text:
Cambridge
Cambridge
World War I
St. Bartholomew's Hospital
London
William Blake
William Harvey
John Neville Keynes
University of Cambridge
Florence Ada Brown
social reformer
John Maynard Keynes
Archibald Hill
Rugby School
Rupert Brooke
literary executor
Pembroke College, Cambridge
Natural Sciences Tripos
Pembroke College.
Royal College of Surgeons
World War I
Lieutenant
Royal Army Medical Corps
blood transfusion
Royal Air Force
World War II
air vice-marshal
St. Bartholomew's Hospital
Sir Thomas Dunhill
World War I
radical mastectomy
radium chloride
radical mastectomy
Bernard Fisher
lumpectomy
myasthenia gravis
Thymus Gland
English literature
bibliography
William Blake
biographies
Sir Thomas Browne
John Evelyn
Siegfried Sassoon
John Donne
Jane Austen
history of science
John Ray
William Harvey
Robert Hooke
James Tait Black Memorial Prize
autobiography
George Mallory
Virginia Woolf
George Howard Darwin
Charles Darwin
Harriet Frances Keynes
Richard Darwin Keynes
Quentin George Keynes
William Milo Keynes
Stephen John Keynes
The Grolier Club
William Pickering
Nonesuch Press
Nonesuch Press
Faber & Gwyer
Faber & Faber
Thomas Vicary
J. M. Keynes
Dr. Timothie Bright
Oxford University Press
The Book Collector
Francis Meynell
A. N. L. Munby
David Garnett
John Sparrow

categories: People educated at Rugby School,British bibliographers,Bibliophiles,People educated at St Faith's School,20th-century British writers,Royal Army Medical Corps officers,1982 deaths,British Army personnel of World War I,English book and manuscript collectors,Royal Air Force air marshals of World War II,Alumni of Pembroke College, Cambridge,Keynes family,English surgeons,James Tait Black Memorial Prize recipients,1887 births

paragraph: Geoffrey Keynes

paragraph: Sir Geoffrey Langdon Keynes ( ; 25 March 1887, Cambridge – 5 July 1982, Cambridge) was an English surgeon and author. He began his career as a medic in World War I, before becoming a doctor at St. Bartholomew's Hospital in London, where he made notable innovations in the fields of blood transfusion and breast cancer surgery. Keynes was also a publishing scholar and bibliographer of English literature and English medical history, focussing primarily on William Blake and William Harvey.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Geoffrey Keynes was born on 25 March 1887 in Cambridge, England. His father was John Neville Keynes, an economics lecturer at the University of Cambridge and his mother was Florence Ada Brown, a successful author and a social reformer. Geoffrey Keynes was the third child, after his older brother, the prominent economist John Maynard Keynes, and his sister Margaret, who married the Nobel Prize–winning physiologist Archibald Hill.

paragraph: He was educated at Rugby School, where he became friends with British Poet Rupert Brooke. He was appointed literary executor for the estate of Brooke's death in 1915.

paragraph: He graduated from Pembroke College, Cambridge, where he earned a first-class degree in the Natural Sciences Tripos. He was later made an honorary fellow of Pembroke College. Keynes then qualified for a scholarship to become a surgeon with the Royal College of Surgeons in London.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:First and Second World Wars.

paragraph: Geoffrey Keynes delayed his medical education in order to serve in World War I, where he served as a Lieutenant in the Royal Army Medical Corps and then worked as a consultant surgeon, becoming an expert in blood transfusion. His experience in the First World War led him to publish "Blood Transfusion", the first book on the subject written by a British author. Keynes also founded the London Blood Transfusion Service with P. L. Oliver. Keynes was deeply affected by the brutality and gore that he witnessed in the field, which may have influenced his dislike for radical surgery later in his career.

paragraph: Keynes enlisted to be a consulting surgeon to the Royal Air Force at the outbreak of World War II. In 1944 he was promoted to the rank of acting air vice-marshal.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Medical career.

paragraph: Keynes began working full-time at St. Bartholomew's Hospital in London, where he worked under George Gask and Sir Thomas Dunhill, after returning from World War I. Keynes used his influence as an assistant surgeon to advocate for limited surgery instead of the invasive radical mastectomy. Frustrated with the mortality rate and gruesomeness of the radical mastectomy, Keynes experimented by inserting fifty milligrams of radium in a patient's tumor. He later observed that, "The ulcer rapidly healed ... and the whole mass became smaller, softer and less fixed."

paragraph: Keynes pursued his new idea through a number of trials, observing the effectiveness of injecting radium chloride into breast cancer tumors compared with the effectiveness of the radical mastectomy. The promising results of these trials led Keynes to be cautiously optimistic, writing in 1927 that the "extension of [an] operation beyond a local removal might sometimes be unnecessary." Keynes' outlook was considered a radical break from the medical consensus at the time. Keynes wrote in his autobiography that his work with radium "was regarded with some interest by American surgeons," but that the concept of a limited mastectomy failed to gain significant traction in the medical community at the time. His doubts regarding the radical mastectomy were vindicated some fifty years later, when innovators like Bernard Fisher and others revisited his data and pursued what became known as a lumpectomy. Limited surgeries, like the lumpectomy, accompanied by radiation are now the status quo in breast cancer treatment.

paragraph: Keynes also a pioneer in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. Much like with breast cancer, the medical community knew very little about how to treat the disease at the time. Keynes pioneered the removal of the Thymus Gland, which is now the norm in treatment of myasthenia gravis.

paragraph: Keynes was knighted for his work in the field of medicine in 1955.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Literary work.

paragraph: Keynes maintained a passionate interest in English literature all his life and devoted a large amount of his time to literary scholarship and the science of bibliography. He was a leading authority on the literary and artistic work of William Blake. He also produced biographies and bibliographies of English writers such as Sir Thomas Browne, John Evelyn, Siegfried Sassoon, John Donne and Jane Austen. He was also a pioneer in the history of science, with studies of John Ray, William Harvey and Robert Hooke. His biography "The Life of William Harvey" was awarded the 1966 James Tait Black Memorial Prize. Keynes also collected books, with a personal library with around four thousand works.

paragraph: His autobiography "The Gates of Memory" was published in 1981, and he died the following year, aged 95. "The Gates of Memory" includes anecdotes of Keynes' numerous run-ins and friendships with other famous public figures. For example, Keynes often went climbing with George Mallory, the renowned British mountaineer; he also once performed life-saving treatment on Virginia Woolf after the budding author overdosed on pills.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: On 12 May 1917 Keynes married Margaret Elizabeth Darwin, the daughter of Sir George Howard Darwin and granddaughter of Charles Darwin. They had one daughter and four sons:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Harriet Frances Keynes (1918–1918)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richard Darwin Keynes (1919–2010)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Quentin George Keynes (1921–2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- William Milo Keynes (1924–2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Stephen John Keynes (1927–2017)

paragraph: Keynes dedicated his life to his work, but was also very sociable and had no problem making friends. He took pride in never having been drunk, and was known by most as an affable, well-mannered man.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Geoffrey Keynes' contributions profoundly influenced the fields of surgery and English literature. He pioneered limited breast cancer surgery accompanied by radiation, a strategy that has endured the test of time. His work on William Blake had an even larger impact, as Keynes "was instrumental in establishing Blake as a central figure in the history of English art and literature."

paragraph: A library of his scholarly works, notes, and correspondences is now located at the University of Cambridge.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Bibliography of Dr. John Donne" (1914, 1932, 1958, 1973)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Bibliography of William Blake" (The Grolier Club, New York, 1921)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blood Transfusion" (H. Frowde, London, 1922)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "William Pickering, Publisher: A Memoir and a Hand-List of his Editions" (The Fleuron, 1924)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jane Austen: a Bibliography" (Nonesuch Press, 1929)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Selected Essays of William Hazlitt 1778 : 1830" (Nonesuch Press, 1930)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Works of Sir Thomas Browne: Miscellany Tracts, Repertorium, Miscellaneous Writings" (Faber & Gwyer 1931)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Works of Thomas Browne: Letters" (Faber & Faber, 1931)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "John Evelyn: a Study in Bibliophily & a Bibliography of his Writings" (Cambridge, 1937)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Faber Gallery Series: Blake" (Faber and Faber, 1945)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Poetical Works of Rupert Brooke" (Faber & Faber, 1946)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Poetry and Prose of William Blake" (Nonesuch Press, 1948)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Portraiture of William Harvey", London 1949. With a Catalogue and Reproductions of the Pictures. The Thomas Vicary Lecture 1948.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Personality of William Harvey" (Cambridge University Press: 1949)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "William Blake's Engravings", edited with an introduction (Faber and Faber, (1950)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "William Blake, 1757–1827" (1949) 1946 ? Blake (1953)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Tempera Paintings of William Blake" (1951)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Apologie and Treatise of Ambroise Containing the Voyages Made Into Divers Places with Many of His Writings Upon Surgery" (1951)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Samuel Butler's Note-Books", selections (1951) with Brian Hill

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Poems of Rupert Brooke" (1954)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Bibliography of Rupert Brooke" (1954) Hart-Davis, The Soho Bibliographies, No.4)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Harvey Though John Aubrey's Eyes" (1958)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Bibliography of Dr. Robert Hooke" (1960)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Essays in Biography" 1961 by J. M. Keynes, editor

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dr. Timothie Bright 1550—1615. A Survey of his Life with a Bibliography of his Writings" (1962)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Study of the Illuminated Books of William Blake: Poet, Printer, Prophet" (1964)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "An Exhibition of the Illuminated Books of William Blake: Poet — Printer — Prophet" (1964) with Lessing J. Rosenwald

paragraph: BULLET::::- "On Editing Blake" (1964)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blake". The Masters 6 (1965)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Blake: Complete Writings with Variant Readings", editor, Oxford University Press, 1966 (UK-Paperback, Revised).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "William Blake. Songs of Innocence and of Experience", editor, with Introduction and Commentary. London: Oxford University Press (1967)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Henry James in Cambridge" (1967)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sir Thomas Browne, Selected Writings" (1968)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Letters of Rupert Brooke" (1968)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "William Blake Engraver" (1969)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "William Pickering, Publisher: A Memoir and a Check-List of his Publications" (London, Galahad Press, 1969; New York, Burt Franklin, 1969)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Drawings of William Blake: 92 Pencil Studies". Selection, Introduction and Commentary, Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1970

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Bibliography of Sir William Petty F.R.S. and of 'Observations on the Bills of Mortality' by John Graunt F.R.S." Oxford : Clarendon Press (1971)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "William Blake's Water-Colours Illustrating the Poems of Thomas Gray" (1972)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Deaths Duell by John Donne" (1973)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Marriage of Heaven and Hell" (1975)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Gates of Memory" (1981) Keynes, Geoffrey and Davidson, Peter (Eds.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Watch of Nightingales" (Stourton Press, 1981)

