text: Mederitz

text: Mannheim

text: Moravian

text: German

text: Catholic priest

text: astronomer

text: teacher

text: Mederitz

text: Moravia

text: Greek

text: Latin

text: mathematics

text: philosophy

text: theology

text: Jesuit

text: Society of Jesus

text: Mannheim

text: professor

text: mathematics

text: physics

text: Heidelberg

text: astronomy

text: Mannheim

text: Schwetzingen

text: Mannheim

text: St. Petersburg

text: transit of Venus

text: Anders Johan Lexell

text: Pope Clement XIV

text: Royal Society

text: binary star

text: List of Jesuit scientists

text: C. Mayer

text: Moon

categories: 1783 deaths,German astronomers,Moravian-German people,Fellows of the Royal Society,Catholic clergy scientists,Jesuit scientists,Transit of Venus,1719 births,German Jesuits

paragraph: Christian Mayer (astronomer)

paragraph: Christian Mayer (20 August 1719 Mederitz – 16 April 1783 in Mannheim) was a Moravian-German Catholic priest, astronomer and teacher.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: He was born in Mederitz, Moravia. He became educated in Greek, Latin, mathematics,

paragraph: philosophy, and theology, although his place of studies is unknown. In his early twenties he decided to become a Jesuit, a path which caused him to leave his home due to the disapproval of his father. He entered the Society of Jesus in Mannheim in 1745. After completing his training he began teaching humanities.

paragraph: By 1752 his reputation was such that he was selected as a professor of mathematics and physics at Heidelberg. By this age, however, he had developed a strong interest in astronomy. He was appointed Court Astronomer at Mannheim, and was tasked with selecting the instruments for the new observatories at Schwetzingen and Mannheim. With these completed, he was able to pursue his astronomical studies, and published numerous works. In 1769 he was invited to St. Petersburg to observe the transit of Venus, which he did together with Anders Johan Lexell. In 1773, the Jesuit order was dissolved by Pope Clement XIV, and consequently he was removed as Court Astronomer. However he was still able to continue his astronomical observations and studies. He applied for and was granted in December 1765 a Fellowship of the Royal Society.

paragraph: He is most noted for pioneering the study of binary stars, although his equipment was ill-suitable for distinguishing between true binaries and coincident star alignments. In 1777-78 he compiled a catalog of 80 double stars, which he published in 1781.

paragraph: During his lifetime he became a member of numerous learned societies. He died in Heidelberg.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Pantometrum Pacechianum, seu instrumentum novum pro elicienda ex una statione distantia loci inaccessi", 1762, Mannheim.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Basis Palatina", 1763, Mannheim.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Expositio de transitu Veneris", 1769, St. Petersburg.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nouvelle méthode pour lever en peu de temps et à peu de frais une carte générale et exacte de toute la Russie", 1770, St. Petersburg.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gründliche Vertheidigung neuer Beobachtungen von Fixsterntrabanten welche zu Mannheim auf der kurfürstl. Sternwarte endecket worden sind", 1778, Mannheim.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "De novis in coelo sidereo phaenomenis in miris stellarum fixarum comitibus", 1779, Mannheim

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Jesuit scientists

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Roman Catholic scientist-clerics

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alexander Moutchnik, Forschung und Lehre in der zweiten Hälfte des 18. Jahrhunderts. Der Naturwissenschaftler und Universitätsprofessor Christian Mayer SJ (1719–1783) (Algorismus, Studien zur Geschichte der Mathematik und der Naturwissenschaften, Bd. 54), Erwin Rauner Verlag, Augsburg, 523 Seiten mit 8 Tafeln, 2006. http://www.erwin-rauner.de/algor/ign_publ.htm#H54 [Scientific Research and University Teaching in the 2nd half of the 18th century. Natural Scientist and University Professor Christian Mayer SJ (1719–1783)] Inhaltsverzeichnis: http://www.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/tocs/178692786.pdf

paragraph: Section::::Honors.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The crater C. Mayer on the Moon is named after him.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Christian Mayer's Catalogue of Double Stars

paragraph: BULLET::::- Christian Mayers Catalog of 1781, a commentated new edition of Mayers catalog

description: Czech-German astronomer

wikidata_label: Christian Mayer

wikipedia_title: Christian Mayer (astronomer)


text: Leiden

text: Brakel

text: Amsterdam

text: Amsterdam Lyceum

text: Haarlem

text: structural engineer

text: Jan van Galenstraat

text: economic crisis

text: Communist Party of Holland

text: Jo Voskuil

text: De Arbeiderspers

text: communist

text: anti-fascist

text: German occupiers

text: Hongerwinter

text: Nuremberg war crimes trials

text: Amersfoort

text: Nico de Haas

text: Dolle Dinsdag

text: The Family of Man

text: Eva Besnyö

text: Emmy Andriesse

text: Indonesian National Revolution

text: Indonesia

text: West Irian

text: Rolleiflex

text: Jersey

text: Macedonia

text: Serbia

text: Spain

text: Sledelijk Museum

text: Order of Orange-Nassau

text: Nederlands Fotomuseum

categories: Knights of the Order of Orange-Nassau,1908 births,Photography in Indonesia,1975 deaths,War photographers,Travel photographers,Dutch Resistance members,Dutch photographers,Dutch photojournalists

paragraph: Cas Oorthuys

paragraph: Casparus Bernardus Oorthuys (1 November 1908 – 22 July 1975), known as Cas, was a Dutch photographer and designer active from the 1930s until the 1970s.

paragraph: Section::::Education.

paragraph: Casparus Bernardus (Cas) Oorthuys, born 1908 in Leiden, was the fourth child and first son of Dorothea Catherina Helena Christina de Stoppelaar (1875–1948) and Reverend Gerardus Oorthuys (1876–1959), who started his career as a pastor in Brakel. In 1909 the family moved to Amsterdam, where from 1921 Oorthuys attended the Amsterdam Lyceum for three years before enrolling in the technical school in the Timorplein in Amsterdam. From 1926 to 1930 he studied architecture at the School for Architecture, Decorative Arts and Art Crafts in Haarlem and, after the closure of this school in 1927, in the architecture department of the Haarlem MTS, during which time he joined the free-thinking Dutch Association of Abstinent Students, and first took up photography.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: In 1930 Oorthuys joined the municipality of Amsterdam as a structural engineer and was involved, among other things, in the design of the market halls on the Jan van Galenstraat. In 1932 he, with many others, lost his job as a result of the economic crisis. Unemployed, he came into contact with the Communist Party of Holland, which he joined. Oorthuys sought work as a graphic designer and photographer and with the painter Jo Voskuil started an advertising agency OV 20 ("Oorthuys-Vos 20") in 1932, which ceased business in 1935.

paragraph: Oorthuys was involved with and a member of various left-wing organisations in his field. In 1936 he became permanent photographer at De Arbeiderspers. He produced photography and graphics for communist and anti-fascist organisations; and in the tradition of "workers' photography" he documented poverty, police violence, the unemployed, homeless people and evictions for magazines, book illustrations and book covers and exhibitions.

paragraph: Section::::Resistance work during World War II.

paragraph: During the war Oorthuys helped forge identity papers and photographed clandestinely for De Ondergedoken Camera (the Underground Camera; see below) to document the activities of the German occupiers, and also the awful Hongerwinter, the Dutch famine of 1944–45. During the postwar recovery he recorded the Nuremberg war crimes trials and the rebuilding of his homeland.

paragraph: On 5 August 1938 Oorthuys had divorced teacher Gezina Broerse (1910–1997), whom he had married on 31 August 1932 and with whom he had two children. He married scriptwriter Lydia Krienen on 3 April 1940, just before the war broke out in May. During the Occupation, Oorthuys became involved in the Personal Identification Centre established in 1942 and made passport photos for fake ID cards, while earning a bare living on an assignment from publishing company for a book about agriculture. In May 1944, when he took ration cards to the architect J.J. van der Linden and others in hiding, he was arrested by the Germans and imprisoned in camp Amersfoort. Unexpectedly, he was released again in August, presumably at the interposition of Nico de Haas who, despite having been with Oorthuys one of the founders in 1936 of the ‘photo and film’ group of the Association for the Defense of Cultural Law (Bond van Kunstenaars ter Verdediging van de Kulturele Rechten, BKVK) in preparation of the anti-fascist exhibition (DOOD), had quickly worked up to become a prominent Dutch SS man after the German invasion.

