text:
footballer
D.C. United
Major League Soccer
Pittsburgh Riverhounds
Everton
Crewe Alexandra
Stockport County
college soccer
University of Charleston
NCAA Division II
West Virginia Chaos
USL Premier Development League
United States soccer pyramid
Michigan Bucks
Carolina Dynamo
PDL
Richmond Kickers
Dayton Dutch Lions
Antigua Barracuda
VSI Tampa Bay FC
2014 USL Pro season
Justin Evans
2015 USL season
hat-trick
Charleston Golden Eagles
Harrisburg City Islanders
Toronto FC II
New York Red Bulls II
West Virginia Chaos
2015 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup
Tampa Bay Rowdies
North American Soccer League
D.C. United
Major League Soccer
Harrisburg City Islanders
Wilmington Hammerheads
Kevin Molino
D.C. United
Major League Soccer
2016 season
IF Elfsborg
Allsvenskan
2015–16 CONCACAF Champions League
Querétaro F.C.
Chris Rolfe
Charleston Battery
New York City FC
Yankee Stadium
U.S. green card
2015

categories: Association footballers not categorized by position,USL Championship players,English expatriate footballers,USL League Two players,English footballers,West Virginia Chaos players,D.C. United players,Major League Soccer players,1990 births,Carolina Dynamo players,Expatriate soccer players in the United States,Living people,Pittsburgh Riverhounds SC players

paragraph: Rob Vincent

paragraph: Rob Vincent (born 26 October 1990) is a retired English footballer who last played for D.C. United in Major League Soccer. He is currently a coach at the Pittsburgh Riverhounds Academy and also plays amateur football for Tartan Devils Oak Avalon.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Youth.

paragraph: Vincent spent time with Everton and Crewe Alexandra as a youth from 1997–2000 and 2000–2005, respectively. At age 17 he was watched by scouts from the England setup. He played for the Stockport County youth academy from 2005 to 2009, contributing eight goals until injury in pre-season 2008. At the end of his youth contract, he was not offered a professional contract, and moved on to study for a degree while playing college soccer in the United States.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:College and amateur.

paragraph: Vincent played for the University of Charleston where he was named the 2009 WVIAC Freshman of the Year. He became a team captain for the Golden Eagles in the 2010 season. During his time at UC, Vincent was part of a team that won 4 consecutive conference titles, and went to the NCAA Division II National Tournament on 3 occasions. In his time at UC, he scored 9 goals in each of his 4 years; a total of 36 career goals as well as 25 assists.

paragraph: Vincent won Conference Player of the Year honours in 2010 and 2012. He also was named as a Division II All-American in each of his four years at UC.

paragraph: Vincent signed with the West Virginia Chaos of the USL Premier Development League, the fourth level of the United States soccer pyramid, in 2010 after an impressive freshman campaign at UC. However, he struggled with injury for much of the season and only played in 7 games, contributing 2 goals.

paragraph: He returned to the Chaos for the 2011 season, this time as the youngest team captain in the franchise history. He played every minute of the 16 league games, scoring 9 goals and adding 6 assists along the way.

paragraph: In 2012, he trained with Michigan Bucks before transferring to Carolina Dynamo, also of the PDL. In his one season with the club, Vincent played a total of 72 minutes in two appearances.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Professional.

paragraph: During his final semester of college, Vincent contacted the Pittsburgh Riverhounds requesting a trial. After impressing the coaching staff during pre-season, Vincent signed a professional contract with the Riverhounds in April 2013. Although he did not appear in the match, Vincent was on the bench for the season opener against the Richmond Kickers on 6 April 2013. Vincent made his first professional appearance, coming on as a late substitute in the Riverhounds' 1–2 defeat at Dayton Dutch Lions. Vincent scored his first professional goal on 23 June 2013 in a 4–1 victory over Antigua Barracuda. He scored his second goal on 2 August 2013 in a 2–1 victory over VSI Tampa Bay FC. Vincent finished his rookie season with three goals and one assist, participating in 23 of the club's 26 league matches.

paragraph: On 14 March 2014, it was announced that Vincent would be returning for the 2014 USL Pro season after an impressive rookie campaign. About resigning Vincent, Riverhounds head coach Justin Evans said, "Robbie Vincent has had the most impressive off-season body of work that I have seen in a very long time...I am excited to see how this work will translate onto the playing field throughout the season." During Vincent's second year with the club, he again scored three goals and tallied an assist in 28 league matches.

paragraph: Before the 2015 USL season, it was announced that Vincent had signed a contract extensive which would see him remain at the club through the 2016 season. During the 2015 preseason, Vincent scored three goals in the Riverhounds' first two matches. Vincent then scored a hat-trick in Pittsburgh final preseason match, a 5-1 victory over the Charleston Golden Eagles, his alma mater. He continued his impressive performances into the regular season, tallying two goals and two assists in Pittsburgh's 5-2 opening day victory over the Harrisburg City Islanders. On matchday six, Vincent scored another brace, this time against Toronto FC II, earning him league Team of the Week honors as the Riverhounds earned the 5–1 victory. Vincent was named to the Team of the Week again the following week after his third 2-goal match of the season against New York Red Bulls II. Vincent's six goals made him the league leader in goals at that time. Vincent scored the team's game-winning goal of a 3–0 victory over the West Virginia Chaos on 20 May 2015 to open Pittsburgh's 2015 Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup campaign. In the next round, Vincent scored the game-winner again, this time in stoppage time, as the Riverhounds defeated the Tampa Bay Rowdies of the North American Soccer League 1–0, setting up an encounter with D.C. United of Major League Soccer at Highmark Stadium in the fourth round. Three days later on May 30, 2015, Vincent scored his fourth brace of the season in what a columnist called the "club's greatest ever game" as the team scored three goals in stoppage time for a 6–5 victory over the Harrisburg City Islanders. Vincent's goals included the team's first tally to begin the comeback from three goals down and the game-tying goal in stoppage time. For his performance, Vincent was named the USL Player of the Week. On 17 June 2015, Vincent scored his third goal in his third U.S. Open Cup match of the year. Vincent converted the penalty to draw level with D.C. United 1–1 but the team would ultimately lose 1–3 after D.C. scored two goals in the two extra periods. On 1 August 2016, Vincent scored his first competitive professional hat-trick as the Riverhounds defeated the Wilmington Hammerheads 3–0. With the three goals, Vincent returned to the top of the league scoring charts with 16 goals in 20 league matches. His 16-goal total put him within four goals of the USL single-season scoring record of 20 set by Kevin Molino the previous season. Vincent was named the USL Player of the Week for the second time following his three-goal performance against the Hammerheads. With 17 goals, Vincent moved into the top five single-season scorers in league history with five matches remaining in the season. Vincent ultimately finished the season as the league's third highest scorer with 18 goals, despite playing in the midfield. He was later named a member of the USL All-League first team for the 2015 season.

paragraph: In the 2015 off season, Vincent went on trial with D.C. United of Major League Soccer. The week-long training stint ended without a contract offer. However, in January 2016 Vincent was on trial with the club again as part of its preseason work ahead of the 2016 season. He featured in United's first match of the preseason, a 0–1 defeat to IF Elfsborg of the Allsvenskan, the top flight of Swedish football.

paragraph: On 17 February 2016, it was announced that D.C. United and the Riverhounds had completed a transfer for Vincent. Terms of the deal were undisclosed. Vincent had made 88 appearances and 28 in all competition during his time in Pittsburgh. His 24 league goals made him the team's top scorer in the modern USL era (since 2011) at that time. Vincent made his competitive debut for D.C. United on 23 February in a 0–2 2015–16 CONCACAF Champions League match against Querétaro F.C. of Mexico. He came on as a 57th-minute substitute for Chris Rolfe.

paragraph: On 25 May 2016 it was announced that Vincent was loaned back to the Riverhounds for one match, a 4 June contest against the Charleston Battery. He scored the Riverhounds' only goal of the 1–2 defeat and was named the Player of the Game for his performance.

paragraph: Vincent finished the 2016 MLS season with 20 appearances and 2 goals this included starting the last 10 regular season games as D.C. United made a late push into the playoffs. He made his first MLS playoff appearance in a season ending 2-4 loss to Montreal Impact on October 27, 2016.

paragraph: In 2017 he suffered a knee injury in the second match of the season against New York City FC at Yankee Stadium on 12 March 2017. He subsequently underwent surgery but suffered a blood clot during recovery. He ultimately missed the remainder of the 2017 season. On November 28, 2017 his contract option with United was declined.

paragraph: Section::::Coaching career.

paragraph: In March 2018 Vincent announced his retirement from football as a result of his last knee injury. He was immediately announced as a coach for the Riverhounds SC academy.

paragraph: Section::::Personal.

paragraph: Vincent holds a U.S. green card which qualifies him as a domestic player for MLS roster purposes.

paragraph: Section::::Honours.

paragraph: BULLET::::- USL All-League Team: 2015

description: English footballer

wikidata_label: Rob Vincent

wikipedia_title: Rob Vincent


text: photographer

text: pin-up

text: glamour photography

text: Marilyn Monroe

text: Berlin, Germany

text: Rolleiflex

text: Jew

text: Gestapo

text: University of California, Berkeley

text: Max Reinhardt

text: Los Angeles

text: Alberto Vargas

text: flash

text: Racquet Club

text: Palm Springs, California

text: obscenity

text: U. S. Supreme Court

text: Dwight D. Eisenhower

text: World War II

text: Susan Bernard

text: Der Spiegel

text: The Seven Year Itch

text: Museum of Modern Art

text: International Center of Photography

text: Los Angeles, California

text: Vallentine Mitchell

categories: 1912 births,German photographers,1987 deaths,Fashion photographers,20th-century American photographers,Artists from Palm Springs, California,People from Berlin

paragraph: Bruno Bernard

paragraph: Bruno Bernard (February 2, 1912 – June 3, 1987) also known as Bernard of Hollywood, was an American photographer best known for pin-up and glamour photography of Marilyn Monroe and others.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Bernard was born into poverty on February 2, 1912, in Berlin, Germany. He was put in an orphanage by parents who could not afford to support him. In 1923, his parents gave him a Rolleiflex camera, which led to a lifelong interest in photography.

paragraph: He attended Kiel University, where, in 1934, he earned a doctorate in criminal psychology. He became the general secretary of a Jewish youth organization, which led to his name appearing on a Gestapo hit list. In 1937, he fled to America from Nazi Germany, claiming to German authorities that he was leaving the country to continue his graduate studies. He attended the University of California, Berkeley, where he planned to continue his education but soon became interested in the arts. In 1940, he became a directorial apprentice at the Reinhardt School of the Theatre, opened by Max Reinhardt on Sunset Boulevard in Los Angeles.

paragraph: Section::::Career in Hollywood.

paragraph: Unable to get a job as a director, however, Bruno returned to his interest in photography. In 1938 he set up a darkroom in the basement of his Los Angeles apartment. Inspired by his background in psychology, what he learned about directing, and collaboration with Alberto Vargas, Bruno developed a unique portrait style that he called the "posed candid"; a style that evolved into what is now known as "pin-up" photography. Bernard preferred a moderate use of artificial light. He preferred natural light like the sun at the beach and sometimes added a flash to his light concept. He never had any formal training in photography and credited his success to "two good teachers, trial and error".

