text: American

text: Catholic Church

text: auxiliary bishop

text: Archdiocese of San Antonio

text: Hudson Falls, New York

text: St. Mary's University

text: Trinity University

text: University of Notre Dame

text: Archdiocese of San Antonio

text: San Antonio

text: Monsignor

text: Pope Francis

text: Catholic Church hierarchy

text: Catholic Church in the United States

categories: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Antonio,American Roman Catholic bishops,1950 births,People from Hudson Falls, New York,Living people

paragraph: Michael Joseph Boulette

paragraph: Michael Joseph Boulette (born June 4, 1950) is an American priest of the Catholic Church and serves as auxiliary bishop for the Archdiocese of San Antonio in 2017.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Michael J. Boulette was born in Hudson Falls, New York on June 4, 1950. Michael J. Boulette holds a bachelor's degree in Psychology (cum laude) from St. Mary's University (1971), a master's degree in psychology from Trinity University (1972), a master of divinity from the University of Notre Dame (1975), and a Doctor of Preaching and Worship from Austin Presbyterian Theological Seminary (1993).

paragraph: On March 19, 1976, Boulette was ordained to the priesthood for the Archdiocese of San Antonio. As a priest in San Antonio, Boulette worked as the founding director of St. Peter Upon the Water: A Center for Spiritual Direction and Formation, a training center for spiritual directors in the Catholic faith.

paragraph: On March 10, 2005, Boulette was granted the title of Monsignor by Pope John Paul II.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Auxiliary Bishop of San Antonio.

paragraph: Pope Francis appointed Boulette auxiliary bishop for the Archdiocese of San Antonio on January 23, 2017. Boulette was consecrated to the episcopacy on March 20, 2017 as the titular bishop of Hieron and auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of San Antonio.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church hierarchy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church in the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roman Catholic Archdiocese of San Antonio

wikidata_label: Michael Joseph Boulette

wikipedia_title: Michael Joseph Boulette


text:
Bologna
Italian
sculptor
Salvino Salvini
Accademia di Belle Arti of Bologna
Parco della Montagnola
Certosa of Bologna
realism
art nouveau
Certosa of Bologna
Sala Borsa

categories: 1871 births,Realist artists,Art Nouveau sculptors,20th-century Italian sculptors,1953 deaths,People from Bologna

paragraph: Pasquale Rizzoli

paragraph: Pasquale Rizzoli (9 April 1871, Bologna–30 January 1953) was an Italian sculptor. He was born to a family of wealthy merchants and was married to Adelinda Serra Zanetti in May, 1896. Rizzoli was a student of Salvino Salvini at the Accademia di Belle Arti of Bologna. In addition to his most famous bronze sculpture that, made in 1903, which is found in the Parco della Montagnola in Bologna, many of his works are in the cemetery Certosa of Bologna.

paragraph: Section::::Style.

paragraph: Rizzoli’s artistic style is characterized by a mix of realism, with an interest in the effects of light, and the emerging art nouveau. This combination is evident in his sculpture for the Possenti-Vecchi family in which he uses the realist style for the faces but has many ornamental details on the same tomb.

paragraph: As time progressed he began increasingly to favour the art nouveau style over his realism past. His mature style can be see in the monumental tomb for the Ferrari family (1928).

paragraph: In the later stages of his life, Rizzoli faced a difficult dichotomy: the desire to make sculptures faced with his disdain of the public taste for art, which he found lacking. Rizzoli did not seek to renovate his style and stopped having exhibits of his works.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Despite little production at the end of his career he had an important and fundamental impact on the artistic panorama of Bolognese art at the start of the 20th century. His impact continued to the middle of the century due to his ability to analyse, personalise, and synthesise the artistic trends that were present in Europe at the time.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Certosa of Bologna biography of Rizzoli

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bio with pictures from Sala Borsa http://www.bibliotecasalaborsa.it/cronologia/bologna/1903/25

description: Italian artist

wikidata_label: Pasquale Rizzoli

wikipedia_title: Pasquale Rizzoli


text:
professional baseball
pitcher
Major League Baseball
Chicago White Sox
relief
innings pitched
walks
striking out
University of Notre Dame

categories: Chicago White Sox players,Notre Dame Fighting Irish men's ice hockey players,Notre Dame Fighting Irish football players,1897 births,Sportspeople from Saint Paul, Minnesota,Major League Baseball pitchers,Notre Dame Fighting Irish baseball players,Baseball players from Minnesota,1986 deaths

paragraph: Paul Castner

paragraph: Paul Henry Castner (February 16, 1897 – March 3, 1986) was a professional baseball pitcher. He appeared in six games in Major League Baseball for the Chicago White Sox in 1923, all in relief. In 10 innings pitched, Castner gave up 14 hits and 5 walks without striking out a batter.

paragraph: Castner was an alumnus of the University of Notre Dame.

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Paul Castner

wikipedia_title: Paul Castner


text:
Scranton
Pennsylvania
American
jazz
Berklee College of Music
Boston
Europe
Dexter Gordon
Art Farmer
Carmell Jones
Albert Mangelsdorff
Paul Motian
Gary Peacock
Buddy DeFranco
Germany
Heinz Sauer
Makaya Ntshoko
Frankfurter Jazz Ensemble
Adelhard Roidinger
Joki Freund
Leszek Zadlo
Günter Lenz
Uli Beckerhoff
Calig Records
Trion Records
Carey Bell
Enja Records
Allmusic

categories: American jazz pianists,Living people,Jazz musicians from Pennsylvania,American expatriates in Germany,1944 births,21st-century male musicians,American male pianists,20th-century American pianists,20th-century male musicians,21st-century American pianists

paragraph: Bob Degen

paragraph: Bob Degen Jr (born January 24, 1944 in Scranton, Pennsylvania) is an American jazz pianist. Much of his work has been in the trio format.

paragraph: Degen attended Berklee College of Music in the 1960s and played locally in Boston while there. He was influenced by jazz musician and multi-instrumentalist Art Kreinberg and played in a trio with Kreinberg and bassist Doug Smith in the early 1960s. In the mid-1960s he played in Europe with Dexter Gordon, Art Farmer, Carmell Jones, and Albert Mangelsdorff, and recorded an album as a leader in 1968. At the end of the decade he played with Paul Motian, as well as with Gary Peacock and Buddy DeFranco in the early 1970s.

paragraph: In 1974 Degen moved to Germany, where he played often with Heinz Sauer. Since then, he has played with Makaya Ntshoko, the Frankfurter Jazz Ensemble, Adelhard Roidinger, Joki Freund, Leszek Zadlo, Günter Lenz, and Uli Beckerhoff.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Celebrations" (Calig Records, 1968)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hidden Track" (Trion Records, 1980)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blues after Sunrise" (L+R Rec., 1980) with Heinz Sauer, Carey Bell

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chartreuse" (Enja Records, 1982)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Children of the Night" (Enja, 1982)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sequoia Song" (Enja, 1982)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Joy" (Dr. Jazz, 1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Catability" (Enja, 1998)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- [ Bob Degen] at Allmusic

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Bob Degen

wikipedia_title: Bob Degen


text:
Queensland Legislative Assembly
Glasgow
Scotland
Victoria
Squatting
Queensland
run
Mackenzie River
Central Queensland
Rockhampton
South Rockhampton Cemetery
Rockhampton
Charles Buzacott
Leichhardt

categories: Members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly,19th-century Australian politicians,1823 births,1880 deaths

paragraph: John MacFarlane (Queensland politician)

paragraph: John MacFarlane (1823 – 10 April 1880) was a member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: MacFarlane was born in Glasgow, Scotland, the son of David Macfarlane and his wife Margaret (née Gibb). He arrived in Victoria around 1840 where he engaged in Squatting pursuits. In 1865 he moved to Queensland and as a member of a Victorian firm, took up Oakey Creek run on the Mackenzie River in Central Queensland. Like most stations in the area it proved unsuitable for sheep and after four years he moved to Rockhampton where he established a successful stock and station agent.

paragraph: He died of diabetes in April 1880 and was buried in the South Rockhampton Cemetery.

paragraph: Section::::Public career.

paragraph: MacFarlane was an alderman in Rockhampton from 1874 until 1880 including being the mayor from 1876-1878. He entered state politics as the member for Rockhampton in 1877 following the resignation of Charles Buzacott. He resigned from the assembly a year later but in 1879 he became the member for Leichhardt and held the seat until his death in 1880.

description: Australian politician in Queensland

wikidata_label: John MacFarlane

wikipedia_title: John MacFarlane (Queensland politician)


text: soccer

text: goalkeeper

text: Norman, Oklahoma

text: Norman North High School

text: The Oklahoman

text: basketball

text: work permit

text: University of Tulsa

text: Golden Hurricane

text: Conference USA

text: NSCAA

text: 2004 Division I Men's College Cup

text: Chicago Fire

text: 2008 MLS SuperDraft

text: Major League Soccer

text: 2008 FA Cup

text: Portsmouth

text: Celtic

text: Manchester United

text: Greenock Morton

text: SPL

text: 2011-12 season

text: Dundee

text: Morton

text: Ayr United

text: United States national team

text: World Cup Qualifying

text: Barbados

text: USA Under-23 team

text: Honduras

text: Toulon Tournament

text: Turkey

text: England

text: Spain

text: Argentina

text: South Africa

text: Cape Town

text: Brad Guzan

text: United States

text: University of Denver

text: investment banking

text: Greenock Morton F.C. season 2011-12

text: Dominic Cervi

text: Dominic Cervi

categories: Tulsa Golden Hurricane men's soccer players,United States men's under-23 international soccer players,Association football goalkeepers,Greenock Morton F.C. players,Celtic F.C. players,American expatriate soccer players,1986 births,Sportspeople from Norman, Oklahoma,Expatriate footballers in Scotland,American people of Italian descent,Soccer players from Oklahoma,Scottish Football League players,University of Tulsa alumni,USL League Two players,Living people,Michigan Bucks players,Dundee F.C. players,American soccer players,American expatriate sportspeople in the United Kingdom,Chicago Fire Soccer Club draft picks

paragraph: Dominic Cervi

paragraph: Dominic Cervi (born July 9, 1986) is an American former professional soccer player who played as a goalkeeper.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Cervi grew up in Norman, Oklahoma. He played eight seasons for his youth club, Norman Celtic '86. He attended Norman North High School, where he played soccer for all four years. He was named Oklahoma Defensive Player of the Year by "The Oklahoman" during his junior and senior seasons in 2003 and 2004. He also earned three letters in basketball, where he additionally earned Defensive Player of the Year honors in 2004.

paragraph: Cervi's great-grandparents were Italian. He received his Italian passport in May 2009, which eliminated the need to obtain a work permit, thus making him a more appealing potential signing for European clubs.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Youth.

paragraph: Cervi attended the University of Tulsa from 2004 through 2007, making thirty-one starts for the Golden Hurricane and earning All-Conference USA First Team and NSCAA All-Midwest Region Second Team honors in 2007. The Golden Hurricane's best finish during Cervi's time with the team was during his first year, 2004, when the team reached the national quarterfinal at the 2004 Division I Men's College Cup.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Professional.

