text: imperial Roman

text: senator

text: consul

text: Domitian

text: Hadrian

text: patronage

text: Legio XII Fulminata

text: recorder of the minutes of the Senate

text: Governor of Britannia

text: Antonine Wall

text: Hadrian's Wall

text: gens Neratia

text: Saepinum

text: Samnium

text: Lucius Neratius Priscus

text: Lucius Neratius Priscus

text: Marcus Hirrius Fronto Neratius Pansa

text: Corellia Hispulla

text: Quintus Corellius Rufus

text: Domitia Vettilla

text: Lucius Domitius Apollinaris

text: Lucius Corellius Neratius Pansa

text: tresviri monetalis

text: vigintiviri

text: patricians

text: Xanthos

text: Lycia

text: legatus Augusti pro praetore

text: adlected

text: Roman census

text: curator acta senatorum

text: quaestor

text: collegia

text: Salius Palatinus

text: Roman Kingdom

text: tribunus laticlavius

text: Legio XII Fulminata

text: Cappadocia

text: praetor

text: suffect consul

text: Domitian

text: Ronald Syme

text: curator aquarum urbis

text: Roman Britain

text: military diploma

text: Agricola

text: Legio II Adiutrix

text: Trajan

text: First Dacian War

text: vexillatio

text: Newstead

text: Antonine Wall

text: Stanegate

text: Pliny the Younger

text: Suetonius

text: tribune

text: Vindolanda

text: Anthony Birley

text: consul ordinarius

text: Hadrian

text: Historia Augusta

categories: 2nd-century deaths,2nd-century Romans,Roman governors of Britain,Ancient Romans in Britain,1st-century births,1st-century Romans,Imperial Roman consuls,Neratii

paragraph: Lucius Neratius Marcellus

paragraph: Lucius Neratius Marcellus ("fl". 1st century – 2nd century AD) was an imperial Roman military officer and senator who held a number of posts in the Emperor's service. Marcellus was elected consul twice, first under Domitian in 95AD and again under Hadrian in 129. His life provides several examples of how patronage operated in early Imperial Rome.

paragraph: He was a consul in 95AD, succeeding the Emperor Domitian, and again in 129. He served as a military tribune with the Legio XII Fulminata. He is the first person attested to have held the position of recorder of the minutes of the Senate. He was Governor of Britannia from 101 to 104. This was a period when the under-garrisoned province was under pressure from restless tribes. Marcellus supervised a stabilisation of the situation which included a withdrawal from the Antonine Wall to what was later to become the line of Hadrian's Wall.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: The origins of the gens Neratia lie in the Italian town of Saepinum, located in Samnium. Olli Salomies, in his study of Imperial Roman nomenclature, has established that while Marcellus was the brother of the jurist Lucius Neratius Priscus, and thus the natural child of Lucius Neratius Priscus, he had been adopted by his uncle Marcus Hirrius Fronto Neratius Pansa, consul in 73 or 74, who was childless.

paragraph: Neratius Marcellus was married twice: first to Corellia Hispulla, the daughter of Pliny’s elderly friend Quintus Corellius Rufus, suffect consul in AD 78; second to Domitia Vettilla, the daughter of Lucius Domitius Apollinaris, suffect consul in AD 97. From his first marriage Marcellus had at least one son, Lucius Corellius Neratius Pansa, consul of AD 122.

paragraph: Section::::Career until governor of Britain.

paragraph: An inscription recovered from Saepinum provides details of Marcellus' career. In his teens he was one of the "tresviri monetalis", the most prestigious of the four boards that comprise the "vigintiviri". Assignment to this board was usually the prerogative of patricians or favored individuals. An inscription found in Xanthos is understood by experts to indicate that he accompanied his adoptive father to the Roman province of Lycia while the older man governed it as "legatus Augusti pro praetore", or imperial governor. On returning to Rome both were adlected (promoted) into the patrician class, most likely during the Roman census of 73–74. This promotion in status offered many opportunities, including being excused from holding some of the republican magistracies otherwise required to become consul.

paragraph: Marcellus was then given the position of "curator acta senatorum", or recorder of the minutes of the Senate. He is the first person attested to have held this position. At the age of 25 he held the republican magistracy of quaestor, being selected as one of the pair allocated to attend to the Emperor. The duties of these quaestors included reading the Emperor's speeches to the Senate. This was followed by his admission to the "collegia" of the "Salius Palatinus", a priestly order tracing its roots back to the Roman Kingdom. Marcellus' service to the Emperor resumed with a commission as a "tribunus laticlavius" with the Legio XII Fulminata which was part of an expeditionary force led by his adoptive father Neratius Pansa in Cappadocia. This expedition is thought to have taken place in 75 and 76.

paragraph: Due to his promotion to the patrician class, Marcellus was excused from holding any commands or offices between the praetorship and his appointment as suffect consul in AD 95, replacing the emperor Domitian on the Ides of January. Ronald Syme describes being the suffect to replace the emperor as a "high distinction, and close to being consul ordinarius". Marcellus served as "curator aquarum urbis" (supervisor of the city's aqueducts) between his consulship and his appointment as the "legatus Augusti pro praetore" of Roman Britain. He certainly held the office before 103, when his governorship is attested by a military diploma.

paragraph: Section::::Britain and after.

paragraph: Marcellus was Governor of Britannia from 101 to 104. At about this time the Roman army was hard pressed to hold the territory Agricola had conquered a generation before. Legio II Adiutrix had been withdrawn to the Danube in AD 92 with three cohorts of Batavian auxiliaries. Emperor Trajan, needing reinforcements for his First Dacian War, had called for vexillations (detachments) from the army in Britain. The natives took advantage of the understrength garrison: excavations at Newstead and elsewhere show signs of destruction by fire. Although the Romans often burnt what was not worth salvaging when they evacuated a fort, excavations also revealed human remains and immense quantities of equipment, including damaged armour, at Newstead. This has been taken as clear evidence of hostile action. The frontier was withdrawn from the Antonine Wall to the line of the Stanegate, the future Hadrian's Wall. Marcellus certainly managed at least a portion of this major reorganisation.

paragraph: Neratius Marcellus was a friend of Pliny the Younger. Although none of Pliny's letters to Marcellus have survived, one of his extant letters does mention him. Pliny had requested that Marcellus make Suetonius a tribune in Britain. When he succeeded in obtaining this favour for Suetonius, the latter eventually declined the post, which Pliny then transferred to a relative of Suetonius' in his place. This story indicates that Marcellus was able to make military appointments easily through the network of patronage, apparently without consulting the army.

paragraph: Another illustration of Marcellus' role in the network of patronage of his time is a draft of a letter recovered from the Roman fort at Vindolanda. The commander of the Ninth Cohort of Batavians stationed there, Flavius Cerialis, writes to his friend Crispinus about meeting with governor Marcellus. The text is damaged at this point, and there have been several theories proposed by modern historians as to the purpose of this communication. Anthony Birley suggested Cerialis was asking Crispinus to intercede on his behalf for a promotion or transfer; M. P. Speidel and R. Seider suggest this was an example of "litterae commendaticiae", or a letter introducing himself to Crispinus; in their edition of the letter, Alan K. Bowman and J. David Thomas offer a more prosaic interpretation: "The writer is asking Crispinus to... make his military service pleasant by putting him on good terms with as many influential people as possible."

paragraph: The next record of Neratius Marcellus comes decades after he returned from Britain, when he was elected "consul ordinarius" in AD 129, serving alongside Publius Juventius Celsus Titus Aufidius Hoenius Severianus. Observing that the emperor Hadrian relied on his brother for advice, Birley believes that Marcellus was "on familiar terms" with Hadrian, which may be the reason for the signal honour of a second consulship. However, Birley then notes that "it may be that he came to a sad end soon afterwards, for among Hadrian's close friends... the author of the "Historia Augusta" lists a Marcellus, forced to suicide by the emperor."

description: Roman military officer, senator, and consul

wikidata_label: Lucius Neratius Marcellus

wikipedia_title: Lucius Neratius Marcellus


text:
VC
British Indian Army
Victoria Cross
British
Commonwealth
Chakrala
Mianwali
Punjab region
Pakistan
lance naik
16th Punjab Regiment
Indian Army during World War II
Kyeyebyin
Kaladan
Burma
Myanmar
Punjab Regiment
Monuments to Courage
The Register of the Victoria Cross
Sher Shah
Burial location of Sher Shah
News item
CWGC :: Casualty Details

categories: Punjabi people,Indian Army personnel killed in World War II,Indian World War II recipients of the Victoria Cross,1917 births,People from Mianwali District,British Indian Army soldiers,1945 deaths

paragraph: Sher Shah (VC)

paragraph: Sher Shah Awan VC (14 February 1917 – 20 January 1945) was a British Indian Army soldier who received the Victoria Cross which is the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

paragraph: Section::::Military career.

paragraph: He was the son of Syed Barkhurdar Shah and his wife Makda Bibi; and husband of Mehr Bhari, from the village of Chakrala, about 30 km east from Mianwali, Punjab region that is now Pakistan. He was 27 years old and a lance naik in the 7th Battalion of the 16th Punjab Regiment in the Indian Army during World War II when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.

paragraph: On 19/20 January 1945 at Kyeyebyin, Kaladan, Burma (now Myanmar), Lance Naik Sher Shah was commanding a left forward section of his platoon when it was attacked by overwhelming numbers of Japanese. He broke up two attacks by crawling right in among the enemy and shooting at point-blank range. On the second occasion he was hit and his leg shattered, but he maintained that his injury was only slight and when the third attack came, he again crawled forward engaging the enemy until he was shot through the head and killed.

paragraph: Sher Shah's Battalion 7/16 Punjab Regiment, affectionately known as "Saat Solah Punjab" is now a part of the Pakistan Army, proudly known as the "Sher Shah Battalion".

