text: Scalp Level School

text: Barbizon School

text: Naturalist painting

text: Düsseldorf school of painting

text: Alsace, France

text: German

text: Allegheny City

text: Deutschtown

text: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

text: riverboat

text: Pittsburgh

text: Kunstakademie Düsseldorf

text: Chiaroscuro

text: Scalp Level

text: Johnstown, Pennsylvania

text: en plein air

text: National Academy

text: New York City

text: Pennsylvania Academy

text: Centennial Exposition

text: Carnegie International

text: World's Columbian Exposition

text: AskArt: George Hetzel

text: ArtNet: Paintings by Hetzel

text: Bedford Fine Art Gallery: George Hetzel

categories: 1826 births,American male painters,1899 deaths,19th-century American painters,French emigrants to the United States

paragraph: George Hetzel

paragraph: George Hetzel (January 18, 1826 – July 4, 1899) was a French-born American artist. He is regarded as the founder of the Scalp Level School of painting, a contemporary to the French Barbizon School of Naturalist painting. He is associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting.

paragraph: Section::::Life and work.

paragraph: Born in an ethnically mixed part of Alsace, France, on January 17, 1826; Hetzel's family spoke primarily German and emigrated to the United States when he was aged two. They traveled from a Baltimore port to a small farm in Allegheny City (Deutschtown), near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Hetzel attended Allegheny City school and was apprenticed to a local sign- and house-painter. After four years' training, he earned an artisan's apprenticeship, painting the interior murals of riverboat public rooms and local Pittsburgh saloons.

paragraph: George was sent to the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf between 1847–49 and studied Da Vinci's Chiaroscuro (the use of light and dark shadows to heighten depth and drama), which became a signature stroke in his later works.

paragraph: It is thought that Hetzel was first introduced to the bucolic setting of Scalp Level (at the intersection of Paint Creek and Little Paint Creek outside of Johnstown, Pennsylvania) around 1866 during a fishing trip. He was then an instructor at the Pittsburgh School of Design for Women and encouraged his colleagues and students to make Scalp Level their summer retreat and work "en plein air".

paragraph: Hetzel exhibited at the National Academy in New York City between 1865-1882 and at the Pennsylvania Academy until 1891. He was included in the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia and shown in the first Carnegie International in 1896. He also exhibited at the World's Columbian Exposition, 1892-1893. The J. J. Gillespie Gallery sold his works and he kept an independent studio. His career was established before the Scalp Level works, but they are currently foremost in his legacy.

paragraph: Section::::Other Scalp Level artists.

paragraph: Associated Artists include A. F. King, Clarence Johns, E. A. Pool, Charles Linford, Fred Bussman, A. S. Wall, Joseph R. Woodwell, Bryan Wall, George Lang, C. C. Millor, John Wesley Beatty, Horation Stevenson, John A. Hermann Jr., Jeannette Frances Agnew, Anna W. Henderson, Rachael Henderson, Carrie S. Holmes, Annie Christina, Olive Turney, Bessie Wall, Agnes C. Way

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- American Paradise: The World of the Hudson River School, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Hetzel (see index)

paragraph: BULLET::::- AskArt: George Hetzel

paragraph: BULLET::::- Amazon: "George Hetzel and the Scalp Level Tradition" by Paul Chew

paragraph: BULLET::::- ArtNet: Paintings by Hetzel

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bedford Fine Art Gallery: George Hetzel

description: American painter

wikidata_label: George Hetzel

wikipedia_title: George Hetzel


text:
Caracas
Chandler
Caracas Cathedral
Dominican
Baroque
Alexander von Humboldt
Aimé Bonpland
First Venezuelan Republic
José Tomás Boves
Cumaná
Gran Colombia
Carlos Soublette
Corregidor
Alcalde ordinario
Cabildo
José Antonio Páez
Cristóbal Mendoza
Simón Bolívar
José María Vargas
lithograph

categories: 1841 deaths,People from Caracas,Venezuelan painters,1776 births

paragraph: Juan Lovera

paragraph: Juan Lovera (11 July 1776, Caracas - 29 January 1841, Caracas) was a Venezuelan painter, best known for his portraits and historical scenes relating to his country's independence movement.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: His father was the Chandler of Caracas Cathedral and he received his first art lessons at the Dominican convent of San Jacinto. Later, he was apprenticed to Antonio José Landaeta (?-?), one of a family of influential Baroque painters in 18th-Century Caracas. By 1799, he had his own workshop, where two of his first portrait sitters were Alexander von Humboldt and Aimé Bonpland.

paragraph: He fought for the cause of independence, which resulted in his persecution following the collapse of the First Venezuelan Republic in 1812. Two years later, when Caracas was invaded by the army of José Tomás Boves, he fled to Cumaná. Some accounts say he remained there, teaching art, others say he travelled through the West Indies. Either way, after Venezuela became part of Gran Colombia, he returned to Caracas.

paragraph: In 1821, Carlos Soublette offered him the position of Corregidor, which he reluctantly accepted and, one year later, was promoted to Alcalde ordinario. From 1821 to 1823, he also worked on decorating the meeting room of the Cabildo.

paragraph: After 1824, he had a number of notable figures as portrait sitters, including José Antonio Páez, Cristóbal Mendoza, Simón Bolívar and José María Vargas. He was also an associate of General Francisco de Paula Avendaño (1792-1870), who established Venezuela's first lithographic workshop in 1828.

paragraph: His last years were devoted almost entirely to teaching. One of his most prominent students was Pedro Lovera (1826-1914), who was long believed to be his son, but may have been his nephew. He was also a Professor at the drawing academy. The Caracas art society, founded after his death in 1841, was partly inspired as a way of honoring his memory.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carlos F. Duarte, "Juan Lovera, el pintor de los próceres" (painter of heroes), Fundación Pampero, 1985

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Juan Lovera y su tiempo" (expanded from an exhibition catalog), Galería de Arte Nacional (Venezuela), 1981

description: Venezuelian romantic painter

wikidata_label: Juan Lovera

wikipedia_title: Juan Lovera


text: Camarillo, California

text: Arizona State University

text: baritenor

text: iTunes microsite for album "Invisible"

categories: Guitarists from California,American male pianists,1962 births,20th-century male musicians,21st-century American pianists,American male singers,American rock singers,People from Camarillo, California,Rock musicians from Kentucky,Songwriters from Kentucky,People from Hopkinsville, Kentucky,Living people,American male guitarists,20th-century American guitarists,20th-century American drummers,Singers from Kentucky,American male drummers,Countertenors,20th-century American pianists,Songwriters from California

paragraph: David Ray Stephens

paragraph: David Ray Stephens (born January 13, 1962) is an American independent songwriter, recording artist and record producer based in Camarillo, California. A 1984 graduate of the Arizona State University with a Bachelor of Arts in Percussion Performance, Stephens displayed an early prodigy for the drums and piano before branching out to guitar, bass, electronic keyboards and other instruments during high school. Though Stephens is an exceptional vocalist possessing an extended baritenor range; his original recorded efforts in the early 1980s were tapped mainly to help showcase the vocal talents of his then-girlfriend (later first wife) when her singing came to the notice of a California agent.

paragraph: After two albums, the pair later divorced without securing a major-label contract.

paragraph: Stephens then played in several local bands and produced collections of original music, but it is his recent work which is most notable, characterized by a strong MOR rock intuition which includes forays into techno-pop, alternative-grunge and hybrid musical constructions. His 2005 disc "This is What" brings many of these styles together in a cohesive fashion, and his 2010 release "Invisible" resulted in additional notice for his songwriting, vocal prowess, continued musical growth and exceptional musicianship.

paragraph: Stephens' music is currently available for preview and sale on iTunes.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- iTunes microsite for album "This Is What"

paragraph: BULLET::::- iTunes microsite for album "Invisible"

wikipedia_title: David Ray Stephens


text:
Edinburgh Festival
E4
GameFace
Aer Lingus
Camden
Edinburgh Festival
Melbourne Comedy Festival
Russell Howard's Good News
Victoria Wood
Jo Brand
Andi Osho
Isy Suttie
Katy Brand
Russell Howard's Stand Up Central
Live at the Apollo
Jonathan Ross Show
Have I Got News for You
8 Out of 10 Cats Does Countdown
Insert Name Here
A League of Their Own
Would I Lie to You?
Impractical Jokers
Taskmaster
Dave
Man Down
Greg Davies
Ricky Gervais
Netflix
After Life
GameFace
Channel 4
E4

categories: English women comedians,Comedians from London,People from Camden Town,1979 births,English people of Irish descent,Living people

paragraph: Roisin Conaty

paragraph: Roisin Conaty (; born 26 March 1979) is an English-born Irish comedian, writer, and actor. She won the Best Newcomer Award at the Edinburgh Festival in 2010. In 2017, Conaty created the E4 sitcom "GameFace", of which she is the writer, lead actress and executive producer.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Born Roisin Marcella Conaty, Conaty's parents were both from Ireland but met in London, where her father worked for Aer Lingus and her mother was a nurse. Conaty grew up in Camden, north London. She had several retail and office jobs before starting her comedy career at the age of 24.

paragraph: Section::::Life and stand-up.

paragraph: In 2010, Conaty won the Best Newcomer Award at the Edinburgh Festival for her show "Hero, Warrior, Fireman, Liar", becoming one of only five women to receive an Edinburgh Comedy award in 30 years. In April 2011, she performed her show at the Melbourne Comedy Festival.

paragraph: Section::::Television stand-up.

paragraph: In November 2010, she appeared on series 3, episode 4 of "Russell Howard's Good News". Other stand-up performances include "The Angina Monologues", alongside Victoria Wood, Jo Brand, Andi Osho, Isy Suttie and Katy Brand for Sky Television, "Russell Howard's Stand Up Central" on Comedy Central and "Live at the Apollo" in December 2015. In 2016, she was a guest on the "Jonathan Ross Show".

paragraph: Conaty has appeared on a number of panel shows, including "Have I Got News for You", "8 Out of 10 Cats Does Countdown", "Insert Name Here", "A League of Their Own", "Would I Lie to You?" and "Room 101". She starred in the BBC Three version of "Impractical Jokers". She was one of the original cast of comedians in series 1 of "Taskmaster" on Dave.

paragraph: Section::::Acting.

paragraph: Conaty has appeared as "Jo" in the Channel 4 sitcom "Man Down", alongside Greg Davies, since 2013; and in Ricky Gervais' "". In March 2019, she featured in the Netflix comedy series "After Life" as Daphne/Roxy.

paragraph: Section::::Writing.

paragraph: In 2014, she wrote and starred in the pilot of her sitcom "GameFace", in which she plays a struggling actress named Marcella. The pilot aired on Channel 4 in April 2014, following which a full series was commissioned, which premiered on E4 in October 2017.The second series debuted in July 2019 with critical acclaim.

