text: tennis

text: 1912 Summer Olympics

text: Nicholai Felixovich Sumarokov-Elston

text: Cavalry Regiment

text: Sofia Mikhaylovna Koskul

text: Alexander Sumarokov

text: Field Marshal

text: Mikhail Kutuzov

text: Pavel Sumarokov-Elston

text: Felix Sumarokov-Elston

text: Kuban Oblast

text: Felix Yussupov

text: Grigori Rasputin

text: Alexandra

text: Dresden

text: Kurt Bergmann

text: George K. Logie

text: Bad Homburg

text: Jack Hillyard

text: Annenschule

text: St. Petersburg University

text: Red Cross

text: World War I

text: Black Sea Fleet

text: Bolsheviks

text: Russian Revolution

text: Koreiz

text: Felix Yussupov

text: White Army

text: Anton Denikin

text: Malta

text: HMS Marlborough

text: Empress Maria Feodorovna

text: Rome

text: Nice

text: Irving Wright

text: Wiesbaden

text: St. Petersburg

text: Sweden

text: 1912 Summer Olympics

text: Aleksandr Alenitsyn

text: 1912 Wimbledon Championships

text: Carl Setterwall

text: 1912 French Championships

text: Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna

text: Ludwig von Salm-Hoogstraeten

text: Harold Kitson

text: Einer Ulrich

text: Paris

text: World Hard Court Championships

text: André Gobert

text: Paul Aymé

text: William le Maire de Warzée d'Hermalle

text: Paul de Borman

text: Paul Aymé

text: Felix Pipes

text: Ludwig von Salm-Hoogstraeten

text: Maurice Germot

text: Max Decugis

text: Arthur Lowe

text: Charles P. Dixon

text: Davis Cup

text: First World War

text: Roderick McNair

text: Albert Prebble

text: Arthur Lowe

text: Charles P. Dixon

text: Heinrich Kleinschroth

text: Sarajevo regicide

text: World War I

text: Davis Cup

text: Maurice Germot

text: Max Decugis

text: Albert Canet

text: Édouard Mény de Marangue

text: Russian Empire

text: Alain Gerbault

text: Nice

text: Gordon Lowe

text: Giovanni Balbi de Robecco

text: Suzanne Lenglen

text: Maurice Férrier

text: Henri Cochet

text: Charles Aeschlimann

text: Lord Rocksavage

text: Elizabeth Ryan

text: Randolph Lycett

text: Elizabeth Ryan

text: George Lyttleton-Rogers

text: Rosie Berthet

text: Slazenger

text: Henri Cochet

text: Jimmy Connors

text: Guillermo Vilas

text: chess

text: Nicholas II of Russia

text: Chiswick

text: University College Hospital

text: Chiswick New Cemetery

categories: Tennis players at the 1912 Summer Olympics,Russian people of Hungarian descent,Russian male tennis players,1970 deaths,Olympic tennis players of Russia,People from Yalta,Saint Petersburg State University alumni,Year of birth uncertain,Russian people of Greek descent,Russian people of Austrian descent,White Russian emigrants to the United Kingdom,1890s births,Russian people of Romanian descent

paragraph: Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston

paragraph: Mikhail Nikolayevich Sumarokov-Elston ( ; 1893 or 18943 July 1970) was a Russian tennis player. He competed in two events at the 1912 Summer Olympics. Apart from his supremacy in the Russian national championships he was a Maltese champion and various French Riviera titleholder.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and family.

paragraph: Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston was born on in 1893 to Count Nicholai Felixovich Sumarokov-Elston reserve Lieutenant of the Cavalry Regiment and Countess Sofia Mikhaylovna Koskul. He was the great-great-great-great-grandson of poet Alexander Sumarokov and the Great Great Grandson of Field Marshal Mikhail Kutuzov. He was the nephew of tennis player Count Pavel Sumarokov-Elston, who was his first coach and doubles partner, grandson of Count-General Felix Sumarokov-Elston, Governor of Kuban Oblast, and cousin of the infamous Prince Felix Yussupov, who later became known as one of the collaborators who conspired to kill Grigori Rasputin, cult leader and mentor of Empress consort of Russia Alexandra. Felix provided his own palace for the murder spot and also shot Rasputin once before murdering him with the help of his accomplices. Mikhail had a sister called Elena and a brother Nicholas. At the age of twelve he had a surgery on his right hand, which as a result was rendered unsuitable for tennis and he later switched to left-hand play. First he moved to Dresden and was trained by Kurt Bergmann and George K. Logie. In 1906 he entered the second-class tournament of the Bad Homburg Championships, where he defeated Jack Hillyard amongst many to claim his first title. With this he set a record of being the youngest winner ever at the time in the history of the tournament. In 1908 his father and brother died within two weeks of each other. He moved back to his homeland and graduated first at the Annenschule then at the Law Faculty of the St. Petersburg University.

paragraph: He volunteered for the Russian Red Cross motorized ambulance unit at the outbreak of World War I, and was assigned to the Black Sea Fleet. Her mother died on 3 April 1915. He was invalided out of the military service on 26 November 1916 and travelled home to St. Petersburg. Mikhail was arrested for a couple of days by the Bolsheviks, but released because of disagreement among the people who detained him. The family permanently emigrated from Russia in the midst of the Russian Revolution, which emerged from the social fallback of the World War. First they fled to Koreiz where they were joined by fugitive Felix Yussupov who had been freed from his house arrest due to his involvement in the Rasputin murder. They agreed to join the White Army, but General Anton Denikin refused the request because the princes had ties to the Imperial dynasty.

paragraph: They sailed to Malta on 13 April 1919 aboard the British battleship HMS Marlborough, which also transported several other Russian nobility exiles including Empress Maria Feodorovna. From there they moved to Rome. In 1920 he further moved to Nice, where he lived for 17 more years.

paragraph: Section::::Tennis career.

paragraph: Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston was an eight-time national tennis champion, and also a two-time national indoors champion. He was successful in singles five consecutive times between 1910–14, two more time in mixed doubles and also a doubles champion. He is still the youngest All-Russia champion to date with his 14 years of age at the time of his first triump. He won his first indoor trophy in 1911 in St. Petersburg. On international level his first main tournament was the 1905 Bad Homburg Cup (of which he won the second-class edition) but lost in the second round to Irving Wright. The next year at the Wiesbaden Championships, where he – still an adolescent – was forced to withdraw from the second round after beating Herr von Parpart in the kick-off round. He played in several other tournaments throughout Germany, France and Switzerland before returning to Russia. There he won city tournaments in Moscow and St. Petersburg. Altogether he was crowned two-time St. Petersburg champion in 1912 and 1914 and two-time Moscow champion in 1910 counting the singles and doubles.

paragraph: Only a week after his first St. Petersburg title Sumarokov traveled to Sweden to participate in the 1912 Summer Olympics with veteran player Aleksandr Alenitsyn. That tournament was also his only preparation for the games as he had to pass his high school diploma exams prior. The Olympic draw suffered a setback on expected entries of well-known players due to scheduling conflicts with the 1912 Wimbledon Championships. Even Alenitsyn withdrew from the singles outdoor event before its start. The first match against the Swedish champion Carl Setterwall saw an easy two set lead for Sumarokov the third was taken by Sweden after a twenty-game tie and the fourth last set was secured by Russia. In the next round 1912 French Championships finalist Oscar Kreuzer waited for his opponent. The match, which was witnessed by Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna had a back-and-forth fight so fierce that Sumarokov torn the strings of his racquet and had to change it but that could't save him from losing to the German in four sets. He found consolation in the doubles tournament where he and Alenitsyn reached the quarterfinals.

paragraph: The first Russian Championships opened for foreign player registration were held for the first time in 1912. Among the non-Russian entrants were Ludwig von Salm-Hoogstraeten, Harold Kitson and Einer Ulrich. The first of these big tests came in the semifinals against Count Salm. The Austrian lost in straight sets only showing resistance in the second. The final match should have been a showdown between Kitson and Sumarokov but lasted short. After Sumarokov scored the first set 6:3 Kitson got frustrated, complained to the chair umpire, grabbed his towel and left the court citing a right hand injury, which resulted in a walkover home victory. He became the undisputed champion after winning the doubles and mixed doubles as well with Count Salm and Ekaterina Hirschfeld respectively.

paragraph: 1913 started the same way as the year before, Mikhail had to pass his University exams so he had few chances to practise before setting out to Paris for the World Hard Court Championships. There he advanced through the first round beating E. Chelli. In the second round he was drawn to face young French prodigy and reigning Olympic champion André Gobert. It was a quick defeat as Sumarokov couldn't adapt to the fast-paced net-volley game of Gobert. He was also eliminated from the doubles contest in the very first round mostly due to his partner Paul Aymé's leg injury, which he suffered the previous night and kept them handicapped the whole match. Oddly it is thanks to these early exits that he was eligible for the consolation tournament, which was organized for the losers of the first two rounds. There he played his first match against one-half of his recent doubles opponents William le Maire de Warzée d'Hermalle (who had a 6-1 head-to-head record against fellow Belgian Champion Paul de Borman at the time). This proved to be a tough warm-up for the later matches and it went two sets six-all before Elston broke through. His former doubles partner Paul Aymé resigned from the quarterfinal for unknown reasons and gave him a walkover. In the semifinal came a pleasant surprise as the defending consolation title-holder Felix Pipes lost to him in two fast sets. The final was a rematch from the Russian Championships with Ludwig von Salm-Hoogstraeten. The day was struck with extreme heat so intense that it was dangerous to health. After a four set deuce the two finalists agreed to leave the decision to the drawing of lots and finish the match. The luck favored Salm and therefore he was announced the winner. The Cup was awarded to him but as soon as the chairman of the International Lawn Tennis Federation Henry Wallet realized that the winner's name was traditionally engraved onto the cup he reversed his decision and divided the prizes.

paragraph: Two weeks later Sumarokov was schedules to retain his title at the second annual Russian International Championships. It had a star-loaded 136-competitor field with Frenchmen Maurice Germot, Max Decugis and British Arthur Lowe and Charles P. Dixon all were present. In the first semifinal Sumarokov encountered Germot and overcame him in three straight sets while in the other all-English semifinal Dixon triumphed over Lowe. The final showed that the Russian player could stand the ground against world top ten challengers as well. From a two-one set disadvantage he closed the match with a two love-sets and kept his title after 2 hours 54 minutes battle. He then lost to Dixon in the first round of the doubles but beat him again for the mixed doubles title.

paragraph: Although never played in the Davis Cup he represented Russia in the international matches against Great Britain and France in the last two consecutive years preceding the First World War. First in 1913 against the England team of Roderick McNair, Albert Prebble, Arthur Lowe and Charles P. Dixon. The two tennis federation agreed in a 12-match tie with 8 singles and 4 doubles rubbers. Sumarokov was still exhausted from his recent Russian Championships final with Dixon and thus lost easily to Lowe and decided to step back from further participation and had to be replaced with inexperienced players. As a consequence the Russian team lost. This marked the first time that an official national tennis team was formed.

