text:
Tamil
Vaishnava
Guru
Hindu
Vaishnavism
India
Narayana
Rama
Vaishnava
Guru
Vedanta Desika
Vijayanagar Empire
Krishnadevaraya
Divya Desam
Sri Rangam
Kanchipuram
Tirumala
Melkote
Srivilliputtur
Ramanuja
Vaishnavism
Ramanujacharya
Visishtadvaita
Satya Yuga
Nathamuni
Tirumala
Tirupati
Balaji
Sanskrit
Ramanuja
Ramanuja
Sri Bhasya
Veda Vyasa
Brahma Sutras
Nammalvar
Tamil
Alwars
Vedanta Desika
Nathamuni
Kumbakonam
Vijayanagar Empire
Vijayanagar Empire
Dharma
Raja Guru
Chief Minister
Vaishnavism
Chandragiri
Bharath
Hindu
Hanuman
Rama
Hanuman
Hanuman
Rama
Hanuman
Rama
Sita
Lakshmana
Lakshmi
Hanuman
India
Hanuman
prakarams
Kanchipuram
Vaishnavism
Ramanujacharya
Vedanta Desikan
Tamil
Vedanta Desikan
Vedanta Desika
Nammalvar
Thiruvaimozhi
Nalayira Divya Prabandham
Ramanujacharya
Dharma
Krishnadevaraya
Divya Desam
Kanchipuram
Kanchipuram
Sriperumbudur
Kumbakonam
Ramanujacharya
Tirumala
Ramanuja
Vedanta Desika
Vijayanagar
Saluva
Tuluva
Sangama
Hoysala
Chalukya
gothra
Kanchipuram
Trichy
Madurai
Chandragiri
Tamil Nadu
Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh
Vedanta Desika
Varadharaja Perumal Temple
Kanchipuram
Pankaj Berry
Tenali Rama

categories: Vaishnavism,Indian male philosophers,16th-century Indian philosophers,Sri Vaishnavism,Scholars from Tamil Nadu,Indian Hindu religious leaders,People from Thanjavur district

paragraph: Lakshmi Kumara Thathachariar

paragraph: Lakshmi Kumara Thathachariar or Sri Lakshmi Kumara Thatha Desikan or Tathacharya (Sanskrit): श्री लक्ष्मी कुमार ताता देसिकन, Tamil: ஸ்ரீ லக்ஷ்மி குமார தாத தேசிகன்) (1456–1543) was a prominent Vaishnava saint and Guru in the Hindu tradition in Vaishnavism, India. Sri Lakshmi Kumara Thatha Desikan was a devotee of Lord Narayana specially Lord Rama and the Vaishnava Guru /acharya Swamy Vedanta Desika. He has the title Kottikannikadhana Thirumalai Edur Immadi Royadurgam Sri Lakshmi Kumara Thatha Desikan. He was the Royal Preceptor "Raja Guru" of king of Vijayanagar Empire Krishnadevaraya. He was the "Manager-General" of the Divya Desam Temples including Sri Rangam, Kanchipuram, Tirumala, Melkote, Srivilliputtur, He is recorded as one of the greatest Aacharyas in the lineage of Sri Ramanuja's Vaishnavism.

paragraph: Sri Thatha Desika was the adopted son of the famous Sri Pancha Madha Bandhana Thatha Desikan (his paternal uncle), a learned scholar and most revered aacharya of the Indian Philosophy and Sri Ramanujacharya's "Visishtadvaita".

paragraph: Section::::Sri Thatha Desikan.

paragraph: Taking the roots from Sri Satamarshana maharishi in Krutha Yuga Satya Yuga, the first among the yugas, Sri Thatha Desikan hails from a very glorious acharya lineage with the hereditary relations from various Aacharyas of Sri Vaishnava philosophy like Sriman Natha Munigal (Nathamuni), Sri Alavandhar, Sri Thirumalai Nambigal (who is believed to be called by the Lord of Seven Hills, Tirumala Tirupati Sri Balaji as "Thathah:" the Sanskrit equivalent of the English Term "Holy Father"). Sri Thirumalai Nambigal being the maternal uncle of Sri Ramanujacharya (Ramanuja) and the one who corrected Sri Govinda Bhattar alias 'Embar' the brother of Sri Ramanuja and a venerated saint of Sri Vaishnava Sampradhaya. Sri Thirukurugai Piran Pillan being the son of Sri Thirumalai Nambigal was appointed as the 'Sri Ubhaya Vedhanta Sri Bhashya Simhasanathipathi' - literally meaning the 'Divine Incharge' of the 'Sri Bhashya' (Sri Bhasya) the treatise to Sri Veda Vyasa's "Brahma Sutras" written by Sri Ramanujacharya and the "Nalayira Dhivya Prabandham" (especially 'Thiruvaimozhi' of Sri Nammalvar) the collection of 4000 songs sung by Tamil Saints known as Alwars.

paragraph: Section::::Greatness.

paragraph: Sri Thatha Desikan traces his origin from the most celebrated aacharya purusha Swamy Nikamantha Maha Desikan (Vedanta Desika) of Thoopul. Sri Thatha Desikan comes in the chronology of 22nd Generation of Sriman Nathamunigal (Nathamuni). He is believed to have got all the divine knowledge fed to him by the Divine Mother Goddess Sri Lakshmi Devi known as Sri Komalavalli, the consort of the presiding deity of Sri Sarangapani Temple in Kumbakonam in Tamil Nadu (India). Sri Thatha Desikan was the Raja Guru of the Venkatapathi Rayas I and II (known as Sriranga Raya) and was the chief minister of Sri Vijayanagar Empire. Prior to Thatha Desikan, His father Sri Sundara Thatha Desikan and Paternal Uncle Sri Pancha Madha Bandhana Thatha Desikan were adorning the courts of the Vijayanagar Kingdom as Raja Gurus or Divine Preceptors.

paragraph: Section::::History.

paragraph: Sri Thatha Desikan during his regime brought a large army from Vijayanagar and drove away the unrighteous people from the Divya Desams of Sri Rangam, Kanchipuram, Srivilliputtur, Thirumalirum Cholai. Kumbakonam and many other places and restored the worships and conducts as directed by the greatest philosopher Sri Ramanujacharya and Swamy Sri Nikamantha Maha Desikan of Thoopul. Sri Thatha Deiskan appointed His Heirs in these places and gave a lot of grants to these Temple, to take special care on the Temple Proceedings. Sri Thatha Desikan gold plated the 'Moolavar Vimanam' (the pyramidal structure over the sanctum sanctorum) of Tirumala Tirupati, Kanchipuram and renovated the parts of Srirangam Temple constructions. He constructed the 100 pillared mandapa in Kanchipuram Sri Varadharaja Perumal Temple. He also renovated various Shrines of the said temple. Around 15 stone Tablets with inscriptions stating the same is available in the Alavandhar Thirumuttram (The Circum circle pathway around the Sri Varadharaja Perumal Temple Enclosure). A lot of historical evidence and archaeological proofs are available in various temples like Kanchipuram Temples, Tirumala Sri Venkateswara Temple, Sri Rangam, Srivilliputtur, and in many other places.

paragraph: He guided the Kings of Vijayanagar Empire in following the righteous path known as Dharma. He is the only person to hold the twin positions of Raja Guru and Chief Minister of the state. The contribution of Sri Thatha Desikan in protecting the cultural values of South India and Sri Vaishnavism could be traced from a lot of references available in the forts of the Kingdom like Chandragiri. During his lifetime Sri Thatha Desikan travelled all around ancient Bharath for the purpose of educating people from various cadres of the society to follow the codes of Righteousness. He is been referred by lot of philosophers and saints owing to various sampradhayas or walks of Hindu religion. The great contemporary writer and philosopher Sri Appaya Dikshitar of Adayapalam has referred and praised Thatha Desikan in many of his works. He considered Thatha Desikan to be the Divine Incarnation.

paragraph: Section::::Thatha Samudhram.

paragraph: Sri Thatha Desikan constructed a temple in Ayyankar Kulam, a small village near Kanchipuram known to be as "Thatha Samuthram – Sri Lakshmi Saras Sri Maruthi /Sri Sanjeevirayar Temple" for Sri Hanuman with a temple tank measuring more than 150 acres known as "Thatha Samudhram" literally meaning "Sri Thatha Ocean". The presiding deity of Sri Varadharaja Perumal visits this temple once in a year during the festival named "Natabhavi Uthsavam".

paragraph: Legends say that, Sri Thatha Desikan was a very pious devotee of Lord Sri Rama. Once Sri Thatha Desikan was travelling with all the wealth he got as a reward for his knowledge and as a tribute from various kings. He was intended to offer them to the Lord of Kanchipuram Sri Varadharaja Perumal. On reaching the outskirts of Kanchi, it was late night. So Thatha Desikan decided to stay with his disciples at the place for a while and decided to continue the travel once the sun rises. So all the treasure was kept near a tree and Thatha Desikan along with his disciples fell asleep. On knowing the wealth assimilated there, a group of thieves came there to loot them. So without any one's knowledge they came there and started bundling all the resources available there without any one's notice. By then, immediately a crew of monkeys led by a senior monkey came there and started beating the thieves very badly and drove them away from the treasures. The monkeys started guarding the treasure. Thus the treasure, which was meant to be offered to the GOD, got saved from getting plundered. As a miracle, Thatha Desikan had a dream in which he was shown the entire happenings and was blessed with the Darshan of Sri Hanuman. Thatha Desikan realised that it was none other than lord Hanuman a sincere servant of Lord Rama came there in his rescue. So Thatha Desikan was very much moved in Joy and tears started flowing down from his eyes. He immediately woke up and saw the thieves who have fallen unconscious being beaten heavily and the treasure being guarded by a crew of monkeys. Thatha Desikan also found his treasures saved. He was overwhelmed in devotion and decided to spend a part of the saved sum in building a magnificent temple for Lord Hanuman along with Sri Rama, Sri Sita, Sri Lakshmana. He also built a very big lake near the constructed temple and named it as 'Sri Lakshmi saras', that means the 'Pond of Goddess Lakshmi' who happened to be his mother of Divine Origin as the presiding Goddess of Kumbakonam by name Sri Komalavalli of Sri Sarangapani Temple fed him the Mother's milk and the presiding Goddess of Kanchipuram Sri Perundevi saved him throughout his life and was Herself a teacher of various Arts and Philosophies to him.

paragraph: But later this lake was fondly called as "Sri Thatha Samudhram" in remembrance of this great Aacharya, as the Lake was appearing majestically like an ocean running for about 150 acres in area. Even during the present days, this Temple stands to be the Biggest Temple dedicated to this form of Lord Hanuman known as "Sri Sanjeeviraya" built during the ancient times of India. Sri Thatha Desikan also composed a famous literary work called "Srimath Hanumath Vimsathi" in praise of this Lord Hanuman, which are inscribed on stone tablets and are kept in the "prakarams" (the circle enclosure surrounding the main temple) by the then King of Vijayanagar Empire. Later the entire surroundings of this Temple came to be known as "Sri Thathayyangar Kulam" in the remembrance of Sri Thatha Desikan. This small hamlet of village with a very great historic importance is situated near to the present day Kanchipuram.

paragraph: Section::::Contribution to literature.

paragraph: Sri Thatha Desikan has composed a lot of literary works including "Sri Hanumath Vimsadhi", "Nikama Parimalam", "Sri Panduranga Mahathmiyam", "Sri Desika Prabandha Eedu" and many more in the languages of Sanskrit and Tamil. These works are preserved in the libraries of Tirumala Tirupati Devasthanams. The work "Sri Thatha Vimsathi" composed on the greatness of Sri Thatha Desikan clearly records various acts and deeds of this great scholar.

