text:
Aurora, Ohio
motocross
Indy Lights
AMA
Skip Barber Racing School
Road Atlanta
Franklin Futrelle
SCCA
Formula Enterprises
Sebring International Raceway
Road Atlanta
Virginia International Raceway
Comprent Motorsports
June Sprints
Scott Rettich
SCCA National Championship Runoffs
Daytona International Speedway
Formula Atlantic
Swift
Historic Sportscar Racing
Atlantic Championship
K-Hill Motorsports
ChampCar
Tõnis Kasemets
Palm Beach
SVRA
Mid-Ohio
Dallara
Indy Lights
Indy Lights
Andretti Autosport
Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course
Official website

categories: Racing drivers from Ohio,People from Aurora, Ohio,Indy Lights drivers,1998 births,Atlantic Championship drivers,SCCA National Championship Runoffs winners

paragraph: Ryan Norman

paragraph: Ryan Norman (born March 19, 1998 in Aurora, Ohio) is an American racing driver. Norman is a former motocross driver currently competing in the Indy Lights Series.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Norman started in motocross when he obtained an AMA at the age of twelve. When turning sixteen Norman's father invited Ryan for a three-day course at the Skip Barber Racing School. Norman joined the SKip Barber Winter Series for the first two rounds of the championship. In November 2015 the Ohio native finished seventh in his debut race, at Road Atlanta.

paragraph: With driving coach Franklin Futrelle Norman joined the SCCA Formula Enterprises class in 2015. In his debut season Norman won the second race at Sebring International Raceway in the U.S. Majors Tour Southeastern Conference. After winning more races at Road Atlanta and Virginia International Raceway securing the second place in the championship. Comprent Motorsports driver Norman finished second at the prestigious June Sprints, behind multiple class champion Scott Rettich. Norman again finished second to Rettich at the prestigious SCCA National Championship Runoffs at Daytona International Speedway. At the end of the season Norman made his debut in a Formula Atlantic Swift 016.a. racing in the Historic Sportscar Racing organisation. At Sebring, the racing driver won his class.

paragraph: For the 2016 season Norman stepped up to the Atlantic Championship joining K-Hill Motorsports coached by former ChampCar driver Tõnis Kasemets. Norman won both exhibition events at Palm Beach and Sebring.

paragraph: Norman raced with the SVRA organisation at selected events. At Mid-Ohio Norman made his debut in a 2007 Dallara Indy Lights racing car winning the race.

paragraph: For 2017 Norman stepped up to the Indy Lights Championship driving for Andretti Autosport. After driving with the team in 2017, 2018 and 2019, Norman had his first IndyCar test with Andretti at Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course on June 25, 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Complete motorsports results.:American Open-Wheel racing results.:Indy Lights.

paragraph: * Season still in progress

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website

wikidata_label: Ryan Norman

wikipedia_title: Ryan Norman


text:
2016 Summer Olympics
Rio de Janeiro
men's double sculls
aggravated robbery
home invasion
Kaluđerica
RSD
€

categories: Rowers at the 2016 Summer Olympics,Olympic rowers of Serbia,1995 births,Living people,Serbian male rowers

paragraph: Andrija Šljukić

paragraph: Andrija Šljukić (; born 8 September 1995) is a Serbian rower.

paragraph: He competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, in the men's double sculls.

paragraph: Section::::Controversy.

paragraph: Šljukić was apprehended by Serbian police on 23 May 2019 over his suspected participation in an aggravated robbery that took place on 17 April 2019 when two men committed a home invasion in the Belgrade suburb of Kaluđerica, breaking into a property occupied at the time by a seventy-nine-year-old woman and her forty-year-old daughter, forcefully incapacitating them, and stealing RSD20,000 (~€170) and €105 in cash as well as a mobile telephone and documents. Upon searching his residence, an unlicensed gun was found for which the police filed a criminal investigation request against Šljukić.

paragraph: He was released from custody two days later following a police questioning during which he denied taking part in the robbery though admitting that the car the robbers used is registered in his name. In addition to being released, Šljukić got a restriction on his movement outside of city of Belgrade while the other suspect, thirty-year-old Nikola Drašković, got detained further.

description: Serbian rower

wikidata_label: Andrija Šljukić

wikipedia_title: Andrija Šljukić


text:
Moldavia
spătar
Botoșani
Bukovina
Grigore Alexandru Ghica
"ad-hoc" divan
Moldavian Revolution of 1848
unionist
Costache Negri

categories: Romanian translators,19th-century deaths from tuberculosis,Romanian nobility,People of the Revolutions of 1848,1817 births,1858 deaths,Romanian travel writers,Romanian revolutionaries,Romanian judges

paragraph: Dimitrie Ralet

paragraph: Dimitrie Ralet (1817–October 25, 1858) was a Moldavian prose writer, playwright and poet.

paragraph: His parents were Alexandru Ralet, a "spătar" of Botoșani, and Maria, the daughter of baron Teodor Mustață, a wealthy merchant from Bukovina. He reportedly studied in Poland, and his first published work, the short volume of translations "Plăcerea sâmțirei", appeared in 1837. In 1841, he became president of the Botoșani tribunal, but soon abandoned a career for which he did not have a calling. He was director of the Justice Department under Grigore Alexandru Ghica in 1849, Minister of Religious Affairs and Education in 1854 and secretary of the "ad-hoc" divan in 1857. A prominent supporter of the Moldavian Revolution of 1848, he joined the unionist committee in 1856. He died in Botoșani, of tuberculosis.

paragraph: Ralet was a talented dilettante who wrote an enjoyable prose in which the sharpness of his observations is made more powerful by the moralist's indulgent irony: "Suvenire și impresii de călătorie în România, Bulgaria, Constantinopole" (1858). This was the only book he wrote: although deeply cultured, he was reticent with other people and frightened of exposing himself to the public. The work covers a journey he took between July 1855 and March 1856; he and Costache Negri were sent on what turned out to be a successful diplomatic mission to Constantinople. By the time a new edition appeared in 1979, it had been largely forgotten.

wikidata_label: Dimitrie Ralet

wikipedia_title: Dimitrie Ralet


text:
2016 Summer Olympics
Michael Hixon
Tempe, Arizona
Marcos de Niza High School
University of Miami
mechanical engineering
NCAA SWimming and Diving Championships
Kristian Ipsen
3m synchro
Jack Laugher
Chris Mears
Qin Kai
Cao Yuan

categories: American male divers,Olympic divers of the United States,Medalists at the 2016 Summer Olympics,Olympic silver medalists for the United States in diving,Divers at the 2016 Summer Olympics,1991 births,Living people

paragraph: Sam Dorman

paragraph: Sam Dorman (born August 30, 1991) is a retired American diver. He represented his country at the 2016 Summer Olympics where he, along with his diving partner Michael Hixon, won a silver medal in the 3 metre springboard synchro event. Dorman attended the University of Miami.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Sam Dorman was born to Marla and Paul Dorman on and grew up in Tempe, Arizona. He has a brother living in Australia who plays for Collingwood Football Club in the Australian Football League in Australia. He attended Marcos de Niza High School in Tempe, and then went to University of Miami where he majored in mechanical engineering.

paragraph: Dorman began learning to dive when he was eight, and started to compete in diving competition when he was nine.

paragraph: Section::::Diving career.

paragraph: Dorman won three gold medals, on the 1- and 3-meter springboard events and the 3-meter synchro with Zac Nees, at the AT&T National Diving Championships in Iowa City in 2013. In 2015, he won the 3-meter individual springboard at the NCAA SWimming and Diving Championships with a diving record of 529.10 point.

paragraph: Dorman partnered for a time with Kristian Ipsen in 2015 and early 2016, but teamed up with Michael Hixon after team changes in March 2016. Dorman and Hixon won the U.S. trials in their first competition together.

paragraph: At the Rio Olympics, in their first international meet as diving partners, Dorman and Hixon won the silver medal in the 3m synchro with a score of 450.21, behind Jack Laugher and Chris Mears of Great Britain (454.32) but in front of the Chinese pair Qin Kai and Cao Yuan (443.70).

wikidata_label: Sam Dorman

wikipedia_title: Sam Dorman


text:
Parthian
glory
Parthian Empire
Babylon
Mithridates I
Mithridates I
Media
Karen
Nahavand
Karen
Antiochus VII Sidetes
Seleucid Empire
Babylonia
Mesopotamia
Iran
Ecbatana
Euphrates
Demetrius II Nicator
Saka
Tokhari
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
Himeros
Babylon
Antiochus VII Sidetes
king of kings
Arsaces I
Mithridates I
Babylon
diadem
Justin

categories: 127 BC deaths,Parthian kings,Year of birth unknown,2nd-century BC rulers in Asia,Monarchs killed in action

paragraph: Phraates II

paragraph: Phraates II (Parthian: "Frahāt", literally; the one with [regal] glory) was king of the Parthian Empire from 132 BC to 127 BC. He is mostly known for his attempt to reconquer Babylon. He was the son of Mithridates I (171–132 BC). Because he was still very young when he came to the throne, his mother Rinnu initially ruled on his behalf.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: Phraates II was born in ; he was the son of Mithridates I, the fifth Parthian king, and a noblewoman named Rinnu, who was the daughter of a Median magnate. According to Assar, Rinnu's father may have been the leader of the Karen clan in Nahavand. This is, however, unlikely, as the Karenids were descendants of the Arsacid prince Karen, who lived a century after Phraates.

paragraph: Section::::War with the Seleucids.

paragraph: In 130 BC the Parthian empire was attacked from the west. Antiochus VII Sidetes (138–129 BC), ruler of the Seleucid Empire, attacked in the west to reconquer territory lost earlier. After three battles he reclaimed Babylonia. After this he offered a peace, by which he would regain Mesopotamia and large parts of Iran. The Parthian realm would be restricted to its core territories and would pay a heavy tribute. Phraates II could not accept these high demands, so he refused the offer. In the following winter (129 BC), Antiochus VII quartered himself and his army in Ecbatana, where he completely alienated the local people by forcing them to pay for the upkeep of his soldiers and because, it seems, the soldiers assaulted the locals. Thus, when Phraates II attacked the Seleucid army in its winter quarters, the local population supported him. Antiochus VII was defeated and killed or committed suicide, ending Seleucid rule east of the Euphrates.

paragraph: Phraates II succeeded in capturing Seleucus and Laodice, two of his children who had accompanied their father on campaign. Phraates II later married Laodice and showed Seleucus (not to be confused with his cousin Seleucus V) great favour. He allowed Antiochus VII a royal funeral and later returned the body to Syria in a silver coffin along with Seleucus. Phraates II also released Demetrius II Nicator, who had been held by the Parthians as a hostage for several years, to become king of the Seleucid realm for a second time.

paragraph: Section::::War in the East and death.

