text:
Dutch
speed skating
bicycle racing
Groningen
complications from his birth
Santpoort
Klaas Pander
Amsterdam
Joe Donoghue
Hamburg
Austria
Scheveningen
International Skating Union
Museumplein
Amsterdam
bandy
world record
Oskar Frederiksen
Haarlem
Hamar
Stockholm
Saltsjöbaden
Einar Halvorsen
Nikolay Strunnikov
Jaap Edenbaan
Jaap Edenhal
Amsterdam
Dutch Sportsman of the year
Jits Bakker
Bilthoven

categories: Sportspeople from Groningen (city),Dutch male cyclists,1873 births,Former world record holders in speed skating,UCI Track Cycling World Champions (men),Dutch male speed skaters,Dutch track cyclists,1925 deaths

paragraph: Jaap Eden

paragraph: Jacobus Johannes "Jaap" Eden (; 19 October 1873 – 2 February 1925) was a Dutch athlete. He is the only male athlete to win world championships in both speed skating and bicycle racing.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Jaap Eden was born in Groningen to Johannes Eden and Maria Baale. Eden's mother died of complications from his birth. His father, a gymnastics teacher, could not take care of the baby alone, and sent him to his grandparents, who owned a hotel near Santpoort. As a boy, Eden enjoyed running in dunes near his grandparents's home, gymnastics and, in the winter, skating. His speed and skating technique were noticed by the best Dutch skater at the time, Klaas Pander, and he invited the 15-year-old Eden to join him training.

paragraph: In December 1890, in a short track competition over 160m, Jaap Eden had his first important victory. Eden, 17, was allowed by the Dutch Federation to compete in the world championships.

paragraph: The championships were organised by the Skating Club of Amsterdam, as there was no international governing body. Only two foreign skaters entered, American Joe Donoghue becoming the first champion. Eden skated in the shortest two of the four events, placing 3rd and 4th in the half mile and mile, respectively. Eden entered the European Championships in Hamburg, but without any notable success.

paragraph: Bad weather cancelled the 1892 world championships, while the European Championships that year were only attended by Austrian skaters. Eden did compete in the Prince of Orange Cup in England, where he won his first international competition.

paragraph: In summer 1892, skating officials from several European countries convened in Scheveningen. The International Skating Union (ISU) was established, and the body's constitution announced annual world championships, over 500 m, 1500 m, 5000 m and 10000 m. The first ISU-governed world championships were to take place on the Museumplein in Amsterdam.

paragraph: Eden also played bandy on an elite level, when it had been introduced to the Netherlands in 1891.

paragraph: Section::::Skating successes.

paragraph: Two days before the championships, Eden won Dutch championships over 1500m and 5000m. His time in the 1500 m, 2:35.0 is the first ISU-recognised world record in that distance. This made Eden, who trained in Norway earlier that winter, a favourite for the world championships.

paragraph: In the 1500 m, Eden tied with Oskar Frederiksen (Norway) in the preliminaries, but beat him in a head-to-head final race. He outclassed the field in the 5000m, winning by half a minute, while his main opponent Frederiksen did not finish. Eden was challenged again by Frederiksen in the first run of the 500m on the second day, but in the final Eden again beat the Norwegian. This meant Eden's third victory, sufficient for the world title. Frederiksen skated the first official world record in the 10000m. Eden, skating alone in the last race, fell after the first lap and abandoned the race.

paragraph: After his victory, Eden was welcomed by a crowd in his home town Haarlem. He became known throughout the country.

paragraph: The next winter, Eden trained in Hamar, Norway, and travelled to Stockholm for the world championships in early February 1894. Because of bad weather, the championships were held in nearby Saltsjöbaden. The 500m, saw Eden paired with Frederiksen. The Norwegian made a false start, but was unaware of this until the finish. He was requested to re-skate immediately, but he wanted to recover. Eden, convinced Frederiksen would be disqualified, skated alone, finishing in 50.4 seconds. Frederiksen matched it in his second attempt. Jaap Eden did not want to skate a tie-breaker and Frederiksen won after drawing lots.

paragraph: Eden skated a world record in 10,000m. With 19:12.4, he was half a minute ahead of the others. In the third distance, he lost to Einar Halvorsen, which meant no world champion. Eden failed to finish the final distance after a fall.

paragraph: Two weeks later, the European championships took place in Hamar. Eden failed to compete on the first day, officially because of the strong wind. However, he was in his hotel with one of the chambermaids. Eden returned to the ice on the second day, and emphatically won the 5,000m in 8:37.6 — a world record by almost half a minute. The record remained for nearly 17 years, until it was broken by 0.4 seconds by Nikolay Strunnikov.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: The ice rinks Jaap Edenbaan (outdoor) and Jaap Edenhal (indoor) in Amsterdam are named after Eden.

paragraph: Since 1972, the Dutch Sportsman of the year receives the Jaap Eden Award. The statue is made by painter and sculptor Jits Bakker (born 1937) from Bilthoven and is based on Eden.

paragraph: Section::::Notes.

paragraph: These world championships were later declared official by the ISU, and Donoghue is now considered to be first official speed skating world champion.

description: Dutch speed skater and racing cyclist

wikidata_label: Jaap Eden

wikipedia_title: Jaap Eden


text:
American football
offensive tackle
Chicago Bears
National Football League
2014 NFL Draft
college football
Boise State
San Leandro High School
San Leandro, California
Rivals.com
Boise State University
Boise State Broncos football
offensive tackle
left tackle
Mountain West Conference
Chicago Bears
2014 NFL Draft
2019 Pro Bowl
Kyle Long
2016
James Williams
2001
Green Bay Packers
NFC North
Boise State Broncos bio

categories: Players of American football from California,Chicago Bears players,Boise State Broncos football players,1991 births,Living people,Sportspeople from Oakland, California,American football offensive tackles

paragraph: Charles Leno Jr.

paragraph: Charles Leno Jr. (born October 9, 1991) is an American football offensive tackle for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Bears in the seventh round of the 2014 NFL Draft. He played college football at Boise State.

paragraph: Section::::High school career.

paragraph: Leno attended San Leandro High School in San Leandro, California, where he played football and basketball, earning three varsity letters in each sport. He was named first-team all-conference as an offensive tackle and second-team all-conference as a defensive end as a senior. He was considered a three-star recruit by "Rivals.com".

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Leno attended Boise State University, where he was a member of the Boise State Broncos football team from 2009 to 2013. He started 39 consecutive games at offensive tackle for the Broncos during his career, with the final 26 at left tackle. He earned All-Mountain West Conference honors twice in his career; a second-team selection as a junior and a first-team selection as a senior.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Leno was drafted by the Chicago Bears in the seventh round (246th overall) of the 2014 NFL Draft. In 2016, he started all 16 games for the Bears at left tackle.

paragraph: On August 23, 2017, Leno signed a four-year, $38 million contract extension with the Bears.

paragraph: In 2018, Leno was named as an alternate for the 2019 Pro Bowl, and he was officially placed on the All-Star game's roster on January 22, 2019; he was the first Bears tackle to make the Pro Bowl since guard Kyle Long switched to the position in 2016, but the first pure tackle since James Williams in 2001.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: On December 16, 2018, after the Bears defeated the Green Bay Packers to win the NFC North division title, Leno proposed to his girlfriend Jennifer Roth at midfield.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Boise State Broncos bio

description: American football offensive guard

wikidata_label: Charles Leno

wikipedia_title: Charles Leno Jr.


text:
American football
cornerback
New York Jets
2014 NFL Draft
Northwest Missouri State
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
Seattle Seahawks
Indianapolis Colts
New England Patriots
New Orleans Saints
Pittsburgh Steelers
New York Giants
2014 NFL Draft
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
New England Patriots
New Orleans Saints
Brian Dixon
Pounceys
McCourtys
New York Giants
Orlando Apollos
Alliance of American Football
Brian
Benny Sapp
National Football League
Joliet Junior College bio
Northwest Missouri State bio
New York Jets bio
Tampa Bay Buccaneers bio
Seattle Seahawks bio
Indianapolis Colts bio

categories: Orlando Apollos players,New England Patriots players,Seattle Seahawks players,Living people,People from Margate, Florida,Pittsburgh Steelers players,Players of American football from Florida,Tampa Bay Buccaneers players,Twin people from the United States,1990 births,New York Jets players,People from Pompano Beach, Florida,American football cornerbacks,Northwest Missouri State Bearcats football players,New York Giants players,New Orleans Saints players

paragraph: Brandon Dixon

paragraph: Brandon Dixon (born April 26, 1990) is an American football cornerback who is a free agent. He was drafted by the New York Jets in the sixth round of the 2014 NFL Draft. He played college football at Northwest Missouri State.

paragraph: Dixon has also been a member of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Seattle Seahawks, Indianapolis Colts, New England Patriots, New Orleans Saints, Pittsburgh Steelers, and New York Giants.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: In 2012, Dixon was selected to the Daktronics and D2Football.com second-team All-America team and was selected to the All-America third-team by The Associated Press.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New York Jets.

paragraph: On May 10, 2014, Dixon was drafted by the New York Jets in the sixth round of the 2014 NFL Draft. Dixon was released on August 30, 2014.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Tampa Bay Buccaneers.

paragraph: On September 1, 2014, Dixon signed with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers to join their practice squad.

paragraph: On September 6, 2014, the Buccaneers promoted Dixon to their active roster.

paragraph: In 14 games with the Buccaneers, Dixon recorded 8 solo tackles, 1 assisted tackle, 1 interception, and 2 passes defensed.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Seattle Seahawks.

paragraph: On September 6, 2015, the Seattle Seahawks signed Dixon to their practice squad.

paragraph: On September 12, 2015, Dixon was cut from the Seahawks practice squad

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New England Patriots.

paragraph: Dixon was signed to the New England Patriots practice squad on October 1, 2015. He was released on October 28, 2015.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New Orleans Saints.

paragraph: Dixon was signed to the New Orleans Saints practice squad on November 5, 2015, reuniting him with his twin brother Brian Dixon.

paragraph: The signing made the brothers the only set of twins to play on the same team since the AFL-NFL merger and the first since 1926. They are the twelfth set of twins to play in the NFL and along with the Pounceys and the McCourtys, are the third active set of twins currently playing in the NFL. On August 30, 2016, he was released by the Saints.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Pittsburgh Steelers.

paragraph: On December 7, 2016, Dixon was signed to the Steelers' practice squad. On December 20, he was released from the Steelers' practice squad. Seven days later, the Steelers re-signed him to the practice squad. He signed a reserve/future contract with the Steelers on January 24, 2017. He was waived on September 2, 2017.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:New York Giants.

paragraph: On October 12, 2017, Dixon was signed to the New York Giants' practice squad. He was promoted to the active roster on November 28, 2017.

paragraph: On May 15, 2018, Dixon was waived by the Giants.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Orlando Apollos.

