text:
Vincent van Gogh
Sorrow
The Hague
working poor
Theo
Anton Mauve
Hague School
Drenthe
Schelde
Kee Vos Stricker
van Gogh family
Salon
Etten
Schenkweg
Pulchri Studio
gonorrhea
Leiden
Drenthe
family members
Van Gogh Museum
self-portraits by Vincent van Gogh
The Potato Eaters
The Roulin Family series
social realism
Hubert von Herkomer
Samuel Luke Fildes
Frank Holl
The Graphic
social reformer
William Luson Thomas
Adrianus Jacobus Zuyderland
Sorrow
soup kitchen
George Hendrik Breitner
chiaroscuro
Hulsker, Jan
Phaidon
Naifeh, Steven
Smith, Gregory White
Pomerans, Arnold
Sweetman, David

categories: Vincent van Gogh paintings of the Netherlands,1883 paintings,Paintings by Vincent van Gogh,Series of Vincent van Gogh paintings,1880s paintings,1882 paintings

paragraph: Sien (Van Gogh series)

paragraph: Vincent van Gogh drew and painted a series of works of his mistress Sien during their time together in the Netherlands. In particular, his drawing "Sorrow" is widely acknowledged as a masterwork of draftsmanship, the culmination of a long and sometimes uncertain apprenticeship in learning his craft.

paragraph: Commonly called Sien Hoornik, Clasina Maria Hoornik (1850–1904) lived with van Gogh during much of his time in The Hague from 1881 to 1883. Van Gogh used Sien, a pregnant prostitute, as a model for his work and later took Sien and her daughter into his home. Van Gogh made drawings and paintings of Sien and her daughter, baby and mother over that period, which reflected the domestic life and hardships of the working poor. Their relationship was not accepted by his family or supporters, although his brother Theo did not withdraw his support over it. It did contribute undoubtedly, however, to a split with Anton Mauve, a cousin-in-law and noted painter of the Hague School, who had introduced van Gogh to painting as well as supporting him financially, and whom van Gogh revered. At his brother Theo's urging, van Gogh left Sien in 1883 to paint in Drenthe, ending the only domestic relationship he would ever have.

paragraph: Sien resumed her life as a seamstress, cleaning woman and likely prostitute before marrying in 1901. On 12 November 1904, aged 54, she threw herself into the Schelde river and drowned, fulfilling a prediction she had made to van Gogh in 1883: "what the bad moods are is still more desperate ... 'it's bound to end up with me jumping into the water.

paragraph: Section::::Estrangement from family.

paragraph: In the summer of 1881, van Gogh fell in love with his recently widowed first cousin, Kee Vos Stricker. He proposed marriage, but was rebuffed with an adamant "no, nay, never" (""nooit, neen, nimmer""). Undeterred, he nevertheless continued to press his attentions despite the increasing dismay and disapproval of his family which eventually led to his leaving the family home for a while to study drawing at The Hague with his cousin-in-law Anton Mauve.

paragraph: Mauve was a successful and noted artist, a leading member of the Hague School and a master colorist whose paintings found a ready market both home and abroad. He had married van Gogh's cousin, Ariëtte (Jet) Carbentus, in 1874 while she was still very young and he was already established and successful, and as such was lionised by the van Gogh family. At the time, he was busy with his massive "Fishing Boat on the Beach" that he was preparing for the next year's Salon, but he nevertheless found time for van Gogh to advise him on his drawings, inviting him to return in a few months time to review progress.

paragraph: After a last, humiliating effort to win Kee over, an episode that severely rocked his religious faith, van Gogh returned to his parents' home in Etten in late 1881. On Christmas Day that year, he refused to attend church, provoking a violent quarrel with his father, a pastor, which resulted in his leaving home the very same day.

paragraph: He returned to The Hague and studied further under Mauve. Mauve helped him to establish a modest studio on the Schenkweg on the outer fringes of The Hague, lending him money to purchase furniture, and introduced him to the Pulchri Studio, The Hague's most important art society in which he himself played a major role. He also introduced van Gogh to painting, first in oils and then with watercolor.

paragraph: Section::::Sien.

paragraph: At the end of January 1882, on his own account, van Gogh met a homeless, pregnant, prostitute named Clasina (Sien) Maria Hoornik who had been deserted by the father of the child she was carrying. The exact date of this meeting is not known beyond van Gogh's dating of it in a letter to Theo written in May. However, another letter written mid-January mentions he was negotiating modelling with "a mother with a little child" and it does seem plausible this was Sien. It has also been suggested that the woman he "found" following his humiliating rejection by his cousin Kee Vos, as described in a letter to Theo around 23 December the preceding year and immediately before his final estrangement from his father that Christmas Day, was in fact Sien, although there is no direct evidence for the surmise. Based on the dates, van Gogh could not have been the father of the child.

paragraph: Sien was born in 1850, the eldest of ten children of Pieter Hoornik, a porter in the poor district of the Geest, and his wife. Pieter died in 1875. To provide for the family, Sien and her mother worked as seamstresses and cleaned homes. Their earnings were supplemented by what Sien's brother, Pieter, could provide from the income of his chair-making business. The family often relied upon public assistance. For a time Sien and some of her siblings lived at a Catholic orphanage, relying on assistance from the public soup kitchen and church charities. So meager were her earnings, she turned to prostitution for a better income. By the age of 32, the unmarried Sien had given birth to four children, two of whom lived: Maria Wilhelmina, born about 1877, and Willem, born July 1882. Sien experienced poor health due to the post-operative effects of earlier surgeries, illness, and venereal disease, which she seems to have passed to van Gogh, who was hospitalized in June 1882 for gonorrhea.

paragraph: Sien posed for van Gogh throughout the winter. In exchange, van Gogh provided Sien and her daughter with a place to live and food to eat. Sien was ill when he met her and he did what he could to nurse her back to health. Van Gogh considered marrying Sien to take care of her and keep her off the streets. He envisioned a life where Sien would be his helpmate, helping him further his artistic career. Sien wanted to be married to him, too, even though he was poor. His family, including his brother and supporter Theo, opposed the relationship and his hope for continued support was doubtful.

paragraph: In June 1882, van Gogh was hospitalized for gonorrhea. Disobeying doctor's orders, he left the hospital July 1 to visit Sien in Leiden, where she had just given birth to a baby boy. Van Gogh moved to a larger studio next door with Sien and her two children. Sien required an extended period of recovery from a difficult pregnancy and delivery. The baby boy, though, seemed to bring much happiness to van Gogh. He explained that while he endeavored to go deeper as an artist, he was also looking to do so as a man.

paragraph: Section::::Reaction to his relationship with Sien.

paragraph: As a result of his relationship with Sien, van Gogh experienced the loss of support and goodwill from family and friends and his relationship with his parents was further strained. His teacher and cousin-in-law, Anton Mauve, abruptly ceased his support and tutelage within a few weeks of Van Gogh first meeting Sien, although there were other factors involved as well, not least their mutual melancholy. Hulsker called this a simple tragedy for van Gogh. Likewise, a long-standing family friend, Hermanus Tersteeg, an influential art dealer who taught Vincent and his brother Theo a great deal about art and literature, and who gave Vincent his first set of art supplies when he decided to become an artist, although he was always somewhat equivocal in his support, abruptly withdrew at the same time.

paragraph: Van Gogh's relationship with Mauve in truth had scarcely lasted a month. Already by the end of January, he was writing his brother Theo that he did not always find it easy to get along with Mauve. Shortly after this, they fell out with each other over an issue involving drawing from plaster casts, which Mauve was anxious van Gogh should undertake to perfect his technique. Van Gogh, however, vehemently insisted on drawing from models, and in a fit of pique destroyed some plaster casts of hands and feet that Mauve had given him to make studies from. Following that incident, Mauve said he would have nothing more to do with him for the next two months ("i.e.", for the rest of the winter). In reality, Mauve had resolved to break with Van Gogh completely. Van Gogh initially blamed Tersteeg for Mauve's indifference, but a chance meeting with Mauve in May made it clear to him that Mauve had definitively broken with him. He described the meeting in a letter to Theo, and in the same letter he revealed his relationship with Sien for the first time and passionately defended it:

paragraph: Van Gogh left Sien the autumn of 1883 and went to Drenthe to paint. Sien went back to work as a seamstress, charwoman and possibly as a prostitute. Her children, Maria and Willem, lived with Sien's mother and brother Pieter. In 1901, Sien married a seaman, Anton van Wijk. She committed suicide in 1904 at the age of 54 in Rotterdam's harbor, 14 years after van Gogh's death.

paragraph: Section::::Depiction of families.

paragraph: Throughout his career, van Gogh made few portraits of his close artistic friends or family members. In particular, no portraits were thought to exist even of his brother Theo, by far the closest to him. However, in 2011, the Van Gogh Museum's senior researcher, Louis van Tilborgh, announced that he was satisfied that one of the many self-portraits by Vincent van Gogh is in fact a portrait of his brother Theo. His conclusion was based on a number of striking differences between their features. Theo's portrait, made in 1887, shows a man with shaved cheeks. Theo's beard is not red like Vincent's, but more ochre. On top of that, this man's ear has a fine rounded shell, unlike Vincent's but like Theo's.

paragraph: Vincent had a particular interest in painting families of the working class, as seen in "The Potato Eaters", his The Roulin Family series. He was influenced especially by the social realism of the English illustrators, such as Hubert von Herkomer, Samuel Luke Fildes, and Frank Holl, working for "The Graphic", a British weekly illustrated newspaper founded by the social reformer William Luson Thomas. Van Gogh frequently referred to them in his letters, and he had obtained a complete set of back numbers of "The Graphic" between 1870 and 1880, decorating his studio with his favourite prints.

paragraph: By August 1882, he had taken up painting in oils in earnest but, despite a promising start, abruptly abandoned it after a month, not to resume again until the following summer. Part of the reason was undoubtedly the expense of painting in oils, but Naifeh and Smith suggest the real reason was that at that time his heart lay in drawing. In his moving letter of 16 May 1882, describing his final humiliation from the family of Kee Vos and how he had come to meet Sien and his relationship with her, he wrote:

paragraph: By September, Sien had recovered from her difficult confinement and was ready to pose again. At the same time, van Gogh had discovered his "orphan man", Adrianus Jacobus Zuyderland, who was to become his favourite and most patient model. With the winter drawing in and working outdoors increasingly difficult, van Gogh retreated to his studio and returned to drawing figures. He used the remaining canvas from his work in oils to shutter his windows and adjust the light falling on his models.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Section::::Works.:Sien.

paragraph: The works of Sien, a 32-year-old prostitute and seamstress, often depict her in traditional domestic feminine roles: a mother, seamstress, and domestic worker. In the drawing "Sorrow" (F929, F929a) and a subsequent lithograph (F1655), Sien represents a woman's sorrow and frailty. Some of the works are iconic, such as "Woman Seated" (F935, JH143) and "Mother with Child". When van Gogh made drawings of Sien sewing, the compositions were simple as was her work. If she had been in a higher station in life, a painting of her sewing would no doubt have shown her performing embroidery. Rather than being an activity for enjoyment, Sien's sewing was one of drudgery.

paragraph: Regarding "Woman Seated", it is curious that he posed Sien in a dress identical to one worn by Kee Vos Stricker, as can be verified by the photograph of Kee Vos and her son catalogued in the Dutch national archive "Geheugen van Nederland" and held in the collection of the Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam (reproduced top left).