paragraph: Syria, which was now all that was left of the Seleucid empire, lacked military power and Phraates II apparently planned to invade it. However, on the eastern front, various nomadic tribes already infiltrating and usurping the Saka and Tokhari destroyed the Greco-Bactrian Kingdom, penetrated to the borders of the realm in 129 BC, and threatened the Parthian kingdom. The king had to rush to the eastern front, installing Himeros as governor of Babylon, who quickly became a tyrant. Phraates II marched east, his army including a large force of captured Seleucid soldiers from the army of the late Antiochus VII Sidetes. These soldiers ultimately refused to fight for the Parthian king, and he was defeated and killed in battle.

paragraph: Section::::Coinage and Imperial ideology.

paragraph: Phraates refrained from using the title of "king of kings" in his coinage, and instead used the title of "great king". Like the rest of the Parthian kings, he used the title of "Arsaces" on his coinage, which was the name of the first Parthian ruler Arsaces I (), which had become a royal honorific among the Parthian monarchs out of admiration for his achievements. Furthermore, he also used the title of "Philhellene" ("friend of the Greeks"), which had been introduced during the reign of his father Mithridates I () as a political act in order to establish friendly relations with their Greek subjects. A unusual title attested during the reign of Phraates was the title of "king of the lands" (attested in Babylonian cuneiform tablets as "šar mātāti"), which was usually used by the Seleucid monarchs. Like his father, Phraates is wearing a Hellenistic diadem, whilst his beard represents the traditional Iranian/Near Eastern custom.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Ancient works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Justin, Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Modern works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- .

wikidata_label: Phraates II of Parthia

wikipedia_title: Phraates II


text:
Orodes II
Parthian Empire
Pacorus I
Mark Antony
Armenia
Media Atropatene
Artavasdes
Artavasdes
Media Atropatene
Octavian
Media Atropatene
Artaxias
Tiridates II
Scythians
Syria
Augustus
Marcus Licinius Crassus
Battle of Carrhae
Tiridates III
Thea Muse
Phraates V
Junianus Justinus
Flavius Josephus

categories: 1st-century BC Iranian monarchs,People of the Roman–Parthian Wars,Parthian kings,1st-century BC births,2 BC deaths,1st-century BC Iranian people,Murdered Persian monarchs

paragraph: Phraates IV

paragraph: Phraates IV (son of Orodes II), ruled the Parthian Empire from 37–2 BC. He was appointed successor to the throne in 37 BC, after the death of his brother Pacorus I. He soon murdered his father and all his thirty brothers.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Phraates was attacked in 36 BC by the Roman general Mark Antony, who marched through Armenia into Media Atropatene, and was defeated and lost the greater part of his army. Antony, believing himself betrayed by Artavasdes, king of Armenia, invaded his kingdom in 34 BC, took him prisoner, and concluded a treaty with another Artavasdes, king of Media Atropatene.

paragraph: But when the war with Octavian broke out, Antony could not maintain his conquests; Phraates recovered Media Atropatene and drove Artaxias, the son of Artavasdes, back into Armenia. But by his many cruelties Phraates had roused the indignation of his subjects, who raised Tiridates II to the throne in 32 BC. Phraates was restored by the Scythians, and Tiridates fled into Syria.

paragraph: The Romans hoped that Augustus would avenge the defeat of the Roman general Marcus Licinius Crassus on the Parthians, but in 20 BC he contented himself with a treaty, by which Phraates gave back the prisoners from the recent fighting and the captured battle standards from the Battle of Carrhae; the kingdom of Armenia also was recognized as a Roman dependency. Soon afterwards Phraates, whose greatest enemies were his own family, sent five of his sons as hostages to Augustus, thus acknowledging his dependence on Rome (the hostages included Tiridates III, whom the Romans later tried to install as a vassal king in AD 35). This plan he adopted on the advice of an Italian woman, a gift of Caesar, "Thea Muse" whom he made his favored wife; her son Phraates V, commonly called Phraataces (a diminutive form), he appointed successor. About 2 BC he was murdered by Musa and her son.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Junianus Justinus, "Historiarum Philippicarum", xlii

paragraph: BULLET::::- Flavius Josephus, "Jewish Antiquities", 18.39-52

description: King of Parthia

wikidata_label: Phraates IV of Parthia

wikipedia_title: Phraates IV


text:
Parthian
Persian
Parthian Empire
Amard
Elburz range
Caspian Sea
Mithridates I
Phriapatius
Amard
Elburz range
Caspian Sea
Māzandarān
Astarabad
Amard
Seleucids
Seleucus IV
Seleucus IV Philopator
Antiochus III's
great war against Rome
Seleucids
Treaty of Apamea
Amard
Arsacid
Seleucids
Amard
Caspian Gates
Media
Assyria
Media Rhagiana
Elburz range
Great Salt Desert
Iranian plateau
Caspian Gates
Qazwin
Rhages
Seleucid
Gates
Amard
Charax
Uewanikif
Mithridates
kingdom
Phraates II
Haron
List of Parthian kings
Phraates
Junianus Justinus
Isidore of Seville

categories: 165 BC deaths,2nd-century BC rulers in Asia,Parthian kings,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Phraates I

paragraph: Phraates I of Parthia (Parthian:𐭐𐭓𐭇𐭕 (Frahāt), Persian:فرهاد (Farhâd)) was ruler of the Parthian Empire from c. 176–171 BC. He subdued the Amardians (lat. Amardis), mountaineers occupying the eastern portion of the Elburz range, south of the Caspian Sea. He died relatively young, and appointed as his successor not one of his sons, but his brother Mithridates I (165–132 BC).

paragraph: The exact date of his ascension is the subject of some confusion. He may have succeeded his father Phriapatius (185–170 BC) on the throne. However, recent evidence from Nisa suggests that a great-grandson of Arsaces I reigned briefly after Priapatius' death in 170. In this reconstruction, this previously unknown "Arsaces IV" reigned ca. 170-168 BC and was then succeeded by Phraates I (which would make Phraates "Arsaces V").

paragraph: Section::::Military campaigns.

paragraph: Section::::Military campaigns.:Campaign against Amardians.

paragraph: At the beginning of his reign, Phraates I invaded the territory inhabited by the Amardians, a poor but warlike people, who appear to have occupied the eastern portion of the Elburz range, south of the Caspian Sea, what is probably today immediately south of Māzandarān and Astarabad. The reduction of these fierce mountaineers is likely to have occupied him for some years, since their country was exceedingly strong and difficult.

paragraph: Although, at that time, the Amardi were nominally subjects of the Seleucids, we don't see any mention of assistance being rendered to them, nor even any complaint being sent by Seleucus IV against unprovoked Parthian aggression.

paragraph: An explanation for this passivity of Seleucus IV Philopator, who was characterized as weak and pacific, might be war exhaustion in Syria in this period, a consequence of his father Antiochus III's great war against Rome (192–188 BC) and the heavy contribution which was imposed upon the Seleucids by the Treaty of Apamea. Syria might scarcely have recovered sufficient military strength to enter upon a new struggle, especially with a remote and powerful enemy. Seleucus IV also may have thought that the material interests of the Seleucid Empire were only marginally affected by Parthian aggression, since the Amardi were too poor to provide much tribute, so Syria considered their subjection rather a formality than a fact. Therefore, he allowed reduction of the Amardians, probably conceiving that their transfer under Arsacid dominance would neither increase Parthian power nor diminish his own.

paragraph: Section::::Military campaigns.:Campaign in Media Rhagiana.

paragraph: As Phraates faced no resistance from the Seleucids when he conquered the Amardians, he resolved to append additional adjacent territory to his kingdom. This was the tract lying immediately to the West of the Caspian Gates, which was traditionally assigned to Media (Assyria), forming a distinct district known as Media Rhagiana. It was naturally a very fertile region, being watered by numerous mountain streams originating in Elburz range, and possessing a soil of remarkable productiveness. Its breadth was not great, since it consisted of a mere strip between the mountains and the Great Salt Desert which occupies the whole centre of the Iranian plateau, but it extended in length at least a hundred and fifty miles, from the Caspian Gates to the vicinity of Qazwin. Since remote antiquity its capital city was Rhages, situated near the eastern extremity of the strip, probably at the spot now called Kaleh Erij, about twenty-three miles from the Gates. A full conquest is doubtful, but at a minimum he established lodgment in its eastern extremity, which put the whole region in jeopardy.

paragraph: Parthian aggression was checked as long as Rhages remained in Seleucid possession, and Rhagiana, the rest of Media, and the other provinces were safe. Conversely, the loss of it to Parthia would lose the rest of Rhagiana, which hadn't any other natural protection, as well as the adjacent eastern provinces. After Phraates surmounted the Gates and established a foothold in the plains beyond them, he resettled a portion of the Amardians from their mountain homes into the city of Charax, west of the Gates, probably on the site now occupied by the ruins known as "Uewanikif". This stronghold threatened neighboring Rhages, which could scarcely endure against enemy encamped at its doors.

paragraph: We are not informed, however, of any results which followed on the occupation of Charax during the lifetime of Phraates. As his reign was a short one, it is probable that he died before there was time for his second important conquest to have any further consequences.

paragraph: Section::::Successor.

paragraph: Phraates had sufficient warning of his coming demise to make preparations with respect to a successor. Though he had several sons, some of whom were (we must suppose) of sufficient age to have ascended the throne, he left his crown to his brother, Mithridates. He probably believed that his kingdom required the leadership of a firm ruler who could repel either Syrian or Bactrian aggression at any time; in addition, he also trusted Mithridates better than any of his sons to conduct aggressive expeditions with combined vigor and forethought, should Parthia pursue the path of conquest which it entered upon during his reign.

paragraph: It also appears that Phraates bore special affection toward Mithridates, since he used the name of “Philadelphus” (transl. brother-loving) upon his coins.

paragraph: Phraates I’s nephew Phraates II was initially passed over for succession presumably because of his immaturity, which wasn’t suitable, as the country was struggling with famine. Later, however, Mithridates would appoint Phraates II as his successor. The appointment was nevertheless in accordance with Mithridates I’s vision of a king that would strengthen the empire. Particularly strong was his desire to conquer Media and the rest of the Haron fortress.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Parthian kings

paragraph: BULLET::::- Phraates

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Junianus Justinus, "Historiarum Philippicarum", xli, 5

paragraph: BULLET::::- Isidore of Seville, "Chronica", 7

paragraph: Attribution

description: Parthian king

wikidata_label: Phraates I of Parthia

wikipedia_title: Phraates I


text:
glory
Parthian Empire
Phraates IV of Parthia
Musa of Parthia
Rome
Armenia
Media
Augustus
Gaius Caesar
Orodes III of Parthia
Phraates
Josephus

categories: 1st-century BC Iranian monarchs,1st-century monarchs in the Middle East,Parthian kings,1st-century Iranian people,1st-century BC Iranian people

paragraph: Phraates V

paragraph: Phraates V (Persian: "Farhād," Parthian "Frahāt", literally: the one with [regal] glory) known by the diminutive Phraataces (, from Persian "Farhādak" and Parthian "Frahātak," literally: Little Phraates), ruled the Parthian Empire from 2 BC to AD 4. He was the younger son of Phraates IV of Parthia (37–2 BC) and Musa of Parthia, with whom he is associated on his coins. Under Phraates V a war threatened to break out with Rome about the supremacy in Armenia and Media. But when Augustus (27 BC – AD 14) sent his adopted son Gaius Caesar into the east in order to invade Iran, the Parthians preferred to conclude a treaty (AD 1), by which once again Armenia was recognized as in the Roman sphere. Soon afterwards Phraates V and his mother were slain by the Parthians, sometime around AD 4. Josephus alleges that Phraates V married his mother Musa, and, this being unacceptable to the Parthians, they rose up and overthrew him, offering the crown to Orodes III of Parthia (who ruled briefly in AD 6).

