text:
Venanzio Rauzzini
King's Theatre
Vauxhall Gardens
Henry Bishop
Regent Street

paragraph: Maria Dickons

paragraph: Maria Dickons or Martha Frances Caroline Poole (1770s – 4 May 1833) was an opera singer.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Martha Frances Caroline Poole was born to a large family in the early 1770s or thereabouts. Her father, William, recognised her musical talents as a singer and harpsichordist.

paragraph: Dickons received her training under Venanzio Rauzzini and she appeared in one of his operas, "La vestale", in 1787 at the King's Theatre and then at Vauxhall Gardens. By the time she married in 1800 she had appeared in Dublin, Edinburgh and Covent Garden where she had been paid eight pounds per annum.

paragraph: Unfortunately her new husbands trading was not as successful as her singing so she returned to the stage for financial reasons in 1807. She and her husband separated in 1810. Between 1807 and 1815 she appeared at prime locations in London, but her forays to Paris and Italy met with undocumented or mixed success. It is suspected that she was demoted in Venice, but she used her time valuably and she created a large multi-volume collection of Italian vocal music which she brought back to Britain.

paragraph: Dickons returned to Covent Garden to work with Henry Bishop in his popularised operas in 1818 and 1819 and she then retired again.

paragraph: Dickons died at her home in Regent Street in 1833.

alias:
Martha Frances Caroline Poole
Maria Dickons
Caroline Poole

description: British opera singer  (c.1774–1833)

wikidata_label: Martha Dickons

wikipedia_title: Maria Dickons


text: Gentse Feesten

text: Ghent

text: Expo 58

text: 't Vliegerke

text: Alzheimer

text: esophageal cancer

text: ’t Vliegerke vliegt niet meer

categories: Belgian male singers,People from Ghent,21st-century sculptors,Deaths from esophageal cancer,20th-century Belgian sculptors,20th-century Belgian singers,2014 deaths,Deaths from cancer in Belgium,1934 births,Belgian folk singers,20th-century male singers

paragraph: Walter De Buck

paragraph: Walter De Buck (13 July 1934 – 21 December 2014) was a Belgian singer, sculptor and the founder of the modern Gentse Feesten.

paragraph: Walter De Buck was born in Ghent in 1934. He studied at the Koninklijke Academie voor Schone Kunsten in Ghent, where he graduated in 1954 magna cum laude. De Buck made his debut as a sculptor at the Expo 58 and was awarded several prizes for his sculptures. In 1962 he founded the vzw Trefpunt, with which he restarted the Gentse Feesten in 1969. As a musician, De Buck made name as a singer and writer of folklore music ("'t Vliegerke"). In 1984 De Buck retired from Trefpunt to focus on his sculpture work.

paragraph: De Buck, who suffered from early stage Alzheimer, died on 21 December 2014 in Ghent from the effects of esophageal cancer.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Walter De Buck verliest strijd tegen kanker

paragraph: BULLET::::- ’t Vliegerke vliegt niet meer

description: Belgian artist

wikidata_label: Walter De Buck

wikipedia_title: Walter De Buck


text: House of Wettin

text: Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg

text: Conrad, Margrave of Meissen

text: Luitgard of Swabia

text: Adelaide III

text: Quedlinburg Abbey

text: Quedlinburg Abbey

text: Judy Chicago

text: The Dinner Party

text: Heritage Floor

text: British Museum

categories: 12th-century German people,13th-century women artists,1139 births,1203 deaths,Medieval German women artists,12th-century German artists,12th-century women artists,Abbesses of Quedlinburg,Women of medieval Germany,German Roman Catholic abbesses,House of Wettin,13th-century German people,German women artists

paragraph: Agnes II, Abbess of Quedlinburg

paragraph: Agnes II (Agnes of Meissen; 1139 – 21 January 1203) was a member of the House of Wettin who reigned as Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: She was born in Meissen as the daughter of Conrad, Margrave of Meissen, and Luitgard of Swabia. In 1184, she was elected successor to Princess-Abbess Adelaide III.

paragraph: Agnes was a significant patron of art, as well as miniaturist and engraver. During her reign, the nuns of Quedlinburg Abbey made large curtains that are indispensable in the study of the art industry of the era. She also wrote and illuminated "books for divine service." However, her greatest masterpiece was the manufacture of wall-hangings, of which one set was intended to be sent to the Pope; this tapestry is the best preserved piece of Romanesque textile.

paragraph: She died in Quedlinburg Abbey on 21 January 1203.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Agnes is a featured figure on Judy Chicago's installation piece "The Dinner Party", being represented as one of the 999 names on the "Heritage Floor."

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Silver pfennig of Agnes II von Meissen, abbess of Quedlinburg in the collection of the British Museum.

description: Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg, House of Wettin member

wikidata_label: Agnes II

wikipedia_title: Agnes II, Abbess of Quedlinburg


text:
M1908 Pistol
Hino Kumazō
Image of Kumazō aircraft

categories: 1946 deaths,Japanese inventors,Japanese aviators,Aviation pioneers,1878 births,Japanese generals,Kumazo clan,Japanese businesspeople,Aerodynamicists,Kazoku,Firearm designers

paragraph: Hino Kumazo

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- M1908 Pistol

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hino Kumazō

paragraph: BULLET::::- Image of Kumazō aircraft

paragraph: BULLET::::-

paragraph: BULLET::::-

paragraph: BULLET::::-

paragraph: BULLET::::-

paragraph: BULLET::::- History of Early Aviation in Japan, Shinji Suzuki, University of Tokyo, Tokyo; Masako Sakai, Japan Aeronautic Association, Tokyo

paragraph: BULLET::::- AIAA-2005-118 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit, Reno, Nevada, Jan. 10-13, 2005

description: Japanese general

wikidata_label: Hino Kumazo

wikipedia_title: Hino Kumazo


text:
Gandersheim
Quedlinburg
Judith of Swabia
Władysław I Herman
Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor
Hroswitha of Gandersheim
Conrad Celtes
Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg
Pope Calixtus II
Henry V

categories: 1125 deaths,11th-century German people,People excommunicated by the Catholic Church,12th-century German people,1090s births,Polish princesses,11th-century women,12th-century women,Abbesses of Quedlinburg,Women of medieval Germany,German Roman Catholic abbesses,Piast dynasty

paragraph: Agnes I, Abbess of Quedlinburg

paragraph: Agnes I (born c. 1090; died 29 December 1125 in Quedlinburg) was Abbess of Gandersheim and Quedlinburg.

paragraph: She was the second daughter of Judith of Swabia and Władysław I Herman. She was the granddaughter of Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor. Agnes became abbess at Gandersheim Abbey, place of several famous women, such as Hroswitha of Gandersheim, recorded by Conrad Celtes.

paragraph: She was Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg from 1110 until 1125. She was excommunicated by Pope Calixtus II for her loyalty to her paternal uncle, Henry V, the King of the Romans in 1119.

description: Abbess of Quedlinburg

wikidata_label: Agnes I, Abbess of Quedlinburg

wikipedia_title: Agnes I, Abbess of Quedlinburg


text:
Artaphernes
Darius the Great
Achaemenid Empire
Lydia
Datis
Athens
Eretria
Ionian Revolt
Battle of Marathon
Lydia
Mysia
Second Persian invasion of Greece
Artaphernes
Greco-Persian Wars
Battle of Marathon
Darius I of Persia

categories: Battle of Marathon,Persian people of the Greco-Persian Wars,Military leaders of the Achaemenid Empire,Year of birth unknown,Achaemenid satraps of Lydia,Year of death unknown

paragraph: Artaphernes (son of Artaphernes)

paragraph: Artaphernes (), son of Artaphernes, was the nephew of Darius the Great, and a general of the Achaemenid Empire. He was a Satrap of Lydia from 492 to after 480.

paragraph: He was appointed, together with Datis, to take command of the expedition sent by Darius to punish Athens and Eretria for their support for the Ionian Revolt. Artaphernes and Datis besieged and destroyed Eretria, but were beaten by the Athenians at the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC.

paragraph: Ten years later, Artaphernes is recorded as being in command of the Lydians and Mysians in the Second Persian invasion of Greece.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Artaphernes

paragraph: BULLET::::- Greco-Persian Wars

paragraph: BULLET::::- Battle of Marathon

paragraph: BULLET::::- Darius I of Persia

description: son of Artaphernes and a general of the Achaemenid Empire

wikidata_label: Artaphernes

wikipedia_title: Artaphernes (son of Artaphernes)


text: Belgian

text: mezzo-soprano

text: opera

text: operetta

text: musical theatre

text: Bizet

text: Carmen

text: Edison Records

text: Brussels

text: royal court of Belgium

text: W. S. Gilbert

text: Habanera

text: Carmen

text: The Grand Duke

text: grand opera

text: Augustus Harris

text: Drury Lane Theatre

text: Herbert Beerbohm Tree

text: Gilbert Parker

text: The Seats of the Mighty

text: Knickerbocker Theatre

text: Gerald Du Maurier

text: musical theatre

text: musical comedy

text: vaudeville

text: The Fortune Teller

text: Victor Herbert

text: comic opera

text: J. Fred Zimmerman

text: Opéra-Comique

text: Carmen

text: Oscar Hammerstein

text: Manhattan Opera House

text: Boston Opera Company

text: San Carlo Opera Company

text: Berlin Royal Opera

text: Enrico Caruso

text: Los Angeles Times

text: Hollywood Bowl

text: Los Angeles Philharmonic

text: Seville

text: naval attaché

text: North Hollywood

text: This Is Your Life

text: Mariska Aldrich

text: Glendale, California

text: mezzo-soprano

text: soprano

text: operetta

text: comic opera

text: Carmen

text: Cavalleria rusticana

text: Erminie

text: Faust

text: La bohème

text: La favorite

text: Le Chemineau

text: Les contes d'Hoffmann

text: Manon

text: Mignon

text: Mireille

text: Pagliacci

text: The Fortune Teller

text: Tosca

text: Werther

text: Broadway

text: musical comedies

text: comic operas

text: operettas

text: The Fortune Teller

text: Victor Herbert

text: Erminie

text: Edward Jakobowski

text: Gypsy Love

text: Franz Lehár

text: Louis Verneuil

text: Emmerich Kalman

text: Rudolf Friml

text: Leo Ditrichstein

text: Clare Kummer

text: Johann Strauss I

text: Johann Strauss II

text: Oscar Straus

text: Carmen

text: Nîmes

text: France

text: Théâtre Sarah Bernhardt

text: Rupert Julian

text: Track Listing and Notes

text: Internet Broadway Database

text: Marguerita Sylva

text: IMDb

text: Marguerita Sylva

text: Los Angeles Times

text: New York Times

text: "Marguerite Sylva A New Carmen Here"

text: "Marguerite Sylva Divorced"

text: Les Annales du théâtre et de la musique

text: "'Carmen' at the Hollywood Bowl"

text: Marguerite Sylva

text: Marguerite Sylva

text: Marguerite Sylva

categories: 20th-century Belgian actresses,19th-century Belgian actresses,Belgian musical theatre actresses,1875 births,1957 deaths,People from Brussels,Operatic mezzo-sopranos,Belgian opera singers,Belgian female singers

paragraph: Marguerite Sylva

paragraph: Marguerite Sylva (also known as Marguerita Sylva) (10 July 1875 – 21 February 1957) was a Belgian born mezzo-soprano who achieved fame not only on the opera stage but also in operetta and musical theatre. She was particularly known for her performances in the title role of Bizet's "Carmen", which she sang over 300 times in the course of her career. Sylva was a pioneering recording artist for Edison Records and made many recordings for the company between 1910 and 1912.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Marguerite Sylva was born Marguerite Alice Hélène Smith in Brussels, to Mathilde (Schearer) Smith and Dr. Christian Charles Louis Smith, a Belgian of English parentage who was a consulting physician to the royal court of Belgium. Both she and her sister Edith were trained in music at the Belgian Royal Conservatory. Marguerite primarily studied the piano but also took private singing lessons. Edith went on to become a concert violinist of some renown, performing as Nadia Sylva.

