text:
Byzantine Emperor
Manuel I Komnenos
porphyrogennetos
Alexios II Komnenos
Constance of Antioch
Raymond of Poitiers
Raynald of Châtillon
Aleppo
Nūr al-Dīn
Principality of Antioch
Bohemund III
Baldwin III of Jerusalem
Aimery of Limoges
Latin Patriarch of Antioch
Constantinople
Bertha of Sulzbach
Crusader state
dragoman
akolouthos
Varangian Guard
Jerusalem
Melisende of Tripoli
Raymond II of Tripoli
Hodierna of Jerusalem
John Kinnamos
Norman
Raymond III of Tripoli
dowry
Queen Melisende
Cyprus
Antioch
Hagia Sophia
Luke Chrysoberges
Patriarch of Constantinople
Sophronios
Greek Patriarch of Alexandria
Athanasios I
Greek Patriarch of Antioch
chariot races
Hippodrome
Niketas Choniates
Aphrodite
Hera
Laconian
Alexios II Komnenos
Aaron Isaakios
Alexios
prōtosebastos
prōtovestiarios
Maria Komnene
queen of Jerusalem
Maria Komnene
Renier of Montferrat
Theodosius I
Hagia Sophia
Andronikos Komnenos
massacre of the Latin inhabitants
Venetian
Genoese
Béla III of Hungary
Manuel
sebastos
hetaireiarches
Constantine Tripsychos
eunuch
Pterygeonites
Steven Runciman
Niketas Choniatēs
John Cinnamus
William of Tyre

categories: House of Poitiers,Women of the Crusader states,1145 births,People executed by strangulation,Executed Byzantine people,Byzantine empresses,Manuel I Komnenos,12th-century executions by the Byzantine Empire,People from Antioch,12th-century Byzantine women,12th-century women rulers,Converts to Eastern Orthodoxy from Roman Catholicism,Murdered royalty,Executed women,12th-century Byzantine people,1182 deaths,Komnenos dynasty

paragraph: Maria of Antioch

paragraph: Maria of Antioch (1145–1182) was a Byzantine empress by marriage to Byzantine Emperor Manuel I Komnenos, and regent during the minority of her son porphyrogennetos Alexios II Komnenos from 1180 until 1182.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Maria of Antioch was the daughter of Constance of Antioch and her first husband Raymond of Poitiers.

paragraph: In 1160, Maria's stepfather Raynald of Châtillon was taken prisoner by Maj al-Dīn, the ruler of Aleppo and an ally of Nūr al-Dīn. Her mother claimed the Principality of Antioch for herself, but the nobles supported her son, Maria's brother Bohemund III. King Baldwin III of Jerusalem set Bohemund III up as prince and appointed as regent the rich and worldly Aimery of Limoges, Latin Patriarch of Antioch and an old opponent of Raynald. Constance protested this decision in Constantinople at the court of the Byzantine emperor Manuel I Komnenos, the nominal overlord of Antioch.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Empress.

paragraph: At the end of 1159, Manuel's wife Empress Eirene (originally named Bertha of Sulzbach) had died, and Manuel wanted to marry a princess from one of the Crusader states. John Kontostephanos, the chief "dragoman" (interpreter) Theophylact, and the "akolouthos" of the Varangian Guard Basil Kamateros were sent to Jerusalem to seek a new wife, and the two princesses Maria of Antioch and Melisende of Tripoli, a daughter of Count Raymond II of Tripoli by Hodierna of Jerusalem, were offered as candidates. Both were renowned for their beauty, but according to John Kinnamos Maria was the more beautiful of the two; the tall, blonde-haired princess clearly showed her Norman ancestry. King Baldwin III suggested Melisende, and her brother Count Raymond III of Tripoli set about gathering an enormous dowry, with gifts from Hodierna and from Melisende's namesake, her aunt Queen Melisende. The ambassadors were not satisfied and delayed the marriage for over a year; they had apparently heard rumours concerning Hodierna's infidelity and therefore Melisende's possible legitimacy. Instead, Manuel chose Maria. Count Raymond was insulted and in retaliation attacked Byzantine Cyprus.

paragraph: Meanwhile, an imperial embassy led by Alexios Bryennios Komnenos and the prefect of Constantinople, John Kamateros, came to Antioch to negotiate the marriage. Maria embarked from the port of St. Simeon for Constantinople in September 1161, and the marriage took place in Hagia Sophia on December 24. Three patriarchs performed the marriage: Luke Chrysoberges, Patriarch of Constantinople; Sophronios, Greek Patriarch of Alexandria, and Athanasios I, Greek Patriarch of Antioch. The marriage was celebrated with feasts, gifts to the church, and chariot races in the Hippodrome for the people. This strengthened the connection of Antioch to the Byzantine Empire. The marriage also strengthened the position of Maria's mother Constance, who now held the regency of Antioch. According to Niketas Choniates, Maria

paragraph: "...was like unto the laughter-loving, golden Aphrodite, the white-armed and ox-eyed Hera, the long-necked and beautiful ankled Laconian, whom the ancients deified for their beauty, and all the rest of the beauties whose good looks have been preserved in distinguished books and histories."

paragraph: For several years, Maria was childless. In 1166 she had her first pregnancy, but miscarried a son, a fact which was considered a tragedy by the Emperor and the population. In 1169 Maria finally gave birth to a son, the future emperor Alexios II Komnenos. She played a role in the political and diplomatic life of Constantinople. French being her mother tongue, she was able to observe the double-dealing of the "hypoboleus" (court interpreter) Aaron Isaakios, who was quietly advising Westerners not to pay too much for the Emperor's favour. As a result, Manuel had Aaron blinded.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Regency.

paragraph: After the death of Manuel in 1180, Maria officially became a nun with the name "Xene" (translated "foreigner"), but in reality she acted as regent for their son Alexios II. Despite being a nun she had many ambitious suitors, but she chose another Alexios, the "prōtosebastos" and "prōtovestiarios", a nephew of Manuel and uncle of Maria Komnene, former queen of Jerusalem, as an advisor and lover, causing a scandal among the Greek population. As a Westerner who favoured the Italian merchants, Maria was opposed by the Greeks, and her regency was widely considered incompetent.

paragraph: The leaders of the opposition were her stepdaughter, the "porphyrogenita" Maria Komnene and her husband, the Caesar Renier of Montferrat, though himself a fellow Latin. The "porphyrogenita" Maria may have considered herself the rightful heir, as the elder child of Manuel; she was almost as old as her stepmother Maria. Maria and Renier gained the support of the Patriarch Theodosius I and used Hagia Sophia as a base of operations. Alexios had the patriarch arrested, leading to open warfare on the streets of Constantinople.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Execution.

paragraph: Manuel's cousin Andronikos Komnenos, who had been exiled during Manuel's reign, was invited back by the "porphyrogenita" Maria, and marched on Constantinople in 1182. He provoked the citizens into a massacre of the Latin inhabitants, mostly Venetian and Genoese merchants.

paragraph: After gaining control of the city, he had the Porphyrogenita and Renier poisoned, and then had Empress Maria arrested and imprisoned in the monastery of St. Diomedes or in a prison nearby. The empress tried to seek help from her brother-in-law King Béla III of Hungary, to no avail. Andronikos had Alexios II sign the order for his mother's execution, and appointed his own son Manuel and the "sebastos" George to execute her, but they refused. Instead, according to Niketas, Maria was strangled by the "hetaireiarches" Constantine Tripsychos and the eunuch Pterygeonites, and buried in an unmarked grave on a nearby beach.

paragraph: Presumably owing to the secrecy surrounding her death, alternative versions of her death circulated, such as that she was tied up in a sack and drowned. Andronikos had himself crowned co-emperor, but Alexios II was soon murdered as well, and Andronikos took full control of the empire. Sometime later Andronikos also defaced or destroyed most images of Maria in Constantinople.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lynda Garland, "Byzantine Empresses: Woman and Power in Byzantium, AD 527-1204". Routledge, 1999.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Steven Runciman, "A History of the Crusades, Vol. II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem". Cambridge University Press, 1952.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Warren Treadgold, "A History of the Byzantine State and Society". Stanford University Press, 1997.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "O City of Byzantium, Annals of Niketas Choniatēs", trans. Harry J. Magoulias. Wayne State University Press, 1984.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Cinnamus, "Deeds of John and Manuel Comnenus", trans. Charles M. Brand. Columbia University Press, 1976.

paragraph: BULLET::::- William of Tyre, "A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea", trans. E. A. Babcock and A. C. Krey. Columbia University Press, 1943.

description: Byzantine Empress

wikidata_label: Maria of Antioch

wikipedia_title: Maria of Antioch


text: Canadian

text: alt-rock

text: Death from Above

text: Toronto

text: Jimmy Shaw

text: Metric

text: Saddle Creek Records

text: Outside Music

text: JVC

text: Toronto

text: Montreal

text: Bloc Party

text: Metric

text: Hot Hot Heat

text: Albert Hammond Jr.

text: City Sonic

text: El Mocambo

text: Death from Above

text: Jesse F. Keeler

text: Death from Above

text: The Rhythm Method

text: 50 Bones Records

text: Death from Above

text: Metric

text: Does It Offend You, Yeah?

text: k-os

text: DatA

text: Femme Fatale

text: The Chemistry of Common Life

text: Fucked Up

text: k-os

text: Broken Social Scene

text: Forgiveness Rock Record

text: National Parks Project

text: Jennifer Castle

text: Dan Werb

text: documentary film

text: Quebec

text: Zowie

text: Untrust Us

text: Crystal Castles

text: Felix Cartal

text: Turbowolf

text: EP

text: You're a Woman, I'm a Machine

text: The Physical World

text: Outrage! Is Now

text: Sebastien Grainger & The Mountains

text: Sebastien Grainger

categories: Canadian rock singers,Canadian indie rock musicians,Canadian male singers,Musicians from Mississauga,1979 births,Canadian rock drummers,Franco-Ontarian people,Canadian male drummers,21st-century Canadian singers,Living people,21st-century Canadian drummers

paragraph: Sebastien Grainger

paragraph: Sebastien Alexandre Grainger (born 11 April 1979) is a Canadian singer and musician, best known as drummer and singer of the alt-rock duo Death from Above and the singer and guitarist for his band Sebastien Grainger and The Mountains. He is part owner of Giant Studios in Toronto, Ontario with Jimmy Shaw of Metric.

paragraph: Section::::Solo work.

paragraph: Sebastien signed with Saddle Creek Records in the USA, Outside Music in Canada and JVC in Japan to release his debut solo album, entitled ""Sebastien Grainger & The Mountains"", which was released on 21 October 2008. It was recorded between Giant Studio in Toronto and Mountain City Studio in Montreal. Grainger wrote and performed nearly all the parts on the record with the exception of a few songs that were recorded as a full band. He is currently playing shows across North America. When performing live, Grainger is joined by bassist Nick Sewell, drummer Leon Taheny and synthesiser and guitar player Andrew Scott. Together they have toured with Bloc Party, Metric, Hot Hot Heat & Albert Hammond Jr..

paragraph: In 2009 Sebastien Grainger took part in an interactive documentary series called City Sonic. The series, which featured 20 Toronto artists, had him discuss his past experiences with the El Mocambo.

paragraph: Section::::Other projects.

paragraph: Section::::Other projects.:Death from Above.

