text: Queen Elizabeth II

text: 6th Earl of Carnarvon

text: Anglo-American

text: Big Horn

text: Wyoming

text: Wallop

text: English

text: nobility

text: Earl of Portsmouth

text: George Herbert, 8th Earl of Carnarvon

text: Royal Horse Guards

text: Queen Elizabeth II

text: Hampshire County Council

text: Royal Victorian Order

text: Netflix

text: "The Crown"

text: Joseph Kloska

categories: Herbert family,Members of Hampshire County Council,Earls of Carnarvon (1793),Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire,Rothschild family,Knights Commander of the Royal Victorian Order,2001 deaths,British racehorse owners and breeders,1924 births,Sportspeople from London,Deputy Lieutenants of Hampshire

paragraph: Henry Herbert, 7th Earl of Carnarvon

paragraph: Henry George Reginald Molyneux Herbert, 7th Earl of Carnarvon, (19 January 1924 – 11 September 2001) was a British peer and racing manager to Queen Elizabeth II from 1969. He was the only son of the 6th Earl of Carnarvon by his first wife Catherine Wendell.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and children.

paragraph: Like his father, Carnarvon (then known as Lord Porchester) fell in love with an Anglo-American, Jean Margaret Wallop, of Big Horn, Wyoming. The Wallop family were also members of the English nobility not far from the Earls of Carnarvon. The head of the Wallop family is the Earl of Portsmouth. The two were married on 7 January 1956 in St James's Episcopal Church, New York.

paragraph: The Earl and Countess of Carnarvon had three children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- George Herbert, 8th Earl of Carnarvon (10 November 1956), who married Jayne Wilby on 16 December 1989; they were divorced in January 1998. They have two children. He married Fiona Aitken on 18 February 1999. They have one son.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Hon. Henry "Harry" Herbert (2 March 1959), who married Francesca Bevan in 1992. They have three children.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chloe Victoria Herbert (1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Francesca Jeanie Herbert (21 November 1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- William Henry Herbert (14 November 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Carolyn Herbert, (27 January 1962), who married John Warren in 1985. They have three children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jakie James Warren (1986)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Susanna Warren (1988)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexander Edward Warren (1994)

paragraph: Lady Carnarvon died on 10 April 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He served as a lieutenant in the Royal Horse Guards, and later become Honorary Colonel of the 116th (Hampshire Fortress) Engineer Regiment (Territorial Army).

paragraph: Lord Carnavon was best known as a lifetime personal friend of Queen Elizabeth II's and as the manager of her racing stables. The Queen called Lord Carnarvon "Porchey", after the courtesy title he used before succeeding to the earldom of Carnarvon upon the death of his father, the sixth earl. After his death, John Warren succeeded his father-in-law as the Queen’s racing manager.

paragraph: Carnarvon was an independent member of the Hampshire County Council (though he later took the Tory whip) and became its Chairman. He was also the Chairman of the South East Economic Planning Council.

paragraph: He was invested as a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order (KCVO) in 1982.

paragraph: Section::::Cultural depictions.

paragraph: He is featured as a character in the first two seasons of the Netflix drama "The Crown", portrayed by Joseph Kloska.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Grice, Elizabeth. "Perfect 10: The Men and Women Who Have Shaped the Queen," "The Daily Telegraph" online, telegraph.co.uk, 1 June 2012, accessed 1 June 2012.

description: British racing manager

wikidata_label: Henry Herbert, 7th Earl of Carnarvon

wikipedia_title: Henry Herbert, 7th Earl of Carnarvon


text:
Philip de Lalaing, 3rd Count of Lalaing
Principality of Hornes
Liege
Croÿ
Philippe Emanuel, Prince of Hornes

categories: 1631 births,Princes of Hornes,1709 deaths

paragraph: Eugene Maximilian, Prince of Hornes

paragraph: Eugene Maximillian, 1st Prince of Hornes (October 1, 1631 – March 10, 1709) was the son of Ambroise de Hornes, 2nd Count of Bassignies and Marie Marguerite de Bailleul de Lesdaing. He was a great-grandson of Philip de Lalaing, 3rd Count of Lalaing

paragraph: He was made a Prince of the Empire on October 19, 1677, and his domain elevated to the Principality of Hornes. It was an enclave of Liege. He was married to Princess Anne Marie Jeanne of Croÿ and had one son, Philippe Emanuel, Prince of Hornes. He died 14 October 1718.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gilliat-Smith, Ernest (1901). "The History of Bruges". London: J. M. Dent.

description: Prince of Hornes

wikidata_label: Eugene Maximilian, Prince of Hornes

wikipedia_title: Eugene Maximilian, Prince of Hornes


text:
soap opera
The Edge of Night
Mississippi
Holly Springs
Procter and Gamble Productions
CBS Daytime
Perry Mason
Erle Stanley Gardner
John Larkin
Mike Karr
head writer
NBC Daytime
Three Steps to Heaven
Search for Tomorrow
Florida
Paradise Bay
The Clear Horizon
Hidden Faces
NBC
Conard Fowkes
Louise Shaffer
Tony Lo Bianco
Linda Blair

categories: 1995 deaths,American soap opera writers,1902 births,People from Holly Springs, Mississippi,American television writers

paragraph: Irving Vendig

paragraph: Irving Vendig (October 11, 1902 — January 7, 1995) was an American soap opera writer best known for creating "The Edge of Night".

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Born in the Mississippi city of Holly Springs, Vendig created "The Edge of Night" for Procter and Gamble Productions and CBS Daytime in 1956. He had been a writer on the "Perry Mason" radio show and when Erle Stanley Gardner refused to allow the show to become a soap opera, Vendig refashioned the show into "The Edge of Night", and brought actor John Larkin, who played Mason on the radio, to the show as series star Mike Karr. The character of Mike's daughter, Laurie Ann Karr, was named for Vendig's daughter Laurie Ann.

paragraph: Vendig was the series' head writer from 1956 until 1960, then co-head writer with James Gentile from 1960 until 1965. Vendig was credited on-air as series' creator until his departure from the daytime drama in 1965.

paragraph: He also created the NBC Daytime drama "Three Steps to Heaven". He also wrote for the daytime dramas "Search for Tomorrow" (which he wasn't able to see at his Florida home because the local CBS affiliate didn't carry it), "Paradise Bay" and "The Clear Horizon". He created "Hidden Faces", a short-lived drama for NBC, which was similar in theme to his more famous "The Edge of Night", which starred Stephen Joyce, Conard Fowkes, Louise Shaffer, Tony Lo Bianco and future Oscar nominee Linda Blair.

description: American screenwriter

wikidata_label: Irving Vendig

wikipedia_title: Irving Vendig


text:
Condé
Bailleul, Somme
Eugene Maximilian, Prince of Hornes
Croÿ
Ligne
Principality of Hornes
Holy Roman Empire
France
Germany
Belgium
Netherlands
Principality of Liège

categories: 1718 deaths,Princes of Hornes,1661 births

paragraph: Philippe Emanuel of Hornes

paragraph: Philippe Emanuel, Prince of Hornes, Prince of Overisque, Count of Solre-le-Château (31 August 1661 in Condé – 14 October 1718 in Bailleul, Somme), he was the son of Eugene Maximilian, Prince of Hornes and Princess Anne Marie Jeanne of Croÿ. He married Princess Marie Anne Antoninette of Ligne.

paragraph: His domain, the Principality of Hornes, was a part of the Holy Roman Empire in what is now modern France, Germany, Belgium and the Netherlands. It was surrounded by the Principality of Liège. It had 3 enclaves, which were in France.

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: He married Princess Marie Anne Antoinette of Ligne and had six children. They were:

description: Prince of Hornes

wikidata_label: Philippe Emanuel, Prince of Hornes

wikipedia_title: Philippe Emanuel of Hornes


text:
Edo Castle
Uesugi Tomooki
Uesugi
Kamakura
Hōjō clan
siege of Kamakura
Takeda
Kawagoe Castle
Takeda Nobutora
Battle of Nashinokidaira
battle of Kōnodai
Shimōsa Province
Awa
Odawara
Edo
Hōjō Ujiyasu
Hojo Soun
Hojo Ujiyasu

paragraph: Hōjō Ujitsuna

paragraph: In 1524, Ujitsuna took Edo Castle, which was controlled by Uesugi Tomooki, thus beginning a long-running rivalry between the Hōjō and Uesugi families. Two years later, the Uesugi attacked and burned Kamakura, which was a major loss to the Hōjō symbolically, because the earlier Hōjō clan from which they took their name fell in the siege of Kamakura in 1333.

paragraph: The Uesugi attacked again in 1535, when Ujitsuna was away fighting the Takeda; however, Ujitsuna returned and defeated Uesugi Tomooki, reclaiming his lands. When Uesugi Tomooki died two years later, Ujitsuna took the opportunity to seize Kawagoe Castle, and secure his control of the Kantō.

paragraph: In 1526, Hojo Ujitsuna was defeated by Takeda Nobutora in the Battle of Nashinokidaira.

paragraph: Ujitsuna then went on to win the battle of Kōnodai in 1538, securing Shimōsa Province for the Hōjō.

paragraph: In 1539 he defeated the Koga Kubo Yoshiaki and gained control of Awa.

paragraph: Over the next several years before his death in 1541, Ujitsuna oversaw the rebuilding of Kamakura, making it a symbol of the growing power of the Hōjō, along with Odawara and Edo. He was succeeded as head of the Hōjō clan and lord of Odawara by his son Hōjō Ujiyasu.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Father: Hojo Soun

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mother: Nan’nyoin-dono

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wife: Yojuin-dono

paragraph: BULLET::::- Concubine: Konoe-dono

paragraph: BULLET::::- Children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hojo Ujiyasu by Yojuin-dono

paragraph: BULLET::::- Son

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hojo Tamemasa (1520-1542)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hojo Ujitaka (1522-1562)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Joshin’in married Ota Suketaka

paragraph: BULLET::::- daughter married Kira Yoriyasu

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hoshun’in married Ashikaga Haruuji

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sakihime married Horikoshi Sadatomo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Daichoin married Hojo Tsunamori

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chiyo married Katsurayama Ujimoto

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Turnbull, Stephen (2002). 'War in Japan: 1467–1615'. Oxford: Osprey Publishing.

