York City.

paragraph: Grammy and Latin Grammy recording academy voting member, he has recorded and/or mixed musicians such as Guillermo Klein, Felix Peikli, Diego Urcola, Ralph Peterson Jr., Antonio Sanchez, Nate Wood, Omar Rodriguez-Lopez, Luis Perdomo, Aaron Goldberg, Leo Genovese, Lee Hogans, Tony Malaby, Ben Monder, Avishai Cohen, Dave Samuels, John Benitez, Emilio Teubal, Sam Sadigursky, Frank London, Andres Rotmistrovsky, Satoshi Takeishi, Ernesto Jodos, Juan Cruz de Urquiza, Barry Altschul, Daniel Tinte, and Juan "Pollo" Raffo.

paragraph: In 2018, he engineered "Nostalgias" by Bandoneon master and Violin extraordinaire Nick Danielson from the New York City Ballet orchestra. It was nominated for the Latin Grammys.

paragraph: He has also taken on the recording of other musical styles such as tango, folklore, rock, Latin and academic music. One album he produced, Silencio" by Infantino Group, was distinguished with the Trimarg UNESCO Award granted by the UNESCO. The albums "Trio" and "Jardín Seco", by pianist Ernesto Jodos, each won the Carlos Gardel Award for Best Jazz Album in 2008 and 2009 respectively. He recorded and mixed "Domador de Huellas" by Guillermo Klein. The album commemorates the music of "Cuchi" Leguizamón and was included in the Top Ten Best Albums by "The New York Times". In September 2017, he won the silver medal of the Global Music Awards for engineering and producing "After you are gone" on Felix Peikli and Joseph Doubleday album "It's showtime". Bacque was invited to record the "Real Book Argentina", a non-profit project that promotes jazz and improvisational Argentine composers.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Luis Bacqué was born on October 28, 1977. He graduated with a degree as a professional musician, with a specialization in technology applied to music from the EMC, a member of the Berklee International Network. Having obtained his degree, he founds Mandarina Música, a studio that would create a new space projected towards musicians from the New Argentine Jazz scene. Juan "Pollo" Raffo, arranger, composer and producer, recorded his two first solo albums with Bacqué and they began to work together as a team for third party productions.

paragraph: He has worked with Leopoldo Federico, Teresa Parodi, Julio Pane, Roque Narvaja, Ricardo Montaner, Los Piojos, and El Bordo. He has worked on the albums De este lado (Juan Cruz de Urquiza), Vigilia (Juan Cruz de Urquiza), Trio (Ernesto Jodos Trio), El Jardin Seco (Ernesto Jodos), La Palabra Kilometros (Jodos-Casassa), Electrohope (Javier Malosetti) Fantasias Animadas de Ayer y de Hoy (J P Arredondo), Vidrieras (Patricio Carposi), Misterioso (Escalandrum), Visiones (Escalandrum), Homenaje (Paula Shocron) El Enigma (Pablo Puntoriero Paula Shocron), Desarreglos (Mariano Otero), Sicomoro Trio (Sergio Verdinelli), Vetas (Argentos), Jazz Calchaqui (Daniel Tinte), Incafonismo (Daniel Tinte), Reset Nena Bis Blem (Tres Bien Ensamble), Lucecita (Lucio Balduini), Parabola (Hernan Merlo), 3:30 (Hill Greene-Ale Demogli), Guarda que viene el tren (Juan Pollo Raffo), Ludico (Alan Plachta), Ludico (Alan Plachta), Noviembre (Alan Plachta), La música esta prohibida (Nicolas Chientaroli) Viejo Cactus (Carlos Alvarez).

paragraph: In the year 2009, he left Mandarina Música and founded Southernsound. In 2010 he visited New York City to learn about recording and find opportunities for Argentinian jazz musicians. He edited, recorded, and mixed "Domador de Huellas" by Guillermo Klein. By the end of 2010 he had worked on albums that involved Juan Cruz de Urquiza, Santiago Bird, Eduardo Elia, Andrés Hayes, Tatiana Castro, Mariano Otero, Aaron Goldberg Trio, Barry Altschul, Paula Shocron Orchestra, and Alan Zimmermann Trio.

paragraph: In 2012 he moved to New York City. He recorded, mixed and mastered the Charlie Rosen Big Band, featuring lead singer Monet Sabel. He did sessions in the most important studios in NYC as Avatar Studios, Searsound and Systems Two.

paragraph: At the beginning of 2013 he worked on the Damian Allegretti – Erik Friedlander – Tony Malaby trio album recorded at Avatar Studios. In March 2013 he was chosen for mixing and mastering Diego Urcola's album with bassist Avishai Cohen and vibraphonist Dave Samuels.

paragraph: Section::::Awarded recordings engineered by Luis Bacque.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Unesco Trimarg 2004 Infantino Grupo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ernesto Jodos Trio - "Best Jazz Album" , Carlos Gardel Award winner, 2008

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ernesto Jodos "El Jardin Seco" - Best Jazz Album, Carlos Gardel Award winner, 2009

paragraph: BULLET::::- Felix Peikli - Joseph Doubleday "After You've Gone", jazz, production/producer and audio engineer Silver Medal, Global Music Awards, 2017

paragraph: Section::::Nominated recordings engineered by Luis Bacque.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paula Shocron "Homenaje" - Best Jazz Album, 2010 Carlos Gardel Award nominee

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daniel Binelli - Nick Danielson "Nostalgias" - 2018 Latin Grammy Award nominee. Best Tango Album

paragraph: BULLET::::- Camarada Tango Quintet - "Tango San Diego" - 2019 San Diego Music Awards nominee. Best World Music Album

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ignacio Montoya Carlotto “Todos los nombres, Todos los cielos” - Best World Music Instrumental Album, 2019 Carlos Gardel Award nominee

paragraph: Section::::Distinguished discography.

paragraph: Bell Ville

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daniel Binelli & Nick Danielson – Nostalgias, Latin Grammy Nominee 2018

paragraph: Sony Music

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ernesto Jodos – El Jardin seco, Carlos Gardel award Winner 2008

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ernesto Jodos – Trio, Carlos Gardel award Winner 2009

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ernesto Jodos – Carlos Casalla – La palabra Kilometros, Carlos Gardel Award pre–nominee 2010

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paula Shocron – Homenaje, Carlos Gardel Nominee 2010

paragraph: EMI – SJazz

paragraph: BULLET::::- Juan Cruz de Urquiza – de este lado, Carlos Gardel PreNominee 2005

paragraph: BULLET::::- Juan Cruz de Urquiza – vigilia

paragraph: BULLET::::- R Montaner Las mejores canciones del mundo (Nostalgias Recording) Platinum Record

paragraph: Sunny Side

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guillermo Klein – Domador de Huellas

paragraph: BULLET::::- Juan "Pollo" Raffo – Diatónicos Anónimos

paragraph: Live

paragraph: BULLET::::- Frank London & Roger Davidson at Spiegeltent, Red Hook, New York

paragraph: BULLET::::- Merkin Concert Hall Composers meeting, Manhattan New York

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bs As Jazz Festival

paragraph: BULLET::::- Argentos Coliseo Theatre – Bs As

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guillermo Klein – Homenaje al Cuchi en vivo en el IFT– Mix and Mastering Engineer IFT Theatre, Bs As.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roger Davidson – Live at Caffe Vivaldi V.1

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roger Davidson – Live at Caffe Vivaldi V.2

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roger Davidson – Live at Caffe Vivaldi V.3

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ada Rave – La Continuidad

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ainé – Generation One (mastering)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alan Plachta – Colectivo Argentino Uruguayo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alan Plachta – De todas las tardes

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alan Plachta – La fabrica de musica Vol. 1

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alan Plachta – Ludico

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alan Zimmerman Trio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Allegretti – Friedlander – Malaby

paragraph: BULLET::::- Andres Elstein – La Caja

paragraph: BULLET::::- Andres Hayes – Desde un Jardin

paragraph: BULLET::::- Argentos – 70s

paragraph: BULLET::::- Argentos – Vetas

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ariel Iud & Theresia Thylin – La Milonga del Chapinero – Vetas

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carlos Alvarez – "Otro Jardin"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carlos Alvarez – "Viejo Cactus"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carlos Pavan – Suite del interior

paragraph: BULLET::::- Compañero Asmah – Respira

paragraph: BULLET::::- Damian Fogiel Quinteto (recorded with Pablo Lopez Ruiz)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daniel Tinte – Incafonismo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daniel Tinte – Jazz Calchaqui

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daniela Horovitz – Y de amor no supe nada

paragraph: BULLET::::- Danilo Milberg – Que dificil es la vida facil (recorded and mixed with Pablo Lopez Ruiz)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Defne Sahin – Unravel

paragraph: BULLET::::- Diego Urcola – Mates (mixing, mastering)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eden Bareket Trio – Choices (recording, mixing, mastering)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eduardo Elia Trio

paragraph: BULLET::::- El Cuatriyo – El Cuatriyo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elefante – Elefante

paragraph: BULLET::::- Emilio Teubal – Musica para un dragon dormido (recording, mixing, mastering )

paragraph: BULLET::::- Emilio Teubal – Un Monton de Notas (mixing)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ernesto Jodos – "El Jardin Seco"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ernesto Jodos – "Fragmentos del mundo"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ernesto Jodos – "Trio"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Escalandrum – Misterioso

paragraph: BULLET::::- Escalandrum – Visiones

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ezequiel Chino Pizza – Adrenalina

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fabian Bulloti – Musica de Cañerias

paragraph: BULLET::::- Felicia Temple – The Balancing Act

paragraph: BULLET::::- Felix Peikli – Royal Flush

paragraph: BULLET::::- Felix Peikli & Joe Doubleday – It's Showtime

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fernanda Lanza – One

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fernando Otero – Romance

paragraph: BULLET::::- Francisco Cossavella – El Limite de la Conciencia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Francisco Slepoy – Nuevo Snark

paragraph: BULLET::::- Frank London and Glass House Orchestra – Astro–Hungarian Jewish Music (mixing, mastering)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gabriela Martina – No White Shoes (mixing)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gerardo Scaglione – Contrabajisimo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hernan Mandelman – Amistad

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hernan Mandelman – Detras de esa puerta

