text: World Cup

text: alpine ski racer

text: Great Britain

text: slalom

text: Olympics

text: World Championships

text: Europa Cup

text: Kitzbühel

text: Bretherton

text: England

text: dry ski slope

text: slalom

text: indoor snow park

text: FIS World Cup

text: Levi, Finland

text: Kranjska Gora

text: 2014 Winter Olympics

text: Sochi

text: Russia

text: slalom

text: Rosa Khutor

text: Åre

text: Chemmy Alcott

text: Garmisch

text: Madonna di Campiglio

text: Adelboden

text: Wengen

text: Schladming

text: Val-d'Isère

text: Kranjska Gora

text: Alain Baxter

text: Finlay Mickel

text: Snow King Trophy

text: Zagreb

text: Hahnenkamm slalom

text: Ganslernhang

text: Kitzbühel

text: Marcel Hirscher

text: Aleksandr Khoroshilov

text: World Cup alpine podium

text: Konrad Bartelski

text: Val Gardena

text: Gina Hathorn

text: Divina Galica

text: Fritz Dopfer

text: slalom

text: 2017 World Championships

text: St. Moritz

text: 2018 season

text: 2018 Winter Olympics

text: Pyongchang

text: South Korea

text: slalom

text: Michael Matt

text: Martin Bell

text: men's downhill

text: men's slalom

text: Madonna di Campiglio

text: André Myhrer

text: Marco Schwarz

text: 2019 Alpine World Ski Championships

text: slalom

text: SL

text: David Ryding

text: British Ski & Snowboard Team

categories: Alpine skiers at the 2010 Winter Olympics,British male alpine skiers,Olympic alpine skiers of Great Britain,Living people,1986 births,Alpine skiers at the 2018 Winter Olympics,Alpine skiers at the 2014 Winter Olympics

paragraph: Dave Ryding

paragraph: David Ryding (born 5 December 1986) is a World Cup alpine ski racer from Great Britain and specialises in slalom. He has competed in three Olympics, four World Championships, and won the Europa Cup. His best World Cup results have been runner-up positions in the slalom in Kitzbühel in 2017, and the parallel slalom in Oslo in 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Born in Bretherton, England, Ryding started competing on dry ski slopes at the age of eight and first skied on snow aged 12. He continued racing on dry slopes until the age of 21. His younger sister Joanna was also a competitive skier who won several FIS Races before retiring after a crash in 2011. He started competing on the Europa Cup in 2007 and made his World Cup debut in December 2009. Ryding won his first British national senior title in 2008, defeating Alain Baxter, who was competing in his final British championships and who Ryding described as his role model during his teenage years. Ryding competed for Great Britain at the 2010 Winter Olympics. His best result was a 27th place in slalom. After the Games he started working with coach Tristan Glasse-Davies, who suggested that Ryding should work on his technique by training in indoor snow parks. His first points in the FIS World Cup were taken in the opening slalom race of the 2013 season, a 26th place in Levi, Finland in November 2012.

paragraph: In the final Europa Cup slalom of the 2013 season at Kranjska Gora, Ryding needed a solid result to win the season long Europa Cup slalom competition. In 27th place after the first run, he posted the fastest time in run 2 to finish ninth and secured the season title. Ryding was the first British skier to win the season title at the Alpine Skiing European second-tier. He competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, finishing 17th in the slalom at Rosa Khutor. Following the Games, Glasse-Davies diagnosed that Ryding's technique on left-footed turns needed to be improved: through technical training and repetitive exercise they broke down and rebuilt Ryding's left-footed technique.

paragraph: He scored his second points finish in a World Cup slalom in Åre in December 2014, finishing 17th - the best World Cup result for a British alpine skier since Chemmy Alcott finished in the same position in a race at Garmisch in March 2010, and repeated the feat with a 16th place in the Madonna di Campiglio slalom later that month and 24th, 25th and 28th positions in the Adelboden, Wengen and Schladming slaloms in January 2015. Ryding finished the 2015 season in 30th place in the slalom standings.

paragraph: Ryding started his campaign in the 2016 season with a new personal best at the season's first slalom competition in Val-d'Isère, where he finished 12th. He went on to qualify for the second run in every World Cup slalom up to the penultimate round in Kranjska Gora and became the fourth Briton in the history of the World Cup to qualify for the World Cup Finals, after Alain Baxter, Finlay Mickel and Alcott. He finished 22nd in the slalom final standings.

paragraph: In the first slalom of the 2017 season in Levi, Ryding finished sixth after holding fourth place after the first run. This was his first top ten finish in a World Cup race and the best result for a British alpine ski racer since Baxter took a fourth place in Åre in 2001. He followed it up with a second top ten finish at the Snow King Trophy race in Zagreb in January 2017, where he placed seventh.

paragraph: Later that month, Ryding gained his first World Cup podium, and a British record in the Hahnenkamm slalom on the Ganslernhang at Kitzbühel: after holding the lead after the first run, he finished in second place, behind Austrian Marcel Hirscher and ahead of his training partner Aleksandr Khoroshilov. Ryding became only the second British man to achieve a World Cup alpine podium, after Konrad Bartelski, who finished second in the Val Gardena downhill in 1981, and only the fourth Briton to take a World Cup podium (after Bartelski, Gina Hathorn and Divina Galica, who took top three finishes on the women's circuit in 1967 and 1968 respectively). In an interview later that year, Ryding said that as he had never completed two runs at Kitzbühel, he had engaged in extensive video analysis of Fritz Dopfer's fastest first run in the previous year's Hahnenkamm slalom ahead of the race, watching it "70 times at least" to observe how Dopfer adapted to the piste's terrain changes. Ryding went on to finish 11th in the slalom at the 2017 World Championships in St. Moritz, the best result for a British skier at a World Championships since 2005. Ryding finished the season in eighth place in the World Cup slalom classification.

paragraph: At the 2018 season's opening slalom in Levi, Ryding led the competition after the first run. In the second run, Ryding extended his lead from 0.14 to 0.51 seconds before hitting a rut and missing a gate within sight of the finish. At a parallel slalom in Oslo on New Year's Day 2018, Ryding took the best result of his season to that point by finishing fourth, knocking out Marcel Hirscher in the quarter finals along the way. Later that month at the Kitzbühel slalom, Ryding struggled in the first run, placing 25th, but set the fastest time on the second run to climb up to ninth place. At the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyongchang, South Korea, Ryding finished the first run of the slalom in 13th place before moving up to finish ninth after the second run, exactly half a second behind bronze medal winner Michael Matt. This was the best Olympic result for a British alpine skier since Martin Bell's eighth place in the men's downhill in 1988, excepting Alain Baxter's third in the men's slalom in 2002, from which he was disqualified. He went on the finish the season 11th in the World Cup slalom standings.

paragraph: Ryding took one of the best World Cup results of his career so far in a slalom in Madonna di Campiglio in December 2018: after placing 27th in the first run, he set the fastest second run time to secure a fourth-placed finish. Ryding continued his good form at the Oslo parallel slalom on New Year's Day 2019: he knocked out Hirscher in the quarter-finals for the second year running, before defeating reigning Olympic slalom champion André Myhrer in the semi-final: he lost out in the final to Marco Schwarz after missing a gate, but his second place was the joint best World Cup result of his career so far along with his runner-up position in Kitzbühel in 2017. At the 2019 Alpine World Ski Championships, Ryding scored a new Worlds personal best by finishing ninth in the slalom, setting the third fastest time on the second run.

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.:Race podiums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2 podiums – (1 SL, 1 Parallel Slalom)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 14 top tens

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- David Ryding World Cup standings at the International Ski Federation

paragraph: BULLET::::- British Ski & Snowboard Team – Dave Ryding

description: British alpine skier

wikidata_label: David Ryding

wikipedia_title: Dave Ryding


text:
Croatian
Hungarian
alpine skier
2006 Winter Olympics
2010 Winter Olympics
2014 Winter Olympics
2018 Winter Olympics

categories: Sportspeople from Rijeka,Alpine skiers at the 2010 Winter Olympics,Croatian emigrants to Hungary,Living people,Hungarian male alpine skiers,Croatian male alpine skiers,1985 births,Olympic alpine skiers of Hungary,Alpine skiers at the 2006 Winter Olympics,Olympic alpine skiers of Croatia,Alpine skiers at the 2018 Winter Olympics,Alpine skiers at the 2014 Winter Olympics

paragraph: Dalibor Šamšal

paragraph: Dalibor Šamšal (born 25 December 1985) is a Croatian-Hungarian alpine skier . He has represented Croatia at the 2006 Winter Olympics, 2010 Winter Olympics and the 2014 Winter Olympics and Hungary at the 2018 Winter Olympics.

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.:Results per discipline.

paragraph: BULLET::::- standings through 20 Jan 2019

description: Croatian alpine skier

wikidata_label: Dalibor Šamšal

wikipedia_title: Dalibor Šamšal


text:
Rijeka
SR Croatia
SFR Yugoslavia
alpine skier
Croatia
2006 Olympics
2010 Olympics
slalom

categories: Alpine skiers at the 2010 Winter Olympics,1987 births,Croatian male alpine skiers,Alpine skiers at the 2006 Winter Olympics,Olympic alpine skiers of Croatia,Living people

paragraph: Danko Marinelli

paragraph: Danko Marinelli (born May 30, 1987 in Rijeka, SR Croatia, SFR Yugoslavia) is an alpine skier from Croatia. He competed for Croatia at the 2006 Olympics and the 2010 Olympics. His best result was a 32nd in the slalom in 2010.

description: Croatian alpine skier

wikidata_label: Danko Marinelli

wikipedia_title: Danko Marinelli


text:
painter in water-colours
lithographer
Sceaux
Storelli
Regnier
Le Magasin Pittoresque
L'Illustration

categories: 1860 deaths,1796 births,19th-century French painters,French male painters,French lithographers,People from Sceaux, Hauts-de-Seine,French watercolourists

paragraph: Jean-Jacques Champin

paragraph: Jean-Jacques Champin, a French painter in water-colours and lithographer, was born at Sceaux in 1796. He was a pupil of Storelli and of Regnier, and devoted himself chiefly to historical landscapes. He lithographed a series of views of Old Paris, and in conjunction with Regnier produced the 'Habitations des personages les plus célèbres de la France depuis 1790 jusqu'a nos jours.' He also contributed designs to "Le Magasin Pittoresque", "L'Illustration", and many other illustrated publications of his time. He died in 1860.

