On December 31, 2014, Anderson was signed by the Los Angeles Dodgers to a one-year, $10 million, contract.
In 2015 he started a career-high 31 games and pitched a career-high 180 ​¹⁄₃ innings.
He was 10–9 with a 3.69 ERA.
He had the highest ground ball percentage among major league pitchers (66.3%), and the lowest line drive percentage (15.2%) and fly ball percentage (18.5%).
He earned an extra $2.4 million in bonuses by reaching that innings mark.

After the season, Anderson accepted the Dodgers $15.8 million qualifying offer to remain with the club for the 2016 season.
On March 3, 2016, it was announced that Anderson required back surgery to repair a bulging disc in his back, and would miss 3–5 months.
It was the same area that he had injured in 2014.
He finally rejoined the Dodgers on August 14 after a few minor league rehab starts.
In his first start of the season, he allowed two home runs and five runs in the first inning and was replaced by a relief pitcher.
He made three starts and one relief appearance for the Dodgers in September and was 1–2 with an 11.91 ERA for the season, allowing 15 earned runs in 11 ​¹⁄₃ innings.
On December 31, 2014, Anderson was signed by the Los Angeles Dodgers to a one-year, $10 million, contract. In 2015 he started a career-high 31 games and pitched a career-high 180 ​¹⁄₃ innings. He was 10–9 with a 3.69 ERA. He had the highest ground ball percentage among major league pitchers (66.3%), and the lowest line drive percentage (15.2%) and fly ball percentage (18.5%). He earned an extra $2.4 million in bonuses by reaching that innings mark. 
After the season, Anderson accepted the Dodgers $15.8 million qualifying offer to remain with the club for the 2016 season. On March 3, 2016, it was announced that Anderson required back surgery to repair a bulging disc in his back, and would miss 3–5 months. It was the same area that he had injured in 2014. He finally rejoined the Dodgers on August 14 after a few minor league rehab starts. In his first start of the season, he allowed two home runs and five runs in the first inning and was replaced by a relief pitcher. He made three starts and one relief appearance for the Dodgers in September and was 1–2 with an 11.91 ERA for the season, allowing 15 earned runs in 11 ​¹⁄₃ innings.
Brett Anderson (baseball)