text: English

text: statistician

text: Guildford Grammar School

text: Magdalen Hall, Oxford

text: Lincoln College, Oxford

text: Robert Southey

text: Charles Abbot

text: Census Act

text: Great Britain

text: parish register

text: Caledonian Canal

text: Scotland

text: Great Glen

text: Thomas Telford

text: Fellow of the Royal Society

text: Lamb

text: "Life and Letters of John Rickman"

categories: 1771 births,English statisticians,British civil servants,Fellows of the Royal Society,People from Northumberland,Alumni of Lincoln College, Oxford,Alumni of Magdalen Hall, Oxford,1840 deaths

paragraph: John Rickman

paragraph: John Rickman (22 August 1771 – 11 August 1840) was an English government official and statistician of the early nineteenth century.

paragraph: He was born in Newburn, Northumberland, son of the Rev Thomas Rickman and educated at Guildford Grammar School, Magdalen Hall, Oxford and Lincoln College, Oxford. The poet Robert Southey was one of his friends.

paragraph: From 1799 to 1801 he edited the "Commercial, Agricultural, and Manufactures' Magazine" which published his article "On ascertaining the population" in 1800. An earlier version of this paper entitled "Thoughts on the Utility and Facility of a general enumeration of the People of the British Empire". Rickman, was living at Burton in Christchurch, in 1792, when he first published ‘Thoughts on the Utility and Facility . . . etc’. It was Christchurch’s MP George Rose who raised this in Parliament with the speaker Lord Colchester Charles Abbot, leading in 1800 to the Bill ‘An Act for taking an Account of the Population of Great Britain’.. Shortly after, in 1800, Abbot appointed Rickman his Private Secretary.

paragraph: Rickman is credited with drafting the first bill which became the 1800 Census Act, the full title of which was "An Act for taking an Account of the Population of Great Britain, and of the Increase or Diminution thereof", which became law in December 1800. Rickman was instrumental in carrying out the first four censuses of Great Britain, including not only a population count, but also the collection and analysis of parish register returns.

paragraph: Following Abbot's election to the post of Speaker of the House of Commons in February 1802, Rickman took the post of Speaker's Secretary, which he held until July 1814 when he was appointed Second Clerk Assistant at the Table of the House of Commons. He became Clerk Assistant in 1820, a post which he held to his death. It is often stated, but never the case that Rickman was Clerk of the House of Commons.

paragraph: Rickman served as Secretary to two Parliamentary Commissions established in 1803. The first for the making of roads and bridges in Scotland; the second for the construction of the Caledonian Canal through Scotland's Great Glen. The civil engineer Thomas Telford was amongst the commissioners on both these Commissions: John Rickman was a close friend of Telford, and was his executor, as well as the editor of Telford's autobiography.

paragraph: Besides Rickman's work on the census, he also collected and mustered other statistics. Between 1816 and 1836 he abstracted the poor rate returns for the Poor Law Committee; later he produced returns on Education for Lord John Russell's Education Committee and in 1839 he compiled a return of Local Taxation. In April 1815 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.

paragraph: The subtitle to Orlo William's biography of Rickman: "Lamb's Friend the Census Taker" under-emphasises his extensive parliamentary work.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- W. C. Rickman, "Biographical memoir of John Rickman, esq., F. R. S., &c. &c." (London, privately published, 1841).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Orlo Williams, "Life and Letters of John Rickman" (Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1912).

description: English statistician and civil servant

wikidata_label: John Rickman

wikipedia_title: John Rickman


text: American

text: comics artist

text: DC Comics

text: Marvel Comics

text: graphic novels

text: Eclipse Enterprises

text: Sabre: Slow Fade of an Endangered Species

text: Don McGregor

text: martial-arts

text: espionage

text: Master of Kung Fu

text: Youngstown, Ohio

text: Jim Steranko

text: Marvel Comics

text: Art Institute of Pittsburgh

text: Val Mayerik

text: Dan Adkins

text: East Liverpool, Ohio

text: Roy Thomas

text: penciling

text: Morbius, the Living Vampire

text: Adventure into Fear

text: cover-date

text: Mike Friedrich

text: inked

text: Jack Abel

text: Bob Brown

text: Daredevil

text: Hustler

text: Jim Steranko

text: martial artist

text: secret agent

text: Shang-Chi

text: Master of Kung Fu

text: Al Milgrom

text: Steve Englehart

text: Gerry Conway

text: Doug Moench

text: pulp fiction

text: Fu Manchu

text: British intelligence

text: Les Daniels

text: Comics Bulletin

text: Logan's Run

text: Western

text: The Rawhide Kid

text: graphic novel

text: Don McGregor

text: Heavy Metal

text: indicia

text: Don McGregor

text: Eclipse Books

text: Will Eisner

text: A Contract with God

text: trade paperback

text: Image Comics

text: Desperado Publishing

text: horror

text: Warren Publishing

text: Eerie

text: Vampirella

text: Eclipse Comics

text: Master of Kung Fu

text: Doug Moench

text: Epic Illustrated

text: Capital Comics

text: superhero

text: Nexus

text: Marvel Preview

text: Bizarre Adventures

text: Eclipse Comics

text: Eclipse Magazine

text: AC Comics

text: Black Diamond

text: Americomics

text: Femforce Special

text: Airboy

text: Valkyrie

text: Dark Horse Comics

text: DC Comics

text: Batman

text: Coldblood

text: Marvel Comics Presents

text: Batman

text: Terminator

text: Predator

text: Star Wars

text: Valiant Comics

text: DC Comics

text: Batman

text: Ra's al Ghul

text: Catwoman

text: Green Lantern: Dragon Lord

text: JSA: Classified

text: Acclaim Comics

text: Eternal Warrior

text: Turok, Dinosaur Hunter

text: Dark Horse Comics

text: Star Wars: Crimson Empire

text: Penthouse Comix

text: Shang-Chi

text: Marc Guggenheim

text: Squadron Supreme

text: Hyperion

text: Nighthawk

text: Cary Bates

text: True Believers

text: Portland, Oregon

text: Eagle Awards

text: Doug Moench

text: Inkpot Award

text: Eisner Award

text: Haxtur Award

text: Inkwell Awards

text: Doug Moench

text: The Rook

text: Star Wars

text: Mike Richardson

text: James Robinson

text: David de Vries

text: Batman

text: Batman vs. Predator

text: Catwoman

text: Ed Brubaker

text: Green Lantern

text: JSA Classified

text: Stuart Moore

text: Jonah Hex

text: Tom Strong

text: Steve Moore

text: Warren Ellis

text: Sabre

text: Don McGregor

text: Chuck Dixon

text: Epic Illustrated

text: Marvel Comics Presents

text: Coldblood

text: Shanna the She-Devil

text: Gerard Jones

text: Master of Kung Fu

text: Penance

text: Paul Jenkins

text: Squadron Supreme

text: Hyperion

text: Nighthawk

text: Marc Guggenheim

text: True Believers

text: Cary Bates

text: Six from Sirius

text: J. David Spurlock

text: Archived

text: Paul Gulacy

text: Paul Gulacy

categories: Art Institute of Pittsburgh alumni,Inkpot Award winners,20th-century American artists,DC Comics people,American comics artists,1953 births,21st-century American artists,Living people

paragraph: Paul Gulacy

paragraph: Paul Gulacy (born August 15, 1953) is an American comics artist best known for his work for DC Comics and Marvel Comics, and for drawing one of the first graphic novels, Eclipse Enterprises' 1978 "Sabre: Slow Fade of an Endangered Species", with writer Don McGregor. He is most associated with the 1970s martial-arts and espionage series, Marvel's "Master of Kung Fu".

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life and career.

paragraph: Paul Gulacy was raised in Youngstown, Ohio, and as a teen was inspired by art of Jim Steranko on Marvel Comics' "Nick Fury, Agent of S.H.I.E.L.D." He went on to study at the Art Institute of Pittsburgh. Fellow Youngstown resident Val Mayerik, a Marvel artist, introduced him to another local Marvel artist, Dan Adkins of East Liverpool, Ohio, for whom Gulacy would work as an assistant, and who suggested Gulacy prepare a six-page sample for Marvel. "He sent it to an editor named Roy Thomas", Gulacy recalled, "and two weeks later I got the phone call telling me I was hired."

paragraph: Gulacy's initial work as a Marvel freelancer was penciling the 15-page story "Morbius, the Living Vampire" in "Adventure into Fear" #20 (cover-dated Feb. 1974), written by Mike Friedrich and inked by Jack Abel. Following this came an inking assignment, over penciler Bob Brown on the superhero comic "Daredevil" #108 (March 1974). At some unspecified point during this time, Gulacy did a small amount of artwork for the pornographic magazine "Hustler", explaining that comics artist Jim Steranko, whom he had met through Adkins, had turned down what Gulacy called "a couple of jobs" and suggested Gulacy instead. "I did them. They offered me more and a lot of money, but I turned them down. ... I consider it a skeleton in my closet."

paragraph: In 1974, Gulacy began work on the character with which he became most associated, the philosophical martial artist and secret agent Shang-Chi, in the comic "Master of Kung Fu" (cover-billed as "The Hands of Shang-Chi: Master of Kung Fu") #18 (June 1974), inked by Al Milgrom. That initial story and one the next issue were written by Steve Englehart, but issue #20 (Sept. 1974), co-written by Gerry Conway and Doug Moench, and the same month's "Giant-Size Master of Kung Fu" #1, written by Moench, marked the beginning of a Moench–Gulacy collaboration on the increasingly complex, cinematic feature about the son of longtime pulp fiction supervillain Fu Manchu, who teams with British intelligence to bring down his father's labyrinthine plans for global domination. With some exceptions, the writer–penciler team would continue through a serialized arc to issue #50 (March 1977), culminating with the apparent death of Fu Manchu. Comics historian Les Daniels observed that, "Ingenious writing by Doug Moench and energetic art by Paul Gulacy brought "Master of Kung Fu" new life." In 2010, Comics Bulletin ranked Moench and Gulacy's work on "Master of Kung-Fu" sixth on its list of the "Top 10 1970s Marvels".

paragraph: In the later 1970s, Gulacy took on occasional other assignments, including the covers of the science fiction film adaptation "Logan's Run" #6 (June 1977) and of the Western "The Rawhide Kid" #147 (Sept. 1978), both for Marvel; and a 10-page preview of the graphic novel "Sabre: Slow Fade of an Endangered Species", with writer Don McGregor, in the comics-magazine "Heavy Metal" vol. 2, #2 (June 1978; mislabeled "vol. 3, #2" in indicia).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Graphic-novel pioneer.

paragraph: With writer Don McGregor, Gulacy created one of the first American modern graphic novels, Eclipse Books' "Sabre: Slow Fade of an Endangered Species". Published in August 1978—two months before Will Eisner's more famous graphic short story collection "A Contract with God"—it was the first graphic novel to be sold in the new "direct market" of comic-book stores. Described on the credits page as a "comic novel" (the term "graphic novel" not being in common usage at the time), the trade paperback was priced at a then-considerable $6.00. It helped prove the new format's viability by going into a February 1979 second printing. Eclipse would publish a 10th-anniversary edition (hardcover ; trade paperback ) with a new Gulacy cover. A 20th-anniversary edition was published by Image Comics in 1998, and a 30th anniversary edition by Desperado Publishing in 2009.