paragraph: Cervi was drafted by the Chicago Fire with the twelfth overall pick of the 2008 MLS SuperDraft, but he did not sign for the club after rejecting a $32,000 contract offer from Major League Soccer. He was the second goalkeeper taken in the draft. After a trial at 2008 FA Cup winners Portsmouth he was not offered a contract.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Celtic.

paragraph: In October 2008, Cervi joined Celtic on a trial. He made two appearances for Celtic's reserve team, one in a friendly match against Manchester United's reserves, and the other against Greenock Morton. After receiving his Italian passport, Cervi officially joined the SPL club. Cervi never made a competitive first team appearance for Celtic, although was an unused substitute in five league matches.

paragraph: Cervi was released by the Glasgow club at the end of the 2011-12 season.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Loans moves from Celtic.

paragraph: On December 10, 2010, Cervi was loaned out to Dundee, but did not make any appearances and returned to Celtic after the loan expired.

paragraph: On November 4, 2011, Cervi joined Morton on a short-term loan until January. He made his debut the next day in a 1-0 win over Ayr United. Cervi declared himself delighted with the result - saying that it was every goalkeeper's dream to get a clean sheet on their debut.

paragraph: Section::::International career.

paragraph: Cervi was named in the United States national team's 21-man World Cup Qualifying roster for the home-and-home series with Barbados on June 15 and 22, 2008.

paragraph: Cervi was called up for the USA Under-23 team as the number two keeper for the 2008 CONCACAF Men's Pre-Olympic Tournament. He started for the USA in a 1–0 loss against Honduras in the championship game, and again at the U-23 level in a Toulon Tournament match against Turkey. Cervi is eligible to only represent the United States internationally due to his appearances against Honduras and Turkey.

paragraph: On May 15, 2008, he was invited to camp for friendlies against England, Spain, and Argentina, but made no appearances.

paragraph: In 2010, he was named in the US squad that defeated South Africa 1-0 on November 17 in Cape Town. He did not play, however, serving as second choice keeper for the match behind Brad Guzan.

paragraph: Despite having a number of call-ups to his name, Cervi never appeared in a match for the senior national team of the United States.

paragraph: Section::::Business career.

paragraph: After leaving Celtic, Cervi studied at the University of Denver and graduated with a degree in Finance and Accounting. He then embarked on a career in investment banking with U.S. banking firm Capstone Headwaters.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Greenock Morton F.C. season 2011-12

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dominic Cervi University of Tulsa Official Athletic site (Archived)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dominic Cervi The Celtic Wiki

description: Association football goaltender

wikidata_label: Dominic Cervi

wikipedia_title: Dominic Cervi


text: Bolshevik

text: revolution

text: Russia

text: October Revolution

text: Cheka

text: Petrograd City

text: Leonid Kannegisser

text: Cherkasy

text: Kiev Governorate

text: Jewish Litvak family

text: Bila Tserkva

text: social democrat

text: University of Kiev

text: Russian Social Democratic Labour Party

text: Bund

text: Menshevik

text: 1905 revolution

text: Alexander Parvus

text: Tsarist

text: Mezhraiontsy

text: October Revolution

text: Bolsheviks

text: Petrograd

text: Cheka

text: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

text: Bukharin

text: Dzherzhinsky

text: Radek

text: Czechoslovak Legion

text: Russian Civil War

text: Leonid Kannegisser

text: military cadet

text: Imperial Russian Army

text: Lenin

text: Fanny Kaplan

text: Red Terror

text: Palace Square

text: Moisei Uritsky

categories: People from Kiev Governorate,Jewish socialists,Ukrainian Jews,1873 births,Assassinated Jews,Mensheviks,Soviet murder victims,Soviet politicians,University of Kiev, Law faculty alumni,1918 deaths,Old Bolsheviks,Russian Constituent Assembly members,People from Cherkasy,Mezhraiontsy,People of the Russian Civil War,People murdered in Russia,Cheka

image: 512px-Моисей_Урицкий.jpg

paragraph: Moisei Uritsky

paragraph: Moisei Solomonovich Uritsky (; ; –) was a Bolshevik revolutionary leader in Russia. After the October Revolution, he was Chief of Cheka of Petrograd City. Uritsky was assassinated by Leonid Kannegisser, a military cadet, who was executed shortly afterwards.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Uritsky was born in the city of Cherkasy, Kiev Governorate, to a Jewish Litvak family. His father, a merchant, died when Moisei was little and his mother raised her son by herself. He attended the Bila Tserkva Gymnasium, supporting himself through teaching and became an active social democrat.

paragraph: Section::::Early political career.

paragraph: Moisei studied law at the University of Kiev. During his studies he joined the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party and organized an underground network for importing and distributing political literature. In 1897 he was arrested and exiled for running an illegal mimeograph press. Becoming involved in the revolutionary movement, he participated in the revolutionary Jewish Bund. In 1903, he became a Menshevik. His activities in Petersburg during the 1905 revolution earned him a second term of exile. Along with Alexander Parvus he was active in dispatching revolutionary agents to infiltrate the Tsarist security apparatus.

paragraph: Section::::Russian Revolution.

paragraph: In 1914 he emigrated to France and contributed to the Party newspaper "Our Word". Back in Russia in 1917 Uritsky became a member of the Mezhraiontsy group. A few months before the October Revolution of 1917, he joined the Bolsheviks and was elected to their Central Committee in July 1917. Uritsky played a leading part in the Bolsheviks' armed take-over in October and later was made head of the Petrograd Cheka. In this position Uritsky coordinated the pursuit and prosecution of members of the nobility, military officers and ranking Russian Orthodox Church clerics who opposed the Bolsheviks.

paragraph: Because Uritsky was against the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, he resigned his post in 1918, like Bukharin, Bubnov, Piatakov, Dzherzhinsky and Smirnov. On March 4, 1918, the Petrograd committee published the first number of the journal "Kommunist", the public organ of the "left communist" opposition, as directed by Radek and Uritsky. The Extraordinary Seventh Congress of the Bolshevik party, which was held between March 6 and 8, 1918, rejected the "Theses on the Present Situation" that was submitted as a resolution by the "Left Communists". The "Left Communists" Lomov and Uritsky, who were elected to the Central Committee, stated at the Congress that they would not work in the Central Committee, and did not begin work there for several months in spite of insistent demands from the Central Committee.

paragraph: On May 25, 1918, with the Revolt of the Czechoslovak Legion, the Russian Civil War began and Uritsky resumed his position on the Central Committee.

paragraph: Section::::Assassination.

paragraph: Leonid Kannegisser, a young military cadet of the Imperial Russian Army, assassinated Uritsky on August 17, 1918, outside the Petrograd Cheka headquarters in retaliation for the execution of his friend and other officers. Following this event, along with the assassination attempt on Lenin by Fanny Kaplan on August 30, the Bolsheviks began a wave of persecution known as the Red Terror. Palace Square in Petrograd was known as Uritsky Square from 1918 to 1944.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Moisei Uritsky. Handbook on history of the Communist Party and the Soviet Union 1898–1991.

description: Soviet politician

wikidata_label: Moisei Uritsky

wikipedia_title: Moisei Uritsky


text:
American
soccer
Miami United F.C.
National Premier Soccer League
Miami, Florida
Miami Sunset Senior High School
USL First Division
Miami FC
college soccer
Jacksonville University
Fort Lauderdale Strikers
North American Soccer League
Carolina RailHawks
Atlanta Silverbacks
Sporting Clube de Pombal
trial
FK Sloboda Uzice
Cimarrones de Sonora
Fort Lauderdale bio
Jacksonville profile

categories: Fort Lauderdale Strikers players,FC Miami City players,National Premier Soccer League players,American soccer players,Jacksonville Dolphins men's soccer players,USL League Two players,Des Moines Menace players,North American Soccer League players,Soccer players from Florida,1990 births,Atlanta Silverbacks players,Living people

paragraph: David Santamaria

paragraph: David Santamaria (born December 15, 1990) is an American soccer player who currently plays for Miami United F.C. of the National Premier Soccer League.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Youth.

paragraph: Santamaria grew up in Miami, Florida, attended Miami Sunset Senior High School, and played for the youth academy of former USL First Division side Miami FC, before going on to play one season of college soccer at Jacksonville University.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Professional.

paragraph: Santamaria turned professional immediately following his freshman college year, and after impressing team owners during the 2010 Traffic combine signed with Fort Lauderdale Strikers of the North American Soccer League. He made his professional debut - and scored his first professional goal - on May 11 in a 4-2 loss to the Carolina RailHawks.

paragraph: After just one season with the Strikers, Santamaria joined the Atlanta Silverbacks on a season-long loan. On August 8, 2012, the Santamaria and the Silverbacks agreed to terminate the loan agreement after appearing in seven matches and scoring one goal.

paragraph: Santamaria traveled in September 2012 to Europe to open up his horizons. He spent 2 months training and playing practice matches with the Portuguese club Sporting Clube de Pombal Following that experience, Santamaria traveled for a trial with the Serbian Superliga first division club FK Sloboda Uzice, after spending a month with the club Santamaria turned down an agreement which did not meet his expectations.

paragraph: In December 2013, Santamaria signed with the Mexican side second division club Cimarrones de Sonora where he played Clausura 2014.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fort Lauderdale bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jacksonville profile

description: soccer player

wikidata_label: David Santamaria

wikipedia_title: David Santamaria


text:
FRSE
FSA(Scot)
advocate
Kirknewton
Midlothian
Colinton
Alexander Adam
High School of Edinburgh
University of Edinburgh
writer to the signet
William Creech
John Bruce
Henry Mackenzie
Speculative Society
public speaking
liberal thought
passed advocate
Lincoln's Inn
English bar
general assembly
lay representative
Dunfermline
public law
law of nature
nations
Faculty of Advocates
Royal Society of Edinburgh
Sheriff-depute of Renfrewshire
Henry Erskine
Alexander Abercromby
Lord of Session
Lord of Justiciary
David Smythe of Methven
Dalry, Edinburgh
Kirknewton
George Cranstoun, Lord Corehouse
Royal Society of Edinburgh
Fife
Valleyfield
Alexander
Madras
Alexander Maconochie
Allan Alexander Maconochie
FRSE

categories: Members of the Faculty of Advocates,Founder Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh,1816 deaths,Members of the Philosophical Society of Edinburgh,Scottish astronomers,People educated at the Royal High School, Edinburgh,Senators of the College of Justice,Academics of the University of Edinburgh,Scottish antiquarians,1748 births,Scottish sheriffs,Scottish agronomists,People from Midlothian,Alumni of the University of Edinburgh,Scottish agriculturalists

paragraph: Allan Maconochie, Lord Meadowbank

paragraph: The Hon Allan Maconochie, Lord Meadowbank FRSE FSA(Scot) (1748–1816) was a Scottish advocate, academic jurist, judge and agriculturalist.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: The only son of Alexander Maconochie of Meadowbank, Kirknewton, Midlothian, by his wife Isabella, daughter of the Rev. Walter Allan, minister of Colinton in the same shire, was born on 26 January 1748. He was educated privately by Alexander Adam, and at the High School of Edinburgh. He entered the University of Edinburgh, where he attended the law classes. He was apprenticed to Thomas Tod, writer to the signet.