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hernan Merlo – Parabola

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hill Greene Alejandro demogli Oscar Giunta – 3:30 (recording Eng)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ignacio Rivas Bixio – Plasticity

paragraph: BULLET::::- Infantino Grupo – Silencio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Javier Ascencio – Ciclos

paragraph: BULLET::::- Javier Malosetti – Electrohope (mixing)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jim Piela - Out of Orbit

paragraph: BULLET::::- Juan "Pollo" Raffo – Diatónicos Anónimos (recording)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Juan "Pollo" Raffo – Guarda que viene el tren (recording)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Juan Cruz de Urquiza – De este Lado

paragraph: BULLET::::- Juan Cruz de Urquiza – Trias

paragraph: BULLET::::- Juan Cruz de Urquiza – Vigilia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Juan Manuel Bayon – Trance

paragraph: BULLET::::- Juan Pablo Arredondo – Fantasias animadas de ayer y de hoy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Juan Pablo Hernandez – La memoria de los sueños

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kenia – On we Go

paragraph: BULLET::::- La Mujer Barbuda (recording)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Luis Lascano – Some Trips

paragraph: BULLET::::- Luis Nacht – Lo Invisible

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marcelo del Paggio – Completa Luz

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maria Eva Albistur – Flash (single) (Mix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maria Eva Albistur – Mas ahora que despues (mix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mariana Iranzi – Hola Hello (mastering)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mariana Iranzi – La Primavera

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mariano Bertolini

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mariano Loiacono – I knew it

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mariano Otero – Desarreglos

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mariano Otero – Rojo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Martin Lopez Grande – Manifiesto

paragraph: BULLET::::- Martin Lozano – Olasi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matias Mendez – Bass Boost (mix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matias Mormandi (recording)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mauricio Dawid – Sonora

paragraph: BULLET::::- Michael Sarian – Leon

paragraph: BULLET::::- Michael Sarian – Subtitles

paragraph: BULLET::::- Michael Sarian – The Escape Suite

paragraph: BULLET::::- Miguel Crozzoli – Ciclos de Luz

paragraph: BULLET::::- Monet Sabel & The Charlie Rosen Big Band (recording, mixing,mastering)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nicolas Chientaroli – La musica esta prohibida

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nicolas Chientaroli – Viajeramente

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nicolas Ospina – Girando para atras

paragraph: BULLET::::- Or Bareket – OB1

paragraph: BULLET::::- Orquesta Jungla

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oscar Feldman – Gol

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pablo Aslan – Contrabajo (recording)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pablo Diaz Cuarteto

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pablo Valotta – Barrio Oscuro

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pablo Valotta – Musica de camaradas

paragraph: BULLET::::- Patricio Carposi – Vidrieras (recording)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paul Gee – Gameface (mastering)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paula Shocron – Homenaje

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paula Shocron – Orquesta

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paula Shocron Pablo Puntoriero – El Enigma

paragraph: BULLET::::- Raphael Malfliet – Noumenon (mastering)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Raul Jaurena – Five Senses Suite (mixing, mastering)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Real Book Argentina (recording)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rema Hasumi – Utazata (mastering)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Resistencia Chaco – Una puerta roja en algún lugar de la república checa Argentina

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ricardo Montaner – Las Mejores Canciones del mundo (Nostalgias recording)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richard Nant – Leyenda

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richard Nant & Alan Plachta – Un Viaje

paragraph: BULLET::::- RIE (Mix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roger Davidson – Live at Vivaldi Vol. 1 (mastering)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roger Davidson – Live at Vivaldi Vol. 2

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roger Davidson – Live at Vivaldi Vol. 3

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roger Davidson – Music from the Heart

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roger Davidson – Te Extraño Buenos Aires

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roger Davidson Trio + Hendrik Meurkens – Prayer for Tomorrow

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ruben Casco – Aqui voy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sales de Baño – Estrangulado el mundo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Santiago de Francisco – Chango

paragraph: BULLET::::- Santiago Leibson – Out of Orden

paragraph: BULLET::::- Santiago Leibson Trio – Amon

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sergio Verdinelli – Sicomoro Trio (recording)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shawn Lovato – Cycles of animation (mastering)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sofia Ribeiro & Andres Rotmistrovsky – Lilas

paragraph: BULLET::::- Steven Feifke – Peace in Time

paragraph: BULLET::::- Todd Neufeld – Mu'u (mastering)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tres Bien Ensamble – Reset nena bis blem

paragraph: BULLET::::- Underground Mafia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zully Goldfarb – Ciudad de nostalgias

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zully Goldfarb – Tangos en Idish

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official site

description: Recording engineer

wikidata_label: Luis Bacqué

wikipedia_title: Luis Bacqué


text: Stadtsteinach

text: Plassenburg

text: Meissen

text: Plauen

text: Gera

text: Greiz

text: Schleiz

text: Bad Lobenstein

text: Toužim

text: Andělská Hora Castle

text: Žlutice

text: Lázně Kynžvart

text: Bečov nad Teplou

text: Anhalt-Köthen

text: Krásný Dvůr

text: Mašťov

text: Wittum

text: Štědrá

text: Ferdinand

text: fief

text: Frederick the Warlike

text: House of Wettin

text: Imperial Diet

text: Schenks

text: Diet of Augsburg

text: Charles V

text: Torgau

text: Ernestine

text: John Frederick the Magnanimous

text: Gera

text: Vogtland

text: Schmalkaldic War

text: Albertine

text: Maurice of Saxony

text: imperial ban

text: Battle of Mühlberg

text: Capitulation of Wittenberg

text: Schmalkaldic War

text: Bečov nad Teplou

text: Reuss

text: Diet of Augsburg

text: Plauen

text: Oelsnitz

text: Pausa

text: governor

text: Maurice of Saxony

text: Peace of Passau

text: Győr

text: Nordhausen

text: Battle of Sievershausen

text: Hof

text: Georg Wolf

text: Kotzau

text: governor

text: Plassenburg

text: Kulmbach

text: Stadtsteinach

text: Plauen

text: Nicholas I

text: Salm

text: Henry V, Burgrave of Plauen

text: Henry VI, Burgrave of Plauen

paragraph: Henry IV, Burgrave of Plauen

paragraph: Henry IV of Plauen (1510, probably on 24 August, Hartenštejn Castle – 19 May 1554, Stadtsteinach, during the siege of the Plassenburg), was Colonel Chancellor of the Kingdom of Bohemia, Burgrave of Meissen, Lord of Plauen, Gera, Greiz, Schleiz and Bad Lobenstein, Lord of Toužim, Hartenštejn Castle, Andělská Hora Castle and Žlutice. He also used the traditional title of Lord of Lázně Kynžvart and, apart from an intermezzo in 1547, he was Lord of Bečov nad Teplou as well.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Henry IV was a member of the elder line of the House of Plauen. He was the son of Burgrave Henry III of Plauen († 1519) from his second marriage to Barbara of Anhalt-Köthen (1487-1532/33).

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Youth.

paragraph: After the death of his father, Henry grew up first under the care of his mother, and, after her remarriage in 1521, under the supervision of a guardian specially appointed by his mother: Zdenko Leo Rosenthal, the High Burgrave to the crown of Bohemia, on Hartenštejn Castle. According to his father's testament of 27 February 1515 Hartenštejn wasonly for him and could not be regarded as part of the dowry of a possible remarriage of his mother. In June 1528 his mother, Barbara divorced from John the Younger of Kolovrat to Mašťov and called herself Burgravine of Meissen again. She left her estate Krásný Dvůr in Mašťov and went first to Toužim and later, in August 1529, back to her Wittum Štědrá Castle. Henry asked to join him in Hartenštejn, but she refused.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:At the court in Prague.

paragraph: His guardian brought him in time to the court in Prague. On 5 April 1530 King Ferdinand reaffirmed the Burgraviate of Meissen as Henry's fief. He wasn't concerned about the Meissen lands: immediately after the death of the last member of the House of Meinhering, the Meissen lands had been seized by troops of Elector Frederick the Warlike of Saxony of the House of Wettin. Henry was concerned about the title and the position associated with it and the seat in the Imperial Diet he was entitled to as sovereign prince. In 1530, Henry accompanied King Ferdinand as one of the four Schenks to the Diet of Augsburg. On 19 September 1530 Emperor Charles V confirmed his fief. In the summer of 1532 Henry married Margaret, Countess of Salm and Neuburg. The young couple moved in August 1532 to the Andělská Hora Castle. Before Henry had convinced his mother to leave her Wittum and join them. However, she died about half a year later.

paragraph: In 1532 Henry's territory consisted of four baronies: Toužim, Hartenštejn, Andělská Hora and Prohor. In 1537 Prohor again belonged to Toužim and Hartenštejn and Andělská Hora had been united: an interest an income tax register from this period calls it Andělská-Hartenštejn. In July 1537 Henry succeeded in purchasing the barony of Luditz rule. Though it was small, it nicely rounded out his territory.

paragraph: Also in July 1537, negotiations in Torgau, chaired by the Ernestine Elector John Frederick the Magnanimous, led to a contract of inheritance was agreed with the Lords Reuss of Plauen at Greiz about who would inherit Gera in case the Lord of Gera would die childless. On 7 August 1550, Henry of Gera died childless at Castle Burgk, and Henry IV inherited his fief. From that point, Henry IV, in fact owned all of the Vogtland, the fief that King Ferdinand had assigned to him. His whole life, Henry IV had to defend himself in quarrels with his half brother Henry the Bastard and after the end of the Schmalkaldic War, he had to deal with litigation by the Reuss family, who tried to regain the Lordship of Gera.

paragraph: On 22 January 1542, King Ferdinand appointed Henry IV to High Chancellor of the Crown of Bohemia, King's Counsel and Treasurer.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Schmalkaldic war.

paragraph: Henry was instrumental in the Treaty of Prague that was sealed on 14 November 1546 between King Ferdinand of Bohemia and the Albertine Duke Maurice of Saxony, implementing the imperial ban against the Ernestine electors of Saxony. As High Chancellor of Bohemia, Henry participated on the side of Ferdinand and his brother, Emperor Charles V in the Battle of Mühlberg on 24 April 1547 and in the Capitulation of Wittenberg on 19 May 1547 that ended the Schmalkaldic War. In the same position he was in Prague in late June 1547, where Ferdinand held the Bohemian Diet, which became known as "the bloody" in history, in which Ferdinand judged over the Bohemian estates and rebellious nobles. From confiscated lands, Henry received the castle and town Bečov nad Teplou, which his great-grandfather had bought in 1410 and which his father had sold in 1495 to Lord Pflugk. However, Ferdinand demanded it back shortly thereafter. In September 1547 Henry's troops occupied the castle of Greiz and drove out the princes of the Reuss. On 24 May 1548, by deed of Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Augsburg, Henry IV was made "Imperial Princely Burgrave of Meissen". On 21 January 1549, King Ferdinand issued a solemn Patent to Henry of Reuss and Gera. This made Henry officially Lord of Greiz and Gera. The deeds for the purchase of the Lordship of Plauen, Oelsnitz and the district of Pausa followed soon after, on 10 April 1549.