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Geoffrey Keynes: "The gates of memory". Oxford : Oxford University Press;

paragraph: BULLET::::- "To Geoffrey Keynes: Articles from the "Book Collector" to Commemorate His Eighty-Fifth Birthday" (The Book Collector, 1972, ) with Francis Meynell, A. N. L. Munby, David Garnett, John Sparrow

description: English surgeon and bibliophile

wikidata_label: Geoffrey Keynes

wikipedia_title: Geoffrey Keynes


text: DL

text: Scottish peer

text: Conservative

text: Clan Scrymgeour

text: Eton College

text: University of St Andrews

text: Conservative

text: Hamilton by-election in 1978

text: House of Lords

text: Lord-in-waiting

text: whip

text: hereditary peer

text: Council of Europe

text: Western European parliament

text: Croatia

text: Edinburgh

text: Order of Prince Branimir

text: DFID

text: Henry David Scrymgeour-Wedderburn

text: Viscount Dudhope

text: Pedigree at Genealogics

categories: People educated at Eton College,1949 births,Conservative Party (UK) Baronesses- and Lords-in-Waiting,Deputy Lieutenants of Fife,Alumni of the University of St Andrews,Living people,Earls of Dundee,Pages of Honour

paragraph: Alexander Henry Scrymgeour, 12th Earl of Dundee, DL (born 5 June 1949) is a Scottish peer, Conservative politician and Chief of the Clan Scrymgeour.

paragraph: Born on 5 June 1949 Dundee is the son of Henry Scrymgeour-Wedderburn, 11th Earl of Dundee, and Patricia Montagu Douglas Scott. He was educated at Eton College and the University of St Andrews. He is a Page of Honour to Queen Elizabeth II.

paragraph: Lord Scrymgeour's first active experience as a Conservative politician was as the party's candidate in the Hamilton by-election in 1978. He has sat in the House of Lords since his father's death in 1983, and served as a Lord-in-waiting (Conservative Party whip in the House of Lords) from 1986 to 1989. He served as Government Spokesperson for Education (1986–88), Government Spokesperson for Scottish Affairs (1986–89), Government Spokesperson for Home Affairs and for Energy from (1987–89). He was made an elected hereditary peer (as Earl of Dundee) in 1999.

paragraph: He has served as the UK delegate to the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe from 1992 to 1997. He was also a Member of the Council of Europe parliament and the Western European parliament from 1992 to 1999. The Earl is honorary consul for Croatia in Edinburgh, and is decorated with the Order of Prince Branimir. The Dundee Trust works on the Dalmatian coast in Croatia on behalf of DFID to distribute humanitarian aid to some of the poorest people in the Balkans.

paragraph: A farmer of thirty years' experience, Lord Dundee's Farming Company manages some 20,000 acres over the counties of Fife and Angus. Dundee has sat in the House since 1983 where he has exercised his privileges on a number of agriculture and environmental standing committees. Most recently his interests have turned to health questions.

paragraph: Lord Dundee is also the Hereditary Royal Standard Bearer of Scotland, Constable of Dundee, and Chief of the Name and Arms of Scrymgeour. He is a member of the New Club, Edinburgh and Whites in London.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Lord Dundee married Siobhan Mary (died 11 March 2019), daughter of David Llewellyn of 41 Cleveland Square, London and Great Somerford, Wiltshire, on 19 July 1979. They have four children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Marina Patricia Scrymgeour (born 21 August 1980) She married Philip E. Thompson in 2004 and has a son.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hon. Henry David Scrymgeour-Wedderburn, Viscount Dudhope (born 20 June 1982). He married Belgian artist Eloise Van Der Heyden in 2005 and has a son.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Flora Hermione Vera Scrymgeour (born 3 November 1985). She was educated at St Mary's Calne, where she achieved 8 A levels. She went on to study art in the United States, and became an art therapist. She was part of the Casiraghis' (children of Princess Caroline of Monaco) social circles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Lavinia Rebecca Elizabeth Scrymgeour (born 1986). She was engaged as of 16 December 2010 to Dominic McCann, son of Peter McCann. She was then a riding instructor, and McCann ran a private hospital for addicts. She was educated at Ampleforth.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexander Scrymgeour, 12th Earl of Dundee

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pedigree at Genealogics

description: British peer


text:
Austin, Texas
Bandcamp
Mom + Pop Music
Primitives
Primitives
Drastic Measures
I Know

categories: Musicians from Austin, Texas,Living people

paragraph: Bayonne (musician)

paragraph: Roger Sellers, also known by his stage name Bayonne, is an American minimalist composer and electronic musician based in Austin, Texas, United States. After releasing three albums under his own name, Sellers changed his moniker to Bayonne, with the re-release of his most recent work, "Primitives", on Mom + Pop/City Slang in 2016. Bayonne is known for creating and layering intricate loops as well as his engaging one-man live performances.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Releases.

paragraph: "Roger Sellers," his first album as a solo artist, and 2012's "8 Songs", were self-released through Bandcamp. "Moments", Sellers' 2011 release, was released via Pau Wau Records. In 2014, Sellers released "Primitives" via Punctum Records, which would later be reissued by Mom + Pop Music in 2016. In November 2018, Bayonne and his record label announced via social media the upcoming release of "Drastic Measures", his sophomore LP, released on February 22, 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: as Roger Sellers

paragraph: Studio albums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Moments" (2011, Pau Wau Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "8 Songs" (2012, self-released)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Primitives" (2014, Punctum Records)

paragraph: as Bayonne

paragraph: Studio albums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Primitives" (2016, re-issue on Mom + Pop Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Drastic Measures" (2019, Mom + Pop Records)

paragraph: EPs

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Know" (2018, Mom + Pop Records)

paragraph: Singles

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Spectrolite" (MP3, Mom + Pop, 2015)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Living Room" (MP3, Mom + Pop, 2016)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fallss" (MP3, Mom + Pop, 2017)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I Know" (MP3, Mom + Pop, 2017)

description: musician from Austin, Texas

wikidata_label: Bayonne

wikipedia_title: Bayonne (musician)


text:
soprano
U.S. state
Massachusetts
Charlestown, Boston
opera
Charles R. Adams
New England
Boston Philharmonic Orchestra
Anton Seidl
New York Orchestra
Lowell
Worchester
Reményi
South
West
Dublin, New Hampshire
Boston Dental College
Tufts College Dental School

categories: American operatic sopranos,American sopranos,People from Charlestown, Boston,1868 births,Year of death missing

paragraph: Alice May Bates Rice

paragraph: Alice May Bates Rice (born 14 September 1868 - after 1907) was a soprano singer, born in the U.S. state of Massachusetts.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Alice May Bates was born in Charlestown, Boston, Massachusetts. She was the daughter of Benjamin Franklin and Alice Perkins (Field) Bates. Her parents were both well known in the musical profession, and her ancestors on both sides were musical for a number of generations. Rice's father possessed a baritone voice and held positions in quartette choirs, musical societies and clubs in and around Boston, until a few years before his death, in 1886. Her mother was a teacher of music.

paragraph: Rice made her debut in Checkering Hall, Boston, in September, 1883. During her first season, she appeared in several operas, which Charles R. Adams, with whom she studied rendition, brought out, assuming the prima donna roles in "Martha," "Figaro," "Maritana," "La Sonnambula," "La Fille du Regiment," "Faust", and "Lucia di Lammermoor". She was the prima donna, subsequently, of the Maritana Opera Company and appeared with them for several seasons in New England and Canada. She sang in many concerts for the Boston Philharmonic Orchestra and for Anton Seidl's New York Orchestra. She held positions in quartette choirs in Lowell and Worchester, and in her own city, leaving a lucrative one for her recent tour with Reményi, with whom she traveled through the South and West for 150 concerts in seven months.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Alice May Bates married William Rice (born Dublin, New Hampshire, September 4, 1867), a dentist. He received his D.D.S. from the Boston Dental College, 1888; and D.M.D. in 1905, from Tufts College Dental School, of which he was Dean, in 1917. They had children, Priscilla Alden (1894-1901), and Persis Alden (born 1907).

description: American soprano singer

wikidata_label: Alice May Bates Rice

wikipedia_title: Alice May Bates Rice


text:
Warburton, Victoria
Savage Garden
Tal Bachman
Lifehouse
Matchbox Twenty
She's So High
Lifehouse
Sean Woolstenhulme
Rick Woolstenhulme
Halfway Gone
All In
Between the Raindrops

categories: People from Warburton, Victoria,Lifehouse (band) members,Savage Garden members,1975 births,Australian guitarists,Living people

paragraph: Ben Carey

paragraph: Ben Carey (born January 10, 1975, Warburton, Victoria, Australia) is an Australian guitarist. He played with bands such as Savage Garden, Tal Bachman, Lifehouse and Elvis Monroe, with members from bands such as Matchbox Twenty.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Between 1999 and 2000, Carey joined Savage Garden on their Affirmation World Tour as band guitarist, performing songs such as "I Knew I Loved You", "Affirmation" and "Crash & Burn".

paragraph: For a short period of time he played in the band Tal Bachman and is featured in the video for the hit single "She's So High".

paragraph: In 2004, Carey joined Lifehouse after the departure of Sean Woolstenhulme, brother of drummer Rick Woolstenhulme, Jr. In 2009, Lifehouse announced that Carey was an official member, stating he was "family to us". He featured in the band's videos "Broken", "Halfway Gone", "All In" and "Between the Raindrops" in 2012. In December 2014, the band announced that Carey would leave to focus on other projects, such as his band Elvis Monroe.

paragraph: Elvis Monroe released one single; "Blue Collar Man", which was the theme song for season 3 of TV show "Vegas Rat Rods".

description: Australian musician and guitarist

wikidata_label: Ben Carey

wikipedia_title: Ben Carey


text:
Regensburg
Munich
German
caricaturist
Munich
Munich Academy
Karl von Piloty
historical painting
caricature
Fliegende Blätter
Wilhelm Busch

categories: 1845 births,1923 deaths,German caricaturists,Academy of Fine Arts, Munich alumni

paragraph: Adolf Oberländer

paragraph: Adam Adolf Oberländer (1 October 1845, Regensburg29 May 1923, Munich) was a German caricaturist.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was born at Regensburg, but after 1847 lived in Munich. He studied painting at the Munich Academy under Karl von Piloty beginning in 1861, but found that historical painting did not suit his particular talent. He soon discovered that the true expression of his genius was in the field of caricature and comic drawings, revealed in a humorous cartoon published in 1863 in the "Fliegende Blätter".

paragraph: He joined the staff of the "Fliegende Blätter", to which he became a constant contributor and leading artist. Unlike Wilhelm Busch, whose aim was the utmost simplicity of line, and whose drawings form a running commentary on the caption, Oberländer's work is essentially pictorial, and expressive in itself, without the extraneous aid of the written line. Among his best drawings are his parodies on the style of well-known painters, such as the "Variations on the Kissing Theme". Other subjects are taken from mythology, fairy lore, fables, animal life and the customs and habits of the German middle class.

paragraph: His works were collected in the "Oberländer-Album", published by Braun and Schneider in Munich (1879–1901), and reprinted a number of times, most recently by Rosenheimer in 1982 (). He was also a painter of some note, and pictures of his are in the galleries of Munich, Berlin, Dresden and other cities of Germany and in private collections.

