text:
German
poet
novelist
Protestant
theologian
Petznick
Stargard
Western Pomerania
Rostock
Hermann Daniel Hermes
Theology
Königsberg
Brandenburg an der Havel
military chaplain
court chaplain
Anhalt
Pleß
Theology
Maria Magdalena Gymnasium (high school)
Breslau
Provost
Breslau
Administrative Superintendent
Empathy novels
Samuel Richardson
Johann Adam Hiller
Maria Theresia von Paradis
Joseph Martin Kraus
Franz Anton Hoffmeister
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Xenien
Couplet
Goethe
Schiller
Vienna
Josefstadt
J.T. Hermes Bibliophilenverband

categories: 18th-century German Protestant theologians,1821 deaths,19th-century German male writers,German male non-fiction writers,German-language writers,1738 births,19th-century German Protestant theologians,18th-century German writers

paragraph: Johann Timotheus Hermes

paragraph: Johann Timotheus Hermes (31 May 1738 – 24 July 1821) was a German poet, novelist and Protestant theologian.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Provenance.

paragraph: Johann Timotheus Hermes was born in Petznick, a small village near Stargard in Western Pomerania. His father was a Protestant pastor. His mother, Lukrezia, was the daughter of another Protestant pastor, Heinrich Becker from Rostock.

paragraph: He had an elder brother, Hermann Daniel Hermes (1734–1807), who would attain a certain level of notability as a theologian.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Professional employment.

paragraph: He studied Theology at Königsberg and then became a teacher at the at Brandenburg an der Havel. There followed a succession of ecclesiastical posts, as he became a military chaplain, a court chaplain in Anhalt and then a pastor in Pleß. In 1771 Hermes became a professor of Theology at the Maria Magdalena Gymnasium (high school) in Breslau, and four years later appointed a Provost in Breslau's new town district. Subsequently he became a pastor at the cathedral church. In 1808 he became Administrative Superintendent with responsibility for the churches and schools in the Breslau Princedom.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:The writer.

paragraph: Hermes has become known, above all, for his novels "Geschichte der Miss Fanny Wilkes" (""The Story of Miss Fanny Wilkes"" 1766) and "Sophiens Reise von Memel nach Sachsen" (""Sophie's Journey from Memel to Saxony"" 1769-1773 in five volumes) which were very successful at the time, and translated into several languages. The second of these became one of the most read novel in German during the eighteenth century. The author gained the popular soubriquet "Sophien-Hermes" from it: its continuing importance two centuries later is based on its real-life descriptions concerning the cultural history of its time. The book also adumbrates aspects of the psychological novels which would flourish in the nineteenth century. "Sophie's Journey" is nevertheless characteristic of its own epoch. It is one of the most important Empathy novels: Hermes consciously imported the style of his exemplar Samuel Richardson, whose own novels had been translated into German a few years earlier.

paragraph: Although Hermes wrote several more novels, he never came close to repeating the commercial success of his first two. In 1779 he published in a stand-alone volume the poems from "Sophie's Journey", presented as songs and arias, with music by Johann Adam Hiller. Other composers who set poems by Johann Timotheus Hermes to music were Maria Theresia von Paradis, Joseph Martin Kraus, Franz Anton Hoffmeister and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.

paragraph: Despite his success or because of it, Hermes was the butt of much ridicule from the "literary greats" among his contemporaries. He was ridiculed in Xenien, a collection of Couplets published jointly by Goethe and Schiller.

paragraph: In 1888 the Johann Timotheus Hermes Bibliophilenverband Vienna-Josefstadt (J.T. Hermes Bibliophilenverband) was founded.

description: German theologian, novelist and poet

wikidata_label: Johann Timotheus Hermes

wikipedia_title: Johann Timotheus Hermes


text:
ulama
Padri War
Shari'a
Plateau of Padang
Tuanku Nan Tuo
Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab
Mecca
jihad
Minangkabau society
Sunnah
adat
penghulu
nagaris

categories: Indonesian Muslims,1780 births,Minangkabau people,Indonesian imams,Padris

paragraph: Tuanku Nan Renceh

paragraph: Tuanku Nan Renceh was an Islamic cleric (ulama), leader and commanding figure who held in Indonesia as a fighter against the Dutch colonialism in the battle known as the Padri War from 1803-1838. Not much is known about this figure, other than his charismatic status. He is also known for his commitment to upholding the Shari'a. From the Dutch record, he was considered an antagonist figure, who was responsible for the violence in the Plateau of Padang.

paragraph: The real name of Tuanku Nan Renceh was Abdullah. He was born in Nagari Kamang in 1780 and died during the Padri War. He was a disciple of the prominent ulama of his time, Tuanku Nan Tuo. After receiving Tuo's teaching, he became a "padri", a group of people who advocated for the puritanical approach in Islam inspired by Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. He later became the teacher who gave birth to many padri warfighters.

paragraph: The arrival of three pilgrims from Mecca in 1803 inspired Tuanku Nan Renceh. He then began to initiate jihad against all the perceived heresy practiced in Minangkabau society by promoting and the propagation of the Sunnah. His reformist vision on the societal custom including the matriarchal "adat" (local customary) system was challenged by the "penghulus" (headman of the traditional Minangkabau society) in some "nagaris" (traditional settlement), who insisted on fighting for the Minangkabau hereditary tradition, thus giving birth to the branch of padris with the conflicting approach toward the Islamic reform.

wikidata_label: Tuanku Nan Renceh

wikipedia_title: Tuanku Nan Renceh


text: Sitting Bull

text: Sun Dance

text: orator

text: Sitting Bull Family Foundation

text: Sitting Bull's Voice

text: Rapid City, South Dakota

text: Pine Ridge Indian Reservation

text: Sitting Bull's Voice

text: Sitting Bull Family Foundation

text: National Museum of Natural History

text: Smithsonian Institution

text: Sitting Bull

text: Sitting Bull Family Foundation

text: Sitting Bull's Voice

categories: Lakota people,Native American writers,1948 births,Native American activists,Living people

paragraph: Ernie Lapointe

paragraph: Ernie LaPointe (born 1948) is the great-grandson of Hunkpapa Lakota chief, Sitting Bull (Tatanka Iyotake). He is a Sun Dancer, Native American author, orator, and president and founder of the Sitting Bull Family Foundation (SBFF). The documentary "Sitting Bull's Voice" recounts LaPointe's journey from childhood through struggles overcoming alcohol and marijuana use related to PTSD while homeless, the embracement of his culture and the spiritual ways

paragraph: of his ancestors, to his quest to become an authoritative voice for his great-grandfather. LaPointe lives the traditional way of the Lakota, following the rules of the sacred pipe. He resides in Rapid City, South Dakota with his wife Sonja.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: LaPointe was born on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota. He is the son of Claude LaPointe and Angeline Spotted Horse LaPointe. LaPointe grew up in Rapid City, SD, where he attended public school. His mother was a housewife and his father worked in a lumber yard in Rapid City. At the age of ten Ernie lost his mother to cancer and at seventeen his father died of a heart attack.

paragraph: Section::::Military service.

paragraph: At eighteen, LaPointe joined the Army and was stationed in Korea, Turkey, Germany, and various locations around the United States. He did one tour in Vietnam in 1970-1971 and received an honorable discharge in 1972.

paragraph: Section::::Writing.

paragraph: While growing up LaPointe's mother told him not to tell others about his relationship to Sitting Bull. Before his mother's death Lapointe was told that a day might come when it will be important for him to set the record straight about his great-grandfather, Sitting Bull. In 1992, Ernie spoke publicly about Sitting Bull's direct blood descendants by speaking at the induction of Sitting Bull into the Hall of Fame of American Indian Chiefs at Anadarko, Oklahoma. LaPointe then began writing a book "Sitting Bull: His Life and Legacy" and speaking to audiences throughout the country and abroad about his great-grandfather.

paragraph: Section::::Film.

paragraph: In 2012 LaPointe began work on a documentary film project, "Sitting Bull's Voice" with director Bill Matson. The film recounts the Sitting Bull family oral history and follows LaPointe's journey from childhood to becoming the voice for his great-grandfather. The film has been shown at 10 film festivals around the country, winning four awards and two Best Film awards. In January 2013 the San Pedro International Film Festival in San Pedro, California honored it with the Best Documentary Award; in 2014 the film received the Best Native American Feature Award from the Indie Spirit Film festival in Colorado Springs, Colorado; and at the last festival in January, 2015 the film received the 2015 Best Picture-Documentary-Feature Honorable Mention Award (Second Place) at the Flathead Lake International Film Festival.

paragraph: Section::::Sitting Bull Family Foundation.

paragraph: The Sitting Bull Family Foundation (SBFF) is a nonprofit corporation founded by LaPointe and according to the organization's website, its mission is to offer the accurate oral history of Sitting Bull through storytelling, by sharing his exemplary cultural and spiritual way of life, and to awaken cultural awareness in the traditional Lakota way of life. The website provides evidence of LaPointe's connection to Sitting Bull along with his being descended from a long line of chiefs on both his mother's and father's sides of the family. His grandfather, Spotted Horse, was the son of Hunts Enemy and the grandson of Chief Charging Bear. His great-grandmother's (Tokala Win LaPointe) brother was Chief Painted Horse.

paragraph: Section::::Public speaking.

paragraph: LaPointe and his wife spend much of their time traveling throughout the United States and abroad speaking at universities, museums, and film festivals about the history of Sitting Bull as well as the cultural heritage of the Lakota people. In 2010, LaPointe was invited to be a keynote speaker at the University of Notre Dame graduation ceremony.

paragraph: Section::::Repatriation and reinterment.

paragraph: A lock of hair and leggings attributed to Sitting Bull were in the collection of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. On December 5, 2007, LaPointe went to the National Museum of Natural History for the repatriation of both items. A ceremony with regard to Sitting Bull's hair followed at LaPointe's South Dakota residence. A small portion of hair was also given to a DNA specialist in Europe to enable those who believe they might be related to Sitting Bull to have a DNA test done.

paragraph: LaPointe, along with his sisters Marlene Little Spotted Horse Andersen, Ethel Little Spotted

paragraph: Horse Bates, and Lydia Little Spotted Horse Red Paint, have been petitioning the government for the reinterment of their ancestor's remains from a grave in South Dakota to the site of Sitting Bull's greatest vision: the Battle of Little Big Horn.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: LaPointe met his wife Sonja at a Pow-Wow in Rapid City, SD. LaPointe lives the traditional way of the Lakota following the rules of the sacred pipe.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sitting Bull

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sitting Bull Family Foundation

