text:
rosh yeshiva
Telz
Lithuania
Chernyany
Belarus
Vilna
Avrohom Shmuel Gordon
Chaim of Volozhin
Yeshiva
Yisroel Salanter
Kovno kollel
Kovno
Yitzchak Blazer
Simcha Zissel Ziv
Jacob Joseph
maggid shiur
Chief Rabbi
Kelm
Slabodka
Meir Atlas
Zvi Yaakov Oppenheim
Shlomo Zalman Abel
Telz Yeshiva
shiur
Talmud
later commentaries on the Talmud
Pnei Yehoshua
Maharsha
Rishonim
Ramban
Rashba
Ritva
Akiva Eiger
Yisroel Salanter
musar (ethical) literature
mashgiach
Simcha Zissel Ziv
musar movement
Leib Chasman
Shimon Shkop
Chaim Rabinowitz
Matzah
Zalman Sorotzkin
Pinsk
Dayan
Shmuel Yitzchok Hillman
Glasgow
Moshe Mordechai Epstein
Ridvaz
Slutzk
Eliyahu David Rabinowitz-Teomim
Moses Hyamson
Beth Din
Moses Gaster
Haham
Shaul Stampfer
Biography of Rabbi Eliezer Gordon

categories: Musar movement,1910 deaths,Lithuanian Orthodox rabbis,1841 births,Haredi rabbis in Europe,Rosh yeshivas

paragraph: Eliezer Gordon

paragraph: Eliezer Gordon (; 1841–1910) also known as Reb Laizer Telzer (), served as the rabbi and "rosh yeshiva" of Telz, Lithuania.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Rabbi Gordon was born in 1841 in the village of Chernyany (or Čarniany), Belarus, near Vilna. His father, Avrohom Shmuel Gordon, was a student of Rabbi Chaim of Volozhin. As a youngster, he studied in the Zaretza Yeshiva in Vilna, later transferring to the Yeshiva of Rabbi Yisroel Salanter at the Kovno kollel yeshiva in Kovno. Concurrent outstanding fellow students included Rabbi Yitzchak Blazer, Rabbi Simcha Zissel Ziv, Rabbi Naftali Amsterdam, Rabbi Yerucham Perlman and Rabbi Jacob Joseph.

paragraph: Rabbi Salanter realized that Rabbi Gordon had great potential and appointed him as a maggid shiur in the yeshiva at a young age. After his father-in-law's death, Rabbi Gordon succeeded the latter as Rabbi of Kovno — but he only stayed for three months. On Tuesday, 24 March (6th Nissan) 1874, Rabbi Gordon took over the position of Chief Rabbi at Kelm, where he remained for nine years and founded a Yeshiva. From there, he headed to Slabodka, where he served as Rabbi for about six months. He finally relocated to Telz in 1884, to serve as Rabbi.

paragraph: Section::::Telz.

paragraph: In 1875, Rabbis Meir Atlas, Zvi Yaakov Oppenheim and Shlomo Zalman Abel had founded the Telz Yeshiva.

paragraph: In 1883 Rabbi Gordon became the Rav of Telz; in 1884 he was also appointed head of the fledgling institution.

paragraph: Rabbi Gordon instituted numerous innovative ideas in the yeshiva which have since become accepted as standard practice in many contemporary yeshivas:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Hitherto, yeshivas grouped all their students into one general shiur (class). Rabbi Gordon, however, divided the yeshiva into different shiurim commensurate with a student's age and intellectual level.

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Rabbi Gordon also promoted a new approach to curriculum in the yeshiva, based primarily on logic and the understanding of the Talmud. While other yeshivas primarily analyzed the later commentaries on the Talmud, such as the Pnei Yehoshua, Maharsha and Maharam Schiff, Rabbi Gordon directed students to probe the earlier works of the Rishonim, such as Ramban, Rashba and Ritva. Nonetheless, he also included the works of certain "Acharonim" into the curriculum, such as the "Ketzos Hachoshen", "Nesivos Hamishpat" and Rabbi Akiva Eiger's works.

paragraph: BULLET::::3. As a student of Rabbi Yisroel Salanter, Rabbi Gordon favored the study of musar (ethical) literature in the yeshiva, however not as mandatory study for all students. Rabbi Gordon appointed a special teacher of ethics (mashgiach) to supervise the students spiritual development and to shape their characters. The yeshiva's first musar mashgiach was Rabbi Ben Zion Kranitz, a student of Rabbi Simcha Zissel Ziv of Kelm. Rabbi Kranitz was very mild mannered, and did not force his students to accept the musar movement approach. In 1897, however, Rabbi Gordon engaged a new musar mashgiach - the dynamic Rabbi Leib Chasman, who instituted a very strict musar regime in the yeshiva. Many of the students opposed this approach, which caused so much dissent among the student body that he eventually left the Yeshiva.

paragraph: Rabbi Gordon also felt that important to the success of the yeshiva was employing the highest standard of teachers. Under Rabbi Gordon's leadership, the yeshiva hired Rabbi Shimon Shkop, Rabbi Yosef Leib Bloch and Rabbi Chaim Rabinowitz ("Reb Chaim Telzer"). Rabbi Gordon tried, unsuccessfully to hire Rabbi Yitzchok Yaakov Rabinowitz ("Reb Itzele Ponovezher") to teach at the yeshiva. Rabbi Gordon himself delivered the highest-level shiur.

paragraph: Section::::Telz.:Communal activities.

paragraph: As Rav, he instituted some rules, including that Matzah bakeries must close by 11 p.m. Publicly he said it was for Kashrus, that the workers not exceed the 18 minutes from adding water, but privately he conceded that it was to prevent exploitation of workers.

paragraph: His son-in-law Rav Zalman Sorotzkin helped in his monitoring of honest weights and measures.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: In 1908, a fire broke out in Telz, destroying all of the wooden homes in the town, including the yeshiva. In 1910, Rabbi Gordon, who was nearly 70, traveled to Berlin and London along with his wife and younger friend Rabbi Aharon Walkin - the "Teshuvos Zekan Aharon" of Pinsk—to raise funds for rebuilding the homes and the yeshiva. It was winter, and Rabbi Gordon's doctors warned him that England's weather was dangerous to his health, especially since he had suffered a heart attack a few years earlier. Nonetheless, Rabbi Gordon could not be deterred.

paragraph: While in London, Rabbi Gordon suffered a fatal heart attack. His funeral attracted one of the largest crowds London had ever seen; 50,000 mourners at its height.

paragraph: Dayan Shmuel Yitzchok Hillman of Glasgow and several leading European Rabbis (who were in London at the time) such as Rabbi Moshe Mordechai Epstein of Slabodka, Rabbi Yaakov Dovid Wilovsky (the Ridvaz) of Slutzk and Rabbi Eliyahu David Rabinowitz-Teomim (the "Aderet") delivered tearful eulogies in Yiddish. Eulogies were also delivered in English by Dayan Moses Hyamson of the London Beth Din and Dr Moses Gaster, Haham of the Spanish and Portuguese community. Rabbi Gordon was buried in the Edmonton Federation Cemetery.

paragraph: Section::::Writings.

paragraph: His sefer "Teshuvos Rabbi Eliezer" was published posthumously (Pietrokov, 5673/1913).

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lithuanian Yeshivas of the Nineteenth Century: Creating a Tradition of Learning (), by Shaul Stampfer

paragraph: BULLET::::- Champions of Orthodoxy by Julius Jung, 1974

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography of Rabbi Eliezer Gordon

description: LIthuanian rabbi

wikidata_label: Eliezer Gordon

wikipedia_title: Eliezer Gordon


text:
Georg von Siemens
Deutsche Bank
Bonn
Paul Wallich

categories: 19th-century German people,German Jews,German bankers,1833 births,People from Bonn,1928 deaths

paragraph: Hermann Wallich

paragraph: Hermann Wallich (December 28, 1833 – April 30, 1928) was a German Jewish banker.

paragraph: Together with Georg von Siemens, he co-founded Deutsche Bank.

paragraph: Hermann Wallich was born in Bonn. He married Anna Jacoby in 1875. The couple had a son, Paul Wallich (1882–1938), who also worked as a banker, and a daughter, Ilse. Wallich died in Berlin, aged 94.

description: German private banker

wikidata_label: Hermann Wallich

wikipedia_title: Hermann Wallich


text:
Mödling
Vienna
Alfred Uhl
Roman Haubenstock-Ramati
Valse triste
Staatsoper Wien
Józef Maria Hoene-Wroński
Valse triste

categories: 1953 births,Austrian classical composers,Living people,People from Mödling

paragraph: Bruno Liberda

paragraph: Bruno Liberda (born February 17, 1953 in Mödling, Vienna) is an Austrian composer of contemporary classical music.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Liberda started his academic and musical education when he was 16. He studied composition under Alfred Uhl at the Universität für Musik und Darstellende Kunst Wien. Later he studied under Roman Haubenstock-Ramati who became his most influential teacher and mentor. He received several awards and scholarships in Europe & US. Today Liberda lectures electronic music at the Universität für Musik und Darstellende Kunst Wien. His ballet "Valse triste" (1978) was the first composition of electronic music ever to be performed in the Staatsoper Wien. By combining traditional and electronic instruments he explores the fascination of music as so aptly described by Józef Maria Hoene-Wroński: Music is the corporealization of the intelligence that is in sound. His scores are often the result of process-orientated, non-linear composing. Traditional notation, optical stimulation and integration of graphical & verbal description are key elements of his attempt to describe sound in a very direct way.

paragraph: Section::::Compositions.

