text:
radical
Roman Catholic priest
French Revolution
popular democracy
classless society
Paris
sans-culottes
working class
radicalizing
popular
far-left
Paris Commune
French First Republic
political faction
Enragés
economically equal
bourgeois
Jacobins
Girondin
Montagnards
National Convention
National Convention
private property
class society
Karl Marx
analytical theory
food riot
Paris Commune
Maximilien Robespierre
Committee of Public Safety
Jean-Paul Marat
L'Ami du peuple
Revolutionary Tribunal
Jacques Hébert
Hébertist
Elias Toufexis
Assassin's Creed Unity
Peter Weiss
Marat/Sade
Marquis de Sade
Reign of Terror
Jacques Roux Archive
Marxists Internet Archive

categories: People from Charente,Male suicides,Enragés,Christian radicals,1794 deaths,Priests who committed suicide,1752 births,People who committed suicide in prison custody

paragraph: Jacques Roux

paragraph: Jacques Roux (21 August 1752 – 10 February 1794) was a radical Roman Catholic priest who took an active role in politics during the French Revolution. He skillfully expounded the ideals of popular democracy and classless society to crowds of Parisian sans-culottes, working class wage earners and shopkeepers, radicalizing them into a dangerous revolutionary force. He became a leader of a popular far-left.

paragraph: Section::::Radical revolutionary.

paragraph: In 1791 Roux was elected to the Paris Commune. When the French First Republic started in 1792, Roux became aligned with the political faction dubbed by their enemies as the Enragés () (French for "The Enraged Ones" but also a "madmen"). He was considered the most extreme spokesman on the left for the interests of the Parisian "sans-culottes".

paragraph: Roux consistently fought for an economically equal society, turning the crowds of sans-culottes against the bourgeois torpor of the Jacobins. He demanded that food be made available to every member of society, and called for the wealthy to be executed should they hoard it. Roux tirelessly voiced the demands of the poor Parisian population to confiscate aristocratic wealth and provide affordable bread.

paragraph: He became popular enough that, as the split between the Girondins and the Montagnards grew wider, his voice helped remove the Girondins from the National Convention in 1793.

paragraph: Section::::"Manifesto of the Enragés".

paragraph: In a controversial 1793 address to the National Convention that's been dubbed the "Manifesto of the Enragés", Roux demanded the abolition of private property and class society in the name of the people he represented. In many ways Roux and the Enragés were prescient in anticipating many of the themes Karl Marx would develop in his analytical theory decades later.

paragraph: Soon, Roux's incendiary rhetoric was igniting food riots and upsetting the balance of power within the Paris Commune. Maximilien Robespierre, fearing Roux threatened the dominance of the Jacobin government, presented accusations of him being a foreign spy intentionally trying to disrupt the revolutionary government and the Committee of Public Safety. During this time, Roux's former friend, Jean-Paul Marat, also turned against him, writing in his newspaper, "L'Ami du peuple", that Roux was a false priest that was only interested in religion as long as it provided income. On July 7, 1793, Roux's enemies brought Elizabeth Marguerite Hébert in for questioning in an attempt to charge Roux with extortion and "misappropriation of charitable funds." Hébert was a recent widow with no means to support herself and, two years earlier, Roux had agreed to raise funds for her and her family. When asked if Roux had an ulterior motive, she replied that she did not believe he did. He wasn't arrested then, but in August 1793, Roux was arrested under the charges that he had withheld funds from both the widow Hébert and another widow, Mlle Beaurepaire. Roux assured the revolutionary committee of section Gravilliers that he did nothing of the sort and that his enemies were working against him. Roux was released into the custody of two of his friends, where he continued fighting for his ideals. On September 5, 1793, Roux was thrown into prison again.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: On January 14, 1794, Roux was informed that his case was going to be tried by the Revolutionary Tribunal. Upon hearing this news, Roux pulled out a knife and stabbed himself several times, but failed to land a fatal blow. Less than a month later, on February 10, 1794 while recovering in prison, Roux stabbed himself again, this time succeeding in killing himself. He was 41.

paragraph: As the Enragés movement began falling apart, Jacques Hébert's more moderate left-wing faction known as the Hébertists tried to win over his former supporters and continue where he had left off.

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: Roux (played by Elias Toufexis) is featured in a mission in French Revolution-set "Assassin's Creed Unity", in which the player is tasked with assassinating him. In Peter Weiss's "Marat/Sade", Roux is portrayed by an asylum patient in the Marquis de Sade's dramatization of Jean-Paul Marat's assassination. The actor's lines come under fire by the asylum directors, who have cut his dialogue. In most productions, the actor portraying Roux is costumed in a straight jacket, which symbolizes the asylum's desire to restrain political radicals such as himself.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reign of Terror

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jacques Roux Archive at Marxists Internet Archive

description: French priest and revolutionary

enwikiquote_title: Jacques Roux

wikidata_label: Jacques Roux

wikipedia_title: Jacques Roux


text:
British soldier
First World War
Irish
Victoria Cross
British
Commonwealth
Thurles
County Tipperary
corporal
Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment
Barlin
France
Pas de Calais
Imperial War Museum
The Register of the Victoria Cross
Ireland's VCs
Monuments to Courage
Irish Winners of the Victoria Cross

categories: British military personnel killed in World War I,1917 deaths,British Army personnel of World War I,People from Thurles,Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment soldiers,Irish soldiers in the British Army,1890 births,Irish World War I recipients of the Victoria Cross

paragraph: John Cunningham (VC 1917)

paragraph: John Cunningham , (born 1890 – 16 April 1917) was a British soldier during the First World War, an Irish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

paragraph: Section::::Details.

paragraph: Cunningham, born in Thurles, County Tipperary on 22 October 1890, was one of two sons of Johanna and Joseph Cunningham.

paragraph: He was 26 years old, and a corporal in the 2nd Battalion, Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment, when he performed a deed on 12 April 1917 at Bois-en-Hache, near Barlin, France which earned him the Victoria Cross. Cunningham later died as a result of his injuries.

paragraph: He is buried in Barlin cemetery, Pas de Calais, plot 1, row A, grave 39.

paragraph: Section::::The Medal.

paragraph: His medals are on loan to the Imperial War Museum in London.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Listed in order of publication year

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Register of the Victoria Cross" (1981, 1988 and 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ireland's VCs" (Dept of Economic Development, 1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Monuments to Courage" (David Harvey, 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Irish Winners of the Victoria Cross" (Richard Doherty & David Truesdale, 2000)

wikidata_label: John Cunningham

wikipedia_title: John Cunningham (VC 1917)


text:
American football
outside linebacker
defensive end
National Football League
Cleveland Browns
2006 NFL Draft
Oakland Raiders
Tennessee Titans
college football
Florida State
Wichita Northwest High School
Parade
U.S. Army All-American Bowl
Rivals.com
Notre Dame
Nebraska
Oklahoma
Tennessee
2003 Sugar Bowl
Georgia
true freshman
A. J. Nicholson
Georgia Tech
Eric Moore
Duke
Colorado
Syracuse
Virginia
Wake Forest
Clemson
ACC
NC State
Orange Bowl
Penn State
All-America
Pro Football Weekly
Haloti Ngata
Phil Savage
Cleveland Browns
Willie McGinest
NFL Defensive Rookie of the Year
Oakland Raiders
New England Patriots
Derrick Burgess
2010 NFL Draft
Colt McCoy
defensive end
Chicago Bears
Jay Cutler
Tennessee Titans
Rachael Ray
Martellus Bennett
Dwight Freeney
Tony Siragusa
New Orleans
American Ninja Warrior
MTV
The Challenge
Oakland Raiders bio
Florida State Seminoles bio

categories: Florida State Seminoles football players,African-American players of American football,Cleveland Browns players,American football defensive ends,Players of American football from Kansas,Sportspeople from Wichita, Kansas,Oakland Raiders players,American football linebackers,Tennessee Titans players,1983 births,Living people

paragraph: Kamerion Wimbley

paragraph: Kamerion Wimbley ( ; born October 13, 1983) is a former American football outside linebacker and defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Cleveland Browns in the first round of the 2006 NFL Draft with the 13th overall pick. He also played for the Oakland Raiders and Tennessee Titans before retiring in 2015. He played college football at Florida State.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Attending Wichita Northwest High School in Kansas, Wimbley played defensive end, linebacker, quarterback, receiver and punter. He earned "Parade" and "SuperPrep" All-America honors during his senior season and was considered to be one of the top high school athletes in the nation. He participated in the 2002 U.S. Army All-American Bowl.

paragraph: Considered a four-star recruit by "Rivals.com", Wimbley was ranked 58th overall among football prospects of the class of 2002. He selected Florida State over Notre Dame, Nebraska, Oklahoma and Tennessee. Wimbley graduated from Northwest High School in December 2001 (a semester early) and enrolled at Florida State in the spring of 2002.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: At Florida State, Wimbley played in all 14 games including the 2003 Sugar Bowl against Georgia as a true freshman, lining up at defensive end while also earning extensive playing time on special teams throughout the season. Wimbley finished the season as the second leading tackler among all Seminole freshmen with 17 stops, behind only A. J. Nicholson. In the Seminoles win at Georgia Tech in early November, Wimbley recorded six solo tackles.

paragraph: In his sophomore year, Wimbley was still primarily serving as back-up to Eric Moore. Playing in all 13 games, he recorded 38 tackles (30 solo and eight assisted), 6.5 tackles for lost yardage, 2.5 quarterback sacks, two pass break-ups and seven quarterback hurries. His first career start came against Duke, as he replaced the injured Moore and responded with a career-high tying eight tackles. Wimbley's best game of the season came against Colorado with a career-high eight tackles (four for lost yardage), two sacks, two third down stops, two pass deflections and one forced fumble.