paragraph: In 1979 and 1980, Gulacy drew several horror/science fiction/fantasy stories for Warren Publishing's black-and-white comics magazines "Eerie", "Vampirella", and "Warren Presents"; some were reprinted in Eclipse Comics "Nightmares" #1–2 in 1985. Gulacy also drew the cover and the six-page story "Libido", written by his "Master of Kung Fu" colleague Doug Moench, in the comics magazine "Epic Illustrated" #3 (Fall 1980).

paragraph: Along with the covers for independent publisher Capital Comics' superhero title "Nexus" #1–2 (1981–1982), Gulacy drew covers and an occasional story for such anthology series as Marvel's "Marvel Preview" and "Bizarre Adventures" and Eclipse Comics' "Eclipse Magazine". In 1983, he drew several covers for independent AC Comics' "Black Diamond", "Americomics", "Starmasters", and "Femforce Special" before reteaming with Moench on the four-issue, creator-owned Epic Comics miniseries "Six from Sirius" (July–October 1984) and its four-issue sequel, "Six from Sirius II" (December 1985–March 1986).

paragraph: Through the remainder of the decade, he drew primarily for Eclipse (the company's revival of the 1940s series "Airboy" and a new spin-off, "Valkyrie") and Dark Horse Comics. Gulacy also began working for DC Comics with "Batman" #393–394 (March–April 1986), and the six-issue miniseries "Slash Maraud" (November 1987–April 1988), co-created with Moench. The two also collaborated on a series of eight-page chapters starring the superhero Coldblood which ran in the biweekly omnibus "Marvel Comics Presents" #26–25 (August–November 1989).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Later career.

paragraph: During the 1990s, Gulacy worked primarily on Batman and such science-fiction movie properties as "Terminator", "Predator", and "Star Wars", and co-created the Valiant Comics crime series "Grackle".

paragraph: Among the many titles Gulacy has drawn are the DC Comics "Batman", "" ("Batman: Prey"), "Batman: Outlaws", "Year One: Batman/Ra's al Ghul", "Catwoman", "Green Lantern: Dragon Lord" and "JSA: Classified"; Acclaim Comics' "Eternal Warrior" and "Turok, Dinosaur Hunter"; Dark Horse Comics' "Star Wars: Crimson Empire"; and Penthouse Comix's "Omni Comix".

paragraph: In 2002, he combined his interest in science fiction and spy stories in DC Comics' "S.C.I. Spy", and that same year returned to his signature character with his and Doug Moench's six-issue Marvel miniseries "Shang-Chi: Master of Kung Fu" (November 2002 – April 2003). Other Marvel work includes collaborations with writer Marc Guggenheim on the four-issue miniseries "Squadron Supreme: Hyperion vs. Nighthawk" (March–June 2007) and with writer Cary Bates on "True Believers".

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: As of 1989, Gulacy lived in Portland, Oregon, with his wife Valerie and their infant daughter Paige. In December 2008, he married wife Nanci. As of 2014 they remained married.

paragraph: Section::::Awards and nominations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1977: Winner of the Favourite Continued Comic Story Award at the Eagle Awards for "Master of Kung Fu" #48–51 with Doug Moench

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1977: Nominated for Favourite Comic Book Artist Award at the Eagle Awards

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1979: Winner of the Favourite Cover Award at the Eagle Awards for "Master of Kung" Fu #67

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1981: Winner of Inkpot Award

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988: Nominated for "Best Art Team" Eisner Award, for "Valkyrie", with Will Blyberg

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997: Winner of the Haxtur Award for "Best Artist"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997: Nominated of the Haxtur Award for "Best Long Story"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999: Nominated of the Haxtur Award for "Best Long Story"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003: Nominated of the Haxtur Award for "Best Cover"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2016: Nominated for All-in-One Award, Inkwell Awards

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: Comic books (interior pencil art) includes:

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Dark Horse Comics.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (with Doug Moench)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Rook" #1–2 (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Star Wars: Crimson Empire" (with Mike Richardson/Randy Stradley, 1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Star Wars: Crimson Empire II" (with Mike Richardson/Randy Stradley, 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (pencils, with James Robinson, 1991)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Thing from Another World: Eternal Vows" (with David de Vries, 1993)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:DC Comics.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Batman" #393–394 (with Doug Moench, 1986)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" #11–15, 137–141 (with Doug Moench, 1990–2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Batman: Outlaws" (with Doug Moench, 2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Batman vs. Predator II: Bloodmatch" #1–4 (with Doug Moench, 1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Catwoman" vol. 3 #25–40 (with Ed Brubaker, 2004–2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Green Lantern: Dragon Lord" (with Doug Moench, 2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "JSA Classified" #10–13 (with Stuart Moore, 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jonah Hex" vol. 2 #12 (with Justin Gray/Jimmy Palmiotti, 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Slash Maraud" #1–6 (with Doug Moench, 1987–1988)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:DC Comics.:America's Best Comics.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tom Strong" #34 (with Steve Moore and inks by Jimmy Palmiotti, 2006)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:DC Comics.:Vertigo.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sci-Spy" #1–6 (mini-series) (writer/artist, with co-author Doug Moench, 2002)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:DC Comics.:WildStorm.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Reload" (pencils, with Warren Ellis, 2003)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Eclipse Comics.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sabre" (with Don McGregor, 1978)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Valkyrie" #1–3 (mini-series, with Chuck Dixon, 1988)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Marvel Comics.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Conan: The Skull of Set" (graphic novel, with Doug Moench, 1989)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Epic Illustrated" #3 ("Libido" short story with Doug Moench, 1980)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Marvel Comics Presents" (Coldblood feature) #26–35 (with Doug Moench); (Shanna the She-Devil feature) #68–77 (with Gerard Jones, 1989–1991)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Master of Kung Fu" #18–20, 22, 25, 29–31, 33–35, 38–40, 42–50; "Giant-Size" #1–3 (with Doug Moench, 1974–1976)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Master of Kung Fu" vol. 2 #1–6 (with Doug Moench, 2002–2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Penance: Relentless" (with Paul Jenkins, 2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Squadron Supreme: Hyperion vs. Nighthawk" #1–4 (with Marc Guggenheim, 2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "True Believers" #1–5 (mini-series) (with Cary Bates, 2008)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Marvel Comics.:Epic Comics.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Six from Sirius" #1–4 (with Doug Moench, 1984)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Six from Sirius II" #1–4 (with Doug Moench, 1986)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.:Books and compilations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Spies, Vixens, and Masters of Kung Fu: The Art of Paul Gulacy" edited by Michael Kronenberg and J. David Spurlock, 128 pages, Vanguard Press, November 2005,

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Archived from the original on April 5, 2005.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paul Gulacy at Marvel.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paul Gulacy at the Unofficial Handbook of Marvel Comics Creators

description: American comic book illustrator

wikidata_label: Paul Gulacy

wikipedia_title: Paul Gulacy


text: Italian

text: Santo Stefano Belbo

text: province of Cuneo

text: Turin

text: Liceo Classico Massimo d'Azeglio

text: Augusto Monti

text: University of Turin

text: Walt Whitman

text: Leone Ginzburg

text: Natalia Ginzburg

text: Carlo Ginzburg

text: antifascist

text: Carlo Levi

text: Giulio Einaudi

text: asthma

text: Casale Monferrato

text: Fernanda Pivano

text: Spoon River Anthology

text: World War II

text: Italian Communist Party

text: L'Unità

text: Constance Dowling

text: barbiturates

text: Strega Prize

text: Leslie Fiedler

text: Hart Crane

text: The Moon and the Bonfires

text: Louise Sinclair

text: Peter

text: Langhe

text: The Moon and the Bonfires

text: Geoffrey Brock

text: Copper Canyon Press

text: Linh Dinh

categories: Mythopoeic writers,1908 births,Barbiturates-related deaths,20th-century Italian novelists,20th-century British male writers,Communist writers,Italian resistance members,1950 deaths,Italian anti-fascists,Writers who committed suicide,Italian translators,Strega Prize winners,Italian Communist Party politicians,Italian communists,Communist poets,Poets who committed suicide,Italian literary critics,Male suicides,Italian male short story writers,People from the Province of Cuneo,Drug-related suicides in Italy,20th-century Italian poets,Literary critics who committed suicide,20th-century translators,People from Turin,University of Turin alumni,Italian male novelists,20th-century Italian politicians,Marxist journalists,Italian male poets

paragraph: Cesare Pavese

paragraph: Cesare Pavese (; 9 September 1908 – 27 August 1950) was an Italian poet, novelist, literary critic and translator. He is widely considered among the major authors of the 20th century in his home country.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Cesare Pavese was born in Santo Stefano Belbo, in the province of Cuneo. It was the village where his father was born and where the family returned for the summer holidays each year. He started infant classes in Santo Stefano Belbo, but the rest of his education was in schools in Turin.

paragraph: He attended Liceo Classico Massimo d'Azeglio in Turin for his sixth form/senior high school studies. His most important teacher at the time was Augusto Monti, writer and educator, whose writing style attempted to be devoid of all rhetoric.

paragraph: As a young man of letters, Pavese had a particular interest in English-language literature, graduating from the University of Turin with a thesis on the poetry of Walt Whitman. Among his mentors at the university was Leone Ginzburg, expert on Russian literature and literary critic, husband of the writer Natalia Ginzburg and father of the future historian Carlo Ginzburg. In those years, Pavese translated both classic and recent American and British authors that were then new to the Italian public.

paragraph: Section::::Arrest and conviction; the war in Italy.

paragraph: Pavese moved in antifascist circles. In 1935 he was arrested and convicted for having letters from a political prisoner. After a few months in prison he was sent into ""confino"", internal exile in Southern Italy, the commonly used sentence for those guilty of lesser political crimes. (Carlo Levi and Leone Ginzburg, also from Turin, were similarly sent into "confino".) A year later Pavese returned to Turin, where he worked for the left-wing publisher Giulio Einaudi as editor and translator. Natalia Ginzburg also worked there.

paragraph: Pavese was living in Rome when he was called up into the fascist army, but because of his asthma he spent six months in a military hospital. When he returned to Turin, German troops occupied the streets and most of his friends had left to fight as partisans. Pavese fled to the hills around Serralunga di Crea, near Casale Monferrato. He took no part in the armed struggle taking place in that area. During the years in Turin, he was the mentor of the young writer and translator Fernanda Pivano, his former student at the Liceo D'Azeglio. Pavese gave her the American edition of "Spoon River Anthology", which came out in Pivano's Italian translation in 1943.

paragraph: Section::::After the war.

paragraph: After World War II Pavese joined the Italian Communist Party and worked on the party's newspaper, "L'Unità". The bulk of his work was published during this time. Toward the end of his life, he would frequently visit Le Langhe, the area where he was born, where he found great solace. Depression, the failure of a brief love affair with the actress Constance Dowling, to whom his last novel and one of his last poems ("Death will come and she'll have your eyes") were dedicated, and political disillusionment led him to his suicide by an overdose of barbiturates in 1950. That year he had won the Strega Prize for "La Bella Estate", comprising three novellas: 'La tenda', written in 1940, 'Il diavolo sulle colline' (1948) and 'Tra donne sole' (1949).