description: Watercolorist and lithographer

wikidata_label: Jean-Jacques Champin

wikipedia_title: Jean-Jacques Champin


text: American

text: Athens

text: Georgia

text: University of Georgia

text: Phi Kappa Literary Society

text: Bachelor of Arts

text: Civil War

text: Confederate Army

text: colonel

text: Battle of Gettysburg

text: Atlanta

text: Carey Wentworth Styles

text: The Constitution

text: Albany, Georgia

text: Macon

text: Evan Howell

text: The Atlanta Constitution

text: Fulton County Street Railroad

text: Nine-Mile Circle

text: Virginia-Highland

text: city councilman-at-large

text: Grady Memorial Hospital

text: Chattahoochee River

text: Cotton Palace

text: Waco, Texas

text: Oakland Cemetery

categories: 1842 births,1902 deaths,Mayors of Atlanta,University of Georgia alumni

paragraph: William Hemphill

paragraph: William Arnold Hemphill (May 5, 1842 – August 17, 1902) was an American businessman and politician.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early years and education.

paragraph: Hemphill was born on May 5, 1842, in Athens, Georgia. He attended the University of Georgia (UGA) in Athens, where he was a member of the Phi Kappa Literary Society and earned a Bachelor of Arts in 1861 in engineering.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Business ventures.

paragraph: At the beginning of the Civil War Hemphill joined the Confederate Army, rising to the rank of colonel. He suffered a serious head wound at the Battle of Gettysburg. After the war, he moved to Atlanta in 1867, to teach. Within one year, Hemphill accepted an offer from Carey Wentworth Styles, to become the business manager and co-owner in a new joint venture with Styles and James Anderson. They had just purchased a small newspaper, the "Atlanta Daily Opinion" which they renamed. "The Constitution" was first published under that name on June 16, 1868. Styles quickly fell into financial difficulty, when he was unable to sell his interests in a struggling Albany, Georgia newspaper, "The Albany News". With his inability to raise capital, Styles could not pay for his purchase of "The Constitution". His ownership in the newspaper was assumed by Anderson and Hemphill. Hemphill, who became Anderson's son-in-law in the subsequent six months was placed in full charge of the Atlanta publication. Hemphill continued in his position as business manager of the paper until 1901. Hemphill's business acumen helped get the fledgling newspaper on sound financial footing. In active competition with other Atlanta newspapers, Hemphill hired special trains (one engine and car) to deliver newspapers to the Macon marketplace. In 1870 Anderson sold his one half interest in the paper to Col. E. Y. Clarke. In 1876 Clarke sold his half interest in the paper to Evan Howell. Howell's family would come to own "The Atlanta Constitution" from 1902 to 1950.

paragraph: In 1883, Hemphill was one of a group of investors who incorporated the Fulton County Street Railroad (horse cars), which was later electrified, and became famous for its Nine-Mile Circle route to what is now Virginia-Highland.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Political service.

paragraph: Hemphill was first elected to the position of (Atlanta) city councilman-at-large in 1887, the same year he began an unsuccessful banking career. The next few years he served as president of the board of education and in 1889 added alderman duties.

paragraph: While still in control of the Constitution in 1890 he defeated a Black mayoral candidate known now only as "McKinley", by 1,773 votes, and took office the next year.

paragraph: During his tenure the first building of what became Grady Memorial Hospital was built and a fresh-water pumping station was established on the Chattahoochee River replacing the need for various wells and cisterns (for fires). Part of the purchased for the associated reservoir included a newly built street named in his honorHemphill Ave.

paragraph: After leaving office, Hemphill read about the Cotton Palace in Waco, Texas, and suggested that Atlanta could stimulate growth by hosting what would become the Cotton States and International Exposition of 1895. He later served as vice president and director of the Exposition.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Hemphill died suddenly on August 17, 1902, from injuries sustained in a fall. He is buried at Oakland Cemetery in Atlanta.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "History of the University of Georgia by Thomas Walter Reed", Thomas Walter Reed, Imprint: Athens, Georgia : University of Georgia, ca. 1949, p.684

paragraph: BULLET::::- Photograph: Carey Wentworth Styles, founder of The Atlanta Constitution

description: Confederate Army officer

wikidata_label: William Hemphill

wikipedia_title: William Hemphill


text: restaurant critic

text: The New York Times

text: cookbooks

text: autobiography

text: gastronomy

text: Sunflower

text: Mississippi

text: boarding house

text: Indianola, Mississippi

text: Mississippi State College

text: University of Missouri

text: U.S. Navy

text: World War II

text: Korean War

text: G.I. Bill

text: École hôtelière de Lausanne

text: Lausanne

text: Switzerland

text: New York City

text: New York

text: Gourmet

text: Asian

text: Mexican cuisine

text: French

text: M. F. K. Fisher

text: New Orleans

text: Louisiana

text: Paul Prudhomme

text: Deep South

text: Cajun

text: its unique culinary traditions

text: Julia Child

text: sodium

text: cholesterol

text: Pierre Franey

text: fad diet

text: American Express

text: Chez Denis

text: Paris

text: France

text: foie gras

text: truffles

text: lobster

text: caviar

text: Vatican

text: Pope Paul VI

text: East Hampton

text: Long Island

text: out as a gay man

text: Faulknerian

text: African-American

text: St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital

text: The Culinary Institute of America

text: Hyde Park

text: Harper & Row

text: Pierre Franey

text: List of American print journalists

text: List of gay, lesbian or bisexual people

text: List of people from Mississippi

text: List of people from New York City

text: Miller, Bryan

text: The New York Times

text: Obituary

text: London South Bank University

categories: Writers from New York City,American public relations people,American magazine writers,20th-century American non-fiction writers,American expatriates in Switzerland,2000 deaths,American naval personnel of World War II,American restaurant critics,Gay military personnel,1920 births,20th-century American male writers,The New York Times columnists,Place of death missing,Diet food advocates,American autobiographers,Writers from Mississippi,People from East Hampton (town), New York,United States Navy personnel,Critics employed by The New York Times,Gay writers,The New York Times editors,People from Lausanne,American naval personnel of the Korean War,American LGBT military personnel,LGBT people from Mississippi,LGBT writers from the United States,American cookbook writers,People from Sunflower, Mississippi,James Beard Foundation Award winners

paragraph: Craig Claiborne

paragraph: Craig Claiborne (September 4, 1920 January 22, 2000) was an American restaurant critic, food journalist and book author. A long-time food editor and restaurant critic for "The New York Times", he was also the author of numerous cookbooks and an autobiography. Over the course of his career, he made many contributions to gastronomy and food writing in the United States.

paragraph: Section::::Early life, education and military service.

paragraph: Born in Sunflower, Mississippi, Claiborne was raised on the region's distinctive cuisine in the kitchen of his mother's boarding house in Indianola, Mississippi.

paragraph: He essayed in premedical studies at the Mississippi State College from 1937 to 1939 finding it to be unsuitable to him he then transferred to the University of Missouri where he majored in journalism and got his B.A degree

paragraph: Claiborne served in the U.S. Navy during World War II and the Korean War. After deciding that his true passion lay in cooking, he used his G.I. Bill benefits to attend the École hôtelière de Lausanne (Lausanne Hotel School), located in Lausanne, Switzerland.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Returning to the U.S. from Europe, he worked his way up in the food-publishing business in New York City, New York, as a contributor to "Gourmet" magazine, a food-products publicist and finally becoming the food editor of "The New York Times" in 1957. Claiborne was the first man to supervise the food page at a major American newspaper and is credited with broadening "The New York Times"'s coverage of new restaurants and innovative chefs. A typical food section of a newspaper in the 1950s was largely targeted to a female readership and limited to columns on entertaining and cooking for the upscale homemaker. Claiborne brought his knowledge of cuisine and own passion for food to the pages, transforming it into an important cultural and social bellwether for New York City and the nation at large.

paragraph: Claiborne's columns, reviews and cookbooks introduced a generation of Americans to a variety of ethnic cuisines particularly Asian and Mexican cuisines at a time when average Americans had conservative tastes in food, and what little gourmet cooking was available in cities like New York was exclusively French (and, Claiborne observed, not terribly high quality). Looking to hold restaurants accountable for what they served and help the public make informed choices about where to spend their dining dollars, he created the four-star system of rating restaurants still used by "The New York Times" and which has been widely imitated. Claiborne's reviews were exacting and uncompromising, but he also approached his task as a critic with an open mind and eye for cooking that was different, creative and likely to appeal to his readers.

paragraph: Inspired by food writers including M. F. K. Fisher, Claiborne also enjoyed documenting his own eating experiences and the discovery of new talent and new culinary trends across the country and across the world. Among the many then-unknown chefs he brought to the public's attention was the New Orleans, Louisiana, chef and restaurateur Paul Prudhomme. At the time, few people outside America's Deep South had any awareness of Louisiana's Cajun culture or its unique culinary traditions.

paragraph: Along with chef, author and television personality Julia Child, Claiborne has been credited with making the often intimidating world of French and other ethnic cuisine accessible to an American audience and American tastes. Claiborne authored or edited over twenty cookbooks on a wide range of foods and culinary styles, including some of the first best-selling cookbooks dedicated to healthy, low-sodium and low-cholesterol diets. He had a long-time professional relationship and collaborated on many books and projects with the French-born New York City chef, author and television personality Pierre Franey. Claiborne was an advocate of a fad diet known as the "Gourmet Diet". With Franey, he worked out two hundred low-sodium, low-cholesterol recipes for this diet.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:The $4,000 meal.

paragraph: In 1975, he placed a $300 winning bid at a charity auction for a no-price-limit dinner for two at any restaurant of the winner's choice, sponsored by American Express. Selecting Franey as his dining companion, the two settled on Chez Denis, a noted restaurant located in Paris, France, where they racked up a $4,000 tab on a five-hour, thirty-one-course meal of foie gras, truffles, lobster, caviar and rare wines. When Claiborne later wrote about the experience in his "New York Times" column, the newspaper received a deluge of reader mail expressing outrage at such an extravagance at a time when so many in the world went without. Even the Vatican and Pope Paul VI criticized it, calling it "scandalous." It was also noted that he and Franey ordered nearly every dish on the menu, but they took only a few bites of each one. Despite its scale and expense, Claiborne gave the meal a mixed review, noting that several dishes fell short in terms of conception, presentation or quality.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Claiborne was a fixture of the New York City social scene for decades. His lavish, celebrity-studded birthday parties at his East Hampton, New York, estate on eastern Long Island were a regular event on the Manhattan social calendar. Although he was out as a gay man to most of his friends and colleagues, he struggled to come to terms with his sexuality. In his autobiography, "A Feast Made for Laughter" (1982), Claiborne described a bizarre, almost Faulknerian, childhood and adolescence in small-town Mississippi where he was mocked by schoolmates for his meek temperament and dislike of sports and had explicit sexual contact with his own father on at least one occasion. His mother was a warm and very genteel Southern lady, but doting and often overprotective of her young son. The young Claiborne often sought solace in the company of his mother's African-American kitchen and housekeeping staff, whose food, humor and culture he came to love.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.:Death and legacy.