paragraph: Still only a back-up to Moore at right defensive, Wimbley played in all 12 games as a junior. Only against Syracuse and Virginia he replaced Moore in the starting line-up. Wimbley finished the season with 27 tackles and 7 quarterback hurries. Five of those came in the victory over Wake Forest. He also had a season-high five tackles in Florida State's victory over Clemson.

paragraph: As a senior, he recorded three multiple sack games and lead the ACC in sacks before suffering a knee injury against NC State. He also led the team in quarterback hurries with 17 and set career-highs in season sacks and tackles for a loss. He returned to the starting lineup for the Orange Bowl against Penn State, his last career game. Despite being injured part of the season, Wimbley was named second team All-ACC and was named All-America by Pro Football Weekly.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Although playing 4-3 defensive end at Florida State, Wimbley was considered "not big enough to play there on a consistent basis in the NFL." Rather, he was considered an ideal fit at 3-4 rush linebacker by most NFL scouts.

paragraph: For their 3-4 defense, the Cleveland Browns were in need of a run-stuffer and a pass rusher. There was discussion that the team should pick nose tackle Haloti Ngata, but according to general manager Phil Savage, the coaching staff wanted to pressure the quarterback, so the team targeted Wimbley. The Browns selected him as the 13th pick overall in the draft.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Cleveland Browns.

paragraph: On July 22, 2006, he signed a six-year deal with the Cleveland Browns and includes $9.3 million in guaranteed money and $23.7 million total. After being converted to outside linebacker from his college position of defensive end, he played the entire season as the starting linebacker playing opposite all-time post season sack leader Willie McGinest. During his rookie season, Wimbley made an immediate impact leading the team and all AFC rookies with 11 sacks, to go along with 62 tackles, 1 fumble recovery, and 1 forced fumble. He managed to fly under the radar in his rookie season despite the impressive performance, who was beaten out by 3 other rookie linebackers in consideration for the NFL Defensive Rookie of the Year award.

paragraph: In his second NFL season, Wimbley failed to live up to the success of his rookie campaign, being part of a Browns defense that struggled throughout the season. However, he still led the team in sacks with 5, and also registered 51 tackles and 4 forced fumbles.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Oakland Raiders.

paragraph: On March 14, 2010, Wimbley was traded to the Oakland Raiders for a third round pick that was previously acquired from the New England Patriots in exchange for Derrick Burgess in the 2010 NFL Draft, which was used on quarterback Colt McCoy of Texas. The Raiders intended to put him at defensive end, hoping it would bring him back to his 2006 (rookie campaign) form. Instead they moved him to strongside linebacker. On August 21, 2010, during a pre-season game against the Chicago Bears, Wimbley recorded 4 sacks in one half on quarterback Jay Cutler. He finished the 2010 regular season with 58 tackles (46 solo), 9 sacks, a pass defended and a forced fumble. Wimbley started all 16 games in his first season with the Raiders. He was released on March 17, 2012.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Tennessee Titans.

paragraph: Wimbley signed with the Tennessee Titans on March 20, 2012. The deal was for five years and was worth up to $35 million. During the 2012 season, Wimbley appeared in all 16 games, recording 30 tackles and six sacks as he made the switch to defensive end in the Titans' 4-3 defense. After nine seasons in the NFL, Wimbley announced his retirement from the NFL on May 7, 2015.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Wimbley owns a Florida-based dog registry Bull Breed Coalition Registry that specializes in breeding, training, raising, showing, adopting, and rescuing American Bull dogs. As a “pet project,” Wimbley is also working on a dog registry, the Bulldog Breed Coalition Registry, which offers more innovative options for a broader population of people to be able to track their dogs’ ancestry.

paragraph: Wimbley competed and won the 2013 Super Bowl Cook-off Competition on the "Rachael Ray Show". His competitors were Martellus Bennett and Dwight Freeney. Wimbley had the best recipe as determined by Tony Siragusa. Wimbley created andouille sausage and shrimp over grits, a dish that was well-suited with New Orleans as the Super Bowl host. Wimbley won a large, Super Bowl-style ring.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.:"American Ninja Warrior".

paragraph: On March 27, 2012 Wimbley participated in G4's "American Ninja Warrior" South-East Regional Qualifying round. He successfully finished the course with a time of 1:30.87. This time was fast enough to advance him to the Regional Finals. He successfully completed this extended course with a time of 4:25.08. Despite this, his time was not good enough to move on, finishing just one spot off of qualification for the next stage of the competition.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.:"The Challenge: Champs Vs. Pros".

paragraph: Wimbley appeared on a charity edition of MTV's "The Challenge", titled "". He competed to raise money for Kamerion Wimbley Foundation, which seeks to raise funding for at risk youths. He finished as the male runner-up.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.:Businesses.

paragraph: Wimbley owns several businesses in his hometown of Wichita, Kansas, including a barber shop chain with two locations and a fitness center. He also owned a restaurant called Wings & Things, however, his locations were seized in February 2018 by the Kansas Department of Revenue for owing $82,329.50 in state taxes.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oakland Raiders bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Florida State Seminoles bio

description: American football lineman, linebacker

wikidata_label: Kamerion Wimbley

wikipedia_title: Kamerion Wimbley


text:
American football
nose tackle
Philadelphia Eagles
2006 NFL Draft
college football
Florida State
Denver Broncos
New Orleans Saints
Tampa, Florida
George D. Chamberlain High School
Brian Clark
Oliver Hoyte
Greg Lee
Joe Clermond
Naples Golden Eagles
Rivals.com
Haloti Ngata
Rodrique Wright
Gabe Watson
Michigan State
Florida State
Florida
Miami (FL)
true freshman
Florida
chop block
Mo Mitchell
2003 Sugar Bowl
Jeff Womble
Virginia
Wake Forest
A. J. Nicholson
Dan Bazuin
Darnell Dockett
2001 season
NFL Scouting Combine
Philadelphia Eagles
2006 NFL Draft
Florida State Seminoles
Ernie Sims
Kamerion Wimbley
Antonio Cromartie
Corey Simon
2000
2006 season
2007 season
Mike Patterson
2008
2009
2010 season
Cleveland Browns
2012 NFL Draft
Denver Broncos
2013 NFL Draft
New Orleans Saints
San Francisco 49ers
Alex Boone
Baltimore
injured reserve list
New Orleans Saints bio
Philadelphia Eagles bio
Florida State Seminoles football bio

categories: Florida State Seminoles football players,New Orleans Saints players,Philadelphia Eagles players,Players of American football from Florida,Denver Broncos players,American football defensive tackles,1983 births,George D. Chamberlain High School alumni,Living people

paragraph: Brodrick Bunkley

paragraph: Brodrick Bunkley (born November 23, 1983) is a former American football nose tackle. He was drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles in the first round of the 2006 NFL Draft. He played college football at Florida State. Bunkley also played for the Denver Broncos and New Orleans Saints.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: A native of Tampa, Florida, Bunkley attended George D. Chamberlain High School. In his senior year, Bunkley contributed quarterback sacks, while the Chiefs, featuring seniors Brian Clark and Oliver Hoyte, as well as juniors Greg Lee and Joe Clermond, advanced to the Class 5A state finals, where they were upset 21–17 by the Naples Golden Eagles.

paragraph: Regarded as a four-star recruit by "Rivals.com", Bunkley was ranked as the No. 22 defensive tackle nationwide, in a class that was highlighted by Haloti Ngata, Rodrique Wright, and Gabe Watson. After official visits to Michigan State, Florida State, Florida, and Miami (FL), Bunkley chose the Seminoles.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: In his true freshman season at Florida State, Bunkley appeared in eight games and totaled 13 tackles, one tackle for loss and three quarterback hurries. In the next-to-last game of the regular season against Florida, Bunkley injured his left knee on an apparent “chop block” by Gators guard Mo Mitchell, which caused him to miss the remainder of the season including the 2003 Sugar Bowl.

paragraph: As a sophomore, Bunkley played in all 13 games, serving as a back-up to nose guard Jeff Womble. When Womble missed both the Virginia and Wake Forest due to injury, Bunkley stepped in as starter. For the season, Bunkley ranked third among defensive lineman with 38 tackles (19 solo, 19 assisted), including eight for a loss, and also had five QB hurries, two pass break-ups, one and a half sacks and a fumble recovery. Seminoles coaches named him Co-Defensive Newcomer of the Year, along with A. J. Nicholson.

paragraph: After Womble's graduation, Bunkley took over as starting nose guard in 2004. However, he missed the second half of the season with a severe right high ankle sprain. Having only played in seven games, he finished the year with 12 tackles (three for loss), one sack and one quarterback hurry. He underwent surgery on his ankle after the season and was then ruled academically ineligible in the spring of 2005. He attended summer school, missing a portion of fall camp awaiting his grades.

paragraph: With his eligibility re-instated, Bunkley started all 13 games at nose guard for the Seminoles. He ranked second nationally in tackles for loss by any defender with 25 (behind only Dan Bazuin′s 26.5), thereby establishing a new single-season school record, surpassing Darnell Dockett′s 23.5 from the 2001 season. Bunkley also lead the Seminoles with nine sacks, was second on the team in quarterback hurries with 15, and tied for third with 39 solo tackles. He was named a FWAA team first team All-American and a CNNSI.com first team All-American.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:2006 NFL Draft.

paragraph: Projected a first-round pick, Bunkley was praised for his “tremendous first-step quickness” and “nasty attitude.” At the NFL Scouting Combine, Bunkley had an impressive 44 repetitions on the 225-pound bench press.