paragraph: Dixon signed with the Orlando Apollos of the Alliance of American Football for the inaugural 2019 season.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Dixon's twin brother, Brian, played alongside him in New Orleans and is a currently a free agent. Dixon is the cousin of former cornerback Benny Sapp who played in the National Football League.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Joliet Junior College bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Northwest Missouri State bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- New York Jets bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tampa Bay Buccaneers bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Seattle Seahawks bio

paragraph: BULLET::::- Indianapolis Colts bio

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Brandon Dixon

wikipedia_title: Brandon Dixon


text:
Nihang
Jathedar
Budha Dal
Sidhu
Jat
Barnala
Gurbani
Baba Deep Singh
Akali Phula Singh
Maharaja Ranjit Singh

categories: Nihang,1736 births,Year of death unknown

paragraph: Akali Naina Singh

paragraph: Akali Naina Singh was a Nihang warrior and fifth Jathedar of Budha Dal. He was born around 1736, into a Sidhu Jat family, in Khudi Kurd, in Barnala district. He learned Gurbani and martial skills from Baba Deep Singh. He joined Budha Dal at the age of 20, along with his nephew Nihang Kharag Singh. He was guardian of Akali Phula Singh (1761-1823) and trained him with scriptures, warfare and martial arts. He is credited for introducing tall pyramidal turban, which is common among the Nihangs. He was against treaty of Maharaja Ranjit Singh and British and dislike living style of Ranjit Singh which appears to him anti-Sikh.

wikidata_label: Akali Naina Singh

wikipedia_title: Akali Naina Singh


text:
Suchitoto
El Salvador
Costa Rica
Francisco Morazán
Juan Rafael Mora Porras
filibuster
William Walker
Puntarenas
Puntarenas
Nicoya Peninsula
Puntarenas
Cañas-Jerez Treaty
Cañas-Martínez Treaty
Cañas-Jerez Treaty
Nicaragua
Grover Cleveland
Puntarenas
José María Montealegre
Costa Rica
Costa Rica
Puntarenas
Arturo Beéche Bravo
Alberto Cañas Escalante
Marta Castegnaro Cañas
Puntarenas

categories: Military history of Costa Rica,1809 births,People executed by Costa Rica by firing squad,1860 deaths,Salvadoran emigrants to Costa Rica,Government ministers of Costa Rica,People from Cuscatlán Department

paragraph: José María Cañas

paragraph: José María Cañas Escamilla (September 23, 1809—October 2, 1860) was a Costa Rican military figure. He was born in Suchitoto, El Salvador.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He moved to Costa Rica in 1842 along with General Francisco Morazán, where he married Guadalupe Mora Porras, sister of President Juan Rafael Mora Porras.

paragraph: He was Costa Rica's Customs Administrator in 1844 and also became State General in 1847. He was named Secretary of War during Juan Rafael Mora Porras's presidency in 1849 and eventually became Governor and Commander of Puntarenas in 1850. Named as a general in 1856, he commandeered the Costa Rican Army during the third and most important part of the campaign against filibuster William Walker. He was known as an affable and kind person amongst his troops.

paragraph: Cañas was also responsible for the development of Costa Rica's Pacific Ocean port, Puntarenas, where he served as commander for several years. In 1855, Cañas imported 32 Chinese laborers to Puntarenas near the Nicoya Peninsula, employing many of them as laborers on his estates. A benevolent patron to these workers, Cañas's memory is, to this day, held in high remark by many of their descendants. Years after Cañas's death, his children were still well received in Puntarenas by members of the thriving Chinese-Costa Rican community.

paragraph: In representation of Costa Rica he signed the Cañas-Jerez Treaty, the Cañas-Martínez Treaty and the Cañas-Jerez Treaty that dealt with the demarcation of the border between Costa Rica and Nicaragua and U. S. President Grover Cleveland also validated the treaty.

paragraph: In 1859, when his brother-in-law was deposed, he emigrated back to El Salvador with him. The following year they returned to Costa Rica seeking the restoration of Mora Porras in the presidency. The expedition failed and they both died in Puntarenas after being captured by troops now controlled by President José María Montealegre, and those troops who were once Cañas's, threatened to shoot and kill him. Juan Rafael Mora Porras was executed by firing squad on September 30; Cañas was killed using the same method on October 2, 1860.

paragraph: Cañas was the last prominent Costa Rican leader to face the death penalty as the victim of political persecution. Two decades after the execution of Cañas, President Tomás Guardia, who had served under his command in 1856, abolished the death penalty.

paragraph: Several years after Cañas' execution his widow and their children returned to Costa Rica. The family thrived and was welcomed once again into the country's highest spheres. Cañas' only surviving son, Rafael Cañas Mora, served in the Costa Rican congress and was a successful businessman. Other Cañas descendants include Dr. Luciano Beéche Cañas, a Costa Rican doctor; Rafael Beéche Cañas, founder of the tuna fishing industry in Costa Rica; Eduardo Beéche Titzck, former governor of the state of Puntarenas; Arturo Beéche Bravo, author, educator and royal historian; Alberto Cañas Escalante, author, intellectual and politician; Marta Castegnaro Cañas, newspaper columnist and historian.

paragraph: Cañas is considered a national hero and there is a monument bust of him in Parque Cañas, a park which was named for him in 1956 and the dedication ceremony was attended by his great-grandson Alberto Cañas Escalante, the centennial of the Filibuster War, in Puntarenas in front of the railroad Ferrocarril Eléctrico al Pacífico.

description: Costa Rican politician

wikidata_label: José María Cañas

wikipedia_title: José María Cañas


text:
Tlaxcala
Mexican
racing cyclist
Giro d'Italia
2001
Passo Pordoi
Gilberto Simoni
2002
San Giacomo
Corvara
Vuelta a Costa Rica
Giro del Trentino
Brixia Tour
Settimana Lombarda
Giro d'Italia
Trofeo della Scalatore
Tour de Langkawi

categories: Mexican male cyclists,Sportspeople from Tlaxcala,1977 births,Mexican Giro d'Italia stage winners,Living people,Giro d'Italia cyclists

paragraph: Julio Alberto Pérez

paragraph: Julio Alberto Pérez Cuapio (born July 30, 1977 in Tlaxcala) is a former Mexican racing cyclist who rode for between 2000 and 2008. He is best known for his stage wins in the Giro d'Italia. In 2001, he won on the Passo Pordoi ahead of Gilberto Simoni. In 2002, he also won in San Giacomo and in Corvara.

paragraph: Section::::Palmarès.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vuelta a Costa Rica - 1 stage (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Giro del Trentino (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Brixia Tour - 1 stage & Mountains Classification (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Settimana Lombarda - 1 stage, GC & Mountains Classification (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Giro d'Italia

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2 stages & Mountains Classification (2002)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1 stage (2001)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Trofeo della Scalatore 2 (2000)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tour de Langkawi - 1 stage & Mountains Classification (2000)

description: Mexican racing cyclist

wikidata_label: Julio Alberto Pérez

wikipedia_title: Julio Alberto Pérez


text:
Italian
Renaissance
Venice
Murano
Santi Giovanni e Paolo
Santo Stefano
San Giovanni in Bragora
Titian
Santo Peranda
Baldasarre Anna

categories: Venetian painters,Italian male painters,Italian Renaissance painters,17th-century Italian painters,16th-century Italian painters,1561 births,1605 deaths,People from Venice

paragraph: Leonardo Corona

paragraph: Leonardo Corona (1561–1605) was an Italian painter of the Renaissance period, active mainly in Venice. Born in Murano. For the church of Santi Giovanni e Paolo in Venice, he painted an "Annunciation"; while for Santo Stefano, he painted an "Assumption". For San Giovanni in Bragora he painted a "Coronation with Thorns" and a "Flagellation". He is said to have been a pupil of the elder Titian, and completed some of his canvases after the master's death. His pupils included Santo Peranda and Baldasarre Anna.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Section::::References.:Secondary Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Works of Art Discovered in Venice", Alethea Wiel. The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs (1909) 15(78):p. 368-9. (On Corona works found in the rafters of San Zulian).

alias:
Lionardo Da Murano Corona
Lionardo da Murano
Lionardo Corona
Leonard Corona
Corona

description: Italian painter

wikidata_label: Leonardo Corona

wikipedia_title: Leonardo Corona


text:
Geoffrey IV of Joinville
Châlons Cathedral
bishop of Langres
pair de France
archbishop of Reims
Philip Augustus
bishop of Metz
Conrad III of Scharfenberg

categories: 13th-century peers of France,13th-century Roman Catholic archbishops,Archbishops of Reims,Year of birth unknown,Bishops of Langres,1226 deaths

paragraph: William of Joinville

paragraph: William of Joinville (French "Guillaume de Joinville"; died 1226) was a French ecclesiastic. A younger son of Geoffrey IV of Joinville and Helvide of Dampierre, he joined the chapter of Châlons Cathedral, become archdeacon by 1191. He then became bishop of Langres and thus a "pair de France" in 1208 and finally archbishop of Reims in 1219. He was the candidate of King Philip Augustus to become bishop of Metz in 1212, but lost out to Conrad III of Scharfenberg.

description: French archbishop

wikidata_label: Guillaume de Joinville

wikipedia_title: William of Joinville


text: Major League Baseball

text: center fielder

text: Brooklyn, New York

text: New York Mutuals

text: National Association

text: Philadelphia White Stockings

text: Athletic of Philadelphia

text: National League

text: Chicago White Stockings

text: Buffalo Bisons

text: Baltimore Orioles

text: train

text: Buffalo, New York

categories: Buffalo Bisons (minor league) players,Buffalo Bisons (NL) players,New York Mutuals players,Philadelphia White Stockings players,19th-century baseball players,New York Mutuals (NABBP) players,Baltimore Orioles (NL) players,Sportspeople from Brooklyn,Philadelphia Athletics (NL) players,Chicago White Stockings players,1849 births,Buffalo (minor league baseball) players,Baseball players from New York (state),Accidental deaths in New York (state),1902 deaths,Major League Baseball center fielders,Railway accident deaths in the United States,Philadelphia Athletic players,Brooklyn Eckfords (NABBP) players,Philadelphia Athletics (NA) players

paragraph: Dave Eggler

paragraph: David Daniel Eggler (April 30, 1849 – April 5, 1902) was a Major League Baseball center fielder. He was born in Brooklyn, New York.

paragraph: Eggler's career began in the National Association of Base Ball Players with the New York Mutuals in , and was a member of the Mutuals when they joined the professional National Association in . He went on to play for the Philadelphia White Stockings and Athletic of Philadelphia in the NA.

paragraph: After the formation of the National League, Eggler remained with Philadelphia, then went on to play for the Chicago White Stockings, Buffalo Bisons, and Baltimore Orioles before his career ended.