paragraph: In a letter van Gogh mentioned how he considered Sien his helpmate or partner in the creation of the works which depicted her. He would write Theo about his relationship with Sien, saying that it wasn't exactly love between them but rather a mutual understanding. Vincent took Sien off the streets and provided for her and her children, and in return she posed for him.

paragraph: Section::::Public soup kitchen.

paragraph: Quite poor, Sien's family often relied upon the public soup kitchen for food.

paragraph: Hulsker called the signed drawing "The Public Soup Kitchen" (F1020a below) important and attractive. Van Gogh and his contemporary George Hendrik Breitner had sketched together at a soup kitchen in the Geest (it is not known which of the several possibilities it was). After going to the trouble and expense of installing shutters in his windows to adjust the light and to recreate the scene itself in his studio, van Gogh was able to study his models at leisure. In this way he was able to introduce more "chiaroscuro" (light and dark) in his drawing, which he executed with the natural ('mountain') chalk that Theo had sent him and whose properties he lauds in his letters. All the models are from Sien's family: her mother and baby on the left, her sister, back turned, and her daughter, hair cropped as a precaution against lice, in the center, with Sien herself, superbly executed in profile, on the right. The watercolor F1020b (below) is much less successful as van Gogh himself acknowledged, blaming the paper in part for not being right for the job.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hulsker, Jan. "The Complete Van Gogh". Oxford: Phaidon, 1980.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Naifeh, Steven; Smith, Gregory White. "Van Gogh: The Life". Profile Books, 2011.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pomerans, Arnold. "The Letters of Vincent van Gogh". Penguin Classics, 2003.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sweetman, David. "The Love of Many Things: A Life of Vincent van Gogh". Hodder & Stoughton Ltd., 1990.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zemel, C (1997). "Van Gogh's Progress: Utopia, Modernity, and Late-Nineteenth-Century Art". Berkeley: University of California Press. .

alias:
Sien
Clasina Maria Hoornik

description: Dutch tailor and prostitute

wikidata_label: Sien Hoornik

wikipedia_title: Sien (Van Gogh series)


text: Saarbrücken

text: Strasbourg

text: Saarbrücken

text: Major General

text: Rhine

text: Holy Roman Empire of German Nation

text: William Louis of Nassau-Saarbrücken

text: Anna Amalia of Baden-Durlach

text: Gustav II Adolf of Sweden

text: Thirty Years' War

text: Metz

text: Basel

text: Charles X Gustav

text: Palatinate-Zweibrücken

text: Walrad

text: Saarbrücken

text: Saarwerden

text: Louis XIV

text: reunion policy

text: Alsace

text: Louis Crato

text: Charles Louis

paragraph: Gustav Adolph, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken

paragraph: Gustav Adolf of Nassau-Saarbrücken (27 March 1632, Saarbrücken – 9 October 1677, Strasbourg) was Count of Saarbrücken and Major General at the Rhine of the Holy Roman Empire of German Nation.

paragraph: He was the third son of Count William Louis of Nassau-Saarbrücken (1590 — 22 August 1640) and Countess Anna Amalia of Baden-Durlach (1595–1651), who named him after king Gustav II Adolf of Sweden, who was still alive at the time.

paragraph: During the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), the family fled to Metz, where his father died in 1640. In 1643 his mother returned to Saarbrücken with the children.

paragraph: From 1645 to 1649 he studied in Basel.

paragraph: He then fought on the French side against Spain. In 1658 he fought against Denmark in the service of the Swedish king Charles X Gustav, who was a duke of the house Palatinate-Zweibrücken. Later, he served in the imperial army, possibly until 1659.

paragraph: Until 1651 his mother had been Regent of his behalf; from 1651 to 1659, his older brother John Louis had been regent. In 1660, Gustav Adolf and his brothers John Louis and Walrad divided the territory and Gustav Adolf took up the reign of the counties of Saarbrücken and Saarwerden.

paragraph: He set about rebuilding the war-ravaged country, brought back refugees and recruited settlers for agriculture and skilled workers for the glass industry in Klarenthal.

paragraph: Adolf could not resist King Louis XIV's "reunion policy". He refused to swear the required oath of fealty from the king, even when he was captured in 1673 by the French and taken to Metz. After his release the following year, he was not allowed to return to his country.

paragraph: Adolf enrolled in the imperial army in 1676 and participated in the battle of Philippsburg in the Alsace in 1677. He died of injuries suffered in combat on Mount Kochersberg (northwest of Strasbourg). He was finally buried, after several temporary graves, in the St. Thomas Church at Strasbourg. His mummified corpse was on display there from 1802 to 1990 in a glass sarcophagus. His body was transferred and buried in the tomb erected by his wife in the castle church in Saarbrücken in 1998.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and issue.

paragraph: On 14 June 1662 he married Landgravine Eleonore Klara of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein (1632–1709), daughter of the Count Crato of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein, with whom he had seven children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Louis Crato (1663–1713)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Charles Louis (1665–1723)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sophie Amalia (1666–1736), married to Albert Wolfgang, Count of Hohenlohe-Langenburg.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gustav Adolph (1667–1683)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sophie Eleonore (1669–1742)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sophie Dorothea (1670–1748)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Philip William (1671-1671)

description: Count of Saarbrücken and General sergeant of the Holy Roman Empire at the Rhine

wikidata_label: Gustav Adolph of Nassau-Saarbrücken


text:
Gothic style
Pere Nicolau
Valencia
Cortes de Arenoso
coffer
Llotja de la Seda
Teruel
Barcelona

categories: 1382 births,1452 deaths,Valencian painters,People from Valencia,Gothic painters

paragraph: Jaume Mateu

paragraph: Jaume Mateu (1382–1452) was a Valencian painter of the Gothic style. The nephew and collaborator of Pere Nicolau, he is known to have worked in Valencia from 1402 to 1453.

paragraph: Works attributed to him include the "Adoration of the Shepherds" (1430, part of an altarpiece now disappeared) in the museum of Cortes de Arenoso and a "Nativity" (1430). He participated in the coffer decoration of the Golden Hall Llotja de la Seda.

paragraph: He is known to have taken commissions from patrons in Teruel and Barcelona.

alias:
Juan Matéu
Jacobo Mateo
Jaime Matheu
Jacobo Mateu
Jaime Mateu
Juan Mateu

description: Spanish artist

wikidata_label: Jaume Mateu

wikipedia_title: Jaume Mateu


text: Aspen Art Museum

text: Whitney Museum of American Art

text: The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum

text: San Francisco University High School

text: University of California, Los Angeles

text: chess gambit

text: Chloë Sevigny

text: Thomas Mann

text: Tonio Kröger

text: Roberta Smith

text: The Doppelganger

text: Bard College

text: Whitney Biennial

text: Museum of Modern Art

text: Whitney Museum

text: Edward Lachman

text: River Phoenix

text: Dark Blood

text: La Jetée

text: Nowness.com

text: Galería Helga de Alvear

text: Johnson Museum of Art

text: Shane Salerno

text: Salinger

text: Catcher in the Rye

text: William Blake

text: John Keats

text: Robert Browning

text: Jon Rafman

text: Andy Hope 1930

text: Lizzie Fitch

text: Ryan Trecartin

text: Matthew Higgs

text: Dustin O’Halloran

text: John Major Jenkins

text: Whitney Museum of American Art

text: Brooklyn Museum

text: Colección Jumex

text: Museum of Modern Art

text: Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation

text: Frans Hals Museum

text: Fundación Helga de Alvear

text: Slater Bradley

text: Galería Helga de Alvear

text: Galeria Filomena Soares

text: The Breeder

text: Galerie Isa

text: Goodroom

text: Eric Firestone Gallery

text: there-there

categories: Artists from San Francisco,American photographers,1975 births,Artists from New York City,University of California, Los Angeles alumni,Living people

paragraph: Slater Bradley

paragraph: Slater Bradley (born 1975) is an American artist and "something of a cult hero" who works in the mediums of photography, drawing, painting, film and video. Dubbed the "unintended king of serendipity" by Heidi Zuckerman Jacobson, he has exhibited collaborative work with Ed Lachman at the Aspen Art Museum and the Whitney Museum of American Art. In 2005, at the age of 30, Bradley became the youngest male artist to have a solo show at The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York. He is represented by Galería Helga de Alvear in Madrid, Galeria Filomena Soares in Lisbon, and The Breeder Gallery in Athens. He currently lives and works in Berlin, Germany.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Slater Bradley was born and raised in San Francisco, California. He graduated from San Francisco University High School in 1993 and earned a B.A. from the University of California, Los Angeles in 1998.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: Bradley launched his career with his first solo show titled "The Fried Liver Attack", named after the chess gambit which sacrifices the knight, at Team Gallery in 1999.

paragraph: He gained notoriety at 25, with his second solo show, "Charlatan," also at Team Gallery, which displayed his "real flair for capturing emotional moments". The show featured a video work with actress Chloë Sevigny standing on a cloudy beach reciting Thomas Mann's Tonio Kröger as well as the videos "JFK Jr." and "Female Gargoyle". In a review of "Charlatan", critic Roberta Smith offers the statement "It is a declaration of artistic intent that makes one eager to see what Mr. Bradley will do next." Next, Bradley introduced the concept of "The Doppelganger" as a central theme of his work, in 2001 during a show titled "Trompe le Monde" at Galerie Yvon Lambert in Paris. The video for "Trompe le Monde" marks the first appearance of The Doppelganger, portrayed by model Ben Brock, a concept which continues to be woven into Bradley's work at present.

paragraph: In 2002 during the show "Here are the Young Men" at Team Gallery, Bradley included the video "Factory Archives, 2001-2002", which would later become the first of three videos in the acclaimed "Doppelganger Trilogy". This series involved the subject of "recycled illusions that are the reality of pop culture" which was continually referenced throughout Bradley's work until The Doppelganger's symbolic death in the 3-channel video installation "Dead Ringer" from 2011.

paragraph: By 2004, Slater Bradley was considered a "rising younger artist", having held a solo exhibition in 2003 at the Center for Curatorial Studies Museum at Bard College and being included in the 2004 Whitney Biennial with the video "Theory and Observation" which critic Jerry Saltz described as one of "the most ravishing works in the show". Also in 2004, Bradley showed at the Museum of Modern Art's "Premieres" and exhibited the "Doppelganger Trilogy" at the Los Angeles gallery, Blum & Poe, which was later shown by The Guggenheim in 2005, under the title "Recent Acquisitions: Slater Bradley's Doppelganger Trilogy".

paragraph: Section::::Collaboration with Ed Lachman.

paragraph: In 2010, Bradley held an exhibition at the Whitney Museum in collaboration with Academy Award nominated Cinematographer Edward Lachman, titled "Shadow" featuring the Doppelganger as River Phoenix. "Shadow" served as a prologue to the unfinished Hollywood film "Dark Blood".

paragraph: Section::::After the doppelganger.

paragraph: A theme of the "lost woman," an idea sourced chiefly from Chris Marker's film La Jetée, became central to Bradley’s work after the completion of "Shadow". Following Marker's death on July 29, 2012, Bradley began work on what would become his homage to the 1962 sci-fi masterpiece. His video, entitled "she was my la jetée" premiered on Nowness.com on April 5, 2013 and was shown soon after in an eponymous exhibition at Galería Helga de Alvear in Madrid, Spain as well as part of "Sequoia: Recent Work by Slater Bradley" at Cornell University's Johnson Museum of Art.