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sitting Bull's Voice

paragraph: BULLET::::- National Hall of Fame for Famous American Indians

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- LaPointe, Ernie. "Sitting Bull: His Life and Legacy". Gibbs Smith. 2009.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Authorized Biography of Sitting Bull by His Great Grandson" . Prod. Bill Matson. Perf. Ernie LaPointe. 2011.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sitting Bull's Voice" . Prod. by Ernie LaPointe, Bill Matson, and Tim Prokop Perf. Ernie LaPointe. 2014.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- LaPointe, E. (January 1, 2010). Interview: Ernie LaPointe. Honoring his ancestor by studying his DNA. Interview by John Travis. Science, 330, 6001.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- LaPointe, E., Northwest Art Center (Minot, N.D.), & Minot State University. (2013). The Sitting Bull connection.

wikidata_label: Ernie Lapointe

wikipedia_title: Ernie Lapointe


text: D.C.

text: Marian visionary

text: Blessed Virgin Mary

text: Miraculous Medal of Our Lady of Graces

text: Burgundy region

text: baptismal name

text: Saint Zoe

text: feast day

text: Virgin Mary

text: Saint-Rémy

text: Vincent de Paul

text: novena

text: Sacred Heart of Jesus

text: Immaculate Heart of Mary

text: Adrien Vachette

text: Immaculate Conception

text: incorrupt

text: Pope Pius XI

text: Pope Pius XII

text: November 28

text: Congregation of the Mission

text: Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Paris

text: Martyrologium Romanum

text: Miraculous Medal

text: Green Scapular

categories: Incorrupt saints,19th-century Christian saints,Marian visionaries,1806 births,Vincentian saints,French Roman Catholic saints,Catholic Mariology,People from Côte-d'Or,1876 deaths,Daughters and Sisters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul

paragraph: Catherine Labouré

paragraph: Saint Catherine Labouré, D.C.. (May 2, 1806 – December 31, 1876) was a French member of the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul and is a Marian visionary. She is believed to have relayed the request from the Blessed Virgin Mary to create the famous Miraculous Medal of Our Lady of Graces worn by millions of people around the world.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Labouré was born on May 2, 1806, in the Burgundy region of France to Pierre Labouré, a farmer, and Madeleine Louise Gontard, the 9th of 11 living children. Her baptismal name was Zoe, after Saint Zoe, whose feast day falls on her birthday, but her family rarely used that. Labouré's mother died on October 9, 1815, when Labouré was nine years old. It is said that after her mother's funeral, Labouré picked up a statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary and kissed it saying, "Now you will be my mother." Her father's sister offered to care for her and her sister Marie Antoinette (Tonine). After he agreed, the sisters moved to their aunt's house at Saint-Rémy, a village from their home.

paragraph: Labouré was observed to be extremely devout, of a somewhat romantic nature, given to visions and intuitive insights. As a young woman, she became a member of the nursing order founded by Saint Vincent de Paul, the Daughters of Charity; she chose this order after a dream about him.

paragraph: Section::::Visions.

paragraph: Section::::Visions.:Saint Vincent de Paul.

paragraph: In April 1830, the remains of St. Vincent de Paul were translated to the Vincentian church in Paris. The solemnities included a novena. On three successive evenings, upon returning from the church to the Rue du Bac, a church, Catherine reportedly experienced in the convent chapel, a vision of what she took to be the heart of St. Vincent above a shrine containing a relic of bone from his right arm. Each time the heart appeared a different color: white, red, and crimson. She interpreted this to mean that the Vincentian communities would prosper, and that there would be a change of government. The convent chaplain advised her to forget the matter.

paragraph: Section::::Visions.:Blessed Virgin Mary.

paragraph: Labouré stated that on July 19, 1830, the eve of the feast of St. Vincent de Paul, she woke up after hearing the voice of a child calling her to the chapel, where she heard the Virgin Mary say to her, "God wishes to charge you with a mission. You will be contradicted, but do not fear; you will have the grace to do what is necessary. Tell your spiritual director all that passes within you. Times are evil in France and in the world." Labouré keep walking thinking about what she just heard.

paragraph: On November 27, 1830, Labouré reported that the Blessed Mother returned to her during evening meditations. She displayed herself inside an oval frame, standing upon a globe, rays of light came out of her hands in the direction of a globe. Around the margin of the frame appeared the words "O Mary, conceived without sin, pray for us who have recourse to thee." As Labouré watched, the frame seemed to rotate, showing a circle of twelve stars, a large letter "M" surmounted by a cross, and the stylized Sacred Heart of Jesus and Immaculate Heart of Mary underneath. Asked why some of the rays of light did not reach the Earth, Mary reportedly replied "Those are the graces for which people forget to ask." Labouré then heard Mary ask her to take these images to her father confessor, telling him that they should be put on medallions. "All who wear them will receive great graces."

paragraph: Labouré did so, and after two years of investigation and observation of her normal daily behavior, the priest took the information to his archbishop without revealing her identity. The request was approved and the design of the medallions was commissioned through French goldsmith Adrien Vachette. They proved to be exceedingly popular. The dogma of the Immaculate Conception had not yet been officially promulgated, but the medal with its "conceived without sin" slogan was influential in popular approval of the idea.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Labouré spent the next forty years caring for the aged and infirm. For this, she is called the patroness of seniors. She died on December 31, 1876, at the age of seventy. Her body is encased in glass beneath the side altar in the Chapel of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal at 140 Rue du Bac, Paris.

paragraph: Her cause for sainthood was declared upon discovering her body was incorrupt. She was beatified on May 28, 1933 by Pope Pius XI and canonized on July 27, 1947 by Pope Pius XII.

paragraph: Labouré's feast day is observed on November 28 according to the liturgical calendar of the Congregation of the Mission, the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul and the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Paris. She is listed in the Martyrologium Romanum for December 31.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chapel of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alliance of the Hearts of Jesus and Mary

paragraph: BULLET::::- Miraculous Medal

paragraph: BULLET::::- Green Scapular

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Saint Catherine Labouré of the Miraculous Medal", by Joseph I Dirvin, CM, TAN Books and Publishers, Inc, 1958/84.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Saint Catherine Labouré and the Miraculous Medal", Alma Power-Waters, Ignatius Press, San Francisco, 1962.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- (full text of official biography)

description: French Daughter of Charity and saint

wikidata_label: Catherine Labouré

wikipedia_title: Catherine Labouré


text:
Blessed
Colombian
Roman Catholic
Bishop of Arauca
E.L.N.
Servant of God
Pope Francis
Villavicencio
Colombia
novitiate
ordained
priesthood
Mass
Sabanalarga
spiritual director
Sacred Scripture
Hebrew
Pope Paul VI
episcopal consecration
Pope John Paul II
Bishop of Arauca
Venezuelan
Archbishop of Bogotá
Mario Revollo Bravo
RCN Radio
Colombian Episcopal Conference
Virgilio Barco Vargas
Great Jubilee
Congregation for the Causes of Saints
nihil obstat
Servant of God
Rome
Positio
Pope Francis
Villavicencio
postulator
Redemptorist
Hagiography Circle
Catholic Hierarchy
Jesús Emilio Jaramillo

categories: 20th-century Roman Catholics,Colombian people taken hostage,Colombian beatified people,20th-century Roman Catholic martyrs,Colombian Roman Catholic bishops,20th-century Colombian people,20th-century Roman Catholic bishops,Assassinated Colombian people,Colombian torture victims,1916 births,20th-century venerated Christians,People from Antioquia Department,Beatifications by Pope Francis,1989 deaths

paragraph: Jesús Emilio Jaramillo Monsalve

paragraph: Blessed Jesús Emilio Jaramillo Monsalve (16 February 1916 – 2 October 1989) was a Colombian Roman Catholic prelate who was a professed member of the Xaverian Missionaries of Yarumal and served as the Bishop of Arauca from 1984 until his assassination. Jaramillo was a staunch opponent of the E.L.N. and spoke out against their atrocities in the midst of conflict and a drug war. But this led to him being marked for death and he was killed not long after being kidnapped and tortured.

paragraph: Jaramillo's cause for beatification opened in 2000. He was titled as a Servant of God and his beatification was dependent on whether or not the cause could prove if Jaramillo was killed "in odium fidei" (in hatred of the faith). Pope Francis confirmed his beatification in mid-2017 and the pope himself beatified Jaramillo during the papal visit to Colombia on 8 September 2017 in Villavicencio.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Jesús Emilio Jaramillo Monsalve was born in 1916 in Colombia.

paragraph: He commenced his ecclesial studies in February 1929 and made his first vows into the Xaverian Missionaries of Yaramul on 3 December 1936. His period of novitiate spanned from 1935 to 1936. Jaramillo became a member of the Xaverian Missionaries of Yaramul on 3 December 1944 after he had been ordained to the priesthood on the morning of 1 September 1940; his perpetual profession came later in February 1946. Jaramillo celebrated his first Mass on 8 September in his hometown. His first assignment after ordination was to serve as a pastor at Sabanalarga while he completed his theological studies in Bogotá from 1942 to 1944 when he received his doctorate. It was also at this time that he served as a chaplain and adviser at a female prison. In 1945 he was made the spiritual director of seminarians and a couple of months later was made the novice master. In 1945 he was made a professor of dogmatics and Sacred Scripture and he also taught Hebrew and Greek. From 1951 to 1959 he served as the rector of seminarians and from 1959 to 1966 served as the order's Superior-General.

paragraph: Pope Paul VI – on 11 November 1970 – appointed him as the Vicar Apostolic of Arauca and as the Titular Bishop of Strumnitza which led to him receiving his episcopal consecration in 1971 from Angelo Palmas. He was enthroned in his vicariate two weeks later. The apostolic vicariate was later dissolved in mid-1984 and Pope John Paul II made him the new Bishop of Arauca which he formed from the vicariate. His formal enthronement was celebrated before the apostolic nuncio Angelo Acerbi on 21 September 1984. The bishop championed the rights of the poor and unrepresented and espoused the view that all had the right to a voice. He also was known for being a shepherd who cared about the spiritual needs of his flock and who fought against social injustice.

paragraph: On 30 September 1989 he met with archdiocesan officials in the afternoon for the coordination of new content for the next edition of the diocesan newsletter. On 1 October at 7:00am he went to a local parish in another town and arrived there at 9:00am before celebrating a Mass at around 11:00am for baptisms that had been planned. He had lunch following this and went to rest.

paragraph: Jaramillo's death came on 2 October 1989 at around 7:00pm after the E.L.N. leftist rebels kidnapped and tortured him before killing him though his priest companion Jose Munoz Pareja was released prior to his murder unharmed. His constant criticisms of the rebels' actions led them to decide on killing him as well as the fact that Jaramillo's mediation efforts were unacceptable to them since it was believed a Church-State deal would exclude them. The pair were kidnapped while making several parish visits on 2 October at around 3:30pm after three armed men intercepted their vehicle. His companion was released unharmed not long after their kidnapping at 6:30pm after the men stopped the car and forced Pareja to leave. Pareja did not wish to leave his bishop but Jaramillo asked him to do so out of obedience.