alias:
Hojo Ujitsuna
Houjou Ujitsuna

description: Japanese daimyo of the Sengoku period

wikidata_label: Hōjō Ujitsuna

wikipedia_title: Hōjō Ujitsuna


text:
Bishop of Wells
Lorraine
Edward the Confessor
Stigand
Archbishop of Canterbury
archdeacon
Norman Conquest
Lanfranc
Wells Cathedral
Lorraine
St Trond
Belgium
Edward the Confessor
Nicholas II
Archbishop of Canterbury
Stigand
excommunicated
Walter of Lorraine
Bishop of Hereford
see
cloister
Wells Cathedral
canons
Conquest
archdeacon
Harold Godwinson
William I of England
Domesday Book
writ
Æthelnoth
Glastonbury
sheriff of Somerset
thegn
Somerset
Norman Conquest
William
Lanfranc
Council of Windsor
Council of London
Muchelney
Athelney
Wulfstan, Bishop of Worcester
Mass for the Dead

categories: 11th-century Roman Catholic bishops,1088 deaths,Bishops of Wells,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Gisa (bishop of Wells)

paragraph: Gisa (also written Giso; died 1088) was Bishop of Wells from 1060 to 1088. A native of Lorraine, Gisa came to England as a chaplain to King Edward the Confessor. After his appointment to Wells, he travelled to Rome rather than be consecrated by Stigand, the Archbishop of Canterbury. As bishop, Gisa added buildings to his cathedral, introduced new saints to his diocese, and instituted the office of archdeacon in his diocese. After the Norman Conquest, Gisa took part in the consecration of Lanfranc, the new Archbishop of Canterbury, and attended Lanfranc's church councils. His tomb in Wells Cathedral was opened in the 20th century and a cross was discovered in his tomb.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Gisa was born in Lorraine, probably the village of St Trond in modern Belgium, and was among a number of foreign churchmen brought to England by King Edward the Confessor. At first he held the position of king's chaplain, but in January 1060 or possibly January 1061 he was elected to become Bishop of Wells. Pope Nicholas II consecrated him on 15 April 1061 in Rome. He went to Rome for consecration because the current Archbishop of Canterbury was Stigand, whom successive popes had excommunicated for various irregularities, and traveled in company with another bishop—Walter of Lorraine, the Bishop of Hereford-elect—and Tostig Godwinson. The "Vita Edwardi" says that he was "most suitably and excellently trained".

paragraph: On Gisa's arrival in the see he found the church there quite poor. He constructed cloisters to the north of Wells Cathedral and communal buildings to the south for the canons. He ordered the canons to live together under a rule, but exactly which rule it was is unknown. After the Conquest, he introduced the veneration of new saints into his cathedral, as well as setting up an archdeacon in the diocese for the first time. He also wrote a history of the church. He worked to restore lands formerly held by the bishop or cathedral that had been unjustly acquired by others.

paragraph: Gisa obtained land grants for the upkeep of the church and canons from King Edward the Confessor and the later kings Harold Godwinson and William I of England. He is mentioned many times in the Domesday Book as the holder of land for the see, and was notorious for acquiring land throughout his bishopric. The only surviving writ of Harold's issued while Harold was king dealt with Giso's rights as bishop, and was addressed to Abbot Æthelnoth of Glastonbury, the sheriff of Somerset, and the thegns of Somerset.

paragraph: After the Norman Conquest, Gisa supported William, the new king of England. He helped consecrate Lanfranc as Archbishop of Canterbury in 1070, and attended the Council of Windsor in 1072 and the Council of London in 1075. At a later church council, Giso asserted his authority over the abbots of Muchelney and Athelney, but failed to uphold the same claim in regards to Thurstan, Abbot of Glastonbury. Previously, he was credited as the author of "Historiola de primordiis episcopatus Somersetensis", a history of the bishops of Wells, but he is no longer considered the author of that work.

paragraph: Gisa died in 1088 and was buried at Wells Cathedral. When he died, he, along with Wulfstan, Bishop of Worcester, were the only remaining bishops from Edward the Confessor's appointments. His tomb was opened in 1979, and a cross with verses from the Mass for the Dead inscribed on it was found in his tomb.

description: Bishop of Wells

wikidata_label: Gisa

wikipedia_title: Gisa (bishop of Wells)


text:
empress
Han Dynasty
Emperor Cheng
Consort Zhao Hede
Four Beauties
Yang Guifei
Emperor Xuanzong of Tang
Princess Yang'a
swallow
Empress Xu
Consort Ban
Empress Dowager Wang
Prince Liu Xing of Zhongshan
Prince Liu Xin of Dingtao
Consort Fu
aphrodisiac
empress dowager
march
Dong Xian
Wang Mang
Emperor Ping
Confucian
Biographies of Exemplary Women
Han dynasty
Liu Xiang
Love Weaves Through a Millennium
Niki Yi
Book of Han
Zizhi Tongjian

categories: Han dynasty empresses,32 BC births,1 BC deaths,1st-century BC women

paragraph: Zhao Feiyan

paragraph: Zhao Feiyan (, 45 BC – 1 BC), formally Empress Xiaocheng (孝成皇后), was an empress during the Han Dynasty. Her husband was Emperor Cheng. She was known in the Chinese popular mindset more for her beauty than for the palace intrigue that she and her sister, the also beautiful Consort Zhao Hede engaged in, but unlike most of the famous beauties in Chinese history (such as the Four Beauties), she was often vilified by her own sisters. She was often compared and contrasted with Yang Guifei, the beautiful concubine of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang, because she was known for her slender build while Yang was known for her full build. This led to the Chinese idiom "huanfei yanshou" (環肥燕瘦, literally "plump Huan, slender Fei"), which describes the range of the types of beauties, later also used as a figurative expression on literary styles that can be either verbose or sparse but both equally effective.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: The actual birth date of Zhao Feiyan is not known but it is assumed to be 45 BC. According to historical accounts, her personal name might be Yi Zhu (宜主). According to historical accounts, she was a daughter of two hereditary servants of imperial princes or princesses. Those accounts also say that when she was born, her parents were so poor that they abandoned her, but they saw that she was still alive after three days, so they took her back in and raised her. After her father died she and her sister were adopted by a housekeeper to a rich family. Their adoptive father's name was Zhao Lin (趙臨) and they took his surname.

paragraph: When she grew up, she was assigned to the household of Princess Yang'a (陽阿公主), the sister of Emperor Cheng. She became a dancing girl there, and she received the name that she would become known for—Feiyan (literally, "flying swallow") because she was so slender and so agile in dance that she was like a flying swallow.

paragraph: Section::::Imperial consort to Cheng.

paragraph: Circa 19 BC, Emperor Cheng was visiting Princess Yang'a when he saw both her and her sister Hede, and he became enamored with them. He had both of them sent to his palace, and they became greatly favored imperial consorts, and they took his affection away from Empress Xu and Consort Ban. In 18 BC, they falsely accused Empress Xu and Consort Ban of witchcraft; Empress Xu was deposed, and while Consort Ban was able to successfully plead her case, she did not wish to return to the same environment and instead became a lady in waiting for Empress Dowager Wang. The Zhao sisters now dominated the palace.

paragraph: Emperor Cheng wanted to make Feiyan the new empress, but Empress Dowager Wang complained about her low birth and prior occupation as a dance girl. In 16 BC, she finally capitulated to her son's wishes, and in preparation, Emperor Cheng first created Feiyan's father Zhao Lin the Marquess of Chengyang, so that she would no longer be viewed as coming from low birth. In the summer of that year, she was created empress.

paragraph: Section::::Empress.

paragraph: After Feiyan was made empress, she began to lose favor from Emperor Cheng, while her sister Hede received the nearly exclusive affection of Emperor Cheng. While the sisters initially were jealous of each other, they later reconciled, and continued to dominate the palace together. However, neither of them would produce any children who could serve as imperial heir—something greatly troubling to Emperor Cheng (whose earlier favorites Empress Xu and Consort Ban were also childless, and no other consort of whom was known to have had children). It was alleged that Empress Zhao, with her sister covering for her, often engaged in adulterous acts with men who were known to have fathered many children, in hopes of becoming pregnant.

paragraph: Empress Zhao and her sister Hede would also be alleged to have been involved in something even more sinister around this period. Based on an investigative report later authored in 6 BC (after Emperor Cheng's death), Emperor Cheng had two sons—one born to Consort Cao in 12 BC and one born to Consort Xu (a relative of the deposed Empress Xu) in 11 BC. However, both of the sons were murdered in their infancy by orders of Consort Zhao Hede, with at least tacit agreement from Emperor Cheng; Consort Cao was forced to commit suicide after her son was murdered. The report further alleged that the Zhao sisters engaged in many tactics, such as forced abortions, assassinations, and poisonings, to make sure that no other concubine would bear an imperial heir.

paragraph: In 9 BC, still heirless, Emperor Cheng appeared to come to the resolution of making either his younger brother Prince Liu Xing of Zhongshan (中山王劉興) or his nephew Prince Liu Xin of Dingtao his heir. Emperor Cheng became convinced that Prince Xin was more capable, and at the same time, Prince Xin's grandmother Consort Fu was endearing herself to Empress Zhao, her sister Hede, and Emperor Cheng's uncle Wang Gen with lavish gifts, and so the Zhaos and Wang Gen both praised Prince Xin as well. Emperor Cheng made Prince Xin crown prince in 8 BC.

paragraph: Section::::Empress Dowager.

paragraph: Emperor Cheng died suddenly in 7 BC, apparently from a stroke (although historians also report the possibility of an overdosage of aphrodisiacs given to him by Consort Zhao Hede). Immediately there were many rumors that he had in fact had concubines who bore him sons, but that those sons and their mothers were murdered by Consort Zhao Hede (out of jealousy) and possibly Emperor Cheng himself. Grieving her husband and apparently fearful of appraisals, Consort Zhao Hede killed herself. Crown Prince Xin ascended the throne as Emperor Ai. Because the rumors largely centered around Hede and because of her role in Emperor Ai's becoming Emperor Cheng's heir, Empress Zhao was personally unscathed, and Emperor Ai honored her with the title of empress dowager. However, she would have little or no political influence during the reign of Emperor Ai.

paragraph: After the investigative report commissioned by Grand Empress Dowager Wang was published in 6 BC, accusing Consort Zhao Hede of the atrocities against the other imperial consorts and their children (and implicitly, although not directly, accusing Empress Dowager Zhao of the same thing), Empress Dowager Zhao's family was exiled, and the marquess titles granted to her brother and her nephew were removed. However, Empress Dowager Zhao herself was spared, particularly because she was on very friendly relations with Emperor Ai's domineering grandmother Consort Fu (who had now insisted on, and receiving, the title of grand empress dowager as well). Some of her relatives, instead of going into exile, were hidden by Grand Empress Dowager Wang's nephew Wang Ren (王仁), but after they were discovered, Wang was punished by being sent back to his march.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: In 1 BC, Emperor Ai died. In decisive action, Grand Empress Dowager Wang seized power back from Emperor Ai's favorite Dong Xian and made her nephew Wang Mang regent to the succeeding Emperor Ping. Wang Mang, who wanted to extinguish all dissent (and who previously bore a grudge against Emperor Ai for demoting him and extended that grudge to those who supported Emperor Ai) had Empress Dowager Zhao demoted from her position as empress dowager to the title of Empress Xiaocheng. A few months later, she was further demoted to a commoner and ordered to guard her husband's tomb. That day, she committed suicide.

paragraph: Section::::Inclusion in the Lienü zhuan.

paragraph: Her biography was included in the Confucian classic "Biographies of Exemplary Women" ("Lienü Zhuan"), compiled by the Han dynasty scholar Liu Xiang. Zhao Feiyan's biography is part of Scroll 9, titled "Supplemental Biographies " (新刊續列女傳).