paragraph: On April 29, 2006, Bunkley was drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles in the first round (14th overall) of the 2006 NFL Draft. He was one of four Florida State Seminoles defensive players taken in the first round of the draft, along with Ernie Sims, Kamerion Wimbley, and Antonio Cromartie. Bunkley was also the highest selected defensive lineman since Corey Simon in 2000.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Philadelphia Eagles.

paragraph: Bunkley held out until August 4, 2006, when he agreed to a six-year contract with the Eagles.

paragraph: He was the Eagles' second-string defensive tackle during the 2006 season and played sparingly.

paragraph: On November 19, 2006, Bunkley was suspended by the Eagles for one game as a result of him missing the team flight to Indianapolis. Bunkley claimed he missed the team flight because he was picking up some fried chicken for the defensive line, as part of a rookie tradition.

paragraph: In the 2007 season, Bunkley became a starting defensive tackle for the Eagles alongside Mike Patterson. He recorded 30 tackles and three sacks. After becoming the starter in 2007, Bunkley started in every game in 2008 and 2009. In week 5 of the 2010 season, Bunkley suffered an elbow injury, but managed to play in 14 games.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Denver Broncos.

paragraph: Bunkley was traded to the Cleveland Browns in exchange for a fifth-round pick in the 2012 NFL Draft on July 30, 2011, but the trade was voided after Bunkley did not report. He was instead traded to the Denver Broncos in exchange for an unspecified pick in the 2013 NFL Draft on August 1.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New Orleans Saints.

paragraph: On March 21, 2012, Bunkley agreed to terms on a 5-year, $25 million contract with the New Orleans Saints.

paragraph: On November 25, 2012, Bunkley was ejected from a game against the San Francisco 49ers when he kicked the 49ers’ Alex Boone in the head, after Boone attempted to punch him in the groin. Bunkley was fined $20,000 for his illegal kick. Bunkley started 15 games for the Saints in 2012 and 10 games in 2013.

paragraph: In 2014 Bunkley started the first 11 games of the season, but after suffering a quadriceps injury in the Saints' game against Baltimore, he was placed on the injured reserve list on November 27, 2014. The Saints released Bunkley on July 28, 2015, following a failed physical.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:NFL statistics.

paragraph: Key

paragraph: BULLET::::- GP: games played

paragraph: BULLET::::- COMB: combined tackles

paragraph: BULLET::::- TOTAL: total tackles

paragraph: BULLET::::- AST: assisted tackles

paragraph: BULLET::::- SACK: sacks

paragraph: BULLET::::- FF: forced fumbles

paragraph: BULLET::::- FR: fumble recoveries

paragraph: BULLET::::- FR YRDS: Fumble Return Yards

paragraph: BULLET::::- INT: interceptions

paragraph: BULLET::::- IR YDS: interception return yards

paragraph: BULLET::::- AVG IR: average interception return

paragraph: BULLET::::- LNG: longest interception return

paragraph: BULLET::::- TD: interceptions returned for touchdown

paragraph: BULLET::::- PD: passes defensed

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- New Orleans Saints bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Philadelphia Eagles bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Florida State Seminoles football bio

description: Player of American football

wikidata_label: Brodrick Bunkley

wikipedia_title: Brodrick Bunkley


text:
Collier Trophy
Buckminster Fuller
Dymaxion Car
America's Cup
Olin Stephens
Boston, Massachusetts
Christmas Day
Edward Burgess
Nathanael Greene Herreshoff
Milton Academy
Marblehead, Massachusetts
Augustus Moore Herring
Glenn Curtiss
Plum Island
New England
Wright Brothers
College Park Airport
Norman Prince
Greely S. Curtis
Frank H. Russell
Burgess Company
J. W. Dunne
Royal Canadian Air Force
Collier Trophy
Burgess Company
Burgess Company
John N. Willys
Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company
J-class yacht
America's Cup
Ranger
Boston
Lewis Francis Herreshoff
Charles Francis Adams III
Columbia (schooner)
Bluenose
International Fisherman's Cup
New York City
Darien, Connecticut
Buckminster Fuller
Dymaxion car
Aluminum Company of America
Bath Iron Works
Bath Iron Works
Ranger
Harold Stirling Vanderbilt
Geerd Hendel
Stevens Institute of Technology
Hoboken, New Jersey
Mergenthaler Linotype
Mike Parker
typeface
Times New Roman
Stanley Morison
Victor Lardent
Smithsonian Institution
spina bifida
Frederic Tudor
steam launch
Tasha Tudor
Julian Hawthorne
W.Starling Burgess Papers

categories: Harvard University alumni,Collier Trophy recipients,1947 deaths,America's Cup yacht designers,1878 births,American yacht designers,Milton Academy alumni,People from Marblehead, Massachusetts,People from Boston,Naval architects

paragraph: William Starling Burgess

paragraph: William Starling Burgess (December 25, 1878 – March 19, 1947) was an American yacht designer, aviation pioneer, and naval architect. He was awarded the highest prize in aviation, the Collier Trophy in 1915, just two years after Orville Wright won it. In 1933 he partnered with Buckminster Fuller to design and build the radical Dymaxion Car. Between 1930 and 1937 he created three America's Cup winning J-Class yachts, Enterprise, Rainbow and Ranger (the latter in partnership with Olin Stephens).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Burgess was born in Boston, Massachusetts on Christmas Day, the son of yacht designer Edward Burgess and Caroline "Kitty" Sullivant. Both of Burgess' parents died within weeks of each other when he was 12, leaving him and his 3-year-old brother to be raised by relatives.

paragraph: Like his father, Starling had a great mechanical and mathematical ability and a refined sense of line, form and spatial relationship. From his mother he received a love of literature and poetry, which he regarded as the foundation for all accomplishment.

paragraph: After the death of his parents, Burgess was mentored by many of his father's colleagues, including Nathanael Greene Herreshoff. This relationship was terminated by Herreshoff when Burgess confided his aspiration to become a yacht designer himself.

paragraph: Starling attended Milton Academy, a progressive boarding school near Boston, where he became interested in aviation, designed his first sailboat, Sally II, and patented a sophisticated lightweight machine gun. Burgess graduated from Milton Academy in 1897 and entered Harvard College with the Class of 1901. As Burgess began life at Harvard, tension was building between Spain and the U.S. The sinking of an American battleship, the USS Maine, on February 15, 1898, increased the drumbeat for war, and war was declared on April 11, 1898. Starling Burgess was one of a hundred Harvard undergraduates (out of 2,400) to volunteer for military service. He enlisted in the U.S. Navy, and because of his proven expertise in weapons design, was promoted to the rank of Gunner’s Mate. He received credit for the courses he missed during this period by special vote of the Harvard faculty. For reasons not entirely clear, he left Harvard without completing his degree, and opened his own yacht design office in Boston.

paragraph: During the Spring Term of his senior year, in March 1901, The Rudder published the following notice: “We are glad to welcome into our company of advertisers Mr. Starling Burgess, a son of the celebrated designer. Mr. Burgess has opened an office at 15 Exchange Street, Boston, and is busily engaged in getting out the designs for several boats, among them being a yawl for Mr. Walter Burgess, whose many boats have been among the most interesting exhibits in this magazine. To the designing end Mr. Burgess has added the business of brokerage, and our readers will find several craft offered for sale in his advertisement.”

paragraph: A year later he partnered with Alpheus Appleton Packard to found Burgess & Packard, Naval Architects and Engineers. In the same year he designed the revolutionary 52 LOA feet scow sloop "Outlook", a highly radical racing yacht which featured a steel truss along the deck midline allowing the hull to be flat, low and light by the standards of the day. The design featured a large, balanced, club foot, self-tacking jib set on an 8 feet bowsprit supported by a dolphin striker. It was very fast and a winner against the more conventional keel boat designs of the day. In 1905 he established a yacht yard in Marblehead, Massachusetts and began designing and building yachts and boats.

paragraph: In the eyes of the rich and famous Starling was part of the "Four Hundred"-the group of long established and very rich American who were devoted to sailing as a recreation. However Starling had an awkward relationship with this rich and powerful group due to his relative lack of capital.

paragraph: In 1908 he became interested in aviation and in 1909 joined with airplane designer Augustus Moore Herring who had left Glenn Curtiss to form the Herring-Burgess Company. The Herring-Burgess Co. built the biplane Flying Fish, which flew over Plum Island on April 17, 1910, the second fully powered and controlled flight in New England. In 1911 Burgess built several planes licensed by the Wright Brothers. He crashed one while demonstrating at College Park Airport in June 1911. Norman Prince and his friends hired Burgess in 1912 to build a plane for them to race in the Gordon Bennett Cup Race.

paragraph: Herring left in 1910 and Greely S. Curtis and Frank H. Russell joined Burgess to form Burgess Company and Curtis, Inc. In 1914 the renamed Burgess Company built its first hydroplane designed by J. W. Dunne and soon was selling the Burgess-Dunne hydroplanes to the U.S.Army and the U.S. Navy. In addition, the Royal Canadian Air Force purchased a Burgess Dunne hydroplane in 1914. Burgess received the 5th Collier Trophy to be issued, in 1915 for his hydro-aeroplane. With its 800 employees, Burgess Company became the largest employer in Marblehead.

paragraph: At some point in this decade, Burgess designed what was almost certainly his most popular boat, the 14-foot "Brutal Beast." Simple enough for inexpensive mass-production, the Beasts became the dominant instructional craft of Marblehead—and other communities—into the forties.

paragraph: When the U.S. entered World War I, the Burgess Company was sold to John N. Willys (who then sold it to Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company). Burgess joined the Navy, became a Lieutenant Commander and designed planes for the Navy.