paragraph: In the 1914 Russian Championships he became a five-time champion after defeating Heinrich Kleinschroth in a five-set final. Curiosity of the Russian-German meeting was that the Sarajevo regicide happened during the tournament (which later escalated into World War I) and Russia had sent an envoy to France to strengthen a possible alliance against the German Empire. Just two weeks later the first Russia-France team match was held. It was agreed to follow Davis Cup rules and the French delegation was an all-Olympian squad of Maurice Germot, Max Decugis, Albert Canet, Édouard Mény de Marangue The team challenge was interrupted in the middle with the outbreak of World War I and the visitors only managed to get onto the last train home before Germany declared war on the Russian Empire on 19 July.

paragraph: After the war he won the Malta Championships in 1919. The following year he clinched his first French title at the South of France Championships beating home favorite Alain Gerbault in a five-set final. The next year in Nice he was eliminated in the semifinal stage by Gordon Lowe. However he did defend his South of France title by beating Giovanni Balbi de Robecco by only dropping two games. This was the first time he partnered Suzanne Lenglen for the mixed contest, which they won. In 1922 he was triumphant in Nice] as well, grabbing the singles trophy easily against Maurice Férrier. He took the doubles as well with Gerbault. He defended the South of France title for the second time against legendary Henri Cochet having had beaten Charles Aeschlimann on his way to the final. At the same tournament he also repeated his last year feat with Lenglen by overcoming Lord Rocksavage and Elizabeth Ryan in the mixed final. He almost celebrated his first triple crown trophy with his teammate Gerbault but fell short in the doubles final against Rocksavage-Cochet. It is worth to note that it was the first time Sumarokov played on grass courts. In 1923 the team of Sumarokov-Lenglen dropped the same title to Randolph Lycett and Elizabeth Ryan. In 1931 at the Parc Imperial L.T.C. de Nice George Lyttleton-Rogers and his partner Rosie Berthet had an overwhelming victory over Sumarokov-Elston and Miss. J. Franks in the mixed final . The same year he was also mixed doubles runner-up in two other tournaments at the New Court Lawn Tennis Club and Cannes Lawn Tennis Club losing both times. He reached the semifinals of the doubles and mixed in the Nice Tennis Club tournament. He won the Russian Émigré Tennis Championships three consecutive times beginning from 1935. He turned professional in 1936.

paragraph: Section::::Tennis career.:Playing style and equipment.

paragraph: He played left-handed with a heavy topspin, after he had to give up his right-handed style due to a childhood injury.

paragraph: His left-hand serve was so rare that he gave exhibition matches in Germany to Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia and Grand Duke George Mikhailovich of Russia. According to his contemporary coach Alexandr Stakhovich he was a baseline player with a formidable backhand. Sumarokov played with Doherty, Slazenger and Driva racquets. In 1911 he changed to Maxim racquets. The manufacturer even released an autographed series of racquets with "Sumarokov" written on it with golden embossed letters. Later he adjusted his game to putting a curl to the ball as well as hitting it hard and with a high trajectory as described by Henri Cochet in his book "Tennis". He is thought to be the first who used this method, which became popular decades later, and being used by many players most notably Jimmy Connors and Guillermo Vilas.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston was well educated and at the age of thirteen he already spoke five languages. Apart from playing tennis he was an amateur chess player as well. He was in a great relationship with Tsar Nicholas II of Russia and played tennis with a couple of times. In 1913 he was elected an honorary member of the Stade Français in Paris. He married Natalia Nikolaevna Bellik in 1932. The next year she gave birth to their daughter Sofia. They moved to London in 1937, where led the Anglo-Russian Sports Club in Chiswick. Died in the University College Hospital in 1970 and was buried in the Chiswick New Cemetery. In 2002 he was inducted to the Russian Tennis Hall of Fame for his sport merits.

paragraph: Section::::Notes.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sources differ regarding his birth date. However his grave shows .

paragraph: BULLET::::- According to the newest researches the house of Kutuzov is not related to the House of Sumarokov by blood but only by adoption.

description: Russian tennis player

wikidata_label: Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston

wikipedia_title: Mikhail Sumarokov-Elston


text:
Shinano Province
Nanpo Jōmyō
Shūhō Myōchō
Mino Province
Ibuki Mountains
Emperor Hanazono

categories: Japanese Buddhist monks,1360 deaths,1277 births,Rinzai Buddhists

paragraph: Kanzan Egen

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Kanzan Egen was born in Shinano Province on January 7, 1277. He initially studied Rinzai Zen Buddhism under Nanpo Jōmyō, who received dharma-transmission from China and later under Nanpo Jōmyō's student, Shūhō Myōchō. After Shūhō Myōchō confirmed Kanzan Egen's enlightenment, Kanzan went to Mino Province and dwelt in the Ibuki Mountains for intensive training.

paragraph: During this time, Emperor Hanazono recalled Kanzan to the capitol to help found a new temple which became Myōshin-ji Temple.

description: Japanese Buddhist monk

wikidata_label: Kanzan Egen

wikipedia_title: Kanzan Egen


text:
Digambara
Jainism
Śvētāmbara
"Acharya" Sthulabhadra
sangha
Chandragupta Maurya
Pundravardhana
Bangladesh
Brahmin
Mauryas
Ujjain
Śvētāmbara
Digambara
Chandragupta Maurya
Maurya Empire
South India
Digambara monk
Sallekhana
Kalpa Sūtra
Sangha
Radha Kumud Mookerji

categories: 4th-century BC Jain monks,5th-century BC Jain monks,Bengali writers,Digambara Acharyas,5th-century BC Indian monks,430s BC births,Indian Jain monks,5th-century BC Indian Jains,Ancient Indian writers,5th-century BC Indian writers,350s BC deaths,4th-century BC Indian monks,4th-century BC Indian Jains

paragraph: Bhadrabahu

paragraph: Ācharya Bhadrabahu (c. 367 - c. 298 BCE) was, according to the "Digambara" sect of Jainism, the last "Shruta Kevalin" (all knowing by hearsay, that is indirectly) in Jainism but "Śvētāmbara", believes the last "Shruta Kevalin" was "Acharya" Sthulabhadra, but was forbade by Bhadrabahu from disclosing it. He was the last "acharya" of the undivided Jain "sangha". He was the last spiritual teacher of Chandragupta Maurya.

paragraph: According to the "Digambara" sect of Jainism, there were five "Shruta Kevalins" in Jainism - Govarddhana Mahamuni, Vishnu, Nandimitra, Aparajita and Bhadrabahu.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Bhadrabahu was born in Pundravardhana (now in Bangladesh) to a Brahmin family during which time the secondary capital of the Mauryas was Ujjain. When he was seven, Govarddhana Mahamuni predicted that he will be the last "Shruta Kevali" and took him along for his initial education. He was then initiated as a Jain Muni and by practicing "gyan" (wisdom), "dhyan" (meditation), "tap" (austerities) and "sanyam" (equanimity) attainted the status of Acharya.

paragraph: According to "Śvētāmbara" tradition, he lived from 433 BCE to 357 BCE. "Digambara" tradition dates him to have died in 365 BC.

paragraph: Section::::Ascetic life.

paragraph: On the night of full moon in the month of "Kartik", Chandragupta Maurya (founder and ruler of Maurya Empire) saw sixteen dreams, which were then explained to him by "Acharya" Bhadrabahu.

paragraph: Bhadrabahu was in Nepal for a 12-year penitential vow when the Pataliputra conference took place in 300 BCE to put together the Jain canon anew. Bhadrabahu decided the famine would make it harder for monks to survive and migrated with a group of twelve thousand disciples to South India, bringing with him Chandragupta, turned Digambara monk.

paragraph: According to the inscriptions at Shravanabelgola, Bhadrabahu died after taking the vow of Sallekhana.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: According to Svetambaras, Bhadrabahu was the author of "Kalpa Sūtra", four Chedda sutras, commentaries on ten scriptures, "Bhadrabahu Samhita" and "Vasudevcharita".

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Bhadrabahu was the last acharya of the undivided Jain sangha. After him, the "Sangha" split into two separate teacher-student lineages of monks. "Digambara" monks belong to the lineage of "Acharya" Vishakha and "Svetambara" monks follow the tradition of Acharya Sthulibhadra.

paragraph: Regarding the inscriptions describing the relation of Bhadrabahu and Chandragupta Maurya, Radha Kumud Mookerji writes,

paragraph: "Bhadrabahu-charitra" was written by Ratnanandi of about 1450 CE.

description: Indian Jain monk

wikidata_label: Bhadrabahu

wikipedia_title: Bhadrabahu


text: KT

text: KBE

text: MC

text: TD

text: Chief Scout

text: British Commonwealth and Empire

text: Governor of Tasmania

text: Archibald Corbett

text: Chelsea, London

text: Westgate-on-Sea

text: Eton College

text: First World War

text: Ayrshire Yeomanry

text: Gallipoli

text: Second Battle of Gaza

text: Grenadier Guards

text: Western Front

text: Mercatel

text: Operation Michael

text: Boyelles

text: Military Cross

text: Jo Grimond

text: Liberal Party

text: St Andrews

text: Fife

text: bovine tuberculosis

text: Ayrshire Scouts

text: Adjutant

text: Ayrshire Yeomanry

text: Territorial Army

text: Royal Scots Fusiliers

text: British Expeditionary Force

text: Cherbourg

text: Operation Ariel

text: Scout Movement

text: Glenfeshie

text: Poolewe

text: Royal Military Academy Sandhurst

text: Lord Somers

text: Chief Scout

text: Dependant Territories

text: British Commonwealth and Empire

text: World Scout Committee

text: post-war

text: Belgium

text: Canada

text: Gambia

text: Sierra Leone

text: Gold Coast

text: Nigeria

text: Jamboree

text: United States of America

text: Australia

text: New Zealand

text: Union of South Africa

text: Northern Rhodesia

text: Southern Rhodesia

text: Nyasaland

text: Kenya

text: Zanzibar

text: Tanganyika

text: Uganda

text: Antigua

text: Bahamas

text: Barbados

text: Bermuda

text: British Guiana

text: British Honduras

text: Dominica

text: Grenada

text: Jamaica

text: Saint Lucia

text: Saint Kitts

text: Saint Vincent

text: Trinidad

text: Suez Canal Zone

text: Cyprus

text: Gibraltar

text: Malta

text: Greece

text: Italy

text: Scandinavia

text: Borneo

text: Brunei

text: Ceylon

text: Hong Kong

text: Malaya

text: Sarawak

text: Singapore

text: Papua New Guinea

text: Fiji

text: Tonga

text: Solomon Islands

text: Silver Buffalo Award

text: Boy Scouts of America

text: Freedom

text: Edinburgh

text: Order of the Thistle

text: Bronze Wolf

text: World Scout Committee

text: Scouting

text: Britannia Class Locomotive

text: Riddells Creek

text: Victoria

text: Wrexham

text: Wales

text: Kenya Scouts Association

text: Nairobi

text: National Bank of Scotland

text: Governor of Tasmania

text: Labor Party

text: Tasmania

text: Rowallan Power Station

text: Jersey cattle

text: Sea Scout

text: Rowallan Castle

text: Kilmarnock

categories: People educated at Eton College,Recipients of the Military Cross,People educated at Gibbs School,The Scout Association,Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire,1895 births,Governors of Tasmania,British Army personnel of World War I,Recipients of the Bronze Wolf Award,World Scout Committee members,Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom,Grenadier Guards officers,1977 deaths,Knights of the Thistle,British Army personnel of World War II

paragraph: Thomas Corbett, 2nd Baron Rowallan

paragraph: Thomas Godfrey Polson Corbett, 2nd Baron Rowallan, KT, KBE, MC, TD (19 December 1895 – 30 November 1977) had a distinguished military career, and was Chief Scout of the British Commonwealth and Empire and Governor of Tasmania.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: The first son of Archibald Corbett, the liberal politician and property developer and Alice Mary, the daughter of John Polson, a corn merchant, Thomas Corbett was born in Chelsea, London, on 19 December 1895 and was brought up in London and on the family’s Scottish estates. Known as "Billy" to the family, he was educated at Gibbs School in Sloane Street, London, Wellington House Preparatory School in Westgate-on-Sea and Eton College.

