text: Swedish Navy

text: Skabersjö

text: Svedala Municipality

text: Carl August Ehrensvärd

text: Chief of the Army

text: Carl August Ehrensvärd

text: Ministry of Defence

text: Augustin Ehrensvärd

text: Augustin Ehrensvärd

text: Albert Ehrensvärd

text: Archibald Douglas

text: Swedish Navy

text: Royal Swedish Naval Staff College

text: Royal Swedish Naval Academy

text: Naval Staff

text: Coastal Fleet

text: Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences

text: Royal Swedish Society of Naval Sciences

text: Hässleholm

text: Tomelilla Municipality

text: Order of the Sword

text: Order of the Polar Star

text: Order of Vasa

text: Order of the Dannebrog

text: Order of St. Olav

text: Crosses of Naval Merit

text: Order of the White Rose of Finland

text: Order of Polonia Restituta

text: Order of the Crown of Italy

text: Order of Saint Stanislaus

text: Order of the Medjidie

text: Swedish Naval Volunteers

categories: Members of the Royal Swedish Society of Naval Sciences,1885 births,Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences,Swedish counts,Swedish Navy admirals,Knights of the Order of the Polar Star,Commanders Grand Cross of the Order of the Sword,People from Svedala Municipality,1973 deaths

paragraph: Gösta Ehrensvärd

paragraph: Count Gösta Carl Albert Ehrensvärd (10 February 1885 – 2 November 1973) was a Swedish Navy vice admiral.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Ehrensvärd was born in Skabersjö, Svedala Municipality, Sweden, the son of admiral, count Carl August Ehrensvärd (1858–1944) and his wife baroness Lovisa Ulrika "Ulla" (née Thott). He was the brother of Chief of the Army, General Carl August Ehrensvärd (1892–1974) and Deputy Director of the Ministry of Defence Augustin Ehrensvärd (1887–1968). His great-grandfather was the fortress builder Augustin Ehrensvärd, his uncle was Albert Ehrensvärd and his cousin was Archibald Douglas.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He became a sea cadet in 1898 and was commissioned into the Swedish Navy as an acting sub lieutenant in 1904 after passing the naval officer examination. Ehrensvärd was promoted to sub-lieutenant in 1906. Ehrensvärd passed the higher course at the Royal Swedish Naval Staff College from 1910 to 1911 and was promoted to lieutenant in 1913. He was a teacher at the Royal Swedish Naval Academy from 1916 to 1919 and at the Royal Swedish Naval Staff College from 1918 to 1922 when he was promoted to commander. Seagoing services in the 1910s was partly as captain and division commander of torpedo boats.

paragraph: Ehrensvärd was commanding officer of the Destroyer Division in 1919 and from 1923 to 1924. He was then head of the Communications Department at the Naval Staff from 1927 to 1929, captain of the in 1929 and was head of the Operations Department at the Naval Staff from 1929 to 1932 and was promoted to captain in 1933. Ehrensvärd was captain of the from 1932 to 1933 and flag captain in the staff of the Chief of the Coastal Fleet from 1933 to 1936. He was Chief of the Naval Staff from 1937 to 1939 and was promoted to rear admiral in 1938. Ehrensvärd was Chief of the Coastal Fleet from 1939 to 1942 and commanding admiral of the South Coast Navy District from 1942 to 1950 when he was promoted to vice admiral.

paragraph: Section::::Other work.

paragraph: Ehrensvärd was editor of the journal "Tidskrift i sjöväsendet" from 1925 to 1927 and a member of the 1930 Defense Commission from 1930 to 1932. He became a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of War Sciences in 1933 and a member of the Royal Swedish Society of Naval Sciences in 1920 (honorary member in 1938).

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: On 5 January 1909 he married Anna Enell (born (1886–1972), the daughter of pharmacist Henrik Enell and Emma (née Öst). He was the father of Gösta (1910–1980), Carl August (1913–1982) and Ulla (1918–1983). Ehrensvärd died on 2 November 1973 in Hässleholm and was buried at Tosterup cemetery in Tomelilla Municipality.

paragraph: Section::::Dates of rank.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1904 – Acting Sub-Lieutenant ("Underlöjtnant")

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1906 – Sub-Lieutenant ("Löjtnant")

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1913 – Lieutenant ("Kapten")

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1922 – Commander ("Kommendörkapten")

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1933 – Captain ("Kommendör")

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1938 – Rear admiral

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1950 – Vice admiral

paragraph: Section::::Awards and decorations.

paragraph: Ehrensvärd's awards:

paragraph: BULLET::::- King Gustaf V's Jubilee Commemorative Medal (1948)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Commander Grand Cross of the Order of the Sword

paragraph: BULLET::::- Knight of the Order of the Polar Star

paragraph: BULLET::::- Knight of the Order of Vasa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Commander First Class of the Order of the Dannebrog

paragraph: BULLET::::- Commander of the Order of St. Olav with star

paragraph: BULLET::::- Commander First Class of the Crosses of Naval Merit

paragraph: BULLET::::- Commander of the Order of the White Rose of Finland

paragraph: BULLET::::- Commander of the Order of Polonia Restituta

paragraph: BULLET::::- Knight of the Order of the Crown of Italy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Knight Third Class of the Order of Saint Stanislaus

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fourth Class of the Order of the Medjidie

paragraph: BULLET::::- Danish Medal of Liberation

paragraph: BULLET::::- Swedish Naval Volunteers' gold medal ("Sjövärnskårens guldmedalj")

wikidata_label: Gösta Ehrensvärd

wikipedia_title: Gösta Ehrensvärd


text:
artivist
performance art
human rights
animal rights
.
performance art
passive resistance
Tarragona
Barcelona
Catalonia
The Wall Street Journal
The Washington Post
bullfighting
social movement
Cairn Energy
Diddy,
Paris Hilton
Kate Moss
Fat Boy Slim
Gulf of Valencia
Ibiza

categories: Spanish activists,Spanish women activists,Spanish artists,Living people,Year of birth missing (living people)

paragraph: Jil Love

paragraph: Jordina Salabert, better known by her stage name, Jil Love, is an artist and activist (artivist) whose work features public performance art and demonstration to create public awareness of human rights, the environment, animal rights, and LGBT rights. She is known internationally for her work involving performance art and artistic passive resistance in public spaces using the human body, sometimes using nudity.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Jordina Salabert was born in Tarragona, Spain and was immersed in the arts at a young age by her family. Inspired by her mother's love of cinema, Love went to Barcelona at age 16 to pursue film studies. Love later worked in Madrid as a performer and public relations manager for a prominent night club. After drawing the attention of talent agencies and photographers, and other members of the entertainment industry, she appeared on television and in films, as an actress and model.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Love first came into the international spotlight in September 2012, as tensions between protesters and police rose during demonstrations outside a Spanish congressional summit. Love took off her clothing and began praying in the street. Photographs of her action spread around the world on the Internet, as well as in print media. In 2014, Love appeared with hands and feet bound, with a suffocating plastic bag over her head, and a placard translating to "I am Catalonia" outside Spanish Parliament. The photo, symbolic of Catalonia's fight for independence, was featured in The Wall Street Journal's Year in Photos 2014 compilation, featuring culturally significant photos from around the globe. The photo was also pictured as the photo of the day in The Washington Post. Through various press, including The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, Nation of Change and True Activist, her work has received worldwide attention. In September 2014, Love covered herself in duct tape like a mummy and was written on by others, protesting the Spanish gag law. An outspoken opponent of animal cruelty, in September 2014, Love covered herself in fake blood to protest bullfighting in Spain.

paragraph: In March 2015, Love was body painted with the names of forty-three missing Mexican students at the Mexican consulate in Los Angeles. In 2015, a photo of Love protesting for Palestine on the Hollywood Walk of Fame was featured in the number three spot in trueactivist.com's "18 Of The Most Amazingly-Creative Protests Ever" compilation. Love is the founder of the social movement Jil Love Revolution, which has received attention globally. According to Love, "The mission of Jil Love Revolution is to awaken a force in those who view our images…to raise awareness, ignite ideas and incite people to action."

paragraph: In early 2014, Scottish energy company Cairn Energy came under intense criticism from numerous organizations and celebrities such as Diddy, Paris Hilton, Kate Moss and Fat Boy Slim among others, surrounding the company's proposals to explore oil drilling in the Gulf of Valencia, off the coast of Ibiza Spain. Love organized demonstrations in Madrid and in Ibiza, featuring herself and other activists covered head to toe in fake oil. Love and eighteen volunteers appeared on beach of Talamanca naked and covered in fake oil, with a crowd of 200 people attending. About 150 people garbed and painted with black held posters reading "no". Her artistic performance in Ibiza was featured widely by various international press, including Diario de Ibiza and Metro in the UK.

paragraph: Section::::Published works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ""We Are The Voices Of The Unheard"", a self-published book of Love's work, published on December 1, 2015

wikidata_label: Jil Love

wikipedia_title: Jil Love


text:
Firminy
pastry chef
Le Meurice
Fauchon
Le Meurice
Le Meurice
The World's 50 Best Restaurants

categories: Pastry chefs,People from Firminy,1985 births,Living people

paragraph: Cédric Grolet

paragraph: Cédric Grolet (born August 28, 1985, Firminy, France) is a French pastry chef. He is the executive pastry chef at Le Meurice in Paris.

paragraph: Cédric's pastries focus on fruits and the reinterpretation of traditional French desserts. He is known for creating desserts that have a likeness to the fruits from which they're made. In order to achieve this effect, Grolet molds a thin shell of white chocolate and airbrushes it to replicate the appearance and texture of fruits such as lemons, apples, and figs.

paragraph: Grolet is also the author of Fruits, a cookbook that explores his fruit-based desserts.

paragraph: In March 2018, he opened his first pastry shop within Le Meurice in Paris.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: At age 21, Cédric moved to Paris to work at Fauchon, a French gourmet food producer. In 2011, after working at Fauchon for six years and training under Christophe Adam, he joined the team at the luxury hotel Le Meurice. In 2013, he was named the executive pastry chef at Le Meurice.

