text:
session musician
Linda Ronstadt
Stevie Nicks
Keith Richards
The Rolling Stones
Saint Of Me
Jon Bon Jovi
James Taylor
Iggy Pop
Warren Zevon
Bryan Ferry
Michael Sweet
Jackson Browne
Andrew Gold
Jackson Heights
borough
Jewish
NBC
Carnegie Hall
Sal Salvador
The Cowsills
session player
The Cowsills
The Poseidon Adventure
Joe Dirt
Up in Smoke
Nice Guys Sleep Alone
The Longest Yard
The Benchwarmers
Grandma's Boy
Strange Wilderness
The House Bunny
Warren Zevon
Joe Walsh
Jackson Browne
Linda Ronstadt
Warren Zevon
The Everly Brothers
Stories We Could Tell
Lindsey Buckingham
Stevie Nicks
Buckingham Nicks
Fleetwood Mac
Fleetwood Mac
Peter Asher
Linda Ronstadt
Don Grolnick
Dan Dugmore
Rick Marotta
Steve Perry
Journey
Street Talk
Keith Richards
The Church
Sand Rubies
George Thorogood and the Destroyers
Werewolves of London
Mr. Bad Example
Annabel Lee
child pornography
Brett Tuggle
Stevie
1960 Gibson Les Paul
1957 Fender Stratocaster
Gibson
Rick Rosas
Bernard Fowler
Blondie Chaplin
Grammy Award
Taylor Swift
Rhiannon
Waddy Wachtel Band Website

categories: Songwriters from New York (state),Guitarists from Los Angeles,People from Queens, New York,American bandleaders,20th-century American guitarists,1947 births,Living people,American rock guitarists,Slide guitarists,American session musicians,Guitarists from New York City,Lead guitarists,Record producers from New York (state),Record producers from California,Songwriters from California,American male guitarists

paragraph: Waddy Wachtel

paragraph: Robert "Waddy" Wachtel (born May 24, 1947) is an American musician, composer and record producer, most notable for his guitar work. Wachtel has worked as session musician for other artists such as Linda Ronstadt, Stevie Nicks, Keith Richards (guitarist of Keith's side-band The X-pensive Winos), The Rolling Stones (lead guitar on Saint Of Me), Jon Bon Jovi, James Taylor, Iggy Pop, Warren Zevon, Bryan Ferry, Michael Sweet, Jackson Browne, and Andrew Gold, both in the studio and live.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Wachtel was born May 24, 1947, in Jackson Heights in the New York City borough of Queens. At about age 9–10, Wachtel began to learn to play the guitar, taking lessons with teacher Gene Dell (who insisted that he learn to play right-handed despite being naturally left-handed) until about age 14. At that age, he says, he began writing songs. Waddy is Jewish.

paragraph: Wachtel also studied with Rudolph Schramm, who was the head of the NBC staff orchestra and went on to teach music at Carnegie Hall. Schramm tried to get Wachtel to take piano lessons, but Wachtel was intent on playing guitar so Schramm agreed to give him guitar lessons three times a week on rhythm, melody and harmony.

paragraph: After performing with local bands in the New York area, Wachtel formed his own band, The Orphans, who played in Connecticut and New Hampshire. Eventually the band settled into a regular bar band routine, playing in Newport, Rhode Island, where Wachtel took lessons from Sal Salvador. When the Orphans disbanded, he formed another band, Twice Nicely. At the suggestion of Bud Cowsill (of The Cowsills), he brought Twice Nicely to Los Angeles in 1968 where they recorded a few demos, but after two years, Wachtel decided to work as a session player, recording with The Cowsills and produce their albums.

paragraph: Section::::Films.

paragraph: In 1972, he made an appearance in the film "The Poseidon Adventure" with the actual band on stage in the dining room when the ship capsizes.

paragraph: He also played in the Oscar's awarded short film "Session Man" in 1991.

paragraph: Wachtel has composed and played instruments for film scores including "Joe Dirt", "Up in Smoke", "Nice Guys Sleep Alone", "The Longest Yard", "The Benchwarmers", "Grandma's Boy", "", "Strange Wilderness", "The House Bunny", and "". He has also composed, produced, or performed in songs with Warren Zevon, Joe Walsh, Jackson Browne, Linda Ronstadt and others.

paragraph: Section::::Session and touring work.

paragraph: In 1972, he was hired by Warren Zevon to play guitar on The Everly Brothers "Stories We Could Tell" album and join them in a subsequent tour.

paragraph: By 1973, he played with Lindsey Buckingham and Stevie Nicks on their first album "Buckingham Nicks" (credited as 'Waddy', no surname), and on tour. Later, when Nicks and Buckingham joined Fleetwood Mac, he played rhythm guitar on their 1975 album "Fleetwood Mac" on the track "Sugar Daddy".

paragraph: In 1980, he wrote, recorded and sang lead vocals on an album for producer Peter Asher with members of Linda Ronstadt's band, including musicians Don Grolnick, Dan Dugmore, and Rick Marotta. Both the group and the album were titled Ronin. Released on the Mercury label, the record never charted.

paragraph: In 1984 he played on Steve Perry's (Journey) solo album Street Talk.

paragraph: He has appeared on hundreds of albums with many different artists and bands.

paragraph: Production credits include albums by Stevie Nicks, Keith Richards, Jackson Browne, Bryan Ferry, The Church, Sand Rubies, George Thorogood and the Destroyers and Warren Zevon. Wachtel co-wrote several songs with Zevon including "Werewolves of London". He also co-wrote the Warren Zevon song "Things to Do in Denver When You're Dead" from the album "Mr. Bad Example". He performed and co-produced the first two Zevon albums.

paragraph: Wachtel also shares co-writing credits with Stevie Nicks on a few tracks such as "Annabel Lee", and "I Don't Care".

paragraph: Section::::Misconceptions.

paragraph: Wachtel has been credited on some albums as Bob Wachtel, but some online sources have incorrectly credited him as Richard Wachtel on albums he was credited as having played guitar on.

paragraph: Section::::Criminal charges and legal problems.

paragraph: Wachtel and his wife Annie were arrested in 1998 on suspicion of possession of child pornography after illicit images were found on a computer they had in their home, also hard copies and duplicates of child porn were found in the home. The case against Wachtel's wife was dismissed; Wachtel pleaded no contest and was placed on probation for three years.

paragraph: Musician Brett Tuggle defended Wachtel and his wife, saying "there is no way that Stevie would have him in her band if she thought he was guilty of any wrongdoing."

paragraph: Section::::Equipment.

paragraph: Wachtel plays a 1960 Gibson Les Paul and 1957 Fender Stratocaster. He said in a 1980 interview that the newest made guitar he owned was a 1964 Fender Stratocaster. Wachtel purchased the Les Paul guitar from Stephen Stills for $350. In September 2014 the Gibson Custom Shop chose the 1960 Les Paul Waddy Wachtel guitar for their new Collector's Choice series.

paragraph: Section::::2000 to present.

paragraph: Wachtel performs regularly with the Waddy Wachtel Band in the Los Angeles area, notably at The Joint from 2000 through 2013. The band at that time included Phil Jones, Rick Rosas, Bernard Fowler and Blondie Chaplin, among others. He continues to gig with his band, with some personnel changes, while retaining Fowler and Chaplin. Many famous artists have performed with the band as special guests.

paragraph: Wachtel appeared on the 2010 Grammy Award television show backing Taylor Swift's live presentation. In Swift's duet with Nicks on the song "Rhiannon", Wachtel was featured on lead guitar.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Waddy Wachtel Band Website

alias:
Robert "Waddy" Wachtel
Robert Wachtel
Robert T. Wachtel
00068664928 IPI

wikidata_label: Waddy Wachtel

wikipedia_title: Waddy Wachtel


text:
fl.
Kęstutis
Grand Duke of Lithuania
Kaunas Castle
Navahrudak
Wigand of Marburg
garrison
Kaunas Castle
three-week siege
Teutonic Knights
Vytautas
Tautvilas Kęstutaitis
Navahrudak
Butautas
Bychowiec Chronicle
Gediminids
Kęstutis
Birutė
Lithuanian Civil War (1381–84)
Vytautas
Teutonic Order
Ivan Olshansky
Tautvilas Kęstutaitis
House of Kęstutis
Motorised Infantry Brigade Iron Wolf

categories: 14th-century births,People from Kaunas,History of Kaunas,Gediminids

paragraph: Vaidotas

paragraph: Vaidotas (fl. 1362) was a son of Kęstutis, Grand Duke of Lithuania. In reliable historical sources he is mentioned only twice: as defender of Kaunas Castle in 1362 and as ruler of Navahrudak. Due to very limited information, his life is subject to wide-ranging theories by historians.

paragraph: Section::::Historical mentions.

paragraph: According to the chronicles of Wigand of Marburg, he was the commander of the garrison of the newly built Kaunas Castle during the three-week siege in April 1362. After strong resistance the castle was taken over and then destroyed. Vaidotas with 36 men tried to break through, but was taken prisoner. The defeat was one of the largest and important military victories of the Teutonic Knights in the 14th century against Lithuania.

paragraph: In a 1401 document his brother Grand Duke Vytautas wrote that some years before Vaidotas and his brother Tautvilas Kęstutaitis were given to rule Navahrudak equally, but it is unclear when that occurred. Historians proposed 1365 as the most likely date.

paragraph: Section::::Interpretations.

paragraph: Because of very limited historical sources, Vaidotas is sometimes confused with Vaidutis (Waydutte), son of Butautas and grandson of Kęstutis. Further confusion is introduced by the Bychowiec Chronicle, an unreliable chronicle from the 16th century, which claims that Vaidotas died in his youth in Lithuania. C. S. Rowell argued that Butautas and Vaidotas were the same person and their names were recorded differently because of different dialects.

