text:
bog body
peat
bog
Lindow Moss
Wilmslow
Cheshire
North West England
Lindow Woman
Iron Age
Romano-British
freeze-drying
British Museum
Manchester Museum
common land
medieval
last ice age
Mersey basin
lowland raised mire
radiocarbon dated
Rick Turner
County Archaeologist
Macclesfield
District General Hospital
Middlesex Hospital
"Q.E.D."
BBC
Grauballe Man
Tollund Man
Denmark
osteoarthritis
whipworm
maw worm
keratin
radiocarbon dated
Iron Age
cereal
mistletoe
British Museum
Xeroradiography
Don Brothwell
computer tomography (CT) scans
Worsley Man
inhumation
overkill
triple death
polyethylene glycol
control the environment
British Museum
Manchester Museum
Great North Museum
Council for British Archaeology
Haraldskær Woman
Ötzi
List of bog bodies

categories: Iron Age Britain,History of Cheshire,Archaeological sites in Cheshire,Year of birth unknown,Romano-British objects in the British Museum,Bog bodies,Deaths by strangulation,1st-century deaths

paragraph: Lindow Man

paragraph: Lindow Man, also known as Lindow II and (in jest) as Pete Marsh, is the preserved bog body of a man discovered in a peat bog at Lindow Moss near Wilmslow in Cheshire, North West England. The human remains were found on 1 August 1984 by commercial peat-cutters. Lindow Man is not the only bog body to have been found in the moss; Lindow Woman was discovered the year before, and other body parts have also been recovered. The find, described as "one of the most significant archaeological discoveries of the 1980s", caused a media sensation. It helped invigorate study of British bog bodies, which had previously been neglected in comparison to those found in the rest of Europe.

paragraph: At the time of death, Lindow Man was a healthy male in his mid-20s, and he may have been someone of high status, as his body shows little evidence of heavy or rough work. There has been debate over the reason for Lindow Man's death, because the nature of his demise was violent, perhaps ritualistic; after a last meal of charred bread, Lindow Man was strangled, hit on the head, and his throat cut. Dating the body has proven problematic, but it is thought that Lindow Man was deposited into Lindow Moss, face down, some time between 2 BC and 119 AD, in either the Iron Age or Romano-British period.

paragraph: The recovered body has been preserved by freeze-drying and is on permanent display at the British Museum, although it occasionally travels to other venues such as the Manchester Museum.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: Section::::Background.:Lindow Moss.

paragraph: Lindow Moss is a peat bog in Lindow, an area of Wilmslow, Cheshire, which has been used as common land since the medieval period. It formed after the last ice age, one of many such peat bogs in north-east Cheshire and the Mersey basin that formed in hollows caused by melting ice. Investigations have not yet discovered settlement or agricultural activity around the edge of Lindow Moss that would have been contemporary with Lindow Man; however, analysis of pollen in the peat suggests there was some cultivation in the vicinity. Once covering over , the bog has now shrunk to a tenth of its original size. It is a dangerous place; an 18th-century writer recorded people drowning there. For centuries the peat from the bog was used as fuel, and it continued to be extracted until the 1980s, by which time the process had been mechanised. Lindow Moss is a lowland raised mire; this type of peat bog often produces the best preserved bog bodies, allowing more detailed analysis. Lowland raised mires occur mainly in northern England and extend south to the Midlands. Lindow Man is one of 27 bodies to be recovered from such areas.

paragraph: Section::::Background.:Lindow Woman.

paragraph: On 13 May 1983, two peat workers at Lindow Moss, Andy Mould and Stephen Dooley, noticed an unusual object—about the size of a football—on the elevator taking peat to the shredding machine. They removed the object for closer inspection, joking that it was a dinosaur egg. Once the peat had been removed, their discovery turned out to be a decomposing, incomplete human head with one eye and some hair intact. Forensics identified the skull as belonging to a European woman, probably aged 30–50. Police initially thought the skull was that of Malika Reyn-Bardt, who had disappeared in 1960 and was the subject of an ongoing investigation. While in prison on another charge, her husband, Peter Reyn-Bardt, had boasted that he had killed his wife and buried her in the back garden of their bungalow, which was on the edge of the area of mossland where peat was being dug. The garden was examined but no body was recovered there. When Reyn-Bardt was confronted with the discovery of the skull from Lindow Moss, he confessed to the murder of his wife. It was later radiocarbon dated, revealing it to be nearly 2,000 years old. "Lindow Woman", as it became known, dated from around 210 AD. This emerged shortly before Reyn-Bardt went to trial, but he was convicted on the evidence of his confession.

paragraph: Section::::Discovery.

paragraph: A year later a further discovery was made at Lindow Moss, just south-west of the Lindow Woman. On 1 August 1984, Andy Mould, who had been involved in the discovery of Lindow Woman, took what he thought was a piece of wood off the elevator of the peat-shredding machine. He threw the object at Eddie Slack, his workmate. When it hit the ground, peat fell off the object and revealed it to be a human foot. The police were called and the foot was taken away for examination. Rick Turner, the Cheshire County Archaeologist, was notified of the discovery and succeeded in finding the rest of the body, which later became known as Lindow Man. Some skin had been exposed and had started to decay, so to prevent further deterioration of the body, it was re-covered with peat. The complete excavation of the block containing the remains was performed on 6 August. Until it could be dated, it was moved to the Macclesfield District General Hospital for storage. As the body of Malika Reyn-Bardt had still not been found, it was thought possible the body might be hers, until it was determined to be male, and radiocarbon dated. The owners of the land on which Lindow Man was found donated the body to the British Museum, and on 21 August it was transported to London.

paragraph: At the time, the body was dubbed "Pete Marsh" (a pun on "peat marsh") by Middlesex Hospital radiologists, a name subsequently adopted by local journalists, as was the similar "Pete Bogg" (a pun on "peat bog"). The find was announced to the press during the second week of investigation. As the best preserved bog body found in Britain, its discovery caused a domestic media sensation and received global coverage. Sparking excitement in the country's archaeological community, who had long expected such a find, it was hailed as one of the most important archaeological discoveries of the 1980s. A "Q.E.D." documentary about Lindow Man broadcast by the BBC in 1985 attracted 10 million viewers.

paragraph: Lindow Man's official name is Lindow II, as there are other finds from the area: Lindow I (Lindow Woman) refers to a human skull, Lindow III to a "fragmented headless body", and Lindow IV to the upper thigh of an adult male, possibly that of Lindow Man. After the discovery of Lindow Man, there were no further archaeological excavations at Lindow Moss until 1987. A large piece of skin was found by workmen on the elevator on 6 February 1987. On this occasion, the police left the investigation to the archaeologists. Over 70 pieces were found, constituting Lindow III. Although the bone was not as well preserved as that of Lindow Man, the other tissues survived in better condition. The final discovery was that of Lindow IV on 14 June 1988. Part of a left leg and buttocks were found on the elevator, from a site just west of where Lindow Man was found. Nearly three months later, on 12 September, a right thigh was discovered in the peat on the bucket of a digger. The proximity of the discovery sites, coupled with the fact that the remains were shown to come from an adult male, means that Lindow IV is probably part of Lindow Man.

paragraph: Section::::Remains and investigation.

paragraph: Lindow Man marked the first discovery in Britain of a well-preserved bog body; its condition was comparable to that of Grauballe Man and Tollund Man from Denmark. Before Lindow Man was found, it was estimated that 41 bog bodies had been found in England and Wales and 15 in Scotland. Encouraged by the discovery of Lindow Man, a gazetteer was compiled, which revealed a far higher number of bog bodies: over 85 in England and Wales and over 36 in Scotland. Prior to the discovery of the bodies in Lindow Moss, British bog bodies had been a relatively neglected subject compared to European examples. The interest caused by Lindow Man led to more in-depth research of accounts of discoveries in bogs since the 17th century; by 1995, the numbers had changed to 106 in England and Wales and 34 in Scotland. The remains covered a large time frame.

paragraph: In life, Lindow Man would have measured between 5'6" and 5'8" (1.68 and 1.73 m) tall and weighed about . It was possible to ascertain that his age at death was around the mid-20s. The body retains a trimmed beard, moustache, and sideburns of brown hair, as well as healthy teeth with no visible cavities, and manicured fingernails, indicating he did little heavy or rough work. Apart from a fox-fur armband, Lindow Man was discovered completely naked. When he died, Lindow Man was suffering from slight osteoarthritis and an infestation of whipworm and maw worm. As a result of decalcification of the bones and pressure from the peat under which Lindow Man was buried, his skull was distorted. While some preserved human remains may contain DNA, peat bogs such as Lindow Moss are generally poor for such a purpose, and it is unlikely that DNA could be recovered from Lindow Man.

paragraph: Lindow Man and Lindow III were found to have elevated levels of copper on their skin. The cause for this was uncertain as there could have been natural causes, although a study by Pyatt "et al." proposed that the bodies may have been painted with a copper-based pigment. To test this, skin samples were taken from places likely to be painted and tested against samples from areas where painting was unlikely. It was found that the copper content of the skin of the torso was higher than the control areas, suggesting that the theory of Pyatt "et al." may have been correct. However, the conclusion was ambiguous as the overall content was above that expected of a male, and variations across the body may have been due to environmental factors. Similarly, green deposits were found in the hair, originally thought to be a copper-based pigment used for decoration, but it was later found to be the result of a reaction between the keratin in the hair and the acid of the peat bog.

paragraph: Dating Lindow Man is problematic as samples from the body and surrounding peat have produced dates spanning a 900-year period. Although the peat encasing Lindow Man has been radiocarbon dated to about 300 BC, Lindow Man himself has a different date. Early tests at different laboratories returned conflicting dates for the body; later tests suggested a date between 2 BC and 119 AD. There has been a tendency to ascribe the body to the Iron Age period rather than Roman due to the interpretation that Lindow Man's death may have been a ritual sacrifice or execution. Explanations for why the peat in which he was found is much older have been sought. Archaeologist P. C. Buckland suggests that as the stratigraphy of the peat appears undisturbed, Lindow Man may have been deposited into a pool that was already some 300 years old. Geographer K. E. Barber has argued against this hypothesis, saying that pools at Lindow Moss would have been too shallow, and suggests that the peat may have been peeled back to allow the burial and then replaced, leaving the stratigraphy apparently undisturbed.

paragraph: Lindow Man's last meal was preserved in his stomach and intestines and was analysed in some detail. It was hoped that investigations into the contents of the stomach would shed light on the contemporary diet, as was the case with Grauballe Man and Tollund Man in the 1950s. The analysis of the contents of the digestive system of bog bodies had become one of the principal endeavours of investigating such remains. Analysis of the grains present revealed his diet to be mostly of cereals. He probably ate slightly charred bread, although the burning may have had ritual significance rather than being an accident. Some mistletoe pollen was also found in the stomach, indicating that Lindow Man died in March or April.