paragraph: In 1764, Maconochie, with William Creech, John Bruce, Henry Mackenzie, and two other fellow-students, founded the Speculative Society, devoted to public speaking and liberal thought. Having completed his university course in 1768, Maconochie went to Paris for a short time. He passed advocate on 8 December 1770, and was admitted a student of Lincoln's Inn (16 April 1771), but was not called to the English bar. He subsequently returned to France, where he remained till 1773.

paragraph: In 1774, he was elected to the general assembly as lay representative of the burgh of Dunfermline. Maconochie was appointed professor of public law and law of nature and nations in the University of Edinburgh on 16 July 1779; and on 18 December following was elected treasurer of the Faculty of Advocates.

paragraph: In 1783 he was one of the co-founders of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. He served as the Society's Vice President 1812 to 1816.

paragraph: In 1788 (until 1796) he became Sheriff-depute of Renfrewshire. He was one of the eight advocates who took an active part in procuring the rejection of Henry Erskine as dean of the faculty in January 1796.

paragraph: He succeeded Alexander Abercromby as an ordinary Lord of Session, and took his seat on the bench as Lord Meadowbank, on 11 March 1796. In the same year he resigned his professorship. Maconochie was appointed a Lord of Justiciary in place of David Smythe of Methven on 4 September 1804, and was constituted one of the three lords commissioners of the newly appointed jury court on 9 May 1815. His health, however, was poor, and he took little part in the proceedings of the new court, which was opened for the first time on 22 January 1816.

paragraph: He died at Coates House in Dalry, Edinburgh on 14 June 1816, aged 68, and was buried in the private burial-ground on the Meadowbank estate, in the parish of Kirknewton, where there was a monument to his memory. Maconochie was considered an able judge, but eccentric. His predilection for Latin quotation was caricatured in the ‘Diamond Beetle Case,’ attributed to George Cranstoun, Lord Corehouse.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Maconochie was a keen agriculturist. He was the anonymous author of ‘Directions for preparing Manure from Peat, and Instruction for Foresters,’ which was reprinted in 1815, Edinburgh, and again in 1842, Edinburgh. His ‘Considerations on the Introduction of Jury Trial in Civil Causes into Scotland’ was published anonymously in 1814, Edinburgh; 2nd edit. Edinburgh, 1815. His ‘Essay on the Origin and Structure of the European Legislatures’ appeared in two parts in the first volume (1788) of the "Transactions" of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, of which he was a vice-president.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: He married, on 11 November 1774, Elizabeth, third daughter of Robert Welwood of Garvock and Pitliver, Fife, the granddaughter of Sir George Preston, bart., of Valleyfield. He left four sons:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexander;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Robert, who became mint master at Madras, and died in Devonshire Place, London, on 19 February 1858;

paragraph: BULLET::::- James Allan, sheriff of Orkney and Shetland, who died unmarried in 1845; and

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas Tod, who died unmarried in 1847.

paragraph: Maconochie also raised his kinsman, the future penal reformer Alexander Maconochie (b1787) after Alexander's father died when he was aged nine.

paragraph: He was grandfather to Prof Allan Alexander Maconochie FRSE (1806-1885).

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

description: Scottish advocate, judge and agriculturalist

wikidata_label: Allan Maconochie

wikipedia_title: Allan Maconochie, Lord Meadowbank


text:
ice hockey
HC Plzeň 1929
Czech Extraliga
2010–11 Czech Extraliga season
Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds
Ontario Hockey League
Ivan Rachůnek
Karel Rachůnek

categories: People from Zlín,HC Plzeň players,Czech ice hockey players,1991 births,Living people

paragraph: Tomáš Rachůnek

paragraph: Tomáš Rachůnek (born February 26, 1991) is a Czech professional ice hockey player. He played with HC Plzeň 1929 in the Czech Extraliga during the 2010–11 Czech Extraliga season. From 2008 to 2010, he played for Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds in the Ontario Hockey League. He is the younger brother of Ivan Rachůnek and Karel Rachůnek who have also played professional ice hockey.

description: Czech ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Tomáš Rachůnek

wikipedia_title: Tomáš Rachůnek


text: French

text: mathematician

text: Alexander Grothendieck

text: derived categories

text: Verdier duality

text: Alexander Grothendieck

text: hypercovers

text: étale homotopy

text: Michael Artin

text: Barry Mazur

text: Pierre Cartier

text: Saul Lubkin

text: rigid hypercover

text: Eric Friedlander

text: étale topological type

text: École Normale Supérieure

text: École Normale Supérieure

text: Adrien Douady

text: Bourbaki

text: Société Mathématique de France

text: stratified sets

text: Tzee-Char Kuo

text: Whitney conditions

text: subanalytic set

text: Whitney

text: Whitney conditions

text: David Trotman

text: École Polytechnique

text: Whitney conditions

text: integrable system

text: Artin–Verdier duality

text: Y. Kosmann-Schwarzbach

categories: University of Paris alumni,French mathematicians,20th-century mathematicians,Nicolas Bourbaki,1935 births,École Normale Supérieure alumni,University of Paris faculty,1989 deaths

paragraph: Jean-Louis Verdier

paragraph: Jean-Louis Verdier (; 2 February 1935 – 25 August 1989) was a French mathematician who worked, under the guidance of Alexander Grothendieck, on derived categories and Verdier duality. He was a close collaborator of Alexander Grothendieck, notably contributing to SGA 4 his theory of hypercovers and anticipating the later development of étale homotopy by Michael Artin and Barry Mazur, following a suggestion he attributed to Pierre Cartier. Saul Lubkin's related theory of rigid hypercovers was later taken up by Eric Friedlander in his definition of the étale topological type.

paragraph: Verdier was a student at the elite École Normale Supérieure in Paris, and later became director of studies there, as well as a Professor at the University of Paris VII. For many years he directed a joint seminar at the École Normale Supérieure with Adrien Douady. Verdier was a member of Bourbaki. In 1984 he was the president of the Société Mathématique de France.

paragraph: In 1976 Verdier developed a useful regularity condition on stratified sets that the Chinese-Australian mathematician Tzee-Char Kuo had previously shown implied the Whitney conditions for subanalytic sets (such as real or complex analytic varieties). Verdier called the condition (w) for Whitney, as at the time he thought (w) might be equivalent to Whitney's condition (b). Real algebraic examples for which the Whitney conditions hold but Verdier's condition (w) fails, were constructed by David Trotman who has obtained many geometric properties of (w)-regular stratifications. Work of Bernard Teissier, aided by Jean-Pierre Henry and Michel Merle at the École Polytechnique, led to the 1982 result that Verdier's condition (w) is equivalent to the Whitney conditions for complex analytic stratifications.

paragraph: Verdier later worked on the theory of integrable systems.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Artin–Verdier duality

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Verdier's 1967 thesis, published belatedly in:

paragraph: BULLET::::- J.-L. Verdier, "Stratifications de Whitney et théorème de Bertini-Sard", Inventiones Math. 36 (1976), 295-312

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Integrable Systems, The Verdier Memorial Conference" (Actes du Colloque International de Luminy, 1991), Progress in Mathematics 115, edited by O. Babelon, P. Cartier, Y. Kosmann-Schwarzbach, Birkhäuser, 1993.

description: French mathematician

wikidata_label: Jean-Louis Verdier

wikipedia_title: Jean-Louis Verdier


text:
Canadian
ice hockey
defenceman
National Hockey League
New York Islanders
New Jersey Devils
Yale University
American Hockey League
Lowell Lock Monsters
Bridgeport Sound Tigers
Albany River Rats
Houston Aeros
Russian champion
IIHF European Champions Cup
Kontinental Hockey League
SKA Saint Petersburg
2008–09 KHL season
Kontinental Hockey League All-Star Game

categories: Albany River Rats players,New York Islanders players,HIFK (ice hockey) players,Houston Aeros (1994–2013) players,Ak Bars Kazan players,Sportspeople from North Bay, Ontario,AIK IF players,Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Russia,SKA Saint Petersburg players,Canadian ice hockey defencemen,Jokerit players,Bridgeport Sound Tigers,Living people,Lowell Lock Monsters players,1976 births,New Jersey Devils players,Traktor Chelyabinsk players,Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Finland,Ice hockey people from Ontario,Franco-Ontarian people,Canadian expatriate ice hockey players in Sweden,Philadelphia Flyers draft picks

paragraph: Raymond Giroux

paragraph: Raymond "Ray" Giroux (born July 20, 1976) is a former Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who played four seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the New York Islanders and New Jersey Devils.

paragraph: Giroux played collegiately at Yale University. During the 1997–98 season, he captained the best team in school history as Yale won their first ECAC regular season title (Yale has since won another regular season title in the 2008-09 season) and advanced to the NCAA tournament after only having been picked to finish in 10th place at the beginning of the season. In addition to being a 1st-team All American, Giroux was named ECAC Player of the Year as well as the leagues best offensive defenceman and was one of ten finalists for the Hobey Baker Memorial Award, given annually to the nation's top collegiate player.

paragraph: Giroux spent time in many NHL organizations before leaving the US to play overseas. He has played in the American Hockey League (AHL) for the Lowell Lock Monsters, Bridgeport Sound Tigers, Albany River Rats, and Houston Aeros.

paragraph: Playing for Ak Bars he became Russian champion (2005/06) and IIHF European Champions Cup winner (2007). Giroux made his Kontinental Hockey League (KHL) debut playing with SKA Saint Petersburg during the inaugural 2008–09 KHL season. He participated in 2009 Kontinental Hockey League All-Star Game.

description: Canadian ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Ray Giroux

wikipedia_title: Raymond Giroux


text:
Margrave of Meissen
Christian
Saxon Eastern March
Gero the Great
Gero of Cologne
Odo of the Saxon Ostmark
Billung
Swanehilde
Hermann Billung
Duke of Saxony
Gero II
Gau
Schwabengau
Marca Geronis
Margraviate of Meissen
Otto II
Thankmarsfelde
Nienburg
Saale
Bode
Rikdag
Eckard I of Meissen
Nobility of Meissen.

paragraph: Thietmar, Margrave of Meissen

paragraph: Thietmar (II) ( – 3 August 979) was Margrave of Meissen from about 976 until his death.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Thietmar was the eldest of three brothers, all sons of Margrave Christian, count in the Saxon Eastern March, and his wife Hidda, sister of Margrave Gero the Great. His brothers were Archbishop Gero of Cologne and Margrave Odo of the Saxon Ostmark.