paragraph: Stage

paragraph: • "Yerma", ballet (1977)

paragraph: • "Valse triste", ballet (1978)

paragraph: • "Das Ende des Kreises", opera (1981)

paragraph: • "Shambhala", opera (1989)

paragraph: • "The Northern Lights", ballet (1991)

paragraph: • "Wieso verschwindet Mozart auf der Reise nach Prag?", opera (1999)

paragraph: • "das kleine ei das detektivin werden wollte", opera (2007)

paragraph: • "Celestina", opera (2009)

paragraph: Compositions (extract)

paragraph: • 1974: Berenice

paragraph: • 1974: Albumblätter für die Toten

paragraph: • 1976: Ich hab mein Sach auf Nichts gestellt, String quartett

paragraph: • 1977: Ein trauerumflorter Tag sinkt aus den Glocken

paragraph: • 1979: Songs for Mizzi Traktor, mixed media

paragraph: • 1978: Turn slowly, 2 Pianos

paragraph: • 1979: … con variazioni, Piano

paragraph: • 1980: A se stesso, Tape music

paragraph: • 1982: Ein kleines Requiem, Tape music

paragraph: • 1982: Die, die Last des Himmels tragen, Choir

paragraph: • 1983: Sophisticated Atmosphere, Music for Orchestra and Brass Band

paragraph: • 1985: Il solito, ma non troppo, Piano

paragraph: • 1986: Kyrie, Choir and Chamber Orchestra

paragraph: • 1986: Horoscopical Music, 8-16 instruments

paragraph: • 1986: 100 Ansichten vom Berge Fuji 3rd book/2, Orchestra

paragraph: • 1986: 100 Ansichten vom Berge Fuji 1st book/1, cello, marimba, vibr., piano

paragraph: • 1986: Rest zweier tragischer Szenen, 2 violoncelli

paragraph: • 1987: 100 Ansichten vom Berge Fuji 1.Buch/5, 7-11 voice

paragraph: • 1988: Good Feeling on Sunday Morning, 1 piano, 2 pianists

paragraph: • 1988: String Quartett on G and B

paragraph: • 1990: 100 Ansichten vom Berge Fuji 2nd book /2, tape music

paragraph: • 1990: Capricci, Concert for 6 pianos, orchestra and tape

paragraph: • 1993: 100 Ansichten vom Berge Fuji 1st book /11, voice and live electronics

paragraph: • 1994: Kleines Triptychon, voice and live electronics

paragraph: • 1994: Nach(t)laut, Chamber orchestra and electronics

paragraph: • 1995: In stiller Sonne, sound installation

paragraph: • 1996: Seven steps, concert for piano and tape

paragraph: • 1999: Getsemani2000, sound installation

paragraph: • 2001: un&sichtbar (in&visible), exhibition

paragraph: • 2003: JETZT, mixed media

paragraph: • 2004 I.P. Installation, Gallery tonArt, Vienna [1]

paragraph: • 2007: neunmal gefärbt, piano, mixed media

paragraph: • 2008 siebenmal gefärbt, prestudy for opera (2008)

paragraph: • 2010: a sphere of air is bound, brass instrument and live electronics

paragraph: • 2011: self-portrait without self, zither and live electronics

paragraph: • 2012: buddha cannot sit quietly anymore, voice, obi-gong and live electronics

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.brunoliberda.com

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::-  Bruno Liberda at MICA (Music Information System Austria)

description: composer

wikidata_label: Bruno Liberda

wikipedia_title: Bruno Liberda


text:
Myspace
Bloodshy & Avant
Parlophone
extended play
As If!
electropop
dance music
Ghost
Jon Brion
Shirley Manson
Everything Is Embarrassing
Dev Hynes
studio album
Night Time, My Time
indie rock
synth-pop
You're Not the One
Eli Roth
The Green Inferno
drug possession
Bangerz Tour
Miley Cyrus
dance-pop
acoustic
new wave
indie rock
Redken
Venice, Los Angeles
Native American
Brazilian
Portuguese
Michael Jackson
sexually assaulted
Rookie
Myspace
Bloodshy & Avant
Parlophone
Putty Hill
Dazed
Interview
One
UK Singles Chart
lead single
Obsession
Billboard
Hot Dance Club Songs
extended play
As If!
Sex Rules
MuuMuse
Calvin Klein
Cassie Ventura
Ellen von Unwerth
Vs.
Adidas
Big Sean
Snoop Dogg
Jon Brion
Greg Kurstin
Shirley Manson
Red Lips
Ghost
Billboard
Top Heatseekers
"Billboard" 200
Everything is Embarrassing
Pitchfork
Late Night with Jimmy Fallon
ABC
Grey's Anatomy
electronic
pop-rocky
Night Time, My Time
Capitol Records
music critics
Metacritic
normalized
average
Rolling Stone
indie rock
Complex
"Billboard" 200
You're Not the One
The Green Inferno
DIIV
Zachary Cole Smith
Saugerties, New York
drug possession
ecstasy
resisting arrest
heroin
Vampire Weekend
Icona Pop
Miley Cyrus
Bangerz Tour
Redken
Anaheim
Twitter
Ariel Rechtshaid
Justin Raisen
Bobby Gillespie
Andrew Innes
Primal Scream
Gesaffelstein
Elvis & Nixon
Liza Johnson
The Trust
Nicolas Cage
Elijah Wood
Alex Brewer
Jimmy Choo
Chaosmosis
2017 sequel
David Lynch
Twin Peaks
Jonas Åkerlund
Lords of Chaos
book of the same name
Michael Moynihan
Playboy
Edgar Wright
heist film
Baby Driver
Ansel Elgort
Commodores
Easy
the film's soundtrack
Nigel Godrich
Downhill Lullaby
synth-pop
dance-pop
indie pop
indie rock
alternative rock
art pop
electropop
As If!
Ghost
acoustic
new wave
indie rock
Night Time, My Time
contralto
Suicide
Siouxsie Sioux
Harmonia
The GW Hatchet
Lorde
pop music
Lana del Rey
Miley Cyrus
New York Post
feminist
Madonna
Prince
Fiona Apple
The Jesus and Mary Chain
Gwen Stefani
Sonic Youth
Alice Cooper
Nancy Sinatra
Cat Power
Blondie
Hole
Elliott Smith
Kate Bush
My Bloody Valentine
Carly Simon
Françoise Hardy
Britney Spears
The Runaways
Music Hall of Williamsburg
David Lynch Foundation
Transcendental Meditation
PTSD
diabetes
Dakota Access Pipeline protests
Night Time, My Time
Vampire Weekend
Miley Cyrus
Bangerz Tour
Blondie
Garbage
Rage and Rapture Tour

categories: Feminist musicians,American female pop singers,American television actresses,American film actresses,Singers from Los Angeles,21st-century American singers,21st-century American actresses,1992 births,Actresses from Los Angeles,People from Venice, Los Angeles,Capitol Records artists,American people of Brazilian descent,IMG Models models,American people of Portuguese descent,Parlophone artists,American contraltos,American feminists,American indie rock musicians,Actresses of Portuguese descent,Living people,Actresses of Brazilian descent,Polydor Records artists,American female rock singers,American synthpop musicians,American singer-songwriters,American indie pop musicians,American child singers,Transcendental Meditation practitioners,Songwriters from California,American female singer-songwriters

paragraph: Sky Ferreira

paragraph: Sky Tonia Ferreira (born July 8, 1992) is an American singer, songwriter, model, and actress. As a teenager, Ferreira began uploading videos on Myspace of herself singing songs she had written, which led to her discovery by producers Bloodshy & Avant and an eventual recording contract with Parlophone in 2009. She released her first extended play, "As If!", in 2011, which combined elements of electropop and dance music. Ferreira's second extended play "Ghost" (2012), however, incorporated pop with more stripped-down song structures and featured collaborations with Jon Brion and Shirley Manson, as well as the critically acclaimed track "Everything Is Embarrassing", which she composed with Dev Hynes.

paragraph: After multiple delays and disputes with her record label, Ferreira's debut studio album "Night Time, My Time" was released on October 29, 2013, and marked a departure from her former style, incorporating more experimental indie rock with synth-pop elements. The album was preceded by its lead single "You're Not the One". That year, she ventured into the film industry after appearing in Eli Roth's "The Green Inferno" and garnered media attention after being arrested for drug possession. She was exposed to a mainstream audience after having been announced as an opening act for the international Bangerz Tour, headlined by Miley Cyrus, which began on February 14, 2014.

paragraph: Ferreira's earlier work incorporated elements of dance-pop, while her recent projects experiment with acoustic, new wave and primarily indie rock musical styles. Her lyrical content originally incorporated themes of rebellion and teenage romance, and has since evolved to discuss personal insecurities and more mature romantic themes. Outside her work in the entertainment industry, she has modeled for several brands and magazines, including serving as the spokeswoman for the hair care brand Redken in 2014.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Sky Tonia Ferreira was born on July 8, 1992 in Venice, Los Angeles. Ferreira's heritage is Native American, Brazilian and Portuguese.

paragraph: Ferreira was largely raised by her grandmother, who had been Michael Jackson's personal hairstylist for over 30 years. She commented, saying: "I was raised around him, I always saw him [and] had holidays with him and stuff like that", adding that she was unaware of his fame until she was 13 years old. Ferreira expressed interest in singing as a child and, with Jackson's encouragement, Ferreira's grandmother enrolled her in opera lessons. Ferreira has stated that she was sexually assaulted in her adolescence twice, firstly involving a neighbor, and secondly in an incident that involved a stranger who had broken into her home. In an interview with "Rookie", Ferreira said: "I've never said anything [about this publicly] because I don't want it to define me, but I feel like it's appropriate to say something [here]. People feel like it defines you, and it doesn't. It's really unfortunate and disgusting and traumatizing, but it doesn't make you who you are." Ferreira dropped out of high school after completing her sophomore year.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Ferreira began maintaining a Myspace profile where she uploaded demo versions of self-written tracks. Shortly before her 15th birthday, she wrote a letter to producers Bloodshy & Avant requesting that they offer a recording contract to her, which she says happened "kind of right off the bat" after they came across her profile. In 2009, she was signed to Parlophone, and began finalizing the debut studio album that she says was first begun when she was 14 years old. In 2010, she ventured into the film and modelling industries after starring in the independent film "Putty Hill" and appearing in the magazines "Dazed" and "Interview".

paragraph: Section::::Career.:2011–2012: "As If!" and "Ghost".

paragraph: After releasing the tracks "17" and "One", the latter having peaked at number 64 on the UK Singles Chart, Ferreira announced that her debut studio album would be released on January 11, 2011. Its lead single "Obsession" peaked at number 37 on the US "Billboard" Hot Dance Club Songs chart. These plans never came to fruition, and were substituted for the extended play (EP) "As If!" and its lead single "Sex Rules" that March. A writer for MuuMuse spoke favorably of her "vocal and musical versatility" and commended the project as a "rock solid 5-track collection of next-level crunchy pop cuts." During this time, Ferreira was featured in the advertising campaign for the Calvin Klein "CK One" product line alongside Cassie Ventura. The following year, she was photographed by Ellen von Unwerth for the cover of "Vs.", and appeared in the Adidas "Originals" commercial with rappers Big Sean and Snoop Dogg.