paragraph: After the war he returned to boat design and construction and later designed three successful J-class yacht defenders of the America's Cup: Enterprise in 1930, Rainbow in 1934, and Ranger in 1937.

paragraph: In 1922 he and A. Loring Swasey and Frank C. Paine formed the design firm Burgess, Swasey & Paine in Boston. Lewis Francis Herreshoff worked with them. They designed several yachts, including the Advace for John S. Lawrence, the Gosson for Charles Francis Adams III, the Columbia (schooner) that was designed to beat the Bluenose in the International Fisherman's Cup; and the ELLEN for Charles Foster. In 1926 he dissolved Burgess, Swasey & Paine and joined the firm Burgess & Morgan, Ltd in New York City. In 1930 he was commuting to NYC and living in Darien, Connecticut with his wife Else and 2 children.

paragraph: Burgess was friends with Buckminster Fuller and helped him in designing and building his aluminum Dymaxion car.

paragraph: In 1935 he became a consulting naval architect for the Aluminum Company of America with his office at the Bath Iron Works, where he promoted the use of corrosion resistant alloys for ships. He designed the Alumette which was built at the Bath Iron Works. He also designed the sailing yacht Ranger with aluminum masts for Harold Stirling Vanderbilt and he worked closely with Geerd Hendel.

paragraph: During World War II he was employed as a civilian engineer and worked for the Anti-Submarine Development Detachment of the US Atlantic Fleet. In 1946 he was working at the Stevens Institute of Technology on damage control research.

paragraph: He died on 19 March 1947 at his home in Hoboken, New Jersey.

paragraph: Section::::Possible authorship of Times New Roman.

paragraph: Former head of typographic development at Mergenthaler Linotype Mike Parker has argued that Burgess originally drew the typeface that would become Times New Roman around 1904. This claim is controversial, with the biographer of Stanley Morison, who is typically considered the co-designer of the typeface along with Victor Lardent, claiming that the theory is based on a fabrication. In 2009, Parker released Starling, a typeface based upon Burgess' alleged drawings housed at the Smithsonian Institution.

paragraph: Section::::Marriages.

paragraph: Burgess married five times. His first marriage was to Helene Adams Willard (1882–1902) in 1901. Helene, who suffered from spina bifida, committed suicide the following year. Burgess published a volume of poetry in response to this tragedy, "The Eternal Laughter and Other Poems", in 1903, with an introduction by Julian Hawthorne (Nathaniel Hawthorne's son).

paragraph: In 1904 Burgess married Rosamond Tudor (b. 1878), an artist and granddaughter of Frederic Tudor, immediately following her divorce from one of Burgess' best friends and clients, Alex Higginson. Rosamund Burgess was independent and strong-willed, one of the few American amateurs who gained their engineer's license to operate a steam launch, serving the necessary apprenticeship by firing their boat "Ox". Tudor and Burgess had three children: sons Edward (1905–1914), who drowned in Marblehead Harbor June 24, 1914, after falling off their boat and Fredrick (b. 1907) and daughter Starling (1915–2008). Starling later became a well known illustrator and children's author under the name of Tasha Tudor. After the couple's divorce in 1925 the children went to live with family friends, Gwen Hawthorne Mikkelson and Michael Mikkelson. Gwen was the daughter of Julian Hawthorne.

paragraph: Burgess married Else Foss in 1925, closed his office in Boston, and moved to New York. The couple had two children, Diana and Ann.

paragraph: He subsequently wed Nannie Dale Biddle in 1933. Ms. Biddle was the principal financial backer of the Dymaxion Car project, on which Burgess had been working with Buckminster Fuller.

paragraph: In 1937, Burgess hired Marjorie Young (1913-2005), a talented designer 25 years his junior. With his encouragement, she designed and built a 25' sloop, "Pomelian" for her own use. Rudder Magazine proclaimed her "the only female naval architect in America" in 1940. the couple worked together on projects for the Navy throughout World War II, and married in 1945. A friend of Ms.Young described Burgess: "With all his brilliance, he is a child, and that is part of his charm. He will not face hard facts, but will hide from them and will love the person who shields him from them."

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- W.Starling Burgess Papers, at Mystic Seaport

description: Yacht designer

wikidata_label: William Starling Burgess

wikipedia_title: William Starling Burgess


text:
pitcher
St. Louis Cardinals
2002 Major League Baseball Draft
Texas Rangers
Florissant, Missouri
Hazelwood West High School
Johnson City
starting pitcher
Tommy John surgery
spring training
holds
Adam Wainwright
Edwin Jackson
labrum
split in the right shoulder capsule
Texas Rangers
Round Rock Express
Frisco RoughRiders
Maryland Heights, Missouri
Mother's Day
McClellan player profile at Scout.com

categories: Texas Rangers players,Johnson City Cardinals players,Swing of the Quad Cities players,Palm Beach Cardinals players,Living people,Sportspeople from St. Louis County, Missouri,1984 births,Peoria Chiefs players,Baseball players from Missouri,Springfield Cardinals players,Round Rock Express players,St. Louis Cardinals players,Major League Baseball pitchers,Frisco RoughRiders players

paragraph: Kyle McClellan

paragraph: Kyle William McClellan (born June 12, 1984) is a retired professional baseball pitcher. McClellan was drafted by the St. Louis Cardinals in the 25th round of the 2002 Major League Baseball Draft. He also played for the Texas Rangers.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Kyle McClellan was born in Florissant, Missouri and grew up in the St. Louis metro area. He graduated from suburban Hazelwood West High School in 2002. While there he was a three-sport athlete, lettering in football, basketball, and baseball. McClellan was a two-time All-State selection at both pitcher and first base. McClellan's older brother Matt served as his high school pitching coach.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: McClellan signed with the Cardinals after being drafted by the club in 2002 and made his professional debut with St. Louis' rookie franchise in Johnson City. He started out as a relief pitcher but in 2003 and 2004 pitched exclusively as a starting pitcher. In 2005, McClellan made appearances out of the bullpen again until being sidelined by a torn ligament in his right elbow on July 1. McClellan underwent Tommy John surgery on July 22, 2005. After recovery and rehab from the procedure he returned to pitching in 2006 and continued to advance through the Cardinals Single-A and Double-A farm teams, returning to full-time relief pitching.

paragraph: In 2008, after a strong spring training, McClellan made the Cardinals' major league roster. McClellan is only the second player from St. Louis' 2002 draft to make the big leagues. He was the major league leader in holds through August with 29 and finished the season tied for second in the majors with 30.

paragraph: In 2011, McClellan earned a spot in the starting rotation after Adam Wainwright was forced to miss the entire season for Tommy John surgery. He made several starts until July, when the Cardinals acquired Edwin Jackson. Sent to the bullpen, McClellan made eleven relief appearances in the month of August, allowing only one run. Pitching more innings than any other reliever in baseball that month took a toll, however. By September, arm fatigue set in and he was left off the Cardinals' divisional playoff and World Series roster.

paragraph: McClellan suffered another career setback with the Cardinals in July 2012. While recovering from elbow strain, he was attempting a throwing session at Busch Stadium when he experienced pain in the right shoulder. Exploratory surgery indicated a frayed labrum and a split in the right shoulder capsule, both requiring months of rehab following surgical repair. The injury left McClellan's future as a Cardinal in doubt. On November 13, 2012, McClellan was given his unconditional release by the Cardinals.

paragraph: On January 15, 2013, McClellan signed a minor league deal (with invitation to spring training) with the Texas Rangers. He played for the Rangers' Triple A affiliate Round Rock Express and Double-A affiliate Frisco RoughRiders, before his contract was purchased by the Rangers on June 9, and he was brought up to the major leagues. McClellan made what would prove to be his final major league appearance on June 29, 2013 and was designated for assignment on July 2, 2013.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: McClellan and his wife, Bridget, make their home in Maryland Heights, Missouri. They are the parents of Olivia Grace, born one week after Mother's Day in 2011. When not involved in baseball, McClellan is an avid hunter and fisherman. McClellan's older brother, Matt, is currently the athletic director at Hazelwood West High School in Hazelwood, MO, where Kyle graduated.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- McClellan player profile at Scout.com

