text: baseball

text: catcher

text: Major League Baseball

text: college baseball

text: Auburn University

text: University of Florida

text: College World Series

text: Los Angeles Dodgers

text: Pittsburgh Pirates

text: San Diego Padres

text: Cincinnati Reds

text: Boston Red Sox

text: Atlanta Braves

text: Chicago Cubs

text: Boston Red Sox

text: Chicago Cubs

text: Bainbridge, Georgia

text: Florida State University

text: laboratory school

text: Florida High School

text: Tallahassee, Florida

text: athletic scholarship

text: Auburn, Alabama

text: college baseball

text: Auburn Tigers baseball

text: 1997 College World Series

text: Florida State

text: Stanford

text: Florida Gators baseball

text: College World Series

text: Los Angeles Dodgers

text: Mark Grace

text: bullpen

text: Paul Lo Duca

text: Brent Mayne

text: Koyie Hill

text: Todd Hundley

text: Pittsburgh Pirates

text: San Diego Padres

text: infielder

text: J. J. Furmaniak

text: Cincinnati Reds

text: spring training

text: Washington Nationals

text: RFK Stadium

text: Ramón Ortiz

text: Bronson Arroyo

text: Boston Red Sox

text: outfielder

text: Wily Mo Peña

text: Jason LaRue

text: Javier Valentín

text: relief pitcher

text: Kansas City Royals

text: at-bat

text: strikeout

text: triple play

text: Philadelphia Phillies

text: batting average

text: Boston Red Sox

text: Atlanta Braves

text: Brian McCann

text: error

text: Wild Card Game

text: Jarrod Saltalamacchia

text: World Series championship

text: St. Louis Cardinals

text: Koji Uehara

text: Matt Carpenter

text: Jon Lester

text: personal catcher

text: Chicago Cubs

text: Milwaukee Brewers

text: Philadelphia Phillies

text: Héctor Neris

text: journeyman

text: John Scott

text: Jake Arrieta

text: Adam Morgan

text: Game 7 of the 2016 MLB World Series

text: Kansas Stars

text: season 24

text: Dancing with the Stars

text: Lindsay Arnold

text: Rashad Jennings

text: Emma Slater

text: Don Yaegar

text: Saturday Night Live

text: Kris Bryant

text: Anthony Rizzo

text: ESPN

text: color analyst

text: List of Auburn University people

text: List of Florida Gators baseball players

categories: Florida Gators baseball players,Chattanooga Lookouts players,Portland Beavers players,Pittsburgh Pirates players,Atlanta Braves players,Indianapolis Indians players,Sarasota Reds players,Cincinnati Reds players,San Antonio Missions players,Los Angeles Dodgers players,1977 births,Baseball players from Georgia (U.S. state),Major League Baseball broadcasters,Louisville Bats players,Pawtucket Red Sox players,Boston Red Sox players,Vero Beach Dodgers players,Major League Baseball catchers,Chicago Cubs players,Portland Sea Dogs players,San Bernardino Stampede players,Participants in American reality television series,Living people,American Christians,Las Vegas 51s players,Jacksonville Suns players,San Diego Padres players,People from Bainbridge, Georgia,Auburn Tigers baseball players,Rome Braves players

paragraph: David Ross (baseball)

paragraph: David Wade Ross (born March 19, 1977) is an American former professional baseball catcher in Major League Baseball (MLB). Ross played college baseball for Auburn University and the University of Florida and participated in two College World Series. He started his major league career playing for the Los Angeles Dodgers in 2002 and also played for the Pittsburgh Pirates, San Diego Padres, Cincinnati Reds, Boston Red Sox, Atlanta Braves, and Chicago Cubs. Ross won the World Series with the Boston Red Sox in 2013 and the Chicago Cubs in 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Ross was born in Bainbridge, Georgia in 1977, but was raised in Tallahassee, Florida. He was born into a family of athletes - his father, David Ross, Sr., played in a men's softball league, and his mother, Jackie, played basketball. Ross's uncles were both football players in college. He attended Florida State University's laboratory school, Florida High School, in Tallahassee, Florida, where he played high school baseball for the Florida High School Demons. Ross was the second of three children; he has an older sister, Shannon, and a younger sister, Nikki.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Ross received an athletic scholarship to attend Auburn University in Auburn, Alabama, where he played college baseball for the Auburn Tigers baseball team from 1996 to 1997. The defining moment of his college career came in the semifinal of the East Regional tournament during the 1997 College World Series when he hit a walk-off 3 run home run against Florida State to advance to the regional final. The Auburn Tigers would advance to the College World Series, getting knocked out in the 2nd round by Stanford. He transferred to the University of Florida after the 1997 season, and played one additional season of college baseball for the Florida Gators baseball team in 1998. Ross is one of the few players to have ever played in the College World Series with two different colleges, first with the Tigers in 1997, and then the Gators in 1998. Ross decided to forgo his final season of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) eligibility after his junior season with the Gators, when he was drafted by the Los Angeles Dodgers.

paragraph: Section::::MLB career.

paragraph: Section::::MLB career.:Los Angeles Dodgers.

paragraph: Ross was originally drafted in the 19th round of the 1995 amateur draft by the Los Angeles Dodgers, but did not sign and instead accepted a scholarship to attend Auburn University. In 1998, the Dodgers selected Ross again in the 7th round of the amateur draft.

paragraph: Ross made his MLB debut on June 29, 2002, striking out as a pinch hitter. On September 2, 2002, with the Dodgers winning 18–0, the Diamondbacks put first baseman Mark Grace in to pitch, after he volunteered, to rest the bullpen. Ross hit his 1st major league home run off Grace with two outs in the 9th inning, capping a 19-1 win. Ross's Dodger career was stalled, however, by the large number of catchers in the Dodger system. Paul Lo Duca was the starting catcher through most of Ross's time in Los Angeles, and teammates like Brent Mayne, Koyie Hill, and Todd Hundley competed with him for playing time. Ross was with the team until 2004.

paragraph: Ross hit six home runs in his first 27 career at-bats, spanning from 2002 to 2003, the 3rd most in the first 27 career at-bats in Dodgers history.

paragraph: Section::::MLB career.:Pittsburgh Pirates/San Diego Padres.

paragraph: Ross's contract was sold by the Dodgers to the Pittsburgh Pirates on March 30, 2005. After 40 games with the Pirates, he was traded to the San Diego Padres on July 28, 2005 for infielder J. J. Furmaniak. He played in only 11 games with the Padres.

paragraph: Section::::MLB career.:Cincinnati Reds.

paragraph: The Padres traded Ross to the Cincinnati Reds during spring training for the 2006 season. On January 15, 2006, Ross signed a two-year, $4.54m deal with the Reds. On April 26, 2006, against the Washington Nationals at the Nationals' former home field, the expansive, pitcher-friendly RFK Stadium, and while facing right-hander (and former Red) Ramón Ortiz in the third inning, Ross blasted a pitch deep into the upper deck stands in right-center field. The home run traveled an estimated 474 feet (144.7 m).

paragraph: While Ross was most often used as the "personal catcher" for right-hander Bronson Arroyo, whom the Reds received in a spring training trade with the Boston Red Sox for outfielder Wily Mo Peña, the consensus among Reds fans was that Ross had proven himself deserving of being the number-one catcher due to his better offensive numbers and that one of the other Reds catchers, Jason LaRue or Javier Valentín, should have been traded (possibly as part of a package deal) for a relief pitcher. LaRue was the one most frequently cited, but no deal was made by the July 31 trade deadline. Ostensibly, Ross was the number-one catcher.

paragraph: On November 20, 2006, LaRue was traded to the Kansas City Royals for a player to be named later. Ross's 2007 season started with 4 hits in 38 at-bats with no home runs and 17 strikeouts. On April 21, 2007, his slump hit rock bottom when with runners on first and second base, he grounded into a rare 5–4–3 triple play against the Philadelphia Phillies. Ross finished the 2007 season with a .203 batting average and 17 home runs. On August 10, 2008, Ross was designated for assignment and was released on August 18.

paragraph: Section::::MLB career.:Boston Red Sox.

paragraph: Ross signed a minor-league contract with the Boston Red Sox on August 22, 2008. He came up to the MLB club on August 29 and became a free agent after the season.

paragraph: Section::::MLB career.:Atlanta Braves.

paragraph: The Atlanta Braves signed Ross to a two-year, $3 million deal on December 5, 2008.

paragraph: In 2009, Ross hit .273 in 54 games. On July 27, 2010, he signed a two-year extension to stay with the Braves through 2012. He managed to hit a career high .289 for the Braves in 59 games in 2010.

paragraph: Ross was the Atlanta Braves secondary catcher behind Brian McCann for his four seasons with the Braves. His hot start in the 2011 season (hitting .333 after starting 7 games, with 3 home runs) highlighted his strengths, as Ross has always been known as a strong defensive catcher (in 2009, he committed one error in 52 games). Ross hit the first ever home run in the Wild Card Game when the new playoff format was introduced in 2012.

paragraph: Section::::MLB career.:Boston Red Sox (second stint).

paragraph: Ross signed a two-year, $6.2 million deal on November 10, 2012, to return to the Red Sox as "more than a backup but not a starter" behind primary catcher Jarrod Saltalamacchia.

paragraph: Ross suffered two concussions during the 2013 season and spent over two months on the disabled list; however, his health returned and he played a key role in Boston's run to the World Series championship over the St. Louis Cardinals that year, starting in four games during the series and driving in the game-winning run with an RBI double in Game 5. He was also behind the plate to catch the series-clinching out in Game 6 when Koji Uehara struck out Matt Carpenter.

paragraph: In 2014, Ross played as Jon Lester's personal catcher.

paragraph: Section::::MLB career.:Chicago Cubs.

paragraph: The Chicago Cubs announced on December 23, 2014, that they had signed Ross to a two-year, $5 million contract.

paragraph: On May 9, 2015, in his first appearance as a pitcher in his professional baseball career, Ross recorded a perfect inning against the Milwaukee Brewers. On July 26, he repeated the feat against the Philadelphia Phillies, then led off the next inning by hitting a home run off of Héctor Neris.

paragraph: In April 2016, a grassroots campaign was formed to vote the journeyman catcher into the 2016 All Star Game. The movement drew comparisons to hockey player John Scott's fan selection to the 2016 NHL All Star Game. On April 21, 2016, Ross caught his first no-hitter, against the Cincinnati Reds, his former team, with starting pitcher Jake Arrieta. Ross hit his 100th home run off of Adam Morgan of the Philadelphia Phillies on May 27, 2016.

paragraph: Ross announced his plans to retire following the 2016 season, after playing 15 seasons in the major leagues. During Game 7 of the 2016 MLB World Series, Ross hit a home run making him the oldest player to do so in World Series history. On January 14, 2017, the Cubs named Ross as a special assistant to baseball operations for the 2017 season.

paragraph: Section::::MLB career.:Kansas Stars.

paragraph: Following his retirement from the MLB, Ross joined the Kansas Stars, an independent baseball team made of former MLB stars who play an abbreviated tournament lasting a few weeks out of the year.

paragraph: Section::::"Dancing with the Stars".