paragraph: He died after being hit by a train in Buffalo, New York.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball annual runs scored leaders

description: Major League Baseball center fielder

wikidata_label: Dave Eggler

wikipedia_title: Dave Eggler


text:
Titisee-Neustadt
ski jumper
2006 Winter Olympics
Turin
FIS Nordic World Ski Championships
2005
2007
Ski-flying World Championships
Kulm
Finland

categories: Olympic ski jumpers of Switzerland,1980 births,German male ski jumpers,People from Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald,Ski jumpers at the 2006 Winter Olympics,Swiss male ski jumpers,Living people

paragraph: Michael Möllinger

paragraph: Michael Möllinger (born 25 October 1980 in Titisee-Neustadt) is a German-Swiss former ski jumper who has competed since 2000, representing initially Germany, then Switzerland since 2004. At the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, he finished seventh in the team large hill and 13th in both individual hill events.

paragraph: Möllinger's best finishes at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships have seventh in the team large hill twice (2005, 2007) and 34th in the individual large hill (2005). At the 2006 Ski-flying World Championships in Kulm, he finished sixth in the team and 24th in the individual events.

paragraph: Möllinger's best individual World cup career finish was tenth in a large hill event in Finland in 2004. He has two individual career victories in Continental Cup events, both earned in 2003.

description: ski jumper

wikidata_label: Michael Möllinger

wikipedia_title: Michael Möllinger


text:
ED
TD
DL
British
Joseph Noel Paton
Cargilfield
Edinburgh Academy
Bombay Chamber of Commerce
Port of Bombay
Indian Auxiliary Force
Major
Aide-de-camp
Governor of Bombay
Gilbert Wiles
Bombay Light Horse
19th King George V's Own Lancers
Indian Army
Efficiency Decoration
Deputy Lieutenant
Edinburgh Pharmaceutical Industries
life peer
Lanark
Dean Cemetery
Edinburgh
Joseph Noel Paton
Bombay

categories: 1992 deaths,Businesspeople from Edinburgh,People educated at Cargilfield School,1900 births,Life peers,People educated at Edinburgh Academy,British Indian Army officers,Deputy Lieutenants of Lanarkshire

paragraph: Victor Noel-Paton, Baron Ferrier

paragraph: Victor Ferrier Noel-Paton, Baron Ferrier ED TD DL (29 January 1900 – 4 June 1992) was a British soldier and commercial businessman. With interests in banking and insurance he was in the first group of life peers elevated.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Victor Ferrier Noel-Paton was born in Edinburgh in 1900, son of Joane Mary and Frederick Waller Ferrier a senior official of the Government of India, sometime Director-General of Commercial Intelligence. The extended family lived in a large Georgian house owned by the grandfather, Joseph Noel Paton, at 33 George Square.

paragraph: After education at Cargilfield and the Edinburgh Academy, and service in the Royal Engineers in 1918-19, he went to India and from 1920-51 built a distinguished career in commerce and politics in Bombay. During this time he rose to the management and chairmanship of various companies, became President of the Bombay Chamber of Commerce, a member of the Bombay Legislative Council, and a trustee of the Port of Bombay.

paragraph: He also served for most of this period in the Indian Auxiliary Force, and held the rank of Major. He was an Honorary Aide-de-camp to the Governor of Bombay. On 7 March 1932, in Bombay, he married Joane Mary, daughter of Sir Gilbert Wiles, K.C.I.E., C.S.I.; they had a son and three daughters.

paragraph: Noel-Paton was first commissioned on to the Auxiliary Force India 8 April 1919 and served as an officer of the Bombay Light Horse. He was commissioned on to the Army in India Reserve of Officer on 10 February 1928. He served as Captain in the Army in India Reserve of Officer attached to the 19th King George V's Own Lancers in the Indian Army from 1928 to 1934. He received the Efficiency Decoration (ED) and was a Deputy Lieutenant.

paragraph: When he returned to Edinburgh in 1951 he was appointed chairman of Edinburgh Pharmaceutical Industries, as well as on the boards of two insurance companies. On 24 September 1958, he was made a life peer as Baron Ferrier, of Culter in the County of Lanark. in the first fourteen creations under the Life Peerage Act 1958. He was introduced as a Conservative peer on 22 October 1958. On 3 December he made his maiden speech in which he identified with old age pensions as being an intractable problem. Generally supportive of the NHS in debate, he was however a Conservative in policy matters including the poll tax.

paragraph: Like many Conservatives in the late post-war era he was critical of a perceived doctrinaire left-wing bias in the BBC. So he opposed the lowering the voting age in 1968 and took a moral stance against pornography on the 'top shelf' in shops. Patriarchal and caring he took an interest in the social security system and damage that could be done to young people. Lord Ferrier was an expert committee-man appearing on a number of committees including joint house leadership notably during the premiership of Edward Heath, 1970-3.

paragraph: He is buried on the southern terrace at Dean Cemetery in Edinburgh with his wife Joane Mary Wiles (1907-1984). The plot is adjacent to his ancestor Joseph Noel Paton.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: In 1932, whilst in Bombay he married Joane Mary Wiles (1907-1984). They had three children Fiona, Amanda and Frederick.

description: British businessman

wikidata_label: Victor Noel-Paton, Baron Ferrier

wikipedia_title: Victor Noel-Paton, Baron Ferrier


text:
West German
show jumper
Twistringen
Hoya
Lower Saxony
European Championships
World Championships
at the 1972 Olympics
in the 1976 Olympics
FEI
amateurism
Campari
Hanover

categories: 1941 births,People from Twistringen,Olympic medalists in equestrian,Medalists at the 1972 Summer Olympics,Road incident deaths in Germany,Sportspeople from Lower Saxony,Olympic equestrians of West Germany,German male equestrians,Equestrians at the 1972 Summer Olympics,Olympic gold medalists for West Germany,German show jumping riders,1978 deaths

paragraph: Hartwig Steenken

paragraph: Hartwig Steenken (23 July 1941 – 10 January 1978) was a West German show jumper. He was born in Twistringen, and raised on his father's farm in Bowrede near Hoya in Lower Saxony.

paragraph: Steenken won the individual title at the 1971 European Championships and the 1974 World Championships, and was on the West German team that won the gold medal at the 1972 Olympics, where he came fourth in the individual event. He won silver at the 1975 European Championships, and decided not to compete in the 1976 Olympics as he had no horse good enough to win; his earlier mount, Simona, being too old.

paragraph: On 1 July 1977, Steenken broke the FEI's rules on amateurism by signing a sponsorship deal with Campari. Twelve days later, he sustained serious head injuries as a passenger in a car which crashed into a wall returning from an amateur football match in which he had played. He fell into a coma and died six months later in Hanover.

description: West German equestrian

wikidata_label: Hartwig Steenken

wikipedia_title: Hartwig Steenken


text:
Old West
photojournalist
Tombstone, Arizona
Gunfight at the O.K. Corral
Ed Schieffelin
George E. Goodfellow
Josephine
Mary E. "Mollie" Fly
Smithsonian Museum
Andrew County, Missouri
California
Napa County
San Francisco
boarding house
Thomas Gardiner
Gunfight at the O.K. Corral
Sheriff John Behan
Ike Clanton
Wyatt Earp
Henry rifle
George Crook
Geronimo
Sierra Madre Mountains
Fort Bowie
large earthquake
Sonora
Mexico
George E. Goodfellow
Sierra Madre
photojournalism
Harper's Weekly
Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper
Charles Scribner's Sons
halftone
Bisbee
George Warren
Copper Queen Mine
Chiricahua Mountains
Bisbee
Smithsonian Institution
cabinet card
albumen print
Elmore Leonard
Article on C.S. Fly by Kathy Weiser
1886 Geronimo photos
Legendsofamerica.com
Library.umkc.edu

categories: People from Andrew County, Missouri,People of the American Old West,Lawmen of the American Old West,People from Tombstone, Arizona,1901 deaths,Cochise County conflict,1849 births,Chiricahua Mountains

paragraph: C. S. Fly

paragraph: Camillus "Buck" Sydney Fly (May 2, 1849 – October 12, 1901) was an Old West photographer who is regarded by some as an early photojournalist and who captured the only known images of Native Americans while still at war with the United States. He took many other pictures of life in the mining boom town of Tombstone, Arizona and the surrounding region. He recognized the value of his photographs to illustrate periodicals of the day and took his camera to the scenes of important events where he deliberately recorded them and resold pictures to editors nationwide.

paragraph: He was an eyewitness on October 26, 1881 to the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral, which took place outside his photography studio. He took pictures of a number of Tombstone residents including Tombstone founder Ed Schieffelin, pioneer surgeon Dr. George E. Goodfellow, Wyatt Earp's wife Josephine, and others.

paragraph: He served as Cochise County Sheriff from 1895 to 1897. Most of his negatives were destroyed by two fires that burned his studio to the ground. His widow, photographer Mary E. "Mollie" Fly, donated his remaining images to the Smithsonian Museum before she died in 1912. His photographs are legendary and highly prized.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: His parents were originally from Andrew County, Missouri. Shortly after Camillus' birth, his family migrated to California, eventually settling in Napa County. He became a farmer and on September 29, 1879, he married Mary ("Mollie") (née McKie) Goodrich in San Francisco. Both were skillful photographers. She had previously been married to Samuel D. Goodrich but divorced him after two years of marriage. They left California and arrived in the booming mining town of Tombstone, Arizona Territory in December 1879.

paragraph: Section::::Life in Tombstone.

paragraph: In Tombstone they immediately opened a temporary photography studio inside of a tent. In July, 1880, they completed construction on a 12-room boarding house at 312 Fremont Street in Tombstone that housed their photography studio and gallery in the back, called the "Fly Gallery". Mollie Fly actively managed Fly's Gallery when her husband was away. She was one of the few female photographers of the era, taking pictures of anyone who could pay the studio price of 35 cents. It's unknown how they divided photographic duties between them, although all known photographs are attributed to him.

paragraph: In June 1880, Fly partnered with C. A. Halstead in a studio at the Harshaw mining camp near the Mexican border. Veteran journalist Thomas Gardiner, publisher of "The Arizona Quarterly Illustrated", was seeking contributions and welcomed Fly's photographs. The premier July 1880 issue featured two of Fly's photographs as engravings.

paragraph: On October 26, 1881, the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral occurred in an alley adjacent to his boarding house. During the shootout, Cochise County Sheriff John Behan took cover inside the boarding house, watching the gunplay, only to be joined by Ike Clanton who ran away from the gunfight, telling Wyatt Earp that he was unarmed. Fly, armed with a Henry rifle, disarmed Billy Clanton as he lay dying against the house next door.

paragraph: Fly and Mollie raised a girl named Kitty, though it's not known whether she was adopted or was from another relationship. Mollie ran the boarding house and studio while her husband traveled around the region taking photographs.

paragraph: Section::::Life in Tombstone.:Pictures of Geronimo.

paragraph: In March, 1886, Department of Arizona General George Crook received word that the Apache leader Geronimo would meet him in Cañon de los Embudos, in the Sierra Madre Mountains about from Fort Bowie. Fly learned of the meeting and on March 20, 1886, took his equipment and attached himself to the military column. During the three days of negotiations, Fly took about 15 exposures on 8 by 10 inch glass negatives.