paragraph: In his 1999 monograph on the early Gediminids, Polish historian provided the following biography of Vaidotas: he was the eldest son of Kęstutis and Birutė; was captured at Kaunas in 1362, but returned before 1365 and received Navahrudak; converted to Eastern Orthodoxy and was baptized as Ivan; had two sons Jerzy and Konrad; in 1384, during the Lithuanian Civil War (1381–84), accompanied Vytautas to the Teutonic Order; in 1389, visited the Order as Vytautas' envoy; died after 1390. Many of these conclusions are based on many conjectures and the assumptions that Ivan accompanying Vytautas is not Ivan Olshansky, that son Jerzy is not , and that son Konrad is not Tautvilas Kęstutaitis.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- House of Kęstutis – family tree of Vaidotas

paragraph: BULLET::::- Motorised Infantry Brigade Iron Wolf – one of its battalions is named after Duke Vaidotas

description: Lithuanian noble

wikidata_label: Vaidotas

wikipedia_title: Vaidotas


text:
Prague
Kęstutis
Grand Duke of Lithuania
Algirdas
Holy Roman Emperor
Vaidotas
Jan Długosz
Masuria
Gediminas
Volhynia
Liubartas
Galicia–Volhynia Wars
coup d'état
Vilnius
Survila
Teutonic Knights
Köningsberg
Insterburg
Warmia
Sambia
Earl of Warwick
Vilkmergė
Kernavė
Maišiagala
Prague
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Pope Urban V
Modena
Lucca
Rome
Udine
Prague
Tangermünde
Jerichow
papal legate
Bohemian dukes
St. Thomas' Church
Vytautas the Great
Requiem Mass
Paris
Jogaila
Jagiellonian University
Gediminids
House of Kęstutis

categories: 14th-century births,Medieval Lithuanian nobility,1380 deaths,Gediminids

paragraph: Butautas

paragraph: Butautas (baptized "Henryk"; died on May 7, 1380 in Prague) was a son of Kęstutis, Grand Duke of Lithuania. He attempted to depose his uncle Algirdas and usurp power in Lithuania, but failed and was forced into exile. He joined the court of the Holy Roman Emperor and even inspired a poem about conversion to Christianity. Butautas is sometimes confused with his brother Vaidotas.

paragraph: Section::::Coup and escape to Teutonic Knights.

paragraph: The first written record about Butautas comes from Jan Długosz. The historian describes Lithuanian raids into Masuria in 1336 and mentions Butautas, son of Gediminas. Because of confused fathers, this information is not considered reliable.

paragraph: The first reliable data comes from summer of 1365. While Algirdas and Kęstutis were in Volhynia helping their brother Liubartas in the Galicia–Volhynia Wars, Butautas together with other nobles attempted a "coup d'état". However, the plans were discovered by Dirsūnas, deputy of Vilnius. Butautas was arrested, but his accomplice or brother Survila rescued him and killed Dirsūnas. The coup failed and Butautas, Survila, and fifteen followers had to flee to the Teutonic Knights. Historian S. C. Rowell questioned whether the coup really happened as it is mentioned only in a late German source.

paragraph: In Köningsberg, Butautas was baptized as Henryk in honor of the Commander of Insterburg on July 25, 1365. Two Bishops, John of Warmia and Bartholomew of Sambia were summoned for the ceremony, also attended by English crusaders, including Earl of Warwick and Thomas Ufford. In August, he led a Teutonic raid deep into Lithuania reaching as far as Vilnius and Vilkmergė. During the 12-day raid Kernavė and Maišiagala were devastated.

paragraph: Section::::Life at emperor's court.

paragraph: Sometime between August 1366 and April 1368, Butautas departed to Prague to join the court of Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor. Survila remained with the Knights. Charles gave Butautas lands and the noble title of duke (Herzog). Butautas is mentioned as a witness to several treaties and companion of the emperor on several trips, including one to Italy to Pope Urban V. He witnessed imperial charters issued in Modena, Lucca, Rome, Udine, Prague, Tangermünde, and Jerichow. This last charter listed Butautas as "King of Lithuania" together with imperial family and before papal legates and other Bohemian dukes. At some point, the court was visited by German poet Schondoch who later composed a poem how an unnamed "Lithuanian king" was converted into Christianity.

paragraph: Clarles died in 1378. Just two years later Butautas died in Prague and was buried in St. Thomas' Church. In 1413, his brother Vytautas the Great ordered Requiem Mass and gave the church a large carpet. Because of this activity sometimes 1413 is given as Butautas' date of death.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: It is known that Butautas left one son, Vaidutis, in Lithuania. He also emigrated to the west in 1381 at the age of sixteen. After his father's death he studied in Paris until 1387. In 1401, after his return to Poland, his cousin Jogaila, King of Poland, appointed him as the rector of the Jagiellonian University. He died in 1422.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gediminids

paragraph: BULLET::::- House of Kęstutis – family tree of Butautas

description: Lithuanian noble

wikidata_label: Butautas

wikipedia_title: Butautas


text:
Mahayana Buddhism
sōhei
Omi Province
Mount Hiei
Kyoto
Mount Hiei

categories: Buddhist monks,912 births,985 deaths,Tendai,Japanese religious leaders

paragraph: Ryōgen

paragraph: He is considered a restorer of the Tendai school of Mahayana Buddhism, and credited for reviving Enryaku-ji. His supposed role as a precursor of the "sōhei" or "warrior monks" is questionable and seems to be a later invention (see Adolphson 2007).

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Ryōgen was born in the Omi Province in 912, and he began his practice at Mount Hiei in 923, becoming chief abbot in 966.

paragraph: Over the course of the 10th century, there had been a number of disputes between Enryaku-ji and the other temples and shrines of the Kyoto area, many of which were resolved by force. In 970, Ryōgen formed a small army to defend Enryaku-ji and to serve its interests in these disputes. Records are not fully clear on whether this army consisted of hired mercenaries, or, as would be the case later, trained monks. Most likely, this first temple standing army was a mercenary group, separate from the monks, since Ryōgen forbade monks from carrying weapons.

paragraph: In addition to the prohibition on carrying weapons, Ryōgen's monks were subject to a list of 26 articles released by Ryōgen in 970; they were forbidden from covering their faces, inflicting corporal punishment, violently interrupting prayer services, or leaving Mount Hiei during their twelve-year training.

paragraph: In 981 Ryōgen was appointed general administrator, the most important rank in priesthood.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Adolphson, Mikael S. 2007. "The Teeth and Claws of the Buddha: Monastic Warriors and Sōhei in Japanese History". Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Groner, Paul. 2002. "Ryōgen and Mount Hiei: Japanese Tendai in the Tenth Century". Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Turnbull, Stephen (2003). "Japanese Warrior Monks AD 949-1603". Oxford: Osprey Publishing.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yamada Etai (1959): "Ganzan daishi". Tokyo: Daiichi Shobō.

alias: Ryogen Ryougen

description: Japanese Buddhist monk

wikidata_label: Ryōgen

wikipedia_title: Ryōgen


text: food writer

text: Modern Cookery for Private Families

text: Brussels sprout

text: spaghetti

text: Christmas pudding

text: Sussex

text: Suffolk

text: boarding school

text: middle class

text: Longman

text: The English Bread-Book for Domestic Use

text: Isabella Beeton

text: plagiarised

text: Elizabeth David

text: Jane Grigson

text: Delia Smith

text: Rick Stein

text: Battle

text: Sussex

text: baptised

text: parish church

text: brewer

text: Ipswich

text: Suffolk

text: boarding school

text: Claydon

text: Great Bealings

text: Woodbridge

text: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography

text: illegitimate

text: Longman

text: Queen Victoria

text: bankrupt

text: Commissioner of Bankruptcy

text: Tonbridge

text: Kent

text: upper class

text: Royal Tunbridge Wells

text: spa

text: Modern Cookery in all its Branches

text: English middle class

text: curries

text: potted meat

text: chatneys

text: brussels sprout

text: Christmas pudding

text: The Morning Post

text: The Spectator

text: Kentish Gazette

text: The Atlas

text: s

text: Hampstead

text: Ashkenazi cuisine

text: The English Bread-Book for Domestic Use

text: adulteration

text: flour miller

text: alum

text: St John-at-Hampstead

text: romantic

text: unrequited love

text: Gothic romantic

text: Elizabeth David

text: Jane Austen

text: Lord Byron

text: Fanny Burnley

text: Tobias Smollett

text: Bird's Custard Powder

text: Justus von Liebig

text: Oxo

text: stock cube

text: William Gregory

text: pumpernickel

text: baguette

text: polenta

text: John Burnet

text: Alan Davidson

text: cognac

text: macaroon

text: Isabella Beeton

text: The Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine

text: plagiarised

text: Samuel

text: Kathryn Hughes

text: Bee Wilson

text: Delia Smith

text: Jane Grigson

text: Rick Stein

text: Poems by Eliza Acton

categories: 1859 deaths,Women food writers,1799 births,People from Battle, East Sussex,English chefs,English food writers,19th-century English poets,People from Hampstead,Women of the Victorian era,English women poets,Women cookbook writers,People from Ipswich

paragraph: Eliza Acton

paragraph: Elizabeth "Eliza" Acton (17 April 1799 – 13 February 1859) was an English food writer and poet, who produced one of Britain's first cookery books aimed at the domestic reader, "Modern Cookery for Private Families". The book introduced the now-universal practice of listing ingredients and giving suggested cooking times for each recipe. It included the first recipes in English for Brussels sprouts and for spaghetti. It also contains the first recipe for what Acton called "Christmas pudding"; the dish was normally called plum pudding, recipes for which had appeared previously, although Acton was the first to put the name and recipe together.

paragraph: Acton was born in 1799 in Sussex. She was raised in Suffolk where she ran a girls' boarding school before spending time in France. On her return to England in 1826 she published a collection of poetry and released her cookery book in 1845, aimed at middle class families. Written in an engaging prose, the book was well received by reviewers. It was reprinted within the year and several editions followed until 1918, when Longman, the book's publisher, took the decision not to reprint. In 1857 Acton published "The English Bread-Book for Domestic Use", a more academic and studious work than "Modern Cookery". The work consisted of a history of bread-making in England, a study of European methods of baking and numerous recipes.

paragraph: In the later years of its publication, "Modern Cookery" was eclipsed by the success of Isabella Beeton's bestselling "Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management" (1861), which included several recipes plagiarised from Acton's work. Although "Modern Cookery" was not reprinted in full until 1994, the book has been admired by English cooks in the second part of the 20th century, and influenced many of them, including Elizabeth David, Jane Grigson, Delia Smith and Rick Stein.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life.

paragraph: Eliza Acton was born on 17 April 1799 in Battle, Sussex, and was baptised at her local parish church on 5 June. She was the eldest of six sisters and three brothers born to John Acton, a brewer, and his wife Elizabeth, "" Mercer. By 1800 the family had moved to Ipswich, Suffolk, where they lived in a house adjoining the St. Peter's Brewery, where John took employment running Trotman, Halliday & Studd, the company that owned the brewery. In 1811 Trotman died, and John was offered the opportunity to become the junior partner in the firm; he accepted and the business was renamed Studd, Halliday and Acton. Sheila Hardy, in her biography of Eliza, considers it likely that John would have borrowed heavily to buy himself into the business.

paragraph: In 1817 Acton, with a Miss Nicolson—about whom no further information is known—opened a "boarding school for young ladies" in Claydon, just outside Ipswich. In 1819 Acton left the school and opened another in September with her sisters, this time at nearby Great Bealings; the school moved to Woodbridge in 1822 and had probably closed by 1825.

