text:
Sue Takemori
Naitō Hironori
Nagato Province
Sue Okifusa
Bungo Province
Ōtomo Chikaharu
Ōuchi Takahiro
Song Suqing
Hongzhi emperor
Ningbo
Ningbo incident
Shaoxing

paragraph: Ōuchi Yoshioki

paragraph: When Masahiro became ill In the autumn of 1494, Yoshioki was nominally appointed his successor. In 1495, he formally became the 15th head of the clan after the death of his father. The Ōuchi clan, however, continued to experience discord during this period. First, a retainer named Sue Takemori, who had suddenly absconded from Kyōto to the Tennō Temple in Settsu Province, returned home and killed his younger brother, Sue Okiakira, who had become head of the family in his absence. Takemori himself had earlier taken over the clan after his father, Sue Hiromori, was assassinated in 1482 by Yoshimi Nobumori while attending a celebration at the Tsukiyama residence hosted by Masahiro. Takemori falsely claimed to Yoshioki that Naitō Hironori, "shugodai" of Nagato Province, sought to support his younger brother. Yoshioki then directed his men toward Hōfu, proceeding to execute Hironori and his son, Hirokazu. Later, upon learning of the injustice committed against Hironori and Hirokazu, Yoshioki executed Takemori and received Hironori's daughter as his formal wife. Further, he supported Hironori's younger brother, Naitō Hiroharu, to reconstitute the Naitō clan, while enabling Sue Okifusa, the youngest member of the Sue clan, to lead the Sue. In 1499, Sugi Takeakira, a senior retainer, colluded with a "daimyō" from Bungo Province named Ōtomo Chikaharu in an effort to seize control of the Ōuchi clan. The plot was to abandon Yoshioki in favor of his younger brother, Ōuchi Takahiro. Upon learning of the plot, Yoshioki compelled Takeakira to commit "seppuku", while Takahiro narrowly escaped to the protection of the Ōtomo clan in Bungo.

paragraph: Section::::Advances into Kyūshū and exile of Ashikaga Yoshitada – the former "shōgun".

paragraph: Over a long period, the Ōuchi clan battled against the Ōtomo and Shōni clans of Kyūshū to expand their influence. Ōtomo Masachika wed the younger sister of Ōuchi Masahiro to form a political alliance, and her son, Ōtomo Yoshisuke, inherited the clan. As cousins, Yoshisuke cooperated with Yoshioki, leading to a stable relationship. When Yoshisuke suddenly died in 1496, a rumor circulated that his father, Masachika, had poisoned him. Having reacquired control of the clan, Masachika ordered his men to attack the Ōuchi territory in northern Kyūshū. While in route, the boat that Masachika rode in came under distress, eventually reaching shore in the Ōuchi's main territory of Nagato Province. Yoshioki captured his father and had him commit "seppuku", most likely as retribution for the alleged poisoning of Yoshisuke. During this turn of events, Hosokawa Masamoto operated behind the scenes, fearing the expansion of the Ōuchi influence and their connection to the deposed "shōgun", Ashikaga Yoshitada (formerly under the name Yoshiki), who lived in exile in the northern provinces. Thereafter, Yoshioki supported Ōtomo Chikazane, son of Ōtomo Chikatsuna, to become leader of the Ōtomo clan, but this failed owing to the opposition of Masachika's younger brother, Ōtomo Chikaharu. Moreover, Yoshioki's younger brother, Takahiro, who had failed in his earlier rebellion, was under Chikaharu's protection while in exile. Takahiro received one of the characters in his name from Ashikaga Yoshizumi, the "shōgun", who was earlier called Yoshitaka. Yoshioki's support for Yoshitada placed him in opposition to Masamoto, who backed Yoshizumi as the "shōgun".

paragraph: Aiming to expand their domain, Shōni Masasuke, and his son, Takatsune, joined forces with Ōtomo Masachika and his brother, Chikaharu, to attack the Ōuchi by advancing from Hizen Province into Chikuzen Province. Late in 1496, Yoshioki responded by gathering men in Akamagaseki in Nagato, from which the army headed toward Chikuzen. In the spring of 1497, Yoshioki's men defeated the Shōni in battles in front of the Shōfuku Temple in Hakata and at Takatorii Castle, forging onward to Hizen. The forces attacked Asahi Castle, and then surrounded Masasuke at Ogi Castle. Upon returning to his hometown of Yamaguchi, Yoshioki paid a series of visits to local shrines, including Tamano-oya, Izumodai, Nikabe, Akada, and Asada. Several days later, Ogi Castle fell and Masasuke fled but then killed himself.

paragraph: In 1498, Shibukawa Tadashige, the "shugo" of Hizen Province stationed in Kyūshū by the Muromachi "bakufu", was attacked by the Shōni at Ayabe Castle in Hizen. Yoshioki responded by dispatching Niho Gokyō to support the defenders, and these forces prevailed in clashes in the Kii, Yabu, and Mine districts, enabling Yoshioki to expand his influence in Hizen. Masasuke and Takatsune were slayed by the sword. Meanwhile, Yoshioki found his men engaged in defensive battles against the Ōtomo. Yoshioki sent Migita Hirokazu and Suetake Nagayasu to Bungo Province, whereupon Nagayasu sustained wounds and Hirokazu died in battle in the Kusu District.

paragraph: In 1500, Ashikaga Yoshitada, the deposed "shōgun", sought protection from Yoshioki in Yamaguchi, a metropolis with a population of approximately 40,000 citizens. Although in exile, Yoshitada insisted that he remained the legitimate "shōgun", establishing a self-styled form of the "bakufu" in Yamaguchi. Yoshioki continued his opposition to Hosokawa Masamoto by supporting Yoshitada's plan to march upon the capital of Kyōto. In response, Masamoto, together with Ashikaga Yoshitaka, ordered Ōtomo Chikaharu, Ōuchi Takahiro, Shōni Sukemoto (the third son of Masasuke), Kikuchi Takeyuki, and Aso Korenaga to attack Yoshioki, and obtained a written edict from Emperor Gokashiwabara to defeat Yoshioki. This made Yoshioki an enemy of the Court, whereupon directives were sent out by Yoshitaka, the "shōgun", and his "bugyōnin" to a total of twenty-eight "daimyō" and powerful "kokujin" in the western provinces. In 1501, forces under the command of Ōtomo Chikaharu and Shōni Sukemoto attacked the stronghold of Umagatake Castle in Buzen Province. Niho Gokyō led the defense but died in action while the castle fell to the attackers. The following month, support troops re-took the castle. To the east, Yoshioki succeeded in drawing Mōri Hiromoto from Aki Province to his side despite Hiromoto having received orders to oppose Yoshiaki. Eventually, Yoshioki reached a settlement with Ōtomo Chikaharu through the offices of Ashikaga Yoshitada, followed by peace with the Shōni, allowing Yoshioki to maintain his influence in northern Kyūshū.

paragraph: Section::::Aiming for the Capital.

paragraph: In 1504, Yoshioki imposed a provisional tax in his territory to generate funds needed for his plans to march upon Kyōto under the pretext of reinstalling Ashikaga Yoshitada. In 1507, Hosokawa Masamoto, the primary benefactor of Ashikaga Yoshizumi and chief governor of the "bakufu," was assassinated as a result of an internal struggle for succession in the clan known as the "Eishō sakuran." The slaying did not bring an end to discord in the Hosokawa clan. Yoshioki took advantage of the situation by ordering "daimyō" from Kyūshū and the western provinces to mobilize for a march upon Kyōto to reinstall Yoshitada as the "shōgun". Yoshioki ordered Migita Hiroaki and others to protect the home provinces, while he departed Yamaguchi for Hōfu, advancing to Bingo Province. Hosokawa Takakuni, the adopted son of Masamoto, colluded with Yoshioki and opposed Hosokawa Sumimoto, another adopted son of Masamoto. Under pressure from Takakuni and Yoshioki, in 1508, Sumimoto fled together with Ashikaga Yoshizumi, the "shōgun", to Ōmi Province.

paragraph: Pledging support for Yoshitane, Yoshioki entered the town of Sakai in Izumi Province and strengthened his ties to Hosokawa Takakuni in their mutual effort to pacify followers of Sumimoto in the Kinai Region. Yoshitada then sent an edict declaring Takakuni as the head of the Keichō branch of the Hosokawa clan, after which Yoshitada and Yoshioki realized their goal to march upon Kyōto. In the summer of 1508, Yoshitada was reinstalled as "shōgun" while Yoshioki served as a "kanreidai", or vice-deputy, along with Takakuni to govern the affairs of the "bakufu". For his military contributions, Yoshitada offered Yoshioki control over the southern half of Sakai, including the area around the Shōkoku Temple, but Yoshioki refused. As a reflection of the goodwill that Yoshitada held toward Yoshioki, he then offered Yoshioki the title of "shugo" of Yamashiro Province and publicly declared that the temples, shrines, and "kuge", or court nobles, in Kyōto and Nara would be under his domain.

paragraph: Although Yoshoiki had achieved his goal to reinstall Yoshitada and exert control in Kyōto, an unstable situation beckoned him to return to his home provinces of Nagato and Suō, but ongoing clashes with rivals including Hosokawa Sumimoto and Miyoshi Yukinaga who aspired to reclaim Kyōto prevented him from leaving the capital. Toward the end of 1508, the Tōdai Temple in Nara, requested return of the provincial governorate in Suō Province which had been under Ōuchi control since 1490, and closed their doors. As an outcome of the earlier proclamation regarding Yoshioki's governance of the southern half of Sakai and the temples and shrines in Kyōto and Nara, Yoshioki confronted a series of requests from representatives of the Court and the "bakufu" to return the provincial governorate to the Tōdai Temple in order to prevent its closing. While leaders of the Tōdai Temple appealed for support from the Kōfuku and other temples of local influence, the Tōdai Temple became isolated in its bid after the others refused support out of fear that Yoshioki would abandon the policy to protect the temples and shrines under his domain. In 1509, Yoshioki brought the situation under control by declaring that the provincial governorate would be returned to the Tōdai Temple.

paragraph: Conflict between Yoshioki and his rivals came to a head at the Battle of Nyoigatake on a summer night in 1509, when Yoshioki joined with Hosokawa Takakuni to defeat Sumimoto and Yukinaga in a large-scale battle. After Sumimoto and his supporters fled to their base in Awa Province in Shikoku, in 1510, Yoshioki and Takakuni invaded Ōmi Province, but lost overwhelmingly to "kokukjin" who backed Sumimoto. This encouraged supporters of Ashikaga Yoshizumi to plan for a final showdown by invading Settsu Province in the summer of 1511. The ensuing Battle of Ashiyagawara occurred near Takao Castle. Takakuni ordered his retainer, Kawarabayashi Masayori, to construct the castle to serve as a forward operating base intended to thwart the advance of Sumimoto from Awa Province into the Kinai Region and, in particular, the capital of Kyōto. Sumimoto called upon forces from Shikoku under the command of Hosokawa Masakata and Hosokawa Mototsune to augment the army under Hosokawa Hisaharu, "shugo" of Awaji Province. Meanwhile, Takakuni ordered the mobilization of powerful "kokujin" from Settsu Province, including retainers of the Ikeda, Itami, Miyake, Ibaraki, Fukui, Ōta, Irie, and Takase clans. The contingent totaled as many as 20,000 men but lost an initial clash at Fukai Castle in Izumi Province. When Masayori reported to Takakuni that the invading forces had made landfall in Hyōgo under the command of Hisaharu, Takakuni dispatched a unit of over thirty elite cavalry, including Hatano Tanemichi, together with 3000 soldiers. This led to a fierce clash against the defenders in Takao Castle and in the environs of the Ashiya River. Sumimoto drew further support from Akamatsu Yoshimura, "shugo" of neighboring Harima Province and Hosokawa Yukimochi, his older brother and "shugo" of Awa Province, ultimately ending in a loss for Takakuni after Masayori abandoned Takao Castle and fled at night to Itami Castle in Tanba Province. Within days after the end of the Battle of Ashiyagawara, Ashikaga Yoshizumi suddenly died, and Yoshioki recaptured control of Kyōto after his forces defeated Sumimoto's men in the Battle of Funaokayama Castle. Prior to retreating to Suō Province, Yoshioki ordered Tagaya Takeshige to firmly protect Sakai, which had the additional consequence of blocking the passage of forces from Shikoku to support Sumimoto.

