text:
Bishop of Hereford
canon
prior
Llanthony Priory
Henry I of England
Stephen
Empress Matilda
Hereford Cathedral
Council of Reims
hagiography
cathedral chapter
Robert de Torigni
William of Wycombe
William of Champeaux
Anselm of Laon
Urban
Bishop of Llandaff
William of Corbeil
Innocent II
see of Hereford
Rochester
Augustinian
David Knowles
Henry V
Thurstan
Archbishop of York
David
Battle of the Standard
Miles of Gloucester
Theobald of Bec
Archbishop of Canterbury
Maurice
Bishop of Bangor
Empress Matilda
Earl of Hereford
Robert de Losinga
papal legate
Hilary of Chichester
William de Turbeville
Thomas Becket
Reims
hagiography

categories: 1148 deaths,12th-century Roman Catholic bishops,Burials at Hereford Cathedral,Bishops of Hereford

paragraph: Robert de Bethune

paragraph: Robert de Bethune (died 1148) was a medieval Bishop of Hereford. From a knightly family, he became a teacher before becoming a canon, a type of monk, by 1115. He was elected prior of Llanthony Priory in the middle 1120s, and was named bishop by King Henry I of England in 1130. As bishop, he was often appointed a judge by the papacy, and was known for the care he took of his diocese.

paragraph: After Henry's death in 1135, Bethune first supported King Stephen, who seized the throne from Henry's heiress the Empress Matilda, but when Matilda's forces captured Stephen, Bethune switched sides to support Matilda. When Matilda did not secure the throne, Bethune once more switched back to supporting Stephen. Construction of Hereford Cathedral was completed under Bethune's episcopate, and consecrated in 1142 and 1148. Stephen appointed Bethune as one of the English bishops that the king allowed to attend the Council of Reims in 1148, and Bethune died there in April 1148. A hagiography is the only surviving evidence of Bethune's cathedral chapter's attempts to promote him as a saint.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Bethune was the youngest son of a knight, and was at first educated by his eldest brother, who was named Gunfrid and was a schoolmaster. Although the medieval chronicler Robert de Torigni describes Bethune as Flemish, Bethune's medieval biographer, William of Wycombe says that he and Bethune grew up in neighbouring villages in Buckinghamshire. It thus is likely that Bethune was born near Wingrave, Buckinghamshire, to a family descended from Flemish settlers. He was a schoolmaster in England, teaching elementary subjects, before he went to study theology under William of Champeaux and Anselm of Laon. He was a canon of Llanthony Priory before 1115, and was elected prior of that house in the middle 1120s. Before becoming prior, he was entrusted with establishing a cell of the priory at Weobley, which had been established by Hugh de Lacy shortly before Lacy's death around 1115.

paragraph: Section::::Bishop of Hereford.

paragraph: The see of Hereford had been vacant since 1127, and in 1130, King Henry I of England took the advice of the local magnates and nominated Bethune to the see. Bethune's diocesan bishop as prior, Urban, the Bishop of Llandaff, at first refused permission for Bethune's elevation. However, the archbishop of Canterbury, William of Corbeil, advised that the matter be referred to the papacy. Pope Innocent II ordered that Bethune be allowed to accept the see of Hereford in 1131. He was consecrated on 28 June 1131 at Rochester. In nominating Bethune, the king is said to have felt that he needed one "godly bishop" around. Most of Henry's bishops were given their sees as rewards for royal service, and were not particularly noted for piety.

paragraph: Bethune was known as a strict Augustinian canon, a priest living a monastic life but not a monk. Bethune was often appointed a judge delegate by the papacy to try cases and disputes, which had been referred back to England by the popes. The historian David Knowles said of Bethune that he was a man of wide outlook, with a great desire for reform. He was praised by contemporaries for the care with which he selected men to serve as clergy in his diocese. He also held synods in his diocese, including two during the first year of his episcopate.

paragraph: Section::::Stephen's reign.

paragraph: After the accession of King Stephen of England, Bethune supported Stephen and was often at his court. Stephen had seized the throne at King Henry's death, depriving Henry's surviving legitimate daughter and heiress, Matilda, of the throne. Matilda is usually known as the "Empress" because of her first marriage to the German Emperor Henry V, who died in 1125. Bethune accompanied Thurstan, the Archbishop of York, when Thurstan secured a truce between Stephen and the King of Scots, David shortly after the Battle of the Standard in 1138. When the Empress Matilda landed in England in September 1139 in pursuit of the throne, one of the local magnates of Hereford, Miles of Gloucester supported Matilda, while Bethune continued to support Stephen. Miles' hostility drove Bethune from his diocese, and Miles was in control of Hereford in 1140, leaving Bethune to perform his episcopal duties in Shropshire. During this time, Bethune assisted Theobald of Bec, the new Archbishop of Canterbury, in consecrating Maurice as Bishop of Bangor. Bethune had earlier persuaded the bishop-elect to swear fealty to King Stephen, after Maurice had originally refused. Bethune's standing as a bishop known for his piety and independence of the king helped persuade Maurice that the homage was canonical.

paragraph: Sometime after Stephen was captured by the Empress' forces in 1141, Bethune switched sides, and he was with the Empress Matilda at Winchester on 4 March 1141, when Matilda claimed the throne of England. He also was present at the council that proclaimed Matilda "lady of the English" shortly thereafter. His diocese of Hereford was in the center of the lands that Matilda controlled, and he was one of the few bishops who was often in Matilda's court. However, Matilda was never crowned, being driven from London before her planned coronation could take place. One of her chief supporters was captured in late 1141, and to secure his release, Matilda released Stephen from captivity, thus prolonging the conflict. Between 1142 and 1148, England was in a state of civil war, with parts of the country supporting Matilda and parts supporting Stephen.

paragraph: Welsh raids at the beginning of Stephen's reign had driven Bethune's former canons from Llanthony and the bishop gave them refuge at Hereford before establishing them at a new site near Gloucester. The land the canons were settled on had belonged to the diocese, and this led Bethune into conflict with his cathedral chapter, led by their dean, Ralph. Bethune was forced to travel to Pisa to secure an order from Innocent II declaring that the chapter obey their bishop.

paragraph: Around 1142, Bethune was involved with a conflict with Miles of Gloucester, who was now the Earl of Hereford, which led to the bishop excommunicating Miles and all the inhabitants of the city of Hereford, and "had the doors of the church blocked with thorns and the crosses taken down and placed on the ground". This dispute arose over an attempt by Miles to tax the churches in his earldom, which Bethune regarded as unlawful. Miles died in 1143 which ended the dispute over the taxes. Also after his death Bethune was free to leave Empress' faction and thus returned to supporting Stephen. In 1142, Hereford Cathedral, which had begun under Robert de Losinga around 1079, was finally ready for consecration. The work was finally completed in 1148, and it was once consecrated in that year. The year 1148 also saw the departure of Matilda from England, as her support had dwindled over the previous few years and Stephen was able to secure control of most of England. He was never able to completely remove Matilda's supporters, however.

paragraph: King Stephen gave permission for some of England's bishops, including Bethune, to attend the Council of Reims in 1148. Stephen had expelled the papal legates, or representatives, who arrived in England to summon the bishops to Reims, and after that appointed three of the bishops as representatives of the English Church. These three, Bethune, Hilary of Chichester, and William de Turbeville, were allowed to attend the council. Theobald of Bec was expressly forbidden to attend, but he managed to evade those watching him and arrived in Reims along with his clerk, Thomas Becket.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Bethune died on 16 April 1148 at Reims just after the close of the Council of Reims. As his corpse returned to Hereford, miracles were alleged to have taken place along its route. He was buried in Hereford Cathedral.

paragraph: Bethune's episcopal "acta", or his decisions and other documents relating to his episcopal career, have been published in the "English Episcopal Acta" series, in the volume relating to the diocese of Hereford. A medieval catalogue of works at Llanthony Priory also recorded that they owned a collection of letters by Bethune, but this has not survived.

paragraph: A "Life", or hagiography, giving his life and miracles, was written about him, by one of the Bethune's canons, William of Wycombe. It contains few details of Bethune's life itself. Instead, it is an attempt by his canons to secure sainthood for Bethune. Although the life describes miracles that took place at Bethune's tomb, no evidence survives of a formal cult being developed, and he was never canonised. The historian Avram Saltman called him "the model bishop of his time", because of his care for his diocese and his abilities.

description: Bishop of Hereford

wikidata_label: Robert de Béthune

wikipedia_title: Robert de Bethune


text:
Bishop of Hereford
Gilbert Foliot
Alexander, Bishop of Lincoln
Henry of Blois
Bishop of Winchester
Stephen of England
Council of Reims
Robert de Chesney
Archdeacon of Oxford
Thomas Becket
Archbishop of Canterbury
Hereford Cathedral
Bishop of London
Robert de Chesney
Foliot family
Warpsgrove
Oxfordshire
Robert of Melun
canon
Lincoln Cathedral
cathedral chapter
Eugene III
Clarendon
Constitutions of Clarendon
see of Hereford
Canterbury
Richard of Dover
Third Lateran Council
Hugh Parvus
judge-delegate
Roger
Bishop of Worcester
Norman
priory
Wigmore Abbey
Bodleian Library
Oxford University

categories: 1186 deaths,12th-century Roman Catholic bishops,Burials at Hereford Cathedral,Bishops of Hereford

paragraph: Robert Foliot

paragraph: Robert Foliot (died 1186) was a medieval Bishop of Hereford in England. He was a relative of a number of English ecclesiastics, including Gilbert Foliot, one of his predecessors at Hereford. After serving Alexander, Bishop of Lincoln as a clerk, he became a clerk of Henry of Blois, the Bishop of Winchester and brother of King Stephen of England. He attended the Council of Reims in 1148, where another relative, Robert de Chesney, was elected as Bishop of Hereford. Chesney then secured the office of Archdeacon of Oxford for Foliot.

paragraph: During the early 1160s, Foliot also served as a clerk for Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury, but left the archbishop's service as Becket's dispute with the king began to intensify. He was elected to Hereford in 1173, and served as a royal and papal judge while bishop. Archeological evidence links the building of the Bishop's Palace at Hereford to his episcopate. After his death, Foliot was buried in Hereford Cathedral.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Robert Foliot was a relative of both Gilbert Foliot, Bishop of Hereford and Bishop of London, and of Robert de Chesney, Bishop of Lincoln. Another relative was Ralph Foliot, a royal justice. Robert Foliot's family appears to have been the branch of the Foliot family that owned the manor of Warpsgrove in Oxfordshire. This is made likely by Foliot's confirmation of a gift of land from Ralph Foliot of Warpsgrove to Ralph's son, and it is possible that Foliot was the brother or uncle of Ralph Foliot.