description: English comedian

wikidata_label: Roisin Conaty

wikipedia_title: Roisin Conaty


text:
Swedish
colonel
Livonia
Hämeenlinna
Great Northern War
Ivangorod Fortress
Vyborg
was attacked
Fyodor Apraksin
Czar Peter I
bourgeoisie
Pinsgorod
Major General
Savo

categories: Swedish military personnel of the Great Northern War,18th-century Swedish military personnel,1738 deaths,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Magnus Stiernstråle

paragraph: Magnus Stiernstråle (died 18 December 1738) was a Swedish military colonel, and was most likely from Livonia.

paragraph: Stiernstråle became captain of the Hämeenlinna infantry in 1648. When the Great Northern War erupted in 1700, he was lieutenant colonel and commander of the Ivangorod Fortress, which he had to give up on 16 August 1704. In 1710 he became a colonel in Vyborg and Commandant of the Vyborg Fortress, which was fitted with a garrison of only 4,000. In March it was attacked by a numerically superior Russian force under General Fyodor Apraksin.

paragraph: At first, the Russians, who had not brought any real siege artillery, had little success. Soon, however, when Czar Peter I himself arrived on May 10 with reinforcements and supplies, they gained the upper hand. From this time, they were besieged in a position more and more desperate, and in vain waited for rescue from the Finnish side. Since the city walls to a large extent been destroyed and the crew weakened by disease and suffering, Stiernstråle surrendered on 13 June 1710. Although he was the commander of the defense forces, and much of the bourgeoisie were taken as prisoners to Russia, Stiernstråle was taken to Pinsgorod, from where he first after peace returned in 1721. He was promoted to Major General in 1721, and in 1723 received command of the Savo Regiment.

description: Swedish military officer

wikidata_label: Magnus Stiernstråle

wikipedia_title: Magnus Stiernstråle


text: dharma name

text: Korean Buddhist monk

text: Joseon

text: Im

text: Miryang

text: Gyeongsang Province

text: Jikjisa

text: Hwangaksan

text: Gimcheon

text: gwageo

text: Buddhist monks

text: Pak Saam

text: Heo Hagok

text: Im Baekho

text: Seon order

text: Myohyangsan

text: Hyujeong

text: Bodeoksa

text: Mount Kumgang

text: Palgongsan

text: Cheongnyangsan

text: Taebaeksan

text: Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98)

text: righteous army

text: Pyongyang

text: Uiryeong County

text: Ulsan

text: Suncheon

text: Seonjo of Joseon

text: Tokugawa Ieyasu

text: Haeinsa

text: Pyochung Seowon

text: Miryang

text: Suchungsa

text: Nyongbyon

text: Hyujeong

text: List of Joseon Dynasty people

text: Military history of Korea

text: OCLC 60931394

text: Samyeongdang Memorial Association

text: Empas entry

categories: Foreign relations of the Joseon Dynasty,Zen Buddhist monks and priests,Joseon Dynasty people,Seon Buddhists,Zen Buddhism writers,Pungcheon Im clan,1610 deaths,Korean Zen Buddhists,16th-century Korean people,Year of death unknown,1544 births,Korean Buddhist monks

paragraph: Yujeong

paragraph: Samyeongdang (1544–1610), also known by his dharma name Yujeong, was a Korean Buddhist monk during the Joseon era. He is sometimes identified by his pen name, Song-un. He was born to a family of the Im clan in Miryang, Gyeongsang Province. After the deaths of his mother in 1558 and his father in 1559, he became a monk at Jikjisa on Hwangaksan in Gimcheon.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: In 1561, he passed the "seon-gwa", the specialized gwageo (civil service examinations) for Buddhist monks. He corresponded with various scholars of the time including Pak Saam, Heo Hagok, and Im Baekho. In 1575, he was recommended as head of the Seon order, but refused and instead traveled to Myohyangsan. There he was instructed by preceptor Hyujeong. He went on to pass three years at Bodeoksa on Mount Kumgang, and later traveled through Palgongsan, Cheongnyangsan, and Taebaeksan.

paragraph: With the start of the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98) in 1592, Yujeong joined his teacher Hyujeong's righteous army of monks. After Hyujeong retired due to his age, Yujeong took over the leadership of the army. He led the army into battles at Pyongyang and Uiryeong County in 1592, set up mountain fortresses through Gyeongsang in 1594, and joined in battle again at Ulsan and Suncheon.

paragraph: In 1604, after the end of the war, he traveled to Japan on Seonjo of Joseon's orders to forge a peace accord with Tokugawa Ieyasu, and returned with 3500 Koreans who had been taken prisoner. Yujeong's diplomatic missions established a resilient foundation for a series of major Joseon missions to Japan.

paragraph: After his death in 1610 on Haeinsa, Yujeong was enshrined in the Pyochung Seowon in Miryang and at Suchungsa in Nyongbyon. He continues to be remembered in modern times, with numerous statues and other memorials around Korea. He has been cited together with Hyujeong as an example of a "patriotic-minded" Buddhist by the North Korean Buddhist Federation. Yujeong's writings are preserved in the "Samyeongjip" () and "Bunchungseo Nallok" ().

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Joseon Dynasty people

paragraph: BULLET::::- Military history of Korea

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kang, Jae-eun and Suzanne Lee. (2006). "The Land of Scholars : Two Thousand Years of Korean Confucianism." Paramus, New Jersey: Homa & Sekey Books. ; OCLC 60931394

paragraph: BULLET::::- Walker, Brett L. "Foreign Affairs and Frontiers in Early Modern Japan: A Historiographical Essay," "Early Modern Japan." Fall, 2002, pp. 44–62, 124-128.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Samyeongdang Memorial Association

paragraph: BULLET::::- Empas entry

description: Korean buddhist monk

wikidata_label: Yujeong

wikipedia_title: Yujeong


text: Liverpool

text: Melbourne

text: Victorian gold rush

text: architecture

text: draftsman

text: sabbatical

text: Victoria

text: New South Wales

text: Queensland

text: Western Australia

text: Queensland Colonial Architect

text: Perth

text: Brisbane

text: St Kilda, Melbourne

text: biography

text: Old Treasury Building

text: bluestone

text: Broadmeadows

text: sandstone

text: Melbourne City Baths

text: Edwardian Baroque

text: cupola

text: pediment

text: Queen Victoria Hospital

text: CBD

text: pavilion

text: Lonsdale Street

text: turret

text: Government Printing Office

text: Old Treasury Building

text: The Royal Mint

text: Victorian Titles Office

text: Government House

text: The Customs House

text: The City Baths

text: The Queen Victoria Hospital

text: Melbourne Hospital

text: Aradale Mental Hospital

text: G. W. Vivian

text: Geelong Customs House

text: The Beechworth Mental Hospital

text: Brisbane Treasury Building

text: Townsville Post and Telegraph Office

text: Townsville Hospital

text: Charters Towers Courthouse

text: Mackay Courthouse

text: Brisbane Central Railway Station

text: Maryborough Railway Station

text: Brisbane Masonic Memorial Temple

text: Fremantle Town Hall

text: Auckland Town Hall

text: obituary

categories: Queensland architects,1838 births,New South Wales architects,1915 deaths

paragraph: John James Clark

paragraph: John James Clark (23 January 1838 – 25 June 1915), an Australian architect, was born in Liverpool, England. Clark's 30 years in public service, in combination with 33 in private practice, produced some of Australia's most notable public buildings, as well as at least one prominent building in New Zealand.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: John James Clark, commonly referred to as JJ, was born in Liverpool, England on 23 January 1838 to parents George and Mary Clark. Clark was one of six children. The family relocated from Liverpool to Melbourne, Australia in March 1852, in hopes of capitalising on the Victorian gold rush. Whilst other family members took up employment working in the gold fields, 14-year-old Clark pursued his interest in architecture and was employed as a draftsman for the colonial architect's office. JJ continued in public service until 1878 when he was retrenched in the Black Wednesday dismissals. Clark took a brief sabbatical in 1858 to tour Europe

paragraph: In 1865 Clark married Mary Taylor Watmuff (1844–1871) they remained married until her untimely death at the age of 26 in 1871. The couple had one child, Edward James, in 1868. In 1889 when Edward was 21, Clark took him on a tour of Europe and America, mirroring that of the one Clark took in his own youth.

paragraph: In 1880 Clark set up private practice in central Melbourne. Between 1881 and 1896 Clark relocated several times between Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland and Western Australia in pursuit of commissions and employment. One of Clark's most notable achievements, during this time, was his appointment as Queensland Colonial Architect.

paragraph: In 1896 Clark and his son formed a professional partnership that lasted until his death, and saw them complete works in Perth, Brisbane and Melbourne. Clark died at his residence in St Kilda, Melbourne on 25 June 1915.

paragraph: J J Clark is the subject of a biography published in 2012 by NewSouth books.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Old Treasury Building

paragraph: Old Treasury Building is considered by many as one of the finest examples of Renaissance Revival architecture in Melbourne. Clark began designing this building in 1857 when he was nineteen. Construction began in 1858 using bluestone, sourced from Broadmeadows for its foundations, and sandstone, from Baccus Marsh, for its intricate external facade. The building was completed in 1862. Originally the treasury was designed to hold Victoria's state gold, and also offices major colonial leaders. In 1874 the Treasury offices were relocated, however the building was still used weekly for meetings with the Governor General. In 1992 the building was restored, and from 2005 it was the home of the City Museum.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Melbourne City Baths

paragraph: Designed by Clark and his son Edward James in 1904, the Melbourne City Baths were the result of a winning competition entry to redesign the existing baths.

paragraph: A significant example of the Edwardian Baroque style, the building uses a bold two tone palette of red brick and cream yellow rendered concrete. The highly articulated facade wraps around the corners of the site and displays multiple classical instances of cupolas, archways and triangular pediments that is considered by some as ‘Federation Freestyle’. These motifs also reflected a mesh of architectural styles popular in England and America at that time.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Queen Victoria Women's Hospital

paragraph: Clark's original design for the Queen Victoria Hospital occupied an entire block in Melbourne's CBD. In later years the hospital was relocated and subsequently a significant portion of the building was deconstructed. Currently all that remains of the original design is one of the three pavilions that ran along Lonsdale Street. Designed by Clark whilst in partnership with his son Edward James, the hospital was completed in 1910 in an Edwardian Baroque style. The design worked as a network of pavilions connected by a large central corridor that ran through the site. Raised upon a bluestone base the red brick ‘blood & bandage’ building is ornamented with rendered concrete flanked by cupola topped turrets. The building's remnants are currently occupied by the Queen Victoria Women's Centre.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Further notable works.

paragraph: Victoria, Melbourne

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1856 The Government Printing Office

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1858 The Old Treasury Building

