text:
Averroist
Candia
Crete
Venetian Republic
Germany
Rome
Padua
Italy
Averroes
Ibn Rushd
Averroes
Platonists
Renaissance
Pico della Mirandola
Greek
Latin
Hebrew
Padua
Aristotelian philosophy
Venice
Aristotelian
Perugia
Averroes
Averroist
Pico della Mirandola
Domenico Grimani
Cardinal
San Marco
Pico della Mirandola
Florence
Marsilio Ficino
Kabbalist
syncretic
Hermeticism
Kabbalah
Plato
Neoplatonism
Judaism
Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai
Zohar
Joseph Delmedigo
Byzantine scholars in Renaissance
Jewish Encyclopedia
Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Paul Oskar Kristeller
critical edition

categories: People from Heraklion,Greek Renaissance humanists,Jewish philosophers,1450s births,Greek rabbis,1490s deaths,Italian Renaissance humanists,Byzantine philosophers,Italian philosophers,University of Perugia faculty,Romaniote Jews,University of Padua alumni,15th-century Byzantine people,Scholars from Crete,Jewish humanists,15th-century Italian rabbis,15th-century philosophers

paragraph: Elia del Medigo

paragraph: Elia del Medigo, also called Elijah Delmedigo or Elias ben Moise del Medigo and sometimes known to his contemporaries as Helias Hebreus Cretensis or in Hebrew Elijah Mi-Qandia (c. 1458 – c. 1493). According to Jacob Joshua Ross, "while the non-Jewish students of Delmedigo may have classified him as an “Averroist”, he clearly saw himself as a follower of Maimonides". But, according to other scholars, Delmedigo was clearly a strong follower of Averroes' doctrines, even the more radical ones: unity of intellect, eternity of the world, autonomy of reason from the boundaries of revealed religion.

paragraph: Born in Candia, on the island of Crete, (at that time was under the control of the Venetian Republic), whither his family had emigrated from Germany, he spent ten years in Rome and in Padua in northern Italy, returning to Candia at the end of his life.

paragraph: He is remembered for a number of translations, commentaries on Averroes (Ibn Rushd in Arabic) (notably a commentary on Averroes' "Substantia Orbis" in 1485), for his influence on many Italian Platonists of the early Renaissance (especially Giovanni Pico della Mirandola), and for his treatise on Jewish philosophy, "Sefer Beḥinat ha-Dat" ("The Examination of Religion"), published many years after his death, in 1629.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Del Medigo had a traditional religious upbringing in Candia, demonstrating considerable breadth. In addition to rabbinic learning, he studied philosophy, and had a good knowledge of Italian, Greek, as well as Latin and Hebrew. It is likely that he also studied medicine, and it may have been with that intention that he originally went to Padua, where the University was the most important center for traditional Aristotelian philosophy in Italy. By 1480, he was in Venice, where he wrote "Quaestio utrum mundus sit effectus", and supported himself by giving classes in Aristotelian philosophy attended by the sons of wealthy and important families.

paragraph: He moved to Perugia and taught classes in "radical Aristotelianism," that is, heavily interpreted with the ideas of Averroes and other Islamic commentators. Del Medigo became quite well known as a major Averroist in Italy. While in Perugia, he met Pico della Mirandola, and wrote two pamphlets for him.

paragraph: Another important student of del Medigo's at that time was Domenico Grimani, a Venetian, who eventually became the Cardinal of San Marco. Grimani proved to be a consistent patron, and with his encouragement, del Medigo wrote several manuscripts which received wide distribution among Italian philosophers.

paragraph: He stayed in close contact with Pico della Mirandola, traveling to Florence, the site of Marsilio Ficino's Platonic Academy, to give classes and to translate manuscripts from Hebrew to Latin for Pico.

paragraph: In the end, however, Del Medigo was no Kabbalist, and he became disenchanted with the syncretic direction Pico and his colleagues were moving in, a tendency to combine concepts of magic, Hermeticism and Kabbalah with Plato and Neoplatonism.

paragraph: In addition to his increasing disappointment with Pico, he was somewhat discredited himself by the backlash from Pico's imprisonment and the interdiction by the Vatican of his 900 Theses. Furthermore, tension arose between del Medigo and the Italian Jewish community over his secular intellectual interests and his associations with gentile scholars. As a consequence of the financial difficulties he experienced in the wake of Pico's disfavor, del Medigo decided to leave Italy for good. He went back to Crete, where he spent the last years of his life. During this period, del Medigo returned to Jewish thought, writing the "Sefer Bechinat Ha-dath" for his students, in which he clarified his disagreement with the magical and Kabbalistic theories that inspired Pico's "Oration on the Dignity of Man", and expounded his belief that a human being cannot aspire to become a god, and that Judaism requires that a man must "fight for rationality, sobriety and the realization of [his] human limitations."

paragraph: Delmedigo argued against the antiquity of the Kabbalah, noting that it was not known to the sages of the Talmud, or to the geonim, or to Rashi. He also denies that Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai was the author of the Zohar, since that work mentions people who lived after the death of Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai. In addition, he attacks the esoteric allegorists among Jewish philosophers. In another section of his work Delmedigo discusses the intellectual reasoning underlying the commandments of Torah (ta'amei ha-mitzvot).

paragraph: His descendant Joseph Delmedigo was a famous rabbi, philosopher and a staunch defender of the Kabbalah.

paragraph: Section::::Popular culture.

paragraph: Elia del Medigo is likely the inspiration for the fictional character Judah del Medigo, in "The Secret Book of Grazia dei Rossi" by Jacqueline Park.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Byzantine scholars in Renaissance

paragraph: Section::::Notes.

paragraph: BULLET::::1. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article on del Medigo -- http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/delmedigo/ downloaded 1/17/2006.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The "Jewish Encyclopedia", article on "Averroeism" –

paragraph: BULLET::::- Italian Ashkenazi website –

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy" article on del Medigo –

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paul Oskar Kristeller, "Eight Philosophers of the Italian Renaissance". Stanford University Press (Stanford California, 1964.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sefer Behinat Hadat" of Elijah Del-Medigo, critical edition with introduction, notes and commentary by Jacob Joshua Ross, Tel-Aviv: Chaim Rosenberg School of Jewish Studies, 1984

paragraph: BULLET::::- Giovanni Licata, "La via della ragione. Elia del Medigo e l’averroismo di Spinoza", Eum, Macerata, 2013, pp. 1–422, . The book contains Hebrew text and Italian translation of Elia del Medigo’s "Sefer Beḥinat ha-Dat"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Medieval World – Europe 1100–1350" by Friedrich Heer.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Michael Engel, "Elijah Del Medigo and Paduan Aristotelianism", Bloomsbury, 2016

description: Sephardic philosopher

wikidata_label: Elia del Medigo

wikipedia_title: Elia del Medigo


text:
Lyck
East Prussia
Germany
Montgomery, Pennsylvania
photographer
Washington, DC
Library of Congress
James Madison Memorial Building
Bonus Army
1933 World Series
catalog

categories: People from East Prussia,American photographers,1889 births,Date of death missing,People from Ełk,1971 deaths

paragraph: Theodor Horydczak

paragraph: Theodor Horydczak, (1889 Lyck, East Prussia, Germany - 1971 Montgomery, Pennsylvania) was an American photographer best known for his early photographs of the places and events of Washington, DC.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: He is believed to have taken up photography during or after World War I, possibly while a member of the U.S. Army Signal Corps. His numerous "Washington as it Was" photographs are housed in the Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division in the James Madison Memorial Building.

paragraph: He was known for his photographs of the exteriors and interiors of commercial, residential, and government buildings and of events such as the 1932 Bonus Army encampment and the 1933 World Series.

paragraph: He retired in 1959. Horydczak used a large-format Gold Ansco camera and typically utilized the photographic style called "bracketing," or taking many subsequent images at different aperture settings.

paragraph: He married Frederica; they had a daughter Norma.

paragraph: Section::::Collection.

paragraph: The photographer's daughter and son-and-law, Norma and Francis Reeves, presented the collection, consisting of more than 32,000 items, including approximately 17,450 black-and-white photographs, 14,000 negatives, and 1,500 color transparencies, to the Library of Congress in 1973.

paragraph: The Prints and Photographs catalog divides the collection into the following subject areas:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Business and Commerce

paragraph: BULLET::::- Memorial Bridge Construction

paragraph: BULLET::::- Cherry Blossoms

paragraph: BULLET::::- Washington, D.C. in Color

paragraph: BULLET::::- People

paragraph: The Prints and Photographs Division digitized Horydczak's photographic negatives, which can be found in their catalog.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/232/

description: photographer

wikidata_label: Theodor Horydczak

wikipedia_title: Theodor Horydczak


text: slavery

text: Mount Carmel, Illinois

text: Charles T. Hinde

text: Edmund C. Hinde

text: Charles H. Constable

text: Chillicothe, Ohio

text: conspiracy of Aaron Burr

text: War of 1812

text: Methodist Church

text: Madoc

text: Wabash River

text: Grand Rapids Dam

text: circuit rider

text: Francis Asbury

text: Lyman Draper

text: Wisconsin Historical Society

text: Hanover County, Virginia

text: Thomas Hinde

text: Patrick Henry

text: James Wolfe

text: Virginia

text: Newport, Kentucky

text: land grant

text: American Revolutionary War

text: James Madison

text: Daniel Boone

text: Simon Kenton

text: Richard Southgate

text: William Wright Southgate

text: William Taylor

text: pen name

text: camp meeting

text: Kentucky Court of Appeals

text: Frankfort

text: Henry Clay

text: Great Awakening

text: abolitionist movement

text: Cowper

text: Chillicothe

text: Fredonian

text: rebellion

text: Aaron Burr

text: Henry Clay

text: George Madison

text: James Madison

text: Ohio House of Representatives

text: Hamilton County, Ohio

text: William Bradford

text: St. Clair's Defeat

text: Fort Recovery

text: James Madison

text: Charles H. Constable

text: Civil War

text: Edmund C.

text: Charles T.

