text:
Hungarian
modernist
architect
Tennessee Valley Authority
United States
Royal Joseph Technical University
Budapest
Austria
Norris
Norris Dam
Fontana Dam
Chickamauga Dam
Hiwassee Dam
Albert Kahn
Fellheimer & Wagner
Cincinnati Union Terminal

categories: Hungarian architects,1970 deaths,1898 births

paragraph: Roland A. Wank

paragraph: Roland A. Wank (1898–1970) was a Hungarian modernist architect, best known for his work for the Tennessee Valley Authority in the United States.

paragraph: Wank was educated at the Royal Joseph Technical University in Budapest. He worked as an architect in Austria until 1924 when he emigrated to the United States.

paragraph: Wank was recruited by the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) in 1933 as that organization's first chief architect. His first work for them was to design Norris, a settlement for TVA workers. He went on to redesign the Norris Dam itself, taking the existing engineering proposal and simplifying its overall appearance, removing ornament, and pulling the structural masses into a more coherent and dramatic spatial composition. Wank also opened the powerhouse to public view, with a reception room staffed with information officers. Although the original engineers were not pleased, the TVA Board was, and Wank went on to give a distinctively modern look to subsequent TVA projects like the Fontana Dam, the Chickamauga Dam, and the Hiwassee Dam.

paragraph: At the Fontana Dam, Wank collaborated with well-known industrial architect Albert Kahn on the design of "A-6" prefabricated house types in the workers' town of Fontana, North Carolina, meant to house 5000 workers. Fontana Village is now a resort. Wank also went on to collaborate with Fellheimer & Wagner as the design architects for the Cincinnati Union Terminal building, many corporate buildings in New York and New Jersey, structures for the New Jersey Turnpike and a branch department store (1951) in Montclair, New Jersey for Newark-based Hahne & Company.

alias:
Robert A. Wank
Roland Anthony Wank
Roland A. Wank

description: Hungarian architect

wikidata_label: Roland Wank

wikipedia_title: Roland A. Wank


text: bishop of Winchester

text: John of England

text: Henry III

text: Touraine

text: Richard I

text: Lord Chamberlain

text: Archdeacon

text: Poitiers

text: precentor

text: diocese of Lincoln

text: Pope Innocent III

text: bishop

text: interdict

text: Stephen Langton

text: Archbishop of Canterbury

text: Chief Justiciar

text: Geoffrey Fitz Peter

text: First Barons' War

text: Hubert de Burgh

text: Sheriff of Hampshire

text: battle of Lincoln

text: William Marshal

text: Hubert de Burgh

text: monasteries

text: Titchfield Abbey

text: Netley Abbey

text: Hampshire

text: La Clarté-Dieu

text: Poitou

text: Dominican

text: Eleanor of Brittany

text: Bristol Castle

text: Sixth Crusade

text: William Briwere

text: Bishop of Exeter

text: Frederick II

text: Holy Roman Emperor

text: Gregory IX

text: Treaty of Jaffa

text: Lanercost Chronicle

text: King Arthur

categories: Justiciars of England,13th-century Roman Catholic bishops,Bishops of Winchester,High Sheriffs of Hampshire,English people of French descent,Christians of the Sixth Crusade,1238 deaths

paragraph: Peter des Roches

paragraph: Peter des Roches (died 9 June 1238) was bishop of Winchester in the reigns of King John of England and his son Henry III. He was not an Englishman, but rather a native of the Touraine, in north-central France.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Towards the end of Richard I's reign, Peter became Lord Chamberlain and an influential counsellor. He held the ecclesiastical offices of Archdeacon of Poitiers, treasurer of Poitiers, and was a precentor of the diocese of Lincoln in 1204.

paragraph: In early 1205, through John's influence, Peter was elected to the see of Winchester. His election was disputed but, on appeal, confirmed on 25 September 1205 by Pope Innocent III. Peter was consecrated on 24 March 1206. Nonetheless, the new bishop stood by John's side during the whole period of the papal interdict set upon him due to John's refusal to accept Stephen Langton as Archbishop of Canterbury despite Papal warning.

paragraph: In 1213 Peter was made Chief Justiciar in succession to Geoffrey Fitz Peter. This promotion was justified by the fidelity with which Peter supported the king through the First Barons' War. However, by 1215, Hubert de Burgh was Chief Justiciar. In 1216, Peter was named Sheriff of Hampshire.

paragraph: At the battle of Lincoln in 1217 Peter led a division of the royal army and earned some distinction by his valour; but he played a secondary part in the government so long as William Marshal held the regency. After Marshal's death in 1219 Peter led the baronial opposition to Hubert de Burgh, with varying success. At first the justiciar was successful.

paragraph: Peter was responsible for founding several monasteries in England and France, including Titchfield Abbey and Netley Abbey, both in Hampshire, England, and La Clarté-Dieu in Poitou, France. He gave his protection to the first group of Dominican friars to come to England in 1221.

paragraph: In 1225 a plot to ship Eleanor of Brittany, who as cousin to Henry III always posed a potential threat to the crown and was thus viewed as a state prisoner and then confined at Bristol Castle, away to France, was reported. The plot might have been false and only fabricated to discredit Peter, and he eventually fell out of royal favor in spring 1234.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Crusading bishop.

paragraph: Peter participated in the Sixth Crusade alongside William Briwere, who was Bishop of Exeter. An army of other crusaders accompanied them to the East, although whether they were English or mercenaries recruited on the Continent is unclear. The contingent left from Brindisi in August 1227. Both bishops were influential advisors to Frederick II the Holy Roman Emperor even though Pope Gregory IX had ordered that no one collaborate with Frederick, who was at the time excommunicate. Both bishops ignored the papal orders and worked closely with Frederick's agents and Frederick himself. The financial resources both bishops brought were especially appreciated by the crusaders. Both bishops witnessed the treaty on 18 February 1229 with the Sultan of Cairo that restored Jerusalem to the Christians, the Treaty of Jaffa. After the crusade, he spent time in Italy.

paragraph: Peter died on 9 June 1238.

paragraph: Section::::Legends.

paragraph: The Lanercost Chronicle relates that Peter, out hunting one day, encountered King Arthur, dined with him, and asked for a token of their meeting. Arthur told him to close his hand, then open it, whereupon a butterfly flew out. For the rest of his life Roches was able to repeat this miracle, so that he became known as the Butterfly Bishop.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- British History Online Bishops of Winchester accessed on 2 November 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- British History Online Precentors of Lincoln accessed on 2 November 2007

description: Bishop of Winchester; Chief Justiciar of England

wikidata_label: Peter des Roches

wikipedia_title: Peter des Roches


text: heiress

text: socialite

text: shareholder

text: L'Oréal

text: richest woman

text: Eugène Schueller

text: governess

text: André Bettencourt

text: French government

text: La Cagoule

text: fascist

text: Nazi

text: Art Moderne

text: Neuilly-sur-Seine

text: Françoise

text: shareholder

text: went public

text: Nestlé

text: François-Marie Banier

text: Nicolas Sarkozy

text: D'Arros Island

text: Seychelles

text: Neuilly-sur-Seine

text: Neuilly-sur-Seine, France

text: Musée Marmottan Monet

text: Black Planet Award

text: Peter Brabeck-Letmathe

text: François-Marie Banier

text: Picasso

text: Matisse

text: Mondrian

text: Delaunay

text: Léger

text: Man Ray

text: Françoise Bettencourt Meyers

text: Nanterre

text: Alzheimer's disease

text: ward

text: guardianship

text: Bernard Madoff

text: Ponzi scheme

text: Access International Advisors

text: René-Thierry Magon de la Villehuchet

text: Bettencourt affair

text: Éric Woerth

text: Mediapart

text: Union for a Popular Movement (UMP)

text: Nicolas Sarkozy

text: list of the world's wealthiest persons

text: female billionaire

text: richest person in France

text: Official website of L'Oréal

text: Forbes article on L'Oréal

categories: 21st-century French businesspeople,L'Oréal people,Female billionaires,French cosmetics businesspeople,1922 births,French Roman Catholics,French philanthropists,20th-century French businesspeople,2017 deaths,20th-century businesswomen,French women in business,Businesspeople from Paris,French billionaires,French socialites

paragraph: Liliane Bettencourt

paragraph: Liliane Henriette Charlotte Bettencourt (; née Schueller; 21 October 1922 – 21 September 2017) was a French heiress, socialite and businesswoman. She was one of the principal shareholders of L'Oréal.

paragraph: At the time of her death, she was the richest woman, and the 14th richest person in the world, with a net worth of US$44.3 billion.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: She was born Liliane Henriette Charlotte Schueller on 21 October 1922 in Paris, the only child of Louise Madeleine Berthe ("née" Doncieux) and Eugène Schueller, the founder of L'Oréal, one of the world's largest cosmetics and beauty companies. When Liliane was five years old, her mother died, and she formed a close bond with her father, who later married Liliane's British governess. At the age of 15, she joined her father's company as an apprentice, mixing cosmetics and labelling bottles of shampoo.

paragraph: In 1950, she married French politician André Bettencourt, who served as a cabinet minister in French governments of the 1960s and 1970s and rose to become deputy chairman of L'Oréal. Mr. Bettencourt had been a member of La Cagoule, a violent French fascist pro-Nazi group that Liliane's father, a Nazi sympathizer, had funded and supported in the 1930s and whose members were arrested in 1937. After the war, her husband, like other members of La Cagoule, was given refuge at L'Oréal despite his politically inconvenient past. Eventually, the Bettencourts settled in an Art Moderne mansion built in 1951 on rue de Delabordère in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. They had one daughter, Françoise, who was born in 1953.

paragraph: In 1957, Bettencourt inherited the L'Oréal fortune when her father died, becoming the principal shareholder. In 1963, the company went public, although Bettencourt continued to own a majority stake. In 1974, in fear that the company would be nationalised after the French elections, she exchanged almost half of her stake for a three percent (3%) stake in Nestlé

paragraph: S.A.

paragraph: As of December 2012, Bettencourt owned 185,661,879 (30.5%) of the outstanding shares of L'Oréal, of which 76,441,389 (12.56%) shares are effectively held in trust (for her daughter). The remainder is owned as follows: 178,381,021 (29.78%) shares owned by Nestlé, 229,933,941 (37.76%) shares are publicly held, and the remainder are held as treasury stock or in the company savings plan. The Bettencourt family and Nestlé act in concert pursuant to a shareholders' agreement. Bettencourt ended her Board Director tenure on 13 February 2012 and her grandson, Jean-Victor, was appointed as Board Director. Bettencourt's daughter and her daughter's husband (Jean-Pierre Meyers) are also members of the board of directors.

paragraph: Bettencourt generally shunned media attention and granted few interviews. From 2007, she faced intense media scrutiny and publicity over her relationship with François-Marie Banier, the estrangement with her daughter Françoise and her alleged funding of conservative French politicians, including former French president Nicolas Sarkozy. In August 2012, she sold her private island, D'Arros Island, to a Seychelles-registered conservation business linked to the Swiss Save our Seas Foundation, for £60 million.

