text: Konbaung Dynasty

text: Burma

text: Alaungpaya

text: Phaungkaza Maung Maung

text: Naungdawgyi

text: Ava

text: Amarapura

text: Bagyidaw

text: Mindon Min

text: Arakan

text: Thado Minsaw

text: Mrauk U

text: Mahamuni Buddha

text: Khmer

text: Mandalay

text: British India

text: Sir John Shore

text: Michael Symes

text: invaded Siam in 1785

text: Tavoy

text: Siamese

text: punitive expedition

text: Tenasserim

text: invaded Siam again in 1809

text: Maha Senanurak

text: Chan and Mook

text: Ahom

text: Guwahati

text: Assam

text: Borphukan

text: Burhagohain

text: Ahom Kingdom

text: Assam

text: Borphukan

text: Burhagohain

text: Ahom

text: Chandrakanta Singha

text: Borphukan

text: Ahom

text: Assam

text: Ahom

text: Chandrakanta Singha

text: Chandrakanta Singha

text: Chandrakanta Singha

text: Buddha

text: Maitreya

text: Sangha

text: Sangharaja

text: Thudhamma order

text: upasampada

text: Sri Lanka

text: stupa

text: Mingun

text: Irrawaddy

text: Shwebo

text: chinthe

text: Mingun Bell

text: Moscow Kremlin

text: Tsar bell

text: Bell of Good Luck

text: Sagaing

text: Bagyidaw

text: Wanderings in Burma by George W Bird, 1897

categories: 1745 births,Burmese monarchs,Konbaung dynasty

paragraph: Bodawpaya

paragraph: Bodawpaya (, ; ; 11 March 1745 – 5 June 1819) was the sixth king of the Konbaung Dynasty of Burma. Born Maung Shwe Waing and later Badon Min, he was the fourth son of Alaungpaya, founder of the dynasty and the Third Burmese Empire. He was proclaimed king after deposing his nephew Phaungkaza Maung Maung, son of his oldest brother Naungdawgyi, at Ava. Bodawpaya moved the royal capital back to Amarapura in 1782. He was titled Hsinbyumyashin (Lord of the White Elephants), although he became known to posterity as Bodawpaya in relation to his successor, his grandson Bagyidaw (Royal Elder Uncle), who in turn was given this name in relation to his nephew Mindon Min. He fathered 62 sons and 58 daughters by about 200 consorts.

paragraph: Section::::Military expeditions.

paragraph: Also known as Bodaw U Waing, he invaded Arakan in 1784 sending his royal armies led by his son, the Heir Apparent Thado Minsaw, across the Western Yoma range of mountains. The capital of Arakan Mrauk U was captured on the last of 1784. The Mahamuni Buddha image, among other treasures such as the Khmer bronze statues, were brought back to mainland Burma; these can still be seen in Mandalay. Also taken were 20,000 captives as slaves to pagodas and temples, and the nobility at Amarapura. Once Arakan was annexed as a province of Burma, her borders became contiguous with British India. The Arakanese revolted in 1794, and the British Governor of India Sir John Shore (later Lord Teignmouth) sent Captain Michael Symes on an embassy, fully equipped to gather as much information as possible about the country, to the Court of Ava as the kingdom was still known to the outside world. Bodawpaya invaded Siam in 1785, and was defeated. The Governor of Tavoy revolted in 1791 with the aid of the Siamese, but a punitive expedition sent by Bodawpaya by sea laid siege ending in peace negotiations in 1793 and the ceding of the Tenasserim coast to the Burmese. He invaded Siam again in 1809, but was fended off by Maha Senanurak and the heroines, Chan and Mook.

paragraph: In 1816, the Ahom governor of Guwahati in Assam, Badan Chandra Borphukan visited the court of Bodawpaya to seek help in order to defeat his political rival Purnananda Burhagohain, the Prime Minister of Ahom Kingdom in Assam. A strong force of 16,000 under the command of Gen. Maha Minhla Minkhaung was sent with Badan Chandra Borphukan. The Burmese force entered Assam in January, 1817 and defeated the Assamese force in the battle of Ghiladhari. Meanwhile, Purnananda Burhagohain died, and Ruchinath Burhagohain, the son of Purnananda Burahgohain fled to Guwahati. The reigning Ahom king Chandrakanta Singha came in terms with Badan Chandra Borphukan and his Burmese allies. The King appointed Badan Chandra Borphukan as Mantri Phukan (Prime Minister) and an Ahom princess Hemo Aideo was given for marriage to Burmese King Bodawpaya along with many gifts. The Burmese force retired from Assam soon after. A year later, Badan Chandra Borphukan was assassinated and the Ahom king Chandrakanta Singha was deposed by rival political faction led by Ruchinath Burhagohain, the son of Purnananda Burhagohain . Chandrakanta Singha and the friends of Badan Chandra Borphukan appeal for help to Bodawpaya. In February 1819, the Burmese forces invaded Assam for second time and reinstalled Chandrakanta Singha on the throne of Assam.

paragraph: Section::::Religion and culture.

paragraph: Bodawpaya proclaimed himself the next messianic Buddha or Maitreya ("Arimittya"), but his claim was firmly rejected by the Sangha. During his reign, scholarship flourished due to the discipline and stability achieved by establishing a chapter of Sangharajas or senior monks charged with the responsibility of safeguarding the purity of the Sangha. He had successfully arbitrated in favour of orthodoxy to cover both shoulders on the alms round in the controversy concerning the correct way of wearing the robes, and the Order of Monks was unified under the Thudhamma order. Burma became the custodian of Buddhism in the region, and the upasampada ordination was re-introduced to Sri Lanka where it established the Amarapura Nikaya.

paragraph: In 1790 Bodawpaya began the construction of a gigantic stupa called Mantalagyi (Great Royal Stupa) at Mingun, up the River Irrawaddy from Mandalay on the west bank. It was however never finished after a prophecy went round saying " Payagyi lè apyi that, moksoe thonnya kap" – "Once the great pagoda has been wrought, the Moksoe dynasty will come to nought" (). It was meant to have stood , tall enough to be seen from Shwebo in the west, the birthplace of the dynasty, towering above the Minwun Hills. An earthquake in 1838 left huge fissures in the structure, and also caused the heads of the two gigantic chinthes to fall into the river. There was also a gigantic 90 ton bell dedicated to the stupa called the Mingun Bell, cast between 1808 and 1810. It was the largest ringing bell in the world, as the larger bell in Moscow Kremlin called the Tsar bell is broken, until the larger Bell of Good Luck was cast and first rung for the new year in 2000. During his reign Bodawpaya also proved to be a great patron of the performing arts; he appointed a minister called "Thabin Wun" (), and established strict regulations by royal decree ( "a meint daw"). He also ordered a major economic survey of the kingdom in 1784.

paragraph: Bodawpaya was succeeded after his death in 1819 by his grandson, Prince of Sagaing, who later became known as Bagyidaw. The Heir Apparent, father of Bagyidaw, had died in 1808.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. at Ava, 1759, H.M. Queen (Ale-nandaw Mibura) Sri Maha Nandabhi Ratna Devi (d. 3 September 1789), née Men Lun Poo, daughter of the Maung Santhwun Myosarey.

paragraph: BULLET::::2. at Ava, 1760, H.M. Queen (Nammadaw Mibura Hkaung Gyi) Sri Pawara Maha Rajendra Mangala Ratna Devi (b. 1743; d. at Meengun, 24 February 1807), née Men Lun Me, daughter of the Sri Putra Chauka Lathaun Mhu, who had issue, three daughters.

paragraph: BULLET::::3. at Ava, 1760, H.M. Queen (Myauk-nandaw Mibura I) Sri Maha Chandrabhi Ratna Devi, Salin and Phaungdeen Myosa Mibura (b. 1745; d. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 1807), née Me Lun Thu, daughter of the Meen Wun, who had issue, two sons.

paragraph: BULLET::::4. H.M. Queen (Ale-nandaw Mibura) Sri Maha Nandabhi Ratna Devi, Zameedeen Myosa Mibura, née Men Lun Bhoung, raised to the rank and title of Ale-nandaw Mibura 1789, daughter of the "Allaum Mingdragyi King".

paragraph: BULLET::::5. ca. 1760, a daughter of a Secretary of a Cavalry Unit.

paragraph: BULLET::::6. at Ava, 1767, Raja Devi, Pegu Myosa Mibura (d. 1785), née Sao Sri Ang Hsung [Sao Nang Sri Aung Bon], eldest daughter of Kambawasa Mahavamsa Sao Myat Hsan Te [Sao Myat Thande], Saopha of Hsipaw, by his first wife, Nang Gam Kyaw. Shr had issue, one son.

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Shin Min Si (d. before 1782), daughter of Maung Pu, of Shunzet, north of Moksobo, who had issue, one son.

paragraph: BULLET::::8. before 1771, his half-sister, H.R.H. Princess Min Shwe Mhya, Sri Suriya Chandra Devi, Zindau Myosa Mibura (b. 1754), daughter of H.M. Sri Pawara Vijaya Nanda Jatha Maha Dharma Rajadhiraja Alaung Min Thaya Gyi Alaungpaya Aungjaya, King of Burma, by his sixth wife, Raja Mahay, Shin Shwe Kho Gyi, daughter of the Min Wun.

paragraph: BULLET::::9. before 1771 (div. before 1782) Kolottaw Shin Min Me (d. 1782).

paragraph: BULLET::::10. Shin Min Si (d. before 1782).

paragraph: BULLET::::11. (div. before 1782) Kolottaw Shin Phoung (d. 1791), Abahdoneo.

paragraph: BULLET::::12. H.M. Queen (Myauk-nandaw Mibura II) Sri Maha Ratna Devi, Men Nu, Princess of Kyaukmho, Tsampanogo and Badon 5 Yuwa Myosa Mibura (b. 1765; d. at Zeedo, Maungmo, 10 July 1812), received Badon 5 Yuwa in fief 31 May 1810, sister of Shwedaik Wun.

paragraph: BULLET::::13. his half-sister, H.M. Queen Men Nyo Mya, Sri Suriya Mala Devi, Peen Mibura, younger daughter of H.M. Sri Pawara Vijaya Nanda Jatha Maha Dharma Rajadhiraja Alaung Min Thaya Gyi Alaungpaya Aungjaya, King of Burma.

paragraph: BULLET::::14. H.M. Queen (Taungsaundaw-shwe-ye Mibura) Sri Maha Mangala Devi, Men Aung, Dellah and Denubya Myosa Mibura, a Shan lady.

paragraph: BULLET::::15. H.M. Queen (Myauk-shwe-ye Mibura or Yesaun) Sri Suriya Dharma Devi or Sri Maha Dharma Devi, Men Woot, Landaik, Hlaethal, Kama and Aniyeen Myosa Mibura (d. at Meengun, 1811), a Shan lady. Former wet nurse to King Sagaing.

paragraph: BULLET::::16. 1781, Sri Tilaka Devi, Mongmit, Thanteban and Sagu Myosa Mibura (d. at Mengoon, 1795), daughter of the Saopha of Mongmit.

paragraph: BULLET::::17. ca. 1782, Myat Swa, Men Mauk, granddaughter of the King of Ayudhya (Siam), widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::18. ca. 1782, Princess Men Anbaing, daughter of the Emperor of Annam, widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::19. ca. 1782, Princess Men Theesa, daughter of the King of Ayudhya (Siam), widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::20. ca. 1782, Princess Kheetha, Men Akhwun, daughter of Prince of Ayudhya (Siam), widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::21. ca. 1782, Princess Men Chandra, daughter of the Yuvaraja of Manipur, widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::22. ca. 1782, Shin Min Few, daughter of a Burmese official, widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::23. ca. 1782, Shin Hooja, daughter of a Burmese official, widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::24. ca. 1782, Shin Nujathuwot, granddaughter of the Athy Wungyi, widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::25. ca. 1782, Shin Goung, daughter of a Burmese official, widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::26. ca. 1782, Princess Men Tafanbween (d. 1813), daughter of the King of Ayudhya (Siam), widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::27. ca. 1782, Princess Men Tara, daughter of the Great Deputy King of Ayudhya (Siam), widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::28. ca. 1782, Men Tara, daughter of the Saopha of Manlong, widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::29. ca. 1782, Princess Men Mala, daughter of the King of Ayudhya (Siam), widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::30. ca. 1782, Men Sandaya, widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::31. ca. 1782, Wunna, Men Zowool, granddaughter of the King of Ayudhya (Siam), widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::32. ca. 1782, Kalya, Men Thwolsa (d. 1815), granddaughter of the King of Ayudhya (Siam), widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::33. ca. 1782, Theetha, widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::34. ca. 1782, Mala, daughter of the Maharaja of Assam, widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::35. ca. 1782, Maing Bhoung, daughter of the Mainphoung ruler, widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::36. ca. 1782, a daughter of the Kyaingtung Sawbwa, widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::37. ca. 1782, Khu Jaya, widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::38. 14 Aug 1782, a princess from Mongnawng.

