text:
Quintrala
aristocratic
Chile
Colonial Era
Spanish
maestre de campo
La Ligua
Cabildo
fazenda
German
García Hurtado de Mendoza
Águeda Flores
Bartolomé Flores
Inca
Alonso de Ribera
Boroa
Peru
Lima
parasitic plant
Magdalena Petit
witchcraft
peso
Counts of Urgell
Barcelona
Plaza de Armas
Order of Malta
knight of Santiago
Cuyo
Andes
Petorca
La Reina
Real Audiencia
Codegua
Jesuits
will and testament
masses
Spanish
Lars Graugaard
Copenhagen
Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna
Atenea (Concepción)
Elizabeth Báthory
Delphine LaLaurie
Darya Nikolayevna Saltykova
Biography
Biography
On the "La Quintrala" opera

categories: Captaincy General of Chile,1604 births,Chilean female serial killers,Chilean legends,Chilean people of Spanish descent,1665 deaths,Chilean people of German descent

paragraph: Catalina de los Ríos y Lisperguer

paragraph: Catalina de los Ríos y Lisperguer, nicknamed La Quintrala because of her flaming red hair (1604 – 1665), was an aristocratic 17th century Chilean landowner and murderer of the Colonial Era. Her persona is strongly mythified, and survives as the epitome of the perverse and abusive woman in Chilean culture.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Catalina was the daughter of the couple formed by the Spanish nobleman Gonzalo de los Ríos y Encío and Catalina Lisperguer y Flores, both members of the Chilean nobility.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Paternal descent.

paragraph: Gonzalo de los Ríos was an exalted landowner of Santiago's colonial society, holding the rank of general in the Royal Army, a maestre de campo who served as mayor of Santiago in 1611, 1614 and 1619. He was also the owner of a prosperous farm in Longotoma, dedicated to the cultivation of sugar cane and work of black slaves. He also owned plantations in the valley of La Ligua dedicated to the cultivation of fruit trees and vineyards, and another hacienda in Cabildo called ""El Ingenio".

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Maternal descent.

paragraph: Catalina Lisperguer y Flores and her brothers were latifundistas with fazendas in Santiago and its surroundings, sons of the German conqueror Pedro Lisperguer, who arrived in Chile as part of the retinue of Governor García Hurtado de Mendoza in 1577 and of Águeda Flores, daughter of another German conqueror, Bartolomé Flores, and Elvira de Talagante, of local Inca nobility.

paragraph: The aforementioned sisters - who had been accused of poisoning Governor Alonso de Ribera in 1601, out of spite - had as a blood brother Juan Rodulfo de Lisperguer y Flores, killed in the battle of the fort of Boroa in 1626. María de Lisperguer, who had in turn been charged with murder, was expelled to Peru after attempting to poison the governor. Catalina Lisperguer remained in Chile and had two daughters with Gonzalo de los Ríos: Águeda - married to the judge of Lima, Blas de Torres Altamirano - and Catalina, called La Quintrala.

paragraph: Section::::Childhood and youth.

paragraph: "La Quintrala" grew up in a family of rich landowners; both the De los Ríos and the Lisperguer were renowned families in the 17th century Santiago high society. Despite this, she did not receive a good education and was semi-literate until her death, being mainly cared for by her father and grandmother.

paragraph: The nickname of "La Quintrala" is probably a deviation from the diminutive of her given name, Catrala or Catralita. However, another theory says that the nickname comes from the fact that she whipped her slaves with quintral branches ("Tristerix corymbosus"), an indigenous parasitic plant with red flowers. It should be noted, on the other hand, that Catalina was a redhead. Magdalena Petit maintains in her book "La Quintrala" that her name comes from the quintral, making a comparison to the color of her hair.

paragraph: Catalina was considered a beauty: white complexion, tall stature, red hair and intense green eyes, a genetic combination between Amerindian, Spanish and German blood, which had given her remarkable physical attributes "that made her very attractive to men", according to the chronicles of bishop Francisco González de Salcedo (1622-1634).

paragraph: It is said that one of her aunts, along with her grandmother Águeda, had approached the young woman with the pagan practices of witchcraft.

paragraph: One of the first accusations against her was that of her own father's murder, as Gonzalo de los Ríos y Encío was apparently poisoned by dinner prepared by Catalina (apparently chicken, according to Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna). This must have happened when her father was ill in bed in 1622, when she was just 18 years old. Despite her aunt reporting the crime to the authorities, Catalina was never prosecuted, either because lack of evidence or because of her family's influences.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.:Marriage.

paragraph: Her grandmother Águeda, who since her parents' death had become Catalina's tutor, as a way to change her granddaughters ways, began looking for a man with whom he would marry her, offering a generous dowry in return. She offered 45,349 pesos, a considerable amount at the time.

paragraph: In September 1626, at the age of 22, Catalina married to a Spanish colonel with succession in Maule, Alonso Campofrio de Carvajal y Riberos, whose family descended from the Counts of Urgell and the House of Barcelona.

paragraph: Alonso Campofrio immediately began to rise in public office, even replacing Catalina's relative, Rodolfo Lisperguer, as mayor. The priest who married them was Pedro de Figueroa; the legend says that Catalina never forgave him and tried to assassinate him, although according to another version she fell in love with the religious man, whom she harrassed to the point of exhaustion to no avail.

paragraph: The year after their marriage, Catalina gave birth to her first and only son, Gonzalo, who died when he was 8 or 10 years old. Approximately in 1628, her sister died in Peru, and Catalina became the owner of a large part of the land that belonged to Águeda in Chile.

paragraph: According to the historian Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna, the husband was aware of his wife's ruthless customs, but was still kind and loving towards his wife. She held him in great regard, but never came to love him.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.:Lovers.

paragraph: It is said that back in 1624, Catalina invited through a love letter a rich feudatory in Santiago to her house, although some data of this version is doubtful because according to what is recorded in Catalina's will, she did not know how to write. When she had him in her arms, Catalina killed him with knives and blamed a slave for the crime, who was subsequently executed in the Plaza de Armas.

paragraph: It is also said that she beat and stabbed a former lover, Enrique Enríquez de Guzmán of the Order of Malta, on the grounds that he had played with her feelings (since he had refused to give her a cross, symbol of nobility, in exchange for a kiss). Enríquez supposedly boasted about his love affairs to the friar Pedro de Figueroa and boasted of taking advantage of a "light" woman, in reference to Catalina.

paragraph: It is also said that she severed the left ear of Martin de Ensenada and she killed a knight of Santiago in the presence of another gentleman, after an appointed date.

paragraph: Section::::Landowner.

paragraph: Catalina became a landowner, since she inherited a lot of land from her father in the coastal valley of Longotoma and the fazenda "El Ingenio", acquiring others of no lesser connotation (both in Cuyo, beyond the Andes and in Petorca); in addition to minor properties in the suburbs of Santiago (the current commune of La Reina). She settled her residence in that fazenda (where there would still be vines planted by her). Now a wealthy landowner and rancher, Catalina personally directed the activities of the properties, riding horses through valleys where she enjoyed her living, since the city was odious.

paragraph: In 'El Ingenio', according to legend, horrible events began to occur, both during her husband's life span and after his death circa 1650. A black slave named Ñatucón-Jetón was killed, without any motive for the macabre homicide (La Quintrala then kept him unburied for two weeks). In 1633, she tried to kill Luis Vásquez, a cleric from La Ligua, who reproached Catalina for her dissipated life and cruelties.

paragraph: Her cruelty reached such an extreme that in the same year her tenants rebelled and fled towards the mountains and neighboring districts. Catalina had them brought back by force by the Royal Hearing's provisions. In charge of the job she put the steward Ascencio Erazo, who took the slaves back to the fazenda where Catalina presided over the punishments for rebellion accompanied by her nephew, Jerónimo de Altamirano. In spite of continuous denunciations of abuses and cruelties, she did not receive any punishment, because having a lot of money, she paid off judges and lawyers, as well as having numerous relatives in political positions.

paragraph: Section::::Landowner.:Intervention of justice.

paragraph: In 1660, the Real Audiencia, before the number and magnitude of the denunciations, initiated a secret official investigation, based on the accusations of the bishop Francisco Luis de Salcedo, relative of Luis Vásquez. The person in charge of the investigation was Justice Fransico de Millán.

paragraph: Millán moved Catalina, her butler and her nephew away from 'El Ingenio' so that the victims could vent their feelings about the crimes committed by their patron. The commissioner of the Hearing found sufficient evidence of the veracity of the accusations, which were forwarded to the capital. The oidor Juan de la Pena Salazar moved as a sheriff to the fazenda, arrested La Quintrala and took her to Santiago to pursue a criminal trial.

paragraph: Against Catalina, who had already been accused once of parricide and another of murder, a trial was begun for the slow and cruel slaughter of her servitude. The trial was carried out very slowly, because her relations and dirty money were spread throughout. The process, much publicized, was not exempt from the influences of her name and family relations with the hearers, who favored the defendant's case, with Catalina being attributed 40 murders, contributing to her mythical status. As a result of her influences, the trial was stalled and Catalina was released. From 1637 on she enjoyed, in addition to other things, the indigenous repartimientos of the cordilleran Eastern part of Codegua, which belonged to a congregation of Jesuits.

paragraph: Three decades later, the justice insisted on knowing the veracity of the accusations, but La Quintrala had already passed away 9 years previously.

paragraph: Section::::Widowhood and final years.

paragraph: In 1654 Catalina became a widow, with which she regained full control over the lands and businesses she shared with her husband Alonso. In January 1662, a new trial was instituted against her for various abuses and crimes committed against the slaves. That same year her nephew, Jerónimo, died, and she herself fell ill. From then on, her health deteriorated gradually until her death in 1665.

paragraph: In her will and testament, dated 1665, Catalina ordered and paid for masses both for her soul and those of her loved ones, as well as those who had lived under her charge, in the Iglesia San Augustín, as well as establishing various chaplaincies, among which is the one established in favor of Cristo de Mayo - a sculpture that, according to legend, would have belonged to her and from which she would have been liberated because she looked at it with reproach - and thus maintained annual atonement on May 13. Another smaller sum was given to her relatives and friends, with the rest of her assets auctioned for the benefit of the Augustinians.

paragraph: She died on January 15, 1655 at the age of 61 (an advanced age for the time), feared and mythologized in life, alone and despised by all, in her Santiago property adjoining the temple of San Agustín. Her funeral was lavish and she was buried, as was tradition in the Lisperguer family, in the Iglesia San Augustín, but it is unknown where exactly her tomb is.

paragraph: According to the chronicles of Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna, many of the goods were auctioned and the properties abandoned for years, due to the fear that the superstitious people had from having any relation to La Quintrala.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Her figure still lives in Chilean popular culture as the epitome of the perverse and abusive woman, as well as the oppression of Spanish rule.

paragraph: Danish composer Lars Graugaard composed an opera based on her. Graugaard's opera "La Quintrala" for five singers and interactive computer was premiered September 2, 2004 in Copenhagen.

paragraph: Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna, wrote "Los Lisperguer y La Quintrala" (1877) about her.

paragraph: Section::::Articles.

paragraph: Piedrabuena Ruiz-Tagle, Daniel. "Los Lisperguer Wittemberg: Luces y sombras de una singular familia alemana presente en la historia de España y Chile". Atenea (Concepción), Dic 2015, no.512, p.171-187. ISSN 0718-0462

