text:
Swedish
ice hockey
forward
HV71
Swedish Hockey League
Anaheim Ducks
National Hockey League
HC Dalen
HV71
Elitserien
1999 NHL Entry Draft
New York Islanders
Detroit Red Wings
2012–13
AIK

categories: Dinamo Riga players,HC Neftekhimik Nizhnekamsk players,1981 births,AIK IF players,Malmö Redhawks players,HC Fribourg-Gottéron players,People from Jönköping,HV71 players,Lukko players,New York Islanders draft picks,Anaheim Ducks players,Living people,Portland Pirates players

paragraph: Björn Melin

paragraph: Björn Melin (born July 4, 1981) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey forward, who most notably played with HV71 in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL) and the Anaheim Ducks of the National Hockey League (NHL).

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.

paragraph: Melin played as left winger with jersey number 91. He was an energetic quick power forward who worked hard in every shift. Melin started his hockey career with HC Dalen and has played six of his first seven professional seasons with HV71 in the Swedish Elitserien.

paragraph: Melin was drafted in the 1999 NHL Entry Draft by the New York Islanders with their 6th round pick, in the 163rd overall selection. Melin chose not to renew his contract with his last club HV71 in Sweden after the season 2005-06. On May 31, 2006, he signed a one-year contract with the Anaheim Ducks of the NHL. Melin started the season 2006-07 playing for the Portland Pirates in AHL. On January 7 Melin made his NHL debut and scored a goal for Anaheim Ducks against Detroit Red Wings.

paragraph: After just one season in the AHL and the NHL, Melin returned to his native Sweden for play in Elitserien. In April 2007, he signed a three-year contract with his former club HV71.

paragraph: Prior to the 2012–13 season, Melin signed a two-year contract with the Stockholm club AIK of the SEL to return to Sweden.

paragraph: Section::::Career statistics.

paragraph: Section::::Career statistics.:International.

paragraph: "Statistics complete."

description: ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Björn Melin

wikipedia_title: Björn Melin


text:
Canadian
Iroquois, Ontario
University of British Columbia
Alma Mater Society
Bachelor of Arts
Evelyn Story
World War I
Irish Fusiliers of Canada
Canadian Expeditionary Force
Military Cross
Rhodes Scholarship
Oxford University
Davis & Company
Canadian Army
Brigadier
South Saskatchewan Regiment
4th Canadian Infantry Brigade
The Battle of Dieppe
Battle of Normandy
International Control Commission
Geneva Accords
First Indochina War
Saul Rae
Supreme Court of British Columbia
Prime Minister
Lester Pearson
Sherwood Lett
The Canadian Encyclopedia

categories: Canadian generals,Canadian Expeditionary Force officers,People from the United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry,Canadian Commanders of the Order of the British Empire,Lawyers in British Columbia,1964 deaths,1895 births,Canadian military personnel of World War II,University of British Columbia alumni,Canadian Companions of the Distinguished Service Order,Judges in British Columbia,Canadian recipients of the Military Cross,Chancellors of the University of British Columbia,Canadian Rhodes Scholars,Canadian Queen's Counsel

paragraph: Sherwood Lett

paragraph: Sherwood Lett, (August 1,1895 – July 24,1964) was a Canadian soldier, lawyer, diplomat, and jurist.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Born in Iroquois, Ontario, Sherwood Lett moved to British Columbia in his early years. He started his education at the McGill University College of British Columbia which became the University of British Columbia. In 1915, he became the first President of the UBC Alma Mater Society. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1916. He was married to Evelyn Story.

paragraph: Section::::World War I.

paragraph: During World War I, he served with the Irish Fusiliers of Canada in the Canadian Expeditionary Force and was wounded in 1918. He was awarded the Military Cross.

paragraph: Section::::Between the wars.

paragraph: In 1919, he was awarded a Rhodes Scholarship and he received a Bachelor of Arts in jurisprudence at Oxford University. In 1923, he joined the law firm of Davis & Company where he practiced corporate and taxation law. He would remain at the firm until 1963. He was a member of the Senate of the University of British Columbia from 1924 to 1957 and a member of the Board of Governors from 1935 to 1940 and from 1951 to 1957.

paragraph: Section::::World War II.

paragraph: In 1939, he rejoined the Canadian Army as a Brigadier and was the Commanding Officer of the South Saskatchewan Regiment in England in 1941. In 1942, he was the Commanding Officer of the 4th Canadian Infantry Brigade which fought at The Battle of Dieppe. During this campaign he was wounded and received the Distinguished Service Order. After recovering, from 1943 to 1944, he was the Deputy Chief of the General Staff. In 1944, he resumed command of the 4th Canadian Brigade and took part in the Battle of Normandy where he was wounded. He was later made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire.

paragraph: Section::::Post-war.

paragraph: After the war, he re-joined his law practice at Davis & Company. In 1954, he became the head of the Canadian group on the International Control Commission, the international force established in 1954 that oversaw the implementation of the Geneva Accords that ended the First Indochina War with the Partition of Vietnam. His deputy was Saul Rae. In 1963, he was appointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of British Columbia. He served until his death in 1964.

paragraph: From 1951 to 1957, he was the Chancellor of the University of British Columbia. He was awarded an honorary LL.D from the University of British Columbia in 1945.

paragraph: Prime Minister Lester Pearson said of him, "I know of no Canadian who has served his country in war and peace with greater distinction and more unselfishly."

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stacey, Col. C.P. (1960). "The Victory Campaign: The Operations in Northwest Europe, 1944-45". Queen's Printer.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sherwood Lett at The Canadian Encyclopedia

description: Canadian judge

wikidata_label: Sherwood Lett

wikipedia_title: Sherwood Lett


text: Venezuelan

text: professional baseball

text: pitcher

text: Tigres de Quintana Roo

text: Mexican League

text: Major League Baseball

text: Pittsburgh Pirates

text: Texas Rangers

text: San Diego Padres

text: Boston Red Sox

text: Pittsburgh Pirates

text: Indianapolis Indians

text: Deolis Guerra

text: Atlanta Braves

text: win

text: hit

text: Colorado Rockies

text: Atlanta Braves

text: Tigres de Quintana Roo

text: Mexican League

categories: Pittsburgh Pirates players,Indianapolis Indians players,Tigres de Quintana Roo players,Gwinnett Braves players,Venezuelan expatriate baseball players in Mexico,Major League Baseball players from Venezuela,San Antonio Missions players,Dominican Summer League Rangers players,Tucson Padres players,Myrtle Beach Pelicans players,Pawtucket Red Sox players,Navegantes del Magallanes players,Bakersfield Blaze players,Spokane Indians players,Hickory Crawdads players,Portland Sea Dogs players,Major League Baseball pitchers,Living people,Frisco RoughRiders players,Las Vegas 51s players,Águilas del Zulia players,1989 births

paragraph: Wilfredo Boscán

paragraph: Wilfredo José Boscán Fernández (born October 26, 1989) is a Venezuelan professional baseball pitcher for the Tigres de Quintana Roo of the Mexican League. He previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Pittsburgh Pirates.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Texas Rangers.

paragraph: Boscán played in the Texas Rangers organization from the 2007 season to the 2012 season.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:San Diego Padres.

paragraph: Boscán played in the San Diego Padres organization during the 2013 season. He became a free agent after the season.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Boston Red Sox.

paragraph: Boscán played in the Boston Red Sox organization during the 2014 season. He became a free agent after the season.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Pittsburgh Pirates.

paragraph: He signed with the Pittsburgh Pirates before the 2015 season.

paragraph: Boscán was called up to the majors for the first time on May 16, 2015. He was then called up a second time on July 12, 2015, and a third time on July 19, 2015. Each time, he was optioned to the AAA Indianapolis Indians before getting the opportunity to make his MLB debut. He was designated for assignment on August 7, 2015, after Deolis Guerra's waiver claim was voided due to injury.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Atlanta Braves.

paragraph: Boscán made his major league debut against the Atlanta Braves on May 19, 2016, after receiving his fourth call-up. He recorded his first career win and hit on May 23 against the Colorado Rockies.

paragraph: Boscán was claimed off waivers by the Atlanta Braves on August 10, 2016. He was released on August 27, 2016. He elected free agency on November 6, 2017.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Tigres de Quintana Roo.

paragraph: On April 25, 2019, Boscán signed with the Tigres de Quintana Roo of the Mexican League.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball players from Venezuela

description: Venezuelan baseball player

wikidata_label: Wilfredo Boscán

wikipedia_title: Wilfredo Boscán


text:
Italian
Pisa
Teatro Argentina
Antonio Gandusio
Dina Galli
Mourning Becomes Electra
Anton Giulio Bragaglia
Luchino Visconti
Garinei & Giovannini
Giorgio De Lullo
Parioli
My Little One
Defendant, Stand Up!
No Man's Land
The Hussar Captain
Manon Lescaut
What a Distinguished Family
I Met You in Naples
Anthony of Padua
Buon viaggio pover'uomo
Bellissima
Carmela
Verdi, the King of Melody
Too Young for Love
What Scoundrels Men Are!
It's Never Too Late
Angels of Darkness
Winter Holidays
Le olimpiadi dei mariti
Seduced and Abandoned

categories: People from Pisa,Italian film actresses,1969 deaths,1889 births,Italian stage actresses,Italian voice actresses,20th-century Italian actresses

paragraph: Lola Braccini

paragraph: Lola Braccini, born Camilla Cariddi (28 March 1889 - 19 March 1969) was an Italian film, television and stage actress.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Born in Pisa, Braccini moved to Rome at 14 years old and debuted on stage in 1912 as an extra at the Teatro Argentina, in a theatrical work directed by Cesare Dondini. After a series of other experiences, in 1917 she entered the company held by Antonio Gandusio, with whom she stayed until 1922, while in 1924 she had her first leading roles. In 1939 Braccini debuted in a role of "mother" with the company headed by Dina Galli, and in a short time this kind of role became distinctive of her subsequent career, notably gaining critical acclaim for her performance as Christine Mannon in an adaptation of "Mourning Becomes Electra" directed in 1942 by Anton Giulio Bragaglia. After the war she kept on working on stage with notable directors, including Luchino Visconti, Garinei & Giovannini, Giorgio De Lullo. She was also active in films and on television, and was a voice actress and a dubber. She died in a clinic of Parioli, where she had been hospitalized a week before for heart ailments.