paragraph: Jaramillo was shot twice in the head with an assault rifle with his hands tied behind his back. His remains were discovered on the morning of 3 October in a rural area near the Venezuelan border as peasants discovered him. The Cardinal Archbishop of Bogotá Mario Revollo Bravo told RCN Radio that there was "no explanation" for the killing that "caused profound pain".

paragraph: John Paul II sent an official telegram of condolence on 4 October expressing his "profound sorrow" over the assassination which he deemed to be the product of "unjustifiable violence". The Colombian Episcopal Conference referred to the assassination as "vile, sacrilegious and pitiless". His funeral was celebrated on 5 October.

paragraph: However, according to recent claims by the ELN leadership in an article "Una autocrítica por la muerte del Obispo Jaramillo" (a self criticism for the death of Bishop Jaramillo), the reasons for ordering his assassination included: 1. Allegations of his direct involvement in widespread corruption and mismanagement of social funds (Pascol), obtained by ELN through a revolutionary tax on the oil pipeline construction company, and subsequently managed by Bishop Jaramillo and 2. His overt support for a paramilitary group in Caño Jesús de Arauca, known as "Grupo Cívico Armado de Arauca" (Cruciagar) which has been held responsible for numerous decapitations, acid attacks and murders of local villagers, peasants, farmers and community activists, which the Bishop hypocritically failed to condemn.

paragraph: In 2008 the Colombian government apprehended Carlos Marin Guarin who had ordered the bishop's killing due to Jaramillo's vocal opposition to the E.L.N. and its aims and his overt support for a local paramilitary group responsible for several murders, decapitations and acid attacks on local peasants, farmers, trade unionists and community activists. . The E.L.N. later admitted after Jaramillo's death that he had been kidnapped so as to use him as a message-bearer to President Virgilio Barco Vargas to hear their demands.

paragraph: John Paul II – during the Great Jubilee in 2000 – celebrated an ecumenical service dedicated to the witnesses of faith who had been killed in hatred of their faith. Jaramillo was one prominent name mentioned during the service.

paragraph: Section::::Beatification.

paragraph: The beatification process commenced under John Paul II on 7 July 2000 after the Congregation for the Causes of Saints issued the official "nihil obstat" (nothing against) to the cause and titled Jaramillo as a Servant of God. The diocesan phase of investigation opened not long after in Arauca and concluded its business on 29 June 2006 before all documentation was sent to the C.C.S. in Rome in boxes where the latter validated the process. The postulation sent the Positio dossier to the C.C.S. officials in 2015 for investigation though the cause almost came to a halt since it was uncertain whether Jaramillo was killed for religious or political reasons. But the cause managed to continue with theologians approving the dossier on 11 May 2017 and the C.C.S. following suit on 4 July 2017.

paragraph: Pope Francis approved the cause on 7 July 2017 and thus approved the late bishop's beatification. Francis himself presided over the beatification during his papal visit to Colombia at an open-air Mass on 8 September 2017 at Catama Field in Villavicencio. Jaramillo's remains were exhumed for canonical inspection on 24 August 2017.

paragraph: The current postulator for this cause is the Redemptorist priest Antonio Marrazzo.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hagiography Circle

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Hierarchy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jesús Emilio Jaramillo

wikidata_label: Jesús Emilio Jaramillo Monsalve

wikipedia_title: Jesús Emilio Jaramillo Monsalve


text:
Taipei
National Chung Cheng University
second season
One Million Star
K.O.3an Guo
KO One Return

categories: 21st-century Taiwanese actresses,Taiwanese Mandopop singers,1984 births,Taiwanese television actresses,21st-century Taiwanese singers,21st-century women singers,Taiwanese female singers,Taiwanese television presenters,National Chung Cheng University alumni,Actresses from Taipei,Living people

paragraph: Pets Tseng

paragraph: Pets Tseng (; born 21 October 1984) is a Taiwanese actress, singer and television host.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Born in Taipei, Tseng graduated from National Chung Cheng University with a degree in Business Administration. She competed on the second season of singing competition program "One Million Star" in which she placed sixth. She made her television debut in "K.O.3an Guo" (2009) and in 2012 she starred in drama series "KO One Return". In 2014, she signed a recording deal with Linfair Records, and released her debut album, "I'm Pets", in the same year. Her second album, "I Love You, Period!", was released on July 2, 2017. In 2018, she signed a recording deal with Asia Muse Entertainment.

alias:
Tseng Pei-tzu
Tseng Pei-tsz

description: Taiwanese actress and singer

wikidata_label: Pets Tseng

wikipedia_title: Pets Tseng


text:
British
James Bannister
Stamford
Astley's Amphitheatre
Astley
Charles Dibdin

categories: 1787 births,Tightrope walkers,Horse trainers

paragraph: S Bannister

paragraph: S Bannister (born 1787) was an early British equestrian performer and tightrope walker.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Bannister was born in 1787. She was the daughter of James Bannister and she had a sister named Mary. Her father was one of the first people to take a circus on tour in Britain. When his equestrian show arrived in Stamford in 1804 she was with him. She and the circus toured in Scotland and Northern England until her father went bankrupt (he later died in 1836).

paragraph: Her riding and tightrope skills however were said to create "much celebrity" and she went to work at Britain's first circus, Astley's Amphitheatre. When Astley died in 1821 she was the head horserider and she stayed and worked for the new manager, William Davis, and then for Charles Dibdin. She disappears from the records after marrying Edward Wilson. Although another source says that she married not Wilson but Clough and she appeared as Mrs Clough.

description: British equestrian performer and tightrope dancer

wikidata_label: S Bannister

wikipedia_title: S Bannister


text:
Delfzijl
Dim Mak Records
Mad Decent
Interscope Records
David Guetta
Afrojack
Wiwek
Mightyfools
Kayzo
San Holo
Tomorrowland
Dance Valley
De Wereld Draait Door
Laidback Luke
Delfzijl
Yellow Claw
Diplo
Las Vegas
Nevada
BBC1Xtra
DJ Sliink
Dance Valley
Major Lazer
Peace is the Mission
Travi$ Scott
Pusha T
2 Chainz
Mad Cobra
Ultra Music Festival
Mysteryland
Parookaville
2U
David Guetta
Giorgio Tuinfort
Justin Bieber
Trey Songz
Na Na
Wiwek
Selena Gomez
A$AP Rocky
Good for You
Yellow Claw
San Holo
Modestep
Yellow Claw
DJ Snake
Yellow Claw
Major Lazer
Yellow Claw
Laidback Luke
GTA
Martin Garrix
Khalid
Ocean

categories: Dutch DJs,People from Delfzijl,Dutch musicians,Living people,Year of birth missing (living people)

paragraph: Cesqeaux

paragraph: Daniel Francesco Tuparia (born in Delfzijl, Netherlands), better known by his stage name Cesqeaux ( ), is a Dutch producer and DJ.

paragraph: Cesqeaux has released original tracks, but has been featured in tracks on Dim Mak Records, Mixmash Records, Max Records, Mad Decent, Interscope Records, and more.

paragraph: He has collaborated with other DJs including; David Guetta, Afrojack, Mike Cervello, Wiwek, LNY TNZ, Mightyfools, Kayzo, San Holo and more.

paragraph: Cesqeaux has performed at music festivals such as Tomorrowland Brazil, Tomorrowland Belgium, and Dance Valley, and has been featured on the biggest talk show in the Netherlands, De Wereld Draait Door (also known as DWDD.)

paragraph: DJ Laidback Luke stated about Cesqeaux that "He has showmanship, he has passion, he has looks, he has the voice—he's going to be big."

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life.

paragraph: Tuparia was born in Delfzijl, Netherlands. His father was a guitarist, and his mother was a music enthusiast, so he was exposed to music from a very young age. He began playing the drums at age 7.

paragraph: Tuparia attended the Academy for Pop Culture in Holland to study for his bachelor's degree. During this time, he attended a Yellow Claw concert and met with the DJs after the show, where he was asked to send them some of his music.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Music career.

paragraph: In 2012, Cesqeaux began collaborating with Yellow Claw. Additionally, he performed a supporting act for Diplo in Las Vegas, Nevada. He received airtime on BBC1Xtra and his remix of Putchabackinit by DJ Sliink was featured on 22tracks.

paragraph: In 2013, Cesqeaux performed in the Dance Valley and Fusion of Dance music festivals.

paragraph: His remix of The Dopest by Moksi was listed the 8th best trap song of 2015 by runthetrap.

paragraph: In 2016, Major Lazer released its official Peace is the Mission Remixes album, featuring a remix by Cesqeaux of Night Riders (featuring Travi$ Scott, Pusha T, 2 Chainz and Mad Cobra.) His music was also featured in sets at the Ultra Music Festival in Miami. Additionally, he performed at Tomorrowland Brazil, Tomorrowland Belgium, Mysteryland and Parookaville music festivals.

paragraph: In June 2017 he co-produced "2U" in collaboration with David Guetta, Giorgio Tuinfort and Justin Bieber.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Remixes.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gianni Marino and Jurab – Wayaki (Cesqeaux Remix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Trey Songz – Na Na (Cesqeaux Remix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mike Cervello and Stoltenhoff – Guerilla (Cesqeaux Remix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Moksi – The Dopest (Cesqeaux Remix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gregor Salto and Wiwek – On Your Mark (Cesqeaux Remix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Selena Gomez and A$AP Rocky – Good for You (Yellow Claw and Cesqeaux Remix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2016

paragraph: BULLET::::- San Holo – Still Looking (Cesqeaux Remix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Trolley Snatcha and Modestep – Sing (Yellow Claw and Cesqeaux Remix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- DJ Snake and Yellow Claw – Ocho Sinco (Cesqeaux Remix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Major Lazer – Night Riders (Cesqeaux Remix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yellow Claw – Higher (Cesqeaux Remix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Laidback Luke, GTA and Aruna – The Chase (Mike Cervello and Cesqeaux Remix)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018

paragraph: BULLET::::- Martin Garrix featuring Khalid – "Ocean" (Martin Garrix and Cesqeaux Remix)

description: producer and DJ

wikidata_label: Cesqeaux

wikipedia_title: Cesqeaux


text:
ketchup
War of 1812
Athenaeum of Philadelphia
Ketchup
tomato sauce
Alexander Hunter
Maria Eliza Rundell
Fanny Kemble

categories: 1771 births,Physicians from Philadelphia,1846 deaths,American food scientists,American horticulturists

paragraph: James Mease

paragraph: James Mease (1771–1846) was a prominent American scientist, horticulturist, and physician from Philadelphia who published the first known tomato-based ketchup recipe in 1812.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Mease was born on August 11, 1771, the son of Philadelphians John and Esther (Miller) Mease. After receiving his bachelor's degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1787, he continued in medical school there, receiving his M.D. in 1792. Early in his medical career, Mease published several articles, and he served as a surgeon for nine months during the War of 1812.

paragraph: Section::::Publications and collected writings.