paragraph: In 1512, Yoshioki was promoted from the rank of "jusanmi", or second grade of the third rank of honor, to "kugyō" - a high-ranking court noble. Emperor Gokashiwabara made this decision over the intentions of Ashikaga Yoshitada, the "shōgun", whereby Yoshitada acknowledged that he must honor the wishes of the Emperor. He then had his daughter wed Ashikaga Yoshitsuna, the second son of Yoshizumi.

paragraph: Section::::Competition for the rights to the China trade.

paragraph: In 1516, the "shōgun" and his "bugyō", or administrators, issued declarations granting perpetual, exclusive rights to the Ōuchi clan to manage trade with the Ming Dynasty of China. Prior to this award, the Hosokawa from Sakai and the Ōuchi from Hakata conducted trade on an independent basis with China, and competed with one another for a license from the "bakufu" to officially recognize their trading rights with the Ming Dynasty. Much to the disdain of Hosokawa Takakuni, an exclusive grant of rights to the Ōuchi meant that Hakata would become the center of trade with China, resulting in a significant loss of revenue. Owing to the military support for the Ōuchi, Takakuni could not overturn the declaration. However, in 1519, after Yoshioki returned to Yamaguchi, Takakuni made plans to change the situation. In 1523, Yoshioki dispatched Kendō Sōsetsu as his emissary to China. Meanwhile, Takakuni sent Rankō Zuisa as his chief emissary and Song Suqing as the vice-emissary. He furnished them with an expired seal from the Hongzhi emperor, and had them take a southern sea route. To the disadvantage of the Hosokawa, the ship for the Ōuchi arrived first in Ningbo harbor, but Sokei bribed the customs office at the harbor to have their ship inspected first. In an incident known as the Ningbo incident, the Ōuchi responded by attacking and torching the Hosokawa vessel. The Ōuchi also directed their wrath toward the Chinese authorities for having favored the Hosokawa. In this conflict, Kendō Sōsetsu killed Rankō Zuisa. Song Suqing and the Chinese harbor officials fled to Shaoxing.

paragraph: Gradually, Ashikaga Yoshitane (having changed his name from Yoshitada following his return as "shōgun") had a falling out with Takakuni, while "kokujin" from Iwami and Aki provinces who could no longer endure their extended stays in Kyōto began to depart on their own accord. Amago Tsunehisa from Izumo Province saw this as an opportunity to commence an invasion. In order to strike against members of the Amago residing in the capital, Yoshioki became the "shugo" of Iwami in 1517, and banded together with wealthy families from Iwami Province, including the Masuda and Kikkawa clans. Nevertheless, unable to halt the expanding influence of the Amago, in 1518, Yoshioki resigned his official post as "kanreidai" and left Sakai to return to Yamaguchi.

paragraph: Section::::Contests in the Western provinces.

paragraph: After returning home, Yoshioki focused on battles against warriors from Aki Province who rebelled while he was in Kyōto, including Takeda Motoshige and his son, Takeda Mitsukazu, along with Tomoda Okifuji, lord of Itsukushima Castle. In 1523, Amago Tsunehisa aimed to enter Aki, and through collaboration with the Takeda and Tomoda, launched an invasion into the Ōuchi territory. The Amago forces attacked Hashiura in Iwami, and the Mōri clan of Aki betrayed the Ōuchi in favor of the Amago. Tsunehisa leveraged Mōri Motonari to have him attack Kagamiyama Castle, the economic center of the Ōuchi in Aki, which caught the Ōuchi off guard. Motonari had earlier served as custodian for Mōri Kōmatsumaru, head of the Mōri clan. Yoshioki responded by dispatching troops to Aki and Iwami provinces. Despite engaging in a protracted conflict with the Amago, Yoshioki could not achieve victory. In 1524, the Ōuchi attacked Sakurao Castle, a bastion of the Tomoda clan located in Itsukushima in Aki Province, and defeated the Amago army in battle at Satōkanayama Castle. In 1525, Motonari cut ties with the Amago clan and aligned with the Ōuchi, enabling the Ōuchi to recover some of their influence in Aki. Meanwhile, the Amago battled against the Yamana clan which controlled the eastern portions of the Sanyō Region, allowing Yoshioki to recapture control of Iwami. The Ōuchi made progress in an ongoing conflict with Shōni Sukemoto in northern Kyūshū. Yamana Nobutoyo, "shugo" of Bingo Province, lost control after enduring attacks from Tsunehisa from the north and Sue Okifusa from the west under orders from Yoshioki. As a result, Bingo became the stage for conflict between the Amago and Ōuchi. In 1527, Okifusa defeated Tsunehisa at the Battle of Hosozawayama, while Nobutoyo and Yamauchi Naomichi continued resistance against the Amago. In 1528, Yoshioki fell ill during preparation for the assault on Kadoyama Castle in Aki, and died at the age of fifty-two soon after returning to Yamaguchi. Yoshioki's eldest son, Yoshitaka, inherited his position as head of the clan.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wikipedia in Japanese – translation of Ōuchi Yoshioki「大内義興」page with elements from related links.

description: Japanese samurai

wikidata_label: Ōuchi Yoshioki

wikipedia_title: Ōuchi Yoshioki


text: Chinese painter

text: Song dynasty

text: Xia Gui

text: Zhe School

text: Shūbun

text: Sesshū

text: Hangzhou

text: Zhejiang

text: Northern Song

text: Emperor Guangzong

text: Emperor Ningzong

text: Ma Lin

text: Li Tang

text: flower paintings

text: National Palace Museum

text: Taipei

text: Palace Museum

text: Beijing

text: Zen

text: Tenryū-ji

text: Kyoto

text: Walking on a Mountain Path in Spring

text: Museum of Fine Arts

text: Boston

text: Cleveland

text: Ohio

text: Cincinnati Art Museum

text: fishing reel

text: Culture of the Song Dynasty

text: Chinese painting

text: Chinese art

text: History of Chinese art

text: Dunlop, Ronald Ossory

text: Ma Yuan Painting Gallery

text: Sung and Yuan paintings

categories: 12th-century Chinese painters,1225 deaths,1160s births,Artists from Hangzhou,13th-century Chinese painters,Song dynasty landscape painters

paragraph: Ma Yuan (painter)

paragraph: Ma Yuan (; c. 1160–65 – 1225) was a Chinese painter of the Song dynasty. His works, together with that of Xia Gui, formed the basis of the so-called Ma-Xia (馬夏) school of painting, and are considered among the finest from the period. His works has inspired both Chinese artists of the Zhe School, as well as the great early Japanese painters Shūbun and Sesshū.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Biography.

paragraph: Ma Yuan was born in Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) into a family of painters. His great grandfather Ma Fen served as painter in attendance at the Northern Song court in early 12th century, and both his grandfather Ma Xingzu and his father Ma Shirong held the same position at the Southern Song court in Hangzhou. At some point after 1189, Ma Yuan received the same position under Emperor Guangzong. He evidently enjoyed a high reputation at the court and was a favorite of Emperor Ningzong (who wrote several poems inspired by Ma Yuan's paintings); but nothing more is known about his life. He died in 1225. His son, Ma Lin, who rose to the rank of painter-in-waiting, was the last painter in the family.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Works.

paragraph: Although a very versatile painter, Ma is known today primarily for his landscape scrolls. His technique, like that of many contemporaries, was at first inspired by Li Tang. Eventually Ma developed a personal style, with marked decorative elements ("pine trees [...] strong as if they were made of iron wire", as described in a contemporary source). A characteristic feature of many paintings is the so-called "one-corner" composition, in which the actual subjects of the painting are pushed to a corner or a side, leaving the other part of the painting more or less empty.

paragraph: Aside from landscapes, Ma's surviving oeuvre includes many different types of works. These include a number of delicate flower paintings (National Palace Museum, Taipei), a series of paintings of water and mountains (Palace Museum, Beijing), some paintings of Zen masters (two kept in Tenryū-ji, Kyoto), etc. Many album leaves survive that can attributed to Ma Yuan, but his authorship is disputed for all but a few of them, since Ma's popularity in his day led to numerous painters imitating his style. "Walking on a Mountain Path in Spring" (National Palace Museum) is among the album leaves with secure attribution, as are two leaves in the collection of Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, and one in Mr. and Mrs. Dean Perry Collection, Cleveland, Ohio. A group of hand scrolls survives as well, including one of the most important works, "The Four Sages of Shangshan", in the collection of the Cincinnati Art Museum in Ohio. In the history of science and technology in China, Ma Yuan is remembered as being the first to depict a fishing reel in artwork (i.e. in his painting ).

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Culture of the Song Dynasty

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chinese painting

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chinese art

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of Chinese art

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.:Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dunlop, Ronald Ossory. 1954. "Landscape Painting: Ma Yüan to Picasso". London: Seeley, Service & Co.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ma Yuan Painting Gallery at China Online Museum

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sung and Yuan paintings, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Ma Yuan (see list of paintings)

description: Chinese painter from Song Dynasty

wikidata_label: Ma Yuan

wikipedia_title: Ma Yuan (painter)


text: shortstop

text: manager

text: coach

text: Major League Baseball

text: Giants

text: John McGraw

text: Yankees

text: Miller Huggins

text: Joe McCarthy

text: Collinsville, Illinois

text: minor league

text: World Series

text: Philadelphia Phillies

text: hits

text: batting average

text: Kaiser Wilhelm

text: Stuffy McInnis

text: legendary

text: American League

text: erysipelas

text: pyaemia

text: heart attack

text: Los Angeles

text: The Dead Ball Era

categories: Major League Baseball shortstops,1885 births,Dallas Giants players,Baseball players from Illinois,New York Yankees coaches,People from Collinsville, Illinois,Philadelphia Phillies managers,New York Yankees managers,New York Giants (NL) players,Major League Baseball third base coaches,1950 deaths

paragraph: Art Fletcher

paragraph: Arthur Fletcher (January 5, 1885 – February 6, 1950) was an American shortstop, manager and coach in Major League Baseball. Fletcher was associated with two New York City baseball dynasties: the Giants of John McGraw as a player; and the Yankees of Miller Huggins and Joe McCarthy as a coach.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Born in Collinsville, Illinois, he batted and threw right-handed, stood tall and weighed .