paragraph: There is no evidence of Foliot's education, but he likely received an education to fit him for his career in the church. Bibliographers have frequently confused him with his predecessor as bishop, Robert of Melun, so he has mistakenly been given as the author of a number of documents.

paragraph: Section::::Clerical career.

paragraph: Foliot was a canon of Lincoln Cathedral by 1147, and an official of Alexander of Lincoln, the Bishop of Lincoln, who secured Foliot's early promotions in the church. Foliot was sent to the Council of Reims in 1148 by the Lincoln cathedral chapter to learn Pope Eugene III's wishes regarding the vacant bishopric, as Alexander had died in February 1148. Henry of Blois, the Bishop of Winchester, was attempting to secure Lincoln for one of his nephews, but the pope agreed with the chapter and appointed Robert de Chesney as bishop instead. After his consecration, Chesney continued to employ Foliot as a clerk.

paragraph: Foliot was later named Archdeacon of Oxford in the Lincoln diocese, sometime before 1 October 1151, owing the appointment to Chesney. He was also a canon of Hereford Cathedral, appearing in that capacity in 1173, but it is unclear when exactly he acquired the position. It is also unclear whether he owed this position to his relative Gilbert Foliot, who was bishop of Hereford from 1148 to 1163, or if he received the canonry after 1163 through royal influence. Foliot served as a clerk for Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury, witnessing three documents for Becket during the period 1162–1164.

paragraph: During early days of Becket's dispute with the king, Foliot helped mediate between Becket and Gilbert Foliot, who was supporting the king. Robert Foliot was one of the first of Becket's clerks to leave the archbishop's service, asking permission to leave Becket's household shortly after the council at Clarendon in January 1164, which ratified the Constitutions of Clarendon.

paragraph: Section::::Bishop of Hereford.

paragraph: Foliot was elected to the see of Hereford in late April 1173 and consecrated on 6 October 1174 at Canterbury by Archbishop Richard of Dover. Hereford had been vacant since the death of Robert of Melun in 1167, due to the Becket's exile and then death. Foliot was either elected by the cathedral chapter without guidance from the king, or was nominated to the cathedral chapter by King Henry at the urging of his relative Gilbert Foliot. Robert Foliot later attended the Third Lateran Council in 1179. While bishop, he became involved in a disupte with Hugh Parvus, a local baron, over the power of appointment to two churches. He also served as a judge-delegate for the papacy, serving with Roger, the Bishop of Worcester on cases including one between a Norman monastery and an English priory. He judged a number of other cases for the papacy during his time as bishop. He received over 40 surviving papal commissions and communications, some of which dealt with the problems of married clergy in his diocese. From his ecclesiastical documents, almost 40 survive.

paragraph: While bishop, Foliot gave books, altar furnishings, and land to his cathedral chapter, as well as a purple and gold cape to Wigmore Abbey. Although no documentary evidence links him to the timbered hall in the bishop's palace at Hereford, tree-ring dating of the timbers has dated its construction to 1179, during his time as bishop. He also gave money to the Bishop's Chapel in Hereford Cathedral.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Foliot died on 9 May 1186, and was buried in Hereford Cathedral. Copies of his correspondence survive at the Bodleian Library at Oxford University.

description: Bishop of Hereford

wikidata_label: Robert Foliot

wikipedia_title: Robert Foliot


text:
Martinique
New Orleans
West Indies
Washington Irving
Ohio
Mammoth Cave
Philadelphia
Seminole
Arkansas
Cuba
Le Figaro
La Liberté
Théâtre du Vaudeville
Théâtre des Variétés
Théâtre de la Porte-Saint-Martin
Ralph Waldo Emerson
The Conduct of Life
Washington Irving
Charles Delange
Francis Tourte
comédie en vaudeville
Amédée de Jallais
Déaddé Saint-Yves
Joseph Dessaix
Victor Hugo
Numa Broc
Xavier Eyma
Data.bnf.fr

categories: 19th-century French poets,19th-century French dramatists and playwrights,Martiniquais journalists,French male journalists,Martiniquais dramatists and playwrights,19th-century French journalists,French chansonniers,French translators,19th-century French novelists,1876 deaths,English–French translators,Martiniquais novelists,1816 births,19th-century French male writers

paragraph: Xavier Eyma

paragraph: Louis-Xavier Eyma (16 October 1816 – 20 March 1876) was a 19th-century French journalist and writer, author, among others, of novels, travel books and theater plays.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born in Martinique, an illegitimate son of Louis, a French lawyer who had long worked in New Orleans and Victorine Eyma, Xavier Eyma studied in France and joined the Navy administration in Paris in 1836. He began to write in the Parisian press and in 1840 obtained a first success with his novel "Le Médaillon".

paragraph: Charged with a mission to West Indies in order to study education there (1845), he also traveled to the United States (1846) as French correspondent of the newspaper " La Chronique ", which inspired him several travel stories. An editor at the "Journal des actionnaires" when he was back in France, he returned in 1858 to New-Orleans where his father lived, and worked there as director of the French section of "L'Abeille" (1858–1859). Among several American personalities, he engaged into a friendship with Washington Irving and visited the plains of Ohio, Mammoth Cave, Leavenworth and Philadelphia.

paragraph: In New Orleans, he attended the arrival of the rest of the tribe of Seminole on their way to deportation in Arkansas. Although an admirer of the United States, Eyma condemned slavery and the massacre of Indians in his writings.

paragraph: He then visited Cuba and after he returned to France in 1861, he worked for many newspapers including "Le Figaro" and "La Liberté".

paragraph: His plays were presented on the most important Parisian stages of the 19th century including Théâtre du Vaudeville, Théâtre des Variétés, and Théâtre de la Porte-Saint-Martin.

paragraph: Director of "Nouvelliste de Paris" (1874–1876), he also translated American authors such as Ralph Waldo Emerson ("Les lois de la vie" 1864, "The Conduct of Life") and Washington Irving ("Histoire de la conquête de Grenade" 1865, "Chronicle of the Conquest of Granada").

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1840: "Écrivains et artistes vivants, français et étrangers, biographies", 3 vols.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1840: "Le Médaillon", novel

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1841: "Emmanuel", poems

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1842 "Introduction à une politique générale"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1842: "L'Abandon !", song

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1849: "Album de 10 mélodies pour voix et piano", with Charles Delange and Francis Tourte

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1849: "Le Croiseur", sea song

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1849: "Dolorita", chanson catalane

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1850: "Capitaine... de quoi ?", one-act comédie en vaudeville, with Amédée de Jallais

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1851: "Le Renard et les raisins", comédie en vaudeville en 1 acte, with de Jallais

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1852: "Les cent écus de Claude", feuilleton

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1853: "Les Deux Amériques, histoire, mœurs et voyages", report

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1853: "Le Mariage au bâton", one-act comédie en vaudeville, with Déaddé Saint-Yves

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1853: "Les Femmes du nouveau monde"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1854: "Les Peaux-Rouges, scènes de la vie des Indiens", report

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1857: "Les Peaux-Noires, scènes de la vie des esclaves", report

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1860: "Le Roi des Tropiques"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1860: "Le Trône d'argent"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1861: "Aventuriers et corsaires", Michel Lévy

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1861: "Le Canal maritime du Darien, état de la question"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1861: "La République américaine, ses institutions, ses hommes"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1862: "Le roman de Flavio (Naples en 1798)", novel, Michel Lévy

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1862: "Scènes de mœurs et de voyages dans le Nouveau-Monde"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1862: "La vie dans le Nouveau-Monde", récit, Poulet-Malassis

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1862: "Les Trente-quatre étoiles de l'Union américaine"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1863: "Légendes, fantômes et récits du Nouveau-Monde", 2 vols.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1863: "Les Poches de mon parrain", roman, 2 vols.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1864: "De la Circulation libre des coupons à revenu fixe"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1865: "Nice et les Alpes-Maritimes, sites pittoresques, monuments, description et histoire des arrondissements de Nice, de Puget-Théniers et de Grasse composant ce nouveau département, texte descriptif et historique", with Joseph Dessaix

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1866: "La Chasse à l'esclave", novel

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1867: "La Mansarde de Rose", followed by "Thérèse Lorrain", novel, A. Faure

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1868: "Tobine", bolero

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1874: "20 Mélodies, piano et chant", with Victor Hugo

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1874: "Les Gamineries de Mme Rivière"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1876: "La Vie aux États-Unis, notes de voyage", Plon

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1877: "Les amoureux de la demoiselle", novel, Dentu

paragraph: BULLET::::- undated: "Les Deux manoirs"

paragraph: BULLET::::- undated: "Excentricités américaines"

paragraph: BULLET::::- undated: "Le Grand cordon et la corde"

paragraph: BULLET::::- undated: "Mademoiselle Topaze"

paragraph: BULLET::::- undated: "Le Masque blanc"

paragraph: BULLET::::- undated "Monrose..."

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jack Corzani, "Littérature antillaise (poésie)", 1971,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Edward Larocque Tinker, "Les écrits de langue française en Louisiane au XIXe", 1975,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Numa Broc, "Dictionnaire des Explorateurs français du XIXe siècle", T.3, Amérique, CTHS, 1999,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dominique Chancé, "Histoire des littératures antillaises", 2005,

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Xavier Eyma on Data.bnf.fr

description: French playwright (1816-1876)

wikidata_label: Xavier Eyma

wikipedia_title: Xavier Eyma


text:
c.
Bishop of Hereford
Bishop of St David's
hospital
priory
knight's fee
Northamptonshire
Robert Foliot
canon
Hereford Cathedral
Archdeacon of Shropshire
papal judge-delegate
John's
benefice
Colwall
Giles de Braose
Robert Grosseteste
Bishop of Lincoln
cathedral chapter
Henry III
see of Hereford
William de Goldcliff
Bishop of Llandaff
Canterbury
Peter des Roches
Bishop of Winchester
Dunstable
Hereford Castle
Hubert de Burgh
Ledbury
Alberbury Priory
Grandmontine

categories: Archdeacons of Ludlow,Year of birth uncertain,13th-century Roman Catholic bishops,1234 deaths,Bishops of Hereford

paragraph: Hugh Foliot

paragraph: Hugh Foliot (c. 1155 – 7 August 1234) was a medieval Bishop of Hereford. Related somehow to his predecessor at Hereford, he served as a priest and papal judge as well as being an unsuccessful candidate as Bishop of St David's in Wales. In 1219, he was appointed Bishop of Hereford. During his time in office, he mostly attended to ecclesiastical duties, but did occasionally serve as a royal administrator. He helped found a hospital and a priory, and died in 1234 after a months-long illness.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Foliot possibly was the son of Roger Foliot and his wife Rohese. Roger held three knight's fees in Northamptonshire. Probably born sometime between 1150 and 1160, Hugh was related in some manner to Robert Foliot, his predecessor at Hereford. He was a canon of Hereford Cathedral before becoming Archdeacon of Shropshire by May 1186. Foliot is a frequent witness on charters as archdeacon, but little else is known of his tenure of the office. From 1212 to 1219, he served as a papal judge-delegate three times. In 1215 he was also King John's candidate for the see of St David's in Wales, but was not elected.