paragraph: On release Oorthuys connected with ("the Underground Camera"), formed around Dolle Dinsdag on the initiative of the German emigrant and the former soldier ; ‘Underground’ because the Nazi occupiers declared a complete ban on "photographing, filming, drawing, and displaying persons and things in any other way outside of domestic spaces" from 20 November 1944. The group photographed in any way they could, keeping cameras concealed and shooting 'from the hip'; consequently the quality of the imagery is distinguished by its haphazard nature; often with tilted, uncentered framing and other accidental effects. Their aim was initially to document the Allies’ liberation which was longer in coming than hoped, and instead they recorded a severe winter of hunger and resistance in photos that have become the image of the German occupation, especially Cas Oorthuys’ picture of a woman with a piece of bread in close-up. A variation was published on the cover of "Amsterdam tijdens den hongerwinter" (‘Amsterdam During the Winter of Hunger’) published by Contact / De Bezige Bij, in 1947, while the now more famous image from this series reached an audience of nine million through the 1955 exhibition and publication "The Family of Man."

paragraph: Section::::Post-war.

paragraph: After the war Oorthuys maintained the left-wing convictions that had prompted his joining the worker-photographer movement Vereeniging van Arbeiders-Fotografen in 1932, and with his equally idealistic friends , Eva Besnyö, and Emmy Andriesse, formed the Vereniging van Beoefenaars der Gebonden Kunsten, the GKf, on 1 September 1945.

paragraph: In keeping with his convictions, from January until March 1947, Oorthuys, accompanied by his writer the educationalist Albert de la Court, travelled through Java and Borneo in Indonesia commissioned by ABC-Press and the publishing house Contact. In July 1947 the resulting book "Een staat in wording" (A Nascent State), promoted a peaceful solution to the Indonesian struggle for independence, and reviews reveal its impact on changing attitudes to the colony as the Netherlands tried to re-exert its control, but before the book appeared, the violent Indonesian National Revolution was in full swing.

paragraph: From 1945 to 1975 he produced numerous books and reports on the post-war reconstruction in Dutch industry, agriculture, regions and cities and undertook reportage in Indonesia (1947), photographed the Peace Conference in Paris (1948), and in 1950 produced reportage in West Irian.

paragraph: With Lydia, Oorthuys had three children: daughters Fenna and Hansje, and lastly a son, Frank, in 1960. Photography became a family concern; during the summer holidays from 1951 they traveled to make 28 photo pocketbook in a series for Contact-Photo books, starting with "Bonjour Paris" with a cover by Jan van Keulen, each on a different country, promoting tourism for a now more prosperous Dutch population. The compact books were designed around the square format of the Rolleiflex that Oorthuys favoured and several were marketed by foreign publishers in English, French and German language editions.

paragraph: During this period he also designed five postage stamps (1951) and two more in 1964. On each of the five stamps, a portrait of a child, among them his own daughter Hansje, is montaged against the background of a typical aspect of the Netherlands, showing the (housing) construction and industry. For the Belgian Ministry of Information he covered the Congo in 1952, with further reports on cattle raising in Jersey (1954), followed by stories on Macedonia, Serbia and Spain (1955).

paragraph: Section::::Awards and legacy.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1964 ANWB Prize for the book "Amsterdam onze hoofdstad"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1966 CPNB prize for the book "Netherlands"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1969 the Sledelijk Museum, Amsterdam, marks Oorthuys' 60th anniversary with an exhibition and book

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1971 decorated, Knight of the Order of Orange-Nassau

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1975 postage stamp commemorating the anniversary of liberation

paragraph: Oorthuys died unexpectedly on 22 July 1975 in Amsterdam, at 66, having only three months earlier designed a postage stamp on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the Liberation.

paragraph: At the end of his career he left 500,000 pictures, a huge archive faithfully maintained by his wife Lydia, who sold its imagery to a variety of clients before she donated the entire collection to Nederlands Fotomuseum when she was in her seventies.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Solo exhibitions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1969: Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970: "Portraits", Haags Museum, Den Haag (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970: Hoogovens (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970: Psychologisch Laboratory, Nijmegen (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970: Kontrasten, Haags Museum, Den Haag (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970: "Mensen-People", In de Prinsetun, Leeuwarden (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970: Kunstcentrum, Berge (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1974: Galerie Fiolet, Amsterdam (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1975: Amsterdam Historisch Museum, (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003: 1 Aug – 16 Aug, "Cas Oorthuys", Saló Juvenil-Biblioteca (ES)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003: 6 Sep – 28 Sep, "Cas Oorthuys", Sala Plens de l'Ajuntament de Petra (ES)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003: 13 Nov – 4 Dec, "Cas Oorthuy"s, Sala d'exposicions del Roser (ES)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003/4: 12 Dec – 4 Jan, "Cas Oorthuys", Casal de ca s'Hereu (ES)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004: 28 May – 29 Aug, "Cas Oorthuys", foam Fotografiemuseum, Amsterdam (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006: 18 Jan – 5 Mar, "Fotografías Madrid, Mayo 1955; Cas Oorthuys", Fundación Carlos de Amberes (ES).

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007: 20 Feb – 19 Dec, "Fotografías Madrid, Mayo 1955; Cas Oorthuys", Fundación Carlos de Amberes (ES).

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018/19 "Cas Oorthuys: Contacts" Rotterdam, Nederlands Fotomuseum, 9 September 2018 – 1 January 2019.

paragraph: Section::::Exhibitions.:Group exhibitions.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1937 Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1953 Museum of Modern Art, New York (US)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1954 "Subjektive Fotografie 2", Saarbriicken (DE)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1957 "Biennale di Fotografia", Venezia (IT)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1971 "Mensen-People", Meyhuis, Helmond (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1971: "Mensen-People", Moscow (USSR)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1979 Haags Gemeentemuseum, Den Haag (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002/3: 10 Nov – 12 Jan, "Zwarte Rook: Fotografie en steenkool in de twintigste eeuw", Netherlands Photo Museum (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003: 20 Sep – 19 Oct "60 Exhibitions: Breda Photo," Breda Photo (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003: 29 Aug – 26 Oct, "Rare Snuiters", De Nieuwe Kerk (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003/4: 19 Oct – 18 Jan, "Licht, lucht en ruimte – Wonen in de jaren vijftig: Cas Oorthuys Jan Versnel, De Zonnehof" - centrum voor moderne kunst (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004: 7 Feb – 13 Mar, "Onbedoelde Fotografie", ACF Amsterdams Centrum voor Fotografie (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003/4: 12 Dec – 23 May, "Foto's van Vijftig", Stedelijk Museum De Lakenhal (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004: 18 Sep – 5 Dec, "Wegkijken: Foto's uit het Spaarnestad" Fotoarchief, De Hallen (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004/5: 4 Sep – 9 Jan, "Paris was great!: Dutch photographers in Paris 1945–1965", Stedelijk Museum Schiedam (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005: 10 Feb – 22 May, "La Photographie à l'épreuve", IAC - Institut d'art contemporain (FR)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005: 14 May – 12 Jun, "Made in Holland", Dexia FotoFestival Naarden:

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005: 22 May – 11 Sep 1945 - "Im Blick der Fotografie. Kriegsende und Neuanfang", LWL-Museum (DE) FotoFestival NaardenNL

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006: 8 Sep – 3 Dec "The Street: Pioneers of 20th-Century Photography from the Rijksmuseum's photo collection", Van Gogh Museum (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2007: 19 Apr – 26 Aug, "Dutch Eyes", Netherlands Photo Museum (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2008: 22 Mar – 22 Jun, "The Van Zoetendaal Collection", Fotomuseum Den Haag (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2014: 14 Sep 2013 – 5 Jan, "White: Photography, Art, Design, Fashion, Film", Netherlands Photo Museum (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015: 5 Feb – 14 Mar, "Mid-Century Dutch: Vintage Photographs by Dutch Artists", Keith de Lellis Gallery (US)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015: 24 Jan – 24 May, "Rotterdam in the Picture: 175 Years of Photography in Rotterdam", Netherlands Photo Museum (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2016: 16 Mar – 19 Jun, "Strange and Familiar: Britain as Revealed by International Photographers, curated by Martin Parr," Barbican Art Gallery (GB)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017: 9 Sep 2016 – 22 Jan, "Der Rhein und die Fotografie 2016-1853", LVR LandesMuseum Bonn (DE)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017: 25 Nov 2016 – 29 May, "Strange and Familiar: Britain as Revealed by International Photographers, Curated by Martin Parr," Manchester Art Gallery (GB)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017: 20 May – 20 Aug, "Spring Tide: Van Zoetendaal & The Collection", Netherlands Photo Museum (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017: 20 May – 3 Sep, "Spring Tide: Van Zoetendaal & The Collection", Netherlands Photo Museum (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018: 3 Mar – 23 Sep, "From Muscle Power to Robot Resistance", Museum Helmond (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2018: 20 Jan – 9 Dec, "The Collection Illuminated by Charlotte Dumas: Oorthuys with Martien Coppens, Richard Tepe and Ed van der Elsken", Netherlands Photo Museum (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2019, 15 Sep 2018 – 13 Jan, "The Mix | Dutch Photographers: Past & Present," Netherlands Photo Museum (NL)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ongoing: "The Family of Man, UNESCO Memory of the World, Steichen Collections," Clervaux Castle (LU)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Oorthuys' works in the collection of the Nederlands Fotomuseum