paragraph: One of the pictures of Geronimo with two of his sons standing alongside was made at Geronimo's request. Fly's images are the only existing photographs of Geronimo's surrender. He coolly posed his subjects, asking them to move and turn their heads and faces, to improve his composition.

paragraph: John Bourke described how Fly took the historic photographs:

paragraph: The Mayor of Tucson, C. M. Strauss, was present. He later wrote that:

paragraph: Geronimo, who was camped on the Mexican side of the border, agreed to the surrender terms. A soldier who sold them whiskey said that his band would be murdered as soon as they crossed the border. Geronimo and 25 of his followers slipped away during the night, costing Crook his command.

paragraph: Section::::Life in Tombstone.:Earthquake study.

paragraph: Fly became a heavy drinker and Molly briefly left him in Tombstone in 1887, taking Kitty with her to Florence. On May 3, 1887, a large earthquake struck Bavispe in Sonora, Mexico, destroying most of the adobe houses in Bavispe and killing 42 of the town's 700 residents. Tombstone Dr. George E. Goodfellow was fascinated by the earth movement and studied the earthquake's effects. He obtained a commission from the U.S. government to travel to the earthquake area, and on his second trip in July 1887 he brought C.S. Fly with him to help study and record the effects. They traveled over through the Sierra Madre mountains recording observations, mostly on foot. Goodfellow used Fly's images of the effects of the earthquake, the damaged and ruined buildings, and survivors to illustrate his report.

paragraph: As the Tombstone mines played out or flooded, Fly traveled to Fort Huachuca and Bisbee to take photographs of soldiers on their payday. On December 17, 1887 he toured Arizona with his camera and photographs. When the Tombstone economy further deteriorated, Fly made extended trips to Bisbee and Phoenix where he operated temporary studios. The "Tombstone Epitaph" noted his departure: "Mr. C.S. Fly, the well known photographer, leaves today for Florence, Phoenix and other points in the Territory … During his absence, Mrs. Fly also an accomplished photographic artist, will conduct the gallery in this city as usual." In November, 1893, they moved to Phoenix and opened a studio there. When the business failed, Fly returned to Tombstone in 1894, and Fly accepted the Democratic nomination for Sheriff.

paragraph: Section::::Life in Tombstone.:Role as photojournalist.

paragraph: More than a century before the idea of photojournalism was born, Fly apparently recognized the value of his images as illustrations and furnished high-quality prints to editors of journals, magazines, and newspapers. He sent 16 of his photographs of Geronimo and his Apache band to the popular publication "Harper's Weekly", which published six of them in their April 24, 1886 issue, giving Fly nationwide exposure. His photos of Geronimo and the other free Apaches, taken on March 25 and 26th, are only the known photographs taken of an American Indian while still at war with the United States. Unlike most of his contemporaries, he wasn't content to remain in his portrait studio, and took his camera to the scenes of important events, where he deliberately recorded them as candidly as his limited technology allowed. Fly capitalized on the popularity of the images and hired assistants to fill orders for 50 cents each, or $4.00 per dozen.

paragraph: Fly gained national attention again in 1888 when "Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper" published four more of his images taken during his trip to Mexico with Goodfellow. In 1891, Charles Scribner's Sons of New York published "On the Border with Crook" by Captain John G. Bourke, who had accompanied Crook on the expedition. It included the image of Geronimo's warriors lined up on a hill, but using the new halftone process, the first time a Fly photograph was printed using this technique.

paragraph: Though his drinking was becoming more and more heavy, he was elected as the Cochise County Sheriff in 1894 and served for two years. He chose not to run for Sheriff a second time in 1896. The town of Tombstone continued to suffer from a poor economy and he and Mollie relocated to the more prosperous industrial copper mining town of Bisbee. He produced pictures to illustrate the Copper King Mining Company's brochure in 1898. In 1900, the Arizona Graphic press printed "Souvenir of Bisbee", the first tourist brochure for Bisbee, including pictures by Fly. The first image was Fly's picture of miner George Warren, the "discoverer of the Copper Queen Mine."

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Fly ran a ranch in the Chiricahua Mountains for a period. Though Camillus and his wife had been separated for years, she was at his bedside when he died at Bisbee on October 12, 1901. She made arrangements to have his body returned to Tombstone, where it was buried in the new Tombstone Cemetery. Fly's Peak, the second highest named summit of the Chiricahua Mountains, is named in his honor.

paragraph: Section::::Molly Fly continues business.

paragraph: Mary Fly continued to run the Tombstone gallery on her own after her husband's death and in 1905, she published a collection of her husband's Indian campaign photographs entitled "Scenes in Geronimo's Camp: The Apache Outlaw and Murderer". Coral Henry, a young girl who the Flys cared for after her parents died, described Mollie as "about five feet of pure dignity, very plainly dressed, but in manner Queen Victoria had nothing on her."

paragraph: In 1912, the boarding house burned to the ground for the second time. A replica has since been built. The fire prompted Mary to retire and she moved to Los Angeles. Before she died, she donated her husband's collection of images to the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. She died in 1925.

paragraph: Section::::In popular culture.

paragraph: His images are very collectible and command premium prices today. A cabinet card of the image "Geronimo, Son, and Two Braves" was auctioned by the Heritage Auction Galleries in Dallas, Texas for $10,157.50 in 2010. A 6-5/8" x 9-1/2" albumen print photograph of "Geronimo and his warriors", taken in 1886, sold at auction on April 14, 2014 for $1,375.

paragraph: C. S. Fly appears in Elmore Leonard's western novel "Gunsights" (1979).

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ask the Marshall" in "True West Magazine" January/February 2009 issue, page 94

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Article on C.S. Fly by Kathy Weiser

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1886 Geronimo photos at the Library of Congress

paragraph: BULLET::::- Legendsofamerica.com

paragraph: BULLET::::- Library.umkc.edu

alias:
Camillus Sidney Fly
C.S. Fly
Camillus S. Fly

description: American photographer

wikidata_label: C. S. Fly

wikipedia_title: C. S. Fly


text:
Greek
Greco-Bactrian
Indo-Greek
Demetrius I
Eucratides the Great
Ai Khanoum
Eucratides I
Justin
Eucratides the Great
Apollodotus I
Euthydemid dynasty
Demetrius I
Demetrius III
Demetrius I
Demetrius I Soter
Pallas Athene
Indo-Greek Kingdom
Seleucid Empire
Greco-Buddhism
Indo-Scythians
Indo-Parthian Kingdom
Kushan Empire

categories: 2nd-century BC Indian monarchs,Indo-Greek kings,170 BC deaths

paragraph: Demetrius II of India

paragraph: Demetrius II (Greek: ) was a Greco-Bactrian/Indo-Greek king who ruled briefly during the 2nd century BC. Little is known about him and there are different views about how to date him. Earlier authors such as Tarn and Narain saw him as a son and sub-king of Demetrius I, but this view has now been abandoned.

paragraph: Osmund Bopearachchi has suggested that he ruled in Bactria and Arachosia c. 175–170 BC, but this has been challenged by later authors. R. C. Senior instead prefers c. 175–140 BC, and this is supported by L M Wilson who also assumes from numismatical clues and portrait likeness that Demetrius II was a relative of Eucratides the Great. The later dating is supported by the circumstance that no coins of Demetrius II have been found in the ruins of Ai Khanoum, which was presumably destroyed during the reign of Eucratides I.

paragraph: Section::::The enigma of "Demetrius, king of the Indians".

paragraph: History records one reference to a king Demetrius contemporary with Eucratides, and this reference is highly problematic.

paragraph: Roman historian Justin names a "Demetrius, king of the Indians", who was an "enemy" of Eucratides the Great. Justin's Demetrius beleaguered the warlike Eucratides with an army of 60,000 men against the latter's garrison of 300, but still — according to the probably exaggerated account — eventually was defeated. This episode is referred to as occurring at the end of the reign of Eucratides, hence dating the death of Justin's Demetrius around 150 BC. Justin's Demetrius may have been a relative of the Indian king Apollodotus I or a fugitive prince of the Euthydemid dynasty.

paragraph: However, the king of Justin's quote is not easily reconciled with the numismatical evidence, and views are divided as for how to interpret the various coinage series bearing the name Demetrius. Bopearachchi (1991) has singled out three kings named Demetrius. Demetrius I reigned c. 200-185 BC, well before the rise of Eucratides, and Demetrius III was an Indian king who is thought to have ruled much later, around 100 BC. There remains Demetrius II, who Bopearachchi suggested reigned around 170 BC.

paragraph: Bopearachchi continues to identify Demetrius II with Justin’s Demetrius of India, notwithstanding the fact that Justin's quote suggests a later reign. Furthermore, Bopearachchi’s Demetrius II reigned in Bactria and not in India, as he struck no coins with Indian legends. Therefore, the identity of Justin's "Demetrius, king of the Indians", remains uncertain. The following hypotheses may be considered:

paragraph: BULLET::::- The account of Justin, who is a second-hand source, is confused. Either Demetrius II was not king of India but Bactria, or the account of the war is mixed up, or the king's name is wrong, Justin having confused the name of another Indo-Greek king with that of Demetrius I.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bopearachchi's Demetrius III could be placed earlier - this king's coins are few and rather peculiar - and Demetrius III was in fact Justin's Demetrius who ruled half a century earlier.

paragraph: Even if Justin's "Demetrius, king of the Indians" existed, this does not foreclose the possibility that Eucratides also had a son named Demetrius, which was a common dynastic name at the time. The prince may have been named after the Seleucid Demetrius I Soter.

paragraph: Section::::Coins of Demetrius II.

paragraph: Demetrius II issued only silver and mostly tetradrachms, another trait which he has in common with the last Bactrian kings. The obverse shows a diademed portrait, with a standing Pallas Athene holding a spear on the reverse. Unlike most of his contemporaries, he has no epithet. Demetrius II is depicted as a young man, though his features differ considerably among the different issues. Several coins are struck off-center and crudely; this suggests that Demetrius II used a number of temporary mints.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Indo-Greek Kingdom

paragraph: BULLET::::- Seleucid Empire

paragraph: BULLET::::- Greco-Buddhism

paragraph: BULLET::::- Indo-Scythians

paragraph: BULLET::::- Indo-Parthian Kingdom

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kushan Empire

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Greeks in Bactria and India", W.W. Tarn, Cambridge University Press.

description: Indo-Greek king

wikidata_label: Demetrius II of India

wikipedia_title: Demetrius II of India


text: American Colonization Society

text: Liberia

text: Basking Ridge, New Jersey

text: University of Georgia

text: Princeton, New Jersey

text: College of New Jersey

text: Princeton University

text: Princeton, New Jersey

text: Glasgow, Scotland

text: John Witherspoon

text: Paisley

text: New Jersey

text: College of New Jersey

text: Charleston, South Carolina

text: Presbytery

text: New Brunswick, New Jersey

text: minister

text: Presbyterian

text: Basking Ridge

text: Sunday School

text: Basking Ridge, New Jersey

text: Brick Academy

text: University of Georgia

text: Brick Academy

text: College of New Jersey

text: Samuel John Mills

text: American Colonization Society

text: Washington, D.C.

text: Charles Muir Campbell

text: American Colonization Society

text: abolitionists

text: Africa

text: United States

text: Afro-Caribbeans

text: American Civil War

text: Jackson Street Cemetery

text: Athens, Georgia

text: Presbyterian Historical Society

text: Philadelphia

text: Pennsylvania

text: The Brick Academy

text: The American Colonization Society

text: Liberia

categories: People of colonial New Jersey,Presidents of the University of Georgia,American Presbyterians,Princeton University alumni,1772 births,People from Princeton, New Jersey,1817 deaths,American people of Scottish descent

paragraph: Robert Finley

paragraph: Robert Finley (1772 – October 3, 1817) was an American clergyman and educator from New Jersey who is known as one of the founders of the American Colonization Society, which established the colony of Liberia in West Africa as a place for free American blacks.

paragraph: He was a pastor for 20 years at a Presbyterian church in Basking Ridge, New Jersey, and also taught in elementary school and at a boys' academy. He served briefly in 1817 as the president of the University of Georgia before his death.

paragraph: Born in Princeton, New Jersey, Finley had graduated at the age of 15 from the College of New Jersey (later developed and renamed as Princeton University).