paragraph: After Foliot's failed candidacy as bishop, in February 1216 John appointed him to the benefice of Colwall in Herefordshire, the king having the ability to make the appointment because Giles de Braose, the Bishop of Hereford, who would normally have made the appointment, had recently died. Also from this time comes Foliot's patronage of Robert Grosseteste, the theologian and future Bishop of Lincoln.

paragraph: Section::::Bishop.

paragraph: Foliot had been one of three members of the cathedral chapter from Hereford sent to King Henry III's court to secure permission for the chapter to hold an election in 1219 Foliot was elected to the see of Hereford in June 1219 and consecrated on 27 October 1219 along with William de Goldcliff, the Bishop of Llandaff, at Canterbury.

paragraph: The new bishop accompanied Peter des Roches, the Bishop of Winchester, on a pilgrimage in 1221. Because des Roches travelled to Spain to the shrine of St James at Compostela, and it is known that Foliot accompanied him, the statement by a medieval chronicler from Dunstable that Foliot's destination was not certain, being either Rome or Compostela, should be discounted.

paragraph: Foliot spent most of his tenure of office in his diocese, only rarely attending the royal court or being assigned governmental duties. On 30 December 1223, Foliot assumed one of those duties, when he took custody of Hereford Castle after it was surrendered by Hubert de Burgh, during the redistribution of royal castles when de Burgh ousted des Roches from power. He also was appointed to determine the size of the royal forest in Gloucestershire. Foliot also founded a hospital in Ledbury, devoted to St Katherine. He helped found Alberbury Priory, a house of the Grandmontine order. In his cathedral, he reorganised the benefices and offices of the chapter, as well as endowing further benefices.

paragraph: Foliot died 7 August 1234, after an illness that began in the spring. He was buried in Hereford Cathedral, where his tomb survives. Foliot appointed his younger brother Thomas to offices in the diocese, first as precentor in the 1220s and then around 1230 as treasurer of the cathedral chapter.

description: Bishop of Hereford

wikidata_label: Hugh Foliot

wikipedia_title: Hugh Foliot


text:
Bishop of Hereford
England
Oxford
Cambridge
prebendary
Thomas Charlton
St. Michael’s, Shrewsbury
William of Wykeham
Innocent VI
bishopric of Hereford
Canon
Hereford Cathedral
Bishop
Hereford
Simon Islip
Humphrey de Cherlton
Chancellor
Oxford University

categories: Chancellors of the University of Oxford,Year of birth unknown,14th-century English people,1369 deaths,Bishops of Hereford

paragraph: Lewis de Charleton

paragraph: Lewis de Charleton (died 23 May 1369) was a medieval Bishop of Hereford in England.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Charleton was educated, it is said, at both Oxford and Cambridge, but was more closely connected with Oxford, of which he became a doctor of civil law and a licentiate, if not also a doctor, in theology. In 1336, he became prebendary of Hereford, of which see his kinsman Thomas Charlton was then bishop. He next appears, with his brother Humphrey, as holding prebends in the collegiate church of Pontesbury, of which Lord Charlton was patron. In 1340, Adam of Coverton petitione to the king against him on the ground of obstructing him in collecting tithes belonging to St. Michael’s, Shrewsbury. A royal commission was appointed to inquire into the case, which in 1345 was still pending. Lewis had apparently succeeded Thomas the bishop to this prebend, and on his resignation in 1359 was succeeded by Humphrey, who held all three prebends in succession. In 1348, he appears as signing, as doctor of civil law, an indenture between the town and university of Oxford that the should have a common assize and assay of weights and measures. He was probably continuously resident as a teacher at Oxford; of which university his brother became chancellor some time before 1354. It is sometimes, but without authority, asserted that Lewis himself was chancellor. He constantly acted, however, in important business in conjunction with his brother. In 1354, a great feud broke out between town and university, and at the brothers’ petition the king conditionally liberated some townsmen from prison and granted his protection for a year to the scholars. For these and other services they were enrolled in the album of benefactors, and in 1356 an annual mass for the two was directed to be henceforth celebrated on St. Edmund’s day.

paragraph: William of Wykeham is said to have been among Charlton’s pupils in mathematics. Charlton’s Inn took its name from one of the brothers or from some others of the name about the same time connected with) the university. At last Lewis was raised by revision of Innocent VI to the bishopric of Hereford (1361), having already been elected by a part of the chapter, although the preference of another part for John Barnet, arch-deacon of London, had probably necessitated the reference to Avignon. Charlton was consecrated at Avignon on 3 October of the same year.

paragraph: Charleton was a Canon at Hereford Cathedral. He was nominated as Bishop of Hereford on 10 September 1361 and consecrated on 3 October 1361.

paragraph: Charleton's presence there rather suggests some mission or office at the papal Curia. On 3 November, he made the profession of obedience and received his spiritualities of Archbishop Simon Islip at Oxford, and on 14 November his temporalities were restored. Little is recorded of his acts as bishop. His attention to his parliamentary duties is shown by his appearing as trier, of petitions in 1362, 1363, 1365, 1366, and 1368.

paragraph: Charleton died on 23 May 1369, and was buried in the south-east transept of his cathedral, where his mutilated monument still remains. He left by his will his mitre and some vestments, together with £40, to the cathedral.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Lewis de Charleton's brother Humphrey de Cherlton was the Chancellor of Oxford University from 1354–7. Lewis de Charleton himself may have been Chancellor of the University in 1357.

alias:
Lewis Charlton
Lewes de Cherlton

description: Bishop of Hereford

wikidata_label: Lewis de Charleton

wikipedia_title: Lewis de Charleton


text:
Bishop of Bangor
Bishop of Hereford
Morwenstow
Cornwall

categories: 1474 deaths,15th-century Roman Catholic bishops,Year of birth unknown,Burials at Hereford Cathedral,People from Morwenstow,Bishops of Bangor,Bishops of Hereford

paragraph: John Stanberry

paragraph: John Stanberry (or Stanbury; died 11 May 1474) was a medieval Bishop of Bangor and Bishop of Hereford.

paragraph: Stanberry was probably born at Morwenstow, Cornwall. He was provided as the Bishop of Bangor 4 March 1448 and was consecrated on 23 June 1448. He was translated to Hereford on 7 February 1453. He died on 11 May 1474.

description: Bishop of Bangor; Bishop of Hereford

wikidata_label: John Stanberry

wikipedia_title: John Stanberry


text:
chancellor of France
Lyon
King Henry III of France
Elizabeth I of England
Henry of Navarre
Huguenot
Henry I, Duke of Guise
Catholic League
Francis, Duke of Anjou
Low Countries

categories: People from Lyon,French Ministers of Finance,1529 births,Chancellors of France,17th-century French politicians,16th-century French diplomats,16th-century French politicians,1607 deaths

paragraph: Pomponne de Bellièvre

paragraph: Pomponne de Bellièvre (1529 – 7 or 9 September 1607) was a French statesman, chancellor of France (1599–1605).

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Bellièvre was born in Lyon in 1529.

paragraph: Between 1575 and 1588, Bellièvre accepted more than a dozen diplomatic missions for King Henry III of France (1551–1589). Sometimes he negotiated with foreign rulers, such as Elizabeth I of England, but more often with domestic antagonists, such as Henry of Navarre and his Huguenots, Henry I, Duke of Guise, and the Catholic Leaguers, and Francis, Duke of Anjou and his allies in the Low Countries. In the course of these missions Bellievre corresponded copiously with Henry III, and Bellievre also discussed them with his ministerial colleagues, often stating frankly to colleagues his discomfort with King Henry's decisions. With the king himself, he expressed his doubts more cautiously.

paragraph: Section::::Farewell to Henry III.

paragraph: As King Henry III lay dying in 1589, Bellièvre pronounced a devastating commentary on the royal master he had served: "If kings are good, we must preserve them; if they are bad, we must endure them. God sends one or the other to punish or console His people."

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Poncet, Olivier, "Pomponne de Bellièvre (1529–1607) Un homme d’État au temps des guerres de religion" (Paris: École des chartes, 1999)

description: French politician

wikidata_label: Pomponne de Bellièvre

wikipedia_title: Pomponne de Bellièvre


text:
comic
football
Roy of the Rovers
Roy Race
Steel Claw
Valiant
Jesús Blasco
Ken Bulmer
Kelly's Eye
Janus Stark
Frank Bellamy
Eagle
Doctor Who
TV Comic
Battle Picture Weekly
2000 AD
Dan Dare
Harlem Heroes
Mean Arena
The Mind of Wolfie Smith
Dan Dare
Dave Gibbons
The Mind of Wolfie Smith
Ian Gibson
Mike White
Jesus Redondo
Mike Dorey
Tom Tully
Tom Tully
Tom Tully

paragraph: Tom Tully (writer)

paragraph: Tom Tully was a noted British comic writer mostly of sports and action stories. He is probably most famous as the longest-running writer of the popular football-themed strip "Roy of the Rovers", which he wrote for much of Roy Race's playing career until the weekly comic closed in 1993.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: From 1963 to 1970, Tully was the principal writer on "Steel Claw" for "Valiant" with artist Jesús Blasco, taking over for the fourth serial from Ken Bulmer, and later returning from 1971 to 1973 for the sequel strip, "Return of the Claw". He also worked on "Kelly's Eye" and "Janus Stark", and wrote Heros the Spartan with art by Frank Bellamy for "Eagle". According to the first printing Paul Scoones's "The Comic Strip Companion" (2012), Tully was also regular writer on the "Doctor Who" strip in "TV Comic" prior to 1966; however subsequent research suggests that the author had confused Tully with another comics writer of this period, Thomas Woodman.

paragraph: In the 1970s and '80s, he worked on "Johnny Red" for "Battle Picture Weekly". He worked on many "2000 AD" projects including "Dan Dare", and the sports-related "Harlem Heroes" and "Mean Arena". He also created "The Mind of Wolfie Smith" for Tornado, which later transferred to "2000 AD".