paragraph: Bettencourt died on 21 September 2017. The funeral service was held at Église Saint-Pierre in Neuilly-sur-Seine.

paragraph: Section::::Philanthropy.

paragraph: In 1987, Bettencourt, together with her husband and daughter, founded the Bettencourt Schueller Foundation (la Fondation Bettencourt Schueller) to support and develop medical, cultural and humanitarian projects. The Foundation is based in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France. The Foundation, which benefits from assets of €150 million and an annual budget of approx €15 million devotes approximately 55% of its funds to scientific education and research, 33% to humanitarian and social projects and 12% to culture and arts.

paragraph: In 2008, the Foundation helped fund the new Monet wing at the Musée Marmottan Monet. Conversely, in 2007 Bettencourt was jointly "awarded" a Black Planet Award, an award given for destroying the planet, along with Peter Brabeck-Letmathe for proliferating contaminated baby food, monopolising water resources, and tolerating child labour...

paragraph: Section::::"L'affaire Bettencourt".

paragraph: By most accounts Bettencourt met François-Marie Banier, a French writer, artist and celebrity photographer, in 1987 when he was commissioned to photograph her for the French magazine "Egoïste". Over the ensuing years, Banier and Bettencourt became friends and she became his benefactor, bestowing gifts upon him estimated to be worth as much as €1.3 billion. These gifts include, amongst other things, a life insurance policy worth €253 million in 2003, another life insurance policy worth €262 million in 2006, 11 works of art in 2001 valued at €20 million, including paintings by Picasso, Matisse, Mondrian, Delaunay and Léger, a photograph by surrealist Man Ray, and cash. The life insurance policies were allegedly signed over to Banier after Bettencourt was recovering from two hospital stays in 2003 and 2006. In April 2013, Forbes magazine listed Liliane Bettencourt as the world's richest woman in 1999 at a value of $30 billion.

paragraph: In December 2007, just a month after the death of her father, Françoise Bettencourt Meyers lodged a criminal complaint against Banier, accusing him of "abus de faiblesse" (or the exploitation of a physical or psychological weakness for personal gain) over Bettencourt. As a result of her complaint, the Brigade Financière, the financial investigative arm of the French national police, opened an investigation and, after interviewing members of Bettencourt's staff, determined to present the case to a court in Nanterre for trial in September 2009. In December 2009, the court delayed ruling on the case until April 2010 (later extended until July 2010) pending the results of a medical examination of Bettencourt's mental state. However, Bettencourt refused to submit to these examinations.

paragraph: In July 2010, the trial was adjourned again until autumn 2010, at the earliest, after details of tape recordings made by Bettencourt's butler, Pascal Bonnefoy, became public. The tapes, which were turned over to police, consisted of over 21 hours of conversation and were made because the butler had feared that Bettencourt was suffering from Alzheimer's disease and was being duped. The tapes allegedly reveal that Bettencourt had made Banier her "sole heir", excluding the L'Oréal shares which make up the bulk of Bettencourt's estate and which had already been signed over to her daughter and two grandsons.

paragraph: On 6 December 2010, Bettencourt reconciled with her daughter, ending a series of lawsuits. It is reported that Bettencourt and Banier had separated, and he was eventually written out of Bettencourt's will. The spat reignited over the following summer, however, when Bettencourt said her daughter needed to seek psychological help, which renewed their estrangement.

paragraph: Section::::"L'affaire Bettencourt".:Guardianship.

paragraph: On 8 June 2011, it was reported daughter Meyers had filed an application with the court to make Bettencourt a ward of the state for her health and being incapable of the management of her fortune. On 17 October 2011, a French judge ruled that she was to be placed under the guardianship of members of her family on concerns about Bettencourt's declining mental health. Francoise Bettencourt-Meyers, along with Bettencourt's two grandsons, gained control of her wealth and property. One of the grandsons was additionally named as her personal guardian. Liliane Bettencourt's lawyer said he would appeal, and told "Le Monde" newspaper that "Mrs. Bettencourt was ready for 'nuclear war' with her daughter." As of 2014, Francoise Bettencourt-Meyers is guardian of the fortune, while Francoise's son, L’Oréal Board member and member of the Supervisory Board of the Bettencourt family holding company, Tethys, Jean-Victor Meyers oversees her health and personal life after a judge determined he was the only person able to "ward off all conflict between Liliane Bettencourt and Françoise Bettencourt-Meyers."

paragraph: Section::::Madoff victim.

paragraph: Bettencourt was reported to be one of the most high-profile victims of Bernard Madoff's Ponzi scheme, losing €22 million. She was the first investor in a fund managed by Access International Advisors, which was co-founded by René-Thierry Magon de la Villehuchet. De la Villehuchet committed suicide on 22 December 2008 after it became known that his funds had invested a substantial amount of their capital with Madoff.

paragraph: Section::::Political scandal.

paragraph: In June 2010, during the Bettencourt affair, Bettencourt became embroiled in a high-level French political scandal after other details of the tape recordings made by her butler became public. The tapes allegedly picked up conversations between Bettencourt and her financial adviser, Patrice de Maistre, which indicate that Bettencourt may have avoided paying taxes by keeping a substantial amount of cash in undeclared Swiss bank accounts. The tapes also allegedly captured a conversation between Bettencourt and French budget minister Éric Woerth, who was soliciting a job for his wife managing Bettencourt's wealth, while running a high-profile campaign to catch wealthy tax evaders as the budget minister. Moreover, Bettencourt received a €30 million tax rebate while Woerth was budget minister.

paragraph: In July 2010, the scandal widened after Bettencourt's former accountant, Claire Thibout, alleged in an interview with the French investigative website Mediapart, that conservative French politicians were frequently given envelopes stuffed with cash at Bettencourt's mansion in Neuilly-sur-Seine. She alleged that Woerth, while acting as treasurer for the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP), was given an envelope containing €150,000 in cash in March 2007 towards the presidential campaign of Nicolas Sarkozy. She also made, then retracted, a claim that Sarkozy was a frequent visitor to the Bettencourt's home while he was mayor of Neuilly-sur-Seine from 1983 to 2002 and received envelopes containing cash. A few days later, she declared she had been pressured by French police to retract her testimony about Nicolas Sarkozy's illegal cash. Mr Sarkozy and Mr Woerth both deny wrongdoing. Following these allegations, French police raided the home and office of de Maistre, who heads Clymène, the company owned by Bettencourt to manage her wealth. French law limits political donations to €7,500 for political parties and €4,600 for individuals. Contributions above €150 must be paid by cheque with the donor clearly identified.

paragraph: Section::::Forbes' rankings.

paragraph: Forbes ranked Bettencourt in its list of the world's wealthiest persons with an estimated fortune of US$38.8 billion (as of 28 June 2016). As of 2016, she was the top female billionaire in the world, and was also the richest person in France.

paragraph: In 2005, Forbes judged her to be the 39th most powerful woman in the world.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website of L'Oréal

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website of the Bettencourt Schueller Foundation

paragraph: BULLET::::- Forbes article on L'Oréal

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Bettencourt scandal and the Sarkozy government Radio France Internationale

alias:
Liliane de Bettencourt
Liliane Henriette Charlotte Schueller

wikidata_label: Liliane Bettencourt

wikipedia_title: Liliane Bettencourt


text: Top Gun

text: Pitts S-2

text: spin

text: Carlsbad, California

text: Mt. San Antonio College

text: California State University, San Jose

text: San Bernardino

text: San Bernardino Valley College

text: de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk

text: FAA

text: FAA

text: Airline Transport Pilot

text: flight instructor

text: airframe and power plant mechanic

text: Flabob Airport

text: Riverside, California

text: Rialto Municipal Airport

text: Rialto, California

text: Pitts S-2A

text: Bob Hoover

text: World War II

text: The Right Stuff

text: The Great Waldo Pepper

text: Blue Thunder

text: The A-Team

text: CHiPs

text: Iron Eagle

text: Top Gun

text: fixed-base operator

text: Clemson, South Carolina

text: Anderson, South Carolina

categories: American stunt performers,Aviators killed in aviation accidents or incidents in the United States,American aviators,1931 births,Accidental deaths in California,Aerobatic pilots,1985 deaths,1980s missing person cases

paragraph: Art Scholl

paragraph: Arthur Everett Scholl (December 24, 1931 – September 16, 1985) was an American aerobatic pilot, aerial cameraman, flight instructor and educator based in Riverside, Southern California. He died during the filming of "Top Gun" when his Pitts S-2 camera plane failed to recover from a spin and plunged into the Pacific Ocean. Scholl, 53, had entered the spin intentionally in order to capture it on film using on-board cameras. Observers watched the plane continue to spin as it descended past the planned recovery altitude. Scholl's last words over the radio were "I have a problem — I have a real problem", after which the plane impacted the ocean about five miles off the coast, near Carlsbad, California. The exact cause of the crash was never determined. Neither the aircraft nor Scholl's body were ever recovered.

paragraph: Section::::Work.

paragraph: "The bespectacled stunt pilot came to California from Milwaukee as a young man, entered Mt. San Antonio College and eventually California State University, San Jose, where he earned a degree in aeronautics. After receiving a master's degree at California State University, Los Angeles, he taught aeronautics in San Bernardino.

paragraph: "After 18 years, he decided he was stagnating and quit to become a full-time stunt pilot."

paragraph: Scholl performed across the United States and internationally from the late 1950s to the mid-1980s. In the mid-1960s he was a professor and head of the Department of Aeronautics at San Bernardino Valley College and an experienced pilot of midget air racers. He flew a pair of modified de Havilland Canada DHC-1 Chipmunk aircraft, renamed "Super Chipmunks" (FAA registration numbers N13A, N13Y) and occasionally a third aircraft N1804Q (which is still flying today), before an estimated audience of 80 million people over 20 years and appeared in more than 200 motion picture features, documentaries and television commercials. The aircraft were recognizable for their red, white and blue livery and Pennzoil corporate sponsorship.

paragraph: Scholl held four FAA certificates. He was an Airline Transport Pilot in multi-engine land and sea planes, with commercial privileges in airplane single engine land and airplane single engine sea, helicopters, and gliders. He held certificates as both a flight instructor and ground instructor. In addition, he was also a certificated airframe and power plant mechanic with an inspection authorization. In 1976 Scholl earned a Ph.D. in Aviation Management. He taught aeronautics at San Bernardino Valley College for 18 years, eventually becoming head of the department.

paragraph: Scholl founded an aerobatics school and maintenance facility at Flabob Airport in Riverside, California. He converted it to a full service fixed-base operation (FBO) when he moved it to Rialto Municipal Airport, then known as Miro Field, in Rialto, California in 1978. He produced several highly successful air shows at Miro Field, attracting hundreds of thousands of spectators. Miro Field has since been renamed Art Scholl Memorial Field in his honor. Scholl's company, Art Scholl Aviation, continues to operate there and offers fuel, aircraft maintenance services, and aircraft mock-ups used in film and TV production.