paragraph: By 1940, Bruno's basement darkroom had become his first studio. He started out taking photos of the wives and children of the directors and producers he had come to know through his apprenticeship. As he began making money, he opened a proper studio at 9055 Sunset Blvd. As word spread, he soon came to the attention of agents and other Hollywood professionals who sent actresses his way for photo shoots. He became known as "Bernard of Hollywood". Bernard is credited with first photographing Marilyn Monroe at the Racquet Club in Palm Springs, California, in 1947, when she was still Norma Jeane. She is said to have told Bernard, "Remember, Bernie, you started it all".

paragraph: In the early 1950s, Bernard fought obscenity charges that ended with a case in the U. S. Supreme Court. He submitted as part of his defense a letter from then-General Dwight D. Eisenhower, who was a fan of Bernard's pinup photography. The letter thanks Bernard for the morale-building effect of his pinups during World War II. Bernard's daughter Susan Bernard has made the case that the pinup style popularized by Bernard and his friend Vargas was "celebrating and empowering women rather than exploiting them".

paragraph: In the 1960s, he moved back to Berlin. He was a photojournalist for the German magazine "Der Spiegel" for the Eichmann Trial in Israel.

paragraph: In 1984, Bernard became the first still photographer to be honored by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences with a 50-year retrospective of his work. In 1999, his photo "Marilyn in White" of Monroe in her wind-blown dress from the movie "The Seven Year Itch" (1955) was selected as the "Symbol of the Century" by the Museum of Modern Art in New York. The same photograph was also chosen by the International Center of Photography as one of the "20 Unforgettable Photographs".

paragraph: In the 1980s Bernard was living in Palm Springs and writing his memoirs. He died of cancer on June 3, 1987, at the age 75 in Los Angeles, California.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bruno Bernard, "Pin-Ups: A Step Beyond: a Portfolio of Breathtaking Beauties" (Los Angeles: Bernard of Hollywood Publishing Co., 1950)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bruno Bernard, "Bernard's Israel" (London and New York: Vallentine Mitchell, 1962)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bruno Bernard, "Israel: Bernard's Photographic Impression" (Tel Aviv: Editions Steimatzky, 1964)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bruno Bernard, "Requiem for Marilyn" (Abbotsbrook, Buckinghamshire: Kensal Press, 1986)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bernard of Hollywood – Bruno Bernard official website by Susan Bernard

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marilyn Intimate Exposures: Bernard of Hollywood – Biography of Bruno Bernard

description: American photographer

wikidata_label: Bruno Bernard

wikipedia_title: Bruno Bernard


text: Grand Prix

text: motorcycle

text: road racer

text: Spain

text: FCIM 125cc European championship

text: 1993 FIM motorcycle Grand Prix

text: Circuito del Jarama

text: Madrid

text: Honda

text: Aprilia

text: 1994 Australian motorcycle Grand Prix

text: Yamaha

text: ELF 500 ROC

text: Pepsi

text: Shell

text: Movistar Honda Pons

text: Honda NSR500

text: Carl Fogarty

text: World Superbikes

text: Ben Bostrom

text: Ducati

text: Rubén Xaus

text: Yamaha YZF-R7

text: Ducati 998RS

text: Sterilgarda

text: Marco Borciani

wikipedia_title: List of Grand Prix motorcycle racing European champions

wikipedia_title: 1994 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season

wikipedia_title: 1995 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season

wikipedia_title: 1996 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season

wikipedia_title: 1997 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season

wikipedia_title: 1998 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season

wikipedia_title: 1999 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season

categories: People from Altea,250cc World Championship riders,500cc World Championship riders,1970 births,Spanish motorcycle racers,Living people

paragraph: Juan Borja (motorcyclist)

paragraph: Juan Bautista Borja (born February 3, 1970), is a former Grand Prix motorcycle road racer from Spain.

paragraph: Having won the FCIM 125cc European championship in 1992, he first raced on the world stage at the 1993 FIM motorcycle Grand Prix at the Circuito del Jarama, Madrid, but retired on lap 19 in the 250cc class riding a privateer Honda. For 1994, he gained a series of one-off privateer rides in the 250cc class, starting with an Aprilia at the 1994 Australian motorcycle Grand Prix, and finishing the season on a Honda, placing him 30th in the championship.

paragraph: Moving to the 500cc class for 1995, he rode out the season placing twelfth on the ROC-Yamaha. He then spent two seasons on the ELF 500 ROC sponsored by Pepsi and then Shell, placing 14th in 1996 and 17th in 1997 on an under-developed and hence unreliable bike. For 1998 he moved to the well backed Movistar Honda Pons riding the Honda NSR500, but unreliability meant he finished the season in 32nd. Improved factory support in 1999 meant that he finished 12th.

paragraph: Without a ride for the 2000 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season, after the crash of Carl Fogarty which ended his racing career, from race six onwards in 2000 he moved to World Superbikes, replacing Ben Bostrom in the works Ducati-Infostrada, finishing the season in 12th. Replaced by younger compatriate Rubén Xaus for the 2001 season, Borja moved to Spanish privateer team Panavto Yamaha riding the Yamaha YZF-R7, but a lack of funds and unreliability meant that he finished the season 32nd. For 2002 season he returned to riding a Ducati 998RS for Spanish privateer team Spaziotel Racing, finishing 12th. With the same team but now under the DFX Racing banner, he finished 13th in the 2003 season.

paragraph: In light of their sponsorship from Sterilgarda for the 2004 season, the DFX team choose Italian rider Marco Borciani. Unable to find a team or sponsorship, Borja was forced to retire at the age of 34.

description: Spanish motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Juan Bautista Borja

wikipedia_title: Juan Borja (motorcyclist)


text: Liestal

text: Rellingen

text: merchant banker

text: Shakespeare

text: Ludvig Holberg

text: Sturm und Drang

text: German opera

text: Basel

text: Reformed

text: London

text: Hamburg

text: Seven Years' War

text: Seyler & Tillemann

text: financial instruments

text: Amsterdam banking crisis of 1763

text: bon vivant

text: Sophie Hensel (Seyler)

text: idealistic

text: Hamburg National Theatre

text: Lessing

text: dramaturg

text: Seyler Theatre Company

text: Duchess Anna Amalia

text: Weimar

text: Gotha

text: Mannheim National Theatre

text: Sturm und Drang

text: Klinger

text: Ariadne auf Naxos

text: Benda

text: Alceste

text: Schweitzer

text: Liestal

text: Basel

text: Switzerland

text: Reformed

text: Burckhardt family

text: Friedrich Seyler

text: Socin

text: Abel Socin

text: Merian

text: Faesch

text: matrilineal

text: Johann Froben

text: Joseph Fesch

text: Napoleon

text: Johann Rudolf Faesch

text: London

text: Hamburg

text: merchant banker

text: Seyler & Tillemann

text: financial instrument

text: Seven Years' War

text: De Neufville

text: Heinrich Carl von Schimmelmann

text: debased

text: Amsterdam banking crisis of 1763

text: Mark Banco

text: Mary Lindemann

text: Imperial Cameral Tribunal

text: bon vivant

text: Hamburg National Theatre

text: national theatre

text: Ludvig Holberg

text: Comödienhaus

text: Konrad Ernst Ackermann

text: Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

text: dramaturg

text: Konrad Ekhof

text: Friedrich Ludwig Schröder

text: Friederike Sophie Hensel (Seyler)

text: Karl Mantzius

text: Johann Friedrich Löwen

text: Hamburg Dramaturgy

text: dramaturgy

text: Seyler Theatre Company

text: Anton Schweitzer

text: opera

text: Sturm und Drang

text: Electorate of Hanover

text: Lüneburg

text: Celle

text: Osnabrück

text: Hildesheim

text: Wetzlar

text: J.G.R. Andreae

text: Weimar

text: Duchess Anna Amalia

text: Weimar Classicism

text: Herder

text: Goethe

text: Schiller

text: Duke Ernest II

text: Gotha

text: Goethe

text: Georg Anton Benda

text: Ariadne auf Naxos

text: Mozart

text: Electoral Saxon

text: Leipzig

text: Dresden

text: Friedrich Maximilian Klinger

text: Sturm und Drang

text: Sturm und Drang

text: Frankfurt

text: Mainz

text: Cologne

text: Hanau

text: Mannheim

text: Heidelberg

text: Bonn

text: Charles Theodore

text: Electoral Palatinate

text: Mannheim

text: Munich

text: Theobald Marchand

text: Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg

text: Karl Theodor von Dalberg

text: Mannheim National Theatre

text: August Wilhelm Iffland

text: Johann David Beil

text: Heinrich Beck

text: Shakespeare

text: Elisabeth Toscani

text: Friedrich Schiller

text: The Robbers

text: Julius of Tarent

text: Johann Anton Leisewitz

text: Flensburg

text: Husum

text: Kiel

text: Altona

text: prompter

text: Huon and Amanda

text: a poem

text: Christoph Martin Wieland

text: Paul Wranitzky

text: Emanuel Schikaneder

text: their new theatre

text: Mozart

text: The Magic Flute

text: Prince Charles of Hesse-Kassel

text: Friedrich Ludwig Schröder

text: Rellingen

text: Duchy of Holstein

text: Shakespeare

text: Ludvig Holberg

text: Sturm und Drang

text: German opera

text: Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

text: Christoph Martin Wieland

text: Johann Anton Leisewitz

text: John Warrack

text: freemason

text: Konrad Ekhof

text: Gotha

text: Nativity of St John the Baptist

text: Worshipful Master

text: First Warden

text: Georg Anton Benda

text: Duke Ernest II of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg

text: Prince August of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg

text: enlightenment

text: philanthropy

text: Illuminati

text: Adam Weishaupt

text: J.G.R. Andreae

text: Enlightenment

text: Abel Seyler (the Younger)

text: Celle

text: Illuminati

text: L.E. Seyler

text: Johann Anton Leisewitz

text: Julius of Tarent

text: Friederike Sophie Seyler

text: Felix Hoppe-Seyler

text: Jacob Herzfeld

text: Abel Seyler

text: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie

text: Seyler, Abel

text: Neue Deutsche Biographie

text: William Grange

text: Seyler, Abel

text: Scarecrow Press

text: Thomas Bauman

text: Cambridge University Press

text: Thomas Bauman

text: Seyler Theatre Company

text: University of California, Berkeley

text: Silke Leopold

text: Abel Seyler

categories: Opera in Germany,People from Liestal,1800 deaths,German theatre directors,Sturm und Drang,German Freemasons,Seyler theatrical company,Swiss people of Italian descent,18th-century Swiss businesspeople,18th-century German businesspeople,1730 births,Swiss theatre directors

paragraph: Abel Seyler

paragraph: Abel Seyler (23 August 1730, Liestal – 25 April 1800, Rellingen) was a Swiss-born theatre director and former merchant banker, who was regarded as one of the great theatre principals of 18th century Europe. He was "the leading patron of German theatre" in his lifetime, and is credited with introducing Shakespeare to a German language audience, and with promoting the concept of a national theatre in the tradition of Ludvig Holberg, the "Sturm und Drang" playwrights, and German opera. Already in his lifetime, he was described as "one of German art's most meritorious men."