text: California Gold Rush

text: Jacob Zimmerman

text: Deism

text: Methodism

text: land speculation

text: deacons

text: deacon

text: circuit rider

text: Wabash River

text: Piankashaw

text: mound

text: Tecumseh

text: Chillicothe

text: Vincennes, Indiana

text: William Henry Harrison

text: Grouseland

text: Shawnee

text: Blue Jacket

text: U.S. Army

text: War of 1812

text: William Henry Harrison

text: Indiana Territory

text: prisoners of war

text: Oliver Hazard Perry

text: Battle of Lake Erie

text: Wabash County, Illinois

text: Mount Carmel, Illinois

text: Biblical name

text: Wabash River

text: commons

text: livestock

text: Edwards County

text: Albion

text: county commissioner

text: real estate

text: Ohio

text: Supreme Court of the United States

text: Hinde v. Vattier

text: Mallow v. Hinde

text: William M'Intosh

text: fur trader

text: Grand Rapids Dam

text: Johnson v. M'Intosh

text: John Marshall

text: Discovery Doctrine

text: Thomas Todd

text: Lyman Draper

text: Wisconsin Historical Society

text: Cincinnati

text: scam artist

text: underworld

text: grog

text: Bawdy house

text: taverns

text: burglary

text: larceny

text: James Findlay

text: Henry Clay

text: United States Supreme Court

text: Wabash River

text: Maumee River

text: Lake Erie

text: Ohio

text: Mississippi

text: Charles H. Constable

text: Armory

text: Madoc

text: Christopher Columbus

text: Jeffersonville, Indiana

text: breastplates

text: coats of arms

text: John Sevier

text: governor

text: M'Intosh

text: American Indians

text: Mississippi River

text: Lyman Draper

text: Wisconsin Historical Society

text: Hollow Earth

text: wrought iron

text: Charles H. Constable

text: Hotel del Coronado

text: San Diego, California

text: Grand Rapids Hotel

text: Hanging Rock

text: Grand Rapids Hotel

text: Wabash County, Illinois

text: City of Mount Carmel Website

text: 32 U.S. 252

categories: People from Mount Carmel, Illinois,Deaths from pneumonia,1846 deaths,Methodist missionaries in the United States,American explorers,American militiamen in the War of 1812,Kentucky militiamen in the American Revolution,Appalachian culture,American surveyors,People of the War of 1812,American Methodist Episcopal bishops,18th-century Methodist bishops,American folklore,19th-century Methodist bishops,Clergy in the American Revolution,American Methodist missionaries,Bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church,People from Kentucky,American real estate businesspeople,American people of the Northwest Indian War,Hollow Earth proponents,19th-century American newspaper publishers (people),William Henry Harrison,American city founders,American company founders,History of the United States (1789–1849),Wabash River,Methodist theologians,History of Methodism,Historians of the United States,People from Hanover County, Virginia,19th-century American bishops,History of Methodism in the United States,English Methodist missionaries,19th-century American historians,American newspaper publishers (people),American military personnel of the War of 1812,American people of English descent,American hunters,American diarists,Tall tales,1785 births,American pioneers,American abolitionists,Methodist circuit riders,History of the Midwestern United States,Indiana in the American Revolution,American religious leaders

paragraph: Thomas S. Hinde

paragraph: Thomas Spottswood Hinde (April 19, 1785 – February 9, 1846) was an American newspaper editor, opponent of slavery, author, historian, real estate investor, Methodist minister and a founder of the city of Mount Carmel, Illinois. Members of the Hinde family were prominent in Virginia, Kentucky, Ohio, and Illinois. His sons Charles T. Hinde became a shipping magnate and Edmund C. Hinde an adventurer. He was the father-in-law of judge Charles H. Constable.

paragraph: Hinde was an active businessman, pursuing real estate, construction, and publishing opportunities in Kentucky, Ohio and Illinois. In his early years, Hinde publicly opposed slavery. He also used his newspaper, "The Fredonian", in Chillicothe, Ohio between 1806 and 1808, to highlight issues about Indian treaties and the conspiracy of Aaron Burr. He served in the War of 1812. In later years he was a pioneer in the settlement of Indiana and Illinois, and the expansion of the Methodist Church in these areas. He contributed to the Madoc Tradition and was a noted historian and biographer. Hinde cofounded the Wabash Navigation Company, which engaged in real estate speculation and dam construction. The company dammed the Wabash River next to Hinde's property, creating the Grand Rapids Dam. The dam was abandoned by the Federal government in 1931.

paragraph: Hinde was an ordained Methodist minister and traveled extensively to advance the interests of the church. He was a pioneering circuit rider in the early 1800s in Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri. Hinde wrote and published religious articles in many leading publications. Francis Asbury, one of the first two bishops of the Methodist Episcopal Church in the United States, considered Hinde important to the church. He frequently met with him and mentioned him in his journals. Historian Lyman Draper spent more than twenty years collecting documents by and about the Hinde family, along with papers of other important figures of the Trans-Allegheny West. The Draper Manuscript Collection at the Wisconsin Historical Society holds 47 volumes of Hinde's personal papers, donated by his family after his death.

paragraph: Section::::Early years.

paragraph: Thomas S. Hinde was born April 19, 1785 in Hanover County, Virginia, to Thomas Hinde (1737–1828) and Mary Todd Hubbard (1734–1830), as the seventh of eight children. His father was an English doctor who served as a physician to Patrick Henry and General James Wolfe. Little is known about Hinde's early years except that the family moved from Virginia to Newport, Kentucky, in 1797 when his father was awarded a land grant of for his services in the American Revolutionary War. In a letter to President James Madison many years later, Hinde related that while walking to school in the wilderness of Kentucky, he once successfully fought off a wolf and a panther. Daniel Boone and Simon Kenton were neighbors of the Hinde family while they lived in Kentucky, and the three men grew up as colleagues. One of Hinde's sisters married Richard Southgate; his nephews William Wright Southgate and William Taylor became prominent lawyers and politicians.

paragraph: After a conversion by his mother Mary and older sister Susannah in 1798, all of Hinde's family, including his father, converted to Christianity as Methodists. Thomas delayed a while. Shortly afterward the younger Hinde became close friends with Francis Asbury, who became a prominent bishop in the church. Hinde later described the conversion of his youngest sister, Martha Harrison Hinde, in an 1827 article published in the "Methodist Review" under his pen name, Theophilus Arminius. Hinde recounted Bishop Asbury visiting his father's home in 1803 and telling Martha that she had better find God, because before he could meet her again she would be dead. The bishop's prophecy came true when Martha died in 1811 without having seen Asbury again. Hinde said she had converted before her death and tried to convert the nonbelievers in the room while on her deathbed. He shared a letter in which his sister had tried to convert her close friends. Hinde named his first daughter after his late sister Martha. Hinde did not immediately convert but attended Methodist camp meetings of the period. During his life, he frequently wrote about the importance of the camp meeting in bringing Christianity and democracy to the west.

paragraph: In 1801, Hinde got a job as deputy clerk for the Kentucky Court of Appeals. William Kavanaugh, the husband of Hinde's older sister Hannah, assigned him to Achilles Sneed of Frankfort. He received a good legal education with Sneed, who was Clerk of the Court of Appeals. During this time, Hinde became acquainted with many of the state's leading men, and acquired a knowledge of the law. He also developed a reputation as one of Kentucky's most efficient businessmen. Hinde wrote to Henry Clay that he was the first lawyer whom Hinde heard address a court. Hinde resided in a boarding house, shared with many of the leading judges and politicians of the day, where he strengthened his personal and political contacts.

paragraph: Section::::Newspaper publisher.

paragraph: From an early age, Hinde opposed slavery. Although their parents owned slaves, he and his siblings repudiated slavery on religious grounds. Hinde's opposition increased and eventually he and other friends became outspoken critics of the institution in Kentucky, where slavery was commonplace in the middle and western parts of the state. In the Great Awakening, Methodists were prominent among those who opposed slavery, although they also converted slaves and welcomed them into congregations. In Kentucky Hinde joined other Methodist ministers in the abolitionist movement.

paragraph: In a letter to President Madison, Hinde attributed his opposition to slavery to the influence of his mother. He wrote:

paragraph: In 1805, Messrs. Wood and Street, from Richmond, Va., found their way to Kentucky. Friendly considerations led me to patronize them. This was done through the solicitations of a young friend from Virginia. They commenced a paper, published in 1806, called the 'Western World.' Imbibing strong prejudices against slavery, perhaps from my mother's repeating, in my infancy, the nurse's songs composed by Cowper, designed to make such impressions. In June 1806, to the great astonishment of my friends, I left Kentucky, with all the flattering prospects a youth could have, and hastened to Ohio. Connecting circumstances, and from hints that fell from Wood and others, a deep impression had been made on my mind, that an eventful period was fast approaching.

paragraph: Because of the slavery issue, in 1806 Hinde moved from Kentucky to Chillicothe in the free state of Ohio. In partnership with his brother-in-law R.D. Richardson, beginning in 1806, he edited and published a newspaper titled the "Fredonian". Fredonian" was a sonorous name for 'a citizen of the United States.' In later years it was applied to an American-inspired rebellion to separate Texas from Mexico.

paragraph: From early in his career, Hinde fought the projects of Aaron Burr. He collected and published material in "The Fredonian" related to what he said was Burr's conspiracy to overthrow the US government. Hinde sent the evidence to Henry Clay, a longtime friend of his family and later secretary of state, but the papers disappeared.

paragraph: While working at the Kentucky Court of Appeals, Hinde had developed a close relationship with George Madison and his nephew John Madison. In 1829 Hinde wrote to their relation, President James Madison, to provide him with information about the Burr conspiracy for a political history the president was said to be writing. Madison denied the project, but asked Hinde to send copies of "The Fredonian" to include in his presidential papers. Hinde sent newspaper issues dealing with the Burr Conspiracy. The copies of the newspaper were filed with the President's papers.

paragraph: After moving to Ohio, Hinde was unanimously elected by the Ohio House of Representatives to the position of clerk pro tempore. He held the position for three years before shifting to focus on his successful speculation in military lands.

paragraph: Section::::Marriages and family.

paragraph: On October 19, 1809, with minister William Lynes officiating, Hinde at the age of 24 married Belinda Bradford, the daughter of the late James Bradford, in Hamilton County, Ohio. His father-in-law was a descendant of William Bradford of Plymouth Colony. He had been killed in 1791 in St. Clair's Defeat, and buried in Fort Recovery.

paragraph: Hinde and Belinda had three children: James B., John Madison, and Martha. The second son was named after Hinde's friend John Madison, a nephew of George Madison and a relative of James Madison. The daughter Martha married Charles H. Constable, who became a prominent Illinois politician. He is notable for his decision as judge to allow four Union deserters to go free during the Civil War. Belinda died in 1827.

paragraph: In 1828, Hinde married Sarah Neal (Daugherty) Cavileer. They had three children: Edmund C., Charles T. and Belinda. Edmund was a pioneer who participated in the California Gold Rush; after his death, his journals were published. Charles became a business tycoon in Southern California, playing a pivotal role in its development through his shipping expertise. Belinda married Jacob Zimmerman, a successful newspaper editor and owner who in later years held a number of political offices in Illinois.

paragraph: Section::::Conversion to Methodism.

paragraph: Hinde was involved with the newspaper for less than two years. He converted from Deism to Methodism and decided that operating a political journal conflicted with his new religious views. After retiring from the newspaper business, he engaged in locating military lands and in land speculation. For the rest of his life, Hinde published editorials in newspapers and religious publications. He organized several camp meetings with other preachers, saying that the camp meeting could unite the different Protestant denominations.

paragraph: At times, Francis Asbury ventured into the wilderness to visit Hinde. An 1856 account states,

paragraph: In 1810 Bishop Asbury visited an obscure part of the western country (Kanawha) which was then a wilderness, and pleasantly told the Rev. Thomas S. Hinde that he had visited the region in order that the people might see and know their superintendent; remarking, "The shepherd ought to know the flock, and the flock the shepherd: they ought to know what man it is that governs them, and I have come nearly one hundred miles out of my way to see them." The writer exclaims, "O Asbury, the inhabitants of these hills and mountains will long make mention of thee!"

