text:
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Mayor
Grodno
Marshal
Smolensk Voivodeship
Mstsislaw
Zel’va
Moscow
Ivan the Terrible
Sigismund II Augustus
Wasilków
Podlasie
Podlasie Voivodeship
Eastern Orthodoxy
Calvinism
Catholic
Hieronim Wołłowicz
Rahachow

categories: 1535 births,Converts to Calvinism,Converts to Roman Catholicism from Calvinism,1577 deaths

paragraph: Grigory Bogdanovich Volovich

paragraph: Grigory Bogdanovich Volovich (born in 1535 – died in 1577) was a statesman of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, diplomat of the Lord's gentleman (from 1548), the Mayor of Grodno (1558–1566), Marshal of Dvorny (1560–1563), of the Lord's Stalker (1567–1574), governor of Smolensk Voivodeship (1571–1577), the elder of Mstsislaw (1548–1567), sovereign of Varniany and Zel’va (1558–1569).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Grigory Volovich was a representative of the Russian-Lithuanian noble family Volovichi with arms "Bogoria". He was son of Bogdan Volovich, whose father, Gregory Volovich, groom the Grand Duke of Lithuania (1459) and was the ancestor of the genus Volovichi. His sibling Ostafiia Bogdanovich was Chancellor of the Lithuanian (1579-1587). In 1563, Grigory was sent as ambassador to Moscow, to the court of Tsar Ivan the Terrible. Referred to as the auditor of forests and forests in 1559. By decree of Sigismund II Augustus he founded the city Wasilków (now Podlasie, in Podlasie Voivodeship, Poland). Volovich converted from Eastern Orthodoxy to Calvinism, and later became Catholic. Around 1564 he married Katherine Yurlevne, the widow of Prince Matthew Bogdanovich Oginski, Elder of Kovno. In this marriage was born Hieronim Wołłowicz, Lithuanian officer, Roman, elder of Rahachow and Pëtr, Chashnik Lithuanian.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Vyalіkae knyastva Lіtoўskae: Entsyklapedyya. At 3 tons / Red. GP Pashkoў i іnsh. (Belarusian)

paragraph: BULLET::::- I. Teslenko. Rodin clan Єrlichіv.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Анатоль Грыцкевіч, Вялікае Княства Літоўскае (encyclopedia)

paragraph: BULLET::::- Gregory Lemke. Lietuviškoji Soviet Encyclopedia, XII t. Vilnius: Science and Encyclopaedia Publishing Institute in 1984. T.XII: Vaislapėlis-Žvorūnė page 24.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The Golden Horde: The Encyclopedia. The 3 tons / red. GP Pasha and others.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://kamunikat.fontel.net/www/knizki/historia/sosna/dziedzictwo/dowspuda.htm

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://www.wasilkow.pl/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=17&Itemid=30&showall=1

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://polska.pl/polska/0,0.html

paragraph: BULLET::::- http://gimnazjum.sidra.bho.pl/miejscowosc.html

wikidata_label: Grigory Bogdanovich Volovich

wikipedia_title: Grigory Bogdanovich Volovich


text: American

text: skateboarder

text: Big Air

text: MegaRamp

text: X Games

categories: Sportspeople from California,1997 births,X Games athletes,American skateboarders

paragraph: Mitchie Brusco

paragraph: Mitchell "Mitchie" Brusco (born February 20, 1997) is an American professional skateboarder. In July 2011, Brusco became the third skateboarder to land a 900 in a Big Air contest. On May 17, 2013, he became the second skateboarder in history to successfully land a 1080 on the MegaRamp, the first to land the 1080 in the Big Air event at the X Games, and only the third person known to have ever performed the move. In 2018, at the big air competition at X Games Minneapolis, he landed his 2nd 1080 and earned his first X Games gold medal.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mitchie Brusco lands 1080 at 2013 X Games – VIDEO

description: American professional skateboarder

wikidata_label: Mitchie Brusco

wikipedia_title: Mitchie Brusco


href: Stoiceni Maramure%C8%99%20County Romania Baia%20Mare Cluj Shanghai Romanians Iran Syria Pakistan

text:
Stoiceni
Maramureș County
Romania
Baia Mare
Cluj
Shanghai
Romanian
Iran
Syria
Pakistan

paragraph: Grigore Leșe

paragraph: Grigore Leșe (born in 1954) is a Romanian musician.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Leşe was born in 1954 in Stoiceni village, Maramureș County in northern Romania. He graduated from the Music College in Baia Mare, followed by the Music Academy in Cluj.

paragraph: In 2003 he received a PhD in music, with the thesis "Horea în grumaz. Considerații teoretice și practice ale interpretării genului dintr-o perspectivă stilistică". From 2005 he is associated teacher of ethnomusicology at Bucharest University. One year later, in 2006, he started doing shows for the public national radio and the public national television, for which he was awarded with national and international prizes in journalism. In 2007 he received the great prize of the Romanian Association of Television Professionals (APTR), in 2009 the prize for cultural journalism awarded by Radio Romania, and in 2009 he was nominated at the International Shanghai Film and Television Festival.

paragraph: Grigore Leșe is the first Romanian musician that brought with him on the stage traditional artists from other cultures and countries such as Iran, Syria and Pakistan, with the purpose of demonstrating the relationship between old music in Romania and the East.

paragraph: His music was selected for a couple of feature films and documentaries from Romania and other countries such as "The Pharaoh", "Gunpowder", "Treason and Plot" (a BBC production) and "Wild Carpathia" ( a Travel Channel production).

paragraph: He was invited to perform worldwide at the most important festivals - in Washington, Bloomington, Paris, Berlin, Athens, Montreal, Basel, Morelia, Frankfurt, London.

paragraph: Section::::Discography.

paragraph: Leşe has recorded seven albums:

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1996, "Cântec pastoral", Amori Label, Lausanne

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2000–2003, "Cântece de cătănie și hori", Concert Society, Bistrița

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2005, "Horile vieții" and "Așteptând Crăciunul", Roton

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2009, "Grigore Leșe: Le chant de Lăpuș", OCORA Radio France, Paris

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011, "Grigore Leșe și aromânii fârșeroți din Cogealac", A&A Records

paragraph: BULLET::::- 2011, "De dragoste, de război, de moarte, de unul singur", Humanitas Multimedia

wikidata_label: Grigore Leșe

wikipedia_title: Grigore Leșe


text:
Láncara
Santiago de Compostela
Galicia
Galician Literature Day
Galicianism
Spanish Civil War
Galicianist Party
Socialist Party
saudade
referendum
Galician Statute of Autonomy

categories: 1915 births,People from Sarria (comarca),Galician nationalists,Galician-language writers,1990 deaths,Galician Literature Day,Galician writers

paragraph: Ramón Piñeiro López

paragraph: Ramón Piñeiro López (Láncara, 1915 - Santiago de Compostela, 1990) was a Spanish writer and politician who was active in Galicia. He was honored at the 2009 Galician Literature Day.

paragraph: Piñeiro studied literature and philosophy at the Universities of Santiago de Compostela and Madrid, but he never completed his studies. He was active in the underground independent movement of Galicia. In 1946, he traveled to Paris to meet the republican government that was in exile. He was arrested, and spent the next three years in prison.

paragraph: López was one of Galicia's historical figures in the 20th century, with a key role in continuing the Galicianism movement throughout the Spanish Civil War (for which reason he was imprisoned between 1946 and 1949).

paragraph: As an intellectual, he was one of the founders and first directors of the Galaxia publishing house and the Grial magazine.

paragraph: In politics, besides helping to form the "Mocidades Galeguistas" (Galicianist Youths), he was a member of the Galicianist Party. During Spain's democracy, he was also an independent deputy of the Parliament of Galicia, being listed with the Socialist Party (PSdeG-PSOE).

paragraph: His main goal was to try to strip Galicianism of its political component, and to center it on its cultural component (a trend which would be labeled "piñeirismo", named after him). In this regard, he appealed to the concept of "saudade", (a concept to which he devoted several studies throughout his life), and the landscape and mood as the foundation of Galician identity and Galician's cultural essence.

paragraph: Piñeiro conceived "saudade" as a feeling not aimed at anything specific, and unrelated to thought or will, which had been characterized as such by various Galician writers in the form of life or death instinct, as a feeling to overcome, etc. In his conception, contextualized by philosophical existentialism, "saudade" is a feeling of ontological loneliness, that is, a feeling derived from the singling out of the being.

paragraph: His written work is divided between work of a philosophical nature (with particular attention to the issue of "saudade", that he deals with from a Heideggerian existentialist perspective) and work with a linguistic and literary orientation (focusing on the problems of the Galician language's standardization process). He was also a pioneer in the translating works from other languages into Galician, among which was Heidegger's "On the Essence of Truth" (1956).