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elizabeth Báthory

paragraph: BULLET::::- Delphine LaLaurie

paragraph: BULLET::::- Darya Nikolayevna Saltykova

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- On the "La Quintrala" opera

paragraph: BULLET::::-

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://lisperguerwittemberg.blogspot.com.es/

description: Chilean serial killer

wikidata_label: Catalina de los Ríos y Lisperguer

wikipedia_title: Catalina de los Ríos y Lisperguer


text: DL

text: Conservative

text: Villiers family

text: Margaret Elizabeth

text: William Henry Leigh, 2nd Baron Leigh

text: Lord-in-waiting

text: David Lloyd George

text: Child & Co

text: 5th Earl

text: Glyn, Mills & Co.

text: Francis Needham, 3rd Earl of Kilmorey

categories: Conservative Party (UK) hereditary peers,Members of Middlesex County Council,Deputy Lieutenants of Oxfordshire,Earls in the Jacobite peerage,Earls of Jersey,Villiers family,1873 births,1923 deaths

paragraph: George Child Villiers, 8th Earl of Jersey

paragraph: George Henry Robert Child Villiers, 8th Earl of Jersey DL (2 June 1873 – 31 December 1923), was a British peer and Conservative politician from the Villiers family.

paragraph: Villiers was the son of Victor Child Villiers, 7th Earl of Jersey, and the Honourable Margaret Elizabeth, daughter of William Henry Leigh, 2nd Baron Leigh. He succeeded his father in the earldom in 1915 and served briefly as a Lord-in-waiting under David Lloyd George between January and August 1919. Lord Jersey sold the Child & Co bank, part of the family's inheritance since the 5th Earl married into the Child family, to Glyn, Mills & Co. Bank in 1923.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Lord Jersey married Lady Cynthia Almina Constance Mary Needham, daughter of Francis Needham, 3rd Earl of Kilmorey, and Ellen Constance Baldock, on 8 October 1908. They had four children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- George Child Villiers, 9th Earl of Jersey (1910 – 1998).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Joan Child Villiers (1911–2010), married David Colville, (who died 1986) grandson of Charles Colville, 1st Viscount Colville of Culross.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hon. (Edward) Mansel Child Villiers (3 May 1913 – 9 March 1980), married twice (firstly 1934, diss. 1940 to Barbara Mary Frampton and secondly 1946, diss. 1971 to Princess Maria Gloria Pignatelli Aragona Cortez:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Ann Child Villiers (1916 – 2006), married (1937) Major Alexander Henry Elliot (d. 1986).

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Retrieved September 5, 2009: George Henry Robert Child-Villiers, 8th Earl of the Island Jersey


text:
Coptic Orthodox
monk
priest
Coptic saint
Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria
asceticism
Matai
El-Menya
Egypt
Christians
Monastery of Saint Samuel the Confessor
Monastery of Saint Macarius
Scetes
monk
Matai
Easter Sunday
Parmouti
Coptic Saints
Coptic Orthodox Church
Samuel of Dabra Wagag
Monastery of Saint Macarius the Great

categories: People from Minya Governorate,Coptic Orthodox saints,Coptic Orthodox Christians from Egypt,20th-century Christian saints,Egyptian Christian monks,1892 births,Egyptian people of Coptic descent,1963 deaths,Egyptian hermits

paragraph: Abdel Messih El-Makari

paragraph: Father Abdel Messih El-Makari (or El-Manahri) (11 November 1892–14 April 1963) was a Coptic Orthodox monk and priest, and a 20th-century Coptic saint. Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria testified as to his holiness and asceticism.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Father Abdel Messih El-Makari was born in 1892 in the village of Abou Shehata, Matai district, El-Menya governorate, Egypt. His father, Henein, and his mother, Esther, were both Christians. As a young adult, El-Makari left his home town for the Monastery of Saint Samuel the Confessor in el-Qalamun mountain. He did this several times, whereupon his father would come to the monastery to take him back home (events associated with the death of a large number of his father's cattle). His father later relented and allowed him to join Monastery of Saint Macarius in the desert of Scetes (Wadi El-Natrun), becoming a monk.

paragraph: He later moved to El-Manahra village, Matai. El-Makari was known for his humility and asceticism. It is said that he had the gifts of prescience, discerning of spirits and healing the sick. He was very compassionate and gave everything he was given to the needy.

paragraph: He died on Easter Sunday morning on 14 April 1963 / 6 (Parmouti 1669 A.M.)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Coptic Saints

paragraph: BULLET::::- Coptic Orthodox Church

paragraph: BULLET::::- Samuel of Dabra Wagag

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Monastery of Saint Macarius the Great

description: 20th century Coptic saint

wikidata_label: Abdel Messih El-Makari

wikipedia_title: Abdel Messih El-Makari


text: British peer

text: Governor-General of India

text: Governor of Malta

text: Marquess of Hastings

text: Lady Flora Elizabeth

text: Lady Sophia Frederica Christina

text: Straffan

text: Loudoun Castle

text: Archibald Elliot

text: Naples

text: Loudoun Kirk

categories: 19th-century Scottish people,1780 births,18th-century Scottish people,18th-century Scottish women,Hereditary women peers,Scottish countesses,British marchionesses,19th-century Scottish women,1840 deaths

paragraph: Flora Mure-Campbell, Marchioness of Hastings and 6th Countess of Loudoun (1780 – 8 January 1840) was a British peer, the second daughter of James Mure-Campbell, 5th Earl of Loudoun and Lady Flora Macleod.

paragraph: She married Francis Rawdon-Hastings, 2nd Earl of Moira, later the Governor-General of India, Governor of Malta and Marquess of Hastings, on 12 July 1804 and with him had six children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Flora Elizabeth (1806–1839), died unmarried.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hon. Francis George Augustus (1807–1807), died in infancy.

paragraph: BULLET::::- George Augustus Francis, styled Lord Rawdon, later Earl of Rawdon, later 2nd Marquess of Hastings (1808–1844)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Sophia Frederica Christina (1809–1859), married John Crichton-Stuart, 2nd Marquess of Bute and had issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Selina Constance (1810–1867), married Charles Henry, of Straffan.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Adelaide Augusta Lavinia (1812–1860), married Sir William Keith Murray.

paragraph: Around 1807 she commissioned the building of Loudoun Castle in Ayrshire, to designs by Archibald Elliot.

paragraph: Her husband died on 28 November 1826 aboard off Naples, and, following his directions, his right hand was cut off to be buried with his wife when she died. This wish was complied with, and it now rests clasped with hers in the family vault at Loudoun Kirk.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Section::::References.:Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beevor, R. J. (1931). "Hastings of Hastings". Printed for Private Circulation.

description: British noble


text:
Joseon Dynasty
Korea
Confucianism
Japanese invasions of Korea
Hanseong
King Jungjong
King Myeongjong
Yeonsangun
King Jungjong
Sarim scholars
four different purges
Yi Hwang
Yi I
Jeong Cheol
Yu Seong-ryong
Jo Gwang-jo
Third Literati Purge of 1519
Nam Gon
Sim Ui-gyeom
Kim Hyowon
Easterners
Yu Seong-ryong
Yi I
Jurchens
Japan
East Asia
Seven-Year War
Qing Dynasty
Oda Nobunaga
Toyotomi Hideyoshi
Tokugawa Ieyasu
Hwang Yun-gil
Kim Seong-Il
Beijing
Sin Rip
Yi Il
Konishi Yukinaga
Fort Busan
Fort Donglae
Jeong Bal
Song Sang-hyeon
Katō Kiyomasa
Kuroda Nagamasa
Todo Takatora
Kuki Yoshitaka
Battle of Sangju
Battle of Chungju
Pyongyang
Uiju
Yi Sun-sin
Li Rusong
Battle of Byeokjegwan
Battle of Hangju
Gwon Yul
Deoksugung
Won Gyun
Battle of Chilchonryang
Battle of Myeongnyang
Battle of Noryang
Gwanghaegun
King Jungjong of Joseon
Queen Uiin of the Bannam Park clan
Queen Inmok of the Yeonan Kim clan
Yi Hon, Crown Prince Gwanghae
Yi Bu, Prince Jeongwon
KBS2
MBC
Hur Jun
SBS
Choi Cheol-ho
KBS1
Immortal Admiral Yi Sun-sin
Tamra, the Island
Kim Chang-wan
Blades of Blood
Jeon No-min
Hur Jun, The Original Story
Jeong Bo-seok
Goddess of Fire
Lee Sung-jae
The King's Face
KBS
Park Yeong-gyu
Splendid Politics
Mirror of the Witch
MBC TV
The Flower in Prison
List of Koreans
Rulers of Korea
List of Korea-related topics

categories: 1608 deaths,1552 births,16th-century Korean monarchs,Joseon rulers

paragraph: Seonjo of Joseon

paragraph: Seonjo of Joseon (26 November 1552 – 16 March 1608) was the fourteenth king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea from 1567 to 1608. Known for encouraging Confucianism and renovating state affairs at the beginning of his reign, political chaos and his incompetent leadership during the Japanese invasions of Korea marred his later years.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Background.

paragraph: King Seonjo was born Yi Yeon in 1552 in Hanseong (today, Seoul), capital of Korea, as the third son of Prince Deokheung (덕흥군), himself son of King Jungjong and Royal Noble Consort Changbin Ahn-ssi (창빈 안씨, 1499–1549). He was given the title of Prince Haseong. When King Myeongjong died young without an heir, Prince Haseong was the next in the line of succession. Then, by decision of the royal court, he was crowned king in 1567 at the age of 16. As a result, his father was promoted to the status of Daewongun (대원군, 'Great Prince of the Court)

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early Reign (1567–1575).

paragraph: King Seonjo focused on the improvement of the lives of the common people, as well as rebuilding the nation after the political corruption during the chaotic reign of Yeonsangun and King Jungjong. He encouraged Sarim scholars, who had been persecuted by entrenched aristocrats in four different purges between 1498 and 1545 during reign of Yeosangun and Jungjong. Seonjo continued the political reforms of King Myeongjong, and put many famous Confucian scholars, including Yi Hwang, Yi I, Jeong Cheol, and Yu Seong-ryong, in office.

paragraph: Seonjo also reformed the civil service examination system, particularly the civil official qualification exam. The previous exam was mainly concerned with literature, not with politics or history. The king himself ordered the system to be reformed by increasing the importance of these other subjects. He also restored the reputations of executed scholars such as Jo Gwang-jo, who died in Third Literati Purge of 1519, and denounced the accomplishments of corrupt aristocrats, notably Nam Gon, who instigated the purge under Jungjong and contributed greatly to the corruption of the era. These acts earned the king the respect of the general populace, and the country enjoyed a brief era of peace.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Political division and East-West feud (1575–1592).

paragraph: Among the scholars King Seonjo called to the government were Sim Ui-gyeom and Kim Hyowon. Sim was a relative of the queen, and heavily conservative. Kim was the leading figure of the new generation of officials, and called for liberal reforms. The scholars who supported King Seonjo began to split into two factions, headed by Sim and Kim. Members of the two factions even lived in the same neighborhood; Sim's faction lived on west side of the city while Kim's followers gathered on the east side. Consequently, the two factions began to be called the Western Faction and the Easterners ; this two-faction based political system lasted 200 years and later helped bring about the collapse of the dynasty.