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: Comics work includes:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dan Dare": "Servant of Evil" (with art by Dave Gibbons, in "2000 AD" #100–126, 1979)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Mind of Wolfie Smith":

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Mind of Wolfie Smith" (with art by Vanyo, in "Tornado" #1–11, 15–22, 1979)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Evil of Matthew Hobb" (with art by Ian Gibson, in "2000 AD" #127–130)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Night of the Carnivore" (with art by Vanyo (1–12) and Mike White (13–14), in "2000 AD" #131–134, 136–145, 1979)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Mind of Wolfie Smith Book 2" (with Jesus Redondo (1–14) and Mike Dorey as J. Clough (15), in "2000 AD" #162–176, 177, 1980)

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Tully retired to Wiltshire in the West Country. He died in Autumn 2013.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tom Tully at 2000 AD online

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tom Tully at the official Roy of the Rovers site

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tom Tully at Dan Dare.info

description: British writer

wikidata_label: Tom Tully

wikipedia_title: Tom Tully (writer)


text: Arabic

text: Moroccan

text: Sufi

text: Berber

text: Jazulah

text: Dala'il al-Khayrat

text: Muslim

text: Marrakesh

text: Sous

text: Morocco

text: Atlantic Ocean

text: Atlas Mountains

text: Fez

text: Ahmad Zarruq

text: Dala'il al-Khayrat

text: Shadhili

text: Abu Abdallah Mohammed Amghar

text: sheikh

text: Banu Amghar

text: Khalwa

text: Safi

text: Safi

text: Saadi dynasty

text: Portuguese

text: Abu Abdallah al-Qaim

text: Marrakesh

text: Marrakesh

text: Ahmad al-Araj

text: Moulay Ismael

text: Mohammed Ben Abdallah

text: Mohamed ben Issa

text: Issawa order

text: Qari Muhammad Muslehuddin Siddiqui

text: Mp3 Audio Recitation

categories: People from Safi, Morocco,Berber Muslims,Moroccan Sufi writers,People from Souss-Massa,15th-century Berber people,1465 deaths,Year of birth unknown,Islam in Morocco,Shadhili order,15th-century Moorish people,15th-century Moroccan people

paragraph: Muhammad al-Jazuli

paragraph: Abū 'Abdullah Muḥammad ibn Sulaymān ibn Abū Bakr al-Jazūli al-Simlālī (Arabic:ابو عبدالله محمد ابن سليمان ابن ابوبكر الجزولي السّملالي الحسني) (died 1465), often known as Imam al-Jazuli or Sheikh Jazuli, was a Moroccan Sufi leader of the Berber tribe of the Jazulah. He is best known for compiling the Dala'il al-Khayrat, an extremely popular Muslim prayer book. This book is usually divided into 7 sections for each day of the week. Al-Jazuli is one of the seven saints of Marrakesh.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Al-Jazuli lived in the historic Sous area of Morocco, situated between the Atlantic Ocean and the Atlas Mountains. He studied locally and then went to the Madrasat As-Saffarîn in Fez where his room is still pointed out to visitors today. In Fez he memorized works of usul al-fiqh and Maliki law, such as Ibn al-Hajib’s Mukhtasr al-Far’i and Sahnun’s Al-Mudawwana al-Kubra. He also met the famous jurist and mystic Ahmad Zarruq. After settling a tribal feud he left the area and spent the next forty years in Makkah, Medina and Jerusalem. After his long journey, he returned to Fez where he completed the prayer book Dala'il al-Khayrat.

paragraph: He was initiated into the Shadhili Tariqa, a Sufi order, by a descendant of Abu Abdallah Mohammed Amghar, the sheikh of the Banu Amghar. He spent fourteen years in Khalwa (seclusion) and then went to Safi where he gathered around him many followers. The governor of Safi felt obliged to expel him and later poisoned him which led to his death in 1465. He is said to have died during prayer. His tomb in Afoughal became the center of the Saadi dynasty Saadian resistance against the Portuguese. His deep respect for al-Jazouli was the reason that Abu Abdallah al-Qaim chose Afoughal as his residence.

paragraph: It is claimed that in 1541, seventy-seven years after his death, his body was exhumed to be transferred to Marrakesh and found to be uncorrupted. In the northern part of the Medina of Marrakesh the Saadi sultan Ahmad al-Araj (1517–1544) had a mausoleum built for al-Jazouli. The mausoleum was enlarged and partly rebuilt during the reign of the sultans Moulay Ismael and Mohammed Ben Abdallah.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mohamed ben Issa, the son of one of his disciples who founded the Issawa order

paragraph: BULLET::::- Qari Muhammad Muslehuddin Siddiqui

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mp3 Audio Recitation of Dala’il al-Khayrat and PDF translation and transliteration.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography of Imam Sidi Mohammed b. Sulayman al-Jazouli

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Story of Dala’il al-Khayrat (written by Sheikh Nuh Ha Mim Keller)/a

alias: صاحب دلائل الخیرات

description: گلدستہ درود

wikidata_label: Muhammad al-Jazuli

wikipedia_title: Muhammad al-Jazuli


text: English

text: industrialist

text: philanthropist

text: Liberal Party

text: Victorian era

text: salt mining

text: Droitwich Spa

text: Worcestershire

text: Brierley Hill

text: Staffordshire

text: canal

text: railway

text: salt

text: Stoke Prior

text: British Alkali Company

text: industrial revolution

text: Wordsley

text: Corbett Hospital

text: 1874 general election

text: Member of Parliament

text: Droitwich

text: Liberal Unionist

text: Home Rule for Ireland

text: House of Commons

text: 1892 general election

text: chateau

text: Chateau Impney

text: Droitwich Spa

text: Salt Union Ltd

text: GBP

text: philanthropic

text: veranda

text: Aberdovey

text: Stoke Prior, Worcestershire

text: This is Worcestershire

text: The Corbett Study Group

categories: UK MPs 1880–1885,1901 deaths,Droitwich Spa,UK MPs 1885–1886,Liberal Unionist Party MPs for English constituencies,UK MPs 1874–1880,Liberal Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies,UK MPs 1886–1892,People from Brierley Hill,1817 births,English philanthropists,English businesspeople

paragraph: John Corbett (industrialist)

paragraph: John Corbett ("bapt." 29 June 1817 – 22 April 1901) was an English industrialist, philanthropist and Liberal Party politician of the Victorian era. He is particularly associated with salt mining in Droitwich Spa, Worcestershire. Locally he was nicknamed The Salt King.

paragraph: Section::::Family background.

paragraph: Born in Brierley Hill, Staffordshire, 1817 his father, Joseph Corbett, ran a successful canal transport business there. John joined the family business but by 1850 canals were facing increasing competition from the new and expanding railways.

paragraph: Section::::Foresight.

paragraph: John Corbett sold his share of the family canal business and, in 1853, purchased disused salt workings in Stoke Prior from the British Alkali Company. Corbett brought all the innovations of the industrial revolution to mechanise and commercialise the business, soon making his salt workings the largest in Europe and built a great fortune.

paragraph: Section::::Philanthropy.

paragraph: However he did not simply utilise this fortune just for his own ends, preferring to reinvest profits into the business processes, innovation and also into improving his workforce's working conditions and even raising wages. His workers were so well paid, for the time, that many could boast that their wives did not need to work at all.

paragraph: He purchased a rundown house near to his birthplace, The Hill in Wordsley in December 1891. He repaired and refurbished the house, changing its use into a hospital and endowed it to the local people on 31 July 1893 as Corbett Hospital, with a sum of £2,000 for endowment (increased by public subscription to £5,000) and two sums of £500 towards the repairs fund and furnishing. John Corbett never lived at The Hill.

paragraph: Section::::Politics.

paragraph: He was elected at the 1874 general election as Member of Parliament (MP) for the Droitwich, having unsuccessfully contested the seat in 1868. He was re-elected at three subsequent general elections, joining the breakaway Liberal Unionists when the Liberal Party split in 1886 over Home Rule for Ireland. Corbett retired from the House of Commons at the 1892 general election.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage.

paragraph: In 1855 he met his future wife Hanna O'Meara in Paris. She lived in Paris with her Irish father and French mother. He married her within a year of meeting her. They were to have six children together. Rumour has it that one of the children was not John's.

paragraph: She missed her elegant Parisian lifestyle and the French upbringing she had enjoyed so Corbett had a French style chateau built to assuage her homesickness, completed in 1875 for the staggering cost, at the time, of £247,000. Chateau Impney still stands today, as a well-known landmark just outside Droitwich Spa.

paragraph: Despite this lavish and romantic gesture they separated after nearly thirty years of marriage.

paragraph: Section::::Retirement.

paragraph: In 1888, he sold the massive salt business to the Salt Union Ltd for GBP £660,000 (equivalent to £50 million in 2007). He spent much of the proceeds in philanthropic work in and around Droitwich Spa, buying St. Andrew's House and turning it into the Raven Hotel. At the end of the 19th century, he presented a veranda to the Aberdovey literary institute.

paragraph: He died on 22 April 1901 and was buried in the churchyard of St Michaels, Stoke Prior, Worcestershire.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Local history page with some photographs

paragraph: BULLET::::- "This is Worcestershire"

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Corbett Study Group

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Corbett's contributions in Parliament

description: British politician

wikidata_label: John Corbett

wikipedia_title: John Corbett (industrialist)


text:
Armenian
Alexandropol
Echmiadzin
University of Leipzig
philosophy
anthropology
Leipzig
Alexandropol
Armenian Revolutionary Federation
Western Armenia
Yerevan
University of Zurich
Tiflis
Hovhannes Tumanyan
Caucasus
Young Turks
Western Armenia
Panturkism
Turkey
Germany
Berlin
German–Armenian Society
World War I
Armenian Genocide
Korney Chukovsky
Kislovodsk
Paris
Armenian SSR
Academy of Sciences of the Armenian SSR
Writers Union of the Armenian SSR
Stalin State Prize
Armenian SSR
Order of Lenin
dram
Odessa
Soviet Armenia
Soviet Union
Second World War
humanism
Russia
Alexander Blok
Europe
Lanham, Maryland
University Press of America
Isahakyan museum
Biography of Avetik Isahakian
Avetik Isahakian poems

categories: Burials at the Komitas Pantheon,1875 births,1957 deaths,20th-century Armenian poets,People from Gyumri,20th-century male writers,Soviet poets,Stalin Prize winners,Soviet male writers,Armenian male poets

paragraph: Avetik Isahakyan

paragraph: Avetik Isahakyan (; October 30, 1875 – October 17, 1957) was a prominent Armenian lyric poet, writer and public activist.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Isahakyan was born in Alexandropol in 1875. He was educated at the Kevorkian seminary in Echmiadzin, and later at the University of Leipzig, where he studied philosophy and anthropology. He started his literary as well as political careers in his early youth. Upon his return from Leipzig in 1895 he entered the ranks of the newly established Alexandropol committee of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation. Through his activities he supported armed groups and financial aid sent to Western Armenia from Alexandropol. He was arrested in 1896 and spent a year in Yerevan’s prison.

paragraph: Later Isahakyan went abroad, attending Literature and History of Philosophy classes at the University of Zurich. He returned to his homeland in 1902, and then moved to Tiflis.

paragraph: Together with 158 other Armenian intellectuals, he was arrested in 1908 and after spending half a year in Tiflis' Metekha prison (just like Hovhannes Tumanyan), he was freed on bail. Staying in the Caucasus was no longer possible, and by 1911 Isahakyan had emigrated.

