text:
Azerbaijani
Red Army
Senior Sergeant
Hero of the Soviet Union
Lvov–Sandomierz Offensive
Staszów
Battle of Berlin
Bülbülə
Kushchular
Baku
Soviet invasion of Poland
Winter War
Rostov-on-Don
55th Guards Tank Brigade
7th Guards Tank Corps
Lvov–Sandomierz Offensive
Zhovkva Raion
Vistula
Baranów Sandomierski
Staszów
Order of Lenin
Battle of Berlin
Boleslawiec
Lachin

categories: People from Baku,Recipients of the Order of Lenin,Heroes of the Soviet Union,Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner,Soviet military personnel killed in World War II,1945 deaths,1916 births,Soviet military personnel of World War II from Azerbaijan

paragraph: Avaz Verdiyev

paragraph: Avaz Hashim oglu Verdiyev (; 19161 May 1945) was an Azerbaijani Red Army Senior Sergeant and a Hero of the Soviet Union. Verdiyev was awarded the title on 23 September 1944 for his actions during the Lvov–Sandomierz Offensive. During the offensive, he reportedly raised the red flag at the Staszów town hall during its capture. Verdiyev was seriously wounded in the Battle of Berlin and died of wounds on 1 May 1945.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Verdiyev was born in 1916 in Bülbülə to a working-class family. He was orphaned at the age of three. Verdiyev then moved to Kushchular. At the age of 20 he returned to Baku, working at the Ordzhonikidze Engineering Plant, where he studied at a school for working youth. In 1939 Verdiyev was drafted into the Red Army. He fought in the Soviet invasion of Poland and the Winter War. He was demobilized in 1940 and returned to Baku, working at the plant.

paragraph: Section::::World War II.

paragraph: Verdiyev was drafted into the Red Army again in June 1941. He fought in combat from December on. During fighting near Rostov-on-Don Verdiyev was wounded. A few months later, after recovering from his wound, Verdiyev returned to the front. He fought in battles in Ukraine and Poland. From 1944 he served with the infantry battalion of the 55th Guards Tank Brigade of the 7th Guards Tank Corps. He became a submachine gun squad leader and Senior Sergeant.

paragraph: He fought in the Lvov–Sandomierz Offensive during the summer of 1944. On 22 July, during the attack on Kulikov in Zhovkva Raion, Verdiyev and his squad reportedly bypassed the German positions. They reportedly used grenades to destroy two medium machine guns and two mortars, allowing the battalion's advance. On 31 July his squad crossed the Vistula near Baranów Sandomierski. Verdiyev helped capture a bridgehead on the left bank and his squad reportedly destroyed two German machine guns. On 2 August, during the battle for Staszów, the squad advanced to the German firing positions and with grenades reportedly destroyed a machine gun and three mortars. Verdiyev reportedly advanced into the city riding on the hull of a tank. Along with the tank commander, he reportedly hoisted a red flag over the town hall, capturing two German soldiers. On 23 September Verdiyev was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union and the Order of Lenin.

paragraph: During the storming of Zehlendorf, a suburb of Berlin, during the Battle of Berlin, Verdiyev was seriously wounded on 26 April 1945. He died on 1 May at the hospital. He was buried in the city of Boleslawiec in Poland.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Busts of Verdiyev were placed at his home in Baku and in Lachin. A plaque was placed on the factory where he worked.

wikidata_label: Avaz Verdiyev

wikipedia_title: Avaz Verdiyev


text:
Austria
footballer
defender
SKN St. Pölten

categories: Association football defenders,Floridsdorfer AC players,Austrian footballers,1997 births,Living people

paragraph: Matthias Hager

paragraph: Matthias Hager (born November 14, 1997) is an Austrian footballer who currently plays as a defender for the reserve team of SKN St. Pölten.

description: Austrian footballer

wikidata_label: Matthias Hager

wikipedia_title: Matthias Hager


text:
King of Aquitaine
King of West Francia
Charles the Bald
Ermentrude of Orléans
Charles the Child
Aquitaine
West Francia
Holy Roman Emperor
Hincmar
archbishop of Reims
Pope John VIII
Troyes
pope
Barcelona
Girona
Besalú
Wilfred the Hairy
Vikings
Carloman II
Louis III of France
Erispoe
Brittany
Ansgarde of Burgundy
Louis
Carloman
West Francia
Charles the Simple
Adelaide of Paris

categories: 9th-century French monarchs,Kings of West Francia,Dukes of Maine,846 births,Counts of Meaux,9th-century people from West Francia,Frankish warriors,Frankish kings of Burgundy,9th-century monarchs in Europe,879 deaths

paragraph: Louis the Stammerer

paragraph: Louis II, known as Louis the Stammerer (; 1 November 846 – 10 April 879), was the King of Aquitaine and later the King of West Francia. He was the eldest son of emperor Charles the Bald and Ermentrude of Orléans. Louis the Stammerer was physically weak and outlived his father by only two years.

paragraph: He succeeded his younger brother Charles the Child as the ruler of Aquitaine in 866 and his father in West Francia in 877, but he was never crowned Holy Roman Emperor.

paragraph: Louis was crowned king on 8 October 877 by Hincmar, archbishop of Reims, at Compiegne and was crowned a second time in August 878 by Pope John VIII at Troyes while the pope was attending a council there. The pope may have even offered him the imperial crown, but it was declined. Louis had relatively little impact on politics. He was described "a simple and sweet man, a lover of peace, justice, and religion". In 878, he gave the counties of Barcelona, Girona, and Besalú to Wilfred the Hairy. His final act was to march against the invading Vikings, but he fell ill and died on 9 April or 10 April 879, not long after beginning this final campaign. On his death, his realms were divided between his two sons, Carloman II and Louis III of France.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: During the peace negotiations between his father and Erispoe, duke of Brittany, Louis was betrothed to an unnamed daughter of Erispoe in 856. It is not known if this was the same daughter who later married Gurivant. The contract was broken in 857 after Erispoe's murder.

paragraph: Louis was married twice. His first wife Ansgarde of Burgundy had two sons: Louis (born in 863) and Carloman (born in 866), both of whom became kings of West Francia, and three daughters: Hildegarde (born in 864), Gisela (865–884) and Ermentrude (874-914).

paragraph: He had a posthumous son, Charles the Simple, by his second wife, Adelaide of Paris, who would become, long after his elder brothers' deaths, king of West Francia.

description: King of Burgundy

wikidata_label: Louis the Stammerer

wikipedia_title: Louis the Stammerer


text: Member of Parliament

text: Warwickshire

text: George Throckmorton

text: Nicholas Vaux

text: Elizabeth FitzHugh

text: Sir Nicholas Throckmorton

text: Robert Throckmorton

text: Henry VIII's

text: Catherine Parr

text: Warwick

text: Warwickshire

text: Devizes

text: Sudbury

text: West Looe

text: Kenilworth Castle

text: Haseley

text: Warwickshire

text: attainder

text: Duke of Northumberland

text: Muscovy Company

text: Queen Mary

text: Job

text: Puritan

text: Marprelate Tracts

text: Edward Neville

text: Andrew Windsor, 1st Baron Windsor

text: Tudor Place

text: thepeerage.com

categories: People of the Muscovy Company,English MPs 1542–1544,English MPs 1547–1552,English MPs 1559,English MPs 1553,1573 deaths,English MPs 1553 (Edward VI),English MPs 1572–1583,English MPs 1563–1567,English MPs 1571,English MPs 1545–1547,Throckmorton family,People of the Tudor period,English landowners,1510s births

paragraph: Clement Throckmorton (died 1573)

paragraph: Clement Throckmorton (ca. 1512 – 1573) was an English landowner and Member of Parliament in the middle years of the 16th century.

paragraph: A member of a distinguished Warwickshire family, son of Sir George Throckmorton and his wife Catherine Vaux (daughter of Nicholas Vaux and Elizabeth FitzHugh) and the brother of the influential diplomat Sir Nicholas Throckmorton and Robert Throckmorton and cousin of Henry VIII's last Queen, Catherine Parr, Throckmorton sat in nine Parliaments between 1542 and 1572, representing Warwick four times and Warwickshire twice as well as three other scattered boroughs (Devizes, Sudbury and West Looe). He also had a successful military record, and was appointed Constable of Kenilworth Castle in 1553, a post he held until his death. He acquired the estate of Haseley in Warwickshire in 1554 from his uncle, who had himself acquired it from the Crown after the attainder of its previous owner, the Duke of Northumberland. He also enhanced his fortune through successful trading, and was a founder member of the Muscovy Company.

paragraph: Throckmorton was a reliable but moderate Protestant, although one of his brothers remained a Catholic, which cast a shadow of doubt over Clement's allegiances, and he himself was loyal to Queen Mary while she was on the throne. However, his son, Job, was later one of the most active lay supporters of the Puritan opposition, and was deeply involved in the publication of the Marprelate Tracts. He married Katherine Neville, daughter of Sir Edward Neville of Addington and Eleanor Windsor, daughter of Sir Andrew Windsor, 1st Baron Windsor.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- J E Neale, "The Elizabethan House of Commons" (London: Jonathan Cape, 1949)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Victoria County History of Warwickshire", Volume 3: Barlichway hundred, Parishes: Haseley

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tudor Place

paragraph: BULLET::::- thepeerage.com

description: English politician

wikidata_label: Clement Throckmorton

wikipedia_title: Clement Throckmorton (died 1573)


text: FRSE

text: mathematician

text: Scotland

text: Royal Society of Edinburgh

text: Tayport

text: St Andrews University

text: David Gregory

text: Regius Professor of Mathematics

text: University of Saint Andrews

text: John West

text: mathematical analysis

text: St Andrews

text: University of Saint Andrews

categories: 18th-century mathematicians,People from Tayport,Academics of the University of St Andrews,18th-century Scottish people,1737 births,1807 deaths,Alumni of the University of St Andrews

paragraph: Nicolas Vilant

paragraph: Prof Nicolas Vilant FRSE (1737-1807) was a mathematician from Scotland in the 18th century, known for his textbooks. He was a joint founder of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1783.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was baptised in Ferryport-on-Tay (now called Tayport) on 12 June 1737, the son of Rev William Vilant, the local minister (but of French descent), and his second wife, Jean Wilson. He studied Mathematics at St Andrews University from 1752 under Prof David Gregory.

paragraph: Vilant was Regius Professor of Mathematics in the University of Saint Andrews from 1765 to his death in 1807. Often ill, he was unable to teach most of this time, and lectures were taught by assistants, among them John West. Under Newtonian tradition, he was unable to follow the continental developments in mathematical analysis, like most of his British contemporaries.

paragraph: He died in St Andrews on 25 May 1807.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: He married Elizabeth Brand around 1770. Two of their sonse attended St andrews University.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: He was a good mathematician, and his textbooks were very popular until the first years of the 19th century. The most renowned was "The Elements of Mathematical Analysis, Abridged for the Use of Students", first printed in 1777 and used as a university textbook from 1783, reprinted for student use.

paragraph: There are many manuscripts conserved in the archives of the University of Saint Andrews.

description: Scotish Mathematician

wikidata_label: Nicolas Vilant

wikipedia_title: Nicolas Vilant


text:
Minerva Academy
Watergraafsmeer
1910 World Fair in Brussels
art nouveau
Hagen
Kunstgewerbeschule
First World War
Quellinusschool
Dirk Hubers
Harm Kamerlingh Onnes
Piet Wiegman
Frans Wildenhain
Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen
Rijksmuseum
Princessehof Ceramics Museum
List of Dutch ceramists
Nienhuis, Lambertus (Bert)

categories: Dutch designers,Dutch jewelry designers,1873 births,1960 deaths,Dutch ceramists

paragraph: Bert Nienhuis

paragraph: Lambertus (Bert) Nienhuis (14 November 1873 in Groningen – 1960 in Amsterdam) was a Dutch ceramist, designer and jewelry designer.