paragraph: Thietmar strengthened the ties with the mighty Billung dynasty by marrying Swanehilde (d. 1014), daughter of Margrave Hermann Billung, acting Duke of Saxony from 961. The couple had one son: Gero II, who in 993 would succeed Thietmar's brother Odo as Margrave of the Saxon Eastern March.

paragraph: In 951, he was first recorded when he succeeded his father as margrave in the "Gau" Serimunt. Between 951 and 978, he was also count in the Saxon Schwabengau. After the death of his uncle Gero the Great in 965, Thietmar inherited large parts of whose vast "Marca Geronis" and upon the death of Margrave Wigbert (before 976) received the Margraviate of Meissen from the hands of Emperor Otto II.

paragraph: On 29 August 970, Margrave Thietmar and his brother Gero of Cologne founded the abbey of Thankmarsfelde, which between 971 and 975 became a royal monastery. It was moved to Nienburg at the confluence of the Saale and Bode rivers in 975. In the years which followed, Thietmar and Gero made further donations of land to the monastery, where Thietmar is also buried.

paragraph: Thietmar was succeeded by the Schwabengau count Rikdag. His widow Suanhild married Rikdag's successor Margrave Eckard I of Meissen.

paragraph: Section::::Notes.

paragraph: Section::::Notes.:Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Medieval Lands Project: Nobility of Meissen.

description: Margrave of Meissen

wikidata_label: Thietmar, Margrave of Meissen

wikipedia_title: Thietmar, Margrave of Meissen


text:
Italian
Florence
Giottino
Arezzo
Agnolo di Lorenzo
Vasari
Santa Maria del Fiore
"Italian Paintings: Florentine School"

categories: Italian male painters,1372 births,15th-century Italian painters,14th-century Italian painters,Quattrocento painters,1430 deaths,Florentine painters

paragraph: Giovanni Francesco Toscani

paragraph: Giovanni Francesco Toscani (1372 - 2 May 1430) was an Italian painter.

paragraph: Born in Florence, he was the pupil of Giottino, in whose style he painted. His masterpiece is said to have been an "Annunciation" for a chapel of the Bishop's palace in Arezzo. It was restored by Agnolo di Lorenzo, and later by Vasari. Toscani was buried in Santa Maria del Fiore.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Italian Paintings: Florentine School", a collection catalog containing information about Toscani and his works (see pages: 75-77).

alias:
Giovanni Toscani
Griggs Master
Giovanni Di Francesco Toscani
Giovanni di Francesco Toscani
Master of Griggs Crucifixion
Master of the Griggs Crucifixion
Toscani

description: Italian painter

wikidata_label: Giovanni Francesco Toscani

wikipedia_title: Giovanni Francesco Toscani


text:
Imperial Japanese Army
Minister of War
World War I
Hiroshi Ōshima
lieutenant general
Nazi Germany
Mino Province
Ena City
Gifu Prefecture
Imperial Japanese Army Academy
artillery
military attaché
France
Prussia
Yamagata Aritomo
Japanese First Army
First Sino-Japanese War
Russo-Japanese War
Imperial General Headquarters
Imperial Japanese Army General Staff
major general
lieutenant general
Minister of War
Prime Ministers
Ōkuma Shigenobu
Terauchi Masatake
House of Peers
Diet of Japan
Privy Council

categories: Japanese people of World War I,Members of the House of Peers (Japan),1947 deaths,People of the First Sino-Japanese War,Japanese military personnel of the Russo-Japanese War,Military personnel from Gifu Prefecture,Japanese generals,Ministers of the Imperial Japanese Army,1858 births

paragraph: Ōshima Ken'ichi

paragraph: Baron was a general in the Imperial Japanese Army and Minister of War during World War I. His son, Hiroshi Ōshima was also a lieutenant general in the Army, and served as Japanese ambassador to Nazi Germany.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Ōshima was born in Iwamura domain, Mino Province (currently part of Ena City in Gifu Prefecture). He graduated from the 4th class of the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in 1881, where he specialized in artillery. He was sent overseas as a military attaché and for studies to France and Prussia from 1891–1893.

paragraph: Ōshima served on the staff of General Yamagata Aritomo during the Japanese First Army in First Sino-Japanese War. During the Russo-Japanese War, he served on the Imperial General Headquarters, and after the war held various administrative and staff positions within the Imperial Japanese Army General Staff. He was promoted to major general in 1907 and to lieutenant general in 1913.

paragraph: From 30 April 1916 to 29 September 1918, Ōshima was Minister of War under Prime Ministers Ōkuma Shigenobu and Terauchi Masatake. He entered the reserves in 1919 and served as a member of the House of Peers in the Diet of Japan from 1920. From 1940-1946, he was a member of the Privy Council.

description: Japanese politician

wikidata_label: Ōshima Ken'ichi

wikipedia_title: Ōshima Ken'ichi


text: Menabilly

text: Fellow of the Royal Society

text: Trewhiddle

text: Anglo-Saxon

text: Aldermanbury

text: Jonathan Rashleigh III

text: Fowey

text: Sir William Clayton, 1st Baronet

text: New College, Oxford

text: Frederick, Prince of Wales

text: Menabilly

text: Fowey

text: elected member

text: Fowey

text: Father of the House of Commons

text: mineralogy

text: Society of Antiquaries

text: Fellow of the Royal Society

text: John Opie

text: Royal Cornwall Museum

text: Truro

text: Natural History Museum

text: John Whitaker

text: Royal Geological Society of Cornwall

text: British Museum

text: Shute

text: William Rashleigh

text: Sheriff of Cornwall

text: Menabilly

text: Tywardreath

categories: British MPs 1761–1768,British MPs 1774–1780,Alumni of New College, Oxford,Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries of London,British MPs 1790–1796,British antiquarians,Fellows of the Royal Society,Cornish mineralogists,British MPs 1768–1774,People from Fowey,Politicians from Cornwall,1811 deaths,British MPs 1780–1784,British MPs 1784–1790,UK MPs 1801–1802,Cornish geologists,Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for constituencies in Cornwall,1729 births,British MPs 1796–1800,Rashleigh family,Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for constituencies in Cornwall

paragraph: Philip Rashleigh (1729–1811)

paragraph: Philip Rashleigh III (28 December 1729 – 26 June 1811) of Menabilly, Cornwall, was an antiquary and Fellow of the Royal Society and a Cornish squire. He collected and published the Trewhiddle Hoard of Anglo-Saxon treasure, which still gives its name to the "Trewhiddle style" of 9th century decoration.

paragraph: Section::::Origins.

paragraph: He was born at Aldermanbury, London, on 28 December 1729, the eldest son and heir of Jonathan Rashleigh III (1693–1764), of Menabilly, MP for Fowey in Cornwall, by his wife Mary Clayton, daughter of Sir William Clayton, 1st Baronet (died 1744) of Marden in Surrey.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He matriculated from New College, Oxford, 15 July 1749, and contributed to the poems of the university on the death of Frederick, Prince of Wales, a set of English verses, which is reprinted in Nichols's "Select Collection of Poems" (viii. 201–2); he left Oxford without taking a degree. On the death of his father in 1764 he inherited the family seat of Menabilly, near Fowey on the south coast of Cornwall.

paragraph: He also took over from him in Parliament as the elected member for the family borough of Fowey on 21 January 1765, sitting continuously, in spite of contests and election petitions, until the dissolution of 1802, by which time he was known as the "Father of the House of Commons". His knowledge of Cornish mineralogy procured his election as a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries and Fellow of the Royal Society in 1788.

paragraph: Section::::Portrait.

paragraph: A portrait of Rashleigh, seated in a chair, was painted by John Opie about 1795, and is now in the Royal Cornwall Museum, Truro. It is a "fine specimen of the painter's best period".

paragraph: Section::::Scientific work.

paragraph: Rashleigh's collection of minerals was remarkable for its various specimens of tin. It is held by the Royal Cornwall Museum, with portions at the Natural History Museum, and its most valuable portions are described in two volumes of "Specimens of British Minerals" from his cabinet (1797 and 1802). In the same collection are models in glass of the hailstones that fell on 20 October 1791, particulars of which, with the figured representations, are given, on Rashleigh's information, in King's "Remarks on Stones fallen from the Clouds", pp. 18–20. He contributed antiquarian papers to the "Archæologia", ix. 187–8, xi. 83–4, xii. 414, but they were derided by Dr. John Whitaker as the work of an "amateur in antiquarianism". A paper by him on certain "alluvial deposits" at Sandrycock, Cornwall, is in the "Transactions" of the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall, ii. 281–4, and a letter from him to E. M. Da Costa, on some English shells, is in the British Museum Addit. MS. 28541, f. 196. He constructed a remarkable grotto at Polridmouth, near the family seat.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage.

paragraph: He married his first cousin, Jane Pole (1720–1795), only daughter of the Rev. Carolus Pole, 3rd son of Sir John Pole of Shute, Devonshire. They had no issue, and the family estates passed to his nephew William Rashleigh (1777–1855), MP for Fowey (1812–18) and Sheriff of Cornwall for 1820.

paragraph: Section::::Death & burial.

paragraph: He died at Menabilly on 26 June 1811 and was buried in the church of Tywardreath, Cornwall.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mineralogical Record gallery of illustration of the Rashleigh collection

description: British politician and mineralogist (1729-1811)

wikidata_label: Philip Rashleigh

wikipedia_title: Philip Rashleigh (1729–1811)


text:
French
humanities
Collège de Navarre
Paris
Padua
Orléans
Nevers
Parlement
Third Estate
States-General
procureur fiscal
Duke of Nevers

categories: University of Paris alumni,16th-century jurists,French jurists,1523 births,University of Padua alumni,1603 deaths

paragraph: Guy Coquille

paragraph: Guy Coquille (1523–1603), also called Conchyleus, was a French jurist.

paragraph: He studied the humanities in the Collège de Navarre, Paris, from 1532 to 1539, and then law in Padua and Orléans. Coquille took up the practice of law in Paris in 1550, and moved to Nevers in 1559, where he worked as an advocate for the Parlement. He represented the Third Estate of his province in the States-General of 1560, 1576 and 1588, and served as procureur fiscal of the Duke of Nevers from 1571 on.

paragraph: Coquille's writings were all published posthumously. They include the "Institutions au droit des Francois, ou Nouvelle Conférence des Coutumes de France" (1607) and the "Questions et responses sur les Coutumes de France" (1611). These works attempted to cover the laws of France comprehensively without respect to their origin in the common law or in Roman law, a novel approach that first emerged in the legal writing of 16th century France, and later in that of other European countries as well.