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He studied at the top high school in Lugo, where he joined the youth of the Galicianist Party, through which he participated in the provincial committee that worked on the referendum that decided the Galician Statute of Autonomy of 1936.

paragraph: After the Spanish Civil War (in which he had to join the rebellious side to avoid reprisals), he studied Philosophy and Letters in Santiago de Compostela.

description: Spanish politician and writer

wikidata_label: Ramón Piñeiro López

wikipedia_title: Ramón Piñeiro López


text:
Belarus
Underdog Chist

categories: FC Naftan Novopolotsk players,FC Vitebsk players,FC Baranovichi players,FC Smolevichi-STI players,Belarusian footballers,FC UAS Zhitkovichi players,FC Dinamo Minsk players,FC Chist players,1993 births,Association football midfielders,Living people,FC Bereza-2010 players,FC Slavia Mozyr players

paragraph: Syarhey Novik

paragraph: Siarhey Novik (; ; born 10 May 1993) is a Belarusian footballer playing currently for Underdog Chist.

description: Belarusian footballer

wikidata_label: Siarhey Novik

wikipedia_title: Syarhey Novik


text:
Liège
Belgian
Brussels Park
Belgian Revolution
Battle of Waterloo
Charles Rogier

categories: Belgian amputees,1886 deaths,People of the Belgian Revolution,French military personnel of the Napoleonic Wars,1794 births,People from Liège

paragraph: Jean-Joseph Charlier

paragraph: Jean-Joseph Charlier (4 April 1794 in Liège – 30 March 1886 in Liège) was a Belgian revolutionary, best known for his role on the barricades facing the Brussels Park during the Belgian Revolution. Charlier, who had lost his right leg at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815, became a well-known figure of the revolution, knicknamed "Wooden Leg" ().

paragraph: Charlier was one of the 250 volunteers from Liège led by Charles Rogier.

wikidata_label: Jean-Joseph Charlier

wikipedia_title: Jean-Joseph Charlier


text:
German
Germersheim
Palatinate
Heinrich Kirchner
Akademie der Bildenden Künste
Munich
Villa Massimo
Rome
Heimrad Prem
Helmut Sturm
Hans-Peter Zimmer
group SPUR
Situationist International
Ulm
Galerie van de Loo
Venice
Paris
Kassel
Amsterdam
Duisburg
Darmstadt
Wiesbaden
Munich
Milan
Berlin
Switzerland
Baierbrunn
Kunstpreis Rheinland-Pfalz

categories: 1933 births,2004 deaths,20th-century German sculptors,Academy of Fine Arts, Munich alumni,German male sculptors

paragraph: Lothar Fischer

paragraph: Lothar Fischer (November 8, 1933 – June 15, 2004) was a German sculptor.

paragraph: He was born in Germersheim, Palatinate. Between 1952 and 1958 he studied under Professor Heinrich Kirchner at the Akademie der Bildenden Künste, Munich. In 1958, he received a three-month scholarship to the Villa Massimo in Rome from the Arnold’sche Stiftung (Arnold’sche Foundation).

paragraph: After this he joined the painters Heimrad Prem, Helmut Sturm and Hans-Peter Zimmer in founding the group SPUR, which in 1959 entered the Situationist International. That year he participated in the "Junge Kunst" (Young Art) exhibition in Ulm.

paragraph: By 1962 the SPUR group had been expelled from the Situationist International. He participated in their exhibition at the Galerie van de Loo. The next year he was involved in "Visione e Colore" (Visions and Colours) in the Palazzo Grassi, Venice before joining other SPUR colleagues in the "Nouveaux Espaces" exhibition in Paris. He then had a single exhibition at the Gallery van de Loo.

paragraph: He was a member of the German Artists federation from 1963 to 1994. During the rest of the 1960s he continued to exhibit his work in Kassel, Amsterdam, Duisburg, Darmstadt and Wiesbaden. In 1971 he produced a sculpture for the city of Munich and another in 1972 for Darmstadt. Then in 1973 he had a solo exhibition in the Gallerie d'Arte del Naviglio, Milan.

paragraph: From 1975 to 1997 Fischer was professor at the University of the Arts, Berlin. He continued to exhibit mainly in Germany and Switzerland with one exhibition in New York in 1988 at the Stephen Haller Gallery. He lived and worked in Berlin and in Baierbrunn near Munich until the time of his death. Fischer was awarded the Kunstpreis Rheinland-Pfalz in 1990.

description: German sculptor

wikidata_label: Lothar Fischer

wikipedia_title: Lothar Fischer


text:
Theosophist
Central Legislative Assembly
British India
Bharat Ratna
Varanasi
Agarwal
Theosophical Society
Annie Besant
Theosophical Society Adyar
Jiddu Krishnamurti
Order of the Star in the East
Indian National Congress
Non-co-operation movement
Central Hindu School
Kashi Vidya Peeth
Sanskrit
Hindi
The Theosophist
The Theosophist
Pranava-Vada
short biography

categories: Banaras Hindu University people,19th-century Indian non-fiction writers,20th-century Indian educational theorists,Members of Central Legislative Assembly of India,Recipients of the Bharat Ratna,Scholars from Varanasi,19th-century Indian philosophers,20th-century Indian politicians,Indian male writers,19th-century male writers,Writers from Varanasi,Indian Theosophists,20th-century Indian philosophers,19th-century Indian politicians,Indian National Congress politicians from Uttar Pradesh,20th-century Indian non-fiction writers,1869 births,1958 deaths,Politicians from Varanasi,19th-century Indian educational theorists

paragraph: Bhagwan Das

paragraph: Bhagwan Das (12 January 1869 – 18 September 1958) was an Indian Theosophist and public figure. For a time he served in the Central Legislative Assembly of British India. He became allied with the Hindustani Culture Society and was active in opposing rioting as a form of protest. As an advocate for national freedom from the British rule, he was often in danger of reprisals from the Colonial government. He was awarded the Bharat Ratna in 1955.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: Born in Varanasi, India, in an Agarwal family, he graduated school to become a deputy in the collections bureau, and later left to continue his academic pursuits. Das joined the Theosophical Society in 1894 inspired by a speech by Annie Besant. After the 1895 split, he sided with the Theosophical Society Adyar. Within that society, he was an opponent of Jiddu Krishnamurti and his Order of the Star in the East organisation. Das joined the Indian National Congress during the Non-co-operation movement and was honoured with the Bharat Ratna in 1955.

paragraph: With Besant he formed a professional collaboration which led to the founding of the Central Hindu College, which became Central Hindu School. Das would later found the Kashi Vidya Peeth, a national university where he served as headmaster. Das was a scholar of Sanskrit, from which he added to the body of Hindi language. He wrote approximately 30 books, many of these in Sanskrit and Hindi.

paragraph: A prominent road in New Delhi, on which the Supreme Court of India is situated, is named after him and a colony is also named after his name in Sigra area of Varanasi 'Dr. Bhagwan Das Nagar.'

paragraph: In Banaras Hindu University, Law hostel is named after him (Dr.Bhagwan Das Hostel).The Indian Law Institute and office of the Bar Council of India is located on the road named after Dr. Bhagwan Das near Pragati Maidan in New Delhi.

paragraph: Section::::Works.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A concordance dictionary to The yoga-sutras of Patanjali". Kaashai, Benares 1938.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "A few Truths about Theosophy". in "The Theosophist", Adyar September 1889.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ancient solutions of modern problems". Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar 1933.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Ancient versus modern "scientific socialism", or, Theosophy and capitalism, fascism, communism". Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar 1934.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Annie Besant and the changing world". Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar 1934.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Communalism and its cure by theosophy, Or spiritual health, the only sure basis of material wealth". Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar 1934.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Eugenics, Ethics and Metaphysics". Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar 1930.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Indian ideals of women's education". Current Thought Press, Madras 1929.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Krishna, a study in the theory of Avataras". Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar 1924.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "My picture of free India". Indian Book Shop, Benares et al. 1944.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The central Hindu college and Mrs. Besant, the rise of the Alcyone cult". Divine Life Press, London 1913.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The dawn of another Renaissance". Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar 1931.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The essential Unity of all Religions". Theosophical Press, Wheaton 1939.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Ethico-Psychological Crux in Political Science and Art, or, Who Should be Legislators?". Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar 1931.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The fundamental idea of theosophy". Theosophist Office, Madras 1912.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The metaphysics and psychology of Theosophy". in "The Theosophist", Adyar 1916.  und

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The philosophy of non-co-operation and of spiritual-political swaraj". Tagore & Co., Madras 1922.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The psychology of conversion". Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar 1917.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The religion of theosophy". Theosophist Office, Madras 1911.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The science of peace, an attempt at an exposition of the first principles of the science of the self". Theosophical Publishing House, Benares et al. 1904.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The science of religion, or, Sanatana vaidika dharma, an attempt at an exposition of principles". Indian Book Shop, Benares 1948.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Science of Social Organization, or, The Laws of Manu in the Light of Atma Vidya". Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar 1935.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The science of social organisation, or, The laws of Manu in the light of Theosophy". Theosophist Office, Adyar 1910.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The science of the emotions". Theosophical Publishing House, Benares et al. 1908.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The spiritualisation of the science of politics by Brahma-vidya". Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar 1919.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The superphysics of the Great War". Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar 1916.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Pranava-Vada

paragraph: Section::::Literature.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Katherine Browning: "An epitome of the "science of the emotions", a summary of the work of Pandit Bhagavan Das". Theosophical Publishing House, London 1925.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- short biography (indianpost.com)

description: Indian Theosophist

enwikiquote_title: Bhagwan Das

wikidata_label: Bhagwan Das

wikipedia_title: Bhagwan Das


text:
Sufi
Muslim
saint
Lahore
Pakistan
Caliph
Umar ibn al-Khattab
Qadiri
Sufism
Dara Shikoh
Mughal
Shah Jahan
Bibi Jamal Khatun
Emir
Nawab
faqir
Jahangir
Persian
Deccan
rupee
dervish
Sikh
Guru Arjan Dev
Lahore
Mughals
Afghans
Sikh
Harmandir Sahib
Guru Arjan Dev
Islamic Calendar
Dara Shikoh
Mullah Shah Badakhshi
Mazar
Mian Mir on Chishti.ru
About Mian Mir's shrine
Mian Mir on AllAboutSikhs.com

categories: Lahore,People from Lahore,Punjab,1550s births,Indian people of Arab descent,1635 deaths,Punjabi poets,History of Sikhism,Indian Sufi saints

paragraph: Mian Mir

paragraph: Baba Sain Mir Mohammed Sahib (c. 1550 – 22 August 1635), popularly known as Mian Mir or Miyan Mir, was a famous Sufi Muslim saint who resided in Lahore, specifically in the town of "Dharampura" (in present-day Pakistan). He was a direct descendant of Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab. He belonged to the Qadiri order of Sufism. He is famous for being a spiritual instructor of Dara Shikoh, the eldest son of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. He is identified as the founder of the Mian Khel branch of the Qadiri order. His younger sister Bibi Jamal Khatun was a disciple of his and a notable Sufi saint in her own right.

