text:
Neuwied
rapper
Neumünster
Kiel
Bremen
Hauptschule
auto mechanic
Gute Zeiten, schlechte Zeiten
MTV
VIVA
indie label
Hamburg
Tobi Tobsen
Afrob
greatest hits
house
electro
Austria
Switzerland
Deichkind
Vanessa S.
Mellow Trax
Official website
Ferris at laut.de

categories: Musicians from Hamburg,Participants in the Bundesvision Song Contest,Hamburg hip hop,German male actors,German DJs,Living people,1973 births,German rappers

paragraph: Ferris MC

paragraph: Sascha Reimann (born 2 October 1973 in Neuwied), alias Ferris MC, is a German musician, rapper and actor.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Ferris spent his youth in Neumünster, Kiel, and then Bremen. A recurring theme of social exclusion is predominant in his music.

paragraph: He graduated from Hauptschule and served his apprenticeship as an auto mechanic. At the same time, he was a radio DJ and actor (i.e. Gute Zeiten, schlechte Zeiten).

paragraph: Together with Flowin Immo and DJ Pee, Ferris founded the Freaks Association Bremen (FAB), which, in the quickly-growing German hip hop scene, achieved success rather quickly. They performed at several events, festivals, and on MTV and VIVA.

paragraph: In 1994, FAB released their first album "Freaks", on the small indie label MZEE. Three years later, they disbanded over a private, professional dispute.

paragraph: Ferris moved to Hamburg and in with Tobi Tobsen and finds DJ Stylewarz, who turned out to be a patient live DJ that was more fitting to Ferris' musical style. He released several records on Yo Mama.

paragraph: In 1999, he released the single "Reimemonster" with fellow rapper Afrob, which was a success, and followed it with his first solo album "Asimetrie". Later the same year he parted ways with Stylewarz, and wound up deeper in the Hamburg drug scene.

paragraph: His second LP "Fertich" was released in 2001, but the single "Flash for Ferris MC" and the corresponding music video don't fulfill the high commercial expectations. In 2003, Ferris released a musical autobiography, adequately called "Audiobiographie" and his last regular album "Ferris MC".

paragraph: On 17 March 2006, his last single was released on the greatest hits album "Düstere Legende"'. It concluded Ferris' career as a hip hop artist.

paragraph: As Maniax, a house and electro project with Marc Deal, he plays in clubs in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland.

paragraph: From 2008 to 2018, he was a member of the band Deichkind.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Albums.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995 – "Freaks" (as FAB; MZEE)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999 – "Asimetrie" (Yo Mama)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001 – "Fertich!" (Yo Mama)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003 – "Audiobiographie" (Yo Mama)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004 – "Ferris MC" (Yo Mama)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 – "Düstere Legenden"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2015 – "Glück ohne Scherben"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2017 – "Asilant"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2019 – "Wahrscheinlich nie wieder vielleicht"

paragraph: Section::::Discography.:Singles.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1995 – "Freaks" (as FAB; 12", MZEE)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997 – "Es tut mir leid" (as FAB; 12")

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1997 – "ERiCH Privat" (FAB; EP)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1999 – "Im Zeichen des Freaks"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000 – "Tanz mit mir"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001 – "Flash for Ferris MC"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002 – "Viel zu spät"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003 – "Zur Erinnerung"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2003 – "Fiesta" (feat. Vanessa S.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004 – "Feierarlarm"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004 – "Was wäre wenn?"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004 – "Spieglein, Spieglein"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004 – "Rappen und Feiern" (with JaOne & Twizzy)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005 – "Wixtape Vol.1 » Der übliche Verdächtige"

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005 – "Die Nacht der Freaks" (feat. Mellow Trax)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005 – "Achtung! Achtung!" (as Maniax; 12")

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2006 – "Düstere Legende (Achtung! Achtung!)" (also as DVD)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ferris at laut.de

alias:
Sascha Reimann
Ferris Hilton

description: German musician and actor

wikidata_label: Ferris MC

wikipedia_title: Ferris MC


text: transcribed

text: Polish Jew

text: Karelichy

text: Minsk

text: Auschwitz

text: Łódź

text: Poland

text: Lithuania

text: German invasion of Poland

text: Warsaw

text: Ghetto

text: Treblinka extermination camp

text: Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

text: Honduran

text: Hotel Polski

text: Vittel

text: France

text: Israel

text: Auschwitz concentration camp

text: Ghetto Fighters' House

text: Holocaust

text: Jewish Resistance

text: Israel

text: Israel

text: Ghetto Fighters' House

text: Hebrew

text: France

text: Bibliothèque Medem

text: Itzhak Katzenelson genealogy

text: I had a dream

text: Pdf

text: Pdf

text: Katzenelson.de

categories: Polish people who died in Auschwitz concentration camp,Jewish poets,1886 births,People from Karelichy,Polish civilians killed in World War II,Yiddish-language poets,1944 deaths,Modern Hebrew writers,Jewish Combat Organization members,Polish poets,Warsaw Ghetto inmates,Yiddish-language writers

paragraph: Itzhak Katzenelson

paragraph: Itzhak Katzenelson (, ; also transcribed "Icchak-Lejb Kacenelson", "Jizchak Katzenelson"; "Yitzhok Katznelson") (1 July 1886 – 1 May 1944) was a Polish Jew, a teacher, poet and dramatist. He was born in 1886 in Karelichy near Minsk, and was murdered May 1, 1944 in Auschwitz.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Soon after his birth Katzenelson's family moved to Łódź, Poland, where he grew up. He worked as a teacher, founding a school, and as a dramatist in both Yiddish and Hebrew, starting a theatre group which toured Poland and Lithuania. Following the German invasion of Poland in 1939 he and his family fled to Warsaw, where they got trapped in the Ghetto. There he ran an underground school for Jewish children. His wife and two of his sons were deported to the Treblinka extermination camp and murdered there.

paragraph: Katzenelson participated in the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising starting on April 19, 1943. To save his life, friends supplied him and his surviving son with forged Honduran passports. They managed to leave the ghetto but later surrendered to the Germans at the Hotel Polski. He was deported to a detention camp in Vittel, France, where the Nazis held American and British citizens and nationals of other Allied and neutral countries, for possible later prisoner exchange.

paragraph: In Vittel, Katzenelson wrote "Dos lid funem oysgehargetn yidishn folk" ("Song of the Murdered Jewish People"). He put the manuscript in bottles and buried them under a tree, from where it was recovered after the war. A copy was sewn into the handle of a suitcase and later taken to Israel.

paragraph: In late April 1944, Itzhak Katzenelson and his son Zvi were sent on a transport to the Auschwitz concentration camp, where they were murdered on May 1, 1944.

paragraph: The Ghetto Fighters' House Holocaust and Jewish Resistance Heritage Museum in Israel, is named in his memory. "The Song of the Murdered Jewish People" has been translated into numerous languages and published as an individual volume.

paragraph: Section::::Published works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Vittel Diary (22.v.43 – 16.9.43)", Israel: Ghetto Fighters' House, 1964. Translated from the Hebrew by Dr. Myer Cohen; includes biographical notes and appendix of terms and place names.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Le Chant du peuple juif assassiné", France: Bibliothèque Medem, 2005. Yiddish-French edition, French translation by Batia Baum, introduction by Rachel Ertel.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nine poems by Yitzkhok Katznelson in Yiddish and English at Poetry in Hell

paragraph: BULLET::::- Itzhak Katzenelson genealogy Geni Family Tree

paragraph: BULLET::::- excerpt from "The Song of the Murdered Jewish People"

paragraph: BULLET::::- I had a dream poem

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dos lid funem oysgehargetn Yidishn folk" Pdf

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Yitshak Katsenelson zayn lebn un shafn" Biography by his sister Pdf

paragraph: BULLET::::- Katzenelson.de. Website of translator Helmut Homfeld

paragraph: BULLET::::- Schmidt, Andreas (1997). "Verstumme nicht!: Die Anstiftung zum Dialog in Jizchak Katzenelsons 'Großem Gesang vom ausgerotteten jüdischen Volk. www.buber.de

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Yitskhok Katzenelson at Maison de la culture yiddish-Bibliothèque Medem"

paragraph: BULLET::::- Free version in Yiddish (with Hebrew letters) of "Dos lid funem oysgehargetn yidishn folk"

description: Jewish teacher, poet and dramatist

wikidata_label: Itzhak Katzenelson

wikipedia_title: Itzhak Katzenelson


text:
pharaoh
Ancient Egypt
3rd dynasty
Old Kingdom
Ramesside era
Zawyet el'Aryan
mastaba
magnesite
travertine
diorite
Zawyet el'Aryan
Abusir
serekh
Hierakonpolis
Elephantine
Elephantine
Petrie Museum
London
Horus
Golden Horus
Sneferu
Djer
Den
Nynetjer
Khasekhemwy
Djoser
Peter Kaplony
Jürgen von Beckerath
Nineteenth
Twentieth Dynasties
Abydos king list
Nebka
Djoser
Teti
Turin Canon
Hudjefa
Huni
kinglist of Saqqara
Manetho
Iorwerth Eiddon Stephen Edwards
Huni
Rainer Stadelmann
Nicolas Grimal
Wolfgang Helck
Toby Wilkinson
Layer Pyramid
Turin Canon
Elephantine
Hellenized
historian
Manetho
Sanakht
Sedjes
Bastet
Ash
Layer Pyramid
Zawyet el'Aryan
Giza
mastaba
Monufia Governorate
Nile Delta

paragraph: Khaba

paragraph: Khaba (also read as Hor-Khaba) was a pharaoh of Ancient Egypt, active during the 3rd dynasty of the Old Kingdom period. The exact time during which Khaba ruled is unknown but may have been around 2670 BC.

paragraph: King Khaba is considered to be difficult to assess as a figure of ancient Egypt. His name is archaeologically well-attested by stone bowls and mud seal impressions. Khaba's reign is securely dated to the Third Dynasty. Because of the contradictions within Ramesside king lists and the lack of contemporary, festive inscriptions, his exact chronological position within the dynasty remains disputed. These problems originate in part from contradictory king lists, which were all compiled long after Khaba's death, especially during the Ramesside era. It is also a matter of debate as to where Khaba might have been buried. Many Egyptologists and archaeologists propose that an unfinished Layer Pyramid pyramid at Zawyet el'Aryan belongs to him. Others believe instead that his tomb is a large mastaba close to the Layer Pyramid, where numerous stone vessels bearing Khaba's serekh have been found.