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Phraates

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Josephus, "Antiquities of the Jews", xviii, 2.

wikidata_label: Phraates V of Parthia

wikipedia_title: Phraates V


text:
Parthian Empire
Phraates V
Josephus
Vonones I
Artabanus III
Josephus

categories: 1st-century monarchs in the Middle East,AD 6 deaths,Parthian kings,Year of birth unknown,1st-century murdered monarchs,Murdered Persian monarchs

paragraph: Orodes III of Parthia

paragraph: Orodes III () was raised to the throne of the Parthian Empire around AD 4 by the magnates after the death of Phraates V (reigned c. 2 BC – AD 4). He was killed after a short reign "on account of his extreme cruelty" (Josephus). After his death, Phraates V's brother Vonones I (reigned c. AD 8–12) tried to assume the throne, but a civil war with Artabanus III (reigned c. AD 10–38) followed.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Josephus, "Antiquities of the Jews", xviii.

wikidata_label: Orodes III of Parthia

wikipedia_title: Orodes III of Parthia


text:
Parthian Empire
Phraates III
Mithridates
Greek
Kingdom of Commagene
Laodice
Antiochus I Theos of Commagene
Isias
Commagene
Media
Syria
Surena
Seleucia on the Tigris
Roman
general
triumvir
Marcus Licinius Crassus
Battle of Carrhae
Armenia
Artavasdes
Tigranes the Great
Euphrates
Roman consul
Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus
satrap
Roman Republican civil wars
Pompey
Brutus
Quintus Labienus
Asia Minor
Judea
Barzapharnes
Hyrcanus II
Antigonus
Achaemenid Empire
Ventidius
Ventidius
Phraates IV
Plutarch
Greek
Bacchae
Euripides
Plutarch
Dio Cassius

categories: 1st-century BC Iranian monarchs,30s BC deaths,People of the Roman–Parthian Wars,Parthian kings,Year of birth unknown,1st-century BC Iranian people,Murdered Persian monarchs

paragraph: Orodes II

paragraph: Orodes II of Parthia (), (also called Hyrodes Anaridius) was the king of the Parthian Empire from 57 BC to 37 BC. Orodes was a son of Phraates III, whom he murdered in 57 BC, assisted by his brother Mithridates. He married a Greek Princess from the Kingdom of Commagene, called Laodice who was a daughter of King Antiochus I Theos of Commagene and Queen Isias Philostorgos of Commagene.

paragraph: Section::::Struggle for supremacy.

paragraph: Orodes' brother Mithridates was made king of Media; but, soon afterwards, Mithridates was disposed by Orodes and forced to flee to Syria. Mithridates then returned to invade Parthia, restoring his reign as king briefly in 55 BC. However, king Mithridates was besieged by Orodes' general, Surena, in Seleucia on the Tigris: after a prolonged resistance, Mithridates was captured and slain.

paragraph: Section::::First war against the Romans.

paragraph: Meanwhile, the Roman general and triumvir Marcus Licinius Crassus had made an attempt to extend his share of Roman territory by eastward conquest, and in the event had been decisively defeated and killed in 53 BC, in the Battle of Carrhae, along with his son and with the loss of most of his army, by Orodes' general Surena. Orodes himself had invaded Armenia and forced King Artavasdes, the son of Tigranes the Great to submit and abandon his alliance with the Romans. The victory at Carrhae secured for the Parthians the countries east of the Euphrates. Then, the next year they invaded Syria, but with little success, for Surena, whose achievements had made him too dangerous, was killed by Orodes.

paragraph: Section::::Parthian dynastic war.

paragraph: Some time later, the Roman consul Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus was appointed the governor of Syria, and tried to incite the Parthians against each other; he had a close friendship with a Parthian satrap who harbored a grudge against Orodes II. So, he had the satrap crown the young Pacorus as rival-king of the Parthian Empire and campaign against Orodes. Even coins with the portrait of Pacorus were briefly minted. However, Orodes II and his son reconciled to each other and mintage of these coins stopped. The Parthian satrap who was behind the plot was probably shortly executed.

paragraph: Section::::Second war against the Romans.

paragraph: During the Roman Republican civil wars the Parthians sided first with Pompey and then with Brutus and Cassius, but took no action until 40 BC, when Pacorus, assisted by the Roman deserter Quintus Labienus, conquered a great part of Syria and Asia Minor. In Judea, the Parthian commander Barzapharnes deposed king Hyrcanus II and appointed the latter's nephew Antigonus as king in his place.

paragraph: During this period, the Parthians restored their territory to nearly the limits of the old Achaemenid Empire and controlled all of Asia Minor except for a few cities, but the Parthian successes were not long-lasting. In 39 BC, a Roman counterattack under Ventidius in Asia Minor defeated Labienus, who was subsequently captured and executed. Orodes' son Pacorus was himself later killed by Ventidius in 38 BC. Orodes, who was deeply afflicted by the death of his gallant son, appointed his son Phraates IV successor, but was soon afterwards killed by him. Plutarch relates that Orodes understood Greek very well. After the death of Crassus the "Bacchae" of Euripides was presented at Artavasdes' court, with the head of Crassus himself allegedly being used as an accessory for a scene actually including a severed head, on the order of the king.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Plutarch, Dio Cassius

wikidata_label: Orodes II of Parthia

wikipedia_title: Orodes II


text:
Persian
Parthian Empire
Phraates III
Orodes
Aulus Gabinius
Ptolemy XII Auletes
Seleucia
Surena
Junianus Justinus
Dio Cassius

categories: 1st-century BC Iranian monarchs,54 BC deaths,Executed monarchs,Parthian kings,Year of birth unknown,1st-century BC Iranian people

paragraph: Mithridates IV of Parthia

paragraph: Mithridates IV (Persian: مهرداد سوم) ruled the Parthian Empire c. 57–54 BC. Mithridates was a son of Phraates III, whom he murdered in 57 BC, with the assistance of his brother Orodes. Orodes became king of Parthia and made Mithridates king of Media, a Parthian client state.

paragraph: On account of his cruelty, Orodes turned on his brother and deposed him. Mithridates was forced to flee from Media to Roman Syria. He took refuge with Aulus Gabinius, the Roman proconsul and governor of Syria. Mithridates then returned to invade Parthia with Gabinius in support. The Roman proconsul marched with Mithridates to the Euphrates, but turned back to restore another ruler, Ptolemy XII Auletes of Egypt, to his throne. Despite losing his Roman support, Mithridates advanced into Mesopotamia and managed to conquer Babylonia. He ousted Orodes and briefly restored his reign as king in 55 BC, minting coins in Seleucia until 54 BC.

paragraph: However, king Mithridates was besieged by Orodes' general, Surena, in Seleucia, and after a prolonged resistance, offered battle to Orodes' forces and was defeated. Mithridates was taken prisoner and executed in 54 BC by Orodes.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Junianus Justinus, "Historiarum Philippicarum", xlii

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dio Cassius

wikipedia_title: Mithridates IV of Parthia


text:
Italian
economist
Milan
Pavia
Vienna
Leipzig
political economy
Stanley Jevons

categories: 1896 deaths,Italian economists,1831 births

paragraph: Luigi Cossa

paragraph: Luigi Cossa (May 27, 1831 – May 10, 1896), Italian economist, was born in Milan.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Educated at the universities of Pavia, Vienna and Leipzig, he was appointed professor of political economy at Pavia in 1858.

paragraph: Apart from this Cossa was the author of several other works which established him a high reputation.

paragraph: Section::::Major works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Scienza delle Finanze" (1875, English translation 1888: "Taxation, its Principles and Methods")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Guida allo studio dell economia politica" (1876, English translation 1880: "Guide to the Study of Political Economy", with an introduction by Stanley Jevons), a compendium of the theoretical preliminaries of economics, with a brief critical history of the science and an extensive bibliography

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Introduzione allo studio deli economia politica" (1876, English translation by L Dyer, 1893: "An Introduction to the Study of Political Economy")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Saggi di economia politica", 1878.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- M. Blaug (ed.) - "Who's who in economics" (3d edition), 1999.

description: Italian economist

wikidata_label: Luigi Cossa

wikipedia_title: Luigi Cossa


text: Buffalo, New York

text: Laval, Quebec

text: American

text: ice hockey

text: goaltender

text: Hamburg Freezers

text: Deutsche Eishockey Liga

text: National Hockey League

text: Colorado Avalanche

text: Calgary Flames

text: Phoenix Coyotes

text: Boston Bruins

text: minor ice hockey

text: Laval, Quebec

text: 1998 NHL Entry Draft

text: backup goaltender

text: David Aebischer

text: Phoenix Coyotes

text: Steven Reinprecht

text: Brian Boucher

text: Mike Leclerc

text: Boston Bruins

text: Tyler Redenbach

text: American Hockey League

text: 2007–08 season

text: Iowa Stars

text: DEL

text: Hamburg Freezers

text: Sugar Jim Henry

text: The Rocket

text: Maurice Richard

text: Roy Dupuis

text: Bob Sauvé

text: Jean-Francois Sauve

text: Maxime Sauvé

text: Notable families in the NHL

categories: 1980 births,American ice hockey goaltenders,Ice hockey people from Quebec,Colorado Avalanche players,Colorado Avalanche draft picks,Drummondville Voltigeurs players,Boston Bruins players,Iowa Stars players,People from Joliette,Hamilton Bulldogs (AHL) players,Calgary Flames players,Phoenix Coyotes players,American people of French-Canadian descent,Ice hockey people from New York (state),Living people,Providence Bruins players,Hamburg Freezers players,Mississippi Sea Wolves players,Sportspeople from Buffalo, New York,San Antonio Rampage players,Hershey Bears players,Canadian ice hockey goaltenders,Rimouski Océanic players,Hull Olympiques players

paragraph: Philippe Sauvé

paragraph: Philippe Sauvé (born February 27, 1980 in Buffalo, New York and raised in Laval, Quebec) is an American former professional ice hockey goaltender who last played with the Hamburg Freezers of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga. Sauvé played in the National Hockey League for the Colorado Avalanche, Calgary Flames, Phoenix Coyotes and the Boston Bruins.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.

paragraph: As a youth, Sauvé played in the 1993 and 1994 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournaments with a minor ice hockey team from the Mille-Îles neighbourhood of Laval, Quebec.