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Finley was born in Princeton, New Jersey, in 1772 to James Finley and his wife Ann Angrest. His father, James Finley, was born 1737 in Glasgow, Scotland, where he was trained as a yarn merchant and where he became acquainted with Rev John Witherspoon, then a pastor in the town of Paisley about six miles from Glasgow. His father immigrated from Scotland to New Jersey in 1769. His paternal grandparents were James Finley from Paisley, and Ann McDonald Finley.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Robert Finley entered the College of New Jersey at the age of 11 and graduated in 1787, at the age of 15, at a time when it served more as a boys' academy. He taught at several places, including Charleston, South Carolina, where many households held enslaved African Americans. Thousands of others worked on plantations outside the city.

paragraph: The Presbytery of New Brunswick, New Jersey licensed Finley as a minister in 1794. He returned to Princeton in 1793 to study theology, and served as a tutor. He was appointed as a trustee of the university in 1806 and served until his resignation in 1817, when he departed for Georgia.

paragraph: In 1795, Finley was ordained as the pastor of the Presbyterian church at Basking Ridge, where he served for 20 years. He was a popular preacher and noted educator, developing the concept of the modern Sunday School curriculum.

paragraph: Section::::Basking Ridge, New Jersey.

paragraph: Finley taught at the Princeton University Grammar School; and at the Basking Ridge, New Jersey Classical School (Brick Academy), a boys' seminary. He worked there from 1795 until his acceptance of the University of Georgia (UGA) presidency in July 1817.

paragraph: In 1795, Dr. Robert Finley, re-established the private academy, known as the Basking Ridge Classical School, conducting classes first at the Presbyterian parsonage and then in a new frame school building erected near the church. In 1809, with enrollment expanding, Finley organized financing and construction of a new two-story brick building, prominently located in the center of the village of Basking Ridge (Brick Academy).

paragraph: Boys were drawn both from the local area and from more distant places, such as Virginia and New York City, to attend this private preparatory academy. Most were given a classical education in preparation to enter the College of New Jersey (later expanded and renamed as Princeton University). Students boarded with Dr. Finley and other local residents. Two buildings still standing near the Brick Academy were later used as dormitories.

paragraph: Section::::American Colonization Society.

paragraph: Dr. Finley and Samuel John Mills helped organize the "National Colonization Society of America" and the American Colonization Society at Washington, D.C. in 1816 and 1817. They solicited contributions from many contemporaries, including former students such as Charles Muir Campbell.

paragraph: The American Colonization Society (ACS) proposed to relocate free American blacks to a colony in West Africa. The Society gained support from both some abolitionists and slaveholders, for differing reasons. Free blacks faced discrimination in both the free states of the North, where slavery was abolished after the Revolution (in a gradual process in some places) and in the slave societies of the South. In the latter areas, free blacks were feared as being influential in disrupting slaves and leading slave rebellions.

paragraph: Some abolitionists believed that black people would face better chances for freedom and prosperity in Africa than in the United States. Also, if there were a colony available to them where they could be resettled, abolitionists hoped to gain more manumissions of slaves and eventually end the institution. African Americans gradually moved into positions in the government. The Republic of Liberia declared its independence on July 26, 1847. Between January 7, 1822, and the American Civil War, more than 15,000 freed and free-born American black people, and 3,198 Afro-Caribbeans, relocated to the settlement. Pioneers suffered extremely high mortality rates in the early years from new tropical diseases and lack of sanitation and infrastructure.

paragraph: The U.S. did not recognize Liberia's independence until February 5, 1862, during the American Civil War, because of previous opposition by Southern Congressmen. After the South seceded, remaining legislators voted to recognize the republic.

paragraph: In 1817, Finley fell ill while traveling south to assume his new position as president of the University of Georgia. He died three months after arriving. He was buried in Jackson Street Cemetery on the school's north campus in Athens, Georgia.

paragraph: Section::::Archival Collections.

paragraph: The Presbyterian Historical Society in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, has sermons and a Latin manuscript from Robert Finley in its collections.

paragraph: Section::::Additional Information.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The History of Religion in Basking Ridge, New Jersey

paragraph: BULLET::::- Basking Ridge Presbyterian Church History

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Brick Academy

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Historical Society of the Somerset Hills

paragraph: BULLET::::- The American Colonization Society

paragraph: BULLET::::- Liberia

description: President of the University of Georgia

wikidata_label: Robert Finley

wikipedia_title: Robert Finley


text: post-punk

text: Killing Joke

text: Prong

text: Ministry

text: Zilch

text: Wolverhampton

text: West Midlands

text: Jon Raven

text: Neon Hearts

text: Popular Music

text: Tyla

text: Dogs D'Amour

text: Tony McPhee

text: Killing Joke

text: Youth

text: Fire Dances

text: Night Time

text: Brighter than a Thousand Suns

text: Outside the Gate

text: Killing Joke

text: Jaz Coleman

text: Murder, Inc.

text: Chris Connelly

text: Pigface

text: Martin Atkins

text: bassist

text: Youth

text: Cleansing

text: Rude Awakening

text: Zilch

text: hide

text: Joey Castillo

text: Godflesh

text: United States

text: Society 1

text: Society 1

text: Killing Joke

text: Hosannas from the Basements of Hell

text: Al Jourgensen

text: Ministry

text: Rio Grande Blood

text: The Last Sucker

text: Mark Gemini Thwaite

text: The Mission

text: Peter Murphy

text: Mob Research

text: Warrior Soul

text: frontman

text: Queens of the Stone Age

text: heart attack

text: Treponem Pal

categories: Pigface members,English heavy metal bass guitarists,Post-punk musicians,Male bass guitarists,Killing Joke members,1961 births,English industrial musicians,People from Wolverhampton,English rock bass guitarists,Ministry (band) members,20th-century bass guitarists,2007 deaths,English punk rock bass guitarists,Zilch (band) members,20th-century British musicians,Godflesh members,Murder, Inc. (band) members

paragraph: Paul Raven (musician)

paragraph: Paul Vincent Raven (16 January 1961 – 20 October 2007) was an English bassist best known for his work in the post-punk group Killing Joke. He later played in the industrial music bands Prong, Ministry, and Zilch.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Raven was born on 16 January 1961 in Wolverhampton, West Midlands, and was the son of folk musician Jon Raven. His early musical career included stints in Neon Hearts, who released 3 singles from 1977–79 and the album Popular Music in 1979, and the short-lived 1982 glam rock band, Kitsch, which also included Rook Randle and Tyla, before he would go on to larger success with his band, Dogs D'Amour. In the summer of 1980 he played bass with the also short-lived Tony McPhee's Turbo. The band played a few gigs and recorded a three-track session for Capitol Radio. Turbo included Clive Brooks, the drummer with Tony McPhee's band the Groundhogs (1972–1975).

paragraph: Raven's big break came when he replaced original Killing Joke bassist Youth in mid-1982, just in time for the North American tour documented on the "Ha!" live EP. He was with the group through its most commercially successful period, appearing on the "Fire Dances", "Night Time" and "Brighter than a Thousand Suns" albums, before leaving during the recording of 1988's "Outside the Gate", rejoining in time for 1990's "Extremities, Dirt & Various Repressed Emotions".

paragraph: After touring in support of this album, Killing Joke split up, with all members except lead vocalist Jaz Coleman going on to form Murder, Inc. in 1991, adding vocalist Chris Connelly. During this time, Raven also participated in Pigface, a project conceived by drummer Martin Atkins, which operated with a fluid change of differing musicians in their lineup.

paragraph: Killing Joke reformed in 1992, but it was with original bassist Youth back in the fold. Raven next joined Prong, appearing on their "Cleansing" and "Rude Awakening" albums. After leaving Prong in 1996, he began a career as a producer and remixer and also played with the group Zilch, along with hide, Joey Castillo and Ray McVeigh.

paragraph: In 2002 Paul Raven had been brought on for a Godflesh two-month tour of the United States, but the band disbanded just before departing. In 2003, Raven played bass on "Exit Through Fear" with Society 1 and performed on the subsequent tour for the album. He later left Society 1, rejoining Killing Joke for their 2003 release, "Killing Joke" (their second album by that name), and its follow up, "Hosannas from the Basements of Hell". In 2005, Raven began working with Al Jourgensen of Ministry for their album "Rio Grande Blood". In 2006, Raven completed a European and American tour with Ministry. In 2007, Raven wrote and recorded on Ministry's next studio album "The Last Sucker" and also began work together with Mark Gemini Thwaite (of The Mission and Peter Murphy's band) on a new project called Mob Research. Warrior Soul frontman Kory Clarke and ex-Queens of the Stone Age (and later Peter Murphy) drummer Nick Lucero completed the line-up.

paragraph: Raven died of a heart attack in his sleep on 20 October 2007 in Geneva, Switzerland, where he was recording with Treponem Pal vocalist Marco Neves.

description: musician

wikidata_label: Paul Raven

wikipedia_title: Paul Raven (musician)


text: Romania

text: Roman Catholic Diocese of Satu Mare

text: ethnic Hungarian

text: Turulung

text: Satu Mare County

text: Carei

text: Satu Mare

text: Baia Mare

text: Petreşti

text: Dorolț

text: Sighetu Marmaţiei

text: cathedral

text: Alba Iulia Archbishop

text: György Jakubinyi

categories: People from Satu Mare County,Romanian Roman Catholic bishops,1959 births,Romanian religious leaders of Hungarian descent,Living people

paragraph: Jenő Schönberger

paragraph: Jenő or Eugen Schönberger (born June 18, 1959) is a Romanian cleric, bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Satu Mare. Born into an ethnic Hungarian family in Turulung ("Túrterebes"), Satu Mare County, he studied at the Roman Catholic Theological Institute of Alba Iulia before being ordained in 1985. He was assistant priest in Carei, Satu Mare and Baia Mare and parish priest in Petreşti and Satu Mare. From 1997 to 2001, he was spiritual director and professor of liturgics at Alba Iulia. In 2001 he became parish priest at Dorolț, and the following year he was transferred to Sighetu Marmaţiei. In 2003 he was consecrated bishop in the cathedral in Satu Mare by Alba Iulia Archbishop György Jakubinyi.