paragraph: One of the conclusions of the study was that the people buried in Lindow Moss may have had a less varied diet than their European counterparts. According to Jody Joy, curator of the Iron Age collection at the British Museum, the importance of Lindow Man lies more in how he lived rather than how he died, as the circumstances surrounding his demise may never be fully established.

paragraph: Section::::Remains and investigation.:Death.

paragraph: As the peat was cleaned off the body in the laboratory, it became clear that Lindow Man had suffered a violent death. The injuries included a V-shaped, cut on top of his head; a possible laceration at the back of the head, ligature marks on the neck where a sinew cord was found, a possible wound on the right side of the neck, a possible stab wound in the upper right chest, a broken neck, and a fractured rib. Xeroradiography revealed that the blow on top of the head (causing the V-shaped cut) was caused by a relatively blunt object; it had fractured the skull and driven fragments into the brain. Swelling along the edges of the wound indicated that Lindow Man had lived after being struck. The blow, possibly from a small axe, would have caused unconsciousness, but Lindow Man could have survived for several hours afterwards. The ligature marks on the neck were caused by tightening the sinew cord found around his neck, possibly a garrotte or necklace.

paragraph: It is not possible to confirm whether some injuries took place before or after death, due to the body's state of decay. This is the case for the wound in the upper right chest and the laceration on the back of the skull. The cut on the right of the neck may have been the result of the body becoming bloated, causing the skin to split; however, the straight edges to the wound suggest that it may have been caused by a sharp instrument, such as a knife. The ligature marks on the neck may have occurred after death. In some interpretations of Lindow Man's death, the sinew is a garrotte used to break the man's neck. However, Robert Connolly, a lecturer in physical anthropology, suggests that the sinew may have been ornamental and that ligature marks may have been caused by the body swelling when submerged. The rib fracture may also have occurred after death, perhaps during the discovery of the body, but is included in some narratives of Lindow Man's death. The broken neck would have proven the fatal injury, whether caused by the sinew cord tightening around the neck or by blows to the back of the head. After death, Lindow Man was deposited into Lindow Moss face down.

paragraph: Section::::Interpretation.

paragraph: Archaeologist Don Brothwell considers that many of the older bodies need re-examining with modern techniques, such as those used in the analysis of Lindow Man. The study of bog bodies, including these found in Lindow Moss, has contributed to a wider understanding of well-preserved human remains, helping to develop new methods in analysis and investigation. The use of sophisticated techniques, such as computer tomography (CT) scans, has marked the investigation of the Lindow bodies as particularly important. Such scans allow the reconstruction of the body and internal examination. Of the 27 bodies recovered from lowland raised mires in England and Wales, only those from Lindow Moss and the remains of Worsley Man have survived, together with a shoe from another body. The remains have a date range from the early 1st to the 4th centuries. Investigation into the other bodies relies on contemporary descriptions of the discovery.

paragraph: The physical evidence allows a general reconstruction of how Lindow Man was killed, although some details are debated, but it does not explain why he was killed. In North West England, there is little evidence for religious or ritual activity in the Iron Age period. What evidence does survive is usually in the form of artefacts recovered from peat bogs. Late Iron Age burials in the region often took the form of a crouched inhumation, sometimes with personal ornaments. Although dated to the mid-1st century AD, the type of burial of Lindow Man was more common in the pre-historic period. In the latter half of the 20th century, scholars widely believed that bog bodies demonstrating injuries to the neck or head area were examples of ritual sacrifice. Bog bodies were associated with Germanic and Celtic cultures, specifically relating to head worship.

paragraph: According to Brothwell, Lindow Man is one of the most complex examples of "overkill" in a bog body, and possibly has ritual meaning as it was "extravagant" for a straightforward murder. Archaeologists John Hodgson and Mark Brennand suggest that bog bodies may have been related to religious practice, although there is division in the academic community over this issue. In the case of Lindow Man, scholars debate whether the killing was murder or done as part of ritual. Anne Ross, an expert on Iron Age religion, proposed that the death was an example of human sacrifice and that the "triple death" (throat cut, strangled, and hit on the head) was an offering to several different gods. The wide date range for Lindow Man's death (2 BC to 119 AD) means he may have met his demise after the Romans conquered northern England in the 60s AD. As the Romans outlawed human sacrifice, such timing would open up other possibilities. This conclusion was emphasised by historian Ronald Hutton, who challenged the interpretation of sacrificial death. Connolly suggests that as Lindow Man was found naked, he could have been the victim of a violent robbery.

paragraph: Joy said,

paragraph: "The jury really is still out on these bodies, whether they were aristocrats, priests, criminals, outsiders, whether they went willingly to their deaths or whether they were executed – but Lindow was a very remote place in those days, an unlikely place for an ambush or a murder".

paragraph: Section::::Conservation.

paragraph: Environment and situation are the crucial factors that determine how corpses decay. For instance, corpses will decay differently depending on the weather, the way they are buried, and the medium in which they are buried. Peat slows the decay of corpses. It was feared that, once Lindow Man was removed from that environment, which had preserved the body for nearly 2,000 years, the remains would rapidly start to deteriorate, so steps were taken to ensure preservation. After rejecting methods that had been used to maintain the integrity of other bog bodies, such as the "pit-tanning" used on Grauballe Man, which took a year and a half, scientists settled on freeze-drying. In preparation, the body was covered in a solution of 15% polyethylene glycol 400 and 85% water to prevent its becoming distorted. The body was then frozen solid and the ice vaporised to ensure Lindow Man did not shrink. Afterwards, Lindow Man was put in a specially constructed display case to control the environment, maintaining the temperature at and the humidity at 55%.

paragraph: Lindow Man is held in the British Museum. Before the remains were transferred there, people from North West England launched an unsuccessful campaign to keep the body in Manchester. The bog body has been on temporary display in other venues: at the Manchester Museum on three occasions, April to , March to , and to ; and at the Great North Museum in Newcastle from August to . The 2008–09 Manchester display, titled "Lindow Man: A Bog Body Mystery Exhibition at the Manchester Museum", won the category "Best Archaeological Innovation" in the 2010 British Archaeological Awards, run by the Council for British Archaeology.

paragraph: Critics have complained that, by museum display of the remains, the body of Lindow Man has been objectified rather than treated with the respect due the dead. This is part of a wider discussion about the scientific treatment of human remains and museum researchers and archaeologists using them as information sources.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Haraldskær Woman

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ötzi

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of bog bodies

alias:
Lindow II
Pete Marsh

description: Iron Age bog body found in England who was beaten with a club and had his throat cut before death

wikidata_label: Lindow Man

wikipedia_title: Lindow Man


text: The Bungle Family

text: Chicago, Illinois

text: St. Louis, Missouri

text: World Color Printing

text: St. Louis Star

text: St. Louis Post-Dispatch

text: Washington University

text: St. Louis Star

text: New York Evening Mail

text: McClure Syndicate

text: McNaught Syndicate

text: Rick Marschall

text: Moon Mullins

text: topper

text: Ferguson, Missouri

text: St. Louis Public Library

text: Toonopedia

categories: 1886 births,American comic strip cartoonists,St. Louis Post-Dispatch people

paragraph: Harry J. Tuthill

paragraph: Harry J. Tuthill (May 10, 1885–January 25, 1957)was an American cartoonist best known for his comic strip "The Bungle Family".

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born in Chicago, Illinois, he grew up in the tenements and worked as a newsboy, quitting when a tough guy muscled in on his corner. At age 15, he traveled the midwest, finding employment with a foot surgeon, selling baking powder, patented eggbeaters and pictures, plus working as a medicine show barker in a street carnival. As he recalled, he left "to work on and at such things as selling enlarged pictures, soliciting for a corn doctor, and for one delirious season carrying on with a medicine show. I would not mention these things except that I feel what may be a pardonable pride in their diversity."

paragraph: During his late teens, he settled in St. Louis, Missouri, where he was employed for $10 a week as a foreman at the St. Louis Dairy, where he washed milk cans for seven years.

paragraph: By the age of 30, he still had not sold any cartoons. Finding encouragement on his artwork from Bob Grable of World Color Printing, he worked for the "St. Louis Star" and then moved to the "St. Louis Post-Dispatch". He took night classes at Washington University, studying engineering and art, and signed on as a full-time cartoonist with the "St. Louis Star" during World War I, doing a strip titled "Lafe" about a lazy handyman, and attracting national attention for his editorial cartoons.

paragraph: Section::::Comic strips.

paragraph: In 1918, Tuthill launched "Home Sweet Home", a strip about apartment life, in the "New York Evening Mail". During the six-year run, it introduced George and Josephine Bungle, and he retitled it as "The Bungle Family" in 1924. Distributed initially by the McClure Syndicate and later by the McNaught Syndicate, the strip was carried by 120 newspapers. Comics historian Rick Marschall praised Tuthill's work, "Seldom has there been a strip ("Moon Mullins" comes to mind) registering a sustained, masterful indictment of "petite-bourgeois" sensibilities and preoccupations as did "The Bungle Family"."

paragraph: He also drew "Alice and Her Bothersome Little Brother" and "Napoleon Blunder" during the 1920s. "Little Brother" ran as a topper strip to "The Bungle Family". Tuthill’s strips from 1919 to 1926 were created in his home studio at 4537 Tower Grove Place in St. Louis, eventually moving to Ferguson, Missouri outside St. Louis. His sister, Irene Morrisson, also lived in the St. Louis area.

paragraph: Tuthill continued to draw "The Bungle Family" for McNaught until he had a dispute with the syndicate in 1939, which no longer carried the strip in 1942. After a hiatus, the strip returned — syndicated by Tuthill himself — on May 16, 1943, with newspapers running a promotional banner, "The Bungles Are Back!" It ran for two more years until 1945 when Tuthill retired.

paragraph: He died of heart disease in 1957.

paragraph: His son, Harold Tuthill, who worked for 47 years as a "St. Louis Post-Dispatch" sports writer, died of a heart ailment in 1988 at the age of 82.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harry J. Tuthill Editorial Cartoons Collection at St. Louis Public Library

paragraph: BULLET::::- Toonopedia

alias:
Harry Tuthill
H.J. Tuthill
H. J. Tuthill

description: cartoonist

wikidata_label: Harry J. Tuthill

wikipedia_title: Harry J. Tuthill


text:
Oberleutnant
Luftwaffe
World War II
Bristol Channel
English Channel
Focke-Wulf 190
RAF Pembrey
the Allies
Jagdgeschwader 2
Wing
Morlaix
Brittany
commando raid
Bostons
light bombers
310 Squadron
312 Squadron
313 Squadron
Alois Vašátko
Exeter
Immelmann turn
Black Dog, Devon
RAF Pembrey
flare gun
RAF Fairwood Common
David Atcherley
Richard Atcherley
prisoner of war
Canada
Group Captain
Hugh Wilson
Royal Aircraft Establishment
RAF Farnborough
Air Fighting Development Unit
RAF Duxford
Spitfire Mk.IX
No. 1426 (Enemy Aircraft) Flight
Shoreham Aircraft Museum
Brno

categories: Luftwaffe pilots,Possibly living people,Year of birth missing,German World War II pilots

paragraph: Armin Faber

paragraph: Oberleutnant Armin Faber was a German "Luftwaffe" pilot in World War II who mistook the Bristol Channel for the English Channel and landed his Focke-Wulf 190 (Fw 190) intact at RAF Pembrey in south Wales. His plane was the first Fw 190 to be captured by the Allies and was tested to reveal any weaknesses that could be exploited.