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1860 The Port Melbourne Court House (originally known as Sandridge Police Court)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1871 The Royal Mint

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1874 The Victorian Titles Office

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1874 The Supreme Court

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1874 Government House

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1876 The Customs House

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1903 The City Baths

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1907 Women's Hospital

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1907 Carlton Refuge

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1912 The Queen Victoria Hospital (partially demolished in 1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1912 Melbourne Hospital

paragraph: BULLET::::- - The Port Melbourne Post Office

paragraph: Victoria, Regional

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1864 Aradale Mental Hospital (as assistant of G. W. Vivian)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 The Ballarat National Mutual Building

paragraph: BULLET::::- - The Geelong Customs House

paragraph: BULLET::::- - The Geelong Supreme Court

paragraph: BULLET::::- - The Beechworth Mental Hospital

paragraph: BULLET::::- - The Sale Court House

paragraph: BULLET::::- - The Rutherglen Court House

paragraph: BULLET::::- - The Bright Post Office

paragraph: BULLET::::- - The Castlemaine Post Office

paragraph: BULLET::::- - The Yackandandah Post Office

paragraph: BULLET::::- - The Kilmore Post Office

paragraph: Queensland

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1894 The Brisbane Children's Hospital

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1885 The Brisbane Treasury Building

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1885 Townsville Post and Telegraph Office

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1885 Townsville Hospital

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1885 Charters Towers Courthouse

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1885 Mackay Courthouse

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1885 Kangaroo Point Immigration Centre (Yungaba Immigration Centre)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1895 The Booroodabin Public Baths

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1901 Brisbane Central Railway Station

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1901 an unexecuted design for the Townsville Railway Station

paragraph: BULLET::::- - Gympie Town Hall (first stage)

paragraph: BULLET::::- - Warwick Town Hall

paragraph: BULLET::::- - Maryborough Railway Station

paragraph: BULLET::::- - Brisbane Masonic Memorial Temple

paragraph: New South Wales

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1899 A new scheme for the Newcastle Hospital (of which only the Nurses' Quarters and operating Theatre were built)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1903 The Maitland Hospital

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1862 A unexecuted design for the Sydney Free Public Library

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1881 The Waverley Town Hall (unexecuted)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1882 The Orange Town Hall

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1880 The Wagga Wagga Town Hall (unexecuted)

paragraph: Western Australia

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1897 Perth St Andrew's Presbyterian Church

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1897 Fremantle Town Hall, alterations and extensions

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1898 Perth Royal Children's Hospital (unexecuted)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1898 Vasse Butter Factory

paragraph: New Zealand

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1907 Auckland Town Hall

paragraph: BULLET::::- - A design for the Auckland Supreme Court

paragraph: BULLET::::- - A design for a Christchurch Court House

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: Clark placed in 38 of the 47 competitions he entered throughout his career; of these, 24 were first placements.

paragraph: Clark's obituary stated his partnership with son Edward James Clark, became his most professionally successfully period in respect to competition wins with the firm winning in succession competitions for:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fremantle Town Hall Auditorium Alterations (Fremantle, 1897)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Saint Andrew's Presbyterian Church (Perth, 1897)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Royal Children's Hospital (Perth, 1898)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Newcastle Hospital (Newcastle, 1899)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maitland Hospital (Maitland, 1903)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The City Baths (Melbourne, 1903)

paragraph: Additionally in later years the firm successful campaigned for

paragraph: BULLET::::- National Mutual Building (Ballarat, 1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Women's Hospital (Melbourne, 1907)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carlton Refuge (Melbourne, 1907)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Auckland Town Hall (Auckland, 1907 )

paragraph: BULLET::::- Melbourne Hospital (Melbourne, 1912)

paragraph: His other competition awards were produced from individual work, partnerships and associations with architectural firms.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: Dodd, Andrew (2012): "JJ Clark: Architect of the Australian Renaissance", University of New South Wales Press

description: English-Australian architect

wikidata_label: John James Clark

wikipedia_title: John James Clark


text:
Ali bin Abu Talib
grammarian
Basra
Kufa
diacritics
writing
grammar
"I'jam" (or "naqt")
"tashkil"
Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi
Kitab al-Fihrist
Ibn al-Nadim
Abu ʿUbaydah
al-Zubaydi
Abu ʿUbaydah
Abu Saʿīd al-Sirafi
Qudāmah ibn Maẓ'ūn
Haditha
Clan of Hamdan
Aleppo
Kufa
Tihamah
Khurasan
Abu 'Amr ibn al-'Ala'
Abu Amr al-Shaybani
Al-Asmaʿi
Ibn al-A'rābī
Sibawayh
al-Farrā'
Al-Kisa'i
Hadith
Sufyān ibn 'Uyaynah
Sufyan al-Thawri
al-Awzaʿi
Yahya ibn Ya'mar
Banu Layth
al-Naḍr ibn Shumayl
Wafayat al-Ayan
Ibn Khallikan
Battle of Siffin
Abu Amr Isa ibn Omar ath-Thakafi
al-Khalīl Ibn Aḥmad
Sibawaih
Kitab
'Anbasah ibn Ma'dan
Maymun ibn al-Aqran

categories: 7th-century Arabs,Arab grammarians,Medieval grammarians of Arabic,Grammarians of Basra,Sahabah favored by Shias,603 births,688 deaths

image: 512px-أبو_الأسود_الدؤلي.png

paragraph: Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali

paragraph: Abū al-Aswad Ẓālim ibn ʿAmr ibn Sufyān ibn Jandal ibn Yamar ibn Hīls ibn Nufātha ibn Adi ibn al-Dīl ibn Bakr, surnamed al-Dīlī, or al-Duwalī, or Abū al-Aswad al-Duʾalī (),(ca.-16/603–69/689), was the poet companion of Ali bin Abu Talib and grammarian.

paragraph: When the great expansion of the Islamic Empire, with millions of newly-converted non-native speakers wishing to read and recite the Qurʾan, made the adoption of a formalised grammar system necessary, tradition honors al-Duʾali as the father of Arabic grammar. His science of grammar led in turn, to the establishment of the first great School of grammarians at Basrah, that would be rivalled only by the school at Kufah.

paragraph: Al-Du'alī is said to have introduced the use of diacritics (consonant and vowel markings) to writing, and to have written the earliest treatises on Arabic linguistics, and grammar ("nahw"). He had many students and followers.

paragraph: Section::::Letter-pointing and vowel-pointing.

paragraph: Al-Duʾali is credited with inventing a system of placing large colored dots above certain letters to differentiate consonants (because several groups share the same shape), and indicate short vowels (because the sounds are not otherwise indicated). Consonant differentiation is called "I'jam" (or "naqt"). Vowel indication is called "tashkil". Al-Du'ali's large-dot system addressed both of these, resolving readers' confusion and making clear how to read and write Arabic words.

paragraph: Although effective, the large dots were difficult to use on small-size fonts and on any but a limited selection of scripts. They were also time-consuming to make on any size font or script. Thus, the Umayyad governor al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf al-Thaqafi asked two of al-Duʾali’s students to create and codify a new system that was simpler and more efficient. A new "tashkil" (vocalization) system was developed by Al-Khalil ibn Ahmad al-Farahidi (d. 786). It has been universally used for Arabic script since the early 11th century.

paragraph: Section::::References in Arabic Sources.

paragraph: A chapter on the Grammarians of al-Baṣra in the tenth century book 'Kitab al-Fihrist' by Ibn al-Nadim, contains quotes about al-Duʾalī from several early commentators:

paragraph: This is also the opinion of the language specialist Abu ʿUbaydah (d. 210 AH), and the lexicographer al-Zubaydi (d. 397 AH) said about Abu al-Aswad:

paragraph: Abu ʿUbaydah said:

paragraph: Abu Saʿīd al-Sirafi described how once al-Duʾalī encountered a Persian from Nūbandajān, named Sa'd. Saʿd and a group of fellow Persians had converted to Islam and become protégés of Qudāmah ibn Maẓ'ūn. Al-Duʾalī noticing Saʿd walking leading his horse asked "Oh Sa'd, why don't you ride?" To this Saʿd replied "My horse is strong (ḍāli)", causing some bystanders to laugh. He had meant to say "lame" (ẓāli).

paragraph: Then al-Duʾalī rebuked them, saying:

paragraph: A first-hand account of al-Nadim in his Al-Fihrist supports the view that al-Duʾalī was the first grammarian. He visited a book collector, Muḥammad ibn al-Husayn in the city of Haditha, who had the most marvelous library al-Nadim had ever seen. It contained Arabic books on grammar, philology and literature, and ancient books. He had visited a number of times and found the collector friendly, but wary; fearful of the Clan of Hamdan [of Aleppo]. He was shown a large trunk left Al-Husayn by a Kufan collector of ancient writings. This trunk, filled with parchments, deeds, pages of paper from Egypt, China, Tihamah, 'adam' (sg. 'adim' type of parchment) skins, and paper of Khurasan, seen by Al-Nadim, had bundles of notes on grammar and language written in the hand of scholars like Abu 'Amr ibn al-'Ala', Abu Amr al-Shaybani, Al-Asmaʿi, Ibn al-A'rābī, Sibawayh, al-Farrā', and Al-Kisa'i, as well as the penmanship of authorities of the Hadith, such as Sufyān ibn 'Uyaynah, Sufyan al-Thawri, al-Awzaʿi, and others. Among these I read that grammar came from Abu al-Aswad [al-Duʾalī]. On four leaves, of what looked to be China paper, in the writing of Yahya ibn Ya'mar, of the Banu Layth was written "Remarks about the Subject and Object". Under these notes, written in ancient calligraphy "This is the handwriting of 'Allān the Grammarian", and under this "This is the handwriting of al-Naḍr ibn Shumayl."

paragraph: When the book collector died, the case and its contents were lost, except for the manuscript.

paragraph: The Wafayat al-Ayan (Obituaries of Eminent Men) by Ibn Khallikan contains a similar account with additional information:

paragraph: Great diversity of opinion exists about his name, surname and genealogy. He lived in Basra and was intelligent, sagacious, and one of the most eminent Tābīs (inhabitants of Basra). He fought at the Battle of Siffin under Ali ibn Abi Talib and he invented grammar. Ali laid down the principle of the three parts of speech; the noun, the verb and the particle and told him to write a treatise on it. He was said to be tutor to the children of the governor of Arabian and Persian Iraq, Ziyad ibn Abih.

paragraph: When he noticed that native Arab speech was being influenced by foreigner immigrants he asked Ziād to authorize the composition of a guide for correct use. At first the emir refused but when sometime later overhearing someone say - “tuwaffa abāna wa tarak banūn” (mortuus est patrem nostrum et reliquit filii) - The man should have said abūna, not abāna, and banin, not banān. - Ziād changed his mind.