paragraph: According to Marguerite Sylva's entry in the 1935 edition of "American women", it was W. S. Gilbert who gave the sisters their stage names. In early 1896 they were in London, where Edith was to play her violin for Gilbert, with Marguerite providing the piano accompaniment. Sylva recalled that after Edith finished playing, Gilbert asked her, "Don't you do anything?". She told him she "sang a little" and proceeded to sing the Habanera from "Carmen" to him. He offered her a part in his upcoming production of "The Grand Duke", but she turned it down saying that she wanted to "try grand opera first". After an audition with Augustus Harris, she was engaged to sing for the Drury Lane Theatre, and made her debut there in "Carmen". However, with Harris' death in June 1896, her opera aspirations ended. Instead she went to the United States with Herbert Beerbohm Tree's theatre company for a production of Gilbert Parker's "The Seats of the Mighty" at the Knickerbocker Theatre. Amongst the actors in the company was Gerald Du Maurier to whom she became engaged. The young couple had planned to pursue musical theatre careers together in the United States, but in the end the engagement was broken off. According to Beerbohm Tree, Sylva's mother had been opposed to the marriage.

paragraph: Du Maurier returned to the London stage. Sylva remained in the United States where she carved out an increasingly successful career in musical comedy, operetta and vaudeville. She appeared in the world premiere of "The Fortune Teller" by Victor Herbert and toured several U.S. cities playing the leading roles in "The Princess Chic", "Miss Bob White", and "The Strollers". She eventually formed the Marguerite Sylva Opera Company to produce comic operas and operettas under the management of Samuel F. Nixon and J. Fred Zimmerman. In 1902 she married the theatrical manager William David Mann. The couple left for France in 1904 where Sylva again became fascinated by opera. She found a teacher, Madame Delattre, and was soon engaged by the Opéra-Comique. She made her debut there on 14 September 1906 in the title role of "Carmen" to very good reviews. For the next three years Sylva sang with great success throughout France and Germany where she was a particular favourite. In 1909, Oscar Hammerstein invited her to return to America to sing for his opera company. On 1 September 1909, Marguerite Sylva made her American operatic debut as Carmen at the Manhattan Opera House.

paragraph: In the ensuing years Sylva sang with Hammerstein's company (until a contractual dispute ended their professional relationship), the Boston Opera Company and with the San Carlo Opera Company in the United States. She also sang in Europe, including an acclaimed 1912 performance in "Carmen" at the Berlin Royal Opera with Enrico Caruso as Don José. She continued to appear on Broadway as well, with performances in the premieres of "Gypsy Love" and "The Skylark". For a time, Sylva enjoyed a celebrity status normally accorded to movie stars, and even had her own line of cosmetics. In 2008, Mark Swed wrote in "Los Angeles Times":

paragraph: "Carmen" is not new to the Hollywood Bowl. On July 8, 1922, three days before the first season of "Symphonies Under the Stars," the Los Angeles Philharmonic, itself only 3 years old, mounted a lavish production of Bizet's opera. The cast numbered nearly 500. Massive sets of Seville surrounded the brand-new amphitheater. When soprano Marguerita Sylva, who starred, rolled into Union Station five days earlier, reporters were there to greet her as if she were a movie star. Proceeds from the performance financed the installation of the Bowl's first benches.

paragraph: Sylva and her husband, William Mann, had become estranged during her years in France and were divorced in 1912. On 1 December 1915, Sylva married Lieut. Bernard L. Smith, who at the time was the assistant naval attaché at the American Embassy in Paris. The couple later had two daughters, Daphnee and Marita, both of whom went on to have minor careers as actresses. The marriage ended in divorce on grounds of desertion in 1929. In her later years, Sylva lived in North Hollywood where she played a series of small character roles in films and taught singing. A year before her death, she was the subject of the popular NBC television show "This Is Your Life". Amongst those paying tribute to Sylva was the mezzo-soprano Mariska Aldrich who had sung with her in Hammerstein's opera company and whose career path had been somewhat similar to Sylva's. On 20 February

paragraph: 1957, Marguerite Sylva was driving her car when it went off the road and plowed into a house. She was severely injured in the accident and died the following day at the age of 81 in Behrens Memorial Hospital in Glendale, California.

paragraph: Section::::Opera roles.

paragraph: Although Marguerite Sylva's basic voice type was mezzo-soprano, she often took on soprano roles as well. (Her roles in operetta and comic opera are also included in this list.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Carmen" (Carmen)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Cavalleria rusticana" (Santuzza)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Erminie" (Erminie)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Faust" (Marguerite)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gypsy Love" (Zorika)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La bohème" (Musetta (?))

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La favorite" (Léonore)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Chemineau" (Catherine)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Point d'Argentan" (Rose-Marie)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Les contes d'Hoffmann" (Giulietta)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Manon" (Manon)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mignon" (Mignon)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mireille" (Taven)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pagliacci" (Nedda)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Fortune Teller" (Mlle. Pompom)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Princess Chic" (Princess Chic of Normandy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tosca" (Tosca)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Werther" (Charlotte)

paragraph: Section::::On Broadway.

paragraph: Marguerite Sylva's American stage debut was in the play, "The Seats of the Mighty" (1896). However, her early appearances on Broadway were mainly in musical comedies, comic operas and operettas. Sylva toured widely in the United States in this repertoire. This list is restricted to her known Broadway performances only:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mlle. Pompom in the premiere of "The Fortune Teller" an operetta by Victor Herbert (26 September - 29 October 1898)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Janet Belford in the premiere "Mam'selle 'Awkins", a musical comedy by Herman Perlêt and Alfred E. Aarons (26 February - 31 March 1900.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Erminie in the revival of "Erminie", a comic opera by Edward Jakobowski (19 October - 28 November 1903)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zorika in the premiere of "Gypsy Love", an English version of "Zigeunerliebe", an operetta by Franz Lehár (17 October - 11 November 1911)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elsie in the premiere of "The Skylark", a comedy by Thomas P. Robinson (25 July - August 1921)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sonya Orlova Varilovna in the premiere of "Cousin Sonia", a comedy by Louis Verneuil (7 December 1925 - January 1926)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mooda in the premiere of "Golden Dawn" a musical by Emmerich Kalman (30 November 1927 – 5 May 1928)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mahuna in the premiere of "Luana" a musical comedy by Rudolf Friml (17 September - 4 October 1930

paragraph: BULLET::::- Giulia Sabittini in the revival of "The Great Lover", a comedy by Frederic and Fanny Hatton and Leo Ditrichstein (11 October - October 1932)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Countess von Hohenbrunn in the premiere of "Three Waltzes", a musical by Clare Kummer and Rowland Leigh from the play by using music by Johann Strauss I, Johann Strauss II, and Oscar Straus (25 December 1937 – 9 April 1938)

paragraph: Section::::In film.

paragraph: Sylva's earliest venture into cinema was probably the title role in a 1913 silent film of "Carmen" shot in Nîmes, France with M. Habay (an actor with the Théâtre Sarah Bernhardt) as Don José. Her first major role in a Hollywood film came in 1920 when she played Hilda Wilson in "The Honey Bee" directed by Rupert Julian. Her other film roles included:

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Du Maurier, Daphne (1935), "Gerald: A Portrait", Doubleday, Doran & Company.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gevinson, Alan (1997) "Within Our Gates: Ethnicity in American Feature Films, 1911-1960", University of California Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hamilton, Frank (2007) Opera in Philadelphia: Performance Chronology 1900 - 1924

paragraph: BULLET::::- Holdridge, Lawrence F. (2000) Track Listing and Notes, "The Edison Trials: Voice Audition Cylinders of 1912-1913", Marston Records.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Howes, Durward (1935) "American women: The Official Who's who Among the Women of the Nation", Richard Blank Publishing Company.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Internet Broadway Database, Marguerita Sylva

paragraph: BULLET::::- IMDb, Marguerita Sylva

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lecointe, Thierry (2004) "Les premières années du spectacle cinématographique à Nîmes – 1895-1913", "1895: Revue de l’Association française de recherche sur l’histoire du cinéma", n°43.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Los Angeles Times", "Engaged: Du Maurier's Son to Marry Miss Marguerite Sylva", 26 Nov 1896

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Los Angeles Times", "Teachers Will Fete Former Opera Star", 31 May 1956

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New York Times", "Bustle and Stir of the Theatrical World", 10 August 1902, p. 10

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New York Times", "Marguerite Sylva A New Carmen Here", 23 August 1909, p. 7.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New York Times", "Carmen at the Manhattan: Mme. Marguerite Sylva Wins Success as the Heroine", 2 September 1909, p. 9.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New York Times", "Marguerite Sylva Divorced", 4 February 1912, p. 15

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New York Times", "Shares Caruso's Honors: Marguerite Sylva Obtains Triumph in Title Role of "Carmen" in Berlin", 8 October 1912, p. 4

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New York Times", "Opera Star Asks Divorce: Marguerita Sylva Files Suit Against B.L. Smith in Miami", 2 May 1929, p. 4

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pearson, Hesketh (1956), "Beerbohm Tree: His Life and Laughter", Methuen.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shaman, William "et al." (1999) "More EJS: Discography of the Edward J. Smith Recordings" ("Unique Opera Records Corporation" (1972–1977), "A.N.N.A. Record Company" (1978–1982), "special-label" Issues (circa 1954-1981), and Addendum to "The Golden Age of Opera" Series), Greenwood Publishing Group, p. 285 and "passim".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stoullig, Edmond (1907) "Les Annales du théâtre et de la musique", Paris: P. Ollendorff, pp. 212–213

paragraph: BULLET::::- Swed, Mark, "'Carmen' at the Hollywood Bowl", "Los Angeles Times", 15 July 2008

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Van Nuys News", Obituary: Edith Sarah Jane Sinkins, 4 February 1952.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marguerite Sylva portrait Univ of Louisville Macauley's Theatre collection

