June 16: A serious struggle begins between the newly elected left-wing members of the Council of Five Hundred and the Directory, due to the string of French military defeats.
The legislature demands new measures for "public safety".

June 17: The Council of Five Hundred and Council of the Ancients annul the election of Jean Baptiste Treilhard to the Directory and replace him with a leftist member, Louis-Jérôme Gohier.

June 18–19: Two royalist members of the Directory, Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai and La Révellière-Lépeaux, are forced to resign, under threat of being brought to trial by the Councils.
They are replaced by two moderate leftists, Roger Ducos, and Jean-François-Auguste Moulin. (
Coup of 30 Prairial Year VII )
June 19: A French army under Étienne Macdonald is defeated by the Russians under Suvorov at the Battle of the Trebia.

June 19: Another reversal in Italy: the French garrison of Naples surrenders.

June 28: The Council votes to demand a forced loan of one hundred million francs from wealthy citizens to equip new armies.

July 5: Two commanders with neo-Jacobin sympathies are promoted by the Directory: Joubert is named new commander of the Army of Italy, and Championnet is chosen to command the Army of the Alps.

July 7: A neo-Jacobin club, the Société des amis de la Liberté et de l'Égalité ("Society of the Friends of Liberty and Equality"), is founded in Paris.

July 12: The Council of Five Hundred votes a new law on hostages, demands lists of royalists be made in each department, and brings accusations against former members of the Directory with royalist tendencies.

July 14: At a celebration of the anniversary of the Revolution, General Jourdan calls "bringing back the pikes", the weapons of the Jacobin street mobs during the Terror.
On the same day, Siéyès gives a speech denouncing the new Jacobins.

July 17: An Ottoman army under the command of Seid Mustafa Pasha, transported to Egypt by Sidney Smith's British fleet, lands at Abukir.

July 25: Bonaparte defeats Seid Mustafa Pasha's Ottoman army at the Battle of Abukir.

August 6: Royalist uprisings in Toulouse and Bordeaux.
Both are quickly suppressed by the army.

August 13: Sieyès orders the closing of the new Jacobin Club in Paris.

August 15: Defeat of the French Army of Italy under General Joubert at the Battle of Novi.
Joubert is killed.

August 18: The Council of Five Hundred decides, by a vote of 217–214, not to arrest and try the former members of the Directory accused of royalist sympathies.

August 23: Bonaparte has had no news from France in six months.
The British admiral Sir Sidney Smith sends him a packet of French newspapers, which he reads in one night.
He hands over command of the army to General Kléber and leaves Egypt with a small party aboard the frigate La Muiron.

August 29: Pope Pius VI dies, a French prisoner, in Valence.

August 29: Championnet, prominent among the Jacobin generals, is named new commander of the Army of Italy.

September 13: General Jourdan, leader of the Jacobins in the army, asks the Council of Five Hundred to declare a state of national emergency.

September 14: Council of Five Hundred refuses to declare a state of national emergency.

September 14: The Director Sieyès obtains the resignation of Jean Bernadotte as Minister of War, on the grounds that Bernadotte was planning a Jacobin coup d'état.

September 15: The royalist leaders in the west of France, including the Breton Chouan leader Georges Cadoudal, meet to organize a new uprising against Paris.

September 24: The royalist military commander Louis de Frotté lands in Normandy to take charge of the new uprising.

September 25–26: General Masséna defeats the Russian-Austrian army of Alexander Rimsky-Korsakov at the Second Battle of Zurich.

September 29: The Russian army under Suvorov is forced to retreat across the Alps.

October 6: A French-Dutch army under General Brune defeats a Russian-British force at the Battle of Castricum.
The British and Russians withdraw their troops from the Netherlands.
June 16: A serious struggle begins between the newly elected left-wing members of the Council of Five Hundred and the Directory, due to the string of French military defeats. The legislature demands new measures for "public safety".
June 17: The Council of Five Hundred and Council of the Ancients annul the election of Jean Baptiste Treilhard to the Directory and replace him with a leftist member, Louis-Jérôme Gohier.
June 18–19: Two royalist members of the Directory, Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai and La Révellière-Lépeaux, are forced to resign, under threat of being brought to trial by the Councils. They are replaced by two moderate leftists, Roger Ducos, and Jean-François-Auguste Moulin. (Coup of 30 Prairial Year VII )
June 19: A French army under Étienne Macdonald is defeated by the Russians under Suvorov at the Battle of the Trebia.
June 19: Another reversal in Italy: the French garrison of Naples surrenders.
June 28: The Council votes to demand a forced loan of one hundred million francs from wealthy citizens to equip new armies.
July 5: Two commanders with neo-Jacobin sympathies are promoted by the Directory: Joubert is named new commander of the Army of Italy, and Championnet is chosen to command the Army of the Alps.
July 7: A neo-Jacobin club, the Société des amis de la Liberté et de l'Égalité ("Society of the Friends of Liberty and Equality"), is founded in Paris.
July 12: The Council of Five Hundred votes a new law on hostages, demands lists of royalists be made in each department, and brings accusations against former members of the Directory with royalist tendencies.
July 14: At a celebration of the anniversary of the Revolution, General Jourdan calls "bringing back the pikes", the weapons of the Jacobin street mobs during the Terror. On the same day, Siéyès gives a speech denouncing the new Jacobins.
July 17: An Ottoman army under the command of Seid Mustafa Pasha, transported to Egypt by Sidney Smith's British fleet, lands at Abukir.
July 25: Bonaparte defeats Seid Mustafa Pasha's Ottoman army at the Battle of Abukir.
August 6: Royalist uprisings in Toulouse and Bordeaux. Both are quickly suppressed by the army.
August 13: Sieyès orders the closing of the new Jacobin Club in Paris.
August 15: Defeat of the French Army of Italy under General Joubert at the Battle of Novi. Joubert is killed.
August 18: The Council of Five Hundred decides, by a vote of 217–214, not to arrest and try the former members of the Directory accused of royalist sympathies.
August 23: Bonaparte has had no news from France in six months. The British admiral Sir Sidney Smith sends him a packet of French newspapers, which he reads in one night. He hands over command of the army to General Kléber and leaves Egypt with a small party aboard the frigate La Muiron.
August 29: Pope Pius VI dies, a French prisoner, in Valence.
August 29: Championnet, prominent among the Jacobin generals, is named new commander of the Army of Italy.
September 13: General Jourdan, leader of the Jacobins in the army, asks the Council of Five Hundred to declare a state of national emergency.
September 14: Council of Five Hundred refuses to declare a state of national emergency.
September 14: The Director Sieyès obtains the resignation of Jean Bernadotte as Minister of War, on the grounds that Bernadotte was planning a Jacobin coup d'état.
September 15: The royalist leaders in the west of France, including the Breton Chouan leader Georges Cadoudal, meet to organize a new uprising against Paris.
September 24: The royalist military commander Louis de Frotté lands in Normandy to take charge of the new uprising.
September 25–26: General Masséna defeats the Russian-Austrian army of Alexander Rimsky-Korsakov at the Second Battle of Zurich.
September 29: The Russian army under Suvorov is forced to retreat across the Alps.
October 6: A French-Dutch army under General Brune defeats a Russian-British force at the Battle of Castricum. The British and Russians withdraw their troops from the Netherlands.
Timeline of the French Revolution