paragraph: Another anecdote relates how when ad-Du'alī's daughter came to him saying “Baba, ma ahsanu ‘s-samāi?” (what is most beautiful in the sky?) – he answered: “Its stars;” but she replied: “I don't mean what is the most beautiful object in it; I mean how wonderful its beauty.” - to this he remarked “You must then say, "ma ahsan ‘samāa (how beautiful is the sky).” And so he invented the art of grammar. Ad-Du'alī’s son, Abū Harb, relates that the first section of his father's composition (the art of grammar) was on the “verbs of admiration”.

paragraph: Another account says that it was when he heard a man recite a passage from the Qur'an: Anna ‘llahu bariyon mina ‘l-mushrikina wa rasūluhu, pronounce this last word “rasulihi, that he decided to compose his grammar. He called his book the art of grammar ‘nawhu’ (in the same way) i.e. as Alī Ṭālib had done.

paragraph: Several accounts of his proverbial wit survive. One such goes as follows:

paragraph: When due to a problem neighbour, Abū ‘l-Aswad had moved house, someone said “So have you sold your house?” He replied “Rather, I have sold my neighbour.”

paragraph: When ibn al-Harith ibn Kalad ath-Thakafī remarked of a tattered cloak he wore – “not tired of that cloak?” He replied “some tiresome things are impossible to quit.” At this the other sent him 100 cloaks, to which Ad-Du'alī penned this verse:

paragraph: Another verse attributed to him is this:

paragraph: He died at Baṣra of the plague, or possibly of palsy before the outbreak, aged eighty-five years. Others say he died in the khalifate of Omar ibn ‘Abd ‘l-Azīz (717-720).

paragraph: A chapter in Wafayat al-Ayan on another grammarian of Baṣra, Abu Amr Isa ibn Omar ath-Thakafi, reports that al-Khalīl Ibn Aḥmad had heard from Sibawaih, an erstwhile student of ath-Thakafi, that ath-Thakafi had the authored over seventy works on grammar, all but two of which were lost by a collector in Fars. The two titles survived were Ikmāl (completion) that remained then in Fars, and 'al-Jāmī' (the collector), that Sibawaih was in possession of and studying in the course of composing his own treatise, the famous 'Kitab'. Al-Khalīl claim here is that:

paragraph: Section::::His Influence.

paragraph: Among the scholars who studied Abū'l-Aswad were Yahya ibn Ya'mar, 'Anbasah ibn Ma'dan, 'Anbasah al-Fil ('Anbasah of the Elephant); Maymun ibn al-Aqran. Nasr ibn 'Asim was said to have studied with him.

description: Scholar, philologist

wikidata_label: Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali

wikipedia_title: Abu al-Aswad al-Du'ali


text:
Lesotho
heir apparent
Maseru
Letsie III of Lesotho
Queen 'Masenate Mohato Seeiso
Senate
Lerotholi
Basuto
Matsieng
Bernard Mohlalisi
Catholic Church in Lesotho
Likhoele

categories: Heirs apparent,Lesotho royalty,People from Maseru,Lesotho Christians,House of Moshesh,Royal children,2007 births,Living people

paragraph: Prince Lerotholi Seeiso

paragraph: Prince Lerotholi Seeiso (born 18 April 2007) is a member of the Royal Family of Lesotho and the current heir apparent to the throne.

paragraph: Prince Lerotholi Mohato Bereng Seeiso was born at Maseru and is the third child and only son of King Letsie III of Lesotho and Queen 'Masenate Mohato Seeiso. He has two older sisters, the Princesses Senate and 'M'aSeeiso. Prince Lerotholi was named after Lerotholi, the Paramount Chief of Basuto from 1891 to 1905.

paragraph: Prince Lerotholi was christened David in the Saint Louis Church in Matsieng on 2 June 2007 by Archbishop Bernard Mohlalisi, the head of the Catholic Church in Lesotho. The Principal Chief of Likhoele, Lerotholi Seeiso, stood as the Prince's godfather.

description: Lesotho Prince

wikidata_label: Prince Lerotholi Seeiso

wikipedia_title: Prince Lerotholi Seeiso


text: blues

text: John Lee Hooker

text: Detroit

text: All Odds Against Me

text: Callicore

text: Webby Award

text: Kickstarter

text: The 700 Club

text: Official Site of John Lee Hooker Jr.

categories: Living people,American blues singers,1952 births

paragraph: John Lee Hooker Jr.

paragraph: John Lee Hooker Jr. (born 1952) is an American blues musician. He is the son of influential blues singer John Lee Hooker (1912–2001). The younger Hooker's musical style is markedly modernized, featuring contemporary arrangements.

paragraph: Born in Detroit, Hooker was performing live on local radio stations by the time he was 8 years old, and toured with his father as a teenager. He struggled with drugs and alcohol for several years before reviving his career with his debut solo album, "Blues with a Vengeance", in 2004. The album was nominated for a Grammy. A follow-up album, "Cold as Ice", was released in 2006.

paragraph: Hooker's third album, "All Odds Against Me", was released on August 19, 2008. Marking a clear departure from his father's style of music, the album was nominated for a Grammy that year in the Best Traditional Blues CD category. An animated video for the song, "Blues Ain't Nothin' But a Pimp," produced by Paris-based studio Callicore, featured Hooker as a street-hardened character known as "Bluesman." The video was a 2009 Webby Award honoree for special effects.

paragraph: Hooker's 2008 touring band included of George Lacson (Bass), Jeff Horan (Guitar), Mike Rogers (Drums), and Gig Anderson (Keys).

paragraph: John Lee, now an ordained minister is now reaching out to those in prisons (some of which were where he was an inmate during his drug abuse years) and is currently raising funds through his Kickstarter webpage in order to finish his recording and eventual release of his first contemporary soul gospel album using almost the same blues and funk elements he incorporated in his blues releases and concerts.

paragraph: Rev. Hooker also gives a brief video bio of himself leading up to his conversion to Christianity on his Kickstarter page including a full bio.

paragraph: Before becoming a minister and still a blues artist, he was featured in an episode of The 700 Club where he detailed his drug addictions and imprisonments leading up to his conversion to Christianity and sobriety. That video clip can be found on YouTube.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Studio albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blues With A Vengeance" (Kent Music/Kent Entertainment Group, 2004) UPC: 754387801124; reissue: 754387881126

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cold As Ice" (Telarc Records, 2006) UPC: 089408364228

paragraph: BULLET::::- "All Odds Against Me" (Steppin' Stone Records/CC Entertainment, 2008) UPC: 707541901093

paragraph: BULLET::::- "All Hooked Up" (Steppin' Stone Records/CC Entertainment, 2012) UPC: 707541505192

paragraph: BULLET::::- "That's What The Blues Is All About" [with Daddy's Cash] (Sound And More Studios/Hermes Management, 2012) UPC: 7629999015982

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Live albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live In Istanbul, Turkey" (Steppin' Stone Records/CC Entertainment, 2010) UPC: 707541920094

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Site of John Lee Hooker Jr.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Lee Hooker Jr interview at allaboutjazz.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Lee Hooker Jr interview at Absenta Musical

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Lee Hooker Jr interview at Artist Connection Podcast

description: American blues musician

wikidata_label: John Lee Hooker, Jr.

wikipedia_title: John Lee Hooker Jr.


text:
Madrid
Alicante
Spanish
film
actor
Madrid Carnival
Edgar Neville
Whirlwind
A Palace for Sale
Intrigue
Goyescas
Benito Perojo
La famosa Luz María
Fernando Mignoni
House of Cards
El abanderado
Eusebio Fernández Ardavín
El destino se disculpa
José Luis Sáenz de Heredia
Lessons in Good Love
The Road to Babel
Last Stand in the Philippines
Antonio Román
A Toast for Manolete
Florián Rey
The Sunless Street
Just Any Woman
Balarrasa
José Antonio Nieves Conde
Black Sky
Manuel Mur Oti
A Tale of Two Villages
I Want to Marry You
Captain Poison
Spanish Serenade
Persecution in Madrid
Welcome Mr. Marshall!
Luis García Berlanga
From Madrid to Heaven
Rafael Gil
The Devil Plays the Flute
José María Forqué
Plot on the Stage
Such is Madrid
Airport
Doña Francisquita
Once pares de botas
Francisco Rovira Beleta
Congress in Seville
Antonio Román
Recluta con niño
The Lost City
Three are Three
Manolo, guardia urbano
Rafael J. Salvia
Afternoon of the Bulls
The Big Lie
Let's Make the Impossible!
Rafael Gil
College Boarding House
Rafael Gil
Luxury Cabin
Litri and His Shadow
Darling
The Blackmailers
A Nearly Decent Girl
Como dos gotas de agua
Currito of the Cross

categories: 1905 births,Male actors from Madrid,Spanish male film actors,20th-century Spanish male actors,1967 deaths

paragraph: Manolo Morán

paragraph: Manolo Morán (30 December 1905 in Madrid – 27 April 1967 in Alicante) was a Spanish film actor.

paragraph: Section::::Selected filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Madrid Carnival" (1941) by Edgar Neville.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Whirlwind" (1941)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Palace for Sale" (1942)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Intrigue" (1942)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Goyescas" (1942), by Benito Perojo.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La famosa Luz María (1942), by Fernando Mignoni.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "House of Cards" (1943)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "El abanderado" (1943),by Eusebio Fernández Ardavín.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "El destino se disculpa" (1944), by José Luis Sáenz de Heredia.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lessons in Good Love" (1944)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Road to Babel" (1945)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Last Stand in the Philippines" (1945), by Antonio Román.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Toast for Manolete" (1948), by Florián Rey.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Sunless Street" (1948)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Just Any Woman" (1949)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Balarrasa" (1950), de José Antonio Nieves Conde.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Black Sky" (1950). by Manuel Mur Oti.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Tale of Two Villages" (1951)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Want to Marry You" (1951)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Captain Poison" (1951)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Spanish Serenade" (1952)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Persecution in Madrid" (1952)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Welcome Mr. Marshall!" (1952), by Luis García Berlanga

paragraph: BULLET::::- "From Madrid to Heaven" (1952), by Rafael Gil.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Devil Plays the Flute" (1953), by José María Forqué.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Plot on the Stage" (1953)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Such is Madrid" (1953)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Airport" (1953)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Doña Francisquita" (1953)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Once pares de botas" (1952), by Francisco Rovira Beleta

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Congress in Seville" (1955), by Antonio Román.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Recluta con niño" (1955), by Pedro Luis Ramirez