paragraph: Section::::First World War.

paragraph: Thomas Corbett was 18 when the First World War broke out; he secured a Commission in the Ayrshire Yeomanry and went with them to Gallipoli in October 1915. The Ayrshires were amongst the last troops to be evacuated and went from there to Egypt, forming part of the cavalry reserve in the Second Battle of Gaza. He then transferred to the Grenadier Guards; after re-training he was sent to the Western Front in March 1918, joining the 1st Battalion at Mercatel as a Lieutenant. This coincided with the German Spring Offensive (Operation Michael), and the battalion was soon in action. At Boyelles on 30 March 1918, Corbett attempted to dig out some wounded soldiers who had been buried by artillery, while "under heavy fire and in full view of the enemy" and was awarded the Military Cross but received a leg wound which left him with a permanent disability.

paragraph: Section::::Family life.

paragraph: He married Gwyn Mervyn Grimond on 14 August 1918. She was the sister of Jo Grimond, Baron Grimond, the leader of the Liberal Party 1956–67 and daughter of Joseph Bowman Grimond of St Andrews, Fife. He had met her while on leave; they had five sons (one of whom was killed in action in 1944) and a daughter. On leaving the army he became a successful breeder of pedigree dairy cattle on the family estate in Ayrshire and campaigned for the eradication of bovine tuberculosis. He succeeded as the 2nd Baron Rowallan on 19 March 1933. Rowallan became district commissioner for north-west Ayrshire Scouts in 1922 and also served as Adjutant of the Ayrshire Yeomanry.

paragraph: Section::::Second World War.

paragraph: In 1939, he raised a new Territorial Army battalion of the Royal Scots Fusiliers whom he accompanied to France as part of the British Expeditionary Force in 1939. Evacuated from Cherbourg during Operation Ariel, he was then given command of a Young Soldiers’ Battalion in the Scottish Highlands; the adventurous training he initiated was based in part on his long association with the Scout Movement. His success earned him the position of Commandant at the new Highland Fieldcraft Training Centre in Glenfeshie and Poolewe, which had been established to provide leadership experience to junior officers. A measure of his influence is that a "Rowallan Company" was formed at Royal Military Academy Sandhurst in 1977 using his methods to improve the performance of Officer Cadets.

paragraph: Section::::Chief Scout.

paragraph: In 1944, Rowallan accepted the position of Scottish Headquarters Commissioner for leader training. The death of Lord Somers in 1945 coincided with Rowallan's demobilization from the Army and he accepted the invitation to become the Chief Scout of the United Kingdom and Dependant Territories in February of that year and was elected Chief Scout of the British Commonwealth and Empire in April, appointments that he retained until 1959. Rowallan served on the World Scout Committee of the World Organization of the Scout Movement from 1947 until 1953.

paragraph: Section::::Chief Scout.:Overseas tours.

paragraph: As Chief Scout, Rowallan travelled widely in the Commonwealth and other countries, encouraging the post-war growth of local Scouting; his tours included:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Belgium (April 1945)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Canada (August - September 1946)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gambia, Sierra Leone, Gold Coast and Nigeria including the West African Jamboree (January - March 1947)

paragraph: BULLET::::- United States of America (May 1948)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Australia and New Zealand (1948–49)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Union of South Africa, Northern Rhodesia, Southern Rhodesia and Nyasaland (January - March 1950)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kenya, Zanzibar, Tanganyika and Uganda (October - December 1950)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Antigua, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British Guiana, British Honduras, Dominica, Grenada, Jamaica, Saint Lucia, Saint Kitts, Saint Vincent and Trinidad (January - April 1952)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Suez Canal Zone, Cyprus, Gibraltar, Malta, Greece and Italy (May - June 1954)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Scandinavia (July 1954)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Borneo, Brunei, Ceylon, Hong Kong, Malaya, Sarawak and Singapore (September - October 1954)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Australia including the Pan-Pacific Jamboree, Papua New Guinea, Fiji, Tonga and the Solomon Islands (December 1955 - February 1956)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Canada (September - October 1958)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Southern Rhodesia including the Central African Jamboree (May 1959)

paragraph: Section::::Chief Scout.:Honours and commemorations.

paragraph: Rowallan was awarded the Silver Buffalo Award, the highest award of the Boy Scouts of America in 1948. He received the Freedom of the City of Edinburgh in March 1957 and was appointed a Knight of the Order of the Thistle in March of that year. Also in 1957, he received the Bronze Wolf, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world Scouting. In 1954, a Britannia Class Locomotive (No. 70045) was named in his honour. Scout camp sites in Riddells Creek in Victoria, and Wrexham in Wales are named after him; as is the Kenya Scouts Association Headquarters Campsite in Nairobi.

paragraph: Section::::Governor of the National Bank of Scotland.

paragraph: From 1947 until 1953 Rowallan was a Governor of the National Bank of Scotland.

paragraph: Section::::Governor of Tasmania.

paragraph: Lord Rowallan became Governor of Tasmania on 21 October 1959, despite the Labor Party having resolved that the next governor of Tasmania should be an Australian. He did much to promote Tasmania and to protect its interests and sovereignty. Rowallan Power Station and its associated dam and lake are named after him. In his spare time, he built up a herd of Jersey cattle at Government House and sailed a yacht which he later gave to the local Sea Scouts. In 1961 Rowallan was diagnosed as suffering from cancer of the palate, for which he was treated in London. His term of office ended on 25 March 1963 and he retired to his family estate in Scotland. He completed his autobiography, ""Rowallan"", in his eightieth year.

paragraph: He died at Rowallan Castle near Kilmarnock on 30 November 1977. He was survived by his daughter and four of his five sons; his other son, John, had been killed in action in 1944.

alias:
Thomas Corbett
2nd Baron Rowallan

description: British Baron and scout leader

wikidata_label: Thomas Corbett, 2nd Baron Rowallan

wikipedia_title: Thomas Corbett, 2nd Baron Rowallan


text: Auckland

text: New Zealand

text: London

text: Remuera

text: Sacred Heart College, Auckland

text: University of Auckland

text: Jesuits

text: Holy Name Seminary

text: Christchurch

text: Vincentians

text: Holy Cross College, Mosgiel

text: Mangere East

text: marae

text: Te Unga Waka Marae

text: Epsom

text: Takapuna

text: Pakuranga

text: Northcote

text: Denis Browne

text: episcopate

text: Hamilton

text: St Patrick's Cathedral, Auckland

text: Roman Missal

text: Congregation for Divine Worship

text: James Martin

text: Holy Cross Seminary

text: Good Shepherd College

text: Catholic Church in New Zealand

categories: People educated at Sacred Heart College, Auckland,1950 births,University of Auckland alumni,New Zealand Roman Catholic bishops,New Zealand religious leaders,New Zealand people of Irish descent,Holy Name Seminary alumni,Living people,People from the Auckland Region

paragraph: Patrick Dunn (bishop)

paragraph: Patrick James Dunn (born 5 February 1950) is a Catholic prelate. He has been Bishop of Auckland, New Zealand, since 1994.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Dunn was born in London and is the eldest son of the late H. P. ("Pat") Dunn, a prominent Auckland obstetrician. He was educated at St Michael's School, Remuera, Sacred Heart College, Auckland, from 1961 to 1967, and the University of Auckland in 1968. He studied for the Catholic priesthood under the Jesuits at Holy Name Seminary, Christchurch from 1969 to 1970, and under the Vincentians at Holy Cross College, Mosgiel from 1971 to 1976. Beginning in 1988 he studied for a master's degree in theology from the Melbourne College of Divinity, which resulted in the publication oh his study: "Priesthood : a re-examination of the Roman Catholic theology of the presbyterate".

paragraph: Section::::Ordinations.

paragraph: Dunn was ordained a priest at St Michael's Church in Remuera on 24 April 1976. He then carried out pastoral work with Maori in Mangere East and lived at the Auckland Catholic marae Te Unga Waka Marae in Epsom. Later, he served in the Auckland suburbs of Takapuna, Pakuranga and Northcote. In 1986 and 1987 he was Director of Vocations for the Diocese of Auckland. In 1992 he was appointed pastoral assistant to the Bishop of Auckland Denis Browne.

paragraph: Section::::Bishop.

paragraph: On 24 July 1994, Dunn was ordained to the episcopate as an auxiliary bishop of Auckland.

paragraph: On 24 December 1994 he was appointed Bishop of Auckland to succeed Browne who had been named Bishop of Hamilton. Dunn was installed as Bishop of Auckland in St Patrick's Cathedral, Auckland, on 29 March 1995.

paragraph: In 2015, Dunn expressed dissatisfaction with the English version of the Mass in use since November 2011. Dunn had served as New Zealand's representative on the International Commission on English in the Liturgy (ICEL), which had produced a translation of the "Roman Missal" in 1998 after 17 years of effort. The Congregation for Divine Worship had rejected that translation, formed its own committee, and produced the translation now in use. Dunn wrote that it was "too often unclear and sometimes verging on the unintelligible", "an accurate English translation of the Latin, but not a clear and beautiful vernacular text". He proposed a new translation be undertaken and has suggested that all the English-speaking bishops' conferences agree to pursue this in concert. New Zealand's bishops first endorsed instead efforts to establish different guidelines for translation rather than a new translation, and in 2017 welcomed Pope Francis' establishment of a commission to review the standards followed in rejecting the 1998 translation. Dunn said the idea was to avoid rules that "impose Latin syntax on contemporary English".