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zhao is portrayed as one of the characters of the Chinese television series "Love Weaves Through a Millennium," played by Niki Yi.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Book of Han", .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zizhi Tongjian", vols. , , , , .

description: Empress of Han Dynasty China

wikidata_label: Empress Zhao Feiyan

wikipedia_title: Zhao Feiyan


text:
Korea
hanja
Korea
The Dong-a Ilbo
Korea Democratic Party
Baikuisa
South Korea
Kim Seong-su
Kim Gu
The Dong-a Ilbo
Korea Democratic Party
Yun Bo-seon
Shin Ik-hee
Chang Deok-soo
goha SongJinwoo Museum
Song Jin-woo:Daum
Song Jin-woo:Nate korean history
Song Jin-woo

categories: Korean revolutionaries,Korean politicians,Korean journalists,South Korean anti-communists,Assassinated Korean politicians,Korean independence activists,1889 births,People murdered in Korea,Korean educators,People imprisoned on charges of terrorism,Assassinated South Korean people,1945 deaths

paragraph: Song Jin-woo (journalist)

paragraph: Song Jin-woo (Korean: 송진우, hanja: 宋鎭禹, May 8, 1889 - December 30, 1945) was a Korean journalist, politician, independence activist, and social activist. His nickname was Goha (고하, 古下). He was the 3rd, 6th and 8th CEO of The Dong-a Ilbo and he was the founder and first head of the Korea Democratic Party (한국 민주당) in 1945. He was by Baikuisa, a South Korean terrorist group.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kim Seong-su

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kim Gu

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Dong-a Ilbo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Korea Democratic Party

paragraph: BULLET::::- Yun Bo-seon

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shin Ik-hee

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chang Deok-soo

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- goha SongJinwoo Museum

paragraph: BULLET::::- Song Jin-woo:Daum

paragraph: BULLET::::- Song Jin-woo:Nate korean history

paragraph: BULLET::::- Song Jin-woo

description: Korean politician

wikidata_label: Song Jin-woo

wikipedia_title: Song Jin-woo (journalist)


text:
visual artist
Industrial Light & Magic
Visual Effects Academy Award
"Star Wars"
Visual Effects Emmy
The Day After
theme park
experimental feature films
St. Paul’s School
London, England
A Levels
Pomona College
Clairmont, California
California Institute of the Arts
Don Levy
Pat O’Neil
optical printer
Crest Digital
Hearts And Minds
Peter Davis
Con Son Island
One By One
optical effects
optical composite
Robert Abel
Douglas Trumbull
John Dykstra
George Lucas
John Dykstra
VistaVision
Industrial Light & Magic
Rotoscope
Panavision
anamorphic
ILM
diffraction-limited
RGB
Best Visual Effects Academy Award
Carl Sagan’s
Adrian Malone
The Day After
storyboards
Lawrence, Kansas
mushroom clouds
Blues Brothers
John Landis
Robert Weiss
Airplane!
opening sequence
Altered States
Ken Russell
William Hurt’s
Wolfen
Michael Wadleigh
Steadicam
Garret Brown
"Cat People"
Paul Schrader
Natasha Kinski’s
RoboCop
Paul Verhoven
Jon Davison
Rhythm & Hues
theme park ride
Alex Funke
Iwerks Entertainment
"Aliens"
Marrakech, Morocco
Hollywood, California
Martin Short
Eugene Levy
Cadillac
Chevrolet
Coca Cola
Dodge
Hyundai
Kodak
Minolta
Panasonic
Papermate
Philip Morris
Union Carbide
Sharp
3M
UHDTV
Angkor Wat
China
India
Sri Lanka
France
China
Germany
Austria
Cinematheque Francaise
VFX

categories: Visual effects artists,Best Visual Effects Academy Award winners,Living people,1948 births

paragraph: Robert Blalack

paragraph: Robert Blalack is a mass-media visual artist and producer. One of the founders of Industrial Light & Magic, he received the Visual Effects Academy Award for his work on the original "Star Wars". He also received the Visual Effects Emmy for his work on the television motion picture "The Day After". He produces and directs USA and international mixed-media TV commercials, location-based theme park rides, and his independent, experimental feature films.

paragraph: Section::::Education.

paragraph: BULLET::::- St. Paul’s School, London, England 1963-1966. University Entrance A Levels: Physics, Math, and Chemistry.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pomona College, Clairmont, California 1966-1970. BA-English Literature/Theater Arts. Begins self-taught work in non-narrative experimental film.

paragraph: BULLET::::- California Institute of the Arts 1970-1973. MFA-Film Studies. Continues experimental film work, co-directs "The Words" (1973) with Cal-Arts professor Don Levy. Blalack is the teaching assistant of experimental filmmaker and faculty member Pat O’Neil.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Early experimental films.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Over/Done" (1969) 24 minutes

paragraph: BULLET::::- "If They Only Knew" (1969) 20 minutes

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Navajo Mountain" (1972) 36 minutes

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Words" (1973) 26 minutes.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Early professional career.

paragraph: 1973: Blalack works the optical printer night shift making 35mm to 16mm TV negatives at Crest Film Labs, later renamed Crest Digital.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hearts And Minds" (1974). Academy Award recipient for Best Documentary Feature. Blalack animates director Peter Davis´s smuggled photographs of Con Son Island Tiger Cage prisoners.

paragraph: BULLET::::- One By One (1975). Blalack creates a first-person subjective optical effects sequence designed to put the audience in the driver’s seat of a Formula One race car.

paragraph: During Blalack’s work for "One By One", Praxis Film Works, Inc. is formed. After "One By One", Blalack continues to produce optical effects for low-budget Hollywood movies and optical composite for high-end TV commercials.

paragraph: In 1975, Blalack works with the two leading Visual Effects innovators, Robert Abel and Douglas Trumbull. Trumbull commissions Blalack to make a 16mm promo showcasing the creativity of Trumbull's Visual Effects studio “Future General”. While making this documentary, Blalack meets Trumbull’s cameraman John Dykstra.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Star Wars (1975-77).

paragraph: In June 1975, George Lucas chooses John Dykstra to supervise the Visual Effects for "Star Wars". Dykstra asks Blalack to help him build the "Star Wars" VistaVision Visual Effects facility. As one of the founders of Industrial Light & Magic, Blalack’s responsity is to create crucial ILM VistaVision Photographic Optical Composite and Rotoscope Animation production pipelines that will mass-produce a record 365 VistaVision-to-35mm Panavision anamorphic Visual Effects composites.

paragraph: No modern VistaVision photographic blue screen pipeline exists when ILM is founded. The modest Budget of "Star Wars" dictates that Blalack gather obsolete VistaVision optical composite equipment, modernize and debug each mechanical and optical component, devise methods to mass produce 365 Visual Effects composites, design the Rotoscope Department, and hire and train the Optical Composite and Rotoscope crew. Blalack supervises the design and fabrication of the world’s first and only aerial-image diffraction-limited VistaVision-to-35mm optical composite system. The Star Wars 365 VistaVision Visual Effects shots contain 1,250 original VistaVision color negative elements, from which are generated more than 10,000 RGB Black & White Color Separations, mattes and other intermediate VistaVision composite elements. All of these VistaVision Visual Effects composite elements are photographed and composited during the final seven months of the Star Wars production.

paragraph: At the Star Wars 40 anniversary, Blalack spoke to the assembled crew: "“All of us changed the direction of filmmaking. Because of you, visions once completely impossible are now within reach. And you know it wasn’t always like that. We discovered that building ILM from scratch during production was like jumping out of a low-budget airplane, and stitching up a parachute during freefall.”"

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Star Wars (1975-77).:Star Wars Academy Award (1978).

paragraph: Blalack receives the 1978 Best Visual Effects Academy Award for his work on "Star Wars".

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Cosmos: A Personal Voyage.

paragraph: In 1980 Blalack produces Visual Effects for 12 of the 13 episodes of Carl Sagan’s "", in collaboration with the series producer Adrian Malone.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:The Day After.

paragraph: In 1983, Blalack designs and produces "The Day After" visual effects. To determine what Visual Effects the movie needs, the Praxis team creates storyboards designed to visualize the effects on the population of Lawrence, Kansas of the nuclear detonations, the blasts aftermath, radiation effects, and the missile contrails of US-launched ICBMs..

paragraph: Praxis analyzes the cost of 35mm high-speed blue screen photography of real explosions designed to simulate a nuclear bomb mushroom cloud. Given the number of shots with unique mushroom clouds that must be produced within the modest production budget, Blalack decides to create both the nuclear bomb simulations and the missile contrails of the US-launched ICBMs in a Praxis Film Works, Inc. custom-built, computer-controlled water tank, where the interaction between the iconic mushroom cloud “cap” and “stem”, are each separately controlled with precision..

paragraph: Section::::Career.:The Day After.:The Day After Emmy (1984).

paragraph: Blalack receives the 1984 Outstanding Individual Achievement, Special Visual Effects Emmy for his work on "The Day After".

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Additional motion picture work.

paragraph: Blalack creates and produces visual effects for motion pictures, including:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blues Brothers" (1980). Works with director John Landis and producer Robert Weiss to design and produce the visual effects for the “Nazis Drive off the End of the Unfinished Freeway” sequence.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Airplane!" (1980). Produces the iconic opening sequence of the tail fin of a passenger jet swimming back and forth through clouds, set to the theme music from "Jaws".

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Altered States" (1980). Works with director Ken Russell to design and produce special optical effects sequences simulating the psychedelic effects experienced by William Hurt’s character.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wolfen (1981). Works with Academy Award winner Michael Wadleigh to design and produce the “Wolf Vision” Special Visual Effects. Wolf Vision incorporates multi-layered RGB color separation optical composites of the Wolfen POV cinematography shot by Steadicam inventor Garret Brown.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cat People" (1982). Works with director Paul Schrader to design and produce the CatVision of Natasha Kinski’s character after she transforms into a black panther.

paragraph: BULLET::::- RoboCop (1987). Works as Optical Supervisor with director Paul Verhoven and producer Jon Davison.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Theme park work.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Seafari" (1994). Praxis Film Works, Inc. produces Motion Control Miniature Photography for Rhythm & Hues´s mixed-media theme park ride, with lighting by Visual Effects Oscar winner Alex Funke.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Aliens: Ride at the Speed of Fright" (1996). Praxis Film Works, Inc. provides Motion Control Miniature Photography for this Iwerks Entertainment Location-Based theme park ride, that explores visual themes from the movie "Aliens".