paragraph: On March 1, 2017, Ross was revealed as one of the contestants on season 24 of "Dancing with the Stars" and was paired with professional dancer Lindsay Arnold. Ross is the first professional baseball player ever to compete on the show. Despite only having the sixth-highest scoring average, Ross and Arnold outlasted higher-scoring couples and ended up placing runner-up to winner Rashad Jennings and partner Emma Slater.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Ross is married to his high school sweetheart, Hyla Ross. She is a licensed pediatric nurse in the ICU and is highly involved in charities. Together they have three children. As of 2016, they resided in Tallahassee, Florida.

paragraph: Ross is a Christian.

paragraph: Section::::Retirement.

paragraph: Ross announced that he was going to retire after his final championship season with the Chicago Cubs. Since his retirement, Ross has worked with several Chicago charities including Cradle to Crayons that benefits underprivileged Chicago youth.

paragraph: He is a very family-oriented man and plans to make up his lost time with his children. Since he has been busy on the road playing baseball, he wants to enjoy time with his children and enjoy everyday life with them. He plans to coach his son Cole's baseball team.

paragraph: Ross worked with author Don Yaegar, on a book titled " Teammate: My Life in Baseball," which was published in May 2017.

paragraph: He has made an appearance on "Saturday Night Live, " along with some of his teammates, to celebrate the Cubs championship win. Ross has also made an appearance in the recent commercials for "The Bryzzo Souvenir Company". He is an intern trying to meet the standards and requests of his bosses, Kris Bryant and Anthony Rizzo.

paragraph: ESPN hired Ross as a baseball color analyst in January 2017.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Auburn University people

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball players with a home run in their final major league at bat

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Florida Gators baseball players

description: American baseball player, catcher

wikidata_label: David Ross

wikipedia_title: David Ross (baseball)


text:
Merseburg
German
diver
1980 Olympic Games
Moscow
10 metre platform

categories: 1960 births,Olympic gold medalists for East Germany,German female divers,Olympic divers of East Germany,Divers at the 1980 Summer Olympics,World Aquatics Championships medalists,Olympic medalists in diving,Medalists at the 1980 Summer Olympics,Living people,People from Merseburg

paragraph: Martina Jäschke

paragraph: Martina Jäschke (later Scheidewig then Fülle, born 6 May 1960 in Merseburg) is a German diver and Olympic champion. She competed at the 1980 Olympic Games in Moscow, where she received a gold medal in the 10 metre platform event.

description: East German diver

wikidata_label: Martina Jäschke

wikipedia_title: Martina Jäschke


text:
Diocese of Kolberg
Hassegau
Duchy of Saxony
Holy Roman Emperor
Otto III
Polish
Boleslaw I
Congress of Gniezno
Archbishopric of Gniezno
Diocese of Kołobrzeg
Christianization
Pomeranians
Baltic Sea
Holy Oil
Holy Water
Sviatopolk
prince of Turov
Kievan Rus'
prince Vladimir

categories: 11th-century bishops,History of Pomerania

paragraph: Reinbern

paragraph: Reinbern (-1013/15) was the only bishop of the short-lived Diocese of Kolberg) (1000-~1007).

paragraph: Reinbern was born in the Hassegau area of the medieval Duchy of Saxony. When Holy Roman Emperor Otto III met with his friend, the Polish duke Boleslaw I in the Congress of Gniezno (Gnesen), the Archbishopric of Gniezno was founded. One of Gniezno's subordinated bishoprics was the Diocese of Kołobrzeg., Its purpose was to advance the Christianization of the pagan Pomeranians that shortly before had been subdued by the Poles. Reinbern was made bishop. It is documented that he "baptized" the Baltic Sea by spilling Holy Oil and Holy Water into the sea. He also demolished shrines of pagan gods in Pomerania. Yet, after his bishopric was driven out during a pagan uprising, he returned to Boleslaw's court. In 1009, he accompanied Boleslaw to the marriage arranged between Boleslaw's daughter and Sviatopolk, prince of Turov (Turaŭ) in the Kievan Rus', where an internal Kievian crisis involving Boleslaw's daughter led to the arrest of Reinbern by prince Vladimir. Soon afterwards, he died imprisoned in 1012.

description: German priest

wikidata_label: Reinbern

wikipedia_title: Reinbern


text:
Swedish
the Hellacopters
Nicke Andersson
Entombed
the mc5
the Ramones
Sex Pistols
the Damned
the Rolling Stones
ZZ Top
the Flaming Sideburns
Backyard Babies
Gluecifer
Head Off
Robert Dahlqvist
Thunder Express
Entombed
Fender Jazz Bass
Orange
Ampeg
Entombed
Clandestine
Wolverine Blues
Hollowman
Supershitty to the Max!
Payin' the Dues
Grande Rock
High Visibility
Wayne Kramer
By the Grace of God
Rock & Roll Is Dead
Thunder Express
Head Off
Official Hellacopters website
Official Hellacopters MySpace

categories: Swedish male musicians,1972 births,21st-century bass guitarists,Living people,Swedish bass guitarists,21st-century male musicians

paragraph: Kenny Håkansson

paragraph: Kenny Håkansson is a Swedish musician, best known as the bassist for the Hellacopters. The Hellacopters were founded by Håkansson's childhood friend Nicke Andersson as a side project to his role as a drummer in the heavy metal band Entombed.

paragraph: Section::::Recording career.

paragraph: During his younger years Håkansson regularly went through his father's record collection along with Andersson, and the two soon became fans of bands such as the mc5, the Ramones, Sex Pistols, the Damned and the Rolling Stones.

paragraph: The Hellacopters have released six full-length albums with their own material, two non-album work compilations, and many other official releases. They have also done several tours throughout Scandinavia, Europe, the U.S.A., and Australia; they have opened for the Rolling Stones, KISS, and ZZ Top, and collaborated with artists such as Scott Morgan, the Flaming Sideburns, Backyard Babies, Quadrajets and Gluecifer. In late 2007 the band announced that they were going to break up after the release of their collection of cover songs, "Head Off", and their "Tour Before the Fall" which ended in late October 2008.

paragraph: Besides his work with the Hellacopters, Håkansson has also contributed songs for his bandmate Robert Dahlqvist's side project Thunder Express, The doits albums, as well as with lyrics for Entombed's early records. He also recorded and toured with Art-rock band Sofia Härdig and The Needles. He is now playing bass with Mary´s Kids.

paragraph: Håkansson's main instrument is a highly road-worn 1969 Fender Jazz Bass with almost all its paint stripped off due to constant use. For amplification Håkansson uses an Orange OR120 amplifier head which he runs through an Ampeg 8x10 cabinet; he occasionally also uses an Ampeg head with the same cabinet.

paragraph: Section::::Selected discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992 Entombed - "Clandestine" (Lyrics)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992 Entombed - "Stranger Aeons" (Lyrics)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1993 Entombed - "Wolverine Blues" (Lyrics)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1993 Entombed - "Hollowman" (Lyrics)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996 The Hellacopters - "Supershitty to the Max!" (Bass)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997 The Hellacopters - "Payin' the Dues" (Bass)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999 The Hellacopters - "Grande Rock" (Bass)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000 The Hellacopters - "High Visibility" (Bass)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002 Wayne Kramer - "Adult World" (Bass)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002 The Hellacopters - "By the Grace of God" (Bass)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005 The Hellacopters - "Rock & Roll Is Dead" (Bass, backing vocals)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007 Thunder Express - "Republic Disgrace" (Lyrics)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 The Hellacopters - "Head Off" (Bass)

paragraph: BULLET::::- TBA The Hellacopter - Upcoming live album (Bass)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Hellacopters website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Hellacopters MySpace

description: Swedish musician

wikidata_label: Kenny Håkansson

wikipedia_title: Kenny Håkansson


text:
footballer
Al Wasl
attacking midfielder
Nova Erechim
Santa Catarina
Paraná Clube
Corinthians Alagoano
CSA
Vitória da Conquista
Feirense
Série B
CRB
substitute
São Caetano
the campaign
Guarani
Botafogo-SP
Criciúma
Série A
Serginho
Grêmio
ABC
Penapolense
2015 Campeonato Paulista
Santos
the B-team
penalty
Ituano
Audax
the final
Al-Wasl
Campeonato Paulista
2016
Santos FC profile

categories: Guarani FC players,Centro Sportivo Alagoano players,Al-Fujairah SC players,Brazilian expatriate sportspeople in the United Arab Emirates,Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players,Campeonato Brasileiro Série B players,Clube Atlético Penapolense players,Clube de Regatas Brasil players,Brazilian footballers,Botafogo Futebol Clube (SP) players,Santos FC players,Criciúma Esporte Clube players,Paraná Clube players,1992 births,Sport Club Corinthians Alagoano players,Expatriate footballers in the United Arab Emirates,People from Santa Catarina (state),Brazilian expatriate footballers,Association football midfielders,Living people,ABC Futebol Clube players,Campeonato Brasileiro Série D players,Al Wasl FC players

paragraph: Ronaldo Mendes

paragraph: Ronaldo César Mendes de Medeiros (born 16 August 1992), known as Ronaldo Mendes or simply Ronaldo, is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Emirati club Al Wasl as an attacking midfielder.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Early career.

paragraph: Born in Nova Erechim, Santa Catarina, Ronaldo was a Paraná Clube youth graduate, but after failing to make his breakthrough, he moved to Corinthians Alagoano in 2011. The following year, he joined CSA, and made his debut for the club on 24 June 2012 by starting and scoring a brace in a 3–1 home win against Vitória da Conquista.

paragraph: Ronaldo scored four goals in a 5–0 home routing of Feirense on 12 August 2012. On 19 September, after scoring nine goals in nine matches, he signed for Série B side CRB.

paragraph: Ronaldo made his professional debut on 22 September 2012, coming on as a half-time substitute and scoring his team's first in a 2–3 away loss against São Caetano. He finished the campaign with ten appearances, as his side suffered relegation.

paragraph: In January 2013 Ronaldo moved to Guarani, on loan from Paraná. On 8 November, after struggling with injuries, he rescinded his contract.

paragraph: On 13 December 2013 Ronaldo joined Botafogo-SP, but was released shortly after. On 1 August 2014, he signed a short-term deal with Criciúma in Série A, after being previously training with the club.

paragraph: Ronaldo made his debut in the main category of Brazilian football on 17 August 2014, replacing Serginho in a 0–2 away loss against Grêmio. In September he rescinded his link, and moved to ABC.

paragraph: After representing Penapolense in 2015 Campeonato Paulista, Ronaldo returned to ABC on 20 April 2015. He appeared regularly for the side, featuring in 23 matches and scoring three goals.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Santos.

paragraph: On 19 December 2015 Ronaldo signed a one-year deal with Santos. Initially assigned to the B-team, he was promoted to the main squad in the following month.

paragraph: Ronaldo made his debut for "Peixe" on 6 February 2016, coming on as a second-half substitute and suffering a late penalty in a 2–1 home win against Ituano. On 10 April, again from the bench, he scored the winner in a home success over Audax for the same scoreline; he scored the equalizer against the same team in the first leg of the final, as his side was crowned champions in a 2–1 aggregate win.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Al-Wasl.