paragraph: In September 2017, Dunn authored an essay in "NZ Catholic" on the relationship of the Church to LGBT Catholics. He said that communication comes before judgment and instruction: "For Jesus it was most often friendship first, and conversion second. We all listen most intently to those we love and those whose company we enjoy." He recommended the work of Jesuit James Martin as a guide, advocating its inclusive language and sensitivity. He wrote that an attitude of respect requires the Church to call people by the terms they prefer rather than "homosexual" and called the Vatican's use of the phrase "objectively disordered" "needlessly cruel".

paragraph: In 2018, Dunn is the secretary of the New Zealand Catholic Bishops Conference and the episcopal deputy for Holy Cross Seminary and Good Shepherd College.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church in New Zealand

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bishop Patrick James Dunn", Catholic Hierarchy website

description: Roman Catholic bishop

wikidata_label: Patrick James Dunn

wikipedia_title: Patrick Dunn (bishop)


text:
Cassel
Charles Christian Nahl
Hugo Wilhelm Arthur Nahl
Gold Rush
South Seas
South Carolina
photozincography
tuberculosis
Cassel
lady-in-waiting
Hesse-Kassel
Kunstakademie Cassel
Frederick Mueller
Carl Christian Nahl
the Louvre
Léon Cogniet
Brooklyn
American Art-Union
California Gold Rush
Argonauts
Havana, Cuba
Chagres, Panama
Isthmus of Panama
San Francisco
Yuba River
Sierras
Rough and Ready
Deer Creek
salted
daguerreotype
A. D. O. Browere
Sacramento
Placer Times
sluice box
The Sacramento Union
Alonzo Delano
South Seas
Philadelphia
ambrotype
Harper's Weekly
John Henry Brown
miniaturist
color wash
tuberculosis
Frederick August Wenderoth
Frederick August Wenderoth
Frederick August Wenderoth

categories: German male painters,American male painters,1884 deaths,1819 births,19th-century German painters,19th-century American painters

paragraph: Frederick August Wenderoth

paragraph: Frederick August Wenderoth or F. A. Wenderoth (1819 – 1884) was a German-born American painter and photographer. Born and educated in Cassel, where he first learned to paint from his father, he established a lifelong friendship with Charles Christian Nahl at school. During a period of political upheaval he left Germany for Paris where his was joined by Nahl and his half-brother Hugo Wilhelm Arthur Nahl.They then moved to the US, living first in New York, before traveling by sea to California to join the Gold Rush.

paragraph: Unsuccessful as miners, Wenderoth and Nahl opened art studios, first in Sacramento and later in San Francisco, collaborating as painters, engravers and photographers. After a trip to South Seas and Australia, Wenderoth married and moved to Philadelphia, where he established a photography studio. In the late 1850s he worked for a period in South Carolina, going into partnership with Jesse Bolles. There, and later when he returned to Philadelphia, he innovated a number of photographic techniques, such as the ivory-type and photozincography. Wenderoth died in 1884 of tuberculosis.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Frederick August Wenderoth was born in 1819, in Cassel, Germany, to Carl Wenderoth, a painter; his mother was a lady-in-waiting at the Hesse-Kassel court. As a child his father gave him painting lessons, before he went on to study at the Kunstakademie Cassel with Frederick Mueller. At the academy he met Carl Christian Nahl, who became his lifelong friend. At 18, Wenderoth gave art lessons to the young women at court. In 1845, during a period of political upheaval, he left Germany for Paris, and from there traveled to Algeria. Upon his return to Paris, he was joined by Nahl and his family, with the two friends exploring the Louvre and other art museums, and Wenderoth took the opportunity to study with Léon Cogniet. In 1849, with the Nahl family, Wenderoth left Paris for the United States, settling in Brooklyn, where, between 1849 and 1850, he sold nine paintings at the American Art-Union exhibitions.

paragraph: Section::::California gold rush.

paragraph: In 1851, Wenderoth and the Nahl family joined the California Gold Rush. The sea-route to the west coast goldfields was considered far easier than the arduous 2,000 mile-long overland route, with its dangers of illness, thirst, and Indian attacks. Those who chose to travel from the eastern United States west by sea were dubbed Argonauts. Wenderoth and the Nahls left New York in March, traveled by boat to Havana, Cuba, then on to Chagres, Panama. They crossed the Isthmus of Panama by foot, and from there took a boat to San Francisco, arriving there in May.

paragraph: Most argonauts stayed in San Francisco to make plans, gather supplies, and recuperate from the voyage. Wenderoth and Nahls, however left the city the next day, inland to the gold fields on the Yuba River in the Sierras. Arriving in Rough and Ready, the two friends, with Nahls' half-brother Arthur, staked a claim along the banks of Deer Creek, which they quickly found had been salted. Instead of mining, they sketched the miners in the foothills, and Wenderoth may have taken daguerreotype photographs of miners at this time. Their experience in the mining camps is captured on two stone lithographs, signed by both artists. One shows the interior of a miners cabin at night, the second shows a miner prospecting. They are significant because they inspired two later paintings: Nahls' 1856 "Saturday Night in the Mines", (painted with his brother), and A. D. O. Browere's 1853 "The Lone Prospector".

paragraph: By the end of 1851 they had moved to and set up a studio in Sacramento, on Fourth Street, where among other items, they sold paintings depicting the gold rush. The "Placer Times" wrote of them in January 1852: "An opportunity if now offered the citizens of Sacramento to gratify their taste for this exalted branch of the fine arts ... of early times in California". The piece mentions that the two took photographs, however, that has not been definitely established. They most likely did paint miniature portraits, perhaps based on daguerreotypes.

paragraph: Probably at this time they painted the well-known "Miners in the Sierra". The large-scale work (54 1/4 x 66 7/8 in. [137.7 x 169.8 cm]) shows miners working in collaboration against a background landscape. The mining genre painting shows four miners working together in a high mountain canyon, using a sluice box to extract gold from the river bed. Anthony Kirk, of the California Historical Society, writes that the painting is "powerful and authentic, wonderfully suggestive of the colossal labor necessary to wrest riches from the earth." Additionally, Wenderoth and Nahl made engravings for the "Placer Times" and "The Sacramento Union".

paragraph: Section::::Photographer and miniaturist.

paragraph: When the Great Fire of Sacramento destroyed the city, their work was burned, and they returned to San Francisco. They established a studio there and quickly gained a reputation. In 1853, Alonzo Delano commissioned illustrations for his "Pen Knife Sketches" from Wenderoth and Nahl, and a year later they were advertising themselves as daguerreotypists. Additionally Wenderoth worked on miniature portraits at this time, most likely from daguerreotypes images. These were painted on "wafer-thin ivory" in watercolors, such as his 1854 "Portrait of a Man".

paragraph: Between 1852 and 1853, Wenderoth traveled to the South Seas and on to Australia. On his return, in 1856 he married Nahl's half-sister, Laura. The newly married couple returned to Philadelphia where they meant to settle. However, shortly afterward Laura died during childbirth, along with her infant.

paragraph: In 1857 Wenderoth was living in Charleston, South Carolina, where he went into business with Jesse H. Bolles for about a year. During this period he seems to have perfected color stereoscopic ambrotypes and ivory types. Ivory types consist of placing a photograph and a painting "of the same subject over each other into a kind of sandwich that is then sealed together with beeswax."

paragraph: In 1858 he returned to Philadelphia. There Wenderoth worked for "Harper's Weekly", producing illustrations and photographs, and established a business on Chestnut Street, with partner William Curtis Taylor. They were joined by John Henry Brown, a well-known miniaturist. The firm specialized in coloring photographs, which, though growing in popularity, were considered inferior because of the lack of color. Wenderoth and his colleagues created photographic colorization techniques called "Ivorytypes", "Opalotypes" and the "New Crayon" in which color washes made a photographic portrait appear more like a painting, and thus more marketable.

paragraph: In 1884 Wenderoth died in Philadelphia of tuberculosis.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Frederick August Wenderoth askart.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Frederick August Wenderoth blouinartinfo.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Frederick August Wenderoth web.artprice.com

alias:
August Wenderoth
Friedrich August Wenderoth
august wenderoth
Frederick A. Wenderoth

description: German-American artist

wikidata_label: Frederick August Wenderoth

wikipedia_title: Frederick August Wenderoth


text: Roman Catholic Diocese of Vellore

text: Tamil Nadu

text: District of Chingleput

text: Archdiocese of Madras–Mylapore

text: District of North Arcot

text: Archdiocese of Pondicherry-Cuddalore

text: Catholic Relief Services

text: civil district of Chittoor

paragraph: Royappan Antony Muthu

paragraph: Rayappan Antony Muthu (1912–1980) was the third Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Vellore in Tamil Nadu, India from 1971 up to his death. He undertook religious and social initiatives, and presided over diocesan boundary changes.

paragraph: Section::::1969 boundary change.

paragraph: In 1969, in an effort to bring the diocesan boundaries in line with civil districts, the Taluk of Tiruthani in the District of Chingleput, belonging to the Diocese of Vellore, was detached from it and added to the Archdiocese of Madras–Mylapore. In addition, the Taluks of Thiruvannamalai and Chengam in the District of North Arcot, up to then belonging to the Archdiocese of Pondicherry-Cuddalore, were detached from it and added to the Diocese of Vellore.

paragraph: Section::::Career as Bishop.

paragraph: On March 6, 1971, Muthu was nominated as the Bishop of Vellore. He was consecrated bishop on April 21, 1971. He established 24 convents in the Diocese of Vellore. He established Perpetual Adoration Monastery of Sisters of Poor Clare at Rangapuram, Sathuvachary. He also erected 17 new parishes. He also saw to the needs of the retired priests in getting a house constructed at Sathuvachary, Vellore. A Mother and Child welfare programme was organized with the help of Catholic Relief Services.

paragraph: Section::::1975 boundary change.

paragraph: During Muthu's period as Bishop, by a decision dated 20 January 1975, of the Sacred Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples, the five taluks of the civil district of Chittoor, namely Chittoor, Palmaner, Kuppam, Bangaupalam and Satyavedu belonging to the Diocese of Vellore were detached from it and added to the Diocese of Nellore, Andhra Pradesh. Muthu died on December 19, 1980.

description: Indian bishop

wikidata_label: Royappan Antony Muthu

wikipedia_title: Royappan Antony Muthu


text:
DL
secondary
special school
University of Wales
Leeds Polytechnic
University of Birmingham
Pro-vice-chancellor
Special Educational Needs
Educational Psychology
Vice-Chancellor
Oxford Brookes University
Janet Beer
University of Cumbria
Glyndŵr University
High Sheriff of Oxfordshire
Undersheriff
Bangor University
John G. Hughes
Oxford Brookes staff biography

categories: Deputy Lieutenants of Oxfordshire,Academics of the University of Birmingham,High Sheriffs of Oxfordshire,People associated with Oxford Brookes University,1944 births,Living people

paragraph: Graham Upton

paragraph: Graham Upton DL (born 30 April 1944) has been Chair of the Board of Experience Oxfordshire since July, 2013.