paragraph: Leslie Fiedler wrote of Pavese's death "...for the Italians, his death has come to have a weight like that of Hart Crane for us, a meaning that penetrates back into his own work and functions as a symbol in the literature of an age." The circumstances of his suicide, which took place in a hotel room, mimic the last scene of "Tra Donne Sole" ("Among Women Only"), his penultimate book. His last book was 'La Luna e i Falò', published in Italy in 1950 and translated into English as "The Moon and the Bonfires" by Louise Sinclair in 1952.

paragraph: He was an atheist.

paragraph: Section::::Themes in Pavese's works.

paragraph: The typical protagonist in the works of Pavese is a loner, through choice or through circumstances. His relationships with men and women tend to be temporary and superficial. He may wish to have more solidarity with other people, but he often ends up betraying his ideals and friends; for example in "The Prison", the political exile in a village in Southern Italy receives a note from another political "confinato" living nearby, who suggests a meeting. The protagonist rejects a show of solidarity and refuses to meet him. The title of the collection of the two novellas is "Before the Cock Crows", a reference to Peter's betrayal of Christ before his death.

paragraph: The Langhe, the area where he spent his summer holidays as a boy, had a great hold on Pavese. It is a land of rolling hills covered in vineyards. It is an area where he felt literally at home, but he recognised the harsh and brutal lives that poor peasants had making a living from the land. Bitter struggles took place between Germans and partisans in this area. The land became part of Pavese's personal mythology.

paragraph: In "The Moon and the Bonfires", the protagonist tells a story of drinking beer in a bar in America. A man comes in whom he recognizes as being from the valleys of Le Langhe by his way of walking and his outlook. He speaks to him in dialect suggesting a bottle of their local wine would be better than the beer. After some years in America, the protagonist returns to his home village. He explores Le Langhe with a friend who had remained in the area. He finds out that so many of his contemporaries have died in sad circumstances, some as partisans shot by the Germans, while a notable local beauty had been executed by partisans as a fascist spy.

paragraph: Section::::Books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lavorare stanca" (Hard Labor), poems 1936; expanded edition 1943.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Paesi Tuoi" (Your Villages), novel 1941.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Spiaggia" (The Beach), novel 1941.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Feria d'agosto" (August Holiday) 1946.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Il Compagno" (The Comrade), novel 1947.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dialoghi con Leucò" (Dialogues with Leucò), philosophical dialogues between classical Greek characters, 1947.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Il diavolo sulle colline" (The Devil in the Hills), novel 1948.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Prima che il gallo canti" (Before the Cock Crows), two novellas. "La casa in collina" (The House on the Hill) and "Il carcere" (The Prison), 1949.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La bella estate" (The Fine Summer), three novellas including "Tra donne sole" (Women on Their Own), 1949.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La luna e i falò" (The Moon and the Bonfires), novel 1950.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Verrà la morte e avrà i tuoi occhi" (Death Will Come and Have your Eyes), poems, 1951.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Il mestiere di vivere: Diario 1935–1950", "The Business of Living: Diaries 1935–1950" (published in English as "The Burning Brand"), 1952

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Saggi Letterari", literary essays.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Racconti", – two volumes of short stories.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lettere 1926–1950", – two volumes of letters.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Disaffections: Complete Poems 1930–1950", translated by Geoffrey Brock. (Copper Canyon Press, 2002)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cesare Pavese poems translated into English by Linh Dinh. "Milk Magazine"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Of Sea and Words and Toil: The Poetry of Cesare Pavese by Olivier Burckhardt, "Quadrant". 48:7/8, (2004) 82–85

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cesare Pavese and America: Life, Love, and Literature by Lawrence G. Smith

description: Italian poet, novelist, literary critic, and translator

enwikiquote_title: Cesare Pavese

wikidata_label: Cesare Pavese

wikipedia_title: Cesare Pavese


text: fifer

text: George Washington

text: American Revolutionary War

text: Isaac Greenwood

text: Northwestern University

text: Boston Massacre

text: Falmouth, Maine

text: Battles of Lexington and Concord

text: Battle of Bunker Hill

text: History of Dentistry

text: Greenwood Family Crest

paragraph: John Greenwood (dentist)

paragraph: Dr. John Greenwood (May 17, 1760 – November 16, 1819) was an American fifer and dentist, serving as George Washington's personal dentist. He was responsible for designing Washington's famous dentures, which were not wood but carved from hippopotamus tusk. He invented the first known "dental foot engine" in 1790.

paragraph: Greenwood served as a fifer during the American Revolutionary War at sixteen years of age. He served twenty months in Captain Theodore Bliss's company of the 26th Massachusetts Regiment, playing the fife in the Continental Army from 1775 to 1778. He was the grandson of Isaac Greenwood, a mathematics professor at Harvard, and son of Isaac Greenwood, the first native-born American dentist.

paragraph: A letter from John Greenwood to Lt. General George Washington on his denture charges, dated 1799, is in the A.D. Black History of Dentistry Collection at Northwestern University.

paragraph: Section::::American Revolutionary War.

paragraph: Greenwood was born on May 17, 1760 in Boston, and lived there for most of his early life. Living a “troubled” childhood, Greenwood had become close friends with Samuel Maverick, a seventeen-year-old victim of the Boston Massacre. He was excited by the musical sounds of the British regulars which had occupied Boston and later learnt to play several tunes on the fife. At sixteen, however, he was sent to Falmouth, Maine, to live with his uncle.

paragraph: On April 19, 1775, the first shots of the American Revolutionary War were fired at the Battles of Lexington and Concord. In May, Greenwood heard the news and alone walked from Falmouth to Boston, occasionally stopping at taverns to play music for soldiers. Writing in his autobiography, he claimed that when he was asked what he was doing he said, “I was going to fight for my country”. He was thus encouraged to enlist in the army for eight dollars a month.

paragraph: A few months later in June, the Americans had lost the Battle of Bunker Hill and the British were able to establish encampments in that area north of Charlestown. Greenwood had heard of this whilst walking through Cambridge, west of the battle. He witnessed struggling wounded men returning to Cambridge on foot, which discouraged him from continuing any more service. He was, however, encouraged to continue after apparently witnessing a wounded Negro, who planned to return to battle after fixing his injuries.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Music book given to John Greenwood, ca. 1780 | New-York Historical Society Digital Collections

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of Dentistry at Dr. Juggles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Greenwood Family Crest

description: American fifer and dentist

wikidata_label: John Greenwood

wikipedia_title: John Greenwood (dentist)


text:
Khan of the Golden Horde
Shadi Beg
Edigu
Mongol
Muslim
Emir
White Horde
Genghis Khan
Jochi
Orda Khan
Köchü
Bayan
Sasibuqa
Ilbasan
Chimtay
Urus
Temur-Malik
Shadi Beg
List of Khans of the Golden Horde

categories: 15th-century monarchs in Asia,15th-century monarchs in Europe

paragraph: Pulad

paragraph: Pulad was a Khan of the Golden Horde for three years (1407-1410), in the waning days of the khanate.

paragraph: Having dethroned his predecessor Shadi Beg (with the help of Edigu, the Mongol Muslim Emir of the White Horde), he was dethroned three years later. Pulad died without any known children.

paragraph: Section::::Genealogy.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Genghis Khan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jochi

paragraph: BULLET::::- Orda Khan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sartaqtay

paragraph: BULLET::::- Köchü

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bayan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sasibuqa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ilbasan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chimtay

paragraph: BULLET::::- Urus

paragraph: BULLET::::- Temur-Malik

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shadi Beg

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pulad

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Khans of the Golden Horde

wikidata_label: Pulad

wikipedia_title: Pulad


href: Meiningen Vienna

text: Meiningen Vienna

categories: German male painters,Austrian male painters,Austrian landscape painters,18th-century German painters,18th-century Austrian painters,Artists from Meiningen,1802 deaths,1749 births,19th-century German painters,19th-century Austrian painters,Austrian people of German descent

paragraph: Johann Ziegler

paragraph: Johann Andreas Ziegler (11 July 1749 – 18 March 1802) was a German and Austrian painter and copperplate engraver.

paragraph: Ziegler was born in Meiningen, and painted primarily landscapes. He traveled Austria and produced a collection of works depicting views of Vienna.

paragraph: Ziegler committed suicide in Vienna.

alias:
Johann Andreas Ziegler
ziegler johann
ziegler
johann ziegler
j. ziegler
Zeigler

description: German painter

wikidata_label: Johann Ziegler

wikipedia_title: Johann Ziegler


text: Documenta 5

text: Documenta 5

text: Kunsthalle Düsseldorf

text: Museum Haus Lange

text: Sprengel Museum

text: Musée des Beaux-Arts

text: Lehmbruck Museum

text: Weserburg

text: Von der Heydt Museum

text: Museum Küppersmühle

text: National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo

text: Museum of Modern Art, Kamakura & Hayama

text: CAFA

text: Peking

text: Museo Reina Sofía

text: Museum Ludwig

text: Martin-Gropius-Bau

text: Neue Nationalgalerie

text: Berlin

text: Lehmbruck Museum

text: Kehrer

text: Neues Museum

text: Von der Heydt-Museum

text: Richard Milazzo

text: Museum Küppersmühle

text: Kehrer

text: Art in America

text: Renaissance

text: abstract art

text: David Smith

text: Neue Nationalgalerie

text: Museum Ludwig

text: Städel Museum

text: Staatsgalerie Stuttgart

text: Kunstmuseen Krefeld

text: Lehmbruck Museum

text: Kunstmuseum Bonn

text: Sprengel Museum

text: Weserburg

text: Kunsthalle Mannheim

text: Kunstmuseum Düsseldorf

text: Museum Küppersmühle für Moderne Kunst

text: The Museum of Modern Art

text: Busch-Reisinger Museum

text: Centre Pompidou

text: Musée des Beaux Arts, Calais

text: FRAC Collection

text: National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo

text: Japanese Sword Museum

text: Museum of Modern Art, Kamakura & Hayama

text: The Museum of Modern Art, Gunma

text: Keio University

text: China Academy of Art

text: National university

text: Seoul

text: Düsseldorf

text: Hayama

text: Villa Romana prize

text: Artist's website

categories: German artists,Living people,Keio University faculty,1952 births

paragraph: Abraham David Christian

paragraph: Abraham David Christian (born 1952) is a German sculptor.

paragraph: Section::::Life and work.

paragraph: Abraham David Christian is among the most renowned artists of his generation. Since his participation at the Documenta 5, his work has been widely shown internationally. Christian's sculptures were included in Documenta 5, when he was only nineteen years old, and he had his first one-person show at the Kunsthalle Düsseldorf, in 1973. Abraham David Christian was invited to participate in documenta 6 in 1977, but rejected this invitation. His work was included again in Documenta 7 in 1982.

paragraph: After his first inclusion in Documenta, in 1972, he went on to have one-person exhibitions at the Museum Haus Lange, Krefeld (1978), at the Kunstmuseum, Düsseldorf (1983), at the Sprengel Museum, Hannover (1985, 1994), at the Musée des Beaux-Arts, Calais (1988) and at the Tallinna Kunstihoone, Estonia (1998). The Wilhelm Lehmbruck Museum, Duisburg exhibited 2000 his drawings and sculptures in an important international presentation. This exhibition was accompanied by a book published by DuMont Verlag, Cologne. Exhibitions at the Weserburg Museum für moderne Kunst Bremen and at the Von der Heydt Museum in Wuppertal followed in 2003/2004. Kehrer Verlag in Heidelberg published a book for these exhibitions. An extensive collection of works by the artist were shown in the exhibition 'Abraham David Christian – 道 – The Way' 2010 at the Museum for Modern and Contemporary Art, Museum Küppersmühle Duisburg. The book for this exhibition was published by Kerber Verlag (Bielefeld-Leipzig-Berlin).