paragraph: Section::::Attestations.

paragraph: Khaba's name appears on nine polished stone bowls, variously made of magnesite, travertine, and diorite, which were found at the archaeological locales of Zawyet el'Aryan, Abusir, and Naga-ed-Deir. The bowls were found mostly intact; they show only the king's serekh name on their polished surfaces. As was conventional at the time they were made, they contain no additional inscriptions for context.

paragraph: His name also appears on several mud seal impressions found at Quesna (in the Delta), Zawyet el'Aryan, Hierakonpolis, and Elephantine. Most of the mud seals were excavated at modern-day Elephantine; it is possible that more of them lie under the garden of the current museum of Elephantine. These seal impressions bear more inscriptions than the stone bowls, however most of the seals are only preserved as small fragments and their surfaces have been roughened over the years.

paragraph: Only one seal bears a well-preserved complete row of names or titles; the seal, numbered "UC-11755", is undated and is now on display in the Petrie Museum, London. The inscription alternates between Horus and Golden Horus names.

paragraph: Section::::Identity.

paragraph: Section::::Identity.:Royal name.

paragraph: Khaba is known by his serekh and Golden Horus name only. His "Nisut-Bity" title and his "Nebty name" are unknown. Additionally, Khaba is one of the very few kings from Early Dynastic and Old Kingdom times with an archaeologically proven Gold name, a likely predecessor to the Golden Horus name, which Khaba may also have introduced. Aside from Khaba, the only kings with Gold names who lived before king Sneferu, founder of the 4th dynasty, were Djer, Den, Nynetjer, Khasekhemwy, and Djoser. From Snefru onward, the Golden Horus name became a fixed royal title to any ruling king, no matter how long the king ruled. Khaba's Golden Horus name can be found on several seal impressions, although its correct reading and translation are disputed. Peter Kaplony interprets it as "Nub-iret" or "Nub iret-djedef", though he is unsure whether the syllable "djedef" was an inherent part of the name or an additional honorary title. Thomas Schneider and Jürgen von Beckerath, in contrast, see Khaba's Golden Horus as "Netjer-nub", which means "golden falcon". Khaba's Gold name is the first to show the infinitive form of the royal Gold name.

paragraph: Section::::Identity.:Identification with Ramesside kinglists.

paragraph: Scholars face several problems in attempting to connect Khaba to royal names known from the Ramesside era (the Nineteenth and Twentieth Dynasties). Unfortunately, these lists offer no clear consensus about the number or names of the kings of the 3rd dynasty. The Abydos king list gives "Nebka", "Djoser", "Teti", "Sedjes", and "Neferkarê", while the Turin Canon offers "Nebka", "Djoser", "Djoserteti", "Hudjefa", and "Huni". The kinglist of Saqqara lists "Djoser", "Djoserteti", "Nebkarê", and "Huni". The ancient historian Manetho gives nine names: "Necheróphes", "Tosorthrós", "Týreis", "Mesôchris", "Sôÿphis", "Tósertasis", "Achês", "Sêphuris", and "Kerpherês". Egyptologist Iorwerth Eiddon Stephen Edwards, for example, identifies Khaba with the Ramesside cartouche name "Teti".

paragraph: In contrast, Egyptologists Wolfgang Helck and Aidan Dodson suggest that Khaba could have been identical to the Ramesside names "Sedjes" and "Hudjefa II". Both "names" are actually pseudonyms for a royal title that was illegible when the Ramesside scribes compiled the kinglists. This would match a king who ruled only a short time. The Turin Canon gives a short reign of 6 years for Hudjefa II.

paragraph: A minority of modern Egyptologists think that Khaba might be identical to a Ramesside cartouche name known as Huni. This name can be credited to a king who is handed down by the Ramesside scribes as the last ruler of the 3rd dynasty. Rainer Stadelmann, Nicolas Grimal, Wolfgang Helck, and Toby Wilkinson point to a step pyramid at Zawyet el'Aryan, called the Layer Pyramid. This monument is assigned to Khaba (see section below) and since Stadelmann and Wilkinson hold that the pyramid was finished, they believe that a long-reigning king, such as king Huni, would have been necessary to oversee the project. Huni is attested in the Turin Canon to have reigned for 24 years. In addition, Stadelmann points to the seal impressions found at Elephantine: they come from a site very close to a stepped pyramid which is said to have been built by Huni.

paragraph: Section::::Identity.:Identification with Manetho's king list.

paragraph: It is also unknown under which Hellenized name the ancient historian Manetho listed Khaba. He might have been the same person as the listed "Mesôchris" or "Sôÿphis", but this in turn is doubted by Wolfgang Helck and Eberhard Otto. They connect both names with king Sanakht.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.:Chronology.

paragraph: Because of the contradictions within Ramesside king lists and the lack of contemporary, festive inscriptions, the exact chronological position of Khaba remains disputed. Egyptologist Nabil Swelim believes that Khaba could have been the direct successor to King Khasekhemwy, the last ruler of the 2nd dynasty. He bases his assumptions on similarities between the two's names: both begin with the syllable "kha". As a comparison, he points to the names "Netjerikhet" (Djoser) and "Sekhemkhet" (Djoserteti), which also display such similarity and are widely assumed to have ruled back-to-back.

paragraph: However, Swelim's theory is not widely accepted. Grimal, Helck, Wilkinson and Stadelmann point out that during the 3rd dynasty it became a fashion that royal stone bowls with polished surfaces showed only Horus names, without any guiding inscriptions. This is also the case for the stone bowls of king Khaba. This decor style was practiced still under Sneferu, the founder of the 4th dynasty. Thus, Khaba is thought to have reigned close to the end of the Third Dynasty.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.:Duration.

paragraph: The correct duration of Khaba's reign is also unknown. Should he be identical to the Ramesside cartouche names "Sedjes" (meaning "omitted") and "Hudjefa" (meaning "erased"), he might have ruled for six years, as the Turin Canon suggests. If Khaba was identical to king Huni, he might have ruled for 24 years.

paragraph: Section::::Reign.:Events.

paragraph: The current archaeological situation allows no closer evaluation of Khaba's reign. The seal impressions from Elephantine only prove that this island seems to have been an important place to visit in Khaba's time. The inscriptions reveal that the seals and their belonging vessels originated from Thinis and that they were registered by the governor of Elephantine. Other seals show the depiction of the goddess Bastet. The Hierakonpolis seal was found in early dynastic ruins of a local Horus temple. It shows traces of the image of a god, possibly Ash.

paragraph: Section::::Tomb.

paragraph: Khaba is commonly thought to have built the Layer Pyramid, located at Zawyet el'Aryan, about 8 km south-west of Giza. The pyramid's construction is typical of Third Dynasty masonry with mudbricks arranged in layers around a core made of rough blocks from the local bedrock. The pyramid was planned to be about tall, but is now only . It is unclear whether part of the pyramid has been eroded over time or its construction was never finished. While there are no inscriptions directly relating the pyramid to Khaba, his serekh appears on stone bowls that were discovered in a nearby mastaba, known as Mastaba Z500.

paragraph: Alternatively, Khaba could have been interred in the aforementioned mastaba, which is located about north of the pyramid. Indeed, excavations of the mastaba yielded several stone bowls inscribed with Khaba's Horus name as well as two seal fragments of him. Although this is generally taken as a proof that Khaba was the pyramid owner, it could equally imply that the mastaba was Khaba's tomb and the pyramid that of another, yet unknown king.

paragraph: Section::::Other buildings from Khaba's reign.:Mastaba Z500.

paragraph: Only two large mastaba tombs can be securely dated into Khaba's reign. The first one is known as Mastaba Z500, which is located at Zawyet el'Aryan. It lies around 200m north of the Layer Pyramid and has a south-north-orientation. The mastaba ist made of mudbricks, its outer wall is niched and it contains only two large chambers without any typical tomb architecture elements. Because of this, Egyptologists such as Nabil Swelim believe that Mastaba Z500 was in fact a mortuary temple, belonging to the funerary complex of the Layer Pyramid. The datation of the building into Khaba's reign is based on numerous diorite and dolomite vessels and mud seal fragments, bearing the serekh name of king Khaba.

paragraph: Section::::Other buildings from Khaba's reign.:Quesna Tomb.

paragraph: In 2010, an unknown mudbrick mastaba was discovered in Quesna, an archaeological site located in the Monufia Governorate (in the Nile Delta). The mastaba was once 14m in length and 6m in width. Its substructure contains a 3m wide corridor chapel, divided into three architectural sections: the first (northern) section is filled with rubble, the second (central) section contains a double room as the burial chamber and the third (southern) section has a burial shaft in its center. In 2014, a tiny mud seal fragment with the king's name was discovered inside. The true owner of the tomb, however, is unknown and archaeological excavations are still on-going.

description: pharaoh of Ancient Egypt

wikidata_label: Khaba

wikipedia_title: Khaba


text: Tayasu

text: Tokugawa

text: gosankyō

text: Tokugawa Yoshimune

text: Tanuma Okitsugu

text: rōjū

text: Mutsu Province

text: koku

text: Tokugawa Ienari

text: Kansei Reforms

text: Title Incident

text: Adam Laxman

text: daimyō

text: gesaku

text: Matsudaira Nobuaki

text: Hayashi Jussai

text: Bōsō Peninsula

text: Matsudaira Katahiro

text: Aizu

text: Sugawara no Michizane

text: Itakura Katsukiyo

text: Harvard University Press

text: University of Chicago Press

text: Harvard University Press

text: University of California Press

text: Japanese Diet Library page on Sadanobu

text: Further information on Sadanobu

categories: Daimyo,Tokugawa clan,1829 deaths,1759 births,Japanese philosophers,Hisamatsu-Matsudaira clan,Rōjū

paragraph: Matsudaira Sadanobu

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Sadanobu was born in Edo Castle on January 15, 1759, into the Tayasu branch of the Tokugawa house. The Tayasu was one of the "gosankyō", the senior-most of the lesser cadet branches of the Shōgun's family, which still bore the name Tokugawa (instead of the greater cadet branches which had the Matsudaira surname).