paragraph: Sauvé was drafted in round 2, 38th overall, by the Colorado Avalanche in the 1998 NHL Entry Draft, where he would serve as the backup goaltender and play in 17 games for the Avalanche before being traded on August 8, 2005, to the Calgary Flames for a conditional 7th-round draft pick.

paragraph: In the 2005–06 season, after a 7–4 defeat to the Colorado Avalanche, he had a fight with former teammate David Aebischer on January 24, 2006.

paragraph: On February 1, 2006, he was traded to the Phoenix Coyotes with Steven Reinprecht for Brian Boucher and Mike Leclerc. After playing only 5 games with the Coyotes, Sauvé was then traded to the Boston Bruins for Tyler Redenbach on November 14, 2006.

paragraph: Sauvé played just 2 games with the Boston Bruins before being demoted to the American Hockey League (AHL). The following year for the 2007–08 season, he signed a contract with the Iowa Stars of the AHL before leaving for the DEL's Hamburg Freezers on January 21, 2008.

paragraph: He portrayed Boston Bruins goaltender Sugar Jim Henry in the 2005 Quebec film "The Rocket (Maurice Richard)" based on the life on Maurice Richard. The famous handshake photo of Richard and Henry was recreated in the film with Sauvé as Henry and Roy Dupuis as Richard.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: He is the son of former NHL goaltender Bob Sauvé. He is also the nephew of Jean-Francois Sauve than the cousin of Jean-Francois' son, Maxime Sauvé.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Notable families in the NHL

description: American ice hockey goaltender

wikidata_label: Philippe Sauvé

wikipedia_title: Philippe Sauvé


text:
NASCAR
NASCAR Winston Cup Rookie of the Year
Talladega Superspeedway
Harry Ranier
Ettrick, Virginia
Richmond International Raceway
Junie Donlavey
Darrell Waltrip
Talladega Superspeedway
Pond Interview with John Sealy
Heritage Chevrolet, Chester, Virginia

categories: 1940 births,NASCAR drivers,People from Ettrick, Virginia,20th-century American racing drivers,2016 deaths

paragraph: Lennie Pond

paragraph: Lennie Wayne Pond (August 11, 1940 – February 10, 2016) was an American NASCAR driver. He won NASCAR Winston Cup Rookie of the Year honors in 1973, and won his only race at Talladega Superspeedway in 1978 for Ronnie Elder and Harry Ranier. Pond set a then world record speed of in winning the caution free 500-mile race.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Lennie W. Pond grew up in the Village of Ettrick, Virginia racing on his parents' farm, which Ettrick was home to Pond all his life. In the mid-1950s. Pond started racing modifieds on dirt tracks, then went to asphalt tracks, then to late-model tracks. In 1973, Pond started to run Winston Cup races; his last race with Winston Cup was in 1989 at Richmond International Raceway for Junie Donlavey. Pond got to run all three tracks here—dirt, asphalt and the new track.

paragraph: His career totals include 234 career starts, one win, 39 top fives, 88 top tens, five poles, and a best championship finish of 5th in 1976. He beat out Darrell Waltrip for rookie of the year honors in 1973. Five years later, Pond won his first career race at Talladega Superspeedway. Before retiring Pond raced his last race on September 10, 1989 at Richmond International Raceway in the Miller High Life 400 where he finished in 11th place.

paragraph: Pond later became a car salesman at Heritage Chevrolet in Chester, Virginia.

paragraph: Pond died February 10, 2016 from complications of cancer.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pond Interview with John Sealy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Heritage Chevrolet, Chester, Virginia

description: American NASCAR driver

wikidata_label: Lennie Pond

wikipedia_title: Lennie Pond


text:
baritone
opera
Giuseppe Verdi
verismo
Venice
Antonio Cotogni
Teatro Adriano
Lucia di Lammermoor
La Scala
Milan
Arturo Toscanini
New York
Metropolitan Opera
La Traviata
Lyric Opera of Chicago
Nabucco
Simon Boccanegra
Rossini
Guglielmo Tell
Mascagni
Guglielmo Ratcliff
Puccini
Tosca
Leoncavallo
Pagliacci
Giordano
Andrea Chénier
Wagner
Parsifal
Wagner
Lohengrin
Gianni Schicchi
Il tabarro
Montemezzi
L'amore dei tre re
Boito
Nerone
Isabeau
Buenos Aires

categories: 1884 births,Italian operatic baritones,20th-century opera singers,1961 deaths

paragraph: Carlo Galeffi

paragraph: Carlo Galeffi (4 June 1884 – 22 September 1961) was a leading Italian baritone, particularly associated with the operatic works of Giuseppe Verdi and the various verismo composers.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Galeffi was born in Malamocco (Venice). As a youth, he studied with Di Como and Sbriscia, later with Antonio Cotogni. According to "The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Opera", he made his professional debut in 1904, aged 21, at Rome's Teatro Adriano, as Enrico in "Lucia di Lammermoor". Galeffi sang throughout Italy before reaching Italy's premier opera house, La Scala, Milan, in 1912. He would remain at La Scala until 1938, becoming a favorite of the conductor Arturo Toscanini.

paragraph: Galeffi made his American debut in Boston in 1910. He sang at the New York Metropolitan Opera only once, on November 29 of that same year, as Verdi's Germont père in "La Traviata". Galeffi sang, too, at the Lyric Opera of Chicago from 1919 to 1921, and also appeared in South America on a number of occasions.

paragraph: The bulk of Galeffi's career, however, took place in Italy, especially at La Scala, where he was much acclaimed for his performances of Verdi roles that ranged from Nabucco, through Renato, Di Luna, Amonasro and Simon Boccanegra, to Iago. Other parts that he sang included Tell in Rossini's "Guglielmo Tell", Douglas in Mascagni's "Guglielmo Ratcliff", Scarpia in Puccini's "Tosca", Tonio in Leoncavallo's "Pagliacci", Gerard in Giordano's "Andrea Chénier", Amfortas in Wagner's "Parsifal" and Telramund in Wagner's "Lohengrin".

paragraph: At the Costanzi theatre in Rome in 1919, Galeffi gave Europe's first performances of the roles of Gianni Schicchi in "Gianni Schicchi" and Michele in "Il tabarro", both composed by Puccini. He also created Manfredo in Montemezzi's "L'amore dei tre re" and Fanuel in Boito's "Nerone" (at La Scala in 1913 and 1924 respectively), and Raimondo in Mascagni's "Isabeau" (at Buenos Aires in 1911).

paragraph: Galeffi possessed a beautiful voice supported by an excellent technique. He is considered to have been one of the finest operatic baritones active during the period between the outbreak of World War I and the onset of World War II. He made many acoustic and electrical recordings, some of which are available on CD re-issues. He died, aged 79, in Rome.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- D. Hamilton (ed.),"The Metropolitan Opera Encyclopedia: A Complete Guide to the World of Opera" (Simon and Schuster, New York 1987).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roland Mancini and Jean-Jacques Rouveroux, (orig. H. Rosenthal and J. Warrack, French edition), "Guide de l'opéra", Les indispensables de la musique (Fayard, 1995).

paragraph: BULLET::::- James Anderson, "The Complete Dictionary of Opera and Operetta"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harold Rosenthal and John Warrack, "The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Opera", Second Edition (Oxford University Press, London, 1980). .

description: Italian opera singer

wikidata_label: Carlo Galeffi

wikipedia_title: Carlo Galeffi


text:
Bridport
Liverpool Institute for Performing Arts
Erased Tapes
Ólafur Arnalds
Whelm
Erased Tapes
Nils Frahm
Erased Tapes
Seven Hours EP Review
Seven Hours EP Review
Seven Hours EP Review
EP track Lungful premiere
Official website
Biography at Erased Tapes

categories: English male singer-songwriters,LGBT singers,English singer-songwriters,LGBT musicians from England,People from South West England,LGBT songwriters,Living people

paragraph: Douglas Dare

paragraph: Douglas Dare (born 6 June 1990) is a London-based singer-songwriter from Bridport, South West England.

paragraph: Douglas is the son of a piano teacher and he studied music at The Liverpool Institute for Performing Arts. He is openly gay and has a drag persona under the name of Visa Reasons. Douglas released his debut EP, "Seven Hours" on Erased Tapes in 2013 and toured Europe with label mate Ólafur Arnalds. He released his debut album "Whelm" May 12, 2014 on Erased Tapes and supported label mate Nils Frahm on his North American Tour. In October 2016 he released his second full-length "Aforger" on Erased Tapes.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Douglas Dare Seven Hours EP Review by Drowned In Sound

paragraph: BULLET::::- Douglas Dare Seven Hours EP Review by The Line of Best Fit

paragraph: BULLET::::- Douglas Dare Seven Hours EP Review by Bearded Magazine

paragraph: BULLET::::- Douglas Dare EP track Lungful premiere on Mary Anne Hobbs BBC6 Music Show

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Douglas Dare Official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Douglas Dare Biography at Erased Tapes

description: singer-songwriter

wikidata_label: Douglas Dare

wikipedia_title: Douglas Dare


text:
bishop of Blois
the Sublime Porte
Ecole des Chartes
Jura
curate
Saint-Séverin
Left Bank
vicar general
"Catholic Hierarchy" page

categories: Bishops of Blois,École Nationale des Chartes alumni,21st-century Roman Catholic bishops,French archivists,1939 births,Living people

paragraph: Maurice de Germiny

paragraph: Maurice de Germiny (born 23 November 1939) has been the bishop of Blois since 1997. He hails from a French aristocratic family. One of his ancestors was a French ambassador to the Sublime Porte in the sixteenth century.

paragraph: He qualified as an archivist at the Ecole des Chartes in Paris, and became responsible for the departmental archives of the Jura. He subsequently trained for the ministry and became curate of Saint-Séverin, a Left Bank parish of Paris. He was later named vicar general of Paris.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Catholic Hierarchy" page

description: Catholic bishop

wikidata_label: Maurice de Germiny

wikipedia_title: Maurice de Germiny


text:
Czech
Austrian
Skraup reaction
quinoline
Technical University of Prague
Heinrich Ludwig Buff
china
Vienna
Adolf Lieben
University of Gießen
University of Vienna
University of Graz

categories: Austrian chemists,1850 births,Czech chemists,1910 deaths

paragraph: Zdenko Hans Skraup

paragraph: Zdenko Hans Skraup (March 3, 1850 – September 10, 1910) was a Czech-Austrian chemist who discovered the Skraup reaction, the first quinoline synthesis.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Skraup was born in Prague, where he attended the Oberrealschule from 1860 till 1866 and subsequently studied (1866–1871) at the Technical University of Prague. After being assistant of Heinrich Ludwig Buff for less than a year he worked at a china factory but changed to the mint in Vienna in 1873.

paragraph: He became assistant of Rochleder in 1873, although a promotion in his old job was granted. Rochleder died the following year, but Skraup stayed with his successors Franz Schneider and Adolf Lieben.