paragraph: Isahakyan did not believe the promises made by the government of the Young Turks, regarding self-government and autonomy of Western Armenia. Assured that the danger of Panturkism (which he believed was aimed at the total extinction of Armenians) could be prevented by Turkey’s supporter, Germany, Isahakyan went to Berlin. There, together with a number of German intellectuals, he participated in the German-Armenian movement, and edited the group’s journal "Mesrob" and co-founded German–Armenian Society. The start of World War I and the horrifying massacres confirmed his gruesome predictions about the annihilating nature of the Young Turks government's policies. After the war and the Armenian Genocide, Isahakyan described through his compositions the sorrow destiny and Armenians’ heroic struggle for freedom. The poet put forward the genocide accusations, the worst part of which had taken place between 1915–1922, in "The White Book". During that period, Isahakyan expressed his ideas mainly through his social and political articles, in which he discussed the topics of the Armenian cause, reunification of Armenia and the restoration of the Armenian government. The images of the massacres are persistent in his poems, such as "Snow has Covered Everything...", "To Armenia...", and "Here Comes Spring Again".

paragraph: Korney Chukovsky met him in Kislovodsk in 1926 and wrote in his diary:

paragraph: I've just had a visit from four Armenians, one of whom, Avetik Isaakyan, is a well-known poet. I can't tell you what a nice man he is: modest, quiet, completely unaffected. He spent a fortnight here without anyone's knowing who he was. Yet his fame is such that when I mentioned him to our Armenian barber, he immediately beamed and started reciting his poetry in Armenian. The shoeshine man had the same reaction: "Avetik! Avetik!" He has a sad, absent look about him. They say the regime (which pays him a small pension) won't let him visit his family abroad. I was surprised to find that he was unable to recite even four lines of his verse in Armenian when I asked him to: he's forgotten everything. And when we had an Armenian evening and his poems were read from the podium he just sat there in the audience, hunched forward, his hands over his face. He refused to go out on the podium or utter a single word.

paragraph: Isahakyan again went abroad in 1930 and lived in Paris, but returned permanently to the Armenian SSR in 1936, where he was elected to the Academy of Sciences of the Armenian SSR in 1943 and president of the Writers Union of the Armenian SSR in 1944. He was awarded the Stalin State Prize in 1946, served as a member of the Soviet Committee for Protection of Peace, and was a deputy of the II-IV Supreme Soviets of the Armenian SSR.

paragraph: He was awarded the Order of Lenin twice and decorated with other medals.

paragraph: Isahakyan's portrait appears on the Armenian 10,000 dram bill.

paragraph: Avetik Isahakyan is buried at Komitas Pantheon which is located in the city center of Yerevan.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Upon his release from the prison, 1897, he published first compilation of his poems "Songs and Wounds", however soon was arrested again for his activities "against Russia's Tsar" and sent to Odessa. The lyricism, emotional charge and melody of his poems earned him immediate popularity. His best works are filled with sorrow and lament meditations about the fate of the humanity, injustice of life. His compositions are penetrated with love to one’s motherland and people.

paragraph: Between 1899-1906 he wrote "The Songs of Haiduks", a compilation of poems that became the first creation within classical Armenian poetry dedicated to the Armenian freedom struggle.

paragraph: A symbolic story portraying the Armenian politics and Armenian cause of the 19th early 20th centuries must have been "Usta Karo", an unfinished novel, the work on which had accompanied the writer through all his life. "Usta Karo will be done on the day when the Armenian cause is resolved", the master himself used to say. Ishakyan could not get used the idea of a dismembered Armenia. With a deep emotional pain and bitterness in his heart he continued to believe that a time would come when the Armenian people would return to their native shores.

paragraph: Isahakyan returned to the Soviet Armenia in 1926 where he published a new collection of his poems and stories (e.g. "A Pipe of Patience" - 1928). Between 1930 and 1936 he lived abroad where he acted as a friend of the Soviet Union. He later had finally moved back to Armenia where he continued his enormous social work. Among his works of that time are famous "Our historians and Our Minstrels" (1939), "To my Motherland" (1940), "Armenian Literature" (1942) or "Sasna Mher" (1937).

paragraph: His poems are those of love and sorrow. His best work is "Abu-Lala Mahari" (1909–1911), while his other well-known works include "Songs and Novels" and "The Mother's Heart". Being a romantic, Isahakyan was best known for his verse "On the Bridge of Realto" dedicated to his first love.

paragraph: During the Second World War of 1941-1945, he wrote patriotic poems like "Martial Call" (1941), "My Heart is at the Mountains' Top" (1941), "To the Undying Memory of S.G. Zakyan" (1942), "The Day of the Great Victory" (1945) and many other.

paragraph: His creative work, filled with humanism, and a great respect to the human dignity, is deeply connected with the history and culture of the Armenian people, embracing the best traditions of the Russian and the World literature. The Russian poet Alexander Blok characterized him as a "first class poet, fresh and simple, whom one, perhaps, cannot find in Europe anymore."

paragraph: Isahakyan’s works have been translated in many languages and his poems have been used as lyrics for new songs.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Avetik Isahakian:"Notebooks of a Lyric Poet"; translated, introduced, and annotated by Leon D. Megrian; Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1991,

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Isahakyan museum

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography of Avetik Isahakian

paragraph: BULLET::::- Avetik Isahakian poems

description: Soviet poet

wikidata_label: Avetik Isahakyan

wikipedia_title: Avetik Isahakyan


text: American

text: multi-instrumentalist

text: songwriter

text: audio recording engineer

text: Los Angeles

text: California

text: New York City

text: Barcelona

text: Tokyo

text: Kyoto

text: Louisville

text: Portland

text: Retsin

text: Ida

text: The Naysayer

text: Castanets

text: Maggie Nelson

text: Punk Planet

text: Magnet

text: The Wire

text: Venus Zine

text: Half-Cocked

text: Quarterstick Records

text: Mr. Lady Records

text: K Records

text: Kranky

text: Troubleman Unlimited Records

text: Mississippi Records

text: Tiger Style Records

text: K Records

text: Important Records

text: Official website

text: K Records artist page

text: Amazon.com list of records

text: Emusic discography

text: 3hive.com web info

text: eMusic Q&A: Tara Jane O'Neil

text: 96 Gillespie's Tara Jane O'Neil bio

categories: Guitarists from Oregon,1972 births,21st-century women musicians,American female guitarists,American multi-instrumentalists,Quarterstick Records artists,Living people

paragraph: Tara Jane O'Neil

paragraph: Tara Jane O'Neil (born November 22, 1972) (last name sometimes spelled "ONeil", sometimes known as TJO) is an American multi-instrumentalist, songwriter, audio recording engineer, and visual artist based out of Los Angeles, California, United States.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: O'Neil is a multi-instrumentalist, composer, audio engineer and visual artist. She creates melodic and experimental music under her own name and in collaboration with her friends. Her recordings and live performances range from solo songing to noise improvisations. TJO has composed and performed music and sound for films, theater and dance performances, and written large and small ensemble experimental architectures.

paragraph: O'Neil is also a notable visual artist. Her work has been exhibited in New York City, Barcelona, Tokyo, Kyoto, Louisville, and Portland, among other places. Her artwork has appeared on her solo record covers, on the record covers of many others (Retsin, Ida, The Naysayer, Castanets), in poetry books by Cynthia Nelson ("Raven Days" and "The Kentucky Rules") and Maggie Nelson (cover of "Something Bright, Then Holes"), in the magazines Punk Planet, Magnet, The Wire, Venus Zine, Copper Press, and various international publications. "Who Takes A Feather", a book of her drawings and paintings, was published in 2004 by Map Press out of Tokyo. In 2007, "Wings. Strings. Meridians. A Blighted Bestiary" was published by Yeti, including an album of live recordings, 4-track demos, and out-takes.

paragraph: O'Neil starred in the 1994 indie film "Half-Cocked" as herself, credited as "Rhonda".

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Solo.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Solo.:Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Peregrine" (2000, Quarterstick Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "In The Sun Lines" (2001, Quarterstick Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "TJO TKO" (2002, Mr. Lady Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "You Sound, Reflect" (2004, Quarterstick Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "In Circles" (2006, Quarterstick Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Ways Away" (2009, K Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Where Shine New Lights" (2014, Kranky)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tara Jane O'Neil" (2017, Gnomonsong Records)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Solo.:EPs.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Joy Of..." (2002, Acuarela Discos [Spain])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Who Takes A Feather" companion release 3" CD-EP (2003, Map Press [Japan])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vanishing Point" original score for Naomi Izuka's play "At The Vanishing Point" (2004, self-released digital download)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tracer" (2005, Compass Tone [Japan])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Raveling" (2005, Acuarela Discos [Spain])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "After A Dark Seven" (2006, self-released CD-R)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Light Up Screen" collection of short film scores (2006, self-released digital download)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live & Covered" European tour EP (2008, self-released CD-R)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Solo.:Singles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tie A Ribbon" / "Another Sunday Saint" / "If Your Youth Is Green" (aka Troubleman Solo Singles Series #6) 7" single (2000, Troubleman Unlimited Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "April 3, 2009" live adaptation of the song "The Drowning Electric" (2009, self-released digital download)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Solo.:Compilation albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bones" (2004, Preservation [Australia]) (compilation of demos, alternate versions, out-takes, and songs from singles)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Marrow" (2004, self-released CD-R) (most songs also on "Bones", hand-painted and numbered covers)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "To Trace A Raveling" EP (2006, Mississippi Records) (12" vinyl release combining "Tracer" and "A Raveling" EPs)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wings. Strings. Meridians." companion release CD (2007, Yeti Publications) (compilation of home recordings, live tracks, and film scores)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Collaborations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tara Jane O'Neil and Daniel Littleton: "Music For A Meteor Shower" (2002, Tiger Style Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tara Jane O'Neil and Nikaido Kazumi "Tara Jane O'Neil and Nikaido Kazumi" (2011, K Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tara Jane O'Neil/ELEH "Medusa Smack/100 Gongs For Arieto" (2015, Important Records)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- K Records artist page

paragraph: BULLET::::- Amazon.com list of records

paragraph: BULLET::::- Emusic discography

paragraph: BULLET::::- 3hive.com web info

paragraph: BULLET::::- [ Tara Jane O'Neil on allmusic]

paragraph: BULLET::::- eMusic Q&A: Tara Jane O'Neil

paragraph: BULLET::::- 96 Gillespie's Tara Jane O'Neil bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Would You Believe It? Tara Jane O'Neil Covers Cher