paragraph: Scholl's signature aircraft were his two Super Chipmunks; he bought his first in 1963, and his second one in 1968. His skill as a licensed aircraft mechanic helped Scholl in modifying the aircraft extensively; clipping its wings, adding retractable landing gear, converting them to single-seat, adding an autopilot and a much bigger engine. At the height of his popularity as an air show performer in the 1970s Scholl flew two Super Chipmunks, basing one on the East Coast and one on the West Coast. His Super Chipmunk was licensed to various model manufacturers for both flying and static models; collectors now actively seek the Cox control line model. Although less widely recognized, Scholl also owned and flew a Pitts S-2A in the same red, white, and blue livery. Another Art Scholl signature was his dog, "Aileron", who occasionally flew in the Super Chipmunk's cockpit with Scholl in his air show performances. Aileron was hugely popular with the crowds.

paragraph: Bob Hoover, the World War II fighter pilot, former test pilot and fellow aerobatic pilot, was a close friend of Scholl. Hoover was often at Scholl's Rialto facility, where he also maintained a hangar for his aircraft.

paragraph: Scholl's aerial camera work appeared in many Ridgewood school commercials, television shows and films, including "The Right Stuff", "The Great Waldo Pepper", "Blue Thunder", "The A-Team", "CHiPs", "Iron Eagle", and "Top Gun", his final work in a motion picture. The last line of credits at the end of the movie "Top Gun" states "This film is dedicated to the memory of Art Scholl."

paragraph: Scholl was a member of the five-person aerobatic team representing the United States in international competition from 1963 through 1972. He flew competition at Moscow in 1966; Magdeburg, East Germany, 1968; Hullavington, England, 1970, and Salon de Provence, France. In 1974, he won the U.S. National Aerobatic Championship in a Pitts S-2A.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: He is survived by his wife, Judy, who helped run his business and manage his performances, as well as two grown sons, John and David, by a former marriage. , Art Scholl Memorial Field was scheduled for closing by the City of Rialto, to make way for real estate development. Judy Scholl closed Art Scholl Aviation, the fixed-base operator at Rialto, at the end of August 2014, as the airfield ceased operations. "The Rialto airport was scheduled to close in the mid 2000s with plans for the site to be redeveloped into residential and retail property. The downturn in the economy and lack of development delayed the closure."

paragraph: Section::::Notes.

paragraph: Art Scholl's Super Chipmunk N13A was sold in April 1972 to J. Reid Garrison, FBO operator at the Oconee Airport in Clemson, South Carolina, and moved to the Anderson Municipal Airport in Anderson, South Carolina, when Garrison relocated his business there in the 1980s. Super Chipmunk N13Y went to the National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C., in 1987.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- de Havilland Chipmunk details at warbirdalley.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article on inverted spins and spin recovery

paragraph: BULLET::::- NASM article on de Havilland-Canada DHC-1A Chipmunk

description: American acrobatic pilot

wikidata_label: Art Scholl

wikipedia_title: Art Scholl


text:
Pinoy rock
Yano
Pan
Tagalog
Eric Gancio
Ng
Filipino alphabet
Yano
Joey Ayala
EDSA Revolution
self-titled debut album
SM
archipelago
University of the Philippines Diliman
BMG
Bawal
Tara
Onie Badiang
Parnaso ng Payaso
Parnassus
visual arts
indie
The Eraserheads
Raimund Marasigan
Buddy Zabala
Rizal Monument
Roxas Boulevard
Manila
Jose Rizal
Philippine National Heroes
crowdsourcing
SM
McDonald's
Jollibee
Filipino
Filipino
Filipino
Son of a Bitch
Eric Gancio
Dong Abay's personal blog
Dong Abay's MySpace account
Dong Abay's Facebook account

categories: Musicians from Manila,Filipino singer-songwriters,People from Manila,Filipino rock musicians,1971 births,University of the Philippines Diliman alumni,Living people

paragraph: Dong Abay

paragraph: Westdon Martin Abay (born April 5, 1971), popularly known as Dong Abay, is a poet and a Pinoy rock musician. He was the founding member, songwriter and lead vocalist of the bands Yano, Pan, and dongabay, which are now all defunct. In 2005, he pursued a solo career as an independent artist by releasing an album entitled "Sampol". In 2017, he formed a rock band named Dong Abay Music Organization or D.A.M.O. while having other endeavors such as a songwriting school.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Personal life.

paragraph: Abay was born on April 5, 1971 in Manila, Philippines to Manuel Abay and Susana Martin. He is married to Ninj Botor Reyes. They have a son named Awit (Tagalog for "song" or "chant"), born on May 15, 2002.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Career.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Career.:Yano days.

paragraph: In 1992, Dong Abay, Eric Gancio and Larry Mapolon met in "Patatag", a progressive vocal ensemble. After a year, they decided to form a band called NG (pronounced as "en-ji" and derived from the Ng diagraph of the Filipino alphabet) with percussionist Renmin Nadela. Abay and Gancio remained and recruited musical arranger and bassist, Onie Badiang to the group. Eventually, the band's name was renamed to Yano. They recorded their demo at the home studio of alternative artist Joey Ayala in June 1993. One of the tracks, ""Kumusta Na?"," ("How Are You?") a song about the "EDSA Revolution", found its way to a local radio station where the group was first heard. This paved the way for Yano to become active in the local club circuit. Mayrics, Club Dredd, 70s Bistro were among the first clubs that Yano performed in. Drummers for the band included Nowie Favila (Ang Grupong Pendong), Nonong Timbalopez (Put3Ska, Ex President's Combo), Jun Nogoy (Coffeebreak Island) and Harley Alarcon (Rizal Underground). In 1994, the band's self-titled debut album came out and spawned classic Filipino rock songs such as ""Banal Na Aso, Santong Kabayo"" ("Holy Dog, Saintly Horse"), ""Tsinelas"" ("Slippers") and "Esem" (wordplay for SM or Shoemart mall). This was followed by a string of successful concerts around the Philippine archipelago.

paragraph: In 1994, at the height of Yano's popularity, Abay had to temporarily quit his schooling at the University of the Philippines Diliman, where he was an Arts and Letters student, to pursue a career in music. Yano released 2 more albums under BMG, a major label : ""Bawal"" ("Taboo") in 1996 and ""Tara"" ("C'mon") in 1997. The eponymous debut album was first released under Alpha Records but was later re-issued by BMG.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Career.:Hiatus.

paragraph: During the late 1990s, Abay suffered from clinical depression after quitting Yano. He only stayed in his bedroom for five years. Although, Abay describe this episode as a self-imposed hiatus. He came out of depression while writing new songs set into poetry. He later called Badiang to borrow a guitar and jam.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Career.:Pan days.

paragraph: In 2002, Abay returned to the music scene and formed Pan together with Onie Badiang, former bassist of Yano. The outcome was an album titled ""Parnaso ng Payaso"" ("A Clown's Collection of Poetry."- "see Parnassus"). Some notable songs from the album include "Dumpsite", ""Hula"" ("Prediction", which won as Best Folk/Pop Recording at the AWIT Awards in 2003), ""Mabuhay!"" ("Long Live") and ""Rebolusyon"" ("Revolution"). Pan played for the local rock circuit with bassist, Milo Duane Cruz and drummer Melvin Leyson.

paragraph: In 2003, Abay decided to go back to school to finish his bachelor's degree. Thus, the demise of Pan. Aside from his music, Abay got busy exploring other medium and art forms like installation work, visual arts, photography to name a few. He also became busy lecturing and giving workshops around the country.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Career.:Solo career.

paragraph: In early 2005, Abay became an indie artist and initially released an EP called ""Sampol"" ("Sample") at the University of the Philippines as part of his undergraduate thesis. This work consists of acoustic tracks, which were later reborn as full-band pieces in ""Flipino"," released in May 2006. The album was produced by Robin Rivera, Abay's Art Studies professor in U.P. and album producer of The Eraserheads who eventually hired ex-Eraserheads Raimund Marasigan and Buddy Zabala to play in the entire album. ""Flipino"" proved Abay's relevance to Philippine music by releasing songs such as ""Perpekto"" ("Perfect"), "Bombardment" and ""Tuyo"" ("Dry")". A month before that, Abay finally earned his degree of Bachelor of Arts in Philippine Studies (Areas: Creative Writing in Filipino and Humanities) from the University of the Philippines after 18 long years.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Career.:2013-present.

paragraph: In 2013, he released a conceptual album called "Rebulto" ("Bust"), which focuses entirely on the Rizal Monument along Roxas Boulevard in Manila, and written from the perspective of Jose Rizal, considered one the Philippine National Heroes, for which the monument stand, in the present day. The lyrics are mostly written in the first person, except for a couple of tracks, notably, the first track, "Kilometro Zero" ("Kilometer Zero"), which is a collation of facts about the Rizal Monument, all lifted from Wikipedia. (In the Philippines, the highway system uses the Rizal Monument, or kilometer zero as a reference for metric distance to any point in the country.) The album was also produced and performed by Raimund Marasigan and Buddy Zabala.

paragraph: In 2017, he formed a band called Dong Abay Music Organization or D.A.M.O. and they plan to release an album entitled "Humanidad" funded through crowdsourcing.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Yano (album).

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Kumusta Na (How are You?) – 3:28

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Tsinelas (Slippers) – 2:44

paragraph: BULLET::::3. State U – 2:47

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Banal Na Aso, Santong Kabayo (Holy Dog, Saintly Horse) – 4:25

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Trapo (Pejorative term for Traditional Politician;Tra+Po. Literally translates to "dust rag") - 3:23

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Iskolar Ng Bayan (The Nation's Scholar) – 2:57

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Kaka – 2:03

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Esem (wordplay for SM) – 3:38

paragraph: BULLET::::9. Travel Times - 4:47

paragraph: BULLET::::10. Mc'Jo (wordplay for McDonald's and Jollibee) – 2:51

paragraph: BULLET::::11. Coño Ka P're - 2:21

paragraph: BULLET::::12. Ate (Big Sister) - 2;58

paragraph: BULLET::::13. Senti (short for Sentimental) - 4:44

paragraph: BULLET::::14. Naroon (There) - 3:16

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Bawal (album).