paragraph: Sri Thatha Desikan has also composed various literary works to substantiate various philosophical truths of Sri Vaishnavism. His devoutness towards Sri Ramanujacharya and Swamy Vedanta Desikan could be very much traced from his works. He was a master of Sanskrit, Tamil, Prakrut Languages. The "Sri Desika Prabandha Eedu" serves as a testimony for his mastering the Tamil Literary skills. This work stands as a guide to the Tamil works of Swamy Vedanta Desikan.

paragraph: Section::::Philosophy.

paragraph: Sri Thatha Desikan followed the Vadakalai sect of modern Vaishnavism and his thoughts were deeply rooted his works. He was a sincere follower of Swamy Sri Nikamantha Maha Desikan of Thoopul (Vedanta Desika) and followed his foot steps. He had Sri Rama with Sita, Lakshmana, Bharata, Satrugana and Hanuman as his personal deity and carried them in a golden box to all the places where ever he travelled. Sri Thatha Desikan was considered as an embodiment of Truth, Devotion, Supreme Knowledge and Literature. He was revered as an "Aacharya Mahanubhava" which is the "Greatest Teacher and Philosopher". Sri Thatha Desikan abided to the codes of Vaishnavism and its philosophical values as drafted by the Lineage of Teachers starting from Nammalvar to Swamy Vedanta Desika. Even though Sri Vaishnavism has a broader perspective of having existence from time immemorial, the accountability in this Kali yoga as marked by the Hindu calendar starts with the teachings of Alwars who are the saint-people who are believed to be sent by Sriman Narayana the Supreme God-Head, to relieve the people of this materialistic world from the glitches of Maya, an equivalent term of 'illusion'. Sri Thatha Desikan was praised and celebrated not only for the great knowledge level of him, but also for being so simple and entirely proud-less, as a person who has done a variety of contributions to the religion of Hinduism – Sri Vaishnavism and to the Sampradhaya (the way) shown by Vedanta Desika.

paragraph: Sri Ramanujacharya's 'Vedaartha Sangraha', works of Swamy Vedanta Desika are capsuled in the works of Sri Thatha Desikan. The Key concepts of Sri Ramanujacharya's Vishistadvaita like: Tattva, Hita and Purushartha; The Upaya and Upeya; Chit, Achit, Eswara; the truth behind the concept of Karya, Karana; are well explained in most of the works of Sri Thatha Desikan like "Nikama Parimalam, Lakshmi Niyudam, Panchagranthi Nipaharam, Sapthagranthi Nipaharam, and Satvika Brahmana Vidya Vilasa". It is praise worthy to note that, Sri Thatha Desikan wrote the explanatory text of "Sri Desika Prabandha Eedu" which falls under the title of "Eedu" works, that holds as a guide to the works of Swamy Vedanta Desika. Similar Eedu work is "Thiru Aarayira Padi" (the holy 6000 verses) written by an Aacharya 'Swamy Thirukurugai Piran Pillan' as a guide for the work of Nammalvar known as 'Thiruvaimozhi' in Nalayira Divya Prabandham. It is praise worthy to note that Sri Thatha Desikan comes in the paternal family lineage of 'Swamy Thirukurugai Piran Pillan' who is again considered to be the 'Abhimana Puthran' (equivalent term for adopted son) of Sri Ramanujacharya.

paragraph: Sri Thatha Desikan is revered as,

paragraph: "Thasmai Dharma Swaroopaya, Nirmalodhara Keerthaye |

paragraph: "Sri Lakshmi kumara Thathayarya Desikaya Namon Namah: ||"

paragraph: This literally means "we salute the great Aacharya "Sri Thatha Desikan", who is the embodiment of the Righteousness Dharma and innumerable valor".

paragraph: Section::::Royal patronage.

paragraph: Sri Thatha Desika was the royal preceptor of the Vijayanagar Empire and was revered with high respects and fame. He was the 'Raja Guru' – 'The Royal Teacher' of Krishnadevaraya. The King patronised the contributions of this legend and made Him the "Manager-General" known as "Sri Karya Thurantharar" of all the Divya Desam Temples existing in their Empire, which are the 108 temples offered to Hindu God-Head Vishnu in India, with the acharya having the base at Kanchipuram. Also Swamy Thatha Desikan inherited the office of "Sri Karyam" ( known colloquially as "Dharmakartha-ship") of Kanchipuram, Sriperumbudur and Kumbakonam temples from his ancestors also he governed various other temples Vishu Temples of India along with his heir apparents and the other aacharyas belonging to this clan of "Thathacharya".

paragraph: Also the family of "Thirumalai Nambi", maternal uncle of Sri Ramanujacharya) of Tirumala possessing the title of "Thathachariars" are the adherent followers of Sri Ramanuja and Swamy Vedanta Desika and served as the Raja Gurus (Divine Preceptors) of various Dynasties which ruled India during various periods. Sri Thatha Desikan's Paternal lineage were the Raja Gurus for the rulers of Vijayanagar Empire including the dynasties of Saluva, Tuluva and Sangama. Even the empires of Hoysala and Chalukya shows references to these great men with the title of "Thathacharya" being the important aacharya clan of their respective empires, who belong to the gothra of Sadamarshana Maharishi. After the fall of Vijayanagar Empire the descendants of Swamy Thatha Desikan continued to be the Royal Preceptors for the Nayaka rulers who were appointed as the Governors of various Vijayanagar Empire territories including Vilankuppam, Kanchipuram, Trichy, Madurai, Chandragiri and parts of modern days Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.

paragraph: Section::::Humanitarianism.

paragraph: The Love of this great Aacharya for the poor and suffering was well known by the excellent generous contributions that He made to bring them up in their lives. He established a lot of "Anna Chatrams" – "Feeding Halls" and established the so-called "Desanthri Kattalai" the "Order to serve Travelers" in various Temples to feed the devotees visiting those temples daily. He sponsored the wedding of a lot of needy couples and hence adorned with the Honorary Title "Koti Kannikadhana" that reveres Him to have helped almost ten million couples or literally couples in a large crowd known as "Koshti"! He was praised as "Ubhaya Vedantha Chariyar", meaning "The master of both Sanskrit Sacred Texts – Vedas and Upanishads and Tamil works of Alwars known as Prabandhas"

paragraph: Section::::Descendants.

paragraph: Even today the Descendants of Sri Koti Kannikadhana Sri Lakshmi Kumara Thatha Desikan are living in various Divya Desams as the teachers of the Philosophical values and rich Indian Culture and are continuing many righteous deeds that are bound for them.

paragraph: The Thathacharyas are the custodians of the Kanchipuram Perarulalan Kovil popularly known as Varadaraja Perumal temple. They are the Pradhana Acharya Purushas in the protocol to receive and deliver the temple honors. In retrospection Tirumalai Nambi's son Tirukkurukai Piran Pillan was ordained by Ramanuja himself as the first and foremost among the 74 Peetadhipathis to propagate Visishtadwaita philosophy after him. Pillan was also chosen by Ramanuja as the competent person to write the commentary on "Tiruvaimozhi". "The annotation of Tiruvaimozhi thus brought out by Pillan under the behest of Ramanuja is called the famous 'Araiyarpadi' the first gloss in Manipravala, an elegant mixture of Tamil and Sanskrit words, on the Divya Prabhandam. After Pillan, Tirumalai Srinivasacharya Thathachariar in the fifth generation of Thathacharyas was installed by Vedanta Desika as the Sri Kariyam of the Devaraja Swamy Kovil (Sri Varadharaja Perumal Temple of Kanchipuram). Since then the office of Sri Kariyam is institutionalized in the diligence and devotion of the Thathacharyas to the Varadaraja Perumal temple in Kanchipuram. Lakshmi Kumara Thatha Desikan inherited this mantle from his ancestors and made epoch making contributions to the temple annals. He was the Sri Kariya Durandhara – a phrase connoting absolute dedication and authority – of the temple affairs. Simultaneously he was also the Raja Guru of the Vijayanagar king Venkatapathi Deva Maharaj. In Ayengarkulam, a village named after him near Kanchipuram, he built a tank and temple to Sri Rama and Hanuman.

paragraph: Section::::During modern days.

paragraph: In the city of modern Kanchipuram, the Sri Varadharaja Perumal Temple's Sri Vedantha Desikan Sannidhi houses a six-feet idol of Sri Lakshmikumara Thatha Desikan along with His consort Sri Kamala Ammangar paying their homage to their aacharya Sri Swamy Nikamantha Maha Desikan. Whenever the presiding deity of Sri Varadharaja Perumal starts for procession, the respect to these Aacharyas – Swamy Sri Nikamantha Maha Desikan and Swamy Sri Lakshmi Kumara Thatha Desikan are offered the "Satari" – the religious crown shaped structure with the imprints of the Lotus Feet of the Lord Vishnu in it, with the "Theertham" – sacred water and the Garland "Malai" "Mariyadhai" – "Respect". Sri Varadharaja Perumal Temple also houses the processional deity of Sri Lakshmi Kumara Thathadesikan.

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pankaj Berry is playing the role of Tathacharya in TV show of Sab TV Tenali Rama.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sri Thatha Vimsadhi" by Sri Venkata Varadha Kavi – TTD library

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Guru paramparai prabhavam 6000 padi – Part 2 Aacharyargal Vaibhavam" Sri Parakala Mutt

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sri Lakshmi Kumarodhayam" a fifteenth-century work of Vijayanagar Kingdom

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sadamarshana Gothra Prabhavam" by Seva Srinivasa Raghavan

paragraph: BULLET::::- The inscriptions found in various Temples of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh

paragraph: Section::::External links.

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description: Raja Guru of Vijayanagar Empire, Sri Vaishnavaite Guru and Scholar

wikidata_label: Lakshmi Kumara Thathachariar

wikipedia_title: Lakshmi Kumara Thathachariar


text:
Szczecin
Voivode
Prince
Moldavia
boyar
Chancellor
logofăt
Vasile Lupu
Colchis
Greek
Levant
Wallachia
Matei Basarab
Transylvania
George II Rákóczi
Bohdan Khmelnytsky
Hetman
Tymofiy
Battle of Finta
Iaşi
Ottoman
Constantinople
Constantin Şerban
seimeni
Bucharest
Sultan
Mehmed Dördüncü
Polish
The Deluge
Sweden
Cossack Hetmanate
Brandenburg
Gheorghe I Ghica
Iaşi County
Mihnea III
Habsburg
Muscovy
Pomerania
Cașin
Mek.oszk.hu
Mek.niif.hu
Archive.org

categories: 1668 deaths,Place of birth unknown,Rulers of Moldavia,Year of birth missing,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Gheorghe Ștefan

paragraph: Gheorghe Ştefan (István Görgicze, seldom referred to as "Burduja"; d. 1668 in Szczecin) was Voivode (Prince) of Moldavia between April 13 and May 8, 1653, and again from July 16, 1653 to March 13, 1658; he was the son of boyar Dumitraşcu Ceaur; Gheorghe Ştefan was Chancellor ("logofăt") during the reign of Vasile Lupu. His original name was István Görgicze and is mentioned by this name in many sources. However, due to the difficulty of pronouncing his surname and for certain sources to simplify it, they renamed him Georghe Stephan, referring to the origin of his ancestors from medieval Georgia (Imereti area) or Colchis (Kolkhis, land of the legendary Golden Fleece.) Nevertheless, all name variations he is mentioned by (Gorgidze, Georgidze, Gergidze, Gergicze, Girgice, Georgicze) mean son of George, representing a historical connection to old Caucasian roots. See sources below.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Citing Vasile's reliance on his Greek and Levantine retinue, as well as an alleged dishonoring of his wife by the Prince, he allied himself with Wallachian Prince Matei Basarab and Transylvanian ruler George II Rákóczi. He managed to expel Vasile Lupu, but the latter was helped to regain his position by Bohdan Khmelnytsky's force (under the command of the Hetman's son Tymofiy/Tymish), sent to Moldavia to depose him. Tymish and Lupu followed him to Wallachia, but their armies were crushed by Matei Basarab in the Battle of Finta. Gheorghe Ştefan regained Iaşi and remained on the throne, making sure that the Ottoman power was appeased - he bought his power in Constantinople, having to increase taxes in order to cover the expenses, and pay for the maintenance of his large mercenary force.

