text: Tiffin, Ohio

text: Fostoria, Ohio

text: Irish-American

text: New York City

text: Post-impressionism

text: Modernism

text: Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act

text: Tiffin, Ohio

text: Fostoria, Ohio

text: County Limerick

text: University of Michigan

text: Georgetown University Law School

text: Harvard University

text: Tammany Hall

text: 1912 Democratic National Convention

text: Post-Impressionist

text: Henri-Pierre Roche

text: Armory Show

text: Joseph Conrad

text: W. B. Yeats

text: Abbey Theatre

text: James Joyce

text: T. S. Eliot

text: Ezra Pound

text: John Devoy

text: Roger Casement

text: British Intelligence

text: World War I

text: Aleister Crowley

text: agent provocateur

text: Irish nationalist

text: United States Congress

text: Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act

text: Armory Show

text: New York City

text: Symbolism

text: Impressionism

text: Post-Impressionism

text: Neo-Impressionism

text: Cubism

text: Margaret Kieley

text: Margaret Anderson

text: Jane Heap

text: The Little Review

text: James Joyce

text: Ulysses

text: cancer

text: Henri Matisse

text: André Derain

text: Maurice de Vlaminck

text: Robert Delaunay

text: Jacques Villon

text: Albert Gleizes

text: Jean Metzinger

text: Gino Severini

text: Marie Laurencin

text: Constantin Brâncuși

text: Raymond Duchamp-Villon

text: Arthur B. Davies

text: Walt Kuhn

text: Marsden Hartley

text: Stanton MacDonald-Wright

text: Max Weber

text: American Art Association

text: John Butler Yeats

text: Jeanne Robert Foster

text: John Quinn papers, 1901-1926

text: New York Public Library

categories: Harvard University alumni,People from Fostoria, Ohio,1870 births,American people of Irish descent,People from Tiffin, Ohio,American art collectors,New York (state) lawyers,University of Michigan alumni,Deaths from cancer in Ohio,1924 deaths

paragraph: John Quinn (collector)

paragraph: John Quinn (April 14, 1870 in Tiffin, Ohio – July 28, 1924 in Fostoria, Ohio) was an Irish-American cognoscente of the art world; and a lawyer in New York City who fought to overturn censorship laws restricting modern literature and art from entering the United States.

paragraph: Quinn was an important patron of chief figures in Post-impressionism and literary Modernism; a major collector of modern art and original manuscripts; and the first to exhibit these works after winning legal battles against censorship and cultural isolation. In the 1920s he owned the largest single collection of modern European paintings in the world. He fought key legal battles that opened American culture to 20th century art movements, including his Congressional appeals to overturn the Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act. He staged the first great exhibit of European modern art in America at the 69th Regiment (Fightin' Irish) Armory, New York, in 1913.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Quinn was born in Tiffin, Ohio to an Irish baker and grocer, James W. Quinn, and his wife, Mary. He grew up in nearby Fostoria, Ohio, where his parents relocated in 1871. His paternal grandparents James and Mary (née Madigan) Quinn, natives of County Limerick settled in Tiffin in 1851, where the grandfather was a blacksmith.

paragraph: After graduating from the University of Michigan and Georgetown University Law School, followed by a degree in international relations from Harvard University, Quinn became a successful New York lawyer, getting involved in New York’s Tammany Hall politics, but when his candidate did not get the nomination at the 1912 Democratic National Convention he became disgusted with the whole system and became an art patron, art collector, and collector of manuscripts. His French adviser for Post-Impressionist art was Henri-Pierre Roche, who later wrote the novel "Jules et Jim". Quinn and Roche worked together to develop the famous 1913 Armory Show.

paragraph: Quinn was a principal supporter and purchaser of manuscripts of novelist Joseph Conrad during his lifetime. He met Irish poet W. B. Yeats in 1902, and became a major supporter, helping him found the Abbey Theatre. In the 1920s Quinn was a legal defender of the novel "Ulysses" by James Joyce, and defended "The Waste Land" by T. S. Eliot. He was a friend of American poet Ezra Pound.

paragraph: According to author Richard Spence, Quinn was a supporter of the Irish nationalist cause and associated with figures such as John Devoy and Roger Casement, although he had reportedly worked for British Intelligence services before, during, and after World War I. In this role he acted as case officer for, among others, Aleister Crowley, who was an agent provocateur posing as an Irish nationalist in order to infiltrate anti-British groups of Irish and Germans in the United States.

paragraph: Section::::Art promotion.

paragraph: In 1913 he convinced the United States Congress to overturn the 1909 Payne–Aldrich Tariff Act, which retained the duty on foreign works of art less than 20 years old, discouraging Americans from collecting modern European art. A huge and controversial event, the 1913 Armory Show (officially The International Exhibition of Modern Art) in New York City included examples of Symbolism, Impressionism, Post-Impressionism, Neo-Impressionism, and Cubism. Quinn opened the exhibition with the words:

paragraph: In 1913 Quinn represented Margaret Kieley in a $2,000,000 legal contest over the Last Will and Testament of her husband Timothy J. Kieley's estate. Margaret prevailed because her husband's nephews and nieces could not produce vital witnesses and defaulted.

paragraph: In the early 1920s Quinn represented Margaret Anderson and Jane Heap for their publication in "The Little Review" of serial portions of James Joyce's "Ulysses", which the U.S. Post Office had found "obscene".

paragraph: Section::::Estate sale.

paragraph: Quinn died at age 54 of intestinal cancer, and was buried by his family in Fostoria, Ohio. Leaving no heirs, he willed that his art collection be auctioned off and dispersed among museums and collectors around the world.

paragraph: In 1927, an exhibition and sale of Quinn's art collection took place in New York City. The event included works by Henri Matisse, André Derain, Maurice de Vlaminck, Robert Delaunay, Jacques Villon, Albert Gleizes, Jean Metzinger, Gino Severini, Marie Laurencin, Constantin Brâncuși, and Raymond Duchamp-Villon, in addition to American artists Arthur B. Davies, Walt Kuhn, Marsden Hartley, Stanton MacDonald-Wright, and Max Weber. The sale was conducted by Otto Bernet and Hiram H. Parke at the American Art Galleries. A catalog was published for the occasion by the American Art Association.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Quinn, "The Irish Home-rule Convention, An American Opinion", The Macmillan company, 1917 (full text online)

paragraph: BULLET::::- William M. Murphy. "Prodigal Father: the Life of John Butler Yeats (1839–1922)" (Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press, 1978; paperback 1979; revised paperback, Syracuse University Press, 2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richard and Janis Londraville. "Dear Yeats, Dear Pound, Dear Ford: Jeanne Robert Foster and Her Circle of Friends" (Syracuse University Press, 2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Janis and Richard Londraville, eds. "John Quinn: Selected Irish Writers from his Library" (Syracuse University Press, 2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Benjamin Lawrence Reid (1968) "The Man from New York: John Quinn and His Friends" (1969 Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Quinn papers, 1901-1926, held by the Manuscripts and Archives Division, New York Public Library

paragraph: BULLET::::- "John Quinn, 1870-1925: collection of paintings, water colors, drawings and sculpture", Pidgeon Hill Press, 1926 (full text online)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Judith Zilczer, "John Quinn and Modern Art Collectors in America, 1913-1924", The American Art Journal, Vol. 14, No. 1 (Winter, 1982), Kennedy Galleries, Inc., pp. 56-71

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Library of John Quinn", complete catalogue of the library of John Quinn: sold by auction in five parts, New York: Anderson Galleries (full text online)

description: American lawyer and art collector

wikidata_label: John Quinn

wikipedia_title: John Quinn (collector)


text:
laqab
Persian
Buyid
Iran
Dailamite
Lahijan
Zoroastrian
Islam
'Ali
Ahmad
Samanid
Ray
Ziyarid
Mardavij
Fars
Isfahan
Vushmgir
Abu 'l-Fadl ibn al-'Amid
vizier
Baghdad
Abbasid Caliphate
caliph
al-Mustakfi
honorific title
Ibn Muhtaj
Khurasan
Gurgan
Tabaristan
Abu Mansur Muhammad
Damghan
Sallarid
Azerbaijan
Qazvin
Fana Khusrau
Shiraz
Jibal
Dailam
Wahsudan
Daisam
Arran
Ibn Mahmud
ghazis
Ibn Miskawayh
Ali ibn Kama
Sallarid
Ibrahim I ibn Marzuban I
Kurdish
Hasanwayh
Abu'l-Fath ibn al-'Amid
'Izz al-Dawla
Iraq
Fakhr al-Dawla
Hamadan
Mu'ayyad al-Dawla
Shi'ite
Sunni

categories: People from Lahijan,Buyid dynasty,898 births,10th-century Iranian people,History of Ray, Iran,Ziyarid generals,976 deaths

paragraph: Rukn al-Dawla

paragraph: Hasan (died September 976), better known by his "laqab" as Rukn al-Dawla (Persian: رکن‌الدوله دیلمی), was the first Buyid amir of northern and central Iran (c. 935-976). He was the son of Buya.

paragraph: Section::::Struggle for power.

paragraph: Hasan was the son of Buya, a Dailamite fisherman from Lahijan, who left his Zoroastrian faith and converted to Islam. Ahmad had an older brother named 'Ali and a younger brother named Ahmad. He also had a sister named Kama.

paragraph: In around 928, Hasan's brother 'Ali joined the services of Makan, who was the Samanid governor of Ray. 'Ali then managed to gain military positions for Hasan and their other brother Ahmad. At the time, Hasan was about thirty years old. When Makan attacked his Samanid overlords and was subsequently defeated by the Ziyarid prince Mardavij, the brothers transferred their allegiance to the latter.

paragraph: In the following years, 'Ali repudiated his subservience to Mardavij and, after some time, managed to create an empire in Fars. During this time, Hasan distinguished himself in the battles over that province. Mardavij, however, marched south and forced 'Ali to recognize his authority in around 934. Hasan was sent to Madavij's court as a hostage. The death of Mardavij in 935 allowed Hasan to escape, and also provided an opportunity for the Buyids to expand into central Iran. 'Ali therefore sent Hasan to take Isfahan. The Ziyarids, now under Vushmgir, were busy dealing with the Samanids, allowing the Buyid to easily take the city. This success did not last, however. Internal disruptions, combined with an invasion by Vushmgir, forced Hasan to abandon Isfahan to the Ziyarids three years later. In 940, he appointed Abu 'l-Fadl ibn al-'Amid as his vizier.

paragraph: Although he did not receive much support from 'Ali, Hasan continued to be involved in central Iran. In 940 he recaptured Isfahan, then defeated Vushmgir in battle and occupied Ray, which had been taken by the Samanids, in 943. Meanwhile, in 945 Hasan's brother Ahmad had managed to capture Baghdad, occupying the Abbasid Caliphate. The caliph al-Mustakfi gave Ahmad the honorific title of "Mu'izz al-Dawla", while Ali' received the title of "'Imad al-Dawla". Hasan himself was bestowed with the title "Rukn al-Dawla".