paragraph: BULLET::::39. Sri Suriya Mangala Devi, Zoloop and Kanaung Myosa Mibura, sister of the Attee Wungyi.

paragraph: BULLET::::40. Sri Devi, Tegyeentan Yuwa Myosa Mibura, daughter of the Mogoung Sawbwa.

paragraph: BULLET::::41. Sri Nanda Mahay Sri, Hlaing Det Myosa Mibura (cre. 16 July 1787), previously Amyint Myosa Mibura.

paragraph: BULLET::::42. Mallavati, Shin Win Byu (d. 1788), daughter of the Zarup Wun.

paragraph: BULLET::::43. Kolottaw Shin Yaing (d. 1789), daughter of the Ngesanyun.

paragraph: BULLET::::44. at the Royal Palace, Amarapura, Mandalay, 20 October 1790, H.M. Queen (Anaukhan Mibura) Sri Maha Gandhara Devi (cre 20 October 1790), Taku Nyin (b. ca. 1775; d. 1815), elde daughter of Kyi Ta Law Ye, a Chinese lady supposedly the granddaughter of the Emperor of China.

paragraph: BULLET::::45. at the Royal Palace, Amarapura, Mandalay, 20 October 1790, Sri Maha Pinsala Devi (cre 20 October 1790), Aku Nyin (b. ca. 1776), sister of Taku Nyin, and second daughter of Kyi Ta Law Ye.

paragraph: BULLET::::46. at the Royal Palace, Amarapura, Mandalay, 20 October 1790, Sri Maha Gandha Chandra Devi (cre 20 October 1790), Tang Ku Nyin, Taungbaing Myosa Mibura (b. ca. 1777; d. 1838), sister of Taku Nyin, and younger daughter of Kyi Ta Law Ye.

paragraph: BULLET::::47. Men Meing (d. 1791), daughter of the Kyaungtung Sawbwa, widow of a former king.

paragraph: BULLET::::48. Sri Suriya Ratna Devi, Men Si Si, Meittila Myosa Mibura (d. at Mingun, 1793), granddaughter of King Maha Dharmaraja Adipati Hansawaddy Yauk Min Thaya Gyi, the la King of Ava.

paragraph: BULLET::::49. (div. 1794) Sri Mangala Mahay, Shin Min Bew, Danubyu Myosa Mibura (cre. 11 Aug 1783), daughter of the Daing Wun.

paragraph: BULLET::::50. Ketha, Shin Ye (d. 1795), daughter of the Rajawei Bo.

paragraph: BULLET::::51. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 6 July 1797 (div. 1817) H.M. Queen (Mogoung Mibura) Sri Maha Vimala Devi Champavati, Vesali Myosa Mibura, daughter of an Assamese jeweler presented by the Maharaja of Assam as his own daughter.

paragraph: BULLET::::52. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 4 March 1798, a bride from Nge Daung*.

paragraph: BULLET::::53. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 14 June 1798, a bride from Mong Sit*.

paragraph: BULLET::::54. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 20 December 1798, a bride from Vesali (Assam)*.

paragraph: BULLET::::55. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 20 December 1798, a second bride from Vesali (Assam)*.

paragraph: BULLET::::56. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 20 December 1798, athi bride from Vesali (Assam)*.

paragraph: BULLET::::57. at Amarapura, Mandalay, May 1801, Mi Tha, Apyadaw.

paragraph: BULLET::::58. Sri Vati, Shin Myat Thwu, Zalun Myosa Mibura (d. 1802), daughter of the Athy Wungyi.

paragraph: BULLET::::59. Shin Say, Chandravati, Naungan Myosa Mibura (d. 1805), daughter of the Shing Wun.

paragraph: BULLET::::60. Kolottaw Shin Min Hla, Sri Dhama (d. 1805), daughter of the Sri Shwe Daung.

paragraph: BULLET::::61. Sri Suriya Jaya Mahay, Zalun Myosa Mibura (d. 1806), daughter of Morren Iswara of Manipur.

paragraph: BULLET::::62. Anya, Shin Min (d. 1806), daughter of a junior official.

paragraph: BULLET::::63. Kolottaw Shin Thu, Thu Yali (d. 1806), daughter of the Kyaukse Sarey.

paragraph: BULLET::::64. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 11 April 1806, Mani Suriyavamsa Padma, Princess of Mong Tien (Mongtung?) (b. 1789).

paragraph: BULLET::::65. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 1806, a daughter of Ko Hse, Sawbwa of Chauk Taung*.

paragraph: BULLET::::66. Shin Myatt, Thu Dhama, Thebyehla Yuwasa (d. 1807), daughter of Min Du Si.

paragraph: BULLET::::67. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 10 April 1807, a bride from Manipur*.

paragraph: BULLET::::68. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 25 April 1807, another bride from Manipur*.

paragraph: BULLET::::69. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 8 May 1807, a daughter of the Chularaja of Manipur*.

paragraph: BULLET::::70. Sri Suriya Hema, Shin Du, Nebetkyo Yuwasa (d. 1808), daughter of a Burmese official.

paragraph: BULLET::::71. Kolottaw Shin Hnin Wu, Mangala Mahay (d. at Amarapura, Mandalay, before 7 December 1810), daughter of the Inma Thungyi.

paragraph: BULLET::::72. Sri Chandra Mahay Thee, Zenangyaung Myosa Mibura (d. 1813), daughter of the Ayudhya (Siam) Wun.

paragraph: BULLET::::73. Sri Suriya Moha, Shin Bwin, Manta Yuwasa (d. 1813), daughter of a Burmese official.

paragraph: BULLET::::74. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 29 May 1813, a bride from Mong Mao*.

paragraph: BULLET::::75. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 5 November 1814, another bride from Mong Mao*.

paragraph: BULLET::::76. Shin Mu, Sri Prabhavati, Hitseingyi Myosa Mibura, Thitseingyi Yuwasa (d. 1815), daughter of the Deva Shwe Daung.

paragraph: BULLET::::77. a daughter (d. 1815) of the Veedehee Raja, a Hindu.

paragraph: BULLET::::78. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 4 September 1815, a bride from Mong Pei*.

paragraph: BULLET::::79. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 4 September 1815, a bride from Mong Tei*.

paragraph: BULLET::::80. at Amarapura, Mandalay, 24 July 1816, another bride from Vesali (Assam)*.

paragraph: BULLET::::81. Sri Theinkha Mahay Thee, Sawhla Myosa Mibura, daughter of the Maharaja of Assam.

paragraph: BULLET::::82. Sri Ratna Mahay Thee, Shin Min Hla, Maddara Myosa Mibura, Thonze Myosa, daughter of the Sri Kyodoo or the Zorup Myosa.

paragraph: BULLET::::83. Sri Gusia Mahay, Pauk Mibura, Paun Myaing Myosa, former wife of King Singusa, and daughter of the Kaingma Sawbwa.

paragraph: BULLET::::84. Sri Wunna Mahay, Sawhla Myosa Mibura, daughter of the Saopha of Mongmit.

paragraph: BULLET::::85. Sri Mala Mahay, Naemhyagyi Myosa Mibura, Pyogyi Yuwasa, daughter of the Saopha of Mongnai.

paragraph: BULLET::::86. Sri Myat Swa Mahay, Katha Myosa Mibura (d. before 8 December 1825), daughter of the Mingyi Jayathu.

paragraph: BULLET::::87. Shin Min Pu, Sri Suriya Mangala, Zwabugyi Myosa Mibura, daughter of the Shwe Khun Mho.

paragraph: BULLET::::88. Sri Myat Mahay, Nanda, Theranka Myosa Mibura, daughter of the Saopha of Hsenwi.

paragraph: BULLET::::89. Kolottaw Shin Min Kyut, Sri Nanda, Moungtwin Yuwasa, daughter of the Shingkhedain Wun.

paragraph: BULLET::::90. Myat Swa Mahay, Shin Wu, Sri Suriya, Hlaethat Myosa Mibura (d. at Ratnapura, Mandalay, 1861).

paragraph: BULLET::::91. Kolottaw Shin Shwe Wu, Sri Mangala, daughter of a Burmese official.

paragraph: BULLET::::92. Kolottaw Shin Shwe, Nanda Sri, Lapo Yuwasa, daughter of Wudaing Sri Sithu.

paragraph: BULLET::::93. Thu Kela, Shin Min Bu, Shwegondaing Myosa Mibura, and Imbaung 5 Yuwasa (d. at Mandalay, 18 February 1892), daughter of a junior official.

paragraph: BULLET::::94. Kolottaw Shin Madhu, Antha Sri, daughter of the Ngekhwoe of Janggolo.

paragraph: BULLET::::95. Hema, Shin Young, daughter of the Ngetwei of Myethaya Street, Amarapura.

paragraph: BULLET::::96. Shin Mhoe Tha, Thu Tha Kha, Kanaungkain Yuwasa, daughter of Min Du Si.

paragraph: BULLET::::97. Thu Sita, Shin Wu Khya, Thebetshwe Yuwasa, daughter of Min Du Si.

paragraph: BULLET::::98. Sri Nanda, Thebe Myosa Mibura, previously Kolottaw Shin Min (d. 1859), daughter of the Natkan Min Si.

paragraph: BULLET::::99. Sri Chandra, Shin Bween, Shingazu Keensa.

paragraph: BULLET::::100. Dharma, Shin Nyeing, Myothit Kadousa.

paragraph: BULLET::::101. Thuya, Shin Koung, sister of Raja Kyothu.

paragraph: BULLET::::102. (div.) Sri Andara, Shin Gyi, Shwegun Yuwasa, daughter of the Wailoo Kyaw Htin.

paragraph: BULLET::::103. Kolottaw Mala, Shin Min Byew, daughter of the Sittaung Myothugyi.

paragraph: BULLET::::104. Mura, Shin Myat Mho, sister of the Laikha Kyaw Suriya.

paragraph: BULLET::::105. Sri Wunna, Shin Khwoe, daughter of the Meknan Wun.

paragraph: BULLET::::106. Kella, Kolottaw Shin Aung, a relation of the Maharaja of Manipur.

paragraph: BULLET::::107. Vaisa, Shin Hmin, a lady from Manipur.

paragraph: BULLET::::108. Khuja, Shin Da, a lady from Manipur.

paragraph: BULLET::::109. Gandha, Shin Yeik, a lady from Manipur.

paragraph: BULLET::::110. Shin Geing, a lady from Manipur.

paragraph: BULLET::::111. Shin Nindu, a lady from Manipur.

paragraph: BULLET::::112. Shin Hni Nya, a lady from Manipur.

paragraph: BULLET::::113. (div.) Thadha, Shin Min Da, daughter of the Tovey Tsikey.

paragraph: BULLET::::114. Nanda, Shin The Tha, Thegyi Yuwasa.

paragraph: BULLET::::115. Sri Suriya Chandra, Shin Da, daughter of the Dheenyawaddy Wun.

paragraph: BULLET::::116. Kolottaw Sri Suriya Kela, Shin Nyun, Kyauktalon Myosa Mibura, daughter of Amhaye.

paragraph: BULLET::::117. Shin Min Nyo, Sri Suriya Prabha, Legyi Yuwasa, daughter of a Siamese prince.

paragraph: BULLET::::118. Sri Thu Mutla, Shin Min Pu, Zeen, Yuwathidkee, and Pegwey Yuwasa, a relation of the King of Ayudhya (Siam).