paragraph: The elusive female subject continued to haunt Bradley over the course of a solo show with Sean Kelly gallery during which the artist completed his work in a small bunker of the gallery’s basement. The exhibition "A Point Beyond the Tree"whose title was taken from a line in Marker’s film, opened on December 14, 2013 alongside "Saints and Sinners", a selection of Robert Mapplethorpe’s portraits celebrating the 25 anniversary of his counterculturally groundbreaking exhibition "Robert Mapplethorpe: The Perfect Moment".

paragraph: In a parallel investigation, Bradley was at work on a lifelike copper casting of his high school baseball glove, revisiting the Salingerian themes found in his 2009–2011 video, "don't let me disappear". Surprisingly, the copper sculpture, "Cancer Rising", was completed just as Shane Salerno's documentary Salinger was released in the U.S., and just prior to the peculiar leak of three unpublished Salinger stories. The first of these, "The Ocean Full of Bowling Balls" brings to life a familiar character from Catcher in the Rye, a boy in the habit of inscribing verses of poetry, selections from William Blake, John Keats and Robert Browning, across his firstbaseman's glove.

paragraph: Section::::New York to Berlin.

paragraph: In the ultimate disappearing act, Bradley departed New York for Berlin in 2013. Once there, he began to re-invent himself through rigorous spiritual introspection. To share the learnings from his encounters with transcendence, Bradley co-founded a project space with Johannes Fricke Waldhausen in Munich called Goodroom where he exhibited and offered natal chart readings in December of 2015. His work was curated into the group exhibition "Dreaming Mirrors Dreaming Screens" at Sprüth Magers gallery in 2016 with thirteen other artists including Jon Rafman, Andy Hope 1930 and Lizzie Fitch/Ryan Trecartin. The show considered the increasingly complex human relationship with screens, objects that have evolved to function as dual representations of both “the rational and the dreamlike.”

paragraph: "True Faith", an exhibition curated by Matthew Higgs and Jon Savage with the collaboration of archivist Johan Kugelberg in Manchester, England, was part of a 2017 city-wide arts festival commissioned to celebrate the music of Joy Division and explore their continuing cultural impact as a powerful inspiration to visual artists. Bradley’s photograph "Factory Icon" from 2000, portraying the artist’s doppelganger as Ian Curtis, was re-worked in the proportions of the golden rectangle and featured on the cover of the exhibition catalogue as well as displayed on banners hung throughout the city. Also on view was a video from Bradley's Doppelganger Trilogy from 2001–2004. As noted by Adrian Seattle writing for The Guardian, "in this work, it is not Ian Curtis on stage at all, but a double (Bradley’s other Doppelganger video portraits portray Kurt Cobain and Michael Jackson). The harder you look, the more difficult it is to grasp the image. The singer is only a trace: pinwheeling arms, a jerky back-and-forth shuffle, a looming face that comes and goes, that sonorous baritone voice, a thing more solid and permanent than this fleeting figure."

paragraph: Zuecca Projects presented "Sundoor at World’s End", featuring Bradley’s sculpture "Crystal Labyrinth (La Maddalena)" in Venice, Italy in 2017, concurrent with the 57 Biennale. The installation, consisting of 888 rose quartz crystals forming a 7-meter diameter labyrinth and surrounded by solar shields, was installed from May through November at (Church of Mary Magdalene) and was accompanied by a soundtrack by composer Dustin O’Halloran. It is a mystical work about spiritual ascension, and in the words of John Major Jenkins, the "journey up through the planetary spheres of the ecliptic to the door of the Most High, the Sol Invictus, the Eighth Gate, the realm of the Hypercosmic Sun." "Sundoor at World’s End"was nominated for a Global Fine Art Award for Best Public Exhibition.

paragraph: "Slater Bradley: Sundoor" a monograph featuring texts by both John Major Jenkins and Rachel Baum was released in December 2018 by Kerber Verlag. The publication considers his international installation work dealing with collective spiritual experience, sacred sites, and personal histories. The book launched as part of the exhibition "Under the Sunbeams" opening at therethere gallery in Los Angeles in February 2019. Bradley exhibited his series of "D8S" paintings which play off the geometrics of astrological charts from chosen moments in time inspired by birthdates, founding fathers, origin stories pulled from the past and future.

paragraph: Section::::Collections.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Whitney Museum of American Art

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brooklyn Museum

paragraph: BULLET::::- Colección Jumex

paragraph: BULLET::::- Museum of Modern Art

paragraph: BULLET::::- Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation

paragraph: BULLET::::- Frans Hals Museum

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fundación Helga de Alvear

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Slater Bradley: Sundoor", Text by Rachel Baum, Slater Bradley, John Major Jenkins, Kerber Verlag, 2018.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Look Up and Stay in Touch", Texts by Chrissie Iles, Mark Rappolt, Interview with Ed Lachman and Heidi Zuckerman Jacobson, Aspen Art Press, 2012.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lifetime Achievement Award", Texts by Matthew Mascotte and Paul Fleming, Savannah College of Art And Design, 2007.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "don’t let me disappear", Text by Amada Cruz, Center for Curatorial Studies, Bard College, 2002.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Slater Bradley

paragraph: BULLET::::- Galería Helga de Alvear

paragraph: BULLET::::- Galeria Filomena Soares

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Breeder

paragraph: BULLET::::- Galerie Isa

paragraph: BULLET::::- Goodroom

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eric Firestone Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- there-there

paragraph: BULLET::::- Whitney Museum: "Slater Bradley and Ed Lachman: Shadow"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Manchester International Festival: True Faith

description: American artist

wikidata_label: Slater Bradley

wikipedia_title: Slater Bradley


text: Montegranaro

text: road cyclist

text: Tour de France

text: Giro d'Italia

categories: Italian male cyclists,2013 deaths,1931 births,Tour de France cyclists,Giro d'Italia cyclists

paragraph: Michele Gismondi

paragraph: Michele Gismondi (11 June 1931 in Montegranaro – 5 September 2013) was an Italian professional road cyclist.

paragraph: Section::::Major results.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1952

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1953

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1954

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1955

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1957

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1959

paragraph: Section::::Results on the major tours.

paragraph: Section::::Results on the major tours.:Tour de France.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1959: 30th

paragraph: Section::::Results on the major tours.:Giro d'Italia.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1953: 38th

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1954: 20th

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1955: 13th

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1958: 66th

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1959: 16th

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1960: 24th

description: Italian cyclist

wikidata_label: Michele Gismondi

wikipedia_title: Michele Gismondi


text:
Indian freedom fighter
Barrister
Member of Parliament
Praja Socialist Party
Marathi
Lok Sabha
D. B. Karnik
Rajapur (Lok Sabha constituency)
1957 Indian general election
1962 Indian general election
1967 Indian general election
Madhu Dandavate
Konkan railway
International Union of Socialist Youth
Austria
Praja Socialist Party
Rajapur (Lok Sabha constituency)

categories: 1971 deaths,20th-century Indian lawyers,1922 births,2nd Lok Sabha members,People from Sindhudurg district,Praja Socialist Party politicians,Maharashtra politicians,Indian barristers,4th Lok Sabha members,Marathi politicians,3rd Lok Sabha members

paragraph: Nath Pai

paragraph: Nath Bapu Pai (25 September 1922 – 18 January 1971) was an Indian freedom fighter, Barrister and Member of Parliament being a prominent leader of Praja Socialist Party.

paragraph: He was married to Crystle, a fellow socialist from Austria, and he spoke French and German fluently. He was known for excellent oratory in Marathi and English. Of his debates in the Lok Sabha, veteran journalist D. B. Karnik, wrote "“Once he had the floor to himself, he would not miss a single opportunity to put his opponents, particularly the ruling party, in the wrong box. Then quotations would flow, in English, Marathi and Sanskrit. There would be stories and anecdotes. There would be legal arguments and a flourish of emotional outbursts. Above all there would be the beauty of the language coming out with such superb power of expression”".

paragraph: Section::::Achievements.

paragraph: BULLET::::- He fought elections, unsuccessfully, for Mumbai State's assembly in 1952 from Belgaum region.

paragraph: BULLET::::- He was elected Member of Parliament for 3 consecutive terms from Rajapur (Lok Sabha constituency) in 1957 Indian general election, 1962 Indian general election & 1967 Indian general election.

paragraph: BULLET::::- He died in January 1971, just before that year's general election. His socialist friend Madhu Dandavate succeeded him as Lok Sabha member from the Rajapur seat.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Konkan railway was his brainchild. Demands for an Indian West Coast railway line were continuously raised by Nath Pai as he actively voiced the concerns of the region.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 1954, Barrister Nath Pai was elected the first non-European president of International Union of Socialist Youth, headquartered at Austria.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Praja Socialist Party

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rajapur (Lok Sabha constituency)

description: Indian politician

wikidata_label: Nath Pai

wikipedia_title: Nath Pai


text: Major League Baseball

text: relief pitcher

text: left-handed specialist

text: Omar Infante

text: Jorge Julio

text: closer

text: ERA

text: All-Star Game

text: free agent

text: Cleveland Indians

text: New York Yankees

text: Toronto Blue Jays

text: Major League Baseball

text: Mariano Rivera

text: All-Star Game

text: Toronto Blue Jays

text: American League

text: 2006 All-Star Game

text: Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

text: Francisco Rodriguez

text: Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim

text: Bobby Jenks

text: Chicago White Sox

text: Tommy John surgery

text: 2007 season

text: Tommy John surgery

text: DHL Delivery Man of the Year Award

text: trapezius muscle

text: middle reliever

text: Scott Downs

text: J.P. Ricciardi

text: Chicago Cubs

text: Spring Training

text: Iowa Cubs

text: Duality

text: Slipknot

categories: Baseball players from Louisiana,Chattanooga Lookouts players,Toronto Blue Jays players,Indianapolis Indians players,Rochester Red Wings players,Cincinnati Reds players,Sportspeople from Bossier City, Louisiana,Centenary Gentlemen baseball players,Charleston AlleyCats players,1975 births,Major League Baseball pitchers,American League All-Stars,Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns baseball players,Living people,American expatriate baseball players in Canada,Dunedin Blue Jays players,Baltimore Orioles players,All-Star Futures Game players,Billings Mustangs players

paragraph: B. J. Ryan

paragraph: Robert Victor "B. J." Ryan Jr. (born December 28, 1975) is an American retired Major League Baseball relief pitcher.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Ryan started his career as a left-handed specialist. His inability to command his pitches, combined with a history of difficulty facing right-handed batters, prevented him from acquiring a larger role in the bullpen. However, his eccentric, three-quarter, slingshot-like delivery made him a dominant force against left-handed batters.

paragraph: On May 1, 2003, Ryan logged an unusual accomplishment: he won a game without throwing a pitch. Ryan's first throw was to first base where he picked off Detroit Tigers' Omar Infante to end the inning. The Orioles took the lead in the next half-inning and Ryan was relieved to begin the half-inning after that.

paragraph: During his prime, Ryan was able to not only control his pitches, but also add tailing movement to his low-90s fastball. This movement, combined with his devastating slider, helped his success rate against right-handed batters. During his years with Baltimore, he translated this success into a larger role in the Orioles' bullpen. By the middle of 2004, he secured the primary setup role. By the end of the year, he took Jorge Julio's job as the closer.