paragraph: Section::::Life and work.

paragraph: Nienhuis was born in Groningen as the son of the broker Lambertus Nienhuis (1834–1890) and Alberdina Good House (1835–1875). He was educated at the Minerva Academy in his hometown and then at the State School of Applied Arts in Amsterdam. In 1895 he worked for the stoneware factories De Distel in Amsterdam. A year later he founded Lotus Tile Bakery in Watergraafsmeer. His company was taken over in 1901 by De Distel, and Nienhuis became in charge of the decorative department. His invention of a matte glaze was quickly adopted by other factories.

paragraph: From 1905 Nienhuis lecturer at the School of Applied Arts in Haarlem. He began that year with jewelry design for the jewelry firm Hoeker & Son. For one of his designs he was awarded a silver medal at the 1910 World Fair in Brussels. In his early jewelry design, until 1912, Nienhuis used simple abstracted natural ornaments in both the decoration and in the shape. He especially worked with gold, precious stones and enamel work. His ornaments are considered examples of the Dutch art nouveau.

paragraph: In 1912 Nienhuis moved from Haarlem to the German city of Hagen, where he was a teacher at a newly established Kunstgewerbeschule. He got his own studio and plenty of space to experiment with new materials and techniques. He produced ceramic sculptures. In 1916 he returned to the Netherlands, partly because of the First World War. In 1917 he was appointed teacher at Quellinusschool, which he would remain until his retirement in 1934. In this time as an independent potter, he made unica with characteristic simple forms.

paragraph: In 1953 Nienhuis Dirk Hubers, Harm Kamerlingh Onnes, Piet Wiegman and Frans Wildenhain took part in the exhibition "five contemporary potters" in Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen, which was one of the first museum presentations of modern artisan ceramics in the Netherlands.

paragraph: The portrait photographer Bert Nienhuis (born 1944) from Amsterdam is a grandchild of Bert Nienhuis.

paragraph: Section::::Work in public collections (selection).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rijksmuseum Amsterdam

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princessehof Ceramics Museum

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Dutch ceramists

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nienhuis, Lambertus (Bert), at capriolus.nl.

alias:
Lambertus Nienhuis
Bert Lambertus Nienhuis
Bert Nienhuis (1873-1960)

description: Dutch jewelry designer (1873-1960)

wikidata_label: Bert Nienhuis

wikipedia_title: Bert Nienhuis


text:
stock car racing
NASCAR
Camping World Truck Series
Toyota Tundra
ThorSport Racing
K&N Pro Series
UNOH Battle at the Beach
Daytona International Speedway
Calgary
Alberta
go-karts
Edmonton
American
North Dakota
Nevada
Washington
Montana
K&N Pro Series West
NASCAR
Ryan Blaney
Chase Elliott
Dylan Kwasniewski
Corey LaJoie
Kyle Larson
Daniel Suárez
UNOH Battle at the Beach
Toyota All-Star Showdown
Daytona
All American Speedway
K&N Pro Series East
Richmond
NASCAR Canadian Tire Series
D. J. Kennington
K&N Pro Series East
Turner Scott Motorsports
Chevrolet Impala
Dylan Kwasniewski
Ben Rhodes
Evergreen Speedway
Camping World Truck Series
Chevrolet Silverado
Canadian Tire Motorsports Park
Ontario
Loudon
ThorSport Racing
Toyota Tundra
Jeb Burton
Erik Jones

categories: NASCAR drivers,1996 births,Living people,Racing drivers from Alberta

paragraph: Cameron Hayley

paragraph: Cameron Hayley (born July 21, 1996) is a Canadian professional stock car racing driver. He last competed full-time in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series, driving the No. 13 Toyota Tundra for ThorSport Racing. Hayley won the K&N Pro Series race at the inaugural UNOH Battle at the Beach at Daytona International Speedway in 2013.

paragraph: Section::::Early and personal life.

paragraph: Hayley grew up in Calgary, Alberta. At age 4, he began running practice laps in go-karts. Hayley began racing competitively in karts in 2004 at age seven, finishing 3rd in his first event. He would go on to win both the Rookie of the Year award and championship in Calgary's Junior 1 Championships. Hayley won both the Calgary and Edmonton Jr. Championships the next year. Hayley won his third straight Calgary championship in 2006, winning every karting event he entered. From 2007 to 2010, he competed in Mini-Max karts, several divisions of the Miniature Motorsports Racing Association (MMRA), Legends cars, and Super Late Models. Hayley would compete in events in the American states of North Dakota, Nevada, Washington, and Montana.

paragraph: Hayley's family owns Hayley Industrial Electronics Ltd. (founded in 1978) as well as longtime sponsor Cabinets by Hayley, a Canadian company which produces steel cabinets. According to Haley, the latter business was started by his father to fund his racing career.

paragraph: Section::::Racing career.

paragraph: In 2011, at the age of 15, Hayley began racing in the regional K&N Pro Series West for longtime owner Bill McAnally. Hayley became the youngest driver ever to run a NASCAR sanctioned race. Hayley ran four races that season, and the full 2012 season for McAnally, scoring seven top fives and 11 top tens in total. Hayley was also named to the NASCAR Next 9, along with future national series drivers Ryan Blaney, Chase Elliott, Dylan Kwasniewski, Corey LaJoie, Kyle Larson, and Daniel Suárez. For 2013, Hayley moved to Glen Price Motorsports. Hayley won the exhibition UNOH Battle at the Beach (the successor to the Toyota All-Star Showdown) at Daytona to open the season. Hayley scored his first points-paying West Series victory at All American Speedway. The win, along with 6 poles and 12 top five finishes led Hayley to a second-place finish in points. Hayley also made his debut in the K&N Pro Series East at Richmond, and ran two races in the NASCAR Canadian Tire Series for D. J. Kennington.

paragraph: For 2014, Hayley moved to the K&N Pro Series East full-time with Turner Scott Motorsports, driving the No. 98 Chevrolet Impala that had won the championship the year before with Dylan Kwasniewski. Hayley earned a pole and seven top fives to finish second in points behind teammate Ben Rhodes.

paragraph: Also in 2014, Hayley made the drive to Evergreen Speedway in Monroe, WA for the 2014 Summer Showdown with his Cabinets By Hayley Super Late Model team. He started on the pole and led every lap to claim the $25,000 winners purse.

paragraph: Section::::Racing career.:Camping World Truck Series.

paragraph: Hayley would also make his national series debut in the Camping World Truck Series in TSM's No. 32 Chevrolet Silverado at Canadian Tire Motorsports Park in Ontario. Hayley ran three races for TSM in the Truck Series, with at sixth-place finish at Loudon.

paragraph: For 2015, Hayley was signed by ThorSport Racing to drive their No. 13 Toyota Tundra, replacing Jeb Burton. He had a solid season by finishing 6th in points, runner up to Erik Jones for the rookie of the year title. Hayley returned to ThorSport Racing in 2016, where he finished tenth in points with 24 top-ten finishes. He left the team after the season ended.

paragraph: Section::::Motorsports career results.

paragraph: Section::::Motorsports career results.:NASCAR.:Canadian Tire Series.

paragraph: Season still in progressbr

wikidata_label: Cameron Hayley

wikipedia_title: Cameron Hayley


text: American Wrestling Association

text: AWA Midwest Heavyweight Championship

text: 1 time

text: AWA Midwest Tag Team Championship

text: 3 times

text: St. Louis Wrestling Club

text: NWA United National Championship

text: Championship Wrestling From Florida

text: NWA Florida Heavyweight Championship

text: 1 time

text: NWA Austra-Asian Tag Team Championship

text: 9 times

text: Bob Griffin

categories: Wrestlers at the 1956 Summer Olympics,Professional wrestlers who competed in the Olympics,American male professional wrestlers,1933 births,Pan American Games gold medalists for the United States,1997 deaths,Oklahoma Sooners wrestlers,People from Taylor County, Wisconsin,Wrestlers at the 1960 Summer Olympics,Pan American Games medalists in wrestling,American male sport wrestlers,Professional wrestlers from Wisconsin,Olympic wrestlers of the United States

paragraph: Dale Lewis (wrestler)

paragraph: Dale Folsom Lewis (August 29, 1933 – August 30, 1997) was an American wrestler who competed in the Greco-Roman heavyweight division at the 1956 and 1960 Olympics. He won the 1959 Pan-American Games in this event.

paragraph: Section::::Championships and accomplishments.

paragraph: BULLET::::- American Wrestling Association

paragraph: BULLET::::- AWA Midwest Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- AWA Midwest Tag Team Championship (3 times) - with Stan Pulaski (2) and Francis St. Claire (1)

paragraph: BULLET::::- George Tragos/Lou Thesz Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame

paragraph: BULLET::::- Class of 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- St. Louis Wrestling Club

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA United National Championship (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Championship Wrestling From Florida

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Florida Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

paragraph: BULLET::::- World Championship Wrestling (Australia)

paragraph: BULLET::::- NWA Austra-Asian Tag Team Championship (9 times) - with Bob Griffin (1 time)

description: American professional and amateur wrestler

wikidata_label: Dale Lewis

wikipedia_title: Dale Lewis (wrestler)


text:
professional baseball
pitcher
St. Louis Cardinals
Major League Baseball
Major League Baseball
Chicago Cubs
Colorado Rockies
Los Angeles Dodgers
Seattle Mariners
Toronto Blue Jays
Clackamas, Oregon
Forest Grove High School
Chemeketa Community College
Tampa Bay Rays
2009 Major League Baseball Draft
Chemeketa Community College
Matt Garza
Fernando Perez
Chicago Cubs
Sam Fuld
Chris Archer
Hak-Ju Lee
Brandon Guyer
Robinson Chirinos
Iowa Cubs
Colorado Rockies
Matt Carasiti
New York Mets
Citi Field
Jon Gray
Los Angeles Dodgers
immaculate inning
Seattle Mariners
Safeco Field
Seattle, Washington
Seattle Mariners
Toronto Blue Jays
Los Angeles Dodgers
St. Louis Cardinals

categories: Oklahoma City Dodgers players,Albuquerque Isotopes players,Arizona League Cubs players,Colorado Rockies players,Hudson Valley Renegades players,People from Clackamas, Oregon,Gulf Coast Rays players,Los Angeles Dodgers players,Rancho Cucamonga Quakes players,Tennessee Smokies players,Chicago Cubs players,Seattle Mariners players,Major League Baseball pitchers,Living people,Iowa Cubs players,American expatriate baseball players in Canada,Daytona Cubs players,1988 births,People from Forest Grove, Oregon,Baseball players from Oregon,Peoria Chiefs players,Princeton Rays players

paragraph: Zac Rosscup

paragraph: Zachary Martin Rosscup (born June 9, 1988) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the St. Louis Cardinals of Major League Baseball (MLB). He previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs, Colorado Rockies, Los Angeles Dodgers, Seattle Mariners, and Toronto Blue Jays.

paragraph: Section::::Amateur career.

paragraph: Born in Clackamas, Oregon, Rosscup attended Forest Grove High School. Rosscup later attended Chemeketa Community College for two seasons, before being drafted in the MLB. During his freshman season at Chemeketa, Rosscup held a 1.55 ERA and earned numerous honors.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Tampa Bay Rays.