paragraph: The Turks grew weary of Gheorghe Ştefan's natural alliance with Transylvania and Wallachia (cemented in 1655 by the help he offered to Constantin Şerban in crushing the rebellion of the "seimeni" in Bucharest), in which they saw the seeds of emancipation. The Sultan Mehmed Dördüncü was irritated further by the active part Moldavia played in Polish matters during The Deluge, in the same camp as Sweden, the Cossack Hetmanate, Brandenburg and Wallachia. Mehmed understood this to be a step towards the challenge of his own rule: in 1658, he deposed all three subject rulers (Rákóczi, Gheorghe Ştefan, Constantin Şerban), bringing Gheorghe I Ghica as replacement in Iaşi. All three decided to resist, but Gheorghe Ştefan was defeated at Strunga (Iaşi County), being discarded from the alliance in favor of Mihnea III of Wallachia.

paragraph: After the unsuccessful war, he found friends and supporters in the Kingdom of Hungary, where he became a Hungarian noble by law according to the Act CXXXIII of 1659 (4. §).

paragraph: The Prince wandered through Poland and Habsburg lands (1662), Brandenburg, Muscovy and Sweden (1665), seeking to find backing for his return. Severely ill and bankrupt, he ended his life in Pomerania. His remains were brought back by his wife, and are thought to be buried at Cașin Monastery.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mek.oszk.hu

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mek.niif.hu

paragraph: BULLET::::- Archive.org

description: Voivode of Moldavia

wikidata_label: Gheorghe Ştefan

wikipedia_title: Gheorghe Ștefan


text: crime writer

text: children's author

text: Malaya

text: Crime Writers' Association

text: Kent County Police

text: Green for Danger

text: Eagle-Lion Films

text: Alastair Sim

text: EQMM

text: EQMM

text: Nurse Matilda

text: Emma Thompson

text: Nanny McPhee

text: Edward Ardizzone

text: Green for Danger

text: Suddenly at His Residence

text: Crippen & Landru

text: Nurse Matilda

text: Nurse Matilda Goes to Town

text: Nurse Matilda Goes to Hospital

text: The Star

text: The Tatler

text: The Tatler

text: Woman

text: Daily Sketch

text: Tony Medawar

text: Woman

text: Woman

text: Woman

text: Woman

text: Woman

text: Woman

text: The Times

text: Press and Freelance Writer and Photographer

text: Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine

text: Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine

categories: British mystery writers,20th-century British novelists,Women mystery writers,British children's writers,Members of the Detection Club,1988 deaths,1907 births

paragraph: Christianna Brand

paragraph: Christianna Brand (17 December 1907 – 11 March 1988) was a British crime writer and children's author, born in British Malaya.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: Christianna Brand was born Mary Christianna Milne (1907) in Malaya but spent most of her childhood in England and India. She had a number of different occupations, including model, dancer, shop assistant and governess. Brand also wrote under the pseudonyms Mary Ann Ashe, Annabel Jones, Mary Brand, Mary Roland, and China Thompson. Christianna Brand served as Chair of the Crime Writers' Association from 1972-1973.

paragraph: Her first novel, "Death in High Heels", was written while Brand was working as a salesgirl, the idea stemming from her fantasies about doing away with an annoying co-worker. In 1941, one of her best-loved characters, Inspector Cockrill of the Kent County Police, made his debut in the book "Heads You Lose". The character would go on to appear in seven of her novels. "Green for Danger" is Brand’s most famous novel. The whodunit, set in a World War II hospital, was adapted for film by Eagle-Lion Films in 1946, starring Alastair Sim as the Inspector. She dropped the series in the late 1950s and concentrated on various genres as well as short stories. She was nominated three times for Edgar Awards: for the short stories "Poison in the Cup" (EQMM, Feb. 1969) and "Twist for Twist" (EQMM, May 1967) and for a nonfiction work about a Scottish murder case, "Heaven Knows Who" (1960). She is the author of the children's series "Nurse Matilda", which Emma Thompson adapted to film as "Nanny McPhee" (2005).

paragraph: Her Inspector Cockrill short stories and a previously unpublished Cockrill stage play were collected as "The Spotted Cat and Other Mysteries from Inspector Cockrill's Casebook", edited by Tony Medawar (2002).

paragraph: She was the cousin of the illustrator Edward Ardizzone.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Novels.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Novels.:As Christianna Brand.:Novels featuring Inspector Charlesworth.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Death in High Heels" (1941)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Death of Jezebel" (1948)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Rose in Darkness" (1979)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Novels.:As Christianna Brand.:Novels featuring Inspector Cockrill.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Heads You Lose" (1941)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Green for Danger" (1944) . Serialised in the United States as "Danger List"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Suddenly at His Residence" (US title: "The Crooked Wreath") (1946) . Serialised in the United States as "One of the Family"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Death of Jezebel" (1948)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "London Particular" (US title: "Fog of Doubt") (1952)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tour de Force" (1955)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Spotted Cat and Other Mysteries from Inspector Cockrill's Casebook" (Crippen & Landru, 2002)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Novels.:As Christianna Brand.:Novels featuring Inspector Chucky.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cat and Mouse" (1950)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Novels.:As Christianna Brand.:Non-series Titles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Three Cornered Halo" (1957)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Court of Foxes" (1969)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Honey Harlot" (1978)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Brides of Aberdar" (1982)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Novels.:As Christianna Brand.:Collections.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "What Dread Hand?" (1968):

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Hornets' Nest (Inspector Cockrill)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aren't Our Police Wonderful?

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Merry-Go-Round

paragraph: BULLET::::- Blood Brothers (Inspector Cockrill)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dear Mr Editor ...

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Rose

paragraph: BULLET::::- Akin to Love ...

paragraph: BULLET::::- Death of Don Juan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Double Cross

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Sins of the Fathers ...

paragraph: BULLET::::- After the Event

paragraph: BULLET::::- Death of a Ghost

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Kite

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hic Jacet ...

paragraph: BULLET::::- Murder Game

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Brand X" (1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Kite

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Charm Farm

paragraph: BULLET::::- A Bit of Bovver

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Blackthorn

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Hilltop

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bless This House

paragraph: BULLET::::- Spring 1941

paragraph: BULLET::::- Murder Hath Charms

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pigeon Pie

paragraph: BULLET::::- Madame Thinks Quick

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Scapegoat

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Buffet for Unwelcome Guests" (1983)

paragraph: BULLET::::- After the Event (Inspector Cockrill)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Hornet's Nest (Inspector Cockrill)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Poison in the Cup

paragraph: BULLET::::- Murder Game

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Scapegoat

paragraph: BULLET::::- No More a-Maying ...

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Niece from Scotland

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hic Jacet ...

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Merry-Go-Round

paragraph: BULLET::::- Upon Reflection

paragraph: BULLET::::- From the Balcony ...

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bless This House

paragraph: BULLET::::- Such a Nice Man

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Whispering

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Hand of God

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Spotted Cat and Other Mysteries from Inspector Cockrill's Casebook" (2002):

paragraph: BULLET::::- Inspector Cockrill

paragraph: BULLET::::- Poison in the Cup (Inspector Cockrill)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Telephone Call (Inspector Cockrill)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Kissing Cousin (Inspector Cockrill)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Rocking-Chair (Inspector Cockrill)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Man on the Roof (Inspector Cockrill)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alleybi (Inspector Cockrill)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Spotted Cat (Inspector Cockrill)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Novels.:As Christianna Brand.:Books for Children.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Welcome to Danger" (1949) juvenile mystery, also published as "Danger Unlimited"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nurse Matilda" (1964)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nurse Matilda Goes to Town" (1967)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nurse Matilda Goes to Hospital" (1974)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Novels.:As Mary Roland.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Single Pilgrim" (1946)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Novels.:As China Thompson.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Starrbelow" (1958)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Novels.:As Annabel Jones.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Radiant Dove" (1975)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Novels.:As Mary Ann Ashe.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Alas, for Her That Met Me!" (1976)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Ring of Roses" (1977)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Unpublished Novels.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Take off the Roof" (Non-series)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jape de Chine" or "The Chinese Puzzle" (Cockrill)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Non-fiction Books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Heaven Knows Who" (1960)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Uncollected Short Stories.:As Mary Brand.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dance Hostess". The Star, 8 April 1939

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Rose". The Tatler, 1939

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gloria Walked down Bond Street". The Tatler, 1939

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Uncollected Short Stories.:As Christianna Brand.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shadowed Sunlight. Woman, 7 July to 11 August 1945

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hibiscus Blooms Again.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dear Mr. MacDonald. (1959) (Revised and published as Dear Mr Editor ...")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cyanide in the Sun. Daily Sketch, August 1958. An edited version was published in an anthology

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Rum Punch. Published in "Bodies from the Library", ed. by Tony Medawar (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mother. Woman, 17 January 1959

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grandad. Woman, 24 October 1959

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Right Man for Tilly. Woman, 12 May 1960

paragraph: BULLET::::- Someone to Love. Woman, 1 October 1960

paragraph: BULLET::::- To Remember with Tears. Woman, 3 May 1962

paragraph: BULLET::::- White Wedding. Woman, 19 May 1962

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Unpublished Short Stories.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Dead Hold Fast (Inspector Charlesworth)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Inquest

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Little Nun

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Mermaid

paragraph: BULLET::::- Murder by Dog

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Murder Man

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Codicil

paragraph: BULLET::::- NOFACE

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Rum Punch

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Uncollected Short Non-Fiction.:As Christianna Brand.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ball or Skein. The Times, 16 February 1944 (Published anonymously)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Detective Story Form. Press and Freelance Writer and Photographer, August 1950

paragraph: BULLET::::- May I Introduce Myself?. Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine (Japanese edition), March 1983

paragraph: BULLET::::- Famous Writers I've Known in the Long Ago Past. Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine (Japanese edition), July 1983