alias:
Casparus Bernardus Oorthuys
Cas Oorthuis
Cas Oorthuijs

description: Dutch photographer

wikidata_label: Cas Oorthuys

wikipedia_title: Cas Oorthuys


text:
Corrientes
Argentine
Corrientes Province
Juan Manuel de Rosas
Buenos Aires
Anarchy of 1820
Curuzú Cuatiá
Genaro Berón de Astrada
Pedro Ferré
Juan Madariaga
Mercedes
Juan Lavalle
Entre Rios
José Maria Paz
Corrientes
Entre Ríos
Pascual Echagüe
Battle of Caaguazú
Alegrete
Uruguay River
Uruguaiana
Nicanor Cáceres
Benjamín Virasoro
Pedro Cabral
Juan Pujol
Uruguay
Eugenio Garzón
Concepción del Uruguay
Carlos Antonio López
Santiago Derqui
Juan Pablo López
Francisco Solano López
Treaty of Alcaraz
Battle of Vences
Asunción
Porto Alegre, Brazil
Zinny, Antonio

categories: 1799 births,1848 deaths,People from Corrientes,Argentine people of Basque descent,Unitarianists (Argentina),Governors of Corrientes Province

paragraph: Joaquín Madariaga

paragraph: Joaquín Madariaga (1799 in Corrientes – 1848) was a soldier and Argentine politician. Madariaga was Governor of the Corrientes Province and leader of the provinces resistance against the national government of Juan Manuel de Rosas.

paragraph: Section::::The Revolution of Madariaga.

paragraph: Madariaga was a soldier from a young age in the city of Buenos Aires, and participated in the acts known as the 'Anarchy of 1820'. He returned in 1824 to Corrientes, where he worked as a lawyer without having qualified as one and became a judge in the provincial capital.

paragraph: Years later he relocated to Curuzú Cuatiá, where he dedicated himself to rural work. He was deputy in the Provinivial Legislature during the governorship of Genaro Berón de Astrada and after the governor's death he supported the revolution that overthrew the federal governor Romero. Pedro Ferré named Joaquín's brother, Juan Madariaga, as commander of Mercedes and Curuzú Cuatiá. He helped Juan Lavalle form the army with which he conducted the campaign of Entre Rios in 1840.

paragraph: Upon the arrival of José Maria Paz in Corrientes, he participated in the campaign against the first invasion of the Governor of Entre Ríos, Pascual Echagüe. Alongside his brother, Juan fought in the Battle of Caaguazú, Paz's most brilliant victory. In 1842 they were defeated in the Battle of Arroyo Grande. They retreated toward Corrientes but they were denied by the Ferré government, forcing them to retreat to their ranches to save their family and property. From there they fled to Brazil, residing for some time in Alegrete.

paragraph: On April 1, 1843, the Madariaga brothers and some more officials crossed the Uruguay River near Uruguaiana, on what would later be known as the 'Paso de los Libres'. With the support of some leaders like Nicanor Cáceres and Benjamín Virasoro, within thirteen days they occupied the entire province, forcing Governor Pedro Cabral to flee toward the Entre Ríos. The last federal resistance was defeated at the beginning of May in the battle of Laguna Brava.

paragraph: Section::::Campaigns against Rosas.

paragraph: The Madariaga brothers convened a supportive legislature that named Joaquín Madariaga as governor. He assumed that position August 1, 1843. His first measure was to annul any measures enacted by Cabral, and sanction Ferré for having abandoned the province.

paragraph: He formed a unitarian party distinct from that which had supported Ferré among which were Juan Pujol, Valdez and Acosta; later, this would be the base of the liberal party, and their opponents, such as the supporters of Ferré and Virasoro, would become the autonomist party.

paragraph: In December 1843, both brothers invaded Entre Ríos, taking advantage that Urquiza was in Uruguay pursuing Rivera. The Entrerrianan reserve of Eugenio Garzón was defeated, but upon arriving at Concepción del Uruguay they learned that Urquiza had defeated Rivera and was returning. The retreat that followed transformed into a flight and they lost all they had gained.

paragraph: Just after returning to Corrientes, it confiscated a Paraguayan shipment that sailed through the Parana River. The government of Carlos Antonio López was about to declare war but Santiago Derqui was able to negotiate a peace treaty, a navigation and commerce treaty and a little later an alliance against the Rosas.

paragraph: In November 1844 General Paz arrived at Corrientes, and immediately, Madariaga put him in control of the provincial forces. The General dedicated many months to training the inexperienced troops. In June 1845 he sent an expedition to Santa Fe under former Governor Juan Pablo López's command, though without success.

paragraph: At the beginning of the following year, a force of 3,000 Paraguayans was established under the control of the son of the current president and future president Francisco Solano López. A little later, Urquiza invaded Corrientes and both defeated and took Juan Madariaga prisoner at Laguna Limpia. He did not try to attack the defensive positions of Paz but rather turned back. He promptly set free the brother of the governor and signed a peace treaty.

paragraph: General Paz decided to overthrow the Madariaga brothers. To his surprise, the troops remained loyal and he had to flee to Paraguay. President Lopez retired his army and cancelled the alliance.

paragraph: Section::::Potrero de Vences.

paragraph: Free from the arrogance of Paz, the negotiations advanced rapidly, and in August 1846 the Treaty of Alcaraz was signed. Through this Corrientes was reincorporated in the Confederation and the control of foreign relations was given back to Rosas; however, Corrientes was released from the obligation to support the Great War in Uruguay. Rosas demanded modifications to the treaty but they were rejected by Madariaga.

paragraph: In March of the following year, Rosas ordered Urquiza to attack Madariaga in Corrientes. Colonel Virasora joined the forces with Urquiza in the invasion that began by the end of that year. On November 27, 1847, Urquiza shredded the Corrientian army controlled by the Madriaga brothers in the Battle of Vences or the Potrero de Vences. The Corrientians suffered 700 deaths and 2,200 prisoners, many of which were executed after the battle.

paragraph: The following day, Colonel Miguel Virasoro occupied the government that he would leave to general Benjamín Madariaga one month later. Almost alone, the ex governor Madariaga fled to Paraguay and directed himself to Asunción, where he planned to drag President López into the war against Rosas. He failed and went to Porto Alegre, Brazil, where he died in February 1848.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Castello, Antonio Emilio, "Hombres y mujeres de Corrientes", Ed. Moglia, Corrientes, 2004.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Beverina, Juan, "Las campañas de los ejércitos libertadores 1838-1852", Bs. As., 1923.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bosch, Beatriz, "Urquiza y su tiempo".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Castello, Antonio Emilio, "Historia de Corrientes", Ed. Plus Ultra, Bs. As., 1991.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bosch, Beatriz, "Historia de Entre Ríos", Ed. Plus Ultra, Bs. As., 1991.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Zinny, Antonio, "Historia de los gobernadores de las Provincias Argentinas", Ed, Hyspamérica, 1987.

description: Argentine politician and general

wikidata_label: Joaquín Madariaga

wikipedia_title: Joaquín Madariaga


text:
gypsy jazz
Hot Club de Norvège
Buddy Award
jazz
Hot Club de Norvege
Lillebjørn Nilsen
Frank Zappa
Chet Baker
Philip Catherine
Stéphane Grappelli
Warne Marsh
Biréli Lagrène
Babik Reinhardt
Jimmy Rosenberg
Hot Club Records
Arthur Barrow
Jimmy Carl Black
Bruce Fowler
Bunk Gardner
Tommy Mars
Don Preston
Strange News from Mars
Jimmy Rosenberg
Edison Award
Strange News from Mars
The Jimmy Carl Black Story
A Portrait of Jon Larsen
Tommy Mars
Angelo Debarre
Jimmy Rosenberg
Vertavo String Quartet
Babik Reinhardt
Ola Kvernberg
Tromso Symphony Orchestra
Andreas Öberg
Bjørn Vidar Solli
Edison Award

categories: Hot Club Records artists,1959 births,21st-century Norwegian painters,Gypsy jazz guitarists,Norwegian record producers,Norwegian guitarists,Male guitarists,20th-century Norwegian painters,Living people,Musicians from Bærum

paragraph: Jon Larsen

paragraph: Jon Larsen (born 7 January 1959) is a gypsy jazz guitarist, record producer, painter, and amateur scientific researcher. He is the founder of the group Hot Club de Norvège. In 2007 he received the Buddy Award for his lifelong contribution to jazz.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: When he was in his early teens, he learned rock and soul songs on an acoustic steel-string guitar. Through friends, he learned about blues, jazz, flamenco, and classical guitar. After he heard "Tears" by Django Reinhardt on the radio, he decided that this is how he wanted his guitar to sound. At seventeen he formed a string trio and had his first professional job.