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Monuments to Courage (David Harvey, 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Register of the Victoria Cross (This England, 1997)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sher Shah(This page/link not available)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Burial location of Sher Shah "Burma"

paragraph: BULLET::::- News item "Sher Shah's Victoria Cross sold at auction"

paragraph: BULLET::::- CWGC :: Casualty Details at www.cwgc.org Citation - Commonwealth War Graves Commission

description: Recipient of the Victoria Cross

wikidata_label: Sher Shah

wikipedia_title: Sher Shah Awan

wikipedia_title: Sher Shah (VC)


text: Scottish

text: post-punk

text: Magazine

text: Siouxsie and the Banshees

text: Visage

text: Public Image Ltd

text: Jimmy Page

text: Mojo

text: Spellbound

text: arpeggio

text: string harmonics

text: flanger

text: conventional scales

text: Steve Albini

text: Greenock

text: Renfrewshire

text: Scotland

text: British blues

text: Eric Clapton

text: Jimi Hendrix

text: Manchester Polytechnic

text: Malcolm Garrett

text: Howard Devoto

text: Buzzcocks

text: Magazine

text: Barry Adamson

text: Martin Jackson

text: Shot by Both Sides

text: Pete Shelley

text: UK Singles Chart

text: Real Life

text: Secondhand Daylight

text: The Correct Use of Soap

text: Steve Strange

text: Visage

text: Dave Formula

text: Tar

text: Visage

text: Fade to Grey

text: The Anvil

text: Gen X

text: Kiss Me Deadly

text: AIR Studios

text: Skids

text: Peel Session

text: Stuart Adamson

text: John Doyle

text: Ken Lockie

text: The Impossible

text: Siouxsie and the Banshees

text: Kaleidoscope

text: Juju

text: A Kiss in the Dreamhouse

text: Happy House

text: Christine

text: Israel

text: Spellbound

text: Arabian Knights

text: Siouxsie Sioux

text: nervous breakdown

text: Madrid

text: Bauhaus

text: Peter Murphy

text: Should the World Fail to Fall Apart

text: The Armoury Show

text: Richard Jobson

text: Russell Webb

text: John Lydon

text: Public Image Ltd

text: Happy?

text: That What Is Not

text: The Sugarcubes

text: Stick Around for Joy

text: Glenn Gregory

text: John Keeble

text: Spandau Ballet

text: When in Rome

text: Launceston

text: Cornwall

text: Budgie

text: Johnny Marr

text: the Smiths

text: Simon Goddard

text: Radiohead

text: Ed O'Brien

text: Nigel Godrich

text: Jonny Greenwood

text: The Edge

text: Dave Navarro

text: Jane's Addiction

text: John Frusciante

text: Red Hot Chili Peppers

text: Yamaha

text: MXR

text: flanger

text: Squier 1957 Stratocaster

text: Ibanez

text: Carvin

text: Washburn

text: Real Life

text: Secondhand Daylight

text: The Correct Use of Soap

text: Visage

text: Kiss Me Deadly

text: Kaleidoscope

text: Juju

text: A Kiss in the Dreamhouse

text: Waiting for the Floods

text: Should the World Fail to Fall Apart

text: Happy?

text: That What Is Not

text: Stick Around for Joy

text: John Doyle

text: Russell Webb

text: Slik

categories: Public Image Ltd members,1955 births,Scottish new wave musicians,People from Greenock,Magazine (band) members,2004 deaths,Male guitarists,Siouxsie and the Banshees members,Gothic rock musicians,The Armoury Show members,Scottish rock guitarists

paragraph: John McGeoch

paragraph: John Alexander McGeoch (25 August 1955 – 4 March 2004) was a Scottish pop music guitarist who played with several bands of the post-punk era, including Magazine, Siouxsie and the Banshees, Visage, and Public Image Ltd.

paragraph: He has been described as one of the most influential guitarists of his generation, and was referred to in the music press as "the New Wave Jimmy Page". In 1996 he was listed by "Mojo" in their "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time" for his work on the Siouxsie and the Banshees song "Spellbound". Signature characteristics of his playing style included an inventive arpeggios, string harmonics, the uses of flanger and an occasional disregard for conventional scales.

paragraph: Musician and producer Steve Albini  praised McGeoch for his guitar playing with Magazine and Siouxsie and the Banshees, qualifying as "great choral swells, great scratches and buzzes, great dissonant noise and great squealy death noise What a guy" and further commenting: "anybody can make notes. There's no trick. What is a trick and a good one is to make a guitar do things that don't sound like a guitar at all. The point here is stretching the boundaries".

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: McGeoch was born on 25 August 1955 in Greenock, Renfrewshire, Scotland, where he spent his childhood years. He began to play the guitar at 12 years of age, first learning British blues music, being influenced by the work of Eric Clapton, and also that of Jimi Hendrix. In 1970 he played with a local band called the 'Slugband'. In 1971 his parents moved to London. In 1975 he went to Manchester Polytechnic where he received a degree in Fine Art. He maintained an interest in photography, painting and drawing throughout his life.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: In April 1977 McGeoch's Manchester student flatmate Malcolm Garrett introduced him to Howard Devoto, who had recently left the Buzzcocks and was looking for a guitarist to form a band with. The pair formed a new act entitled Magazine, along with Barry Adamson, Bob Dickinson and Martin Jackson. The new band released its debut single, "Shot by Both Sides" in January 1978. The song's score was written by Pete Shelley with new Devoto lyrics (the Buzzcocks version was titled "Lipstick"); on release it reached #41 on the UK Singles Chart. (The same year McGeoch graduated from Manchester Polytechnic) .

paragraph: McGeoch went on to play on Magazine's first three albums, "Real Life" (1978), "Secondhand Daylight" (1979) and "The Correct Use of Soap" (1980). He left the band in 1980 shortly after the release of the latter album, frustrated with its lack of commercial success despite its recognition with music press critics.

paragraph: In 1979, while still a member of Magazine, McGeoch joined Steve Strange's electronic band Visage along with erstwhile Magazine bandmates Adamson and Dave Formula, recording songs for their first single "Tar" and later, in 1980, for their eponymous album "Visage", McGeoch playing guitar and saxophone on the record.

paragraph: Although he saw Visage as something of a joke, the band provided McGeoch with early professional credibility and success. The band's single "Fade to Grey" went to #1 in a number of European countries. McGeoch did not record on the group's second album, "The Anvil", as it was recorded in London and he was unable to participate.

paragraph: While still a member of Magazine and Visage, McGeoch also worked occasionally with other bands. In mid-1980 he recorded most of the guitar work on Gen X's album "Kiss Me Deadly" at AIR Studios in London. In September 1980 he guested with the Skids for a Peel Session, standing in for Stuart Adamson who was unwell. He also collaborated with ex-Magazine drummer John Doyle on Ken Lockie's album "The Impossible" (1981). Around this time, he left Magazine.

paragraph: Section::::Siouxsie and the Banshees.

paragraph: After joining Siouxsie and the Banshees in late 1980, McGeoch entered a period of both creative and commercial success. During his first session with the Banshees he began a new style of playing. He later commented: "I was going through a picky phase, as opposed to strumming. "Happy House" was lighter and had more musicality in it. They invited me to join. I was sad leaving Magazine but the Banshees were so interesting and it felt like a good move".

paragraph: He recorded guitar on the Banshees' long-players "Kaleidoscope" (1980), "Juju" (1981) and "A Kiss in the Dreamhouse" (1982). The Banshees' hit singles of this era featured some of McGeoch's most acclaimed work, particularly 1980's "Happy House", "Christine" and "Israel", and 1981's "Spellbound" and "Arabian Knights". McGeoch's contribution to the band was important in terms of sounds and style. Singer Siouxsie Sioux later said: However, McGeoch suffered a nervous breakdown due to the stresses of touring and an increasing personal problem with alcohol, and after collapsing on stage during a performance at a gig in Madrid, left the band in 1982.

paragraph: Section::::Later career.

paragraph: In 1983, during a break from playing music, he produced Swedish punk-funk band "Zzzang Tumb's" debut long-player.

paragraph: In 1986 McGeoch contributed to former Bauhaus singer Peter Murphy's debut solo long-player "Should the World Fail to Fall Apart".

paragraph: Following three years playing guitar with an act entitled The Armoury Show (which included Doyle as well as ex-Skids members Richard Jobson and Russell Webb), McGeoch joined John Lydon's Public Image Ltd in 1986, a decision which may have been partly motivated by financial difficulties he was in at this time. He had been an admirer of PiL, particularly of Lydon's song-lyrics, yet reportedly had previously turned down an offer from him to join the band in 1984. Despite being struck in the face with a bottle thrown from the crowd during one of his first gigs with the band, McGeoch remained with PiL until it disbanded in 1992, making him the longest-serving member apart from Lydon. He recorded on its long-players: "Happy?", "9" and "That What Is Not". McGeoch left PiL's line-up in 1992.

paragraph: In 1992 he was invited by the Icelandic band The Sugarcubes to play the guitar track on the song "Gold” for their "Stick Around for Joy" long-player. In early 1990's, without a band, he ended his career seeking to form one via a variety of short-lived ventures, including working with Glenn Gregory and the songwriter/producer Keith Lowndes. With John Keeble of Spandau Ballet and vocalist Clive Farrington of When in Rome, he formed a line-up provisionally titled 'Pacific', but no commercial material came of it.

paragraph: In the mid-1990's McGeoch retired from professional music and trained mid-life as a nurse/carer. In the early 2000's he was reported as attempting to re-enter professional music by working on musical scores for television productions.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: McGeoch died at the age of 48 in his sleep on 4 March 2004 at his home in Launceston, Cornwall.

paragraph: Section::::Tributes.

paragraph: Banshees' drummer Budgie wrote a text to honour him on the Siouxsie website, saying: "Without any disrespect to all the other guitarists we have worked with, none had the relaxed mastery and such a depth of expression as John McGeoch. No amount of scrutiny of filmed ’Live’ performance tapes could reveal the subtle economy of technique that made an apparently complex phrase look so deceptively simple. Exasperated guitarists would often comment, “But his hands don’t even move!".