paragraph: Section::::Selected filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "My Little One" (1933)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Defendant, Stand Up!" (1939)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "No Man's Land" (1939)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Hussar Captain" (1940)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Manon Lescaut" (1940)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "What a Distinguished Family" (1945)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Met You in Naples" (1946)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Anthony of Padua" (1949)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Buon viaggio pover'uomo" (1951)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bellissima" (1951)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Carmela" (1952)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Verdi, the King of Melody" (1953)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Too Young for Love" (1953)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "What Scoundrels Men Are!" (1953)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "It's Never Too Late" (1953)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Angels of Darkness" (1954)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Winter Holidays" (1959)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le olimpiadi dei mariti" (1960)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Seduced and Abandoned" (1964)

description: Italian actress and voice actress

wikidata_label: Lola Braccini

wikipedia_title: Lola Braccini


text: Justin Broadrick

text: electronic music

text: Kevin Martin

text: Techno Animal

text: Godflesh

text: Jesu

text: Posthuman

text: metal

text: dub

text: industrial

text: Prurient

text: Justin Broadrick

text: hip hop

text: drum and bass

text: Slavestate

text: Pure

text: Techno Animal

text: Kevin Martin

text: compilation album

text: jungle

text: minimal techno

text: EP

text: Diarmuid Dalton

text: Invisible Records

text: Jesu

text: analog synthesizer

text: Shard End

text: From Hell

text: electronica

text: Greymachine

text: Aaron Turner

text: Isis

text: dub music

text: Posthuman

text: drum and bass

text: Nothing Is Free

text: Rise Above

text: Exit Stance

text: techno

text: Wasplike

text: New Horizon

text: rave

text: Jeff Mills

text: Robert Hood

text: Plastikman

text: Aphex Twin

text: Brummie

text: Regis

text: Downwards Records

text: Dillinja

text: DnB

text: Moritz von Oswald

text: dub techno

text: Basic Channel

text: Chain Reaction

text: Andy Stott

text: Posthuman

text: Rise Above

text: New Horizon

text: Orphx

text: Nothing Is Free

text: Exit Stance

text: Wasplike

text: Prurient

text: Submerged

text: Goth-Trad

text: Nothing Is Free

text: Solid Steel

text: Orphx

text: Berlin Atonal

text: The Bug

text: Earth

text: Berghain

text: Vatican Shadow

text: Final

text: Jesu

text: Health

text: Survive

text: Godflesh

categories: Dark ambient music groups,English electronic music groups,Musical groups from Birmingham, West Midlands,Noise musical groups,British industrial music groups

paragraph: JK Flesh

paragraph: JK Flesh is a moniker of English musician Justin Broadrick employed for his solo work within electronic music. Broadrick's usage of the title spans back to his work in the 1990s with Kevin Martin in Techno Animal, but he first released a solo studio album as JK Flesh in 2012. Unlike Broadrick's most well-known projects, Godflesh and Jesu, his work as JK Flesh is electronic and (apart from "Posthuman") lacks metal riffs. Over the years, the project has shifted into a more minimal and dub sound while retaining its industrial influences.

paragraph: As JK Flesh, Broadrick has released three studio albums, five EPs, a split album with Prurient, and a number of remixes.

paragraph: Section::::History.

paragraph: Section::::History.:Background.

paragraph: In the early 1990s, Justin Broadrick became interested in producing hip hop and drum and bass music. While this influence is felt in some of his more prominent releases, like in Godflesh's 1991 EP "Slavestate" and 1992 album "Pure", Broadrick fully explored these genres privately in a solo capacity or incorporated the work into his collaborative projects such as Techno Animal with Kevin Martin. A few of these experiments saw release within various compilation albums, others such as his short lived projects Tech-Level 2 and Youpho saw releases on British jungle label Hardleaders. Broadrick himself briefly ran a minimal techno label in the late 90s called Lo Fibre through which he released EPs of his projects Solaris B.C. with Diarmuid Dalton and The Sidewinder with Martin. A portion of this material was rereleased compiled under the name "The Lo Fibre Companion" (1998) on Invisible Records. Broadrick and Dalton would later play together in Jesu and release three albums together as Council Estate Electronics, an analog synthesizer project inspired by Shard End where they grew up in.

paragraph: Section::::History.:Solo releases.

paragraph: In 2009 Broadrick compiled some of the JK Flesh tracks he created from 1997 to 1999 in an album named "From Hell" released under the title Krackhead, but it wasn't until 2012 that he fully embarked on the project. In an interview, Broadrick estimated around 17,000 electronic tracks that had created between 1990 and 2012 and were sitting in his archives. Regarding JK Flesh's inception, Broadrick said:

paragraph: JK Flesh was also conceived as the antithesis of Broadrick's more melodically driven electronica project Pale Sketcher, with JK Flesh constituting "the angry, hateful, disenchanted side of [...] electronic beat-driven, bass-driven music". It is also an "electronic continuation" of Greymachine (his project with Aaron Turner from the band Isis), a "monolith of nasty, bloated sounding shit".

paragraph: As a project for Broadrick to fully explore niche areas of electronic and dub music, JK Flesh eschews many conventions that he and his listeners had become used to. The project's debut album, "Posthuman" (2012), still features heavily downtuned guitars, thick distortion, and a bleak mood–aspects all common in Broadrick's other music–but the beats are less industrial and more dance- and techno-oriented. The heavy guitars ultimately weren't his "long term [...] vision for [the] project" though, and were instead added based on the label's suggestion.

paragraph: JK Flesh's following releases ventured further into extreme distortion and drum and bass with the "Nothing Is Free" EP (2015) and the second album, "Rise Above" (2016). The EPs "Exit Stance" (2017) and "PI04" (2018) adopted a more purely techno sound. Following another EP in 2018 titled "Wasplike", JK Flesh's third studio album, "New Horizon", was released on 28 September 2018.

paragraph: Section::::Influences.

paragraph: Broadrick's electronic work was informed by the early rave parties he attended in the early 90s seeing Jeff Mills, Robert Hood, Plastikman and Aphex Twin as well as his friendship with fellow Brummie Karl O'Connor better known as Regis, the head of Downwards Records. Broadrick also went on to call Dillinja his "favorite producer of filthy bass and cutting breakbeats, absolutely direct, textures unlike any, the ultimate DnB producer". Broadrick has also credited Moritz von Oswald's dub techno projects Basic Channel and Maurizio as well as his record label Chain Reaction as a main influence on JK Flesh.

paragraph: JK Flesh's sound has also been compared to Andy Stott and Ancient Methods.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Studio albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Posthuman" (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rise Above" (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New Horizon" (2018)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Live albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Light Bringer" with Orphx (2019)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:EPs.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nothing Is Free" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Suicide Estate / Suicide Estate Antibiotic Armageddon" (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Exit Stance" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "PI04" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wasplike" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "In Your Pit" (2019)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Split releases.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Worship Is the Cleansing of the Imagination" with Prurient (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Black Market" / "Resist Stance" EP with Submerged and Blacktacular (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Knights of the Black Table" with Goth-Trad (2019)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Halved" with Klaska (2019)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Singles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nothing Is Free" (2016)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Other.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Submerged Technology" – album released as Solaris B.C. (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "From Hell" – album released as Krackhead (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "No Self Control" – track on the "A Disseminated Darkness on Inner Personality Status" compilation (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Need for Ritual" – unreleased track on the "Electric Deluxe 170" podcast (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Stranger" – unreleased track on the "Secret Thirteen 200" podcast (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Entitlement Issues" - track on the "Unrelenting Noise VA001" compilation (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "One Desire No Purpose" – unreleased track on the "Solid Steel" podcast (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Light Bringer" – collaborative track with Orphx on the "Berlin Atonal – Force Majeure" compilation (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dog (feat. JK Flesh)" and "Pray (feat. JK Flesh)" – bonus tracks on "Concrete Desert" by The Bug vs Earth (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Being" – track on the "Elephant Road" compilation (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Warning" – track on the "Music to Heal the Earth" compilation (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chelmsley Wood" – track on the "Variable" compilation (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Underpass (Weightless Version)" – track on the "Shared Meanings" mix/compilation by Mumdance (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Inquisition" – track on the "V.A. - 0.02" compilation (2019)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Static Demon" – track on the "Limits Of Existence Vol.4" compilation (2019)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Decontrol" – track on the "Berghain 09" mix/compilation by Vatican Shadow (2019)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "House Of Fun" – track on the "V.A. - 0.03" compilation (2019)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Simplicity Of Ignorance" – track on the "Against The Grain Vol2" compilation (2019)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Remixes.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Necessary Intergalactic Cooperation – "Big Smoke Dub" (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Final – "Inanimate Air (JK Flesh Remix)" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cloaks – "Rust On Metal (JK Flesh Remix)" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jesu – "Christmas (JK Flesh Remix)" (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Violetshaped – "cX31Ø (JK Flesh Reshape)" (2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- RA – "Paz Podre (JK Flesh Remix)" (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- AnD – "Non Sky Signal Noise (Justin Broadrick as JK Flesh Remix)" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Necessary – "Insisting on Racial Name Calling (JK Flesh Remix)" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Health – "Men Today (JK Flesh Remix)" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- These Hidden Hands – "Dendera Light (JK Flesh Remix)" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Survive – "Other (Justin K Broadrick as JK Flesh Remix)" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Addremove – "Crie (JK Flesh Remix)" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dead Fader – "FYI (JK Flesh Remix)" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Godflesh – "In Your Shadow (JK Flesh Reshape)" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- End Christian – "Altered for Concern (JK Flesh Mix)" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Phal:Angst – "The Books (JK Flesh Remix)" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pessimist – "New Age (JK Flesh Remix)" (2019)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Joe Mesmar – "Transistor Rhythm" (JK Flesh Extended Reshape) – two mixes (2019)

description: English musician

wikidata_label: JK Flesh

wikipedia_title: JK Flesh


text:
2014 Summer Youth Olympics
50-metre backstroke
100-metre backstroke
200-metre backstroke
100-metre butterfly
Pan Pacific Swimming Championships
2013 Canada Games

categories: Sportspeople from Newmarket, Ontario,Canadian female backstroke swimmers,1998 births,Swimmers at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics,Living people

paragraph: Danielle Hanus

paragraph: Danielle Hanus (born in March 16, 1998) is a Canadian youth swimmer who competes in the women's freestyle, backstroke, and individual medley competitions.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: She represented Canada at the finished 2014 Summer Youth Olympics in Nanjing, China, finishing 4th at the 50-metre backstroke, 7th at the 100-metre backstroke, 7th at the 200-metre backstroke and 13th at the 100-metre butterfly. Newmarket native, she also has represented Canada at the 2014 Junior Pan Pacific Swimming Championships and the 2014 Australian Youth tour. She started swimming at age four and At age six started competing with the Newmarket Stringrays, where she continues to train and compete. Her most memorable career highlight to date was beating the age group record in the 100-metre backstroke 2013 Canada Games.

paragraph: She swam for the newmarket stingrays

paragraph: Section::::Personal best times.