paragraph: BULLET::::119. Ratna Sri, Shin Shwe Bween, Myaunghla Myosa Mibura, daughter of the Wungyi Sado Sri Maha Vijana.

paragraph: BULLET::::120. (div.) Sri Suriya Dharma, Shi Shwe Da, Samun Yuwasa, granddaughter of the Wungyi Sado Sri Maha Vijana.

paragraph: BULLET::::121. Sri Suriya Nanda, Sao Nang Hshin Sandi, daughter Sao Hsun Kung Hso Wai Hpa [Sao Hswe Hking or Kon Cheng], Saopha of Hsenwi.

paragraph: BULLET::::122. Sanda Sri, Sao Nang Hseng Santa, daughter of Sao Hsun Kung Hso Wai Hpa [Sao Hswe Hking or Kon Cheng], Saopha of Hsenwi.

paragraph: BULLET::::123. Sri Suriya Mala, Shin Shwe Kya, Kyaukyi Yuwasa, daughter of a soldier.

paragraph: BULLET::::124. Sri Suriya Ratna, Padaung Muni, Pyinzi Yuwasa (d. 1853), an Assamese, received Pyinzi in fief 11 November 1807.

paragraph: BULLET::::125. Sri Suriya Gandha, Zuppuri, Nyaungsauk Yuwasa, an Assamese.

paragraph: BULLET::::126. Sri Suriya Kella, Zibhadda, Thobo Yuwasa, an Assamese.

paragraph: BULLET::::127. (div.) Sri Suriya Sita, Shin Si, a merchant's daughter.

paragraph: BULLET::::128. Sri Suriya Wunna, Shin Min Byew, Shweginma Yuwasa, daughter of a merchant.

paragraph: BULLET::::129. Sri Suriya Kha, Shin Yung, Ngyun Yuwasa, daughter of a Burmese official.

paragraph: BULLET::::130. (div.) Sri Suriya Yinna, Shin Sa, daughter of a Burmese official.

paragraph: BULLET::::131. (div.) Sridiwatswa, Shin Pe, daughter of a Burmese official.

paragraph: BULLET::::132. Wunna Sri Suriya Varmakantha Shin Shwe, daughter of the Bharyo Sawbwa.

paragraph: BULLET::::133. Dharma Sri, daughter of the ruler of Champapathel.

paragraph: BULLET::::134. Mala Sri, Princess Dheinpiyanthi, daughter of the Maharaja of Manipur.

paragraph: BULLET::::135. Kotha Hla, daughter of the Saopha of Lawksawk.

paragraph: BULLET::::136. Men Pansa, daughter of the Maharaja of Manipur.

paragraph: BULLET::::137. Champavati, daughter of Mohnyin Sawbwa.

paragraph: BULLET::::138. the Thayaung Myosa Mibura, daughter of H.M. Shwedaungshin, Maha Thamada Raja, King of Arakan.

paragraph: BULLET::::139. Sri Suriya Padma, Muni Surivarna, daughter of the Saopha of Mongsit.

paragraph: BULLET::::140. another daughter of the Maharaja of Manipur.

paragraph: BULLET::::141. a daughter of the Moha Sing Raja of Manipur.

paragraph: BULLET::::142. a daughter of the Sandi Sawbwa.

paragraph: BULLET::::143. a daughter of the ruler of Khanti.

paragraph: BULLET::::144. a daughter of the Saopha of Longkeyin.

paragraph: BULLET::::145. a daughter of the ruler of Maingmo, "Theins lord" Tho Houng Phowa, a Shan.

paragraph: BULLET::::146. a granddaughter of the ruler of Maingmo, "Theins lord" Tho Houng Phowa, a Shan.

paragraph: BULLET::::147. a daughter of Boikanlasa Pownna Ming, a Brahmin.

paragraph: BULLET::::148. a daughter of the Thenggyi Raja, a Hindu.

paragraph: BULLET::::149. daughter of the Phema Sawbwa.

paragraph: BULLET::::150. Nanada Maha, daughter of the Mogong Sawbwa.

paragraph: BULLET::::151. Chandra Sri, daughter of the Saopha of Mong Nai.

paragraph: BULLET::::152. Jaya Sri, Shin Man, daughter of the Saopha of Singaling Hkamti (Zungsalen Sawbwa).

paragraph: BULLET::::153. Nutavati, Shin Aung Da, daughter of the Maingseit Bo.

paragraph: BULLET::::154. Sri Padma, Shin Min Da, a Burmese lady.

paragraph: BULLET::::155. Suriya Moutka, Shin Nyeing, daughter of the Akaukwun.

paragraph: BULLET::::156. Suriya Bhadda, Shin Wei, daughter of a Bo.

paragraph: BULLET::::157. Sri Bhad Da, Shin Min Hla, daughter of the Mahadanwun.

paragraph: BULLET::::158. Jaya Sri, Shin Min Gyi, daughter of the Bassein Wun.

paragraph: BULLET::::159. Suriya Mallah, Shin Yin, daughter of a commoner.

paragraph: BULLET::::160. Mala Sri, Shin Mu, daughter of the Anaukwun.

paragraph: BULLET::::161. Thuya Sri, Shin Min, daughter of the Norotka Mingyi.

paragraph: BULLET::::162. Ketha Sri, Shin Megna, daughter of the Shwe Daung Bollah.

paragraph: BULLET::::163. Sri Ratna, Shin Si, daughter of the Bassein Wun.

paragraph: BULLET::::164. Sri Ratna, Shin Khyeen, daughter of the Nakhara Kyoswa Norotka.

paragraph: BULLET::::165. Suriya Anya, Shin Amma, daughter of an official of the Ming Raja.

paragraph: BULLET::::166. Ketha, Shin Wu, daughter of a Burmese official.

paragraph: BULLET::::167. Suriya Chandra, Sjin Khu, daughter of the Meindoung Wun.

paragraph: BULLET::::168. Suriya Anya, Shin Amma, daughter of Yathey.

paragraph: BULLET::::169. Suriya Danda, Shin Mat Few, daughter of the Kaunghan Sarey.

paragraph: BULLET::::170. Mala, Shin Min Byew, daughter of a Burmese official.

paragraph: BULLET::::171. Sri Chandra, Shin Min Du, daughter of the Myowun.

paragraph: BULLET::::172. Meyu Sri, Shin Min Hla, daughter of the Legain Bo.

paragraph: BULLET::::173. Suriya Wunna, Shin Poung, daughter of Ngethwa, a commoner.

paragraph: BULLET::::174. Theing Kha, Shin Khey, daughter of an official from Maenda Keensa.

paragraph: BULLET::::175. Theing Kha, Shin Du, daughter of the Taingda Myosa.

paragraph: BULLET::::176. Suruya, Shin Khwoe, daughter of the Pagan Saregyi.

paragraph: BULLET::::177. Hema, Shin Kyi, daughter of a Thagwei.

paragraph: BULLET::::178. Bhadda, Shin Khua, daughter of a Burmese commoner.

paragraph: BULLET::::179. Leinya, Shin Min Byew, daughter of a Burmese butler.

paragraph: BULLET::::180. Kolottaw Neelabha, Shin Jan, a Burmese.

paragraph: BULLET::::181. Sita, Shin Ye, daughter of Minsi.

paragraph: BULLET::::182. Tha Kha, Shin Min Hla, daughter of a Burmese commoner.

paragraph: BULLET::::183. Ella, Shin Su, daughter of a Burmese commoner.

paragraph: BULLET::::184. Danda, Shin Wu, daughter of a Burmese commoner.

paragraph: BULLET::::185. Dha Oumma, Shin Min, daughter of the Hee Wun.

paragraph: BULLET::::186. Yuja, Shin Aung, daughter of a Burmese commoner.

paragraph: BULLET::::187. Nwei Tha, Shin Min Thowei, daughter of a Burmese commoner.

paragraph: BULLET::::188. Hlan Tha, Shin Min Thwun, daughter of Bo Jaya Norotka.

paragraph: BULLET::::189. Dan Tha, Shin Aim Thu, daughter of an official of the Sita Raja.

paragraph: BULLET::::190. Mala Sri, Shin Min Aung, daughter of a Burmese official.

paragraph: BULLET::::191. Sri Thuya, Shin Mya Yout, daughter of the Crown Prince's Saregyi.

paragraph: BULLET::::192. Sri Mala, Shin Nhoung, granddaughter of Myin Wungyi.

paragraph: BULLET::::193. Suriya Nandi, Shin Khe Nyo, daughter of a junior official.

paragraph: BULLET::::194. Suriya Muddi, Shin Khe Kew, daughter of a merchant.

paragraph: BULLET::::195. Thaddha, Shin Gu, daughter of the Min Wun.

paragraph: BULLET::::196. Thaddha, Shin Pu, daughter of Talkey.

paragraph: BULLET::::197. Dharma, Shin Thuya, daughter of a Burmese official.

paragraph: BULLET::::198. Nanda, Shin Hnin.

paragraph: BULLET::::199. Chandra, Shin Min Pu, a Martabanese from Salain.

paragraph: BULLET::::200. Suriya Kalyani, Shin Min.

paragraph: BULLET::::201. Thein Na, Shin Khwoe.

paragraph: BULLET::::202. Sri, Shin Khoung.

paragraph: BULLET::::203. Prabha, Shin Yin.

paragraph: BULLET::::204. Ketha, Shin Pan Wu.

paragraph: BULLET::::205. Mala, Shin Pan Yi.

paragraph: BULLET::::206. Hama, Shin Thu.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Koenig, William J. "The Burmese Polity, 1752–1819: Politics, Administration, and Social Organization in the early Kon-baung Period", Michigan Papers on South and Southeast Asia, Number 34, 1990.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lieberman, Victor B. " Political Consolidation in Burma Under the Early Konbaung Dynasty, 1752-c. 1820." "Journal of Asia History" 30.2 (1996): 152–168.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wanderings in Burma by George W Bird, 1897 F J Bright & Son, London, pp 316A, 318, 318A, 320A inc. old photos of Mingun by Signor Beaton of Mandalay

description: 1745-1819, sixth king of the Konbaung Dynasty of Burma.

wikidata_label: Bodawpaya

wikipedia_title: Bodawpaya


href: Syed Liaquatabad Karachi Killing%20of%20Wahidur%20Rahman

text:
Sayyid
Liaquatabad
Karachi
Killing of Wahidur Rahman

categories: Deaths by firearm in Pakistan,People murdered in Karachi,2013 deaths,Muhajir people,Deaths by person,Assassinated Pakistani people,2013 crimes in Pakistan,Targeted killings in Pakistan,People from Karachi

paragraph: Sibt-e-Jaafar Zaidi

paragraph: Sayyid Sibte Jaffar Hassan Zaidi () (born 1957) was a Pakistani professor, poet, advocate, principal, religious reciter, writer and social worker

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Sibt e Jaafar was killed by two people who were on a motorcycle in Liaquatabad, Karachi on 18 March 2013.

paragraph: On 4 April 2013, the two suspects were arrested in Karachi.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Killing of Wahidur Rahman

description: Scholar, Poet and Religious Vocalist

wikidata_label: Ustad Sibte Jaffar Zaidi

wikipedia_title: Sibt-e-Jaafar Zaidi


text:
FZS
MBOU
ornithologist
Natural History Museum
Sir Robert Way Harty, 1st Baronet
High Sheriff of Lincolnshire

categories: Fellows of the Zoological Society of London,High Sheriffs of Lincolnshire,English botanists,People from Cheshire,English ornithologists,1860 births,1941 deaths

paragraph: George Henry Caton Haigh

paragraph: George Henry Caton Haigh (1860 – 11 February 1941) FZS, MBOU, DL, was a world authority on Himalayan flowering trees and exotic plants. He was also a famous ornithologist and his manuscript collection is lodged in The Natural History Museum.

paragraph: He was the son of Emma-Jane Adelaide (1828–1919) and George Henry Haigh DL JP (1829–1887). His maternal grandfather was Sir Robert Way Harty, 1st Baronet.

paragraph: He was appointed High Sheriff of Lincolnshire for 1912.