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: On 9 September 1981 he married Janet Pickford, his girlfriend at Manchester Polytechnic, the marriage later being divorced. On 14 September 1988 McGeoch married Denise Dakin, the second marriage producing a daughter, Emily Jean McGeoch (b. 1989).

paragraph: Section::::Influence.

paragraph: McGeoch has been cited by many artists as a major influence. Johnny Marr from the Smiths hailed him, saying: "Really my generation was all about a guy called John McGeoch, from Siouxsie and the Banshees". "When I was in my teens, there weren't many new guitar players who were interesting and of their time.[...] John McGeoch. [His work] was really innovative guitar music which was pretty hard to find back then. To a young guitar player like myself, those early Banshees singles were just class". Simon Goddard wrote that McGeoch was a "significant inspiration" on Marr.

paragraph: Radiohead's Ed O'Brien cited him as a "big influence", citing him as one of the "great guitarists, but they weren’t lead guitarists". Radiohead were also inspired by McGeoch to record "There There". They explained that they were "in heaven" when their producer Nigel Godrich made Jonny Greenwood sound like Siouxsie and the Banshees-era McGeoch for that session. U2's "The Edge" has cited McGeoch as an influence, and chose the Siouxsie and the Banshees song "Christine" from the "Kaleidoscope" album for a compilation made for "Mojo".

paragraph: Other guitarists also mentioned him. Dave Navarro of Jane's Addiction said that he learned guitar by listening to the albums McGeoch recorded with Siouxsie and the Banshees. John Frusciante of Red Hot Chili Peppers likewise said that he taught himself to play "learning all John McGeoch's stuff in Magazine and Siouxsie and the Banshees".

paragraph: In 2008, the BBC aired an hour-long radio documentary on McGeoch's life and work, titled "Spellbound: The John McGeoch Story".

paragraph: Section::::Equipment.

paragraph: During his time with Magazine McGeoch played a Yamaha SG1000 guitar with a stand-mounted MXR M117R flanger. He bought his first model in 1976 when the band signed its recording deal, which provided him with the finances for professional standard equipment. Whilst with Siouxsie and the Banshees he created his own setup, involving an MXR flanger mounted on a mic stand which allowed him to hit a chord and sweep the flange knob in real time. Whilst working with 'The Armoury Show', he also used a Squier 1957 Stratocaster and an Ibanez AE410BK. During his work with PiL, and in his last years he favoured a solid wood Carvin electric guitar. He also used a Washburn Tour 24 guitar for touring during 1988.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Magazine

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Real Life" (1978)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Secondhand Daylight" (1979)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Correct Use of Soap" (1980)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Visage

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Visage" (1980)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gen X

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kiss Me Deadly" (1981)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Siouxsie and the Banshees

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Kaleidoscope" (1980)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Juju" (1981)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Kiss in the Dreamhouse" (1982)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Armoury Show

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Waiting for the Floods" (1985)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Peter Murphy

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Should the World Fail to Fall Apart" (1986)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Public Image Ltd

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Happy?" (1987)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "9" (1989)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "That What Is Not" (1992)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Sugarcubes

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stick Around for Joy" (1992)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Doyle

paragraph: BULLET::::- Russell Webb

paragraph: BULLET::::- Slik

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fodderstompf.Com: John McGeoch Biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- John McGeoch MySpace Account (set up by his daughter)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Profile of John McGeoch from shotbybothsides.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interview with John McGeoch from shotbybothsides.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interview with John McGeoch and Richard Jobson of Armoury Show

alias:
John Alexander McGeoch
00046771366 IPI

description: Scottish rock guitarist

wikidata_label: John McGeoch

wikipedia_title: John McGeoch


text: VC

text: Scottish

text: Victoria Cross

text: British

text: Commonwealth

text: quartermaster-sergeant

text: British Army

text: Black Watch

text: Indian Mutiny

text: Fort Ruhya

text: British India

text: quartermaster

text: Militia

text: Captain

text: Major

text: Perth, Scotland

text: Los Angeles

text: Monuments to Courage

text: The Register of the Victoria Cross

text: Scotland's Forgotten Valour

text: Location of grave and VC medal

categories: British Militia officers,British recipients of the Victoria Cross,1826 births,Black Watch soldiers,Indian Rebellion of 1857 recipients of the Victoria Cross,1884 deaths,British Army personnel of the Crimean War,People from Edinburgh,Black Watch officers

paragraph: John Simpson (VC)

paragraph: Major John Simpson VC (29 January 1826 – 27 October 1884) was a Scottish recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

paragraph: Simpson, 32 years old, was a quartermaster-sergeant in the 42nd Regiment of Foot, British Army, later the Black Watch (Royal Highlanders), during the Indian Mutiny on 15 April 1858. During the attack on Fort Ruhya, British India, Simpson volunteered to go to an exposed point within of the parapet of the fort under heavy fire and carried back a lieutenant and a private, both of whom were seriously wounded.

paragraph: Simpson was later commissioned as a quartermaster and in 1878 he transferred to the Militia. In 1881 he was granted the honorary rank of Captain and in 1883 he was promoted Major. His grave and memorial are at Balbeggie Churchyard, St. Martin's, near Perth, Scotland. His medal is on display in the United States at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, in Los Angeles.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Monuments to Courage (David Harvey, 1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Register of the Victoria Cross (This England, 1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Scotland's Forgotten Valour (Graham Ross, 1995)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Location of grave and VC medal "(Tayside)"

description: recipient of the Victoria Cross, born 1826

wikidata_label: John Simpson

wikipedia_title: John Simpson (VC)


text: Aubusson (Creuse)

text: Lyon

text: French

text: Joseph-Laurent Malaine

text: Napoleon Bonaparte

text: François Le Vaillant

text: parrot

text: birds of paradise

text: roller

text: toucan

text: barbets

text: sugarbird

text: bee-eater

text: trogon

text: turaco

text: Pauline Rifer de Courcelles

text: Joseph August Knip

text: Biography

categories: French naturalists,French bird artists,1809 deaths,1767 births

paragraph: Jacques Barraband

paragraph: Jacques Barraband (or Pierre-Paul Barraband) (1767? (baptized 1768), Aubusson (Creuse), France–1 October 1809, Lyon) was a French zoological and botanical illustrator, renowned for his life-like renderings of tropical birds. His pictures were based on mounted specimens and his illustration was considered the most accurate ones made during the early 1800s.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Barraband was born to Jacques Barraband and Marie-Anne Bebit in 1767 (or 1768) and was baptized on August 31, 1768 at the church of Sainte-Croix in Aubusson. His father worked in the local tapestry factory and the son also worked there briefly after studying art at the local school, which was famed for producing several artists of note, including Francis Roby de Faureix and Etienne de La Seiglière de La Cour. He later moved to Paris, working at tapestry and carpet stores on rue de la Huchette and studying art at l’Academie royale de peinture under Joseph-Laurent Malaine. During the French exposition of 1798, he produced some paintings for the carpet manufacturers Gobelins and Savonnerie and for the porcelain makers Dihl and Gerhard. He also made illustrations of insects for the French naturalist Sonnini and illustrated a book by Fournier on Egypt. He then produced a series of watercolours of birds and flowers between 1801 and 1804 by direct commission of Napoleon Bonaparte. Among his most famous works are those he made to illustrate François Le Vaillant's scientific studies on parrots ("perroquets"), birds of paradise ("oiseaux de paradis"), rollers ("rolliers"), toucans ("toucans"), barbets ("barbus"), sugarbirds ("promerops"), bee-eaters ("guêpiers"), trogons ("couroucous"), and turacos ("touracos"). One of his students was Pauline Rifer de Courcelles who later married the artist Joseph August Knip. Pauline de Courcelles illustrated the birds in Histoire Naturelle de Tangaras, des Manakins et des Todiers by Anselme-Gaetan Desmarest (1805).

paragraph: Napoleon I hired Barraband to decorate the banquet hall at St. Cloud.

paragraph: He was appointed a professor at the school of Arts et Dessin de Lyon in 1807 and died two years later. His only daughter Adeline became a musician.

paragraph: Works illustrated by Barraband for Le Vaillant include:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Histoire naturelle des perroquets", Paris Levrault, Schoell & Cie, An IX-XII (1801–1805), 2 volumes. vol. 1 , vol. 2

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Histoire naturelle des oiseaux de paradis et des rolliers, suivie de celles des toucans et des barbus", Paris, Denné le jeune & Perlet, (1801–1806), 2 volumes.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Histoire naturelle des promérops et des guêpiers (et des couroucous et touracos, faisant suite à celle des oiseaux de paradis)", Paris Levrault, (1806) 1807, (1816 ou 1818) 3 volumes.

paragraph: Barraband worked with Louis Bouquet and Langlois to create the engravings of birds. These plates were inked, "à la poupée", that is the plate had different parts inked as needed and pressed to paper just once. Tone and shading corrections were done to the plates by hand.

paragraph: A monument was erected in his memory at the Lyons cemetery by his students.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Audubon House Gallery of Natural History, "Jacques Barraband (1767–1809)"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Robert Guinot (2002), "Jacques Barraband : le peintre des oiseaux de Napoléon 1er", Paris: Guénégaud. pp. 191,

alias:
Jacques Baraban
Baraband d'Aubusson
Jacques Barraban
M. Baraband
Baraban

description: Ornithological illustrator

wikidata_label: Jacques Barraband

wikipedia_title: Jacques Barraband


text:
Avril Lavigne
Welcome to the Blacklist Club
Warner Bros. Records
Baltimore, Maryland
Selena Gomez & The Scene
McDonogh School
Come As You Are
Nirvana
Baltimore
Berklee College of Music
Arista Records
A&R
Avril Lavigne
Let Go
Under My Skin
Don't Tell Me
Take Me Away
Matt Brann
EMI
Warner Bros. Records
The Best Damn Thing
Hot
Complicated
Girlfriend
Jim McGorman
Goodbye Lullaby
Push
Tyga
No Introduction
The Pack
OreSkaBand
indie pop
Adam Richman
Bleu
Metro Station
Mayday Parade
Hot Country Songs
Taylor Swift
Christmas
Welcome to the Blacklist Club
Private
Pageant Place
The Used
Vulnerable
Stereopony

categories: Avril Lavigne,American rock guitarists,Crush Management artists,1983 births,Living people,American male guitarists

paragraph: Evan Taubenfeld

paragraph: Evan David Taubenfeld (born June 27, 1983) is an American singer-songwriter, best known for being Avril Lavigne's lead guitarist, music director and frequent collaborator. Taubenfeld's debut album, "Welcome to the Blacklist Club", was released on May 18, 2010 on Warner Bros. Records.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Taubenfeld was born in Baltimore, Maryland, to Mark and Ami Taubenfeld, who ran a catering business. He has two siblings, a younger brother named Drew (b. 1984), who is the guitarist in Selena Gomez & The Scene, and a younger sister, Annie (b. 1990). Taubenfeld graduated from McDonogh School in 2001.

paragraph: Taubenfeld had an early interest in music and took an interest at the piano at home as a toddler. He received a small drum kit as a young child, continuing on a full-size drum kit several years later. While in seventh grade, he joined the band The Suburbanites on drums. At the age of 15, he taught himself guitar by learning to play "Come As You Are" by Nirvana. After 3 years, he founded Spinfire with his friend Matt Halpern in which he sang and played guitar. They performed at festivals and shows in the Baltimore area, and wrote and produced songs such as "Feeling Beautiful", "Lettin' It Be", and "Waiting".