paragraph: Section::::Mian Mir and Emperor Jahangir.

paragraph: Mian Mir was a friend of God-loving people and he would shun worldly, selfish men, greedy Emirs and ambitious Nawabs who ran after faqirs to get their blessings. To stop such people from coming to see him, Mian Mir posted his "mureeds" (disciples) at the gate of his house.

paragraph: Once, Jahangir, the Mughal emperor, with all his retinue came to pay homage to the great faqir. He came with all the pomp and show that befitted an emperor. Mian Mir's sentinels however, stopped the emperor at the gate and requested him to wait until their master had given permission to enter. Jahangir felt slighted. No one had ever dared delay or question his entry to any place in his kingdom. Yet he controlled his temper and composed himself. He waited for permission. After a while, he was ushered into Mian Mir's presence. Unable to hide his wounded vanity, Jahangir, as soon as he entered, told Mian Mir in Persian: "Ba dar-e-darvis darbane naa-bayd" ("On the doorstep of a faqir, there should be no sentry").

paragraph: The emperor was embarrassed and asked for forgiveness. Then, with folded hands, Jahangir requested Mian Mir to pray for the success of the campaign which he intended to launch for the conquest of the Deccan. Meanwhile, a poor man entered and, bowing his head to Mian Mir, made an offering of a rupee before him. The Sufi asked the devotee to pick up the rupee and give it to the poorest, neediest person in the audience. The devotee went from one dervish to another but none accepted the rupee. The devotee returned to Mian Mir with the rupee saying: "Master, none of the dervishes will accept the rupee. None is in need, it seems."

paragraph: Section::::Mian Mir and Sikhism.

paragraph: According to Sikh tradition, the Sikh guru Guru Arjan Dev met Mian Mir during their stay in Lahore. This tradition does not appear in the early Sikh literature, and is first mentioned in the 18th and 19th century chronicles. However, it may be possible that this tradition is historically true, and may have been suppressed during the earlier period because of Sikhs' conflicts with the Muslim Mughals and Afghans.

paragraph: Section::::Mian Mir and Sikhism.:Legend about foundation of Harmandir Sahib.

paragraph: According to "Tawarikh-i-Punjab" (1848), written by Ghulam Muhayy-ud-Din alias Bute Shah, Mian Mir laid the foundation of the Sikh shrine Harmandir Sahib (Golden Temple), at the request of Guru Arjan Dev. Although the earliest Sikh records state that the foundation stone was laid by Guru Arjan himself, the later Sikh records mention the legend that appears in "Tawarikh-i-Punjab". The legend is repeated in several European sources, beginning with "The Punjab Notes and Queries". Even the "Report Sri Darbar Sahib" (1929), published by the Harmandir Sahib temple authorities, have endorsed this account.

paragraph: However, this legend is unsubstantiated by historical evidence. "Sakinat al-aulia", a 17th century biography of Mian Mir compiled by Dara Shikoh, does not mention this account. It appears only in the later accounts, and may have been invented to strengthen the Sikh-Muslim relationship.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: After having lived a long life of piety and virtuosity, Mian Mir died on 22 August 1635 (7 Rabi' al-awwal, 1045 according to the Islamic Calendar). He was eighty-eight years old.

paragraph: His funeral oration was read by Mughal prince Dara Shikoh, who was a highly devoted disciple of the Saint.

paragraph: There is a hospital named after him in his hometown Lahore, called "Mian Mir Hospital".

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.:Tomb.

paragraph: He was buried at a place which was about a mile from Lahore near Alamganj, that is at the south-east of the city. Mian Mir's spiritual successor was Mullah Shah Badakhshi. Mian Mir's "Mazar" (Mausoleum) still attracts hundreds of devotees each day and he is revered by many Sikhs as well as Muslims. The tomb's architecture still remains quite intact to this day. His death anniversary ('Urs' in Urdu language) is observed there by his devotees every year.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mian Mir on Chishti.ru

paragraph: BULLET::::- About Mian Mir's shrine

paragraph: BULLET::::- Mian Mir on AllAboutSikhs.com

description: Sufi saint

wikidata_label: Mian Mir

wikipedia_title: Mian Mir


text: English nobleman

text: medieval

text: military leader

text: Sussex

text: England

text: Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel

text: Alice de Warenne

text: William de Warenne

text: John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey

text: Maud Marshal

text: Henry III of England

text: King Edward II

text: Isabel le Despenser

text: Hugh the Younger

text: Earldom of Arundel

text: Sussex

text: Welsh Marches

text: Constable of Portchester Castle

text: Justiciar of North Wales

text: High Sheriff of Caernarvonshire

text: Caernarfon Castle

text: Edward the Black Prince

text: Scotland

text: Second Wars of Scottish Independence

text: France

text: Hundred Years' War

text: Sluis

text: Battle of Sluys

text: siege of Tournai

text: Scottish Marches

text: lieutenant of Aquitaine

text: Admiral of the Western Fleet

text: Battle of Crécy

text: Roscoff

text: Earldom of Surrey

text: King Edward III

text: Havering-atte-Bower

text: Isabel le Despenser

text: Clement VI

text: Catherine Grandison

text: Mohuns Ottery

text: Carew Castle

text: lord of the manor

text: Moulsford

text: Beddington

text: Baron Carew

text: Earl of Totnes

text: Carew baronets

text: the 11th Earl of Oxford

text: Henry IV

text: John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford

text: Eleanor of Lancaster

text: Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster

text: Maud Chaworth

text: Isabella de Beauchamp

text: Richard FitzAlan, 4th Earl of Arundel

text: John FitzAlan, 1st Baron Arundel

text: Duke of Norfolk

text: Lady Mary, Duchess of Norfolk

text: Henry FitzAlan, 12th Earl of Arundel

text: John FitzAlan, 1st Baron Arundel

text: Thomas Arundel

text: Archbishop of Canterbury

text: Lady Joan FitzAlan

text: Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford

text: Henry V of England

text: Mary de Bohun

text: Lady Alice FitzAlan

text: Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent

text: Richard III

text: Elizabeth of York

text: Henry VII

text: Catherine Parr

text: Henry VIII

text: Lewes Priory

text: FitzAlan Chapel

text: Eleanor of Lancaster

text: Chichester Cathedral

text: An Arundel Tomb

text: Philip Larkin

text: An Arundel Tomb

text: Edward III

text: Edward the Black Prince

text: Admiral of the West

text: Battle of Crecy

text: Battle of Winchelsea

text: Battle of Sluys

categories: 1376 deaths,Earls of Arundel,1300s births,High Sheriffs of Caernarvonshire,14th-century English Navy personnel,14th-century English people,Burials at Lewes Priory,FitzAlan family,Earls of Surrey

paragraph: Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel

paragraph: Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel and 8th Earl of Surrey (c. 130624 January 1376) was an English nobleman and medieval military leader and distinguished admiral. Arundel was one of the wealthiest nobles, and most loyal noble retainer of the chivalric code that governed the reign of Edward III.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Richard was born in 1306 Sussex, England. FitzAlan was the eldest son of Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel, and his wife Alice de Warenne. His parents married in 1305, after his father had initially been fined for refusing to marry Alice in 1304; their betrothal had been arranged by Alice's grandfather the Earl of Surrey, his father's guardian. Arundel changed his mind after the Earl died, leaving Alice the heiress presumptive, and with her only brother married to a ten-year-old girl. His maternal grandparents were William de Warenne and Joan de Vere. William was the only son of John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey (himself son of Maud Marshal by her second marriage), and his wife Alice de Lusignan (died 1356), half-sister of Henry III of England.

paragraph: Section::::Civil career.

paragraph: Around 1321, FitzAlan's father allied with King Edward II's favourites, Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester and his namesake son, and Richard was married to Isabel le Despenser, daughter of Hugh the Younger. Fortune turned against the Despenser party, and on 17 November 1326, FitzAlan's father was executed, and he did not succeed to his father's estates or titles. However, political conditions had changed by 1330, and over the next few years Richard was gradually able to reacquire the Earldom of Arundel as well as the great estates his father had held in Sussex and in the Welsh Marches.