paragraph: Section::::23 June 1942.

paragraph: In June 1942, "Oberleutnant" (highest lieutenant officer rank) Armin Faber was "Gruppen-Adjutant" (performing administrative and personnel paperwork duties as well as flight duties) to the commander of the III fighter "Gruppe" of "Jagdgeschwader 2" (JG 2, Second Fighter Wing) based in Morlaix in Brittany. On 23 June, he was given special permission to fly a combat mission with 7th "Staffel" (squadron); a unit that flew Focke-Wulf 190 (Fw 190) fighters.

paragraph: The Fw 190 had only recently arrived with front line units at this time and its superior performance had caused the Allies so many problems that they were considering mounting a commando raid on a French airfield to capture one for evaluation.

paragraph: 7th "Staffel" (squadron) was scrambled to intercept a force of six Bostons light bombers returning from a bombing mission; the Bostons were escorted by three Czechoslovak-manned RAF squadrons, 310 Squadron, 312 Squadron and 313 Squadron commanded by Alois Vašátko. All the Bostons returned safely while a fight developed over the English Channel with the escorting Spitfires, which resulted in the loss of two Fw 190s and seven Spitfires, including that of Alois Vašátko, who was killed when he collided with an Fw 190 (the German pilot bailed out and was captured).

paragraph: During the combat, Faber became disoriented and separated from the other German aircraft. He was attacked by Sergeant of 310 Squadron. In his efforts to shake off the Spitfire, Faber flew north over Exeter in Devon. After much high-speed manoeuvring, Faber, with only one cannon working, pulled an Immelmann turn into the sun and shot down his pursuer in a head-on attack.

paragraph: Trejtnar bailed out safely, although he had a shrapnel wound in his arm and sustained a broken leg on landing; his Spitfire crashed near the village of Black Dog, Devon. Meanwhile, the disorientated Faber now mistook the Bristol Channel for the English Channel and flew north instead of south. Thinking South Wales was France, he turned towards the nearest airfield - RAF Pembrey. Observers on the ground could not believe their eyes as Faber waggled his wings in a victory celebration, lowered the Focke-Wulf's undercarriage and landed.

paragraph: The Pembrey Duty Pilot, Sergeant Jeffreys, identified the aircraft as German while it was landing and he ordered his men to signal it to park in the dispersal area. As the Fw 190 slowed, he jumped onto its wing and took Faber prisoner with a flare gun; as Pembrey was a training station, Jeffreys had no other weapon to hand. Faber was "so despondent that he attempted suicide" unsuccessfully.

paragraph: Faber was later driven to RAF Fairwood Common for interrogation under the escort of Group Captain David Atcherley (twin brother of Richard Atcherley). Atcherley, fearful of an escape attempt, aimed his revolver at Faber for the entire journey. At one point the car hit a pothole, causing the weapon to fire; the shot only narrowly missed Faber.

paragraph: As a prisoner of war, Faber was sent to Canada where he attempted to escape from the prisoner camp. He was repatriated just before the end of the war due to ill health.

paragraph: Section::::Focke-Wulf 190A-3.

paragraph: Faber's plane was a Fw 190A-3 with the "Werknummer" 313. It was the only Fw 190 fighter to be captured intact by the Allies during the war. All other captured Fw 190s were either of the long-range bomber or fighter-bomber types.

paragraph: Group Captain Hugh Wilson, the pilot mainly responsible for test flying captured enemy aircraft, was asked to fly "313" from RAF Pembrey to RAF Farnborough under the guarantee not to crash. This was an impossible guarantee to give, so the aircraft was dismantled and transported via lorry instead.

paragraph: At Farnborough, the Fw 190 was repainted in RAF colours and given the RAF serial number "MP499" and a 'P' for prototype. Testing and evaluation commenced on 3 July 1942 at the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE) at RAF Farnborough. Roughly nine flying hours were recorded, providing the Allies with extremely valuable intelligence.

paragraph: After 10 days it was transferred to the Air Fighting Development Unit at RAF Duxford for tactical assessment, where it was flown in mock combat trials against the new Spitfire Mk.IX, providing the RAF with methods to best fight the Fw 190A with their new fighter. The Fw 190 was then transferred to No. 1426 (Enemy Aircraft) Flight. The Fw 190 was flown 29 times between 3 July 1942 and 29 January 1943. It was then partially dismantled and tests done on engine performance at Farnborough. It was "struck off charge" on 18 September 1943 and scrapped.

paragraph: Section::::Surviving relics.

paragraph: The Shoreham Aircraft Museum displays the armoured-glass windscreen of Faber's Fw 190, together with part of its control panel. The museum also holds some wreckage fragments of František Trejtnar's Spitfire. In 1991, Armin Faber visited the museum and presented it with his officer's dagger and pilot's badge. The quick release buckle of the parachute František Trejtnar used that day is owned by an aviation-themed cafe at The Moravian Museum in Brno, in the Czech Republic.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bibliography

description: German World War II fighter pilot

wikidata_label: Armin Faber

wikipedia_title: Armin Faber


text: rear admiral

text: United States Navy

text: General

text: Douglas MacArthur

text: Southwest Pacific Area

text: World War II

text: United States Naval Academy

text: Annapolis, Maryland

text: destroyer

text: United States occupation of Nicaragua

text: Naval War College

text: Newport, Rhode Island

text: United States Naval Institute

text: air observer

text: United States Army Air Corps

text: Maxwell Field

text: Battle of Leyte Gulf

text: VII Amphibious Force

text: Amphibious Forces, Atlantic Fleet

text: tombstone promotion

text: Philadelphia

text: Philadelphia Central High School

text: Bachelor of Arts

text: Naval Academy Preparatory School

text: United States Naval Academy

text: Annapolis, Maryland

text: George W. Edmonds

text: Lucky Bag

text: battleship

text: World War I

text: ensign

text: World War I

text: destroyer tender

text: League Island Navy Yard

text: Germantown

text: destroyer

text: Black Sea

text: Russian Civil War

text: United States occupation of Nicaragua

text: Naval Postgraduate School

text: Naval War College

text: Newport, Rhode Island

text: United States Naval Institute

text: Asiatic Fleet

text: University of California

text: Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps

text: Robert Gordon Sproul

text: battleship

text: lieutenant commander

text: Bureau of Navigation

text: U.S. Pacific Fleet

text: commander

text: Naval Air Station Pensacola

text: United States Army Air Corps

text: Maxwell Field

text: air observer

text: captain

text: Supreme Commander

text: Southwest Pacific Area

text: General

text: Douglas MacArthur

text: Herbert J. Ray

text: escaped from the Philippines

text: Chester Nimitz

text: Brigadier General

text: Stephen J. Chamberlin

text: Battle of Leyte

text: Surigao Strait

text: Charles A. Willoughby

text: Battle of Leyte Gulf

text: Battle of Surigao Strait

text: Battle off Samar

text: Randall Jacobs

text: Legion of Merit

text: VII Amphibious Force

text: Daniel E. Barbey

text: commodore

text: William Fechteler

text: Albert G. Noble

text: Arthur D. Struble

text: Amphibious Forces, Atlantic Fleet

text: Eleventh Naval District

text: San Diego, California

text: tombstone promotion

text: Coronado, California

text: Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery

text: San Diego, California

text: Norfolk, Virginia

categories: United States Naval Academy alumni,American naval personnel of World War II,Recipients of the Legion of Merit,1897 births,American military personnel of World War I,United States Navy admirals,Military personnel from Philadelphia,United States Navy World War II admirals,1986 deaths

paragraph: Raymond D. Tarbuck

paragraph: Raymond D. Tarbuck (4 May 1897 – 15 November 1986) was a rear admiral in the United States Navy who is best known as a planner with General Douglas MacArthur's General Headquarters (GHQ) Southwest Pacific Area during World War II.

paragraph: A 1920 graduate of the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, Tarbuck spent most of his early career on destroyers. During a tour of duty in the Caribbean, he served ashore with the United States occupation of Nicaragua. Later, while at the Naval War College at Newport, Rhode Island, he wrote a thesis entitled "The Nicaraguan Policy of the United States", which was subsequently published by the United States Naval Institute.

paragraph: Tarbuck received his first command, the destroyer in May 1939, and in March 1941, he assumed command of Destroyer Division 70. Then, in October 1941, he became an instructor in air observer and navigator training with the United States Army Air Corps at Maxwell Field, Alabama. In 1943 he was assigned to General MacArthur's GHQ, where he planned a series of combined operations, and accurately predicted the course of the Battle of Leyte Gulf. He served with GHQ until December 1944, when he became chief of staff of the VII Amphibious Force.

paragraph: After the war he became the chief of staff of Amphibious Forces, Atlantic Fleet. His last command was of the battleship . He retired from active service on 1 July 1950, and received a tombstone promotion to the rank of rear admiral.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Raymond Dumbell{Sic} (Ray) Tarbuck was born in Philadelphia on 4 May 1897. His middle name caused him embarrassment and was seldom used, and he preferred the shortened form of his first name. He was educated at Philadelphia Central High School and the Philadelphia College of Pedagogy, where he studied to be a teacher, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree. He also attended the Naval Academy Preparatory School.

paragraph: Tarbuck was appointed to the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland in June 1917 by Congressman George W. Edmonds of Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. At the Academy he was on the shooting team, and was assistant art editor of the "Lucky Bag", and the editor of "The Log" magazine. While there he took his summer cruises on the battleships and during World War I. He was commissioned as an ensign on graduation on 5 June 1920. His class was graduated in two groups due to the disruption caused by World War I. For his first assignment, he chose the destroyer tender , because it was based at the League Island Navy Yard in Philadelphia, and he was in love with Marion Orf, a woman who lived in Philadelphia's Germantown section. The two were married in 1921. They had a son, Richard Ray Tarbuck, and a daughter, Joan.

paragraph: As had been his intention, Tarbuck's early service was on destroyers, first as engineer and radio officer on the and then as chief engineer on the from 1922 to 1924 The ship sailed to the Black Sea, where Tarbuck observed the Russian Civil War first hand. He served in succession as torpedo officer on the destroyer , as a communications officer on the cruiser and as gunnery officer on the destroyer . During this cruise in the Caribbean, he served ashore with the United States occupation of Nicaragua.

