text:
American football
wide receiver
return specialist
Denver Broncos
2008 NFL Draft
college football
Virginia Tech
San Diego Chargers
Chicago Bears
South Lakes High School
Paul VI Catholic High School
Westfield High School
Chantilly, Virginia
high school football
Washington Post
Virginia Tech
Sean Glennon
West Point
Penn State
Evan Royster
track & field
55-meter dash
long jump
Virginia Tech Hokies
Virginia Tech
Georgia Bulldogs
Peach Bowl
Atlantic Coast Conference
2007 ACC Championship Game
Jacksonville, Florida
Boston College
2008 Orange Bowl
sociology
drafted
2008 NFL Draft
Denver Broncos
Oakland Raiders
2008 NFL regular season
Jay Cutler
Diet Pepsi NFL Rookie of the Week
San Diego Chargers
Cleveland Browns
New York Jets
Anquan Boldin
NFL
National Football League
San Diego Chargers
San Diego Chargers
Mike McCoy
offensive coordinator
Kansas City Chiefs
cornerback
Brandon Flowers
Chicago Bears
Houston Texans
Detroit Lions
Chris Royal
Virginia Tech Corps of Cadets
United States Air Force
ESPN.com biography
Chicago Bears biography
San Diego Chargers biography
Virginia Tech Hokies biography

categories: Players of American football from Virginia,San Diego Chargers players,Sportspeople from Fairfax County, Virginia,American football wide receivers,1986 births,American football return specialists,Virginia Tech Hokies football players,Denver Broncos players,Sportspeople from Alexandria, Virginia,People from Reston, Virginia,Living people

paragraph: Eddie Royal

paragraph: William Edward "Eddie" Royal (born May 21, 1986) is a former American football wide receiver and return specialist . He was drafted by the Denver Broncos in the second round of the 2008 NFL Draft. He played college football at Virginia Tech. Royal has also played for the San Diego Chargers and Chicago Bears.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Royal first attended South Lakes High School and Paul VI Catholic High School before going to Westfield High School in Chantilly, Virginia, where he played for most of his high school football career. He received All-America honors from PrepStar and SuperPrep (who named Royal the top high school player in the state of Virginia). He also earned "Washington Post" All-Metropolitan player of the year, 1st team All-met, 1st team All-state, 1st team All-region, and 1st team All-district honors. While a senior at Westfield High School, Royal, along with future Virginia Tech teammate Sean Glennon and future West Point fullback Max Palmatier and future Penn State running back Evan Royster, led his team to an undefeated season record (14-0) en route to the Virginia Division 6 AAA State Championship.

paragraph: While at Westfield, Royal also competed in track & field. He posted bests of 6.48 seconds in the 55-meter dash and 6.52 meters (21-3.75) in the long jump.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Royal played for the Virginia Tech Hokies from 2004 to 2007.

paragraph: In 2004, Royal received freshman All-America honors from The NFL Draft Report after hauling in 28 passes for 470 yards (16.8 avg.) with three touchdowns in 12 games (11 starts) as a true freshman. He returned 25 punts for 274 yards (11.0 avg.) and gained 346 yards on 12 kickoff returns (28.8 avg.) and totaled 1,101 all-purpose yards.

paragraph: Royal started all 13 games as a sophomore in 2005, finishing third on Virginia Tech with 27 receptions for 315 yards (11.7 avg.) with two scores while adding 10 rushes for 79 yards with one touchdown.

paragraph: He returned 32 punts for 263 yards (8.2 avg.) and 14 kickoffs for 293 yards (20.9 avg.) to account for 950 all-purpose yards.

paragraph: Royal played 13 games (9 starts) during his junior year in 2006 and picked up second-team All-Atlantic Coast Conference honors while being named an honorable mention All-American by Sports Illustrated.

paragraph: Royal caught 31 passes for 497 yards (16.0 avg.) with three touchdowns, he led the ACC and ranked 12th in the nation with a 13.2-yard punt return average (23-304) with one touchdown. He added 431 yards on 19 kickoff returns (22.7 avg.) and five rushes for 24 yards. He threw a 53-yard touchdown on a trick play against Georgia Bulldogs in the Peach Bowl. Royal finished with 1,256 all-purpose yards (96.7 ypg.).

paragraph: He played 13 games with 11 starts in 2007, earning first-team All-Atlantic Coast Conference honors and second-team All-America accolades from The NFL Draft Report, he posted career highs in receptions (33-496) and receiving touchdowns (4).

paragraph: He led the ACC and ranked 10th in the nation with a 14.7-yard punt return average (31-455) and scored two touchdowns on punt returns. He added 14 kickoff returns for 316 yards (22.6 avg.) and eight rushes for 112 yards (14.0 avg.). Finishing with 1,379 all-purpose yards (106.1 ypg.), he finished first in career all-purpose yards in school history (4,686), fourth in career receptions (119), fifth in receiving touchdowns (12) and sixth in receiving yards (1,778). He was also the Atlantic Coast Conference's (ACC) all-time leader in punt return yards (1,296). Royal received second-team All-ACC honors in 2006 and first-team All-ACC honors in 2007.

paragraph: The Hokies won the Coastal division and secured a bid the 2007 ACC Championship Game in Jacksonville, Florida, there, they faced a rematch with Boston College, champions of the Atlantic Division. Matt Ryan was unable to seize the victory with two fourth-quarter interceptions, sealed the Hokie win and an automatic bid to the Orange Bowl game. Royal finished the game with 4 receptions, 63 yards, and 1 touchdown. He also played in the 2008 Orange Bowl. Royal majored in sociology.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Denver Broncos.

paragraph: Royal was drafted in the second round (42nd overall) of the 2008 NFL Draft by the Denver Broncos.

paragraph: Royal started and played in his first NFL regular season game on September 8, 2008 in a 41-14 road win over the Oakland Raiders. He caught nine balls for 146 yards and one touchdown in his debut. Royal's 146 receiving yards were the most by any wide receiver in the first week of the 2008 NFL regular season. His nine receptions were the most by a rookie making his debut for the Broncos. Royal's first career touchdown catch came in the first quarter of the game on a 26-yard pass from former Broncos quarterback Jay Cutler. Royal's opening week performance yielded voters on NFL.com to select him as the Diet Pepsi NFL Rookie of the Week out of five finalists.

paragraph: In Royal's second game of the season, he caught five passes for 37 yards and one touchdown, as part of a 39-38 Broncos home win over the San Diego Chargers. His touchdown catch came with 24 seconds left in the game on a 4th and 4 from San Diego's four-yard-line. The catch made the score 38-37 Chargers; however, the Broncos subsequently went for a two-point conversion, in which Royal caught a pass from Cutler, thus, giving the Broncos a one-point victory. In Week 10, a game in which the Broncos defeated the Cleveland Browns on the road in comeback fashion, 34-30, Royal caught six passes for 164 yards, including a 93-yard touchdown pass. The performance earned him the honor of Diet Pepsi NFL Rookie of the Week for the second time in his career.

paragraph: On November 30, 2008, in a 34-17 Broncos road victory over the New York Jets, Royal set a franchise record for most touchdowns (5) and receiving yards (757) for a rookie in one season after catching five passes for 84 yards and a touchdown.

paragraph: Royal's 91 receptions are second most in NFL history for a rookie, behind only Anquan Boldin who had 101 receptions in 2003. His 980 yards and five touchdowns are both Broncos rookie records. He was seventh in the league among wide receivers in receptions, and sixth in the NFL in total yards.

paragraph: Early in the 2009 season, Royal became the 4th fastest player in NFL history to reach 100 career receptions.

paragraph: On October 19, 2009, Royal became the first player in Broncos history, and only the 11th player to date in National Football League history, to return a kickoff (93 yards) and a punt (71 yards) for touchdowns in the same game, leading undefeated Denver to a 34-23 win over the San Diego Chargers.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:San Diego Chargers.

paragraph: On March 15, 2012, Royal signed a three-year contract with the San Diego Chargers worth $13.5 million, $6 million of which is guaranteed. He contributed as a slot receiver while handling the team’s punt return responsibilities. But a series of setbacks hampered the beginning of his career in San Diego. Royal suffered a groin injury during the first day of training camp and shortly thereafter, his mom fell ill and he found himself making several trips home to Virginia to be by her side. Despite the slow start in San Diego, Royal finished the year strong and his best games were during the end of the season.

paragraph: In 2013, Royal reunited with new Chargers head coach Mike McCoy, his old offensive coordinator in Denver. Through the first eight games, Royal was among the league leaders in touchdowns with seven. He finished the 2013 season with 631 yards and a career-high in touchdowns with 8.

paragraph: In 2014, Royal played one of the biggest roles in bringing former Virginia Tech teammate and Kansas City Chiefs cornerback Brandon Flowers to the Chargers. Royal, along with his teammates, sold Flowers on the city and fans. They emphasized how they were trying to build something great and how he would be another piece to the puzzle.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Chicago Bears.

paragraph: On March 11, 2015, Royal signed a three-year, $15 million deal with $10 million guaranteed with the Chicago Bears. In 2015, Royal had just 37 catches for 238 yards and one touchdown in his first season in Chicago after being limited to nine games due to injuries.

paragraph: On September 11, 2016, Royal caught his first touchdown of the season in the season-opening loss to the Houston Texans. On October 2, Royal caught 7 passes for 111 yards and a touchdown against the Detroit Lions, his first 100+ yard game since 2014. As well as catching a touchdown pass, Royal also caught a single pass for a 64-yard gain. He suffered a foot injury in mid-October that limited him throughout the season before being placed on injured reserve on December 19. In 2016, he appeared in nine games and caught 33 passes for 369 yards with two touchdowns. He had foot surgery in late December 2016.

paragraph: On May 11, 2017, Royal was released by the Bears.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Receiving

paragraph: BULLET::::- Returning

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rushing

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Career statistics.:Franchise records.

paragraph: 's NFL off-season, Eddie Royal held at least 7 Broncos franchise records, including:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Receptions: rookie season (91 in 2008), rookie game (11 on 2008-12-28 @SDG )

paragraph: BULLET::::- Receiving Yds: rookie season (980 in 2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rec Yds/Game: rookie season (65.3 in 2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kick Return Touchdowns: game (1 on 2009-10-19 @SDG; with 9 others)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Total Return Yards: game (235 on 2009-10-19 @SDG)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 100+ yard receiving games: rookie season (3)

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Royal's older brother, Chris Royal, played professional football as well. His sister, Maj. Christina Royal, is a graduate of the Virginia Tech Corps of Cadets where she served as regimental commander and now serves with the United States Air Force.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ESPN.com biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chicago Bears biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- San Diego Chargers biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Virginia Tech Hokies biography

