The scout lateral view and the sagittal reformatted images demonstrate the lumbar spine to be in normal alignment, with a normal lumbar lordosis. The vertebral body and disk space heights are well-maintained. There is no acute fracture. At T11-T12, there is a diffuse disc bulge with slight left foraminal prominence and bilateral facet arthropathy resulting in overall mild-moderate central spinal canal stenosis and likely mild right and mild-moderate left foraminal narrowing. At T12-L1, there is a stable calcified central disc protrusion which indents the ventral thecal sac without stenosis. At L1-L2, there is a progressively mineralizing bilateral paramedian central disc protrusion which results in mild central spinal canal stenosis. There is minimal bilateral facet arthropathy and calcifying ligamentum flavum thickening. At L2-L3, there is a trace disc bulge with central mineralized disc. There is mild ligamentum flavum thickening which is minimally calcified. There is no significant associated stenosis. At L3-L4, there is a stable trace disc bulge with central mineralization. There is mild bilateral ligamentum flavum thickening with flattening of the ventral thecal sac. At L4-L5, there is progressive mineralization associated with the diffuse bulge, with right slightly greater than left foraminal prominence. There is bilateral facet arthropathy and progressively calcified ligamentum flavum thickening. There is resultant severe central spinal canal stenosis and moderate bilateral foraminal narrowing. At L5-S1, there is a mild disc bulge with right foraminal prominence. There is severe bilateral facet arthropathy and ligamentum flavum thickening resulting in overall mild to moderate central spinal canal stenosis and mild-moderate right as well as moderate left foraminal narrowing. Limited views through the retroperitoneum demonstrate prominent aortic and iliac atherosclerotic calcification, as well as involvement of other smaller arterial structures. There are multiple calcified phleboliths within the pelvis as well. There are numerous colonic diverticula without definite noncontrast CT evidence of diverticulitis.
anatomical entity_fin: {'spine': {}}location descriptor_fin: ['lateral']clinical findings_fin: {'normal alignment': {'clinical finding': 'normal alignment', 'existence': 'unc_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'normal', 'observation': 'alignment', 'strength_term': 'normal'}, 'normal lumbar lordosis': {'clinical finding': 'normal lumbar lordosis', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'normal lumbar', 'observation': 'lordosis', 'strength_term': 'normal'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'vertebral body': {}}clinical findings_fin: {'vertebral body and disk space heights': {'clinical finding': 'vertebral body and disk space heights', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'vertebral body and disk space', 'observation': 'height'}}clinical findings_fin: {'acute fracture': {'clinical finding': 'acute fracture', 'cf_snomed': {'fracture': 72704001}, 'existence': 'neg_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'acute', 'observation': 'fracture', 'strength_term': 'acute', 'temporal_term': 'acute'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'disc': {}, 'foraminal': {'location descriptor': 'left'}, 'facet': {'location descriptor': 'bilateral'}, 'spinal canal': {'location descriptor': 'central'}}location descriptor_fin: ['left', 'bilateral', 'central', 'right']clinical findings_fin: {'diffuse disc bulge': {'clinical finding': 'diffuse disc bulge', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'diffuse disc', 'observation': 'bulge'}, 'overall mild-moderate central spinal canal stenosis': {'clinical finding': 'overall mild-moderate central spinal canal stenosis', 'cf_snomed': {'stenosis': 415582006}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'overall mild-moderate central spinal canal', 'observation': 'stenosis', 'strength_term': 'mild - moderate'}, 'likely mild right and mild-moderate left foraminal narrowing': {'clinical finding': 'likely mild right and mild-moderate left foraminal narrowing', 'cf_snomed': {'narrowing': 708528005}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'likely mild right and mild-moderate left foraminal', 'observation': 'narrowing', 'strength_term': 'mild - mild - moderate'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'disc': {'location descriptor': 'central'}, 'thecal sac': {}}location descriptor_fin: ['central']clinical findings_fin: {'stable calcified central disc protrusion': {'clinical finding': 'stable calcified central disc protrusion', 'cf_snomed': {'protrusion': 112639008}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'stable calcified central disc', 'observation': 'protrusion', 'strength_term': 'stable', 'change_term': 'stable - calcified'}, 'stenosis': {'clinical