paragraph: In November 2011, Ferreira announced that her debut studio album would be released in 2012, with a lead single planned to precede its release that February. She was later revealed to have been working with Jon Brion, Greg Kurstin, and Shirley Manson on the project. In early 2012, Ferreira revealed "Wild at Heart" as the title of her record, and confirmed "24 Hours" and "Swamp Girl" for its track listing. "Lost in My Bedroom", described by Ferreira as "the most electro pop [song] on the album", surfaced online that March. After releasing the music video for the track "Red Lips" in June, she stated that she renamed the record "I'm Not Alright".

paragraph: With her debut studio album still unreleased, Ferreira announced that her second extended play "Ghost" would be released in October. It respectively peaked at numbers 8 and 71 on the US "Billboard" Top Heatseekers and Alternative Albums component charts to the "Billboard" 200. Its second single "Everything is Embarrassing" was described by Katherine St. Asaph of Pitchfork as the track where Ferreira "could well have her breakout moment", complimenting it for beginning with "snappy, crisply sung dance-pop about long-awaited moments" and eventually transitioning into "what should be a buoyant chorus". In her debut television performance, Ferreira performed the track on "Late Night with Jimmy Fallon" in January 2013. The previously leaked track "Lost in My Bedroom" was included on "Ghost", and was featured on an episode of ABC's "Grey's Anatomy" in December.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:2013–2014: "Night Time, My Time" and support touring.

paragraph: In June 2013, Ferreira starred in the short film "IRL" playing Angel, which has been described as "an eye-opening look into the reality of young life in New York". That month, she again renamed her debut studio album "I Will", and stated that it would be released "later this summer". She noted that it would be composed of "ten up-tempo songs, all still pretty electronic, although for some reason it comes across more pop-rocky live." It was again renamed "Night Time, My Time", and announced to be released on October 29, 2013, by Capitol Records. Upon its release, it received favorable reviews from music critics; at Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 79, which indicates "generally favorable reviews", based on 30 reviews. "Rolling Stone" listed it as the fifth-best debut album of 2013, noting its potent blending of synth-pop elements with a more grunge-inspired indie rock sound. The album was also listed as the 25th best overall album of the year by Complex. The record debuted at number 45 on the US "Billboard" 200. "You're Not the One" was released as the lead single from "Night Time, My Time" on September 24, 2013.

paragraph: In September, Ferreira starred as Kaycee in the independent film "The Green Inferno". In the early morning of September 14, she and her boyfriend, DIIV frontman Zachary Cole Smith, were arrested at a traffic stop in Saugerties, New York for drug possession. Ferreira, who was in possession of ecstasy tablets, was arrested on drug possession and resisting arrest; Smith was in possession of heroin. She bailed herself out. In October, Ferreira cancelled the final week of her tour with Vampire Weekend after sustaining a hemorrhage to her vocal cords, which she later added was caused by a vocal node that was repeatedly misdiagnosed as laryngitis. In November, Ferreira and Icona Pop were announced as the opening acts for Miley Cyrus' Bangerz Tour, which began on February 14, 2014. Later that month, she released her third extended play, "Night Time, My Time: B-Sides Part 1". In December, Ferreira was announced as the spokeswoman for hair care brand Redken.

paragraph: On February 20, 2014, during the third performance opening for the Bangerz Tour, Ferreira fell and split open her shin onstage. After completing the performance, Ferreira was taken by ambulance to an Anaheim hospital and treated with 60 stitches. As a result of the injury, she was forced to temporarily pull out of support for the tour, but returned shortly after. On November 20, 2014, while on her North American tour, Ferreira debuted a new track called "Guardian".

paragraph: Section::::Career.:2015–present: "Masochism" and film roles.

paragraph: On July 16, 2014, Ferreira announced via Twitter that she was working on her second album. She described the sound of the album as "more aggressive" and is working with Ariel Rechtshaid and Justin Raisen, with whom she produced "Night Time, My Time", as well as Bobby Gillespie and Andrew Innes of Scottish band Primal Scream. Ferreira also expressed the wish to collaborate with Gesaffelstein. She also appeared in the 2016 comedy-drama film "Elvis & Nixon", directed by Liza Johnson, and "The Trust", which stars Nicolas Cage and Elijah Wood, and is directed by Benjamin and Alex Brewer.

paragraph: Ferreira confirmed on April 7, 2015, that her upcoming second studio album will be titled "Masochism". On May 12, 2015, the singer announced that she would be releasing a film co-written and directed by her frequent collaborator Grant Singer accompanied by a new single with the album scheduled to be released later in the year. Jimmy Choo revealed on June 4 that Ferreira would be the face of their newest fragrance named Illicit. She collaborated with Primal Scream on the song "Where the Light Gets In", which was released on February 1, 2016 as the lead single from the band's eleventh studio album, "Chaosmosis". It was announced on April 25, 2016, that Ferreira would guest-star in the 2017 sequel to David Lynch's 1990s television series "Twin Peaks". In October 2016, she was cast in Jonas Åkerlund's film "Lords of Chaos", based on the 1998 book of the same name by Michael Moynihan and Didrik Søderlind. She appeared in "Playboy" in October 2016, with the photoshoot serving as a "visual introduction" to her next album. Ferreira appeared in Edgar Wright's 2017 heist film "Baby Driver", portraying the mother of lead character Baby (played by Ansel Elgort). She also contributed a cover of the Commodores song "Easy" to the film's soundtrack, produced by Nigel Godrich.

paragraph: On March 21, 2019, Ferreira announced the single "Downhill Lullaby", which was released on March 27.

paragraph: Section::::Musical style.

paragraph: Ferreira is primarily a synth-pop singer, also being described as dance-pop, indie pop, indie rock, alternative rock, and art pop. Her earlier work incorporated elements of dance-pop and electropop, most notably seen in tracks from "As If!" and "Ghost". The latter EP also includes elements of acoustic and new wave. Her lyrical content originally incorporated themes of rebellion and teenage romance; Andrew Unterberger from Popdust opined that "17" plays the girl-gone-wild tale as a near-horror story, clearly meant to shock and upset", while noting that "One" "instead features a robo'd out Sky bemoaning the breakdown of connection in a relationship, and her own inability to feel anything as a result." As her career progressed, Ferreira more frequently experimented with elements of indie rock, which were commonly heard in her first album "Night Time, My Time". Ferreira's vocal range has been described as that of a contralto.

paragraph: Julianne Escobedo Shepberd from "Rolling Stone" wrote that Ferreira's "songs are catchy, but they're also thickly glazed with fuzz and synths, evoking influences like Suicide, Siouxsie Sioux and the krautrock group Harmonia". Karolina Ramos from "The GW Hatchet" compared Ferreira to New Zealand recording artist Lorde, both of whom she felt "tackle contemporary love, desire and insecurity with depth, composure and frankness." She compared her musical style to 1980s pop music, and noted that "her throaty, sultry vocals call to mind Lana del Rey, abandoning brightness and vivacity for a colder tone. Still, Ferreira can drop the edge, with gentler tracks like "Sad Dream" showcasing her vocal range and seldom-observed softness." Andrew Unterberger stated that "through a variety of singles, EPs, guest features and live appearances, Sky has proven herself one of the most talented singers, creative songwriters and savvy collaborators currently working in the genre", but blamed "bad marketing, label disputes and her own perfectionism" for the extended delay of "Night Time, My Time"; he also stated that the repeated renaming of the record itself "should give you some idea of the musical identity issues she's suffered over the years."

paragraph: After establishing a friendship with singer Miley Cyrus in 2013, Gregory E. Miller from the "New York Post" noted that the media and general public would continue "following her every move". Ferreira commented that "[Miley's] obviously way bigger and all eyes [are] on her, but I feel like we're kind of going through a similar thing where everyone's trying to say that we're trying to make ourselves objects, but really, everyone else is making it more like that—sensationalizing sex and reading into things. It's nice to have someone that gets it." Ferreira had also generated a minor controversy after appearing topless on the cover for "Night Time, My Time", to which she responded "there's nothing about that photo that's pornographic; we came on this earth nude." Ferreira is also a feminist, which has influenced her work; she has said "I feel like I'm doing a bad job of being a feminist if I'm not making someone angry."

paragraph: Section::::Musical style.:Influences.

paragraph: Ferreira has cited Madonna, Prince, Fiona Apple, The Jesus and Mary Chain, Gwen Stefani, Sonic Youth, Alice Cooper, Nancy Sinatra, Cat Power, Blondie, Hole, Elliott Smith, Kate Bush, My Bloody Valentine, Carly Simon, Françoise Hardy, Britney Spears, and The Runaways as musical influences.

paragraph: Section::::Philanthropy.

paragraph: In July 2014, Ferreira performed at the Music Hall of Williamsburg in New York City to benefit the David Lynch Foundation. Ferreira announced that the funds raised would "go towards Transcendental Meditation (TM) programs for at-risk students; veterans with PTSD; women who are survivors of domestic violence; American Indians suffering from diabetes; the homeless and incarcerate." Of her own practice she said, "TM sort of saved my life." In support of the Dakota Access Pipeline protests, Ferreira performed at a benefit concert titled We Rock with Standing Rock in December 2016.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Night Time, My Time" (2013)

paragraph: Section::::Tours.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Headlining

paragraph: BULLET::::- Night Time, My Time Tour (2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Supporting

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vampire Weekend – Modern Vampires Tour (2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Miley Cyrus – Bangerz Tour (2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Blondie and Garbage – Rage and Rapture Tour (2017)

description: American singer-songwriter

wikidata_label: Sky Ferreira

wikipedia_title: Sky Ferreira


text:
Elder House of Welf
count
Frankish
Bavaria
Franconian
Judith
Louis the Pious
Aachen
Conrad
dux
Alamannia
Upper Swabia
Ermengarde of Hesbaye
Carolingian dynasty
Hedwig
Saxon
Isambart
Chelles
Judith
Louis the Pious
Conrad
Count of Auxerre
Burgundy
Rudolph
Count of Ponthieu
Hemma
Louis the German
Louis the Pious

categories: Elder House of Welf,Nobility of the Carolingian Empire,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Welf (father of Judith)

paragraph: Welf I (or Hwelf; died about 825) is the first documented ancestor of the Elder House of Welf. He is mentioned as a count ("comes") in the Frankish lands of Bavaria.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Welf originated from a distinguished dynasty of Franconian nobles. He is mentioned only once: on the occasion of the wedding of his daughter Judith with Emperor Louis the Pious in 819 at Aachen. His son Conrad later appeared as a "dux" (duke) in Alamannia and achieved a powerful position in the Upper Swabian estates he possibly had inherited from his mother Hedwig.