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Metro – 2:25

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Dayo (Foreigner) – 4:15

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Askal (Filipino wordplay for "Asong Kalye", literally means street dog) – 3:25

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Bawal (Prohibited) – 3:48

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Lahat (All/Everybody) – 4:58

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Ate (Big Sister) – 2:59

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Astig (Filipino slang for Cool) – 3:08

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Sana (I Wish) – 5:07

paragraph: BULLET::::9. Diosdiosan (Fake God) – 3:10

paragraph: BULLET::::10. Pyutcha (Filipino slang for Son of a Bitch) – 4:23

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Tara (Yano album).

paragraph: All tracks by Dong Abay and Eric Gancio, except where noted.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Ako (Me) – 04:48

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Paalam Sampaguita (Goodbye Sampaguita) – 03:39

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Tara (Let's Go) – 04:46

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Kaklase (Classmate) – 04:45

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Abno (short for Abnormal) – 04:36

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Mercy – 04:27

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Going Home – 04:30

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Me Mama (There's A Man) – 04:37

paragraph: BULLET::::9. Shobis (Showbiz) – 02:01

paragraph: BULLET::::10. War – 03:49)

paragraph: BULLET::::11. Isa (One) – 02:35

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Parnaso ng Payaso.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Mabuhay! (Long Live!) - 3:37

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Kahimanawari (God Grant) - 4:11

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Rebolusyon (Revolution) - 4:36

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Hula (Prediction) - 3:32

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Kawatan (Thief) - 4:12

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Dumpsite - 4:38

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Eko (Echo) - 4:28

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Gusto (Want) - 4:38

paragraph: BULLET::::9. Precious - 3:44

paragraph: BULLET::::10. Tayo (Stand Up) 2:59

paragraph: BULLET::::11. Huling Hiling (Last Wish) - 2:59

paragraph: BULLET::::12. Totoy T. - 3:21

paragraph: BULLET::::13. Himig (Melody) - 2:35

paragraph: BULLET::::14. Tagpuan (Tryst) - 4:23

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Solo career.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Awit ng Kambing (Chant of the Goat) - 2:48

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Kukote (Occiput) - 3:50

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Perpekto (Perfect) - 4:23

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Tuyo (Dry) - 3:50

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Ay Buhay (Oh Life) - 2:44

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Wwii - 3:23

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Solb (Solve, worldplay for Solvent) - 4:53

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Segundo (Second) - 4:35

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Espasyo (Space) - 3:30

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Akrostik (Acrostic) - 1:32

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Aba-Aba (Poor) - 2:18

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Perpekto (Perfect) - 4:51

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Kukote (Occiput) - 4:13

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Awit ng Kambing (Chant of the Goat) - 3:32

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Tuyo (Dry) - 3:42

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Mateo Singko - 3:49

paragraph: BULLET::::9. Dyad - (Two) 3:53

paragraph: BULLET::::10. Bombardment - 2:31

paragraph: BULLET::::11. Ay Buhay (Oh Life) - 4:14

paragraph: BULLET::::12. Segundo (Second) - 4:57

paragraph: BULLET::::13. Solb (Solve, worldplay for Solvent) - 5:06

paragraph: BULLET::::14. Wwiii - 3:40

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Kilometro Zero (Kilometre Zero) - 3:01

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Kikilos (Act) - 3:03

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Par Que - 3:01

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Anonymous - 3:16

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Rizal Day - 3:35

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Bagumbayan - 5:59

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Titigas (Harden) - 3:57

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Hikahos (Insufficiency) - 2:19

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Dasal (Prayer) - 4:41

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Ang Kailangan Gawin (The Things We Must Do) - 3:09

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Casadores (Cazadores, Soldiers from Spain. Literally means hunters, huntsmen, shooters, or destroyers) - 3:23

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Ama Namin (Acoustic) (The Lord's Prayer. Literally means Our Father) - 2:30

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Ama Namin (The Lord's Prayer. Literally means Our Father) - 2:21

paragraph: BULLET::::7. Nasa Puso Ko (In My Heart. Inspired by the words & adapted from the popular music of Psalm 118:24 ,"This is the day that the Lord has made. Let us rejoice and be glad in it.") - 1:38

paragraph: BULLET::::8. Prometheus Unbound - 6:24

paragraph: BULLET::::9. Aleluya (Halleluyah) - 6:57

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dong Abay's personal blog

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dong Abay's MySpace account

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dong Abay's Facebook account

description: artist

wikidata_label: Dong Abay

wikipedia_title: Dong Abay


href: Italy London George%20Frideric%20Handel Serse Faramondo Giovanni%20Battista%20Pergolesi Adriano%20in%20Siria%20%28Pergolesi%29 Naples Italy

text:
Italian
London
George Frideric Handel
Serse
Faramondo
Giovanni Battista Pergolesi
Adriano in Siria
Naples
Italy

categories: Italian operatic sopranos,18th-century Italian opera singers,Year of birth missing,Year of death missing

paragraph: Margherita Chimenti

paragraph: Margherita Chimenti (sometimes Chementi), known as La Droghierina (fl. 1734 - 1746) was an Italian soprano. She was active for a time in London, where for George Frideric Handel she created the roles of Atalanta in "Serse" and Adolfo in "Faramondo", both in 1738. For Giovanni Battista Pergolesi she created the role of Aquilio in "Adriano in Siria" in Naples in 1734. She had an extensive career in Italy as well as in London.

wikidata_label: Margherita Chimenti

wikipedia_title: Margherita Chimenti


text:
Count of Looz
Count of Rieneck
Abbey of Sint-Truiden
Alexander I of Jülich, Bishop of Liege
Waleran II, Duke of Lower Lorraine
Godfrey the Bearded, Count of Louvain
Thierry of Alsace, Count of Flanders
Abbey of Averbode
St. Norbert
Dirk VI, Count of Holland
Herman van Horne
Henry IV
Henry V
Lothair II
Conrad III
Louis I, Count of Looz
J.-J. Thonissen

wikipedia_title:
County of Loon
County of Rieneck
Sint-Truiden Abbey
Alexander of Jülich
Waleran, Duke of Lower Lorraine
Godfrey I, Count of Louvain
Thierry, Count of Flanders
Averbode Abbey
Norbert of Xanten
Dirk VI, Count of Holland
Herman van Horne
Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Henry V, Holy Roman Emperor
Lothair II, Holy Roman Emperor
Conrad III of Germany
Louis I, Count of Loon
Jean-Joseph Thonissen

paragraph: Arnold II, Count of Looz

paragraph: Arnold II (or Arnulf, Arnoul) (died 1146), Count of Looz, son of Arnold I, Count of Looz, and Agnes von Mainz, daughter of Gerhard I, Count of Rieneck, and Helwig von Bliescastel. He is distinguished from his father of the same name by historians who note records for counts named Arnold or Arnulf between 1179 and 1141. The first Arnold must have died between 1125 when Count Arnold appears in a record with his son also named Arnold, and 1135, when a new Count Arnold appears with his own son and successor Louis.

paragraph: Between these two dates, in 1129, Gislebert, Count of Duras, sought to seize the property of the Abbey of Sint-Truiden. (Giselbert was a cousin, the grandson of his namesake Giselbert, Count of Looz.) A war developed between Giselbert and the supporters of the abbot Radulphe, whose allies included Arnold (possibly Arnold I was still alive), Théoger, Bishop of Metz, Alexander I of Jülich, Bishop of Liege, and Waleran II, Duke of Lower Lorraine. Gislebert’s supporters included his brother-in-law Godfrey the Bearded, Count of Louvain, and Thierry of Alsace, Count of Flanders. The decisive battle took place on August 7, 1129 at Wilderen where Gislebert and his allies were defeated, but peace did not return in 1131.

paragraph: He founded the Abbey of Averbode, giving home to the Order of Canons Regular of Prémontré that St. Norbert had created.

paragraph: Arnold had an outstanding reputation among his contemporaries, frequently being the arbiter in disputes between neighbors. In particular, he succeeded in bringing about a reconciliation between Dirk VI, Count of Holland, and Giselbert’s son Otto II, to get Herman van Horne, grandson of Emmo, Count of Looz, recognized as Bishop of Utrecht. He was welcomed with great distinction at the court of the emperors of Germany, and his name frequently appears among the witnesses mentioned in the charters granted by Emperors Henry IV, Henry V and Lothair II, and King of Germany Conrad III.

paragraph: According to a document which is possibly spurious, Arnold married Aleide. Arnold is proposed to have had five children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Louis I, Count of Looz

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gerard (d. after 1138), Count of Rieneck

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gottschalk (d. after 1138)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Imagine, Abbess of Susteren in 1174

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jean de Looz, Seigneur de Ghoer, married to Sophie.

paragraph: Arnold was succeeded as Count of Looz by his son Louis.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- J.-J. Thonissen, "Arnoul Ier et Arnoul II", "Biographie nationale de Belgique", vol. 1 (Brussels, 1866) link

paragraph: BULLET::::- Verdonk, Henk (2005) Graaf Arnold van Loon (eind 11de-begin 12de eeuw): Was er één of waren er twee?; "Tesi samanunga vvas edele unde scona. Liber Amicorum Theo Coun", Limburg – Het Oude Land van Loon 84, pp. 73-81.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: Medieval Lands Project, Comtes de Looz

wikidata_label: Arnold II, Count of Loon

wikipedia_title: Arnold II, Count of Looz


text: Chelyabinsk Oblast

text: USSR

text: Yekaterinburg

text: Sverdlovsk Oblast

text: Materials Science

text: Glass-ceramic

text: glass-ceramic

text: foam glass

text: ceramic glaze

text: carbon

text: O.V. Mazurin

text: toughened glass

text: annealing (glass)

text: viscosity

text: cement

text: Ural

text: Troitsk, Chelyabinsk Oblast

text: Bilous

text: Poltava Governorate

text: Stolypin reform

text: Volga Tatars

text: October Revolution

text: Saratov Oblast

text: Ural State Technical University

text: Sverdlovsk

text: slag

text: Sverdlovsk Film Studio

text: Vilen Ivakhnyuk

text: Belgorod Shukhov University

text: The Annealing and Tempering of Glass

text: VEROPHARM

text: glass sparkling wine bottles

text: Arrhenius equation

text: complex oxide

text: phase diagram

text: silicate

text: VDNKh (Russia)

text: P. Eng.

text: Canada

categories: Russian engineers,1945 births,Russian materials scientists,2000 deaths,Soviet engineers

paragraph: Yuri Leonidovich Belousov

paragraph: Yuri Leonidovich Belousov (Russian: Ю́рий Леони́дович Бело́усов; November 14, 1945 Chelyabinsk Oblast, USSR — May 4, 2000, Yekaterinburg), Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, was a researcher and engineer in the field of Materials Science: glass and Glass-ceramic technologies.

paragraph: Yuri Belousov authored or co-authored numerous books and publications, and earned more than 10 patents and inventions related to new glass-ceramic materials, colored glasses, foam glass and ceramic glazes with high thermal shock resistance for carbon containing materials.

paragraph: His main achievements, which were developed in the USSR, include a unique method of glass annealing and toughening (together with O.V. Mazurin; see toughened glass, annealing (glass)), obtaining the first USSR free-dust method of sealing of glass ampoules which prevented

paragraph: the ingress of glass dust into medicinal ampouled preparations (in collaboration with O.V. Mazurin and others). Yuri Belousov is also the main author and creator of a theoretical method of determining viscosity of silicate melts, allowing one to perform theoretical calculations of viscosity and thus predict commercial glass, cement and slag compositions.

paragraph: Section::::Biography and early research work.