paragraph: Tarbuck attended the Naval Postgraduate School at Annapolis from 1927 to 1928, and then the Naval War College at Newport, Rhode Island. While there he wrote a thesis entitled "The Nicaraguan Policy of the United States", which was subsequently published by the United States Naval Institute. He returned to sea in 1929 as executive officer of the destroyer , which sailed to China, Japan and the Philippines as part of the Asiatic Fleet. His daughter Joan died in Shanghai. On returning to the United States in 1932, he was assigned to the University of California as a Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps instructor. He taught astronomy there as an assistant professor. Robert Gordon Sproul requested that Tarbuck be permanently assigned to the university, but the Navy turned him down on the grounds that Tarbuck's career would suffer without sea duty. Tarbuck's next assignment was to a battleship, the , where he was promoted to lieutenant commander. Following the pattern of alternating duty at sea with duty ashore, he was assigned to the Fleet Training Division of the Bureau of Navigation from June 1937 to May 1939.

paragraph: Section::::World War II.

paragraph: In May 1939, Tarbuck received his first command, of the destroyer , which was part of the U.S. Pacific Fleet. While he was its captain, he was promoted to the rank of commander. In March 1941, he assumed command of Destroyer Division 70, which consisted of five destroyers based on the West Coast. In October 1941, he was ordered to report to the Naval Air Station Pensacola, an unusual destination for a non-aviator. The United States Army Air Corps had requested that some Naval officers be sent to Maxwell Field, Alabama, as instructors in air observer and navigator training, and Tarbuck was one of the three officers selected. At Maxwell, he wrote three manuals on ship and aircraft recognition, which became course materials. The ability to speak "Army", and knowledge of the conduct of land, sea and air operations, would prove important in his selection for his next post. He was promoted to captain on 20 June 1942.

paragraph: In 1943, the Supreme Commander in the Southwest Pacific Area, General Douglas MacArthur, requested a Naval officer for his General Headquarters (GHQ) to replace Captain Herbert J. Ray, an officer who had escaped from the Philippines with him in 1942. Ray had been appointed to command the battleship , and Tarbuck was chosen to replace him. En route to Australia, Tarbuck met with Admiral Chester Nimitz, who told him in no uncertain terms that anti-Army and anti-MacArthur sentiments had no place in his command. As it was, Tarbuck became a loyal supporter of MacArthur.

paragraph: Tarbuck expected to become the head of a naval section within GHQ, but instead found himself part of Brigadier General Stephen J. Chamberlin G-3 Section, the staff section responsible for planning and operations. He found that more than forty naval officers were working at GHQ, but they were dispersed, working in nearly every corner of the staff. Tarbuck became head of a planning group known as the Red Team. This was one of three teams; there was also a White Team under a US army officer, Colonel Peyton, and a Blue Team under an Australian Army officer, Brigadier Tom White.

paragraph: His job was to prepare staff studies on upcoming potential operations. While he did do naval planning, his team prepared plans that coordinated land, air and sea operations. A staff study might be put into effect and become an operation, or MacArthur might shelve it in favor of an alternative operation, especially if the staff study revealed that it would be too time-consuming, difficult or costly. The three teams would work simultaneously on three different objectives in leapfrog fashion. Tarbuck routinely attended staff conferences that involved naval matters.

paragraph: He led the planning for the Battle of Leyte, known as Operation King II, and predicted that the Japanese fleet would attempt to intervene, striking at the invasion force through the Surigao Strait. His warning that the Japanese fleet would sortie was discounted by MacArthur's chief intelligence officer, Brigadier General Charles A. Willoughby, but Tarbuck put his objection in writing. MacArthur would later commend him for an accurate prediction of the course of the Battle of Leyte Gulf.

paragraph: Tarbuck was on hand to see the battle as an observer on the command ship . He watched as his predictions on the courses of the Battle of Surigao Strait and Battle off Samar unfolded. On the morning of 25 October he wrote:

paragraph: A while later he wrote:

paragraph: In his report on the battle, Vice Admiral Randall Jacobs called Tarbuck's predictions as "almost uncanny". For his service with GHQ, Tarbuck was awarded the Legion of Merit.

paragraph: In December 1944, Tarbuck became chief of staff of the VII Amphibious Force, which was under the command of Rear Admiral Daniel E. Barbey. He was promoted to the wartime rank of commodore on 3 April 1945. When Barbey went on leave, he left Tarbuck in command of VII Amphibious Force, despite the fact that his three amphibious group commanders, William Fechteler, Albert G. Noble and Arthur D. Struble were all rear admirals. They were in overall command of the operations for which they were responsible however. For his service as chief of staff of the VII Amphibious Force, Tarbuck was awarded a second Legion of Merit. His citation read:

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: Tarbuck became the chief of staff of Amphibious Forces, Atlantic Fleet in December 1945. He reverted to the rank of captain on 20 June 1946. On 30 June he assumed command of the battleship . After a year in this command, he became Inspector General of the Eleventh Naval District at San Diego, California. At the conclusion of this posting, he retired from active service on 1 July 1950. On retirement, he received a tombstone promotion to the rank of rear admiral.

paragraph: He became program administrator for the San Diego Fine Arts Gallery, and served with the San Diego Board of Health and other community projects. He also served on the South Bay Committee for San Diego. He died in Coronado, California on 15 November 1986, and was interred in the Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery, San Diego, California. His papers are in the Douglas MacArthur Memorial in Norfolk, Virginia.

description: American WWII rear admiral

wikidata_label: Raymond D. Tarbuck

wikipedia_title: Raymond D. Tarbuck


text: Italian

text: Tommaso Minardi

text: Accademia di San Luca

text: Cesare Fracassini

text: Cesare Mariani

text: Cingoli

text: Macerata

text: Tivoli

text: Civitavecchia

text: Santa Maria in Aquiro

text: Santa Lucia del Gonfalone

text: Santa Maria della Pace

text: Cesare Fracassini

text: San Lorenzo fuori le Mura

text: Giuseppe Marcucci

text: Naples

text: Domenico Morelli

text: Campo Verano

text: Guglielmo De Sanctis

text: Guglielmo de Sanctis

text: Tommaso Minardi

text: Entry in Treccani Encyclopedia

categories: Artists from Rome,Italian male painters,1831 births,19th-century Italian painters,1900 deaths

paragraph: Paolo Mei

paragraph: Paolo Mei (18 June 1831 – 21 March 1900) was an Italian painter active in Rome.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was born in Rome to his father, Domenico, and his mother, Matilde Farrajoni. Parish records list the name sometimes as Meo, but Mei was used throughout his life. His father died when Paolo was three years old, and his mother died when he was 19 years old; this left him inheriting little in terms of financial resources.

paragraph: His initial training was under Tommaso Minardi, then a professor at the Accademia di San Luca in Rome. By 1856, he had formulated a strong friendship with the painter Cesare Fracassini, who was to help him obtain many commissions. He often also collaborated with Cesare Mariani.

paragraph: In 1859, he helped decorate the rooms in the Palazzo Raffaelli in Cingoli, in the province of Macerata. He also painted in Tivoli and Civitavecchia.

paragraph: Among his works for churches are:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chapel of the Guardian Angel in the church of Santa Maria in Aquiro;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chapel of the crucifix in the church of Santa Lucia del Gonfalone; ceiling and lateral walls: only walls remain, depicting "Madonna Addolorata".,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Altarpiece (1869) for fourth chapel on left in the church of Santa Maria della Pace; completed a canvas of Cesare Fracassini.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Execution of St Stefano" and part of "St Lawrence presents the goods of his church to the prefect of Rome" for the Basilica of San Lorenzo fuori le Mura both either designs or partially completed by Fracassini before his death.

paragraph: In 1860, he provided some designs for the engraver Giuseppe Marcucci. He painted a number of small canvases with scenes of life in Ancient Rome (also called Neo-Pompeian themes). In 1865, he traveled to Naples, where he made contact with Domenico Morelli. After the death of Minardi in 1871, he completed some of the frescoes ("Art" and "Poetry") in the portico of the cemetery of Verano (Campo Verano) in Rome. Guglielmo De Sanctis completed the other two. He is buried in this cemetery. In 1893, he was admitted as a member to the Congregazione pontificia de’ Virtuosi of the Pantheon. Mei died in Rome on 21 March 1900.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Archivio storico del Vicariato, S. Agostino, Liber mortuorum, Roma, 1894-1922;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Francesco Franco, PAOLO MEI (1831-1900). Notizie inedite fino al 1867, dalle lettere a Cesare Fracassini, in BTA - Bollettino Telematico dell'Arte, 13 Marzo 2008, n. 483 - B;

paragraph: BULLET::::- A. Della Massea, Cesare Fracassini, ed. Roma 1956, p. 38;

paragraph: BULLET::::- B. Magni, Le pitture del profesor Cesare Mariani in S. Lucia del Gonfalone, ed. Roma 1867, p. 13 ;

paragraph: BULLET::::- A. Monti, Le pitture di S. Maria in Aquiro, in Il Buonarroti, luglio-agosto 1866, p. 141 n. 1;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guglielmo de Sanctis, Tommaso Minardi e il suo tempo, ed. Roma, 1900, p. 205;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Archivio di Stato di Roma, Fondo Ovidi - Minardi, b. 15, c. 247: Sottoscrizione per il monumento del prof. Minardi;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ernesto Ovidi, Minardi e la sua scuola, ed. Roma 1902, p 173;

paragraph: BULLET::::- A.M.Comanducci, s.v. in Dizionario illustrato dei Pittori, Disegnatori e Incisori Italiani Moderni e Contemporanei, ed. Milano, 1972, p. 1847;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Entry in Treccani Encyclopedia, Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani, by Francesco Franco - volume 2073, ed. Roma, 2009.

paragraph: BULLET::::- S. Gnisci, Mei, Paolo, s. v., in Dizionario biografico degli artisti, in La pittura in Italia. L'Ottocento, vol. II, ed. Milano, 1991, pp. 914, 915.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Translated from Italian Wikipedia.

description: Italian painter

wikidata_label: Paolo Mei

wikipedia_title: Paolo Mei


text:
silent film
Gibson Girl
Ziegfeld Follies
Chicago
World's Columbian Exposition
New York City
Edison Studios
Broadway
eroticism
Sun Dance - Annabelle
Butterfly Dance
Annabelle Serpentine Dance
Annabelle in Flag Dance
Butterfly Dance
Serpentine Dance by Annabelle
Tambourine Dance by Annabelle
Annabelle Serpentine Dance
Annabelle Butterfly Dance
Annabelle Sun Dance
The Charity Girl
The Happiest Night of His Life
Ziegfeld Follies of 1909
Grace La Rue
Nora Bayes
Ziegfeld Follies of 1908
The Belle of Mayfair
A Venetian Romance
The Sleeping Beauty and the Beast
The Sprightly Romance of Marsac

categories: 20th-century American actresses,Dancers from New York (state),1878 births,American film actresses,American female dancers,19th-century American actresses,Actresses from Chicago,American stage actresses,American silent film actresses,Actresses from New York (state),1961 deaths

paragraph: Annabelle Moore

paragraph: Annabelle Moore (née Annabella Whitford) (July 6, 1878 – November 29, 1961), also known as Peerless Annabelle, was an American dancer and actress who appeared in numerous early silent films. She was the original Gibson Girl in the 1907 Ziegfeld Follies.

paragraph: Section::::Life and career.