paragraph: Grainger is best known to the public for being the singer and drummer in the duo Death from Above, with bassist Jesse F. Keeler. The "1979" on the end of the band's name originated from Grainger's birth year, which he has tattooed on his forearm. Death from Above broke up in 2006, citing personal and artistic differences between the two members of the band. However, on 5 February 2011, Grainger officially announced that the band had reformed, and they since have been playing shows worldwide.

paragraph: Section::::Other projects.:The Rhythm Method.

paragraph: The Rhythm Method is Grainger's dance/computer music alias. He has released one double a-side 7" in the UK for the songs "Renegade Silence/When You Go Out" available from 50 Bones Records. An alternate mix of "Renegade Silence" will be available on Grainger's LP "Sebastien Grainger & The Mountains" labeled as "featuring The Rhythm Method".

paragraph: Section::::Other projects.:Girl on Girl.

paragraph: Grainger has released remixes for Death from Above's "Black History Month" and Metric's "Poster of a Girl" under the alias "Girl on Girl", a collaboration with The Mountains' Leon Taheny. Earlier similar electronic works were once available, under the aliases "The Great White Hype" and "Synsonic Pro-Model", through a dedicated Myspace page, that has since vanished.

paragraph: Section::::Other projects.:Bad †i†s / Deserts.

paragraph: Bad Tits is Sebastien Grainger's band with Joshua Reichmann, formerly of Jewish Legend and Tangiers. The duo began playing shows in early 2010, with Grainger on drums and samplers, Reichmann on guitar and keyboards, and both singing. They released a debut vinyl 7" and digital EP titled "Garbage Night" on the label Hand Drawn Dracula. On February 26, 2012, Grainger announced on his Twitter account that Bad Tits had changed their name to Deserts. Desert's Twitter account posted about having been recording music shortly after.

paragraph: Section::::Other projects.:Collaborations and contributions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grainger's voice was featured in the Does It Offend You, Yeah? song "Let's Make Out".

paragraph: BULLET::::- He contributed drums to the track "Sunday Morning" by Canadian hip-hop artist k-os. He appears in the song's music video as a homeless man who is recruited as a drummer.

paragraph: BULLET::::- He has collaborated with rising French electronica artist DatA. Their first single together, "Rapture", is available now. Other collaborations will follow on DatA's debut full-length release, including "One in a Million" on 28 April 2009.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grainger played drums both live and on one record for Keeler's pre-Death From Above 1979 solo project Femme Fatale.

paragraph: BULLET::::- He contributed backing vocals to "Twice Born", a song on "The Chemistry of Common Life", Toronto hardcore punk band Fucked Up's 2008 LP.

paragraph: BULLET::::- He collaborated with Canadian rapper k-os on the song "BlackWater" off his mixtape "The Anchorman Mixtape".

paragraph: BULLET::::- He provided vocals for the song "Water in Hell" by the Canadian indie rock band Broken Social Scene on their album "Forgiveness Rock Record".

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 2011, he participated in the National Parks Project, collaborating with musicians Jennifer Castle and Dan Werb, and filmmaker Catherine Martin, to produce and score a short documentary film about Mingan Archipelago National Park Reserve in Quebec.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grainger collaborated with artist Zowie on the track "Love or Hate (Zowie VS Sebastien Grainger)".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grainger also produced two of the tracks on fellow Canadian band Nightbox's debut EP.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grainger's voice sample is used in "Untrust Us" by Crystal Castles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- He provided vocals on the song "H.U.N.T." by Felix Cartal.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grainger was featured on the song “Cheap Magic” by Turbowolf

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Femme Fatale

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002 "Fire Baptism" (EP)

paragraph: Death from Above

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004 "You're a Woman, I'm a Machine"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014 "The Physical World"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017 "Outrage! Is Now"

paragraph: American Lips

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017 "Kiss the Void"

paragraph: Solo

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 "American Names" (Digital EP/7" Vinyl)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 "Sebastien Grainger & The Mountains"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 "DatA feat. Sebastien Grainger - Rapture" (EP)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009 "DatA feat. Sebastien Grainger - One in a Million" (EP)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013 Going With You (EP)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013 Yours to Discover

paragraph: The Rhythm Method

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 "Renegade Silence/When You Go Out" (7" vinyl double A-side)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009 "Finish Me Off" (EP)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sebastien Grainger

description: Canadian musician

wikidata_label: Sebastien Grainger

wikipedia_title: Sebastien Grainger


text:
American football
running back
kick returner
college football
Texas
Pearland, Texas
high school football
Pearland High School
Arizona Cardinals
practice squad
San Diego Chargers
Cleveland Browns
Carolina Panthers
Tyler Gaffney
Seattle Seahawks
Arizona Cardinals
Super Bowl 50
Denver Broncos
San Francisco 49ers
Jonathan Stewart
Atlanta Falcons
San Diego Chargers bio

categories: Texas Longhorns football players,San Diego Chargers players,Cleveland Browns players,1989 births,Arizona Cardinals players,Players of American football from Texas,Carolina Panthers players,American football running backs,Living people

paragraph: Fozzy Whittaker

paragraph: Foswhitt Jer'ald "Fozzy" Whittaker Jr. (born February 2, 1989) is an American football running back and kick returner who is currently a free agent. He played college football at Texas. He is from Pearland, Texas.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Whittaker attended and played high school football at Pearland High School.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Whittaker played college football at the University of Texas from 2008–2011. In the 2008 season, he had 64 carries for 284 rushing yards in seven games. In the 2009 season, he had 53 carries for 212 rushing yards and four rushing touchdowns in 11 games. In the 2010 season, he had 80 carries for 351 rushing yards and four rushing touchdowns. In the 2011 season, he had 66 carries for 386 rushing yards and six rushing touchdowns.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Arizona Cardinals.

paragraph: On December 18, 2012, Whittaker signed with the Arizona Cardinals to join their practice squad. On March 11, 2013, he was released by the Cardinals.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:San Diego Chargers.

paragraph: On March 12, 2013, Whittaker was claimed off waivers by the San Diego Chargers. He made his NFL debut on September 9, 2013 against the Houston Texans. He played in three total games with the Chargers in the 2013 season. On September 28, he was released by the Chargers.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Cleveland Browns.

paragraph: On September 30, 2013, Whittaker was claimed off waivers by the Cleveland Browns. On October 27, against the Kansas City Chiefs, he scored his first professional touchdown. With the Chargers and Browns in the 2013 season, he had 28 carries for 79 rushing yards to go along with 21 receptions for 155 receiving yards and two receiving touchdowns. On May 12, 2014, Whittaker was released by the Cleveland Browns.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Carolina Panthers.

paragraph: On July 27, 2014, Whittaker was signed by the Carolina Panthers after an injury to Panthers rookie running back Tyler Gaffney that occurred the previous day. After a strong preseason showing, he made the initial 53-man roster, announced on August 30, 2014. In the 2014 regular season, he finished with 32 carries for 145 rushing yards and a rushing touchdown to go along with five receptions for 60 receiving yards and a receiving touchdown. On January 3, 2015, in the Wild Card Round of the playoffs, Whittaker scored a crucial 39-yard, go-ahead receiving touchdown in the third quarter against the Arizona Cardinals, helping the Panthers to a 27–16 victory which enabled them to advance to the Divisional Round of the playoffs, where the Panthers' season ended in a 31–17 loss to the Seattle Seahawks. In Whittaker's second year with the team, he had 108 rushing yards and a rushing touchdown as the Panthers finished the season with a franchise-record 15 wins. In the first two rounds of the playoffs, they defeated the Seattle Seahawks and the Arizona Cardinals. On February 7, 2016, Whittaker was part of the Panthers team that played in Super Bowl 50. In the game, Whittaker had four carries for 26 yards, one catch for 14 yards, and two tackles on special teams, but the Panthers fell to the Denver Broncos by a score of 24–10.

paragraph: In the 2016 season, Whittaker would appear in all 16 regular season games. He had 57 carries for 265 yards and 25 receptions for 226 yards.

paragraph: On September 18, 2016, Whittaker ran for 100 yards on 16 carries against the San Francisco 49ers when Jonathan Stewart left in the first quarter with a hamstring injury. On October 2, he caught nine passes for 86 yards against the Atlanta Falcons.

paragraph: On March 8, 2017, Whittaker signed a two-year contract extension. In the 2017 season, he finished with seven carries for 18 rushing yards to go along with five receptions for 47 receiving yards and a receiving touchdown.

paragraph: On May 10, 2018, Whittaker suffered a torn ACL during a non-contact drill in the off-season. As a result, he was placed on injured reserve and ruled out for the entire 2018 season.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Whittaker was raised by parents Foswhitt Jer'ald Whittaker Sr. and Gloria Whittaker. His father died from lymphoma in 1992.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- San Diego Chargers bio

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Fozzy Whittaker

wikipedia_title: Fozzy Whittaker


text:
Moscow
Soviet
violist
composer
Moscow Conservatory
Vadim Borisovsky
Beethoven Quartet
Yuri Bashmet
Yuri Tkanov
Alexander Bobrovsky
Svetlana Stepchenko
Dmitri Shostakovich
Mieczysław Weinberg
Alfred Schnittke
Andrei Volkonsky
Roman Ledenyov
Sonata for Viola and Piano
Grigory Frid
People's Artist of Russia
Igor Stravinsky
Maria Yudina
Anna Akhmatova
Johannes Brahms
Frédéric Chopin
Edvard Grieg
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Hugo Wolf
Konstantin G. Mostras
Julia Rebekka Adler

categories: Soviet composers,Russian composers,1932 births,Russian classical violists,Soviet classical violists,Russian male composers,Soviet male composers,2007 deaths,People's Artists of Russia,Moscow Conservatory alumni

image: 512px-Могила_альтиста_Фёдора_Дружинина.JPG

paragraph: Fyodor Druzhinin

paragraph: Fyodor Serafimovich Druzhinin, also Fedor, (; 6 April 1932 in Moscow – 1 July 2007) was a Soviet violist, composer and music teacher.

paragraph: Druzhinin studied viola at the Moscow Central Music School with Nikolai Sokolov (1944–1950) and at the Moscow Conservatory with Vadim Borisovsky (1950–1957). In 1957, he won first place at the All-Union Competition of Musicians in Moscow. He replaced Borisovsky as violist of the Beethoven Quartet in 1964.

paragraph: From 1980, Druzhinin was the head of the viola department at the Moscow Conservatory. Among his students are many noted violists such as Yuri Bashmet, Yuri Tkanov, Alexander Bobrovsky and Svetlana Stepchenko.

paragraph: Druzhinin composed several works for viola. His "Fantasia for Viola and Orchestra" is best known. He worked closely with Dmitri Shostakovich and other composers such as Mieczysław Weinberg (Moisei Samuilovich Vainberg), Alfred Schnittke, Andrei Volkonsky, Roman Ledenyov. Shostakovich wrote his last composition for Druzhinin, the "Sonata for Viola and Piano", Op.147 (1975). Other dedications include "Concerto-Poem" (1963–1964) for viola and orchestra by Ledenyov, "Viola Sonata" (1971) and "Viola Concerto" (1972) by Grigory Frid, and Weinberg's "Sonata No.1" (1971) for unaccompanied viola.

paragraph: Druzhinin was a 1988 recipient of the People's Artist of Russia award. In 2001, he published his memoirs: "Воспоминания. Страницы жизни и творчества" ("Memoirs. Pages of Life and Work"). The book relates countless memories of Shostakovich, Schnittke, Igor Stravinsky, Maria Yudina, Anna Akhmatova and colleagues of the Beethoven Quartet, among others.