paragraph: In the summer of 1551 Henry had a time off from his job as Chancellor for the first time in many years and could dedicate himself to his traditional Bohemian dominions and the new dominions in the Vogtland. He called representatives of all Vogtland estates to a common diet in Schleiz he opened on 28 July 1551. In Plauen he established a governor as the supreme authority for all Vogtland estates. For Greiz he issued on 8 September 1551 his first regulation of the judiciary and of the police. On 11 September, these were followed by a drink tax and the "Imperial penny" regulation. In Mid-October, he left the Vogtland, first went to Prague and then to Vienna. He never returned to his Vogtland possessions. Although a Catholic is while life, he fought all attempts at Contra-Reformation of his Vogtland barons, promoted the Protestant Church and in 1552 he adopted a burgraviate Church Constitution, designed by the Protestant superintendent of Plauen.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Peace of Passau and combat against Albert Alcibiades.

paragraph: On 15 and 16 March 1552, Henry IV met Elector Maurice of Saxony in Leipzig and prepared him for a meeting between Maurice and Ferdinand, which took place on 18 April 1552 in Linz. They agreed on principles that formed the foundation for an agreement reached in Passau on 22 Juli 1552. King Ferdinand then asked Henry IV to convince Emperor Charles V and the latter signed the Peace of Passau on 15 August in Munich.

paragraph: During the subsequent Turkish military campaign, Heinrich stayed until the end of November in Győr. As High Chancellor of Bohemia, Henry IV was actively involved in establishing peace throughout the empire.

paragraph: On 29 June 1553 Henry and Maurice met in Nordhausen and discussed final details of their action against Margrave Albrecht II Alcibiades of Brandenburg-Kulmbach. Shortly thereafter, on 9 July 1553, Maurice was mortally wounded in the Battle of Sievershausen. Henry now took over the role of the leader of the allies against Albert Alcibiades. On 7 August, Henry began the siege of Hof. On 28 September the city was captured, but on 11 October it was recaptured by Albert's troops. On 27 November the allies captured Hof again. Henry IV appointed Georg Wolf of Kotzau as governor of Hof. Then the siege of the Plassenburg near Kulmbach began, during which, on the morning of 19 May 1554, Henry IV died in Stadtsteinach. On 24 May he was buried, according to his last wishes in the St John's Church in Plauen.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and Issue.

paragraph: Henry married before 29 August 1532 Margaret, daughter of Count Nicholas I of Salm and Neuburg, with whom he had two sons:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry V, Burgrave of Plauen (1533–1568), Burgrave of Meissen

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry VI, Burgrave of Plauen (1536–1572), Burgrave of Meissen,

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Berthold Schmidt: "The Russias, genealogy of the entire House of Reuss older and younger line, and the extinct Vogt lines of Weida, Gera and Plauen and the Burgraves of Meissen from the House of Plauen", Schleiz, 1903.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Berthold Schmidt: "Count Henry IV of Meissen, High Chancellor of the Crown of Bohemia and his government in the Vogtland", Gera 1888.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Berthold Schmidt: "History of the land of Reuss", vols. 1 and 2, Gera, 1923 and 1927.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Richter: "On the genealogy and history of the Burgraves of Meissen and Counts of Hartenstein from the elder House of Plauen", in: "Sächsische Heimatblätter", May 1992.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Richter: "Count Henry IV of Meissen, Count of Hartenstein, Lord of Plauen and Gera - "The conqueror of Hof"", in: "History"on the Upper Main Volume 19, Lichtenfels, 1993/94, p. 47-55.

description: army leader, Chancellor of the Kingdom of Bohemia and Burgrave of Meissen

wikidata_label: Henry IV, Burgrave of Plauen

wikipedia_title: Henry IV, Burgrave of Plauen


text: Braunfels

text: Slawentzitz

text: Major General

text: Solms-Laubach

text: Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz

text: Prince Louis Charles of Prussia

text: Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover

text: Kinsky

text: Albert of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt

text: morganatic marriage

text: Loewenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg

categories: People from Braunfels,House of Solms-Braunfels,German princes,1814 deaths,People from Solms-Braunfels,1770 births

paragraph: Prince Frederick William of Solms-Braunfels (22 October 1770 in Braunfels – 13 April 1814 in Slawentzitz) was a Prussian Major General.

paragraph: He was the fourth son of Ferdinand William Ernest, 2nd Prince of Solms-Braunfels (1721–1783) and Countess Sophie Christine Wilhelmine of Solms-Laubach (1741–1772).

paragraph: He became known mainly through his marriage to Princess Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz. She was the widow of Prince Louis Charles of Prussia (1773–1796). When she became pregnant in 1798, he married her in order to avoid a scandal. The daughter died soon after birth. Frederick William was alleged to have been strongly inclined to consume alcohol and had to quit military service in 1805 for health reasons. He also lost his income and even his brother advised Frederica to divorce. She was initially against it, but when in 1813, she met Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover (1771–1851), she, too, wanted the divorce. Before they got around to it, however, Frederick William died, in 1814 in Sławięcice.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and issue.

paragraph: From his marriage to Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, the following children are known:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Caroline of Solms-Braunfels (born: 27 February 1799; died: 20 October 1799)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Unnamed child (1800–1800).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Unnamed child (1800–1800).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince Frederick William Henry of Solms-Braunfels (1801–1868); married in 1831 Countess Maria Anna Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (1809–1892).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Sophie of Solms-Braunfels (1803–1803).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Louise Auguste of Solms-Braunfels (1804–1865); married in 1827 Prince Albert of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (1867 Prince) (1798–1869).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince Alexander Frederick Louis of Solms-Braunfels (1807–1867); married in 1863 Baroness Louise of Landsberg-Velen (1835–1894).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince Frederick William "Carl" of Solms-Braunfels (1812–1875); married firstly from 1834-1841 (morganatic marriage) Louise Beyrich, and secondly, in 1845, Princess Sophie of Loewenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg (1814–1876).

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.thepeerage.com/p10584.htm#I105840

description: Prussian major general


text:
Arizona Territory
Jefferson, Maine
Prescott, Arizona
Republican
Fifty-fourth
Fifty-seventh
Coronado, California
San Diego, California
Congress Mine
Sasco smelter
Castle Hot Springs
Santa Fe Railroad

categories: Educators from Wisconsin,1908 deaths,American people of Irish descent,Governors of Arizona Territory,Arizona Republicans,1849 births,Delegates to the United States House of Representatives from Arizona Territory,Arizona pioneers,People from Lincoln County, Maine,Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives,19th-century American politicians

paragraph: Oakes Murphy

paragraph: Nathan Oakes Murphy (October 14, 1849 – August 22, 1908) was the tenth and fourteenth Governor of Arizona Territory.

paragraph: Born in Jefferson, Maine, Murphy attended the public schools.

paragraph: He taught school in Wisconsin.

paragraph: He went to the western frontier and finally settled in Prescott, Arizona, in April 1883 where he engaged in mining and the real estate business.

paragraph: Secretary to the Governor of Arizona Territory in 1885.

paragraph: He was appointed secretary of Arizona Territory March 21, 1889.

paragraph: He served as delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1892.

paragraph: Governor of Arizona Territory 1892-1894.

paragraph: Murphy was elected as a Republican to the Fifty-fourth Congress (March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1897).

paragraph: He was not a candidate for renomination in 1896.

paragraph: Again Governor of Arizona Territory and served from 1898 to 1902, when he resigned.

paragraph: He was an unsuccessful Republican candidate for election in 1900 to the Fifty-seventh Congress.

paragraph: He died in Coronado, California, August 22, 1908.

paragraph: He was interred in the Masonic Cemetery, San Diego, California but reinterred at Rock Creek Cemetery (DC) in December 1909.

paragraph: Section::::Frank Murphy.

paragraph: Oakes' brother, Frank, was the owner of the Congress Mine, the Sasco smelter, and the (MEOW) builder of Castle Hot Springs. He also worked on what is now the Santa Fe Railroad, in northern Arizona.

description: American politician

wikidata_label: Oakes Murphy

wikipedia_title: Oakes Murphy


text:
U.S. Representative
Kentucky
Harrodsburg, Kentucky
University of Kentucky
Lexington, Kentucky
Civil War
Confederate States Army
admitted to the bar
Democrat
Forty-sixth
Forty-seventh
Forty-eighth
Department of War
1884 Democratic National Convention
New York City
Washington, D.C.
Harrodsburg, Kentucky

categories: 1845 births,1909 deaths,University of Kentucky alumni,Kentucky Democrats,Confederate States Army soldiers,Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives,Kentucky lawyers,People from Harrodsburg, Kentucky,Members of the United States House of Representatives from Kentucky,Kentucky Commonwealth's Attorneys

paragraph: Philip B. Thompson Jr.

paragraph: Philip Burton Thompson Jr. (October 15, 1845 – December 15, 1909) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky.

paragraph: Born in Harrodsburg, Kentucky, Thompson attended the common schools and the University of Kentucky in Lexington, Kentucky.

paragraph: During the Civil War, he entered the Confederate States Army at the age of sixteen and served throughout the war.

paragraph: He studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1866, and commenced practice in Harrodsburg.

paragraph: He was city attorney of Harrodsburg from 1867 to 1869.

paragraph: In 1869, he was appointed Commonwealth attorney for the thirteenth judicial district of Kentucky. He was subsequently elected and served until 1874.

paragraph: He was reelected in 1874 and served until 1878, when he resigned, having been elected to Congress.

paragraph: Thompson was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-sixth, Forty-seventh, and Forty-eighth Congresses (March 4, 1879 – March 3, 1885).

paragraph: He served as chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in the Department of War (Forty-eighth Congress).

paragraph: He served as delegate to the 1884 Democratic National Convention.

paragraph: He moved to New York City and resumed the practice of law.

paragraph: He died in Washington, D.C., December 15, 1909 and was interred in Spring Hill Cemetery, Harrodsburg, Kentucky.