paragraph: Early in her life Acton spent some time in France—either in Paris or the south of the country—but it is not known when she left England; Hardy considers it likely that she travelled in 1823. The food historian Elizabeth Ray, writing in the "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography", states that Acton travelled abroad for the good of her health, because she had a weak constitution. It is possible that she was pregnant when she left for Paris and that she went abroad to give birth to an illegitimate daughter. The food writers Mary Aylett and Olive Ordish theorise that Acton's child was raised by Sarah, Eliza's sister. The two observe that "there is no evidence for this, other than family tradition". Hardy dismisses the theory, stating that Acton did not have a sister called Sarah, let alone one who was married (none of Acton's sisters were married); she also observes that she has found no baptismal or census record that would account for a child of the right age. While in France Acton had an unhappy relationship with a French army officer; it is possible there was an engagement, but if so it was broken off. She returned to England, probably in 1826.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Poet.

paragraph: Acton had been writing poetry since at least 1822, as she wrote that year on the bottom of one of her poems. She wrote at least one while in France, "On Approaching Paris", which she dated 1826. When she returned to England, she arranged for a collection to be published by Longman. As was the practice for publishers at the time, Acton had to provide the names of subscribers—those who had pre-paid for a copy—who were listed inside the work; nearly all came from Suffolk. 328 copies were printed in October 1826 and a reprint was needed within a month. She subsequently wrote some longer poems, including "The Chronicles of Castel Framlingham", which was printed in the "Sudbury Chronicle" in 1838, and "The Voice of the North", which was written in 1842 on the occasion of Queen Victoria's first visit to Scotland. Other poems were published in a local periodical, the "Sudbury Pocket Book".

paragraph: In 1827 John Acton was declared bankrupt, and the company in which he was a partner was dissolved; one of his business partners was involved in the claim against him. The Commissioner of Bankruptcy ordered John to surrender himself to the Office of the Commissioners to disclose his wealth, but he fled to France. In his absence his family moved into Bordyke House, near Tonbridge, Kent, where Elizabeth Acton, Eliza's mother, turned the large building into a boarding house for upper class guests, particularly for those who wanted to visit Royal Tunbridge Wells and enjoy the spa facilities there. It is likely that Elizabeth left Bordyke House around 1841, although her daughter remained in residence.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Cookery writer.

paragraph: At some point—Hardy considers 1835; Aylett and Ordish consider 1837—Acton sent a further set of poems to Longman for publishing. The company reportedly declined the poems, and suggested that she write a cookery book instead; Hardy considers the story apocryphal. By her own account, Acton took ten years to develop her cookery book, which was published in January 1845 under the title "Modern Cookery in all its Branches". The work was aimed at the English middle classes; in the preface she wrote:

paragraph: The details of domestic economy, in particular, are no longer sneered at as beneath the attention of the educated and accomplished; and the truly refined, intelligent, and high-minded women of England have ceased, in these days of comparative good sense, to consider their acquaintance with such details as inconsistent with their dignity or injurious to their attractions.

paragraph: "Modern Cookery" consists of mainly English recipes, although Acton labelled several of them "French". A chapter covers curries (and potted meats), and gives recipes for Eastern "chatneys" (chutney), treating them as a naturalised Anglo-Indian dish, rather than of solely Indian origin, according to the professor of English literature Susan Zlotnick. The book contains the first recipe for brussels sprouts, and the first use in an English cookery book of the word "spaghetti"—which she spelled "sparghetti". It also contains the first recipe for what Acton called "Christmas pudding"; the dish was normally called plum pudding, recipes for which had appeared previously, although Acton was the first to put the name and recipe together.

paragraph: Acton's layout for each recipe was for the description of the cooking process followed by a list of ingredients and the total cooking time required for the preparation of the dish. With the inclusion of timings and ingredients, "Modern Cookery" differed from other cookery books, and was a development of Acton's own. Acton wrote that each recipe had been cooked and "proved beneath our own roof and under our own personal inspection". The food historian Sarah Freeman describes the cooking instructions Acton produced as being written "so conscientiously, and with such gastronomic sensitivity, that ... ["Modern Cookery"] was as much a work of art on food as it was functional".

paragraph: The reviews for "Modern Cookery" were positive, and the critic from "The Morning Post" considered it "unquestionably the most valuable compendium of the art that has yet been published". The review in "The Spectator" stated that the order of the book was "very natural", while "the methods are clearly described, and seem founded on chemical principles"; the reviewer for the "Kentish Gazette" also commended the clarity of the instructions, and the inclusion of ingredients and timings. The unnamed critic for "The Atlas" described the layout for the recipes to be "excellent" and, in a positive review in "The Exeter and Plymouth Gazette", praise was given to "the intelligibility of the instructions which are given", which contrasted with other cookery books.

paragraph: A second edition of "Modern Cookery" was released in May 1845, containing corrections and updates; Longmans also released this version in the US, through the Philadelphia company of Lea & Blanchard. The book sold well, and in June 1845 Longmans sent Acton £67 11s 2d as her share of the profits. In subsequent years she earned £162 in 1846 and £189 in 1847, when she was being paid half the profits; in 1849 she dropped to quarter of the profits and received £83.

paragraph: Some time after "Modern Cookery" was published, Acton moved from Tonbridge to Hampstead, north west London. She became the cookery correspondent for the weekly magazines "The Ladies' Companion" and "Household Words", and began writing research for a book on nourishment for the ill, "Invalid Cookery". She interrupted her research to write a new edition of "Modern Cookery". This was published in 1855, and renamed as "Modern Cookery for Private Families", the name by which it is best known. This version contains an additional chapter named "Foreign and Jewish Cookery"; the Jewish recipes are from Ashkenazi cuisine.

paragraph: Such was the success of Acton's first editions of the book, it was increasingly copied by other cookery writers. In the preface to the 1855 edition, Acton wrote of "the unscrupulous manner in which large portions of my volume have been appropriated by contemporary authors, without the slightest acknowledgement of the source from which they have been derived". She was in increasingly poor health during the 1850s and wrote in her preface that she was "suffering at present too severe a penalty for ... over-exertion"; this toil, she continued, was "so completely at variance with all the previous habits of my life, and ... so injurious in its effects".

paragraph: Acton had been disappointed that she had not been able to add as much information into the 1855 edition about bread-making as she wanted to, but decided, despite her health, that she would take on the subject in a new work, "The English Bread-Book for Domestic Use". Published in May 1857, this was not a recipe book along the same lines as "Modern Cookery", but is described by Hardy as "a serious, scientific study ... much darker in tone than her previous work". It consists of a history of bread-making in England, improvements made to the bread-making process in Europe, an examination of the ingredients used and recipes of different types of bread. Acton also included information about the adulteration of bread by flour millers and bakers of the time, which included the addition of alum and what she called "other deleterious substances". The food writer Elizabeth Ray observes that the book was less successful than "Modern Cookery", and was not reprinted until 1990.

paragraph: Acton, who suffered from poor health for much of her life, died at home on 13 February 1859, at the age of 59. She was buried four days later at St John-at-Hampstead church, London.

paragraph: Section::::Books.

paragraph: Section::::Books.:Poems.

paragraph: Lee Christine O'Brien, in her examination of 19th-century women's poetry, considers that Acton "participated in a poetic field the richness of which eclipsed her own output". O'Brien sees humour and humanity in some of Acton's poetry. Aylett and Ordish class Acton's poetry as being written in a romantic style; they consider the work to be "accomplished rather than inspired", although it is also "derivative and often banal" and clichéd. Hardy identifies themes repeated through Acton's poems of the praise of nature and a pleasure in twilight; most of them were on the theme of unrequited love and several may relate to her feelings towards her possible former fiancée. Hardy also sees in the poems an "almost masculine intensity and depth of feeling". O'Brien sees humour in some of Acton's poetry, and cites "Come To My Grave"—a work about "a mildly acerbic and witty potential revenant, musing on revenge"—as a parody of a love lyric with Gothic romantic overtones.

paragraph: poem

paragraph: Come to my grave when I am gone,

paragraph: And bend a moment there alone;

paragraph: It will not cost thee much of pain

paragraph: To trample on my heart again–

paragraph: Or, if it would, for ever stay

paragraph: Far distant from my mouldering clay:

paragraph: I would not wound thy breast to prove

paragraph: E'en its most deep, 'remorse of love.'

paragraph: The grave should be a shrine of peace

paragraph: Where all unkindly feelings cease;–

paragraph: Though thou wilt calmly gaze on mine

paragraph: I would not live the hour to see,

paragraph: Which doom'd my glance to rest on thine:–

paragraph: That moment's bitter agony

paragraph: Would bid the very life-blood start

paragraph: Back, and congeal around my heart!–

paragraph: /poem

paragraph: Section::::Books.:Cookery.

paragraph: O'Brien sees that, through the high quality of Acton's prose, "Modern Cookery" is a unique cultural document. As the food writer Elizabeth David writes,

paragraph: [Acton's] ... book was the final expression ... of pre-Industrial England's taste in food and attitude to cookery. The dishes she describes and the ingredients which went into them would have been familiar to Jane Austen and Lord Byron, to Fanny Burnley and Tobias Smollett.

paragraph: Many of the dishes Acton describes belong, according to David, to the 18th century and, with increasing industrialisation and urbanisation of the 19th century, the staple foods described were already being replaced. David cites the example of Bird's Custard Powder, launched in 1840, as an example of the radical changes being introduced to cooking. Acton adopted some of the changes in food science into the 1855 re-write of the book, including the developments of Justus von Liebig—the developer of the Oxo brand beef stock cube—and William Gregory, Liebig's pupil and translator.

paragraph: Acton, in her preface to "Modern Cookery", writes that her "first and best attention has been bestowed on ... what are usually termed plain English dishes" for her recipes, and Christopher Driver, the journalist and food critic, considers the book "as English as ... [its] eighteenth-century predecessors". Elizabeth Ray observes that while Acton "is basically a very English cook", many of the recipes are labelled as French dishes, and foreign food is given its own chapter. These are recipes from the cuisines of Indian, Syria, Turkey, Italy, Germany, Portugal, Mauritius, Switzerland and the West Indies. Acton was willing to learn from foreign food cultures, and wrote "Without adopting blindly foreign modes in anything merely because they "are" foreign, surely we should be wise to learn from other nations". Similarly, "The English Bread Book" was focused on British bread and, in her preface, Acton wrote "Bread is a first necessity of life to the great mass of the English people; being in part the food of all—the chief food of many—and almost the sole food of many more." She devotes a whole chapter to the approach to bread and bread-making in France, Germany and Belgium, and the book contains recipes for German pumpernickel, French baguettes, Italian polenta bread, Turkish rolls and Indian breads.