paragraph: Claiborne, who suffered from a variety of health problems in his later years, died at age 79 at St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, New York. No cause of death was given. In his will, he bequeathed his estate to The Culinary Institute of America, located in Hyde Park, New York.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The New York Times Cookbook" (1961) Harper & Row

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The New York Times Menu Cook Book" (1966) Harper & Row

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The New York Times International Cookbook" (1971) Harper & Row

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Craig Claiborne's Favorites from The New York Times" Vol. 1 (1975) Times Books

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Craig Claiborne's Favorites from the New York Times" Vol. 2 (1976) Times Books

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Craig Claiborne's Favorites from the New York Times" Vol. 3 (1977) Times Books

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Craig Claiborne's Favorites from the New York Times" Vol. 4 (1978) Random House Trade

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cooking with Herbs and Spices" (1977) Bantam Books

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Veal Cookery" (1978) (with Pierre Franey) Harper-Collins

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Classic French Cooking" (1978) Time-Life Foods of the World

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Craig Claiborne's The New New York Times Cookbook" (1980) with Pierre Franey, New York Times Books,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Feast Made for Laughter" (1982) autobiography, Doubleday

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Master Cooking Course" (1982) (with Pierre Franey), Putnam Pub. Group

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cooking with Craig Claiborne and Pierre Franey" (1985) Ballantine Books

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Craig Claiborne's Memorable Meals Menus, Memories and Recipes from over Twenty Years of Entertaining" (1985) E P Dutton

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Craig Claiborne's The New York Times Food Encyclopedia" (1985) Crown Books

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Craig Claiborne's Gourmet Diet" (1985) (with Pierre Franey), Ballantine Books

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Craig Claiborne's Southern Cooking" (1987) New York Times Books

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Elements of Etiquette: A Guide to Table Manners in an Imperfect World" (1992) William Morrow & Co

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Chinese Cookbook" (1992) (with Virginia Lee)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Craig Claiborne's Kitchen Primer" (1993) Random House

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Best of Craig Claiborne: 1,000 Recipes from His New York Times Food Columns and Four of His Classic Cookbooks" (1999) Times Books

paragraph: BULLET::::- (story on $4000 meal is anthologized in) "American Food Writing: An Anthology with Classic Recipes", ed. Molly O'Neill (Library of America, 2007)

paragraph: Section::::Quotes.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cooking is at once child's play and adult joy. And cooking done with care is an act of love."

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I am simply of the opinion that you cannot be taught to write. You have to spend a lifetime in love with words." ("A Feast for Laughter", p. 150)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of American print journalists

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of gay, lesbian or bisexual people

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of people from Mississippi

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of people from New York City

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Miller, Bryan (January 24, 2000). "Craig Claiborne, 79, Times Food Editor And Critic, Is Dead". "The New York Times". Retrieved April 12, 2012.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Obituary at the London South Bank University.

description: Journalist and book author

wikidata_label: Craig Claiborne

wikipedia_title: Craig Claiborne


text:
English
drummer
Lutterworth
Leicestershire
Squarepusher
John Cale
Bolt Thrower
Mercenary
Badly Drawn Boy
Groop Dogdrill
New Young Pony Club
Bat For Lashes
Fridge
Invisible Spies
Bat For Lashes
Bolt Thrower
Mercenary
Two Rooms Full of Insects
Badly Drawn Boy
One Plus One Is One
Adem
Love and Other Planets
Badly Drawn Boy
Born in the UK
Supreme Vagabond Craftsman
Just You, Me and the Baby
Bat For Lashes
Two Suns
Philip Selway
Running Blind EP
Air
Le Voyage Dans La Lune
John Cale
M:FANS
Bloc Party
Hymns

categories: 1978 births,Frost* members,People from Lutterworth,English heavy metal drummers,Living people,Bolt Thrower members,Musicians from Leicestershire

paragraph: Alex Thomas

paragraph: Alex Thomas is an English drummer from Lutterworth, Leicestershire, who currently performs with Squarepusher. He also performed with John Cale (2013).

paragraph: He joined Bolt Thrower on 21 August 1997. He played drums on "Mercenary" and the "Into The Killing Zone" tour, then left the band in 2000 due to lack of interest in the musical direction that Bolt Thrower were taking.

paragraph: He has also played with Badly Drawn Boy, Groop Dogdrill, New Young Pony Club, Bat For Lashes, played guitar with Fridge and under the name Earl Shilton, he has released the album "Two Rooms (Full of Insects)" released on the Invisible Spies record label.

paragraph: On 29 May 2008 Natasha Khan announced the new Bat For Lashes live line-up in advance of her support slot on the Radiohead 2008 European tour. "The Blue Dreams" includes Thomas.

paragraph: Section::::Selected discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bolt Thrower - Mercenary (1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Earl Shilton - Two Rooms Full of Insects (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Badly Drawn Boy - One Plus One Is One (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Adem - Love and Other Planets (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Badly Drawn Boy - Born in the UK (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Supreme Vagabond Craftsman - Just You, Me and the Baby (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bat For Lashes - Two Suns (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Philip Selway - Running Blind EP (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Air - Le Voyage Dans La Lune (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Cale – M:FANS (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bloc Party - Hymns (2016)

description: English drummer

wikidata_label: Alex Thomas

wikipedia_title: Alex Thomas


text: Zhou dynasty

text: King Wu

text: King Cheng

text: Rebellion of the Three Guards

text: culture hero

text: I Ching

text: Book of Poetry

text: Rites of Zhou

text: yayue

text: King Wen of Zhou

text: Tai Si

text: Bo Yikao

text: Shang Dynasty

text: Battle of Muye

text: King Wu

text: Luoyang

text: King Cheng

text: Guan Shu

text: Three Guards

text: Mandate of Heaven

text: Shangdi

text: Heaven

text: feudal system

text: Chengzhou

text: according to exact geomantic principles

text: nine tripod cauldrons

text: Haojing

text: Lu

text: posthumous name

text: Wu Zetian

text: Second Zhou Dynasty

text: Zhenzong Emperor

text: Qishan County

text: Shaanxi

text: The Analects

text: Confucius

text: 東野家族大宗世系 Family Tree of the descendants of the Duke of Zhou in Chinese

text: State of Lu

text: Bo Qin

text: 五經博士

text: Song Lian

text: Duke Huan of Lu

text: Mencius

text: State of Lu

text: Bo Qin

text: Chiang Kai-shek

text: Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors

text: Tomb of Zhou Gong

categories: 11th-century BC Chinese people,Zhou dynasty nobility,Chinese dukes,Regents of China,Politicians from Shaanxi

paragraph: Duke of Zhou

paragraph: Dan, Duke Wen of Zhou (11th Century BC), commonly known as the Duke of Zhou (), was a member of the royal family of the Zhou dynasty who played a major role in consolidating the kingdom established by his elder brother King Wu. He was renowned for acting as a capable and loyal regent for his young nephew King Cheng, and for successfully suppressing the Rebellion of the Three Guards and establishing firm rule of the Zhou dynasty over eastern China. He is also a Chinese culture hero credited with writing the "I Ching" and the "Book of Poetry", establishing the "Rites of Zhou", and creating the "yayue" of Chinese classical music.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: His personal name was Dan (). He was the fourth son of King Wen of Zhou and Queen Tai Si. His eldest brother Bo Yikao predeceased their father (supposedly a victim of cannibalism); the second-eldest defeated the Shang Dynasty at the Battle of Muye around 1046 BC, ascending the throne as King Wu. King Wu distributed many fiefs to his relatives and followers and Dan received the ancestral territory of Zhou near present-day Luoyang.

paragraph: Only two years after assuming power, King Wu died and left the kingdom to his young son King Cheng. The Duke of Zhou successfully attained the regency and administered the kingdom himself, leading to revolts not only from disgruntled Shang partisans but also from his own relatives, particularly his older brother Guan Shu. Within five years, the Duke of Zhou had managed to defeat the Three Guards and other rebellions and his armies pushed east, bringing more land under Zhou control.

paragraph: The Duke of Zhou was credited with elaborating the doctrine of the Mandate of Heaven, which countered Shang propaganda that as descendants of the god Shangdi they should be restored to power. According to this doctrine, Shang injustice and decadence had so grossly offended Heaven that Heaven had removed their authority and commanded the reluctant Zhou to replace the Shang and restore order.

paragraph: On a more practical level, the Duke of Zhou expanded and codified his brother's feudal system, granting titles to loyal Shang clansmen and even establishing a new "holy" city at Chengzhou around 1038 BC. Laid out according to exact geomantic principles, Chengzhou was the home of King Cheng, the Shang nobility, and the nine tripod cauldrons symbolic of imperial rule, while the Duke continued to administer the kingdom from the former capital of Haojing. Once Cheng came of age, the Duke of Zhou dutifully gave up the throne without trouble.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: The duke's eight sons all received land from the king. The eldest son received Lu; the second succeeded to his father's fief.

paragraph: In later centuries, subsequent emperors considered the Duke of Zhou a paragon of virtue and honored him with posthumous names. The empress Wu Zetian named her short-lived 8th-century Second Zhou Dynasty after him and called him the Honorable and Virtuous King (, "Bāodé Wáng"). In 1008, the Zhenzong Emperor gave the Duke the posthumous title King of Exemplary Culture ( , , "Wénxiàn Wáng"). He was also known as the First Sage ( , , "Yuán Shèng").

paragraph: In 2004, Chinese archaeologists reported that they may have found his tomb complex in Qishan County, Shaanxi.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.:God of Dreams.

paragraph: Duke of Zhou is also known as the "God of Dreams". "The Analects" record Confucius saying, "How I have gone downhill! It has been such a long time since I dreamt of the Duke of Zhou." This was meant as a lamentation of how the governmental ideals of the Duke of Zhou had faded, but was later taken literally. In Chinese legends, if an important thing is going to happen to someone, the Duke of Zhou will let the person know through dreams: hence the Chinese expression "Dreaming of Zhou Gong".