paragraph: Dr. Mease's published contributions to medical knowledge, however, were less significant than his contributions to several other fields. In addition to several medical works, Mease edited the well-received Domestic Encyclopedia (1803–04) and the two volume Archives of useful knowledge (1811–12), but he remains best known for this seminar 372-page volume, "The Picture of Philadelphia", and his 1807 Geological Account of the United States, which was among the earliest geological treatises by an American.

paragraph: A numismatist, Mease published "Description of Some of the Medals Struck in Relation to Important Events in North America" in the Collections of the New York Historical Society (vol. 3, 1821). Many of his papers were read before the American Philosophical Society, to which he was elected in 1802 and of which he was an officer, 1824-1836. He was a founder and first vice-president of the Athenaeum of Philadelphia.

paragraph: Mease's papers are today deposited in the Louise M. Darling Biomedical Library's History and Special Collections division at the University of California at Los Angeles. There is also a collection of his writings at the Duke University David M. Rubenstein Rare Book & Manuscript Library

paragraph: Section::::Ketchup innovation.

paragraph: Ketchup has been around the world for centuries, beginning in China. Mease's innovation was the addition of a tomato base, which has become the ubiquitous form of the condiment in the United States and Europe. His ketchup was probably was more in keeping with tomato sauce developed in England by Alexander Hunter and used by Maria Eliza Rundell in a cookbook that was published in Britain and America. He may have also been exposed to the sauce consumed by French Creole refugees from a war in Haiti. His recipe involved spices and brandy, no sugar or vinegar. He called tomatoes "Love Apples," the term used by the French.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: On July 3, 1800, Dr. Mease married Sarah Butler, the daughter of South Carolina Senator, Pierce Butler. They had two sons, both of whom changed their surnames as adults to Butler in order to secure an inheritance. One of the sons, Pierce Butler, married the renowned stage actress, Frances Anne Kemble. James Mease died in Philadelphia on May 14, 1846, and was buried in the cemetery of Third Presbyterian Church. He met Fanny Kemble in 1832, and they married in 1834.

wikidata_label: James Mease

wikipedia_title: James Mease


text:
New France
Ville-Marie
Ottawa River
Iroquois
Carillon, Quebec
Battle of Long Sault
Lumigny-Nesles-Ormeaux
François Dollier de Casson
Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve
Picoté de Belestre
Ottawa River
Carillon, Quebec
Ross Farm
Marie Guyart
François Dollier de Casson
Upper and Lower Canada
François-Xavier Garneau
Upper and Lower Canada
François-Xavier Garneau
ultramontanism
Étienne-Michel Faillon
Lionel Groulx
Gustave Lanctot
Francis Parkman
Alfred Laliberté
Parc Lafontaine
Place d'Armes
Louis-Philippe Hébert
Quiet Revolution
Victoria Day
Dollard-des-Ormeaux

categories: 1660 deaths,French emigrants to pre-Confederation Quebec,Military history of Canada,People of New France,1635 births,Dollard-des-Ormeaux,17th-century Roman Catholic martyrs,1660s in Canada,French military personnel killed in action

paragraph: Adam Dollard des Ormeaux

paragraph: Adam Dollard des Ormeaux (July 23, 1635 – May 21, 1660) is an iconic figure in the history of New France. Arriving in the colony in 1658, Dollard was appointed the position of garrison commander of the fort of Ville-Marie (now Montreal).

paragraph: In the spring of 1660, Dollard led an expedition up the Ottawa River to wage war on the Iroquois. Accompanied by seventeen Frenchmen, Dollard arrived at the foot of Long Sault (near present-day Carillon, Quebec) on May 1 and settled his troops at an abandoned Algonquin fort. He was then joined by forty Huron and four Algonquin allies. Vastly outnumbered by the Iroquois, Dollard and his companions died at the Battle of Long Sault somewhere between May 9 and May 12, 1660. The exact nature or purpose of Dollard's 1660 expedition is uncertain; however, most historians agree that Dollard set out to conduct a "petite guerre" (ambush) against the Iroquois, in order to delay (or avoid altogether) their imminent attack on Ville-Marie. For these reasons, Dollard is regarded as one of the saviors of New France.

paragraph: Section::::Dollard in New France.

paragraph: Dollard was born in Lumigny-Nesles-Ormeaux, France in 1635. At the age of 23, he settled in Montreal and took up a career in the military. Aside from some military experience, nothing is known of his activities prior to his arrival in Canada. In Ville-Marie, Dollard had attained a rather positive reputation. In "Histoire de Montréal", François Dollier de Casson portrays Dollard as "a youth of courage and of good family" and in the "Jesuit Relations", Dollard is described as a "man of accomplishment and generalship". Most importantly, Dollard had gained the trust of Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve, who authorized Dollard's expedition to Long Sault.

paragraph: There is little verifiable evidence regarding Dollard's reason for being in Canada, but it is possible he was contemplating life as a settler in the colony. Tellingly, by the end of 1659, Maisonneuve gave him a piece of land comprising 30 arpents (10 hectares). Upon Dollard's death, Pierre Picoté de Belestre inherited his land.

paragraph: Section::::Expedition west and the Battle of Long Sault.

paragraph: Against the advice of seasoned Aboriginal fighters, Dollard got the support of the governor of Montreal, Paul Chomedey de Maisonneuve, to organize an expedition west. The group comprised about 17 volunteers who had little or no experience in Aboriginal warfare. After a 10-day canoe trip up the Ottawa River, they set up camp not far from Carillon, Quebec, in a former stockade. They were soon surrounded by about 700 Iroquois and after a siege lasting several days, they were all killed or captured in what became known as the Battle of Long Sault. For reasons unknown, the Iroquois did not continue east to capture Ville-Marie. The events were witnessed by about 40 Huron allies who at times had joined the colonists in the stockade and at other times had harried the Iroquois from outside. According to some scholars, the battle so weakened the Iroquois they canceled their planned attack on Ville-Marie (Montreal) and returned home. For over a century Dollard des Ormeaux became a heroic figure in New France, and Quebec, as he exemplified selfless personal sacrifice, as well as martyrdom for the church, and for the colony. Agreements on the validity of this interpretation are debatable.

paragraph: The reason for Dollard and his companions for ambushing the Iroquois is up to debate. Tradition holds that Dollard anticipated an Iroquois attack on Ville-Marie (Montreal). In response, he amassed a small force of seventeen Frenchmen, four Algonquins, and about forty Hurons. They fought to the death and saved Ville-Marie from invasion. There are many scholars who claim his reasons were different. According to André Vachon, some historians claim that Dollard was in debt and thereby sought to steal the furs from the Iroquois who were returning from their winter's hunt. This theory is often criticized. One of such criticisms lies on the fact that Paul Chomedey de Maisonneuve approved of this expedition, which implied that the goals of the expedition were justified on more civil service or military grounds. The more likely reason relates to the reasons given by the traditional narrative. However, a more historical analysis of the context of late 17th century New France is better for establishing a more concrete cause for this mission.

paragraph: Many historians, such as John A. Dickinson, argue that not enough attention has been given to considerations of indigenous culture in this debate. The Iroquois and the Huron at this time were in conflict with one another. Prior to 1660, the Iroquois wiped out a great many Hurons leaving very few of them in the area of Ville-Marie. Moreover, indigenous warfare, among other things, involves codes of honor. Therefore, as some historians argue, the forty Huron who went up the Ottawa River to intercept the Iroquois did so to fight them because of issues involving honor. The reasons for the Iroquois not to attack Montreal can simply be that the Iroquois did not have any immediate conflict with the French.

paragraph: The location of the battle is a topic of intense controversy. Traditionally, the battle was fought along the Ottawa River near Carillon, Quebec. This location is based on nationalistic traditions on the part of Quebec historians. Supporters of this location also refer to the countless texts written after the event and for many years after which maintain this tradition. However, other scholars place the event on the northern side of the Ottawa River on the now Ross Farm in Ontario. The location being either in Ontario or Quebec has cultural implications. However, both sides of the debate agree that Dollard and his both French and Indigenous comrades would have taken the route following the Ottawa River since they sought to intercept the Iroquois coming back from their winter hunt. Similar to the Carillon advocates, the Ross farm advocates, in part, base their conclusions on tradition. Traditions include known battles between French and Iroquois in this area, old French inhabitants of the area placing the battle there, and also from the testimony of a Huron eyewitness to the battle. Archeological evidence is also referenced by Ross farm advocates. Archeological excavations of palisades (in which Dollard and his comrades fought in) and considerations of topography coincide with the testimonies of the Huron survivors along with other oral and written traditions.

paragraph: Section::::Cultural legacy.

paragraph: Section::::Cultural legacy.:Representations of Dollard as a Cultural Figure in French Canadian History.

paragraph: The first sources written concerning the Battle of Long Sault are a series of letters composed by Marie Guyart, founder of the Ursuline institute of New France, and a collection of compiled documents from various Jesuit missionaries entitled "Relations". These sources, written immediately after Dollard's death in 1660, give descriptive accounts of the battle and emphasize the dualism between Christianity and the Barbarism of the Natives. Although he is singled out as the leader in these earliest recorded stories, Dollard des Ormeaux is not the main focus of the battle.

paragraph: In 1672, François Dollier de Casson wrote "Histoire de Montréal". His book included a chapter dedicated solely to Dollard des Ormeaux and the Battle of Long Sault. This work marked a shift in Dollard's personal role in the battle. In Dollier's account, Dollard becomes a central heroic figure. He is characterized by an air of mystery and strong leadership abilities. He also occupies a more active role in the proceedings. Similar to Guyart's account, Dollard is aligned with Christianity in opposition to the barbarism of the Natives.

paragraph: These accounts of Dollard provided a basis that allowed him to develop into and be upheld as a heroic figure in French-Canadian culture, post-British conquest. These sources also set a precedent of anti-Native American sentiment surrounding the veneration of Dollard.

paragraph: With the exception of a brief mention in the work of Charlevoix in the 1700s, Dollard and the Battle of Long Sault does not reappear in French Canadian writing until the 1840s. The re-emergence of the tale coincides with the union of Upper and Lower Canada and the ensuing fear that French Canadians would lose control over their rights. The story of Dollard was used by authors in this period, such as François-Xavier Garneau, to secure a space for the French in the national history of Canada. Garneau's text emphasizes the loyalty of Dollard and his soldiers to their nation and the unity of their action.

paragraph: The rise of industrialization and ultramontanism in the 1860s marked another shift in the story of Dollard. The Catholic Church had become an influential representative of French Canadian interests within the country. To provide ideal moral models, the Catholic clergy wrote versions of history with an emphasis on Christian heroes. In 1865, Étienne-Michel Faillon published "L'Histoire de la colonie française au Canada" which included an account of the Battle of Long Sault. Faillon's writing places heavy emphasis on the duality between Christianity and barbarity. The language used by Faillon is aggrandizing and glorifies Dollard and his soldiers far more than previous accounts. Dollard, in Faillon's account, becomes an ideal model of Christian morality. Faillon's text became the canon of the Dollard story in French Canadian culture.