paragraph: He received his Ph.D. from the University of Gießen March 17, 1875. He finished his habilitation at the University of Vienna in 1879, but because his degree was from a German university he had to wait until 1881 till he became professor at the Vienna Trade Academie.

paragraph: In 1886, he changed to the University of Graz and to the University of Vienna in 1906.

description: Czech chemist

wikidata_label: Zdenko Hans Skraup

wikipedia_title: Zdenko Hans Skraup


text:
Emperor Shōmu
Shoku Nihongi
Fujiwara no Nakamaro
sangi
Nagate
kugyō
chūnagon
Tang dynasty
Balhae
Empress Kōken
udaijin
Nanke
Fujiwara no Michinaga
Fujiwara no Yorimichi
Man'yōshū
Ōtomo no Yakamochi
Fujiwara no Fusasaki
Fujiwara no Uchimaro

categories: Fujiwara clan,715 births,766 deaths,People of Nara-period Japan

paragraph: Fujiwara no Matate

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Emperor Shōmu recognized Yatsuka's abilities, and through his favor Yatsuka was rapidly promoted. He was raised in the year 740 from the rank of to and then , in 743 to , and in 744 to . Shōmu specially entrusted him with duties related to the transmission of reports to and requests from the emperor. According to the Shoku Nihongi, Yatsuka was respected as exceptionally intelligent, incurring the jealousy of his cousin Fujiwara no Nakamaro. He is then said to have secluded himself in his home for a time, with his books for company. In 748 he was promoted to "sangi", beating his one-year-older brother Nagate to the ranks of the "kugyō".

paragraph: In 756, shortly after the death of Emperor Shōmu, Nagate was promoted directly to "chūnagon", overtaking Yatsuka. In 758, he supported Nakamaro's renaming of various government offices in the Chinese style of the Tang dynasty, and in 760 Yatsuka himself was granted the Tang-style name of Matate. He was steadily promoted to in 760 and to "chūnagon" in 762. Also in this period, he held a farewell feast for of the fourth envoy expedition from Balhae to the court, which the latter greatly appreciated.

paragraph: In Nakamaro's rebellion of 764, Matate supported the winning side of Empress Kōken, and was promoted to and and granted honors, second-class. In 766, Matate was promoted to "dainagon", replacing Nagate, who had been promoted to "udaijin". Two months later, though, Matate died at the age of 52. He was given the burial of a , and posthumously promoted to "daijō-daijin".

paragraph: In Matate's day, the ruling power was Nakamaro, putting the Nanke in the predominant position. Moreover, Matate's older brother and head of house Nagate held a position at the "daijin" level. In the late Nara period, an equality between the clans was considered ideal, and for important positions to be held by father–son or sibling pairs still incurred criticism. For Matate too to be promoted as far as "dainagon" implies that this due in large part to his own ability. In later years, Matate's descendants included Fujiwara no Michinaga and Fujiwara no Yorimichi, who led the Fujiwara to the peak of their power.

paragraph: Matate was a magnanimous man, with a talent for assisting emperors in their governance as a politician. Eight of his works are recorded in the Man'yōshū, including seven "tanka" and one "sedoka". Notes in the same work suggest Matate had a personal friendship with Ōtomo no Yakamochi.

paragraph: Section::::Genealogy.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Father: Fujiwara no Fusasaki (藤原房前, 681-737)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mother: Muro no Ōkimi (牟漏女王, ?-746), daughter of Prince Minu (美努王).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wife: daughter of Sami no Natemaro (佐味奈氐麻呂)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Son: Fujiwara no Managa (藤原真永)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Son: Fujiwara no Nagatsugu (藤原永継)

paragraph: BULLET::::- daughter of Abe no Obimaro (阿倍帯麻呂)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 3rd son: Fujiwara no Uchimaro (藤原内麻呂, 756-812)

description: Japanese noble

wikidata_label: Fujiwara no Matate

wikipedia_title: Fujiwara no Matate


text:
Canaan
14th Dynasty of Egypt
Avaris
Second Intermediate Period
Hyksos
15th Dynasty
16th Dynasty
West Semitic
bald
royal seal
Jericho
Canaan
Kim Ryholt
Darrell Baker
Thomas Schneider
Jürgen von Beckerath
16th dynasty
James Peter Allen
15th dynasty

categories: 18th-century BC Pharaohs,Pharaohs of the Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt

paragraph: Qareh

paragraph: Qareh Khawoserre was possibly the third king of the Canaanite 14th Dynasty of Egypt, who reigned over the eastern Nile Delta from Avaris during the Second Intermediate Period. His reign is believed to have lasted about 10 years, from 1770 BC until 1760 BC or later, around 1710 BC. Alternatively, Qareh could have been a later vassal of the Hyksos kings of the 15th Dynasty and would then be classified as a king of the 16th Dynasty.

paragraph: Qareh's name is West Semitic and means ""The bald one"". His existence is only attested by thirty royal seals inscribed with his name, only one of which has a known provenance: Jericho in Canaan. Qareh's name was earlier misread as "Qar", "Qur", and "Qal".

paragraph: The Egyptologist Kim Ryholt equates Qareh with the prenomen "Khawoserre", which is also only attested through scarab seals. Qareh's chronological position is uncertain, with Ryholt and Darrell Baker placing him as the third king of the 14th dynasty based on the style of his seals. On the other hand, Thomas Schneider and Jürgen von Beckerath see him as a ruler of the 16th dynasty. Alternatively, James Peter Allen proposes that he was an Hyksos ruler of the early 15th dynasty

description: Egyptian king

wikidata_label: Qareh

wikipedia_title: Qareh


text:
full name
Ghaznavid Empire
Abd al-Rashid
ghulam
Sultan Mahmud
Abd al-Rashid
Muslim
Zoroastrian
Alp Arslan
Hupyan
Kirghiz
Mas'ud I

categories: Ghaznavid rulers,Turkic rulers,11th-century rulers in Asia

paragraph: Toghrul of Ghazna

paragraph: Toghrul of Ghazna (full name: "Qiwam ad-Dawlah Abu Said Toghrul"), was a Turkish slave general and usurper of the Ghaznavid throne. He was originally a "ghulam" in the service of the Ghaznavid Empire. Following his usurpation of the Ghaznavid throne from Abd al-Rashid and massacre of eleven Ghaznavid royal princes, he was known as "the accursed", "the inauspicious", "the arrogant" and "the contemptible".

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Toghrul started his service as a ghulam of Sultan Mahmud and by the reign of Abd al-Rashid had risen to commander in chief of the army.

paragraph: In 1042-43, Toghrul invaded Sistan with 2000 troops capturing a Saffarid family member Abu n-Nasr. Abu n-Nasr was taken back to Ghazna and later exchanged for a son of the Ghaznavid vizier, Ahmad b. Hasan Maimandi. However, Toghrul continued onward, occupying Karkuya and massacring both Muslim and Zoroastrian populations indiscriminately.

paragraph: Toghrul led an army against Alp Arslan and won a victory at Hupyan in the Hindu Kush in the winter of 1051. After defeating Alp Arslan, Toghrul marched to Sistan. He besieged the fortress of Taq and held it under siege for a month, defeating a Seljuq relief army, commanded by Payghu, as well.

paragraph: Unable to take Taq, Toghrul marched his army to Ghazna, sending letters to Abd al-Rashid asserting the disloyalty of the army. Rashid, filled with terror of a rebellion, locked himself up in the citadel. Upon his arrival, Toghrul gained the support of the garrison, captured Abd al-Rashid, and had Abd al-Rashid and eleven other Ghaznavid princes executed.

paragraph: With Ghazna under his control, Toghrul sent letters to the "ghulam" general Kirghiz, commander of the Ghaznavid forces in India, seeking his support. Kirghiz responded by condemning Toghrul and his massacre of the Ghaznavid princes. Meanwhile, Toghrul married Mas'ud I's daughter to legitimise his reign and started minting coins in his image. Despite this, Kirghiz sent letters to the garrison and army commanders which motivated a "ghulam" named Nushtigin to murder Toghrul. By the time Kirghiz and his army arrived, Toghrul's head was being paraded around Ghazna.

wikidata_label: Toghrul of Ghazna

wikipedia_title: Toghrul of Ghazna


text: Qing Dynasty

text: China

text: imperial examination

text: Wang Jie

text: Hu Gaowang

text: Book of Rites

text: Yuan Mei

text: Jiang Shiquan

text: Hanlin

text: Qianlong Emperor

text: Richard J. Smith

text: Southern Song Dynasty

text: Jin dynasty

text: Wang Fuzhi

text: Arthur Waldron

text: Chongzhen Emperor

text: Manchu

text: Qin Dynasty

text: Qin Shihuang

text: Great Wall

text: Wan Sitong

text: Li Mengyang

categories: Political office-holders in Guangdong,Qing dynasty historians,Politicians from Changzhou,Qing dynasty poets,Historians from Jiangsu,Poets from Jiangsu,Year of birth uncertain,Writers from Changzhou,1814 deaths,19th-century Chinese historians,Political office-holders in Guangxi,Political office-holders in Guizhou

paragraph: Zhao Yi

paragraph: Zhao Yi (; 1727-1814) was a poet, historian, and critic during the Qing Dynasty in China. Zhao is notable for his innovative poetry, his historical writings (including "Notes on the Twenty-Two Dynastic Histories"), and for espousing unconventional views on various aspects of Chinese dynastic history.

paragraph: Section::::Education.

paragraph: Zhao's early life exemplified the Confucian ideal of upward mobility from destitution through the skillful cultivation and use of intelligence, education, and personal connections. Like many other aspirants to social status in the Qing Empire, Zhao began his studies early in life. Zhao began his education before the age of five, and was recorded to have been a precocious learner. Later, Zhao was further spurred on to achieve educational and career success to ensure the well-being of his family after his father died when Zhao was only 14 years old.

paragraph: In the imperial examination system, Zhao achieved admirable success, despite early setbacks. After apparently failing a local examination fourteen times, Zhao went on to earn his provincial degree in 1750 at the age of 23 on his second attempt, and later earned his metropolitan degree in 1761, placing third overall in his cohort behind Wang Jie and Hu Gaowang. Notably, Zhao specialized in the difficult "Book of Rites" (along with only 6% of his cohort), and incorporated emphasis on practical problems of government.

paragraph: Even as he performed well in the imperial examination system, Zhao was notably defiant in his examination writings. In these writings, Zhao criticized the format and practices of the examination system, taking aim at issues including the imposed formal structure of examination writing as well as the failures of examiners in their duty both to those taking the exams and to the level of scholarly discourse.

paragraph: Section::::Poetry.

paragraph: At least in part because of an aversion to examination writing, Zhao delved into poetry. Zhao eventually became and is still remembered as one of the Three Masters of the Qianlong Period for his poetry (the others being Zhao's friends Yuan Mei and Jiang Shiquan).