paragraph: Born in Birmingham, he moved to, and was educated in, Australia, where he taught in secondary and special schools before moving back to the UK in 1972. He worked in the University of Wales and Leeds Polytechnic before moving to the University of Birmingham where he was Pro-vice-chancellor and Professor of Special Educational Needs and Educational Psychology.

paragraph: In September 1997, he accepted the post of Vice-Chancellor at Oxford Brookes University, until he retired in August 2007 when he was succeeded by Professor Janet Beer.

paragraph: From 21 May 2010 until July 2011, Professor Upton was the interim acting Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cumbria. Professor Upton also served as interim Vice-Chancellor for Glyndŵr University in January 2015 until the appointment of Professor Maria Hinfelaar in April 2016.

paragraph: In June 2013, he was appointed High Sheriff of Oxfordshire, having been Undersheriff the year before. He is married to Bebe Speed, an ex-director of West Midlands Institute of Psychotherapy. They have four children and five grandchildren.

paragraph: In January 2019, Graham Upton was appointed as the interim Vice-Chancellor of Bangor University until a permanent successor is found. This is due to the early retirement of former Vice-Chancellor John G. Hughes.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oxford Brookes staff biography

description: British university vice-chancellor

wikidata_label: Graham Upton

wikipedia_title: Graham Upton


text: VC

text: MM

text: English

text: Victoria Cross

text: British

text: Commonwealth

text: British Army

text: Wolverhampton

text: corporal

text: The Royal Scots (The Lothian Regiment)

text: British Army

text: First World War

text: France

text: major

text: British Indian Army

text: World War II

text: Royal Scots Museum

text: Edinburgh Castle

text: Monuments to Courage

text: The Register of the Victoria Cross

categories: 1899 births,Royal Scots officers,British Indian Army officers,People from Wolverhampton,British Army personnel of World War I,1944 deaths,Royal Scots soldiers,British World War I recipients of the Victoria Cross,Recipients of the Military Medal,British Army recipients of the Victoria Cross,Indian Army personnel of World War II

paragraph: Roland Elcock

paragraph: Major Roland Edward Elcock VC MM (5 June 1899 – 6 October 1944) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

paragraph: Elcock was born on 5 June 1899. He initially enlisted in the British Army in October 1914 when he was 15. Being underage for army service, he was discharged when his real age was discovered. He worked as a clerk in Wolverhampton before re-enlisting at the age of 18.

paragraph: He was 19 years old, and an acting corporal in the 11th Battalion, The Royal Scots (The Lothian Regiment), British Army during the First World War, and was awarded the VC for his actions on 15 October 1918 south-east of Capelle St. Catherine, France.

paragraph: Corporal Elcock was in charge of a Lewis gun team, and entirely on his own initiative he rushed his gun up to within 10 yards of enemy guns which were causing heavy casualties and holding up the advance. He put both guns out of action, capturing five prisoners and undoubtedly saved the whole attack from being held up. Later, near the River Lys, this NCO again attacked an enemy machine-gun and captured the crew.

paragraph: He later achieved the rank of major after enlisting in the British Indian Army during World War II. He died in October 1944.

paragraph: His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Royal Scots Museum, Edinburgh Castle, Scotland.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Monuments to Courage (David Harvey, 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Register of the Victoria Cross (This England, 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- VCs of the First World War - The Final Days 1918 (Gerald Gliddon, 2000)

description: Recipient of the Victoria Cross

wikidata_label: Roland Elcock

wikipedia_title: Roland Elcock


text:
VC
Athlone
Victoria Cross
Commonwealth
private
1st Madras European Fusiliers
The Royal Dublin Fusiliers
Indian Army
Indian Mutiny
Lucknow
Dublin
Glasnevin Cemetery
National Army Museum
Chelsea
The Register of the Victoria Cross
Ireland's VCs
Monuments to Courage
Irish Winners of the Victoria Cross
Location of grave and VC medal

categories: People from Athlone,1805 births,19th-century Irish people,Indian Rebellion of 1857 recipients of the Victoria Cross,Irish recipients of the Victoria Cross,Irish soldiers in the British East India Company Army,1858 deaths,Burials at Glasnevin Cemetery

paragraph: Thomas Duffy (VC)

paragraph: Thomas Duffy VC (1806 – 24 December 1868), born in Mount Temple (Caulry), Athlone, County Westmeath, was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

paragraph: Section::::Details.

paragraph: He was approximately 51 years old, and a private in the 1st Madras European Fusiliers (later The Royal Dublin Fusiliers), Indian Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 26 September 1857 at Lucknow, India for which he was awarded the VC:

paragraph: A 24-pounder gun which had been used against the enemy on the previous day was left in an exposed position and all efforts to reach it were unsuccessful, so heavy was the fire maintained on it by the mutineers. Private Duffy, however, who went out with two others, managed to fasten a rope to the gun in such a manner that it could be pulled away and was saved from falling into the hands of the enemy. His citation reads:

paragraph: He died in Dublin on 24 December 1868 and is buried in Glasnevin Cemetery.

paragraph: His Victoria Cross is displayed at the National Army Museum in Chelsea, England.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Register of the Victoria Cross" (1981, 1988 and 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ireland's VCs" (Dept of Economic Development, 1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Monuments to Courage" (David Harvey, 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Irish Winners of the Victoria Cross" (Richard Doherty & David Truesdale, 2000)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Location of grave and VC medal "(Dublin)"

description: Recipient of the Victoria Cross

wikidata_label: Thomas Duffy

wikipedia_title: Thomas Duffy (VC)


text:
VC
British
Victoria Cross
British
Commonwealth
John Meiklejohn
Madras College
Fettes College
Captain
The Gordon Highlanders
British Army
Second Boer War
Battle of Elandslaagte
Captain
Saint Helena
major
Gordon Highlanders Museum
Brookwood Cemetery
Hyde Park Barracks, London
Monuments to Courage
The Register of the Victoria Cross
Victoria Crosses of the Anglo-Boer War
angloboerwar.com
Location of grave and VC medal
The Brookwood Cemetery Society

categories: Second Boer War recipients of the Victoria Cross,1870 births,British recipients of the Victoria Cross,British Army personnel of the Second Boer War,Burials at Brookwood Cemetery,Deaths by horse-riding accident,Accidental deaths from falls,People educated at Fettes College,People from Clapham,Gordon Highlanders officers,1913 deaths,British military personnel of the Tirah Campaign,Accidental deaths in London,British amputees,British military personnel of the Chitral Expedition

paragraph: Matthew Fontaine Maury Meiklejohn

paragraph: Major Matthew Fontaine Maury Meiklejohn VC (; 27 November 1870 – 4 July 1913) was a British recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

paragraph: Section::::Details.

paragraph: Meiklejohn was the son of Professor John Meiklejohn, of the University of St. Andrews, and was educated at Madras College and Fettes College. He was 28 years old, and a Captain in the 2nd Battalion, The Gordon Highlanders, British Army during the Second Boer War when the following deed took place at the Battle of Elandslaagte for which he was awarded the VC.

paragraph: His VC action cost him his arm which was amputated. Despite this, he remained in the army as a staff officer. He was promoted to the substantive rank of Captain of the Gordon Highlanders 22 January 1902, and was seconded as a staff officer posted at Saint Helena. He later achieved the rank of major.

paragraph: His Victoria Cross is displayed at the Gordon Highlanders Museum along with his campaign medals.

paragraph: Section::::Further information.

paragraph: His death occurred when he was riding his horse in Hyde Park and it bolted. With only one arm to control the horse, he took the choice to steer it into some cast iron railings, in order to avoid a nursemaid who was pushing a baby in her pram. This was considered to be an act of high bravery and cost him his life. He died on 4 July 1913 and was given a hero's funeral in Brookwood Cemetery. He is commemorated by a plaque on the wall of the Hyde Park Barracks, London.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Victoria Crosses of the Anglo-Boer War (Ian Uys, 2000)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- angloboerwar.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Location of grave and VC medal "(Brookwood Cemetery)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Brookwood Cemetery Society "(Known Holders of the Victoria Cross Commemorated in Brookwood Cemetery)"

description: Recipient of the Victoria Cross

wikidata_label: Matthew Fontaine Maury Meiklejohn

wikipedia_title: Matthew Fontaine Maury Meiklejohn


text:
VC
Scottish
Victoria Cross
Bengal Artillery
Bengal Army
Indian Mutiny
Relief of Lucknow
Monuments to Courage
The Register of the Victoria Cross
Scotland's Forgotten Valour
Location of grave and VC medal

categories: British recipients of the Victoria Cross,1815 births,1879 deaths,People from Glasgow,Indian Rebellion of 1857 recipients of the Victoria Cross

paragraph: Hugh McInnes

paragraph: Hugh McInnes VC (October 1815 – 7 December 1879) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross.

paragraph: Section::::Details.

paragraph: McInnes was about 42 years old, and a gunner in the Bengal Artillery, Bengal Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deeds took place at the Relief of Lucknow for which he was awarded the VC:

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Monuments to Courage (David Harvey, 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Register of the Victoria Cross (This England, 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Scotland's Forgotten Valour (Graham Ross, 1995)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Location of grave and VC medal "(Glasgow)"

description: Recipient of the Victoria Cross

wikidata_label: Hugh McInnes

wikipedia_title: Hugh McInnes


text:
VC
British Army
Irish
Victoria Cross
British
Commonwealth
Castleblayney
County Monaghan
private
The Connaught Rangers
British Army
First World War
Guillemont
France
corporal
Carrickmacross
Roman Catholic
National Army Museum
Chelsea, London
The Register of the Victoria Cross
Ireland's VCs
Monuments to Courage
Irish Winners of the Victoria Cross
Location of grave and VC medal

categories: 1885 births,1942 deaths,British Army personnel of World War I,Irish Battle of the Somme recipients of the Victoria Cross,People from County Monaghan,Connaught Rangers soldiers

paragraph: Thomas Hughes (VC)

paragraph: Thomas Hughes VC (10 November 1885 – 4 January 1942) was a British Army soldier, and Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Hughes was born 30 May 1885 in Corravoo near Castleblayney, County Monaghan.

paragraph: He was 31 years old, and a private in the 6th Battalion, The Connaught Rangers, British Army during the First World War.

paragraph: On 3 September 1916 at Guillemont, France, Private Hughes was wounded in an attack but returned at once to the firing line after having his wounds dressed. Later, seeing a hostile machine-gun, he dashed out in front of his company, shot the gunner and, single-handed, captured the gun. Though again wounded, he brought back three or four prisoners.

paragraph: He later achieved the rank of corporal. He died in Carrickmacross, County Monaghan on 8 January 1942, aged 56. He is buried in the cemetery attached to St Patrick's Roman Catholic church in Broomfield, near Castleblayney, in Co Monaghan.