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marguerite Sylva selected recordings at InternetArchive.com(downloadable acoustic format)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marguerite Sylva, recordings with Carl Hayden, Arthur Albro

alias:
Marguerite Alice Hélène Smith
Marguerite Alice Helene Smith

description: singer

wikidata_label: Marguerite Sylva

wikipedia_title: Marguerite Sylva


text:
blues rock
Savoy Brown
blues
British blues
Cream
John Lee Hooker
Decca
Lonesome Dave Peverett
Chris Youlden
Blue Matter
A Step Further
Foghat
Chicken Shack
Paul Raymond
Andy Silvester
Dave Walker
Rod Stewart
Faces
Temptations
Buckingham
Nicks
Savoy Brown
Billboard
Savoy Brown website

categories: British blues guitarists,Blues singer-songwriters,People from Newbridge, Caerphilly,20th-century guitarists,British blues musicians,Welsh singer-songwriters,21st-century Welsh singers,British rhythm and blues boom musicians,Deram Records artists,21st-century guitarists,1947 births,Welsh record producers,British blues (genre) musicians,Welsh rock musicians,20th-century male singers,Welsh songwriters,Lead guitarists,Savoy Brown members,Electric blues musicians,Living people,Welsh rock singers,Welsh male singers,British blues singers,Decca Records artists,20th-century Welsh singers,Blues rock musicians,Welsh rock guitarists

paragraph: Kim Simmonds

paragraph: Kim Maiden Simmonds (born 5 December 1947) is a Welsh guitarist and is the leader and founder member of the blues rock band Savoy Brown.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: When still a young teenager, Simmonds learned to play from listening to his brother's blues records. Considered one of the architects of British blues, he started the Savoy Brown Blues Band in October 1965, who began playing gigs at the Nags Head in 1966 in London. Early gigs included performing with Cream at Klooks Kleek and accompanying John Lee Hooker.

paragraph: Live performances led to Savoy Brown signing with Decca. But it was 1969 before its classic line-up gelled around Simmonds, rhythm guitarist Lonesome Dave Peverett, and the monocle and bowler hat-wearing vocalist Chris Youlden. That year's "Blue Matter" and "A Step Further" albums conjured up at least three classics heard on "The Best of Savoy Brown (20th Century Masters/The Millennium Collection)": "Train To Nowhere", the live show-stopper "Louisiana Blues" (a Muddy Waters number), and "I'm Tired".

paragraph: Since its first US visit, Savoy Brown has criss-crossed the country, and "I'm Tired" became the group's first hit single across the ocean. The band would find a greater following in America than in its native England throughout its career.

paragraph: 1970's "Raw Sienna" followed, featuring "A Hard Way To Go" and "Stay While The Night Is Still Young". When Youlden then departed for a solo career, Lonesome Dave took over the lead vocals. "Looking In", also in 1970, featured not only "Poor Girl" and "Money Can't Save Your Soul" but one of the era's memorable LP covers, a troglodyte-like savage staring into an eye socket of a monstrous skull. Later, Peverett, bassist Tony Stevens and drummer Roger Earl left to form the successful but decidedly rock band Foghat. Simmonds soldiered on, recruiting from blues band Chicken Shack keyboardist Paul Raymond, bassist Andy Silvester and drummer Dave Bidwell, and from the Birmingham club circuit the vocalist Dave Walker.

paragraph: The new line-up was a hit. On stage in America, the group was supported by Rod Stewart and the Faces. On the album "Street Corner Talking" (1971) and "Hellbound Train" (1972) launched favorites "Tell Mama", "Street Corner Talking", a cover of the Temptations' Motown standard "I Can't Get Next To You" and the nine-minute epic "Hellbound Train" (decades later Love & Rockets adapted it as "Bound For Hell"). Walker then quit to join Fleetwood Mac, pre-Buckingham/Nicks.

paragraph: In 1997, Simmonds released his first solo acoustic album, entitled "Solitaire". He toured worldwide with various configurations of Savoy Brown. The 2004 live set "you should Have Been There", recorded in early 2003 in Vancouver with Simmonds handling lead vocals - and also as a solo acoustic act. In 2011 he celebrated 45 years of touring with the Savoy Brown album "Voodoo Moon".

paragraph: In 2017, his album with Savoy Brown, "Witchy Feeling", reached number one on the "Billboard" blues charts.

paragraph: As a soloist and leader of Savoy Brown, Simmonds released over 47 albums through 2016. He is also a painter; the cover of his 2008 solo release, "Out of the Blue", featured his original art.

paragraph: Section::::Discography (solo).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Solitaire" (1997)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blues Like Midnight" (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Struck by Lightning" (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Out of the Blue" (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jazzin' on the Blues" (2015)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Savoy Brown website

description: British musician

wikidata_label: Kim Simmonds

wikipedia_title: Kim Simmonds


text:
Russia
icon
Andrei Rublev
Assumption Cathedral in Vladimir
Trinity Cathedral
Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius
icon
cathedral
Tretyakov Gallery
Moscow
Russian Museum
St. Petersburg

categories: 1360 births,Russian icon painters,15th-century Russian people,15th-century painters,14th-century painters,Medieval Russian artists,14th-century Russian people,1430 deaths,Medieval Russian painters

paragraph: Daniel Chorny

paragraph: Daniil Chyorny () (c. 1360–1430) was a Russian monk and icon painter.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Together with his companion Andrei Rublev and other painters, Chyorny worked at the Assumption Cathedral in Vladimir (1408) and Trinity Cathedral in the Trinity Lavra of St. Sergius (1420s). Some icons for these cathedrals are believed to have been painted by Chyorny.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: The icons of the Assumption Cathedral are currently displayed at the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow and the Russian Museum in St. Petersburg.

description: Russian icon painter and monk (1350th-1428)

wikidata_label: Daniel Chorny

wikipedia_title: Daniel Chorny


text:
monster truck
Grinder
Advance Auto Parts
Monster Jam World Finals
Bigfoot
Sudden Impact
Ford F-150
USHRA
Monster Jam
T-Maxx
El Toro Loco
Inferno
slap wheelies
USHRA Driver Profile

paragraph: John Seasock

paragraph: John Seasock (born July 3, 1965) was a professional monster truck driver. He last drove Grinder sponsored by Advance Auto Parts, and is a 2 time Monster Jam World Finals Racing Champion.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Seasock began his interest in monster trucks when he saw Bigfoot at the Philadelphia Spectrum. In 1990 he became a full-time driver with his first Sudden Impact, a red Ford F-150 which was leaf-sprung.

paragraph: In the middle of the 1990s, Seasock drove for several teams, including a stint in the Devil's Dodge truck, before buying the Storm Warning vehicle and renaming it to Sudden Impact. It was the first truck to sport the recognisable teal paint scheme.

paragraph: He continued in that truck until 1999 when he purchased the Liquidator from Bob Fisher and also renamed it Sudden Impact. This truck went through several revisions and paint schemes through its lifespan. It also brought Seasock to stardom on the USHRA Monster Jam circuit, helping him receive four World Finals berths and become one of the more well-known truck/driver combinations in the series. He also worked as a part-time driver for Mike Welch Motorsports, driving Pirate Pete.

paragraph: In 2004 Seasock's team became a part of Chiller Motorsports to form Sudden Impact Racing. Seasock stepped aside from Sudden Impact and climbed into T-Maxx, splitting up a combination known to fans for many years.

paragraph: Seasock returned to Sudden Impact for the 2006 winter season, but left the team in April. He has since joined Live Nation, and had been driving various trucks for them, including Team Suzuki, El Toro Loco, and Inferno. For the 2007 winter season, he became the driver of Batman. In this truck, Seasock scored the biggest win of his career as he won the 2007 Monster Jam Racing Championship. In 2008, he repeated the feat, becoming only the second back-to-back racing champion.

paragraph: Section::::Trademarks.

paragraph: Seasock's freestyles have a high rate of momentum but are more controlled and do not feature many unconventional hits. Despite this, Seasock often relies on big jumps, slap wheelies and donuts to receive increasingly consistent high scores. Seasock's signature freestyle move is the "roof walk", which involves him standing on the roof of the truck and acknowledging the fans while the truck is still in motion.

paragraph: Off the track, Seasock is very well known for his fan interaction, including attending weekly chat sessions on his team's website. He is also an avid street bike rider.

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Monster Truck Racing Association (MTRA) Sportsman of the Year: 1997, 1998, 2000

paragraph: BULLET::::- USHRA Sportsman of the Year: 2001

paragraph: BULLET::::- MTRA Most Improved Team: 1999

paragraph: BULLET::::- MTRA Safety Award: 2000

paragraph: BULLET::::- USHRA World Finalist: 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010

paragraph: BULLET::::- USHRA Monster Jam Racing Champion: 2007, 2008

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- USHRA Driver Profile

description: Monster truck driver

wikidata_label: John Seasock

wikipedia_title: John Seasock


text: painter

text: printmaker

text: abstraction

text: Hammersmith

text: ICI

text: horticulturist

text: botanical illustrator

text: Second World War

text: RAF officer

text: Sefton Delmer

text: black propaganda

text: Gordon Hewart, 1st Viscount Hewart

text: journalist

text: lawyer

text: MP

text: Lord Chief Justice

text: Thomas Hodgkin

text: still life

text: Eliot Hodgkin

text: Long Island

text: Eton College

text: Bryanston School

text: Dorset

text: Camberwell Art School

text: Bath Academy of Art

text: Corsham

text: Edward Piper

text: John Hoyland

text: Hayward Gallery

text: Gillian Ayres

text: Basil Beattie

text: Terry Setch

text: Anthony Caro

text: Patrick Caulfield

text: Ben Nicholson

text: Venice Biennale

text: Turner Prize

text: knight

text: British Council in India

text: Venice

text: Yale Centre of British Art

text: Tate Britain

text: The Independent

text: John Hoyland

text: John Walker

text: Ian Stephenson

text: Patrick Caulfield

text: R.B. Kitaj

text: Yale Center for British Art

text: National Life Stories

text: CBE

text: DLitt

text: University of Oxford

text: 2003 New Year Honours

text: Whitechapel Gallery

text: The Independent

text: Antony Peattie

text: Bloomsbury

text: British Museum

text: Tate

text: Nicholas Serota

text: Artchive information

text: Artcyclopedia information

text: Exhibition

categories: British abstract artists,Alumni of the University of the Arts,Alumni of Camberwell College of Arts,Hodgkin family,People educated at Eton College,Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour,LGBT artists from the United Kingdom,Gay artists,21st-century English painters,1932 births,English contemporary artists,2017 deaths,English printmakers,People educated at St Andrew's School, Pangbourne,English male painters,Alumni of Bath School of Art and Design,20th-century English painters,Postmodern artists,Turner Prize winners,People educated at Bryanston School

paragraph: Howard Hodgkin

paragraph: Sir Gordon Howard Eliot Hodgkin (6 August 1932 – 9 March 2017) was a British painter and printmaker. His work is most often associated with abstraction.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Gordon Howard Eliot Hodgkin was born on 6 August 1932 in Hammersmith, London, the son of Eliot Hodgkin (1905–1973), a manager for the chemical company ICI and a noted amateur horticulturist, and his wife Katherine, a botanical illustrator. During the Second World War, Eliot Hodgkin was an RAF officer, rising to Wing Commander, and was assistant to Sefton Delmer in running his black propaganda campaign against Nazi Germany.

paragraph: His maternal grandfather Gordon Hewart, 1st Viscount Hewart was a journalist, lawyer, MP and Lord Chief Justice; and the scientist Thomas Hodgkin was his great-great-grandfather's older brother. Hodgkin was a cousin of the English still life painter Eliot Hodgkin (1905–1987),

paragraph: During the Second World War, Hodgkin was evacuated with his mother and sister to the US, where they lived on Long Island, New York. On returning, he was educated at Eton College and then at Bryanston School in Dorset. He had decided on a career in art in early childhood and ran away from school to pursue this.