paragraph: The son of a Basel Reformed priest, Seyler moved to London and then to Hamburg as a young adult, and established himself as a merchant banker in the 1750s. During the Seven Years' War and its immediate aftermath his bank Seyler & Tillemann engaged in an ever-increasing and complex speculation with financial instruments and went spectacularly bankrupt with enormous debts in the wake of the Amsterdam banking crisis of 1763. A flamboyant "bon vivant" who was regarded with suspicion in Hamburg, Seyler symbolized a new and more aggressive form of capitalism.

paragraph: Seyler's admiration for the tragic actress Sophie Hensel (Seyler), who later became his second wife, led him to devote himself entirely to theatre from 1767 onwards. He used his remaining funds to become the main shareholder, benefactor and effective leader of the idealistic Hamburg National Theatre, employing Lessing as the world's first dramaturg. In 1769, he founded the travelling Seyler Theatre Company, which became one of the most famous theatre companies of Europe during the period 1769–79 and regarded as "the best theatre company in Germany at that time." He initially held the Hanoverian privilege as theatre director and his company later stayed for three years at the court of Duchess Anna Amalia in Weimar and for a year at the ducal court in Gotha. From 1779 to 1781 he was the founding artistic director of the Mannheim National Theatre. He commissioned works such as "Sturm und Drang" by Klinger (which gave its name to the era), "Ariadne auf Naxos" by Benda and "Alceste" by Schweitzer, considered "the first serious German opera." Seyler mostly focused on the artistic, economic and administrative management of his theatrical company; his own lack of a background as an actor, and his former profession as a banker, made him stand out among the theatre principals of his era in a profession that was just starting to gain respectability.

paragraph: Section::::Background and childhood.

paragraph: Abel Seyler was born in 1730 in Liestal outside Basel in Switzerland. He was the son of the Reformed clergyman, Dr.theol. Abel Seyler (Seiler) (the elder) (1684–1767), who was parish priest of Frenkendorf-Munzach in Liestal from 1714 to 1763, and Anna Katharina Burckhardt (1694–1773). He grew up in a learned and pious Reformed family and was descended on both his parents' sides from some of the most prominent patrician families of Basel. His mother belonged to the noted Burckhardt family. He was a paternal grandson of the theologian Friedrich Seyler and Elisabeth Socin, a member of an Italian-origined noble family, and he was named for his great-grandfather, the Basel judge and envoy to the French court Abel Socin (1632–1695). On his mother's side he was also descended from the Merian and Faesch families. He was also a matrilineal descendant of Justina Froben, daughter of the humanist Johann Froben. He had a sister, Elisabeth Seiler (1715–1798), married to parish priest Daniel Merian. He was distantly related to Cardinal Joseph Fesch, Napoleon's uncle; they were both descended from the Basel silk merchant, politician and diplomat Johann Rudolf Faesch (died 1659), who was Burgomaster of Basel and led the city's pro-French faction.

paragraph: Section::::Seyler as a merchant banker.

paragraph: As a young man, Seyler left Basel first for London and then for Hamburg, where he was active as a merchant banker until 1766. With his business partners Johann Martin Tillemann and Edwin Müller, he founded the related companies Seyler & Tillemann and Müller & Seyler, which engaged in an ever-increasing and complex speculation with financial instruments during the Seven Years' War in the 1750s and early 1760s. Seyler & Tillemann had close ties to the bank of the brothers De Neufville in Amsterdam, and has been considered one of the most speculative and immoral banks of the era. In 1761 Seyler & Tillemann, acting as agents for their close business associate Heinrich Carl von Schimmelmann, leased the mint factory in Rethwisch from the impoverished Frederick Charles, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön, a member of a cadet branch of the Danish royal family, to produce debased coins in the final years of the Seven Years' War. Seyler & Tillemann went bankrupt in the wake of the Amsterdam banking crisis of 1763 with 3–4 million Mark Banco in debts, an enormous sum.

paragraph: Mary Lindemann notes, citing the memoirs of John Parish:

paragraph: Civil litigation relating to the bankruptcy was initiated in 1763, and the case reached the Imperial Cameral Tribunal two years later. Much criticism was directed at Seyler and Tillemann's business ethics and extravagant lifestyle. Lindemann argues:

paragraph: Seyler was described as "a handsome "bon vivant"." Despite suffering "a sensational bankruptcy for an enormous sum [...] neither of them [Seyler and Tillemann] had lost his good humour or his taste for light living." Although they were wealthy bankers, Seyler and Tillemann were "in no way representatives of the Hamburg bourgeoisie, but were rather seen with suspicion for different reasons" by the local Hamburg elite. Seyler and his friends were self-made men, immigrants to Hamburg and showed little regard for the values and conventions of the conservative Hamburg bourgeoisie; they symbolized a new form of capitalism.

paragraph: Section::::Seyler as a theatre principal.:Hamburg National Theatre (1767–1769).

paragraph: After the bankruptcy of his bank, Seyler devoted himself to theatre and became the main shareholder, benefactor and effective leader of the Hamburg National Theatre, an idealistic attempt to establish a national theatre based on the ideas of Ludvig Holberg. The theatre was owned by "a consortium of twelve businessmen of the city, with a triumvirate of Seyler, Bubbers and Johann Martin Tillemann, Seyler's business partner. But in practice, it was a one man affair, as Seyler dominated all." It leased the Comödienhaus building and was largely a successor institution of Konrad Ernst Ackermann's theatre company. The National Theatre employed Gotthold Ephraim Lessing as the world's first dramaturg, and attracted eminent actors such as Konrad Ekhof and Friedrich Ludwig Schröder; Germany's most famous actress of the late 18th century Friederike Sophie Hensel (Seyler), who later became Seyler's second wife, was the theatre's lead actress. She was regarded as "a very fine actress, as Lessing admitted, but she was a troublesome and tempestuous character," always at the centre of intrigue.

paragraph: Karl Mantzius noted:

paragraph: Nominally the theatre was led by Johann Friedrich Löwen, but he had little influence, as Seyler took all managerial decisions while Ekhof in practice assumed the artistic leadership. The new Seyler regime suited Ekhof well, and he became a lifelong friend and collaborator of Seyler.

paragraph: The Hamburg National Theatre was immortalized by Lessing's influential book "Hamburg Dramaturgy", a collection of essays that reflected on the Hamburg National Theatre's efforts, and which defined the field of dramaturgy and gave it its name. The idea of a journal with Lessing as a dramatic critic was conceived by Löwen, and Seyler, "the power behind the throne," at first reluctantly agreed, but was eventually won over by the journal's success. The theatre had to close after two years after Seyler had spent the rest of his fortune on it.

paragraph: In 1769 Seyler founded the National Theatre's effective successor, the Seyler Theatre Company, together with Konrad Ekhof, Sophie Hensel and some other actors. The Seyler Company became one of the most famous theatre companies of Europe during the period 1769–79 and was regarded as "the best theatre company in Germany at that time." While the National Theatre had avoided musical theatre, Seyler appointed Anton Schweitzer as music director, charged with adding opera to the spoken repertory, and the Seyler Company came to play a major role both in the development of a German opera tradition and in the promotion and popularisation of the "Sturm und Drang" dramas.

paragraph: For most of its existence, the Seyler Company comprised around 60 members, and included an orchestra, a ballet, house dramatists and set designers. Over the next ten years the company travelled extensively, and stayed for longer periods at several courts of Europe. Theatre companies of the era, especially travelling ones, thought of themselves as extended "families."

paragraph: Section::::Seyler as a theatre principal.:Seyler Theatre Company (1769–1779).:Hanover years (1769–1771).

paragraph: George III of Hanover and the United Kingdom contracted Seyler in 1769 with performing at Hanover and other cities of the Electorate of Hanover, appointing him as "Director of the Royal and Electoral German Court Actors," a privilege he held until relinquishing it in 1772. During the Hanover years the company performed in Hanover itself and in Lüneburg, Celle, Osnabrück, Hildesheim und Wetzlar. Initially the new company struggled and Seyler failed to replicate the old success of the Hamburg National Theatre. The lack of public interest in Hanover led to financial problems and when Ekhof in May 1770 also became seriously ill and unable to perform for some time, the situation worsened dramatically. Seyler's brother-in-law, the court pharmacist J.G.R. Andreae from Hanover, who also raised Seyler's children from his first marriage, saved the Seyler Company by the assumption of all debts before the impending ruin; Andreae however demanded that Ekhof replaced his brother-in-law as head of the company.

paragraph: Section::::Seyler as a theatre principal.:Seyler Theatre Company (1769–1779).:At the court of Duchess Anna Amalia (1771–1774).

paragraph: In 1771 the Seyler Company was invited to the ducal court in Weimar by Duchess Anna Amalia, the composer and noted patron of the arts, and Seyler again became the company's principal. They were warmly welcomed by Anna Amalia and her court, and were generously paid; the company performed three times a week for select guests at the Weimar ducal court. In 1771 Anna Amalia was a 32-year old widow who reigned as regent on behalf of her young son. The Seyler Company's arrival in Weimar coincided with the infancy of the cultural era known as the Weimar Classicism, when the Duchess invited many of the most eminent men in Germany to her court in Weimar, including Herder, Goethe and Schiller.

paragraph: Adam Shoaff notes,

paragraph: Section::::Seyler as a theatre principal.:Seyler Theatre Company (1769–1779).:At the Gotha court (1774–1775).

paragraph: After the palace fire in Weimar in May 1774, Anna Amalia was forced to dismiss the Seyler Company, and they left with a quarter year's wages and a letter of recommendation to Duke Ernest II in Gotha. Seyler thus missed Goethe's arrival at the Weimar court a year later. The Seyler Company remained for one year at the ducal court in Gotha, where Seyler and other of the troupe's members also involved themselves in the broader cultural and social life, and in freemasonry. In Gotha Seyler met the Bohemian composer Georg Anton Benda and commissioned him to write several successful operas, including "Ariadne auf Naxos", "Medea" and "Pygmalion". At its debut in 1775, "Ariadne auf Naxos" received enthusiastic reviews in Germany and afterwards, in the whole of Europe, with music critics calling attention to its originality, sweetness, and ingenious execution. It is widely considered Benda's best work, and inspired Mozart.

paragraph: Section::::Seyler as a theatre principal.:Seyler Theatre Company (1769–1779).:Leipzig and Dresden (1775–1777).

paragraph: In 1775 Seyler received the Electoral Saxon privilege as theatre director and performed in Leipzig and Dresden, and in 1776 he opened a newly built summer theatre in Dresden. In 1776 Seyler also employed Goethe's close friend Friedrich Maximilian Klinger as a playwright and secretary, and he remained with the company for two years. Klinger had followed Goethe to Weimar earlier in the same year, and at the time he joined the Seyler Company he had just broken with Goethe under unclear circumstances. He brought with him the manuscript of his recently finished play "Sturm und Drang", which was first performed by the Seyler Company on 1 April 1777 in Leipzig; the play gave its name to the artistic movement "Sturm und Drang".

paragraph: Section::::Seyler as a theatre principal.:Seyler Theatre Company (1769–1779).:On the road again (1777–1779).

paragraph: In 1777 Seyler relinguished the Electoral Saxon privilege and his company took to the road again. Over the next two years the Seyler Company was primarily based in Frankfurt and Mainz and travelled extensively to Cologne, Hanau, Mannheim, Heidelberg and Bonn.

paragraph: Section::::Seyler as a theatre principal.:Mannheim National Theatre (1779–1781).