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Eddie Royal

wikipedia_title: Eddie Royal


text: Apostolic Age

text: Illiturgis

text: Bailén

text: Andújar

text: Seven Apostolic Men

text: Peter

text: Paul

text: Hesychius

text: Ctesiphon

text: Torquatus

text: Indaletius

text: Secundius

text: Mozarabic

text: Sisebut

text: Moors

text: translated

text: Mao River

text: Lugo Province

text: O Incio

text: Samos

text: Corsica

text: Ajaccio

text: Jaén Cathedral

text: Our Lady of Cabeza

text: Virgin Mary

text: Saint Peter

text: Saint Luke

text: SAN EUFRASIO VARÓN APOSTÓLICO

text: CatholicSaints.Info

paragraph: Euphrasius of Illiturgis

paragraph: Saint Euphrasius of Illiturgis () is venerated as a Christian missionary of the 1st century, during the Apostolic Age. Euphrasius’ diocese was traditionally associated with Illiturgis (Iliturgi), located between Bailén and Andújar. He is said to have been martyred at Illiturgis.

paragraph: According to tradition, he is one of the group of Seven Apostolic Men ("siete varones apostólicos"), seven Christian clerics ordained in Rome by Saints Peter and Paul and sent to evangelize Spain. Besides Euphrasius, this group includes Sts. Hesychius, Ctesiphon, Torquatus, Indaletius, and Secundius ("Isicio, Cecilio, Tesifonte, Eufrasio, Hesiquio y Segundo").

paragraph: Section::::Veneration.

paragraph: The communal feast of the Seven Apostolic Men was celebrated in the Mozarabic Liturgy.

paragraph: In the 7th century, Sisebut built a church over the saint's sepulcher at Illiturgis, but during the invasion of Spain by the Moors in the 8th century, his relics were translated to the Valley of the Mao River in Galicia, in Lugo Province. He is buried in the church of Santa María do Mao, in the municipality of O Incio, near the monastery of San Xulián de Samos in Samos.

paragraph: Euphrasius is also patron of Corsica and of Ajaccio; “this seems to have been due to a secondary translation of his relics.”

paragraph: A relic of a kerchief found in a chapel behind the high altar of Jaén Cathedral is associated with a legend of St. Euphrasius. When Euphrasius was sent to Rome to free the Pope from Satan's temptations, it is said that he traveled to Rome in only half an hour due to the assistance of a captive goblin who helped the saint in return for some leftovers from the saint's supper. Euphrasius vanquished Satan, and was awarded with a kerchief.

paragraph: Euphrasius is also associated with the cult of Our Lady of Cabeza ("la Virgen de la Cabeza"). According to one legend, when Saint Euphrasius came to Spain, he brought with him an image of the Virgin Mary to which he showed devotion. According to the legend, this image was given to Euphrasius by Saint Peter, and is said to have been the portrait that Saint Luke painted of the Virgin Mary.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- SAN EUFRASIO VARÓN APOSTÓLICO "www.galiciadixital.com"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vida, Martyrio, Traslación Y Milagros De San Eufrasio, Obispo Y Patrón De Andújar

paragraph: BULLET::::- El viaje de San Eufrasio de Jaén a Roma, volando

paragraph: BULLET::::- CatholicSaints.Info

description: Spanish saint

wikidata_label: Euphrasius of Illiturgis

wikipedia_title: Euphrasius of Illiturgis


text: Queen Fabiola of Belgium

categories: 1995 deaths,Spanish nobility,Spanish male film actors,1925 births

paragraph: Jaime de Mora y Aragón

paragraph: Jaime de Mora y Aragón (19 July 1925 - 26 July 1995) was a Spanish aristocrat and actor. He appeared in more than thirty films from 1961 to 1995.

paragraph: Brother of Queen Fabiola of Belgium.

description: Spanish actor

wikidata_label: Jaime de Mora y Aragón

wikipedia_title: Jaime de Mora y Aragón


text:
Montenegrin cyrillic
Ceklin
Montenegrin
Ottoman
Žabljak Crnojevića
Sanjak of Scutari
company
Obilić medal
Prince Nikola I

categories: People from Cetinje,1861 deaths,1797 births,Montenegrin soldiers,People of the Principality of Montenegro

paragraph: Kenjo Janković

paragraph: Kenjo Stankov Janković (Montenegrin cyrillic: Кењо Станков Јанковић; 1797 in Ceklin – 12 May 1861 in Ceklin) was a Montenegrin warrior and military leader. Janković is most notable for leading a small band of Montenegrin rebels which captured the Ottoman-occupied town of Žabljak Crnojevića on two occasions, in 1835 and 1852.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Janković was born in 1797 in the village of Rvaši in Ceklin, to father Stanko and mother Bistra. He was a Montenegrin rebel and military leader of the Montenegrin Ceklin clan, which faced constant clashes with nearby Ottoman Sanjak of Scutari, first taking up arms at the age of 17, and continuing his guerilla activity until the end of his life. His most notable achievements were two successful invasions of the fortified town of Žabljak Crnojevića, which his company occupied in 1835 and 1852. For his achievements he was decorated with the Obilić medal, the highest military decoration in Montenegro at the time.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Janković was buried in his home village of Rvaši, where Prince Nikola I erected a monument to his memory in 1874. Monument to Janković and other rebels who liberated Žabljak Crnojevića on two occasions was erected in the town.

wikidata_label: Kenjo Janković

wikipedia_title: Kenjo Janković


text: Overseas Chinese

text: Southeast Asia

text: Jiangsu

text: China

text: Singapore

text: Johor

text: Nanyang Siang Pau

text: Nanyang University

text: Ngee Ann Polytechnic

text: Sejarah Melayu

text: South Seas Society

text: heart attack

text: Malaysian Chinese Association

text: National Library of Singapore

categories: Singaporean academics,Nanyang University,Historians of Southeast Asia,1905 births

paragraph: Hsu Yun Tsiao

paragraph: Hsu Yun Tsiao (; birth name ; 1905 – 17 November 1981) was a scholar of Overseas Chinese and Southeast Asian history.

paragraph: Hsu was born in 1905 in Jiangsu Province, China. He was raised by his maternal grandparents after the death of his parents. In 1931, he migrated to Singapore. He taught in Chinese schools in Johor and contributed to newspapers like the Nanyang Siang Pau. Between 1933 and 1938, he taught in Thailand, where he met his wife (née Liu). He taught at Nanyang University from 1957 to 1961. Between 1963 and 1971, he worked at the Southeast Asian Research Centre (新加坡东南亚硏究所), and was the editor of its "Journal of Southeast Asian Researches" (《东南亚硏究》), which published seven volumes between 1965 and 1971. He later taught at Ngee Ann College (today's Ngee Ann Polytechnic) between 1973 and 1976.

paragraph: In addition to his teaching and editorial work, Hsu was noted for translating Malay and Thai texts, such as the "Sejarah Melayu" (Malay Annals), into Chinese. He was a founding member of the South Seas Society in 1940, and was the first editor-in-chief of the society's "Journal".

paragraph: Hsu died of a heart attack at a nursing home in Singapore on 17 November 1981. He was survived by his wife, three daughters, and seven sons.

paragraph: Section::::Library.

paragraph: Before his death, Hsu offered to sell his collection of 30,000 books to the Malaysian Chinese Association for $150,000, as the books were reportedly declined by institutions in Singapore. He intended to use the money to fund a trip to China. To keep the collection in Singapore, a Singaporean businessman, Kho Bak Weng, formed a company to buy the books from Hsu and set up a private library. The library was eventually transferred to the Singapore Federation of Chinese Clan Associations, which donated it to the National Library of Singapore in 2014.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography by National University of Singapore Chinese Library

description: birth/death: 1905-1981  VIAF[108482879] LCAuth[n86079172]

wikidata_label: Yunqiao Xu

wikipedia_title: Hsu Yun Tsiao


text: House of Lorraine

text: Count of Harcourt

text: Alphonse Henri, Count of Harcourt

text: Dukes of Noailles

text: Marie Charlotte de La Tour d'Auvergne

text: Charles Juste de Beauvau

text: Louise Henriette Françoise de Lorraine

text: Emmanuel Théodose de La Tour d'Auvergne

text: "Marie Élisabeth" Sofie de Lorraine

text: Louis de Lorraine

categories: House of Lorraine,1679 births,House of Guise,17th-century French people,Counts of Harcourt,1739 deaths

paragraph: Joseph, Count of Harcourt

paragraph: Joseph de Lorraine (Anne Marie Joseph; 30 April 1679 – 29 April 1739) was a member of the House of Lorraine and Count of Harcourt. He was styled "prince de Guise" before becoming Count of Harcourt.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born to Alphonse Henri, Count of Harcourt and his wife Marie Françoise de Brancas, he was second of three children.

paragraph: He married on 2 July 1705 and the couple had four children, three of which survived infancy and two had further issue. He died in 1739 aged 59. His female line descendants are the Dukes of Noailles through his eldest grand child Marie Charlotte de La Tour d'Auvergne, "princesse de Beauvau", wife of Charles Juste de Beauvau.

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Louise Henriette Françoise de Lorraine (1707 – 31 March 1737) married Emmanuel Théodose de La Tour d'Auvergne and had issue;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Marie Élisabeth" Sofie de Lorraine (1710 – 2 August 1740) married Louis François Armand de Vignerot du Plessis and had issue;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Louis de Lorraine (17 December 1720 – 20 June 1747) never married; styled Prince of Harcourt but de facto Count of Harcourt

paragraph: BULLET::::- X de Lorraine (male) (January – May 1721) died unbaptised.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Georges Poull, "La maison ducale de Lorraine", 1991

description: French noble

wikidata_label: Joseph of Lorraine, Count of Harcourt

wikipedia_title: Joseph, Count of Harcourt


text: Arenas de San Pedro

text: Spain

text: Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha

text: Spain

text: Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha

text: Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha

text: Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha

text: Manzanares el Real

text: Loja

text: Cardinal Cisneros

text: Order of the Golden Fleece

text: Charles I of Spain

text: Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor

text: Revolt of the Comuneros

text: Bishop Acuña

text: Francis I of France

text: Battle of Pavia

text: Mateo Flecha

categories: 1531 deaths,1461 births,Knights of the Golden Fleece

paragraph: Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, 3rd Duke of the Infantado

paragraph: Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y Luna, 3rd Duke of the Infantado, nicknamed "El Grande", (Arenas de San Pedro, Spain, 11 March 1461 – Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha, Spain, 30 August 1531) was a Spanish noble.

paragraph: He was born in one of the richest and most influential families of Castile.br

paragraph: He was the son of Íñigo López de Mendoza y Luna, 2nd Duke of the Infantado (* Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha,1438 - Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha, 1500) and the grandson of Diego Hurtado de Mendoza, 1st Duke of the Infantado, (* Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha, 1415 - Manzanares el Real, 1479). He became 3rd duke in 1500.

paragraph: He married, first, circa 1491, Maria Pimentel y Pacheco (deceased 1499), daughter of Rodrigo Afonso Pimentel, 4th count and 1st duke of Benavente.br

paragraph: They had 4 children :

paragraph: BULLET::::- Íñigo López de Mendoza, 4th Duke of the Infantado, (1493–1566).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rodrigo de Mendoza, 1st marquis of Montes-Claros.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ana, married Luis de la Cerda, 1st marquis of Cogolludo.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marina, married Diego Arias.

paragraph: He remarried in 1530 with Maria Maldonado, no issue.

paragraph: He participated in the conquest of Granada, distinguishing himself in the conquest of Loja.br

paragraph: He was a strong political opponent of Cardinal Cisneros and defended the rights of the nobles.