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://www.swimming.ca/Rankings.aspx?page=athleteDetail&athleteId=4451772

wikidata_label: Danielle Hanus

wikipedia_title: Danielle Hanus


text: swimmer

text: 2017 World Aquatics Championships

text: 2015 Pan American Games

text: Dubai

text: 2014 Commonwealth Games

text: 2014 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships

text: Canada's Olympic team

text: 2016 Summer Olympics

text: 2017 World Championships

text: United States

text: Canadians

text: Halifax, Nova Scotia

text: Quebec Major Junior Hockey League

text: Nova Scotia

text: Clearwater, Florida

text: Prince Edward Island

categories: Pan American Games medalists in swimming,Canadian female medley swimmers,Living people,World Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming,Pan American Games silver medalists for Canada,Naturalized citizens of Canada,Olympic swimmers of Canada,Swimmers at the 2016 Summer Olympics,Swimmers at the 2014 Commonwealth Games,Canadian female breaststroke swimmers,1997 births,People from Oldsmar, Florida,Swimmers at the 2015 Pan American Games

paragraph: Sydney Pickrem

paragraph: Sydney Pickrem (born May 21, 1997) is a Canadian swimmer who competes primarily in the individual medleys. Pickrem won a bronze medal in the 400 m individual medley at the 2017 World Aquatics Championships. At the 2015 Pan American Games, she won a silver in the 400 m and bronze in the 200 m individual medleys. Pickrem won her first international medal competing at the 2013 FINA World Junior Swimming Championships in Dubai, winning the bronze in the 200 m individual medley.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Sydney Pickrem made her first senior national team in 2014, winning bronze medals in the 200 m and 400 m individual medley at Canadian Swimming Trials to earn spots at the 2014 Commonwealth Games and 2014 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships.

paragraph: Pickrem, who specializes in the backstroke and individual medley, was selected to the 2012 Junior Pan Pacific Swimming Championships. In 2013, she represented Canada at the Australian Youth Olympic Festival in January where she won four medals: gold in the 200 m backstroke and 200 m IM, and silver in the 400 m IM and 200 m breaststroke. At the 4th FINA World Junior Swimming Championships in Dubai, Pickrem won a bronze in the 200 m IM.

paragraph: In 2016, she was officially named to Canada's Olympic team for the 2016 Summer Olympics where she performed admirably, finishing sixth as a 19 year old. Pickrem competed at the 2017 World Championships where she participated in both the 200 and 400 individual medleys. She qualified for the final with the third fastest time in the 200 m, putting her in the running for a medal. In the final Pickrem met with disappointment when she suddenly pulled out of the pool after the 50 m butterfly after apparently swallowing too much water. She bounced back and captured a bronze medal in the 400 m individual medley, setting a personal best in the process. After the race an emotional Pickrem said "As much as I felt like I disappointed Canada in my 200 IM, to come back and be able to get on the podium, it's just a relief and really exciting. I'm proud to be Canadian and do that for Canada."

paragraph: Section::::Personal.

paragraph: Pickrem has dual nationality having been born in the United States, her parents are both Canadians from Halifax, Nova Scotia. She comes from a sporting background as her father Darren Pickrem, played in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League. With roots in Nova Scotia, Pickrem also lists Clearwater, Florida as her hometown and Prince Edward Island as her favourite place to visit.

wikidata_label: Sydney Pickrem

wikipedia_title: Sydney Pickrem


text:
Major League Baseball
pitcher
Billings Mustangs
amateur draft
Chicago Cubs
Cincinnati Reds
Washington Nationals
free agent
Detroit Tigers
Rule 5 draft
Philadelphia Phillies
Kansas City Royals
waivers

categories: 1976 births,New Orleans Zephyrs players,Gulf Coast Cubs players,Omaha Royals players,People from Monroeville, Alabama,Louisville Bats players,Baseball players from Alabama,Kansas City Royals players,Major League Baseball pitchers,Columbus Clippers players,Cincinnati Reds players,Living people,African-American baseball players,Washington Nationals players

paragraph: Chris Booker (baseball)

paragraph: Christopher Scott Booker (born December 9, 1976) is a former Major League Baseball pitcher. He is currently the pitching coach for the Billings Mustangs.

paragraph: Booker was drafted in the 20th round of the amateur draft by the Chicago Cubs. He'd remain in the Cubs organization until the 2001 season where he was acquired by the Cincinnati Reds. Booker remained four years at the minor league level before making his major league debut in 2005. The Washington Nationals signed him as a free agent in November . The Detroit Tigers drafted him in the December 2005 Rule 5 draft and he was immediately purchased from the Tigers by the Philadelphia Phillies. The Kansas City Royals selected him off of waivers on May 12, 2006. In his only appearance with Kansas City on May 13, 2006, Booker gave up three home runs in an inning. Booker was then placed on the disabled list with a groin injury. He was returned to the Nationals by the Royals on July 14, 2006. Booker made a career high 10 appearances out of the Washington bullpen in 2006. He retired after the 2008 season.

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Chris Booker

wikipedia_title: Chris Booker (baseball)


text: Hispano

text: Swedish

text: botanist

text: Skirö

text: Vetlanda

text: Europe

text: Spain

text: Blanes

text: Karl Faust

text: Canary Islands

text: Tenerife

text: species

text: flora

text: José de Viera y Clavijo

text: Gran Canaria

text: Jardín Botánico Canario Viera y Clavijo

text: Tafira Alta

text: Las Palmas

text: car accident

text: botanical author abbreviation

text: species

text: Jardín Botánico Canario Viera y Clavijo

text: Biografía de Sventenius

categories: History of the Canary Islands,1910 births,Botanists with author abbreviations,1973 deaths,Swedish expatriates in Spain,Swedish botanists,Road incident deaths in Spain,Spanish botanists

paragraph: Eric Ragnor Sventenius

paragraph: Eric (Don Ericus) Ragnor Sventenius (born Erik Ragnar Svensson; also known simply as Eric (Erich, Enrico) Ragnor) (10 October 1910 — 23 June 1973) was a Hispano-Swedish botanist.

paragraph: Born in the small town of Skirö, Vetlanda, he studied in various universities across Europe. In Spain, he studied at the Marimurta Botanical Garden in Blanes which had been founded in 1920 by Karl Faust. In 1931, he traveled to the Canary Islands. In 1952, he began working at the Botanical Garden of Tenerife ("Jardín de Aclimatación de la Orotava"). He studied and cataloged unclassified Canarian species.

paragraph: Sventenius proposed creating a botanical garden dedicated to Canarian flora, continuing the work begun by José de Viera y Clavijo. At Gran Canaria, he founded Jardín Botánico Canario Viera y Clavijo in 1952 at Tafira Alta, c. 7 km southwest of Las Palmas. It opened its doors to the public in 1959.

paragraph: He worked as the garden's director until his death in 1973 in a car accident.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The standard botanical author abbreviation Svent. is applied to the species he described.

paragraph: Section::::Works by Sventenius.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gerhard Benl, Eric R. Sventenius: "Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Pteridophyten-Vegetation und-Flora in der Kanarischen Westprovinz (Tenerife, La Palma, Gomera, Hierro)" (aus: Nova Hedwigia 20, S. 413-462, 1970), Lehre: Cramer Vlg., 1970

paragraph: BULLET::::- E. R. Sventenius et D. Bramwell: "Acta phytotaxonomica Barcinonensia" ; Vol. 7 ; Heywoodiella genus novum, NBarcelona: Dep. de Botánica, Fac. de Ciencias, Univ. Autónoma, 1971

paragraph: BULLET::::- G. Kunkel y Sventenius: "Los Tiles de Moya. Enumeración florística y datos sobre el futuro parque natural", (Cuadernos de Botánica Canaria, 14/15: 71-89), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 1972

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ericus R. Sventenius: "Additamentum ad floram Canariensem", Matriti: Agronomiarum investigationem nationale hispanicum Inst. (Instituto nacional de investigaciones agronómicas), 1960

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Plantae macaronesiensis novae vel minus cognitae", in: Index Seminum Horti Acclimatationis Plantarum Arautapensi, 1968

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ericus R. Sventenius, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro de las Islas Canarias (Hrsg.): "Notas sobre la flora de las Cañadas de Tenerife", (Cuaderno/INIA; 78), p. 149-171, Madrid: Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro de las Islas Canarias, 1946

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ericus R. Sventenius, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrarias (España) (Hrsg.): "Contribución al conocimiento de la flora canaria",(Cuaderno/INIA; 79), p. 176-194, Madrid: Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro de las Islas Canarias, 1946

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ericus R. Sventenius, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro de las Islas Canarias (Hrsg.): "Plantas nuevas o poco conocidas de Tenerife", (Cuaderno/INIA; 111), p. 22-33, Madrid: Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro de las Islas Canarias, 1949

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ericus R. Sventenius, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro de las Islas Canarias (Hrsg.): "Specilegium canariense III", (Cuaderno/INIA; 125), Madrid: Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrarias, Centro de las Islas Canarias, 1950

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Additamentum ad Floram Canariensem" Svensson Sventenius, Eric R. 1960.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jardín Botánico Canario Viera y Clavijo