alias:
Adam Adolf Oberlander
Adolf Adam Oberländer
Adam Adolf Oberländer
professor adolf oberlander
professor adolf adam oberlander
ad. oberlander
Adolph oberlander
Ad. Oberlaender
A. Adolf Oberländer
adolf oberlaender
Adam Oberländer
A. Oberländer
a. oberlander
Adolf Adam Oberlander
adolf adam oberlander
Adolf oberlander
adam adolf oberlander

description: German caricaturist

wikidata_label: Adolf Oberländer

wikipedia_title: Adolf Oberländer


text: Canadian-American

text: applied mathematician

text: computer scientist

text: Multi-Configurational Hartree–Fock

text: calcium

text: ion

text: American Physical Society

text: Donetsk

text: Ukraine

text: Mennonite

text: Soviet

text: refugee camp

text: Chilliwack, British Columbia

text: University of British Columbia

text: Cambridge University

text: Paul Dirac

text: Douglas Hartree

text: Harvard College Observatory

text: Harvard

text: Alfred P. Sloan

text: Royal Physiographic Society in Lund

text: Lithuanian Academy of Sciences

text: Malmö University

text: Computer Physics Communications

text: Citation Classics Awards

text: beryllium

text: argon

text: isoelectronic

text: Vanderbilt University

text: NIST

text: Patrick C. Fischer

categories: Vanderbilt University faculty,University of British Columbia alumni,1929 births,Canadian people of German descent,Canadian women computer scientists,Canadian physicists,Place of birth missing (living people),Canadian expatriate academics in the United States,Academics in British Columbia,Canadian women scientists,University of British Columbia faculty,Fellows of the American Physical Society,Canadian women chemists,20th-century women scientists,Computational chemists,Canadian chemists,Members of the Royal Physiographic Society in Lund,Theoretical chemists,People from Chilliwack,Harvard University faculty,Living people,Canadian mathematicians,Sloan Research Fellows,Canadian computer scientists,Women mathematicians,Canadian women physicists

paragraph: Charlotte Froese Fischer

paragraph: Charlotte Froese Fischer (born 1929) is a Canadian-American applied mathematician and computer scientist who gained world recognition for the development and implementation of the Multi-Configurational Hartree–Fock (MCHF) approach to atomic-structure calculations and for her theoretical prediction concerning the existence of the negative calcium ion. For this last accomplishment, she was elected to grade of Fellow of the American Physical Society.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Charlotte Froese was born on September 21, 1929, in the village of Pravdivka (formerly Nikolayevka), in the Donetsk region, in the present-day Ukraine, to parents of Mennonite descent. Her parents immigrated to Germany in 1929 on the last train allowed to cross the border before its closure by Soviet authorities. After a few months in a refugee camp, her family was allowed to immigrate to Canada, where they eventually established themselves in Chilliwack, British Columbia.

paragraph: Section::::Education and research.

paragraph: She obtained both a B.A. degree, with honors, in Mathematics and Chemistry and an M.A. degree in Applied Mathematics from the University of British Columbia in 1952 and 1954, respectively. She then obtained her Ph.D. in Applied Mathematics and Computing at Cambridge University in 1957, pursuing coursework in quantum theory with Paul Dirac. She worked under the supervision of Douglas Hartree, whom she assisted in programming the Electronic Delay Storage Automatic Calculator (EDSAC) for atomic-structure calculations.

paragraph: She served on the mathematics faculty of the University of British Columbia from 1957 till 1968, where she introduced numerical analysis and computer courses into the curriculum and was instrumental in the formation of the Computer Science Department.

paragraph: Froese Fischer spent 1963-64 at the Harvard College Observatory, where she extended her research on atomic-structure calculations. While at Harvard, she was the first woman-scientist to be awarded an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship. In 1991 she became a Fellow of the American Physical Society, in part for her contribution to the discovery of negative calcium. In 1995 she was elected a member of the Royal Physiographic Society in Lund, in 2004 a foreign member of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences, and in 2015 she was awarded an Honorary Doctorate in Technology from Malmö University, Sweden.

paragraph: Section::::Contributions.

paragraph: She is the author of over 300 research articles on computational atomic theory, many of which have had far-reaching impact in the area of atomic-structure calculations. The early version of the MCHF program, published in the first volume of Computer Physics Communications received two Citation Classics Awards in 1987. One of her largest efforts in the field is the recent calculation of the complete lower spectra of the beryllium-like to argon-like isoelectronic sequences, amounting to the publication of data covering 400 journal pages and a total of over 150 ions.

paragraph: She is currently an emerita research professor of computer science at Vanderbilt University and a guest scientist of the Atomic Spectroscopy Laboratory at NIST. She is the widow of Patrick C. Fischer, himself a noted computer scientist and former professor at Vanderbilt.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Personal web page, includes all her scientific work: results, publications, software, etc...

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reminiscences at the end of the century: Biography of herself and a short biography of Douglas Hartree

paragraph: BULLET::::- Page of Charlotte Froese Fischer on the NIST website

wikidata_label: Charlotte Froese Fischer

wikipedia_title: Charlotte Froese Fischer


text:
Duke of Athens
Hugh of Brienne
Isabella de la Roche
Kingdom of Naples
Peloponnese
Augusta
Aragonese
Roger of Lauria
County of Brienne
Counties of Lecce
Conversano
Treaty of Caltabellotta
Joanna of Châtillon
Guy II, Duke of Athens
Eschiva of Ibelin
John II Doukas
Thessaly
Byzantine Empire
Despotate of Epirus
Catalan Company
Frankish Greece
Battle of Halmyros
Hugh of Antioch-Lusignan
Guy I, Duke of Athens
War of the Sicilian Vespers
Charles II of Naples
Battle of the Counts
Catalan
Brindisi
Robert, Duke of Calabria
Catania
Gagliano Castelferrato
Treaty of Caltabellotta
Constable of France
Alice de la Roche
Gaucher V de Châtillon
Glarentza
Byzantine Emperor
Andronikos II Palaiologos
Epirus
Anna Palaiologina Kantakouzene
almogàvers
Achaea
Cephissus
Jeanne de Châtillon
Walter VI of Brienne
Isabella of Brienne
Gautier III, seigneur d'Enghien

categories: Counts of Lecce,Counts of Brienne,1270s births,14th-century rulers in Europe,1311 deaths,Dukes of Athens,French people of Cypriot descent,House of Brienne,13th-century French people,Lords of Argos and Nauplia,Monarchs killed in action

paragraph: Walter V, Count of Brienne

paragraph: Walter V of Brienne (; – 15 March 1311) was Duke of Athens from 1308 until his death. Being the only son of Hugh of Brienne and Isabella de la Roche, Walter was the sole heir to large estates in France, the Kingdom of Naples and the Peloponnese. He was held in custody in the Sicilian castle of Augusta between 1287 and 1296 or 1297 to secure the payment of his father's ransom to the Aragonese admiral, Roger of Lauria. When his father died fighting against Lauria in 1296, Walter inherited the County of Brienne in France, and the Counties of Lecce and Conversano in southern Italy. He was released, but he was captured during a Neapolitan invasion of Sicily in 1299. His second captivity lasted until the Treaty of Caltabellotta in 1302.

paragraph: Walter settled in France and married Joanna of Châtillon. After his cousin, Guy II, Duke of Athens, died childless in 1308, Walter laid claim to his inheritance. Their cousin, Eschiva of Ibelin, also claimed the duchy, but the High Court of Achaea passed a judgement in Walter's favor. Walter came to Athens in 1309. John II Doukas, the Greek Lord of Thessaly, made an alliance against him with the Byzantine Empire and the Despotate of Epirus. Walter hired the Catalan Company, a group of mercenaries, to invade Thessaly. The Catalans defeated John II, but Walter refused to pay their wages. After the Catalans rose up in open rebellion, Walter assembled a large army from Frankish Greece, but the Catalans inflicted a crushing defeat on the Franks in the Battle of Halmyros. Walter died in the battlefield and the Catalans occupied the Duchy of Athens.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Born around 1275, Walter was the only son of Hugh of Brienne and Isabella de la Roche. Hugh held important fiefs both in France (the County of Brienne), and in southern Italy (the Counties of Lecce and Conversano). He had also claimed Cyprus, but the Cypriots elected his cousin, Hugh of Antioch-Lusignan. Isabella de la Rochethe younger daughter of Guy I, Duke of Athensbrought Peloponnese estates into the marriage. She died in 1279.

paragraph: Historian Guy Perry describes Walter as a "veritable child" of the War of the Sicilian Vespers. His father who was a military commander of King Charles II of Naples fell into captivity in the Battle of the Counts on 23 June 1287. Hugh was released only after he ceded Walter as a hostage to the Aragonese admiral, Roger of Lauria to guarantee the payment of his ransom. Walter was kept in the fortress at Augusta for years. He most probably learnt Catalan and became familiar with the Aragonese customs during the years of his captivity.

paragraph: Walter was still held in custody when his father died fighting against Lauria at Brindisi in the summer of 1296. King Charles II ordered Hugh's southern Italian vassals to swear fealty to Walter on 27 August. After being released, Walter went to France and took possession of his father's French domains. He was invested with the County of Brienne before May 1297.

paragraph: Section::::Warlike aristocrat.

paragraph: Seeking revenge for his father's death, Walter made an alliance with two French noblemen whose fathers had also been murdered in Italy. They hired 300 horsemen, who were known as the "Knights of Death", and joined the army that Charles II's heir, Robert, Duke of Calabria, had mustered to invade Sicily. Robert and his troops landed at Catania and occupied the town. Before long, rumours reached the Neapolitan camp, hinting that the castellan of Gagliano Castelferrato was willing to capitulate without resistance. Robert dispatched Walter and his retainers to the fortress to start negotiations with the castellan. The rumours proved false, deliberately spread to trap Neapolitan troops. After realizing the situation, Walter refused to flee and did battle against the Aragonese troops, but he was soon forced to surrender. Charles II appointed Philip of Toucy to administer Walter's southern Italian domains during his captivity. After the Treaty of Caltabellotta was signed in 1302, Walter was released and he went to France before June 1303. His subsequent marriage to Joanna of Châtillon, who was the daughter of the Constable of France, strengthened his position in France.

paragraph: Section::::Duke of Athens.

paragraph: Guy II, Duke of Athens died childless on 5 October 1308. His two cousins, Walter and Eschiva of Ibelin, laid claim to the duchy. Eschiva was the daughter of Alice de la Roche, who was the elder sister of Walter's mother, but the High Court of Achaea ruled in Walter's favor, saying that the male claimant was to be preferred against a female if two relatives of equal degree claimed an inheritance. Before departing for Athens, Walter appointed his father-in-law, Gaucher V de Châtillon, to administer the County of Brienne.

paragraph: Walter landed at Glarentza in Achaea in the summer of 1309. By the time he reached Athens, John II Doukas, Lord of Thessaly, had got rid of Athenian suzerainty. The Byzantine Emperor Andronikos II Palaiologos, and the actual ruler of Epirus, Anna Palaiologina Kantakouzene, supported John II, forcing Walter to seek external assistance. The Catalan Companya group of unemployed mercenarieshad made regular raids against Thessaly since 1305. Walter hired the Catalans and their Turkish allies to fight against the Greek rulers. The mercenaries invaded Thessaly and occupied important fortresses. After six months, John II was forced to sue for peace.

paragraph: Walter owed the mercenaries four months' salaries, but he did not want to pay the arrears. He selected 200 horsemen and 300 "almogàvers" (or foot soldiers) from among the Catalans and promised only to them to pay their wages. He also offered fiefs to them and ordered all other Catalans to leave the duchy. The dismissed mercenaries refused to move and requested Walter to allow them to settle in the newly conquered lands as his vassals. Walter did not trust the Catalans and threatened them with capital punishment if they did not obey his commands. Having nowhere else to go, the disbanded mercenaries rose up in open rebellion. The 500 Catalan mercenaries whom Walter had just hired joined their compatriots, forcing Walter to seek assistance from Achaea and other parts of Frankish Greece.