paragraph: Fletcher came to the Giants in after only one season of minor league experience, and became the club's regular shortstop two years later. He played in four World Series while performing for McGraw (1911, 1912, 1913 and 1917). Traded to the Philadelphia Phillies in the midst of the season, he retired after the 1922 campaign with 1,534 hits and a .277 batting average. Fletcher is the Giants' career leader in being hit by pitches (132) and ranks 21st on the MLB career list (141) for the same statistic.

paragraph: In he replaced Kaiser Wilhelm as manager of the seventh-place Phillies and led the club through four losing seasons, bookended by last-place finishes in 1923 and 1926. In October 1926, he was replaced by Stuffy McInnis.

paragraph: Fletcher then began a 19-year tenure (1927–45) as a coach for the Yankees, where, beginning with the legendary team, he would participate on ten American League pennant winners and nine World Series champions. On a tragic note, he served as the acting manager of Yankees for the last 11 games of the season when Huggins, 50, was fatally stricken with erysipelas and pyaemia. Fletcher won six of those 11 games, to compile a career major league managing record of 237-383 (.382).

paragraph: Fletcher retired after the 1945 season and died from a heart attack in 1950 in Los Angeles at the age of 65.

paragraph: Arthur Fletcher Field, in his Illinois hometown, is named for him. The field is home of the Collinsville High School Kahoks, the Collinsville Miners American Legion team, and the Collinsville Herr Travelers junior legion team.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball career stolen bases leaders

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Dead Ball Era

description: American baseball player and coach

wikidata_label: Art Fletcher

wikipedia_title: Art Fletcher


text:
Wuppertal
Hamburg
German
Protestant
theologian
rector
University of Hamburg
Gymnasium
Abitur
philosophy
theology
Erlangen
thyroid
pulmonary embolism
tetanus
Karl Barth
Bonn
anthropology
Paul Althaus
Nazi-Regime
Confessing Church
systematic theology
Heidelberg
Gestapo
Ravensburg
Theophil Wurm
Stuttgart
Bultmann's
demythologisation
Freiburger Kreis
Evangelical Academy
Bad Boll
Korntal
Frankfurt
Tübingen
Hamburg
St. Michaelis
Billy Graham
Jimmy Carter
Andere Zeiten (in German).
Oil Lamp Books
Oil Lamp Books

categories: 1908 births,People from Wuppertal,University of Hamburg faculty,1985 deaths,People from the Rhine Province,German Lutheran theologians,20th-century German Protestant theologians

paragraph: Helmut Thielicke

paragraph: Helmut Thielicke (4 December 1908 in Wuppertal – 5 March 1986 in Hamburg) was a German Protestant theologian and rector of the University of Hamburg from 1960 to 1978.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Thielicke grew up in Wuppertal, where he went to a humanistic Gymnasium and took his Abitur in 1928. After this he began to study philosophy and theology in Erlangen, but soon had to undergo an operation on his thyroid. Despite the negative outcome of this operation (pulmonary embolism, tetanus), which were still causing complications 4 years later, he finished his studies and in 1932 he got his doctorate in philosophy with ""Das Verhältnis zwischen dem Ethischen und dem Ästethischen"" ("The relationship between the ethical and the aesthetic").

paragraph: After his health improved, Thielicke listened to Karl Barth in Bonn, whom he criticized, mainly because of Barth's exclusion of natural anthropology. Eventually he did his doctor's degree in theology in 1934 with a work under the supervision of Paul Althaus in Erlangen. He took his postdoctoral lecture qualification with ""Offenbarung, Vernunft und Existenz. Studien zur Religionsphilosophie Lessings"" ("Revelation, reason and existence; studies in Lessing's religious philosophy") in 1935 under the growing pressure of the Nazi-Regime, which refused him an appointment to Erlangen in view of his activity within the "Confessing Church". In 1936 he obtained a professorship in systematic theology in Heidelberg, where he met Marie-Luise Herrmann, to whom he was married in 1937. They had four children.

paragraph: After repeated interrogations by the Gestapo from the mid-1930s onwards, he was finally dismissed in 1940. Thielicke was conscripted, but nine months later he was able to take over a church in Ravensburg with the help of regional bishop Theophil Wurm. In 1942 he assumed theological office in Stuttgart, from where he delivered numerous sermons and went on lecture tours, continually made difficult by the government by means of bans on travel, publication and preaching. Thielicke published a critique of Bultmann's composition about the demythologisation of the New Testament, which gave rise to a respectful, but inconclusive correspondence between the two. He also contacted the resistance group Freiburger Kreis, but without working actively in their plans for a revolution. Hoping to promote Christian democracy in postwar Germany, he proposed a plan in 1942 that led to the establishment of the first Evangelical Academy in Bad Boll in 1945.

paragraph: The bombing of Stuttgart in 1944 forced Thielicke and his family to go to Korntal, where he continued his lecture tours and preaching services in the following years; these were anonymously translated into many languages in Switzerland and read on various fronts of the war. Immediately after the end of the war Thielicke traveled with a group of delegates to Frankfurt, where he was invited by the government to participate in talks regarding the resumption of academic work to fill the political and academic vacuum of the postwar period. As a consequence, he took over a professorship at the newly reopened theological faculty in Tübingen in 1947, being made administrative head of the university and President of the Chancellor's Conference in 1951. In 1954, continuing his postwar efforts to revive Germany's academic and spiritual heritage, he accepted a call to Hamburg to found a new theological faculty, where he acted as both dean and professor while also pastoring the main church of Hamburg, St. Michaelis.

paragraph: He met with Billy Graham and was received by President Jimmy Carter during lecture tours in the United States in 1977. Thielicke also traveled to Asia, South Africa, Latin America, Australia and New Zealand in the 1960s and 1970s.

paragraph: Thielicke died 1986 in Hamburg, aged 77.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Andere Zeiten (in German).

paragraph: Section::::Selected English Translations of Works by Thielicke.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Notes from a Wayfarer; the Autobiography of Helmut Thielicke" Translated by David R. Law. New York: Paragon House, 1995.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Little Exercise for Young Theologians" Translated by Charles L. Taylor. Foreword by Martin E. Marty. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1962.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Man in God's World" Translated and edited by John W. Doberstein. New York: Harper & Row, 1963.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nihilism: Its Origin and Nature -- With a Christian Answer" Translated by John W. Doberstein. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1961.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Between God and Satan" Translated by C.C. Barber. Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, 1958. [Republished: Farmington Hills, MI: Oil Lamp Books, 2010; ]

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Theological Ethics" Translated by William H. Lazareth. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1966-69.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Waiting Father: Sermons on the Parables of Jesus" Translated by John W. Doberstein. New York: Harper & Row, 1959.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Encounter with Spurgeon" Translated by John W. Doberstein. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1963.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "How the World Began: Man in the First Chapters of the Bible" Translated with an introduction by John W. Doberstein. Philadelphia: Muhlenberg, 1961.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Ethics of Sex" Translated by John W. Doberstein. New York: Harper & Row, 1964.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Faith, the Great Adventure" Translated by David L. Schmidt. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1985.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Freedom of the Christian Man: A Christian Confrontation with the Secular Gods" Translated by John W. Doberstein. New York: Harper & Row, 1963.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Hidden Question of God" Translated by Geoffrey W. Bromiley. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1977.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Christ and the Meaning of Life: A Book of Sermons and Meditations" Translated by John W. Doberstein. New York: Harper & Row, 1962.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Our Heavenly Father: Sermons on the Lord's Prayer" Translated by John W. Doberstein. New York: Harper & Row, 1960.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Silence of God" Translated with an introduction by Geoffrey W. Bromiley. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1962. [Republished: Farmington Hills, MI: Oil Lamp Books, 2010; ]

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Life Can Begin Again: Sermons on the Sermon on the Mount" Translated by John W. Doberstein. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1963.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Between Heaven and Earth: Conversations with American Christians" Translated and edited by John W. Doberstein. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1975, 1965.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Believe: the Christian's Creed" Translated by John W. Doberstein and H. George Anderson. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1968.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "How to Believe Again" Translated by H. George Anderson. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1972.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Evangelical Faith" Translated and edited by Geoffrey W. Bromiley, 3 vols. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1974-1977.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Modern Faith and Thought" Translated by Geoffrey W. Bromiley. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1990.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Living With Death" Translated by Geoffrey W. Bromiley. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1983.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Being Human -- Becoming Human: An Essay in Christian Anthropology" Translated by Geoffrey W. Bromiley. Garden City: Doubleday, 1984.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Being Christian When the Chips are Down" Translated by H. George Anderson. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1979.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "How Modern Should Theology Be?" Translated by H. George Anderson. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1969.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Trouble With The Church: A Call For Renewal" London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1965.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Helmut Thielicke," "Contemporary Authors Online." The Gale Group, 2000

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lawrence S. Cunningham, "Notes From a Wayfarer (review)," "Commonweal," Jan 12, 1996 v123 n1 p27(3)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marvin J. Dirks, "Laymen Look at Preaching: Lay Expectation Factors in Relation to the Preaching of Helmut Thielicke," Christopher Pub. House (North Quincy, MA), 1972.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Steve Schroeder, "Notes From a Wayfarer (review)," Booklist, June 1, 1995 v91 n19-20 p1698(1)

description: German theologian

wikidata_label: Helmut Thielicke

wikipedia_title: Helmut Thielicke


text: American

text: prelate

text: Roman Catholic Church

text: Coadjutor Bishop

text: Auxiliary Bishop

text: Daniel F. Walsh

text: Pope Benedict XVI

text: Bishop of Baker

text: Oregon

text: sede vacante

text: Daniel F. Walsh

text: Lincoln

text: Nebraska

text: Holy Trinity Seminary

text: Dallas

text: Texas

text: Master of Divinity

text: ordained

text: priesthood

text: Glennon Patrick Flavin

text: curate

text: Cathedral of the Risen Christ

text: Pius X High School

text: advocate

text: Pontifical Gregorian University

text: Rome

text: Licentiate of Canon Law

text: chancellor

text: Diocese of Lincoln

text: Columbian Squires

text: judicial vicar

text: pastor

text: St. James Church

text: Cortland

text: St. Stephen Church

text: Exter

text: St. Peter Church

text: Honorary Prelate of His Holiness

text: vicar general

text: Moderator of the Curia

text: chairman

text: St. Michael Church

text: Cheney

text: Bishop of Baker

text: Oregon

text: Pope John Paul II

text: episcopal

text: consecration

text: John George Vlazny

text: Thomas Joseph Connolly

text: Fabian Bruskewitz

text: co-consecrators

text: support

text: abortion

text: heresy

text: Barack Obama

text: health care legislation

text: Pope Francis

text: Coadjutor Bishop

text: Daniel F. Walsh

text: Catholic

text: Catholic Church hierarchy

text: Catholic Church in the United States

categories: Roman Catholic Diocese of Lincoln,Roman Catholic bishops of Santa Rosa in California,American people of Czech descent,Roman Catholic Ecclesiastical Province of Portland,American Roman Catholic bishops,Pontifical North American College alumni,1951 births,21st-century Roman Catholic bishops,Pontifical Gregorian University alumni,Roman Catholic bishops of Baker,Living people

paragraph: Robert F. Vasa

paragraph: Robert Francis Vasa (born May 7, 1951) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. On Monday, January 24, 2011, Bishop Vasa, 59, was named the Coadjutor Bishop (an Auxiliary Bishop with the right of succession), to Bishop Daniel F. Walsh of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Santa Rosa in California, by Pope Benedict XVI. Until then, he had been the fifth Bishop of Baker, in Oregon, which with his new appointment became a vacant see (sede vacante).