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Anthologies edited by Christianna Brand.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Naughty Children: An Anthology" (1962)

description: British writer

wikidata_label: Christianna Brand

wikipedia_title: Christianna Brand


text:
American football
offensive tackle
New England Patriots
2005 NFL Draft
college football
Toledo
Brantford Collegiate Institute
Brantford, Ontario
MVP
construction
University of Toledo
The Sporting News
Mid-American Conference
2005 NFL Draft
New England Patriots
Toronto Argonauts
2005 CFL Draft
Tom Ashworth
2005
Matt Light
Ryan O'Callaghan
2006 season
AFC Championship Game
Indianapolis Colts
2007
final game
playoff run
Super Bowl XLII
2008
Sebastian Vollmer
2009 NFL Draft
2009 season
Wild Card playoffs
2010
injured reserve
Boston Globe
oxycodone
Drug Enforcement Administration
New England Patriots bio

categories: Toledo Rockets football players,Canadian players of American football,1979 births,Sportspeople from Brantford,Living people,American football offensive tackles

paragraph: Nick Kaczur

paragraph: Nicholas Jesse Kaczur (born July 28, 1979) is a former American football offensive tackle. He was drafted by the New England Patriots in the third round of the 2005 NFL Draft. He played college football at Toledo.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: While attending Brantford Collegiate Institute in Brantford, Ontario, Kaczur was rated as the best prep lineman in Ontario, was voted his school’s Lineman of the Year four times, and was his team's Offensive MVP in his junior and senior years. He also played for the Brantford Bisons of the Ontario Varsity Football League.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: After high school, Kaczur worked in construction for two years before attending the University of Toledo. He was a four-year starter on the offensive line for the Rockets. As a freshman, he was named a third-team freshman All-American by "The Sporting News", and was also a second-team All-Mid-American Conference selection. As a sophomore, he won All-MAC first-team honors. He repeated those honors again in 2003 and 2004 as a junior and senior. He started 51 games during his college career and became Toledo's first ever player to earn all-conference honors in four seasons.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Kaczur was selected in the third round of the 2005 NFL Draft (100th overall) by the New England Patriots. He was also selected by the Toronto Argonauts in the first round of the 2005 CFL Draft (9th overall). After beginning the season as a reserve right tackle behind Tom Ashworth, Kaczur started the final 13 games at left tackle for the Patriots in 2005, following an injury to veteran Matt Light. After recovering from an injury that limited him to a reserve role behind Ryan O'Callaghan at right tackle for the first two months of the 2006 season, Kaczur returned to the starting lineup in November and helped the Patriots make a run to the AFC Championship Game against the Indianapolis Colts.

paragraph: In 2007, Kaczur started the first 15 games of the season, only missing the final game, to an injury. He returned for the Patriots playoff run, including Super Bowl XLII. He returned in 2008 to start 14 games, only missing two games in October due to injury. He was signed to a four-year, $16 million extension on August 24, 2009, four months after the Patriots selected fellow offensive tackle Sebastian Vollmer in the second round of the 2009 NFL Draft. Kaczur started the first 13 games of the 2009 season before missing Weeks 16 and 17 with an injury; Vollmer started both games in Kaczur's place, and continued to start in Week 17 and the Wild Card playoffs, limiting Kaczur to a reserve role in both games.

paragraph: After suffering a back injury early in the Patriots' 2010 training camp, Kaczur missed all the preseason and was inactive for the first four games of the season before being placed on injured reserve on October 12, 2010.

paragraph: On July 29, 2011, he was released by New England.

paragraph: Section::::Drug allegations.

paragraph: On June 4, 2008 the "Boston Globe" published a story alleging that Kaczur had been arrested in April 2008 for illegal possession of the prescription painkiller oxycodone. Kaczur cooperated with the Drug Enforcement Administration, wearing a hidden recording device during drug transactions, in an undercover operation to apprehend his drug dealer.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- New England Patriots bio

description: Player of American football

wikidata_label: Nick Kaczur

wikipedia_title: Nick Kaczur


text:
German
House of Habsburg
Świdnica
Leopold I, Duke of Austria
Amadeus V, Count of Savoy
Katharina
Frederick the Fair
Albert II
Bolko II the Small
Świdnica
House of Luxembourg
Świdnica
Jawor
Lwówek
Grüssau Abbey
Emperor Charles IV
Bohemia
Wenceslaus, King of the Romans

paragraph: Agnes of Austria (1322–1392)

paragraph: Agnes of Austria (, ) (1322 – 2 February 1392) was a German princess member of the House of Habsburg and by marriage Duchess of Świdnica.

paragraph: She was the second daughter of Leopold I, Duke of Austria, by his wife Katharina, daughter of Amadeus V, Count of Savoy.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: After the early death of her father in 1326, Agnes and her older sister Katharina (later by marriage Lady of Coucy) were placed under the guardianship of their paternal uncles, Frederick the Fair and Albert II.

paragraph: On 1 June 1338 Agnes married with Bolko II the Small, Duke of Świdnica, who wanted with this union to enhance his international position against the House of Luxembourg, direct competitors of the Habsburgs.

paragraph: The marriage apparently was childless, although some sources stated that they had two children: a daughter, Elisabeth (d. 1407) and a son, Bolko, who, according to old Silesian legend, died with only nine-years-old, accidentally killed by the court jester Jakob Thau, when he threw a stone to him during a game.

paragraph: After the death of her husband in 1368, and according to his will, Agnes received Świdnica, Jawor and Lwówek as her "".

paragraph: Agnes died on 2 February 1392 in Świdnica and was buried in the Franciscan Princely Chapel ("Fürstenkapelle") of the Grüssau Abbey. According to the treaty of 1353 between Bolko II and the Emperor Charles IV, on her death the Duchies were incorporated into the lands of Bohemia by Wenceslaus, King of the Romans.

paragraph: Under the rule of the Abbot Benedict II Seidel (1735–1747) was built in the "Fürstenkapelle" a sculpture of white marble from Agnes, which is still there.

description: German princess

wikidata_label: Agnes of Austria

wikipedia_title: Agnes of Austria (1322–1392)


text: Los Angeles

text: percussionist

text: Freddie Hubbard

text: Herbie Hancock

text: Les McCann

text: Russ Freeman

text: Gerald Albright

text: Jimmy Smith

text: soul

text: funk

text: contemporary jazz

text: Afrocentric

text: Washington, DC

text: Duke Ellington

text: Duke Ellington

text: Oscar Peterson

text: Allen Jones

text: Dizzy Gillespie

text: New Orleans

text: rumba

text: Charlie Parker

text: Eddie Jones

text: Charlie Parker

text: Art Blakey

text: New York Jazz Messengers

text: Los Angeles

text: Cool Hands

text: Drum Sum

text: Argo

text: Argo

text: Les McCann

text: Second Movement

text: Invitation to Openness

text: Talk to the People

text: Live at Montreux

text: Layers

text: Another Beginning

text: Willis Jackson

text: Blue Gator

text: Cookin' Sherry

text: Together Again!

text: Together Again, Again

text: Eugene McDaniels

text: Cannonball Adderley

text: Black Messiah

text: The Isley Brothers

text: Givin' It Back

text: Nina Simone

text: The Great Show Live in Paris

text: Jimmy Smith

text: Root Down - Jimmy Smith Live!

text: John Mayall

text: Herbie Hancock

text: Sextant

text: Freddie Hubbard

text: Liquid Love

text: Gleam

text: Splash

text: Born to Be Blue

text: Ron Escheté

text: Thelonious Monster

text: Stormy Weather

text: Buck Clarke

text: Discogs

text: Buck Clarke

text: AllMusic

text: Buck Clarke

text: Many Buck's Earliest Recordings

categories: 1933 births,Conga players,Jazz percussionists,People from Washington, D.C.,1988 deaths,Deaths from diabetes

paragraph: Buck Clarke

paragraph: William "Buck" Clarke (October 2, 1933 – October 11, 1988 in Los Angeles) was an American jazz percussionist who played with Freddie Hubbard, Herbie Hancock, Les McCann, Russ Freeman, Gerald Albright, Jimmy Smith and others. He also played at the Montreux Jazz Festival in 1968. Clarke's many musical styles include soul, funk and contemporary jazz, with an Afrocentric perspective.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was born in Washington, DC on October 2, 1933. At an early age, he started off of working at a display sign store. One of his bosses father was a cousin to Duke Ellington. At that time, his boss began to play jazz music to the 15 year-old Clarke, which brought him to his attention of listening to jazz musicians such as Duke Ellington, Oscar Peterson, Allen Jones and Dizzy Gillespie. Clarke many interests as a young youth gotten even more serious that he was "hooked on Jazz", he eventually had a job offer at D.C. club where he learned how to play the congas. One of his very first gigs was at a show called "Jig Show", where as Clarke would perform as well as dancers and comedians. He would travel thought the world, going to places such as New Orleans, where he first discovered to play rumba music for the first time. . Many others tried to encourage young Clarke to play "real instruments", but his position was the bongo drums.

paragraph: When he was 16 or 17 years old, he played with the late Charlie Parker. Clarke express his feelings in ever performing with Wess Anderson's band The Washingtonians which included, Eddie Jones and Charlie Parker, saying it had Clarke "shook up and mind blowing". He played with Art Blakey's and New York Jazz Messengers at 19 or 20 years old. He was also a member of eight piece band to be part of his education on learning how to play in a band.

paragraph: Clarke suffered from diabetes that cost him his leg. He died on October 11, 1988 in Los Angeles.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As leader.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1960: "Cool Hands" (Offbeat)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1961: "Drum Sum" (Argo)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1963: "The Buck Clarke Sound" (Argo)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988: "Hot Stuff" (Full Circle)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As sideman.

paragraph: With Les McCann

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Second Movement" (Atlantic, 1971) - with Eddie Harris

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Invitation to Openness" (Atlantic, 1972)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Talk to the People" (Atlantic, 1972)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live at Montreux" (Atlantic, 1972)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Layers" (Atlantic, 1972)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Another Beginning" (Atlantic, 1974)

paragraph: With Willis Jackson

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blue Gator" (Prestige, 1960)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cookin' Sherry" (Prestige, 1961)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Together Again!" (Prestige, 1965) - "This'll Get To Ya'" & "It Might As Well Be Spring"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Together Again, Again" (Prestige, 1967)

paragraph: With Eugene McDaniels

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Outlaw" (Prestige, 1960)

paragraph: With Dave Hubbard

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dave Hubbard" (Mainstream, 1971)

paragraph: With Cannonball Adderley

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Black Messiah" (Capitol, 1971)

paragraph: With The Isley Brothers

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Givin' It Back" - "Love The One You're With" (T-Neck, 1971)

paragraph: With Nina Simone

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Great Show Live in Paris" (Disques Festival, 1975)

paragraph: With Jimmy Smith

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Root Down - Jimmy Smith Live!" (Verve, 1972)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Paid In Full" (Mojo, 1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jimmy Smith '75" (Mojo, 1975)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "It's Necessary" (Mercury, 1977)

paragraph: With John Mayall

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Banquet In Blues" (ABC, 1976)

paragraph: With Herbie Hancock

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sextant" (Columbia, 1973)

paragraph: With Freddie Hubbard

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Liquid Love" (Columbia, 1975)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gleam" (CBS/Sony, 1975)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Splash" (Fantasy, 1981)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Born to Be Blue" (Pablo, 1982)

paragraph: With Ron Escheté

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stump Jumper" (Bainbridge, 1986)

paragraph: With Thelonious Monster

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stormy Weather" (Relativity, 1989)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Buck Clarke discography at Discogs

paragraph: BULLET::::- Buck Clarke at AllMusic

paragraph: BULLET::::- Buck Clarke (Biography from NightJourneyRewind.com)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Many Buck's Earliest Recordings (Discography from JazzDiscography.com)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Buck Clarke interview in 1988 in his Los Angeles home before his death

paragraph: BULLET::::- Buck Clarke discography at Jazzdisco.org

description: American jazz percussionist

wikidata_label: Buck Clarke

wikipedia_title: Buck Clarke


text:
Norwegian
nordic combined
1930 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships
Oslo
military patrol
biathlon
1928 Winter Olympics

categories: 1955 deaths,1903 births,Norwegian military patrol (sport) runners,Military patrol competitors at the 1928 Winter Olympics,Olympic biathletes of Norway,Norwegian male Nordic combined skiers,FIS Nordic World Ski Championships medalists in Nordic combined

paragraph: Leif Skagnæs

paragraph: Leif Skagnæs (November 20, 1903 – July 1, 1955) was a Norwegian nordic combined skier who competed in early 1930s. He won an individual silver at the 1930 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Oslo.