paragraph: Abraham David Christian's work was shown at the National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo, at the Museum of Modern Art, Kamakura & Hayama, Hayama, at the CAFA Art Museum in Peking, at the National Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art, Seoul, at the Museo Reina Sofía, Madrid, at the Museum Ludwig, Cologne, at the Martin-Gropius-Bau Berlin and at the Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin . He has also had one-person exhibitions in such galleries as Gallery m, Bochum (1979, 1986), Gallery Friedrich, Bern (1980, 1992), Gatodo Gallery, Tokyo (1986, 1988), Diane Brown Gallery, New York (1987), Elke Dröscher Gallery, Hamburg (1990), "Shigeru Yokota Gallery" Tokio (1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019), James Corcoran Gallery, Santa Monica (1992), Herbert Meyer-Ellinger Gallery, Frankfurt (1993), Annina Nosei Gallery, New York (1999), Michael Haas Gallery, Berlin (2002), Gallery Löhrl, Mönchengladbach (2006), Gallery Utermann, Dortmund (1993, 2009, 2011, 2012), Gallery Rothamel, Erfurt/Frankfurt (2008, 2010), GALERiARTiST Istanbul (2011), annex14 Bern (2012), Sabine Schmidt Gallery, Cologne (2012), GALERiARTiST Ankara (2012), André Kirbach Gallery, Düsseldorf (2014, 2015), Susanne Albrecht Gallery, Berlin (2017), Gallery Scheffel, Bad Homburg (2018), annex14, Zurich (2018), Gallery Haas, Zurich (2018), "Michael Haas Galerie", "Kunst Lager Haas " Berlin (2019). His work is included in many important public and private collections in Europe, Asia and America, including the Grothe Collection in Berlin and the Ströher Collection in Duisburg.

paragraph: Important book publications include '[Selbst] Abraham David Christian' (Museum Haus Lange, Krefeld, 1978); 'Abraham David Christian; Forty Years of Work' (Sprengel Museum Hannover 1985), 'Abraham David Christian, Mississippi' (Tallinna Kunstihoone, Tallinn, Estonia, 1998); 'Abraham David Christian, La Salle des Pieds Perdus': Drawing / Zeichnung (Edgewise Press, New York, April 1999); 'Abraham David Christian, Nebraska' (Kulturzentrum Sinsteden, Rommerskirchen, 2000); 'Abraham David Christian, THE WAYS OF THE WORLD' (Wilhelm Lehmbruck Museum Duisburg, 2000) published by DuMont Verlag, Cologne, 'Abraham David Christian, Bronze Sculptures' (Kehrer, Heidelberg, 2003). Another important monograph on his work was published by Kehrer in 2003, in conjunction with his museum exhibition, 'Abraham David Christian. The Language of Man', at the Neues Museum Weserburg Bremen and Von der Heydt-Museum Wuppertal in 2004, with essays by Thomas Deecke, Peter Friese, Hans-Jürgen Heinrichs and Richard Milazzo. In 2006, Christian published "Along the Hudson", a book of drawings, with Tokyo Publishing House. 2010 the book for the exhibition 'Abraham David Christian – 道 – The Way' 2010 at the Museum for Modern and Contemporary Art, Museum Küppersmühle Duisburg was published by Kerber Verlag (Bielefeld-Leipzig-Berlin). 'Abraham David Christian, SchwarzWald' was published by Tokyo Publishing House in 2015. 'Abraham David Christian, Silva Nigra' was published by Kehrer, Heidelberg, 2016.

paragraph: The June 2001 issue of Art in America, featured an article by Janet Koplos on his work. Abraham David Christian has been described as an "international artist whose work cannot be confined to any one country or defined by any one culture. Geometrical and shape-of-life forms reference the traditions of Eastern, Western, African and American cultures, even as they remain perfectly unique unto themselves. His paper and bronze sculptures convene the spirits of Renaissance art (Donatello and Michelangelo), the Classical abstract art of the avantgarde in the twentieth century (Giacometti, Brancusi, and David Smith), the most (so-called) ‘primitive’ objects from the smallest villages in Africa, and the most (so-called) ‘refined’ goddess or Buddha from India, Southeast Asia, or Japan. It is work that is both irrepressible and restrained, libidinal and Minimal, fragile and, of late, monumental. Before the term ‘multicultural’ ever existed, Christian's sculptures and drawings took for their most basic premises the ‘language [or languages] of man’ and the ‘ways of the world.’

paragraph: Work by the artist is represented in permanent collections worldwide, including the Neue Nationalgalerie, Berlin, the Museum Ludwig, Cologne, the Städel Museum, Frankfurt, the Staatsgalerie Stuttgart, the Kunstmuseen Krefeld, the Wilhelm Lehmbruck Museum Duisburg, the Kunstmuseum Bonn, the Sprengel Museum Hannover, the Weserburg Museum für moderne Kunst Bremen, the Kunsthalle Mannheim, the Kunstmuseum Düsseldorf, the Museum Küppersmühle für Moderne Kunst Duisburg, The Museum of Modern Art New York City, the Busch-Reisinger Museum Cambridge, MA, the Centre Pompidou Paris, the Musée des Beaux Arts, Calais, the FRAC Collection, France, the National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo, the Japanese Sword Museum Tokyo, the Tokyo Bijutsu Club, Tokyo, the Museum of Modern Art, Kamakura & Hayama, Fukuyama Museum of Art, Fukuyama, The Museum of Modern Art, Gunma, Takasaki and in company collections including the Fuji Xerox Collection, Tokyo, the Obayashi Corporation Collection, Tokyo, the Sammlung Nationalbank, Essen, the Sammlung Deutsche Bank, Frankfurt/M, the Munich Re Art Collection, Munich.

paragraph: Abraham David Christian has lectured at Keio University, Tokyo; Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi-Shi, Japan; China Academy of Art, Hangzhou, China; the National university, Seoul, Korea; and extensively in Europe and the United States.

paragraph: Abraham David Christian lives and works in New York City, Düsseldorf and Hayama, Japan.

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1978 Villa Romana prize

paragraph: Section::::Literature.

paragraph: BULLET::::- documenta 5 Befragung der Realität – Bildwelten heute; Bd 1: (Information); Bd 2: (Exhibition catalogue); Kassel 1972

paragraph: BULLET::::- documenta 7 Kassel ; Bd. 1: (Biographies of the artists); Bd. 2: (Exhibition catalogue); Kassel 1982

paragraph: BULLET::::- Storck, Gerhard (Editor); [Selbst]; ABRAHAM DAVID CHRISTIAN; Museum Haus Lange, Krefeld, Exhibition catalogue, [Selbst] ABRAHAM DAVID CHRISTIAN, Haus Lange Krefeld, 29. – 19 January. March 1978; Krefeld 1978

paragraph: BULLET::::- Honisch, Dieter (Editor); "Kunst in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland : 1945 – 1985" ; Exhibition catalogue: 'Kunst in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland : 1945 – 1985', Nationalgalerie Berlin 27. September 1985 – 21. January 1986; Berlin 1985

paragraph: BULLET::::- Milazzo, Richard (Editor); "ABRAHAM DAVID CHRISTIAN, LA SALLE DES PIEDS PERDUS, ZEICHNUNG / DRAWING"; New York, Paris, Turin, Louisville 1999

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brockhaus, Christoph (Editor); "Abraham David Christian, die Wege der Welt"; Exhibition catalogue, "Abraham David Christian, die Wege der Welt", Wilhelm-Lehmbruck-Museum Duisburg 20. – 30 February. April 2000; Köln 2000

paragraph: BULLET::::- Friese, Peter (Editor); "Abraham David Christian – Die Sprache des Menschen"; Exhibition catalogue: "Abraham David Christian – Die Sprache des Menschen", Neues Museum Weserburg Bremen, 16. November 2003 – 29. February 2004, Von-der-Heydt-Museum Wuppertal, 16. März – 18. Mai 2004; Heidelberg 2003

paragraph: BULLET::::- Smerling, Walter (Editor); "ABRAHAM DAVID CHRISTIAN, THE WAY • DER WEG", Exhibition catalogue: "ABRAHAM DAVID CHRISTIAN, THE WAY • DER WEG", MKM Museum Küppersmühle für Moderne Kunst Duisburg 11. – 29 June. August 2010, Kerber Verlag, Bielefeld/Leipzig/Berlin

paragraph: BULLET::::- Forstbauer, Nikolai B. / Metzger, Rainer / Milazzo, Richard; "ABRAHAM DAVID CHRISTIAN, TIEFENBRONN"; Exhibition catalogue: "ABRAHAM DAVID CHRISTIAN, TIEFENBRONN"; St. Maria Magdalena, Tiefenbronn, 21. – 9 October. November 2014, Heidelberg 2014, .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yokota, Shigeru (Editor); "ABRAHAM DAVID CHRISTIAN, SchwarzWald"; Tokyo Publishing House, Tokyo 2015

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kunstmuseum Pforzheim (Editor); "ABRAHAM DAVID CHRISTIAN, Silva Nigra"; Exhibition catalogue: "ABRAHAM DAVID CHRISTIAN, Silva Nigra"; Kunstmuseum Pforzheim, 23. Oktober 2016 – 19. März 2017, Heidelberg 2016,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Költzsch, Erika (Editor); "ABRAHAM DAVID CHRISTIAN, Zeichnungen und Skulpturen / Drawings and Sculptures"; Exhibition catalogue: "ABRAHAM DAVID CHRISTIAN, Zeichnungen und Skulpturen / Drawings and Sculptures", Galerie Haas, 1. June – 17. July 2018, Zürich 2018

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yokota, Shigeru (Editor); "ABRAHAM DAVID CHRISTIAN, 三十"; Tokyo Publishing House, Tokyo 2018

paragraph: BULLET::::- Haas, Michael (Editor); "ABRAHAM DAVID CHRISTIAN"; Exhibition catalogue: "ABRAHAM DAVID CHRISTIAN", Galerie Haas & KUNST LAGER HAAS, 26. April – 15. June 2019, Berlin 2019

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Artist's website

description: German artist

wikidata_label: Abraham David Christian

wikipedia_title: Abraham David Christian


text: Anglican

text: Keble College, Oxford

text: Birmingham

text: Christ's Hospital

text: Keble College, Oxford

text: honours

text: Honour Moderations

text: Literae Humaniores

text: Church of England

text: University of Oxford

text: Curate

text: St Philip and St James Church

text: Pembroke College, Oxford

text: Non-Collegiate Students

text: Oxford

text: Church of England parish church

text: Walton Street, Oxford

text: Proctor

text: Prolocutor

text: Convocation of Canterbury

text: Keble College, Oxford

text: Order of St. Sava

text: Serbian

text: Honorary Canon

text: Christ Church, Oxford

text: Honorary Fellow

text: Keble College

text: "Vol. 1: Articles I-VIII"

text: "Vol. 2: Articles IX-XXXIX"

text: "The Continental Reformation"

text: "Vol. I. To A. D. 313"

text: "Vol. II. 313—461 A. D."

text: "Vol. III. c. 500—1500"

text: "Vol. I. To A. D. 313"

text: "Vol. II. 313—408 A. D."

text: "Vol. III. 408—461 A. D."

text: four portraits of B. J. Kidd

text: National Portrait Gallery, London

categories: 20th-century English Anglican priests,British theologians,Wardens of Keble College, Oxford,1864 births,19th-century English Anglican priests,Alumni of Keble College, Oxford,People educated at Christ's Hospital,English historians,1948 deaths,St Catherine's College, Oxford

paragraph: Beresford Kidd

paragraph: Beresford James Kidd (1 January 1864 – 15 May 1948) was an Anglican priest and Church historian, who was Warden of Keble College, Oxford, from 1920 to 1939. He is best known for his "History of the Church to A.D. 461", 3 vols., which with its very full references aimed at "putting students into direct contact with the sources and enabling them to use the originals for themselves" (vol. i, p. v).