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015, Best Pastry Chef of the Year, Le Chef Magazine

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2016, Relais Desserts Award for Best Pastry Chef

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017, Omnivore Pastry Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017, World Best Pastry Chef, "Les Grandes Tables du Monde"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018, Best Pastry Chef, Gault&Millau

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018, Best Pastry Chef, The World's 50 Best Restaurants

description: pastry chef

wikidata_label: Cédric Grolet

wikipedia_title: Cédric Grolet


text:
Ziggy Marley
Bob Marley
Jamaica
Damian Marley
Jo Mersa Marley
Ziggy Marley
Wayan Palmieri
Danny Glover
Robert Ri'chard
Jo Mersa Marley
Ziggy Marley
Inner Circle
The Internet
Wayan Palmieri

categories: Jamaican male singers,Jamaican people of Jewish descent,Jamaican songwriters,Bob Marley,Marley family,Jamaican people of Ghanaian descent,Jamaican people of English descent,Musicians from Kingston, Jamaica,21st-century American singers,1989 births,Jamaican Rastafarians,Jamaican reggae singers,Jamaican people of Cuban descent,Jamaican pop singers,Jamaican rappers,Living people

paragraph: Bambaata Marley

paragraph: Bambaata Marley (born July 12, 1989) is a Jamaican singer-songwriter. He is the son of Ziggy Marley, and eldest grandson of Bob Marley.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Bambaata Marley spent his early years in Jamaica before moving to Miami, Florida. He currently resides in Los Angeles, California.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Bambaata Marley debuted in 2009 with the single "Live It Inna Fear", produced by Damian Marley.

paragraph: In 2010, he collaborated with his cousin Jo Mersa Marley on the single "My Girl".

paragraph: In 2011, he collaborated with his father Ziggy Marley, on the song "Changes"

paragraph: On September 16, 2015, the music video for his single "Waiting for the War" was released, the music video was awarded a Telly Award for 'Best Online Music Video' and a Telly Awards for 'Craft-Directing Video' by Wayan Palmieri. The artwork cover for "Waiting for the War" was a re-creation of Bob Marley's Soul Rebels album cover released by Bob Marley & the Wailers in 1970.

paragraph: In 2017, he made his screen debut in the short film "Vagabonds" starring Danny Glover & Robert Ri'chard

paragraph: On June 21, 2018. Bambaata Marley announced the upcoming release of his album UNX.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Singles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live It Inna Fear" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "2-Feet" (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Maintain" (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Waiting For the War" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "If You Go" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Unconditional" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ocean Ocean" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Out To Play" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Deadbeat" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "In a Ray" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pretty Butterfly" (2018)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "UFO" (2018)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As Featured Artist.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jo Mersa Marley ""My Girl"" (Feat. Daniel Bambaata) (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ziggy Marley ""Changes"" (Feat. Daniel Marley) (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Inner Circle ""Free It Up"" (Feat. Daniel Bambaata Marley) (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Internet ""Get Away" (Feat. Daniel Marley) (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lorine Chia ""The Reason"" (Feat. Bambaata Marley) (2018)

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.:Films.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vagabonds" (2017) – Dejohn (Short Film)

paragraph: Section::::Music videos.

paragraph: Section::::Music videos.:Awards and nominations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017: Telly Award for 'Best Online Music Video' – "Waiting for the War"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017: Telly Award for 'Directing' (Wayan Palmieri) – "Waiting for the War"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018: Telly Award for 'Best Online Music Video' – "Unconditional"

wikidata_label: Bambaata Marley

wikipedia_title: Bambaata Marley


text:
1900 Summer Olympics
Paris
France
Lewis
About.com

categories: 1935 deaths,1878 births,American male shot putters,Olympic gold medalists for the United States in track and field,Olympic bronze medalists for the United States in track and field,American male discus throwers,Olympic track and field athletes of the United States,Medalists at the 1900 Summer Olympics,Athletes (track and field) at the 1900 Summer Olympics

paragraph: Richard Sheldon

paragraph: Richard "Dick" Sheldon (July 9, 1878 – January 23, 1935) was the winner of the gold medal in the men's shot put at the 1900 Summer Olympics held in Paris, France. Sheldon, an American, won with a throw of 14.10 m. He also won a bronze medal in the discus throw. Sheldon's brother Lewis competed at the same Olympics, winning two bronze medals in jumping events.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- About.com

description: American shot put and discus Olympian

wikidata_label: Richard Sheldon

wikipedia_title: Richard Sheldon


text:
hard rock
Guns N' Roses
multi-instrumentalist
keyboard
guitar
drums
lead
backing vocalist
alternative rock
Lusk
Replicants
Tool
Kansas City
University of Missouri
Dr. Dre
Tool
Ænima
Blinker the Star
Guns N' Roses
Oh My God
Chinese Democracy
sub-bass
Mellotron
Madagascar
Axl Rose
Dizzy Reed
Rock in Rio
Tommy Stinson
Melissa Reese
Replicants
Ken Andrews
Paul D'amour
ZAUM
Tool
Third Eye
Failure
Lusk
Grammy
Blinker the Star
Rio de Janeiro
Electric Company
Creative Playthings
Brad Laner
Danny Carey
Guns N' Roses
EDM
Frank Ferrer
sound design
software
synthesizer
Los Angeles
conceptual
public
Official Myspace
Official SexTapes website

categories: Replicants (band) members,21st-century American keyboardists,Guns N' Roses members,1961 births,American electronic musicians,Musicians from Missouri,American heavy metal keyboardists,American rock keyboardists,Living people

paragraph: Chris Pitman

paragraph: Chris Pitman (born February 25, 1961) is an American musician best known for his involvement with the hard rock band Guns N' Roses. A multi-instrumentalist, Pitman is known to play keyboards, guitar and drums, in addition to his role as a lead or backing vocalist. Pitman currently fronts alternative rock band SexTapes and previously worked with such bands as Guns N' Roses, Lusk, Replicants and Tool.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: Pitman studied at the Art Institute of Kansas City and the University of Missouri. In 1993, Pitman worked with the controversial artist Les Levine. The following year, Pitman worked with Dr. Dre in Dre's home studio. He also joined Tool on tour and played synth on Tool's album "Ænima". In 1995, he appeared on the album "Bourgeois Kitten" by Blinker the Star.

paragraph: Section::::Guns N' Roses (1998-2016).

paragraph: In early 1998, Pitman joined Guns N' Roses as the band's second keyboardist and second bass player as well as performing backing vocals and percussion. He was featured on keyboards on the non-album single "Oh My God" in 1999 and on every song on the long-delayed sixth studio album "Chinese Democracy".

paragraph: On the album, Pitman plays mostly keyboards and sub-bass as well as programming and background vocals, he plays a 12-string guitar on "If The World" and a Mellotron on "There Was A Time". He also co-wrote the songs "If The World" and "Madagascar" alongside frontman Axl Rose. He was also responsible for the synth orchestra (along with Dizzy Reed and Axl Rose) on the songs Street of Dreams, There Was A Time, Madagascar, This I Love and Prostitute. Pitman co-wrote (alongside other keyboardist Dizzy Reed) an unreleased song which was performed live at Rock in Rio III entitled "Silkworms".

paragraph: Pitman started performing live with Guns N' Roses in January 2001. He was one of the longest serving members of the band. Pitman filled in for Tommy Stinson on bass in a 2007 show that Stinson was unable to attend.

paragraph: Pitman was replaced by Melissa Reese as the second keyboardist in April 2016.

paragraph: In August 2016, Pitman sued Rose for $125,000 in unpaid wages. The two parties settled in November 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Musical Collaborations.

paragraph: Pitman has collaborated with a number of acts, as well as founding a number of experimental projects.

paragraph: BULLET::::- XR4 - Vocals, electronics in 1982.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Replicants - Pitman was keyboardist of the cover band that featured singer and guitarist Ken Andrews, drummer Greg Edwards, and bassist Paul D'amour.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ZAUM - guitar, electronics, and lead vocals with Danny Carey of Tool, and Marko Fox of SexTapesTM.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tool - In 1994/95, Pitman toured with them and, in 1996, played synths on the song "Third Eye".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Failure - Contributed sound effects and sound mixing.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lusk - Recording, production, mixing, mastering, lead vocals, multi-instrumentation in this Grammy-nominated band in 1996-97.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sony Panic - Guitar and live software management with this L.A. experimental/improvisational band in 1997.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Blinker the Star - Contributed keyboards to the song "Kween Kat" of the album "Bourgeois Kitten" in 1996. Co-wrote the single "Below the Sliding Doors" in 1998.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Savvy Soviets - Production/collaboration in Rio de Janeiro in 2003.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Electric Company - Synthesizer on the album "Creative Playthings". Played live with this Brad Laner electronic music project in 2004.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Source of Uncertainty - Recording with Danny Carey and others in 2008.

paragraph: BULLET::::- SexTapes - Working with Kelly Wheeler, Marko Fox, and Ryan Brown starting in 2006.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guns N' Roses - In 1998, Pitman joined this hard rock band as songwriter, co-producer, and multi-instrumentalist.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beatrazr - EDM music project with Frank Ferrer.

paragraph: Section::::Workshop projects.

paragraph: Pitman has also done sound design and electronic work for Arturia software synthesizers, A Designs Audio [Peter Montessi], Waves Plugins, Waldorf Synthesizers, Apple's Logic Audio, Digidesign Plugins, Moog Synthesizers, Celemony's Melodyne, Ableton Live, Roland USA, Korg Music, Serge Synthesis [SMS], PlanB Synthesis [Peter Grenader], [Axel Hartmann] Neuron Synthesis, and Symbolic Sounds Kyma, Mandala Drums, Steven Slate Drums, Native Instruments.

paragraph: Pitman was co-founder of Los Angeles-based art coalition 'Priory of the North,' which focuses on conceptual/public art and works primarily with oil painting, lithography, oils, and metal. His Land/Environment projects have been onsite in various Midwest regional farmland sites in Lafayette County and Johnson County, Missouri. His Rio de Janeiro site-specific work titled "Mind/Land" has been delayed until permits and visas for such materials can be imported. This work has been in progress since 2003.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Myspace

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official SexTapes website

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Chris Pitman

wikipedia_title: Chris Pitman


text:
French
Paris
Victor-François, 2nd duc de Broglie
maréchal de camp
Marquis de La Fayette
Comte de Rochambeau
American War of Independence
Jacobin Club
National Constituent Assembly
French Revolution
Liberal
First Republic
Army on the Rhine
Reign of Terror
guillotine
Victor
duc de Broglie
Robespierre
Marc-René de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson
Comte d'Argenson
Louis XV
First French Empire

categories: Politicians from Paris,18th-century French politicians,Military leaders of the French Revolutionary Wars,House of Broglie,1794 deaths,Princes of Broglie,French generals,French people executed by guillotine during the French Revolution,1756 births

paragraph: Victor de Broglie (1756–1794)

paragraph: Charles-Louis-Victor, prince de Broglie, called Victor de Broglie (22 September 1756 – 27 June 1794) was a French soldier and politician.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Victor de Broglie in Paris, the eldest son of Victor-François, 2nd duc de Broglie, the prince de Broglie attained the rank of "maréchal de camp" in the army. He adopted radical opinions and served with the Marquis de La Fayette and the Comte de Rochambeau in the American War of Independence.

paragraph: The Prince was a member of the Jacobin Club, and sat in the National Constituent Assembly after the French Revolution, constantly voting on the Liberal side. He served as chief of the staff to the First Republic's Army on the Rhine, but, during the Reign of Terror, he was denounced, arrested, and guillotined in Paris.

paragraph: Since the old duc de Broglie survived him, the prince de Broglie's eldest son, Victor, eventually became the third duc de Broglie. The prince's dying admonition to his little son was to remain faithful to the principles of the Revolution, however unjust and ungrateful it seemed then to be.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: The Prince's wife shared her husband's imprisonment, but managed to escape to Switzerland, where she remained till the fall of Robespierre. She then returned to Paris with her children and lived there quietly until 1796, when she married Marc-René de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson, grandson of the Comte d'Argenson (minister of war during the reign of Louis XV). Under the care of his step-father Victor de Broglie received a careful and liberal education and made his entrée into the aristocratic and literary society of Paris under the First French Empire.

description: French general and politician

wikidata_label: Victor de Broglie

wikipedia_title: Victor de Broglie (1756–1794)


text:
Italian
humanist
archbishop of Vienna
Trieste
University of Bologna
Emperor Frederick III
Ludovico Sforza

wikipedia_title:
Italians
Humanism
Archbishop of Vienna
Trieste
University of Bologna
Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor
Ludovico Sforza

categories: Archbishops of Vienna,People from Trieste,1458 births,Italian Renaissance humanists,16th-century Roman Catholic bishops,1546 deaths,Austrian people of Italian descent,Bishops in Friuli-Venezia Giulia,16th-century Italian people

paragraph: Pietro Bonomo

paragraph: Pietro Bonomo (1458–1546) was an Italian humanist and diplomat, who became bishop of Trieste in 1502 and archbishop of Vienna briefly in 1522.