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biografía de Sventenius

paragraph: BULLET::::- Página oficial del Jardín Botánico Canario

paragraph: BULLET::::- Diversas informaciones sobre el Jardín Botánico Canario

paragraph: BULLET::::- Index Seminum 2004 del Jardín Botánico Canario

description: Hispano-Swedish botanist

wikidata_label: Eric Ragnor Sventenius

wikipedia_title: Eric Ragnor Sventenius


href: Kannada Kannada Veera%20Ballala%20II Jain tirthankara Anantanatha Kannada%20literature Kannada%20literature Adikavi%20Pampa Kesiraja Jain moksha mahout

text:
Kannada
Kannada
Veera Ballala II
Jain
tirthankara
Anantanatha
Kannada literature
Kannada literature
Adikavi Pampa
Kesiraja
Jain
moksha
mahout

wikipedia_title:
Kannada
Kannada
Veera Ballala II
Jainism
Tirthankara
Anantanatha
Kannada literature
Kannada literature
Adikavi Pampa
Kesiraja
Jainism
Moksha
Mahout

categories: History of Karnataka,Kannada poets,Poets from Karnataka,13th-century Indian poets,13th-century Indian Jain poets

paragraph: Janna

paragraph: Janna (Kannada : ಮಹಾಕವಿ ಜನ್ನ) was one of the well-known Kannada poets of the early 13th century who also served in the capacity of a minister and a builder of temples. He graced the court of Hoysala empire King Veera Ballala II and earned the title "Kavichakravarthi" ("Emperor among poets"). His noteworthy writings include "Yashodhara Charitre" (c.1209) which deals with Jain tenets, "Ananthnatha Purana" (c.1230) which deals with the teachings of the 14th Jain tirthankara, Anantanatha and a short piece called "Anubhava Mukura". Although all his works are known for the grace and style, "Yashodhara Charite" is his "magnum opus" and one of the classics of Kannada literature.

paragraph: Janna finds an important place in Kannada literature, though he is not as famous as Adikavi Pampa. He came from a family of celebrated Kannada writers; Mallikarjuna, the well known anthologist was his brother-in-law and Kesiraja the grammarian, was his nephew. Janna's style essentially belonged to the classical "marga" (mainstream) brand of Kannada writers and his works were primarily meant to propagate the Jain philosophy.

paragraph: Section::::Magnum opus.

paragraph: "Yashodhara Charite", an epic written in the "kandapadya" metre is a unique set of stories in 310 verses dealing with perverted sex and violence and contains cautionary morals on the issue of extreme desires. Inspired by the Sanskrit writing of the same name by Vadiraja, the Janna transcreates stories of king Yashodhara and his mother and their passing from one life to the next without attaining "moksha" (liberation from cycle of death and rebirth). In one of the stories, the king intends to perform a ritual sacrifice of two young boys to a local deity, Mariamma. Taking pity on the boys, the king releases them and gives up the practice of human sacrifice. In another story, the poet narrates the infatuation of the king for his friends wife. Having killed his friend, the king abducts the wife who however dies of grief. Overcome by repentance, he burns himself on the funeral pyre of the woman. The stories of infatuation reaches a peak when Janna narrates the attraction of Amrutamati, the queen, to the ugly mahout Ashtavakra, who pleases the queen with kicks and whip lashes—a story that has piqued the interest of modern research. To expiate the queen from her sinful act, King Yashodhara takes his mothers advice and decides to perform a symbolic sacrifice of a cock made of flour, to please the gods. But the cock comes to life and crows at its time of death. For committing the sin of violence, Yashodhara and his mother are reborn as animals. After much suffering, they are eventually born as the children of Yashodhara's son in their seventh rebirth. The writing powerfully narrates the consequences of passion gone awry and the terrible suffering it brings in human life.

paragraph: Section::::Other writings.

paragraph: Janna's "Anubhava Mukhura" is a treatise on erotics and the science of lovemaking, a topic that was well established as a genre of Kannada literature by his time.

description: Indian poet

wikidata_label: Janna

wikipedia_title: Janna


text:
Kinki
Kūkai
Fuseya Shigeta
Izumi Province
Settsu
daimyō
Mito
Tokugawa Mitsukuni
Man'yōshū
Kinoshita Chōshōshi
kokugaku
Kaozheng
empiricism
Buddhism
Shinto
Waji
Fujiwara no Teika
Hyakunin Isshu
Kaozheng
Kokugaku
Japanese poetry
Kada no Azumamaro
Kamo no Mabuchi
Motoori Norinaga
Hirata Atsutane

categories: Japanese Buddhists,People from Amagasaki,Japanese writers of the Edo period,1701 deaths,1640 births

paragraph: Keichū

paragraph: However, he disliked the worldly duties of his work and, after wandering around the Kinki region for a while, made his way back to Mount Kōya. Deeply influenced by the thinking of Kūkai, he also read widely in the Japanese classics under the patronage of Fuseya Shigeta (伏屋重賢), a patron of the arts in Izumi Province. After serving as chief priest at Myōhōji, Keichū spent his last years at Enju’an in Kōzu in the Province of Settsu.

paragraph: His prolific works set a new standard in the study of the classics, though building on recent revivals of interest in the subject. When the "daimyō" of Mito, Tokugawa Mitsukuni, decided to sponsor an edition of the Man'yōshū, he commissioned Shimonokōbe Chōryū, heir to the learning of the great poet and Man'yō expert Kinoshita Chōshōshi (木下長嘯子, 1569–1649), to undertake the project. However his dilatory approach, combined with illness, and finally death, impeded his work and the task fell to Keichū, a close friend. The result was the latter’s "Man'yō Daishōki" (万葉集大匠記, 1687–1690), which had a profound effect on kokugaku scholarship. In particular, applied methods borrowed from Chinese Kaozheng philology with rigid empiricism. He used this hermeneutic to philologically critique Buddhism and instead located Shinto as the indigenous Japanese religion.

paragraph: Similarly his "Waji Shōranshō" (1693: "A Treatise on the Proper way to Write Japanese Words") challenged the standard orthographical conventions set by Fujiwara no Teika and reconstructed distinctions in the old Japanese lexicon based on the earliest texts. In addition to these Keichū wrote the "Kōganshō" (厚顔抄 1691 "A Brazen-faced Treatise", the "Kokin Yozaishō", the "Seigodan", the "Genchū Shūi", and the "Hyakunin Isshu Kaikanshō".

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: Susan Burns. 2003. "Before the Nation." Duke University Press, pp. 49–52.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kaozheng

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kokugaku

paragraph: BULLET::::- Japanese poetry

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kada no Azumamaro

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kamo no Mabuchi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Motoori Norinaga

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hirata Atsutane

alias: Keichu Keichuu

description: Buddhist priest and scholar

wikidata_label: Keichū

wikipedia_title: Keichū


text:
Sumer
Lagash
high priest
Baranamtarra
Adab
Morgen
hectare
Urukagina
German Wikipedia

paragraph: Lugalanda

paragraph: Lugalanda (also Lugal-anda) was a Sumerian king of Lagash during the 24th century BC.

paragraph: Lugalanda was the son of the high priest of Lagash, who appointed him as king. At this time the high priests of Lagash were very influential, and either occupied the throne, or decided who should. The priests, especially the high priests, remained very influential during Lugalanda's reign.

paragraph: Lugalanda was married to Baranamtarra, the daughter of a great landowner who had commercial connections with the queen of Adab.

paragraph: All documents mentioning the reign of Lugalanda describe him as a wealthy and corrupt king. They say his reign was a time of great corruption and injustice against the weak. Inscriptions state that the king confiscated approximately 650 Morgen (up to 650 hectares) of land.

paragraph: After nine years in power, Lugalanda was overthrown by Urukagina.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The original text comes from German Wikipedia. It cites Helmut Uhlig: Die Sumerer. Lübbe, Bergisch-Gladbach 1992, S. 208 ff., 211. . (German)

description: Sumerian king of Lagash

wikidata_label: Lugalanda

wikipedia_title: Lugalanda


text: lady-in-waiting

text: Henry VIII of England

text: six wives

text: Catherine Parr

text: Sir Thomas Parr

text: Maud Green

text: sweating sickness

text: lady-in-waiting

text: Catherine of Aragon

text: Humanist

text: Joan Lluís Vives

text: Thomas More

text: ward

text: Henry

text: Anne Boleyn

text: Jane Seymour

text: Prince Edward

text: Jane Seymour

text: Anne of Cleves

text: Catherine Howard

text: adultery

text: Sir William Herbert

text: Sir Richard Herbert

text: William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke

text: Abbey of Wilton

text: Wiltshire

text: Wilton House

text: Cardiff Castle

text: Baynard's Castle

text: London

text: Henry

text: Hanworth

text: Lady Hertford

text: Syon House

text: Westminster

text: Hampton Court Palace

text: Boulogne

text: Anne Askew

text: Stephen Gardiner

text: Thomas Wriothesley

text: Richard Rich

text: Katherine Willoughby

text: Anne Stanhope

text: Anne Calthorpe

text: Edward VI

text: Thomas Seymour

text: Lord High Admiral

text: Mary Seymour

text: puerperal fever

text: peerage

text: Baron Herbert of Cardiff

text: Earl of Pembroke

text: Duke of Somerset

text: Wiltshire

text: Ramsbury

text: Bedwin Broil

text: New Forest

text: attainder

text: Sir Thomas Arundell

text: Wardour Castle

text: diocese of Winchester

text: Lady Mary

text: Earls of Pembroke

text: Montgomery

text: Carnarvon

text: Old St Paul's Cathedral

text: City of London

text: John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster

text: Latin

text: Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke

text: Catherine Grey

text: George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury

text: Mary Sidney

text: William

text: Philip

text: Pembroke

text: Sir Edward Herbert

text: William Herbert, 1st Baron Powis

text: George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury

text: Irish

text: actress

text: Suzy Lawlor

text: The Tudors

text: Catherine Howard

text: Tamzin Merchant

text: Catherine Parr

text: Joely Richardson

text: google books preview

categories: Herbert family,1552 deaths,Women of the Tudor period,16th-century English nobility,Burials at St Paul's Cathedral,1515 births,English ladies-in-waiting,16th-century English women,English countesses

paragraph: Anne Parr, Countess of Pembroke

paragraph: Anne Herbert, Countess of Pembroke, Baroness Herbert of Cardiff (15 June 1515 – 20 February 1552) was lady-in-waiting to each of Henry VIII of England's six wives. She was the younger sister of his sixth wife, Catherine Parr.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Anne was born on 15 June 1515 to Sir Thomas Parr and Maud Green. She was the youngest surviving child of five, having an older sister Catherine and brother William Parr, 1st Marquess of Northampton. In 1517, when she was two years old, her father died of the sweating sickness leaving her mother a widow at twenty-five, pregnant, and with the grave responsibility of guarding the inheritance of the Parr children. Maud Green was a lady-in-waiting and confidant to Catherine of Aragon. She was also head of the Royal school at court where Anne was educated alongside her sister Catherine and other daughters of the nobility. They were taught by the brilliant Humanist scholar Joan Lluís Vives who was the principal tutor at the Royal school. Anne would have been taught French, Latin, philosophy, theology, and the Classics. Maud Green had already taught her children to read and write when they were small. Anne herself later said that her education at home was based on the approach used in the family of Sir Thomas More where boys and girls were educated together; as was the case with the Parrs until her brother left home in 1525 to join the household of Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Richmond and Somerset.