paragraph: He participated in the demonstration event, military patrol (precursor to biathlon), in the 1928 Winter Olympics.

description: Norwegian Nordic combined skier

wikidata_label: Leif Skagnæs

wikipedia_title: Leif Skagnæs


text:
Armenian Catholicos
Patriarch
Arsacid Princess
Tigranes VII (Tiran)
Khosrov III
St. Husik I
Gregory the Illuminator
Caesarea
Mamikonian
Sahak
Arsaces II (Arshak II)
Catholicos
Gospel
Edessa
Constantinople
Faustus of Byzantium
Roman emperor
Valens
Arius
Arian
Papas (Pap)
Gregorids

categories: Armenian saints,4th-century births,4th-century bishops,Catholicoi of Armenia,373 deaths

paragraph: St. Nerses I

paragraph: Nerses I the Great () was an Armenian Catholicos (or Patriarch) who lived in the fourth century. He was the son of At'anagenes and his mother was the Arsacid Princess Bambish, a sister of King Tigranes VII (Tiran) and a daughter of King Khosrov III. His paternal grandfather was St. Husik I whose paternal grandfather was Saint Gregory the Illuminator.

paragraph: Nerses spent his youth in Caesarea where he married a Mamikonian princess called Sanducht. Sanducht bore Nerses a son called Sahak, who would become another Catholicos in Armenia. After the death of his wife, he was appointed sword-bearer to King Arsaces II (Arshak II). A few years later, having entered the ecclesiastical state, he was elected Catholicos in 353.

paragraph: His patriarchate marks a new era in Armenian history. Until that point, the Church had been more or less identified with the royal family and the nobles; Nerses brought it into closer connection with the people. At the Council of Ashtishat he promulgated numerous laws on marriage, fast days, and divine worship. He built schools and hospitals, and sent monks throughout the land to preach the Gospel.

paragraph: Nerses held a synod at Ashtishat that, among other things, forbade people to marry their first cousin and forbade mutilation and other extreme actions in mourning. Some of these reforms drew upon him the king's displeasure, and he was exiled, supposedly to Edessa. It was probably at some point during the latter part of Arshak's reign that Nerses went to Constantinople to ensure the emperor's support of Armenia against the Persians. According to the Faustus of Byzantium's account, Roman emperor Valens became outraged at Nerses condemning his following of the teachings of Arius and sent Nerses into exile. While Nerses was in exile in Xad he was the leader of the church in Armenia.

paragraph: Upon the accession of pro-Arian King Papas (Pap) (369) he returned to his see. Papas proved a dissolute and unworthy ruler and Nerses forbade him entrance to the church. Under the pretence of seeking reconciliation, Papas invited Nerses to his table and reportedly poisoned him in 373.

paragraph: Section::::In the Arts.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nerses is a character in the tragedy "Nerses The Great, Patron of Armenia" written in 1857, by the Western Armenian Playwright, Actor & Editor of the 19th century, Sargis Vanadetsi also known as Sargis Mirzayan.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gregorids

description: Armenian Catholicos

wikidata_label: St. Nerses I

wikipedia_title: St. Nerses I


text:
judge royal
Kingdom of Hungary
Elizabeth Báthory

categories: 1605 deaths,Báthory family,Judges royal,1555 births

paragraph: Stephen Báthory (1555–1605)

paragraph: Stephen Báthory of Ecsed (; 1555 – 25 July 1605) was judge royal of the Kingdom of Hungary from 1586 to 1605.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Stephen was the son of György Báthory (from the Ecsed branch of the family), and his distant relative, Anna Báthory (from the Somlyó branch). He was born in 1555. His younger sister was the infamous Elizabeth Báthory.

alias:
Báthori István
Bathori Istvan
Stephen Báthory

wikidata_label: István Báthori

wikipedia_title: Stephen Báthory (1555–1605)


text:
silent film era
Chicago, Illinois
Chicago, Illinois
short stories
Triangle Film Corporation
Universal Pictures
androgynous
Jack Conway
Owen Magnetic
begonias
hyacinths
Los Angeles, California
Hollywood, California
Forest Lawn Memorial Park
When Soul Meets Soul
Francis X. Bushman
Essanay
The Slim Princess
Wallace Beery
The Romance of an American Duchess
The Alster Case
The Adventures of Peg o' the Ring
The Master Mystery
"The Masked Rider
The Four-Flusher
Metro Pictures
Parlor, Bedroom and Bath
The Hope
Are All Men Alike?
The Land of Jazz
Fox Film Corporation
Cinderella's Twin
I Am Guilty
Don't Call Me Little Girl
The Honor of Rameriz
The Spirit of the Lake
Broken Barriers
The Scarlet West
Ermine and Rhinestones
The Ladybird
Poor Girls
The Satin Woman
The Devil's Cage
Chadwick Pictures
Ruth Stonehouse

categories: American women writers,20th-century American actresses,Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale),American film directors,American film actresses,Actresses from Denver,1892 births,American silent film actresses,American women film directors,Disease-related deaths in California,1941 deaths

paragraph: Ruth Stonehouse

paragraph: Ruth Stonehouse (September 28, 1892 – May 12, 1941) was an actress and film director during the silent film era. Her stage career started at the age of eight as a dancer in Arizona shows.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and career.

paragraph: Ruth Stonehouse was born to James Wesley Stonehouse (1869–1958) and Georgia C. Worster on September 28, 1892 in Denver, Colorado. Her father was the founder of Stonehouse Signs Inc. According to the 1900 Census for Laurence Town, Teller County, Colorado, she lived with her father, James, a sign writer, and her grandmother, Eda Stonehouse, along with her sister, Hazel, who was a year younger. By 1910, she was living with her mother, Georgia Stonehouse, a stenographer, and her sister, Hazel, in Chicago, Illinois. Curiously, her mother lists herself as a widow on the 1910 Census, when James Stonehouse can be found residing in Arizona. Her parents were divorced around 1902. Before her film career, she was a reporter for a Chicago, Illinois newspaper, and contributed short stories to magazines.

paragraph: She worked for Triangle Film Corporation and Universal Pictures during a career which extended from 1911 until 1928. A few years prior in 1907, she was a founding member of Essanay Film Manufacturing Company. Having experience here help her begin her directing career later on as she moved to different stations. Her androgynous appearance was most apparent in the role of "Nancy Glenn" and in the 1917 motion picture, "The Edge of the Law". She performed in comedies and dramas such as the patriotic film "Doing Her Bit" (1917), which was directed by Jack Conway.

paragraph: In 1917, Stonehouse directed the films "Daredevil Dan", "A Walloping Time", "The Winning Pair", "A Limb of Satan", "Puppy Love" and "Tacky Sue's Romance". These movies were one-reel "orphan asylum pictures", the first of which was entitled "Mary Ann".

paragraph: Section::::Personal life and death.

paragraph: Ruth owned a cabin in Santa Anita Canyon in the Sierra Madre Mountains. Here she entertained men and women of prominence in the film world, cooking culinary masterpieces which her friends deemed superior to most chefs. Stonehouse was a fan of the Owen Magnetic Auto and promoted it in newspapers. Stonehouse was an avid gardener who grew fibrous-rooted begonias, pleromas, fuchsias, cinerias, and hyacinths. Her home, located at 204 North Rossmore Avenue in Los Angeles, California, was an adaptation of a Spanish design that was situated well to the front of a large lot. She was an active worker in the Children's Home Society for twenty-five years and also a member of the Garden Club of California.

paragraph: Ruth Stonehouse died in Hollywood, California of a cerebral hemorrhage on May 12, 1941, at the age of 48. She was listed as Mrs. Felix Hughes in her obituary. Her funeral services were conducted from Wee Kirk o' the Heather. She was interred in a mausoleum at Forest Lawn Memorial Park.

paragraph: Section::::Selected filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mr. Wise, Investigator" (1911)*short

paragraph: BULLET::::- "When Soul Meets Soul" (1913) *short

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Spy's Defeat" (1913) short with Francis X. Bushman

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blood Will Tell" (1914) short with Bushman

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ashes of Hope" (1914, Essanay) short with Bushman

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Masked Wrestler" (1914) *short

paragraph: BULLET::::- "No. 28, Diplomat" (1914) *short

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Slim Princess" (1915) with Wallace Beery

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Romance of an American Duchess" (1915)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Papered Door" (1915) *short

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Alster Case" (1915)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Adventures of Peg o' the Ring" (1916) *serial (scenes deleted)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Phantom Husband" (1917)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rosalind at Redgate" (1919) *short

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Master Mystery" (1919)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Masked Rider" (1919)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Four-Flusher" (1919, Metro Pictures)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Red Viper" (1919 Tyrad Pictures)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Parlor, Bedroom and Bath" (1920 Metro Pictures)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Hope" (1920 Metro Pictures)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Are All Men Alike?" (1920 Metro Pictures)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Land of Jazz" (1920 Fox Film Corporation)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cinderella's Twin" (1920 Metro Pictures)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Am Guilty" (1921 Associated Producers)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Don't Call Me Little Girl" (1921 Paramount Pictures)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Wolver" (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mother o'Dreams" (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lorraine of the Timberlands" (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Honor of Rameriz" (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Spirit of the Lake" (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Heart of Dorean" (1921) (*short)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Flash" (1923 Russell Productions)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Flames of Passion" (1923 Independent Pictures) – (Survives at Library of Congress; available from Grapevine Video)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lights Out" (1923 Film Booking Offices of America; FBO)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Way of the Transgressor" (1923 Independent Pictures)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Girl of the Limberlost" (1924 Film Booking Office of America; FBO)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Broken Barriers" (1924 Metro-Goldwyn)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Straight Through" (1925 Universal Pictures)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Two-Fisted Sheriff" (1925 Arrow Film Corp.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fifth Avenue Models" (1925 Universal Pictures)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Fugitive" (1925 Arrow Film Corp.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blood and Steel" (1925 Independent Pictures) – (Survives at Library of Congress; either a short or a feature; EmGee Film Library)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Scarlet West" (1925 First National) – (Trailer only survives Library of Congress)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ermine and Rhinestones" (1925 Jans Film Service) – (Survives incomplete Library of Congress)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "False Pride" (1925 Astor Pictures)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Wives of the Prophet" (1926 Lee-Bradford)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Broken Homes" (1926 Astor Pictures)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Ladybird" (1927 First Division Pictures) – (Survives; "per silentera.com")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Poor Girls" (1927 Columbia Pictures)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Satin Woman" (1927 Lumas Film Corp.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Ape" (1928 Collwyn Pictures Corp.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Devil's Cage" (1928 Chadwick Pictures)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1900 United States Federal Census, Precinct 39, Teller, Colorado; Roll T623_130; Page: 7B; Enumeration District: 136.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ruth Stonehouse at the Women Film Pioneers Project

description: Actress, film director

wikidata_label: Ruth Stonehouse

wikipedia_title: Ruth Stonehouse


text:
New Spain
Colombia
Córdoba
Argentina
Santafé en Nueva Granada
Durango
Biscay
Spain
University of Oñati
Valladolid
Castile
Santo Domingo de la Calzada
King Philip III of Spain
Bishop of Córdoba
Pope Paul V
Argentina
Buenos Aires
Asunción
Paraguay
consecrated
Lorenzo Pérez de Grado
Bishop of Paraguay
Santiago del Estero
Córdoba
Jesuit
University of Córdoba
Pedro Carranza Salinas
bishop of Buenos Aires
La Rioja
Londres
San Miguel de Tucumán
Calchaquí Valleys
Salta
San Salvador de Jujuy
Nuestra Señora de Talavera
Society of Jesus
Tucumán Province
Juan Alonso de Vera y Zárate
King Philip IV of Spain
Santafé in Nueva Granada
Pope Urban VIII
Peru
Bogotá
Bogotá Cathedral
Agustín de Carvajal
OSA
Lorenzo Pérez de Grado

categories: Spanish emigrants to Argentina,Spanish Roman Catholic bishops in South America,Spanish emigrants to Colombia,1630 deaths,Argentine Roman Catholic bishops,Colombian Roman Catholic archbishops,1576 births,Spanish Roman Catholic priests,Archbishops of Bogotá,Spanish academics,17th-century Roman Catholic archbishops,People from Durango, Biscay,17th-century scholars

paragraph: Julián de Cortázar

paragraph: Julián de Cortázar y Carrillo (15 January 1576 – 31 October 1630) was a Spanish-born prelate of the Catholic Church in the part of New Spain that is now Colombia. From 1618 to 1627 he served as Bishop of Córdoba in Argentina, and from 1627 to 1630 as Archbishop of Santafé en Nueva Granada in New Spain.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Julián de Cortázar y Carrillo was born on 15 January 1576 in Durango, Biscay, Spain. His father was Juan Martínez de Cortázar.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Education and priesthood.