description: British ornithologist

wikidata_label: George Henry Caton Haigh

wikipedia_title: George Henry Caton Haigh


text:
Colonel
President of Panama
National Patriotic Coalition
Daniel Chanis Pinzón
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Panama Canal
Arnulfo Arias
Omar Torrijos
President of Panama
José Ramón Guizado
Remon-Eisenhower Treaty

categories: 1955 deaths,1908 births,People murdered in Panama,Assassinated heads of state,Assassinated heads of government,Deaths by firearm in Panama,Assassinated Panamanian politicians,Presidents of Panama

paragraph: José Antonio Remón Cantera

paragraph: Colonel José Antonio Remón Cantera (11 April 1908 – 2 January 1955) was the 29th President of Panama, holding office from 1 October 1952 until his death in 1955. He belonged to the National Patriotic Coalition (CNP).

paragraph: He joined the National Police in 1931, becoming its chief in 1947. In this position, he was responsible for the coup against acting president Daniel Chanis Pinzón.

paragraph: Beginning in 1953, his administration began to negotiate amendments to the Panama Canal treaty with the U.S. administration of President Dwight D. Eisenhower. These negotiations led to an agreement, ratified in 1955, that substantially raised the annual annuity paid to Panama (from $430,000 to $1.9 million) and resulted in the handover of approximately $20 million in property from the Panama Canal Company to Panama.

paragraph: General José Remón was the man behind the scenes of several coups that ousted Dr. Arnulfo Arias from power, and arguably the true founder of the social reforming militarism that was later dubbed "Torrijismo" after General Omar Torrijos. "Neither millions nor almswe want justice" was Remón's most memorable statement of principles. Remón went on to be elected President of Panama in 1952.

paragraph: On 2 January 1955, Remón was ambushed at a race track and fired upon by three assailants armed with sub-machine guns. The incident took place at 7:30 pm; Remón died in hospital two hours later. Two other men were killed in the attack, including one of Remón's bodyguards.

paragraph: Section::::Murder investigation.

paragraph: The circumstances concerning Remón's death were mysterious. During the initial investigation, an American, Martin Irving Lipstein, was arrested, but later released when Rubén O. Miró, an attorney, confessed to the crime on 12 January 1955. Lipstein also had an alibi, with several witnesses having seen him in places far away from the racetrack at which Remón was killed (the Hipódromo Juan Franco), at about the same time.

paragraph: In his confession, Miró claimed that he had been acting on orders from José Ramón Guizado, who had succeeded Remón as president. Guizado was removed from his post and arrested on 15 January, and convicted of complicity on 29 March.

paragraph: He was sentenced to six years and eight months in jail, but was released in December 1957, after Miró and six other suspected perpetrators were acquitted.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Remon-Eisenhower Treaty

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Viewing the seating area from the track side, President Remon and his party were seated at two of three occupied tables at the top of the center shaded seating stand. President Remon was seated at the 11:00 O'clock position, center table. The assassins approached the area from three angles. One came straight from the President's left side. A second gunman approached straight up through the seating stand. The third came from below and to the right of the President. When they all opened fire the people at the three tables were all hit and either were killed outright or wounded. Remon and his bodyguards were all killed though Remon died later at the hospital. Also among those casualties that Sunday evening was the young senior lifeguard for the Albrook AFB swimming pool. (GPHolk. 2 Jan 1955, I was there. Only eight years old but a day I wouldn't ever forget. My mother happened to love horse racing her whole life. I knew our life guard personally. The other sad note was that the occupants of the third table were not part of the President's retinue at all.)

description: President of Panama

wikidata_label: José Antonio Remón Cantera

wikipedia_title: José Antonio Remón Cantera


text:
Provence
queen of France
Robert II of France
William I
count of Provence
Adelaide-Blanche of Anjou
Fulk II of Anjou
William II of Provence
divorce
Bertha of Burgundy
Provençal
Fulk Nerra
Pope Sergius IV
consanguineous
Pope Gregory V
staff
Henry
Robert
Fulbert, bishop of Chartres
Burgundy
Dreux
dower
Poissy
Pontoise
Le Puiset
Saint-Denis Basilica
Advisa, Countess of Auxerre
Renaud I of Nevers
Hugh Magnus
Henri
Adela, Countess of Contenance
Richard III of Normandy
Baldwin V of Flanders
Robert I, Duke of Burgundy

categories: Burials at the Basilica of St Denis,1032 deaths,986 births,French queens consort,10th-century French women,11th-century French women,10th-century French people,House of Capet,Duchesses of Burgundy

paragraph: Constance of Arles

paragraph: Constance of Arles (c. 986 – 28 July 1032), also known as Constance of Provence, was queen of France as the third spouse of King Robert II of France.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Born Constance was the daughter of William I, count of Provence and Adelaide-Blanche of Anjou, daughter of Fulk II of Anjou. She was the half-sister of Count William II of Provence. Constance was married to King Robert, after his divorce from his second wife, Bertha of Burgundy. The marriage was stormy; Bertha's family opposed her, and Constance was despised for importing her Provençal kinfolk and customs. Robert's friend, Hugh of Beauvais, count palatine, tried to convince the king to repudiate her in 1007. Possibly at her request 12 knights of her kinsman Fulk Nerra then murdered Beauvais in 1008.

paragraph: In 1010 Robert went to Rome, followed by his former wife Bertha, to seek permission to divorce Constance and remarry Bertha. Pope Sergius IV was not about to allow a consanguineous marriage which had been formally condemned by Pope Gregory V and Robert had already repudiated two wives. So the request was denied. After his return according to one source Robert "loved his wife more."

paragraph: In 1022, a trial accused clergy members of heresy--Constance's previous confessor Stephen included, Robert had his wife Queen Constance stand at the door to prevent any mob violence. However, as the condemned clerics left the trial the queen "struck out the eye of Stephen... with the staff which she carried". This was seen as Constance venting her frustration at anyone subverting the prestige of the crown.

paragraph: At Constance's urging, her eldest son Hugh Magnus was crowned co-king alongside his father in 1017. But later Hugh demanded his parents share power with him, and rebelled against his father in 1025. Constance, however, on learning of her son's rebellion was furious with him, rebuking him at every turn. At some point Hugh was reconciled with his parents but shortly thereafter died, probably about age eighteen. The royal couple was devastated; there was concern for the queen’s mental health due to the violence of her grief.

paragraph: Robert and Constance quarrelled over which of their surviving sons should inherit the throne; Robert favored their second son Henry, while Constance favored their third son, Robert. Despite his mother's protests and her support by several bishops, Henry was crowned in 1027. Constance, however, was not graceful when she didn't get her way. The ailing Fulbert, bishop of Chartres told a colleague that he could attend the ceremony "if he traveled slowly to Reims—but he was too frightened of the queen to go at all".

paragraph: Constance encouraged her sons to rebel, and they began attacking and pillaging the towns and castles belonging to their father. Son Robert attacked Burgundy, the duchy he had been promised but had never received, and Henry seized Dreux. At last King Robert agreed to their demands and peace was made which lasted until the king's death.

paragraph: King Robert died on 20 July 1031. Soon afterwards Constance fell ill; she was at also at odds with both her surviving sons. Constance seized her dower lands and refused to surrender them. Henry fled to Normandy, where he received aid, weapons and soldiers from his brother Robert. He returned to besiege his mother at Poissy but Constance escaped to Pontoise. She only surrendered when Henry began the siege of Le Puiset and swore to slaughter all the inhabitants.

paragraph: Constance died after passing out following a coughing fit on 28 July 1032 and was buried beside her husband Robert at Saint-Denis Basilica.

paragraph: Section::::Children.

paragraph: Constance and Robert had six children:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Advisa, Countess of Auxerre (–after 1063), married Count Renaud I of Nevers

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Hugh Magnus, co-king (–17 September 1026)

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Henri (17 May 1008 – 4 August 1060)

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Adela, Countess of Contenance (1009 – 8 January 1079), married (1) Duke Richard III of Normandy (2) Count Baldwin V of Flanders

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Robert I, Duke of Burgundy (1011–21 March 1076)

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Eudes (1013–1056)

paragraph: Section::::Additional resources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jessee, W. Scott. "A missing Capetian princess: Advisa, daughter of King Robert II of France" (Medieval Prosopography), 1990

paragraph: BULLET::::- Moore, R. I. "The Birth of Popular Heresy", 1975.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lambert, Malcolm. "Medieval Heresy: Popular Movements from the Gregorian Reform to the Reformation", 1991, 9 - 17.

description: Frankish Queen

wikidata_label: Constance of Arles

wikipedia_title: Constance of Arles


text:
Mori Yoshinari
Mino
Mori Clan
Seiwa Genji
Oda Nobunaga
koku
Takeda Katsuyori
Iwamura Castle
Honnō-ji Incident
seppuku
nanshoku tradition
Edo period
Mori Yoshinari
Mori Nagayoshi
Mori Tadamasa
Mori Bōmaru
Mori Rikimaru
Kuniyoshi
Yoshitoshi
Toshihide
kabuki
Tsuruya Namboku IV's
Akira Kurosawa's
Kagemusha
Taiga drama
Eiji Yoshikawa's
Hyouge Mono
A Chef of Nobunaga
Samurai Warriors
Sengoku Basara
Pokémon Conquest
Nobunaga the Fool
tokusatsu
Kamen Rider Gaim
KAT-TUN's
The Wallflower
Ranmaru Mori
Pokémon Conquest
Maplestory

categories: Oda retainers,Seppuku,People of Sengoku-period Japan,Samurai,16th-century LGBT people,1565 births,1582 deaths,Shudo,Japanese pages,Suicides by sharp instrument in Japan

paragraph: Mori Ranmaru

paragraph: , also known as Mori Naritoshi (森 成利), was the son of Mori Yoshinari, and had 5 brothers in total, from the province of Mino. He was a member of the Mori Clan, descendants of the Seiwa Genji.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: From an early age, Ranmaru was an attendant to Oda Nobunaga. Recognized for his talent, loyalty, and unusual beauty, he was appointed to a responsible post. At Ōmi, he was given 500 koku, and after Takeda Katsuyori's death, he was awarded the 50,000 koku at Iwamura Castle. Ranmaru and his younger brothers perished defending Oda Nobunaga during the Honnō-ji Incident. Ranmaru's bravery and devotion is remembered throughout history, and especially during the Edo period because of his decision to commit seppuku and follow Nobunaga in death.

paragraph: Oda and Mori's lord-vassal relationship followed the nanshoku tradition - an intimate relationship - and was widely admired in Japan for its strength. In "nanshoku" literature of the Edo period, it was widely understood that Oda and Mori had a sexual relationship that was commonly found in those times.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Father: Mori Yoshinari (1523–1570)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brothers:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mori Nagayoshi (1558–1584)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mori Tadamasa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mori Bōmaru (1566–1582)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mori Rikimaru (1567–1582)

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: Ranmaru has often been the subject of works of art since the Edo period, and continues to be seen in various forms of modern fictional media today. Due to admiration for his loyalty, Ranmaru has been depicted as a loyal page of Nobunaga in various works of classical Japanese art. Such works include ukiyo-e prints by artists such as Kuniyoshi, Yoshitoshi, and Toshihide. He has also been a character in kabuki plays such as Tsuruya Namboku IV's "Toki-ha Ima Kikyô no Hataage".

paragraph: In most modern media his portrayal as a loyal servant to Nobunaga is generally continued. Such portrayals are in historical drama films and television programs such as Akira Kurosawa's "Kagemusha" and various Taiga dramas, in novels such as Eiji Yoshikawa's "Taiko", in manga such as "Hyouge Mono" and "A Chef of Nobunaga", and in video games such as "Samurai Warriors, Sengoku Basara", and "Pokémon Conquest". He is occasionally portrayed as a woman, for instance in the stage play and anime series "Nobunaga the Fool" and the tokusatsu series "Kamen Rider Gaim". Ranmaru has also been the subject of modern music, such as KAT-TUN's "1582" which is written from the perspective of Mori Ranmaru at the Incident at Honnouji.

paragraph: There is a character in "The Wallflower" known as Ranmaru Mori, as well as a character in "Pokémon Conquest" going by the name of Ranmaru, who serves under Nobunaga's command. There is also a boss in Maplestory sharing the same name.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ota Gyuichi. "The Chronicle of Lord Nobunaga". Brill Academic Press (2011).