paragraph: In 2005, Ryan had a spectacular season as closer for Baltimore, converting 36 of 41 save opportunities and compiling a 2.43 ERA and appearing in the All-Star Game.

paragraph: Ryan became one of the most coveted free agents in Major League Baseball during the 2005 off-season. After considering an offer to rejoin the Orioles, as well as visiting with other potential suitors such as the Cleveland Indians and New York Yankees, Ryan signed a 5-year, $47-million contract with the Toronto Blue Jays on November 28, 2005. At the time, that was the largest contract for a reliever in Major League Baseball history, surpassing Mariano Rivera's 4-year, $40-million deal with the Yankees from 2001–2004.

paragraph: On July 3, 2006 it was announced that Ryan would make his second All-Star Game appearance when he was one of five Toronto Blue Jays players selected for the American League All-Star Team. During the 2006 All-Star Game held on July 10 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Ryan pitched the scoreless eighth inning and earned the win for the American League. He finished the year with a career-high 38 saves, ranking third in the league behind Francisco Rodriguez of the Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim and Bobby Jenks of the Chicago White Sox.

paragraph: On May 10, 2007, The Toronto Blue Jays announced that Ryan underwent Tommy John surgery in his left elbow and would be out for the remainder of the 2007 season. Ryan's place in the bullpen was taken by Jeremy Accardo and Casey Janssen, with Accardo making the league minimum salary.

paragraph: On the morning of April 13, 2008, less than one year removed from Tommy John surgery, B.J. Ryan was activated from the disabled list. Later that afternoon, he entered the game in the 10th inning, and picked up his first save in over one year.

paragraph: Despite his arm not being fully healed and his slider's reduced effectiveness, he still managed to save an impressive 32 games for the Jays, good enough to place 6th on the AL list of top saves by closers. He was also nominated for the DHL Delivery Man of the Year Award. From his return to around a month later, he had an average ERA under 1.00.

paragraph: Despite eight years of solid health, some have criticized Ryan's mechanics as making him significantly more susceptible to injury.

paragraph: Ryan got off to slow start to the 2009 season due to his significant drop in velocity, which limited his effectiveness. On April 23, Ryan was placed on the 15-day DL with problems in his throwing shoulder, more specifically a strained trapezius muscle. When he was activated from the DL, he was used as a middle reliever. The closing job went to Scott Downs.

paragraph: On July 8, 2009, Ryan was released by the Blue Jays. At the time of his release, the Blue Jays were still responsible for the roughly $5 million remaining on his contract for the remainder of 2009, as well as the $10 million he was owed for 2010. Blue Jays general manager J.P. Ricciardi was widely criticized for the Ryan contract.

paragraph: On July 16, 2009, eight days after being released by the Blue Jays, the Chicago Cubs came to an agreement with Ryan. After working out at the Cubs' Arizona Spring Training facility, he was assigned to their AAA affiliate, the Iowa Cubs. He felt that his velocity would not get any higher, so he asked for his unconditional release, which was granted on August 5, 2009.

paragraph: Ryan's entrance music was "Duality" by Slipknot.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball all-time saves leaders

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: B. J. Ryan

wikipedia_title: B. J. Ryan


text: professional wrestler

text: National Wrestling Alliance

text: Jim Crockett Promotions

text: WWE

text: booker

text: producer

text: NXT

text: common man

text: Vince McMahon

text: NWA World Heavyweight Champion

text: WCW

text: United States Heavyweight Champion

text: World Television

text: World Tag Team

text: World Six-Man Tag Team Champion

text: WWE

text: WCW

text: Professional Wrestling

text: Wrestling Observer Newsletter

text: Dustin

text: Cody

text: Arlington Heights High School

text: Fort Worth

text: baseball

text: football

text: West Texas State

text: West Texas A&M University

text: American Football League

text: Boston Patriots

text: Continental Football League

text: professional wrestling

text: Boston

text: Bobby Duncum

text: Boston Arena

text: Thanksgiving

text: Rufus R. Jones

text: Boston

text: soup kitchen

text: Fritz Von Erich

text: World Class Championship Wrestling

text: Gary Hart

text: ring name

text: Andy Griffith

text: A Face in the Crowd

text: heel

text: manager

text: Don Jardine

text: Kansas City

text: Dick Murdoch

text: tag team

text: National Wrestling Federation

text: Championship Wrestling from Florida

text: World Championship Wrestling (Australia)

text: Tri-State Wrestling

text: American Wrestling Association

text: International Wrestling Enterprise

text: hero

text: Pak Song

text: Gary Hart

text: Eddie

text: Mike Graham

text: Florida

text: working class

text: Vince McMahon, Sr.

text: World Wide Wrestling Federation

text: WWWF Heavyweight Championship

text: Superstar Billy Graham

text: Texas Death match

text: booker

text: Jim Crockett Promotions

text: World Championship Wrestling

text: Magnum T.A.

text: Four Horsemen

text: The Russian Team

text: Nikita Koloff

text: The Super Powers

text: World Six-Man Tag Team Champion

text: The Road Warriors

text: feuds

text: Abdullah the Butcher

text: Terry Funk

text: Kevin Sullivan

text: Blackjack Mulligan

text: Harley Race

text: "Crippler" Ray Stevens

text: The Four Horsemen

text: Ric Flair

text: Tully Blanchard

text: NWA World Heavyweight Championship

text: promo

text: World Wrestling Federation

text: Mike Jones

text: Ted DiBiase

text: Bobby Heenan

text: Dusty finish

text: gimmick

text: storylines

text: Starrcade '88

text: Turner Broadcasting System

text: The Road Warriors

text: Road Warrior Animal

text: Championship Wrestling from Florida

text: polka-dotted

text: Common Man

text: plumber

text: butcher's

text: apprentice

text: gas station attendant

text: pizza delivery man

text: Sapphire

text: Randy Savage

text: Sensational Queen Sherri

text: Miss Elizabeth

text: WrestleMania VI

text: SummerSlam

text: Dustin

text: 1991 Royal Rumble

text: Ric Flair

text: the Big Gold Belt controversy

text: manager

text: Ron Simmons

text: Big Van Vader

text: WCW World Heavyweight Championship

text: Tony Schiavone

text: Saturday Night

text: Bobby Heenan

text: New World Order

text: Souled Out 1998

text: Larry Zbyszko

text: Scott Hall

text: Louie Spicolli

text: heel

text: ripping

text: and

text: Nash

text: Dean Malenko

text: Eric Bischoff

text: Extreme Championship Wrestling

text: ECW World Champion

text: Steve Corino

text: Ric Flair

text: Turnbuckle Championship Wrestling

text: Terry Funk

text: Kevin Sullivan

text: Total Nonstop Action Wrestling

text: Sports Entertainment Xtreme

text: Vince Russo

text: Triple X

text: Vader

text: Don and Ron Harris

text: Erik Watts

text: Brian Lawler

text: David Flair

text: Ladder match

text: America's Most Wanted

text: Glenn Gilbertti

text: Simon Diamond and Johnny Swinger

text: A.J. Styles

text: James Storm

text: Dallas

text: Kid Kash

text: NWA World Tag Team Championship

text: Larry Zbyszko

text: 3Live Kru

text: Ken Shamrock

text: Hernandez

text: Chad Collyer

text: Onyx

text: Konnan

text: B.G. James

text: Team Canada

text: Eric Young

text: Bobby Roode

text: Johnny Devine

text: Scott D'Amore

text: Director of Authority

text: pay-per-view

text: Victory Road

text: booker

text: Tito Ortiz

text: Hard Justice (2005)

text: Dixie Carter

text: Jeremy Borash

text: Scott D'Amore

text: Ring of Honor

text: Homicide

text: Jerry Lawler

text: Mick Foley

text: The Carnage Crew

text: Gangrel

text: Kamala

text: IWA Mid-South

text: Ian Rotten

text: Chris Candido

text: HUSTLE

text: Tom Howard

text: Mil Mascaras

text: Dos Caras

text: Sicodelico Jr.

text: Shinjiro Otani

text: Satoshi Kojima

text: The Rock 'n' Roll Express

text: Dennis Condrey

text: Bobby Eaton

text: Stan Lane

text: Midnight Express

text: Jimmy Valiant

text: Terry Funk

text: Phi Delta Slam

text: Kid Kash

text: WrestleReunion

text: D'Lo Brown

text: The Blue Meanie

text: Tom Prichard

text: Andrew Martin

text: Magnum T.A.

text: James J. Dillon

text: "I Quit" match

text: Creative Team

text: WWE Raw Homecoming

text: Rob Conway

text: Bionic Elbow

text: Raw

text: Vince McMahon

text: Survivor Series

text: The Spirit Squad

text: WWE Hall of Fame

text: Dustin

text: Cody

text: Arn Anderson

text: Harley Race

text: Four Horsemen

text: Eddie Graham

text: Terry

text: Dory Funk Jr.

text: The Road Warriors

text: The Four Horsemen

text: The Great American Bash

text: Randy Orton

text: Texas Bullrope match

text: Hardcore Holly

text: Lance Cade and Trevor Murdoch

text: World Tag Team Championship

text: The Legacy

text: Ted DiBiase

text: John Cena

text: referee

text: D-Generation X

text: Triple H

text: Shawn Michaels

text: FCW

text: Caylen Croft

text: Curt Hawkins

text: Trent Barreta

text: NXT Wrestling

text: Stephanie McMahon

text: Big Show

text: Battleground

text: The Shield

text: Seth Rollins

text: Roman Reigns

text: Dean Ambrose

text: Rhodes Family

text: Fastlane

text: Dustin

text: Cody Runnels

text: Terri Boatright

text: kidney failure

text: Orlando, Florida

text: cremated

text: 2015 Money in the Bank

text: ten-bell salute

text: Raw

text: WWE Network

text: NXT

text: NXT

text: Dusty Rhodes Tag Team Classic

text: tag team

text: 50th State Big Time Wrestling

text: NWA North American Heavyweight Championship "(Hawaii version)"

text: 1 time

text: Big Time Wrestling

text: NWA World Tag Team Championship "(Detroit Version)"

text: 1 time

text: Dick Murdoch

text: Central States Wrestling

text: NWA Central States Heavyweight Championship

text: 1 time

text: NWA North American Tag Team Championship "(Central States version)"

text: 1 time

text: Championship Wrestling from Florida

text: NWA Brass Knuckles Championship "(Florida version)"

text: 2 times

text: NWA Florida Bahamian Championship

text: 1 time

text: NWA Florida Global Tag Team Championship

text: 1 time

text: Magnum T.A.