paragraph: Rosscup was drafted by the Tampa Bay Rays in the 28th round of the 2009 Major League Baseball Draft out of Chemeketa Community College. The Rays traded Rosscup with Matt Garza and Fernando Perez to the Chicago Cubs for Sam Fuld, Chris Archer, Hak-Ju Lee, Brandon Guyer, and Robinson Chirinos in 2011.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Chicago Cubs.

paragraph: Rosscup was called up to the majors for the first time on September 3, 2013. In ten games he had an ERA of 1.35, but started the 2014 season at Triple A Iowa Cubs. Rosscup was called up again on April 16, 2014, to be available for the Chicago Cubs day-night doubleheader.

paragraph: On September 23, 2014, Rosscup was credited with his first career win in a walk off Cubs victory against the St. Louis Cardinals.

paragraph: He resigned a minor league deal on December 9, 2016. Rosscup was designated for assignment on June 22, 2017, and traded to the Colorado Rockies for Matt Carasiti on June 26.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Colorado Rockies.

paragraph: Rosscup made his début as a Rockie against the New York Mets at Citi Field, July 14, 2017, after Jon Gray was forced out of the game in the third inning.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Los Angeles Dodgers.

paragraph: On July 11, 2018, Rosscup was claimed off waivers by the Los Angeles Dodgers. On August 19, 2018, Rosscup threw an immaculate inning against the Seattle Mariners at Safeco Field in Seattle, Washington. In 17 games for the Dodgers, he struck out 20 batters in innings. He was designated for assignment on November 20, 2018 and released the following day.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Seattle Mariners.

paragraph: On December 20, 2018, Rosscup signed a one-year contract with the Seattle Mariners. In 14 innings, he struck out 20 while inducing 14 walks. Rosscup was designated for assignment on May 17, 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Toronto Blue Jays.

paragraph: On May 23, 2019, Rosscup was claimed on waivers by the Toronto Blue Jays. He was designated for assignment on May 28. He was outrighted to Buffalo on June 2, but elected free agency rather than report.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Second Stint With Dodgers.

paragraph: On June 12, 2019, Rosscup signed a minor league deal with the Los Angeles Dodgers. The Dodgers added him to the MLB roster on June 27. On July 15, he was designated for assignment by the Dodgers. On July 29th, He was traded to the St. Louis Cardinals for Cash Considerations.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:St. Louis Cardinals.

paragraph: On July 29, 2019, he was traded to the St. Louis Cardinals for cash considerations.

description: baseball player

wikidata_label: Zac Rosscup

wikipedia_title: Zac Rosscup


text:
geologist
California State University Long Beach
volcanology
economic geology
mineralogy
astrobiology
Urey
Shoemaker
Kuiper

categories: American geologists,2014 deaths,Planetary scientists,1925 births

paragraph: Jack Green (geologist)

paragraph: Jack Green (18 June 1925 – 5 September 2014) was a geologist and geology professor at California State University Long Beach. His active research covered topics such as general volcanology and economic geology, as well as mineralogy, lunar protolife, lunar volcanism, water on the moon and astrobiology. His passion for volcanology and the moon primarily involved trying to prove that lunar craters were volcanic rather than the results of asteroid impacts, and therefore, there would be water on the moon which would support life. He collaborated with Urey, Shoemaker, Kuiper and others during the "Space Age" heyday, and was active in planning several conferences on remote sensing and the moon.

paragraph: Jack Green became best known for his 1971 book, co-edited with Nicholas Short, "Volcanic landforms and surface features, a photographic atlas and glossary." Later publications included "Implications for Lunar Volcanism and Proto-Life Based on Discoveries of Lunar Water" (2010) and

paragraph: the paper "Academic Aspects of Lunar Water Resources and Their Relevance to Lunar Protolife" (2011).

description: American geologist

wikidata_label: Jack Green

wikipedia_title: Jack Green (geologist)


text: lifestyle brand

text: Abercrombie & Fitch

text: topographer

text: New York

text: Ezra Fitch

text: California

text: Abercrombie & Fitch

text: abercrombie

text: Baltimore, Maryland

text: Scottish

text: Scotland

text: Baltimore City College

text: West Virginia

text: Abercrombie Co.

text: Manhattan, New York

text: New York

text: businessperson

text: Ezra Fitch

text: Baltimore

text: Newark, New Jersey

text: Greenwood Lake

text: Brooklyn, New York

text: Ossining, New York

text: New York City

text: intestate

text: Hudson River

text: lifestyle brand

text: collegiate

text: Abercrombie & Fitch

text: American

text: Abercrombie & Fitch

text: moose

text: Ezra Fitch

text: Christmas

text: abercrombie

text: Ezra Fitch

text: The New York Times

categories: 1931 deaths,Retail company founders,Businesspeople from Baltimore,Baltimore City College alumni,Abercrombie & Fitch,1867 births,American people of Scottish descent

paragraph: David T. Abercrombie

paragraph: David Thomas Abercrombie (June 6, 1867 – August 29, 1931) was the founder of the American lifestyle brand Abercrombie & Fitch. A topographer and expert in the outdoors, Abercrombie opened the Company as New York's outfitter for the elite and later partnered up with co-founder Ezra Fitch – both men managed the Company through great years of success. After leaving the company, Abercrombie lived the remainder of his life in California with his family until his death.

paragraph: Today, his company, Abercrombie & Fitch Co. remains as a prominent American clothing brand. A brand in his name was released by the company in 1998 – abercrombie.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.:Birth, studies, and family.

paragraph: David T. Abercrombie was born in Baltimore, Maryland on June 6, 1867 as the son of John and Elizabeth Sarah Abercrombie (née Daniel). He was of Scottish descent as his father John was born in Scotland and his maternal grandfather was also from Scotland. His children: Elizabeth, born 1897; Lucy, born 1899; David, born 1901 ; Abbott, born 1909. He has many descendants, including some from Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada. He was educated in the public schools of Baltimore and by private instructors. Abercrombie later came to study at Baltimore City College and became a practicing civil engineer and topographer, including explorer and chief of survey for Norfolk & Western Railroad in the coal and timber lands of West Virginia.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.:Abercrombie & Fitch Co..

paragraph: On June 4, 1892, he founded Abercrombie Co. as a small waterfront shop at No.36 South Street in downtown Manhattan, New York; where wealthy New York businessperson Ezra Fitch was one of his regular customers. On April 25, 1896, Abercrombie married Lucy Abbot Cate in Baltimore. The couple gave birth to four children: Elizabeth, Lucy, David, and Abbott. The Abercrombie family resided in Newark, New Jersey for some years and maintained a log cabin getaway on Pine Island on Greenwood Lake, New Jersey. Later they resided in Brooklyn, New York and finally in Ossining, New York.

paragraph: In 1900, Fitch bought a share into the successfully growing Abercrombie Company. In 1904, it was incorporated and renamed "Abercrombie & Fitch Co." Abercrombie later entered into disputes with Ezra Fitch over Fitch's visions of expanding the Company to appeal to the general public, as Abercrombie sought to maintain the Company's standing as an elite store for the elite outdoorsman. Possibly as a result of this rift, Abercrombie left the Company in 1907, selling his share of it to Fitch.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.:Post A&F and death.

paragraph: In 1917, Abercrombie joined Baker, Murray & Imbrie ("The Sporting Goods Store of Expert Personal Service") as Vice President. He later founded the "David T. Abercrombie Company", a New York City sportsmen’s outfitter, and "Abercrombie Corporation", which packed commodities for export. He died intestate in Ossining at his country estate, a stone castle named Elda, overlooking the Hudson River. The building has since fallen into disrepair.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: David Abercrombie's influence in his company has remained as a greater part of it, even after Abercrombie's departure and the company's 1960s-1970s financial issues. Repositioned in the 1980s as a lifestyle brand for the collegiate, Abercrombie & Fitch remains today as a cultural American brand. Although altered to accommodate its promoted image of "Casual Luxury", Abercrombie & Fitch continues to reference to its original image of its early years with the Abercrombie moose and "sexy" male ruggedness. Abercrombie's name is often used as an abbreviated form of the Company's name and is used frequently more than Ezra Fitch's "Fitch" (e.g. "Abercrombie Christmas 2007", "abercrombie.com", "the Abercrombie lifestyle...", etc.). When the Company released a children's version of the A&F brand, abercrombie, it chose to name it after Abercrombie.

paragraph: Unlike Ezra Fitch, Abercrombie's name has never been used for clothing lines and other products for the A&F brand (Fitch's lines have been removed).

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ezra Fitch

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Bibliography

paragraph: BULLET::::- "D.T. Abercrombie, Sportsman, is Dead; Originator of Noted Firm Dealing in Sporting Goods--Was Explorer, Hunter, Fisherman." "The New York Times" (August 30, 1931), p. N6

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Abercrombie Left Estate of $10,793; Founder of Sporting Goods Firm Bequeathed Property to Widow and Three Children", "The New York Times" (March 12, 1932) p. 6

paragraph: Notes

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Photo of David Abercrombie's Ossining castle

description: Founder of Abercrombie & Fitch

wikidata_label: David T. Abercrombie

wikipedia_title: David T. Abercrombie


text:
Persian
Herodotus
Histories
Megabyzus I
Darius I
Babylon
Darius I
satrap
Homer
Odysseus
Troy
cuneiform
Megabyzus
Livius.org: Zopyrus

categories: 6th-century BC Iranian people,Military leaders of the Achaemenid Empire

paragraph: Zopyrus

paragraph: Zopyrus (; ) (c. 500 BC) was a Persian nobleman mentioned in Herodotus' "Histories".

paragraph: He was son of Megabyzus I, who helped Darius I in his ascension. According to Herodotus, when Babylon revolted against the rule of Darius I, Zopyrus devised a plan to regain control of the vital city. By cutting off his own nose and ears, and then having himself whipped, he arrived at the court of Darius. Upon presenting himself to Darius, the king stood up from his throne, shocked at the state of Zopyrus, and asked who had done this to him. Zopyrus then said that he had mutilated himself. Darius asked "Are you fool enough to think that the mutilation of your body can hasten our victory? When you did that to yourself you must have taken leave of your senses." At this Zopyrus explained his plan, he would go before the people of Babylon and proclaim himself an exile and deserter of the Persian army punished by Darius himself. Seeing that the mutilation had already been done, Darius agreed and so Zopyrus put his plan into action. The Babylonian soldiers allowed him passage into the city and brought him before the chief princes of Babylon. The Babylonians, seeing a man of his high rank mutilated, took his contrived story as absolute fact. Gaining the Babylonians' trust, Zopyrus soon became commander-in-chief of their army, allowing him to weaken the city's defenses. He then led soldiers under his charge into an ambush where Darius slaughtered them. The gates undefended, Darius' armies victoriously reconquered the city. Zopyrus was made satrap and Darius "rewarded him with the highest honours, giving him every year the sort of gifts which are most prized amongst the Persians".

paragraph: The veracity of the account is debatable. First, the story resembles Homer's description of Odysseus, who spied on Troy after mutilating himself. Second, no cuneiform sources mention Zopyrus as satrap of Babylon.

paragraph: According to Herodotus, Zopyrus had a son named Megabyzus who "deserted from the Persian army and came to Athens".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Livius.org: Zopyrus

wikidata_label: Zopyrus

wikipedia_title: Zopyrus


text: Prince of Benevento

text: Mezzogiorno

text: Pandulf Ironhead

text: Spoletan

text: Sico

text: Saracens

text: Sorrento

text: Naples

text: Amalfi

text: Pactum Sicardi

text: Andrew II of Naples

text: Saint Bartholomew

text: Lipari Islands

text: Saint Trofimena

text: Minori, Italy

text: Radelchis

text: Siconulf

text: Salerno

text: Guaifer of Salerno

text: Gwatkin, H.M.