paragraph: This attitude was perpetuated throughout the early 1900s. The writing of Lionel Groulx, for instance, portrays Dollard as a figure of French Canadian nationalism and Catholicism. Groulx's writing, in particular, emphasizes the youth of Dollard and upholds him as a model for French Canadian children.

paragraph: Since controversy has come to light surrounding the circumstances of the Battle of Long Sault, modern historians have challenged traditional visions of Dollard as a hero in Quebec culture. Notable historians on this subject include E. R. Adair and Gustave Lanctot.

paragraph: Section::::Cultural legacy.:English history.

paragraph: Dollard not only occupies a prominent position in French Canadian culture but also appears as a figure in English Canadian history. In the 1860s, Francis Parkman wrote an English account of the Battle of Long Sault. His version focuses less on Catholicism and instead uses the story as a model of continuity of European settlements in the Canadas.

paragraph: Section::::Cultural legacy.:The arts.

paragraph: There have been tributes to Dollard des Ormeaux in Canadian poetry, theater, and literature. As a response to French marginalization throughout Canada, a lot of this work generally focuses on themes of heroism and the strength of French Canadian ancestors. The art also often explores Dollard's martyrdom for the growth of a nation. Natives are largely absent in these bodies of work and when represented, often depicted as negative figures.

paragraph: Section::::Cultural legacy.:Public statues.

paragraph: BULLET::::- A monument to Dollard des Ormeaux, created by sculptor Alfred Laliberté and the architect Alphonse Venne, was inaugurated in Parc Lafontaine on June 24, 1920.

paragraph: BULLET::::- A bas-relief on the Maisonneuve Monument at Place d'Armes, Montreal, sculpted by Louis-Philippe Hébert, portrays Dollard des Ormeaux in the Battle of Long Sault.

paragraph: Section::::Cultural legacy.:Holiday.

paragraph: In Quebec, starting during the time of the Quiet Revolution, Victoria Day became unofficially known as Fête de Dollard. In 2003, provincial legislation officially declared the date to be National Patriots' Day.

paragraph: Section::::Cultural legacy.:Toponymy.

paragraph: In Quebec, as well as the Montreal suburb Dollard-des-Ormeaux, there are dozens of places, including streets, squares, and parks, which commemorate the name.

description: French Garrison commander

wikidata_label: Adam Dollard des Ormeaux

wikipedia_title: Adam Dollard des Ormeaux


text:
German
chemist
Berlin
Margraviate of Brandenburg
analytical chemistry
zinc
calamine
carbon
sugar
beet
Franz Achard
Caspar Neumann
Frankfurt am Main
Strassbourg
University of Halle
Prussian Academy of Science
Prussian blue
iron
phosphorus
urine
alkali metal
sugar
beet
sugarcane
Franz Achard
sugar beet
Johann Gottlob Lehmann
Franz Carl Achard
Valentin Rose the Elder
Martin Heinrich Klaproth
calamine
carbon
William Champion

categories: Scientists from Berlin,German chemists,Members of the Prussian Academy of Sciences,People from the Margraviate of Brandenburg,1782 deaths,People of the Industrial Revolution,1709 births

paragraph: Andreas Sigismund Marggraf

paragraph: Andreas Sigismund Marggraf (; 3 March 1709 – 7 August 1782) was a German chemist from Berlin, then capital of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, and a pioneer of analytical chemistry. He isolated zinc in 1746 by heating calamine and carbon. Though he was not the first to do so, Marggraf is credited with carefully describing the process and establishing its basic theory. In 1747, Marggraf announced his discovery of sugar in beets and devised a method using alcohol to extract it. His student Franz Achard later devised an economical industrial method to extract the sugar in its pure form.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Andreas Sigismund Marggraf was the son of the pharmacist (1680–1754), who owned a pharmacy in Berlin and lectured at the Collegium Medico-Chirurgicum (medical/surgical school). Andreas came in contact with the pharmaceutical and medical business early and started studying at the medical school in 1725. He studied with Caspar Neumann in Berlin, Germany but he also visited pharmacies in other cities, including Frankfurt am Main and Strassbourg. He also attended lectures at the University of Halle. Andreas worked in his father's pharmacy and focused his work on chemistry. Later in his life he helped to reorganize the Societät der Wissenschaften into the Akademie der Wissenschaften (Prussian Academy of Science) and became the director of the physics section in 1760.

paragraph: Even after a stroke in 1774, he continued work in the laboratories of the Akademie until his retirement in 1781.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: Marggraf introduced several new methods into experimental chemistry. He used precipitation methods for analysis, like the Prussian blue reaction for the detection of iron. Marggraf's major work in inorganic chemistry included the improved production of phosphorus from urine and the detection of alkali metal salts in plant ash and their identification by flame test.

paragraph: His extraction of sugar from beets, which was then only available from sugarcane, was the starting point for the sugar industry in Europe. Although Marggraf recognized the economic impact of that discovery, he did not pursue it. Marggraf's student Franz Achard, completed the work and developed an economic extraction method for sugar from sugar beet. Other students of Marggraf included Johann Gottlob Lehmann, Franz Carl Achard and probably Valentin Rose the Elder and Martin Heinrich Klaproth. He also was the first to isolate glucose from raisins in 1747.

paragraph: Section::::Isolation of zinc.

paragraph: Marggraf had isolated zinc in 1746 by heating a mixture of calamine and carbon in a closed vessel without copper. He was unaware that the same process had been developed (and patented) by William Champion in England around 1738–1740 and by Anton von Swab in Sweden around 1742. Marggraf however had described the process in great detail and established its basic theory, for which he is often credited with isolation of zinc. This procedure became commercially practical by 1752.

description: German chemist

wikidata_label: Andreas Sigismund Marggraf

wikipedia_title: Andreas Sigismund Marggraf


text: Arthurian

text: The Once and Future King

text: The Sword in the Stone

text: Bombay

text: British India

text: superintendent

text: Cheltenham College

text: Gloucestershire

text: public school

text: Queens' College, Cambridge

text: Thomas Malory

text: Le Morte d'Arthur

text: Stowe School

text: falconry

text: The Sword in the Stone

text: Freudian

text: natural history

text: Book of the Month Club

text: County Meath

text: Second World War

text: conscientious objector

text: The Once and Future King

text: The Queen of Air and Darkness

text: The Ill-Made Knight

text: Alderney

text: Channel Island

text: Mistress Masham's Repose

text: Lilliputians

text: Jonathan Swift

text: Gulliver's Travels

text: John Masefield

text: The Midnight Folk

text: Noah's Flood

text: northern goshawk

text: bestiary

text: The Candle in the Wind

text: Broadway musical

text: Camelot

text: animated film

text: The Sword in the Stone

text: Piraeus

text: Athens

text: First Cemetery of Athens

text: The Book of Merlyn

text: University of Texas at Austin

text: Sylvia Townsend Warner

text: sado-masochist

text: Robert Robinson

text: Julie Andrews

text: Lin Carter

text: Imaginary Worlds

text: Michael Moorcock

text: J. K. Rowling

text: influenced

text: Harry Potter

text: Albus Dumbledore

text: Neil Gaiman

text: Timothy Hunter

text: Gregory Maguire

text: Wicked

text: crime fiction

text: Ed McBain

text: Helen Macdonald

text: H is for Hawk

text: Samuel Johnson Prize

text: The Once and Future King

text: The Sword in the Stone

text: The Queen of Air and Darkness

text: The Ill-Made Knight

text: The Candle in the Wind

text: Mistress Masham's Repose

text: The Book of Merlyn

categories: People educated at Cheltenham College,Writers of modern Arthurian fiction,Mythopoeic writers,20th-century English novelists,1964 deaths,Alumni of Queens' College, Cambridge,English fantasy writers,English agnostics,1906 births,English science fiction writers,People of British India,Burials at the First Cemetery of Athens,English historical novelists,Writers of historical fiction set in the Middle Ages,English pacifists

paragraph: T. H. White

paragraph: Terence Hanbury "Tim" White (29 May 1906 – 17 January 1964) was an English author best known for his Arthurian novels, "The Once and Future King", first published together in 1958. One of his most memorable is the first of the series, "The Sword in the Stone", published as a stand-alone book in 1938.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: He was born in Bombay, British India, to English parents Garrick Hanbury White, a superintendent in the Indian police, and Constance Edith Southcote Aston. White had a troubled childhood, with an alcoholic father and an emotionally cold mother, and his parents separated when he was 14.

paragraph: Section::::Education and teaching.

paragraph: White went to Cheltenham College in Gloucestershire, a public school, and Queens' College, Cambridge, where he was tutored by the scholar and occasional author L. J. (Leonard) Potts. Potts became a lifelong friend and correspondent, and White later referred to him as "the great literary influence in my life." While at Queens' College, White wrote a thesis on Thomas Malory's "Le Morte d'Arthur", and graduated in 1928 with a first-class degree in English.

paragraph: White then taught at Stowe School in Buckinghamshire for four years. In 1936 he published "England Have My Bones", a well-received memoir about a year spent in England. The same year, he left Stowe School and lived in a workman's cottage nearby, where he wrote and "revert[ed] to a feral state", engaging in falconry, hunting, and fishing. White also became interested in aviation, partly to conquer his fear of heights.

paragraph: Section::::Writing.

paragraph: White's novel "Earth Stopped" (1934) and its sequel "Gone to Ground" (1935) are science fiction novels about a disaster that devastates the world. "Gone to Ground" contains several fantasy stories told by the survivors that were later reprinted in "The Maharajah and Other Stories".

paragraph: White wrote to a friend that in autumn 1937, "I got desperate among my books and picked [Malory] up in lack of anything else. Then I was thrilled and astonished to find that (a) The thing was a perfect tragedy, with a beginning, a middle and an end implicit in the beginning and (b) the characters were real people with recognizable reactions which could be forecast... Anyway, I somehow started writing a book."

paragraph: The novel, which White described as "a preface to Malory", was titled "The Sword in the Stone". Published in 1938, it tells the story of the boyhood of King Arthur. White was also influenced by Freudian psychology and his lifelong involvement in natural history. "The Sword in the Stone" was critically well-received and was a Book of the Month Club selection in 1939.

paragraph: In February 1939, White moved to Doolistown in County Meath, Ireland, where he lived out the Second World War as a "de facto" conscientious objector. In Ireland, he wrote most of what would later become "The Once and Future King"; two sequels to "The Sword in the Stone" were published during this time: "The Witch in the Wood" (later cut and rewritten as "The Queen of Air and Darkness") in 1939, and "The Ill-Made Knight" in 1940. The version of "The Sword in the Stone" included in "The Once and Future King" differs in several respects from the earlier version. It is darker, and some critics prefer the earlier version. The war had a profound effect on these tales of King Arthur, which include commentaries on war and human nature in the form of a heroic narrative.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: In 1946, White settled in Alderney, the third-largest Channel Island, where he lived for the rest of his life. The same year, White published "Mistress Masham's Repose", a children's book in which a young girl discovers a group of Lilliputians (the tiny people in Jonathan Swift's "Gulliver's Travels") living near her house. "Mistress Masham's Repose" was influenced by John Masefield's book "The Midnight Folk".

paragraph: In 1947, he published "The Elephant and the Kangaroo" in which a repetition of Noah's Flood

paragraph: occurs in Ireland.

paragraph: In the early 1950s, White published two non-fiction books. "The Age of Scandal" (1950) is a collection of essays about 18th-century England. "The Goshawk" (1951) is an account of White's attempt to train a northern goshawk using traditional, rather than modern, falconry techniques. Written at his cottage in the mid-1930s, it was published only after its chance discovery by and at the insistence of White's agent, David Garnett. In 1954 White translated and edited "The Book of Beasts", an English translation of a medieval bestiary, originally written in Latin.

paragraph: In 1958, White completed the fourth book of "The Once and Future King" sequence, "The Candle in the Wind", which was first published with the other three parts and has never been published separately. White lived to see his work adapted as the Broadway musical "Camelot" (1960) and the animated film "The Sword in the Stone" (1963), both based on "The Once and Future King".

