In addition to mandatory testing to bring a new vaccine or antiviral drug into the clinic for the first time, manufacturers must ensure that potential long-term or chronic toxicities are well defined, including effects on systems not previously studied (fertility , reproduction, immune system, among others).
Kwa kuongezea vipimo vinavyohitajika kutoa chanjo kipya au dawa ya kukinga virusi kwa kliniki kwa mara ya kwanza, lazima watengenezaji wahakikishe kuwa sumu zozote za muda mrefu au za kudumu zimetambuliwa vizuri, ikiwemo athari kwenye mifumo ambayo haijachunguzwa hapo awali (uwezo wa kupata mimba, uzazi, mfumo wa kinga, kati ya zingine).