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.:Descendants.

paragraph: The main line of the Duke of Zhou's descendants came from his firstborn son, the State of Lu ruler Bo Qin's third son Yu (魚) whose descendants adopted the surname Dongye (東野). The Duke of Zhou's offspring held the title of Wujing Boshi (五經博士; Wǔjīng Bóshì). One of the Duke of Zhou's 72 generation descendants family tree was examined and commented on by Song Lian.

paragraph: Duke Huan of Lu's son through Qingfu (慶父) was the ancestor of Mencius. He was descended from Duke Yang of the State of Lu 魯煬公 Duke Yang was the son of Bo Qin, who was the son of the Duke of Zhou. The genealogy is found in the Mencius family tree (孟子世家大宗世系).

paragraph: The Zhikou (Chikow) Chiangs such as Chiang Kai-shek were descended from Chiang Shih-chieh who during the 1600s (17th century) moved there from Fenghua district, whose ancestors in turn came to southeastern China's Zhejiang (Chekiang) province after moving out of Northern China in the 13th century AD. The 12th-century BC Duke of Zhou's (Duke of Chou) third son was the ancestor of the Chiangs.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Family tree of ancient Chinese emperors

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tomb of Zhou Gong

alias:
Dan, Duke of Zhou
Ji Dan
Zhou Gong Dan
Chou-kung Tan

description: Duke of Zhou

wikidata_label: Duke of Zhou

wikipedia_title: Duke of Zhou


text:
c.
privateer
Count's Feud
Vendsyssel
North Jutland
Aalborg
Christian II of Denmark
Frederick I of Denmark
Christopher of Oldenburg
Christian III of Denmark
separate peace
Johan Rantzau
breaking on the wheel
Viborg, Denmark
Wat Tyler
England
Thomas Müntzer
Germany
Yemelyan Pugachev
Russia
"Grevens Fejde" (Count's Feud)

categories: Danish rebels,1536 deaths,16th-century merchants,Privateers,Year of birth uncertain,History of Lübeck,People from Aalborg,History of Aalborg,People executed by breaking wheel,Danish merchants,16th-century Danish people,16th-century executions by Denmark,16th-century businesspeople,Executed Danish people,People executed by Denmark–Norway

paragraph: Skipper Clement

paragraph: Klemen Andersen "Skipper Clement" (c. 1484 – September 9, 1536) was a Danish merchant, captain, privateer and leader of the peasant rebellion that was part of the civil war known as the Count's Feud ("Grevens Fejde").

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: Clement was born to a farmer family in Aaby parish ("Aaby Sogn i Kjer Herred") in the district of Vendsyssel in North Jutland. He became a merchant in Aalborg and later captain and vice admiral in the navy of King Christian II of Denmark. In 1523, Christian II was sent into exile and his uncle, Frederick I of Denmark had taken over the throne. In 1525, Clement mutinied and became a privateer.

paragraph: Section::::Count's Feud.

paragraph: Clement later allied himself to Christopher of Oldenburg. At Count Christoffer's instruction, he instigated the peasants of Vendsyssel and North Jutland to rise up against the nobles. On 16 October 1534 the peasant army of Clement, re-enforced with professional soldiers from Count Christoffer, met the army of the Jutland nobility, that had been sent to crush the revolt. The Battle of Svenstrup ("Slaget ved Svenstrup") resulted in the defeat of the nobility army. For a couple of months the revolting peasants controlled a major part of northern Jutland. They expelled the noblemen and burned down many of their manor houses. However, in the long run the peasant army was too poorly armed and too undisciplined. King Christian III of Denmark made a separate peace with Count Christoffer and his general Johan Rantzau was freed to fight the peasant revolt.

paragraph: In December 1534, the army of Johan Rantzau defeated the peasant army which had retreated to Aalborg and strengthened the defenses of the city. After a hard battle, Rantzau's army overcame the defenses, sacked the city and killed as many as 2,000 people. Clement managed to escape, but was betrayed and captured by his enemies. He was kept in prison until the end of the civil war and was then executed by breaking on the wheel in Viborg, Denmark.

paragraph: Section::::Evaluation.

paragraph: Later historians and fiction writers have admired Clement as a revolutionary figure and a champion for the rights of the common man. Also as a local North Jutland hero he is admired and a statue was erected there in 1931. The depth of his social or ideological engagement is unprovable but as the last active, and perhaps most influential, peasant rebel in Danish history he might be viewed a Danish parallel of Wat Tyler in England, Thomas Müntzer in Germany and Yemelyan Pugachev in Russia.

paragraph: Section::::Other sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dansk Biografisk leksikon", vol.3, (Copenhagen: 1979)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Politikens Danmarkshistorie", vol 6, by Svend Cedergreen Bech, (Copenhagen: 1963)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Grevens Fejde" (Count's Feud)

description: Danish rebel fighter

wikidata_label: Skipper Clement

wikipedia_title: Skipper Clement


text: rococo

text: neoclassical styles

text: Le Puy-en-Velay

text: Saint-Paulien

text: Guillaume Coustou the Younger

text: Prix de Rome

text: bas-relief

text: Antiquity

text: Louis-Michel van Loo

text: French Academy in Rome

text: Sleeping Ariadne

text: Versailles

text: Institut de France

text: Légion d'Honneur

text: Bâtiments du Roi

text: Louis XVI

text: Jean de La Fontaine

text: Nicolas Poussin

text: toga

text: Pavillon de Flore

text: Amalthea

text: Jupiter

text: Château de Rambouillet

text: Capitoline Venus

text: Bas-relief

text: Daniel Wildenstein

text: Musée du Louvre

text: Jean de La Fontaine

text: Nicolas Poussin

text: sketch model

categories: French male sculptors,1804 deaths,People from Haute-Loire,1731 births,18th-century French sculptors

paragraph: Pierre Julien

paragraph: Pierre Julien (20 June 1731 – 17 December 1804) was a French sculptor who worked in a full range of rococo and neoclassical styles.

paragraph: He served an early apprenticeship at Le Puy-en-Velay, near his natal village of Saint-Paulien, then at the École de dessin of Lyon, then entered the Parisian atelier of Guillaume Coustou the Younger. In 1765 he won a Prix de Rome for sculpture with a bas-relief panel of a subject from Antiquity and entered the École royale des élèves protégés, which offered a special course of study under the direction of the painter Louis-Michel van Loo. He was a pensionnaire at the French Academy in Rome, 1768 to 1773, where he was influenced by the tide of neoclassicism that affected his fellow students. As pensionnaires were expected to do, he sent back to France a marble copy from the Antique, slightly reduced in scale, of the so-called "Cleopatra", the Vatican's "Sleeping Ariadne", which remains at Versailles.

paragraph: On his return to France and his former master, he worked on the sculpture for the mausoleum of Louis, "le Grand Dauphin" in the cathedral of Sens. After a failed try in 1776, with his "Ganymede", he was received by the Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture in 1778, with a "Dying Gladiator" for his "morceau de réception" He was named one of the original members of the Institut de France, 1795, and a chevalier of the Légion d'Honneur, 1804.

paragraph: He received commissions from the comte d'Angiviller, director of the Bâtiments du Roi, on behalf of Louis XVI for figures in a suite of life-size portraits of the great men of France: he realized a "Jean de La Fontaine" and a "Nicolas Poussin", whom he elected to represent in his nightclothes, approximating the draperies of a Roman toga. While fulfilling commissions in Paris, for the Church of Sainte-Geneviève (now the Panthéon, Paris), or at the Pavillon de Flore of the Louvre, he sculpted in 1785 a virtuoso marble ensemble of the nymph Amalthea and the goat that nurtured Jupiter for the Queen's fastidiously-appointed Dairy ("La Laiterie") at the Château de Rambouillet; for his model, he adapted the pose of the famous Capitoline Venus. Bas-reliefs from the "Laiterie", reckoned among his masterpieces, were sold at auction in 1819, but were retrieved by the State in 2005, thanks to a gift from the son of the great dealer-collector Daniel Wildenstein.

paragraph: Section::::Major works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gladiateur mourant", marble, 1779, Musée du Louvre.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ganymède versant le nectar à Jupiter changé en aigle", marble group, 1776–1778, Paris, musée du Louvre

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jean de La Fontaine", marble, 1783-85. Musée du Louvre

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nicolas Poussin", marble, 1789 - 1804. Musée du Louvre

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nicolas Poussin" terracotta sketch model, about 1787 - 1788. Musée du Louvre

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Amalthée et la chèvre de Jupiter", marble group, 1787 for the "Laiterie" at Rambouillet. Laiterie de la Reine at Rambouillet

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Jeune fille à la chèvre", terracotta statuette, 1786. Musée du Louvre

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sainte Geneviève rendant la vue à sa mère", terracotta bas-relief, 1776. Musée du Louvre

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Michael Preston Worley, 2003. "Pierre Julien: Sculptor to Queen Marie-Antoinette". The first modern monograph.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Exhibition Catalogue. Gilles Grandjean and Guilhem Scherf. "Pierre Julien 1731-1804". Le Puy-en-Velay, France: Musée Crozatier, 2004.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Europe in the age of enlightenment and revolution", a catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art Libraries (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Julien (see index)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Grove Dictionary of Art" on-line excerpts

description: French artist

wikidata_label: Pierre Julien

wikipedia_title: Pierre Julien


text:
ibn Saud
Riyadh
Prince Mansour
Ibn Saud
King Saud
Crown Prince Faisal
King Khalid
Sudairi Seven
Prince Mansour
Ibn Saud
House of Saud
New York City
Prince Mansour

wikipedia_title:
Ibn Saud
Riyadh
Mansour bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Ibn Saud
Saud of Saudi Arabia
Faisal of Saudi Arabia
Khalid of Saudi Arabia
Sudairi Seven
Mansour bin Mutaib Al Saud
Ibn Saud
House of Saud
New York City
Mansour bin Mutaib Al Saud

categories: Government ministers of Saudi Arabia,Governors of provinces in Saudi Arabia,1931 births,Saudi Arabian billionaires,Saudi Arabian businesspeople,Living people

paragraph: Mutaib bin Abdulaziz Al Saud

paragraph: Mutaib bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (, "") (born 1931) is a senior member of the Saudi royal family and oldest surviving son of ibn Saud.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Prince Mutaib was born in Riyadh in 1931, or 1928. He is the seventeenth son of Ibn Saud. He is the full brother of Prince Mansour (1921 – 1951), Prince Mishaal and Princess Qumash who died on 26 September 2011. Their mother Shahida (died 1938), who reportedly was one of the Ibn Saud's favorite wives.

paragraph: Mutaib bin Abdulaziz received primary and secondary education in Riyadh and Madinah. He then went to California for university education.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Mutaib bin Abdulaziz served as deputy minister of defense from 1951 to 1956 when his full brother Mishaal bin Abdulaziz was the minister. Prince Muatib served as governor of Makkah province from 1958 to 1961. He and his older brother Mishaal were ousted from the office by King Saud, but they were given official power in 1963 by Crown Prince Faisal, who entrusted them the deputy governorship and key governorship, respectively. Both resigned from their posts in 1971 for reasons that are not entirely clear.

paragraph: Then, Mutaib bin Abdulaziz joined the Saudi cabinet at the end of 1975 and served as minister of public works and housing until 1980. He is the first minister of public works and housing since it was first founded in this year. His appointment and Prince Majid's appointment as minister of municipal and rural affairs by King Khalid were a move to reduce the power of Sudairi Seven in the cabinet.

