Caesalpinioideae is a botanical name at the rank of subfamily, placed in the large family Fabaceae or Leguminosae.
Its name is formed from the generic name Caesalpinia.
It is known also as the peacock flower subfamily.
The Caesalpinioideae are mainly trees distributed in the moist tropics, but include such temperate species as the honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos) and Kentucky coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus).
It has the following clade-based definition:
The most inclusive crown clade containing Arcoa gonavensis Urb.
and Mimosa pudica L., but not Bobgunnia fistuloides (Harms) J. H. Kirkbr. &
Wiersema, Duparquetia orchidacea Baill.,
or Poeppigia procera C.Presl
 In some classifications, for example the Cronquist system, the group is recognized at the rank of family, Caesalpiniaceae.

Distinguishing characters:
Specialised extrafloral nectaries often present on the petiole and / or on the primary and secondary rachises, usually between pinnae or leaflet pairs
Leaves commonly bipinnate
Inflorescences globose, spicate
Aestivation valvate
Anthers often with a stipitate or sessile apical gland
Pollen commonly in tetrads, bitetrads or polyads
Seeds usually with an open or closed pleurogram on both faces
Root nodules variably present and indeterminate
Caesalpinioideae is a botanical name at the rank of subfamily, placed in the large family Fabaceae or Leguminosae. Its name is formed from the generic name Caesalpinia. It is known also as the peacock flower subfamily. The Caesalpinioideae are mainly trees distributed in the moist tropics, but include such temperate species as the honeylocust (Gleditsia triacanthos) and Kentucky coffeetree (Gymnocladus dioicus). It has the following clade-based definition:
The most inclusive crown clade containing Arcoa gonavensis Urb. and Mimosa pudica L., but not Bobgunnia fistuloides (Harms) J. H. Kirkbr. & Wiersema, Duparquetia orchidacea Baill., or Poeppigia procera C.Presl
 In some classifications, for example the Cronquist system, the group is recognized at the rank of family, Caesalpiniaceae.
Distinguishing characters:
Specialised extrafloral nectaries often present on the petiole and / or on the primary and secondary rachises, usually between pinnae or leaflet pairs
Leaves commonly bipinnate
Inflorescences globose, spicate
Aestivation valvate
Anthers often with a stipitate or sessile apical gland
Pollen commonly in tetrads, bitetrads or polyads
Seeds usually with an open or closed pleurogram on both faces
Root nodules variably present and indeterminate
Caesalpinioideae