paragraph: Beyond this, in c. 1330 he was made Constable of Portchester Castle (until 1338), in 1334 Justiciar of North Wales (later his term in this office was made for life) and in 1339 High Sheriff of Caernarvonshire and Governor of Caernarfon Castle for life. He was one of the most trusted supporters of Edward the Black Prince in Wales.

paragraph: Despite his high offices in Wales, in the following decades Arundel spent much of his time fighting in Scotland (during the Second Wars of Scottish Independence) and France (during the Hundred Years' War). In 1337, Arundel was made joint commander of the English army in the north, and the next year he was made the sole commander. In September 1339 a French fleet appeared off Sluis, determined to make sail against Edward III's fleet. When eventually they put to sea on 2 October they were blown off course by a violent storm back to the Zet Zwijn roads. Edward met parliament, and they ordered a new fleet to granted provisions by the barons of the Cinque Ports, and commanded by the Admiral of the West, Lord Arundel. 70 ships from the west met at Portsmouth on March 26, 1340 to be commanded by their new admiral. The earl, granted the commission on 20 February 1340, was joined by fleets from the north and cinque ports. That summer he joined the king on flagship cog "Thomas", leaving port two days later on 22 June for Flanders. Arundel was a distinguished soldier, in July 1340 he fought at the Battle of Sluys, during which his heavily laden cog grappled with the Spanish fleet. Summoned by parliament on 13 July, he bore witness to the victory. By December 1342 Arundel had relinquished his post as admiral.

paragraph: But it appears he may have been at the siege of Tournai. After a short term as Warden of the Scottish Marches, he returned to the continent, where he fought in a number of campaigns, and was appointed joint lieutenant of Aquitaine in 1340. The successful conclusion of the Flanders campaign, in which Arundel saw little fighting encouraged the setting up of the Knights of the Round Table attended every Whitsun by 300 great knights. A former guardian of the Prince of Wales, Arundel was also a close friend of Edward III, and one of the four great earls - Derby, Salisbury, Warwick and himself. With Huntingdon and Sir Ralph Neville he was a Keeper of the Tower and guardian to the prince with a garrison of 20 men-at-arms and 50 archers. A royal councillor, he was expected to raise taxes, which had caused such consternation on 20 July 1338. The King's wars were not alway popular, but Arundel was a vital instrument of that policy. Despite the failure of the peace negotiations at Avignon in 1344, Edward was decided on protecting his Gascon subjects. In early 1345, Derby and Arundel sailed for Bordeaux as lieutenants of the duchy of Aquitaine, attempting to prevent Prince Jean's designs on the tenantry. In August 1346 Derby returned with an army of 2000 men; while Arundel was responsible for naval preparations.

paragraph: Section::::Naval and military service during the Hundred Years War.:Admiral of the West.

paragraph: On 23 February 1345 Arundel was made Admiral of the Western Fleet, perhaps for a second time, to continue the policy of arresting merchant ships, but two years later was again superseded. Arundel was one of the three principal English commanders at the Battle of Crécy, his experience vital to the outcome of the battle with Suffolk and the bishop of Durham in the rearguard. Throughout he was entrusted by the King as guardian of the young Prince Edward. Arundel's division was on the right side of the battle lines, flanked to the right with archers, and stakes to the front.

paragraph: He spent much of the following years on various military campaigns and diplomatic missions. The King himself and the entourage went to Winchilsea on 15 August 1350, set sail on the cog "Thomas" on the 28th, for the fleet to chase the Spaniard De la Cerda down wind, which they sighted the following day. The ships rammed, before the party escaped unhurt on another vessel. Overcome by much larger Spanish ships, the English could not grapple.

paragraph: In a campaign of 1375, at the end of his life, he destroyed the harbour of Roscoff. On days after the death of Edward III, a Castilian fleet raided the south coast of England, and returned again in August. Arundel's fleet had put into Cherbourg for supplies, but no sooner had it departed, than the port was blockaded; one squadron was left behind and captured. At the same time galleys harassed the coast of Cornwall.

paragraph: Section::::Great wealth.

paragraph: In 1347, he succeeded to the Earldom of Surrey (or Warenne), which even further increased his great wealth. He did not however use the additional title until after the death of the Dowager Countess of Surrey in 1361. He made very large loans to King Edward III but even so on his death left behind a great sum in hard cash.

paragraph: Section::::Marriages and children.

paragraph: He married twice:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Firstly, on 9 February 1321 at Havering-atte-Bower, to Isabel le Despenser (born 1312, living 1356, and may have died c. 1376–7). At that time, the future earl was either eight or fifteen, and his bride nine years old. Later he repudiated this bride, and was granted an annulment by Pope Clement VI in December 1344 on the grounds that he had been underage and unwilling. By this marriage, Richard and Isabel had one son (when Richard was either fourteen or twenty-one, and Isabel fifteen):

paragraph: BULLET::::- Sir Edmund de Arundel, knt (c. 13271376–1382), bastardized by the annulment. Edmund was nevertheless knighted, married at the age of twenty, in the summer of 1347, Sybil de Montacute, a younger daughter of William Montacute, 1st Earl of Salisbury and Catherine Grandison, whose elder sister Elizabeth was married to his maternal uncle, of whom it was said he arranged. Edmund protested his bastardization bitterly in 1347, but was apparently ignored. After his father's death in 1376, Edmund disputed his half-brother Richard's inheritance of the earldom and associated lands and titles in 1376 and apparently tried to claim the six manors allotted to his deceased mother. He was imprisoned in the Tower of London in 1377, and finally freed through the intervention of two of his brothers-in-law (his wife's brother John de Montacute and the second husband of Elizabeth de Montacute, Lady Le Despencer). They had three daughters who were his co-heiresses and who brought a failed suit in 1382 against their half-uncle the Earl:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Elizabeth (or Alice) de Arundel, who married Sir Leonard Carew (1343–1369) of Mohuns Ottery in Devon, feudal lord of Carew Castle in Pembrokeshire and lord of the manor of Moulsford in Berkshire. From Alice are descended all the members of the prominent and widespread Carew family, except Carew of Beddington in Surrey, descended from one of Sir Leonard's great-uncles. (See Baron Carew, Earl of Totnes, Carew baronets).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Philippa de Arundel (died 13 September 1399), who married (as his 2nd wife) Sir Richard Sergeaux, Knt, of Colquite, Cornwall. A Victorian historical novel ascribes the following five children to her: a) Richard, born 21 December 1376, and died childless, 24 June 1396; b) Elizabeth, born 1379, wife of Sir William Marny; c) Philippa, born 1381, wife of Robert Passele; d) Alice, born at Kilquyt, 1 September 1384, wife of Guy de Saint Albino; e) Joan, born 1393, died 21 February 1400. "Philippa became a widow, 30 September 1393, and died 13 September 1399."

paragraph: BULLET::::- Alice Sergeaux, later Countess of Oxford (c. 138618 May 1452), who married firstly Guy de St Aubyn of St. Erme, Cornwall, and secondly about 1406–7 (as his 2nd wife) the 11th Earl of Oxford and widower of Alice de Holand (dsp. 1406, niece of Henry IV), and was the mother of two sons by him

paragraph: BULLET::::- John de Vere, 12th Earl of Oxford

paragraph: BULLET::::- Robert de Vere, whose grandson, John, became the 15th Earl of Oxford.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Katherine de Arundel, who married Robert Deincourt.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Secondly on 5 April 1345 he married Eleanor of Lancaster, a young widow, the second youngest daughter and sixth child of Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster and Maud Chaworth. By Papal dispensation he was allowed to marry his first wife's first cousin by their common grandmother Isabella de Beauchamp. Eleanor was the widow of John de Beaumont, 2nd Lord Beaumont. The king, Edward III, himself a kinsman of both wives, attended this second marriage. By now, the Earl of Arundel had rebuilt the family wealth and was apparently a major financier of the Crown, and financial sweeteners may have been used to reconcile both the Church and the Crown. By this second marriage 5 February 1345, Richard and Eleanor had 3 sons and 3 surviving daughters:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Richard FitzAlan, 4th Earl of Arundel, who was his son and heir.

paragraph: BULLET::::- John FitzAlan, 1st Baron Arundel, 1st Baron Maltravers, who was a Marshall of England, and drowned in 1379. The current Duke of Norfolk descends from Lady Mary, Duchess of Norfolk, a daughter and co-heiress of Henry FitzAlan, 12th Earl of Arundel; being a descendant of John FitzAlan, 1st Baron Arundel.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Thomas Arundel, who became Archbishop of Canterbury

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Joan FitzAlan (13487 April 1419) who married Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Earl of Hereford. They were the maternal grandparents of Henry V of England through their daughter Mary de Bohun.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Alice FitzAlan (135017 March 1416), who married Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent, matrilinear brother of King a href="Richard%20II%20of%20England"Richard

paragraph: II. They were ancestors to Queen consorts Anne Neville (wife of King Richard III), Elizabeth of York (wife of King Henry VII), and Catherine Parr (wife of King Henry VIII).