paragraph: The food historian Bob Ashley identifies that the strongest theme in "Modern Cookery" is economy in food, although this is also tempered by Acton's advice to reject dubious ingredients. In her preface to the book, Acton writes that "It may be safely averred that good cookery is the best and truest economy, turning to full account every wholesome article of food, and converting into palatable meals what the ignorant either render uneatable or throw away in disdain". She provides a recipe for "Elegant Economist's Pudding", which uses left-over Christmas pudding; when giving a recipe for "Superlative Hare Soup", she also provides one for "A Less Expensive Hare Soup". The social historian John Burnet observes that although the dishes were supposedly aimed at middle-class families of modest income, the book contains recipes that include truffles in champagne, soles in cream and a pie of venison and hare.

paragraph: The food writer Alan Davidson considers "Modern Cookery" to be "among the most elegantly written (and practical) cookery books ever published". Nicola Humble, in her book on the history of British cookery books, writes that Acton provides "the quirky, confident perspective of the expert" in text that is "alive with adjectives and opinions ... the prose enthuses and evokes". In 1968 Elizabeth David wrote that Acton's recipes were both illuminating and decisive. Examining a 100-word paragraph in "Modern Cookery" for instructions on beating egg whites for a sponge cake, David considers it superior to an eight-page piece on the same topic in the 1927 work "La bonne cuisine de Madame E. Saint-Ange".

paragraph: There is humour in Acton's work, particularly when reporting on a recipe going wrong. Her recipe for Publisher's Pudding, which contains cognac, macaroons, cream and almonds, "can scarcely be made "too rich"", while the Poor Author's Pudding is made with milk, bread, eggs and sugar, and is a more simple dish. Similarly, in her recipe for Superior Pine-Apple Marmalade, she writes that if the mixture is placed onto a direct heat it "will often convert what would otherwise be excellent preserve, into a strange sort of compound, for which it is difficult to find a name".

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: "Modern Cookery" remained in print until 1918, when its popularity waned in the face of competition from other books and Longmans took the decision not to republish. Acton's works remained out of print until 1968 when a selection of her recipes was collected into "The Best of Eliza Acton", edited by Elizabeth Ray and including an introduction by Elizabeth David. "Modern Cookery" was not reprinted in full until 1994, although "The English Bread Book" was reprinted in 1990.

paragraph: In 1857, when Isabella Beeton began writing the cookery column for "The Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine", many of the recipes were plagiarised from "Modern Cookery". In 1861 Isabella's husband, Samuel, published "Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management", which also contained several of Acton's recipes. Isabella Beeton's biographer Kathryn Hughes gives as examples one third of Beeton's soup dishes and a quarter of her fish recipes, which are all taken from Acton. In her works, Isabella Beeton partly followed the new layout of Acton's recipes, although with a major alteration: whereas "Modern Cookery" provides the method of cooking followed by a list of the required ingredients, the recipes in "The Englishwoman's Domestic Magazine" and "Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management" list the timings and components before the cooking process.

paragraph: The food historian Bee Wilson considers many modern cookery writers to be indebted to Acton and her work. Elizabeth David wrote in 1977 that "The English Bread Book" was a major influence on and source for her own "English Bread and Yeast Cookery", and that she owes Acton a debt for it; David also describes "Modern Cookery" as "the greatest cookery book in our language". The cook Delia Smith is of a similar opinion, and describes Acton as "the best cookery writer in the English language". The cookery writer Jane Grigson was influenced by Acton, particularly when she wrote "English Food" (1974), while the chef Rick Stein included her "Soles Stewed in Cream" in his cookery book "Seafood Lovers' Guide" (2000).

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Poems by Eliza Acton

description: English food writer and poet

enwikiquote_title: Eliza Acton

wikidata_label: Eliza Acton

wikipedia_title: Eliza Acton


text:
footballer
Schalke 04
centre-back
Arzúa
Province of A Coruña
Deportivo de La Coruña
the reserves
third
fourth divisions
Galicians
La Liga
Athletic Bilbao
second level
UD Las Palmas
the season
CD Leganés
his first year
a further season
Spanish top tier
Deportivo Alavés
FC Schalke 04
myocarditis
Bundesliga
substitute
VfL Wolfsburg
SD Huesca
season
UEFA European Under-19 Championship
2012
Deportivo official profile

categories: Spanish footballers,Spanish expatriate footballers,Segunda División players,Bundesliga players,CD Leganés players,FC Schalke 04 players,Expatriate footballers in Germany,SD Huesca footballers,Galician footballers,La Liga players,Spain youth international footballers,Deportivo de La Coruña B players,1993 births,Living people,Deportivo de La Coruña players,People from Arzúa (comarca),Association football defenders,Segunda División B players,Tercera División players

paragraph: Pablo Insua

paragraph: Pablo Insua Blanco (born 9 September 1993) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for the German club Schalke 04 as a centre-back.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Deportivo.

paragraph: Born in Arzúa, Province of A Coruña, Insua was a youth product of local Deportivo de La Coruña. He made his debuts as a senior with the reserves, representing them in both the third and fourth divisions.

paragraph: Insua made his official debut for the Galicians' first team on 25 November 2012, playing the last ten minutes of a 1–1 La Liga away draw against Athletic Bilbao. On 17 August of the following year, with the club again in the second level, he scored his first professional goal, the only in a win at UD Las Palmas.

paragraph: Insua renewed with "Depor" on 25 March 2014, signing until 2018. He was an ever-present figure during the season, appearing in 39 matches and scoring three goals as his team returned to the top level at the first attempt.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Leganés.

paragraph: On 15 August 2015, Insua was loaned to CD Leganés in the second level for one year. He scored once from 35 games in his first year, helping to a first-ever top flight promotion.

paragraph: On 15 July 2016, Insúa's loan was renewed for a further season. He scored his first goal in the Spanish top tier on 21 January 2017, netting the equaliser in a 2–2 away draw against Deportivo Alavés.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Schalke 04.

paragraph: On 29 June 2017, after contributing with 29 appearances as Leganés retained their newly acquired status, Insua signed with FC Schalke 04 on a four-year deal, for an undisclosed fee. In September, he suffered myocarditis which kept him out of play for months until he returned to training in January 2018. His Bundesliga debut occurred the following 17 March, when he came on as a 64th-minute substitute in the 1–0 away defeat of VfL Wolfsburg.

paragraph: On 20 July 2018, Insua joined SD Huesca on a season-long loan.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Spain U19

paragraph: BULLET::::- UEFA European Under-19 Championship: 2012

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Deportivo official profile

description: Spanish footballer

wikidata_label: Pablo Insua

wikipedia_title: Pablo Insua


text:
World War I
French Indochina
French Sudan
Brest, France
American Revolutionary War
Martinique
Franco-Prussian War
chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur
Ecole Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr
Tonkin
Francis Garnier
Hanoi Citadel
Hai Duong
Cochinchina
French Sudan
Mali
Tuareg
Ouagadougou
Samori Ture
Wassoulou Empire
Gabon
Timbuktu
Macina
Félix Dubois
Toukoto
Bamako
Kayes
World War I

categories: 1942 deaths,French generals,1851 births,People from Brest, France

paragraph: Edgard de Trentinian

paragraph: Louis Edgard de Trentinian (25 August 1851 – 24 May 1942) was a French soldier during the colonial era before World War I.

paragraph: He fought in French Indochina, and later was governor of the French Sudan.

paragraph: He commanded troops in the early part of World War I.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Louis Edgard de Trentinian was born in Brest, France on 25 August 1851,

paragraph: His family was hereditary nobility of Breton origin, with a military tradition. His father Louis-Arthur-Ernest (1822-1885), Count of Trentinian, was a brigadier-general.

paragraph: His grandfather was a commander in the American Revolutionary War.

paragraph: Louis Edgard de Trentinian was raised in Martinique.

paragraph: He fought in the Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871), and was made chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur at the age of nineteen for his valor in the field.

paragraph: He then attended the Ecole Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr, graduating in 1872.

paragraph: Section::::Indochina.

paragraph: On 9 October 1873, second lieutenant Trentinian was in charge of a detachment of marine infantry with two sergeants and twenty eight corporals and soldiers that was dispatched to Tonkin.

paragraph: He served under Francis Garnier, and participated in the successful attack on the Hanoi Citadel, which he entered at Garnier's side.

paragraph: Using steam-powered gunboats for transport, he was involved in various military actions as the French attempted to consolidate their control in Tonkin.

paragraph: These efforts were temporarily abandoned after the death of Garnier on 21 December 1873.

paragraph: On 3 January he was ordered to evacuate the town of Hai Duong, despite his protests against abandoning the French allies to the Vietnamese.

paragraph: He was acting lieutenant governor of Cochinchina from 4 March 1881 to 4 November 1881.

paragraph: He left Indochina in 1892.

paragraph: In 1893 he was appointed colonel.

paragraph: Section::::Africa.

paragraph: On 1 July 1895 Trentinian was made the military and administrative head of the French Sudan (modern Mali).

paragraph: During his term of office he had to deal with attacks by the Tuaregs from the north.

paragraph: The French occupied Ouagadougou and defeated Samori Ture, founder of the founder of the Wassoulou Empire.

paragraph: Samori was taken prisoner, and in September 1898 Trentinian announced that due to the clemency of the French government he would be deported to Gabon.

paragraph: The French forces went on to take Timbuktu and suppressed a revolt in Macina.

paragraph: Trentinian also oversaw establishment of regional structures, construction of a railway linking Sudan to Senegal, and development of agriculture and rural crafts.

paragraph: The reporter and traveler Félix Dubois obtained his support to establish a commercial trucking service in the colony.

paragraph: Trentinian agreed that the colony would improve the road between Toukoto and Bamako at its own expense.

paragraph: On 16 December 1898 the first truck was landed at Kayes in a ceremony attended by Trentinian.

paragraph: Section::::Later career.

paragraph: In 1898 Trentinian was made Brigadier and transferred to Madagascar.

paragraph: He left Africa in 1899.

paragraph: In World War I he helped repel the German advance on Paris, leading troops to the front in taxis.

paragraph: He was dismissed due to the number of his soldiers that died at Ethe.

paragraph: He died in Paris on 24 May 1942.