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Kyle McClellan

wikipedia_title: Kyle McClellan


text:
American
songwriter
producer
Bonnie Bramlett
Delaney & Bonnie & Friends
Pontotoc, Mississippi
United States Navy
Los Angeles, California
singer-songwriter
Mac Davis
Jackie DeShannon
house band
television show
Shindig!
J.J. Cale
Leon Russell
solo
singles
British
Eric Clapton
Eric Clapton
King Curtis
George Harrison
Beatles
slide guitar
hit
My Sweet Lord
Joe Cocker
Jimi Hendrix
Janis Joplin
Billy Preston
John Lennon
Everly Brothers
Spooner Oldham
Steve Cropper
Billy Burnette
Leon Russell
King Curtis
Duane Allman
Gregg Allman
Dave Mason
Rita Coolidge
Carl Radle
Jim Gordon
Bobby Whitlock
Jim Keltner
Bobby Keys
Gram Parsons
duet
Jerry Lee Lewis
Last Man Standing
Never Ending Song of Love
RV
A Good Year
Bonnie Bramlett
Bekka Bramlett
Fleetwood Mac
gall bladder
Los Angeles
California
Forest Lawn, Hollywood Hills Cemetery
Home
Stax
Accept No Substitute
Elektra
On Tour with Eric Clapton
Atco
To Bonnie from Delaney
Motel Shot
Country Life
D&B Together
Columbia
The Best of Delaney & Bonnie
MGM
The Best of Delaney & Bonnie
Rhino
Elvin Bishop
The Crickets
Eric Clapton
Eric Clapton
Leon Russell
Dave Mason
Alone Together
John Simon
John Hammond Jr
The History of Eric Clapton
Eric Clapton at His Best
Duane Allman
An Anthology
Everly Brothers
Jerry Lee Lewis
Pacific Gas & Electric
Free Creek
Commander Cody
Crossroads
Phil Driscoll
Hank Thompson
National
dobro
Ian Whitcomb
T. Graham Brown
Last Man Standing
Allmusic
Delaney Bramlett
MySpace

categories: Songwriters from Mississippi,2008 deaths,Delaney & Bonnie & Friends members,20th-century American guitarists,American male singers,American rock guitarists,Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills),Guitarists from Mississippi,People from Pontotoc, Mississippi,20th-century American singers,Record producers from California,1939 births,American male guitarists

paragraph: Delaney Bramlett

paragraph: Delaine Alvin "Delaney" Bramlett (July 1, 1939 – December 27, 2008) was an American singer, songwriter, musician, and producer. Bramlett's five-decade career reached peaks in creativity, performance, and fame in partnership with his then-wife, Bonnie Bramlett, in a revolving troupe of professional musicians and rock superstars known as Delaney & Bonnie & Friends.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Bramlett was born in Pontotoc, Mississippi. After a stint in the United States Navy, he moved to Los Angeles, California, in the early 1960s, where he established himself as a singer-songwriter, writing with fellow musicians Joey Cooper, Mac Davis, and Jackie DeShannon.

paragraph: By 1965, Bramlett was a regular member of the Shindogs, the house band of the television show "Shindig!". During this time, he worked with J.J. Cale and Leon Russell and released some unsuccessful solo singles.One of these, "Guess I Must Be Dreamin'", entered the Cashbox "Looking Ahead" survey on May 14, 1967.

paragraph: In the late 1960s, British guitarist Eric Clapton joined Delaney & Bonnie & Friends on tour, after which Bramlett produced and co-wrote songs for Clapton's debut solo album, "Eric Clapton". Clapton has credited Bramlett for pushing him to sing and teaching him the art of rock vocals. Bramlett produced King Curtis's last album, which produced two hit singles, "Teasin'" and "Lonesome Long Way from Home".

paragraph: Bramlett taught George Harrison, who was then with the Beatles, to play slide guitar, which resulted in Harrison's hit "My Sweet Lord". Bramlett wrote, recorded, or appeared on stage with many notable performers, including Joe Cocker, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Billy Preston, John Lennon, the Everly Brothers, Spooner Oldham, Steve Cropper and Billy Burnette. Members of the Friends appearing in concert or recording with Bramlett on Friends albums include Clapton, Harrison, Leon Russell, King Curtis, Duane Allman, Gregg Allman, Dave Mason, Rita Coolidge, Carl Radle, Jim Gordon, Bobby Whitlock, Jim Keltner, Bobby Keys, and Gram Parsons.

paragraph: In 2006, Bramlett was one of the duet artists on the Jerry Lee Lewis album "Last Man Standing", singing and playing guitar on "Lost Highway". In 2008, the year of his death, Bramlett released his first CD in six years, "A New Kind of Blues".

paragraph: The Bramletts' "Never Ending Song of Love" has been covered by others and was used on the soundtrack of the films "RV" and "A Good Year". Bramlett co-wrote Clapton's hit song "Let It Rain".

paragraph: Bramlett was inducted into the Mississippi Musicians Hall of Fame on January 18, 2011.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life and death.

paragraph: Delaney was married to Bonnie Bramlett, his co-band leader, and together they had a daughter Bekka Bramlett, who was briefly a member of Fleetwood Mac in the mid 1990s and has had a long career as a vocalist, backing various country and pop artists and releasing several solo albums. Delaney and Bonnie divorced in 1972 and ended their musical partnership as well; though they still occasionally collaborated on one-off performances and projects.

paragraph: Described in an obituary as a Southern legend, Bramlett died from complications of gall bladder surgery on December 27, 2008, in Los Angeles, California. He was buried at Forest Lawn, Hollywood Hills Cemetery in Los Angeles.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1969: "Home" (Stax STS-2026)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1969: "Accept No Substitute" [AKA "The Original Delaney & Bonnie"] (Elektra EKS-74039)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970: "Delaney & Bonnie & Friends On Tour with Eric Clapton" (Atco SD 33-326)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970: "To Bonnie from Delaney" (Atco SD 33-341)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1971: "Genesis" (early recordings from 1964-1965 and 1967) (GNP Crescendo GNPS-2054)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1971: "Motel Shot" (Atco SD 33-358)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972: "Country Life" (Atco SD 33-383)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972: "D&B Together" (Columbia KC-31377) -note: reissue of "Country Life".

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972: "The Best of Delaney & Bonnie" (Atco SD-7014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972: "Some Things Coming" (Columbia KC-31631)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1973: "Mobius Strip" (Columbia KC-32420)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1975: "Giving Birth To A Song" (MGM SE-5011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1977: "Class Reunion" (Prodigal P6-10017-S1)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1990: "The Best of Delaney & Bonnie" (Rhino R2-70777)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998: "Sounds From Home" (Zane ZN-1013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004: "Sweet Inspiration" (rec. 1989) (Lemon LEM-36)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007: "A New Kind of Blues" (Magnolia Gold MGR-7181)

paragraph: Section::::Other credits.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1969: Elvin Bishop, "Best of Elvin Bishop": "Tulsa Shuffle" - Rhythm guitar, background vocals, producer

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970: The Crickets, "Rockin' 50's Rock 'n' Roll" - Producer

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970: Elvin Bishop, "Best of Elvin Bishop": "Crabshaw" - Producer

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970: Eric Clapton, "Eric Clapton" - Arranger, rhythm guitar, background vocals, producer

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970: Leon Russell, "Leon Russell" - Guitar

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970: Dave Mason, "Alone Together" - Guitar, vocals

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1971: John Simon, "John Simon's Album" - Tambourine

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972: Elvin Bishop," Rock My Soul" - Guitar, vocals, producer

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972: John Hammond Jr, "I'm Satisfied" - Producer, vocals, guitar

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972: Eric Clapton, "The History of Eric Clapton" - Guitar, vocals

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972: Eric Clapton, "Eric Clapton at His Best" - Producer

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972: Duane Allman, "An Anthology" - Rhythm guitar, vocals, producer

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972: Everly Brothers, "Stories We Could Tell" - Guitar, vocals

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1973: Jerry Lee Lewis, "Sometimes a Memory Ain't Enough" - Guitar, vocals

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1973: Pacific Gas & Electric, "Best" - Producer

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1973: John Ussery, "Ussery" - Percussion, producer, slide guitar

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1974: Duane Allman, "An Anthology Vol. II" - Guitar, vocals

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1976: Free Creek, "Summit Meeting" - Guitar

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1978: Commander Cody, "Flying Dreams" - Vocals

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1978: Dann Rogers, "Hearts Under Fire" - Background vocals

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1982: Eric Clapton, "" - Rhythm guitar, producer

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1988: Eric Clapton, "Crossroads" - Guitar, vocals, producer, horn arrangements

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1991: Zoo, "Shakin' the Cage" - Background vocals

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992: Phil Driscoll, "Picture Changes" - Background vocals

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1992: Classic Rock "Classic Rock" [Cema] - Producer

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996: "Heroes of Country Music, Vol. 5" - Vocals, producer

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997: Hank Thompson, "Hank, Real Thing" - Background vocals, National dobro

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998: Ian Whitcomb, "You Turn Me On: The Very Best of Ian Whitcomb" - Bass guitar

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998: T. Graham Brown, "Wine into Water" - Guitar, vocals

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999: Dave Mason, "Ultimate Collection" - Background vocals

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006: Jerry Lee Lewis, "Last Man Standing", "Lost Highway" - Vocals

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006: (performer: "Attention to Me", "Coffee", "I Had to Come Back", "Something's Gotta Be Wrong") / (writer: "Attention to Me", "Coffee", "I Had to Come Back", "Something's Gotta Be Wrong")

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- [ Delaney Bramlett biography] at Allmusic

paragraph: BULLET::::- Delaney Bramlett at MySpace

description: American singer, songwriter, musician, and record producer

wikidata_label: Delaney Bramlett

wikipedia_title: Delaney Bramlett


text: German

text: SPD

text: Free State of Lippe

text: North Rhine-Westphalia

text: Schaumburg-Lippe

text: Lower Saxony

text: Lemgo

text: Detmold

categories: 1881 births,1970 deaths,Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians,Members of the Reichstag of the Weimar Republic

paragraph: Heinrich Drake

paragraph: Heinrich Drake (December 20, 1881 – June 12, 1970) was a German politician (SPD). He was President of the Free State of Lippe from 1925-1933 and again from 1945-1947, until Lippe was incorporated into the new state of North Rhine-Westphalia. For a short period in 1945/46, he also served as President of the neighbouring state of Schaumburg-Lippe, which later became part of Lower Saxony. He was born in Lemgo and died in Detmold.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Westfälische Geschichte: Biography – Heinrich Drake