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Original compositions

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fantasia" for viola and orchestra (1980)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sinfonia a due", Duet for 2 violas (published 2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sonata for viola solo (1959)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Variations" for viola solo (1968)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Transcriptions for viola and piano

paragraph: BULLET::::- Johannes Brahms – "Sapphische Ode" (Ода Сафо), Op. 94 No. 4; original for voice and piano

paragraph: BULLET::::- Frédéric Chopin – "Nocturne" (Ноктюрн); original for piano solo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Edvard Grieg – "Evening in the Mountains" (Вечер в горах), Op. 68 No. 4; original for piano solo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart – "Andante from the Sonata in C Major" (Анданте из сонаты до мажор)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hugo Wolf – "Song after Konstantin G. Mostras" (Песня по К. Г. Мострасу); original for voice and piano

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fyodor Druzhinin" – Melodiya MEL CD 10 00867 (2004); Fyodor Druzhinin, viola; Mikhail Muntyan, piano (Glinka, Rubinstein); Larisa Panteleyeva, piano (Shostakovich)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Great Artists of the Moscow Conservertoire" – Moscow Conservatory SMC 036 (1998); Fedor Druzhinin, viola; Maria Yudina, Anna Levina, Larisa Panteleyeva, piano

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rubinstein: Viola Sonata; Quintet for Piano & Winds" – Russian Disc (1994); Fedor Druzhinin, viola; Larisa Panteleyeva, piano

paragraph: BULLET::::- Melodiya LP 33D-025045/6 (1969); Fyodor Druzhinin, viola; Chamber Orchestra of the Moscow Conservatory, Moscow Symphonic Orchestra

paragraph: BULLET::::- Melodiya LP S10-08249/50 (1976); Fyodor Druzhinin, viola; Mikhail Muntyan, piano

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- performed by violist Julia Rebekka Adler

description: Russian composer and musician

wikidata_label: Fyodor Druzhinin

wikipedia_title: Fyodor Druzhinin


text: German

text: nature conservationist

text: German Democratic Republic

text: Long-eared owl

text: tailoring

text: NDSDAP (Nazi Party)

text: took power

text: imposing

text: one-

text: party dictatorship

text: new government's

text: pacifist

text: Rüdnitz

text: Bernau

text: vegetarian

text: Germany

text: Switzerland

text: Northern Italy

text: non-aggression pact

text: Nazi Germany

text: Soviet Union

text: Partitions of Poland

text: "world war"

text: forced labour

text: Königsberg (Neumarkt)

text: Brandenburg

text: German army

text: Russian Front

text: Siege of Stalingrad

text: Red army

text: garden summer house

text: Bad Freienwalde

text: war

text: Soviets

text: prisoner of war

text: Communist Party

text: Soviet occupation zone

text: contentious merger

text: KPD

text: SPD

text: one-

text: party

text: Soviet sponsored

text: German Democratic Republic

text: November 1989

text: Berlin Wall

text: German reunification

text: SED (party)

text: Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS)

text: "The Left" (""Die Linke"")

text: garden summer house

text: Oberbarnim

text: Brandenburg

text: Long-eared owl

text: White stork

text: Rathsdorf

text: Kiln

text: "Log/Block House"

text: Russia

text: reunification

text: local municipality

text: one-

text: party dictatorship

text: East German regime

text: Honorary citizens

text: Bad Freienwalde

categories: German non-fiction writers,German pacifists,21st-century German writers,21st-century male writers,20th-century German writers,German beekeepers,Directors of museums in Germany,People from Märkisch-Oderland,2007 deaths,People condemned by Nazi courts,Socialist Unity Party of Germany members,People from Berlin,1914 births,German conservationists

paragraph: Kurt Kretschmann

paragraph: Kurt Kretschmann (2 March 1914 – 20 January 2007) was a German nature conservationist.

paragraph: Most of his professional career took place in the German Democratic Republic where he is known as ""Nestor des Naturschutzes in Ostdeutschland"" (loosely "East Germany's original Nature Conservationist"). He also designed the Long-eared owl silhouette, originally on a yellow background, which since 1989 has been adapted and become known across Germany as a symbol identifying conservation areas.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Early years.

paragraph: Kretschmann attended a local school in Berlin and undertook an apprenticeship in tailoring before getting a job as a cutter with a Berlin tayloring firm. However, Germany underwent significant regime change in January 1933 when the NDSDAP (Nazi Party) took power, and lost little time in imposing the country's first twentieth century one-party dictatorship. One side-effect of the new government's policy was a switch away from men's suits to production of uniforms by Kretschmann's employer. In April 1933 Kurt Kretschmann gave notice that he was a committed pacifist and went to live with a friend in a garden summer house in Rüdnitz near Bernau, just outside Berlin on its north-east side. He now became a vegetarian and embarked on a period of intense physical training which included a 10 km long distance run each day. He also experimented with his diet and took the opportunity to expand his knowledge of world literature, the classics and philosophical scholars, while playing the violin recreationally. In 1935 he faced conscription for military service, but through intense fasting was able to defer his call-up for a year. In 1936 he was conscripted into the military, but was then released after just five months because the committed pacifist was deemed "a danger to the morale of the troops". He now undertook a lengthy walking tour, reportedly of 12,000 km, across Germany, Switzerland and Northern Italy. Impressions accumulated during this time affected him deeply.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Second World War.

paragraph: In August 1939 a non-aggression pact between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union opened the way for a rerun of the Partitions of Poland between the two dictatorships, and this in turn triggered a return to "world war" involving most of Europe which broke out the next month. In 1940 Kretschmann was conscripted for forced labour in Königsberg (Neumarkt) in Brandenburg. He refused to work in a munitions factory and was forced to work on the recently constructed . In 1942 he married Erna Scherff. One source describes this as a "Long-distance wedding" (""Ferntrauung""), but their son was nevertheless born the same year: he died three years later. Between 1941 and 1945 Kurt Kretschmann fought in the German army on the Russian Front. He participated in and survived the Siege of Stalingrad. In the increasingly chaotic closing phase of the war another hearing condemned Kretschmann to death. The sentence was not carried out, possibly because of a Red army attack in which he was wounded. He was then able to return to Germany for home leave, during which time he deserted from the army. Supported by his wife who was able to supply water, vegetables and candles, he hid for 75 winter days in a two-meter wide hole in the ground under a garden summer house, on the site where in 1960 he and his wife would build their home, and which is today designated the "House for the care of Nature" (""Haus der Naturpflege""), at Bad Freienwalde in eastern Brandenburg. He was then captured by the Soviets: between the end of the war in May 1945 and August of that year he was held by the Soviets as a prisoner of war.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Political affiliation.

paragraph: Early in 1946 Kretschmann joined the Communist Party. His part of what had been Germany was now designated the Soviet occupation zone. In April 1946, across the entire zone, the contentious merger of the KPD and more moderately left-wing SPD prepared the ground for a return to one-party rule. Kretschmann was one of many former communists who lost little time in signing their membership across to the resulting Socialist Unity Party (SED / "Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands"), although the focus of his future career would lie outside mainstream politics. In October 1949 the Soviet occupation zone was superseded by the Soviet sponsored German Democratic Republic. Forty years later, in November 1989, protestors beached the Berlin Wall and it became apparent that the Soviet army had no instructions to apply force to crushing the rising tide of anti-government discontent in East Germany. A succession of political developments took place culminating with German reunification, formally in October 1990. Through this time and beyond it Kretschmann's political loyalty stood firm. When the old East German SED (party) sought to reinvent itself for a multi-party future as the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS) Kretschmann stayed with it. He died just four days after the PDS in turn had dissolved itself to be replaced by a "new" party, "The Left" (""Die Linke"").

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Nature conservation.

paragraph: His period in the Rüdnitz garden summer house in the 1930s and subsequent extended walking tour had awakened in Kretschmann an interest in nature conservation. Starting in 1946, he was active as a hiking guide around Oberbarnim for more than 40 years. In 1949 he was given responsibility for nature conservation in the , and in 1951 he became State Commissioner for Nature Conservation across the entire state of Brandenburg. By now he had designed and was applying in Brandenburg the Long-eared owl symbol later used to identify conservation zones across Germany. Between 1952 and 1954 he was employed as Conservation Secretary at the Berlin-based . Between 1954 and 1960 he worked as the founder-chief of the "Müritzhof" Conservation Lyceum. He also set up the "Working Group for the Protection of Endangered Species". Later, in 1976, he established the "White stork Working Group", active across Europe. In Rathsdorf he rescued a threatened 200 year old Kiln, the "Altgaul Stork Tower"", on the top of which a pair of storks had nested for longer than anyone could remember, and in 1978 opened a "Stork Museum" (permanent exhibition).

paragraph: Section::::Life.:"House for Nature Conservation" (""Haus der Naturpflege"").

paragraph: After his release in August 1945, in the garden where earlier in the year he had hidden from the fatal bullet that would have ended his life following his desertion from the army, Kurt Kretschmann started work on replacing the old garden summer house with a "Log/Block House", taking inspiration from the many similar structures he had seen during his time as a soldier in Russia. Underneath the house Kretschmann designed an integrated secret cellar, not accessible from within the house but only by lifting the floor boards of the terrace outside. From 1960, while Erna became the principle bread-winner, authoring and producing publications on behalf of the two of them, Kurt himself focused on opening the garden as the "House for the care of Nature" (""Haus der Naturpflege""), open to all who shared his interests in nature conservation, productive use of gardens and/or a vegetarian lifestyle, a subject on which he became ever more evangelical. During the years between 1945 and 1989, with few fresh vegetables available in the East German cities, the opportunity to grow vegetables afforded by even small domestic gardens was often much prized by city-dwellers with access to country cottages or relatives outside the cities. Public interest in vegetable growing was correspondingly more mainstream than it would become following reunification. Kretschmann masterminded and ran the ""Haus der Naturpflege"" for many years, although in 1982 or 1984, by which time he and his wife were both in their late 70s, the property was handed over to the local municipality. It continues to operate as a visitor attraction, latterly with its own simple "hay-barn hotel" (""Heuhotel"").

paragraph: Section::::Life.:The pacifist vegetarian.

paragraph: Kurt Kretschmann's record as a strident free thinking pacifist-vegetarian and army deserter was not something that would have instantly endeared him to the authorities during the four decades when he lived in a country frequently identified by German journalists and historians as Germany's second one-party dictatorship. After the East German regime collapsed in 1989/90 he himself became more vociferous on some of the issues involved and on his own experiences both of war and of vegetarianism. Subsequently these aspects of Kretschmann's personality have become more widely known.

paragraph: He also wrote poetry.

paragraph: Section::::Recognition.

paragraph: In 1991 Kretschmann became honorary president for life of the Nature and Biodiversity Conservation Union ("Naturschutzbund Deutschland"). Two years later Kurt and Erna Kretschmann together received the . On 2 March 1999 the couple were made Honorary citizens of Bad Freienwalde, which is where he lived, participating fully in the local community until his death on 20 January 2007, aged 92.

paragraph: After his death the senior school in Bad Freienwalde was renamed as the "Erna and Kurt Kretschmann School" (""Erna-und-Kurt-Kretschmann-Schule"").