paragraph: He was born into an important family in Trieste, and studied at the University of Bologna. He was taken into imperial service by Emperor Frederick III. He was sent to negotiate with Ludovico Sforza.

paragraph: He was chancellor of Austria from 1521 to 1523.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Peter G. Bietenholz, Thomas Brian Deutscher (1987), "Contemporaries of Erasmus: A Biographical Register of the Renaissance and Reformation", p. 169.

description: Roman Catholic archbishop

wikidata_label: Pietro Bonomo

wikipedia_title: Pietro Bonomo


text: wrongly convicted

text: witchcraft

text: Salem witch trials

text: hanging

text: maintained her innocence

text: exonerated

text: Putnam family

text: Chipping Norton

text: Ipswich, Massachusetts

text: bailiff

text: treasurer

text: constable

text: Topsfield

text: Salem

text: Massachusetts Bay Colony

text: Edward Bishop Jr.

text: Bridget Bishop

text: distraction

text: possession by the devil

text: John Hale

text: King Philip's War

text: selectmen

text: Puritan

text: whipped

text: fornication

text: wearing a silk scarf

text: in-laws

text: grudge

text: Putnam family

text: treason

text: slander

text: retracted

text: scythe

text: death scythe

text: hay

text: ox

text: cat-like creature

text: beehive

text: livestock

text: Ann Putnam, Jr.

text: surveyor

text: Border disputes

text: John Hathorne

text: Jonathan Corwin

text: William

text: Deliverance Hobbs

text: Nehemiah Abbot

text: Mary Eastey

text: Mary Black

text: Mary English

text: Mercy Lewis

text: Mary Walcott

text: Thomas Putnam

text: George Herrick

text: jailhouse confession

text: examination

text: Sarah Bibber

text: specter

text: Abigail Williams

text: black mass

text: Boston Gaol

text: George Burroughs

text: George Jacobs, Sr.

text: Giles

text: Martha Corey

text: Ann Pudeator

text: Sarah Cloyse

text: Sarah Root

text: Dorcas Hoar

text: restitution

text: Sarah Good

text: Rebecca Nurse

text: Susannah Martin

text: Elizabeth Howe

text: spectral evidence

text: Christian

text: Essex County

text: William Stoughton

text: warrant for execution

text: July 19

text: hanging

text: Salem, Massachusetts

text: Elizabeth Howe

text: Susannah Martin

text: Sarah Good

text: Rebecca Nurse

text: Nicholas Noyes

text: Emerson Baker

text: Salem State University

text: escaped

text: Wonders of the Invisible World

text: Massachusetts General Court

text: pounds

text: Paul Tirone

text: Halloween

text: Arthur Miller

text: The Crucible

text: Nobel

text: Holocaust

text: Elie Wiesel

text: University of Virginia

categories: Executed American women,Kingdom of England emigrants to the Thirteen Colonies,American people executed for witchcraft,People executed by the Thirteen Colonies by hanging,17th-century executions of American people,People executed by Massachusetts by hanging,1692 deaths,Executed English people,People from Chipping Norton,Colonial American women,17th-century executions by England,Executed English women,People executed by the Province of Massachusetts Bay,People from Topsfield, Massachusetts,1627 births

paragraph: Sarah Wildes

paragraph: Sarah Wildes (née Averell/Averill; baptized March 16, 1627 – ) was wrongly convicted of witchcraft during the Salem witch trials and was executed by hanging. She maintained her innocence throughout the process, and was later exonerated. Her husband's first wife was a member of the Gould family, cousins of the Putnam family, the primary accusers, and court records document the family feuds which led to her persecution.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Sarah was one of seven children born to William Averell and Abigail Hynton, immigrants from Chipping Norton, England who settled in Ipswich, Massachusetts. William was a bailiff in Chipping Norton in 1634, and Ipswich town records first mention him in 1637, which brackets their migration to the intervening time period, when Sarah was around 7–10 years old.

paragraph: Sarah married English immigrant John Wildes (born c. 1615–1618), a widower with eight children, and had a son, Ephraim. Ephraim held the positions of town treasurer and constable during the period of the conspiracy. They were residents of Topsfield, a neighboring town of Salem, in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. John held several positions in the town government and was affectionately called "Old Father Wildes". Two of John's daughters, Sarah (Wildes) Bishop and Phoebe (Wildes) Day, and a son-in-law, Edward Bishop Jr., were also accused of witchcraft. Sarah Averill Wildes and Sarah Wildes Bishop, her stepdaughter, have often been confused (as have Sarah Wildes Bishop and Bridget Bishop).

paragraph: One of Sarah's stepsons, Jonathan, was known for strange behavior, which local ministers theorized could be mental distraction, possession by the devil, or fakery, a story that Rev. John Hale related during Sarah's trial, retrospectively considering it to be possible evidence of Sarah's witchcraft. Jonathan died in King Philip's War, and no resolution was ever reached.

paragraph: Hale also related the story of another stepson, John, who had also died young (and was, therefore, not around to substantiate or refute the story). John, portrayed as "an honest young man" went to the house of his uncle and aunt, the Reddingtons, to confide in them his belief that his stepmother was, indeed, a witch.

paragraph: Sarah's older brother, William Averill, Jr., who had held several prominent positions in Ipswich and Topsfield, died the year before Sarah's arrest and was therefore unable to come to her defense. William and John Wildes (Sr.) had served together as selectmen. Sarah and John had also been the witnesses to William's will, demonstrating a relationship of trust.

paragraph: Section::::Prior offences and feuds.

paragraph: Sarah had a reputation as a nonconformist in Puritan Massachusetts, with prior offences which may have made her an easy target for accusations of witchcraft. She was considered glamorous and forward as a young woman. She was sentenced to be whipped for fornication with Thomas Wordell in November 1649, and later, in May of 1663, charged with wearing a silk scarf.

paragraph: Because she married John so soon after his first wife's death (about 7 months later), John's former in-laws held something of a grudge against her. This is particularly notable as the Goulds were related to the Putnam family, who were the principal accusers in the witchcraft hysteria. John Wildes testified against his first wife's brother, Lieutenant John Gould, in a treason trial, which further angered the family. Shortly after, John's ex-sister-in-law, Mary Gould Reddington, began circulating rumors that Sarah was a witch. When John Wildes threatened to charge her with slander, she retracted her claims. John testified that William Averill followed up, testing Mary's sincerity by offering to round up his sister himself if she had any complaints against Sarah, and Mary again said she had nothing against her.

paragraph: In 1674, the brothers John and Joseph Andrews came to the Wildes house to borrow a scythe, as theirs had broken. John Wildes, Sr., was away and Sarah replied that she did not have one to lend, but a neighbor pointed them to John Wildes, Jr.'s, and they took it against Sarah's protests, promising to ask the younger John's permission. Ephraim, then a young boy, allegedly chased after them, saying that it would be a "death scythe" for them if they did not return it. After cutting their hay, they had a series of mishaps with their cart and oxen, which they attributed to Sarah's bewitching. Later, Elizabeth Simmons née Andrews, their sister, and their mother went to visit the Reddingtons and crossed paths with Sarah. Their mother confronted her with the story of her sons' troubles, and Sarah said she had nothing to do with it. When their mother persisted, Sarah insisted on her proving that she had a hand in it. Elizabeth then claimed to have been immediately affected by trembling joints when Sarah looked at her, and that a cat-like creature visited her that night, while she was struck dumb. She further claimed to have suffered crippling back pain when Sarah passed her at church.

paragraph: Ephraim testified that he had been engaged to Elizabeth Simmons' daughter, which he broke off after confronting Mrs. Simmons about rumors he had heard of her complaints about his mother (which she denied), and that she had been angry with him ever since.

paragraph: Thomas Dorman reported that Sarah had purchased a beehive from him, and, subsequently, he lost much of his livestock, including geese and cattle. During the events of 1692, Ann Putnam, Jr. told his wife that their cattle had been killed by Sarah Wildes, which he found remarkable as they had frozen to death in January 1686.

paragraph: Another source of contention was John's position as surveyor for Topsfield. Border disputes between Salem and Topsfield came out in Topsfield's favor.

paragraph: Section::::Salem witch trials.

paragraph: Section::::Salem witch trials.:Arrest.

paragraph: On 21 April 1692, John Hathorne and Jonathan Corwin ordered Sarah, along with her stepdaughter, Sarah Wildes Bishop, Sarah Bishop's husband, Edward Bishop, and six others (William and Deliverance Hobbs, Nehemiah Abbot, Mary Eastey, Mary Black, and Mary English) to be arrested on "high suspicion" of witchcraft performed on Ann Putnam, Jr., Mercy Lewis, Mary Walcott, and others, due to a complaint by Thomas Putnam and John Buxton.

paragraph: Sarah was arrested by the Marshall, George Herrick, who then ordered Constable Ephraim Wildes to arrest Deliverance Hobbs. Hobbs, whether through coercion or not, made a jailhouse confession and implicated Sarah Wildes as a witch. Ephraim himself testified that he believed Hobbs' accusation to be vengeance against him for arresting her.

paragraph: Section::::Salem witch trials.:Examination.

paragraph: Her examination took place the following day. Sarah Bibber is specifically named in the court records as having had a fit, claiming to see Sarah's specter "upon the beam", and the other accusers followed suit. Ann Putnam, Jr. later testified that she herself was tortured during Sarah's examination and that she witnessed the torture of Mary Walcott, Mercy Lewis, and Abigail Williams. Sarah stated her innocence, going as far as to say she had never even seen the accusers before. The old accusations by John's ex-sister-in-law, Mary Reddington ("John Herricks [step]mo[ther]"), resurfaced.

paragraph: During her own examination, Deliverance Hobbs claimed that Sarah's apparition, along with that of Mercy Lewis, had previously "tore [her] almost to peices " as she lay in her bed. She continued that Sarah recruited her to attend a black mass, and offered to cease tormenting her and reward her with clothing in return for her signing of the devil's book.

paragraph: Section::::Salem witch trials.:Incarceration.

paragraph: On 13 May 1692, Sarah was transferred to the Boston Gaol. She was transferred back to Salem on 18 June, along with George Burroughs, George Jacobs, Sr., Giles and Martha Corey, Ann Pudeator, Sarah Cloyse, Sarah Root, and Dorcas Hoar. In his later request for restitution, Ephraim said that he or his father made trips to visit her once or twice a week, at great personal expense.

paragraph: Section::::Salem witch trials.:Trial.

paragraph: Along with Sarah Good, Rebecca Nurse, Susannah Martin, and Elizabeth Howe, Sarah Wildes was tried on 30 June 1692. The prosecution relied heavily on spectral evidence.

paragraph: Mary Gould Reddington had died by the time of the trial, but her brother John and Rev. John Hale related her claims of witchcraft against herself and Sarah's own stepsons. Elizabeth Simmons, along with her brothers, John and Joseph Andrews, attested that they had been victimized. Humphrey Clark claimed that Sarah had once appeared in his bedroom at midnight. Thomas Dorman relayed the story about his geese and cattle.