paragraph: Hinde is thought to have received his license to preach sometime around 1810. His first sermon was in Chillicothe in either 1807 or 1808, and people were so eager to hear him that they filled the church. The sermon was described as having "...no coherence in his discourse." During the sermon, Hinde repeatedly stated, "My bowels, my bowels!"

paragraph: According to a 19th-century account,

paragraph: As a preacher, he was rather eccentric. He was not very fluent and gifted as a speaker, but had the power of engaging the attention of his hearers, and was very successful and useful in a revival of religion. He entertained rather singular views on the subject of the orders in the ministry, objecting to the order of deacons, and holding that the eldership is the only true order. In consequence of these peculiar views, he would never consent to be ordained a deacon, and therefore never entered into orders at all.

paragraph: Hinde became a circuit rider in the early 1800s. While his circuit varied over the years, he served large portions of Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri. Much of the territory he covered was generally lawless, violent and dangerous. Circuit riders served numerous churches and were supposed to plant new ones in new or underserved communities. They were critical to the development of the frontier.

paragraph: An avid writer, Hinde wrote mostly about Methodism and church songs. He wrote a popular hymnal entitled "The Pilgrams' songster; or, A choice collection of spiritual songs", which was said to have sold more than 10,000 copies. Rev. Thomas S. Hinde was said to be, "...exceedingly earnest, and very zealous in promoting the interests of the Church and of religion and morality. His zeal, however, was rather of the ascetic kind; and he usually took prominent part in the arraignment and trial of brethren accused of offenses." He was quoted as saying that he was,"...doing God service."

paragraph: Section::::Indian affairs.

paragraph: Growing up in Kentucky in the late 1790s, Hinde learned of the danger of Indian attacks. After moving to Chillicothe, he became interested in prehistoric Indian sites. In a letter to President James Madison, he mentioned taking friends to Windship's mound (now the Hopewell Culture National Historical Park), but focused on his opposition to slavery, saying he called

paragraph: their attention to the surrounding scenery, my former pursuits, my friends, my country, my prospects—all these had been abandoned for the pride of opinion, against the entailment and perpetuation of slavery upon the rising generation! I remember their looks when I remarked, that after all, (pointing to the sun eclipsed,) I spoke of the gloom that overshadowed my future prospects!

paragraph: Hinde purchased property from William Mc'Intosh near the Wabash River, an area that had been a Piankashaw Indian campground. It contained numerous earthwork mounds built by cultures that predated the Piankashaw.

paragraph: Hinde met the Shawnee chief Tecumseh in Chillicothe and in Vincennes, Indiana, during either the 1810 or the 1811 meeting between Tecumseh and William Henry Harrison at Grouseland. Hinde also met prominent Shawnee Blue Jacket and reported on him for the local newspapers. One source says that Hinde played a crucial role in negotiating early Indian treaties signed with the United States government, without defining his actions.

paragraph: Section::::War of 1812.

paragraph: Hinde served in the U.S. Army in the War of 1812 under William Henry Harrison, then governor of the Indiana Territory. Both from Virginia families, the two men were close in age. Hinde was made responsible for prisoners of war starting in 1813, when he was about 27 or 28 years old.

paragraph: Hinde served under Captain Oliver Hazard Perry, who was the commander at the Battle of Lake Erie. Captain Perry's decisive victory ensured American control of the lake, improved American morale after a series of defeats, and compelled the British to fall back from Detroit. In 1813, Hinde was placed in charge of prisoners captured at this battle.

paragraph: Section::::Founding Mount Carmel.

paragraph: In the early 1800s, Hinde purchased large land holdings in what would become Wabash County, Illinois. In 1817, he, William McDowell and William Beauchamp collectively founded the city of Mount Carmel, Illinois. All three men were ministers. They chose the Biblical name "Mount Carmel", because it meant "the garden of the Lord" and was a historic city in Palestine. According to one source:

paragraph: Hinde donated the majority of the land for the city. Shortly after it was incorporated, he gave permission for city residents to use part of his land near the Wabash River as a "commons" for livestock. Hinde, Beauchamp and McDowell were granted permission by the legislature to establish a ferry on Hinde's land at the river. During this time Hinde did the primary survey work for the Grand Rapids Dam on the river. According to a local history published in 1883, he was believed to reside in a house located on the "bluff" in Mount Carmel. In letters to Congress written in the 1820s, Hinde said that he resided near the Grand Rapids Dam. He wrote a poem about Mount Carmel and had it published in Ohio.

paragraph: Originally, Mount Carmel was located in Edwards County. After a drought in 1820 killed a majority of the settlers, the county seat was moved from Palmyra, Illinois to Albion. At that time Albion was settled primarily by English immigrants. The Americans from Mount Carmel and surrounding settlements were resentful and tried to return the county seat to Mount Carmel by force. During the bickering for the county seat location, Hinde ran for county commissioner in 1821 against John Buckles, receiving only two votes against Buckles' 151. In 1822 Hinde ran for the office of Illinois House of Representatives and narrowly lost to Gilbert T. Pell. On December 24, 1824 the Illinois Legislature resolved the county seat issue by creating Wabash County from the eastern half of Edwards County.

paragraph: Based on newspaper accounts, the lots held by Hinde did not sell quickly. More than 27 years after having developed the plans for Mount Carmel, Hinde was still advertising lots for sale there in national newspapers. In one advertisement Hinde said, "The place I offer is midway between St. Louis and Louisville and the next improvement will be the completion of the railroad connecting the two places, and a dam across the Great Wabash, at the Grand Rapids, at the junction of the White, Patoka, and Wabash, giving the greatest water power in the great West."

paragraph: Another source notes that Hinde and other founders "...may have been over zealous and puritanical in the construction of their laws... no theater or play-house shall ever be built within the boundary of the city; no person shall be guilty of drunkenness, profanity, sabbath-breaking, and many other offenses of greater magnitude, etc., he shall be subject to trial by the court of Mayor and on conviction, was disqualified from holding any office in the city, or the bank; was disqualified to vote; ostracism was to continue for three years after the commission of the so-called crimes."

paragraph: Around 1825, Hinde settled in Mount Carmel, leaving the Methodist circuit to focus on religious and historical writing, and business. He founded one of the first churches in the town and occasionally held Methodist gatherings at his home. On September 20, 1827 more than 27 Methodist ministers met in the upper room of his house. It was one of the largest gatherings of the time.

paragraph: Section::::Real estate disputes.

paragraph: After his father died in 1828, Hinde inherited real estate in Kentucky. Shortly thereafter, he began investing in real estate in Ohio. Property titles were frequently complicated in this period due to turnover of military lands, as well as issues related to acquisition of former Native American lands. Several of his Ohio property disputes reached the Supreme Court of the United States, including "Hinde v. Vattier" and "Mallow v. Hinde".

paragraph: Section::::Real estate disputes.:"Johnson v. M'Intosh".

paragraph: William M'Intosh was a former Revolutionary War veteran who had become a fur trader and investor in military lands along the Wabash River. Hinde and M'Intosh lived on adjoining tracts of land near what would become the site of the Grand Rapids Dam.

paragraph: M'Intosh became associated with the Supreme Court Case of "Johnson v. M'Intosh". Chief Justice John Marshall, an acquaintance of Hinde and his father, used the case to establish the "Discovery Doctrine," which ruled that the discovering people gain title over the indigenous peoples in respect to land title. Hinde also knew Associate Justice Thomas Todd, a justice of the Kentucky Court of Appeals when Hinde served as the court's clerk. In the case, in which Johnson and M'Intosh were claiming title to the same property, the Supreme Court ruled that private citizens could not purchase land from Native Americans, and therefore the plaintiff Johnson's land purchases were invalid. M'Intosh's land purchases from the Federal government were affirmed as legal.

paragraph: Hinde purchased a portion of M'Intosh's litigated property not long after the litigation. Correspondence between Hinde and M'Intosh discussing land sales form part of the Hinde documents at the Lyman Draper Manuscripts Collection in the Wisconsin Historical Society. Due to the favorable ruling in the case, Hinde benefited greatly because of his large land holdings in the area. After the ruling had settled ownership issues between the Indians and settlers, Hinde founded the towns of Mt. Carmel, Powhaten, and Selima in the Illinois territory.

paragraph: Section::::Real estate disputes.:"Hinde v. Vattier".

paragraph: One of Hinde's own real estate disputes was based on property he owned in Cincinnati. The dispute was between the Hinde family and Charles Vattier. Vattier was a known scam artist and underworld giant in Cincinnati. One source described Vattier as owning "...a gambling empire, including grog shops, Bawdy houses and taverns." Vattier was involved in a number of other fraudulent real estate schemes with other people in Ohio. In 1807 Vattier was convicted of burglary and larceny for stealing large sums of money from James Findlay, Receiver of Public Monies for the District of Cincinnati. Hinde knew Findlay since they were both involved in exposing the Burr conspiracy and both were prominent in Ohio.

paragraph: Allegedly, Vattier had tried to take title to a piece of property in Cincinnati already owned by the Hinde family. Hinde challenged Vattier in court. Henry Clay represented Hinde in the Ohio State Court proceedings. Hinde claimed that Vattier tried to use the lot to pay Findlay by claiming to have a bill of sale and title that was superior to the Hinde family. After more than fifteen years, the case reached the United States Supreme Court in 1833. The Court ruled that Vattier took title to the property illegally and that the property belonged to Hinde and his children. Originally owned by Hinde's father-in-law, James Bradford, after his death the property passed to Hinde's wife, Belinda (Bradford) Hinde.

paragraph: Section::::Wabash Navigation Company.

paragraph: In 1825, Hinde joined the Wabash Navigation Company. Seventeen members of the company came from prominent families in Indiana and Illinois. The company had capital of more than $1 million. Hinde was one of the company's first nine directors and remained active until his death. The company charter was eventually approved by both the Illinois and Indiana legislatures. The company built a dam next to land Hinde owned.

paragraph: In a letter to Congress in 1842, Hinde stated that his goal was to connect the Wabash River with the Maumee River that flowed to Lake Erie. He cited in support the opinion of unnamed hunters and traders and George Washington's hope of connecting the waters of the east with the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. Hinde also declared, "...I have seen the whole wilderness of the West subdued and savages and wild beasts or prey receding before civilization and enterprise." He said that, on the Wabash from the Grand Rapids to Terre Haute, steamboats could navigate almost all year; therefore it was essential to connect the river to the Ohio. He also suggested that an armory should be built by the U.S. Government next to the proposed dam.

paragraph: Dr. John Lescher was a business partner and friend of Thomas S. Hinde. Both men invested in the Wabash Navigation Company. Lescher later joined Hinde's children in a lawsuit against the company. Not long after the death of Hinde, his son James and his son-in-law Charles H. Constable joined with Lescher and sued the company for entering their land and taking timber and other materials for the construction of dam. But, the company's charter permitted them to enter the land and take construction material without the owner's consent, forcing the owner to seek legal redress. The court ordered compensation.