description: French jurist

wikidata_label: Guy Coquille

wikipedia_title: Guy Coquille


text:
Galician
Benedictine
abbess
Portugal
saint
Roman Catholic Church
Saint Rudesind
Mondonedo
Basto
Sousa family
Blessed
Benedictine
Vieira (Vieyra)
Basto
Braga
Paio Mendes
Archbishop of Braga
feast day
Basto
King Sancho I of Portugal
Afonso II
Basto
Kingdom of Galicia

categories: Spanish Roman Catholic saints,Portuguese Roman Catholic religious sisters and nuns,10th-century Christian nuns,Female saints of medieval Portugal,Medieval Portuguese saints,10th-century Christian saints,10th-century Spanish women,Year of birth unknown,10th-century people from the Kingdom of León,982 deaths,Benedictine nuns,10th-century Portuguese people,Female saints of medieval Spain,10th-century Portuguese women,Medieval Spanish saints

paragraph: Senorina of Basto

paragraph: Saint Senorina of Basto (; c. 942 – 982) was a Galician Benedictine abbess in what is today northern Portugal. She is a saint in the Roman Catholic Church and was related to Saint Rudesind of Mondonedo.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Senorina of Basto is thought to have been born into the noble Sousa family as either Domitilla or Genoveva. After being raised by her aunt, Blessed Godina (), abbess of the Benedictine convent of St. John of Vieira (Vieyra), Senorina also joined the Benedictines and succeeded her aunt as abbess at Vieira. Later, she moved the convent of Vieira to Basto near Braga, Portugal.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Senorina of Basto was canonized by Paio Mendes, Archbishop of Braga, in 1130, at a time when bishops had the authority to canonize faithful people in their dioceses. Her feast day is April 22, which is recorded in Portuguese liturgical calendars beginning in the 13th century.

paragraph: Her shrine in Basto was a popular pilgrimage destination in the region in the 12th and 13th centuries. King Sancho I of Portugal was one famous devotee who made the pilgrimage to cure his son and heir, Afonso II, who was healed and succeeded Sancho I as king of Portugal. The church in Basto has been named in her honor since at least 1220, and water from a nearby fountain named after her is believed to have healing properties. Her tomb is housed in the church.

paragraph: In art, she is typically depicted with a water jug or vessel at her side and sometimes a frog, in reference to one of the miracles she is said to have performed during her life.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kingdom of Galicia

alias:
Saint Senhorinha
Saint Senorina
Senorina

description: Galician saint

wikidata_label: Senorina of Basto

wikipedia_title: Senorina of Basto


text:
lord of Piombino
Appiani
Piombino
Iacopo IV Appiani
Roberto II Sanseverino
Pope Leo X
Jacopo Salviati
Lucrezia de' Medici
Iacopo VI
Alfonso
Grand Duchy of Tuscany
Jacopo IV
Doge of Genoa
Jano I
Ferdinand the Ist

categories: 1545 deaths,Appiani family,Lords of Piombino,1480 births

paragraph: Iacopo V Appiani

paragraph: Iacopo V Appiani (1480 – 20 October 1545) was the lord of Piombino of the Appiani (or Appiano) dynasty from 1511 until his death.

paragraph: He was born in Piombino, the son of Iacopo IV Appiani. Like his predecessors, he initially kept a policy of alliance with the Aragonese of Naples, by marrying Marianna of Aragon in 1510, widow of Roberto II Sanseverino. After the latter's death, he married to Emilia Ridolfi, niece of Pope Leo X; she died soon afterwards, and Jacopo remarried with her sister Clarice. After her death, he found a new wife in Elena Salviati, daughter of Jacopo Salviati and Lucrezia de' Medici.

paragraph: He was succeeded by his son Iacopo VI. His other son Alfonso was admiral in the Navy of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Jacopo d’Appiano was born in 1480 in Piombino. He was the son of Jacopo IV, the 1st Prince Piombino and Princess Victoria Todeschini-Piccolomini. From paternal lineage, Jacopo d’Appiano was the grandson of Jacopo III, the 3rd lord of Piombino and Battistini Kampofregozo and of the daughter of Doge of Genoa Jano I. On the maternal lineage he was the grandson of Antonio, the 1st Duke of Amalfi from Todeschini-Piccolomini, and of Princess Mary d'Aragona, illegitimate daughter of the Ferdinand the Ist, the King of Naples.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mauro Carrara, Signori e principi di Piombino, Bandecchi & Vivaldi, Pontedera 1996.

paragraph: br

description: Lord of Piombino

wikidata_label: Iacopo V Appiani

wikipedia_title: Iacopo V Appiani


text: prelate

text: Roman Catholic Church

text: Bishop of Hamilton

text: Hokitika

text: Westland High School

text: Mosgiel

text: Diocese of Christchurch

text: Mairehau

text: Ashburton

text: Greymouth

text: Timaru North

text: Licenciate in Spiritual Theology

text: Pontifical Gregorian University

text: National Seminary

text: Ponsonby

text: Pope Francis

text: Denis Browne

text: consecration

text: consecrator

wikipedia_title: Roman Catholic Diocese of Hamilton, New Zealand

categories: Living people,People from Hokitika,New Zealand Roman Catholic bishops,Pontifical Gregorian University alumni,1962 births,Holy Cross College, New Zealand alumni

paragraph: Stephen Lowe (bishop of Hamilton)

paragraph: Stephen Marmion Lowe (born 3 August 1962) is a New Zealand prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. Since 2015, he has been the Bishop of Hamilton, New Zealand.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Lowe was born in Hokitika, the youngest child of Milly and Frank Lowe, with two older sisters Margaret and Dorothy. He was educated at Hokitika Primary School, then St Mary's Primary School, Hokitika. He undertook his secondary studies at Westland High School.

paragraph: Following school he worked for the NZ Forest Service in Hokitika and Christchurch and the NZ Timberlands in Timaru. During this time he became involved in his local parish in Timaru North where he was involved in a young adults group and with youth in the parish. In 1989 he discerned the call to priesthood. He attended Holy Cross College in Mosgiel and then the St Charles Borromeo Seminary, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (United States).

paragraph: Section::::Ordained ministry.

paragraph: Lowe was ordained a priest on 7 June 1996 in Hokitika for the Diocese of Christchurch and served as the assistant priest in Mairehau, Ashburton and Greymouth parishes before being appointed parish priest of Timaru North. During the years 2005-2007 he completed a Licenciate in Spiritual Theology in Rome at the Pontifical Gregorian University.

paragraph: From 2008 until October 2014, Lowe was the director of formation at the National Seminary, Holy Cross College in Ponsonby, Auckland. While based at the seminary in Auckland, he served, for a time, as Parish Priest of Ponsonby.

paragraph: Section::::Episcopal ministry.

paragraph: On 22 November 2014, Lowe was appointed by Pope Francis to replace Denis Browne, the 2nd Bishop of Hamiton, whose resignation was accepted on the same date. His consecration as a bishop took place at the Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Hamilton, on 13 February 2015. His principal consecrator was his predecessor, Denis Browne. The principal co-consecrators were Bishop Barry Philip Jones of Christchurch and Bishop Charles Edward Drennan of Palmerston North.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hamilton Catholic Diocese

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bishop Stephen Marmion Lowe", "Catholic Hierarchy"

description: New Zealand bishop

wikidata_label: Stephen Lowe

wikipedia_title: Stephen Lowe (bishop of Hamilton)


text:
footballer
Avaí
Santos
goalkeeper
Ipiaú
Bahia
Santos
Fortaleza
replacing
Anderson Carvalho
Ponte Preta
Rafael
sent off
Santo André
Aranha
that year
Vanderlei
that year
Campeonato Paulista
Corinthians
penalty
Palmeiras
Copa Libertadores
2011
Sporting Cristal
Avaí
Campeonato Paulista
2010
2011
2012
2015
2016
Copa do Brasil
2010
Copa Libertadores
2011
Recopa Sudamericana
2012
Campeonato Catarinense
2019

wikipedia_title:
Association football
Avaí FC
Santos FC
Goalkeeper (association football)
Ipiaú
Bahia
Santos FC
Fortaleza Esporte Clube
Substitute (association football)
Anderson Carvalho
Associação Atlética Ponte Preta
Rafael Cabral
Ejection (sports)
Esporte Clube Santo André
Aranha (footballer)
2012 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A
Vanderlei Farias da Silva
2015 Campeonato Paulista
Campeonato Paulista
Sport Club Corinthians Paulista
Penalty kick (association football)
Sociedade Esportiva Palmeiras
Copa Libertadores
2011 Copa Libertadores
Sporting Cristal
Avaí FC
Campeonato Paulista
2010 Campeonato Paulista
2011 Campeonato Paulista
2012 Campeonato Paulista
2015 Campeonato Paulista
2016 Campeonato Paulista
Copa do Brasil
2010 Copa do Brasil
Copa Libertadores
2011 Copa Libertadores
Recopa Sudamericana
2012 Recopa Sudamericana
Campeonato Catarinense
2019 Campeonato Catarinense

categories: People from Bahia,Brazilian footballers,Santos FC players,1989 births,Living people,Association football goalkeepers,Campeonato Brasileiro Série A players

paragraph: Vladimir Orlando Cardoso de Araújo Filho (born 16 July 1989), simply known as Vladimir, is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Avaí, on loan from Santos, as a goalkeeper.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Santos.

paragraph: Born in Ipiaú, Bahia, Vladimir graduated from Santos' youth system. On 18 September 2009, he was loaned to Fortaleza, but failed to make an appearance with the club (being only third-choice goalkeeper), and returned to his parent club two months later.

paragraph: On 2 February 2011 Vladimir made his first team debut, replacing field player Anderson Carvalho in a 2–2 away draw against Ponte Preta, after Rafael was sent off. He was handed his first start three days later, in a 1–1 away draw against Santo André.

paragraph: Mainly a backup to Rafael, Vladimir was further demoted after Aranha's arrival in 2012, being only selected on the bench in some occasions during that year. Rafael subsequently left in 2013, and he subsequently was a backup to Aranha.

paragraph: In September 2014, profiting from Aranha's injury, Vladimir appeared more regularly until the return of the former, only suffering one goal in the process. On 14 January 2015 he signed a new deal with "Peixe", until December.

paragraph: In 2015, after new signing Vanderlei suffered an injury, Vladimir was a starter in that year's Campeonato Paulista winning campaign. He made a double recovery save in a 1–1 away draw against Corinthians on 5 April (it was also his first derby as a professional), and saved a penalty in the shoot-out in the final against Palmeiras on 3 May.

paragraph: On 21 August 2015, after already returning to the bench, Vladimir renewed his contract until December 2016. On 26 September of the following year he further extended his link, signing until 2018.

paragraph: In 2017, as Vanderlei suffered another injury, Vladimir again became a regular starter. Despite already winning the Copa Libertadores in 2011 as a third-choice, he made his debut in the competition on 9 March 2017 by starting in a 1–1 away draw against Sporting Cristal.

paragraph: Section::::Club career.:Santos.:Avaí (loan).