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Lost City" (1955)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Three are Three" (1955)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Manolo, guardia urbano" (1956), by Rafael J. Salvia.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Afternoon of the Bulls" (1956)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Big Lie" (1956)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Let's Make the Impossible!" (1958), by Rafael Gil.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "College Boarding House" (1959), by Rafael Gil.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Luxury Cabin" (1959)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Litri and His Shadow" (1960)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Darling" (1961)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Blackmailers" (1963)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Nearly Decent Girl" (1963)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Como dos gotas de agua" (1963)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Currito of the Cross" (1965)

description: actor

wikidata_label: Manolo Morán

wikipedia_title: Manolo Morán


text:
artist
illustrator
cartoonist
Nova Scotia
normal school
mechanical drafting
Massachusetts College of Art
Académie Colarossi
École des Beaux-Arts
Paris
Honoré Daumier
Forain
Steinlen
freelance
Pearson's Magazine
Scribner's Magazine
Collier's
Harper's Weekly
New York Tribune
World War I
radical
anti-militarist
Metropolitan Magazine
John Reed
Russia
Serbia
Macedonia
Greece
The War in Eastern Europe
socialist
The Masses
Espionage Act
The Liberator
The "New Masses"
Max Eastman
Art Students League
Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center
Bill Tytla
Edmund Duffy
Jacob Burck
Russel Wright
Eric Bransby
Rifka Angel
Esther Shemitz
Whittaker Chambers
New Masses
Rockefeller Center
Department of Justice Building
Kaufmann's
Pittsburgh
Walt Whitman
Leaves of Grass
Dostoyevsky
The Brothers Karamazov
Edgar Lee Masters
Spoon River Anthology
Herman Melville
Moby Dick
Student Resource on Boardman Robinson
Boardman Robinson Internet Archive
Marxists Internet Archive

categories: 20th-century American painters,American alumni of the École des Beaux-Arts,Artists of the American West,American cartoonists,American muralists,1876 births,People acquitted under the Espionage Act of 1917,American male painters,1952 deaths,American socialists,Canadian emigrants to the United States,Académie Colarossi alumni,Artists from Boston,People of the New Deal arts projects,Painters from Massachusetts,Massachusetts College of Art and Design alumni,American illustrators,Art Students League of New York faculty,Artists from Nova Scotia,New York Tribune personnel

paragraph: Boardman Robinson

paragraph: Boardman Robinson (1876–1952) was a Canadian-American artist, illustrator and cartoonist.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early years.

paragraph: Boardman Robinson was born September 6, 1876 in Nova Scotia. He spent his childhood in England and Canada, before moving to Boston in the first half of the 1890s. Robinson worked his way through normal school, following a program to learn mechanical drafting.

paragraph: Robinson first studied art at the Massachusetts College of Art in Boston. He would later go on to study at the Académie Colarossi and the École des Beaux-Arts, both in Paris, where he was influenced by the political cartooning of Honoré Daumier, as well as Forain and Steinlen.

paragraph: In 1903, Robinson married Sarah Senter Whitney. The couple moved to Paris where Robinson briefly worked as art editor for "Vogue," before returning to the United States in 1904.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Career.

paragraph: Upon returning to the United States, Robinson worked as an illustrator, drawing cartoons and theater illustrations for the "New York Morning Telegraph." He freelanced for a wide range of other popular publications, including "Pearson's Magazine", "Scribner's Magazine," "Collier's," "Harper's Weekly," and others.

paragraph: In 1910, Robinson took a job on the staff of the "New York Tribune" drawing editorial cartoons, a position which he retained for four years. With the eruption of World War I in 1914, Robinson's increasingly radical anti-militarist political views brought him into conflict with his employer and he quit the publication.

paragraph: In 1915, Robinson travelled to Eastern Europe on behalf of "Metropolitan Magazine" along with journalist John Reed. The pair saw first hand the effects of the European war in Russia, Serbia, Macedonia and Greece. In 1916 Reed's account of the journey was collected in a book called "The War in Eastern Europe," to which Robinson contributed illustrations.

paragraph: On his return from Europe, Robinson worked at the socialist monthly "The Masses." His highly political cartoons as well as the general anti-war stance of "The Masses" was deemed to have violated the recently passed Espionage Act of 1917, and "The Masses" had to cease publication. Robinson, along with the other defendants were acquitted on October 5, 1918. Following "The Masses", Robinson became a contributing editor to "The Liberator" and The "New Masses", working with former "Masses" editor Max Eastman.

paragraph: Robinson would later go on to teach art at the Art Students League in New York City (1919–30) and head the Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center (1936–47). Some of his students include Bill Tytla, Edmund Duffy, Jacob Burck, Russel Wright, Eric Bransby, Rifka Angel, Mary Anne Bransby, Gerhard Bakker, and Esther Shemitz (who married Whittaker Chambers): both Burck and Shemitz contributed illustrations to The "New Masses" as did their mentor.)

paragraph: Robinson is also known as a muralist. Some of his mural commissions include Rockefeller Center, the Department of Justice Building in Washington, D.C. and a nine-panel mural on the "History of Trade" for Kaufmann's flagship department store in Pittsburgh completed in 1929.

paragraph: Robinson also illustrated several books, among these are editions of Walt Whitman's "Leaves of Grass" (1921), Dostoyevsky's "The Brothers Karamazov" (1933), Edgar Lee Masters' "Spoon River Anthology" (1941), and Herman Melville's "Moby Dick" (1942).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Death and legacy.

paragraph: Boardman Robinson died on September 5, 1952.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Albert Christ-Janer, "Boardman Robinson." Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1946.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Student Resource on Boardman Robinson

paragraph: BULLET::::- Boardman Robinson Internet Archive, at Marxists Internet Archive. Retrieved October 19, 2009.

alias:
Boardman Michael Robinson
Mike Robinson

description: Canadian-American illustrator and painter

wikidata_label: Boardman Robinson

wikipedia_title: Boardman Robinson


text:
Commissioner
The Salvation Army
DePauw University
Boston Theological Seminary
William Booth
Salvationist
Commissioner
née

categories: American Salvationists,1860 births,1936 deaths,Salvation Army officers

paragraph: Samuel Logan Brengle

paragraph: Samuel Logan Brengle (1 June 1860 – 19 May 1936) was a Commissioner in The Salvation Army and a leading author, teacher and preacher on the doctrine of Holiness. His books include "The Soul Winner's Secret, Helps to Holiness" and "Heart Talks on Holiness".

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: As a teenager, he was saved during a revival meeting and began a life of dedication to the Lord. Following the death of his mother he enrolled in what is now known as DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana. There he was an exceptional scholar and while a number of opportunities were open to him, he felt that his calling was to be a preacher and so following university he became a circuit preacher for the Methodist church. Later on he was encouraged to study theology and so he enrolled at the Boston Theological Seminary. It was at this seminary that he was exposed to the teaching of holiness and later claimed the experience for his own life.

paragraph: Section::::'Second Blessing' holiness teaching.

paragraph: He described his experience as being a full immersion in the love of God. He would later write of the experience: "I walked out over Boston Common before breakfast, weeping for joy and praising God. Oh, how I loved! In that hour I knew Jesus, and I loved Him till it seemed my heart would break with love. I was filled with love for all His creatures. I heard the little sparrows chattering; I loved them. I saw a little worm wriggling across my path; I stepped over it; I didn’t want to hurt any living thing. I loved the dogs, I loved the horses, I loved the little urchins on the street, I loved the strangers who hurried past me, I loved the heathen, I loved the whole world". This experience would become his life's focus as he taught and admonished believers to seek 'the blessing' on an international level.

paragraph: Section::::Salvation Army career.

paragraph: Following his graduation he received offers to pastor some of the largest Methodists churches in the US. However, he turned them down as he became interested in the work of The Salvation Army. He had heard William Booth speak at an open-air service and was drawn to his ministry and mission and he desired to travel to England to meet and volunteer his services to the Founder of The Salvation Army. He had also met a young Salvationist by the name of Elizabeth Swift and had asked for her hand in marriage.

paragraph: When he did arrive in England and meet the Founder, the meeting was far from cordial, Booth viewed Brengle with some scepticism calling him a "dangerous man" in that he had been his own boss and Booth was not sure Brengle would adhere to the discipline of The Salvation Army. Nonetheless he was accepted for training and made his home at the Salvation Army Training Barracks in London. There one of his first duties was to blacken and shine the boots of his fellow cadets, a job that was considered menial. Rather than complain he reminded himself of the fact that His Savior did not consider it beneath Himself to wash the feet of the disciples. He took on all tasks, from selling the War Cry to preaching on the streets with equal humility and zeal.

paragraph: After training he was appointed back to the United States where it is said he laboured for the salvation of sinners and the sanctification of saints. Early on, many began to recognize the spiritual gifts and ministry of Brengle and later on he was taken out of church work and given a unique spiritual ministry. He was being recognized as a Prophet of Holiness and so he taught and wrote on the Second Blessing, as the experience is called.

paragraph: This did not come immediately. Rather, after an enjoyable ministry in a community, he and his wife received farewell orders and were appointed to the Boston #1 Corps. He admitted later there was a feeling of faintness as he read the telegram; this corps was in a very difficult area of the city. Yet he persevered and was used by the Lord. While at this appointment, he was injured when a drunk threw a brick at him. The result of the injury meant he was unable to preach for 18 months. It was during this time of recuperation that he began to write the articles that would form the basis of his book "Helps to Holiness". He was the author of several other books advancing the doctrine of holiness in The Salvation Army. In later years he was the Salvation Army's International Special Spiritual Ambassador of holiness.

paragraph: He rose through the ranks, attaining the rank of Commissioner. He was the first American born officer to reach this rank. He retired in 1931, but continued preaching and teaching for two more years.

paragraph: He was once asked for his secret of holiness to which he replied: "Keep in the will of God, obey Him, seek Him daily, waiting at His gates. Read the Bible regularly. Never neglect secret prayer. Keep testifying to the grace bestowed upon you. Help others".

paragraph: Later on he experienced a lessening of his health and so even this aspect of his ministry came to an end. Brengle died on May 19, 1936.

paragraph: Section::::Personal Life.

paragraph: Samuel Logan Brengle married Elizabeth Reeves Swift and had a daughter, Elizabeth Swift Brengle (born 1891, died 1979). The younger Elizabeth married Henry Chesterfield Reed (1895 - 1977) and they had one son, Logan Brengle Reed (b. 1927). Logan married the former Marilyn Mack and had four children [Rebecca Ann McLaughlin (née Reed), b. 1954, Logan Norman, George Brengle and Stephen Van Dyke] along with five grandchildren [Michelle-Ann Goldman ("née" McLaughlin) b. 1977, Keith John McLaughlin b. 1980, Matthew Clute McLaughlin b. 1984, Michael Reed McLaughlin b. 1984, Ryan Reed, b. 1992, Elizabeth Reed b. 1996 and Henry Reed b. 2002].