paragraph: A letter written by Jacob Lescher in 1841 and submitted to Congress in support of the Grand Rapids Dam project and the building of a U.S. Armory, stated that he and Hinde owned more than acres of land around the proposed dam site. Additional information submitted to Congress stated that the town of Powhatan was owned by Hinde and Lescher and was a "river addition" to Mount Carmel. The location of the town of Selima was not clearly stated, but was near the dam. Hinde did the original surveying for Grand Rapids Dam.

paragraph: The wooden timber dam deteriorated and needed to be replaced in the late nineteenth century. On September 19, 1890, Congress appropriated money for the construction of a new dam, to be built by the Army Corps of Engineers. The report stated that the old dam had partially washed away and that the new dam would raise the water level by 11.5 feet. According to an annual report to the Secretary of War in 1908, the mid-19th century lock and dam were "...not of a substantial character...," and "...rapidly deteriorated and became useless." The same report said that by March 31, 1881 expenditures for the dam were $317,845.44 and the government was forced to pay the Wabash Navigation Company an additional $7,000 to extinguish their franchise and purchase their property.

paragraph: Section::::Later years and legacy.

paragraph: Hinde settled in Mount Carmel toward the end of his life. During Hinde's final years, he was an active letter writer and watched over his many business and real estate interests. Hinde was prominent in church and Illinois society and compiled many documents and interviews. During his later years, he shared much of this information with various writers and publications.

paragraph: In his later writings, Hinde espoused some questionable theories such as the Hollow Earth theory and the Madoc tradition. Hinde was published in the "Methodist Magazine", the "Short Sketches of Revivals of Religion in the Western Country" (incomplete), the "Advocate and Journal" (New York) and the "Western Christian Advocate" (Cincinnati). His writings have been described as, "...abound[ing] in vague philosophical and religious reflections-- this is especially true of his diaries-- thus making them of slight value..."

paragraph: Hinde dedicated a substantial amount of time to investigating the Madoc Tradition in North America. Madoc or "Madog ab Owain Gwynedd" was, according to folklore, a Welsh prince who sailed to America in 1170, more than 300 years before Christopher Columbus's voyage in 1492. Hinde interviewed hundreds of individuals on the topic. In 1824, Hinde wrote a letter to John S. Williams, editor of "The American Pioneer" regarding the Madoc Tradition. He claimed to have testimony from numerous sources that said Welsh people under Owen Ap Zuinch had come to America in the twelfth century, over 300 years before Christopher Columbus. Hinde claimed that in 1799, the remains of six soldiers had been dug up near Jeffersonville, Indiana with breastplates containing Welsh coats of arms. In 1799, John Sevier, the first governor of Tennessee, also wrote of the alleged discovery of six skeletons in brass armor bearing Welsh coat-of-arms. Hinde claimed that M'Intosh recounted that American Indians and Welshmen living on the Mississippi River were conversing in Welsh in the late 1700s.

paragraph: In an 1842 letter Hinde stated, "I have just returned from the East, having visited the Atlantic cities generally for the first time, after forty-five years pioneering in the wilderness of the West. I have been three time a citizen of Kentucky, twice of Ohio, and twice of Illinois." After returning from the visit, Hinde claimed that eastern ministers were unsuccessful because they underrated the people of the West. He said,

paragraph: A large collection of Hinde's diaries are held among the Lyman Draper Manuscripts in the Wisconsin Historical Society. In his diaries Hinde stated that he supported the Hollow Earth theory. Throughout his life Hinde maintained correspondence with many of the prominent men of the day. His correspondents included James Madison, George Madison, Thomas Jefferson, Henry Clay, Simon Kenton, Daniel Boone, and John Marshall.

paragraph: Section::::Later years and legacy.:Death.

paragraph: Hinde was sick a few days before dying from "winter fever." Hinde is buried in Sandhill Cemetery in Mount Carmel next to his daughter Belinda and his second wife, Sarah Doughty Cavileer Neal. The wrought iron fence surrounding their graves was paid for by his son Charles in the early 1900s.

paragraph: Since he died at a relatively early age and his wife died shortly after him, his orphaned children were forced to live with other relatives or fend for themselves. Martha married Judge Charles H. Constable; together they looked after many of her younger siblings until they married or found work. Her brother Charles Hinde became a successful businessman and riverboat captain. One of Captain Hinde's accomplishments was investing in the Hotel del Coronado in San Diego, California. Hinde's grandson, Frederick Zimmerman, built the Grand Rapids Hotel on the Hinde family farm in Mount Carmel near the Grand Rapids Dam and Hanging Rock.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Discusses Charles T. Hinde, one of the silent investors of the Hotel del Coronado and how the Hotel del Coronado influenced the Grand Rapids Hotel in Wabash County, Illinois.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- City of Mount Carmel Website

paragraph: BULLET::::- 32 U.S. 252

description: American minister and businessman

wikidata_label: Thomas S. Hinde

wikipedia_title: Thomas S. Hinde


text:
Rio de Janeiro
Brazil
association football
Fernando Giudicelli
FC Torino
Fluminense FC
Oriundi
Turin
Sampierdarenese
Genova
Estatísticas Fluminense
Bertini Demostene
Bertini Demostene

categories: Brazilian footballers,Serie A players,Torino F.C. players,Possibly living people,Expatriate footballers in Italy,1909 births,Brazilian expatriate footballers,Association football midfielders,Fluminense FC players

paragraph: Démosthenes Magalhães

paragraph: Démosthenes Magalhães, in Brazil better known as Démosthenes and in Italy as Demostene Bertini (17 November 1909 in Rio de Janeiro), was a Brazilian association football player.

paragraph: In 1931 Démosthenes succeeded Fernando Giudicelli - who went on to play for FC Torino, being one of the first Brazilian footballers pursuing a career as professional in Europe - in the mid-field of Fluminense FC in Rio de Janeiro.

paragraph: On a visit to Rio in 1932 Giudicelli convinced Démosthenes to join him on the way back to Italy to play professionally too. As those days only people with Italian background, so-called Oriundi, were permitted to do so he changed his name to the more Italian sounding "Demostene Bertini".

paragraph: Thus, in the season 1932/33 he played together with Giudicelli in Turin. The technically gifted player had an excellent start, but soon run into difficulties with regards to defending his claim to Italian origin, which caused him to be sidelined for some time. After this, he found it difficult to live up to his potential, and frequently was left out of the starting line-up. Until the end of the season 1933/34 he run up 30 matches for Torino which finished 7th and 12th in those years. After that he was transferred to Sampierdarenese of Genova where he became part of their standard line-up and played in 28 league matches, finishing the season 13th.

paragraph: In 1936 he took part in a friendly match of Fluminense, for which he thus played in total 39 times.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Estatísticas Fluminense"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bertini Demostene", www.enciclopediadelcalcio.it

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Bertini Demostene", Wikicalcio

description: Brazilian footballer and manager

wikidata_label: Démosthenes Magalhães

wikipedia_title: Démosthenes Magalhães


text:
Swedish painter
Gothenburg
Valand School of Fine Arts
Axel Erdmann
Birger Simonsson
Copenhagen
Skene Church
Skövde
Liseberg

categories: People from Gothenburg,1964 deaths,1892 births,20th-century Swedish painters

paragraph: Arvid Jorm

paragraph: Arvid Kornelius Jorm (1892 – 1964) was a Swedish painter and graphic artist.

paragraph: Jorm was born Arvid Johansson in Gothenburg in 1892, the son of a shopkeeper. He changed his name to Arvid Jorm in 1919. He studied at the Valand School of Fine Arts in Gothenburg under Axel Erdmann and Birger Simonsson, and in Copenhagen under Astrid Holm. He did study trips to France, Italy and North Africa. His work included Italian landscapes and town pictures, and Swedish landscapes, coastal and harbour pictures. He worked in oils, watercolours, woodcuts, lithographs and etching. Jorm’s art decorated a number of buildings in Sweden including the ceiling of Skene Church, Skövde court house, and Liseberg in Gothenburg. He died in Gothenburg in 1964.

description: Swedish artist

wikidata_label: Arvid Jorm

wikipedia_title: Arvid Jorm


text:
American
professional baseball
utility player
Kansas City Royals
Major League Baseball
Pittsburgh Pirates
Philadelphia Phillies
Atlanta Braves
Boston Red Sox
San Diego Padres
San Francisco Giants
Los Alamitos High School
Los Angeles Dodgers
2005 MLB Draft
Pepperdine University
Anchorage Glacier Pilots
Alaska Baseball League
Orleans Cardinals
Cape Cod Baseball League
Pittsburgh Pirates
2008 MLB Draft
State College Spikes
West Virginia Power
Lynchburg Hillcats
Altoona Curve
Pittsburgh Pirates
Boston Red Sox
Jon Lester
Pirates
Bradenton Marauders
Altoona Curve
Indianapolis Indians
Brent Morel
Toronto Blue Jays
Philadelphia Phillies
Lehigh Valley IronPigs
Atlanta Braves
designated for assignment
Boston Red Sox
San Diego Padres
San Francisco Giants
Sacramento River Cats
Texas Rangers
Triple-A
Nashville Sounds
Kansas City Royals
Travis d'Arnaud
catcher
Tampa Bay Rays
Bonnaroo
Pepperdine Waves bio

categories: Pepperdine Waves baseball players,West Virginia Power players,1987 births,Scottsdale Scorpions players,Pittsburgh Pirates players,Atlanta Braves players,Major League Baseball infielders,Indianapolis Indians players,Omaha Storm Chasers players,Philadelphia Phillies players,Orleans Firebirds players,Gwinnett Braves players,San Francisco Giants players,Sportspeople from Torrance, California,Toros del Este players,Baseball players from California,El Paso Chihuahuas players,Lynchburg Hillcats players,Boston Red Sox players,Living people,Altoona Curve players,Nashville Sounds players,State College Spikes players,Lehigh Valley IronPigs players,Bradenton Marauders players,San Diego Padres players,Sacramento River Cats players,All-Star Futures Game players

paragraph: Chase d'Arnaud

paragraph: Chase Jonathan d'Arnaud (born January 21, 1987), is an American professional baseball utility player for the Kansas City Royals organization. He previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Philadelphia Phillies, Atlanta Braves, Boston Red Sox, San Diego Padres, and San Francisco Giants.

paragraph: Section::::High school and college.

paragraph: d'Arnaud graduated from Los Alamitos High School in 2005. He was drafted by the Los Angeles Dodgers in the 44th Round of the 2005 MLB Draft, but he chose to attend Pepperdine University. He played for the Anchorage Glacier Pilots of the Alaska Baseball League in summer 2006 and he played with the Orleans Cardinals in the Cape Cod Baseball League during summer 2007. He was drafted by the Pittsburgh Pirates in the 4th Round of the 2008 MLB Draft.

paragraph: Section::::Professional baseball career.:Pittsburgh Pirates.