description: German nature conservationist

wikidata_label: Kurt Kretschmann

wikipedia_title: Kurt Kretschmann


text: professional baseball

text: outfielder

text: Milwaukee Brewers

text: Major League Baseball

text: New York Yankees

text: Seattle Mariners

text: Bishop Kenny High School

text: Jacksonville, Florida

text: college baseball

text: Florida State University

text: New York Yankees

text: 2010 Major League Baseball draft

text: Gulf Coast Yankees

text: Rookie-level

text: Gulf Coast League

text: Staten Island Yankees

text: Class A-Short Season

text: New York-Penn League

text: Charleston RiverDogs

text: Class A

text: South Atlantic League

text: Tampa Yankees

text: Class A-Advanced

text: Florida State League

text: Trenton Thunder

text: Class AA

text: Eastern League

text: Scranton/Wilkes-Barre RailRiders

text: Class AAA

text: International League

text: 40-man roster

text: spring training

text: Seattle Mariners

text: Noah Zavolas

text: Milwaukee Brewers

text: Domingo Santana

text: Mat Gamel

text: Major League Baseball

categories: Charleston RiverDogs players,Tacoma Rainiers players,Tampa Yankees players,Sportspeople from Jacksonville, Florida,Leones del Caracas players,Gulf Coast Yankees players,New York Yankees players,Scranton/Wilkes-Barre RailRiders players,Baseball players from Florida,Staten Island Yankees players,1992 births,Seattle Mariners players,Bishop Kenny High School alumni,Milwaukee Brewers players,Major League Baseball outfielders,Modesto Nuts players,Living people

paragraph: Ben Gamel

paragraph: Benjamin Joseph Gamel (born May 17, 1992) is an American professional baseball outfielder for the Milwaukee Brewers of Major League Baseball (MLB). He previously played for the New York Yankees and the Seattle Mariners.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Early life.

paragraph: Gamel attended Bishop Kenny High School in Jacksonville, Florida. He committed to play college baseball at Florida State University.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:New York Yankees.

paragraph: The New York Yankees selected Gamel in the 10th round of the 2010 Major League Baseball draft. He signed with the Yankees and made his professional debut with the Gulf Coast Yankees of the Rookie-level Gulf Coast League. He played in 2011 for the Staten Island Yankees of the Class A-Short Season New York-Penn League and in 2012 with the Charleston RiverDogs of the Class A South Atlantic League. He began the 2013 season with the Tampa Yankees of the Class A-Advanced Florida State League before being promoted to the Trenton Thunder of the Class AA Eastern League. He returned to Trenton in 2014 and played for the Scranton/Wilkes-Barre RailRiders of the Class AAA International League in 2015. The Yankees added him to their 40-man roster after the 2015 season.

paragraph: After attending spring training, Gamel began the 2016 season with Scranton/Wilkes-Barre. The Yankees promoted Gamel to the major leagues on May 5, and he made his major league debut as a defensive replacement on May 6. He spent the majority of the 2016 season with Scranton/Wilkes-Barre, and won the International League Most Valuable Player Award.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Seattle Mariners.

paragraph: On August 31, 2016, the Seattle Mariners acquired Gamel from the Yankees for minor league pitchers Jio Orozco and Juan De Paula.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Milwaukee Brewers.

paragraph: On December 21, 2018, the Mariners traded Gamel and Noah Zavolas to the Milwaukee Brewers for Domingo Santana.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: His brother, Mat Gamel played Major League Baseball for the Milwaukee Brewers. Ben currently lives with his girlfriend, Lauren Shriver and their two dogs Derbs and Stalemate.

wikidata_label: Ben Gamel

wikipedia_title: Ben Gamel


text:
soccer
Loudoun United FC
USL Championship
college soccer
Virginia Cavaliers
NCAA Division 1
University of Maryland-Baltimore County
UCLA
Northern Virginia Royals
Premier Development League
2011
2014
Pittsburgh Riverhounds
USL
Ryan Thompson
Jamaica
Richmond Kickers
2015 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup
extra time
D.C. United
Houston Dynamo
Major League Soccer
2016 season
Seattle Sounders FC
Loudoun United FC
Riverhounds profile
UVA profile

categories: Tacoma Defiance players,USL Championship players,American soccer players,USL League Two players,Seattle Sounders FC players,Soccer players from Virginia,Rio Grande Valley FC Toros players,Northern Virginia Royals players,Loudoun United FC players,1992 births,Houston Dynamo players,Virginia Cavaliers men's soccer players,Living people,Association football goalkeepers,Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC players

paragraph: Calle Brown

paragraph: Calle Brown (born July 1, 1992) is an American soccer player who currently plays for Loudoun United FC in the USL Championship.

paragraph: Section::::College and semi-professional.

paragraph: Brown played college soccer for the Virginia Cavaliers from 2010 to 2014. In 2013, he quit the team due to a lack of playing time after being beaten out for the starting role. However, he returned to the team and was named starter in 2014. In total, Brown made 30 appearances for the Cavaliers. In 2014, he led the team to the NCAA Division 1 national championship. He was named the tournament's most valuable defensive player after recording shutouts against the University of Maryland-Baltimore County in the semifinal and UCLA in the championship game. In 2011 and 2014, Brown also played for the Northern Virginia Royals of the semi-professional Premier Development League. He made seven appearances and five appearances for the club in 2011 and 2014, respectively.

paragraph: Section::::Professional.

paragraph: On March 13, 2015 it was announced that Brown had signed for the Pittsburgh Riverhounds of the USL. Brown was seen as a potential starter for the club while Ryan Thompson, the club's regular starter, missed time while away on international duty with Jamaica. Brown made his professional debut on May 16, 2015 against the Richmond Kickers as Thompson was ruled out because of a back injury and was set to leave for international duty the following day. He made several stops in the eventual 1–1 draw with his only goal allowed coming off of a defensive error. Brown finished his first professional season with 14 league appearances for the Riverhounds and another in the club's 2015 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup extra time- defeat to D.C. United. He was also the Riverhounds' goalkeeper in their first round exit of the 2015 USL playoffs as the club was defeated 2–4 in extra time.

paragraph: In October 2015, Brown announced that he would be joining the Houston Dynamo of Major League Soccer for the 2016 season. The deal was officially announced by the club on December 17, 2015.

paragraph: Following his release from Houston, Brown joined Seattle Sounders FC on February 20, 2018.

paragraph: Brown signed with hometown club Loudoun United FC on February 12, 2019.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Riverhounds profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- UVA profile

description: American soccer player

wikidata_label: Calle Brown

wikipedia_title: Calle Brown


text: Bikfaya

text: Lebanon

text: Beirut

text: Lebanon

text: Lebanese

text: Khalil Saleeby

text: Mustafa Farrukh

text: Omar Onsi

text: Youssef Howayek

text: Daoud Corm

text: Lebanese Academy of Fine Arts

text: airmail stamp

categories: 1898 births,1958 deaths,20th-century Lebanese painters

paragraph: César Gemayel

paragraph: César Gemayel (b. 1898 Ain al Touffaha near Bikfaya, Lebanon; died in Beirut, Lebanon in 1958) was a notable Lebanese painter, who helped to lay the foundations of a modern Lebanese art movement.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Gemayel received his early art education from Khalil Saleeby in Beirut.

paragraph: Gemayel was a pre-eminently sensual artist. His themes - the female nude, glowing flowers, landscapes green and red, dances and "dabkés", the occasional epic evocation - are the product of his thirst for living expressed through painting.

paragraph: Along with artists, Mustafa Farrukh (1901-1957), Omar Onsi (1901-1969), Saliba Douaihy (Saliba Duwaihi) (b. 1915), Youssef Howayek, Daoud Corm (1852-1930), and Rachid Wehbi (Rachid Wahbah)(b. 1917), Gemayel is regarded as a pioneer, having laid the foundations for a modern arts movement in Lebanon. These artists established an originality and freedom of expression that had never before been seen in Lebanon.

paragraph: In 1943, Gemayel and Alexis Boutros founded the Lebanese Academy of Fine Arts (), also known as ALBA.

paragraph: The artist is portrayed on a Lebanese airmail stamp issued in 1974 in recognition of his contribution to the visual arts.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Site dedicated to César Gemayel's life and work

description: Lebanese artist

wikidata_label: César Gemayel

wikipedia_title: César Gemayel


text:
Danzig
University of Basel
Harold Wilson
life peer
Camden
Labour
crossbencher
House of Lords
MI5
Eastern Bloc
Cabinet Secretary
Evgeny Kissin

categories: British people of Russian descent,1912 births,Crossbench life peers,British Jews,1997 deaths,University of Basel alumni,British businesspeople,Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur

paragraph: Harry Kissin, Baron Kissin

paragraph: Harry Aaron Kissin, Baron Kissin (23 August 1912 – 22 November 1997) was a British businessman and life peer.

paragraph: Kissin was born in Danzig, the son of a Russian Jewish grain merchant. He was educated in Danzig and at the University of Basel, where he gained a doctorate in law. He qualified as a lawyer in Switzerland in 1933, but moved to London the same year.

paragraph: A close friend and confidant of Harold Wilson, Kissin was made a life peer on 27 June 1974 as Baron Kissin, of Camden in Greater London. Although he was known to be a Labour supporter, he sat as a crossbencher in the House of Lords.

paragraph: In 2009, it was revealed that Kissin's name had appeared on a MI5 list of Wilson associates who were considered suspicious because of their links with Eastern Bloc countries. Additionally, MI5 considered Kissin untrustworthy because of his use of prostitutes, and asked the Cabinet Secretary to inform Wilson that Kissin was "obviously not a man to be trusted with confidences".

paragraph: Kissin was related to the pianist Evgeny Kissin.

alias:
Harry Kissin, Baron Kissin
Harry Aaron Kissin

description: British businessman, banker and politician

wikidata_label: Harry Kissin

wikipedia_title: Harry Kissin, Baron Kissin


text: ring name

text: luchador

text: enmascarado

text: professional wrestler

text: Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide

text: El Texano

text: El Texano, Jr.

text: Mictlán

text: El Texano

text: El Texano, Jr.

text: El Satánico

text: Spider-Man

text: Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre

text: Reyes del Aire

text: Torneo cibernetico

text: Gran Alternativa

text: tag team

text: Heavy Metal

text: Místico

text: La Sombra

text: Juventud Guerrera

text: Matt Cross

text: Pac

text: independent circuit

text: Último Dragón

text: Dark Dragon

text: Spade-O

text: Perros del Mal Producciones

text: X-Fly

text: Los Perros del Mal

text: Daga

text: Bestia 666

text: Damián 666

text: Halloween

text: X-Fly

text: World Wrestling Entertainment

text: Incognito

text: Farm League

text: Florida Championship Wrestling

text: Lucha Libre USA

text: Magno

text: Rocky Romero

text: Golden Magic

text: Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide

text: Ricky Marvin

text: Mictlán

text: Mike Bucci

text: Extreme Championship Wrestling

text: Mike Segura

text: Kevin

text: IWRG Junior de Juniors Championship

text: 1 time

text: El Protector

text: "Rebelión de los Juniors" (2014)

text: National Wrestling Alliance

text: 1 time, current

text: Perros del Mal Producciones

text: 1 time, current

categories: Mexican male professional wrestlers,1986 births,Living people

paragraph: Súper Nova

paragraph: Súper Nova (born June 29, 1986) is the ring name of a Mexican "luchador enmascarado", or masked professional wrestler for his time working for Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (AAA) as Bengala. Super Nova is the son of "Luchador" El Texano and the brother of El Texano, Jr. in addition to being the cousin of another Luchador called Mictlán. Súper Nova's real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where their private lives are kept a secret from the wrestling fans. Only his paternal surname is a matter of public record, Aguilar Leos, as his brother's real name, Juan Aguilar Leos, is publicly known.