paragraph: At first the Westerners earned the favor of the king, since Sim was related to the queen and also had larger support from wealthy nobles. However, their attitudes on reformation and Sim's indicisiveness helped the Easterners take power, and the Westerners fell out of favor. Reforms were accelerated during the first period of influence of the Easterners, but then many Easterners began to urge others to slow down the reforms. The Easterners were once again divided into the Northern and the Southern Faction. Yu Seong-ryong led the Southern faction while the Northerners divided even further after arguments over many issues; the Greater Northerners Faction was an extreme leftist faction, while the Lesser Northerners Faction became less reform-minded than the Greater Northerners Faction, but still more leftist than the Southerners.

paragraph: The political divisions caused the nation to be weakened, since the size of the military was also one of the issues on the reform agenda. Yi I, a neutral conservative, urged the king to increase the size of the army to prepare against future invasions from the Jurchens and Japanese. However, both factions rejected Yi's suggestions, and the size of the army was decreased further since many believed the peaceful period would last. The Jurchens and Japanese used this opportunity to expand their influence in East Asia, resulting in the Seven-Year War, and the foundation of the Qing Dynasty in China, both of which would lead to devastation on the Korean Peninsula.

paragraph: King Seonjo faced many difficulties dealing with both new threats, sending many skilled military commanders to the northern front, while contending with Japanese leaders Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Tokugawa Ieyasu in the south. However, after Toyotomi Hideyoshi unified Japan, the Japanese soon proved themselves to be the greater threat; and many Koreans began to fear that their country would be taken over by the Japanese. Many officials concerned with the defense of the kingdom urged the king to send delegates to Hideyoshi, their major purpose being to find out whether Hideyoshi was preparing for invasion or not. However, the two government factions could not even agree on this issue of national importance; so a compromise was made and one delegate from each faction was sent to Hideyoshi. When they returned to Korea, their reports only caused more controversy and confusion. Hwang Yun-gil, of the Westerners faction, reported that Hideyoshi was raising huge numbers of troops, but Kim Seong-Il, of the Easterners faction, told the king that he thought these large forces were not for the war against Korea, since he was trying to complete his reforms quickly to prevent lawlessness and quash the bandits now roaming the countryside. Since the Easterners had the bigger voice in government at the time, Hwang's reports were ignored and Seonjo decided not to prepare for war, even though the attitude of Hideyoshi in his letter to Seonjo clearly showed his interest in the conquest of Asia.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Six-Year War (1592–1598).

paragraph: In 1591, after the delegates had returned from Japan, Toyotomi Hideyoshi sent his own delegates to visit King Seonjo, and asked permission to pass through the Korean Peninsula to invade China, in effect declaring war against the Joseon kingdom. The king was surprised; after refusing the Japanese request he sent a letter to Beijing to alert the Chinese that the Japanese were actually preparing for full-scale war against the Korean-Chinese alliance. He also ordered the construction of many forts in the coastal regions and sent generals Sin Rip and Yi Il to the southern coast to prepare for war. While the Koreans were busy making their preparations, the Japanese manufactured muskets for many of their soldiers, mobilized warriors from across the entire country.

paragraph: On April 13, 1592, about 700 Japanese ships under Konishi Yukinaga invaded Korea. Konishi easily burned Fort Busan and Fort Donglae, killed commanders Jeong Bal and Song Sang-hyeon and marched northward. On the next day even more troops under Katō Kiyomasa and Kuroda Nagamasa landed, also marching toward Hanyang. A huge Japanese fleet under Todo Takatora and Kuki Yoshitaka supported them from the sea. General Yi Il faced Katō Kiyomasa at the Battle of Sangju, which was won by Japanese. Then Yi Il met General Sin Rip, but their combined forces were also defeated at the Battle of Chungju by Konishi Yukinaga. Then Seonjo appointed General Kim Myeong-won as Commander-in-Chief and Field Marshal, and ordered him to defend the capital. Then the king moved to Pyongyang, since the Japanese began to seize the capital. He later moved even further north to the border city of Uiju just before the fall of Pyongyang. While the king was absent from the capital, many people who had lost hope in the government plundered the palace and burned many public buildings. This resulted in even more damage than that perpetrated by the Japanese after they had captured the city.

paragraph: Although the army continued to lose men and battles, the navy successfully cut the Japanese supply line from the sea; Admiral Yi Sun-sin defeated the Japanese fleet several times and did much damage to the supply ships. With the navy blocking supplies, Chinese forces under General Li Rusong arrived, and began to push the Japanese southward, eventually retaking Pyongyang. Konishi Yukinaga successfully blocked a Chinese advance at Battle of Byeokjegwan, and again tried to push the Koreans northward, but the crucial blow came at the Battle of Hangju, where General Gwon Yul defeated the Japanese with a much smaller force. The Japanese then decided to enter into peace negotiations, while both sides continued fighting. During these negotiations Koreans retook Seoul, but the palaces had all been burnt to the ground, so Seonjo repaired one of the old royal family's houses and renamed it Deoksugung, making it one of the official palaces.

paragraph: The peace negotiations between the Chinese and Japanese ended unsuccessfully, due to a lack of understanding between the two sides and misrepresentation of the Koreans. The Japanese again invaded Korea in 1597; but this time all three nations were ready for war, and the Japanese were not able to advance as easily as in 1592. The Japanese tried to take Hanyang from both land and sea routes. At first the plan seemed to work well when Todo Takatora defeated Admiral Won Gyun at the Battle of Chilchonryang, but the plan was abandoned when the Korean navy under Admiral Yi Sun-sin defeated the Japanese fleet under Todo Takatora in the Battle of Myeongnyang with only 13 ships. The battle effectively ended the war, and in 1598 the Japanese at last withdrew from Korea after the sudden death of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. The Battle of Noryang marked the end of the war, with the last Japanese units under Konishi Yukinaga leaving Korea.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Later days (1598–1608).

paragraph: Despite all the efforts put in by Seonjo during the war, such as establishing army training facilities and reforming taxation laws – people were awarded with increase of social class, exemption of labor or crimes in return for payment of tax in rice – the war left a devastated land and starving people. After the war, his wish of reconstructing the nation was impeded by the political turmoil caused by quarrelling political factions and famine. King Seonjo lost hope in governing the nation, and let his Crown Prince Gwanghaegun rule in his place. However, when the queen gave birth to a son (Gwanghaegun was the second son of Lady Kim, the king's concubine), the succession also became a matter of contention. King Seonjo died in 1608, while political division and outside threats still darkened the skies over Korea.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Father: Yi Cho, Grand Internal Prince Deokheung (2 April 1530 – 14 June 1559) (이초 덕흥대원군)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grandfather: King Jungjong of Joseon (16 April 1488 – 29 November 1544) (조선 중종)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grandmother: Royal Noble Consort Chang of the Ansan Ahn clan (1499 – 1549) (창빈 안씨)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mother: Grand Internal Princess Consort Hadong of the Hadong Jeong clan (23 September 1522 – 24 June 1567) (하동부대부인 정씨)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grandfather: Jeong Se-Ho (1486 – 1563) (정세호 )

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grandmother: Lady Lee of the Gwangju Lee clan (광주 이씨)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Consorts and their Respective Issue(s):

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Queen Uiin of the Bannam Park clan (5 May 1555 – 5 August 1600) (의인왕후 박씨)

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Queen Inmok of the Yeonan Kim clan (15 December 1584 – 13 August 1632) (인목왕후 김씨)

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Princess Jeongmyeong (27 June 1603 – 8 September 1685) (정명공주)

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Yi Ui, Grand Prince Yeongchang (12 April 1606 – 19 March 1614) (이의 영창대군)

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Royal Noble Consort Gong of the Gimhae Kim clan (16 November 1553 – 13 June 1577) (공빈 김씨)

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Yi Jin, Prince Imhae (20 September 1572 – 3 June 1609) (이진 임해군)

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Yi Hon, Crown Prince Gwanghae (4 June 1575 – 7 August 1641) (이혼 광해세자)

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Royal Noble Consort In of the Suwon Kim clan (1555 – 29 October 1613) (인빈 김씨)

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Yi Seong, Prince Uian (1577 – 24 February 1588) (이성 의안군)

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Yi Ho, Prince Shinseong (6 January 1579 – 8 December 1592) (이후 신성군)

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Yi Bu, Prince Jeongwon (2 August 1580 – 29 December 1619) (이부 정원군)

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Princess Jeongsin (1583 – 1653) (정신옹주)

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Princess Jeonghye (22 March 1584 – 1638) (정혜옹주)

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Princess Jeongsuk (1587 – 6 November 1627) (정숙옹주)

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Yi Gwang, Prince Uichang (1589 – 1645) (이광 의창군)

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Princess Jeongan (1590 – 1660) (정안옹주)

paragraph: BULLET::::9. Princess Jeonghwi (1593 – 15 July 1653) (정휘옹주)

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Royal Noble Consort Sun of the Gimhae Kim clan (순빈 김씨)

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Yi Bu, Prince Sunhwa (10 October 1580 – 18 March 1607) (이부 순화군)

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Yeoheung Min clan (1567 – 1626) (정빈 민씨)

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Yi Gong, Prince Inseong (29 October 1588 – 20 May 1628) (이공 인성군)

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Princess Jeongin (1590 – 10 January 1656) (정인옹주)

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Princess Jeongseon (1 April 1594 – 1 August 1614) (정선옹주)

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Princess Jeonggeun (1601 – 11 July 1613) (정근옹주)

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Yi Yeong, Prince Inheung (1604 – 1651) (이영 인흥군)

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Namyang Hong clan (27 July 1563 – 1 March 1638) (정빈 홍씨)

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Princess Jeongjeong (1595 – 1666) (정정옹주)

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Yi Ju, Prince Gyeongchang (23 September 1596 – 16 January 1644) (이주 경창군)

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Royal Noble Consort On of the Cheongju Han clan (1581 – 1664) (온빈 한씨)

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Yi Je, Prince Heungan (1598 – 21 February 1624) (이제 흥안군)

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Yi Reuk, Prince Gyeongpyeong (June 1600 – 28 November 1673) (이륵 경평군)

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Princess Jeonghwa (1604 – 1667) (정화옹주)

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Yi Gye, Prince Yeongseon (24 December 1605 – 1649) (이계 영선군)

paragraph: BULLET::::9. Royal Consort Gwi-in of the Jeong clan (귀인 정씨)

paragraph: BULLET::::10. Royal Consort Suk-ui of the Jeong clan (숙의 정씨)

paragraph: BULLET::::11. Royal Consort So-won of the Yun clan (소원 윤씨)

paragraph: Section::::His full posthumous name.

paragraph: BULLET::::- English: King Seonjo Sogyung Jeongryun Ripgeuk Seongdeok Hongryeol Jiseong Daeeui Gyeokcheon Heeun Gyungmyung Sinryeok Honggong Yungeop Hyeonmun Euimu Seongye Dalhyo the Great of Korea

paragraph: BULLET::::- Korean:

paragraph: Section::::Modern depictions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Kim Sung-ok in the 1995 KBS2 TV series "West Palace".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Park Chan-hwan in the 1999-2000 MBC TV series "Hur Jun".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Im Dong-jin in the 2003 SBS "The King's Woman".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Choi Cheol-ho in the 2004-2005 KBS1 TV series "Immortal Admiral Yi Sun-sin".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Lee Ho Seong in the 2009 MBC TV series "Tamra, the Island".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Kim Chang-wan in the 2010 film "Blades of Blood".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Jeon No-min in the 2013 MBC TV series "Hur Jun, The Original Story".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Jeong Bo-seok in the 2013 MBC TV series "Goddess of Fire".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Lee Sung-jae in the 2014 KBS2 TV series "The King's Face".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Kim Tae-woo in the 2015 KBS TV series "Jingbirok: Blood-stained Lesson of the Imjin War".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Park Yeong-gyu in the 2015 MBC TV series "Splendid Politics".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Lee Ji Hoon Mirror of the Witch".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrayed by Kim Hyun-bin in the 2016 MBC TV series "The Flower in Prison".