paragraph: Later, Prince Mutaib served as minister of municipal and rural affairs from 1980 to 2009. He resigned from office and his son Prince Mansour succeeded him in the aforementioned post in November 2009.

paragraph: Section::::Business activities.

paragraph: Prince Mutaib is reported to have benefited from all land projects in Saudi Arabia. He had this right as a result of his claim that his father, Ibn Saud, had promised him the entire rights of the Kingdom's fishery revenues. Then, the National Fisheries Company was founded by the House of Saud and he became a partner of it. Prince Mutaib is shareholder of the real-estate company, Société Générale d'Entreprises Touristiques which is chaired by Walid Saab. He also has a beverage firm.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Mutaib bin Abdulaziz currently lives in the Trump Tower in New York City, where he owns an entire floor of the building. His son, Prince Mansour, was the minister of municipal and rural affairs between 2009-2014.

paragraph: Prince Mutaib was the custodian of Prince Talal bin Mansour (born 1951), who is the son of his late brother Prince Mansour. Prince Mutaib's daughter Princess Nouf married Prince Talal. She died in Riyadh at the age of 34 in February 2001.

paragraph: In 2013, Prince Mutaib was the 98th richest Arab in the world with the net worth of US $110.1 million.

description: Saudi royal

wikidata_label: Mutaib bin Abdulaziz Al Saud

wikipedia_title: Mutaib bin Abdulaziz Al Saud


text:
Ibn Saud
Saudi Arabia
House of Saud
Ibn Saud
Riyadh
Circassian
Ibn Saud
Fawwaz bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Musaid
King Faisal
Jeddah
Faisal bin Bandar
Al-Qassim Province
Interior Ministry
Faisal
Asir Province
Al-Qassim Region
Royal Saudi Land Forces
Royal Saudi Air Force
McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle

wikipedia_title:
Ibn Saud
Saudi Arabia
House of Saud
Ibn Saud
Riyadh
Circassians
Ibn Saud
Fawwaz bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Musa'id bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Faisal of Saudi Arabia
Jeddah
Faisal bin Bandar Al Saud
Al-Qassim Region
Interior minister
Faisal bin Bandar Al Saud
Asir Province
Al-Qassim Region
Saudi Arabian Army
Royal Saudi Air Force
McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle

categories: 1923 births,Saudi Arabian people of Syrian descent,2019 deaths

paragraph: Bandar bin Abdulaziz Al Saud

paragraph: Bandar bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (, born 1923 – 28 July 2019) was a Saudi royal and the tenth son of Ibn Saud, the first monarch of Saudi Arabia. At the time of his death, he was the eldest surviving member of the ruling branch of the House of Saud (agnatic descendants of Ibn Saud).

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Bandar was reportedly born in Riyadh in 1923, though Talal Kapoor reports his birth year as 1921. His mother, Bazza II, a Circassian woman, died in 1940. He was the tenth son of Ibn Saud, and his full brother was Prince Fawwaz bin Abdulaziz Al Saud.

paragraph: Section::::Succession.

paragraph: Prince Bandar stepped aside from the line of succession, despite opposition to Sultan bin Abdulaziz's appointment as second deputy prime minister by King Fahd in 1982. He was given a huge bribe by which he agreed to settle down and to step aside from the throne. His only government service had been as the director general of the Interior Ministry, and the fact that his mother was Moroccan may also have counted against him. Similar claims by Musaid were rejected because his son had assassinated King Faisal in 1975. As compensation, however, two of Bandar's sons were given important jobs: Mansour bin Bandar was made the commander of Prince Abdullah Air Base at Jeddah and Faisal bin Bandar the governor of Al-Qassim Province.

paragraph: Section::::Career and family.

paragraph: Bandar's only official government position was as Director General of the Interior Ministry. His various business concerns included Tabuk Cement Co. and Riyadh Recreational Hotels Co. His sons have served in both government and military posts, Faisal was previously Deputy Governor of Asir Province, and served as Governor of Al-Qassim Region from 1992 to January 2015 when he was appointed governor of Riyadh. Another son, Abd Alaziz, was deputy chief of the Al Mukhabarat Al A'amah (Intelligence Presidency) until 5 October 2012, when he resigned from the post. Bandar's third son, Khalid bin Bandar, served as the president of general intelligence and as the governor of Riyadh Province and was a Lieutenant General and commander in the Royal Saudi Land Forces. A fourth son, Mansour, is a Royal Saudi Air Force (RSAF) officer who served as the commander of a McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle squadron at King Abdul-Aziz Air Base (Dhahran) in the early 1980s. One of his youngest sons, Abdullah bin Bandar bin Abdulaziz Al Saud is Minister of National Guard.

paragraph: Prince Bandar died in July 2019, reportedly at the age of 95.

alias: Bandar bin Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud

description: Member of House of Saud

wikidata_label: Bandar bin Abdulaziz Al Saud

wikipedia_title: Bandar bin Abdulaziz Al Saud


text:
Muslim
Bijapur
Ahmednagar
Maharashtra
Ahmednagar
Mughal
Akbar
Hussain Nizam Shah I
Ahmednagar
Burhan Nizam Shah II
Arabic
Persian
Turkish
Marathi
Kannada
sitar
Ali Adil Shah I
Bijapur Sultanate
stepwell
Sunni
Deccan
Shi'a
Ibrahim Adil Shah II
elephants
Satara
Qutb Shahi
Shi'a
Maratha
Ahmednagar
Akbar
Deccan sultanates
Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Bahadur Shah
Ahmednagar
Akbar
Murad Mirza
Malwa
Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana
Mandu
Paithan
Mughals
Berar
Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah
Naldurg
Khan-I-Khana
Godavari River
Daniyal
Beed
eunuch
valet
quisling

wikipedia_title:
Muslims
Adil Shahi dynasty
Ahmadnagar Sultanate
Maharashtra
Ahmadnagar Sultanate
Mughal Empire
Akbar
Hussain Nizam Shah I
Ahmadnagar Sultanate
Burhan Nizam Shah II
Arabic
Persian language
Turkish language
Marathi language
Kannada
Sitar
Ali Adil Shah I
Adil Shahi dynasty
Stepwell
Sunni Islam
Deccan Plateau
Shia Islam
Ibrahim Adil Shah II
War elephant
Satara district
Qutb Shahi dynasty
Shia Islam
Maratha
Ahmadnagar Sultanate
Akbar
Deccan sultanates
Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Bahadur Nizam Shah
Ahmednagar
Akbar
Murad Mirza (son of Akbar)
Malwa
Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana
Mandu, Madhya Pradesh
Paithan
Mughal Empire
Berar Subah
Ibrahim Adil Shah II
Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah
Naldurg
Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana
Godavari River
Daniyal Mirza
Beed
Eunuch
Valet
Quisling

categories: Indian women in war,Ahmadnagar Sultanate,16th-century Indian monarchs,16th-century women rulers,1550 births,Indian female royalty,Indian queen consorts,Military personnel from Karnataka,Queens,People from Bijapur district, Karnataka,Bijapur, Karnataka,1599 deaths,Women in 16th-century warfare

paragraph: Chand Bibi

paragraph: Chand Bibi (1550–1599 CE), was an Indian Muslim regent and warrior. She acted as the Regent of Bijapur (1580–90) and Regent of Ahmednagar (in current day Maharashtra) (1596–99). Chand Bibi is best known for defending Ahmednagar against the Mughal forces of Emperor Akbar in 1595.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Chand Bibi was the daughter of Hussain Nizam Shah I of Ahmednagar, and the sister of Burhan Nizam Shah II, the Sultan of Ahmednagar. She knew many languages, including Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Marathi and Kannada. She played sitar, and painting flowers was her hobby.

paragraph: Section::::Bijapur Sultanate.

paragraph: Following an alliance policy, Chand Bibi was married to Ali Adil Shah I of the Bijapur Sultanate. A stepwell ("bawdi") constructed near the eastern boundary of Bijapur by her husband was named "Chand Bawdi" after her.

paragraph: Ali Adil Shah's father, Ibrahim Adil Shah I, had divided power between the Sunni nobles, the Habshis and the Deccanis. However, Ali Adil Shah favored Shi'as. After his death in 1580, the Shi'a nobles proclaimed his nine-year-old nephew Ibrahim Adil Shah II as the ruler. A Deccani general called Kamal Khan seized power and became the regent. Kamal Khan showed disrespect to Chand Bibi, who felt that he had ambitions to usurp the throne. Chand Bibi plotted an attack against Kamal Khan with help from another general, Haji Kishvar Khan. Kamal Khan was captured while fleeing and was beheaded in the fort.

paragraph: Kishvar Khan became the second regent of Ibrahim. In a battle against the Ahmednagar Sultanate at Dharaseo, the Bijapur army led by him captured all the artillery and elephants of the enemy army. After the victory, Kishvar Khan ordered other Bijapuri generals to surrender all the captured elephants to him. The elephants were highly valued, and the other generals took great offense. Along with Chand Bibi, they hatched a plan to eliminate Kishvar Khan with help from General Mustafa Khan of Bankapur. Kishvar Khan's spies informed him of the conspiracy, so he sent troops against Mustafa Khan, who was captured and killed in the battle. Chand Bibi challenged Kishvar Khan, but he got her imprisoned at the Satara fort and tried to declare himself the king. However, Kishvar Khan had become very unpopular among the rest of the generals. He was forced to flee when a joint army led by a Habshi general called Ikhlas Khan marched to Bijapur. The army consisted of the forces of three Habshi nobles: Ikhlas Khan, Hamid Khan and Dilavar Khan. Kishvar Khan tried his luck at Ahmednagar unsuccessfully, and then fled to Golconda. He was killed in exile by a relative of Mustafa Khan. Following this, Chand Bibi acted as the regent for a short time.

paragraph: Ikhlas Khan then became the regent, but he was dismissed by Chand Bibi shortly afterwards. Later, he resumed his dictatorship, which was soon challenged by the other Habshi generals. Taking advantage of the situation in Bijapur, Ahmednagar's Nizam Shahi sultan allied with the Qutb Shahi of Golconda to attack Bijapur. The troops available at Bijapur were not sufficient to repulse the joint attack. The Habshi generals realized that they could not defend the city alone, and tended their resignation to Chand Bibi. Abu-ul-Hassan, a Shi'a general appointed by Chand Bibi, called for the Maratha forces in Carnatic. The Marathas attacked the invaders' supply lines, forcing the Ahmednagar-Golconda allied army to retreat.

paragraph: Ikhlas Khan then attacked Dilavar Khan to seize the control of Bijapur. However, he was defeated, and Dilavar Khan became the regent from 1582 to 1591. When order was restored in Bijapur kingdom, Chand Bibi returned to Ahmednagar.