paragraph: His family became politically powerful when Louis the Pious chose his oldest daughter as his 2nd wife upon the death of his consort Ermengarde of Hesbaye. Though Welf himself never became publicly prominent, his family became interwoven with the Carolingian dynasty.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and issue.

paragraph: Welf married Hedwig (Heilwig), daughter of the Saxon count Isambart; Hedwig later became abbess of Chelles. The couple had the following children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Judith (c.797- 843), married to Emperor Louis the Pious, Roman Empress and Frankish Queen;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Conrad (c.800-864), Count of Auxerre, ancestor of the Welf kings of Burgundy;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rudolph (c.802-866), Count of Ponthieu;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hemma (c.803-876), Frankish Queen, married to King Louis the German, son of Emperor Louis the Pious.

alias:
Welf I of Altdorf
Hwelf I of Altdorf

description: master of several counties in the southern Rhineland & Bavaria

wikidata_label: Welf

wikipedia_title: Welf (father of Judith)


text:
Roman Catholic
Eastern Orthodox
Bishop of Jerusalem
feast day
Eusebius
Jewish Christian
saint

categories: Patriarchs of Jerusalem,Saints from the Holy Land,2nd-century bishops,2nd-century Christian saints,2nd-century Christian martyrs,Year of birth unknown,Early Jewish Christians,116 deaths

paragraph: Zacchaeus of Jerusalem

paragraph: Saint Zacchaeus of Jerusalem (died 116 AD?) is a 2nd-century Christian saint venerated by the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches. Also known also Zacharias, he was the fourth Bishop of Jerusalem. His feast day is August 23.

paragraph: According to Eusebius, he was a Jewish Christian. Little is known about his life although he is recognized as a saint.

paragraph: His episcopacy was about the years 112 to 116, when he probably died.

description: Roman saint and bishop

wikidata_label: Zacchaeus of Jerusalem

wikipedia_title: Zacchaeus of Jerusalem


text:
Christian
martyr
Roman Catholic
Eastern Orthodox
Philip the Deacon
Greek Menaon
Acts of the Apostles
prophet
Asia Minor
Trajan
Persians
Christianity
Hadrian
sulphur
asphalt
lead

categories: Ante-Nicene Christian female saints,Saints from the Holy Land,2nd-century Christian saints,2nd-century Christian martyrs,117 deaths,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Hermione of Ephesus

paragraph: Saint Hermione of Ephesus (died 117 AD) is a 2nd-century Christian martyr venerated by the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches.

paragraph: She was the daughter of Saint Philip the Deacon. The bible does not mention her name but says that Philip had four daughters. However, the Greek Menaon, an annual calendar preserving the memory of martyrs and saints does name her.

paragraph: In the Acts of the Apostles, Hermione and her sisters are called prophetess.

paragraph: Hermione and her sister Eutychia went to Asia Minor in search of Apostle John. However, John had already died so she became the disciple of Petronius, a disciple of Saint Paul.

paragraph: When the emperor Trajan passed through her town on the way to fight the Persians, he admonished her to recant Christianity, which she refused. He then ordered he commanded that she be struck on the face for several hours, which she joyfully endured. She was released and went on to build a hospice.

paragraph: She was known as a prophet and healer.

paragraph: She was killed during the persecutions of Christians under the Roman emperor Hadrian. Her Vita tells that Hadrian had heard of her talents and summoned her. He questioned her and when she refused to aid him in his conquests became so enraged he order her first thrown into a vat full of boiling pitch, sulphur, asphalt and lead. When this failed to affect her she was thrown in to into a large red-hot copper vessel. Again with no effect.

paragraph: She was taken to a temple to offer libations, when, however, she prayed the pagan statues fell over and shattered. Hadrian then sent two men to behead her and she told them if she could pray before she got beheaded but they just ignored her. But when they tried, their arms got charred, and the men bent down and begged to her and prayed to God.

paragraph: So after that she lived a peaceful life, and died on September 4,117.

description: Christian martyr

wikidata_label: Hermione of Ephesus

wikipedia_title: Hermione of Ephesus


text:
ukiyo-e
Japanese woodblock prints
Utamaro
Toriyama Sekien
an adopted son
Toriyama Sekien
Kiyonaga
Utamaro
Tsutaya Jūzaburō
hashira-e
kachō-e
Kanwatei Onitake
Lane, Richard
OCLC 5246796
OCLC 61666175
OCLC 2005932

paragraph: Eishōsai Chōki

paragraph: Eishōsai Chōki (), also known as Momokawa Chōki, was a designer of ukiyo-e style Japanese woodblock prints who was active from about 1786 to 1808. He, along with Utamaro, was a pupil of Toriyama Sekien (1712–1788). Chōki is best known for his pictures of beautiful slender women, often with atmospheric backgrounds.

paragraph: The artist signed most of his works Chōki (), he also signed some work Eishōsai () or Shikō ().

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: The details of Chōki's life are obscure. He was likely a student—and possibly an adopted son—of Toriyama Sekien. Chōki specialized in depicting beautiful women and had a number of art names: works signed Chōki were in the style similar to that of Kiyonaga, and those signed Shikō that of Utamaro.

paragraph: Chōki lived in the home of publisher Tsutaya Jūzaburō, who published several of Chōki's print series. Amongst Chōki's more popular series were the "Eight Views of Lake Ōmi" ("Ōmi hakkei") and the "Eight Views of the Treasury of Loyal Retainers" ("Chūshingura hakkei"). He also produced "hashira-e" pillar prints, "kachō-e" prints of birds and flowers, and book illustrations. His last known work is the illustrations for the book "Nakoso Gate" ("Nakoso no seki") by Kanwatei Onitake in 1809.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hiller, Jack (1960) "Choki: What is a Minor Artist?". In: "The Japanese Print: A New Approach", Rutland, Tuttle. 94–101.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lane, Richard. (1978). "Images from the Floating World, The Japanese Print". Oxford: Oxford University Press. ; OCLC 5246796

paragraph: BULLET::::- Newland, Amy Reigle. (2005). "Hotei Encyclopedia of Japanese Woodblock Prints". Amsterdam: Hotei. ; OCLC 61666175

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roberts, Laurance P. (1976). "A Dictionary of Japanese Artists". New York: Weatherhill. ; OCLC 2005932

alias:
Eishosai Choki
Eishousai Chouki

description: Japanese painter

wikidata_label: Eishōsai Chōki

wikipedia_title: Eishōsai Chōki


text:
weightlifter
1932 Summer Olympics
lightweight class
Strength & Health
York, Pennsylvania

categories: People from York, Pennsylvania,1959 deaths,People with acquired American citizenship,Lithuanian emigrants to the United States,Olympic weightlifters of the United States,1911 births,American male weightlifters,Weightlifters at the 1932 Summer Olympics

paragraph: Walter Zagurski

paragraph: Walter Zagurski (January 12, 1911 – February 27, 1959) was a Lithuanian-born American weightlifter who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics. In 1932 he finished sixth in the lightweight class. He was the founding editor of "Strength & Health", and he was on the cover of its December 1932 issue. He was active in the York Barbell Club in York, Pennsylvania.

description: American weightlifter

wikidata_label: Walter Zagurski

wikipedia_title: Walter Zagurski


text:
American football
wide receiver
National Football League
Cincinnati Bengals
Cleveland Browns
Montreal Alouettes
Canadian Football League
Grey Cup
New England Patriots
college football
Toledo Rockets
Bishop McCort High School
Johnstown, Pennsylvania
football
touchdowns
track & field
100 meters
long jump
triple jump
University of Toledo
Toledo, Ohio
cornerback
Cleveland Browns
2008 NFL draft
Michael Irvin
Jesse Holley
Ahmaad Smith
Montreal Alouettes
Canadian Football League
Michael Irvin
4th and Long
Dallas Cowboys
Calgary Stampeders
Grey Cup
St. Louis Rams
National Football League
Cincinnati Bengals
New York Jets
Dan LeFevour
practice squad
Jordan Shipley
injured reserve
ankle
Cleveland Browns
$
New England Patriots
San Francisco 49ers
espn.com
Artrell Hawkins
Geroy Simon
Carlton Haselrig
Christian
George Clooney
The Ides of March
Columbia University
SportsCenter on Snapchat
Joe Thomas
Toledo Rockets bio
Cincinnati Bengals bio
Cleveland Browns bio

categories: Toledo Rockets football players,Canadian football wide receivers,Sportspeople from Johnstown, Pennsylvania,Montreal Alouettes players,African-American players of American football,American football wide receivers,1986 births,St. Louis Rams players,Cleveland Browns players,African-American players of Canadian football,Cincinnati Bengals players,New England Patriots players,Players of American football from Pennsylvania,Living people

paragraph: Andrew Hawkins

paragraph: Andrew Austin Wyatt Hawkins (born March 10, 1986) is a former American football wide receiver. He played six seasons in the National Football League with the Cincinnati Bengals and Cleveland Browns and two seasons for the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League, where he was part of back-to-back Grey Cup Championships. He had signed with the New England Patriots in the 2017 offseason, but announced his retirement just days before training camp. He played college football for the Toledo Rockets from 2004 to 2007.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: Hawkins attended Bishop McCort High School in his hometown of Johnstown, Pennsylvania, where he played football and ran track. In football, he played as a running back and had 562 yards rushing and 10 touchdowns as a senior. He was named second-team All-state as a defensive back by PA Football News and Associated Press, and All-conference as a running back. In track & field, Hawkins competed in sprinting and jumping events. In sprints, he recorded a personal-best time of 11.33 seconds in the 100 meters, and was a member of the 4 × 100 m relay squad. He also participated in long jump (20 ft 2 in) and triple jump (41 ft 8 in).

paragraph: Hawkins chose to attend college at the University of Toledo in Toledo, Ohio. He played at wide receiver and cornerback, making him the first Rocket to play both ways in 48 years. Over four seasons, he played in 37 games, starting in 25. He finished his career with 67 receptions for 1,107 yards and five touchdowns. As a cornerback, he had two forced fumbles, one blocked punt and 21 tackles.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Hawkins worked out with the Cleveland Browns after going undrafted in the 2008 NFL draft. He was not signed to play in the NFL and was out of football the entire 2008 season.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:"4th and Long".

paragraph: Hawkins competed as a contestant on Michael Irvin's football reality show "4th and Long". Hawkins was a runner-up to fellow receiver Jesse Holley. Hawkins was cut on the final episode along with future CFL player Ahmaad Smith.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Montreal Alouettes.

paragraph: He then signed with the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL) on December 5, 2008.