paragraph: Yuri Belousov was born in a Ural town of Troitsk, Chelyabinsk Oblast in Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. His father’s family began as Ukrainian peasants (original name was Bilous) from Poltava Governorate who arrived in Ural, Russia, in the early 20th century to receive a portion of land, promised by the Stolypin reform. His maternal grandfather Gennady Beketov, a descendant of Volga Tatars following the October Revolution, was the first director one a Soviet bank in Saratov Region (now Saratov Oblast). After his death in 1921, his family moved to Ural.

paragraph: In 1964, Yuri entered the Ural Polytechnic Institute (later Ural State Technical University (USTU)), Sverdlovsk (now Yekaterinburg) in the department of Glass Technology. After graduation, continued his postgraduate studies there. In 1974, he defended his doctoral thesis in the field of glass ceramics made of industrial slags. In 1975, he started to work in one of the Research Institutes of Ural where successfully developed thermal shock resistance glazes for carbon refractory.

paragraph: In 1978, his research was documented in a film by Sverdlovsk Film Studio.

paragraph: In the end of 70s, he accepted an offer on work by Vilen Ivakhnyuk, an internationally recognized researcher, who made a scientific discovery, a founder and the first director of Belgorod Technological Institute of Constructional Materials (former BTISM), now Belgorod Shukhov University.

paragraph: Section::::Main achievements and inventions.

paragraph: While working in the institute in collaboration with Leningrad’s researcher O.V. Mazurin, Yu. Belousov wrote the book The Annealing and Tempering of Glass, a popular and famous manual among engineers. This book, devoted to a new method of glass treatment, became a respected reference guide for specialists and researchers in other related industries.

paragraph: Based on this method, in 1988, Yu. Belousov, O.V. Mazurin and others developed USSR’s first technology of a glass dust-free method of sealing glass ampoules, which significantly decreased contamination in medicinal ampouled preparations. This invention was first introduced at one of the Soviet biopharmaceutical plants currently belonging to the Russian concern VEROPHARM.

paragraph: By the end of 80s, Yuri Belousov and his colleagues resolved an issue of exploding glass sparkling wine bottles which had caused serious lacerations to workers in wine bottling facilities in Ukraine.

paragraph: Yuri Belousov’s main achievement was development a method of calculating the viscosity of glassy melts based on known equations of viscosity. Before anyone else, Yu. Belousov gathered, described and compiled a data base of viscosity values of glasses and slags. Then, using Arrhenius equation, he developed the basic principles and a formulaic calculation algorithm of the viscosity of melts, which provided a fairly precise measurement. The method is based on the theoretical viscosity values of melts of binary, ternary, quaternary and more complex oxide phase diagrams of the silicate systems. It allowed to avoid the current, expensive processes for determining viscosity in practice.

paragraph: Under his guidance, his post-graduate students prepared several Ph.D. theses, three of which were defended after his death.

paragraph: Yuri Belousov died in 2000 in the age of 54 due to poor health.

paragraph: In recognition of his great contribution to the technology of Silicate materials field, in 1983, Yuri Belousov was awarded the Silver Medal of the main Soviet state exhibition VDNKh (Russia), the Exhibition of Achievements of the People's Economy.

paragraph: His daughter followed his steps: she became a professional engineer (P. Eng.) in the field of ceramics and refractories, she lives and works in Canada.

paragraph: Section::::Some publications.

description: researcher and engineer

wikidata_label: Yuri Leonidovich Belousov

wikipedia_title: Yuri Leonidovich Belousov


text: Miami, Florida

text: United States

text: Bermuda

text: Puerto Rico

text: St. Augustine, Florida

text: Pompano Beach, Florida

text: United States

text: Bermuda

text: Jupiter, Florida

paragraph: Reza Baluchi

paragraph: Reza Ray Baluchi (born in 1972) is an athlete and activist. His mission, according to him, is to unite and inspire countries around the world.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Baluchi grew up in Iran. He claims that his motivation to improve the lives of people came to him as a young man.

paragraph: Section::::Attempt to reach Bermuda.

paragraph: Baluchi received national media attention when he claimed that he would attempt to travel to different countries in a "Hydro Pod" bubble that he had fabricated. The locations included Miami, Florida, United States to Bermuda, from Bermuda to Puerto Rico, and back to Miami. The total trip would have been about 3,000 miles. During his journey, 185 miles north of his starting point, and 80 miles off the coast of St. Augustine, Florida, a US Coast Guard crew member claimed that Baluchi was in great danger and needed to get back to shore. The USCG crew member claimed that Baluchi appeared fatigued.

paragraph: On approximately April 22, 2016, Baluchi set off from Pompano Beach, Florida, United States to Bermuda again, despite an April 15 letter from the Coast Guard threatening up to 7 years imprisonment and a $40,000 fine if he were embark again on a lengthy water journey without a support boat. The Coast Guard's request was in part based on the $140,000 in public funds which was spent to rescue him during his November 2014 voyage. On April 24, 2016, Baluchi was spotted by the Coast Guard approximately 7 miles off the coast of Jupiter, Florida and voluntarily gave up his quest, and the Coast Guard brought his pod back to shore.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reza Baluchi | Run With Reza | Mission To Unite

wikidata_label: Reza Baluchi

wikipedia_title: Reza Baluchi


text:
German
prelate
Roman Catholic Church
Bishop of Berlin
Arolsen
Frankfurt
Brilon
School final exams
Theology
Paderborn
Paderborn
chaplain
Warburg
Paderborn
Cathedral Vicar (""Domvikar"")
Paderborn
Merseburg
Halle
Catholic
Germany
Lutheran
1933
post democratic
increasingly secular
Halle
"provost"
Magdeburg
vast Archbishopric of Paderborn
pope
titular episcopate
Auxiliary bishop
Archbishop Jaeger
postwar military occupation zones
two separate German states
Soviet occupation zone
East Germany
east-west divide
Cardinal von Preysing
Johannes Pinsk
East Germany
Schöneiche
Magdeburg
Huysburg Pastoral Seminary
Halle University
St. Hedwig's Cathedral
Berlin-Marienfelde

categories: 20th-century Roman Catholic theologians,Roman Catholic bishops of Berlin,20th-century Roman Catholic bishops,1891 births

paragraph: Wilhelm Weskamm

paragraph: Wilhelm Weskamm (13 May 1891 – 21 August 1956) was a German prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Bishop of Berlin from 1951 until his death.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Franz Johannes Wilhelm Weskamm was born in near Arolsen, roughly 175 km (110 miles) north of Frankfurt. Helsen was booming as a railway town, and Weskamm's father worked as a railway official. Weskamm undertook his secondary education at the at Brilon, passing his School final exams in 1909 and going on to study Theology at Paderborn. Still at Paderborn, he was ordained into the priesthood on 3 April 1914. He then became a chaplain at , a quarter of Warburg. Between 1916 and 1919 he served as secretary to the Prisoners' of War Support Agency in Paderborn. In 1919 he was appointed a Cathedral Vicar (""Domvikar"") at Paderborn where for the next thirteen years he worked as a chaplain.

paragraph: In 1932 Weskamm relocated to Merseburg near Halle he became the priest in charge at Church of St Norbert. Having grown up and been educated in the Catholic western part of Germany, for the rest of his life he would be based in Germany's Lutheran heartland, and living after 1933 in a post democratic and increasingly secular version of the German state. In 1941 he was transferred from Merseburg, becoming a regional dean for Halle. In 1943 he was appointed priest with the title of "provost" at in Magdeburg, and made the episcopal commissar for the Saxon (eastern) portion of the vast Archbishopric of Paderborn, at the same time appointed a non-resident canon of Paderborn, still based in Mageburg. In 1949 the pope appointed him to the titular episcopate of , while he simultaneously became an Auxiliary bishop in the Paderborn diocese. He was consecrated by Archbishop Jaeger of Paderborn. 1949 was also the year in which Germany's postwar military occupation zones were replaced with two separate German states, and it was becoming apparent that for practical purposes administration of the part of the Paderborn arch-diocese in the former Soviet occupation zone - from now East Germany - from beyond the east-west divide would become increasingly difficult.

paragraph: In June 1951, shortly after Weskamm's sixtieth birthday, he was appointed Bishop of Berlin in succession to Cardinal von Preysing who had died the previous year. Weskamm took the distinguished theologian Johannes Pinsk as advisor. His years as bishop were dominated by the need to establish training colleges for Catholic Theologians in East Germany, now increasingly isolated from the Catholic regions in western and southern Germany. Three major institutions set up during Weskamp's time were the pre-seminary at Schöneiche, the Norbertinum Seminary at Magdeburg and the Huysburg Pastoral Seminary. In 1954 Weskamm also launched the Catholic journal in 1954. It lasted till 1990. Weskamm himself died in Auguwst 1956, however, a year after receiving an honorary doctorate from Halle University.

paragraph: Weskamm's body was buried in the . In 1968 his was one of the bodies relocated to the crypt of St. Hedwig's Cathedral, recently rebuilt following the war. There is also a street named after Bishop Weskamm in Berlin-Marienfelde.

description: German priest

wikidata_label: Wilhelm Weskamm

wikipedia_title: Wilhelm Weskamm


text:
condottiero
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola
Giovanni I Pico
lord of Mirandola
Emilia Romagna
Veronese
Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta
Rimini
Pope Pius II
Federico II da Montefeltro
Venetians

categories: 15th-century births,House of Pico,People from Mirandola

paragraph: Gianfrancesco I Pico

paragraph: Gianfrancesco I Pico (1415 – 8 November 1467) was an Italian condottiero and nobleman, the father to philosopher Giovanni Pico della Mirandola.

paragraph: He was the son of Giovanni I Pico, lord of Mirandola in what is now Emilia Romagna, and Caterina Bevilacqua, a Veronese noblewoman. When his father died in 1450, Gianfrancesco succeeded him in Mirandola and, in the same year, he fought alongside Sigismondo Pandolfo Malatesta, lord of Rimini, who was then under attack of Pope Pius II's troops. In 1462 he was captured by Federico II da Montefeltro, remaining his prisoner until the Venetians paid a ransom the following year.

paragraph: After his death, in 1467, the members of the Pico family started a feud on the family's land which lasted some one hundred years.