text: NWA Florida Heavyweight Championship

text: 12 times

text: NWA Florida Tag Team Championship

text: 4 times

text: Dick Slater

text: Bobo Brazil

text: André the Giant

text: NWA Florida Television Championship

text: 2 times

text: NWA Southern Heavyweight Championship "(Florida version)"

text: 10 times

text: NWA United States Tag Team Championship "(Florida version)"

text: 2 times

text: Bugsy McGraw

text: Blackjack Mulligan

text: NWA World Heavyweight Championship

text: 3 times

text: George Tragos/Lou Thesz Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame

text: Georgia Championship Wrestling

text: NWA Georgia Heavyweight Championship

text: 1 time

text: NWA National Heavyweight Championship

text: 1 time

text: NWA World Heavyweight Championship

text: 1 time

text: Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling/Jim Crockett Promotions

text: World Championship Wrestling

text: NWA Mid-Atlantic Tag Team Championship

text: 1 time

text: Buff Bagwell

text: NWA World Heavyweight Championship

text: 3 times

text: NWA United States Heayvweight Championship

text: 1 time

text: NWA World Television Championship

text: 3 times

text: NWA World Tag Team Championship "(Mid-Atlantic version)"

text: 2 times

text: Manny Fernandez

text: NWA World Six-Man Tag Team Championship

text: 2 times

text: The Road Warriors

text: Jim Crockett, Sr. Memorial Cup Tag Team Tournament

text: Nikita Koloff

text: Bunkhouse Stampede

text: WCW Hall of Fame

text: Class of 1995

text: National Wrestling Alliance

text: NWA Hall of Fame

text: NWA Big Time Wrestling

text: NWA American Tag Team Championship

text: 2 times

text: Baron von Raschke

text: NWA Brass Knuckles Championship "(Texas version)"

text: 3 times

text: NWA San Francisco

text: NWA United States Heavyweight Championship "(San Francisco version)"

text: 1 time

text: NWA Tri-State

text: NWA North American Heavyweight Championship ("Tri-State version)"

text: 1 time

text: NWA United States Tag Team Championship "(Tri-State version)"

text: 1 time

text: National Wrestling Federation

text: NWF World Tag Team Championship

text: 1 time

text: Pro Wrestling Illustrated

text: Feud of the Year

text: Match of the Year

text: Most Popular Wrestler of the Year

text: Stanley Weston Award

text: Wrestler of the Year

text: PWI 500

text: Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum

text: Class of 2010

text: IWA World Tag Team Championship

text: 1 time

text: World Wrestling Entertainment/WWE

text: WWE Hall of Fame

text: Class of 2007

text: Slammy Award

text: WWE Bronze Statue

text: Wrestling Observer Newsletter

text: Best Babyface

text: Best Booker

text: Most Charismatic

text: Most Embarrassing Wrestler

text: Most Overrated

text: Most Obnoxious

text: Readers' Least Favorite Wrestler

text: Worst Feud of the Year

text: Worst Gimmick

text: Worst Television Announcer

text: Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame

text: WWE Home Video

text: SmackDown vs. Raw 2007

text: SmackDown vs. Raw 2010

text: WWE 2K17

text: WWE 2K18

text: WWE 2K14

text: WWE 2K16

text: WWE 2K19

text: Downloadable Content

text: Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame Profile

categories: Professional wrestling announcers,American male professional wrestlers,NWA/WCW World Television Champions,Professional wrestling trainers,The New World Order (professional wrestling) members,Professional wrestling promoters,WCW Hall of Fame,Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum,NWA/WCW/WWE United States Heavyweight Champions,Male television writers,Deaths from kidney failure,World Championship Wrestling executives,Professional wrestling executives,2015 deaths,Deaths from stomach cancer,Professional wrestlers from Texas,Professional wrestling managers and valets,1945 births,NWA World Heavyweight Champions,American television writers,Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame

paragraph: Dusty Rhodes (wrestler)

paragraph: Virgil Riley Runnels Jr. (October 11, 1945 – June 11, 2015), better known as "The American Dream" Dusty Rhodes, was an American professional wrestler, booker, and trainer who most notably worked for the National Wrestling Alliance, Jim Crockett Promotions, and the World Wrestling Federation, later known as the WWE. Following his retirement from wrestling, he made occasional on-air appearances on WWE television and pay-per-views and worked as a backstage booker and producer in WWE's NXT developmental territory. Billed as "the son of a plumber", Rhodes did not have a typical wrestler's physique; his character was that of the "common man", known for the personality exhibited in his interviews. WWE chairman Vince McMahon remarked that no wrestler "personified the essence of charisma quite like Dusty Rhodes".

paragraph: Rhodes was a three-time NWA World Heavyweight Champion, and during his time in Jim Crockett Promotions, later known as WCW, he was a United States Heavyweight Champion, and multi-time World Television, World Tag Team and World Six-Man Tag Team Champion. He also won many regional championships, and is one of seven men inducted into each of the WWE, WCW, Professional Wrestling, and "Wrestling Observer Newsletter" Halls of Fame. His sons, Dustin and Cody, both pursued careers in professional wrestling and performed for WWE.

paragraph: Section::::Professional wrestling career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional wrestling career.:Early career (1967–1974).

paragraph: After graduating from Arlington Heights High School in Fort Worth, Rhodes played baseball and football for West Texas State (now known as West Texas A&M University). Turning professional, Rhodes tried out for the American Football League's Boston Patriots but was cut. He then played for the Hartford Charter Oaks in the Continental Football League until the team folded.

paragraph: In 1967, Rhodes saw an advertisement in the newspaper for Tony Santos’ professional wrestling promotion Big Time Wrestling, based in Boston. Rhodes drove to Boston, and despite not having any wrestling experience, bluffed his way into working for the company by using his real life friendships with Bobby Duncum and the Funk brothers. Billed as Dusty Runnels, one of his first matches was for the BTW World Heavyweight title against champion Frank Scarpa in the Boston Arena. Having little money, Rhodes slept in his car and spent Thanksgiving with Rufus R. Jones in a Boston soup kitchen.

paragraph: Rhodes moved on to Fritz Von Erich's Texas territory World Class Championship Wrestling in 1968, at that time also called Big Time Wrestling. It was in Texas where Rhodes first adopted the ring name "Dusty Rhodes". Upon meeting Rhodes, Gary Hart suggested that he change his ring name to "Lonesome Rhodes", a character Andy Griffith portrayed in the film "A Face in the Crowd". Rhodes reportedly replied: "Well...I don’t plan on being 'Lonesome'. I think I’ll stick with Dusty." Hart took an immediate liking to Rhodes and convinced Von Erich of the young wrestler's potential. Rhodes became a rule-breaking heel with Hart as his manager, teaming with Don Jardine, better known as The Spoiler.

paragraph: Later in 1968, Rhodes left Texas and entered the Kansas City territory, tagging with fellow Texan Dick Murdoch to form the tag team The Texas Outlaws. The team traveled both nationally and internationally, appearing in Big Time Wrestling (Texas), NWA Western States Sports (Texas), NWA Detroit, National Wrestling Federation (NWF), Championship Wrestling from Florida, World Championship Wrestling (Australia), Tri-State Wrestling, the American Wrestling Association (AWA), and International Wrestling Enterprise (Japan).

paragraph: Section::::Professional wrestling career.:National Wrestling Alliance territories (1974–1984).

paragraph: Rhodes did not have a typical wrestlers' physique, but he was well known for his personality, charisma and interviews. In 1974, Rhodes's character became a hero after tag team partner Pak Song and manager Gary Hart turned on him during a match in Florida against Eddie and Mike Graham. This led him to break out as a solo wrestler, primarily in Florida, referring to himself as the "American Dream", a working class hero, and aligning himself with Eddie Graham.

paragraph: In 1977, Rhodes wrestled for Vince McMahon, Sr.'s World Wide Wrestling Federation (WWWF) on and off for lengthy periods of time until 1983. During that time, Rhodes main-evented twice in Madison Square Garden, both times challenging for the WWWF Heavyweight Championship against reigning champion Superstar Billy Graham. Rhodes won the first match on September 26 via countout, and lost the second, a Texas Death match, on October 24. Graham won after a mid-ring collision, falling on Rhodes for the three count.

paragraph: Section::::Professional wrestling career.:Jim Crockett Promotions (1985–1989).

paragraph: He eventually began working as a booker and wrestler with Jim Crockett Promotions (JCP) in the Mid-Atlantic, which eventually purchased World Championship Wrestling (WCW), formerly Georgia Championship Wrestling. Rhodes also teamed with Magnum T.A. as "America's Team", who opposed the Four Horsemen and The Russian Team in 1985. They were one of the more dominant tag teams in the promotion until 1986, when Magnum's career was ended in a car accident. Subsequently, he teamed with Nikita Koloff as The Super Powers. Rhodes was also a two time World Six-Man Tag Team Champion with The Road Warriors.

paragraph: Rhodes had feuds with Abdullah the Butcher, Pak Song, Terry Funk, Kevin Sullivan, Blackjack Mulligan, Nikita Koloff, Harley Race, Superstar Billy Graham, "Crippler" Ray Stevens and, most notably, The Four Horsemen (especially Ric Flair and Tully Blanchard). Rhodes, Flair and Race fought each other many times over the NWA World Heavyweight Championship. Rhodes won the NWA World Heavyweight Championship three times; twice by defeating Race and once by defeating Flair. In October 1985, during his feud with Flair, Rhodes gave an interview that became known as his "Hard Times" promo, arguably his most popular promo:

paragraph: The promo—which references out-of-work steel workers, factory runners and other blue-collar individuals—apparently resonated with wrestling fans so much that people came to him in arenas in tears to thank him for "honoring their plight". In 2015, an ESPN article referred to "Hard Times" as Rhodes' best interview, writing, "In just over three minutes, Rhodes fully encapsulated every ounce of his charm by endearing himself to blue-collar mid-America".

paragraph: During his stint as booker, JCP were engulfed in aggressive competition with the World Wrestling Federation (WWF). When the WWF introduced Mike Jones as Ted DiBiase's bodyguard, Bobby Heenan suggested to name the character "Virgil" as an inside joke on Dusty's real name. Also in the late 1980s, Rhodes became synonymous with what would become known as the "Dusty finish", a trick ending where a wrestler would win a match while the referee was knocked out, and the decision would be overturned.

paragraph: Rhodes is often considered to be one of the most innovative and creative bookers in the history of professional wrestling. As previously mentioned, his work in the development of "supercards" and gimmick matches did much to enhance the quality of entertainment and move the industry forward, as evident by other major promotions following with their own major cards and gimmicks. At the same time, however, he and JCP had an "old school" philosophy that did not bode well with the changes that were brought with fast moving media such as cable TV, etc. The long-standing storylines and the frequent use of the aforementioned "Dusty finish", techniques that had worked well during the NWA's territorial days, had now started to leave many fans dissatisfied with the promotion's booking.

paragraph: Rhodes was fired after Starrcade '88, because of a taboo on-screen bloodletting (laid down by the Turner Broadcasting System following their purchase of the company) during a November 26 altercation with The Road Warriors. Furious with the interference, Rhodes booked a storyline where Road Warrior Animal pulled a spike out of his shoulder pad and jammed it in Rhodes' eye, causing a severe laceration. Rhodes was then fired from WCW. Following this, Rhodes returned to Florida to compete in Championship Wrestling from Florida (CWF), where he captured the PWF Heavyweight Championship and also returned to the AWA for a few appearances.

paragraph: Section::::Professional wrestling career.:World Wrestling Federation (1989–1991).