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: B. J. Kidd was born in Birmingham on 1 January 1864, the son of the Revd James and Mary Kidd. He was educated at Christ's Hospital before going up to Keble College, Oxford, matriculating on 17 October 1882. At Keble he received honours: second class in Mods (Honour Moderations) in 1883, second class in Literae Humaniores in 1886, and first class in theology in 1887. He received his B.A. in 1886 and his M.A. in 1889. He was awarded a BD in 1898 and a DD in 1904.

paragraph: Following graduation B. J. Kidd worked both as a clergyman in the Church of England and as an academic at the University of Oxford. He was ordained deacon in 1887, priest in 1888, and served as Assistant Curate at the Church of St Philip and St James Church, Oxford, from 1887 to 1900. He served as chaplain of Pembroke College, Oxford, from 1894 to 1896, was a lecturer in theology of the college from 1902 to 1911, and was also Tutor of the Non-Collegiate Students at Oxford (an institution that later became St Catherine's College, Oxford) from 1889 to 1920. He served as examiner in the honours school of theology, 1902–04 and 1917–19; examining chaplain to the Bishop of Oxford, 1912; and to the Bishop of London, 1927. From 1904 to 1920 he was vicar of St Paul's, a Church of England parish church on Walton Street, Oxford. He was Proctor in Convocation, 1917, and Prolocutor of the Convocation of Canterbury, 1932–36. In 1920, he was appointed Warden of Keble College, Oxford, a position he held until 1939. As for honours, in 1919 he received the Order of St. Sava (5th class), a Serbian decoration instituted to recognise civilians for meritorious achievements in the arts and sciences. He was appointed an Honorary Canon of Christ Church, Oxford, in 1915, and an Honorary Fellow of Keble College in 1940. He died on 15 May 1948. He was married (1894) to Agnes Walker, daughter of W. T. Walker; they had no children.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Later Mediaeval Doctrine of the Eucharistic Sacrifice". Church Historical Society [Publications] 46. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1898.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Thirty-nine Articles: Their History and Explanation", 2 volumes. Oxford Church Text Books. London: Rivingtons, 1899.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vol. 1: Articles I-VIII"; "Vol. 2: Articles IX-XXXIX".

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Continental Reformation". 2nd ed. Oxford Church Text Books. New York: Edwin S. Gorham, 1908.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Documents Illustrative of the Continental Reformation". Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1911.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Documents Illustrative of the History of the Church", 3 vols. Translations of Christian Literature, Series VI. London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1920.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vol. I. To A. D. 313"; "Vol. II. 313—461 A. D."; "Vol. III. c. 500—1500".

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A History of the Church to A.D. 461", 3 vols. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1922.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vol. I. To A. D. 313"; "Vol. II. 313—408 A. D."; "Vol. III. 408—461 A. D.".

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Churches of Eastern Christendom from A.D. 451 to the Present Time". London: The Faith Press, 1927.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Counter-Reformation, 1550–1600". London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1933.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Roman Primacy to A. D. 461". London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1936.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- There are four portraits of B. J. Kidd in the National Portrait Gallery, London.

description: church historian

wikidata_label: Beresford Kidd

wikipedia_title: Beresford Kidd


text:
India
actor
Jawaharlal Nehru
Sardar
Hum Dum
Delhi University
St. Stephen's College, Delhi
Film and Television Institute of India
Tom Alter
Naseeruddin Shah
Waiting For Godot
Prithvi Theatre
Disney Channel India
Disney Q Family Mastermind

categories: Male actors in Hindi cinema,Indian male television actors,Film and Television Institute of India alumni,University of Delhi alumni,Indian male stage actors,20th-century Indian male actors,1946 births,21st-century Indian male actors,Male actors in Gujarati-language films,Place of birth missing (living people),Living people

paragraph: Benjamin Gilani

paragraph: Benjamin Gilani is an Indian actor of film, television and theatre. He portrayed Jawaharlal Nehru in the 1993 film "Sardar". He also acted in the movie "Hum Dum".

paragraph: He is a postgraduate from Delhi University having studied and taught English Literature at St. Stephen's College, Delhi and studied at Film and Television Institute of India (FTII) Pune class of 1972, where Naseeruddin Shah and Tom Alter were his classmates.

paragraph: He founded 'Motleys Productions', a Mumbai-based theatre company in 1977, along with Tom Alter and Naseeruddin Shah, and "Waiting For Godot" was their first play on 29 July 1979 at Prithvi Theatre, the play was revived in 2009 for group's 30th anniversary celebrations. He is currently hosting a quiz show on Disney Channel India, namely Disney Q Family Mastermind.

description: Indian actor

wikidata_label: Benjamin Gilani

wikipedia_title: Benjamin Gilani


text:
American football
linebacker
Baltimore Ravens
National Football League
college football
Portland State
undrafted free agent
Baltimore Ravens
$
Zach Orr
Brennen Beyer
Kavell Conner
C.J. Mosley
John Harbaugh
Albert McClellan
Kamalei Correa
New York Giants
Cincinnati Bengals
2016
Cleveland Browns
DeShone Kizer
Jacksonville Jaguars
Green Bay Packers
2017 NFL season
Dean Pees
Don Martindale
Albert McClellan
Bam Bradley
Terrell Suggs
Matt Judon
Denver Broncos
Case Keenum
Jeff Heuerman
Antonio Gates
Tavon Young
Los Angeles Chargers
Baltimore Ravens bio
Portland State Vikings bio

categories: Sportspeople from Inglewood, California,Players of American football from California,Portland State Vikings football players,1992 births,American football linebackers,Living people

paragraph: Patrick Onwuasor

paragraph: Patrick Onwuasor (born August 22, 1992), nicknamed "Peanut", is an American football linebacker for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Portland State and signed with the Ravens as an undrafted free agent in 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:2016.

paragraph: On May 6, 2016, the Baltimore Ravens signed Onwuasor to a three-year $1.62 million contract as an undrafted free agent. Onwuasor competed for a roster spot as a backup inside linebacker and special teams player against Zach Orr, Brennen Beyer, and Kavell Conner. He began to draw the ire of teammates for his aggressive play and was involved with multiple altercations during training camp. On September 3, 2016, the Baltimore Ravens waived Onwuasor as part of their final roster cuts, but re-signed him to their practice squad the next day. On October 15, 2016, the Baltimore Ravens promoted Onwuasor to their active roster after C.J. Mosley sustained a thigh injury. Upon being added to the active roster, head coach John Harbaugh named Onwuasor the fifth inside linebacker on the Ravens’ depth chart. He was listed behind C.J. Mosley, Zach Orr, Albert McClellan, and Kamalei Correa.

paragraph: On October 16, 2016, Onwuasor made his professional regular season debut and recorded one solo tackle as the Ravens lost 27–23 at the New York Giants in Week 6. On January 1, 2017, Onwuasor earned his first career start after Zach Orr was placed on injured reserve due to a neck injury he sustained the previous week. He finished the Ravens’ 27–10 loss at the Cincinnati Bengals with a season-high seven combined tackles. Onwuasor completed his rookie season in 2016 with 21 combined tackles (nine solo) in 11 games and one start.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:2017.

paragraph: Onwuasor entered training camp in 2017 as a backup linebacker. He began competing against Kamalei Correa for a job as a starting inside linebacker after it was left vacant due to the sudden retirement of Zach Orr. Onwuasor performed well throughout the preseason and solidified himself as a candidate to win the starting inside linebacker role. Head coach John Harbaugh named Onwuasor a backup inside linebacker, behind C.J. Mosley and Kamalei Correa, to begin the regular season.

paragraph: On September 17, 2017, Onwuasor recorded two combined tackles and made his first career sack as the Ravens defeated the Cleveland Browns 24–10 in Week 2. Onwuasor sacked Browns’ quarterback DeShone Kizer for a one-yard loss in the third quarter. In Week 3, Onwuasor earned his first career start in place of Kamalei Correa and recorded seven combined tackles as the Ravens lost 44–7 at the Jacksonville Jaguars. In Week 5, Onwuasor got the job as a starting inside linebacker after surpassing Kamalei Correa on the depth chart and retained the role for the remainder of the season. On November 19, 2017, he collected a season-high ten combined tackles (eight solo) during a 23–0 win at the Green Bay Packers in Week 11. Onwuasor finished the 2017 NFL season with 90 combined tackles (67 solo), two pass deflections, and one sack in 16 games and 13 starts.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:2018.

paragraph: On January 1, 2018, the Baltimore Ravens announced the retirement of defensive coordinator Dean Pees. On January 9, 2018, the Baltimore Ravens announced their decision to promote linebackers coach Don Martindale to defensive coordinator.

paragraph: On March 14, 2018, the Baltimore Ravens signed Onwuasor to a one-year, $630,000 contract. Onwuasor entered training camp slated as a starting inside linebacker, but received competition from Albert McClellan, Bam Bradley, and Kamalei Correa. Head coach John Harbaugh named Onwuasor a starting inside linebacker to begin the regular season. He began the season alongside outside linebackers Terrell Suggs and Matt Judon and inside linebacker C.J. Mosley.

paragraph: On September 23, 2018, Onwuasor recorded three combined tackles, broke up a pass, and made his first career interception during a 27-14 win against the Denver Broncos in Week 3. Onwuasor intercepted a pass by Broncos’ quarterback Case Keenum, that was originally intended for tight end Jeff Heuerman, and returned it for an 89-yard touchdown before it was called back for a penalty in the fourth quarter. The touchdown was called back due to an illegal block above the waist by Matt Judon. In Week 16, Onwuasor recorded nine combined tackles, two sacks, and forced a fumble on tight end Antonio Gates that was recovered by Tavon Young and returned it for a touchdown in a 22-10 win over the Los Angeles Chargers, earning him AFC Defensive Player of the Week. He finished the season with 59 combined tackles, 5.5 sacks, two forced fumbles, three passes defensed, and an interception.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:2019.