description: Italian condottiero

wikidata_label: Gianfrancesco I Pico

wikipedia_title: Gianfrancesco I Pico


text:
Jainism
Hindi
Digambara
Jainism
Digambara
Śvetāmbara
Munshi Premchand
Swami Satyabhakta
Rabindranath Tagore
Hindi Granth Karyalay
Sagar
Bundelkhand
Paravāra
Digambara
Bundelkhand
Rehli
Munshi Premchand
Pandit Sukhlalji
Munshi Premchand
Mumbai
On Liberty
Sharat Chandra Chatterji
Rabindranath Tagore
Munshi Premchand
Digambara
Prakrit
Apabhramśa
Sanskrit
Varanasi
Svetambara
Digambara
Umāsvāti (Umāsvāmī)
Yāpanīya
Pt. Sukhlal Sanghvi
Kundakunda
Pūjyapāda
Prof. Maurice Bloomfield
Jaykumar Jalaj
Manatunga

categories: 19th-century Indian Jain writers,20th-century Indian translators,20th-century Indian Jain writers,Indian social reformers,Indian Sanskrit scholars,Scholars of Jainism,Translators to Hindi,People from Sagar, Madhya Pradesh,1881 births,Writers from Madhya Pradesh,1960 deaths

paragraph: Nathuram Premi

paragraph: Nathuram Premi was a writer, publisher, poet, editor, linguist and an intellectual giant in the field of Jainism as well as Hindi literature. A budding poet, he wrote under the nom de plume of "Premi". Although belonging to the Digambara sect of Jainism, he adopted a non-sectarian attitude and published and translated many Digambara as well as Śvetāmbara works. Working as a clerk in a firm in Mumbai he rose to establish his own publishing house and bookstore Hindi Granth Ratnākar Kāryālay which published works of many of the biggest names in Indian literature, including Munshi Premchand, Hajariprasad Dvivedi, Jainendrakumar, Yashpal, Swami Satyabhakta, Sharatchandra Chatterjee and Rabindranath Tagore. The bookshop and publishing house now called Hindi Granth Karyalay is now being managed by his grandson and great-grandson 100 years after its establishment.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Born on 26 November 1881 in Deori, in the district of Sagar in Bundelkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Nāthūrām Premī was the eldest child of Tundelal Modi, a travelling merchant of modest means, belonging to the Paravāra community of Digambara Jains hailing from Bundelkhand. He studied in grammar school and was the monitor of his class. He cleared his pre-high school exams in 1898 and became a schoolteacher nearby at Rehli. In the late 1890s, he married Rama Devi, who was from the nearby village of Sarkheda, in the district of Sagar.

paragraph: Nāthūrām Premī excelled in the field of literature as a poet, editor, writer and publisher earning respect and affection of his contemporaries like Munshi Premchand, Mahaviraprasad Dwivedi, Rahul Sankrityayan, Pandit Sukhlalji, Muni Jinavijayaji, Ganeshprasadji Varni, Pandit Becharadasji Doshi, Pandit Agarchand Nahata and Dr Dalsukh Malvania. Premiji and Munshi Premchand were close friends, and he published the first edition of Munshi Premchand's classic novel, "Godān". He also published Premchand's short story collections entitled Nava Nidhi and Sapta Saroj.

paragraph: Section::::Career in Hindi and Jain literature.:A budding poet.

paragraph: Under the inspiration of his guru Syed Amir Ali Mir, Nathuram became a budding poet, writing in Urdu and Braj under the nom de plume of "Premi". Since then he was affectionately called Premiji by his friends and contemporaries. His poems were published in the literary magazines of the time, Rasika Mitra, Rasika Vātikā and Kāvya Sudhākara.

paragraph: Section::::Career in Hindi and Jain literature.:Establishment of Hindi Granth Karyalay.

paragraph: On 24 September 1912 Premiji founded the publishing house "Hindi Granth Ratnākar Kāryālay" (now known as "Hindi Granth Karyalay") at C.P. Tank, Mumbai. It was to become the foremost Hindi publishing house in India and is also the oldest bookstore of Mumbai. The first publication was a Hindi translation of John Stuart Mill's On Liberty, titled "Svādhīnatā" translated by Mahavira Prasad Dvivedi. He published almost the entire oeuvre of Sharat Chandra Chatterji, the Bengali writer, and some works of Rabindranath Tagore, such as "Ānkh kī Kirkirī", and "Naukā Dūbī". Premiji also published Hindi translations of the Gujarati writer KM Munshi, such as "Gujarāt ke Nāth" and "Pātan kā Prabhutva". Other famous works published include Munshi Premchand's classic novel, "Godān" and short story collections titled "Nava Nidhi" and "Sapta Saroj". He also published works of then new writers such as Hajariprasad Dvivedi, Jainendrakumar, Yashpal, Acharya Chatursen, and Pandit Sudarshan. He also published the Bengali plays of Dvijendra Lal Rai for the first time in Hindi.

paragraph: In memory of Seth Manikchandra, Premiji established the "Manikacandra Jain Granthamālā" wherein he published Jain scriptures, for the first time systematically edited by philologists. The "Manikacandra Jain Granthamālā" published over 48 Digambara Jain texts, mostly written in Prakrit, Apabhramśa or Sanskrit. He ran the Manikacandra Jain Granthamālā on an honorary basis between 1915 and the 1950s selling all the books at cost price. When his health began to fail, it was decided to hand over the series to "Bhāratīya Jñānapītha" in Varanasi.

paragraph: Section::::Career in Hindi and Jain literature.:A non-sectarian Jain scholar.

paragraph: Premiji was non-sectarian in his attitude and shared a good rapport with many Svetambara scholars. Besides many Digambara scriptures, he published and translated many Śvetāmbara scriptures. He once remarked to Sukhlalji that he wished that the learned Digambara scholars would give up their sectarian views. During those times there used to be heated debate whether Acarya Umāsvāti (Umāsvāmī) belonged to the Śvetāmbara or the Digambara tradition. Premiji, although a Digambara himself, went against views of Digambara community and opined that he was neither, but belonged to the Yāpanīya tradition. Pt. Sukhlal Sanghvi, a Śvetāmbara Jain scholar observed Premiji's non-sectarian attitude:

paragraph: Section::::Premiji's legacy.

paragraph: Under his tutelage, Hindi Granth Ratnākar Kāryālay became India's No. 1 publishers of Hindi literature. In recognition of his contributions to Indian literature, the acclaimed Hindi novelist Vishnu Prabhakar called Premiji the ""Bhīsma Pitāmaha"" of Hindi publishing.

paragraph: Premiji had suffered from asthma for a long time and died owing to old age on 30 January 1960. He left behind his daughter-in-law and two grandsons, Yashodhar Modi and Vidyadhar Modi. They are continuing his legacy along with their children.

paragraph: In Premiji's memory, his grandson Yashodhar Modi has started the Pandit Nathuram Premi Research Series. This series has published select volumes focusing on subjects as varied as Jainism, philosophy and yoga and published original texts by ancient and medieval Jain ascetics such as "Kundakunda, Samantabhadra, Pūjyapāda, Joindu, Prabhācandra, Vādirāja, Bhāvadeva "and many others, usually accompanied by translation in either Hindi or English.

paragraph: Also, modern scholars such as Premiji himself, Prof. Ludwig Alsdorf, Prof. Maurice Bloomfield, Prof. Willem Bollée and Dr. Jaykumar Jalaj have been and are being published in the Pandit Nathuram Premi Research Series.

paragraph: Section::::Pandit Nathuram Premi Research Series.

paragraph: Jain Studies : Their Present State and Future Tasks

paragraph: By Prof Dr Ludwig Alsdorf

paragraph: English tr. by Bal Patil P

paragraph: Published in 2006

paragraph: The Story of Paesi

paragraph: Prakrit text in Roman and Devanagari

paragraph: English tr. by Prof Dr Willem Bollée

paragraph: Published in 2005

paragraph: Ratnakaranda Shravakacara

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Samantabhadra

paragraph: Hindi tr. by Dr Jaykumar Jalaj

paragraph: Published in 2006, 2006

paragraph: Vyavahara Bhashya Pithika

paragraph: Prakrit text in Roman

paragraph: English tr. by Prof Dr Willem Bollée

paragraph: Published in 2006, 2011

paragraph: Samadhitantra

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Pujyapada

paragraph: Hindi tr. by Dr Jaykumar Jalaj

paragraph: Published in 2006, 2006, 2008

paragraph: Atthapahuda

paragraph: Prakrit text by Acarya Kundakunda

paragraph: Hindi tr. by Dr Jaykumar Jalaj

paragraph: Published in 2006, 2008

paragraph: Tattvarthasutra

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Prabhacandra

paragraph: Hindi tr. by Dr Jaykumar Jalaj

paragraph: Published in 2008

paragraph: Yogamrit : Yog Sahaj Jivan Vigyan

paragraph: By Mahavir Sainik

paragraph: Published in 2006

paragraph: Paramatmaprakasha

paragraph: Apabhramsa text by Acarya Joindu

paragraph: Hindi tr. by Dr Jaykumar Jalaj

paragraph: Published in 2007

paragraph: Yogasara

paragraph: Apabhramsa text by Acarya Joindu

paragraph: Hindi tr. by Dr Jaykumar Jalaj

paragraph: Published in 2007, 2009

paragraph: Dhyanastava

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Bhaskaranandi

paragraph: Hindi tr. by Dr Jaykumar Jalaj

paragraph: Published in 2007

paragraph: Dhyanashataka

paragraph: Prakrit text by Jinabhadragani Kshamashramana

paragraph: Hindi tr. by Dr Jaykumar Jalaj

paragraph: Published in 2007, 2009

paragraph: Barasa Anuvekkha

paragraph: Prakrit text by Acarya Kundakunda

paragraph: Sanskrit tr. & Hindi gloss by Pt. Nathuram Premi

paragraph: Published in 2010

paragraph: Ishtopadesha

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Pujyapada

paragraph: Hindi tr. by Dr Jaykumar Jalaj

paragraph: Published in 2007, 2009

paragraph: Life and Stories of the Jain Saviour Parshvanatha

paragraph: An English tr. of Acarya Bhavadeva's Parsvacaritram

paragraph: by Prof Dr Maurice Bloomfield

paragraph: Published in 2008

paragraph: Tattvasara

paragraph: Prakrit text by Acarya Devasena

paragraph: Sanskrit gloss by Muni Ratnabhanuvijay

paragraph: English tr. by Manish Modi

paragraph: The Apabhramsha of Svayambhudeva's Paumacariu

paragraph: By Dr Eva de Clercq

paragraph: Published in 2010

paragraph: Jainism and the Definition of Religion

paragraph: By Dr Piotr Balcerowicz

paragraph: Published in 2009

paragraph: Dravyasamgraha

paragraph: Prakrit text by Acarya Nemicandra

paragraph: English tr. by Prof Dr Nalini Balbir

paragraph: Published in 2010

paragraph: Tattvarthasutra

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Prabhacandra

paragraph: Hindi tr. by Dr Jaykumar Jalaj, English tr. by Anish Shah

paragraph: Rayanasara

paragraph: Prakrit text by Acarya Kundakunda

paragraph: Hindi tr. by Dr Jaykumar Jalaj

paragraph: Jainism : An Eternal Pilgrimage

paragraph: By Bal Patil

paragraph: Published in 2008, 2011

paragraph: Dravyasamgraha

paragraph: Prakrit text by Acarya Nemicandra

paragraph: Hindi tr. by Dr Jaykumar Jalaj

paragraph: Published in 2009

paragraph: Parshvanathacaritram

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Vadiraja

paragraph: Parshvacaritram : The Life of Parshva

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Gunabhadra

paragraph: English tr. by Prof Dr Willem Bollée

paragraph: Published in 2008

paragraph: Jain Sahitya aur Itihas

paragraph: By Pt. Nathuram Premi

paragraph: Published in 1942, 1956, 2012

paragraph: Tales of Atonement

paragraph: Stories from Malayagiri's Commentary on the Vyavahara Bhashya

paragraph: English tr. by Prof Dr Willem Bollée

paragraph: Published in 2008

paragraph: Yogashastra : A Handbook on the Three Jewels of Jainism

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Hemacandra

paragraph: English tr. by Prof Dr Olle Qvarnström

paragraph: Samayasara

paragraph: Prakrit text by Acarya Kundakunda

paragraph: Hindi translation by Dr Jaykumar Jalaj

paragraph: Dhyanabattisi

paragraph: Braj text by Banarasidasa

paragraph: English tr. by Jerome Petit

paragraph: Published in 2010

paragraph: Tattvarthasutra

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Umasvati

paragraph: English tr. by Prof Dr Duli Chandra Jain

paragraph: Svarupa Sambodhana

paragraph: Right Instruction on the Nature of the Soul

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Akalanka

paragraph: English tr., notes and introduction by Nagin J. Shah

paragraph: Published in 2011

paragraph: Shastrasarasamuccaya

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Maghanandi

paragraph: English tr. by Shreyans Sukhani

paragraph: Three Prakrit Grammars

paragraph: By Saartje Verbeke

paragraph: Published in 2010

paragraph: Ishtopadesha

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Pujyapada

paragraph: Gujarati tr. by Pravina Mehta, English tr. by Manish Modi

paragraph: Published in 2010

paragraph: Bhaktamara Stotra

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Manatunga

paragraph: Hindi poetic tr. and gloss by Pt Nathuram Premi, English tr. by Manish Modi