description: American Salvation Army officer

wikidata_label: Samuel Logan Brengle

wikipedia_title: Samuel Logan Brengle


text:
Palmiro Togliatti
Italian
mathematician
Togliatti surface

categories: 1890 births,20th-century Italian mathematicians,Differential geometers,Algebraic geometers,1977 deaths,Italian mathematicians

paragraph: Eugenio Giuseppe Togliatti

paragraph: Eugenio Giuseppe Togliatti (3 November 1890 – 5 October 1977), brother of Palmiro Togliatti, was the Italian mathematician who discovered Togliatti surfaces.

description: Italian mathematician

wikidata_label: Eugenio Giuseppe Togliatti

wikipedia_title: Eugenio Giuseppe Togliatti


text: Bangladeshi

text: religious scholar

text: Hadith

text: Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh

text: Liberation War of Bangladesh

text: International Crimes Tribunal

text: Madrasa

text: Barisal

text: hadith

text: tafseer

text: Dhaka

text: Ameer

text: Ayub Khan

text: independence of Bangladesh

text: Abul A'la Maududi

text: Maulana Abdur Rahim

text: Motiur Rahman Nizami

text: National Assembly of Pakistan

text: Sheikh Mujibur Rahman

text: Ataur Rahman Khan

text: Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan

text: Collaborators Act 1972

text: Nurul Amin

text: Ghulam Azam

text: Mahmud Ali

text: Collaborators Act 1972

text: Razakar

text: Shankharikathi massacre

text: Maulana AKM Yusuf: Biography

categories: 1926 births,Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami politicians

paragraph: AKM Yusuf

paragraph: Maulana Abul Kalam Muhammad Yusuf () (19 March 1926 – 9 February 2014) was a Bangladeshi religious scholar, writer, activist and politician. Yusuf was a specialist in the study of Hadith (Prophetic tradition): he earned the title ""Mumtaz al-Muhaddethin"" for his advanced degree in hadith sciences, and has also published books widely in the field.

paragraph: Yusuf has traveled widely and represented Bangladesh at numerous national and international forums. He served as the Chairman of Bangladesh Peasants' Welfare Society for over 35 years, the Chairman of Darul-Arabia wa Darul-Ifta Bangladesh for more than 30 years, and as a senior official of Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh in various capacities for more than 60 years. Implicated for war crimes he was allegedly party to in the 1971 Liberation War of Bangladesh, the International Crimes Tribunal, a domestic war crimes tribunal in Bangladesh set up specifically to investigate and prosecute suspects for the genocide committed in 1971, indicted him on 13 charges of genocide and crimes against humanity. He died in custody on 9 February 2014.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Maulana Abul Kalam Muhammad Yusuf hailed from the village of Rajair (Sarankhala), Bagerhat district in Bangladesh. He completed his primary education from his village school and later from a school at Rayenda. His secondary level schooling was completed from Galua Madrasa Barisal, followed by the Sharshina Aliya Madrasa and finally Amtali Madrasa in Barisal, where he began his education in "nahw" and "sarf" (Arabic grammar and morphology), as well as hadith and Qur'anic tafseer.

paragraph: Yusuf completed his undergraduate (Fazil) and graduate (Kamil) levels education in Alia Madrasa situated in Dhaka. In 1950, he achieved 1st position in the country on the basis of merit in the Fazil (Honors) examination under the East Pakistan Madrasa Board. Following this, he completed his graduate (Kamil) examinations in 1952, attaining recognition as "Mumtaz al-Muhaddethin", the highest distinction available to scholars of Islam in South Asia.

paragraph: He started his profession as a madrasa teacher in 1952 and became the principal of Khulna Alia Madrasa in 1958. He also taught at Tikikata Senior Madrasa in Mothbaria (Barisal), where he served as Head Master.

paragraph: Section::::Leadership of various social institutions.

paragraph: Yusuf headed the Bangladesh Peasants' Welfare Society (BPWS) (), which he founded in 1977 as a non-government and non-profit social welfare organization. He has also founded and chaired an Arabic-research and fatwa institute called Darul-Arabia wa Darul-Ifta situated in Dhaka. Since its founding, the institute has become a renowned center for the translation of classical Arabic and Islamic literature authored by well-known scholars into Bengali and also publishes "Al-Huda", an Arabic language monthly from Bangladesh. It has a wide circulation in the Middle East.

paragraph: Section::::Leadership in Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh.

paragraph: Yusuf joined the Jamaat-e-Islami in 1952. Rising quickly within its ranks, he was Ameer of the Khulna Division of the party from 1956 until October 1958. In October 1958, all parties were banned in the aftermath of the declaration of martial law in Pakistan by President Ayub Khan. After martial law was lifted Yusuf was appointed as the Naib-e-Ameer (Vice President) for the party's East Pakistan division. From 1962, until the independence of Bangladesh in 1971, he was also a member of Jamaat's Majlis-e-Shura (Central Executive Council) for three consecutive full terms, under the leadership of Sayyid Abul A'la Maududi (Maududi).

paragraph: After 1971, Yusuf served in various capacities in providing senior leadership for Jamaat. He was selected Secretary General for one term under Ameer Maulana Abdur Rahim. He again served in the same capacity for three consecutive terms under Jamaat Ameer Ghulam Azam and was elected as Senior Naib-e-Ameer during the second tenure of Ameer Maulana Motiur Rahman Nizami. He continued in this role until his death.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.

paragraph: In the 1962 elections, Yusuf was nominated by Jamaat to run on behalf of his constituency Khulna and Barisal. Taking leave of absence from his teaching position at the Alia Madrasa, he contested the elections and won. At 35 years of age, he was at the time the youngest representative in the National Assembly of Pakistan.

paragraph: He actively participated in the civil unrest movement against dictator Ayub Khan in the 1960s and was part of the Pakistan Democratic Movement (PDM) from 1965 to 1968 and later of the Democratic Action Committee (DAC), working alongside notable leaders such as Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Ataur Rahman Khan, Nawabzada Nasrullah Khan, Chowdhury Golam Mohammad and many others.

paragraph: Section::::Role during Liberation War.

paragraph: During the war, he became a member of the Abdul Motaleb Malik-led cabinet and served as Revenue Minister. However, all the cabinet members had resigned on 14 December, only two days before the country's independence, as they "decided to resign observing the country's situation,". Due to his high-profile political stance during the war, Yusuf was identified among 14 top collaborators who were ordered to surrender after promulgation of the Collaborators Act 1972. The list was made addressing Yusuf himself, Nurul Amin, Ghulam Azam, Khan A Sabur, Shah Azizur Rahman, Maulana Muhammad Ishaq, Khawaja Khayeruddin, Mahmud Ali, Abbas Ali Khan and many others as collaborators. Awami League leader Obaydullah Mazumder of Feni was among the list of the collaborators.

paragraph: Fifty thousand collaborators were arrested under the Collaborators Act 1972, among whom 752 were found guilty and were sentenced to varying degrees of imprisonment. Yusuf, despite his political stance of opposing the war of independence, was among those who received Mujibur Rahman's general amnesty in 1973 following a period of imprisonment in lieu of absence of any charges of killing, rape, loot or arson against him during the war.

paragraph: Section::::War Crimes trial.

paragraph: Section::::War Crimes trial.:Arrest.

paragraph: On 12 May 2013, Bangladeshi police arrested Yusuf in Dhaka on charges of war crimes, charging him with 15 crimes dating back to Bangladesh's 1971 war of independence with Pakistan, including genocide, killing, looting, arson and forcing members of minority faiths to convert to Islam. Police alleged that he was the founder of the infamous Razakar Bahini, who were notorious for their operations that targeted Hindus as well as civilians suspected of being sympathetic towards Bengali nationalists.

paragraph: Section::::War Crimes trial.:Charges.

paragraph: According to the prosecution, Yusuf had formed the first team of Razakars (volunteers) on 5 May 1971 with 96 members of Jamaat in Khulna. He started gathering people for the force on 18 April. Yusuf was also reported as the regional chief of anti-liberation force Peace Committee, facing 15 war crimes charges, which included genocide, killing, looting, arson and forcing members of minority faiths to convert to Islam.

paragraph: His defence team argued that Yusuf, then 87, required to be granted bail immediately because of his old age. Prosecutors however opposed the bail application, arguing that Yusuf had remained politically active despite his advancing years and should remain in jail to prevent him influencing trial proceedings. Subsequently, his bail was rejected and he was sent to jail.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: On the morning of 9 February 2014, Yusuf, a survivor of two previous heart surgeries, suffered a fatal stroke while in prison custody. He was taken to Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) hospital at around 11 a.m. that day, after falling ill in his prison cell at Kashimpur central jail, about from Dhaka, where doctors subsequently pronounced him dead.

paragraph: Section::::Books.

paragraph: Yusuf is a well-known scholar in his own right and published several widely read books, including titles on Qur'anic studies and hadith. Along with writing a couple of travelogues and a memoir, he also published analytic essays on national and international politics.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Yusuf married in 1949. He had eight children of whom five are daughters and three are sons.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shankharikathi massacre

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maulana AKM Yusuf: Biography

description: Bangladeshi politician

wikidata_label: AKM Yusuf

wikipedia_title: AKM Yusuf


text:
Flemish
Brussels
David Teniers the Younger
Emperor Leopold I
Kunsthistorisches Museum
Daniel Seghers
Jan Brueghel the Elder
Erasmus Quellinus II
Nikolaus van Hoy
Museum of Fine Arts (Budapest)
Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium

categories: Flemish priests,Flemish still life painters,1615 births,Flemish Roman Catholic priests,Flemish Baroque painters,Flemish landscape painters,1687 deaths

paragraph: Jan Anton van der Baren

paragraph: Jan Anton van der Baren (variations on the first name: 'Jan Anthonie', 'Jan Antonius', 'Jean-Antoine' and 'Johannes Antonius') (1615 – 1 January 1687) was a Flemish painter, draughtsman, priest and museum curator active in Brussels and Vienna. He specialised in still lifes of flowers and vegetables, some of which include an architectural background.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Jan Anton van der Baren was likely born in Brussels. He became court chaplain to Archduke Leopold Wilhelm, the Governor of the Spanish Netherlands, who resided in Brussels. He accompanied the Archduke on his return to Vienna in 1656 and remained there until his death.

paragraph: In Vienna he became director of the picture gallery of the Archduke, one of the most extensive art collections in Europe at the time. Van der Baren compiled an inventory of the collection in 1659, although he probably did not himself draft the German language inventory that he signed together with three other members of the Archduke’s court administration. David Teniers the Younger, who was the director of the Archduke’s collection while it was still in Brussels, painted the famous . The painting includes a portrait of van der Baren (he is the third man from the right).

paragraph: After the Archduke’s death in 1662, van der Baren continued to hold the offices of court chaplain and director of the picture gallery under Emperor Leopold I.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: Section::::Work.:General.