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:With Avril Lavigne.

paragraph: Taubenfeld considered studying at Berklee College of Music, but chose to market his band with major labels instead. When his band members chose to go to college instead, Taubenfeld recorded a demo of his own music, among others sending it to Arista Records A&R vice president Josh Sarubin, who he made his acquaintance with during his time in Spinfire. Taubenfeld received a phone call from Sarubin, who invited him to audition in New York City for the band of a new talent he just signed, a young Canadian named Avril Lavigne. He joined this band in 2002 when her debut album "Let Go" had already been recorded. For Lavigne's sophomore album "Under My Skin", Taubenfeld contributed to the music and was credited for the music on "Don't Tell Me", "Take Me Away", and "Freak Out", the latter of which he shared the credits with drummer Matt Brann. In addition to being her lead guitarist, he took up music directing and became a close friend of Lavigne. He left the band in September 2004, when he was signed as a staff writer with EMI Music Publishing, after which he got his own recording contract with Sire/Warner Bros. Records in October 2004.

paragraph: Taubenfeld would continue to collaborate with Lavigne for several more years. He co-wrote four songs with Lavigne on her 2007 album "The Best Damn Thing", including the hit single "Hot". In 2010, he performed "Complicated" and "Girlfriend" acoustically with Lavigne and her band member, Jim McGorman. On "Goodbye Lullaby" from 2011, he co-wrote three songs, performed vocals on the bridge of "Push", along with playing in several instruments, and doing engineering and producing work on the album. He subsequently was the opening act for Lavigne on the North American Leg her 2011 Black Star World Tour. He has not collaborated with Lavigne since.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Solo career and other projects.

paragraph: In 2003, while still playing in Lavigne’s band, Taubenfeld formed the band Ditch Ruxton, with whom he performed one show. The group disbanded within the year.

paragraph: In 2008, Taubenfeld produced two tracks for rapper Tyga's debut album "No Introduction", "Press 7" and "First Timers", the latter of which he also featured on. He also produced for The Pack and OreSkaBand.

paragraph: For his solo material, Taubenfeld set up his own band, named The Black List Club. His first solo single, "Boy Meets Girl", was released in March 2009. It was co-written with among others indie pop artists Adam Richman and Bleu. To promote the single, Taubenfeld toured with Metro Station and Mayday Parade in July 2009. Taubenfeld's Christmas single, "Merry Swiftmas (Even Though I Celebrate Chanukah)" debuted in late 2009 at #59 on the Hot Country Songs chart, in which he besung Taylor Swift and Christmas years before Swift trademarked "Swiftmas". It would take until May 2010 until his album "Welcome to the Blacklist Club" was released. He has since continued to record and release songs, but not in album format.

paragraph: Taubenfeld was the executive musical director for the short-lived MTV show "Kaya", a scripted drama about a girl who gets signed to a major label with her band. He among others co-wrote, recorded and produced the soundtrack for the series. He also had a role on the Web series "Private" as Blake Pearson, and produced for the MTV series "Pageant Place".

paragraph: In 2012, Taubenfeld co-wrote the song "Shine" for The Used album "Vulnerable". That same year, he produced for the Japanese band Stereopony, and collaborated with them on the song "Just Rock With Me", for which the collective was dubbed "Evanpony" in public releases of the song.

paragraph: Taubenfeld presently runs Crush Music Publishing, a music publishing joint venture between Songs Publishing and Crush Management.

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Evan Taubenfeld

wikipedia_title: Evan Taubenfeld


text: Old Norse

text: king of Norway

text: Harald Gille

text: Norway

text: mistress

text: Inge Haraldsson

text: Eystein Haraldsson

text: civil war era in Norway

text: Trøndelag

text: Sigurd Slembe

text: thing

text: Magnus the Blind

text: Battle of Holmengrå

text: Norwegian

text: nobility

text: Eystein

text: Scotland

text: Harald Gille

text: Inge

text: papal legate

text: Nicholas Breakspear

text: archbishopric

text: Nidaros

text: Bergen

text: Inge

text: Eystein

text: Ingrid

text: Bergenhus Fortress

text: Sverre Sigurdsson

text: Haakon II Sigurdsson

text: Magnus Erlingsson

text: Sigurd Sigurdsson Markusfostre

text: Cecilia

text: Folkvid the Lawspeaker

text: Haakon the Crazy

text: Sverre Sigurdsson

text: Sverris saga

text: Jarl

text: kings’ sagas

text: Heimskringla

text: Fagrskinna

text: Morkinskinna

text: Ágrip

text: Hryggjarstykki

text: Cornell University Press

text: Snorri Sturluson

text: Lee M. Hollander

text: University of Texas Press

categories: Medieval child rulers,1133 births,12th-century monarchs in Europe,Burials at Christ Church, Bergen,Norwegian monarchs,12th-century Norwegian people,12th-century murdered monarchs,House of Gille,Norwegian civil wars,1155 deaths

paragraph: Sigurd II of Norway

paragraph: Sigurd II Haraldsson (or Sigurd Munn) (Old Norse: Sigurðr Haraldsson) (1133–1155) was king of Norway from 1136 to 1155. He was son of Harald Gille, king of Norway and his mistress Thora Guttormsdotter ("Þóra Guthormsdóttir"). He served as co-ruler with his half-brothers, Inge Haraldsson and Eystein Haraldsson. His epithet Munn means "the Mouth" in Old Norse. He was killed in the power-struggle against his brother, Inge, in an early stage of the civil war era in Norway.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: Sigurd was fostered by Guttorm ("Guthormr") or Sådegyrd Bårdsson ("Sáðagyrðr Bárðarson") in Trøndelag. When his father was murdered by the pretender Sigurd Slembe in 1136, Sigurd was made king at the thing of "Eyrathing". At the same time, his brothers Inge and Magnus were also made kings and co-rulers. Their respective guardians joined forces against Sigurd Slembe and his ally, the former king Magnus the Blind. The battles against these pretenders dominated the early years of Sigurd's reign. In 1139, they were defeated and slain at the Battle of Holmengrå.

paragraph: After this followed a period of peace. During the minority of the brothers, Sigurd, Inge and Magnus, the Norwegian nobility cooperated to rule the kingdom and advise the kings. In 1142, their brother Eystein came to Norway from Scotland. His parentage was accepted, since Harald Gille had acknowledged that he had a son overseas. Eystein thus became king and co-ruler together with Sigurd and Inge. Magnus, of whom little more is known, died of natural causes at some point in the 1140s.

paragraph: In 1152, Norway was visited by the papal legate Nicholas Breakspear. During his visit, the church in Norway was organised into a separate archbishopric, with its seat at Nidaros.

paragraph: As they grew up, and their old advisors died, hostility began to grow among the brothers. In 1155, all three of them were set to meet in Bergen in an effort to keep the peace. Inge accused Sigurd and Eystein of planning to have him dethroned. Sigurd denied the accusations, but a few days later one of Inge's guards was killed by one of Sigurd's. At the advice of his mother Ingrid and his senior advisor, , Inge ordered his men to assault the house where Sigurd was residing. Sigurd had but few men, and no mercy was given. King Sigurd fell on 6 February 1155. He was buried by the old cathedral of Bergen, in what is today Bergenhus Fortress This cathedral was demolished and replaced by a larger cathedral soon after.

paragraph: Section::::Aftermath.

paragraph: King Eystein was late in arriving for the meeting, and only approached the city after Sigurd was already dead. An uneasy settlement was reached between Inge and Eystein, but peace between them did not last long. As it turned out, the killing of king Sigurd started the second phase of the Norwegian civil war era, with fighting continuing with only short let-ups until 1208. The reasons for the fighting in Bergen remain disputed. According to the sagas, Eystein and Sigurd had plotted to strip Inge of his royal title and divide his share of the kingdom between them. Some modern historians doubt this version, seeing it as Inge’s excuse for his own aggressive actions.

paragraph: During the following civil wars, several royal pretenders claimed to be the son of King Sigurd. For some, this was probably mostly a political statement, as royal lineage was necessary to be a candidate for the throne. Sverre Sigurdsson was the most successful by far of these claimants, and eventually succeeded in becoming king of Norway. Sigurd never married.

paragraph: The sagas draw a rather negative picture of both Sigurd and his brother Eystein, generally choosing to portray Inge as the just ruler of the three brothers. "Heimskringla" writes of Sigurd:

paragraph: Section::::Descendants.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Haakon II Sigurdsson ("Hákon"), known as "Haakon the Broadshouldered" (1147–1162). Made king by Sigurd and Eystein's supporters after Eystein's fall in 1157, in opposition to Inge Haraldsson. Killed in battle against Inge's old supporters and their new king Magnus Erlingsson. Mother: Tora ("Þóra").

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sigurd Sigurdsson Markusfostre ("Sigurðr"), known as "Sigurd Markusfostre" (died 1163). Proclaimed king by Haakon the Broadshouldered's followers in 1162, captured and decapitated by king Magnus' supporters in 1163.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harald ("Haraldr"), (died 1170s). Captured and executed by king Magnus' supporters, because his parentage made him a potential threat to Magnus' rule. Mother: Kristin Sigurdsdotter ("Kristín Sigurðardóttir").

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cecilia (died late 1180s). Married Folkvid the Lawspeaker, marriage later annulled. Mother of Haakon the Crazy. Remarried Bård Guttormsson ("Bárðr Guthormsson")

paragraph: BULLET::::- Helga Sigurdsdatter (Vestfold, c. 1152 - Bergen, 1202), "frilledatter", "Princess of Norway". Mother: Gunnhild Stadheim Giske (Stadheim, 1130 - 1200). Wife of Hjarande Hallvarson Hvite (Vestlandet, 1140 - Lier, 1220-1230), a nobleman from Western Norway living in 1165, "adelsmann på Vestlandet", and had issue

paragraph: Section::::Descendants.:Disputed.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sverre Sigurdsson ("Sverrir"), (died 1202). Ruled as king of Norway from 1184 until his death. Mother: Gunnhild Stadheim Giske (Stadheim, 1130 - 1200). Whether he was in fact a son of Sigurd is highly dubious. Sverris saga, the saga of Sigurd's alleged son, also draws a somewhat unfavourable picture of Sigurd, contrasting him with the positive qualities of Sverre.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eirik? ("Eiríkr") Sigurdsson? (died 1190). Made Jarl by king Sverre. Poisoned. Whether he was in fact a son of Sigurd is unknown.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: The main sources to Sigurd’s reign are the kings’ sagas Heimskringla, Fagrskinna, Morkinskinna and Ágrip. The three former base at least part of their account on the older saga Hryggjarstykki, which was written some time between 1150 and 1170, and was thus a near-contemporary source. This saga itself has not been preserved.

paragraph: Section::::Other sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matthew James Driscoll (ed.); (1995). "Agrip Af Noregskonungasogum". Viking Society for Northern Research.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kari Ellen Gade & Theodore Murdock Andersson (eds.); (2000) "Morkinskinna : The Earliest Icelandic Chronicle of the Norwegian Kings (1030–1157)". Cornell University Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alison Finlay; editor and translator (2004). "Fagrskinna, a Catalogue of the Kings of Norway". Brill Academic Publishers.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Snorri Sturluson; translator Lee M. Hollander (repr. 1991). "Heimskringla : History of the Kings of Norway". University of Texas Press.