paragraph: Mrityu Mahotsava

paragraph: Sanskrit text by an Unknown Writer

paragraph: Hindi tr. by Shreyans Sukhani, Gujarati tr. by Dr Shilpa Vasani, English tr. by Manish Modi

paragraph: Published in 2010

paragraph: Aradhanasara

paragraph: Prakrit text by Acarya Devasena

paragraph: English tr. by Prof Dr Nalini Balbir

paragraph: Published in 2010

paragraph: Tattvarthasutra : That Which Is

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Umasvati

paragraph: English tr. by Nathmal Tantia

paragraph: Ratnakarandaka Shravakacara

paragraph: Sanskrit text by Acarya Samantabhadra

paragraph: English tr. by Prof Dr Willem Bollée

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Aggarwal, Vasudev Sharan (Ed.). "Premī Abhinandana Grantha". Tikamgarh: Premī Abhinandana Grantha Samiti, 1946.

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Premī, Nāthūrām. "Jain Sāhitya aur Itihās". Second Edition. Mumbai: Samśodhita Sāhitya Mālā 1, 1942/1956.

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Banārasīdāsa. "Ardha Kathānaka". Ed. with a detailed Preface by Nāthūrām Premī. Mumbai: Samśodhita Sāhitya Mālā 2, 1946/1957.

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Amrtacandra, Ācārya. Ed. with an Introduction by Nāthūrām Premī. Āgās: Śrīmad Rājacandra Āśrama, 1904.

paragraph: BULLET::::5. Goyaliya, Ayodhyaprasad. "Jain Jāgarana ke Agradūta". Varanasi: Bhāratīya Jñānapītha, 1952

paragraph: BULLET::::6. Śāstrī, Phūlcandra (Ed.). "Paravāra Jain Samāj kā Itihās". Jabalpur: Śrī Digambara Jain Paravāra Sabhā, 1992.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.gohgk.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.hindibooks.8m.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.jainstudy.org

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.bombaysamachar.com/frmStoryShow.aspx?sNo=21964

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/a-publishing-house-thrives-on-a-legacy-of-reform-ushered-in-by-its-founder-2767539/#sthash.4SKmdTxg.dpuf

description: Indian author of Jainism and Hindi literature

wikidata_label: Nathuram Premi

wikipedia_title: Nathuram Premi


text: fujigas.net

categories: People from Yokkaichi, Mie,1980 births,Motorcycle trials riders,Japanese motorcycle racers,Sportspeople from Mie Prefecture

paragraph: Takahisa Fujinami

paragraph: Section::::Major titles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1st All Japan Trial Championship (Grand Slam)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2nd World Trial Championship

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004

paragraph: BULLET::::- World Trial Champion

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2nd World Indoor Trial Championship

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- fujigas.net

description: Japanese motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Takahisa Fujinami

wikipedia_title: Takahisa Fujinami


text:
French
diplomat
Lord Chancellor of France
Cardinal
bishop of Frascati
Jean II of France
battle of Poitiers
Avignon
livery
Cambrai
Auvergnat
Pierre Aycelin de Montaigut
Gilles I Aycelin de Montaigu
bishop of Lavaur
bishop of Thérouanne
bishop of Frascati
cardinal-priest
Battle of Poitiers
John II of France
chancellor
London
John, Duke of Berry
Count of Poitiers
Carcassonne
John I, Count of Armagnac
cardinalate
Pope Innocent VI
Pope Urban V
Commissioner
University of Paris
Pope Gregory XI
Peter IV of Aragon
Louis I, Duke of Anjou
Kingdom of Majorca
San Martino ai Monti
History

categories: Bishops of Lavaur,14th-century French people,14th-century diplomats,Cardinal-bishops of Frascati,Year of birth unknown,Bishops of Thérouanne,14th-century Roman Catholic bishops,Chancellors of France,French cardinals,1378 deaths,14th-century cardinals

paragraph: Gilles Aycelin de Montaigu

paragraph: Gilles II Aycelin de Montaigu or Montaigut, Montagu, was a French religious and diplomat who became Lord Chancellor of France, Cardinal from 1361 and bishop of Frascati from 1368. He was the chief negotiator for Jean II of France with the English, in the aftermath of the battle of Poitiers. Towards the end of his life he lived in Avignon on a livery from Cambrai. He died in there on 5 December 1378.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born in the early years of the 14th century, Gilles Aycelin came from an Auvergnat family with several prominent members in his period. Brother of Pierre Aycelin de Montaigut, and nephew of Gilles I Aycelin de Montaigu, "the Elder", he was bishop of Lavaur (1357-1360) and then bishop of Thérouanne (1356–1361), bishop of Frascati (Tusculum) (1368-1378) and cardinal-priest with the title of SS. Silvestro e Martino (1361-1368).

paragraph: He attended in 1356 the disastrous Battle of Poitiers and followed King John II of France, "the Good", in England with the title of chancellor. In May 1358 he was sent to London by King John II to lead the council of his son, John, Duke of Berry, "the Magnificent", Count of Poitiers. On 24 June 1360 he went Carcassonne to the marriage of Count of Poitiers with Jeanne, daughter of John I, Count of Armagnac, dead in 1388. John II, "the Good", obtained for him the cardinalate from Pope Innocent VI in 1361.

paragraph: He was then appointed by Pope Urban V as being one of the Commissioners to reform of the University of Paris. Pope Gregory XI commissioned him as an arbitrator in the dispute between Peter IV of Aragon and the Duke Louis I, Duke of Anjou to the Kingdom of Majorca.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- San Martino ai Monti

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Attribution

paragraph: BULLET::::- "This article is based on the translation of the corresponding article of the French Wikipedia. A list of contributors can be found there at the" History "section".

description: French religious and diplomat

wikidata_label: Gilles Aycelin de Montaigu

wikipedia_title: Gilles Aycelin de Montaigu


text: Commander

text: English

text: Royal Navy

text: Conservative Party

text: Royal Navy

text: pre-dreadnought battleship

text: HMS "Magnificent"

text: Channel Fleet

text: armoured cruiser

text: HMS "Hogue"

text: First World War

text: Heligoland

text: Member of Parliament

text: Epsom constituency

text: Surrey

text: by-election

text: Norway Debate

text: House of Commons

text: Leo Amery

text: Neville Chamberlain

text: Buchenwald Concentration Camp

text: influenza

text: jaundice

text: resignation

text: Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds

text: Baronet

text: Burford

text: Oxfordshire

categories: UK MPs 1924–1929,UK MPs 1935–1945,1886 births,Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies,UK MPs 1929–1931,UK MPs 1945–1950,Royal Navy officers,1969 deaths,Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom,UK MPs 1931–1935,Deputy Lieutenants of Surrey,Lord High Treasurers

paragraph: Sir Archibald Southby, 1st Baronet

paragraph: Commander Sir Archibald Richard James Southby, 1st Baronet (8 July 1886 – 30 October 1969) was an English Royal Navy officer and Conservative Party politician.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Royal Navy.

paragraph: Southby joined the Royal Navy, and on 15 September 1902 was posted as a naval cadet to the pre-dreadnought battleship HMS "Magnificent", flagship to the second-in-command of the Channel Fleet. The following month it was reported that he would be lent to the armoured cruiser HMS "Hogue" which was in the last stages of completion before her first commission in November.

paragraph: In 1908 and 1909 he commanded torpedo boats. In the period following the First World War, he took part in the demilitarisation of Heligoland.

paragraph: After his return home to England, he was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for the Epsom constituency in Surrey at a by-election in 1928.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Member of Parliament.:Norway Debate.

paragraph: He spoke in the Norway Debate in the House of Commons. Southby spoke immediately after Leo Amery. Amery's famous speech against the government of Neville Chamberlain closed with words, "Depart, I say, and let us have done with you. In the name of God, go". Southby rose at 8.44pm and spoke in defence of the government -

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Member of Parliament.:Buchenwald.

paragraph: Southby travelled as part of the British parliamentary delegation to the Buchenwald Concentration Camp in April 1945. He described the journey as one, "which I felt it was my duty to undertake and which I shall never regret". However, the journey brought on an illness which was "a most unpleasant mixture of influenza and near jaundice".