paragraph: He studied at the Camberwell Art School and later at the Bath Academy of Art in Corsham, where Edward Piper studied drawing under him.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Hodgkin's first solo show was in London in 1962.

paragraph: In 1980, Hodgkin was invited by John Hoyland to exhibit work as part of the Hayward Annual at the Hayward Gallery along with Gillian Ayres, Basil Beattie, Terry Setch, Anthony Caro, Patrick Caulfield, Ben Nicholson and others.

paragraph: In 1981, Hodgkin had collaborated with the Rambert Dance Company's Resident Choreographer, Richard Alston, for his abstract work 1981 for the production of Night Music and later for the production of Pulcinella in 1987.

paragraph: In 1984, Hodgkin represented Britain at the Venice Biennale, in 1985 he won the Turner Prize, and in 1992 he was knighted.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:British Council in India.

paragraph: Hodgkin was invited to design a mural for the front of Charles Correa's 1992 headquarters for the British Council in India. Hodgkin's mural is of a banyan tree spreading its branches across the walls. It is a symbol of the British Council's work rooted in the Indian cultural scene. Hodgkin said of Correa: “Charles Correa is the most perfect architect you could imagine. He first suggested that I think about the mural as an Indian flag turning into a Union Jack. I said no.”

paragraph: In 1995, Hodgkin printed the "Venetian Views" series, which depict the same view of Venice at four different times of day. "Venice, Afternoon" – one of the four prints – uses 16 sheets, or fragments, in a hugely complex printing process that creates a colourful, painterly effect. This piece was given to the Yale Centre of British Art in June 2006 by its Israeli family owners in order to complement the museum's already-impressive collection of Hodgkins.

paragraph: A major exhibition of his work was mounted at Tate Britain, London, in 2006. Also in 2006, "The Independent" declared him one of the 100 most influential gay people in Britain, as his work has helped many people express their emotions to others.

paragraph: In September 2010, Hodgkin and five other British artists, John Hoyland, John Walker, Ian Stephenson, Patrick Caulfield and R.B. Kitaj, were in an exhibition entitled "The Independent Eye: Contemporary British Art From the Collection of Samuel and Gabrielle Lurie," at the Yale Center for British Art.

paragraph: Before his death on 9 March 2017 he was working on two UK exhibitions, one at the Hepworth Wakefield, and another at the National Portrait Gallery.

paragraph: His prints were hand-painted etchings and he worked with the master printer Jack Shirreff at 107 Workshop.

paragraph: A feature of his painting was that he made the frame intrinsic to the work " incorporated physically into the painting as part of its making, or created as an illusion to give definition to his subject."

paragraph: National Life Stories conducted an oral history interview (C466/286) with Howard Hodgkin between 2008 and 2017 for its Artists' Lives collection held by the British Library.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: Hodgkin was appointed a CBE in 1977, and he was knighted in 1992. He received an honorary fellowship from the London Institute in 1999. In 2000, he was awarded an honorary DLitt by the University of Oxford. He was made a Companion of Honour in the 2003 New Year Honours for his services to art. Hodgkin was named 2014 Whitechapel Gallery Art Icon.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life and death.

paragraph: In 1955, Hodgkin married Julia Lane, by whom he had two children. Hodgkin knew he was gay, even when he was married, and later left his wife. In 2009, "The Independent" reported that he had been with his partner, the music writer Antony Peattie, for 20 years. They lived in a four-storey Georgian house in Bloomsbury, near the British Museum.

paragraph: On 9 March 2017, Hodgkin died at the age of 84 in a hospital in London. Tributes to him were made by several figures in British art, including Tate director Nicholas Serota.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Artchive information

paragraph: BULLET::::- Artcyclopedia information

paragraph: BULLET::::- An audio interview (.ram format) with Hodgkin by Edward Lucie Smith

paragraph: BULLET::::- Exhibition at Tate Britain, London, 14 June – 10 September 2006

description: British artist

enwikiquote_title: Howard Hodgkin

wikidata_label: Howard Hodgkin

wikipedia_title: Howard Hodgkin


text:
Duke (or King) of Bavaria
Agilolfings
Bavarian dynasty
Kingdom of the Lombards
Merovingian
Theudebald
Austrasia
Chlothar I
Waldrada
Lombard
Wacho
Bavarii
Pannonia
Bohemia
Italy
Theodelinda
Childebert II
Authari
Gundoald
Asti
Lombardy
Byzantium
Bavarii
Agilulf
Paulus Diaconus
Tassilo
Gregory of Tours
"History of the Franks: Books I-X"

categories: 540 births,6th-century rulers in Europe,Agilolfings,Dukes of Bavaria

paragraph: Garibald I of Bavaria

paragraph: Garibald I (also Garivald; ; born 540) was Duke (or King) of Bavaria from 555 until 591. He was the head of the Agilolfings, and the ancestor of the Bavarian dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of the Lombards.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: After the death of the Merovingian king Theudebald of Austrasia, his successor Chlothar I had "begun to have intercourse with" his widow Waldrada (531–572), daughter of the Lombard king Wacho. Chlothar's bishops objected, so he gave Waldrada to Garibald to marry in 556. Not only did this grant Garibald prestige, but it created lasting political ties between the Bavarii and the Lombards of Pannonia and Bohemia. This would have consequences after the Lombards moved into Italy in 568.

paragraph: Some time before 585, the Merovingian court attempted to bind Duke Garibald more closely to their interests by arranging a marriage between his daughter Theodelinda and King Childebert II of Austrasia. At the same time the Merovingians were attempting to normalise relations with Authari, the Lombard king, by arranging a marriage between Childebert's sister and Authari. Both these proposals fell through. The offended Authari was engaged to Theodelinda in 588. Fearing an anti-Frankish axis, the Franks sent an army into Bavaria. Garibald's children Gundoald and Theodelinda fled to Italy. Authari married Theodelinda in May 589 and named his brother-in-law, Gundoald, Duke of Asti. In 590, the Franks invaded Lombardy with help from Byzantium, but were defeated.

paragraph: In 591, Childebert normalised relations with the Lombards and Bavarii. After King Authari died in 590, the Lombard dukes asked Theodelinda to marry again. She chose Authari's cousin Agilulf as her husband, and he was accepted as the next king. They then negotiated a peace with Childebert which lasted for decades. According to Paulus Diaconus, peace with Bavaria was restored when Childebert named Tassilo "rex" (king). It is unknown whether Garibald was deposed or died. Nor is it clear what Tassilo's relationship to Garibald was; though if not his son, he was certainly a close relation.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gregory of Tours, "History of the Franks: Books I-X", Book IV, Chapter 9

paragraph: BULLET::::- Störmer, Wilhelm. "Die Baiuwaren: Von der Völkerwanderung bis Tassilo III." pp 59 – 64. Verlag C. H. Beck, 2002, .

description: Duke of Bavaria

wikidata_label: Garibald I of Bavaria

wikipedia_title: Garibald I of Bavaria


text:
Kaufbeuren
Augsburg
German
etching
printmaking
woodcut
Augsburg
married
Nuremberg
Emperor Maximilian II
Rudolf II
nobility
armour
Royal Palace of Madrid
Germanisches Nationalmuseum
German Historical Museum
Berlin
woodcut
Albrecht Dürer
prints
goldsmith
peasant
Landsknecht
Mantegna
Durer's
Jacopo de' Barbari
Raimondi
Altdorfer
state
print cabinet

categories: German printmakers,15th-century German artists,16th-century German artists,1470s births,1536 deaths,Armourers

paragraph: Daniel Hopfer

paragraph: Daniel Hopfer (circa 1470 in Kaufbeuren – 1536 in Augsburg) was a German artist who is widely believed to have been the first to use etching in printmaking, at the end of the fifteenth century. He also worked in woodcut.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: The son of Bartholomäus Hopfer, a painter, and his wife Anna Sendlerin, Daniel moved to Augsburg early in his life, and acquired citizenship there in 1493.

paragraph: In 1497 he married Justina Grimm, sister of the Augsburg publisher, physician and druggist Sigismund Grimm. The couple had three sons, Jörg, Hieronymus and Lambert, the last two of whom carried on their father's profession of etching, Hieronymus in Nuremberg and Lambert in Augsburg. The two sons of Jörg, Georg and Daniel (junior), also became distinguished etchers, patronised by no less than the Emperor Maximilian II, whose successor, Rudolf II, raised Georg to the nobility.

paragraph: Daniel was trained as an etcher of armour. There are only two proven examples of his own work on armour: a shield from 1536 now in the Royal Armoury museum ("La Real Armería") of the Royal Palace of Madrid and a sword in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum of Nuremberg. An Augsburg horse armour in the German Historical Museum, Berlin, dating to between 1512 and 1515, is decorated with motifs from Hopfer's etchings and woodcuts, but this is no evidence that Hopfer himself worked on it.

paragraph: The etching of metals with acid was known in Europe from at least 1400, but the elaborate decoration of armour, in Germany anyway, was an art probably imported from Italy around the end of the 15th century—little earlier than the birth of etching as a printmaking technique. Although the first extant dated etchings are the three by Albrecht Dürer of 1515, and despite the fact that none of his works are dated, stylistic evidence suggests that Daniel Hopfer was using this technology as early as 1500. It is often thought that Hopfer taught Dürer the technique.

paragraph: The Hopfers prospered in Augsburg, and by 1505 Daniel owned a house in the city centre. He sat on the committee of the Augsburg guild of smiths, which at this time included painters and etchers, probably because these crafts were uniquely connected in the town, one of Europe's principal manufacturing places of arms and armour.

paragraph: Daniel died in Augsburg in 1536. His achievement was widely recognized during his time, and in 1590 he was posthumously named as the inventor of the art of etching in the imperial patent of nobility bestowed upon his grandson Georg.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Daniel Hopfer's early etchings were done in line-work, but he and his sons soon developed more sophisticated techniques, referred to by armour historians as the "Hopfer style". Applied to prints, this produced silhouetted designs on a black ground, doubtless by multiple bitings of the plates. The technically demanding procedure seems to have been both delicate and labour-intensive, and no other artists are known to have used this exact method. Their plates were all iron, rather than the copper that the Italians later introduced once appropriate acids had been discovered. Iron plates had to be handled carefully to be kept free of rust, which could develop quickly from even a fingerprint.

paragraph: None of the Hopfer family was a trained artist, or a natural draughtsman: their designs show a certain naïveté that never gained an artistic following. But the extraordinary diversity of the Hopfers' works have made them collectors' items. From religious prints to designs for goldsmiths, secular subjects such as peasants, military figures (especially Landsknechts), portraits of contemporary worthies, mytholological and folkloric themes, the sheer range of the Hopfers' productions are both remarkable and unique, designed to appeal to a clientele far wider than the metalsmiths who bought his patterns to create their wares. However, the Hopfer family did not hesitate to plagiarize the work of their contemporaries: of Daniel's 230 known prints, 14 are copies of other masters, mainly Mantegna, whilst only a minority of Hieronymus' 82 plates are his original work—no less than 21 are copies of Durer's works, and around 30 others are copies from Jacopo de' Barbari, Raimondi and Altdorfer among others.