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Koreans

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rulers of Korea

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Korea-related topics

description: 14th King of Joseon Dynasty in Korean history

wikidata_label: Seonjo of Joseon

wikipedia_title: Seonjo of Joseon


text:
galvanised
wire sculpture
Society of Wildlife Artists
Royal British Society of Sculptors
Society of Animal Artists
Wimbledon College of Art
Bachelor of Arts
Camberwell College of Arts
Royal College of Art
wire sculpture
wire mesh
armature
enamel paint
BBC Wildlife
Historic Royal Palaces
Royal Menagerie
Tower of London
Regents Park
London Zoo
London Underground
Platform for Art
Gloucester Road tube station
Jubilee line
London Waterloo station
Astley's Amphitheatre
circus ring
Parnham House
Beaminster
Gloucester Road Underground station
Society of Wildlife Artists
Royal College of Art
Minsmere RSPB reserve
London Underground
Bandhavgarh,
The Burrell Collection
Glasgow Museums & Art Galleries
Chimei Museum
Tainan
Cannon Hall
National Museum of Wildlife Art
BBC Wildlife
Guy Portelli
Society of Wildlife Artists
Royal British Society of Sculptors
Society of Animal Artists
Kendra Haste website

categories: British women sculptors,People from Putney,Animal artists,People associated with the Royal College of Art,1971 births,Living people,21st-century British sculptors

paragraph: Kendra Haste

paragraph: Kendra Haste (born 1971) is a British wildlife sculptor who produces both public and privately commissioned sculpture using galvanised chicken wire mesh to create wire sculptures of wild animals. She is a member of the Society of Wildlife Artists, the Royal British Society of Sculptors and the Society of Animal Artists. She lives in Surrey, UK.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Haste was born in 1971 in Putney, a suburb of south west London, UK, where she grew up. She graduated from the Wimbledon College of Art in 1990, and in 1993 earned a Bachelor of Arts with Honours in illustration from the Camberwell College of Arts.

paragraph: Haste went on to graduate from the Royal College of Art, where she first became interested in wire sculpture, using galvanised wire mesh over a steel armature, later on using the wire mesh as sculpting material on its own for indoor work. Haste's sculptures are generally created by building up many layers of wire mesh over the steel armature skeleton, spray finished with enamel paint.

paragraph: In 1999, her sculpture of a baboon won the BBC Wildlife Art Award.

paragraph: Kendra Haste lives in Surrey, UK.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Historic Royal Palaces commission.

paragraph: In 2010 Haste was commissioned by Historic Royal Palaces to create a series of pieces, (thirteen in total), which tell the story of the Royal Menagerie that had existed at the Tower of London from 1210 until 1833. Throughout the 600 years that there was a menagerie at the Tower of London, apes and monkeys were always a feature. Baboons roamed the Tower freely until, in 1833, a child was killed by their aggressive behaviour. Soon after, the entire menagerie was moved to Regents Park, to become what is today the London Zoo. Using research from the Tower of London archives, Haste returned the animals to their original locations around the Tower.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Waterloo Elephant.

paragraph: Haste's Waterloo "Elephant" was originally commissioned by the London Underground as part of its Platform for Art programme and set up at the Gloucester Road tube station. After the success of Haste's "Underground Safari" pieces, the London Underground purchased the African elephant sculpture and installed it near the ticket hall of a new Jubilee line extension at the London Waterloo station. The new location is on the site of the old Astley's Amphitheatre – sometimes considered the world's first circus ring – where in 1828 an elephant that was part of the show was frightened and blundered into the crowd.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Solo.

paragraph: Haste's solo exhibitions include:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Parnham House, Beaminster, Dorset, (1998),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Underground Safari", Gloucester Road Underground station, (2000),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "NDUTU", Davies & Tooth, Air Gallery, London (2003),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "NDUTU", Midlands Art Centre, Birmingham.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Group.

paragraph: Haste's participation in group exhibitions include:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Annual Exhibition, Society of Wildlife Artists, (1995-9),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Born Free Exhibition", Fitchs Ark, London, (1996),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Art of the Rainforest", Nature in Art, Gloucester, (1997),

paragraph: BULLET::::- MA Degree show, Royal College of Art, London, (1998),

paragraph: BULLET::::- Graduate Multi-media Show, Candid Arts Trust, (1998),

paragraph: BULLET::::- Graduate Exhibition, Minsmere RSPB reserve, Suffolk, UK, (1998),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nature", Collyer Bristow Gallery, London, (1999),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Young British Sculptors", Beaux Arts Gallery, Bath, UK, (2000),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Underground Safari", London Underground, (2001),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wild Tigers of Bandhavgarh," The Burrell Collection, Glasgow Museums & Art Galleries, (2000),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Art 2001", Davies and Tooth, London, (2001),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Three generations of Sculptors", Beaux Arts Gallery, Bath, UK (2001),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Art London", Davies and Tooth, London, (2001),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Patrick Davies Contemporary Art", (2003),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Let's Dance! Animals – Art and Design Exhibition," Chimei Museum, Tainan (2016).

paragraph: Section::::Other works.

paragraph: Other works by Haste include:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rhinoceros", Cannon Hall, Yorkshire, UK,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bison Head" (2016) National Museum of Wildlife Art, Jackson, Wyoming,

paragraph: Section::::Awards and affiliations.

paragraph: Haste won the Artists for Nature Foundation Award (where she is a member) in 1997, the Dale Rowney Illustration award in 1998, and the BBC Wildlife Art Award in 1999. Haste is featured among 95 sculptors in Guy Portelli's book "Modern British Sculpture".

paragraph: Haste is a member of the Society of Wildlife Artists, the Royal British Society of Sculptors and a signature member of the Society of Animal Artists.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kendra Haste website

description: British sculptor

wikidata_label: Kendra Haste

wikipedia_title: Kendra Haste


text: prelate

text: Roman Catholic Church

text: Bishop of Phoenix

text: Bishop of Wichita

text: Oketo, Kansas

text: Beattie

text: grade school

text: high school

text: Summerfield

text: St. Thomas Aquinas Seminary

text: Denver, Colorado

text: B.A. in Philosophy

text: ordained

text: priesthood

text: Diocese of Lincoln

text: Nebraska

text: associate pastor

text: doctoral

text: Rome

text: doctorate in canon law

text: summa cum laude

text: Pontifical Gregorian University

text: Vatican Secretariat of State

text: spiritual director

text: Pontifical North American College

text: United States

text: pastor

text: St. Vincent de Paul Church

text: Seward

text: Diocesan Tribunal

text: Dean

text: President

text: Rector

text: Pontifical College Josephinum

text: Worthington, Ohio

text: Coadjutor Bishop

text: Wichita, Kansas

text: Pope John Paul II

text: episcopal consecration

text: Eugene Gerber

text: James Keleher

text: Bishop Fabian Bruskewitz

text: co-consecrators

text: Century II Convention Center

text: motto

text: Blessed

text: Charles de Foucauld

text: Bishop of Wichita

text: Bishop of Phoenix

text: installed

text: Bishop Thomas O'Brien

text: hit-and-run car accident

text: 2008 presidential election

text: abortion

text: lawsuits

text: YouTube

text: Apostolic Administrator

text: Roman Catholic Diocese of Gallup

text: New Mexico

text: James S. Wall

text: Arizona SB 1070

text: President

text: Barack Obama

text: restrictions

text: embryonic stem cell research

text: embryo

text: homicidal

text: University of Notre Dame

text: Pope Francis

text: Margaret McBride

text: abortion

text: pulmonary hypertension

text: Diocese of Phoenix

text: Sacrament of Penance

text: Catholic Church hierarchy

text: Catholic Church in the United States

categories: Roman Catholic Diocese of Lincoln,Roman Catholic bishops of Phoenix,1947 births,People from Marshall County, Kansas,21st-century Roman Catholic bishops,Catholic Church in Kansas,Pontifical College Josephinum faculty,Living people

paragraph: Thomas Olmsted

paragraph: Thomas James Olmsted (born January 21, 1947) is an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He is the fourth and current Bishop of Phoenix. He was Bishop of Wichita from 2001 to 2003.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Thomas James Olmsted was born in Oketo, Kansas, to Pat and Helen Olmsted; he has two brothers and three sisters. Raised on a farm in Beattie, he attended a single-room grade school and a small rural high school in Summerfield. He then studied at St. Thomas Aquinas Seminary in Denver, Colorado, where he obtained a B.A. in Philosophy in 1969.

paragraph: Section::::Priesthood.

paragraph: Olmsted was ordained to the priesthood on July 2, 1973, for the Diocese of Lincoln, Nebraska. He then served as an associate pastor at the Cathedral of the Risen Christ until 1976, when he began his doctoral studies in Rome.

paragraph: Olmsted earned a doctorate in canon law "summa cum laude" from the Pontifical Gregorian University in 1981, and served as an official in the Vatican Secretariat of State from 1979 to 1988. During his time in Rome, he was also an assistant spiritual director at the Pontifical North American College.

paragraph: Upon his return to the United States in 1989, Olmsted was named both pastor of St. Vincent de Paul Church in Seward and Promoter of Justice for the Diocesan Tribunal. He later became Dean of Formation (1993) and President-Rector (1997) at the Pontifical College Josephinum in Worthington, Ohio.

paragraph: Section::::Episcopal career.

paragraph: Section::::Episcopal career.:Bishop of Wichita.

paragraph: On February 16, 1999, Olmsted was appointed Coadjutor Bishop of Wichita, Kansas, by Pope John Paul II. He received his episcopal consecration on the following April 20 from Bishop Eugene Gerber, with Archbishop James Keleher and Bishop Fabian Bruskewitz serving as co-consecrators, at the Century II Convention Center. He selected as his episcopal motto: "Jesus Caritas", or "Love of Jesus", the name of the priestly fraternity, founded by the Blessed Charles de Foucauld, to which he has belonged since 1974. He succeeded Eugene Gerber as the seventh Bishop of Wichita upon Gerber's retirement on October 4, 2001.

paragraph: Section::::Episcopal career.:Bishop of Phoenix.

paragraph: Olmsted was later named the fourth Bishop of Phoenix on November 25, 2003. Formally installed on December 20 of that year, he replaced Bishop Thomas O'Brien, who resigned after being arrested for his involvement in a fatal hit-and-run car accident.

paragraph: BULLET::::- During the 2008 presidential election, Olmsted declared a candidate's position on abortion to be the most important consideration for voters, stating, "When it comes to direct attacks on innocent human life, being right on all the other issues can never justify a wrong choice on this most serious matter."