paragraph: On 7 July 2016, Ronaldo moved abroad for the first time in his career, joining Emirati club Al-Wasl.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Santos

paragraph: BULLET::::- Campeonato Paulista: 2016

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Santos FC profile

description: Brazilian association football player

wikidata_label: Ronaldo Mendes

wikipedia_title: Ronaldo Mendes


text:
Modern Turkish
Ottoman
calligrapher
Hâfiz Osman
Sülüs
Nesih
İsmail Zühdi Efendi
Hâfiz Osman
Jali
Thuluth
tughra
Turkish
realist
Selim III
Culture of the Ottoman Empire
Islamic calligraphy
List of Ottoman calligraphers
Ottoman art

categories: 18th-century artists of the Ottoman Empire,Muslim artists,1826 deaths,Calligraphers of the Ottoman Empire,1757 births,Ottoman culture

paragraph: Mustafa Râkim

paragraph: Mustafa Râkim (; Modern Turkish: "Mustafa Râkım") (1757–1826), was an Ottoman calligrapher. He extended and reformed Hâfiz Osman's style, placing greater emphasis on technical perfection, which broadened the calligraphic art to encompass the Sülüs script as well as the Nesih script.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Mustafa Râkim was born in Unye on the Black Sea in 1758. When he was very young, his father, Mehmed Kaptan, took him to Istanbul to live with his brother, İsmail Zühdi Efendi, who was an established calligrapher. After Ismail was appointed as an instructor of calligraphy at the Imperial Palace , the young Râkim received his formal training there studying under his brother. Mustafa Râkim would become Ismail Zühidi's most celebtrated pupil.

paragraph: Ismail Zühidi and Mustafa Râkim went on to develop their own style of calligraphy based on the work of Hâfiz Osman. They were able to develop a style of "celî sülüs" that was aesthetically pleasing, something that other calligraphers had not been able to do. Râkim also reformed the calligraphic shape of the tughra script.

paragraph: With the revolutionary changes brought about in calligraphy by Mustafa Râkim, scholars treat Turkish calligraphic art history into two key eras: "Pre-Râkim" and "Post-Râkim". He was able to accomplish what nobody before him could in the Jali-Thuluth script and tughras of sultans. By finding the ideal measurement between the letter thickness and pen (writing tool) thickness, he established the style and form for the ideal beauty of tughras.

paragraph: He is regarded as the first great Turkish painter in the Western sense of painting. His bird, parrot, painting is considered to be the first realist work of Turkish painting. He drew a portrait of Sultan Selim III who was amazed by his work and recited a poem in his honor in return.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Culture of the Ottoman Empire

paragraph: BULLET::::- Islamic calligraphy

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Ottoman calligraphers

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ottoman art

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rapture and revolution: essays on Turkish literature, Talât Sait Halman, Jayne L. Warner, 2007

description: Ottoman calligrapher

wikidata_label: Mustafa Rakım Efendi

wikipedia_title: Mustafa Râkim


text:
judge
Queen's Bench
High Court
South Eastern Circuit
judge
Whitgift School
St Edmund Hall, Oxford
Lincoln's Inn
QC
King's Bench Walk
The Lawyer
Stephen Tomlinson
Julian Flaux
Gavin Kealey
recorder
High Court judge
Mr Justice Bean
Mr Justice Sweeney
2007 royal blackmail plot
trial of Armel Gnango
Roshonara Choudhry
Pakistan cricket spot-fixing scandal
Tom Hayes
Harlequin F.C.

categories: 1949 births,Alumni of St Edmund Hall, Oxford,People educated at Whitgift School,English Queen's Counsel,Knights Bachelor,Living people

paragraph: Jeremy Cooke

paragraph: Sir Jeremy Lionel Cooke (born 28 April 1949), styled The Hon. Mr Justice Cooke, has been a judge at the Queen's Bench in the High Court since 2001 and was a presiding judge for the South Eastern Circuit since 2007. He retired in 2016, after 15 years as a judge.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Educated at Whitgift School in Croydon and St Edmund Hall, Oxford, he became a solicitor in 1973 and was called to the Bar at Lincoln's Inn in 1976.

paragraph: He became a QC in 1990, working at 7 King's Bench Walk, where he was noted as a leading "commercial silk" by "The Lawyer", who said he specialised in "energy, insurance and reinsurance, professional negligence and shipping and maritime law." He became head of chambers in May 2000, replacing Stephen Tomlinson, who left and became a high court judge. Cooke himself became a judge in 2001, being replaced by Julian Flaux QC and Gavin Kealey QC as head of chambers. He acted as an assistant recorder 1994-8 then as a recorder 1998-2001.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:High Court.

paragraph: Cooke was knighted in 2001, and that October he became a High Court judge, Queen's Bench Division, Commercial. With Mr Justice Bean, he became a presiding judge over the South Eastern Circuit on 1 January 2007. He was succeeded by Mr Justice Sweeney on 1 January 2012. Among the cases he has presided over as judge were the 2007 royal blackmail plot, the trial of Armel Gnango for the murder of Magda Pniewska, the trial of Roshonara Choudhry for stabbing Stephen Timms MP and the 2011 Pakistan cricket spot-fixing scandal.

paragraph: Between 2013 and 2016, he presided over the case of "R v Tom Hayes", which saw him hand the largest ever sentence for white collar crime in the UK. His last case was about the seizure of Hayes's assets, in which he ordered the payment of £878,806. He then retired in 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: He was a member of Harlequin F.C. from 1970-5. He has been vice-chairman of LICC Ltd since 1999 and was vice-president of the Lawyers' Christian Fellowship 2003-2010.

description: British judge

wikidata_label: Jeremy Cooke

wikipedia_title: Jeremy Cooke


text: pharaoh

text: Early Dynastic Period

text: ancient Egypt

text: Upper and Lower Egypt

text: First Dynasty

text: Naqada III

text: Narmer

text: Hor-Aha

text: Turin

text: Abydos King List

text: Nineteenth Dynasty

text: New Kingdom

text: I.E.S. Edwards

text: epithet

text: Naqada III

text: Ka

text: Scorpion II

text: Narmer

text: Manetho

text: Ptolemaic Kingdom

text: Herodotus

text: Min

text: Narmer

text: ivory

text: Nagada

text: royal Horus-name

text: Hor-Aha

text: royal "nebty"-name

text: Flinders Petrie

text: Djer

text: John Gardner Wilkinson

text: Jean-François Champollion

text: August Böckh

text: Christian Charles Josias Bunsen

text: Reginald Stuart Poole

text: Karl Richard Lepsius

text: Heinrich Karl Brugsch

text: Franz Joseph Lauth

text: Auguste Mariette

text: James Strong

text: Flinders Petrie

text: culture hero

text: Palermo Stone

text: Fifth Dynasty

text: Horus

text: novel

text: Hellenistic period

text: Romulus

text: ancient Rome

text: Thinis

text: Memphis

text: Nile

text: levee

text: Third Dynasty

text: Iry-Hor

text: Sinai Peninsula

text: 32nd century BC

text: Diodorus Siculus

text: Twenty-fourth Dynasty

text: Tefnakht

text: Plutarch

text: Thebes

text: crocodile

text: Sobek

text: Crocodilopolis

text: Lake Moeris

text: George Stanley Faber

text: Noah

text: flood myth

text: Gaston Maspero

text: Twelfth Dynasty

text: Amenemhat III

text: hippopotamus

text: Alexander Dow

text: Scottish

text: orientalist

text: playwright

text: lead

text: dramatis personæ

text: Seraphis

text: Samuel Reddish

text: David Garrick

text: Theatre Royal, Drury Lane

text: Mannus

text: Germanic mythology

text: Minos

text: Manu (Hinduism)

text: Nu'u

text: Nüwa

text: Noah

text: Min (god)

text: Narmer

text: Hor-Aha

text: Thinis

categories: Pharaohs of the First Dynasty of Egypt,31st-century BC Pharaohs,32nd-century BC Pharaohs,Deaths due to hippopotamus attacks,People whose existence is disputed,Egyptian mythology

paragraph: Menes

paragraph: Menes (fl. c. 3200–3000 BC) (; , probably pronounced *; ) was a pharaoh of the Early Dynastic Period of ancient Egypt credited by classical tradition with having united Upper and Lower Egypt and as the founder of the First Dynasty.

paragraph: The identity of Menes is the subject of ongoing debate, although mainstream Egyptological consensus identifies Menes with the Naqada III ruler Narmer (most likely) or First Dynasty pharaoh Hor-Aha. Both pharaohs are credited with the unification of Egypt to different degrees by various authorities.

paragraph: Section::::Name and identity.

paragraph: The Egyptian form, "mnj", is taken from the Turin and Abydos King Lists, which are dated to the Nineteenth Dynasty, whose pronunciation has been reconstructed as . By the early New Kingdom, changes in the Egyptian language meant his name was already pronounced . The name "mnj" means "He who endures", which, I.E.S. Edwards (1971) suggests, may have been coined as "a mere descriptive epithet denoting a semi-legendary hero [...] whose name had been lost". Rather than a particular person, the name may conceal collectively the Naqada III rulers: Ka, Scorpion II and Narmer.

paragraph: The commonly-used name "Menes" derives from Manetho, an Egyptian historian and priest who lived during the pre-Coptic period of the Ptolemaic Kingdom. Manetho noted the name in Greek as Μήνης ( "Mênês"). An alternative Greek form, Μιν ( "Min"), was cited by the fifth-century-BC historian Herodotus, but is a variant no longer accepted; it appears to have been the result of contamination from the name of the god Min.

paragraph: Section::::Name and identity.:Narmer and Menes.

paragraph: The almost complete absence of any mention of Menes in the archaeological record and the comparative wealth of evidence of Narmer, a protodynastic figure credited by posterity and in the archaeological record with a firm claim to the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, has given rise to a theory identifying Menes with Narmer.

paragraph: The chief archaeological reference to Menes is an ivory label from Nagada which shows the royal Horus-name "Aha" (the pharaoh Hor-Aha) next to a building, within which is the royal "nebty"-name "mn", generally taken to be Menes. From this, various theories on the nature of the building (a funerary booth or a shrine), the meaning of the word "mn" (a name or the verb "endures") and the relationship between Hor-Aha and Menes (as one person or as successive pharaohs) have arisen.

paragraph: The Turin and Abydos king lists, generally accepted to be correct, list the "nesu-bit"-names of the pharaohs, not their Horus-names, and are vital to the potential reconciliation of the various records: the "nesu-bit"-names of the king lists, the Horus-names of the archaeological record and the number of pharaohs in Dynasty I according to Manetho and other historical sources.

paragraph: Flinders Petrie first attempted this task, associating "Iti" with Djer as the third pharaoh of Dynasty I, "Teti" (Turin) (or another "Iti" (Abydos)) with Hor-Aha as second pharaoh, and Menes (a "nebty"-name) with Narmer (a Horus-name) as first pharaoh of Dynasty I. Lloyd (1994) finds this succession "extremely probable", and Cervelló-Autuori (2003) categorically states that "Menes is Narmer and the First Dynasty begins with him". However, Seidlmayer (2004) states that it is "a fairly safe inference" that Menes was Hor-Aha.

paragraph: Section::::Dates.

paragraph: Egyptologists, archaeologists, and scholars from the 19th century have proposed different dates for the era of Menes, or the date of the first dynasty:

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Gardner Wilkinson (1835) – 2320 BC