paragraph: In 1519, he became a Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece on proposal of King Charles I of Spain, a.k.a. Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.br

paragraph: During the Revolt of the Comuneros in 1520 and 1521, the duke of Infantado played a cautious waiting game to see which side would win.

paragraph: In 1521 he chose to support King Charles I, mostly because of his hate towards Bishop Acuña.

paragraph: King Francis I of France stayed in his palace, after the King had been taken prisoner in the Battle of Pavia in 1525.br

paragraph: In his old age, the Duke suffered from gout and led a pious life.br

paragraph: The Catalan composer Mateo Flecha was in his service from 1525 until his death.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.geneall.net/H/per_page.php?id=64632

paragraph: BULLET::::- Los Mendoza:El tercer duque del Infantado (In Spanish)

description: Spanish noble


text:
Colombia
model
Medellín, Colombia
Jorge Tadeo Lozano University
Bogota
Caracol News
Margarita Ortega
Adriana Arboleda
Ivan Lalinde
Canal Caracol
Marcela Sarmiento
SoHo
Carlos Oñate

categories: 1980 births,2010 deaths,Suicides by jumping in Colombia,Colombian female models,Female models who committed suicide,Colombian television presenters

paragraph: Lina Marulanda

paragraph: Lina Marulanda (15 May 1980 – 22 April 2010) was a Colombian television personality and model.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Marulanda was born Lina María Marulanda Cuartas in Medellín, Colombia. She began her modeling career at age 12. She first attended Santa María del Rosario de Medellín High School but moved to Parra Paris High School, from which she graduated, following conflicts with the directors and nuns at Santa María. Her adolescence was extremely busy with fashion shows and photo shoots; in a 2004 interview, Marulanda said she regretted having grown up this way.

paragraph: After completing high school, Marulanda enrolled in Jorge Tadeo Lozano University in Bogota, where she studied advertising.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In 2002, she debuted as a presenter at CM& News. She later worked at Caracol News for six years, where she presented the 0700 edition and the international section of the broadcast. Beginning in 2003, she presented the entertainment portion of the evening news alongside actress Margarita Ortega and later alongside model Adriana Arboleda.

paragraph: In December 2005, Marulanda went on to lead the entertainment portion of Caracol News at 12:30, with journalist and presenter Ivan Lalinde.

paragraph: In early 2007, she hosted the reality show "Challenge 20-07" on Canal Caracol. That July, she returned to CM& News, doing special reports on Colombiamoda 2007. She also reported on Colombiamoda 2007 for the station W Radio. On 24 July 2007, Marulanda joined the team of "La hora del Regreso" on W Radio, replacing Marcela Sarmiento.

paragraph: She was a spokesmodel for major brands of clothing, and appeared in magazines including "SoHo", "Don Juan", "Cromos", and "G".

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: On 22 April 2010, Marulanda died upon falling from the balcony of her sixth-floor apartment. It is considered a suicide. Marulanda was with her parents, ex-husband, and a doctor at the time. She was in the midst of a divorce with Carlos Oñate, her second husband, to whom she had been married for three months.

alias:
Lina María Marulanda Cuarta
Lina Marulanda

description: Colombian television presenter and model

wikidata_label: Lina Marulanda Cuarta

wikipedia_title: Lina Marulanda


text:
the Liberators University
Caracol Televisión
María Lucía Fernández
Señal Colombia
Not Love, Just Frenzy

categories: Actresses from Cali,1971 births,21st-century Colombian actresses,Colombian television presenters,Colombian film actresses,Living people,Colombian television actresses

paragraph: Margarita Ortega (actress)

paragraph: Margarita Ortega (born January 19, 1973) is a Colombian television presenter and actress.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Ortega studied Social Communications and Journalism at the Liberators University in Bogotá. She made her debut as an actress in the 1993 soap opera "Behind an Angel". Between 1995 and 1997 she was an anchor in the 7:30 p.m. news program on Caracol Televisión alongside María Lucía Fernández. Following this she appeared in several soap operas, movies, and plays. In 2002 she returned to Caracol news as the presenter of the entertainment section. In 2007 she presented the program "Culturama" on the state television channel Señal Colombia.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: In 2010, she married actor Ramiro Meneses in a ceremony attended only by close family members and friends. The couple separated in 2015.

paragraph: Section::::Television.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Santisimas (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rosario Tijeras (2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- I want to die (2008–2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Montecristo (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Without shame (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Deception (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Seven times beloved (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lucifer is visiting (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Love thousand (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Not Love, Just Frenzy (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Man and wife (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- God bless (1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The calm waters (1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Behind an angel (1993)

paragraph: Section::::Films.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ceiba, the Hour of the devil (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The teacher (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bolivar I am (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Before the rain (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Double standard (2000)

description: Colombian actress

wikidata_label: Margarita Ortega

wikipedia_title: Margarita Ortega (actress)


text: Kanem-Bornu Empire

text: Muhammad al-Amin al-Kanemi

text: wazirs

text: `Abd ar-Rahman ibn Muhammad al-Amin

text: Ouaddai Empire

text: Rabih az-Zubayr

text: Sudan

text: Kanuri Studies Association

categories: 1881 deaths,19th-century rulers in Africa,Year of birth unknown,Royalty of Borno,Bornu Empire,History of Nigeria

paragraph: Umar of Borno

paragraph: Umar I ibn Muhammad al-Amin () or Umar of Borno (died 1881) was "Shehu" (Sheik) of the Kanem-Bornu Empire and son of Muhammad al-Amin al-Kanemi.

paragraph: Section::::Reign of Umar.

paragraph: Umar came to power at the death of his father in 1837. Umar did not match his father's vitality and gradually allowed the kingdom to be ruled by advisers ("wazirs"). Umar ruled from 1837 until November 1853 when he was deposed by his brother `Abd ar-Rahman ibn Muhammad al-Amin who became "Shehu". The latter only reigned until 1854 when Umar reconquered his throne.

paragraph: Umar ruled as "Shehu" for a second time from September 1854 to 1880. Borno began to decline, as a result of administrative disorganization, regional particularism, and attacks by the militant Ouaddai Empire to the east. The decline continued under Umar's sons, and in 1894 Rabih az-Zubayr, leading an invading army from eastern Sudan, conquered Borno.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brenner, Louis, "The Shehus of Kukawa: A History of the Al-Kanemi Dynasty of Born"u, Oxford Studies in African Affairs (Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1973).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cohen, Ronald, "The Kanuri of Bornu", Case Studies in Cultural Anthropology (New York: Holt, 1967).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Denham, Dixon and Captain Clapperton and the Late Doctor Oudney, "Narrative of Travels and Discoveries in Northern and Central Africa", (Boston: Cummings, Hilliards and Co., 1826).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Isichei, Elizabeth, "A History of African Societies to 1870" (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997), pp. 318–320, .

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lange, Dierk, 'The kingdoms and peoples of Chad', in "General history of Africa", ed. by Djibril Tamsir Niane, IV (London: Unesco, Heinemann, 1984), pp. 238–265.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Last, Murray, ‘Le Califat De Sokoto Et Borno’, in "Histoire Generale De l'Afrique", Rev. ed. (Paris: Presence Africaine, 1986), pp. 599–646.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lavers, John, "The Al- Kanimiyyin Shehus: a Working Chronology" in "Berichte des Sonderforschungsbereichs", 268, Bd. 2, Frankfurt a. M. 1993: 179-186.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Palmer, Herbert Richmond, "The Bornu Sahara and Sudan" (London: John Murray, 1936).

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kanuri Studies Association

description: Nigerian king

wikidata_label: Umar of Borno

wikipedia_title: Umar of Borno


text:
du Pont family's
E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company
Wilmington, Delaware
Lammot du Pont
née
Pierre S. du Pont
Irénée du Pont
nitroglycerin
Alfred Victor DuPont
Éleuthère Irénée du Pont
E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company
Irénée du Pont
Board of Directors
Walter S. Carpenter Jr.
Pierre S. du Pont
Esther Driver du Pont
Reynolds du Pont
Racine, Wisconsin
Fishers Island, New York
New London, Connecticut
heart disease
Lewis Polk Rutherfurd
Janet Auchincloss Rutherfurd
Jackie Kennedy
Lee Radziwill

categories: 1952 deaths,Delaware Republicans,1880 births,Connecticut Republicans,Du Pont family

paragraph: Lammot du Pont II

paragraph: Lammot du Pont II (October 12, 1880 – July 24, 1952) was an American businessman who was the head of the du Pont family's E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company for 22 years.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: He was born on October 12, 1880 in Wilmington, Delaware. He was the ninth, and youngest boy, of eleven children born to chemist Lammot du Pont (1831–1884), and his wife, Mary (née Belin) du Pont (1839–1913). Among his siblings were brothers Pierre S. du Pont and Irénée du Pont, who were both involved in the Du Pont Company. His father died during a nitroglycerin explosion in 1884.

paragraph: His maternal grandparents were Henry Hedrick Belin and Isabella (née d'Andelot) Belin and his paternal grandparents were Alfred Victor DuPont and Margaretta Elizabeth (née Lammot) DuPont. His was also a great-grandson of the French-born Éleuthère Irénée du Pont, the founder of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: On March 15, 1926, Lammot du Pont was elected President of E.I. du Pont de Nemours Co., succeeding elder brother Irénée du Pont, who was elected Chairman of the Board of Directors.

paragraph: Lammot served as President until May 20, 1940, when he was succeeded by Walter S. Carpenter Jr. At the same time, Lammot replaced another brother, Pierre S. du Pont, as Chairman of the Board.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Du Pont was married four times. His first marriage was on January 27, 1903 to Natalie Driver Wilson (1877–1918), at St. John's P. E. Church and officiated by Bishop Coleman. Natalie was a sister of Rodgers Wilson. Together, Lammont and Natalie were the parents of:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mary Belin du Pont

paragraph: BULLET::::- Esther Driver du Pont (1908–1984), who married Campbell Weir (1901–1982) in 1928. They divorced and she remarried to Sir John R. H. Thouron (1907–2007) in 1953.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lammot du Pont III (1909–1964), who married Mary Elizabeth Wooten (1916–1996) in 1950.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pierre Samuel du Pont III

paragraph: BULLET::::- Edith du Pont

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexandrine du Pont (1915–1953), who married Howard A. Perkins (1906–1947) in 1937.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reynolds du Pont, a Republican state senator and president pro tem in Delaware who married .

paragraph: His second marriage was to Carolene H. Stollenwerck in 1930. His third marriage was to Ruth Foster (1911–1958) in 1931.

paragraph: In 1933, he married for the fourth and final time to Margaret A. Flett (d. 1968), the daughter of David H. Flett of Racine, Wisconsin. Together, they were the parents of one child:

paragraph: BULLET::::- David Flett du Pont (–1955), who died at age twenty-one as a result of an automobile accident at Fishers Island, New York on October 3, 1955.

paragraph: Du Pont died on July 24, 1952 in New London, Connecticut of heart disease at age 71.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.:Descendants.