paragraph: d'Arnaud made his professional baseball debut in 2008, playing for the State College Spikes. In 2009, he played for the West Virginia Power and the Lynchburg Hillcats. In 2010, he played for the Altoona Curve.

paragraph: In 2011, d'Arnaud was playing for the Indianapolis Indians when he was called up to the majors by the Pittsburgh Pirates for the first time on June 24. In his major league debut, he recorded his first major league hit, a triple, off Boston Red Sox pitcher Jon Lester. d'Arnaud appeared in 48 games for the Pirates in 2011, batting .217, with six runs batted in and 12 stolen bases.

paragraph: In 2012, d'Arnaud played 98 games for Indianapolis, batting .252 with 34 stolen bases. He was recalled by the Pirates on September 10, 2012. He played eight games for the Pirates in 2012, scoring a pair of runs and getting a stolen base.

paragraph: On March 20, 2013, the Pirates placed d'Arnaud on the 60-day disabled list after surgery to repair a partially torn ligament in his left thumb. d'Arnaud started a rehab assignment with the Bradenton Marauders on May 16. On May 18, his rehab assignment was transferred to the Altoona Curve, and then to the Indianapolis Indians on May 25. He was activated from the disabled list and optioned to Indianapolis on May 31, where he played the rest of the season.

paragraph: d'Arnaud was designated for assignment on February 24, 2014 when Brent Morel was claimed on waivers from the Toronto Blue Jays. He spent the season with Indianapolis, and his contract was selected by the Pirates on September 2 after the rosters expanded. He appeared in eight games for the Pirates in 2014, and was used as a pinch runner and defensive replacement.

paragraph: On November 3, he was outrighted to Indianapolis, and elected free agency.

paragraph: Section::::Professional baseball career.:Philadelphia Phillies.

paragraph: On November 13, 2014 d'Arnaud signed a minor league deal with the Philadelphia Phillies. He spent the 2015 minor league season with the Triple-A Lehigh Valley IronPigs. His contract was selected by the Phillies from Lehigh Valley on September 14, 2015.

paragraph: Section::::Professional baseball career.:Atlanta Braves.

paragraph: On November 24, 2015, d'Arnaud signed a minor league contract with the Atlanta Braves.

paragraph: d'Arnaud was designated for assignment on April 25, 2017.

paragraph: Section::::Professional baseball career.:Boston Red Sox.

paragraph: He was claimed by the Boston Red Sox on April 27. d'Arnaud was designated for assignment on May 18, 2017.

paragraph: Section::::Professional baseball career.:San Diego Padres.

paragraph: On May 21, 2017, he was claimed by the San Diego Padres.

paragraph: Section::::Professional baseball career.:San Francisco Giants.

paragraph: He signed a minor league contract with the San Francisco Giants in January 2018. His contract was selected from the Sacramento River Cats on July 7.

paragraph: Section::::Professional baseball career.:Texas Rangers.

paragraph: On December 17, 2018, d'Arnaud signed a minor league contract with the Texas Rangers. He was assigned to the Triple-A Nashville Sounds to open the 2019 season. He was released on June 18.

paragraph: Section::::Professional baseball career.:Kansas City Royals.

paragraph: On June 21, 2019, d’Arnaud signed a minor league deal with the Kansas City Royals.

paragraph: Section::::Personal.

paragraph: He is the son of Lance and Marita d’Arnaud. His brother, Travis d'Arnaud, is a catcher for the Tampa Bay Rays.

paragraph: d'Arnaud is also known for his musical pursuits. In summer 2016 he performed at Bonnaroo Music Festival.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pepperdine Waves bio

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Chase d'Arnaud

wikipedia_title: Chase d'Arnaud


text:
Kazan State University
Dorpat University
Library for Reading
Émile Zola
Edmond de Goncourt
Alphonse Daudet
Russian Academy of Sciences
Notes of the Fatherland
The European Herald
The Northern Herald
Kitay-Gorod
intelligentsia
Kitay-gorod
Boborykin's works from Lib.ru

categories: Russian male dramatists and playwrights,1836 births,Russian publishers (people),Magazine editors,Russian journalists,Russian male short story writers,Russian male novelists,People from Nizhny Novgorod Governorate,Russian dramatists and playwrights,1921 deaths,People from Nizhny Novgorod,University of Tartu alumni

paragraph: Pyotr Boborykin

paragraph: Pyotr Dmitryevich Boborykin (; – 12 August 1921) was a Russian writer, playwright, and journalist.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Boborykin was born into the family of a landowner. He studied at Kazan State University and the Dorpat University, but he never completed his education. He made his debut as a playwright in 1860. In 1863-1864 he published an autobiographical novel, "The Pathway". He was the editor-publisher of the journal "Library for Reading" (1863–1865), and simultaneously worked for the theatre magazine "Russian Stage". He spent a long period abroad in the 1890s, where he met Émile Zola, Edmond de Goncourt and Alphonse Daudet. In 1900 he was elected an honorary member of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Boborykin worked on the journals "Notes of the Fatherland", "The European Herald", "The Northern Herald", "Russian Thought", "Artist" and other publications. He was the author of numerous novels, novellas, short stories, plays, and works on the history of Western European and Russian literature. His most famous works were the novels "Evening Sacrifice" (1868), "Dealers" (1872–1873), "Kitay-Gorod" (1882), "Vasily Tyorkin" (1892), "Thirst" (1898), the story "Wiser" (1890), and the comedy "The Scale" (1899).

paragraph: The wide use of the term "intelligentsia" in Russian culture began in the 1860s, when Boborykin first used it in the press. He explained that the term was borrowed from German culture, where it was used to describe the part of society which is engaged in intellectual activity. He added a special meaning to the term: the definition of intellectuals as representatives of "high intellectual and ethical culture," and not simply "knowledge workers". In his view, the Russian intelligentsia was a special moral and ethical phenomenon. Intellectuals in this sense were representatives of different professional groups, different political beliefs, but with a common spiritual and moral foundation. The use of the term "intelligentsia" in this sense was regarded as purely Russian by westerners.

paragraph: The novel "Kitay-Gorod" was one of Boborykin's most famous works. It was originally conceived as a study on the life and mores of the inhabitants of Kitay-gorod. This work is interesting not only from an artistic, but also from a historical point of view. In the novel, he describes with almost scientific precision the details of merchant life; culinary preferences, daily duties, and the customs of merchants and nobles against the backdrop of anticipated social and political change. His main task is the treatment of the historical role of Moscow in the last third of the nineteenth century. Boborykin was also credited with inventing the snack salad "Erundopel" (Ерундопель), first introduced in the pages of "Kitay-Gorod".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Boborykin's works from Lib.ru (Russian)

description: Russian writer

wikidata_label: Pyotr Boborykin

wikipedia_title: Pyotr Boborykin


text:
rally
San Marino
World Rally Championship
2006 Rally Australia
World Rally Championship
Rallye Sanremo
Renault Clio Williams
Production World Rally Championship
Mitsubishi Lancer Evo VI
Junior World Rally Championship
Citroën Saxo S1600
Rallye Deutschland
Fiat Punto
Suzuki Ignis
Rally Australia
Tour de Corse
Mitsubishi Lancer Evo IX
Subaru Impreza WRX STi

categories: Sammarinese rally drivers,1977 births,Living people

paragraph: Mirco Baldacci

paragraph: Mirco Baldacci (born 19 September 1977) is a rally driver from San Marino, who scored two World Rally Championship points by finishing seventh on the 2006 Rally Australia.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Baldacci made his World Rally Championship debut on Rallye Sanremo in 2000 behind the wheel of a Renault Clio Williams. In 2001 he contested five rounds of the Production World Rally Championship in a Mitsubishi Lancer Evo VI. In 2002 he contested the Junior World Rally Championship in a Citroën Saxo S1600, finishing fourth in class on Rallye Deutschland and 13th in the final standings.

paragraph: Baldacci switched to a Fiat Punto for the 2003 JWRC, winning his class in Sanremo and ending the year fifth overall. For 2004 he switched to a Suzuki Ignis, again finishing fifth overall. He also entered four other WRC events in a Group N Mitsubishi, finishing as high as tenth overall on Rally Australia. He used a Punto again in the 2005 JWRC, winning on the Tour de Corse and finishing seventh in the final standings.

paragraph: Baldacci returned to the PWRC for 2006, using a Mitsubishi Lancer Evo IX, finishing third in the final standings. He finished second in PWRC in Australia, seventh overall. Switching to a Subaru Impreza WRX STi for 2007, he ended the year sixth in PWRC. He returned to using an Evo IX in 2008, but four retirements from six rallies left him down in 11th overall.

description: Sammarinese rally driver

wikidata_label: Mirco Baldacci

wikipedia_title: Mirco Baldacci


text:
Rally New Zealand
China Rally
Mitsubishi Lancer Evo V
Production World Rally Championship
Mitsubishi Lancer Evo VIII
Mitsubishi Lancer Evo IX
Monte Carlo Rally
2010 Rally Japan
Ford Fiesta
Official website

categories: 1963 births,World Rally Championship drivers,Japanese rally drivers,Intercontinental Rally Challenge drivers,People from Kōchi, Kōchi,Living people

paragraph: Fumio Nutahara

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Nutahara made his WRC debut in 1999, contesting Rally New Zealand and the China Rally in a Mitsubishi Lancer Evo V. In 2004 he competed in the Production World Rally Championship in a Mitsubishi Lancer Evo VIII, finishing the year ninth in the standings. In 2005 he improved to fourth in the final standings.

paragraph: In 2006, driving a Mitsubishi Lancer Evo IX, Nutahara scored his first PWRC victory on Monte Carlo Rally. He then won again in Japan, also finishing eighth overall, and in Cyprus. He finished the PWRC season as runner-up. In 2007 and 2008 he finished seventh in the PWRC standings.

paragraph: After a break from the WRC, Nutahara returned to contest the 2010 Rally Japan in a Ford Fiesta, finishing 23rd.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website

description: World Rally Championship driver

wikidata_label: Fumio Nutahara

wikipedia_title: Fumio Nutahara


text: Norwegian Constitutional Assembly

text: Telemark

text: Sauherad

text: Gullik Madsen Røed

text: Norwegian Constituent Assembly

text: Eidsvoll

text: Holla

text: Telemark

categories: Norwegian Army personnel,Norwegian military personnel of the Napoleonic Wars,1830 deaths,People from Sauherad,1775 births,Fathers of the Constitution of Norway

paragraph: Enevold Steenblock Høyum

paragraph: Enevold Steenblock Høyum (15 May 1775 – 24 January 1830) was a Norwegian military officer who served as a representative at the Norwegian Constitutional Assembly.

paragraph: He was born at Sauherad in Telemark, Norway. He was the oldest of six siblings. The family moved to Haug gård in Sauherad during his youth. He entered military service and in 1794 became Second Lieutenant in Telemark Infantry Regiment ("Tellemarkske Infanterie Regiment"). He advanced through the ranks became Captain in 1809.

paragraph: Together with Commander Gullik Madsen Røed, he represented Telemark Infantry Regiment at the Norwegian Constituent Assembly at Eidsvoll in 1814. They both voted with the independence party ("Selvstendighetspartiet").