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lady Eleanor Fitzalan (1356before 1366).

paragraph: Possible illegitimate offspring include:

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ranulph FitzAlan, born c. 1359, who married a lady named Juliana, last name unknown. Through them descended the Hungerfords, the St.Johns, and the Villiers including Barbara (formerly Palmer) Villiers the first of many mistresses of King Charles II.

paragraph: Section::::Death and legacy.

paragraph: Richard died on 24 January 1376 at Arundel Castle, aged either 70 or 63, and was buried in Lewes Priory. He wrote his will on 5 December 1375. In his will, he mentioned his three surviving sons by his second wife, his two surviving daughters Joan, Dowager Countess of Hereford and Alice, Countess of Kent, his grandchildren by his second son John, etc., but left out his bastardized eldest son Edmund. In his will Richard asked his heirs to be responsible for building the FitzAlan Chapel at Arundel Castle, which was duly erected by his successor.

paragraph: The memorial effigies depicting Richard FitzAlan and his second wife Eleanor of Lancaster in Chichester Cathedral are the subject of the poem "An Arundel Tomb" by Philip Larkin.

paragraph: FitzAlan died an incredibly wealthy man, despite his various loans to Edward III, leaving £60,000 in cash. He had been as astute in business, as he had in diplomatic politics. He was a cautious man, and wisely saved his estate for future generations.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "An Arundel Tomb"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Edward III"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Edward the Black Prince"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Admiral of the West"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Battle of Crecy"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Battle of Winchelsea"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Battle of Sluys"

paragraph: Section::::Notes.

paragraph: Section::::Notes.:References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Secondary sources

description: Earl of Arundel

wikidata_label: Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel

wikipedia_title: Richard Fitzalan, 3rd Earl of Arundel

wikipedia_title: Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel


text: Urdu

text: Urdu

text: Muslim League

text: Pakistan movement

text: Abbottabad

text: All-India Muslim League

text: Hazara

text: Syed Ahmad Barelvi

text: 1857 War of Independence

text: Kabul

text: Landi Kotal

text: Muhammad Ali Jinnah

text: Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman

text: nickname

text: Hindko

text: Russia

text: Afghanistan

text: India

text: Congress Party

text: Quaid-i-Azam

text: Muhammad Ali Jinnah

text: I.I. Chundrigar

text: Raja Ghazanfar Ali Khan

text: Syed Wajid Ali

text: Sardar Bahadur Khan

text: National Awami Party

text: Abbottabad

categories: All India Muslim League members,1903 births,People from Abbottabad,1981 deaths,Interior Ministers of Pakistan,Hindkowan people

paragraph: Jalal Baba

paragraph: Khan Jalaluddin Khan (Urdu: جلال الدین,a3 March 1901 – 21 January 1981), aka Jalal Baba (Urdu: جلال بابا), was a Muslim League stalwart and a Pakistan movement activist.

paragraph: Section::::Early life.

paragraph: Born in Abbottabad, Hazara, Jalaluddin started his career as a driver for the British, and rose to become a leading transporter. He joined the All-India Muslim League in 1935 and eventually became President of the Hazara branch of the Muslim League during the 1940s. The Muslim league gained strength of popularity in Hazara under his apt leadership. He was among the first ones to renounce his titles given by the British in 1946 and was widely regarded as the "Winner of Referendum" in 1947.

paragraph: Jalal Baba came from a middle-class background, but was interested in politics from a young age. After joining the Muslim League, he contributed to its progress and became its District President in 1940. His father Sheikh Ghulam Mohammad was a black smith who had migrated to this part of undivided India in the band of Mujahedeen under the banner of Syed Ahmad Barelvi before the 1857 War of Independence. Jalal-ud-din was brought up in a middle-class family of Abbottabad. Before matriculation he left his school in 1919, and joined the 'Hijrat Movement' and left for Kabul, Afghanistan. But his father brought him back from Landi Kotal when the movement was called off.

paragraph: Section::::Political career.

paragraph: Jalal Baba had a prominent position among the Muslim League workers who offered the founder of Pakistan Muhammad Ali Jinnah sincere support and remained loyal to him till the end of Pakistan movement.

paragraph: Jalal Baba was among the first ones to initiate the 'Direct Action' in the struggle for Pakistan by moving a resolution in the All-India Muslim League meeting in July 1946, recommending the renunciation of titles, conferred by the British Government.

paragraph: Again when in July 1947, the Muslim League launched the civil disobedience movement, Jalal Baba was among the first ones to court arrest from Hazara followed by others in such large numbers that the jails were filled to capacity with the political internees. He was released from jail only after the declaration of independence and the establishment of Pakistan on 14 August 1947.

paragraph: It was not before the late 1930s that Jalal Baba had established himself as a recognized businessman and a social worker of Hazara. Now he could afford to enter the field of politics. Jalal Baba joined the Muslim League in 1937, at Abbottabad in the first public meeting held at the Company Bagh, while Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman accompanied by Saadullah Khan was presiding over the meeting. His political efforts led to his nickname 'Jalal Baba' (which means an elder, wise man or expert in the local Hindko language ) and he was elected Hazara District President in 1940. He held the office for almost 21 years.

paragraph: Jalal Baba, by now an eminent figure in the provincial political circles, raised his voice at the most crucial juncture. The reorganization of the Muslim League resulted in a big change in the political ranks of British Indians. The seeds of the Hazara branch of Muslim League were sown by him. He further nourished it. After joining the Muslim League, he emerged as the league’s leader in Hazara. He held the office as unopposed president for twenty one years. The Hazara Muslim League acquired great strength and popularity under his leadership. He had also been the vice-president of the Provincial Muslim League and a member of the All-India Muslim League Council.

paragraph: When the British Government conferred titles on Jalal Baba, the Muslim League was in the initial stages of taking root in the N.W.F.P Province. In view of his personal influence in his native Abbottabad area, the Muslim League leaders assigned Jalal Baba the task of its organization there. He received support and co-operation from the middle and lower middle-class people who then comprised the majority of local population, as he himself had belonged to them. People gathered around him and turned his transport office into a political office. From all over Hazara, the Muslim League workers used to visit him in order to receive his directives on organizational matters.

paragraph: Section::::Referendum in NWFP.

paragraph: Jalal-ud-Din Khan’s services during the Pakistan movement were too numerous to be recounted. He staked all his belongings for the achievement of Pakistan. After the Direct Action of 1946, the movement for Pakistan entered a crucial stage. In NWFP, the Red Shirt Leaders were blowing their own trumpet. They raised the "Pukhtoonistan" slogan, backed by Russia, Afghanistan and India. NWFP was the stronghold of the Congress Party and it had also gained some influence locally after the 1946 provincial elections. So it started creating some trouble regarding the future of the Muslims of this Province. In order to decide whether NWFP should form part of the dominion of India or Pakistan, a referendum was held by the British government.

paragraph: On 18 June 1947, Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah set up a Commission to see that the cause of the Muslim League was upheld successfully in the upcoming Referendum. He himself was the Chairman of the Commission. The other members of the Commission were I.I. Chundrigar, Raja Ghazanfar Ali Khan, Syed Wajid Ali, Jalal-ud-Din Khan Jalal Baba, Raja Haider Zaman and Sardar Bahadur Khan. The Referendum lasted from 6 July 1947 to 17 July 1947. Jalal Baba worked from dawn to dusk for the Referendum, provided funds and, being a transporter and transport contractor, used his transport for this purpose.

paragraph: In NWFP, 90 per cent of the votes cast were polled in favor of Pakistan. However, the Red Shirt Party (later named National Awami Party) boycotted the referendum. From Hazara alone, 99% of the Muslim votes were cast in favor of Pakistan. Thirty percent of the total votes polled were from Hazara.

paragraph: Inayat-ur-Rahman Khan Abbasi quoted:

paragraph: "Khan Bahadur Jalal-ud-Din Khan was undoubtedly an organization in himself. Keeping in view his loyalty and services towards the country and the nation he deserved to be buried near Quaid-i-Azam’s Tomb. He was a veteran leader of the sub-continent in general and of NWFP in particular. It is not wrong to call him the Winner of the Referendum".

paragraph: Section::::Jalal Baba auditorium.

paragraph: In Abbottabad, Pakistan, there is a 'Jalal Baba Auditorium' spanning an area of 8.75 acres, built with a cost of Rs27.5 million, in recognition of his services to Pakistan. This auditorium has a seating capacity of 500 to 700 people.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Discussion videoclip about Jalal Baba on Geo News Khabarnak TV show - YouTube

description: Pakistani politician and businessman/public transport service

wikidata_label: Jalal-ud-din Jalal Baba

wikipedia_title: Jalal Baba


text:
1978 World Aquatics Championships
1977 European Aquatics Championships

categories: German female swimmers,European Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming,World Aquatics Championships medalists,Female breaststroke swimmers,Living people,Year of birth missing (living people)

paragraph: Ramona Reinke

paragraph: Ramona Reinke is a retired German swimmer who won a silver medal in the 4 × 100 m medley relay at the 1978 World Aquatics Championships and a bronze medal in the 100 m breaststroke at the 1977 European Aquatics Championships. Between 1977 and 1978 she won three national titles in the 100 m and 200 m breaststroke.

description: swimmer

wikidata_label: Ramona Reinke

wikipedia_title: Ramona Reinke


text:
high jump
1964
1968 Summer Olympics
SC DHfK Leipzig
SC Leipzig
shot put
Sabina Schulze
1988 Summer Olympics

categories: Olympic athletes of the United Team of Germany,SC DHfK Leipzig athletes,People from Wernigerode,SC Leipzig athletes,Olympic athletes of East Germany,1944 births,East German female high jumpers,Athletes (track and field) at the 1968 Summer Olympics,Athletes (track and field) at the 1964 Summer Olympics,Living people

paragraph: Karin Rüger-Schulze

paragraph: Karin Rüger-Schulze (born 1 April 1944) is a retired German track and field athlete who specialized in high jump. She competed in the 1964 and 1968 Summer Olympics and managed to finish ninth and seventh, respectively.