paragraph: His Victoria Cross is displayed at the National Army Museum, Chelsea, London.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Listed in order of publication year

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Register of the Victoria Cross" (1981, 1988 and 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ireland's VCs" (Dept of Economic Development, 1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Monuments to Courage" (David Harvey, 1999)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Location of grave and VC medal "(Co. Monaghan, Ireland)"

description: Recipient of the Victoria Cross

wikidata_label: Thomas Hughes

wikipedia_title: Thomas Hughes (VC)


text: Wilmington

text: Delaware

text: racecar driver

text: Vietnam War

text: Holderness School

text: Princeton University

text: Southeast Asia

text: Gulf of Tonkin Incident

text: US Marine

text: privateer

text: DuPont

text: Can-Am

text: European Formula Two

text: Emerson Fittipaldi

text: Ronnie Peterson

text: Jean-Pierre Jarier

text: Mantorp Park

text: Sweden

text: Space Racing

text: March

text: Ford BDA

text: Rouen, France

text: Leonard Crossland

text: Ford of Britain

text: Lotus

text: Formula One

text: James Hunt

text: Hesketh

text: Surtees

text: March

text: Chesterfield

text: McLaren M23

text: BS Fabrications

text: Ensign

text: sports car racing

text: Guy Edwards

text: Arturo Merzario

text: Harald Ertl

text: Niki Lauda

text: 1976 German Grand Prix

text: catch fence

text: Ferrari

text: McLaren

text: Chevrolet

text: Nassau, Bahamas

text: Peter Gregg

text: Porsche Carrera

text: Lola T160

text: Swede Savage

text: Chuck Parsons

text: Lime Rock Park

text: mononucleosis

text: Brainerd International Raceway

text: David Hobbs

text: Pomona, California

text: Graham McRae

text: Sam Posey

text: Road Atlanta

text: Peter Gethin

text: Formula 5000

text: Brands Hatch

text: Riverside International Raceway

text: Watkins Glen

text: Jody Scheckter

text: Brian Redman

text: Mount Pocono, Pennsylvania

text: Snetterton

text: Mallory Park

text: Dan Gurney’s

text: Anglo American Racers

text: marque

text: Lexington, Ohio

text: Mosport International Raceway

text: BMW 3.0 CSL

text: Sports Car Club of America

text: George Follmer

text: Ontario Motor Speedway

text: Mario Andretti

text: Mickey Rupp

text: Porsche 935

text: Watkins Glen

text: Jacky Ickx

text: Jochen Mass

text: Derek Bell

text: Los Angeles Times

text: Porsche 935

text: Hesketh Racing

text: 1975 Austrian Grand Prix

text: Mario Andretti

text: Mark Donohue

text: Alexander Hesketh, 3rd Baron Hesketh

text: 1975 United States Grand Prix

text: Watkins Glen

text: 1975 Italian Grand Prix

text: Surtees

text: Chesterfield

text: Champion Spark Plugs Company

text: 1976 United States Grand Prix West

text: Long Beach, California

text: RMS "Queen Mary"

text: Sherman tank

text: BS Fabrications

text: McLaren M23

text: James Hunt

text: 1976 Formula One World Championship

text: season

text: 1977 South African Grand Prix

text: 1977 United States Grand Prix West

text: 1977 German Grand Prix

text: Hockenheim

text: Zeltweg

text: 1977 Austrian Grand Prix

text: Zandvoort

text: 1977 Dutch Grand Prix

text: 1977 United States Grand Prix

text: Buenos Aires

text: 1978 Argentine Grand Prix

text: Rio de Janeiro

text: 1978 Brazilian Grand Prix

text: Johannesburg

text: 1978 South African Grand Prix

text: 1978 British Grand Prix

text: Brands Hatch

text: Carlos Reutemann

text: 1978 Austrian Grand Prix

text: Ensign

text: 1978 United States Grand Prix

text: 1978 BRDC International Trophy

text: Silverstone

text: Keke Rosberg

text: Emerson Fittipaldi

text: Tony Trimmer

text: CBS

text: 1979 South African Grand Prix

text: Angel Flight

categories: Racing drivers from Delaware,Ensign Formula One drivers,European Formula Two Championship drivers,Sportspeople from Wilmington, Delaware,Hesketh Formula One drivers,1945 births,Atlantic Championship drivers,BS Fabrications Formula One drivers,American Formula One drivers,Surtees Formula One drivers,British Formula One Championship drivers,Living people

paragraph: Brett Lunger

paragraph: Robert Brett Lunger (born November 14, 1945 in Wilmington, Delaware) is an American racecar driver and Vietnam War veteran.

paragraph: Lunger was educated at the Holderness School, and Princeton University. He dropped out of Princeton after three years to enlist for service in Vietnam. He was a political science major. At the time he was preparing a thesis on U.S. policy on Southeast Asia. The Gulf of Tonkin Incident refuted much of what Lunger contended in his writing. A former US Marine lieutenant who served in the Vietnam war, his racing career was mostly spent in privateer cars, paid for by his family wealth (Lunger was a scion of the DuPont family). He is also known for helping to rescue Niki Lauda from his burning Ferrari in 1976 at the Nürburgring.

paragraph: Lunger was not raised a car enthusiast. He was brought up to enjoy baseball, hockey, and football. He became interested in auto racing when a friend took him to a race in 1965. By 1966 he was the "rich kid" of the Can-Am series. Between 1972 and 1973 he faced the top competition in European Formula Two, from the likes of Emerson Fittipaldi, Ronnie Peterson, and Jean-Pierre Jarier. His best finish was a 4th place at Mantorp Park in Sweden, for Space Racing, in their March-Ford BDA 722. The machinery he was in at this juncture did not allow him to do better. On a single weekend in Rouen, France, Lunger blew three Ford BDA engines.

paragraph: He married Jo, the daughter of Sir Leonard Crossland, former chairman of Ford of Britain and an executive with Lotus in 1975. Lunger used his wife's English thatched cottage as a base to court a ride with Formula One teams in 1975.

paragraph: Section::::Racing career synopsis.

paragraph: He participated in 43 Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on August 17, 1975, without scoring any championship during his four seasons in Formula One.

paragraph: Lunger's Formula One career started alongside James Hunt in the Hesketh team in 1975, followed by a season with Surtees in 1976. The 1976 British GP was probably the best race of his GP career, qualifying mid grid, he climbed through the field to challenge his team mate Alan Jones, and Lunger's fastest lap was bettered by only 5 drivers. For 1977, he started the season with a year-old March 761 run by Bob Sparshott and entered under the name of his sponsor, Chesterfield Racing, but switched to a McLaren M23 after three races. In 1978, he stayed with the McLaren M23 and also tried an M26, but now entered by Sparshott's racing outfit, BS Fabrications. After a one-off drive for Ensign at the end of the season, Lunger moved on to sports car racing.

paragraph: Lunger is perhaps most renowned for being one of the drivers, along with Guy Edwards, Arturo Merzario and Harald Ertl, who saved Niki Lauda from his burning car during the 1976 German Grand Prix. Lunger described Lauda's accident which occurred on the 2nd lap. He went off at a speed of between and . "He had apparently crashed on exit, went through a couple of rows of catch fence, up a relatively steep bank, and back into the middle of the track, the Ferrari on fire." Lunger said that Edwards was able to get by Lauda's car to the left but Lunger was unable to avoid the wrecked Ferrari. He made contact about three quarters on because "I was committed to a line and couldn't make it through the debris." Ertl followed, colliding with the Ferrari and knocking it into Lunger's Surtees. Lunger's fire extinguishers were set off by the collision which was fortunate and saved time in the rescue. Lunger got out of his Surtees which was tangled up with the Ferrari. The extinguishers going off had dampened the fire somewhat. Workers arrived and kept the fire down, eventually putting foam on the Ferrari. This enabled Lunger and Merzario to get close to the fire, although they could not free Lauda at first. Lauda was conscious, struggling to get free on his own. Again the fire flared up and kept the men back from the car's side. Lunger jumped on top of the Ferrari and grabbed Lauda by his shoulders. Merzario unbuckled the seatbelts and Lunger and Lauda tumbled out of the car as a portion of the cockpit broke apart. As Lauda and Lunger emerged corner workers put foam on them. They lay for a few seconds in the grass. The burning fuel was moving toward them so Lunger and Lauda walked 6 to 8 steps away from the fire.

paragraph: Section::::Sports Cars and Formula 5000.

paragraph: Lunger finished 8th in a McLaren Chevrolet in the 1966, Nassau Trophy race, in Nassau, Bahamas. He was only a few seconds behind Peter Gregg in a Porsche Carrera 6. Lunger fielded a Lola T160 chassis in the 1968 Canadian American Challenge Cup (Can-Am). Others who drove Lola T160 cars were Swede Savage and Chuck Parsons.

paragraph: Following the stint in the US Marines and the rank of Captain in 1970, and competing in two SCCA National events, Lunger was among drivers in the 1971 L&M Grand Prix, at Lime Rock Park, who were competing for 2nd place in the 1971 SCCA L&M 5000 Continental Championship. Lunger started the race with a 103 degree fever having been diagnosed with mononucleosis the previous day. As race progressed he started to lose strength allowing Sam Posey to pass and moving Lunger to third in the championship. He was hospitalized after the race for several days. His first major win was that year at Brainerd International Raceway in the Minnesota Grand Prix. Lunger had 58 points prior to the event. Lunger came in 3rd overall in the overall standing, after David Hobbs had clinched the title with 99 points. His home at the time was Pomona, California.

paragraph: In 1972 Lunger was 3rd again in the L&M Continental 5000 Championship, trailing Graham McRae and Sam Posey. He moved into 3rd place following a win at Road Atlanta in August, in the Road Atlanta Grand Prix. He followed this up with another win, this time in the Lime Rock Grand Prix.

paragraph: In 1971 and 1972, Lunger might have finished third again in 1973 had mechanical problems held him to just four finishes, and seventh overall. In addition to this, he completed in the European Formula Two Championship and Torneio Internacional de Formula 2 do Brasil.

paragraph: In March 1973, Lunger placed 2nd to Peter Gethin in the opening race of Rothman's Formula 5000 European Championship at Brands Hatch. He was in a Hogan Racing Lola. In the April 1973 Formula 5000 race at Riverside International Raceway, Lunger finished 6th. He led the first 19 laps before a stuck throttle forced him to spin at turn 7. A 17-second pit stop to look for damage dropped him to 7th place. Lunger was 3rd in a Lola Chevrolet at the L&M Watkins Glen Grand Prix, in June 1973. Jody Scheckter and Brian Redman came in ahead of him in the Formula 5000 race. Lunger was 2nd in a Lola in a Formula 5000 race at Mount Pocono, Pennsylvania, in September 1973. In between races in the US F5000, Lunger continued to race in the English-based Rothmans Championship, winning twice, at Snetterton and Mallory Park for Sid Taylor Racing in their Trojan T101.