paragraph: In 1810, he married Edel Maria Thornson with whom he was the father of six children. After his retirement from military service, they lived on Søve gård at Holla in Telemark.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Representantene på Eidsvoll 1814" (Cappelen Damm AS)

paragraph: Section::::Related Reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Holme, Jørn (2014) "De kom fra alle kanter – Eidsvollsmennene og deres hus" (Oslo: Cappelen Damm)

description: Member of the Norwegian Constituent Assembly

wikidata_label: Enevold Steenblock Høyum

wikipedia_title: Enevold Steenblock Høyum


text: jazz

text: multi-instrumentalist

text: tenor saxophone

text: flute

text: Columbus

text: Ohio

text: Flytown

text: Ohio State School for the Blind

text: Hank Crawford

text: Saint-Saens

text: Hindemith

text: Tchaikovsky

text: Dvorak

text: Villa-Lobos

text: Quincy Jones

text: Roy Haynes

text: Charles Mingus

text: Soul Bossa Nova

text: Austin Powers

text: African-American history

text: Civil Rights Movement

text: Jay Leno

text: Ronnie Scott's Jazz Club

text: Indiana University

text: Bloomington, Indiana

text: soul jazz

text: hard bop

text: ragtime

text: swing

text: free jazz

text: classical

text: pop music

text: Smokey Robinson

text: Burt Bacharach

text: Duke Ellington

text: John Coltrane

text: Bright Moments

text: saxophone

text: clarinet

text: flute

text: tenor saxophone

text: stritch

text: manzello

text: saxello

text: Gary Giddins

text: circular breathing

text: flautist

text: recorders

text: Eric Dolphy

text: sing

text: nose flute

text: clarinet

text: harmonica

text: English horn

text: trumpeter

text: musique concrète

text: The Case of the 3 Sided Dream in Audio Color

text: Richard Nixon

text: Watergate scandal

text: Billie Holiday

text: Other Folks' Music

text: Paul Robeson

text: The New York Times Magazine

text: 2008 Universal fire

text: Ian Anderson

text: Jethro Tull

text: This Was

text: Jeff Coffin

text: Béla Fleck

text: Jimi Hendrix

text: Frank Zappa

text: The Mothers of Invention

text: Freak Out!

text: Derek Trucks

text: David Jackson

text: Van der Graaf Generator

text: Michael Angelo Batio

text: Ultimate Guitar Archive

text: Charlie Hunter

text: Scott Amendola

text: Will Bernard

text: Paul Weller

text: I Talk with the Spirits

text: The Times

text: Davey Payne

text: Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick

text: Terry Edwards

text: PJ Harvey

text: Triple Threat

text: Introducing Roland Kirk

text: Kirk's Work

text: We Free Kings

text: Domino

text: Reeds & Deeds

text: Kirk in Copenhagen

text: Gifts & Messages

text: I Talk with the Spirits

text: Slightly Latin

text: Rip, Rig and Panic

text: Now Please Don't You Cry, Beautiful Edith

text: Here Comes the Whistleman

text: The Inflated Tear

text: Left & Right

text: Volunteered Slavery

text: Rahsaan Rahsaan

text: Blacknuss

text: A Meeting of the Times

text: Prepare Thyself to Deal With a Miracle

text: Bright Moments

text: Other Folks' Music

text: The Return of the 5000 Lb. Man

text: Kirkatron

text: Boogie-Woogie String Along for Real

text: Dog Years in the Fourth Ring

text: Brotherman in the Fatherland

text: Triple Threat

text: Introducing Roland Kirk

text: Volunteered Slavery

text: Blacknuss

text: "Aces Back to Back"

text: Left & Right

text: Rahsaan Rahsaan

text: Prepare Thyself to Deal With a Miracle

text: Other Folks' Music

text: The Return of the 5000 Lb. Man

text: Kirkatron

text: Boogie-Woogie String Along for Real

text: Blacknuss

text: The Inflated Tear

text: Kirkatron

text: Boogie-Woogie String Along for Real

text: Other Folks' Music

text: Jaki Byard

text: The Jaki Byard Experience

text: Tubby Hayes

text: Tubby's Back in Town

text: Roy Haynes

text: Out of the Afternoon

text: Quincy Jones

text: Big Band Bossa Nova

text: Quincy Jones Explores the Music of Henry Mancini

text: I/We Had a Ball

text: Quincy Plays for Pussycats

text: In the Heat of the Night OST

text: Walking in Space

text: Les McCann

text: Live at Montreux

text: Charles Mingus

text: Tonight at Noon

text: Oh Yeah

text: Mingus at Carnegie Hall

text: The Jazz Corps Under the Direction of Tommy Peltier

text: Kruth, John

text: Rahsaan Roland Kirk

text: Rahsaan Roland Kirk

text: Rahsaan Roland Kirk

text: John Cage

text: UbuWeb

text: Rahsaan Roland Kirk and The Vibration Society

text: Rahsaan Roland Kirk quintet.

categories: Chess Records artists,20th-century American composers,King Records artists,Atlantic Records artists,American jazz composers,American jazz flautists,Cor anglais players,1977 deaths,American male saxophonists,20th-century saxophonists,Warner Bros. Records artists,Prestige Records artists,American multi-instrumentalists,Avant-garde jazz musicians,Jazz musicians from Ohio,1935 births,Blind musicians,Soul-jazz musicians,Male jazz composers,Mercury Records artists,Musicians from Columbus, Ohio,Hard bop musicians,Verve Records artists,American jazz saxophonists,African-American musicians

paragraph: Rahsaan Roland Kirk

paragraph: Rahsaan Roland Kirk (August 7, 1935 – December 5, 1977) was an American jazz multi-instrumentalist who played tenor saxophone, flute, and many other instruments. He was renowned for his onstage vitality, during which virtuoso improvisation was accompanied by comic banter, political ranting, and the ability to play several instruments simultaneously.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Kirk was born Ronald Theodore Kirk in Columbus, Ohio, where he lived in a neighborhood known as Flytown. He became blind at two years old, which he said was a result of improper medical treatment. As a teenager, Kirk studied at the Ohio State School for the Blind. By fifteen he was on the road playing rhythm and blues on weekends with Boyd Moore's band. According to saxophonist Hank Crawford, "He would be like this 14 year-old blind kid playing two horns at once. They would bring him out and he would tear the joint up." Hank heard him and said he was unbelievable when as a youth. "Now they had him doing all kinds of goofy stuff but he was playing the two horns and he was playing the shit out of them. He was an original from the beginning." Kirk felt compelled by a dream to transpose two letters in his first name to make '"Roland". In 1970, Kirk added "Rahsaan" to his name after hearing it in a dream.

paragraph: Section::::Influences.

paragraph: Kirk's multi-instrumentality was credited as having a substantial musical conception. This inclusivity included the blues, a love of stride piano and early jazz, and appreciation for pop tunes. But his vision was much wider than most of his contemporaries. According to producer Joel Dorn, he was also hugely knowledgeable about classical music. Pieces by Saint-Saens, Hindemith, Tchaikovsky, Dvorak and Villa-Lobos would all feature on his albums over the years, alongside standards, pop songs and original compositions. Rahsaan's influences went beyond jazz and consequentially, he preferred the term 'Black Classical Music.'

paragraph: Kirk's musical career spans from 1955 until his death in 1977. He preferred to lead his own bands and rarely performed as a sideman, although he did record with arranger Quincy Jones, drummer Roy Haynes and worked with bassist Charles Mingus. One of his best-known recorded performances is the lead flute and solo on Jones' "Soul Bossa Nova", a 1964 hit song repopularized in the "Austin Powers" films.

paragraph: Kirk was politically outspoken. During his concerts, between songs he often talked about topical issues, including African-American history and the Civil Rights Movement. His monologues were often laced with satire and absurdist humor. According to comedian Jay Leno, when Leno toured with Kirk as Kirk's opening act, Kirk would introduce him by saying, "I want to introduce a young brother who knows the black experience and knows all about the white devils ... Please welcome Jay Leno!"

paragraph: In 1975, Kirk suffered a major stroke which led to partial paralysis of one side of his body. He continued to perform and record, modifying his instruments to enable him to play with one arm. At a live performance at Ronnie Scott's Jazz Club in London he even managed to play two instruments, and carried on to tour internationally and to appear on television.

paragraph: He died from a second stroke in 1977, the morning after performing in the Frangipani Room of the Indiana University Student Union in Bloomington, Indiana.

paragraph: Section::::Instruments and techniques.

paragraph: His playing was generally rooted in soul jazz or hard bop, but Kirk's knowledge of jazz history allowed him to draw from many elements of the music's past, from ragtime to swing and free jazz. Kirk also absorbed classical influences, and his artistry reflected elements of pop music by composers such as Smokey Robinson and Burt Bacharach, as well as Duke Ellington, John Coltrane and other jazz musicians. The live album "Bright Moments" (1973) is an example of one of his shows.

paragraph: Kirk played and collected a number of musical instruments, mainly various saxophones, clarinets and flutes. His main saxes were a standard tenor saxophone, stritch (a straight alto sax lacking the instrument's characteristic upturned bell) and a manzello (a modified saxello soprano sax, with a larger, upturned bell). A number of his instruments were exotic or homemade. Kirk modified instruments himself to accommodate his simultaneous playing technique. Critic Gary Giddins wrote that Kirk's tenor playing alone was enough to bring him "renown".

paragraph: He typically appeared on stage with all three horns hanging around his neck, and at times he would play a number of these horns at once, harmonizing with himself, or sustain a note for lengthy durations by using circular breathing. He used the multiple horns to play true chords, essentially functioning as a one-man saxophone section. Kirk insisted that he was only trying to emulate the sounds he heard in his head. Even while playing two or three saxophones at once, the music was intricate, powerful jazz with a strong feel for the blues.

paragraph: Kirk was also an influential flautist, including recorders. According to Giddins, Kirk was the first major jazz innovator on flute after the 1964 death of Eric Dolphy. Kirk employed several techniques that he developed himself. One technique was to sing or hum into the flute at the same time as playing. Another was to play the standard transverse flute at the same time as a nose flute.

paragraph: He played a variety of other instruments, like whistles; often kept a gong within reach; the clarinet, harmonica, English horn, and was a competent trumpeter. He had unique approaches, such as using a saxophone mouthpiece on a trumpet.

paragraph: He also used many non-musical devices, such as alarm clocks, sirens, or a section of common garden hose (dubbed "the black mystery pipes"). From the early 1970s, his studio recordings used tape-manipulated "musique concrète" and primitive electronic sounds before such things became commonplace.

paragraph: "The Case of the 3 Sided Dream in Audio Color" was a unique album in jazz and popular music recorded annals. It was a two-LP set, with Side 4 apparently "blank", the label not indicating any content. However, once word of "the secret message" got around among Rahsaan's fans, one would find that about 12 minutes into Side 4 appeared the first of two telephone answering machine messages recorded by Kirk, the second following soon thereafter (but separated by more blank grooves). The surprise impact of these segments appearing on "blank" Side 4 was lost on the CD reissue of this album.