alias:
Hori Ranmaru Nagayasu
Mori Ranmaru Nagasada

description: Japanese samurai

wikidata_label: Mori Ranmaru

wikipedia_title: Mori Ranmaru


text: Judge

text: Soviet-imposed communism

text: Poland

text: Institute of National Remembrance

text: extermination camp

text: Majdanek

text: Treblinka

text: occupied Poland

text: Operation Reinhard

text: the Holocaust

text: affidavit

text: Treblinka extermination camp

text: Arbeitslager

text: Final Solution

text: Encyclopedia of the Holocaust

text: Britannica

text: Nowa Encyklopedia Powszechna PWN

text: Wolfgang Scheffler

text: Majdanek concentration camp

text: Operation Erntefest

text: International Military Tribunal

text: Majdanek concentration camp

text: Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy

text: Majdanek trials

categories: Polish historians,Polish judges,Date of birth unknown

paragraph: Zdzisław Łukaszkiewicz

paragraph: Judge Zdzisław Łukaszkiewicz was a member of the Main Commission for the Investigation of Nazi Crimes in Poland () upon the conclusion of World War II. The Commission has been replaced, upon the collapse of the Soviet-imposed communism in Poland, with the government-affiliated Institute of National Remembrance (IPN) serving similar purpose at present. Łukaszkiewicz was the author of the first historical research into the Nazi German extermination camps including Majdanek and Treblinka, on the territory of occupied Poland during the genocidal Operation Reinhard of the Holocaust.

paragraph: Section::::Holocaust research.

paragraph: Łukaszkiewicz conducted his research at the time when virtually nothing was known about the scale and the exact way in which these atrocities were committed. He published his first findings already in 1946 along with the results of legal and medical inquiries, sworn affidavits of land surveyor T. Trautsolt, Dr H. Wakulicz, the evidence collected by railway workers but most importantly, the testimonies of former prisoners of Treblinka extermination camp who managed to survive the revolt and took part in the Commission's forensic work. Łukaszkiewicz examined the selected graves exhumed at Treblinka I "Arbeitslager". His estimate of the total number of the victims of gassing was based on the already proven record of 156 transports with an average of 5,000 prisoners each. Many published results of his enquiries are still considered paramount to the understanding of the Final Solution, even though some specifics have also been revised by modern science. Łukaszkiewicz is being quoted by the Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, the Britannica Polish edition, and the Polish Nowa Encyklopedia Powszechna PWN among others. Also, many professional historians including Wolfgang Scheffler and Czesław Rajca used his publications as the source of pertinent data.

paragraph: Section::::Holocaust research.:Challenges.

paragraph: Łukaszkiewicz was the first Polish researcher to study the 1943 massacre committed at the Majdanek concentration camp under the codename Operation Erntefest. The more substantial revisions to his early research (published in 1948) have been made only in the 1960s and 1970s, when the first testimonies of the Holocaust perpetrators appeared in German court documents during trials.

paragraph: Although his research was further revised by Holocaust scholars, Łukaszkiewicz was the first Polish scientist to challenge the evidence for the prosecution submitted in 1946 by the Soviets at the International Military Tribunal (IMT) at Nuremberg. The completely unrealistic estimate of 1.5 million people murdered at the Majdanek concentration camp was based on the theoretical capacity of Majdanek coke-fueled crematoria. This number claimed by the Soviet-led Special Commission was lowered by Łukaszkiewicz by over one million victims based on his own evidence, down to 360,000 which – at that particular time – constituted a challenge requiring a substantial amount of personal integrity.

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Obóz zagłady Treblinka" (The Extermination Camp Treblinka) by Zdzisław Łukaszkiewicz, a thirty-page article in: Biuletyn Głównej Komisji Badania Zbrodni Hitlerowskich w Polsce, I, 1946.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Obóz straceń w Treblince" by Zdzisław Łukaszkiewicz (book), published by Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1946 in Polish, 5 editions,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hitlerowskie obozy koncentracyjne" (Nazi Concentration Camps) by Zdzisław Łukaszkiewicz (book), published by Polski Instytut Spraw Międzynarodowych, 1955 in Polish, 3 editions

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Regulamin czynności sądów wojewódzkich i powiatowych w sprawach cywilnych i karnych" by Z. Łukaszkiewicz with Tadeusz Górski; Janusz Pietrzykowski [u.a.] (book), 1 edition published in 1956 in Polish

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chuligaństwo" by Z. Łukaszkiewicz with J. Sawicki, G. Auscaler, A. Pawełczyńska, T. Cyprian. Ed. by J. Sawicki (book), 1 edition published in 1956 in Polish

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Obóz koncentracyjny i zagłady Majdanek" by Zdzisław Łukaszkiewicz (book), Biuletyn Głównej Komisji Badania Zbrodni Niemieckich” 1948, vol. 4, in Polish,

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Majdanek trials

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ghetto Fighters' House, Death camp forensic investigations (1), Poland (historic photograph), Internet Archive 2007.

description: Polish Holocaust historian

wikidata_label: Zdzisław Łukaszkiewicz

wikipedia_title: Zdzisław Łukaszkiewicz


text:
Earl Slick
David Johansen
David Johansen album

categories: Living people,Year of birth missing (living people)

paragraph: Jimmie Mack

paragraph: Jimmie Mack is an American rock singer and songwriter.

paragraph: Mack was a singer with the Earl Slick Band, and wrote most of Earl Slick's guitar-led material. In 1977, Mack cut a debut solo LP. He also provided backing vocals for rock musician David Johansen on his David Johansen album in 1978.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Earl Slick Band" (Songwriter, Lead Vocalist, Guitar) 1975

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Earl Slick Band Razor Sharp" (Songwriter, Lead Vocalist, Guitar) 1976

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stunts" (Vocalist, film soundtrack) 1977

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jimmie Mack" 1978

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jimmie Mack On The Corner" 1979

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jimmie Mack & The Jumpers" 1980

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Earl Slick Band Live '76" (Songwriter, Lead Vocalist, Guitar) 2001

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Earl Slick Band Sick Trax" (Songwriter, Lead Vocalist, Guitar) 2002

description: American songeriter

wikidata_label: Jimmie Mack

wikipedia_title: Jimmie Mack


text: Revolutionaries

text: Philippine Revolution

text: Taal, Batangas

text: Santa Catalina College

text: Guardia Civil

text: Philippine Navy

text: Taal, Batangas

text: Philippine Revolution

categories: People of the Philippine Revolution,1929 deaths,1852 births

paragraph: Gliceria Marella de Villavicencio

paragraph: Doña Gliceria Legaspi Marella de Villavicencio (May 13, 1852 – September 28, 1929), also known as Aling Eriang, is acknowledged as one of the famous Filipinos who gave her own wealth, time, knowledge and effort to help the Revolutionaries during the Philippine Revolution.

paragraph: She is also recognized as a heroine of the Revolution, an ardent sympathizer and supporter of the Filipino struggle for freedom from colonial rule.

paragraph: During the proclamation of the Philippine Independence on June 12, 1898, Gliceria Marella Villavicencio was given the name "godmother of the revolutionary forces".

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Gliceria Marella Villavicencio was born on May 13, 1852 in Taal, Batangas. She was the third child of seven children and

paragraph: the daughter of Vicente Marella and Gertrudis Legaspi. They were a wealthy family. At the age of 12 she attended the Santa Catalina College in Intramuros. When Gliceria's elder sister died, she had to take on the responsibility of managing the family estate.

paragraph: In October 1871, Gliceria married Eulalio Villavicencio, a wealthy ship owner, who also came from a rich family. Together, Eulalio and Gliceria contributed a large portion of their fortune and effort to reinforce the Philippine Revolution. Casa villavicencio, a house on the hill top, was gifted to her as a wedding gift by her husband. The house is used as a place for refuge and as a secret meeting site for revolutionary leaders. When the Spaniards found out about the couples revolutionary activities, their house was frequently searched by the Guardia Civil, where later Eulalio was arrested on charges of sedition and inciting rebellion. Gliceria pleaded in Manila for her husband's release. Gliceria was given the offer from the Spaniards of having her husband released from prison in exchange for any secrets. However, she refused the offer despite her love for her husband. Eulalio was later finally released in 1898, but died after 3 months due to his degraded health in February 1898. The death of her husband had inflamed her passion for supporting the revolution against the Spaniards.

paragraph: Gliceria Marella Villavicencio used up many of her wealth to extend material aid to the "insurrectos" . Out of the many she had given, the most notable was the donation of her Ship, the SS Bulusan, which was used in transporting Filipino soldiers, armaments, ammunition, and food supplies for the maintenance of the revolutionary forces. It was the first warship made available to the revolutionaries.

paragraph: She was a founder of the Batallon Maluya, gave financial and moral support to the revolutionaries and continually provided food, clothing and ammunition to the soldiers. Her house became the secret meeting place of revolutionary leaders including Andres Bonifacio, General Miguel Malvar and General Marasigan.

paragraph: Gliceria Marella Villavicencio died on September 25, 1929. She had six children.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of historical markers in the Philippines

paragraph: BULLET::::- Philippine Navy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Taal, Batangas

paragraph: BULLET::::- Philippine Revolution

description: Filipino revolutionary

wikidata_label: Gliceria Marella de Villavicencio

wikipedia_title: Gliceria Marella de Villavicencio


text:
Dutch
explorer
diplomat
politician
Dutch East India Company
Australia
ambassador
Japan
Governor of Formosa
mayor
Hulster Ambacht
Hulst
Australia
Taiwan
Middelburg
Zeeland
Dutch Republic
Protestant
Antwerp
University of Leiden
doctorate
philosophy
Leiden
Orientalist
Erpenius
Moroccan
Low Countries
Al-Hajari
Dutch East India Company
't Gulden Zeepaert
Batavia
Australia
Albany, Western Australia
Ceduna, South Australia
François Thijssen
South Australia
Nuyts Archipelago
British
Matthew Flinders
Nuytsia floribunda
Governor of Formosa
Taiwan
Japan
Dutch East India Company
shōgun
Tokugawa Iemitsu
Nagasaki
native Formosans
Governor of Formosa
Fort Zeelandia
Anping
Zheng Zhilong
Koxinga
Sinkan
Mattau
Pacification Campaign
Spanish
their presence on Formosa
Tamsuy
Kelang
Dutch Formosa
Omura
Japanese era
Edo
Governor-General
Anthony van Diemen
Cicero
Seneca
Tacitus
elephant
Nile Delta
François Caron
Middelburg
Zeelandic Flanders
Hulst
wrested from the Spanish
Hulster Ambacht
Pieter
Koninklijke Bibliotheek
The Hague
Biography of Flinders Ranges Research

categories: Colonial governors of Dutch Formosa,Explorers of South Australia,People from Hulst,1655 deaths,Leiden University alumni,Sailors on ships of the Dutch East India Company,Mayors of places in the Netherlands,17th-century Dutch explorers,Explorers of Western Australia,People from Middelburg,1598 births

paragraph: Pieter Nuyts

paragraph: Pieter Nuyts or Nuijts (1598 – 11 December 1655) was a Dutch explorer, diplomat, and politician.

paragraph: He was part of a landmark expedition of the Dutch East India Company in 1626–27 which mapped the southern coast of Australia. He became the Dutch ambassador to Japan in 1627, and he was appointed Governor of Formosa in the same year. Later he became a controversial figure because of his disastrous handling of official duties, coupled with rumours about private indiscretions. He was disgraced, fined and imprisoned, before being made a scapegoat to ease strained Dutch relations with the Japanese. He returned to the Dutch Republic in 1637, where he became the mayor of Hulster Ambacht and of Hulst.

paragraph: He is chiefly remembered today in the place names of various points along the southern Australian coast, named for him after his voyage of 1626–27. During the early 20th century, he was vilified in Japanese school textbooks in Taiwan as an example of a "typical arrogant western bully".