paragraph: Section::::Professional wrestling career.

paragraph: Super Nova grew up watching his father, El Texano, wrestle in Mexico, the United States, and Japan and later also saw his brother El Texano, Jr. turn professional in 1999. After training under his father as well as Vaquero and El Satánico for more than a year he made his debut in October 2002 as the "enmascarado" character "Spider Boy" (with an outfit that looked a lot like the Spider-Man character). He worked as "Spider Kid" from 2002 until 2006, then briefly as "Spider Boy" before changing his name and outfit to "Super Nova", the ring persona he's best known as today, as he began working for Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) full-time. In 2007 Super Nova was one of the 16 men involved in the 2007 "Reyes del Aire" ("Kings of the air") Torneo cibernetico but did not win the match. Later in 2007 Super Nova participated in that year's "Gran Alternativa" tag team tournament. Super Nova teamed with the veteran Heavy Metal, losing to eventual winners Místico and La Sombra in the first round of the tournament.

paragraph: In 2008 Super Nova began touring Europe, especially Italy, with Nu-Wrestling Evolution (NWE) while also wrestling for CMLL in Mexico. On April 19, 2008, he participated in a match to crown the inaugural NWE Cruiserweight Champion, losing to Juventud Guerrera in a match that also included Matt Cross and Pac. The following day Super Nova defeated Pac. By mid-2008, Super Nova left CMLL to work with NWE and to work on the Mexican independent circuit. He toured with NWE throughout 2008, at one point teaming with Último Dragón to defeat Dark Dragon and Spade-O. In late 2008 Super Nova began working for the newly formed "Perros del Mal Producciones" wrestling promotion, teaming with Black Spirit and Turbo on Los Perros' debut show to defeat Black Thunder, Cerebro Negro and X-Fly. Throughout 2009 Super Nova made regular appearances for both NWE and "Perros del Mal Producciones". On November 13, 2011, Super Nova won a six-way elimination match to become the new Perros del Mal Light Heavyweight Champion. When Super Nova's brother, El Texano, Jr., jumped from CMLL to "Perros del Mal Producciones" in November 2011, both of the brothers joined "Los Perros del Mal" at an International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG) event on December 8. However, this partnership was soon forgotten as El Texano, Jr. went on to form a new stable named "El Consejo". On March 10, El Texano, Jr. helped Super Nova retain the Perros del Mal Light Heavyweight Championship against Daga and afterward invited him to join "El Consejo". Super Nova, however, refused the offer, saying he did not need anyone's help. On March 13, Super Nova, Bestia 666, Damián 666, Halloween and X-Fly announced they had quit "Perros del Mal Producciones" and were forming their own group of independent wrestlers, named "La Familia de Tijuana". In quitting the "Perros del Mal Producciones", Super Nova also vacated the Perros del Mal Light Heavyweight Championship.

paragraph: On December 14, 2009, Super Nova worked a "try out" match for World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) alongside Incognito. Both of them worked without their masks on, with Super Nova being billed as Julio Cruz. Super Nova wrestled the entire match on his own, never tagging in his partner. Shortly after the match it was announced that Incognito had signed a developmental deal with WWE following his try out match. In January 2010, it was reported that Super Nova had been signed to a WWE developmental contract as well and would start in WWE's Farm League Florida Championship Wrestling as soon as he fulfilled his previous contractual obligations but he never actually worked for the WWE and no explanation was given.

paragraph: In 2011, Super Nova began working for the Lucha Libre USA promotion as a member of The Latin Liberators with Magno and Rocky Romero. On August 23, 2015 Golden Magic lost the IWRG Junior de Junior Championship to Golden Magic, followed by a challenge for Super Nova and Golden Magic to put their masks on the line at a future date.

paragraph: In 2016, Super Nova began working for Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (AAA) under a mask as "Bengala", a character previously portrayed by Ricky Marvin.

paragraph: On July 8, 2019, Nova announced his departure from the company after three years with AAA to continue with the character of "Super Nova" on the independent circuit.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Super Nova is the youngest son of Juan Conrado Aguilar Jáuregui better known by his ring name El Texano, who wrestled from 1972 until his death in 2006. His brother, Juan Aguilar Leos, is also a professional wrestler, using the ring name El Texano, Jr. after his father. Super Nova's cousin, Jonathan de Jesus Navarro Gimenez, is also a wrestler, working under the ring name Mictlán.

paragraph: Section::::Not to be mistaken for.

paragraph: Several wrestlers have at one point in their wrestling career worked under the ring name "Super Nova"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mike Bucci – used the name "Super Nova" for several years in Extreme Championship Wrestling

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mike Segura – The original Super Nova in AAA, the first Mexican to use the name

paragraph: BULLET::::- Super Nova II – An unidentified wrestler briefly replaced Mike Segura as Super Nova

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kevin – Briefly took over the role of Super Nova in AAA.

paragraph: BULLET::::- A luchador of Guadalajara, remained unknown, used the identity of Super Nova.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Super Nova – the current "Luchador" Super Nova, sometimes notes as "Super Nova III" but billed as "Super Nova" in all official promotional material

paragraph: Section::::Championships and accomplishments.

paragraph: BULLET::::- International Wrestling Revolution Group

paragraph: BULLET::::- IWRG Junior de Juniors Championship (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "El Protector" (2014) – with Electro Boy

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rebelión de los Juniors" (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- National Wrestling Alliance

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA World Light Heavyweight Championship (1 time, current)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Perros del Mal Producciones

paragraph: BULLET::::- Perros del Mal Light Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Other titles

paragraph: BULLET::::- UWA World Junior Light Heavyweight Championship (1 time, current)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Xtreme Warriors Wrestling

paragraph: BULLET::::- XWW Cruiserweight Championship (1 time)

description: Mexican professional wrestler

wikidata_label: Super Nova

wikipedia_title: Súper Nova


text:
Russia
football
FC Sakhalin Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk

categories: FC Okean Nakhodka players,People from Birobidzhan,1986 births,FC Dynamo Barnaul players,Russian footballers,FC SKA-Khabarovsk players,FC Sakhalin Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk players,Living people,Association football goalkeepers

paragraph: Maksim Schastlivtsev

paragraph: Maksim Valentinovich Schastlivtsev (; born 10 May 1986) is a Russian professional football player. He plays for FC Sakhalin Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk.

description: Russian footballer

wikidata_label: Maksim Schastlivtsev

wikipedia_title: Maksim Schastlivtsev


text: Dartmouth

text: Devon

text: England

text: Marquesas Islands

text: ethnographical

text: London Missionary Society

text: "Duff"

text: Tahiti

text: Vaitahu Bay

text: "Butterworth"

text: Greg Dening

categories: 1775 births,People from Dartmouth, Devon,1846 deaths

paragraph: William Pascoe Crook

paragraph: William Pascoe Crook (1775–1846), a missionary, schoolmaster and pastor, was born in Dartmouth, Devon, England on 29 April 1775. He was the first missionary to document the Marquesas Islands in an ethnographical account after he was sent by the London Missionary Society, embarking on board "Duff" in June 1796. Initially he was accompanied by John Harris but was left to his work alone when Harris travelled with the ship to Tahiti after Crook had landed in Vaitahu Bay. In 1798 the whaler "Butterworth" visited the Marquesas. Crook embarked on her to return to England, which he did when she arrived there in May 1799.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- S. Marsden, "A Letter to Mr William Crook" (Sydney, 1835)

paragraph: BULLET::::- J. Ham, "A Biographical Sketch of the Life and Labours of the Late Rev. William Pascoe Crook" (Melbourne, 1846)

paragraph: BULLET::::- William Pascoe Crook, "An Account of the Marquesas Islands 1797–1799", ed. Greg Dening et al. (2007)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Niel Gunson, 'Crook, William Pascoe (1775 - 1846)', "Australian Dictionary of National Biography", Volume 1, Melbourne University Press, 1966, pp 259-261.

description: Australian missionary

wikidata_label: William Pascoe Crook

wikipedia_title: William Pascoe Crook


text: Chinese poet

text: calligrapher

text: essayist

text: art historian

text: Kaifeng

text: Nanjing

text: Jinshi

text: Weixian

text: Shandong

text: Manchu

text: Qing

text: Abatai

text: Li Zicheng

text: Prince Dodo

text: Governor General of Fujian and Zhejiang

text: Tongtai

text: Fuzhou

text: Koxinga

text: General Amnesty

text: collection of letters

text: Hummel, Arthur W.

text: "Zhou Lianggong"

text: Encyclopedia of China

categories: Ming dynasty essayists,Qing dynasty poets,Historians from Henan,Ming dynasty poets,Qing dynasty calligraphers,1612 births,Qing dynasty essayists,Poets from Henan,1672 deaths,Writers from Kaifeng

paragraph: Zhou Lianggong

paragraph: Zhou Lianggong (, 1612–1672) was a Chinese poet, calligrapher, essayist, and art historian who was born in Kaifeng and had long family ties to Nanjing.

paragraph: He passed his Jinshi degree in 1640, becoming a magistrate in Weixian, Shandong where he defended the city from attack from Manchu Qing army led by Abatai. He escaped to Beijing, but fled to Nanjing after the city was attacked by Li Zicheng's rebel forces. After Prince Dodo took Nanjing for the Qing dynasty, Zhou began serving the Qing. He would however take his place in the new Manchu regime in a variety of official capacities. In 1655, he was accused of official corruption by the Governor General of Fujian and Zhejiang Tongtai and finally faced imprisonment in Fuzhou, where he edited his poetry collection "Laigutang Ji" (賴古堂集). . He was in jail when Koxinga's forces attacked, and he was temporarily released to lead the defense. Zhou was eventually granted amnesty in 1661, Zhou again served as an official, acting as grain intendant of Nanjing. In December 1669 he hosts a party, and over twenty Nanjing-affiliated painters and poets gathered there. He was accused again of corruption in 1669. His sentence was hanging, but he was again given amnesty and released during the "General Amnesty" of 1670.