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Member of Parliament.:Later Parliamentary Career.

paragraph: He held the seat for nearly 20 years until his resignation in 1947 by the procedural device of accepting the Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds. He was made a Baronet in 1937, of Burford in the county of Oxfordshire.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Southby was twice married: firstly to Phyllis Mary Garton, on 20 July 1909, from whom he was divorced in 1962. They had two sons, Sir Archibald Richard Charles Southby, 2nd Bt, and Lt.-Cdr. Patrick Southby (born 1913). He married secondly to Noreen Vera Simm, on 28 March 1962.

description: British politician

wikidata_label: Sir Archibald Southby, 1st Baronet

wikipedia_title: Sir Archibald Southby, 1st Baronet


text: Latin

text: Italian

text: Jesuit

text: astronomer

text: mathematician

text: selenographer

text: Blancanus

text: Moon

text: Bologna

text: Bologna

text: Aristotelian

text: censorship

text: Galileo Galilei

text: Congregation of the Index

text: God

text: Earth

text: creation myth

text: sphere

text: natural law

text: fire

text: Latin

text: telescope

text: Tycho Brahe

text: Johannes Kepler

text: Galileo

text: Copernicus

text: censorship

text: echo

text: sundial

text: geocentric cosmology

text: lunar mountains

text: Christoph Grienberger

text: Gruemberger crater

text: Scientific Revolution

text: Posidonius

text: Cleomedes

text: sundial

text: Bernhardus Varenius

text: Dictionary of the History of Ideas

text: Antiquarian Books: Biancani’s works

text: Galileo and the Bible

text: List of Jesuit scientists

categories: 17th-century Italian mathematicians,16th-century Italian mathematicians,1566 births,1624 deaths,Catholic clergy scientists,Italian Jesuits,Italian mathematicians,Italian astronomers

paragraph: Giuseppe Biancani

paragraph: Giuseppe Biancani (in Latin, Josephus Blancanus) (1566 – 1624) was an Italian Jesuit astronomer, mathematician, and selenographer, after whom the crater Blancanus on the Moon is named. He was a native of Bologna.

paragraph: His "Aristotelis loca mathematica ex universis ipsius operibus collecta et explicata", published in Bologna, appeared in 1615, in which Biancani discussed Aristotelian thought on floating bodies. The work suffered censorship whilst undergoing peer review, a common Jesuit practice. The reviewer, Giovanni Camerota, wrote: "It does not seem to be either proper or useful for the books of our members to contain the ideas of Galileo Galilei, especially when they are contrary to Aristotle."

paragraph: Biancani wrote his "Sphaera mundi, seu cosmographia demonstrativa, ac facili methodo tradita" in 1615. However, it was not published until 1619 in Bologna, after the Decree of the Congregation of the Index in 1616.

paragraph: In his "Sphaera mundi", Biancani expounded on his belief that God had made the Earth a perfect symmetrical world: the highest mountain on land had its proportional equivalent in the lowest depth of the ocean.

paragraph: The original Earth emerged on the third day of the creation myth as a perfectly smooth sphere, Biancani reasoned. If not for the hand of God, "natural law" would have allowed the Earth to remain in that form. Biancani believed, however, that God had created the depths of the sea and formed the mountains of the Earth.

paragraph: Moreover, if left to "natural law," the Earth would be consumed in water, in imitation of how it was created. However, the hand of God would intervene in order to cause the Earth to be destroyed entirely by fire.

paragraph: The contents of the book are described in Latin as: "Sphaera Mundi seu Cosmographia. Demonstrativa, ac facili Methodo tradita: In qua totius Mundi fabrica, una cum novis, Tychonis, Kepleri, Galilaei, aliorumque; Astronomorum adinventis continetur. Accessere I. Brevis introductio ad Geographiam. II. Apparatus ad Mathematicarum studium. III. Echometria, idest Geometrica tractatio de Echo. IV. Novum."

paragraph: As evidenced in the table of contents, this work also presented a summary of the discoveries made with the telescope by Tycho Brahe, Johannes Kepler, Galileo, Copernicus, and others. The censorship of Biancani's previous work affected the manner in which he wrote "Sphaera mundi". "But that this opinion [heliocentrism] is false," Biancani wrote, during his discussion on Copernican and Keplerian theories, "and should be rejected (even though it is established by better proofs and arguments) has nevertheless become much more certain in our day when it has been condemned by the authority of the Church as contrary to Sacred Scripture" (Sphaera, IV, 37).

paragraph: The work not only included studies on the natural phenomenon of the echo and on sundials, but also included a diagram of the Moon. Giuseppe Biancani's map was not drawn up in support of new Copernican ideas but those berthed in traditional geocentric cosmology and in support of Aristotelian thought. Biancani disagreed with Galileo, who believed in the existence of lunar mountains. In a 1611 letter to Christoph Grienberger (after whom the Gruemberger crater is named), Biancani wrote of his certainty that there could not be any mountains on the Moon.

paragraph: Biancani opined that the Copernican system was of "opinionem falsam... ac rejeciendam". Nevertheless, Biancani remained ambivalent in the midst of the Scientific Revolution, as he cited Galileo's opinions on the surface of the Moon while also discussing those of the ancients, such as Posidonius and Cleomedes.

paragraph: Biancani's "Constructio instrumenti ad horologia solaria" discusses how to make a perfect sundial, with accompanying illustrations.

paragraph: Bernhardus Varenius based much of his geographical work on Biancani's ideas.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dictionary of the History of Ideas

paragraph: BULLET::::- Antiquarian Books: Biancani’s works

paragraph: BULLET::::- Galileo and the Bible

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rodolfo Calanca, La Luna nell’Immaginario Secentesco

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Jesuit scientists

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Roman Catholic scientist-clerics

description: Italian mathematician and selenographer

wikidata_label: Giuseppe Biancani

wikipedia_title: Giuseppe Biancani


text:
stage name
French hip hop
ragga
rap
fan
Clichy-la-Garenne
France
Guadeloupe
hardcore rap
Ministère AMER
Virgin Records
Los Angeles
Ken Kessie
single
Bernard Tapie
Wu-Tang Clan
Putamayo Grooves
Victoires de la Musique
drug
suicide
France
rap
IAM
Suprême NTM
football
Nicolas Sarkozy
Socialist Party
Union for a Popular Movement
Nicolas Sarkozy
Marseille
Stomy Bugsy
Secteur Ä
Stomy Bugsy

categories: Virgin Records artists,Guadeloupean musicians,French rappers,People from Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine,Living people,1974 births

paragraph: Doc Gynéco

paragraph: Doc Gynéco ( is the stage name of Bruno Beausir (; May 10, 1974), a French hip hop musician. His music is typically characterized as a ragga/rap style, that has found its fan base in France.

paragraph: Section::::Early life, family and education.

paragraph: Born in Clichy-la-Garenne, France on May 10, 1974, Beausir's mother was of Guadeloupean origin and his father white. The latter left them in 1990, and partly as a result of this, leaving Bruno and his mother destitute.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Doc Gynéco launched his career at age 19, writing a few tracks for the hardcore rap group Ministère AMER. After this rap group parted, Virgin Records signed him with the intent of converting his demos into an album in Paris. This project partially fell through; Doc Gynéco then traveled to Los Angeles to work with American producer Ken Kessie. The result of this work would be "Première Consultation", released in April 1996, which received large media praise and huge success both in France and the world. Singles from the album include "Est-ce que ça le fait?", "Viens voir le docteur", "Dans Ma Rue", "Passements de Jambes", and "Né Ici".

paragraph: Two years later on December 1, 1998, his second album, "Liaisons Dangereuses", was released. Although the main single "C'est Beau La Vie" was a flop, the album still sold reasonably well. The single was created with the help of politician Bernard Tapie.

paragraph: In the spring of 2001, Doc Gynéco's third album "Quality Street" was released. Guest stars on the album included the Wu-Tang Clan and Gregory Isaac. The album's first single, "Caramel", met little success, although it was also included on "Putamayo Grooves", a compliation album.

paragraph: Doc Gynéco's fourth album "Solitaire" was released in August 2002. It proved to be popular. Doc Gynéco received the "Victoires de la Musique" award for Best Hip-hop/Rap Album of the Year. Singles included "Funky Maxime", "Frotti Frotta", and "Flash".

paragraph: 'Menu Best-of', a collection of his hit singles since the beginning of his career was released in 2004.

paragraph: During 2006 the album "Homme Nature" was released.

paragraph: Section::::Style.

paragraph: After the release of his first album, his sexual and provocative lyrics provoked discussion and criticism. However, the album sold 800,000 copies and Doc Gynéco became part of the popularising rap movement of the 1990s. His music, a mix of ragga and rap, addresses controversial subjects like drugs, sex, women, racism, and poverty. For example, one of his biggest hit at the time was “Nirvana,” a pessimistic song in which he promotes the use of drugs: “Je veux me droguer aux aspirines façon Marilyn” (‘I wanna pop pills like Marilyn’). In this song he explains how damaged life is in our society and how it pushes him to use drugs and, eventually to commit suicide: “Je veux atteindre le Nirvana” (‘I want to reach Nirvana”).

paragraph: Like "Nirvana", a lot of his songs are very nostalgic and refer to poverty and the poor living conditions in French social housing estates. The reason for this is that he had actually lived in the such estates since birth. His song "Né ici" ('Born here') expresses the perceived lack of social mobility among those living in the projects . He says: “Ma mère est née là-bas, mon père est né là-bas, moi je suis né ici dans la misère et les cris” ('My mom was born over there, my dad was born over there [in the Caribbean] but I was born here [in a Parisian housing estate] amidst all the poverty and pain'). Hence, one principal role for his work is to underline the issues of contemporary society.

paragraph: Like many French rap artists, his works caused controversy; he was criticized for demeaning the status of women. Not all critics characterized him that way, though; one wrote, "Unjustly attacked for misogyny, he is in fact capable of encapsulating complex poetic emotion into the crude language of a ghetto love song such as 'Ma Salope a Moi' - 'My Slut'." He has also been criticized for promoting drug use, and dealing with other sensitive subjects (such as suicide in his song "Nirvana"). He stands apart, however, for rarely promoting violence in his works, something that had become a trademark for rap artists in France.

paragraph: He was part of a movement that popularized rap in the 1990s, along with groups such as IAM or Suprême NTM and took it to every home. His laid-back attitude, his style, as well as his appreciation, knowledge and involvement with popular or controversial subjects like football, sex or drugs all strongly contributed to his fame, particularly among France's adolescent population. Riding his popularity, his appearance in French television shows became regular, particularly at the start of the new century, using his appearance and style as a catalyst.

paragraph: Even though he appears as a womaniser, he does not promote violence in his videos. He disapproves of the acts of violence that occur in the projects. He says that the young people in the projects should not express themselves through violence because it will not improve their situation.

paragraph: Section::::Politics.

paragraph: Unlike many French rappers, he is close to politicians Nicolas Sarkozy showing them his support during their presidential campaigns.

paragraph: Other rappers have denounced Gynéco as a traitor, not least since his current politics contrast against an earlier stage in his career when he was critical of the French state. “Je kiffe quand les keufs cannent (I get a kick when cops croak it).” “France is a country of cops. There are a hundred on every street corner. To keep order, they get away with murder.”

paragraph: In 2001 he claimed to be close to the Socialist Party, but in 2006, he joined the Union for a Popular Movement and announced his support for Nicolas Sarkozy in a party meeting in Marseille.

paragraph: His support of Sarkozy has been controversial: Stomy Bugsy no longer considers Beausir a friend partly because of the support he offered to Sarkozy, and Beausir was booed off the stage in Geneva in August 2007.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Solo albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Première Consultation" (1996)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Doc Gynéco Présente Liaisons Dangeureuses" (1998)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Quality Street" (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Solitaire" (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Menu Best Of" (Compilation, 2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Un Homme Nature" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Doc Gynéco Enregistre Au Quartier" (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Peace Maker" (2008)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Common albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Secteur Ä Live À L'Olympia" (1998) - With Secteur Ä

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Double Pénétration" (2001, Cancelled) - With Stomy Bugsy

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:News, featurings and appearances on compilations.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1994

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1998

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007

description: French rapper

wikidata_label: Doc Gynéco

wikipedia_title: Doc Gynéco