paragraph: Cortázar graduated from the University of Oñati, and then taught theology there. He later worked as a professor at the Colegio de Santa Cruz in Valladolid, Castile, and later was the canon of Santo Domingo de la Calzada.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Bishop of Córdoba.

paragraph: In 1617, King Philip III of Spain proposed Cortázar to be Bishop of Córdoba, and Pope Paul V appointed him on 10 April 1617. He immediately sailed to the Argentina, landing in Buenos Aires in March 1618. He then traveled to Asunción, Paraguay, where he was consecrated as bishop by Bishop Lorenzo Pérez de Grado, Bishop of Paraguay. He then returned to Argentina, beginning his term as bishop with a pastoral visit to many of the cities in his diocese.

paragraph: Cortázar arrived on 28 September 1617 in Santiago del Estero, the seat of the diocese, where he found the cathedral destroyed by fire and only half rebuilt. He spent the first few years of his episcopacy there, rebuilding the cathedral and correcting certain customs of the local clergy. He then moved on to Córdoba, the namesake of the diocese, where he helped develop the recently founded Jesuit-run University of Córdoba. In March 1620, back in Santiago de Estero, Cortázar was the principal consecrator of Pedro Carranza Salinas, the first bishop of Buenos Aires.

paragraph: In 1620, Cortázar continued his pastoral trip throughout his diocese, visiting La Rioja, Londres, San Miguel de Tucumán. During a visit to Calchaquí Valleys, the presence of an armed escort with Cortázar alarmed indigenous people, causing them to flee and refuse to meet with him. From there, he visited Salta, San Salvador de Jujuy, and Nuestra Señora de Talavera. He returned to Santiago de Estero in 1621. In the capital, he founded a seminary for the diocese and entrusted its administration to the Society of Jesus.

paragraph: Throughout his tenure as bishop, Cortázar came into frequent conflict with the governor of Tucumán Province, Juan Alonso de Vera y Zárate, with it once reaching the extent of Cortázar excommunicating him for several weeks.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Archbishop of Bogotá.

paragraph: On 9 January 1625, King Philip IV of Spain presented Cortázar to be Archbishop of Santafé in Nueva Granada (now the Archdiocese of Bogotá), and Pope Urban VIII appointed him on 7 April of that year. He traveled through Peru and arrived in Bogotá on 4 July 1627, and was installed as archbishop that day. As archbishop, Cortázar expanded the episcopal palace and made a pastoral trip throughout part of the archdiocese.

paragraph: After three years as archbishop, Cortázar died in Bogotá on 31 October 1630, at the age of 54. He was buried in the Bogotá Cathedral. His legacy includes a street in Córdoba, Argentina, that bears his name.

paragraph: Section::::Episcopal lineage.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bishop Agustín de Carvajal, OSA

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bishop Lorenzo Pérez de Grado (1616)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Archbishop Julián de Cortázar (1618)

description: Spanish Catholic priest

wikidata_label: Julián de Cortázar

wikipedia_title: Julián de Cortázar


text:
Major League Baseball
first baseman
Louisville Colonels
American Association
rookie
bases on balls
hit by pitches
on-base percentage
home run
runs batted in
runs
stolen base
fielding percentage
firefighter
St. Louis, Missouri
uremia
Retrosheet

categories: Des Moines Prohibitionists players,1868 births,St. Joseph Reds players,Memphis Lambs players,1916 deaths,Major League Baseball first basemen,American firefighters,Walla Walla Walla Wallas players,Seattle (minor league baseball) players,19th-century baseball players,Denver (minor league baseball) players,Sportspeople from Baltimore,Louisville Colonels players,Baseball players from Maryland,Deaths from kidney disease,Memphis Giants players,New Castle Neshannocks players

paragraph: Skyrocket Smith

paragraph: Samuel J. "Skyrocket" Smith (March 19, 1868 – April 26, 1916) was a Major League Baseball first baseman. He played for the Louisville Colonels of the American Association during the first half of the 1888 season (April 18-July 8). The 20-year-old rookie stood and weighed 170 lbs.

paragraph: As the regular first baseman for 58 games, Smith hit .239 (49-for-206), but 24 bases on balls and 11 hit by pitches (#9 in the league) pushed his on-base percentage up to .349. He hit 1 home run, had 31 runs batted in, scored 27 runs, and had five stolen bases. He was average defensively for his era, with a fielding percentage of .970. The Colonels had a record of 21–40 (.344) at the time of Smith's departure, and were 27–47 (.365) afterwards. Smith also played in various minor leagues from 1884 to 1895.

paragraph: After his baseball career was over, Smith became a firefighter for the city of St. Louis, Missouri. He died of uremia at the age of 48.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Retrosheet

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Skyrocket Smith

wikipedia_title: Skyrocket Smith


text:
footballer
goalkeeper
Ligue 1
Stade Rennais F.C.
AS Monaco
AS Monaco
UEFA Champions League
Fenerbahçe S.K.
Morgan De Sanctis
Ligue 1
championship season
Rennes
Seydou Sy
Stade Rennais F.C.
Benoît Badiashile
AS Monaco
Monaco profile

categories: France youth international footballers,Sportspeople from Limoges,Ligue 1 players,1998 births,Stade Rennais F.C. players,French people of Democratic Republic of the Congo descent,French footballers,AS Monaco FC players,Living people,Association football goalkeepers

paragraph: Loïc Badiashile

paragraph: Loïc Badiashile Mukinayi (born 5 February 1998) is a French footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Ligue 1 club Stade Rennais F.C., on loan from AS Monaco.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Monaco.

paragraph: Badiashile is a youth exponent from AS Monaco. He made his first team debut on 27 July 2016 in a UEFA Champions League qualifier against Fenerbahçe S.K. replacing Morgan De Sanctis after 13 minutes.

paragraph: He made his Ligue 1 debut on 20 May 2017 in the final match of Monaco's championship season against Rennes substituting Seydou Sy at half-time.

paragraph: On 31 January 2019, the last day of the 2018–19 winter transfer window, Badiashile joined league rivals Stade Rennais F.C. on loan until the end of the season. Rennes also secured an option to make the move permanent.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Badiashile is of Congolese descent. He is the older brother of Benoît Badiashile, who is also a professional footballer for AS Monaco.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Monaco profile

description: French association football player

wikidata_label: Loïc Badiashile

wikipedia_title: Loïc Badiashile


text:
Ragusan
University of Pavia
Cremona
Italy
scudo
University of Pavia
Rome
Illyrian College of St. Jerome
Boka Kotorska bay
Belgrade
apostolic visitor
delegate
Ottomans
Orthodox Serbs
Claudio Aquaviva
Ragusan Republic
Zagurović noble family
Jerolim Zagurović
Đurađ Crnojević
first South Slavic printing house
Venice
Stefan Marinović
Scutari
National Library of Russia
St Petersburg

categories: Roman Catholic missionaries in Romania,1541 births,Roman Catholic missionaries in Croatia,Italian Roman Catholic missionaries,Roman Catholic missionaries in Serbia,Roman Catholic missionaries in Bosnia and Herzegovina,1583 deaths,University of Pavia alumni,Italian Jesuits,Jesuit missionaries,Roman Catholic missionaries in the Ottoman Empire

paragraph: Bartol Sfondrati

paragraph: Bartol Sfondrati (1541—1583) was 16th century Jesuit missionary who is considered as the first Ragusan Jesuit. Sfondrati became a jesuit in 1569 after graduating law at the University of Pavia.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Sfondrati's ancestors came from Cremona (modern-day Italy) to Ragusa several generations before Bartol was born. It is assumed that his year of birth is 1541.

paragraph: Section::::Education.

paragraph: Sfondrati became a law student in Pavia in 1566 supported by Ragusan Senate with yearly scholarship of 30 golden scudo. After completion of the canonic and civil law school at the University of Pavia Sfondrati became a Jesuit on 17 October 1569. After he was a student at college in Rome in period 1570—75 he became a priest confessor at Illyrian College of St. Jerome.

paragraph: Section::::Missionary campaigns.

paragraph: In the period between February 1576 and 1578 Sfondrati was a missionary in Boka Kotorska bay. In period 1580—83 Sfondrati was missionary in Belgrade. In 1580 Sfondrati accompanied Bonifacio de Stefanis (Bonifacije Drakolica) who was appointed as apostolic visitor and delegate to Dalmatia, Herzegovina, Bosnia, Croatia, Vallachia, Slavonia, Serbia and other European territories governed by the Ottomans. Together with Sfondrati, the Holy Seat sent another jesuit to accompany de Stefanis. It was Franciscan from Bosnia, Antun de Mattei. Two of them carried two big suitcases to de Stefanis, full of books they were instructed to deliver to priests of both Catholic and Orthodox religion.

paragraph: Sfondrati reported that during his voyage into Ottoman Balkans he met many Christians who converted to Islam to avoid payment of taxes, from which Muslims were exempt. Sfondrati stated that there was about 5,000 Catholics at that time in Sarajevo, mostly slaves and traders. He also recorded that many Christians lived in Herzegovina, most of them being Orthodox Serbs.

paragraph: De Stefanis died on this difficult visitation in Timișoara in 1582. Sfondrati died in poverty and dimwitted, also in Timișoara, on 17 November 1583.

paragraph: Section::::Literary work.

paragraph: On 12 January 1576 Sfondrati wrote from Dubrovnik to Claudio Aquaviva emphasizing that Ragusan Republic have intention to publish a catechism on Slavic language for its younger population.

paragraph: It is assumed that Sfondrati translated the catechism written by Jacques Ledesma. The publishing of this catechism was ordered by brothers Angel and Ivan Zagurović, of Zagurović noble family. They were sons of Jerolim Zagurović, a Venetian printer of Serbian Cyrillic books and according to some sources grandsons of Đurađ Crnojević who was the founder of the first South Slavic printing house.