paragraph: The originality of Zhao’s ideas on poetry were recognized in his own lifetime, as is attested to in the writings of his friend and fellow poet Yuan Mei who appreciated Zhao’s poetic eccentricities as well as his unorthodox and rich literary influences, and drew a firm distinction between Zhao’s work and that of his contemporaries who imitated Tang and Song poetry.

paragraph: Section::::Notable historical positions.

paragraph: For the compilation of works on the Dzungar campaign like "Strategy for the pacification of the Dzungars" (Pingding Zhunge'er fanglue), the Qing hired Zhao Yi and Jiang Yongzhi at the Military Archives Office, in their capacity as members of the Hanlin. Poems glorifying the Qing conquest and genocide of the Dzungar Mongols were written by Zhao. Zhao Yi wrote the "Yanpu zaji" in "brush-notes" style, where military expenditures of the Qianlong Emperor's reign were recorded.

paragraph: The Qianlong Emperor was praised as being the source of "eighteenth-century peace and prosperity" by Zhao Yi.

paragraph: Zhao supported the view that historians and works of history were of great importance in China. In one instance, he argued that, while the Confucian Classics constituted the principles of Chinese dynastic government, it was works of history that provide the actual record of the government at work that could act as a guide to what historian Richard J. Smith calls, “proper conduct for the present and future.”

paragraph: With regard to another historical position, Zhao was at odds with the still popular and (in modern times) patriotic view that the peace policy of the Southern Song Dynasty toward the Jin dynasty was traitorous, and Zhao instead adopted the minority position he shared with the earlier Chinese scholar Wang Fuzhi that the peace policy saved the Southern Song from further defeat at the hands of the Jin. At least one modern Western scholar has taken a position that aligns with Zhao’s, arguing that the peace policy was “validated by the later history of the Southern Sung.”

paragraph: In another notable instance of an unconventional historical interpretation, Zhao espoused what historian Arthur Waldron terms a “realistic opinion” that the fall of the Ming Dynasty was the fault of the empty words of poorly informed scholars whose opposition to the peace efforts of the Chongzhen Emperor toward the Manchus brought about unnecessary conflict that the Manchus had not intended. This view limits the responsibility of the Manchus for initiating Manchu-Chinese conflict and shifts it to the Chinese elites.

paragraph: In one further notable divergence from many Chinese writers in his era and even more so during the Ming Dynasty, Zhao offered praise for the efforts of the founder of the Qin Dynasty, Qin Shihuang, to secure the northern borders of China with the early Great Wall rather than the criticisms of certain other Chinese writers (such as Wan Sitong and Li Mengyang).

paragraph: Section::::Assessment.

paragraph: Although because of various setbacks, Zhao failed to achieve the political influence which he had ambitions to attain in his lifetime and considered his professional career a failure, Zhao has been recognized as an important figure in Chinese history and historiography through the present day.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cheong, Iona D. Man. "Class of 1761". Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2004.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kaplan, Edward H. "Yueh Fei and the Founding of the Southern Sung." PhD diss., University of Iowa, 1970, as found in: Waldron, Arthur. "The Great Wall of China: From History to Myth". Cambridge: University of Cambridge Press, 1990.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Schmidt, J. D. "Harmony Garden: The Life, Literary Criticism, and Poetry of Yuan Mei (1716-1798)". New York: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Smith, Richard J. "China’s Cultural Heritage: The Qing Dynasty, 1644-1912". Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1983.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Waldron, Arthur. "The Great Wall of China: From History to Myth". Cambridge: University of Cambridge Press, 1990.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Du, Weiyun, "Zhao Yi zhuan". Taipei, 1983.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wang, Jiangsheng. "Zhao Oubei yanjiu". Taipei, 1988.

description: Qing Dynasty poet and historian

wikidata_label: Zhao Yi

wikipedia_title: Zhao Yi


text:
Dutch
Daniël Schellinks
Karel Dujardin
Lambert Doomer
Grand Tour
Arnoud van Halen
Arnold Houbraken
England
France
Italy
Sicily
Malta
Germany
Switzerland
Venice
Padua
Verona
Mantua
Trento
Munich
Palace of the Bavarian Counts
Augsburg
Regensburg
Nuremberg
Hanau
Frankfurt
Worms
Frankenthal
Heidelberg
Speyer
Strasbourg
Breisach
Basel
Zürich
Baden
Bern
Mainz
Cologne
Mülheim
Düsseldorf
Cleves
Nijmegen
Utrecht
Bodleian Library
Atlas Blaeu-Van der Hem
Rijksmuseum
Second Anglo-Dutch War
Getty Museum
Amsterdam Museum
Adriaen van de Velde

wikipedia_title:
Netherlands
Daniël Schellinks
Karel Dujardin
Lambert Doomer
Grand Tour
Arnoud van Halen
Arnold Houbraken
England
France
Italy
Sicily
Malta
Germany
Switzerland
Venice
Padua
Verona
Mantua
Trento
Munich
Nymphenburg Palace
Augsburg
Regensburg
Nuremberg
Hanau
Frankfurt
Worms, Germany
Frankenthal
Heidelberg
Speyer
Strasbourg
Breisach
Basel
Zürich
Baden
Bern
Mainz
Cologne
Mülheim
Düsseldorf
Kleve
Nijmegen
Utrecht
Bodleian Library
Laurens van der Hem
Rijksmuseum
Second Anglo-Dutch War
J. Paul Getty Museum
Amsterdam Museum
Adriaen van de Velde

categories: 1623 births,1678 deaths,Dutch male painters,Dutch Golden Age painters,Dutch landscape painters,Artists from Amsterdam

paragraph: Willem Schellinks

paragraph: Willem Schellinks (1623–1678), was a Dutch painter, draughtsman and etcher of landscapes and marine scenes and also a poet. Willem Schellinks was one of the most widely traveled Dutch artists of his time. He traveled along the Loire and the Seine in 1646, and between 1661 and 1665 he visited England, France, Italy, Malta, Germany and Switzerland, keeping a record of his travels in multiple landscapes and scenic views as well as a journal. Alternative spellings, Schellinger and Schellinx.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Willem Schellinks was born into a family of artists in Amsterdam. He was the son of a surveyor and the brother of Daniël Schellinks (1627–1701), who was active as an amateur artist. Another brother, Jacob, settled in Southampton, Connecticut Colony and took up whaling. After finishing his studies with Karel Dujardin at the age of about twenty, he traveled to France with Lambert Doomer in 1646. After that he undertook another journey in 1661–1665 as the guide of a certain Mr 'Jakob Thierry de Jong', a young gentleman on his Grand Tour.

paragraph: Schellinks compiled his drawings and notes about this last journey in three volumes, that remained unpublished, but which he kept for friends to read. The painter-engraver Arnoud van Halen acquired these volumes and the Dutch artist biographer Arnold Houbraken was granted permission to read through them himself. This trip, which he began on 14 July 1661, included visits to England, France, Italy, Sicily, Malta, Germany and Switzerland. He describes the main sights of the cities he visits. His route home from Italy took him "from Venice to Padua, over Verona, Mantua, Trento, and Munich. In Munich he visited all of the rooms of the newly built Palace of the Bavarian Counts, and he described all of the paintings and statues he saw there. He then continued on to Augsburg, Regensburg, Nuremberg, Hanau, Frankfurt, Worms, Frankenthal, Heidelberg, Speyer, Strasbourg, Breisach, Basel, Zürich, Baden, Bern, Mainz, Cologne, Mülheim, Düsseldorf, Cleves, Nijmegen and Utrecht, where he arrived 23 August 1665."

paragraph: Schellinks' hand-written journal, written some years after his travels 1661–1665 and based on his now lost notes, is preserved in the Royal Library of Copenhagen. A transcription made by Schellinks himself is now in the Bodleian Library. The part of the journal covering his trip in England was published in English. The journal forms an important record of the conditions of travel in the 17th century. While Schellinks does not offer many insights into his views on art or approach to landscape painting, his description of the art collections in the Roman palaces would have filled a gap in the Dutch travel literature of his time. Schellinks may have been commissioned by the Dutch government to make the sketches on his foreign travels, since many of his drawings include strategic points that would have interested the government's intelligence service. Some of them were also used in the compilation of the famous Atlas Blaeu-Van der Hem, published in Amsterdam between 1649 and 1673.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: Willem Schellinks mainly drew and painted Dutch and Italian views, river and harbor scenes, inns or ancient ruins with resting horsemen and hunting parties. He also painted a number of winter scenes. He borrowed liberally from the style of other artists, particularly of the Italianate masters. It is likely that his works are so rare because many of them have been wrongly attributed to other painters. After Schellinks's death, Frederick de Moucheron completed many of his paintings and added figures to them.

paragraph: An important influence on his work was Jan Asselyn. Asselyn was chiefly known as a painter of southern landscapes with ruins, but had in addition developed a new type of winter landscape. Instead of the traditional type of winter landscape, characterized by an addition of planes and crowds of figures, Asselyn painted landscapes in which the compositional elements were limited to a few large motifs and some sparse figures, used only to enliven the scene. His main aim was to give a subtle rendering of the winter atmosphere. These winter landscapes formed an important inspiration for Schellinks' own compositions. The composition (Rijksmuseum) was in fact originally attributed to Asselyn. This winter landscape was inspired by Asselyn's composition in an English private collection. Schellinks reinterpretation exaggerated the pathetic connotations.

paragraph: Schellinks used his earlier drawings of England as the basis for his paintings of the successful 1667 naval raid by the Dutch on the English fleet at Chatham during the Second Anglo-Dutch War. He depicts the moment when the Dutch triumph by showing an English military contingent arriving too late.

paragraph: Schellinks often collaborated with other artists for whom he painted either the landscapes or the figures. For instance, in the (Getty Museum) he painted the figures in the landscape by the hand of Herman Nauwincx. In (Amsterdam Museum), he painted the landscape to which Adriaen van de Velde added the figures and animals.

alias:
Willem Schellinger
Willem Scherinks
Willem Schellinck
Willem Schellings
Willem Schellingen
Willem Schellingx
Willem Schellinks Schellincks
Willem Schellincks
Willem Schellinx
Willem Skellincks
Guilliaume Schillings
Guillaume Schelling
Willh. Schellings
Schillingck
W. Schellinks
W. Schellinkx
Skellencks
G. Schellincks
Scherinks
in the manner of Du Jardin Schellinks
Wilh. Schllings
Guill. Scheilinck
G. Schellink
Skillinks
Guillaume Schellings
Schellincks
Schellings
Schellinger
Guill. Schelling
Schellinck
Schelinx
Schellingx
Schellinks
Schelings
Skellings
W. Schellincks
Schellinx
W. Schellings
Schellinghs
Skellincks
Willem Schellinkx
W. Schellingx
W. Schnellingks
Schillings
Eighe Schillings
Shellincks
Wilh. Schellincks
Schellingen
Schillink
W. Schellingks
Schelinks
Van Schellings
W. Schellinx
Wilh. Schellinks
Wilhelm Schellinks

description: Dutch painter

wikidata_label: Willem Schellinks

wikipedia_title: Willem Schellinks


text:
Turkish
novelist
playwright
Turkish literature
essay
memoir
short stories
Nallıhan
Ankara Province
Presidency Merit Award
Anadolu University
Ohio State University
Turkish Authors – Adalet Ağaoğlu

categories: Turkish former Muslims,People from Nallıhan,Turkish women novelists,Ankara University alumni,Turkish novelists,1929 births,Turkish atheists,Turkish dramatists and playwrights,Living people

paragraph: Adalet Ağaoğlu

paragraph: Adalet Ağaoğlu (née Sümer in 1929) is a Turkish novelist and playwright. She is considered one of the foremost novelists of 20th-century Turkish literature. She has also written essays, memoirs, and short stories.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.:Early life.