paragraph: In the next century, a distant relative of the Hopfers, David Funck (1642–1705), a bookseller of Nuremberg, acquired 230 of the Hopfers' iron plates, and reprinted these under the title "Operae Hopferianae", adding a somewhat crudely scratched number, known as the "Funck number", to each one, thus creating a second state of the hitherto unretouched plates.

paragraph: A further print run of 92 plates was made in 1802 by the publishers C.W. Silberberg of Frankfurt under the title "Opera Hopferiana". The quality of the prints is a tribute to the care with which the Hopfer family maintained these rust-prone plates, many of which are in the Berlin print cabinet today.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Daniel Hopfer von Kaufbeuren, Meister zu Augsburg 1493-1536." Ed. Eyssen: Dissertation, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Heidelberg, 1904

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hollstein's German Engravings Etchings and Woodcuts 1400-1700." Vol. XV. A.L. Van Gendt B.V., Blaricum, 1986.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Renaissance Print 1470-1550." David Landau and Peter Parchall. Yale University Press, 1994.

alias:
Daniel, the Elder Hopfer
Daniel I Hopfer
Daniel, I Hopfer
Daniel I Hopffer
Daniel, I Hopffer

description: Engraver from Germany

wikidata_label: Daniel Hopfer

wikipedia_title: Daniel Hopfer


text:
printmaking
German
Swiss
engraver
painter
Alsace
engraving
playing cards
Kupferstich-Kabinett
Dresden
Bibliothèque nationale de France
Paris
Konrad Witz
cyclamen
goldsmith
Master E. S.
Israhel van Meckenem
cross-hatching
Christie's
Metropolitan Museum of Art
miniatures
Giant Bible of Mainz
Gutenberg Bible
Princeton University
suits
wild men
woodcut
Johannes Gutenberg
movable type
states
Max Lehrs
Woodcut
old master print
prints
Arthur Mayger Hind
manuscript
ProQuest
More images
"The Queen of Stags"
"Five of Flowers"
Schoyen collection
Book of Hours

categories: German engravers,Anonymous artists,Gothic artists,15th-century engravers

paragraph: Master of the Playing Cards

paragraph: The Master of the Playing Cards () was the first major master in the history of printmaking. He was a German (or conceivably Swiss) engraver, and probably also a painter, active in southwestern Germany - probably in Alsace, from the 1430s to the 1450s, who has been called "the first personality in the history of engraving."

paragraph: Various attempts to identify him have not been generally accepted, so he remains known only through his 106 engravings, which include the set of playing cards in five suits from which he takes his name. The majority of the set survives in unique impressions, most of which are in the Kupferstich-Kabinett in Dresden and the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris. A further 88 engravings are regarded as sufficiently close to his style to be by his pupils.

paragraph: Section::::Style.

paragraph: It has long been recognised that Master's style was closely related to that of paintings from south-western Germany and Switzerland in the period 1430–50, by artists of whom the best known is Konrad Witz. In addition, the Alpine cyclamen – a flowering plant native to the region – very frequently appears in the engravings. Although the theory proposed by Leo Baer to identify the Master as Witz has not been widely accepted, the Master does appear to have been trained as an artist rather than a goldsmith like many other early engravers. His prints show an engraving technique closely related to drawing, with forms conceived in three dimensions and delicately modeled; other engravers were usually trained as goldsmiths, such as Master E. S. or Israhel van Meckenem, and their works display a different set of stylistic conventions. The Master's shading is mostly done using parallel vertical lines, and cross-hatching is rare.

paragraph: Apart from comparisons with paintings, the start of his period of activity can only be dated to before 1446 by a dated print by his presumed pupil, referred to as the "Master of 1446". The fact that by then he already had a mature pupil suggests that the Master himself had been active for many years by that date.

paragraph: Prints done by the Master very rarely appear on the market, but on 20 September 2006 Christie's London auctioned a print titled "Queen of Flowers" for £243,200 (about $450,000). The print is now part of the print collection at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

paragraph: Section::::Cards.

paragraph: Many of Master's engravings, especially the cards, contain compositional elements that also occur in the miniatures of the Giant Bible of Mainz of 1452–3 and other illuminations made in Mainz between then and 1482, including at least one illuminated copy of the Gutenberg Bible, which is now in the Princeton University library. It has been suggested that he painted elements of these miniatures. It is generally thought that both sets derive from a common manuscript model-book of the sort painters are known to have maintained, though this does not rule out his involvement, or that of his workshop, in the painting. There are similar repetitions in many other manuscripts and other works of art, mostly but not all German.

paragraph: The cards have typical suits for Northern European cards of the period: flowers, birds, deer, beasts of prey and wild men – so five suits in total. Each symbol (or "pip") on a card is different, so the quantity and difficulty of the engraving is far greater than found in a modern set of cards (and, equally, rapid play must have been very difficult as there are no numbers depicted on the cards). Engraved sets of cards are few; they must have been much more expensive than those made in woodcut, which can be printed in much greater numbers before the matrix wears out. Interestingly and unusually, some of the cards are composed of different little plates, one per pip, which were presumably held together in a frame for printing. Possibly the Master was in Mainz and was influenced by Johannes Gutenberg's movable type. Despite this, the majority of the pips are unique, and although they appear rather jumbled as groups, when looked at individually it is apparent that many are very fine studies of their subjects. Despite the very few impressions surviving, some cards exist in two states, and some in different versions, all catalogued by Max Lehrs.

paragraph: Section::::Place in printmaking.

paragraph: Woodcut old master prints had begun around the turn of the century, and were extremely popular by the start of the Master of the Playing Cards' career, but were then almost all very crudely executed. Playing cards and religious images were the vast majority of the production. Although he comes very early in the history of engraving for prints, the Master of the Playing Cards is certainly not the inventor of the technique. He is however considered the first significant artist to use either printmaking technique. The art historian Arthur Mayger Hind characterised his style as "incisive and individual".

paragraph: After him came a series of other significant engravers who had trained as either an artist or a goldsmith, and after woodcuts became widely used for illustrating printed books, their quality also improved. The Master's other works are mostly religious and some are relatively large for very early engravings; these were intended mainly for insertion as illustrations into manuscript devotional books. As with most early printmakers, many of his designs survive only in copies by others, and many have not survived at all.

paragraph: Some of his presumed pupils have also been given names by art historians, such as the "Master of the Nuremberg Passion", the "Master of 1446", and the "Master of the Banderoles". If the Master also practiced as a painter, whether on panel or in manuscript illuminations, no identification of any of his works has been generally accepted.

paragraph: Section::::Literature.

paragraph: NB: Twenty-nine of the cards, and other prints, are illustrated on Commons at

paragraph: BULLET::::- Max Geisberg: Das älteste gestochene deutsche Kartenspiel vom Meister der Spielkarten, Studien zur deutschen Kunstgeschichte, Heitz, Straßburg 1905 - The standard work on the cards, in which all are reproduced.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dorothy Miner, The Great Bible of Mainz, 500th Anniversary, Washington 1952

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hellmut Lehmann-Haupt, Gutenberg and the Master of the Playing Cards, 1966 (Yale)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Martha Anne Wood Wolff: "The Master of the playing cards: an early engraver and his relationship to traditional media", 1979, Dissertation, Yale; UMI (ProQuest), Dissertation Services, 2002

paragraph: BULLET::::- Martha Wolff: "Some Manuscript Sources for the Playing Card Master's Number Cards", In: The Art Bulletin 64, Dec. 1982, p.587-600,

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- More images

paragraph: BULLET::::- Two cards from The Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. "The Queen of Stags" by the Master of the Playing Cards, and "Five of Flowers" by a student of the Master of Playing cards

paragraph: BULLET::::- Schoyen collection - a Book of Hours with border decorations including motifs from the cards - MS 007

wikidata_label: Master of the Playing Cards

wikipedia_title: Master of the Playing Cards


href: Norway cross%20country%20skiing Finland Vasaloppet Birkebeinerrennet International%20Ski%20Federation

text:
Norwegian
cross country skier
Finland
Vasaloppet
Birkebeinerrennet
International Ski Federation (FIS)

categories: 1985 births,Living people,Norwegian male cross-country skiers,Vasaloppet winners

paragraph: Petter Eliassen

paragraph: Petter Eliassen (born December 1, 1985) is a Norwegian cross country skier who has competed since 2004. His best World Cup finish was second in a 4 x 10 km relay event in Finland in March 2010. He won the Vasaloppet 2015 and Birkebeinerrennet 2015.

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.

paragraph: All results are sourced from the International Ski Federation (FIS).

paragraph: Section::::World Cup results.:Team podiums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1 podium – (1 )