description: American politician

wikidata_label: Philip B. Thompson, Jr.

wikipedia_title: Philip B. Thompson Jr.


text:
U.S. Representative
California
Minot
Androscoggin (then Cumberland) County
Maine
Hebron Academy
Bethel, Maine
Medford, Massachusetts
admitted to the bar
San Francisco, California
Republican
Fifty-second
Joseph McKenna
Fifty-third
Warren B. English
Fifty-fourth
Fifty-fifth
Washington, D.C.

categories: United States Attorneys for the District of California,Members of the United States House of Representatives from California,Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives,1834 births,People from Minot, Maine,1899 deaths,19th-century American politicians,California Republicans,Tufts University alumni

paragraph: Samuel G. Hilborn

paragraph: Samuel Greeley Hilborn (December 9, 1834 – April 19, 1899) was a U.S. Representative from California.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Born in Minot, Androscoggin (then Cumberland) County, Maine, Hilborn attended the common schools, Hebron Academy, and Gould's Academy, Bethel, Maine, and was graduated from Tufts College, Medford, Massachusetts, in 1859.

paragraph: He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1861.

paragraph: He moved to California, Vallejo, Solano County, and engaged in the practice of law.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He served in the State senate 1875-1879.

paragraph: He served as member of the constitutional convention in 1879.

paragraph: He moved to San Francisco, California, in 1883.

paragraph: He was appointed by President Arthur United States district attorney for the district of California and served from 1883 to 1886.

paragraph: He moved to Oakland in 1887 and continued the practice of his profession.

paragraph: Hilborn was elected as a Republican to the Fifty-second Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Joseph McKenna.

paragraph: Presented credentials as a Member-elect to the Fifty-third Congress and served from December 5, 1892, until April 4, 1894, when he was succeeded by Warren B. English, who contested his election.

paragraph: Hilborn was elected to the Fifty-fourth and Fifty-fifth Congresses (March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1899).

paragraph: He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1898.

paragraph: Section::::Later life and death.

paragraph: He lived in retirement until his death in Washington, D.C., April 19, 1899.

paragraph: He was interred in Rock Creek Cemetery.

description: American politician

wikidata_label: Samuel G. Hilborn

wikipedia_title: Samuel G. Hilborn


text: other names

text: bishop

text: saint

text: pope

text: King Lucius

text: Christianity

text: St Deruvian

text: apostle

text: Pope Eleutherius

text: bishops

text: St Davids

text: Wales

text: abbey

text: Glastonbury

text: England

text: Geoffrey

text: Monmouth

text: pseudohistorical

text: History of the Kings of Britain

text: SS

text: English Reformation

text: Catholics

text: Protestants

text: Roman Britain

text: Romano-British

text: chieftain

text: St Fagans

text: Cardiff

text: Welsh National History Museum

text: feast day

text: calendar of the saints

text: Anglican

text: Catholic

text: Orthodox

text: Wales

text: William of Malmesbury

text: Geoffrey of Monmouth

text: pseudo-historical

text: History of the Kings of Britain

text: Latin

text: pagan

text: French

text: faggoter

text: Old English

text: Wade-Evans

text: rhetorician

text: life

text: Saint Cadoc

text: Pope Eleutherius

text: Petrus de Natalibus

text: saints' lives

text: Platina

text: Pope

text: Eleutherius

text: mission

text: apocryphal

text: King

text: Lucius

text: Britain

text: Lles ap Coel

text: recension

text: The Book of Popes

text: Bede

text: History of the Britons

text: Nennius

text: William of Malmesbury

text: Deeds of the Kings of the English

text: William

text: Geoffrey of Monmouth

text: History of the Kings of Britain

text: St David's

text: Pope Honorius II

text: Gerald of Wales

text: Book of Invectives

text: St Gildas

text: Aurelius Ambrosius

text: Iolo Manuscripts

text: Edward Williams

text: Robinson

text: St Patrick

text: Henry of Blois

text: Bartrum

text: Baring-Gould

text: Rees

text: Mullins

text: Deruvian

text: King

text: Lucius

text: Britain

text: Christianity

text: Roman Emperor

text: Antoninus Pius

text: Marcus Aurelius

text: general tolerance towards the religion

text: St Gildas

text: apostles

text: emperor

text: Tiberius

text: St Philip

text: wattle

text: chapel of St Mary

text: Pope Eleutherius

text: Westminster

text: Joseph of Arimathea

text: Deruvian

text: Archangel Gabriel

text: Acts of the Apostles

text: pilgrims

text: indulgence

text: St Davids

text: Canterbury

text: Bishop Bernard

text: Great Persecution

text: Diocletian

text: flamen

text: archflamen

text: London

text: Loegria

text: Cornwall

text: York

text: Deira

text: Albania

text: Caerleon

text: Wales

text: Menevia

text: suffragan

text: Britannia Prima

text: Wales

text: Britannia Secunda

text: Kent

text: Valentia

text: Scotland

text: Mercia

text: York

text: Book of Llandaff

text: Elvan

text: Medwin

text: Elfan

text: Medwy

text: Rome

text: Congresbury

text: Tydenton

text: Iolo Manuscripts

text: Italian

text: bishop

text: St Fagans

text: Cardiff

text: Llanmaes

text: Llantwit Major

text: parish church

text: Saint Mary

text: Saint Cadoc

text: Dyfan

text: Bartrum

text: bishop of Llandaff

text: martyr

text: Merthyr Dyfan

text: Baring-Gould

text: chorepiscopi

text: Rees

text: parish churches

text: Llandaff

text: apostles

text: Bartrum

text: St Fagans

text: Cardiff

text: Wales

text: Norman invasion of Wales

text: St Mary the Blessed Virgin

text: Grade II*

text: listed building

text: John Leland

text: English Civil War

text: Well

text: the falling sickness

text: St Fagan's Church

text: Trecynon

text: Aberdare

text: Glamorgan

text: John Griffith

text: St John the Baptist

text: St Elvan's

text: festival

text: calendar of the saints

text: John Sugar

text: British Catholicism

text: Glastonbury

text: Llandaff

text: This last date

text: Eastern Orthodox

text: Thyateira and Great Britain

text: denominations

text: St Fagan's Parish

categories: 2nd-century Christian saints,Welsh Roman Catholic saints

paragraph: Fagan (saint)

paragraph: Fagan (; ), also known by other names including Fugatius, was a legendary 2nd-century Welsh bishop and saint, said to have been sent by the pope to answer King Lucius's request for baptism and conversion to Christianity. Together with his companion St Deruvian, he was sometimes reckoned as the apostle of Britain.

paragraph: King Lucius's letter (in most accounts, to Pope Eleutherius) may represent earlier traditions but does not appear in surviving sources before the 6th century; the names of the bishops sent to him does not appear in sources older than the early 12th century, when their story was used to support the independence of the bishops of St Davids in Wales and the antiquity of the abbey at Glastonbury in England. The story became widely known following its appearance in Geoffrey of Monmouth's pseudohistorical "History of the Kings of Britain". This was influential for centuries and its account of SS Fagan and Deruvian were used during the English Reformation to support the claims of both the Catholics and Protestants. Geoffrey's account is now considered wholly implausible, but Christianity was well-established in Roman Britain by the third century. Some scholars therefore argue the stories preserve a more modest account of the conversion of a Romano-British chieftain, possibly by Roman emissaries by these names.

paragraph: Fagan is the presumed namesake of St Fagans near Cardiff, now the home of a Welsh National History Museum. His feast day does not appear in any medieval Welsh calendar of the saints and is not observed by the Anglican, Catholic, or Orthodox churches in Wales.

paragraph: Section::::Name.

paragraph: St Fagan's name appears as "Phagan" () in William of Malmesbury's work "On the Antiquity of the Glastonbury Church", written between 1129 and 1139. It is given as "Fagan" (') in Geoffrey of Monmouth's pseudo-historical "History of the Kings of Britain", written around 1136 and sometimes supposed to have been the source of the name's later insertion into William's account. The name has been variously connected with Latin "paganus" ("rural, pagan"), French "faguin" ("faggoter, wood gatherer"), and Old English "fagin" ("joyful"). Wade-Evans proposed that the name was a confusion with the Italo-British rhetorician Bachan or Pachan"' who appears in the life of Saint Cadoc.

paragraph: The entry on Pope Eleutherius in Petrus de Natalibus's late 14th-century collection of saints' lives gives Fagan's name as "Fugatius", an emendation subsequently copied by Platina and many others. These names were further misspelled in later sources in a variety of ways.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: The story of Pope Eleutherius's late-2nd-century mission to the apocryphal King Lucius of Britain (Welsh: Lles ap Coel) dates to at least the 6th-century recension of "The Book of Popes" known as the "Felician Catalog" but the names of the missionaries themselves don't seem to have appeared before the 12th century. They aren't given by Bede's 8th-century "Ecclesiastical History of the English People" or by the 9th-century "History of the Britons" traditionally credited to Nennius. William of Malmesbury's 'third edition' of the "Deeds of the Kings of the English" () records of the priests sent to Lucius that "the rust of antiquity may have obliterated their names".

paragraph: However, the work "On the Antiquity of the Glastonbury Church", initially written by William between 1129 and 1139, and Geoffrey of Monmouth's "History of the Kings of Britain" both include the names of Fagan and his companion. A contemporaneous or even earlier source is the letter of the convent of St David's to Pope Honorius II preserved in Gerald of Wales's "Book of Invectives" which appears to date from the 1120s. Geoffrey claimed to have derived his own account from a 6th-century treatise by St Gildas on "the victory of Aurelius Ambrosius"; given the content of his story, the claim is generally discounted. After these, the story began to be broadly repeated. Further details appeared in the Iolo Manuscripts collected by Edward Williams, although his many alterations and forgeries render their historicity suspect.

paragraph: The discrepancy in William's accounts led Robinson to conclude that the appearance of the missionaries' names in the earlier book was a spurious addition by the abbey's scribes, of a piece with the passages in the present text that include a patently fraudulent "Charter of St Patrick", that describe Abbot Henry of Blois ( 1171) as "of blessed memory", and that mention a fire which occurred at the abbey in 1184. Robinson and Bartrum proceed to treat Fagan as an invention of Geoffrey subsequently taken up by others. Baring-Gould, Rees, and Mullins modify this somewhat: while admitting the general falsehood of the account in Geoffrey, they suggest that the "names" of Fagan and his companions were probably genuine but that—in the absence of more detailed surviving records—they had been taken up and added to the legendary accounts of King Lucius.