paragraph: Late in life, he destroyed many of his writings, but not those of his many associates, whose work he guided and edited. Among his surviving works is a collection of jottings known as "Yinshuwu Shuying" (因树屋书影), a work he compiled in prison, and a remarkable collection of letters, "Chidu Xinchao" (尺牍新抄). The collection of letters was a democratic undertaking. Many of the collected letters are by those who aided in the compilation. In a real sense, Zhou was chief editor. In the immediate years after his death, Zhou was considered a writer of the first rank. By the 18th century, he and other writers who had served two dynasties were then considered of a lower level. In the late 18th century, his works were considered anathema by the ruling monarch.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kim, Hongnam., "The Life of a Patron", China Institute, 1996.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hummel, Arthur W., "Eminent Chinese of the Ch’ing Period", Washington, 1943, pp. 173–174.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carpenter, Bruce E., ‘A Seventeenth-Century Chinese Anthology of Letters’, "Tezukayama University Review" (Tezukayama daigaku ronshū), Nara, Japan, 1990, no. 69, pp. 176–190).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carpenter, Bruce E., "Chou Liang-kung’s "Shadows of Reading" ", "Tezukayama University Review" (Tezukayama daigaku ronshū ), Nara, Japan, 1988, no. 62, pp. 35–43.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wu, Zhengming, "Zhou Lianggong". "Encyclopedia of China", 1st ed.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Landscapes Clear and Radiant: The Art of Wang Hui (1632-1717), an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Zhou Lianggong (see index)

alias:
Changmeigong
Jiangong
Zhenzhai
Liang-kung Chou
Maogong
Lianggong Zhou
Li-yüan Chou
Yüan-liang Chou
Chou Liang-kung
Yuanliang
Laigutang
Lixiaxiansheng
Liyuan Zhou
Baoan
Lixialaoren
Tao'an Zhou
Jianzhai
Yuanliang Zhou
Yinshuwu
Shiyuan
T'ao-an Chou
Shulaotang
Zhou Lianggong
Lilao
Taoan
Liyuan
Liseng
Ousuitang

description: Chinese poet

wikidata_label: Zhou Lianggong

wikipedia_title: Zhou Lianggong


text: Jíbaro

text: nueva canción

text: nueva trova

text: Santurce

text: San Juan, Puerto Rico

text: Romualdo Real

text: Bayamón

text: University of Notre Dame

text: University of Portland

text: Nadia Boulanger

text: Tim Gorman

text: Paris Lodron University

text: Salzburg Drama Gruppe

text: Benson Hotel

text: 'The Norton House'

text: Bill Naito

text: Jean Leon’s

text: Hugo's

text: Sonny Bono

text: Jackson Browne

text: 72 Market Street Oyster Bar and Grill

text: Tony Bill

text: Dudley Moore

text: Ken Lauber

text: Thomas Keller

text: Long Vineyards

text: French Laundry

text: International Festival Gourmet

text: Sand in Your Shoes

text: James Beard Foundation

text: Mad Mex Fresh Mexican Grill

text: another quick service restaurant

text: Guzman y Gomez

text: Joanna Weinberg

text: ‘The Piano Diaries’

text: Goddess

text: Thredbo Jazz Festival

text: Patria Añorada

text: PianoForte 1

text: PianoForte 2

text: Piano Solo

text: Busco Otro Corazon

text: Water Music: Celadon Rain 紫の雨

text: Water Music, Mariposa Azul - 青い蝶の雨

text: Helen (The "Hello" Song)

text: List of Puerto Ricans

categories: Puerto Rican pianists,Male actors from San Juan, Puerto Rico,Puerto Rican chefs,1952 births,Puerto Rican musicians,People from San Juan, Puerto Rico,Living people

paragraph: Rafael Nazario

paragraph: Rafael Antonio Nazario (also Raphael, or "Raf Nazario"; born July 30, 1952) is a Puerto Rican-born pianist, composer and arranger and actor. He has had a parallel career as chef, author and occasional wine writer.

paragraph: Nazario's recordings range from Latin music to instrumental compositions, pop songs in English, classical-oriented piano and orchestral works. His debut album, "Patria Añorada" (1999, reissued 2004), contains songs in a variety of Hispanic-American styles and features lyrical and jazz-influenced arrangements. Nazario's music includes idioms and vernacular rooted in Puerto Rico's Jíbaro culture, evoking the nueva canción and nueva trova styles of Hispanic-American music.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Nazario was born in the Santurce district of San Juan, Puerto Rico, the son of Elvira Piñeiro Prieto and Rafael Nazario Cardona, a newspaper pressman. Rafael Sr was the eldest of 18, and according to the family's oral history, their father, Francisco Nazario was one of the founders—along with Romualdo Real—of the "Puerto Rico Ilustrado" magazine, and later the newspaper "El Mundo (Puerto Rico)". His mother was of Spanish (Canarian), Portuguese and Dutch ancestry. His maternal grandfather, Amador Piñeiro, was one of the last train station superintendents on the island. Rafael Sr. moved the family to Costa Rica when Nazario was a few months old and years later settled in Jersey City, New Jersey, where Nazario attended St Aedens School. They returned to Puerto Rico when Nazario was nine years of age. He eventually studied at the De La Salle (Christian Brothers) School in the suburban city of Bayamón, where they lived. It was at La Salle that Nazario first became involved in theatre, under the direction of Luis J. Cruz.

paragraph: Upon graduation from high school, Nazario left the island to study piano and music composition, living temporarily with his godparents in Miami, Florida. As he did not play an instrument and had never taken a music lesson, he did not win a place at any colleges he approached. However, an admission-board member at the University of Notre Dame admired the young man's initiative. Rev. Michael J. Heppen, C.S.C., invited Nazario to apply to the University of Portland, where Rev. Heppen was director of admissions. University of Portland's Dean of Music, Philippe de la Mare, was in France that summer, visiting his former teacher, Nadia Boulanger. In this manner, Nazario gained entry to the University of Portland School of Music even though his repertoire consisted of less than a minute of Beethoven's Sonata No. 14 (“Moonlight Sonata”).

paragraph: A classmate, Tim Gorman, already an experienced musician at 18, tutored Nazario. The pair soon became best friends. Nazario went on to spend his sophomore year of studies in Salzburg, Austria, where he attended University of Portland classes, as well as the Paris Lodron University. While in Salzburg, he became a member of the Salzburg Drama Gruppe, performing in plays directed by Ilse Lackenbauer. He returned to Portland to graduate, achieving a Bachelor of Music degree in the Composition program.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: After university and a number of odd jobs, he joined a Top-40 covers band and toured the US, playing mostly hotels. He eventually returned to Portland and enrolled in graduate school, supporting himself as waiter and sommelier. A brief stint as sommelier at the Benson Hotel led to Nazario being asked to join a new restaurant in ‘Old Town’, called "Fingers", after its founding chef, Fred Finger. Within a few months, the founding chef departed and Nazario took on the role of chef at the restaurant. The eatery coincidentally received its first positive newspaper review ("Willamette Week"; Karen Brooks, Gideon Bosker ) a few weeks later. "Fingers" restaurant was later renamed 'The Norton House', after the historic building (owned by Bill Naito) that housed it.

paragraph: Section::::Los Angeles.

paragraph: Nazario moved to Los Angeles with his then wife. He worked as waiter at Jean Leon’s La Scala-Malibu restaurant, but left after a few months. After a short spell as a singer–pianist in a cabaret night club, he worked as chef at Hugo's, in West Hollywood. Here, Nazario created the menu and format for what became an icon in the Los Angeles dining scene. Hugo’s was one of the first of the gourmet take-out stores with a bistro-Euro-café restaurant setting.

paragraph: Nazario left Hugo's after a couple of years to teach food and wine and later helmed Bono's (an Italian restaurant owned by Sonny Bono) on Melrose as guest chef for a short time. He also worked for singer-songwriter Jackson Browne as private chef during preparations for his "Lawyers in Love" album tour.

paragraph: Section::::72 Market Street, Venice, CA.

paragraph: As a well-known chef, Nazario found it difficult to be taken seriously as a musician. After several months playing for free at the At My Place nightclub in Santa Monica, he played piano at a new restaurant in Venice 72 Market Street Oyster Bar and Grill — owned by Tony Bill ("The Sting", "Taxi Driver") along with several partners, including Dudley Moore. Nazario was the house pianist for six years, and the resident wine and spirits buyer for most of that period. According to "LA Style" magazine, he oversaw one of the city’s best wine lists at the time.

paragraph: Later, Nazario was to helm a trio for the live—if short-lived—KCRW broadcasts, as well as other NPR related events, and was involved in the 72 Market St. Lecture Series. "Los Angeles Magazine" included him among the city’s top sommeliers in its "Best of L.A." article, while Caroline Bates noted his wine list and "sophisticated jazz piano" in a "Gourmet Magazine" review (Dec. 1987).

paragraph: The clientele at 72 Market Street included a mix of celebrities and West Coast artists, literati and writers, alongside beachcombers and local denizens. During his Los Angeles years, Nazario lived on the fringes of fame. He designed the menu for Joni Mitchell’s wedding reception (as consultant for Nucleus Nuance, whose owner, Bruce Veneiro was a mutual friend) and once spent an evening at the home of composer Ken Lauber teaching Bob Dylan how to play a Gershwin song.

paragraph: During that period, Nazario also worked as a television and film actor.

paragraph: Section::::Japan.

paragraph: Nazario left Los Angeles for Tokyo, where he played jazz clubs in Roppongi and acted in Japanese television commercials. After almost two years, he returned to the States with his young family and took up cooking again professionally. He became friends with Thomas Keller then an emerging chef. Together they worked on a book project, "Mastering The Modern Classics" [unpublished]. In 1992, Nazario, Keller, and a mutual friend happened to be in Napa Valley together when while visiting Long Vineyards, Bob Long mentioned The French Laundry was for sale. They immediately drove over to view the premises, which Keller eventually grew into a world-renowned restaurant.

paragraph: Section::::Mexico.

paragraph: Nazario took a job as a chef in Portland, where once again, he became well known. This resulted in him relocating to Mexico for a restaurant venture: Cafe Caracoles. After a few months in Puerto Vallarta, he moved on to Daiquiri Dick’s, a fine-dining restaurant on Los Muertos beach in Puerto Vallarta. Shortly after arriving in Mexico, Nazario began to write songs in Spanish. Just over a year later, he released his debut album "Patria Añorada".

paragraph: As executive chef, Nazario participated in Puerto Vallarta's International Festival Gourmet along with a number of other culinary events. He also appeared in US-based television programs and publications.

paragraph: While living in Puerto Vallarta, Nazario wrote and designed a collection of his recipes, "Sand in Your Shoes" (2001), which gained the attention of the James Beard Foundation. In August 2004, he and his crew went to New York City to prepare a dinner of Mexican "haute cuisine" at the James Beard House.

paragraph: Section::::Australia.

paragraph: In 2005, Nazario moved to Australia to helped launch Mad Mex Fresh Mexican Grill, another quick service restaurant with a string of Mexican eateries in Australia.

paragraph: Nazario is also co-founder of Guzman y Gomez, another Mexican food restaurant chain in Australia.

paragraph: Section::::Return to music.

paragraph: In mid-2009, Nazario left the culinary realm to once again devote himself to music. When he began to teach piano, his first student was Joanna Weinberg, singer, actress and musical theatre composer. Nazario later produced and arranged Ms Weinberg’s ‘The Piano Diaries’. He also collaborated with Ms Weinberg on a song, ‘Don’t Give Up’, which featured in the movie, ‘Goddess’ (2013), which she wrote.

paragraph: In 2013, Nazario formed a Latin jazz trio. Soon thereafter he was invited to play at the Thredbo Jazz Festival.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Patria Añorada (2000, 2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- PianoForte 1

paragraph: BULLET::::- PianoForte 2

paragraph: BULLET::::- Piano Solo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Busco Otro Corazon

paragraph: BULLET::::- Water Music: Celadon Rain 紫の雨

paragraph: BULLET::::- [http://www.cdbaby.com/cd/raphaelantonionazario2 Water Music (Murasaki) [紫の雨]]

paragraph: BULLET::::- Water Music, Mariposa Azul - 青い蝶の雨

paragraph: BULLET::::- Helen (The "Hello" Song)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Titanics 1— "Hold the Ice" (with James Pagano)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Puerto Ricans

description: Puerto Rican musician

wikidata_label: Rafael Nazario

wikipedia_title: Rafael Nazario


text:
Canadian poet
Scottish dialect
Scottish immigrants to Canada
Robert Burns
national poet
Johnstone
Scotland
Caledon Township

categories: Scottish poets,19th-century British male writers,1896 deaths,Scottish emigrants to Canada,1818 births,19th-century Canadian poets,Canadian male poets

paragraph: Alexander McLachlan (poet)

paragraph: Alexander McLachlan (1818–1896) was a Scottish born Canadian poet, who was active in the mid nineteenth century and wrote in both Scottish dialect and poetic convention of the homesickness of Scottish immigrants to Canada. Both his contemporary and later critics have called him "the Canadian Robert Burns", an earlier Scottish national poet who also authored Scottish traditional verse. McLachlan's bound verse includes the titles "The Spirit of Love" (1846), "Lyrics" (1858), "The Emigrant" (1861) and "Poems and Songs" (1871).