paragraph: In the 1970s, Larsen worked mainly as a painter. He started the Hot Club de Norvege in 1980 with guitarists Per Frydenlund and bassist Svein Aarbostad. They had a hit record when they performed with pop singer Lillebjørn Nilsen. Larsen started the label Zonic Entertainment to record musicians who have been influenced by Frank Zappa. He has worked with Chet Baker, Philip Catherine, Stéphane Grappelli, Warne Marsh, Biréli Lagrène, Babik Reinhardt and Jimmy Rosenberg. He has produced more than 450 jazz records for the label he founded, Hot Club Records.

paragraph: He has led a group of musicians who played with Zappa, including Arthur Barrow, Jimmy Carl Black, Bruce Fowler, Bunk Gardner, Tommy Mars, and Don Preston. They recorded the album "Strange News from Mars".

paragraph: "Symphonic Django" was released in 2008 by Storm Films, which also produced a documentary about Larsen and guitar virtuoso Jimmy Rosenberg titled "Jon & Jimmy". In 2012, the documentary won the Dutch Edison Award.

paragraph: After eight years of research, his book on cosmic dust in urban environments – "In Search of Stardust: Amazing Micro-Meteorites and Their Terrestrial Imposters" – was published in 2017.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Solo works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Superstrings" (1992)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Guitaresque" (1994)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Next Step" (2003)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Short Stories from Catalonia" (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live with Vertavo String Quartet" (recorded 1995) (2006)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Strange News from Mars" (2007)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Jimmy Carl Black Story" (2008)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Portrait of Jon Larsen" (2009)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Willie Nickerson's Egg" (English version, with Tommy Mars) (2011)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Willie Nickersons Egg" (Norwegian version, with Terje Strømdahl and Tommy Mars) (2013)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Within Hot Club de Norvège.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "String Swing" – 1981

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Old, New, Borrowed & Blue" – 1982

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Gloomy" – 1984

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Swing de Paris" – 1986

paragraph: BULLET::::- "La Roue Fleurie" (with Angelo Debarre) – 1992

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Swinging with Jimmy" (with Jimmy Rosenberg) – 1994

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Portrait of Django" – 1995

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vertavo" (with Vertavo String Quartet) – 1995

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hot Shots" (with Babik Reinhardt) – 1997

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Moreno" (with Moreno and Angelo Debarre) – 1998

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Presenting Ola & Jimmy" (with Ola Kvernberg and Jimmy Rosenberg) – 2000

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Angelo Is Back in Town" (with Angelo Debarre) – 2001

paragraph: BULLET::::- "White Night Stories" (with Tromso Symphony Orchestra) – 2002

paragraph: BULLET::::- "White Night Stories Live" – 2002

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Django's Tiger" (with Jimmy Rosenberg and Andreas Öberg) – 2003

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Stranger in Town" (with Bjørn Vidar Solli) – 2004

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hot Cats" (with Camellia String Quartet) – 2005

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Django Music" – 2008

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Caution HOT!" – 2013

paragraph: Section::::Books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Maler I Solnedgang" (Painter in the Sunset) – 2009

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Norske Meteoritter" – 2014

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zappa I Norge" – 2015

paragraph: BULLET::::- "In Search of Stardust" – 2016

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Robert Normann - Tusenkunstneren fra Sundløkka" – 2016

paragraph: Section::::Film.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Symphonic Django" – Storm Studio – 2007

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Jon & Jimmy" – Storm Studio – 2010, Winner of the Dutch Edison Award 2010

description: Norwegian musician

wikidata_label: Jon Larsen

wikipedia_title: Jon Larsen


text: French

text: conchologist

text: entomologist

text: Charles Oberthür

text: Rennes

text: Anceya

text: Jules René Bourguignat

text: Mascara

text: Marseille

text: France

text: entomology

text: conservator

text: Oberthur

text: Rennes

text: Marseilles

text: Algeria

text: Fort National

text: Boghari

text: Dra-el Mizan

text: Cape Verde

text: Mascara

text: Algeria

text: conchology

text: malacological fauna of Hawaii

text: Le Naturaliste

text: The Conchologists’ Exchange

text: Mém. Soc. Zool. de France

text: Bol. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp.

text: The Nautilus

text: The Nautilus

text: The Nautilus

text: Boysidia

text: Parabalia

text: Haplotrema

text: Pseudomphalus

text: Monomphalus

text: Micromphalia

text: Platystoma

text: Rhytidiopsis

text: Pararhytida

text: Microphyura

text: Ochroderma

text: Tomostele

text: Mabilliella

text: Thomsonia

text: Lechaptoisia

text: Thaanumia

text: Baldwinia

text: Armandiella

text: UIUC page

categories: French entomologists,French malacologists,Conchologists,1860 births,1906 deaths

paragraph: César Marie Félix Ancey

paragraph: César Marie Félix Ancey (15 November 1860 – 10 October 1906) was a French conchologist and entomologist.

paragraph: For 23 years Ancey was ‘conservateur’ of collections for Charles Oberthür (1845–1924) at Rennes. Ancey was then a ‘fonctionnaire’ at Mascara until his death.

paragraph: The genus "Anceya" was dedicated to him by Jules René Bourguignat.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: César Marie Félix Ancey, administrator at Mascara, Algeria, was born in Marseille, France, 15 November 1860. His father, well known for his publications on entomology and author of valuable work on malacology, encouraged his well-developed inclination for zoological studies. At the age of twenty-three he was appointed conservator of the fine Oberthur entomological collection at Rennes. This position not promising material success, he returned to Marseilles, where he studied law, and obtained his diploma in 1885. He then entered the government administration in Algeria. He was married in 1889, and the same year was appointed deputy administrator, and filled successively positions at Fort National, Boghari and Dra-el Mizan. After thirteen years spent in that locality he was promoted to acting administrator at Mascara. It was a just reward for his great qualifications and for the esteem which he had been able to win amidst duties that were frequently of a difficult character.

paragraph: Mr. Ancey hoped shortly to fill a State mission to the Cape Verde Islands, which was sure to furnish opportunities for malacological studies. After a brief illness he died at Mascara, Algeria, 10 October 1906. His death was a painful surprise to his scientific correspondents.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: Most of his writings were on conchology, and his many papers, some 140 in all, give an idea of the importance of his work, devoted principally to the malacological fauna of Hawaii, Central Africa, Polynesia, Central Asia, etc. He was especially interested in the study of the smaller land shells, of which he had a large collection. As his appointment to Mascara promised to be permanent, he expected to be able to work up his large accumulation of undetermined species, still packed just as he had received them. It was his purpose some day to study the land mollusks of Algeria; although thoroughly competent for the work, he hesitated to undertake it on account of the difficulties arising from the many doubtful species, which made the study of the Algerian fauna a most ungrateful task.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ancey C. F. (1881). ""Unio gladiatorm" n. sp." "Le Naturaliste" 3: 468.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ancey C. F. et al. (1886). "Ancey, César-Marie-Félix". "Revue Biographique de la Société Malacologique de France" 2: 11-25.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ancey C.-F. (1888). "Mollusques du Haut-Tonkin (Récoltes de M. Villedary)". "Le Naturaliste: journal des échanges et des nouvelles" 2(10): 70–72.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ancey C. F. (1888). "On the generic name of a remarkable bivalve shell found in the Congo". "The Conchologists’ Exchange" 2(2): 22.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ancey C. F. (1888). "Bull. Soc. Malac. Fr. v. p.", 192.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ancey C. F. (1893). "Faunes malacologiques de l'Afghanistan et du Beloutchistan". "Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France" 18: 40-47.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ancey C. F. (1894). "Resultat des researches malacologiques de Mgr. Lechaptois sur les bords du lac Nyassa et de la riviere Shiré". "Mém. Soc. Zool. de France" 7: 217-234.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ancey C. F. (1897). "Viaggio del Dott. A. Borelli nel Chaco Boliviano e nella Rep. Argentina. Resultas malacologiques". "Bol. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp." (Torino) 12(309): 1-22 + 1 plate.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ancey C. F. (1900). "Description of new species of Asiatic shells". "The Nautilus" 14(7): 83-84.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ancey C. F. (1905). "Remarks on some land and fresh-water shells from the New Hebrides, with description of new species". "The Nautilus" 19(4): 42-46.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ancey C. F. (1906). "Descriptions of two new "Cleopatra" and a "Pisidium"". "The Nautilus" 20(4): 45-46.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ancey C. F. (1906). "Réflexions sur la Faune Malacologique du Lac Tanganika et Catalogue des Mollusques de ce Lac". "Bulletin Scientifique de la France et de la Belgique" 40: 229-270.

paragraph: Section::::Taxa described.

paragraph: Mr. Ancey is the authority for many generic or subgeneric names, among which may be mentioned: "Boysidia", "Parabalia", "Haplotrema", "Pseudomphalus", "Monomphalus", "Micromphalia", "Platystoma", "Rhytidiopsis", "Pararhytida", "Microphyura", "Ochroderma", "Tomostele", "Mabilliella", "Thomsonia", "Lechaptoisia", "Thaanumia", "Baldwinia" and "Armandiella".