paragraph: However, before his first CFL season in 2009, Hawkins went to compete on Michael Irvin's football reality show "4th and Long" to compete for a spot on the Dallas Cowboys roster. He was named the runner-up.

paragraph: Hawkins then went on to play with the Alouettes for two seasons. He scored his first CFL touchdown on October 12, 2009 during a Thanksgiving Day match-up against the Calgary Stampeders. He totaled only 41 receptions, 457 yards and five touchdowns in two seasons for the Alouettes, but was a part of the back-to-back Grey Cup championship teams.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:St. Louis Rams.

paragraph: On January 12, 2011, Hawkins signed a contract with the St. Louis Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He was waived on August 1, 2011.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Cincinnati Bengals.

paragraph: The Cincinnati Bengals claimed Hawkins off waivers on August 1, 2011. He debuted for the team on August 21, 2011 in Week 2 of the preseason against New York Jets, catching a 15-yard pass from Dan LeFevour. Hawkins was waived during final-day cuts on September 3 but he was re-signed to the team's practice squad the following day. Hawkins was added to the active roster after Jordan Shipley was placed on injured reserve.

paragraph: Hawkins went on to record 23 receptions for 263 yards, both fifth among the team's receivers. He also had five rushes for 25 yards converted on nine third-down situations. His on-the-field performance made Hawkins a bit of a "fan favorite" among Bengals fans, who referred to him as "Baby Hawk".

paragraph: He had a breakout season in 2012 for the Bengals, playing in 14 games and totaling 51 receptions for 533 yards and four touchdowns, plus six rushes for 30 yards.

paragraph: In 2013, he suffered a serious ankle injury prior to the preseason and was placed on injured reserve with a designation for a possible return, meaning he could return and play by Week 9. He did return and played in the Bengals final eight games, totaling 12 receptions for 199 yards.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Cleveland Browns.

paragraph: Hawkins signed an offer sheet with the Cleveland Browns on March 12, 2014. The Bengals had until March 18 to match or the offer sheet would become an official contract. The Bengals declined to match the offer, and Hawkins became a member of the Browns with a reported four-year, $13.6 million contract, including a $3.8 million signing bonus. In his first season in Cleveland, Hawkins led the Browns with 63 catches for 824 yards and two touchdowns. On December 23, 2015, the Browns placed him on injured reserve.

paragraph: On February 27, 2017, Hawkins was released by the Browns.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New England Patriots.

paragraph: On May 24, 2017, Hawkins signed a one-year contract with the New England Patriots.

paragraph: On July 25, 2017, Hawkins announced his retirement from the NFL. Almost exactly a year later, on July 24, 2018, Hawkins announced he would be interested in making a NFL return with the San Francisco 49ers.

paragraph: Section::::Statistics.

paragraph: Section::::Statistics.:NFL.

paragraph: all stats from espn.com

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Hawkins is the younger brother of former NFL cornerback Artrell Hawkins. He is also the cousin of retired CFL slotback Geroy Simon, and former NFL offensive guard Carlton Haselrig.

paragraph: Hawkins is a Christian. Hawkins has spoken about his faith saying, "I literally thank God every day for what I'm doing right now. I wouldn't change the way I got here at all. It taught me so much. It made me a better person and a better man. I'm just so thankful for where I am, and I wake up every day and thank God for it."

paragraph: Hawkins appears as an extra in the George Clooney film, "The Ides of March".

paragraph: Hawkins graduated from Columbia University in 2017 with a master's degree in sports management from the School of Professional Studies with a 4.0 GPA.

paragraph: Hawkins is now a host on "SportsCenter on Snapchat". In addition to this Hawkins co-hosts a football based podcast called the Thomahawk show with his former teammate from the Browns, Joe Thomas.

paragraph: Hawkins has officially been inducted into the Mountain Dew Hall of Fame.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Toledo Rockets bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cincinnati Bengals bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cleveland Browns bio

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Andrew Hawkins

wikipedia_title: Andrew Hawkins


text: British

text: India

text: Arbroath

text: shipmaster

text: Montrose, Angus

text: Archangel

text: scrivener

text: East India

text: British-India Steam Navigation Company

text: Suez Canal

text: Bombay

text: Calcutta

text: City of Glasgow Bank

text: typhoid

text: Inchcape plc

text: Bengal Chamber of Commerce

text: Viceroy of India

text: Secretary of State for India

text: Shanghai

text: Sheng Xuanhuai

text: Mackay Treaty

text: extraterritoriality

text: Council of India

text: Gold Standard

text: King George V

text: Suez Canal Company

text: Anglo-Persian Oil Company

text: National Provincial Bank

text: Order of the Indian Empire

text: Order of St Michael and St George

text: Order of the Star of India

text: Sutherland

text: Inchcape Rock

text: Arbroath

text: Strathnaver

text: Scotland

text: Rover

text: Monte Carlo

text: Ballantrae

text: Glenapp Castle

text: Kenneth Mackay, 2nd Earl of Inchcape

text: John Francis Moriarty

text: Lord Justice of Appeal

text: White Rajah

text: Charles Vyner Brooke

text: Sylvia Brett

text: Sarawak

text: Alexander Shaw, 2nd Baron Craigmyle

text: Hon. Elsie Mackay

text: P & O

text: Dennis Wyndham

text: Sir Eugen Millington-Drake

text: Teddy Millington-Drake

text: Duke of Carcaci

text: CIE

text: Sir

text: KCIE

text: GCMG

text: KCSI

text: The Right Honourable

text: Lord Inchcape

text: Viscount Inchcape

text: GCSI

text: Earl of Inchcape

text: Lord Inchcape

text: "Rover"

categories: Directors of the Great Western Railway,1932 deaths,BP people,Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India,Knights Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George,Knights Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire,1852 births,Earls in the Peerage of the United Kingdom,Administrators in British India,Anglo-Persian Oil Company

paragraph: James Mackay, 1st Earl of Inchcape

paragraph: James Lyle Mackay, 1st Earl of Inchcape, (11 September 1852 – 23 May 1932), known as Sir James Mackay from 1894 to 1911, was a British businessman and colonial administrator in India who became Chairman of the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company ("P&O").

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: Mackay was the second son and fourth child of James Mackay of Arbroath, Scotland, a well-to-do shipmaster and his wife, Deborah Lyle. On his eighth birthday, Mackay's father took him on a flax run between Montrose, Angus and Archangel in Russia; thereafter he never "missed an opportunity to converse with captains in port."

paragraph: After employment as a scrivener in Arbroath, Mackay joined a firm of rope and canvas makers where his employer recorded: "Jeemie is no bad laddie, but he's a damned sicht [sight] ower-ambitious".

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Mackay's parents died when he was twelve, whereupon he inherited a substantial sum from his father. £2,000 of the bequest was invested in East India shipping, which provided an income of £100 per annum. In 1871, he secured employment with the shipbrokers and agents Gellatly, Hankey and Sewell, who were involved with the newly founded British-India Steam Navigation Company (BI).

paragraph: The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, which shortened the journey from London to Bombay by , created a surge in trade between Europe and India. As a result, BI's Calcutta agents, Mackinnon Mackenzie & Co., asked their London based counterpart, Gray, Dawes & Co., for a new shipping assistant to handle the increased workload. Mackay got the job despite being the third choice, arriving in India in 1874. With the development of inland transport throughout the sub-continent, export opportunities in indigo, coal, tea, jute and wrought iron abounded and saw Mackinnon Mackenzie & Co. enjoy a steady increase in business. The collapse of the City of Glasgow Bank in October 1878 proved a disaster for BI's Bombay agents, Nichol and Co., but allowed Mackay to establish a new branch of Mackinnon Mackenzie & Co. in the city. At the age of 26 he became a partner in the Bombay firm and received a 10% share of the profits, increasing to 15% by 1884. As Mackay later recalled:"Life in Bombay was extremely agreeable. I was elected a member of the Royal Bombay Yacht Club. I built a small yacht, which I named the "Pinafore" and had many delightful cruises in Bombay harbour. I became a member of the Bombay Hunt ... we had glorious hunts every Sunday in the cold weather, a pack of hounds being brought out every season from home, together with a huntsman. I had a bungalow out at Bandra and here I used to go for the week-ends all year round."

paragraph: In 1881, Mackay returned home to Scotland following an attack of typhoid, apparently so weakened by fever that he had to be carried on board his ship at Bombay.

paragraph: By 1914, Mackay was the sole surviving senior partner of the company that would be renamed Inchcape plc in 1981. Mackay was appointed President of the Bengal Chamber of Commerce in 1890, a member of the Legislative Council of the Viceroy of India in 1891 and a member of the Council of the Secretary of State for India in 1897.

paragraph: Section::::Mackay Treaty.

paragraph: In October 1901, Mackay was appointed His Majesty´s Special Commissioner to conduct negotiations with representatives of China, arriving in Shanghai in early December for negotiations. The following year he and Chinese statesman Sheng Xuanhuai negotiated the Sino-British "Mackay Treaty," which anticipated the abolition of extraterritoriality in China. By late July 1902 the negotiations were reported as practically concluded when the British team arrived back in Shanghai, and the treaty was signed by Mackay and Sheng Xuanhua as representatives of their governments on 5 September 1902.

paragraph: Section::::Later career.

paragraph: In 1907, he was re-appointed as a member of the Council of India for a further period of five years.

paragraph: Mackay was largely responsible for solving India's currency problems and for the adoption of the Gold Standard, he was made a baron by King George V for his services to industry and nation in 1911. Mackay later served as Vice-President of the Suez Canal Company, Chairman of the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company ("P&O") and a Director of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company and the National Provincial Bank.

paragraph: Mackay was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE) in 1891, a Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire (KCIE) in 1894, a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of St Michael and St George (GCMG) in 1902 and a Knight Commander of the Order of the Star of India in 1910. In 1911 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Inchcape, of Strathnaver in the County of Sutherland. He chose the title to commemorate the Inchcape Rock, which lies off Arbroath, and Strathnaver in Scotland. In 1924 he was made a Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India and created Viscount Inchcape, of Strathnaver in the County of Sutherland. In 1929 he was further honoured when he was made Viscount Glenapp, of Strathnaver in the County of Sutherland, and Earl of Inchcape.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Mackay died on 23May 1932 aboard his yacht "Rover" in Monte Carlo, Monaco. He left unsettled personal estate valued at £552,809 in Great Britain and was buried on the east side of Glenapp Church, Ballantrae, Ayrshire, close to the then family home at Glenapp Castle, on 31May 1932. His ebony coffin with silver mountings carried his yachting cap and a wreath of lilies from his wife. Under the terms of his will, Mackay left £100 to each of the 202 commanders of P&O and BI vessels with £50 bequeathed to each of the 200 Chief Officers and 200 Chief Engineers "as a slight memento in acknowledgement of your loyalty and fidelity to me".