paragraph: His father was Tayasu Munetake, the son of the reform-minded eighth shōgun Tokugawa Yoshimune. The Tayasu house stood apart from the other cadet branches resident in Edo Castle, living a more austere lifestyle, following the example set by Yoshimune—in Munetake's words, the praise of manly spirit ("masuraoburi") as opposed to feminine spirit ("taoyameburi"). It also set itself apart from the other branches due to its history of thwarted political ambition—the founder, Munetake, had hoped to become his father's heir but was passed over for Yoshimune's eldest son, Ieshige. As a result, Sadanobu was brought up from a very young age with the hopes of being placed as the next shogunal heir. His education was very thorough, being done along Confucian lines, and by his teens Sadanobu had already read and memorized much of the Confucian canon. As he matured, there was a further onus on Sadanobu for success as several members of the Tayasu house began to die young. Further attempts were made by the family to place Sadanobu as the next shogunal heir, but they were thwarted by the political clique of Tanuma Okitsugu, who was then in power as the chief rōjū.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Following the last failed attempt at adoption by the shōgun, Sadanobu was adopted by Matsudaira Sadakuni, head of one of the Hisamatsu-Matsudaira houses (another Tokugawa cadet branch), which ruled the Shirakawa Domain in southern Mutsu Province (with an assessment of 110,000 "koku"), succeeding to headship in late 1783 following his stepfather's protracted illness. He was immediately faced with his domain's economically disastrous position: of 110,000 "koku" that it was supposed to be able to produce, 108,600 had been reported "lost". Sadanobu worked ceaselessly to fix the economic situation in Shirakawa, finally saving it and bringing its finances and agriculture back to stability. These reforms, coupled with Sadanobu's continued political maneuvering, brought him fame, and he was named chief councilor of the Shogunate in the summer of 1787, and regent to the 11th shōgun Tokugawa Ienari early the following year.

paragraph: This period of Sadanobu's strengthening of the already faltering Tokugawa regime is known as the Kansei Reforms. His policies could as well be construed as a reactionary response to the execesses of his predecessor under Shōgun Ieharu. He recovered the finances of the Shogunate to some extent, and had some success in rescuing its reputation. However, following the Title Incident and the visit of Adam Laxman, Sadanobu's credibility and popularity in the Tokugawa bureaucracy became overtaxed, and true to the suggestion in his autobiography that "one should retire before discontent sets in", he resigned.

paragraph: Section::::Literature.

paragraph: Aside from his political reforms, Sadanobu was also known as a writer and a moralist, working under the pen name "Rakuō" (楽翁). Some of his notable texts include "Uge no Hitokoto", "Tōzen Manpitsu", "Kanko-dōri", "Kagetsutei Nikki", "Seigo", and "Ōmu no Kotoba", among others. Some time after his death, it was discovered that he had written a satirical text parodying "daimyō" life, titled "Daimyō Katagi". Scholars have since been somewhat taken aback by this discovery, since the text falls into the category of "gesaku", which Sadanobu officially opposed.

paragraph: Section::::Later years.

paragraph: Though Sadanobu resigned from his position on the senior council, he continued to keep up with political affairs, especially keeping in close touch with Matsudaira Nobuaki (his successor in the senior council), as well as the rector of the Shogunate's college, Hayashi Jussai, whom he had personally installed in that position. During these last few years of his rule in Shirakawa, he was also involved in matters of national defense, taking up security duties on the Bōsō Peninsula in 1810 together with Matsudaira Katahiro of Aizu. In domainal matters, Sadanobu continued to devote himself to the reforms he had established, as well as to education. He retired from the family headship in 1819, and was succeeded by his son Sadanaga. Sadanobu died in 1829, and according to his will, his son petitioned the Yoshida family in Kyoto to grant him the deified title of "Shukoku-daimyōjin". This was granted in three stages, in 1833, 1834, and 1855. Sadanobu was enshrined together with the Hisamatsu founder Sadatsuna, Sugawara no Michizane, and two other figures, in the Chinkoku-Shukoku shrine. This shrine has branches both in Kuwana, where Sadanaga was transferred, and in Sadanobu's former fief of Shirakawa, where the shrine was built in 1918.

paragraph: One of Sadanaga's sons, Itakura Katsukiyo, became almost as famous as his grandfather in the late Edo era, due to his attempted reforms of the Shogunate.

paragraph: Section::::Bibliography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Backus, Robert L. "The Kansei Prohibition of Heterodoxy and Its Effects on Education". In "Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies", Vol. 39, No. 1. (June 1979), pp. 55–106.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Backus, Robert L. "The Motivation of Confucian Orthodoxy in Tokugawa Japan". In "Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies", Vol. 39, No. 2. (December 1979), pp. 275–338.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hall, John Wesley. (1955). "Tanuma Okitsugu: Forerunner of Modern Japan". Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Iwasaki Haruko. "Portrait of a Daimyo: Comical Fiction by Matsudaira Sadanobu" in "Monumenta Nipponica", Vol. 38, No. 1. (Spring, 1983), pp. 1–19.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Matsudaira Sadanobu. "Daimyo Katagi" (English translation) in "Monumenta Nipponica", Vol. 38, No. 1. (Spring, 1983), pp. 20–48.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ooms, Herman. (1975). "Charismatic Bureaucrat: A political biography of Matsudaira Sadanobu, 1758–1829". Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Soranaka Isao. "The Kansei Reforms-Success or Failure?" in "Monumenta Nipponica", Vol. 33, No. 2. (Summer, 1978), pp. 151–164.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Totman, Conrad. (1967). "Politics in the Tokugawa Bakufu, 1600–1843". Cambridge: Harvard University Press. [reprinted by University of California Press, Berkeley, 1988. ]

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Genealogy of the various ruling houses of Shirakawa, including the Matsudaira

paragraph: BULLET::::- Japanese Diet Library page on Sadanobu

paragraph: BULLET::::- Further information on Sadanobu

description: [松平定信] Daimyo and Roju

wikidata_label: Matsudaira Sadanobu

wikipedia_title: Matsudaira Sadanobu


text:
pharmacist
chemist
mercury
quicklime
ammonium nitrate
ammonia
light
electric discharge
nitric oxide
oxygen
air
silver
copper
pharmacology
smallpox
sleep
MD
University of Göttingen
Johann Friedrich Gmelin
University and State Library Düsseldorf
J. R. Partington

wikipedia_title:
Pharmacist
Chemist
Mercury (element)
Calcium oxide
Ammonium nitrate
Ammonia
Light
Electric discharge
Nitric oxide
Oxygen
Atmosphere of Earth
Silver
Copper
Pharmacology
Smallpox
Sleep
Doctor of Medicine
University of Göttingen
Johann Friedrich Gmelin
University and State Library Düsseldorf
J. R. Partington

paragraph: Georg Friedrich Hildebrandt

paragraph: Georg Friedrich Hildebrandt (5 June 1764 – 23 March 1816) was a pharmacist, chemist, and anatomist. He was an early supporter of Lavoisier's theories in Germany. He investigated mercury compounds, and the chemical nature of quicklime, ammonium nitrate, and ammonia. He studied light emitted by electric discharges through air and investigated the use of nitric oxide to determine the oxygen content of air. He developed a method to separate silver from copper. He wrote textbooks on pharmacology and human anatomy, and treatises on smallpox, sleep, and the digestive system.

paragraph: He obtained his MD in 1783 from the University of Göttingen under Johann Friedrich Gmelin.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Anfangsgründe der Chemie" . Vol. 3 . Erlangen : Walther, 1794 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- K. Hufbauer, "The Formation of the German Chemical Community (1720-1795)," University of California Press, 1982, p. 214.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dictionary of Scientific Biography," Charles Scribner's Sons, 1970-1990, vol. 6, p. 395.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "J. fur Chemie und Physik," 1819, 25, pp. 1–16.

paragraph: BULLET::::- J. R. Partington, "A History of Chemistry," Macmillan, 1962, "vol. 3", pp. 638–639.

description: German chemist

wikidata_label: Georg Friedrich Hildebrandt

wikipedia_title: Georg Friedrich Hildebrandt


text:
Lancaster
Lancashire
motorcycle
Moto GP
British Superbike
James Ellison
Yamaha
Oulton Park
Ducati
Superbike World Championship
Yamaha
Brands Hatch
Oulton Park
Donington Park
Kendal
Leicester
James Ellison

wikipedia_title:
Lancaster, Lancashire
Lancashire
Motorcycle
Grand Prix motorcycle racing
British Superbike Championship
James Ellison (motorcyclist)
Yamaha Motor Company
Oulton Park
Ducati Motor Holding S.p.A.
Superbike World Championship
Yamaha Motor Company
Brands Hatch
Oulton Park
Donington Park
Kendal
Leicester
James Ellison (motorcyclist)

categories: Living people,Supersport World Championship riders,Superbike World Championship riders,People from Kendal,1977 births,English motorcycle racers,People from Lancaster, Lancashire,British Superbike Championship riders

paragraph: Dean Ellison

paragraph: Dean Bruce Ellison (born 14 November 1977 in Lancaster, Lancashire) is a former motorcycle racer from Britain. Ellison is the older brother of former Moto GP and current British Superbike rider James Ellison.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: Ellison started racing in 1996. In 1997 he entered the Superteen British Championship, finishing the season with a number of podiums. In 1998 he competed in the Aprilia 250cc Challenge, regularly finishing in the top five. Halfway through the season he was offered the chance to ride in the 250cc British Championship for D&B Racing, which at the time was his dream.

paragraph: After proving that Ellison could be a contender in the British Championship, D&B owner Danny Gallacher asked him to ride his new 250cc Honda in the 1999 championship. This gave Ellison the opportunity to run in the top five and at the end of the season he was asked to ride a Superbike as a one-off in the British Superbike Championship.

paragraph: Section::::Superbike racing.

paragraph: D&B Racing then made the switch to Superbike and asked Ellison to go with them, and in 2000 they contested the British Superbike Cup, Ellison learning his trade on a race-kitted Honda VTR-1000 SP-1. 2001 brought in more consistent results and a hard earned 12th place in the overall British Superbike Championship.