paragraph: McLachlan was born in Johnstone, Scotland, to Charles McLachlan and Jean Sutherland. In 1820, his father immigrated to Canada and settled in Caledon Township on 100 acres of land, leaving his family in Scotland. At some point in the 1830s, he died, leaving Alexander his land. McLachlan immigrated in 1840.

paragraph: Section::::Works available in classic reprint.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexander McLachlan, "Lyrics", Kessinger Publishing, LLC, 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexander McLachlan, "The Emigrant and Other Poems", Forgotten Books, 2012 ASIN: B008522B64

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexander McLachlan, "Poetical Works [The Poetical Works of Alexander McLachlan (1900)], selected and edited with introd. biographical sketch, notes and glossary", Ulan Press, 2012, ASN: B00AE60W7M

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: Canadian poetry/long poems/emigrant/"Introduction" in particular

description: Canadian poet

wikidata_label: Alexander McLachlan

wikipedia_title: Alexander McLachlan (poet)


text: cand.oecon.

text: Royal Frederick's

text: Norwegian Parliament

text: Liberal Party

text: Oslo

text: City Council

text: Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority

text: International Labour Organization

text: Pakistan

categories: Norwegian economists,Liberal Party (Norway) politicians,Norwegian women in politics,20th-century Norwegian politicians,1903 births,Norwegian women's rights activists,1956 deaths,Norwegian feminists,20th-century economists

paragraph: Marit Aarum

paragraph: Marit Johanne Aarum (22 April 1903 – 19 February 1956) was a Norwegian economist, liberal politician, civil servant and feminist.

paragraph: She held a cand.oecon. degree from the Royal Frederick's (1926). She was a deputy member of the Norwegian Parliament for the Liberal Party from 1954 until her death, and was President of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights from 1955 until her death (Vice President from 1952). She was also President of the Oslo branch of the Liberal Party, and a member of the City Council of Oslo.

paragraph: She was an inspector at the Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority, served as a representative of the Norwegian government to the international Labour conference in 1948, and worked as an International Labour Organization expert in Pakistan 1952–1953.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Midlertidig lov om Arbeidsvilkår for hushjelp av 3. desember 1949 : med kommentarer samt en del om Ferieloven og Syketrygdloven, 1949

description: Economist, liberal politician, civil servant and feminist

wikidata_label: Marit Aarum

wikipedia_title: Marit Aarum


text:
Brigadier General
CB
CMG
DSO
British Army
World War I
Mounted infantry
World War I
48th Brigade
16th Irish Division
Battle of Messines
Quetta Division
Sudbury

categories: Disease-related deaths in England,1875 births,Place of death missing,British Army generals of World War I,1954 deaths,Place of birth missing

paragraph: Frank William Ramsay

paragraph: Brigadier General Frank William Ramsay CB (1919), CMG (1917), DSO (1916) (10 December 1875 – 1 October 1954) was a senior British Army officer in World War I.

paragraph: Section::::Military career.

paragraph: He served with the Mounted infantry before World War I. In the war, he became commanding officer 48th Brigade of the 16th Irish Division and participated in the Battle of Messines in 1917. In 1925 he took command over a Brigade of the Quetta Division until he retired in 1929. Later he lived in Holbrook Hall, Sudbury.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ""Polo Pony Training with Some Hints on the Game"" London and Portsmouth, Gale & Polden (1928)

wikidata_label: Frank William Ramsay

wikipedia_title: Frank William Ramsay


text:
Stockholm
Lorens Pasch the Younger
Louis Masreliez
Royal Swedish Academy of Arts
Nationalmuseum
Royal Court
Charles
Rosersberg Palace
Sävstaholm Castle
Hebe
Zeus
Rosendal Palace
Lorenzo Hammarsköld
Fredrik Wilhelm Scholander
Bernadottes
Josephine
cupid
Johan Gustaf Sandberg
Saint James's Church
transfiguration of Christ
Gospels
Kungsholms Church
Turku Cathedral
Magnus Jacob Crusenstolpe
More paintings by Westin
Bukowskis

categories: 18th-century Swedish people,1782 births,19th-century Swedish painters,Swedish portrait painters,People from Stockholm,Swedish male painters,1862 deaths

paragraph: Fredric Westin

paragraph: Fredric Westin (22 September 1782, in Stockholm – 13 May 1862, in Stockholm) was a Swedish history and portrait painter.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He studied with Lorens Pasch the Younger and Louis Masreliez at the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts. In 1808, he became an "Agré" (a type of junior associate) at the Academy. Four years later, he was appointed a Director at the Nationalmuseum and joined the board of directors at the Academy. In 1815, he became a Vice-Professor and, the following year, a full Professor. He served as Director there from 1828 to 1840 and, in 1843, was appointed a "Hovintendent" (a largely honorary position) at the Royal Court.

paragraph: After 1812, many of his works were done for the Royal Families, including door panels for the bedchamber of Crown Prince (later King) Charles at Rosersberg Palace, a mural of the Four Seasons at Sävstaholm Castle, and Hebe with her father Zeus in the form of an eagle at Rosendal Palace.

paragraph: He was very popular as a portrait painter during the reign of Charles XIV, but was not universally appreciated. The well known author and art critic Lorenzo Hammarsköld felt that he had no talent. Many years later, Fredrik Wilhelm Scholander said that his portraits looked like wax figures.

paragraph: Despite the criticism, he was commissioned to do many portraits of the Bernadottes. In 1824, he created a popular allegorical painting of Crown Princess Josephine returning to Sweden, borne in the clouds by cupids. His 1838 equestrian painting of the King is also very well known.

paragraph: In 1828, after Johan Gustaf Sandberg failed to produce an altarpiece commissioned for Saint James's Church, the project was given to Westin, who completed it with a transfiguration of Christ. Over the next decade, he produced several other altarpieces on themes from the Gospels at Kungsholms Church, Turku Cathedral, Uddevalla Church and Carl Gustafs Church.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Magnus Jacob Crusenstolpe, obituary of Westin in the "Svea Folk-kalender" #175, 1863.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- More paintings by Westin @ Bukowskis.

description: Swedish painter

wikidata_label: Fredric Westin

wikipedia_title: Fredric Westin


text:
Odaenathus
Palmyra
Zenobia
Hairan II
Septimius Worod
Orontes River
Udo Hartmann
Joannes Zonaras
Maeonius
Historia Augusta
Gallienus
Udo Hartmann
Oriens et Occidens
Michael Sommer

categories: Rulers of Palmyra,Thirty Tyrants (Roman),Ancient Roman murder victims,Palmyrene Empire,3rd-century monarchs in the Middle East,Septimii,267 deaths

paragraph: Hairan I

paragraph: Septimius Herodianus or Hairan (died 267) was the son and co-king of Odaenathus of Palmyra. Through his father's marriage to Zenobia, Hairan had a half brother with the same name Hairan II.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Hairan was born the son of Odaenathus and his first (unnamed) wife, and was chosen early in his father's career as a successor. In 251 he was mentioned in an inscription together with his father as a senators and Exarch of Palmyra. Hairan was crowned King of Kings by his father; the evidence for the crowning is a dedication found inscribed on a statue base from Palmyra which is undated. However, the dedication was made by Septimius Worod as the duumviri of Palmyra, an office occupied by Worod between 263 and 264. Hence, the coronation took place c. 263. The dedication imply that Hairan defeated a Persian army on the Orontes River.

paragraph: The inscription celebrating Hairan's coronation mention him with the name Herodianus. It is possible that Hairan of the 251 inscription is not the same as Herodianus of the 263, but this is contested by Udo Hartmann who conclude that the reason for the difference in the spelling is due to the language used in the inscription (Herodianus being the Greek version), meaning that Odaenathus' eldest son and co-king is Hairan Herodianus.

paragraph: Hairan was probably murdered with his father under unclear circumstances in 267. Joannes Zonaras, called a cousin Maeonius as the murderer while the (especially with regard to the 3rd century) unreliable "Historia Augusta" indicate that Odaenathus' wife Zenobia was an instigator. Another possibility is that it was organized by Emperor Gallienus who feared Odaenathus was becoming too powerful.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thorsten Fleck: "Das Sonderreich von Palmyra. Seine Geschichte im Spiegel der römischen Münzprägung". In: Geldgeschichtliche Nachrichten 199 (September 2000), pp 245–252.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Udo Hartmann: "Das palmyrenische Teilreich (Oriens et Occidens 2)". Stuttgart 2001.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ted Kaizer: "Odaenathus von Palmyra". In: Michael Sommer (Hg.): "Politische Morde. Vom Altertum bis zur Gegenwart". Darmstadt 2005, pp 73–79.

alias: Hairan Erodes

description: Co-king of Palmyra.

wikidata_label: Septimius Herodes

wikipedia_title: Hairan I


text: nonconformist

text: Leningrad

text: spring equinox

text: war

text: Nazi Siege of Leningrad

text: history of art

text: Leningrad Repin Institute of Arts

text: Boris Ioganson

text: Leningrad Kirov Theatre

text: Natalia Makarova

text: Alla Osipenko

text: papier-mâché

text: porcelain

text: Leningrad Porcelain Factory

text: mystical

text: Papus

text: Blavatsky

text: Castaneda

text: symbolist

text: Soviet Ideology

text: KGB

text: Bolshoy Dom

text: Liteyny Avenue

text: Soviet Militia

text: perestroika

text: Soviet Union

text: underground

text: Mukhina Art and Industry Academy

text: University of Tartu

text: Estonia

text: Moscow State University

text: Leningrad State University

text: PEN Club

text: Switzerland

text: Denmark

text: Norway

text: Netherlands

text: Finland

text: Poland

text: Odessa Film Studio

text: Georgia Film Studio

text: Lenfilm

text: "Academic article by Natalia Reginskaya "Mystic pilgrim" "

text: Vladimir Lisunov’s personal exhibition "Graphic-poetic novellas"

text: Vladimir Lisunov’s painting in the Museum of Nonconformist Art

text: Works by Vladimir Lisunov in the Artliga Gallery

text: Vladimir Lisunov on the site LeningradArt.com

text: Vladimir Lisunov on the site Artindex

text: Article "Ostrov. 20 years later"

text: Vladimir Lisunov on the Register of professionals artists of Russia

categories: 20th-century Russian painters,1940 births,Soviet painters,Painters from Saint Petersburg,Russian people of Greek descent,Russian male painters,Underground culture,2000 deaths

paragraph: Vladimir Lisunov

paragraph: Vladimir Lisunov (Russian: Владимир Евгеньевич Лисунов) (21 March 1940 – 27 July 2000) was a Russian nonconformist artist, member of the Leningrad unofficial art tradition of the 1960s–80s, poet, philosopher, romantic, mystic. Known as Lis among artists and close friends.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Childhood.