paragraph: Section::::Ahmednagar Sultanate.

paragraph: In 1591, the Mughal emperor Akbar had asked all the four Deccan sultanates to acknowledge his supremacy. All the sultanates evaded compliance, and Akbar's ambassadors returned in 1593. In 1595, Ibrahim Nizam Shah, the ruler of Ahmednagar Sultanate was killed in a severe battle about 40 miles from Ahmednagar at Shahdurg against Ibrahim Adil Shah II of Bijapur. After his death, some nobles felt that his infant son Bahadur Shah should be proclaimed the King under the regency of Chand Bibi (his father's aunt).

paragraph: However, the Deccani minister Miyan Manju proclaimed the twelve-year-old son of Shah Tahir, Ahmad Nizam Shah II, as the ruler on 6 August 1595. The Habshi nobles of Ahmednagar, led by Ikhlas Khan, were opposed to this plan. The rising dissent among the nobles prompted Miyan Manju to invite Akbar's son Murad Mirza (who was in Gujarat) to march his army to Ahmednagar. Murad came to Malwa, where he joined Mughal forces led by Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana. Raja Ali Khan joined them at Mandu, and the united army advanced on Ahmednagar.

paragraph: However, while Murad was on march to Ahmednagar, many noblemen left Ikhlas Khan and joined Miyan Manju. Miyan Manju defeated Ikhlas Khan and other opponents. Now, he regretted having invited the Mughals, but it was too late. He requested Chand Bibi to accept the regency, and marched out of Ahmednagar with Ahmed Shah II. Ikhlas Khan also escaped to Paithan, where he was attacked and defeated by the Mughals.

paragraph: Chand Bibi accepted the regency and proclaimed Bahadur Shah king of Ahmednagar.

paragraph: Section::::Ahmednagar Sultanate.:Defence of Ahmednagar.

paragraph: Ahmednagar was invaded by the Mughals in November 1595. Chand Bibi took the leadership in Ahmednagar and defended the Ahmednagar fort successfully. Later, Shah Murad sent an envoy to Chand Bibi, offering to raise the siege in return for the cession of Berar. Chand Bibi's troops were suffering from famine. In 1596, she decided to make peace by ceding Berar to Murad, who retreated.

paragraph: Chand Bibi appealed to her nephews Ibrahim Adil Shah II of Bijapur and Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah of Golconda, asking them to unite against the Mughal forces. Ibrahim Adil Shah II sent a contingent of 25,000 men under Sohil Khan, which was joined by the remainder of Yekhlas Khan's force at Naldurg. Later, it was joined by a contingent of 6,000 men from Golconda.

paragraph: Chand Bibi had appointed Muhammad Khan as the minister, but he proved treacherous. He made overtures to the Khan-I-Khana, offering to surrender the whole Sultanate to the Mughals. Meanwhile, Khan-I-Khana started taking possession of districts that were not included in the cession of Berar. Sohil Khan, who was returning to Bijapur, was ordered to come back and attack Khan-I-Khana's Mughal forces. The Mughal forces under Khan-I-Khana and Mirza Shah Rukh left Murad's camp at Sahpur in Berar and encountered the combined forces of Bijapur, Ahmadnagar, and Golconda under Sohil Khan near Sonpet (or Supa) on the banks of Godavari River. In a fierce battle on 8–9 February 1597, the Mughals won.

paragraph: In spite of their victory, the Mughal forces were too weak to pursue their attack and returned to Sahpur. One of their commanders, Raja Ali Khan, was killed in the battle and there were frequent disputes between other commanders. Due to these disputes, Khan-I-Khana was recalled by Akbar in 1597. Prince Murad died shortly thereafter. Akbar then sent his son Daniyal and Khan-I-Khana with fresh troops. Akbar himself followed and encamped at Barhanpur.

paragraph: In Ahmednagar, Chand Bibi's authority was being resisted by the newly appointed minister Nehang Khan. Nehang Khan had recaptured the town of Beed, taking advantage of Khan-I-Khana's absence and of the rainy season. In 1599, Akbar dispatched Daniyal, Mirza Yusuf Khan and Khan-I-Khana to relieve the governor of Beed. Nehang Khan also marched to seize the Jaipur Kotli pass, expecting the Mughals to meet him there. However, Daniyal avoided the pass and reached Ahmednagar fort. His forces laid siege to the fort.

paragraph: Chand Bibi again defended the fort. However, she could not bring about an effective resistance, and decided to negotiate terms with Daniyal. Hamid Khan, a nobleman, exaggerated and spread the false news that Chand Bibi was in treaty with the Mughals. According to another version, Jita Khan, a eunuch valet of Chand Bibi, thought that her decision to negotiate with the Mughals was treacherous and spread the news that Chand Bibi was a quisling. Chand Bibi was then killed by an enraged mob of her own troops. After her death, and a siege of four months and four days, Ahmednagar was captured by the Mughal forces of Daniyal and Mirza Yusuf Khan.

paragraph: Section::::Chand bibi ka Mahal.

paragraph: The tomb of Salabat Khan is wrongly known locally as "Chand bibi ka Mahal."

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of women in early modern warfare

description: Indian Muslim regent and warrior

wikidata_label: Chand Bibi

wikipedia_title: Chand Bibi


text:
hip hop
Jerez de la Frontera
Cádiz
Seville
hairdresser
hip-hop
SFDK
Zona Bruta
Universal Music Spain
Julieta Venegas
Eres para mí
Barack Obama
NPR
Pitchfork
SFDK
Akon
Vico C
Upsurt
Antonio Carmona
Calle 13
Bajofondo
Julieta Venegas
Vicentico
Kumbia All Starz
Nelly Furtado
Julieta Venegas
Bajo Otra Luz
Diego Torres
Romeo Santos
Kinky
SOJA
El Guincho
Ibeyi
Beatriz Luengo
Juan Magán
Stylo G

wikipedia_title:
Hip hop music
Jerez de la Frontera
Province of Cádiz
Seville
Hairdresser
Hip hop music
SFDK (band)
Zona Bruta
Universal Music Group
Julieta Venegas
Eres para mí
Barack Obama
NPR
Pitchfork (website)
SFDK (band)
Akon
Vico C
Upsurt
Antonio Carmona
Calle 13 (band)
Bajofondo
Julieta Venegas
Vicentico
Kumbia All Starz
Nelly Furtado
Julieta Venegas
Bajo Otra Luz
Diego Torres
Romeo Santos
Kinky (band)
SOJA
El Guincho
Ibeyi
Beatriz Luengo
Juan Magán
Stylo G

categories: People from Jerez de la Frontera,Living people,Spanish female singers,Spanish female rappers,1979 births,Spanish songwriters,Hip hop singers,Latin Grammy Award winners,Spanish Romani people,Andalusian singers

paragraph: Mala Rodríguez

paragraph: María Rodríguez Garrido, also known as La Mala, La Mala María, or Mala Rodríguez ("Mala", Spanish for "bad"), is a Latin Grammy Award-winning Spanish hip hop rapper.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Maria Rodríguez was born in Jerez de la Frontera, Cádiz on February 13, 1979. She grew up in Seville and became involved with the city's thriving hip-hop scene as a teenager. The daughter of a hairdresser in an Andalusian family, she describes herself as being from a working-class family, saying, "My mother and I are both young, and all I know is that my family experienced hunger back then, and that sticks with you. I didn't grow up with luxury, but I never missed a meal either." At age seventeen, she performed onstage for the first time, and adopted the stage name La Mala.

paragraph: Section::::Musical career.

paragraph: She rose to prominence in the late 1990s alongside fellow Sevillian hip-hop acts such as La Gota Que Colma, SFDK, and La Alta Escuela. After she adopted the stage name La Mala, she appeared on La Gota Que Colma's album "Mordiendo el Micro" on the songs "No Hay Rebaja", and "Dando Guerra". She also appeared on SFDK's "Siempre Fuertes" and La Alta Escuela's "En Pie de Vuelo" on the song "Espectáculo en la Gancha". She made her solo debut with A Jierro/Toma la Traca, a maxi-single released by Zona Bruta in 1999. The song was originally planned for release by Zeroporsiento, a Sevillian label for which she had recorded the tracks. In 2000, she signed to Universal Music Spain, and released her full-length debut album, "Lujo Ibérico". Her second album, "Alevosía", featured the single, "La Niña". The song gained notability when its controversial music video was banned from Spanish TV because of its depiction of a young female drug dealer.

paragraph: On the soundtrack of the film "Fast & Furious (2009 film)" her single "Volveré", from the "Malamarismo" album, was featured.

paragraph: In 2008, Rodriguez was invited to join Julieta Venegas for her MTV Unplugged performance singing the song "Eres para mí"

paragraph: She performed with Maroon 5, Björk and LMFAO at the Festival Imperial in the Autódromo La Guácima racetrack in Alajuela, Costa Rica in March 2012.

paragraph: In April 2013 she revealed on her Facebook page that her new album, "Bruja", would be released in June 18. On September 12, 2013, she went back to Costa Rica.

paragraph: In 2015, Mala Rodriguez was one of the many artists featured on President Barack Obama’s Summer Spotify Playlist

paragraph: NPR recently named one of her earlier singles "Yo Marco El Minuto" as one of the “200 Greatest Songs by 21st Century Women.”

paragraph: After a four-year hiatus, Mala released her latest single, “Gitanas” on July 6, 2018. Pitchfork says, “Her voice is bold and unflinching, when she boldly asks 'Quien me protege?' (“Who protects me?”) you can almost feel the ground quake beneath her feet. Mala already knows the answer to her question. Without missing a beat, she cries out, “Yo!” (“Me!”), daring anyone to doubt her.”

paragraph: Section::::Collaborations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- La Gota que Colma ""Mordiendo el micro"" (1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- SFDK ""Siempre fuertes"" (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- El Imperio ""Monopolio"" (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- La Alta Escuela ""Espectaculo en la cancha"" (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jota Mayúscula ""Hombre negro soltero busca..."" (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ygryega ""XXL"" (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Poison ""El Poeta de Mi Barrio"" (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dnoe ""Que Piensan Las Mujeres 1: Personal"" (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- La Super K ""Agüita"" (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- VV.AA. ""Laboratorio Hip Hop CD1"" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- VV.AA. ""Flow Latino (Habana - Madrid)"" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jota Mayúscula ""Una vida Xtra"" (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- R de Rumba ""Fabricante"" (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Full Nelson ""Confía en mí"" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- VV.AA. ""Bien Sobre Mal Vol.3"" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Akon ""Locked Up (reedición)"" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vico C ""Vamonos Po' Encima"" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Upsurt ""Втората цедка"" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kultama ""Nacional e importación"" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Antonio Carmona ""Vengo venenoso"" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Griffi ""Los Impresentables"" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Calle 13 ""Mala suerte con el 13"" (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bajofondo ""El Anden"" (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Julieta Venegas ""Tiempo Pa`Pensa"" Malamarismo (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vicentico y Kumbia All Starz ""Vuelve"" (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jota Mayúscula ""Juega con el monstruo""