paragraph: In mid-1989, Rhodes came to the WWF as the yellow polka-dotted "Common Man" Dusty Rhodes, a gimmick some felt was intended to humiliate him due to his synonymy with the rival JCP/WCW. Rhodes was introduced to WWF audiences through a series of vignettes where he would gregariously and enthusiastically perform working class roles (including that of a plumber, butcher's apprentice, gas station attendant, and pizza delivery man), eventually being recognized by others at the end of the skit ("Hey! Aren't you...?"). He was managed by Sapphire, who was intended to represent the "common woman". During his early time in the WWF, Rhodes was embroiled in a heated storyline with "Macho King" Randy Savage and his manager/partner Sensational Queen Sherri, who in turn found a rival in Sapphire. After a confrontation between the two couples, Savage's ex-manager Miss Elizabeth allied herself with Rhodes and Sapphire and was instrumental in helping them win the WWF's first mixed tag-team match during WrestleMania VI. Sapphire, however, left Rhodes during SummerSlam for The Million Dollar Man's money. Afterwards, Rhodes dropped the polka dots and feuded with Dibiase and Virgil, which also resulted in the national debut of his son Dustin at the 1991 Royal Rumble. Both departed the WWF shortly after, marking the end of Rhodes' career as a full-time in-ring competitor.

paragraph: Section::::Professional wrestling career.:Return to WCW and ECW (1991–2001).

paragraph: Rhodes returned to WCW in 1991 as a member of WCW's booking committee, making his first appearance only 11 days after his last WWF appearance at the Royal Rumble. Booking disagreements between Rhodes and Ric Flair led to the latter's return to the WWF and the Big Gold Belt controversy. Rhodes also served as the on-screen manager of Ron Simmons from 1991 to 1992 and was in Simmons' corner on August 2, 1992 when he defeated Big Van Vader to win the WCW World Heavyweight Championship. He later joined the broadcast team, usually working with Tony Schiavone on "Saturday Night". He was paired with Schiavone and Bobby Heenan on pay-per-views.

paragraph: Rhodes was originally on the side of WCW when its battle with the New World Order (nWo) began in 1996. At Souled Out 1998, Larry Zbyszko asked Rhodes, who was working the PPV broadcast, to accompany him to the ring for his match against Scott Hall. Zbyszko won the match by disqualification due to interference by Louie Spicolli. Rhodes entered the ring, delivering his trademark elbow smashes to Spicolli as Zbyszko stood and grabbed Hall. Rhodes went to elbow Hall, but seemingly inadvertently hit Zbyszko instead turning heel in the process. Hall then pointed to Rhodes as he revealed an nWo shirt. The three began to drop repeated elbows on Zbyszko before Rhodes announced "That's tradition, WCW! Bite this!". Announcer Tony Schiavone left the broadcast booth in shock, but later returned ripping Rhodes for his actions for most of the rest of the night. As a member of the nWo, Rhodes served as the manager of Hall and Nash. This lasted until the November 30, 1998 episode of Monday Nitro, when Rhodes, who was guest refereeing a match between Barry Windham and Dean Malenko after being appointed by Eric Bischoff, defected back to WCW by disqualifying Windham and awarding the match to Malenko. Bischoff then fired Rhodes.

paragraph: He left WCW in 2000 and went to Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) where he put over former ECW World Champion, "King of Old School" Steve Corino. Rhodes returned once more to WCW, re-igniting his feud with Ric Flair.

paragraph: Section::::Professional wrestling career.:Turnbuckle Championship Wrestling and other promotions (2000–2003).

paragraph: After both WCW and ECW were bought by WWE (WWF), Rhodes went to compete in his own promotion, Turnbuckle Championship Wrestling with ex-WCW and ECW superstars in the Georgia, Florida and Tennessee.

paragraph: During this time he feuded with Terry Funk and Steve Corino in other territories.

paragraph: In 2002, Rhodes competed in Pro Pain Pro Wreslting based in Philadelphia feuding with Kevin Sullivan. This would lead to a Texas Bullrope match on November 23 in which Rhodes defeated Sullivan.

paragraph: Section::::Professional wrestling career.:Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (2003–2005).

paragraph: Rhodes began appearing with Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) in 2003, returning to the ring to feud against the villainous Sports Entertainment Xtreme faction. on the January 15 NWATNA PPV, Rhodes, Road Warriors and Jeff Jarrett lost to Vince Russo and Triple X. on the January 22 NWATNA PPV, Rhodes called out Nikita Koloff to reform the Superpowers, but Nikita turns on him. On the February 26 NWATNA PPV, Rhodes and Vader defeated Don and Ron Harris by disqualification. On the March 19 NWATNA PPV, Rhodes, Jeff Jarrett and D-Lo Brown defeated Erik Watts, Brian Lawler and David Flair in a six-man tag team match a week later Rhodes defeated David Flair in a Bunkhouse match. On the April 9 NWATNA PPV, Rhodes defeated Brian Lawler in a Ladder match. On the August 13 NWATNA PPV, Rhodes and America's Most Wanted defeated Glenn Gilbertti and Simon Diamond and Johnny Swinger the following week Rhodes lost a bullrope to Glen Gilbertti after Christopher Daniels interfered. On the October 1 NWATNA PPV, Rhodes and Jarrett defeated A.J. Styles and Russo. The following week Rhodes got a shot at the NWA title against Styles but lost when he passed out during the figure-4. On the October 15 NWATNA PPV, Rhodes and America's Most Wanted defeated Legend, Sonny Siaki and Ekmo Fatu. On the November 26 NWATNA PPV, Rhodes and Jarrett wrestled to a no contest in a Lumberjack Fan Strap match. After taking a few months off Rhodes returned on May 19, 2004 where he and James Storm defeated Dallas and Kid Kash in a “Bunkhouse Brawl” this led to the duo getting a shot at the NWA World Tag Team Championship on June 2 but they failed to win the titles. On the June 4 episode of Impact, Rhodes gave an interview with Mike Tenay but got punked out by NWA champ Jeff Jarrett. On the July 14 NWATNA PPV, Rhodes, Larry Zbyszko and 3Live Kru defeated Jarrett, Ken Shamrock, Hernandez, Chad Collyer and Onyx. On the August 25 NWATNA PPV, Russo suspended Rhodes from TNA and banned him from the Asylum a few days later on the August 27 episode of Impact, Rhodes showed up in the front row, and got attacked by Scott D’Amore and ejected again. On the September 1 NWATNA PPV, Rhodes under a mask billed as Midnight Rider teamed with Konnan and B.G. James to defeat Team Canada (Eric Young and Bobby Roode and Johnny Devine). On the September 8 NWATNA PPV, Rhodes defeated Scott D'Amore with Russo as the special guest referee. On the October 29 episode of Impact, Rhodes started his campaign to replace Vince Russo as the Director of Authority. Later, he became the Director of Authority at their November 7, 2004 pay-per-view, Victory Road. At the same time, Rhodes acted as head booker and writer. On the April 8, 2005 episode of Impact, Rhodes made the on-air decision to make all matches at Lockdown PPV in Six Sides of Steel. Then on the April 29 episode of Impact, Rhodes announced that MMA fighter Tito Ortiz will referee the World title match at Hard Justice (2005). In May 2005, TNA President Dixie Carter asked Rhodes to move onto a creative team, which included Jeremy Borash, Bill Banks, and Scott D'Amore. Rhodes resigned as booker, waiting out the rest of his contract with TNA, which expired soon after.

paragraph: Section::::Professional wrestling career.:Independent circuit (2003–2006).

paragraph: Rhodes made his first indy circuit appearance on April 12, 2003 for Ring of Honor (ROH), when he participated in the "I Quit Bunkhouse Riot" as a member of Homicide's team. On December 12, Rhodes defeated Jerry Lawler at an International Wrestling Cartel show that also featured Mick Foley as the special guest referee. Rhodes returned to ROH on March 13, 2004, where he competed alongside The Carnage Crew in a Scramble Cage match against Special K, which the Carnage Crew won.

paragraph: On July 24, Rhodes returned to Full Impact Pro (FIP) and defeated Gangrel. In October, he appeared for Northeast Wrestling in a victory over Kamala. Later in the month, he appeared for IWA Mid-South in a tag team match with Ian Rotten in a victory over Chris Candido and Steve Stone. Rhodes made three appearances for the Japanese promotion HUSTLE in 2004, the first being on January 4 in a six-man tag team match with Steve Corino and Tom Howard against Mil Mascaras, Dos Caras, and Sicodelico Jr., which Rhodes' team lost. The second was on March 7, where he teamed with his son Dustin against Shinjiro Otani and Satoshi Kojima, which he also lost. The third was on May 8, where he defeated Corino.

paragraph: Starting in December 2004, Rhodes made regular appearances for Carolina Championship Wrestling (CCW), where his first match for the promotion saw him team up with The Rock 'n' Roll Express to take on Dennis Condrey, Bobby Eaton, and Stan Lane, all three of the best-known members of the Midnight Express. He also briefly resurrected his feud with Tully Blanchard in CCW, earning two consecutive victories over him, the second being in a Bunkhouse Brawl. On April 9, 2005, Rhodes challenged Jeff Jarrett (who was still contracted to TNA, but due to TNA's then-affiliation with the NWA, he was allowed to appear for other affiliated promotions) for the NWA World Heavyweight Championship. In a match that featured Jimmy Valiant as the special guest referee, Jarrett retained the title after Terry Funk made a surprise appearance and interfered. This led to Rhodes challenging Funk to a Falls-Count-Anywhere Bunkhouse match, which Rhodes won. This would be Rhodes' final appearance with CCW until August, where he would team with his son Dustin against Phi Delta Slam.

paragraph: On July 15, 2005, Rhodes participated in Ballpark Brawl IV in a victory over Kid Kash. Rhodes participated in the first WrestleReunion, competing in an eight-man tag team match with D'Lo Brown, The Blue Meanie, and Tom Prichard against Steve Corino, Andrew Martin, Evil Clown, and the Masked Superstar. Rhodes faced Tully Blanchard at a "Starrcade" Tribute Show on November 19, where he was managed by Magnum T.A. and where Blanchard was managed by James J. Dillon. Rhodes ended up losing the match.

paragraph: On December 3, 2005, Rhodes returned to Carolina Championship Wrestling for one night only to face Terry Funk in an "I Quit" match, which Rhodes won. Rhodes made his final major appearances on the independent circuit before returning full-time to WWE in mid-2006, defeating Jerry Lawler by disqualification at a Southern Championship Wrestling (SCW) show and also earning a victory over Steve Corino in a Texas Bullrope match for Big Time Wrestling.

paragraph: Section::::Professional wrestling career.:Return to WWE.

paragraph: Section::::Professional wrestling career.:Return to WWE.:Final matches and retirement (2005–2010).

paragraph: In September 2005, Rhodes signed a WWE Legends deal and was brought onto the Creative Team as a creative consultant. He made an appearance on the October 3, 2005 "WWE Raw Homecoming" in which he, along with other legends, beat down Rob Conway, to whom Rhodes delivered a signature "Bionic Elbow".

paragraph: Rhodes made an appearance on the June 19, 2006 episode of "Raw", appearing in a backstage segment with Vince McMahon where he promoted his new DVD, "The American Dream – The Dusty Rhodes Story". A few weeks before Survivor Series, Rhodes returned to WWE to be a part of Team WWE Legends, led by Flair. The team, which consisted of Sgt. Slaughter, Ron Simmons, and Arn Anderson (acting as manager) competed against The Spirit Squad at Survivor Series.

paragraph: Rhodes was inducted into the WWE Hall of Fame on March 31, 2007 by his two sons, Dustin and Cody. During his acceptance speech, Rhodes asked Ric Flair and Arn Anderson to hold up the "sign" and induct him and Harley Race into the Four Horsemen. He has also inducted several other people into the Hall of Fame, including his mentor Eddie Graham in 2008, The Funk Brothers (Terry and Dory Funk Jr.) in 2009, The Road Warriors in 2011, and longtime rivals The Four Horsemen in 2012.