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Pieter Nuyts was born in 1598 in the town of Middelburg in Zeeland, Dutch Republic to Laurens Nuyts, a merchant, and his wife Elisabeth Walraents, wealthy Protestant immigrants from Antwerp. After studying at the University of Leiden and gaining a doctorate in philosophy, he returned to Middelburg to work in his father's trading company.

paragraph: In 1613, Pieter Nuyts, who was staying in Leiden with the famous Orientalist Erpenius, is known to have met with the Moroccan envoy in the Low Countries Al-Hajari. Al-Hajari wrote for him an entry in Pieter's "Album Amicorum" stating:

paragraph: In 1620, Pieter married Cornelia Jacot, also a child of Antwerp émigrés, who was to bear four of his children—Laurens (born around 1622), Pieter (1624) and the twins Anna Cornelia and Elisabeth (1626). In 1626 he entered service with the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and was seen as one of their rising stars.

paragraph: Section::::Australian expedition.

paragraph: On 11 May 1626 the VOC ship "'t Gulden Zeepaert" ("The Golden Seahorse") departed from Amsterdam with Nuyts and his eldest son Laurens aboard. Deviating from the standard route to the VOC's East Asian Batavia headquarters, the ship continued east and mapped around 1,500 km of the southern coast of Australia from Albany, Western Australia to Ceduna, South Australia. The captain of the ship, François Thijssen, named the region "′t Landt van Pieter Nuyts" ("Pieter Nuyts' Land") after Nuyts, who was the highest-ranking official on the ship. Today several areas in the state of South Australia still bear his name, such as Nuyts's Reef, Cape Nuyts and the Nuyts Archipelago; names given by the British navigator and cartographer Matthew Flinders. Later "Nuytsia floribunda", the Western Australian Christmas Tree, was also named for him.

paragraph: Section::::Ambassador to Japan.

paragraph: On 10 May 1627, a month after completing his Australian voyage, Nuyts was simultaneously appointed both Governor of Formosa (Taiwan) and ambassador to Japan for the Dutch East India Company, travelling in this capacity to the court of the "shōgun" Tokugawa Iemitsu, ruler of Japan. At the same time Hamada Yahei, a Japanese trader based in Nagasaki with frequent business in Formosa, had taken a group of sixteen native Formosans to Japan and had them pose as rulers of Formosa. His plan was to have the Formosans grant sovereignty over Taiwan to the "shōgun", while Nuyts was in Japan to assert rival Dutch claims on the island. Both embassies were refused an audience with the "shōgun" (the Dutch failure being variously attributed to Nuyts's "haughty demeanour and the antics of his travel companions" and "Hamada's machinations at the court").

paragraph: Section::::Governor of Formosa.

paragraph: On returning from his unsuccessful mission to Japan, Nuyts took up his position as the third Governor of Formosa, with his residence in Fort Zeelandia in Tayouan (modern-day Anping). One of his early aims was to force an opening for the Dutch to trade in China — something which had eluded them since they arrived in East Asia in the early 17th century. To further this goal, he took the Chinese trade negotiator Zheng Zhilong hostage and refused to release him until he agreed to give the Dutch trading privileges. More than thirty years later it was to be Zheng's son Koxinga who ended the reign of the Dutch on Formosa.

paragraph: Nuyts acquired some notoriety while Governor for apparently taking native women to his bed, and having a translator hide under the bed to interpret his pillow-talk. He was also accused of profiting from private trade, something which was forbidden under company rules. Some sources claim that he officially married a native Formosan woman during this time, but as he was still legally married to his first wife Cornelia, this seems unlikely.

paragraph: His handling of relations with the natives of Formosa too was a cause for concern, with the residents of Sinkan contrasting his harsh treatment with the "generous hospitality of the Japanese". Nuyts had a low opinion of the natives, writing that they were "a simple, ignorant people, who know neither good nor evil". In 1629 he narrowly escaped death when after being feted at the aboriginal village of Mattau, the locals took advantage of the relaxed and convivial atmosphere to slaughter sixty off-guard Dutch soldiers—Nuyts was spared by having left early to return to Zeelandia. This incident was later used as a justification for the Pacification Campaign of 1635–36.

paragraph: It was during Nuyts' tenure as Governor that the Spanish established their presence on Formosa in 1629. He was greatly concerned by this development, and wrote to Batavia urgently requesting an expedition to dislodge the Spanish from their strongholds in Tamsuy and Kelang. In his letter he stressed the potential for the Spanish to interfere with Dutch activities and the trade benefits the Dutch could gain by taking the north of the island. The colonial authorities ignored his request, and took no action against the Spanish until 1641.

paragraph: Section::::Governor of Formosa.:Hostage crisis.

paragraph: The already troubled relations with Japanese merchants in Tayouan took a turn for the worse in 1628 when tensions boiled over. The merchants, who had been trading in Taiwan long before the Dutch colony was established, refused to pay Dutch tolls levied for conducting business in the area, which they saw as unfair. Nuyts exacted revenge on the same Hamada Yahei who he blamed for causing the failure of the Japanese embassy by impounding his ships and weapons until the tolls were paid. However, the Japanese were still not inclined to pay taxes, and the affair came to a head when Hamada took Nuyts hostage at knifepoint in his own office. Hamada's demands were for the return of their ships and property, and for safe passage to return to Japan. These requests were granted by the Council of Formosa (the ruling body of Dutch Formosa), and Nuyts' son Laurens was taken back to Japan as one of six Dutch hostages. Laurens died in Omura prison on 29 December 1631. During the Japanese era in Taiwan (1895–1945), school history textbooks retold the hostage-taking as the , portraying the Dutchman as a "typical arrogant western bully who slighted Japanese trading rights and trod on the rights of the native inhabitants".

paragraph: Section::::Extradition to Japan.

paragraph: The Dutch were very keen to resume the lucrative trade with Japan which had been choked off in the wake of the dispute between Nuyts and Hamada at the behest of the Japanese authorities in Edo. All their overtures to the Japanese court failed, until they decided to extradite Pieter Nuyts to Japan for the "shōgun" to punish him as he saw fit. This was an unprecedented step, and was representative of both the extreme official displeasure with Nuyts in the Dutch hierarchy and the strong desire to recommence Japanese trade. It also demonstrates the relative weakness of the Dutch when confronted by powerful East Asian states such as Japan, and recent historiography has suggested that the Dutch relied on the mercy of these states to maintain their position.

paragraph: A measure of the upset he caused to the Dutch authorities can be gauged by the contents of a letter from VOC Governor-General Anthony van Diemen to VOC headquarters in Amsterdam in 1636, expressing his concern about plans to send a highly paid lawyer to Batavia to draw up a legal code: Nuyts was held under house arrest by the Japanese from 1632 until 1636, when he was released and sent back to Batavia. During this period he passed the time by mining his collection of classical Latin texts by writers such as Cicero, Seneca, and Tacitus to write treatises on subjects such as the elephant and the Nile Delta, exercises which were designed to display rhetorical flair and high style. He also further annoyed Dutch authorities by spending lavish sums on clothing and food, things for which the VOC had to foot the bill.

paragraph: Nuyts was released from captivity in 1636, most likely due to the efforts of François Caron, who knew Nuyts from serving as his interpreter during the unsuccessful Japanese embassy of 1627. On returning from Japan, Nuyts was fined by the VOC, before being dishonorably dismissed from the company and sent back to the Netherlands.

paragraph: On returning to his home country he first went back to his city of birth Middelburg, before starting a career as a local administrator in Zeelandic Flanders, and settling in Hulst shortly after the town had been wrested from the Spanish in 1645. He eventually rose to be three times mayor of Hulster Ambacht and twice mayor of Hulst. Thanks to powerful allies in the Middelburg chamber of the VOC he was able to successfully appeal for the cancellation of the fines placed on him, and the money was returned. In 1640 he married Anna van Driel, who died that same year while giving birth to Nuyts' third son, also called Pieter. In 1649 he married his third (or perhaps fourth) and final wife, Agnes Granier, who was to outlive him.

paragraph: Section::::Return to the Dutch Republic.:Death.

paragraph: Nuyts died on 11 December 1655 and was buried in a churchyard in Hulst. The tombstone remained until 1983, when it was destroyed during renovations of the church. After his funeral it was discovered that he had collected more taxes from his estates than he had handed over to the authorities; his son Pieter eventually repaid his father's debts. It was the younger Pieter who also arranged the posthumous publication of his father's treatise "Lof des Elephants", in 1670 — a single known copy of which still exists, in the Koninklijke Bibliotheek in The Hague.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lof des Elephants ("In Praise of the Elephant") - 1634 (1670)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beschrijvinge van Riviere Nylus in Aegypten ("Description of the River Nile in Egypt") - 1635

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography of Flinders Ranges Research

description: 3rd Governor of Formosa

wikidata_label: Pieter Nuyts

wikipedia_title: Pieter Nuyts


text:
Kamehameha I
Aliʻi Nui
Kalaniʻōpuʻu
Kalola Pupuka
Captain Cook
Keōua Kuahuula
middle ages

categories: Royalty of Hawaii (island),1760 births,1782 deaths

paragraph: Kīwalaʻō

paragraph: Kīwalaʻō (1760-1782) was the aliʻi nui of the Island of Hawaii in 1782 when he was defeated in battle and overthrown by Kamehameha I.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Kīwalaʻō was born in 1760 to Aliʻi Nui, Kalaniʻōpuʻu and his queen consort Kalola Pupuka. He was the eldest son of the ruler and was the heir apparent. While he was alive at the time of Captain Cook's arrival, he was not present and there is no foreign account of him.

paragraph: He is said to have been of a weak character while his half brother Keōua Kuahuula was the exact opposite and more comparable to the knights of the middle ages.

description: Ruler of the island of Hawaii in 1782 until killed by a warrior of Kamehameha I

wikidata_label: Kīwalaʻō

wikipedia_title: Kīwalaʻō


text: Dublin

text: Scottish

text: hereditary peer

text: Conservative Party

text: Sotheby's

text: Arts Council of England

text: Clan Chief

text: Clan Ruthven

text: Dublin

text: Ireland

text: Major

text: The Hon.

text: Patrick Hore-Ruthven

text: The 1st Baron Gowrie

text: Lady Gowrie

text: Pamela Margaret Fletcher

text: Major Derek Cooper

text: Malise Ruthven

text: heir apparent

text: Governor-General of Australia

text: Earl of Gowrie

text: courtesy title

text: Canberra

text: Eton

text: Balliol College, Oxford

text: Harvard University

text: Earldom of Gowrie

text: Gowrie

text: Perth

text: East Lothian

text: The 10th Lord Ruthven of Freeland

text: Castlemartin House and Estate

text: Kilcullen

text: County Kildare

text: Tony O'Reilly

text: Fitzwilliam Square

text: Wales

text: Ted Heath

text: Lord-in-waiting

text: Margaret Thatcher

text: Northern Ireland

text: Northern Ireland Office

text: Privy Council

text: Cabinet

text: Minister for the Arts

text: Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster

text: Sotheby's

text: Arts Council of England

text: National Lottery

text: Harvard

text: University College, London

text: Royal College of Art

text: Francis Bacon

text: Rory McEwen

text: Question Time

text: Elton John AIDS Foundation

text: Dr Rowan Williams

text: Sir Daniel Day-Lewis

text: Wilfred Owen

text: National Gallery of Ireland

text: Robert Lowell

text: Sir Magdi Yacoub

text: Royal Society of Literature

text: Farad Azima

text: Iran Heritage Foundation

text: Gräfin

text: Graf

text: Count

text: 1944 plot to assassinate Hitler

text: Robert Lowell

text: Magdi Yacoub

text: Josephine Hart

text: Edward Plunkett

text: Anglo-Irish

text: Lord Dunsany

categories: People educated at Eton College,Harvard University alumni,The London Magazine people,Conservative Party (UK) hereditary peers,Fellows of the Royal Society of Literature,People from County Dublin,Anglo-Scots,Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford,Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom,Northern Ireland Office junior ministers,Earls of Gowrie,1939 births,Barons Ruthven of Gowrie

paragraph: Grey Ruthven, 2nd Earl of Gowrie

paragraph: Alexander Patrick Greysteil Ruthven, 2nd Earl of Gowrie, (born in Dublin 26 November 1939), usually known as Grey Gowrie, is a Scottish hereditary peer. He was a Conservative Party politician for some years, including a period in the British Cabinet, and was later Chairman of Sotheby's and of the Arts Council of England. He has also published poetry. Lord Gowrie is the hereditary Clan Chief of Clan Ruthven.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Early life and education.