description: Norwegian cross-country skier

wikidata_label: Petter Eliassen

wikipedia_title: Petter Eliassen


text: record producer

text: Lexington

text: Kentucky

text: Staffordsville, Kentucky

text: Nashville, Tennessee

text: Sea Gayle Music

text: Kenny Chesney

text: Never Wanted Nothing More

text: George Strait

text: Love's Gonna Make It Alright

text: Luke Bryan

text: Drink a Beer

text: Adele

text: Brad Paisley

text: Dierks Bentley

text: Vince Gill

text: Peter Frampton

text: Sheryl Crow

text: several awards

text: Grammy Award

text: Academy of Country Music

text: Country Music Association

text: The SteelDrivers

text: Traveller

text: "Billboard" 200

text: Album of the Year

text: Grammy Award for Best Country Album

text: Lexington

text: Kentucky

text: coal miner

text: Staffordsville

text: Kentucky

text: Paintsville

text: Johnson Central High School

text: Vanderbilt University

text: Travis Tritt

text: Staffordsville, Kentucky

text: Travis Tritt

text: Sea Gayle Music

text: The Steeldrivers

text: Southern rock

text: The Jompson Brothers

text: Zac Brown Band

text: Mercury Nashville

text: WSM-AM

text: Vince Gill

text: Al Anderson

text: Valentine's Day

text: Hell or High Water

text: Waylon Jennings

text: Amanda

text: Grand Ole Opry

text: NPR

text: Drink a Beer

text: Traveller

text: RCA Studio A

text: Dave Cobb

text: Mickey Raphael

text: Morgane Stapleton

text: Traveller

text: 2015 Country Music Association Awards

text: Album of the Year

text: Male Vocalist of the Year

text: Justin Timberlake

text: David Allen Coe

text: Tennessee Whiskey

text: Drink You Away

text: CMT

text: Breakout

text: Grammy Award

text: Album of the Year

text: Best Country Album

text: Best Country Solo Performance

text: Academy of Country Music Award

text: You Are My Sunshine

text: Dave Cobb

text: Jake Owen

text: If He Ain't Gonna Love You

text: American Love

text: Andrew Combs

text: Kacey Musgraves

text: Eric Church

text: Saturday Night Live

text: aired January 16, 2016

text: Adam Driver

text: Parachute

text: Nobody to Blame

text: Either Way

text: Tim James

text: Lee Ann Womack

text: Call Me Crazy

text: RCA Studio A

text: All-American Road Show Tour

text: gold

text: Justin Timberlake

text: Man of the Woods

text: Say Something

text: "Billboard" Hot 100

text: Sturgill Simpson

text: Broken Halos

text: Country Airplay

text: 52nd CMAs

text: I Want Love

text: The Long Night

text: eighth season

text: Game of Thrones

text: outlaw country

text: bluegrass

text: rock and roll

text: blues

text: NPR

text: "Paste" magazine

text: classic rock

text: Southern soul

text: Southern rock

text: roots rock

text: electric guitar

text: soul

text: tenor

text: Los Angeles Times

text: Merle Haggard

text: Lefty Frizzell

text: Ray Charles

text: Stevie Ray Vaughan

text: Otis Redding

text: Freddie King

text: Kentucky

text: Keith Whitley

text: Dwight Yoakam

text: Patty Loveless

text: Morgane Stapleton

text: Carrie Underwood

text: Don't Forget to Remember Me

text: Arista Nashville

text: Reba McEntire

text: 53rd Academy of Country Music Awards

text: Madison Square Garden

text: Country Music Association

text: HBO

text: Game of Thrones

text: The Long Night

text: Grammy Award

text: Academy of Country Music Awards

text: Country Music Association Awards

text: Billboard Music Award

text: iHeartRadio Music Awards

text: ASCAP Country

text: Traveller

text: Not in This Lifetime... Tour

text: List of country rock musicians

text: List of country music performers

text: List of southern rock bands

categories: Guitarists from Kentucky,American bluegrass guitarists,People from Paintsville, Kentucky,People from Johnson County, Kentucky,21st-century American guitarists,1978 births,21st-century American singers,Grammy Award winners,American male singer-songwriters,People from Fayette County, Kentucky,Rock musicians from Kentucky,Mercury Records artists,Songwriters from Kentucky,Living people,American male guitarists,American country singer-songwriters,American record producers,Singers from Kentucky,Country musicians from Kentucky,Chris Stapleton,Bluegrass musicians from Kentucky

paragraph: Chris Stapleton

paragraph: Christopher Alvin Stapleton (born April 15, 1978) is an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and record producer. He was born in Lexington, Kentucky, and grew up in Staffordsville, Kentucky, until moving to Nashville, Tennessee, in 2001 to pursue a career in music writing songs. Subsequently, Stapleton signed a contract with Sea Gayle Music to write and publish his music.

paragraph: , Stapleton has amassed credits writing and co-writing over 170 songs. He has co-written six number-one country songs including Kenny Chesney's five-week number-one "Never Wanted Nothing More", George Strait's "Love's Gonna Make It Alright", and Luke Bryan's "Drink a Beer". His songs have appeared on many artists albums including Adele, Brad Paisley, and Dierks Bentley. He has co-written with several artists as well including Vince Gill, Peter Frampton, and Sheryl Crow. Stapleton has been recognized with several awards including five Grammy Awards, seven Academy of Country Music (ACM) Awards, and ten Country Music Association (CMA) Awards.

paragraph: As a vocalist, Stapleton sang lead in two bands before he started recording as a solo artist including a bluegrass ensemble from 2008 to 2010 called The SteelDrivers. After that, he released his solo debut: the critically acclaimed studio album titled "Traveller" (2015), which reached number one on the US "Billboard" 200 and was certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). His second studio album "" was released in May 2017, and earned him a second CMA Award for Album of the Year and also a Grammy Award for Best Country Album. "" was released in December 2017.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Stapleton was born in a Lexington, Kentucky, hospital. His mother, Carol J. (Mace) Stapleton, worked at the local health department and his father, Herbert Joseph Stapleton, Jr. (1946–2013), was a coal miner. He comes from a family of coal miners. He has an older brother, Herbert Joseph III and younger sister, Melanie Brooke.

paragraph: Stapleton grew up in the small town of Staffordsville, Kentucky, which is located just outside of Paintsville, located between the city and the Paintsville lake. He graduated from Johnson Central High School where he played football and was his class salutatorian. He then attended Vanderbilt University where he studied engineering, but dropped out after a year.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.:Career beginnings and bands.

paragraph: In 1999, Stapleton started a Travis Tritt tribute band in his home town of Staffordsville, Kentucky for a few months before embarking on his journey to become one of the most renowned country singer of this era. Stapleton often claims he listens to Travis Tritt to bring him back to his grass roots.

paragraph: In 2001, Stapleton moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue a music career. As a songwriter, he signed with the publishing house Sea Gayle Music, a deal he got shortly after moving to Nashville.

paragraph: In 2007, he became the frontman for the bluegrass group The Steeldrivers. They had two hit records; each peaked at number 2 on the bluegrass chart before Stapleton left in 2010.

paragraph: In 2010, Stapleton founded a Southern rock band called The Jompson Brothers. The band was made up of Stapleton on vocals, Greg McKee on guitar, J.T. Cure on bass, Bard McNamee on drums. They toured regionally until 2013 and at one point, opened for the Zac Brown Band. The band independently released a self-titled album in November 2010.

paragraph: In 2013, Stapleton signed to Mercury Nashville, a division of Universal Music Group Nashville, as a solo artist. His first single, "What Are You Listening To?", was released in October 2013, but did not perform as expected. The single was part of a record that was recorded but never released. Stapleton also cowrote the theme—"All-Nighter Comin'"—to the WSM-AM show, "The WSM All Nighter with Marcia Campbell", an American radio show with a large trucker following. He cowrote the song with Vince Gill and Al Anderson, with Gill featured on vocals on the track. Songs written by Stapleton have been included on to the soundtracks of several feature films, including "Valentine's Day", "". and "Hell or High Water".

paragraph: In 2013, Stapleton and his wife Morgane sang the Waylon Jennings song, "Amanda", live at the Grand Ole Opry. They also did an NPR Tiny Desk Concert in November 2015.

paragraph: At the 2014 CMT Artist of the Year event, Stapleton performed with Lady Antebellum, who played Stapleton's song, "Drink a Beer", which Luke Bryan had recorded, in honor of Bryan, who was unable to attend the ceremony due to a death in his family. Stapleton had previously sung it during Bryan's 2013 CMA Awards performance of the same song.

paragraph: Section::::Music career.:Solo studio albums.

paragraph: His debut solo album, "Traveller", was released on May 5, 2015. Recorded in Nashville's RCA Studio A, Stapleton co-produced the album with producer Dave Cobb. On the album he plays guitar and sings with a live band that is made up of bass player J.T. Cure (from The Jompson Brothers), pedal steel player Robby Turner, drummer Derek Mixon, Mickey Raphael on harmonica, and wife Morgane Stapleton singing harmonies. Stapleton emphasized the importance of the band lineup that came together during the making and promotion of the record, saying the familiarity he had with Cure and Mixon (he has known and played with Cure for over 20 years), plus Cobb's producing which included contributing acoustic guitar in the recording process, added to the richness of making the record.

paragraph: Stapleton said that the album was inspired by a cross-country road trip he took after his father died in 2013. He said he wrote the title track "Traveller" while on a road trip with his wife, driving down Interstate 40 from Phoenix, Arizona, to Nashville via New Mexico. His wife helped him to sift through 15 years worth of songs to pick 9 songs to start recording with.

paragraph: Stapleton won three awards at the 2015 Country Music Association Awards: Album of the Year, Male Vocalist of the Year, and New Artist of the Year. At the CMA Awards, Stapleton performed with Justin Timberlake his version of the song popularized as a David Allen Coe live-show staple, "Tennessee Whiskey" and Timberlake's "Drink You Away". Considered a career-defining moment by music publications, the performance along with his wins that night lifted him to national prominence. In December 2015, Stapleton received the 2015 CMT Artists of the Year Breakout award during a live performance at the annual CMT Artists of the Year show. "Traveller" was nominated for the Grammy Award for Album of the Year and won the categories Best Country Album and Best Country Solo Performance. It also won the Academy of Country Music Award for Album of the Year. The top selling country album of 2016, it has sold a total of 2 million copies domestically .

paragraph: In 2016, Stapleton – along with his wife Morgane – contributed the track, "You Are My Sunshine", to producer Dave Cobb's compilation record project, "Southern Family". He collaborated with Jake Owen on the song "If He Ain't Gonna Love You" on Owen's album "American Love". Stapleton performed on the main stage at the 2016 in Europe along with Andrew Combs, Kacey Musgraves and headliner Eric Church. Stapleton was the musical guest on the "Saturday Night Live" episode which aired January 16, 2016, alongside host Adam Driver. He performed "Parachute" and "Nobody to Blame" from "Traveller".

paragraph: In January 2016, Stapleton performed "Either Way", a song he wrote with Kendall Marvel and Tim James, at the Country Radio Hall of Fame's Country Radio Seminar in Nashville. It was previously recorded by Lee Ann Womack for her 2008 album, "Call Me Crazy". The track would be featured on his second studio album "". Released on May 5, 2017, "Volume 1" takes its name from Nashville's RCA Studio A, where it was recorded during the winter of 2016–17. The same month he embarked on his All-American Road Show Tour. "Volume 1" was certified gold in the US the next month, eventually giving Stapleton his second CMA for Album of the Year, and became the best-selling country album of the year. His third studio album "" was released on December 1, 2017. Both albums "Volume 1" and "Volume 2" debuted at number two on the "Billboard" 200 charts.

paragraph: Stapleton co-wrote three songs for Justin Timberlake's studio album "Man of the Woods" (2018), including their collaboration "Say Something", which officially reached the top ten list on the US "Billboard" Hot 100 chart. Stapleton was the musical guest on "Saturday Night Live" for a second time on January 27, 2018, where he performed songs from "From a Room: Volume 2" with Sturgill Simpson. In March, "Broken Halos" off "From A Room: Volume 1" reached the top of the Country Airplay chart. It earned him the accolades for Song and Single of the Year at the 52nd CMAs, while he won Male Vocalist of the Year for a fourth time. Stapleton recorded a cover of "I Want Love" for "Restoration: Reimagining the Songs of Elton John and Bernie Taupin".

paragraph: Stapleton appeared as an extra in "The Long Night", the third episode of the eighth season of "Game of Thrones".

paragraph: Section::::Artistry.

paragraph: Stapleton's musical influences range from outlaw country and bluegrass to rock and roll and blues. Editors from NPR and "Paste" magazine described his sound as a blend of country, classic rock and Southern soul. Before going solo, Stapleton led the progressive bluegrass band The SteelDrivers and the rock and roll band The Jompson Brothers. His first solo album "Traveller" is an old-school country, Southern rock and bluegrass record, and his second "From A Room: Volume 1" focuses on country, blues and roots rock. He played the acoustic guitar and electric guitar for both albums.

paragraph: Stapleton is a soul singer with a tenor vocal range. After attending one of his concerts in 2015, "Los Angeles Times" writer Randy Lewis opined his singing recalls "the note-bending style of country that traces to Merle Haggard and Lefty Frizzell and the gut-wrenching expressionism of blues and R&B perfected by Ray Charles", while his guitar performances elicits "memories of Texas blues rocker Stevie Ray Vaughan." Stapleton has cited Charles, Otis Redding and Freddie King as some of his music influences, along with Kentucky-based country artists, Keith Whitley, Dwight Yoakam and Patty Loveless: "the list goes on and on. Those names are just part of life in Kentucky. You can't help but be aware of them and be influenced by them."