paragraph: Annabelle Whitford was born in Chicago. She made her debut at age 15 dancing at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893. She later moved to New York City, where she performed in several films for the Edison Studios and appeared on Broadway.

paragraph: Annabelle was quite popular in her youth. The sale of her films was further boosted in December 1896 when it was revealed that she had been approached to appear naked at a private dinner party at Sherry's Restaurant. It was said she introduced eroticism in film.

paragraph: She married Edward James Buchan in 1910. He died in 1958.

paragraph: Although she was very popular before her marriage, Annabelle died penniless in Chicago in 1961.

paragraph: Section::::Selected filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1897

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sun Dance - Annabelle"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Butterfly Dance"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Annabelle Serpentine Dance"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1896

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Annabelle in Flag Dance"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Butterfly Dance"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Serpentine Dance by Annabelle"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tambourine Dance by Annabelle"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1895

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1895 "Annabelle Serpentine Dance"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1894

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Annabelle Butterfly Dance"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Annabelle Sun Dance"

paragraph: Section::::Other work.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Charity Girl" (1912)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Happiest Night of His Life" (1911)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ziegfeld Follies of 1909" (in scene with Grace La Rue, Nora Bayes and Lucy Weston)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ziegfeld Follies of 1908"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Belle of Mayfair" (1906)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Venetian Romance" (1904)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Sleeping Beauty and the Beast" (1901)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Sprightly Romance of Marsac" (1900)

description: American actress and dancer

wikidata_label: Annabelle Moore

wikipedia_title: Annabelle Moore


text:
Most Rev
D.D.
S.T.L.
Nicholas Chia
Gregory Yong
Church of the Holy Family
Montfort Secondary School
College General
Penang
Pontifical Urbaniana University
Apostolic Nuncio
Tony Tan Keng Yam
Teo Chee Hean
Sundaresh Menon

categories: Singaporean archbishops,Singaporean people of Chinese descent,1957 births,Living people

paragraph: William Goh

paragraph: Most Rev Archbishop William Goh Seng Chye, D.D., S.T.L., (; born 25 June 1957) is the fourth and current Roman Catholic Archbishop of Singapore. Archbishop Goh succeeded Archbishop Emeritus Nicholas Chia as Archbishop of Singapore on 18 May 2013. Archbishop Goh was the fourth Rector of St Francis Xavier Major Seminary in Singapore. He was ordained as a priest on May 1, 1985 by the late Archbishop Gregory Yong at the Church of the Holy Family.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Archbishop Goh was schooled at Montfort Secondary School, where he obtained an "A" Level Certificate. He completed his study in Philosophy at the Major Seminary (College General) in Penang, Malaysia, and did his theological studies in the Major Seminary in Singapore. Archbishop Goh was in the first cohort of seminarians to graduate at the newly built St Francis Xavier Major Seminary in Ponggol, Singapore. After his graduation from the Major Seminary, he was posted to the Church of the Holy Cross where he served as an Assistant Priest to then Rev. Nicholas Chia (who later became Archbishop). In 1985, he received a Bachelor of Theology from the Pontifical Urbaniana University (Pontificia University Urbania) in Rome. Archbishop Goh continued his studies in Rome, receiving an Licentiate in Dogmatic Theology from Pontificia University Gregoriana. After returning to Singapore, he was posted as a Resident Formator and Initiation Year Director at the Major Seminary and lecturer in Systematic Theology. in 1992 he was concurrently appointed as the Parish Priest of St Anne's Church. In 1995, Archbishop Goh became a member of the Theological Advisory Commission of the Federation of Asian Bishops' Conference. Whilst in the Major Seminary, he became Dean of Studies, then procurator and finally Rector of Major Seminary, where he remained until he assumed his office as the Archbishop of Singapore. Archbishop Goh was the Spiritual Director of the Archdiocesan Catholic Spirituality Centre, Amplify Youth Ministry, Jesus Youth Singapore and the Catholic Charismatic Renewal Experience.

paragraph: Section::::Appointment as Coadjuctor Archbishop.

paragraph: On December 29, 2012 the Vatican announced that Fr William Goh has been appointed as Coadjutor Archbishop of Singapore. He is the second Singapore-born clergyman to hold the office of Archbishop. As Coadjuctor, he assisted the current Archbishop until he retired at age 75. He was ordained as Coadjuctor Archbishop of Singapore on 22 February 2013. His principal consecrator was the Apostolic Nuncio to the Republic of Singapore, Archbishop Leopoldo Girelli and his Principal Co-Consecrators were Archbishop Nicholas Chia and Archbishop Murphy Pakiam. His consecration was attended by the President of the Republic of Singapore, Dr Tony Tan Keng Yam, Deputy Prime Minister Teo Chee Hean, Chief Justice of Singapore Sundaresh Menon, state dignitaries, twenty bishops, more than 170 priests and an estimated 14,000 Roman Catholics, together with representatives of the major religions in Singapore.

paragraph: At his appointment, many well-wishers sent their greetings to the future Archbishop . In his letter to Coadjuctor Archbishop Goh, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong said that the Singapore Government has always enjoyed a "close and cooperative relations" with the Catholic Archdiocese of Singapore and hope to continue and strengthen the good relations with the future Archbishop.

paragraph: The day after the episcopal ordination, Coadjutor Archbishop Goh hosted a reception at the Catholic Spirituality Centre. Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and his wife were among the guests. Invited guests also included Chief Justice Sundaresh Menon, Members of Parliament, and members of the Inter-Religious Organisations (IROs) .

paragraph: Coadjutor Archbishop Goh address the issue of secularism saying: "The greatest concern of the church today is simply this - that the world is becoming too secularised. In itself it is not wrong. It is when secularisation becomes secularism - that is to say anti-church and anti-religion. And so without religion, without faith in the absolute, because God is the absolute, then we don't have an objective foundation for moral values ... As a result, people are divided, people are fragmented, because it is all based on relativism, which simply means to say, it is up to each one to think. How can we build a united society when we don't have a reference point, a basis for unity?"

paragraph: The Coadjutor Archbishop also said that the Church is concerned with the common good of society such as justice, harmony and progress and will continue to work with the government to achieve these common good for society. Coadjutor Archbishop Goh added that the Church recognises that the just ordering of society is the responsibility and purview of the State, and that the Church cannot take over the role of the government, nor impose its values on believers of other faiths. When asked what was his first priority as Archbishop of Singapore, he said it was to engage the youths of Singapore as they are "vibrant, creative and full of energy". He added that he would like to meet them to understand their aspirations and how they can contribute to the growth of the Roman Catholic Church.

paragraph: The Coadjutor Archbishop also pledge to restudy the structure of the church and make it more effective and efficient so that there will be more communication and understanding within the church so that the church may operate and work in unity and peace.

paragraph: Section::::Installation as Archbishop.

paragraph: On 18 May 2013, William Goh was officially installed as Archbishop of Singapore. A press release from his office stated that one of his first tasks was to “strengthen the fraternal bonds in the Presbyterium and harness the charisms and passion of his brother priests” so that they can empower the laity to be “co-responsible in the mission of the Church”. The newly installed Archbishop of Singapore also announced a new line-up of key office holders.

paragraph: The Cathedral of the Good Shepherd is the seat of Archbishop William Goh.

description: Singaporean bishop

wikidata_label: William Goh

wikipedia_title: William Goh


text:
Czech
cyclist
Peace Race
Eastern Bloc
Tour de France
East German
Gustav-Adolf ("Täve") Schur
Emil Zátopek
Czechoslovakia
individual
team road race
1952 Summer Olympics

categories: 2003 deaths,Czechoslovak male cyclists,Cyclists at the 1952 Summer Olympics,Czech male cyclists,1923 births,Olympic cyclists of Czechoslovakia

paragraph: Jan Veselý (cyclist)

paragraph: Jan Veselý (17 June 1923 – 10 February 2003) was a Czech cyclist. He won the Peace Race individually in 1949 and with the Czechoslovak team in 1950 and 1951. He finished second individually in 1952 and 1955, and won no fewer than sixteen stages. Thus he became one of the most famous cyclists in the Eastern Bloc, and an iconic figure in his homeland.

paragraph: Cycling was extremely popular in post-war Europe, and the Peace Race was bigger even than the Tour de France. Veselý's humility, allied to his sporting prowess, made him a genuine national hero. His duels with the great East German rider Gustav-Adolf ("Täve") Schur were amongst the highlights of the sporting year, his popularity comparable to that of the great runner Emil Zátopek in Czechoslovakia.

paragraph: He competed in the individual and team road race events at the 1952 Summer Olympics. His brother Josef was also a competitive road cyclist and won a national title in 1943.

description: Czechoslovak biker

wikidata_label: Jan Veselý

wikipedia_title: Jan Veselý (cyclist)


text: Westminster School

text: captain

text: Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry

text: Second Boer War

text: mentioned in Dispatches

text: Great War

text: mentioned in despatches

text: Territorial Decoration

text: Deputy Lieutenant

text: Justice of the Peace

text: conservative

text: right-wing politics

text: British Fascists

text: thePeerage.com

categories: British Army personnel of the Second Boer War,Earls of Cardigan,Marquesses of Ailesbury,British Army personnel of World War I,Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders officers,Companions of the Distinguished Service Order,British fascists,Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry officers,Brudenell-Bruce family,Deputy Lieutenants of Wiltshire,1873 births,1961 deaths,Wiltshire Regiment officers

paragraph: George Brudenell-Bruce, 6th Marquess of Ailesbury

paragraph: George William James Chandos Brudenell-Bruce, 6th Marquess of Ailesbury, (21 May 1873 – 4 August 1961), styled Earl of Cardigan between 1894 and 1911, was a British soldier. According to his hand-written memoirs, available at the Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre (http://www.wshc.eu/), he went by the name Chandos.

paragraph: Section::::Background and education.

paragraph: Brudenell-Bruce was the son of Henry Brudenell-Bruce, 5th Marquess of Ailesbury and Georgiana Sophia Maria Pinckney. He was educated at Westminster School. He succeeded his father in the marquessate on the latter's death on 10 March 1911.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Lord Ailesbury served in the 3rd Battalion, Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders; the Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry; the Middlesex Yeomanry; and the Wiltshire Regiment.

paragraph: Lord Cardigan was promoted to the rank of captain on 3 September 1898, supernumerary to the establishment. He fought with the Royal Wiltshire Yeomanry in the Second Boer War, for which he was mentioned in Dispatches, and was appointed a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order in November 1900. He was conformed as a captain on the establishment in May 1902. From he 1914 fought in the Great War, during which he was again mentioned in despatches and decorated with the Territorial Decoration.

paragraph: He was invested as a Knight of Grace of the Order of St John of Jerusalem. He was appointed a Deputy Lieutenant of Wiltshire on 19 July 1920, and was a Justice of the Peace.

paragraph: He was involved in conservative and right-wing politics and during the 1920s was a member of the reactionary British Fascists.