paragraph: Lunger drove for the Dan Gurney’s Anglo American Racers team, in their Jorgensen Eagle 73A which debuted in Formula 5000 in 1974. He started all seven races of the 1974 SCCA/USAC F5000 Championship, posting a second, third and a sixth place, ending the season fifth in the overall standings. The Eagle marque was introduced in Formula 5000 in preparation for an entrance into Formula One in 1975. Redman won the Mid-Ohio Formula 5000 race in Lexington, Ohio, in June 1974. Lunger placed 2nd, 1 minute and 14 seconds behind. Lunger was 3rd in the Mosport International Raceway Formula 5000 race on June 16.

paragraph: In July 1974, Lunger piloted a BMW 3.0 CSL in the six hours of Watkins Glen and competed in a Trans Am race, sponsored by the Sports Car Club of America, with George Follmer. Lunger started 8th and ran as high as 4th in the Can-Am Challenge Trophy race. He developed engine problems with 4 laps to go. Lunger said, "We're not ready yet, but we're getting there." Lunger won 2 heat races but crashed during the 1974 California Grand Prix at Ontario Motor Speedway. He was trying to pass a slower car and at the same time hold off eventual race winner, Mario Andretti. Lunger's Eagle Chevy collided with Mickey Rupp as they entered a turn at the end of the infield straight. Their cars spun in a cloud of dust off the race track. Lunger assisted rescue workers in pulling Rupp from his car. Lunger and Follmer secured 2nd place in a turbocharged Porsche 935of Vasek Polak, in the 1977 six hours endurance race at Watkins Glen. They were more than 3.377 mile-lap behind the winning team of Jacky Ickx and Jochen Mass. The victors drove a factory Porsche 935 with a advantage over the 20 other "customer" Porsches, which composed the field of 44 cars.

paragraph: Lunger teamed with Follmer and Derek Bell in a Vasek Polak entry in the Los Angeles Times 6-Hour Grand Prix of Endurance in April 1979. The 3-man team placed 3rd, 6 laps behind in a Porsche 935/79. The car started in the 23rd row due to engine problems during qualifying that kept it from posting a time.

paragraph: Section::::Formula One.

paragraph: Section::::Formula One.:1975 Hesketh.

paragraph: Lunger joined the Hesketh Racing Formula One team in 1975 for the running of the 1975 Austrian Grand Prix. Aside from Mario Andretti and Mark Donohue, he was the only American driver on the elite circuit. At the age of 29 Lunger found himself without a car to drive for a major team. His friends bought him a ride with the team of Alexander Hesketh, 3rd Baron Hesketh for the remainder of the 1975 Formula One season. Lunger's brother, Dave, and Rod Campbell, a veteran motor racing public relations man, formed a combine in late 1975 to promote a Formula One ride for Lunger. In his debut Lunger started from the 9th row. He finished 13th in his Hesketh-Ford. In qualifying for the 1975 United States Grand Prix, Lunger wrecked his Hesketh, sustaining superficial damage to his car. He recovered to become one of 24 qualifiers for the race. Lunger ran as high as 8th at Watkins Glen, before he retired. In the 1975 Italian Grand Prix he came in 10th.

paragraph: Section::::Formula One.:1976 Surtees.

paragraph: In 1976 Lunger moved to the Team Surtees. The corporation obtained sponsorship from Chesterfield, Rand Time Corporation, the Delaware Trust Company, and Champion Spark Plugs Company. On the 1st day of qualifying for the 1976 United States Grand Prix West in Long Beach, California, Lunger averaged only . Driving a Surtees-Ford, he was in 21st position. He described the dilemma of negotiating the Long Beach race track, which incorporated 85 circuits from Ocean Boulevard downtown to a parking lot and to Shoreline Drive, not far from the RMS "Queen Mary", and then back to Ocean Boulevard. "This course is so narrow, it's like trying to drive a Sherman tank through a parking lot." Lunger failed to make the field on the 2nd day of qualifying. Only 20 cars started due to the narrowness of the Long Beach circuit. Lunger's Surtees dropped a clutch in practice and was never correctly fixed.

paragraph: Section::::Formula One.:1977 - 1978 McLaren, Ensign.

paragraph: In January 1977 Lunger announced that he had signed with BS Fabrications, an English race team, and manufacturer of race car components. He fielded a McLaren M23, the same car driven by James Hunt when he won the 1976 Formula One World Championship. In his first race of the season, Lunger finished 14th in the 1977 South African Grand Prix driving a March-Ford. The week prior to the race he lost a right rear wheel and crashed. It took his crew a week to rebuild the car from the ground up. During qualifying he drove three timed laps before his car blew an engine. This meant that Lunger started the race at the rear. Lunger qualified his March on the 11th row, 21st starting position for the 1977 United States Grand Prix West. He did not complete the race after he was in an accident on the 4th lap. He drove a McLaren to a 19th-place finish in the 1977 German Grand Prix at Hockenheim. Lunger qualified 17th in Zeltweg for the 1977 Austrian Grand Prix. He had a time of 1 minute, 41.40 seconds. He placed 9th at Zandvoort in the 1977 Dutch Grand Prix. His McLaren was 2 laps behind winner Lauda. Lunger was 10th, 2 laps down, at the 1977 United States Grand Prix.

paragraph: He was one lap off the pace and finished 19th at Buenos Aires in the 1978 Argentine Grand Prix. Lunger's McLaren was 20th at Rio de Janeiro in the 1978 Brazilian Grand Prix and was 11th at Johannesburg in the 1978 South African Grand Prix, in March. Lunger started 24th, in last position, for the 1978 British Grand Prix at Brands Hatch. His qualifying time was 1:20.39. He went on to score his career best F1 finish, 8th place, albeit, one lap behind winner Carlos Reutemann. In the 1978 Austrian Grand Prix he finished 8th, 2 laps off the winning pace. Lunger started an Ensign from 24th position in the 1978 United States Grand Prix. His time was 1:43.067. He finished 13th.

paragraph: Lunger finished 4th in the non-championship 1978 BRDC International Trophy race at Silverstone. He was behind winner Keke Rosberg, 2nd place Emerson Fittipaldi, and Tony Trimmer. The $190,000 event was hampered by rain over its .

paragraph: In many ways, Lunger was one of the very last privateers in Formula One, plying his trade in year-old machinery, prepared by small independent racing teams. He called time on F1, at the end of the 1978 season, and returned to US Sports Car racing.

paragraph: Section::::Post-race life.

paragraph: Lunger failed to find an acceptable ride in 1979. During his retirement from racing he worked as a journalist with CBS, covering Formula One races like the 1979 South African Grand Prix. He completed his degree at Princeton.

paragraph: Lunger also became an author of a workbook series centered around responsibility, and as a result, founded Responsibility Today. The I Am Responsible Movement was Lunger's way of giving back to the community by drawing from his many successes and failures during his early life and racing career. Lunger continues to expand his organization by attending conferences and writing blog articles related to responsible decision making on Responsibility Today's website.

paragraph: He remains a very competitive individual, taking part in cycling competitions in his spare time, when not running a research and development business. He is also a pilot, and this work, long with his wife, includes the Angel Flight Network.

description: American racecar driver

wikidata_label: Brett Lunger

wikipedia_title: Brett Lunger


text:
Major General
Victoria Cross
British
Commonwealth
captain
86th Regiment of Foot
The Royal Irish Rifles
British Army
Indian Mutiny
Jhansi
Chandairee
Jumna
James Byrne
19th Regiment of Foot
major general
Location of grave and VC medal

categories: 1901 deaths,Indian Rebellion of 1857 recipients of the Victoria Cross,British Army generals,1830 births,Green Howards officers,British West Indies recipients of the Victoria Cross,86th (Royal County Down) Regiment of Foot officers

paragraph: Henry Edward Jerome

paragraph: Major General Henry Edward Jerome (28 February 1830 – 25 February 1901) was a recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Jerome was 28 years old, and a captain in the 86th Regiment of Foot (later The Royal Irish Rifles), British Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deeds took place at Jhansi, Chandairee and Jumna for which he (and Private James Byrne) were awarded the VC:

paragraph: Jerome later transferred to the 19th Regiment of Foot and achieved the rank of major general.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Location of grave and VC medal "(Avon)"

description: Recipient of the Victoria Cross

wikidata_label: Henry Edward Jerome

wikipedia_title: Henry Edward Jerome


text:
VC
Victoria Cross
Commonwealth
Scots Guards
Second Boer War
NSPCC
Company Sergeant-Major
3rd Manchester Pals
The Manchester Regiment
British Army
First World War
Battle of the Somme
Guillemont
POW
First World War
Imperial War Museum
London
Monuments to Courage
The Register of the Victoria Cross
VCs of the First World War - The Somme
Location of grave and VC medal

categories: British Army personnel of the Second Boer War,1937 deaths,British World War I prisoners of war,British Battle of the Somme recipients of the Victoria Cross,World War I prisoners of war held by Germany,Manchester Regiment soldiers,People from Kensington,British Army personnel of World War I,1876 births,British Army recipients of the Victoria Cross,Scots Guards soldiers

paragraph: George Evans (VC)

paragraph: George Evans VC (16 February 1876 – 28 September 1937) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

paragraph: Evans first joined the Scots Guards in March 1894, and served during the Second Boer War. He left the Army in August 1902, to work for the NSPCC, and rejoined in January 1915. When he was 40 years old, and a Company Sergeant-Major in the 18th Battalion (3rd Manchester Pals), The Manchester Regiment of the British Army during the First World War, Evans was awarded the Victoria Cross for his deeds on 30 July 1916 during the Battle of the Somme at Guillemont, France:

paragraph: Company Sergeant-Major Evans volunteered to take back an important message after five runners had been killed in attempting to do so. He had to cover about 700 yards, the whole of which was under observation from the enemy. He succeeded in delivering the message in spite of being wounded, and then rejoined his company despite having been advised to go to the dressing station. The return journey had again meant facing 700 yards of severe rifle and machine-gun fire, but by dodging from shell-hole to shell-hole he managed it.

paragraph: Evans was captured following his VC action, and spent the rest of the war as a POW. His Victoria Cross, gazetted in January 1920, was the last to be gazetted for the First World War.

paragraph: He died on 28 September 1937 and was buried in Elmers End Cemetery, Beckenham.

paragraph: His VC is held at the Imperial War Museum in London.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Monuments to Courage (David Harvey, 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Register of the Victoria Cross (This England, 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- VCs of the First World War - The Somme (Gerald Gliddon, 1994)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Location of grave and VC medal "(S.E. London)"

description: Recipient of the Victoria Cross

wikidata_label: George Evans

wikipedia_title: George Evans (VC)


text: VC

text: Scottish

text: Victoria Cross

text: British

text: Commonwealth

text: private

text: 44th (East Essex) Regiment of Foot

text: Essex Regiment

text: British Army

text: Second China War

text: Taku Forts

text: China

text: Robert Montresor Rogers

text: Edmund Henry Lenon

text: Old Calton Cemetery

text: Chelmsford

text: Essex

text: Monuments to Courage

text: The Register of the Victoria Cross

text: Scotland's Forgotten Valour

text: Location of grave and VC medal

categories: British recipients of the Victoria Cross,1839 births,Essex Regiment soldiers,British Army personnel of the Second Opium War,People from Edinburgh,Burials at Old Calton Cemetery,1869 deaths

paragraph: John McDougall (VC)

paragraph: John Leishman McDougall VC (1839 – 10 March 1869) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

paragraph: Section::::Details.