description: Roman Catholic bishop

wikidata_label: Jenő Schönberger

wikipedia_title: Jenő Schönberger


text: professional

text: baseball player

text: pitcher

text: Chicago Cubs

text: Cincinnati Reds

text: Chicago White Sox

text: turkey

text: Brooklyn, New York

text: Brooklyn Dodgers

text: Brooklyn Technical High School

text: World War II

text: Battle of the Bulge

text: Purple Heart

text: Rule 5 draft

text: appearances

text: relief pitcher

text: earned run average

text: saves

text: strikeout

text: American League

text: games finished

text: 1959 World Series

text: Los Angeles Dodgers

text: National League

text: Pueblo, Colorado

categories: Chicago White Sox players,Deaths from leukemia,Cincinnati Redlegs players,Deaths from cancer in Colorado,Montreal Royals players,Chicago Cubs players,Brooklyn Technical High School alumni,Sportspeople from Pueblo, Colorado,Pueblo Dodgers players,Baseball players from New York (state),American military personnel of World War II,2016 deaths,Fort Worth Cats players,1924 births,Major League Baseball pitchers,Los Angeles Angels (minor league) players,Sportspeople from Brooklyn,Newport News Dodgers players

paragraph: Turk Lown

paragraph: Omar Joseph "Turk" Lown (May 30, 1924 – July 8, 2016) was an American professional baseball player. He was a right-handed pitcher over parts of eleven seasons (1951–54, 1956–62) with the Chicago Cubs, Cincinnati Reds and Chicago White Sox. The , Lown received his nickname as a child because of his fondness for eating turkey.

paragraph: A native of Brooklyn, New York, Lown was signed as an amateur free agent by the Brooklyn Dodgers and entered their farm system in 1942. He attended and graduated from Brooklyn Technical High School. His baseball career was interrupted by World War II, serving in the US Army as an infantryman seeing action in the Battle of the Bulge and receiving the Purple Heart. Following his military service, he returned to minor league baseball with the Dodgers from 1946–50. In November 1950, he was selected by the Chicago Cubs in the Rule 5 draft making his major league debut on April 24, 1951.

paragraph: For his career, Lown compiled a 55–61 record in 504 appearances, mostly as a relief pitcher, with a 4.12 earned run average, 73 saves and 574 strikeouts. In 1959, he led the American League in saves and games finished to help lead the White Sox to the pennant. Lown did not give up a run in three appearances in the 1959 World Series loss to the Los Angeles Dodgers. He also led the National League in successive seasons (1956–57) in games finished, while topping the NL in games pitched (67) in 1957.

paragraph: Lown celebrated his 90th birthday with Violet, his wife of 65 years, their three sons, four grandchildren, four great-grandchildren, and many close friends, on Memorial Day 2014, in Pueblo, Colorado, where he played minor league baseball and in 1947 met Violet Krizman, who "became his best friend for life." They returned to Pueblo, where he worked as a mail carrier for 23 years, after he retired from professional baseball.

paragraph: Lown died on July 8, 2016, of leukemia.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball all-time saves leaders

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball annual saves leaders

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Turk Lown

wikipedia_title: Turk Lown


text:
Cuggiono
Milan
Italian
road bicycle racer
Giro della Valle d'Aosta

wikipedia_title:
Cuggiono
Province of Milan
Italy
Road bicycle racing
Giro della Valle d'Aosta

categories: Italian male cyclists,1980 births,Living people,Sportspeople from Lombardy,Tour de France cyclists,Vuelta a España cyclists,People from Cuggiono,Giro d'Italia cyclists

paragraph: Marco Marzano

paragraph: Marco Marzano (born 10 June 1980 in Cuggiono, Milan) is an Italian former professional road bicycle racer, who competed as a professional between 2005 and 2012.

paragraph: Section::::Major results.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Baby Giro – 1 stage & Overall (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 3rd, National Amateur Road Race Championship (2004)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Giro della Valle d'Aosta – 1 stage & Overall (2003)

description: Italian road bicycle racer

wikidata_label: Marco Marzano

wikipedia_title: Marco Marzano


text:
Sarpsborg
Østfold
Hafslund
Tønsberg
Fredrikstad Fortress
Østfold
Ordre de l'Union Parfaite
Juliana Maria

categories: 1700 births,People from Østfold,18th-century Danish people,Danish ladies-in-waiting,1778 deaths

paragraph: Karen Huitfeldt

paragraph: Karen Huitfeldt, née " Werenskiold" (3 June 1700-1778) was a Danish courtier.

paragraph: She was born at Sarpsborg in  Østfold as the daughter of the nobleman Niels Werenschiold til Hafslund (1669–1741) and Elisabeth deTønsberg (1673–1742). In 1719, she married nobleman Hartvig Huitfeldt (1677–1748) who was Lieutenant General and commander at Fredrikstad Fortress in Østfold from 1740.

paragraph: Karen Huitfeldt was given the Ordre de l'Union Parfaite in 1755 and served as Chief Court Mistress ("overhoffmesterinne") to Queen Juliana Maria from 1757-1767.

wikidata_label: Karen Huitfeldt

wikipedia_title: Karen Huitfeldt


text:
Tokugawa shogunate
Daigaku-no-kami
Hayashi clan
bakufu
Hayashi Razan
schema
rector
Yushima Seidō
Meiji Restoration
Commodore Perry
Edo Bay
Treaty of Kanagawa
Oxford University Press
RoutledgeCurzon
RoutledgeCurzon
Cambridge University Press
Hayashi clan (Confucian scholars)

categories: 1833 births,Officials of the Tokugawa shogunate,Government of feudal Japan

paragraph: Hayashi Gakusai

paragraph: , formerly Hayashi Noboru, was a neo-Confucian scholar and a bakufu official in the late Tokugawa shogunate.

paragraph: Section::::Academician.

paragraph: Hayashi "Daigaku-no-kami" Gakusai was a member of the Hayashi clan of Confucian scholars, each of whom were "ad hoc" personal advisers to the shōguns prominent figures in the educational training system for the "bakufu" bureaucrats. The progenitor of this lineage of scholars was Hayashi Razan, who lived to witness his philosophical and pragmatic reasoning become a foundation for the dominant ideology of the "bakufu" until the end of the 19th century.

paragraph: This evolution developed in part from the official Hayashi "schema" equating samurai with the cultured governing class (although the samurai were largely illiterate at the beginning of the Tokugawa shogunate). The Hayashi helped to legitimize the role of the militaristic "bakufu" at the beginning of its existence. His philosophy is also important in that it encouraged the samurai class to cultivate themselves, a trend which would become increasingly widespread over the course of his lifetime and beyond. One of Hayashi "Daigaku-no-kami" Razan's aphorism encapsulates this view:

paragraph: The Hayashi played a prominent role is helping to maintain the theoretical underpinnings of the Tokugawa regime; and Hayashi "Daigaku-no-kami" Gakusai was the 12th hereditary rector of "Yushima Seidō".

paragraph: The privileges and honors he and his family and his clan had enjoyed up through 1867 were stripped from them during the turmoil which accompanied the Meiji Restoration in 1868.

paragraph: Section::::Kanagawa convention of 1853.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kaei 7 (1853): Commodore Perry returned to Edo Bay to force Japanese agreement to the Treaty of Kanagawa; and the chief Japanese negotiator was "Daigaku-no kami" Hayashi Akira, who was known to the Americans as "Prince Commissioner Hayashi".

paragraph: Hayashi Noboru's signature can be found on the Japanese translation of the Dutch text of the agreement negotiated between Commodore Perry and Daigaku-no-kami Hayashi, implying some degree of participation in this historic negotiation.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beasley, William G. (1955). "Select Documents on Japanese Foreign Policy, 1853–1868." London: Oxford University Press. [reprinted by RoutledgeCurzon, London, 2001. (cloth)]

paragraph: BULLET::::- Blomberg, Catherina. (1994). "The Heart of the Warrior: Origins and Religious Background of the Samurai in Feudal Japan." London: RoutledgeCurzon.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cullen, L.M. (2003). "A History of Japan, 1582-1941: Internal and External Worlds." Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (cloth) (paper)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hawks, Francis. (1856). "Narrative of the Expedition of an American Squadron to the China Seas and Japan Performed in the Years 1852, 1853 and 1854 under the Command of Commodore M.C. Perry, United States Navy," Washington: A. O. P. Nicholson by order of Congress, 1856; originally published in "Senate Executive Documents", No. 34 of 33rd Congress, 2nd Session. [reprinted by London:Trafalgar Square, 2005. (paper)]

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sewall, John S. (1905). "The Logbook of the Captain's Clerk: Adventures in the China Seas," Bangor, Maine: Chas H. Glass & Co. [reprint by Chicago: R.R. Donnelly & Sons, 1995]

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hayashi clan (Confucian scholars)

description: Japanese writer

wikidata_label: Hayashi Gakusai

wikipedia_title: Hayashi Gakusai


text: Lochem

text: Gelderland

text: Dutch

text: sidecarcross

text: World Champion

text: Daniël Willemsen

text: Dutch

text: Markelo

text: French

text: Baugé

text: Dutch championship

text: Champions

categories: People from Lochem,Living people,1977 births

paragraph: Marcel Willemsen

paragraph: Marcel Willemsen (born 28 May 1977 in Lochem, Gelderland) is a Dutch sidecarcross passenger and 1999 World Champion.

paragraph: Marcel won the 1999 world championship as the passenger for his older brother, the seven times world champion Daniël Willemsen. After this, he left his brothers team and started racing as a sidecarcross driver himself, competing in the Dutch and the world championship.

paragraph: Willemsen is married and has three children, living in Lochem. In 2007 he announced that 2008 would be his last season as a GP rider, retiring from the international competition but took part in a limited number of races in the following seasons and raced a full season again in 2012.

paragraph: Marcel started racing with his brother Daniël in the world championship in 1995. As a passenger, his first world championship race was the Dutch GP in Markelo on 24 September 1995, which is the only one he raced in that season. The two brothers quickly improved and the next season saw their first win, at the French GP in Baugé on 12 May 1996. From season to season they improved, culminating in a one-point win of the world championship in 1999. Marcel suffered serious injuries in a training run in February 2000, finding himself temporarily paralysed and unable to continue racing.