paragraph: When Charles Theodore, the Prince-Elector of the Electoral Palatinate, additionally became the Duke of Bavaria in 1777, he moved his court from the Palatine capital of Mannheim to Munich and brought the theatre company of Theobald Marchand with him. In 1778 he instructed the courtier Wolfgang Heribert von Dalberg—the brother of Prince-Elector and Grand Duke Karl Theodor von Dalberg—to establish a new theatre in Mannheim. At first Dalberg contracted Abel Seyler's theatre company with performing in Mannheim on an occasional basis from 1778 to 1779. In the autumn of 1779 Seyler moved permanently to Mannheim with the remaining members of his theatre company. Several actors who had been affiliated with the Gotha Court Theatre under Konrad Ekhof's direction in the past few years—essentially an offshoot of the Seyler Theatre Company—also joined him; Ekhof himself had died the previous year. The Mannheim National Theatre opened in October 1779 with Seyler as its first artistic director and Dalberg as its general administrator. Some of the actors who worked under Seyler's direction at Mannheim were August Wilhelm Iffland, Johann David Beil and Heinrich Beck.

paragraph: At Mannheim Seyler directed several Shakespeare productions, and left a lasting legacy. His "repertoire in the early Mannheim years still shows the influence of his Hamburg period as well as the legacy of the Weimar/Gotha years." In cooperation with Dalberg he developed the theatre's characteristic style, based on a belief in the need to achieve a balance between a more natural style of playing and a certain nobility and idealisation.

paragraph: He was forced to leave his position as director of the Mannheim National Theatre in 1781, "after his wife's jealousy had provoked an unfortunate incident;" during a quarrel with his wife's "scheming" student, the 20-year old actress Elisabeth Toscani, the usually level-headed Seyler lost his temper and hit her in response to repeated insolent remarks during theatre rehearsals. A report commissioned by Dalberg noted that Toscani belonged to "the weaker sex" and that Seyler was the director of a theatre company and should be held to a higher standard. In order to "restore the peace" of the theatre Dalberg decided to retire Seyler with a pension.

paragraph: The first performance of Friedrich Schiller's "The Robbers"—itself inspired by the play "Julius of Tarent" by Seyler's son-in-law Johann Anton Leisewitz—took place at the Mannheim National Theatre the year after Seyler left as director.

paragraph: Section::::Seyler as a theatre principal.:Final years (1781–1800).

paragraph: From 1781 to 1783 Seyler was artistic director of the Schleswig Court Theatre, which also performed in Flensburg, Husum and Kiel. In 1783 he established his own troupe based in Altona near Hamburg. From 1783 to 1784 he was again in charge of the Comödienhaus in Hamburg; he continued to live in Hamburg until 1787 and was at times a prompter at the theatre, where his wife performed. From 1787 to 1792 he was again artistic director of the Schleswig Court Theatre.

paragraph: His wife Sophie Seyler died in 1789. Earlier in that year she had published the opera "Huon and Amanda" (or "Oberon"), based on a poem by their friend and collaborator Christoph Martin Wieland. A lightly adapted version of Seyler's opera set to music by Paul Wranitzky became the first opera performed by Emanuel Schikaneder's troupe at their new theatre, and established a tradition within Schikaneder's company of fairy-tale operas that was to culminate two years later in Mozart's and Schikaneder's opera "The Magic Flute"; Sophie Seyler's "Oberon" is regarded as one of the primary influences on the plot and characters of "The Magic Flute".

paragraph: In 1792 Abel Seyler retired with a pension from Prince Charles of Hesse-Kassel, the royal governor of the twin duchies of Schleswig-Holstein. From 1798 he lived as a guest on the estate of the actor, his long-time friend and fellow prominent freemason Friedrich Ludwig Schröder in Rellingen in the Duchy of Holstein, where he died on 25 April 1800 at the age of 69. He is interred in Rellingen.

paragraph: Section::::Seyler as a theatre principal.:Legacy.

paragraph: Seyler is widely regarded as one of the great theatre principals of 18th century Europe and has been described as "the leading patron of German theatre" in his lifetime. He is credited with introducing Shakespeare to a German language audience, and with promoting the concept of a national theatre in the tradition of Ludvig Holberg, the "Sturm und Drang" playwrights, and the development of a German opera tradition. Already in his lifetime, he was described as "one of German art's most meritorious men." He was lauded by contemporaries such as Gotthold Ephraim Lessing and Christoph Martin Wieland, who described him as a "man of perception and insight." After his death his daughter Sophie Leisewitz, the wife of the poet Johann Anton Leisewitz, wrote: "It was my happy fortune, out of childish duty, to worship the man whom thousands can only admire."

paragraph: Seyler mostly focused on the artistic, economic and administrative management of his theatrical company; his own lack of a background as an actor, and his former profession as a merchant banker, made him stand out among the theatre principals of his era, in a profession that was just starting to gain respectability. John Warrack noted that:

paragraph: His theatrical legacy eventually overshadowed the dubious reputation he had earned as a banker in his younger years.

paragraph: Section::::Freemasonry.

paragraph: Like many of his collaborators, Seyler was a freemason. He joined freemasonry in London in 1753, became a member of the Absalom lodge in Hamburg in May 1755, and was involved with freemasonry until his death.

paragraph: Abel Seyler and Konrad Ekhof, along with other members of the Seyler Company, founded the first masonic lodge in Gotha. The founding took place on 25 June 1774 in the Gasthof Zum Mohren, on the occasion of the Nativity of St John the Baptist, and Ekhof became the first Worshipful Master and Seyler the First Warden. The lodge was originally named "Cosmopolit", but was renamed "Zum Rautenkranz" in honour of the ducal family shortly after. Its members included several members of the Seyler Company, such as Seyler, Ekhof and the composer Georg Anton Benda; the reigning Duke Ernest II of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg and the Duke's brother, Prince August of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg joined shortly after its establishment, as did many members of the nobility and local elite of Gotha. The lodge became a centre of the spiritual and cultural life of Gotha, and a stronghold of enlightenment and philanthropy. Many members of Seyler's lodge, notably the Duke and his brother, also became members of the Illuminati, and the Duke later offered that society's founder Adam Weishaupt asylum in Gotha.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Abel Seyler was married in his first marriage from 1754 to Sophie Elisabeth Andreae (1730–1764), the daughter of the wealthy Hanoverian court pharmacist Leopold Andreae (1686–1730) and Katharina Elisabeth Rosenhagen (died 1752). Her parents were already deceased and her only close relative was her older brother and only sibling, the court pharmacist J.G.R. Andreae, who became a noted Enlightenment natural scientist. The wedding took place in Hanover and Abel and Sophie Elisabeth had two sons and a daughter: Abel Seyler (the Younger), who became court pharmacist in Celle and who was a member of the Illuminati; L.E. Seyler, a prominent Hamburg banker and politician; and Sophie Seyler, who married the "Sturm und Drang" poet Johann Anton Leisewitz, the author of "Julius of Tarent".

paragraph: After the death of his first wife in 1764, their children were raised in Hanover by their maternal uncle. By several accounts J.G.R. Andreae was a highly erudite, generous and kind man who became a loving father figure to his sister's children; he had no children of his own. The children since had limited or no contact with their father, and all lived more conventional lives than him. They inherited the Andreae pharmacy from their uncle on his death in 1793.

paragraph: In 1772 Abel Seyler married the actress Friederike Sophie Seyler (formerly married Hensel). They had no children.

paragraph: The principal founder of biochemistry and molecular biology, Felix Hoppe-Seyler, was an adopted son of his grandson. Seyler was a godfather of Jacob Herzfeld (born 1763), known as the first Jewish stage actor in Germany, when the latter converted to Christianity in 1796.

paragraph: Section::::Literature.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paul Schlenther: "Abel Seyler." In: "Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie" (ADB). Vol. 34, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1892, pp. 778–782.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Andrea Heinz: "Seyler, Abel." In: "Neue Deutsche Biographie" (NDB). Vol. 24, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2010, , p. 300.

paragraph: BULLET::::- William Grange, "Seyler, Abel," "Historical Dictionary of German Theater", Scarecrow Press, 2006,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wilhelm Kosch, "Seyler, Abel", in "Dictionary of German Biography", eds. Walther Killy and Rudolf Vierhaus, Vol. 9, Walter de Gruyter, 2005, , p. 308

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dirk Böttcher, "Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon: Von den Anfängen bis in die Gegenwart"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas Bauman, "New directions: the Seyler Company" (pp. 91–131), in "North German Opera in the Age of Goethe", Cambridge University Press, 1985

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas Bauman, "Music and Drama in Germany: A Traveling Company and Its Repertory, 1767–1781", PhD dissertation on the Seyler Theatre Company, University of California, Berkeley, 1977

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Magazin zur Geschichte des deutschen Theaters", 1773, VI,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rudolf Schlösser: "Vom Hamburger Nationaltheater zur Gothaer Hofbühne". Nendeln/Liechtenstein: Kraus, 1978. Originally published in Hamburg, 1895.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Adrian Kuhl: "Abel Seyler." In Silke Leopold (ed.), "Lexikon Oper", J.B. Metzler, 2017,

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Abel Seyler in the "Weber Gesamtausgabe"

description: theatre director

wikidata_label: Abel Seyler

wikipedia_title: Abel Seyler


text:
Bogislaw I
Anatasia
Mieszko III of Poland
Casimir II
Castellan
Wartislaw II of Stettin
Jaromar I
Rugia
Stralsund
Brandenburg
Otto II
Philip of Swabia
House of Hohenstaufen
Otto IV
House of Guelph
Valdemar II of Denmark
Danes
Slavs
Jutes
Nordalbingia
Weißensee
Albert II
Frederick II
Elbe
Elde
Gützkow
Demmin
Eldena
Christian
Dargun
Cammin
provost
Conrad II
crusade
Prussians
Holy Land
Mestwin I
Pomerelia
Barnim I
Jaczo I of Salzwedel

categories: 1220 deaths,12th-century German people,1177 births,House of Griffins,Dukes of Pomerania

paragraph: Bogislaw II, Duke of Pomerania

paragraph: Bogislaw II ( – 23 January 1220) was Duke of Pomerania-Stettin from 1187 until his death.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Bogislaw II was a son of Bogislaw I and his second wife, Anatasia, the daughter of Mieszko III of Poland. He was still a minor when his father died in 1187. Bogislaw and his brother Casimir II, stood under the regency and guardianship of their mother and Castellan Wartislaw II of Stettin from the "Swantiborides" side line, who is referred to in official documents as a governor or .

paragraph: After a failed attempt to break away from Danish sovereignty, Anastasia and her sons had to go to Denmark, to be enfeoffed with Pomerania in person by the Danish king. One consequence of the Danish influence was that during the war against Jaromar I of Rugia, Jaromar was made guardian and administrator, replacing Wartislaw, and in the Peace of Nyborg, Pomerania lost the disputed areas around Wolgast and Loitz.

paragraph: In 1209, the Dukes of Pomerania started another war against Jaromar I and the city of Stralsund that was flourishing under his protection. This war was also unsuccessful and the conflict was settled at the Danish diet of 1216. Danish sovereignty was confirmed and the ties with Denmark were strengthened by a marriage between Casimir and the Danish princess Ingardis.