text: Whitney, J.P.

text: Cambridge University Press

text: "Lexikon des Mittelalters" VII.1833

categories: Princes of Salerno,Lombard warriors,839 deaths,Princes of Benevento,9th-century Lombard people,9th-century rulers in Europe,Assassinated Italian people

paragraph: Sicard of Benevento

paragraph: Sicard (died 839) was the Prince of Benevento from 832. He was the last prince of a united Benevento which covered most of the Mezzogiorno. On his death, the principality descended into civil war which split it permanently (except for very briefly under Pandulf Ironhead from 977 to 981). He was the son and successor of the Spoletan Sico.

paragraph: He warred against the Saracens and his neighbours continually, especially Sorrento, Naples, and Amalfi. He was the strongest military and economic power in the region. By the "Pactum Sicardi" of 4 July 836, he signed a five-year armistice with the three aforementioned cities and recognised the right of travel of their merchants. Nonetheless, war continued. In a war of 837 with Duke Andrew II of Naples, the latter called in the first Saracens as allies and a trend began, drawing more and more Moslems into Christian wars on the peninsula. He also captured Amalfi in 838 by sea.

paragraph: Despite his warmaking, he was also a builder. He built a new church in Benevento and to equip it with relics, rescued those of Saint Bartholomew, then in the Lipari Islands, from the Saracens by hiring some Amalfitan merchants to retrieve them. In his capture of Amalfi, he took the relics of Saint Trofimena, recently brought there from Minori, Italy.

paragraph: Sicard was assassinated in 839 and the treasurer Radelchis immediately proclaimed himself prince. But Sicard's brother, Siconulf, whom he had imprisoned, broke out and was proclaimed prince in Salerno; a ten-year civil war ensued. Sicard's wife Adelchisa's brother Guaifer of Salerno aided Siconulf.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gwatkin, H.M., Whitney, J.P. (ed) et al. "The Cambridge Medieval History: Volume III". Cambridge University Press, 1926.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Art of "Mercantantia": Medieval Commerce and Culture in Southwestern Italy

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lexikon des Mittelalters" VII.1833

description: Italian prince

wikidata_label: Sicard of Benevento

wikipedia_title: Sicard of Benevento


text: Trier

text: Archbishop

text: Trier

text: Imperial

text: Investiture Controversy

text: Lorraine

text: Vaucourt

text: Lunéville

text: French

text: Meurthe-et-Moselle

text: Lord

text: Cistercian

text: abbey

text: Freistroff

text: Château Saint-Sixte

text: Hildegard of Bingen

text: chapter

text: cathedral of Trier

text: Provost

text: St. Andrew's Church

text: Köln

text: Aachen Cathedral

text: Emperor

text: Frederick I Barbarossa

text: Italy

text: Third Lateran Council

text: Romanesque

text: Abbey of Himmerod

text: Seck

text: Archmonastery

text: Vogt

text: Merzig

text: Sciva

text: fell

text: Saar River

text: Mettlach

text: Montclair

text: Poppo of Babenberg

text: fief

text: Baldwin of Luxembourg

text: Folmar of Karden

text: Rudolf of Wied

categories: 12th-century Roman Catholic archbishops,Archbishops of Trier,1183 deaths

paragraph: Arnold I of Vaucourt

paragraph: Arnold I of Vaucourt (, ) ("circa" 1120 – May 25, 1183 in Trier), was the Archbishop of Trier from 1169 to 1183. He took a pro-Imperial position in the Investiture Controversy of the twelfth century. As archbishop, Arnold was accounted a capable ruler, by turns thrifty and generous, with a genuine concern for his church and his domain.

paragraph: Born into the Rhenish nobility of the upper Lorraine (probably in Vaucourt, near Lunéville in the modern French "département" of Meurthe-et-Moselle), Arnold was most likely the child of the Lord ("Seigneur, Ritter") Wirich of Vaucourt (the founder of a (no longer extant) Cistercian abbey at Freistroff and builder of the Château Saint-Sixte), and thus related to several celebrated personalities of the time ("e.g." Hildegard of Bingen, with whom Arnold corresponded). He was a "capitular" (member of the chapter) of the cathedral of Trier and Provost of St. Andrew's Church in Köln, later becoming a canon of the Aachen Cathedral as well. In 1169 he was elected as Archbishop of Trier at the wish of the Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa, to whom Arnold proved a clever counselor and a loyal and doughty partisan throughout his life, accompanying his master on several campaigns into Italy. While on one of these Italian sojourns, Arnold took part in the Third Lateran Council in 1179.

paragraph: He took a particular interest in building up the ecclesiastical structures of his bishopric. On June 1, 1178 he presided over the consecration of the Romanesque Abbey of Himmerod. In 1181 he documented that the Seligenstatt Monastery in Seck had been donated to the Archmonastery of Trier.

paragraph: In 1180, Arnold granted permission to the Vogt of Merzig (as it happened, his cousin, Arnulf de Walecourt), to reconstruct the fortress on the Sciva ("Ship") fell on the Saar River near Mettlach, calling the new castle "Montclair". (This stronghold had lain waste since the feud of his predecessor Poppo of Babenberg with the anti-archbishop Adalbero of Luxembourg.) This unfortunately gave the first impulse to a struggle between Arnold's German kin, who claimed the castle as a family fief, and the Archbishops of Trier, who claimed it as a dependency of the archbishopric; their strife lasted some two centuries, culminating in the devastation of Montclair under Archbishop Baldwin of Luxembourg.

paragraph: Upon Arnold's death in Trier in May 1183, the succession to the Archbishopric fell into dispute between Folmar of Karden and Rudolf of Wied.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Arnold I. von Valancourt in den Saarländischen Biografien (in German)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (in German)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (in German)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (in German)

paragraph: BULLET::::- (in German)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Notes

wikidata_label: Arnold I. von Valcourt

wikipedia_title: Arnold I of Vaucourt


text:
Lom
Honoratus Halling
Else Halling
cand.theol.
University in Christiania
Kristiania
Olav
Order of St. Olav

categories: University of Oslo alumni,1866 births,People from Lom,1938 deaths,Norwegian principals

paragraph: Sigurd Halling

paragraph: Sigurd Halling (20 July 1866 – 25 July 1938) was a Norwegian educator.

paragraph: He was born in Lom to Honoratus Halling and Marie Henrikke Bomhoff, and was an uncle of Else Halling.

paragraph: He graduated as cand.theol. from the University in Christiania in 1892. He worked as teacher and headmaster at various schools in Kristiania. From 1907 he was in charge of both Otto Anderssen's private school and the Conradi Sisters' girl school. These were united and renamed to "Halling's School". He was the principal teacher for prince Olav from 1913 to 1921. He was decorated as Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 1921.

wikidata_label: Sigurd Halling

wikipedia_title: Sigurd Halling


text: rugby league

text: Super League

text: Catalans Dragons

text: 2000 World Cup

text: Villeneuve Leopards

text: Australian Kangaroos

text: Catalans Dragons

text: 2006 Challenge Cup

text: Catalans Dragons

text: Trent Robinson

text: Sydney Roosters

text: Super League

text: Huddersfield Giants

categories: France national rugby league team players,Villeneuve Leopards players,French rugby league coaches,Catalans Dragons coaches,Catalans Dragons players,1977 births,Sportspeople from Lot-et-Garonne,Rugby league five-eighths,Living people,French rugby league players,People from Villeneuve-sur-Lot

paragraph: Laurent Frayssinous

paragraph: Laurent Frayssinous (born 7 May 1977) is a French professional rugby league coach and former player. He is the former head coach of Super League club Catalans Dragons.

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.

paragraph: He represented France in the halves in the 2000 World Cup. Whilst playing for Villeneuve Leopards Frayssinous was selected to play at for France on the 2001 France tour of New Zealand and Papua New Guinea. He also played in a match against the touring Australian Kangaroos at the end of the 2005 season, scoring a try and kicking two goals. Frayssinous played for Catalans Dragons when they reached the quarter finals of the 2006 Challenge Cup.

paragraph: Section::::Coaching career.

paragraph: At the end of the 2012 season Laurent Frayssinous was appointed head coach of the Catalans Dragons on a two-year contract, replacing Trent Robinson, who had left to coach the Sydney Roosters. At 35 he was the youngest coach in the Super League at the time, and the first French coach of the Perpignan-based club. On the 22nd May 2017, after a 10-18 defeat to the Huddersfield Giants, he was dismissed by the board of directors at the club.

description: French rugby league footballer and coach

wikidata_label: Laurent Frayssinous

wikipedia_title: Laurent Frayssinous


text: House of Sayn-Wittgenstein

text: Berleburg

text: Margareta Fouché d'Otrante

text: Duc d'Otrante

text: German army

text: campaign against the Soviet Union

text: mission

text: Belarus

text: Orsha

text: missing in action

text: Prince Gustav

text: field officer

text: field-grade officer

text: Rittmeister der Reserve

text: 23rd Panzer-Division

text: Operation Bagration

text: War Merit Cross

text: Princess Benedikte of Denmark

text: Solms-Laubach

text: Moritz, Landgrave of Hesse

categories: 1944 deaths,Princes of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg,1969 deaths,1907 births,House of Sayn-Wittgenstein

paragraph: Gustav Albrecht Alfred Franz Friedrich Otto Emil Ernst, 5th Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg, 28 February 1907 – 1944 (declared legally dead 29 November 1969) was Prince and head of the House of Sayn-Wittgenstein. He was the son of Richard, 4th Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Gustav Albrecht, 5th Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg ("Gustav Albrecht Alfred Franz Friedrich Otto Emil Ernst" as born on 28 February 1907 at Berleburg, Germany. He married Margareta Fouché d'Otrante (28 March 1909 – 25 August 2005), daughter of Charles Fouché, 6th Duc d'Otrante, on 26 January 1934 at Björnlunda, Södermanland Län, Sweden.

paragraph: In June 1944, he was serving as an officer in the German army during the campaign against the Soviet Union. After disappearing during a mission near the Belarusian city of Orsha, Gustav Albrecht was declared missing in action. His family did not seek to have him declared dead until after the birth of his grandson and heir eventual Prince Gustav on 12 January 1969; 29 November 1969 is listed as the official date of death for Gustav Albrecht.

paragraph: He is alternately known as Gustav Albrecht Prinz zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg.

paragraph: Section::::Military service honors.

paragraph: Prince Gustav Albrecht served in the German Army in the rank of field officer/field-grade officer ("Ic-Stabsoffizier") with the title of "Rittmeister der Reserve" in the 23rd Panzer-Division. Nearly two months after his disappearance during Operation Bagration in June 1944, he was awarded the German Cross in Silver ("Kriegsorden des Deutschen Kreuzes in Silber") on 18 August 1944. Additionally, he was awarded the War Merit Cross 1st. class with swords ("Kriegsverdienstkreuz 1. Klasse mit Schwertern"), also known as the KVK 1, which was instituted on 18 October 1939 by Hitler; the date of this honor is not known.

