Urusenda
Urusenda (ubuke: Insenda ; izina ry’ubumenyi mu kilatini  Capsicum frutescens) ni ikimera.Urusenda ni urubuto rutukura, rukundwa n’abantu batandukanye, hari n’abadashobora gufata ifunguro ryabo batarubonye. Abenshi bavuga ko rubongerera ubushake bwo kurya nubwo baba batabishakaga cyane, abandi bakavuga ko rutuma bumva ibyo kurya bibaryoheye kurushaho iyo babishyizemo urusenda.

Tumenye Urusenda 
Urusenda nubwo ruryana cyane, ariko ni rumwe mu birungo bikundwa na benshi kandi byamamaye kuva cyera, ruzwiho gukiza indwara zitandukanye kimwe no kugirira akamaro ubuzima bwacu.Kuryana cg gukara k’urusenda bituruka ku binyabutabire byo mu bwoko bwa alkaloid birugize, aribyo: capsaicin, capsanthin na capsorubin.Ntihigeze kubaho uburyo bworoshye bwo gutegura amafunguro aryoshye kurenza gukoresha urusenda, iki kiribwa gikoreshwa mu mafunguro atandukanye kandi rugira intungamubiri z’ingenzi dukenera mu mibereho ya buri munsi.Urusenda rukoreshwa mu gikoni nk’ikirungo cyo kongera uburyohe ariko si ibyo gusa, ahubwo inzobere mu mirire bavuga ko rufite intungamubiri nyinshi ndetse rurinda uburwayi butandukanye.bahanga iyo barebye uburyo urusenda ruremye barubarira mu mbuto aho kuba urubogaNk’uko tubikesha urubuga femmeactuelle.fr, hari abarya urusenda kuko bazi ibyiza byarwo, byo kuba rutuma abarurya barama, bakabaho igihe kirekire, ariko rufite n’ibindi byiza.Kurya urusenda bifite akamaro ku mubiri wa muntu ,burya urusenda si ikirungo gusa ahubwo runakungahaye ku ntungamubiri nkenerwa ku mubiri wa muntu zirimo n'amavitamini .Urusenda rugira akantu gakerera cyangwa gasharirira umuntu ururya ,rwajya no mu maso hakakuryaryata n'amarira akisuka , urusenda rushibora gukorwamo agafu ,kaminjirwa mu biryo  ,ushobora kurwotsa cyangwa rugategurwa nkuko urusenda rw'akabanga rumeze.