paragraph: At the East German championships she won bronze medals in 1964 and 1965 and the silver in 1968. She also became East German indoor champion in 1964 and 1971. She competed for the sports clubs SC DHfK Leipzig and SC Leipzig.

paragraph: Between 1965 and 1968 she married Jens Schulze, also a competitive high jumper, and changer her name from Rüger to Rüger-Schulze. They had three children, all athletes: Thomas specialized in shot put, whereas Michael and Sabina Schulze became swimmers. Sabina won a gold medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics.

description: high jumper

wikidata_label: Karin Rüger-Schulze

wikipedia_title: Karin Rüger-Schulze


text:
German
footballer
Forward
Midfielder
Erzgebirge Aue
DDR-Oberliga
East Germany

categories: German footballers,East Germany international footballers,DDR-Oberliga players,East German footballers,1956 births,Association football forwards,Living people

paragraph: Harald Mothes

paragraph: Harald Mothes (born November 28, 1956) is a retired German footballer who played as Forward or Midfielder.

paragraph: He played over 300 games for Erzgebirge Aue in the DDR-Oberliga. Mothes also won one cap for East Germany.

description: German footballer

wikidata_label: Harald Mothes

wikipedia_title: Harald Mothes


text:
entomologist
Ploskirów
Podolia
Russian Empire
Ukraine
emigrating
Mandate Palestine
Berlin
Germany
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Israel Kligler
malaria
Jezreel Valley
Hadera
IDF
Israel Ministry of Health
Israel Prize
List of Israel Prize recipients

categories: Israeli Jews,Hebrew University of Jerusalem alumni,1897 births,Ukrainian Jews,1993 deaths,Israeli entomologists,Jews in Mandatory Palestine,Israel Prize in medicine recipients

image: 512px-צבי_סליטרניק_מקבל_פרס_ישראל_1962_צלם_יהודה_איזנשטרק_גנזך_המדינה.jpg

paragraph: Zvi Sliternik

paragraph: Zvi Saliternik (; born 16 May 1897, died 1994) was an Israeli entomologist.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Sliternik was born in 1897 in Ploskirów, in the Podolia region of Russian Empire (now known as Khmelnytskyi, in Ukraine). He began studying medicine in Russia, but did not complete his studies before emigrating in 1919 to Mandate Palestine. There he met Shoshanah Lissauer, a Jewish tourist volunteer from Berlin, Germany, whom he married in 1929.

paragraph: He returned to his studies, studying biology at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. In 1946, he received a doctorate.

paragraph: Sliternik began his entomology work in 1921, as a member of a small unit headed by Dr. Israel Kligler, to develop inexpensive and efficient methods of fighting malaria, which ultimately resulted in the total eradication of malaria in 1962.

paragraph: He was appointed regional supervisor for the elimination of malaria in the Jezreel Valley and supervised the draining of the marshes in the vicinity of Hadera, as well as additional areas throughout the country. Sliternik served as director of entomological service in the IDF in 1948 and was subsequently director of the entomological department in the Israel Ministry of Health from 1949 to 1962.

paragraph: Section::::Awards.

paragraph: BULLET::::- In 1962, Sliternik was awarded the Israel Prize, in medicine, for his work on the eradication of malaria in Israel.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of Israel Prize recipients

url: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/צבי_סליטרניק_מקבל_פרס_ישראל_1962_צלם_יהודה_איזנשטרק_גנזך_המדינה.jpg

description: Israeli entomologist

wikidata_label: Zvi Sliternik

wikipedia_title: Zvi Sliternik


text: pickpocket

text: lady's maid

text: seamstress

text: deportation

text: Virginia

text: John Gay

text: The Beggar's Opera

text: Pirate Jenny

text: The Threepenny Opera

text: Hauptmann

text: Brecht

text: Weill

text: Alan Moore

text: graphic novel

text: song of the same name

text: Captain Nemo

text: Anglicization

text: free diving

categories: 1700 births,1741 deaths,Executed Irish people,1741 crimes,English criminals,People executed for theft,Executed English people,People executed by the Kingdom of Great Britain,People executed by England and Wales by hanging,Pickpockets,18th-century British women,Executed English women

paragraph: Jenny Diver

paragraph: Jenny Diver, née Mary Young (1700 – 18 March 1741) was a notorious British pickpocket, one of the most famous of her day.

paragraph: Born around 1700 in Ireland, Diver was the illegitimate daughter of an unknown father and the lady's maid Harriet Jones. After her mother deserted her, Diver grew up in various foster homes. She was a skilled seamstress, and eventually emigrated to London, where she became an apprentice of Anne Murphy, who was the leader of a gang of pickpockets. She soon became so skilled as a thief that she became the leader of Murphy's gang and nicknamed Jenny Diver.

paragraph: Jenny Diver was described as attractive, educated and well dressed, and was able to mix among wealthy people without attracting suspicion. Perhaps the best known of her methods was to feign illness, during which she robbed people and handed over the objects to her accomplices. She would also use false arms which made it possible for her rob people with her arms seemingly visible in her lap.

paragraph: On two occasions, in 1733 and 1738, Diver was arrested, gave the court a false name with no criminal record, and was convicted to deportation as a first-time criminal. On both occasions, she bribed the captain on the prison ship to allow her a comfortable travel with her property, bribed the governor in Virginia to relieve her of her sentence, and bribed the captain to take her back to London again. On 10 January 1741, she was arrested for the third time, but this time she was correctly identified and could not give a false name. She was apprehended with one accomplice, Elizabeth Davies, while trying to steal the purse from the pocket of a woman whom a male accomplice offered to help over a pool of water (the man managed to escape).

paragraph: Jenny Diver defended both herself and Davies by character witnesses. She was accused not only of theft but also of having returned after deportation, which was a capital crime. Both were sentenced to death, claimed without success to be pregnant, but while Davies was deported, Diver's sentence was not commuted. Due to her notoriety as a famous criminal, she was taken to her execution in a mourning carriage. She was executed with 19 other condemned, but she was the only one taken there separately. She was dressed in a black dress and hat with veil, and reportedly behaved with composure.

paragraph: Section::::Legacy.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Diver was the inspiration for the role of the same name in John Gay's 1728 "The Beggar's Opera" and then for Pirate Jenny in the 1928 "The Threepenny Opera" by Hauptmann/Brecht/Weill.

paragraph: BULLET::::- The first chapter of Alan Moore's graphic novel "", "What Keeps Mankind Alive?" (a reference to the song of the same name in "The Threepenny Opera"), features a character named Janni Dakkar, the daughter of Captain Nemo, who abandons her father's island base and makes her way to England, adopting the alias "Jenny Diver" (the first word being an Anglicization of her Indian name, and the second referring to her aptitude for swimming and free diving). In the climax of the chapter, two characters sing "Pirate Jenny" as the crew of the "Nautilus" pillage London's docks under Janni/Jenny's direction.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- "1741: Jenny Diver, a Bobby Darin lyric?", 18 March 2009, executedtoday.com

description: British pickpocket

wikidata_label: Jenny Diver

wikipedia_title: Jenny Diver


href: Montreal Quebec Canadians MusiquePlus MusiMax MuchMusic MuchMoreMusic TQS Morocco Spain Jew

text: Montreal Quebec Canadian MusiquePlus MusiMax MuchMusic MuchMoreMusic TQS Morocco Spain Jew

categories: 1960 births,Canadian television talk show hosts,21st-century Sephardi Jews,Canadian people of Moroccan-Jewish descent,Jewish Canadian actresses,Actresses from Montreal,20th-century Sephardi Jews,Canadian people of Spanish descent,Living people

paragraph: Sonia Benezra

paragraph: Sonia Benezra (born September 25, 1960 in Montreal, Quebec) is a Canadian TV and radio interviewer and personality and actress who formerly hosted shows on MusiquePlus, MusiMax, MuchMusic and MuchMoreMusic. She hosted a daily live talk show on the French-language TQS television, also open to English-speaking entertainment figures, for five seasons.

paragraph: Benezra was born in Montreal, her mother from Morocco and her father from Spain. She was raised as a Jew.

description: Canadian television presenter

wikidata_label: Sonia Benezra

wikipedia_title: Sonia Benezra


text:
Ibn Tumart
Almohads
pawn
Senhaja
Classical Arabic
Berber language

categories: 12th-century Moroccan writers,People from the Almohad Caliphate,12th-century Berber people,Berber Moroccans,Sanhaja,Moroccan writers,Berber writers,Berber historians,Moroccan historians,Moroccan autobiographers,People from Tinmel

paragraph: Mohammed al-Baydhaq

paragraph: Mohammed abu Bakr ibn Ali al Sanhaji al-Baydhaq (died after 1164) was a companion of Ibn Tumart and chronicler of the Almohads. Al-Baydhaq (meaning pawn) was his nickname, because he was small in stature. He was from the tribe of Senhaja.

paragraph: The title of his main work is: "Al moqtabass min kitabi al anssab fi maärifati al ashab" (written ca. 1150). It is the most important source on the period. Written in Classical Arabic, Berber words, names and sayings are used throughout the text, making it an important work for scholars of the medieval Berber language.