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: White died of heart failure on 17 January 1964 aboard ship in Piraeus, Athens, Greece, en route to Alderney from a lecture tour in the United States. He is buried in First Cemetery of Athens. In 1977 "The Book of Merlyn", a conclusion to "The Once and Future King", was published posthumously. His papers are held by the University of Texas at Austin.

paragraph: Section::::Death.:Personal life.

paragraph: According to Sylvia Townsend Warner's 1967 biography, White was "a homosexual and a sado-masochist." He came close to marrying several times but had no enduring romantic relationships. In his diaries of Zed, a young boy, he wrote: "I have fallen in love with Zed [...] the whole situation is an impossible one. All I can do is behave like a gentleman. It has been my hideous fate to be born with an infinite capacity for love and joy with no hope of using them."

paragraph: Broadcaster Robert Robinson published an account of a conversation with White, in which he claimed to be attracted to small girls. Robinson concluded that this was really a cover for homosexuality. Julie Andrews wrote in her autobiography, "I believe Tim may have been an unfulfilled homosexual, and he suffered a lot because of it."

paragraph: However, White's long-time friend and literary agent, David Higham, wrote, "Tim was no homosexual, though I think at one time he had feared he was (and in his ethos fear would have been the word)." Higham gave Warner the address of one of White's lovers "so that she could get in touch with someone so important in Tim's story. But she never, the girl told me, took that step. So she was able to present Tim in such a light that a reviewer could call him a raging homosexual. Perhaps a heterosexual affair would have made her blush."

paragraph: Lin Carter in his book "Imaginary Worlds" portrayed White as a man who felt deeply but was unable to form close human relationships due to his unfortunate childhood: "He was a man with an enormous capacity for loving. It shows in his prodigious correspondence and in his affection for dogs and in the bewildered and inarticulate loves his characters experience in his books; but he had few close friends, and no genuine relationship with a woman."

paragraph: White was agnostic, and towards the end of his life a heavy drinker. Warner wrote of him, "Notably free from fearing God, he was basically afraid of the human race."

paragraph: Section::::Influence.

paragraph: Fantasy writer Michael Moorcock enjoyed White's "The Once and Future King", and was especially influenced by the underpinnings of realism in his work. Moorcock eventually engaged in a "wonderful correspondence" with White, and later recalled that "White [gave] me some very good advice on how to write".

paragraph: J. K. Rowling has said that White's writing strongly influenced the "Harry Potter" books; several critics have compared Rowling's character Albus Dumbledore to White's absent-minded Merlyn, and Rowling herself has described White's Wart as "Harry's spiritual ancestor." Author Neil Gaiman was asked about the similarities between Harry Potter and Gaiman's character Timothy Hunter, and he stated that he did not think Rowling had based her character on Hunter. "I said to [the reporter] that I thought we were both just stealing from T. H. White: very straightforward."

paragraph: Gregory Maguire was influenced by "White's ability to be intellectually broadminded, to be comic, to be poetic, and to be fantastic" in the writing of his 1995 novel "Wicked", and crime fiction writer Ed McBain also cited White as an influence.

paragraph: White features extensively in Helen Macdonald's "H is for Hawk", winner of the 2014 Samuel Johnson Prize for non-fiction. One of the components of the book is a biographical account of White and also "The Goshawk", an account of his own failed attempt to train a hawk.

paragraph: Section::::Selected bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Loved Helen" (1929)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Green Bay Tree" (1929)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dead Mr. Nixon" (1931) (with R. McNair Scott)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "First Lesson" (1932) (as James Aston)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "They Winter Abroad" (1932) (as James Aston)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Darkness at Pemberley" (1932)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Farewell Victoria" (1933)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Earth Stopped" (1934)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gone to Ground" (1935)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "England Have My Bones" (1936)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Burke's Steerage" (1938)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Once and Future King"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Sword in the Stone" (1938)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Queen of Air and Darkness" (original version 1939, as "The Witch in the Wood")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Ill-Made Knight" (1940)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Candle in the Wind" (1958)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mistress Masham's Repose" (1946)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Elephant and the Kangaroo" (1947)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Age of Scandal" (1950)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Goshawk" (1951)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Scandalmonger" (1952)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Book of Beasts" (translator, 1954)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (1957)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Godstone and the Blackymor" (1959)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "America at Last" (1965)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Book of Merlyn" (1977)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Joy Proposed" (1980)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Maharajah and Other Stories" (edited by Kurth Sprague) (1981)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Letters to a Friend" (1984)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- White's 1954 translation of a 12th-century bestiary

alias:
Terence Hanbury White
T. H. White
Tim White

description: author

enwikiquote_title: T. H. White

wikidata_label: T. H. White

wikipedia_title: T. H. White


text:
baseball
player-manager
Major League Baseball
pitcher
win-loss record
earned run average
strikeout
Baltimore Orioles
American Association
player-manager
Christy Mathewson
Manayunk
Philadelphia
Baltimore
Philadelphia Athletics
Pittsburgh Alleghenys
win-loss record
earned run average
Newark Little Giants
Eastern League
John Clarkson
Eddie Knuff
no-hitter
base on balls
complete game
Brooklyn Grays
Philadelphia Athletics
Detroit Wolverines
errors
earned
Baltimore Orioles
Philadelphia Phillies
Pittsburgh Alleghenys
minor league
player-manager
Christy Mathewson
Manchester, New Hampshire
New England League
Manchester, New Hampshire
basketball
Saint Anselm College
Goffstown, New Hampshire
St. Joseph Cemetery
Bedford, New Hampshire

categories: 1864 births,Minor league baseball managers,19th-century baseball players,Sportspeople from Philadelphia,Philadelphia Phillies players,Portland Phenoms players,Norfolk Phenoms players,Newark Little Giants players,1952 deaths,Norfolk Skippers players,Newark Domestics players,Pittsburgh Alleghenys players,Manchester (minor league baseball) players,Baltimore Orioles (AA) players,Pottsville Colts players,Brooklyn Grays players,Sportspeople from Manchester, New Hampshire,Baseball players from Pennsylvania,Fall River Indians players,Major League Baseball pitchers,Reading Actives players,Millville (minor league baseball) players,Pawtucket Phenoms players,Newark Colts players,Philadelphia Athletics (AA) players,Hartford (minor league baseball) players,Detroit Wolverines players,American police officers,Milwaukee Brewers (minor league) players,Hartford Cooperatives players,Green Bay Bays players

paragraph: Phenomenal Smith

paragraph: John Francis "Phenomenal" Smith (December 12, 1864 – April 3, 1952), born as John Francis Gammon, was an American professional baseball player and player-manager from 1884 to 1905. He played eight seasons in Major League Baseball, principally as a pitcher, for six different clubs.

paragraph: In his eight seasons in the major leagues, Smith appeared as a pitcher in 140 games and compiled a 54-74 (.422) win-loss record with a 3.89 earned run average (ERA) and 519 strikeouts. He saw his most extensive playing time with the Baltimore Orioles of the American Association, compiling a 41-50 win-loss record during the 1887 and 1888 seasons.

paragraph: Smith later served as a player-manager in the minor leagues from the early 1890s through 1905. He was credited with discovering Christy Mathewson in 1899 and developing him into an outstanding pitcher during the 1900 season.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Smith was born in Manayunk, now a neighborhood in northwest Philadelphia, in 1864.

paragraph: Section::::Professional baseball player.:1883 to 1886 seasons.

paragraph: Smith began his professional baseball career at age 18 playing for the Baltimore club in the National Association in 1883. In 1884, he played one game as pitcher for the Philadelphia Athletics and another for the Pittsburgh Alleghenys. He compiled an 0-2 win-loss record and a 6.35 earned run average (ERA) in his first season in the major leagues.

paragraph: Smith spent most of the 1885 and 1886 seasons playing with the Newark Little Giants of the Eastern League. He appeared in 20 games as a pitcher for Newark in 1885 and struck out 214 batters. As of 1921, the only pitchers to have attained an average of 10 strikeouts per game were Smith (1885), Baseball Hall of Fame inductee John Clarkson (418 strikeouts in 41 games in his first minor league season) and Eddie Knuff (390 strikeouts in 39 games for Memphis, 1886). He reportedly received the nickname "Phenomenal" after pitching a no-hitter against Baltimore on October 3, 1885. Only two batters reached base, one on an error and one on a base on balls, and Smith picked off both runners at first base.

paragraph: In 1886, Smith appeared in 33 games as a pitcher for Newark. He threw 33 complete games and compiled a 22-10 record with a 0.74 ERA.

paragraph: Smith also played briefly during the 1885 and 1886 seasons for the Brooklyn Grays (one game, 1885), Philadelphia Athletics (one game, 1885), and Detroit Wolverines (three games, 1886). In his five major league games during the 1885 and 1886 seasons, Smith compiled a 1-3 record with a 5.11 ERA.

paragraph: In his first and only game for Brooklyn, on June 17, 1885, Smith's teammates were reported to have intentionally committed 14 errors to punish Smith for his perceived brash and cocky demeanor. Brooklyn lost the game, 18-5. All 18 were initially scored as unearned‚ but record books indicate that 11 of the runs were earned. He reportedly claimed that he was so good that he did not need his teammates to win. The intentional misplays of his teammates caused club President Lynch to fine the guilty players $500 each‚ but he instead released Smith "to ensure team harmony."

paragraph: Section::::Professional baseball player.:Baltimore.

paragraph: Smith saw his most extensive playing time in the major leagues with the Baltimore Orioles during the 1887 and 1888 seasons. In 1887, Smith appeared in 58 games as a pitcher for Baltimore, including 55 as a starter. He threw 54 complete games and pitched 491-1/3 innings, compiling a record of 25-30 with a 3.79 ERA and 206 strikeouts. The next year, he appeared in 35 games as a pitcher, 32 as a starter, pitched 31 complete games and 314 innings for the Orioles. He compiled a record of 14-19 with a 3.61 ERA.