paragraph: On 30 June 2011, Bishop Daniel F. Walsh's resignation was accepted by Pope Benedict XVI, and so Bishop Vasa officially succeeded him as Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Santa Rosa in California immediately afterwards.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Robert F. Vasa was born in Lincoln, Nebraska, to Joe and Leona Vasa. From 1972 to 1976, he studied at Holy Trinity Seminary in Dallas, Texas, from where he obtained a Master of Divinity degree.

paragraph: Section::::Early service.

paragraph: He was ordained to the priesthood by Bishop Glennon Patrick Flavin on May 22, 1976. He then served as a curate at the Cathedral of the Risen Christ and a teacher at Pius X High School in Lincoln until 1977, when he became an advocate on the Diocesan Marriage Tribunal. In 1979, he was sent to further his studies at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome, earning a Licentiate of Canon Law in 1981.

paragraph: Section::::Later service.

paragraph: Following his return to Nebraska, Vasa was named assistant chancellor of the Diocese of Lincoln and afterwards Father Prior of Columbian Squires. He became judicial vicar of the Diocesan Tribunal and pastor of St. James Church at Cortland in 1985. He directed the Remodeling and Fund Drive for St. Stephen Church in Exter. In addition to his duties as judicial vicar, he was appointed pastor of St. Peter Church at Lincoln in 1990. He was raised to the rank of Honorary Prelate of His Holiness in 1995. In 1996 he was named vicar general of the diocese and Moderator of the Curia. He became chairman of the Diocesan Building Commission in 1996 and served as pastor of St. Michael Church in Cheney from 1997 to 1999.

paragraph: Section::::Later service.:Bishop of Baker.

paragraph: On November 19, 1999, Vasa was named the fifth Bishop of Baker, Oregon, by Pope John Paul II. He received his episcopal consecration on January 26, 2000 from Archbishop John George Vlazny, with Bishops Thomas Joseph Connolly and Fabian Bruskewitz serving as co-consecrators. In 2006, he implied that people who support abortion are guilty of heresy. In 2009, he described President Barack Obama's health care legislation as "fatally flawed."

paragraph: In February 2010, according to a December 21, 2010 Catholic News Service online article about the status of another formerly Catholic hospital, Bishop Vasa had stated that St. Charles Medical Center in Bend, Oregon, located within the Baker Diocese, had "gradually moved away" from the church's ethical directives and can no longer be called Catholic. As a result of that decision, Mass is no longer celebrated in the hospital's chapel and all items considered Catholic were removed from the hospital and returned to the church. The hospital retained the St. Charles name and a cross remains atop the building."

paragraph: Section::::Later service.:Bishop of Santa Rosa.

paragraph: On January 24, 2011, Pope Francis appointed Vasa as Coadjutor Bishop for the Roman Catholic Diocese of Santa Rosa in California. He was installed on March 6, 2011. On June 30, 2011, he succeeded Daniel F. Walsh as bishop of Santa Rosa.

paragraph: Bishop Vasa has also engaged as the Episcopal Advisor to several Catholic organizations including the Catholic Medical Association, which he served as Advisor of until 2014, and the online religious education provider, CatechismClass, to which Bishop Vasa currently serves as their Episcopal Advisor.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church hierarchy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church in the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roman Catholic Diocese of Santa Rosa Official Site

description: Catholic bishop

wikidata_label: Robert F. Vasa

wikipedia_title: Robert F. Vasa


text: American

text: singer–songwriter

text: actress

text: Baby Come to Me

text: Make It Like It Was

text: Peabo Bryson

text: Without You

text: comedy film

text: Leonard Part 6

text: A Whole New World

text: Disney

text: animated

text: feature

text: film

text: "Aladdin"

text: Grammy award

text: Far Longer than Forever

text: The Swan Princess

text: Jeffrey Osborne

text: Golden Globe

text: Best Original Song

text: Englewood, New Jersey

text: Dwight Morrow High School

text: trombone

text: tuba

text: steel drum

text: Manhattan School of Music

text: Rutgers University

text: Phyllis Hyman

text: Billie Holiday

text: Shirley Caesar

text: Patti LaBelle

text: Nancy Wilson

text: the Manhattans

text: Columbia Records

text: All by Myself

text: Without You

text: comedy film

text: Leonard Part 6

text: Adult Contemporary (chart)

text: UK Singles

text: Stay with Me

text: Johnny Mathis

text: Peabo Bryson

text: Without You

text: A Whole New World

text: Passion

text: Disney

text: A Whole New World

text: Far Longer than Forever

text: The Swan Princess

text: Jeffrey Osborne

text: Golden Globe

text: Best Original Song

text: Reachin' Back

text: Believe in Me

text: To Grover, With Love

text: Peak-Concord Jazz

text: This Is Regina!

text: Glenn Jones

text: Lazy Afternoon

text: George Duke

text: Isley Brothers

text: Tony Bennett

text: smooth jazz

text: saxophonist

text: Paul Taylor

text: Love Forever Shines

text: Shirley Murdock

text: Ray Charles

text: Boney James

text: Paul Taylor

text: The Rippingtons

text: Gerald Albright

text: Will Downing

text: Maze

text: Frankie Beverly

text: Phil Perry

text: Al Jarreau

text: Stephanie Mills

text: Horace Alexander Young

text: John Battle

text: Atlanta, Georgia

text: American Music Award

text: Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist

text: Grammy Award

text: MTV Movie Awards

text: Best Song From a Movie

text: List of number-one hits (United States)

text: Regina Belle

text: Regina Belle 2016 Audio Interview

categories: 1963 births,Singers from New Jersey,Grammy Award winners,People from Englewood, New Jersey,Concord Records artists,American female pop singers,Dwight Morrow High School alumni,21st-century women singers,American soul singers,African-American female singers,American contemporary R&B singers,Living people,20th-century American women singers

paragraph: Regina Belle

paragraph: Regina Belle (born July 17, 1963) is an American singer–songwriter and actress who started her career in the mid-1980s. Known for her singles "Baby Come to Me" (1989) and "Make It Like It Was" (1990), Belle's most notable for two hit duets, both with Peabo Bryson: "Without You", the love theme from the comedy film "Leonard Part 6", recorded in 1987 and "A Whole New World", the main theme of the Disney's animated feature film "Aladdin", recorded in 1992, with which Belle and Bryson won the Grammy award.

paragraph: The theme song "Far Longer than Forever" from the animated movie "The Swan Princess", performed with Jeffrey Osborne, was nominated for a Golden Globe in 1995 for Best Original Song.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life and education.

paragraph: Belle was born in Englewood, New Jersey. It was at Englewood's Mount Calvary Baptist Church, and then Paterson's Friendship Baptist Church (presided over by Belle's uncle, the Reverend Fred Belle), that Belle began attracting attention with her vocal abilities. She sang her first solo in church at the age of eight. She attended Dwight Morrow High School, where she studied trombone, tuba and steel drums. After graduation, Belle studied opera at the Manhattan School of Music. She attended Rutgers University and became the first female vocalist with the school's jazz ensemble.

paragraph: Belle's musical influences include Phyllis Hyman, Billie Holiday, Shirley Caesar, Patti LaBelle, and Nancy Wilson. She was introduced to the Manhattans by New York radio DJ Vaughn Harper and began working as their opening act. She recorded the duet "Where Did We Go Wrong" with the group which helped to attract the attention of Columbia Records. They eventually signed her to a record deal.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Career.

paragraph: In 1987, she released her debut album "All by Myself." It includes her first hits "So Many Tears" and "Show Me the Way". In the same year, Belle recorded her first successful duet with Peabo Bryson: the song "Without You", the love theme from the comedy film "Leonard Part 6", also released in 1987. The song was her first single to appear on the Adult Contemporary (chart), peaking at #8 and was also her first single to appear in four charts, including the UK Singles, peaking at #85, her best position in this chart until 1989. Her follow-up album, "Stay with Me", released in 1989. Belle recorded a duet in 1991 with Johnny Mathis, "Better Together" which appeared on his album "Better Together: The Duet Album". Continuing her tradition of duets, Belle teamed up with Peabo Bryson for four songs: "Without You" (in 1987), "I Can't Imagine" (in 1991), "A Whole New World" (in 1992) and "Total Praise" (in 2009).

paragraph: Later in 1993, she released her Platinum selling third album, "Passion". The album featured the Disney hit, "A Whole New World". The theme song "Far Longer than Forever" from the animated movie "The Swan Princess", performed with Jeffrey Osborne was nominated for a Golden Globe in 1995 for Best Original Song. She released "Reachin' Back" in 1995 followed by "Believe in Me" in 1998.

paragraph: In 2001, her cover of "Just the Two of Us" from the tribute album "To Grover, With Love" made a surprising return to the "Billboard" charts. Within months Belle would sign with the jazz-oriented independent label Peak-Concord Jazz. She released the album "This Is Regina!", which featured the R&B hit single "Ooh Boy", and also released were, "Don't Wanna Go Home" and "From Now On" with Glenn Jones. In 2004, she released a jazz standard album, "Lazy Afternoon", produced by George Duke. The album included covers of the Isley Brothers' "For the Love of You" and Tony Bennett's "If I Ruled the World". In 2007, she collaborated with smooth jazz saxophonist Paul Taylor, co-writing and singing on his album "Ladies Choice". Belle released her debut gospel album "Love Forever Shines" on May 13, 2008, via Pendulum Records. The 14-track collection features guests Melvin Williams (of the Williams Brothers) and Shirley Murdock. On June 5, 2012, Belle released on Pendulum her second gospel album, called "Higher", on which she stated: "I think that, with the second CD ["Higher"] I had a better understanding of where I wanted to go [compared to "Love Forever Shines"]". Belle has appeared in concert with many other performers, including Ray Charles, Boney James, Paul Taylor, The Rippingtons, Gerald Albright, Will Downing, Maze, Frankie Beverly, Phil Perry, Al Jarreau, and Stephanie Mills.

paragraph: Section::::Personal.

paragraph: Belle has been married twice. Her first marriage was to saxophonist and flute player Horace Alexander Young from 1985 until 1990, and together they had a daughter named Tiy (born 1989).

paragraph: Belle married former NBA basketball player John Battle on June 25, 1991. The couple has five children, three of which are adopted : Winter, Tiy, son Jayln. After suffering miscarriages of two sets of twin boys, the couple had daughter Sydney (born 1994) and Nyla (born November 10, 1995). Belle has two grandchildren from Winter, Thea and Joshua.

paragraph: Regina successfully battled a brain tumor in 2009. However, she is now deaf in her left ear.

paragraph: Regina and her husband reside in Atlanta, Georgia. John is a pastor.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Compilations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997: "Baby Come to Me: The Best of Regina Belle"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001: "Super Hits"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006: "Love Songs"

paragraph: Section::::Awards and nominations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- American Music Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1991, Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist (Nominated)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grammy Award

paragraph: | 1991

paragraph: BULLET::::- MTV Movie Awards

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1993, Best Song From a Movie: "A Whole New World" (Nominated)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of number-one hits (United States)

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of artists who reached number one on the Hot 100