paragraph: That same year, 945, saw Rukn al-Dawla expelled from all of central Iran by Ibn Muhtaj, the governor of Samanid Khurasan. Only in 946 or 947 was he able to make his return to Ray. He was, however, able to expand his territory after doing so, stripping Vushmgir of Gurgan and Tabaristan. Some time later, Abu Mansur Muhammad, a former Samanid general who had rebelled against them, took refuge in Ray, and was honored by Rukn al-Dawla, who, along with his brothers, greatly awarded him with riches. Rukn al-Dawla shortly sent Abu Mansur to Damghan in order to protect Ray from an Samanid invasion.

paragraph: In 948 or 949, the Sallarid ruler of Azerbaijan, al-Marzuban, became angry over a diplomatic insult sent to him by Mu'izz al-Dawla. He sought revenge against the Buyids by attempting to seize Ray from Rukn al-Dawla. The amir, however, convinced al-Marzuban by diplomatic measures to delay his expedition until his brothers sent him additional armies; he then sent an army under Abu Mansur which defeated al-Marzuban near Qazvin and imprisoned him.

paragraph: In around 948 'Imad al-Dawla named Rukn al-Dawla's eldest son, Fana Khusrau ('Adud al-Dawla) as his successor. In September 949 he died, and Rukn al-Dawla claimed the title of senior amir for himself. He traveled to Shiraz and stayed there for at least nine months in order to secure his son's succession there, despite the fact that the Samanids were threatening his own possessions. Mu'izz al-Dawla, meanwhile, accepted Rukn al-Dawla's position of senior amir and also sent troops to Shiraz to assist 'Adud al-Dawla.

paragraph: With his substantial territories in central Iran, as well as pledges to respect his authority by both Mu'izz al-Dawla and 'Adud al-Dawla, Rukn al-Dawla was now the most powerful ruler in the Buyid empire. The center of power therefore shifted from Shiraz to Ray. As a consequence of this, Rukn al-Dawla was able to request troops from the other Buyid rulers. His own position was not secure; during his time in Shiraz the governor of Samanid Khurasan seized Jibal for a time.

paragraph: Section::::Senior ruler of the Buyid state.:First invasion of Azerbaijan and aftermath.

paragraph: In 949, Rukn al-Dawla sent Abu Mansur to Azerbaijan with orders to take control of the province. Marzuban's brother and the Sallarid ruler of Dailam, Wahsudan, shortly sent an army under the Kurdish general Daisam, but the latter was forced to retreat to Arran. Furthermore, the vizier of Daisam, Ibn Mahmud, betrayed him and joined Abu Mansur, who managed to successfully conquer Azerbaijan, and was shortly appointed as the governor of the region by Rukn al-Dawla. Ibn Mahmud was shortly appointed by Abu Mansur as his personal minister.

paragraph: However, an unnamed secretary of Abu Mansur, who had greatly helped him during his conquest of Azerbaijan, felt insulted that he had chosen Ibn Mahmud as his minister instead of him, and shortly raised an army, and joined Daisam. Meanwhile, Abu Mansur, who was not used to the environment of Azerbaijan, left the region with Ibn Mahmud, and returned to Ray. Thus ending the short-lived Buyid rule over Azerbaijan. In 952 or 953 al-Marzuban escaped, and after some fighting retook control of Azerbaijan. By 955, Rukn al-Dawla made peace with him, and married his daughter.

paragraph: The fight between the Buyids and the Ziyarids, along with their Samanid overlords over Gurgan and Tabaristan also continued until 955, with control of the provinces switching hands several times. Rukn al-Dawla was forced to sign a treaty with the Samanids, in which he promised to respect the independence of the Ziyarids in exchange for peace. The peace did not last long, however; in 958 Vushmgir occupied Ray for a short time, while in 960 Rukn al-Dawla briefly gained control of Gurgan. In 962, the Buyid managed to take both Gurgan and Tabaristan for a short time.

paragraph: Section::::Senior ruler of the Buyid state.:Clash with the ghazis, the second invasion of Azerbaijan and aftermath.

paragraph: In 966, a large group "ghazis" from Khorasan, plundered Jibal, and also managed to wound Rukn al-Dawla's vizier Abu 'l-Fadl. The "ghazis" shortly marched towards an important Buyid library in Ray, which was, however, saved by Abu 'l-Fadl's chief librarian Ibn Miskawayh. Rukn al-Dawla shortly sent an army under his nephew Ali ibn Kama which managed to repel the "ghazis". The next year, under the orders of Rukn al-Dawla, Abu 'l-Fadl conquered Azerbaijan, and restored Rukn al-Dawla's son-in-law the Sallarid Ibrahim I ibn Marzuban I as the ruler of the region. Abu 'l-Fadl shortly urged Rukn al-Dawla to depose Ibrahim and impose direct Buyid control on the region. Rukn al-Dawla, however, declined his advice. In 970, Rukn al-Dawla sent Abu 'l-Fadl on an expedition against the Kurdish ruler Hasanwayh, who, however, died before he managed to deal with the latter. He was succeeded as vizier by his son Abu'l-Fath ibn al-'Amid, who shortly managed to deal with Hasanwayh.

paragraph: During the same period, Rukn al-Dawla's fighting with his rivals began to work in his favor, and he was able to sign a less humiliating treaty with the Samanids in 971 or 972, though he continued to pay tribute.

paragraph: Section::::Senior ruler of the Buyid state.:Rebellion, family issues and death.

paragraph: In 974 Rukn al-Dawla sent 'Adud al-Dawla to suppress a large revolt against 'Izz al-Dawla, who had succeeded Mu'izz al-Dawla in Iraq in 967. 'Izz al-Dawla had also recognized Rukn al-Dawla as senior amir, but he and 'Adud al-Dawla had a dislike of each other. 'Adud al-Dawla successfully destroyed the rebellion, but ended up deposing his cousin as well and proclaimed himself the ruler of Iraq. Rukn al-Dawla, however, vehemently protested this, claiming that the line of Mu'izz al-Dawla could not be removed from power. 'Adud al-Dawla's offer to his father to pay tribute for his possession of Iraq was rejected, and he reluctantly reinstated 'Izz al-Dawla and returned to Fars.

paragraph: 'Adud al-Dawla began to grow concerned that his father would deny him the succession as senior amir. Although he had never been explicitly designated as successor, it was assumed that as the eldest son that the position would be his upon Rukn al-Dawla's death. The fiasco in Iraq, however, cooled the relationship between the two. At this point, Abu'l-Fath attempted to reconcile them by arranging a meeting in Isfahan in January of 976.

paragraph: The meeting proved to be a success, at least for 'Adud al-Dawla. Rukn al-Dawla may have been pressured to give in to his son's demands; in any case he agreed to name 'Adud al-Dawla as his successor to the senior amirate. All he asked for in exchange was that Ray would go to his second son, Fakhr al-Dawla, while Hamadan would go to a third son, Mu'ayyad al-Dawla. Both sons would recognize 'Adud al-Dawla as senior amir. The issue of Iraq was not discussed.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Only a few months later, Rukn al-Dawla died. He was succeeded by his two younger sons in Ray and Hamadan, while 'Adud al-Dawla claimed the senior amirate. 'Izz al-Dawla, however, refused to recognize this, paving the way for conflict between the two sides.

paragraph: Rukn al-Dawla's campaigns in central Iran were done almost entirely without the support of 'Imad al-Dawla. As a result of this, Rukn al-Dawla was in nearly all aspects independent of his brother. His coins bear only his name after that of the caliph's, and he was considered by contemporary sources to be an independent ruler. For the remainder of the Buyid presence in central Iran, the amirs there were either independent of the rest of the empire, or were the senior amirs that ruled the empire.

paragraph: The failure of 'Imad al-Dawla to extend his authority over the Buyids of central Iran was later to present problems for the Buyid state, as the descendants of both brothers each considered themselves to be the best candidate for the senior amirate. This led to multiple independent rulers, destroying the unity of the Buyid state and allowing for internal dissent.

paragraph: In terms of a capital, Isfahan at first served Rukn al-Dawla's his city of choice, and continued to be a favorite even after Ray was captured and the court was moved there. His successors would continue to use Ray as the capital. Like the other Buyids, Rukn al-Dawla was a Shi'ite. While he recognized the authority of the caliph of his coins and allowed the caliph's name to be said in the Friday prayers, in all other aspects he ruled as a Shi'ite. On the other hand, he was no fanatic; he recognized that the Sunni citizens of his empire must be protected in order to prevent internal discord.

description: First Buyid amir of northern and central Iran

wikidata_label: Rukn al-Dawla

wikipedia_title: Rukn al-Dawla


text: Overtown

text: Miami

text: collage

text: African American

text: Jane Fonda

text: Damon Wayans

text: Jim Belushi

text: Dan Aykroyd

text: American Folk Art Museum

text: Corcoran Gallery of Art

text: High Museum of Art

text: Philadelphia Museum of Art

text: Florida Artists Hall of Fame

text: Liberty City

text: high school

text: Raiford State Penitentiary

text: breaking and entering

text: Overtown

text: mural

text: Miami Art Museum

text: Great Depression

text: Native American

text: Morehouse College

text: diabetes

text: kidney transplant

text: cardiac arrest

text: pulmonary edema

text: Bass Museum

text: Lyric Theater

text: Western art history

text: Rembrandt

text: Vincent van Gogh

text: Gauguin

text: El Greco

text: Daumier

text: Picasso

text: fingerpainting

text: Social Expressionism

text: Urban Expressionism

text: American Utopia

categories: 1943 births,21st-century American painters,20th-century American painters,2010 deaths,Artists from Miami,American male painters,African-American contemporary artists,Painters from Florida,Deaths from edema

paragraph: Purvis Young

paragraph: Purvis Young (February 4, 1943 – April 20, 2010) was an American artist from the Overtown neighborhood of Miami, Florida. Young's work, often a blend of collage and painting, utilizes found objects and the experience of African Americans in the south. Young gained recognition as a cult contemporary artist, with a collectors' following including Jane Fonda, Damon Wayans, Jim Belushi, Dan Aykroyd, and others. In 2006 a feature documentary titled "Purvis of Overtown" was produced about his life and work. His work is found in the collections of the American Folk Art Museum, the Corcoran Gallery of Art, the High Museum of Art, the National Museum of African American History and Culture, the Philadelphia Museum of Art, and others. Visit Purvis Young Museum, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. In 2018, he was inducted into the Florida Artists Hall of Fame.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and work.

paragraph: Purvis Young was born in Liberty City, a neighborhood of Miami, Florida, on February 2, 1943. As a young boy, his uncle introduced him to drawing, but Young lost interest quickly. He never attended high school.

paragraph: As a teenager, Young served three years (1961–64) in prison at North Florida's Raiford State Penitentiary for breaking and entering. While in prison he would regain his interest in art and began drawing and studying art books. When released, he began to produce thousands of small drawings, which he kept in shopping carts and later glued into discarded books and magazines that he found on the streets. He proceeded to move into the Overtown neighborhood of Miami. Young became attracted to a vacant alley called Goodbread Alley, which was named after the Jamaican bakeries that once occupied the street; he started living there in 1971.