paragraph: Ann Putnam testified:

paragraph: I have been afflected ever sence the begi[n]ing of march with a woman that tould me hir name was willds and that she came from Topsfeild but on the 22 April 1692 Sarah willd did most greviously torment me dureing the time of hir Examination and then I saw that Sarah willds was that very woman that tould me hir name was willds and also on the day of hir Examination I saw Sarah willds or hir Apperince most greviously tortor and afflect mary walcott, Mircy lewes and Abigail willia [ms] and severall times sence Sarah wilds or hirs Apperance has most greviously tortored and afflected me with variety of torturees as by pricking and pinching me and almost choaking me to death.

paragraph: Mary Walcott similarly claimed:

paragraph: in the begining of Appril 1692 there came to me a woman which I did not know and she did most greviously torment me by pricking and pinching me and she tould me that hir name was wilds and that she lived at Topsfeil and hurting me most greviously by times tell the day of hir Examination which was the 22 day of Appril 1692: and then I saw that Sarah wildes was that very same woman that tould me hir name was wildes and sarah wilds did most greviously torment me dureing the time of hir Examination for when ever she did but look upon me she would strick me down or almost Choak me to death: also on the day or hir Examination I saw sarah Wilds or hir Apperance most greviously torment and afflect mercy lewes [s] Abigaill Williams and Ann putnam Jun'r by stricking them down and [almst] Choaking them to death. also severall times sence Sarah willds has most greviously tormented me with variety of tortor and I verily beleve she is a most dreadful wicth

paragraph: Nathaniel Ingersoll and Thomas Putnam backed these claims by stating that they witnessed attacks on all of the afflicted girls.

paragraph: In Sarah's defense, John and Ephraim testified to the ulterior motives of the Hobbs, Gould, and Simmons families. Ephraim said he had never seen his mother harm anyone in word nor action, and that she had always instructed him well in the Christian religion.

paragraph: Sarah Wildes was condemned by the Court of Essex County for practicing witchcraft. William Stoughton signed the warrant for execution on 12 July 1692.

paragraph: Section::::Salem witch trials.:Execution.

paragraph: Wildes was executed on July 19, 1692 by hanging at Gallows Hill in Salem, Massachusetts, along with Elizabeth Howe, Susannah Martin, Sarah Good, and Rebecca Nurse. Before the executions, Rev. Nicholas Noyes asked them to confess, but Good's last words were, "You are a liar! I am no more a witch than you are a wizard, and if you take away my life God will give you blood to drink."

paragraph: When the site of the execution was finally confirmed in January 2016 by the Gallows Hill Project, led by Professor Emerson Baker of Salem State University, no human remains were found using ground-penetrating radar, supporting traditional beliefs that the families of the victims returned at night to recover their bodies and reinter them elsewhere.

paragraph: Section::::Aftermath.

paragraph: Stepdaughter Phoebe Wildes Day was arrested in September 1692, but there is no record of her going to trial. Stepdaughter Sarah Wildes Bishop and her husband, Edward, having been transferred to Boston prison, escaped in October 1692 and went into hiding.

paragraph: In his book "Wonders of the Invisible World", Cotton Mather attempted to defend his participation in the trials, laying out what he considered to be the strongest cases for genuine witchcraft. He did not include Sarah's.

paragraph: On 26 June 1693, John Wildes married Mary, the widow of George Jacobs, Sr. (George having been executed for witchcraft, as well). He died on 14 May 1705, in Topsfield.

paragraph: Section::::Aftermath.:Exoneration.

paragraph: Sarah was exonerated by the Massachusetts General Court in 1710, along with many other condemned. Her son Ephraim, responding that "the los of so dere a frind ... cannot be mede up" , was awarded 14 pounds as restitution.

paragraph: The husband of one of Sarah's descendants, State Representative Paul Tirone, was instrumental in clearing the last five victims by an act of Legislature on October 31, 2001 (Halloween).

paragraph: Section::::Aftermath.:Memorials.

paragraph: The Salem Witch Trials Memorial includes a bench inscribed with the names of all those executed, including Sarah Wildes. Arthur Miller, who wrote The Crucible, a play based on the trials, spoke at the dedication, as did Nobel Laureate and Holocaust survivor Elie Wiesel. The city of Danvers also created a memorial to the victims. The execution site was finally pinpointed in January 2016, by the University of Virginia's Gallows Hill Project, and the city plans to create a new memorial to the victims there.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Upham, Charles (1980). Salem Witchcraft. New York: Frederick Ungar Publishing Co., v. 2, pp. 135, 268, 480.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Salem Witch Trials: Documentary Archive and Transcript Archive" (2002)

description: Salem "witch"

wikidata_label: Sarah Wildes

wikipedia_title: Sarah Wildes


text: German

text: diver

text: 1904 Summer Olympics

text: platform diving

categories: 1885 births,Divers at the 1904 Summer Olympics,Olympic divers of Germany,1952 deaths,Olympic medalists in diving,Olympic bronze medalists for Germany,German male divers

paragraph: Alfred Braunschweiger

paragraph: Alfred Braunschweiger (October 16, 1885 – June 29, 1952) was a German diver who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics. In the 1904 Olympics he won a bronze medal in the platform diving event.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alfred Braunschweiger's profile at Sports Reference.com

description: diver

wikidata_label: Alfred Braunschweiger

wikipedia_title: Alfred Braunschweiger


text: Cerveteri

text: Riano

text: Vignanello

text: Prince of the Holy Roman Empire

text: dei Principi Ruspoli

text: Canino

text: Musignano

text: Highness

text: Principe Romano

text: Excellency

text: dei Principi Ruspoli

text: Marquess of Riano

text: Bagni di Lucca

text: Lucca

text: dei Principi Ruspoli

text: Lausanne

text: dei Principi Ruspoli

text: dei Principi Ruspoli

text: Cornigliano Ligure

text: dei Principi Ruspoli

text: Bagni di Lucca

text: Bagni di Lucca

text: Fribourg

text: Garmisch

text: dei Principi Ruspoli

text: Bagni di Lucca

text: Florence

text: Siena

text: Florence

text: dei Principi Ruspoli

text: Viareggio

text: dei Principi Ruspoli

text: Florence

text: Zikton

text: Ohio

text: dei Principi Ruspoli

text: Swickley

text: Pennsylvania

text: Bagni di Lucca

text: dei Principi Ruspoli

text: Ruspoli

categories: 1876 deaths,1807 births,House of Ruspoli

paragraph: Giovanni Nepomucene Ruspoli, 5th Prince of Cerveteri

paragraph: Giovanni Nepomucene, Principe Ruspoli (June 28, 1807 – November 6, 1876) was the 5th Principe di Cerveteri, 5th Marchese di Riano, 10th Conte di Vignanello, and Prince of the Holy Roman Empire son of Alessandro Ruspoli, 4th Prince of Cerveteri and wife Mariana Gräfin Esterházy de Galántha and ancestor of the Line I of the Principi Ruspoli.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and children.

paragraph: He married in Rome, May 16, 1832 Barbara dei Principi Massimo (Rome, December 20, 1813 – Rome, November 1, 1839), by whom he had four children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Francesco Maria Ruspoli, 6th Prince of Cerveteri

paragraph: BULLET::::- Donna Maria Cristina dei Principi Ruspoli (Rome, July 25, 1842 – Rome, February 22/12, 1907), married in Rome, November 25, 1859 HH "Napoléon Charles" Grégoire Jacques Philippe, Prince Bonaparte (Rome, February 5, 1839 – Rome, February 12/11, 1899), 5th Principe di Canino and 5th Principe di Musignano, granted the style "Highness" on his marriage, recognized as "Principe Romano" (Excellency) in 1895, and had female issue

paragraph: BULLET::::- Don Alessandro dei Principi Ruspoli, Honorary Marquess of Riano (Rome, April 11, 1844 – Bagni di Lucca, November 3, 1916), married in Lucca, October 9, 1877 Eva Capel Broadwood (London, October 28, 1858 – August 2, 1948), and had three sons:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Don Fabrizio dei Principi Ruspoli (Rome, December 17, 1878 – Lausanne, November 16, 1935), married in Rome, March 4, 1905 Margery Butt (London, July 3, 1881 – May 29, 1954), and had two daughters:"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Donna Gabriella dei Principi Ruspoli (Rome, March 4, 1906 –), unmarried and without issue"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Donna Cristina dei Principi Ruspoli (Cornigliano Ligure, April 8, 1909 – Rome, February 18, 1949), unmarried and without issue"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Don Sforza dei Principi Ruspoli (Rome, June 14, 1882 – Bagni di Lucca, December 27, 1953), married at Bagni di Lucca, July 7, 1923 Giuseppina del Grande (Fribourg, January 16, 1898 – Garmisch, August 16, 1961), and had two sons:"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Don Alessandro dei Principi Ruspoli (Bagni di Lucca, March 27, 1925 – Florence, March 28, 1981), married in Siena, February 18, 1960 Patrizia Vanni (Florence, April 28, 1942 –), and had an only daughter:"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Donna Alessandra Giacinta dei Principi Ruspoli (Viareggio, November 5, 1960 –), unmarried and without issue"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Don Mario dei Principi Ruspoli (Florence, November 19, 1930 –), married firstly in November, 1964 Dolores Sherwood (?), without issue, and secondly at Zikton, Ohio, March 3, 1978 Lucy Young (June 3, 1952 –), without issue"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Don Napoleone dei Principi Ruspoli (Rome, November 24, 1885 – Rome, July 9, 1935), married in New York City, New York, October 14, 1912 Katherine Quay (Swickley, Pennsylvania, December 19, 18?? – Bagni di Lucca, February, 1956), without issue"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Donna Francesca dei Principi Ruspoli (Rome, April, 1849 – 1851)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ruspoli

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Giovanni Nepomucene Ruspoli on a genealogical site

description: Prince of Cerveteri


text: Azarshahr

text: East Azerbaijan

text: Tabriz

text: East Azerbaijan

text: Iran

text: Shia

text: cleric

text: Tabriz

text: Supreme Leader

text: East Azerbaijan

text: Muslim People's Republic Party

text: Assembly of Experts

text: Hamadan Province

text: People's Mujahedin of Iran

text: Mihrab

text: Mohammad-Ali Ghazi-Tabatabaei

text: Mihrab

text: Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University

text: Shahid Madani Metro Station

text: Tehran

text: Metro

text: Line 2

text: Islamic Republic of Iran Army

text: Iran–Iraq War

text: Tabriz

text: Khorramabad

text: Iran

text: Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

text: Bandar Kangan

text: SAVAK

text: Iranian Revolution

text: Hamadan

text: Mihrab

text: Mihrab

text: Ali ibn Abi Talib

text: assassinated

text: MEK

categories: Shia Muslim scholars,People from Azarshahr,Assassinated Iranian politicians,Iranian Azerbaijani politicians,1981 deaths,Representatives of the Supreme Leader in the Provinces of Iran,Members of the Assembly of Experts,1914 births,Iranian Azerbaijani grand ayatollahs and clerics

paragraph: Mir Asadollah Madani

paragraph: Mir Asadollah Madani Dehkharghani (, was born 1914 in Azarshahr, East Azerbaijan — died 1981 in Tabriz, East Azerbaijan) was an Iranian politician, Shia cleric, second imam Jumu'ah for Tabriz and Representative of the Supreme Leader in East Azerbaijan less than one year in the period activity Muslim People's Republic Party in Tabriz. Also Madani was the member of the first term Assembly of Experts from the Hamadan Province electorate. He was Assassinated by People's Mujahedin of Iran, when praying in Tabriz in "Mihrab" (praying place) after Mohammad-Ali Ghazi-Tabatabaei, so he had known as "the second martyr of Mihrab".