paragraph: Lord Gowrie was born in Dublin, Ireland, the elder son of Major The Hon. Patrick Hore-Ruthven, only surviving son of The 1st Baron Gowrie and his wife Lady Gowrie. His mother was Pamela Margaret Fletcher (who later married Major Derek Cooper). His younger brother is Malise Ruthven.

paragraph: His father was killed in action in 1942, at which point he became his grandfather's heir apparent. When his grandfather, who had been the Governor-General of Australia, was created Earl of Gowrie in 1945, he became known by the courtesy title Viscount Ruthven of Canberra. He was educated at Eton and Balliol College, Oxford, and later at Harvard University.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Titles.

paragraph: The young Lord Ruthven succeeded to the Earldom of Gowrie, named for the old Scottish area of Gowrie around Perth, on the death of his grandfather on 2 May 1955; at the same time he succeeded as the 2nd Viscount Ruthven of Canberra, and 2nd Baron Gowrie of Canberra and of Dirleton (East Lothian). On 16 April 1956, he further succeeded his great-uncle (his grandfather's elder brother) The 10th Lord Ruthven of Freeland as the 3rd Baron Ruthven of Gowrie (the Scottish lordship of Ruthven of Freeland passed instead via the female line). He matriculated his coat of arms in 1959.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Ireland and Wales.

paragraph: Lord Gowrie inherited Castlemartin House and Estate at Kilcullen, County Kildare, Ireland, from his great-aunt Sheelagh Blacker in 1967, and later sold it to Tony O'Reilly, to whom he also sold his Dublin home on Fitzwilliam Square. He lived partly in Ireland until 1983, and then moved to 'The Marches' region of Wales, while also maintaining a London residence for much of the period.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Political career.

paragraph: Lord Gowrie joined the Conservative front bench under Ted Heath in 1972 as a Lord-in-waiting, a post he held until 1974. He later served under Margaret Thatcher as Minister of State for Employment between 1979 and 1981, and as Minister of State for Northern Ireland between 1981 and 1983 at the Northern Ireland Office (NIO). In 1983 he was sworn of the Privy Council and entered the Cabinet as Minister for the Arts, which he remained until 1985. He was also Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster between 1984 and 1985. Despite being offered the post of Secretary of State for Education and Science he resigned from the Cabinet in 1985, stating that it was impossible for him to live in London on the £33,000 salary provided for the post.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Later career.

paragraph: After leaving government, Gowrie became Chairman of Sotheby's (1985–1994) and later of the Arts Council of England - described as "the appointment of a Scot, born in Ireland and living in Wales" to a key English post. At the Arts Council, he secured the role as a distributor of funds from the National Lottery.

paragraph: Gowrie lectured on English and American literature at Harvard and University College, London. He was Provost of the Royal College of Art. He also made a number of television appearances, including in documentaries on Francis Bacon, artist and British folk revivalist and blues pioneer Rory McEwen, and the National Theatre, as well as multiple episodes of "Question Time".

paragraph: Lord Gowrie is a patron of the Elton John AIDS Foundation. Together with Dr Rowan Williams and Sir Daniel Day-Lewis, he is a patron of the "Wilfred Owen Association", formed in 1989 to commemorate the life and work of the renowned World War I poet Wilfred Owen. He was also a founding director of the British Friends of the National Gallery of Ireland.

paragraph: Section::::Writings.

paragraph: Lord Gowrie published one volume of poetry in his 20s, "Postcard from Don Giovanni", after a period working as an assistant to American poet Robert Lowell, and later co-authored a book on British painting, "The Genius of British Painting", published in 1975.

paragraph: In the summer of 1999, having been diagnosed with a serious heart condition, he checked into Harefield Hospital, and, after a heart transplant, and a long recovery, left hospital in 2000; his health has remained frail since. He became friends with his principal surgeon, Sir Magdi Yacoub, and now chairs the institute named for him. Following his release from hospital, he published his first book of poetry for decades, "The Domino Hymn", which contains references to his illness - the title refers to the fact that he was a "domino patient," i.e. one who received a heart from a fellow patient undergoing a heart-and-lung transplant. He later also released "Third Day" with a mix of new and collected poetry.

paragraph: He was elected in 2003 a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature In January 2009, Grey Gowrie accepted Farad Azima's invitation to chair the Advisory Board of the Iran Heritage Foundation.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.:Family.

paragraph: Lord Gowrie married Alexandra Bingley, daughter of Colonel Robert Bingley, on 1 November 1962. They had one son:

paragraph: BULLET::::- (Patrick Leo) Brer Ruthven, Viscount Ruthven of Canberra (b. 4 February 1964). Database developer and musician. Brer Ruthven married Julie Goldsmith and had one son, Heathcote Patrick Cornelius Ruthven, born 28 May 1990.

paragraph: Lord Gowrie and Alexandra Bingley divorced in 1974.

paragraph: On 2 November 1974, Gowrie married Adelheid "Gräfin" von der Schulenburg (b. 24 October 1943), sixth and youngest child and fifth and youngest daughter of Fritz-Dietlof "Graf" von der Schulenburg (1902–10 August 1944), a German "Graf" (Count) and one of the leaders of the 1944 plot to assassinate Hitler, and his wife Charlotte Kotelmann.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.:Friends.

paragraph: Gowrie remained friends with Robert Lowell, his poetic mentor, and was a pallbearer at his funeral. As stated, he is also friends with the eminent surgeon Magdi Yacoub. He was also friends with writer and producer Josephine Hart and with Edward Plunkett, the Anglo-Irish painter, godfather to one of his sons, and purchaser of the Kent house of his famous grandfather, the writer Lord Dunsany.

alias: Earl of Gowrie Alexander Patrick Greysteil Ruthven

alias: Alexander Patrick Greysteil Ruthven, Earl of Gowrie

description: Earl of Gowrie

wikidata_label: Grey Ruthven, 2nd Earl of Gowrie

wikipedia_title: Grey Ruthven, 2nd Earl of Gowrie


text:
Viceroy of Kush
Ramesses IX
20th Dynasty
Nahihor
Amun-Ra
British Museum
Ramessesnakht
granite
Karnak
Cairo Museum
Jaroslav Černý

categories: 12th-century BC Egyptian people,Viceroys of Kush

paragraph: Wentawat

paragraph: Wentawat (also written as Wentawuat), was Viceroy of Kush under Ramesses IX, during the 20th Dynasty. He was a son of the Viceroy Nahihor.

paragraph: Wentawat's titles include: "King's son of Kush, overseer of the Gold Lands of Amun-Ra King of the Gods, Head of the stable of the Court. First of His Majesty" (i.e. charioteer), "Door-opener, Steward of Amun at Khnum-Weset, High Priest of Amun of Khnum-Weset, First prophet of Amun of Ramesses".

paragraph: He is known from a stela now in the British Museum (EA 792). This stela shows Wentawat, his wife Tausert (also written as Tawosret) and his son Nahihor (or Naherhu), who held the title of "Head of the stable of the Residence". Another son, Ramessesnakht, succeeded his father as Viceroy of Kush, which makes for a viceregal 'dynasty' of three generations.br

paragraph: Wentawat is also known from a damaged granite statuette depicting him while kneeling and holding the figure of a god; it was found in 1902 interred inside the Karnak great temple, next to the 7th pylon. It is now located in the Cairo Museum (CG 42158 / JE 36816).

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jaroslav Černý, "Two King's Sons of Kush of the Twentieth Dynasty", KUSH VII (1959), 71-75.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Amin A. M. A. Amer, "Wentawat, Viceroy of Nubia, and his family", SAK 27 (1999), 27-31.

description: Viceroy of Kush

wikidata_label: Wentawat

wikipedia_title: Wentawat


text: Yolande de Polastron

text: Queen

text: Marie Antoinette

text: Duke of Polignac

text: Little Russia

text: Catherine the Great

text: Claye-Souilly

text: Polignac

text: Duke of Nevers

text: Duke of Noailles

text: Marquis

text: Mancini

text: Diane de Polignac

text: Marie Antoinette

text: Ukraine

text: Rainier III, Prince of Monaco

text: Duke of Guiche

text: Auguste Jules Armand Marie de Polignac

text: Charles X of France

categories: People from Claye-Souilly,Dukes of Polignac,1746 births,1817 deaths,Ancien Régime office-holders

paragraph: Jules, 1st Duke of Polignac

paragraph: Jules de Polignac, 1st Duke of Polignac (Armand Jules François; 7 June 1746 – 21 September 1817) was a French nobleman and the husband of Yolande de Polastron, a confidante of Queen Marie Antoinette. He became the first Duke of Polignac in 1780. He died at the age of seventy one in Little Russia, where he was given a manor by Catherine the Great.

paragraph: Section::::Life and marriage.

paragraph: He was born at Claye-Souilly to Louis Héracle Armand de Polignac, Marquis of Mancini, and his wife, Diane Adélaide Zéphirine Mancini, herself a granddaughter of the Duke of Nevers and the Duke of Noailles. He bore the title of Marquis of Mancini. He was the couple's fourth child of five, and their second son, and the brother of Diane de Polignac.

paragraph: On 7 July 1767, he married Yolande Martine "Gabrielle" de Polastron. His wife was later the favourite of Marie Antoinette. As a result, he was created Duke of Polignac on 20 September 1780. At the revolution, he fled France and died in Ukraine at the age of 71. Rainier III, Prince of Monaco was an agnatic descendant of him and his wife.

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Aglaé Louise" Françoise Gabrielle de Polignac (7 May 1768 – 30 March 1803); married the Duke of Guiche and was nicknamed "Guichette";

paragraph: BULLET::::- Armand "Jules" Marie Héracle de Polignac, 2nd Duke of Polignac (11 January 1771 – 1 March 1847); married Ida Johanna Lina van Neukirchen gen. Nijvenheim, with no issue;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Auguste Jules Armand Marie de Polignac, Prince of Polignac and later 3rd Duke of Polignac (10 November 1780 – 30 March 1847); married firstly Barbara Campbell (1788–1819) and had issue; secondly Mary Charlotte Parkyns (1792–1864) and had issue; was French Prime Minister from 1829 to 1830, under the government of Charles X of France;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Camille Henri Melchior de Polignac, Count of Polignac (27 December 1781 – 2 February 1855); married Marie Charlotte Calixte Alphonsine Le Vassor de la Touche (1791–1861) and had issue; agnatic ancestor of the current ruling house of Monaco.

description: French duke

wikidata_label: Jules, 1st Duke of Polignac

wikipedia_title: Jules, 1st Duke of Polignac


text:
actress
silent film
Mack Sennett
Buster Keaton
film producer
Darryl F. Zanuck
Richard Darryl
Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery
Westwood, Los Angeles

categories: Actresses from West Virginia,Deaths from thrombosis,20th-century American actresses,American film actresses,1982 deaths,1902 births,Deaths from emphysema,American silent film actresses,People from Wheeling, West Virginia,Burials at Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery

paragraph: Virginia Fox

paragraph: Virginia Fox Zanuck (April 2, 1902 – October 14, 1982) was an American actress who starred in many silent films of the 1910s and 1920s.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Fox was born in Wheeling, West Virginia (though her grave erroneously lists Charleston, W.Va. as her place of birth), the daughter of Marie (née Oglseby) and Frederick Fox.

paragraph: While on vacation from boarding school, Fox traveled to visit a friend in Los Angeles. The two made a casual stop by the studio of Mack Sennett, where she was hired on the spot and made a bathing beauty in the studio's films. Fox went on to star as leading lady in many of the early films of Buster Keaton, including 1920's highly regarded "Neighbors."

paragraph: In 1924 she married film producer Darryl F. Zanuck, with whom she had three children, Darrylin (1931–2015), Susan Marie (1935–1980), and Richard Darryl (1934–2012). Fox retired from acting, but was known as a behind-the-scenes influence on her husband's business decisions. The couple separated in 1956 over the studio mogul's affairs with other women, though they were never legally divorced; but according to Zanuck biographers, she cared for him at their home from the time he became mentally incapacitated in the early 1970s until his death in 1979. She was buried near Darryl Zanuck at the Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery in Westwood, Los Angeles.