paragraph: Section::::Children.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richard, 6th Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (29 October 1934 – 13 March 2017) married Princess Benedikte of Denmark on 3 February 1968, and they have issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Madeleine of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (22 April 1936) married Otto, Count zu Solms-Laubach, on 29 July 1958, and they have issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince Robin of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (29 January 1938) wed, firstly, Birgitta af Klercker on 29 January 1970 (divorced 4 October 1979); on 29 November 1979 he wed, secondly, Marie-Christine Heftler-Louiche, and they have issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Tatiana of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (31 July 1940) married Moritz, Landgrave of Hesse on 3 June 1964 (divorced 16 October 1974), and they have issue.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Pia of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (8 December 1942).


text: Hundred Years' War

text: 5th Baron Strange

text: Knockin

text: Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel

text: William FitzHugh, 4th Baron FitzHugh

text: seisin

text: Normandy

text: Bordeaux

text: King Henry V's

text: Richard, Earl of Cambridge

text: Lord Scrope

text: Southampton Plot

text: Harfleur

text: Battle of Agincourt

text: William de Ufford, 2nd Earl of Suffolk

text: Orford

text: Suffolk

text: Knight of the Garter

text: Caen

text: Rouen

text: Melun

text: Catherine of Valois

text: Meaux

text: Gerald Harriss

text: Cravant

text: John, Duke of Bedford

text: Regent

text: Ivry

text: Battle of Verneuil

text: Sir John Fastolf

text: Duke of Alençon

text: Vendôme

text: Thomas Montagu, 4th Earl of Salisbury

text: Le Mans

text: Maine

text: Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick

text: Bonneval

text: Earl of Suffolk

text: Dreux

text: Cardinal Henry Beaufort

text: crusade

text: Hussite

text: Duke of Bedford

text: Battle of Patay

text: Henry VI's

text: Beaumont-sur-Oise

text: Lower Normandy

text: Vivoin

text: Saint-Céneri-le-Gérei

text: St. Valéry

text: Bayeux

text: Pont de l'Arche

text: Talbot

text: Scales

text: besieged Saint-Denis

text: Paris

text: Rouen

text: Bastille

text: pilgrimage

text: Holy Land

text: King Henry VI's

text: Margaret of Anjou

text: Lincolnshire

text: William Tailboys

text: Mettingham

text: Suffolk

text: Joan

text: Richard Welles, 7th Baron Welles

text: Richard de Welles, 7th Baron Welles

text: John Montagu, 3rd Earl of Salisbury

text: Joan Willoughby

text: Richard Welles, 7th Baron Welles

text: Rampton, Nottinghamshire

text: Ralph Cromwell, 2nd Baron Cromwell

text: Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury

text: Battle of Wakefield

text: Sir Gervase Clifton

text: Battle of Tewkesbury

text: Tattershall

text: Lincolnshire

categories: 1452 deaths,Barons Willoughby de Eresby,1380s births,Knights of the Garter

paragraph: Robert Willoughby, 6th Baron Willoughby de Eresby ( 1385 – 25 July 1452) was an English nobleman and military commander in the Hundred Years' War.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Robert Willoughby was the son of William Willoughby, 5th Baron Willoughby de Eresby, and his first wife, Lucy le Strange, daughter of Roger le Strange, 5th Baron Strange of Knockin (Shropshire), by Aline, daughter of Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel. He had a younger brother and three sisters:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Thomas Willoughby, who married Joan Arundel, daughter and co-heiress of Sir Richard Arundel by his wife, Alice.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elizabeth Willoughby, who married Henry Beaumont, 5th Baron Beaumont.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Margery Willoughby, who married William FitzHugh, 4th Baron FitzHugh.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Margaret Willoughby, who married Sir Thomas Skipwith.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Willoughby's father, the 5th Baron, died on 4 December 1409. Willoughby, aged 24, succeeded him in the title, and had seisin of his lands 8 February 1410. In 1412/13 he served with Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, on his expedition to Normandy and Bordeaux. In April 1415 he attended the great council which approved plans for King Henry V's invasion of France, and on 5 August 1415 he was among the peers who tried Richard, Earl of Cambridge, and Lord Scrope after the discovery of the Southampton Plot on the eve of invasion. He crossed to France with the King's army, and was present at the taking of Harfleur and at the Battle of Agincourt.

paragraph: At the death on 29 September 1416 of Isabel, widow of William de Ufford, 2nd Earl of Suffolk, he succeeded to the castle and town of Orford and the manors of Parham and Ufford in Suffolk. In December 1417 he was made a Knight of the Garter. From 1417, according to Cokayne, "Complete Peerage", he 'served continually for many years in the French wars'. He was at the siege of Caen in 1417, the siege of Rouen in July 1418, and the siege of Melun from July to November 1420. He accompanied the King back to England in 1421, and was Chief Butler at the coronation of Catherine of Valois on 23 February. According to Cokayne he was at the siege of Meaux from October 1421 to May 1422; however historian Gerald Harriss considers his presence at Meaux uncertain as he was in England gathering reinforcements to take to France in May 1422.

paragraph: On 31 July and 1 August 1423 he participated in the relief of Cravant, personally forcing the passage of the bridge over the Yonne river. He was with John, Duke of Bedford, then Regent, at the surrender of Ivry on 15 August and at the Battle of Verneuil on 17 August 1424, where he and Sir John Fastolf jointly captured the Duke of Alençon. For these services he was rewarded with a grant, on 20 September 1424, of the comté of Vendôme.

paragraph: In July and August 1425 he was with Thomas Montagu, 4th Earl of Salisbury, at the siege of Le Mans, thus completing the conquest of Maine. In July of the following year he was with Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick, at Bonneval. In February 1427/8 he was with the Earl of Suffolk at Dreux.

paragraph: On 17 June 1429 he had licence to accompany Cardinal Henry Beaufort on a crusade against the Hussites. However the forces assembled for the crusade were sent instead to France to assist the Duke of Bedford after the English were defeated at the Battle of Patay on 18 June 1429. He played a major role in Henry VI's coronation expedition in 1430. During this phase of the war the English suffered reverses, and lost ground to the south of Normandy, and on 4 October 1430 Willoughby was granted the "comté" of Beaumont-sur-Oise in compensation for the "comté" of Vendôme.

paragraph: Willoughby was appointed the King's Lieutenant in Lower Normandy before February 1432, where he had mixed success, suffering defeats by the French at Vivoin and the siege of Saint-Céneri-le-Gérei in 1432, but capturing St. Valéry after a siege in July–August 1433. He was Captain of Bayeux in 1433, and of Pont de l'Arche about 1434. In July 1435 he raised a force of 2000 men in England, and with Lords Talbot and Scales besieged Saint-Denis, capturing it in October. He was given command of Paris in October 1435 when Talbot left for Rouen, but for lack of support from English forces was compelled to surrender the Bastille to the French on 17 April 1436.

paragraph: Willoughby campaigned for the last time in 1437, when Warwick personally requested that he accompany Warwick to Normandy. Willoughby had returned to England by the end of 1438. On 17 July 1439 he had licence to make a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, and according to Harriss, may well have done so as his name does not reappear in English records until May 1443.

paragraph: He is said to have been made Master of the King's Hart Hounds in 1441–2. In March 1445 he was one of the peers who escorted King Henry VI's wife, Margaret of Anjou, to England. In his latter years he was involved in conflict over control of Lincolnshire with Sir William Tailboys and his allies.

paragraph: Willoughby died 25 July 1452, aged about 67, without male issue, and was buried in the chantry college at Mettingham, Suffolk. All traces of his tomb have disappeared.

paragraph: Willoughby's only child, Joan, married Richard Welles, 7th Baron Welles (d.1470), by whom she had a son, Sir Robert Welles, and a daughter, Joan Welles. At Willoughby's death, his lands and title descended to his daughter and son-in-law, Richard de Welles, 7th Baron Welles.

paragraph: Section::::Marriages and issue.

paragraph: Willoughby married firstly, before 21 February 1421, Elizabeth Montagu, daughter of John Montagu, 3rd Earl of Salisbury, by whom he had an only daughter, Joan Willoughby, who married Richard Welles, 7th Baron Welles.

paragraph: He married secondly, before 8 January 1449, Maud Stanhope, daughter of Sir Richard Stanhope of Rampton, Nottinghamshire, by his second wife, Maud Cromwell, daughter of Ralph Cromwell, 2nd Baron Cromwell, but had no issue by her. His widow married secondly, Thomas Neville, second son of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, slain 30 December 1460 at the Battle of Wakefield, and thirdly, Sir Gervase Clifton, beheaded 6 May 1471 after the Battle of Tewkesbury. Lady Maud alleged that Sir Gervase Clifton had 'wasted and destroyed' more than £1000 worth of jewels, plate and household goods which she brought to the marriage. She died 30 August 1497, and was buried at the Collegiate Church at Tattershall, Lincolnshire.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Robert Willoughby, 6th Lord Willoughby

description: English baron and soldier of the Hundred Years' War


text:
American
clergyman
Windham, Connecticut
American Revolutionary War
Chaplain
House of Representatives
The Last Men of the Revolution
Syracuse
New York
The Last Men of the Revolution
"Father Waldo's America"

categories: Deaths from falls,1864 deaths,Yale University alumni,People of Connecticut in the American Revolution,American centenarians,People from Windham, Connecticut,People of colonial Connecticut,1762 births,Chaplains of the United States House of Representatives,Clergy in the American Revolution,Burials in New York (state)

paragraph: Daniel Waldo

paragraph: Daniel Waldo (September 10, 1762 – July 30, 1864) was an American clergyman. Born in Windham, Connecticut, Waldo served in the American Revolutionary War and later became a missionary and clergyman. In 1856, at the age of 94, Waldo was named Chaplain of the House of Representatives.

paragraph: It is recorded that he was in good health during his service to the House; he was also one of seven Revolutionary War veterans who, having survived into the age of photography, were featured in the 1864 book "The Last Men of the Revolution" (which gives many more details of his life). Waldo died in Syracuse, New York at the advanced age of 101, of injuries sustained after falling down a flight of stairs, and he was given a memorial in the House itself.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reverend E.B. Hillard, "The Last Men of the Revolution" (1864), republished 1968 with additional notes by Wendell Garrett.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Father Waldo's America"

description: Chaplain to the US House of Representatives

wikidata_label: Daniel Waldo

wikipedia_title: Daniel Waldo


text: American football

text: 1948 Michigan Wolverines football team

text: Flint, Michigan

text: Flint Northern High School

text: Associated Press

text: University of Michigan

text: Fritz Crisler

text: Ray Fischer

text: 1948 Michigan Wolverines football team

text: 1948 Rose Bowl

text: Fritz Crisler

text: 1948 Rose Bowl

text: Associated Press

text: Football Writers Association of America

text: Central Press Association

text: Newspaper Enterprise Association

text: Chicago Bears

text: Genesee County, Michigan

text: 1948 Michigan Wolverines football team

categories: Michigan Wolverines football players,1928 births,Players of American football from Michigan,Michigan Wolverines football coaches,American football offensive guards,1986 deaths

paragraph: Dominic Tomasi

paragraph: Dominic Tomasi (February 11, 1928 - December 1, 1986) was an American football player who played guard for the University of Michigan Wolverines. He was a four-year starter and was selected as both the captain and Most Valuable Player of the National Champion 1948 Michigan Wolverines football team.

paragraph: Section::::High school.

paragraph: A native of Flint, Michigan, Tomasi attended Flint Northern High School. In 1944, at age 16, the 5 foot, 8 inch, 178 pound Tomasi was selected by the Associated Press to its All-Michigan football team at the guard position.

paragraph: Section::::University of Michigan.