paragraph: Soon afterward, war broke out between Denmark and Brandenburg. Margrave Otto II defeated the Danish army under Peter of Roskilde and occupied Pomerania. However, he could not permanently claim Pomerania and it remained under Danish sovereignty. During the ensuing throne dispute between Philip of Swabia of the House of Hohenstaufen and Otto IV of the House of Guelph, King Valdemar II of Denmark took control of northern Germany. Denmark reached the peak of its power and Valdemar ruled as King of the Danes, Slavs, Jutes and Nordalbingians. This occupation was even recognized by the Empire, in the sense that, when the Guelph emperor Otto IV allied himself at Weißensee with Margrave Albert II, Valdemar allied himself with the Hohenstaufen emperor Frederick II. In 1214 in Metz, Frederick II enfeoffed Valdemar with all German and Slavic territories north of the Elbe and Elde rivers, and this enfeoffment was confirmed by the Pope.

paragraph: Brandenburg attacked Valdemar's German territories, however, Valdemar and the Pomeranian dukes repelled these attacks. After this success and the boundary changes with Rugia in 1216, Pomerania began to gain strength and flourish. Sovereignty of the Dukes over Gützkow and Demmin was secured and the economy and culture were stimulated by the immigration of German settlers and by the monastery Jaromar I had founded at Eldena. Also important was the presence of bishop Christian, who converted the apostate Prussians. Christian and the dukes repopulated the deserted monastery at Dargun. In 1218, the frail bishop Sigwin of Cammin died and was succeeded by his provost, the more vigorous Conrad II. Bogislaw joined the crusade against the Prussians.

paragraph: Casimir II died in 1217 during a pilgrimage to the Holy Land. After Casimir's death, Bogislaw ruled alone. This period was mostly peaceful.

paragraph: Bogislaw II died on 23 January 1220. According to legend, he was buried in Keniz, a fortress he had built on the border between Pomerania and Brandenburg.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and issue.

paragraph: Bogislaw II was married to Miroslawa, a daughter of Duke Mestwin I of Pomerelia. They had three children:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Barnim I ( – 1278)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Woislawa (d. 1229)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dobroslawa, married:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. either Nicholas of Wartislaw of Gützkow

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Jaczo I of Salzwedel

description: Duke of Pomerania-Stettin

wikidata_label: Bogislaw II, Duke of Pomerania

wikipedia_title: Bogislaw II, Duke of Pomerania


text:
Turkish
Hedi Turki
Medina of Tunis
Turkish
University of Ez-Zitouna
Tunis Institute of Fine Arts
Tunis
Arabic
exile
Neo-Destour
Sweden
Stockholm
Tunisia
Ministry of Culture
National Assembly
Tunisian culture
Louati Ali
Ibn Khaldun
Avenue Habib Bourguiba
fresco

categories: Tunisian sculptors,Tunisian artists,20th-century Turkish painters,Tunisian nationalists,Tunisian people of Turkish descent,2009 deaths,1924 births,University of Ez-Zitouna alumni,Tunisian painters

paragraph: Zoubeir Turki

paragraph: Zoubeir Turki (19 November 1924 – 23 October 2009) was a Tunisian painter and sculptor of Turkish origin. He was the younger brother of Hedi Turki (1922–2019).

paragraph: Born in the Medina of Tunis to a family of Turkish origin, Turki studied at the University of Ez-Zitouna and the Institute for Advanced Studies, while taking classes at the Tunis Institute of Fine Arts in Tunis. In 1946, he held a position in the administration before being recruited by French schools to teach Arabic. In 1952, he was forced into exile for having participated in the actions of the Tunisian nationalist movement Neo-Destour. He settled in Sweden, from 1953 to 1958, where he joined the Academy of Fine Arts in Stockholm.

paragraph: He went back to Tunisia in 1958, two years after the country's independence where he resumed contact with the School of Tunis which he was a founding member of and served as senior official in the Ministry of Culture. His administrative and political associations continued to increase, he became the President of several associations and unions, including the National Union of plastic and graphic arts, the Cultural Commission of the city of Tunis, and the Union of Plastic Artists Arab Maghreb. He founded and directed the Center for Living Art and the Belvedere; furthermore, on the political front, he was elected to the National Assembly in 1979 and a municipal councilor for the city of Tunis.

paragraph: Turki paintings drew its inspiration in matters of Tunisian culture and its traditions, portraying characters and scenes of everyday Tunis. Building a collective memory of Tunisia made his work a unique style which earned him international recognition. The critical Louati Ali said in a book dedicated to modern art that Turki is undoubtedly the most popular artist in the history of the artistic movement in Tunisia. Turki was also a sculptor; he made the bronze statue of Ibn Khaldun, erected on Avenue Habib Bourguiba, where the School of Tunis was founded in 1949. He also created the fresco in the lobby of the House of Tunisian radio.

paragraph: Turki died at the age of 84.

description: Tunisian artist

wikidata_label: Zoubeir Turki

wikipedia_title: Zoubeir Turki


text:
Reinhard IV
Schwarzburg-Blankenburg
Gelnhausen
Kinzig
Schlüchtern
Steinau an der Straße
Hanau
Philipp II
Balthasar

categories: 15th-century births,House of Hanau,15th-century German people,Women of medieval Germany,House of Schwarzburg,1514 deaths

paragraph: Katharina of Schwarzburg-Blankenburg

paragraph: Katharina of Schwarzburg-Blankenburg (after 1470 – 27 November 1514) was the wife of Count Reinhard IV of Hanau-Münzenberg (14 March 1473 – 30 January 1512).

paragraph: She was a daughter of Günther XXXVIII of Schwarzburg-Blankenburg (1450-1484) and Catherine of Querfurt (d. 1521).

paragraph: Katharina and Reinhard married on 13 February 1496. As her dowry, she brought 4000 guilders into the marriage, plus the share held by Schwarzburg in the mortgage on the imperial city of Gelnhausen. With this share, the count acquired a power base in the Kinzig valley, which connected "Upper Hanau", around Schlüchtern and Steinau an der Straße and "Lower Hanau" around the city of Hanau.

paragraph: Katharina died on 27 November 1514 and was buried in the Church of St. Mary in Hanau. A picture of her can be found on the side of a seat in the choir of the church, opposite a picture of her husband.

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: Reinhard and Katharina had four children:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Anna (born: 22 May 1498; died in the same year)

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Berthold (born: 12 July 1499; died: 27 April 1504), buried in the choir of St. Mary's Church in Hanau

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Philipp II (1501–1529)

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Balthasar (1508–1534)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reinhard Dietrich: "Die Landesverfassung in dem Hanauischen", in the series "Hanauer Geschichtsblätter", vol. 34, Hanau, 1996,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reinhard Dietrich and Simone Heider-Geiß: "Die evangelische Marienkirche Hanau", Kassel, 2001,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fried Lübecke: "Hanau. Stadt und Grafschaft", Cologne, 1951

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reinhard Suchier: "Genealogie des Hanauer Grafenhauses", in: "Festschrift des Hanauer Geschichtsvereins zu seiner fünfzigjährigen Jubelfeier am 27. August 1894", Hanau, 1894

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ernst J. Zimmermann: "Hanau Stadt und Land", 3rd ed., Hanau, 1919, reprinted 1978

description: Wife of Count Reinhard IV of Hanau-Münzenberg

wikidata_label: Catherine of Schwarzburg-Blankenburg

wikipedia_title: Katharina of Schwarzburg-Blankenburg


text:
Jeddah
House of Saud
Riyadh
Majid bin Abdulaziz
King Abdulaziz
Prince Sattam
Prince Abdulaziz
Saudi Arabia
King Saud University
ministry of interior
Okaz
King Abdullah
Allegiance Council
Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)
Yemen
Egypt
Sunni
Zaidis
GCC
Europe
the U.S.
Florida
California

categories: Grandsons of Ibn Saud,King Saud University alumni,Saudi Arabian businesspeople,Living people

paragraph: Mishaal bin Majid

paragraph: Mishal bin Majid Al Saud() has been governor of Jeddah since 1998 and a member of House of Saud.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and education.

paragraph: Mishaal bin Majid was born in Riyadh. His family moved to Jeddah in 1971. His father is late Majid bin Abdulaziz, a son of King Abdulaziz and a full-brother of Prince Sattam.

paragraph: Prince Mishaal is full brother of Prince Abdulaziz and five sisters. One of his sisters, Jawaher bint Majed, is the first Saudi woman to have been granted the title of the patron of arts in Saudi Arabia. Mishaal bin Majid was educated entirely in Saudi Arabia and is a graduate of King Saud University with a degree in business and public administration.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Prior to becoming Jeddah governor in 1998, Mishaal bin Majid is reported to have spent 16 years in the private sector.

paragraph: The Jeddah governor, a position less than the governor of a province but more than the governor of a typical town, works as a separate department under the Makkah Region governor and in close association with the ministry of interior. Frequently seen publicly around Jeddah attending openings, ceremonies and weddings, Prince Mishaal appears approachable and engaged.

paragraph: "Okaz"'s comments praising Mishal bin Majid for preserving traditional values and culture were notable given that he is the

paragraph: governor of the Kingdom's most liberal city, Jeddah, and send a message that King Abdullah still places a significance on continuity, stability, and control, even as he pursues incremental reforms.

paragraph: Section::::Other positions.

paragraph: Mishaal bin Majid has been a member of the Allegiance Council since 2007. He is president of the governing council of the Assembly and President of the Social Development Forum that attempts to address the role of voluntary social work and the implementation of initiatives aimed at promoting social development to attain a consolidated society in which individuals who have attained better living standards want to help others achieve the same goal and to establish the concept of individual empowerment through each person discovering their own capabilities and fulfilling their potential without reliance on others. The forum is organized every two years by the Society of Majid bin Abdulaziz for Development and Social Services, a non-profit social work organization, which in 2010 was honored by being named the leading non-profit organization in sustainable development. This award was presented during the 27th session of the Council of Ministers of Social Affairs in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). He is also the board chairman of the Society of Majid bin Abdulaziz for Development and Social Services.

paragraph: Section::::Views.

paragraph: Invoking the Ottoman Turks' occupation of Yemen and Egypt, Mishaal bin Majid said the geography and people of Yemen are both formidable, "very tough." Saudi Arabia wants to help Yemen, not fight in it. The Yemenis are "good, hard-working people," but if things remain the same they would continue to fight, Mishaal predicted. Yemenis are not united; each tribe is different, and there are Sunnis and Zaidis. The then Yemeni President Abdullah Saleh was not doing well for him. The GCC, U.S., and Europe need to build up Yemen by investing in the economy, constructing schools, educating Yemenis, and providing technology. Asked how this might be done, Mishaal replied that an international reconstruction plan should be written for Yemen. Saudi Arabia will no longer write a blank check, as in the past. While Saudi Arabia can help with roads, and everyone should share in building Yemen, Yemen has the potential "to become a heaven or a hell." Mishaal insisted that "if we don't work hard, the Iranians will take full advantage, as they have in Somalia." Explaining his bleak assessment, Mishaal remarked, "I say what I feel. I'm not a diplomat."