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Lord Inchcape married Jean Shanks on 10July 1883. They had five children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kenneth Mackay, 2nd Earl of Inchcape (1887–1939). Married Frances Caroline Moriarty (1896-1933), daughter of John Francis Moriarty (1858-1915), Irish Lord Justice of Appeal, and his first wife Catherine Beatrice Kavanagh (1859-1898), on 22 September 1915; they were divorced in 1931. Married Leonora Brooke, daughter of White Rajah Charles Vyner Brooke and Sylvia Brett, Ranee of Sarawak on 1June 1933.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Margaret Cargill Mackay (d. 1958), married Alexander Shaw, 2nd Baron Craigmyle.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Janet Lyle Mackay (d. 1972), married Lt-Col Frederick Bailey, landowner.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hon. Elsie Mackay (circa 1893-1928), aviator, actress, and interior designer for P & O, married (later annulled) actor, Dennis Wyndham. Disappeared at sea while attempting an east-westerly Atlantic flight.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Effie Mackay (1895–1984), married Sir Eugen Millington-Drake, diplomat. Amongst their four children were the artist Teddy Millington-Drake (1932–1994) and the daughter Marie (1924–1973), who in 1960 married the 12th Duke of Carcaci, of an ancient Sicilian aristocratic family.

paragraph: Section::::Styles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1852-1891: James Lyle Mackay

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1891-1894: James Lyle Mackay, CIE

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1894-1902: Sir James Lyle Mackay, KCIE

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1902-1910: Sir James Lyle Mackay, GCMG, KCIE

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1910-1911: Sir James Lyle Mackay, GCMG, KCSI, KCIE

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1911-1924: The Right Honourable the Lord Inchcape, GCMG, KCSI, KCIE

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1924-1929: The Right Honourable the Viscount Inchcape, GCSI, GCMG, KCIE

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1929-1932: The Right Honourable the Earl of Inchcape, GCSI, GCMG, KCIE

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lord Inchcape

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rover", Lord Inchcape's luxury yacht built in 1930

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bibliography

description: British Earl

wikidata_label: James Mackay, 1st Earl of Inchcape

wikipedia_title: James Mackay, 1st Earl of Inchcape


text:
keyboardist
guitarist
vocalist
Whitesnake
James Drury
Don Henley
the Eagles
Don Felder
Bryan Adams
Melissa Etheridge
Stevie Nicks
Forevermore
Don Felder
Road to Forever
John Wants Answers
Official site

categories: 21st-century American keyboardists,21st-century American musicians,1961 births,21st-century male musicians,20th-century American musicians,Living people

paragraph: Timothy Drury

paragraph: Timothy Drury (born July 5, 1961) is an American keyboardist, guitarist and vocalist. He was the keyboard player in rock band Whitesnake until September 2010. He is the son of actor James Drury.

paragraph: He got his big breakthrough when he was asked to play keyboards on Don Henley's End of the Innocence tour in 1989. Since that time he has been touring with famous musicians and bands such as the Eagles, Don Felder, Bryan Adams, Melissa Etheridge and Stevie Nicks. He co-wrote Henley's single, "Everything is Different Now", and co-wrote a song on Stevie Nicks record, "That Made Me Stronger",

paragraph: Drury toured as a member of Whitesnake on their extensive world tour to promote their record, "Good To Be Bad". He performed on their 2011 album "Forevermore". He tours as a keyboardist for Don Felder. He performed on Felder's latest record, "Road to Forever" and co-wrote nine songs on the album.

paragraph: Drury appeared and performed on the August 12, 2010 episode of John Wants Answers, and created the show's outro music.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official site

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Timothy Drury

wikipedia_title: Timothy Drury


text:
Westbury
Long Island
New York
bibliophile
critic
editor in chief
publisher
Franz Kafka
New York City
German
Walt Whitman
Oscar Wilde
Molière
Felicien Rops
Aubrey Beardsley
Felicien Rops
Jules Laforgue
Paul Verlaine
Carl Einstein
silly season
Hyperion
Carl Sternheim
Description of a Struggle

categories: 20th-century publishers (people),20th-century Austrian male writers,Translators to German,Jewish emigrants from Nazi Germany to the United States,Austrian critics,Bibliophiles,Austrian essayists,Austrian translators,19th-century essayists,1871 births,1942 deaths,Austrian editors,19th-century translators,Writers from Vienna,Austrian publishers (people),Austrian emigrants to the United States,20th-century translators,Austrian dramatists and playwrights,Male essayists,19th-century Austrian male writers

paragraph: Franz Blei

paragraph: Franz Blei (pseudonyms: Medardus, Dr. Peregrinus Steinhövel, Amadée de la Houlette, Franciscus Amadeus, Gussie Mc-Bill, Prokop Templin, Heliogabal, Nikodemus Schuster, L. O. G., Hans Adolar; January 18, 1871, ViennaJuly 10, 1942, Westbury, Long Island, New York) was an essayist, playwright and translator. He was also noted as a bibliophile, a critic, an editor in chief and publisher, and a fine wit in conversation. He was a friend and collaborator of Franz Kafka.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was the son of a shoe-maker and trained as an architect. As a member of the Jewish literati, he was at great risk in German-occupied Europe and eventually succeeded after a lengthy odyssey to reach the USA in 1941 where he settled in New York City.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: He translated into German work by Walt Whitman, Oscar Wilde and Molière among others and also published his own monograph on the paintings of the symbolist Felicien Rops. He was also a prolific editor of small-press journals.

paragraph: Kafka said of him: "Franz Blei is much cleverer, and greater, than what he writes." (Janouch, 1971. "Conversations With Kafka").

paragraph: Section::::"Amethyst" and "The Opals".

paragraph: From December 1905 - November 1906 he was the editor of the private magazine "Amethyst" (pub. Hans von Weber) and then "The Opals", which were available by subscription only and were mildly pornographic. The journals featured the artwork of Aubrey Beardsley and Felicien Rops, texts by Jules Laforgue and also erotic prose from translated texts by Paul Verlaine and classic erotic plays and poems from around the world. Only 800 numbered copies were produced of each issue, and the young Kafka had a subscription. "The Opals" was the first to publish Carl Einstein's "Bebuquin", the first German expressionist novel. These literary small-press journals, known about by Kafka scholars for many decades, became the basis for a silly season press story in 2008, in "The Times" of London, when a novelist promoting a new book claimed to have discovered Kafka's 'secret pornography stash' among his archived papers.

paragraph: Section::::"Hyperion".

paragraph: From 1908 to 1909 he co-edited the short-lived journal "Hyperion" with Carl Sternheim, which was the first to publish work by a young Franz Kafka. The first issue published a short fragment of Kafka's story "Description of a Struggle". More substantial extracts of the work were published in the final issue of "Hyperion" in the spring of 1909. Extracts from another seven Kafka works were also published in the magazine.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paul Raabe, "Franz Kafka und Franz Blei", in: "F. Kafka. Ein Symposium. Datierung, Funde, Materialien", Verlag Klaus Wagenbach, Berlin 1965, pp. 7–20.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ulrich E Bach, "Franz Bleis einsames Exil." In: Deutschsprachige Exilliteratur seit 1933 3/I USA Supplement. Ed. John M. Spalek, Konrad Feilchenfeldt and Sandra H. Hawrylchak. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2010: 3-13.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ulrich E Bach, "’Das Formierte der Erotik’: Franz Blei und der erotische Buchhandel." Christine Hauck, Johannes Frimmel and Anke Vogel (eds.), "Erotisch-pornographische Lesestoffe: Das Geschäft mit Erotik im deutschen Sprachraum vom 18. Jahrhundert bis zur Gegenwart." Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz 2015. 143-158.

description: playwright

wikidata_label: Franz Blei

wikipedia_title: Franz Blei


href: French%20people Lyon France Switzerland Belgium Canada

text: French Lyon France Switzerland Belgium Canada

categories: French songwriters,1981 births,21st-century women singers,French female singers,21st-century French singers,Living people

paragraph: Amélie-les-crayons

paragraph: Amélie-les-crayons (born 1981) is a French singer-songwriter, with an emphasis on theatricality and humour in her performances and that of her group.

paragraph: Section::::Musical career.

paragraph: Section::::Musical career.:2001–2003: the beginning.

paragraph: Amélie started in 2001 in bars and cafés in Lyon, France, as a solo piano singer. A 6-track CD, "Le Chant des Coquelicots", was released in 2002. In 2003, she put a real band together with funny-haired Heiko (piano, clarinet, tuba), Michel (accordion) and Laurent (double bass). They soon were very popular in their region, then over France and Switzerland. An ambitious theatrical show was created in January 2004 introducing the magical piano (which opens itself and grows flowers in the inside), funny special effects and the astonishing contact that Amélie creates with her audience.

paragraph: Section::::Musical career.:2004–2006: les crayons.

paragraph: After the release of the new album "Et Pourquoi les Crayons?" in May 2004, they went on touring over France, Switzerland, Belgium and Canada up to August 2006, nearly 200 concerts and 100 000 spectators. The show was shot in December 2005 for a DVD 'le Tour de la Question'. In July 2006, Amélie said good bye to her hometown audience in the Roman Theatre of Vienne, this time in front of a crowd of 8000. By the end of 2006, a few new songs were written and Amelie started working with long-time friend Olivier Longre who plays about 20 different instruments and by the end of spring 2007, they were ready to record 15 new songs.

paragraph: Section::::Musical career.:2007–2009 : the monster piano.

paragraph: The album 'La Porte Plume' was released in October 2007 and a new tour began that would end in December 2009. That time, the show was even more extraordinary : a 2-meter-high door-piano was the central character of a musical set where Amelie surrounded by her 3 boys (Olivier, Antoine and Guillaume) would appear, vanish, be suspended in mid-air, reappear on top of the monster-piano. The show was shot in March 2009 for the DVD 'A l'Ouest' released in August.

paragraph: Section::::Musical career.:2010 : writing again.

paragraph: Amelie was preparing a new show for 2011. In the meantime, she was also collaborating to other artists shows or albums.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002 – "Le chant des coquelicots

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004 – "Et pourquoi les crayons?

