On 7 June 2017, Belgrade media reported about Gobeljić's signing with Red Star Belgrade, after his long-time friend Jovan Kastratović shared a picture of his contract on Instagram.
Gobeljić was officially promoted by club's sports director Mitar Mrkela two days later, penning a three-year contract.
He made his debut for Red Star in the second leg of the first qualifying round of the 2017–18 Europa League, substituting Ricardinho against Floriana.
Only minutes after taking Ricardinho's place, Gobeljić was sent off after one bad tackle on one of the opposing players.
He played his first eternal derby on 27 August 2017 as a left back.
He scored his first goal for Red Star in their 5–0 victory over Radnik Surdulica on 29 November 2017.

On 13 May 2018, he made two assists in Red Star's 1-2 away win against Vojvodina as a right-back, and was named man of the match.
On 20 July 2018, Gobeljić lead the team as a captain in 3–0 victory over Dinamo Vranje, in the first fixture of the 2018–19 Serbian SuperLiga campaign.

On 16 July 2019, Gobeljić got a red card after making a bad tackle on Sūduva defender Vaidas Slavickas during the first qualifying round of the 2019–20 UEFA Champions League.
Slavickas's leg broke in two different areas and had to undergo surgery.
Gobeljić visited him in the hospital to apologize.

On 22 June 2020 he tested positive for COVID-19.
On 7 June 2017, Belgrade media reported about Gobeljić's signing with Red Star Belgrade, after his long-time friend Jovan Kastratović shared a picture of his contract on Instagram. Gobeljić was officially promoted by club's sports director Mitar Mrkela two days later, penning a three-year contract. He made his debut for Red Star in the second leg of the first qualifying round of the 2017–18 Europa League, substituting Ricardinho against Floriana. Only minutes after taking Ricardinho's place, Gobeljić was sent off after one bad tackle on one of the opposing players. He played his first eternal derby on 27 August 2017 as a left back. He scored his first goal for Red Star in their 5–0 victory over Radnik Surdulica on 29 November 2017.
On 13 May 2018, he made two assists in Red Star's 1-2 away win against Vojvodina as a right-back, and was named man of the match. On 20 July 2018, Gobeljić lead the team as a captain in 3–0 victory over Dinamo Vranje, in the first fixture of the 2018–19 Serbian SuperLiga campaign.
On 16 July 2019, Gobeljić got a red card after making a bad tackle on Sūduva defender Vaidas Slavickas during the first qualifying round of the 2019–20 UEFA Champions League. Slavickas's leg broke in two different areas and had to undergo surgery. Gobeljić visited him in the hospital to apologize.
On 22 June 2020 he tested positive for COVID-19.
Marko Gobeljić