paragraph: In 2002, equipped with a factory Ducati along with support from Ducati Corse, Ellison had an exciting year getting to grips with the Ducati. At the end of 2002 he was tenth in the British Superbike Championship and was desperate to get racing again in 2003. During the off-season Ellison continued to race - taking in Supermoto, motocross and endurance racing, simply to keep on a bike and improve his riding.

paragraph: 2003 brought mixed emotions with top 10 results (notably the May Bank Holiday round at Oulton Park) in British and World Superbike rounds and the frustration of mechanical failures and lack of power compared to the opposition.

paragraph: At the beginning of 2004 Dean was left without a British Superbike ride after D&B Racing pulled out at the last minute. He was asked to help Phase One retain the World Endurance Championship, which Ellison had helped them win in 2003. By March 2004 Ellison had started developing Yamaha's brand new R1 in preparation for the first race in April. Along the way he competed for RP Bikes Suzuki in the British Superstock Championship, and for IRT Honda in the World Supersport.

paragraph: In 2005 he took over his brother's former ride in the Jentin Racing Yamaha BSB team, without the same success. He left mid-season to join the Slingshot Racing team. His 2006 season with the SMT Honda team was wrecked by a crash at Oulton Park in which Dean picked up a serious knee injury.

paragraph: For he raced one of Donato Pedercini's Ducatis in the Superbike World Championship, usually well down the order. Due to lack of power his season was plagued with mechanical failures.

paragraph: He returned to Britain for 2008, aboard the Co-ordit Yamaha. Ellison missed the rescheduled Brands Hatch round after a high-speed horror crash at Oulton Park. He took his first double point scoring finish of the season at Donington Park whilst still riding injured.

paragraph: Section::::Personal life.

paragraph: Ellison lived in Kendal throughout his childhood, moving to various places while pursuing his dream to become a professional racer. After leaving school he studied to be a motorcycle and motor vehicle mechanic, gaining all qualifications with distinction.

paragraph: In 1998 he settled down in the Midlands in Leicester until 2009 with his wife Susie, whom he married on 28 December 2008. He is the older brother of James Ellison and was James' biggest fan, working behind the scenes to find new sponsors.

paragraph: Dean is still very active within the motorcycle world, working as an area sales representative for accident claims based in Ormskirk. He plays football, runs and still attends motorcycle track days, supermoto events and has confirmed his desire to race.

paragraph: Always well respected for his fund raising efforts, Dean still takes time out to do his bit for charity. In 2011 he teamed up with Dave Winter and filmmaker Ben Barden to travel over 1000 miles in one go, raising money for his two favourite charities, "Riders" and "CJ Riders Fund".

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- deanellison.net Official website

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dean's employment detail as a motorcycle mechanic

description: British motorcycle racer

wikidata_label: Dean Ellison

wikipedia_title: Dean Ellison


text:
Trondheim
Norwegian
Grand General
Ola Kvernberg
Even Helte Hermansen
Erlend Slettevoll
Kenneth Kapstad
Grand General
Grand General
Rune Grammofon
Gunnhild Sundli
EMI Music Norway

wikipedia_title:
Trondheim
Norwegians
Grand General (band)
Ola Kvernberg
Even Helte Hermansen
Erlend Slettevoll
Kenneth Kapstad
Grand General (band)
Grand General (album)
Rune Grammofon
Gunnhild Sundli
EMI

categories: 1978 births,Living people,Norwegian bass guitarists,21st-century Norwegian bass guitarists,Musicians from Trondheim,21st-century male musicians,Norwegian male bass guitarists

paragraph: Trond Frønes

paragraph: Trond Frønes (born 1978 in Trondheim, Norway) is a Norwegian (bass guitarist), known from bands like Blood on Wheels, Goat The Head, Grand General and Sunswitch.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Frønes has collaborated with musicians like Ola Kvernberg, Even Helte Hermansen, Erlend Slettevoll and Kenneth Kapstad, and had a central position in the Norwegian band Cadillac and Jerryville from 1999.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Within Cadillac

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2001: "Cure" (Progress Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2002: "Convertible Candy" (Progress Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2004: "Magnetic City" (Kong Tiki)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Within Goat The Head

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2010: "Doppelgängers" (Aftermath Music)

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011: "Wicked Mimicry" (Left Horn Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Within Blood on Wheels

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2012: "Blood on Wheels" (Left Horn Records)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Within Sunswitch

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2012: "Sunswitch" (Riot Factory)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Within Grand General

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013: "Grand General" (Rune Grammofon)

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Gunnhild Sundli

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2013: "Tankerop" (EMI Music Norway)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hot Cargo live in Bergen 1992 playing "Til Jaco" on YouTube

description: musician

wikidata_label: Trond Frønes

wikipedia_title: Trond Frønes


text:
Paisley, Renfrewshire
Kirkcudbright
Glasgow School of Art
Fra Newbery
Merchant Navy
James Cowie
Aberdeen
Joe Edwards
Alberto Morrocco
Royal Scottish Academy
George Medal
Benno Schotz
Alberto Morrocco
Aberdeen Art Gallery
Marion Patterson
George Medal
Imperial War Museum
City of Edinburgh Council
Benjamin Bryant
Phyllis Bone
George Pirie

wikipedia_title:
Paisley, Renfrewshire
Kirkcudbright
Glasgow School of Art
Francis Henry Newbery
Merchant navy
James Cowie (artist)
Aberdeen
Joe Edwards (painter)
Alberto Morrocco
Royal Scottish Academy
George Medal
Benno Schotz
Alberto Morrocco
Aberdeen Art Gallery
Marion Patterson
George Medal
Imperial War Museum
City of Edinburgh Council
Benjamin Bryant (naval officer)
Phyllis Bone
George Pirie

categories: Scottish artists,People from Kirkcudbright,20th-century Scottish painters,Academics of Robert Gordon University,Scottish male painters,British war artists,1958 deaths,British Merchant Service personnel of World War I,1888 births,Royal Scottish Academicians

paragraph: Robert Sivell

paragraph: Robert Sivell (1888–1958) was a British portrait artist, active in the first half of the 20th century.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Sivell was born in Paisley, Renfrewshire, but lived in Kirkcudbright, Galloway for long periods of his adult life.

paragraph: Although beginning evening studies at the Glasgow School of Art with Fra Newbery in 1908, Sivell was working full-time as an apprentice engineer, and had to abandon the art course in 1910. He lacked the means to attend school full-time. In 1912 he traveled in Canada, and also visited Paris and Florance, but returned to Scotland in 1914 as the country readied for war, using his engineering skills to fit out trawlers and drifters for mine sweeping and other operations. He also worked on the Boom Defense of Comarty. In 1916 he joined the Merchant Navy. When he left the Merchant Navy, Sivell moved to Glasgow where he was able to paint evenings and weekends, sharing a studio with Archibald McGlashon.

paragraph: Sivell met Isobel Sayers, who was from Kirkcudbright, while she was visiting Glasgow, and they married in 1923. They rented a small bungalow on the River Dee across from Kirkcudbright. They had one child, a daughter, Elspeth Dolores. The couple moved to Kirkcudbright at some point after 1924, building a house and studio at The Hollow, Stell.

paragraph: Together with James Cowie and Archibald McGlashan he was a founding member of the Glasgow Society of Artists and Sculptors in 1919. Their exhibitions took place at the McLellan Galleries and attracted some controversy over the exclusion of the work of non-members. Sivell traveled to Italy at some point during these years and this trip had a strong influence on his work.

paragraph: In the 1930s he moved to Aberdeen to teach at Grays School of Art, serving as Head of Drawing and Painting from 1942 to 1954. His pupils included Joe Edwards, Taylor Bremner, Gordon Stewart Cammeron, and Alberto Morrocco, who built up a large collection of Sivell’s work. In 1936 Sivell was elected an Associate of the Royal Scottish Academy (ARSA) and in 1943 became a full member (RSA). While at Gray's, he undertook a large scale painting project consisting of larger than life size murals in a lecture and exhibition hall within the Aberdeen University Union on Gallowgate. This project involved three of his pupils (Albert Morrocco, Taylor Bremner, and James Hillocks) in an effort started in 1938 and continued until his retirement in 1953, of course interrupted during World War II. During the war Sivell completed a number of short-term commissions for the War Artists Advisory Committee. Among these commissions was one of a Scottish policeman and two of women who had both been awarded the George Medal. During his years teaching, Sivell continued to paint both commissioned portraits and subjects of his own choosing, and showing in various galleries and exhibitions.

paragraph: Sivell retired in 1954 and returned to Kirkcudbright where he died in 1958. He and his wife, Isobel (d. 1962), were buried on the slope behind his home and studio, The Hollow, Stell, according to their wishes.

paragraph: Section::::Memorials.

paragraph: The Aberdeen Student’s Union where his murals stand was named Sivell’s Bar in his memory. After Aberdeen University sold the building, the murals were given historic status and protection by the city, but have been inaccessible to the public for many years, with the building and murals listed "at risk" in the Buildings At Risk Register for Scotland. Sivell was sculpted by his friend Benno Schotz, and while photos of this bust exist, its current location and condition are unknown. In 1960 the Arts Council Scottish Committee held a memorial exhibition of his work in Edinburgh.

paragraph: Section::::Public works.

paragraph: At least 120 paintings by Sivell are held in Aberdeen art Museum, a large number having been donated by Alberto Morrocco. Many of his portraits are executed in oil on wood, and have a dark and foreboding tone.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Wall murals, Aberdeen University Student Union, Gallowgate (1938–40)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Studies for mural including The Grape Harvest, Pastoral, Medical and The Creation, Aberdeen Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elspeth (his daughter), Aberdeen Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dawn, Aberdeen Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Noon, Aberdeen Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Bathers, Aberdeen Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrait of Francis Garden, Aberdeen Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Portrait of a Soldier (Pt Alistair Paterson), Aberdeen Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mrs Marion Patterson, recipient of the George Medal, Imperial War Museum, London

paragraph: BULLET::::- Woman in a Shawl, Glasgow Museums

paragraph: BULLET::::- Dehydration of Herrings, Glasgow Museums

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sisters, National Museum of Northern Ireland

paragraph: BULLET::::- Eve, City of Edinburgh Council

paragraph: BULLET::::- Captain Benjamin Bryant, Aberdeen Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Spring, Aberdeen Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Family Group, Aberdeen Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Senorita, Perth & Kinross Council

