As would be expected for a widespread passerine bird species, several geographical subspecies are recognised.
The treatment of subspecies in this article follows Clement et al. (
2000).

The European blackbird (T. m. merula), the nominate subspecies, breeds commonly throughout much of Europe from Iceland, the Faroes and the British Isles east to the Ural Mountains and north to about 70 N, where it is fairly scarce.
A small population breeds in the Nile Valley.
Birds from the north of the range winter throughout Europe and around the Mediterranean, including Cyprus and North Africa.
The introduced birds in Australia and New Zealand are of the nominate race.

The Azores blackbird (T. m. azorensis) is a small race which breeds in the Azores.
The male is darker and glossier than merula.

The Madeiran blackbird (T. m. cabrerae), named for Ángel Cabrera, the Spanish zoologist, resembles azorensis and breeds in Madeira and the western Canary Islands.

The Northwestern African blackbird (T. m. mauritanicus), another small dark subspecies with a glossy black male plumage, breeds in central and northern Morocco, coastal Algeria and northern Tunisia.

The Southeastern European blackbird (T m. aterrimus) breeds in Hungary, south and east to southern Greece, Crete, northern Turkey and northern Iran.
It winters in southern Turkey, northern Egypt, Iraq and southern Iran.
It is smaller than merula with a duller male and paler female plumage.

The Levant blackbird (T. m. syriacus) breeds on the Mediterranean coast of southern Turkey south to Jordan, Israel and the northern Sinai.
It is mostly resident, but part of the population moves southwest or west to winter in the Jordan Valley and in the Nile Delta of northern Egypt south to about Cairo.
Both sexes of this subspecies are darker and greyer than the equivalent merula plumages.

The Central Asian blackbird (T. m. intermedius) is an Asian race breeding from Central Russia to Tajikistan, western and northeastern Afghanistan, and eastern China.
Many birds are resident, but some are altitudinal migrants and occur in southern Afghanistan and southern Iraq in winter.
This is a large subspecies, with a sooty-black male and a blackish-brown female.

The Central Asian subspecies, the relatively large intermedius, also differs in structure and voice, and may represent a distinct species.
Alternatively, it has been suggested that it should be considered a subspecies of T. maximus, but it differs in structure, voice and the appearance of the eye-ring.
As would be expected for a widespread passerine bird species, several geographical subspecies are recognised. The treatment of subspecies in this article follows Clement et al. (2000).
The European blackbird (T. m. merula), the nominate subspecies, breeds commonly throughout much of Europe from Iceland, the Faroes and the British Isles east to the Ural Mountains and north to about 70 N, where it is fairly scarce. A small population breeds in the Nile Valley. Birds from the north of the range winter throughout Europe and around the Mediterranean, including Cyprus and North Africa. The introduced birds in Australia and New Zealand are of the nominate race.
The Azores blackbird (T. m. azorensis) is a small race which breeds in the Azores. The male is darker and glossier than merula.
The Madeiran blackbird (T. m. cabrerae), named for Ángel Cabrera, the Spanish zoologist, resembles azorensis and breeds in Madeira and the western Canary Islands.
The Northwestern African blackbird (T. m. mauritanicus), another small dark subspecies with a glossy black male plumage, breeds in central and northern Morocco, coastal Algeria and northern Tunisia.
The Southeastern European blackbird (T m. aterrimus) breeds in Hungary, south and east to southern Greece, Crete, northern Turkey and northern Iran. It winters in southern Turkey, northern Egypt, Iraq and southern Iran. It is smaller than merula with a duller male and paler female plumage.
The Levant blackbird (T. m. syriacus) breeds on the Mediterranean coast of southern Turkey south to Jordan, Israel and the northern Sinai. It is mostly resident, but part of the population moves southwest or west to winter in the Jordan Valley and in the Nile Delta of northern Egypt south to about Cairo. Both sexes of this subspecies are darker and greyer than the equivalent merula plumages.
The Central Asian blackbird (T. m. intermedius) is an Asian race breeding from Central Russia to Tajikistan, western and northeastern Afghanistan, and eastern China. Many birds are resident, but some are altitudinal migrants and occur in southern Afghanistan and southern Iraq in winter. This is a large subspecies, with a sooty-black male and a blackish-brown female.
The Central Asian subspecies, the relatively large intermedius, also differs in structure and voice, and may represent a distinct species. Alternatively, it has been suggested that it should be considered a subspecies of T. maximus, but it differs in structure, voice and the appearance of the eye-ring.
Common blackbird