paragraph: Section::::Mid-career.

paragraph: In the early 1970s, Young found inspiration in the mural movements of Chicago and Detroit, and decided to create a mural of inspiration Overtown. He had never painted before, but inspiration struck and he began to create paintings and nailing them to the boarded up storefronts that formed the alley. He painted on wood he found on the streets and occasionally paintings would "disappear" from the wall, but Young didn't mind. About two years after starting the mural, tourists started visiting the alley, mainly white tourists. Occasionally, Young sold paintings to visitors - tourists and collectors alike - right off the wall. The mural garnered media attention, including the attention of millionaire Bernard Davis, owner of the Miami Art Museum. Davis became a patron of Young, providing him with painting supplies as well. Davis died in 1973, leaving Young a local celebrity in Miami.

paragraph: Section::::Late career and death.

paragraph: In the late 1990s and early 2000s, he explored other inspirations by watching historical documentaries about war, the Great Depression, commerce, and Native American conflicts and struggles in the United States. In 1999 the Rubell family, notable art collectors from New York, purchased the entire content of Young's studio, a collection of almost 3,000 pieces. In 2008 the Rubells donated 108 works to Morehouse College In January 2007, Purvis was selected as the Art Miami Fair's Director's Choice at the Miami Beach Convention Center and helped to establish a number of outdoor art fairs in South Florida that continue today.

paragraph: With artistic success came monetary gain, and Young failed to maintain his estate. Before his death, he became involved in a legal battle with former manager Martin Siskind. Young sued Siskind for mismanagement of funds. In response, Siskind successfully petitioned for Young to be declared mentally incompetent, and Young's affairs were placed in control of legal guardians. According to friends, Young was not incompetent and was left destitute by the procedures. Siskind stated that he and Young had settled the suit amicably and that Young retained ownership of 1,000 paintings and was financially stable.

paragraph: Young suffered from diabetes, and toward the latter years of his life, he had other health problems, undergoing a kidney transplant in 2007. He died on April 20, 2010 in Miami, from cardiac arrest and pulmonary edema. He is survived by his partner Eddie Mae Lovest; his two sisters Betty Rodriguez and Shirley Byrd, brother Irvin Byrd, four stepdaughters, and 13 step-children.

paragraph: In 2015, The Bass Museum of Art announced that it is donating almost 400 pieces of Young's art to the permanent collection in the Black Archives History and Research Foundation of South Florida. The foundation is located in Lyric Theater in Overtown.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: Young found strong influence in Western art history and voraciously absorbed books from his nearby public library by Rembrandt, Vincent van Gogh, Gauguin, El Greco, Daumier and Picasso. His work was vibrant and colorful, and was described as appearing like fingerpainting. Reoccurring themes in his work were angels, wild horses, and urban landscapes. Through his works, he expressed social and racial issues, and served as an outspoken activist about politics and bureaucracy. He is credited with influencing the art movement terms Social Expressionism or Urban Expressionism.

paragraph: In 2016, the records of art collector and dealer Jimmy Hedges and his Rising Fawn Folk Art Gallery were donated to the Smithsonian Archives of American Art on behalf of the Hedges Descendants Trust. Known as The Jimmy Hedges Papers, the file includes artist files, correspondence, photographs, and other materials documenting Hedges's interactions with hundreds of artists, whose homes and studios he visited, including Young. A 2018 addition to the papers consists of two linear feet of materials relating to Young, including photographs, biographical material, correspondence, notes, business records, and printed material.

paragraph: In 2018, during the Art Basel/Miami Art week, Purvis Young was presented at the Japour Family Collection, and an entire floor of the Rubell Collection was dedicated to his works.

paragraph: Two Purvis Young works appear on the 2018 David Byrne album "American Utopia."

paragraph: Section::::Work.:Reception.

paragraph: Suzanne Khalil, curator of EXOR Galleries in Boca Raton, described him as an "urban storyteller," who created "raw" work.

paragraph: Morehouse president Robert Michael Franklin stated "Purvis Young has used his art as social commentary and a catalyst for justice."

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arnett, Paul, & William S. Arnett. "Souls Grown Deep, Vol. 1: African American Vernacular Art of the South." Tinwood Books: Atlanta (2000).

description: American artist

wikidata_label: Purvis Young

wikipedia_title: Purvis Young


text:
Jesuit
New France
Aubenas
Vivarais
Ardèche
Catholic Church
Aboriginal
Lake Superior
Sept-Îles
Trois-Rivières
Lake Ontario
Jesuit Relations
Sulpician
Sillery
Louis Nicolas: Life & Work
"Codex canadiensis"

categories: Jesuit missionaries in New France,French Roman Catholic missionaries,1682 deaths,People from Aubenas,17th-century French Jesuits,1634 births,Roman Catholic missionaries in Canada

paragraph: Louis Nicolas

paragraph: Louis Nicolas (August 15, 1634 – 1682?) was a French missionary in Canada in the late 17th and early 18th century. At the age of about 30, this Jesuit priest arrived in New France in 1664 and stayed for eleven years. He was fascinated by the wildlife and Native peoples of the New World, and is believed to have been the author of the hand-drawn book known as the ', which documents these subjects. Nicolas is the confirmed author of the books ' and the "". He returned to France in 1675, and historians believe that he died in 1682.

paragraph: Nicolas was born in Aubenas, Vivarais, a commune in the Ardèche department. At the age of twenty, he joined the Jesuits, a male congregation of the Catholic Church. In 1664, his order was sent to Canada to convert the Aboriginal peoples. As he travelled from the western end of Lake Superior to Sept-Îles, and from Trois-Rivières to the south of Lake Ontario, Nicolas’ interest in Aboriginal languages and culture increased. Nonetheless, according to the "Jesuit Relations", Nicolas did not always behave accordingly towards the native peoples. In fact, in a memoir by Antoine Alet, secretary to Sulpician superior M. de Queylus, the Jesuit was "described as a quick-tempered and rather vain man." Moreover, his congregation was not pleased with him as he attempted to tame two bear cubs at the Jesuits' residence in Sillery, in the hope of impressing the king. In 1675, Louis Nicolas left Canada and returned to France. Nothing more was heard of him after his departure.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gagnon, François-Marc. "Louis Nicolas: Life & Work". Toronto: Art Canada Institute, 2017.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Codex canadiensis" at Library and Archives Canada

description: French missionary to Quebec

wikidata_label: Louis Nicolas

wikipedia_title: Louis Nicolas


text:
Queen
Egypt
Unas
Fifth dynasty of Egypt
Teti
Pharaoh
Sixth dynasty of Egypt
Pepi I Meryre
fifth dynasty
Nebet
Khenut
Sixth dynasty of Egypt
Pepi I
Koptos
Nebkauhor
Seshseshet Waatetkhethor
Seshseshet Idut
Seshseshet Nubkhetnebty
Seshseshet Sathor
Horus
Saqqara
Khuit
Egyptian Museum
Cairo

categories: Ancient women regents,Princesses of the Fifth Dynasty of Egypt,Queens consort of the Sixth Dynasty of Egypt,Women rulers in Africa

paragraph: Iput

paragraph: Iput I was a Queen of Egypt, a daughter of King Unas, the last king of the Fifth dynasty of Egypt. She married Teti, the first Pharaoh of the Sixth dynasty of Egypt. Their son was Pepi I Meryre.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Iput was a daughter of the fifth dynasty King Unas. Her mother was Nebet or Khenut. She married King Teti who was the first king of the Sixth dynasty of Egypt. Their son was King Pepi I. Iput is depicted with her son Pepi on a decree-stela from Koptos. The skeletal remains found at her pyramid show she died as a middle-aged woman.

paragraph: Iput had another son, Nebkauhor. She had several daughters: Seshseshet Waatetkhethor, Seshseshet Idut, Seshseshet Nubkhetnebty and Seshseshet Sathor.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Titles of Iput I.

paragraph: Iput I held several titles because she was the daughter of a king: "Daughter of the King of Upper and Lower Egypt" ("s3t-niswt-biti"), "King’s Daughter of his body" ("s3t-niswt-nt-kht.f"), "God’s Daughter" ("s3t-ntr"), "This God’s Daughter" ("s3t-ntr-wt").

paragraph: Other titles are because she was married to a pharaoh: "King’s Wife, his beloved" ("hmt-nisw meryt.f"), "Companion of Horus" ("smrt-hrw"), "Great one of the hetes-sceptre" ("wrt-hetes"), "She who sees Horus and Seth" ("m33t-hrw-stsh"), and "Great of Praises" ("wrt-hzwt").

paragraph: Iput gained even more titles when her son Pepi I took the throne: "King’s Mother" ("mwt-niswt"), "Mother of the Dual King" ("mwt-niswt-biti") and "King’s Mother of the pyramid Mennefer-Pepy" ("mwt-niswt-mn-nfr-ppy").

paragraph: Section::::Burial.

paragraph: Iput was buried in Saqqara, in a pyramid near that of Teti. The pyramids of Iput and Khuit were discovered between July 1897 and February 1899 by Victor Loret.

paragraph: The burial chamber contained a limestone sarcophagus, and a cedar coffin. Remains of a middle-aged woman were found. Some of her funerary equipment has survived. These include canopic vessels, a headrest, and a gold bracelet. Her remains are in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo. The gold bracelet was found on Iput's arm. The chamber further contained several vessels including polished red pottery and a rock crystal cup. Model vessels and tools were included in the burial as well. Some of these had originally been covered in gold.

description: ancient Egyptian queen consort

wikidata_label: Iput

wikipedia_title: Iput


text:
Islamic scholar
jurist
Thawri
madhhab
hadith
muhaddith
Kufa
Ali ibn Abi Talib
Umayyad
caliphate
al-Awza'i
Amir ibn Abd al-Qays
Abu Muslim al-Khawlani
Uways al-Qarani
al-Rabi ibn Khuthaym
al-Aswad ibn Yazid
Masruq ibn al-Ajda'
Hasan al-Basri
al-Mahdi

wikipedia_title:
Ulama
Jurist
Thawri
Madhhab
Hadith
Hadith studies
Kufa
Ali
Umayyad Caliphate
Caliphate
Abd al-Rahman al-Awza'i
Amir ibn Abd al-Qays
Abu Muslim al-Khawlani
Uwais al-Qarani
Al-Rabi ibn Khuthaym
Al-Aswad ibn Yazid
Masruq ibn al-Ajda'
Hasan al-Basri
Al-Mahdi

categories: 716 births,778 deaths,8th-century Arabs,Arab writers,Hadith compilers,People from Kufa,Hadith scholars,Scholars from the Umayyad Caliphate,Taba‘ at-Tabi‘in,Hadith narrators

image: 512px-سفيان_الثوري.png

paragraph: Sufyan al-Thawri

paragraph: Sufyan ath-Thawri ibn Said () (716–778) was a "Tābi‘ al-Tābi‘īn" Islamic scholar and jurist, founder of the Thawri madhhab. He was also a great hadith compiler (muhaddith).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Sufyan ath-Thawri was born in Kufa, Iraq, and in his youth supported the Family of Ali ibn Abi Talib against the dying Umayyad caliphate. By 748 he had moved to Basra, "where he met ['Abdallah] ibn 'Awn and Ayyub [al-Sakhtiyani]. He then abandoned his Shi'i view." It is said that the Umayyads offered him high office positions but that he consistently declined. He even refused to give to the Caliphs moral and religious advice and when asked why, he responded "When the sea overflows, who can dam it up?". He was also quoted to have said to a friend of his "Beware of the rulers, of drawing close to and associating with them. Do not be deceived by being told that you can drive inequity away. All this is the deceit of the devil, which the wicked qurra' have taken as a ladder [to self promotion]."