paragraph: He made a surprising recovery within ten months and returned to the sidecarcross world championship in 2001, now as a driver, with his countryman Rene Boon as passenger. Marcel could however not archive the same success there as he had with his brother, a tenth overall finish in 2006 being his strongest season result. Three fifth place finishes in races were his best results in individual events. The 2008 season, now with his German passenger Marco Godau, was to be his last as an international rider, but he may continue to race in the Dutch championship were his showings have been much stronger over the years. He did take part in the Dutch and Swiss GP with passenger Bruno Kaelin in 2009, achieving good results.

paragraph: He mainly raced in the 2009 German Championship, where he finished second overall. In 2010, Willemsen participated in three Grand Prix once more, again with Bruno Kaelin as his passenger. In 2011, he took part in twelve races, using Gertie Eggink as his passenger, who had won the world championship in the previous year as passenger of Marcel's brother. With the same passenger in 2012, Willemsen finished in eighth place in the world championship, earning his first-ever podium finish as a driver at the first race of the 2012 Belgian GP.

paragraph: In the 2013 season he only took part in one event of the GP season, the first race of the Belgian GP, where he and his passenger Gertie Eggink came eleventh. The pair raced in five events in 2014 and came 20th overall, a result repeated in 2015.

paragraph: Section::::Sidecarcross world championship results.:Season by season.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Passengers" in italics.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.:World Championship.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Champions: (1) 1999

paragraph: BULLET::::- Runners-up: (1) 1998

paragraph: Section::::Honours.:Netherlands.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Champions: (2) 1998, 1999

paragraph: BULLET::::- Runners-up: (1) 1997

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marcel Willemsens official website (in Dutch)

paragraph: BULLET::::- The World Championship on Sidecarcross.com

description: Dutch sidecarcross rider

wikidata_label: Marcel Willemsen

wikipedia_title: Marcel Willemsen


text:
chess
Bohemian Championship
Karel Hromádka
World War I
Czechoslovak Chess Championship
Emanuel Lasker
Richard Réti
Boris Kostić
Karl Gilg
Karel Opočenský
Salo Flohr
Chess Olympiads
1st Chess Olympiad
2nd Chess Olympiad
3rd Chess Olympiad
3rd unofficial Chess Olympiad
World War II
Bohemia&Moravia-ch
Jan Foltys
Čeněk Kottnauer

categories: Czech chess players,1949 deaths,1890 births,Chess Olympiad competitors

paragraph: Amos Pokorný

paragraph: Amos Pokorný (March 1890 – August 18, 1949) was a Czech chess master.

paragraph: He shared 1st at Pilsen (Plzeň) 1911, tied for 4th-7th at Böhmisch Trübau (Česká Třebová) 1913, and took 8th at Jungbunzlau (Mladá Boleslav) 1913 (Bohemian Championship, Karel Hromádka won).

paragraph: After World War I, he took 2nd, behind Max Walter, at Pardubice (Pardubitz) 1923 (Czechoslovak Chess Championship), took 11th at Moravská Ostrava (Mährisch Ostrau) 1923 (Emanuel Lasker won), tied for 3rd-5th at Bratislava 1925 (CSR-ch, Richard Réti won), took 9th at Trenčianske Teplice (Trentschin-Teplitz) 1926 (Boris Kostić and Karl Gilg won), took 4th at České Budějovice 1927 (CSR-ch, Karel Opočenský won), took 9th at Trenčianske Teplice 1928 (Kostić won), tied for 3rd-4th at Brno 1929 (CSR-ch, Opočenský won), tied for 3rd-4th at Prague 1933 ("Army") and shared 1st with Salo Flohr at Mnichovo Hradiště (Münchengrätz) 1933 (CSR-ch).

paragraph: Pokorny played for Czechoslovakia in Chess Olympiads:

paragraph: BULLET::::- In the 1st Chess Olympiad at London 1927 (+5 –5 =2);

paragraph: BULLET::::- In the 2nd Chess Olympiad at The Hague 1928 (+4 –3 =5);

paragraph: BULLET::::- In the 3rd Chess Olympiad at Hamburg 1930 (+6 –5 =3);

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 3rd unofficial Chess Olympiad at Munich 1936 (+8 –5 =3).

paragraph: During World War II, he took 11th at Rakovnik 1940 (Bohemia&Moravia-ch, Jan Foltys won), and tied for 9th-10th at Zlín 1943 (Čeněk Kottnauer won).

description: Czech chess player

wikidata_label: Amos Pokorný

wikipedia_title: Amos Pokorný


text:
The New York Times
The Stone
Dissent Magazine
Chronicle Review
Yale Review
The American Scholar
Huffington Post
The New Republic
CUNY Graduate Center
Mellon Foundation
William Riley Parker Prize
John Milton
University of Ottawa
University of Toronto
University of Illinois College of Law
Journal of the History of Ideas
University of Toronto Quarterly
Huntington Library Quarterly
postsecularism
tyrannicide
Egyptian-Canadian
Edmonton, Alberta
South Orange, New Jersey

categories: University of Ottawa alumni,Living people,American literary critics,University of Toronto alumni,Graduate Center, CUNY faculty,University of Illinois College of Law alumni

paragraph: Feisal G. Mohamed

paragraph: Feisal G. Mohamed is a scholar, critic, and essayist whose writing has appeared in "The New York Times" series "The Stone," in "Dissent Magazine," the "Chronicle Review," "the Yale Review, The American Scholar", "Huffington Post," and on the website of "The New Republic." He is currently a professor at the CUNY Graduate Center. Among his awards and recognitions are a New Directions Fellowship from the Mellon Foundation, an Honorable Mention for the Modern Language Association's William Riley Parker Prize, and a James Holly Hanford Award for an outstanding book on poet John Milton. He holds a BSc in Biology (1997) and MA in English (1999) from the University of Ottawa, a PhD in English (2003) from the University of Toronto, and an LLM (2012) from the University of Illinois College of Law.

paragraph: Mohamed's academic writing focuses on early modern English literature, as in his books "In the Anteroom of Divinity" (2008); "Milton and the Post-secular Present" (2011); "Milton and Questions of History" (2012), co-edited with Mary Nyquist; and "Milton's Modernities" (2017), co-edited with Patrick Fadely. Journals in which his work has appeared include "Milton Quarterly", "Milton Studies," "PMLA", "Journal of the History of Ideas," "University of Toronto Quarterly," and "Huntington Library Quarterly." He is a past president of the Milton Society of America and editorial board member of "Milton Studies." Responding to widespread defunding of public higher education and of the humanities in particular, often referred to as the "crisis in the humanities," he co-edited with Gordon Hutner the volume "A New Deal for the Humanities: Liberal Arts and the Future of Public Higher Education" (2016).

paragraph: Ideas with which Mohamed is associated are postsecularism and tyrannicide. His work has frequently engaged in a critique of US policy and culture, liberal and conservative, surrounding the "war on terror," and he has written regularly on the Egyptian Revolution of 2011.

paragraph: Mohamed is an Egyptian-Canadian born in Edmonton, Alberta. He currently lives in South Orange, New Jersey with his wife, Sally, and two daughters.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: · "Milton and the Post-Secular Present: Ethics, Politics, Terrorism" ()

paragraph: · "In the Anteroom of Divinity: The Reformation of the Angels from Colet to Milton" ()

paragraph: · "Milton's Modernities: Poetry, Philosophy, and History from the Seventeenth Century to the Present," edited with Patrick Fadely ()

paragraph: · "A New Deal for the Humanities: Liberal Arts and the Future of Public Higher Education," edited with Gordon Hutner ()

paragraph: · "Milton and Questions of History: Essays by Canadians Past and Present," edited with Mary Nyquist ()

wikidata_label: Feisal G. Mohamed

wikipedia_title: Feisal G. Mohamed


text:
Drogo Sacramentary
bishop of Metz
Louis the Pious
Abbey
Neuwiller-lès-Saverne
Pope Leo IX

paragraph: Adelphus

paragraph: According to a historical catalogue inserted in the Drogo Sacramentary (folio 126), Adelphe (also known as Adelfus, Adelphus, Adelfius) is the 10th bishop of Metz. Most agree he lived in the fifth century. Louis the Pious has moved his remains in the Abbey of Neuwiller-lès-Saverne, in 826. He was canonized on 3 December 1049 by Pope Leo IX. He is commemorated in the Roman Martyrology on Aug. 29.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Henri Tribout de Morembert : "Le Diocèse de Metz", Letouzey & Ané, Paris, 1970.

description: bishop of Metz

wikidata_label: Adelphus

wikipedia_title: Adelphus


text:
Whig
Lea & Perrins
Worcestershire sauce
East India Company
Arthur Hill, 2nd Marquess of Downshire
Mary, 1st Baroness Sandys
Arthur Hill, 3rd Marquess of Downshire
Member of Parliament
Newry
Evesham
Comptroller of the Household
Lord Melbourne
Lord John Russell
Treasurer of the Household
Arthur Cheek

categories: UK MPs 1832–1835,Whig (British political party) MPs,Younger sons of marquesses,Younger sons of barons,UK MPs 1847–1852,1798 births,UK MPs 1837–1841,Hill family,Members of the Privy Council of the United Kingdom,Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for Newry (1801–1918),Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies,1863 deaths,Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom,Treasurers of the Household,UK MPs 1841–1847

paragraph: Marcus Sandys, 3rd Baron Sandys

paragraph: Arthur Marcus Cecil Sandys, 3rd Baron Sandys (28 January 1798 – 10 April 1863), known as Lord Marcus Hill until 1860, was a British Whig politician. Lea & Perrins has claimed that Sandys encountered a precursor to Worcestershire sauce while in India with the East India Company in the 1830s, and commissioned the local apothecaries to recreate it, eventually leading to its popularity in England.

paragraph: Section::::Background.

paragraph: Born Lord Marcus Hill, Sandys was a younger son of Arthur Hill, 2nd Marquess of Downshire, and Mary, 1st Baroness Sandys, daughter of Colonel the Hon. Martin Sandys. Arthur Hill, 3rd Marquess of Downshire was his elder brother.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.

paragraph: Sandys was Member of Parliament for Newry from 1832 to 1835 and for Evesham from 1838 to 1852. He served as Comptroller of the Household under Lord Melbourne in 1841 and under Lord John Russell between 1846 and 1847 and as Treasurer of the Household under Russell between 1847 and 1852. In 1860 he succeeded his elder brother as third Baron Sandys. The following year he assumed by Royal licence the surname of Sandys in lieu of Hill.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Lord Sandys married Louisa, daughter of Joseph Blake, in 1837. He died in April 1863, aged 65, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Augustus. Lady Sandys died in April 1886.

paragraph: He was a godfather to Arthur Cheek, "the young martyr of Allahabad", who was given the forenames Arthur Marcus Hill in his honour.

