Several members of Van Rensselaer's extended family served in Congress including Jeremiah Van Rensselaer (1741–1810), Killian K. Van Rensselaer (1763–1845), and Solomon Van Rensselaer (1774–1852).
 
In June 1783, Van Rensselaer married Margarita "Peggy" Schuyler (1758–1801), a distant cousin and the daughter of Revolutionary War general Philip Schuyler, and sister-in-law of Alexander Hamilton.
Their marriage resulted in three children, all of whom were baptized at the First Dutch Reformed Church in Albany.
Only one of their children survived to adulthood:
Catherine Schuyler Van Rensselaer (1784–1797), who died young
Stephen Van Rensselaer (1786–1787), who died young
Stephen Van Rensselaer IV (1789–1868), inherited the east side of Rensselaerwyck and inherited the manor in 1839 by his father's will.
He graduated from Princeton in 1808.
He served as major general of militia.
During the anti-rent troubles in 1839 he sold his townships, and at his death the manor passed out of the hands of his descendants.

After Schuyler's death in 1801, he married Cornelia Bell Paterson in 1802, the daughter of William Paterson, the 2nd Governor of New Jersey, and later, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Together, they had:
Catherine Van Rensselaer (1803–1874), who married Gouverneur Morris Wilkins (d. 1871)
William Paterson Van Rensselaer (1805–1872), who married Eliza Bayard Rogers (1811–1835), and after her death, her sister, Sarah Rogers (1810–1887), both were granddaughters of William Bayard Jr.
Philip Stephen Van Rensselaer (1806–1871), who married Mary Rebecca Tallmadge (1817–1872), daughter of James Tallmadge Jr.
Cortlandt Van Rensselaer (1808–1860), a noted Presbyterian clergyman.

Henry Bell Van Rensselaer (1810–1864), a politician and general in the Union Army during the American Civil War, who married Elizabeth Ray King, a granddaughter of Rufus King.

Cornelia Paterson Van Rensselaer (1812–1890), who married Robert James Turnbull Jr. (1807–1854), son of Robert James Turnbull.

Alexander Van Rensselaer (1814–1878), who married Mary Howland in 1851.
In 1864, he married Louisa Barnewell.

Euphemia White Van Rensselaer (1816–1888), who married John Church Cruger (1807–1879)
Westerlo Van Rensselaer (1820–1844), who died aged 24.

Van Rensselaer died in New York City on January 26, 1839.
He was buried in a family cemetery at the Van Rensselaer Manor House, and was later reinterred at Albany Rural Cemetery, Section 14, Lot 1.
Several members of Van Rensselaer's extended family served in Congress including Jeremiah Van Rensselaer (1741–1810), Killian K. Van Rensselaer (1763–1845), and Solomon Van Rensselaer (1774–1852).  
In June 1783, Van Rensselaer married Margarita "Peggy" Schuyler (1758–1801), a distant cousin and the daughter of Revolutionary War general Philip Schuyler, and sister-in-law of Alexander Hamilton. Their marriage resulted in three children, all of whom were baptized at the First Dutch Reformed Church in Albany. Only one of their children survived to adulthood:
Catherine Schuyler Van Rensselaer (1784–1797), who died young
Stephen Van Rensselaer (1786–1787), who died young
Stephen Van Rensselaer IV (1789–1868), inherited the east side of Rensselaerwyck and inherited the manor in 1839 by his father's will. He graduated from Princeton in 1808. He served as major general of militia. During the anti-rent troubles in 1839 he sold his townships, and at his death the manor passed out of the hands of his descendants.
After Schuyler's death in 1801, he married Cornelia Bell Paterson in 1802, the daughter of William Paterson, the 2nd Governor of New Jersey, and later, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Together, they had:
Catherine Van Rensselaer (1803–1874), who married Gouverneur Morris Wilkins (d. 1871)
William Paterson Van Rensselaer (1805–1872), who married Eliza Bayard Rogers (1811–1835), and after her death, her sister, Sarah Rogers (1810–1887), both were granddaughters of William Bayard Jr.
Philip Stephen Van Rensselaer (1806–1871), who married Mary Rebecca Tallmadge (1817–1872), daughter of James Tallmadge Jr.
Cortlandt Van Rensselaer (1808–1860), a noted Presbyterian clergyman.
Henry Bell Van Rensselaer (1810–1864), a politician and general in the Union Army during the American Civil War, who married Elizabeth Ray King, a granddaughter of Rufus King.
Cornelia Paterson Van Rensselaer (1812–1890), who married Robert James Turnbull Jr. (1807–1854), son of Robert James Turnbull.
Alexander Van Rensselaer (1814–1878), who married Mary Howland in 1851. In 1864, he married Louisa Barnewell.
Euphemia White Van Rensselaer (1816–1888), who married John Church Cruger (1807–1879)
Westerlo Van Rensselaer (1820–1844), who died aged 24.
Van Rensselaer died in New York City on January 26, 1839. He was buried in a family cemetery at the Van Rensselaer Manor House, and was later reinterred at Albany Rural Cemetery, Section 14, Lot 1.
Stephen Van Rensselaer