paragraph: Van der Baren is regarded as an amateur painter since he did not paint professionally but was principally a priest and a court official. Not many works by his hand are known. There are 14 paintings accepted as authentic, some of them signed and dated. Most of the works are still lifes.

paragraph: The 1659 inventory of Archduke Leopold Wilhelm's collection shows that it included 12 works by van der Baren. The works of van der Baren in the collection comprised, besides still lifes, some architectural and park landscapes. To date no examples of works other than still lifes have been attributed to van der Baren. Some of his known still lifes include an architectural background (such as the "Still Life with Pumpkins" in the Kunsthistorisches Museum) or a landscape view (such as "A Seascape within a Garland of Fruit" in the Powis Castle and Garden, Powys, Wales, National Trust).

paragraph: Van der Baren’s work shows an exactness of botanical detail and an emphasis on texture and light. While his flower pieces and garland paintings were clearly influenced by the leading flower painter in Flanders Daniel Seghers, his palette is warmer than that of Seghers.

paragraph: Section::::Work.:Garland paintings.

paragraph: Most of his still lifes fall into the category of ‘garland paintings’. Garland paintings are a special type of still life invented in Antwerp and whose earliest practitioner was Jan Brueghel the Elder. These paintings typically show a flower garland around a devotional image or portrait. Garland paintings were usually collaborations between a still life and a figure painter.

paragraph: Van der Baren collaborated on garland paintings with other painters, such as Erasmus Quellinus II and the Flemish émigré painter Nikolaus van Hoy. These collaborators painted the devotional image while van der Baren painted the flower garland. An example is the "Garland of flowers surrounding the Holy Family" in the Museum of Fine Arts (Budapest), a collaboration with van Hoy. Another example of this genre is the "Mystic Marriage of St Catherine" (Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium).

paragraph: Section::::Work.:Flower pieces.

paragraph: He also painted still lifes of flowers in vases such as the "Glass with roses" in the Kunsthistorisches Museum. He also painted the "" (Auctioned at Hampel Fine Art Auctions on 5 December 2008, Vienna, lot 263), which follows the early 17th century model of the presentation of a flower vase in a niche.

paragraph: He further painted still lifes of vegetables and an interesting still life showing the "" with a cityscape in the background (both also in the Kunsthistorisches Museum).

alias:
Jan Antonius van der Baren
Johannes Antonius van der Baren
Jan Antoine van der Baren
Jan Anthonie van der Baren
Jan Anton Van der Baren
Johannes Antonius Van Der Baren

wikidata_label: Jan Anton van der Baren

wikipedia_title: Jan Anton van der Baren


text:
Yarmouth, Nova Scotia
University of Pennsylvania
American Civil War
Ulysses S. Grant
Chester A. Arthur
Theodor Leschetizky
Isidor Philipp
Max Spicker
Johanna Gadski
Maggie Teyte
Marguerite Namara
John Keats
Fontainebleau
Aaron Copland
Amy Beach
Carrie Jacobs Bond
James J. Belden
Library of Congress

categories: 1875 births,American composers,People from Yarmouth, Nova Scotia

paragraph: Florence Parr Gere

paragraph: Florence Parr Gere (April 25, 1875 – died after 1963) was a Canadian-born American pianist and composer.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Florence Beatrice Parr was born in Yarmouth, Nova Scotia, the eldest child of Florence Parr and Henry Albert Parr. Her father was a dentist associated with the University of Pennsylvania Dental School; Dr. Parr's varied career included espionage for the Confederacy during the American Civil War, and treating presidents Ulysses S. Grant and Chester A. Arthur. Florence Parr trained as a musician under Theodor Leschetizky and Isidor Philipp, and studied composition in Paris and Vienna, and in New York with Max Spicker.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Gere wrote both music and lyrics for songs, with titles such as "A New World is Born" and "I Walked with Anguish in my Heart". Gere's songs were popular with concert singers in New York, including Johanna Gadski, Maggie Teyte, and Marguerite Namara. She also composed music for settings of poems by others, including a setting of John Keats' "The Devon Maid". She hosted gatherings of musicians at her New York home. In 1922 she spent six months in France and Switzerland, studying at the American Conservatory at Fontainebleau with fellow student Aaron Copland, writing "Fontainebleau Sketches" and other compositions that she sold to Hamelle, a French publisher. She supported the work of women composers and musicians, and admired fellow composers Amy Beach and Carrie Jacobs Bond.

paragraph: Florence Parr Gere funded a contest, the Parr-Gere Music Poem Contest, with the Poetry Society of London. The annual prize was given to the best poem on the topic of music. She was also active in the National Association for American Composers and Conductors (NAACC), in New York and later in Philadelphia.

paragraph: She was still composing into her eighties, she told an interviewer in 1964, noting, "I don't write 'modern music'. Why disturb beautiful sounds?"

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Florence Parr married James Belden Gere, a neurologist who was the nephew and namesake of congressman James J. Belden. Florence Parr Gere was widowed in 1920. About 1960, she moved to Philadelphia to help her ailing younger sister, Marion Parr Johnson.

paragraph: There is a collection of her papers, including music and photographs, in the Library of Congress.

wikidata_label: Florence Parr Gere

wikipedia_title: Florence Parr Gere


text:
evangelical Anglican
Anglican
Nathaniel Ryder, 1st Baron Harrowby
Richard Terrick
Bishop of London
Dudley Ryder, 1st Earl of Harrowby
Richard Ryder
St John's College, Cambridge
Lutterworth
Claybrook
canon of Windsor
Bishop of Gloucester
Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry
Francis Legatt Chantrey
Lichfield Cathedral
John Henry Newman
Apologia Pro Vita Sua
Henry Ignatius Dudley Ryder
Admiral of the Fleet
Sir Alfred Phillips Ryder
Robert Ryder

categories: 1777 births,Younger sons of barons,Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge,Ryder family,Deans of Wells,1836 deaths,Bishops of Gloucester,Canons of Windsor,Canons of Westminster

paragraph: Henry Ryder

paragraph: Henry Dudley Ryder (21 July 1777 – 31 March 1836) was a prominent English evangelical Anglican bishop in the early years of the nineteenth century. He was the first evangelical to be raised to the Anglican episcopate.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Ryder was the fifth son of Nathaniel Ryder, 1st Baron Harrowby, by his wife Elizabeth Terrick, daughter of Richard Terrick, Bishop of London. Dudley Ryder, 1st Earl of Harrowby and the Honourable Richard Ryder were his elder brothers. He studied at St John's College, Cambridge, and became vicar of Lutterworth and of Claybrook. He was canon of Windsor in 1808.

paragraph: He was successively Bishop of Gloucester, from 1815, and Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, from 1824. His kneeling statue by Francis Legatt Chantrey is in Lichfield Cathedral.

paragraph: John Henry Newman, in his "Apologia Pro Vita Sua", speaks of the veneration in which he held Ryder.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Ryder married Sophia, daughter of Thomas March Phillips, in 1802. Their second son George Dudley Ryder was the father of the Very Reverend Henry Ignatius Dudley Ryder. Their fifth son was Admiral of the Fleet Sir Alfred Phillips Ryder. Their sixth and youngest son Spencer Ryder was the ancestor of the soldier and politician Robert Ryder. Ryder died in March 1836, aged 58. His wife died in August 1862.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

description: British bishop

wikidata_label: Henry Ryder

wikipedia_title: Henry Ryder


text:
Saint-Lô
Manche
French
motocross
world champion
F.I.M.
Heinz Kinigadner
Yamaha
Paulo Sharp
Sebastien Tortelli
Stephane Roncada
David Vuillemin

categories: People from Saint-Lô,1961 births,French motorcycle racers,Motocross riders,Sportspeople from Manche,Living people

paragraph: Jacky Vimond

paragraph: Jacky Vimond (born July 18, 1961 in Saint-Lô, Manche) is a French former motocross world champion.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In 1984 and 1985, Vimond finished in second place in the F.I.M. 250cc motocross world championship behind Heinz Kinigadner. He finally won the title with Yamaha in 1986 becoming France's first-ever motocross world champion. Vimond was badly injured at a victory celebration in honor of his world championship. As he was being lowered by wires to the stage while astride his motorcycle, something went wrong and he fell almost nine meters, injuring his back. His injury would end his career. After his retirement, Vimond became a motocross coach, helping young riders such as Paulo Sharp, Sebastien Tortelli, Stephane Roncada and David Vuillemin.

description: French motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Jacky Vimond

wikipedia_title: Jacky Vimond


text: Uruguay

text: novelist

text: prostitution

text: left-wing politics

text: Salto, Uruguay

text: Basque

text: Latin America

text: Le Corbusier

text: Argentinian

text: Buenos Aires

text: Boedo group

text: Communist Party of Uruguay

text: Federico García Lorca

text: Francisco Franco

text: Spanish Civil War

categories: Uruguayan male short story writers,Uruguayan people of Portuguese descent,Uruguayan novelists,Male dramatists and playwrights,People from Salto, Uruguay,1900 births,1960 deaths,Uruguayan communists,20th-century dramatists and playwrights,Male novelists,Uruguayan dramatists and playwrights,Uruguayan short story writers,Marxist writers,20th-century novelists

paragraph: Enrique Amorim

paragraph: Enrique Amorim (July 25, 1900 – July 28, 1960) was a Uruguayan novelist and writer, best known for his story "Las quitanderas" whose plot centres on rural prostitution; also known for his left-wing politics.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was born in Salto, Uruguay to parents who were wealthy cattle ranchers. His father was from a Portuguese background, his mother Basque. Amorim travelled extensively in Europe and Latin America, developing acquaintanceships and friendships with many of the leading literary figures of his time. He eventually had a house built in Salto, designed by Le Corbusier.

paragraph: In the 1920s Amorim wrote for the Argentinian leftist magazine "Los Pensadores" and published with the press Claridad, both associated with the left-leaning Buenos Aires-based Boedo group.

paragraph: In 1947 Amorim officially joined the Communist Party of Uruguay. He was also responsible for the erection of a monument in Salto to commemorate Federico García Lorca, the poet and playwright killed by Francisco Franco's forces in the opening weeks of the Spanish Civil War.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Novels.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La carreta" (1929)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "El paisano Aguilar" (1934)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La edad despareja" (1938)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "El caballo y su sombra" (1941)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La luna se hizo con agua" (1944)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "El asesino desvelado" (1946)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Feria de farsantes" (1952)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Eva Burgos" (1960)

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Books of short stories.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Amorim" (1923)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Horizontes y bocacalles" (1926)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tráfico" (1927)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La trampa del pajonal" (1928)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Del 1 al 6" (1932)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La plaza de las carretas" (1937)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Después del temporal" (1953)