paragraph: Section::::Memorial of Madani.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, is a public University in the Madani Hometown.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shahid Madani Metro Station, is a station in Tehran Metro Line 2.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shahid Madani of Tabriz International Airport, in the Iran, Tabriz airport named Shahid Madani.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Operation Shahid Madani, was an operation launched by the Islamic Republic of Iran Army in Iran–Iraq War (1982).

paragraph: BULLET::::- shahid Madani dam in Tabriz

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shahid madani heart Hospital in Tabriz., Shahid madani Hospital in Khorramabad. and many schools, Streets in Iran.

paragraph: Section::::Political Activity.

paragraph: In 1970 he returned to Iran and opposition to the rule of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was exiled to Bandar Kangan. He was arrested by SAVAK and was deported several times during the 1961 decade.In such circumstances, he was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis.Examine her medical records and death with the strong possibility of the disease, SAVAK to escape the pressures of the religious spectrum in 1972 banished him to the Valley Moradbeik around Hamedan."

paragraph: After the 1978 Iranian Revolution on behalf of the Assembly of Experts Hamadan, and later was appointed as Friday Imam of Tabriz.

paragraph: Section::::Assassination.

paragraph: On 11 September 1981, Madani was approached and hugged by an unknown man who pretended to have a question, after Madani had finished Friday Prayer. The attacker then detonated the grenade he had hid under his cloth which led to the death of Ayatollah Madani and three others and injury of 50 people. Madani was killed in "Mihrab" (praying place) and hence acquired the title "the second martyr of Mihrab", the first one being Ali ibn Abi Talib whom was assassinated while praying in mosque. MEK claimed responsibility for the assassination."

description: Iranian politician

wikidata_label: Mir Asadollah Madani

wikipedia_title: Mir Asadollah Madani


text:
jazz
Brescia
Stefano Battaglia
Enrico Rava
ECM Records
Carla Bley
Paul Motian
Charlie Haden

categories: People from Brescia,Aut Records artists,Living people,Italian male pianists,Italian jazz pianists,Male drummers,21st-century drummers,21st-century pianists,Italian jazz drummers,Aut Records,1983 births,21st-century male musicians

paragraph: Emanuele Maniscalco

paragraph: Emanuele Maniscalco (born 1983) is an Italian jazz pianist, drummer and composer.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Maniscalco was born in Brescia in 1983. He began playing the piano at the age of 8 and the drums at 12. He is largely self-taught on both instruments, but he attended the monthly workshops of Stefano Battaglia in Siena between 2001 and 2008. He played with trumpeter Enrico Rava between 2004 and 2007.

paragraph: From 2012 to 2014, Maniscalco attended the Rytmisk Musikkonservatorium in Copenhagen, graduating in 2014 in the post-graduate program called 'Solist'.

paragraph: In 2012 Maniscalco recorded for ECM Records as drummer and co-leader of the trio Third Reel. Two years later, the same group, this time with Maniscalco on piano and drums, recorded "Many More Days" for ECM.

paragraph: Section::::Compositions.

paragraph: "As early influences on his compositional style he cites Carla Bley, Paul Motian and Charlie Haden."

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: An asterisk (*) indicates that the year is that of release.

wikidata_label: Emanuele Maniscalco

wikipedia_title: Emanuele Maniscalco


text:
baritone
singer
Royal Scottish Academy of Music & Drama
Carol Blaickner-Mayo
Curlew River
Edinburgh International Festival
Billy Budd
The Rape of Lucretia
Wiener Kammeroper
Strauss
Mozart
Landestheater Linz
Stadttheater Bern
Claudio Monteverdi
London College of Music
Frankfurt Opera House
Théâtre du Châtelet
Die Bassariden
Oper Leipzig
Theater Augsburg
Theatre de la Monnaie
Teatro Liceo
Edinburgh International Festival
The Lighthouse
Peter Maxwell Davies
La Monnaie
Muziektheater Transparant
Wintermärchen
Johan Thielemans
Wim Henderickx
Georg Büchner
Christian Henking
Heiner Müller
Luca Francesconi
Enda Walsh
Donnacha Dennehy
La Fura dels Baus
Wiener Festwochen
Cité de la Musique
Opéra de Lille
Holland Festival
Gulbenkian
Teatro Colón
Alexander Zemlinsky
Lyric Symphony
Moscow Symphony Orchestra
Magnificat
English Chamber Orchestra
Barbican
Hugo Wolf
Henry Purcell
Messiah
Carmina Burana
Deutsches Requiem
Das klagende Lied
Walter Courvoisier
Jeannine Hirzel
Edward Rushton
Janet Baker
Robin Adams

categories: Alumni of the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama,Living people,English operatic baritones

paragraph: Robin Adams

paragraph: Robin Adams is an English lyric baritone, a classical singer who has appeared in several major opera houses and concert halls.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Adams studied singing with Patricia MacMahon and Peter Alexander Wilson as well as piano and cello at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music & Drama in Glasgow and later on with Carol Blaickner-Mayo in Vienna. He won several awards and scholarships and started his career in 1996 singing the Ferryman in "Curlew River" by Benjamin Britten at the Edinburgh International Festival and at a Japan tour. Two other Britten roles – "Billy Budd" and Tarquinius in "The Rape of Lucretia" – paved his way to Glasgow and Vienna. Thereafter he was invited by the Wiener Kammeroper to sing in Strauss and Mozart productions.

paragraph: After his successful Malatesta debut at the Landestheater Linz in 1999, Adams was invited to join the ensemble of this traditional Austrian opera company. He remained in Linz for two years singing principal parts from all eras of opera history. In 2002, Adams was invited to Stadttheater Bern, he moved to Switzerland and stayed there till today. His repertoire is very broad, it reaches from Claudio Monteverdi to contemporary classical music to Operetta, Pop and Musical. In Bern he has been performing in leading opera roles, but has also succeeded with a program called "No opera allowed". He has taught singing at the "Swiss Musical Academy" as well as at the London College of Music and has also been invited to major opera houses of Europa and South America. At the Frankfurt Opera House he sang Traveller, Don Cassandro and Schaunard, at the Parisian Théâtre du Châtelet he debuted as Captain in "Die Bassariden" by Hans Werner Henze. At the Oper Leipzig he performed as Danilo and he is a frequent guest at the Theater Augsburg, the Theatre de la Monnaie in Bruxelles, the Teatro Liceo in Barcelone and the Edinburgh International Festival.

paragraph: As a noted performer of contemporary music, his appearances have included Blazes (in "The Lighthouse" by Peter Maxwell Davies) for La Monnaie and Muziektheater Transparant, as well as Antigonus and Pickpocket II (in Boesmans' "Wintermärchen") at the Liceu. He also took part in a series of world premieres:

paragraph: BULLET::::- in 2000 as Kunstenaar Beck in "Triumph of Spirit over Matter" by Johan Thielemans and Wim Henderickx for La Monnaie,

paragraph: BULLET::::- in 2004 as Leonce in "Leonce and Lena" by Georg Büchner and Christian Henking for Theater Bern,

paragraph: BULLET::::- in 2011 as Vicomte De Valmont in "Quartett" by Heiner Müller and Luca Francesconi at the Scala of Milano and

paragraph: BULLET::::- in 2015 as Husband in "The Last Hotel" by Enda Walsh and Donnacha Dennehy at the Edinburgh International Festival.

paragraph: The original "Quartett" production by La Fura dels Baus from La Scala was since seen at Wiener Festwochen in Vienna, at Cité de la Musique in Paris, at Opéra de Lille and at the Holland Festival. In 2015 the production was presented at the Gulbenkian in Lisboa. In June 2015, Adams sang this role also at the Teatro Colón in Buenos Aires.

paragraph: Adams is also active as a concert singer. He sang Alexander Zemlinsky's "Lyric Symphony" with the Moscow Symphony Orchestra, Bach's "Magnificat" with the English Chamber Orchestra at the Barbican in London and a recital of Hugo Wolf in Wolf's birth house. His concert repertoire also includes works by Henry Purcell, Handel's "Messiah", Orff's "Carmina Burana", Brahms' "Deutsches Requiem", as well as Bach Cantatas and Passions and Mahler's "Das klagende Lied".

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lieder und Klavierwerke by Walter Courvoisier", with Jeannine Hirzel (soprano) and Edward Rushton (piano accompaniment)

paragraph: Section::::Accolades.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Silver Medal of the Worshipful Company of the City of London

paragraph: BULLET::::- Countess of Munster Scholarship, dedicated by Dame Janet Baker

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lied Award of the Royal Academy

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Robin Adams, official website

wikidata_label: Robin Adams

wikipedia_title: Robin Adams


text:
Guangzhou
Hamburg
Rudolf von Laban
Folkwang University of the Arts
Laban
Nuremberg
1936 Summer Olympics
Luis Rauschhuber
Cologne

categories: Expressionist dancers,Laban Movement Analysis,Dance teachers,1902 births,German female dancers,People from Guangzhou,1989 deaths

paragraph: Greta Wrage von Pustau

paragraph: Greta Wrage von Pustau (2 August 1902 – 20 March 1989) was a Chinese-born German dancer and dance teacher.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Von Pustau was born on 2 August 1902 in Guangzhou. Her parents, Antonia and Alfred Julius Engelbrecht von Pustau, were merchants from Hamburg.

paragraph: In 1921 she married Klaus Wrage, a landscape painter. They had three children.

paragraph: Von Pustau studied dance under Rudolf von Laban in the 1920s. In 1932 she graduated from Folkwang University of the Arts and, in 1933, opened her own Laban dance school in Nuremberg. She performed Laban's original choreography in the 1936 Summer Olympics opening ceremony. In 1953 sculptor Luis Rauschhuber created a bust of her.

paragraph: Her work is archived at the German Dance Archives in Cologne.

description: German dancer

wikidata_label: Greta Wrage von Pustau

wikipedia_title: Greta Wrage von Pustau


text: South African

text: Port Elizabeth

text: Johannesburg

text: John Trengove

text: "The Wound"

text: London

text: Elton John

text: Beats 1

text: Madonna

text: "Madame X"

text: Alice

text: Eastern Cape

text: James Baldwin

text: homosexuality

text: Baptist Church

text: gay conversion therapy

text: God

text: Handel

text: Mozart

text: Bach

text: Marvin Gaye

text: O’Jays

text: George Michael

text: Radiohead

text: Leonard Cohen

text: TKZee

text: Brenda Fassie

text: Hugh Maskela

text: Thandiswa Mazwai

text: open-mic

text: Mali

text: Ali Farka Touré

text: pan-Africanism

text: West African

text: South African Music Awards

text: folk

text: Black Coffee

text: Proverbs

text: Ben Christophers

text: David Bowie

text: "Low"

text: Nina Simone

text: Clash Music

text: Q magazine

text: Anohni

text: Pitchfork

text: South African Music Awards

text: Stonewall Riots

text: LGBTQ rights movement

text: Queerty

text: equality

text: queer

text: John Trengove

text: ulwaluko

text: Xhosa

text: circumcision

text: patriarchy

text: Academy Awards

text: Durban International Film Festival

text: The Hollywood Reporter

text: The Playlist

text: John Cameron Mitchell

text: Barry Ronge Fiction Prize

text: Etisalat Prize for Fiction

paragraph: Nakhane

paragraph: Nakhane Mahlakahlaka (born Nakhane Lubabalo Mavuso, 3 February 1988) is a South African singer, songwriter, actor and novelist. Having grown up among a Christian community in Port Elizabeth, at 15 he moved to Johannesburg, leaving the church in 2013 and publicly celebrating his queerness with his debut album "Brave Confusion". He found both controversy and critical acclaim with his starring role in John Trengove’s 2017 feature film "Inxeba" ("The Wound"), and relocated to London to record and release 2018’s heavily autobiographical album "You Will Not Die". His work has been championed by Elton John, who interviewed Nakhane on his Beats 1 radio show, and Madonna, who cited him as one of her two favourite artists and said his music influenced her 2019 album "Madame X".