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Stapleton is married to singer-songwriter Morgane Stapleton, who co-wrote Carrie Underwood's 2006 single "Don't Forget to Remember Me". She had a recording deal with Arista Nashville. The couple met when they were working at adjacent publishing houses. They have four children and live in Nashville. In October 2017, the couple announced they were expecting twins. On April 15, 2018, (Stapleton's 40th birthday), host Reba McEntire announced live on the 53rd Academy of Country Music Awards that twin boys Macon and Samuel had been born to the Stapletons. At his concert at Madison Square Garden on November 2, 2018, Stapleton announced that he and his wife were expecting their fifth child; he repeated the announcement at the Country Music Association awards on November 18, 2018. On April 28, 2019 he appeared as an extra in the HBO series "Game of Thrones" episode "The Long Night" as a wight.

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: Stapleton has received numerous awards and nominations. He is the recipient of five Grammy Awards, seven Academy of Country Music Awards, ten Country Music Association Awards, five Billboard Music Awards, two iHeartRadio Music Awards, among others. For his work as composer he has received nine ASCAP Country awards, including the Vanguard Award.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Traveller" (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (2017)

paragraph: Section::::Tours.

paragraph: Section::::Tours.:Main act.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hank Williams Jr. and Chris Stapleton Live in Concert (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chris Stapleton's All-American Road Show Tour (2017–2018)

paragraph: Section::::Tours.:Opening act.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Outsiders Tour (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Ashes and Dust World Tour (2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Not in This Lifetime... Tour (2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tom Petty and The Heartbreakers' 40th Anniversary Tour (2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- An Evening With the Eagles (2018)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. country chart

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of country rock musicians

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of country music performers

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of number-one artists on the Billboard Artist 100

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of southern rock bands

alias:
Christopher Alvin Stapleton
Christopher Stapleton

description: American country music singer-songwriter

wikidata_label: Chris Stapleton

wikipedia_title: Chris Stapleton


text:
Porto
Colares (Sintra)
composer
opera
Amor de Perdição
Orfeon Académico de Coimbra

categories: 19th-century classical composers,1861 births,Portuguese classical composers,Portuguese male classical composers,19th-century Portuguese people,Portuguese opera composers,People from Porto,1930 deaths,19th-century male musicians,Male opera composers

paragraph: João Arroio

paragraph: João Marcelino Arroio (or Arroyo; 4 October 1861, Porto — 18 May 1930, Colares (Sintra)) was a Portuguese composer. He is best known for his opera "Amor de Perdição". He notably founded the Orfeon Académico de Coimbra in 1880.

description: Portuguese composer

wikidata_label: João Arroyo

wikipedia_title: João Arroio


text:
American
silent film
Roscoe Arbuckle
Brooklyn
New York
Mack Sennett
Oh Doctor!
The Cook
Buster Keaton
Bert Lytell
talkies
Robert Williams
vaudeville
Marion Harris
heart attack
Hollywood
California
Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery
North Hollywood
Hollywood Walk of Fame
Vine Street
Los Angeles Times
Alice Lake

categories: 20th-century American actresses,1895 births,Western (genre) film actresses,American film actresses,People from Brooklyn,American silent film actresses,Actresses from New York (state),Burials at Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery,1967 deaths

paragraph: Alice Lake

paragraph: Alice Lake (September 12, 1895 – November 15, 1967) was an American film actress. She began her career during the silent film era and often appeared in comedy shorts opposite Roscoe Arbuckle.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Born in Brooklyn, New York, Lake began her career as a dancer. She made her screen debut in 1912, and she appeared in a number of comedy shorts by Mack Sennett. Lake was often the leading lady of Roscoe Arbuckle in comedies like "Oh Doctor!" (1917) and "The Cook" (1918). Arbuckle directed both films and was joined by Buster Keaton who had a leading role in "Oh Doctor!".

paragraph: Lake also played dramatic roles with Bert Lytell in "Blackie's Redemption" and "The Lion's Den", both from 1919. During the 1920s she appeared in a number of Metro silent film features as the lead actress. At the height of her career she earned $1,200 per week as a motion picture actress. Lake had only limited success in dramatic roles. Following the introduction of talkies, her parts in films began to wane and she only performed in supporting roles. Her last appearance in film was in 1935 with a bit part in "Frisco Kid". In all her screen credits numbered ninety-six.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: In March 1924, Lake married fellow actor Robert Williams, but they were divorced in 1925. The couple separated and reunited three times before they made a permanent break. Williams was a vaudeville performer who had appeared in a number of stage plays. He was previously married to singer Marion Harris.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Lake died of a heart attack at Paradise Sanitarium in Hollywood, California. She was 71. She is buried at Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery in North Hollywood.

paragraph: For her contribution to the motion picture industry, Alice Lake has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 1620 Vine Street.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Los Angeles Times", "Another Romance Of Films On Rocks", March 16, 1925, Page 20.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Los Angeles Times", "Ex-Actress Alice Lake Dies at 71", November 17, 1967, Page 29.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alice Lake at Virtual History

description: actress

wikidata_label: Alice Lake

wikipedia_title: Alice Lake


text:
KG
Scottish
'Black' earls of Douglas
James the Gross
Henry II Sinclair, Earl of Orkney
Archibald Douglas, Earl of Moray
William Douglas, 8th Earl of Douglas
James II
Stirling
papal dispensation
Margaret Douglas, Fair Maid of Galloway
Red Douglases
George Douglas, 4th Earl of Angus
first earl of Douglas
Hugh Douglas, Earl of Ormonde
Archibald Douglas, Earl of Moray
John Douglas, Lord of Balvenie
Battle of Arkinholm
Langholm
Esk
Threave Castle
Galloway
attainted
James III of Scotland
Edward IV
league at Ardtornish
Knight of the Garter
John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter
battle of Lochmaben Fair
Lindores Abbey
peerage website

categories: Knights of the Garter,Earls of Douglas,1426 births,1488 deaths,House of Douglas and Angus

paragraph: James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas

paragraph: James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas, 3rd Earl of Avondale KG (1426–1488) was a Scottish nobleman, last of the 'Black' earls of Douglas.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: The son of James the Gross, 7th Earl of Douglas, by his wife Lady Beatrice Sinclair, daughter to Henry II Sinclair, Earl of Orkney; Douglas was a twin, the older by a few minutes, the younger being Archibald Douglas, Earl of Moray.

paragraph: He succeeded to the earldom on the murder of his brother William Douglas, 8th Earl of Douglas by King James II and his entourage. He denounced his brother's murderers and took up arms against the king, and he and his brothers attacked Stirling, driving a horse through the town with the safe conduct given to William attached to its tail. He was forced to back down when some allies deserted him.

paragraph: He obtained a papal dispensation to marry his brother's widow, Margaret Douglas, Fair Maid of Galloway, in order to keep the family estates together. (It is not entirely clear that this marriage ever took place, but it was certainly planned.) He was involved in intrigues with the English court, and in 1455 rebelled against James II once more.

paragraph: Meanwhile, another branch of the Douglas family, known as the Red Douglases, had risen into importance, and George Douglas, 4th Earl of Angus, great-grandson of the first earl of Douglas, took sides with the king against the Earl of Douglas. Douglas, again deserted by his chief allies, fled to England, and his three younger brothers, Hugh Douglas, Earl of Ormonde, Archibald Douglas, Earl of Moray, and John Douglas, Lord of Balvenie, were defeated at the Battle of Arkinholm, near Langholm on the Esk, possibly by Angus. Moray was killed, Ormonde taken prisoner and executed, and Balvenie escaped to England. Their last stronghold, Threave Castle in Galloway, fell. James Douglas was attainted in 1455, and his lands and estates were forfeit to the crown. The lands of the Douglases were divided among their rivals, the lordship of Douglas falling to the Red Douglas 4th earl of Angus.

paragraph: From England, the Earl of Douglas continued to intrigue against James III of Scotland; he was employed by Edward IV in 1461 to negotiate a league at Ardtornish with the western highlanders to take the nine-year old's kingdom for England.

paragraph: At some point he was made a Knight of the Garter. Following his attainder his first wife divorced him (if they ever married) so he married again to Anne Holland, daughter of John Holland, 2nd Duke of Exeter.

paragraph: In 1484 he was taken prisoner at the battle of Lochmaben Fair, and was relegated to Lindores Abbey, where he died in 1488.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Section::::References.:Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- peerage website

description: Scottish noble

wikidata_label: James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas

wikipedia_title: James Douglas, 9th Earl of Douglas


text:
Old English
Sutton Walls
Herefordshire
saint
king
East Anglia
Anglo-Saxon
Norfolk
Suffolk
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
Offa of Mercia
canonised
cults
Hereford
chroniclers
Richard of Cirencester
Æthelred I of East Anglia
Mercia
Eadburh
Offa of Mercia
saint's life
charters
Tivoli
Rome
Romulus
Remus
Coenwulf of Mercia
Lindisfarne
Vikings
Jarrow
Wuffingas
Roman she-wolf
Offa of Mercia
royal vill
Sutton Walls
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle
beheaded
Ælfthyth
Cynethryth
John Brompton
Crowland
monasteries
Church
pilgrimage
Rome
Sutton Hoo
Mercia
Eastbourne
canonised
episcopal
Hoxne
religious cult
Marden
Hereford Cathedral
Littledean
Hereford Cathedral
Breviary
East Anglia
Norwich Cathedral
Ipswich
Church of England parish church
Luckington
Alby
East Wretham
Larling
Thurton
Mundham
Burnham Sutton
Falkenham
Hessett
Herringswell
Tannington
Essex
Belchamp Otten
Stanway
parish church of St George
East Ham

categories: East Anglian saints,8th-century Christian martyrs,East Anglian monarchs,Burials at Hereford Cathedral,8th-century English monarchs,Christian royal saints,8th-century Christian saints,794 deaths

paragraph: Æthelberht II of East Anglia

paragraph: Æthelberht (Old English: "Æðelbrihte", "ÆÞelberhte"), also called Saint Ethelbert the King (died 20 May 794 at Sutton Walls, Herefordshire), was an eighth-century saint and a king of East Anglia, the Anglo-Saxon kingdom which today includes the English counties of Norfolk and Suffolk. Little is known of his reign, which may have begun in 779, according to later sources, and very few of the coins issued during his reign have been discovered. It is known from the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle" that he was killed on the orders of Offa of Mercia in 794.

paragraph: He was subsequently locally canonised and became the focus of cults in East Anglia and at Hereford, where the shrine of the saintly king once existed. In the absence of historical facts, mediaeval chroniclers provided their own details for Æthelberht's ancestry, life as king and death at the hands of Offa. His feast day is 20 May. Several Norfolk, Suffolk and West Country parish churches are dedicated to the saint.

paragraph: Section::::Life and reign.

paragraph: Little is known of Æthelberht's life or reign, as very few East Anglian records have survived from this period. Mediaeval chroniclers have provided dubious accounts of his life, in the absence of any real details. According to Richard of Cirencester, writing in the fifteenth century, Æthelberht's parents were Æthelred I of East Anglia and Leofrana of Mercia. Richard narrates in detail a story of Æthelberht's piety, election as king and wise rule. Urged to marry against his will, he apparently agreed to wed Eadburh, the daughter of Offa of Mercia, and set out to visit her, despite his mother's forebodings and his experiences of terrifying events (an earthquake, a solar eclipse and a vision).

