Ubumuga
Ubumuga nibintu byose bituma bigora cyane umuntu gukora ibikorwa runaka cyangwa gukorana neza nisi ibakikije (mubuzima cyangwa mubintu). Ibi bintu, cyangwa ubumuga, birashobora kuba ubwenge, iterambere, ubwenge, ubwenge, umubiri, ibyiyumvo, cyangwa guhuza ibintu byinshi. Ubumuga butera ubumuga bushobora kuboneka kuva ukivuka cyangwa burashobora kuboneka mubuzima bwumuntu. Amateka, ubumuga bwafashwe nkaho bukwiranye nigihe gito - icyakora, ubumuga ntabwo ari binary kandi burashobora kwerekana ibimenyetso byihariye bitewe numuntu kugiti cye.  Akenshi, abamugaye "bari mu bwigunge bitari ngombwa kandi ntibatanzwe mu ruhare rwose muri sosiyete."  Amasezerano y’umuryango w’abibumbye y’uburenganzira bw’abafite ubumuga asobanura ubumuga nka:

ubumuga bwigihe kirekire bwumubiri, ubwonko, ubwenge cyangwa ibyumviro bishobora gukorana nimbogamizi zitandukanye bishobora kubangamira uruhare rwumuntu kandi rugaragara muri societe muburyo bungana nabandi.Ubumuga nigitekerezo kiburanwa, hamwe no guhindura ibisobanuro mumiryango itandukanye.  Yiswe "itandukaniro rikubiyemo",  ariko iryo jambo rishobora nanone kwerekeza ku miterere y'umubiri cyangwa iy'ibitekerezo ibigo bimwe na bimwe, cyane cyane ubuvuzi, bibona ko bigomba gukosorwa ( icyitegererezo cy'ubuvuzi ). Irashobora kandi kwerekeza ku mbogamizi zashyizweho ku bantu n'imbogamizi z'umuryango ushoboye ( icyitegererezo cy'imibereho ); cyangwa ijambo rishobora gukorera kwerekeza kubiranga abamugaye. Ubushobozi bwimikorere ya Physiologique (PFC) ni igipimo cyurwego rwimikorere yumuntu kugena ubushobozi bwumuntu gukora imirimo yumubiri mubuzima bwa buri munsi nuburyo bworoshye iyi mirimo ikorwa. PFC igabanuka uko imyaka igenda ishira kandi bishobora kuviramo intege nke, ubwenge bwubwenge, cyangwa indwara zumubiri, ibyo byose bishobora gutuma abantu bamenyekanisha ko bafite ubumuga.  Raporo y'Isi ishinzwe ubumuga ivuga ko 15% by'abatuye isi cyangwa abantu miliyari imwe bahuye n'ubumuga.  Ubumuga bushobora kugaragara byoroshye, cyangwa butagaragara muri kamere.

Amagambo

Handicap cg Ubumuga 

Ijambo ubumuga cg Handcup mundizamahanga  rikomoka ku mukino wo mu kinyejana cya Hand-in-capaho abakinnyi babiri bacuruza ibintu, naho umuntu wa gatatu, utabogamye acira itandukaniro agaciro hagati yibyo atunze.  Igitekerezo cyumuntu udafite aho abogamiye nimugoroba nticyagaragaye no mu gusiganwa ku bamugaye hagati mu kinyejana cya 18 rwagati, aho amafarashi atwara uburemere butandukanye hashingiwe ku kigereranyo cy’umusifuzi cyerekana icyatuma bakora kimwe. Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 20 iryo jambo ryabonye ubundi busobanuro bwo gusobanura ubumuga, mu buryo umuntu ufite ubumuga yari afite umutwaro uremereye kuruta uko byari bisanzwe.  Iki gitekerezo rero, cyiyongera ku myumvire yubumuga nkumutwaro, cyangwa ikibazo cyumuntu ku giti cye, aho kuba ikibazo cyabaturage.

Kuboneka 
Kugerwaho ni urwego ibicuruzwa, serivisi cyangwa ibidukikije biboneka kugirango bikoreshwe kubantu babikeneye. Abantu bafite ubumuga bumwe na bumwe barwana no kubona ibintu bimwe muri sosiyete. Kurugero, impumyi ntishobora gusoma impapuro zacapwe, bityo ntabone uburyo bwo gutora busaba gutora impapuro.

Amacumbi 

Impinduka itezimbere. Kurugero, niba amajwi yo gutora aboneka muri braille cyangwa kumashini yandika -imvugo, cyangwa niba undi muntu asomye amajwi impumyi akandika amahitamo, noneho impumyi yabona uburyo bwo gutora.

Igitera Ubumuga 
Hariho impamvu nyinshi zitandukanye zitera ubumuga zikunze kugira ingaruka kubikorwa byibanze byubuzima bwa buri munsi, nko kurya, kwambara, kwimura, no kubungabunga isuku yumuntu ; cyangwa ibikorwa byiterambere byubuzima bwa buri munsi nko guhaha, gutegura ibiryo, gutwara, cyangwa gukora. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko ubusanzwe ibitera ubumuga bigenwa nubushobozi bwumuntu bwo gukora ibikorwa byubuzima bwa buri munsi. Nkuko Marta Russell na Ravi Malhotra babivuga, "'ubuvuzi' bw’abafite ubumuga hamwe n’ibikoresho byo mu byiciro byagize uruhare runini mu gushyiraho amacakubiri hagati y’abafite ubumuga n’abafite ubushobozi.  Iyi myanya y’ubumuga nka a ikibazo kigomba gukemurwa hifashishijwe ubuvuzi, butubuza kumva icyo ubumuga bushobora gusobanura

Referances 
Health