The U.S., Europe, Japan and other trading partners complain Beijing's tactics including outright theft of foreign technology and subsidies and protection from competition for fledgling Chinese industries.
Marekani, Ulaya, Japan na washirika wengine wa kibiashara wanalalamikia mbinu za Beijing zikiwemo wizi wa moja kwa moja wa teknolojia ya kigeni na ruzuku na ulinzi dhidi ya ushindani wa viwanda vichanga vya China.