paragraph: Ath-Thawri's jurisprudential thought ("usul al-fiqh"), after his move to Basra, became more closely aligned to that of the Umayyads and of al-Awza'i. He is reported to have regarded the jihad as an obligation only as a defensive war.

paragraph: Ath-Thawri was one of the 'Eight Ascetics,' who included (usual list) Amir ibn Abd al-Qays, Abu Muslim al-Khawlani, Uways al-Qarani, al-Rabi ibn Khuthaym, al-Aswad ibn Yazid, Masruq ibn al-Ajda', and Hasan al-Basri.

paragraph: Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyya relates in Madarij al-salikin, and Ibn al-Jawzi in the chapter entitled "Abu Hashim al-Zahid" in his Sifat al-safwa after the early hadith master Abu Nu`aym in his Hilyat al-awliya, that Sufyan al-Thawri said:

paragraph: If it were not for Abu Hashim al-Sufi (d. 115) I would have never perceived the presence of the subtlest forms of hypocrisy in the self... Among the best of people is the Sufi learned in jurisprudence.

paragraph: Ibn al-Jawzi also narrates the following:

paragraph: Abu Hashim al-Zahid said: "Allah has stamped alienation upon the world in order that the friendly company of the murideen (seekers) consist solely in being with Him and not with the world, and in order that those who obey Him come to Him by means of avoiding the world. The People of Knowledge of Allah (ahl al-ma`rifa billah) are strangers in the world and long for the hereafter."

paragraph: He spent the last year of his life hiding after a dispute between him and the caliph al-Mahdi. On his death the Thawri "madhhab" was taken up by his students, including Yahya al-Qattan. His school did not survive, but his juridical thought and especially hadith transmission are highly regarded in Islam, and have influenced all the major schools.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Of his books, perhaps best known is his Tafsir of the Qur'an, one of the earliest in the genre. An Indian MSS purports to preserve it up to Q. 52:13, as published by Imtiyâz ʿAlî ʿArshî in 1965; also Tabari's tafsir quotes extensively from the whole text. He also preserved the books of his Umayyad predecessors.

paragraph: Section::::External Links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biodata at MuslimScholars.info

description: Muslim Scholar and founder of Thawri Madhhab

wikidata_label: Sufyan al-Thawri

wikipedia_title: Sufyan al-Thawri


text:
ice hockey
forward
GET-ligaen
Eastern Junior Hockey League
UMass Amherst
Hockey East
Columbus Blue Jackets
NHL Entry Draft
2004–05
Syracuse Crunch
2005–06
Minnesota Wild
Houston Aeros
Bloomington Prairie Thunder
UHL
2007–08
St. Louis Blues
Binghamton Senators
Ottawa Senators
2008–09
New York Islanders
2009–10
Bridgeport Sound Tigers
Pittsburgh Penguins
Colorado Avalanche
2010–11
short handed
Steve Mason
second star
Minnesota Wild
2011–12
HC Fribourg-Gottéron
2016–17
ERC Ingolstadt
Deutsche Eishockey Liga
KHL Medveščak Zagreb
EBEL
List of black NHL players

categories: Bridgeport Sound Tigers players,New York Islanders players,Houston Aeros (1994–2013) players,Columbus Blue Jackets draft picks,Colorado Avalanche players,Syracuse Crunch players,IK Oskarshamn players,1982 births,Lake Erie Monsters players,ERC Ingolstadt players,Ice hockey people from Massachusetts,African-American ice hockey players,Binghamton Senators players,American ice hockey right wingers,KHL Medveščak Zagreb players,People from Holliston, Massachusetts,Living people,Stavanger Oilers players,Bloomington PrairieThunder players,HC Fribourg-Gottéron players,Columbus Blue Jackets players,Huddinge IK players

paragraph: Greg Mauldin

paragraph: Gregory M. Mauldin (born June 10, 1982) is an American professional ice hockey forward who is currently playing for the [Stavanger Oilers]] in the GET-ligaen (GET).

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.

paragraph: Mauldin played with the Boston Junior Bruins of the Eastern Junior Hockey League in 1999 where he showed his talent and explosiveness on the ice while earning consecutive First All-Star Team selections and the Eastern Junior Hockey League MVP Award in 2000. In 2001, he moved on to UMass Amherst where he accumulated 94 points in 98 games and led the Minutemen to the 2003 Hockey East Championship game. After three successful seasons with UMass he joined the Columbus Blue Jackets who had selected him with the 199th overall pick in the 2002 NHL Entry Draft.

paragraph: Mauldin made his NHL debut not long after the Ice Hockey East Championship and appeared in six games for the Blue Jackets. He played the 2004–05 season for the Syracuse Crunch, the Blue Jackets AHL affiliate, and finished 7th on the team in scoring with 27 points. During the 2005–06 season he was traded to the Minnesota Wild for defenceman Dustin Wood. He was then assigned to the Houston Aeros, the Wild's AHL affiliate.

paragraph: In the 2006–07 season, Mauldin initially played with Bloomington Prairie Thunder of the UHL, before leaving to play in Sweden. Prior to the 2007–08 season, Mauldin attended the St. Louis Blues prospect development Camp. He was then signed to a free agent contract by the Binghamton Senators of the AHL. Mauldin was then signed by parent club, the Ottawa Senators to a one-year contract for the 2008–09 season but was reassigned to Binghamton for the year.

paragraph: On July 3, 2009, Mauldin signed a one-year contract with the New York Islanders. In the 2009–10 season he led the Bridgeport Sound Tigers, AHL affiliate of the Islanders, in scoring with 54 points in 77 games. He made his brief Islanders debut in a 7-3 defeat to the Pittsburgh Penguins on April 8, 2010, before returning to the Sound Tigers for a quarterfinal appearance in the playoffs.

paragraph: A free agent following the season, Mauldin signed a one-year contract with the Colorado Avalanche on July 2, 2010. After initially impressing at the Avalanche's training camp, Mauldin was reassigned to AHL affiliate, the Lake Erie Monsters, to start the 2010–11 season. He was later called up by the Avalanche, and in his first game on November 12, 2010, he scored his first NHL goal, which was short handed, in a 5-1 road win against Steve Mason of his former team the Columbus Blue Jackets. He was named the second star of the game. Mauldin continued to make an impact with the Avalanche from the fourth line, most notably scoring two goals and two assists in a 7-4 victory over the Minnesota Wild on November 28, 2010, to be named first star of the game. Mauldin remained with the Avalanche for a career-high 29 games and 10 points before he was later returned to help Lake Erie to their first post-season berth.

paragraph: In the 2011–12 season, Mauldin failed to make the Avalanche out of training camp and was reassigned to Lake Erie. After a strong start with the Monsters, Mauldin was limited through injury before finishing with 59 games, to place third in Lake Erie scoring 34 points.

paragraph: A free agent, Mauldin returned for a second stint in Europe signing a one-year contract with HC Fribourg-Gottéron of the Swiss NLA on July 23, 2012. At the beginning of the 2014 season Mauldin was named an assistant captain and on November 21, 2014 Mauldin signed a two-year extension with HC Fribourg-Gottéron.

paragraph: Following his fifth season with Fribourg-Gottéron after the 2016–17 season, Mauldin left as a free agent and agreed to a one-year deal with German outfit, ERC Ingolstadt of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL), on August 15, 2017.

paragraph: Mauldin continued his journeyman career, signing in the following summer to a one-year contract with Croatian club, KHL Medveščak Zagreb of the EBEL, on August 1, 2018. In the 2018–19 season, Mauldin produced 15 points in 23 appearances for Zagreb before opting to mutually conclude his contract mid-season to join Norwegian club, the Stavanger Oilers of the GET-ligaen on December 14, 2018.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of black NHL players

description: American ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Greg Mauldin

wikipedia_title: Greg Mauldin


text: historian

text: genealogist

text: officer of arms

text: herald

text: Canadian Heraldic Authority

text: Saguenay Herald

text: Saint-Laurent Herald

text: Auguste Vachon

text: Chief Herald of Canada

text: Robert Watt

text: Académie Internationale d'Héraldique

text: Royal Heraldry Society of Canada

text: Coat of arms of Claire Boudreau

categories: Genealogists,Fellows of the Royal Heraldry Society of Canada,Canadian officers of arms,1965 births,Canadian Heraldic Authority,Living people

paragraph: Claire Boudreau

paragraph: Claire Boudreau, (born 1965) is a Canadian historian, genealogist, and officer of arms. She has served as a herald in the Canadian Heraldic Authority since 17 March 1997 in the office of Saguenay Herald and later as Saint-Laurent Herald, to which office she succeeded on the retirement of Auguste Vachon, and then Deputy Chief Herald from 1 December 2005 until 16 June 2007, when she was made the second Chief Herald of Canada following the retirement of Robert Watt. She is also a nationally and internationally recognized scholar in heraldic studies. She is the author of many articles and publications. She has been the principal designer and administrator of the authority's pioneering online Public Register of Arms, Flags and Badges of Canada, which was unveiled in July 2005. She has been an Academician of the Académie Internationale d'Héraldique since 2000.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "L'héritage Symbolique des Hérauts d'Armes: Dictionnaire Encyclopédique de l'Enseignement du Blason Ancien (XIVe-XVIe siècle)" (Le Léopard d'or, Paris, 2006).