paragraph: Walter's army met the Catalans in a marshy plain on the river Cephissus on 15 March 1311. The Catalans were willing to make peace, but Walter was determined to get rid of them. At the ensuing Battle of Halmyros, the Catalans won a devastating victory, killing Walter and almost all of his cavalry. The Catalans occupied the Duchy of Athens, but Walter's son who was taken to Italy after the Catalans' victory made unsuccessful attempts to regain it in the following decades. A Turkish soldier decapitated Walter's corpse and took his head in triumph from the battlefield. His son seized Walter's severed head and buried it in Lecce, most probably in the church of Sant'Oronzo in 1348.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: In the year 1306 he married Jeanne de Châtillon and had two children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Walter VI of Brienne (1302–1356), his successor as Count of Lecce and Conversano, as well as the titular Duke of Athens

paragraph: BULLET::::- Isabella of Brienne (died 1360), married Gautier III, seigneur d'Enghien and claimed her brother's title to Lecce and Conversano on his death.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Chronicle of Ramón Muntaner", translated into English by Lady Goodenough http://www.yorku.ca/inpar/muntaner_goodenough.pdf

wikidata_label: Gautier V, Count of Brienne

wikipedia_title: Walter V, Count of Brienne


text:
Duke of Bohemia
Vratislaus II of Bohemia
Svatava
Casimir I of Poland
Svatopluk
Bořivoj II
Bolesław III Wrymouth
Soběslav
Moravia
Znojmo
Holy Roman Empire
Austria
Henry V
Italian expedition
Richeza of Berg
Vladislav II of Bohemia
King of Bohemia
Děpold I of Jamnitz
Bretislav
Battle of Olšava

categories: 1065 births,Czech Roman Catholics,Czech people of Polish descent,Roman Catholic monarchs,1125 deaths,Dukes of Bohemia,11th-century Bohemian people

paragraph: Vladislaus I, Duke of Bohemia

paragraph: Vladislaus I () (c. 1065 – 12 April 1125) was Duke of Bohemia from 1109 to 1117 and from 1120 until his death.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Vladislav I was a son of Vratislaus II of Bohemia by his second wife Svatava, a daughter of Casimir I of Poland. Together with his cousin Svatopluk, Vladislav expelled his brother Bořivoj II from Bohemia in 1107. In 1109, Svatopluk was killed during a campaign in Poland, and Vladislav I succeeded him as Duke of Bohemia. Bořivoj II returned from exile with the support of Prince Bolesław III Wrymouth of Poland, but was defeated and imprisoned by Vladislav in 1110.

paragraph: In spite of his victory, Vladislav I remained under Polish pressure and was forced to recognize a younger brother, Soběslav, as subordinate ruler of Moravia in Znojmo. In 1117, Vladislav I formally abdicated in favor of Bořivoj II, but retained much of the actual power. In 1120, Bořivoj was deposed again and endowed with Znojmo, while Vladislav resumed the throne, which he held until his death in 1125.

paragraph: Vladislav I ruled in a difficult time with considerable success. Although he continued to acknowledge the suzerainty of the Holy Roman Empire, he weathered the interventions of Poland into Bohemian affairs, conflicts with his kinsmen in Moravia, and undertook offensive campaigns against both Poland and Austria. In 1110–11, Vladislav accompanied Emperor Henry V on his Italian expedition, and he encouraged continued German settlement into Bohemia's border regions.

paragraph: Section::::Abbey Kladruby.

paragraph: In 1115, the Benedictine abbey of Kladruby, west of Pilsen, was established, with Vladislav endowing the abbey with 25 manors and the lordship of Zbraslav. Although by 1117, he had enlarged the abbey with six monks and six lay brethren.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: By his wife Richeza of Berg (died 27 September 1125), daughter of Count Henry I of Berg. They had:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Svatava

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vladislav II of Bohemia (c. 1110 – 18 January 1174), King of Bohemia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Děpold I of Jamnitz (died August 1167)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jindřich (Henry) (d. after 1169), married to Margaret. His son Bretislav became bishop of Prague and later duke of Bohemia as Bretislav III.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Battle of Olšava

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

description: Duke of Bohemia

wikidata_label: Vladislaus I

wikipedia_title: Vladislaus I, Duke of Bohemia


text:
Bretislaus I
Judith of Schweinfurt
King of Bohemia
Henry IV
Olomouc
Hungary
Pope Alexander II
Pope Gregory VII
Investiture Controversy
pope
Saxony
Jaromír
Prague
Magnus of Saxony
Otto of Nordheim
Duke of Bavaria
Saxon revolt
First Battle of Langensalza
wars
anti-king
Battle of Flarchheim
Rudolf of Rheinfelden
Duke of Swabia
Rome
Slavonic
liturgy
antipope
Clement III
Meissen
Lusatia
Egbert II of Meissen
Henry of Ostmark
Přemyslid
Conrad
Otto
Brno
diocese of Olomouc
Archbishopric of Mainz
reichstag
Mainz
Rome
Pope Urban II
Bretislaus
Vyšehrad
Bishop Jaromír of Prague
Bishopric of Olomouc
Vyšehrad Chapter
Holy See
Holy Roman Empire
Bretislaus
Judith of Schweinfurt
childbirth
Adelaide
Andrew I of Hungary
Judith
Ladislaus I Herman
Casimir I of Poland
Bretislaus II of Bohemia
Duke of Bohemia
Swatawa of Poland
Casimir I of Poland
Bořivoj II of Bohemia
Vladislaus I of Bohemia
Soběslav I of Bohemia
Groitzsch
Vratislav Vaníček
Hans Patze
Pegauer Annalen
Percy Ernst Schramm
J. Fleckenstein

categories: 11th-century births,Roman Catholic monarchs,Dukes of Bohemia

paragraph: Vratislaus II of Bohemia

paragraph: Vratislaus (or Wratislaus) II () (d. 14 January 1092), the son of Bretislaus I and Judith of Schweinfurt, was the first King of Bohemia as of 15 June 1085, his royal title granted as a lifetime honorific from Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV that did not establish a hereditary monarchy. Before his elevation to the royal dignity, Vratislaus had ruled Bohemia as duke since 1061.

paragraph: On his father's death in 1055, Vratislaus became duke of Olomouc, whereas his older brother became Duke of Bohemia as Spytihněv II. He fell out with his brother and was exiled to Hungary. Vratislaus regained the ducal throne of Olomouc with Hungarian assistance and eventually reconciled with his brother, then succeeded him as duke of Bohemia when he died in 1061.

paragraph: Section::::Campaigns of Henry IV.

paragraph: Both Pope Alexander II and Pope Gregory VII confirmed Vratislaus in the privilege of wearing the mitre and tunic which his predecessors had. Despite this, Vratislaus supported Henry in both the Investiture Controversy against the popes and the rebellions in Saxony that dominated his long reign. These actions would negate the significance of the mitre.

paragraph: Vratislaus was often at odds with his brother Jaromír, the bishop of Prague. Jaromír, for his part, ignored the creation of a new Moravian diocese in Olomouc by Vratislaus in 1063. Jaromir even went so far as to retake, by arms, the relics removed from Prague and taken to Moravia. Despite the pope's support for Vratislaus' new see, the Bohemian duke was unswayed in his loyalty to the emperor.

paragraph: The Saxons revolted under Duke Magnus of Saxony and Otto of Nordheim, Duke of Bavaria, in 1070 and Boleslaus of Poland attacked Bohemia in 1071. In August 1073, Henry responded with an invasion of Poland, but a new Saxon revolt drew him back in 1075. Vratislaus joined him, and they defeated the rebels on 9 June at the First Battle of Langensalza. The Bohemian troops showed conspicuous bravery. Henry then took Jaromír to Germany to be his chancellor under the name of Gebhard and Vratislaus was greatly relieved.

paragraph: Vratislaus also took part in the wars against the anti-kings who opposed Henry's rule and were elected by a faction of the nobility to replace him. At the Battle of Flarchheim, only through the aid of Vratislaus' contingent was the imperial army capable of overcoming the rebels of the papally-approved claimant Rudolf of Rheinfelden, Duke of Swabia. Vratislaus even succeeded in seizing Rudolf's golden lance. The golden lance was then carried in front of Vratislaus on state occasions.

paragraph: Section::::Relations with the papacy.

paragraph: Vratislaus raised an army to serve in Henry's Italian campaign of 1081. In 1083, Vratislaus and his Bohemians were with Henry when they entered Rome itself.

paragraph: Despite his serving an excommunicated emperor, Vratislaus maintained good relations with the papacy. Nonetheless, Gregory refused to grant Vratislaus permission to use the Slavonic liturgy. Never, however, did Vratislaus link his fate with that of Henry's antipope, Clement III.

paragraph: Section::::Expansionism.

paragraph: Vratislaus coveted the largely Slavic marches of Meissen and Lusatia, but, in spite of Henry's promises and Bohemian successes against the rebellious margraves, he never received them. He held Lower Lusatia between 1075 and 1086, but in 1088, with the insurrection of Egbert II of Meissen, Henry granted the region to Henry of Ostmark. Vratislaus was thereafter cool to Henry's military adventures. He never wavered in his loyalty, but he abstained from giving the emperor martial aid.

paragraph: Section::::Internal affairs.

paragraph: It was a Přemyslid tradition that Moravia would be entrusted to the younger brothers of the ruling prince. In Vratislaus' case, his two younger brothers Conrad and Otto inherited Brno and Olomouc and the youngest, Jaromír, entered the church. However, enmity grew between the brothers. It was then that Vratislaus founded the diocese of Olmütz (diocese of Olomouc), under the Archbishopric of Mainz, to counter Otto's authority within his province. Both pope and emperor took a hand in mediating the conflict, which was partially fixed with Henry's appointment of Jaromír as chancellor in 1077. In April 1085, a "reichstag" convened in Mainz suppressed the Moravian see, but Vratislaus later re-founded see. Jaromír protested in Rome to Pope Urban II, but died in 1090 before a pope ruled on the matter.

paragraph: Sadly for Vratislaus, his last years were occupied by dynastic quarrelling. When his brother Otto died in 1086, he gave Olomouc to his son Boleslaus, which was seen to be an act against the interests of Conrad. Vratislaus raised an army against Conrad and sent it out under his other son Bretislaus. This son turned on him. Vratislaus, in keeping with Bohemian custom, designated an heir: Conrad. Thus reconciled, the two attacked Bretislaus, who fled to Hungary.