paragraph: Section::::At court.

paragraph: Sometime in 1528, Maud Green secured her 13-year-old daughter, Anne, a post at Court as maid-of-honour to Queen Catherine of Aragon. Anne was then made a ward of King Henry. When Anne Boleyn was crowned queen in 1533, Anne Parr continued in the same capacity as maid-of-honour. She quickly succumbed to the spell of Queen Anne's charismatic personality and following the Queen's example, she became an ardent supporter of the New Faith. After Anne Boleyn's fall from power and subsequent execution, Anne remained at Court in the service of the new queen, Jane Seymour. Anne Parr served all of Henry VIII's queens from the mid-1530s, and is one of the few women to have been lady-in-waiting to all six. She was one of the few present at the baptism of Prince Edward on 15 October 1537 and was part of the funeral cortege of Jane Seymour.

paragraph: When King Henry took as his fourth wife Anne of Cleves, Anne returned to her role as maid-of-honour, which she remained in when Queen Anne was supplanted by Catherine Howard. Following Queen Catherine's arrest for adultery, Anne Parr was entrusted with the Queen's jewels.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage.

paragraph: In February 1538, Anne married Sir William Herbert, Esquire of the King's Body. Herbert was the son of Sir Richard Herbert, the illegitimate son of William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke. It is likely that Anne met her husband at court. It is not known whether or not the marriage was a love match, but both Anne and her sister Catherine had been attracted to dashing men of action who were slightly disreputable. The Herberts, due to King Henry's newly found infatuation for Catherine, appeared to be in the King's favour, as for the next few years Anne and her husband received a succession of Royal grants which included the Abbey of Wilton in Wiltshire (pulled down and built over for Wilton House in the 1540s), Remesbury (north Wiltshire), and Cardiff Castle. They also used Baynard's Castle as their London residence. Anne had three children by her husband: Henry, who succeeded his father; Edward Herbert; and Anne Herbert. For the birth of her second son, Anne's sister loaned her the manor of Hanworth in Middlesex for her lying in. After the birth, Anne visited Lady Hertford, who had also just given birth, at Syon House near Richmond. In August, the queen sent a barge to bring Anne by river from Syon back to Westminster.

paragraph: Section::::Queen's sister.

paragraph: Anne Parr was a witness to the wedding ceremony performed at Hampton Court Palace on 12 July 1543, when King Henry married her sister Catherine. In September 1544, William Herbert was knighted on the battlefield at the Siege of Boulogne during the King's campaign against the French. Anne was her sister's chief lady-in-waiting and the sisters were close. Anne was also part of the clique of Protestants who surrounded the new Queen. In 1546, fellow Protestant Anne Askew was arrested for heresy. Those who opposed the Queen tried to gain a confession from Askew that the Queen, her sister, and the other women were Protestants. Queen Catherine and some of her closest friends had previously shown favour to the arrested woman. Stephen Gardiner, Bishop of Winchester; Thomas Wriothesley; and Richard Rich were involved in torturing Anne Askew and interrogating her about her connections to the ladies at court who were suspected to be Protestants, in particular: Anne Parr; the Queen; Katherine Willoughby; Anne Stanhope; and Anne Calthorpe, Countess of Sussex. Gardiner and Wriothesley obtained the King’s permission to arrest and question the Queen about her religious beliefs.

paragraph: Catherine visited the King in his bedchamber and adroitly managed to persuade the King that her interest in the new religion had been undertaken solely as a means to provide stimulating conversation to distract the King from the pain caused by his ulcerous leg. Henry was appeased, and before the arrests were due to take place, he was reconciled to Catherine. On 28 January 1547, the King died. After Henry VIII's death, when the queen dowager's household was at Chelsea, both Anne and her son Edward were part of the household there. Her husband, William Herbert was appointed as one of the guardians to the new king, Edward VI. Catherine shortly afterward married Thomas Seymour, Lord Sudeley, Lord High Admiral of England, who was an uncle of King Edward. In September 1548, following the birth of a daughter, Mary Seymour, Catherine Parr died of puerperal fever.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: On 10 October 1551, Anne's husband was raised to the peerage as Baron Herbert of Cardiff and on 11 October 1551 was created Earl of Pembroke. In 1553 he received the disgraced Duke of Somerset's Wiltshire estates, including Ramsbury and a newly built mansion at Bedwin Broil, as well as extensive woodland on the borders of the New Forest. The Herberts had been friends of Somerset until he fell from favour. Herbert was also granted, on the attainder of Sir Thomas Arundell, Wardour Castle and park, and he obtained some property which had belonged to the diocese of Winchester. The Wardour property subsequently reverted to the Arundell family by exchange and purchase, but Pembroke's increase of wealth exceeded that of any of his colleagues.

paragraph: Anne died on 20 February 1552. At the time of her death, she was one of the ladies of the Lady Mary, the future Queen Mary I. William married as his second wife, Anne Talbot, but the marriage produced no children. Through her sons, Anne has many descendants, including the present-day Earls of Pembroke, Montgomery, and Carnarvon.

paragraph: Anne was buried on 28 February 1552 in the Old St Paul's Cathedral in the City of London, next to her ancestor John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster. Her husband died on 17 March 1570 and by his wish was also buried in St Paul's. Anne's memorial there described her in Latin as ""a most faithful wife, a woman of the greatest piety and discretion"."

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: Anne Parr and William Herbert had three children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (c. 1539–1601). On 21 May 1553, married Catherine Grey. The marriage was annulled in 1554. His second wife was Catherine Talbot, daughter of George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury. His third wife was Mary Sidney by whom he had children, including William and Philip, both of whom would accede to the Earldom of Pembroke.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Edward Herbert (1547–1595), married Mary Stanley, by whom he had issue including William Herbert, 1st Baron Powis.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Anne Herbert (1550–1592), married Francis, Lord Talbot, son of George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury. There is no known issue from this marriage.

paragraph: Section::::Depictions in television and film.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anne Parr ("Lady Herbert") was depicted by Irish actress, Suzy Lawlor in the fourth and final season of "The Tudors". In the programme she is a lady-in-waiting to Queen Catherine Howard (Tamzin Merchant) and chief maid-of-honor to her sister, Queen Catherine Parr (Joely Richardson).

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- google books preview

description: English countess

wikidata_label: Anne Herbert, Countess of Pembroke

wikipedia_title: Anne Parr, Countess of Pembroke


text: Vught

text: the Netherlands

text: COBRA

text: Pop Art

text: Jan-Hein Arens Official Website

text: Article on fine art site Xamou Art

categories: Dutch artists,Dutch male painters,Dutch painters,Living people,1974 births

paragraph: Jan-Hein Arens

paragraph: Jan-Hein Arens (Vught, the Netherlands, born September 23, 1974) is a Dutch painter, sculptor and illustrator. He attended the Grafische School Eindhoven from 1992–1996, where he was educated in Graphic Design and illustration. Arens is heavily influenced by COBRA (a European art movement active around 1950), Pop Art and the drawings of his seven-year-old daughter.

paragraph: The work of Arens concentrates on basic human needs and emotions, and by adding different, often strange elements, or placing them out of context the spectator is forced to make up his/her own reason or meaning for the work. Humor and alienation are also common elements in Arens’ work.

paragraph: Section::::Technique.

paragraph: Arens' paintings and cast concrete sculptures are usually built up from layers. Often realistic drawings of body parts, such as eyes or mouths, are superimposed onto a base layer of geometric figures. The work is then augmented with thick black lines, text, and paint thrown directly onto the canvas.

paragraph: Arens' work is notable for combining realistic casual elements with action painting and thick black, drawing like lines. In this way, Pop Art and COBRA are mixed together to create a hierarchy of importance. Elements that are not important at all can even be replaced by plain text.

paragraph: In the Netherlands, Arens is referred to as an artist who still works in the spirit of . Arens had shows in galleries in the Netherlands, Canada and France.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jan-Hein Arens Official Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article on fine art site Xamou Art

paragraph: BULLET::::- Book review on fine art portal Xamou Art

description: Dutch painter

wikidata_label: Jan-Hein Arens

wikipedia_title: Jan-Hein Arens


text:
photographer
Youngsville, Pennsylvania
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Layton School of Art
Houghton College
Youngsville, Pennsylvania
Houghton College
Pittsburgh
Frank Lloyd Wright
Capital punishment in Wisconsin
Milwaukee
Yousuf Karsh
Julia Margaret Cameron
Henri Cartier-Bresson
Emily Dickinson
darkroom
Jimmy Stewart
Tallulah Bankhead
Joseph McCarthy
Life (magazine)
DuPont
pictorial
Marquette University
Milwaukee Art Museum
Layton School of Art
Larry Clark
Sue Bartfield
National Council on Aging
Milwaukee Institute of Art and Design
Brady Street Pharmacy
Milwaukee
Milwaukee Art Museum
Tom Bamberger

categories: Artists from Milwaukee,2002 deaths,1918 births,20th-century American photographers,People from Warren County, Pennsylvania