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean-François Champollion (1840) – 5867 BC

paragraph: BULLET::::- August Böckh (1845) – 5702 BC

paragraph: BULLET::::- Christian Charles Josias Bunsen (1848) – 3623 BC

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reginald Stuart Poole (1851) – 2717 BC

paragraph: BULLET::::- Karl Richard Lepsius (1856) – 3892 BC

paragraph: BULLET::::- Heinrich Karl Brugsch (1859) – 4455 BC

paragraph: BULLET::::- Franz Joseph Lauth (1869) – 4157 BC

paragraph: BULLET::::- Auguste Mariette (1871) – 5004 BC

paragraph: BULLET::::- James Strong (1878) – 2515 BC

paragraph: BULLET::::- Flinders Petrie (1887) – 4777 BC

paragraph: Modern consensus dates the era of Menes or the start of the first dynasty between c. 3200–3030 BC; some academic literature uses c. 3000 BC.

paragraph: Section::::History.

paragraph: By 500 BC, mythical and exaggerated claims had made Menes a culture hero, and most of what is known of him comes from a much later time.

paragraph: Ancient tradition ascribed to Menes the honour of having united Upper and Lower Egypt into a single kingdom and becoming the first pharaoh of the First Dynasty. However, his name does not appear on extant pieces of the Royal Annals (Cairo Stone and Palermo Stone), which is a now-fragmentary king's list that was carved onto a stela during the Fifth Dynasty. He typically appears in later sources as the first human ruler of Egypt, directly inheriting the throne from the god Horus. He also appears in other, much later, king's lists, always as the first human pharaoh of Egypt. Menes also appears in demotic novels of the Hellenistic period, demonstrating that, even that late, he was regarded as an important figure.

paragraph: Menes was seen as a founding figure for much of the history of ancient Egypt, similar to Romulus in ancient Rome. Manetho records that Menes "led the army across the frontier and won great glory".

paragraph: Section::::History.:Capital.

paragraph: Manetho associates the city of Thinis with the Early Dynastic Period and, in particular, Menes, a "Thinite" or native of Thinis. Herodotus contradicts Manetho in stating that Menes founded the city of Memphis as his capital after diverting the course of the Nile through the construction of a levee. Manetho ascribes the building of Memphis to Menes' son, Athothis, and calls no pharaohs earlier than Third Dynasty "Memphite".

paragraph: Herodotus and Manetho's stories of the foundation of Memphis are probably later inventions: in 2012 a relief mentioning the visit of Memphis by Iry-Hor—a predynastic ruler of Upper Egypt reigning before Narmer—was discovered in the Sinai Peninsula, indicating that the city was already in existence in the early 32nd century BC.

paragraph: Section::::History.:Cultural influence.

paragraph: Diodorus Siculus stated that Menes had introduced the worship of the gods and the practice of sacrifice as well as a more elegant and luxurious style of living. For this latter invention, Menes' memory was dishonoured by the Twenty-fourth Dynasty pharaoh Tefnakht and Plutarch mentions a pillar at Thebes on which was inscribed an imprecation against Menes as the introducer of luxury.

paragraph: In Pliny's account, Menes was credited with being the inventor of writing in Egypt.

paragraph: Section::::History.:Crocodile episode.

paragraph: Diodorus Siculus recorded a story of Menes related by the priests of the crocodile god Sobek at Crocodilopolis, in which the pharaoh Menes, attacked by his own dogs while out hunting, fled across Lake Moeris on the back of a crocodile and, in thanks, founded the city of Crocodilopolis.

paragraph: George Stanley Faber (1816), taking the word "campsa" to mean either "crocodile" or "ark" and preferring the latter, identifies Menes with Noah and the entire story as a flood myth.

paragraph: Gaston Maspero (1910), while acknowledging the possibility that traditions relating to other kings may have become mixed up with this story, dismisses the suggestions of some commentators that the story should be transferred to the Twelfth Dynasty pharaoh Amenemhat III and sees no reason to doubt that Diodorus did not correctly record a tradition of Menes. Later, Edwards (1974) states that "the legend, which is obviously filled with anachronisms, is patently devoid of historical value".

paragraph: Section::::History.:Death.

paragraph: According to Manetho, Menes reigned for 62 years and was killed by a hippopotamus.

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: Alexander Dow (1735/6–79), a Scottish orientalist and playwright, wrote the tragedy "Sethona", set in ancient Egypt. The lead part of Menes is described in the "dramatis personæ" as "next male-heir to the crown" now worn by Seraphis, and was played by Samuel Reddish in a 1774 production by David Garrick at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mannus, ancestral figure in Germanic mythology

paragraph: BULLET::::- Minos, king of Crete, son of Zeus and Europa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Manu (Hinduism), Progenitor of humanity

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nu'u, Hawaiian mythological character who built an ark and escaped a Great Flood

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nüwa, goddess in Chinese mythology best known for creating mankind

paragraph: BULLET::::- Noah

paragraph: BULLET::::- Min (god)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Narmer

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hor-Aha

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thinis

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- .

paragraph: BULLET::::- .

paragraph: BULLET::::- .

paragraph: BULLET::::- . Available online .

paragraph: BULLET::::- .

paragraph: BULLET::::- .

paragraph: BULLET::::- .

paragraph: BULLET::::- .

paragraph: BULLET::::- .

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- .

description: Founder of Manetho's 1st dynasty and unifier of Egypt

wikidata_label: Menes

wikipedia_title: Menes


text: Phil Archer

text: BBC Radio 4

text: The Archers

text: Light Programme

text: Guinness World Records

text: Patricia Greene

text: Leamington Spa

text: railway signalman

text: Leamington College

text: King Edward VI School, Nuneaton

text: University of Birmingham

text: Christ Church, Oxford

text: Exeter College, Oxford

text: BBC radio

text: Oxford University Dramatic Society

text: Edward J. Mason

text: Geoffrey Webb

text: David Turner

text: Ambridge

text: Dan Archer

text: Grace Archer

text: ITV

text: OBE

text: This Is Your Life

text: pancreatitis

text: retinal detachment

text: prostate

text: bladder cancer

text: Warmington

text: St Martin-in-the-Fields

text: Birmingham University

text: BBC Obituary

text: Norman Painting

categories: English male soap opera actors,People from Royal Leamington Spa,Cancer survivors,Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford,English male radio actors,2009 deaths,1924 births,Alumni of the University of Birmingham,Officers of the Order of the British Empire,English radio writers

paragraph: Norman Painting

paragraph: Norman George Painting (23 April 1924 – 29 October 2009) was an English actor, broadcaster and writer. He played Phil Archer in the BBC Radio 4 soap opera "The Archers" from the pilot episodes aired on the BBC Midlands Home Service in summer 1950, after the series went national on the Light Programme on 1 January 1951, until his death in 2009, when he was the longest-serving member of the cast. His last episode, recorded two days before he died, was broadcast on 22 November 2009. The character lived on until Phil was "found dead" in his armchair in February 2010. According to "Guinness World Records", Painting held the world record for an actor playing a continuous role, a total of 59 years, which has now been surpassed by co-actor Lesley Saweard and co-star Patricia Greene.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Painting was born in Leamington Spa, the son of a railway signalman. He was educated at Leamington College and King Edward VI School, Nuneaton, but left school aged 15 to work in a library. He was found to be medically unfit for military service in the Second World War, and studied English at the University of Birmingham instead, graduating with a first-class degree. He did post-graduate research at Christ Church, Oxford, and then became a tutor in Anglo-Saxon at Exeter College, Oxford.

paragraph: Section::::Radio career.

paragraph: He began to appear on BBC radio while at the University of Birmingham, and continued while also performing as an actor with Oxford University Dramatic Society. He left Oxford University in 1949 to work for the BBC in Birmingham.

paragraph: Painting had worked as a performer, interviewer, writer and producer for the BBC before he first appeared as Philip in "The Archers" in 1950. He became a script writer for the series in 1966, following in the footsteps of Edward J. Mason, Geoffrey Webb, David Turner and John Keir Cross. He wrote in his memoir of the programme, "Forever Ambridge" (named after Ambridge, the fictional West Midlands village in which the programme is set), that he believed that Geoffrey Webb, who had died some time before, was guiding his hand as he wrote. He wrote about 1,200 episodes under the pseudonym Bruno Milna. Artistic disagreements with a then editor, plus a general disillusionment with the BBC management, led him to retire from writing scripts in 1982 and to stick to just performing them.

paragraph: The character of Phil Archer developed from the lusty young romantic lead of the early episodes, working on the neighbouring Fairbrother estate, into a father and grandfather, replacing Dan Archer as the patriarch of Brookfield Farm and a senior figure in the series. Perhaps his most famous moment occurred on 22 September 1955, when his wife, Grace Archer (née Fairbrother), was killed while trying to rescue a horse, Midnight, from a burning barn – the episode being transmitted on first day of ITV broadcasts. The character survived Painting by four months, dying peacefully in March 2010.

paragraph: Section::::Honour.

paragraph: He was appointed OBE in 1976, for services to broadcasting. He published two books on the Archers entitled "Forever Ambridge" (1975 and 1980, for the programme's 25th and 30th anniversaries), and a personal memoir, "Reluctant Archer" (1982). He was the subject of a programme in the TV series "This Is Your Life" in 1991.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: Painting suffered from poor health in later life, with several heart attacks in 1982 and later pancreatitis, a retinal detachment, and prostate surgery. In 2000, he stated he was suffering from bladder cancer.

paragraph: He remained a bachelor, and lived alone at Warmington in Warwickshire. His body was found in his home in October 2009, shortly after he had died from heart failure. His ashes were scattered at Painting's Plantation in Leamington Spa, with a memorial service at St Martin-in-the-Fields in May 2010.

paragraph: He left his recordings, scripts, books, papers and letters to Birmingham University Special Collections.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- BBC Obituary

paragraph: BULLET::::- Norman Painting – "The Daily Telegraph" obituary

description: British actor

wikidata_label: Norman Painting

wikipedia_title: Norman Painting


text:
Dempsey and Makepeace
Broadway
Does a Tiger Wear a Necktie?
Jerry Springer
West End
Brooklyn
Valley Stream, New York
Valley Stream Central High School
American Academy of Dramatic Arts
Jewish
Dempsey and Makepeace
Dinotopia
Quattro mosche di velluto grigio
F.M.
A Vacation In Hell
A Change of Seasons
Does a Tiger Wear a Necktie?
Jerry Springer - The Opera
The Bill
Trial and Retribution
Dead Man Weds
National Theatre
Singin' in the Rain
Arno Penzias
BBC
Hawking
Stephen Hawking
Thomas & Friends
Liverpool
Series 4
Doctor Who
UNIT
Bones
Hustle
ITV
Stepping Out
Off Ramps
Kim Novak
Lindsay Wagner
Glynis Barber
Dempsey & Makepeace

categories: Male actors from New York City,Valley Stream Central High School alumni,American expatriate actors in the United Kingdom,American male television actors,American male film actors,1945 births,American male voice actors,People from Brooklyn,American expatriates in the United Kingdom,American expatriate male actors,Living people

paragraph: Michael Brandon

paragraph: Michael Brandon (born Michael Feldman; 1945) is an American actor. He is known for his role as James Dempsey in the British drama series "Dempsey and Makepeace" (1985–86). His theatre credits include the original Broadway production of "Does a Tiger Wear a Necktie?" (1969), and playing Jerry Springer in the West End production of "" (2003–04).