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Cello Player, Aberdeen Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Coats Memorial Church, Paisley Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Twins of Craigie Hall, Paisley Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Phyllis Bone, Gracefield Collection, Kirkcudbright

paragraph: BULLET::::- Study of Sir George Pirie

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Provost, Kirkcudbright Tolbooth Art Centre

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Drawing Book, McLean Museum and Art Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lamont in Lamplight (unfinished) (1958)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Artist's website

description: British artist

wikidata_label: Robert Sivell

wikipedia_title: Robert Sivell


text: Iudaea

text: consul

text: Legio X Fretensis

text: Masada

text: Sicarii

text: Josephus

text: Urbs Salvia

text: vigintiviri

text: Roman Senate

text: Legio IV Scythica

text: Syria

text: quaestor

text: cursus honorum

text: tribune of the plebs

text: legate

text: Legio XXI Rapax

text: Vindonissa

text: Vespasian

text: Year of the Four Emperors

text: crushing the rebellion in Jerusalem

text: King Herod

text: circumvallation

text: Census

text: adlected

text: Patrician

text: legatus Augusti pro praetore

text: Sextus Lucilius Bassus

text: Lucius Asinius Pollio Verrucosus

text: Urbs Salvia

text: Titus

text: Domitian

text: damnatio memoriae

text: Peter O'Toole

text: Masada

text: Sam Hazeldine

text: The Dovekeepers

text: Siege of Masada

categories: Roman governors of Judea,Flavii,1st-century Roman governors of Judea,Jews and Judaism in the Roman Empire,1st-century Romans,Ancient Roman generals,Year of death unknown,40s births,Masada

paragraph: Lucius Flavius Silva

paragraph: Lucius Flavius Silva Nonius Bassus was a late-1st-century Roman general, governor of the province of Iudaea and consul. Silva was the commander of the army, composed mainly of the "Legio X Fretensis", in 72 AD which laid siege to the near-impregnable mountain fortress of Masada, occupied by a group of Jewish rebels called the Sicarii. The siege ended in 73 AD with Silva's forces breaching the defenses of the Masada plateau and the mass suicide of the Sicarii, who preferred death to defeat or capture. Silva's actions are documented by 1st-century Jewish-Roman historian Josephus, the remains of a 1st-century Roman victory arch identified in Jerusalem in 2005, and the extensive earthworks at the Masada site, a monument to the high-water mark of Roman siege warfare.

paragraph: Section::::Early life and career.

paragraph: Flavius Silva was born in the Roman town of Urbs Salvia, in what is now Italy, circa AD 43. Around 62, he began his career within the "vigintiviri", a preliminary and required first step toward gaining entry into the Roman Senate. The vigintiviri was a college of twenty citizens charged with administering municipal and government affairs within the government of Rome. As one of the "triumviri capitalis", Silva was one of three responsible for assisting the judicial magistrates.

paragraph: Next he served as military tribune of Legio IV Scythica around the year 64, when it was stationed in Syria; in 67 or 68 he was quaestor, the first stage of the "cursus honorum" allowing entry in the Senate; and around the year 70 he served as tribune of the plebs. Next he was appointed legate of the Legio XXI Rapax, which was stationed at Vindonissa, likely for his support of Vespasian in the Year of the Four Emperors.

paragraph: Flavius Silva was patron of his home town Urbs Salvia, where he twice held the honorary position of "praetor quinquennalis".

paragraph: Section::::Siege of Masada.

paragraph: The historical context of Silva's siege of Masada was Rome's 'cleaning up' of the remaining Jewish resistance to Roman rule after crushing the rebellion in Jerusalem in 70 AD. While Masada was the last vestige of the rebellion it was as much a symbol as a threat. Thus, the attack on Masada was as much for Roman prestige as security. Silva's forces were a projection of Roman power. Rome's 4,000 to 5,000 soldiers outnumbered the people on Masada — estimated by Josephus at 960 men, women and children — by 5 to 1.

paragraph: The central challenge to Silva and his battlefield engineers was to overcome the isolated plateau and its fortifications, originally constructed by King Herod. Silva surrounded the mountain fortress by constructing a , siege wall (circumvallation) to prevent attacks and escapes. The wall also enclosed the eight base camps established for the army. After initial efforts to breach Masada's defenses failed, Silva's army built a siege ramp against the western face of the plateau, using thousands of tons of stones and beaten earth. The huge dirt ramp, which survives to this day, allowed the Romans to roll up a battering ram to breach Masada's walls. Silva's victory was incomplete. Some 960 men, women and children, had committed mass suicide shortly before the Romans took the fortress. However, the Romans had made their point and removed the last obstacle to reasserting their rule in Judaea.

paragraph: Section::::Later life.

paragraph: During the Census Vespasian and his son Titus performed between April and the end of June 73, Silva was adlected into Praetorian rank and to the Patrician class. Later that year he was appointed legatus Augusti pro praetore of Judaea, replacing Sextus Lucilius Bassus, who had died during his tenure. Silva was governor of Judea for eight years, until 79 or 80. By 1 January 81 he had returned to Rome, where he welcomed the year as ordinary consul, with Lucius Asinius Pollio Verrucosus as his colleague. Silva commissioned an amphitheater to be built in Urbs Salvia after the year 81 AD. The amphitheater was used for gladiatorial contests and other entertainments. In 1957 a stone inscription was found at the amphitheater which described Silva's various posts - "tresvir capitalis", tribune, quality figures of the Legio IV Scythica, quaestor, tribune of the plebs and "legatus legionis" of the Legio XXI Rapax. The amphitheater is used to this day for annual drama festivals.

paragraph: His life after his second consulate is unknown. After the death of emperor Titus, it is possible Silva fell victim to Domitian's reign of terror which purged popular generals whom the emperor saw as rivals. Falling into disfavour, Silva's accomplishments were erased from Roman archives in what Romans called "damnatio memoriae".

paragraph: Section::::Archaeological finds.

paragraph: In October 2005, Hungarian archaeologist Dr. Tibor Grull published an article about a stone tablet unearthed in 1999 near the Temple Mount in Jerusalem. The Latin inscription on the tablet describes Silva as the victor of Masada. It is believed the tablet was part of the Roman restoration of Jerusalem after Rome's victory.

paragraph: Section::::On film & television.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Silva was portrayed by Peter O'Toole in the 1981 television mini-series "Masada" (where his character is incorrectly called 'Cornelius Flavius Silva').

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lucius Flavius Silva was portrayed by Sam Hazeldine in the 2015 television mini-series "The Dovekeepers".

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Roman-Jewish wars and the capture of Masada by Flavius Josephus

paragraph: BULLET::::- Siege of Masada

description: Ancient Roman senator; officer and politician

wikidata_label: Lucius Flavius Silva

wikipedia_title: Lucius Flavius Silva


text:
professional baseball
infielder
Kansas City Royals
Major League Baseball
Los Angeles Angels
Philadelphia Phillies
Tampa Bay Rays
James E. Taylor High School
Katy, Texas
Texas Christian University
college baseball
TCU Horned Frogs baseball
Colorado Rockies
2011 MLB Draft
Tulsa Drillers
Class AA
Texas League
batting average
home run
runs batted in
Chicago Cubs
Rule 5 Draft
utility infielder
spring training
Opening Day
at bat
games played
designated
Philadelphia Phillies
player to be named later
Lehigh Valley IronPigs
Class AAA
International League
Tampa Bay Rays
Durham Bulls
Minnesota Twins
Kansas City T-Bones
American Association
Cincinnati Reds
Double-A
Pensacola Blue Wahoos
Kansas City Royals

categories: Tulsa Drillers players,Major League Baseball infielders,Philadelphia Phillies players,Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim players,Salt River Rafters players,Kansas City T-Bones players,Tri-City Dust Devils players,Baseball players from Texas,Tampa Bay Rays players,TCU Horned Frogs baseball players,Asheville Tourists players,Durham Bulls players,Modesto Nuts players,Living people,Sportspeople from Houston,Lehigh Valley IronPigs players,Salt Lake Bees players,1989 births,Tigres del Licey players

paragraph: Taylor Featherston

paragraph: Taylor Joseph Featherston (born October 8, 1989) is an American professional baseball infielder in the Kansas City Royals organization. He has played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Los Angeles Angels, Philadelphia Phillies, and Tampa Bay Rays.

paragraph: Section::::Career.

paragraph: Featherston graduated from James E. Taylor High School in Katy, Texas. He attended Texas Christian University (TCU), where he played college baseball for the TCU Horned Frogs baseball team.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Colorado Rockies.

paragraph: The Colorado Rockies selected Featherston in the fifth round of the 2011 MLB Draft. In 2014, he played for the Tulsa Drillers of the Class AA Texas League. He had a .260 batting average, 16 home runs, and 57 runs batted in for Tulsa.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Los Angeles Angels.

paragraph: The Chicago Cubs selected Featherston from the Rockies in the 2014 Rule 5 Draft, and then traded him to the Angels for cash considerations. Featherston competed for a role with the Angels as a utility infielder in spring training. The Angels carried Featherston as their backup infielder on their Opening Day roster. He made his major league debut on April 12. Featherston batted .162 during the 2015 season, receiving 154 at bats in 101 games played.

paragraph: During the 2015-16 offseason, the Angels designated Featherston for assignment.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Philadelphia Phillies.

paragraph: The Philadelphia Phillies acquired Featherston from the Angels for a player to be named later or cash considerations. He began the 2016 season with the Lehigh Valley IronPigs of the Class AAA International League. The Phillies promoted Featherston to the major leagues on July 25. They designated him for assignment on September 10.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Tampa Bay Rays.

paragraph: Featherston began the 2017 season with Lehigh Valley. On June 9, the Phillies traded Featherston to the Tampa Bay Rays for cash considerations. He batted .179 for the Rays, and also played for the Durham Bulls of the International League.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Minnesota Twins.

paragraph: In December 2017, Featherston signed a minor league contract with the Minnesota Twins. He was released on June 18, 2018.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Kansas City T-Bones.

paragraph: On June 25, 2018, Featherston signed with the Kansas City T-Bones of the independent American Association.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Cincinnati Reds.

paragraph: On July 24, 2018, Featherston's contract was purchased by the Cincinnati Reds organization. He was assigned to the Double-A Pensacola Blue Wahoos. Featherston elected free agency on November 2, 2018.