paragraph: Walter Sheffer

paragraph: Walter S. Sheffer (August 7, 1918 – July 14, 2002) was an American photographer and teacher, born in Youngsville, Pennsylvania. He moved to Milwaukee, Wisconsin in 1945 to work at the studio of John Platz, Milwaukee's main society photographer. When Platz retired, Sheffer inherited his clientele and was able to establish his own "look" and very successful portrait studio by 1953. He also taught advanced portraiture at the Layton School of Art from 1952 to 1970.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: After attending Houghton College, where he studied history with plans to be a lawyer, Sheffer returned to his hometown of Youngsville, Pennsylvania to teach high school history. He often lectured against war in his class room as World War II escalated. Working for the college year book at Houghton College exposed him to photography and lead him to leave teaching to work as a photographer for a department store in Pittsburgh. He later answered a newspaper ad for a photographer in Wisconsin because he admired the work of Wisconsin architect Frank Lloyd Wright and respected that Capital punishment in Wisconsin was abolished in 1853. He moved to Milwaukee in 1945 without "knowing a soul" to work for the prominent society portraitist John Platz. Inspired by the artistic achievements of Yousuf Karsh, Julia Margaret Cameron, Henri Cartier-Bresson, and Emily Dickinson, Sheffer approached portraiture in a poetic and artistic manner working to get close in order to isolate the subject. Using a handheld 35 mm camera, natural side lighting and dramatic darkroom techniques, the portraits he generated out of his own Jefferson Street studio were known as having the "Sheffer look". His portraits of Milwaukee's mid-century social elite, artists and architecture earned him the title "Photographer of Photographers" from the Wisconsin Professional Photographers Association in 1955. His clients included actor Jimmy Stewart, comedian Tallulah Bankhead, and politician Joseph McCarthy who he photographed for Life (magazine). He created the "Portraits of Men" series in the mid-1950s for DuPont, a manufacturer of photographic film and paper, which was destroyed in a fire at his studio. He was president of the Milwaukee Photo Pictorialists and the "Darlot Club" which he once described as the "self-appointed ten best photographers in Wisconsin." The groups favored pictorial style soft focus lenses, and deep shadows in prints. He photographed theater productions extensively for Marquette University from 1955-1968 where many of his works are preserved in a photographic archive. Several of his portraits are also held in the collection of the Milwaukee Art Museum.

paragraph: Sheffer photographed Victorian building facades and architectural fragments for the "Heritage Milwaukee: The Esthetics of the City" exhibition organized by and exhibited at the Milwaukee Art Center April 2-May 10, 1964. Director Tracy Atkinson wrote of Sheffer, "A city is fortunate to have a chronicler with so perceptive an eye. A long-time Milwaukee resident, Sheffer is among that small group of people in love with the face of the city, and he is, in addition, an artist acutely sensitive to its many moods and its slightest changes of expression."

paragraph: Among his most notable students at the Layton School of Art, where he taught from 1952–1970, was photographer/film maker Larry Clark who often named Sheffer as an early artistic influence and once described him as "the society photographer in town, but he was very hip."

paragraph: Section::::Late career.

paragraph: After years of decreased activity due to personal strife in the 1970s and early 1980s, Sheffer gained national attention in the mid-1980s for his "Faces of Aging" photographic series. Thirty-five dramatic black-and-white portraits of his fellow residents at the River Hills East Health Care Center on Milwaukee's east side became an inspiring, travelling exhibition. The display travelled from Milwaukee to Newport Beach, San Diego, Chicago, Washington DC and Seattle. Together with Milwaukee artist Sue Bartfield, who worked with him on the project, he was honored in 1985 by the National Council on Aging in Washington D.C. for this work.

paragraph: Sheffer remained engaged with art, music, poetry and ideas throughout his life. He often attended gallery and museum openings and presented lectures on his life's work at Milwaukee Institute of Art and Design where he once told students: "Photography will change your life. After you photograph, you notice the light and it exposes you to beauty." His circle of friends gathered daily at the Brady Street Pharmacy in Milwaukee to discuss art and recent events. Former Milwaukee Art Museum photography curator Tom Bamberger described Sheffer as "the center of intellectual life" in Milwaukee. Sheffer continued to photograph friends and maintained a flower garden on the roof top of Christopher Street East Health Care Center until his death.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- James Auer and Fanny White. "Photographer Sheffer helped others to open eyes", Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, July 15, 2002.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Joy Gross Berman and Tracy Atkinson. "Heritage-Milwaukee", Arrow Press, Milwaukee, March 1964.

description: photographer

wikidata_label: Walter Sheffer

wikipedia_title: Walter Sheffer


text:
Christian
martyr
Roman Catholic
Eastern Orthodox
Cilicia
Anazarbus
Roman
Province of that name

categories: 3rd-century Christian martyrs,286 deaths,Saints from Roman Anatolia

paragraph: Domnina of Anazarbus

paragraph: Saint Domnina is venerated as a Christian martyr by the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches. According to tradition, she was a native of Cilicia who was imprisoned at Anazarbus and repeatedly beaten on the order of the Roman prefect Lysias (or Licius). She was then burned with fire. She died in prison.

paragraph: According to one source, “The Roman Martyrologist must have used a corrupt manuscript in which Lycia was substituted for Lysias, as he places St. Domnina’s martyrdom in the Province of that name.”

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.santiebeati.it/dettaglio/90475

description: Christian martyr

wikidata_label: Domnina of Anazarbus

wikipedia_title: Domnina of Anazarbus


text:
MOBO
Honeyz
Misteeq
911
Louise
Lulu
Alex Parks
Moya Brennan
RyanDan
Will Martin
Connie Talbot
Fame Academy 2
Celebrity Fame Academy
Good Morning Britain
Daybreak
Lorraine
Inside Out
Toughest Place To Be A...
Sunday Morning Live
Setanta Sports
2010 Vancouver Winter Olympics
FIFA

categories: Musicians from London,1969 births,English songwriters,English keyboardists,Living people

paragraph: Rob May

paragraph: Rob May (born 15 February 1969, in London) is a musician, songwriter and record producer.

paragraph: May co-founded and toured with Beehive, who won a MOBO Best Gospel Act award in 1997 for their self-produced album, "Brand New Day".

paragraph: He has played keyboards for a number of acts including Honeyz, Misteeq, 911, Louise and Lulu. Production and mix credits include Alex Parks, Moya Brennan, RyanDan, Will Martin and Connie Talbot.

paragraph: As well as producing music for "Fame Academy 2" and "Celebrity Fame Academy", other TV writing and production credits include: "Good Morning Britain", "Daybreak", "Lorraine", "Inside Out", CNN, "When Jordan met Peter", "Toughest Place To Be A...", "Sunday Morning Live", "Janet Saves The Monarchy" and "Wogan Now & Then". He has also written and produced the theme tunes for Setanta Sports' Premiership, FA Cup and World Cup 2010 Football programmes. He has composed and produced the audio branding for FIFA Women's World Cup 2015, Guinness ICC, Jeem TV, Setanta Sports, Forces TV, NRT and Associated Press. He has composed and produced the Official Broadcast Theme for the 2010 Vancouver Winter Olympics called "City of Ice". In 2011, he produced and re-arranged the official FIFA anthem. Recently he has composed the official UEFA theme for the European Qualifiers and the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup

description: British musician

wikidata_label: Rob May

wikipedia_title: Rob May


text:
Réhon
Metz
École Normale Supérieure
Le Temps
Academie Francaise
Longwy
Meurthe-et-Moselle
Assemblee Nationale
Nancy
Jarny
Paul Paruta
Shakespeare
Dante
Pétrarque
Goethe
Académie française

categories: Members of the 7th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic,Senators of Meurthe-et-Moselle,French literary historians,Historians of French literature,People from Meurthe-et-Moselle,Members of the 6th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic,19th-century French historians,École Normale Supérieure alumni,1915 deaths,Historians of English literature,1826 births,19th-century French journalists,Members of the 4th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic,Politicians from Grand Est,French republicans,Members of the 3rd Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic,French Senators of the Third Republic,Members of the Ligue de la patrie française,Members of the Académie française,Members of the 5th Chamber of Deputies of the French Third Republic

paragraph: Alfred Mézières

paragraph: Alfred Jean François Mézières (19 November 1826, in Réhon – 10 October 1915, in Réhon) was a French journalist, politician and historian of literature.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Alfred Mézières was educated at Metz College and the École Normale Supérieure. He became a teacher at the French School of Athens, and later in Toulouse. He taught foreign literature at the University of Nancy in 1854, and was appointed professor of foreign literature at the Sorbonne in 1861.

paragraph: In 1864, he co-founded the newspaper Le Temps. He served as an army officer in the Franco-Prussian war of 1870. He published studies on Shakespeare, Petrarch, Dante and Goethe and was elected to the Academie Francaise on January 29, 1874.

paragraph: In 1874, he entered politics representing Longwy on the General Council of Meurthe-et-Moselle, serving as President of the Council twice, 1889 - 1892 and 1898 - 1906. He was elected to the Assemblee Nationale as the deputy of Meurthe-et-Moselle in 1881 and served until 1898. In 1900, he was elected senator for Meurthe-et-Moselle and in 1906, he became vice president of the Senate army commission.

paragraph: In September 1914, the German army occupied Meziere’s house in Rehon and held him hostage. On October 3, 1915, he was finally allowed to leave in exchange for a German prisoner, but he died on October 10, 1915.

