The tribes in the Macleay/Manning area before white contact were estimated to number some 4,000.
Their coastal neighbours viewed them with diffidence, calling them jang (bad folk).
By some accounts they comprised between 6 and 8 different dialect groups, among which two dwelt in the upper catchment of the Macleay River system.
These two were
Nulla Nulla
Conderang.

Totems, according to some elderly informants, could be social or personal.
The praying mantis (gurginj gurginj) is listed among the former as a river totem and described as covering the river stretch from Bellbrook downwards as far as the area around Georges Creek.
Animals such as the echidna were personal totems, with which particular persons were identified.
The term for the localized patrilineal horde was dawun.
The tribes in the Macleay/Manning area before white contact were estimated to number some 4,000. Their coastal neighbours viewed them with diffidence, calling them jang (bad folk). By some accounts they comprised between 6 and 8 different dialect groups, among which two dwelt in the upper catchment of the Macleay River system. These two were
Nulla Nulla
Conderang.
Totems, according to some elderly informants, could be social or personal. The praying mantis (gurginj gurginj) is listed among the former as a river totem and described as covering the river stretch from Bellbrook downwards as far as the area around Georges Creek. Animals such as the echidna were personal totems, with which particular persons were identified. The term for the localized patrilineal horde was dawun.
Djangadi