alias:
Marcus Sandys
Arthur Marcus Cecil Sandys Hill
Marcus Hill

description: British politician

wikidata_label: Marcus Sandys, 3rd Baron Sandys

wikipedia_title: Marcus Sandys, 3rd Baron Sandys


text: Jaén

text: Uclés

text: Baeza

text: Úbeda

text: Renaissance

text: Alcaraz

text: Albacete

text: Jaén

text: Villacarrillo

text: Úbeda

text: Diego de Siloé

text: Francisco de los Cobos

text: Vazquez de Molina Square

text: Vázquez de Molina Palace

text: Baeza

text: Jaén Cathedral

text: Alonso de Vandelvira

categories: 1509 births,16th-century Spanish architects,Renaissance architects,Spanish Renaissance people,People from the Province of Albacete,1575 deaths

paragraph: Andrés de Vandelvira

paragraph: Andrés de Vandelvira (1509–1575) was a Spanish architect, active mainly in Jaén, Uclés, Baeza, and Úbeda during the Renaissance. He was born in Alcaraz, in the province of Albacete and died in Jaén.

paragraph: The church of Nuestra Señora de la Asunción in Villacarrillo was one of his first works in Jaén.

paragraph: Among his most notable works is the "Chapel of the Savior" in Úbeda, based on a project by Diego de Siloé, and commissioned by Francisco de los Cobos. The Chapel is located on the Vazquez de Molina Square next to the Dean Ortega Palace and the Vázquez de Molina Palace, both designed by Vandelvira. He completed the Chapel of the Benavides in the convent of San Francisco of Baeza. He also helped complete the cathedral de Baeza, the Convent of Santo Domingo de La Guardia in Jaén, and the Hospital de Santiago in Úbeda. His masterpiece is considered the Jaén Cathedral.

paragraph: One of his sons, Alonso de Vandelvira, published a book on stone-cutting, entitled "Libro de cortes de piedra", in which he disseminated the mountaineering technique or stereotomy, which deals with constructive planning in three dimensions, and which helped to make known in Europe, the extraordinary scientific work of his father

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Church of la Santísima Trinidad (Alcaraz)

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- From Spanish Wikipedia entry

alias:
Andrés de Valdevira
Andrés de Valdelvira
Andrés de Vandaelvira
Andrés Vandealvira
Andrés De Vandelvira
Andres de Vandelvira
Andres de Valdevira
Andres de Valdelvira
Andres de Vandaelvira
Andres Vandealvira

description: Spanish architect

wikidata_label: Andrés de Vandelvira

wikipedia_title: Andrés de Vandelvira


text: United States Navy

text: Boatswain's Mate Second Class

text: Medal of Honor

text: World War I

text: Winnipeg

text: Manitoba

text: Milwaukee

text: architect

text: Hampton Roads, Virginia

text: Dementia

text: Newark, New Jersey

text: desertion

text: New York City

text: Detective

text: Wall Street

text: Court-Martial

text: teamster

text: Wells Fargo

text: tugboat

text: Mohawk (YT-17)

text: Norfolk Naval Shipyard

text: schooner

text: Boatswain's Mate Second Class

text: United States Navy

text: discharge

text: Red Cross

text: Boulder Dam

categories: United States Navy Medal of Honor recipients,American military personnel of World War I,1973 deaths,1890 births

paragraph: John Otto Siegel

paragraph: John Otto Siegel (April 21, 1892 – August 15, 1943) was a United States Navy Boatswain's Mate Second Class who earned the Medal of Honor for extraordinary heroism while serving on board of the during World War I.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: John Otto Siegel was the adopted son of Julius N. Siegel and Annie Vance, both of Germany. John was brought to the US from Germany arriving in New York via Canada in October 1899 with his mother and father. They lived for a short time in Winnipeg, Manitoba where Julius, listed as a Roman Catholic, worked as an architect. By 1903, Julius Siegel was living in Milwaukee and still working as an architect. By 1905, John and his mother are also with Julius in Milwaukee.

paragraph: Section::::Naval career.

paragraph: Section::::Naval career.:First enlistment.

paragraph: Siegel enlisted with the Navy on 21 May 1909 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin with his parents consent just after turning 17 years of age. Siegel spent his first 7 months of service serving aboard the as an "Ordinary Seaman" during the year of 1909. In 1910 Siegel transfers to the for a month then he transfers to the which was docked at Hampton Roads, Virginia in 1909 for modifications. During this time he spends 25 days in Norfolk Naval Hospital suffering from Dementia. Siegel continued to live with his aging parents at 418 12th Street Milwaukee, WI. In December 1910 he transfers to the where he remains until June 1911.

paragraph: In 1911, Siegel is shown as an "agent" and still living with his father in Milwaukee. By the end of June he is working aboard the where he will serve the remainder of his 1st enlistment. In 1912, Siegel now is listed as a "sailor" at the same address with his parents.

paragraph: On 22 September 1912, John married his first wife Teresa Rose Neilas, age 19 years. The marriage took place at St. James Catholic Church, Newark, New Jersey. The parents of John are listed as Julius Siegel and Anna Vance and the parents of Teresa are listed as John Neilas and Margaret Buckley. John and Theresa moved to 156 Green Street in Newark, New Jersey.

paragraph: Just two days after the marriage Siegel went on leave and was set to return to the USS North Dakota on the morning of September 25, 1912. Siegel failed to return to duty and was wanted for desertion. On 23 January 1915 a reward was posted for Siegel giving his last known address and physical description. On the 1 February 1915 Siegel was captured and on 6 February he was brought into the receiving ship at New York City by Detective W. L. Beers of 60 Wall Street New York City. For his desertion of two years and four months Seaman Siegel was sentenced by General Court-Martial to one and one half years of confinement and hard labor and to be dishonorably discharged at the conclusion of his sentence. His original sentence was reduced to one year but after serving only eight months Siegel was released due to his excellent conduct. During his sentence Siegel began a campaign to be re-enlisted and had recommendation, including one from the Commander of the prison ship USS Southrey where he was held.

paragraph: Section::::Naval career.:Second enlistment.

paragraph: On 15 December 1917 Siegel was re-enlisted with the Navy. His draft card states he and Teresa have one child, Margaret Jean "Virginia" Siegel. His draft card also shows that he is a wagon driver "teamster" working for Wells Fargo Company Express. For the first year of his second enlistment Siegel spent his time working in the Navy Yard at Norfolk, VA.

paragraph: On 1 November 1918, Siegel was working as a Boatswain's Mate 2nd Class for the US Navy on board the tugboat Mohawk (YT-17). Working in the Norfolk Naval Shipyard the "Mohawk" rushed to give aid to a burning ship, the schooner "Hjeltenaes", which was tied up along the Beltline Bridge. Siegel was able to rescue two men from the crew's quarters and was going back a third time when he was trapped by a burst steam pipe. Overcome by the smoke, Siegel collapsed and had to be rescued by his shipmates. Medical officers worked on him most of the night fearing he would die. For his actions Siegel was recommended and awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor along with a $100 gratuity.

paragraph: After a short recovery Siegel went back to the Receiving Ship in Norfolk, VA until March 1919 when he transferred to the USS Hopewell. On 16 June 1919 Siegel was once again wanted for desertion for a period of three months and six days. He was sentenced to six months restriction to Ship or Station and maintain a satisfactory record to terminate at any time after three months at the discretion of the commanding officer. Approved on 22 October 1919, the restrictions were to terminate 27 January 1920. However on 15 March 1920 he was charged for falsehood and attempting to obtain money under false pretenses and the Commanding Officer ordered the dishonorable discharge of his second enlistment. Prior to his court-martial Siegel underwent a mental evaluation during which he stated he had been worried and exceedingly nervous for several months prior to his nomination for the Medal of Honor. He had been worried over domestic affairs and depressed after recently learning that he was adopted. However he was found fit for trial.

paragraph: Section::::Medal of Honor citation.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rank and organization: Boatswain's Mate Second Class, United States Navy.

paragraph: Citation:

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: By 1920, after Siegel received a "less than honorable" discharge from the Navy, he continued to work as a driver. Later, it is believed Siegel worked as an ironworker on the Brooklyn Bridge or simply a bridge in Brooklyn, according to family.

paragraph: In May 1929 Siegel wrote to the Navy and requested they give him a 3rd enlistment. He was unsuccessful in his plea. He was living at the Hotel Delaware in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

paragraph: Around 1930, Siegel abandoned his wife and daughter and headed to Oklahoma to work in the oil fields. They never divorced and he started a new life, never having any contact with them again.

paragraph: In 1935, Siegel is found to be in Lavagas (believing it to be Las Vegas) per the 1940 Census records, and in 1940, Siegel is found in Baltimore, Maryland, working as a lineman in a shipyard and living with his second wife, 20 years his younger, Mary Lou Siegel from Henryetta, Oklahoma.

paragraph: On 28 May 1935 the New York chapter of the Red Cross wrote a letter on behalf of John Otto Siegel to the Bureau of Navigation, Navy Department, Washington D.C. requesting a duplicate Medal of Honor be issued. The letter states that in November 1934 John was employed as an "Iron Worker" on the Boulder Dam project, in the "Death Valley Junction" of Nevada and that during this time a fire swept through the camp, believed to be Williamsville (known to its inhabitants as "Ragtown") destroying all his belongings including his medal and service documents. On June 17, 1935 the Bureau replied with instruction on how to apply for a replacement medal.

paragraph: On 26 November 1936 Siegel made another request that the Navy allow him to reenlist.

paragraph: On 5 and 16 April 1941 Siegel wrote to the Navy requesting a replacement Medal of Honor and ribbon bar pin or at least a letter stating he was the holder of the Medal of Honor or a new station. He stated it was lost in a home fire. His return address is listed as 110 Madison Street San Antonio, Texas. On 31 July 1941 his request is denied due to his dishonorable discharge and his previous replacement medal was sent contrary to existing instructions due to same. His ruling is compared to the Judge Advocate General's ruling on Medal of Honor recipient William Henry Jaeger, for actions 16 July 1900; with two less than honorable discharges he was approved for the Medal of Honor but the medal was not to be delivered.

paragraph: On 25 April 1942 Siegel filed a World War II Registration Card under the name John Robert Siegel, born in New York City. (In prior official documents John Otto Siegel stated his birth location as Berlin, New York as well as Milwaukee, Wisconsin.) John Robert is living at Hotel London in Janesville, Wisconsin and working in Tulsa, Oklahoma with Mary Lou "someone from Henryetta, Oklahoma".

paragraph: In 1943, Siegel dies of lung cancer aged 51. The front of the document shows his middle initial as "O" and the reverse of the document has his middle initial as an "R".

paragraph: Social Security Application and Claims Index, 1936–2007 show Jack Atto Siegel and John Robert Siegel are the same person. The name change or modification is not explained.

paragraph: Signatures from official documents of John Otto Siegel and John Robert Siegel show interesting similarities such as the "." placed after each individual name or initial. The change in the "S" is also the same between the 1941 request for a replacement Medal of Honor and the 1942 World War II Registration card.

paragraph: No other documents are found for anyone named John Robert Siegel or Jack Atto Siegel, that have any matching information, outside of these documents.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Medal of Honor recipients for World War I

description: United States Army Medal of Honor recipient

wikidata_label: John Otto Siegel

wikipedia_title: John Otto Siegel