paragraph: The rue Alfred Mezieres and four nearby schools in Nancy are named after him, as is the College Alfred Mezieres in Jarny.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "De Fluminibus inferorum, thesim proponebat Facultati litterarum parisiensi" (1853)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Étude sur les œuvres politiques de Paul Paruta" (1853)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mémoires sur le Pélion et l'Ossa" (1853)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Description de la Laconie" (1853)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Shakespeare, ses œuvres et ses critiques" (1860)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Prédécesseurs et contemporains de Shakespeare" (1863)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Contemporains et successeurs de Shakespeare" (1864)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Jubilé de Shakespeare, souvenirs de Stratford-sur-Avon" (1864)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dante et l'Italie nouvelle" (1865)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pétrarque" (1868)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Société française : le paysan, l'ouvrier, la bourgeoisie ; l'aristocratie ; les femmes, études morales sur le temps présent" (1869)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Siège de Strasbourg en 1870" (1870)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Récits de l'invasion : Alsace et Lorraine" (1871)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "W. Goethe : Les œuvres expliquées par la vie" (1872-1873)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Éducation morale et instruction civique à l'usage des écoles primaires" (1883)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "En France, XVIIIe et XIXe siècles" (1883)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hors de France. Italie, Espagne, Angleterre, Grèce moderne" (1883, 1907)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Collège Sainte-Barbe et les réformes universitaires" (1885)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Morale et patrie, lectures à l'usage des écoles primaires" (1885)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vie de Mirabeau" (1892)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Morts et vivants" (1897)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Au temps passé" (1906)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hommes et femmes d'hier et d'avant-hier" (1907)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Silhouettes de soldats" (1907)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "De tout un peu" (1909)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sites délaissés d'Orient" (1911)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ultima verba" (1914)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Académie française

description: French journalist, historian and politician

wikidata_label: Alfred Mézières

wikipedia_title: Alfred Mézières


text:
Yerevan
Armenian SSR
Soviet
diver
Armenia
Honoured Master of Sports of the USSR
1980 Summer Olympics
Sports-Reference.com

categories: Sportspeople from Yerevan,Olympic divers of the Soviet Union,Olympic silver medalists for the Soviet Union,1966 births,Armenian female divers,Divers at the 1980 Summer Olympics,Olympic medalists in diving,Soviet Armenians,Living people

paragraph: Sirvard Emirzyan

paragraph: Sirvard Emirzyan (, born 5 June 1966 in Yerevan, Armenian SSR) is a former Soviet diver of Armenian descent. She was awarded the Honoured Master of Sports of the USSR title in 1980.

paragraph: Sirvard started to practice diving in 1972 under the teaching of Basil Kuvshinkina. She became a Champion of the USSR in 1979 in the pole five-meter platform, and in 1980, finished Second in the same discipline. Emirzyan, a schoolgirl at the time, competed at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow as the youngest athlete on the USSR Olympic team. At the age of 14, she won an Olympic silver medal on the 10 meter platform.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sports-Reference.com

description: Olympic diver

wikidata_label: Sirvard Emirzyan

wikipedia_title: Sirvard Emirzyan


text:
German
diver
1968 Summer Olympics
1972 Summer Olympics

categories: 1947 births,Living people,Olympic divers of East Germany,Divers at the 1972 Summer Olympics,Divers at the 1968 Summer Olympics,German male divers

paragraph: Lothar Matthes

paragraph: Lothar Matthes (born 23 July 1947) is a German former diver who competed in the 1968 Summer Olympics and in the 1972 Summer Olympics.

description: Olympic diver

wikidata_label: Lothar Matthes

wikipedia_title: Lothar Matthes


text:
political activist
Puerto Rican Nationalist Party
Cadets of the Republic
Puerto Rican Nationalist Party revolts
La Fortaleza
Governor of Puerto Rico
San Juan
Luis Muñoz Marín
barrio
Carraízo
Trujillo Alto, Puerto Rico
Pedro Albizu Campos
José Coll y Cuchí
Great Depression
independence movement
University of Puerto Rico
José de Diego
Juan Antonio Corretjer
Clemente Soto Vélez
sedition
Title 18 of the United States Code
United States Code
penal code
federal government of the United States
federal crime
criminal procedure
Palm Sunday
Ponce
Ponce massacre
José Tormos Diego
governor of Puerto Rico
Blanton Winship
Franklin D. Roosevelt
La Borinqueña
Tomás López de Victoria
José N. Gándara
Atlanta
Robert A. Cooper
Franklin D. Roosevelt
FBI
Jesús T. Piñero
Puerto Rican flag
Peñuelas
Mayagüez
Naranjito
Arecibo
Ponce
Utuado
Jayuya
San Juan, Puerto Rico
La Fortaleza
Plymouth
submachine gun
Nelson Antonio Denis
List of Puerto Ricans
List of revolutions and rebellions
Cadets of the Republic
Ramón Emeterio Betances
Mathias Brugman
Francisco Ramírez Medina
Manuel Rojas
Segundo Ruiz Belvis
Antonio Valero de Bernabé
María de las Mercedes Barbudo
Lola Rodríguez de Tió
Mariana Bracetti
Pedro Albizu Campos
José S. Alegría
Casimiro Berenguer
Rafael Cancel Miranda
José Coll y Cuchí
Oscar Collazo
Juan Antonio Corretjer
Carmelo Delgado Delgado
Tomás López de Victoria
Hugo Margenat
Francisco Matos Paoli
Vidal Santiago Díaz
Daniel Santos
Clemente Soto Vélez
Griselio Torresola
Antonio Vélez Alvarado
Carlos Vélez Rieckehoff
Teófilo Villavicencio Marxuach
Julia de Burgos
Blanca Canales
Rosa Collazo
Lolita Lebrón
Isabel Rosado
Isabel Freire de Matos
Ruth Mary Reynolds
Isolina Rondón
Olga Viscal Garriga
Puerto Rican Nationalist Party
Ponce massacre
Río Piedras massacre
Puerto Rican Independence Party
Grito de Lares
Intentona de Yauco

categories: People from Trujillo Alto, Puerto Rico,Imprisoned Puerto Rican independence activists,Puerto Rican activists,Members of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party,Puerto Rican people of Spanish descent,1906 births,Puerto Rican Nationalist Party politicians,1950 deaths

paragraph: Raimundo Díaz Pacheco

paragraph: Raimundo Díaz Pacheco (1906-October 30, 1950) was a political activist and the Treasurer General of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party. He was also commander-in-chief of the Cadets of the Republic, the official youth organization within the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party. This quasi-military organization was also known as the "Ejército Libertador de Puerto Rico" (The Liberation Army of Puerto Rico).

paragraph: On October 30, 1950, a series of revolts occurred in scattered locations in Puerto Rico in opposition to U.S. colonial rule. These were known as the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party revolts. On that day of October 30, Díaz Pacheco led an armed attack on La Fortaleza, the residence of the Governor of Puerto Rico in San Juan, with the intent to assassinate Governor Luis Muñoz Marín. Díaz Pacheco was shot dead in the unsuccessful attempt.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Díaz Pacheco was born in the barrio of Carraízo in the municipality of Trujillo Alto, Puerto Rico, where he received his primary and secondary education. Díaz Pacheco and his five siblings were believers in the cause of Puerto Rican independence and, in 1924, joined the Nationalist Party of Puerto Rico.

paragraph: 1924 was also the year that Dr. Pedro Albizu Campos joined the party and was named vice-president. By 1930, there were disagreements between José Coll y Cuchí, founder of the Nationalist Party, and Albizu Campos as to how the party should be run. Coll y Cuchi and his followers abandoned the party and on May 11, 1930, Albizu Campos was elected president.

paragraph: Under Albizu Campos's leadership during the years of the Great Depression, the party became the largest independence movement in Puerto Rico. However, by the mid-1930s, after disappointing electoral results and strong repression by the territorial police authorities, Albizu Campos opted against electoral participation and advocated direct, violent revolution.

paragraph: Section::::Cadets of the Republic.

paragraph: In the 1920s, there was a non-political student organization in the University of Puerto Rico called "Patriotas Jovenes" (Young Patriots). By the 1930s, the members of this organization were influenced by the teachings of Albizu Campos. They adopted the Nationalist Party's independence ideals, and dismissed any student who would not swear allegiance to them. The organization was renamed Cadetes de la Republica (Cadets of the Republic) and Joaquin Rodriguez, a Nationalist, was placed in charge.

paragraph: Díaz Pacheco and his brother Faustino were active members of the cadets. The organization became the official youth branch of the Nationalist Party. In accordance with the beliefs of Albizu Campos, organization and discipline were considered the keys to victory, in the struggle for Puerto Rico's independence. Cadets were required to wear a uniform of white pants and gloves, and everything else - the shirt, tie, belt, boots, military cap - was black. Officers wore a white jacket over the black shirt and tie, and a white officer's cap.

paragraph: The cadets were divided into companies, each of which represented a different town in Puerto Rico. They were all required to participate in local and national acts, such as the celebration of José de Diego's birthday. All of the cadets received military training which included marching, field tactics, self-defense and survival.

paragraph: Section::::Ponce massacre.

paragraph: On April 3, 1936, a Federal Grand Jury submitted accusations against Pedro Albizu Campos, Juan Antonio Corretjer, Luis F. Velázquez, Clemente Soto Vélez, Erasmo Velázquez, Julio H. Velázquez, Rafael Ortiz Pacheco, Juan Gallardo Santiago, and Pablo Rosado Ortiz. They were charged with sedition and other violations of Title 18 of the United States Code. Title 18 of the United States Code is the criminal and penal code of the federal government of the United States. It deals with federal crimes and criminal procedure.

paragraph: On March 21, 1937, a Palm Sunday, the cadets were to participate in a peaceful march scheduled in the city of Ponce. The march had been organized by the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party to commemorate the ending of slavery in Puerto Rico by the governing Spanish National Assembly in 1873. The march was also protesting the imprisonment, by the U.S. government, of Nationalist leader Albizu Campos on alleged sedition charges. Díaz Pacheco, who by then was the "Comandante" (Commander) of the Cadets of the Republic, and his brother Faustino were present when this peaceful march turned into the bloody police slaughter, which became known as the Ponce massacre.

paragraph: Several days before the scheduled Palm Sunday march, the organizers received legal permits for a peaceful protest from José Tormos Diego, the mayor of Ponce. However, upon learning of the planned protest, the colonial governor of Puerto Rico at the time, General Blanton Winship (who had been appointed by US president Franklin D. Roosevelt) demanded the immediate withdrawal of the permits.

paragraph: Without notice to the organizers, or any opportunity to appeal, or any time to arrange an alternate venue, the permits were abruptly withdrawn just before the protest was scheduled to begin.

paragraph: As "La Borinqueña," Puerto Rico's national song, was being played, the demonstrators - which included the cadets, led by Tomás López de Victoria, the Captain of Ponce branch and the women's branch of the Nationalist Party known as the "Hijas de la Libertad" (Daughters of Freedom) - began to march. Empowered by the North American police chief, and encouraged by the governor, the police fired for over 15 minutes from four different positions. The fired with impunity on cadets and bystanders alike - killing men, women and children.