paragraph: On March 8, 2019, the Ravens placed a second-round restricted free agent tender on Onwuasor.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Baltimore Ravens bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portland State Vikings bio

wikidata_label: Patrick Onwuasor

wikipedia_title: Patrick Onwuasor


text: Beech Aircraft Corporation

text: Beechcraft Model 17 Staggerwing

text: Snipe

text: sailboat

text: Corning, Iowa

text: aeronautical engineering

text: Princeton University

text: World War I

text: Jenny

text: US$

text: Hadley

text: barnstormers

text: New York Times

text: Travel Air D4000

text: air racing

text: National Air Races

text: Travel Air

text: Curtiss-Wright

text: Clyde Cessna

text: Lloyd Stearman

text: Herb Rawdon

text: Travel Air models 12 & 16

text: aileron

text: Model 17

text: Walter Beech

text: Olive Ann Beech

text: Beech Aircraft

text: Comptroller

text: Model 18

text: Model 33

text: Model 34 Twin-Quad

text: Model 50

text: Snipe

text: sailboat

text: Santa Fe Lake

text: Snipe World Championships

text: Mystic Seaport

text: Ardmore, Oklahoma

text: Wichita, Kansas

text: Union National Bank

text: Atlanta Yacht Club

text: Concorde

categories: Aviation pioneers,American male sailors (sport),Aviators from Iowa,Princeton University alumni,People from Corning, Iowa,1991 deaths,1907 births

paragraph: Ted A. Wells

paragraph: Theodore Arthur Wells (March 12, 1907 – September 25, 1991) was an American aircraft engineer, co-founder of the Beech Aircraft Corporation, and the lead designer of the Beechcraft Model 17 Staggerwing. Wells was also an avid Snipe sailboat racer, winning three national championships and two world championships.

paragraph: Section::::Birth and education.

paragraph: Theodore A. Wells was born in Corning, Iowa and was the first aeronautical engineering graduate at Princeton University. The Princeton school of Engineering was founded just a few years prior in 1921, with programs in Chemical, Geological, and Mechanical engineering. It started with fewer than 100 students. Mechanical engineering classes were held in the old School of Science with a makeshift laboratory in a boiler house. Wells specifically wanted a degree in aeronautical engineering and was able to convince the school to allow him to pursue that goal, although he had to tell the school which requirements he needed to satisfy.

paragraph: Section::::First airplane.

paragraph: While a sophomore, Wells and a classmate had the opportunity to buy an old World War I Jenny for US$600. Neither he nor his classmate had pilot's licenses, so they came up with a scheme to buy the plane and rent it out for rides and flying lessons. This enabled them to pay for the plane and fund their own flying lessons. Both of their parents had previously refused to pay for flying lessons. They had learned that Princeton had a policy that students whose parents had difficulty raising tuition could postpone payment until the end of the semester. Wells and his friend informed the school that their parents were struggling financially and used the tuition money their parents gave them up front to buy the aircraft.

paragraph: They offered their plane for lessons and rides, charging $25/hr, paying an instructor $10 and keeping $15 to pay off the airplane and their tuition. Customers were drawn from a "sucker list" of upperclassmen that they also used for bumming car rides to the airfield. During spring break, Wells found himself alone at the Hadley airfield more than 20 miles away from the college with no money and no ride back to school. He waited until dusk, but no potential ride showed up. He was determined not to walk the distance back to campus. With only four hours and 20 minutes of flying instruction he decided it was time to solo without an endorsement from his instructor. He started the airplane, flew to Princeton and landed in a field frequently used by barnstormers.

paragraph: According to Wells, "the Dean got excited because Princeton sophomores were not supposed to have motor vehicles". Fortunately, that stunt did not get him suspended, but the incident was noted by the New York Times as a box story on its front page. It was from this that Well's father learned that he had purchased the Jenny. Wells said his parents did not force him to sell the airplane. "They were resigned to the fact that if I was going to be in the airplane business, I should learn to fly. But they didn’t exactly like the way I was doing it." By the end of the semester, the pair of students had not raised sufficient funds to pay for tuition, so they were forced to sell the Jenny for the $600 they had paid for it.

paragraph: Section::::Aviation career.

paragraph: Wells purchased a Travel Air D4000 in 1928 and used it for air racing, flying in the 1929 Portland Derby which was part of the National Air Races. This was a cross country race from Portland to Cleveland, which involved navigation skills, as well as maximizing aircraft speed. Wells won this race, receiving $10,000 in prize money.

paragraph: Wells was hired by Travel Air, a division of Curtiss-Wright as a part-time demonstration pilot in 1928, during the summer of his junior year at Princeton. He then was hired by the company full-time as a design engineer after he graduated in 1929, filling the engineering void left by Clyde Cessna and Lloyd Stearman. Wells and Herb Rawdon designed the Travel Air models 12 & 16. In his spare time in 1930, Wells designed and built a racing biplane, the Model W4B, also known as the Wells Special. During one of the flight tests, he was flying at only above the ground, when both ailerons tore off the wings. Ted managed to bail out and deploy his parachute just in time, suffering only a broken ankle when he landed in mud.

paragraph: In 1931, Wells began producing the next design for Travel Air. The Model 17 was a four place enclosed cockpit biplane with an unconventional placement of the top wing aft of the bottom wing. This was done to improve visibility associated with the standard configuration.

paragraph: Then president of Travel Air, Walter Beech, was impressed with Wells' Model 17 "Staggerwing" drawings and presented them to the Curtiss-Wright management to persuade them to build it. Curtis-Wright directors declined to pursue the program due to financial reasons. Desiring to continue Wells' Model 17 design, Walter Beech, Olive Ann Beech, K.K. Shaul and Ted Wells resigned from Curtis-Wright's Aircraft division to start up a new company, Beech Aircraft to produce the Model 17.

paragraph: Walter Beech, Olive Ann Beech, Ted Wells, K.K. Shaul and C.G. Yankey become the principle founders of Beech Aircraft in April 1932. Walter Beech was named President and Wells became Vice President of Engineering and Chief Designer. C.G. Yankey was a friend of the Beech's and a prime investor, so he was named Vice President. K.K. Shaul, General Manager at Travel Air and Comptroller before relocating to St. Louis, was named Treasurer. Olive Ann Beech was named Secretary.

paragraph: In his position as engineering vice president, Well's engineering team designed the Model 18, Model 33, T-34, Model 34 Twin-Quad, and Model 50 among others.

paragraph: Section::::Sailing.

paragraph: Wells joined the Wichita Sailing Club in 1938 and started racing Snipe sailboats. He bought his first boat for $100. It had bed sheets for sails. Wells decided to race sailboats, rather than airplanes, as it was becoming difficult to find the time for racing airplanes. Wells quickly became proficient at racing on Santa Fe Lake. He was instrumental in organizing the club's first invitational regatta and began trailering his Snipe around the country to participate in other regattas.

paragraph: Wells won many regattas including the 1947, 1949 and 1952 United States Snipe National Championships, as well as the 1947 and 1949 Snipe World Championships. Wells also authored the book "Scientific Sailboat Racing" which was widely read in the sailing racing community.

paragraph: Wells' championship boat "Good News III" (number 6025) was built by Varalyay, a professional boat builder in California. It is on display in the small boat collection at the Mystic Seaport Museum in Connecticut.

paragraph: Section::::Retirement.

paragraph: After Walter Beech's death in 1950, Olive Ann Beech became the President of Beech Aircraft. There were tensions between Wells and Olive Ann Beech. Publicly, Olive Ann Beech said she did not like Wells spending time sailing and thought he needed to spend more time focused on the company. In 1953, she sent an aircraft down to bring Wells back from the Snipe National Championships in Ardmore, Oklahoma for an "emergency meeting" back at Beechcraft headquarters in Wichita, Kansas. Wells left the regatta, attended the meeting during which Olive Ann Beech told him, "I think that you ought to have all the free time you need for your interests. We accept your resignation." Wells signed the resignation letter and immediately returned to the regatta.

paragraph: After leaving Beech, Wells did some contract work for Cessna Aircraft, then changed careers and bought the controlling stock of the Union National Bank. He continued to race Snipes including his last competition, the 1986 National Master's regatta hosted by the Atlanta Yacht Club, when he was 79 years old.

paragraph: During retirement, Wells and his wife Marge flew from New York to a Paris vacation on the Concorde at Mach 2.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Wells died on September 25, 1991, at the age of 84.

alias:
Theodore Arthur Wells
Ted Wells
Theodore Wells
T. A. Wells
T. Arthur Wells

description: American aviator and sailor

wikidata_label: Ted A. Wells

wikipedia_title: Ted A. Wells


text:
King of Assyria
Shamshi-Adad V
Shammuramat
Semiramis
Ashur-nirari V
Shalmaneser IV
Ashur-dan III
Tiglath-Pileser III
Mesopotamia
Shalmaneser III
Nabu
Nineveh
Damascus
Ben-Hadad III
Aramaean Kingdom of Damascus
Israel
Jehoash
Jeroboam II
Shamshi-ilu

categories: Assyrian kings,Year of birth unknown,9th-century BC Assyrian kings,Ancient child rulers,9th-century BC rulers,8th-century BC Assyrian kings,783 BC deaths,9th-century BC births

paragraph: Adad-nirari III

paragraph: Adad-nirari III (also Adad-narari) was a King of Assyria from 811 to 783 BC.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Adad-nirari was a son and successor of king Shamshi-Adad V, and was apparently quite young at the time of his accession, because for the first five years of his reign, his mother Shammuramat was highly influential, which has given rise to the legend of Semiramis.

paragraph: It is widely rejected that his mother acted as regent, but she was surprisingly influential for the time period.

paragraph: He was the father of kings Ashur-nirari V, Shalmaneser IV, and Ashur-dan III. Tiglath-Pileser III described himself as a son of Adad-nirari in his inscriptions, but it is uncertain if this is true.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Adad-nirari's youth, and the struggles his father had faced early in his reign, caused a serious weakening for the Assyrian rulership over Mesopotamia, and gave way to the ambitions of the most officers, governors, and the local rulers.

paragraph: According to Adad-nirari's inscriptions, he led several military campaigns with the purpose of regaining the strength Assyria enjoyed in the times of his grandfather Shalmaneser III.

paragraph: According to the eponym canon, he campaigned in all directions until the last of his 18 years of reign (783 BC), and he was the builder of the temple of Nabu at Nineveh. Among his actions was a siege of Damascus in the time of Ben-Hadad III in 796 BC, which led to the eclipse of the Aramaean Kingdom of Damascus and allowed the recovery of Israel under Jehoash (who paid the Assyrian king tribute at this time) and Jeroboam II.

paragraph: Despite Adad-nirari's vigour, Assyria entered a several-decades-long period of weakness following his death.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shamshi-ilu

description: King of Assyria

wikidata_label: Adad-nirari III

wikipedia_title: Adad-nirari III


text:
King of Assyria
Adad
Shalmaneser III
Shammuramat
Semiramis
Adad-nirari III
Shalmaneser IV
Assur-danin-pal
Nineveh
Tiglath-Pileser III
Mesopotamia
Marduk-zakir-shumi I
Battle of Dur-Papsukkal
Marduk-balassu-iqbi
Aramean
Babylonia
Stela of Shamshi-Adad V

categories: 811 BC deaths,9th-century BC Assyrian kings,Assyrian kings,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Shamshi-Adad V

paragraph: Shamshi-Adad V was the King of Assyria from 824 to 811 BC. He was named after the god Adad, who is also known as Hadad.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Shamshi-Adad was a son and successor of King Shalmaneser III, the husband of Queen Shammuramat (by some identified with the mythical Semiramis), and the father of Adad-nirari III, who succeeded him as king.

paragraph: He was also a grandfather of Shalmaneser IV.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: The first years of Shamshi-Adad's reign saw a serious struggle for the succession of the aged Shalmaneser.

paragraph: The revolt was led by Shamshi-Adad's brother Assur-danin-pal, and had broken out already by 826 BC. The rebellious brother, according to Shamshi-Adad's own inscriptions, succeeded in bringing to his side 27 important cities, including Nineveh. The rebellion lasted until 820 BC, weakening the Assyrian empire and its ruler; this weakness continued to reverberate in the kingdom until the reforms of Tiglath-Pileser III.

paragraph: Later in his reign, Shamshi-Adad campaigned against Southern Mesopotamia, and stipulated a treaty with the Babylonian king Marduk-zakir-shumi I.

paragraph: In 814 BC, he won the Battle of Dur-Papsukkal against the Babylonian king Marduk-balassu-iqbi, and a few Aramean tribes settled in Babylonia. The extent of Shamshi-Adad's victory was such that he obtained the submission of the Babylonian king and, after obtaining booty from several Babylonian cities, he returned to Assyria with palace treasures and gods (i.e. the sacred representation of the gods).