paragraph: In 1945, Tomasi enrolled at the University of Michigan where he played both football for Fritz Crisler and baseball for Ray Fischer. Tomasi was a four-year starter for the 1945, 1946, 1947 and 1948 Michigan Wolverines football teams that won 23 straight games (including undefeated seasons in 1947 and 1948), defeated USC, 49-0, in the 1948 Rose Bowl. During his sophomore year, Tomasi's photograph was published in newspapers across the country with a caption calling him "a charging block of granite for the Michigan Wolverines," and he was selected as a second-team All-Big Ten guard by the conference coaches.

paragraph: Before the 1947 season got underway, one writer noted that Tomasi "is back for more and will give anyone a race for All-America honors." The 1947 Michigan Wolverines team completed the season undefeated. The Wolverines outscored their opponents 394-53, and Coach Fritz Crisler credited Tomasi "for much of his team's offensive punch." Tomasi was again named to the second-team All-Big Ten team. Tomasi's blocking in the 1948 Rose Bowl helped Michigan outscore the USC Trojans 49-0, and in March 1948, his teammates elected him to be captain of the 1948 team—the first time a guard had been selected as Michigan's captain in 33 years.

paragraph: In 1948, Tomasi was both team captain and one of the top performers on Michigan's second consecutive undefeated team. In October 1948, one columnist described Tomasi's role as follows:"As long as Michigan has operatives like Dominic Tomasi, the hard-hitting guard who captains the team, the Wolverines will give a good account of themselves. Tomasi isn't big as linemen of the Western Conference run, but he is one of the very best guards in intercollegiate circles. He stands only five, ten and weighs 180 pounds, tops, yet he has been a regular since he began playing as a 17-year-old freshman. Extremely fast, and a deadly blocker, 'Tommy' is the key man of the Wolverine offense. His ability to 'turn corners' at full speed and block with split-second precision means as much yardage to Michigan as if he were an All-America ball carrier. Tomasi is also an outstanding second baseman on Michigan's championship baseball team and his work has attracted several big league scouts. As in football, he has been a regular since 1946. He shows the same hustle and keen competitive instinct on the diamond as he does on the gridiron."

paragraph: The 1948 Wolverine team was undefeated for the second consecutive season and was selected as the National Championship team in the final Associated Press poll. At the conclusion of the 1948 season, Tomasi was selected as the team's Most Valuable Player, a first-team All-Big Ten guard, and a third-team All-American by the Football Writers Association of America, and the Central Press Association and Newspaper Enterprise Association.

paragraph: Section::::Later years.

paragraph: In 1949, Tomasi passed on a chance to play professional football for the Chicago Bears and instead joined Michigan's coaching staff as a line coach. He also played baseball in the Northern loop, batting .340 and hitting 27 home runs.

paragraph: He was inducted into the University of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor in 1994.

paragraph: The University of Michigan Club of Greater Flint awards an annual Dominic Tomasi Scholarship to a resident of Genesee County, Michigan who played a varsity sport and will attend the University of Michigan as a full-time undergraduate student.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- University of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1948 Michigan Wolverines football team

description: American football player and coach

wikidata_label: Dominic Tomasi

wikipedia_title: Dominic Tomasi


text: Iran

text: Prime Minister

text: Bahamani Sultanate

text: Deccan

text: Persia

text: Islamic theology

text: Persian language

text: Mathematics

text: Muhammad III

text: Nizam Shah

text: Muhammad III

text: Surve

text: Surve

text: Sangameshwar

text: Shringarpur

text: Surve

text: Maratha

text: Bidar

text: Mahmud Gawan Madrasa

categories: Bidar,1411 births,People from Gilan Province,History of Mumbai,15th-century Iranian people

paragraph: Mahmud Gawan

paragraph: Mahmud Gawan (1411, Iran - 1481) was a Prime Minister in the Bahamani Sultanate of Deccan. "Khwaja Mahmud Gilani", from the village of "Gawan" in Persia, was well-versed in Islamic theology, Persian language and Mathematics and was a poet and a prose writer of repute. Later, he became a minister in the court of Muhammad III (1463-1482). A storehouse of wisdom, Mahmud enjoyed the trust and confidence of rulers, locals as well as that of foreign kingdoms, who had great respect for Mahmud.

paragraph: His characteristics are as follows: competent and successful general, capable administrator, learned man, patron of art and poetry

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He was very capable and efficient. He was a gifted administrator and a skilled general. Greatly impressed with his military genius, Sultan Humayun Shah had taken him in his service. After Humayun's death, he became the guardian of his minor prince Nizam Shah. He had the reigns of Government in his hands. When the young Sultan died in 1463 and his brother Muhammad III aged 9 succeeded him, Mahmud Gawan served as the prime minister. He effectively put an end to the havoc wrought on the pilgrims of Mecca and on merchants by the fleets of Rana Shankarrao Surve and Rana Neelkanthrao Surve of Khelna (Vishalgarh) and Sangameshwar which were part of Shringarpur jagir of Surve Maratha clan respectively. In 1474, a terrible famine known as "famine of Bijapur" devastated the Deccan. Large number of people fled to Gujarat and Malwa. For 2 years the rains failed and when they came in the third year, scarcely any farmers remained in the country to cultivate the lands. He instated a land revenue system and drastically reduced the power of the nobles.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Campaigns against Vijayanagar.

paragraph: Mahmud Gawan served the state most faithfully and enlarged the kingdom to an extent never achieved before. He conquered Kanchi or Kanjeevaram during the course of campaign against Vijayanagar. He fought successful wars against ruler so Konkan, Sangameshwara, Orissa and Vijayanagar. He captured Goa and Dabhol, the best part of Vijayanagar empire.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Education.

paragraph: He built the great university in Bidar which is known as Mahmud Gawan Madrasa. Almost at the centre of Bidar's Old Town stand the graceful buildings, which bear testimony to the genius and eclecticism of Mohammad Gawan. A linguist and a mathematician, he, together with carefully chosen scientists, philosophers and religious seers, created a distinguished religious school. His extensive library boasted of 3,000 manuscripts.

paragraph: This madarasa had a 242 ft length, 222 ft width and 56 ft height three-storied building with a monumental minaret, a mosque, labs, lecture halls and students' cells overlooks an immense courtyard with arches on every side giving it a graceful facade. Many of the blue tiles on the mosque's outer walls have been pilfered. The minaret is elegant with Samarkhand-like domes here and there.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: There were two factions of nobles: The Deccanis (Of local origin) and Afaqis. (Of Foreign origin). Mahmud was an Afaqi, so he faced many challenges. Unfortunately, plots were hatched to topple him by the Deccanis, the nobles forged a treasonous document purportedly from him. In a drunken state the Sultan ordered him executed in April 1481. "With him departed all the cohesion and power of the Bahmani Sultan."

paragraph: Later the Sultan regretted his hasty decision and buried his Prime Minister with honours.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: A Russian traveller, Athanasius Nikitin, who visited Bidar, has recorded that Mohammad Gawan's mansion was guarded by a hundred armed men and ten torchbearers.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Greater Bombay District Gazetteer (Muhammedan Period)

description: Iranian poet

wikidata_label: Mahmud Gavan

wikipedia_title: Mahmud Gawan


text:
Danish
glass
Holmegaard Glass Factory
Danish
glass

paragraph: Per Lütken

paragraph: Per Lütken was a Danish glassmaker (1916–1998), most famous for his works at Holmegaard Glass Factory (""Holmegaard Glasværk"" in Danish).

paragraph: Lütken has set his signature on the history of Danish glassmaking, designing more than 3,000 pieces of glass for Holmegaard, a company for whom he worked from 1942 and until his death in 1998.

paragraph: Amongst the best known series created by him are "Ideelle", "Skibsglas", "No. 5", "Selandia" and "Charlotte Amalie", all of which are still selling at high prices throughout the world. They are all regarded as design icons, and are found in many Danish homes to this day.

description: Danish artist

wikidata_label: Per Lütken

wikipedia_title: Per Lütken


text: Italian

text: French

text: House of Gonzaga

text: Federico I Gonzaga

text: Gilbert, Count of Montpensier

text: Charles III, Duke of Bourbon

text: Imperial

text: Emperor Charles V

text: Clement VII

text: Sack of Rome

text: Heptameron

text: Marguerite of Angouleme

text: Francis I of France

text: Margaret of Bavaria

text: Francesco II Gonzaga

text: Isabella d'Este

text: Ludovico III Gonzaga

text: Brandenburg

text: Albert III, Duke of Bavaria

text: Dauphin of Auvergne

text: Viceroy

text: Louis I, Count of Montpensier

text: Louis II, Count of Montpensier

text: Charles III, Duke of Bourbon

text: Dauphin of Auvergne

text: Constable of France

text: Suzanne, Duchess of Bourbon

text: Anne of France

text: Peter II, Duke of Bourbon

text: Duke of Châtellerault

text: Battle of Marignano

text: Renée, Lady of Mercœur

text: Antoine, Duke of Lorraine

text: Pozzuoli

text: Louis XII of France

text: Mantua

text: Cesare Borgia

text: Doge of Venice

text: Isabella d'Este

text: Auvergne

text: Louise Juliana of Nassau

text: Louis XV of France

text: Marie Antoinette

text: Franz Josef I of Austria

text: British

text: ruling houses

text: Hanover

text: Saxe-Coburg-Gotha

text: Windsor

text: Marguerite of Angoulême

text: Heptameron

categories: 1464 births,Italian duchesses,1503 deaths,15th-century Italian people,House of Gonzaga,House of Bourbon,Dauphins of Auvergne,People from Mantua,Countesses of Montpensier

paragraph: Clara Gonzaga

paragraph: Clara Gonzaga, Countess of Montpensier, Dauphine of Auvergne, Duchess of Sessa (Italian: "Chiara Gonzaga"; French: "Claire (de) Gonzague"; 1 July 1464 – 2 June 1503) was an Italian noblewoman of the House of Gonzaga. She was the daughter of Federico I Gonzaga, Marquess of Mantua and the wife of Gilbert, Count of Montpensier.

paragraph: One of her six children was Charles III, Duke of Bourbon, who led the Imperial Army sent by Emperor Charles V against Pope Clement VII in what became the Sack of Rome, and where he was subsequently killed.

paragraph: Clara is one of the characters in the Heptameron, which was written by Marguerite of Angouleme, sister of King Francis I of France.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Clara was born in Mantua on 1 July 1464, the eldest daughter of Federico I Gonzaga, Marquess of Mantua and Margaret of Bavaria (1 January 1442 – 14 October 1479). She had five siblings including Francesco II Gonzaga, Marquess of Mantua whose wife was the celebrated Isabella d'Este.

paragraph: Clara's paternal grandparents were Ludovico III Gonzaga and Barbara of Brandenburg; and her maternal grandparents were Albert III, Duke of Bavaria and Anna of Brunswick-Grubenhagen-Einbeck, daughter of Duke Erich I of Brunswick-Salzderhelden and Elisabeth of Brunswick-Göttingen.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and issue.

paragraph: On 24 February 1482, in Mantua, at the age of seventeen, Clara married Gilbert of Bourbon-Montpensier, who in 1486 succeeded his father as Count of Montpensier and Dauphin of Auvergne. He was also Viceroy of Naples (1495), and the Duke of Sessa. He was the son of Louis I, Count of Montpensier and Joan, Dauphine of Auvergne. The marriage had been arranged by Clara's uncle Francesco Secco of Aragon who accompanied the newly-wed couple from Mantua to Milan on their lengthy journey to their home in France.