description: German politician

wikidata_label: Heinrich Drake

wikipedia_title: Heinrich Drake


text: Polish

text: writer

text: journalist

text: publisher

text: Polish Armed Forces in the West

text: World War II

text: battle of Monte Cassino

text: Kalużyce

text: Minsk Governorate

text: Russian Empire

text: Byerazino Raion

text: Minsk Region

text: Belarus

text: Warsaw

text: Jagiellonian University

text: Kraków

text: Riflemen Union

text: First World War

text: Polish I Corps in Russia

text: Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki

text: Polish Ministry of Internal Affairs

text: interwar period

text: LOT airlines

text: German invasion of Poland

text: Romania

text: Polish Armed Forces in the West

text: battle of Monte Cassino

text: Krystyna Wańkowicz

text: Armia Krajowa

text: Warsaw Uprising

text: United States

text: communist Poland

text: Berling Army

text: battle of Monte Cassino

text: Anders Army

text: fall of communism

text: letter of 34

text: censorship

text: slander

text: Radio Free Europe

text: Sztafeta

text: Wrzesień żagwiący

text: Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm

text: ulica Nowy Świat

text: Warsaw

text: Gawęda

text: Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm

text: Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm

text: Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm

text: Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm

text: Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm

text: Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm

text: Correspondences between Wańkowicz and

text: Jerzy Giedroyc

text: Sarmatian Review

text: Melchior Wankowicz

text: MELCHIOR WAŃKOWICZ

text: Melchior Wańkowicz (1892-1974)

text: Gazeta Wyborcza

text: Melchior Wańkowicz

text: Melchior Wańkowicz

categories: 1974 deaths,Polish non-fiction writers,Polish journalists,People from Minsk Governorate,Polish people of World War II,Polish publishers (people),1892 births,Polish people of World War I,People from Byerazino District

paragraph: Melchior Wańkowicz

paragraph: Melchior Wańkowicz (10 January 1892 – 10 September 1974) was a Polish army officer, popular writer, political journalist and publisher. He is most famous for his reporting for the Polish Armed Forces in the West during World War II and writing a book about the battle of Monte Cassino.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Melchior Wańkowicz was born on 10 January 1892 in Kalużyce in the Minsk Governorate of the Russian Empire, now Kolyuzhitsa, Byerazino Raion, Minsk Region, Belarus. He attended school in Warsaw, then the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, which he graduated from in 1922. An activist in the Polish independence movement, he was an officer in the Riflemen Union (Związek Strzelecki). During the First World War he fought in the Polish I Corps in Russia under General Józef Dowbor-Muśnicki.

paragraph: After the war he worked as a journalist, for a time working as a chief of the press department in the Polish Ministry of Internal Affairs. In 1926 he founded a publishing agency, "Rój". He also worked in the advertising business, coining a popular slogan for the product advertisement of sugar - "cukier krzepi" (Sugar Invigorates). He wrote three books during the interwar period, all of them gaining him increasing fame and popularity. A few decades later he coined another famous slogan - "LOTem bliżej" ("closer with LOT"), advertising the Polish LOT airlines.

paragraph: After the German invasion of Poland he lived for a while in Romania, where he wrote about the events of the Polish September. Later, from 1943 to 1946 he undertook what would be perhaps his most famous endeavour - he became a war correspondent for the Polish Armed Forces in the West. Later he wrote an account of the battle of Monte Cassino, his most famous book. One of his daughters, Krystyna Wańkowicz, died as a member of Polish resistance Armia Krajowa during the Warsaw Uprising in 1944.

paragraph: From 1949 to 1958 he lived in the United States, afterwards returning to communist Poland. He opposed the communist regime, writing and lecturing about the Polish Forces in the West (whose participation was minimized by the government, which tried to emphasize the role of the Soviet-aligned Berling Army). His most known work is a three tome book about the battle of Monte Cassino, a tribute to the soldiers of the Anders Army - a book that was published in Poland only in a shortened, censored form (until the fall of communism in 1990).

paragraph: After he cosigned the letter of 34 in 1964, protesting against the censorship, he was repressed by the government - the publication of his works was prohibited, and he was himself arrested, charged with slander of Poland and "spreading anti-Polish propaganda abroad" (partially due to the publication of some of his works by Radio Free Europe, but the chief evidence was a private letter to his daughter living in the USA) and sentenced to three years of imprisonment. However the sentence was never executed, and he was rehabilitated in 1990, after the fall of communism in Poland.

paragraph: Wańkowicz died on 10 September 1974 in Warsaw.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Anoda-katoda"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bitwa o Monte Cassino" (t. 1-3 1945-47)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "C.O.P – ognisko siły" (1938)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Czerwień i Amarant"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "De profundis"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Drogą do Urzędowa" (1955)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dwie prawdy" (połączone w jednym wydaniu dwie rzeczy: "Hubalczycy" i "Westerplatte")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dzieje rodziny Korzeniewskich"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hubalczycy" (1959)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Karafka La Fontaine'a" (t. 1 1972, t. 2 pośm. 1980)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kaźń Mikołaja II "

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Klub trzeciego miejsca" (1949)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kundlizm" (1947)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Monte Cassino" (skróc. wyd. krajowe "Bitwy o Monte Cassino", 1957)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Na tropach Smętka" (1936)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Od Stołpców po Kair" (1969)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Opierzona rewolucja" (1934)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Polacy i Ameryka"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Prosto od krowy" (1965)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Przez cztery klimaty 1912-1972" (1972)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Reportaże zagraniczne"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Strzępy epopei"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Szczenięce lata" (1934)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Szkice spod Monte Cassino" (1969)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Szpital w Cichiniczach" (1925)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sztafeta" (1939)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tędy i owędy" (1961)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tworzywo" (Nowy Jork 1954, wyd. kraj. 1960)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "W kościołach Meksyku" (1927)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "W ślady Kolumba" (cz. 1 "Atlantyk-Pacyfik" 1967, cz. 2 "Królik i oceany" 1968, cz. 3 "W pępku Ameryki" 1969)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Walczący Gryf" (1963)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Westerplatte" (1959)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wojna i pióro" (1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wrzesień żagwiący" (1947)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ziele na kraterze" (1951, wyd. krajowe 1957)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zupa na gwoździu" (1967, wyd. 3 pt. "Zupa na gwoździu – doprawiona" 1972)

paragraph: Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm has written introductions, footnotes, etc., to:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Melchior Wankowicz, "Reportaze zagraniczne" (Reportage from Abroad), Kraków, 1981,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Series: "Dziela emigracyjne i przedwojenne Melchiora Wankowicza" (8 titles), Warsaw, 1989–1995

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Korespondencja Krystyny i Melchiora Wankowiczow" (Correspondence between Krystyna and Melchior Wankowicz), Warsaw, 1992,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jerzy Giedroyc and Melchior Wankowicz, "Listy 1945-1963" (Series: "Archiwum Kultury"; correspondence between Jerzy Giedroyc and Melchior Wankowicz), Warsaw, 2000,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "King i Krolik. Korespondencja Zofii i Melchiora Wankowiczow" (correspondence between Zofia and Melchior Wankowicz), Warsaw, 2004, 2 Volumes, ; .

paragraph: BULLET::::- " Series: Dziela Wszystkie Melchiora Wankowicza, 16 volumes, Warsaw, 2009-2011

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: A private journalism school on "ulica Nowy Świat" in Warsaw, the Higher School of Journalism, founded in 1995, is named after Wańkowicz.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gawęda, a genre of Polish folk literature

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mieczyslaw Kurzyna, "O Wańkowiczu nie wszystko", Warsaw, 1975

paragraph: BULLET::::- Krzysztof Kakolewski, "Wańkowicz krzepi", Warsaw, 1977

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm, "Blisko Wańkowicza" (Near Wańkowicz), Kraków, 1975, 1978, 1988,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm, "Z miejsca na miejsce" (From Place to Place), Kraków, 1983, Warsaw, 1986, 1997,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm, "Na tropach Wańkowicza", Warsaw, 1989, 1999,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm, "Process M. Wańkowicza 1964 roku" (The 1964 Trial of M. Wańkowicz), Warsaw, 1990,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm, "Na tropach Wańkowicza po latach" [On the Trail of Wańkowicz, after Many Years], Warsaw, 2009. . See:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aleksandra Ziolkowska-Boehm, "Melchior Wańkowicz: Poland’s Master of the Written Word", Lanham, MD 2013, See:, .

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Correspondences between Wańkowicz and Jerzy Giedroyc "Sarmatian Review" September 1999

paragraph: BULLET::::- Boguslaw Wlodawiec, Melchior Wankowicz

paragraph: BULLET::::- MELCHIOR WAŃKOWICZ, culture.pl

paragraph: BULLET::::- Melchior Wańkowicz (1892-1974), Gazeta Wyborcza, 2004-12-22

paragraph: BULLET::::- Melchior Wańkowicz, biography in "Tworzywo", an online monthly of Wyższa Szkoła Dziennikarska im. Melchiora Wańkowicza

paragraph: BULLET::::- Melchior Wańkowicz in Encyklopedia WIEM

description: Polish politician

wikidata_label: Melchior Wańkowicz

wikipedia_title: Melchior Wańkowicz


text: American Civil War

text: medical jurisprudence

text: mental health

text: patron

text: endowments

text: American Revolution

text: military medicine

text: John Ordronaux

text: privateer

text: War of 1812

text: Dartmouth College

text: Harvard Law School

text: National Medical School

text: Holy Orders

text: Columbia Law School

text: Dartmouth College

text: The University of Vermont

text: Boston University

text: American Civil War

text: United States Sanitary Commission

text: Roman Empire

text: Asia

text: United States Sanitary Commission

text: Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum

text: Scuola Medica Salernitana

text: Salerno

text: Italy

text: Aphorisms of Hippocrates

text: Hippocrates

text: Galen

text: New York State Commission in Lunacy

text: Statute

text: Common Law

text: Commissioner in Lunacy

text: New York State Senate

text: Congress

text: State legislatures

text: Mayflower

text: settlers

text: Buenos Aires

text: Great Britain

text: Argentina

text: Falkland Islands

text: University of Vermont

text: Constitution

text: apoplexy

text: Roslyn, New York

text: Trinity College

text: Hartford, Connecticut

text: University of Vermont

text: Episcopal Diocese of Long Island

categories: Medical academics,Medical jurisprudence,1908 deaths,Columbia Law School faculty,Physicians from New York (state),American military doctors,1830 births,Mental health professionals,Harvard Law School alumni,American Civil War surgeons,Dartmouth College alumni

paragraph: John Ordronaux (doctor)

paragraph: John Ordronaux (1830 – January 20, 1908) was an American Civil War army surgeon, a professor of medical jurisprudence, a pioneering mental health commissioner and a generous patron of university endowments. Between 1859 and 1901 Ordronaux published at least fifteen books and articles about subjects as diverse as heroes of the American Revolution of 1776, military medicine, medical jurisprudence, mental health, United States constitutional law and historical treatises. He left an estate worth $2,757,000 much of which he gave in endowments to several US universities and other institutions. He did not marry.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Ordronaux was the only son of Captain John Ordronaux (a notable privateer of the War of 1812), and his wife Jean Marie Elizabeth Ordronaux (née Charretton). This is supported by the younger Ordronaux's will which mentions a bequest to his sister Florine, and to his nieces Clara and May Molan, matching genealogical information prepared by an Ordronaux family member.

