Ubutumwa k'urubyiruko
Munyandiko ya [A. Waberi] k'ubutumwa bw'umwanditsi, umunyamateka wo mugihugu cya Mali Amadou Hampâté Bâ n'inyigisho yandikiye urubyiruko rw'umugabane w' Africa ndetse n'indi migabane ahasaga mu 1980, nyuma yo kubona ibibazo byugarije urubyiruko aho babona ubuzima n'imibereho ikakaye kubw'ubukungu nokuba ntacyizere cy'ahazaza bahitamo kw'iroha munzira zigana amahanga kenshi bagapfira munyanja bambuka n'ibindi bizazane nko kwitanga mubucakara, Amadou Hampâté Bâ mbere y'urupfu rwe ahasanga mu 1991 yahanuriye urubyiruko ko ahazaza hateye impungenge k'ubumuntu ndetse n'imibanire/ ubwuzuzanye, ahamagarira urubyiruko kugira  intekerezo zifungutse, ubumwe utitaye kubidutandukanya, ibiganiro byo mumatsinda ndetse nubwumvikane, mumugani agira ati,"ubuzima bwamuntu ni nk'igiti, urubyaro uko rusimburanwa ni nk'umukozi wo mubusitani, umukozi mwiza ntago ari urandura imizi y'igiti ahubwo n'umenya uko akonorera amashami yapfuye kandi aho biri ngombwa akayakoresha iby'umumaro wundi, urubyiruko rugomba kuba nk'uwo mukozi mwiza rugashinga imizi, maze rukazigama ntabwoba bw'ahazaza."

Inyandikofatizo