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Books of poems.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Veinte años" (1920)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Visitas al cielo" (1929)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Poemas uruguayos" (1935)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dos poemas" (1940)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Primero de Mayo" (1949)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Quiero" (1954)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sonetos de amor en verano" (1958)

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Plays.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La segunda sangre" (1950)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Don Juan 38" (1958)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Much of the information in this article comes from http://www.todo-argentina.net/Literatura_argentina/Biografias_de_literatura/enrique_amorim.htm.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biographical notes on Amorim and other famous natives of Salto

description: Uruguayan writer

wikidata_label: Enrique Amorim

wikipedia_title: Enrique Amorim


text: San Lorenzo

text: Pordenone

text: Italy

text: Barto

text: Pennsylvania

text: sound art

text: modern furniture

text: designer

text: Detroit

text: Cass Technical High School

text: handmade jewelry

text: Louise Green

text: Greta Pack

text: College for Creative Studies

text: Cranbrook Academy of Art

text: Walter Gropius

text: Edmund N. Bacon

text: Ray and Charles Eames

text: Florence Knoll

text: Ray Eames

text: Edmund Bacon

text: Evans Product Company

text: Pennsylvania

text: Hans

text: Florence Knoll

text: Knoll

text: diamond chair

text: Herman Miller

text: Sonambient

text: near mint

text: Pennsylvania

text: Addison Gallery of American Art

text: Brooklyn Museum

text: Cleveland Museum of Art

text: Dallas Public Library

text: Detroit Institute of Arts

text: Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden

text: Honolulu Museum of Art

text: Kemper Museum of Contemporary Art

text: Nasher Sculpture Center

text: Philadelphia Museum of Art

text: Reading Public Museum

text: Smithsonian American Art Museum

text: Vero Beach Museum of Art

text: Walker Art Center

text: Sunburst Sculpture

text: Joslyn Art Museum

text: Omaha Public Library

text: Lord Palumbo

text: Kentuck Knob

text: Aon Center

text: Chicago

text: Sounding Sculpture

text: Chicago Botanic Garden

text: Sounding Piece

text: Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art

text: Cornell University

text: Ithaca

text: New York

text: October 3, 1995 piece

text: YouTube

text: Marshall University

text: Huntington, West Virginia

text: Marshall University air disaster

text: Gordon Bunshaft

text: JPMorgan Chase

text: 510 Fifth Avenue

text: The Whiting

text: Flint, Michigan

text: lung cancer

text: HarryBertoia Foundation

text: Bertoia Studio

categories: 1915 births,Cranbrook Academy of Art alumni,Italian emigrants to the United States,Cass Technical High School alumni,American furniture designers,Audiovisual artists,People from Berks County, Pennsylvania,Italian furniture designers,Italian artists,American male sculptors,Modern artists,1978 deaths

paragraph: Harry Bertoia

paragraph: Harry Bertoia (March 10, 1915 in San Lorenzo, Pordenone, Italy – November 6, 1978 in Barto, Pennsylvania),  was an Italian-born American artist, sound art sculptor, and modern furniture designer.

paragraph: At the age of 15, given the choice to stay in drought ridden Italy or move to Detroit, Harry chose to adventure to America and live with his older brother, Oreste. After learning the language and the bus schedule, he enrolled in Cass Technical High School, where he studied art and design and learned the skill of handmade jewelry making ca.1930-1936. At that time, there were three jewelry and metals teachers Louise Green, Mary Davis, and Greta Pack. In 1936 he attended the Art School of the Detroit Society of Arts and Crafts, now known as the College for Creative Studies. The following year in 1937 he received a scholarship to study at the Cranbrook Academy of Art where he encountered Walter Gropius, Edmund N. Bacon and Ray and Charles Eames and Florence Knoll for the first time.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Starting out as a painting student but soon being asked to reopen the metal workshop in 1939, Bertoia taught jewelry design and metal work. Later, as the war effort made metal a rare and very expensive commodity he began to focus his efforts on jewelry making, even designing and creating wedding rings for Ray Eames and Edmund Bacon's wife Ruth. When all the metal was taken up by war efforts, he became the graphics instructor. Still at Cranbrook, in 1943 he married Brigitta Valentiner, and then moved to California to work for Charles and Ray at the Molded Plywood Division of the Evans Product Company. Bertoia worked there until 1946, then sold his jewelry and monotypes until obtaining work with the Electronics Naval Lab in La Jolla.

paragraph: In 1950, he was invited to move to Pennsylvania to work with Hans and Florence Knoll. (Florence studied also at Cranbrook.) During this period he designed five wire pieces that became known as the Bertoia Collection for Knoll. Among these was the famous diamond chair, a fluid, sculptural form made from a welded lattice work of steel.

paragraph: In Bertoia's own words, "If you look at these chairs, they are mainly made of air, like sculpture. Space passes right through them."

paragraph: The chairs were produced with varying degrees of upholstery over their light grid-work, and they were handmade at first because a suitable mass production process could not be found. Unfortunately, the chair edge utilized two thin wires welded on either side of the mesh seat. This design had been granted a patent to the Eames for the wire chair produced by Herman Miller. Herman Miller eventually won and Bertoia & Knoll redesigned the seat edge, using a thicker, single wire, and grinding down the edge of the seat wires at a smooth angle—the same way the chairs are produced today. Nonetheless, the commercial success enjoyed by Bertoia's diamond chair was immediate. It was only in 2005 that Bertoia's asymmetrical chaise longue was introduced at the Milan Furniture Fair and sold out immediately.

paragraph: Section::::Sound sculpture.

paragraph: In the mid-1950s, the chairs being produced by Knoll sold so well that the lump sum payment arrangement from Knoll allowed Bertoia to devote himself exclusively to sculpture. He ultimately produced over 50 commissioned public sculptures, many of which are still viewable today. In the 1960s, he began experimenting with sounding sculptures of tall vertical rods on flat bases. He renovated the old barn into an atypical concert hall and put in about 100 of his favorite "Sonambient" sculptures.

paragraph: Bertoia played the pieces in a number of concerts and even produced a series of eleven albums, all entitled "Sonambient," of the music made by his art, manipulated by his hands along with the elements of nature. In the late 1990s, his daughter found a large collection of near mint condition original albums stored away on his property in Pennsylvania. These were sold as collector's items. In 2015, these Sonambient recordings are being re-issued by Important Records as a box set with a booklet of the history and previously unseen photos.

paragraph: Bertoia's work can be found in The Addison Gallery of American Art (Andover, Massachusetts), the Brooklyn Museum (New York City), the Cleveland Museum of Art, the Dallas Public Library, the Detroit Institute of Arts, the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden (Washington D.C.), the Honolulu Museum of Art, the Kemper Museum of Contemporary Art (Kansas City, Missouri), the Nasher Sculpture Center (Dallas, Texas), the Philadelphia Museum of Art, the Reading Public Museum (Reading, Pennsylvania), the Allentown Art Museum, Milwaukee art museum, the Smithsonian American Art Museum (Washington D.C.), the Vero Beach Museum of Art (Vero Beach, Florida), and the Walker Art Center (Minneapolis, Minnesota).

paragraph: Bertoia's "Sunburst Sculpture" owned by the Joslyn Art Museum was originally installed in the Joslyn's Fountain Court. It is now

paragraph: located in the lobby of the Milton R. Abrahams Branch of the Omaha Public Library. Lord Palumbo owns several Bertoia works which are on display at Kentuck Knob. Bertoia's "Sounding Sculpture" can be found in the plaza of The Aon Center, Chicago's third tallest building. Another "Sounding Sculpture", considerably smaller than the one mentioned above, is featured in the Rose Terrace of the Chicago Botanic Garden, and a third very similar to the piece in Chicago called "Sounding Piece" was until 2003 on display at the Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. As explained in October 3, 1995 piece in the weekly "Dear Uncle Ezra" column of the university newspaper:

paragraph: Dear Uncle Ezra,

paragraph: What is that sound coming from the Johnson Museum? It's a pingy type sound that I guess could be some kind of wind chime but it seems like it's coming from the building itself.

paragraph: — Just wondering

paragraph: Dear Chiming In,

paragraph: Well, it almost is coming from the building itself. What you hear is "Sounding Piece", a sculpture by Harry Bertoia that permanently resides on the sculpture court (outdoor balcony) on the second floor of the Johnson Museum. The chimes sway back and forth on tall rods and "ping" or "gong" into each other (depending on which chime and how hard they collide) when winds move them. It's one of my all-time favorites, well worth a visit if you haven't seen it. You can go out on to the sculpture court until at least the end of October. Once winter sets in, the chimes are secured so that they won't snap in the windy, icy weather.

paragraph: Uncle Ezra

paragraph: The sculpture was taken off view after it was damaged in a storm in 2003 . Audiovisual footage of many of Bertoia's sound sculptures can be viewed on websites such as YouTube .

paragraph: Section::::Other work.

paragraph: Bertoia was the sculptor commissioned to create the Marshall University fountain in Huntington, West Virginia, to honor the university's football team in the wake of the plane crash that killed them on November 14, 1970. For more information on the disaster, see Marshall University air disaster.

paragraph: The 1954 Gordon Bunshaft building for Manufacturer's Hanover Trust-now JPMorgan Chase (510 Fifth Avenue at West 43rd Street, New York City) included a full building-width, second-floor screen-sculpture by Bertoia. It was dismantled and removed in 2010 by J. P. Morgan Chase.

paragraph: The 'Golden Sun' was commissioned in 1967 for The Whiting, an auditorium in Flint, Michigan. Seven feet in diameter, the spherical sculpture consists of 675 gold-plated stainless steel branches and hangs in the building's lobby.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Bertoia fathered one son and two daughters. One grandson and two granddaughters (one died young), and three great grandchildren have carried on his lineage so far. Some members of the subsequent two generations are engaged in artistic endeavors.

paragraph: Bertoia died of lung cancer at the age of 63 on November 6, 1978. His wife, Brigitta Valentiner, died in 2007, aged 87.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Harry Bertoia: Sculptor " (1970), June Kompass Nelson, Wayne State University Press,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Harry Bertoia, Printmaker: Monotypes and Other Monographics" (1989), June Kompass Nelson, Wayne State University Press,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The World of Bertoia" (2003), Nancy N. Schiffer and Val O. Bertoia, Schiffer Publishing,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Life and Work of Harry Bertoia "(2015), Celia Bertoia, Schiffer Publishing,

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- HarryBertoia Foundation

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bertoia Studio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marshall University Air Disaster Memorial Site (Harry Bertoia)

paragraph: BULLET::::- ArtCycloPedia.Com (Harry Bertoia Online)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harry Bertoia's Birthplace, hosting a comprehensive Digital Library

alias:
Harry Bertoïa
Arieto Bertoia

description: Italian-American artist

wikidata_label: Harry Bertoia

wikipedia_title: Harry Bertoia