paragraph: He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1850, from Harvard Law School in 1852, and from the National Medical School in 1859. In 1859 he published his first book a "Eulogy on the life and character of Rev. Zachariah Greene", who, before taking Holy Orders, had fought under Washington in the revolution of 1776 at the age of seventeen. In 1860 Ordronaux became a Professor of medical jurisprudence at Columbia Law School, a post that he held until 1887. Since 1861 he had also been a lecturer at Dartmouth College, The University of Vermont and Boston University.

paragraph: Section::::American Civil War.

paragraph: During the American Civil War Ordronaux served as an army surgeon stationed in New York. He also acted as a military medical advisor and between 1861 and 1863 he published two textbooks on the health of armies, and an instruction manual of medical criteria for examining recruits. In the introduction to the latter, which was written for the United States Sanitary Commission, he said, The preservation of health in armies, is everywhere a subject of recognized importance. So much, in fact, depends upon it, that precautionary measures in this behalf can never be exaggerated. All that can be done, should be done to protect troops against preventable disease. It seems to have been formerly believed, that the presence of a surgeon in each regiment was all sufficient for this purpose ; and that officers and men could go their way free from any responsibility or apprehension on that score. But experience has proved that the preservation of health, in either one man, or many, is not purely objective with surgeons. Too much, in this particular, is expected from them, and too little is done by officers to cooperate with them. Armies, like patients, must act in concert with their medical advisers, and make the matter of health subjective as well as objective. Officers and men need an insight into the general principles of hygiene, in order to be able to assist, themselves, in furthering prophylactic measures. To supply them with the requisite amount of information, the accompanying popular manual has therefore been prepared.

paragraph: In 1863 he wrote a historical treatise in French (with Reinaud) on the commercial and political relations between the Roman Empire and the countries of Oriental Asia. In 1864 he wrote a second report for the United States Sanitary Commission. This concerned pensions for the war wounded and was subtitled, "On a system for the economical relief of disabled soldiers, and on certain proposed amendments to our present pension laws".

paragraph: Section::::After the war.

paragraph: After the war he returned to Columbia Law School and began writing again. Between 1867 and 1871 he produced a book on preventative medicine and two textbooks on medical jurisprudence. He also translated into English verse the medieval Latin text of Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum, the medical encyclopedia of the Scuola Medica Salernitana. in Salerno, Italy was the pre-eminent medical school in Europe in the 11th century. This was not the first English translation but an attempt to make a medically accurate one. He appears to have done this as a tribute to former members of his profession and in an introduction to his work he said, "Regimen Sanitatis Salerni" was a work of transcendent merit. Though written in the early twilight of the Middle Ages and in inferior Latin, it at once took its place alongside of such classic productions as the Aphorisms of Hippocrates. No secular work, indeed, ever met with more popular favor, nor infused its canons so radically into the dogmas of any science. It was for ages the medical Bible of all Western Europe, and held undisputed sway over the teachings of its schools, next to the writings of Hippocrates and Galen.

paragraph: Section::::Work on mental health.

paragraph: Ordronaux developed an interest in mental health and between 1872 and 1882 he was a member of the New York State Commission in Lunacy writing two books on the subject. The second of these books mentions the opening of a ground breaking mental hospital and in his preface to the book he says, The recent establishment of a department of Lunacy supervision by the State of New York, has turned public attention to it as a source for consultation, in the application of our Statute and Common Law to the legal relations of the insane...Insanity is a subject which touches our civil rights at so many different points, that it may be said to have a place in every problem involving human responsibility. It begins with man in the cradle, and follows him to the grave. It is often part of his physical heritage, and may become a qualifying element in all his civil acts. To collect and embody in one treatise the principles of law by which courts govern their adjudications in questions of mental incapacity, and to expound through commentaries both the philosophy of these decisions and the rules of procedure under which they are rendered, is the object aimed at in this manual of Lunacy practice.

paragraph: Ordronaux's activity as a Commissioner was frequently mentioned in the press. In 1875, he was called in to adjudicate whether a man, who was under sentence of death for murder, was insane. The same newspaper reported again on 7 January 1876 how Ordronaux had found that Kings County Lunatic Asylum was being mismanaged by the charity commissioners (17). He also investigated complaints from two inmates in Buffalo asylum of abusive behaviour by their carers. In his report Ordronaux upheld the complaints and recommended the discharge of the two staff involved. By 1882 his forward thinking and outspokenness had made him some enemies and in 1882 his salary of $4000 as Commissioner in Lunacy was temporarily opposed in debate in the finance committee of the New York State Senate.

paragraph: Section::::U.S. Constitution.

paragraph: Ordronaux's work on State law in New York led him to consider its relationship with Federal law, and in 1891 he published what may be his most important book, on the relationship between the powers of Congress and State legislatures. About this book of more than 600 pages, Ordonaux said in the preface, The accompanying work is an attempt to present in a concrete form the entire system of Federal and State legislation, as practised under a written Constitution in the United States. Its object is to expound those administrative powers which, in our dual form of representative government, are sovereign within their several spheres of action...A written Constitution is a political grammar to whose rules administrative laws must conform, in order to give them judicial validity...The government of forty four independent States, dwelling in harmonious relations under a supervisory Federal sovereignty, would seem, therefore, to justify the treatment of Legislation as a

paragraph: department of jurisprudence meriting more textual consideration than it has yet received...the present treatise has been prepared to meet the wants of those who, desiring to practise or interpret the canons of representative government in the United States, may seek to master the secrets of its architecture through a study of the labors of its founders, and to trace its genesis and development to a providential origin in the Spartan Commonwealths of our colonial period.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: In 1898 Ordronaux wrote a biography of a Leonice Sampson Moulton, a presumed relative of his foster father, possibly his foster mother. She was born in 1811 and descended from the original Mayflower settlers to America. As Miss Sampson, she was sent on a secret mission to the US embassy in Buenos Aires to enquire into the sovereignty dispute between Great Britain and Argentina over the Falkland Islands. She is interesting according to Ordronaux for, among other things, keeping a very detailed diary which was far more comprehensive than the logs of the ships upon which she travelled.

paragraph: On 27 June 1901 Ordronaux addressed the graduate students of The University of Vermont. Reading like a tribute to his own life's work he says, A strange feeling possesses me as I rise to address you...I am here to perform, with much surprise to myself, the same duty which devolved upon me, on a similar occasion, thirty six years ago...I stand in the presence of two distinct periods with all their differing and startling results. In this long interval, too long to be measured by the standard of months, and falling more properly in the category of cycles, the drama of human society has moved with accelerated pace. A generation has acted its part of good and evil, then passed to its final account. Science, the industrial art, Education, Commerce, Navigation, have all spread their wings as never before. Our country has added nine states to the framework of our Federal Union, and buttressed its Constitution with armor plated Amendments whose necessity had never been contemplated. Our very name, the United States, has changed its former significance and been adjudicated by our highest Appellate Tribunal to be no longer a plural substantive, but a noun in the singular number describing a nation of political equals, and not a league or partnership of States.

paragraph: Ordronaux died of "apoplexy" at his home, Glen Head, in Roslyn, New York on 20 January 1908. His estate was initially valued at nearly $1,000,000. A large part of his bequests were to hospitals, universities, churches and other public institutions. These included $30,000 to Dartmouth College and $10,000 each to Trinity College, Hartford, Connecticut, The University of Vermont and the Episcopal Diocese of Long Island. However, the "New York Times" reported on 8 August 1908 that Ordronaux's total estate amounted to $2,757,000, the bulk of which was left to his three surviving sisters.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Eulogy on the life and character of Rev. Zachariah Greene". Open Library online document

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hints on health in armies". Open Library online document

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Manual of instructions for military surgeons on the examination of recruits". Internet Archive online document

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Relations politiques et commerciales de l'Empire romain avec l'Asie". Internet Archive online document

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Report to the U.S. Sanitary Commission - On a system for the economical relief of disabled soldiers". Open Library online document

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Prophylaxis, an anniversary oration". Open Library online document

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Jurisprudence of Medicine in Its Relation to the Law of Contracts, Torts". Internet Archive online document

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Code of Health of the School of Salernum: Translated Into English Verse". Internet Archive online document

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Constitutional legislation in the United States". Open Library online document

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Memoir of Leonice Marston Sampson Moulton". Open Library online document