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 2008, after the diocese had spent several million dollars to settle about 20 lawsuits, Olmsted led an initiative to shield diocesan assets from further sex abuse claims by incorporating local parishes individually.

paragraph: BULLET::::- On September 12, 2008, Olmsted released a YouTube video urging Arizona voters to vote for Proposition 102, a referendum to amend the Arizona constitution to define marriage as the union of one man and one woman.

paragraph: BULLET::::- From January 2008 to February 2009, he was Apostolic Administrator of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Gallup, New Mexico, acting as that diocese's interim leader until the appointment of James S. Wall.

paragraph: BULLET::::- On March 8, 2010, Olmsted, as Bishop of Phoenix, joined in signing a letter with two other bishops of Arizona in expressing concern over Arizona SB 1070 indicating that if passed it might instill fear in those illegal immigrants who are victims of crime and deter them from going to the police out of fears of deportation.

paragraph: BULLET::::- On March 10, 2009, Olmsted spoke against President Barack Obama's decision to reverse restrictions on embryonic stem cell research, saying, "American taxpayers will now be paying for the killing of human beings at a very early stage in their lives (as embryos), so that scientific research can make use of them for experiments that may or may not yield positive results." He also referred to embryonic stem cell research as "homicidal research".

paragraph: BULLET::::- In March 2009, the Bishop criticized the University of Notre Dame for selecting Obama as the commencement speaker for its graduation ceremony and awarding him an honorary doctoral degree, calling the choice a "grave mistake." Olmsted said that Notre Dame's actions went against a previous decision of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops in their June 2004 Statement “Catholics in Political Life”: "The Catholic community and Catholic institutions should not honor those who act in defiance of our fundamental moral principles. They should not be given awards, honors or platforms which would suggest support for their actions."

paragraph: BULLET::::- Under Olmsted's tutelage, the Diocese of Phoenix researched and cataloged an index of its clergymen accused of sexually abusing children and released some of their identities to the public. The Diocese put out a list of sexually abusive clergymen on its website. Joe Baca, the Phoenix director of the Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests stated: "It's the right thing to do and I've got to give them that much. They need to use these names to help victims to come forward. But you know, there's still more they can do."

paragraph: Section::::Episcopal career.:Apostolic Administrator, Eparch of Phoenix.

paragraph: On August 1, 2018, Pope Francis named Olmsted as Apostolic Administrator "sede plena" of the Ruthenian Catholic Eparchy of the Holy Protection of Mary of Phoenix

paragraph: Section::::Excommunication of Margaret McBride.

paragraph: In May 2010, Olmsted declared that Sister Margaret McBride, who served on the ethics committee of St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center in Phoenix, was automatically excommunicated after permitting an abortion at St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center. McBride allowed doctors to perform an abortion on a mother of four who was 11 weeks pregnant and suffering from pulmonary hypertension. Hospital doctors had estimated that the woman's chance of dying if she continued the pregnancy was "close to 100 percent".

paragraph: McBride has been accused of permitting a "direct abortion," which according to the Catholic Church's position is always wrong. The Diocese of Phoenix stated that she was excommunicated because “she gave her consent that the abortion was a morally good and allowable act according to Church teaching" admitting this directly to Bishop Olmsted. "Since she gave her consent and encouraged an abortion she automatically excommunicated herself from the Church.”

paragraph: As a result of the above case, and because hospital management would not refuse to perform similar abortions in the future, Olmsted announced on December 21, 2010, that the Diocese of Phoenix was severing its ties with St. Joseph's Hospital in mid-town Phoenix and that the facility could no longer be called "a Catholic hospital". Olmsted is attempting to work with the hospital to help them fulfill requirements of self-identified Catholic institutions. In order to return to full communion with the Catholic Church, McBride would need to admit and confess her sin to a priest through the Sacrament of Penance. , McBride had reconciled with the Church and was considered in good standing.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church hierarchy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church in the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roman Catholic Diocese of Phoenix Official Site

description: Roman Catholic prelate; 4th Bishop of the Diocese of Phoenix, Arizona

wikidata_label: Thomas Olmsted

wikipedia_title: Thomas Olmsted


text: Covent Garden Theatre

text: Theatre Royal, Dublin

text: Theatre Royal, Edinburgh

text: Theatre Royal Haymarket

text: Shakespearean comedies

text: Hamlet

text: extra-marital affairs

text: Covent Garden Theatre

text: John Rich

text: Hugh Kelly

text: violinist

text: Yorkshire

text: James William Dodd

text: Newbury

text: Bristol

text: Bristol

text: prejudices

text: Tate Wilkinson

text: harlequin

text: Scotland

text: Dumfries

text: comedy

text: horsemanship

text: wine

text: Susanna Centlivre

text: The Good-Natur'd Man

text: She Stoops to Conquer

text: The Rivals

text: Shakespeare comedies

text: tragic heroine

text: King Lear

text: Portia

text: The Merchant of Venice

text: She Stoops to Conquer

text: Oliver Goldsmith

text: Samuel Johnson

text: Joshua Reynolds

text: Ann Catley

text: George Colman

text: Much Ado About Nothing

text: Theatre Royal, Dublin

text: The Clandestine Marriage

text: Arthur Murphy

text: Nicholas Rowe

text: The Country Girl

text: Shrewsbury Chronicle

text: Richard III

text: Bell's

text: Merchant of Venice

text: moralists

text: Oxford Dictionary of National Biography

text: Theatre Royal, Edinburgh

text: Caledonian Mercury

text: Susanna Centlivre

text: George Farquhar

text: The Maid of the Oaks

text: Samuel Foote

text: minuet

text: Hamlet

text: The Clandestine Marriage

text: The Jealous Wife

text: A Trip to Scarborough

text: The Critic

text: epilogue

text: Rule a Wife and Have a Wife

text: Isaac Bickerstaffe

text: Rule a Wife and Have a Wife

text: School for Scandal

text: Much Ado About Nothing

text: John Vanburgh

text: Colley Cibber

text: Richard Steele

text: The Maid of the Oaks

text: The School for Wives

text: John O'Keeffe

text: Lady Teazle

text: The Heiress

text: Arthur Murphy

text: The Beaux' Stratagem

text: The Tempest

text: The Heiress

text: The Maid of the Oaks

text: The Brothers

text: Andrew Macdonald

text: Lady Macbeth

text: David Garrick

text: Elizabeth Inchbald

text: The Miser

text: The Fashionable Lover

text: Charlotte Charke

text: Haymarket Theatre

text: Continent

categories: English stage actresses,English women comedians,English Shakespearean actresses,Actresses from London,1792 deaths,18th-century English actresses

paragraph: Mary Bulkley

paragraph: Mary Bulkley, née Wilford (1747/8 – 1792), known professionally as Mrs Bulkley, Miss Bulkley, and later Mrs Barresford, was an English eighteenth-century dancer and comedy stage actress. She performed at various theatres, especially Covent Garden Theatre, the Theatre Royal, Dublin, the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, the Theatre Royal Haymarket and Shrewsbury Theatre. She performed in all or most of the Shakespearean comedies, and in several tragedies, besides many contemporary comedy plays. She played the part of Hamlet at least twice. She was considered a beauty when young, and her talent was praised. She married George Bulkley and later Captain Ebenezer Barresford, and openly took several lovers. Her early career was successful, but later she was hissed on stage due to her extra-marital affairs, and she died in poverty.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: Her father was Edward Wilford (d. 1789), an official and treasurer at the Covent Garden Theatre. Because her uncle by marriage John Rich owned the theatre, Mary grew up "in some comfort" in a theatrical environment. By the time she was nineteen or twenty years old, she was beautiful, but "could not sing". Hugh Kelly described her:

paragraph: Blest with a person wholly without fault;br

paragraph: Tho' polish'd, gay, and natural, though taught,br

paragraph: See where that Wilford elegantly moves,br

paragraph: Leads up the graces, and commands the loves.

paragraph: In the same year, the following poem was anonymously dedicated to her in a newspaper:

paragraph: How various are the shapes she wearsbr

paragraph: How lovely she's in all!br

paragraph: Applauding multitudes she chears,br

paragraph: Admirers hopeless fall.br

paragraph: ... Yet (blessings on the pious carebr

paragraph: That rear's the tender frame)br

paragraph: One here hath claim to all that sharebr

paragraph: And Wilford is her name.

paragraph: Section::::Background.:Marriages and affairs.

paragraph: On 9 (or 16) August 1767 at Chelsea, when she was about twenty years old, she married George Jackson Bulkley (1742–1784) in Haymarket. He was a Covent Garden orchestra violinist from Yorkshire. George Bulkley was "grateful" and "useful", but "dull." Mary had at least three children, all born during her affair with singer and comedy actor James William Dodd (c. 1740 – 1796). The first was Mary Elizabeth Bulkley (1768–1859), baptised on 9 November 1768 at St Paul Covent Garden. The second was George Wilford Bulkley (1769–1844), a Newbury and London solicitor. The third was William Fisher Bulkley (1771–1810), baptised 26 September 1771 at Bristol.

paragraph: Following the affair with Dodd at the King Street Theatre, Bristol, in 1768, there was a scandal. Dodd's wife died after about a year, and public sympathy waned as a result. Nevertheless, Mary went with Dodd to Dublin in 1774, but had poor reviews because "Some recent transactions had excited strong prejudices against them." This left Dodd and Mary without money, so for a while she went home to her husband. However she went to live again with Dodd, and worked successfully in 1779 with Tate Wilkinson, manager of the Yorkshire Circuit. In due course there was a scandal involving Mary's affairs when she went to live with harlequin John Banks in Scotland, and with actor John (or James) Brown Williamson (d. 1802) around 1782.

paragraph: Having become a widow in 1784, she married Captain Ebenezer Barresford on 22 July 1788, but by 1791 she was "drinking heavily." Her carriage, overturning on Edinburgh's North Bridge in 1785, caused "hurt," preventing her from performing the following night. That injury may also have contributed to the increase in her drinking. She became "old – sickly – and with a very red face." On 19 September 1792, at the age of forty-four, she died in "wretched pecuniary circumstances" in Dumfries, where she was buried in St Michael's churchyard, "not far from where Burns lies."