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 – "Le tour de la question" DVD

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007 – "La porte plume

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009 – "A l'ouest, je te plumerai la tête" DVD

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2012 – "Jusqu'a La Mer

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014 - "Meli Melo"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017 - "Mille Ponts"

description: French singer

wikidata_label: Amélie-les-crayons

wikipedia_title: Amélie-les-crayons


text:
House of Luxembourg
count of Luxembourg
duke of Bavaria
Siegfried I of Luxembourg
Hedwige of Nordgau
Trier
Echternach
Ratisbon
Emperor Henry II
Henry
Conrad II
Emperor Henry III

categories: Year of birth missing,House of Luxembourg,1026 deaths,Counts of Luxembourg

paragraph: Henry V, Duke of Bavaria

paragraph: Henry (died 1026), of the House of Luxembourg, was the count of Luxembourg (as Henry I) from 998 and the duke of Bavaria (as Henry V) from 1004. He was the son of Siegfried I of Luxembourg and Hedwige of Nordgau.

paragraph: He was the advocate of the abbeys of Saint-Maximin of Trier and Saint-Willibrord of Echternach, hereditary titles within his family.

paragraph: In 1004, at the Diet of Ratisbon, he received Bavaria from his brother-in-law, the Emperor Henry II, who was also the duke of Bavaria. During a quarrel with the emperor in 1009, the duchy was removed from, him but he was reinstated in 1017. He never married and his county passed to his nephew Henry and Bavaria returned to the emperor, then Conrad II, who bestowed it on his son, the later Emperor Henry III.

alias:
Henry I, Count of Luxembourg
Henry
Henry I
Henry V

wikidata_label: Henry V, Duke of Bavaria

wikipedia_title: Henry V, Duke of Bavaria


text: Phoenix, Arizona

text: American

text: Grand Prix

text: motorcycle

text: road racer

text: 1976 500cc Finnish Grand Prix

text: Tepi Länsivuori

text: Barry Sheene

text: Isle of Man TT

text: Senior TT

text: dirt track

text: Ron Grant

text: Gary Nixon

text: Daytona 200

text: Suzuki RG 500

text: Formula 750

text: British Grand Prix

text: Silverstone

text: AMA

text: Motorcycle Hall of Fame

text: Pat Hennen at the AMA Hall of Fame

text: An Interview With Pat Hennen

categories: 500cc World Championship riders,Isle of Man TT riders,1953 births,American motorcycle racers,Living people

paragraph: Pat Hennen

paragraph: Pat Hennen (born April 27, 1953 in Phoenix, Arizona) is an American former Grand Prix motorcycle road racer. He is best known for being the first American to win a 500 cc World Championship race, the 1976 500cc Finnish Grand Prix. Competing as a non-factory rider, he finished third overall in the GP World Championship standings that season, only 2 points behind runner-up Tepi Länsivuori and fellow Suzuki factory rider Barry Sheene.

paragraph: When competing in the 1978 Isle of Man TT races, he suffered career-ending injuries after recording the first ever sub-20 minute lap on a 500 cc Suzuki in the Senior TT.

paragraph: Section::::Early racing career.

paragraph: Hennen began his career racing in dirt track AMA District 36 dirt track racing events in Northern California. In 1973, he was teamed with John Gennai and later Rick Hocking riding Steve Doi-sponsored bikes, both of whom went on to AMA Pro National Championship Series dirt track racing. Hennen's dirt track success earned him the support of Suzuki factory road racer Ron Grant, who mentored Hennen and played a key role in helping him build a successful pro road race career. Hennen switched from professional dirt track to road racing full-time in 1973, but occasionally competed in selected AMA dirt track races, believing that his dirt track experience gave him a distinct advantage in road racing.

paragraph: Section::::Early pro career.

paragraph: In 1974, Hennen won all but one race of the AMA's Junior Road Race National Championship Series, earning him a spot on U.S. Suzuki's factory road race team for the 1975 season, alongside teammate and multi-time AMA National Champion Gary Nixon. At the end of the ’75 season, the U.S. national gas crisis severely impacted all forms of motorsports in the U.S., prompting U.S. Suzuki to shut down its factory road race team for the following season.

paragraph: Riding as a privateer in 1976, Hennen rode an ex-factory Suzuki TR750 to third overall in the Daytona 200, the first time a Suzuki had finished in the top 3 at Daytona. Riding a production Yamaha TZ250 in the 250cc race at Daytona, he finished a very close runner-up to Yamaha factory rider Roberts after a race-long duel.

paragraph: Section::::Grand Prix career.

paragraph: Hennen moved to the European Grand Prix circuit after Daytona in 1976, competing as a privateer in the 500cc World Championships series on a production Suzuki RG 500. He also competed in the fledgling Formula 750 series on the same ex-factory TR750 he rode at Daytona that year. The 500cc World Championships were the highest level of professional road racing during that era. After a slow start to the season learning to compete on the GP circuits, Hennen finished runner-up in the Dutch GP at Assen, behind Sheene and ahead of multi-time World Champion Giacomo Agostini. From that race on, Hennen consistently finished in the top three and won his first GP, the Finnish GP, behind the legendary Finnish rider Länsivuori, who later became Hennen's mentor. Länsivuori was responsible for Hennen's adopting the style of riding made popular by Länsivuori and fellow legendary Finnish rider Jarno Saarinen, where they stayed very low while hanging off the side of the bike dramatically when cornering, their knee lightly dragging over the tarmac.

paragraph: Having established himself as one of the top three GP riders in ’76 earned Hennen a position on Suzuki Japan's factory GP road race team for 1977, teamed with newly crowned 500cc World Champion Sheene and fellow Brit Steve Parrish, now a TV motorsports commentor. Hennen's many often contentious battles on and off the track with Sheene were widely publicized in the world press. A sports fan poll conducted by a major UK newspaper in 1977 found that Hennen was the second most recognized American athlete worldwide, behind tennis player John McEnroe. Sheene was unhappy about being teamed on a British-based team with a young American who was a clear threat.

paragraph: Hennen's bid for the 1977 World Championship was spoiled by a 170 mph crash at the Italian GP, at Imola, two laps after he took the lead in the race. The leg injury he sustained also cost him points at the next two GPs, but he regained his form by season's end, winning the 1977 British Grand Prix at Silverstone, the first ever GP held on the British mainland. Beatle George Harrison and his wife hosted the victory dinner for Hennen and the rest of the Suzuki factory team after his Silverstone win. Harrison and Ringo Starr were close friends of Sheene and regularly attended GP events as VIP guests of the Suzuki GP team. Hennen followed that win up by winning the Race of Year at Mallory Park.

paragraph: Sheene won the opening round at Caracas, Venezuela, and Hennen the next round at Jarama, Spain, in convincing style, followed by Roberts, who then took the next round, at Nogaro, France. The title had become a two-man battle between Hennen and Roberts, with Sheene consistently finishing behind the two.

paragraph: At midseason, Roberts led Hennen by 3 points, with Sheene some distance back. With the most challenging GP circuits ahead of them, Hennen had become the odds-on favorite of many GP racing cognoscente to win the World Championship. But Hennen's title chase came to an end when he suffered a career-ending crash at the 1978 Isle of Man TT, regarded as the world's most dangerous circuit. He had just recorded the first ever sub-twenty-minute lap in TT history when he clipped a curb at 160 m.p.h. There was a suggestion at the time that he had struck a bird although this is now considered an unfounded rumor. The horrific crash caused injuries that ultimately led to his retirement from racing.[3] Roberts was later quoted as saying, “I had everyone covered in ’78 but Pat Hennen.”

paragraph: Section::::Car racing career.

paragraph: In 1976, after recording his first win on the European continent at a national race at the Österreichring circuit, Austria, Hennen was introduced to the head of the BMW car factory's fledgling driver development program. After turning in an impressive test drive at the Österreichring in a Formula Ford, Hennen was signed to a three-year development driver contract. Whenever his Grand Prix motorcycle schedule would permit it, Hennen started competing in car races to learn how to race first closed wheel and then open wheel race cars. He finished second overall in the Saturday round of the 1977 Formula Ford Festival, at Brands Hatch, England, competing against Chico Serra and Nigel Mansel, who later became front-running F1 drivers.

paragraph: Section::::Other racing successes.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Won the 1977 Race of the Year, at Mallory Park, the biggest "national" race in the UK during the 1970s.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Top points scorer at the 1978 Trans-Atlantic Match Races, ahead of Kenny Roberts, scoring three wins, two seconds and a third.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Won the New Zealand Marlboro series three consecutive years (1974–75, 1975–76 and 1976–77), riding Suzuki TR500, TR750 and RG500 machines. The South Pacific's most prestigious road race series during the ‘70s, the Marlboro Series was run over five seasons.

paragraph: Section::::Honors and awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hennen was inducted into the AMA Motorcycle Hall of Fame in 2007.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In the GP/MotoGP racing’s record books, Hennen is still ranked in the top 10 in podium finishes, along with other legendary GP riders like Mike Hailwood, Giacomo Agostini, Sheene and Roberts.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life today.

paragraph: Hennen resides in Northern California, in the San Francisco Bay Area, and regularly attends GP Legends and Vintage Race Motorcycle events around the world. He has returned to the Isle of Man twice since his career-ending crash there.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pat Hennen at the AMA Hall of Fame

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pat Hennen in January 1977 American Motorcyclist Magazine article on European road racing

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reminiscences of Hennen's visits to Australia

paragraph: BULLET::::- An Interview With Pat Hennen

description: American motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Pat Hennen

wikipedia_title: Pat Hennen


text: ascetic

text: monastic

text: intercessor

text: starets

text: Christian

text: Paphlagonia

text: widow

text: deaconess

text: ascetic

text: Great Martyr

text: Saint Euphemia

text: monasteries

text: monk

text: nun

text: Eastern Orthodox Church

text: Eastern Catholic Churches

text: Byzantine Rite

text: Roman Catholic Church

text: Julian Calendar

text: Gregorian Calendar

text: relic

text: Monastery of Koutloumousiou

text: Mount Athos

text: stylite

text: Simeon Stylites the Elder

text: Daniel the Stylite

text: Herbert Thurston

text: Foolishness for Christ

text: Hermit

text: Poustinia

text: Stylianos of Paphlagonia

text: The Venerable Alypius the Stylite

text: Nikolaj Velimirović

text: Serbian Orthodox Church

text: icon

text: synaxarion

categories: Saints of medieval Greece,Stylites,522 births,Greek hermits,640 deaths,7th-century Christian saints

paragraph: Alypius the Stylite

paragraph: Saint Alypius the Stylite () was a seventh-century ascetic saint. He is revered as a monastic founder, an intercessor for the infertile, and a protector of children. During his lifetime he was a much sought-after starets (guide in the Christian spiritual life).