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Akhbār al-Mahdī Ibn Tūmart wa-bidāyat dawlat al-Muwaḥḥidīn (or. text in Arabic) ed. Al-Ribā, 1971

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ed. in Algeria as: "Kitāb Akhbār al-Mahdī ibn Tūmart" (Algiers: al-Mu’assasa al-Waṭaniyya li-l-Kitāb, 1982)

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Al kindi catalogue

paragraph: BULLET::::- An annotated guide to Arabic autobiographical writings (ninth to nineteenth centuries c.e.)

description: Moroccan historian

wikidata_label: Mohammed al-Baydhaq

wikipedia_title: Mohammed al-Baydhaq


text:
Kikuchi Yōsai
Ogata Kōrin
Ernest Fenellosa
Okakura Kakuzō
First Sino-Japanese War
World's Columbian Exposition
Louisiana Purchase Exposition
Exposition Universelle
Japan-British Exhibition
Japan Art Association
Emperor Meiji
Ushigome
Kōgyo Tsukioka
Yoshitoshi
Kikuchi Yōsai
Hokusai
Mount Fuji
nihonga
First Sino-Japanese War
OCLC 229891974
OCLC 046354614
OCLC 033798610
War artist
Keene, Donald
OCLC 249920897
Lane, Richard
OCLC 5246796
Harvard University Press
OCLC 48943301
Ogata Gekkō Meiji Master
Works at Shogun Gallery
YosaiSchool Ryozanpaku

categories: 1920 deaths,20th-century Japanese painters,Ukiyo-e artists,19th-century Japanese painters,1859 births

paragraph: Ogata Gekkō

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: He was born as Nakagami Shōnosuke (名鏡 正之助) in Kyōbashi Yazaemon-chō in Edo (modern Tokyo) in 1859. His father, tradesman Nakagami Seijirō (名鏡 清次郎), died in 1876, and Gekkō took to work in a lantern shop in Kyōbashi Yumi-chō.

paragraph: Gekkō was self-taught in art, and began decorating porcelain and rickshaws, and designing flyers for the pleasure quarters. His early style shows the influence of the painter Kikuchi Yōsai. About 1881 he took the surname Ogata at the insistence of a descendant of the painter Ogata Kōrin. He soon was designing prints and illustrating books and newspapers. In 1885 Gekkō exhibited in the Painting Appreciation Society, and he became acquainted with the art scholars Ernest Fenellosa and Okakura Kakuzō.

paragraph: In 1886 Gekkō produced the print series "Gekkō Zuihitsu" (, ""Gekkō’s Random Sketches""). In 1888, he married an art student of his, Tai Kiku—his second marriage—and changed his family name to Tai. He was a judge in the , which he helped found in 1891. The First Sino-Japanese War was the subject of a number of triptychs he designed in 1894–95.

paragraph: From the 1890s Gekkō won a number of art prizes, both national and international. He was one of the earliest Japanese artists to win international attention. At the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893 he won a prize for ' (, ""Edo’s Sannō Festival""), and in 1904 he won the Gold Prize for the series ' (, ""One Hundred Views of Mount Fuji"") at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. His work was exhibited at the Exposition Universelle in Paris in 1900 and at the Japan-British Exhibition in London in 1910. In 1898 at the Japan Art Association, Emperor Meiji bought his painting "" (, ""Night Attack of the Soga""). He won third prize at the sixth in 1912.

paragraph: Gekkō died on 1 October 1920 in Shin-Ogawamachi in Ushigome Ward of Tokyo at age 61. His art names include Kagyōrō, Meikyōsai, Kiyū, and Rōsai. He had few students, the best-known of whom was Kōgyo Tsukioka, the adopted son of Yoshitoshi.

paragraph: Section::::Style.

paragraph: His work was originally closely based upon that of Kikuchi Yōsai; and he was inspired by Hokusai, creating a series of one hundred prints of Mount Fuji. However, he did develop his own style, with significant stylistic elements from "nihonga".

paragraph: Gekkō was among the artists whose artwork informed the Japanese populace about the progress of naval and land war known today as the First Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895. A number of Gekko's war images were published in "Seishin Bidan" by Yokoyama Ryohachi.

paragraph: An impression of the Haiyang Island (Kaiyoto) Naval Battle in 1894 was prepared in a large-scale quadruptich format.

paragraph: Among the widely circulated Sino-Japanese tryptich images of the war which were created by Gekkō include:

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Japanese Officers and Soldiers Fight Bravely at Fenghuangcheng"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Japanese First Army Advances Toward Mukden"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "The Japanese Navy Victorious Off Takushan"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Captain Osawa and Six Others From the Warship Yaeyama Close in on Yungcheng Bay"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Presenting a Portentous Eagle to the Emperor"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Popular Viewing of the Captured Chinese Warship Chenyuen"

paragraph: BULLET::::- "Japanese and Chinese Dignitaries Accomplish Their Missions in Successfully Concluding a Peace Treaty"

paragraph: Section::::Selected works.

paragraph: Ogata Gekkō's published work encompasses 46 works in 48 publications in 2 languages and 68 library holdings.

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1905 – 夢の三郎 ("Yume no Saburō") OCLC 229891974

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1898 – 月耕画圃 ("Gekkō gaho")

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1895 – 以呂波引月耕漫画 ("Irohabiki Gekkō manga") OCLC 046354614

paragraph: BULLET::::- 1885 – 新說小簾の月 ("Shinsetsu osu no tsuki") OCLC 033798610

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- War artist

paragraph: Section::::References.

paragraph: Section::::References.:Works cited.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Keene, Donald; Anne Nishimura Morse; Frederic A Sharf and Louise E Virgin. (2001). "Japan at the Dawn of the Modern Age: Woodblock Prints from the Meiji Era, 1868–1912". Boston: Museum of Fine Arts. ; ; OCLC 249920897

paragraph: BULLET::::- Lane, Richard. (1978). "Images from the Floating World, The Japanese Print". Oxford: Oxford University Press. ; OCLC 5246796

paragraph: BULLET::::- Nussbaum, Louis Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). "Ogata Gekkō" in "Japan Encyclopedia". Cambridge: Harvard University Press. ; OCLC 48943301

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Ogata Gekkō Meiji Master

paragraph: BULLET::::- https://ukiyo-e.org/artist/ogata-gekko

paragraph: BULLET::::- Works at Shogun Gallery

paragraph: BULLET::::- YosaiSchool Ryozanpaku

alias:
Ogata Gekko
Gekko Ogata
Nagami Masanosuke
Ogata Gekkou

description: Japanese artist

wikidata_label: Ogata Gekkō

wikipedia_title: Ogata Gekkō


text:
Archbishop of Milan
Saint
Catholic Church
Ennodius
Pavia
Tigris
Mesopotamia
Shapur II
Syria
Pope Innocent I
Milan
Visigoths
Antioch
Babylas of Antioch
Romanus of Caesarea
San Babila
Church of Saint Nazarius and Celsus

categories: Archbishops of Milan,5th-century Christian saints,423 deaths,Italian saints

paragraph: Marolus

paragraph: Marolus () was Archbishop of Milan from 408 to 423. He is honoured as a Saint in the Catholic Church and his feast day is April 23.

paragraph: Section::::Life.

paragraph: According to the writings of Ennodius, bishop of Pavia in early 6th-century, Marolus was born on the banks of the Tigris in Mesopotamia. Probably due to the persecutions by Shapur II, Marolus moved before 380 to Syria where he grew up. He later moved to Rome, where he became friend of Pope Innocent I, and finally to Milan, where he became the bishop in 408.

paragraph: Marolus was the bishop of Milan during an invasion of Italy by the Visigoths and he helped the victims of the invasion. He probably took in Milan from Antioch the relics of saints Babylas of Antioch and Romanus of Caesarea, and he founded a church in Milan known as Basilica "Concilia Sanctorum" or church of San Romano, today no more extant, near the present church of San Babila.

paragraph: Marolus died on April 23, 423, and he was buried in the Church of Saint Nazarius and Celsus in Milan.

description: Archbishop of Milan

wikidata_label: Marolus

wikipedia_title: Marolus


text: veteran

text: First World War

text: Austro-Hungarian Empire

text: Ottoman

text: Yakup Satar

text: Central Powers

text: Kingdom of Hungary

text: Măureni

text: Banat Swabian

text: Austro-Hungarian Army

text: Szeged

text: field artillery

text: Italian Front

text: Piave River

text: fought against the communists

text: Second World War

text: Ukraine

text: World War II

text: Niederstetten

text: Baden-Württemberg

text: Germany

text: expelled from Hungary

text: ethnic German

text: Hungarian

text: intestinal

text: Bad Mergentheim

text: Hungary

categories: 2008 deaths,German military personnel of World War II,1900 births,Hungarian military personnel of World War II,Banat Swabians,Austro-Hungarian military personnel of World War I,Danube-Swabian people,Naturalized citizens of Germany,German centenarians

paragraph: Franz Künstler

paragraph: Franz Künstler (, 24 July 1900 – 27 May 2008) was, at age 107, the last known surviving veteran of the First World War who fought for the Austro-Hungarian Empire. Following the death of 110-year-old Ottoman veteran Yakup Satar on 2 April 2008, he was also the last Central Powers veteran of any nationality. He was born in Sósd, in the Kingdom of Hungary, now Măureni, Romania.