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Nakhane was born Nakhane Lubabalo Mavuso in Alice, a small rural town in South Africa’s Eastern Cape, raised by his grandmother until he was five years old. At seven he was adopted by his aunt, whom he has said is “to all intents and purposes” his mother, and her husband, growing up with them in Port Elizabeth, attending a racially-integrated school, where he learnt to speak English. A few years later he changed his surname to theirs, Mahlakahlaka, and, affirming a more distinctive identity, dropped his commonplace middle name.

paragraph: At 15 he moved to Johannesburg. Having known he was gay for a few years, at 17 he came out to his friends and cousins. At 18 he began reading the work of James Baldwin, strongly identifying with the black queer characters; Baldwin became a substantial influence. Nakhane studied two degrees at college – film music composition and action, then literature, leaving both after a year. At 19, an ex-girlfriend’s mother outed Nakhane to his aunt, who took him to prophets who encouraged him to renounce his homosexuality. Meeting a pastor’s son, he became devoutly religious, joined a conservative Baptist Church, regularly attended bible studies, undertook gay conversion therapy, and preached against homosexuality.

paragraph: Throughout five years of attempting to deny his homosexuality, during which time he would secretly visit gay clubs, he suffered guilt, fear and self-hatred. He began to doubt the existence of God, and at 25 had a breakdown, sleeping on sofas thanks to compassionate friends the church had told him to cut ties with. He extricated himself from the church and became more black-conscious.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.:Beginnings (1995-2007).

paragraph: Nakhane knew he wanted to be an artist after singing at a Christmas carol concert at the age of seven. His aunt was a classically trained opera singer and at home would play Handel, Mozart and Bach alongside Marvin Gaye and the O’Jays. At school Nakhane played piano, studied classical trombone, played in a wind band and a steel band, and sang in a choir. As a teenager he was inspired by George Michael’s music and unapologetic queerness, and was later influenced by Radiohead, Leonard Cohen, and South African acts such as TKZee, Brenda Fassie, Hugh Maskela and Thandiswa Mazwai. He worked part-time in a music shop, musically educating himself via the CDs he brought home.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.:Acoustic-guitar music and "Brave Confusion" (2007-2014).

paragraph: At 19 his aunt bought him an acoustic guitar and he began writing songs, performing in open-mic clubs and eventually getting signed, calling himself Nakhane Touré in tribute to Malian musician Ali Farka Touré and as an ode to pan-Africanism. His debut album, the acoustic guitar-driven "Brave Confusion", released on 29 July 2013, was influenced by Ali Farka Touré and West African music. Lyrically it explored race, religion and sexuality. In 2014, Nakhane won the Best Alternative Album award at the South African Music Awards. Although he had left the church, that night his pastor telephoned to tell him he was excommunicated.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.:Electronic music and "You Will Not Die" (2015-present).

paragraph: Disillusioned with the folk scene’s perceived authenticity, Nakhane began to gravitate towards a more electronic sound. In 2015, he had a club hit, "We Dance Again", with house DJ Black Coffee, then began writing his second album. Nearing his 30s and looking for closure, he wanted to end his 20s “on a positive note instead of an angry and bitter note”, the new songs inspired by his childhood, his family, and his leaving the church. With a new sense of freedom and self-ownership, he dropped his stage surname Touré, viewing "You Will Not Die" as a rebirth. The album title was taken from Proverbs 23:13, referring to child discipline: ‘If you punish them with the rod, they will not die.’

paragraph: Eschewing acoustic guitar, he wrote it on piano, recording 98% of it with producer Ben Christophers at the latter’s London studio; Nakhane settled in the city in February 2018. He wanted to work with electronic drums and synthesisers, and told Christophers he wanted the album to sound like the second side of David Bowie’s "Low", “but with the spirit of Nina Simone.” It was released on 16 March 2018. Clash Music called it ‘an incredibly beautiful document of self-acceptance, a soaring ode to self-worth, a blissful, remarkably assured piece of creativity.’ Q magazine wrote that it was a ‘remarkable’ album, ‘defiantly modern and unashamedly emotional.’ A deluxe edition, featuring the Anohni collaboration "New Brighton", was released in North America on 22 February 2019. Pitchfork wrote that the album was ‘an instant revelation on its own terms,’ calling it ‘strikingly intimate.’ In May 2019 it won Best Alternative Album at the South African Music Awards.

paragraph: In June 2019, to mark the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall Riots, sparking the start of the modern LGBTQ rights movement, Queerty named him one of the Pride50 “trailblazing individuals who actively ensure society remains moving towards equality, acceptance and dignity for all queer people”.

paragraph: Section::::Acting career.

paragraph: Following the release of "Brave Confusion", film director John Trengove contacted Nakhane, asking him if he’d consider making the music for his 2017 film "Inxeba" ("The Wound"). After they met, Trengove asked him if he’d audition to play the lead role of factory worker Xolani in the film, which deals with ulwaluko – an Xhosa initiation into manhood involving circumcision, which Nakhane had undertaken aged 20.

paragraph: Due to protests, intimidation and vandalism in response to the film in South Africa, many cinemas cancelled screenings. Having initially been classified as a 16LS, it was then reclassified as X18, a certification usually reserved for hardcore pornography. In response, on social media Nakhane wrote of homophobia, saying he refused ‘to live in shame for your patriarchy to keep on living.’ Following “an onslaught” of graphic death threats for his part in the film, he resolved to speak out in the media as much as possible. Despite media perception that he left South Africa because of the threats, he said that he moved to London in order to tour Europe less expensively, but admitted that ‘times were not necessarily nice for me in South Africa,’ and said the death threats made it hard to return to the Eastern Cape.

paragraph: The film was selected as the South African entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at 2018’s 90 Academy Awards, making the top-nine shortlist. Nakhane won awards for Best Actor at Durban International Film Festival, Palm Springs International Film Festival, South African Film And Television Awards, and . The Hollywood Reporter called his performance ‘an impressive screen debut.’ The Playlist wrote that he was ‘incredibly affecting as this quiet, secretive, lonely soul.’

paragraph: After watching "Inxeba" ("The Wound") and then listening to his music, John Cameron Mitchell cast Nakhane as Jairo, ‘a young man who struggles with a host of demons’, in 2019’s "Anthem: Homunculus" podcast musical.

paragraph: Section::::Writing.

paragraph: In 2015, Nakhane’s debut novel "Piggy Boy’s Blues" was published, set in his hometowns of Alice and Port Elizabeth and portraying a Xhosa royal family. It was nominated for the Barry Ronge Fiction Prize and the Etisalat Prize for Fiction.

description: South African singer-songwriter and actor

wikidata_label: Nakhane

wikipedia_title: Nakhane


text:
East Anglia
Edmund the Martyr
Æthelred
Viking
Guthrum
kingdom of England
Edward the Elder
bullion
pennies
moneyer
Cuerdale Hoard

categories: East Anglian monarchs,Anglo-Saxon warriors

paragraph: Oswald of East Anglia

paragraph: Oswald was king of East Anglia in the 870s after the death of Edmund the Martyr. No textual evidence of his reign is known, but some of his coins are known from the same period.

paragraph: Section::::Rule.

paragraph: Evidence suggests that during the period between the death of Edmund the Martyr and the return of Guthrum to East Anglia in 880, Oswald and Æthelred ruled the East Angles as client kings. It is possible that the East Anglian aristocracy had been almost, but not entirely, extinguished by the Viking attacks that resulted in Edmund's death, and that in the years when Oswald, Æthelred and Guthrum successively ruled the kingdom, there was a period of opposition or defiance against the Danish leadership. The Vikings ruled the East Angles from the accession of Oswald, until 920, when East Anglia was incorporated into the kingdom of England after the defeat of the Danes by Edward the Elder.

paragraph: Section::::Coinage.

paragraph: The existence of Oswald is known solely because of his coins.

paragraph: Coins and silver bullion was used throughout the period of the Viking attacks in East Anglia and the Vikings continued the Anglo-Saxon tradition of producing silver pennies, although at a reduced rate. Eight coins are known from the reigns of Æthelred and Oswald, whereas over two hundred are known to have been made by the moneyers of Oswald's predecessor, Edmund.

paragraph: A few coins bearing Oswald's name were found in the Cuerdale Hoard. The coins can be dated from the 870s to the 900s, following the death of Edmund the Martyr. One of the coins, produced by a moneyer whose name started "Beor...", is of the temple type: another has an "alpha", a common East Anglian design.

wikidata_label: Oswald of East Anglia

wikipedia_title: Oswald of East Anglia


text: Roman

text: gens Aquillia

text: consul

text: Manius Aquillius

text: Gaius Marius

text: Cimbri

text: consulship

text: slave revolt in Sicily

text: ovation

text: Lucius Fufius

text: Marcus Antonius

text: Asia Minor

text: Nicomedes IV of Bithynia

text: Mithridates VI of Pontus

text: First Mithridatic War

text: auxiliaries

text: Cilicia

text: Mytilene

text: Pergamon

text: Marcus Licinius Crassus

text: First Triumvirate

text: Life of Marius by Plutarch

text: Smith, William

text: "Aquillius (2)"

text: Boston

categories: Roman Republican consuls,Executed ancient Roman people,Senators of the Roman Republic,Aquillii,2nd-century BC Romans,1st-century BC executions,2nd-century BC births,People executed by torture,Ancient Roman generals,88 BC deaths

paragraph: Manius Aquillius (consul 101 BC)

paragraph: Manius Aquillius (died 88 BC), a member of the ancient Roman "gens Aquillia", was consul in 101 BC.

paragraph: Section::::Working for Marius.

paragraph: Probably a son of Manius Aquillius, consul in 129, Aquillius was a loyal follower of Gaius Marius. During the election campaign for Marius's fourth consulship, Aquillius was left in command of the army in case the migrating Cimbri attacked before Marius could return to command the army himself.

paragraph: Section::::Working for Marius.:Aquae Sextiae.

paragraph: Manius Aquillius played a major part during the battle of Aquae Sextiae. On the first day of battle Marius defeated the Ambrones. After defeating the Ambrones Marius had to wait for the Teutones to arrive. He used this time to sent Manius Aquillius with 4,000 troops across the river with the intention to fall on the barbarians from behind during the coming engagement. The following day, when the Teutones and Marius' legions had fully engagaged, Manius and his troops attacked the barbarians in the rear and caused a lot of confusion after which the battle became a rout.

paragraph: Section::::Consulship and Sicily.

paragraph: As a reward for his loyal services, Gaius Marius ran with Aquillius under a joint ticket for the consulship of 101. In gratitude for their victory against the Germans they were both elected. With Aquillius as Junior Consul and Marius as Senior Consul. During his consulship, with Rome struggling with a famine caused by the slave revolt in Sicily, Aquillius was sent to put it down. Aquilius completely subdued the insurgents and was rewarded an ovation in Rome in 100.