paragraph: According to his son Cedric (See 7th Marquess Ailesbury), George "Chandos" was involved in the process of converting the family estate and its surrounding forest into a munitions depot and military base during WWII, an ideal location, as the trees provided cover from Nazi spy planes.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Married three times, Lord Ailesbury married his first wife, Caroline Sydney Anne Madden, daughter of John Madden and Caroline Clements, on 21 March 1903. They had three children, Cedric Brudenell-Bruce, 7th Marquess of Ailesbury (1904–1974); Lady Ursula Daphne Brudenell-Bruce (1905–1991), who married Alfred Thomas Taylor in 1944; and Lady Rosemary Enid Brudenell-Bruce (1907–1985). Caroline died on 5 May 1941.

paragraph: Lord Ailesbury then married Mabel Irene Lindsay, daughter of John Samuel Lindsay, on 21 February 1945. She died on 26 June 1954. Finally, he married as his third wife Alice Maude Emily Pinhey, daughter of Captain John Forbes Pinhey, on 9 July 1955. She died on 9 February 1960.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- thePeerage.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- ‘AILESBURY’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, 1920–2007; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007

description: soldier


text: Jamaican–American

text: DJ

text: hip hop music

text: The Bronx

text: New York City

text: hard funk

text: James Brown

text: disco

text: break

text: disco

text: breakbeat

text: syncopated

text: rapping

text: b-boys

text: b-girls

text: Afrika Bambaataa

text: Grandmaster Flash

text: Kingston, Jamaica

text: sound systems

text: dance hall

text: toasting

text: The Bronx

text: New York City

text: 1520 Sedgwick Avenue

text: Hercules

text: graffiti

text: Sex Machine

text: James Brown

text: amplifier

text: James Brown

text: Give It Up or Turnit a Loose

text: Jimmy Castor

text: Booker T. & the M.G.'s

text: hip hop music

text: break

text: refrain

text: Bongo Rock

text: The Incredible Bongo Band

text: The Mexican

text: Babe Ruth

text: Time

text: emcee

text: Sex Machine

text: Give It Up or Turnit Loose

text: b-boys

text: b-girls

text: Grandmixer DXT

text: breakdance

text: PAL

text: Taft

text: Coke La Rock

text: Theodore Puccio

text: Nelson George

text: Grandmaster Flash

text: MC

text: The Furious Five

text: Audubon Ballroom

text: Manhattan

text: Afrika Bambaataa

text: Zulu Nation

text: The Incredible Bongo Band

text: Apache

text: Steven Hager

text: Sylvia Robinson

text: The Sugarhill Gang

text: Rapper's Delight

text: Grandmaster Flash

text: Enjoy Records

text: Winley

text: Beat Street

text: Orion

text: crack cocaine

text: Terminator X

text: Jeff Chang

text: Can't Stop Won't Stop

text: Jin

text: The Emcee's Properganda

text: Smithsonian Institution

text: Dance parade

text: Mitchell-Lama

text: DJ Premier

text: The Source

text: kidney stones

text: stent

text: St. Barnabas Hospital

text: Bronx

text: Terminator X

text: Super Bad

text: The Chemical Brothers

text: Elektrobank

text: Dig Your Own Hole

text: Substantial

text: Official Website of DJ Kool Herc

text: Lengthy Kool Herc bio @ hiphop.sh

categories: American hip hop DJs,1955 births,Jamaican emigrants to the United States,Jamaican hip hop musicians,American people of Jamaican descent,Musicians from Kingston, Jamaica,Entertainers from the Bronx,Rappers from New York City,Living people,The Godfathers Of Threatt members,American rappers of Jamaican descent

paragraph: DJ Kool Herc

paragraph: Clive Campbell (born April 16, 1955), better known by his stage name DJ Kool Herc, is a Jamaican–American DJ who is credited with helping originate hip hop music in The Bronx, New York City, in the 1970s through his "Back to School Jam", hosted on August 11, 1973 at 1520 Sedgwick Avenue. After his younger sister, Cindy Campbell, became inspired to earn extra cash for back-to-school clothes, she decided to have her older brother, then 16 years old, play music for the neighborhood in their apartment building. Known as the "Founder of Hip-Hop" and "Father of Hip-Hop", Campbell began playing hard funk records of the sort typified by James Brown as an alternative both to the violent gang culture of the Bronx and to the nascent popularity of disco in the 1970s.

paragraph: Campbell began to isolate the instrumental portion of the record which emphasized the drum beat—the "break"—and switch from one break to another. Using the same two-turntable set-up of disco DJs, he used two copies of the same record to elongate the break. This breakbeat DJing, using funky drum solos, formed the basis of hip hop music. Campbell's announcements and exhortations to dancers helped lead to the syncopated, rhythmically spoken accompaniment now known as rapping.

paragraph: He called the dancers "break-boys" and "break-girls", or simply b-boys and b-girls. Campbell's DJ style was quickly taken up by figures such as Afrika Bambaataa and Grandmaster Flash. Unlike them, he never made the move into commercially recorded hip hop in its earliest years.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Early life and education.

paragraph: Clive Campbell was the first of six children born to Keith and Nettie Campbell in Kingston, Jamaica. While growing up, he saw and heard the sound systems of neighborhood parties called dance halls, and the accompanying speech of their DJs, known as toasting. He emigrated with his family at the age of 12 to The Bronx, New York City in November 1967, where they lived at 1520 Sedgwick Avenue.

paragraph: Campbell attended the Alfred E. Smith Career and Technical Education High School in the Bronx, where his height, frame, and demeanor on the basketball court prompted the other kids to nickname him "Hercules". He began running with a graffiti crew called the Ex-Vandals, taking the name Kool Herc. Herc recalls persuading his father to buy him a copy of "Sex Machine" by James Brown, a record that not a lot of his friends had, and which they would come to him to hear. He and his sister, Cindy, began hosting back-to-school parties in the recreation room of their building, 1520 Sedgwick Avenue.

paragraph: Herc's first sound system consisted of two turntables connected to two amplifiers and a Shure "Vocal Master" PA system with two speaker columns, on which he played records such as James Brown's "Give It Up or Turnit a Loose", Jimmy Castor's "It's Just Begun" and Booker T. & the M.G.'s' "Melting Pot". With Bronx clubs struggling with street gangs, uptown DJs catering to an older disco crowd with different aspirations, and commercial radio also catering to a demographic distinct from teenagers in the Bronx, Herc's parties had a ready-made audience.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:The "break".

paragraph: DJ Kool Herc developed the style that was the blueprint for hip hop music. Herc used the record to focus on a short, heavily percussive part in it: the "break". Since this part of the record was the one the dancers liked best, Herc isolated the break and prolonged it by changing between two record players. As one record reached the end of the break, he cued a second record back to the beginning of the break, which allowed him to extend a relatively short section of music into "five-minute loop of fury". This innovation had its roots in what Herc called "The Merry-Go-Round," a technique by which the deejay switched from break to break at the height of the party. This technique is specifically called "The Merry-Go-Round" because according to Herc, it takes one "back and forth with no slack."

paragraph: Herc stated that he first introduced the Merry-Go-Round into his sets in 1972. The earliest known "Merry-Go-Round" involved playing James Brown's "Give It Up or Turnit a Loose" (with its refrain, "Now clap your hands! Stomp your feet!"), then switching from that record's break into the break from a second record, "Bongo Rock" by The Incredible Bongo Band. From the "Bongo Rock"'s break, Herc used a third record to switch to the break on "The Mexican" by the English rock band Babe Ruth.

paragraph: Kool Herc also contributed to developing the rhyming style of hip hop by punctuating the recorded music with slang phrases, announcing: "Rock on, my mellow!" "B-boys, b-girls, are you ready? keep on rock steady" "This is the joint! Herc beat on the point" "To the beat, y'all!" "You don't stop!" For his contributions, Herc is called a "founding father of hip hop," a "nascent cultural hero," and an integral part of the beginnings of hip hop by "Time".

paragraph: On August 11, 1973, DJ Kool Herc was a disc jockey and emcee at a party in the recreation room at Sedgwick Avenue. Specifically, DJ Kool Herc:

paragraph: According to music journalist Steven Ivory, in 1973, Herc placed on the turntables two copies of Brown's 1970 "Sex Machine" album and ran "an extended cut 'n' mix of the percussion breakdown" from "Give It Up or Turnit Loose", signaling the birth of hip hop.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:B-boys and b-girls.

paragraph: The "b-boys" and "b-girls" were the dancers to Herc's breaks, who were described as "breaking". Herc has noted that "breaking" was also street slang of the time meaning "getting excited", "acting energetically," or "causing a disturbance". Herc coined the terms "b-boy", "b-girl," and "breaking" which became part of the lexicon of what would be eventually called hip hop culture. Early Kool Herc b-boy and later DJ innovator Grandmixer DXT describes the early evolution as follows:

paragraph: In the early 1980s, the media began to call this style "breakdance," which in 1991 the "New York Times" wrote was "an art as demanding and inventive as mainstream dance forms like ballet and jazz." Since this emerging culture was still without a name, participants often identified as "b-boys," a usage that included and went beyond the specific connection to dance, a usage that would persist in hip hop culture.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Move to the streets.

paragraph: With the mystique of his graffiti name, his physical stature, and the reputation of his small parties, Herc became a folk hero in the Bronx. He began to play at nearby clubs including the Twilight Zone Hevalo, Executive Playhouse, the PAL on 183rd Street, as well as at high schools such as Dodge and Taft. Rapping duties were delegated to Coke La Rock and Theodore Puccio. Herc's collective, known as The Herculoids, was augmented by Clark Kent and dancers The Nigga Twins. Herc took his soundsystem (the herculords) —still legendary for its sheer volume—to the streets and parks of the Bronx. Nelson George recalls a schoolyard party:

paragraph: The sun hadn't gone down yet, and kids were just hanging out, waiting for something to happen. Van pulls up, a bunch of guys come out with a table, crates of records. They unscrew the base of the light pole, take their equipment, attach it to that, get the electricity – Boom! We got a concert right here in the schoolyard and it's this guy Kool Herc. And he's just standing with the turntable, and the guys were studying his hands. There are people dancing, but there's as many people standing, just watching what he's doing. That was my first introduction to in-the-street, hip hop DJing.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Influence on artists.

paragraph: In 1975, the young Grandmaster Flash, to whom Kool Herc was, in his words, "a hero", began DJing in Herc's style. By 1976, Flash and his MCs The Furious Five played to a packed Audubon Ballroom in Manhattan. Venue owners were often nervous of unruly young crowds, however, and soon sent hip hop back to the clubs, community centres and high school gymnasiums of the Bronx.

paragraph: Afrika Bambaataa first heard Kool Herc in 1973. Bambaataa, at that time a general in the notorious Black Spades gang of the Bronx, obtained his own soundsystem in 1975 and began to DJ in Herc's style, converting his followers to the non-violent Zulu Nation in the process. Kool Herc began using The Incredible Bongo Band's "Apache" as a break in 1975. It became a firm b-boy favourite—"the Bronx national anthem"—and is still in use in hip hop today. Steven Hager wrote of this period:

paragraph: For over five years the Bronx had lived in constant terror of street gangs. Suddenly, in 1975, they disappeared almost as quickly as they had arrived. This happened because something better came along to replace the gangs. That something was eventually called hip-hop.