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: This article incorporates public domain text from the reference.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Anonymous. (1907). "The Ancey Collection of Shells". "Nautilus" 21(5): 59-60.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fischer H. 190? (1906–1908). "Journal de Conchyliologie" LV: 404-496.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wood, H. & Gallichan, J. (2008). The new molluscan names of César-Marie-Felix Ancey including illustrations of type material from the National Museum of Wales. Biotir 3. pp. 1-161.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- UIUC page includes portrait.

alias:
Ancey
Cesar Marie Felix Ancey

description: French conchologist and entomologist

wikidata_label: César Marie Félix Ancey

wikipedia_title: César Marie Félix Ancey


text:
FRGS
Aylesbury
Marple
author
photographer
nurse
teacher
Buckinghamshire
Russia
Kiev
Moscow
heart surgeon
Great War
Red Cross
Imperial Russian
Galician
Romanian
The Times
October Revolution
England
Siberia
Vladivostok
Pacific
Maria Bochkareva
Bolshevik
Royal Geographical Society
Valencia
Spanish Civil War
anti-communist
Nationalists
Women's Voluntary Service
Battle of Britain
Gibraltarians
Jamaica
BBC Television
Yesterday's Witness
Cheshire
Heswall
Stein & Day
Briarcliff Manor

categories: People from Aylesbury,Female nurses in World War I,20th-century British women writers,Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society,English women photographers,English nurses,English anti-communists,Female wartime nurses,British women in World War I,1978 deaths,1887 births

paragraph: Florence Farmborough

paragraph: Florence Farmborough FRGS (Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, 15 April 1887 – 18 August 1978, Marple, Greater Manchester) was an author, photographer, nurse, teacher and university lecturer.

paragraph: Section::::Early biography.

paragraph: Florence Farmborough, who was the fourth of six children, was born and grew up in Buckinghamshire. She originally went to live in Russia in 1908, and worked as a governess for a family in Kiev. Two years later she moved to Moscow, where she was employed as English tutor to the two daughters of Pavel Sergeyvich Usov, a distinguished heart surgeon. On the outbreak of the Great War in 1914, she qualified and worked as a Red Cross nurse with the Imperial Russian army, and saw service at both the Galician and the Romanian Fronts. During her time as a nurse she kept a diary and habitually took a large plate camera around with her. She would develop and print her plates while encamped with the forces. Extracts from the diaries were eventually used as the source material for her book, "Nurse at the Russian Front", published in 1974. She also worked as a reporter for "The Times" and for BBC Radio. Following the October Revolution and the disbandment of her Red Cross unit, she returned to England in 1918, travelling via Siberia, Vladivostok and the US, and crossing the Pacific on the same ship as Maria Bochkareva. During and after this journey she wrote a number of articles for "The Times", which were based on what she had witnessed and experienced in Russia in the aftermath of the Bolshevik coup. She contributed a number of chapters on the peoples of Eastern Europe to “Peoples of All Nations” edited by J.A.Hammerton.

paragraph: Section::::Later biography.

paragraph: After returning to Britain, Miss Farmborough was elected a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society. In 1926 she was appointed as a university lecturer in English in Valencia, Spain. During the Spanish Civil War Farmborough,

paragraph: who held strong anti-communist opinions, allied with the Nationalists. She worked as a newsreader on Spanish National Radio, broadcasting daily news bulletins in English. She later returned to England and worked for the Women's Voluntary Service during the Battle of Britain, becoming particularly involved in the rehabilitation of Spanish-speaking Gibraltarians. Later she spent four years as a government censor in Jamaica, checking correspondence to and from South America. She made her home at Sompting near Worthing, Sussex. She gave Russian lessons at her home to pupils from Worthing High School for Boys. Later she moved to Newton Abbot. She made a return visit to Russia in 1962, and visited the Holy Land in 1966. In 1974, the year in which her First World War diaries were published, she was the subject of a programme "English Nurse With The Tsar's Army" in the BBC Television documentary series "Yesterday's Witness". She was also awarded Honorary Life Membership of the British Red Cross. By this time she was living in a retirement home in Cheshire, although the final part of her life was spent at the home of her nephew.

paragraph: The idea of publishing a book based on her 1914–18 diaries and photographs, which had been carefully preserved by her sister Margaret, came as a result of an exhibition she gave of her Russian memorabilia at Heswall in April 1971. She declined the services of a ghost writer and, working daily from morning until night over a period of thirteen months, she prepared her manuscript entirely by herself, producing over 400,000 words. By her own admission, that was "much too much", and in the event her publisher cut "almost half of it".

paragraph: Florence Farmborough died in 1978, aged 91. She never married.

paragraph: A substantial proportion of her photographs are held by the Imperial War Museum, in the Florence Farmborough collection.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Life and People in National Spain" Published by Sheed & Ward in 1938

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Nurse at the Russian Front: A Diary 1914-18" First published by Constable (UK) in 1974. . (The US edition of this book has the title "With the Armies of the Tsar: A Nurse at the Russian Front 1914-1918," and was published by Stein & Day, Briarcliff Manor, New York, 1975. )

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Russian Album 1908-1918" Published by Michael Russell (Publishing) Ltd. in 1979

description: British photographer

wikidata_label: Florence Farmborough

wikipedia_title: Florence Farmborough


text:
Engelbert I
Johanna van Polanen
John IV
Solms-Braunfels
San Quirico d'Orcia
jubilee

categories: 1451 deaths,15th-century German people,1414 births,Counts of Nassau,House of Nassau

paragraph: Henry II, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg

paragraph: Henry II, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg (7 July 1414 – 8 June 1451) was a son of Engelbert I and his wife Johanna van Polanen. In 1442, he succeeded his father as Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, jointly with his brother John IV.

paragraph: In 1435, he married Countess Genoveva of Virneburg (d. 1437), the daughter of Count Rupert IV of Virneburg and Countess Agnes of Solms-Braunfels. After Genoveva's death, he married Irmgard of Schleiden-Junkerath, the daughter of Lord John III of Schleiden-Junkerath and Countess Joanna of Blankenheim.

paragraph: Henry II died on 8 June 1451 in San Quirico d'Orcia, on the way back from the 1450 jubilee in Rome.

paragraph: Section::::Issue.

paragraph: From his first marriage, he had a daughter:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ottillie (1437-1495), married:

description: Count of Nassau-Siegen, Vianden and Diez (1442-1451)

wikidata_label: Henry II of Nassau-Siegen

wikipedia_title: Henry II, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg


text:
entomologist
Buprestidae
Fribourg
Coleoptera
"Buprestidae collection from Catalonia"

categories: Swiss entomologists,1977 deaths,1900 births

paragraph: Hans Pochon

paragraph: Hans Pochon (1900–1977) was a Swiss entomologist and an authority on Buprestidae beetles.

paragraph: From 1931 he worked at the "Musee d'histoire naturelle" in Fribourg and restructured its entomological collections. As the museum did not have a collection of local Coleoptera, he donated his own collection. During his career he gathered some 16 000 specimens of Buprestidae, many of species new to science.