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Regina Belle official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Regina Belle 2016 Audio Interview at Soulinterviews.com

description: American singer

wikidata_label: Regina Belle

wikipedia_title: Regina Belle


text: American

text: baseball

text: Major League Baseball

text: center fielder

text: Chicago White Sox

text: American League

text: All-Star

text: Gold Glove Award

text: center fielder

text: Richmond High School

text: Richmond, California

text: third baseman

text: Contra Costa College

text: San Pablo, California

text: U.S. Army

text: Korean Conflict

text: Alaska

text: Chicago White Sox

text: "Go-Go White Sox"

text: American League

text: Pennant

text: double

text: American League

text: sacrifice hits

text: putouts

text: outfielder

text: 1959 World Series

text: Los Angeles Dodgers

text: stolen bases

text: home run

text: triples

text: RBI

text: American League

text: Gold Glove Award

text: fielding average

text: Kansas City Athletics

text: Cleveland Indians

text: Houston Astros

text: Detroit Tigers

text: Boston Red Sox

text: fielding percentage

text: Napa, California

text: née

categories: Boston Red Sox players,Chicago White Sox players,Cleveland Indians players,American League All-Stars,Sportspeople from Fresno, California,Detroit Tigers players,Kansas City Athletics players,Houston Astros players,People from Napa, California,Major League Baseball center fielders,Baseball players from California,1934 births,2017 deaths,Deaths from cancer in California,Deaths from lung cancer,Gold Glove Award winners

paragraph: Jim Landis

paragraph: James Henry Landis (March 9, 1934 – October 7, 2017) was an American professional baseball player. Landis played in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a center fielder on six teams from 1957 through 1967. While playing eight seasons for the Chicago White Sox, he was an American League (AL) All-Star in 1962 and an AL Gold Glove Award winner five consecutive seasons. Landis is considered to be one of the best defensive center fielders in major-league history.

paragraph: Landis attended Richmond High School in Richmond, California where he starred in baseball as a third baseman and Contra Costa College in San Pablo, California. He was signed by the White Sox as an amateur free agent in 1952. Landis served in the U.S. Army during the Korean Conflict in 1954 and 1955, and was stationed in Alaska before beginning his major league career.

paragraph: Section::::Major League career.

paragraph: Landis began his career in the major leagues playing for the Chicago White Sox in 1957, where he remained for seven more seasons. He helped the "Go-Go White Sox" win the 1959 American League Pennant, hitting .272 with 26 doubles. He led the American League that season with 13 sacrifice hits and 426 and 420 putouts as a center fielder and an outfielder, and hit .292 during the 1959 World Series against the Los Angeles Dodgers.

paragraph: In the 1960 season, he hit .253 and had 23 stolen bases. In 1961, he hit .283 with 22 home runs, 8 triples, 85 RBIs, and won his first of five consecutive American League Gold Glove Awards. In 1962, he played in two All-Star games. In 1963, Landis led the American League in fielding with a .993 fielding average both as a center fielder and an outfielder.

paragraph: Landis was traded on January 20, 1965 to the Kansas City Athletics, where he played one season. He also played one season for the Cleveland Indians in 1966. In 1967, he finished his 11-year major league career playing for three teams: The Houston Astros, Detroit Tigers, and the Boston Red Sox.

paragraph: Known more for his defensive abilities, Landis posted a .989 fielding percentage at all three outfield positions in his major league career.

paragraph: Section::::Later years.

paragraph: Landis went into the safety sign business for several years after playing professional baseball and also coached for Babe Ruth League baseball. He made his home in Napa, California, with his wife Sandy (née Foster).

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Landis succumbed after a 3-month battle with lung cancer at his home in Napa on October 7, 2017, the day following his 61st wedding anniversary. He was 83.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: The Chicago White Sox announced on September 30, 2000, that Jim Landis and 26 other former and active White Sox players were members of the Chicago White Sox All-Century Team. He was honored by fans in Chicago as "The Best All-Time Chicago Center Fielder".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Baseball Almanac" interview with Jim Landis

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Jim Landis

wikipedia_title: Jim Landis


text: American

text: left fielder

text: Major League Baseball

text: Chicago White Sox

text: Cleveland Indians

text: Austin, Texas

text: University of Texas

text: 1919 Black Sox scandal

text: Shoeless Joe Jackson

text: batting average

text: doubles

text: runs batted in

text: MVP voting

text: Chick Autry

text: coaching

text: Boston Red Sox

text: University of Texas

text: College World Series

text: Disch-Falk Field

text: Billy Disch

text: Cleveland Public Library

text: Eugene Murdock

categories: Chicago White Sox players,Texas Longhorns baseball coaches,Cleveland Indians players,Toledo Mud Hens players,1899 births,1989 deaths,Baseball players from Texas,Boston Red Sox coaches,Texas Longhorns baseball players,Major League Baseball left fielders,Sportspeople from Austin, Texas,Toledo Mud Hens managers,College Baseball Hall of Fame inductees,Cleveland Indians managers

paragraph: Bibb Falk

paragraph: Bibb August Falk (January 27, 1899 – June 8, 1989) was an American left fielder in Major League Baseball who played for the Chicago White Sox (1920–28) and Cleveland Indians (1929–31).

paragraph: Born in Austin, Texas, Falk played football and baseball at the University of Texas before signing with the White Sox in 1920. He was a spare outfielder with the Sox until news of the 1919 Black Sox scandal broke and eight players were suspended; Falk replaced Shoeless Joe Jackson in left field. Falk was a consistent hitter, ending his career after twelve seasons with a .314 career batting average. He was also known as a heady player whose merciless riding of opponents earned him the nickname "Jockey." His best season was in 1926 with the White Sox; he had a .345 batting average, 43 doubles, and 108 runs batted in, and finished 12th in MVP voting that year. After the 1928 season, he was traded to the Cleveland Indians for Chick Autry, and played three more seasons in the major leagues before retiring as a player and becoming a coach.

paragraph: After Major League coaching stints with the Indians (1933) and Boston Red Sox (1934), Falk coached baseball at the University of Texas from 1940 to 1942, then again from 1946 to 1967, winning consecutive College World Series titles in and . In 1975, the new Disch-Falk Field at the University of Texas was named in honor of Falk and his former coach, Billy Disch. He died at age 90 in Austin.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interview with baseball player Bibb Falk, with comments (sound recording) (1974) by Eugene C. Murdock, available at Cleveland Public Library's Digital Gallery. Site states: "Interview with Bibb Falk by Dr. Eugene Murdock on June 3, 1974 in Austin, TX (75 min.)"

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Bibb Falk

wikipedia_title: Bibb Falk


text:
Polish nobleman
Great Notary of Lithuania
Knight of Malta
Court Marshal of Lithuania
Pacowie

categories: Pac family,Knights of Malta,Year of birth unknown,Polish nobility,1719 deaths

paragraph: Kazimierz Michał Pac

paragraph: Kazimierz Michał Pac (died 1719) was a Polish nobleman, Great Notary of Lithuania, Knight of Malta, Court Marshal of Lithuania from 1708 until 1709.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Polski Słownik Biograficzny", t. XXIV, s. 707.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pacowie

wikipedia_title: Kazimierz Michał Pac


text:
The Honourable
British
Army
Conservative
British Parliament
First World War
Barings Bank
Alexander Baring, 4th Baron Ashburton
Eton
Royal Military College, Sandhurst
Coldstream Guards
South African War
Belmont
Modder River
Magersfontein
Bloemfontein
mentioned in despatches
Queen's South Africa Medal
Earl of Hopetoun
Governor-General of Australia
Captain
King's African Rifles
Jubaland
Ogaden
John Ponsonby
Member of Parliament
Winchester
1906 general election
January
December 1910
Windsor
France
Battle of Loos
Coldstream Guards
Battle of the Somme
Ginchy
the Mall
Fricourt
Parliamentary War Memorial
illuminated
Hugh Colin Smith
Giles Baring
Rachel Ward
Tracy Worcester
Guy Victor Baring at thepeerage.com

categories: British Army personnel of the Second Boer War,UK MPs 1906–1910,Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst,1916 deaths,Younger sons of barons,Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies,UK MPs 1910–1918,British Army personnel of World War I,Baring family,British military personnel killed at the Battle of the Somme,Coldstream Guards officers,1873 births,UK MPs 1910,King's African Rifles officers

paragraph: Guy Baring

paragraph: The Honourable Guy Victor Baring (26 February 1873 – 15 September 1916) was a British Army officer and politician. He became a Conservative member of the British Parliament but was one of 22 Members killed in action in the First World War.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: Baring was a member of the Baring family of Barings Bank, a younger son of Alexander Baring, 4th Baron Ashburton (1835–1889) and his wife the Hon. Leonora Caroline Digby. He was educated at Eton and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, and was commissioned into the Coldstream Guards in 1893.

paragraph: In 1899 Baring's unit was sent to fight in the South African War, and he was present at the battles of Belmont, Graspan, Modder River, Magersfontein, and Driefontein, as well as the occupation of Bloemfontein. During the fighting in South Africa he was mentioned in despatches, and received the Queen's South Africa Medal with three clasps.

paragraph: Baring was the commander of a detachment of the Coldstream Guards in 1900 which went with the Australia and New Zealand Imperial Representative Corps to the inauguration of the Earl of Hopetoun as Governor-General of Australia. He was promoted to Captain in March 1901, attached to the King's African Rifles and was a special service officer with the Jubaland Expedition in 1901 against the Ogaden Somalis and was awarded a medal with clasp.

paragraph: In February 1902 he was gazetted as a Captain in the Coldstream Guards vice John Ponsonby, who had been seconded to serve in South Africa.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He was elected as the Member of Parliament for Winchester in the 1906 general election, and was re-elected in the January and December 1910 elections with increased majorities.

paragraph: Although he had formally left the Coldstream Guards in 1913, he rejoined immediately on the outbreak of war in 1914. He was posted to Windsor where he commanded a training company, until July 1915 when he was posted to France. He served as second-in-command of the 4th (Pioneer) Battalion; and after the Battle of Loos he commanded the first Battalion of the Coldstream Guards.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: During the Battle of the Somme on the morning of 15 September 1916, Baring's Battalion were advancing along the Ginchy-Lesboeufs road to attack German positions, together with two others. It was the first time in history that three Coldstream Guard battalions attacked together, but despite advancing "as steadily as though they were walking down the Mall" the action took a heavy toll. 17 officers and 690 other ranks went into battle, but only three officers survived (one injured) and 221 other ranks. Baring was buried in Citadel New Military Cemetery near Fricourt. Baring is commemorated on Panel 8 of the Parliamentary War Memorial in Westminster Hall, one of 22 MPs who died during World War I to be named on that memorial. He is also one of 19 MPs who fell in the war who are commemorated by heraldic shields in the Commons Chamber. A further act of commemoration came with the unveiling in 1932 of a manuscript-style illuminated book of remembrance for the House of Commons, which includes a short biographical account of the life and death of Baring.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Baring married on 16 July 1903 Olive Alethea Smith, daughter of Hugh Colin Smith and Constance Maria Josepha Adeane, and they had six children, including the cricketer Giles Baring. Their great grandchildren include the actress Rachel Ward and the actress and environmentalist Tracy Worcester.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guy Victor Baring at thepeerage.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Burke's Peerage and Baronetage", 106th edition (1999), volume 1, page 120

paragraph: BULLET::::- Edward Whitaker Moss-Blundell, "The House of Commons Book of Remembrance 1914-1918" (Elkin Mathews & Marrot, 1931)

description: British politician

wikidata_label: Guy Victor Baring

wikipedia_title: Guy Baring


text: Indo-Scythian

text: satrap

text: South Asia

text: Mathura lion capital

text: Taxila copper plate

text: Chuksa

text: Liaka Kusuluka

text: Zeionises

categories: 1st-century BC Iranian monarchs,Indo-Scythian satraps

paragraph: Patika Kusulaka

paragraph: Patika Kusulaka was an Indo-Scythian satrap in the northwestern South Asia during the 1st century BCE.