paragraph: She was born in Nallıhan, Ankara Province in 1929.

paragraph: As an author, a playwright and a human rights activist, she became one of the most prized novelists of Turkey. Considered to be one of the most important living authors in Turkey a revered intellectual, her tightly constructed prose is a balance between a realistic millieu of Turkey which she knows firsthand and the broader, more humanistic elements of social pressure and gender prejudice. In an unfamiliar urban world, her fictional newcomers to modernity struggle with age-old issues complicated by perplexing political, religious, economic and social forces.

paragraph: She has been rewarded with numerous honors besides the literary awards she won in the fields of novel, short story and drama. For her perception of subtle and overt changes in modern Turkish society and her writing entitled "Modernism and Social Change", Adalet Ağaoğlu received the "Turkish Presidency Merit Award" in 1995. In 1998, Ağaoğlu received "Honorary Ph.D." from Anadolu University followed by the "Ph.D. of Humane Letters" from the Ohio State University.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.:Publishing career.:Theatre and radio drama.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yaşamak – 1955

paragraph: BULLET::::- Evcilik Oyunu – 1964

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sınırlarda Aşk – 1965

paragraph: BULLET::::- Çatıdaki Çatlak – 1965

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tombala – 1967

paragraph: BULLET::::- Çatıdaki Çatlak 1967

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sınırlarda Aşk-Kış-Barış 1970

paragraph: BULLET::::- Üç Oyun: Bir Kahramanın Ölümü, Çıkış, Kozalar 1973

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kendini Yazan Şarkı 1976

paragraph: BULLET::::- Duvar Öyküsü 1992

paragraph: BULLET::::- Çok Uzak-Fazla Yakın 1991

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.:Publishing career.:Novels.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ölmeye Yatmak – 1973

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fikrimin İnce Gülü – 1976

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bir Düğün Gecesi – 1979

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yazsonu – 1980

paragraph: BULLET::::- Üç Beş Kişi – 1984

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hayır... – 1987

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ruh Üşümesi – 1991

paragraph: BULLET::::- Romantik Bir Viyana Yazı – 1993

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Turkish Authors – Adalet Ağaoğlu

description: Turkish novelist

wikidata_label: Adalet Ağaoğlu

wikipedia_title: Adalet Ağaoğlu


text:
Bari
Neapolitan
Italian
Renaissance
Pomponio Nenna
madrigal
motet
Mass
Bari
Apulia
Kingdom of Naples
canon
Santa Nicola
Maestro di Cappella
cathedral in Naples
papal nuncio
Antonio Puteo
Rudolph II
Prague
Jiri Nigrin
Venice
Carlo Gesualdo
Giovan Battista Pace
Giovan Donato Vopa
Pomponio Nenna
RISM A/I
RISM B/I
Harmonia celeste

categories: Italian male classical composers,Renaissance composers,Italian classical composers,1538 births,1603 deaths

paragraph: Stefano Felis

paragraph: Stefano de Maza Gatto also known as Stefano Felis (baptised in Bari on 20 January 1538; 25 September 1603), was a Neapolitan Italian composer of the Renaissance, and the collaborator and probable teacher of composer Pomponio Nenna. He composed madrigals, sacred motets, and choral settings of the Mass.

paragraph: Felis was born in Bari, in the province of Apulia of the Kingdom of Naples, where he became a canon at Santa Nicola. He later became Maestro di Cappella of the cathedral in Naples.

paragraph: He accompanied the papal nuncio, Antonio Puteo, on a journey to the court of Rudolph II in Prague during the 1580s. It was in Prague that his first book of masses was published in 1588 by the printer Jiri Nigrin, and Felis later remarked upon his stay in Prague in the preface to his "Sixth Book of Madrigals", published in Venice in 1591.

paragraph: As an educator, Felis seems to have had a profound effect on the succeeding generation of musicians; Carlo Gesualdo, Giovan Battista Pace, Giovan Donato Vopa, and Pomponio Nenna are counted among his pupils.

paragraph: In Pomponio Nenna's first published collection of madrigals, "Il Primo Libro de madrigali à cinque voci", (c. 1603), there appear several madrigals by Felis. As a teacher, Felis might have allowed the young Nenna to add these works to his pupil's first publication, thereby ensuring its success.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Madrigals.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Harmonia celeste ... nelle quale si contene una scielta dei migliori madrigali che hoggidì si cantino", 1583

paragraph: BULLET::::- Al vostro dolce azuro

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nova beltà somma virtù

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Musica Transalpina", 1588

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sleepe mine onely Jewell. (Sonno scendesti)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thou bring'st her home. (Tu là ritorni)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Di Stefano Felis ... Il Sesto Libro de Madrigali a Cinque voci, 1591"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Caro amoroso neo

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Libro nono di madrigali a cinque voci novamente composti, et dati in luce", 1602

paragraph: BULLET::::- Amarilli, ove sei

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Masses.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Missa super voces musicales la sol fa mi re ut

paragraph: Section::::Sheet music.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Il primo libro de madrigali a sei voci Novamente composto & dato in luce." / Venetia, Gardano, 1579 RISM A/I; F 0211.; RISM B/I; 1579-05. (Contains works by Felis, Ridolfo Romano, G.F. Violanta.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Il quarto libro de madrigali a cinque voci con alcuni a sei, & uno echo a otto nel fine, novamente composti, & dati in luce." / Venetia, Vincenzi & Amadino, 1585. RISM A/I; F 0212.; RISM B/I; 1585-23. (Contains works by Felis, G. de Macque, P. Nenna.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Di Stefano Felis ... Il Sesto Libro de Madrigali a Cinque voci, con alcuni a Sei, et un dialogo a Sette nel fine, etc. Canto. (Alto.) (Tenore.) (Basso.) (Quinto.)". / Venetia : Appresso l'Herede di G. Scotto. Ad istanzia de Scipione Rizzo, 1591. OCLC: 498809433 (This work also contains madrigals by F. di Monte, R. Rodio, S. Dentice and M. Affrem.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Libro nono di madrigali a cinque voci novamente composti, et dati in luce". / Venetia, Vincenti, 1602. RISM A/I; F 0214.; RISM B/I; 1602-05. (Contains works by Felis, G.B. Vannelli.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Harmonia celeste ... nelle quale si contene una scielta dei migliori madrigali che hoggidì si cantino" / Antwerp, 1583.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Liber secundus motectorum quinis senis octonisque vocibus" / Venetijs, Gardanum, 1585. RISM A/I; F 0206; RISM B/I; 1585-02 (Contains works by Felis, C. Gesualdo, R. Rocco)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mottettorum cum quinque vocibus, liber tertius" / Venetiis, Scoti, 1591. RISM A/I; F 0208; RISM B/I; 1591-02 (Contains works by Felis, S. Dentice, P. de Monte)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Liber quartus motectorum, quæ quinis, senis, ac octonis, concinuntur vocibus nunc primum impressus" / Venetiis, Vincentium, 1596. RISM A/I; F 0209; RISM B/I; 1596-04 (Contains works by S. Felis and G.B. Vanelli.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Musica Transalpina. Madrigales translated of foure, five, and sixe parts, chosen out of divers excellent Authors" / Imprinted at London by Thomas East, the assigne of William Byrd, 1588. (Two works of Felis are here, with texts in English and Italian)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stephani Felis regalis ecclesiæ S. Nicolai bariensis canonici liber quartus motectorum quæ quinis, senis, ac octonis, concinuntur vocibus, nunc primum impressus." / Venetiis : Vincentium, 1596. RISM A/I; F 0209; RISM B/I; 1596-04 (Contains works by S. Felis and G.B. Vanelli.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sacrarum symphoniarum continuatio diversorum excellentissimorum authorum quaternis, V. VI. VII. VIII. X. & XII. vocibus tàm vivis, quam instrumentalibus accommodata." / Noribergæ : Kaufmann, 1600. Edition: Octava vox. OCLC: 314296648 (Includes works by several others)

paragraph: Section::::Manuscripts.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Landeskirchliches Archiv in Nürnberg. Manuscript. St. Egidien 53." Choirbook, 1582. (Includes masses by Stuberus, Stephano Felis Barensi, Orlandus, Philippus Schondorff, Phillipe de Monte, and Jachet de Mantua)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "California. San Marino. Huntington Library. MSS EL 25A" (after 1602) (Contains one 5-part madrigal, "Amarilli ove sei")

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hoagland, Bruce D. "A study of selected motets of Stephano Felis: v. 1. Stephano Felis, his life and his music. Analysis of the motets – v. 2. Transcription of the motets : Book II ; Book III ; Book IV." / Thesis (D.M.A.), Conservatory of Music. University of Missouri, Kansas City, 1966.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bux, Nicola. "Fonti per la storia della liturgia", Volume 5 / Edipuglia srl, 1991, pg. 73 ff. ,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lindell, Robert. "Music and patronage at the Court of Rudolf II", in "Music in the German Renaissance: sources, styles, and contexts", edited by John Kmetz / Cambridge University Press, 1994. ,

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harmonia celeste Two madrigals by Stefano Felis on keyboard

description: Italian composer

wikidata_label: Stefano Felis

wikipedia_title: Stefano Felis


text: professional baseball

text: catcher

text: Major League Baseball

text: Arizona Diamondbacks

text: Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim

text: Houston Astros

text: Marist School

text: Stanford University

text: Boston Red Sox

text: 2005 MLB Draft

text: Arizona Diamondbacks

text: 2006 MLB Draft

text: Reno Aces

text: catcher

text: Chris Snyder

text: Houston Astros

text: Wilton Lopez

text: Baltimore Orioles

text: Mark Reynolds

text: Salt Lake Bees

text: MLB.com

text: Stanford Cardinal Baseball bio

categories: Major League Baseball catchers,Stanford Cardinal baseball players,Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim players,Missoula Osprey players,Sportspeople from Atlanta,Salt Lake Bees players,Visalia Oaks players,Arizona Diamondbacks players,Mobile BayBears players,Phoenix Desert Dogs players,Reno Aces players,Baseball players from Georgia (U.S. state),1983 births,Norfolk Tides players,Living people,Gigantes del Cibao players

paragraph: John Hester

paragraph: John Graves Hester (born September 14, 1983) is a former professional baseball catcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Arizona Diamondbacks and the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim. On August 28, 2009 on his major league debut, he hit a two-run homer in his first Major League at-bat in a game against the Houston Astros.