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Royal Heraldry Society of Canada

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Coat of arms of Claire Boudreau

description: Canadian officer of arms

wikidata_label: Claire Boudreau

wikipedia_title: Claire Boudreau


text: zoologist

text: academic

text: marine biology

text: Syracuse University

text: University of Chicago

text: Mount Holyoke

text: Mount Holyoke Female Seminary

text: Latin

text: Andalusia, Pennsylvania

text: Louis Agassiz

text: Penikese Island

text: Buzzard's Bay

text: White Mountains

text: Johns Hopkins University

text: Smithsonian Institution

text: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

text: Williams College

text: Marine Biological Laboratory

text: Woods Hole

text: doctoral dissertation on toadfish

text: University of Chicago

categories: University of Chicago alumni,20th-century American zoologists,19th-century women scientists,1849 births,19th-century American zoologists,Mount Holyoke College alumni,People from Montague, Massachusetts,1934 deaths,Women biologists,Women zoologists,Mount Holyoke College faculty,Syracuse University alumni,American women scientists

paragraph: Cornelia Clapp

paragraph: Cornelia Maria Clapp (March 17, 1849 – December 31, 1934) was an American zoologist and academic specializing in marine biology. She was born in Montague, Massachusetts, the first daughter and oldest child of two teachers, and was rated as one of the top zoologists in the United States in her lifetime.

paragraph: Clapp attended Syracuse University and the University of Chicago, earning both the first and second Ph.B. degrees awarded to women in the United States, in 1889 from Syracuse and 1896 from Chicago. Mount Holyoke’s Cornelia Clapp Laboratory, built in 1924 to house the school’s biology classes, was named in her honor.

paragraph: Section::::Education and career.

paragraph: Clapp completed the equivalent of an undergraduate program at Mount Holyoke Female Seminary (the forerunner of today’s Mount Holyoke College) in 1871 before spending one year as a Latin teacher at a boys' boarding school, Potter Hall, in Andalusia, Pennsylvania.

paragraph: She returned to Mount Holyoke in 1872, teaching mathematics and natural history before becoming the college's gymnastics instructor from 1876 to 1891.

paragraph: Clapp continued her extensive postgraduate studies at Louis Agassiz’s Anderson School of Natural History on Penikese Island, Buzzard's Bay, MA in 1874. She adopted Agassiz's dictum "Study nature, not books!" and applied it to her own teaching.

paragraph: She introduced her learned knowledge via an embryology course at Mount Holyoke, supplanted by specimens from alumni abroad. Along with other New England entomologists, Clapp collected insects from the White Mountains of New Hampshire in the summer of 1875 and from the mid-Atlantic states in 1877. (Stops included the Johns Hopkins University marine station in Beaufort, SC and the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.)

paragraph: Clapp also completed brief studies on chick embryos and earthworms at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under W.T. Sedgwick and at Williams College in the early 1880s. Beginning in 1888, Clapp was affiliated with the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, MA, where she conducted laboratory research and later became a lecturer and a trustee. Her doctoral dissertation on toadfish was published in the "Journal of Morphology" in 1889.

paragraph: When Mount Holyoke made the transition from seminary to college in 1888, Clapp took a three-year leave in order to obtain a doctorate at the University of Chicago. When she returned to Mount Holyoke, she helped organize the department of zoology, and in 1904 she was named professor of zoology. Although she was primarily known as an educator and did not author many scientific research papers, she was named in 1906 as being among the 150 most prominent zoologists in the U.S. by the journal "American Man of Science".

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: At a time when the world of science was just opening up to women, Cornelia Clapp's influence as a teacher was great and enduring. While she published little during her career, her major influence was to extend scientific knowledge and opportunity to women through education.

paragraph: Her direct teaching manner can be felt in the experience of Louise Baird Wallace, who arrived at Mount Holyoke in 1891. Her school principal in Ohio told her: “You ought to study under Dr. Clapp. She keeps live frogs in tanks.” Of Clapp, Louise wrote, “I came, I saw; she conquered. I felt then and have felt ever since that I was never fully alive until I knew her.”

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cornelia Clapp Papers at Mount Holyoke College

paragraph: BULLET::::- Women of Science Cornelia M. Clapp (1849-1934)

alias:
Cornelia Maria Clapp
Cornelia M. Clapp

description: American zoologist

wikidata_label: Cornelia Clapp

wikipedia_title: Cornelia Clapp


text:
Stephen Gardiner
Bishop of Winchester
MP
Taunton
Downton
Devon
Reformation
courtier
Privy Chamber
Philip II of Spain
John Basset
KB
Tehidy
Umberleigh
Sheriff of Cornwall
Sheriff of Devon
Honor Grenville
Sir Thomas Grenville
Stowe
Kilkhampton
lord of the manor
Bideford
Sheriff of Cornwall
Richard Grenville
Anne Bassett
Henry VIII
Mistresses of Henry VIII
Arthur Plantagenet, 1st Viscount Lisle
Edward IV
Elizabeth of York
Lord Deputy of Calais
Calais
Reading Abbey
John Bekinsau
Walter Bucler
Lisle Papers
National Archives
Stephen Gardiner
Bishop of Winchester
Edward VI
Fleet
Tower of London
Mary I
John Foxe
martyrologist
Actes and Monuments
Flanders
Nicholas Harpsfield
schism
Lord Chancellor
Philip II of Spain
Venetian Republic
Edward Courtenay, 1st Earl of Devon
heir apparent
Princess Elizabeth
John Foxe
martyrologist
Woodstock
Henry Bedingfield
Mary Roper
William Roper
Thomas More
Lord Chancellor
Protestant Reformation
privy chamber
Palace of Westminster
Eusebius
Church Fathers
Nicholas Harpsfield
William Rastell
Lincolns Inn
recusancy
Compton Verney
Jesuit
Edmund Campion
Robert Persons
English College in Rome
Rheims
Arthur Bassett
Peter Carew
Mohuns Ottery
free socage
escheat
Great Torrington
feudal barony
St Clement Danes
townhouse
Savoy Hospital
Jane Grey
honour
advowson
retinue
badge
Act of Retainers
Elizabeth I
Smithfield
Henry Machyn
scutcheons
townhouse
Savoy Palace
The Strand
The History of Parliament

categories: 1558 deaths,People of the Tudor period,1526 births,16th-century English people

paragraph: James Basset

paragraph: James Basset (1526–1558) was a gentleman from an ancient Devonshire family who became a servant of Stephen Gardiner (c. 1483–1555), Bishop of Winchester, by whom he was nominated MP for Taunton in 1553, for Downton in 1554, both episcopal boroughs. He also served thrice as MP for Devon in 1554, 1555, and 1558. He was a strong adherent to the Catholic faith during the Reformation started by King Henry VIII. After the death of King Edward VI in 1553 and the accession of the Catholic Queen Mary I, he became a courtier to that queen as a gentleman of the Privy Chamber and received many favours from both herself and her consort Philip II of Spain.

paragraph: Section::::Origins.

paragraph: James Basset was the third son and youngest child of Sir John Basset (1462–1528), KB, of Tehidy in Cornwall and Umberleigh in Devon (Sheriff of Cornwall in 1497, 1517 and 1522 and Sheriff of Devon in 1524) by his second wife Honor Grenville (died 1566), a daughter of Sir Thomas Grenville (died 1513) of Stowe in the parish of Kilkhampton, Cornwall, and lord of the manor of Bideford in North Devon, Sheriff of Cornwall in 1481 and in 1486. Cousin of Sir Richard Grenville, Honor Grenville's nephew.

paragraph: His sister Anne Bassett was allegedly considered as a wife of King Henry VIII and may have been one of the Mistresses of Henry VIII.

paragraph: Section::::Childhood.

paragraph: When James was two years old in 1528 his father died and shortly thereafter his mother remarried to Arthur Plantagenet, 1st Viscount Lisle, who was an illegitimate son of King Edward IV, a half-brother of Queen Elizabeth of York, an uncle of King Henry VIII, and who was appointed by the latter to serve (1533–40) as Lord Deputy of Calais.

paragraph: Section::::Education.

paragraph: James briefly moved to Calais with his mother and stepfather but in 1534, aged eight, was being educated for a clerical career, as befitted a younger son of the gentry, at Reading Abbey. When his mother determined in December 1534 to send James to school in Paris, she turned for help in supervising his care to "John Bekinsau, Thomas Rainolde, and Walter Bucler ... Oxford scholars ... drawn to Paris by the reputation of its great University". He was soon back on the Continent and in August 1535 was at Calvy College in Paris. Between 1536 and 1538 he received private tuition in Paris and St Omer, with a period spent at the College of Navarre in Paris in 1537-8. Sixteen of his letters to his mother survive in the Lisle Papers, held at the UK National Archives.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Reign of Henry VIII.

paragraph: In 1538 he entered the household of Stephen Gardiner (c. 1483–1555), Bishop of Winchester, whom he served firstly as a gentleman of the household, remaining in his faithful service for thirteen years.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Reign of Edward VI.

paragraph: In 1547 at the start of the reign of King Edward VI (1547–1553) Gardiner was imprisoned first in the Fleet and remained in the Tower of London for six years until released on the accession of the Catholic Queen Mary I (1553–1558). During his imprisonment Basset remained loyal to his master and before his trial appealed to the Lord Protector Somerset and later petitioned parliament for his release. At the bishop's trial in 1551 Basset was shown to have been one of his gentlemen waiters and served as one of his proctors, and gave evidence. He was himself imprisoned briefly and released from the Tower of London on 1 October 1551. John Foxe (died 1587) the Protestant martyrologist, in his 1563 work "Actes and Monuments", makes several mentions of James Basset. Having strong Catholic sympathies himself, on his release he fled abroad to Flanders, according to Nicholas Harpsfield (died 1575), "not to be entangled with the schism".

paragraph: On the accession of the Catholic Queen Mary in 1553, Bishop Gardiner was restored to the See of Winchester and appointed Lord Chancellor and Basset returned from his exile to continue serving him. He received appointments within the royal household and a pension of 1,300 crowns from Mary's consort Philip II of Spain. He was sent on various foreign missions by the queen and her consort, including in January 1558 a mission from London to Brussels to inform King Philip that Queen Mary was pregnant.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Reign of Queen Mary I.:Trustee of Earl of Devon.

paragraph: Following the exile in 1555 to the Venetian Republic of Edward Courtenay, 1st Earl of Devon (c. 1527–1556), once a likely husband for Queen Mary, which match had been supported by Bishop Gardiner, Basset became one of the trustees of his extensive English possessions. Basset's step-father Lord Lisle was a relative by marriage to Courtenay. Courtenay made a gift to Basset of his "great horse". An extensive correspondence between Basset and Courtenay survives, amounting to 17 letters in the UK National Archives and 10 in the Venetian Archives The letters in general offer Basset's advice as to the diplomatic and political policy to be followed by Courtney to protect his interests, for example in his first letter from London dated 3 May 1555:... If your lordship would follow my advice I would wish you to make no tarrying for your better furnishing at Antwerp but with that you have to repair with as convenient speed as may be to the Emperor, and when you have once seen him you may at your pleasure repair again to Antwerp and there furnish yourself at your will. I know with the more expedition you arrive there the better it will be accepted and if you should long delay the time by the way it would be suspicious...

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Reign of Queen Mary I.:Assassination attempt on Princess Elizabeth.

paragraph: During the reign of Queen Mary, her sister and heir apparent the Protestant Princess Elizabeth is said by John Foxe (died 1587) the Protestant martyrologist, to have been the target of an assassination attempt by Basset, which has been dismissed by Byrne (1981) as "apocryphal": Another time one of the privy chamber, a great man about the queen and chief darling of Stephen Gardiner named Master James Basset, came to Bladon Bridge, a mile from Woodstock, with 20 or 30 privy coats [soldiers wearing concealed chain-mail] and sent for Sir Henry Benifield to come and speak with him.

paragraph: The princess's custodian between May 1554 to April 1555 was Sir Henry Bedingfield, who was away, but his brother met Basset at the bridge and "would suffer him in no case to approach in, who otherwise (as is supposed) was appointed violently to murder the innocent lady".