paragraph: On 24 January 2019, Vladimir joined fellow top tier side Avaí on a one-year loan deal.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Santos

paragraph: BULLET::::- Campeonato Paulista: 2010, 2011, 2012, 2015, 2016

paragraph: BULLET::::- Copa do Brasil: 2010

paragraph: BULLET::::- Copa Libertadores: 2011

paragraph: BULLET::::- Recopa Sudamericana: 2012

paragraph: BULLET::::- Avaí

paragraph: BULLET::::- Campeonato Catarinense: 2019

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Santos FC official profile

alias: Vladimir Orlando Cardoso de Araujo Filho

description: Brazilian footballer


text:
Naples
Italy
Viceroy of Sicily
Order of the Golden Fleece

categories: Viceroys of Sicily,1395 births,Medieval Italian nobility,15th-century Italian people

paragraph: Antonio de Cardona

paragraph: Antonio de Cardona y de Xerica-Aragon, (1395–1458 Naples, Italy) Viceroy of Sicily 1419–1421, son of Hugo de Cardona and Beatriz de Xerica y Martinez de Luna,

paragraph: In 1400, Antonio de Cardona y de Xerica-Aragon married "Leonor Manoel de Vilhena" (born 1380)

paragraph: They had:

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1) Pedro de Cardona (died 1451), 1st Count of Collisano, Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.grandesp.org.uk/historia/gzas/cardonadq.htm

alias:
Antonio de Cardona y Xérica
Antonio Cardona

description: Viceroy of Sicily

wikidata_label: Antonio de Cardona

wikipedia_title: Antonio de Cardona


text: English

text: scholastic philosopher

text: Bishop of Lincoln

text: Stradbroke

text: Suffolk

text: A. C. Crombie

text: Oxford

text: liberal arts education

text: William de Vere

text: Gerald of Wales

text: benefice

text: Abbotsley

text: diocese of Lincoln

text: Oxford

text: University of Paris

text: lector

text: Franciscans

text: convent

text: Chancellor of the University of Oxford

text: Hugh of Wells

text: Archdeacon of Leicester

text: prebend

text: canon

text: Lincoln Cathedral

text: papal court

text: Adam Marsh

text: Roger Bacon

text: Psalter

text: Pauline epistles

text: Genesis

text: creation account

text: Isaiah

text: Daniel

text: Sirach

text: Mosaic Law

text: Lincoln cathedral

text: Reading

text: deaneries

text: First Council of Lyons

text: Dean

text: William de Thornaco

text: Bishop

text: precentor

text: subdean

text: Thomas Becket

text: Henry III

text: Edward I

text: legate

text: Otto Candidus

text: (Saint) Edmund

text: baron

text: Archbishop of Canterbury

text: Boniface of Savoy

text: Innocent IV

text: crusade

text: Adam Marsh

text: Simon de Montfort

text: tyranny

text: constitutionalist

text: statesman

text: Matthew Paris

text: Roger Bacon

text: physicist

text: Bishop Grosseteste University

text: Lincoln Cathedral

text: see biography above

text: Hexaëmeron

text: scientific method

text: cosmogony

text: John of Basingstoke

text: Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs

text: Aristotle

text: Posterior Analytics

text: Physics

text: Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite

text: demonstrative science

text: Scholastics

text: Aristotle

text: Padua

text: Galileo Galilei

text: Boethius

text: Roger Bacon

text: Durham University

text: saint

text: miracle

text: shrine

text: pilgrims

text: indulgence

text: bishop of Lincoln

text: University of Oxford

text: Edward I

text: canonisation

text: Anglican Communion

text: beatified

text: Episcopal Church (USA)

text: Hugh of Lincoln

text: Brazen head

text: Greyfriars, Oxford

text: History of science in the Middle Ages

text: History of the scientific method

text: Oxford Franciscan school

text: Clarendon Press

text: Oxford University Press

text: The Electronic Grosseteste

text: International Robert Grosseteste Society

text: Ordered Universe Project

text: "Robert Grosseteste"

text: Encyclopædia Britannica

text: On Light

categories: Chancellors of the University of Oxford,Medieval philosophers,13th-century mathematicians,13th-century translators,Academics of the University of Oxford,English scientists,13th-century astronomers,13th-century Roman Catholic theologians,English philosophers,Medieval English astronomers,People from Stradbroke,1170s births,13th-century Latin writers,Clerks,English Franciscans,Greek–Latin translators,Burials in Lincolnshire,Scholastic philosophers,Catholic philosophers,Medieval English theologians,13th-century Roman Catholic bishops,Catholic clergy scientists,Archdeacons of Leicester,Philosophers of science,Bishops of Lincoln,Medieval scientists,1253 deaths

paragraph: Robert Grosseteste

paragraph: Robert Grosseteste ( ; ;  – 9 October 1253) was an English statesman, scholastic philosopher, theologian, scientist and Bishop of Lincoln. He was born of humble parents at Stradbroke in Suffolk. Upon his death, he was almost universally revered as a saint in England, but attempts to procure a formal canonisation failed. A. C. Crombie calls him "the real founder of the tradition of scientific thought in medieval Oxford, and in some ways, of the modern English intellectual tradition".

paragraph: Section::::Scholarly career.

paragraph: There is very little direct evidence about Grosseteste's education. He may have received a liberal arts education at Hereford, in light of his connection with the Bishop of Hereford William de Vere in the 1190s and a recommendation from Gerald of Wales. It is fairly certain that Grosseteste was a "master" by 1192, but whether that indicated that he had completed a course of studies is unclear. Grosseteste acquired a position in the bishop's household, but at the death of this patron he disappears from the historical record for several years. He appears again in the early thirteenth century as a judge-delegate in Hereford, but there are no surviving details of where he resided or whether he had continued to study.

paragraph: By 1225, he had gained the benefice of Abbotsley in the diocese of Lincoln, by which time he was a deacon. On that period in his life, scholarship is divided. Some historians argue that he began his teaching career in theology at Oxford in this year, whereas others have more recently argued that he used the income of his ecclesiastical post to support studies in theology at the University of Paris. However, there is clear evidence that by 1229/30 he was teaching at Oxford, but on the periphery as the lector in theology to the Franciscans, who had established a convent in Oxford about 1224. He remained in this post until March 1235.

paragraph: Grosseteste may also have been appointed Chancellor of the University of Oxford. However, the evidence for this comes from a late thirteenth century anecdote whose main claim is that Grosseteste was in fact entitled the master of students ("magister scholarium").

paragraph: At the same time he began lecturing in theology at Oxford, Hugh of Wells, Bishop of Lincoln, appointed him as Archdeacon of Leicester, and he also gained a prebend that made him a canon in Lincoln Cathedral. However, after a severe illness in 1232, he resigned all his benefices (Abbotsley and Leicester), but retained his prebend. His reasons were due to changing attitudes about the plurality of benefices (holding more than one ecclesiastical position simultaneously), and after seeking advice from the papal court, he tendered his resignations. The angry response of his friends and colleagues to his resignations took him by surprise and he complained to his sister and to his closest friend, the Franciscan Adam Marsh, that his intentions had been completely misunderstood.

paragraph: As a master of the sacred page (manuscripts of theology in Latin), Grosseteste trained the Franciscans in the standard curriculum of university theology. The Franciscan Roger Bacon was his most famous disciple, and acquired an interest in the scientific method from him. Grosseteste lectured on the Psalter, the Pauline epistles, Genesis (at least the creation account), and possibly on Isaiah, Daniel and Sirach. He also led disputations on such subjects as the theological nature of truth and the efficacy of the Mosaic Law. Grosseteste also preached at the university and appears to have been called to preach within the diocese as well. He collected some of those sermons, along with some short notes and reflections, not long after he left Oxford; this is now known as his "Dicta". His theological writings reveal a continual interest in the natural world as a major resource for theological reflection and an ability to read Greek sources (if he ever learned Hebrew, it would be not until he became bishop of Lincoln). His theological index ("tabula distinctionum") reveals the breadth of his learning and his desire to communicate it in a systematic manner. However, Grosseteste's own style was far more unstructured than many of his scholastic contemporaries, and his writings reverberate with his own personal views and outlooks.

paragraph: Section::::Bishop of Lincoln.

paragraph: In February 1235, Hugh of Wells died, and the canons of Lincoln cathedral met to elect his successor. They soon were at a deadlock and could not reach a majority. Fearing that the election would be taken out of their hands, they settled on a compromise candidate, Grosseteste. He was consecrated in June of that same year at Reading. He instituted an innovative programme of visitation, a procedure normally reserved for the inspection of monasteries. Grosseteste expanded it to include all the deaneries in each archdeaconry of his vast diocese. The scheme brought him into conflict with more than one privileged corporation, in particular with his own chapter, who vigorously disputed his claim to exercise the right of visitation over their community. The dispute raged hotly from 1239 to 1245, with the chapter launching an appeal to the papacy. In 1245, while attending the First Council of Lyons, the papal court ruled in favour of Grosseteste. Dean William de Thornaco is recorded as being suspended by Bishop Grosseteste in 1239, together with precentor and subdean in relation to the aforementioned matter.

paragraph: In ecclesiastical politics the bishop belonged to the school of Thomas Becket. His zeal for reform led him to advance, on behalf of the courts, Christian pretensions which it was impossible that the secular power should admit. He twice incurred a rebuke from Henry III upon this subject although it was left for Edward I to settle the question of principle in favour of the state. The devotion of Grosseteste to the hierarchical theories of his age is attested by his correspondence with his chapter and the king. Against the former he upheld the prerogative of the bishops; against the latter he asserted that it was impossible for a bishop to disregard the commands of the Holy See. Where the liberties of the national church came into conflict with the pretensions of Rome he stood by his own countrymen.

paragraph: Thus in 1238 he demanded that the King should release certain Oxford scholars who had assaulted the legate Otto Candidus. But at least up to the year 1247 he submitted patiently to papal encroachments, contenting himself with the protection (by a special papal privilege) of his own diocese from alien clerks. Of royal exactions he was more impatient; and, after the retirement of Archbishop (Saint) Edmund, constituted himself the spokesman of the clerical estate in the Great Council.

paragraph: In 1244 he sat on a committee which was empanelled to consider a demand for a subsidy. The committee rejected the demand, and Grosseteste foiled an attempt on the king's part to separate the clergy from the baronage. "It is written", the bishop said, "that united we stand and divided we fall."

paragraph: The last years of Grosseteste's life and episcopacy were embroiled in a conflict with the new Archbishop of Canterbury, Boniface of Savoy. In 1250, he travelled to the papal court, where one of the cardinals read his complaints at an audience with Innocent IV. He claimed not only that Boniface was threatening the health of the church but also that the pope was just as guilty for not reining him in and that that was symptomatic of the current malaise of the entire church. Most observers noted the personal animus between the bishop of Lincoln and the pope, but it did not stop the pope from agreeing to most of Grosseteste's demands about the way the English church ought to function.