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Akbar’s Adventure Tours - Busch Entertainment, Inc." (1998). Blalack directs live action sequences in Marrakech, Morocco and Hollywood, California with Martin Short and Eugene Levy. Praxis Film Works, Inc. produces the visual effects.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Television commercial work.

paragraph: Blalack has directed hundreds of multi-layered mixed-media USA and International TV commercials, produced by Praxis Film Works, Inc., for such clients as Cadillac, Chevrolet, Coca Cola, Dodge, Hyundai, Kodak, Minolta, Panasonic, Papermate, Philip Morris, Union Carbide, Sharp, and 3M.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Independent motion pictures.

paragraph: Blalack is in post production on ”Daddy Dearest”, a Praxis Film Works, Inc. production of Blalack’s experimental 8K motion picture scheduled for a 2019 release.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Artworks.

paragraph: Blalack's “Living Paintings” are 10 hour 4K and 8K UHDTV artworks created from his 2008 to 2017 photographic journeys into the ancient temples of Angkor Wat, China, India, Sri Lanka, and the Gothic churches of France.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Multi-Media conversations.

paragraph: Blalack has given multi-media talks at more than 70 universities, film schools, VFX schools, art schools and film festivals in China, Germany, Austria, and in France at the Cinematheque Francaise. He explores the design and realization of ILM from scratch for "Star Wars", the impact of VFX on Hollywood studio creative choices, strategies for aspiring movie workers to optimize their career paths into and inside today’s Merged-Media Motion Picture design and production opportunities.

description: Visual Effects Artist

wikidata_label: Robert Blalack

wikipedia_title: Robert Blalack


text:
electronic
Stockport
Tri Angle (record label)
R&B
UK Garage
House Music
The Guardian
Spin Magazine
Stereogum
Pitchfork
Mixmag
FACT Magazine
Alternative R&B
Beach House
Amon Tobin
Lucky Dragons

categories: People from Stockport,English electronic musicians

paragraph: Holy Other

paragraph: Holy Other is a British electronic musician and producer originally from Stockport, Greater Manchester, England. He is best known for his debut album "Held".

paragraph: Section::::Music career.

paragraph: Holy Other made his debut in 2010 with the release of a 7" single, "We Over", on Transparent Records. Shortly after he signed to Tri Angle (record label) and released his debut EP, "With U", in 2011. "With U" was highly acclaimed by music critics, many applauding its unique blend of R&B, UK Garage, and House Music. Paul Lester, writing for The Guardian, remarked in reference to the EP “remember those stories about Prince being a Cocteau Twins fan? Well, this is what might have resulted had he worked with Robin Guthrie or Kevin Shields”, while Marc Hogan, in his review for Spin Magazine wrote that the EP "blasts through not only genres, but the divide between the otherworldly and the physical”. Despite the early hype Holy Other immediately developed a reputation for being a particularly elusive and private artist, rarely divulging personal details about himself and preferring not to be photographed or filmed during interviews. In an interview with Stereogum he explained the mystery surrounding him as a by-product of intense stage fright and an initial desire to keep the project as faceless as possible for as long as possible.

paragraph: In 2012 Holy Other released his debut album, "Held", again, on Tri Angle Records. The album garnered very positive reviews and was featured on numerous Best Of lists that year. Ruth Saxelby, in her eight-out-of-ten review for Pitchfork stated "his music is of the wholly sensual, painfully physical kind, and with "Held" he triumphantly translates his bruised intimacy to full-length format without losing any of its skin-prickling power”. In a nine-out-of ten review Mixmag assessed that the album acted "as the perfect catalyst for moments of intense intimacy” and in another nine-out-of-ten review FACT Magazine concluded that “in both musical and studio accomplishment Holy Other has come into his own as a strong, individual, musical voice”. Around this time Holy Other was widely recognised as being one of the more important artists in the then fledgling Alternative R&B scene, although Holy Other himself has never stated any affiliation with the genre. In support of "Held" Holy Other performed at numerous music festivals around the world and also toured with artists including Beach House, Amon Tobin, and Lucky Dragons.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Studio albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Held" (2012)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:EPs/Singles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "We Over" (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "With U" (2011)

wikidata_label: Holy Other

wikipedia_title: Holy Other


href: Naqshbandi Sufism Ahmad%20Sirhindi Naqshbandi%20Tahiri%20Golden%20Chain Mouride Ramadan Muhammad

text:
Naqshbandi
Sufi
Shaykh Ahmad Sirhindi
Khwaja Ubaidullah Ahrar
murid
Ramadhan
Muhammad

categories: 1671 births,Indian Sufi saints,1771 deaths

paragraph: Makhdoom Shah Muhammad Munim Pak

paragraph: Naqshbandia Silsilah, a Sufi order, was spread in India by two Sufi saints and formed two chains or lineages. One chain is linked with Shaykh Ahmad Sirhindi who is also described as Mujaddid Alf Thaani (reviver of the second millennium); his chain is called Naqshbandia Mujaddidia. The other chain was associated with his contemporary Sufi saint Syedna Ameer Abul-Ula Ahrari. A resident of Agra, Ameer Abul-Ula was a descendant of the Sufi saint Khwaja Ubaidullah Ahrar. It is because of his name that this chain is known as Naqshbandia Abul-Ulaiya.

paragraph: Section::::Birth and family lineage.

paragraph: Makhdoom Shah Muhammad Munem Pak was born in 1082 Hijri (AD 1671) in the village of Pachna in the Shaikhpura district of Bihar, surrounded by mountainous regions. His family lineage meets up with Sufi saint Makhdoom Shamsuddin Haqqani whose shrine is located at Billouri in the district of Lakhisarai. Makhdoom Haqqani is a descendant of the Sufi Khwaja Ibrahim bin Adham Balkhi.

paragraph: Section::::Education and spiritual training.

paragraph: Having completed his primary education at his paternal village he went to Deewan Syed Abu Sayeed Jaafer Muhammad Quadri's khanqah at Barh district near Patna, for higher education and knowledge of Sufism. After his death Munim Pak received knowledge from his son Deewan Syed Khaleeluddin and became his "murid" (disciple) under Quadria Qutubia order and was rewarded with "Khilafah". After finishing his education he moved to Delhi with the instruction and permission of his "peer". or around forty years he taught the students of higher education at the Madrasa situated behind the Jama Masjid in Delhi.

paragraph: Section::::Abul Ulai lineage.

paragraph: Munem Pak went to Sufi saint Khwaja Shah Muhammad Farhad and dedicated himself fully to his service. Biographers say that he remained there in his service for eleven years, practising the spiritual teachings of Naqshbandia Abul-Ulaiya Silsilah. Shah Farhad’s peer, Syed Dost Muhammad Burhanpuri, was a mureed and khalifa of Syedna Ameer Abul-Ula.

paragraph: He was close to Bade Peer Syedna Shaykh Abdul Quadir Jeelani and Makhdoom-e-Jahan Shaykh Sharafuddin Ahmad Yahya Maneri.

paragraph: Section::::Nature and conduct.

paragraph: He often fasted, not just during in the month of Ramadhan when it is required. He never built a house, married, or settled down.

paragraph: Section::::Spiritual succession of Meer Syed Asadullah.

paragraph: After Shah Farhad died in 1145 Hijri, Munem Pak benefitted from his mureed (disciple), khalifah (caliph) and successor Meer Syed Asadullah and when Meer Syed Asadullah died in 1147 Hijri, Munim Pak was enthroned as inheritor of Shah Farhad.

paragraph: Section::::Migration from Delhi to Patna.

paragraph: After several years in Delhi, he received indication from the Islamic prophet Muhammad to migrate to Patna. In Patna, he initially stayed at Meer Taqi mosque near Meetanghat and then came to Mulla Meetan’s mosque, known as "Jama Masjid Mulla Meetan" and his khanqah got established here.

paragraph: He died on the eleventh day of Rajab in 1185 Hijri (AD 1771), at the age of about 103 and was buried next to Jama Masjid Mulla Meetan. A simple mausoleum was built there, which was later expanded and enhanced.

paragraph: Section::::Spiritual Life.

paragraph: After arriving in Patna he went to Bihar sharif and stayed there for three months meditating near the mausoleum of the Sufi saint Makhdoom-e-Jahan Shaykh Sharfuddin Ahmad Yahya Maneri.

paragraph: Section::::Followers.

paragraph: The total number of khanqahs (abbeys) associated with this Silsila, spread across India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Burma and Sri Lanka, would be around 150 and the number of devotees and people associated with them would come to crores.

paragraph: According to the contemporary Sufi literature, it was believed that he presented himself in the assembly of Muhammad. That is why he was also known as ""Haazir-e- Bargah-e- Laulak"" (present before Muhammad).

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: He wrote three books during his stay in Delhi, ""Mukashifat-e-Munemi"", ""Ilhamat-e-Munemi"" and ""Mushahidat-e-Munemi"" in 1119 Hijri, 1120 Hijri and 1123 Hijri respectively. The manuscripts of "Ilhamat-E-Munemi" and "Mukashifat-E-Munemi" are available at Khudabakhsh Library, Patna and other libraries of the subcontinent. The manuscripts of "Mushahidat-E-Munemi" are not so widely available.

paragraph: Section::::Nature of his Khanqah.

paragraph: Everybody was welcomed at his khanqah, be he Sufi or Yogi (hermit), Hindu or Muslim. He treated his "mureeds" (disciples) affectionately. A Hindu Yogi who was a follower of Guru Nanak and whose name was Gurbakhsh came to him and made a request. He explained that he was a devotee of Krishna and that he had been earnestly willing for a long time to catch a glimpse of him. He also mentioned that he had traveled all over the country, met a lot of reputed Yogis but nobody could help him make his dream come true. He urged that he had heard many a thing about him and came to him with lot of hope. Munim Pak and the yogi meditated; after a while the yogi got up and started dancing until he fainted and fell down. He said that when he meditated he felt as if he had reached Vrindavan and there he saw Krishna with his eyes. He said that Krishna was playing the flute which produced the sound "Laa Ilaha Illallah Muhammadur Rasoolullah", Gopis were dancing and the environment was full of frolic. He affirmed that seeing all this he also got enraptured and started dancing. Thereafter, he became a disciple of Munim Pak and attained accomplishment.

paragraph: Section::::Prominent Khalifas.

paragraph: During his stay at Delhi and Patna, many people became his Mureed (disciples), some of them attained accomplishment and became his Khalifa (caliphs). Notable disciples (mureeds) of Makhdoom Munim Pak are Quazi Maulana Hassan Raza Khan Raipuri, the Ustaad-e-Shahr of Patna Mulla Shoaibul Haque Musafir, the renowned teacher of calligraphy Shah Izzuddin, Khairuddin Kashmiri and Shah Quamar Ali, the younger brother of Shah Kamal Dewarvi.

paragraph: Makhdoom Munim Pak died in the evening at the time of Isha after the day of 11 Rajab in 1185 Hijri. His abbey (khanqah) is at Meetanghat, Patna City and his grave is situated in the premises of Mulla Meetan's mosque. As per his will, Maulana Hassan Raza Raipuri became his first Sajjada Nasheen.

paragraph: With the permission of Aala Hazrat Syed Shah Quamruddin Hussain Munemi, his tomb (Maqbara) was constructed for the first time by Sufi Shah Dilawar Ali Lahori in 1249 Hijri. In 1285 Hijri, during the period of Syed Shah Muneeruddin Husain Munemi Sajjada Nasheen his Tomb was renovated by Shah Aleemuddin Raipuri. Syed Shah Salimuddin Ahmad Munemi also got the tomb renovated when he served as the Sajjada Nasheen. The magnificent dome of his tomb got ready in 2010. Devotees belonging to all religions and faith can be seen paying their tributes here everyday. Next to his Dargah at Khanquah Munemia, there stands the grand historical mosque called ‘Jama Masjid Mulla Meetan’. It is very large and the only double storeyed mosque of the Mughal period in Bihar. Mulla Meetan was an eminent scholar (Aalim) and renowned Sufi of the Aurangzeb Era.

paragraph: Mulla Meetan's Masjid is a unique example of the architectural expertise of that era. This is the place which enjoys the privilege of being Munim Pak's place of worship. Makhdoom Pak used to teach his caliphs the lessons of meditation and penance here.