description: king of Norway

wikidata_label: Sigurd II of Norway

wikipedia_title: Sigurd II of Norway


text: Pain Tiptoft, 1st Baron Tibetot

text: Edward III

text: Flanders

text: Berwick-upon-Tweed

text: Robert Tiptoft, 3rd Baron Tibetot

text: Sir Payn Tiptoft

categories: 1313 births,Barons in the Peerage of England,1367 deaths

paragraph: John Tiptoft, 2nd Baron Tibetot

paragraph: John Tiptoft (or Tibetot), 2nd Baron Tibetot (20 July 1313 – 13 April 1367), English nobleman, was the son of Pain Tiptoft, 1st Baron Tibetot and Agnes de Ros.

paragraph: He brought his retinue to fight in Edward III's Flanders campaign of 1338–1340. He was appointed Keeper of Berwick-upon-Tweed on 16 April 1346 and Chancellor of Berwick on 21 May 1346.

paragraph: He married Margaret de Badlesmere, daughter of Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Lord Badlesmere, and had two children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Robert Tiptoft, 3rd Baron Tibetot (1341–1372)

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Tiptoft, died without issue

paragraph: He married a second time to Elizabeth Aspall, daughter of Sir Robert Aspall, and had one child:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Payn Tiptoft (d. c. 1413)

description: English baron

wikidata_label: John Tiptoft, 2nd Baron Tibetot

wikipedia_title: John Tiptoft, 2nd Baron Tibetot


text: AM

text: Australia

text: Labor Party

text: district of Molonglo

text: 1998 election

text: Kate Carnell

text: Wayne Berry

text: Jon Stanhope

text: 2001 election

text: Deputy Chief Minister

text: Legislative Assembly biography

text: Stanhope Ministry biography

categories: Deputy Chief Ministers of the Australian Capital Territory,Australian Labor Party members of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly,1942 births,Members of the Order of Australia,Members of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly,Treasurers of the Australian Capital Territory,21st-century Australian politicians,Living people

paragraph: Ted Quinlan

paragraph: Edward Andrew John "Ted" Quinlan AM (born 7 August 1942) is a former Australian politician. He was a Labor Party member of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly from 1998 to 2006, representing the district of Molonglo.

paragraph: Quinlan was elected at the 1998 election, when Labor was soundly defeated by the Liberal Party under popular Chief Minister Kate Carnell. He initially hoped to run for the leadership after the subsequent resignation of Wayne Berry as leader, but allowed Jon Stanhope to nominate uncontested when it became clear Stanhope had the numbers. He nevertheless became a senior figure in the party, and when it won government under Stanhope at the 2001 election, he served as Deputy Chief Minister and Treasurer. He served in these portfolios until March 2006, when he resigned from the Assembly for health reasons.

paragraph: Section::::External links and references.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Legislative Assembly biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stanhope Ministry biography

description: Australian politician

wikidata_label: Ted Quinlan

wikipedia_title: Ted Quinlan


text:
KG
John Tiptoft, 1st Baron Tiptoft
Edward Charleton, 5th Baron Cherleton
University College
Oxford University
Cecily Neville, Duchess of Warwick
Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury
Clearwell
Earl of Worcester
Lord High Treasurer
Lord Deputy of Ireland
Holy Land
Italy
University of Padua
Latin
Edward IV
Order of the Garter
Constable of the Tower of London
Lord Steward of the Household
Lord High Constable
attainder
executions
beheaded
impaled
Chancellor of Ireland
Lord Deputy of Ireland
Thomas FitzGerald, 7th Earl of Desmond
Readeption of Henry VI
beheaded
Trinity
Earl of Worcester
Regent
thePeerage.com

categories: People of the Wars of the Roses,Knights of the Garter,People executed under the Lancastrians,People executed under the Plantagenets by decapitation,Executed English people,Earls of Worcester,Lord Chancellors of Ireland,Lord High Treasurers of England,1470 deaths,English Renaissance humanists,1427 births

paragraph: John Tiptoft, 1st Earl of Worcester

paragraph: John Tiptoft, 1st Earl of Worcester KG (8 May 1427 – 18 October 1470) was an English nobleman and scholar, Lord High Treasurer, Lord High Constable and Deputy Governor of Ireland. He was known as "the Butcher of England".

paragraph: Section::::Origins.

paragraph: Born at Eversden in 1427, he was the son of John Tiptoft, 1st Baron Tiptoft, and Joyce Cherleton, co-heiress of Edward Charleton, 5th Baron Cherleton. He was notable for his education, studying at University College at Oxford University from the ages of 13 to 16.

paragraph: Section::::Marriages and progeny.

paragraph: He married:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cecily Neville, Duchess of Warwick, daughter of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, in 1449, by whom he had no issue. She died 28 July 1450.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elizabeth Greyndour (d. 1452), daughter and sole heiress of Robert Greyndour (d. 1443) of Clearwell, Gloucestershire. They had one son, John, who died the year of his birth, 1452.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elizabeth Hopton (b. c. 1445, d. 22 June 1498), daughter of Sir Thomas Hopton and Eleanor Lucy; grand daughter of Sir Walter Hopton and widow of Sir Roger Corbet of Moreton Corbet (d. 8 June 1467). They married at Ludlow about September 1467, and received a pardon for marrying without a license dated 09 May 1468. They had a son, Edward, who died unmarried in 1485.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He enjoyed a brilliant early career. After being created Earl of Worcester on 16 July 1449, he was employed in a number of official posts, first as Lord High Treasurer (1452–1454) and then as Lord Deputy of Ireland (1456–1457). He then departed on a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, and returned by way of Italy, where he stayed for two years, studying at the University of Padua. There he gained a considerable reputation as a scholar of Latin.

paragraph: He returned to England in 1461 and was received with favour by Edward IV, receiving the Order of the Garter and being appointed to a number of posts, including in 1461, Constable of the Tower of London for life and in 1463, Lord Steward of the Household. Most notably, as Lord High Constable (1462), he presided over trials which resulted in the attainders and executions of Lancastrians, an office which he carried out with exceptional cruelty, having them beheaded, quartered, and impaled. In 1464 he was appointed Chancellor of Ireland for life and in 1467 he again became Lord Deputy of Ireland, and brought about the execution of Thomas FitzGerald, 7th Earl of Desmond.

paragraph: Upon the Readeption of Henry VI in 1470, Tiptoft was unable to escape with Edward IV and his supporters. He was captured by the Lancastrians and beheaded at the Tower of London, attainted and his title forfeited. His last act was to ask the executioner to chop off his head with three blows, for the sake of the Trinity.

paragraph: The title "2nd Earl of Worcester" was the only peerage restored to his minor son Edward, on 14 April 1471, although no Regent is named. His son Edward died in 1485, while still a minor, and without issue. The titles thus became extinct on his death, or in abeyance between his aunts as co-heiresses.

paragraph: Section::::Notes.

paragraph: An 8 line poem by Anthony Thwaite "At Ely" appears on page 594 Palgrave's Golden Treasury Sixth Edition (Updated John Press) 1996. Thwaites provides further insight into some details of the Peer's death and burial.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- thePeerage.com

description: Lord High Treasurer

wikidata_label: John Tiptoft, 1st Earl of Worcester

wikipedia_title: John Tiptoft, 1st Earl of Worcester


text:
Muslim
Mukhranian
Bagrationi dynasty
Kartli
Georgia
Safavid
Persian
Ottoman
wali
Levan
Safavid
convert
Islam
Gurgin Khan
Kai Khosraw
Afghan
naib
Kerman
beylerbey
tupchi-bashi
artillery
wali
Kartli
Vakhtang VI
David II of Kakheti
attacks from the marauding
Dagestan
Shah
Husayn
Telavi
Kakheti
Bakar
Tbilisi
Christianity
Mukhrani
Constantine II of Kakheti
Ottoman
Sunni
Muslim
Sublime Porte
Qaplanishvili-Orbeliani
Amirejibi
Astrakhan
Afanasy Bagration
Moscow
Erekle I of Kakheti
Aleksandre (Ishaq Beg)
Pyotr Bagration
Napoleonic Wars
Tsitsishvili
Archil (Abdullah Beg)
Teimuraz
D.M. Lang
biography
Encyclopaedia Iranica
Iese Ali Quli-Khan
The Royal Ark

categories: Former Georgian Orthodox Christians,1680s births,Ottoman governors of Georgia,House of Mukhrani,1727 deaths,Safavid appointed kings of Kartli,Muslims from Georgia (country),Converts to Islam from Eastern Orthodoxy,Safavid governors of Kerman,Iranian people of Georgian descent,Georgians of the Ottoman Empire,Tupchi-bashi,17th-century people of the Safavid Empire,Safavid generals,Converts to Eastern Orthodoxy from Shia Islam,Kings of Kartli,Safavid governors of Kartli

paragraph: Jesse of Kartli

paragraph: Jesse (, Iese), also known by his Muslim names Ali-Quli Khan and Mustafa Pasha, (1680 or 1681–1727), of the Mukhranian Bagrationi dynasty, was a king of Kartli (Georgia), acting actually as a Safavid Persian and later Ottoman viceroy (wali) from 1714 to 1716 and from 1724 until his death, respectively.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: He was a son of Prince Levan by his second wife, Tinatin Avalishvili. Jese accompanied his father during his service in Persia where he was raised at the Safavid court, converted to Islam and took the name of Ali-Quli Khan. He held several high positions along the eastern frontiers of the empire and fought, from 1705 to 1714, under his uncle Gurgin Khan and later brother Kai Khosraw against the Afghan rebels. He was appointed a naib of Kerman (1708–1709), beylerbey of Kerman (1709–1711), and finally a "tupchi-bashi" (general in charge of artillery) of the Persian armies (1711–1714).

paragraph: Section::::Background.:First reign.

paragraph: In March 1714, he was confirmed a wali/king of Kartli in place of his brother Vakhtang VI who had refused to accept Islam. With his ascend to the throne, Ali Quli-Khan allied with another Georgian ruler David II of Kakheti (Imamquli-Khan) to repel the attacks from the marauding Dagestani clans but his own positions was shattered by a noble opposition. He proved to be incompetent and addicted to alcohol. Unable to maintain order in his possessions, he was replaced, in June 1716, by Shah Husayn with a brother Vakhtang, who had finally agreed to renounce Christianity.

paragraph: Section::::Background.:Prison and conversions.