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Tara Jane O'Neil

wikipedia_title: Tara Jane O'Neil


text:
Pașcani
Rebbe
Tel Aviv University
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
rosh yeshiva
hesder
yeshiva
Netivot
Yisrael of Rizhin
Jerusalem
Gilo
Rebbetzin
Imrei Chaim
Vizhnitz
Hoshea Friedman
brigadier general
IDF

categories: Descendants of the Baal Shem Tov,Romanian Orthodox rabbis,Ben-Gurion University of the Negev faculty,Israeli Rosh yeshivas,Tel Aviv University faculty,2017 deaths,Vizhnitz (Hasidic dynasty),Romanian emigrants to Israel,People from Buhuși,1923 births,Rebbes of Ruzhin

paragraph: Yisrael Friedman (Pashkaner Rebbe)

paragraph: Yisrael Friedman (November 8, 1923 – May 1, 2017) was known as the Pashkaner Rebbe (after the city of Pașcani where his grandfather served as Rebbe). He was a lecturer at the Tel Aviv University and the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and the "rosh yeshiva" of a "hesder yeshiva" in Netivot.

paragraph: Friedman was a sixth-generation descendant of Rebbe Yisrael of Rizhin. He resided in the southern Jerusalem neighborhood of Gilo. He was married to Rebbetzin Tziporah, a daughter of the Imrei Chaim of Vizhnitz. One of his sons is Hoshea Friedman, a brigadier general in the IDF. The Rebbe’s grandsons study in various "hesder yeshivos".

paragraph: On Monday, May 1, 2017, Rebbi Friedman died at the age of 93, leaving behind his wife, Rebbetzin Tziporah, his successor Rabbi Hoshea Friedman - Ben Shalom, three other sons and one daughter.

description: rabbi

wikidata_label: Yisrael Friedman

wikipedia_title: Yisrael Friedman (Pashkaner Rebbe)


text: Armentières en Brie/Isles

text: Marseille

text: Natchez, Mississippi

text: Levin R. Marshall

text: George M. Marshall

text: Lansdowne

text: Morris Museum of Art

text: Augusta, Georgia

text: Williamsburg, Virginia

text: Jackson, Mississippi

text: Cleveland, Ohio

categories: 1857 deaths,People from Natchez, Mississippi,American male painters,19th-century French painters,1813 births,French male painters,19th-century American painters,People from Armentières,French emigrants to the United States

paragraph: Louis Joseph Bahin

paragraph: Louis Joseph Bahin (1813-1857) was a French-born American painter in the Antebellum South.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Louis Joseph Bahin was born on October 6, 1813 in Armentières en Brie/Isles, Seine & Marne France.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Bahin exhibited his paintings in Marseille, Southern France, from 1832 to 1845.

paragraph: Bahin became a landscape painter and portraitist in the Antebellum South, especially in Natchez, Mississippi, and painted many members of the Southern aristocracy. For example, he did a portrait of planter Levin R. Marshall and his son, George M. Marshall, which now hangs in the dining-room at Lansdowne, their family mansion.

paragraph: His work can also be found in public galleries and museums. For example, his painting, "Natchez Under the Hill", is exhibited at the Morris Museum of Art in Augusta, Georgia. Other paintings can be found at the Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Folk Art Museum in Williamsburg, Virginia, the Mississippi Department of Archives and History in Jackson, Mississippi, and the Western Reserve Historical Society in Cleveland, Ohio.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life and death.

paragraph: Bahin was married to Josephine Carementrand. He died on June 27, 1857 in Mississippi.

paragraph: Section::::Paintings.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Uyatt Crittenden Webb Family, Georgetown, Kentucky" (circa 1835).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Henry LeGrand Conner (1803-1848)" (circa 1840s).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Portrait of a Young Girl" (circa 1840-50).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Louis Joseph Bahin (1813-1857)" (1847).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gustave Joseph Bahin (1841-1913)" (circa 1848).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Portrait of George M. Marshall, I" (1848-1857).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Young Lady in a French Kitchen" (1852).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mrs Louis Joseph Bahin" (1811-1861). (1852).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Henry Clay" (1852).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Natchez Under the Hill" (1852).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mary Savage Conner Blake (1827-1893)" (circa 1852).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Anna Frances Conner (1835-1852)" (circa 1852).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Joseph Dunbar Shields" (1854).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Young Man in the Bahin Family" (1854).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mrs. Miles Harper (Samantha Ford)" (1859).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "John Ford Harper" (1859).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Truman Holmes, Jr." (1864).

description: American painter

wikidata_label: Louis Joseph Bahin

wikipedia_title: Louis Joseph Bahin


text:
General
OBE
four-star
Chief of Army Staff
Indian Army
Military Governor
Hyderabad State
High Commissioner
Canada
Bengali
Zamindars
Chatmohar Upazila
Pabna
Bangladesh
Rabindranath Tagore
Womesh Chandra Bannerjee
Indian National Congress
British Raj
Pramathanath Chaudhuri
Madras Presidency
Bengali
Devika Rani
Pramatha Chaudhuri
Nobel
Rabindranath Tagore
St. Xavier's College
Calcutta
University of Calcutta
Kolkata
Highgate School
Royal Military College, Sandhurst
moustache
North Staffordshire Regiment
7th Light Cavalry
Command and Staff College
Quetta
5th Infantry Division
Sudan
Eritrea
Abyssinia
Mentioned in Dispatches
OBE
Command and Staff College
Quetta
16th Light Cavalry
Burma
Mentioned in Dispatches
French Indochina
Java
Indonesia
Brigadier
British Malaya
London
Imperial Defence College
New Delhi
Kashmir war
Sam Manekshaw
Major General
1st Armoured Division
1948 Hyderabad Operations
Operation Polo
Military Governor
Hyderabad State
Sino-Indian War
Chief of the Army Staff
Pran Nath Thapar
Padma Vibhushan
The Statesman
Western music
Indian Army
Indian Army Bio

categories: Graduates of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst,University of Calcutta alumni,People from Pabna District,Military personnel from Kolkata,1908 births,People of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965,Bengali people,Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in civil service,Indian generals,People educated at Highgate School,Officers of the Order of the British Empire,British Indian Army officers,1983 deaths,Indian Army personnel of World War II,Chiefs of Army Staff (India),Bengali Hindus

paragraph: Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri

paragraph: General Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri, OBE (10 June 1908 – 6 April 1983) was an Indian four-star general who served as the Chief of Army Staff of the Indian Army from 1962 to 1966 and the Military Governor of Hyderabad State from 1948 to 1949. After his retirement from the Indian Army, he served as the Indian High Commissioner to Canada from 19 July 1966 until August 1969.

paragraph: Section::::Family background and early life.

paragraph: Chaudhuri was born in Bangladesh into a Bengali family which produced many renowned lawyers and writers. His family were the so-called "Zamindars" (landlords) of Haripur and the family was known as the Chaudhuris of Haripur in the province of Bengal, British India. Chaudhuri's paternal grandfather, Durgadas Chaudhuri, was from Chatmohar Upazila of Pabna district of present-day Bangladesh. His paternal grandmother, Sukumari Devi (wife of Durgadas), was a sister of the nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore. Chaudhuri's mother, Pramila Chaudhuri, was the daughter of Womesh Chandra Bannerjee, who was the first president of the Indian National Congress.

paragraph: Other members of Chaudhuri's family were also distinguished in their fields, mainly law, medicine and literature. Indeed, all six of his father's elder brothers, namely Sir Ashutosh Chaudhuri (distinguished judge during the British Raj), Jogesh Chaudhuri, Kumudnath Chaudhuri (barrister), Pramathanath Chaudhuri (distinguished writer), Capt. Manmathanath Chaudhuri (first Indian surgeon-general of Madras Presidency) and Dr. Suhridnath Chaudhuri, were distinguished on their own right. Two of them (Sir Asutosh and Pramathanath) were married to their first cousins (mother's brother's daughters), the nieces of Rabindranath Tagore, and the others were married to women from distinguished Bengali families.

paragraph: The pioneering Indian actress, Devika Rani, was Chaudhuri's first cousin, being the daughter of his father's brother, Manmathnath Chaudhuri. Among Chaudhuri's other close relatives were Barrister Kumud Nath Chaudhuri and Raisahib Babu Narendra Krishna Talukdar, Zamindar of Maligacha and honorary first class magistrate for Pabna District, Rajshahi. Noted writer Pramatha Chaudhuri, who married a niece of Nobel laureate poet Rabindranath Tagore, was his uncle.

paragraph: Chaudhuri studied at St. Xavier's College, Calcutta of the University of Calcutta in the city of Kolkata. He also studied at Highgate School in London, from May 1923 until July 1926, and the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. At Sandhurst, he got his nickname, "Muchhu" (owing to his moustache).

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: He was commissioned from Sandhurst as a second lieutenant onto the Unattached List, Indian Army on 2 February 1928. Returning to India, he was attached to the 1st battalion North Staffordshire Regiment from 19 March 1928. He was accepted for the Indian Army and joined the 7th Light Cavalry on 19 March 1929. In 1934, he attended the course at the Equitation School, Saugor. He attended the Staff course at Command and Staff College, Quetta from December 1939 to June 1940.

paragraph: In 1940, as an acting major, he went overseas on the staff of the 5th Infantry Division and saw service in Sudan, Eritrea, Abyssinia and the western deserts of Africa. For his services, he was Mentioned in Dispatches on 30 December 1941, for distinguished services in the Middle East Feb to July 1941, and again on 30 June 1942 for the same from July to October 1941. He was awarded the OBE on 18 February 1943 for gallant and distinguished services in the Middle East between May to Oct 1942. Recalled to India, he was appointed as a senior Instructor at the Command and Staff College, Quetta as a GSO-1 in 1943.

paragraph: In August 1944 he was transferred to the 16th Light Cavalry. Then a temporary Lieut-Colonel, he commanded this unit from September 1944 to October 1945 in Burma for which he was twice more Mentioned in Dispatches, (London Gazette 9/5/46) for gallant and distinguished services in Burma (Temporary Lt-Col 16th Light Cavalry) and (London Gazette 17/9/46) for gallant and distinguished services in Burma (Temporary Lt-Col, Indian Armoured Corps). At the end of the Burma campaign, he saw service in French Indochina and in Java, Indonesia with his regiment.

paragraph: In 1946, he was promoted to the temporary rank of Brigadier with the war-substantive rank of lieutenant-colonel, in Charge of Administration in British Malaya and in the same year was selected to command the Indian Victory Contingent to London.

paragraph: Section::::Post-Independence career.

paragraph: Following a course at the Imperial Defence College in London in 1947, he returned to India and was appointed Director of Military Operations & Intelligence at Army Headquarters in New Delhi in November 1947.

paragraph: Chaudhuri worked with Major General Mohite to complete military evacuation from Pakistan. He had to organise the Kashmir war effort up to May 1948, when he was succeeded by the then Brig. Sam Manekshaw as DMO and Chand Narayan Das as Director of Military Intelligence.

paragraph: In February 1948, he was promoted to acting Major General and became the officiating Chief of the General Staff.