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Brandon was born Michael Feldman in Brooklyn, New York, to Miriam (née Tumen) and Sol Feldman. At age nine, he and his family (brother Elliot and sister Debra Lynne) moved to Valley Stream, New York where he attended Memorial Junior High and graduated from Valley Stream Central High School. Brandon then attended the American Academy of Dramatic Arts and made his debut on Broadway before turning to cinema. He is of Jewish extraction.

paragraph: Brandon starred in the TV series "Dempsey and Makepeace" and "Dinotopia", the movies "Quattro mosche di velluto grigio" (1971), "F.M." (1978), "A Vacation In Hell" (1979) and "A Change of Seasons" (1980), and the plays "Does a Tiger Wear a Necktie?" and "Jerry Springer - The Opera".

paragraph: Since moving to the UK, Brandon has worked in TV on such shows as "The Bill", "Trial and Retribution", and "Dead Man Weds". He also played the title role in the musical "" for over a year in the National Theatre and after its transfer into the West End. Brandon starred in "Singin' in the Rain" in the summer of 2012.

paragraph: In 2004, he portrayed Nobel Prize winner Arno Penzias in the BBC TV movie "Hawking" about physicist Stephen Hawking's early career at the University of Cambridge and was the US narrator of "Thomas & Friends". In February 2008 he began his talk radio show on City Talk, a new local radio station in Liverpool. In 2008 he appeared in the Series 4 finale of the BBC's "Doctor Who", as General Sanchez, a UNIT officer. Also in 2008 he appeared in the television series "Bones", as Roger Frampton, an American millionaire.

paragraph: In 2011, Brandon guest-starred in an episode of the BBC1 con drama "Hustle" as Marcus Wendell (series 7, episode 3). Also in 2011 he was seen in a supporting role in the film "" as a politician who befriends the titular character. In September 2013 he appeared in the ITV dancing show "Stepping Out" with wife Glynis Barber. In 2017, he collaborated with producer/director Guy Masterson to create his autobiographical stand-up comedy, "Off Ramps" which hit at the 2017 Edinburgh Fringe Festival.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: In the early 1970s Brandon was in a relationship with the actress Kim Novak. From 1976 to 1979, Brandon was married to actress Lindsay Wagner. He has been married to actress Glynis Barber, with whom he co-starred in "Dempsey & Makepeace", since 1989. They remain in the United Kingdom. Together, Brandon and Barber have a son, Alex.

description: actor

wikidata_label: Michael Brandon

wikipedia_title: Michael Brandon


text: Austria

text: composer

text: violin

text: silvologist

text: Mariahilf

text: Vienna

text: Austria

text: Austrian Imperial Army

text: Charles VI

text: J. Ziegler

text: Benedictine church

text: Freyung

text: Prince Joseph of Saxe-Hildburghausen

text: Francesco Trani

text: Giuseppe Bonno

text: Fuxian

text: Hildburghausen

text: Count Durazzo

text: Christoph Willibald Gluck

text: Orfeo ed Euridice

text: Bologna

text: Il trionfo di Clelia

text: Joseph Haydn

text: Kapellmeister

text: Ádám Patachich

text: Oradea

text: Philipp Gotthard von Schaffgotsch

text: Prince-Bishop of Breslau

text: Jánský vrch

text: Javorník

text: Czech Republic

text: prince-bishop

text: Jeseník

text: Johann Baptist Wanhal

text: Mozart

text: Michael Kelly

text: Le nozze di Figaro

text: Ignaz von Stillfried

text: Červená Lhota

text: Bohemia

text: Deštná

text: Classical era

text: opere buffe

text: Singspiel

text: symphonies

text: Ovid

text: Metamorphoses

text: oratorio

text: cantata

text: concerto

text: string quartets

text: chamber music

text: piano

text: Friedrich Hofmeister Musikverlag

text: The Four Ages of the World

text: Grosswardein

text: Digital edition

text: University and State Library Düsseldorf

text: Oels

text: Chi-chi Nwanoku

text: Wenzel Müller

text: Johann Baptist Wanhal

text: Carl (Karl) Ditters von Dittersdorf

text: Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf on NAXOS.com

categories: Austrian classical musicians,Austrian classical composers,1739 births,Austrian untitled nobility,18th-century Bohemian musicians,18th-century classical composers,Classical-period composers,18th-century Austrian musicians,1799 deaths,People from Mariahilf,Austrian male classical composers,18th-century German musicians

paragraph: Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf

paragraph: Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf (2 November 1739 – 24 October 1799) was an Austrian composer, violinist and silvologist.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Dittersdorf was born in the Laimgrube (now Mariahilf) district of Vienna, Austria, as August Carl Ditters. His father was a military tailor in the Austrian Imperial Army of Charles VI, for a number of German-speaking regiments. After retiring honorably from his military obligation, he was provided with royal letters of reference and a sinecure with the Imperial Theatre. In 1745, the six-year-old August Carl was introduced to the violin and his father's moderate financial position allowed him not only a good general education at a Jesuit school, but private tutelage in music, violin, French and religion. After leaving his first teacher, Carl studied violin with J. Ziegler, who by 1750, through his influence, secured his pupil's appointment as a violinist in the orchestra of the Benedictine church on the Freyung.

paragraph: Prince Joseph of Saxe-Hildburghausen soon noticed young Ditters, and on 1 March 1751 hired him for his court orchestra. Under princely auspices he studied violin with Francesco Trani who, impressed with the ability of his pupil in composition, commended him to Giuseppe Bonno who instructed him in Fuxian counterpoint and free composition. After a few years Prince Joseph disbanded the orchestra, since he had to leave Vienna to assume the regency in Hildburghausen, and the Austrian Empress hired Dittersdorf for her own orchestra through Count Durazzo, Theatre Director at the Imperial Court. In 1761 he was engaged as violinist in the Imperial Theatre orchestra, and in 1762 its conductor. It was during this period that he became acquainted with Christoph Willibald Gluck, who had just achieved greatness as an opera composer with the Vienna première of his Orfeo ed Euridice. In 1763 he traveled to Bologna with Gluck to see the opera "Il trionfo di Clelia": an Italian tour that was to leave the greatest impression on his future work as a composer from both the Austrian Gluck and the contemporary Italian musical scene. In 1764 he traveled to Paris, a trip with only scarce and uncertain documentation. Back in Vienna in 1764, his contract with Count Durazzo expired that winter, but he met the great Joseph Haydn and became one of his closest friends.

paragraph: In 1764, Ditters assumed the post of "Kapellmeister" at the court of Ádám Patachich, Hungarian nobleman and Bishop of Nagyvárad (Oradea, Romania). The following year he was introduced to Philipp Gotthard von Schaffgotsch, the Prince-Bishop of Breslau, who was in the process of creating a cultural center around his court based at Château Jánský vrch (Johannesberg) in Javorník (today part of the Czech Republic). He accepted the post of "Hofkomponist" (court composer) in 1771, and it was during his tenure at Johannesberg that most of his creative output was produced. Over the next twenty years he wrote symphonies, string quartets and other chamber music, and opere buffe. In 1773 the prince-bishop appointed him "Amtshauptmann" of nearby Jeseník (Freiwaldau), one of several measures to help entice the cosmopolitan composer to remain at isolated Johannesberg. Since this new post required a noble title, Ditters was sent to Vienna and given the noble title of "von Dittersdorf". His full surname thus became "Ditters von Dittersdorf", but he is usually referred to simply as "Dittersdorf".

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Final years.

paragraph: Johann Baptist Wanhal was perhaps Dittersdorf's most eminent pupil. About 1785, Haydn, Dittersdorf, Mozart and Wanhal played string quartets together, Dittersdorf taking first violin, Haydn second violin, Mozart viola and Wanhal cello. Eminent Irish tenor Michael Kelly, for whom Mozart created the roles of Don Basilio and Don Curzio in his da Ponte opera "Le nozze di Figaro", was of the opinion that although they played well their performance as a whole was not outstanding; but the image of four of the greatest composers of their time joining in common music-making remains an unforgettable vignette of the Classical era (comprising the second half of the eighteenth century).

paragraph: In 1794, after twenty-four years at Johannesberg, Dittersdorf, after a serious clash with von Schaffgotsch, was expelled from his palace. Sometime the following year, he was invited by Baron Ignaz von Stillfried to live in his spare château known as Červená Lhota, in southern Bohemia. His final decade was occupied with overseeing operatic productions in addition to compiling and editing his own music for publication.

paragraph: He died at Nový Dvůr (Neuhof, or "New Court") where Château Červená Lhota stood, and was buried in the town of Deštná. He finished his autobiography just three days before his death.

paragraph: Section::::Style and fame.

paragraph: Ditters' early work laid the groundwork for his later more important compositions. His symphonic and chamber compositions greatly emphasize sensuous Italo-Austrian melody instead of motivic development, which is often entirely lacking even in his best works, quite unlike those of his greater peers Haydn and Mozart.

paragraph: Even with these reservations, Dittersdorf was an important composer of the Classical era. After some early Italian opere buffe, he turned to writing German Singspiele instead, with "Der Apotheker und der Doktor" (1786, generally known today as "Doktor und Apotheker") in particular being a tremendous success in his lifetime, playing in houses all over Europe and recorded almost two centuries later. Among his 120-or-so symphonies are twelve programmatic ones based on Ovid's "Metamorphoses", although only six have survived (and have also been recorded). He also wrote oratorios, cantatas and concertos (among which are two for double bass and one for viola), string quartets and other chamber music, piano pieces and other miscellaneous works. His memoirs, "Lebenbeschreibung" ("Description of [My] Life"), were published in Leipzig in 1801. Some of his compositions, including the double bass concerto, were published in Leipzig by the Friedrich Hofmeister Musikverlag.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Concertos.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Grosses Concert" per 11 strum. (1766)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 18 concertos for Violin

paragraph: BULLET::::- 3 concertos for 2 Violins

paragraph: BULLET::::- 5 concertos for Viola

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1 concerto for Cello

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2 concertos for Contrabass

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1 concerto for Viola and Contrabass

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1 concerto for Piano

paragraph: BULLET::::- 5 concertos for Oboe

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1 concerto for Oboe d'Amore

paragraph: BULLET::::- 5 concertos for Harpsichord

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2 concertos for Quartet

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2 concertinos

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Concertos.:Concertos: manuscripts.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Oboe (in C major) (MS: Dittersdorf 32; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Flute (in e minor) (MS: Dittersdorf 36; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for 2 Violins (in D major) (MS: mu6402.2532; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for 2 Violins (in C major) (MS: mu6402.2530; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Concertos.:Concertos: selection of best known concertos.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Oboe in G major ("Breitkopf & Härtel")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Oboe in C major ("The Danish Royal Library")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Oboe in D major L.25b

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Oboe in C major L.39

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Oboe in C major L.40a

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Oboe in C major L.24

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Oboe in G major L.42

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Oboe d'Amore in A major L.43b

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Flute in e minor ("The Danish Royal Library")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Cello in D major ("The Danish Royal Library")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Contrabass (Double Bass Concerto) No.1 in E major ("The Danish Royal Library")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Contrabass (Double Bass Concerto) No.2 in D major ("The Danish Royal Library")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Contrabass (Double Bass Concerto) in E flat major ("The Danish Royal Library")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Contrabass, Viola and Orchestra ("The Danish Royal Library")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Viola and Orchestra in F major ("The Danish Royal Library")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Violin and Orchestra in C major ("The Danish Royal Library")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Violin and Orchestra in G major ("The Danish Royal Library")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Harp, originally for cembalo, in A major ("The Danish Royal Library")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for Cembalo/Harpsichord in B major ("The Danish Royal Library")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for 2 Violins in D major L.2