paragraph: He is mentioned in the Mathura lion capital. He is also mentioned in the Taxila copper plate inscription (Konow 1929: 23-29), dated between 90 and 6 BCE. In the scroll Patika is said to be the son of the Satrap of Chuksa, Liaka Kusuluka.

paragraph: Zeionises (Jihonika) may have succeeded Patika around 20–40 CE.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dates for Kanishka and the Indo-Scythians

wikidata_label: Patika Kusulaka

wikipedia_title: Patika Kusulaka


text: naturalist

text: Puritan

text: Paracelsian

text: Shoreditch

text: Merchant Taylors' School

text: Trinity College, Cambridge

text: Gonville Hall

text: bachelor's degree

text: Thomas Lorkin

text: John Caius

text: master's degree

text: Felix Platter

text: Basel

text: Paracelsian

text: doctorate in medicine

text: Basel University

text: silkworm

text: anatomy

text: St Mary Colechurch

text: College of Physicians

text: Paracelsian

text: Sir Francis Walsingham

text: King Frederick

text: Tycho Brahe

text: Petrus Severinus

text: Papist

text: Hippocrates

text: Member of Parliament

text: Wilton

text: Wiltshire

text: silkworm

text: arthropod

text: Conrad Gesner

text: The Hague

text: Théodore Turquet de Mayerne

text: Geneva

text: Chelsea

text: wildfowl

text: migratory habits

text: Christopher Bennet

text: nursery rhyme

text: "Theatre of Insects"

categories: 1553 births,Paracelsians,16th-century English medical doctors,Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge,English entomologists,English naturalists,Alumni of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge,1604 deaths,People from Shoreditch,People educated at Merchant Taylors' School, Northwood,People of the Tudor period

paragraph: Thomas Muffet

paragraph: Thomas Muffet (also Moufet, Mouffet, or Moffet) (1553 – 5 June 1604) was an English naturalist and physician. He is best known for his Puritan beliefs, his study of insects in regard to medicine (particularly spiders), his support of the Paracelsian system of medicine, and his emphasis on the importance of experience over reputation in the field of medicine.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life and education.

paragraph: Thomas Muffet was born in 1553 as the second son to haberdasher Thomas Moffet, in Shoreditch, London. From the ages 8 to 16, Muffet attended the Merchant Taylors' School. In May 1569, he matriculated at Trinity College, Cambridge but transferred to Gonville Hall in October 1572. He graduated in 1573, when he received his bachelor's degree. Afterward, Muffet studied medicine with Thomas Lorkin and John Caius. Three years later, he began his master's degree at Trinity and was expelled from Gonville. In Spring 1578 Muffet boarded with Felix Platter, chief physician of Basel, where he adopted the Paracelsian system of medicine. In 1579, Muffet was awarded a doctorate in medicine from Basel University. His thesis was entitled "De amodinis medicamentis" (1578).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Later life and post-graduate work.

paragraph: The year after receiving his MD, in 1580, Thomas Muffet studied silkworm anatomy in Italy before finally returning to England. That December, Muffet married his first wife, Jane, in St Mary Colechurch, London. Two years later, he was recognized as a qualified physician by the College of Physicians in London. This was not expected, as Muffet was a strong advocate for the Paracelsian system of medicine, which was not widely respected by the medical community. The same year, Muffet was sent by Sir Francis Walsingham on a diplomatic mission to Denmark to present the order of the garter to King Frederick. It was here he met both Tycho Brahe and Petrus Severinus, though there is no evidence as to either's intellectual influence upon him. Two years later, in 1584, Muffet finished his "De jure et praestantia chemicorum medicamentorum". This document is said to have anticipated Bacon's emphasis on the advancement of learning. That same year, Muffet wrote a letter attacking the London College of Physicians for Papist influences through the lens of his own Puritan beliefs. The following year, however, he was admitted to the College of Physicians, becoming a fellow in February 1588. Later in 1588, Muffet published his "Nosomantica Hippocratea", advocating support for the work and writings of Hippocrates. Nine years later, in October 1597, Muffet was elected as a Member of Parliament for Wilton. Three years later, in 1600, Muffet's wife, Jane, died. He married widow Catherine Brown that same year.

paragraph: Thomas Muffet died at the Bulbridge Farm, in Wilton, Wiltshire on 5 June 1604.

paragraph: Section::::Scientific contributions.

paragraph: Section::::Scientific contributions.:Insects.

paragraph: Thomas Muffet first studied silkworms while working in Italy, beginning his continued fascination with arthropods in general, particularly spiders. He is most well known for editing and expanding the work "Insectorum sive Minimorum Animalium Theatrum" (Theatre of Insects), an illustrated guide to the classification and lives of insects. Although he is popularly believed to have authored it, he merely inherited and furthered its progress toward publication, which would not occur until thirty years after his death. The book contained significant contributions by other scientists, notably the Swiss scientist Conrad Gesner (1516–65). The prime reason it was published posthumously was that the English market for books on natural science was weak at the time. It appears that it was ready for the press in 1589 or 1590. The original title page (unused) is dated 1589. His negotiations with printers in The Hague failed in 1590. The original illustrations were given up as too expensive and replaced with the wood cuts that appear in the 1634 edition. There is the possibility that the same work appears under the name of Théodore Turquet de Mayerne (born Geneva, Switzerland, 1573 – died Chelsea, England, 1655), published in the same year, 1634. Only the introduction of this edition, however, is believed to have been written by de Mayerne.

paragraph: Section::::Scientific contributions.:Good health and nutrition.

paragraph: Muffet's work in nutrition was collected in his book "Health's Improvement" which was designed more for the layman than for contemporary medical professionals. It contains the first list of British wildfowl, recognizing for the first time the migratory habits of many of them. This book was published even later than "Theatrum Insectorum", not until 1655, in an edition edited by Christopher Bennet.

paragraph: Section::::Nursery rhyme connection.

paragraph: It has been suggested that Muffet is the subject of the nursery rhyme 'Little Miss Muffet', which, it is argued refers to an incident with one of his stepchildren. Although the name and subject fit the verse, there is no clear evidence of a connection and the verse was only printed in 1805.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Charles C. Gillispie, Ed. "Dictionary of Scientific Biography" (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Margaret Pelling, "Medical Conflicts in Early Modern London" (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2003)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Theatre of Insects"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Online version of "Insectorvm Sive Minimorum Animalivm Theatrvm" from GDZ

description: English naturalist and physician

wikidata_label: Thomas Muffet

wikipedia_title: Thomas Muffet


text: Battle of Tenmokuzan

text: Oda clan

text: Oda Nobunaga

text: Horio Yoshiharu

categories: Samurai,Executed Japanese people,1582 deaths,Takeda retainers,16th-century executions by Japan,1545 births

paragraph: Oyamada Nobushige

paragraph: Oyamada betrayed the Takeda clan in 1582, after the Battle of Tenmokuzan; however, when he went to the Oda clan camp, he was executed by Oda Nobunaga's officer Horio Yoshiharu.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Legendary Takeda's 24 Generals" at Yamanashi-kankou.jp

description: Japanese samurai

wikidata_label: Oyamada Nobushige

wikipedia_title: Oyamada Nobushige


text:
Torcello
Venetian
crusading
Pope Clement V
Pope John XXII
Palestine
Mediterranean
Black Sea
Jerusalem
Antioch
Acre
Eastern empire
Morea
Cyprus
Rhodes
Syria
Cilicia
Egypt
France
Flanders
Germany
Denmark
Alexandria
Constantinople
Avignon
Bruges
Sluys
Hamburg
Lübeck
Wismar
Rostock
Stralsund
Greifswald
Stettin
Guglielmo Bernardi de Furvo
Tabriz
Baghdad
Damascus
Cairo
Jerome of Kaffa
Crimea
Sukhum Kale
Marco
Fourth Crusade
duke of the Archipelago
Naxos
Paros
Muslim World
Muslim world
North Africa
Granada
timber
Nile
Tatars
Nubia
Hanseatic
Coromandel
Gujarat
Hormuz
Persian Gulf
Aden
portolan chart
Pietro Vesconte
Templars
Euxine
Azov
Scandinavia
Don
Volga
Vistula
Oxus
Syr Daria
Idrisi
Polos
Biblioteca Riccardiana
British Museum
National Library
Marino Sanuto the Younger
Bongars
University of Toronto Press
Joshua Prawer
Friedrich Kunstmann
Tiraboschi
Postansque
C. R. Beazley

categories: 1260 births,Crusade literature,Duchy of the Archipelago,Italian nobility,1338 deaths

paragraph: Marino Sanuto the Elder

paragraph: Marino Sanuto or Sanudo the Elder of Torcello ( – 1338) was a Venetian statesman and geographer.

paragraph: He is best known for his lifelong attempts to revive the crusading spirit and movement; with this object he wrote his great work, the "Secreta" (or "Liber Secretorum") "Fidelium Crucis", otherwise called "Historia Hierosolymitana", "Liber de expeditione Terrae Sanctae", and "Opus Terrae Sanctae", the last being perhaps the proper title of the whole treatise as completed in three parts or "books". This work has much to say of trade and trade-routes as well as of political and other history; and through its accompanying maps and plans it occupies an important place in the development of cartography. It was begun in March 1306, and finished (in its earliest form) in January 1307, when it was offered to Pope Clement V as a manual for true Crusaders who desired the reconquest of the Holy Land. To this original "Liber Secretorum" Sanuto added largely; two other "books" were composed between December 1312 and September 1321, when the entire work was presented by the author to Pope John XXII, together with a map of the world, a map of Palestine, a chart of the Mediterranean, Black Sea and west European coasts, and plans of Jerusalem, Antioch and Acre. A copy was also offered to the king of France, to whom Sanuto desired to commit the military and political leadership of the new crusade.

paragraph: Section::::Life and travels.

paragraph: Marino himself tells us that he had spent the best part of his life in "Romania", the lands of the Eastern empire; of the Morea he had especially intimate knowledge; he had also visited Cyprus, Rhodes, parts of the Syrian, Cilician and Egyptian coasts, France, Flanders and north Germany, both west and east of Denmark. He had been in Acre, Alexandria, Constantinople, Avignon, Bruges and Sluys, as well as (apparently) in Hamburg, Lübeck, Wismar, Rostock, Stralsund, Greifswald and Stettin. Among his friends and correspondents were Guglielmo Bernardi de Furvo, a Venetian nobleman who had travelled extensively in Muslim and Mongol lands (to Tabriz, Baghdad, Damascus and Cairo), Bishop Jerome of Kaffa, in the Crimea, who in 1312 had been sent to reinforce the Catholic mission in China, and perhaps Peter, the English-born bishop of Sevastopolis or Sukhum Kale in western Caucasia, who makes an appeal for aid to the prelates of England in 1330. Marino Sanuto's ancestor, Marco, had founded the greatness of his family after the Fourth Crusade as duke of the Archipelago and conqueror of Naxos, Paros, etc. (from 1207); and his descendant wrote with a personal interest in the odd question of crushing the Muslim World.