paragraph: Section::::Career.:Kansas City Royals.

paragraph: On January 3, 2019, Featherston signed a minor league contract with the Kansas City Royals.

description: American baseball player

wikidata_label: Taylor Featherston

wikipedia_title: Taylor Featherston


text: Venezuelan

text: professional baseball

text: center fielder

text: Philadelphia Phillies

text: Major League Baseball

text: Texas Rangers

text: farm system

text: Rule 5 draft

text: opening day

text: Zulia, Venezuela

text: Texas Rangers

text: free agent

text: Dominican Summer League

text: error

text: shortstop

text: fielding percentage

text: farm system

text: second base

text: Class A-Advanced

text: Myrtle Beach Pelicans

text: Double-A

text: Frisco RoughRiders

text: home run

text: Texas League

text: batting title

text: Venezuelan Winter League

text: most valuable player

text: batting average

text: on-base plus slugging

text: Philadelphia Phillies

text: Rule 5 draft

text: Rubén Amaro, Jr.

text: LNP

text: Shane Victorino

text: Opening Day

text: center fielder

text: Ben Revere

text: left field

text: batting average on balls in play

text: Pete Mackanin

text: ground ball

text: NL All-Star team

text: infield hit

text: Chase Utley

text: St. Louis Cardinals

text: on-base percentage

text: Power hitting

text: base stealer

text: second baseman

text: shortstop

text: Golden Nugget Atlantic City

text: Atlantic City

text: domestic violence

text: simple assault

text: administrative leave

text: players association

text: Commissioner of Baseball

text: Odúbel Herrera

text: Odúbel Herrera

categories: Reading Fightin Phils players,National League All-Stars,Major League Baseball players from Venezuela,Lehigh Valley IronPigs players,Venezuelan expatriate baseball players in the United States,Spokane Indians players,Frisco RoughRiders players,Arizona League Rangers players,Dominican Summer League Rangers players,Hickory Crawdads players,Philadelphia Phillies players,Major League Baseball outfielders,1991 births,Tiburones de La Guaira players,Living people,Myrtle Beach Pelicans players

paragraph: Odúbel Herrera

paragraph: David Odúbel Herrera (pronounced oh-DOO-bull er-RAIR-uh; born December 29, 1991), nicknamed "El Torito", is a Venezuelan professional baseball center fielder for the Philadelphia Phillies of Major League Baseball (MLB). After he spent to in the Texas Rangers farm system, the Phillies selected him in the Rule 5 draft in December 2014. Herrera made his big league debut in 2015 as the team’s opening day center fielder.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Herrera was born in Zulia, Venezuela, and grew up in Venezuela. He was known for being "strong and powerful when he was a kid." Consequently, his father gave him the nickname "El Torito" – Spanish for "the little bull".

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Texas Rangers.

paragraph: Herrera was signed by the Texas Rangers as an international free agent in 2008 at age 16. He began his professional career in the Dominican Summer League, making 34 errors in 51 games at shortstop for an .863 fielding percentage in 2009, and slowly progressed through the farm system, albeit behind several other top prospects. In 2012, he made 51 errors playing 110 games in the field between second base and shortstop, for the Class A-Advanced Myrtle Beach Pelicans.

paragraph: Playing for the Double-A Frisco RoughRiders in 2013, he batted .257/.289/.339 with 2 home runs in 389 at bats. Predominantly an infielder in the Rangers' system, he began playing sporadically in the outfield during the 2014 season, in which he split time between Myrtle Beach and Frisco RoughRiders, winning the Texas League batting title. He also participated in the Venezuelan Winter League, where he earned recognition as the most valuable player (MVP) by posting a .372 batting average with six home runs and a .988 on-base plus slugging (OPS).

paragraph: Herrera was selected by the Philadelphia Phillies from the Rangers in the 2014 Rule 5 draft, which stipulated that he must remain a part of their roster for the 2015 season. Phillies' general manager Rubén Amaro, Jr. said that the Phillies viewed Herrera as an intriguing prospect, insofar as he "fits the bill" of what the club sought to do – develop speed and athleticism within their lineup, as well as give younger players a chance to prove themselves. Paula Wolf, a writer for "LNP", compared Herrera to another former Phillies' outfielder selected in the Rule 5 draft, Shane Victorino.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Philadelphia Phillies.:2015.

paragraph: He was named the 2015 Opening Day center fielder, with the Phillies moving Ben Revere to left field. Herrera later got his first hit against the Washington Nationals, hitting a walkoff double. Herrera then received less playing time, with Revere moving back to center field. Herrera became a starter again after Revere was traded to the Toronto Blue Jays. He finished the season batting .297/.344/.418 and 8 home runs and 41 RBIs. For the season, he had the highest batting average on balls in play (.387) of all major league players, and while he stole 16 bases his 8 caught stealing were 7th in the NL.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Philadelphia Phillies.:2016.

paragraph: In May 2016, Manager Pete Mackanin benched Herrera for not hustling on a ground ball, something he had observed Herrera do before. Herrera would go on to have a breakout season in 2016. On July 5, Herrera was named to the NL All-Star team, the first time in his career. He finished the season batting .286/.361/.420 and 15 home runs and 49 RBIs, and leading the majors in infield hits (30) and leading NL center fielders in errors (9). On December 15, Herrera signed a 5-year, $30.5 million contract extension.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Philadelphia Phillies.:2017.

paragraph: In June 2017, Herrera hit 14 doubles, a Phillies franchise record. In July, following him catching the unfavorable attention of his manager for ignoring signs and taking what his manager felt was a lackadaisical approach to the game, he was benched mid-game by Manager Mackanin for not hustling. He finished the season batting .281/.325/.452 and 14 home runs and 56 RBIs.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Philadelphia Phillies.:2018.

paragraph: On May 7, 2018, Herrera became the fastest player in Phillies history to reach 500 career hits since Chase Utley in 2007. He recorded his 500th hit in his 476th career game. Utley did so in 474 games. On May 20, Herrera's 45-game on-base streak came to an end with a dropped third strike against the St. Louis Cardinals. It was the fourth-longest on-base streak in Phillies history. From June 17 to June 22, Herrera homered in five consecutive games, tying the Phillies' franchise record.

paragraph: For the season, he batted a career-low .255 with a .310 on base percentage and a .420 slugging percentage, and 22 home runs, 71 RBIs, and a career-low 5 stolen bases, playing 133 games in center field and 9 games in right field. He had the slowest baserunning sprint speed of all major league center fielders, at 26.7 feet/second.

paragraph: Section::::Professional career.:Philadelphia Phillies.:2019.

paragraph: Herrera's 2019 season was short-lived as he played only 39 games batting a career-low .222/.288/.341, with a home run and 16 RBIs in 126 at bats. On July 6, he was suspended for the rest of the season retroactive to June 24, due to his violating MLB's Joint Domestic Violence, Sexual Assault and Child Abuse Policy, in a domestic violence incident on May 27.

paragraph: Section::::Player profile.

paragraph: Standing tall and weighing , entering 2015, he cumulatively hit .294 during his minor league career, with a .354 on-base percentage. Power hitting is not a strength, but the Phillies were optimistic about his potential to develop as a major league hitter. In 2015 scouts called him a line drive hitter with the ability to "use his speed to create havoc." Some felt he had potential to develop into a base stealer if he could embody a more cerebral approach on the basepaths. Defensively, he spent most of his early minor league career as a second baseman or shortstop before transitioning to the outfield.

paragraph: Section::::Legal issues.

paragraph: On May 27, 2019, Herrera was arrested at the Golden Nugget Atlantic City hotel and casino in Atlantic City, New Jersey, after a report of domestic violence. He was charged with simple assault for allegedly assaulting his 20-year-old girlfriend, Melany Martinez-Angulo, who had visible signs of injury on her arms and neck including "handprint markings" and scratches, and released from custody with a summons and a court date. The maximum penalty in New Jersey for simple assault was six months in jail, plus a $1,000 fine. He was placed on administrative leave by MLB the next day. The domestic violence charges were dropped after his girlfriend opted not to testify and proceed with the case.

paragraph: MLB and its players association had agreed to a Joint Domestic Violence, Sexual Assault and Child Abuse Policy, giving the Commissioner of Baseball the right to investigate such incidents and impose discipline. On July 5, it was announced that Herrera would be suspended without pay, retroactive to June 24, for the remainder of the 2019 season, and participate in confidential and comprehensive evaluation and treatment programs supervised by the league.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball players from Venezuela

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Major League Baseball players investigated for domestic violence

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Odúbel Herrera at Baseball Almanac

paragraph: BULLET::::- Odúbel Herrera at Pura Pelota (Venezuelan Professional Baseball League)

alias:
David Odubel Herrera
Odúbel Herrera
David Odúbel Herrera

description: Venezuelan professional baseball outfielder and infielder

wikidata_label: Odubel Herrera

wikipedia_title: Odúbel Herrera


text: courtesy name

text: Chinese poet

text: Tang dynasty

text: Yiwu

text: Zhejiang

text: Shandong

text: Lu Zhaolin

text: Wang Bo

text: Yang Jiong

text: Four Paragons of the Early Tang

text: Emperor Gaozong

text: Chang'an

text: Xinjiang

text: Yunnan

text: Haidong Prefecture

text: Qinghai

text: Su Weidao

text: Chang'an

text: Wu Zetian

text: Empress Dowager Wu

text: regent

text: Emperor Zhongzong

text: Emperor Ruizong

text: Linhai

text: Yangzhou

text: Jiangsu

text: Li Jingye

text: chancellor

text: pianwen

text: gushi

text: autobiographical

text: verse

text: narrative

text: "Luo Binwang"

text: Encyclopedia of China

text: Old Book of Tang

text: vol. 190, part 2

text: New Book of Tang

text: vol. 201

text: Zizhi Tongjian

text: Quan Tangshi

text: Chinese Text Project

text: Book 77

text: Book 78

text: Book 79

text: Witter Bynner

categories: 684 deaths,Three Hundred Tang Poems poets,Tang dynasty politicians from Zhejiang,Writers from Jinhua,619 births,Politicians from Jinhua,Poets from Zhejiang,7th-century Chinese poets

paragraph: Luo Binwang

paragraph: Luo Binwang (, ca. 619–684?), courtesy name Guanguang (觀光/观光), was a Chinese poet of the Tang dynasty. His family was from Wuzhou, modern Yiwu, Zhejiang, but he was raised in Shandong. Luo is grouped with Lu Zhaolin, Wang Bo, and Yang Jiong as the Four Paragons of the Early Tang, the most outstanding poets of their time.