paragraph: The Place des Généraux-de-Trentinian in Paris' quartier de la Porte-Dauphine, was renamed 1994 in honor of father and son.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Citations

paragraph: Sources

description: French general

wikidata_label: Edgard de Trentinian

wikipedia_title: Edgard de Trentinian


text: AO

text: MBE

text: swimmer

text: Australian Institute of Sport

text: National Australia Day Council

text: Edmonton in 1978

text: Brisbane in 1982

text: Auckland in 1990

text: Sport Australia Hall of Fame

text: Medal of the Order of Australia

text: Australian Sports Medal

text: Centenary Medal

text: Officer of the Order of Australia

text: first season

text: Nine Network

text: The Celebrity Apprentice Australia

text: P&O Cruises Australia

text: Uncle Tobys

text: third season

text: Network Ten

text: I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!

text: Grant Kenny

text: Grant Kenny

text: ironman

text: surf lifesaver

text: heart surgery

text: defibrillator

text: irregular heartbeat

text: viral infection

text: Lisa Curry on Australian NOC-site

categories: Swimmers at the 1980 Summer Olympics,The Apprentice Australia contestants,Recipients of the Australian Sports Medal,1962 births,Swimmers at the 1990 Commonwealth Games,Commonwealth Games gold medallists for Australia,Sport Australia Hall of Fame inductees,Australian Institute of Sport swimmers,Officers of the Order of Australia,Swimmers at the 1982 Commonwealth Games,Commonwealth Games silver medallists for Australia,Olympic swimmers of Australia,Recipients of the Centenary Medal,Female freestyle swimmers,Swimmers at the 1992 Summer Olympics,Living people,Swimmers at the 1984 Summer Olympics,Commonwealth Games medallists in swimming,Sportswomen from Queensland,Australian female swimmers,Swimmers at the 1978 Commonwealth Games,Australian Members of the Order of the British Empire,Female butterfly swimmers,Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for Australia,Female medley swimmers

paragraph: Lisa Curry

paragraph: Lisa Gaye Curry AO MBE (born 15 May 1962), also known by her married name Lisa Curry-Kenny, is an Australian former competition swimmer.

paragraph: Curry won 15 gold, seven silver and eight bronze international swimming medals, and is the only Australian swimmer to have held Commonwealth and Australian records in every stroke except backstroke. She was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder.

paragraph: Curry was the chair of the National Australia Day Council from 2000 to 2008.

paragraph: Section::::Swimming career.

paragraph: Curry's swimming ability was noticed at a young age and by the age of 12 was one of the fastest swimmers of her age in the world. From 1977 to 1992, she represented Australia 16 times. She won 15 national long course open titles and competed in World Championships in 1978 and 1982. Curry had success in three Commonwealth Games - a silver medal in the 4×100-metre medley relay at Edmonton in 1978, three gold medals (100-metre butterfly, 200- and 400-metre individual medley) and a bronze (100-metre freestyle) at Brisbane in 1982, and four gold medals (100-metre butterfly, 50-metre freestyle, 4×100-metre freestyle relay, 4×100-metre medley relay) and one silver (100-metre freestyle) at Auckland in 1990. Curry also competed in the Olympic Games at Moscow (1980), Los Angeles (1984) and Barcelona (1992). After retiring from swimming, she competed in surf boat rowing competitions and outrigger canoe events, and her team won the World Championship Outrigger Canoe event in 1997.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: On 31 December 1982, Curry was named a Member of the Order of the British Empire "in recognition of service to the sport of swimming". She was inducted into the Sport Australia Hall of Fame in 1985. At the 1994 Australian Day Honours, Curry was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia "in recognition of service to the sport of swimming". On 14 July 2000, Curry was awarded the Australian Sports Medal for "her significant contribution as a competitor in swimming". On 1 January 2001, Curry was awarded the Centenary Medal for "service to Australian society through swimming and the National Australia Day Council". At the 2008 Australian Day Honours, Curry was named as a Officer of the Order of Australia "for service to the community through encouraging national pride and identity, particularly through leadership of the National Australia Day Council." In 2009 Curry was inducted into the Queensland Sport Hall of Fame.

paragraph: Section::::Television.

paragraph: In 2011, Curry appeared as a celebrity contestant on the first season of Nine Network's Australian reality series "The Celebrity Apprentice Australia". Curry was fired in the 6th task.

paragraph: She appeared in advertising campaigns for cruise liner P&O Cruises Australia and Uncle Tobys.

paragraph: In January 2017, Curry was revealed as a celebrity contestant on the third season of Network Ten's Australian reality series I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!. On 8 March 2017, Curry was the 9th celebrity eliminated from the series after 41 days in the jungle coming in 6th place.

paragraph: Section::::Business interests.

paragraph: Curry and former husband Grant Kenny co-own the Curry Kenny Aviation Group, which in 2009 owned approximately 60 aircraft.

paragraph: Curry has a partnership with Naturopath Jeff Butterworth in the company Happy Healthy YOU, featuring the products Happy Hormones, Happy Greens and Happy Turmeric. Happy Healthy You was launched in Australia in 2015 and has grown into resource for women dealing with hormonal conditions with over 65,000 women following Lisa's advice and taking the health supplements.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Curry was married to Grant Kenny, former ironman surf lifesaver and olympic bronze medallist, in 1986. They have three children. Curry and Kenny separated in May 2009. In 2008 Curry had a heart surgery operation to implant a defibrillator after being found to have an irregular heartbeat as a consequence of a viral infection.

paragraph: In October 2016, Curry announced her engagement to entertainer Mark Andrew Tabone.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Commonwealth Games medallists in swimming (women)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lisa Curry on Australian NOC-site

alias:
Lisa Gaye Curry
Lisa Curry-Kenny

description: Australian swimmer, Olympic athlete, Commonwealth Games gold medallist

wikidata_label: Lisa Curry

wikipedia_title: Lisa Curry


text:
London
Épinay-sur-Orge
French
road bicycle racer
Tour de France
Paris–Roubaix
Paris–Tours
René Pottier
Cyrille Van Hauwaert
Paris–Roubaix
1908 Tour de France
Ballon d'Alsace
Chartreuse

categories: French Tour de France stage winners,1885 births,French male cyclists,Sportspeople from London,1928 deaths

paragraph: Georges Passerieu

paragraph: George Leon Passerieu (London, 18 November 1885–Épinay-sur-Orge, 5 May 1928) was a British-born French professional road bicycle racer, who won seven stages in the Tour de France, and reached the podium twice. He also was the winner of Paris–Roubaix and Paris–Tours.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Passerieu first rode the Tour in 1906, after he had just become a professional cyclist. He was strong in the mountains, finishing second to René Pottier in the third stage. Pottier was dominant in that Tour, but Passerieu was the best of the rest. Passerieu won the first stage, beating Pottier in Marseille after they had climbed the mountains together. Later he also won the twelfth stage, and finished second in the general classification.

paragraph: In 1907, Passerieu was riding for the Peugeot team, which saw potential in Belgian cyclist Cyrille Van Hauwaert. Van Hauwaert refused requests from Peugeot to ride as helper for Passerieu, but instead signed for the La Française team. In the 1907 edition of Paris–Roubaix, Passerieu finished first, followed by Van Hauwaert.

paragraph: Passerieu rode the 1908 Tour de France. He was the only cyclist to climb the Ballon d'Alsace and the Chartreuse without dismounting his bicycle.

paragraph: Section::::Major results.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1906

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1907

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1908

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1909

description: Road bicycle racer

wikidata_label: Georges Passerieu

wikipedia_title: Georges Passerieu


text:
Biosphere 2
Sid W. Richardson Foundation
Forbes 400
Fort Worth
Texas
née
Lee Marshall Bass
Sid Richardson Bass
Robert Muse Bass
bachelor
Sid W. Richardson
left
Phillips Academy
Yale
bachelor's degree
United States Coast Guard
master's degree
New Mexico
Synergia Ranch
John P. Allen
condominium
Santa Fe
ecology
Nepal
Australian
Puerto Rican
rainforest
Caravan of Dreams
Biosphere 2
Santa Catalina Mountains
Oracle
Arizona
Tucson
Mars
Steve Bannon
Columbia University
University of Arizona
environmental conservation
rhinos
tiger
the World Wildlife Fund (WWF)
New York Botanical Garden
Jane Goodall Institute
Botanical Research Institute of Texas
Philecology Trust
Sundance Square
Bass Performance Hall
Yale Corporation

categories: American businesspeople in the oil industry,Phillips Academy alumni,Yale University alumni,1945 births,Philanthropists from Texas,American billionaires,Living people,People from Fort Worth, Texas

paragraph: Ed Bass

paragraph: Edward Perry "Ed" Bass (born ) is an American businessman, financier, philanthropist, and environmentalist who lives in Fort Worth, Texas. He financed the Biosphere 2 project, an artificial closed ecological system, which was built between 1987 and 1991. He is the chairman of Fine Line, an investment and venture-capital management firm in Fort Worth, and Chairman of the board of directors of the Sid W. Richardson Foundation, a philanthropic organization. He was listed as #239 on the Forbes 400 list of wealthiest Americans in 2012, with an estimated net worth of $2 billion.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Bass was born in Fort Worth, Texas to Perry R. (1914–2006) and Nancy Lee (née Muse) Bass (1917-2013), the second-oldest of four sons; his brothers are Lee Marshall Bass, Sid Richardson Bass, and Robert Muse Bass. His father, Perry, was an adviser and later partner of his own bachelor uncle, Sid W. Richardson (1891–1959), starting in the 1930s. When Richardson died, he left each of the Bass brothers $2.8 million, and Perry managed the bulk of the family oil fortune, which was initially beset by legal problems.

paragraph: Ed Bass attended Phillips Academy, and graduated from Yale in 1967 with a bachelor's degree in administrative science. He served for a short time in the United States Coast Guard and returned to Yale, studying for a master's degree in architecture, which he did not complete. All four brothers attended Yale, from which their father had also graduated in 1937.

paragraph: Section::::Early projects.

paragraph: After leaving Yale, Bass "set out to explore the world". He moved to New Mexico and spent some time with "an unusual counterculture group at Synergia Ranch", run by John P. Allen. While in New Mexico, Bass built the Llano Compound, a condominium in Santa Fe and began an association with Allen that focused on ecology projects. He later spent money on a hotel in Nepal, a Australian ranch, a Puerto Rican rainforest, and the now-defunct Caravan of Dreams performing arts center in Fort Worth.

paragraph: Section::::Biosphere 2.

paragraph: In 1984, Bass and Allen founded the Biosphere 2 project, which Bass funded with an initial commitment of $30 million. The project was part of a ranch in the Santa Catalina Mountains in Oracle, Arizona, near Tucson. The purpose of its 3 acre living space was to be an experiment in "recreating the earth" and as a possible way to settle Mars. The project began with eight people living inside in an attempt to be a self-contained settlement, raising food and recycling air and water. After the environment was sealed in 1991, noxious gases built up, and while some of the 4,000 species thrived, the water and crops failed in 1994.