paragraph: In May 1948, he took over command of the 1st Armoured Division which played a major role in the 1948 Hyderabad Operations. Following Operation Polo in 1948, he was appointed as the Military Governor of Hyderabad State. In the years following, he occupied important military posts and led an Indian Military Delegation to China. In 1949, he was appointed as the first Colonel Commandant of the Electrical & Mechanical Engineers, and was promoted to substantive brigadier on 1 January 1950. In January 1952, he was appointed as the Adjutant General, Army HQ, as a substantive major-general, and in January 1953, he again took over as the Chief of the General Staff. He was promoted to local lieutenant-general on 16 December 1955 and given command of a corps, with promotion to substantive lieutenant-general on 8 May 1957. He was appointed GOC-in-C Southern Command on 25 May 1959.

paragraph: Section::::Chief of the Army Staff.

paragraph: The debacle of the Sino-Indian War and subsequent government inquiries revealing India's military unpreparedness and mismanagement resulted in the Chief of the Army Staff (COAS) Pran Nath Thapar's resignation on 19 November 1962. On 20 November, Chaudhuri succeeded Thapar as officiating COAS with the acting rank of general. Chaudhuri was officially appointed COAS on 20 February 1963, and was promoted to substantive general on 20 July 1963. He retired on 7 June 1966, after completing 38 years of military service. For his services to the nation, he was presented with the Padma Vibhushan - India's second highest civilian honour — by the President of India.

paragraph: Section::::Later years.

paragraph: Subsequently, Chaudhuri served as the Indian High Commissioner to Canada. He wrote two books on military matters and served as a literary reviewer for a leading Indian daily "The Statesman". He was the first Indian army chief to write an autobiography in 1979. He loved Western music and founded and was first president of the Delhi Symphony Society, an organization that promoted Western music. Chaudhuri was married to Karuna Chattopadhyay, with whom he had two sons. He died on 6 April 1983.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Indian Army

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pradeep P. Barua, Gentlemen of the Raj: The Indian Army Officer Corps, 1817-1949

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.archives.lib.soton.ac.uk/mbindex/index179.shtml

paragraph: BULLET::::-

paragraph: BULLET::::- Indian Army Bio

description: Chief of Indian Army Staff and Military Governor of Hyderabad State

wikidata_label: Joyanto Nath Chaudhuri

wikipedia_title: Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri


text: drummer

text: percussionist

text: multi-instrumentalist

text: Arkansas

text: Living Sacrifice

text: Unwed Sailor

text: Lovedrug

text: Mathcore

text: Eso-Charis

text: Fort Smith

text: Arkansas

text: Cory Brandan Putman

text: Norma Jean

text: Eso-Charis

text: heavy metal

text: Living Sacrifice

text: The Hammering Process

text: Conceived in Fire

text: indie rock

text: Unwed Sailor

text: The Marionette and the Music Box

text: White Ox

text: Little Wars

text: Canton, Ohio

text: alternative rock

text: Lovedrug

text: Everything Starts Where It Ends

text: Everything Starts... EP

text: Norma Jean

text: The Last Royals

text: Matthew Putman on Discogs

categories: Living people,20th-century American drummers,21st-century male musicians,American male drummers,21st-century American drummers,1977 births,20th-century male musicians

paragraph: Matthew Putman (musician)

paragraph: Matthew Putman is an American drummer, percussionist, and multi-instrumentalist based in Arkansas. He is best known for being a member of the bands Living Sacrifice, Unwed Sailor, and Lovedrug, as well as his work as a producer and engineer.

paragraph: Section::::Musical career.

paragraph: Putman began his career in 1996 when he formed the Mathcore band Eso-Charis in Fort Smith, Arkansas with his brother Cory Brandan Putman, who later went on to join Norma Jean. When Eso-Charis disbanded in 1998, Putman joined the heavy metal band Living Sacrifice from 1998-2003, playing percussion on their seminal albums "The Hammering Process" and "Conceived in Fire".

paragraph: In 2002, Putman joined the indie rock band Unwed Sailor. He appeared on the albums The Marionette and the Music Box, White Ox, and Little Wars. During this time he also joined the Canton, Ohio alternative rock band Lovedrug from 2003-2005, appearing on the albums "Everything Starts Where It Ends", and the "Everything Starts... EP".

paragraph: Putman has appeared as a sideman on several albums by bands such as Norma Jean, Chase Pagan, and The Last Royals.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matthew Putman of Living Sacrifice, Eso-Charis, Lovedrug, and every other band ever. As the Story Grows. Trav Turner.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matthew Putman on Discogs

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Matthew Putman

wikipedia_title: Matthew Putman (musician)


text: South African

text: cartoonist

text: caricatures

text: Cape

text: anti-capitalist

text: anti-imperialist

text: Die Burger

text: Gregoire Boonzaier

text: Karoo

text: Carnarvon

text: Cape Colony

text: magistrate

text: clerk

text: Cape Town

text: Master

text: Cape Supreme Court

text: copperplate handwriting

text: Colonial Office

text: William Howard Schröder

text: George du Maurier

text: Phil May

text: "Punch"

text: civil service

text: Paul Kruger

text: Piet Joubert

text: Ellen Terry

text: Sarah Bernhardt

text: Henrik Ibsen

text: Leo Tolstoy

text: Émile Zola

text: Alphonse Daudet

text: Pierre Loti

text: Owl Club

text: Lord Milner

text: Cecil Rhodes

text: Gordon Sprigg

text: John X. Merriman

text: J. W. Sauer

text: W. P. Schreiner

text: Sirs

text: John Henry de Villiers

text: Henry Juta

text: James Rose Innes

text: Boer

text: Paul Kruger

text: Marthinus Steyn

text: Louis Botha

text: Christiaan de Wet

text: F. W. Reitz

text: Die Burger

text: J. B. M. Hertzog

text: National Party

text: D. F. Malan

text: Cape Province

text: propaganda

text: Afrikaner nationalism

text: Jan Smuts

text: Imperial

text: free-market

text: South African Party

text: Boer War

text: Prime Minister

text: anti-capitalist

text: The Girl from Kays

text: Randlords

text: Sir Ernest Oppenheimer

text: Jewish

text: anti-Semitism

text: Rand

text: Rand Revolt

text: swept to election victory

text: veld

text: gramophone

text: Impressionists

text: Hague School

text: Leo Tolstoy

text: Bernhardt

text: George Bernard Shaw

text: Henry Irving

text: Gilbert and Sullivan

text: Pieter Wenning

text: Moses Kottler

text: Anton van Wouw

text: Gregoire Boonzaier

text: Impressionism

text: New Group

text: James A. Michener

text: historical novel

text: "The Covenant"

text: populist

categories: 1865 births,People from Kareeberg Local Municipality,1950 deaths

paragraph: D. C. Boonzaier

paragraph: Daniël Cornelis Boonzaier (11 November 1865 – 20 March 1950), more commonly known as D.C. Boonzaier, was a South African cartoonist. He was famous for his caricatures of Cape politicians and celebrities at the turn of the century, and later for his anti-capitalist and anti-imperialist cartoons for "Die Burger". He fathered the artist Gregoire Boonzaier.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Boonzaier was born on a Karoo farm in the country districts near Harmsfontein (later renamed Carnarvon), then part of the Cape Colony, in 1865. He received his first education at Carnarvon and joined the local magistrate's office as a clerk. In 1882, when he was 16 years old, Boonzaier moved to Cape Town to work in the office of the Master of the Cape Supreme Court, having been offered the job because of his impressive copperplate handwriting. He also worked in the Colonial Office and Orphan Chamber.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Boonzaier had drawn amateur caricatures since 1884. He was inspired by the work of William Howard Schröder, a cartoonist and publisher of the humorous weekly, "The Knobkerrie", whom he later met when a work of his was accepted for publication. Boonzaier had no formal art tuition, but closely studied the work of George du Maurier and Phil May of "Punch" fame.

paragraph: In 1889 he resigned from his job in the civil service and became a professional cartoonist. Several newspapers, like "Cape Punch", "The Telephone" and "The Owl", began regularly publishing his work. In 1891 he started work on a gallery of South African and foreign notables and persuaded them to sign their caricatures; included are Paul Kruger, Piet Joubert, Ellen Terry, Sarah Bernhardt, Henrik Ibsen, Leo Tolstoy, Émile Zola, Alphonse Daudet and Pierre Loti. Another collection, "Owlographs", published in 1901, was dedicated to the members and visitors of the celebrated Owl Club, a society co-founded by Boonzaier in 1894 and "whose particular purpose was to entertain important visitors to the Cape". The collection is of great historical interest, as it depicts virtually all the main political actors of the time: Lord Milner, Cecil Rhodes, Gordon Sprigg, John X. Merriman, J. W. Sauer and W. P. Schreiner; Sirs John Henry de Villiers, Henry Juta and James Rose Innes; and Boer leaders like Paul Kruger, Marthinus Steyn, Louis Botha, Christiaan de Wet and F. W. Reitz. In 1903 Boonzaier was hired by "The South Africa News", becoming South Africa's first full-time newspaper cartoonist.

paragraph: Boonzaier began working for "Die Burger" when it was founded in 1915 and continued to do so until 1940. The paper was the mouthpiece of J. B. M. Hertzog's newly formed National Party (NP) and was edited by D. F. Malan, then beginning his political career as NP leader in the Cape Province. Boonzaier's cartoons were powerful propaganda for the NP's resurgent Afrikaner nationalism, which opposed Louis Botha and Jan Smuts' relatively pro-Imperial and free-market South African Party. Though Botha had been a prominent "bittereinder" during the Boer War, as South Africa's first Prime Minister he was perceived as naively conciliatory and pro-Imperial, and became a regular target of Boonzaier's caricatures. But most influential were Boonzaier's anti-capitalist cartoons featuring the character Hoggenheimer, whom Boonzaier had borrowed from turn-of-the-century musical "The Girl from Kays" to evoke Randlords like Sir Ernest Oppenheimer. Though Boonzaier denied it, the character was widely assumed to be Jewish and came to be used to inflame anti-Semitism, most notoriously in the strident opposition to Jewish immigration in the 1930s. Certainly Boonzaier's cartoons expressed contempt for mining interests on the Rand, whose supposed exploitation of poor Afrikaners Smuts' government did little to prevent. These sentiments intensified when Smuts brutally suppressed the 1922 Rand Revolt, after which Hertzog swept to election victory over him and initiated a series of measures to protect white workers. Hertzog's later alliance with Smuts was vehemently opposed by Malan's Cape NP and "Die Burger", and Hertzog soon came to be caricatured by Boonzaier as Hoggenheimer's stooge.

paragraph: Section::::Contribution to the arts.

paragraph: Remarkably for a boy from the "veld" with very little schooling, Boonzaier's home was "a haven of culture in Cape Town". He was a lifelong enthusiast for theatre, both as an actor and producer, and kept a journal of his theatre-going which was later published and became important source material. He was probably the first owner of a gramophone in Cape Town, and collected books on the Impressionists and Hague School and colour reproductions of their work not otherwise available in South Africa. He maintained correspondence with Leo Tolstoy, Bernhardt, George Bernard Shaw, Henry Irving and Gilbert and Sullivan.

paragraph: Boonzaier was a major patron to painter Pieter Wenning; Moses Kottler was another protégé. Boonzaier's closest friends were Wenning, Kottler, Sangiro (A. A. Pienaar, one of the first writers of Afrikaans prose) and the Dutch-South African sculptor Anton van Wouw. His son Gregoire Boonzaier is considered a household name in Cape Impressionism and founded and organised the New Group.