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jota Mayúscula ""Como un títere""

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mentenguerra ""Por La Noche""

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nelly Furtado and Julieta Venegas ""Bajo Otra Luz"" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Diego Torres ""Mirar Atrás"" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sebastian Yepes ""De Lo Oscuro a Lo Puro"" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Romeo Santos ""Magia Negra"" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kinky ""Negro Día"" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- SOJA ""Like It Used To"" (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- El Guincho ""Comix"" (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ibeyi ""Me Voy"" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beatriz Luengo ""Caprichosa"" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Juan Magán ""Usted" " (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stylo G ""Contigo" " (2018)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- BrownPride.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- RockEnEspanol.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- DiarioLasAmericas.com Article in Spanish posted July 13, 2007 in Miami's Diario Las Americas daily newspaper

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mala Rodriguez Concludes Her Appearance at the LAMC with Great Success Mala Rodriguez article posted in Chicago's Extra News, July 13, 2007

alias:
La Mala
Mala Rodriguez
La Mala Juntera Crew

description: Spanish rapper Latin MC

wikidata_label: Mala Rodríguez

wikipedia_title: Mala Rodríguez


text: Pommeuse

text: Seine-et-Marne

text: French

text: Pommeuse

text: Seine-et-Marne

text: Darryl F. Zanuck

text: The Longest Day

text: The Visit

text: Ingrid Bergman

text: Anthony Quinn

text: Un monsieur de compagnie

text: Catherine Deneuve

text: Jean-Pierre Cassel

text: Up from the Beach

text: Cliff Robertson

text: Red Buttons

text: La Métamorphose des cloportes

text: Prudence and the Pill

text: Le Clan des Siciliens

text: Jean Gabin

text: Alain Delon

text: Indianapolis, Indiana

text: The Longest Day

text: OSS 117 se déchaîne

text: The Visit

text: Un monsieur de compagnie

text: Up from the Beach

text: La Métamorphose des cloportes

text: Once a Greek

text: Tiffany Memorandum

text: Prudence and the Pill

text: The Archangel

text: The Sicilian Clan

text: Goya, a Story of Solitude

text: Naked Girl Killed in the Park

text: Tragic Ceremony

categories: 2004 deaths,1936 births,People from Seine-et-Marne,French people of Russian descent,French film actresses,French emigrants to the United States

paragraph: Irina Demick

paragraph: Irina Demick (16 October 1936 in Pommeuse, Seine-et-Marne – 8 October 2004), sometimes credited as Irina Demich, was a French actress with a brief career in American films.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born Irina Dziemiach, of Russian ancestry, in Pommeuse, Seine-et-Marne, she went to Paris and became a model. She made an appearance in a French film "Julie la rousse" (1959) and met producer Darryl F. Zanuck, whose lover she became: he then cast her in his epic production, "The Longest Day" as a French resistance fighter. Her career continued with roles in "OSS se déchaîne" (1963), "The Visit" (1964), alongside Ingrid Bergman and Anthony Quinn, "Un monsieur de compagnie" (1964) with Catherine Deneuve and Jean-Pierre Cassel and "Up from the Beach" (1965) opposite Cliff Robertson and Red Buttons. In 1965, she played in "La Métamorphose des cloportes", and seven roles in "Those Magnificent Men in their Flying Machines", each one of a different nationality.

paragraph: After making a few more films including "Prudence and the Pill" (1968) and "Le Clan des Siciliens" ("The Sicilian Clan", 1969), with Jean Gabin and Alain Delon, and two Italian horror films in 1972, Demick's career faded and came to a standstill.

paragraph: In 1964, she married Philippe Wahl, a Swiss entrepreneur. Together they lived in Rome and Paris. After her divorce in 1979, she moved to the U.S. She died in Indianapolis, Indiana.

paragraph: Section::::Selected filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Julie la rousse" (1959)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Longest Day" (1962) as Janine Boitard

paragraph: BULLET::::- "OSS 117 se déchaîne" (1963) as Lucia

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Visit" (1964) as Anya

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Un monsieur de compagnie" (1964) as Nicole

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Up from the Beach" (1965) as Lili Rolland

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Those Magnificent Men in their Flying Machines" (1965) as Brigitte / Ingrid / Marlene / Françoise / Yvette / Betty

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Métamorphose des cloportes" (1965) as Catherine Verdier

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Once a Greek" (1966) as Chloé Saloniki

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tiffany Memorandum" (1967) as Sylvie Meynard

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Prudence and the Pill" (1968) as Elizabeth Brett

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La porta del cannone" (1969) as Rada Kálmán

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Archangel" (1969) as Sig.ra Taroochi Roda

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Sicilian Clan" (1969) as Jeanne Manalese

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (1970) as Anna

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Quella chiara notte d'ottobre" (1970)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Goya, a Story of Solitude" (1971) as Duchess d'Alba

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Naked Girl Killed in the Park" (1972) as Magda Wallenberger

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tragic Ceremony" (1972) as Bill's mother (final film role)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://starletshowcase.blogspot.com/2008/08/cool-french-underground-girls.html

description: French actress

wikidata_label: Irina Demick

wikipedia_title: Irina Demick


text:
Labour Party
United Kingdom
1918 general election
Member of Parliament
Bedwellty
Monmouthshire
Parliament
1950 general election
Privy Councillor
chief whip
war-time Coalition Government

categories: UK MPs 1918–1922,UK MPs 1924–1929,UK MPs 1935–1945,Welsh Labour Party MPs,UK MPs 1929–1931,UK MPs 1945–1950,UK MPs 1931–1935,Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom,1954 deaths,UK MPs 1923–1924,Miners' Federation of Great Britain-sponsored MPs,National Union of Mineworkers-sponsored MPs,UK MPs 1922–1923,1867 births

paragraph: Charles Edwards (Labour politician)

paragraph: Sir Charles Edwards (19 February 1867 – 15 June 1954) was a Labour Party politician in the United Kingdom.

paragraph: Edwards was elected at the 1918 general election as Member of Parliament (MP) for the newly created Bedwellty constituency in Monmouthshire. He held the seat until he retired from Parliament at the 1950 general election.

paragraph: He was made a Privy Councillor in 1940, and from 1940 to 1942 he was government chief whip in the war-time Coalition Government.

description: British politician

wikidata_label: Charles Edwards

wikipedia_title: Charles Edwards (Labour politician)


text:
Orthodox
rabbi
United States
Klimavichy
Belarus
Russian Empire
Isser Zalman Meltzer
semichah
Yaakov Dovid Wilovsky
Boruch Ber Leibowitz
Yechiel Michel Epstein
Aruch HaShulchan
Ezras Torah
Louis Henkin
Yehuda Herzl Henkin
Orthodox
rabbi
Israel
responsa
Reform
get
yeshivas
synagogues
Rosh Hashanah
kiddush
shofar
chametz
Passover
chametz
Passover
fraud
Moshe Feinstein
Yeshiva University
Israel
Henkin, Rabbi Yehuda
Letter on Israel

categories: American Haredi rabbis,1881 births,1973 deaths,Belarusian Orthodox rabbis

paragraph: Yosef Eliyahu Henkin

paragraph: Rabbi Yosef Eliyahu Henkin (1881–1973) was a prominent Orthodox rabbi in the United States.

paragraph: He was born in 1881 in Klimavichy, Belarus, then in the Russian Empire, and studied at the Slutzker Yeshiva under Rabbi Isser Zalman Meltzer. He received rabbinical ordination ("semichah") from Rabbi Meltzer, and he was also ordained by Rabbi Yaakov Dovid Wilovsky (the Ridvaz), Rabbi Boruch Ber Leibowitz and Rabbi Yechiel Michel Epstein, the Aruch HaShulchan. However, according to the recollections of a student (included in the responsa of Rabbi Henkin's grandson), Rabbi Henkin did not remember receiving ordination from Rabbi Epstein, and for his ordination from Rabbi Wilovsky he was not tested by Wilovsky himself, but by Wilovsky's son-in-law. After serving as rabbi in a number of Russian towns, he emigrated to America in 1922. In 1925 he became the director of Ezras Torah, which provided assistance to scholars. He served in that capacity until his death.

paragraph: Under his guidance, and following his decisions, Ezras Torah published an annual calendar (luach) listing the synagogue and liturgical customs for each day, specifying the specific practice of that day. Most traditional non-chassidic synagogues in North America followed the decisions of Rabbi Henkin as their baseline.

paragraph: He had two sons: Louis Henkin, legal academician and writer, and Rabbi Hillel Henkin, educator in Connecticut. His grandson is Rabbi Yehuda Herzl Henkin, an Orthodox rabbi in Israel. Many of Rabbi Yosef Eliyahu Henkin's opinions are only known through the responsa of his grandson.

paragraph: Section::::Halachic Positions.

paragraph: Rabbi Henkin considered Reform marriage as a form of common law marriage requiring a Jewish divorce (get).

paragraph: He was opposed to the practice seen in many yeshivas and synagogues of pausing in the middle of the Rosh Hashanah services for kiddush and refreshments before shofar-blowing. (His stance is defended in his grandson's responsa.)

paragraph: If a Jewish storekeeper completed a form to sell his chametz to a non-Jew before Passover, yet he kept his store open, selling chametz on Passover and keeping the profits for himself, Rabbi Henkin felt that this proved the "Chametz sale" to be a fraud and therefore invalid. (Rabbi Moshe Feinstein, on the other hand, believed the sale to still be valid.)

paragraph: Rabbi Henkin felt that in a case where tuna are being caught, it is halachically permissible to check only a few of each batch and not each individual fish; Rabbi Feinstein, on the other hand, felt that each fish needed to be checked for kosher markings that it was in fact, a tuna and not some other fish.

paragraph: Section::::Manhattan eruv.

paragraph: In 1936, Rabbi Henkin declared that Rabbi Yehoshua Seigel's 1905 Manhattan eruv could no longer be relied on because he had only acquired permission for ten years. However, Rabbi Henkin's main argument why the eruv could no longer be relied on was because of the construction of bridges that crossed Manhattan’s waterfront (Luach HaYovel Shel Ezras Torah, p. 62). This letter was later reprinted in Edus L’Yisroel, 1949 (p. 151).

paragraph: Rabbi Henkin was involved in all the discussions about the Manhattan eruv, and on March 15, 1960, he signed on a Statement of the Vaad L’Maan Tikkun Eruvin B’Manhattan (Divrei Menachem, O.C. vol. 2 p. 10) that stated the need to investigate how to bring to fruition the plan for a Manhattan eruv.