paragraph: Section::::Professional baseball player.:Philadelphia and Pittsburgh.

paragraph: In early October 1888, the Philadelphia Athletics purchased Smith from the Baltimore Orioles for $1000 or $1500. He pitched three games for the Athletics at the end of the 1888 season, compiling a 2-1 record and a 2.86 ERA. In the first half of the 1889 season, he went 2-3 with a 4.40 ERA for the Athletics. In early June 1889, Smith was released by the Athletics. He finished the 1889 season playing for Hartford in the Atlantic Association.

paragraph: Smith played in the National League in 1890 for the Philadelphia Phillies and Pittsburgh Alleghenys. He compiled a 9-15 record and a 4.06 ERA in 29 games as pitcher.

paragraph: At the start of the 1891 season, Smith was released by Pittsburgh and re-signed by the Phillies. Smith appeared in three games as pitcher for the 1891 Phillies and compiled a 1-1 record with a 4.26 ERA. He appeared in his last major league game on June 15, 1891, at age 26.

paragraph: Section::::Professional baseball player.:Minor leagues.

paragraph: Although his major league career ended in July 1891, Smith continued to play and manage in the minor leagues for another 15 years. His minor league career included stints with at least 12 different clubs, including the Milwaukee Brewers (1891), Green Bay Bays (1892), Reading Actives (1893), Pottsville Colts (1894–1895), Millville (1895), Pawtucket Phenoms (1896–1897), Fall River Indians (1898), Newark Colts (1898), Hartford Cooperatives (1898), Portland Phenoms (1899), and Norfolk Phenoms (1900).

paragraph: Smith was a player-manager for most of his minor league career, and he led Pottsville to the Pennsylvania League pennant in 1894 and Norfolk to a Virginia League pennant in 1900.

paragraph: While working as a minor league player-manager, Smith has been credited with discovering Baseball Hall of Fame inductee, Christy Mathewson. Smith met and played against Matthewson in 1899 while Matthewson was still attending Bucknell and pitching for the Taunton Herrings. The 19-year-old Mathewson compiled a 2-13 record for Taunton in 1899, but Smith saw potential. Smith signed Matthewson to play for his Norfolk team for $90 a month, and under Smith's guidance, Matthewson compiled a 21-2 record and 0.74 ERA in 1900 and was promoted to the major leagues before the end of the season.

paragraph: Smith spent the last five years of his baseball career as a player-manager for the Manchester, New Hampshire baseball club from 1901 to 1905. At age 36, he won the 1901 New England League batting title with a .363 batting average in 284 at bats. Smith remained in Manchester for the rest of his life.

paragraph: Section::::Family and later years.

paragraph: John Smith was married twice. The first time he married Margaret Cowan in 1884. They had two daughters, Isabel Smith Warnick, and Elsie Smith MacFarland. Margaret Cowan was from Scotland but her parents were born in Ireland. John was married to Hannah M. Smith in approximately 1900. They had at least ten children: Anna (born c. 1902), George (born c. 1903), John (born c. 1905), Charles (born c. 1907), Walter (born 1909), Agnes (born c. 1911), Mary (born c. 1913), James (born c. 1916), Florence (born c. 1920), and Margaret (born c. 1922).

paragraph: After retiring from baseball, Smith became a member of the Manchester, New Hampshire police department. He served in that capacity from approximately 1904 to 1932. He also coached the basketball team at Saint Anselm College in Goffstown, New Hampshire, for seven seasons between 1909 and 1932. In 1952, he died at a hospital in Manchester at age of 87. He was buried at St. Joseph Cemetery in Bedford, New Hampshire.

description: American professional baseball player

wikidata_label: Phenomenal Smith

wikipedia_title: Phenomenal Smith


text:
SDB
Roman Catholic
missionary
Paraguay
Metropolitan Archbishop
Archdiocese of Asunción
Pope Benedict XVI
Apostolic Vicar
Chaco Paraguayo
episcopate
Angola
priest
Salesians of Don Bosco
Pastor Cuquejo
pallium
St. Peter's Basilica
Vatican City

categories: Paraguayan Roman Catholic archbishops,Salesians of Don Bosco,Roman Catholic missionaries in Angola,1944 births,Roman Catholic missionaries in Paraguay,20th-century Roman Catholic priests,21st-century Roman Catholic priests,Living people,Paraguayan Roman Catholics

paragraph: Edmundo Valenzuela

paragraph: Bishop Edmundo Ponziano Valenzuela Mellid SDB (born 19 November 1944) is a Roman Catholic missionary currently serving in Paraguay as the sixth Metropolitan Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Asunción. On February 13, 2006 he was appointed by Pope Benedict XVI as Apostolic Vicar to Chaco Paraguayo, an area with a population of 18,000 but only 5 ordained priests. As a result of this appointment, he was consecrated to the episcopate 22 April 2006. Prior to this appointment, Valenzuela served as a high-profile missionary in Angola. Valenzuela was ordained a priest of the Salesians of Don Bosco in 1977.

paragraph: Following the resignation of Metropolitan Archbishop of the Archdiocese of Asunción Pastor Cuquejo due to age, Pope Francis appointed Valenzuela as the new Metropolitan Archbishop of Asunción on 6 November 2014, becoming the 44th bishop of Asuncion and the 6th metropolitan archbishop. He received the archiepiscopal pallium of the hands of Pope Francis on 29 June 2015 at St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City.

description: Christian missionary

wikidata_label: Edmundo Valenzuela Mellid

wikipedia_title: Edmundo Valenzuela


text:
American football
safety
Jacksonville Jaguars
National Football League
college football
LSU
undrafted free agent
Eisenhower High School
Houston, Texas
track & field
100-meter dash
Rivals.com
redshirted
interception
2013 NFL Draft
LSU
2014 NFL Draft
Jacksonville Jaguars
free agent
Jacksonville Jaguars bio
LSU Tigers bio

categories: Sportspeople from Houston,LSU Tigers football players,1989 births,American football safeties,Players of American football from Texas,Living people

paragraph: Craig Loston

paragraph: Craig Anthony Loston, Jr. (born December 21, 1989) is a former American football safety. He recently played for the Jacksonville Jaguars of the National Football League. He played college football at LSU, and signed with the Jaguars as an undrafted free agent in 2014.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Loston attended Eisenhower High School in Houston, Texas, where he was a four-sport star in football, basketball, track and baseball. In track & field, he was timed at 10.4 seconds in the 100-meter dash.

paragraph: Regarded as a five-star recruit, Loston was ranked as the best safety in the country by "Rivals.com".

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Loston played in two games as a true freshman in 2009 before suffering an injury and being redshirted. After spending 2010 and 2011 as a backup, he became a starter for the first time in 2012. He finished the season with 55 tackles and three interceptions. He nearly declared for the 2013 NFL Draft, but returned for his senior season at LSU.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Jacksonville Jaguars.

paragraph: Following the 2014 NFL Draft, Loston was signed by the Jacksonville Jaguars as an undrafted free agent. The Jaguars released Loston on August 29, 2014. However, he was signed to the practice squad on August 31, 2014.

paragraph: Loston was promoted to the active roster on September 13, 2014. He was released on September 20 and re-signed to the practice squad on September 22. He was once again elevated to the active roster on September 29.

paragraph: He was released on September 5, 2015. He was signed to the practice squad on September 6, 2015. On October 14, 2015, he was released. On October 20, 2015, Loston was signed to the practice squad, but was released one day later. On October 27, 2015, he was re-signed to the practice squad. On November 18, 2015, Loston was promoted to the active roster.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jacksonville Jaguars bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- LSU Tigers bio

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Craig Loston

wikipedia_title: Craig Loston


text:
Avignon
Castile
canon
Burgos Cathedral
Benedetto Caetani
Bishop of Burgos
Cardinal-bishop of Sabina
papal consistory
Nicola Boccasini
outrage of Anagni
Guillaume de Nogaret
Sciarra Colonna
papal conclave of 1303
Pope Benedict XI
that of 1304-1305
Clement V
Philip IV of France
Edward I of England
Terni
St. Peter's Basilica
cenotaph

wikipedia_title: Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Sabina-Poggio Mirteto

categories: 1310 deaths,Bishops of Burgos,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Pedro Rodríguez (cardinal)

paragraph: Pedro Rodríguez de Quexada or Petrus Hispanus (died 20 December 1310, in Avignon) was an ecclesiastic from Castile.

paragraph: Section::::Ecclesiastical biography.

paragraph: He was a canon of Burgos Cathedral and the chaplain of Cardinal Benedetto Caetani, who after his rise to the papacy as Pope Boniface VIII appointed Rodriguez Bishop of Burgos in 1300. Boniface VIII then established him as Cardinal-bishop of Sabina in the papal consistory of 15 December 1302. At that time, Rodriguez also received the administration of .

paragraph: Rodriguez and Nicola Boccasini were the only ones who remained with Pope Boniface during the outrage of Anagni that Guillaume de Nogaret, Guillaume de Plasian and Sciarra Colonna executed against the pope that year.

paragraph: Rodriguez participated in the papal conclave of 1303 that proclaimed Pope Benedict XI, and that of 1304-1305, which elected Clement V. He served as a Papal legate in England arranging a peace between the kings Philip IV of France and Edward I of England, and as governor of Terni.

paragraph: Section::::Death and Burial.

paragraph: Rodriguez died in the papal court at Avignon in late 1310, was transferred to Rome and buried in the St. Peter's Basilica with Boniface VIII.

paragraph: However, the documentation of the Burgos Cathedral still has him listed as being buried there, in the chapel of San Pedro (now ), where one can see his cenotaph; thus, some historians deny his cardinalship, claiming that the Cardinal and the Bishop of Burgos were two different people.

alias:
Pedro Rodríguez de Quexada
Petrus Hispanus
Pedro Rodriguez
Pedro Rodriguez de Quexada

description: ecclesiastic from Castile

wikidata_label: Pedro Rodríguez

wikipedia_title: Pedro Rodríguez (cardinal)


text:
German
ice hockey
goaltender
Augsburger Panther
Deutsche Eishockey Liga
Eisbären Berlin
DEL2

wikipedia_title:
Germany
Ice hockey
Goaltender
Augsburger Panther
Deutsche Eishockey Liga
Eisbären Berlin
DEL2

categories: Sportspeople from Augsburg,SC Riessersee players,Eisbären Berlin players,1989 births,Kassel Huskies players,Augsburger Panther players,German ice hockey players,Living people

paragraph: Markus Keller (ice hockey)

paragraph: Markus Keller (born 19 August 1989) is a German professional ice hockey goaltender. He currently plays for Augsburger Panther of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). He has previously played for Eisbären Berlin in DEL.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.