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: James A. Michener's historical novel "The Covenant" refers to Boonzaier's Hoggenheimer cartoons and their contribution to populist fears.

alias:
Daniel Cornelis Boonzaier
D. C. Boonzaier
Daniel Cornelius Boonzaier

description: South African editorial cartoonist

wikidata_label: Daniël Cornelis Boonzaier

wikipedia_title: D. C. Boonzaier


text:
American football
tight end
Buffalo Bills
undrafted free agent
college football
Northern Illinois
quarterback
linebacker
punter
Lincolnshire
Stevenson High School
baseball
basketball
college football
Northern Illinois
Buffalo Bills
Cincinnati Bengals
Cleveland Browns
running back
Jason Wright
injured reserve
Cleveland Browns bio

categories: Cleveland Browns players,People from Long Grove, Illinois,American football tight ends,Buffalo Bills players,Northern Illinois Huskies football players,Living people,1982 births

paragraph: Brad Cieslak

paragraph: Bradley Ryan Cieslak (; born July 1, 1982) is a former American football tight end. He was signed by the Buffalo Bills as an undrafted free agent in 2005. He played college football at Northern Illinois.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Cieslak played quarterback, linebacker and punter at Lincolnshire's Stevenson High School. He also played baseball and basketball. Did not have the chance to start his Jr year at Stevenson as he was back up to All Conference Branko Vajda class of 99. Vajda quit football after high school to pursue his career in civil engineering while Cieslak continued living out his dream of playing in the NFL.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Cieslak played college football at Northern Illinois. During his time at the college he made 47 receptions totaling 531 yards and five touchdowns.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Buffalo Bills.

paragraph: Cieslak joined the Buffalo Bills as an undrafted free agent. He spent most of his rookie season on the practice squad but was signed to the active roster on December 22. He made his NFL debut at the Cincinnati Bengals on December 24.

paragraph: Like in 2005 he was signed initially to the practice squad where he spent the majority of the season. He was elevated to the active roster on November 17 and played in seven games with six receptions for 46 yards. He only appeared in two games for the Bills and was waived on December 6.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Cleveland Browns.

paragraph: He was signed by the Cleveland Browns to the practice squad on December 12. He was re-signed in the 2008 offseason but was waived during final cuts on August 30.

paragraph: Cieslak was re-signed by the Browns on December 23, 2008 after running back Jason Wright was placed on injured reserve. Cieslak was not re-signed after the 2008 season.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Smith and Nephew.

paragraph: Currently, Brad works for Smith and Nephew. He is a true gentleman and scholar, and fun to be around. He is well respected by his colleagues and patients for both his work ethic and good looks.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cleveland Browns bio

description: Player of American football

wikidata_label: Brad Cieslak

wikipedia_title: Brad Cieslak


text: Peterborough

text: Something in the Air

text: Thunderclap Newman

text: TalkTalk

text: Ronnie Scott's

text: Abbey Road Studios

text: iTunes

text: UK Singles Chart

text: TreeHouse

text: Strictly Come Dancing

text: Pink Floyd

text: Gilbert O'Sullivan

text: Rick Wakeman

text: Journey to the Centre of the Earth

text: TalkTalk Press Release

text: Hayley Sanderson's MySpace page

categories: British female singers,21st-century women musicians,English saxophonists,21st-century saxophonists,Living people,Year of birth missing (living people)

paragraph: Hayley Sanderson

paragraph: Hayley Sanderson is an English singer and saxophonist. Born in 1982.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Born in Peterborough, Sanderson became known her 2006 single, a cover of "Something in the Air" by Thunderclap Newman. The song was used by TalkTalk in its television advertisements. Members of the advertising agency discovered Sanderson at a performance in Ronnie Scott's jazz club, where she performed regularly with the Leo Green Experience. "Something in the Air" was re-recorded at Abbey Road Studios, with a 35-member string section. It was released on iTunes on 31 July 2006, with its store release on 7 August, and reached No. 61 on the UK Singles Chart. Proceeds from the song were donated to TreeHouse.

paragraph: In October 2009, Sanderson released her debut album, "Just Songs", a collection of covers and original material.

paragraph: Sanderson is one of the vocalists on the UK edition of "Strictly Come Dancing", and performs vocals and saxophone with Kitsch Lounge Riot and the Pink Floyd tribute band, "Think Floyd". In 2011, she featured on "Here's Why", a duet with Gilbert O'Sullivan on his album "Gilbertville".

paragraph: In 2014, Sanderson joined Rick Wakeman as vocalist on his UK tour of "Journey to the Centre of the Earth" to celebrate its fortieth anniversary. She sings on the 2012 re-recording of the album, as well as the 2016 re-recording of Wakeman's "The Myths and Legends of King Arthur and the Knights of the Round Table".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- TalkTalk Press Release announcing release of "Something in the Air"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hayley Sanderson's MySpace page

description: British singer

wikidata_label: Hayley Sanderson

wikipedia_title: Hayley Sanderson


text: Cardinal of the Catholic Church

text: cardinalate

text: Minor Seminary

text: Pontifical Roman Seminary

text: Pontifical Lateran University

text: theology

text: canon law

text: Ordained

text: priest

text: Rafael Merry del Val

text: Roman Curia

text: Privy Chamberlain of His Holiness

text: counselor

text: Portuguese

text: Domestic Prelate of His Holiness

text: diplomatic relations

text: India

text: chargé d'affaires

text: Holy See

text: Indian government

text: Nuncio

text: Philippines

text: Titular Archbishop

text: Myra

text: Adeodato Giovanni Piazza

text: OCD

text: Francesco Borgongini Duca

text: co-consecrators

text: Apostolic Nuncio to the Philippines

text: Second Vatican Council

text: Pope Paul VI

text: Cardinal-Deacon

text: consistory

text: Cardinal-Priest

text: pro hac vice

text: conclaves

text: October 1978

text: Popes John Paul I

text: John Paul II

text: Chamberlain of the College of Cardinals

text: funeral Mass

text: Campo Verano

text: reactionary

text: Our Lady Mediatrix of All Graces

text: Teresita Castillo

text: Vatican

wikipedia_title: List of Camerlengos of the Sacred College of Cardinals

categories: Diplomats of the Holy See,1980 deaths,Economic history of the Holy See,Italian cardinals,Apostolic Nuncios to the United States,Cardinals created by Pope Paul VI,Pontifical Lateran University alumni,1906 births,Participants in the Second Vatican Council

paragraph: Egidio Vagnozzi

paragraph: Egidio Vagnozzi (26 February 1906 – 26 December 1980) was an Italian Cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as the second president of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See from 1968 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1967.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Egidio Vagnozzi was born in Rome to Francesco and Pasqua (née Jachetti) Vagnozzi, and studied at the Minor Seminary, Pontifical Roman Seminary, and Pontifical Lateran University (from where he obtained doctorates in philosophy, theology, and canon law). Ordained a priest by Cardinal Rafael Merry del Val on 22 December 1928, Vagnozzi, at age 22, required a dispensation to be ordained, not having yet reached the canonical age. He then finished his studies in 1930.

paragraph: In 1930, he also became a staff member of the Secretariat of State in the Roman Curia, and was raised to the rank of Privy Chamberlain of His Holiness on 1 May 1932. Before becoming counselor of the Portuguese nunciature in 1942, he was a staff member of the apostolic delegation to the United States in 1932. Vagnozzi was counselor of the French nunciature from 1945 to 1947, and became a Domestic Prelate of His Holiness on 23 December 1945. He was an official of the delegation for the establishment of diplomatic relations with India for a year until becoming chargé d'affaires of the Holy See's mission to the Indian government in New Delhi from June to August 1948.

paragraph: On 9 March 1949, Vagnozzi was appointed Nuncio to the Philippines and Titular Archbishop of Myra. He received his episcopal consecration on the following 22 May from Cardinal Adeodato Giovanni Piazza, OCD, with Archbishops Francesco Borgongini Duca and Roberto Ronca serving as co-consecrators. On 9 April 1951 – following the establishment of diplomatic relations between the Holy See and the Philippines government, he was appointed as first Apostolic Nuncio to the Philippines. Vagnozzi was later named Apostolic Delegate to the United States on 16 December 1958, and attended the Second Vatican Council from 1962 to 1965.

paragraph: Pope Paul VI created him Cardinal-Deacon of "S. Giuseppe in via Trionfale" in the consistory of 26 June 1967, and President of the Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See on 13 January 1968. After ten years' standing as a Cardinal-Deacon, Vagnozzi exercised his right to become a Cardinal-Priest, and his deaconry was elevated "pro hac vice" on 5 March 1973. He was one of the cardinal electors who participated in the conclaves of August and October 1978, which selected Popes John Paul I and John Paul II respectively. He was also Chamberlain of the College of Cardinals from 30 June 1979 until his death.

paragraph: Vagnozzi died in Rome, at age 74. After a funeral Mass presided by John Paul II in the Lateran Basilica, he was buried in the Campo Verano. His remains were later transferred to his cardinalitial church in March 1983.

paragraph: Section::::Criticism.

paragraph: As the Vatican in modern times came under the criticism of the liberal press for reactionary policies, so was Vagnozzi accused in a 1967 press article for using his influence at the Vatican so as to permit only conservative US priests to become Bishops: "His influence is thought to be heavily responsible for the conservative cast of those bishops appointed (in the United States) in recent years".

paragraph: In addition, Vagnozzi opposed the Marian apparition of Our Lady Mediatrix of All Graces, rejecting its Marian visionary Teresita Castillo, along with six other Filipino local bishops who declared it "Non-Supernatural" in 1956. On 11 December 2015, the Vatican confirmed "the definitive nature of the 11 April 1951 decree by which the phenomena of Lipa were declared to lack supernatural origin."

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic-Hierarchy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church

paragraph: BULLET::::- Letter of Pope John-Paul II to Cardinal Vagnozzi on the 5Oth anniversary of his priestly ordination

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1966 interview with Vagnozzi on liturgical reforms

description: Catholic cardinal

wikidata_label: Egidio Vagnozzi

wikipedia_title: Egidio Vagnozzi