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Mary was a member of the Covent Garden theatre company between 1761 and 1780 or 1781, however her Covent Garden debut in 1758 at the age of ten years was as a dancer. She continued as a dancer there until 1765, when at around 18 years old she first performed as a comedy actress. In 1769 she was involved in a horsemanship display, assisting Mr Hyam who "would drink a glass of wine standing upright on two horses at full speed."

paragraph: During her career, Mary performed in many plays and only some of them are listed below. Her debut as a comedian was at Covent Garden, as Miranda in "The Busie Body", by Susanna Centlivre (1709). At the same theatre she performed in the premières of several plays which are now well known. For example, "The Good-Natur'd Man" (as Miss Richland, 1768), "She Stoops to Conquer" (as Constantia Hardcastle, 1773), and "The Rivals" (as Julia Melville, 1775). Although eighteenth-century scholars took care to preserve the accuracy of printed versions of Shakespeare's plays, those plays were heavily edited for performance, to suit contemporary language and taste. In that environment, Mary performed in all the Shakespeare comedies, but also played the tragic heroine Cordelia in "King Lear", and Portia in "The Merchant of Venice".

paragraph: Section::::Career.:At Covent Garden.

paragraph: In 1773, the première of "She Stoops to Conquer" by Goldsmith was received at Covent Garden with "great applause," being the "only new comedy that had appeared in (the) theatre for some years." Mary Bulkley played Miss Hardcastle and performed the epilogue, but Hardcastle's song, "The Humours of Ballamagairy" was omitted because Bulkley could not sing. Present at rehearsals for this première were Oliver Goldsmith, Samuel Johnson and Joshua Reynolds. There was an onstage argument between Mary Bulkley and Ann Catley about who should perform the epilogue, and Goldsmith even suggested rewriting it so that they should perform it together, quarrelling in character, but the owner-director George Colman decided that Bulkley should perform it.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Performing with Dodd in Dublin and Shrewsbury.

paragraph: On 29 May 1774 Mary arrived with her lover Dodd in Dublin. Her first engagement was to play Beatrice in "Much Ado About Nothing" at the Theatre Royal, Dublin. This play was billed as a "revival" in the "Sanders's News-Letter." On one occasion the performance was short enough to be followed by a farce called "Miss in her Teens," with Mrs Bulkley in the line-up. A few days later, they were both in "The Clandestine Marriage" and a farce called "The Citizen" by Arthur Murphy. In 1775 and 1776 they were in several plays at Shrewsbury Theatre: in 1775 these were "Jane Shore" by Nicholas Rowe, "The English Tars in India," "The Country Girl," and "The Life and Death of Julius Caesar." A 1775 review in the "Shrewsbury Chronicle" says: "The performance was universally well received; Mr Dodd and Mrs Bulkley, both in play and farce, displayed, as usual, the most pleasing and excellent abilities as comedians, and gave general satisfaction." In 1776 they played "Richard III", and a farce called "Bonton" or "High Life Above Stairs."

paragraph: Section::::Career.:At Covent Garden again.

paragraph: It was between 1776 and 1778 that the engraved portraits of Mary Buckley in performance began to appear in Bell's "British Theatre." On the other hand, during the 1779–1780 season, the audience hissed her on one occasion because it had become public knowledge that she had "taken the son of her long-term lover to her bed". She interrupted a performance of the "Merchant of Venice", in which she was playing Portia, to respond onstage that, "as an actress she had always done her best to oblige the Public; and as to her private character, she begged to be excused”. Her career began to decline after this, and she appeared at Covent Garden less frequently.

paragraph: During the 1783–1784 season she was again hissed onstage, due to audience disapproval of her affairs. Nevertheless, for most of her career her beauty and talent outbalanced her disfavour with moralists, and earned her "poems of praise."

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Performing with John Banks in Edinburgh.

paragraph: It was perhaps around 1781 that she arrived in Edinburgh with John Banks. When Williamson arrived the same year and took her attention, Banks challenged Williamson and struck him in the dressing room, with no effect on Bulkley's affections.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Performing with Williamson in Edinburgh.

paragraph: The "Oxford Dictionary of National Biography" says that "public disapproval followed Mary to Scotland," but she did not seem to give up. However, on her arrival in January 1782 a spat with the acting manager of the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh, Jackson, about which parts she should take, occasioned a long letter to the "Caledonian Mercury", requesting public support. Jackson replied with a long, detailed response in February, below a Royal Theatre playbill omitting Bulkley's name, saying that he would take no notice of her letters. This was followed at the end of April in the same newspaper by an angry exchange of letters between Bulkley's lover Williamson and Jackson, on the subject of payments and credit, in which Williamson pretends that Mrs Bulkley is his wife.

paragraph: In 1782, Mary was indeed performing at the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh with her lover Williamson. They were in the comedy, "Wonder, a Woman Keeps a Secret" by Susanna Centlivre, and the farce "Three Weeks After Marriage" by Arthur Murphy. They also played in "The Constant Couple" by George Farquhar, and "The Rivals," as well as "The Maid of the Oaks" and "An Englishman in Paris" by Samuel Foote which both featured a minuet performed by Williamson and Bulkley.

paragraph: On 23 March 1784, she played the part of Hamlet successfully. By April 1785, Bulkley was still performing in Edinburgh, but without Williamson, in "The Clandestine Marriage," "The Jealous Wife" and "A Trip to Scarborough", "The Critic", and reciting the epilogue "Belles Have At Ye All" by Thomas Covey. Still apparently without Williamson, in May she was performing "Rule a Wife and Have a Wife," a farce called "Deuce Is In Him" by George Coleman, "Wonder; A Woman Keeps a Secret", and "The Sultan" by Isaac Bickerstaffe. In the same month she played the part of Hamlet, played in "Rule a Wife and Have a Wife," "School for Scandal," "A Trip to Scarborough" and "Three Weeks After Marriage," and again performed "Belles Have At Ye All," and "Deuce Is In Him."

paragraph: By 1788 she was performing with Williamson in Edinburgh again, in "Much Ado About Nothing," "The Sultan," and "Provok'd Husband" by John Vanburgh and Colley Cibber, "Tender Husband," by Richard Steele, "The Wonder; A Woman Keeps a Secret," "Belles Have At Ye All," "The Maid of the Oaks," "The School for Wives," "Young Quaker" by John O'Keeffe, "The Deuce Is In Him," and performing a dance called "Jamie's Return," besides the Williamson and Bulkley minuet.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Performing as Mrs Barresford.

paragraph: During this period, Williamson is often recorded on playbills as acting alongside her. As Mrs Barresford, she performed in Edinburgh between 1789 and 1791. She was nearing the end of her life and was perhaps already ill, but she was apparently working regularly, and still received praise from the manager, Jackson: "How admirably Mr King is supported by Mrs Barresford's performance – her merits as an actress are universally allowed; and, for my own part, I cannot say that ever I saw her in any character she did not support according to my most sanguine expectations. Mr King's Sir Peter, and her Lady Teazle, was as complete a piece of acting as one could see within the walls of a Theatre."

paragraph: In 1789 she was in "The Clandestine Marriage" and "The Citizen". She played in "The English Merchant" by George Colman, "The Pannel" and "The Heiress". She was in "All in the Wrong" by Arthur Murphy, "English Merchant" by George Colman, "The Beaux' Stratagem", "The Critic", and "The Pannel". In 1790 she played Hippolyta in "The Tempest", Fatima in "Cymon", Lady Gayville in "The Heiress", Lady Lardoon in the farce "The Maid of the Oaks" which included the Williamson and Barresford minuet, "The Brothers", "Three Weeks After Marriage", and she spoke the epilogue to "Vimonda" by Andrew Macdonald. In 1791 she played Lady Macbeth for the first time, and at the end of the play danced a minuet with Mr Aldridge. On the same night she played a fine lady in the farce "Lethe", or "Aesop in the Shade" by David Garrick. She appeared in "I'll Tell You What" by Elizabeth Inchbald, and in "The Miser". She played the Queen in "Hamlet", and was in the farce "Three Weeks After Marriage" again, "The Fashionable Lover" with her usual minuet, and "Tit For Tat" by Charlotte Charke. She was engaged for the 1792 season, but it is not known whether she performed that year.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Decline 1780–1792.

paragraph: During her Edinburgh years she was employed for the summer seasons at the Haymarket Theatre. She managed to work Drury Lane briefly in 1782, and for the 1783–1784 season, and one Covent Garden appearance in 1789–1790. There was little work during winter months. During 1784 she worked with strolling actors in Shrewsbury. At one point she was rescued by John Jackson of the Theatre Royal, Edinburgh. She was with the Theatre Royal Edinburgh company until 1791, around the time when Williamson became deputy manager. After her death he performed on the Continent and in America, to little success.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Section::::References.:Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- G. W. Stone, ed., T"he London stage, 1660–1800", pt 4: 1747–1776 (1962)

paragraph: BULLET::::- C. B. Hogan, ed., "The London stage, 1660–1800", pt 5: 1776–1800 (1968)

paragraph: BULLET::::- D. M. Little and G. M. Kahrl, ed., "The letters of David Garrick", 3 vols. (1963)

paragraph: BULLET::::- J. Haslewood, "The secret history of the green rooms: containing authentic and entertaining memoirs of the actors and actresses in the three theatres royal", 2 vols. (1790)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ipswich Journal", Saturday 21 March 1772 p2 col4: Prologue to "A Wife in the Right" by Mr Colman; as performed by Mrs Bulkley

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Derby Mercury" – Thursday 10 July 1783 p3 col1: Prologue to "A Friend in Need is a Friend Indeed" by George Colman, as performed by Mrs Bulkley

alias:
Mary Barrisford
Mrs. Bulkley

description: English dancer and actress

wikidata_label: Mary Bulkley

wikipedia_title: Mary Bulkley


text:
Kingdom of Italy
Molise
Enrico D'Ovidio
Gustavo Sannia

categories: 20th-century Italian mathematicians,20th-century Italian politicians,1822 births,Members of the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy,Commanders of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus,Italian mathematicians,Recipients of the Order of the Crown (Italy)

paragraph: Achille Sannia

paragraph: Achille Sannia (April 14, 1822 – August 2, 1892) was an Italian mathematician and politician.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Achille Sannia was a senator of the Kingdom of Italy in the seventeenth legislature.

paragraph: He was born in Campobasso and later moved from Molise to Naples to continue his studies together with Enrico D'Ovidio.

paragraph: He first taught in a private school before moving to the University in 1865 as a professor of geometry. In 1871 he created a school of electrical engineering. He wrote two important treatises, one concerning projective geometry and the other elementary geometry. He was a member of the Academy of Sciences.

paragraph: He had a son, Gustavo Sannia, also a mathematician.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Planimetry, with Enrico D'Ovidio, Stab. typ. of the fine arts, Naples 1869, II ed. 1871

paragraph: BULLET::::- Geometry elements, with Enrico D'Ovidio, (14 editions), Naples 1868-69, 12th edition, B. Pellerano LC Scientific and Industrial Library successor, Naples 1906

paragraph: BULLET::::- Projection Geometry Lessons dictated in the Royal University of Naples by Prof. Achille Sannia- Ed. Pellerano Naples 1891 of 691pagg.

description: Italian mathematician and politician

wikidata_label: Achille Sannia

wikipedia_title: Achille Sannia


text: Engelberg

text: Switzerland

text: Motopark Academy

text: Charouz Racing System

text: FIA Formula 3 Championship

text: Official website

categories: 1999 births,Living people,Swiss racing drivers

paragraph: Fabio Scherer

paragraph: Fabio Scherer (born 13 June 1999 in Engelberg) is a racing driver from Switzerland. He competed for Motopark Academy in the 2018 FIA Formula 3 European Championship.

paragraph: Scherer will compete for Charouz Racing System in the new FIA Formula 3 Championship for 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Career results.

paragraph: Season still in progress.

paragraph: Section::::Career results.:Complete FIA Formula 3 Championship results.