paragraph: Through his son Reynolds, he was the grandfather of Natalie du Pont and Katharine du Pont, who married Peter Durant Sanger. After Sanger's death, she married Lewis Polk Rutherfurd, who the widower of Janet Auchincloss Rutherfurd (half-sister of Jackie Kennedy and Lee Radziwill).

description: American businessman

wikidata_label: Lammot du Pont II

wikipedia_title: Lammot du Pont II


text: Christian

text: Martyrdom of Polycarp

text: martyr

text: saint

text: Church Father

text: Eastern Orthodox

text: Catholic

text: Anglican

text: Lutheran

text: Irenaeus

text: Tertullian

text: John the Apostle

text: Jerome

text: Coptic language

text: Patmos

text: hagiography

text: Clement of Rome

text: Ignatius of Antioch

text: Apostolic Fathers

text: Smyrna

text: Epistle of Polycarp to the Philippians

text: Apostolic Fathers

text: Stephen

text: Irenaeus

text: Adversus Haereses

text: epistles of Ignatius

text: Smyrnaeans

text: Philippians

text: Coptic

text: Papias

text: Ignatius of Antioch

text: John

text: Jesus

text: Anicetus

text: Rome

text: Easter

text: communion

text: Passover

text: Eucharist

text: Eusebius

text: Marcus Aurelius

text: Lucius Statius Quadratus

text: Ignatius

text: Great Sabbath

text: William Cave

text: Hebrew calendar

text: "Great Sabbaths"

text: seventh day

text: Eighth Day

text: "high day"

text: Jerome

text: apostle John

text: Eastern Orthodox Church

text: Church of God

text: Protestants

text: Catholics

text: David Trobisch

text: Eusebius

text: Polycrates of Ephesus

text: Quartodeciman Controversy

text: Irenaeus

text: Valentinus

text: Marcion

text: heretics

text: Satan

text: Christianity in the 1st century

text: Christianity in the 2nd century

text: Early centers of Christianity

text: Early Christianity

text: Ephesus

text: History of early Christianity

text: Ignatius of Antioch

text: List of Catholic saints

text: List of Christian martyrs

wikipedia_title:
Christianity
Martyrdom of Polycarp
Martyr
Saint
Church Fathers
Eastern Orthodox Church
Catholic Church
Anglicanism
Lutheranism
Irenaeus
Tertullian
John the Apostle
Jerome
Coptic language
Patmos
Hagiography
Pope Clement I
Ignatius of Antioch
Apostolic Fathers
İzmir
Epistle of Polycarp to the Philippians
Apostolic Fathers
Saint Stephen
Martyrdom of Polycarp
Irenaeus
Against Heresies (Irenaeus)
Ignatius of Antioch
Epistle of Ignatius to the Smyrnaeans
Epistle of Polycarp to the Philippians
Coptic language
Papias of Hierapolis
Ignatius of Antioch
John the Presbyter
Jesus
Pope Anicetus
Rome
Easter
Full communion
Passover
Eucharist
Eusebius
Marcus Aurelius
Lucius Statius Quadratus
Ignatius of Antioch
Holy Saturday
William Cave
Hebrew calendar
High Sabbaths
Hoshana Rabbah
Shemini Atzeret
High Sabbaths
Jerome
John the Apostle
Eastern Orthodox Church
Adventism
Protestantism
Catholic Church
David Trobisch
Eusebius
Polycrates of Ephesus
Quartodecimanism
Irenaeus
Valentinus (Gnostic)
Marcion of Sinope
Heresy
Satan
Christianity in the 1st century
Christianity in the 2nd century
Early centers of Christianity
Early Christianity
Ephesus
History of early Christianity
Ignatius of Antioch
List of Catholic saints
List of Christian martyrs

categories: Saints from Roman Anatolia,Doctors of the Church,2nd-century executions,69 births,Ancient Smyrnaeans,2nd-century bishops,2nd-century Romans,People from Izmir,2nd-century Christian martyrs,Church Fathers,1st-century Romans,Christian anti-Gnosticism,155 deaths,People executed by the Roman Empire

paragraph: Polycarp

paragraph: Polycarp (; , "Polýkarpos"; ; AD 69 155) was a 2nd-century Christian bishop of Smyrna. According to the "Martyrdom of Polycarp" he died a martyr, bound and burned at the stake, then stabbed when the fire failed to touch him. Polycarp is regarded as a saint and Church Father in the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Catholic, Anglican, and Lutheran churches. His name 'Polycarp' means 'much fruit' in Greek.

paragraph: Both Irenaeus, who as a young man heard Polycarp speak, and Tertullian recorded that Polycarp had been a disciple of John the Apostle. Jerome wrote that Polycarp was a disciple of John and that John had ordained him bishop of Smyrna.

paragraph: The late tradition surrounding Polycarp that expanded upon the "Martyrdom" is embodied in the Coptic language fragmentary papyri (the "Harris fragments") dating to the 3rd to 6th centuries. These fragments compare and contrast Polycarp with John the Apostle, who, though many people had tried to kill him, was not martyred but died of old age after being exiled to the island of Patmos. Frederick Weidmann, editor of the Harris fragments, interprets them as Smyrnan hagiography addressing Smyrna–Ephesus church rivalries, which "develops the association of Polycarp and John to a degree unwitnessed, so far as we know, either before or since". The fragments echo the "Martyrology", and diverge from it.

paragraph: With Clement of Rome and Ignatius of Antioch, Polycarp is regarded as one of three chief Apostolic Fathers. Polycarp is the patron saint of Smyrna.

paragraph: Section::::Surviving writings and early accounts.

paragraph: The sole surviving work attributed to him is the "Epistle of Polycarp to the Philippians", a mosaic of references to the Greek Scriptures. It, and an account of "The Martyrdom of Polycarp", form part of the collection of writings Roman Catholics and some Protestants term "The Apostolic Fathers." This title emphasizes the writings' particular closeness to the apostles in Church traditions. After the Acts of the Apostles, which describes the death of Stephen the "Martyrdom" is considered one of the earliest genuine accounts of a Christian martyrdom, and is one of the earliest-known Christian documents of this kind.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: There are two chief sources of information concerning the life of Polycarp: the letter of the Smyrnaeans recounting the martyrdom of Polycarp and the passages in Irenaeus' "Adversus Haereses". Other sources are the epistles of Ignatius, which include one to Polycarp and another to the Smyrnaeans, and Polycarp's own letter to the Philippians. In 1999, some third to 6th century Coptic fragments about Polycarp were also published.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Papias.

paragraph: According to Irenaeus, Polycarp was a companion of Papias, another "hearer of John" as Irenaeus interprets Papias' testimony, and a correspondent of Ignatius of Antioch. Ignatius addressed a letter to him, and mentions him in his letters to the Ephesians and to the Magnesians.

paragraph: Irenaeus regarded the memory of Polycarp as a link to the apostolic past. He relates how and when he became a Christian, and in his letter to Florinus, a fellow student of Polycarp who had become a Roman presbyter and later lapsed into heresy. Irenaeus stated that he saw and heard Polycarp personally in lower Asia. Irenaeus wrote to Florinus: I could tell you the place where the blessed Polycarp sat to preach the Word of God. It is yet present to my mind with what gravity he everywhere came in and went out; what was the sanctity of his deportment, the majesty of his countenance; and what were his holy exhortations to the people. I seem to hear him now relate how he conversed with John and many others who had seen Jesus Christ, the words he had heard from their mouths."

paragraph: In particular, he heard the account of Polycarp's discussion with John and with others who had seen Jesus. Irenaeus also reports that Polycarp was converted to Christianity by apostles, was consecrated a bishop, and communicated with many who had seen Jesus. He repeatedly emphasizes the very great age of Polycarp. Polycarp kissed the chains of Ignatius when he passed by Smyrna on the road to Rome for his martyrdom.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Visit to Anicetus.

paragraph: According to Irenaeus, during the time his fellow Syrian, Anicetus, was the Bishop of Rome, in the 150s or 160, Polycarp visited Rome to discuss the differences that existed between Asia and Rome "with regard to certain things" and especially about the time of the Easter festivals. Irenaeus said that on certain things the two bishops speedily came to an understanding, while as to the time of Easter, each adhered to his own custom, without breaking off communion with the other. Polycarp followed the eastern practice of celebrating the feast on the 14th of Nisan, the day of the Jewish Passover, regardless of what day of the week it fell on. Anicetus followed the western practice of celebrating the feast on the first Sunday after the first full moon after the Spring equinox (March 21). Anicetus—the Roman sources offering it as a mark of special honor—allowed Polycarp to celebrate the Eucharist in his own church.

paragraph: Section::::Life.:Date of martyrdom.

paragraph: In the "Martyrdom", Polycarp is recorded as saying on the day of his death, "Eighty and six years I have served Him, and He has done me no wrong", which could indicate that he was then eighty-six years old or that he may have lived eighty-six years after his conversion. Polycarp goes on to say "How then can I blaspheme my King and Savior? You threaten me with a fire that burns for a season, and after a little while is quenched; but you are ignorant of the fire of everlasting punishment that is prepared for the wicked." Polycarp was burned at the stake and was pierced with a spear for refusing to burn incense to the Roman Emperor. On his farewell, he said "I bless you Father for judging me worthy of this hour, so that in the company of the martyrs I may share the cup of Christ."

paragraph: The date of Polycarp's death is in dispute. Eusebius dates it to the reign of Marcus Aurelius, c. 166–167. However, a post-Eusebian addition to the "Martyrdom of Polycarp" dates his death to Saturday, February 23, in the proconsulship of Lucius Statius Quadratus — which works out to be 155 or 156. These earlier dates better fit the tradition of his association with Ignatius and John the Evangelist. However, the addition to the "Martyrdom" cannot be considered reliable on only its own merits. Lightfoot would argue for the earlier date of Polycarp's death, with which Killen would strongly disagree. In addition, some have proposed a date in 177. However the earlier date of 156 is generally accepted.

paragraph: Section::::Great Sabbath.

paragraph: Because the Smyrnaean letter known as the "Martyrdom of Polycarp" states that Polycarp was taken "on the day of the Sabbath" and killed on "the Great Sabbath," some believe that this is evidence that the Smyrnaeans under Polycarp observed the seventh day Sabbath.

paragraph: William Cave wrote "... the Sabbath or 'Saturday' (for so the word sabbatum is constantly used in the writings of the fathers, when speaking of it as it relates to Christians) was held by them in great veneration, and especially in the Eastern parts honoured with all the public solemnities of religion. This is plain, not only from some passages in Ignatius and Clemens' Constitutions, but from writers of more unquestionable credit and authority. Athanasius, bishop of Alexandria, tells us that they assembled on Saturdays... to worship Jesus Christ, the Lord of the Sabbath."

paragraph: Some feel that the expression "the Great Sabbath" refers to the Christian Passover or another annual holy day. If so, then Polycarp's martyrdom would have had to occur at least a month after the traditional February 23 dating since according to the Hebrew calendar the earliest time Nisan 14, the date of the Passover, can fall on in any given year is late March. Other "Great Sabbaths" (if this is referring to what are commonly considered to be Jewish holy days, though observed by many early professors of Christ) come in the spring, late summer, and the fall. None occur in winter.