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and progeny.

paragraph: At some time between September 1553 and June 1556 James Basset married (as her second husband) Mary Roper (died 20 March 1572), daughter of William Roper (1495/6-1578), of St Dunstan's, Canterbury, of Eltham, Kent and of Chelsea, Middlesex, several times an MP for various constituencies, by his wife Margaret More, daughter of Sir Thomas More (1478–1535), Lord Chancellor to King Henry VIII and opponent to the Protestant Reformation.

paragraph: Widow of Stephen Clarke, Mary was one of the gentlewomen of Queen Mary's privy chamber and at her accession was one of nine ladies attending her, together with Anne Basset, James' sister, on her journey from the Tower of London to the Palace of Westminster on 30 September 1553, the day before her coronation. She was a noted scholar of Greek and Latin and translated the "Ecclesiastical History" by Eusebius and the works of other of the early Church Fathers, as mentioned by Nicholas Harpsfield (died 1575) in his "Life of More". She also translated the "Treaty on the Passion" by her grandfather Sir Thomas More, which was published in William Rastell's 1557 edition of More's works.

paragraph: He had by Mary Roper the following progeny:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Philip Basset (born May 1557), eldest son and heir, who was named after his father's master Phillip II of Spain, who gave presents to Mary Roper on her marriage and was godfather by proxy to Philip Basset at his christening. The Spanish ambassador, count de Feria, gave from King Philip "a great gilt cup", later mentioned in James' will. He trained as a lawyer entering Lincolns Inn on 8 October 1572, from which he was later expelled for recusancy. He was jailed in the Fleet, but probably escaped to Ireland. He married a sister of Richard Verney of Compton Verney in Warwickshire, but had a difficult life due to his adherence to the Catholic religion. By 1595 his fortunes had almost entirely disappeared.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Charles Basset, 2nd son, born posthumously 1558/9. He too suffered for his recusancy. He was arrested in 1581 as having been associated with the Jesuit priests Edmund Campion (died 1581) and Robert Persons (died 1610) and the Jesuit mission of that year. He was admitted to the English College in Rome in November 1581 with a letter of introduction from Persons to the Rector describing him as " a youth of an illustrious and wealthy family and the great-grandson of Sir Thomas More with talent, manners, virtues worthy of himself and his ancestors". His health broke down in 1583 and he returned to France and died "a most holy death" at Rheims, bequeathing all his possessions to the English College in Rome.

paragraph: Section::::Lands, assets and revenues acquired.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 1551 he was receiving £4 per annum wages from Bishop Gardiner with a further £14 annuity comprising £4 from the manor of Taunton and £10 from "East Mere" ("sic") (probably East Meon in Hampshire), both episcopal possessions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- On 10 March 1554 Queen Mary granted him the wardship and marriage of his nephew Arthur Bassett (1541–1586), together with an annuity of £20 payable from his estates.

paragraph: BULLET::::- On 10 March 1555 "in consideration of his service" and addressed as "Gentleman of the Queen's Privy Chamber" he received from Queen Mary a 30-year lease of lands previously held by Sir Peter Carew (c. 1510–1575), of Mohuns Ottery, Devon, MP, attainted of high treason.

paragraph: BULLET::::- On 12 May 1555 he was granted by Queen Mary a 30-year lease (in free socage for a rent of £29 3s per annum) of the escheated manor and lordship of Great Torrington, "caput" of a feudal barony, in North Devon. The grant included Town Mills, all markets and fairs with their profits, various local woodlands and "all other lands and franchises belonging either to the lordship, the borough or the town".

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 1556, having received the wardship of his nephew Arthur Bassett, he received a lease of many of his lands.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In February 1556 he acquired an 80-year lease for the rent of 40 shillings per annum from the parson of St Clement Danes of the townhouse in London next to the Savoy Hospital, built and formerly occupied by Sir Thomas Palmer, attainted of high treason for seeking to elevate Lady Jane Grey to the throne.

paragraph: BULLET::::- On 15 April 1557 he received a grant of the reversion of the office of keeper of Goodmanshide Park at Hunsdon, Hertfordshire and of keeper of the manor and parks of Hunsdon and of steward and bailiff of the honour and lordship of Hunsdon and Eastwick in Hertfordshire.

paragraph: BULLET::::- On 21 May 1557 Basset received a 40-year lease at the annual rent of £200 of various lands and manors being the eventual inheritance of his nephew Arthur Basset, a minor. The grant was made "at the special suit and petition of Arthur Basset, esquire, now under the age of 21...upon petition of James Basset esquire, one of the gentlemen of the Queen's privy chamber, and in consideration of James Basset's services". The lands included:

paragraph: BULLET::::- In Devon: Heanton Punchardon, Bulkworthy, Riddlecombe, Heanton Forinseca, Beaford and Mershe and Bickingholt in Devon; the advowsons of Atherington, Bickington, Parkham, Landcross in Devon

paragraph: BULLET::::- In Gloucestershire: Frampton Cottrell, Westonbirt, Ablington and Sandhurst, and the reversion of other manors.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In Wiltshire: Asserton

paragraph: BULLET::::- In Somerset: the reversion of various manors

paragraph: BULLET::::- On 10 August 1557 James Basset received royal licence to keep a retinue of 20 persons "over and besides all such persons as daily attend upon him in his household"..."and to the same to give him livery, badge or cognizance", and was pardoned for any offences previously committed by him against the Act of Retainers.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 1558 in conjunction with Ralph Cholmley (c. 1517–63), of London, MP, he acquired over £2,000 worth of property in Devon.

paragraph: Section::::Death and burial.

paragraph: James Basset died on 21 November 1558, at the start of the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, and was buried on 26 November at the "Blackfriars in Smithfield", ("sic"), London, to whom he bequeathed £20 in his will. A description of his funeral was made in the "Diary" of Henry Machyn as follows:The 26th day of November was buried at the blackfriars in Smithfield Master Basset, squire, one of the Privy Chamber with Queen Mary; and he had two white branches [white candlesticks] and twelve torches and four great tapers and a herald ... a coat armour, a pennon of arms and two dozen of scutcheons.

paragraph: He was survived by his wife Mary Roper, then pregnant with his second child Charles. It is likely his life under the new Protestant queen would have been one of hardship, possibly of exile or imprisonment.

paragraph: Section::::Succession and bequests.

paragraph: By his will dated 6 September 1558 he bequeathed to his wife her jewels, half his goods, his house in Chelsea and a life interest in his lands. Also he made small bequests to three of his sisters. To his unborn child, Charles Basset, he left the lease of his London townhouse near the Savoy Palace in The Strand. The residue of his un-entailed estate, excepting a few small bequests, he ordered to be sold to pay his debts.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Virgoe, Roger, biography of James Bassett published in The History of Parliament: House of Commons 1509–1558, ed. S.T. Bindoff, 1982

paragraph: BULLET::::- Byrne, Muriel St. Clare, (ed.) The Lisle Letters, 6 vols, University of Chicago Press, Chicago & London, 1981

description: English MP and courtier

wikidata_label: James Basset

wikipedia_title: James Basset


text:
Italian
Armenian
Padova
Julfa
Mechitarist
Andrea Maffei
Antonio Fogazzaro
Naples
Domenico Gnoli
Perugia

categories: 19th-century Italian poets,1910 deaths,Italian women poets,19th-century Italian writers,Italian people of Armenian descent,1855 births,19th-century Italian women writers,People from Padua,Deaths from cancer in Italy

paragraph: Vittoria Aganoor

paragraph: Vittoria Aganoor (, 26 May 1855 – 9 April 1910) was an Italian poet with Armenian ancestry. She is considered a "minor but important figure in nineteenth century poetry".

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: She was born in Padova, the seventh child of Edoardo Aganoor and Giuseppina Pacini. Her father's family was wealthy Armenian nobility. They had moved to Persia in the eleventh century, settling in Julfa. Later on, acting on the advice of Mechitarist fathers, the family migrated to live in Paris. In France, they founded two notable educational institutions for Armenian nobility: The Collège Raphaël in Paris, followed by the Collegio Moorat in Venice.

paragraph: Vittoria's parents married in 1847 and moved to Padova. There they took up residence in the 'Casa degli Armeni', or 'House of the Armenians', in Prato della Valle. It was here that Vittoria, along with her four sisters, spent her childhood and adolescence.

paragraph: Many Italian celebrities, such as Andrea Maffei or Antonio Fogazzaro, visited their home when she was a child. In 1876 she went living to Naples, where she met Enrico Nencioni, who helped her with her poetry, although she wrote letters more often to Domenico Gnoli. She was very emotionally dependent on her family because of her depressive moods and although she was a precocious writer, she did not publish her first book, "Leggenda eterna", until 1900. In 1901, she married Guido Pompilj, a well-known member of parliament, and later the Italian Undersecretary of State. Together they went to Perugia. She died from surgery in Rome on 9 April 1910, aged 54.

paragraph: Her husband, heartbroken by her death, committed suicide shortly thereafter next to her corpse.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I cavalli di San Marco", Venezia, Stab. Tip. C. Ferrari, 1892;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A mio padre. Versi", Venezia, Stab. Tip. Lit. C. Ferrari, 1893;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "", Milano, Treves, 1900

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nuove Liriche", Roma, Nuova antologia, 1908;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Poesie complete", Firenze, F. Le Monnier, 1927;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nuove liriche", a cura di John Butcher, Bologna, Nuova S1, 2007;

description: Italian poet

wikidata_label: Vittoria Aganoor

wikipedia_title: Vittoria Aganoor


href: Switzerland Venice Ticino Victor%20Emanuel%20II%20of%20Italy megalethoscope alethoscope

text:
Swiss
Venice
Ticino
Victor Emanuel II of Italy
megalethoscope
alethoscope

categories: 1893 deaths,Italian photographers,1823 births,People from Ticino,People from Venice,Swiss emigrants to Italy

paragraph: Carlo Ponti (photographer)

paragraph: Carlo Ponti (1823–1893) was a Swiss-born optician and photographer from Venice.

paragraph: Carlo Ponti was born in Ticino. He was optician to King Victor Emanuel II of Italy and inventor of megalethoscope, a viewing device for photographs and its larger version the alethoscope.

description: Italian photographer and optician

wikidata_label: Carlo Ponti

wikipedia_title: Carlo Ponti (photographer)


text: Democratic Party

text: South Dakota

text: Chief Executive Officer

text: Bill Clinton

text: Federal Emergency Management Agency

text: Tom Daschle

text: Tim Johnson

text: 2014 Senate election

text: Madison, South Dakota

text: University of South Dakota

text: Sioux Falls, South Dakota

text: Rapid City, South Dakota

text: Washington, D.C.