paragraph: King Abdullah began to curtail some privileges offered to Saudi royal family members, including cellphone service for "thousands of princes and princesses", year-round government-paid hotel suites in Jeddah and the right of royals to request unlimited free tickets from the state airline. Some of them were angered by these rules. Mishal bin Majid had taken to driving between Jeddah and Riyadh "to show his annoyance" at the reforms.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Prince Mishaal is married to Al Jawhara bint Khalid bin Musaid Al Saud and has four children: Muhdi, Mishail, Nuf and Khalid. He speaks fluent English more characteristic of a Saudi who has spent years in the U.S. He has traveled frequently to Florida and California as a tourist.

description: Saudi Arabian politician and member of House of Saud

wikidata_label: Mishaal bin Majid

wikipedia_title: Mishaal bin Majid


href: Merovingians Austrasia Theuderic%20I Theudebald Gregory%20of%20Tours Austrasian%20Letters Venantius%20Fortunatus Procopius Hygelac Beowulf Septimania Visigoths Childebert%20I Clotaire%20I Gothic%20War%20%28535%E2%80%93554%29 Justinian%20I Ostrogoths Agathias Constantinople Wisigard Wacho Lombards Deuteria Gallo-Roman

text:
Merovingian
Austrasia
Theuderic I
Theudebald
Gregory of Tours
Austrasian Letters
Venantius Fortunatus
Procopius
Chlochilaich
Beowulf
Septimania
Visigoths
Childebert
Clotaire I
Gothic War
Justinian I
Ostrogoths
Agathias
Constantinople
Wisigard
Wacho
Lombards
Deuteria
Gallo-Roman

categories: 6th-century Frankish kings,Merovingian kings,540s deaths,Frankish warriors,503 births

paragraph: Theudebert I

paragraph: Theudebert I () (c. 503 – 547 or 548) was the Merovingian king of Austrasia from 533 to his death in 548. He was the son of Theuderic I and the father of Theudebald.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: Most of what we know about Theudebert comes from the "Histories" or "History of the Franks" written by Gregory of Tours in the second half of the sixth century. In addition, we have diplomatic correspondence composed at the Austrasian court (known as the Austrasian Letters), the poems of Venantius Fortunatus, an account from Procopius' work and a small number of other sources.

paragraph: Section::::History.

paragraph: During his father's reign, the young Theudebert had shown himself to be an able warrior. In 516 he defeated a Danish army under King Chlochilaich (Hygelac of "Beowulf") after it had raided northern Gaul. His reputation was further enhanced by a series of military campaigns in Septimania against the Visigoths.

paragraph: Upon his father's death, Theudebert had to fight both his uncles Childebert and Clotaire I to inherit his father's kingdom. In the end, his military prowess persuaded Childebert to abandon the dispute and adopt Theudebert as his heir. Together they campaigned against Clotaire but sued for peace after their armies were hit by storm.

paragraph: After relations between the Frankish kings had settled down, Theudebert found himself embroiled in the Gothic War started when the Byzantine Emperor Justinian I attempted to subdue the Ostrogoths in Italy. Justinian saw Theudebert as an ideal ally: Austrasian lands flanked the Ostrogoths in northern Italy. The emperor paid Theudebert handsomely for his assistance, but Theudebert proved an untrustworthy ally. The Frankish armies saw the Italian conflict as an opportunity for plunder and a chance to exert their own claims to northern Italy. In the event the Byzantines were forced to fight the Franks as much as the Ostrogoths.

paragraph: Theudebert seems to have revelled in his power growing on the European stage. His letters show him laying claim to a vast array of lands around Austrasia, including Byzantine lands. Since the fall of the Roman Empire, the Frankish kings had always shown a certain deference to the Byzantine Emperor, but Theudebert rejected his status as an inferior leader: for example, he broke imperial custom by minting gold coins containing his own image. Hitherto former Frankish kings had respected imperial convention and circulated gold coins with the image of the emperor. Not surprisingly, perhaps, the Byzantine chronicler Agathias recorded the rumour in Constantinople that the Byzantines suspected Theudebert of planning an invasion of Thrace.

paragraph: In common with other Frankish rulers at the time, Theudebert took several wives as and when he wanted. As heir to his father's kingdom, he was betrothed to Wisigard, daughter of Wacho, king of the Lombards. This sort of political match was rare for the Merovingian kings. Theudebert abandoned her for Deuteria, a Gallo-Roman he had met while on campaign in southern Gaul. However, his supporters were not best pleased by his treatment of Wisigard, perhaps because of the political dimension, and persuaded Theudebert to take her back. Wisigard, though, soon died, and Theudebert married again.

paragraph: As well as being renowned for his military prowess, Theudebert was lauded by contemporaries for his patronage of the Gallic Church. Gregory of Tours reserves special praise for him in this regard, but his piety is also mentioned by Fortunatus.

paragraph: Theudebert died in the 14th year of his reign (at the end of 547 or the beginning of 548) and Theudebald, his son by Deuteria, succeeded him. In contrast to that experienced by many Merovingian kings, Theudebald's accession was peaceful.

description: Frankish King

wikidata_label: Theudebert I

wikipedia_title: Theudebert I


text: Merovingian

text: Salian Franks

text: Childeric I

text: Clovis I

text: Frankish

text: Aetius

text: Huns

text: Attila

text: Battle of the Catalaunian Plains

text: Gaul

text: Merovingian

text: Chlodio

text: Silva Carbonaria

text: Somme

text: Paris

text: Merwede

text: Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta

text: Salian Franks

text: Dutch

text: Gregory of Tours

text: Childeric I

text: Chlodio

text: Chronicle of Fredegar

text: bestea Neptuni

text: god

text: demigod

text: Flavius Aëtius

text: Ian S. Wood

text: Priscus

text: Rome

text: Aetius

text: Attila

text: Franks

text: Michael Baigent

text: Richard Leigh

text: Henry Lincoln

text: The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail

text: Jesus Christ

text: fish

text: Dan Brown

text: The Da Vinci Code

text: Robert Anton Wilson

text: The Historical Illuminatus Chronicles

text: Merovingian

text: H. P. Lovecraft

text: Deep Ones

text: Widow’s Son

text: Masonic

text: alien-human hybrid

text: Battle of the Catalaunian Plains

text: Tonantius Ferreolus (prefect)

text: History Channel

categories: Merovingian kings,5th-century Frankish people,Year of birth unknown,Frankish warriors,450s deaths,5th-century monarchs in Europe,410s births

paragraph: Merovech

paragraph: Merovech (; ; 411 – 458) is the semi-legendary founder of the Merovingian dynasty of the Salian Franks (although either Childeric I, his supposed son, or Clovis I, his supposed grandson, can also be considered the founder), which later became the dominant Frankish tribe. He is proposed to be one of several barbarian warlords and kings that joined forces with the Roman general Aetius against the Huns under Attila at the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains in Gaul.

paragraph: The family of Childeric and Clovis, the first Frankish large-scale royal dynasty called themselves Merovingians ("descendants of Meroveus") after him, and this was known to historians in the following centuries, but no more contemporary evidence exists. The most important such written source, Gregory of Tours, recorded that Merovech was said to be descended from Chlodio, a roughly contemporary Frankish warlord who pushed from the Silva Carbonaria in modern central Belgium as far south as the Somme, north of Paris in modern-day France.

paragraph: Section::::Name.

paragraph: It has been suggested that "Merovech" refers to the Dutch river Merwede, once called "Merwe" or "Merowe". Although this river was historically a main subsidiary of the Rhine, in modern times it is a tributary of the Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta, the area where, according to Roman historians, the Salian Franks once dwelled.

paragraph: His name is also close to "Marwig", lit. "famed fight" (compare modern Dutch "mare" "news, rumour"/"vermaard" "famous" as well as "(ge)vecht" "fight" with -"vech").

paragraph: Section::::Evidence for existence.

paragraph: There is little information about him in the later histories of the Franks. Gregory of Tours only names him once as the father of Childeric I while putting doubt on his descent from Chlodio. Many admit today that this formulation finds its explanation in a legend reported by Fredegar. The Chronicle of Fredegar interpolated on this reference by Gregory by adding that Merovech was the son of the queen, Chlodio's wife; but his father was a sea-god, bestea Neptuni. Some researchers have noted that Merovech, the Frankish chieftain, may have been the namesake of a certain god or demigod honored by the Franks prior to their conversion to Christianity.

paragraph: Clodio, the sometime putative father of Merovech, is said to have been defeated by Flavius Aëtius at Vicus Helena in Artois in 448. Ian S. Wood would therefore place his son somewhere in the second half of the fifth century.

paragraph: Another theory considers this legend to be the creation of a mythological past needed to back up the fast-rising Frankish rule in Western Europe.

paragraph: A contemporary Roman historian, Priscus writes of having witnessed in Rome a “lad without down on his cheeks as yet and with fair hair so long that it poured down his shoulders, Aetius had made him his adopted son”. Priscus writes that the excuse Attila used for waging war on the Franks was the death of their king and the disagreement of his children over the succession, the elder being allied with Attila and the younger with Aetius. As Chlodio died just before Attila’s invasion, this seems to suggest that Merovech was in fact Chlodio’s son.

paragraph: Section::::References in popular culture.

paragraph: The legend about Merovech's conception was adapted in 1982 by Michael Baigent, Richard Leigh and Henry Lincoln in their book "The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail", as the seed of a new idea. They hypothesized that this "descended from a fish" legend was actually referring to the concept that the Merovingian line had married into the bloodline of Jesus Christ, since the symbol for early Christians had also been a fish. This theory, with no other basis than the authors' hypothesis, was further popularized in 2003 via Dan Brown's bestselling novel, "The Da Vinci Code". However, there was no evidence for this claim that Merovech is descended from Jesus. The identity and historicity of Merovech is one of the driving mysteries in "The Widow’s Son", second book of Robert Anton Wilson’s "The Historical Illuminatus Chronicles", first introducing the fish legend to the reader by having the early Merovingians appear in a vision as a hideous fish creature resembling H. P. Lovecraft’s Deep Ones, before settling on a variation on "Holy Blood, Holy Grail" which goes a step further by identifying Jesus and Mary Magdalene as the bridegroom and bride in "The Alchemical Marriage of Christian Rosycross" and Merovech as the titular Widow’s Son from Masonic lore and positing that the entire bloodline is descended from alien-human hybrids.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Battle of the Catalaunian Plains

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tonantius Ferreolus (prefect)

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Behind the Da Vinci Code", 2006, History Channel documentary about Henry Lincoln

paragraph: BULLET::::- Todd, M. "The Early Germans"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wood, Ian. "The Merovingian Kingdoms 450–751". London: Longman Group, 1994.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

description: Frankish king

wikidata_label: Merovech

wikipedia_title: Merovech


text:
Capracotta
Italy
Buenos Aires
bakery
bread making machine
Italian Army
World War I
University of Buenos Aires
pasta
Enrique Mosconi
YPF
petroleum extraction
pipe
fuel dispenser
Buenos Aires
Avellaneda
industrial machinery
home appliance
refrigerator
Italian Argentine
Benito Mussolini
ILO
Siam di Tella
Torcuato di Tella Institute
avant-garde art
Argentine economy
Guido di Tella
Torcuato di Tella University

categories: University of Buenos Aires alumni,Italian emigrants to Argentina,People from the Province of Isernia,Argentine philanthropists,University of Buenos Aires faculty,Burials at La Chacarita Cemetery,1892 births,1948 deaths,Argentine businesspeople

paragraph: Torcuato di Tella

paragraph: Torcuato di Tella (18921948) was an Argentine industrialist and philanthropist.