paragraph: It is claimed that the "Great Sabbath" is alluded to in John 7:37. Here it is referred to as "the last day, that great day of the feast" and is a separate annual holy day immediately following the Feast of Tabernacles. Others argue that the gospel writer is referring to the seventh day of the Feast and later refers to the Eighth Day or annual Sabbath in John 9:14. It is more likely that the "Great Sabbath," as referred to in the "Martyrdom of Polycarp" is alluded to in John 19:31 which points out "that [weekly] Sabbath day" following the "[day of the] preparation" was a "high day" or "great." In any event, however, it is disputable whether such biblical references imply a common practice or just onetime events.

paragraph: Section::::Importance.

paragraph: Polycarp occupies an important place in the history of the early Christian Church. He is among the earliest Christians whose writings survived. Jerome wrote that Polycarp was a "disciple of the apostle John and by him ordained bishop of Smyrna". He was an elder of an important congregation which was a large contributor to the founding of the Christian Church. He is from an era whose orthodoxy is widely accepted by Eastern Orthodox Churches, Oriental Orthodox Churches, Church of God groups, Sabbatarian groups, mainstream Protestants and Catholics alike. According to David Trobisch, Polycarp may have been the one who compiled, edited, and published the New Testament. All of this makes his writings of great interest.

paragraph: According to Eusebius, Polycrates of Ephesus cited the example of Polycarp in defense of local practices during the Quartodeciman Controversy.

paragraph: Irenaeus, who as a young man had heard Polycarp preach, said of him: "a man who was of much greater weight, and a more steadfast witness of truth, than Valentinus, and Marcion, and the rest of the heretics". Polycarp had learned from apostle John to flee from those who change the divine truth. One day he met in the streets of Rome the heretic Marcion who, resenting that Polycarp did not greet him, said: "Do you know me?" Polycarp replied: "Yes, I know you, the first-born of Satan." Polycarp lived in an age after the deaths of the apostles, when a variety of interpretations of the sayings of Jesus were being preached. His role was to authenticate orthodox teachings through his reputed connection with the apostle John: "a high value was attached to the witness Polycarp could give as to the genuine tradition of old apostolic doctrine", Wace commented, "his testimony condemning as offensive novelties the figments of the heretical teachers". Irenaeus states (iii. 3) that on Polycarp's visit to Rome, his testimony converted many disciples of Marcion and Valentinus.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Christianity in the 1st century

paragraph: BULLET::::- Christianity in the 2nd century

paragraph: BULLET::::- Early centers of Christianity

paragraph: BULLET::::- Early Christianity

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ephesus

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of early Christianity

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ignatius of Antioch

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Catholic saints

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Christian martyrs

paragraph: BULLET::::- Quartodeciman

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Early Christian Writings Polycarp, text and introductions

paragraph: BULLET::::- Polycarp: The Apostolic Legacy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paul N. Tobin, "The Apostolic Succession: Polycarp and Clement" A skeptical assessment of inconsistencies in the tradition

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Martyrdom of Polycarp: The Contemporary Account of His Death in the Letter to the Smyrnaeans."

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Golden Legend: Polycarp of Smyrna

description: Christian bishop of Smyrna

wikidata_label: Polycarp

wikipedia_title: Polycarp


text:
Susuhunan of Mataram
Trunajaya rebellion
Amangkurat I
Tegal
Plered
Raden Trunajaya
Madura
captured the court
Dutch East India Company
Dutch
Mataram
Makasar
Ambon
first defeated Trunajaya
Kediri
Ngantang
Malang
Pangeran Puger
Susuhunan
Kartasura
Pajang
Mount Merapi
Mount Lawu
Cirebon
Johor
Untung Surapati
Captain Tack
Batavia
Captain Jonker
Ambon
Amangkurat III

categories: 1703 deaths,Year of birth missing,Burials at Imogiri,Sultans of Mataram

paragraph: Amangkurat II of Mataram

paragraph: Amangkurat II was the Susuhunan of Mataram from 1677 to 1703. Prior to taking the throne, he was the crown prince and had the title Pangeran Adipati Anom.

paragraph: Amangkurat II became monarch in 1677 at the height of the Trunajaya rebellion. He succeeded his father, Amangkurat I, who died in Tegal after being expelled from Plered, his capital by Raden Trunajaya, a prince from Madura that captured the court in 1677.

paragraph: Like his father, Amangkurat II was nearly helpless, having fled without an army nor a treasury to build one. In an attempt to regain his kingdom, he made substantial concessions to the Dutch East India Company (VOC), who then went to war to reinstate him. For the Dutch, a stable Mataram empire that was deeply indebted to them would help ensure continued trade on favorable terms. They were willing to lend their military might to keep the kingdom together. The multinational Dutch forces, consisting of light-armed troops from Makasar and Ambon, in addition to heavily equipped European soldiers, first defeated Trunajaya in Kediri in November 1678, and Trunajaya himself was captured in 1679 near Ngantang west of Malang.

paragraph: Then, in 1681, the alliance of VOC and Amangkurat II forced Pangeran Puger, his younger brother, who styled himself Susuhunan ing Alaga when he seized the throne, to relinquish it. Since the fallen Plered was considered inauspicious, Amangkurat II moved the capital to Kartasura in the land of Pajang (the northern part of the stretch of land between Mount Merapi and Mount Lawu, the southern part being Mataram).

paragraph: By providing help in regaining his throne, the Dutch brought Amangkurat II under their tight control. Amangkurat II was apparently unhappy with the situation, especially the increasing Dutch control of the coast, but he was helpless in the face of a crippling financial debt and the threat of Dutch military power. The king engaged in a series of intrigues to try to weaken the Dutch position without confronting them head on. For example, he tried to cooperate with other kingdoms such as Cirebon and Johor, and the court sheltered people wanted by the Dutch for attacking colonial offices or disrupting shipping, such as Untung Surapati. In 1685, Batavia sent Captain Tack, the officer who captured Trunajaya, to Amangkurat's court at Kartasura, in order to capture Surapati and negotiate further details into the agreement between VOC and Amangkurat II. Tack was killed when pursuing Surapati in Kartasura, but Batavia decided to do nothing since the situation in Batavia itself was far from stable, such as the insurrection of Captain Jonker, native commander of Ambonese settlement in Batavia, in 1689. Mainly due to this incident, by the end of his reign, Amangkurat II was deeply distrusted by the Dutch, but Batavia were similarly uninterested in provoking another costly war on Java.

paragraph: Amangkurat II died in 1703 and was briefly succeeded by his son, Amangkurat III (r. 1703-8).

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Miksic, John (general ed.), et al. (2006) "Karaton Surakarta. A look into the court of Surakarta Hadiningrat, central Java" (First published: 'By the will of His Serene Highness Paku Buwono XII'. Surakarta: Yayasan Pawiyatan Kabudayan Karaton Surakarta, 2004) Marshall Cavendish Editions Singapore

description: Sultan of Mataram, 1677-1703

wikidata_label: Amangkurat II of Mataram

wikipedia_title: Amangkurat II of Mataram


text:
Poitiers
John, Duke of Durazzo
Agnes de Périgord
Kingdom of Naples
Aversa
Louis I of Hungary
Cardinal de Périgord
Avignon
Joan I of Naples
Giovanni Visconti
Milan
James of Piedmont
Maria of Calabria
Louis of Taranto
Castel dell'Ovo
Pope Innocent VI
Les Baux
Raymond des Baux
Walter VI of Brienne
Battle of Poitiers
Edward, the Black Prince
John II of France
Chronicles of Froissart

categories: 1356 deaths,House of Anjou-Durazzo,1326 births

paragraph: Robert of Durazzo

paragraph: Robert of Durazzo (1326 – 19 September 1356, Poitiers) was the third son of John, Duke of Durazzo and Agnes de Périgord.

paragraph: He was the lord of Cappacio, Muro, and Montalbano in the Kingdom of Naples. Captured in 1350 at the siege of Aversa, he was held prisoner by Louis I of Hungary until 1352. After his release, he took refuge with his uncle the Cardinal de Périgord in Avignon, which had just been sold to the Papacy by Joan I of Naples.

paragraph: His uncle attempted to arrange a marriage for him with the niece of Giovanni Visconti, lord of Milan, but on his journey to Milan, Robert was arrested by James of Piedmont. James' wife, Sibylle des Baux, was convinced that Robert and his Durazzeschi kin had arranged the recent murder of her nephew Robert, Count of Avellino. (Robert had married, by force, Maria of Calabria; but falling into the hands of Louis of Taranto, was murdered by his wife's orders in the Castel dell'Ovo.) Robert was not released until 18 March 1355, through the efforts of his uncle and Pope Innocent VI, and was made to swear to take no revenge on his captors. He immediately broke the promise by seizing the fortress of Les Baux on 6 April 1355. This was the Provençal seat of Raymond des Baux, brother and successor of the murdered Robert. The Pope was outraged; Robert was defended by his uncle in the papal curia, but did not escape excommunication. After an unsuccessful attempt at mediation by Walter VI of Brienne and others, local levies besieged the castle, and by July, Robert was compelled to surrender it to its rightful owner.

paragraph: He accompanied the Cardinal to the Battle of Poitiers. Before the battle, the Cardinal attempted to mediate between the English forces under Edward, the Black Prince and the French forces under John II of France. Robert, like many of the Cardinal's men, joined the fight on the French side, and was killed there. This violation of the neutrality which ought to adhere to a churchman and mediator so provoked Edward the Black Prince that he had Robert's body borne on a shield to the Cardinal as a mocking salute.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chronicles of Froissart

description: French noble

wikidata_label: Robert of Durazzo

wikipedia_title: Robert of Durazzo


text:
drummer
British
progressive metal
Threshold
Mark Heaney
Hypothetical
Extinct Instinct
Clone
Kyrbgrinder
Symphony of Pain
Classic Rock Society
Queens Park Rangers
Threshold
Hypothetical
Concert in Paris
Critical Mass
Wireless
Critical Energy
Subsurface
Surface to Stage
Pressure
Pilot in the Sky of Dreams
Dead Reckoning
March of Progress
For the Journey
Legends of the Shires
Kyrbgrinder
Defiance
Cold War Technology
Chronicles of a Dark Machine

categories: English drummers,Black British rock musicians,British male drummers,Threshold (band) members,Living people,Year of birth missing (living people)

paragraph: Johanne James

paragraph: Johanne James is the drummer for British progressive metal band Threshold. He joined the band officially, replacing Mark Heaney, in 2001, to record the album "Hypothetical", which occurred after having toured with the band in support of the albums "Extinct Instinct" and "Clone". He also fronts the three-piece band Kyrbgrinder, in which he is the vocalist and the drummer. He is also the drummer for Symphony of Pain. He has been awarded Best Drummer by the Classic Rock Society five times, in 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008 and 2014. He is also a Queens Park Rangers supporter.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With Threshold.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hypothetical" (full-length, 2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Concert in Paris" (live album, 2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Critical Mass" (full-length, 2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wireless" (remix album, 2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Critical Energy" (live album, 2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Subsurface" (full-length, 2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Surface to Stage" (live album, 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pressure" (single, 2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pilot in the Sky of Dreams" (single, 2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dead Reckoning" (full-length, 2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "March of Progress" (full-length, 2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "For the Journey" (full-length, 2014)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Legends of the Shires" (full-length, 2017)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:With Kyrbgrinder.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Defiance" (full-length, 2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cold War Technology" (full-length, 2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chronicles of a Dark Machine" (full-length, 2015)

description: British drummer

wikidata_label: Johanne James

wikipedia_title: Johanne James


text:
Japanese American
photographer
Japanese American internment
Manzanar
World War II
Kagawa
Shikoku
Japan
Little Tokyo section of Los Angeles
Harry K. Shigeta
Edward Weston
Manzanar
Steinway
East Los Angeles
Monterey Park
Monterey Highlands Elementary School
Ansel Adams
Evergreen Cemetery
Koyasan Buddhist Temple
Pasadena, California
San Gabriel, California
Ford Thunderbird
beret
bowtie
Farewell to Manzanar
Pat Morita
Robert A. Nakamura
George Takei
Kitaro
Toyo Miyatake

categories: Japanese-American internees,1979 deaths,Artists from Kagawa Prefecture,American people of World War II,1895 births,20th-century American photographers,Japanese emigrants to the United States

paragraph: Tōyō Miyatake

paragraph: Tōyō Miyatake (宮武東洋, "Miyatake Tōyō"; 1895–1979) was a Japanese American photographer, best known for his photographs documenting the Japanese American people and the Japanese American internment at Manzanar during World War II.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Miyatake was born in Kagawa, Shikoku, in Japan in 1895. In 1909 he migrated to the United States to join his father. He settled in the Little Tokyo section of Los Angeles, California.