paragraph: Next to his grave (dargah shareef), towards the north, there is a beautiful and grandiose building of Khanquah Munemia. This is also an exquisite example of architecture. In the middle of the khanqah, there is a large central hall surrounded by verandahs and rooms in such a fashion that one can move around the central hall while going into these rooms. Earlier its building was small and ordinary. The present building was constructed in place of the old one by the 7th Sajjada Nasheen Syed Shah Azizuddin Hussain Munemi.

paragraph: Section::::Sacred Relics.

paragraph: The following relics (tabarrukat) are displayed on several occasions:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. The hair (Moo-e-Mubarak) of Muhammad

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Footprint of Muhammad

paragraph: BULLET::::3. The cap of Imam Ali Musa Raza

paragraph: BULLET::::4. The robe (Khirqa) of Ghaus-ul- Aazam, Shaikh Abdul Quadir

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Girdle (kamarband) of Ghaus-ul- Aazam,Shaikh Abdul Quadir, with billori ghundi

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Leather shoe of Ghaus-ul- Aazam, Shaikh Abdul Quadir

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Robe (khirqa) of Syed Shah Abdul Mannan Quadri

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Cap (topi) of Syed Shah Abdul Mannan Quadri

paragraph: BULLET::::9. The cap of Makhdoom Munim Pak

paragraph: BULLET::::10. Pushakhara of Makhdoom Munim Pak

paragraph: BULLET::::11. Cap of Syed Shah Ghulam Hussain Danapuri

paragraph: BULLET::::12. Cap of Syed Shah Shamsuddin Hussain Danapuri

paragraph: BULLET::::13. Robe (khirqa) of Syed Shah Quamruddin Hussain

paragraph: BULLET::::14. Cap of Syed Shah Quamruddin Hussain

paragraph: BULLET::::15. Tasbeeh of Syed Shah Quamruddin Hussain

paragraph: BULLET::::16. Clog (khadau) of Syed Shah Quamruddin Hussain Munemi

paragraph: BULLET::::17. Shawl of Hakim Shah Farhatullah Karim Chaki

paragraph: BULLET::::18. Cap of Khwaja Syed Shah Abul Barkat

paragraph: BULLET::::19. Robe (khirqa) of Diwan Syed Abu Sayeed Jafar Muhammad

paragraph: BULLET::::20. Tasbeeh of Diwan Syed Abu Sayeed Jafar Muhammad

paragraph: BULLET::::21. Cap of Diwan syed Khaliluddin

paragraph: BULLET::::22. Robe (Khiqa) of Syed Shah Mubarak Hussain Munemi

paragraph: BULLET::::23. Cap of Syed Shah Mubarak Hussain

paragraph: BULLET::::24. Tasbeeh of Syed Shah Azizuddin Hussain Munemi

paragraph: BULLET::::25. Tasbeeh of Syed Shah Raziuddin Hussain Munemi

paragraph: Serial numbers 4 to 6, the relics of Ghaus-ul-Aazam (robe, girdle, shoe) are associated with maternal ancestors of Syed Shah Quamruddin Hussain Munemi. His maternal grandfather Syed Shah Abdul Mannan Quadri had brought these relics from Delhi to Patna.

paragraph: In 1240 Hijri when the khanqah of Mughalpura, Patna City, collapsed, the caretaker of the relics moved them from Mughalpura to Danapur.

paragraph: Section::::URS.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. 12th Rabi-ul-Awwal : Urs-e-Mubarak of Sarkar-e- Do Aalam Muhammad

paragraph: BULLET::::2. 10-11 Rabi-us-Sani : Urs and Display of relics (ziyarat of tabarrukat) of Ghaus-ul-Aazam,organized at Shah Toli, Danapur

paragraph: BULLET::::3. 6th Rajab: Urs of Khwaja Gharib Nawaz

paragraph: BULLET::::4. 8th Safar : Urs of Syedena Shah Amir Abul Ula Ahrari

paragraph: BULLET::::5. 11-12 Rajab: Urs of Makhdoom Shah Muhammad Munim Pak

paragraph: BULLET::::6. 19-20 Shaban: Urs of Syed Shah Quamruddin Hussain Munemi

paragraph: BULLET::::7. 12th Zilhijja: Urs of Syed Shah Mubarak Hussain Danapuri and Syed Shah Moniruddin Hussain Munemi

paragraph: BULLET::::8. 3rd. Ramadhan: Urs of Syed Shah Azizuddin Hussain Munemi

paragraph: BULLET::::9. 17th Jamadi-us-Sani: Urs of Syed Shah Raziuddin Hussain Munemi

paragraph: BULLET::::10. 27th Rabi-ul-Awwal: Urs of Syed Shah Salimuddin Ahmad Munemi.

paragraph: BULLET::::11. 19-20 Shaban : Ismail Shah Warsi Munemi,Kanti Kothiyan MuZaffarpur 843109

paragraph: BULLET::::12. 13 Jilhijja Noor Mohammad Shah Ismaili Warsi Munemi,Kanti Kothiyan MuZaffarpur 843109

wikidata_label: Hazrat Makhdoom Shah Muhammad Munim Pak

wikipedia_title: Makhdoom Shah Muhammad Munim Pak


text: Argentinian

text: architect

text: Buenos Aires

text: Bajo Flores

text: Pope Francis

text: University of Buenos Aires

text: Antonio Bonet

text: Juan Kurchan

text: urbanist movement

text: Núñez barrio

text: Le Corbusier

text: Buenos Aires

text: aerial photographs

text: Bajo Flores

text: Riachuelo River

text: Villa Soldati

text: Villa Lugano

text: Horacio Nazar

text: Odilia Suárez

text: Mar del Plata

text: Entre Ríos Province

text: National University of La Plata

categories: University of Buenos Aires alumni,1913 births,20th-century Argentine architects,1991 deaths,Argentine women architects

paragraph: Itala Fulvia Villa

paragraph: Itala Fulvia Villa (1913-1991) was an Argentinian architect whose main forte was city planning. She was an integral part of creating and designing the urban model for the city of Buenos Aires. As part of urbanization process, she designed and built a plan for the neighborhood known as Bajo Flores, where Pope Francis grew up, for which she received first prize in the 6th National Exhibition of Architecture Fair in 1945. In 1979, she was a representative of the Argentina Federation of University Women.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Itala Fulvia Villa was born in 1913. She obtained her degree from the School of Architecture of the University of Buenos Aires in 1935. In 1938, she was involved with the founding of the "" in association with Antonio Bonet, , Juan Kurchan, , , , , , , and . This group of architects were particularly noted for bringing the modernist movement to Argentina. They were the first group to recognize that the urbanist movement must holistically look at the needs of the city and its culture, rather than randomly building individual structures. They advocated for green space, parks and streets to be designed for meeting the needs of growth and attempted to bring scientific analysis into city planning. While they viewed cultural development as a key component of architectural identity, they did not believe in preserving historic structures for the sake of history but rather whether analysis proved a structure had adaptability to future societal growth and function.

paragraph: In 1939 she collaborated in the building activity on Arcos street in the Núñez barrio with Violet Lorraine Pushkin. They built a four-plex rental unit, which is a two–storied apartment designed to modern standards of brick and stone with frescoes on the lower level. That same year, Villa sent photographs and diagrams to Jorge Ferrari Hardoy who was in Paris meeting with Le Corbusier creating the first urban plan for Buenos Aires. Her contributions were acknowledged in a supplement of "Nuestra Arquitectura" published in 1939. The pictures, which were aerial photographs, created a 9-foot x 9-foot photomontage of the entire boundaries of Buenos Aires.

paragraph: In 1945 in the Bajo Flores barrio, Villa led a team which included Horacio E. Nazar and took into consideration the unique aspects of the area. Located between the Riachuelo River and the Cildáñez Stream, the district was prone to flooding and the first step was to have the Ministry of Public Works dam the waterways, creating three lakes. Implementing Villa's model neighborhood, called for filling the lowlands with dirt from the excavations of Villa Soldati and Villa Lugano to elevate areas which could be used for additional streets and footpaths. Creation of four new highways and elimination of some 20 railway-crossings to address traffic flow issues were integral to the design. Zoning for residential and industrial areas was implemented, creating an industrial-belt along both banks of the river and housing in close proximity. The development plan proposed accommodations for 38,450 people, an Olympic stadium and recreational centres. The housing scheme was projected to provide low-cost housing for workers and offered both easy proximity to work and modern plumbing services. The design won the First Prize at the 6th National Exhibition of Architecture.

paragraph: Villa's most significant architectural legacy was a regional plan known as the "División de Información Urbana General de Obras Públicas y Planeamiento Municipal", which she created in association with Horacio Nazar for the “evolution of the city.” This was to be a part of an integrated plan for Argentina for the future as it shifted from a rural nation to one of modern cities. The plan incorporated the key elements of urban planning such as roads, parks, avenues, built areas, etc. The plan was presented with illustrations of graphs, photographs, diagrams and operational sequence to establish a link between historical data and the "pro-positivists". This format of the city planning was also part of the document prepared between 1948 and 1949 titled "Estudio del Plan de Buenos Aires" in which Fulvia was involved.

paragraph: Villa worked with several leading architects, including Odilia Suárez, in 1959 to create the Regulatory Organization Plan of the City of Buenos Aires. In 1962, she served as an advisor to Baliero Horacio and Carmen Cordova on the design for the Park City Cemetery of Mar del Plata. She evaluated the development of Entre Ríos Province and in 1978, presented her study to the Secretariat of Urban Planning. In addition to her design work, villa was a chair holder at the architectural school and taught at the National University of La Plata throughout the 1950s.

description: Argentine architect

wikidata_label: Itala Fulvia Villa

wikipedia_title: Itala Fulvia Villa


text:
Paris
French Revolution
book dealer
printer
bibliographer
Paris
Guise
Gauze
Silk
Gauze
Silk
2nd arrondissement
revolution
Jacobin
Paris Commune General Council
Gauze
Silk
Jean-Michel Moreau
Alexandre-Joseph Desenne
Pierre-Paul Prud'hon
cockerell
anchor
Thermidore coup d'état
Robespierre
Paris Commune
1830 revolution
Bourbon monarchy
11th arrondissement of Paris
Legion of Honour
national asset
The Marquis of Beauchamps
Antoine-Augustin Renouard
data.bnf.fr

categories: 1765 births,French booksellers,Publishing companies of France,French bibliographers,Businesspeople from Paris

paragraph: Antoine-Augustin Renouard

paragraph: Antoine-Augustin Renouard (21 September 1765 – 15 December 1853) was an industrialist and political activist in Paris at the time of the French Revolution who became a book dealer, printer and bibliographer.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Renouard was born in Paris in 1765. His father, Jacques-Augustin Renouard (1736-1806) was a merchant and manufacturer, originally from Guise, who specialised in Gauze and Silk from premises in the centre of Paris. In 1781 Antoine-Augustin followed his father into the Gauze and Silk businesses, father and son working together from premises in the "rue Sainte-Apolline", in what would later become the city's 2nd arrondissement.