paragraph: After parts of five seasons in the DEL with Berlin and Augsburg, Keller signed a one-year contract to join EC Kassel Huskies of the DEL2 on April 2, 2015.

paragraph: On April 13, 2018, Keller returned to the DEL with Augsburg after a three season stint with the Huskies, signing a one-year deal.

description: German ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Markus Keller

wikipedia_title: Markus Keller (ice hockey)


text:
Cles
paralympic alpine skier
2010 Winter Paralympics
Italy at the 2010 Winter Paralympics
IPC

wikipedia_title:
Cles
Para-alpine skiing
2010 Winter Paralympics
Italy at the 2010 Winter Paralympics
International Paralympic Committee

categories: Paralympic silver medalists for Italy,Medalists at the 2010 Winter Paralympics,1987 births,Paralympic alpine skiers of Italy,People from Cles,Living people

paragraph: Melania Corradini

paragraph: Melania Corradini (born 13 April 1987 in Cles) is a female Italian paralympic alpine skier.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: She won a silver medal at the 2010 Winter Paralympics.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Italy at the 2010 Winter Paralympics

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Athlete profile at IPC web site

description: Italian Paralympic alpine skier

wikidata_label: Melania Corradini

wikipedia_title: Melania Corradini


text:
Styrian
noble
edelfrei
Graben von Stein
Kornberg
Novo Mesto
Lower Carniola
burgrave
Gleichenberg
Rothenfels
Hohenwang
Walsee
Swabian
Stubenberg family
Cistercian
Rein
Herrschaft
fief
Edelsbach
Krottendorf
Prince-Bishops of Freising
Habsburg
Albert II of Austria
Auersperg
Frederick the Younger
Johann Weichard Freiherr von Valvasor

categories: Medieval Austrian nobility,14th-century Austrian people,Year of birth uncertain,People from Styria

paragraph: Ulrich II von Graben

paragraph: Ulrich II von Graben (before 1300 – ) was a Styrian noble, a member of the "edelfrei" Graben von Stein family. He held the titles as Lord of Kornberg and Graben Castle (near Novo Mesto in Lower Carniola), as well as burgrave of Gleichenberg, Rothenfels and Hohenwang.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was the son of Ulrich I von Graben, burgrave of Gleichenberg, and his wife Gertrud (both died before 1325). His father had entered the service of the Lords of Walsee, a Swabian dynasty with extended properties in the Styrian lands, and from 1302 appeared as a vassal of the Stubenberg family.

paragraph: Ulrich II succeeded his father as Gleichenberg burgrave. He was first mentioned in a 1300 deed, making donations to the Cistercian abbey of Rein in Styria. In 1314 he acquired the village of Wetzelsdorf and, together with his brothers Otto and Frederick, in 1328 bought the Lordship ("Herrschaft") and Castle of Kornberg.

paragraph: The Kornberg fief remained the ancestral seat of the Styrian branch of the Graben family until the extinction of the line in 1556. Ulrich and his brothers also purchased the villages of Edelsbach and Krottendorf. From 1343, Ulrich served as burgrave of Rothenfels, an estate then held by the Prince-Bishops of Freising. In 1354 he received the Styrian Lordship and Castle of Hohenwang from the Habsburg duke Albert II of Austria in pawn.

paragraph: Ulrich II was married with Barbara, daughter of Johann von Auersperg and Cimburgis Schauerpeck, and later with a Lady called Gertraud (died before 1375). He seemed to have left no children, as his heritage passed to his surviving brother Frederick and his nephew Frederick the Younger.

paragraph: Section::::Literature.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Johann Weichard Freiherr von Valvasor (1689): "Die Ehre dess Hertzogthums Crain: das ist, Wahre, gründliche, und recht eigendliche Belegen- und Beschaffenheit dieses Römisch-Keyserlichen herrlichen Erblandes"; Laybach (Ljubljana)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Adalbert Sikora: Die Herren vom Graben in Zeitschrift des historischen Vereines für Steiermark. 51. Jahrgang, Graz 1960

description: Austrian knight

wikidata_label: Ulrich II von Graben

wikipedia_title: Ulrich II von Graben


text: Oxford University

text: Oxford Martin School

text: adaptation

text: geoengineering

text: Kyoto Protocol

text: London School of Economics

text: wicked problems

text: Nobel Peace Prize

text: Mary Douglas

text: Cultural Theory

text: Trotskyist

text: Maoist

text: Earthscan

text: consistent critique

text: Framework Convention on Climate Change

text: The Hartwell Paper

text: Copenhagen Climate Summit

text: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

text: Oak Ridge National Laboratory

text: Cornell University

text: Virginia Tech

text: Boston University

text: University of Tennessee

text: Keble College

text: University of Copenhagen

text: The Breakthrough Institute

text: Second

text: Third

text: Fourth

text: ESRC

text: Royal Anthropological Institute

text: Royal Society of Arts

text: Society for Applied Anthropology

text: Criticism of the Kyoto Protocol

text: Adaptation

text: Climate engineering

text: Wicked problems

categories: British social scientists,British climatologists,Living people,Fellows of Keble College, Oxford,Alumni of the University of Kent,Geoengineers,Alumni of University College London,Year of birth missing (living people)

paragraph: Steve Rayner

paragraph: Steve Rayner is James Martin Professor of Science and Civilization at Oxford University and Director of the Institute for Science, Innovation and Society, a member of the Oxford Martin School. He describes himself as an "undisciplined social scientist" having been trained in philosophy, comparative religion (BA University of Kent) and political anthropology (PhD University College London).

paragraph: A key research interest is climate policy, in particular adaptation and geoengineering as ways to mitigate climate change’s effects. He has been an outspoken critic of the architecture of the Kyoto Protocol, and his paper "The Wrong Trousers: Radically Rethinking Climate Policy", co-written with Gwyn Prins of the London School of Economics has been widely cited on this topic. He is also interested in wicked problems, uncomfortable knowledge and clumsy solutions. He is currently principal investigator of the Oxford Programme for the Future of Cities and co-director of the Oxford Geoengineering Programme. In 2008, he was listed by "Wired" Magazine as one of the 15 people the next President should listen to and was recognized for his contribution to the joint award of the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

paragraph: Section::::Academic interests.

paragraph: Influenced by his PhD supervisor and colleague anthropologist Mary Douglas, his underlying theoretical interest has always been in the use of ideas about nature to justify moral and political preferences. Having spent much of his research career outside of academia, he also professes a commitment to "changing the world through social science". His doctoral research applied and developed Douglas’s Cultural Theory studying the organizational dynamics of British far-left groups in the mid-20th century. He focused particularly on the tendency of Trotskyist sects and the Maoist Workers' Institute of Marxism–Leninism – Mao Zedong Thought group to factionalism and split as well as their propensity to entertain millenarian ideas of social change. Subsequent work has explored the role of organizational culture in the perception and management of environmental, technological and health risks as well as the political culture of climate change.

paragraph: Section::::Major works.

paragraph: Rayner has authored or co-authored over 175 published works, including nine books, and is Series Editor of the Earthscan Science in Society book series.

paragraph: He is the editor, with Elizabeth Malone, of the four volume assessment of social science relevant to understanding climate change and its governance, in addition to maintaining a consistent critique of the mainstream policy architecture for climate policy.

paragraph: The 2007 report "The Wrong Trousers: Radically Rethinking Climate Policy", summarized in the Nature commentary "Time to Ditch Kyoto", claimed that the Framework Convention on Climate Change and Kyoto Protocol were based on erroneous premises, and called instead for massive public investment in energy research, development, demonstration and deployment (RDD&D). The Wrong Trousers was followed by "How to Get Climate Policy Back on Course" and subsequently "The Hartwell Paper", which argued that the 2009 Copenhagen Climate Summit, marked the crash of the Kyoto Protocol, which had ""failed to produce any discernable real world reductions in emissions of greenhouse gases in fifteen years"." Rayner’s recent work addresses problematic issues in the relationship between science and governance as well as the governance of science. He has expressed concerns about attempts to resolve clashes in values either through appeals to science on the one hand or through extensive public participation on the other. His recent efforts in this area have focused on the emerging technologies of climate change geoengineering and he was a co-author on the influential Royal Society report "Geoengineering the Climate" and lead author of the "Oxford Principles for Geoengineering Governance".

paragraph: He has given nearly 150 invited lectures and conference presentations on topics such as climate policy, risk and governance, including the Jack Beale Memorial Lecture on Global Environment at the University of New South Wales, Australia

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: Prior to his appointment at Oxford University, Steve Rayner was Professor of Environment and Public Affairs in the School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University, where he directed the Center for Science, Technology, and Environmental Policy. He also held parallel appointments as Professor of Sociology and as the Chief Social Scientist at the International Research Institute for Climate Prediction. Before Columbia University, he held the rank of Chief Scientist at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Located in the Washington DC office, he led the Global Change Research Group from 1991 to 1996. Previously, he was Deputy Director of the Global Environmental Studies Center at Oak Ridge National Laboratory where he was responsible for research in Policy, Energy and Human Systems. Throughout this period he also held visiting or adjunct appointments at Cornell University, Virginia Tech, Boston University and the University of Tennessee.

paragraph: Section::::Other honors and affiliations.

paragraph: Rayner is a Professorial Fellow of Keble College and Honorary Professor of Climate Change and Society at the University of Copenhagen. He is also a Senior Fellow of The Breakthrough Institute, a non-partisan environmental think-tank based in California's Bay Area. He is a Member of the Lead Experts Group of the UK Government's Foresight Programme on the Future of Cities. He served as a member of the IPCC for the Second, Third and Fourth Assessment Reports, and was a member of the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution from 2003-2009. Between 2002 and 2008 he also directed the ESRC's £5.2 million 'Science in Society' Programme. He is a Fellow of the Royal Anthropological Institute, Royal Society of Arts, American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the Society for Applied Anthropology. His work has been covered by the "New York Times", "BBC"

paragraph: , "Economist", "New Scientist"

paragraph: , "Guardian", "Nature", "Sky News", Globe and Mail and "Wired Magazine" among others.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Criticism of the Kyoto Protocol

paragraph: BULLET::::- Adaptation

paragraph: BULLET::::- Climate engineering (geoengineering)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wicked problems

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Steve Rayner at the Institute for Science, Innovation and Society

wikidata_label: Steve Rayner

wikipedia_title: Steve Rayner


text:
Canadian
Quebec City Council

categories: Quebec City councillors,1793 births,1881 deaths,Canadian notaries

paragraph: Louis-Édouard Glackmeyer

paragraph: Louis-Édouard Glackmeyer (December 7, 1793 – February 9, 1881) was a Canadian notary and municipal councillor.

paragraph: He was a member of the Quebec City Council from 1833 to 1845 (St. Charles Ward) and from 1854 to 1856 (St. Pierre Ward).

description: Canadian politician

wikidata_label: Louis-Édouard Glackmeyer

wikipedia_title: Louis-Édouard Glackmeyer