paragraph: With an interest in arts — most notably photography, which he studied under Harry K. Shigeta — Miyatake began associating with the local arts community. In 1923 he bought his photo studio. Miyatake encouraged fellow photographer Edward Weston to exhibit his work and Miyatake is credited as giving Weston his first gallery showing.

paragraph: At the time Miyatake met his future wife, his brother was courting her. He began spending time with Hiro under the guise that he was using her as a model. His brother was crushed; it is said that he "died of a broken heart" at an early age.

paragraph: Before World War II, Miyatake's photography won awards as he photographed various personalities.

paragraph: During World War II, Miyatake was incarcerated at Manzanar in the Owens Valley. He smuggled a camera lens into the camp and constructed a camera body from wood. The pictures he secretly took at the camp are among the relatively few that show the plight of the U.S. citizen inmates.

paragraph: After the war, the family returned to Los Angeles, where their home had been entrusted to some of their white friends during the incarceration. Unlike many families who lost their homes, the Miyatakes were able to resume their life and provide shelter to a few less fortunate incarcerees and their families. In post-war Little Tokyo, many residents were unable to afford Miyatake's services and some opted instead to barter goods to have him photograph weddings and portraits. With his wife Hiro running the front office, she once negotiated his services for a Steinway piano and another time, she negotiated for a litter of poodles.

paragraph: After the death of his wife, Hiro, in 1971, Miyatake moved from his home on Third Street in East Los Angeles to live in neighboring Monterey Park with his daughter and her family.

paragraph: He remained active in the studio throughout this period. In the early morning, Miyatake could be seen walking around Monterey Highlands Elementary School for exercise. The last image he captured on film was taken at this park. The film was discovered and processed after his death.

paragraph: Before his death in 1979, Miyatake and Ansel Adams produced a book, "Two Views of Manzanar," a compilation of their photographs during the incarceration.

paragraph: Miyatake's cremated remains are buried at Evergreen Cemetery in Boyle Heights; a portion of his remains are stored in the Koyasan Buddhist Temple in Little Tokyo.

paragraph: Section::::Children and grandchildren.

paragraph: All of Miyatake's children were involved in photography and the family business. Archie, the eldest son, ran the family studio after Tōyō's death in 1979. Robert Miyatake worked in the studio and later opened his own photographic color lab in South Pasadena, California. Richard (Tabo) worked in the family studio as well and left to work in photographic production. Youngest child and only daughter, Minnie, also worked in the studio performing clerical and business-related duties and currently serves on the Board of Trustees at Koyasan Buddhist Temple, where her father's remains are stored. Miyatake's grandson continues the family business to this day.

paragraph: Section::::Toyo Miyatake Studio.

paragraph: The Toyo Miyatake Studio moved in 1985 to San Gabriel, California, where it still operates today. The studio is now managed by grandson, Alan Miyatake.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: One of Miyatake's prized possessions was his white 1957 Ford Thunderbird, which now belongs to his youngest grandson, Mark Takahashi.

paragraph: Miyatake was easily recognizable in Little Tokyo, wearing his trademark black beret and bowtie.

paragraph: Section::::In culture.

paragraph: In the TV movie "Farewell to Manzanar", Pat Morita portrays Zenahiro, a character based on Miyatake.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: In 2002, Robert A. Nakamura made the film, "Toyo Miyatake: Infinite Shades of Gray", documenting the photographer's life and work.

paragraph: In 2009, the film, "Toyo's Camera" was released, documenting the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II through the perspective of the photographer's images. Narrated by George Takei, music by Kitaro.

paragraph: His 1929 photograph of Michio Ito appeared on the cover of the Whitney Museum's Spring 2016 gallery guide.

paragraph: Section::::Books by Miyatake.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ansel Adams and Toyo Miyatake, "Two Views of Manzanar," Los Angeles : Frederick S. Wight Art Gallery, UCLA, c. 1978.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Shashinka Miyatake Tōyō no sekai: Renzu ga toraeta ningen no kiroku: 50-nen no nichibei-kōryū-shi" (写真家宮武東洋の世界：レンズがとらえた人間の記録：50年の日米交流史). Tokyo: Bungeishunjū, 1980.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Miyatake Tōyō no shashin: 1923–1979" (宮武東洋の写真：1923～1979). Tokyo: Bungeishunjū, 1984.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nihon no shashinka" (日本の写真家) / "Biographical Dictionary of Japanese Photography." Tokyo: Nichigai Associates, 2005. . Despite its alternative title in English, this book is in Japanese only.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Toyo Miyatake," Sharon Yamato, "Densho Encyclopedia" (16 Apr 2014).

alias:
Miyatake Toyo
Toyo Miyatake

description: American photographer

wikidata_label: Tōyō Miyatake

wikipedia_title: Tōyō Miyatake


text:
Peerage of Ireland
Gowran Castle
Gowran
St. Mary's Collegiate Church Gowran
James Butler, 2nd Earl of Ormond
James Butler, 1st Earl of Ormond
Edmund Butler, Earl of Carrick
Eleanor de Bohun
King Edward I
Kilkenny Castle
Despencer family
Aylesbury
Buckinghamshire
Sir Philip Courtenay
Archbishop of Canterbury
William Courtenay
Robert Wikeford
Lord Chancellor of Ireland
Richard II
Robert de Vere, Duke of Ireland
Sir John Stanley
Alexander de Balscot
Robert Crull
Lord Justice of Ireland
Carlow
Tipperary
Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March
Anne Welles
Baron Welles
James Butler, 4th Earl of Ormond
Joan de Beauchamp
William Beauchamp, 1st Baron Bergavenny
Lady Joan FitzAlan
Gerald FitzGerald, 5th Earl of Kildare
Sir Richard Butler of Polestown
county Kilkenny
Richard II of England
East Breffny
Barons Boteler of Brantfield
James "Gallda" Butler
Thomas Le Boteller
Knights Hospitaller
Lord Deputy of Ireland
Kilmainham
Siege of Rouen
Butler dynasty
googlebooks.com
googlebooks.com
thepeerage.com

categories: Earls of Ormond (Ireland),Butler dynasty,Year of birth uncertain,14th-century Irish people,15th-century Irish people,1405 deaths

paragraph: James Butler, 3rd Earl of Ormond

paragraph: James Butler, 3rd Earl of Ormond (c. 1359 – 7 September 1405), was a noble in the Peerage of Ireland. He acceded to the title in 1382 and built Gowran Castle three years later in 1385 close to the centre of Gowran, making it his usual residence, whence his common epithet, "The Earl of Gowran". James died in Gowran Castle in 1405 and is buried in St. Mary's Collegiate Church Gowran together with his father James Butler, 2nd Earl of Ormond, his grandfather James Butler, 1st Earl of Ormond and his great great grandfather Edmund Butler, Earl of Carrick and 6th Chief Butler of Ireland. James the 2nd Earl was usually called The Noble Earl, being a great-grandson, through his mother, Eleanor de Bohun, of King Edward I of England.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In 1391 he purchased Kilkenny Castle from the Despencer family. He also built the castle of Dunfert (also called Danefort) and in 1386 founded a Friary of minorities at Aylesbury in Buckinghamshire.

paragraph: In 1384 he was deputy to Sir Philip Courtenay, the then Lieutenant of Ireland, who was the nephew of the Archbishop of Canterbury, William Courtenay. The two men for a time were united in opposition to Robert Wikeford, the Lord Chancellor of Ireland, who resented the Butler dynasty's power and influence. Butler's title was Governor of Ireland. A rift occurred between them over the disagreement between the Archbishop of Canterbury and Richard II with Butler taking the side of the latter. Insurrection followed which prompted Richard II to an expedition under the banner of his close friend Robert de Vere, Duke of Ireland to quell it. This enterprise was led by Sir John Stanley who was accompanied by Bishop Alexander de Balscot of Meath and Sir Robert Crull. Butler joined them upon their arrival in Ireland. The result of its success was Stanley's appointment as Lieutenant of Ireland, Bishop Alexander as chancellor, Crull as treasurer, and Butler again as governor. On 25 July 1392, he was appointed Lord Justice of Ireland as he was again in 1401. On the departure of Sir Stephen Scrope to England on 26 October 1404, by commission, dated at Carlow, 12 February 1388-9, he was appointed

paragraph: keeper of the peace and governor of counties Kilkenny and Tipperary. He was vested with full power to treat with, to execute, to protect, and to give safe conduct to any rebels, etc. In 1397 he assisted Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March, the Lord Lieutenant, against O Brien, and in 1390 took prisoner Teige O Carrol, Prince of Elye.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and Children.

paragraph: Some time before 17 June 1386, he married Anne Welles, the daughter of John de Welles, 4th Baron Welles by his spouse Maud (née de Roos). Anne Welles died on 13 November 1397, around the age of 37. They had five children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- James Butler, 4th Earl of Ormond (1392–1452), married firstly Joan de Beauchamp, daughter of William Beauchamp, 1st Baron Bergavenny and Lady Joan FitzAlan, and had issue. He married secondly, Lady Joan, widow of Jenico Grey, and daughter and heiress of Gerald FitzGerald, 5th Earl of Kildare, but had no children.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Richard Butler of Polestown, county Kilkenny, (born c.1396). His godfather was King Richard II of England. He married Catherine, daughter of Gildas O'Reilly of Cavar, Lord of East Breffny, and had issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anne Butler, married John Wogan, and had issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Philip Butler, married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir John Cockayne, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, by his wife Ida de Grey, and had issue. Ancestor of Barons Boteler of Brantfield.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Ralph Butler, married Margaret de Berwick, and had issue.