paragraph: Ali fled to Telavi, Kakheti, but was surrendered to Vakhtang's son Bakar, regent of Kartli. He was put under arrest at Tbilisi, where he reconverted to Christianity. Released in 1721 by Vakhtang VI, he was granted Mukhrani in possession and appointed "mdivanbeg" (chief justice) of Kartli. When Constantine II of Kakheti (Mahmad Quli-Khan) moved with a Persian army to remove Vakhtang from the position in 1723, jesse defected to the approaching Ottoman army, became Sunni Muslim and was restored as king of Kartli under the name of Mustapha Pasha. His power, however, was largely nominal and the government was actually run by a Turkish commander. Mustapha remained loyal to the Sublime Porte when the Georgians staged an abortive uprising in 1724. However, the Ottomans abolished the kingdom of Kartli on his death in 1727, imposing their direct administration.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Jesse was married twice, also keeping more than one concubine. He first married, in 1712, Princess Mariam (fl. 1692–1767), daughter of Prince Erasti Qaplanishvili-Orbeliani, whom he forcibly took from her first husband, his relative Prince Kaikhosro Amirejibi. The seasoned ex-queen Mariam, with her grandson Dimitri, followed the wave of emigration of the Georgian nobility to the Russian Empire and arrived in Astrakhan in 1765, but she was ordered to stay in that provincial city on account of her being a Roman Catholic and allegedly not a lawful wife of Jesse until Afanasy Bagration, Jesse's brother and a general in the Russian service, was able to secure for her the right to join her relatives in Moscow.

paragraph: In 1715, Iese married his second wife, Princess Elene-Begum (1687 – 27 April 1750), a daughter of King Erekle I of Kakheti, who eventually retired to a monastery under the name of Elizabeth.

paragraph: Jesse fathered eleven children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince Aleksandre (Ishaq Beg) (c. 1705–1773), born of a concubine, governor of Kartli (1743–1744). He was a grandfather of Pyotr Bagration, a Russian general of the Napoleonic Wars.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince Giorgi (Alaverdi) (1713–1762), born of Mariam. He was married to Princess Tamar Tsitsishvili and had a son, Dimitri (1747–1788).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince Archil (Abdullah Beg) (1713–1762), born of a concubine, claimant to the kingship of Kartli in the 1740s.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince David (fl. 1716–1738), born of Elene.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince Nikoloz, born of Elene.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince Ioane (died 1717), born of Elene.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Khoreshan (died 1754), born of Elene.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Princess Anastasia (died 1731), born of Elene.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince Teimuraz (1720–1788), born of Elene, Catholicos-Patriarch of Georgia as Anton I (1744–1755, 1764–1788).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prince Levan (Husayn Beg) (fl. 1748–1758), born of a concubine.

paragraph: BULLET::::- An anonymous daughter, born of a concubine.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- D.M. Lang's biography of Ali-Quli Khan in "Encyclopaedia Iranica."

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Iese Ali Quli-Khan

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Royal Ark

description: King of Georgia

wikidata_label: Jesse of Kartli

wikipedia_title: Jesse of Kartli


text:
King of Hungary
Andrew I
Béla I
Judith
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Géza
Ladislaus
Lampert
duchy
Czechs
Cumans
Battle of Mogyoród
Stephen I
Pechenegs
Byzantine Empire
Pula
Andrew I of Hungary
Anastasia of Kiev
Judith
Henry IV
King of Germany
Holy Roman Empire
Béla
seniority
ducatus
Hungarian Illuminated Chronicle
Tiszavárkony
Boleslaus the Bold
Melk
Austria
assembly of the German princes
Géza
Ladislaus
Lampert
Székesfehérvár
Moson
Győr
Pécs
Easter Sunday
arson
Hungarian Illuminated Chronicle
Benedictine
Zselicszentjakab Abbey
Palatine
Otto of the Győr clan
Bohemia
Czechs
Trencsén
Transylvania
routed them at Kerlés
Chiraleş
Annales Posonienses
Vlachs
Syrmia
Serbia
Byzantine
Belgrade
Sava
sulphurous fires
Byzantine Emperor
scabbard
Nyírség
Great Morava
Niš
Procopius of Scythopolis
relic
Orthodox
Syrmium
St Martin
St George
Otto I of Olomouc
fought at Mogyoród
Pressburg
Vác
Berthold of Reichenau
Pope Gregory VII
Burchard II of Halberstadt
Visegrád
King St. Stephen
blessed Emeric the confessor
Hartvik
Regensburg
Bernold of St Blasien
Carpathian Mountains
Lower Danube
Bulgaria
Pula
Istrian Peninsula
Simon of Kéza
Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum
Judith
Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor
Agnes de Poitou
apostle
defraud each other
Władysław I Herman
Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1526)

categories: Medieval child rulers,1053 births,1087 deaths,House of Árpád,Kings of Hungary

paragraph: Solomon, King of Hungary

paragraph: Solomon, also Salomon (; 1053 – 1087) was King of Hungary from 1063. Being the elder son of Andrew I, he was crowned king in his father's lifetime in 1057 or 1058. However, he was forced to flee from Hungary after his uncle, Béla I, dethroned Andrew in 1060. Assisted by German troops, Solomon returned and was again crowned king in 1063. On this occasion he married Judith, sister of Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor. In the following year he reached an agreement with his cousins, the three sons of Béla I. Géza, Ladislaus and Lampert acknowledged Solomon's rule, but in exchange received one-third of the kingdom as a separate duchy.

paragraph: In the following years, Solomon and his cousins jointly fought against the Czechs, the Cumans and other enemies of the kingdom. Their relationship deteriorated in the early 1070s and Géza rebelled against him. Solomon could only maintain his rule in a small zone along the western frontiers of Hungary after his defeat in the Battle of Mogyoród on 14 March 1074. He officially abdicated in 1081, but was arrested for conspiring against Géza's brother and successor, Ladislaus.

paragraph: Solomon was set free during the canonization process of the first king of Hungary, Stephen I, in 1083. In an attempt to regain his crown, Solomon allied with the Pechenegs, but King Ladislaus defeated their invading troops. According to a nearly contemporaneous source, Solomon died on a plundering raid in the Byzantine Empire. Later legends say that he survived and died as a saintly hermit in Pula (Croatia).

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Solomon was a son of King Andrew I of Hungary and his wife, Anastasia of Kiev. His parents were married in about 1038. He was born in 1053 as his parents' second child and eldest son.

paragraph: His father had him crowned king in 1057 or 1058. Solomon's coronation was a fundamental condition of his engagement to Judith, a sister of Henry IV, King of Germany. Their engagement put an end to the more than ten-year-long period of armed conflicts between Hungary and the Holy Roman Empire. However, Solomon's coronation provoked his uncle, Béla, who had until that time held a strong claim to succeed his brother Andrew according to the traditional principle of seniority. Béla had, since around 1048, administered the so-called "ducatus" or duchy, which encompassed one-third of the kingdom.

paragraph: According to the "Hungarian Illuminated Chronicle", a 14th-century chronicle:

paragraph: According to the "Illuminated Chronicle", in order to secure Solomon's succession, his father arranged a meeting with Duke Béla at the royal manor in Tiszavárkony. The king proposed that his brother choose between a crown and a sword (which were the symbols of royal and ducal power, respectively), but had previously commanded his men to murder the duke if Béla picked the crown.

paragraph: The duke, whom a courtier had informed of the king's plan, chose the crown, then left Hungary after the meeting. He sought the assistance of Duke Boleslaus the Bold of Poland and returned with Polish reinforcements. Béla emerged the victor in the ensuing civil war, during which Solomon's father was mortally injured in a battle. Solomon and his mother fled to the Holy Roman Empire and settled in Melk in Austria.

paragraph: Béla was crowned king on 6 December 1060, but the young German king's advisors, who were staunch supporters of Solomon (the fiancé of their monarch's sister), refused to conclude a peace treaty with him. In the summer of 1063, the assembly of the German princes decided to invade Hungary in order to restore Solomon. Solomon's uncle died in an accident on 11 September, before the imperial army arrived. His three sonsGéza, Ladislaus and Lampertleft for Poland.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: Accompanied back to Hungary by German troops, Solomon entered Székesfehérvár without resistance. He was ceremoniously "crowned king with the consent and acclamation of all Hungary" in September 1063, according to the "Illuminated Chronicle". The same source adds that the German monarch "seated" Solomon "upon his father's throne", but did not require him to take an oath of fealty. Solomon's marriage with Henry IV's sister, Judithwho was six years older than her future husbandalso took place on this occasion. Judith, along with her mother-in-law Anastasia, became one of her young husband's principal advisors.

paragraph: Solomon's three cousins - Géza and his brothers - returned after the German troops had been withdrawn from Hungary. They arrived with Polish reinforcements and Solomon sought refuge in the fortress of Moson at the western border of his kingdom. The Hungarian prelates began to mediate between them in order to avoid a new civil war.

paragraph: Solomon and his cousins eventually reached an agreement, which was signed in Győr on 20 January 1064. Géza and his brothers acknowledged Solomon as lawful king, and Solomon granted them their father's one-time "ducatus". In token of their reconciliation, Duke Géza put a crown on Solomon's head in the cathedral of Pécs on Easter Sunday. Their relationship remained tense; when the cathedral burned down during the following night, they initially accused each other of arson. The episode is described in the "Hungarian Illuminated Chronicle" as follows:

paragraph: The king and his cousins closely cooperated in the period between 1064 and 1071. Both Solomon and Géza were, in 1065 or 1066, present at the consecration of the Benedictine Zselicszentjakab Abbey, established by Palatine Otto of the Győr clan, a partisan of the king. They invaded Bohemia together after the Czechs had plundered the region of Trencsén (present-day Trenčín, Slovakia) in 1067. During the following year, nomadic tribes broke into Transylvania and plundered the regions, but Solomon and his cousins routed them at Kerlés (present-day Chiraleş, Romania). The identification of the marauders is uncertain: the "Annales Posonienses" and Simon of Kéza write of Pechenegs, the 14th-century Hungarian chronicles refer to Cumans, and a Russian chronicle mentions the Cumans and the Vlachs.

paragraph: Pecheneg troops pillaged Syrmia (now in Serbia) in 1071. As the king and the duke suspected that the soldiers of the Byzantine garrison at Belgrade incited the marauders against Hungary, they decided to attack the fortress. The Hungarian army crossed the river Sava, although the Byzantines "blew sulphurous fires by means of machines" against their boats. The Hungarians took Belgrade after a siege of three months. However, the Byzantine commander, Niketas, surrendered the fortress to Duke Géza instead of the king; he knew that Solomon "was a hard man and that in all things he listened to the vile counsels of Count Vid, who was detestable in the eyes both of God and men", according to the "Illuminated Chronicle".