paragraph: Section::::Life and times.

paragraph: Torcuato di Tella was born in Capracotta, Italy, in 1892. He arrived in Argentina at age 13 and settled in Buenos Aires. A widespread, 1911 bakery workers' strike prompted di Tella to develop a bread making machine, which he sold to a number of the city's "panaderías" as both a labor-saving device and a hedge against future strikes. The venture gave birth to "Sección Industrial Amasadoras Mecánicas" ("Bread Making Machine Industries"), or, simply, "SIAM".

paragraph: Di Tella enlisted in the Italian Army during World War I; upon his return, he enrolled in the University of Buenos Aires, earning a degree in Exact Sciences in 1921. The country's leading bread and pasta machine maker by the 1920s, di Tella's friendship with Enrique Mosconi, the Director of the newly established State oil concern YPF, helped result in a contract for their petroleum extraction pumps, pipes, and fuel dispensers, making SIAM a leading Argentine manufacturer. A military coup in 1930 resulted in the contract's rescission, however, prompting di Tella to convert his new factory in the southern Buenos Aires suburb of Avellaneda into the manufacture of industrial machinery and home appliances (particularly refrigerators), becoming an employer to 10,000 workers and the largest, domestically-based industrial conglomerate in Latin America.

paragraph: Torcuato di Tella married a fellow Italian Argentine, María Robiola, and had two sons: Torcuato and Guido. He was politically active as a dedicated anti-fascist, assisting its victims in Italy, helping marshall opposition to Italian dictator Benito Mussolini and representing Argentina in numerous ILO conferences. He taught Economics and Management at his alma mater from 1944 and, never holding public office, di Tella drafted a number of work safety and other labor legislation proposals.

paragraph: Torcuato di Tella died in 1948 at age 56, and per his wishes, his two sons (both engineers) took control of SIAM, renaming it Siam di Tella. The company continued to grow, albeit erratically, and in the 1960s became known for both its automobiles (producing 28,000 between 1962 and 1966) and its refrigerators (of which over 500,000 were made). The family established the Torcuato di Tella Institute, an educational and philanthropic society for the promotion of local artists, in his honor in 1958; the institute became a leading local promoter of avant-garde art in the 1960s. Competition from foreign subsidiaries, changing government policy towards free trade, and the vicissitudes of the Argentine economy itself helped bankrupt the company by 1981, however, and its last remnants were sold off in 1994.

paragraph: Torcuato and Guido di Tella founded the Torcuato di Tella University in 1991, the year Guido became Argentina's Minister of Foreign Relations.

description: Argentine businessman

wikidata_label: Torcuato di Tella

wikipedia_title: Torcuato di Tella


text:
Australian
technical diver
shipwreck
researcher
author
inventor
Hospital Ship
AHS "Centaur"
wreck diving
Simon Mitchell
scuba dive
Brisbane
Coral Sea
Australian Hydrographic Office
Queensland
Australian National Maritime Museum
Australian
Queensland Museum
buoys
US Navy
World War II
aircraft carriers

categories: Australian non-fiction writers,Australian underwater divers,Australian explorers,1965 births,Living people

paragraph: Trevor Jackson (diver)

paragraph: Captain Trevor Jackson (born 26 November 1965) is an Australian technical diver, shipwreck researcher, author and inventor. In 2002 he staged what became known as the "Centaur Dive", which subsequently led to the gazetted position of the sunken Hospital Ship AHS "Centaur" being questioned. Jackson is the inventor of the 'Sea Tiger' lost diver location system, and an author on the subject of wreck diving.

paragraph: Section::::Centaur dive.

paragraph: Jackson had doubted the accuracy of the Australian Government’s original findings for some time before he and New Zealand diver, Dr Simon Mitchell, supported by a team of 15 back-up divers, staged a world record scuba dive to investigate the site. The dive took place near Brisbane on 14 May 2002, after nearly a year of planning. At a depth of , the dive was the deepest scuba dive to a wreck undertaken at the time, a world record which held for several years. A camera was taken to the bottom by Jackson but pressure related equipment difficulties meant that no usable footage was retrieved. Despite the lack of conclusive proof, the pair remained adamant for several years that the wreck they had seen on the dive was too small to be the "Centaur". Jackson was quoted on the "60 minutes" current affairs program: "this wasn't a wreck of the dimensions that the Centaur was which, you know, was 100m long. It was a much smaller thing".

paragraph: Section::::Shipwreck discoveries.

paragraph: Between 1998 and 2004 Jackson was directly responsible for the initial discovery of at least 19 shipwrecks in the Coral Sea. These ships included the Dutch dredger "Kaptajn Nielsen", the USNS "Dolphin", the SS "Dover", and the SV "Missie". The latter contained a vast collection of 19th century glassware and is now a declared historic shipwreck. Most of these wrecks lay in depths well beyond the normal limits for recreational scuba diving. In 2005 he won the OZTek Technical Diver of the Year award for his services to wreck exploration. Jackson's research into the exact position and depths of shipwrecks is currently being utilized by the Australian Hydrographic Office for new editions of admiralty charts for Queensland. The Australian Hydrographic Office also removed the protected zone from around the 'old' Centaur position.

paragraph: In January 2009 Jackson was involved in the Australian National Maritime Museum's discovery and initial survey dives of the 19th century historical Australian shipwreck, HMCS "Mermaid" [1829], and the Queensland Museum's discovery of the SV "Waverley" [1889] near Thirsty Sound, Qld, in March later that year.

paragraph: Section::::Author.

paragraph: Captain Jackson is the author of two books on the subject of wreck diving: "Wreck Diving in Southern Queensland" and "Diveabout: Wrecks in Northern Queensland". He is an active writer for several dive publications and websites.

paragraph: Section::::Lost diver buoys.

paragraph: During 2009, Jackson patented a system of using specially designed buoys to locate divers lost on the surface. The system has been adopted by dive operators in the USA, New Zealand and Australia.

paragraph: The system draws upon the 'deliberate error theory', utilized by US Navy pilots during World War II to relocate their aircraft carriers. More significantly, it involved the development of buoys tested and weighted to exactly replicate the drift characteristics of non-swimming divers on the surface of the ocean, and the use of timed and measured vessel manoeuvres.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://web.archive.org/web/20090911230537/http://www.diveoztek.com.au/speakers.html

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.undercurrent.org/UCnow/articles/FindLostDivers200905.shtml

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://web.archive.org/web/20091015051554/http://www.diveoz.com.au/regular_articles/author.asp?author=3

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://web.archive.org/web/20091207204101/http://www.trimixdivers.com/Navigate.do?tableName=main&code=articles

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.news.com.au/couriermail/story/0,23739,24186666-5017790,00.html

description: Australian technical diver and shipwreck explorer

wikidata_label: Trevor Jackson

wikipedia_title: Trevor Jackson (diver)


text:
American football
defensive tackle
college football
Valdosta State University
Brooks County High School
Quitman, Georgia
New Orleans Saints
National Football League
high school football
Valdosta State Blazers
New Orleans Saints
2014 NFL Draft
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
NFL Draft Scout

categories: African-American players of American football,Valdosta State Blazers football players,Living people,American football defensive tackles,Players of American football from Georgia (U.S. state),1991 births,New Orleans Saints players

paragraph: Lawrence Virgil

paragraph: Lawrence Virgil (born January 20, 1991) is an American football defensive tackle who is currently a free agent. He played college football at Valdosta State University and attended Brooks County High School in Quitman, Georgia. He has been a member of the New Orleans Saints of the National Football League (NFL).

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Virgil played high school football for the Brooks County High School Trojans. He helped the Trojans to a 9-3 record and the round of 16 of the Georgia AA state tournament.

paragraph: Section::::College career.

paragraph: Virgil played for the Valdosta State Blazers from 2010 to 2013.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Virgil signed with the New Orleans Saints of the NFL on May 12, 2014 after going undrafted in the 2014 NFL Draft. He was released by the Saints on August 30 and signed to the team's practice squad on September 2, 2014. He was promoted to the active roster on November 27, 2014. Virgil made his NFL debut on December 28, 2014 against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. He was waived-injured by the Saints on August 17, 2015. He reverted to injured reserve on August 18. He was taken off injured reserve on February 8, 2016 and became a free agent on March 9. Virgil signed with the Saints on June 18, 2016. He was released by the Saints on August 3, 2016.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- NFL Draft Scout

description: American football player

wikidata_label: Lawrence Virgil

wikipedia_title: Lawrence Virgil


text:
eunuch
Safavid Empire
Grand Vizier
shah
Safi
Abbas II
Tabriz
Isfahan
Ardabil
Ganja
Shirvan
Karabakh
castrated
Abbas I
Mazandaran
Gilan
Farahabad
Ashraf
Safi
Gharib Shah
Baghdad
Shia
Mirza Talib Khan
Hatem Beg Ordubadi
Imam-Quli Khan
Marashis
Ali Mardan Khan
Qandahar
Mughal Empire
India
Kashan
Abbas II
Anna Khanum
Qazvin
French
Jean Chardin
sipah-salar
Rustam Khan
Jani Khan
Ali Qapu Palace
eunuch
Khalifeh Soltan
Imam Ali Mosque
mosque
bazaar

categories: Assassinated Iranian people,Eunuchs,1645 deaths,Safavid governors of Gilan,People from Tabriz,17th-century Iranian people,Grand Viziers of the Safavid Empire,16th-century people of the Safavid Empire,Safavid generals,Safavid governors of Mazandaran,1579 births

paragraph: Saru Taqi

paragraph: Mirza Mohammad Taqi (c. 1579 – 11 October, 1645) (), better known as Saru Taqi (, meaning "Taqi the blond") was a eunuch of Safavid Empire, who served as the Grand Vizier of the Safavid king ("shah") Safi (r. 1629–1642) and the latter's son Abbas II (r. 1642–1666) until he was assassinated on 11 October 1645.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Origins and early life.

paragraph: Saru Taqi was born in ca. 1579 in Tabriz to a poor middle-class Muslim family, which became disgraced after the death of his uncle Khwaja Qasim Ali. Saru Taqi served in the army during his youth in Isfahan, and was later appointed as the financial minister of the governor of Ardabil, Zu'l Fiqar Qaramanlu. Saru Taqi later served in the same office in Ganja and Shirvan, but was some time later appointed as the Grand of the governor of Karabakh. In 1615, Saru Taqi was castrated by the Safavid shah Abbas I after having been accused by a furrier named Mu'min of having forcibly had sex with him. His property was then taken, but it was later restored after Abbas I found out that the accusation was false.

paragraph: One year later, Saru Taqi was appointed as the governor of Mazandaran, and one year after that, was appointed as the governor of Gilan. During his governorship of those two provinces, he laid foundation to many buildings and towns, such as Farahabad and Ashraf. In 1629, Abbas I died and was succeeded by his grandson Safi, whom Saru Taqi enjoyed good relations with. During the same year, Saru Taqi, along with other governors, suppressed the rebellion of Gharib Shah, which took place in Gilan and Mazandaran.