paragraph: Vratislaus died of a hunting wound on 14 January 1092 after a reign of thirty years. He was buried in St. Peter and Paul′s Church, Vyšehrad.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Vratislaus frequently found himself in conflict with Bishop Jaromír of Prague and sought means to diminish the importance of the Bishop of Prague in domestic Bohemian politics. Among the actions he took were the re-establishment of the Bishopric of Olomouc in 1063 and the creation of the Vyšehrad Chapter in 1070. The latter was richly endowed independently of the Prague bishop, subject instead to the Holy See directly. His success in curbing the power of the Prague bishop helped to strengthen the Bohemian crown and enable later rulers to govern a more unified state. His policy towards the Holy Roman Empire set an example that would be followed in the twelfth century and would ultimately lead to the permanent elevation of Bohemia to the status of a kingdom at the beginning of the thirteenth century. The marriage alliances he was able to conclude with notable foreign princesses reflected the rising position of the Přemyslids among European dynasties. In contrast, Vratislaus's father Bretislaus in 1019 had to abduct his wife, the minor noblewoman Judith of Schweinfurt, to secure any suitable consort at all. His successor continued to cultivate dynastic bonds with notable courts in central and eastern Europe.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Vratislaus was married three times. His first wife Maria died during premature childbirth. He married the second time in 1057 to Adelaide, daughter of Andrew I of Hungary, who died in 1061. They had four children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vratislaus (-1061)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Judith (1056/58-1086), married to Ladislaus I Herman, son of Casimir I of Poland

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ludmila (-after 1100)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bretislaus II of Bohemia (c. 1060–December 22, 1100), Duke of Bohemia

paragraph: In 1062, Vratislaus married a third time to Swatawa of Poland, a daughter of Casimir I of Poland. They had five children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Boleslaus (-1091)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bořivoj II of Bohemia (c. 1064-February 2, 1124), Duke of Bohemia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vladislaus I of Bohemia (-April 12, 1125), Duke of Bohemia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Soběslav I of Bohemia (-February 14, 1140), Duke of Bohemia

paragraph: BULLET::::- Judith (c. 1066-9 December 1108), married to Wiprecht II of Groitzsch

paragraph: Section::::Literature.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vratislav Vaníček: "Vratislav II. (I.). První český král". Vyšehrad 2004,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hans Patze: "Die Pegauer Annalen, die Königserhebung Wratislaws v. Böhmen und die Anfänge der Stadt Pegau." JGMODtl 12, 1963, 1-62

paragraph: BULLET::::- Percy Ernst Schramm: "Böhmen und das Regnum: Die Verleihung der Königswürde an die Herzöge von Böhmen (1085/86,1158,1198/1203) (Adel und Kirche. G. Tellenbach z. 65. Geb." Hrsg. J. Fleckenstein-K. Schmid, 1968), 346-364.

description: Duke and king of Bohemia

wikidata_label: Vratislaus II of Bohemia

wikipedia_title: Vratislaus II of Bohemia


text: Charleston, South Carolina

text: planter

text: Carolinas

text: Crail

text: Fife

text: South Carolina

text: Campbell

text: Charleston Medical College

text: Göttingen University

text: Coffin Point Plantation

text: John Lothrop Motley

text: German Chancellor

text: Otto von Bismarck

text: Corps Hannovera Göttingen

text: German Student Corps

text: academic fencing

text: M.D.

text: Georgia

text: Flat Rock

text: North Carolina

text: Henderson County

text: Library of Congress

text: Otto-von-Bismarck-Stiftung

text: Friedrichsruh

text: Hamburg

text: German Empire

text: Presidential libraries

text: University of North Carolina

text: Mitchell King Papers, 1801–1862

text: Internet Archive

categories: People from Charleston, South Carolina,1815 births,People from Flat Rock, Henderson County, North Carolina,1901 deaths,Medical University of South Carolina alumni,Physicians from North Carolina

paragraph: Mitchell Campbell King

paragraph: Mitchell Campbell King (born June 1815 in Charleston, South Carolina; died 1901) was a planter and physician in the Carolinas.

paragraph: Mitchell Campbell King was the son of teacher, lawyer and Judge Mitchel King (Kingo) (b. 8 June 1783 in Crail, Fife, Scotland; d. 12 November 1862 in Flat Rock, Henderson County, North Carolina) and his first wife Susanna Campbell (b. June 24, 1791 in Charleston, South Carolina; d. September 12, 1828 in Charleston). The elder King headed to South Carolina in 1810 and both married on 23 February 1811 in Charleston. They had seven children.

paragraph: Mitchell C. King was the second-oldest; and with him began the family tradition in using his mother's maiden name Campbell in remembrance of the family's Scottish heritage. He studied medicine at the Charleston Medical College in South Carolina and at Göttingen University in Germany. In Göttingen he was friends with Amory Coffin (1813–1884) from Coffin Point Plantation and John Lothrop Motley. The three of them became friends with the later German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck there in 1832. Both Bismarck and King joined Corps Hannovera Göttingen—a German Student Corps committed to academic fencing—as fellows. Mitchell C. King finished his medical education with an M.D. from Charleston Medical College and settled on one of the family's farms in South Carolina and Georgia.

paragraph: In the summer time the King family lived in the mountains of Flat Rock in the western part of North Carolina. Later in his life he concentrated on practicing as a physician there in Henderson County. He maintained a lively correspondence with Bismarck until 1875. Bismarck's letters to him are preserved in the U.S. Library of Congress, while some of King's letters are kept by the Otto-von-Bismarck-Stiftung in Friedrichsruh near Hamburg (Germany), which is a commemorative German Government Foundation in memory of the Chancellor of the German Empire (similar to the Presidential libraries in the United States).

paragraph: Mitchell C. King married Elizabeth Laura Middleton (b. 27 April 1820 in Charleston; d. 15 February 1838) in Charleston. They had eleven children. King was buried in Magnolia Cemetery (Charleston, South Carolina).

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- University of North Carolina: Mitchell King Papers, 1801–1862

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kösener Korpslisten 1910, 70. Göttingen (Hannovera), No. 121

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas E. Mullen and Helmuth Rogge: "Zwei unbekannte Briefe Bismarcks: gerichtet an seinen Göttinger Jugendfreund Mitchell C. King" in "Historische Zeitschrift" Vol. 202 (1966), pp 352–362 (in German with text of the letters in English)

paragraph: BULLET::::- G. W. Curtis (Editor): "The Correspondence of John Lothrop Motley", 1889, Chapter II: "Germany; University Life" Internet Archive

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rüdiger B. Richter, Hans-Georg Balder: "Korporierte im amerikanischen Bürgerkrieg". 2nd ed., Hilden: WJK-Verlag, 2013, p. 176 (in German)

description: planter and physician in the Carolinas

wikidata_label: Mitchell Campbell King

wikipedia_title: Mitchell Campbell King


text:
poet
Tang Dynasty
Three Hundred Tang Poems
courtesy name
Hunan Province
Shandong Province
famous wine shop competition
Wang Zhihuan
Wang Changling
Witter Bynner
An and Shi "Yan dynasty"

categories: 706 births,Politicians from Hengshui,Three Hundred Tang Poems poets,765 deaths,Poets from Hebei,8th-century Chinese poets,Tang dynasty politicians

paragraph: Gao Shi

paragraph: Gao Shi (ca. 704–765) was a poet of the Tang Dynasty, two of whose poems were collected in the popular anthology "Three Hundred Tang Poems". His courtesy name was Dàfú (達夫).

paragraph: Born into an impoverished family, Gao eventually became a secretary in the military, enjoying a successful career. His hometown was either in modern Hunan Province or Shandong Province.

paragraph: Gao Shi was one of the competitors in the famous wine shop competition along with Wang Zhihuan and Wang Changling.

paragraph: Section::::Poems.

paragraph: One of Gao Shi's poems (as translated by Witter Bynner), appearing in the "Tang 300" was "A Song of the Yan Country", referring to the Yan territory of the An and Shi "Yan dynasty": the other being "To Vice-prefects Li and Wang degraded and transferred to Xiazhong and Changsha".

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wu, John C. H. (1972). "The Four Seasons of Tang Poetry". Rutland, Vermont: Charles E.Tuttle.

alias:
Gaochangshi
Gao Shi
Dafu
Zhong
Gao Sanshiwu

description: poet

wikidata_label: Gao Shi

wikipedia_title: Gao Shi


text: Dom

text: John of Lencastre, 1st Duke of Aveiro

text: Marquis of Vila Real

text: Marquis of Torres Novas

text: Sebastian I of Portugal

text: Guadalupe

text: Philip II of Spain

text: Morocco

text: Battle of Alcácer Quibir

text: Álvaro of Lencastre, 3rd Duke of Aveiro

text: Infante George of Lencastre

text: John of Lencastre, 1st Duke of Aveiro

text: Duke of Aveiro

text: Duke of Torres Novas

text: Marquis of Torres Novas

categories: Dukes of Aveiro,Portuguese nobility,1578 deaths,1548 births

paragraph: George of Lencastre, 2nd Duke of Aveiro

paragraph: Jorge de Lencastre, or George of Lencastre (1548–1578), was the older son of Dom John of Lencastre, 1st Duke of Aveiro and of his wife Juliana de Lara, daughter of the 3rd Marquis of Vila Real.

paragraph: Until his father's death, he used the title of Marquis of Torres Novas, and also succeeded him as 2nd Duke of Aveiro in 1571.

paragraph: He was a close adviser to King Sebastian I of Portugal and he escorted him, both to the Guadalupe interview (where Sebastian met his uncle, King Philip II of Spain) and to the Portuguese campaign to Morocco. George was killed in the Battle of Alcácer Quibir, together with the King, in 1578.

paragraph: Before, he had married Madalena Girón, sister of the Spanish 1st Duke of Ossuna, from whom he had a single daughter:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Juliana of Lencastre, 3rd Duchess of Aveiro, married to Álvaro of Lencastre, 3rd Duke of Aveiro.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Infante George of Lencastre

paragraph: BULLET::::- John of Lencastre, 1st Duke of Aveiro

paragraph: BULLET::::- Duke of Aveiro

paragraph: BULLET::::- Duke of Torres Novas

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marquis of Torres Novas

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Genealogy of George of Lencastre, 2nd Duke of Aveiro, in Portuguese

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ”Nobreza de Portugal e do Brasil” – Vol. II, page 343. Published by Zairol Lda., Lisbon 1989.

description: 2nd Duke Of Aveiro

wikidata_label: George of Lencastre, 2nd Duke of Aveiro

wikipedia_title: George of Lencastre, 2nd Duke of Aveiro


text: Infante

text: George, Duke of Coimbra

text: John II of Portugal

text: Manuel I of Portugal

text: Fernando I, 2nd Duke of Braganza

text: aristocratic

text: Duke of Braganza

text: Marquis of Ferreira

text: Marquis of Vila Real

text: Count of Vimioso

text: Count of Portalegre

text: crown prince

text: John III of Portugal

text: Marquis of Torres Novas

text: Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Guarda

text: Countess of Marialva

text: Countess of Loulé

text: King John III

text: Castle of São Jorge

text: Lisbon

text: Setúbal

text: Infante Luis, Duke of Beja

text: crusade against Tunis

text: King John III

text: Duke of Aveiro

text: Madrid

text: Charles V

text: Isabel of Portugal

text: Marquis of Vila Real

text: Lisbon

text: Infanta

text: Joan of Spain

text: John, Crown Prince of Portugal

text: George of Lencastre

text: Marquis of Torres Novas

text: Duke of Aveiro

text: Battle of Alcácer Quibir

text: Countess of Portalegre

text: Arrábida

text: Setúbal

text: Infante George of Lencastre

text: Duke of Aveiro

text: Marquis of Torres Novas

categories: Dukes of Aveiro,Medieval Portuguese nobility,1571 deaths,1501 births

paragraph: João de Lencastre, 1st Duke of Aveiro

paragraph: João de Lencastre ( ?, 1501 – Coimbra, 1571), was the older son of Infante George, Duke of Coimbra and of his wife "Dona" Beatriz of Vilhena.