finding': 'stenosis', 'cf_snomed': {'stenosis': 415582006}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'observation': 'stenosis'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'disc': {'location descriptor': 'central'}, 'spinal canal': {'location descriptor': 'central'}}location descriptor_fin: ['bilateral', 'central']clinical findings_fin: {'progressively mineralizing bilateral paramedian central disc protrusion': {'clinical finding': 'progressively mineralizing bilateral paramedian central disc protrusion', 'cf_snomed': {'protrusion': 112639008}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'progressively mineralizing bilateral paramedian central disc', 'observation': 'protrusion'}, 'mild central spinal canal stenosis': {'clinical finding': 'mild central spinal canal stenosis', 'cf_snomed': {'stenosis': 415582006}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'mild central spinal canal', 'observation': 'stenosis', 'strength_term': 'mild'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'facet': {'location descriptor': 'bilateral'}, 'ligamentum flavum': {}}location descriptor_fin: ['bilateral']clinical findings_fin: {'calcifying ligamentum flavum thickening': {'clinical finding': 'calcifying ligamentum flavum thickening', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'calcifying ligamentum flavum', 'observation': 'thickening'}}location descriptor_fin: ['central']clinical findings_fin: {'trace disc bulge': {'clinical finding': 'trace disc bulge', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'trace disc', 'observation': 'bulge'}, 'mineralized disc': {'clinical finding': 'mineralized disc', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'mineralized', 'observation': 'disc'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'ligamentum flavum': {}}clinical findings_fin: {'mild ligamentum flavum thickening': {'clinical finding': 'mild ligamentum flavum thickening', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'mild ligamentum flavum', 'observation': 'thickening', 'strength_term': 'mild'}}clinical findings_fin: {'significant associated stenosis': {'clinical finding': 'significant associated stenosis', 'cf_snomed': {'stenosis': 415582006}, 'existence': 'neg_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'significant associated', 'observation': 'stenosis'}}location descriptor_fin: ['central']clinical findings_fin: {'stable trace disc bulge': {'clinical finding': 'stable trace disc bulge', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'stable trace disc', 'observation': 'bulge', 'strength_term': 'stable', 'change_term': 'stable'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'ligamentum flavum': {'location descriptor': 'bilateral'}}location descriptor_fin: ['bilateral']clinical findings_fin: {'mild bilateral ligamentum flavum thickening': {'clinical finding': 'mild bilateral ligamentum flavum thickening', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'mild bilateral ligamentum flavum', 'observation': 'thickening', 'strength_term': 'mild'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'foraminal': {'location descriptor': 'left'}}location descriptor_fin: ['right', 'left']clinical findings_fin: {'progressive mineralization associated with the diffuse bulge , with right slightly greater than left foraminal prominence': {'clinical finding': 'progressive mineralization associated with the diffuse bulge , with right slightly greater than left foraminal prominence', 'change_term': 'greater'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'facet': {'location descriptor': 'bilateral'}, 'ligamentum flavum': {}}location descriptor_fin: ['bilateral']clinical findings_fin: {'progressively calcified ligamentum flavum thickening': {'clinical finding': 'progressively calcified ligamentum flavum thickening', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'progressively calcified ligamentum flavum', 'observation': 'thickening', 'change_term': 'calcified'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'spinal canal': {'location descriptor': 'central'}}location descriptor_fin: ['central', 'bilateral']clinical findings_fin: {'resultant severe central spinal canal stenosis': {'clinical finding': 'resultant severe central spinal canal stenosis', 'cf_snomed': {'stenosis': 415582006}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'resultant severe central spinal canal', 'observation': 'stenosis', 'strength_term': 'severe'}, 'moderate bilateral foraminal narrowing': {'clinical finding': 'moderate bilateral foraminal narrowing', 'cf_snomed': {'narrowing': 708528005}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'moderate bilateral foraminal', 'observation': 'narrowing', 'strength_term': 'moderate'}}location descriptor_fin: ['right']clinical findings_fin: {'mild disc bulge': {'clinical finding': 'mild disc