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Relationship between religion and science
Oxford University historian and theologian John Hedley Brooke wrote that `` when natural philosophers referred to laws of nature , they were not glibly choosing that metaphor . Laws were the result of legislation by an intelligent deity . Thus the philosopher René Descartes ( 1596 -- 1650 ) insisted that he was discovering the `` laws that God has put into nature . '' Later Newton would declare that the regulation of the solar system presupposed the `` counsel and dominion of an intelligent and powerful Being . '' Historian Ronald L. Numbers stated that this thesis `` received a boost '' from mathematician and philosopher Alfred North Whitehead 's Science and the Modern World ( 1925 ) . Numbers has also argued , `` Despite the manifest shortcomings of the claim that Christianity gave birth to science -- most glaringly , it ignores or minimizes the contributions of ancient Greeks and medieval Muslims -- it too , refuses to succumb to the death it deserves . '' The sociologist Rodney Stark of Baylor University , argued in contrast that `` Christian theology was essential for the rise of science . ''
Oxford University historian and theologian John Hedley Brooke wrote that `` when natural philosophers referred to laws of nature , they were not glibly choosing that metaphor . Laws were the result of legislation by an intelligent deity . Thus the philosopher René Descartes ( 1596 -- 1650 ) insisted that he was discovering the `` laws that God has put into nature . '' Later Newton would declare that the regulation of the solar system presupposed the `` counsel and dominion of an intelligent and powerful Being . '' Historian Ronald L. Numbers stated that this thesis `` received a boost '' from mathematician and philosopher Alfred North Whitehead 's Science and the Modern World ( 1925 ) . Numbers has also argued , `` Despite the manifest shortcomings of the claim that Christianity gave birth to science -- most glaringly , it ignores or minimizes the contributions of ancient Greeks and medieval Muslims -- it too , refuses to succumb to the death it deserves . '' The sociologist Rodney Stark of Baylor University , argued in contrast that `` Christian theology was essential for the rise of science . ''