paragraph: In April 1994 Bass obtained a court order to "formally oust the key managers of the Biosphere and seize the premises," and he dissolved Space Biospheres Ventures, a partnership, which the Los Angeles Times called a "volatile blend of New Age idealism and corporate sophistication." The Biosphere project had in 1992 installed an independent Science Advisory Committee (SAC), chaired by Thomas E. Lovejoy, a senior official at the Smithsonian Institution, and the members came to be at odds with Bass "on questions of scientific standards," and the science committee was dissolved in February 1993. Bass attempted to make Steve Bannon the interim chief executive officer. The existing management, however, refused Bannon admittance to the property, according to an affidavit Bass later submitted to a Fort Worth court, where he filed his dissolution suit.

paragraph: In 1995, it was turned into a research facility overseen by Columbia University, which declined to provide funding for continued research after June 2003. In 2007, Bass sold some of the land adjacent to the project, and the building was leased to the University of Arizona. The total cost of the privately funded Biosphere project has been variously reported as $150 million to $200 million. The University of Arizona announced a full acquisition of the Biosphere buildings and grounds in June 2011.

paragraph: Section::::Conservation efforts.

paragraph: Bass has funded numerous projects focused on environmental conservation, and has stated that he feels conservation "most effective when approached as an enterprise". His investment in Nepal also included conservation efforts for rhinos and tigers. He has supported and worked with the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), the New York Botanical Garden, the Jane Goodall Institute, and the National Environmental Education and Training Foundation. He is currently the vice chairman of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas and is the founder of the ecological nonprofit Philecology Trust, which he created in 1986.

paragraph: Section::::Urban redevelopment.

paragraph: Bass is a long-time supporter of downtown redevelopment, and has been described as a "leader in what is recognized as one of the most successful urban revitalization efforts in America". He and his family began the Sundance Square development in 1982. It combines commercial and residential space in the central business area of Fort Worth, and it received the Fort Worth Chamber of Commerce's Spirit of Enterprise award in 2004. He led the development of Bass Performance Hall, financed without public funding, which opened in 1998.

paragraph: Section::::Philanthropy.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002: Established the Edward P. Bass Distinguished Visiting Environmental Scholars Program at Yale

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006: $60 million donation to Yale (He and his family have donated more than $200 million to Yale.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007: $12 million to WWF

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017: $10 million to Yale University toward a state-of-the-art, 500-seat lecture hall to be named the O.C. Marsh Lecture Hall in honor of Othniel Charles (O.C.) Marsh, a pioneering professor of vertebrate paleontology at Yale

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017: $30 million to the University of Arizona to support Biosphere 2

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018: $160 million to renovate the Peabody Museum of Natural History at Yale University

paragraph: Section::::Current activities.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Named as a Successor Fellow of the Yale Corporation, the governing body of Yale, in 2001.

alias:
Edward Perry "Ed" Bass
Edward P. Bass

wikidata_label: Ed Bass

wikipedia_title: Ed Bass


text:
Prussia
Charlottenburg
Schwarzlose MG M.07/12
Schwarzlose Model 1898
Schwarzlose Model 1908

paragraph: Andreas Wilhelm Schwarzlose

paragraph: Andreas Wilhelm Schwarzlose (31 July 1867–1936) was a German (originally Prussian) firearm designer who is best known for designing a blowback-operated machine gun.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Schwarzlose was born in the Berlin suburb of Charlottenburg, and served as an artilleryman and armorer in the Austro-Hungarian army. He graduated from the National Ordnance College and designed his first pistol in 1892, although it never saw production. In 1897, he opened an arms factory in Berlin which he operated until 1919 when it was shut down by the Allied Disarmament Commission.

paragraph: After the closing of his factory he worked as a firearms consultant until his death in 1936.

paragraph: Section::::Designs.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Schwarzlose MG M.07/12 machine gun (for Austria-Hungary)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Schwarzlose Model 1898 semi-automatic pistol

paragraph: BULLET::::- Schwarzlose Model 1908 semi-automatic pistol

description: Prussian firearms designer

wikidata_label: Andreas Wilhelm Schwarzlose

wikipedia_title: Andreas Wilhelm Schwarzlose


text:
Gascon
Armagnac family
Hundred Years War
Burgundians
Armagnac-Burgundian Civil War
Charles II d'Albret
Jeanne III of Navarre
Henry IV
Bourbon
Jean de Lescun
Rodez
Bernard VII of Armagnac
Count of Charolais
Count of Armagnac
Bonne de Berry
Amadeus VII of Savoy
John IV of Armagnac
Bonne of Armagnac
Charles, Duke of Orléans
Amadeus VIII of Savoy
John, Duke of Berry
Orléans
John the Fearless
Constable of France
Dauphin Charles
Jeanne III of Navarre
Charles d'Albret
Battle of Agincourt
Charles VII of France
Joan of Arc
Siege of Orléans
Berry
Jean I d'Albret
Alain I of Albret
Cesare Borgia
La Tour d'Auvergne
Count of Auvergne
Boulogne
Marie of Albret, Countess of Rethel
Charles de Nevers
Arthur III, Duke of Brittany
Jean de Lescun
Bishop of Aire
Marshal of France
Count of Comminges
King Louis XI

categories: Armagnac faction,15th-century French women,1473 deaths,1402 births,Medieval French nobility,15th-century French people,French countesses

paragraph: Anne of Armagnac

paragraph: Anne of Armagnac, Dame d'Albret, Countess of Dreux (1402 – before March 1473) was a French noblewoman and a member of the powerful Gascon Armagnac family which played a prominent role in French politics during the Hundred Years War and were the principal adversaries of the Burgundians throughout the Armagnac-Burgundian Civil War. Anne was the wife of Charles II d'Albret. One of her illustrious descendants was Queen Jeanne III of Navarre, mother of King Henry IV, the first Bourbon king of France.

paragraph: Her illegitimate son was Jean de Lescun, known as the "bastard of Armagnac".

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Anne was born in 1402 in Gages, near Rodez, France, the daughter of Bernard VII of Armagnac, Count of Charolais, Count of Armagnac, and Bonne de Berry, who was the widow of Amadeus VII of Savoy. Anne had six siblings, these included John IV of Armagnac, Bernard of Armagnac, and Bonne of Armagnac, wife of Charles, Duke of Orléans. She had three half-siblings from her mother's marriage to Count Amadeus, including Amadeus VIII of Savoy.

paragraph: Her paternal gandparents were John II of Armagnac and Jeanne de Périgord, and her maternal grandparents were John, Duke of Berry and Jeanne of Armagnac.

paragraph: Anne's father was head of the powerful, pro-French, pro-Orléans Armagnac party which played a prominent role in French politics in the early 15th century, and whose bitter opponents during the Armagnac-Burgundian Civil War were the pro-English Burgundians, headed by John the Fearless. On 30 December 1415, her father was appointed Constable of France. He controlled the government of the Dauphin Charles (the future King Charles VII of France). On 12 June 1418, he was assassinated in Paris by the Burgundians.

paragraph: Anne died on an unknown date sometime before March 1473. Her husband Charles died in 1471. The lordship of Albret passed to Alain, the grandson of Charles and Anne; the county of Dreux went to Arnaud Amanieu, but was later seized by Alain. Through Alain, who married Françoise of Châtillon-Limoges (died 1481), Anne was an ancestress of Queen Jeanne III of Navarre, mother of Henry IV.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and issue.

paragraph: On 28 October 1417, a marriage contract was drawn up and signed, and less than six months later, on 23 April 1418, Anne married Charles II d'Albret, Sire d'Albret and titular Count of Dreux (1401–1471). He was the eldest son of Charles d'Albret, Constable of France who had been killed at the Battle of Agincourt on 25 October 1415, as co-commander of the French Army. At the time of his marriage, Charles was only the titular Count of Dreux as the lands were in English hands. He would be confirmed as count in 1441 by King Charles VII of France. He served on the royal council of the Dauphin Charles. He participated in the military campaigns of Joan of Arc, including the Siege of Orléans, and was appointed lieutenant of the province of Berry.

paragraph: Charles and Anne together had seven children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean I d'Albret, Sire d'Albet, Viscount of Talvas (died 3 January 1468), married Charlotte de Rohan in 1447, by whom he had four children, including Alain I of Albret, father-in-law of Cesare Borgia.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arnaud Amanieu d'Albret, Sire d'Orval (died 1463), married 25 November 1457, as her second husband, Isabelle de La Tour d'Auvergne (died 8 September 1488), daughter of Bertrand V de La Tour, Count of Auvergne and Boulogne and Jacquette du Peschin, by whom he had three children, including Jean d'Albret, Sire of Orval, father of Marie of Albret, Countess of Rethel.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Charles d'Albret, Seigneur de Sainte-Bazielle (beheaded 7 April 1473), married Marie d'Astarac

paragraph: BULLET::::- Louis d'Albret (1422- 4 September 1465), Cardinal, Bishop of Cahors

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gilles d'Albret, Seigneur Castelmoron (died 8 August 1479), married Anne d'Aguillon, by whom he had issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marie d'Albret (died after 4 January 1485), on 11 June 1456 married Charles de Nevers, Count of Nevers and Count of Rethel. The marriage was childless.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jeanne d'Albret, Countess of Dreux (died 20 September 1444), in 1442 married, as his second wife, Arthur III, Duke of Brittany. The marriage was childless.

paragraph: Section::::Illegitimate son.

paragraph: On an unknown date she gave birth to an illegitimate son, Jean de Lescun. The baby's father was Arnaud-Gillaume de Lescun, Bishop of Aire. The boy grew up to become a celebrated soldier and Marshal of France. Legitimised in 1463, he was granted the title of Count of Comminges by King Louis XI. Jean was a staunch ally and personal favourite of the king before and after his ascension to the throne.

paragraph: Section::::Later years and death.

paragraph: In 1470, Anne is recorded as having owned "une pierre pour toucher les yeux, enchassié en or" (a stone for touching the eyes, set in gold). It is not known how or where she acquired this "magical stone" which allegedly had healing powers.

paragraph: She died sometime before March 1473.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Charles Cawley, "Medieval Lands", Gascony, Dukes and Nobility

wikidata_label: Anne of Armagnac

wikipedia_title: Anne of Armagnac


text:
Clausthal-Zellerfeld
Leipzig
Breitkopf & Härtel
Jena
Halle, Saxony-Anhalt
Hebrew Bible
Johann Gottlob Immanuel Breitkopf

categories: 1777 deaths,German music publishers (people),1695 births

paragraph: Bernhard Christoph Breitkopf

paragraph: Bernhard Christoph Breitkopf (2 March 1695 in Clausthal, now Clausthal-Zellerfeld – 26 March 1777 in Leipzig) was a German printer and publisher, and founder of the publisher that became Breitkopf & Härtel.