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concerto for 2 Violins in C major L.4

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concertino for 2 Violins, 2 Violas, 2 Oboes, 2 Horns, Basson and Bass

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Symphonies.

paragraph: Dittersdorf left about 120 symphonies with solid attribution. There are about another 90 symphonies which may be Dittersdorf's work—according to the catalogue published by Helen Geyer, Torino 1985. Most of the symphonies are preserved only in manuscripts. Many manuscripts are inscribed "di Carlo de Dittersdorf" or similar, however they are copies of now lost original scores.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sinfonia nel gusto di cinque nazioni" (Paris, 1767)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 6 Symphonies Op. 1 (Amsterdam, 1768?)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 6 Symphonies Op. 4 (Paris, 1769?)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Periodical Ouverture" (London, 1769)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 3 Symphonies Op. 5 (Paris, 1769?)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Symphonies Périodiques" (Amsterdam, 1770–72)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 3 Symphonies Op. 6 (Paris, 1773?)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 4 Symphonies Op. 7 (Paris, 1773?)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 3 Symphonies Op. 8 (Paris, 1773?)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 6 Symphonies Op. 13 (Paris, 1781)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "3 symphonies exprimant 3 métamorphoses d'Ovide: Les 4 âges du monde, La chûte de Phaéton, Actéon changé en cerf" (Wien, 1785)

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Symphonies.:Symphonies: manuscripts.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Grande symphonie: Le carnaval ou La redoute" (MS)

paragraph: I Minuetto

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony (in A minor) "Il deliro delli compositori, ossia Il gusto d’oggidi’" (MS: Ser.H Fasc.34 Nr.317; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony (in A major) "Nazionale nel gusto" (MS: Ser.H. Fasc.39 Nr.76; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony (in D major) "Il combattimento delle passioni umane" (MS: Ser.H Fasc.34 Nr.315; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony (in F major) (Grave F7) (MS: Ser.H Fasc.34 Nr.312; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony (in D minor) (Grave d1) (MS: R.M.21.a.13.(3.); now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony (in G minor) (Grave g1) (MS: S.m.15957; Ser.H Fasc.33 Nr.293; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony (in E major) (Grave E1) (MS: IV-A-39 / A- 3498; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony (in E flat major) (Grave Eb9) (MS: IV-A-59 / A-3515; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony (in F major) (Grave F4) (MS: IV-A-38 / A-3497; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony (in D major) (Grave D6) (MS: IV-A-66 / A-3522; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony (in D major) (Grave D2) (MS: IV-A-51 / A-3509; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony (in A major) (Grave A6) (MS: Ser.H Fasc.33 Nr.298; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony (in B flat major) (Grave Bb5) (MS: Ser.H Fasc.34 Nr.313; now publ. "Artaria")

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Symphonies.:Symphonies: selection of best-known symphonies.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sinfonia Concertante in D major ("Breitkopf & Härtel")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sinfonia Concertante in D major for Viola, String Bass and Piano (International Music Company)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony in C major ("Breitkopf & Härtel")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony in D major ("Breitkopf & Härtel")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony in F major

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony in D minor

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony in G minor

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony No. 1 in C after Ovid's “Metamorphoses” (“The Four Ages of the World”)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony No. 2 in D after Ovid's “Metamorphoses” (“The Fall of Phaeton”)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony No. 3 in G after Ovid's “Metamorphoses” (“The Metamorphosis of Acteon Into a Stag”)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony No. 4 in F after Ovid's “Metamorphoses” (“The Rescue of Andromeda by Perseus”)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony No. 5 in D after Ovid's “Metamorphoses” ("The Petrification of Phineus and his Friend")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony No. 6 in A after Ovid's “Metamorphoses” ("The Transformation of the Lycian Peasants into Frogs")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sinfonia Concerto for Viola, Contrabass and Orchestra in E flat major

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Chamber music.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 15 Divertimenti ("Il combattimento dell'umane passioni" is in this collection)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 5 Cassazioni (2 published: Paris, 1768; the other 3 are MS)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 4 Serenate for 2 Horns and Strings

paragraph: BULLET::::- 35 Partite for Winds Instruments

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Petit Ballet en forme d'une contredanse"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 24 dances for the "Redoutensaal"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 6 String Quintets for 2 vl., vla., vcl., ctbs. (1782)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sonata da camera a 5 stromenti"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 6 String Quartets (1789)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Quartet in E flat major

paragraph: BULLET::::- 6 Sonatas for 2 vl. and vla. Op. 2 (Amsterdam, s. d.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 6 Trios for 2 vl. and b. op. 6 (Paris, 1771)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Another 12 Trios (id.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 3 Trios for vl., vla. and vcl.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sonata for vl.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2 Duets for 2 vl.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Duet for vla. and vcl. or ctbs. in E flat major

paragraph: BULLET::::- 14 duets for vl. and bass

paragraph: BULLET::::- 136 pieces for Piano

paragraph: BULLET::::- Divertimento for two Violins and Violoncello in E flat major

paragraph: BULLET::::- Notturno (in D) for 4 flutes

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Operas.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Amore in Musica" (1767, Grosswardein)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Arcifanfano, rè de’ Matti" (1774 Johannisberg; 1776 Eszterházy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "25 000 Gulden oder im Dunkeln ist gut munkeln" (1785, Vienna)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Doktor und Apotheker" (1786, Vienna) (Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Betrug durch Aberglauben" (1786, Vienna)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Die Liebe im Narrenhaus" (1787, Vienna)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hieronymus Knicker" (1789, Vienna)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Das rote Käppchen" (1788, Vienna)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Das Gespenst mit der Trommel" (1794, Oels)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Don Quixote der Zweyte" (1795, Oels)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Die lustigen Weiber von Windsor" (1796, Oels)

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Oratorios.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Isacco figura del Redentore" – in Latin (Grosswardein, 1766)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Davide penitente" – in Italian (Johannisberg, 1770)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Liberatrice del Popolo Giudaico nella Persia, o sia l’Esther"- in Italian (Vienna, 1773)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Giobbe" – in Italian (Vienna, 1786)

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Cantatas.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Auf das... Geburtsfest seiner Majestät des Königs" (1781)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Auf Lichtmess"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 11 other cantatas

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Sacred music.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Missa" in C major

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Missa" "a 4 v."

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Missa gratiosa" in C major

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Missa" in D major

paragraph: BULLET::::- 12 other masses

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2 Requiem Masses in C minor (1780/1784)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 11 offertories

paragraph: BULLET::::- Antiphony with choir, orchestra and organ

paragraph: BULLET::::- 8 litanies

paragraph: BULLET::::- 12 "ariae ex canticis Salomonis" (Augsburg, 1795)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 170 other sacred music works: arias, graduals, motettes "et cetera".

paragraph: BULLET::::- the aria "Das Mädchen von Köln" (from Ossian; Leipzig, 1795)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 3 other arias for Soprano and orchestra

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Other works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pastoral-Motette

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sinfonias on Ovid's Metamorphoses, Nos 1–3, Failoni Orchestra, Hanspeter Gmür, 1995, Naxos Nx 8553368

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sinfonias on Ovid's Metamorphoses, Nos 4–6, Failoni Orchestra, Hanspeter Gmür, 1995, Naxos Nx 8553369 (The numerals for Sinfonias 5 & 6 are incorrectly transposed on this disc)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sinfonias. Grave d1, Grave F7, Grave g1, Failoni Orchestra, Uwe Grodd, 1996, Naxos Nx 8553974

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sinfonias. Grave a2, Grave D16, Grave A10, Failoni Orchestra, Uwe Grodd, 1996, Naxos Nx 8553975

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphonies. C and D; Concertos. Flute and Double-Bass, Oradea Philharmonic, Miron Rațiu, Olympia OCD 405

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphonies. C, D, and a; Serenade. Oradea Philharmonic, Miron Rațiu, Olympia OCD 425

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphonies. e, E-flat, E, A, D, Oradea Philharmonic Orchestra, Romeo Rímbu, Olympia, OCD 426

paragraph: BULLET::::- String Quartets 1 & 3–5, Franz Schubert Quartet, 1989, cpo 999 038-2

paragraph: BULLET::::- String Quartets 2 & 6, String Quintets in C & G, Franz Schubert Quartet, 1992, cpo 999 122–2

paragraph: BULLET::::- Geistliche Musik (Requiem, Offertorium zu Ehren des Heiligen Johann von Nepomuk, Lauretanische Litanei), Regensburger Domspatzen, Consortium musicum München, Georg Ratzinger, 1996 + 1987, Freiburger Musikforum / ars musici AM 1158-2

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sinfonien in D, Es, A, Lisbon Metropolitan Orchestra, Alvaro Cassuto, 2006, Naxos

paragraph: BULLET::::- Double Bass Concertos, Swedish Chamber Orchestra, Paul Goodwin, Chi-chi Nwanoku, 2000, hyperion

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sinfonies Exprimant (Les Metamoprphoses D’Ovide) Nos 1–6, Prague Chamber Orchestra, Bohumil Gregor, 1988 Supraphon

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphonies after Ovid's Metamorphoses, Nos 1–6, Cantilena, Adrian Shepherd, 1986, Chandos 8564/5

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wenzel Müller

paragraph: BULLET::::- Johann Baptist Wanhal

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Miller, Norbert (ed.). 1967. "Karl Ditters von Dittersdorf Lebensbeschreibung. Seinem Sohne in die Feder diktiert". Munich: Kösel-Verlag.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stübler, Klaus, and Christine Wolf (eds.). 2004. "Harenberg Komponistenlexikon: 760 Komponisten und ihr Werk; mit 1060 Meilensteinen der Musik sowie kommentierten CD-Tipps der Redaktion "Fono Forum"", pp. 258–59. Mannheim: Mayers Lexikonverlag. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Udolph, Ludger (ed.). 1999. "Karl von Dittersdorfs Lebensbeschreibungen. Seinem Sohne in die Feder diktiert". Deutsche Bibliothek des Ostens. Munich: Langen Müller. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Unverricht, Hubert (ed.) 1989. "Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf 1739–1799. Mozarts Rivale in der Oper". Würzburg: Bergstadtverlag W.G. Korn. .