paragraph: On July 12, 1961, Rabbi Henkin wrote a letter stating that there was a sound basis to establish an eruv in Manhattan.(ibid., pp. 14–15; Hapardes 36th year, vol. 4, and Kisvei Hagriah Henkin, pp. 32–33). Yet, he wrote that until the eruv would receive the written support of most of the rabbanim of Manhattan, the permisison for the eruv would only be for times of great need.

paragraph: The 1979 letter opposing the Flatbush eruv alleges that Rabbi Henkin signed the 1962 letter against the Manhattan eruv. Yet, his name is not on it, and it is on the 1960 letter in favor.

paragraph: The prevailing view on this matter appears to be that of Rabbi Henkin's, which may be derived from the fact that as of June 2007, the East Side portion of the internal Manhattan Eruv was completed, offering an eruv within Manhattan to Orthodox Jews living on the East, Upper East, and Upper West Sides. Additionally, there are also two other eruvin in Manhattan's Washington Heights, a neighborhood that also once resisted the drive to establish them; one covering the Yeshiva University area and another covering the Fort Washington area.

paragraph: Section::::Position on Israel.

paragraph: Henkin vigorously opposed Zionism, but once the State of Israel was established he declared the need to support its continued existence, and denounced those who tried to undermine it. In 1959 he wrote:

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: Rabbi Norman E. Frimer and Dov I. Frimer, "Reform Marriages in Contemporary Halakhic Responsa," Tradition, Vol. 21, No. 3 (Fall 1984), 7 - 39;

paragraph: Henkin, Rabbi Yehuda, "Equality Lost", Chapter 16 "Rabbi Yosef Eliyahu Henkin", pp. 156–180 (biography of Rabbi Yosef Eliyahu Henkin by his grandson), Jerusalem: Urim Publications, 1999.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://web.archive.org/web/20070909083328/http://www.tzemachdovid.org/gedolim/jo/tpersonality/ravhenkin.html

paragraph: BULLET::::- Letter on Israel

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://eruvonline.blogspot.com/2006/07/part-1-rav-eliyahu-henkin-ztl-and-eruv.html

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://eruvonline.blogspot.com/2006/10/part-2-rav-eliyahu-henkin-ztl-and-eruv.html

description: American rabbi

wikidata_label: Yosef Eliyahu Henkin

wikipedia_title: Yosef Eliyahu Henkin


text: Robert of Vermandois

text: Geoffrey I of Anjou

text: Fulk III of Anjou

categories: Counts of Chalon,980s deaths,950s births

paragraph: Adele of Meaux

paragraph: Adele of Meaux ( – c. 982) was a French noblewoman. She was Countess of Chalon and later Countess of Anjou.

paragraph: Adele was a daughter of Robert of Vermandois, Count of Meaux and Troyes, and Adelaide de Chalon. Adele died in 982.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: She married Geoffrey I of Anjou (c. 938/940 – July 21, 987). Their children were:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fulk III of Anjou (970-1040), he succeeded his father as Count of Anjou.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Geoffrey of Anjou (971-977), died young.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ermengarde, Countess of Rennes and Duchess of Brittany

description: French countess

wikidata_label: Adele of Meaux

wikipedia_title: Adele of Meaux


text: BH

text: first member

text: Ummah

text: Islam

text: shahid

text: Abu Hudhayfa ibn al-Mughira

text: Makhzum

text: Mecca

text: Yasir ibn Amir

text: Madhhij

text: Yemen

text: Ammar

text: Muhammad

text: Abu Bakr

text: Bilal

text: Suhayb

text: Muslim

text: al-Arqam

text: Quraysh

text: Abu Jahl

text: Badr

text: Umayyad

text: Ibn Ishaq

text: "Siratu Rasulullah"

text: Ibn Saad

text: Tabari

text: Khadija bint Khuwaylid

text: Halimah bint Abi Dhuayb

text: The martyrs of "al-Ukhdud"

text: Najran

categories: 550s births,Female Sahabah,Sahabah martyrs

paragraph: Sumayyah bint Khabbat

paragraph: Sumayyah bint Khabbat (or Khayyat خيّاط) () (c. 550-c. 615 CE; 72 BH - 7 BH) was the first member of the "Ummah" (, Community) of Islam to become a "shahidah" (, martyr).

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: She was a slave in the possession of Abu Hudhayfa ibn al-Mughira, a member of the Makhzum clan in Mecca.

paragraph: Her master gave her in marriage to Yasir ibn Amir, who was from the Malik clan of the Madhhij tribe in Yemen. After coming to Mecca to look for a lost brother, he had decided to settle there under Abu Hudhayfa's protection. Sumayyah gave birth to their son Ammar c.566. Yasir also had two other sons, Hurth and Abdullah, but there is no indication that Sumayyah was their mother.

paragraph: At a later date, Abu Hudhayfa freed both Sumayyah and her son Ammar; but they remained his clients for the rest of his life. It is said that Abu Hudhayfa died "before Islam"; but it is also said that he was "one of those who mocked the Prophet".

paragraph: Section::::Conversion to Islam.

paragraph: According to one tradition, Sumayyah was one of the first seven "to display Islam," the other six being Muhammad, Abu Bakr, Bilal, Khabbab, Suhayb and her son Ammar. "To display Islam" might refer to something other than conversion since, according to another tradition, Ammar was not converted until after the Muslims had entered the house of al-Arqam "after thirty men". Yasir and his son Abdullah were also converted "on the rise of Islam," but Hurth had been killed by the Dil clan before 610.

paragraph: The Quraysh persecuted Muslims of low social rank. Sumayyah's family was vulnerable after the death of their patron, and it was other members of the Makhzum clan who tortured them to pressure them to abandon their faith. On one occasion she was put inside a pitcher full of water and lifted so that she could not escape. She, Yasir and Ammar were also forced to stand in the sun in the heat of the day dressed in mail-coats. Muhammad passed while they were standing like that and urged them, "Patience, O family of Yasir! Your meeting-place will be Paradise."

paragraph: Although described as "a very old and frail woman," Sumayyah remained steadfast and refused to abandon Islam.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: One evening Abu Jahl, also a member of the Makhzum clan, came to watch her standing there and he began to insult her verbally. Then he killed her by stabbing and impaling her with his spear.

paragraph: When Abu Jahl was killed at Badr, Muhammad said to Ammar, "Allah has killed your mother's killer."

paragraph: Tabari mentions an alternative account of Sumayyah's life. He says she married a Byzantine slave named Azraq after Yasir's death. She bore him a son named Salamah and their bloodline eventually married into the Umayyad family. Tabari also notes some stories as a case of possible confusion between two Meccan women named Sumayyah.

paragraph: Section::::Historical references.

paragraph: The earliest reference to the murder of Sumayyah is found in Ibn Ishaq's (died 761) biography of Muhammad, "Siratu Rasulullah" (""Biography of the Messenger of God""). Her name "Sumayyah" is not explicitly mentioned in Ibn Ishaq; it is a deduction from the reference to her son as "Ammar "son of" Sumayya". However, she is named as "Sumayyah" in the accounts of Ibn Saad and Tabari.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Khadija bint Khuwaylid

paragraph: BULLET::::- Halimah bint Abi Dhuayb

paragraph: BULLET::::- Islamic perspective on the first martyr of mankind

paragraph: BULLET::::- The martyrs of "al-Ukhdud" (, "the Ditch", or a place near Najran)

wikidata_label: Sumayyah bint Khayyat

wikipedia_title: Sumayyah bint Khabbat


text:
companion
Muḥammad
Umar
Caliph
Adi
Quraysh
Mecca
Asad
Umar
Umar
Muslim
emigration
Medina
Atiqa bint Zayd
Aws
Jamila
Abu Lubaba ibn Abd al-Mundhir
Battle of Badr
Battle of Uhud
Battle of the Ditch
Battle of Yamama
Allah
Musaylimah
Abdullah ibn Suhail
Abu Hudhayfa ibn 'Utba
Salim Mawla Abu Hudhayfa
Uyaynah
Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
Wahhabism
Family tree of Umar
Sahaba

categories: 7th-century Arabs,Year of birth missing,632 deaths,Sahabah martyrs

paragraph: Zayd ibn al-Khattab

paragraph: Zayd ibn al-Khaṭṭāb (died 632) was a companion of the Islamic prophet Muḥammad and a brother of Umar the second Caliph.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was the son of al-Khattab ibn Nufayl, a member of the Adi clan of the Quraysh tribe in Mecca, and of Asma bint Wahb of the Asad tribe. He was older than his brother Umar. He is described as "a very tall dark man".

paragraph: He gave his brother Umar a chance to go with Quraysh's trade caravan and trade with Syria's traders and always showed kindness and love to Umar.

paragraph: He became a Muslim sometime before August 616. He joined the general emigration to Medina in 622 and was made the brother in Islam of Maan ibn Adi.

paragraph: His marriage to his cousin, Atiqa bint Zayd, was childless and ended in divorce. In Medina he married two women from the Amr clan of the Aws tribe. One was Habiba bint Abi Amir, who bore him a daughter, Asma; Habiba's niece Jamila was briefly married to Zayd's brother Umar. The other was Lubaba, a daughter of Abu Lubaba ibn Abd al-Mundhir, who was the mother of his son Abdulrahman.

paragraph: He fought at the Battle of Badr, the Battle of Uhud, the Battle of the Ditch and "all the battles with Allah's Messenger". At Uhud Umar urged Zayd to borrow his armour. Zayd put it on but then he took it off again, saying, "I want what you want for yourself."

paragraph: At the Battle of Yamama on December 632, Zayd carried the Muslims' standard. When Muslim baggage was exposed to plunder by the enemy, Zayd said, "As for the baggage, there is no baggage! As for the men, there are no men!" Then he shouted, "O Allah, I apologise for the flight of my companions! I am not guilty before Thee of what Musaylimah and Muhakkam have done!" Zayd continued to hold the standard while fighting with his sword and he did not drop it until he was killed. His killer was Abu Maryam al-Hanafi, who claimed: "Allah honoured him at my hand and did not weaken me at his hand." He was martyred seconds after his second cousins, Abdullah ibn Suhail and Abu Hudhayfa ibn 'Utba, and adopted distant relative (possibly nephew), Salim Mawla Abu Hudhayfa.

paragraph: His tomb in Uyaynah was a site of veneration until around 1740 when Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab, the founder of Wahhabism, campaigned to have it levelled.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Family tree of Umar

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sahaba

description: Sahabah

wikidata_label: Zayd ibn al-Khattab

wikipedia_title: Zayd ibn al-Khattab