paragraph: In 1714 he moved to Leipzig and worked for one year in a print shop. After working for several months in Jena, and three years in Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, he returned to Leipzig in 1718, married Sophia Maria Müller and inherited an existing print shop, established in 1664, which he rescued from the brink of economic ruin. He began publishing with the 1723 printing of a manual of the Hebrew Bible. After the death of his wife, Breitkopf remarried in 1739 to Sophia Theodore Kayser. He passed on the printing business to his son Johann Gottlob Immanuel Breitkopf in 1745. He maintained the publishing side of the business until his death, however his son became a partner in 1762.

description: German music publisher

wikidata_label: Bernhard Christoph Breitkopf

wikipedia_title: Bernhard Christoph Breitkopf


text:
Aix-en-Provence
Marseille
Provence
Jean-Antoine Constantin
François Marius Granet
Thomas Couture
Église Saint-Jean-de-Malte
Salon
Eugène Delacroix
Camille Corot
Prosper Marilhat
Near East
Orientalist
Alphonse Moutte
More works by Loubon

categories: French male painters,1809 births,19th-century French painters,French genre painters

paragraph: Émile Loubon

paragraph: Émile Charles Joseph Loubon (12 January 1809, Aix-en-Provence - 3 May 1863, Marseille) was a French painter, known for his panoramic landscapes of Provence, featuring figures and animals.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was the son of Noël Augustin François Loubon (1777-?) a wealthy merchant. He originally studied drawing with Jean-Antoine Constantin, François Marius Granet and Louis Mathurin Clérian (1768-1851). The latter, who also served as Director of the , appears to have had the most influence on his style.

paragraph: In 1829, Granet invited him to come along on a study trip to Rome, where he became acquainted with architecture in addition to painting. It was there he began doing landscapes and remained for two years. He returned to France in 1831 and went to Paris, where he associated with other young artists; notably Thomas Couture, with whom he collaborated on a work that he was preparing for the Église Saint-Jean-de-Malte. In 1833, he was awarded a medal at the Salon.

paragraph: The sudden financial ruin of his father forced a quick return to Aix in 1845. His uncle, who was an assistant at the , managed to get him a position in the drawing school. He soon attracted attention for his efforts to find new, more realistic ways to teach drawing. During that time, he also created the first salon for "friends of the arts" in Marseille. It drew such participants as Eugène Delacroix, Camille Corot and Prosper Marilhat. After 1848, it was suspended due to unfavorable political events. The following year, he spent some time in the Near East and produced some Orientalist paintings.

paragraph: In 1853, he held his second exhibition at the Salon, which was favorably reviewed. It was at this time that he began to express his dislike for the color blue. In his later years, blue became gray or brown in most of his works.

paragraph: It is generally believed that he suffered from serious marital problems. His wife had been a model and was apparently very spoiled and petulant. He also expressed some bitterness for the art world in general, saying that he had been exploited and his works misused.

paragraph: He was in poor health for many years and succumbed to intestinal cancer in 1863. Among his notable students may be mentioned , and Alphonse Moutte.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paule Guiral, "Un maître du paysage provençale : Émile Loubon", in "Revue Marseille" #70, Jan.-Feb. 1968

paragraph: BULLET::::- Régis Bertrand, "Le tombeau d'Émile Loubon", in "Revue Marseille" #136, 1984

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- More works by Loubon @ ArtNet

alias:
Joseph, Emile, Charles Loubon
Charles Joseph Emile Loubon
Émile Charles Joseph Loubon
Emile Joseph Loubon
Emile Charles Joseph Loubon
Émile Loubon

description: French and Provencal painter

wikidata_label: Emile Loubon

wikipedia_title: Émile Loubon


text:
Canadian
ice hockey
Nottingham Panthers
Calgary
Calgary Hitmen
Western Hockey League
ECHL
Columbus Cottonmouths
American Hockey League
Hamilton Bulldogs
Toronto Roadrunners
Edmonton Roadrunners
Long Beach Ice Dogs
penalty box
Milwaukee Admirals
Nottingham Panthers
EIHL
captain
France
Epinal
Challenge Cup
Sheffield Steelers

categories: Columbus Cottonmouths (ECHL) players,1980 births,Hamilton Bulldogs (AHL) players,Milwaukee Admirals players,Ice hockey people from Alberta,People from the Municipal District of Foothills No. 31,Nottingham Panthers players,Calgary Hitmen players,Long Beach Ice Dogs (ECHL) players,Living people

paragraph: Sean McAslan

paragraph: Sean McAslan (born January 12, 1980) is a Canadian ice hockey player currently playing for Nottingham Panthers in the UK.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Early career.

paragraph: McAslan started his career in Calgary playing for Calgary Hitmen in Western Hockey League (WHL) for five seasons between 1996 and 2001. In 2001 he moved to the ECHL playing for Columbus Cottonmouths whilst having a brief stint in the American Hockey League (AHL) playing for Hamilton Bulldogs.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:AHL and ECHL career.

paragraph: During the 2003–04 and 2004–05 McAslan played in the AHL for Toronto Roadrunners and Edmonton Roadrunners. He then moved to Long Beach Ice Dogs of the ECHL, scoring 28 goals and 28 assists making 56 points in total, whilst spending 106 minutes in the penalty box. He also had another brief stint in the AHL with Milwaukee Admirals playing two regular season games and 14 playoff games.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:EIHL career.

paragraph: In 2006 McAslan signed for the Nottingham Panthers of the EIHL, scoring 44 goals and 22 assists. He also made the EIHL second All Star team. Season 2007–08 was also spent with the Nottingham Panthers and he was made captain by coach Mike Ellis during a pre-season tour of France, winning the Epinal Tournament. Later in the season he lifted the Elite League's Challenge Cup beating their arch rivals, the Sheffield Steelers, 9–7 over two legs. He left the Panthers at the end of the 2007/08 season to join Rodovre in the Danish League. In May 2009 it was announced that McAslan would return to the Nottingham Panthers to join their 09/10 championship campaign declaring that he had 'unfinished business' with British Ice Hockey's best supported outfit.

description: Canadian ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Sean McAslan

wikipedia_title: Sean McAslan


text:
Catholic
archbishop of Rouen
Pope Pius XII
College of Cardinals
seminary
Paris
ordination
Canon
Neuilly
World War I
military chaplain
bishop of Dijon
Cardinal
Rouen
Pope Pius XII

categories: University of Paris alumni,French cardinals,1947 deaths,Cardinals created by Pope Pius XII,Bishops of Dijon,1876 births,Archbishops of Rouen,French military chaplains

paragraph: Pierre Petit de Julleville

paragraph: Pierre Petit de Julleville, was a French Catholic priest, who became archbishop of Rouen. On 18 February 1946 Pope Pius XII elevated him into the College of Cardinals.

paragraph: The baptismal name of Pierre Petit de Julleville was Pierre-André-Charles. He attended the seminary of Saint-Sulpice, and, the University of Sorbonne, both in Paris. Pierre Petit de Julleville was ordained on 4 July 1903 in Paris. After ordination he continued the following two years additional theological studies. In 1905 he was named faculty member of the Grand Seminary of Issy Paris, where he taught from 1905—1910. He was Canon of the cathedral chapter and superior of the School of Sainte-Croix-de-Neuilly, Neuilly, from 1910-1914, and, after the war from 1918-1927. During World War I, in all the war years 1914-1918, Pierre Petit de Julleville was military chaplain.

paragraph: Pierre Petit de Julleville was elected bishop of Dijon on 23 June 1927. He was consecrated on 29 September 1927, in the metropolitan cathedral of Paris, by Cardinal Louis-Ernest Dubois, archbishop of Paris. He was promoted to the metropolitan see of Rouen on 7 August 1936, where he acted as Apostolic administrator of the see of Dijon from 18 September 1936 to 15 May 1937.

paragraph: Pope Pius XII created him cardinal priest on 18 February 1946. Pierre Petit de Julleville received the title of S. Maria in Aquiro on 22 February 1946. He died less than 2 years later, on 10 December 1947 in Rouen, and is buried in the metropolitan cathedral of Rouen.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brain, Roger. Le Cardinal Petit de Julleville. Paris: Centre de documentation sacerdotale, 1948;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chapeau, O.S.B. André and Fernand Combaluzier, C.M. Épiscopologe français des temps modernes, 1592-1973. Paris : Letouzey et Ané, 1974, p. 443-444;

paragraph: BULLET::::- De la Serre, René. Le Cardinal Petit de Julleville. Paris: Librairie Plon, 1955.

alias: Pierre-André-Charles Cardinal Petit de Julleville

description: Catholic cardinal

wikidata_label: Pierre Petit de Julleville

wikipedia_title: Pierre Petit de Julleville


text:
bishop of Eichstätt
blessed
feast day
"Ökumenisches Heiligenlexikon" page
"Heiligenlexikon-1858" page

categories: 1019 births,1075 deaths,Roman Catholic bishops of Eichstätt

paragraph: Gundekar II of Eichstätt

paragraph: Gundekar (1019–1075), (also Gundechar, Gundakar, Gunzo) was bishop of Eichstätt from 1057 to 1075. He is known for his historical work "Vitae Pontificum Eystettensium" on his predecessors.

paragraph: He is a Catholic blessed and his feast day is August 2.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ökumenisches Heiligenlexikon" page

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Heiligenlexikon-1858" page

description: Bishop of Eichstatt

wikidata_label: Gundekar II of Eichstätt

wikipedia_title: Gundekar II of Eichstätt


text:
Augusta, Georgia
pitcher
Major League Baseball
Montreal Royals
International League

categories: Montreal Royals managers,Augusta Tigers players,Minor league baseball managers,Brooklyn Dodgers players,Minneapolis Millers (baseball) players,1904 births,Augusta Tygers players,Philadelphia Phillies players,Lakeland Highlanders players,Montreal Royals players,New York Yankees players,Charlotte Hornets (baseball) players,Baseball players from Georgia (U.S. state),Knoxville Smokies players,Macon Peaches players,1980 deaths,Asheville Tourists players,Winston-Salem Twins players,Baltimore Orioles (IL) players,Major League Baseball pitchers,Sportspeople from Augusta, Georgia

paragraph: Harry Smythe

paragraph: William Henry Smythe (October 24, 1904 in Augusta, Georgia – August 28, 1980) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball. He pitched from 1929 to 1934.

paragraph: He later managed the Montreal Royals in the International League for part of the 1936 season.