paragraph: In 1979, the record company executive Sylvia Robinson assembled a group she called The Sugarhill Gang and recorded "Rapper's Delight". The hit song ushered in the era of commercially released hip hop. By that year's end, Grandmaster Flash was recording for Enjoy Records. In 1980, Afrika Bambaataa began recording for Winley. By this time, DJ Kool Herc's star had faded.

paragraph: Grandmaster Flash suggests that Herc may not have kept pace with developments in techniques of cueing (lining up a record to play at a certain place on it). Developments changed techniques of cutting (switching from one record to another) and scratching (moving the record by hand to and fro under the stylus for percussive effect) in the late 1970s. Herc said he retreated from the scene after being stabbed at the Executive Playhouse while trying to intercede in a fight, and the burning down of one of his venues. In 1980, Herc had stopped DJing and was working in a record shop in South Bronx.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Later years.

paragraph: Kool Herc appeared in Hollywood's motion picture take on hip hop, "Beat Street" (Orion, 1984), as himself. In the mid-1980s, his father died, and he became addicted to crack cocaine. "I couldn't cope, so I started medicating", he says of this period.

paragraph: In 1994, Herc performed on Terminator X & the Godfathers of Threatt's album, "Super Bad". In 2005, he wrote the foreword to Jeff Chang's book on hip hop, "Can't Stop Won't Stop". In 2005 he appeared in the music video of "Top 5 (Dead or Alive)" by Jin from the album "The Emcee's Properganda". In 2006, he became involved in getting Hip Hop commemorated at the Smithsonian Institution museums. He participated in the 2007 Dance parade.

paragraph: Since 2007, Herc has worked on a campaign to prevent 1520 Sedgwick Avenue from being sold to developers and withdrawn from its status as an Mitchell-Lama affordable housing property. In the summer of 2007, New York state officials declared 1520 Sedgwick Avenue the "birthplace of hip-hop", and nominated it to national and state historic registers. The city's Department of Housing Preservation and Development ruled against the proposed sale in February 2008, on the grounds that "the proposed purchase price is inconsistent with the use of property as a Mitchell-Lama affordable housing development". It is the first time they have so ruled in such a case.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Serious illness.

paragraph: According to a DJ Premier fan blog, "The Source"s website and other sites, DJ Kool Herc fell gravely ill in early 2011 and was said to lack health insurance. He had surgery for kidney stones, with a stent placed to relieve the pressure. He needed follow-up surgery but St. Barnabas Hospital in the Bronx, the site that performed the previous surgery, has requested that he make a deposit toward the next surgery, because he has missed several follow-up visits. The hospital said it would not turn away uninsured patients in the emergency room. DJ Kool Herc and his family set up an official website on which he describes his medical issue and the larger goal of establishing the DJ Kool Herc Fund to pioneer long-term health care solutions. In April 2013, Campbell recovered from surgery and moved into post-medical care.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:First vinyl record.

paragraph: In May 2019 Kool Herc released his first vinyl record ever with Dj/Producer Mr. Green. “Last of the Classic Beats” was critically acclaimed.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Albums.

paragraph: Last of the Classic Beats with Mr. Green

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Guest appearances.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Terminator X – "Herc's Message" from "Super Bad" (1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Chemical Brothers – "Elektrobank" from "Dig Your Own Hole" (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Substantial – "Sacrifice" from "Sacrifice" (2008)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chang, Jeff. "Can't Stop Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation". St. Martin's Press, New York: 2005.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cross, Brian. "It's Not About A Salary...Rap, Race and Resistance in Los Angeles". New York: Verso, 1993.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hager, Steven, "Afrika Bambaataa's Hip-Hop", Village Voice, September 21, 1982. Reprinted in "And It Don't Stop! The Best American Hip-Hop Journalism of the Last 25 Years". Cepeda, Raquel (ed.). New York: Faber and Faber, Inc., 2004.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ogg, Alex, with Upshall, David. "The Hip Hop Years", London: Macmillan, 1999

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shapiro, Peter. "Rough Guide to Hip-Hop", 2nd. ed., London: Rough Guides, 2005

paragraph: BULLET::::- Toop, David. "Rap Attack", 3rd. ed., London: Serpent's Tail, 2000

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Website of DJ Kool Herc

paragraph: BULLET::::- A biography of DJ Kool Herc at OldSchoolHipHop.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lengthy Kool Herc bio @ hiphop.sh

description: Jamaican DJ

enwikiquote_title: DJ Kool Herc

wikidata_label: DJ Kool Herc

wikipedia_title: DJ Kool Herc


text:
jazz
clarinet
Cowes High School
tenor saxophone
Dartington College of Arts
Guildhall School of Music and Drama
Lionel Grigson
Jim Mullen
Ronnie Scott
Arturo Sandoval
Ian Shaw
Andrea Vicari
Martin Drew
Stan Tracey
Don Weller
Sarah Jane Morris
Jimmy Smith
UK Albums Chart
Ronnie Scott
Tubby Hayes
Martin Drew
Art Themen
Don Weller
St. Paul's Girls' School
Royal College of Music
Trinity College of Music
Leeds College of Music
Dordogne Jazz Summer School
Peter King (saxophonist)
Grove Jazz
John Chilton

categories: Living people,Academics of Leeds College of Music,1961 births,British male saxophonists,21st-century saxophonists,English jazz musicians,English jazz tenor saxophonists,21st-century male musicians

paragraph: Mornington Lockett

paragraph: Mornington Edward Lockett (born 19 November 1961) is an English jazz saxophonist.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Lockett began playing clarinet at the age of 14 while he was a student at Cowes High School, before switching to tenor saxophone. He studied at Dartington College of Arts, graduating in 1981, then undertook further study at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in 1984–85, under the tutelage of Lionel Grigson. He has played in the bands of Jim Mullen (1988–93), Ronnie Scott (1990–94), Arturo Sandoval (1993), Ian Shaw (1994), Andrea Vicari (1994), Martin Drew (1995–2010), Stan Tracey (1996–2010), Don Weller (2000), Sarah Jane Morris (1985–2009) and Jimmy Smith (2002–04), among others.

paragraph: In February 1996, Lockett's album "Late Night Sax: After Dark" reached No. 18 in the UK Albums Chart.

paragraph: From 2000 until 2004 Lockett was involved in a group called "Celebrating The Jazz Couriers", playing the music of Ronnie Scott and Tubby Hayes. The group was co-led by Martin Drew and won the British Jazz Award for "Best Small Group" in 2002. The band was reformed in 2004 as "The New Jazz Couriers".

paragraph: In November 2008, in conjunction with fellow tenor saxophonists Art Themen and Don Weller, Lockett released the album "The 3 Tenors at the Appleby Jazz Festival".

paragraph: Lockett now works at St. Paul's Girls' School, and the Royal College of Music in London, teaching jazz saxophone and improvisation. He has also taught at Trinity College of Music, Leeds College of Music and has been a visiting tutor at the Dordogne Jazz Summer School. Lockett currently co-leads a monthly residency at the 606 Club in Chelsea with Peter King (saxophonist)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mark Gilbert, "Mornington Lockett". "Grove Jazz" online.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John Chilton, "Who's Who of British Jazz".

description: English jazz saxophonist

wikidata_label: Mornington Lockett

wikipedia_title: Mornington Lockett


text: amateur boxer

text: Harlesden

text: Middlesex

text: Reading

text: Welterweight

text: Joe Erskine

text: Royal Albert Hall

text: Denmark

text: ABA Championships

text: Henry Cooper

text: European Amateur Boxing Championships

text: Zbigniew Pietrzykowski

text: Don Cockell

text: Stanley Matthews

text: Alec Bedser

text: Jim Peters

text: Mike Hawthorn

text: Golden Gloves

text: Gennadiy Shatkov

text: Muhammad Ali

text: The Servant

text: Dr. Who and the Daleks

text: Doctor Who

text: Romany Jones

text: Get Some In!

text: Minder

text: Boxing Monthly

text: Chicago Daily Tribune

text: European Amateur Boxing Records

text: National ABA Boxing Records

categories: English male boxers,Commonwealth Games medallists in boxing,Welterweight boxers,1933 births,Boxers at the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games,2009 deaths,People from Harlesden,Commonwealth Games bronze medallists for England

paragraph: Bruce Wells

paragraph: Bruce Albert Wells (7 July 1933 – 14 November 2009) was an English amateur boxer, holder of the ABA Light Middleweight and European Amateur Boxing Championship titles. The magazine "Boxing News" described him as an "ex-amateur star".

paragraph: His career win count is 385 – 3.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Wells was born in Harlesden, Middlesex, and after moving to Reading as a boy, he joined the local Reading Aero Boxing Club and readily took to the game. He went on to win Junior ABA Welterweight titles in 1949 and 1950, and also claimed the Gold Star beating Joe Erskine.

paragraph: In 1951 he made his international début at Belle Vue against the USA, completely out-boxing New Yorker, Randy Sandy and dominating the proceedings with his long left lead.

paragraph: Wells started 1953 in fine style, chalking up a victory against Ireland at the Royal Albert Hall, following two successes in Denmark, before he attempted to win the ABA Championships.

paragraph: On 24 April he outscored Scotland's Len Mullen in a semi-final at Wembley, and later that evening was crowned ABA Light Middleweight champion, outpointing Brixton eel-dresser Roy Francis, who was to become one of Britain's best known referees.

paragraph: Fortified by ABA success, Wells, along with six other ABA champions, which included a young Henry Cooper, headed for the European Amateur Boxing Championships in Warsaw, and eventually clinched Gold, beating Polish National Hero Zbigniew Pietrzykowski, who was himself to go on and win a total of four European titles.

paragraph: 1953 was also a great year outside the ring, as on 10 December, Wells was honoured as one of the Sport Writers Association, Sportsman of the Year, along with Don Cockell, Sir Stanley Matthews, Alec Bedser, Jim Peters and Mike Hawthorn.

paragraph: In 1954 Wells went on to retain his ABA Crown outpointing Irishman Andy Keogh in the final at Wembley, before captaining the European team in the prestigious International Golden Gloves matches in the USA, outclassing Art Glass and Leslie Temple in Chicago and St Louis respectively.

paragraph: At the end of July, Wells flew to Vancouver for 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, reaching the semi-final. A horrendous head-on clash after only two minutes and ten seconds of the bout ruled both men out of the championships, although Wells gained the verdict and the bronze medal, by reason of majority point decision. Wells eye injury later required eight stitches and was forced to withdraw from the tournament.

paragraph: Plagued by weight problems and difficulties outside the ring, Wells suffered his third and final reverse to West Germany's Hans Rienhardt in an International match at Wembley.

paragraph: After stepping up to middleweight, his last major bout was to be against the Olympic and European champion, Gennadiy Shatkov. Although the Great Britain team was drubbed 8–2 in the International competition, Wells won his bout, outpointing Shatkov over three rounds.