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carl (Karl) Ditters von Dittersdorf, biographical sketch

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf on NAXOS.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- www.karadar.com/Dictionary/dittersdorf.html Karadar Classical Music Dictionary

paragraph: BULLET::::- Media

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sonate A-Dur By Karl Ditters Von Dittersdorf (1739–1799). Published by Doblinger Music Publishers (DB.DM-01196)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ouverture" from the "Hocus Pocus" comic opera (1790)

description: Austrian composer, violinist and silvologist

wikidata_label: Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf

wikipedia_title: Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf


text:
Argentine
Buenos Aires
Fondo Nacional De Las Artes
Winners of Osvaldo Soriano Award 2007

categories: Argentine male short story writers,Postmodern writers,Argentine male writers,Argentine science fiction writers,Male screenwriters,Argentine screenwriters,Living people,People from Buenos Aires,1974 births

paragraph: Roni Bandini

paragraph: Roni Bandini is an Argentine novelist and short story writer known for his satirical commentary and self-critical prose.

paragraph: His works include the novels "El Sueño Colbert" (2006) and "La Gran Monterrey" (2008).

paragraph: Roni Bandini lives in Buenos Aires working as a freelance ghostwriter and tech journalist.

paragraph: Section::::Novels.

paragraph: The Colbert Dream

paragraph: The Big Monterrey

paragraph: Section::::Cinema.

paragraph: In 1998 he made a brief cameo in Javier Torre's movie, "El Juguete Rabioso".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fondo Nacional De Las Artes

paragraph: BULLET::::- Winners of Osvaldo Soriano Award 2007

description: Argentine writer

wikidata_label: Roni Bandini

wikipedia_title: Roni Bandini


text: French

text: legal scholar

text: Japan

text: civil code

text: Meiji Era

text: Vincennes

text: Jean François Boissonade de Fontarabie

text: doctorate of law

text: University of Paris

text: University of Grenoble

text: Paris

text: Ministry of Justice

text: foreign legal scholars

text: unequal treaties

text: Ume Kenjirō

text: Hozumi Nobushige

text: criminal

text: civil law

text: international law

text: Taiwan Expedition of 1874

text: Genrōin

text: Inoue Kaoru

text: judge

text: unequal treaties

text: Order of the Rising Sun

text: Hosei University

text: Ichigaya

text: Iidabashi

text: Antibes

text: Franco-Japanese relations

text: Boissonade tower

text: large picture

text: in Japanese

text: Biographical article

categories: Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun,University of Paris alumni,1825 births,French jurists,Foreign advisors to the government in Meiji-period Japan,Foreign educators in Japan,University of Paris faculty,French expatriates in Japan,1910 deaths,University of Grenoble faculty

paragraph: Gustave Boissonade

paragraph: Gustave Émile Boissonade de Fontarabie (7 June 1825 – 27 June 1910) was a French legal scholar, responsible for drafting much of Japan's civil code during the Meiji Era, and honored as one of the founders of modern Japan's legal system.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Boissonade was born in Vincennes in 1825 to the famous scholar Jean François Boissonade de Fontarabie. He was a brilliant law student, and received his doctorate of law with honours from the University of Paris in 1853. He was in charge of law courses at Paris University until 1864, and was assistant law professor at the University of Grenoble until 1867.

paragraph: In 1873 he was invited to lecture on constitutional and criminal law to some Japanese visitors to Paris, and received an invitation to work in Japan by the Japanese Ministry of Justice as one of several foreign legal scholars needed to assist with the drafting of Japan's legal codes and in the renegotiation of the unequal treaties.

paragraph: Boissonade remained in Japan for more than 21 years, from 1873 to 1895, and worked as an instructor in the Law School of the Ministry of Justice. He worked closely with Ume Kenjirō and Hozumi Nobushige in drafting much of Japan's criminal and civil law. He was also an expert in international law, and was legal advisor to the government in the Taiwan Expedition of 1874. He was named a consultant to the "Genrōin" in 1875.

paragraph: He also opposed Inoue Kaoru's 1887 proposal to allow non-Japanese judges, and cautioned against too rapid movement towards revision of the unequal treaties.

paragraph: He was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun (2nd degree) in 1876 and was thus one of the few foreigners so honored at that time. Today, he is honored as one of the founders of Hosei University. The "Boissonade Tower", the Ichigaya campus of Hosei University halfway between Ichigaya and Iidabashi stations in central Tokyo, a 26-story building completed in 2000, was named after him.

paragraph: He returned to France in 1895 and lived in Antibes, where his tomb is located.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Franco-Japanese relations

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hosei University Boissonade Institute of Modern Law and Politics

paragraph: BULLET::::- Boissonade tower, large picture

paragraph: BULLET::::- in Japanese,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biographical article

description: French advisor to Japan

wikidata_label: Gustave Emile Boissonade

wikipedia_title: Gustave Boissonade


text:
Italian
Umbria
World War II
Acqui Division
Cephalonia Massacre
Rome
Stifone
Narni
Vittorio Gassman
Luigi Squarzina
Greece
33rd Mountain Infantry Division Acqui
Cephalonia
Greco-Italian War
Operation Achse
Cephallonia massacre
German atrocities
Wehrmacht
Meppen

categories: Italian literary critics,20th-century Italian short story writers,Italian male dramatists and playwrights,Writers from Rome,20th-century Italian male writers,Italian male novelists,Italian male short story writers,20th-century Italian writers,20th-century Italian novelists,1921 births,Italian dramatists and playwrights,Italian television personalities,1983 deaths

paragraph: Luigi Silori

paragraph: Luigi Silori (19 November 1921 – 9 July 1983) was an Italian literary critic, novelist, playwright, and a popular radio and television personality in the 1950s and 1960s.

paragraph: Descended of an old family from Umbria, at the beginning of his university studies, he was called to military service and he spent four years in the Italian army during World War II. Silori served in the ill-fated Acqui Division and was a survivor of the Cephalonia Massacre. After 1945, he graduated in Literature and started to write novels and theatrical texts. In 1954 he started to collaborate with Italian Radio Television and he became very popular in Italy as "the man that introduced the books on TV".

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life and education.

paragraph: Luigi Silori was born in Rome in 1921, only son. His father, Fernando, was a landowner in Stifone, descendant of an old family of Narni. His mother, Antonietta Pacchelli, was a school teacher, who graduated in Rome in 1901, when such a thing still was for a woman very uncommon in Italy. She was also a piano teacher and writer.

paragraph: He lived in an old house in Rome's middle-class Quartiere Trieste. After primary school, Silori attended a distinguished grammar school, the classical gymnasium Torquato Tasso, where he had brilliant classmates, like the actor Vittorio Gassman, that was his friend for decades, and the theater director Luigi Squarzina.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:World War II.

paragraph: At the beginning of 1941, when he was still 19 ys. old, Silori was called to military service and ordered as a gunnery lieutenant of Italian Army to Greece with 33rd Mountain Infantry Division Acqui, that occupied the island of Cephalonia during the Greco-Italian War. Following the Italian surrender on 8 September 1943, thousands of soldiers from the division were murdered on the islands during Operation Achse, in what became known as the Cephallonia massacre, one of the largest prisoner of war massacres of the war and one of the largest-scale German atrocities to be committed by Wehrmacht troops. Silori was one of the few officers that, at the end, weren't gunned down by Wehrmacht and he was deported to Germany and sent to the concentration camp of Meppen - Fullen.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Last years and death.

paragraph: He died in Rome on 9 July 1983, aged 61. He left his wife Daisy, after 38 years of marriage and his only son Fernando, aged 27.

description: Italian writer

wikidata_label: Luigi Silori

wikipedia_title: Luigi Silori


href: Ebla Syria necropolis hippopotamus ivory ancient%20Egypt ceremonial%20mace 13th%20Dynasty pharaoh Hotepibre Ebla%23Third%20kingdom Amorite hypocorism

text:
Ebla
Syria
necropolis
hippopotamus
ivory
ancient Egypt
ceremonial mace
13th Dynasty
pharaoh
Hotepibre
third kingdom of Ebla
Amorite
hypocorism

paragraph: Immeya

paragraph: Immeya was a king of Ebla, in modern Syria, reigning around 1750–1725 BCE.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: Immeya was most likely buried in the so-called "Tomb of the Lord of the Goats", in the royal necropolis of the western palace at Ebla, as suggested by a silver cup found here, bearing an inscription in his name. Assuming that, it is likely that the funerary equipment found in the tomb belonged to Immeya too. This included some objects in carved hippopotamus ivory, the remains of a throne decorated with bronze goat heads, and especially an ancient Egyptian ceremonial mace made of gold, silver and ivory, a gift from the 13th Dynasty pharaoh Hotepibre, who was a contemporary of Immeya.

paragraph: Immeya also appears as the sender of a letter to a ruler, which was also found at Ebla. One of his successors—not necessarily the direct one—was a certain king Hammu[...], whose full name was probably Hammurabi.

paragraph: As for other rulers of the third kingdom of Ebla, Immeya's name is Amorite; furthermore, it seems that "Immeya" was a hypocorism.

wikidata_label: Immeya

wikipedia_title: Immeya


text: Caribbean

text: Atlantic

text: Edward Low

text: slave ship

text: Carolinas

text: Caymans

text: broadside

text: brigantine

text: Edward Low

text: Francis Spriggs

text: Guatemala

text: George Lowther

paragraph: George Lowther (pirate)

paragraph: George Lowther (died 1723) was an 18th-century English pirate who, although little is known of his life, was active in the Caribbean and Atlantic. One of his lieutenants was Edward Low.

paragraph: Section::::Turn to Piracy.

paragraph: Not much is known about him before becoming the 2nd Mate on the slave ship, "Gambia Castle", which was under the command of Captain Charles Russell; however Lowther was more popular with the crew, as Russell seemed to care more about his shipment of slaves than for his men. Russell distrusted Lowther, and when he attempted to have him flogged many crew members took Lowther’s side and defended him, causing a schism among the crew.

paragraph: Also on board, after retreating from their fort, was a Captain Massey, along with a company of soldiers under his command. One night, while Captain Russell was offboard, Massey and Lowther decided to set sail without him. Massey intended to return to England, but Lowther, the crew, and Massey's own soldiers disagreed. Lowther was made captain and he renamed the Gambia Castle, "Delivery". They attacked many ships but when Massey wanted to pillage a village on shore, he lost the vote as the risk was deemed too great. Lowther was able to obtain a smaller ship, named the "Happy Delivery", and parted ways with Massey and his men.

paragraph: Lowther left for the Carolinas where he developed the tactic of ramming his ship into another, while his men boarded and looted it. Around 1721 he left for the Grand Caymans where he ran into the "Greyhound" captained by Benjamin Edwards. Lowther gave a cannon shot for a signal. "Greyhound" responded with a broadside, (simultaneous discharge of all cannons on a side of a ship.) The pirates boarded the "Greyhound", possibly killed the entire crew and burnt the ship. Lowther had many ships under his command by now, granting the 6-gun brigantine "Rebecca" to his lieutenant Edward Low, who left to begin is own pirate career and with whom Lowther and Francis Spriggs would briefly rejoin in late 1723. When Lowther sailed his fleet to Guatemala they were attacked by natives and he was forced to leave some ships and men behind. His crew and supplies were all transferred to the "Revenge".

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: In 1722 he sailed to a secluded island called Blanquilla. However, before landing he was spotted by Walter Moore, commander of HMS "Eagle". Lowther was able to escape to the island by slipping out his cabin window, along with a dozen crewmen; only four made it to shore. After an extensive search Lowther's body was found. He had shot himself in the head rather than be taken prisoner.

paragraph: The Post-Boy newspaper dated 2 May 1724 suggests that Lowther did not die in 1723. The newspaper reports:

paragraph: "The last Letters from S. Christopher bring Advice, that on the 20th of February, the Eagle Sloop, h ted out from that Island, had brought in thither the Pyrate Sloop she had taken from Lowther, with twenty of the Men that were on board, (Lowther himself and many of the Crew having made their Escape) and it was believed that twelve or thirteen of them would be convicted of Pyracy, and that the others would be clear’d, as being forced into the said Pyrates Service."

paragraph: The same information is in Newcastle Courant newspaper dated 1 February 1724:

paragraph: "We have the good News from St. Christophers, that Captain Moor of the Eagle Sloop, discovering a Pyrate Sloop of 10 Guns, and 40 Men, commanded by Lowther, careening at the Island of Blanco, boarded, and took her, with 24 of her Men, but Lowther, and 10 more, jump'd over board, and escap'd, however 4 of them were afterwards taken by a Spanish Cannoe, and 'tis hoped Lowther and the Rest would be also taken."