paragraph: Section::::Writings.

paragraph: The crusading plans of the "Secreta" are double: first, Egypt and the Muslim world on the side towards Europe (Syria, Asia Minor, the Barbary States (North Africa), Granada, etc.) are to be ruined by the absolute stoppage of all Christian trade with the same. By such an interdict Sanuto hopes that Egypt, dependent on its European and other imports of metals, provisions, weapons, timber, pitch and slaves, would be fatally weakened, and the way thus prepared for the second part of the campaign the armed attack of the crusading fleet and army on the Nile delta. With the aid of the Mongol Tatars of Asia, natural allies of western Christendom, and of the Nubian Christians, the conquest of the Delta and of all Egypt was to be followed by that of Palestine, invaded and held from Egypt. Sanuto deprecates any other route for the crusade, and unfolds his plan of campaign, his bases of supply, his sources for the supply of good seamen, with great detail. Not only Mediterranean seaports, but the lakes of North Italy and central Europe, and the Hanseatic ports, are enumerated as nurseries of crusading mariners and marine skill. Finally, after the conquest of Egypt, Marino designs the establishment of a Christian fleet in the Indian Ocean to dominate and subjugate its coasts and islands. He also gives a sketch of the trade-routes crossing Persia and Egypt, as well as of the course of Indian trade from Coromandel and Gujarat to Hormuz and the Persian Gulf, and to Aden and the Nile.

paragraph: The maps and plans which illustrate the Secreta are probably (in the main, at least) the work of the great portolan chart draughtsman Pietro Vesconte: practically the whole of this map-work corresponds with what Vesconte has left under his own name; much of it is indistinguishable. Among the plans that of Acre is of peculiar interest, being the most complete representation known of the great crusading fortress on the eve of its destruction, with the quarters of all its contingents of defenders (Templars, etc.) indicated. The chart of the Mediterranean and Euxine and of the Atlantic coasts of Europe is composed of five map-sheets, which together form a good example of the earliest scientific design or portolano; in the world-map a portolano of the Mediterranean world Is combined with work of pre-portolan type in remoter regions. Here the shore-lines of the countries well known to Italian mariners, from Flanders to Azov, are well laid down; the Caspian and the north German and Scandinavian coasts appear with an evident, though far slighter, relation to practical knowledge; and some idea is shown of the great continental rivers of the north, such as the Don, Volga, Vistula, Oxus and Syr Daria. Africa, away from the Mediterranean, is conventional, with its south-east projected, after the manner of Idrisi, so as to face Indian Asia, and with a western Nile traversing the continent to the Atlantic. Chinese and Indian Asia show little trace of the new knowledge which had been imparted by European pioneers from the Polos' time, and which appears so strikingly in the Catalan Atlas of 1375. Sanuto's Palestine map is remarkable for its space-defining network of lines, which roughly answer to a kind of scheme of latitude and longitude, though properly speaking they are not scientific at all. Of the Secreta, twenty-three MSS. exist, of which the chief are: Florence, Biblioteca Riccardiana, No. 237, 162 fols. (Secreta and Letters), with maps and plans on fols. 141, v.-144, r.; (2) London, British Museum, Addt. MSS., 27,376, 178 fols. with maps, &c. on fols. 18o, v.-190, r.; (3) Paris, National Library, MSS. Lat. 4939, with maps, &c. on fols. 9, r.-I I, r. 27, 98-99. All these are of the 14th century.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marino Sanuto the Younger

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: The Secreta has only once been printed entire, by Bongars, in "Gesta Dei per Francos", vol. ii. pp. 1–288 (Hanover, 1611). This was reprinted by the University of Toronto Press in 1972 with an English foreword by Joshua Prawer. It was translated by Peter Lock and published by Ashgate in 2011, see Marino Sanudo Torsello, "The Book of the Secrets of the Faithful of the Cross: Liber Secretorum Fidelium Crucis", trans by Peter Lock, Crusade Texts in Translation (Farnham: Ashgate, 2011).

paragraph: See also:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Friedrich Kunstmann, "Studien über Marino Sanudo den alteren, mit einem Anhange seiner ungedruckten Briefe " in Abhandlungen der historisch. Classe der Konigl. Bayerisch. Akademie der Wissenschaften, vol. vii. pp. 695–819 (Munich, 1855)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Foscarini, "Letteratura Veneziana"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tiraboschi, "Storia della Letteratura Italiana", vol. v.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Postansque, "De Marino Sanuto" (Montpellier, 1856)

paragraph: BULLET::::- C. R. Beazley, "Dawn of Modern", III. 309-319, 391-392, 520-521, 549, 555.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marino Sanudo Torsello, "The Book of the Secrets of the Faithful of the Cross: Liber Secretorum Fidelium Crucis", trans by Peter Lock, Crusade Texts in Translation (Farnham: Ashgate, 2011)

description: Greek nobleman; Duke of the Archipelago

wikidata_label: Marino Sanuto the Elder

wikipedia_title: Marino Sanuto the Elder


text:
Marino Sanuto the Elder
italianised
Venetian
Venice
Leonardo Sanuto
orphan
Istria
Maggior Consiglio
Altino Chronicle
Aldo Manuzio
Angelo Poliziano
Ovid
Andrea Navagero
Marco Antonio Sabellico
Pietro Bembo

categories: 1466 births,1536 deaths,People from Venice

paragraph: Marino Sanuto the Younger

paragraph: "There is also a Marino Sanuto the Elder."

paragraph: Marin Sanudo, italianised as Marino Sanuto or Sanuto the Younger (May 22, 1466 – 1536), was a Venetian historian and diarist. His most significant work is his "Diarii", which he had intended to write up into a history of Venice.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life.

paragraph: He was the son of the senator Leonardo Sanuto, into a patrician family of Venice. Left an orphan at the age of eight, he lost his fortune owing to the bad management of his elder brother, who eventually left the family for Syria. Thus, Sanuto was for many years hampered by want of means. He spent the rest of his childhood under the protection of his uncle, Francesco Sanuto, who may have also supported him financially.

paragraph: Sanuto began writing early. Aged fifteen, he wrote the "Memorabilia Deorum Dearumque", on the antique gods and goddesses. In 1483 he accompanied his cousin Mario, who was one of the three "sindici inquisitori" deputed to hear appeals from the decisions of the "rettori", on a tour through Istria and the mainland provinces, and he wrote a minute account of his experiences in his diary. Wherever he went he sought out learned men, examined libraries, and copied inscriptions. The result of this journey was the publication of his "Itinerario per la terraferma veneziana" and a collection of Latin inscriptions.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Adulthood.

paragraph: Sanuto was elected a member of the Maggior Consiglio when only twenty years old (the legal age was twenty-five) and he became a senator in 1498; he noted down everything that was said and done in those assemblies and obtained permission to examine the secret archives of the state.

paragraph: He collected a fine library, which was especially rich in manuscripts and chronicles both Venetian and foreign, including the famous Altino Chronicle, a collection of legends about early Venetian history which served as a foundation of Venetian historiography, and became the friend of all the learned men of the day, Aldo Manuzio dedicating to him his editions of the works of Angelo Poliziano and of the poems of Ovid. It was a great grief to Sanuto when Andrea Navagero was appointed the official historian to continue the history of the republic from the point where Marco Antonio Sabellico left off, and a still greater mortification when, Navagero having died in 1529 without executing his task, Pietro Bembo was appointed to succeed him. Finally in 1531 the value of his work was recognized by the senate, which granted him a pension of 150 gold ducats per annum. He died in 1536.

paragraph: Sanuto played a role in placing the Venetian Jews in the first ever Jewish ghetto, as he stated in a speech in 1515, a year before the ghetto's establishment:

paragraph: ""I do not want to omit to relate an evil practice resulting with the continuing contact with these Jews, who reside in great numbers in the cities. Formerly, they were not seen outside their houses from palm Sunday until after Easter. Now till yesterday they were going about and it is a very bad thing, and no one says anything to them, since we need them due to the wars and therefore do what they want.""

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: His chief works are the following:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Itinerario per la terraferma veneziana", published by M. Rawdon Brown in 1847

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I commentari delta guerra di Ferrara", an account of the war between the Venetians and "Ercole I d' Este", published in Venice in 1829

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Spedizione di Carlo VIII."(MS. in the Louvre)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Vite dei Dogi", published in vol. xxii. of Muratori's "Rerum Italicarum Scriptores" (1733)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Diarii", his most important work, which covers the period from 1 January 1496 to June 1533, and fills 58 volumes. The publication of these records was begun by Rinaldo Fulin in 1879, in collaboration with Federigo Stefani, Guglielmo Berchet, and Niccold Barozzi; the last volume was published in Venice in 1903. Owing to the relations of the Venetian republic with the whole of Europe and the East it is practically a universal chronicle. It is considered an invaluable source of information on that period.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: He was briefly married to Cecilia Priuli, but the marriage had no issue. He died with no legitimate male heirs, leaving only two illegitimate daughters.

description: Italian historian

wikidata_label: Marino Sanuto the Younger

wikipedia_title: Marino Sanuto the Younger


text:
Luxembourg City
Luxembourg City
Maurice Gillen
1924 Summer Olympics
World Championship individual pursuit
Fausto Coppi
Palazzo dello Sport
Rolf Graf
six-day races
Six Days of New York
Mett Clemens
Panathlon

categories: 1928 births,2010 deaths,Luxembourgian male cyclists

paragraph: Lucien Gillen

paragraph: Lucien Gillen (7 October 1928 in Luxembourg City – 11 August 2010 in Luxembourg City) was a Luxembourgish cyclist.

paragraph: Gillen followed in the footsteps of his father, Maurice Gillen, who worked as a train driver but also competed as a cyclist at the 1924 Summer Olympics. Although he competed on the road, his most significant successes were on the track: in the World Championship individual pursuit, which he competed in 19 times, he took the silver medal in 1949 behind Fausto Coppi, and took two bronze medals in 1952 and 1954. In 1955 Gillen also set a new world record for the 5 km individual pursuit at the opening of the Palazzo dello Sport in Milan, where he took two seconds off the old record held by Rolf Graf, recording a time of 6:19.2. He also competed in 143 six-day races, making his debut in 1948 at the Six Days of New York, where he and team-mate Mett Clemens finished second. He took a total of 11 six-day wins between 1953 and 1964. He retired from international competition in April 1966. After his cycling career, he worked in banking. He also served as President of Panathlon Luxembourg.

paragraph: Section::::Major results.

paragraph: Section::::Major results.:Road.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1948

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1953

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1955

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1963

paragraph: Section::::Major results.:Track.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1948