paragraph: Gilbert and Clara had six children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Louis II, Count of Montpensier (1483 – 14 August 1501), died unmarried.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Charles III, Duke of Bourbon, Count of Montpensier, Dauphin of Auvergne, Constable of France (17 February 1490 – 6 May 1527 Rome). He led the Imperial Army sent by Emperor Charles V against Pope Clement in what became the Sack of Rome, where he was killed. Married Suzanne, Duchess of Bourbon, daughter of Anne of France and Peter II, Duke of Bourbon. His children by Suzanne all died young.

paragraph: BULLET::::- François, Duke of Châtellerault (1492 – 13 September 1515 at the Battle of Marignano).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Louise de Bourbon, Duchess of Montpensier (1482 – 5 July 1561). By dint of her three brothers having died childless, she became the heiress of the Montpensier county and the Auvergne dauphinate. She was invested as Duchess of Montpensier in February 1538. In 1499, she married as her first husband Andre III de Chauvigny, Prince of Deols, Viscount de Brosse; on 21 March 1504, she married secondly, her cousin Louis of Bourbon, Prince of La Roche-sur-Yon, by whom she had three children.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Renée, Lady of Mercœur (1494 – 26 May 1539), married Antoine, Duke of Lorraine, by whom she had six children.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anne (1495–1510)

paragraph: Section::::Widowhood and death.

paragraph: On 15 October 1496, in Pozzuoli, Italy, Clara's husband Gilbert (who had been the Viceroy of Naples since 1495), died of a fever, leaving her a widow at the age of thirty-two.

paragraph: In 1499, Clara acted as mediator on behalf of her brother Francesco, who sought to form an alliance with King Louis XII of France in order to protect Mantua, which was then being threatened by both Cesare Borgia and the Doge of Venice.

paragraph: She maintained a correspondence with her sister-in-law, Isabella d'Este.

paragraph: Clara died on 2 June 1503. She was not quite thirty-nine years old. She was buried at the Chapelle Saint-Louis in the church of Aigueperse in Auvergne.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Her many descendants included Louise Juliana of Nassau, King Louis XV of France, Marie Antoinette, Franz Josef I of Austria, and the British ruling houses since 1714 (Hanover, Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, and Windsor).

paragraph: Clara Gonzaga appears as a character in Marguerite of Angoulême's book, the Heptameron.

description: Italian noble

wikidata_label: Clara Gonzaga

wikipedia_title: Clara Gonzaga


text:
Native American
sachem
Onondaga nation
Deganawidah
Hiawatha
Iroquois League
Five Nations
New York State
Six Nations
orthography
Cayuga people
Seneca people
Haudenosaunee
Deganawidah
Hiawatha
Great Law of Peace
Canandaigua Lake
Onondaga Lake
Jigonhsasee
Jigonhsasee
wampum
firekeeper
Haudenosaunee
Cayuga
Mohawk
Oneida
Seneca
Tuscarora
American Revolutionary War
George A. Thomas
wampum belt
New York State Museum
anthropologist
NAGPRA
Leon Shenandoah
Syracuse University
Sidney Hill
Onondaga
United States federal court
Upstate New York
Thousand Islands
Syracuse
Pennsylvania
Onondaga Lake
Oneida Nation of New York
Simon Spurrier
The Afterblight Chronicles
Haudenosaunee
sachem
Economy of the Iroquois
Iroquoian languages
Iroquois mythology
Onondaga language
Tribal chief
Tadodaho Sid Hill
Tadodaho Sid Hill, "Our debt to nature"
The Post-Standard

categories: Native American leaders,Onondaga people,Onondaga

paragraph: Tadodaho

paragraph: Tadodaho was a Native American and sachem of the Onondaga nation before the Deganawidah and Hiawatha formed the Iroquois League. According to oral tradition, he had extraordinary characteristics and was widely feared, but he was persuaded to support the confederacy of the Five Nations.

paragraph: His name has since been used as the term, "Tadodaho," to refer to the chief chosen to preside over the Grand Council of the Iroquois League. By tradition, as the Onondaga are the "keepers of the council fire", the chief is chosen from that nation. The position is the most influential Iroquois chief in New York State, where the Six Nations confederacy historically had the most influence. This meaning of the term has been used for centuries.

paragraph: Section::::Legend of Tadodaho.

paragraph: "Tadodaho" was said to be a warrior and primary chief of the Onondaga people. Depending on the speaker's dialect and the writer's orthography, other versions of the name include Adodarhoh, Atartaho, Atotarho, Tatotarho, Thatotarho, and Watatohtahro. In the 1883 work "The Iroquois Book of Rites", edited by Horatio Hale, the term "Atartaho" is said to signify "entangled". In 1889, J. N. B. Hewitt recounted an Iroquois tale which refers to Tadodaho as a "misshapen monster". Jean Houston and Margaret Rubin write in "Manual for the Peacemaker" that Tadodaho had "matted and spiky hair", and that this visage lent itself to legends that he had snakes in his hair. He is said to have had a "twisted body" and could kill his enemies from a distance without seeing them. Tadodaho ruled with fear, and his people believed him to be a sorcerer. He scared his own people and threatened other peoples, including the Seneca and Cayuga nations. Tadodaho successfully led his Onondaga in raids against the nearby Cayuga people and traveled west, and attacked the Seneca people.

paragraph: Peace among the nations of the Haudenosaunee was delayed due to fear of Tadodaho. Deganawidah, of the Huron people, and Hiawatha, of the Onondaga, desired peace among the Haudenosaunee peoples. According to legend, all the chiefs were persuaded except for Tadodaho, who was seen as a hindrance to the Great Law of Peace; he quashed three attempts by Hiawatha to initiate peace discussions among the nations. Hiawatha's daughter died after Tadodaho broke Hiawatha's first attempt to bring together a council, and Hiawatha's second daughter died after Tadodaho foiled the second council. Hiawatha's daughters' deaths were ascribed to Tadodaho's powers. Hiawatha's third daughter died at the council fire of the third meeting, while Tadodaho was present.

paragraph: Hewitt writes in his 1888 recounting that Hiawatha cried: "All my children are now gone from me; they have been destroyed by Tha-do-da-ho, and he has spoiled our plans. It now behooves me to go among other people. I will start now."

paragraph: According to Haudenosaunee legend, Hiawatha and Deganawidah used political and spiritual tactics to garner Tadodaho's support. Hiawatha and Deganawidah walked with the chiefs of the Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, and Onondaga peoples to Canandaigua Lake while singing a song called the "Peace Hymn". When they arrived at Canandaigua Lake, they convinced the Seneca people to join their cause of peace. Houston and Rubin recount a statement by Deganawidah, who asserted that he was ready to go meet with Tadodaho at Onondaga Lake and win him over to his mission of peace, saying:

paragraph: "We must seek the fire and look for the smoke of Tadodaho. He alone stands in our path. His mind is twisted, and there are seven crooks in his body. These must be straightened if the league is to endure."

paragraph: Hiawatha and Deganawidah consulted with Jigonhsasee, also called Mother of Nations, who advised them how to win Tadodaho to their cause. They used a holy medicine ceremony to soothe Tadodaho and heal his mind and body. In one recounting of the story, Jigonhsasee herself spoke privately with Tadodaho. Hiawatha combed the matted portions out of Tadodaho's hair, and Deganawidah massaged Tadodaho's body with herbs and wampum, and smoothed out the seven crooks in Tadodaho's body. After Tadodaho was healed, he permitted the Onondaga people to join the council of peace. Tadodaho joined the League of the Great Peace and was given the title of "firekeeper" of the confederacy; he was chairman of the council of nations. The final steps toward peace were conducted at Onondaga Lake.

paragraph: The Tadodaho legend continues to be told in Haudenosaunee society. It has come to refer to the chief who chairs the council of the Onondaga, called "Tadodaho." Charles L. Henning writes in the work "Hiawatha and the Onondaga Indians", published in 1902 in the periodical "The Open Court":

paragraph: "...the name Tadodaho remained in the tribe, and when a man was obliged to hold the office of head-chief of the Onondagas, he was always called Tadodaho. The Tadodaho is the only proper man to invite the people to the general council of the five nations, and for this reason he is considered the 'fire keeper,' because the Onondagas were the keepers of the great council fire."

paragraph: Section::::Term for spiritual leader.

paragraph: The term "Tadodaho" later was used by the Iroquois to refer to their most influential spiritual leader in New York State; it has been used in this way for centuries. The Tadodaho in New York State is the spiritual leader of the Haudenosaunee, Six Nations that includes the Cayuga, Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Seneca, and Tuscarora people. The post is also called the "Head Chief of All the Six Nations". He presides over the Grand Council of the Haudenosaunee (also called Iroquois). The Great Council Fire of the Iroquois League is still located within the Onondaga reservation in present-day New York. Many of the Iroquois live in Canada, where their ancestors moved after the American Revolutionary War, as they were allies of the defeated British. The Crown gave them some land in compensation for what they lost.

paragraph: Along with other Native American leaders, the Tadodaho is responsible for maintaining the history of the Haudenosaunee people. The position of Tadodaho is a lifetime appointment. According to tradition, when the previous Tadodaho dies, a council of chiefs from the Haudenosaunee chooses a leader from the Onondaga people.

paragraph: Section::::Contemporary leaders and issues.

paragraph: As Tadodaho in 1968, George A. Thomas demanded the return to the Iroquois of 25 wampum belts that were held by the New York State Museum. Thomas said:

paragraph: "it was wrong for our grandfathers to give away the wampum. The wampum tells of old, old agreements and passes on the thoughts of our grandfathers. We would like to see them. Our people would like to touch them."An anthropologist described the conflict as "the great wampum war", and the issue affected the relationship between the Iroquois people, the New York State Museum, and academia. Thomas had emphasized spiritual leadership and said the wampum belts represented important traditions for the people. This was in the period of Native American activism that led to passage of NAGPRA, federal legislation to protect Native American cultural resources and encourage museums to return remains and grave goods to the nations.

paragraph: On December 7, 1968, Leon Shenandoah was selected as the next Tadodaho. He worked in daily life as a custodian at Syracuse University. Shenandoah asserted both the political responsibilities and spiritual nature of his role. He opposed any of the Haudenosaunee's entering into gambling enterprises, warning of the moral problems associated with such decisions. He was highly respected for his spiritual leadership and, when he died in 1996, his death was mourned by Native Americans across the United States. He had served as Tadodaho for over 25 years during a period of major changes among the Iroquois and other Native American nations, who have been reasserting sovereignty.

paragraph: In 2002, Sidney Hill was selected as the Tadodaho. He has been active in land claim cases in New York, by which the Iroquois nations have sought return or compensation for lands they were forced to cede to New York in the aftermath of the American Revolutionary War. The federal courts have upheld some land claim cases.

paragraph: In 2005, Hill led a group of Onondaga to file papers in United States federal court claiming land ownership over in Upstate New York. The ownership assertion by the Onondaga included land along Lake Ontario from the Thousand Islands through Syracuse, to the border of Pennsylvania, and including Onondaga Lake. Hill wanted to highlight the desire of his people to see Onondaga Lake restored to environmental health.

paragraph: In May 2013, Tadodaho Hill sent a letter to several Iroquois communities in an effort to guide their relation to the Confederacy and its traditional principles. He (and others) have opposed the Oneida Nation of New York's May 16, 2013 agreement with New York State that would involve the tribe's putting their land in trust, accepting New York taxes, and additional New York jurisdiction over their affairs, as part of a deal to gain gambling. (According to Doug George-Kanentiio, a Mohawk journalist, this tribe is not officially part of the Haudenosaunee, as it did not exist when the Confederacy was formed.)