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stela of Shamshi-Adad V

description: Assyrian king

wikidata_label: Shamshi-Adad V

wikipedia_title: Shamshi-Adad V


text: Governor General’s Award

text: abstract impressionist

text: Croydon

text: Portage la Prairie

text: Manitoba

text: Grand Trunk Pacific Railway

text: Neepawa

text: Brandon, Manitoba

text: Portage

text: Winnipeg

text: The Winnipeg Tribune

text: The Regina Leader-Post

text: The Winnipeg Free Press

text: Toronto

text: Ontario

text: Lawrence Park

text: Ernest MacMillan

text: Charles Comfort

text: Paraskeva Clark

text: Kathleen Munn

text: Lawren Harris

text: Kathleen Munn

text: LeMoine Fitzgerald

text: Vorticist

text: Wyndham Lewis

text: David Bomberg

text: William Roberts

text: Helen Saunders

text: Futurist

text: Lionel Lemoine FitzGerald

text: naturalist

text: rebuke

text: Think of the Earth

text: Governor General's Award

text: Bertram Brooker: Life & Work

text: "Bertram Richard Brooker"

categories: English emigrants to Canada,20th-century English novelists,1955 deaths,Naturalized citizens of Canada,English male novelists,Modern painters,20th-century Canadian painters,People from Portage la Prairie,Journalists from Manitoba,English male journalists,British economics writers,20th-century Canadian male writers,Canadian male novelists,Governor General's Award-winning fiction writers,Canadian economics writers,20th-century Canadian novelists,English male painters,People from Croydon,Writers from Manitoba,20th-century English painters,1888 births

paragraph: Bertram Brooker

paragraph: Bertram Richard Brooker (March 31, 1888 – March 22, 1955) was one of Canada’s first abstract painters. A self-taught polymath, in addition to being a visual artist, Brooker was a Governor General’s Award–winning novelist, as well as a poet, screenwriter, playwright, essayist, copywriter, graphic designer, and advertising executive. He is well-known as an early Canadian abstract impressionist.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Brooker was born in Croydon, England, to Richard Brooker and Mary Ann (Skinner) Brooker. When he was seventeen, he moved to Portage la Prairie, Manitoba in 1905 with his family. There was a booming economy and a huge influx of immigrants from England and elsewhere in Europe wanting to better their lives. In Portage la Prairie, Brooker worked with his father at the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway in a menial capacity. He attended night school and was, as a result, given clerical work at the railway.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: After moving to Neepawa, a small town northeast of Brandon, Manitoba, in 1912, he and his brother, Cecil, rented a movie theatre. From 1911 to 1914, Brooker was active in local theatre productions in Portage and Neepawa. He directed a play called "Much Ado About Something" at the Portage Opera House, and he seems to have acted in a number of local productions. Brooker’s success at writing for films and local theatre inspired him to pursue journalism and newspaper layout design in Neepawa and then back in Portage la Prairie.In 1913 he married Mary Aurilla (“Rill”) Porter, whom he had met when both were members of the St. Mary’s Anglican choir in Portage. In 1914 he became editor of the "Portage Review", a local newspaper. In 1915 he enlisted in the Royal Canadian Engineers in Winnipeg. After the war he worked for "The Winnipeg Tribune", "The Regina Leader-Post" and "The Winnipeg Free Press".

paragraph: He moved to Toronto, Ontario in 1921 and joined the staff of "Marketing" magazine. Brooker served as the magazine's editor and publisher from 1924 until 1926. In 1923, he published his first book, "Subconscious Selling". In his social life he sought out like-minded persons with a passion for art and music. The Brookers’ modest Glenview Avenue house in the middle-class neighbourhood of Lawrence Park became a meeting place for creative individuals, including the conductor Ernest MacMillan and the artists Charles Comfort (1900–1994), Paraskeva Clark (1898–1986), and Kathleen Munn (1887–1974).

paragraph: Around 1922 to 1924 Brooker began working on a series of non-objective paintings inspired by a profoundly mystical experience during a visit to the Presbyterian church in Dwight at the Lake of Bays in Ontario in 1923. This mystical experience reinforced his spiritualism and motivated him to attempt to render the mystical in art. Brooker began painting in an abstract style, and in 1927 held his first exhibition, organized by his friend Lawren Harris. That year his work was on display at the Canadian National Exhibition. He was one of the first Canadians to paint in this style, although Kathleen Munn exhibited abstract paintings before Brooker exhibited his. He was influenced in his development as an artist by LeMoine Fitzgerald.

paragraph: Brooker’s first set of abstracts, from 1922 to 1924, and later works such as "Ascending Forms", c.1929, appear to be inspired by the Vorticist paintings of Wyndham Lewis (1882–1957), David Bomberg (1890–1957), William Roberts (1895–1980), and Helen Saunders (1885–1963). The art of this group, particularly that of Lewis, used abstraction in sharp-edged lines to denote movement in a violent, slashing way. Brooker’s first abstracts are influenced by the English group’s use of precisely defined geometrical forms in aggressive contortions and highly saturated hues. Although Brooker imitated Vorticist and Futurist forms, he was by no means a proponent of the politics of those movements.

paragraph: After meeting Winnipeg-born painter and printmaker, Lionel Lemoine FitzGerald, in 1929, Brooker undertook a major stylistic change, in accordance with his new friend’s practice, and began to mingle naturalist and abstract elements in his work. Although he sometimes returned to pure abstraction and sometimes ventured into paintings that were essentially representational, much of his work from 1930 until the end of his life was a playful mixture of these two modes. The conjoining of two styles became the mark of his work after 1930.

paragraph: In 1929 he joined the staff of the J.J. Gibbons Advertising Agency.

paragraph: In 1931 Brooker was embroiled in a controversy about nudity in art when a painting of his was removed from a gallery exhibition because it contained nudity. Brooker later wrote the essay "Nudes and Prudes" in 1931 as a rebuke.

paragraph: In 1936, Brooker's novel "Think of the Earth" (1936) became the first work to win the Governor General's Award for Fiction, although very few copies were sold. In 1940 he joined the staff of the MacLaren Advertising Co.

paragraph: In 1972, a retrospective exhibition of Brooker's paintings was on display in a number of Canadian cities, including at the National Gallery in Ottawa.

paragraph: Section::::Selected bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Subconscious Selling" (1923)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Layout Technique in Advertising" (1929), writing as Richard W. Surrey

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Copy Technique in Advertising" (1930), writing as Richard W. Surrey

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Elijah" (1930), drawings

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Think of the Earth" (1936)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Tangled Miracle" (1936), writing as Huxley Hearne

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Robber" (1949)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sounds Assembling: The Poetry of Bertram Brooker" (1980)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reid, Dennis. "Bertram Brooker, 1888-1955" Ottawa: National Gallery of Canada, 1973.

paragraph: BULLET::::- King, James. "Bertram Brooker: Life & Work". Toronto: Art Canada Institute, 2018.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bertram Richard Brooker". "The Canadian Encyclopedia".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bertram Brooker holdings at the University of Manitoba archives

alias:
Huxley (pseudonym) Herne
Bertram Richard Brooker
Richard (pseudonym) Surrey

description: British artist

wikidata_label: Bertram Brooker

wikipedia_title: Bertram Brooker


text: rugby union

text: wing

text: fullback

text: Munster Rugby

text: All Blacks

text: Auckland, New Zealand

text: Kolonga

text: Auckland Grammar School

text: Head Prefect

text: Auckland

text: Air New Zealand Cup

text: Super Rugby

text: Otago Highlanders

text: Wellington Hurricanes

text: Auckland Blues

text: Super 12

text: Air New Zealand Cup

text: All Blacks

text: 2003 World Cup

text: Italy

text: 2007 Rugby World Cup

text: Christian Cullen

text: Rico Gear

text: hat trick

text: Waikato

text: Barbarians

text: Munster

text: Christian Cullen

text: Heineken Cup

text: ASM Clermont Auvergne

text: Lifeimi Mafi

text: London Wasps

text: Denis Leamy

text: Ulster

text: Toulouse

text: 2007–08 Heineken Cup

text: Rua Tipoki

text: Rod Kafer

text: Brad Thorn

text: Super 14

text: Heineken Cup

text: Auckland Blues

text: Super

text: Munster

text: Achilles tendon

text: Pro 12

text: Ospreys

text: Paul O'Connell

text: Glasgow Warriors

text: Phil Howlett

text: rugby union

text: rugby league

text: netball

text: Mils Muliaina

text: World Cup

text: Kilkenny city

text: European Champions Cup

text: Celtic League

text: Rugby Championship

text: Official site

text: Munster Profile

text: ESPN Profile

categories: Munster Rugby players,1978 births,Auckland rugby union players,New Zealand expatriate rugby union players,Rugby union fullbacks,Munster Rugby captains,People educated at Auckland Grammar School,New Zealand rugby union players,New Zealand international rugby union players,Blues (Super Rugby) players,New Zealand people of Tongan descent,Rugby union wings,Expatriate rugby union players in Ireland,Rugby union players from Auckland,Living people,Munster Rugby non-playing staff

paragraph: Doug Howlett

paragraph: Douglas Charles Howlett (born 21 September 1978) is a retired professional New Zealand rugby union player. He was primarily a wing, but he also covered fullback at national and international levels. He finished his career with Munster Rugby in Ireland. With an outstanding 49 tries in 62 tests, Howlett is currently the seventh-highest try scorer in rugby union history and first on the all-time highest try scorers' list for the All Blacks.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Born in Auckland, New Zealand, Howlett attended May Road School and Mt Roskill Intermediate School. Howlett is of Tongan descent, with roots in the small coastal village of Kolonga. He started playing rugby at Auckland Grammar School, where he was also a star sprinter, captain of athletics and, during his final year in 1996, Head Prefect. He calls upon his speed as a sprinter (he once clocked a personal best 10.94 seconds for the 100 meters in an under 20 athletics championship in 1998) to great effect in his rugby career.

paragraph: Section::::New Zealand clubs.

paragraph: Howlett made his first-class debut at the age of 18 for Auckland in the Air New Zealand Cup. He has played with three Super Rugby teams, briefly with the Otago Highlanders and Wellington Hurricanes and, for the majority of his career in his home city, the Auckland Blues. It was with his hometown Blues that he established himself as one of the finest back players in the world, winning a Super 12 title in 2003. Throughout his domestic career, he remained affiliated with Auckland in the Air New Zealand Cup, with more than 50 appearances for the union.

