What is high temperature for rice?
What happens to rice at high temperature?
High temperature has different effects on rice at different stages of the plant life cycle: reduced germination rate, loss of water, loss of membrane integrity, inhibited photosynthesis, ROS accumulation, phytohormone imbalance, altered carbohydrate, altered lipid metabolism, dead seedlings, and reduced tiller number at the vegetative stage; deformed floral organs, reduced spikelet fertility, reduced spikelet number, changed flower opening time, reduced spikelet fertility, reduced spikelet number, and altered flower opening time at the reproductive stage; reduce starch biosynthesis, lower starch accumulation, boost senescence of functional leaves, reduced grain filling and increased chalkiness rate at the maturity stage.