paragraph: Section::::Legend.

paragraph: Accounts of St Fagan and his companion Deruvian joined a long-standing narrative concerning King Lucius of Britain and his conversion to Christianity around the time of the Roman Emperors Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius, a time of general tolerance towards the religion. St Gildas had described the first apostles as arriving during the reign of the emperor Tiberius. William of Malmesbury's cautious account in the "Deeds of the Kings of the English" allows that St Philip may have reached the island but quickly leaves such "vain imaginations" in favor of praising the ancient wattle chapel of St Mary erected by Pope Eleutherius's nameless missionaries, which he called "the oldest I am acquainted with in England". (The precise antiquity of the church was part of a bitter dispute over seniority between the abbey and Westminster over the primacy of their foundations.)

paragraph: The current text of "On the Antiquity of the Glastonbury Church" is rather more florid: Philip is not said to have come himself but to have sent Joseph of Arimathea in precisely  63. His initial community died out and the area left to "wild beasts" but "Phagan" and Deruvian found it miraculously preserved, merely reviving its community in  166, directed by the Archangel Gabriel and joining their names to the Acts of the Apostles. They were said to have provided pilgrims with 40 years of indulgences, a wildly anachronistic detail, but one quite profitable for the abbey.

paragraph: The accounts in Geoffrey and Gerald make no special mention of Glastonbury. Instead, Gerald's letter from the clerics at St David's says that Fagan and "Duvian" were the first apostles of all Britain, baptising its king Lucius and then converting all his subjects after their arrival in 140. It says 27 pagan leaders were replaced by the same number of bishops and 3 archbishops placed over them, including one at St Davids. It advances these points in favor of its independence from Canterbury, a particular project of Bishop Bernard ( 1115–). Geoffrey also treats Fagan and "Duvian" as the first apostles to Britain, noting their conversion of Lucius's petty kings and success at "almost" removing paganism from the whole island until the Great Persecution under Diocletian. He states that the pagan temples were remade into churches and 28 "flamens" and 3 "archflamens" were replaced by 28 bishops under the 3 archbishops of London (over Loegria and Cornwall), York (over Deira and Albania), and Caerleon (over Wales). Fagan and "Duvian" were then said to have personally returned to Rome for confirmation of their work, returning again with still more clerics. This all supposedly occurred before the death of Lucius in 156. Gerald elsewhere concedes that the archbishop was initially at Caerleon but claims it was eventually moved to Menevia (St Davids). He states the early archbishops administered twelve suffragans each and each oversaw one of the five Roman provinces of Britain: Britannia Prima (Wales), Britannia Secunda (Kent), Valentia (Scotland), Flavia (Mercia), and Maxima (York). He further concedes, however, his knowledge of the time was mostly based on "common report" and not certain history.

paragraph: The Book of Llandaff composed around 1125 names neither emissary "from" Rome but gives "Elvan" ("Elvanus") and Medwin ("Medwinus") as the names of Lucius's messengers bearing his letter "to" the pope. The two accounts were later combined, so that Elfan and "Medwy" are sent off and honored in Rome and then return with Fagan and Deruvian. Fagan and Dyfan were also sometimes credited with the initial establishment at Congresbury, which was removed in 721 to Tydenton (present-day Wells).

paragraph: In the Iolo Manuscripts, Fagan was called an Italian who came to Britain as a bishop and enthroned himself at "Llansantffagan". A separate manuscript credits him with the foundation of the churches at "Llanffagan Fawr" (present-day St Fagans near Cardiff) and at "Llanffagan Fach" (present-day Llanmaes near Llantwit Major). Their parish churches are now dedicated to Saint Mary and Saint Cadoc, respectively. A third manuscript conflates Deruvian with Dyfan—wrongly, in Bartrum's estimation. "Dyfan" is then made the first bishop of Llandaff and the martyr at Merthyr Dyfan. Fagan is then made his successor at Llandaff. (Baring-Gould refers to the pair as chorepiscopi.) A fourth lists the following triplet among the "Sayings of the Wise":

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Arguing in favor of a partial historicity to these figures, Rees noted that all but Elfan had long-standing associations with parish churches in the area around Llandaff, though he admitted none seemed as grand or preëminent as one might expect were they actually the apostles of Britain. Bartrum replied such dedications must be assumed to post-date Geoffrey's popularity.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: St Fagans, a village near Cardiff in Wales, continues to bear his name, although following the Norman invasion of Wales a new parish church was erected east of the old chapel and dedicated to St Mary the Blessed Virgin in 1180. (This is now a Grade II* listed building.) The 16th-century antiquarian John Leland recorded in his travel notebooks that a nearby chapel remained dedicated to Fagan and was sometimes also used as the parish church, but this was in ruins by the time of the English Civil War a century later. St Fagan's Well was nearby and considered particularly restorative for "the falling sickness".

paragraph: St Fagan's Church in the village of Trecynon near Aberdare in Glamorgan was a new foundation erected from 1851 to 1853. It was destroyed by fire in 1856. Rebuilt by 1856, John Griffith established it as a separate parish from Aberdare's ancient one, which had been dedicated to St John the Baptist prior to the completion of St Elvan's in 1852.

paragraph: The festival of St Fagan does not appear in any surviving medieval Welsh calendar of the saints, but he had some importance following his description as an apostle: the Blessed John Sugar, martyred in 1604, invoked "Fugatius" and "Damianus" from the gallows as authorities for the antiquity of British Catholicism. Late sources place it on 3 January (with St Dyfan) at Glastonbury; on 10 February at Llandaff; on 8 August; and (with St Dyfan) on 24 or 26 May. This last date—the traditional day of the baptism of King Lucius by the missionaries—is sometimes given as an observance of the Eastern Orthodox diocese of Thyateira and Great Britain, although in fact St Fagan's Day is currently unobserved by any of the major denominations of Wales.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- St Fagan's Parish, Aberdare

description: Welsh saint

wikidata_label: Fagan

wikipedia_title: Fagan (saint)


text: French

text: Revolution

text: Army of the Western Pyrenees

text: Romans

text: Joseph Michel Antoine Servan

text: Guyenne

text: Louis XVI

text: Girondin

text: War of the First Coalition

text: Garde du Corps

text: Swiss Guards

text: Paris

text: fédérés

text: fall of the Bastille

text: Maximilien Robespierre

text: sans-culottes

text: constitutional

text: 10 August

text: La Marseillaise

text: Republic

text: the Terror

text: Consulate

text: Legion of Honor

text: Arc de Triomphe

categories: 18th-century French politicians,French Republican military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars,People from Ain,1741 births,1808 deaths,Commandeurs of the Légion d'honneur,French generals,French Ministers of War

paragraph: Joseph Marie Servan de Gerbey

paragraph: Joseph Marie Servan de Gerbey (14 February 1741 – 10 May 1808) was a French general. During the Revolution he served twice as Minister of War and briefly led the "Army of the Western Pyrenees". His surname is one of the names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe, on Column 33.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Servan was born in the village of Romans in south-eastern France. His older brother was the lawyer and publicist Joseph Michel Antoine Servan.

paragraph: He volunteered for the regiment of Guyenne on 20 December 1760. He rose to Engineering Officer, then Deputy Governor of the pages of King Louis XVI, then colonel, then brigadier general on 8 May 1792.

paragraph: He was recommended as Minister of War by the Girondin leadership, and served a brief term from 9 May to 12 June 1792. Servan assumed the office in a time of war, the first year of the War of the First Coalition. Within days of his appointment he oversaw the dismissal of the royal Garde du Corps and the Swiss Guards; he also abolished corporal punishment in the army.

paragraph: His most momentous action as minister, however, was his proposal to bring armed volunteers from the provinces to Paris. These citizen-soldiers, called "fédérés", were intended to complement the grand festivities set for the anniversary of the fall of the Bastille. Servan also planned to give them military training before using them to supplement the army at the front. The scope and length of their stay in the capital was undefined, and the proposal was highly contentious: some, like the king, saw it as a plot to stack Paris full with anti-monarchists, while others, like Maximilien Robespierre, feared the outsiders might be used as a provincial counterweight to the radical Parisian sans-culottes.

paragraph: King Louis used his constitutional prerogative to veto Servan's proposal. Amid much criticism for his use of the unpopular veto power, the king fought back and dismissed the entire Girondin ministry, including Servan. Radical agitators seized the issue, and the invitation to the "fédérés" ignited a storm of citywide unrest. Eventually thousands of the provincial volunteers arrived regardless of the king's disapproval, and they were given a warm welcome by members of the Assembly, including Robespierre himself. The "fédérés" issue helped lead to the insurrection of 10 August after which Servan was reappointed as Minister of War.

paragraph: Another of Servan's ministerial initiatives was the deletion of the eighth verse of the anthem "La Marseillaise" in 1792. Servan claimed its references to God undermined the Republic.

paragraph: Arrested during the Terror, he was released on 3 February 1795 and reinstated in the army. Under the Consulate, he was Chairman of Records as well as Commander of the Legion of Honor.

paragraph: Servan retired on 3 May 1807, and died the following year in Paris at the age of 67. His name in inscribed on the Arc de Triomphe, on the west side.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Joseph Servan" in Charles Muller, Biographies of famous military forces by land and sea from 1789 to 1850, 1852)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Servan, Minister of War offers his resignation 25 September 1792

paragraph: BULLET::::- Record in Biography of Dauphine, by Adolphe Rochas t. 2, 1860

description: French general

wikidata_label: Joseph Marie Servan de Gerbey

wikipedia_title: Joseph Marie Servan de Gerbey


text:
shipbuilder
Clipper
Wear
Sunderland
Composite
City of Adelaide
Lloyd's of London
Cutty Sark
Sunderland Museum and Winter Gardens
Low Southwick
shipyard
superintending
St Peter's Church, Monkwearmouth
Rothbury
Northumberland
Monkwearmouth
yacht
Stockton-on-Tees
Hartlepool
The Sunderland Times
composite ship

categories: English shipbuilders,1823 births,1873 deaths

paragraph: William Pile (shipbuilder)

paragraph: William Pile (10 October 1823 – 5 June 1873) was a British shipbuilder. He was the first to introduce the Clipper class of ship to the river Wear, Sunderland. A testament to his art can be seen today, the Composite Clipper ship "City of Adelaide". The ship was classed as "Experimental" by Lloyd's of London in 1864; it would be a few years before Lloyds would formalise the rules for constructing composite ships, the rules for which were used for the design and construction of the composite Clipper ship "Cutty Sark".