paragraph: Through his father, John was a grandchild of King John II of Portugal and a 3rd cousin to King Manuel I of Portugal.

paragraph: Through his mother, daughter of Álvaro of Braganza (4th male son of Fernando I, 2nd Duke of Braganza), John of Lencastre was close related to the most prestigious aristocratic families of the Kingdom (namely the Duke of Braganza, the Marquis of Ferreira, the Marquis of Vila Real, the Count of Vimioso, the Count of Portalegre).

paragraph: When he was 12 years old, he served crown prince John (who became later King John III of Portugal) and King Manuel I granted him the title of Marquis of Torres Novas by a royal decree issued on March 27, 1520.

paragraph: In that time, the royal house announced the marriage of Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Guarda (King Manuel I younger son) to the richest and prestigious heir "Dona" Guiomar Coutinho, 5th Countess of Marialva and the 3rd Countess of Loulé. However, John of Lencastre declared he had secretly married the richest bride. The scandal in the Court ended when King John III ordered the Marquis imprisonment in the Castle of São Jorge, in Lisbon, allowing the celebration of the Infante Ferdinand's marriage.

paragraph: After nine years, when he was released, he went to live in Setúbal, maybe ashamed for the situation, and he only returned to the Court in 1535, to escort Infante Luis, Duke of Beja, who was leading the Portuguese fleet in Charles V’s crusade against Tunis. In that year King John III granted him the title of Duke of Aveiro.

paragraph: After his return from Madrid, in 1537 (where he was sent by King John III to present formal condolences to Charles V, when his wife, Empress Isabel of Portugal, died) John of Lencastre, 1st Duke of Aveiro, decided to marry to "Dona" Juliana de Lara, daughter of the 3rd Marquis of Vila Real.

paragraph: In 1552, he was again chosen by the King to escort, from the border to Lisbon, the Infanta Joan of Spain, who would marry John, Crown Prince of Portugal (John III only surviving son).

paragraph: John of Lencastre and Juliana de Lara had two sons:

paragraph: BULLET::::- George of Lencastre (1548–1578), Marquis of Torres Novas, who succeeded his father as 2nd Duke of Aveiro, and died in the Battle of Alcácer Quibir;

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pedro Dinis of Lencastre (1550-1576) 1, married as her first husband Filipa da Silva, 4th Countess of Portalegre who later married Juan da Silva, Spanish ambassador.

paragraph: John of Lencastre wrote several books and built a magnificent convent in Arrábida, near Setúbal, where an annual music festival takes place.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Infante George of Lencastre

paragraph: BULLET::::- Duke of Aveiro

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marquis of Torres Novas

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Genealogy of John of Lencastre, 1st Duke of Aveiro, in Portuguese

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- ”Nobreza de Portugal e do Brasil” – Vol. II, pages 342 and 343. Published by Zairol Lda., Lisbon 1989.

wikidata_label: John of Lencastre, 1st Duke of Aveiro

wikipedia_title: João de Lencastre, 1st Duke of Aveiro


text: Ponca City, Oklahoma

text: University of Tulsa

text: Liverpool Institute of Performing Arts

text: George Clinton

text: Parliament-Funkadelic

text: Red Hot Chili Peppers

text: Snoop Dogg

text: Macy Gray

text: Mike Gordon

text: Norwood Fisher

text: Michael Franti

text: The String Cheese Incident

text: Atmosphere

text: Eric Mcfadden

text: George Clinton & the P-Funk All-Stars

text: How Late Do U Have 2BB4UR Absent?

text: Shanachie Records

text: "Let the Good Times Roll"

text: Red Hot Chili Peppers

text: The Bernie Mac Show

text: Boston Public

text: The Man Show

text: Flavor of Love

text: Terry Russio

text: Relix

text: Details

categories: Flavor of Love,Alumni of the Liverpool Institute for Performing Arts,University of Tulsa alumni,American singer-songwriters,Singers from Oklahoma,Songwriters from Oklahoma,Participants in American reality television series,Living people,People from Ponca City, Oklahoma

paragraph: Kim Manning

paragraph: Kim Manning is a singer, songwriter, activist, dancer, reality television personality and actress.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Manning was born in Ponca City, Oklahoma and moved to Santa Rosa and then Los Angeles. Manning relocated to the Bay Area in 2007. Manning began studying classical voice and violin at 6 years old and went on to study at the University of Tulsa and the Liverpool Institute of Performing Arts.

paragraph: Section::::Musical career.

paragraph: Since joining George Clinton and the Parliament-Funkadelic, Manning has worked with such artists as Red Hot Chili Peppers, Snoop Dogg, Macy Gray, Mike Gordon, Norwood FisherTrulio Disgracias, Michael Franti, The String Cheese Incident, Garaj Mahal, Papa Mali, Everyone Orchestra, Atmosphere and many more.

paragraph: Her 2006 LP, "The Love and Light Activation", was produced by Brian Kehew. It has been described as a fusion of Funk, Jazz, Rock, Reggae, and features George Clinton, Norwood Fisher, The Benevento/Russo Duo, Nate Oberman, Eric Mcfadden, and Wally Ingram. In 2007, Manning was featured on George Clinton & the P-Funk All-Stars How Late Do U Have 2BB4UR Absent?. Subsequently, Manning was featured on the Shanachie Records release "George Clinton and His Gangsters of Love". Manning contributed vocals to the song "Let the Good Times Roll" by Red Hot Chili Peppers.

paragraph: Section::::Television and film.

paragraph: Manning has appeared on "The Bernie Mac Show", "Boston Public", and "The Man Show". She was also seen as "Peaches" on VH1’s "Flavor of Love". Manning starred in the feature film "Room 33", is featured in Washburn/Oscar Schmidt’s ad campaign, and was chosen by Terry Russio to be the cover of the Reveal Designs Bikini Calendar. Manning was picked by "Relix" as Artist on the Rise. Manning was also profiled in both the August and September 2006 issue of "High Times" , and in the September 2006 issue of "Details".

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Kim Manning

wikipedia_title: Kim Manning


text: Agrarianism

text: Poland

text: Wilno

text: January Uprising

text: Lviv

text: Switzerland

text: Stanisław Mendelson

text: Socialist Association “Polish People”

text: Friedrich Engels

text: Paris

text: Polish Socialist Party

text: Józef Piłsudski

text: Piłsudski's coup in 1926

text: Sanacja

text: partitions

text: University of Warsaw

text: Agrarianism

text: Emilia Plater

categories: Polish exiles in the Russian Empire,1935 deaths,Polish historians,1835 births,Polish socialists

paragraph: Bolesław Limanowski

paragraph: Bolesław Limanowski (; 18 October 1835 - 15 February 1935) was a Polish socialist politician, as well as historian and journalist and advocate of Agrarianism. He was one of the first people to promote socialist ideas in Poland.

paragraph: Section::::Political activism.

paragraph: He began to be politically active during his studies in Wilno and was arrested by Russian police in 1861 for expressing patriotic views. He was still in prison, when the January Uprising began in 1863, so he couldn’t take part in the fighting. Released from prison in 1867, he moved to Lviv, where he was working as a journalist, expressing socialist views and became the secretary to Rudolf Günsberg, Professor of Applied Chemistry for one year. In 1878 he emigrated to Switzerland, where he was publishing, together with Stanisław Mendelson, K. Dłuski and K. Hildt, one of the first Polish socialist newspaper, “Równość” (Equality). He was a founder of Stowarzyszenie Socjalistyczne Lud Polski (Socialist Association “Polish People”), which goal was fighting for independence of Poland and socialism. His views were supported by Friedrich Engels himself, who opted for Polish independence (but changed his mind afterwards), and with whom Limanowski was in contact.

paragraph: In November 1892 he took part in a meeting of Polish socialists from the Russian partition held in Paris. As the oldest participant, he became a chairman of the talks. He became one of the founding members of the Polish Socialist Party (PPS) established there. After the division of the Party, he supported Polish Socialist Party – Revolutionary Faction, led by Józef Piłsudski. Limanowski was a proponent of the Polish nation and never accepted internationalism of the radical left-wing organizations and communists.

paragraph: Section::::Senator of independent Poland.

paragraph: He was present in Poland during the difficult first years of independence. In 1922 he was elected a senator for the first time. After Piłsudski's coup in 1926, Limanowski strongly advocated democracy and opposed the Sanacja authoritarian government. Despite his age, he remained active and was serving as a senator until his death at the age of 99.

paragraph: Section::::Political thought.

paragraph: Bolesław Limanowski was the first Polish socialist writer and political thinker. In his works, he always expressed that the main goal of every Polish political party is to regain independence. He saw a strong connection between a struggle for nation sovereignty and social reforms. As a historian, he focused his attention especially on Poland during and after the times of partitions – national uprisings, revolutions and development of modern political thought and political parties. For his achievements on that field, he was awarded the title of doctor honoris causa of the University of Warsaw in 1934.

paragraph: Section::::Agrarianism.

paragraph: Though not his party's official spokesman on agrarian matters, he thought deeply about Agrarianism and worked out an eclectic program that fit Polish conditions. His practical experience as a farm manager combined with socialist, "single-tax," and Slavic communal ideas shaped his world view. He proposed a form of agrarian socialism with large state farms to counteract the inefficiency of very small holdings. In independent Poland he advocated expropriation of gentry estates. His observation of with peasant individualism convinced him that Poland should combine voluntary collectivism and individual possession of the leased land. His pragmatism left room even for private peasant ownership, despite his Marxism.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "O kwestii robotniczej" (On Workers’ Issue) (1871)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Historia demokracji polskiej w epoce porozbiorowej" (The history of Polish democracy in the after-partitions period) (1901)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Demokracja w Polsce" (Democracy in Poland) (1903)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Emilia Plater" (1910)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Studwudziestoletnia walka narodu polskiego o niepodległość" (The 120 Years Fight of the Polish Nation for Independence) (1916)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rozwój polskiej myśli socjalistycznej" (Progress of Polish Socialist Thought) (1929)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pamiętniki" (Memoirs) (1961)