paragraph: A few weeks before WWE's 2007 broadcast of The Great American Bash, Rhodes returned to WWE television to feud with Randy Orton. At The Great American Bash, Orton defeated Rhodes in a Texas Bullrope match after hitting Rhodes with a cowbell. This would be Runnels' final WWE match, officially retiring for the first time soon after at age 61. The following night on "Raw", after Orton defeated Rhodes' son Cody, Orton delivered a kick to Rhodes' head while he was trying to tend to his son. On the December 10 episode of "Raw", Rhodes was at ringside to see Cody and Hardcore Holly defeat Lance Cade and Trevor Murdoch for the World Tag Team Championship.

paragraph: On August 31, 2009, during the time Cody was part of The Legacy with Randy Orton and Ted DiBiase, Rhodes was the special guest host of "Raw" and booked a match between Cody and Orton for Orton's WWE Championship with John Cena as the special guest referee. It quickly turned out to be a ruse with Dusty's intention to allow Legacy to attack Cena, as well as D-Generation X (Triple H and Shawn Michaels) once they came to make the save. Despite the four standing tall together, Orton quickly gave an RKO to Rhodes, and though initially angered, Cody fell in line behind Orton.

paragraph: On July 9, 2010, Rhodes briefly came out of retirement and wrestled the final match of his career at an FCW live event, where he teamed up with Cody and Goldust to defeat the team of Caylen Croft, Curt Hawkins, & Trent Barreta in a 6-man tag team match. He would again retire shortly after.

paragraph: Section::::Professional wrestling career.:Return to WWE.:Sporadic appearances (2010–2015).

paragraph: Rhodes was the head writer and creative director for the weekly "NXT Wrestling" television broadcast. On September 12, 2013, he was removed as NXT Commissioner. Rhodes made his return to "Raw" on September 16, 2013 after accepting a "business proposition" from Stephanie McMahon in an attempt for WWE to rehire both his sons Cody and Dustin. After learning that McMahon would only rehire one son of his choosing, Rhodes turned down the offer and was subsequently knocked out by Big Show on the orders of McMahon. Rhodes also appeared at Battleground in the corner of Cody and Goldust as they took on The Shield (Seth Rollins and Roman Reigns with Dean Ambrose at ringside) in a tag team match. The stipulation of the match would be that if the Rhodes Family won, Cody and Goldust got their jobs with the company back, but if they lose Dusty would be fired as an NXT trainer and none of them could appear on WWE programming ever again. The Rhodes brothers won the match, thus reinstating them to the roster and allowing Dusty to retain his position in NXT. During the match, Dusty got into an altercation with Ambrose and performed the "Bionic Elbow" on him.

paragraph: Rhodes appeared on the February 16, 2015 episode of "Raw", in an effort to reunite Goldust and Stardust, who were engaged in a conflict. Rhodes appeared at Fastlane on February 22, in a backstage segment with Goldust. Rhodes' final appearance on WWE programming would be on March 28, when he appeared on the Hall of Fame: Live From the Red Carpet show.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Runnels was married to Sandra from 1965 to 1975. In 1978 he married Michelle Rubio; the couple were married for 37 years until his death in 2015. He had four children: Dustin, Kristin, Teil and Cody Runnels. He had five grandchildren; Dakota, the daughter of Dustin and his ex-wife, Terri Boatright, Dalton and Dylan, children of Kristin and her husband Don Ditto, and Kellan and Maris, children of Teil and her husband Kevin Gergel. He also had a brother, Larry, and a sister, Connie.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.:Illness and death.

paragraph: In his later years, Rhodes suffered from kidney failure.

paragraph: On June 10, 2015, paramedics responded to Rhodes' home in Orlando, Florida, after getting a call reporting that he had fallen. They drove him to a nearby hospital, where he died the next day at the age of 69. Rhodes was cremated after his death, and his ashes were spread in November 2015 by his son Dustin on a ranch that Rhodes loved to visit.

paragraph: At the 2015 Money in the Bank pay-per-view event, a ten-bell salute was given in honor of Rhodes, with the entire WWE roster and the McMahon family on the entrance ramp. The next night on "Raw", they honored him with a video tribute and a special after Raw on the WWE Network. At the "NXT" tapings following his death, he was honored with another ten-bell salute.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: In August 2015, WWE's NXT introduced the Dusty Rhodes Tag Team Classic, a tag team tournament in honor of Rhodes. The tournament has been held annually since, with three editions having taken place as of March 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Championships and accomplishments.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 50th State Big Time Wrestling

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA North American Heavyweight Championship "(Hawaii version)" (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Big Time Wrestling

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA World Tag Team Championship "(Detroit Version)" (1 time) – with Dick Murdoch

paragraph: BULLET::::- Central States Wrestling

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Central States Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA North American Tag Team Championship "(Central States version)" (1 time) – with Dick Murdoch

paragraph: BULLET::::- Championship Wrestling from Florida

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Brass Knuckles Championship "(Florida version)" (2 times)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Florida Bahamian Championship (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Florida Global Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Magnum T.A.

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Florida Heavyweight Championship (12 times)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Florida Tag Team Championship (4 times) – with Dick Murdoch (1), Dick Slater (1), Bobo Brazil (1), and André the Giant (1)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Florida Television Championship (2 times)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Southern Heavyweight Championship "(Florida version)" (10 times)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA United States Tag Team Championship "(Florida version)" (2 times) – with Bugsy McGraw (1) and Blackjack Mulligan (1)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA World Heavyweight Championship (3 times)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Florida Heavyweight Championship Tournament (1978)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA United States Tag Team Championship Tournament (1980) – with Bugsy McGraw

paragraph: BULLET::::- George Tragos/Lou Thesz Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame

paragraph: BULLET::::- Class of 2017

paragraph: BULLET::::- Georgia Championship Wrestling

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Georgia Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA National Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cadillac Cup (1984)

paragraph: BULLET::::- International Wrestling Alliance (Australia)

paragraph: BULLET::::- IWA World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Dick Murdoch

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mid-Atlantic Championship Wrestling/Jim Crockett Promotions/World Championship Wrestling

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Mid-Atlantic Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Buff Bagwell

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA United States Heayvweight Championship (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA World Television Championship (3 times)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA World Tag Team Championship "(Mid-Atlantic version)" (2 times) – with Dick Slater (1) and Manny Fernandez (1)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA World Six-Man Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with The Road Warriors

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jim Crockett, Sr. Memorial Cup Tag Team Tournament (1987) – with Nikita Koloff

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bunkhouse Stampede (1985–1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- WCW Hall of Fame (Class of 1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pro Wrestling Federation (Florida)

paragraph: BULLET::::- PWF World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- National Wrestling Alliance

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Hall of Fame (Class of 2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Legends Hall of Heroes (Class of 2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Big Time Wrestling

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA American Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Baron von Raschke (1) and Dick Murdoch (1)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Brass Knuckles Championship "(Texas version)" (3 times)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA San Francisco

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA United States Heavyweight Championship "(San Francisco version)" (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Tri-State

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA North American Heavyweight Championship ("Tri-State version)" (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA United States Tag Team Championship "(Tri-State version)" (1 time) – with André the Giant

paragraph: BULLET::::- National Wrestling Federation

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWF World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Dick Murdoch

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pro Wrestling Illustrated

paragraph: BULLET::::- Feud of the Year (1987)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Match of the Year (1979)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Match of the Year (1986)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Most Popular Wrestler of the Year (1978, 1979, 1987)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stanley Weston Award (2013)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wrestler of the Year (1977, 1978)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ranked No. 193 of the top 500 wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2001

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ranked No. 11 of the top 500 wrestlers of "PWI Years" in 2003

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ranked No. 76 and No. 88 of the top 100 tag teams of the "PWI Years" with Magnum T.A. and Manny Fernandez, respectively, in 2003

paragraph: BULLET::::- Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum

paragraph: BULLET::::- Class of 2010

paragraph: BULLET::::- World Championship Wrestling (Australia)

paragraph: BULLET::::- World Wrestling Entertainment/WWE

paragraph: BULLET::::- WWE Hall of Fame (Class of 2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Slammy Award (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Say What" Quote of the Year (2013) –

paragraph: BULLET::::- WWE Bronze Statue (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wrestling Observer Newsletter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Best Babyface (1980)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Best Booker (1986)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Most Charismatic (1982)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Most Embarrassing Wrestler (1990)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Most Overrated (1987, 1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Most Obnoxious (1988, 1989)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Readers' Least Favorite Wrestler (1987, 1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Worst Feud of the Year (1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Worst Gimmick (1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Worst Television Announcer (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame (Class of 1996)

paragraph: Section::::Media.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Books

paragraph: BULLET::::- Autobiography: "Dusty: Reflections of an American Dream" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- DVDs

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The American Dream: The Dusty Rhodes Story" (2006) WWE Home Video

paragraph: BULLET::::- Video Games

paragraph: BULLET::::- Runnels has appeared in the video games SmackDown vs. Raw 2007, SmackDown vs. Raw 2010, WWE 2K17 and WWE 2K18 as a non-DLC character, and had also appeared in WWE 2K14, WWE 2K16 and WWE 2K19 as DLC (Downloadable Content)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame Profile

alias:
The American Dream
Virgil Riley Runnels
Virgil Runnels

description: American professional wrestler

wikidata_label: Dusty Rhodes

wikipedia_title: Dusty Rhodes (wrestler)


text: Benjamin Graham

text: Columbia Business School

text: Wall Street Crash of 1929

text: alma mater

text: crash

text: Security Analysis

text: value investing

text: Martinsburg, West Virginia

text: Bachelor of Science

text: University of Pennsylvania

text: Master of Science

text: Columbia University

text: Columbia University

text: PhD

text: Columbia Business School

text: Professor Emeritus

text: Security Analysis

text: Michael I. Sovern

text: Columbia University

text: Doctor of Letters

text: Michael Sovern

text: commencement

text: American Economic Association

text: Social Science Research Council

text: American Finance Association

text: New York Society of Security Analysts

text: Beta Gamma Sigma

text: Phi Gamma Delta

text: Alpha Kappa Psi

text: Phi Chi Theta

text: US Navy

text: World War I

text: boatswain

text: lieutenant

text: JPMorgan Chase

text: National Association

text: NYS banking history here

text: hedge fund

text: investment trust

text: value investing

text: margin of safety

text: intrinsic value

text: modern portfolio theory

text: Nobel

text: Harry Markowitz

text: Merton Miller

text: William F. Sharpe

text: MPT

text: University of Chicago

text: quantitative analyst

text: Columbia

text: Mecca

text: efficient-market hypothesis

text: capital asset pricing model

text: extrapolate

text: proxy

text: risk

text: standard deviation

text: beta

text: alpha

text: Sharpe ratio

text: Warren Buffett

text: Bruce Greenwald

text: CBS

text: ivory tower

text: statistical

text: five-sigma event

text: value investing

text: chance

text: statistics

text: tails

text: standard deviation

text: Bruce Greenwald

text: Asset Management

text: Columbia University

text: Graduate School of Business

text: respiratory failure

text: Maine Medical Center

text: Portland, Maine

text: Barbara Dodd Anderson

text: Benjamin Graham

text: Stock Watering

text: Columbia University Press

categories: American male non-fiction writers,American investors,1895 births,Educators from West Virginia,American money managers,Columbia University alumni,1988 deaths,University of Pennsylvania alumni,American stock traders,Writers from Portland, Maine,People from Berkeley County, West Virginia,American economics writers,Place of death unknown,Economists from Maine,Columbia Business School faculty,American finance and investment writers,American financial analysts,20th-century American economists,Stock and commodity market managers

paragraph: David Dodd

paragraph: David LeFevre Dodd (August 23, 1895 – September 18, 1988) was an American educator, financial analyst, author, economist, professional investor, and in his student years, a "" of, and as a postgraduate, close colleague of Benjamin Graham at Columbia Business School.