paragraph: Division of the war-booty caused a new conflict between Solomon and his cousin, because the king granted only a quarter of the booty to the duke, who claimed its third part. Thereafter the duke negotiated with the Byzantine Emperor's envoys and set all the Byzantine captives free without the king's consent. The conflict was further sharpened by Count Vid; the "Illuminated Chronicle" narrates how the count incited the young monarch against his cousins by saying that as "two sharp swords cannot be kept in the same scabbard", so the king and the duke "cannot reign together in the same kingdom".

paragraph: The Byzantines reoccupied Belgrade in the next year. Solomon decided to invade the Byzantine Empire and ordered his cousins to accompany him. Only Géza joined the king; his brother, Ladislaus, remained with half of their troops in the Nyírség. Solomon and Géza marched along the valley of the river Great Morava as far as Niš. Here the locals made them "rich gifts of gold and silver and precious cloaks" and Solomon seized the arm of Saint Procopius of Scythopolis. He donated the relic to the Orthodox monastery of Syrmium (present-day Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia).

paragraph: After their return from the campaign, both Solomon and Géza began to make preparations for their inevitable conflict and were seeking assistance from abroad. They concluded a truce, which was to last "from the feast of St Martin until the feast of St George", from 11 November 1073 until 24 April 1074. However, Solomon chose to attack his cousin as soon as the German troops sent by his brother-in-law arrived in Hungary. The royal army crossed the river Tisza and routed the troops of Géza, who had been abandoned by many of his nobles before the battle, at Kemej on 26 February 1074.

paragraph: A strong army soon arrived in Hungary, headed by Géza's brother-in-law, Duke Otto I of Olomouc. In the decisive battle, which was fought at Mogyoród on 14 March 1074, Solomon was defeated and forced to flee from the battlefield.

paragraph: Section::::Abdication.

paragraph: After the battle of Mogyoród, Duke Géza's soldiers pursued Solomon and his men "from dawn to dusk", but they managed to take refugee in Moson, where his mother and wife had been staying. According to the "Illuminated Chronicle", the queen mother blamed her son for the defeat, which filled Solomon with so much anger that he wanted to "strike his mother in the face". His wife held him back by catching his hand.

paragraph: Thereafter, Solomon preserved only Moson and the nearby Pressburg (Bratislava, Slovakia). Other parts of the kingdom accepted the rule of Géza, who had been proclaimed king after his victory.

paragraph: Solomon sent his envoys to Henry IV and promised "six of the strongest fortified cities in Hungary" if his brother-in-law would help him to depose Géza. He was even ready to accept the German monarch's suzerainty.

paragraph: Henry IV invaded Hungary in August. He marched as far as Vác, but soon withdrew from Hungary without defeating Géza. Nevertheless, the German invasion strengthened Solomon's rule in the region of his two fortresses, where he continued to exercise all royal prerogatives, including coinage. His mother and wife left him and followed Henry IV to Germany. According to Berthold of Reichenau's "Chronicle":

paragraph: Solomon attempted to convince Pope Gregory VII to support him against Géza. However, the pope condemned him for having accepted his kingdom "as a fief from the king of the Germans" and claimed suzerainty over Hungary. Thereafter it was Henry IV's support which enabled Solomon to resist Géza's all attempts at taking Moson and Pressburg. The German monarch even sent one of his main opponents, Bishop Burchard II of Halberstadt, into exile to Solomon in June 1076. Solomon's wife, Queen Judith, who was about to return to her husband, undertook to take the imprisoned bishop to Hungary, but the prelate managed to escape.

paragraph: Géza decided to start new negotiations with Solomon. However, he died on 25 April 1077 and his partisans proclaimed his brother, Ladislaus, king. The new king occupied Moson in 1079, thus Solomon could preserve only Pressburg. In 1080 or 1081, the two cousins concluded a treaty, according to which Solomon acknowledged Ladislaus as king in exchange for "revenues sufficient to bear the expenses of a king".

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: Solomon did not give up his ambitions even after his abdication. He was arrested for plotting against his cousin, then held in captivity in Visegrád. He was released "on the occasion of the canonization of King St. Stephen and the blessed Emeric the confessor" around 17 August 1083. According to Hartvik's "Legend of King Saint Stephen", King Ladislaus ordered Solomon's release, because nobody could open the grave of the saintly king while Solomon was held in captivity.

paragraph: Having been liberated, Solomon first visited his wife in Regensburg, "although she was not grateful for this", according to the nearly contemporaneous Bernold of St Blasien. From Germany, Solomon fled to the "Cumans"in fact Pechenegs, according to the historians Gyula Kristó and Pál Engelwho were dwelling in the regions east of the Carpathian Mountains and north of the Lower Danube. Solomon promised one of their chiefs, Kutesk, that "he would give him the right of possession over the province of Transylvania and would take his daughter as wife" if Kutesk and his people would help him to regain his throne. They invaded the regions along the Upper Tisza "with a great multitude" of the "Cumans", but King Ladislaus routed and forced them to withdraw from Hungary.

paragraph: At the head of "a large contingent of Dacians" (Hungarians), Solomon joined a huge army of Cumans and Pechenegs who invaded the Byzantine Empire in 1087. The Byzantines routed the invaders in the mountains of Bulgaria. Solomon seems to have died fighting in the battlefield, because Bernold of St. Blasien narrates that he "died courageously after an incredible slaughter of the enemy after he bravely undertook an enterprise against the King of the Greeks" in 1087.

paragraph: Reports of later sources prove that Solomon became the subject of popular legends. For instance, the "Illuminated Chronicle" writes that Solomon "repented of his sins, so far as human understanding may reach" after the battle, and passed the last years of his life "in pilgrimage and prayer, in fastings and watchings, in labour and contrition". According to these sources, Solomon died in Pula on the Istrian Peninsula where he was venerated as a saint. However, he was never officially canonized. His alleged tombstone is now in a local museum. Simon of Kéza wrote in his "Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum":

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Solomon's wife, Judith, who was born in 1048, was the third daughter of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor and his second wife, Agnes de Poitou. Their wedding took place in Székesfehérvár in June 1063. The marriage remained childless. They first separated from each other around 1075. According to Bernold of St. Blasien, neither Solomon nor his wife had "kept the marriage contract: on the contrary, they had not been afraid, in opposition to the apostle, to defraud each other." Having been informed on Solomon's death, Judith married Duke Władysław I Herman of Poland in 1088. In contrast with all contemporaneous sources, the late 13th-century Simon of Kéza writes that Judith "spurned all suitors" after her husband's death, although "many princes in Germany sought her hand".

paragraph: The following family tree presents Solomon's ancestors and some of his relatives who are mentioned in the article.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1526)

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.:Primary sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Anna Comnena: The Alexiad" (Translated by E. R. A. Sewter) (1969). Penguin Books. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bernold of St Blasien, "Chronicle"" (2008). In Robinson, I. S. Eleventh-Century Germany: The Swabian Chronicles. Manchaster University Press. pp. 245–337. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Berthold of Reichenau, "Chronicle: Second Version"" (2008). In Robinson, I. S. Eleventh-Century Germany: The Swabian Chronicles. Manchaster University Press. pp. 108–244. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pope Gregory VII's letter to King Solomon of Hungary, claiming suzerainty over that kingdom". In "The Correspondence of Pope Gregory: Selected Letters from the Registrum" (Translated with and Introduction and Notes by Ephraim Emerton). Columbia University Press. pp. 48–49. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Simon of Kéza: The Deeds of the Hungarians" (Edited and translated by László Veszprémy and Frank Schaer with a study by Jenő Szűcs) (1999). CEU Press. .

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Hungarian Illuminated Chronicle:" Chronica de Gestis Hungarorum (Edited by Dezső Dercsényi) (1970). Corvina, Taplinger Publishing. .

paragraph: Section::::Sources.:Secondary sources.

paragraph: br

paragraph: BR

description: King of Hungary

wikidata_label: Solomon

wikipedia_title: Solomon, King of Hungary


text:
Major League Baseball
outfielder
New York Yankees
Pittsburgh Pirates
Amery, Wisconsin
Rice Lake, Wisconsin

categories: Shreveport Gassers players,Jersey City Skeeters players,Seattle Indians players,Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players,Quebec Bulldogs (baseball) players,Minor league baseball managers,New York Yankees players,Louisville Colonels (minor league) players,Pittsburgh Pirates players,Meriden Hopes players,Baseball players from Wisconsin,People from Amery, Wisconsin,Hartford Senators players,Major League Baseball outfielders,1890 births,1967 deaths

paragraph: Ed Barney

paragraph: Edmund J. (Ed) Barney (January 23, 1890 – October 4, 1967) was a Major League Baseball outfielder. Barney played for the New York Yankees and the Pittsburgh Pirates in and . In 88 career games, he had a .224 batting average with 61 hits in 272 at-bats. He batted left and threw right-handed.

paragraph: Barney was born in Amery, Wisconsin and died in Rice Lake, Wisconsin.

description: Major League Baseball outfielder

wikidata_label: Ed Barney

wikipedia_title: Ed Barney


text: David Bowie

text: Nine Inch Nails

text: St. Vincent

text: Free Flight

text: The Smashing Pumpkins

text: Brooklyn College

text: Rick Marotta

text: Dr. John

text: Murray Head

text: One Night in Bangkok

text: Jewish

text: I'm the One

text: Annette Peacock

text: David Bowie

text: Aladdin Sane

text: avant-garde jazz

text: atonal

text: Mick Ronson

text: Slaughter on Tenth Avenue

text: Play Don't Worry

text: We Are the Dead

text: The Buddha of Suburbia

text: 1 Outside

text: Spiders from Mars

text: Mick Woodmansey

text: Trevor Bolder

text: eponymous

text: Free Flight

text: Jim Walker

text: suite

text: film scores

text: Jessica L. Tivens

text: television show

text: Star Search

text: Discovery Records

text: The Smashing Pumpkins

text: Adore

text: Billy Corgan

text: supernatural

text: horror film

text: Stigmata

text: Machina/The Machines of God

text: Nine Inch Nails

text: The Fragile

text: No Doubt

text: Perry Farrell

text: St. Vincent

text: Trent Reznor

text: Gone Girl

text: Myspace

text: Athens, Georgia

text: Chris McKay & the Critical Darlings

text: Sleepyard

text: mathcore

text: The Dillinger Escape Plan

text: Option Paralysis

text: Roxy Music

text: Velvet Underground

text: Bell Canyon, California

text: Woolsey Fires

text: Church of Scientology

text: Chick Corea

text: Avant Garson

text: Contemporary

text: Jazzical

text: Serendipity

text: Remember Love

text: The Mystery Man

text: Oxnard Sessions, Vol.1

text: A Gershwin Fantasia

text: Oxnard Sessions, Vol.2

text: Now! Music (Volume IV)