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Harry Smythe

wikipedia_title: Harry Smythe


text:
Graz
Austria
Bad Gams
conductor
Austro-Hungarian Military
composer
Die Bosniaken Kommen
"Die Bosniaken kommen"

categories: 1863 births,1936 deaths,Austrian male composers

paragraph: Eduard Wagnes

paragraph: Eduard Wagnes (18 March 1863 in Graz, Austria – 27 March 1936 in Bad Gams, Austria) was a conductor in the Austro-Hungarian Military, and composer of military marches. His most famous composition was "Die Bosniaken Kommen", composed in 1895.

paragraph: Section::::Other compositions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Die Bosniaken kommen" - 1895

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Flitsch Marsch" - 1928

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Felsenfest für's Vaterland" - 1932

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Helden von Meletta" - 1932

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ausseer Buam"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Durch dick und dünn"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Für Freiheit und Ehr"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hand in Hand"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Heldenhaft Marsch"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mit eisener Kraft"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ritterlich"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zum Schutz und Trutz"

paragraph: Section::::Other compositions.:Dramatic music.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1910 "Alt-Wien", operette - libretto: Ferdinand Maierfeld-Enter

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1911 "Die Klosterprinzessin", operette - libretto: Hans Pflanzer

description: Austro-Hungarian composer

wikidata_label: Eduard Wagnes

wikipedia_title: Eduard Wagnes


text:
Akkon
Teutonic Knights
grand master
military order
Outremer
Third Crusade
Frederick Barbarossa
Adolf III of Holstein
Guy of Lusignan
siege of Akkon
Bremen
Lübeck
fall of Acre
Assassin's Creed
atheist

categories: 1190s deaths,12th-century births,Christians of the Crusades,Members of the Teutonic Order

paragraph: Master Sibrand

paragraph: Master Sibrand ("Meister Sibrand", "Magister Sibrandus") was the founder of the hospital in Akkon, which was to become the nucleus of the Teutonic Knights. For this reason, he is sometimes considered the "first grand master" of that order, even if it was only given recognition in 1192, and transformed into a military order in 1198.

paragraph: Sibrand had travelled to Outremer in 1188, in the Third Crusade of Frederick Barbarossa, as a follower of Adolf III of Holstein.

paragraph: Sibrand is mentioned as the founder of that hospital in a document by king Guy of Lusignan dated to September 1190.

paragraph: The field hospital was operated for German troops during the siege of Akkon. Such a hospital had been set up and operated by merchants of Bremen and Lübeck, near the cemetery of St. Nicholas, using a sail for shelter. After the conquest of Akkon, Guy gave to Sibrand a house in the city, the Armenian hospital, where the German hospital found more permanent quarters.

paragraph: After the fall of Acre in July 1191, the hospital was moved into the city and it evolves into the permanent base of the Teutonic Kings. With the help of donations made by the faithful, was purchased a garden for hospital in front of the gate of St Nicolas.

paragraph: Section::::In fiction.

paragraph: Sibrand is one of the assassination targets in the original "Assassin's Creed" video game, where he is depicted as excessively paranoid (due to the player's recent success). He traffics in the port of Acre and he use the ships he acquired to block the Templars force. He is also depicted as an atheist, one of the main reasons for his paranoia.

description: Teutonic Knight

wikidata_label: Master Sibrand

wikipedia_title: Master Sibrand


text: Art Students League

text: Alexander Stirling Calder

text: Leo Lentelli

text: Kenneth Hayes Miller

text: Boardman Robinson

text: Arnold Blanch

text: Lucile Blanch

text: Raphael Soyer

text: William Zorach

text: Concetta Scaravaglione

text: Emil Ganso

text: Whitney Museum of American Art

text: Harry Gottlieb

text: Woodstock, New York

text: John Flanagan

text: Federal Art Project

text: Max Spivak

text: wheat paste

text: papier-mâché

text: California School of Fine Arts

text: Yaddo

text: Audrey McMahon

text: Whitney Museum of American Art

text: Metropolitan Museum of Art

text: Smithsonian American Art Museum

text: Syracuse University

text: Paintings by Eugenie Gershoy

text: Eugenie Gershoy

categories: 1901 births,20th-century American painters,Ukrainian emigrants to the United States,American women painters,20th-century American sculptors,Federal Art Project artists,1986 deaths,American muralists,Art Students League of New York alumni,Artists from the San Francisco Bay Area,Women muralists,Sculptors Guild members,American women sculptors,Sculptors from California,20th-century American women artists,People from Kryvyi Rih,Imperial Russian emigrants to the United States

paragraph: Eugenie Gershoy

paragraph: Eugenie Gershoy (January 1, 1901 – May 8, 1986) was an American sculptor and watercolorist.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Gershoy emigrated to New York City with her family in 1903.

paragraph: Aided by scholarships, she studied at the Art Students League under Alexander Stirling Calder, Leo Lentelli, Kenneth Hayes Miller, and Boardman Robinson. Around this time, she created a group of portrait figurines of her fellow artists, including Arnold Blanch, Lucile Blanch, Raphael Soyer, William Zorach, Concetta Scaravaglione, and Emil Ganso, which were exhibited as a group at the Whitney Museum of American Art. At age 17, she was awarded the Saint-Gaudens Medal for fine draughtsmanship.

paragraph: Gershoy married Romanian-born artist Harry Gottlieb. In the late 1920s and early 1930s, the pair kept a studio in Woodstock, New York. There, Gershoy was influenced by sculptor John Flanagan, who lived and worked nearby.

paragraph: From 1936 to 1939, Gershoy worked for the WPA Federal Art Project. She collaborated with Max Spivak on murals for the children's recreation room of the Queens Borough Public Library in Astoria, New York.

paragraph: She developed a mixture of wheat paste, plaster, and egg tempera, which she used in polychrome papier-mâché sculptures; she was the only New York sculptor to work in polychrome at this time. She also designed cement and mosaic sculptures of animals and figures to be placed in New York City playgrounds. Alongside others employed by the FAP, she participated in a sit-down strike in Washington, DC, to advocate for better pay and improved working conditions for the projects' artists.

paragraph: Gershoy's first solo exhibition was held at the Robinson Gallery in New York in 1940. She moved to San Francisco in 1942, and began teaching ceramics at the California School of Fine Arts in 1946. In 1950, she studied at the artists' colony at Yaddo.

paragraph: Gershoy traveled extensively throughout her life. She visited England and France in the early 1930s, and worked in Paris in 1951. She traveled to Mexico and Guatemala in the late 1940s, and also toured Africa, India, and the Orient in 1955.

paragraph: In 1977, Gershoy dedicated a sculpture to Audrey McMahon, who was actively involved in the creation of the Federal Art Project and served as its regional director in New York, in recognition of the work McMahon provided struggling artists in the 1930s.

paragraph: Gershoy's work is in the collections of the Whitney Museum of American Art, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Smithsonian American Art Museum.

paragraph: Her papers are held at Syracuse University.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oral history interview with Eugenie Gershoy, 1964 Oct. 15

paragraph: BULLET::::- photo Eugenie Gershoy: Arnold Blanch,1934

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paintings by Eugenie Gershoy, at Artfact

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eugenie Gershoy, "To Work as a Sculptor" blog

description: Watercolorist and sculptor

wikidata_label: Eugenie Gershoy

wikipedia_title: Eugenie Gershoy


text:
Osmar Schindler
Sebnitz
German Association of Artists
Third Reich
University of Leipzig
Dresden University of Technology
Sebnitz
Nazi Party
Sassnitz
Stettin
German
Poland
Bischofswerda
List of German painters

paragraph: Hanns Georgi

paragraph: Hanns Georgi (21 September 1901 – 23 October 1989) was a German painter, printmaker and book illustrator.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Hanns Georgi was the youngest of five children of August Friedrich Wilhelm and Anna Georgi Georgi, Scharschmidt born in Dresden. In 1907 he attended the town school where he illustrated his early essays with pictures. His artistic talent was already recognized and encouraged by his teachers.

paragraph: Later he attended the Fletscherschen Teacher Seminar (teacher-training seminary), in Dresden-Neustadt, between 1915 and 1922. During his training he met his mentor, the painter Osmar Schindler, who had him working in his studio, recommending that Georgi study art.

paragraph: In 1921, while a teacher and artist, Georgi met his future wife, Elfriede Angels. He married her in 1929. He later had three children with her: Dieter (1932), Henry (1938) and Ulrich (1942).

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: By 1923, Georgi had his first major exhibition in Sebnitz, where he showed paintings, watercolors, drawings and etchings. In 1926, Georgi took part in the International Art Exhibition in Dresden, and a year later was a member of the German Association of Artists, where he remained until its dissolution in 1934 (coinciding with the redefining of German culture and art during the Third Reich).

paragraph: From 1926 to 1931, while exhibiting, Georgi continued to further his studies as a teacher at the University of Leipzig in history, philosophy and pedagogy. In 1931 he graduated as Dr. Phil. at the Philosophical Faculty of the University of Leipzig.

paragraph: From March 1931 until spring 1933, Georgi became a research assistant at the Pedagogical Institute of the Dresden University of Technology. From 1933 to 1939 he worked as a teacher in the town school in Sebnitz. In April 1933, Georgi joined the Nazi Party. In the following years, Georgi continued to take frequent trips to Sassnitz, Stettin and the Bohemian Highlands. However, by 1936 (under the Third Reich) he failed to obtain a teaching post.

paragraph: In August 1938 he joined the war effort as a reserve artilleryman in Frankenberg. On 25 August 1939 Georgi was drafted for part of the German invasion of Poland, then later for the French campaign. From September 1940 he was again working as a teacher in Sebnitz. From 1941 to 1945 Georgi built a teacher training college in Bischofswerda. In 1945, during the last weeks of the war, he was serviced for Volkssturm. From 1945, after his dismissal from the teaching profession, Georgi worked as a freelance painter and graphic artist. 1947-1949 Georgi was in the jury of the city of Zwickau when the Max Pechstein Prize was launched.

paragraph: In July 1948 the gallery in Henning Hall showed the first comprehensive exhibition of Georgi's oil paintings, watercolors and drawings. In the fifties, sixties and seventies Georgi reached the peak of his work as an illustrator.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: From 1948 to 1963 he worked in the community college in Sebnitz holding lectures on art history and literature. In 1952 Georgi became a member of the Association of Artists of the GDR. His wife Elfriede died 1961. He retired not long after but traveled a lot, purchasing many paintings from his travels. He often stayed with his three sons. By 1988 his health deteriorated. On 23 October 1989 Hanns Georgi died in the house of his son Henry in Malschendorf near Dresden.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of German painters

description: German illustrator

wikidata_label: Hanns Georgi

wikipedia_title: Hanns Georgi