paragraph: Antoine-Augustin Renouard was an active participant during the early years of the revolution, joining the Jacobins, and serving as a member of the Paris Commune General Council and, in 1793, a Civil Commissioner. He embarked in a career as a book dealer and publisher in 1792, while at the same time continuing to work in the Gauze and Silk businesses until approximately 1797. His early publications were of works in both Latin and the French vernacular, and were noteworthy for their elegance and precision. Many were enhanced with engravings by artists including Jean-Michel Moreau, Alexandre-Joseph Desenne and Pierre-Paul Prud'hon. For his publishing business Renouard used as a trademark the patriotic image of a cockerell above an anchor.

paragraph: His business career was interrupted by the Thermidore coup d'état in July 1794 which led to the execution of the revolutionary leader Robespierre before the end of he month and the imprisonment of most of the members of the Paris Commune, including Renouard. He had recently married and his was born while he was still in prison. He was released on 3 December 1794, after which he seems to have concentrated on his book business, to the exclusion of high-profile political activism, till 1830.

paragraph: After the 1830 revolution had put an end, for a second time, to the Bourbon monarchy in France, Renouard returned to front-line politics, becoming mayor of the 11th arrondissement of Paris. He was rewarded with the Legion of Honour in 1831.

paragraph: In 1834 he was able to acquire the , which had previously been a royal property, but was then declared a national asset and nationalised during the revolution, before being sold off to bolster state finances.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: As a publisher, Renouard's output included the following volumes:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Coup-d'oeil sur les monnoies, sur leur administration et sur le ministre des contributions publiques", Paris : Garnery : Desenne, 1793

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Catalogue de la bibliothèque d'un amateur", 1819

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Annales de l'imprimerie des Alde, ou Histoire des trois Manuce et de leurs éditions", Paris, 1803-1812; 2nd edition Paris, 1825

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Annales de l'imprimerie des Alde, ou l'histoire des trois Manuce et de leurs éditions"; 3rd} edition.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Annales de l'imprimerie des Estienne", 1837 & 1843.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Recueil de 123 fables en 5 livres, imitées d'Ésope. - Complété par l'"Appendix Perottina", contenant 30 ou 32 fables et le "Phaedrus solutus", contenant 30 autres fables"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sorte de journal, écrit en grec, divisé actuellement en 12 livres, méditations sur la vanité des choses terrestres", Pensées : Antoine-Augustin Renouard (1765-1853) as éditeur scientifique

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: In 1794 Renouard married Catherine de Saintes (1772-1858), the illegitimate daughter of The Marquis of Beauchamps and the Countess Ferdinanda Louise de Horion (at the time of Ferdiandna Louise's birth the widowed third wife of ). Renouard's five recorded children were:

paragraph: BULLET::::- (1794-1878), magistrate, moralist and politician

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eugénie Renouard (1795-1871)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jules Renouard (1794-1854), book dealer-editor

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paul Renouard (1803-1871), consul and painter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hippolyte Renouard (1808-1871), squadron leader

paragraph: Renouard's grandchildren included

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Antoine-Augustin Renouard on data.bnf.fr

description: French politician

wikidata_label: Antoine-Augustin Renouard

wikipedia_title: Antoine-Augustin Renouard


text:
Egyptian
pharaoh
13th dynasty
Second Intermediate Period
Kim Ryholt
Jürgen von Beckerath
Aswan
Nile Delta
Turin canon
Ramesside period
Bubastis
Édouard Naville
Egypt Exploration Society
British Museum
Tanis
Hor
coregent
Memphis
Hyksos
Avaris
Bubastis
Tanis
Ramses II
Pi-Ramesses
21st Dynasty
Petrie Museum
Uronarti
Mirgissa
Nubia
Nerikare
Sekhemrekhutawy Pantjeny
Wepwawetemsaf
Rahotep
17th Dynasty
Pantjeny
16th Dynasty
Abydos Dynasty
Wolfgang Helck
Stephen Quirke
Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep
Detlef Franke
Medamud
List of pharaohs

paragraph: Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw

paragraph: Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw was an Egyptian pharaoh of the early 13th dynasty during the Second Intermediate Period. According to the egyptologist Kim Ryholt, he was the sixteenth king of the dynasty, reigning for 3 years, from 1775 BC until 1772 BC. Thomas Schneider, on the other hand, places his reign from 1752 BC until 1746 BC. Alternatively, Jürgen von Beckerath sees him as the third king of the dynasty. As a ruler of the early 13th Dynasty, Khabaw would have ruled from Memphis to Aswan and possibly over the western Nile Delta.

paragraph: Section::::Attestations.

paragraph: Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw is not listed on the Turin canon nor on any other ancient king list. According to Ryholt, Khabaw's name was lost in a "wsf" (literally "missing") lacuna of the Turin canon reported in Column 7, line 17 of the document. The redactor of this king list, which was written in the early Ramesside period, wrote "wsf" when the older document from which he was copying the list had a lacuna.

paragraph: Khabaw is however well attested through archaeological finds. Fragments of a red granite architrave measuring by bearing his Horus name and prenomen were discovered during excavations at Bubastis in 1891 conducted by Édouard Naville for the Egypt Exploration Society. The architrave is now in the British Museum, under the catalog number BM EA 1100. Another architrave discovered in Tanis shows Khabaw's name together with that of pharaoh Hor of the 13th Dynasty. Darrell Baker and Ryholt suggest that this close association might mean that Khabaw was Hor's son and may have been his coregent.

paragraph: Ryholt and Baker believe that both architraves did not originate from the Delta region but from Memphis. The architraves could have come to their find spots after the fall of the 13th Dynasty, when the Hyksos moved a large number of monuments from Memphis to Avaris and other cities of the Nile Delta such as Bubastis and Tanis. Alternatively, the architraves may have stayed in Avaris until the reign of Ramses II, when this king built his capital at Pi-Ramesses using material from Avaris. Pi-Ramesses was subsequently dismantled during the 21st Dynasty and its monuments scattered in the Delta region.

paragraph: Finally, Khabaw is attested by a cylinder-seal now in the Petrie Museum (UC 11527), 4 seal impressions from Uronarti and one from Mirgissa, both places being Egyptian fortresses in Nubia.

paragraph: Section::::Identity.

paragraph: The nomen of Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw is unknown and his identity is therefore not completely established. Ryholt has proposed Khabaw's nomen could have been "Sobek", as this nomen is attested from artifacts which must belong to a king of the first half of the 13th Dynasty. Only two kings of this time period have their nomina unknown: Khabaw and Nerikare. "Sobek" may thus possibly be the nomen of Khabaw.

paragraph: On the other hand, Jürgen von Beckerath identified Khabaw's nomen as Pantjeny, thereby equating Khabaw with Sekhemrekhutawy Pantjeny, who is otherwise attested by a single stele. However, this hypothesis has been invalidated in a recent study of stele by Marcel Marée. Marée has shown that the stele was produced by the same workshop (and possibly the same person) who produced the stelae of Wepwawetemsaf and Rahotep. The latter is firmly dated to the early 17th Dynasty c. 1580 BC and thus Pantjeny must have ruled c. 1600 BC, possibly at the end of the 16th Dynasty. Alternatively, Pantjeny could be a member of the Abydos Dynasty, which ruled over central Egypt from c. 1650 BC until 1600 BC.

paragraph: Wolfgang Helck and Stephen Quirke have equated Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw with Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep, called Sobekhotep I or Sobekhotep II depending on the scholar. This hypothesis is considered incorrect by most Egyptologists including von Beckerath, Detlef Franke, Ryholt and Anthony Spalinger Von Beckerath and Franke point out that although both kings have the same throne name, their other names are completely different. Spalinger argues that the Nile records of Nubia associated to Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep cannot be attributed to Khabaw. Responding to these arguments, Stephen Quirke pointed out that the Horus and gold names of Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep are known from a single block from Medamud, the attribution of which is not entirely certain.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of pharaohs

wikidata_label: Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw

wikipedia_title: Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw


text: Peter von Biron

text: Duke of Courland and Semigallia

text: Dorothea von Medem

text: Prague

text: Hohlstein

text: Wilhelmine

text: Duchy of Sagan

text: Silesia

text: Náchod

text: Bohemia

categories: 1845 deaths,House of Biron,1782 births,House of Hohenzollern-Hechingen,People from Jelgava,Princesses of Hohenzollern-Hechingen

paragraph: Princess Pauline, Duchess of Sagan

paragraph: Luise "Pauline" Maria Biron, Princess of Courland, Duchess of Sagan (19 February 1782 – 8 January 1845) was a Princess of Courland by birth and through her marriage to Friedrich Hermann Otto, Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, Pauline was Princess consort of Hohenzollern-Hechingen. Pauline was the second-eldest child and daughter of Peter von Biron, the last Duke of Courland and Semigallia, and his third wife Dorothea von Medem.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and issue.

paragraph: Pauline married Friedrich Hermann Otto, Hereditary Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, son of Hermann, Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen and his second wife Princess Maximiliane of Gavre, on 26 February 1800 in Prague. Pauline and Friedrich had one son:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Constantine, Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen (16 February 1801 – 3 September 1869)

paragraph: Section::::Titles, styles, honours and arms.:Titles and styles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 19 February 1782 – 26 February 1800: "Her Serene Highness" Princess Pauline of Courland

paragraph: BULLET::::- 26 February 1800 – 2 November 1810: "Her Serene Highness" The Hereditary Princess of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, Princess of Courland

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2 November 1810 – 13 September 1838: "Her Serene Highness" The Princess of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, Princess of Courland

paragraph: BULLET::::- 13 September 1838 – 29 November 1838: "Her Serene Highness" The Dowager Princess of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, Princess of Courland

paragraph: BULLET::::- 29 November 1838 – 8 January 1845: "Her Serene Highness" The Duchess of Sagan, The Dowager Princess of Hohenzollern-Hechingen, Princess of Courland

paragraph: Upon her father's death, Pauline inherited the Prager Palais and the Lordships of Hohlstein and Nettkow. Upon her elder sister Wilhelmine's death, Pauline also inherited the Duchy of Sagan in Silesia and the Lordship of Náchod in Bohemia.

description: Princess of Courland

wikidata_label: Princess Pauline, Duchess of Sagan

wikipedia_title: Princess Pauline, Duchess of Sagan


text: Namur

text: Schloss Lindich

text: Hechingen

text: Hohenzollern-Hechingen

text: Napoleonic Wars

text: Russian campaign

text: Luise Pauline Maria Biron

text: Prague

text: Constantine, Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen

categories: Princes of Hohenzollern-Hechingen,People from Namur (city),House of Hohenzollern-Hechingen,1776 births,Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Crown (Württemberg),1838 deaths

paragraph: Friedrich Hermann Otto, Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen

paragraph: "Friedrich" Hermann Otto of Hohenzollern-Hechingen (born 22 July 1776 in Namur; died 13 September 1838 at Schloss Lindich in Hechingen) was the penultimate Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen. Friedrich was the only child of Hermann, Prince of Hohenzollern-Hechingen (1751–1810) and his wife Princess Maximiliane of Gavre (1753/55 - 1778). From 1806 to 1812, he fought on the French side in the Napoleonic Wars and was severely wounded in the 1812 Russian campaign.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and issue.