paragraph: Section::::Education career.

paragraph: He attended Marist School in Atlanta before attending Stanford University. Hester graduated from Stanford in the spring of 2006.

paragraph: Section::::Major League Career.

paragraph: Section::::Major League Career.:Arizona Diamondbacks.

paragraph: Hester was selected by the Boston Red Sox in the 34th round of the 2005 MLB Draft but did not sign a professional contract. Later he was selected by the Arizona Diamondbacks in the 13th round (387th overall) of the 2006 MLB Draft.

paragraph: He was called up to the majors on August 28, 2009 from Triple A Reno Aces after catcher Chris Snyder injured his back and was forced to the disabled list. The same night, Hester hit a two-run homer in first career Major League at-bat in the sixth inning of the game against the Houston Astros off Astros Wilton Lopez after a 2-2 delivery from Lopez.

paragraph: Section::::Major League Career.:Baltimore Orioles.

paragraph: Hester was sent to the Baltimore Orioles on April 30, 2011 to complete a previous trade from December 6, 2010 when the ballclub acquired Mark Reynolds.

paragraph: Section::::Major League Career.:Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim.

paragraph: On April 24, 2012, the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim signed Hester and assigned him to the Triple-A Salt Lake Bees, according to MLB.com.

paragraph: After playing 39 games for the Angels in 2012, Hester returned to Salt Lake in 2013. He elected free agency in October 2014.

paragraph: Section::::Major League Career.:Philadelphia Phillies.

paragraph: On October 22 he signed a minor league contract with the Philadelphia Phillies, which includes an invitation to major league spring training. He was released on June 3, 2015.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of players with a home run in first major league at-bat

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stanford Cardinal Baseball bio

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: John Hester

wikipedia_title: John Hester


text: prelate

text: Roman Catholic Church

text: Bishop of Trenton

text: Larne

text: County Antrim

text: New York City

text: Bound Brook, New Jersey

text: farm

text: clerk

text: country store

text: lawyer

text: Saint Vincent College

text: Latrobe, Pennsylvania

text: classical

text: St. Francis Xavier College

text: New York City

text: theology

text: Seton Hall College

text: South Orange

text: New Jersey

text: ordained

text: priesthood

text: Michael Corrigan

text: curate

text: St. Patrick's Cathedral

text: Newark

text: St. Mary's Cathedral

text: Trenton

text: private secretary

text: Michael J. O'Farrell

text: pastor

text: Church of St. Mary, Star of the Sea

text: Long Branch

text: rector

text: Chancellor

text: Vicar General

text: Apostolic Administrator

text: Holy See

text: Bishop of Trenton

text: Pope Leo XIII

text: episcopal

text: consecration

text: Charles Edward McDonnell

text: Bernard John McQuaid

text: co-consecrators

text: churches

text: schools

text: orphanage

text: Hopewell

text: Lawrenceville

text: Plainfield

text: professors

categories: 19th-century Irish people,1917 deaths,Seton Hall University alumni,20th-century Roman Catholic bishops,Roman Catholic Bishops of Trenton,1850 births,People from Bound Brook, New Jersey,19th-century Roman Catholic bishops,People from County Antrim,Irish emigrants to the United States (before 1923)

paragraph: James Augustine McFaul

paragraph: James Augustine McFaul (June 6, 1850 – June 16, 1917) was an Irish-born prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Trenton from 1894 until his death in 1917.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: McFaul was born in Larne, County Antrim, to James and Mary (née Hefferman) McFaul. The family moved to the United States when he was only a few months old, residing in New York City for four years before settling in Bound Brook, New Jersey. He worked on his father's farm and at age fifteen he became a clerk at a country store near Bound Brook. With the intention of becoming a lawyer, he attended Saint Vincent College in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, from 1867 to 1871. He completed his classical studies at St. Francis Xavier College in New York City in 1873, and then studied theology at Seton Hall College in South Orange, New Jersey.

paragraph: McFaul was ordained to the priesthood by Archbishop Michael Corrigan on May 26, 1877. He then served as a curate at St. Patrick's Cathedral in Newark until 1879, when he was transferred to St. Mary's Cathedral in Trenton. He was named private secretary to Bishop Michael J. O'Farrell in 1882, and pastor of the Church of St. Mary, Star of the Sea at Long Branch in 1884. In October 1890, McFaul returned to St. Mary's Cathedral as its rector. Having served as O'Farrell's secretary and Chancellor of the diocese, he was appointed as Vicar General by the bishop on November 1, 1892. Upon O'Farrell's death in April 1894, he was named the Apostolic Administrator of the diocese by the Holy See.

paragraph: On July 20, 1894, McFaul was appointed the second Bishop of Trenton by Pope Leo XIII. He received his episcopal consecration on the following October 18 from Archbishop Corrigan, with Bishops Charles Edward McDonnell and Bernard John McQuaid serving as co-consecrators. During his tenure, he helped erect many churches, schools, and institutions, including an orphanage at Hopewell, a home for the aged at Lawrenceville, and Mount St. Mary's College at Plainfield. He was also one of the key organizers of the American Federation of Catholic Societies. In 1909 he created a controversy when he accused the professors at American colleges and universities of an "upbuilding of a cynicism and intimacy with immoral ideas."

paragraph: McFaul died at his official residence in Trenton on June 16, 1917, aged 67.

description: Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Trenton

wikidata_label: James Augustine McFaul

wikipedia_title: James Augustine McFaul


text:
Walter Liberty Vernon
New South Wales Government Architect
Federation Bungalow
Darlinghurst
Vaucluse
Queen Anne
Caerleon, Bellevue Hill
Arts and Crafts
John Sulman
Register of the National Estate
David Berry Hospital
'auction 1 February 2014'

categories: 1930 deaths,1860 births,English architects

paragraph: Howard Joseland

paragraph: Howard Joseland (1860–1930) was an English architect who migrated to Australia and pursued a successful and influential career there.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Richard George Howard Joseland was born on 14 January 1860 at Claines, Worcestershire, England, the son of a wine merchant. In the early days of his career, he was articled to the Haddon Brothers at Hereford, but moved to London in 1881. There, he obtained a position as assistant to George Robinson in the architectural company George Trollope and Sons. In time, his health suffered as a result of overwork, and he was advised to migrate to a more temperate clime. He went to New Zealand, where he worked on the railways for six months. He then moved to Sydney, Australia, in 1888, where he married Alice Taylor.

paragraph: Section::::Career in Australia.

paragraph: In Sydney, Joseland met Walter Liberty Vernon, another English architect who had migrated to Australia for health reasons. The two architects joined forces and entered a competition to design a model suburb. It was the first of several projects they would work on together. In 1890, Vernon became New South Wales Government Architect, as a result of which he handed his private practice over to Joseland.

paragraph: Joseland had relatively little work during the Depression of the 1890s; to make things even worse, his wife Alice died in 1891. In 1897 Joseland married Blanche Hay. His practice also began to recover with commissions in 1898. In 1903, he took on Hugh Vernon—a son of Walter Vernon—who had been Joseland's pupil. The practice took on a variety of commissions, including commercial buildings, but Joseland's clientele was predominantly well-off people who required comfortable homes. Many of them were moving into the new residential areas in Sydney's north, where suburbs like Wahroonga and Warrawee developed. Joseland is credited with designing something like nineteen homes in these areas. His output included his own home, Malvern, which he built in 1900 in Burns Road, Wahroonga. He designed it in the Federation Bungalow style, featuring a prominent veranda to create shade.

paragraph: From 1914 to 1919, Joseland conducted a solo practice before joining forces with Glynn Gilling, another young English architect who had migrated to Australia. Joseland retired in 1929, selling the business to Gilling, who retained the business name Joseland and Gilling. Joseland was active in various community activities and musical societies, as well as being a keen fisherman and author of the book "Angling in Australia and Elsewhere", which was published in 1921. He also found time to visit England twice with his wife Blanche. He died of cancer in the eastern Sydney suburb of Darlinghurst on 20 July 1930, and was buried at South Head Cemetery in another eastern Sydney suburb, Vaucluse.

paragraph: Section::::Influence.

paragraph: Joseland was one of the earliest architects in Australia to reject the Victorian architectural styles that had developed in England and which had little relevance to the Australian climate. He wrote a magazine article, "Domestic Architecture in Australia" (published in 1890), in which he advocated architectural styles that were suitable for the local climate. Like Walter Liberty Vernon, he favoured the styles of the Federation era (1890-1915) and actually contributed to the development of the Australian version of the Queen Anne style, which ultimately became the most popular residential style in Australia in the first decade of the 20th century. This latter style had arrived in Australia in 1885 with the construction of Caerleon, Bellevue Hill; its influence can be seen strongly in the homes Joseland designed for his clientele, along with the Arts and Crafts style that was also popular.

paragraph: Section::::Sample of Joseland buildings.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Craignairn, Burns Road, Wahroonga. Built for Walter Strang

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eldinhope, Burns Road, Wahroonga. Designed for Florence Hooke circa 1900, became Eldinhope School for Girls in 1901

paragraph: BULLET::::- Malvern, Burns Road. Joseland's own home.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Midhope, Burns Road, Wahroonga. Built 1896 for Sir James Murdoch, then became St Edmund's School for Children with Special Needs

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mount Alverna, Burns Road, Wahroonga. Built circa 1891 for ophthalmic surgeon Dr. Francis Antill Pockley, became Franciscan Order retreat 1950s–1980s

paragraph: BULLET::::- Redleaf, Redleaf Avenue, Wahroonga. Built in 1899 for W.G. Parish in Queen Anne style, considered an important example of Joseland's work. Has Local Government Heritage listing

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rippon Grange, Water Street, Wahroonga. Designed with John Sulman circa 1898 in the Arts and Crafts style, for Frederick Sargood. Joseland and Vernon were commissioned to design the garden of one hectare.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Westholme, Water Street, Wahroonga. Designed in Arts and Crafts style for John Bennett, built 1894.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paterson, Reid and Bruce Building, York Street, Sydney. Impressive commercial building in brick and sandstone, designed with Vernon, listed on Register of the National Estate.

paragraph: BULLET::::- David Berry Hospital

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lynburn Princes Highway Bomaderry. Built 1895 by George Muller for the widow of Henry Morton, manager of the David Berry Estate near Nowra, and Mayor of Numbaa 1868 to 1895. Still lived in by the Morton Family and coming up for 'auction 1 February 2014'

paragraph: BULLET::::- Illowra Princes Highway Bomaderry NSW, Built in 1906 for Mark F Morton. member for Willondilly in the NSW legislative assembly 1901 till 1938

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mananga (believed to have been designed by Joseland),Princes Highway Berry NSW. Built 1894 for the Stuart Family by Hohn Hay who was the manager of Alexander Berrys Coolngatta estate.

description: British-Australian architect

wikidata_label: Howard Joseland

wikipedia_title: Howard Joseland