paragraph: In 1399 the Earl married Katherine FitzGerald of Desmond. They had four children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- James "Gallda" Butler,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Edmund Butler

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gerald Butler

paragraph: BULLET::::- Theobald Butler

paragraph: By an unknown mistress he had at least one illegitimate son, Thomas Le Boteller (died 1420) aka Thomas "Bacach" (the lame). Thomas joined the order of Knights Hospitaller. He was Lord Deputy of Ireland and Prior of Kilmainham. He was a distinguished soldier who led an Irish force of 700 men at the  Siege of Rouen in 1419.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: Butler dynasty

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richardson, Douglas, and Kimball G. Everingham. "Magna Carta Ancestry A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families." Royal ancestry series. Baltimore, Maryland: Genealogical Pub. Co, 2005. googlebooks.com Accessed November 9, 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- Doyle, James William Edmund. "The Official Baronage of England, Showing the Succession, Dignities, and Offices of Every Peer from 1066 to 1885, with Sixteen Hundred Illustrations." London: Longmans, Green, 1886. googlebooks.com Accessed November 9, 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- thepeerage.com Accessed November 9, 2007

description: Noble in the Peerage of Ireland

wikidata_label: James Butler, 3rd Earl of Ormond

wikipedia_title: James Butler, 3rd Earl of Ormond


text: Bay City, Michigan

text: New York, N.Y.

text: army ant

text: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

text: New York University

text: Barro Colorado Island

text: Panama Canal Zone

text: American Museum of Natural History

text: integrative level

text: ontogeny

categories: People associated with the American Museum of Natural History,American zoologists,20th-century zoologists,1902 births,1968 deaths,University of Michigan alumni

paragraph: T. C. Schneirla

paragraph: Theodore Christian Schneirla (July 23, 1902, Bay City, Michigan — Aug. 20, 1968, New York, N.Y.) was an American animal psychologist who performed some of the first studies on the behavior patterns of army ants.

paragraph: Schneirla was educated at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.S., 1925; Sc.D., 1928), and joined the staff of New York University in 1928. He made the first of eight trips to the Barro Colorado Island, Panama Canal Zone, to study the behavior of army ants in 1932. His “Studies on Army Ants in Panama,” published the next year, provided new insight into their behavior. He discovered that these ants operate on a 36-day cycle consisting of a 16-day nomadic pattern followed by a 20-day stationary phase. In 1934 he reported that ants follow a particular pattern when moving into new territory and that raids by these insects peak once during the morning and again in the afternoon. Sudden changes in weather also were found to give rise to sudden bursts of activity. In 1944 he showed that their raids were caused by the level of excitability of the ant colony and not by a scarcity of prey.

paragraph: In 1943 Schneirla became associate curator of the Department of Animal Behavior at the American Museum of Natural History, New York City. After his return from a study of army ants in southern Mexico, he became the full curator of the museum in 1947.

paragraph: Schneirla was the author of a large number of scientific papers and the coauthor of several books on psychology, including "Principles of Animal Psychology" (with N.R.F. Maier; 1935) and "Recent Experiments in Psychology" (with L.W. Crafts; 1938). The concept of integrative levels permeated almost all of his papers. Six of his publications are directly devoted to the application of the concept of integrative levels to comparative psychology and social organization. Schneirla has been noted for his effectiveness in combining the concept of integrative levels with behavioral ontogeny to create a comprehensive theory of how organisms develop during their individual lives and how development changes across evolution. This theory provided a picture of more and more complex developmental processes as we go from lower to higher animal species.

paragraph: Section::::Books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maier, N. R. F., Théodore Christian Schneirla, T. C., (1935) "Principles of animal psychology". McGraw-Hill Book Company

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aronson, L. R., Tobach, E., Rosenblatt, J. S., Lehrman, D. S. (Eds.) (1972) "Selected writings of T. C. Schneirla". Oxford, England: W.H. Freeman & Co.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Greenberg, Gary and Tobach, Ethel, "Behavioral Evolution and Integrative Levels. The T.C. Schneirla Conference Series", Lawrence Earlbaum Associates, Inc. Publisher, 1984. p. 70.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Development and evolution of behavior; essays in memory of T.C. Schneirla (1970)

description: American Comparative Psychologist, Zoologist

wikidata_label: T. C. Schneirla

wikipedia_title: T. C. Schneirla


text:
Bar-le-Duc
Neuilly-sur-Seine
École des beaux-arts
Collège Stanislas
La Caricature
La Lune
Georges Montorgueil
Napoleon I
Joachim Murat
Imperial Guard
Alfred Mame
George Washington
Incoherents
musée de Metz
Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur
Henry de Brisay
Georges Montorgueil
Jean Richepin

categories: French Army soldiers,French children's book illustrators,French illustrators,1931 deaths,People from Bar-le-Duc,Collège Stanislas de Paris alumni,1858 births,Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur

paragraph: Job (illustrator)

paragraph: Jacques Marie Gaston Onfroy de Bréville, known by the pen name Job after his initials (25 November 1858, Bar-le-Duc – 15 September 1931, Neuilly-sur-Seine) was a French artist and illustrator.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: His father opposed his entry to thé École des beaux-arts after graduating from the Collège Stanislas. He therefore joined the French army, but returned to Paris in 1882. In the intervening period, he maintained a keen taste for military, patriotic and nationalistic subjects. He finally joined the École des beaux-arts and exhibited at the 1886 'Salon des artistes français', receiving a mixed reception. He therefore began a career as an illustrator, contributing caricatures to "La Caricature" and to "La Lune".

paragraph: However, he is best known for his illustrations for children's books, most frequently for texts by Georges Montorgueil. His major colour compositions contributed to the cult of 'heroes of the nation' such as Napoleon I and Joachim Murat. Several of his illustrations appear in "La Vieille Garde impériale" ("The Old Imperial Guard"), published in 1932 by Alfred Mame and fils de Tours. His eye for detail can be seen in "L'Épopée du costume militaire français" - even in works intended for children, he tried to reproduce uniforms with extreme precision.

paragraph: His best known works are "Murat", "Le Grand Napoléon des petits enfants", "Jouons à l'histoire", "Louis XI", "Napoléon", "Bonaparte" and "Les Gourmandises de Charlotte". He also illustrated the life of George Washington and was well known in the USA. He was a Sociétaire of the 'humoristes' and exhibited with the Incoherents. His studio has been reconstructed at the musée de Metz.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: Jacques Onfroy de Bréville was a Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Histoire d'un bonnet à poil" (text by J. de Marthold), gr. in-8°, Librairie d'Education de la Jeunesse, 1888 ;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jean la Poudre" et "Flamberge au vent" (text by Henry de Brisay), gr. in-8°, Librairie d'Education de la Jeunesse, 1889 ;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Gourmandises de Charlotte" (text by J. Savary), Hachette, 1890 ;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Grand Napoléon des Petits Enfans" (text by J. de Marthold), gr. in-4°, Plon, 1893 ;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Bon Roy Henry" (text by J. Hermant) Mame, 1894 ;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Tambour-Major Flambardin" (text by J. Lemaire) Delagrave 1894 ;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mémoires de César Chabrac, trompette de Houzars" and "les Épées de France" (text and drawings by Job) Geffroy, 1893 et 1894 ;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Trois héros" (text by A. Giron) Hachette, 1894;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "France, son histoire" (text by Georges Montorgueil) Boivin, 1895;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Mots historiques du pays de France" (text by E. Trogan) Mame, 1896;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les Marins de la Garde" (text by J. Lemaire) Delagrave 1896 ;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Cantinière" (text by G. Montorgueil) Charavay, Mantoux, Martin, 1898;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "L’Épopée de l'Uniforme" (text by H. Bouchot) ; Henri May, 1898 ;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les trois Couleurs" (text by G. Montorgueil) Martin, 1899;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A la pointe de l'Epée" (text by J. Lemaire) Mame, 1899 ;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tenues des troupes de France" (text by members of the "Sabretache").

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Tour d'Auvergne, premier grenadier de France" (text by G. Montorgueil) Boivin, 1902;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Liline et Frérot au pays des joujoux" (text by G. Montorgueil) Boivin, 1903;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Murat" (text by G. Montorgueil) Hachette, 1903;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Louis XI" (text by G. Montorgueil) Furne, 1905;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jouons à l'histoire" (text by G. Montorgueil) Boivin, 1908;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bonaparte" (text by G. Montorgueil) Boivin, 1908;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Au Pays des chansons" (text by G. Montorgueil) Boivin, 1912;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ce bon Monsieur de Véragues" (text by M. Maindron) Mame, 1912;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A la Gloire des Bêtes" (text by A. Fabre) Mame, 1912;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Quand nos Rois étaient petits" (text by C. Clerc et N. Sevestre) Delagrave, 1914;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Washington, the man of action" (text by Frederick Trevor Hill) Appleton, 1914;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Allons Enfants de la Patrie!" (text by Jean Richepin) Mame, 1920;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Napoléon" (text by G. Montorgueil) Boivin, 1921

paragraph: BULLET::::- "ABC, Petits contes" (text by J. Lemaître) Mame, 1921;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kildine, histoire d'une méchante petite Princesse" (text by Marie, Reine de Roumanie) Mame, 1921;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tambour battant! Mémoires d'un vieux Tambour" (text by L. Sonolet) Mame, 1922;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Vieille Garde impériale" (collaborative text) Mame, 1921;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Voyages de Gulliver" (text by Swift) Delagrave, 1927;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Petite Histoire de France" (text by J. Bainville) Mame, 1928;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Quand le grand Napoléon était petit" (text by E. Hinzelin) Delagrave, 1931;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Chevalerie" (text by J. Bédier) Mame, 1931;

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean-Marie Embs et Philippe Melot, "Le Siècle d’or du livre d’enfants et de jeunesse (1840–1940)", Les Éditions de l’amateur, 2000.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Émile Hinzelin, "Quand nos grands écrivains étaient petits", illustrations by Job, Librairie Delagrave, Paris, 1929.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Laura Noesser, « Les Albums historiques », "La Revue des livres pour enfants", 1985.

paragraph: BULLET::::- François Robichon, "Job ou l'histoire illustrée", Hersher, 1984.

description: French illustrator

wikidata_label: Job

wikipedia_title: Job (illustrator)


text: Alghero

text: Sacramento

text: Italian American

text: airman

text: parachutist

text: Vietnam War

text: Base Jumping

text: Vietnam War

text: Bell UH-1 Iroquois

text: War Cross for Military Valor

text: World Trade Center

text: Verrazano Bridge

text: Foresthill Bridge

text: Leaning Tower of Pisa

text: George Washington Bridge

text: Lockheed PV-2 Harpoon

categories: People from Alghero,1946 births,Skydivers

paragraph: John Carta

paragraph: Giovanni Carta, also known as John Carta (Alghero, January 7, 1946 – Sacramento, September 29, 1990), was an Italian American airman and parachutist, veteran of the Vietnam War.

paragraph: He was nicknamed "Birdman". Carta was a Base Jumping pioneer and a veteran of the Vietnam War, where he piloted Bell UH-1 Iroquois helicopters on rescue missions. He was decorated with the War Cross for Military Valor.