Akamaro k’urusenda ku buzima 
Urusenda rugira ubwonko butandukanye bwa vitamine E . Iyo vitamine E ikaba igira uruhare mu gukumira indwara zinyuranye nka kanseri zimwe na zimwe, indwara zifata ku bwonko n’indwara.Urusenda rugira vitamine C, iyo vitamine C ikaba ifasha ubuzima bw’amagufa, amenyo, ishinya.Ikindi kandi iyo Vitamine C ituma mu gihe umuntu akomeretse akira vuba.Urusenda rugira vitamine B6. Iyo vitamine ifasha mu ikorwa ry’amaraso, ituma umwuka mwiza “oxygène” utembera mu mubiri, ndetse yongerera umubiri ubudahangarwa .Urusenda rugura ubutare butandukanye nka “fer”, “manganese” na “cuivre”. Ubwo butare bugira uruhare rukomeye mu ikorwa ry’amaraso, kurinda imitsi itembereza maraso kwangirika.Urusenda rurinda uturemangingo tw’umubiri (cellules) kwingirika, bityo bikawurinda indwara zitandukanye zirimo iz’umutima, na za kanseri zitandukanye.urusenda rukungahaye kuri beta karotene na antioxydants zunganira umubiri kandi zifasha mu kurwanya ibicurane na grippe.Urusenda rurimo potasiyumu; avuga ko uyu ari umunyu ngugu w’ingenzi ukora imirimo itandukanye, harimo no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara umutima.Potasiyumu kandi ifasha mu kuringaniza amatembabuzi mu mubiri no gukweduka kw’imikaya (muscles).Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye kandi ko urusenda rushobora kugabanya umuvuduko wamaraso bigatuma wumva udashonje.Mu rusenda habamo Capsaicin ishobora no guhindura intungamubiri mu mubiri kugira ngo irwanye ibinure.Capsaicin rero ni bumwe mu buryo bwuzuye bwo kugabanya ibiro bityo umuntu agaca ukubiri n’indwara ziturutse ku mubyibuho ukabije.Ni isoko nziza ya vitamin A n’izindi flavonoids nka beta-carotene, alpha carotene, lutein, zea-xanthin na cryptoxanthin, ibi byose biri mu rusenda bifasha umubiri kuwurinda uburozi butandukanye n’ibindi byose bishobora kuwangiza mu gihe urwaye indwara zikomeye cg stress,Urusenda ni isoko nziza ya vitamin B zitandukanye harimo: B1 (thiamine), B2 (riboflavin), B3 (niacin) na B6 (pyridoxine). Zifasha mu mikorere y’umubiri itandukanye; nko kurinda imikorere mibi y’imitsi, mu gutunganya poroteyine no gukorwa kw’imisemburo.Urusenda rwifitiye imyunyungugu myinshi nka: potasiyumu, ubutare na manyesiyumu. Potasiyumu ni ingenzi cyane ku mikorere y’uturemangingo n’amatembabuzi afasha mu miterere y’umutima n’umuvuduko w’amaraso. Ubutare nabwo bufasha mu ikorwa ry’amaraso.Ku rubuga healthline.com, bo bavuga uburyo butandukanye bwo gutegura urusenda, harimo kuruteka, kurwumisha bakarusya nyuma bakarurya ari ifu.Kuri urwo rubuga basobanura akamaro ka Vitamine zitandukanye ziba mu rusenda nka Vitamin C, Vitamin B6 na Vitamin K1. Iyo Vitamine K1 igira uruhare rukomeye K1 mu kurwanya ukwipfundika kw’amaraso, mu buzima bwiza bw’amagufa no mu mikorere myiza y’impyiko.Muri macye kurya urusenda ni ingenzi mu buzima bw’umuntu kuko rwuzuyemo intungamubiri zitandukanye kandi rukagira umumaro wo kurinda indwara zimwe na zimwe, kubw’ibyo urusenda ntirukwiye kubura mu ifunguro ryawe cyeretse ubaye ufite ubundi burwayi butakwemerera kururya.

Ingaruka  cyangwa icyitonderwa kurya Urusenda 
Urusenda rubamo capsaicin, ituma rukara cyane kandi rukaryana, iyo waruriye ku bwinshi wumva mu kanwa, ku rurimi cg mu muhogo hokerwa cyane.Capsaicin iyo ihuye n’ururenda rwo mu kanwa, mu muhogo cg mu gifu ushobora kumva umeze nk’uri gushya, ibi ushobora kubivura unywa amata akonje cg se yogurt (yawurute); afasha mu kugabanya bwa buribwe binyuze mu kugabanya igipimo cya capsaicin muri rwa rurenda, ashobora no kurinda ko bihura.Ku bantu bafite ikibazo cy’uburwayi mu gifu, cyane cyane ikirungurira si byiza kurya urusenda kuko rwongera uburwayi.Mu gihe wakoze ku rusenda ugomba kwirinda gukora mu maso, mu gihe byakubayeho gufata amazi akonje ukazajya woza mu maso bigabanya ubwo buryaryate.Urusenda rushobora gutuma umuntu ababara mu gifu bigakurikirwa n’impiswi, bikaba byanatera abantu bamwe ibibazo mu mara.Urusenda ruvugwaho ibibi n’ibyiza ku bijyanye n’indwara ya kanseri, kuko hari ubushakashatsi bwakorewe mu Buhinde bugaragaza ko umuntu ukunda kurya urusenda rushobora kumuteza ibyago byo kurwara kanseri yo mu kanwa cyangwa se iyo mu muhogo.Icyiza ni uko umuntu yarya urusenda mu rugero ruringaniye,kandi akabanza kumenya niba umubiri we urwihanganira, kuko nk’uko twabisobanuye hari abo rugiraho ingaruka mbi. Ariko hari n’abarukoresha rukabazanira ubuzima bwiza.Abarurya bakagira ibibazo bitandukanye harimo n’ibijyanye n’igogora, bagirwa inama yo kurureka.Ku bantu bamwe kurya urusenda bishobora kubatera ibibazo byo kubabara mu gifu cyangwa bakagira iseseme ,byose bigaterwa nuko umubiri w'umuntu warwakiriye cyangwa nanone bishobora guterwa n'uburwayi bw'igifu ku bantu cyazahaje.

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