paragraph: Æthelberht's reign may have begun in 779, the date provided for the beginning of his reign on the uncertain authority of a much later saint's life. The absence of any East Anglian charters prevents it from being known whether he ruled as a king or a sub-king under the power of the ruler of another kingdom.

paragraph: Æthelberht was stopped by Offa of Mercia from minting his own coins, of which only four examples have ever been found. One of these coins, a 'light' penny, said to have been found in 1908 at Tivoli, near Rome, is similar in type to the coinage of Offa. On one side is the word "REX", with an image of Romulus and Remus suckling a wolf: the obverse names both the king and his moneyer, Lul, who struck coins for both Offa and Coenwulf of Mercia. Andy Hutcheson has suggested that the use of runes on the coin may signify "continuing strong control by local leaders". According to Marion Archibald, the issuing of "flattering" coins of this type, with the intention to win friends in Rome, probably indicated to Offa that as a sub-king, Æthelberht was assuming "a greater degree of independence than he was prepared to tolerate".

paragraph: In 793 the vulnerability of the English east coast was exposed when the monastery at Lindisfarne was looted by Vikings and a year later Jarrow was also attacked, events which Steven Plunkett reasons would ensure that the East Anglians were governed firmly. Æthelberht's claim to be a king descended from the Wuffingas dynasty (suggested by the use of a Roman she-wolf and the title "REX" on his coins) could be because of a need for strong kingship as a result of the Viking attacks.

paragraph: Section::::Death and canonisation.

paragraph: Æthelberht was put to death by Offa of Mercia under unclear circumstances; the site of his murder was apparently the royal vill at Sutton Walls. According to the "Anglo-Saxon Chronicle", he was beheaded. Mediaeval sources tell how he was taken captive while visiting his future Mercian bride Ælfthyth and was then murdered and buried. In Richard of Cirencester's account of the murder, which cannot be substantiated, Offa's evil queen Cynethryth poisoned her husband's mind until he agreed to have his guest killed. Æthelberht was then bound and beheaded by a certain Grimbert and his body was unceremoniously disposed of. The mediaeval historian John Brompton's "Chronicon" describes how the king's detached head fell off a cart into a ditch where it was found, before it restored a blind man's sight. According to the "Chronicon", Ælfthyth subsequently became a recluse at Crowland and her remorseful father founded monasteries, gave land to the Church and travelled on a pilgrimage to Rome.

paragraph: The execution of an Anglo-Saxon king on the orders of another ruler was very rare, although public hanging and beheading did occur at this time, as has been discovered at the Sutton Hoo site. Æthelberht's death at the hands of the Mercians made the possibility of any peaceful union between the Anglian peoples (including Mercia) less likely than before. It led to Mercia's domination of East Anglia, whose kings ruled over the kingdom for over three decades after Æthelberht's death.

paragraph: In 2014, metal-detectorist Darrin Simpson of Eastbourne found a coin minted during the reign of Æthelbert, in a Sussex field. It is believed that the coin may have led to Æthelbert's beheading by Offa, as it had been struck as a sign of independence. Describing the coin, Christopher Webb, head of coins at auctioneers Dix Noonan Webb, said, "This new discovery is an important and unexpected addition to the numismatic history of 8th Century England." It sold at auction on 11 June 2014 for £78,000 (estimate £15,000 to £20,000).

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.:Veneration.

paragraph: After his death, Æthelberht was locally canonised by the Church. (Local canonisation took place before official papal canonisation had been established. The individual was 'locally venerated') He became the subject of a series of "vitae" that date from the eleventh century and he was venerated in religious cults in both East Anglia and at Hereford. The Anglo-Saxon church of the episcopal estate at Hoxne was one of several dedicated to Æthelberht in Suffolk, a possible indication of the existence of a religious cult devoted to the saintly king. Only three dedications for Æthelberht are near where he died – Marden, Hereford Cathedral and Littledean – the other eleven being in Norfolk or Suffolk. Lawrence Butler has argued that this unusual pattern may be explained by the existence of a royal cult in East Anglia, which represented a "revival of Christianity after the Danish settlement by commemorating a politically 'safe' and corporeally distant local ruler".

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.:Christian buildings dedicated to Æthelberht.

paragraph: The Blessed Virgin Mary and St. Ethelbert are joint patrons of Hereford Cathedral, where the music for the "Office of St Ethelbert" survives in the thirteenth-century "Hereford Breviary".

paragraph: In East Anglia, St. Ethelbert's Gate is one of the two main entrances to the precinct of Norwich Cathedral. The chapel at "Albrightestone", at a location near an important excavated Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Boss Hall in Ipswich, was dedicated to Æthelberht. In Wiltshire, the Church of England parish church at Luckington is dedicated to St Mary and St Ethelbert. In Norfolk, the Church of England parish churches at Alby, East Wretham, Larling, Thurton, Mundham and Burnham Sutton (where there are remains of the ruined church) and the Suffolk churches at Falkenham, Hessett, Herringswell and Tannington are all dedicated to the saint. In neighbouring Essex, the parish church at Belchamp Otten is dedicated to St Ethelbert and All Saints, and the church at Stanway, originally an Anglo-Saxon chapel, is dedicated to St Albright, which is believed to be the same saint. In 1937, St Ethelbert's name was added to the parish church of St George in East Ham, London, at the behest of Hereford Cathedral which had funded the rebuilding of the church, previously a temporary wooden structure.

alias:
Saint Æthelberht
Saint Aethelberht
Saint Aethelbert
Saint Ethelbert
St. Aethelbert of East Anglia
Aethelberht II of East Anglia
AEthelberht II of East Anglia
Saint AEthelberht
St. Æthelberht
St Æthelberht
Saint Ethelbert the King

description: Saint and king of East Anglia

wikidata_label: Æthelberht II

wikipedia_title: Æthelberht II of East Anglia


text: Reading, Pennsylvania

text: vaudeville

text: Eddie Lang

text: Ikey Robinson

text: Harry Reser

text: Johnny Marvin

text: Sol Hoʻopiʻi

text: lap steel guitar

text: slide guitar

text: C.F. Martin & Company

text: short film

text: DeForest

text: Phonofilm

text: sound-on-film

text: New York City

text: Warner Brothers

text: Don Juan

text: John Barrymore

text: Vitaphone

text: sound-on-disc

text: Russ Columbo

text: Franklin D. Roosevelt

text: George VI's

text: coronation

text: Ed Sullivan

text: Steve Allen

text: Jack Paar

text: Marjorie Lynn

text: National Barn Dance

text: Harmony Company

text: Edison Records

text: Victor Talking Machine Company

text: Columbia Records

text: Decca Records

text: Crown Records

text: RCA Records

text: The Wizard of the Strings

text: Best Documentary

text: Student Academy Awards

text: Banjo Hall of Fame Members

text: Discography

text: Spaceage Pop

categories: RCA Victor artists,American banjoists,Musicians from Reading, Pennsylvania,20th-century American guitarists,Burials at Green-Wood Cemetery,X Records artists,American ukulele players,1900 births,Decca Records artists,Okeh Records artists,1994 deaths,Vocalion Records artists,Guitarists from Pennsylvania,American jazz guitarists

paragraph: Roy Smeck

paragraph: Leroy Smeck (6 February 1900 – 5 April 1994) was an American musician. His skill on the banjo, guitar, and ukulele earned him the nickname "The Wizard of the Strings".

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: Born in Reading, Pennsylvania, Smeck started on the vaudeville circuit. His style was influenced by Eddie Lang, Ikey Robinson, banjoist Harry Reser, Johnny Marvin and steel guitarist Sol Hoʻopiʻi. Smeck could not sing well, so he developed novelty dances and trick playing to supplement his act.

paragraph: Section::::Vaudeville.

paragraph: Smeck was one of only two vaudeville artists to play the octachord, an 8-string lap steel guitar. He was introduced to the instrument by Sam Moore when he played on the bill with Moore and Davis in 1923. His 1928 recording of Sam Moore's "Laughing Rag" played on the octachord is considered a classic of slide guitar.

paragraph: Like so many of the performers during the era, he was a big fan of the instruments created by the C.F. Martin & Company and used a variety of their instruments. Smeck was unsuccessful in obtaining an endorsement deal with Martin, who limited their support to a twenty percent discount for all performers. As a result, he endorsed the Harmony and Gibson guitars and Harmony ukuleles. Smeck was also known for his work on the Harmony company's Vita-Uke along with a number of other versions sold with his signature across the headstock.

paragraph: Smeck was not a vocalist; to compensate he developed a large number of novelty items for his act. In addition to playing the ukulele with his teeth, he would play it behind his back or even use a violin bow.

paragraph: Section::::Radio.

paragraph: Smeck was an early radio performer, putting together acts for appearances across the country. Almost all of them had his name in the band title, including The Roy Smeck Trio, The Roy Smeck Quartet, Roy Smeck and his Vita Trio, Roy Smeck's Novelty Orchestra and Roy Smeck and His Music Men.

paragraph: Section::::Notable appearances.

paragraph: On 15 April 1923, "Stringed Harmony", a short film starring Smeck made in the DeForest Phonofilm sound-on-film process, premiered at the Rivoli Theater in New York City.

paragraph: On 6 August 1926, Warner Brothers released "Don Juan" starring John Barrymore, the first feature released in the Vitaphone sound-on-disc system. On the program was a short film, "His Pastimes", made in Vitaphone and starring Smeck, which made him an instant celebrity.

paragraph: Smeck appeared in the film "Club House Party" (1932) with singing star Russ Columbo. He also appeared with Columbo in "That Goes Double" (1933), which featured Smeck on a screen divided into four parts, simultaneously playing steel guitar, tenor banjo, ukulele, and six-string guitar.

paragraph: Smeck played at Franklin D. Roosevelt's presidential inaugural ball in 1933, George VI's coronation review in 1937, and toured globally. He appeared on television on variety shows hosted by Ed Sullivan, Steve Allen, and Jack Paar. From 1943 to 1945, he headlined a USO show that toured veteran hospitals in the United States in a show that featured the Meri-Maids, starring Marjorie Lynn, a Chicago native, of National Barn Dance fame.

paragraph: Section::::Inventor and instructor.

paragraph: Smeck designed and endorsed the Vita-Uke and other stringed instruments marketed by the Harmony Company of Chicago. He made over 500 recordings for various companies, including Edison Records, Victor Talking Machine Company, Columbia Records, Decca Records, Crown Records, RCA Records and others. He also wrote instruction/method books and arrangements for the instruments he played.

paragraph: Section::::Later life and recognition.

paragraph: A documentary by Alan Edelstein and Peter Friedman, "The Wizard of the Strings" (1985), was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary and won an award at the Student Academy Awards.

paragraph: Smeck died in New York City at age 94.

paragraph: In 1998, he was inducted into the Ukulele Hall of Fame. His citation read, in part, "The 'Wizard of the Strings' captured the hearts and minds of audiences for more than six decades." He was posthumously inducted into the National Four-String Banjo Hall of Fame in 2001.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Banjo Hall of Fame Members

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Discography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Spaceage Pop

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography and personal memories of Roy Smeck

description: American virtuoso guitarist, banjoist and ukulele player

wikidata_label: Roy Smeck

wikipedia_title: Roy Smeck