paragraph: His bust, now on display in the Sunderland Museum and Winter Gardens, was paid for by donations from his friends.

paragraph: Section::::Childhood.

paragraph: William Pile was born on 10 October 1823 at the White House, Low Southwick, Sunderland, son of William and Mary Pile and brother to John. The house was surrounded by the shipyard of J. Mills, for whom his grandfather, another William Pile, was superintending the construction of wooden ships. He was baptised at St Peter's Church, Monkwearmouth on 28 October 1823.

paragraph: Pile's ancestors, who were farmers, had arrived in Sunderland around 1770 from Rothbury, Northumberland. His grandfather was the first shipbuilder of the family, being so adept that he was made manager of a shipyard shortly after completing his apprenticeship. Preferring to manage rather than build on his own account, his ships were considered to be well-built and fast. He passed on his good knowledge of both the theory and practice of shipbuilding to many of people who subsequently built on the Wear, including William. Pile's father was also noted for his well-modelled ships and considered the first shipbuilder of his day.

paragraph: At a very early age, Pile took great interest in everything connected with ships and could not be kept out of the shipyard. In 1823 he moved to Monkwearmouth. He began constructing little ships with paper sails from the age of five and from these he advanced to little yachts with cotton sails which he sailed in local ponds and streams. When asked by a friend, as to the shape of his yachts, he replied "Cod's head and mackerel tail", a shape favoured by British boat designers from as far back as the 18th century.

paragraph: During the 1830s, Sunderland became the most important shipbuilding centre in the country, and by 1840 there were 65 shipyards on the river. It was at this time, that Pile walked the banks of the River Wear, visiting the shipyards and never growing tired of seeing ships in the various stages of construction. As he grew older he could tell the name of every ship belonging to Sunderland, and who built them. It was said of him after his death, that being born in a shipyard he was hardly ever out of one.

paragraph: Section::::Education.

paragraph: Pile disliked school and thus received little education. He was put to work very young. His character was more practical than theoretical, trusting more to their eye than the plan. He constantly watched the progress of the ships he had built, corresponding with their captains. His custom was to seek information where he thought it was to be got, and to get it he used periodically to visit the largest ports of the United Kingdom.

paragraph: Section::::Shipwright training.

paragraph: Pile's mother and or father apparently did not appreciate his shipbuilding disposition and preferred him to work in a ropery. This employment however did not last long, as he ended his engagement by running away from it after six weeks. His family must have relented as it is recorded that he served his time as a shipwright with his father.

paragraph: In 1836, Pile's family moved to Stockton-on-Tees. At the age of 18, an accident caused his right hand to be nearly cut in two; this crippled him to a great extent for the rest of his life. On his recovery, he went to a shipbuilder in Monkwearmouth to complete his apprenticeship. There his talent was recognised; he was promoted to foreman and was in charge of a yard with a large number of men.

paragraph: He continued with his relations until 1848 when he left their yard to commence on his own account. When his brother moved to Hartlepool, in 1853, William took the whole of the establishment.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: William Pile died on 5 June 1873, aged 49. He was suddenly seized with contractions of the bowels and died after suffering severely for a few hours. He was survived by his wife and six surviving children. He had married Isabella Rickaby, of Coniscliffe, near Darlington in 1849.

paragraph: Pile's funeral was conducted at St Mary's Roman Catholic Church, Sunderland. The church was crowded and many were unable to gain admission; the funeral procession was over two miles in length and comprised over 3000 people. "The Sunderland Times" said that "His genius was displayed in the building of ships, wherein he was not excelled. As Watt was great as a builder of engines; and Stephenson was great as a builder of railways; so William Pile was great as a builder of ships."

paragraph: Section::::Accolades.

paragraph: John Thompson writes of what he saw on the river Wear in the year 1850:

paragraph: Thompson also noted that the Pile brothers were among the first, at all events, in this river, to introduce long ships with beam in proportion. Their vessels were of large dimensions, and the items of their fittings enormously costly, and they won for the builders the high name they attained in every quarter of the globe.

paragraph: It was here the first improvements in modelling took place, the old-fashioned counter was abolished, and all the planking turned up to the arch-board; the old-fashioned stern-frame and transoms were done away with, and the vessel framed all round the stern. The first clipper stem was her put up that was seen on the Wear, and was, as it was then termed, turned inside out and upside down, and which is still continued by the builders on the Wear up to the present day.(1874). Pile was the first to introduce the Clipper class of vessel to Sunderland and by his skill in building them he gained recognition in the nautical world.

paragraph: Section::::Ships.

paragraph: Pile built more than a hundred wooden ships, a similar number made of iron, and a number of composite ships. Although many of the iron ships were steamers, it was his sailing ships that brought renown to his name.

paragraph: The following are some of the ships built by Pile:

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Notes

paragraph: Citations

description: British shipbuilder

wikidata_label: William Pile

wikipedia_title: William Pile (shipbuilder)


href: Emir Aghlabids Ifriqiya Khawarij Ifriqiya caliphate Harun%20al-Rashid Maliki Kairouan Mu%CA%BFtazila Zanj

text:
Emir
Aghlabids
Ifriqiya
Khawarij
Ifriqiya
Caliph
Harun al-Rashid
Maliki
Kairouan
Mu'tazili
Zanj

categories: Aghlabid emirs of Ifriqiya,812 deaths,9th-century Arabs,9th-century rulers,756 births

paragraph: Ibrahim I ibn al-Aghlab

paragraph: Ibrahim I ibn al-Aghlab (; 756-812) was the first Emir of the Aghlabids in Ifriqiya (800-812)

paragraph: He was the son of al-Aghlab, who successfully quelled the revolt of the Khawarij in Ifriqiya at the end of the 8th century. In 800 Ibrahim became Emir of Ifriqiya and founded the Aghlabid dynasty, and was recognised as the hereditary ruler by Caliph Harun al-Rashid.

paragraph: After the pacification of the country he established a residence at al-Abbasiyya to keep his distance from the restless Maliki jurists of Kairouan, who were always ready to incite the people into revolt. Specially since, Ibrahim was a Mu'tazili Muslim, he named at the higher religious authority, Qadi Qayrawan (cadi of Kairouan), Abu Muhriz, a Mu'tazili imam in 806. A guard of 5000 Zanji slaves was set up to avoid total dependence on Arab troops, the necessity of which measure was proven by the revolts of Arab soldiers in 802, 805 and 810. Ibrahim built up a strong administrative framework for the state which lay the foundations for the prosperity of Ifriqiya in the following century.

paragraph: He was succeeded by his son Abdallah I (812-817).

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hitti, Philip K. "A History of the Arabs", 5th ed. London, 1951.

description: Emir of Ifriqiya

wikidata_label: Ibrahim ibn Aghlab

wikipedia_title: Ibrahim I ibn al-Aghlab


text:
Canadian
British
Jewish
King Edward's School, Birmingham
the Bar
Basil Montagu
His Majesty's Theatre
Parliamentary
private bills
Queen Victoria
Michael Costa
Giuseppe Verdi
Felix Mendelssohn
William Shakespeare
The Tempest
Jenny Lind
Pas de Quatre
Perrot
Pugni
Marie Taglioni
Carlotta Grisi
Royal Philharmonic Society
Covent Garden
Michael Balfe
Jenny Lind
Giuseppe Verdi
Macbeth
I masnadieri
coloratura
Queen Victoria
Prince Albert
Duke of Wellington
Robert le diable
Giacomo Meyerbeer
Eugene Scribe
Fromental Halévy
Théâtre des Italiens
Rachel
Victor Hugo
hubris
Johanna Wagner
Wagner
Lumley v. Gye
contract law
pyrrhic victory

categories: Canadian Jews,People from London,British Jews,1875 deaths,1811 births

paragraph: Benjamin Lumley

paragraph: Benjamin Lumley (1811 – 17 March 1875 in London) was a Canadian-born British opera manager and solicitor. Born Benjamin Levy, he was the son of a Jewish merchant Louis Levy.

paragraph: Section::::Beginnings at His Majesty's Theatre.

paragraph: Lumley's father was a clothes-dealer who had made his original fortune in Canada. The young Benjamin Levy was a pupil at King Edward's School, Birmingham.

paragraph: Lumley trained as a solicitor, and then studied for the Bar under Basil Montagu. In this capacity he gave legal advice to the financially troubled manager of what was then His Majesty's Theatre, Pierre Laporte, who came to rely on him extensively. As Lumley had become familiar with making managerial decisions for the theatre, when Laporte died in 1841 the board of the opera company, consisting mainly of wealthy noblemen, asked him to take over.

paragraph: Lumley had already written a standard handbook on Parliamentary private bills and was launched on a promising legal career. But his memoirs clearly indicate his pleasure in mixing in high society and making a name for himself. Management of the now renamed (after the accession of Queen Victoria) Her Majesty's Theatre gave him an opportunity of close relationship with stars of the opera and ballet, to give and to be invited to ostentatious parties, and to bring high-quality Italian opera to Victorian London.

paragraph: The conductor at Her Majesty's was Michael Costa. By their different natures – one a devotee of high musical standards, the other a connoisseur of the star system, Lumley and Costa should have made a perfect team. And indeed they were so for the first five years, one of the longer surviving partnerships of the age. Artistic progress – induced by Lumley, against the inclinations of the more conservatively inclined Costa – included the introduction of operas by Giuseppe Verdi to London, and new singing and dancing stars to replace the fading 'old guard', negotiations with Felix Mendelssohn for an opera on William Shakespeare's play "The Tempest" – and, in 1847, the London debut of Jenny Lind. The resulting financial success led the optimistic Lumley to purchase the underlying lease of the theatre.

paragraph: One of the sensations of Lumley's management was the balletic 'Pas de Quatre', choreographed by Perrot, and with music by Pugni, in 1845. This divertissement, which featured as dancers Marie Taglioni, Carlotta Grisi, Cerrito and Grahn, may have been inspired by Lumley seeing four girls dancing outside the theatre. The 'Pas de Quatre' became an institution and is frequently revived.

paragraph: Section::::Conflict with Costa.