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Flemming, Gregory. "At the Point of a Cutlass: The Pirate Capture, Bold Escape, and Lonely Exile of Philip Ashton." ForeEdge (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- George Lowther

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Pirate's Life: Dead Men Tell No Tales - George Lowther

description: English pirate

wikidata_label: George Lowther

wikipedia_title: George Lowther (pirate)


text: Saitama Prefecture

text: Imperial Japanese Army Academy

text: second lieutenant

text: Imperial Guard of Japan

text: Imperial Japanese Army General Staff

text: Army Staff College

text: World War I

text: France

text: military attaché

text: Paris

text: Jewish conspiracy

text: Freemasonry

text: anti-Semite

text: Harbin

text: Kwantung Army

text: Russians

text: Jew

text: military aviation

text: major general

text: Japanese

text: IJA 16th Division

text: IJA 3rd Division

text: lieutenant general

text: House of Peers

text: Diet of Japan

text: surrender of Japan

text: American occupation authorities

text: war crimes

text: Antisemitism in Japan

categories: 1878 births,1962 deaths,Japanese generals,Military personnel from Saitama Prefecture,Propagandists

paragraph: Nobutaka Shiōden

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: A native of Saitama Prefecture, Shiōden was a graduate of the 11th class of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in November 1899, and was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Imperial Guard of Japan. He served in various postings with the Imperial Guard, including some time with the Japanese garrison force in China, and also served in a number of administrative and staff positions within the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff. He graduated from the Army Staff College in 1909.

paragraph: During World War I, from 1914-1918 Shiōden was sent to France as a military attaché and official Japanese military observer. While in Paris, he was exposed to the common theory that an international Jewish conspiracy was behind the war, thereafter he began to research into issues related to Freemasonry, and the so-called “Jewish-problem”, as a result of which he became a fervent anti-Semite and leading voice of anti-Semitic propaganda in Japan.

paragraph: In 1920, Shiōden was assigned to the Harbin special operations office within the Kwantung Army. Harbin was home to a large population of Russians, including many Jews. A strong supporter of military aviation from his first-hand experiences in World War I, Shiōden returned to Japan in 1922 to assume command of the Army Aviation School. He later served on the Military Aviation Bureau within the General Staff.

paragraph: In 1924, Shiōden was promoted to major general.

paragraph: In 1936, Shiōden translated "The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion" into Japanese. In 1928, he served on the staff of the IJA 16th Division and IJA 3rd Division. He was promoted to lieutenant general in 1929, and entered the reserves the same year. He subsequently served in the largely honorary post as Chairman of the Imperial Aviation Association, which promoted the development of Japanese military aviation and ran donation campaigns for the funding of new aircraft. From 1942-1945, he served as a member of the House of Peers in the Diet of Japan.

paragraph: After the surrender of Japan, Shiōden was arrested by the American occupation authorities, but was not prosecuted for any war crimes and was released in 1947.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Antisemitism in Japan

alias:
Nobutaka Shioden
Nobutaka Shiouden

description: Japanese politician

wikidata_label: Nobutaka Shiōden

wikipedia_title: Nobutaka Shiōden


text:
halfback
National Football League
Omaha, Nebraska
Scottsbluff, Nebraska
Green Bay Packers
1938 NFL Draft
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
List of Green Bay Packers players

categories: Nebraska Cornhuskers football players,American football halfbacks,1915 births,Green Bay Packers players,Players of American football from Nebraska,Sportspeople from Omaha, Nebraska

paragraph: John Howell (halfback)

paragraph: John Searl Howell (December 4, 1915 – June 28, 1946) was a halfback in the National Football League.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Howell was born on December 4, 1915 in Omaha, Nebraska. He was struck and killed by lightning on June 28, 1946 in Scottsbluff, Nebraska.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Howell was drafted by the Green Bay Packers in the ninth round of the 1938 NFL Draft and played that season with the team. He played at the collegiate level at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Green Bay Packers players

description: American football halfback

wikidata_label: John Howell

wikipedia_title: John Howell (halfback)


text:
Mexico City
Mexican
tennis
tennis player
Davis Cup

wikipedia_title:
Mexico City
Mexico
Tennis
Tennis
Davis Cup

categories: 1983 births,Living people,Sportspeople from Mexico City,Mexican male tennis players

paragraph: Bruno Echagaray

paragraph: Bruno Echagaray (born 8 May 1983 in Mexico City) is a Mexican tennis player. He weighs 85 kg, and is 1.82 m tall. He was the most known Mexican tennis player in 2006. He has reached as high as 165 in the world for singles, and 314 for doubles. Most of his wins have been on carpet, mostly because of his speed. He plays a lot in the Davis Cup for Mexico.

paragraph: Besides his role as a tennis player today, Echagaray is a partner of Unitenis (www.unitenis.com), a social network focused on tennis in Mexico with the purpose of promoting and improving the sport in his home country.

description: Mexican tennis player

wikidata_label: Bruno Echagaray

wikipedia_title: Bruno Echagaray


text:
Oviedo
Spain
power metal
WarCry
Avalanch
Metallica
Accept
Judas Priest
Avalanch
Avalanch
WarCry
Víctor García
Alberto Ardines
RAID
La Llama Eterna
Llanto De Un Héroe
Días De Gloria
¿Dónde Está La Luz?
Directo A La Luz
La Quinta Esencia
Iron Maiden
Queen
Judas Priest
Human

wikipedia_title:
Oviedo
Spain
Power metal
WarCry (band)
Avalanch
Metallica
Accept (band)
Judas Priest
Avalanch
Avalanch
WarCry (band)
Víctor García (Spanish singer)
Alberto Ardines
RAID
La Llama Eterna
Llanto De Un Héroe
Días De Gloria
¿Dónde Está La Luz?
Directo A La Luz
La Quinta Esencia
Iron Maiden
Queen (band)
Judas Priest
Human (band)

categories: 1972 births,Living people,WarCry (band) members,People from Oviedo,Asturian musicians,Spanish musicians

paragraph: Roberto García (bassist)

paragraph: Roberto García (born 13 August 1972 in Oviedo, Spain) is the bassist for the power metal band WarCry, also known for his work on Avalanch.

paragraph: Section::::History.

paragraph: García's interest in music started around the age of five. The Spanish guitar, as well as the keyboard, were the instruments he first learned to play. Although his education was centered on classic authors, Roberto had been very interested since his adolescence in bands such as Metallica, Accept and Judas Priest.

paragraph: In 1997, García asked his friend Alberto Rionda, from Avalanch, to give him guitar classes, and in that manner he became part of the band. He played on four Avalanch albums, "La Llama Eterna", "Llanto De Un Héroe", "Días De Gloria" and "El Ángel Caído".

paragraph: After personal and professional problems with Alberto Rionda, Garcia left Avalanch. In 2004, he joined the band WarCry, which had been formed by friends Víctor García and Alberto Ardines.

paragraph: This Roberto Garcia should not be confused with the lead singer and guitarist of RAID, Fat Ming, and more recently Bloodknife (born 1990, Cambridge, MA), most famous for his quote when he was still a young child, who when pressed by his father to befriend an African-American altar boy, responded "But Papa, I don't like a black boy."

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Avalanch.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997 — "La Llama Eterna"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999 — "Llanto De Un Héroe"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000 — "Días De Gloria" (live)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001 — "El Ángel Caído"

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:WarCry.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005 — "¿Dónde Está La Luz?"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 — "Directo A La Luz" (live)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 — "La Quinta Esencia"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008 — "Revolución"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011 — "Alfa"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2012 — "Omega" (live)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013 — "Inmortal"

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:On tributes.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999 — "Transilvania 666" (Iron Maiden)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000 — "The Attack of the Dragons" (Queen)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000 — "Metal Gods" (Judas Priest)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Collaborations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Indiceission" (Human) (2003)

description: Spanish musician

wikidata_label: Roberto García

wikipedia_title: Roberto García (bassist)


text:
American football
safety
Oakland Raiders
2007 NFL Draft
Detroit Lions
Minnesota Vikings
Dallas Cowboys
New Orleans Saints
Washington State
Oak Grove High School
San Jose, California
touchdowns
starter
Pac-10
Southern California
Oregon
40-yard dash
NFL Scouting Combine
Oakland Raiders
2007 NFL Draft
Detroit Lions
Minnesota Vikings
special teams
2012
Dallas Cowboys
special teams
strong safety
2013
training camp
Steve Gleason

wikipedia_title: Oak Grove High School (San Jose, California)

categories: Minnesota Vikings players,Detroit Lions players,Dallas Cowboys players,Living people,1984 births,Sportspeople from San Jose, California,Oakland Raiders players,American football safeties,Washington State Cougars football players,New Orleans Saints players

paragraph: Eric Frampton

paragraph: Eric Ulyssee Frampton (born February 6, 1984) is a former American football safety. He was drafted by the Oakland Raiders in the fifth round of the 2007 NFL Draft and has also played for the Detroit Lions, Minnesota Vikings, Dallas Cowboys, and New Orleans Saints. He played college football at Washington State.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: He attended Oak Grove High School in San Jose, California, where he was an all-league pick as a junior, after rushing for 17 touchdowns.

paragraph: Frampton received the Washington State Ironman Award in 2004. Frampton was a two-year starter and was awarded All-Pac-10 honors as a senior. As a senior, he was the Cougars' leading tackler (100) and played both free and strong safety. Frampton recorded 11 tackles against Southern California and 16 against Oregon.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Oakland Raiders.

paragraph: He was timed at 4.61 seconds in the 40-yard dash at the 2007 NFL Scouting Combine, but improved it to 4.51 in the 40 at his College Pro Day. He was drafted by the Oakland Raiders in the fifth round of the 2007 NFL Draft and was waived before the season started on September 1, 2007.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Detroit Lions.

paragraph: On September 2, 2007 the Detroit Lions claimed him off waivers. He was released on October 21, 2007.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Minnesota Vikings.

paragraph: On October 22, 2007 the Minnesota Vikings claimed him off waivers and became a special teams stand out. In 2011, he was voted the Vikings' Special Teams MVP by his teammates, after leading the team with a career-best 22 tackles. On August 31, 2012, he was released before the season started.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Dallas Cowboys.

paragraph: On September 25, 2012, Frampton was signed by the Dallas Cowboys to add depth to a defense depleted by injuries. Although he played in only 13 games, he led the team in special teams tackles (21) and was used in the team's defensive sub-packages, before being named the starter at strong safety for the last 2 games of the season. He finished the year with a career-high 25 tackles on defense.

paragraph: He was resigned on June 5, 2013, but injured his groin during training camp and was released with an injury settlement on September 9.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New Orleans Saints.

paragraph: Frampton signed with the New Orleans Saints on December 17, 2013. The Saints assigned him uniform number 37, previously worn by Saints special teams star Steve Gleason, who also attended Washington State. He was waived

paragraph: on January 1, 2014.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dallas Cowboys bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- NFL bio

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Eric Frampton

wikipedia_title: Eric Frampton