paragraph: Section::::Publications.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Coleoptera - Buprestidae" (Volume 2 of "Insecta helvetica") - Hans Pochon (Schweizerische Entomologische Gesellschaft, 1964)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Buprestidae collection from Catalonia"

description: Swiss entomologist

wikidata_label: Hans Pochon

wikipedia_title: Hans Pochon


text:
House of Ascania
Herman II
Beatrix of Andechs-Merania
Otto III
Otto II
Plassenburg
County of Weimar
County of Orlamünde
plague
Albert II, Margrave of Meissen
Weißenfels
Europäische Stammtafeln

categories: 1283 deaths,Year of birth unknown,House of Ascania,13th-century births,13th-century German people,Counts of Weimar-Orlamünde

paragraph: Hermann III, Count of Weimar-Orlamünde

paragraph: Herman III, Count of Weimar-Orlamünde ( – 1283) was a member of the Weimar-Orlamünde branch of the House of Ascania.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Herman III was a son of Herman II (d. 1247) and his wife, Beatrix of Andechs-Merania (d. 1265). Hermann and his brother Otto III jointly inherited the Franconian possessions of their maternal uncle Otto II. They resided at the Plassenburg.

paragraph: In 1278, Hermann and Otto divided their inheritance. Otto III took the County of Weimar and the Plassenburg; Hermann III took the County of Orlamünde.

paragraph: Hermann III died of the plague in 1283.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and issue.

paragraph: His wife, whose name is unknown, died after 21 July 1279. They had four children:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Elisabeth "the Elder" (d. before 24 March 1333), married:

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Hertmann I of Lobdeburg-Arnshaugk (d. 20 February 1289)

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Albert II, Margrave of Meissen (d. 20 November 1315)

paragraph: BULLET::::2. Herman V (before 1287 – after 1312)

paragraph: BULLET::::3. Henry III (d. after 26 March 1354), succeeded his father as Count of Orlamünde, married Irmgard of Schwarzburg (d. 13 July 1354)

paragraph: BULLET::::4. Elisabeth "the Younger" (d. 17 March 1319), a nun at the Weißenfels monastery

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hermann Grote: "Stammtafeln", Leipzig, 1877, p. 221

paragraph: BULLET::::- Detlev Schwennicke: "Europäische Stammtafeln", New edition, vol. I.2, Vittorio Klostermann, Frankfurt, 1999, table 185

description: Count of the Weimar-Orlamünde

wikidata_label: Hermann III, Count of Weimar-Orlamünde

wikipedia_title: Hermann III, Count of Weimar-Orlamünde


text:
House of Oropesa
Grand Master
Order of Santiago
House of Oropesa
Mencía Téllez de Meneses y Gómez
Gutierre Álvarez de Toledo
Juana Manuel
Fernán Álvarez de Toledo y Meneses
Castile
Estefanía de Monroy
Catalina de Loaysa
Fernán Álvarez de Toledo y Loaysa
Peter of Castile
Order of Santiago
Fadrique Alfonso de Castilla
Henry II of Castile
Peter of Castile
Sevilla
Gonzalo Mexía
Conde of Oropesa
Valdecorneja
Ciudad Rodrigo
Ferdinand I of Portugal
Ferdinand Wars
Oropesa
Fernán Álvarez de Toledo y Loaysa
Valdecorneja
Fernán Álvarez de Toledo y Meneses
Dukes of Alba

categories: Order of Santiago,Year of birth missing,1370 deaths,Spanish untitled nobility,Grand Masters of the Order of Santiago

paragraph: Garci Álvarez de Toledo

paragraph: Garci Álvarez de Toledo y Meneses was a Spanish noble of the House of Oropesa. He was the Grand Master of the Order of Santiago from 1359 to 1366.

paragraph: Section::::Family origins.

paragraph: Garci was from the prestigious House of Oropesa. He was the son of Garci Álvarez de Toledo, the head Alcalde of Toledo, and Mencía Téllez de Meneses y Gómez. He was the brother of Gutierre Álvarez de Toledo, bishop of Palencia and cardinal and chancellor of the Queen Juana Manuel. He was also the brother of Fernán Álvarez de Toledo y Meneses, Marshall of Castile.

paragraph: Section::::Marriage and descendants.

paragraph: Garci married Estefanía de Monroy, but had no children with her. He did however, have an illegitimate son with Catalina de Loaysa, Fernán Álvarez de Toledo y Loaysa. Some historians suggest the possibility that Garci eventually married in secret with Catalina.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Garci served the king Peter of Castile, being named head Mayordomo of his son Alonso. In 1359 he was named Grand Master of the Order of Santiago after the assassination of Fadrique Alfonso de Castilla.

paragraph: In 1366, Garci was involved in the war between Henry II of Castile and of Peter of Castile. King Peter went to Sevilla, leaving the defense of Toledo to Garci.

paragraph: Most of the nobility in Toledo pledged loyalty to Henry II. Garci, unable to defend the city properly, was made to surrender the Grand Mastership to Gonzalo Mexía (who already exercised that title in the court of Henry II), in exchange for the title of Conde of Oropesa and Valdecorneja.

paragraph: Section::::Death.

paragraph: Garci died in 1370 during the Castilian siege of Ciudad Rodrigo which was defended by the Portuguese forces of Ferdinand I of Portugal during the Ferdinand Wars. His estate at Oropesa was inherited by his son Fernán Álvarez de Toledo y Loaysa. His estate and title at Valdecorneja went to his brother Fernán Álvarez de Toledo y Meneses, beginning the bloodline of the Dukes of Alba.

alias:
Garci Alvarez de Toledo
García Álvarez de Toledo y Meneses

description: Spanish noble

wikidata_label: Garci Álvarez de Toledo

wikipedia_title: Garci Álvarez de Toledo


text: Naples

text: Darien, Connecticut

text: Time Inc.

text: philanthropy

text: New York Public Library

text: Inter American Press Association

text: Wheeling, West Virginia

text: Life

text: People

text: Institute of International Education

text: Andrew Heiskell Award

text: American Academy in Rome

text: Madeleine Carroll

text: Marian Sulzberger Dryfoos

text: Orvil Dryfoos

text: 2003 NY Times obituary

categories: 1915 births,2003 deaths,20th-century philanthropists,American philanthropists,Maria Moors Cabot Prize winners,American male journalists,National Humanities Medal recipients,20th-century American journalists

paragraph: Andrew Heiskell

paragraph: Andrew Heiskell (September 13, 1915, Naples, Italy - July 6, 2003 Darien, Connecticut) was chairman and CEO of Time Inc. (1960–1980), and also known for his philanthropy, for organizations including the New York Public Library. He was President of the Inter American Press Association (1961–1962).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Heiskell was born in Naples, the second child of American parents, Ann Moore Hubbard and Morgan Ott Heiskell, who had married in Wheeling, West Virginia and then moved to Capri. He spent his childhood abroad.

paragraph: In 1946, aged just 30, he was named publisher of "Life"; later, as CEO, he had to close it down (in 1972). In 1974 he created "People", which rapidly became a great asset.

paragraph: The Institute of International Education's Andrew Heiskell Award is named for him. Heiskell donated funds to pay for the Arts Director position at the American Academy in Rome.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: He was married three times. His first wife was Cornelia Scott, and they had two children, Diane and Peter. His second wife was the Hollywood actress Madeleine Carroll, with whom he had a daughter, Anne Madeleine. In 1965, he married his third wife, Marian Sulzberger Dryfoos, the widow of New York Times publisher Orvil Dryfoos.

paragraph: Section::::Books.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Andrew Heiskell with Ralph Graves (1997), "Outsider, Insider: An Unlikely Success Story", Marian-Darien Press,

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1987 Columbia University Oral History Research Office interview

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003 NY Times obituary

description: American publisher

wikidata_label: Andrew Heiskell

wikipedia_title: Andrew Heiskell


text: British

text: administrator

text: Eton

text: Magdalen College, Oxford

text: stockbroker

text: Middlesex Yeomanry

text: Second World War

text: Derna

text: Libya

text: prisoner-of-war

text: Camp 41

text: Parma

text: Edward Tomkins

text: Nigel Strutt

text: Bari

text: Apennines

text: Allied

text: Special Operations Executive

text: Foreign Office

text: Pearson PLC

text: Weetman Pearson, 1st Viscount Cowdray

text: Baron Brabourne

text: Financial Times

text: The Economist

text: Pearson Longman

text: Arts Council of Great Britain

text: patronage

text: National Trust

text: Sussex

text: William Penn

text: Fountains Abbey

text: Yorkshire

text: Belton House

text: Lincolnshire

text: Calke Abbey

text: Derbyshire

text: The Argory

text: County Armagh

text: life peer

text: East Sussex

text: Asolo

text: Venice

text: Victoria and Albert Museum

text: Royal Opera House

text: Glyndebourne

text: National Art Collections Fund

text: Historic Churches Preservation Trust

text: Gulbenkian Foundation

categories: People educated at Eton College,British arts administrators,Crossbench life peers,Alumni of Magdalen College, Oxford,British stockbrokers,2004 deaths,British publishers (people),British Special Operations Executive personnel,World War II prisoners of war held by Italy,1916 births,British Army personnel of World War II

paragraph: Patrick Gibson, Baron Gibson

paragraph: Richard Patrick Tallentyre Gibson, Baron Gibson (5 February 1916 – 20 April 2004) was a British businessman in the publishing industry, and later arts administrator.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Gibson was educated at Eton and Magdalen College, Oxford. He became a stockbroker in 1937, and he joined the Middlesex Yeomanry on the outbreak of the Second World War. He served in North Africa, but was captured at Derna in Libya in April 1941. He was held as a prisoner-of-war at Camp 41 near Parma in northern Italy, where he shared a room with Edward Tomkins and Nigel Strutt, all three becoming firm friends. Strutt was repatriated on medical grounds, and Gibson and Tomkins were moved to another camp. He and Tomkins escaped from the new camp, and spent 81 days walking south to Bari, crossing the Apennines and German lines, to return to Allied-held territory. Gibson then served with Special Operations Executive and the Foreign Office.