paragraph: Vladimir Lisunov was born in Leningrad on the spring equinox 21 March 1940. His father, Evgenii Ivanovich Lisunov (of Greek origin) was a professional financial expert, as was his mother Valentina Filipovna Lisunova (maiden name Minina) His sister Galina Evgenievna Lisunova was born in 1935.

paragraph: Vladimir Lisunov's early childhood took place during the war years, and he and his mother and sister had to live through the Nazi Siege of Leningrad, and also through bombardment and air raids of the besieged city.

paragraph: At the age of nine he began drawing, learnt to play the violin and wrote poetry, but by the age of twelve he had realised that his vocation was painting.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Studies.

paragraph: He finished secondary school in 1957. In 1958 he graduated from a children's art school in drawing, painting, sculpture and the history of art, and began studying in the faculty of painting at the Leningrad Repin Institute of Arts. His teachers there included Boris Ioganson, Smirnov and Kiparisov.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Work.

paragraph: He worked in the Leningrad Kirov Theatre of Opera and ballet, where he created sets, sketches of costumes, and make upmake up.

paragraph: He made several sketches of costumes for the ballerinas Natalia Makarova and Alla Osipenko.

paragraph: He earned extra money by making toys out of papier-mâché, which he decorated with paint. He also decorated porcelain in the Leningrad Porcelain Factory.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Creative work.

paragraph: Vladimir Lisunov spent his whole life in constant creative searching. He was always experimenting and honing his painting technique, and explored various themes. Some of Lisunov's paintings are full of mystical images and bring us in to other worlds, whereas others depict stories from the Bible or rural landscapes. He also created a series of drawings called: ""Astral wanderings of the soul"", ""Landscapes of the soul"", ""Portrait of a woman"", ""Divas", "Aerial nudes"", ""Portraits of friends"" and ""Commuter train people"".

paragraph: Wishing to distract himself from the harsh Soviet reality, Vladimir Lisunov immersed himself in mysticism and occultism, studying works by Papus, Blavatsky, and Castaneda, which had been copied out by hand, and this undoubtedly was reflected in his work.

paragraph: Not having his own studio and confined by his living conditions, Lisunov painted some of his pictures on a stairway landing, enduring hostile looks from passing neighbours. On his days off he often went out to the countryside in the Leningrad region, where he painted his series of landscapes called ""Little villages"" and ""Winter scenes"".

paragraph: As regards Lisunov's style, he called himself a mystic symbolist.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Destruction of exhibitions.

paragraph: Vladimir Lisunov's work went against Soviet Ideology's notions of art. For this reason he was forbidden to work as an artist. Attempts to organise official exhibitions of his work were unsuccessful. He was turned down even at the very initial stages of negotiations. In the mid 1960s, having begun to exhibit his work illegally, he came under the radar of the KGB, and as a result his personal exhibitions were smashed up, and his paintings barbarically destroyed by members of the militia. But in spite of the bans, threats and hounding on the part of the KGB, Vladimir Lisunov continued to work, and in 1970–71 took part in several joint exhibitions in the studio of the artist Vladimir Ovchinnikov, which were also smashed up by members of the militia. In 1975, Lisunov planned to take part in an exhibition of avant-gardists in the "Nevsky Palace of Culture", but on the eve of the opening he was arrested by members of the KGB, and as a result he spent several days in a cell in the Bolshoy Dom on Liteyny Avenue. In this way, Vladimir Lisunov's participation in the exhibition was sabotaged. But it was there, in the confines of the KGB, sitting in a cell, Vladimir Lisunov used a pencil to draw on paper a sketch which he later used when painting the picture 'The fugitive', which became a 'calling card' of his work.

paragraph: Unfortunately, most of Vladimir Lisunov's paintings were destroyed by members of the Soviet Militia, with the sanction of the KGB, during the destruction of his exhibitions.

paragraph: Right up until 1985, Vladimir Lisunov was forced to be in a constant battle with the authorities as he attempted to assert his right to exhibit his works.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:"Ostrov" group.

paragraph: In 1985, Vladimir Lisunov joined an independent creative association of Leningrad artists called "Ostrov" (English: "The Island").

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Changes.

paragraph: In the same year 1985, with the beginning of perestroika in the Soviet Union, changes began, and forbidden artists began to be treated with more tolerance. They were given permission to exhibit their work, and Vladimir Lisunov got the chance to take part in official exhibitions. During this time he worked a lot, and made plans for future creative work, but a tragic occurrence was to destroy everything.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Death.

paragraph: On 27 July 2000 Vladimir Lisunov's life was cut short at the hand of a murderer.

paragraph: The crime was never solved.

paragraph: Section::::Personality and style.

paragraph: Contemporaries who knew Lisunov well called him Lis, and remember him as a vivid cult figure in the Leningrad underground. Naturally handsome, with a slim figure, he wore a floor-length overcoat and a scarlet scarf thrown carelessly around his neck. His head was always adorned with a wide-brimmed hat. That was his style, which was an inextricable part of his personality. It was a style which he did not change over the course of his whole life, and which was his 'calling card'. People who only saw Vladimir Lisunov once remembered his appearance for many years.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: In 1971 Vladimir Lisunov married Irina Sarapulova, a student at the Mukhina Art and Industry Academy, and she became his "Wife", "Friend" and "Muse" for the rest of his life.

paragraph: Irina Sarapulova currently lives in Saint Petersburg, promotes Vladimir Lisunov's work, and organises exhibitions.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Personal Exhibitions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1965 – Leningrad Institute of Textile and Light Industry of S.M. Kirov

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1967 – University of Tartu, (Estonia)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1968 – Moscow State University, Moscow Institute of Chemical Engineering (Moscow); The Student Campus (Leningrad)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1969 – Leningrad State University, Faculty of Journalistics (Leningrad); The Student Campus (Leningrad)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988 – "Metamorphoses by Vladimir Lisunov", Pishchevikov Culture Hall (Leningrad)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1990 – The Writers' Hall (18, Voinov Street, Leningrad) on the occasion of the 50th Anniversary

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000 – PEN Club (3, Dumskaya Street, St Petersburg) on the occasion of the 60th Anniversary; Shuvalov Palace (21, Fontanka, St Petersburg), posthumous exhibition

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007 – Museum of Nonconformist Art (10, Pushkinskaya Street, Saint Petersburg), paintings

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 – Museum of Nonconformist Art (10, Pushkinskaya Street, Saint Petersburg), graphic art

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009 – Landscape in the works of Vladimir Lisunov – Gallery "Artliga" – Saint Petersburg

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2010 – The Jewish centre (Saint Peterburg) on the occasion of the 70th Anniversary

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013 – (7 – 27 January) – Gallery "Dvoika" (Saint Peterburg)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013 – (21 March – 14 April) – Gallery ""Dvoika"" (Saint Petersburg)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014 – (31 March – 30 April) – Art-Ploshyadka ""Art Muza Loft"" (Saint Petersburg)

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Joint Exhibitions.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Joint Exhibitions.:With "The Island" Group.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987 – Culture Hall of Tsuriupa (Leningrad); Yelagin Palace on Pontonnaya Street (Leningrad); TV Centre (Leningrad)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988 – On Pontonnaya Street; "Spring '88" Moscow; Pishchevikov Culture Hall (Leningrad), Kuybyshev

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1989 – "Spring '89" (Gallery of the Artists Club "Five Corners", Pishchevikov Culture Hall)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1990 – "Ostrov '90" (The State Museum of the History of St Petersburg)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1991 – Saint Petersburg State University

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 – "The Island 20 Years Later", Exhibition Hall of the Artists Union (St Petersburg)

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Joint Exhibitions.:Jointly with the Association of Experimental Fine Arts.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995 – "The 10th Anniversary of "The Island" Group" (Museum of the Samoylov Family)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987 – Exhibition Hall of the Artists Union of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic on the Okhta, personal exhibition (Leningrad)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988 – Exhibition Hall "The Swedish Fortress" (Narva, Estonia)

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Apartment Exhibitions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970 – 1971 – Studio of Vladimir Ovchinnikov (Kustarny Lane, Leningrad)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1975 – Apartment of Turovsky on the Okhta, personal exhibition (Leningrad)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1980 – Apartment of Alla Osipenko and John Markovsky on Zheliabov Street (Leningrad)

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Other Joint Exhibitions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1978 – Biennale (Venice, Italy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1985 – "10th Anniversary of Leningrad Avant Garde" (Lenexpo, The Harbour); The Youth Palace

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1986 – The Youth Palace (Leningrad)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987 – 1991 – Exhibition Hall "The Swedish Fortress" (Narva, Estonia)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987 – 1988 – Theatre of Leninsky Komsomol (Leningrad); The Railway Workers Club; "Modern Leningrad Art" (Manege); Auction-Exhibition in Lenexpo "In the Memory of Vladimir Vysotsky"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1990 – "Leningrad: Traditions and Perestroika" (Gallery on Rue De Richelieu, Paris)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1993 – "All St Petersburg ‘93" (Manege)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995 – Auction-Exhibition, Joint-Stock Company "Pargolovsky"; Art-Mosaic (Shuvalov Palace, 21, Fontanka)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000 – Winter Salon "Happy New Year" (City Exhibition Hall "Nevograf", 3, Nevsky Prospekt)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001 – Spring Salon "Under the Female Sign" (City Exhibition Hall "Nevograf", 3, Nevsky Prospekt.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013 – VII International Biennale "Art-Bridge-Watercolor" (St-Petersburg, Russia)

paragraph: Section::::The works in museums and collections.

paragraph: The works of artist Vladimir Lisunov can be found in private collections in St Petersburg, Moscow, as well as in Estonia, France, Germany, Switzerland, Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Italy, Finland, Poland, US, Canada, Australia and Ireland.

paragraph: Section::::Poetry.

paragraph: In 2008 the publishing house 'Borey-Art', released a collection of Lisunov's poetry which contained fifty two poems and three long poems.

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 1989 he acted in the film "The Moment…", a joint production between Odessa Film Studio and Georgia Film Studio.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 1990 he acted in the motion picture "A Crystal Story" (Lenfilm), in the role of a wizard.

paragraph: Section::::Literature.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 2008 the album "Vladimir Lisunov, painting, graphics, poetry" was produced, the author-compiler was Natalia Reginskaya, the original was a draft produced by "Alpha Beta Translation Centre St Petersburg Ltd".

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 2012 Sofia Azarkhi's book, "Fashionable people" was published by Ivan Limbakh publishers (St Petersburg). One of the chapters of the book is about Vladimir Lisunov.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 2009 Aleksandr Radashkevich's novel "Lis, or the Inferno" (Aletheia publishers, St Petersburg). The prototypes of the main characters, the artist Pavel Lisanov and Karina, are Vladimir Lisunov and Irina Sarapulova.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Academic article by Natalia Reginskaya "Mystic pilgrim" "

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vladimir Lisunov’s personal exhibition "Graphic-poetic novellas"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vladimir Lisunov’s painting in the Museum of Nonconformist Art

paragraph: BULLET::::- Works by Vladimir Lisunov in the Artliga Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vladimir Lisunov on the site LeningradArt.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vladimir Lisunov on the site Artindex

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article "Ostrov. 20 years later"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vladimir Lisunov on the Register of professionals artists of Russia

description: Russian painter

wikidata_label: Vladimir Lisunov

wikipedia_title: Vladimir Lisunov