paragraph: In 98, Aquillius was accused by Lucius Fufius of maladministration in Sicily. In the trial, he was defended by Marcus Antonius the orator, the consul of 99. Even Gaius Marius came to show his support. Even if there was sufficient evidence of his guilt, he was acquitted because of his bravery in the war.

paragraph: Section::::Mithridates and death.

paragraph: In 90, Aquillius was sent as ambassador to Asia Minor to restore Nicomedes IV of Bithynia, who had recently been expelled from his kingdom by Mithridates VI of Pontus. However, after achieving this, Aquillius then encouraged Nicomedes to raid Pontic territory. This prompted a furious backlash from Mithridates in 89, whose counter-attack began the First Mithridatic War.

paragraph: Aquillius had marched the one "legion" of auxiliaries (4,000-6,000 men) then available in Asia province against Mithridates from the west while Quintus Oppius, the governor of Cilicia, had invaded with two legions from the south. Aquillius soon found out he was seriously outnumbered; at Lake Tatta he saw 100,000 Pontic infantry waiting for him. Mithridates' forces eventually tracked and defeated Aquillius near Protostachium. Aquillius fled and attempted to make his way back to Italy. He managed to make it to Lesbos, where he was delivered to Mithridates by the inhabitants of Mytilene. After being taken to the mainland, he was then placed on a donkey and paraded back to Pergamon. On the trip, he was forced to confess his supposed crimes against the peoples of Anatolia. Aquillius's father, the elder Manius Aquillius, was a former Roman governor of Pergamon and was hated for the egregious taxes that he imposed. It was generally thought that Manius Aquillius the younger would follow in the footsteps of his father as a tax profiteer and was hated by some of the local peoples.

paragraph: Aquillius was eventually executed by Mithridates by having molten gold poured down his throat. The method of execution became famous and, according to some unreliable accounts, was repeated by Parthian contemporaries to kill Marcus Licinius Crassus who was at the time the richest man in Rome and a member of the First Triumvirate.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Life of Marius by Plutarch

paragraph: BULLET::::- Smith, William (editor); "Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology", "Aquillius (2)", Boston, (1867)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mayor, Adrienne (2010). "The Poison King The Life and Legend of Mithradates", p. 166-171. Princeton University Press, New Jersey. .

description: 2nd and 1st-century BC Roman consul

wikidata_label: Manius Aquillius

wikipedia_title: Manius Aquillius (consul 101 BC)


text:
Hero of the Soviet Union
Georgia
Soviet Army
hoisted a Soviet
flag
Reichstag
Mikhail Yegorov
Alexei Berest
Jvari
kolkhoz
Red Army
World War II
150th Rifle Division
3rd Shock Army
1st Belorussian Front
M.A. Yegorov
Sukhumi
Communist Party of the Soviet Union
secessionist war
Abkhazia
Moscow
Hero of the Soviet Union
Order of Lenin
Order of the Red Banner
Order of the Patriotic War
Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima
Mikhail Minin
Reichstag
http://www.crwflags.com
Meliton Varlamovich Kantaria

categories: Soviet people of World War II,Military personnel from Georgia (country),Battle of Berlin,Recipients of the Order of Lenin,Heroes of the Soviet Union,1920 births,People of World War II from Georgia (country),1993 deaths,Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner,Mingrelians,People notable for being the subject of a specific photograph,People from Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti

paragraph: Meliton Kantaria

paragraph: Meliton Varlamis dze Kantaria or Kantariya (, ; 5 October 1920 – 27 December 1993), Hero of the Soviet Union (8 May 1946), was a Georgian sergeant of the Soviet Army credited to have hoisted a Soviet flag over the Reichstag on 30 April 1945, together with Mikhail Yegorov and Alexei Berest.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born to a peasant family in a small Georgian town of Jvari, he worked in a "kolkhoz" until being mobilized in the Red Army in 1940. During World War II, he served in the 756th Rifle Regiment, 150th Rifle Division, of the 3rd Shock Army at the 1st Belorussian Front. He is credited for having mounted a red banner, together with Sergeant M.A. Yegorov, over the Reichstag on 1 May 1945.

paragraph: Demobilized in 1946, he lived thereafter in Sukhumi working as a governmental shop manager. He joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1947. A year after the secessionist war in Abkhazia started, he moved with his family to Moscow where he died two months later in December 1993 in a Moscow hospital.

paragraph: Section::::Honours and awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hero of the Soviet Union

paragraph: BULLET::::- Order of Lenin

paragraph: BULLET::::- Order of the Red Banner

paragraph: BULLET::::- Order of the Patriotic War 1st class

paragraph: BULLET::::- campaign and jubilee medals

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mikhail Minin - according to later researches, the first flag raiser over the Reichstag

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- More details about the Banner of Victory at http://www.crwflags.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Meliton Varlamovich Kantaria

description: Hero of the Soviet Union

wikidata_label: Meliton Kantaria

wikipedia_title: Meliton Kantaria


text: St. John's

text: Newfoundland

text: Edward P. Morris

text: Saint Bonaventure's College

text: solicitor

text: called to the Bar

text: Newfoundland

text: Morris and Morris

text: Municipal Council

text: King's Counsel

text: Liberal Party

text: Maurice Fenelon

text: Speaker of the House

text: Bond

text: Cabinet

text: House of Assembly

text: Judge

text: Central District Court

text: Roman Catholic

text: Saint Bonaventure's College

text: St. John's Regatta

text: Newfoundland Horseman’s Association

text: Newfoundland Regiment

text: Order of the British Empire

text: Catholic Cadet Corps

text: Academia Institute

text: Benevolent Irish Society

categories: Speakers of the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly,Liberal Party of Newfoundland and Labrador MHAs,Newfoundland Colony people,1947 deaths,Dominion of Newfoundland judges,1862 births,Politicians from St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador,Dominion of Newfoundland politicians,Canadian Queen's Counsel,Canadian Members of the Order of the British Empire

paragraph: Francis Morris

paragraph: Francis J. Morris, (December 5, 1862 – February 12, 1947) was a Canadian solicitor and politician.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Francis J. Morris was born in St. John's, Newfoundland son of Catherine Fitzgerald and Edward Morris and brother of Edward P. Morris. Morris completed his schooling at Saint Bonaventure's College. Enrolled as a solicitor on November 29, 1886 he was called to the Bar of Newfoundland on November 21, 1867.

paragraph: Morris worked in the law firm Morris and Morris for many years and went on to become the solicitor for the St. John's Municipal Council, a position he held for 24 years. In 1902 he was named to the King's Counsel.

paragraph: In the November 6, 1889 Newfoundland general election, Morris ran for the Liberal Party in the two-member district of Harbour Main. Morris had defeated the incumbent Maurice Fenelon convincingly. Morris also won his second term in office in the 1893 election running in the same district of Harbour Main. In 1904 Morris was appointed as Speaker of the House, a position he held for the next four years even while his brother broke with the Bond government, resigned from the Cabinet and crossed the floor to sit with the opposition. Morris kept in political life until 1917 when he resigned from the House of Assembly to accept the appointment as Judge of the Central District Court.

paragraph: Morris was very influential in his many non political pursuits; he was a member of the Roman Catholic board of education for 28 years. During that time he was also a member of the board of governors for Saint Bonaventure's College. Morris was also an avid sports fan and was a member of the St. John's Regatta Committee for 38 years. He was also the first president of the Newfoundland Horseman’s Association. He chaired the recruiting committee for the Newfoundland Regiment from 1915 to 1918 and was awarded the Order of the British Empire in 1919 for his efforts.

paragraph: Morris was also the founding member of the Catholic Cadet Corps and of the Academia Institute, and a lifelong member of the Benevolent Irish Society.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of people of Newfoundland and Labrador

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of communities in Newfoundland and Labrador

description: Canadian politician

wikidata_label: Francis Morris

wikipedia_title: Francis Morris


text:
zoologist
herpetologist
Cartagena, Spain
Madrid
Pacific Scientific Commission
America
geography
childhood
youth
Valladolid
Sevilla
Natural Sciences
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
taxonomy
amphibians
Natural history
Natural Science Museum of Madrid
zoology
comparative anatomy
Mariano de la Paz Graells
Madrid
Botanical Garden
mammals
birds
reptiles
mara
Patagonia
South American condor
guanaco
zoos
bulletin
Universidad de Madrid
Thyroptera albiventer
bat
Lisbon
zoology
genera
species
subspecies
Rhinoderma darwinii
geography
Pero Tafur
Jesuit
Bernabé Cobo
Perú
Pedro Cieza de León
Bartolomé de las Casas
American Antiquarian Society
Brussels
Turín
Inca
comparative anatomy
Alessandro Malaspina
Francisco Giner de los Ríos
Zoology

categories: 1831 births,People from Cartagena, Spain,Spanish zoologists,Muisca scholars,1898 deaths

paragraph: Marcos Jiménez de la Espada

paragraph: Marcos Jiménez de la Espada (1831–1898) was a Spanish zoologist, herpetologist, explorer and writer, born in Cartagena, Spain, although he spent most of his life in Madrid, where he died. He is known for participating in the Pacific Scientific Commission, with whom he traveled America from 1862 to 1865. He also published several works on geography and history of the American continent.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: The son of a politician, Jiménez de la Espada had to move several times during his childhood and youth, studying in Valladolid, Barcelona and Sevilla.

paragraph: In 1850, he started a career in Natural Sciences in the Universidad Complutense de Madrid, finishing five years later with the work ""The Blainville Amphibians and the Cuvier Batracians form a class apart"". The study and taxonomy of the amphibians would be a recurring theme in his scientific work afterwards.

paragraph: Two years after earning his degree, he got his first job as an assistant in the Natural history department of the university. He also got another job in 1857, also as an assistant, in the Natural Science Museum of the Court (now Natural Science Museum of Madrid.) In both cases, his research work (which lasted 7 years) centered on zoology and comparative anatomy. However, it must be said that his positions at the museum were never very important (except at the end of his life), due to the fall from grace of his teacher and advisor, Mariano de la Paz Graells, in 1867.

paragraph: Section::::Scientific work.

paragraph: Section::::Scientific work.:Zoology.

paragraph: During all his American adventure, Jiménez de la Espada collected many kinds of animals that he not only studied, but also sent alive to Madrid. Before going on the expedition he worked several years in the preparation of foreign animals in the Botanical Garden of Madrid, always under Graells's tutelage. With the acquired experience, it was not hard for him to do the same with the many species of mammals, birds, and reptiles that, until then, had never been taken to Europe. (These include mara of Patagonia, the South American condor, and the guanaco.) Many descendants of this animals would later be given to European zoos, which would garner Jiménez the "First Class Medal of Mammal Division" by the "Société impériale zoologique d'acclimatation" of France, on 23 March 1866.

paragraph: He spent six years dedicated exclusively to the study and re-ordering of materials collected during the expedition, which he would include in his future works. In 1870, he published the article "Some new and curious facts about the Amazonian fauna" in a bulletin of the Universidad de Madrid. In this work, he described, among other things, the appearance and behavior of the Thyroptera albiventer bat. In 1871, he published the report "Unknown Species of Neo-tropical Fauna" in the Lisbon "Science Academy Journal", and that same year he founded, along with other colleagues, the Spanish Society of Natural History, where he would publish most of his further works.