paragraph: Section::::All Blacks.

paragraph: Howlett debuted for the All Blacks on 16 June 2000. In his career, he scored on average 4 points per game (155 from his first 38). He was also a first choice winger in the 2003 World Cup.

paragraph: Howlett scored 49 tries for the All Blacks, a team record. His hat-trick against Italy on 8 September 2007, at the 2007 Rugby World Cup, brought him level with the record of Christian Cullen, the All Blacks' previous leading try scorer and then his try in the 15th minute against Scotland on 23 September gave him the record.

paragraph: He was selected for the Rugby World Cup squad ahead of Canterbury and Tasman player Rico Gear; however, he was expected to play the first three rounds of the 2007 Air New Zealand Cup. He scored a hat trick in Auckland's victory over Counties Manukau in the first round, and on 11 August against Waikato he scored two, bringing his try total for Auckland to 50. Howlett was known as a winger with a high work rate and strong defensive tackling ability.

paragraph: Section::::Barbarians.

paragraph: In May 2009, Howlett was named in the Barbarians squad to play England and Australia.

paragraph: Section::::Munster.

paragraph: On 30 August 2007, Howlett signed for Munster, following in the footsteps of another All Black great, Christian Cullen. Howlett joined Munster at the start of 2008.

paragraph: He made his debut for Munster in the Heineken Cup against ASM Clermont Auvergne, notably starting the movement for Lifeimi Mafi's try. His second match came against London Wasps where he notably dived to save the ball in the build-up to Denis Leamy's try. He scored his first Munster try against Ulster on 22 March 2008.

paragraph: On 24 May 2008, Howlett was part of the Munster team that beat Toulouse 16–13 to win the 2007–08 Heineken Cup. Howlett had won his first cup with Munster only five and a half months into his career in the Northern Hemisphere. Howlett himself scored a try in the final only for it to be disallowed due to a forward pass from Rua Tipoki.

paragraph: Howlett joins Rod Kafer and Brad Thorn in having won major rugby tournaments in both the southern and northern hemispheres, the Super 14 and Heineken Cup respectively. He enjoyed his success with the Auckland Blues in the 2003 Super 12 and Munster in 2008. With Munster winning the Magners League title for the 08–09 season, Howlett held both a Heineken Cup and Magners League medal in the space of just two seasons with Munster. On 26 February 2010 it was announced Howlett had signed a contract to stay on at Munster until the end of the 2010–11 season, with the option for a further year. That option was confirmed by Munster in February 2011, and he began the 2011/2012. But in December 2011, Howlett picked up an Achilles tendon injury in a Pro 12 game against Ospreys which ruled him out for the rest of the season.

paragraph: On 24 February 2012, Munster announced that Howlett had extended his contract until the end of the 2012–13 season. On 24 August 2012, it was announced that Howlett would take over from Paul O'Connell as the Munster squad captain for the 2012–13 season. He underwent successful knee surgery in late January 2013, and returned to action after the surgery on 2 March 2013. On 14 May 2013, it was confirmed that Howlett, after receiving medical advice, would retire from rugby due to a shoulder injury he sustained playing against Glasgow Warriors in March 2013.

paragraph: Howlett returned to the province as a corporate ambassador in December 2013. He went on to become Munster's head of commercial and marketing, before returning to New Zealand in the autumn of 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Personal.

paragraph: Howlett is the brother of former Tongan rugby league international Phil Howlett.

paragraph: On 22 February 2007 Howlett launched "The Doug Howlett Outreach Foundation", which is aimed at New Zealand children between the ages of 8 and 14 who demonstrate ability academically as well as on the sports field or court, initially in the codes of rugby union, rugby league, and netball. Specifically, it will assist with school fees, school books, sports fees and sports shoes or boots.

paragraph: In May 2019, Howlett announced his decision to leave his role as Munster Rugby's Head of Commercial and Marketing after 6 years to return to New Zealand with his family.

paragraph: Section::::Controversies.

paragraph: On 24 May 2003, following the Auckland Blues Super 12 Final victory over the Canterbury Crusaders, Howlett and teammate Mils Muliaina were involved in a brawl at Auckland's Spy Bar, started when an intoxicated Howlett threw a glass at one of the barmen. As a result, Muliaina was left with a broken eye socket and dislocated nose.

paragraph: Howlett was arrested on 9 October 2007 outside Heathrow Airport's Hilton Hotel on suspicion of criminal damage to two cars. This followed the All Blacks' World Cup loss in Cardiff to France a few days earlier, a game in which Howlett did not play. Howlett subsequently issued an apology through the media.

paragraph: He was again arrested on 23 December 2010 on suspicion of being drunk and disorderly after his team's Christmas party in Kilkenny city. However, he was never charged by the police, which led to questions about what had actually happened on the night. These were answered in August 2011 when the Irish Sun newspaper printed an apology to Howlett. In their apology, they admitted numerous factual errors in their reporting on the incident and admitted that it was another person and not Doug Howlett involved in the incident, in which a Munster fan was injured. Doug Howlett is the patron of his own charity and it is believed that the Irish Sun made a contribution to this charity in compensation.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.:Munster.

paragraph: BULLET::::- European Champions Cup: 2007–08 (1)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Celtic League: 2008–09, 2010–11 (2)

paragraph: Section::::Honours.:New Zealand.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rugby Championship: 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007 (5)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official site

paragraph: BULLET::::- Munster Profile

paragraph: BULLET::::- ESPN Profile

description: New Zealand rugby union player

wikidata_label: Doug Howlett

wikipedia_title: Doug Howlett


text:
temple name
Wu Ding
Shang dynasty
Tomb of Fu Hao
Yinxu
Zheng Zhenxiang
lacquer
Wu Ding
Fu Jing
Shang dynasty
oracle bone
Yinxu
Yi
Qiang
Ba
Fu Jing
Yin
Tomb of Fu Hao
Women in ancient and imperial China
YouTube

categories: Chinese nobility,13th-century BC women,Women in ancient Chinese warfare,Ancient priestesses,Shang dynasty people,13th-century BC clergy,Chinese women in politics

paragraph: Fu Hao

paragraph: Fu Hao (; died c. 1200 BC) or Lady Hao, posthumous temple name Mu Xin (母辛), was one of the many wives of King Wu Ding of the Shang dynasty and, very unusually for that time, also served as a military general and high priestess. Minimal evidence detailing Fu Hao's life and military achievements survived the Shang Dynasty, as it preceded the invention of paper and the records may have perished over the course of time.

paragraph: The Tomb of Fu Hao was unearthed intact at Yinxu by archaeologist Zheng Zhenxiang, with treasures such as bronzes and jades. Inside the pit was evidence of a wooden chamber long, wide and high containing a lacquered wooden coffin that has since completely disintegrated. The tomb of Fu Hao provides the most insight into her life, her relationship with the royal family, and her military role and achievements - as the objects she was buried with provide clues to her activities and interests.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: What is known is that King Wu Ding cultivated the allegiance of neighbouring tribes by marrying one woman from each of them. Fu Hao (who was one of the king's 64 wives) entered the royal household through such a marriage and took advantage of the semi-matriarchal slave society to rise through the ranks to became one of the King Wu Ding's three consorts. The other two were Fu Jing and Fu Zi. Fu Jing was the primary queen while Fu Hao was the secondary queen. Fu Hao was also the mother of Prince Jie. Oracle bone inscriptions show concern for her well-being at the time of the birth.

paragraph: Although the Shang king exercised ultimate control over ritual matters, which were the most important political activity of the day, oracle bone inscriptions show that Wu Ding repeatedly instructed Fu Hao to conduct special rituals and to offer sacrifices. This was unusual for women of that time, and shows that the king must have had great confidence in his wives. Only official queens received special burial rites and ritual offerings at their tombs.

paragraph: Section::::Military Role and Achievements.

paragraph: Fu Hao is known to modern scholars mainly from inscriptions on Shang dynasty oracle bone artifacts unearthed at Yinxu. From these inscriptions and from the presence of weapons in her tomb, it can be determined that Fu Hao was a general in charge of several military campaigns for the Shang Dynasty.

paragraph: In her military role, she was responsible for conquering enemies and neighbors of the Shang Dynasty. The Tu-Fang had fought against the Shang for generations until they were finally defeated by Fu Hao in a single decisive battle. Further campaigns against the neighbouring Yi, Qiang and Ba followed; the latter is particularly remembered for being the earliest recorded large-scale ambush in Chinese history. With up to 13,000 soldiers and important generals Zhi and Hou Gao serving under her, she was the most powerful Shang general of her time.

paragraph: This highly unusual status is confirmed by the many weapons, including great battle-axes, unearthed in her tomb.

paragraph: While Fu Hao's achievements were notable and unique, other women in this period were also active in military roles; in a similar manner Fu Jing was also thought to have served in the military based on the presence of many weapons and military equipment in her tomb. Oracle bones also revealed records of hundreds of women participating in the military during this era.

paragraph: Section::::Tomb.

paragraph: Remarkably, after her death Fu Hao was buried in a tomb across the river from the main royal cemetery; this was unusual because it was customary for all members of the royal family to be buried together, suggesting she may have fallen out of favor with the king or another consort. She died before King Wu Ding, who constructed her tomb at his capital, Yin.

paragraph: Because of its location, Lady Hao's tomb is the only royal Shang tomb to have been left unnoticed and unlooted, giving unique insights into her life and the burial practices of the time. The King later made many sacrifices there in hopes of receiving her spiritual assistance in defeating the attacking Gong, who threatened to wipe out the Shang completely. The tomb was unearthed by archaeologists in 1976 and is now open to the public.

paragraph: The tomb itself was only a pit that contains a smaller, , , and a wooden structure within. The inside was packed with burial sacrifices and wealth which, however, signified Lady Hao's prodigious position.

paragraph: She was buried with a large and varied quantity of weapons signifying her important marital status, since only warriors and generals were buried with such objects. Additionally, Fu Hao was entombed with hundreds of bronze, jade, bone, and stone objects such as figurines, vessels, and mirrors many of them rare objects from around the kingdom. These objects are some of the best preserved we have from that time period. The sacrificial bronze vessels and tortoise shells inscribed "prepared by Fu Hao" discovered in her tomb are further evidence of her status as a high priestess and oracle caster. As was the custom during the Shang Dynasty, Fu Hao was buried with 16 human sacrifices and six dogs.

paragraph: Section::::Tomb.:Contents of Tomb.

paragraph: In total, Fu Hao was buried with:

paragraph: BULLET::::- 755 jade objects

paragraph: BULLET::::- 564 bone objects, including nearly 500 bone hairpins and over 20 bone arrowheads

paragraph: BULLET::::- 468 bronze objects, including 130 weapons, 23 bells, 27 knives, 4 mirrors, and 4 tigers or tiger heads

paragraph: BULLET::::- 63 stone objects

paragraph: BULLET::::- 5 ivory objects

paragraph: BULLET::::- 11 pottery objects

paragraph: BULLET::::- 6,900 pieces of cowry shell (what Shang used as currency)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 16 human sacrifices

paragraph: BULLET::::- 6 dogs

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tomb of Fu Hao

paragraph: BULLET::::- Women in ancient and imperial China

paragraph: BULLET::::- YouTube

description: politician

wikidata_label: Fu Hao

wikipedia_title: Fu Hao