text: Homage to My Heroes

text: Conversations with My Family

text: Resonance

text: Lost in Conversation

text: The Bowie Variations

text: Aladdin Sane

text: Pin Ups

text: Diamond Dogs

text: Young Americans

text: Ziggy Stardust - The Motion Picture

text: Black Tie White Noise

text: The Buddha of Suburbia

text: Santa Monica '72

text: Outside

text: Earthling

text: Bowie at the Beeb

text: Reality

text: Hours

text: VH1 Storytellers (David Bowie album)

text: A Reality Tour (album)

text: Mike Garson

text: ReverbNation

text: AllMusic

text: Discogs

text: Mike Garson albums to be listened

text: Spotify

categories: The Spiders from Mars members,21st-century American keyboardists,21st-century American musicians,People from Bell Canyon, California,Musicians from New York City,21st-century pianists,1945 births,Contemporary Records artists,20th-century American keyboardists,Brooklyn College alumni,The Smashing Pumpkins members,American rock keyboardists,Living people,20th-century pianists

paragraph: Mike Garson

paragraph: Michael David Garson (born July 29, 1945) is an American pianist, who has worked with David Bowie, Nine Inch Nails, St. Vincent, Free Flight and The Smashing Pumpkins. He is known for his improv style, never playing a song the same way twice.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: After graduating from Brooklyn College with a music degree in 1970, Garson was a member of rock/country/jazz band Brethren with Rick Marotta, Tom Cosgrove and Stu Woods. They recorded two hard-to-find albums, "Brethren" (1970) and "Moment of Truth" (1971), on the Tiffany label, which featured guest piano and liner notes by Dr. John (and album photography by Murray Head, who scored a hit with "Say it Ain't So Joe", "Jesus Christ Superstar", and later with the single "One Night in Bangkok"). Garson is Jewish.

paragraph: Garson also earned notice when he played on the "I'm the One" (1972) album by early 1970s experimental artist Annette Peacock. David Bowie asked Peacock to join him on a tour; she declined, but Garson began an enduring working relationship with Bowie.

paragraph: Section::::Work with David Bowie.

paragraph: Garson was David Bowie’s longest and most frequent band member. They performed together for both Bowie's first and last concerts in the United States as well as 1,000 concerts around the globe in between.

paragraph: Garson provided the piano and keyboard backing on the later Ziggy Stardust tour of 1972-73 and his contribution to the song "Aladdin Sane" (1973) gave the song an avant-garde jazz feel with lengthy and sometimes atonal piano solos.

paragraph: Garson played also for Bowie's guitarist bandmate Mick Ronson on his first and last solo tour, and his first "Slaughter on Tenth Avenue" (1974) and second solo album "Play Don't Worry" (1975). Garson came to replace Ronson as Bowie's musical lieutenant on several occasions, notably on "We Are the Dead" from the 1974 "Diamond Dogs" album, where Garson's metronome-like keyboard provides a dramatic setting for Bowie's vocals, and on the title track to "Young Americans" (1975) where his jaunty piano leads the band. Garson played with Bowie on and off over the years, resurfacing on "The Buddha of Suburbia" (1993) and "1 Outside" (1995).

paragraph: Section::::Music career.

paragraph: Parallel to this work with Bowie, Garson engaged in his own solo career as a jazz pianist. He is regarded in the industry as one of the very few 'rock' pianists capable of performing extended piano solos. He remains one of the most highly sought-after session musicians with a unique sound of his own.

paragraph: Garson worked with the reformed Spiders from Mars in 1975, alongside Mick Woodmansey, Trevor Bolder, Dave Black (guitar) and Pete McDonald (vocals). They recorded one eponymous album in 1976 before going their separate ways.

paragraph: In 1984, Garson became a member of the jazz ensemble Free Flight, founded by flautist Jim Walker.

paragraph: In 1993, Garson began a short-lived series of "Screen Themes" albums, jazz renditions of major themes and suites from film scores of 1993 ("Man & a Woman, Sax at the Movies"), and the following year, 1994 ("Reel Romance"). The latter album featured the recording debut of Jessica L. Tivens, at age 13, who had previously appeared on the American television show "Star Search". Both albums were released by Discovery Records.

paragraph: Garson joined in 1998 The Smashing Pumpkins for their "Adore" tour, playing piano, keyboards and synthesizer. His piano playing was an integral part of the Pumpkins' performance. After the tour, he joined The Smashing Pumpkins guitarist Billy Corgan on his solo effort—the soundtrack for the 1999 supernatural horror film "Stigmata". Additionally Garson played piano on The Smashing Pumpkins next 2000 album "Machina/The Machines of God" on the songs "Glass and the Ghost Children" and "With Every Light".

paragraph: Garson has played also on Nine Inch Nails 1999 album "The Fragile", in 2000 with No Doubt and Perry Farrell, in 2007 with St. Vincent, and many others. Garson collaborated with Nine Inch Nails singer Trent Reznor again on for the Grammy nominated score to the 2014 "Gone Girl" film on which they collaborated and Garson performed.

paragraph: Mike Garson appeared on Myspace with his own music site, and to date has released some 50 free tracks. He is currently working on three new albums, as well as collaborating with several bands as touring player/session musician. His latest collaboration shows up on the last "met-on-Myspace" French artist Kuta's 2007 album "A Home". Garson also contributed to and received co writing credit on the track "Something Unseen" by Athens, Georgia based power pop band Chris McKay & the Critical Darlings. He has also been collaborating with the Norwegian band Sleepyard. In addition to this, he worked on the writing and recording of two songs on mathcore band The Dillinger Escape Plan's 2010 release, "Option Paralysis."

paragraph: In 2011, Garson contributed a remarkable piano solo to "Night Garden", a pop-psychedelic-Latin jazz song by singer-songwriter Johnny J. Blair. The track was issued on Blair's album "I Like the Street" , an album that drew comparisons to David Bowie, Roxy Music, and Velvet Underground.

paragraph: Garson premiered a new commissioned work in 2014, written in collaboration with medical patients in partnership with brain surgeon Dr. Christopher Duma of the Foundation for Neuroscience, Stroke and Recovery. Mike’s work, a set of movements of original music compositions, titled “Symphonic Healing Suite” which will continue with the National Symphony in 2016 along with Garson’s latest solo album release.

paragraph: A comprehensive biography of Garson's life and career to date was published in 2015, under the title "Bowie's Piano Man: The Life of Mike Garson", by Clifford Slapper.

paragraph: Section::::Current work.

paragraph: Garson performed in the critically acclaimed global concert series Celebrating David Bowie from early 2017 through early 2018 and headlined a tour of the UK in November 2017 with his Aladdin Sane tour. Mike and fellow David Bowie band alumni began touring in 2018 with their new show A Bowie Celebration: The David Bowie Alumni Tour and continues the tour in 2019.

paragraph: In December 2018, Garson returned to perform with both The Smashing Pumpkins and Nine Inch Nails in separate Los Angeles area concerts.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Garson married his wife, Susan on March 24, 1968. They have two daughters, Jennifer and Heather along with seven grandchildren. They lived in Bell Canyon, California where Garson had his recording studio, until the Woolsey Fires hit, leveling both Garson's home and studio to the ground.

paragraph: Garson joined the Church of Scientology in 1970, having been introduced to it by Chick Corea. While he played with Bowie he advocated Scientology to the other members of the Spiders from Mars, with Woodmansey converting as a result. Garson left the Church in 1982.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Avant Garson" (Contemporary, 1979)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jazzical" (1982)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Serendipity" (Reference Recordings, 1986)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Remember Love" (1989)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Mystery Man" (1990)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Oxnard Sessions, Vol.1" (Reference, 1990)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Gershwin Fantasia" (Reference, 1992)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Oxnard Sessions, Vol.2" (Reference, 1992)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Now! Music (Volume IV)" (1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Homage to My Heroes" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Conversations with My Family" (Resonance, 2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Lost in Conversation" (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mike Garson's Jazz Hat" (Reference, 2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Bowie Variations" (Reference, 2011, HDCD)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Wild Out West" (2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Symphonic Suite for Healing" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- With David Bowie

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Aladdin Sane" (1973)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pin Ups" (1973)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Diamond Dogs" (1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "David Live" (1974)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Young Americans" (1975)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ziggy Stardust - The Motion Picture" (1983)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Black Tie White Noise" (1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Buddha of Suburbia" (1993)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Santa Monica '72" (1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Outside" (1995)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Earthling" (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bowie at the Beeb" (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Reality" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hours" (2004 bonus track)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "VH1 Storytellers (David Bowie album)" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Reality Tour (album)" (2010)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mike Garson at ReverbNation

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mike Garson biography by Scott Yanow biography, discography and album reviews, credits & releases at AllMusic

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mike Garson discography, album releases & credits at Discogs

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mike Garson albums to be listened as stream on Spotify

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Mike Garson

wikipedia_title: Mike Garson


text: ice hockey

text: Forward

text: Växjö Lakers

text: Swedish Hockey League

text: Herlev Hornets

text: Finnish

text: SM-liiga

text: Tappara

text: Kontinental Hockey League

text: Jokerit

text: Denmark

categories: Jokerit players,Danish ice hockey players,Linköpings HC players,1988 births,People from Rødovre,Malmö Redhawks players,Växjö Lakers players,Tappara players,Herlev Hornets players,Living people

paragraph: Nichlas Hardt

paragraph: Nichlas Hardt (born 6 July 1988) is a Danish professional ice hockey Forward who currently plays for the Växjö Lakers of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL).

paragraph: Section::::Playing career.

paragraph: Hardt was selected Rookie of the Year in the Danish ice hockey league in 2007, where he represented the Herlev Hornets. Despite his relatively small stature, Hardt is known for his physical style of play, throwing many hits while being a relentless forechecker.

paragraph: He became the first Danish player to play in the top Finnish league, the SM-liiga, when he joined Tappara towards the end of the 2007–08 season. In the playoffs, he enjoyed considerable success for Tappara, registering 4 goals and 3 assists in 11 games as Tappara went on to finish third in the playoffs and win the bronze medals.

paragraph: On 16 April 2014, Hardt left Kontinental Hockey League bound Jokerit after three seasons and signed a contract with SHL club, Linköpings HC for the 2014–15 season.

paragraph: Section::::International play.

paragraph: He represented Denmark at the 2008 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships and again at the 2008 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships and 2010 Men's World Ice Hockey Championships.

description: Danish ice hockey player

wikidata_label: Nichlas Hardt

wikipedia_title: Nichlas Hardt