paragraph: He was already a well-known author in Europe when he published his greatest work in the field of zoology: "Vertebrados del viaje al Pacifico. Batracios (Batrachians: Vertebrates from the trip to the Pacific)", written after the exhaustive study of 786 species collected during his trip. In the work, published in 1875 and re-printed in 1978, he described a total of 18 genera and species already known, as well as 2 genera, 12 species and 3 subspecies previously unknown at that time. The article not only described the species from an anatomical point of view, but also covered their biology and behavior. Most known is his conclusion about the frog "Rhinoderma darwinii", for which he debated the erroneous idea that its gestation process occurred in its mouth, as opposed to laying eggs which it later incubated in its mouth, as he proved. This complex study is considered, nowadays, a classic in zoological literature.

paragraph: Section::::Scientific work.:Geography, history, and anthropology.

paragraph: Despite being at the climax of his zoologist prestige, Jiménez de la Espada put his scientific work at hold and devoted himself to the study of geography and American history. In 1876, he founded the Geographic Society of Madrid, and in 1883, he entered the History Academy. From there, he directed the re-edition of works of great medieval and modern travelers like Pero Tafur and the Jesuit, Bernabé Cobo, and the works of pre-Hispanic Perú from Pedro Cieza de León and Bartolomé de las Casas. From 1881 to 1897 he published four volumes of his work "Geographic Relations of the Indies", which garnered him the Loubat prize from the History Academy. In 1882 he was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society.

paragraph: He participated in congresses in Brussels, Madrid, Turín, Berlin and Paris. His work in favor of the divulgation of the Inca culture won him the Gold Medal from the Government of Perú. He was also made a member of various international societies. In 1895, he was named president of the Spanish Society of Natural History, which he founded.

paragraph: Curiously, he did not present his doctoral thesis until April 1898, three months before he was named cathedratic of comparative anatomy and six months before his death. His death truncated the ample study that he was preparing about the maritime expedition of Alessandro Malaspina in the 18th century. Francisco Giner de los Ríos and other friends presented him as a symbol of Spanish scientific regenerationism during a posthumous ceremony in his honor.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zoology

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- This article draws heavily on the in the Spanish-language Wikipedia, which was accessed in the version of 6 December 2005

alias:
Espada
Marcos Jimenez de la Espada

description: Spanish zoologist, explorer, writer

wikidata_label: Marcos Jiménez de la Espada

wikipedia_title: Marcos Jiménez de la Espada


text:
Chinese:
Chinese
Qing Dynasty
Hangzhou
Nanjing
Eight Masters of Jinling
Jinling
Qing dynasty
Nanjing
Beijing
Gong Xian
Fan Qi
Zou Zhe
Wu Hong
Ming
Nankin
Nanjing
Gong Xian
Gong
Beijing
Berlin
Song
Yuan

categories: Artists from Hangzhou,Qing dynasty painters

paragraph: Gao Cen

paragraph: Gao Cen (Chinese: 高岑), courtesy name as Shanchang or Weisheng, is a famed Chinese painter active during the Qing Dynasty. A native Hangzhou, he lived in Jinling (now Nanjing) and was one of "Eight Masters of Jinling".

paragraph: Section::::Eight masters of Jinling.

paragraph: At the beginning the Qing dynasty was formed by a group of artists, called Eight masters of Jinling (current Nanjing). Junling was the most important city after Beijing. Many loyal supporters gathered for the foundation of Qing. Eight masters de Janling: Gong Xian, Fan Qi, Zou Zhe, Wu Hong, Hu Zao, Gao Cen, Ye Xin and Xie Sun, kept their fidelity mostly to Ming and expressed their feelings in their writings.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Gao Cen domiciled for the known part of his life in Nankin where he was considered as part of «Eight masters de Nanjing» as painter but also poet. He was good at painting flowers and landscapes. Number of his landscapes, as escaped Vision of the stony city, represent surroundings of Jinjing.

paragraph: There wasn't found the method of ink accumulation by Gong Xian; he used rather traditional linear methods. He was gifted for the drawing of outlines and employed job magnificently in the dry brush for the shade. Unlike Gong, most of his writings were accomplished in colour on silk.

paragraph: Section::::Museums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beijing (Museum of the imperial palace):

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vision fugitive of the stony city", section of a portable roll, inks and colour on silk, 36,3x701,8 cm

paragraph: BULLET::::- Berlin

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Paintings of landscapes", dated from 1672, ink and colours on paper, album of twelve canvases according to the masters Song and Yuan, inscription of the painter on the last canvas.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yang Xin, Richard M. Barnhart, Nie Chongzheng, James Cahill, Lang Shaojun, Wu Hung (trad. Nadine Perront), Trois mille ans de peinture chinoise, Arles, Éditions Philippe Picquier, 1997, 402 p. ( et 2877303411), p. 266, 267, 268

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dictionnaire Bénézit, Dictionnaire des peintres,sculpteurs, dessinateurs et graveurs, vol. 5, éditions Gründ, janvier 1999, 13440 p. (), p. 737

description: painter (1621-1691)

wikidata_label: Gao Cen

wikipedia_title: Gao Cen


text:
Qing Dynasty
Hangzhou
style name
pseudonym
Ding Jing
Southern School

paragraph: Xi Gang

paragraph: Xi Gang (); 1746-1803 was a renowned seal carver and painter in Qing Dynasty. He was born in Qiántáng (钱塘, present day Hangzhou). His style name was Chunzhang (纯章) and his pseudonym was Tiesheng (铁生). Other names include Hezhusheng (鹤注生) and Mengquan Waishi (蒙泉 外史). His specialty was in painting landscapes. His seal carving method was similar to that of Ding Jing (丁敬) (with whom he co-founded the Zhe School of carving), though somewhat cleaner and sharper. His style is representative of the Southern School. He was also talented in prose and calligraphy.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ci hai bian ji wei yuan hui (辞海编辑委员会）. Ci hai （辞海）. Shanghai: Shanghai ci shu chu ban she （上海辞书出版社）, 1979.

alias:
Chunzhang
Tiesheng
Mengquan waishi
Xi Gang

description: Qing Dynasty seal carver and painter

wikidata_label: Xi Gang

wikipedia_title: Xi Gang


text:
Chinese
Pinyin
Ming dynasty
Mengjin
Henan
sobriquet
Yan Zhenqing
Mi Fu

categories: Politicians from Luoyang,Qing dynasty poets,Qing dynasty painters,Ming dynasty poets,1652 deaths,Qing dynasty calligraphers,Ming dynasty calligraphers,Ming dynasty politicians,Ming dynasty painters,1592 births,Poets from Henan,Qing dynasty politicians from Henan,Painters from Henan

paragraph: Wang Duo (Ming dynasty)

paragraph: Wang Duo (Chinese: 王铎; Pinyin: Wáng Duó; 1592–1652), is a Chinese calligrapher, painter, and poet in Ming dynasty.

paragraph: Wang was born in Mengjin in the Henan province. His style name was 'Juesi' or 'Juezhi' and his sobriquets were 'Songqiao', 'Chi'an', or 'Yantan Yusou'. Wang's calligraphy followed the style of Yan Zhenqing and Mi Fu, utilizing refined strokes and perfect composition.

alias:
Sung-ch'iao Wang
De Wang
Yantanyusou
Juezhi Wang
Chio-ssu
Yen-t'an Y'u-sou
Taku Ō
王铎
To Wang
Shiqiao Wang
Chüeh-ssu Wang
Chi'an Wang
Chueh-ssu Wang
Meng-chin Wang
Chiqiao Wang
Juesi Wang
Songqiao Wang
Wang Do
Duo Wang
王鐸
Ch'ih-an Wang
Wen-an
Xueshan Wang
Mengjin Wang

description: Ming dynasty artist

wikidata_label: Wang Duo

wikipedia_title: Wang Duo (Ming dynasty)


text:
Ghent
Dirk II, Count of Holland
Arnulf of Flanders
Emperor Otto II
future Emperor Otto III
Egmond Abbey
Hillegersberg
Overschie
West-Frisians
Winkel
West-Friesland
Emperor Otto III
Emperor Henry II
Lutgard of Luxemburg
Siegfried, Count of Luxemburg
Count Dirk III
Adelina of Holland
Baldwin II, Count of Boulogne
Enguerrand I, Count of Ponthieu

categories: Counts of Holland,Burials at Egmond Abbey,993 deaths,Year of birth unknown,10th-century rulers in Europe,Counts of Frisia

paragraph: Arnulf, Count of Holland

paragraph: Arnulf, also known as "Aernout" or "Arnold" succeeded his father in 988 as Count in Frisia. He was born in 951 in Ghent and because of this he is also known as "Arnulf of Ghent". Arnulf was the son of Dirk II, Count of Holland and Hildegard, thought to be a daughter of Arnulf of Flanders.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Arnulf is first mentioned (together with his parents) in 970. Like his father, his name appears in numerous Flemish documents at the time. In 983 Arnulf accompanied Emperor Otto II and future Emperor Otto III on their journey to Verona and Rome. As count he managed to expand his territories southwards. Arnulf donated several properties to Egmond Abbey, amongst others Hillegersberg (which was previously called "Bergan", but renamed after Arnulf's mother) and Overschie, which may have been rewards for the land-clearing activities of the monks of Egmond.

paragraph: Arnulf was the first count to come into conflict with the West-Frisians and in 993 he invaded deep into their territory, but on 18 September of that year he was defeated and killed in a battle near Winkel in West-Friesland. His son Dirk was still a boy at this time, but Arnulf's widow Luitgard managed to retain the county for her son with support from first Emperor Otto III and later her brother-in-law, Emperor Henry II.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: In May 980 Arnulf married Lutgard of Luxemburg, a daughter of Siegfried, Count of Luxemburg. The couple had (at least) two sons; the future Count Dirk III and Siegfried (also known as "Sicco"). Arnulf, his wife and his sons were all buried at Egmond.

paragraph: He also had a daughter, Adelina of Holland, who was married to Baldwin II, Count of Boulogne and Enguerrand I, Count of Ponthieu.

paragraph: On 20 September 993 Liutgard donated her properties at Rugge to Saint Peter's abbey of Ghent for the soul of her husband. In June 1005 she made peace with the West-Frisians through mediation by Emperor Henry.

paragraph: Section::::References/Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cordfunke, "Graven en Gravinnen van het Hollandse Huis" (1986).

description: Count of Holland

wikidata_label: Arnulf, Count of Holland

wikipedia_title: Arnulf, Count of Holland


text: Uganda

text: Roman Catholic

text: martyr

text: Buganda

text: Christians

text: Mwanga II

text: Martyrs of Uganda

text: feast day

text: Ambrosio Kibuuka bio

categories: 1868 births,Executed Ugandan people,1886 deaths,19th-century Christian saints,People executed by Buganda,Converts to Roman Catholicism,19th-century executions by Uganda,Converts to Roman Catholicism from pagan religions,Ugandan Roman Catholic saints,19th-century Roman Catholic martyrs,Roman Catholic child saints,Executed children,People executed by Uganda by burning

paragraph: Ambrosio Kibuuka

paragraph: Ambrosio Kibuuka (1868 – June 3, 1886) was a Ugandan Roman Catholic martyred for his faith. He was born in Buganda. He was one of many Christians put to death by King Mwanga II between 1885 and 1887. His day of martyrdom was June 3, when he was burned alive, and when he is remembered as one of the Martyrs of Uganda's feast day.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ambrosio Kibuuka bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Uganda Martyrs from the August 2008 issue of "The Word Among Us" magazine

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ambrosio Kibuuka's profile from UgandaMartyrsShrine.org

description: Ugandan Roman Catholic martyr

wikidata_label: Ambrosio Kibuuka

wikipedia_title: Ambrosio Kibuuka