paragraph: He married Dione Pearson in 1945, a member of the Pearson PLC dynasty and granddaughter of Weetman Pearson, 1st Viscount Cowdray and of 1st Baron Brabourne. Gibson joined the family's Westminster Press group of regional newspapers in 1947 as a trainee journalist, rapidly rising up through the business, consolidating and expanding its media interests. He became a director of the "Financial Times", "The Economist", and of Pearson, and chairman of Pearson Longman in 1967, and of the "Financial Times" in 1975. He was chairman of the Pearson group from 1978 to 1983.

paragraph: He was a member of the Arts Council of Great Britain from 1963, and Chair from 1972 to 1977. During his period as Chair, the Council was under pressure due to government-wide spending cuts and reduced corporate patronage due to an economic down turn. Gibson argued against the imposition of admission fees for public museums and galleries (a measure that in the end was only briefly and partially in place) and defended the Council's more controversial funding decisions against charges of elitism. From 1977 to 1986, he was Chairman of the National Trust. a position in which he had personal interest as the owner of Penns in the Rocks, a estate in Sussex previously owned by William Penn that he bought from the estate of Dorothy Wellesley, Duchess of Wellington in 1957. In this period, the National trust acquired Fountains Abbey in Yorkshire, Belton House in Lincolnshire, Calke Abbey in Derbyshire, and The Argory in County Armagh.

paragraph: He was made a life peer in 1975, becoming Baron Gibson, of Penn's Rocks in the County of East Sussex. In addition to his Sussex estate, he owned an 18th-century villa at Asolo, near Venice.

paragraph: He also served as chairman of the advisory council of the Victoria and Albert Museum, a director of the Royal Opera House, a trustee of Glyndebourne, a member of the National Art Collections Fund committee, treasurer of the Historic Churches Preservation Trust, and advised the Gulbenkian Foundation.

paragraph: He was survived by his wife and their four sons. Lady Gibson died in 2012.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Obituary, "The Daily Telegraph", 20 April 2004

description: British noble and businessman

wikidata_label: Patrick Gibson, Baron Gibson

wikipedia_title: Patrick Gibson, Baron Gibson


text: Lanarkshire

text: Scots

text: neoclassical

text: history painter

text: Lanark

text: Hamilton, South Lanarkshire

text: Dukes of Hamilton

text: Agostino Masucci

text: Matthew Brettingham

text: Nicholas Revett

text: Grand Tour

text: Greek

text: Roman

text: Homer

text: Iliad

text: Domenico Cunego

text: Oath of Brutus

text: Jacques-Louis David

text: Oath of the Horatii

text: Livy

text: overthrow of the Roman monarchy

text: Johann Joachim Winckelmann

text: Goethe

text: Antonio Canova

text: Sant'Andrea degli Scozzesi

text: St Andrew

text: archaeologist

text: Hadrian's Villa

text: Flavio Chigi

text: Ostia

text: Caelian Hill

text: Villa dei Quintili

text: Castel di Guido

text: Gabii

text: Charles Townley

text: William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne

text: Warwick Vase

text: Hadrian's Villa

text: Sir William Hamilton

text: Giovanni Battista Piranesi

text: Antonio Canova

text: Rococo

text: Leonardo da Vinci

text: Virgin of the Rocks

text: Museo Pio-Clementino

text: Brinsley Ford

text: William Hamilton (diplomat)

text: Charles Townley

text: A biography of Gavin Hamilton

text: 4 works from the ArtFund

text: 2 works from Tate Britain

categories: 18th-century British painters,1723 births,1798 deaths,Neoclassical painters,British art dealers,18th-century Scottish painters,Scottish archaeologists

paragraph: Gavin Hamilton (artist)

paragraph: Gavin Hamilton (1723, Lanarkshire – 4 January 1798, Rome) was a Scots neoclassical history painter,

paragraph: who is more widely remembered for his hunts for antiquities in the neighbourhood of Rome. These roles in combination made him an arbiter of neoclassical taste.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Gavin Hamilton was born in Lanark in 1723, into the prominent family for whom the town of Hamilton, South Lanarkshire was named, the Hamiltons of Murdiston, linked to the Dukes of Hamilton.

paragraph: By 1744 he was in Italy, and probably studied in Rome in the studio of Agostino Masucci. From 1748 to 1750 he shared an apartment with James Stuart, Matthew Brettingham and Nicholas Revett, and with them visited Naples and Venice. On returning to Britain, he spent several years portrait-painting in London (1751–1756). At the end of that period, he returned to Rome. He lived there for more than the next four decades, until his death in 1798.

paragraph: Aside from a few portraits of friends, the Hamilton family, and British people on the Grand Tour, most of his paintings, many of which are very large, were of classical Greek and Roman subjects. His most famous is a cycle of six paintings from Homer's "Iliad." As engraved by Domenico Cunego and reproduced, these were widely disseminated widely and were enormously influential. Also influential was Hamilton's "Death of Lucretia" (1760s), also known as the "Oath of Brutus." This inspired a series of "oath paintings" by European painters, which included Jacques-Louis David's noted "Oath of the Horatii" (1784). Like most later paintings of the scene, it placed it over Lucretia's dead body. In Livy it is made later, after the overthrow of the Roman monarchy.

paragraph: As a painter of classical subjects, Hamilton was highly regarded by Johann Joachim Winckelmann, writer Goethe, young sculptor Antonio Canova and others in Rome, but was less appreciated in Britain. He did receive a commission to paint the altar piece of Sant'Andrea degli Scozzesi, the Scottish national church in Rome, for which he portrayed the "Martyrdom of St Andrew".

paragraph: As an art dealer and archaeologist, Hamilton undertook excavations at Hadrian's Villa in Tivoli in 1769–1771, at first to acquire marble for his sculptor to restore sculptures. His excavators reopened the outlet of a low-lying swampy area and "after some weeks' work underground by lamp-light and up to the knees in muddy water" retrieved sculptures from the muck, where they had been thrown centuries before with timber when Christians levelled the sacred grove.(Smith 1901:308). From 1771 Hamilton excavated other sites in the environs of Rome: Cardinal Flavio Chigi's Tor Colombaro, 1771–72, Albano, 1772, Monte Cagnolo 1772–73, Ostia 1774–75, the Villa Fonseca on the Caelian Hill in Rome, "Roma Vecchia" (the Villa dei Quintili), ca 1775 Castel di Guido and Gabii.

paragraph: In an age when restorations to Roman sculptures were broadly conceived and the refinishing of whole surfaces was still common practice, Hamilton maintained a reputation as an honest man who did not tamper unduly with the sculptures that passed through his hands. Hamilton sold many of the works of art he recovered to his British clients, most notably to Charles Townley, to whom the painter wrote: "the most valuable acquisition a man of refined taste can make, is a piece of fine Greek Sculpture"; and to William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne at Shelburne, later Lansdowne House, London. In 1771 Hamilton discovered the Warwick Vase at Hadrian's Villa. He sold it to Sir William Hamilton, a connoisseur and the British envoy at Naples.

paragraph: Gavin Hamilton worked closely with Giovanni Battista Piranesi. He was an early advisor of Antonio Canova, a young sculptor whom he met at a dinner party in December 1779 on Canova's first visit to Rome. The painter advised the younger man to put aside his early, Rococo manner and concentrate on conflating the study of nature with the best of antiquities and a narrow range of classic modern sculptors.

paragraph: In 1785 Hamilton bought Leonardo da Vinci's "Virgin of the Rocks" and sent it to London for sale. His purchase was the version now held by the National Gallery, London.

paragraph: Such hunting and sale of antiquities was considered a marginally shady undertaking. Hamilton was successful in making generous offerings to the Vatican's Museo Pio-Clementino, as the Pope claimed one-third of all excavated works and had the right to forbid export of outstanding treasures. In addition, Hamilton paid landowners for excavating rights, so kept his peace with them.

paragraph: He died in Rome on 4 January 1798.