bulge', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'mild disc', 'observation': 'bulge', 'strength_term': 'mild'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'facet': {'location descriptor': 'bilateral'}, 'ligamentum flavum': {}, 'spinal canal': {'location descriptor': 'central'}}location descriptor_fin: ['bilateral', 'central', 'right', 'left']clinical findings_fin: {'ligamentum flavum thickening': {'clinical finding': 'ligamentum flavum thickening', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'ligamentum flavum', 'observation': 'thickening'}, 'overall mild to moderate central spinal canal stenosis': {'clinical finding': 'overall mild to moderate central spinal canal stenosis', 'cf_snomed': {'stenosis': 415582006}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'overall mild to moderate central spinal canal', 'observation': 'stenosis', 'strength_term': 'mild - moderate'}, 'mild-moderate right as well as moderate left foraminal narrowing': {'clinical finding': 'mild-moderate right as well as moderate left foraminal narrowing', 'cf_snomed': {'narrowing': 708528005}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'mild-moderate right as well as moderate left foraminal', 'observation': 'narrowing', 'strength_term': 'mild - moderate - moderate'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'retroperitoneum': {}}clinical findings_fin: {'prominent aortic and iliac atherosclerotic calcification': {'clinical finding': 'prominent aortic and iliac atherosclerotic calcification', 'existence': 'unc_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'prominent aortic and iliac atherosclerotic', 'observation': 'calcification', 'strength_term': 'prominent'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'pelvis': {}}clinical findings_fin: {'multiple calcified phleboliths': {'clinical finding': 'multiple calcified phleboliths', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'multiple calcified', 'observation': 'phlebolith', 'quantity_term': 'multiple', 'change_term': 'calcified'}}clinical findings_fin: {'numerous colonic diverticula': {'clinical finding': 'numerous colonic diverticula', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'numerous colonic', 'observation': 'diverticula', 'quantity_term': 'numerous'}, 'diverticulitis': {'clinical finding': 'diverticulitis', 'cf_snomed': {'diverticulitis': 307496006}, 'existence': 'neg_dx', 'observation': 'diverticulitis'}}
<s>[INST] Write the finding section for a radiology report based on the following information: anatomical entity_fin: {'spine': {}}location descriptor_fin: ['lateral']clinical findings_fin: {'normal alignment': {'clinical finding': 'normal alignment', 'existence': 'unc_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'normal', 'observation': 'alignment', 'strength_term': 'normal'}, 'normal lumbar lordosis': {'clinical finding': 'normal lumbar lordosis', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'normal lumbar', 'observation': 'lordosis', 'strength_term': 'normal'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'vertebral body': {}}clinical findings_fin: {'vertebral body and disk space heights': {'clinical finding': 'vertebral body and disk space heights', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'vertebral body and disk space', 'observation': 'height'}}clinical findings_fin: {'acute fracture': {'clinical finding': 'acute fracture', 'cf_snomed': {'fracture': 72704001}, 'existence': 'neg_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'acute', 'observation': 'fracture', 'strength_term': 'acute', 'temporal_term': 'acute'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'disc': {}, 'foraminal': {'location descriptor': 'left'}, 'facet': {'location descriptor': 'bilateral'}, 'spinal canal': {'location descriptor': 'central'}}location descriptor_fin: ['left', 'bilateral', 'central', 'right']clinical findings_fin: {'diffuse disc bulge': {'clinical finding': 'diffuse disc bulge', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'diffuse disc', 'observation': 'bulge'}, 'overall mild-moderate central spinal canal stenosis': {'clinical finding': 'overall mild-moderate central spinal canal stenosis', 'cf_snomed': {'stenosis': 415582006}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'overall mild-moderate central spinal canal', 'observation': 'stenosis', 'strength_term': 'mild - moderate'}, 'likely mild right and mild-moderate left foraminal narrowing': {'clinical finding': 'likely mild right and mild-moderate left foraminal narrowing', 'cf_snomed': {'narrowing': 708528005}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'likely mild right and mild-moderate left foraminal', 'observation': 'narrowing', 'strength_term': 'mild - mild - moderate'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'disc': {'location descriptor': 'central'}, 'thecal sac': {}}location descriptor_fin: ['central']clinical findings_fin: {'stable calcified central disc protrusion': {'clinical finding': 'stable calcified central disc protrusion', 'cf_snomed': {'protrusion': 112639008}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'stable calcified central disc', 'observation': 'protrusion', 'strength_term': 'stable', 'change_term': 'stable - calcified'}, 'stenosis': {'clinical finding': 'stenosis', 'cf_snomed': {'stenosis': 415582006}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'observation': 'stenosis'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'disc': {'location descriptor': 'central'}, 'spinal canal': {'location descriptor': 'central'}}location descriptor_fin: ['bilateral', 'central']clinical findings_fin: {'progressively mineralizing bilateral paramedian central disc protrusion': {'clinical finding': 'progressively mineralizing bilateral paramedian central disc protrusion', 'cf_snomed': {'protrusion': 112639008}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'progressively mineralizing bilateral paramedian central disc', 'observation': 'protrusion'}, 'mild central spinal canal stenosis': {'clinical finding': 'mild central spinal canal stenosis', 'cf_snomed': {'stenosis': 415582006}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'mild central spinal canal', 'observation': 'stenosis', 'strength_term': 'mild'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'facet': {'location descriptor': 'bilateral'}, 'ligamentum flavum': {}}location descriptor_fin: ['bilateral']clinical findings_fin: {'calcifying ligamentum flavum thickening': {'clinical finding': 'calcifying ligamentum flavum thickening', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'calcifying ligamentum flavum', 'observation': 'thickening'}}location descriptor_fin: ['central']clinical findings_fin: {'trace disc bulge': {'clinical finding': 'trace disc bulge', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'trace disc', 'observation': 'bulge'}, 'mineralized disc': {'clinical finding': 'mineralized disc', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'mineralized', 'observation': 'disc'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'ligamentum flavum': {}}clinical findings_fin: {'mild ligamentum flavum thickening': {'clinical finding': 'mild ligamentum flavum thickening', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'mild ligamentum flavum', 'observation': 'thickening', 'strength_term': 'mild'}}clinical findings_fin: {'significant associated stenosis': {'clinical finding': 'significant associated stenosis', 'cf_snomed': {'stenosis': 415582006}, 'existence': 'neg_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'significant associated', 'observation': 'stenosis'}}location descriptor_fin: ['central']clinical findings_fin: {'stable trace disc bulge': {'clinical finding': 'stable trace disc bulge', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'stable trace disc', 'observation': 'bulge', 'strength_term': 'stable', 'change_term': 'stable'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'ligamentum flavum': {'location descriptor': 'bilateral'}}location descriptor_fin: ['bilateral']clinical findings_fin: {'mild bilateral ligamentum flavum thickening': {'clinical finding': 'mild bilateral ligamentum flavum thickening', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'mild bilateral ligamentum flavum', 'observation': 'thickening', 'strength_term': 'mild'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'foraminal': {'location descriptor': 'left'}}location descriptor_fin: ['right', 'left']clinical findings_fin: {'progressive mineralization associated with the diffuse bulge , with right slightly greater than left foraminal prominence': {'clinical finding': 'progressive mineralization associated with the diffuse bulge , with right slightly greater than left foraminal prominence', 'change_term': 'greater'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'facet': {'location descriptor': 'bilateral'}, 'ligamentum flavum': {}}location descriptor_fin: ['bilateral']clinical findings_fin: {'progressively calcified ligamentum flavum thickening': {'clinical finding': 'progressively calcified ligamentum flavum thickening', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'progressively calcified ligamentum flavum', 'observation': 'thickening', 'change_term': 'calcified'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'spinal canal': {'location descriptor': 'central'}}location descriptor_fin: ['central', 'bilateral']clinical findings_fin: {'resultant severe central spinal canal stenosis': {'clinical finding': 'resultant severe central spinal canal stenosis', 'cf_snomed': {'stenosis': 415582006}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'resultant severe central spinal canal', 'observation': 'stenosis', 'strength_term': 'severe'}, 'moderate bilateral foraminal narrowing': {'clinical finding': 'moderate