paragraph: First, Costa felt neglected by Lumley, who, wisely from an artistic point of view, was not keen to produce Costa's own ballets and operas. Furthermore, Lumley refused to permit Costa to take up the appointment of chief conductor to the Royal Philharmonic Society, then the leading London symphonic orchestra. In 1846 Costa decamped to Covent Garden, with most of the orchestra and singers, and the support of some leading London critics, to establish there the second Royal Italian Opera Company in competition with Lumley.

paragraph: Lumley swiftly fought back, showing all his skills as an opportunist. He engaged the composer Michael Balfe to replace Costa. In 1847, despite legal threats from the Covent Garden management, he brought Jenny Lind over for her London debut, for which he had prepared with unprecedented levels of spin and publicity. Giuseppe Verdi had been engaged to write an opera for London. Originally, it was intended to be "Macbeth", but this was first given in Florence, so Verdi decided to produce "I masnadieri" for London.

paragraph: Verdi left Italy at the end of May 1847 with his work for London completed, except for the orchestration, which he left until the opera was in rehearsal. The cast assembled for the premiere on 22 July 1847 was of the highest international standard. In particular, as the highlight of her first season in England, the great Swedish coloratura soprano Jenny Lind was engaged to create the role of Amalia, the opera's heroine. Queen Victoria and Prince Albert attended the first performance, together with the Duke of Wellington and every member of the British aristocracy and fashionable society that was able to gain admission.

paragraph: After considerable persuasion Verdi agreed to conduct the premiere, which was a triumphant success, and the press was for the most part generous in its praise. Fortunately for Lumley, things had turned out well – and very profitably. Lind appeared as Alice in "Robert le diable" by Giacomo Meyerbeer, and Mendelssohn, on his last London visit, who had encouraged her to take up Lumley's offer, was in the audience despite his known distaste for Meyerbeer's work.

paragraph: Lumley had also extensively advertised Mendelssohn's "Tempest" opera as forthcoming. This was a bare-faced lie. Mendelssohn found the libretto by Eugene Scribe completely unacceptable and did not even begin to write the music for it. The death of Mendelssohn in 1847 however gave Lumley an escape from his fabrications, and he commissioned the French composer Fromental Halévy to take it on. But the premiere of "La Tempesta" in 1850 was, at most, a "succès d'éstime".

paragraph: Section::::Financial problems.

paragraph: Meanwhile Lumley had extended his interests by taking on in addition the management of the Théâtre des Italiens in Paris, and was soon negotiating with the actress Rachel and Victor Hugo. His frenzied activities resemble closely the hubris of speculative tycoons over-reaching themselves. He soon began to have problems paying his stars and was surprised when they began to walk out on him. The soprano Johanna Wagner, niece of the composer Wagner, was lured to Covent Garden, sparking off a complex litigation. The resulting case, 'Lumley v. Gye', is still regarded as a fundamental basis of employment contract law. Lumley won the case, but it was for him a pyrrhic victory, resulting in financial loss.

paragraph: By 1853 the financial problems were overwhelming, and Lumley ran for cover to France. He was tempted back when in 1856, the Covent Garden Theatre once again caught fire, and for three years he became again a leader of Italian opera in London. But when Covent Garden was rebuilt, (the same theatre that stands today), he was offered the tenure for £100,000, funds which he simply didn't have.

paragraph: Section::::Abandonment of the opera.

paragraph: Lumley returned to the law, and in his later years wrote two works of fantasy and a legal reference book. His previous successes were never to be repeated. He died in 1875, leaving less than £1000 in his will.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Notes

paragraph: Sources

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lumley, Benjamin (1864), "Reminiscences of the Opera", London.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matthew, Colin; Brian Harrison (Eds.) (2000), "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography", OUP,

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: [Category:Canadian emigrants to England]]

description: British opera manager

wikidata_label: Benjamin Lumley

wikipedia_title: Benjamin Lumley


text:
singer
songwriter
frontman
indie rock
band
The National
EL VY
Ramona Falls
Menomena
baritone
St. Xavier High School
Cincinnati
graphic design
University of Cincinnati
Scott Devendorf
The New Yorker
Boxer
Bloodbuzz Ohio
Mistaken for Strangers
Joe Simpson
The Royal Albert Hall

categories: Musicians from Brooklyn,St. Xavier High School (Cincinnati) alumni,American rock singers,Singers from New York City,University of Cincinnati alumni,Musicians from Cincinnati,1971 births,American baritones,The National (band) members,Living people

paragraph: Matt Berninger

paragraph: Matthew Donald Berninger (, born February 13, 1971) is an American singer-songwriter, primarily known as the frontman of indie rock band The National. In 2014 he also formed the EL VY project with Brent Knopf of Ramona Falls & Menomena and released the album "Return to the Moon" in November 2015.

paragraph: Berninger is notable for his classic baritone voice.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Berninger is a 1989 graduate of St. Xavier High School in Cincinnati. He went on to study graphic design at the University of Cincinnati, where he met fellow band member, Scott Devendorf in 1991. The two quickly became friends. Berninger quit a career in advertising in his thirties to start The National. He told The Telegraph: "I was doing well [in advertising]. But, once I entertained the thought that maybe I wouldn't ever have to go and sit in conference rooms with MasterCard to discuss web ads again, I couldn't shake it."

paragraph: Berninger is married to Carin Besser, a one-time fiction editor for "The New Yorker", who has often contributed to the band's songwriting ("Brainy" and "Ada" from the album "Boxer") and backup vocals. Together with Hope Hall and Andreas Burgess, Besser also helped direct the music video for "Bloodbuzz Ohio". They have a daughter named Isla. Berninger has stated that the song "Afraid of Everyone" was influenced by his anxiety about being a new father.

paragraph: Berninger has two siblings: Tom (who directed "Mistaken for Strangers", a film about The National) and Rachel.

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: In 2011, a portrait of Berninger was painted by British artist Joe Simpson; the painting was exhibited around the UK including a solo exhibition at The Royal Albert Hall.

description: American vocalist

wikidata_label: Matt Berninger

wikipedia_title: Matt Berninger


text:
American football
wide receiver
free agent
Birmingham, Alabama
Tarrant, Alabama
Julio Jones
2009 Alabama Crimson Tide football team
2009 SEC Championship Game
Florida
2011 Capital One Bowl
Julio Jones
Fred Biletnikoff Award
College Football Hall of Fame
Harry Gilmer
Nick Saban
al.com
The Huntsville Times
2012 BCS National Championship Game
Arizona Rattlers
Arena Football League

categories: 1988 births,Pittsburgh Steelers players,Alabama Crimson Tide football players,American football wide receivers,Players of American football from Alabama,Arizona Rattlers players,Living people

paragraph: Marquis Maze

paragraph: Tyran Marquis Maze (born March 2, 1988) is an American football wide receiver who is currently a free agent. He played for The University of Alabama from 2008 to 2011 and had over 1,000 receiving yards in the 2009 and 2010 seasons. In 2011, he became the lead receiver, punt returner, and kickoff returner for Alabama.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Maze was born in Birmingham, Alabama. He attended Tarrant High School in Tarrant, Alabama. He played high school football at multiple positions, including tailback, quarterback, wide receiver, defensive back and punt and kickoff returner. During the 2005 and 2006 seasons, Maze had almost 3,000 all-purpose yards and more than 30 touchdowns.

paragraph: Maze was recruited by many of the country's top football programs, including the University of Alabama, University of Michigan, and University of Tennessee. After initially committing to Michigan, Maze signed a letter of intent with Alabama in February 2007.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Section::::College career.:2008 season.

paragraph: After redshirting in 2007, Marquis played in all 14 games in 2008 and for the season had 11 receptions for 137 yards and 2 touchdowns.

paragraph: Section::::College career.:2009 season.

paragraph: During Alabama's spring practice in April 2009, Maze earned co-MVP honors and established himself as the fastest player on the Alabama team and the No. 2 receiver behind Julio Jones. Maze became a key player on the 2009 Alabama Crimson Tide football team that won the national championship. He played in all 14 games, 11 as a starter. He finished with 31 catches for 523 yards for two touchdowns. In the 2009 SEC Championship Game, Maze had five catches for a career-high 96 receiving yards.

paragraph: Section::::College career.:2010 season.

paragraph: For the 2010 season, Maze appeared in all 13 games for Alabama, seven as a starter. He had 38 receptions for 557 yards and three touchdowns. In the game against Florida, Maze threw a 19-yard touchdown pass to Michael Williams. In the 2011 Capital One Bowl, Maze caught a 37-yard touchdown pass and led the team's receivers with 77 receiving yards. Maze also served as Alabama's principal punt returner during the 2010 season.

paragraph: Section::::College career.:2011 season.

paragraph: In March 2011, Maze announced that he would not participate in the NFL draft and would instead return to Alabama for his senior year. Maze gave little thought to leaving Alabama for the NFL With Julio Jones graduating, Maze was expected to become Alabama's No. 1 receiver in the 2011 season. Based on his performance in the preseason, Maze won a starting spot not only at wide receiver but also on special teams as the team's primary punt returner and kickoff returner. In July 2011, he was included on the watch list for the 2011 Fred Biletnikoff Award, presented each year to America's top college football receiver.

paragraph: In the 2011 season opener against Kent State, Maze established himself as Alabama's primary receiver. He contributed 253 all purposes yards, including 114 receiving yards on eight catches, 96 return yards on eight punts, and 39 yards on a kickoff return. His eight punt returns tied an Alabama school record set in 1946 by College Football Hall of Fame inductee Harry Gilmer. After the game, Alabama head coach Nick Saban said, "Marquis Maze did a fantastic job today, not only with eight catches, but also doing a really good job in the kicking game and return game."

paragraph: After the first three games of the 2011 season, Maze led all players in the NCAA FBS with 195 punt return yards.

paragraph: In the fourth game of the 2011 season, Maze returned four punts for 125 yards, including an 83-yard return for a touchdown in the third quarter. After the game, the "Birmingham News" called Maze "the amazing Marquis Maze" and a "special player" and wrote: "The undersized and underappreciated Maze bobbed and weaved his way 83 yards for a third-quarter touchdown on a punt return that broke Arkansas ankles and hearts. His last cutback wasn't even necessary. It was unreal, unfair and unstoppable." The return earned Alabama Play of the Week honors from al.com. Writing in "The Huntsville Times", Mark McCarter observed: "Maze didn't look like he was running on his own. He looked like an avatar, and a 16-year-old's thumbs were maneuvering him with a PlayStation control panel."

paragraph: Playing against Tennessee on October 22, 2011, Maze caught five passes for 106 yards. Through the first eight games of the season, Maze had 482 receiving yards. As of October 23, 2011, Maze also had 320 punt return yards, second most in the Football Bowl Subdivision. In the 2012 BCS National Championship Game against LSU, Maze almost returned a punt for a touchdown before being injured from a hamstring pull. This injury unfortunately proved to be game-ending for him.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Pittsburgh Steelers.

paragraph: On April 28, 2012, Maze signed a free-agent deal with the Pittsburgh Steelers.

paragraph: On August 31, Maze was waived by the Pittsburgh Steelers.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Arizona Rattlers.

paragraph: On September 25, 2014, Maze was assigned to the Arizona Rattlers of the Arena Football League.