paragraph: The first edition of his translation was published in 1576 in Venice. The second edition was published in 1578 also in Venice, in the printing house of Zanetti, with the following title: ""Dottrina christiana. Composta per il P. D. Ledesma della Compagnia di Gesu; Et tradotta di lingua italiana in lingua Schiava per un padre della medesima Compagnia. Nuovamente stampata & corretta. In Venetia, Appresso Bonifatio Zanetti, MDLXXVIII"". The third edition of this translation was published on Cyrillic script in 1583. Zanetti is also mentioned in prologue of the "Flower Triod" printed by Stefan Marinović in Scutari in 1563. In first two editions published in Latin script, the language of translation is referred to as "lingua Schiava" (lang-en|Slavonic language), while the third edition published on Cyrillic script refers to this language as Ragusan language,

paragraph: The only survived copy of third edition of translation is kept in the National Library of Russia in St Petersburg.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Miroslav Vanino: Bartol Sfondrati u Temesvaru g. 1582. Vrela i prinosi (Sarajevo) 1934. 150-153.

wikidata_label: Bartol Sfondrati

wikipedia_title: Bartol Sfondrati


text:
Italian
Grand Prix
motorcycle
road racer
Rome
2002
Mugello
2003
Andrea Dovizioso
2005
2006
2007
Turkish Grand Prix
Istanbul
2008
Aprilia RSA 125
Derbi
Mike Di Meglio
French round
Le Mans
2016
Speed Up
Sam Lowes
Profile on motogp.com

categories: 1987 births,Italian motorcycle racers,250cc World Championship riders,Sportspeople from Rome,125cc World Championship riders,Living people

paragraph: Simone Corsi

paragraph: Simone Corsi (born 24 April 1987) is an Italian Grand Prix motorcycle road racer.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Corsi was born in Rome.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:125cc World Championship.

paragraph: His first World Championship race was in 2002 at Mugello, in the 125cc class. Since the following year he has competed regularly in the world championship level.

paragraph: In 2003, he achieved two 9th places and finished 19th in the final standings. In the following year he improved and ended 13th in the final standings while his team-mate, Andrea Dovizioso, won the championship. In 2005 they both moved to 250cc, but were now riding different bikes.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:250cc World Championship.

paragraph: Corsi had a good first half of the year as he finished in the points in seven of the eight races. However, in the second half he finished in the points only once.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Return to 125cc.

paragraph: He returned to the 125cc class for 2006. Two fourth places and other lesser placings gave him 12th spot in the championship. But as five riders ahead of him moved to 250cc class, his 2007 looked promising.

paragraph: He won the Turkish Grand Prix at Istanbul, but apart from that, achieved only one podium and finished in 6th place.

paragraph: For 2008 he received a factory spec Aprilia RSA 125 and he was a title favourite for the year. He ultimately lost out to the Derbi of Mike Di Meglio.

paragraph: For 2009, it had been speculated that Corsi would ride for the Scot Honda team in 250's, but he continued in 125s with Aprilia.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Moto2 World Championship.

paragraph: In 2010, Corsi stepped up to the new intermediate Moto2 class, for Team JiR. He scored his first podium – and his team's first podium – in the class at the French round at Le Mans, moving into third place in the championship standings. He added another podium at Mugello, but a crash at the Sachsenring dented his championship hopes.

paragraph: In 2016, Corsi will join with Speed Up replacing Sam Lowes.

paragraph: Corsi has been involved in several collisions over the past few years, and has been a frequent visitor to Race Direction. In Mugello 2015, he was involved in a collision with Sam Lowes, in which Corsi turned in on Lowes, causing himself to crash. He did this also to Tito Rabat in Qatar the same year.

paragraph: In Austin 2016, he tried overtaking Takaaki Nakagami in the first corner with 5 laps to go, in which Corsi went up the inside of Nakagami when there was no room, causing Nakagami to crash. He was placed under investigation by Race Direction but it was subsequently deemed a racing incident. He did it again to Nakagami in Brno that year, but this time receiving a ride-through penalty for dangerous riding.

paragraph: In Catalunya 2016, he was investigated after making contact with Lorenzo Baldassari in a chicane, but it was deemed a racing incident.

paragraph: In Jerez 2017, he was involved in a collision with Nakagami and Xavi Vierge, when Corsi tried to overtake too many riders and lost the front, taking them out.

paragraph: Section::::Grand Prix motorcycle racing career.:Races by year.

paragraph: * Season still in progress.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile on motogp.com

description: Italian motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Simone Corsi

wikipedia_title: Simone Corsi


text: Tutbury Castle

text: Staffordshire

text: William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby

text: Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester

text: Helen of Galloway

text: Hugh XI of Lusignan

text: Count of La Marche

text: Henry III's

text: Westminster Abbey

text: Prince Edward

text: Peter of Savoy

text: Duffield Frith

text: Staffordshire

text: Nottinghamshire

text: Chartley Castle

text: Staffordshire

text: Lancashire

text: Ribble

text: Mersey

text: dower

text: Worcester

text: maritagium

text: gout

text: Richard de Clare, Earl of Gloucester

text: Simon de Montfort

text: King Henry III

text: Second Barons' War

text: Grosmont

text: Skenfrith

text: Whitecastle

text: Louis IX of France

text: Provisions of Oxford

text: Worcester

text: Gloucester Castle

text: Henry de Montfort

text: Peverel Castle

text: Margaret Peverel

text: Robert the second earl

text: King John

text: Robert of Gloucester

text: Northampton Castle

text: Crich

text: Tutbury Castle

text: Battle of Lewes

text: Bolsover

text: Horston

text: Tickhill

text: Chester Castle

text: Montfort's Parliament

text: Tower of London

text: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography

text: Roger de Mortimer

text: Kenilworth Castle

text: Battle of Evesham

text: Baldwin de Wake, lord of Chesterfield

text: Duffield Castle

text: Chesterfield

text: John d'Ayville

text: River Amber

text: Battle of Chesterfield

text: Windsor Castle

text: Edmund

text: Dictum of Kenilworth

text: Cippenham

text: Buckinghamshire

text: Richard, earl of Cornwall

text: Wallingford Castle

text: Duchy of Lancaster

text: crusades

text: Chartley Castle

text: Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester.

text: Eleanor de Braose

text: Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford

text: 1st Baron Ferrers of Chartley

text: Staffordshire

categories: 1239 births,Anglo-Normans,People from Derbyshire,1279 deaths,People from Tutbury,Burials in Staffordshire,Norman warriors

paragraph: Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby

paragraph: Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby (1239–1279) was an English nobleman.

paragraph: He was born at Tutbury Castle in Staffordshire, England, the son of William de Ferrers, 5th Earl of Derby, by his second wife Margaret de Quincy (born 1218), a daughter of Roger de Quincy, 2nd Earl of Winchester and Helen of Galloway.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: In 1249, at the age of 10, he married the seven-year-old Mary (or Marie), daughter of Hugh XI of Lusignan Count of La Marche, the eldest of Henry III's half-brothers, at Westminster Abbey. This arranged marriage is an indication of Henry's high regard for Robert's father. William died in 1254, so that Robert became a knight and inherited the title while he was still a minor. He and his estates became a ward of Prince Edward. In 1257, Edward sold the wardship to the queen and Peter of Savoy for 6000 marks, which might have been a source of the later antipathy of Ferrers for the prince.

paragraph: Section::::Inheritance.

paragraph: Robert came of age in 1260 and took possession of the vast estates he inherited. The first of these passed to him from his Norman ancestors, a large part of Derbyshire that included the area later known as Duffield Frith, together with parts of Staffordshire and Nottinghamshire. In addition, he received Chartley Castle in Staffordshire, and all Lancashire between the Ribble and the Mersey. This came from the estate of Ranulph de Blondeville, 4th Earl of Chester, whose sister, Robert's grandfather had married. By careful management, the estate had become worth around £1500, which meant that the Ferrers family was among the wealthiest in the country.

paragraph: However the estate was crippled by charges arising from William's death. Firstly a third of its worth was accounted for by his mother's dower, which included the major asset of Chartley. Nearly half was supporting a debt of around £800 incurred by his father, which the exchequer was calling in. To pay this he had taken a further loan, possibly from Jewish financiers in Worcester. Finally there was provision for his brother William and his wife Mary, who held two manors herself. It would seem that before taking his inheritance his only income had been the maritagium bestowed by King Henry.

paragraph: Section::::Baronial unrest.

paragraph: Unlike his predecessors, Robert was impetuous and violent, in part, perhaps, because he had inherited a severe form of gout from his grandfather. He was also unreliable and lacking in political sophistication. Almost as soon as he took control of his estate, he attacked the priory of Tutbury, which his family were patrons of.

paragraph: In the early years, Robert had taken little interest in politics, perhaps because of his preoccupation with the estate. Nevertheless, he was acquainted with the reforms that were being pursued, and with Richard de Clare, Earl of Gloucester, and Simon de Montfort, friends of the family.

paragraph: When Montfort returned to England in 1263 to begin a rebellion against King Henry III that became known as the Second Barons' War, Robert had to take sides, and moved towards Montfort. He is on record during May and June as taking the 'Three Castles'—Grosmont, Skenfrith, and Whitecastle in South Wales, which belonged to Prince Edward. When in January 1264, Louis IX of France declared the Provisions of Oxford unlawful and invalid, further unrest followed.

paragraph: Robert first attacked Worcester in February 1264, sacking the Jewish quarter, plundering the religious and private houses, and damaging the fences and lands of the Royal parks in the neighbourhood. He carried away the bonds recording his loans, effectively ameliorating his debt problem. He then went on to join Simon de Montfort's forces at Gloucester Castle, recently taken by Edward. To Robert's extreme annoyance, Edward escaped, having made a truce with Henry de Montfort, Simon's son. It would seem that the motives of Ferrers were less about support for reform than they were about hatred of Edward.

paragraph: The origins of this may well have been in the Ferrers family's long held claims on the estate of Peverel Castle through the marriage of Margaret Peverel to Robert the second earl. King John had assigned stewardship of the estate to the fourth earl, Robert's grandfather, but King Henry had taken it back and awarded it to Prince Edward. Finally there was Edward's custodianship during Robert's minority and the fact that some land had not been relinquished. Be that as it may, Robert of Gloucester observed that ""Of no one was Edward more afraid.""

paragraph: Edward's brief escape, however, allowed him, to attack Northampton Castle where Ferrers brother William, Anker de Frescheville, Lord of Crich and Baldwin Wake, Lord of Chesterfield were taken prisoner in March 1264. Edward went on to attack Ferrers at Chartley Castle, and later to destroy Tutbury Castle. This was followed by the Battle of Lewes in May. That Robert did not join Montfort there would support the idea that his activities were largely motivated by self-interest.

paragraph: Prince Edward and the king having finally been captured gave Ferrers his opportunity, gaining the royal castles of Bolsover, Horston, and Tickhill, in Yorkshire. By the end of 1264, he had also taken Peverel and, it is believed, Chester Castles.

paragraph: Section::::Retribution.

paragraph: Montfort's Parliament of 1265 broadened elected representation beyond the nobility to freeholder groups . Some of the Barons felt that he had gone too far and he began to lose support. Meanwhile, Edward continued under house arrest, and Montfort was working out an agreement for his release that included surrender of large portions of his lands.

paragraph: That these were lands that Ferrers had appropriated made Montfort a new and dangerous adversary. Montfort summoned Ferrers to the session of Parliament for January 1265, ordered him to surrender Peverel Castle, and accused him of "divers trespasses", after which he had him arrested and sent to the Tower of London.

paragraph: J. R. Maddicott, writing in the "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography", suggests that:

paragraph: Section::::Rebellion once more.