bilateral foraminal narrowing', 'cf_snomed': {'narrowing': 708528005}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'moderate bilateral foraminal', 'observation': 'narrowing', 'strength_term': 'moderate'}}location descriptor_fin: ['right']clinical findings_fin: {'mild disc bulge': {'clinical finding': 'mild disc bulge', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'mild disc', 'observation': 'bulge', 'strength_term': 'mild'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'facet': {'location descriptor': 'bilateral'}, 'ligamentum flavum': {}, 'spinal canal': {'location descriptor': 'central'}}location descriptor_fin: ['bilateral', 'central', 'right', 'left']clinical findings_fin: {'ligamentum flavum thickening': {'clinical finding': 'ligamentum flavum thickening', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'ligamentum flavum', 'observation': 'thickening'}, 'overall mild to moderate central spinal canal stenosis': {'clinical finding': 'overall mild to moderate central spinal canal stenosis', 'cf_snomed': {'stenosis': 415582006}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'overall mild to moderate central spinal canal', 'observation': 'stenosis', 'strength_term': 'mild - moderate'}, 'mild-moderate right as well as moderate left foraminal narrowing': {'clinical finding': 'mild-moderate right as well as moderate left foraminal narrowing', 'cf_snomed': {'narrowing': 708528005}, 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'mild-moderate right as well as moderate left foraminal', 'observation': 'narrowing', 'strength_term': 'mild - moderate - moderate'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'retroperitoneum': {}}clinical findings_fin: {'prominent aortic and iliac atherosclerotic calcification': {'clinical finding': 'prominent aortic and iliac atherosclerotic calcification', 'existence': 'unc_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'prominent aortic and iliac atherosclerotic', 'observation': 'calcification', 'strength_term': 'prominent'}}anatomical entity_fin: {'pelvis': {}}clinical findings_fin: {'multiple calcified phleboliths': {'clinical finding': 'multiple calcified phleboliths', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'multiple calcified', 'observation': 'phlebolith', 'quantity_term': 'multiple', 'change_term': 'calcified'}}clinical findings_fin: {'numerous colonic diverticula': {'clinical finding': 'numerous colonic diverticula', 'existence': 'pos_dx', 'descriptive_term': 'numerous colonic', 'observation': 'diverticula', 'quantity_term': 'numerous'}, 'diverticulitis': {'clinical finding': 'diverticulitis', 'cf_snomed': {'diverticulitis': 307496006}, 'existence': 'neg_dx', 'observation': 'diverticulitis'}} [/INST] The scout lateral view and the sagittal reformatted images demonstrate the lumbar spine to be in normal alignment, with a normal lumbar lordosis. The vertebral body and disk space heights are well-maintained. There is no acute fracture. At T11-T12, there is a diffuse disc bulge with slight left foraminal prominence and bilateral facet arthropathy resulting in overall mild-moderate central spinal canal stenosis and likely mild right and mild-moderate left foraminal narrowing. At T12-L1, there is a stable calcified central disc protrusion which indents the ventral thecal sac without stenosis. At L1-L2, there is a progressively mineralizing bilateral paramedian central disc protrusion which results in mild central spinal canal stenosis. There is minimal bilateral facet arthropathy and calcifying ligamentum flavum thickening. At L2-L3, there is a trace disc bulge with central mineralized disc. There is mild ligamentum flavum thickening which is minimally calcified. There is no significant associated stenosis. At L3-L4, there is a stable trace disc bulge with central mineralization. There is mild bilateral ligamentum flavum thickening with flattening of the ventral thecal sac. At L4-L5, there is progressive mineralization associated with the diffuse bulge, with right slightly greater than left foraminal prominence. There is bilateral facet arthropathy and progressively calcified ligamentum flavum thickening. There is resultant severe central spinal canal stenosis and moderate bilateral foraminal narrowing. At L5-S1, there is a mild disc bulge with right foraminal prominence. There is severe bilateral facet arthropathy and ligamentum flavum thickening resulting in overall mild to moderate central spinal canal stenosis and mild-moderate right as well as moderate left foraminal narrowing. Limited views through the retroperitoneum demonstrate prominent aortic and iliac atherosclerotic calcification, as well as involvement of other smaller arterial structures. There are multiple calcified phleboliths within the pelvis as well. There are numerous colonic diverticula without definite noncontrast CT evidence of diverticulitis. </s>