text: Tim Johnson

text: was elected

text: John Thune

text: run for the U.S. Senate

text: Stephanie Herseth

text: Bill Clinton

text: Evergreen, Colorado

text: Colorado

text: Utah

text: North Dakota

text: Wyoming

text: Montana

text: 1997 Red River Flood

text: Spencer, South Dakota

text: Bill Janklow

text: Columbine tragedy

text: Pine Ridge Indian Reservation

text: Bill Janklow

text: Black Hills, South Dakota

text: AARP

text: Chief Operating Officer

text: China

text: Tom Daschle

text: big money

text: Gordon Howie

text: Larry Pressler

text: Mike Rounds

text: Keystone Pipeline

text: Rick Weiland for Senate

categories: Candidates in the 2002 United States elections,21st-century American politicians,1958 births,South Dakota Democrats,20th-century American politicians,Candidates in the 1996 United States elections,People from Madison, South Dakota,Politicians from Sioux Falls, South Dakota,Living people,People from Evergreen, Colorado

paragraph: Rick Weiland

paragraph: Richard Paul Weiland (born July 26, 1958) is an American businessman, politician and member of the Democratic Party from the state of South Dakota. Weiland was the Chief Executive Officer of the International Code Council, was appointed by Bill Clinton to the Federal Emergency Management Agency and served as senior advisor to former U.S. Senator Tom Daschle.

paragraph: He was the Democratic nominee for South Dakota's at-large congressional district in 1996 and a candidate for the Democratic nomination for the district in 2002. He was the Democratic nominee the U.S. Senate seat being vacated by Democrat Tim Johnson in the 2014 Senate election.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Weiland was born in Madison, South Dakota, to Thoreen and Donald Weiland. Weiland’s father and mother owned and operated a local ambulance service and funeral home, serving Madison and the surrounding communities. Weiland graduated from Madison High School in 1976, where he first met his wife, Stacy Newcomb. He graduated from the University of South Dakota in 1980 with a degree in communications and political science.

paragraph: Weiland and his wife have been married since 1981. They have five children and live in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, where they are small-business owners.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: After college, Weiland moved to Sioux Falls, where he started working for then-Congressman Tom Daschle. Weiland married Stacy Newcomb in 1981, and in 1983 they moved to Rapid City, South Dakota where Weiland opened the first west-river field office for Daschle. Weiland and his family then moved to Washington, D.C. in 1985 to serve as Tom Daschle’s National Finance Director and Senior Advisor.

paragraph: In 1989, Weiland returned to Sioux Falls to serve as then-Senator Daschle’s State Director. Weiland stayed in that position until 1995, when he resigned to run for Congress.

paragraph: Section::::Congressional campaigns.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996

paragraph: In 1996, Weiland ran for South Dakota's at-large congressional district. The seat was being vacated by Democrat Tim Johnson, who was elected to the U.S. Senate. Weiland won the Democratic primary with 42%, defeating James Abbott (28%), Dennis Jones (17%) and Linda Stensland (13%). In the general election, he lost to Republican John Thune by 58% to 37%.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002

paragraph: In 2002, with Thune giving up his seat in Congress to unsuccessfully run for the U.S. Senate against incumbent Tim Johnson, Weiland ran again. This time, he lost in the Democratic primary to Stephanie Herseth by 58% to 32%.

paragraph: Section::::Regional Director of FEMA.

paragraph: After the 1996 election, Weiland was appointed by President Bill Clinton to serve as the Region VIII Director of FEMA, and the family, by then including daughters Taylor and Alexandra, moved to Evergreen, Colorado. As Region VIII Director, Weiland oversaw several states, including South Dakota, Colorado, Utah, North Dakota, Wyoming, and Montana.

paragraph: In 1997, as Weiland was being installed as regional director of FEMA, the Red River swamped its banks, causing unprecedented flooding to North Dakota and Minnesota, inundating all of downtown Fargo and causing the evacuation of Grand Forks, North Dakota in an event known as the 1997 Red River Flood. He supervised the Federal recovery response, which served over 29,000 applicants in Grand Forks, alone.

paragraph: In 1998, Weiland spearheaded the disaster relief response when Spencer, South Dakota was struck by a major tornado, wiping out the town in the event known as the Late-May 1998 tornado outbreak and derecho. Weiland coordinated with then-Governor Bill Janklow to ensure that the residents of Spencer received food, shelter, and other necessities.

paragraph: In 1998, Weiland assisted local officials in response to the Columbine tragedy. Weiland and his staff helped to coordinate work among disparate agencies to provide public affairs support to local law enforcement.

paragraph: In 1999, an F2 tornado devastated the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. Weiland utilized federal aid freed up by President Clinton to assist the communities impacted by the tornado. In 2000, Weiland again worked with then-Governor Bill Janklow to coordinate the Federal response to the Jasper fire in Black Hills, South Dakota.

paragraph: Later in 2000, Weiland led a "historic" conference from 28 tribal nations within FEMA Region VIII. At the conference, Weiland and FEMA worked to establish more effective emergency management and coordination to improve services to underprivileged communities on tribal reservations throughout FEMA Region VIII. The conference established a Tribal Emergency Management Coordination Council with representatives from 21 of the 28 tribes present.

paragraph: Section::::State Director of AARP.

paragraph: In 2001, Weiland returned to South Dakota, where he ran again for Congress in 2002, losing in the Democratic primary. Following the campaign, Weiland took over as the State Director for the AARP in 2002.

paragraph: Weiland took responsibility for AARP's 85,000 South Dakota members, developed and implemented numerous successful statewide campaigns to increase membership, participation, value to members, awareness and advocacy, including the establishment of a Senior Bill of Rights protecting Social Security and Medicare.

paragraph: Section::::Work with International Code Council.

paragraph: Weiland left his position with the AARP to join the International Code Council, serving first as its Chief Operating Officer and later as its Chief Executive Officer. As COO, Weiland successfully consolidated several regional legacy organizations into the larger umbrella group.

paragraph: As CEO, Weiland spearheaded efforts to create the nation’s first Green Construction Code and Standards for commercial and residential structures.

paragraph: This Code was published in 2012 and has already been adopted in several states and communities. Weiland traveled extensively to promote responsible and sustainable Building Codes and practices. Weiland spoke to numerous municipalities and other governmental agencies all over the United States and the world, including China where he was invited by the Chinese government to speak to its officials about implementing safer and sustainable Building Codes.

paragraph: Weiland stepped down from his position on September 17, 2012 to pursue other opportunities.

paragraph: Section::::2014 Senatorial campaign.

paragraph: On May 8, 2013, Weiland announced that he would seek the Democratic nomination for the South Dakota's U.S. Senate seat.

paragraph: The seat was being vacated by Democrat Tim Johnson, who announced he would not be seeking reelection in 2014. Both Johnson and former Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle endorsed Weiland.

paragraph: Weiland's campaign emphasized the need to fight the corrupting influence of "big money."

paragraph: Weiland won the Democratic nomination and faced two independent candidates (former Republican State Senator Gordon Howie and former three-term Republican U.S. Senator Larry Pressler), and Republican former Governor Mike Rounds in the general election.

paragraph: Weiland called for opening up Medicare for all Americans, sometimes referred to as a public option; expanding Social Security; fighting the Keystone Pipeline; and adopting a Constitutional amendment overturning Citizens United.

paragraph: He went on to lose the four-way Senatorial bid to Mike Rounds. While Rounds got 50.37% of the votes cast, Weiland garnered just 29.51%, and Pressler and Howie combined for slightly over 20% of the vote.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rick Weiland for Senate

alias:
Richard Paul Weiland
Richard P. Weiland
Richard Weiland

description: United States politician

wikidata_label: Rick Weiland

wikipedia_title: Rick Weiland


text:
Cardinal
Roman Catholic Church
Bishop of Wrocław
noble
Pogorzela
Canon
Wrocław
Bologna
Bishop
Wrocław
Archbishop of Gniezno
Janisława
Avignon
Papal
Wroclaw Cathedral
St. Stanislaus
Church
Hospital
Nysa
Carmelite
Carthusian
Augustinian
Benedictine
monasteries
Jadwiga
Emperor
Charles IV of Luxembourg
Casimir the Great
Jánský vrch
Bolko II
Świdnica
Wrocław Cathedral

categories: Prince-Bishops of Breslau,14th-century Roman Catholic bishops,1376 deaths,1310 births

paragraph: Preczlaw of Pogarell

paragraph: Przecław of Pogarell (5 May 1310 – 6 April 1376) was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and Bishop of Wrocław from 1342-1376.

paragraph: Przecław of Pogorzela was born on 5 May 1310 into a noble family from Pogorzela and by April 1329 was Canon of Wrocław. In 1336 visited Bologna for study.

paragraph: On 5 May 1341 he was elected Bishop of Wrocław, however due to opposition of the Archbishop of Gniezno, Janisława, he had to personally go to Avignon for Papal approval, which was confirmed on 28 January 1342.

paragraph: A tireless builder, he oversaw the completion of Wroclaw Cathedral, built the Church of St. Stanislaus, and Dorothy, the chapel of St. Mary's Church and Joseph's Hospital in Nysa. He also founded Carmelite, Carthusian, Augustinian and Benedictine monasteries. He introduced the feast of St. Jadwiga and also had audiences with Emperor Charles IV of Luxembourg and Casimir the Great. In 1348, he purchased the castle of Jánský vrch from Bolko II of Świdnica, and turned it into the palace of the prince-bishops of Wrocław.

paragraph: He died on the night of 5 to 6 April 1376 and was buried in the chapel of St. Mary's Church, Wrocław Cathedral, in a marble sarcophagus. His has been considered a "golden age" of the bishopric of Wrocław.

description: Polish priest

wikidata_label: Preczlaw of Pogarell

wikipedia_title: Preczlaw of Pogarell


text: Belgian

text: absurdist

text: Courcelles

text: Montigny-le-Tilleul

text: Yann Moix

text: Benoît Poelvoorde

text: Frédéric Sojcher

text: Cannes Film Festival

text: Bouli Lanners

text: Walloon

text: Official website

text: Interview

categories: Belgian film directors,2014 deaths,1946 births

paragraph: Jean-Jacques Rousseau (director)

paragraph: Jean-Jacques Rousseau (December 16, 1946 – November 5, 2014) was a Belgian absurdist independent film director. He was born in Souvret, Belgium (Courcelles) and died in Montigny-le-Tilleul. He shot his films with very small budgets (€2000 to 2500 per film) and used unknown or non-professional actors. He called himself "the director of the absurd" and always fiercely protected his anonymity by masking his face during his public appearances. He shot over 50 films making him one of Belgium's most prolific film directors.

paragraph: His life was supposed to be the subject of a Yann Moix film, called "Palme d'or", starring Benoît Poelvoorde. The project was not filmed. Moix did make, without Poelvoorde, the disastrous '. Frédéric Sojcher's film ', also known as "Born to Film", was selected and shown at the Cannes Film Festival in 2004, is dedicated to Rousseau's work as well as Max Naveaux's and Jacques Hardy's. It stars the actors Bouli Lanners and Benoît Poelvoorde.

paragraph: Rousseau's first few films were fairly conventional examples of the fantasy genre. However, some of them won regional awards in the 1970s (people's choice, best screenplay). A semi-permanent lack of financial resources prevented him from making technically accomplished films. However, he financed, edited, directed and acted in most of them. He was also known for carrying a gun on set and sometimes firing it to get the actors' attention.

paragraph: Having a fertile imagination fueled by esoteric tastes in books, his films shunned the mainstream more and more, thus becoming marginalized. He never received subsidies to finance his films. Patrick Moriau, a Belgian politician, stated once that ""If one asked me to allocate part of the Walloon Community's finances to the Committee for Film Selection, the money would undoubtedly never go into Rousseau's pockets. He may be a kind man, but his films are frankly wild and scare people.""

paragraph: On the evening of July 15, 2014 after an altercation outside a café between two men, he was run over by a car driven by one of the men and remained in a coma until his death later that year on November 5.