paragraph: Meanwhile, Montfort was steadily losing support and, in May, the Earl of Gloucester deserted to the side of the King. With his assistance, and that of Roger de Mortimer, Edward escaped from Kenilworth Castle. When he defeated Montfort at the Battle of Evesham in August 1265, the rebels were shown little mercy.

paragraph: In spite of Ferrers's activities against Prince Edward's estates, his support in the North Midlands was potentially useful to King Henry, as was his money. Ferrers was released and, on paying 1500 marks, was given a pardon, his inheritance was secured, and mediation arranged in his quarrel with Prince Edward.

paragraph: Far from accepting his good fortune, in 1266 he joined a number of previous Montfortian supporters, including Baldwin de Wake, lord of Chesterfield, in a fresh rebellion. Initially, it would seem that the rebels gathered at Ferrers's substantial Duffield Castle. However, from Tutbury, the royalist army, under Prince Henry, a nephew of Henry III, bypassed Duffield and proceeded to Chesterfield to intercept a force from the North under John d'Ayville.

paragraph: Robert was, therefore, compelled to move northwards, crossing the River Amber, which was then flooded, reaching Chesterfield on 15 May 1266, just as d'Ayville arrived from Dronfield. In what has come to be known as the Battle of Chesterfield, they engaged the Royal forces in battle and were defeated. One account suggests that they were surprised in their quarters and most of them killed. Other accounts suggest that Ferrers himself managed to take Chesterfield but was left exposed by the defeat of the other participants. Most of them withdrew into the forest where they lived as outlaws for two years. Ferrers was taken prisoner, some accounts suggesting that he was taken while having treatment for his gout, some that he was in hiding and was betrayed.

paragraph: Robert was captured, attainted of high treason, and imprisoned in Windsor Castle until 1269. Duffield Castle was pulled down and Henry's second son, Edmund, was given possession of his lands and goods.

paragraph: However, the Dictum of Kenilworth, issued in October 1266, provided that Ferrers could reclaim his lands in return for a redemption payment of seven times their annual value. They were returned at Windsor in 1269, with a debt of £50,000 to be paid to Edmund by 9 July.

paragraph: Although the chances of Robert finding such a sum were remote, Edmund and his associates made their position more secure by a move that was unlikely to have been intended by those who drafted the Dictum of Kenilworth. Ferrers was taken to the manor of Cippenham, Buckinghamshire, the property of Richard, earl of Cornwall. There, in the presence of John Chishall, the chancellor, he was required to assign the lands to twelve manucapters

paragraph: He was kept imprisoned at Richard of Cornwall's Wallingford Castle until the end of May and on 9 July the estate was transferred to Edmund. In time it would provide a considerable part of the revenues of the Duchy of Lancaster, while Ferrers was left virtually landless and deprived of his title.

paragraph: Section::::Declining years.

paragraph: Ferrers lived on for another ten years, during which he attempted to regain his estates, with little success, largely because the machinations at Cippenham had been quietly supported by the King and his council. Edmund, in any case, was absent at the crusades until 1273 and no legal redress could be sought.

paragraph: Soon after Edmund's return, Ferrers seized his old Chartley Castle by force, but was soon ejected. He then took a more considered approach, enlisting the help of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester. In 1274, when Edward, now King, returned to England, Ferrers pleaded that he had accepted the Kenilworth ruling, with its seven years' redemption period, but that Edmund had refused. Edmund's defence was the Cippenham 'agreement' and Ferrers's failure to meet its terms. Ferrers argued that the 'agreement' was made under duress, but it was held that chancellor Chishall's presence at the signing gave it full legal validity.

paragraph: Ferrers's case was dismissed and, although, in 1275, he was able to recover his manor at Chartley (but not the castle), it marked the end of the great position of what had been one of England's most powerful families.

paragraph: His final years were spent in the company of his family. His first wife, Mary, had died some time between 1266 and 1269, and the marriage had been childless. He married (2nd) 26 June 1269 Eleanor, daughter of Humphrey de Bohun, Knt., of Kimbolton, Huntingdonshire, and Eleanor de Braose, and granddaughter of Humphrey de Bohun, 2nd Earl of Hereford. Until 1275, when he recovered Chartley, the family appeared to have lived on his mother's dower lands in Northamptonshire. The couple had two children: John born at Cardiff, Wales 20 June 1271 (who later became 1st Baron Ferrers of Chartley), and Eleanor, wife of Robert Fitz Walter, Knt., 1st Lord Fitz Walter.

paragraph: Sir Robert de Ferrers, sometime Earl of Derby, died shortly before 27 April 1279, and was buried at St Thomas's Priory at Stafford, in Staffordshire. In Michaelmas term 1279 his widow, Eleanor, sued Edmund the king's brother for dower in a third of Tutbury, Scropton, Rolleston, Marchington, Calyngewode, Uttoxeter, Adgeresley, and Newborough, Staffordshire, and Duffield, Spondon, Chatesdene, and nine other vills named in Derbyshire; Edmund appeared in court and stated he held nothing in Spondon or Chatesdene, and as regards the rest Eleanor had no claim to dower in them, because neither at the time Robert had married her nor any time afterwards had he been seised of them. About 1280 Eleanor petitioned the king for the restoration of the manor of Chartley, Staffordshire, stating it was part of the inheritance of her son, John de Ferrers, who is under age and in the king's keeping. In 1284 she sued Thomas de Bray in a plea regarding custody of the land and heir of William le Botiller. In 1286 a commission was appointed by the king to investigate the persons who hunted and carried away deer and felled and carried away trees in the park of Eleanor late the wife of Robert de Ferrers at Chartley, Staffordshire. In 1290 she and her brother, Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, acknowledged they owed a debt of £200 to Robert de Tibetot and Matthew de Columbers, the king's butler. Eleanor, Countess of Derby, died 20 February 1313/4, and was buried at Walden Abbey, Essex.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

alias:
Robert de Ferrers
Robert Ferrers

description: English noble

wikidata_label: Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby

wikipedia_title: Robert de Ferrers, 6th Earl of Derby


text: theorist

text: Mals

text: South Tyrol

text: Innsbruck

text: conservatory

text: Vienna

text: Vienna

text: Johannes Brahms

text: Ignaz Brüll

text: Julius Epstein

text: Tyrol

text: Franz Schubert

text: Anton Bruckner

text: Tyrolean State Museum

text: Music Guide (Forum)

categories: 19th-century classical composers,Austrian classical composers,1893 deaths,People from Mals,1812 births,Austrian Romantic composers,Austrian male classical composers,Viennese composers

paragraph: Johann Rufinatscha

paragraph: Johann Rufinatscha (1 October 1812 – 25 May 1893) was an Austrian composer, theorist and music teacher.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Rufinatscha was born in 1812 in Mals (Austria, now in the Italian province of South Tyrol). At the age of 14 he came to Innsbruck, where he studied the piano, violin, and musical study at the conservatory. After that he settled in Vienna, where he would remain for the rest of his life.

paragraph: During his lifetime he was most prominent as a teacher of piano and harmony in Vienna. Rufinatscha seems to have spent most of his life teaching rather than composing actively, which would explain why he composed relatively few pieces. He knew Johannes Brahms and composed a number of works (including several symphonies) during the period in which Brahms refused to publish any symphonic works. While predicted by contemporaries to become a major composer of his day, this did not turn out to be the case, and as such he is still relatively obscure. However, as a music teacher he was influential; among his pupils were composers such as Ignaz Brüll and Julius Epstein. He died in 1893 in Vienna.

paragraph: Rufinatscha is recognised as one of Tyrol's most important composers of the 19th century. His works can be said to form a connection between those of Franz Schubert and Anton Bruckner. Shortly before his death Rufinatscha decided to donate the manuscripts of his compositions to the Tyrolean provincial museum, where they remain to this day. In the past few years some of his works have been recorded on CD, and are for sale from the Museum's shop.

paragraph: Section::::Compositions.

paragraph: Rufinatscha appears to have composed 5 full symphonies and one three-movement symphonic torso. The following is a list of his known compositions:

paragraph: Section::::Compositions.:Orchestral works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony No. 1 in D major "Mein erstes Studium" (composed: Innsbruck, 1834; performed: Innsbruck, 1844)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony No. 2 in E-flat major (composed: Vienna, 1840; performed: Vienna, Feb.1844)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony No. 3 in C minor (string parts only have survived; composed: Vienna 1846; performed: Vienna, September 1846; wind/brass parts reconstructed by Michael F.P.Huber for first modern performances on 24 and 25 November 2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony No. 4 in B minor (formerly known as No.5 - composed: Vienna 1846; performed: Vienna, October 1846?)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Symphony No. 5 in D major (formerly known as No.6 - composed: Vienna 1850; performed: Vienna, Easter Monday 1852?)

paragraph: Notes:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Piano Concerto (1850): scored for both orchestra and piano four-hands

paragraph: BULLET::::- Serenade for Strings (nd)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concert Overture in C major

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Innerer Kampf" ("Inner Struggle"), orchestral overture (nd)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Die Braut von Messina" ("The Bride of Messina"), orchestral overture (1850)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Dramatische Overture" (1878)

paragraph: Section::::Compositions.:Chamber music.

paragraph: BULLET::::- String Quartet in E-flat major (1850)

paragraph: BULLET::::- String Quartet in G major (1870)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Piano Trio in A-flat major (1868): third movement seems to be a reworking of the 2nd movement of the Piano Concerto.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Piano Quartet in C minor (1836)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Piano Quartet in A-flat major (1870): the first and the last movements possibly are reworkings of earlier compositions.

paragraph: Section::::Compositions.:Instrumental works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sonata for Piano 4-hands in D minor (1850)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Piano Sonata No. 2 in C major, Op.7 (1855)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 6 Character Pieces, Op.14 (by 1871)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Piano Sonata in D minor, Op.18 (1880)

paragraph: Section::::Recordings.

paragraph: The Tyrolean State Museum has released multiple CDs with works by Rufinatscha. Among them are the extant symphonies (nos. 1, 2, 3, 4 [5] and 5 [6], the Piano Trio, the String Quartets in E flat major and G major, and the four-hand reduction of the Piano Concerto. As of November 2009 the full orchestra version of the Piano Concerto became available, along with two concert overtures.

paragraph: A series of CDs of Rufinatscha's orchestral music is now being planned by Chandos Records, of which the first - the 5th [6th] Symphony and the overture The Bride of Messina - has now (March 2011) been issued.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Music Guide (Forum)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Innsbruck shop

description: Austrian composer

wikidata_label: Johann Rufinatscha

wikipedia_title: Johann Rufinatscha


text:
Triunfo
Porto Alegre
Brazil
Theatre of the Absurd
Guilhermino César

categories: 19th-century Brazilian dramatists and playwrights,Male dramatists and playwrights,1883 deaths,1829 births,Brazilian male writers,19th-century male writers,19th-century Brazilian people

paragraph: Qorpo-Santo

paragraph: José Joaquim de Campos Leão, also known as Qorpo-Santo (Triunfo, April 19, 1829 - Porto Alegre May 1, 1883), was a Brazilian journalist and playwright. He is known to have written the very first absurdist theatre plays, long time before the term Theatre of the Absurd was coined. His family put him under judicial interdiction in 1861, because he was "writing down everything". As a matter of fact, just in May 1866 he wrote 8 plays, as noted by Guilhermino César. He looked for the best mental doctors in Brazil at that time and got a document telling he was sane, but the judge never took him out of the interdiction.

description: Brazilian playwright, poet and journalist

wikidata_label: Qorpo-Santo

wikipedia_title: Qorpo-Santo