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1949

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1950

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1951

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1952

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1953

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1954

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1955

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1956

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1959

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1964

description: Luxembourgish bicycle racer and track cyclist

wikidata_label: Lull Gillen

wikipedia_title: Lucien Gillen


text:
jazz
Richie Vitale
Warne Marsh
Charlie Rouse
Junior Cook
Bill Hardman
Johnny Griffin
Lionel Hampton
Lou Donaldson
Art Farmer
Clifford Jordan
Bopera House
John Marshall
Vernel Fournier
George Coleman
Gary Bartz
C. Sharpe
Al Cohn
Harold Ashby
Annie Ross
Annie Ross
David Allyn
Teri Thornton
Abbey Lincoln
Earl Coleman
Marilyn Moore

categories: 20th-century male musicians,American jazz pianists,Living people,Musicians from New York City,1958 births,American male pianists,20th-century American pianists,Jazz musicians from New York (state),Male jazz musicians,21st-century male musicians,21st-century American pianists

paragraph: Tardo Hammer

paragraph: Richard Alan "Tardo" Hammer (born February 26, 1958, New York City) is an American jazz pianist.

paragraph: Hammer's mother is an amateur pianist. He worked with Richie Vitale in the 1980s and also played with Warne Marsh, Charlie Rouse, Junior Cook, Bill Hardman, Johnny Griffin, Lionel Hampton, Lou Donaldson, and Art Farmer and Clifford Jordan. A member of Bopera House starting in 1986, he shared leader duties in the group with John Marshall after 1988. He played with Vernel Fournier, George Coleman, Gary Bartz, C. Sharpe, Al Cohn, Harold Ashby, and Annie Ross in the 1990s. Long time pianist and musical director for vocalist Annie Ross, has worked with other notable vocalists including David Allyn, Teri Thornton, Abbey Lincoln, Earl Coleman and Marilyn Moore. Recordings include trio CDs on Sharp Nine Records and Cellar Live. Still active as performer, sideman and teacher in New York City.

description: American jazz pianist

wikidata_label: Tardo Hammer

wikipedia_title: Tardo Hammer


text:
alpine skier
France at the 2014 Winter Olympics
alpine skiing events

categories: Olympic alpine skiers of France,Alpine skiers at the 2014 Winter Olympics,Sportspeople from Haute-Savoie,1992 births,Alpine skiers at the 2018 Winter Olympics,French female alpine skiers,People from Évian-les-Bains,Living people

paragraph: Adeline Baud Mugnier

paragraph: Adeline Baud Mugnier (born 28 September 1992) is a French alpine skier. She competed for France at the 2014 Winter Olympics in the alpine skiing events.

description: French alpine skier

wikidata_label: Adeline Baud-Mugnier

wikipedia_title: Adeline Baud Mugnier


text:
Mazandarani
Afrasiyab dynasty
Mazandaran
Bavandids
sipahsalar
Hasan II
Sari
Paduspanid
Eskandar II
Mir-i Buzurg
Sayyid
dervish
Dabudasht
Amol
Marashi dynasty
Iskandar-i Shaykhi
Timur

categories: Afrasiyab dynasty,14th-century Iranian people,People from Mazandaran Province,Year of birth missing,1359 deaths,14th-century monarchs in the Middle East

paragraph: Kiya Afrasiyab

paragraph: Kiya Afrasiyab (Mazandarani/), was the founder of the Afrasiyab dynasty, ruling from 1349 to 1359.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Rise to power.

paragraph: Afrasiyab was the son of certain Hasan Chulabi, who belonged to the Chulabids, a prominent family of Mazandaran which served the Bavandids. Afrasiyab was the "sipahsalar" and the brother-in-law of the Bavandid ruler Hasan II (r. 1334-1349).

paragraph: In 1349, the Bavandid ruler Hasan ordered the execution of one of his most powerful officials, Jalal ibn Ahmad Jal, who was from the powerful Jalali which governed Sari. The execution resulted in a revolt by the nobles of Mazandaran. Hasan then tried to get support from the Chulabids, but the two sons of Afrasiyab murdered Hasan in his bath.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Reign.

paragraph: Afrasiyab then gained control of the Bavandid territories, thus marking the end of the Bavand dynasty and the start of the Afrasiyab dynasty. A son of Hasan managed to flee to the court of the Paduspanid ruler Eskandar II, who later tried to restore Bavand rule in Mazandaran, but failed to do so. Afrasiyab also faced another problem; the nobles of Mazandaran did not acknowledge his rule and viewed it as usurpation.

paragraph: Afrasiyab shortly tried to achieve stability by asking aid from Mir-i Buzurg, a Sayyid dervish from Dabudasht. However, some of Mir-i Buzurg's dervishes acted hostile to Afrasiyab, which made him imprison Mir-i Buzurg and many of his dervishes. However, the supporters of Mir-i Buzurg shortly revolted, and freed him from prison. In 1359, a battle between Afrasiyab and Mir-i Buzurg took place near Amol, where Afrasiyab was defeated and was killed together with his three sons.

paragraph: Mir-i Buzurg shortly conquered the territories of the Afrasiyab dynasty, and laid foundations to the Marashi dynasty. Afrasiyab had several other sons who tried to restore Afrasiyabid authority in Mazandaran. His son Fakhr al-Din Chulabi murdered one of the sons of Mir-i Buzurg, which resulted in a massacre of most of the Afrasiyabid family. Afrasiyab's other son Iskandar-i Shaykhi, managed with the aid of Timur, to restore Afrasiyabid authority in 1393.

wikidata_label: Kiya Afrasiyab

wikipedia_title: Kiya Afrasiyab


text:
Australia
blues music
Australia
Buddy Guy's Legends
Buddy Guy
Eddy Clearwater
Junior Wells
James Cotton
Phil Guy
JBTV
JBTV
Jimmy Dawkins
NARAS
Sam Phillips
WPNA
WGN-TV
Chicago Blues Festival
New Orleans Jazz
Official website

paragraph: Michael Charles

paragraph: Michael Charles (born 23 February 1956) is an Australian born blues musician, songwriter, guitarist, and singer. He is an inductee into the Chicago Blues Hall of Fame.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Charles was born in Australia. His father was a music hobbyist and taught his son his first chords. At nine years old Michael formed a band and put on his first live paid performance. In 1970 he traveled with older musicians performing shows, corporate gigs, and weddings.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In 1972 Charles formed the band Black Venom. They performed live on television. In the early 1980s Charles joined the band Magnum and they released "Bring Back Your Love” – “Coming Back Home”.

paragraph: In 1983 Charles released his first solo recording “I’m A Puppet”. In 1984 he met record producer Greg Williams of Dex Audio of Australia and Charles produced several releases. Charles performs on Dex Audio's record label Newmarket Music in Australia. Greg Williams continues to produce and master Charles’ recordings.

paragraph: In 1985 Charles formed an independent record label, Moonlight Label. From 1986 through 1989 Charles and Salik Silverstein of SOS Silver Spoon Productions produced three videos which aired on Australia’s Night Shift, Rage, and MTV. In 1987 and 1988 he traveled about Australia on a promotional tour.

paragraph: In 1990 Charles traveled to the USA to perform at Buddy Guy's Legends in Chicago, Illinois. From 1990 to 1995 he traveled several times to America, performing with Buddy Guy, Eddy Clearwater, George Baze, Junior Wells, James Cotton, Phil Guy. In 1991 Jerry Bryant of JBTV in Chicago Illinois featured Charles on JBTV's blues show, Blues Oasis. In 1993 he released his first solo album. (In late of 2006 Jerry Bryant of JBTV and Michael reunited to start a DVD project which continued on into 2007).

paragraph: In 1995 Charles toured with blues musician Jimmy Dawkins, and was signed by producer Jack Mehl to his record label, Moonlight Records; a year later Moonlight released "My Shadow", Michael’s first CD in the USA. Charles joined NARAS, the Grammy Award Association where he also entertained monthly for two years at the Chicago Chapter. In 2005 he was the recipient of an award from the Grammy Award Association and NARAS commemorating his ten year anniversary.

paragraph: In 1996 Charles built a recording studio in America. In 1997 he performed at the Crossroads Festival in Memphis Tennessee as the guest of Sam Phillips. Beginning in 1990, Charles appeared on DJ John Gorny's Blue Midnight show on WPNA radio, Chicago, Illinois many times through the years. In 1997 Charles appeared for the first of six appearances on WGN-TV. He built a second recording studio in America.

paragraph: During the next ten years Michael performances included the Chicago Blues Festival, New Orleans Jazz and Blues Festival, Philadelphia Blues Fest, Memphis Tennessee Crossroads Conference, New Orleans Cutting Edge Conference. In 1999 Michael moved to Nashville for 18 months and was featured in Nashville's "Rock and Read". In 2000 Michael Charles moved back to Chicago and built a third recording studio. His fourth and latest studio was built in 2003 and was called Sammary Studio.

paragraph: Charles traveled around North America on a number of musical tours. He gave each a name, including the Full Circle tour in 2008, the Another Time Another Place Tour in 2010, the Connected tour in 2011, the Road Dawg tour in 2012, the Undercover Tour in 2013, the Three Hundred Sixty Tour in 2014 (including a performance at the Chicago BluesFest), and the RIFF Tour in 2015.

paragraph: In October 2015 Michael Charles was inducted into Chicago Blues Hall of Fame. At that time he had recorded about 34 albums of blues rock music.

paragraph: In 2018 as Michael travels his from A to Z tour, Salik Silverstein, movie and film producer from Australia releases the documentary on the life and musical career of Michael Charles, "All I Really Know from A to Z".

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Singles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- I'm A Puppet / Feel The Magic 1983 Quasi Productions 45rpm

paragraph: BULLET::::- Time Just Keeps Calling / rock 'n' roll music 1986 Moonlight Label 45rpm

paragraph: BULLET::::- Imaginations And Mind Games / play a simple tune 1987 Moonlight Label 45rpm

paragraph: BULLET::::- Long Way To Go / hard days & long nights 1987 Moonlight Label 45rpm

paragraph: BULLET::::- She's My Woman / Everlasting Love 1987 Moonlight Label 45rpm

paragraph: BULLET::::- Without Your Love (for company) 1986 Moonlight Label 45rpm 12 inch

paragraph: BULLET::::- Crawling on the Floor 1996 Moonlight Label CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Simple Day Living 2000 Moonlight Label CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Simple Day Living Limited Edition 2000 CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- MC Shuffle 2002 Moonlight Label CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Come’ Melodia 2002 Moonlight Label CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Connected (for the radio) 2010 Moonlight Label CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- After Midnight 2011 Moonlight Label / Newmarket Music CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Going Down 2012 Moonlight Label / Newmarket Music CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Crosscut Saw 2013 Moonlight Label / Newmarket Music CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hey Joe 2013 Moonlight Label / Newmarket Music CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cover Tunes 2013 MoonlightLabel /Newmarket Music CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Why Am I Here? 2015 Moonlight Label CD

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Try Another Key YPRX2237 1985 Quasi Productions Vinyl

paragraph: BULLET::::- Home Through The Streets 1986 Moonlight Label Vinyl, Cassette, 2008 CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Wind 1989 Moonlight Label Vinyl, cassette, 1998 CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- My Shadow 1996 Moonlight Records cassette, CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hard Days & Long Nights 1990 Moonlight Label CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Keep Walking 1999 Moonlight Label CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Recall MLL-008 2004 Moonlight Label CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I’m Nobody’s Fool" 2006 Moonlight Label 2008 Newmarket Music

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Connected" 2010 MLL-010 Moonlight Label CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Michael Charles Three Hundred Sixty 2014 CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concert at the Nest 2015 Moonlight Label CD

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sandstone 2017 Moonlight Label CD

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:DVD.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Michael Charles Live at JBTV Live TV 2006-2007 DVD

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website

wikidata_label: Michael Charles

wikipedia_title: Michael Charles