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Alypius was born in the city of Hadrianopolis in Paphlagonia. His mother, who had been widowed early, was very pious. She sent her son to be educated by the bishop Theodore, gave all of her livelihood to the poor, and herself became a deaconess and lived an ascetic life.

paragraph: Alypius yearned to practice the life of a hermit, but Bishop Theodore would not give him permission to do so. Alypius built a church in honour of the Great Martyr Saint Euphemia the All-Praised on the site of a dilapidated pagan temple. He erected a pillar beside the church and lived atop it for the majority of his adult life. Two monasteries were built beside his pillar, one for monks and one for nuns, and Saint Alypius served as spiritual director of both. After standing upright for fifty-three years, Alypius found his feet no longer able to support him, but instead of descending from his pillar lay down on his side and spent the remaining fourteen years of his life in that position. Alypius died in 640, at the claimed age of 118.

paragraph: Section::::Veneration.

paragraph: Alypius is venerated in the Eastern Orthodox Church and those Eastern Catholic Churches which follow the Byzantine Rite, as well as the Roman Catholic Church on November 26. For those churches which follow the Julian Calendar November 26 currently falls on December 9 of the modern Gregorian Calendar. After his death his relics were interred in the Church of St. Euphemia which he had built. His head is preserved in the Monastery of Koutloumousiou on the Mount Athos.

paragraph: Alypius is recognised as one of the three great stylite ascetics along with Simeon Stylites the Elder and Daniel the Stylite. Herbert Thurston says of the Stylites that they did, in an age of terrible corruption and social decadence, impress the need of penance more than anything else could have done upon the minds and imagination of Eastern Christians.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Foolishness for Christ

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hermit

paragraph: BULLET::::- Poustinia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stylianos of Paphlagonia

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Venerable Alypius the Stylite "Prologue from Ochrid" by St. Nikolaj Velimirović, Serbian Orthodox Church

paragraph: BULLET::::- Venerable Alypius the Stylite of Adrianopolis Orthodox icon and synaxarion

paragraph: BULLET::::- Translation of The Life of Alypius the Stylite (BHG 65)

description: Christian saint

wikidata_label: Alypius the Stylite

wikipedia_title: Alypius the Stylite


text: Georgian

text: calligrapher

text: Byzantine Empire

text: Hagiorite

text: Athonite

text: Iviron monastery

text: Mount Athos

text: hegumen

text: Christian

text: Fathers of the Church

text: Psalms

text: exegesis

text: synaxaria

text: Greek

text: Euthymius of Athos

text: John of Athos

text: canon law

text: autocephaly

text: Georgian Orthodox church

text: Patriarch of Antioch

text: saint

text: Great Schism

text: Christendom

text: Trialeti

text: Bagrat III of Georgia

text: Iran

text: Khakhuli

text: Constantinople

text: theology

text: Jerusalem

text: Black Mountain

text: Antioch

text: Greece

text: Antioch

text: heresy

text: St. Andrew

text: Colchis

text: Iberia

text: catholicos

text: Melchizedek I

text: patriarch

text: Twelve Apostles

text: Theodosius III of Antioch

text: Bagrat IV

text: East-West Schism

text: dénouement

text: Peter III of Antioch

text: John III of Kiev

text: Byzantine world

text: Michael I Cerularius

text: Byzantine emperor

text: Constantine X

text: Athens

text: Georgian Orthodox Church

text: Gospels

text: Basil of Caesarea

text: Gregory of Nyssa

text: Athanasius

text: John of Damascus

text: Nectarius of Constantinople

text: Dorotheus of Tyre

text: Euthymius

text: council of Ruisi-Urbnisi

text: David IV

text: Orthodox Church in America

categories: Byzantine people of Georgian descent,Christian monks from Georgia (country),Athonite Fathers,11th-century people from Georgia (country),11th-century Christian saints,Eastern Orthodox saints,Male writers from Georgia (country),1009 births,1065 deaths,Saints of Georgia (country)

paragraph: George the Hagiorite

paragraph: George the Hagiorite, George of Athos, Giorgi Mtatsmindeli or Giorgi Atoneli () (1009 – June 27, 1065) was a Georgian monk, calligrapher, religious writer, and translator, who spearheaded the activities of Georgian monastic communities in the Byzantine Empire. His epithets "Mt'ats'mindeli" and "At'oneli", meaning "of the Holy Mountain" (Hagiorite) and "of Athos" (Athonite) respectively, are a reference to his association with the Iviron monastery on Mount Athos, where he served as hegumen.

paragraph: One of the most influential Christian churchmen of medieval Georgia, George acted as an arbitrator and facilitator of cross-cultural engagement between his native country and the Byzantine Empire. He extensively translated the Fathers of the Church, the Psalms, works of exegesis and synaxaria from Greek – some things which had not previously existed in Georgian, revised some others, and improved the translations of one of his predecessors, Euthymius of Athos, to whom (and also to John of Athos) George dedicated his most important original work "The Vitae of John and Euthymius". Active also in Georgia, he helped regulate local canon law, and brought his young compatriots to be educated at Athos. His defense of the autocephaly of the Georgian Orthodox church when it was questioned by the Patriarch of Antioch made him one of the most venerated saints in Georgia. He featured prominently during the Great Schism between the Eastern and Western Christendom, being one of the few Eastern churchmen who defended the separated Western brethren.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: George was born in Trialeti, a southern province of Georgia, into the aristocratic family of Jacob, sometime envoy of King Bagrat III of Georgia to Iran, and his wife Mariam. He was sent to a local monastery at Tadzrisi at the age of seven to commence his education and after three years moved to another, at Khakhuli. Around 1022, George was sent to Constantinople where he mastered Greek and gained a profound knowledge of Byzantine theology. After his return to Georgia in 1034 he took monastic tonsure at Khakhuli, then made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem and subsequently spent some time as the disciple of another Georgian monk, George the Recluse, on the Black Mountain near Antioch. In 1040, George established himself at the Iviron (literally, "of the Georgians") monastery on Mount Athos, Greece. Four years later, upon the death of the hegumen Stephanos, George was consecrated as his successor. He reorganized and refurbished the Iviron cloister, and made it into a vibrant center of Georgian Orthodox culture.

paragraph: At some point between 1052 and 1057, George left his fellow monk George of Oltisi in charge of the Iviron monastery, and set off to Antioch to appear before the Patriarch to defend his brethren, accused by a group of the Greek clerics of heresy. The dispute quickly evolved around the canonical legality of the autocephaly of the Georgian Orthodox church, which had originally operated within the framework of the see of Antioch, but had been becoming increasingly independent since the 6th century. In defense of the Georgian autocephaly, George was referring to St. Andrew's mission to ancient Colchis and Iberia, a version which appears in medieval Georgian ecclesiastic tradition. Early in the 11th century, the autocephalous catholicos Melchizedek I (1012–30) assumed the additional title of patriarch, but Antioch was reluctant to recognize the move on the grounds that none of the Twelve Apostles had peregrinated in Georgia. In the end, George persuaded Theodosius III of Antioch to grant his confirmation to the autocephalous status of the Georgian church. This happened around the same time when the Byzantine government finally abandoned its efforts at forcing Georgia into submission, and reconciled with the Georgian king Bagrat IV.

paragraph: In the gradually increasing polarity of the patriarchates of Rome and Constantinople that preceded the East-West Schism and the dénouement of 1054, the position of Georgian churchmen, and especially that of the Iviron monastery, was more lenient than the Greek (the other notable exceptions were Patriarch Peter III of Antioch and Metropolitan John III of Kiev). George was one of the few clerics in the Byzantine world who had deplored Michael I Cerularius’s stance towards the Western brethren aloud, and asserted, in 1064, in the presence of the Byzantine emperor Constantine X the inerrancy of the Roman church.

paragraph: Although George declined Bagrat IV's repeated urges to lead the Georgian church, he, in 1057/8, took up the royal invitation to return to Georgia for five years. There, he initiated reforms in the Georgian church that were to contribute to a cleansed ecclesiastic hierarchy and regulate its relations with the increasingly strengthening royal authority. On his way back to Greece, George visited Constantinople and obtained the imperial decree for the education of Georgian students at Athos. He did not reach his destination, however, and died at Athens on June 29, 1065. The Athonite monks interred him at the Iviron monastery.

paragraph: George the Hagiorite was subsequently canonized by the Georgian Orthodox Church and is remembered annually on July 10.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: The influence of George’s legacy on Georgian religious tradition was immense. He worked on an updated translation of the Gospels and translated, more literally, writings of Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Nyssa, Athanasius, John of Damascus, Nectarius of Constantinople, Dorotheus of Tyre and others. His translations as well as original works set the standards for the medieval Georgian hymnography, liturgy, and hagiography. His work may be considered as a continuation, and to some extent a rectification, of that of Euthymius (c. 955-1028), and marked the high point of the literary tradition flourishing at the foreign centers of Georgian monasticism.

paragraph: The activity of George and his fellow Athonite Georgians laid a foundation for the basic principles of the practice and moral life of Christians as well as the relationship between the royal court and the church later promoted and officially adopted by the national ecclesiastic council of Ruisi-Urbnisi held under the presidency of the king David IV in 1103.

paragraph: "The Vitae of Our Blessed Fathers John and Euthymius and an Account of their Worthy Achievements" (ცხოვრება ნეტარისა მამისა ჩუენისა იოანესი და ეფთჳმესი და უწყებაჲ ღირსისა მის მოქალაქობისა მათისაჲ) is George's most important original work, dedicated to his Athonite forerunners. It combines hagiography with religious and political propaganda, and historical record. Written some time after 1040, this manuscript of some 12,000 words in the Athos collection is a history and praise of the Iviron community, their contribution to the Georgian patristic literature and the defense of Byzantine monasticism. Apart from its political and theological message, George’s work is noted for its graphic rhythmic prose, describing the monks working in the garden and vineyards. In 1066, a year after his death, George himself became the subject of a similar biography by his disciple George the Minor (or Priest-Monk George [died post-1083]).

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Baramidze, Alexander (ed., 1966). "გიორგი მთაწმიდელი" ("Giorgi Mt’ats’mindeli") in: ქართული ლიტერატურის ისტორია ("History of Georgian Literature"). Tbilisi: Sabchota Sakartvelo.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lives of all saints commemorated on June 27: Venerable George of Mt. Athos, Georgian. Orthodox Church in America.

description: Georgian saint

wikidata_label: George the Hagiorite

wikipedia_title: George the Hagiorite