paragraph: He gleaned information on what was happening in the world via audio media like radio and the sounds coming from TV sets. His later recordings often incorporated his spoken commentaries on current events, including Richard Nixon's involvement in the Watergate scandal. The "3-Sided Dream" album was a "concept album" which incorporated "found" or environmental sounds and tape loops, tapes being played backwards, etc. Snippets of Billie Holiday singing are also heard briefly. The album even confronts the rise of influence of computers in society, as Rahsaan threatens to pull the plug on the machine trying to tell him what to do.

paragraph: In the album "Other Folks' Music" the spoken words of Paul Robeson, another outspoken black artist, can be briefly heard.

paragraph: Section::::Material loss.

paragraph: On June 25, 2019, "The New York Times Magazine" listed Rahsaan Roland Kirk among hundreds of artists whose material was reportedly destroyed in the 2008 Universal fire.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy and influence.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ian Anderson, Leader and flautist Of Jethro Tull recorded a version of Kirk's "Serenade to a Cuckoo" on their first album "This Was" (1968). Roland Kirk was the very reason Anderson thought he could bring a flute into rock music. Anderson learned Kirk’s vocalizing style on the flute and Anderson's flute playing became the signature element of Jethro Tull's sound. Kirk and Anderson took the flute's refined upper crust classical nature and commonized it. Anderson got to know Kirk at the 1969 Newport Jazz Festival where they both performed the same night. Anderson said of Kirk "There’s something about these colourful shamans. They can tease us, but we go along with it, because we know they’re touched by genius, but at the same time there’s a little bit of the snake oil for sale.”.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jeff Coffin, the saxophonist in Béla Fleck and the Flecktones was heavily influenced by Kirk's music and says he learned through Kirk that it's ok to experiment with an instrument. He used Kirk's multi-horn inventions with the Flecktones and on his solo album "Mutopia".

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guitarist Jimi Hendrix "idolized" Kirk, and even hoped to collaborate with him one day.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Frank Zappa had been influenced by Kirk's music to a considerable extent early in his career. In the liner notes to his 1966 debut album with The Mothers of Invention, "Freak Out!", Zappa cites Kirk as one of many in a lengthy list of personal musical influences. Kirk and Zappa performed live together at least once, at the 1969 Boston Globe Jazz Festival.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Derek Trucks is not only a huge Kirk fan he has recorded Kirk’s composition “Volunteered Slavery” on his group’s studio album, 2006’s "Songlines", and on the 2004 album "Live at Georgia Theatre" and the DVD "Songlines Live". He said that hearing Kirk's music "felt much the same way those Hendrix records felt, that he was blowing the rules wide open..."

paragraph: BULLET::::- David Jackson, of Van der Graaf Generator, was also highly influenced by the style and technique of Kirk, and he plays multiple saxophones simultaneously since at least 1969.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Guitarist Michael Angelo Batio said in a 2008 interview with "Ultimate Guitar Archive" that Kirk's playing of two saxophones at once inspired him to create his "double guitar".

paragraph: BULLET::::- T.J. Kirk was a band named after the three artists it tributed: Thelonious Monk, James Brown, and Rahsaan Roland Kirk. Formed by eight-string guitarist Charlie Hunter as a side group to his own self-titled band, the band's other members include Scott Amendola, Will Bernard, and John Schott.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Paul Weller cited the Kirk album "I Talk with the Spirits" (1964) as one of his "Most Influential Albums" in an interview with "The Times" in 2009.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Davey Payne's twin saxophone solo on "Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick" (Ian Dury & the Blockheads, 1978) was inspired by Kirk.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Terry Edwards' twin saxophone solo on "The Ministry of Defence" by PJ Harvey (2016) was inspired by Kirk.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As leader.

paragraph: BULLET::::- King Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1956: "Triple Threat"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Argo/Cadet/Chess Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1960: "Introducing Roland Kirk"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prestige Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1961: "Kirk's Work"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mercury Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1961: "We Free Kings"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1962: "Domino"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1963: "Reeds & Deeds"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1964: "The Roland Kirk Quartet Meets the Benny Golson Orchestra"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1964: "Kirk in Copenhagen"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1964: "Gifts & Messages"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Limelight Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1964: "I Talk with the Spirits"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1965: "Slightly Latin"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1965: "Rip, Rig and Panic"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Verve Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1967: "Now Please Don't You Cry, Beautiful Edith"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Atlantic Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1965: "Here Comes the Whistleman"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1967: "The Inflated Tear"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1968: "Left & Right"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1969: "Volunteered Slavery"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1970: "Rahsaan Rahsaan"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1971: ""

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972: "Blacknuss"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1972: "A Meeting of the Times"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1973: "Prepare Thyself to Deal With a Miracle"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1973: "Bright Moments"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1975: "The Case of the 3 Sided Dream in Audio Color"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1976: "Other Folks' Music"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Warner Bros. Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1976: "The Return of the 5000 Lb. Man"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1977: "Kirkatron"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1977: "Boogie-Woogie String Along for Real"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Posthumous releases of new material

paragraph: BULLET::::- "" (Rhino)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Man Who Cried Fire" (Night)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dog Years in the Fourth Ring" (32 Jazz)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Compliments of the Mysterious Phantom" (Hyena)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Brotherman in the Fatherland": Recorded "Live" in Germany 1972 (Hyena)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Compilations

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Hip: Roland Kirk "Various Mercury Recordings"(Fontana U.K. FJL 114)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rahsaan: The Complete Mercury Recordings Of Roland Kirk"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Does Your House Have Lions: The Rahsaan Roland Kirk Anthology"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Simmer, Reduce, Garnish & Serve: compilation from his last three albums

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Talkin' Verve: Roots of Acid Jazz"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Art of Rahsaan Roland Kirk"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Third Dimension and Beyond" combines "Triple Threat" and "Introducing Roland Kirk"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Left Hook, Right Cross" combines "Volunteered Slavery" and "Blacknuss"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Aces Back to Back" combines "Left & Right", "Rahsaan Rahsaan", "Prepare Thyself to Deal With a Miracle", and "Other Folks' Music"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A Standing Eight" combines "The Return of the 5000 Lb. Man", "Kirkatron" and "Boogie-Woogie String Along for Real"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Only The Best Of Rahsaan Roland Kirk Volume 1" combines "Blacknuss", "The Case of the 3 Sided Dream in Audio Color", "The Inflated Tear"/"", "Kirkatron", "Boogie-Woogie String Along for Real", and "Other Folks' Music" (7CD)

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:As sideman.

paragraph: With Jaki Byard

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Jaki Byard Experience" (Prestige, 1968)

paragraph: With Tubby Hayes

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tubby's Back in Town" (Smash, 1962)

paragraph: With Roy Haynes

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Out of the Afternoon" (Impulse!, 1962)

paragraph: With Quincy Jones

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Big Band Bossa Nova" (Mercury, 1962)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Quincy Jones Explores the Music of Henry Mancini" (Mercury, 1964)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "I/We Had a Ball" (Limelight, 1965)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Quincy Plays for Pussycats" (Mercury, 1959-65 [1965])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "In the Heat of the Night OST" (United Artists, 1967)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Walking in Space" (CTI, 1969)

paragraph: With Les McCann

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Live at Montreux" (Atlantic, 1972)

paragraph: With Charles Mingus

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Tonight at Noon" (Atlantic, 1961 [1964])

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Oh Yeah" (Atlantic, 1962)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Mingus at Carnegie Hall" (Atlantic, 1974)

paragraph: With Tommy Peltier

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Jazz Corps Under the Direction of Tommy Peltier" (Pacific Jazz, 1967)

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jones, Quincy (Composer). (1964). "Big Band Bossa Nova" [Phonograph]. Mercury. (Reissued on compact disc by Verve in 1998, 2005)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kruth, John: "Bright Moments. The Life and Legacy of Rahsaan Roland Kirk." Welcome Rain Publishers, New York 2000

paragraph: BULLET::::- McLeod, Eric (Producer), & Roach, Jay (Director). (1997). "Austin Powers: International man of mystery" [DVD]. New Line Home Video

paragraph: BULLET::::- Kahan, Adam (Filmmaker). (2014). "Rahsaan Roland Kirk, The Case of the Three Sided Dream" [DVD]. Documentary

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rahsaan Roland Kirk discography at Jazz Discography Project

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rahsaan Roland Kirk "Rahsaan Roland Kirk: The Cases of the Three Sided Dream", a documentary by Adam Kahan

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rahsaan Roland Kirk "Sound??", film of Kirk with John Cage at UbuWeb

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rahsaan Roland Kirk and The Vibration Society performing live (October 1972), video, thirteen.org

paragraph: BULLET::::- Rahsaan Roland Kirk quintet. Three for Festival and Volunteered Slavery, live performance (1975), video, jazzonthetube.com

description: American musician

wikidata_label: Rahsaan Roland Kirk

wikipedia_title: Rahsaan Roland Kirk


text: Aldobrandino of Este

text: Ferrara

text: Santiago de Compostela

text: Broni

text: Province of Pavia

text: Lombardy

text: Italy

text: Minor basilica

text: Broni

text: Saint Blaise

text: Modena

text: Pope Paul V

text: Claudio Rangoni

text: bishop of Piacenza

text: indulgences

text: Pope Urban VIII

text: Broni

text: House of Este

text: Order of the Eagle of Este

text: Modena

text: Saint Homobonus

text: Geminianus

text: House of Este

text: Painting

text: Another

text: Youtube

categories: 1216 births,Italian Roman Catholic saints,Medieval Italian saints,1249 deaths

paragraph: Saint Contardo of Este

paragraph: Saint Contardo of Este was the posthumous son of Aldobrandino of Este, marquis of Ferrara. He was born in 1216 in Ferrara.

paragraph: He renounced to his wealth and position of crown prince of Ferrara to become a simple "God's man" and started on a pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela.

paragraph: He fell ill in Broni (Province of Pavia, Lombardy, Italy) and died there. His body was first buried on the hill where he died. Miracles were reported on his grave : severely sick people were cured.

paragraph: The body was later transferred to the Saint Peter parish church (which later became a Minor basilica) in Broni. Two relics are in "Saint Biagio church (Saint Blaise) in Modena.

paragraph: His cult was approved in 1609 by Pope Paul V (papacy 1605-1621) on the request of Claudio Rangoni (), bishop of Piacenza (1596-1619), native of Modena, and indulgences were linked to it by Pope Urban VIII (papacy 1623-1644)

paragraph: Section::::Patron.

paragraph: He is patron to :

paragraph: BULLET::::- the city of Broni

paragraph: BULLET::::- the House of Este

paragraph: BULLET::::- the Order of the Eagle of Este. Saint Contardo is featured on the decoration of the Order.

paragraph: He is co-patron of :

paragraph: BULLET::::- the city of Modena with Saint Homobonus since 1698 (Main patron is Saint Geminianus)

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- House of Este

paragraph: BULLET::::- Chronological list of saints and blesseds in the 13th century