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Marquis Maze

wikipedia_title: Marquis Maze


text: Chief Butler of England

text: High Sheriff of Lancashire

text: Butler family

text: Henry II of England

text: John of England

text: Hubert Walter

text: Archbishop of Canterbury

text: justiciar

text: Lord Chancellor

text: Hubert

text: Ranulf de Glanvill

text: Henry II of England

text: Prince John

text: butler

text: Kingdom of Limerick

text: Killaloe

text: baronies

text: Tullough

text: County Clare

text: Clonlisk

text: Ballybritt

text: County Offaly

text: Eliogarty

text: Ormond Upper

text: Ormond Lower

text: Owney and Arra

text: County Tipperary

text: Clanwilliam

text: Coonagh

text: County Limerick

text: Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair

text: Cong

text: Cork

text: Lancaster

text: National Library of Ireland

text: William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber

text: Killaloe

text: Clonlisk

text: Ballybrit

text: tuath

text: County Offaly

text: Ikerrin

text: cantred

text: baronies

text: Eliogarty

text: Ormond Upper

text: Ormond Lower

text: Owney and Arra

text: County Tipperary

text: Abbey of Woney

text: townland

text: Murroe

text: County Limerick

text: Cockersand Abbey

text: Abbey of Nenagh

text: County Tipperary

text: Arklow

text: County Wicklow

text: Maud le Vavasour

categories: Anglo-Normans in Ireland,Butler dynasty,12th-century Irish people,Year of birth unknown,13th-century Irish people,People from County Tipperary,High Sheriffs of Lancashire,1206 deaths

paragraph: Theobald Walter, 1st Chief Butler of Ireland

paragraph: Theobald Walter (sometimes Theobald FitzWalter, Theobald Butler, or Theobald Walter le Boteler) was the first Chief Butler of Ireland. He also held the office of Chief Butler of England and was the High Sheriff of Lancashire for 1194. Theobald was the first to use the surname Butler of the Butler family of Ireland. He was involved in the Irish campaigns of King Henry II of England and John of England. His eldest brother Hubert Walter became the Archbishop of Canterbury and justiciar and Lord Chancellor of England.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Theobald was the son of Hervey Walter and his wife Matilda de Valoignes, who was one of the daughters of Theobald de Valoignes.

paragraph: Their children were

paragraph: Theobald, Hubert—future Chief Justiciar and Archbishop of Canterbury—Bartholomew, Roger, and Hamon. Theobald Walter and his brother Hubert were brought up by their uncle Ranulf de Glanvill, the great justiciar of Henry II of England who had married his mother's sister Bertha.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: On 25 April 1185, Prince John, in his new capacity as "Lord of Ireland" landed at Waterford and around this time granted the hereditary office of butler of Ireland to Theobald, whereby he and his successors were to attend the Kings of England at their coronation, and on that day present them with the first cup of wine. Theobald's father had been the hereditary holder of the office of butler of England. Some time after, King Henry II of England granted him the prisage of wines, to enable him, and his heirs, the better to support the dignity of that office. By this grant, he had two tuns (barrels) of wine out of every ship, which broke bulk in any trading port of Ireland, and was loaded with 20 tons of that commodity, and one ton from 9 to 20. Theobald accompanied John on his progress through Munster and Leinster. At this time he was also granted a large section of the north-eastern part of the Kingdom of Limerick. The grant of five and a half cantreds was bounded by: "...the borough of Killaloe and the half cantred of Trucheked Maleth in which it lay, and the cantreds of Elykarval, Elyochgardi, Euermond, Aros and Wedene, and Woedeneoccadelon and Wodeneoidernan."

paragraph: These are the modern baronies of Tullough (in County Clare), Clonlisk and Ballybritt (in County Offaly), Eliogarty, Ormond Upper, Ormond Lower, Owney and Arra (in County Tipperary), Owneybeg, Clanwilliam and Coonagh (in County Limerick).

paragraph: Theobald was active in the war that took place when Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair attempted to regain his throne after retiring to the monastery of Cong, as Theobald's men were involved in the death of Donal Mór na Corra Mac Carthaigh during a parley in 1185 near Cork. In 1194 Theobald supported his brother during Hubert's actions against Prince John, with Theobald receiving the surrender of John's supporters in Lancaster. Theobald was rewarded with the office of sheriff of Lancaster, which he held until Christmas of 1198. He was again sheriff after John took the throne in 1199.

paragraph: In early 1200, however, John deprived Theobald of all his offices and lands because of his irregularities as sheriff. His lands were not restored until January 1202. A manuscript in the National Library of Ireland points to William de Braose, 4th Lord of Bramber as the agent of his restoration:"Grant by William de Braosa, (senior) to Theobald Walter (le Botiller) the burgh of Kildelon (Killaloe) ... the cantred of Elykaruel (the baronies of Clonlisk and Ballybrit, Co. Offaly), Eliogarty, Ormond, Ara and Oioney, etc. 1201.""Elykaruel" refers to the Gaelic tuath of "Ely O'Carroll", which straddled the southern part of County Offaly and the northern part of Tipperary (at Ikerrin). The other cantreds named are probably the modern baronies of Eliogarty, Ormond Upper, Ormond Lower and Owney and Arra in County Tipperary.

paragraph: Theobald founded the Abbey of Woney, in the townland of Abington (, meaning "the monastery of Uaithne"), of which nothing now remains, near the modern village of Murroe in County Limerick Ireland around 1200. He also founded the Cockersand Abbey in Lancaster, Abbey of Nenagh in County Tipperary, and a monastic house at Arklow in County Wicklow.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and Children.

paragraph: Theobald married Maud le Vavasour (1176–1226), heiress of Robert le Vavasour, a baron of Yorkshire, John Lodge in the "Peerage of Ireland" in 1789 gave the year as 1189, but on no apparent authority, as no other author follows him on this.

paragraph: He died February 4, 1206 at Arklow Castle, and was buried at Wotheney Abbey.

paragraph: Their children were

paragraph: BULLET::::- Theobald le Botiller, 2nd Chief Butler of Ireland

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maud (1192–1244) marries three times yet only has two surviving children Ralph and Marie

description: Baron Butler, Sheriff of Lancaster, Chief Butler of Ireland

wikidata_label: Theobald Walter, 1st Baron Butler


text:
World War II
Stockholm, Sweden
Christiania
Ole Bornemann Bull
Fredrik Rosing Bull
finished
University of Kristiania
cand.jur.
Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
international law
League of Nations
legation
Berlin
The Hague
Stockholm
genealogical
invaded
occupied by Nazi Germany
Stockholm
ambassador
chargé d'affaires
Johan Wollebæk
Norwegian legation in Stockholm
World War II
Council of Europe
Copenhagen
Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav
Order of the Polar Star
Order of Orange-Nassau

wikipedia_title:
World War II
Stockholm
Oslo
Ole Bornemann Bull (physician)
Fredrik Rosing Bull
Examen artium
University of Oslo
Candidate of Law
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Norway)
International law
League of Nations
Legation
Berlin
The Hague
Stockholm
Genealogy
Operation Weserübung
German occupation of Norway
Stockholm
Ambassador
Chargé d'affaires
Johan Wollebæk
Norwegian legation in Stockholm
World War II
Council of Europe
Copenhagen
Order of St. Olav
Order of the Polar Star
Order of Orange-Nassau

categories: Norwegian jurists,University of Oslo alumni,Ambassadors of Norway to Sweden,1886 births,1956 deaths,Ambassadors of Norway to the Netherlands,Norwegian people of World War II,Commanders Grand Cross of the Order of the Polar Star,People from Oslo,Recipients of the Order of Orange-Nassau,Norwegian civil servants

paragraph: Jens Bull

paragraph: Jens Steenberg Bull (25 November 1886 – 1 June 1956) was a Norwegian jurist and diplomatist. He played his most important role during World War II, when he represented his country in Stockholm, Sweden.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: He was born in Christiania as the son of Ole Bornemann Bull (1842–1916) and Kaja Constance Steenberg (1855–1939). He was the eleventh of fifteen children in his family, and his younger brother Johan Bull was a notable illustrator. His older half-brother was Fredrik Rosing Bull. From November 1917, Jens Bull was married to Aslaug Malling.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He finished his secondary school in 1905, and graduated from the University of Kristiania with the cand.jur. degree in 1909. He was hired in the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1911, worked with international law and was a delegate to the League of Nations from 1921 to 1924. He was a counsellor at the Norwegian legations in Berlin from 1925 to 1931, in The Hague from 1931 to 1933, and in Stockholm from 1934 to 1938. He was appointed deputy under-secretary of state in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in 1938, and was promoted to permanent under-secretary of state in 1939. In 1938 he also published a genealogical work on his own lineage.

paragraph: Following 9 April 1940, when Norway was invaded and subsequently occupied by Nazi Germany, Bull took part in various negotiations, being dispatched to non-occupied Stockholm in Sweden. He was ambassador in Stockholm from 1940 to 1945, taking over as chargé d'affaires after the death of Johan Wollebæk in October 1940. He was recognized as minister by the Swedish authorities from 1942. He played an important role at the Norwegian legation in Stockholm during World War II, when there was a colony of more than 50,000 Norwegian refugees in Sweden.

paragraph: He was made ambassador in The Hague in March 1945, and continued after the war's end, to 1951. During this period he also helped establish the Council of Europe. He was then the Norwegian ambassador in Copenhagen from 1951 until his death in 1956.

paragraph: Bull was decorated as a Commander with Star of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav in 1948. He received the Grand Cross of the Swedish Order of the Polar Star and the Dutch Order of Orange-Nassau.

description: Norwegian diplomat

wikidata_label: Jens Bull

wikipedia_title: Jens Bull