Al-Ain is main settlement in the Eastern Region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, located on the country's eastern border with Oman, where the adjacent town of Al-Buraimi is located.
The region is located to the west of the Western Hajar Mountains and the Gulf of Oman, and in the vicinity of the Rub' al-Khali Desert.
On the coast of the Arabian or Persian Gulf lies Jumayra in the Emirate of Dubai, which was probably part of this region.

The word 'Tawam' means 'twins', and it reportedly refers to a pair of alfaj (water channels) in the Buraimi region, as identified from the works of people like Salil ibn Raziq in the 19th century, Al-Tabari and Al-Muqaddasi in the 10th century, and consequently people in the 21st century like Timothy Power, an archaeologist and assistant-professor based in Abu Dhabi who helped to found the Buraimi Oasis Landscape Archaeology Project.
That said, the region is composed of oases which depended on aflaj for irrigation, such as those of Al-Ain and Qattarah in Al-Ain, and Hamasa in Al-Buraimi.

In the mid-19th century, an Omani scholar, Salil ibn Raziq, basically said that Buraimi used to be called Tawam.
People picked up on that but have never critically examined the earlier sources.

Al Tabari writes of a Persian sphere of influence along the Batinah plain of Oman and an Arab sphere of influence in the interior with its capital at a place called Tawam.
In that he deals with the events of 893/94, in which there is a dispute amongst different local factions about who should rule in Oman.
One of these factions approaches the Abbasids for outside assistance.
The faction who do this are called the Bani Sama and they are based in Buraimi before they base themselves in Sohar, call themselves the Wajihid Dynasty and assume the leadership of the whole region.

— Timothy Power.

Hafit {Tuwwam} abounds in palm trees; it lies in the direction of Hajar {Al Hasa}, and the mosque is in the markets ... Dibba and Julfar, both in the direction of the Hajar, are close to the sea ... Tuwwam has been dominated by a branch of the Quraysh ...
— Al-Muqaddasi, 985 CE.
Al-Ain is main settlement in the Eastern Region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, located on the country's eastern border with Oman, where the adjacent town of Al-Buraimi is located. The region is located to the west of the Western Hajar Mountains and the Gulf of Oman, and in the vicinity of the Rub' al-Khali Desert. On the coast of the Arabian or Persian Gulf lies Jumayra in the Emirate of Dubai, which was probably part of this region.
The word 'Tawam' means 'twins', and it reportedly refers to a pair of alfaj (water channels) in the Buraimi region, as identified from the works of people like Salil ibn Raziq in the 19th century, Al-Tabari and Al-Muqaddasi in the 10th century, and consequently people in the 21st century like Timothy Power, an archaeologist and assistant-professor based in Abu Dhabi who helped to found the Buraimi Oasis Landscape Archaeology Project. That said, the region is composed of oases which depended on aflaj for irrigation, such as those of Al-Ain and Qattarah in Al-Ain, and Hamasa in Al-Buraimi.
In the mid-19th century, an Omani scholar, Salil ibn Raziq, basically said that Buraimi used to be called Tawam. People picked up on that but have never critically examined the earlier sources.
Al Tabari writes of a Persian sphere of influence along the Batinah plain of Oman and an Arab sphere of influence in the interior with its capital at a place called Tawam. In that he deals with the events of 893/94, in which there is a dispute amongst different local factions about who should rule in Oman. One of these factions approaches the Abbasids for outside assistance. The faction who do this are called the Bani Sama and they are based in Buraimi before they base themselves in Sohar, call themselves the Wajihid Dynasty and assume the leadership of the whole region.
— Timothy Power.
Hafit {Tuwwam} abounds in palm trees; it lies in the direction of Hajar {Al Hasa}, and the mosque is in the markets ... Dibba and Julfar, both in the direction of the Hajar, are close to the sea ... Tuwwam has been dominated by a branch of the Quraysh ...
— Al-Muqaddasi, 985 CE.
Tawam (region)