paragraph: He parachuted onto the roof of the World Trade Center in New York in 1981; and launched himself from a tower of the Verrazano Bridge in 1982.

paragraph: In 1986, using a portable ramp, he jumped from the Foresthill Bridge in California on a motorcycle then deployed his parachute, leaving the motorcycle to smash to pieces in the canyon below.

paragraph: He jumped from the Leaning Tower of Pisa, in Italy, and from George Washington Bridge in New York, in 1987.

paragraph: He experimented with "bat wings" in many of his parachute launches.

paragraph: On August 16, 1990, he broke his back after his parachute failed during a jump from an office building in Oakland; he was charged with trespass but the charge was dropped due to his injuries.

paragraph: Carta was killed on September 29, 1990, when the Lockheed PV-2 Harpoon in which he was a passenger crashed during an impromptu aerobatics display.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jordan Fisher Smith, "Nature noir", Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2005.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Michael Abrams, "Birdmen, Batmen, And Skyflyers", 2006, Harmony Books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Massimiliano Fois e Raffaele Sari Bozzolo, "Un'altra Alghero", 2008 Panoramika editrice. ,

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Trailer of the documentary by Sky Circus on John Carta

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of newspaper articles about John Carta

description: American skydiver

wikidata_label: John Carta

wikipedia_title: John Carta


text:
defensive end
Pittsburgh Steelers
National Football League
Stillwater Area High School
Stillwater, Minnesota
Northwestern Wildcats
2013 NFL Draft
Pittsburgh Steelers

categories: University of Michigan Law School alumni,Northwestern Wildcats football players,Pittsburgh Steelers players,American football defensive ends,American football defensive tackles,1989 births,Living people,People from Stillwater, Minnesota,Players of American football from Minnesota

paragraph: Brian Arnfelt

paragraph: Brian Dale Arnfelt (born October 11, 1989) is a former defensive end who played for the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL).

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Arnfelt attended Stillwater Area High School in Stillwater, Minnesota, where he was a captain of the varsity football and track and field teams. He was also a member of the National Honor Society.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Arnfelt played defensive line for the Northwestern Wildcats. He was a team captain for his senior year, and was also an Academic All-American selection. As a senior, Arnfelt lead the Wildcats to their first bowl victory since 1948 and a 10-3 record, finishing 17th in the AP Poll and 16th in the Coaches Poll.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Arnfelt impressed scouts at Northwestern's pro day on March 5, 2013. He ran a 4.81 second 40-yard dash and bench pressed 225 lbs for 38 reps.

paragraph: Following the 2013 NFL Draft on April 27, 2013, Arnfelt signed a free agent contract with the Pittsburgh Steelers. After spending time on the Steelers practice squad in 2013, Arnfelt was promoted to the active roster on December 14, 2013.

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Brian Arnfelt

wikipedia_title: Brian Arnfelt


text:
rallycross
Thorverton
Devon
Liam Doran
British Rallycross Champion
European Rallycross Championship
Will Gollop
Pikes Peak International Hill Climb
Lydden Hill Race Circuit
Kentish
motorsport

categories: European Rallycross Championship drivers,English racing drivers,Living people,1959 births

paragraph: Pat Doran

paragraph: Patrick Doran (born 5 June 1959) is a British rallycross driver of Irish origin, living in Thorverton, Devon. His oldest son, Liam Doran, became a rallycross driver too.

paragraph: Doran, sometimes nicknamed "Plastic Paddy", is a former four-time British Rallycross Champion. Doran was also the runner-up in the European Rallycross Championship in 1992, behind Will Gollop, also from Great Britain. He also raced a Ford RS200 in the Pikes Peak International Hill Climb.

paragraph: Calling Lydden Hill Race Circuit his home, in 2008 he became the owner of the Kentish motorsports venue.

wikidata_label: Pat Doran

wikipedia_title: Pat Doran


text: fisheries

text: Biloxi

text: Mississippi

text: University of Southern Mississippi

text: bachelor of science

text: mathematics

text: geology

text: University of Tennessee

text: United States Coast and Geodetic Survey

text: commission

text: ensign

text: survey ship

text: United States Government

text: United States Weather Bureau

text: United States Navy

text: University of Rhode Island

text: master's degree

text: fisheries

text: Continental Shelf

text: rear admiral

text: fixed-wing aircraft

text: President

text: Ronald Reagan

text: Kelly E. Taggart

text: United States Senate

text: Department of Commerce Silver Medal

text: Washington, D.C.

text: Department of Commerce Silver Medal

categories: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps admirals,American aviators,Environmental Science Services Administration personnel,1935 births,University of Southern Mississippi alumni,American mathematicians,United States Coast and Geodetic Survey personnel,People from Biloxi, Mississippi,American geologists,University of Rhode Island alumni,Living people

paragraph: Francis D. Moran

paragraph: Rear Admiral Francis D. "Bill" Moran (born 8 April 1935) is a retired career officer who served in the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Corps, its successor, the Environmental Science Services Administration Corps (ESSA Corps), and the ESSA Corps's successor, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps (NOAA Corps). He served as the third Director of the NOAA Corps.

paragraph: During his career, Moran created and led two new National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) aviation units, and also established the first fisheries program for NOAA personnel.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Moran was born in Biloxi, Mississippi, on 8 April 1935. He graduated from the University of Southern Mississippi in 1960 with a bachelor of science degree in mathematics and geology. After graduating, he was awarded an assistantship at the University of Tennessee.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In 1961, Moran joined the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, accepting a commission as an ensign in the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Corps. In the following years, he served on five survey ships of the Coast and Geodetic Survey fleet.

paragraph: On 13 July 1965, a new United States Government scientific agency, the Environmental Science Services Administration (ESSA), was created. Under the reorganization that created ESSA, both the Coast and Geodetic Survey and the United States Weather Bureau, although retaining their independent identities, came under the control of ESSA, and the Coast and Geodetic Survey Corps was removed from the Coast and Geodetic Survey and subordinated directly to ESSA, becoming the Environmental Science Services Administration Corps (ESSA Corps). As of that date, Moran became an officer of the new ESSA Corps. On 3 October 1970, ESSA was abolished and replaced by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Under the reorganization that accompanied the creation of NOAA, the Coast and Geodetic Survey was abolished and its functions were transferred to various parts of the new NOAA organization. The ESSA Corps became the new National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps (NOAA Corps), and Moran became a NOAA Corps officer.

paragraph: Moran served as chief of NOAA's Pacific Tides Party and as NOAA liaison to the United States Navy from 1970 to 1973. In 1974, he attended the University of Rhode Island full-time, graduating that year with a master's degree in marine affairs; during his time at the university, he established and attended the first fisheries program for NOAA personnel. From 1975 to 1981, he was assigned to the NOAA Research Facilities Center, where he established and served as chief of the Helicopter Operations Group, which supported the Outer Continental Shelf Energy Assessment Program. From 1982 to 1983, Moran was the executive assistant in the Office of the Deputy Administrator of NOAA. From 1983 to 1986, he was the first director of NOAA's new Office of Aircraft Operations, bringing together five semi-autonomous NOAA aviation units to create the new office, and by the end of that tour was a rear admiral who had amassed over 6,000 hours in flight time and was the only NOAA Corps officer qualified in every type of helicopter and fixed-wing aircraft in the NOAA inventory.

paragraph: On 17 June 1986, President Ronald Reagan nominated Moran to succeed Rear Admiral Kelly E. Taggart as Director of the NOAA Corps. Confirmed by the United States Senate that year, he served as director until his retirement in 1990.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Moran and his wife have two children.

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: Department of Commerce Silver Medal

paragraph: In a ceremony on 20 November 1986 in Washington, D.C., Moran received the Department of Commerce Silver Medal for his work during his 1983-1986 tour as director of the new Office of Aviation Operations.

wikidata_label: Francis D. Moran

wikipedia_title: Francis D. Moran


text: Serious Fraud Office

text: Christ's Hospital

text: St. Catharine's College, Cambridge

text: Defence Intelligence

text: called to the Bar

text: barrister

text: Recorder

text: Queen's Counsel

text: Customs and Excise

text: HM Revenue and Customs

text: Revenue and Customs Prosecutions Office

text: Crown Prosecution Service

text: Richard Alderman

text: Serious Fraud Office

text: SFO

text: Lisa Osofsky

text: Queen's Birthday Honours for 2011

text: Companion of the Order of the Bath

text: Queen's Birthday Honours in 2018

text: Knight Bachelor

text: Serious Fraud Office (United Kingdom)

text: Criminal justice

categories: People from London,English criminal law,Living people,British judges,Queen's Counsel 2001–,English Queen's Counsel,English barristers,People educated at Christ's Hospital,British prosecutors,21st-century British lawyers,International criminal law scholars,British Queen's Counsel,English lawyers,Members of the Middle Temple,1954 births,20th-century British lawyers

paragraph: David Green (Director of the SFO)

paragraph: Sir David John Mark Green (born 8 March 1954) is a British lawyer and prosecutor, who served from 2012 until 2018 as the Director of the Serious Fraud Office.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Career at the Bar.

paragraph: Educated at Christ's Hospital and then St. Catharine's College, Cambridge, Green initially joined Defence Intelligence in 1975, leaving in 1978, being called to the Bar in 1979 and practising as a barrister. He has served as an assistant Recorder since 1996, and as a Recorder since 2000, when he was also appointed Queen's Counsel.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:RCPO.

paragraph: In 2004, Green was appointed a Director of Customs and Excise, during the creation of HM Revenue and Customs, leading the Revenue and Customs Prosecutions Office (RCPO). He served in that position until 2010, when RCPO started being merged into the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS). He stayed as head until 2011, as the CPS's Director of its Central Fraud Group, being replaced by Sue Patten.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Brief return to private practice.

paragraph: In April 2011, Green returned to private practise, joining 6 King's Bench Walk chambers. Since his return to the Bar, he has been instructed in complex strategic export cases and as disclosure counsel in a substantial revenue fraud.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:SFO.

paragraph: In 2012, Green was appointed to succeed Richard Alderman as the Director of the Serious Fraud Office. Appointing Green as Director of SFO, the Attorney General commented:

paragraph: Green served his original four year term, and was extended for two years in February 2016. Announcing extension of his appointment, The Attorney General commented:

paragraph: As of 2015, Green was paid a salary of between £170,000 and £174,999, making him one of the 328 most highly paid people in the British public sector at that time.

paragraph: Green left the SFO in April 2018, being replaced temporarily by the chief operating officer, Mark Thompson, and from September 2018 by Lisa Osofsky. On 22 October 2018, Green joined Magic Circle law firm Slaughter and May as a Senior Consultant.

paragraph: Section::::Notable awards and rankings.

paragraph: In the Queen's Birthday Honours for 2011, he was appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB). As part of the Queen's Birthday Honours in 2018, Green was made a Knight Bachelor.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Serious Fraud Office (United Kingdom)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Criminal justice

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- An interview with Green in "Fraud" magazine from November 2013

description: British barrister

wikidata_label: David John Mark Green

wikipedia_title: David Green (Director of the SFO)