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rick, the protagonist of Simon Spurrier's novel, "The Culled" (2006, book 1 of The Afterblight Chronicles), belongs to the Haudenosaunee people and is guided through crises by the sachem. Another character, named Hiawatha, saves Rick's life and advises him the Tadodaho have said Rick and Hiawatha's courses are "aligned".

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Economy of the Iroquois

paragraph: BULLET::::- Iroquoian languages

paragraph: BULLET::::- Iroquois mythology

paragraph: BULLET::::- Onondaga language

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tribal chief

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tadodaho Sid Hill, Syracuse Peace Council website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tadodaho Sid Hill, "Our debt to nature", letter to the editor of "The Post-Standard", hosted at website of Onondaga Peace Festival

wikidata_label: Tadodaho

wikipedia_title: Tadodaho


text:
Neretva
Drina
Grand Duke of Bosnia
Stjepan Vukčić Kosača
Vlatko Vuković
Radič Sanković
King Ladislaus of Naples
Dalmatia
Republic of Venice
Balkans
Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund
King of Bosnia
Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić
Stefan Lazarević
Balša III
Dubrovnik
Kingdom of Bosnia
Pavle Radenović
Ottoman Empire
Ishak Bey
Saint Blaise
King Stephen Tvrtko II
Dorothy Garai
Stjepan Vukčić Kosača

wikipedia_title:
Neretva
Drina
Grand Duke of Bosnia
Stjepan Vukčić Kosača
Vlatko Vuković
Radič Sanković
Ladislaus of Naples
Dalmatia
Republic of Venice
Balkans
Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
List of rulers of Bosnia
Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić
Stefan Lazarević
Balša III
Dubrovnik
Kingdom of Bosnia
Pavle Radinović
Ottoman Empire
Ishak Bey
Saint Blaise
Tvrtko II of Bosnia
Dorothy Garai
Stjepan Vukčić Kosača

categories: 1435 deaths,Kosača noble family,1370 births,Grand Dukes of Bosnia

paragraph: Sandalj Hranić

paragraph: Sandalj Hranić Kosača (; 1370 – 15 March 1435) was a Bosnian magnate who ruled the area between the Neretva and the Drina rivers in Bosnia and served the court as the "Grand Duke of Bosnia" between 1392 and his death in 1435. He was married three times, but had no children. After his death, he was succeeded by his nephew Stjepan Vukčić Kosača.

paragraph: Section::::Marriages and foreign policy.

paragraph: As the head of the House of Kosača, Sandalj Hranić succeeded his uncle Vlatko Vuković in 1392.

paragraph: In 1403, Radič Sanković led the attacks on Dubrovnik during the Bosnian-Ragusan War in the name of King Stephen Ostoja. Sandalj Hranić captured and blinded Radič, and held him in prison until his death in 1404. When King Ladislaus of Naples sold his rights to the kingdom of Dalmatia to the Republic of Venice and retreated from the Balkans in 1409, many local nobles allied themselves with Holy Roman Emperor Sigismund and accepted Stephen Ostoja as King of Bosnia. This seriously weakened the position of Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić, whose niece Katarina was Sandalj's second wife. In such circumstances Sandalj also allied with Emperor Sigismund in mid 1411 and decided to establish closer connections with Sigismund's important ally Stefan Lazarević by marrying his widowed sister Jelena. Sandalj divorced Katarina in December 1411 and married Jelena at the end of the same year. This marriage had its important political consequences because Hranić, the most dangerous enemy of Balša III, became his stepfather and protector. With this marriage Hranić spoiled the relations with Hrvoje but strengthened traditionally close relations with Lazarević family. Jelena went to live with her husband in Herzegovina and Balša remained as the only governor of Zeta. Although Jelena was ih her forties, Sandalj left a deposit in Dubrovnik for a son or daughter he hoped they would have.

paragraph: After 1419 Sandalj became the most powerful man in the Kingdom of Bosnia. After he took part in the conspiracy to kill Pavle Radenović in 1415, Hranić came in conflict with Pavlović family. In fighting against them, he allied with Ottoman Empire. In 1420 Ishak Bey organized unsuccessful campaign in Bosnia to support Sandalj's struggle against his enemies.

paragraph: At the beginning of February 1426 a special ceremony was dedicated to Duke Sandalj and Duchess Jelena in Dubrovnik, when they attended the feast of Saint Blaise, the city's patron saint. Sandalj often had conflicts with King Stephen Tvrtko II, even refusing to attend his wedding to the Hungarian-born Dorothy Garai in 1428.

paragraph: Sandalj died childless in 1435. He was succeeded by his nephew Stjepan Vukčić Kosača, son of his brother Vukac.

description: Head of House of Kosača

wikidata_label: Sandalj Hranić

wikipedia_title: Sandalj Hranić


text: pitcher

text: Major League Baseball

text: San Francisco Giants

text: California Angels

text: Bobby Jenks

text: Mark Buehrle

text: Yusmeiro Petit

text: his perfect game

text: University of Southern California

text: Dave Kingman

text: NCAA

text: Bachelor's degree

text: Business Administration

text: Philadelphia Phillies

text: New York Yankees

text: Pittsburgh Pirates

text: Minnesota Twins

text: no-hitter

text: perfect game

text: Bob Moose

text: St. Louis Cardinals

text: Bernie Carbo

text: National League

text: earned run average

text: shutouts

text: complete game

text: innings pitched

text: Chicago White Sox

text: Edmonton Trappers

text: Sacramento State University

text: Granite Bay, California

text: soccer

text: University of Portland

text: Women's United Soccer Association

text: San Jose CyberRays

text: Santa Clara University

text: Washington Freedom

text: Boston Red Sox

wikipedia_title: National Collegiate Athletic Association

categories: USC Trojans baseball players,Amarillo Giants players,1948 births,Edmonton Trappers players,California Angels players,Baseball players from California,Rochester Red Wings players,People from Lynwood, California,Major League Baseball pitchers,San Francisco Giants players,Phoenix Giants players,Living people

paragraph: Jim Barr

paragraph: James Leland Barr (born February 10, 1948) is a former right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the San Francisco Giants (1971–1978, 1982–1983) and California Angels (1979–1980). He is perhaps best known for setting a record for consecutive batters retired (41, later tied by Bobby Jenks in 2007, and then broken by Mark Buehrle on July 28, 2009 and again by Yusmeiro Petit on August 28, 2014). Barr remains the only pitcher to retire as many as 41 consecutive batters in the course of only two games; his streak began in the third inning of a complete-game win and extended through the seventh inning of another complete-game win (Beurhle's streak included his perfect game and the starts before and after, while the streaks of Jenks and Petit included a number of relief appearances).

paragraph: Barr attended the University of Southern California (USC), where his teammates included Dave Kingman, and helped lead their baseball team to a pair of NCAA championships in 1968 and 1970. He graduated from USC in 1970 with a Bachelor's degree in Business Administration. After previously being drafted five times (by the California Angels, Philadelphia Phillies, New York Yankees, Pittsburgh Pirates, and Minnesota Twins), he was selected by the San Francisco Giants in the third round of the 1970 amateur draft (Secondary Phase) and signed with the club that summer.

paragraph: The Giants called Barr up from the minors midway through the 1971 season, and he posted a 1-1 record and a 3.57 ERA in 17 appearances out of the bullpen. He joined the team's rotation in the middle of 1972 and, despite never pitching a no-hitter or perfect game, that summer set the record for consecutive batters retired. Over the course of two starts, on August 23 and August 29, he retired 41 players in a row. On August 23 against the Pittsburgh Pirates, he walked opposing pitcher Bob Moose to lead off the third inning and then retired the final 21 batters to end the game with a 2-hitter. In his next start, he retired the first 20 St. Louis Cardinals in order before Bernie Carbo earned a seventh-inning double. He won that game too, with a complete game 3-hitter.

paragraph: Barr went on to win at least ten games for the Giants in five straight seasons, from 1973 to 1977. During that time, he finished in the National League's top ten three times for earned run average and shutouts, twice for complete games and innings pitched, and led the league in 1974 with 1.76 BB/9IP. Following the 1978 campaign, he became a free agent and signed with the California Angels.

paragraph: After winning 10 games in his first year with the Angels, Barr struggled with arm injuries in 1980 and was released prior to the 1981 season. He then signed with the Chicago White Sox and played part of the year for their Edmonton Trappers farm club before being let go again. He made a big league comeback with the Giants in 1982 and appeared in 53 games in both that season and the next.

paragraph: Since ending his playing days, Barr was the pitching coach at Sacramento State University for 16 years. He currently lives with his wife, Susie, in Granite Bay, California.

paragraph: Barr's athletic predisposition has been passed on to his daughters, Betsy and Emmy. Both have played soccer collegiately and professionally. Betsy played soccer at the University of Portland and was a member of the Women's United Soccer Association (WUSA) after being drafted by the San Jose CyberRays in 2003. Emmy went to Santa Clara University and played three seasons with the Washington Freedom of the WUSA. Additionally, his brother, Mark Barr, pitched in the Boston Red Sox farm system for several years in the 1970s.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball individual streaks

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Baseball Almanac

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003 "San Francisco Chronicle" article on Barr and his daughters

paragraph: BULLET::::- Retrosheet

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Jim Barr

wikipedia_title: Jim Barr


text:
Rome
Sardinia
hip hop
Sangue Misto
Neffa
trilogy
Pardo
rap
solo
Articolo 31

wikipedia_title:
Rome
Sardinia
Hip hop music
Sangue Misto
Neffa
Trilogy
Pardo
Hip hop music
Album
Articolo 31

categories: Italian rappers,People from Sardinia,Living people

paragraph: DJ Gruff

paragraph: DJ Gruff, also known as Gruffetti (real name Sandro Orrù, born in Rome but from a Sardinian family) is an Italian hip hop artist.

paragraph: Section::::Solo musical career.

paragraph: Gruff musical debut in the Italian rap scene is with the Sangue Misto hip hop band (together with Neffa and Deda, two other notable Italian hip hop characters). The work he did with Sangue Misto made him nationwide famous in Italy.

paragraph: DJ Gruff official solo debut is "Rapadopa" in 1993, today regarded as milestones in the genre. After the album "Zero Stress" in 1997, Gruff produces "I Tre Tocchi", a trilogy that marks a stylistic evolution in Italian turntable scene.

paragraph: A bit later the LP "Il Suono della Strada" comes out, along with a single of the same name. The guitarist of Casino Royale, Pardo, participates to the album: this marks the beginning of the collaboration of DJ Gruff with the band, with a mix of rap and drum'n'bass sound.

paragraph: The last widely circulated Gruff album is "O tutto o niente" (1999). Later DJ Gruff dedicates himself to the production of underground projects (Puruchan battle breaks, Tiffititaff, The Worst Hits of Gruffettalco and many others). He also produced a couple of songs for the soundtrack of the Italian film Zora the vampire.

paragraph: Aside working as a solo artist, Gruff is also a member of the turntablist collective Alien Army.

paragraph: Section::::Solo musical career.:Articolo 31 controversy.

paragraph: In 1998 DJ Gruff wrote the song "1 vs 2", a verbal assault against Articolo 31, a famous Italian rap band. They took him to court, and successfully had the song pulled.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rapadopa (1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zero Stress (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Il Suono Della Strada (1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- O Tutto O Niente (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tiffititaff (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Svarioni Premeditati (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Karasau Kid (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pecorino Sardo (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Scientific Experiment (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lowdy '82 / '03 (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Frikkettonism (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Uno (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sandro O.B. (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Phonogruff (2010)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- English translation of the '1vs2' lyrics

description: Italian rapper

wikidata_label: DJ Gruff

wikipedia_title: DJ Gruff