paragraph: In 1631, Saru Taqi was sent to Baghdad to take part in the renovation of the Shia shrines. Two years later, Saru Taqi dishonored the Safavid Grand Vizier Mirza Talib Khan and secretly had him assassinated. The reason behind these actions was due to a personal hatred Saru Taqi had towards the family of Mirza Talib Khan, whose father Hatem Beg Ordubadi had denied to give Saru Taqi's father a post which he had asked for. Furthermore, Saru Taqi also took over the house of Mirza Talib Khan, which was in Isfahan, the capital of the Safavid Empire.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Vizierate under Safi (1633-1642).

paragraph: Safi then appointed Saru Taqi as his new Grand Vizier. During the same year, Saru Taqi made a conspiracy against the powerful military officer Imam-Quli Khan, which resulted in the latter's death and his possessions being converted into the crown estate. In 1634, Saru Taqi appointed his brother Mohammad Saleh Beg as the governor of Mazandaran, thus reducing the power of the descendants of the Marashis, who were the elite of the province.

paragraph: In 1638, Saru Taqi, who aimed to having Ali Mardan Khan, the governor of Qandahar, dismissed, demanded a large sum of money from him. After having been under pressure by Saru Taqi for some time, Ali Mardan Khan defected to the Mughal Empire of India, and then fled into India. On 12 May 1642, Safi died.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.:Vizierate under Abbas II and death (1642-1645).

paragraph: On 15 May 1642, at Kashan, Mohammad Mirza was crowned as the shah of Iran and chose "Abbas II" as his dynastic name. Since he was less than 10 years old when he became shah, the job of governing Iran was placed in the hands of his mother, Anna Khanum, and Saru Taqi, while Abbas concentrated on his education at Qazvin. Saru Taqi and Anna Khanum worked closely together, and under them Iran was in secure hands. The French traveller Jean Chardin said the following thing about them:

paragraph: In 1643, Saru Taqi accused the powerful military commander ("sipah-salar") Rustam Khan of treason, and had him executed. During the same year, the daughter of Saru Taqi's court ally Jani Khan, was given in marriage to his nephew. One year later, Saru Taqi enlarged the Ali Qapu Palace.

paragraph: On 11 October 1645, Saru Taqi was betrayed and murdered in his own house by Jani Khan, mostly likely with the approval of Abbas II, who was trying to get independence from his mother and the slaves which supported her. When Anna Khanum heard about the murder of Saru Taqi, she became extremely angry, and sent one of her eunuchs to Jani Khan in order to find out the reason behind the murder. Jani Khan then insulted both Anna Khanum and Saru Taqi, which four days later resulted in his death by an assassin sent by Anna Khanum. The successor of Saru Taqi was a Marashi descendant named Khalifeh Soltan, who had already served as Grand Vizier from 1623 to 1631.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: Saru Taqi took part in the construction of many buildings, and is one of the most important builders of the Safavid era. One of these buildings was the one of the most important Shia places, the Imam Ali Mosque, which Saru Taqi rebuilt. Furthermore, he also spent his own revenue to construct commercial and religious buildings, a mosque and a bazaar in Isfahan being of the examples.

description: Safavid vizier

wikidata_label: Saru Taqi

wikipedia_title: Saru Taqi


text: Câineni, Vâlcea

text: Bucharest

text: Romania

text: Feminism

text: Nina Arbore

text: Câineni

text: Munich

text: Academie Julien

text: France

text: Romania

text: Bucharest

text: Romania

text: Biography of Cecilia Cuțescu-Storck

categories: Romanian women painters,Romanian painters,1879 births,1969 deaths

paragraph: Cecilia Cuțescu-Storck

paragraph: Cecilia Cuțescu-Storck (14 March 1879, Câineni, Vâlcea – 1969, Bucharest) was a Romanian painter with a strong influence on cultural life in the interwar period. She was a promoter of Feminism, contributing to the establishment of the "Association of women painters and sculptors" (together with Olga Greceanu and Nina Arbore) and "Feminin artistic circle".

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Cecilia Cuțescu was born in the village Râul Vadului, in the Câineni commune. She was adopted by her maternal grandparents, from which she has the name Cuțescu. She remained however very close to her parents, Natalia and Ion Brăneanu, and her sisters, Fulvia – who died in her teen years – and Ortansa – who became an important feminist activist in Romania.

paragraph: She began studies at Damenakademie, Munich, in 1897. In 1899 she leaves for Paris, taking classes at Academie Julien. Her paintings are introduced to the public through exhibitions held in France and Romania.

paragraph: Section::::Distinctions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Medalia de aur si Marele premiu la Expoziția Internațională de la Barcelona (1929)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cavaler al Ordinul Meritul Civil, Spania (1930)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cavaler al Legiunii de Onoare, Franța (1933)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Medalia de aur la Expoziția Internațională de la Paris (1937)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Maestru Emerit al artei în 1957, pentru întreaga activitate artistică.

paragraph: Section::::Authored books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fresca unei vieți", Bucovina, Editura Torouțiu, 1943

paragraph: BULLET::::- "O viață dăruită artei", Editura Meridiane, 1966

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Fresca unei vieți", Editura Vremea, București, 2006

paragraph: Section::::Referenced in books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Leon Thevenin: "Cecile Coutesco-Storck, sa vie et son oevre", Quatre Chemins, 1932

paragraph: BULLET::::- Angela Vrancea: "Cecilia Cuțescu-Storck", Editura de Stat pentru Literatură și Artă, 1957

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gabriela Storck și Petre Comarnescu: "Cecilia Cuțescu-Storck: Expozitie Retrospectiva", Uniunea Artiștilor Plastici, 1959

paragraph: BULLET::::- Marin Mihalache: "Cecilia Cuțescu-Storck", Editura Meridiane, București, 1969

paragraph: BULLET::::- Liliana Vârban, Ionel Ionița, Dan Vasiliu: "Casa Storck – Muzeul Storck", Muzeul Municipiului București, 2005

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jeremy Howard: "East European Art", Oxford University Press, 2006

paragraph: BULLET::::- Shona Kallestrup: "Art and Design in Romania 1866–1945", Columbia, Eastern European Monographs, 2006

paragraph: BULLET::::- Aurora Liiceanu: "Patru femei, patru povești", Editura Polirom, 2010

paragraph: Section::::In memoriam.

paragraph: In June 2010, from the initiative of the rector of the Economic Studies Academy of Bucharest, Gheorghe Roșca, and of the mayor of Câineni, Ion Nicolae, a commemorative plaque was placed in the village Râul Vadului.

paragraph: The Frederic and Cecilia Cuțescu-Storck Art Museum is a modern art museum located in Bucharest, Romania, dedicated to the painter and her husband.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cecilia Cuțescu-Storck: "Fresca unei vieți", Bucovina, Editura Torouțiu, 1943

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gabriela Storck si Petre Comărnescu: "Cecilia Cuțescu-Storck: Expozitie Retrospectiva", Uniunea Artiștilor Plastici, 1959

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Biography of Cecilia Cuțescu-Storck

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://metropotam.ro/La-zi/2007/01/art7087336963-Muzee-din-Bucuresti-Casa-Storck/

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://artistiromani.wordpress.com/2008/07/27/cecilia-cutescu-storck-1879-1969/

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://bucharest.romaniaexplorer.com/page_10865.html

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vă mai amintiți de: Cecilia Cuțescu-Storck, 1 februarie 2011, Eliza Zdru, "Adevărul"

description: Romanian painter

wikidata_label: Cecilia Cuțescu-Storck

wikipedia_title: Cecilia Cuțescu-Storck


text:
FRS
British
physiologist
Cambridge
Edgar Adrian
Hester Pinsent
mental health
Nobel Prize
President of the Royal Society
Baron Adrian
Alban Caroe
W. D. Caroe
William Bragg
Skandar Keynes
"Chronicles of Narnia"
Swarthmore College
Westminster School
Trinity College, Cambridge
University College, London
Corpus Christi, Cambridge
Churchill College, Cambridge
Pembroke College, Cambridge
Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University
Fellow of the Royal Society
House of Lords
cross-bencher
British Museum
British Library

categories: 1995 deaths,1927 births,Fellows of the Royal Society,Vice-Chancellors of the University of Cambridge,Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom,English physiologists

paragraph: Richard Adrian, 2nd Baron Adrian

paragraph: Richard Hume Adrian, 2nd Baron Adrian FRS (16 October 1927 – 4 April 1995) was a British peer and physiologist.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Adrian was born in Cambridge in 1927, the only son of Edgar Adrian and his wife Hester Pinsent, a mental health worker. His father won a Nobel Prize in 1932, was President of the Royal Society 1950–1955 and was created Baron Adrian in 1955.

paragraph: In 1967 he married Lucy Caroe, historical geographer. She was the daughter of the architect Alban Caroe and her grandfathers were W. D. Caroe and William Bragg. They had no children, and on his death in 1995, the title Baron Adrian became extinct.

paragraph: He was the great-uncle of Skandar Keynes, who had a leading role in the "Chronicles of Narnia" films.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Richard Adrian was educated at Swarthmore College and Westminster School, followed by reading medicine at Trinity College, Cambridge, and University College, London. He pursued advanced research into cellular physiology, becoming Professor of Cell Physiology at Cambridge University in 1978. He was a fellow of Corpus Christi, Cambridge (1955–61) and Churchill College, Cambridge (1961-81) before becoming Master of Pembroke College, Cambridge in 1981. He served as Master until 1992. He also served a term as Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge University. Adrian was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society for his contributions to physiology in 1977.

paragraph: In 1977 he became the second Baron Adrian after the death of his father. He was active in politics in the House of Lords, sitting as a cross-bencher. He was a trustee of a number of national institutions, including the British Museum and the British Library.

description: 2nd Baron Adrian

wikidata_label: Richard Adrian, 2nd Baron Adrian

wikipedia_title: Richard Adrian, 2nd Baron Adrian


text:
God's Wife of Amun
Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt
God's Wife
Divine Adoratrice of Amun
Thebes
cartouche
Amun
Mut
Osorkon III
Takelot III
Rudamun
Kashta
25th Dynasty
Amenirdis I
Shebitku
Temple J
Nubian

categories: People of the Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt,Ancient Egyptian priestesses,8th-century BC Egyptian people,8th-century BC clergy,8th-century BC women,God's Wives of Amun

paragraph: Shepenupet I

paragraph: Shepenupet I or Shapenewpet I was God's Wife of Amun during the Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: She was the first “hereditary” God's Wife or Divine Adoratrice of Amun to wield political power in ancient Thebes and its surrounding region. She was the first to take on complete royal titulary with names in two cartouches (her prenomen "Khenemetibamun" means 'she who is one with the heart of Amun'), and although her successors followed her example, she remained the only one who also bore the royal titles “Lord of the Two Lands” and “Lord of Appearances”, also, the only one whose throne name refers to Amun, not to his wife Mut.

paragraph: She was the daughter of Osorkon III and Queen Karoadjet, and the (half-)sister of Takelot III and Rudamun. She was God's Wife during her father's whole reign. When Kashta, a monarch of the 25th Dynasty, extended his influence to the Theban area, she was compelled to adopt Kashta's daughter Amenirdis I as her successor and name her as her chosen heir. Shepenupet and Amenirdis are depicted together in Wadi Gasus.

paragraph: Shepenupet is known to have survived into the reign of Shebitku since she is depicted on a section of a wall Temple J which was decorated under this Nubian king.

description: Ancient Egyptian princess and priestess, God's Wife of Amun

wikidata_label: Shepenupet I

wikipedia_title: Shepenupet I