paragraph: He was approximately 21 years old, and a private in the 44th (East Essex) Regiment of Foot (later The Essex Regiment), British Army during the Second China War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.

paragraph: On 21 August 1860 at the Taku Forts, China, Private McDougall with an officer of his regiment (Robert Montresor Rogers) and a lieutenant of the 67th Regiment (Edmund Henry Lenon) displayed great gallantry in swimming the ditches and entering the North Taku Fort by an embrasure during the assault. They were the first of the British established on the walls of the Fort.

paragraph: Until 1990 he laid in an unmarked grave. A campaign at that time added a stone to all unmarked VC winners. He is buried in Old Calton Cemetery. The grave lies to the north-east, not far from the main entrance.

paragraph: Section::::The medal.

paragraph: The VC was stolen from the family home in 1960 and never recovered. The ribbon and bar are displayed at The Essex Regiment Museum, Chelmsford, Essex, England.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Scottish Victoria Cross recipients

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Scotland's Forgotten Valour (Graham Ross, 1995)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Location of grave and VC medal "(Edinburgh)"

description: recipient of the Victoria Cross

wikidata_label: John McDougall

wikipedia_title: John McDougall (VC)


text:
VC
English
Victoria Cross
British
Commonwealth
private
9th Lancers
British Army
Indian Mutiny
Lucknow
India
Imperial War Museum

categories: British recipients of the Victoria Cross,1835 births,Indian Rebellion of 1857 recipients of the Victoria Cross,Deaths from dysentery,People from Seaham,1858 deaths,9th Queen's Royal Lancers soldiers

paragraph: Robert Newell

paragraph: Robert Newell VC (1835 – 11 July 1858) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

paragraph: Private Newell was approximately 23 years old, and a private in the 9th Lancers of the British Army when the following deed on 19 March 1857, during the Indian Mutiny at Lucknow, India led to the award of the Victoria Cross:

paragraph: He died four months later in India on 11 July 1858. His VC is on display in the Lord Ashcroft Gallery at the Imperial War Museum, London.

description: English recipient of the Victoria Cross

wikidata_label: Robert Newell

wikipedia_title: Robert Newell


text:
VC
Tynan
County Armagh
Irish
Victoria Cross
British
Commonwealth
private
5th Regiment of Foot
The Northumberland Fusiliers
British Army
Indian Mutiny
Lucknow
India
John Ryan
sergeant
smallpox
Allahabad
British India
The Register of the Victoria Cross
Ireland's VCs
Monuments to Courage
Irish Winners of the Victoria Cross

categories: Infectious disease deaths in India,1859 deaths,19th-century Irish people,Indian Rebellion of 1857 recipients of the Victoria Cross,1829 births,Royal Northumberland Fusiliers soldiers,Deaths from smallpox,Irish recipients of the Victoria Cross,Irish soldiers in the British Army,People from County Armagh

paragraph: Peter McManus

paragraph: Peter McManus VC (March 1829 – 27 April 1859) was born in Tynan, County Armagh, was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

paragraph: Section::::Details.

paragraph: McManus was approximately 28 years old, and a private in the 1st Battalion, 5th Regiment of Foot (later The Northumberland Fusiliers), British Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deed took place on 26 September 1857 at Lucknow, India for which he and Private John Ryan was awarded the VC:

paragraph: He later achieved the rank of sergeant. He died from smallpox in Allahabad, British India, on 27 April 1859.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Register of the Victoria Cross" (1981, 1988 and 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ireland's VCs" (Dept of Economic Development, 1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Monuments to Courage" (David Harvey, 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Irish Winners of the Victoria Cross" (Richard Doherty & David Truesdale, 2000)

description: Recipient of the Victoria Cross

wikidata_label: Peter McManus

wikipedia_title: Peter McManus


text:
Milan
racing driver
Formula One
Formula Two
March
BMW
Teo Fabi
Brabham
CART
Champcars
Profile at grandprix.com

categories: Sportspeople from Milan,Italian racing drivers,European Formula Two Championship drivers,Italian Formula One drivers,Osella Formula One drivers,1961 births,International Formula 3000 drivers,World Sportscar Championship drivers,Brabham Formula One drivers,Champ Car drivers,Living people

paragraph: Corrado Fabi

paragraph: Corrado Fabi (born 12 April 1961 in Milan) is a former racing driver from Italy. He participated in 18 Formula One Grands Prix, debuting on 13 March 1983, scoring no championship points. He was the 1982 European Formula Two Champion driving a March-BMW.

paragraph: He is the younger brother of Teo Fabi, also a racing driver. In 1984 they shared a Brabham Formula One drive, with Corrado deputising for Teo when Teo's commitments to CART racing in the USA took precedence. After his opportunities in Formula One dried up, Corrado Fabi raced briefly in Champcars before effectively retiring to look after the family business interests.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile at grandprix.com

description: Italian racing driver

wikidata_label: Corrado Fabi

wikipedia_title: Corrado Fabi


text:
VC
Enniskillen
County Fermanagh
Irish
Victoria Cross
British
Commonwealth
sergeant
9th Lancers
British Army
Indian Mutiny
Lieutenant
Calcutta
The Register of the Victoria Cross
Ireland's VCs
Monuments to Courage
Irish Winners of the Victoria Cross

categories: 1886 deaths,People from Enniskillen,1826 births,19th-century Irish people,Indian Rebellion of 1857 recipients of the Victoria Cross,Irish recipients of the Victoria Cross,Irish soldiers in the British Army,9th Queen's Royal Lancers soldiers,9th Queen's Royal Lancers officers

paragraph: Henry Hartigan

paragraph: Henry Hartigan VC (; March 1826 – 29 October 1886) was born Drumlea, Enniskillen, County Fermanagh and was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

paragraph: Section::::Details.

paragraph: He was about 31 years old, and a Pensioned sergeant in the 9th Lancers, British Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deeds took place for which he was awarded the VC:

paragraph: Section::::Further information.

paragraph: He later achieved the rank of Lieutenant. He died in Calcutta, India on 29 October 1886.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Listed in order of publication year

description: Recipient of the Victoria Cross

wikidata_label: Henry Hartigan

wikipedia_title: Henry Hartigan


text: VC

text: Markethill

text: County Armagh

text: Irish

text: Victoria Cross

text: British

text: Commonwealth

text: Sergeant-Major

text: 84th Regiment of Foot

text: British Army

text: Indian Mutiny

text: Onao

text: Bithoor

text: Lucknow

text: lieutenant

text: Sheffield

text: Wardsend Cemetery

text: York and Lancaster Regiment Museum

text: Rotherham

text: South Yorkshire

text: The Register of the Victoria Cross

text: Ireland's VCs

text: Monuments to Courage

text: Irish Winners of the Victoria Cross

text: Location of grave and VC medal

categories: 1860 deaths,Irish officers in the British Army,19th-century Irish people,Indian Rebellion of 1857 recipients of the Victoria Cross,Irish recipients of the Victoria Cross,1819 births,British Army recipients of the Victoria Cross,People from County Armagh,84th Regiment of Foot officers

paragraph: George Lambert (VC)

paragraph: George Lambert VC (16 December 1819 – 10 February 1860), born in Markethill, County Armagh, was an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

paragraph: He was 37 years old, and a Sergeant-Major in the 84th Regiment of Foot (later the 2nd Battalion, York and Lancaster Regiment), British Army during the Indian Mutiny when the following deeds took place at Onao, Bithoor and Lucknow for which he was awarded the VC:

paragraph: He later achieved the rank of lieutenant. He died in Sheffield on 10 February 1860 and was buried at Wardsend Cemetery in the city.

paragraph: His Victoria Cross is displayed at The York and Lancaster Regiment Museum, Rotherham, South Yorkshire.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Listed in order of publication year

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Location of grave and VC medal "(South Yorkshire)"

description: recipient of the Victoria Cross, born 1819

wikidata_label: George Lambert

wikipedia_title: George Lambert (VC)


text:
English
Victoria Cross
British
Commonwealth
Hardingham
Norfolk
Eton
Trinity College, Cambridge
74th (Highland) Regiment of Foot
lieutenant
The Highland Light Infantry
Tel-el-Kebir
Egypt
adjutant
Lord Belper
Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms
Deputy Lieutenant
Location of grave and VC medal

categories: People educated at Eton College,British recipients of the Victoria Cross,Deputy Lieutenants of Norfolk,British Army personnel of the Anglo-Egyptian War,Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge,Honourable Corps of Gentlemen at Arms,74th Highlanders officers,1855 births,People from Breckland District,1912 deaths,British Army recipients of the Victoria Cross,Highland Light Infantry officers

paragraph: William Mordaunt Marsh Edwards

paragraph: Major William Mordaunt Marsh Edwards, (7 May 1855 – 17 September 1912) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Edwards was the son and heir of Henry William Bartholomew, of Hardingham Hall, Norfolk. He was educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge. He did not take a degree at Cambridge, but joined the Army. He was commissioned as a sub-lieutenant on the Unattached List on 22 March 1876, and in January 1877 joined the 74th (Highland) Regiment of Foot, with the rank of lieutenant.

paragraph: Section::::Victoria Cross.

paragraph: Edwards was 27 years old, and serving as a lieutenant in the 2nd Battalion, The Highland Light Infantry, during the British occupation of Egypt when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.

paragraph: On 13 September 1882 at Tel-el-Kebir, Egypt, Lieutenant Edwards led a party of the Highland Light Infantry to storm a redoubt. The lieutenant who was in advance of his party, rushed alone into the battery, killed the artillery officer in charge and was himself knocked down by a gunner with a rammer and was rescued only by the timely arrival of three men of his regiment. He was severely wounded.

paragraph: Section::::Later career.

paragraph: Edwards was promoted to captain on 23 March 1887. He served as adjutant of the 3rd Battalion, HLI, from 1 January 1892, until 1 November 1893, and was promoted to major on 4 September 1895. Edwards retired from the army on 11 November 1896.

paragraph: On 19 February 1899, on the nomination of Lord Belper, he was appointed one of the Honourable Corps of Gentlemen-at-Arms, and on 13 August 1900 he was commissioned as a Deputy Lieutenant of the County of Norfolk.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Location of grave and VC medal "(Norfolk)"

description: English soldier, recipient of the Victoria Cross

wikidata_label: William Mordaunt Marsh Edwards

wikipedia_title: William Mordaunt Marsh Edwards