The island was called Munnawtawkit by the Pequot Indians.
Adriaen Block, the first recorded European visitor, named it Vischer's Island in 1614 after one of his companions.
 For the next 25 years, it remained a wilderness, visited occasionally by Dutch traders.

John Winthrop the Younger obtained a grant of Fisher's Island in 1640 from the Massachusetts Bay Colony, "reserving the right of Connecticut if it should be decided to be theirs."
He simultaneously applied to the Connecticut General Court for a similar grant in order that there might be no flaw in his title.
The title was given to him in the following words, which are copied from the records of a General Court held at Hartford, Connecticut, April 9, 1641:
Upon Mr. Winthrop's motion to the court for Fisher's Island, it is the mind of the court that so far as it hinders not the public good of the country, either for fortifying for defense, or setting up a trade for fishing or salt and such like, he shall have liberty to proceed therein.

Winthrop lived only one winter on the island.
He was named governor of the Connecticut Colony 1657-1658 and 1659-1676, and he used the island to raise sheep for food and wool.
He died in 1676 and his son Fitz-John installed a lessee farmer from England on the island named William Walworth.
Walworth brought a system of cultivation which was continued on the island for nearly 200 years.
He established farmland out of the heavily forested island.
Walworth and his family vacated the island nine years later due to the threat of pirates.
Fishers Island remained in the Winthrop family of Connecticut until 1863, when ownership passed to Robert R. Fox, and then to Edmund and Walton Ferguson, also of Connecticut.

The island was the subject of a border dispute between New York and Connecticut.
The states of New York, Connecticut, and Rhode Island meet in the waters east of Fishers Island.
Before the British took possession of New York City from the Dutch in 1664, all of Suffolk County was claimed by Connecticut, with British settlers there accepting its jurisdiction.
A 1664 land patent given to the Duke of York included all islands in Long Island Sound, apparently thus granting Fishers Island also to the Province of New York.
 The Duke of York held a grudge against Connecticut, as the New Haven settlers had hidden three of the judges who sentenced his father King Charles I to death in 1649.
Settlers throughout Suffolk County pressed to stay part of Connecticut, but Governor Sir Edmund Andros threatened to eliminate their rights to land if they did not yield, which they did by 1676.
A joint commission from Connecticut and New York in 1879 reiterated that New York has legal title to Fishers Island.

The island was a target of British soldiers during the Revolutionary War, who raided islands in Long Island sound for supplies.
 Many of the residents of Fishers Island took their herds to the relative safety of Connecticut in 1776.
 The raids continued, though, and the British burned many of the island's homes in 1779.

In 1783, brick-making was established as the island's only industry, using the vast amounts of available clay.
This business was discontinued in 1889.
In 1870, a lifesaving station was erected at the western end of the island by the State of Connecticut, which overlooked the waters between Fishers Island and Little Gull Island.
The Race Rock Light was constructed in 1878 as a navigational aid for travel in the Race, located approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Fishers Island.
In the early 1900s, a permanent Coast Guard station was built on the west end.
In 1898, the Fergusons sold 216 acres (0.9 km²) on the western end to the federal government.
This land was developed as Fort H. G. Wright, which was named after the Civil War Union commander who was born in Clinton, Connecticut.
 The fort was established as part of the Endicott Program, a large coastal defense project.
It was largely abandoned following World War II.
Over the years, Fort Wright drew a large number of residents to the island.
The 1890s brought a growing summer populatio
The island was called Munnawtawkit by the Pequot Indians. Adriaen Block, the first recorded European visitor, named it Vischer's Island in 1614 after one of his companions.  For the next 25 years, it remained a wilderness, visited occasionally by Dutch traders.
John Winthrop the Younger obtained a grant of Fisher's Island in 1640 from the Massachusetts Bay Colony, "reserving the right of Connecticut if it should be decided to be theirs." He simultaneously applied to the Connecticut General Court for a similar grant in order that there might be no flaw in his title. The title was given to him in the following words, which are copied from the records of a General Court held at Hartford, Connecticut, April 9, 1641:
Upon Mr. Winthrop's motion to the court for Fisher's Island, it is the mind of the court that so far as it hinders not the public good of the country, either for fortifying for defense, or setting up a trade for fishing or salt and such like, he shall have liberty to proceed therein.
Winthrop lived only one winter on the island. He was named governor of the Connecticut Colony 1657-1658 and 1659-1676, and he used the island to raise sheep for food and wool. He died in 1676 and his son Fitz-John installed a lessee farmer from England on the island named William Walworth. Walworth brought a system of cultivation which was continued on the island for nearly 200 years. He established farmland out of the heavily forested island. Walworth and his family vacated the island nine years later due to the threat of pirates. Fishers Island remained in the Winthrop family of Connecticut until 1863, when ownership passed to Robert R. Fox, and then to Edmund and Walton Ferguson, also of Connecticut.
The island was the subject of a border dispute between New York and Connecticut. The states of New York, Connecticut, and Rhode Island meet in the waters east of Fishers Island. Before the British took possession of New York City from the Dutch in 1664, all of Suffolk County was claimed by Connecticut, with British settlers there accepting its jurisdiction. A 1664 land patent given to the Duke of York included all islands in Long Island Sound, apparently thus granting Fishers Island also to the Province of New York.  The Duke of York held a grudge against Connecticut, as the New Haven settlers had hidden three of the judges who sentenced his father King Charles I to death in 1649. Settlers throughout Suffolk County pressed to stay part of Connecticut, but Governor Sir Edmund Andros threatened to eliminate their rights to land if they did not yield, which they did by 1676. A joint commission from Connecticut and New York in 1879 reiterated that New York has legal title to Fishers Island.
The island was a target of British soldiers during the Revolutionary War, who raided islands in Long Island sound for supplies.  Many of the residents of Fishers Island took their herds to the relative safety of Connecticut in 1776.  The raids continued, though, and the British burned many of the island's homes in 1779.
In 1783, brick-making was established as the island's only industry, using the vast amounts of available clay. This business was discontinued in 1889. In 1870, a lifesaving station was erected at the western end of the island by the State of Connecticut, which overlooked the waters between Fishers Island and Little Gull Island. The Race Rock Light was constructed in 1878 as a navigational aid for travel in the Race, located approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Fishers Island. In the early 1900s, a permanent Coast Guard station was built on the west end. In 1898, the Fergusons sold 216 acres (0.9 km²) on the western end to the federal government. This land was developed as Fort H. G. Wright, which was named after the Civil War Union commander who was born in Clinton, Connecticut.  The fort was established as part of the Endicott Program, a large coastal defense project. It was largely abandoned following World War II. Over the years, Fort Wright drew a large number of residents to the island. The 1890s brought a growing summer populatio
Fishers Island, New York