paragraph: Season still in progress.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Official website

description: Swiss racing driver

wikidata_label: Fabio Scherer

wikipedia_title: Fabio Scherer


text:
Kannada literature
Davanagere district
Teerthahalli.
B.A
M.A.
University of Mysore
Allamaprabhu
Akkamahadevi
Basavanna
Nijaguna Shivayogi
Raghavanka
Kendra Sahitya Academy
Karnataka Sahitya Academy

categories: University of Mysore alumni,1928 births,Kannada poets,Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Kannada,Kannada-language writers

paragraph: H. Tipperudraswamy

paragraph: Honnāli Thipperudraswamy (3 February 1928 - 28 October 1994) was an Indian scholar and writer of Kannada literature. He wrote political history, religious realities and cultural aspects. He has written a few biographies meant for children on the lives of Kannada poets and Veerashaiva saints. He has made contributions to literary criticism and modern literature.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Swamy was born in Honnali, a small town in Davanagere district, and obtained early education in his native town and Teerthahalli. He secured B.A. Hons. in 1951 and M.A. in 1952 degrees in Kannada from the University of Mysore. His work, ‘Sharanara Anubhaava Saahitya’ (Mystical Literature of the Shivasharanas’) earned him a Ph. D. degree from the Karnataka University.

paragraph: Section::::Post held.

paragraph: BULLET::::- He joined his alma mater as a lecturer in 1964 and later became the director of the Institute for Postal and Correspondence Courses in the University of Mysore. (1973-75) .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Director of the Post Graduate Centre of the University at Bhadra Project in Shivamogga district.(1975-1984)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Director of ‘Sri Kuvempu Kannada Adhyayana Samsthe Mysore’ till he sought voluntary retirement in 1987.

paragraph: Section::::Novels.

paragraph: paripurnadedege’, ‘kadaLi karpUra’, ‘kartArana kammaTa’, ‘jyOti beLagutide’ and ‘vacana virUpAksha’ are based on the lives of historical personalities Allamaprabhu, Akkamahadevi, Basavanna, Nijaguna Shivayogi and Raghavanka respectively.

paragraph: Section::::Important works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- shUnyatatva vikAsa mattu shUnya sampAdane’, 1963

paragraph: BULLET::::- sharanara anubAvasAhitya’, 1963

paragraph: BULLET::::- vacanagaLalli vIrashaivadharma’, 1969

paragraph: BULLET::::- karnATaka samskriti samIkshe’, 1968.

paragraph: BULLET::::- kannaDadalli anuBAvasAhitya’ , 1962

paragraph: BULLET::::- cAmarasa’ (Biography)

paragraph: BULLET::::- BImakavi’ (1970)

paragraph: BULLET::::- cAmarasa’

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shri sharaNa carita mAnasa’ 1956, (Textual Criticism)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Amugi dEvayyagaLa sAngatya’ 1965, (Textual Criticism)

paragraph: BULLET::::- siddarAma carite’, 1975, (Textual Criticism)

paragraph: BULLET::::- basaveshvara vachanadeepike

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thipperudraswamy was awarded the Kendra Sahitya Academy award for his ‘Karnataka Samskriti Sameekshe’ in 1969.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lifetime award of the Karnataka Sahitya Academy in 1985.

description: Indian scholar and writer of Kannada literature (1928 to 1994)

wikidata_label: H. Tipperudraswamy

wikipedia_title: H. Tipperudraswamy


text:
Soyons
Ecole Polytechnique
Michel Martin Drolling
Balzac
anagram
Le Magasin pittoresque
Musée des familles
Bibliothèque rose
L'Illustration
Journal pour rire
Le Grelot
Hippolyte Bayard
Victor Hugo
Balzac
Eugène Briffault
Pierre-Jules Hetzel
Alexandre Dumas
Paul Féval
Maurice Alhoy
Louis Lurine
Octave Feuillet
Léon Gozlan
Émile Souvestre
Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin
Nicolas Boileau
Bernardin de Saint-Pierre
James Fenimore Cooper
Charles Perrault
Georges Bonnefond
Hoffmann
Jacques Porchat
Paul Boiteau
Comtesse de Ségur
Wilhelm Hauff
Arthur de Gravillon
Edmond Auguste Texier
Miguel de Cervantes
Alphonse Daudet
Jean Macé
Paul de Kock
Arthur de Rothschild

categories: French caricaturists,Artists from Paris,French illustrators,French engravers,1820 births,French photographers

paragraph: Bertall

paragraph: Charles Albert d'Arnoux (Charles Constant Albert Nicolas, Vicomte d'Arnoux, Count of Limoges-Saint-Saëns), known as "Bertall" (or Bertal, an anagram of Albert) or Tortu-Goth (December 18, 1820, Paris - March 24, 1882, Soyons) was a French illustrator, engraver, caricaturist, and early photographer.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: His father was a former war commissioner. His family wanted him to study at the Ecole Polytechnique, but he chose to study painting, and spent several years in the studio of Michel Martin Drolling, at the end of which he decided to devote himself exclusively to illustration and caricature. On the advice of Balzac, who mentored him, he began signing his works under the name of Bertall, an adjusted anagram of his middle name. He married Albertine Cesarine Elisabeth Pellapra de Lolle and became the father of triplets on 17 August 1866. He was made Knight of the Legion of Honor on February 3, 1875.

paragraph: He drew for "Le Magasin pittoresque" (), "Musée des familles", "La Semaine des enfants", "Le Journal pour tous", "La Bibliothèque des chemins de fer", and the Bibliothèque rose (). He provided 3,600 drawings for "Les Romans populaires illustrés", published in 30 volumes by Gustave Barba between 1849 and 1855. He contributed numerous cartoons and comics to "L'Illustration" and "La Semaine", the "Journal pour rire" () and "Le Grelot" (). He also wrote and illustrated his own texts, including "La Comédie de notre temps" and "La Vigne, voyage autour des vins de France".

paragraph: A pioneer in photography, he collaborated with Hippolyte Bayard in 1855, then opened the Bayard and Bertall photography workshop (15 bis rue de la Madeleine, Paris) in the early 1860s until 1866. He started his own successful portraiture studio in 1866.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Omnibus, pérégrinations burlesques à travers tous chemins", with Lefix (1843)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Buses-Graves" Prospectus publicitaire (1843) : Parody of "Burgraves" of Victor Hugo

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Guêpes à la Bourse" (1847)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cahier des charges des chemins de fer" (1847)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Enfants d'aujourd'hui", album of caricatures (1848)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Revue comique à l'usage des gens sérieux" (November 1848 - April 1849)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Infortunes de Touche-à-tout" (1861)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mlle Marie sans-soin" (1867)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "M. Hurluberlu et ses déplorables aventures" (1869)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Communeux, 1871. Types, caractères, costumes" (1871)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Grelot au Salon. Le Salon de 1872 dépeint et dessiné par Bertall" (1872)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Comédie de notre temps : études au crayon et à la plume. I. La civilité, les habitudes, les mœurs, les coutumes, les manières et les manies de notre époque. II. Les enfants, les jeunes, les mûrs, les vieux. III. La vie hors de chez soi : l'hiver, le printemps, l'été, l'automne" (3 volumes, 1874-1876)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Contes de ma mère, recueillis et illustrés par Bertall" (1877)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Vigne, voyage autour des vins de France : étude physiologique, anecdotique, historique, humoristique et même scientifique" (1878)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mademoiselle Jacasse" (1879)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Plages de France" (1886)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Georges le distrait" (1889)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Works illustrated by Bertall (solo or with others)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Balzac : "Œuvres complètes" (20 volumes, 1842-1855)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eugène Briffault : "Paris dans l'eau" (1843)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pierre-Jules Hetzel : "Nouvelles et Véritables Aventures de Tom Pouce" (1844)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Collectif : "Le Diable à Paris. Paris et les Parisiens. Mœurs et coutumes, caractères et portraits des habitants de Paris, tableau complet de leur vie privée, publique, politique, artistique, littéraire, industrielle, etc." (2 volumes, 1845-1846)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Balzac : "Petites Misères de la vie conjugale" (1845)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexandre Dumas : "La Bouillie de la comtesse Berthe" (1845)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexandre Dumas : "Histoire d'un casse-noisette" (1845)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paul Féval : "Contes de nos pères" (1845)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maurice Alhoy : "Les Bagnes" (1845)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maurice Alhoy et Louis Lurine : "Les Prisons de Paris" (1846)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Octave Feuillet : "Vie de Polichinelle et ses nombreuses aventures" (1846)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Léon Gozlan : "Aventures du prince Chènevis" (1846)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Émile Souvestre : "Le Monde tel qu'il sera" (1846)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eugène Briffault : "Paris à table" (1846)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin : "Physiologie du goût" (1848)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nicolas Boileau : "Œuvres poétiques" (1846)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bernardin de Saint-Pierre : "Paul et Virginie" (1849)

paragraph: BULLET::::- James Fenimore Cooper : "Le Dernier des Mohicans" (1849)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Charles Perrault : "Contes" (1852)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Georges Bonnefond : "Les Hôtels historiques de Paris" (1852)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hoffmann : "Contes fantastiques" (1856)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jacques Porchat : "Contes merveilleux" (1858)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paul Boiteau : "Légendes pour les enfants" (1861)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Comtesse de Ségur : "Les Petites filles modèles" (1863)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wilhelm Hauff : "L'Auberge du Spessart, contes allemands" (1863)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arthur de Gravillon : "La Malice des choses" (1867)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Edmond Auguste Texier : "Le Journal et le journaliste" (1868)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Miguel de Cervantes : "Don Quichotte" (1870)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alphonse Daudet : "Les Petits Robinsons des caves ou le siège de Paris" (1872)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean Macé, "Contes du petit château" (1876)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paul de Kock : "La Laitière de Montfermeil. Le Muletier" (1878)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arthur de Rothschild : "Histoire de la poste aux lettres et du timbre-poste depuis leurs origines jusqu'à nos jours" (1880)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Henri Beraldi, "Les Graveurs du XIXe siècle", vol. II, 1885, p. 45-49.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gustave Vapereau, "Dictionnaire universel des contemporains," vol. 1, 1858, p. 184.

alias: Vicomte d'Arnoux, Comte de Limoges-Saint-Saens Charles-Albert

alias: Vicomte d'Arnoux, Comte de Limoges-Saint-Saens Albert

description: French illustrator, cartoonist and engraver

wikidata_label: Bertall

wikipedia_title: Bertall


text:
Karlsruhe
German
jazz trumpeter
flugelhornist
graphic designer
trumpet
double bass
flugelhorn
baritone horn
mellophone
alphorn
Rudolf Theilmann
free jazz
Bernd Konrad
Hans Koller
Adelhard Roidinger
Jürgen Wuchner
Free Jazz Meeting Baden-Baden
Kenny Wheeler
Ian Carr
Harry Beckett
Ack van Rooyen
trio
quartet
orchestra
Vienna Art Orchestra
duet
Frank Kuruc
Patrick Bebelaar
Michel Godard
Wolfgang Puschnig
Clemens Salesny
Peter Schindler
Vienna Art Orchestra
Tango from Obango
Concerto Piccolo
Suite for the Green Eighties
From No Time to Rag Time
A Notion in Perpetual Motion

categories: 21st-century trumpeters,German printmakers,1940 births,Male trumpeters,Living people,German jazz trumpeters,German jazz composers,Male jazz composers,21st-century male musicians

paragraph: Herbert Joos

paragraph: Herbert Joos (born 21 March 1940 in Karlsruhe) is a German jazz trumpeter, flugelhornist and graphic designer.