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- K. J. Cottam, "Boleslaw Limanowski, A Polish Theoretician of Agrarian Socialism," "Slavonic and East European Review," Jan 1973, Vol. 51 Issue 122, pp 58–74

description: Polish historian and politician

wikidata_label: Bolesław Limanowski

wikipedia_title: Bolesław Limanowski


text: Soviet

text: Latvian

text: basketball

text: center

text: Soviet Union national basketball team

text: EuroBasket

text: Summer Olympic Games

text: Raiskums Parish

text: Cēsis District

text: Latvia

text: sports coaches

text: wrestling

text: boxing

text: athletics

text: head

text: basketball coach

text: Alexander Gomelsky

text: club

text: Rīgas ASK

text: center

text: Soviet Marshal

text: Hovhannes Bagramyan

text: Gomeslsky

text: center

text: Rīgas ASK

text: USSR League

text: USSR national basketball team

text: 1956 Summer Olympics

text: EuroBasket

text: FIBA European Champions Cups

text: EuroLeague

text: Summer Olympic Games

text: free throw

text: Arvydas Sabonis

text: Vladimir Tkachenko

text: sculptor

text: bust

text: Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic

text: metalworker

text: FIBA Profile 1

text: FIBA Profile 2

categories: FIBA EuroBasket-winning players,Olympic medalists in basketball,Olympic silver medalists for the Soviet Union,Olympic basketball players of the Soviet Union,Centers (basketball),1930 births,Medalists at the 1960 Summer Olympics,Medalists at the 1964 Summer Olympics,Basketball players at the 1960 Summer Olympics,Latvian men's basketball players,1994 deaths,Medalists at the 1956 Summer Olympics,BK VEF Rīga players,People from Pārgauja Municipality,ASK Riga players,Basketball players at the 1956 Summer Olympics,Basketball players at the 1964 Summer Olympics

paragraph: Jānis Krūmiņš

paragraph: Jānis Krūmiņš (30 January 1930 – 20 November 1994) was a Soviet-Latvian professional basketball player. Helped by his height (about 220 cm, or 7'3"), he was the first giant center that dominated under European baskets, for years. As a player of the senior Soviet Union national basketball team, Krūmiņš won 3 gold medals at the 1959, 1961, and 1963 EuroBaskets, as well as 3 silver medals at the 1956, 1960, and 1964 Summer Olympic Games.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Jānis Krūmiņš was born on 30 January 1930, in Raiskums Parish, Cēsis District, Latvia. His father was a big strong man, who died when Jānis was still a boy. At the age of 13, Krūmiņš had to start working, as a collector of tree resin. Very soon, he became an efficient worker, partly because his height (he was 2 m (6'7") tall by the age 14) allowed him to reach where others failed. He liked his work, and later was hesitant to turn into a professional basketball player, saying that he could always get injured and lose his job as a basketball player, but not as a resin collector. As a well-built giant, Krūmiņš attracted the attention of many sports coaches, who tried to get him into wrestling, boxing, and athletics. Famous Soviet athletics coach Victor Alexeev, even brought him in for a month to an athletics training camp. All of those attempts failed, because of a lack of interest from Krūmiņš.

paragraph: In 1953, Krūmiņš was discovered by head basketball coach Alexander Gomelsky, and he was brought to the basketball club Rīgas ASK. Gomelsky was struggling to make ASK the top Latvian basketball club of the time, and he needed a strong player at the center position. Although Krūmiņš had never played basketball before, Gomelsky intuitively believed in his potential, and was spending 2 hours personally training Krūmiņš, before each of the team's training sessions. Gomelsky considered Krūmiņš to be his only apprentice in his whole basketball career — all the other players that he coached were well established before he had coached them. Physically, Krūmiņš had good coordination and extraordinary strength, but he was slow. His height was exceptional for that time, and was variably reported between 2.18 m (7'2") and 2.23 m (7'4"). The variation was mostly due to his body's natural contraction during the day, and over the length of his playing career. With a weight of 141 kg (312 pounds), he was described as, "well built and dry". He was not a talented pupil, but he was exceptionally persistent, and performed all the drills that were set by his coach. His strongest point, according to Gomelsky, was his mental balance and reliability. On the other hand, he was too shy for a team leader. Seeing a 2.20 m (7'3") giant, most defenders did not hesitate to step on his toes, or to push or punch him. Krūmiņš patiently took all abuses, and when once asked why he didn't fight back, replied that he was afraid he might accidentally kill someone. Later, when Krūmiņš became a star, his modesty brought another problem — he was instantly recognized by people on the streets, and cheered and touched by the crowds, which made him feel uncomfortable. As a result of that, he stopped using public transportation, and drove a car instead.

paragraph: Another mundane daily problem was his height, which hindered his ability to find clothes and shoes that fit properly. Luckily, Krūmiņš was spotted by Soviet Marshal Hovhannes Bagramyan. Bagramyan, who was a big man himself, was favorable to tall sportsmen, and after meeting Krūmiņš, he ordered a 3-meter-long (9'10") bed to be custom built for Krūmiņš, as well as for custom shoes and clothes to be made for him.

paragraph: Section::::Success.

paragraph: All of the efforts of Krūmiņš and Gomeslsky paid off. Krūmiņš quickly became a smart center and a team leader of Rīgas ASK. The club became the USSR League champion in 1955, and Krūmiņš was also included into the senior USSR national basketball team. He was a dominant Soviet center in the 1956 Summer Olympics, helping the Soviet national team to reach the tournament's finals. He played for the Soviet national team for about 10 years, winning EuroBasket gold medals in 1959, 1961, and 1963; FIBA European Champions Cups (EuroLeague) championships in 1958, 1959, and 1960; USSR League championships in 1955, 1956, 1957, and 1958; and Summer Olympic Games silver medals in 1956, 1960, and 1964. Krūmiņš remained a relaxed player over all those years, still sparing weaker opponents from his best. However, he was quite emotional and active in the key games that his teams played, and he played with full effort against players that were similar to him in size. Krūmiņš had a rare free throw shooting style — as he shot free throws underhanded, rather than the usual overhanded free throw technique. However, he was still able to make 90% on average. A Russian poll that was conducted in 2006, named Krūmiņš as the 3rd most popular Soviet men's basketball player of all time, after Arvydas Sabonis and Vladimir Tkachenko.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Krūmiņš was shy around people, including women. He met his wife, Inessa, by chance. In 1960, while she was working as a sculptor, she was ordered to make a bust of Krūmiņš, on the occasion of 20th anniversary of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic. The couple had two sons, and a daughter. After retiring from playing basketball, Krūmiņš worked within his family, and became a renowned metalworker, molding metal art from sketches done by his wife.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- FIBA Profile 1

paragraph: BULLET::::- FIBA Profile 2

paragraph: BULLET::::- Photo: Krūmiņš (left) vs. Jean-Claude Lefebvre

description: Soviet basketball player

wikidata_label: Jānis Krūmiņš

wikipedia_title: Jānis Krūmiņš


text:
Venetian Dalmatia
architect
sculptor
Durazzo
Albania Veneta
Dalmatia
Durazzo
Albania
Albania Veneta
Split
Republic of Venice
Mark Troja
Giorgio da Sebenico
Niccolò di Giovanni Fiorentino
Trogir
Cathedral of St. James
Šibenik
sarcophagus
putto
Nativity
coffered ceiling
Ancona
Italy
D
Biography
Croatian Post

categories: Venetian period in the history of Albania,1425 births,Albanian sculptors,15th-century sculptors,People from Durrës,1505 deaths,Albanian architects,Venetian sculptors,15th-century architects,Republic of Venice architects

paragraph: Andrea Alessi

paragraph: Andrea Alessi (, , 1425–1505) was a Venetian Dalmatian architect and sculptor born in Durazzo (Albania Veneta), considered one of the most distinguished artists of Dalmatia.

paragraph: Alessi was born in Durazzo (modern Durrës, Albania) in Albania Veneta, and may have been of local Albanian origin rather than Italian. Other sources say he was of Italian origin. He moved to Split in Dalmatia during the Republic of Venice, where he studied under sculptor Mark Troja. He lived most of his life and conducted much of his work in Dalmatia. Alessi was a disciple of Giorgio da Sebenico, and his best-known work is with Niccolò di Giovanni Fiorentino on the expansion of the "chapel of Blessed John of Trogir" in 1468.

paragraph: Just like Cathedral of St. James in Šibenik, it was composed out of large stone blocks with extreme precision. It is unique harmony of architecture and sculpture according to antique ideals. From inside, there is no flat wall. In the middle of chapel, on the altar, lays the sarcophagus of blessed John of Trogir. Surrounding are reliefs of puttos carrying torches that look like they were peeping out of doors of Underworld. Above them there are niches with sculptures of Christ and apostles (the principle work of Alessi), amongst them are putties, circular windows encircled with fruit garland, and a relief of Nativity. All is ceiled with coffered ceiling with image of God in the middle and 96 portrait heads of angels. With so many faces of smiling children the chapel looks very cheerful and there isn’t nothing similar in European art of that time.

paragraph: Andrea is best known for his merchant statues in Ancona, Italy, and his 1454 mural paintings in a church on Arabe island of Dalmatia particularly "The Baptistry of Trogir".

paragraph: He signed the Trogir Baptistery in 1467 with: "ANDREAS ALEXIUS DURRACHINUS OPIFEX MCCCCXII" (Andreas Alexius, artisan from Durrës, 1462).

paragraph: He died in Split and is buried in D a Church in Split, Croatia in 1505.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography at the Croatian Post stamp collection web site

alias:
Andrea di Niccolo da Durazzo
Andreas Alexii
Andrea Alessi
Andrea di Niccolò da Durazzo
Andrija Alesi
Andrija Aleši

wikidata_label: Andrea Aleksi

wikipedia_title: Andrea Alessi


text:
Radolfzell
Gengenbach
chess
international chess
Klaus Junge
simuls
Netherlands
Hoogovens
Nostradamus
clairvoyant
Gengenbach
unorthodox
Diemer-Duhm Gambit
Alapin-Diemer Gambit
refinements
Armand Edward Blackmar
Blackmar-Diemer Gambit
The games of Emil Diemer

categories: 1908 births,1990 deaths,People from the Grand Duchy of Baden,People from Radolfzell,German chess players

paragraph: Emil Josef Diemer

paragraph: Emil Joseph (Master Roshi) Diemer (15 May 1908 in Radolfzell – 10 October 1990 in Fussbach/Gengenbach) was a German chess master.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Emil Joseph Diemer was born in 1908 in the German town Radolfzell, in Baden. In 1931, he was out of work and joined the German Nazi party, where he became an active member. He was present at all important international chess events, and became the "chess reporter of the Great German Reich": his articles appeared in Nazi publications.

paragraph: In 1942-1943, he played correspondence and tournament games with Klaus Junge.

paragraph: After the war, he continued his chess journalism, sold chess books, and gave simuls, but the stigma of his Nazi past made it difficult to support himself in this way. As a middle-tier master, his successes in chess were few. In 1953, he was expelled from the German chess federation, whose officials he had accused, in a press campaign, of "homosexuality and corruption of innocent youth".

paragraph: It was not until 1956, in the Netherlands, that Diemer finally enjoyed real success, winning the Reserves Group of the Hoogovens tournament and later the Open Championship of the Netherlands.

paragraph: He became less interested in chess, and increasingly interested in Nostradamus, the famous 16th century French clairvoyant: he claimed to have cracked Nostradamus's secret code, and over 25 years, is said to have mailed over 10,000 letters on the subject. In 1965 he was committed to a psychiatric clinic in Gengenbach. The clinic's director, believing that chess was excessively stressful for Diemer, banned him from playing the game. In 1971, however, this ban was rescinded, and Diemer's membership in the German chess federation was also reinstated. Diemer now played first board as member of a German chess club team. Still lacking financial independence, however, he continued to stay in Gengenbach as a semi-residential patient of the hospital until the end of his life.

paragraph: Diemer played many unorthodox openings, like the "Diemer-Duhm Gambit" (1.d4 d5 2.e4 e6 3.c4) and the "Alapin-Diemer Gambit" (1.d4 e6 2.e4 d5 3.Be3), but is most famous for his refinements to an old idea by Armand Edward Blackmar (1. d4 d5 2. e4 dxe4 3. f3), commonly known as the Blackmar-Diemer Gambit (1. d4 d5 2. e4 dxe4 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. f3).