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- B. Cassidy, ed., "The Life & Letters of Gavin Hamilton (1723–1798): Artist & Art Dealer in Eighteenth-Century Rome" (2 vols., 2012)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ilaria Bignamini, 'British Conquerors of the Marbles, 1 Gavin Hamilton as Archaeologist', in Ilaria Bignamini and Clare Hornsby, "Digging And Dealing in Eighteenth-Century Rome" (2010. Yale U.P.), p. 194–207

paragraph: BULLET::::- M. Cima, 'Gavin Hamilton a Gabii ...', in "Villa Borghese: storia e gestione", ed. A. Campitelli (2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- B. Cassidy, 'Gavin Hamilton, Thomas Pitt and statues for Stowe', in "Burlington Magazine"; 146 (2004 December), p. 806–814

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Dictionary of British and Irish Travellers to Italy, 1701–1800, Compiled from the Brinsley Ford Archive by John Ingamells" (1997), p. 447

paragraph: BULLET::::- David Irwin, 'Gavin Hamilton Archaeologist, Painter and Dealer', in "The Art Bulletin"; 44:2 (1962 June), p. 87–102

paragraph: BULLET::::- A. H. Smith, 'Gavin Hamilton's Letters to Charles Townley', in "The Journal of Hellenic Studies"; 21 (1901), p. 306–321

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- William Hamilton (diplomat)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Charles Townley

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Works in the National Galleries of Scotland

paragraph: BULLET::::- A biography of Gavin Hamilton

paragraph: BULLET::::- 4 works from the ArtFund

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2 works from Tate Britain

alias:
Mr. Hamilton of Rome
G. Hamilton
Hamilton of Rome
gaven hamilton
hamilton g.
of Rome Hamilton
Hamilton
G Hamilton

description: Scottish painter, excavator

wikidata_label: Gavin Hamilton

wikipedia_title: Gavin Hamilton (artist)


text: American football

text: college football

text: Hillsdale College

text: University of Maine

text: University of Delaware

text: Wing T

text: athletic director

text: College Football Hall of Fame

text: Detroit, Michigan

text: Northwestern High School

text: University of Michigan

text: Fritz Crisler

text: Forest Evashevski

text: Bob Westfall

text: Heisman Trophy

text: Tom Harmon

text: College Football Hall of Fame

text: Bachelor of Science

text: lieutenant

text: United States Naval Air Corps

text: World War II

text: battle stars

text: Master of Science

text: Hillsdale College

text: Harvard University

text: University of Maine

text: Mike Lude

text: Tubby Raymond

text: Lambert Cup

text: United Press International

text: Iowa Hawkeyes

text: Rose Bowl

text: Paul Dietzel

text: LSU

text: Frank Broyles

text: Arkansas

text: Ara Parseghian

text: Notre Dame

text: Jim Owens

text: Washington

text: Eddie Robinson

text: Grambling State

text: football helmet

text: Princeton University

text: quarterback

text: helmet with a winged pattern

text: American Football Coaches Association

text: Amos Alonzo Stagg Award

text: Delaware Sports Museum and Hall of Fame

text: College Football Hall of Fame

categories: American football halfbacks,United States Navy officers,Michigan Wolverines baseball players,20th-century American non-fiction writers,American naval personnel of World War II,Michigan Wolverines football players,1920 births,Michigan Wolverines baseball coaches,Sportspeople from Detroit,Yankee Conference commissioners,Harvard Crimson football coaches,American sportswriters,Delaware Fightin' Blue Hens football coaches,Maine Black Bears football coaches,College Football Hall of Fame inductees,Delaware Fightin' Blue Hens athletic directors,1991 deaths,Hillsdale Chargers football coaches,Players of American football from Michigan

paragraph: David M. Nelson

paragraph: David Moir Nelson (April 29, 1920 – November 30, 1991) was an American football player, coach, college athletics administrator, author, and authority on college football playing rules. He served as the head football coach at Hillsdale College (1946–1947), the University of Maine (1949–1950), and the University of Delaware (1951–1965), compiling a career record of 105–48–6. During his 15 years as the head coach at Delaware, he tallied a mark of 84–42–2 and gained fame as the father of the Wing T offensive formation. From 1951 to 1984, he served as Delaware's athletic director. In 1957, Nelson was named to the National Collegiate Athletic Association Football Rules Committee and in 1962 became its Secretary-Editor, a position he held for 29 years until his death, the longest tenure in Rules Committee history. In this role, he edited the official college football rulebook and provided interpretations on how the playing rules were to be applied to game situations. Nelson was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1987.

paragraph: Section::::Early years and college.

paragraph: Nelson was born and raised in Detroit, Michigan. Upon graduation from Northwestern High School in 1938, Nelson enrolled at the University of Michigan. As a 5'7", 155-pound halfback, Nelson played football for Fritz Crisler in the same backfield with fellow Northwestern High alumnus Forest Evashevski, All-American fullback Bob Westfall, and 1940 Heisman Trophy winner Tom Harmon. All four members of this famed backfield have been inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as either a player or as a coach. In 1941, Nelson led the Wolverines in rushing, averaging 6.3 yards per carry.

paragraph: Nelson earned a Bachelor of Science degree in 1942 before serving as a lieutenant in the United States Naval Air Corps during World War II. He was awarded three battle stars for his service. After the war, Nelson returned to Michigan as assistant baseball coach, earning a Master of Science degree in 1946.

paragraph: Section::::Coaching career.

paragraph: Nelson was head football coach at Hillsdale College in Michigan from 1946 to 1947, assistant football coach at Harvard University in 1948, and head football coach at the University of Maine from 1949 to 1950. While at Maine, Nelson began to develop the Wing-T formation.

paragraph: When he took over at Delaware in 1951, Nelson continued to develop the Wing-T along with his assistant coach, Mike Lude, and eventual successor, Tubby Raymond, who joined the Delaware staff the fourth year of the Wing-T offense. Delaware's success included winning the Lambert Cup, awarded to the top small-college team in the East, in 1959, 1962 and 1963. The 1963 team also finished the season as the top small college team in the nation in the United Press International poll. When Nelson retired from coaching after the 1965 season, his career record was 105–48–6.

paragraph: Nelson's Wing-T formation was adopted by a number of other teams, including Evashevski's Iowa Hawkeyes, who won the Rose Bowl in 1957 and 1959 using the formation. Others who used the Wing-T with success included Paul Dietzel with LSU, Frank Broyles with Arkansas, Ara Parseghian with Notre Dame, Jim Owens with Washington, and Eddie Robinson of Grambling State.

paragraph: Nelson also brought a unique football helmet design to Delaware. In the 1930s, Nelson's future college coach, Crisler, was the coach at Princeton University and was looking for a way to allow his quarterback to easily locate pass receivers running downfield. At the time, there were no rules requiring schools to wear jerseys of contrasting colors, and helmets were dark leather, so distinguishing teammates from opponents at a glance was difficult. Crisler hit upon the idea of a helmet with a winged pattern on it and had the leather dyed in Princeton's black and orange colors. When Crisler moved to Michigan in 1938—the same year Nelson arrived—he used the same design with Michigan's school colors. Nelson brought the same design, in the appropriate school colors, to Hillsdale, Maine, and Delaware. Delaware continues to use the "Michigan" helmet design to this day.

paragraph: Section::::Books and awards.

paragraph: Nelson authored a number of books on football, including "Scoring Power with the Winged-T Offense" (co-authored with Evashevski, 1957), "The Modern Winged-T Playbook" (with Evashevski, 1961), "Football: Principles and Plays" (1962), "Championship Football by 12 Great Coaches" (1962), "Dave Nelson Selects 99 Best Plays for High School Football" (1966), "Dave Nelson Selects the Best of Defensive Football for High Schools" (1967), and "Illustrated Football Rules" (1976). Nelson's final book, "The Anatomy of a Game: Football, the Rules, and the Men Who Made the Game," was a year-by-year chronicle of how the collegiate football playing rules evolved from 1876 to 1991. It was published posthumously in 1994.

paragraph: Nelson's awards include the National Football Foundation Distinguished American Award (1984) and the American Football Coaches Association's Amos Alonzo Stagg Award (1989). He was inducted into the Delaware Sports Museum and Hall of Fame in 1978, the University of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor in 1986, and the College Football Hall of Fame in 1987 for his coaching achievements.

description: (1920–1991) American football player, coach, college athletics administrator, and author

wikidata_label: David Moir Nelson

wikipedia_title: David M. Nelson