paragraph: Grosseteste continued to keep a watchful eye on ecclesiastical events. In 1251 he protested against a papal mandate enjoining the English clergy to pay Henry III one-tenth of their revenues for a crusade; and called attention to the fact that, under the system of provisions, a sum of 70,000 marks was annually drawn from England by the alien nominees of Rome. In 1253, upon being commanded to provide in his own diocese for a papal nephew, he wrote a letter of expostulation and refusal, not to the pope himself but to the commissioner, Master Innocent, through whom he received the mandate. The text of the remonstrance, as given in the Burton Annals and in Matthew Paris, has possibly been altered by a forger who had less respect than Grosseteste for the papacy. The language is more violent than that which the bishop elsewhere employs. But the general argument, that the papacy may command obedience only so far as its commands are consonant with the teaching of Christ and the apostles, is only what should be expected from an ecclesiastical reformer of Grosseteste's time. There is much more reason for suspecting the letter addressed "to the nobles of England, the citizens of London, and the community of the whole realm", in which Grosseteste is represented as denouncing in unmeasured terms papal finance in all its branches. But even in this case allowance must be made for the difference between modern and medieval standards of decorum.

paragraph: Grosseteste numbered among his most intimate friends the Franciscan teacher, Adam Marsh. Through Adam he came into close relations with Simon de Montfort. From the Franciscan's letters it appears that the earl had studied a political tract by Grosseteste on the difference between a monarchy and a tyranny and that he embraced with enthusiasm the bishop's projects of ecclesiastical reform. Their alliance began as early as 1239, when Grosseteste exerted himself to bring about a reconciliation between the king and the earl. But there is no reason to suppose that the political ideas of Montfort had matured before the death of Grosseteste; nor did Grosseteste busy himself overmuch with secular politics, except insofar as they touched the interest of the Church. Grosseteste realised that the misrule of Henry III and his unprincipled compact with the papacy largely accounted for the degeneracy of the English hierarchy and the laxity of ecclesiastical discipline. But he can hardly be termed a constitutionalist.

paragraph: Section::::Death and burial.

paragraph: Grosseteste died on 9 October 1253 He was aged between seventy and eighty.

paragraph: He is buried in a tomb within his memorial chapel within Lincoln Cathedral. Its dedicatory plaque reads as follows:

paragraph: Section::::Reputation and legacy.

paragraph: Grosseteste was already an elderly man, with a firmly established reputation, when he became a bishop. As an ecclesiastical statesman, he showed the same fiery zeal and versatility of which he had given proof in his academic career; but the general tendency of modern writers has been to exaggerate his political and ecclesiastical services, and to neglect his performance as a scientist and scholar. The opinion of his own age, as expressed by Matthew Paris and Roger Bacon, was very different. His contemporaries, while admitting the excellence of his intentions as a statesman, lay stress upon his defects of temper and discretion. But they see in him the pioneer of a literary and scientific movement; not merely a great ecclesiastic who patronised learning in his leisure hours, but the first mathematician and physicist of his age. He anticipated, in these fields of thought, some of the striking ideas to which Roger Bacon subsequently gave a wider currency.

paragraph: Bishop Grosseteste University, a stone's throw away from Lincoln Cathedral, is named after Robert Grosseteste. The university provides Initial Teacher Training and academic degrees at all levels. In 2003, it hosted an international conference on Grosseteste in honour of the 750th anniversary of his death.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Grosseteste wrote a number of early works in Latin and French while he was a clerk (see biography above), including one called "Chasteau d'amour", an allegorical poem on the creation of the world and Christian redemption, as well as several other poems and texts on household management and courtly etiquette. He also wrote a number of theological works including the influential "Hexaëmeron" in the 1230s. He was also a highly regarded author of manuals on pastoral care and produced treatises that dealt with a variety of penitential contexts, including monasteries, the parish and a bishop's household.

paragraph: However, Grosseteste is best known as an original thinker for his work concerning what would today be called science or the scientific method.

paragraph: From about 1220 to 1235 he wrote a host of scientific treatises including:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "De sphera". An introductory text on astronomy.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "De luce". On the "metaphysics of light." (which is the most original work of cosmogony in the Latin West)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "De accessu et recessu maris". On tides and tidal movements. (although some scholars dispute his authorship)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "De lineis, angulis et figuris". Mathematical reasoning in the natural sciences.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "De iride". On the rainbow.

paragraph: In 1242, having been introduced to the Greek work by John of Basingstoke, Grosseteste had the "Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs" brought from Greece and translated it with help of a clerk of St. Albans:

paragraph: He also wrote a number of commentaries on Aristotle, including the first in the West of "Posterior Analytics", and one on Aristotle's "Physics", which has survived as a loose collection of notes or glosses on the text. Moreover, he did a lot of very interesting work on Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite's Celestial Hierarchy: he translated both the text and the scholia from Greek into Latin and wrote a commentary

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Science.

paragraph: It has been argued that Grosseteste played a key role in the development of the scientific method. Grosseteste did introduce to the Latin West the notion of controlled experiment and related it to demonstrative science, as one among many ways of arriving at such knowledge. Although Grosseteste did not always follow his own advice during his investigations, his work is seen as instrumental in the history of the development of the Western scientific tradition.

paragraph: Grosseteste was the first of the Scholastics to fully understand Aristotle's vision of the dual path of scientific reasoning: generalising from particular observations into a universal law, and then back again from universal laws to prediction of particulars. Grosseteste called this "resolution and composition". So, for example, looking at the particulars of the moon, it is possible to arrive at universal laws about nature. Conversely once these universal laws are understood, it is possible to make predictions and observations about other objects besides the moon. Grosseteste said further that both paths should be verified through experimentation to verify the principles involved. These ideas established a tradition that carried forward to Padua and Galileo Galilei in the 17th century.

paragraph: As important as "resolution and composition" would become to the future of Western scientific tradition, more important to his own time was his idea of the subordination of the sciences. For example, when looking at geometry and optics, optics is subordinate to geometry because optics depends on geometry, and so optics was a prime example of a subalternate science. Thus Grosseteste concluded, following much of what Boethius had argued, that mathematics was the highest of all sciences, and the basis for all others, since every natural science ultimately depended on mathematics. He supported this conclusion by looking at light, which he believed to be the "first form" of all things, the source of all generation and motion (approximately what is now known as biology and physics). Hence, since light could be reduced to lines and points, and thus fully explained in the realm of mathematics, mathematics was the highest order of the sciences.

paragraph: Grosseteste's work in optics was also relevant and would be continued by Roger Bacon, who often mentioned his indebtedness to him although there is no proof that the two ever met. In "De Iride" Grosseteste writes:

paragraph: This part of optics, when well understood, shows us how we may make things a very long distance off appear as if placed very close, and large near things appear very small, and how we may make small things placed at a distance appear any size we want, so that it may be possible for us to read the smallest letters at incredible distances, or to count sand, or seed, or any sort of minute objects.

paragraph: Editions of the original Latin text may be found in: "Die Philosophischen Werke des Robert Grosseteste, Bischofs von Lincoln" (Münster i. W., Aschendorff, 1912.), p. 75.

paragraph: Grossesteste is now believed to have had a very modern understanding of colour, and supposed errors in his account have been found to be based on corrupt late copies of his essay on the nature of colour, written in about 1225 ("De Luce"). In 2014 Grosseteste's 1225 treatise "De Luce" ("On Light") was translated from Latin and interpreted by an interdisciplinary project led by Durham University, that included Latinists, philologists, medieval historians, physicists and cosmologists. "De Luce" explores the nature of matter and the cosmos. Four centuries before Isaac Newton proposed gravity and seven centuries before the Big Bang theory, Grosseteste described the birth of the Universe in an explosion and the crystallisation of matter to form stars and planets in a set of nested spheres around Earth. "De Luce" is the first attempt to describe the heavens and Earth using a single set of physical laws. The 'Ordered Universe' collaboration of scientists and historians at Durham University studying medieval science regard him as a key figure in showing that pre-Renaissance science was far more advanced than previously thought.

paragraph: Section::::Veneration.

paragraph: Upon his death, he was almost universally revered as a saint in England, with miracles reported at his shrine and pilgrims to it granted an indulgence by the bishop of Lincoln. Attempts by the Lincoln bishops, the University of Oxford, and Edward I to secure a formal canonisation, however, failed. In most of the modern Anglican Communion, Grosseteste is considered beatified and commemorated on 9 October. However, the Episcopal Church (USA) commemorates him with St. Hugh of Lincoln on 17 November.

paragraph: Section::::Editions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Versio Caelestis Hierarchiae Pseudo-Dionysii Areopagitae cum scholiis ex Graeco sumptis necnon commentariis notulisque eiusdem Lincolniensis", ed. D. A. Lawell ("Corpus Christianorum. Continuatio Mediaevalis" 268), Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 2015 ()

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Opera" I. "Expositio in Epistolam sancti Pauli ad Galatas. Glossarum in sancti Pauli Epistolas fragmenta. Tabula", ed. J. McEvoy, L. Rizzerio, R.C. Dales, P.W. Rosemann ("Corpus Christianorum. Continuatio Mediaevalis" 130), Turnhout: Brepols Publishers, 1995 ()

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Greek Commentaries of the Nicomachean Ethics of Aristotle in the Latin Translation of Robert Grosseteste", ed. H Mercken ("Corpus Latinum Commentariorum in Aristotelem Graecorum" VI), Leiden: Brill, 1973–1991

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On Light", ed. C Riedl, (Milwaukee, WI, 1942)

paragraph: Section::::Works in translation.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mystical theology: The Glosses by Thomas Gallus and the Commentary of Robert Grosseteste on "De mystica theologia" ", ed. J McEvoy, (Paris: Peeters, 2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On the Six Days of Creation", tr. CFJ Martin, (Oxford, 1996)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brazen head

paragraph: BULLET::::- Greyfriars, Oxford

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of science in the Middle Ages

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of the scientific method

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of bishops of Lincoln and precursor offices

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Roman Catholic scientist-clerics

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oxford Franciscan school

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Baur L. (ed.) "Die Philosophischen Werke des Robert Grosseteste, Bischofs von Lincoln" in Baeumker's "Beitradge zer Geschichte der Philosophie des Mittelalters" series, vol. IX (Munster i. W.: Aschendorff, 1912).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Crombie, A. C. "Robert Grosseteste and the Origins of Experimental Science". Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1971, . (1953).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ginther, James R. "Master of the Sacred Page: A Study of the Theology of Robert Grosseteste (ca. 1229/30-1235)". Aldershot: Ashgate Publishers, 2004. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Goering, J. W. & Mackie, E. A. (eds.), "Editing Robert Grosseteste", Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2003.

paragraph: BULLET::::- McEvoy, James. "The Philosophy of Robert Grosseteste". Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1992. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- McEvoy, James. "Robert Grosseteste". Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Southern, R. W. "Robert Grosseteste: The Growth of an English Mind in Medieval Europe". Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1986. (Oxford University Press, USA; 2 edition (1 February 1992) pbk)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Electronic Grosseteste

paragraph: BULLET::::- International Robert Grosseteste Society

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ordered Universe Project

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Robert Grosseteste". In "Encyclopædia Britannica" Online.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Clare Riedl's 1942 translation of "On Light"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Medieval bishop's theory resembles modern concept of multiple universes (24 April 2014 by Tom Mcleish, Giles Gasper And Hannah Smithson, The Conversation)

paragraph: BULLET::::- British History Online Archdeacons of Leicester accessed on 28 October 2007.

