Vida was an active member of the Croatia national under-21 team.

On 23 May 2010, he made his full international debut in Croatia's 2–0 win against Wales in Osijek, entering as a substitute for Darijo Srna in the 80th minute.
Three days later, he played the full 90 minutes in a goalless draw with Estonia.

In 2011, he featured for Croatia in four UEFA Euro 2012 qualifiers, including both play-off matches against Turkey, which saw them securing a place in the finals.
His only appearance at the finals came when he was in the starting lineup for Croatia's final group match, a 1–0 defeat to Spain, after which they were eliminated from the tournament.

On 10 September 2013, Vida scored his first goal for the national side in the 65th minute of a friendly match against South Korea, played at the Jeonju World Cup Stadium in Jeonju.

Vida was a part of the Croatian squad at the 2014 FIFA World Cup tournament in Brazil, but remained as an unused substitute in the tournament.
He regained his place as a regular during the UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying, making nine appearances, and also appeared in three matches at the finals, where the team were eliminated by Portugal in the round of 16.

On 3 September 2017, Vida scored the only goal in a 1–0 victory over Kosovo in the World Cup qualification.

In June 2018, he was named in Croatia’s final 23-man squad for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia.
Vida scored a header in the quarter-final against hosts Russia to give his side a 2–1 lead in extra time.
The match finished 2–2, Vida converted his spot kick in the penalty shootout to help his side advance.
In the final, he took a free kick from Luka Modrić to setup Ivan Perišić for Croatia's first goal of the match, and picked up a runners-up medal as France eventually defeated his side 4–2.

On 15 October 2018, he captained the national team for the first time and scored in a 2–1 friendly win over Jordan.
Vida was an active member of the Croatia national under-21 team.
On 23 May 2010, he made his full international debut in Croatia's 2–0 win against Wales in Osijek, entering as a substitute for Darijo Srna in the 80th minute. Three days later, he played the full 90 minutes in a goalless draw with Estonia.
In 2011, he featured for Croatia in four UEFA Euro 2012 qualifiers, including both play-off matches against Turkey, which saw them securing a place in the finals. His only appearance at the finals came when he was in the starting lineup for Croatia's final group match, a 1–0 defeat to Spain, after which they were eliminated from the tournament.
On 10 September 2013, Vida scored his first goal for the national side in the 65th minute of a friendly match against South Korea, played at the Jeonju World Cup Stadium in Jeonju.
Vida was a part of the Croatian squad at the 2014 FIFA World Cup tournament in Brazil, but remained as an unused substitute in the tournament. He regained his place as a regular during the UEFA Euro 2016 qualifying, making nine appearances, and also appeared in three matches at the finals, where the team were eliminated by Portugal in the round of 16.
On 3 September 2017, Vida scored the only goal in a 1–0 victory over Kosovo in the World Cup qualification.
In June 2018, he was named in Croatia’s final 23-man squad for the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia. Vida scored a header in the quarter-final against hosts Russia to give his side a 2–1 lead in extra time. The match finished 2–2, Vida converted his spot kick in the penalty shootout to help his side advance. In the final, he took a free kick from Luka Modrić to setup Ivan Perišić for Croatia's first goal of the match, and picked up a runners-up medal as France eventually defeated his side 4–2.
On 15 October 2018, he captained the national team for the first time and scored in a 2–1 friendly win over Jordan.
Domagoj Vida