Most are formulated with isopropyl alcohol or ethanol combined with a thickening agent such as carbomer (polymer of acrylic acid) to obtain a gel, or a humectant such as glycerine to obtain a liquid. or a foam for greater ease of use and to reduce the drying effect of alcohol.
Nyingi zina alkoholi ya isopropyl au ethanoli ilichanganywa na viungo vya kuzipa uzito kama vile Carbomer (polymer ya asidi ya acrylic) na kuunda mafuta, au kiongezaji unyevu kama vile kuifanya gliserini kuwa oevu, au povu ili itumike haraka na kupunguza athari za ukavu za alkoholi.