paragraph: BULLET::::- British History Online Bishops of Lincoln accessed on 28 October 2007.

alias:
Robert Greathead
Bishop Grosthead
Robert Grosstte<!--sic-->
Robert de Lincoln
Robert Grossestus
Robert Grotest
Robert Grosthead<!--sic-->
Robert Grostte
Robert Grostete
Robert Grostest
Robert Grosstete
Robert Grosstête
Robert of Lincoln
Rupert of Lincoln
Robert Capito
Robert Grossatesta
Robert Groshead
Robert Grossoteste
Robert Grouthead<!--sic-->
Robert Grossa
Robert Grosse-Tête
Robert Grosthed
Robert Grotshead<!--sic-->
Lincolniensis Robertus
Grossatesta Robertus
Robert Grosthead
Roberto Grossatesta
Robertus Grosseteste
Grosseteste Robert
Robertus Grossetestus
Lincolniensis Rubertus
Robertus Grossatesta
Robertus, Bp. of Lincoln Grosseteste
Grosseteste Roberto
Robert Grosse-Tete

description: English bishop and philosopher

enwikiquote_title: Robert Grosseteste

wikidata_label: Robert Grosseteste

wikipedia_title: Robert Grosseteste


text: Gupta emperor

text: Kumaragupta II

text: Purugupta

text: Narasimhagupta

text: Kannauj

text: Hunas

text: Pundravardhana bhukti

text: North Bengal

text: Eran stone pillar

text: Yamuna

text: Narmada

text: Kâlindi

text: Narmadâ

text: T.S. Burt

text: Mathura

categories: 5th-century Indian monarchs,490s deaths,Gupta Empire

paragraph: Budhagupta

paragraph: Budhagupta () was a Gupta emperor and the successor of Kumaragupta II. He was the son of Purugupta and was succeeded by Narasimhagupta. Budhagupta had close ties with the rulers of Kannauj and together they sought to run the Hunas out of the fertile plains of Northern India.

paragraph: Section::::Inscriptions.

paragraph: The Damodarpur copper-plate inscription informs us that Pundravardhana bhukti (the present-day North Bengal) was ruled by his two viceroys ("Uparika Mahararaja") Brahmadatta and Jayadatta.

paragraph: The Eran stone pillar inscription of two brothers, Matrivishnu and Dhanyavishnu mentions Budhagupta as their emperor ("Bhupati"), under whom "Maharaja" Surashmichandra was governing the land between the Yamuna and the Narmada The Budhagupta inscription on the Eran column is on the west face towards the bottom of the lower and square part of a large monolithic red-sandstone column situated near the ruined group of temples at Eran. The inscription refers to the reign of Budhagupta over the area "between the rivers Kâlindi and Narmadâ", and it is dated 484–485 CE. The object of it is to record the erection of the column, which is called 'dhvajastambha' or flag staff of the god Vishnu. This pillar is about 48 feet high. This inscription was discovered by T.S. Burt in 1838.

paragraph: The Buddha image inscription found at Mathura is dated to Budhagupta's reign. It shows that his authority extended to Mathura in the north.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eran Stone Pillar Inscription of Matrivishnu and Dhanyavishnu

description: Gupta emperor

wikidata_label: Budhagupta

wikipedia_title: Budhagupta


text: Canadian

text: goldsmith

text: flutist

text: Quebec

text: telephone receiver

text: handset

text: transmitter

text: permanent magnets

text: Montréal

text: Alexander Graham Bell

text: Boston

text: Canadian Telephone Company

text: Bell Canada

text: National Assembly of Quebec

text: Quebec City

text: black rod

text: National Assembly

text: municipal councilor

text: François Langelier

text: Simon-Napoléon Parent

categories: Canadian flautists,Musicians from Quebec City,1922 deaths,Canadian inventors,19th-century inventors,19th-century Canadian politicians,1841 births,19th-century Canadian musicians,History of telecommunications

paragraph: Cyrille Duquet

paragraph: Cyrille Duquet (31 March 1841—1 December 1922) was a Canadian goldsmith, flutist, and inventor in Quebec. Originally working in the field of clocks and watches, he was also a passionate jewelry collector.

paragraph: On 1 February 1878, he was granted a Canadian patent for a telephone receiver, that may have been used in early types of handsets. This patent was for a new transmitter based on a cluster of permanent magnets that improved signal clarity, and a new mouthpiece design. Later, Duquet worked on combining transmitter and receiver in one unit, arranged both on each end of a board. The first telephone installed in Montréal was one Duquet designed, and he followed with installing phones and phone lines in the area.

paragraph: At about the same time as Alexander Graham Bell, he developed a telephone connecting his home and shop. Bell's father, Melville Bell, responsible for the Canadian interests of Graham Bell, who had recently moved to Boston, offered Duquet to sell him the rights to the telephone on Canadian soil, for the sum of 20,000 dollars. Unable to raise this colossal sum, Duquet abandoned all interests to the Canadian Telephone Company in 1882.

paragraph: Fleetford Charles Sise, vice-president of the Canadian Telephone Company, gave notice because he believed Cyrille Duquet plagiarized Bell. Mr. Duquet was for $5000, but got away with damages of about $10; he sold his invention for the sum of $2,100 provided to waive any project in the world of telephony. However, it is left to him the undisputed paternity - and recognized - the handset in use worldwide. A photo of his phone is available in the collections of Libraries and Archives Canada and the original phone is currently stored at Bell Canada. An exact replica of the apparatus manufactured and marketed by Cyrille Duquet in 1878 was made by Bell Canada as a gift to Duquet's granddaughter.

paragraph: The main clock of the National Assembly of Quebec bear his signature. That of Saint-Jean-Baptiste library is also his creation. A government building, located on Boulevard Charest in Quebec City, was named in his honor, and Quebec Street bears his name. He fabricated in 1883 the black rod, symbol of authority, today preserved at the National Assembly in Québec city.

paragraph: Excellent flutist, Cyrille Duquet was a member of the Septet Haydn, virtuoso ensemble of Quebec, some of whom have joined the Société symphonique de Québec (now Quebec Symphony Orchestra) in 1903 .

paragraph: He was a municipal councilor in Quebec François Langelier and Simon-Napoléon Parent between 1883 and 1890 and from 1900 to 1908. He died in Quebec, on 1 December 1922 at the age of 81 years. He was buried in Notre-Dame-de-Belmont.

description: Canadian inventor, politician, goldsmith and flutist in Quebec city

wikidata_label: Cyrille Duquet

wikipedia_title: Cyrille Duquet


text:
sound effects
foley artist
The Walt Disney Company
Mickey Mouse
Russi Taylor
Minnie Mouse
Jimmy MacDonald
Mickey Mouse
Walt Disney
The Mickey Mouse Club
The New Mickey Mouse Club
Mickey's Christmas Carol
The Great Mouse Detective
Who Framed Roger Rabbit
The Prince and the Pauper
Mickey Mouse Works
Disney's House of Mouse
Mickey Mouse Clubhouse
Kingdom Hearts
Square Enix
Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days
Splash
Three Men and a Baby
Innerspace
Alien Nation
Russi Taylor
Minnie Mouse
Disney Legends
Mickey Mouse Clubhouse
Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days
diabetes
Bret Iwan
Kingdom Hearts HD 1.5 Remix
Kingdom Hearts HD 2.5 Remix

categories: 1947 births,Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Glendale),American male voice actors,2009 deaths,American male video game actors,Male actors from Glendale, California,Male actors from Los Angeles,Deaths from diabetes

paragraph: Wayne Allwine

paragraph: Wayne Anthony Allwine (February 7, 1947 – May 18, 2009) was an American voice actor, sound effects editor and foley artist for The Walt Disney Company. He is best remembered as the voice of Mickey Mouse for 32 years, narrowly the longest to date, and was married to voice actress Russi Taylor, who voiced Minnie Mouse from 1986 to 2019. He died on May 18, 2009, of complications caused by diabetes.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Allwine was born in Glendale, California, on February 7, 1947. In 1966, Allwine started work in the mailing room at the Disney studios, before working in the sound effects department under Jimmy MacDonald.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: After auditioning for the role, Allwine became the voice of Mickey Mouse from 1977 until his death in 2009. He succeeded MacDonald, who in 1947 had taken over from Walt Disney himself, who had performed the role since 1928 as well as supplying Mickey's voice for animated portions of the original "The Mickey Mouse Club" television show (ABC-TV, 1955–59).

paragraph: Allwine's first appearance as Mickey was voicing the animated lead-ins for "The New Mickey Mouse Club" in 1977. His first appearance as Mickey for a theatrical release was in the 1983 featurette "Mickey's Christmas Carol". In the same film, he voiced a Santa Claus on the street appealing for charity donations at the start of the movie, Moley (who appears with Ratty) "collecting for the poor", and one of the two weasel undertakers in the Christmas future scene.

paragraph: He also starred in films such as "The Great Mouse Detective" (1986), "Who Framed Roger Rabbit" (1988), "The Prince and the Pauper" (1990) and "" (2004), and the TV series "Mickey Mouse Works" (1999–2000), "Disney's House of Mouse" (2001–2003) and "Mickey Mouse Clubhouse" (2006–2009). He has provided Mickey's voice in the popular "Kingdom Hearts" series of video games prior to "", which was done in collaboration with Japanese video game company Square Enix. "Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days", which was the last game that used his voice (mainly with Mickey as a playable character in Mission Mode), would leave a message in his memory as the game was released in North America several months after his death.

paragraph: In addition to his voice work, Allwine had also been a sound effects editor on Disney films and TV shows including "Splash" (1984) and "Three Men and a Baby" (1987); as well as "Innerspace" (1987), "Alien Nation" (1988) and "" for other studios.

paragraph: He played rhythm guitar for the band Davie Allan & the Arrows, including on the 1967 single "Cycle-Delic".

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Allwine has four children from previous marriages, all three of which ended in divorce. In 1991, he married Russi Taylor, who voiced Minnie Mouse from 1986 until 2019, and they were named Disney Legends in 2008; they remained married until his death in 2009. His final performance was in the "Mickey Mouse Clubhouse" episode "Goofy Baby Sitter" and the English-language version of "Kingdom Hearts 358/2 Days", which are dedicated to his memory.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Allwine died of acute diabetes at age 62 on May 18, 2009, and Bret Iwan became the current voice of Mickey Mouse. In 2013, his voice was used in the English-language version of "Kingdom Hearts HD 1.5 Remix", and in 2014, his voice was again used in the English-language version of "Kingdom Hearts HD 2.5 Remix", due to the archive footage from his previous work in "Kingdom Hearts", "Kingdom Hearts Re:Chain of Memories" and "Kingdom Hearts II".

description: American voice actor

wikidata_label: Wayne Allwine

wikipedia_title: Wayne Allwine