paragraph: Section::::Literature.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Georg Studier, "Emil Josef Diemer. Ein Leben fuer das Schach im Spiegel der Zeiten", Manfred Maedler Verlag 1996 (Germany)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dany Senechaud, "Emil J. Diemer, missionnaire des échecs acrobatiques", Poitiers 1997 (France), 2003 (3rd ed.)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The games of Emil Diemer

description: German chess player

wikidata_label: Emil Josef Diemer

wikipedia_title: Emil Josef Diemer


text:
professional baseball
infielder
Major League Baseball
Pittsburgh Pirates
Boston Red Sox
Chicago White Sox
home run
RBI
runs
doubles
triple
stolen base
hits
on-base percentage
American League MVP
Des Moines Boosters
San Francisco Seals
Pacific Coast League
Tacoma Tigers
Western International League
Jason Botts
Orangevale, California
Retrosheet

categories: Boston Red Sox players,Major League Baseball shortstops,Chicago White Sox players,1899 births,Baseball players from California,Pittsburgh Pirates players,1971 deaths

paragraph: Hal Rhyne

paragraph: Harold J. Rhyne (March 30, 1899 – January 7, 1971) was an American professional baseball infielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1926 through 1933 for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Boston Red Sox, and Chicago White Sox.

paragraph: In a seven-season career, Rhyne was a .250 hitter (508-for-2031) with two home runs and 192 RBI in 655 games, including 252 runs, 98 doubles, 22 triple, and 13 stolen bases. His best season statistically was , when he posted career numbers in average (.273), runs (75), RBI (51), hits (154) and on-base percentage (.341), and also was considered in the American League MVP vote.

paragraph: Rhyne's minor league career spanned twenty seasons, between 1921 and 1940. After starting his career with the Des Moines Boosters, he joined the San Francisco Seals of the Pacific Coast League. With the exception of the seasons he spent in the majors, he played for the Seals until 1938, when he joined the Tacoma Tigers of the Western International League partway through the season. He played for the Tigers through the end of his professional playing career.

paragraph: Rhyne is one of only two major leaguers to have been born in Paso Robles, CA. The other is Jason Botts. He died at the age of 71 in Orangevale, California and is buried in Sacramento City Cemetery in Sacramento, California. He has a small, plain headstone.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Retrosheet

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Hal Rhyne

wikipedia_title: Hal Rhyne


text: Odrysian kingdom

text: Thrace

text: Cotys VII

text: Pompey

text: Julius Caesar

text: Rhoemetalces I

text: Augustus

categories: 1st-century BC rulers in Europe,13 BC deaths,Thracian kings,Year of birth unknown

paragraph: Rhescuporis II (Astaean)

paragraph: Rhescuporis I was king of the Odrysian kingdom of Thrace from ca. 18 BC to ca. 13 BC, in succession to his father Cotys VII.

paragraph: In 48 BC, before he became king, he led a body of auxiliaries his father sent to the aid of Pompey for use in the Roman civil war against Julius Caesar. After Cotys VII's death he became king, at first under the guardianship of his uncle Rhoemetalces I, his father's younger brother.

paragraph: Rhescuporis died in 13 BC when he was defeated and slain in battle by Vologaeses, chief of the Thracian Bessi, who was a leader in the revolt against the Romans in that year. He left no heir, and so was succeeded by Rhoemetalces, who fled Thrace during the revolt and was restored to power by Augustus after it was suppressed.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Smith, William, ed. "Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology". Boston : Little, Brown, and Company, 1867, v. 3, p. 646

wikidata_label: Rhescuporis II

wikipedia_title: Rhescuporis II (Astaean)


href: Sindh urs Thatta Suhrawardiyya

text: Sindh urs Thatta Suhrawardi

paragraph: Shah Yaqeeq Bukhari

paragraph: Syed Asghar Ali Shah Bukhari (c. 1432 – c. 1451), also known as Shah Yaqeeq Baba and Roohani Surgeon, was a Muslim saint from Sindh. Shah Yaqeeq's "‘urs" is held in the town of Shah Yaqeeq near Thatta. His Suhrawardi shrine there is regarded as a place of miraculous healing from various ailments.

alias:
Spiritual Surgeon
Shah Yaqeeq Bukhari
Shah Aqeeq Bukhari
Syed Asghar Ali Shah Bukhari

description: Sufi saint, spiritual surgeon

wikidata_label: Shah Aqeeq Baba

wikipedia_title: Shah Yaqeeq Bukhari


text: American

text: prelate

text: Catholic Church

text: bishop

text: Diocese of Cheyenne

text: Roman Catholic Diocese of Rapid City

text: Pope Francis

text: Cheyenne

text: Samuel J. Aquila

text: Catholic Church hierarchy

text: Catholic Church in the United States

categories: Roman Catholic Diocese of Rapid City,1959 births,American Roman Catholic bishops,People from Mobridge, South Dakota,Roman Catholic Diocese of Cheyenne,Catholics from South Dakota,Living people

paragraph: Steven Biegler

paragraph: Steven Robert Biegler (born March 22, 1959) is an American priest and prelate of the Catholic Church and currently serves as bishop for the Diocese of Cheyenne.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Biegler was born March 22, 1959 in Mobridge, South Dakota. He is one of 13 children of Alfred and Mary Biegler. He entered the seminary in 1986 and was ordained to the priesthood for Roman Catholic Diocese of Rapid City on July 9, 1993 at Holy Cross Church in Timber Lake, South Dakota.

paragraph: Section::::Episcopacy.

paragraph: Section::::Episcopacy.:Bishop of Cheyenne.

paragraph: Pope Francis appointed Biegler to be the ninth bishop of the Diocese of Cheyenne on March 16, 2017. On June 5, 2017, Biegler was consecrated as a bishop during an installation mass with Samuel J. Aquila, Archbishop of Denver, presiding.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church hierarchy

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Church in the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Historical list of the Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Catholic bishops of the United States

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lists of patriarchs, archbishops, and bishops

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roman Catholic Diocese of Cheyenne Official Site

wikidata_label: Steven Biegler

wikipedia_title: Steven Biegler


text: Rome

text: Viterbo

text: Perugia

text: footman

text: Monte Pulciano

text: nun

text: virgin

text: sexual orientation

text: Catharina Margaretha Linck

categories: LGBT people from Italy,18th-century Italian people,1719 births,Female-to-male cross-dressers,1743 deaths

paragraph: Catterina Vizzani

paragraph: Catterina Vizzani, alias Giovanni Bordoni (1719–1743), was an Italian woman who became famous after her death for living life as man.

paragraph: Vizzani was born to a carpenter in Rome. At some point, she ran away from home to Viterbo, where she adopted male clothing and the male identity of Giovanni Bordoni.

paragraph: Vizzani worked for a vicar in Perugia for four years. She then worked as a footman for the noble Cavaliere Francesco Maria Pucci in Monte Pulciano. In her identity as Bordoni, Vizzani was widely known for her love affairs with women and had the reputation of a seducer. In 1743, Vizzani convinced the niece of a vicar to elope with her Rome. The couple was intercepted along the way and Vizzani was mortally wounded.

paragraph: On her deathbed, Vizzani allegedyly confessed to a nun that she was biologically a woman. She then allegedly asked to be buried in women's clothing and to be honored as a virgin.

paragraph: Giovanni Battista Bianchi, an Italian surgeon, examined Vizzani's remains to establish if there were any physical explanation of her sexual orientation. Vizzani's funeral was widely attended, as the public regarded her as a woman who died for her virginity.

paragraph: Bianchi later published a biography of Vizzani titled "Breve storia della vita di Catterina Vizzani romana che per ott'anni vesti abito da uomo in qualita di servidore, la quale dopo varj casi essendo in fine stata uccisa fu trovata pulcella nella sezzione del suo cadavero di Giovanni Bianchi professore di Notomi in Siena" (Venezia: Occhi, Simone, 1744), making her famous. It was later translated to English as "The True History and Adventures of Catharine Vizzani" (1751).

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catharina Margaretha Linck

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://rictornorton.co.uk/eighteen/vizzani.htm

paragraph: BULLET::::- Robert Aldrich,Garry Wotherspoon: Who's who in Gay and Lesbian History: From Antiquity to World War II (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rudolf Dekker & Lotte van de Pol (1995). Kvinnor i manskläder. En avvikande tradition. Europa 1500-1800. Stockholm: Östlings Bokförlag Symposion. (In Swedish)

wikidata_label: Catterina Vizzani

wikipedia_title: Catterina Vizzani


text: Venezuelan

text: professional baseball

text: infielder

text: Texas Rangers

text: Major League Baseball

text: Texas Rangers

text: Milwaukee Brewers

text: Rule 5 draft

text: Texas Rangers

text: Texas Rangers

text: DSL Rangers

text: AZL Rangers

text: Guillermo

text: MLB

text: San Francisco Giants

text: Baltimore Orioles

text: Rule 5 draft results

text: Pura Pelota

categories: West Virginia Power players,Venezuelan expatriate baseball players in the United States,Texas Rangers players,Major League Baseball shortstops,Major League Baseball players from Venezuela,Oklahoma City RedHawks players,Brevard County Manatees players,Major League Baseball third basemen,Arizona League Brewers players,Cardenales de Lara players,Living people,Frisco RoughRiders players,Helena Brewers players,Beloit Snappers players,Arizona League Rangers players,Round Rock Express players,1983 births,People from Barquisimeto,Huntsville Stars players,Major League Baseball second basemen

paragraph: Guilder Rodríguez

paragraph: Guilder Alfredo Rodríguez Pérez (born July 24, 1983) is a Venezuelan former professional baseball infielder and current professional baseball coach in the Texas Rangers organization. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Texas Rangers.

paragraph: Section::::Playing Career.

paragraph: Rodríguez spent his first 7 professional seasons (2002-2008) in the Milwaukee Brewers organization. He was selected in the minor league phase of the 2008 Rule 5 draft by the Texas Rangers. Rodríguez spent 2009-2015 playing at the AA and AAA levels in the Rangers organization.

paragraph: Section::::Playing Career.:Texas Rangers.

paragraph: After 13 years in the minor leagues, he was called up to the majors for the first time on September 7, 2014, and made his major league debut two days later. With a total of 1,095 games, Rodriguez had played in the most minor league games by any player not yet called to the major leagues. On September 22, 2014 against the Houston Astros in Arlington, Rodríguez recorded his first two career hits, the second of which gave him his first career RBI. Rodríguez became a free agent on November 7, 2014. He re-signed with the Rangers on a minor league deal on January 13, 2015. He announced his retirement on September 17, 2015.

paragraph: Section::::Coaching Career.

paragraph: After retiring from playing, Rodríguez became a coach in the Texas Rangers organization. He served as a coach for the DSL Rangers in 2016 , and has been a coach for the AZL Rangers since 2017.

paragraph: Section::::Personal Life.

paragraph: Rodríguez's brother, Guillermo, played in MLB for the San Francisco Giants and Baltimore Orioles.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball players from Venezuela

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rule 5 draft results

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: , or Pura Pelota

description: Venezuelan baseball player

wikidata_label: Guilder Rodríguez

wikipedia_title: Guilder Rodríguez