paragraph: The Wall Street Crash of 1929 (Black Tuesday) almost wiped out Graham, who had started teaching the year before at his alma mater, Columbia. The crash inspired Graham to search for a more conservative, safer way to invest. Graham agreed to teach with the stipulation that someone take notes. Dodd, then a young instructor at Columbia, volunteered. Those transcriptions served as the basis for a 1934 book "Security Analysis", which galvanized the concept of value investing. It is the longest running investment text ever published.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: In 1916, Dodd graduated from High Street School, a high school in Martinsburg, West Virginia, where his father was the principal. In 1920, he completed his Bachelor of Science, at University of Pennsylvania. One year later, he received his Master of Science at Columbia University.

paragraph: Section::::Academic life.

paragraph: From 1922 to 1925, Dodd was an instructor of economics at Columbia University. From 1925 to 1930, he became an instructor of finance. From 1926 to 1945, he was in charge of the business and economics courses. In 1930, he received his PhD from Columbia University. From 1930 to 1938, Dodd was an Assistant Professor there, from 1938 to 1947 an Associate Professor, and from 1947 to 1961 a Full Professor. From 1948 to 1952, he was Associate Dean at the Columbia Business School. In 1961, he retired as Professor Emeritus in Finance at Columbia University. On May 17, 1984, on the 50th Anniversary of publishing "Security Analysis," Michael I. Sovern, President of Columbia University, awarded Dodd a Doctor of Letters, an honorary degree, for applying financial theories with brilliant results in a highly competitive world of investments. Columbia President Michael Sovern bestowed the honor during Columbia's 230th commencement exercises.

paragraph: Dodd was a member of the following organizations: American Economic Association, Social Science Research Council (investment committee 1950–1956), American Finance Association (Vice President 1946–1947), New York Society of Security Analysts, Beta Gamma Sigma, Phi Gamma Delta, Alpha Kappa Psi, and Phi Chi Theta.

paragraph: At the time of his death, various editions of the book he coauthored, "Security Analysis," had sold over 250,000 copies.

paragraph: Section::::Professional life.

paragraph: From 1917 to 1919, he was in the US Navy during World War I; rising from boatswain to lieutenant. From 1921 to 1922, he was Research assistant for an economist at National Bank of Commerce, New York (now part of JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association; see NYS banking history here). In 1928, he advised private clients on investments. From 1950 to 1958, he was Limited partner, Newman & Graham Ltd. (an unregulated hedge fund). From 1958 to 1959, he was General partner, Graham-Newman & Co. (a regulated investment trust formed in 1929).

paragraph: Section::::Professional life.:Value investing.

paragraph: The phrases "Graham and Dodd," "value investing," "margin of safety," and "intrinsic value"—all biblical to value investors—are often used interchangeably when referring to an approach to investing. Despite the onset of modern portfolio theory (MPT) in the late 1950s—a theory that peaked throughout the 80s, gaining Nobel recognition in 1990 (co-laureates: Harry Markowitz, Merton Miller, William F. Sharpe)—Value Investing proved to be a formidable style that sharply defied MPT. The University of Chicago was at the center of MPT (see "quantitative analyst") while Columbia has been the Mecca for Value Investing for 7½ decades. Many cracks in MPT are now well established, whereas the basics behind Graham & Dodd’s approach to Value Investing are as valid today as when they were first introduced.

paragraph: Value Investors see securities as either priced correctly, under-priced, or over-priced. In contrast, MPT proponents insist that, by definition under the efficient-market hypothesis, a realized price of a stock is the correct price. Value investor purists reject the usefulness of capital asset pricing model (CAPM), in part, because it wrongly extrapolates historical volatility as a proxy for risk. For example, if equity prices of a company fell 75%, assuming the underlying fundamentals of the company were solid, an MPT practitioner would view it as volatile (risky); whereas, a value investor would determine whether it was undervalued, and if so, buy it, reasoning that the resulting downward risk is less than before. Therefore, value investors see MPT metrics—such as standard deviation, beta (relative standard deviation), alpha (excess return), and the Sharpe ratio (risk adjusted return)—as inadequate and even misleading.

paragraph: Columbia resisted de-emphasizing Value Investing during the throes of the MPT renaissance, but the appeal of MPT seemed to be part of a larger movement, thrusting finance aspects of business education into higher echelons of academia. During about a 25-year period (1965–90), published research and articles in leading journals of the value ilk were few. Warren Buffett once commented, "You couldn't advance in a finance department in this country unless you taught that the world was flat." Shortly after the death of David Dodd in 1988, Bruce Greenwald, a star professor at CBS, took a keen interest in Value Investing. He found the overwhelming success of Value investors difficult to dismiss. At the same time, reliable data that fortified Value Investing was solidifying, while MPT was showing some flaws. Professor Greenwald invigorated the academic aspects of what many in ivory towers erstwhile treated as a vocational discipline.

paragraph: MPT pundits argue that the Warren Buffett's long-term record is a statistical three- to five-sigma event—that is, his success is probable, but not replicable with certainty.

paragraph: Yet the success of numerous other investment funds and practitioners who applied value investing theories weakened assertions attributing success to chance. Because Value Investing rejects MPT and its use of sophisticated statistics, there's irony when MPT theorists attribute its success to tails of standard deviation. Bruce Greenwald overhauled and relaunched the Value Investing curriculum at Columbia in the spring of 1994. Today, Value Investing enjoys broad appeal among academicians and investors around the world. Professor Greenwald is the Robert Heilbrunn Professor of Finance and Asset Management at Columbia University's Graduate School of Business.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: On August 9, 1924, he married Elsie Marguerite Firor (b. Mar 22, 1898 — d. 22 June 2001).

paragraph: David Dodd died September 18, 1988, aged 93, of respiratory failure at Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine. His daughter, Barbara Dodd Anderson (1932–2010) lived in Northern California and was a benefactor of the Heilbrunn Center for Graham and Dodd Investing.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Benjamin Graham & David Dodd (2008) "Security Analysis: Sixth Edition, Foreword by Warren Buffett", McGraw-Hill Professional.

paragraph: BULLET::::- David LeFevre Dodd, "Stock Watering: the judicial valuation of property for stock-issue purposes" (January 1, 1930), Columbia University Press

description: American educator and economist

wikidata_label: David Dodd

wikipedia_title: David Dodd


text:
Khmer
poet
Kse Diev
Khmer
Thailand
Thai
Khmer
poverty
sovereignty
literature
King Sisowath
Cambodia
Buddhist Institute
Phnom Penh
constipation
Buddhist year

categories: 1936 deaths,20th-century Cambodian writers,Cambodian poets,19th-century Cambodian writers,People from Kandal Province,1865 births

paragraph: Krom Ngoy

paragraph: Krom Ngoy () (born Ouk Ou អ៊ុក អ៊ូ; 1865 – 1936) was a famous Khmer poet and a master of Kse Diev (Khmer: ខ្សែឌៀវ). His fame spread to Thailand, and he was invited to sing for the then Thai King. He was well liked by the king and officials and was entitled “Phai-ros Loe Koern” in Thai or “Phee-rom Pheasa Ou” in Khmer which would mean one who is excellent in the use of language.

paragraph: He generally included issues relevant to ways of life of the people then in his songs or poetic teachings. They include: working in the farm to earn a living, choosing a spouse, poverty and its causes, ignorance of the people, consequences of laziness and inactiveness, dominance of foreigners on Khmer people, the loss of sovereignty, and the decline of the Khmer culture and literature.

paragraph: He was called for an audience with and sing for the King Sisowath of Cambodia and was given a title as “Neak Preah Phee-rom Pheasa Ou” unofficially translated as the elevated one who is excellent or perfect in the use of language. Ou was his name, but later on was given another name by the King to Ngoy in order not to duplicate with another royal official whose name was also Ou.

paragraph: His educational poems were delivered in voice form and not recorded. He was later on invited by the then director of the Buddhist Institute in Phnom Penh, Ms Suzanne Karpeles, to sing his poems in a slow phase so that his wisdom could be written down for later generations. His poetic teachings have been published by the Buddhist Institute.

paragraph: His wife’s name was In and he had six sons namely Doung, Cheng, Cha, Chen, Chong, and Chev. His 5th son, inherited his talent and was called Aja Chong. Aja refers to a teacher, a wise elder, the one who is knowledgeable in his subject, particularly literature or religion.

paragraph: Ouk Ou died at the age of 71, because of constipation, on Friday, the 6th day of the waxing moon, 2479 Buddhist year or 1936 AD.

paragraph: "Reference: Krom Ngoy’s Codes of Conduct, The Buddhist Institute, 1972"

description: poet

wikidata_label: Krom Ngoy

wikipedia_title: Krom Ngoy


text:
Norsemen
Aslaug
Tale of Ragnar's Sons
Halfdan Ragnarsson
Great Heathen Army
Kingdom of East Anglia
Leontii Voitovych
Askold
Vikings
Aslaug
Marco Ilsø

wikipedia_title:
Norsemen
Aslaug
Tale of Ragnar's Sons
Halfdan Ragnarsson
Great Heathen Army
Kingdom of East Anglia
Leontii Voitovych
Askold
Vikings (2013 TV series)
Aslaug
Marco Ilsø

paragraph: Hvitserk

paragraph: Hvitserk ("Hvítserkr") "White-Shirt" was one of the sons of the legendary 9th-century Norsemen Ragnar Lothbrok and his wife Aslaug. He is attested to by the Tale of Ragnar's Sons ("Ragnarssona þáttr"). He is not mentioned in any source that mentions Halfdan Ragnarsson, one of the leaders of the Great Heathen Army that invaded the Kingdom of East Anglia in 865, or vice versa, which consequently led some scholars to suggest that they are the same individual with "Hvitserk" being only a nickname.

paragraph: After having avenged his father together with his brothers, he went to Gardarike ("Garðaríki"). Hvitserk also pillaged with the Rus. He was, however, opposed by such a large foe that he could not win. When asked about how he wished to die, he decided to be burned alive at a stake of human remains

paragraph: The Ukrainian historian Leontii Voitovych assumed that Hvitserk was possibly another name of the Kievan prince Askold.

paragraph: Modern depictions of Hvitserk as a son of Ragnar include History's historical drama television series Vikings, where he features as Ragnar's son by Aslaug, (played by Marco Ilsø).

alias:
Hvitsärk Ragnarsson
Hvitsärk

description: Hvitsärk Ragnarsson was a Scandinavian warlord during the Viking era and was one of the sons of Ragnar Lodbrok.

wikidata_label: Hvitserk

wikipedia_title: Hvitserk