paragraph: After retiring from competitive boxing, Wells became a stunt artist, working on various films and TV productions, although in 1977 he participated in a charity boxing exhibition bout with Muhammad Ali, during a visit to South Shields, UK.

paragraph: In 1968/9 he was employed at Henry Compton school, Fulham as a P.E. teacher. He brought in photos of himself as a stuntman for "You only live twice" scaling down the volcano

paragraph: Section::::TV/Film credits.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Servant" (1963) - Sidewalk Painter (uncredited)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dr. Who and the Daleks" (1965) - Thal

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Doctor Who" (1966–1973) - Ogron / Cyberman / Alien Guard / Union Recruit (uncredited)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Romany Jones" (1972) - Farmhand

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Get Some In!" (1976) - RAF regiment

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Minder" (1984) - Boxing Referee (final television appearance)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Notes

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bibliography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Berenyi, Ivan, "Bruce Wells Story", "Amateur Boxing", April 1982, Vol.2

paragraph: BULLET::::- Herbert, Daniel, "Boxing News" Obituary, 20 November 2009

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kempson, Chris, "Bruce Wells still walking tall" "Boxing Monthly", March 1991 (Volume 2, issue 11)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kempson, Chris, "Golden Greats" "Amateur Boxing Scene", May 1992

paragraph: BULLET::::- Smith, Wilfred, "Chicago Daily Tribune", 20 & 22 May 1954

paragraph: BULLET::::- Routledge, Russell, " Muhammad Ali Tyneside 1977" ()

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- European Amateur Boxing Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- National ABA Boxing Records

description: English boxer

wikidata_label: Bruce Wells

wikipedia_title: Bruce Wells


text:
Augustinian
canon
Kingdom of Scotland
St Andrews Cathedral Priory
prior of St Andrews
Inchcolm
Walter Bower
Prior of Loch Leven
St Serf's Inch Priory
St Serf's Inch
Loch Leven
Fothriff

categories: 12th-century births,Priors of Loch Leven,Priors of St Andrews,13th-century deaths

paragraph: Simon, Prior of St Andrews

paragraph: Simon (died 1225 x 1235) was a 13th-century Augustinian canon based in the Kingdom of Scotland.

paragraph: As a canon of St Andrews Cathedral Priory, he was elected prior of St Andrews in either 1211 or 1212. Simon, like his predecessor Thomas, was said by Inchcolm historian Walter Bower to have fallen out with the brothers of St Andrews and consequently to have resigned his post as prior. Subsequently, Simon became Prior of Loch Leven. This probably happened c. 1225.

paragraph: St Serf's Inch Priory lay on St Serf's Inch, an island in Loch Leven in Fothriff, and was subordinate to St Andrews Cathedral Priory.

paragraph: It is unclear how long Simon lived afterward, but his successor appears in the sources for the first time in 1235, indicating that Simon probably died before this year. Bower described Simon as "a man of honourable life and praiseworthy behaviour".

description: prior of St Andrews

wikidata_label: Simon, Prior of St Andrews

wikipedia_title: Simon, Prior of St Andrews


text:
French
Jacques-Louis David
Jean-Victor Bertin
panorama
Pierre Prévost
Diorama
Jacques Daguerre
cathédrale de Chartres
Saint-Etienne-du-Mont
Charles Marie Bouton
base joconde

categories: 19th-century French painters,1781 births,French male painters,1853 deaths,Pupils of Jacques-Louis David,19th-century male artists,18th-century French painters

paragraph: Charles Marie Bouton

paragraph: Charles Marie Bouton (16 May 1781 in Paris – 28 June 1853) was a French painter.

paragraph: He was a student of Jacques-Louis David, Jean-Victor Bertin and the first French panorama painter Pierre Prévost. He concentrated mostly on the perspective and the art of distributing light and was thus led to the invention of the Diorama, which he shares the honor with Jacques Daguerre.

paragraph: As a painter, he has reproduced happily "Souterrains de Saint-Denis", la cathédrale de Chartres, and an interior view of the church of Saint-Etienne-du-Mont.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Charles Marie Bouton dans la base joconde

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pierre Defer, "General Catalogue of auctions of paintings and prints from 1737 to the present day", Paris, Aubry, 1868, 90-3.

alias:
Charles-Marie Bouton
Charles Maria Bouton
M. Bouton
Bouton

description: painter

wikidata_label: Charles Marie Bouton

wikipedia_title: Charles Marie Bouton


text:
American football
cornerback
Montreal Alouettes
Canadian Football League
2010 Chick-fil-A Bowl
All-American
SuperPrep
Atlanta Journal-Constitution
five-A
Rivals
Scouts
scholarship
Alabama
Auburn
Florida
Georgia
2009 season
NCAA
Florida State Seminoles
Valdosta State University
St. Louis Rams
New Orleans VooDoo
NFL Veteran Combine
Jacksonville Sharks
All-Arena
AFL Rookie of the Year
Tampa Bay Storm
Monterrey Steel
Washington Valor
Player profile at "Seminoles.com"

categories: Florida State Seminoles football players,American football cornerbacks,St. Louis Rams players,People from Valdosta, Georgia,American football return specialists,New Orleans VooDoo players,Players of American football from Georgia (U.S. state),Tampa Bay Storm players,1990 births,Monterrey Steel players,Jacksonville Sharks players,Washington Valor players,Under Armour All-American football players,Living people

paragraph: Greg Reid

paragraph: Greg Reid (born September 8, 1990) is an American football cornerback for the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He led college football in yards per punt return in 2009, and was named defensive MVP in the 2010 Chick-fil-A Bowl.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:In high school.

paragraph: After a senior season in which he rushed for over 1,200 yards, scored 18 touchdowns and had nine interceptions, Reid was named the fourth best cornerback in the nation, and the top overall prospect in Georgia. He also earned All-American honors from Parade and SuperPrep, the Atlanta Journal-Constitution named him "Georgia Player of the Year", and he was named the class five-A "Georgia Player of the Decade".

paragraph: Reid was heavily recruited out of high school, earning five star ratings from both Rivals and Scouts, and received scholarship offers from Alabama, Auburn, Florida (he initially chose Florida over FSU during the recruiting process) and Georgia, among others.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:In college.

paragraph: Due to a lack of depth at the cornerback position, Reid played all thirteen games of the 2009 season, intercepting two passes, and leading the NCAA in punt return average".

paragraph: On August 1, 2012, Reid was dismissed from the Florida State Seminoles on account of violating team rules. He later transferred to Valdosta State University, which is located in the same city as his high school.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Professional career.

paragraph: Reid signed with the St. Louis Rams on March 24, 2014. The news came two days after the Rams held a private workout for him. He was waived during final cuts on August 30, 2014.

paragraph: He was assigned to the New Orleans VooDoo on December 23, 2014.

paragraph: Reid participated in the first inaugural NFL Veteran Combine on March 22, 2015.

paragraph: On April 29, 2015, Reid was assigned to the Jacksonville Sharks. Reid's great play lead him to being named to the First Team All-Arena squad as well as the AFL Rookie of the Year.

paragraph: On May 30, 2017, Reid was assigned to the Tampa Bay Storm. He was placed on league suspension on June 8, 2017.

paragraph: Reid signed with the Monterrey Steel for their postseason run.

paragraph: On May 22, 2018, Reid was assigned to the Washington Valor.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Player profile at "Seminoles.com"

description: Player of American football

wikidata_label: Greg Reid

wikipedia_title: Greg Reid


text:
guitarist
Sheryl Crow
Don Henley
Pete Droge
Sarah McLachlan
65amps
Greensboro
North Carolina
Greensboro
St. Louis
Pete Droge
Sheryl Crow
Don Henley
Lilith Fair
Trouble in Shangri-La

wikipedia_title:
Guitarist
Sheryl Crow
Don Henley
Pete Droge
Sarah McLachlan
65amps
Greensboro, North Carolina
North Carolina
Greensboro, North Carolina
St. Louis
Pete Droge
Sheryl Crow
Don Henley
Lilith Fair
Trouble in Shangri-La

categories: American rock guitarists,Sheryl Crow,Guitarists from North Carolina,Musicians from Greensboro, North Carolina,Living people,American male guitarists

paragraph: Peter Stroud

paragraph: Peter Stroud is a US guitarist best known for his work with Sheryl Crow, Don Henley, Pete Droge, and Sarah McLachlan. He is cofounder of 65amps, a company manufacturing guitar amplifiers.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Peter Stroud was born in Greensboro, North Carolina. He was raised and received early education in Greensboro, NC. High school years, he attended The Principia Upper School in St. Louis and Greensboro Day School in his hometown, graduating class 1977.

paragraph: In the mid-late 90s, Stroud played with Pete Droge. It was during this period that he met Sheryl Crow, and in late 1998 she asked him to join her band in support of her third release, "Globe Sessions". This musical relationship has lasted for over eleven years, where he eventually served as Sheryl’s music director. Soon after the conclusion of the Globe Sessions tour, Peter joined Don Henley in 2000 for his "Inside Job" tour. Their debut concert was filmed, originally for A&E’s Live By Request, and later released on DVD.

paragraph: Stroud remained active touring with Sheryl up until late June 2010, when he started touring with Sarah McLachlan's band. His last performances with Crow before moving to McLachlan were on the Lilith Fair 2010 tour, which was also his debut with McLachlan; he played with both artists for the first five dates of the tour.

paragraph: In 2012 Stroud once again joined up with Sheryl Crow and besides being her lead guitar player, he also became her bandleader. He is currently on tour with her at numerous venues in the U.S.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Discography.

paragraph: CDs:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pete Droge & The Sinners – "Beautiful Girls" (Movie Soundtrack and Title Song) (1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pete Droge & The Sinners – "Find A Door" (1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pete Droge – "Spacey & Shakin’" (1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stevie Nicks – Trouble in Shangri-La (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Timeless: Hank Williams Tribute" – Sheryl Crow/ Long Gone Lonesome Blues (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sheryl Crow – "C’mon C’mon" (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Dixie Chicks – "Home" (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shawn Mullins – "9th Ward Pickin’ Parlor" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shawn Mullins – "Honeydew" (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Michelle Malone – "Debris" (2009)

paragraph: DVDs

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sheryl Crow - "Rockin’ The Globe" (1999)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Don Henley - "Inside Job" (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sheryl Crow - "C’mon America" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sheryl Crow - "Soundstage Presents: Sheryl Crow Live" (recorded 2003, released 2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sheryl Crow - "Wildflower Tour: Live From New York" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Crossroads: Eric Clapton Guitar Festival 2007" (performing with Sheryl Crow)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shawn Mullins – "Live at the Variety Playhouse" (2008)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Interview with Peter Stroud in Premier Guitar

paragraph: BULLET::::- Facebook

paragraph: BULLET::::- Twitter

paragraph: BULLET::::- Peter Stroud Interview NAMM Oral History Library (2015)

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Peter Stroud

wikipedia_title: Peter Stroud