paragraph: Despite some Internet accounts to the contrary, Virginia Fox was not related to William Fox, whose name is preserved in the company 20th Century Fox, which Darryl Zanuck created and led for decades. William Fox founded Fox Studios, but had lost control of it by the time Zanuck acquired it and merged it into his own empire.

description: actress

wikidata_label: Virginia Fox

wikipedia_title: Virginia Fox


text:
Margaret I of Denmark
Albert of Mecklenburg
Algot Magnusson
Kalmar Castle
Kalmar Union
Småland
Västergötland
Sønderborg Castle
Louis Gabriel Michaud
Cathedral of Lund
Charles VIII of Sweden
Christina Gyllenstierna
Margaret I of Denmark
Eric of Pomerania
Broder Svensson

categories: People from Halland,1350s births,1410 deaths,Swedish nobility,Swedish military leaders,Medieval Swedish nobility,Swedish politicians,14th-century Swedish people

paragraph: Abraham Brodersson

paragraph: Abraham Brodersson (ca. 1350 – 27 August 1410) was a Swedish statesman and military commander who lived in the 14th and early 15th century.

paragraph: He was a very able military leader and trusted advisor who contributed greatly to the rise of Queen Margaret I of Denmark, although initially he might have been introduced to the Queen and raised in her favours due to his handsome appearance. He is reported to have had a daughter with Margaret.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: As a member of one of the richest and most powerful families in Sweden, the Baad family from Halland, he joined the pro-Margaret party in his country and helped her to depose Albert of Mecklenburg. He then supported Margaret in uniting the three crowns of Scandinavia and designating as her heir Eric of Pomerania.

paragraph: He led Margaret's land forces and fleet together with Algot Magnusson in sieges of Stockholm during 1393-1394. He also participated in the campaign against the Island of Gothland a decade later.

paragraph: On Trinity Sunday, 17 July 1397, Margaret caused her grand nephew Eric to be crowned, and on the same day conferred knighthood on 133 people, among them Abraham Brodersson. An old chronicle recounts that "Amidst all the fine folk present, none shone in manly beauty and bravery of apparel like Abraham Broderson ... Abraham was always present in her mind." From 1403 to 1405 he was the castellan of the Kalmar Castle. He was also District Councillor of Halland, Värend and Finnveden. He became her powerful gunstling, about whom the people sang a lay "The whole forest is full of Abraham."

paragraph: He was one of the largest and richest landowners in the Kalmar Union, with much property in Småland, Västergötland and Denmark. In Sweden, he had more servants than the king . According to Ahlbäck and Helle, as the castellan of the Kalmar Castle (a powerful office), he was notorious for levying heavy taxes, and he abused Margaret's trust in unashamedly acquiring lands from widows and petty nobility, possibly amassing some 500 holdings. He became the owner of a lot of property through his first wife Margareta as well. The total number of farms Abraham owned might be more than 600.

paragraph: In 1410, Queen Margaret appointed her nephew, King Eric of Pomerania, as the commander-in-chief in a campaign against Holstein. Based on abilities and experience, Abraham Brodersson should have been made the commander, but Margaret wanted to use this opportunity to reform and train her heir, who had been a disappointment to her. Thus, Abraham Brodersson was given a battalion, while the campaign was led by an untested and untried Eric to disastrous results. Resentful of Abraham Brodersson's presence and his power, after a failed siege against the Sønderborg Castle, Eric blamed his defeat on Abraham Brodersson, (possibly falsely) accused him of raping a woman and had him executed by sword, unknown to Margaret . According to Louis Gabriel Michaud, by this time, Abraham Brodersson had become so powerful and was held by the queen in such high regards that he became a rival who threatened Eric's throne.

paragraph: Abraham Brodersson has been praised for his bravery and military skills in such documents as the Rhyme chronicles, but also has a reputation for greed, brutality and dissolute life.

paragraph: Margaret lamented the death of her favourite knight greatly (although, the patient Queen again forgave Eric for this act of treachery) and caused an altar for him to be raised in the Cathedral of Lund, where masses for him and herself would be held conjointly, and did not long survive him. The two years between his death and her own death were marked with great turbulence in Denmark, where people were heavily taxed to support the war Eric was waging. The Queen though tried to keep her composure, took it upon herself to direct the Holstein-Schleswig war and was bringing it to a promising conclusion by diplomatic means when she suddenly died (some authors speculate that Abraham's death might have contributed to it), leaving the war to Eric who made a disastrous situation out of it again.

paragraph: Section::::Marriages and descendants.

paragraph: He married Margareta Petersdotter Dudde in 1382. The couple had one child named Birgitta (Brita). The girl's biological mother is suspected to be Queen Margaret. Brita accompagnied Queen Margaret to Vadstena where the fair young child, who apparently bore great resemblance to the Queen and certified by Margaret as having royal blood, was educated in a convent. Later, Brita married Thure Bjelke and gave birth to the first wife of King Charles VIII of Sweden and thus was the ancestress of Christina Gyllenstierna. After his first wife's death, he married Cecilia Nilsdotter Jaernskaegg. He reportedly had many children born out of wedlock.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Margaret I of Denmark

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eric of Pomerania

paragraph: BULLET::::- Broder Svensson

description: Swedish politician

wikidata_label: Abraham Broderson

wikipedia_title: Abraham Brodersson


text:
German
genre painter
animalier
Munich
Albrecht Adam
Benno
Franz
Eugen Adam
Emil Adam
Rio de Janeiro
Michael Echter
Wilhelm von Diez
Akademie der Bildenden Künste
Albrecht Adam
Alter Südfriedhof
Munich
TheGreatCat.org: Julius Adam II
Cat paintings of Julius Adam
Gemälde von Julius Adam

categories: Cat artists,German genre painters,Animal painters,1913 deaths,1852 births,19th-century German painters,People from Munich

paragraph: Julius Adam

paragraph: Julius Anton Adam, known as "Cats Adam" () (18 May 1852 – 23 February 1913) was a German genre painter and animalier specialising in pictures of cats.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Julius Adam was a member of the important Adam family of Munich artists. His grandfather was Albrecht Adam, his uncles were Benno, Franz and Eugen Adam, and his cousin Emil Adam, all painters. His father, also called Julius Adam (1821–1874), was primarily a lithographer and photographer. At first Adam (the son) was occupied with landscape photography and worked for his father's business in Rio de Janeiro but later returned to Munich and settled down as a genre painter.

paragraph: Initially Adam was a pupil of Prof. Michael Echter (1812–1879), later of Wilhelm von Diez (1839–1907) at the Akademie der Bildenden Künste in Munich. He began producing his successful cat pictures in 1882, the international popularity of which caused the high quality of his other work to be somewhat overlooked.

paragraph: He married his first cousin Amalie, daughter of his uncle Benno, but had no children.

paragraph: Section::::Grave.

paragraph: According to the inscription on the monument of Julius Adam's grandfather, Albrecht Adam (1786 – 1862), in the Alter Südfriedhof in Munich (Gräberfeld 27 - Reihe 1 - Platz 25/26), Julius's grave is next to it, but the cemetery registers have no record of the burial.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- TheGreatCat.org: Julius Adam II

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cat paintings of Julius Adam

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gemälde von Julius Adam in an episode of "Lieb & Teuer", 5 February 2017, video

alias:
Julius, the younger Adam
Katzen-Adam
Julius Adam the Younger
Julius Adam
Julius II Adam

description: German painter (1852-1913)

wikidata_label: Julius Anton Adam

wikipedia_title: Julius Adam


text: Northern Territory

text: Australia

text: Alawa

text: Roper River

text: Albert Medal for Lifesaving

text: King George V

text: Northern Territory Library

text: Charlie King

text: National Library of Australia

categories: 1882 births,People from the Northern Territory,1954 deaths

paragraph: Ayaiga

paragraph: Ayaiga also known as Ayaigar, Aya-I-Ga, Neighbour or Nipper (c.1882 - 21 June 1954) was a police tracker and stockman in the Northern Territory of Australia. He is the first Indigenous Australian to win a medal for gallantry, for saving a policeman from drowning.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Ayaiga was of the Alawa language group in the Roper River region. He worked as a police tracker at Roper Bar Police Station and as a stockman at Nutwood Downs and Hodgson Downs stations.

paragraph: In 1911, Ayaiga saved the life of Mounted Police Constable William Johns during a river crossing. Ayaiga and three other men had been arrested for cattle stealing and was being transported in neck chains by Constable Johns. While attempting to cross the Wilton River, Johns' horse overturned kicking him in the head and knocking him unconscious. Despite the neck chain, Ayaiga quickly rescued Johns, dragging him to safety. Ayaiga then borrowed Johns' horse and rode to Hodgson Downs Station to request help. He was not convicted of cattle stealing. Then on 16 February 1912 he was awarded the Albert Medal for Lifesaving by King George V at Government House, making him the first Indigenous Australian awarded a medal for gallantry. He was not permitted to keep the medal, which was kept for him by the government to wear on special occasions.

paragraph: He wore the medal in February 1915, while on trial for murder. He was acquitted.

paragraph: In 1940 he ferried supplies and rescued people stranded by the flooded Roper River.

paragraph: Constable Johns' grandson, sculptor Greg Johns, created a sculpture inspired by Ayaiga's story. It is on display at Northern Territory Library. Another of Johns' grandsons is ABC sports broadcaster Charlie King.

paragraph: His medal is held at the National Library of Australia. A replica is on display at the Northern Territory Library.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The story of Ayaiga, Northern Territory Library online feature

wikidata_label: Ayaigar

wikipedia_title: Ayaiga


text: Trinidad

text: University of Waterloo

text: Western University

text: International Biometric Society

text: longitudinal studies

text: survival analysis

text: spatiotemporal data

text: heart surgery

text: wildfire

text: San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago

text: University of Saskatchewan

text: University of Waterloo

text: University of Calgary

text: Simon Fraser University

text: International Biometric Society

text: Statistical Society of Canada

text: International Statistical Institute

text: Centre de Recherches Mathématiques

categories: University of Calgary faculty,Elected Members of the International Statistical Institute,University of Western Ontario faculty,Simon Fraser University faculty,Living people,1958 births,Women statisticians,University of Waterloo faculty,Fellows of the American Statistical Association,Trinidad and Tobago academics,Canadian statisticians,University of Saskatchewan alumni,Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science

paragraph: Charmaine Dean

paragraph: Charmaine B. Dean (born 1958) is a statistician from Trinidad.

paragraph: She is the vice president for research at the University of Waterloo,

paragraph: a professor of statistical and actuarial sciences at both Waterloo and Western University,

paragraph: the former president of the International Biometric Society,

paragraph: the former President of the Statistical Society of Canada.

paragraph: Her research interests include longitudinal studies, survival analysis, spatiotemporal data, heart surgery, and wildfires.

paragraph: Section::::Education and career.

paragraph: Dean was born in San Fernando, Trinidad and Tobago in 1958 and moved to Canada when she was 19.

paragraph: She graduated in 1980 with honours in mathematics from the University of Saskatchewan. She did her graduate studies at the University of Waterloo, earning a master's degree in 1984 and a Ph.D. in 1988,

paragraph: supervised by Jerry Lawless. Her dissertation was "Mixed Poisson Models and Regression Methods for Count Data".

paragraph: After a year at the University of Calgary,

paragraph: she joined the faculty at Simon Fraser University in 1989, and became the founding chair of the Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science there at its establishment in 2001.

paragraph: She served as president of the International Biometric Society in 2002 and of the Statistical Society of Canada in 2007.

paragraph: She became Burnaby Mountain Research Chair at Simon Fraser before moving to Western as dean of science in 2011.

paragraph: She stepped down as dean at Western and became vice president for research at Waterloo in 2017.

paragraph: Section::::Recognition.

paragraph: Dean was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association in 2007, and in 2010 she was elected as a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

paragraph: She is also an elected member of the International Statistical Institute.

paragraph: In 2003, she won the CRM-SSC Prize in Statistics of the Centre de Recherches Mathématiques and the Statistical Society of Canada.

paragraph: In 2012 she won the Trinidad & Tobago Canadian High Commission Award.

description: statistician from Trinidad, president of Statistical Society of Canada)

wikidata_label: Charmaine Dean

wikipedia_title: Charmaine Dean