paragraph: Friedrich married Luise Pauline Maria Biron, Princess of Silesia-Sagan (1782–1845) in Prague on 26 April 1800. Friedrich and Luise had one child:

alias: Friedrich Hermann Otto von Hohenzollern-Hechingen

description: German prince


text: Villa Minozzo

text: Italy

text: Die

text: Italian

text: French

text: road bicycle racer

categories: Italian male cyclists,French Tour de France stage winners,Sportspeople from Emilia-Romagna,French Vuelta a España stage winners,2003 deaths,People from the Province of Reggio Emilia,French male cyclists,Tour de France cyclists,1919 births,Vuelta a España cyclists

paragraph: Adolphe Deledda

paragraph: Adolphe Deledda (Villa Minozzo (Italy), 26 September 1919 — Die, 9 October 2003) was an Italian/French professional road bicycle racer.

paragraph: Section::::Major results.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1943

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1945

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1947

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1949

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1951

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1952

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1955

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Tour de France results for Adolphe Deledda

description: Road bicycle racer

wikidata_label: Adolphe Deledda

wikipedia_title: Adolphe Deledda


text: philosopher

text: biologist

text: science history

text: epistemology

text: Brno

text: Charles University in Prague

text: microbiology

text: biology

text: chemistry

text: philosophy

text: Naples

text: genetics

text: Charles University

text: Nature

categories: 2016 deaths,People from Brno,1942 births,Czech philosophers

paragraph: Zdeněk Neubauer

paragraph: Zdeněk Neubauer (30 May 1942 – 5 July 2016) was a Czech philosopher and biologist, remarkable especially for original interpretations in science history and epistemology.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born in Brno to family of the Brno normative legal school representative Zdeněk Neubauer (sr.), Neubauer graduated from Charles University in Prague (1965 in microbiology, biology and chemistry, 1971 in philosophy). During his activity in "Laboratorio Internazionale di Genetica e Biofisica" in Naples (1967–1970) he made several discoveries in genetics. In 1982 left the university because of nonconformist attitudes (both scientific and political). After that, he was mainly a philosopher (a programmer analyst by job), publishing underground. Since 1990, he has been a member of the department of philosophy and history of science at Charles University Faculty of Science.

paragraph: Section::::Selected bibliography.

paragraph: Section::::Selected bibliography.:Books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Deus et Natura", 1979/1980 and 1999.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Od Smyslu Vědeckého Poznání k vědě jako poznávání smyslu" (From Reason of Scientific Knowledge to Science as Cognition of Reason), 1979.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Střetnutí paradigmat v současné biologii" (Clash of Paradigms in Contemporary Biology), 1985.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nový Areopág" (The New Areopagus), 1992.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Přímluvce postmoderny" (An Intercessor of Postmodernity), 1994.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Smysl a svět" (Sense and Universe), 2001.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "O svatém Františku aneb zrození ducha novověku" (On Saint Francis or the Birth of the Spirit of Modern Age), 2006.

paragraph: Section::::Selected bibliography.:Articles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A brief consideration on the meaning of the lysogenic conversion", 1967, in "Nature".

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A model concerning the early functions in lambda bacteriophage", 1968.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Physics and Human Thought", 1995, in Zwilling (ed.): "Natural Sciences and Human Thought". Berlin-Heidelberg.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Information on website of the Faculty of Sciences of Charles University

description: Czech biologist and philosopher

wikidata_label: Zdeněk Neubauer

wikipedia_title: Zdeněk Neubauer


text:
Royal Court
Enfield
Skibbereen
Cork
Tottenham
St. Paul's School
Winchmore Comprehensive
Kate Harwood
Riverside Studios
Lindsay Posner
Royal Court
National Theatre Studio
Peter Gill
Leicester Haymarket
David Gothard
Bush Theatre
Ramin Gray
Liverpool Everyman
Stephen Daldry
Battersea Arts Centre
Gate Theatre
David Farr
Oberon Books
Paris
Claude Regy
Theatre de l'Odeon
Cat and Mouse (Sheep)
Comedie Francaise
Cat And Mouse (Sheep)
Gate Theatre
David Farr
Michael Billington
Jarry
Ionesco
Marxist
Ian Rickson
Jane Asher
Michael Feast
Strindberg
Mark Ravenhill
multi-storey car park
Royal Court
National Theatre
Arnold Wesker
John Arden
Howard Barker
Dominic Dromgoole
Tony Benn
Dennis Skinner
Nefertiti
Akhenaten
Tristan and Yseult
Sveriges Dramatikerförbund
Intima Teater
Stockholm
public school
Oberon Books
minimum wage
capital
investment banking
balance of payments
grammar schools
elite
European Union
working class
House of Commons Library
Cat and Mouse (Sheep)
Théâtre de Gennevilliers
The Father
August Strindberg
Miss Julie
August Strindberg
August Strindberg
Creditors
August Strindberg
Hern

categories: Translators from Swedish,English male dramatists and playwrights,Date of birth missing (living people),People educated at Winchmore School,English translators,1961 births,Translators from German,English dramatists and playwrights,Translators to English,Living people,Translators from Norwegian,English satirists

paragraph: Gregory Motton

paragraph: Gregory Motton (born September 1961) is a British playwright and author. Best known for the originality of his formally demanding, largely a-political theatre plays at the Royal Court in the 1980s and 1990s, state of the nation satires in the 1990s, and later for his polemics about working class politics, "A Working Class Alternative To Labour" and "Helping Themselves – The Left Wing Middle Classes In Theatre And The Arts".

paragraph: He speaks fluent Swedish and is one of the chief translators of Strindberg's plays, known for his strict advocacy of translations rather than versions.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Gregory Motton was born in September 1961 in Wood Green in the London borough of Enfield the second child of Bernadette (née Clancy) from Skibbereen in West Cork, Eire, a bar-maid, and David Motton, of Tottenham, London, a writer of children's comics. He attended St. Angela's Convent, St. Paul's School, and Winchmore Comprehensive.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: Gregory Motton's first two plays went on in quick succession: "Chicken" (directed by Kate Harwood) at the Riverside Studios in April 1987, and then "Ambulance" (directed by Lindsay Posner) at the Royal Court in September 1987. His unconventional writing style soon dispersed the initial keen interest it had first awakened in managements and critics. His third play, "Downfall", again directed by Lindsay Posner at the Royal Court in July 1988, contained 56 very brief scenes, 26 characters and a fragmented illogical structure. It brought fierce condemnation from the critics, an empty theatre, and an end of the Royal Court's interest in Motton for several years.

paragraph: His fourth play, "Looking at You (revived) Again" commissioned originally by the National Theatre Studio, continued with the lyrical aspects of the previous plays but with a more economical technique . It followed a simple story but had a more or less non-naturalistic lyrical form. Rejected by Peter Gill, the then artistic director of the National Theatre Studio, it did not receive a rehearsed reading. It was produced by Simon Usher at the Leicester Haymarket in June 1989, during the period of David Gothard's co-artistic directorship. The play was transferred to the Bush Theatre by Jenny Killick, was unanimously disliked by the critics, and the theatre was empty once again.

paragraph: Consequently, it was not until a further three years later that two of Motton's plays were produced, almost simultaneously: "A Message for the Broken Hearted", directed by Ramin Gray, March 1993, at the Liverpool Everyman; and "The Terrible Voice of Satan", directed by James MacDonald, July 1993, at the Royal Court, now being run by Stephen Daldry. (Motton and Gray formed the Ducks and Geese Theatre Company to bring the former play to London, at the Battersea Arts Centre. They subsequently worked together directing a number of Motton's plays in France.)

paragraph: Both plays met with almost universal disapproval by the critics, and Motton's brief career in Britain was effectively over. Excepting "A Little Election Satire" for one week at the Gate Theatre in 1997 under David Farr, it was to be another twelve years before one of his plays was produced there. His plays remained out of print in English until 1997 when James Hogan of Oberon Books began the re-publication of all his plays in several volumes.

paragraph: Section::::France.

paragraph: During that period his plays were premiered in Paris. Notable productions were by the director Claude Regy ("Downfall" 1992 and "Terrible Voice of Satan" Oct 1994), and also by the director Éric Vigner ("Looking at You (revived) Again" - "Reviens à toi (encore)" 1994) at the Theatre de l'Odeon*, while the play was rejected by the NT Studio for a reading. (Also premiered in that theatre was "Loue Sois le Progress 1998").

paragraph: During this period Motton wrote the "Gengis" series of satirical political plays ("Cat and Mouse (Sheep)," premiered at the Theatre de L'Odeon,"Gengis Amongst the Pygmies", premiered at the Comedie Francaise, "A Holiday in the Sun", premiered on Radio France Culture, and "The Rape Of Europe"). The first of these, "Cat And Mouse (Sheep)", was directed by Ramin Gray and Gregory Motton in English, and this production was seen briefly in Britain at the Gate Theatre under David Farr, a few months later. All four plays of that series have been the subject of public readings at the Royal Court, but never produced there.

paragraph: British critic Michael Billington noted Motton's presence abroad, which he interpreted in the following manner: "Ignored in his native Britain, Gregory Motton is widely performed in France and, watching the premiere (at the Comedie Francaise) of his latest piece, it is not difficult to see why. Motton studiously rejects naturalism and instead offers a comic-strip satire on capitalist consumerism in the style of Jarry, Ionesco or Vian. He is like an absurdist with Marxist tendencies".(Guardian 2004)

paragraph: Section::::Recent work.

paragraph: Motton's relationship with the Royal Court began again in 2005, during Ian Rickson's tenure. Rickson was not a natural enthusiast for Motton's work and was reluctant to produce any of his characteristically unconventional plays to which there had always been significant opposition. He decided against producing "A Holiday in the Sun". which he had commissioned and which was the subject of a reading. He was finally persuaded to produce "The World's Biggest Diamond" in 2005 which is a largely conventional drama about a lifelong love affair. This starred Jane Asher and Michael Feast and, perhaps surprisingly, earned the Royal Court the only 5 star review it had so far received during Rickson's term there.

paragraph: Ironically perhaps, Alex Sierz took this as a sign of a change in Motton's writing "The World's Biggest Diamond by Gregory Motton (Royal Court) Is Motton our English Strindberg? This account of two lovers who meet for a weekend after 30 years seethes with Scandinavian gloom. But whatever happened to Motton's distinctively weird personal vision?" (Alex Sierz)

paragraph: Motton's plays have been produced only once in the past 17 years in Britain and never, in Britain, in a theatre with more than 90 seats. It is perhaps for this reason that he is considered by some commentators to have been rejected, along with some other writers, by the theatre establishment; Playwright Mark Ravenhill, wrote:

paragraph: "The English theatre has for some 50 years told itself that it is a writers' theatre. It's odd, then, that the English theatre should have produced a substantial list of playwrights who have become alienated from our theatres, often at the peak of their power.In my imagination there's a strange hinterland, an empty multi-storey car park standing at a point equidistant from both the Royal Court and the National Theatres, where the shades of once-celebrated playwrights such as Arnold Wesker, John Arden, Howard Barker and Gregory Motton wander up and down".

paragraph: To others Motton is a natural dissident because of the form and the content of his writing. Dominic Dromgoole ("not a fan of Motton's work") calls him the Tony Benn or Dennis Skinner of playwriting.

paragraph: Most recently, Gregory Motton has begun writing musicals. He wrote the music, lyrics and books of three in less than three years, having composed more than 60 songs. They are; "Nefertiti and Akhenaten", "The Mystery Of Hill Street" and "Dracula". He wrote a fourth "Tristan and Yseult" in 2014.

paragraph: In 2014 he released a double CD album, called "Damnation and Praise" (Exile Music), containing a selection of 27 songs from 4 of his musicals.