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Painting representing Saint Contardo.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Another painting, showing scepter and crown at his feet

paragraph: BULLET::::- Youtube video showing the interior of Broni's "Saints Peter & Contardo d'Este" Basilica.

description: Italian saint

wikidata_label: Saint Contardo of Este

wikipedia_title: Saint Contardo of Este


text:
Lithuanian
singer
pre-revolutionary Russia
October Revolution
pneumonia

categories: Lithuanian pop singers,Musicians from Vilnius,1931 deaths,Lithuanian Jews,Lithuanian male singers,1891 births,20th-century male singers,Musicians from Kaunas,20th-century singers

paragraph: Danielius Dolskis

paragraph: Danielius Dolskis (April 13, 1891 – December 3, 1931) was a popular Lithuanian singer noted in pre-revolutionary Russia and in inter-war Lithuania.

paragraph: Dolskis sang in Saint Petersburg until 1917. He also performed in Moscow, Odessa, and Kiev. After the October Revolution, he moved to Riga, Latvia. In 1929, Dolskis moved to Kaunas, Lithuania, where he performed in restaurants.

paragraph: In 1931, after a performance, Dolskis drank some cold beer and came down with pneumonia. He died several days later.

description: Lithuanian singer

wikidata_label: Danielius Dolskis

wikipedia_title: Danielius Dolskis


text:
professional baseball
third baseman
Major League Baseball
Washington Senators
St. Louis Browns
Cleveland Indians

categories: St. Louis Browns players,Cleveland Indians players,Major League Baseball third basemen,People from Marion County, South Carolina,1895 births,1988 deaths,Washington Senators (1901–60) players

paragraph: Frank Ellerbe

paragraph: Francis Rogers "Governor" Ellerbe (December 25, 1895 – July 8, 1988) was a professional baseball third baseman who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Washington Senators, St. Louis Browns and the Cleveland Indians between 1919 and 1924.

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Frank Ellerbe

wikipedia_title: Frank Ellerbe


text: Greek

text: Roman

text: procurator

text: Iudaea Province

text: Ventidius Cumanus

text: Marcus Antonius Pallas

text: Claudius

text: Greek

text: freedman

text: Josephus

text: Antonia Minor

text: Mark Antony

text: Octavia Minor

text: Augustus

text: Tacitus

text: Arcadia

text: Book of Acts

text: Paul the Apostle

text: Jerusalem

text: chiliarch

text: Claudius Lysias

text: Caesarea

text: Nero

text: Porcius Festus

text: tuberculosis

text: Drusilla of Mauretania the Younger

text: Ptolemy of Mauretania

text: Julia Urania

text: Herod Agrippa]])|Drusilla of Judea

text: Pompeii

text: Herculaneum

text: Mount Vesuvius

text: Pliny the Elder

text: Egypt

text: quaestor

text: Roman Procurator coinage

text: Tacitus

text: Annals

text: Histories

text: Suetonius

text: Emil Schürer

text: W. M. Ramsay

text: Livius.org: Marcus Antonius Felix

categories: People in Acts of the Apostles,Roman governors of Judea,1st-century Roman governors of Judea,1st-century Romans,Emperor's slaves and freedmen,1st-century Greek people

paragraph: Antonius Felix

paragraph: Marcus Antonius Felix (Felix, in Greek: ὁ Φῆλιξ, born between 5/10-?) was the Roman procurator of Iudaea Province 52–60, in succession to Ventidius Cumanus.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Felix was the younger brother of the Greek freedman Marcus Antonius Pallas. Pallas served as a secretary of the treasury during the reign of the Emperor Claudius. Felix was a Greek freedman either of Claudius, according to which theory Josephus ("Antiq." xx. 7) calls him Claudius Felix, or of Claudius's mother Antonia Minor, a daughter of Triumvir Mark Antony to Octavia Minor and niece of Emperor Augustus. According to Tacitus, Pallas and Felix descended from the Greek Kings of Arcadia.

paragraph: Felix became the procurator by the petition of his brother.

paragraph: Felix's cruelty and licentiousness, coupled with his accessibility to bribes (see Book of Acts ), led to a great increase of crime in Judaea. The period of his rule was marked by internal feuds and disturbances, which he put down with severity.

paragraph: After Paul the Apostle was arrested in Jerusalem and rescued from a plot against his life, the local Roman chiliarch Claudius Lysias transferred him to Caesarea, where he stood trial before Felix. On at least one further occasion Felix and his wife Drusilla heard Paul discourse, and later on frequently sent for Paul and talked with him (). When Felix was succeeded as procurator, having already detained Paul for two years, he left him imprisoned as a favor to the Jews ().

paragraph: On returning to Rome, Felix was accused of using a dispute between the Jews and Syrians of Caesarea as a pretext to slay and plunder the inhabitants, but through the intercession of his brother, the freedman Pallas, who had great influence with the Emperor Nero, he escaped unpunished. Porcius Festus succeeded him as procurator of Judea. Many historians believe that Felix may have had tuberculosis (like many other Romans), and that this was the cause of his death.

paragraph: Section::::Marriages and issues.

paragraph: Felix married three times. His first wife was Drusilla of Mauretania the Younger daughter of Ptolemy of Mauretania and Julia Urania. Felix' second wife was Herod Agrippa]])|Drusilla of Judea, daughter of Herod Agrippa I and Cypros. Drusilla of Judea divorced Gaius Julius Azizus, King of Emesa to marry him. Felix and the Judean Drusilla, had a son, Marcus Antonius Agrippa, who died along with this Drusilla and many of the inhabitants of Pompeii and Herculaneum in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius on 24 August 79, and a daughter, Antonia Clementiana. The Judean Drusilla was one of only two major figures reported as dying in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, the other being Pliny the Elder. Antonia Agrippina may have been a daughter from their son's marriage (this name was graffiti in a Royal Tomb in Egypt). Clementiana became a grandmother to a Lucius Anneius Domitius Proculus. Two possible descendants from this marriage are Marcus Antonius Fronto Salvianus (a quaestor) and his son Marcus Antonius Felix Magnus, a high priest in 225. After the eruption, Felix married for a third time, but little is known about his third wife.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Prefects, Procurators, and Legates of Roman Judaea

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of biblical figures identified in extra-biblical sources

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roman Procurator coinage

paragraph: Section::::Further reading.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Tacitus, "Annals", xii. 54, "Histories" v. 9

paragraph: BULLET::::- Suetonius, "Claudius", 28

paragraph: BULLET::::- Emil Schürer, "History of the Jewish People" (1890–1891)

paragraph: BULLET::::- commentaries on the Acts of the Apostles

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir W. M. Ramsay, "St Paul the Traveller"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Carl von Weizsacker, "Apostolic Age" (Eng. trans., 1894)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Jewish Encyclopedia: FELIX (ANTONIUS FELIX)

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://web.archive.org/web/20040530071028/http://www.tyndale.cam.ac.uk/Egypt/ptolemies/ptolemies_selene_ii.htm

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Livius.org: Marcus Antonius Felix

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roman coinage of Felix can be seen under Roman Procurators at

description: politician

wikidata_label: Antonius Felix

wikipedia_title: Antonius Felix


text: Los Angeles County

text: "Gabrieleño"

text: Tongva

text: Franciscan

text: Spanish missions in California

text: Cardross

text: Dunbartonshire

text: Hermosillo

text: Alta California

text: Mission San Gabriel

text: Rancho Santa Anita

text: Alta California

text: Pio Pico

text: Lucky Baldwin

text: the town of Arcadia

text: Our Lady Queen of Angels Church

text: Cathedral High School

text: Calvary Cemetery

text: East Los Angeles

text: Mission San Gabriel Arcángel

categories: Naturalized citizens of Mexican California,Californios,Scottish emigrants to Mexico,19th-century American writers,1852 deaths,Arcadia, California,Scottish expatriates in the United States,19th-century American male writers,History of Los Angeles County, California,Burials at Calvary Cemetery (Los Angeles),Historians of Native Americans,Native American history of California,Writers from California,19th-century Mexican people,People from the San Gabriel Valley,Converts to Roman Catholicism from Calvinism,People from Cardross, Argyll and Bute,1811 births

paragraph: Hugo Reid

paragraph: Hugo Reid (April 18, 1811 – December 12, 1852), born in Scotland, was an early resident of Los Angeles County who became a naturalized citizen of California (then a part of Mexico) and who married a local "Gabrieleño" woman. Reid wrote a series of newspaper articles, or "letters," that described the culture, language, and contemporary circumstances of the local Tongva ("Gabrieleño") people, criticizing their treatment by Franciscan missionaries who administered the Spanish missions in California.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Born to Charles Reid and Essex Milliken, at Cardross, Dunbartonshire, Scotland, on 18 April 1811, Reid established a trading house in Hermosillo, Mexico in the late-1820s with a business partner, William Keith, and first visited Los Angeles, then a part of Mexican Alta California, in 1832. He married a "Gabrieleño" woman (a Mission San Gabriel convert renamed Victoria Bartolomea Comicrabit) and adopted her children, María and Felipe.

paragraph: Reid and his wife were granted the Rancho Santa Anita following secularization of the Mission San Gabriel ranch lands, and built an adobe house there in 1840. The grant was confirmed by Alta California Governor Pio Pico in 1845. A restored adobe, known as the "Hugo Reid Adobe", was in fact built on a different nearby site by a later owner. Both Reid's original site and the current adobe are located at the Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden, part of the former estate of Lucky Baldwin, in what is now the town of Arcadia. Reid was nicknamed the "Scotch Paisano" during his days as a Scottish settler in Mexican Southern California.

paragraph: Reid wrote a series of 22 letters which were published in the "Los Angeles Star" in 1852, and which provide an important ethnographic picture of the little–known "Gabrieleño" people. They were republished in book form several times. The first publication in book form was by Arthur M. Ellis in 1926, in an edition of only 200 copies, so in 1939 they were again reprinted by Susanna Bryant Dakin.

paragraph: Reid died in Los Angeles on December 12, 1852. His funeral was held at the old Our Lady Queen of Angels Church, located on Main Street in Los Angeles, and he was buried in the adjacent cemetery. His body was later moved to the "Campo Santo" (cemetery) on North Broadway (now the site of Cathedral High School). His remains were then disinterred and moved to the new Calvary Cemetery in East Los Angeles.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dakin, Susanna Bryant. 1939. "A Scotch Paisano: Hugo Reid's Life in California, 1832-1852, Derived from His Correspondence". University of California Press, Berkeley.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ellis, Arthur M. 1926. "Hugo Reid's Account of the Indians of Los Angeles County". Privately Printed, Los Angeles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Reid, Hugo. 1968. "The Indians of Los Angeles County: Hugo Reid's Letters of 1852". Edited and annotated by Robert F. Heizer. Southwest Museum Papers No. 21. Los Angeles.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mission San Gabriel Arcángel

paragraph: BULLET::::- Los Angeles County Arboretum and Botanic Garden

description: trader in Mexico from Scotland

wikidata_label: Hugo Reid

wikipedia_title: Hugo Reid