Tilman Riemenschneider (c. 1460–1531), sculptor
Johann Melchior Birkenstock (1738–1809), Austrian politician and school reformer
Josepha von Siebold (1771–1849), gynaecologist, the first credentialled midwife in Germany.

Adolf Werneburg (1813–1886), genealogist and forester
Eduard Strecker (1822–1894), politician
Ludwig Loewe (1837–1886), politician
Helene Keßler (1870–1957), writer, under the pseudonym Hans von Kahlenberg
Siegfried Loewenthal (1874–1951), chief justice in West Berlin 1945–1951, honorary citizen of Heiligenstadt 1948–1951
Alfred Mock (1908–2006), Catholic priest
Horst Sannemüller (1918–2001), violinist and leader of the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra
Wilhelm Friese (1924–2008), professor of Scandinavian studies
Karl H. Steinberg (born 1941), politician
Wolfgang Thüne (born 1949), Olympic medallist in gymnastics
Joachim Knape (born 1950), professor of rhetoric
Bernhard Germeshausen (born 1951), Olympic medallist in bobsleigh
Dietrich Klinge (born 1954), sculptor and graphic designer
Angelika Weiz (born 1954), singer
Dieter Althaus (born 1958), politician (CDU) Ministerpresident of Thuringia 2003–09
Peter Pysall (born 1960), handball player and coach
Sebastian Haupt (born 1985), skeleton racer
Tilman Riemenschneider (c. 1460–1531), sculptor
Johann Melchior Birkenstock (1738–1809), Austrian politician and school reformer
Josepha von Siebold (1771–1849), gynaecologist, the first credentialled midwife in Germany.
Adolf Werneburg (1813–1886), genealogist and forester
Eduard Strecker (1822–1894), politician
Ludwig Loewe (1837–1886), politician
Helene Keßler (1870–1957), writer, under the pseudonym Hans von Kahlenberg
Siegfried Loewenthal (1874–1951), chief justice in West Berlin 1945–1951, honorary citizen of Heiligenstadt 1948–1951
Alfred Mock (1908–2006), Catholic priest
Horst Sannemüller (1918–2001), violinist and leader of the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra
Wilhelm Friese (1924–2008), professor of Scandinavian studies
Karl H. Steinberg (born 1941), politician
Wolfgang Thüne (born 1949), Olympic medallist in gymnastics
Joachim Knape (born 1950), professor of rhetoric
Bernhard Germeshausen (born 1951), Olympic medallist in bobsleigh
Dietrich Klinge (born 1954), sculptor and graphic designer
Angelika Weiz (born 1954), singer
Dieter Althaus (born 1958), politician (CDU) Ministerpresident of Thuringia 2003–09
Peter Pysall (born 1960), handball player and coach
Sebastian Haupt (born 1985), skeleton racer
Heilbad Heiligenstadt