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Igor Yaboutich" (1964)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Poignard maudit" (1965)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Malfaiteurs" (1966)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Vallée de la Sûre" (1966)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "L'Abstrait" (1968)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Cauchemar" (1969)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Germaine Grandieu" (1972)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Compagnons de justice" (1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Reposoir" (1975)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Immortels" (1975)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Catalepsie" (1976)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "L'étoile du mal" (1977)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dossier Réincarnation" (1977)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Marcheurs de la grande armée" (1978)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Diabolical Dr. Flak" (1978)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "L'histoire du cinéma 16" (1983)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cannes année européenne du cinéma" (1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ciné effet" (1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Massacre au pied de biche"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Incubes d'Escargnole"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Xeno-Zenit"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Furor Teutonicus" (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Road Movie" (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wallonie 2084" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Irkutz 88" (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Revanche du sacristain cannibale" (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Chasseur de succubes" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La mécanique du rasoir" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "L'invasion des succubes" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rock Mendès" (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Retour du Docteur Loiseau" (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Un colonial chez les Celtes" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Karminsky-Grad" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "L'amputeur wallon" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "1er juillet chez Olga" (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Couturier" (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Docteur Loiseau : la solution finale" (2014)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rousseau on the Lausanne Underground Film and Music Festival's website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interview

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ecran Large Interview: "The Belgian Ed Wood"

paragraph: BULLET::::- La Revue Toudi: "Jean-Jacques Rousseau, cinéaste wallon" par François André

description: Belgian absurdist film director

wikidata_label: Jean-Jacques Rousseau

wikipedia_title: Jean-Jacques Rousseau (director)


text: DSC

text: British

text: Royal Naval Air Service

text: Bradfield, Essex

text: Osborne

text: Dartmouth

text: Sopwith Pup

text: Scapa Flow

text: Orkney

text: drowned

text: Distinguished Service Cross

text: mentioned in despatches

text: mentioned in despatches

text: CWGC entry

text: HMS Furious

categories: Royal Navy officers of World War I,Royal Naval Air Service aviators,Aviators killed in aviation accidents or incidents in Scotland,Recipients of the Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom),1917 deaths,1892 births

paragraph: Edwin Harris Dunning

paragraph: Squadron Commander Edwin Harris Dunning, DSC (17 July 1892 – 7 August 1917), of the British Royal Naval Air Service, was the first pilot to land an aircraft on a moving ship.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Dunning was born in South Africa on 17 July 1892 the second child of Sir Edwin Harris Dunning of Jacques Hall, Bradfield, Essex. He was educated at Royal Naval Colleges at Osborne and Dartmouth.

paragraph: Section::::First landing on a moving ship.

paragraph: Dunning landed his Sopwith Pup on in Scapa Flow, Orkney on 2 August 1917. He was killed five days later, during his third landing attempt of the day, when an updraft caught his port wing, throwing his plane overboard. Knocked unconscious, he drowned in the cockpit.

paragraph: He is buried at St Lawrence's Church, Bradfield, between his parents. A plaque in the church states:

paragraph: In memory of Dunning, the Dunning Cup or Dunning Memorial Cup is given annually to the officer who is considered to have done most to further aviation in connection with the Fleet for the year in question. In the 1950s and 1960s it was awarded to Royal Air Force squadrons which achieve the highest standard on courses at the Joint Anti-Submarine School.

paragraph: Section::::Honours and awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 14 March 1916 - Flight Lieutenant Edwin Harris Dunning, RNAS is awarded the Distinguished Service Cross- "Has performed exceptionally good work as a seaplane flyer, making many long flights both for spotting and photographing."

paragraph: BULLET::::- 14 March 1916 - mentioned in despatches for service at Gallipoli.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1 October 1917 - The following Officers and Men have been mentioned in despatches - Sqdrn. Cdr. Edwin Harris Dunning, DSC., RNAS (since killed).

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- CWGC entry

paragraph: BULLET::::- Memorial to Squadron Commander Edwin Harris Dunning DSC in St Lawrence's Church, Bradfield, Essex

paragraph: BULLET::::- HMS Furious

description: Royal Navy officer

wikidata_label: Edwin Harris Dunning

wikipedia_title: Edwin Harris Dunning


text:
Dublin
Las Vegas, Nevada
United States
LiR
keyboard
LiR
The Who
U2
Ray Charles
Iggy Pop
The Who
keyboards
Amber and Green
Amber and Green
soundtrack
Irish top 40 charts
Running with Knives
The Hottie and the Nottie
There Are Debts
The Year of Getting to Know Us
MTV
Missing
David Gray
Dan Reynolds
Imagine Dragons
Matt Nathanson
Damien Rice
The Frames
Lindsey Stirling
Teitur
Jeff Buckley
Sinéad O'Connor
Bell X1
Dan Reynolds
Imagine Dragons
BYUtv
Audio-Files
Dave Keuning
Mark Stoermer
The Killers
Dark Arts
Mark Stoermer
Mark Stoermer
Amber and Green
Running With Knives
There Are Debts
The Year of Getting to Know Us
David Hopkins Music on CDBaby
Irish Label Reekus Records Site
Bombay Heavy Music on Bandcamp

categories: Irish keyboardists,Irish singer-songwriters,1971 births,Living people,Musicians from Dublin (city)

paragraph: David Hopkins (musician)

paragraph: David Hopkins (born January 18, 1971) is a singer-songwriter, originally from Dublin, Ireland and currently residing in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States. He is also the singer for the group Bombay Heavy and was the original keyboardist for Irish alternative rock group LiR.

paragraph: Section::::LiR (1990s–2001).

paragraph: Hopkins launched his music career playing keyboard in the Dublin rock band LiR. The original lineup was David McGuiness on vocals, Robert Malone on bass, Ronan Byrne on guitar, David Hopkins on keyboards and Craig Hutchinson on drums. The band came together at the Ballyfermot Rock College, and were known as the Spontaneous Frogs before settling on the name Lir. The group signed to What Are Records and released "Magico, Magico", which went to #1 on the alternative albums chart and scored a UK top 10 hit, "In A Day," penned by Hopkins. They toured the US twelve times while Hopkins was with them, including touring with The Who. They also opened for other rock icons including U2, Ray Charles, Iggy Pop, etc. LiR are also the subject of the documentary "Good Cake Bad Cake: The Story of LiR".

paragraph: Section::::Solo career (2001–present).

paragraph: In 2001, while touring in the US with LiR, Hopkins left the band and stayed in the US. After a move to San Francisco, Hopkins toured with The Who, playing keyboards on the 2001 Quadrophenia Tour.

paragraph: Hopkins then released the full-length album "Here Comes The Bright Light", which "Dublin Event Guide" dubbed "a classic." Later he signed with independent label Reekus Records, with whom he released "Amber and Green" (2005) and the single "Merry Christmas My Love". The title track for "Amber and Green" can be heard on the soundtrack for "", and reached the Irish top 40 charts as did "Merry Christmas My Love".

paragraph: In 2007 Hopkins released the album "Running with Knives". The album is featured in the soundtrack to Paris Hilton's 2008 movie "The Hottie and the Nottie" featuring Joel Moore. In 2009 Hopkins released the album "There Are Debts".

paragraph: Hopkins' songs found a larger audience through wide-release motion pictures such as Paris Hilton's "The Hottie and the Nottie", "Van Wilder 2: The Rise of Taj", "Speed Dating", and "The Year of Getting to Know Us", starring Jimmy Fallon, Lucy Liu and Sharon Stone. Tracks from this era can also be heard throughout MTV's "" and "Missing".

paragraph: Hopkins has performed his solo material with David Gray, Dan Reynolds (of Imagine Dragons), Matt Nathanson, Damien Rice, The Frames, Lindsey Stirling, Teitur, Jeff Buckley, Sinéad O'Connor, Bell X1 among others. Dan Reynolds of Imagine Dragons cites the Hopkins song "Jackson" as "an early and lasting influence" on BYUtv's Audio-Files.

paragraph: Section::::Bombay Heavy (2014–present).

paragraph: Using the nom de plume "Barnabus Wu" Hopkins is the frontman for Bombay Heavy. The group draws its influence from the likes of classic rock bands such as Pink Floyd or Led Zeppelin, playing a kind of psychedelic rock & roll; a striking contrast to David's usual singer-songwriter style. The group's debut EP features Dave Keuning and Mark Stoermer of The Killers, which is no surprise considering Bombay Heavy's connection to the Las Vegas-based power group. Two of their earliest gigs were as the opener for The Killers in 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Aubergine Electric (2015–present).

paragraph: Hopkins, Rob Whitehead, Bobby Lee Parker, Tobias Ashmore, and Mac Burruss will release Debut EP "Unreachable On Mountain" in June 2015. The EP also features Mark Stoermer (The Killers).

paragraph: Section::::Other contributions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (co-producer) Dark Arts (2016) - Mark Stoermer

paragraph: BULLET::::- (co-producer) Filthy Apes and Lions (2017) - Mark Stoermer

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Over There, Jean-Pierre" (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Here Comes The Bright Light" (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Amber and Green" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Running With Knives" (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fake Fur Coat" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "There Are Debts" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Overlook" (2018)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:EPs.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Scared Rabbit EP" (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Merry Christmas My Love EP" (2005)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Soundtracks.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Amber & Green" - "" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Summer Song" - "The Year of Getting to Know Us" (2008)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Other.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Onda (Music for Chakras)" (1992) - Joint project with Eric Albiez & Ljubo Majstorovic

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tangara" (1995) - Joint project with Eric Liorzou

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Reekus Christmas Compilation" (2010) - "Merry Christmas My Love"

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- David Hopkins Music on CDBaby

paragraph: BULLET::::- Irish Label Reekus Records Site

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bombay Heavy Music on Bandcamp

description: Irish musician

wikidata_label: David Hopkins

wikipedia_title: David Hopkins (musician)