paragraph: Section::::Early career.

paragraph: It was said that Luo Binwang could recite poetry when he was six years old. In adulthood, after a period serving on the staff of Li Yuanqing (李元慶) Prince of Dao, an uncle of then-ruling Emperor Gaozong, Luo worked in the central government in Chang'an from 665. In 670, he was exiled to Xinjiang, after which he travelled to Yunnan with the army. He later served on staff of the prominent general Pei Xingjian (裴行儉) while Pei was serving as the commandant at Tao Prefecture (洮州, roughly modern Haidong Prefecture, Qinghai), and was in charge of the military correspondences, but he did not have a good relationship with Pei, who also disapproved of the other three greater writers grouped with Luo — Wang, Yang, and Lu, instead favoring the talents of Wang Bo's brother Wang Ju (王勮) and Su Weidao. Eventually, Luo became a secretary at the county government of Chang'an County — one of the two counties making up the capital Chang'an — a low position that was however considered fairly prestigious due to its location at the capital.

paragraph: Section::::Participation in Li Jingye's rebellion.

paragraph: In 678, Luo Binwang was dismissed and imprisoned for criticising Wu Zetian, but was released the following year. After Emperor Gaozong's death and the subsequent takeover of Emperor Gaozong's wife Empress Dowager Wu (later known as Wu Zetian) as regent over initially their son Emperor Zhongzong, whom she quickly deposed, and then Emperor Ruizong, Luo made a number of suggestions to her, which she did not accept, and he was in turn demoted to the post of secretary general of Linhai County in 684. He and a number of similarly demoted officials met at Yang Prefecture (揚州, roughly modern Yangzhou, Jiangsu), and they, supporting Li Jingye the Duke of Ying as their leader, rose against Empress Dowager Wu at Yang Prefecture, claiming as their goal Emperor Zhongzong's restoration. Luo was in charge of the resistance forces' correspondences, and he wrote a particularly sharp-worded declaration against Empress Dowager Wu:

paragraph: It was said that when Empress Dowager Wu read the declaration, she smiled and laughed at what he wrote. However, when she reached the portion that read, "The soil on the new imperial tomb is not yet dry, and to whom can the two-meter-tall orphan be entrusted?" she turned solemn, and she commented, "It is the fault of the chancellors that we lost this man's service." After Li Jingye's defeat later that year, Luo was also killed, and Empress Dowager Wu, impressed with his writing, sent people to gather them and publish them.

paragraph: Section::::Style.

paragraph: In prose, he was a master of the ornate "pianwen" 駢文 "parallel prose" style. His poetry (mostly "gushi") is often similarly complex. Among his works is a long, autobiographical verse narrative, but he is best known for his poem "Ode to the Goose", said to have been written when he was seven years old. His "Ode to the Cicada" is also of great renown and influence.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ma, Maoyuan, "Luo Binwang". "Encyclopedia of China" (Chinese Literature Edition), 1st ed.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Old Book of Tang", vol. 190, part 2.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "New Book of Tang", vol. 201.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Zizhi Tongjian", .

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Books of the "Quan Tangshi" that include collected poems of Luo Binwang at the Chinese Text Project:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Book 77

paragraph: BULLET::::- Book 78

paragraph: BULLET::::- Book 79

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ode to the Goose" in Chinese and English

paragraph: BULLET::::- A Political Prisoner Listening to a Cicada, in Chinese with Witter Bynner's translation.

alias:
Binyang Luo
Luo Linhai
Luo Si
Guanguang

description: Chinese writer

enwikiquote_title: Luo Binwang

wikidata_label: Luo Binwang

wikipedia_title: Luo Binwang


text:
Plouévez-Parzay
Finistère
Collège de Quimper
constitutional oath
constitutional bishop
Ille-et-Vilaine
Legislative Assembly
Mont-Saint-Michel
decadi
Concordat of 1802
Holy See
Archbishop of Besançon
Bernier
Pope Pius VII
Gallican
Abbé Grégoire
Villevieux
Jura

paragraph: Claude Le Coz

paragraph: Claude Le Coz (1740–1815) was a French Catholic bishop.

paragraph: Le Coz was born at Plouévez-Parzay, Finistère. He was pupil, then professor, and finally principal of the Collège de Quimper. He took the constitutional oath in 1791, was elected constitutional bishop of Ille-et-Vilaine, and wrote in defence of his election — declared null and void by the pope — "Accord des vrais principes de la morale et de la raison sur la Constitution civile du clergé".

paragraph: Elected to the Legislative Assembly, he showed courage and ability in defending against the majority Catholic colleges, the ecclesiastical costume, and even Christian marriage. His moderation drew upon him the severity of the Convention, and he spent fourteen months in the prison of Mont-Saint-Michel. Later, under the Directory, the vigour with which he opposed the substitution of the "decadi" for the Christian Sunday came near causing his deportation.

paragraph: Under the Concordat of 1802, Le Coz was one of the Constitutional bishops whom the force of circumstances compelled the Holy See to recognize, and he became Archbishop of Besançon. Bernier, the ecclesiastical diplomat who negotiated the rehabilitation of the jurors, thought it best, in order to avoid delay, not to make a clear mention of the manner of retractation required by Pope Pius VII; as a consequence, Le Coz denied ever having retracted, and the awkwardness of the situation was ended only by a personal interview between Le Coz and Pius VII, in which both were seen weeping but of which neither ever spoke.

paragraph: As schismatic Bishop of Ille-et-Vilaine, Le Coz failed in his endeavour to organize the new province of which he was the metropolitan; otherwise he proved a zealous administrator and a charitable pastor. The strange mixture in Le Coz's life, is partly explained by his intensely Gallican education, which caused him to adopt and to maintain with obstinacy schismatic views. His Gallicanism, which made him so haughty toward the pope, found him almost cringing before the various political regimes which succeeded one another during his episcopate. Le Coz, even against the all-powerful Abbé Grégoire, defended the cause of religion in the "Annales de la Religion", in which he was a collaborator, and in his "", part of which has been published. He died at Villevieux, Jura.

paragraph: Section::::Sources.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Roussel, "Le Coz, évêque d'Ille-et-Vilaine" (Paris, s.d.)

paragraph: BULLET::::- idem, "" (Paris, 1900)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pisani, "Le Coz" in Répertoire biographique de l'Episcopat Constitutionnel (Paris, 1907)

description: French bishop

wikidata_label: Claude Le Coz

wikipedia_title: Claude Le Coz


text:
entomologist
Coccoidea
Coleoptera
Muséum national d'histoire naturelle
Société entomologique de France
Prosper Network
Buchenwald Concentration Camp
Camp Dora
typhus
underground groups
Eugen Kogon
British SOE
Edward Yeo-Thomas
Harry Peulevé
Stéphane Hessel
168 imprisoned Allied airmen
Phil Lamason
Luftwaffe
Nuremberg Trials
Robert Benoist
Christopher Burney
Louis Mesnil
Pasteur Institute Biography
Australian Faunal Directory

categories: 1901 births,French Special Operations Executive personnel,French entomologists,20th-century zoologists,Chevaliers of the Légion d'honneur,Buchenwald concentration camp survivors,People from Korochansky District,Commandeurs of the Légion d'honneur,Members of the French Academy of Sciences,French Resistance members,1983 deaths,National Museum of Natural History (France) people

paragraph: Alfred Balachowsky

paragraph: Alfred Serge Balachowsky (15 August 1901 – 24 December 1983) was a French entomologist born in Russia. He specialised in Coccoidea but also worked on Coleoptera. Balachowsky worked at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle. In 1948 he was elected president of the Société entomologique de France.

paragraph: Balachowsky was part of the Prosper Network in Paris during WWII, a spy network run by the British SOE. After the network was infiltrated and betrayed, Balachowsky was arrested and ultimately imprisoned at the Buchenwald Concentration Camp outside Weimar, Germany. Sent to Camp Dora on 1 February 1944, he was brought back to Buchenwald May 1 of the same year to work developing a vaccine for typhus. He also went to work helping the various underground groups inside the camp and established a network of contacts who fed him information from the camp's commanders. Along with Eugen Kogon, Balachowsky was instrumental in the survival of several British SOE officers who were among a group sent to Buchenwald for execution. Most of the group were murdered there, but several, most notably Edward Yeo-Thomas, Harry Peulevé and Free French agent Stéphane Hessel, escaped through the help of Balachowsky and his staff who exchanged them for the bodies of typhus patients in their test group. It is also believed that Balachowsky had a hand in getting 168 imprisoned Allied airmen including Phil Lamason out of Buchenwald and into the hands of the German Luftwaffe just days before they were set to be executed.

paragraph: After the war, Balachowsky testified at the Nuremberg Trials.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Robert Benoist

paragraph: BULLET::::- Christopher Burney

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: Partial list

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Étude biologique des coccidies du bassin occidental de la Méditerranée" (1932). PhD. thesis

paragraph: BULLET::::- With Louis Mesnil "Les insectes nuisibles aux plantes cultivées. Leurs moeurs. Leur destruction. Traité d’entomologie agricole concernant la France, la Corse, l’Afrique du Nord et les régions limitrophes". Tom 1. 1137 pp. Paris