paragraph: A Banat Swabian, Künstler enlisted the Austro-Hungarian Army at Szeged in February 1918 in a field artillery regiment ("HFKR 5. k.u. Feldkanonen-Regiment/ - 5. honvéd tábori ágyúsezred"). He saw combat on the Italian Front on the Piave River. Following the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, he fought against the communists in Hungary, and was a soldier until 1921. During the Second World War, he served six months in 1942 as a mobile courier in Ukraine.

paragraph: Following World War II, Künstler lived in Niederstetten, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, and worked as a guide in a museum. He had been expelled from Hungary by the communist government, as had many other ethnic Germans.

paragraph: Asked about his nationality, Künstler said he always felt connected to the German nation and saw himself as a German. He was a Hungarian citizen until 1946, when he obtained German citizenship. In an interview given at the age of 107 to an Austrian magazine, Künstler was asked about "the most important thing in life". He answered: "I was a handsome man and had many women. But more important is to have a good wife, with whom one can share one's life."

paragraph: With the February 2008 death of 107-year-old Georg Thalhofer, who had been physically unfit for World War I service, Franz Künstler became the oldest living man in Germany. He died of complications from intestinal surgery in Bad Mergentheim after having fallen while visiting his native Hungary.

paragraph: Section::::See also.

paragraph: BULLET::::- List of last surviving World War I veterans by country

description: German centenarian, Austro-Hungarian military personnel of World War I

wikidata_label: Franz Künstler

wikipedia_title: Franz Künstler


text: Catholic church

text: Holy See

text: cardinal

text: Pope Benedict XVI

text: Turin

text: Ardeatine massacre

text: Rome

text: Erich Priebke

text: Luca di Montezemolo

text: Ferrari

text: FIAT

text: Alitalia

text: Pontifical Gregorian University

text: Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy

text: Pontifical Lateran University

text: Roman Curia

text: Titular Archbishop of Pandosia

text: Papua New Guinea

text: Apostolic Delegate

text: Solomon Islands

text: Nicaragua

text: Honduras

text: Uruguay

text: Jerusalem

text: Palestine

text: Cyprus

text: Order of Merit of the Italian Republic

text: Italy

text: San Marino

text: coat of arms of Pope Benedict XVI

text: Archpriest

text: Pope Benedict XVI

text: consistory

text: Cardinal-Deacon

text: Santa Maria in Portico

text: conclave

text: Francesco Monterisi

text: coat of arms

text: Pope Francis

text: Catholic Pages

categories: Apostolic Nuncios to Cyprus,Apostolic Nuncios to the Solomon Islands,Knights Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic,Apostolic Nuncios to Nicaragua,Apostolic Nuncios to Papua New Guinea,Apostolic Nuncios to Uruguay,Apostolic Nuncios to Italy,Pontifical Lateran University alumni,Almo Collegio Capranica alumni,Apostolic Nuncios to Honduras,Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace,Pontifical Gregorian University alumni,Cardinals created by Pope Benedict XVI,1925 births,Italian cardinals,2017 deaths,Apostolic Nuncios to Israel,Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy alumni,Diplomats of the Holy See,Apostolic Nuncios to San Marino,People from Turin,Italian titular archbishops

paragraph: Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo

paragraph: Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo (27 August 1925 – 19 November 2017) was an Italian prelate of the Catholic church. He worked in the diplomatic service of the Holy See from 1977 until he retired in 2001. As Archpriest of the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls from 2005 to 2009 he helped oversee important restoration work. He was made a cardinal by Pope Benedict XVI on 24 March 2006.

paragraph: Section::::Family.

paragraph: Montezemolo was born in Turin, Italy of a noble family. His father Giuseppe was an Army officer, tortured and executed during the Ardeatine massacre for his role in resisting the Nazi occupation of Rome. During that year Andrea was kept hidden from the Nazis by the Ukrainian clergy in the Ukrainian Pontifical College of Saint Josaphat. Andrea and his sister Adriana have, on several occasions, been noted for their forgiveness of the perpetrators, notably Erich Priebke. He is related to Luca di Montezemolo, former president of Ferrari, former chairman of FIAT and chairman of Alitalia.

paragraph: Section::::Studies and priesthood.

paragraph: Montezemolo studied in Turin and Rome and fought in World War II. After the war, he pursued higher studies in architecture and was a professional and academic. He later discerned his vocation to the priesthood and pursued studies in theology and philosophy at the Pontifical Gregorian University. He also studied at the Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy and obtained a doctorate in canon law from the Pontifical Lateran University.

paragraph: Section::::Diplomatic and curial service.

paragraph: In 1976 he was appointed Secretary of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace in the Roman Curia. On 5 April 1977 he was appointed Titular Archbishop of Pandosia and Apostolic Pro-Nuncio to Papua New Guinea and Apostolic Delegate to the Solomon Islands. On 25 October 1980 he was transferred as Apostolic Nuncio to Nicaragua and Honduras, and on 1 April 1986 to Uruguay.

paragraph: On 28 April 1990 he became Apostolic Delegate to Jerusalem and Palestine and, one month later, also Pro-Nuncio to Cyprus. While he held this appointment, the 1993 Fundamental Agreement between the Holy See and the State of Israel was reached. This paved the way for establishing full diplomatic relations, so that he became the first Nuncio to Israel. In 1999 Montezemolo was appointed Knight Grand Cross of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic. His final diplomatic posting was as Nuncio to Italy and San Marino, to which he was named on 17 April 2001.

paragraph: In 2005 he designed the coat of arms of Pope Benedict XVI and shortly afterwards, on 31 May 2005, was named Archpriest of the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls. As Archpriest he carried out, with the assistance of the Benedictine Monks of the Abbey of Saint Paul, important architectural work and restoration for the benefit of local Catholics and the pilgrims who come to the Basilica from various parts of the world. Pope Benedict XVI made him a cardinal in the consistory of 24 March 2006, as Cardinal-Deacon of Santa Maria in Portico. Montezemolo was already over eighty years of age and ineligible to vote in a conclave.

paragraph: On 3 July 2009, Montezemolo was succeeded as Archpriest of the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls by Archbishop Francesco Monterisi, former secretary of the Congregation for Bishops.

paragraph: In a 2013 interview, Montezemolo said that Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI needed a new coat of arms now that he was no longer the pontiff. “The problem now is whether the Pope Emeritus can keep that same coat of arms or not”. “And as a person who has always dedicated himself to this, I say ‘no’”. He drew up a new coat of arms, which he believed could be used by the former pontiff. He moved the big keys of Saint Peter from the back of the coat of arms to the top part of the shield and made them much smaller. “But this is only a proposal, it isn’t official,” Montezemolo qualified.

paragraph: Pope Francis visited him in a Rome nursing home in 2016. Montezemolo died on 19 November 2017. He was 92.

paragraph: Section::::External links.

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Hierarchy – Andrea "Cardinal" Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo

paragraph: BULLET::::- Catholic Pages

alias: Andrea Cardinal Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo

description: Catholic cardinal

wikidata_label: Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo

wikipedia_title: Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo


text:
Portuguese
Bishop of Astorga
Bishop of Sigüenza
Olivença
Cardinal
Avignon
Antipope Benedict XIII
Santo Ângelo na Pescaria
Administrator of Astorga
Diocese of Sigüenza
Council of Pisa
Council of Constance
Martin V
Emperor Manuel II
Patriarch Joseph II
Naples
Alfonso V of Aragon
Vicovaro
Saint Cosimato
Vatican
Saint Thomas
Innocent IV
Marcellus II

categories: 14th-century births,15th-century Portuguese people,People from Olivenza,Portuguese cardinals,14th-century Portuguese people,1422 deaths,Portuguese Roman Catholics

paragraph: Pedro da Fonseca (cardinal)

paragraph: Pedro da Fonseca (14th century – 22 August 1422) was a Portuguese Cardinal who served as Bishop of Astorga, 1414–1418, and Bishop of Sigüenza, 1419–1422.

paragraph: Section::::Biography.

paragraph: Born in Olivença. On 14 December 1412, he was made Cardinal by the Avignon Antipope Benedict XIII, with the title of "Santo Ângelo na Pescaria." On 5 June 1413, Pedro da Fonseca was appointed Administrator of Astorga and on 6 Jun 1419, he was transferred to the Diocese of Sigüenza where he served as Administrator until his resignation on 7 Jun 1419. Accepting the decisions made at the Council of Pisa and Council of Constance, Cardinal Fonseca formally recognized Martin V as Pope. Following Byzantine Emperor Manuel II and Patriarch Joseph II's request for legation, Fonseca was sent to Constantinople as a Papal Legate in 1420.

paragraph: On 27 September 1421 he was assigned as the Papal Legate at Naples. The kingdoms of Naples and Sicily, in Italy where then ruled by the Aragonese King, Alfonso V of Aragon. During the visit of the Roman Pope to the Aragonese king at Vicovaro he fell down the stairs at the monastery of Saint Cosimato dying from the fell on 22 August 1422, being buried at the Vatican near the Chapel of Saint Thomas there, the tomb having marble columns and statues. In 1608 his tomb was moved down the "Vatican Grotto", being relocated between the tombs of Pope Innocent IV and Marcellus II.

description: Catholic cardinal

wikidata_label: Pedro da Fonseca

wikipedia_title: Pedro da Fonseca (cardinal)