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Address delivered to the medical graduates of the University of Vermont at their commencement". Internet Archive online document

wikidata_label: John Ordronaux

wikipedia_title: John Ordronaux (doctor)


text:
autodidact
mathematician
Scotland
John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll
Andrew Michael Ramsay
Principia
Fellow of the Royal Society
Philosophical Transactions
A New Mathematical Dictionary
Christian Wolff
a translation into English
Euclid's Elements
L'Hôpital
Isaac Barrow
Geometrical Lectures
Isaac Newton

categories: 1700 births,1768 deaths,18th-century mathematicians,18th-century Scottish people

paragraph: Edmund Stone

paragraph: Edmund Stone (c. 1700 – c. 1768) was an autodidact mathematician from Scotland in the 18th century.

paragraph: Section::::Life and work.

paragraph: Practically nothing is known about the life of Edmund Stone. He was the son of the gardener of John Campbell, 2nd Duke of Argyll. He learned reading, Latin, French and mathematics by himself. According to his contemporary Andrew Michael Ramsay, the Duke found a copy of Newton's "Principia" in the grass in his garden, and was astonished to find it belonged to the 18 year old Stone. The Duke became his patron.

paragraph: Under the Duke's protection, Stone arrived in London in 1723 and published his first book: "Treatise on Mathematical Instruments". In 1725 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society.

paragraph: In the following years he published some papers in the "Philosophical Transactions". His book "A New Mathematical Dictionary" appeared in 1726, and was drawn in part from the Latin versions of the German philosopher Christian Wolff's mathematical works.

paragraph: He also published a translation into English of "Euclid's Elements" (London: 1728) and "The Method of Fluxions, both Direct and Inverse" (London: 1730). The first part of the "Method of Fluxions" is a translation of the book by L'Hôpital. Stone translated Isaac Barrow's "Geometrical Lectures" (London: 1735) from "Lectiones Opticae et Geometricae" (1669) which had originally been revised, corrected, and amended in Latin by Sir Isaac Newton.

paragraph: From 1743, the death of the Duke, he seems to have lived in absolute poverty.

description: Scottish mathematician

wikidata_label: Edmund Stone

wikipedia_title: Edmund Stone


text: Belgian

text: Charleroi

text: Académie royale des beaux-arts

text: Brussels

text: Henry van de Velde

text: Weissenhof Estate

text: Stuttgart

text: Ixelles

text: Koekelberg

text: Sint-Agatha-Berchem

text: cooperative

text: social housing

text: Koekelberg

text: Sint-Agatha-Berchem

text: Weissenhof Estate

text: Oscar Jespers

text: Brussels International Exposition

text: Sint-Genesius-Rode

text: Belgian Pavilion

text: New York World's Fair

text: Henry van de Velde

text: Ostend

text: Nivelles

text: Expo 58

categories: Modernist architects,1897 births,People from Charleroi,1962 deaths,International style architects,20th-century Belgian architects

paragraph: Victor Bourgeois

paragraph: Victor Bourgeois (29 August 1897 – 24 July 1962) was a Belgian architect and urban planner, considered the greatest Belgian modernist architect.

paragraph: Bourgeois was born in Charleroi and studied at the Académie royale des beaux-arts in Brussels from 1914 through 1918, and was mentored by Henry van de Velde. Together with his brother Pierre Bourgeois, he founded several magazines, including "7 Arts" (1922–1928).

paragraph: In 1927 Bourgeois became the only Belgian invited to design a house for the Weissenhof Estate exhibition in Stuttgart, and the following year Bourgeois was a delegate to the first meeting of the Congrès international d'architecture moderne and a founding member of that organization.

paragraph: He died on 24 July 1962 in Ixelles.

paragraph: Section::::Cité Moderne.

paragraph: Bourgeois's first important architectural work was a group of houses in the Rue du Cubisme in Koekelberg (Brussels Region), showing the direct influence of the Dutch modernists. His largest project was built between 1922 and 1925 in Sint-Agatha-Berchem (Brussels Region) for a cooperative for social housing, the "Cité moderne" included 275 units. Each of them are oriented towards the sun, with a private garden, and were designed for low-cost construction with the use of reinforced concrete, an experimental technique at the time.

paragraph: The building style of the houses and small apartment houses was strictly unadorned, white with colored trim, with right angles and flat roofs, an early example of the modernist style. The entire district was planned by urban planner and landscape architect Louis Van der Swaelmen, intended to promote coexistence and solidarity between people, as well as provide for their safety. The names attributed to the streets and squares highlight these intentions: Foundation Street, Stewardship Street, Evolution Street, and Initiative Place.

paragraph: The project earned Bourgeois the Grand Prize at the Exposition internationale des arts décoratifs et industriels modernes in 1925 and brought him international attention. Today it is said to be in poor condition and awaiting proper renovation.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Apartment building, Rue du Cubisme, Koekelberg, 1922

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cité Moderne, at Sint-Agatha-Berchem, 1922-1925

paragraph: BULLET::::- Housing entry for the Weissenhof Estate, Stuttgart, 1927

paragraph: BULLET::::- House and studio for the sculptor Oscar Jespers, Brussels, 1928

paragraph: BULLET::::- Apartment buildings in Brussels, 1935

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grand Palace, Leopold II Restaurant and Soprocol Pavilion, Brussels International Exposition, 1935

paragraph: BULLET::::- Villa Le Jeannerie, Sint-Genesius-Rode, 1936

paragraph: BULLET::::- House, Avenue de l'Uruguay 5, 1938

paragraph: BULLET::::- Belgian Pavilion at the New York World's Fair, 1939, with Henry van de Velde and Léon Stynen

paragraph: BULLET::::- Office des Comptes-Chèques Postaux, Brussels, 1941

paragraph: BULLET::::- Town Hall, Ostend, 1954

paragraph: BULLET::::- Town Hall, Nivelles, 1954

paragraph: BULLET::::- buildings at the Expo 58, Brussels, 1958

description: Belgian architect (1897-1962)

wikidata_label: Victor Bourgeois

wikipedia_title: Victor Bourgeois


text:
English
Pendle witch hunt
Roughlee
Pendle
Good Friday
Lancaster Castle
Bobby Elliott
Jeanette Winterson
William Harrison Ainsworth
The Lancashire Witches
Terry Pratchett
Neil Gaiman
Good Omens

categories: 1612 deaths,Year of birth unknown,People from Lancashire

paragraph: Alice Nutter (alleged witch)

paragraph: Alice Nutter (died 1612) was an English woman accused and hanged as a result of the Pendle witch hunt. Her life and death are commemorated by a statue in the village of Roughlee.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Unlike many accused of witchcraft, Alice was a member of a wealthy family who owned land in Pendle.

paragraph: She was accused of being present at a witch meeting on Good Friday in 1612 and of later causing the death of Henry Milton. Her principal accuser was a nine-year-old girl. Nutter protested her innocence although others pleaded guilty.

paragraph: Nutter was tried at Lancaster Castle where the accused were denied access to lawyers or the right to call witnesses. She was subsequently hanged at Gallows Hill in Lancaster on 20 August 1612. The others hanged were Anne Whittle ("Old Chattox"), Ann Redfearn, Elizabeth Device ("Squinting Lizzie"), Alison Device, James Device, Katherine Hewitt, Jane Bulcock, John Bulcock and Isobel Robey.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: In 2012 a statue of Nutter was unveiled in Roughlee by local celebrity Bobby Elliott. The statue was commissioned following a campaign led by a local councillor. Local artist David Palmer researched local history and the fashion of Nutter's times to create the statue, which is made from steel and brass.

paragraph: In the same year, Jeanette Winterson published her novella "The Daylight Gate" whose main character is Alice Nutter. The book is about the events, but Winterson is keen to point out that her character is not the Alice Nutter of history.

paragraph: Alice Nutter is one of the main characters in William Harrison Ainsworth's Victorian Gothic novel "The Lancashire Witches". There is also a character called Agnes Nutter, who was burned as a witch, in the Terry Pratchett and Neil Gaiman novel "Good Omens", and its TV adaptation.

description: accused in the Pendle witch hunt

wikidata_label: Alice Nutter

wikipedia_title: Alice Nutter (alleged witch)


text:
South Africa
marathon
1936 Summer Olympics
South African Air Force
25 Squadron
Eshowe
Natal
Durban
Johannesburg

categories: Olympic athletes of South Africa,Sportspeople from Johannesburg,Commonwealth Games medallists in athletics,South African male long-distance runners,Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in South Africa,1944 deaths,South African Air Force personnel of World War II,South African male marathon runners,Athletes (track and field) at the 1936 Summer Olympics,Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for South Africa,1914 births,Athletes (track and field) at the 1938 British Empire Games

paragraph: Jackie Gibson (athlete)

paragraph: Henry Alfred "Jackie" Gibson (31 March 1914 – 15 January 1944) was a South African long-distance runner. He finished eighth in the marathon at the 1936 Summer Olympics. At the 1938 Empire Games he won the bronze medal in the marathon and placed sixth in the 6 miles contest.

paragraph: Gibson served in the South African Air Force where he reached the rank of Lieutenant in the 25 Squadron. He died along with the rest of the crew in an aircraft accident when their Lockheed B-34 Ventura II #6026 flew into a hilltop near Eshowe, Natal during bad weather. He was buried in the Stellawood Cemetery in Durban.

paragraph: In commemoration of his success in athletics, the Jackie Gibson Memorial Marathon was inaugurated in 1946 and is the oldest marathon in Johannesburg.

description: South African long-distance runner

wikidata_label: Jackie Gibson

wikipedia_title: Jackie Gibson (athlete)