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Faune de France", Volume 50: "Coléoptères Scolytides" 320 pages, 300 b/w line illus. (1949)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Entomologie appliquée a l`agriculture. Traité". Tome I. "Coléoptères". Maison et Cie Éditeurs, Paris, 1391 pp. (1963)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pasteur Institute Biography

paragraph: BULLET::::- Australian Faunal Directory Partial list of publications on Coccoidea

paragraph: BULLET::::-  Story on Balachowsky's involvement with Prosper Network in Paris

description: French entomologist born in Russia

wikidata_label: Alfred Balachowsky

wikipedia_title: Alfred Balachowsky


text: Brno

text: Moravia

text: Dachau concentration camp

text: World War I

text: Karl Farkas

text: Karl Farkas

text: Ralph Benatzky

text: Cabaret Simpl

text: Dachau concentration camp

text: Buchenwald

text: modernist art

text: Egon Schiele

text: Die Dollarprinzessin

text: Leo Fall

text: A. M. Willner

text: The Dollar Princess

text: Basil Hood

text: Karl Michael Ziehrer

text: Robert Bodanzky

text: Der Zigeunerprimas

text: Emmerich Kálmán

text: Georg Jarno

text: Jean Gilbert

text: Karl Farkas

text: Rich, Young and Beautiful

text: Fritz Freisler

text: The Gypsy Chief

text: Carl Wilhelm

text: Der Zigeunerprimas

text: Jacob Fleck

text: Luise Fleck

text: Everyone Asks for Erika

text: Frederic Zelnik

text: Géza von Bolváry

text: Géza von Bolváry

text: The Theft of the Mona Lisa

text: My Wife, the Impostor

text: The Virtuous Sinner

text: Poor as a Church Mouse

text: Man Without a Name

text: Things Are Getting Better Already

text: Girls to Marry

text: Blog

text: Lost art Internet Database

categories: People from the Margraviate of Moravia,Austrian male writers,Jewish musicians,Murdered male comedians,Kabarettists,Jewish writers,Austrian Jews who died in the Holocaust,Weimar cabaret,Jewish actors,Austrian civilians killed in World War II,1880 births,Austrian people who died in Dachau concentration camp,Austrian expatriates in Germany,People from Brno,Austrian comedians,1941 deaths,Masters of Ceremonies

paragraph: Fritz Grünbaum

paragraph: Fritz Grünbaum (7 April 1880 in Brno, Moravia as Franz Friedrich Grünbaum – 14 January 1941 at the Dachau concentration camp, Germany) was an Austrian Jewish cabaret artist, operetta and pop song writer, director, actor and master of ceremonies.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: During his childhood and adolescence Grünbaum lived with his family in Brünn which were dealing in art. At an age of 18 years, he attended law school in Vienna which he concluded, in fact, as a doctor, but more and more he began to show interest for literature.

paragraph: After the law studies, he began as a master of ceremonies at Vienna Cabaret Die Hoelle, where he had his first performance in the operetta "Phryne" in 1906. From 1903 on he composed first libretti, among others with Robert Bodanzky and made his appearance as an actor in the most different minor parts on many Vienna Cellar Stages and Revue Theatres.

paragraph: Until the beginning of World War I (in which he enlisted himself as a voluntary in 1915) again and again he travelled to Berlin – the first time in 1907 in order to perform at "Chat Noir" – to act as master of ceremonies at Rudolf Nelson's theatres. In 1914, Grünbaum acted for the first time at Kabarett Simpl, the legendary Vienna Cabaret where he also acted time and again in the time to come. Together with Karl Farkas he developed in 1922 the so-called "Doppelconférence" originated from Hungary and presented at the "Budapester Orpheum" of Vienna, and led it to its highest spot.

paragraph: In fact, Grünbaum was described by acquaintances as an "adorable contemporary", but this fact did not impede him to slap an imperial and royal officer in 1910 at the "Hölle" restaurant when he proclaimed anti-Semitic slogans during the programme. After that, he continued with his performance. Later the officer challenged Grünbaum to a duel during which Grünbaum was injured. In 1914, Grünbaum was infected by the war frenzy and in 1914 he joined military service. In spring of 1916 he fought at the Italian front, but he returned disenchanted and from that time he attracted attention by pacifistic slogans.

paragraph: From 1926, Grünbaum was working at Vienna Bürgertheater. In 18 stage settings he and Karl Farkas had beautiful girls show their legs with the music of Egon Neumann in "Journal der Liebe" and Rita Georg parade in a breeches part. The guest performance of the Marischka revue which began on 1 October 1927 fully fit into this schema. Performance no. 430 of "Wien lacht wieder" took place. In thirty stage settings, Grünbaum and Karl Farkas (music by Ralph Benatzky) performed last year's pop song revue which had not lost its popularity with 120 players and 900 fancy dresses.

paragraph: He again and again commuted between Berlin and Vienna. In Berlin he acted in films and wrote pop songs, he wrote scripts, in Vienna he was working at different cabarets. In 1933, his texts became more political in Vienna. On the occasion of one of his last performances at Vienna's Cabaret Simpl during the programme of "Metro Grünbaum – Farkas tönende Wochenschau", he was still joking: "I see nothing, absolutely nothing, I think I got astray in national socialist culture."

paragraph: Section::::Last years and death.

paragraph: On 10 March 1938, the day German troops marched into the alpine republic, together with Karl Farkas he was acting for the last time in "Simplicissimus". After that, they were put under stage ban. The next day, he tried to flee to Czechoslovakia, but he and his wife were sent back at the border. He hid quite a while in Vienna, but then he was betrayed and transported to the Dachau concentration camp. Later he was taken to Buchenwald and subsequently returned to Dachau. He died at the Dachau concentration camp on 14 January 1941 after having acted for a last time on New Year's Eve for his fellow-sufferers. A star was dedicated to him on the cabaret Walk of Fame. He is buried at Vienna Central Cemetery, Old Israelite Part, Gate 1.

paragraph: Section::::Marriages.

paragraph: Fritz Grünbaum was married three times. After his first marriage with Karolina Nagelmüller (1908–1914), he married a colleague Mizzi Dressl and in 1919 he married Lilli Herzl with whom he stayed until her deportation to Minsk in 1942.

paragraph: Section::::Fritz Grünbaum´s art collection.

paragraph: During his lifetime, Fritz Grünbaum was a well-known art collector, especially of Austrian modernist art, whose artworks were featured in famous catalogues and exhibitions. His collection extended to over 400 pieces, 80 of them works by Egon Schiele (1890–1918). This collection disappeared during the Nazi period and 25% of the collection appeared on the art market in the early 1950s through Swiss art dealer Eberhard Kornfeld. The fate of the rest is unknown.

paragraph: Section::::Works (selection).

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Die Dollarprinzessin" (Operetta by Leo Fall, 1907, with A. M. Willner)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Dollar Princess" (Operetta by Leo Fall, 1909, with A. M. Willner, English adaptation by Basil Hood)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Der Liebeswalzer" (Operetta by Karl Michael Ziehrer, 1908, with Robert Bodanzky)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Der Zigeunerprimas" (Operetta by Emmerich Kálmán, 1912, with )

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Sturmidyll" (Comedy, 1914, with )

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Die Csikósbaroness" (Operetta by Georg Jarno, 1920)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Dorine und der Zufall" (Musical comedy by Jean Gilbert, 1922, with Wilhelm Sterk)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Traumexpress" (Operetta by , 1931, with Karl Farkas)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Die Schöpfung" (Cabaret)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Die Hölle im Himmel" (Cabaret)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Der leise Weise"

paragraph: Section::::Works (selection).:Lyrics.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Draußen in Schönbrunn"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ich hab das Fräuln Helen baden sehn"

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Rich, Young and Beautiful", directed by Fritz Freisler (1928, based on the musical comedy "Dorine und der Zufall")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Gypsy Chief", directed by Carl Wilhelm (1929, based on the operetta "Der Zigeunerprimas")

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Die Csikósbaroness", directed by Jacob Fleck and Luise Fleck (1930, based on the operetta "Die Csikósbaroness")

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.:Screenwriter.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Everyone Asks for Erika", directed by Frederic Zelnik (1931)

paragraph: BULLET::::- ", directed by Géza von Bolváry (1931)

paragraph: BULLET::::- ", directed by Géza von Bolváry (1932)

paragraph: Section::::Filmography.:Actor.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Theft of the Mona Lisa" (1931)

paragraph: BULLET::::- "My Wife, the Impostor" (1931), as Silbermann

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Virtuous Sinner" (1931), as Kalapka

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Poor as a Church Mouse" (1931), as Schünzl

paragraph: BULLET::::- " (1932)

paragraph: BULLET::::- " (1932), as Adolph Münzer

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Man Without a Name" (1932), as Erwin Gablinky

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Things Are Getting Better Already" (1932), as Justizrat Feldacker

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Girls to Marry" (1932), as Sigurd Bernstein

paragraph: Section::::Literature and Sources.

paragraph: Translated from , which lists as references:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Christoph Wagner-Trenkwitz und Marie-Theres Arnbom, Grüß mich Gott! Fritz Grünbaum 1880–1941, Brandstätter, 2005,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Walter Fritz: Im Kino erlebe ich die Welt – 100 Jahre Kino und Film in Österreich. Wien, 1996, S. 146,

paragraph: BULLET::::- Viktor Rotthaler: Frühling für Hitler. Dani Levys historische Vorbilder Frankfurter Rundschau, 13. 1. 2007, S. 15

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Das Cabaret ist mein Ruin" – 2 CDs (CD1: Chansons, Conferencen und Texte von (und mit) Fritz Grünbaum. CD2: Feature über Fritz Grünbaum von Volker Kühn), Ed. Mnemosyne, Verl. für Alte Hüte & Neue Medien, Neckargemünd/Wien, Februar 2005 –

paragraph: BULLET::::- Hans Veigl, "Entwürfe für ein Grünbaum-Monument. Fritz Grünbaum und das Wiener Kabarett", ÖKA, Graz/Wien, 2001 –

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fritz Grünbaum, "Hallo, hier Grünbaum!", Löcker Verlag, Wien/München, 2001 –

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fritz Grünbaum, "Die Schöpfung und andere Kabarettstücke. Mit einer kabarettistischen Vorrede von Georg Kreisler", Löcker Verlag, Wien/München, 1984 –

paragraph: BULLET::::- Fritz Grünbaum, Der leise Weise. Gedichte und Monologue aus dem Repertoire. Herausgegeben von Hans Veigl. Wien 1992 –

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ernst Federn, (1999): Fritz Grünbaums 60. Geburtstag im Konzentrationslager. In: Roland Kaufhold (Hg.) (1999): Ernst Federn: Versuche zur Psychologie des Terrors. Gießen (Psychosozial-Verlag), S. 95–97.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Blog about Fritz Gruenbaums looted Art collection

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Lost art Internet Database of the Koordinierungsstelle für Kulturgutverluste lists artworks known to be part of Gruenbaum's collection

description: Austrian cabaret artist

wikidata_label: Fritz Grünbaum

wikipedia_title: Fritz Grünbaum