paragraph: The flag-bearer of the cadets was shot and killed during the massacre. A young girl by the name of Carmen Fernández proceeded to take the flag, but was shot and gravely injured. A young cadet by the name of Bolívar Márquez, despite being mortally wounded, dragged himself to a wall and wrote with his blood the following message before he succumbed to his wounds:

paragraph: Nineteen people were killed, and about 235 were wounded. The dead included 17 men, one woman, and a seven-year-old girl. Some of the dead were demonstrators, while others were simply passers-by. Many were chased by the police and shot or clubbed at the entrance of their houses as they tried to escape. Others were taken from their hiding places and killed. Leopold Tormes, a member of the Puerto Rico legislature, told reporters how a policeman murdered a nationalist with his bare hands. Dr. José N. Gándara, one of the physicians who assisted the wounded, testified that wounded people running away were shot, and that many were again wounded by the clubs and bare fists of the police. No arms were found in the hands of the civilians wounded, nor on the dead ones. About 150 of the demonstrators were arrested immediately afterward; they were later released on bail.

paragraph: On June 7, 1937, Albizu Campos and the other leaders of the Nationalist Party were transferred to the Federal Penitentiary in Atlanta, by order of federal judge Robert A. Cooper. The next day, Díaz Pacheco participated in an assassination attempt on Judge Cooper, in retaliation for Cooper's rigging the jury with ten North Americans and only two Puerto Ricans, and for sentencing the Nationalist leadership to long prison terms. Díaz Pacheco together with nine other Nationalists were arrested and accused of attempting against the life of Judge Cooper. U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt became involved when on October 22, 1937, he signed Executive Order Number 7731 designating Martin Travieso, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Puerto Rico, to perform and discharge the duties of Judge of the District Court of the United States for Puerto Rico in the trial against the Nationalists. Thereby, permitting judge Cooper to serve as a Government witness. Díaz Pacheco and his comrades were found guilty of the charges against them and were imprisoned.

paragraph: Section::::Puerto Rico's Gag Law (Law 53).

paragraph: After Díaz Pacheco was released from prison, he resumed his role as Commander of the Cadets. Unbeknownst to him, his brother Faustino had abandoned the Nationalist Party in 1939, and had turned into an informant for the FBI.

paragraph: Albizu Campos returned to Puerto Rico in 1947, after having been incarcerated for 10 years in Atlanta. Díaz Pacheco and the cadets were among those who greeted him. Albizu Campos named Díaz Pacheco Treasurer General of the party. Thus, Díaz Pacheco now served as both "Comandante" (Commander) of the Cadets of the Republic, and as Treasurer General of the party. As Treasurer General he was responsible for all the funds received by the municipal treasurers of the party.

paragraph: On May 21, 1948, the Puerto Rican legislature, which was presided over by Luis Muñoz Marín approved Law 53. The law which is also known as "Ley de la Mordaza" or "Puerto Rico's Gag Law" was signed into law on June 10, 1948 by the U.S.- appointed governor Jesús T. Piñero. The law's main objective was to suppress the independence movement in Puerto Rico. The law made it a crime to own or display a Puerto Rican flag, to sing a patriotic tune, to speak or write of independence, or meet with anyone, or hold any assembly, with regard to the political status of Puerto Rico.

paragraph: Section::::Puerto Rican Nationalist Party revolts of the 1950s.

paragraph: Various incidents between the government and the party led to call for an armed revolt by the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party against United States Government rule over Puerto Rico.

paragraph: The revolts specifically repudiated the so-called "Free Associated State" ("Estado Libre Asociado") designation of Puerto Rico - a designation that the nationalist considered a colonial farce.

paragraph: The revolts began on October 30, 1950, upon the orders of Nationalist leader Albizu Campos, with uprisings in various towns, among them Peñuelas, Mayagüez, Naranjito, Arecibo and Ponce. The most notable uprisings occurred in Utuado, Jayuya, and San Juan, Puerto Rico.

paragraph: Section::::San Juan Nationalist revolt.

paragraph: Díaz Pacheco was in charge of the San Juan revolt. The objective of the revolt was to assassinate the Governor of Puerto Rico Luis Muñoz Marín, at his residence "La Fortaleza."

paragraph: Early in the morning of October 30, Nationalists Domingo Hiraldo Resto, Carlos Hiraldo Resto, Gregorio Hernández and Manuel Torres Medina met at the house of Díaz Pacheco, in the San Juan sector of Martín Peña. At 11 A.M., they boarded a green Plymouth and headed towards Old San Juan. The men arrived at "La Fortaleza" at noon and stopped their car 25 feet from their objective's main entrance They got out of the car with a submachine gun and pistols in hand and immediately began firing at the mansion. Díaz Pacheco headed towards the mansion while the others took cover close to their car, and fired pistols from their positions.

paragraph: The "Fortaleza" guards and police, who "knew" of the planned attack thanks to a double agent name E. Rivera Orellana, were already in defensive positions and returned fire.

paragraph: Díaz Pacheco aimed his sub machine gun fire at the second floor of the mansion, where the executive offices of Governor Muñoz Marín were located. During the firefight Díaz Pacheco wounded two police officers, Isidoro Ramos and Vicente Otero Díaz, before he was killed by "Fortaleza" guard Carmelo Dávila.

paragraph: Meanwhile, the police continued to fire upon the other Nationalists. Domingo Hiraldo Resto was seriously wounded, but despite his wounds he dragged himself towards the mansions entrance. He was able to reach the mansions main door and once there he was motionless and appeared to be dead. He suddenly turned and sat on the steps and with his hands held up pleaded for mercy, his pleas however, were answered with a fusillade of gunfire.

paragraph: Hernández, who was also severely wounded, continued firing at the police from under his car. A police officer and a detective from "La Fortaleza" with submachine guns approached the car and fired upon Hernández, Carlos Hiraldo Resto and Torres Medina. Both Carlos Hiraldo Resto and Torres Medina were killed, and their motionless bodies were by the right side of the car.

paragraph: Hernández was believed to be dead, however he wasn't, and he was taken to the local hospital along with the wounded police officers where they were operated on for their respective wounds. The battle lasted 15 minutes and at the end of the battle there were five nationalist casualties (four dead and one wounded) plus three wounded police officers.

paragraph: E. Rivera Orellana, a sixth "Nationalist" who later turned out to be an undercover agent, was arrested near "La Fortaleza" and later released.

paragraph: Section::::Aftermath.

paragraph: The revolt failed because of the overwhelming force used by the US military and Puerto Rican police forces against the Nationalists. Hundreds of Nationalists were arrested and the party was never the same. Law 53, the Gag Law (or "La Ley de la Mordaza" as it is known in Puerto Rico), was repealed in 1957. In 1964, David M. Helfeld wrote in his article "Discrimination for Political Beliefs and Associations" that Law 53 was written with the explicit intent of eliminating the leaders of the Nationalist and other pro-independence movements, and to intimidate anyone who might follow them - even if their speeches were reasonable and orderly, and their activities were peaceful.

paragraph: Section::::Betrayal by his own brother.

paragraph: According to the "FBI Files: Nationalist Party of Puerto Rico (1952)," Díaz Pacheco's brother Faustino cooperated with the FBI, and was one of their primary informants regarding the Nationalist Party, the Cadets of the Republic, and the entire Puerto Rican revolution.

paragraph: For nearly twenty years, Faustino Díaz Pacheco provided the FBI with detailed information about the structure, funding, leadership, weapons, recruitment activity, and strategic planning of the Nationalist Party and the Cadets of the Republic. In providing the FBI this information Faustino betrayed his own brother, the Nationalist movement, and the people of Puerto Rico.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "El Ataque Nacionalista a La Fortaleza" (Spanish); author; Gregorio Hernandez Rivera; Publisher: Publicaciones Rene (January 2007);

paragraph: BULLET::::- "America's Colony: The Political and Cultural Conflict between the United States and Puerto Rico" (Critical America (New York University Hardcover)); author: Pedro A Malavet; Publisher: NYU Press;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "War Against All Puerto Ricans: Revolution and Terror in America’s Colony"; Author: Nelson Antonio Denis; Publisher: Nation Books (April 7, 2015); .

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Puerto Ricans

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of revolutions and rebellions

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cadets of the Republic

paragraph: 19th Century male leaders of the Puerto Rican Independence Movement

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ramón Emeterio Betances

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mathias Brugman

paragraph: BULLET::::- Francisco Ramírez Medina

paragraph: BULLET::::- Manuel Rojas

paragraph: BULLET::::- Segundo Ruiz Belvis

paragraph: BULLET::::- Antonio Valero de Bernabé

paragraph: 19th century female leaders of the Puerto Rican Independence Movement

paragraph: BULLET::::- María de las Mercedes Barbudo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lola Rodríguez de Tió

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mariana Bracetti

paragraph: Male members of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pedro Albizu Campos

paragraph: BULLET::::- José S. Alegría

paragraph: BULLET::::- Casimiro Berenguer

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rafael Cancel Miranda

paragraph: BULLET::::- José Coll y Cuchí

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oscar Collazo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Juan Antonio Corretjer

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carmelo Delgado Delgado

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tomás López de Victoria

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hugo Margenat

paragraph: BULLET::::- Francisco Matos Paoli

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vidal Santiago Díaz

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daniel Santos

paragraph: BULLET::::- Clemente Soto Vélez

paragraph: BULLET::::- Griselio Torresola

paragraph: BULLET::::- Antonio Vélez Alvarado

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carlos Vélez Rieckehoff

paragraph: BULLET::::- Teófilo Villavicencio Marxuach

paragraph: Female members of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party

paragraph: BULLET::::- Julia de Burgos

paragraph: BULLET::::- Blanca Canales

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rosa Collazo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lolita Lebrón

paragraph: BULLET::::- Isabel Rosado

paragraph: BULLET::::- Isabel Freire de Matos

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ruth Mary Reynolds

paragraph: BULLET::::- Isolina Rondón

paragraph: BULLET::::- Olga Viscal Garriga

paragraph: BULLET::::- Puerto Rican Nationalist Party

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ponce massacre

paragraph: BULLET::::- Río Piedras massacre

paragraph: BULLET::::- Puerto Rican Independence Party

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grito de Lares

paragraph: BULLET::::- Intentona de Yauco

description: Commander of the Cadets of the Republic of the Puerto Rican Nationalist Party

wikidata_label: Raimundo Díaz Pacheco

wikipedia_title: Raimundo Díaz Pacheco