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: In 2012, Strindberg's centenary year in Sweden, Motton was awarded the Swedish Writers Guild (Sveriges Dramatikerförbund) Göran O Eriksson Award for his translations of Strindberg. This award was presented on the stage of Strindberg's Intima Teater, in Stockholm. The jury's motivation for the award was "Gregory Motton is a very many-sided translator whose work is valued by a great number of authors. His translations of dramatic works of widely differing genres and styles, display a faithfulness which points to the kind of sensitivity, integrity and precision, that comes of great professional skill."

paragraph: Section::::Theatre and politics.

paragraph: In various articles and interviews Motton has voiced some criticisms of British theatre, "("The Stage of Hollow Moralising")" Guardian 16 April 1992, reprinted Theatre Forum Fall 1992, The Stage 1 April 1993, Whats On 5 May 1993, and most notably in the mid-1990s when he wrote an article about the high administrative staffing levels and low plays output of Britains regional theatres. Patrick Marmion wrote; "He stands aside from the mainstream orthodoxy of issue based writing...Now theatres are looking at his plays but remain edgy about what he may say in them." Motton's comments about British theatre may have alienated theatres against him.

paragraph: More recently he wrote a book, (" Helping Themselves- the Left Wing Middle Classes in Theatre and the Arts "), criticising the influence of the middle class left in both the arts and politics, and their effect on working class representation in politics. It includes an examination of the working class identity of the Royal Court in the 1969s and 70s, with specific reference to the public school origins of many of their best known writers

paragraph: This book was commissioned by Oberon Books, but was rejected by them for publication. It is published by Levellers Press. It was accepted for sale in the Royal Court bookshop by the Royal Court Artistic Director Dominic Cooke, despite its robust criticisms of that theatre.

paragraph: In December 2013 Motton published "A Working Class Alternative to Labour" a book outlining a collection of policies designed to remove poverty, by the means of a high statutory minimum wage and a return to manufacturing. The central idea of the book is to shift money and economic activity from the top end of the economy to the lower end, and proposes a challenge to the predominance of large capital and its influence in our society, most notably by ending Britain's reliance on profits from investment in foreign industries (through investment banking) for the balance of payments. He proposes a return to what is called 'traditional banking' where money from current accounts is invested in domestic industries. He advocates free and "untested" access to grammar schools for all who want it, as a means of countering the predominance of a public school educated elite in positions of power.

paragraph: There is a section describing the workings of the European Union, and a critique of its lack of democratic accountability. He points out that the government of the EU (the executive) is not elected, and that the European Union elections, are only of MEPS and are therefore largely cosmetic since the executive is not drawn from the MEPS and cannot be removed by elections.

paragraph: Motton portrays the EU as a largely capitalist organisation designed to drive down working class wages. He characterises the EU's appropriation of political power, by-passing democracy, as a "coup d'état" by the administrative classes of Europe. He gives evidence of a belief amongst EU leaders that political and economic decisions are best made without reference to democracy. This book is now in the House of Commons Library.

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.:Plays include.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chicken" (Penguin, Oberon) Riverside Studios 1987,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ambulance" (Penguin,/Oberon) Royal Court 1987,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Downfall" (Methuen, Oberon ) Royal Court 1988,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Looking at You (Revived) Again," (Flood Books, Oberon) Leicester Haymarket 1989,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Message for the Broken Hearted" 1993 (Flood Books, Oberon) Liverpool Playhouse,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Terrible Voice of Satan" (Flood Books, Oberon) Royal Court 1993,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cat and Mouse (Sheep)" (Flood Books, Oberon) Theatre de L'Odeon 1995,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Forest of Mirrors" (Methuen) National Theatre Studio,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "In Praise of Progress" (Oberon) Theatre de L'Odeon 1999,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Little Satire" (Oberon) Gate Theatre 1997,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "God's Island" (Oberon) Theatre de La Tempête 2001,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "You Need Some of This," Théâtre de Gennevilliers,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gengis Amongst the Pygmies" (Oberon) Comedie Francaise 2004,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Holiday In The Sun" (Oberon) Radio France Culture 2005,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The World's Biggest Diamond" (Oberon) Royal Court 2005,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Rape Of Europe" (Levellers Press 2011) Commissioned 2008, Calder Bookshop Theatre Jan 2013

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Petrol" (Levellers Press 2013) Gulbenkian Theatre March 2013

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.:Short plays.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Jug" 1990 BBC Radio,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lazy Bríen" 1991 BBC Radio,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Monologue" (Oberon) Musee Dauphioise 1998,

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Mother",

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pirates".

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.:Musicals.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Mystery Of Hill Street" (Script, words and music of 20 songs)2010

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nefertiti and Akhenaten" (Script, words and music of 16 songs)2011

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dracula" (Script, words and music of 27 songs, plus 5 instrumental pieces)2012

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.:Books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Helping Themselves - The Left Wing Middle Classes in Theatre and the Arts" (Levellers Press 2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Working Class Alternative To Labour" (Levellers Press 2013)

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.:Translations from Swedish.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Ghost Sonata" (Oberon)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Pelican" (Oberon),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Swanwhite" (Oberon),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Burned Site" (Oberon),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Storm" (Oberon),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Father" by August Strindberg (Oberon),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Miss Julie" by August Strindberg. (Oberon),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Comrades" by August Strindberg (Oberon),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Creditors" by August Strindberg (Oberon),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Great Highway" (Oberon),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Black Glove" (Oberon),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Dance of Death" (Oberon),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Easter" (Oberon)

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.:Translations from Norwegian.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Name" by Jon Fosse (Oberon),

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Someone Is Going to Come" by Jon Fosse(Oberon)

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.:Translations from German.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Woyzeck" (Nick Hern Books)

description: British playwright

wikidata_label: Gregory Motton

wikipedia_title: Gregory Motton


text: Maurice, 2nd Lord Berkeley

text: Jacob van Artevelde

text: Duke of Lancaster

text: Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March

text: Lionel, duke of Clarence

text: Richard II

text: Scotland

text: Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel

text: Brittany

text: High Sheriff of Westmorland

text: High Sheriff of Cumberland

text: Carlisle

text: William, Earl of Douglas

text: St. Margaret's Church

text: Berwick

text: Ralph, lord Greystock

text: Richard de Clifford

text: Bishop of London

categories: Lords Warden of the Marches,Barons in the Peerage of England,High Sheriffs of Westmorland,1389 deaths,1333 births,High Sheriffs of Cumberland

paragraph: Roger Clifford, 5th Baron Clifford

paragraph: Roger de Clifford, 5th Baron de Clifford, ninth Lord Clifford, fifth Baron of Westmoreland (10 July 1333 – 13 July 1389), was the son of Robert de Clifford, 3rd Baron de Clifford (d. 20 May 1344), second son of Robert de Clifford, 1st Baron de Clifford (1273–1314), the founder of the northern branch of the family. His mother was Isabella (d. 25 July 1362), daughter of Maurice, 2nd Lord Berkeley. He succeeded his elder brother, Robert de Clifford, 4th Baron de Clifford in 1350, on which day he made proof of his age.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Military career.

paragraph: Clifford entered on his military career when hardly more than twelve, being armed at the time of Jacob van Artevelde's death on 17 July 1345.

paragraph: In August 1350 he was engaged in the seafight with the Spaniards near Winchelsea; and in 1355 he accompanied his father-in-law, Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick, on the expedition to Gascony. He again served in Gascony in 1359, 1360, and in the French expedition of the Duke of Lancaster in 1373.

paragraph: A document dated at Brougham of 10 July 1369 shows him engaging the services of Richard le Fleming and his company for a year. In the same way he retained Sir Roger de Mowbray; and was himself retained, with his company of nearly eighty men, by Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March, on 25 September 1379.

paragraph: On 15 March 1361 he was called upon to assist Lionel, duke of Clarence, in his great Irish expedition on pain of forfeiting his Irish estates. A similar summons to defend his lands in Ireland was issued on 28 July 1368.

paragraph: His chief services, however, were rendered on the Scottish borders. In July 1370 he was appointed one of the wardens of the west marches; but according to Sir H. Nicolas he is found defending the northern borders fourteen years earlier. Resigned the truce with Scotland on 24 August 1369, and was warden of both east and west marches on five occasions between 1380 and 1385.

paragraph: In August 1385 he accompanied Richard II's expedition against Scotland with sixty men-at-arms and forty archers. His last border sendee seems to have been in October 1388, when he was ordered to adopt measures of defence for the Scotch Marches. In May 1388 he accompanied Richard FitzAlan, 11th Earl of Arundel, in his naval expedition to Brittany.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Political Offices.

paragraph: He was hereditary High Sheriff of Westmorland from 1350? until his death in 1389. In 1377 he was made High Sheriff of Cumberland and governor of Carlisle, a city whose walls he appears to have inspected and found weak in the preceding year. To the last two offices he was reappointed on Richard II's accession.

paragraph: He was made a commissioner of array against the Scots (26 February 1372), and one of a body of commissioners to correct truce-breakers and decide border disputes 26 May 1373, having sat on a similar commission in September 1367.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Parliament.

paragraph: Clifford was summoned to all parliaments from 15 December 1356 to 28 July 1388. He was trier of petitions in many parliaments from November 1373 to September 1377. In August 1374 he was appointed one of the commissioners to settle the dispute between Henry de Percy and William, Earl of Douglas, relative to the possession of Jedworth Forest. In the parliament of November 1381 he was member of a committee to confer with the House of Commons. On 12 October 1386 he gave evidence in the great Scrope and Grosvenor case at St. Margaret's Church, Westminster.

paragraph: Section::::Death and Succession.

paragraph: Roger de Clifford died 13 July 1389, being then possessed of enormous estates, chiefly situated in Yorkshire, Northumberland, Cumberland, and Westmoreland, but spread over several other counties. He was succeeded by his son Thomas de Clifford, 6th Baron de Clifford.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and Issue.

paragraph: He married Maud (d. 1403), daughter of Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas de Clifford, 6th Baron de Clifford (d. 1391 ?)

paragraph: BULLET::::- William Clifford, the Governor of Berwick (d. 1419)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Margaret, married Sir John Melton, knight

paragraph: BULLET::::- Katherine, married Ralph, lord Greystock

paragraph: BULLET::::- Philippa, married William Ferrers, 5th Baron Ferrers of Groby (Lewis, Ancestral Roots, 8th ed. (2006), line 11, no. 34)

paragraph: Dugdale gives him a third son, the Lollard, Sir Lewis Clifford (d. 1404), whom, however, Sir H. Nicolas shows to have been probably his brother, but certainly not his son

paragraph: Magna Carta Ancestry by Douglas Richardson lists three sons, including a Roger, no additional information.

paragraph: Section::::Genealogy.

paragraph: The genealogical table in Whitaker gives Clifford two brothers, John de Clifford and Thomas de Clifford, said to have been the ancestor of Richard de Clifford, Bishop of London, and three sisters.

description: High Sheriff of Westmorland

wikipedia_title: Roger Clifford, 5th Baron Clifford