Many of the local place names in the enclave are of Basque origin, especially in the central and eastern parts.
The Basque language is supposed to have been spoken in the enclave up to the late 18th century.
As late as 1810, a French civil servant, Eugène Coquebert de Montbret, pinpointed La Puebla as the southernmost Basque speaking town in Álava on a map showing Basque language boundaries.

There is no formal recognition of Basque (official in all of Álava, but not in Treviño).
An ikastola (Basque language school), Argantzon Ikastola, was created in La Puebla in 2003.
The main Basque education journal (Hik Hasi) claims an enrollment of children originating from the following locations: Tuyo, Grandival, Añastro, Burgeta, Pangua, Miranda, Araico, San Esteban, and Vitoria, all located in Treviño or surrounding areas.
At any rate, local councils have agreed to promote Basque in their towns.

According to a 2012 linguistic study 22% of the population can speak Basque, and another 17% understands (but does not speak) the language.
Basque is more prevalent among younger people, as 65% of those under 16 are bilingual.
Many of the local place names in the enclave are of Basque origin, especially in the central and eastern parts. The Basque language is supposed to have been spoken in the enclave up to the late 18th century. As late as 1810, a French civil servant, Eugène Coquebert de Montbret, pinpointed La Puebla as the southernmost Basque speaking town in Álava on a map showing Basque language boundaries.
There is no formal recognition of Basque (official in all of Álava, but not in Treviño). An ikastola (Basque language school), Argantzon Ikastola, was created in La Puebla in 2003. The main Basque education journal (Hik Hasi) claims an enrollment of children originating from the following locations: Tuyo, Grandival, Añastro, Burgeta, Pangua, Miranda, Araico, San Esteban, and Vitoria, all located in Treviño or surrounding areas. At any rate, local councils have agreed to promote Basque in their towns.
According to a 2012 linguistic study 22% of the population can speak Basque, and another 17% understands (but does not speak) the language. Basque is more prevalent among younger people, as 65% of those under 16 are bilingual.
Treviño enclave