paragraph: Section::::Life and works.

paragraph: Joos learned trumpet first by self-study and then by a private teacher. He studied double bass from 1958, but then, he turned to flugelhorn, baritone horn, mellophone, and alphorn. Since the mid-60s, he has been a member of "Modern Jazz quintet Karlsruhe", from which the group "Fourmenonly" was created (with Wilfried Eichhorn and Rudolf Theilmann). Afterward, he was a member of various modern and free jazz formations (with Bernd Konrad, Hans Koller, Adelhard Roidinger and Jürgen Wuchner among others). He played in festivals and in the Free Jazz Meeting Baden-Baden at a flugelhorn workshop with Kenny Wheeler, Ian Carr, Harry Beckett and Ack van Rooyen and made a name for himself with his solo record the "Philosophy of the flugelhorn" (1973). Also, he led his own wind players trio, quartet and orchestra. He achieved more recognition in the 80s as a member of Vienna Art Orchestra. Since the 90s he has participated in the SüdPool-Projekt. Also he has appeared in a duet with Frank Kuruc as well as in Patrick Bebelaar's groups or for Michel Godard, Wolfgang Puschnig, Clemens Salesny and Peter Schindler.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: With the Vienna Art Orchestra

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tango from Obango" (Art, 1980)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Concerto Piccolo" (Hat ART, 1981)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Suite for the Green Eighties" (Hat ART, 1982)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "From No Time to Rag Time" (Hat ART, 1983)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Notion in Perpetual Motion" (Hat ART, 1985)

description: German trumpeter

wikidata_label: Herbert Joos

wikipedia_title: Herbert Joos


text:
Sonic Sounds
RRS International
RRS International
RRS International
RRS International
RRS International
RRS International
RRS International
VP Records
VP Records
rootsrocksociety.com

categories: American male singer-songwriters,American record producers,1952 births,Living people,American male guitarists

paragraph: Stann Champion

paragraph: Stann Champion (born May 16, 1952) is an American-born guitarist, singer, songwriter and producer. His songs are being digitally distributed internationally by VP Records.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Champion was born in Pittsburgh, PA. He attended Chicago Public School and Chicago Art Institute Junior School. While attending college and working in the advertising field, he performed and promoted street concerts, plus performed for clients of the ad agency he worked for. Offers to participate in more musical projects were forthcoming and this prompted him to start his own publishing company.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Before graduating from Chicago's Columbia College, Champion went to work at a couple of Michigan Ave ad agencies in the day and playing music at night. He was approached by a songwriter from the island of St Kitts to record at Bob Marley's Tuff Gong Studio in Kingston, Jamaica. With Gypsi in 1982, he recorded his first release titled “The Girls” for Obvio Records at Paul Serrano Studios in Chicago. Gypsi-Fari also won the first awards from the Chicago Music Awards in 1982.

paragraph: After leaving Gypsi in 1982, Champion returned to the private sector and was recruited for a band to back Jamaican singer/songwriter Carlean Davis for her North American tour. Her EP release featured two songs written by Champion, and was reviewed in the “College Musical Journal” (CMJ). Soon after college stations nationwide were requesting promo copies for programming.

paragraph: Champion chose to form his own group and established Roots Rock Society (RRS). With RRS, members could come and go, but the project would remain intact. With RRS, Champion created his “Tropical Roots” sound with the release of “Again”, a four-song EP co-produced by David Axelbaum who worked with (Bob Seeger, Peter Frampton, Johnny Winters and Koko Taylor) that reached over 250 radio stations worldwide.

paragraph: Section::::Stann Champion Radio Show.

paragraph: BULLET::::- WNUR Chicago's Sound Experiment 89.3 FM

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stann Champion Show - Mondays 7:30 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. (Central)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gypsi-Fari - Hail Jah '45" (1981 Sonic Sounds)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stann Champion Roots Rock Society 'Cassette" (1987 RRS International)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bass Mint Sessions 'Cassette" (1991 RRS International)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Again 'Compact Disk" (1994 RRS International)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Riddim to Riddim 'Compact Disk" (2007 RRS International)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Familia 'Compact Disk" (2010 RRS International)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cost of Living 'Compact Disk" (2013 RRS International)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "TimeBless 'Compact Disk" (2015 RRS International)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Paradise Love 'Compact Disk" (2016 VP Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "See Me 'Compact Disk" (2016 VP Records)

paragraph: Section::::Awards and nominations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "1980 “Playing for Peace Award” Kingston Jamaica

paragraph: BULLET::::- "1982 “Best Band”, Gypsi- Fari Chicago Music Awards (CMA)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "1984 “Best New Band” , Safari CMA

paragraph: BULLET::::- "1985 “Best Band”, Safari CMA

paragraph: BULLET::::- "1989 “Most Versatile Band”, Roots Rock Society (RRS)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "1990 RRS Received Certificate of “Special Recognition” from Lucent Technologies

paragraph: BULLET::::- "1993 RRS nominated “Best Roots and Reggae”, Illinois Entertainer

paragraph: BULLET::::- "1994 “Best Gospel/Spiritual Entertainer”, RRS CMA

paragraph: BULLET::::- "1995 “Best Gospel Entertainer”, RRS CMA

paragraph: BULLET::::- "1996 “Best Band”, RRS CMA

paragraph: BULLET::::- "1997 “Most Versatile Band”, RRS CMA

paragraph: BULLET::::- "2002 “Producers Award” for Stann Champion CMA

paragraph: BULLET::::- "2002 “Best Reggae Album/CD” for “Riddim to Riddim” CMA

paragraph: BULLET::::- "2007 RRS awarded “Best Entertainer” by CMA

paragraph: BULLET::::- "2008 RRS awarded “Best Entertainer” by CMA

paragraph: BULLET::::- "2015 Awarded Certificate of Appreciation for Community Leadership by Chatham Avalon Park Community Council

paragraph: BULLET::::- "2016 Awarded “Gresham 6 Award” for community service by 6th District

paragraph: BULLET::::- "2016 Awarded “Lifetime Achievement Award” for over 35 years serving both Entertainment and communities

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2019 Elixir Strings Performing Artist Program

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.cinefestchicago.com/lineup (Chicago Cinefest - Bret Michaels, Blue Oyster Cult, Quite Riot, Freddy Jones Band with Roots Rock Society)

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://internationalmusician.org/stann-champion/ [International Musician Magazine 2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://chicagocinema.net/?tag=stann-champion Chicago (Chicago Cinema Article)

paragraph: BULLET::::- rootsrocksociety.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://www.acousticpowerlove.com/

wikidata_label: Stann Champion

wikipedia_title: Stann Champion


text:
Nalen
Gothenburg
Hasse & Tage
Gröna hund
Gula Hund
Jan Johansson
Gösta Bernhard
Putte Wickman
Charlie Norman
Beppe Wolgers
Sten-Åke Cederhök
Ingmar Bergman
Fanny and Alexander
My Mother Gets Married
Moa Martinson
Liseberg
Örgryte

categories: Swedish actresses,1931 births,2001 deaths,Swedish jazz singers

paragraph: Sonya Hedenbratt

paragraph: Sonya Elisabet Hedenbratt Bolin (4 March 1931 - 5 April 2001) was a Swedish singer and actress. She was considered one of the foremost female jazz singers in Sweden.

paragraph: Hedenbratt's breakthrough as a jazz singer came when she performed at the Nalen jazz club in Stockholm in 1951. Throughout her career, she mainly worked in Gothenburg, where she was born and where she lived all her life.

paragraph: She was part of the cast for several of Hasse & Tage's variety shows, including "Gröna hund" and "Gula Hund", and she also worked with musicians such as Jan Johansson, Gösta Bernhard, Putte Wickman, Charlie Norman and Beppe Wolgers.

paragraph: In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Hedenbratt performed together with Sten-Åke Cederhök in the televised popular revues ("buskis") "Jubel i busken" and "Låt hjärtat va me".

paragraph: Hedenbratt's other credits as an actress include Hasse & Tage's "Svenska bilder" from 1964, Ingmar Bergman's "Fanny and Alexander" from 1982 (where she played the part of Aunt Emma), and the TV production of "My Mother Gets Married" by Moa Martinson.

paragraph: Hedenbratt has been honoured with a memorial plaque at Liseberg, and a street in Örgryte has been named after her.

description: Swedish actress

wikidata_label: Sonya Hedenbratt

wikipedia_title: Sonya Hedenbratt


text:
Bulgarian
teacher
printer
engraver
Ottoman Empire
Korešnica
Demir Kapija
Tikvesh
Macedonia
Mount Athos
Theodosius of Sinai
Tikvesh region
Mount Athos
Vatasha
Theodosius of Sinai
Kavadarci
"Gutenberg"
Solun
Theodosius of Sinai
Jordan Hadzikonstantinov Dzinot
Greek
Bulgarians
Macedonian

categories: Bulgarian educators,Bulgarian printers,1848 deaths,1790 births,19th-century Bulgarian educators,Macedonian Bulgarians

paragraph: Daskal Kamche

paragraph: Kamche Nikov Popangelov () ()( – ), widely known as "Daskal Kamche" was a Bulgarian teacher, printer and engraver, founder of one of the first printing houses for books in Bulgarian in the Ottoman Empire.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Daskal Kamche was born in the village of Korešnica, which is close to Demir Kapija, a town in the Tikvesh region of Macedonia. He was born in a poor family, that in the early XIX century moved to Vatasha. He started school there, but due to the family's financial problems, he left and he learned the alphabet by himself. He was a natural when it comes to singing, so he then became a church singer in the Vatasha church. He went as a pilgrim to the monasteries in Mount Athos, where he eventually stayed for one year. After he came back from Saint Aton, he became a taksidiot-monk for some of the monasteries in Tikvesh. He was a close friend with Theodosius of Sinai, who also happened to print Kamche's first and only book "Short description of 20 Mount Athos Monasteries". The purpose of this book was to help Tikvesh region inhabitants with the directions to and their religious stay in one of the 20 Mount Athos monasteries.

paragraph: Daskal Kamche started to work as a teacher in the village of Vatasha in 1828. With some financial help from Yovko Markov and Theodosius of Sinai, a rich citizen of Kavadarci, he purchased a printing press of type "Gutenberg" and installed it in his home in Vatasha furtively. Daskal Kamche used the press for about a year, until he was expelled from Vatasha by the local Greek eparch. His printing press eventually found its way to Solun, where it was used by Theodosius of Sinai for his printing office from 1839 up to 1842 when it was damaged in a fire. 5 years later, again fostered by Jovko Markov, he bought materials and repaired the machine which started working again in 1848 and printed one of Jordan Hadzikonstantinov Dzinot's books. That caused him a lot of problems which made him to settle down as a teacher for the rest of his life. He was known as a fierce opponent of the use of Greek in the local Bulgarians schools and churches. He died in 1848 in Vatasha.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Historical Dictionary of Macedonia, Skopje, 2000, p. 142. (in Macedonian: Македонски историски речник, Скопје, 2000, с. 142);

paragraph: BULLET::::- Encyclopedia Bulgaria, volume 2, Publishing house of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, 1981. (in Bulgarian): # Енциклопедия България, том 2, Издателство на БАН, София, 1981).

description: Bulgarian printer

wikidata_label: Daskal Kamche

wikipedia_title: Daskal Kamche