You are an AI assistant tasked with analyzing a passage of text to insert retrieval tokens and identify Prefix-intent (PI) and Key Factual Information (KFI). A Prefix-Intent (PI) should be a piece of text that should precede factual information, it must not be only 1 or 2 words. Key Factual Information (KFI) should be meaningful and include important details.

Your goal is to insert a  <|retrieval|> token after it is clear what the intent of the text is (e.g., "The president of the USA is"), but  before the key factual information is stated (e.g., "Joe Biden"). Whenever there is a <|retrieval|> token, we will retrieve the key factual information.

Here is the passage you will be working with:

<passage>
the shore of this seaway early in the Cretaceous. The up to 150 foot (45 m) thick formation consists of fine-grained tan to brownish-gray colored quartz-rich sandstone that is interbedded with thin layers of carbon-rich shale, coal, and conglomerate. Petrified wood is found in the lower part of the formation while fossilized marine bivalves such as Corbula and Pycnodonte newberryi are in the upper layers. This fossil progression shows a record of flooding that created the seaway. Dakota erode into small cliffs and hogbacks that can be seen in the southern section of the park. Mancos Shale and Mesaverde Formation (Cretaceous) Approximately 94 to 85 million years ago, the seaway advanced onto and retreated from land as it laid down the Mancos Shale. The Mancos is composed mostly of shale but two of its members, the Ferron and Muley Canyon, are sandstone that were laid down when relative sea level temporarily dropped. The five Mancos members from oldest to youngest are: Tununk Shale, Ferron Sandstone, Blue Gate Shale, Muley Canyon, and Masuk. Parts of this formation are found in some mesas and buttes in the southernmost part of the park and in badlands east of the park. Open marine conditions created the locally 40 to 720 feet (12 to 220 m) thick gullied slope-forming Tununk Shale Member. It is made of bluish-gray shale with interbedded mudstone, fine-grained sandstone and siltstone. The Tununk erodes into a slope and is locally fossil-rich. It is most prominently exposed in the Blue Desert immediately southeast of Cathedral Valley and contains fossilized examples of cephalopods, bivalves, and fish scales. A wave-dominated delta and river system then spread over the area, creating the locally 205 to 385 feet (62 to 117 m) thick cliff-forming Ferron Sandstone. It is composed of brown fine-grained sandstone along with white cross-bedded sandstone with interbedded carbonate-rich gray shale. The marine bivalve Inoceramus and trace fossils of Ophiomorpha are found in the lower part of this member. Ferron Sandstone north of the area contains seams of coal in its upper part, prompting some petroleum geologists to study this member to model oil-bearing regions. Open marine conditions returned in the Late Cretaceous, forming the locally 1,200 to 1,500 foot (365 to 460 m) thick slope-forming Blue Gate Shale. This member is composed of bentonite rich clays, siltstone and some sandstone. It erodes into gullied slopes similar in appearance to the Tununk Shale. The presence of two species of planktonic foraminifera in the upper Blue Gate, Clioscaphites vermiformis and Clioscaphites choteauenis, was used to date this member. An ancient shoreline once again approached the area, resulting in the formation of the locally 300 to 400 feet (90 to 120 m) thick Muley Canyon Member. It is composed of evenly bedded, fine-grained sandstone and carbon-rich shales. Coal beds are found in the upper parts of this member, indicating continental coastal plain conditions at that time. Alternating layers of shallow marine and non-marine sediments were deposited as the shoreline fluctuated back and forth over the area. These sediments became the locally 650 to 750 foot (200 to 230 m) thick Masuk Member. The Masuk consists of cliff-forming cross-bedded sandstones and slope-forming yellowish-gray to bluish-gray mudstones with interbedded light gray sandstones. Fossils of bivalves, ceratopsian dinosaurs, crocodiles, gastropods, and turtles have been collected in this member. The Western Interior Seaway was shrinking due to infilling and uplift while the high mountains to the east were being reduced by erosion. Barrier beaches and river deltas migrated eastward into the seaway. The resulting 300 to 400 foot (90 to 120 m) thick Mesaverde Formation consists of light-brown to dark-gray
</passage>

Follow these steps to complete the task:

1. Inserting retrieval tokens:
   a. Read through the text carefully.
   b. Identify potential Prefix-Intent (PI) sections that consist of a single intent and could serve as a search query. You must not modify the prefix intent and it MUST be part verbatim in the passage. It cannot be single or only a few words.
   c. For each identified PI, evaluate if the following sentence/subsentece that could serve as Key Factual Information (KFI).
   d. Insert <|retrieval|> tokens into the text AFTER the Prefix Intent (PI) and BEFORE key factual information is stated (KFI).
   e. Key Factual information should not intersect with Prefix Intent.

2. Identifying Prefix-Intent (PI) and Key Factual Information (KFI):
   a. For each <|retrieval|> token you've inserted, identify the preceding text as the Prefix-Intent (PI).
   b. Identify the following text, up to the next PI, as the Key Factual Information (KFI).
   c. Ensure that both PI and FI are short subsentences or phrases but not 1 or 2 words.

3. Insert <|start-PI|>,<|end-PI|>, <|start-KFI|>, <|end-KFI|>.
   a. For each identified Prefix Intent (PI), add a start and end special tokens (<|start-PI|>,<|end-PI|>) to quickly identify them.
   b. Do the same for the Key Factual Information (KFI) (<|start-KFI|>, <|end-KFI|>)
   c. Ensure that the very first PI in the passage is preceded by <|start-PI|>.
   d. Double-check that every PI and KFI is properly enclosed in these tags.

4. Describing ideal retrieved information:
   a. Given the Prefix-Intent (PI) and Key Factual Information (KFI), imagine an ideal retriever and enormous corpus. 
   b. Using the retriever and corpus, imagine that you can retrieve information given the Prefix-Intent.  
   c. Describe how that content should look like so it helps generating the Key Factual Information (KFI)


5. Reformulate the Prefix Intent if necessary: Reformulate it to not be impersonal. This means that if the subject it is not identified (e.g. it, he, she) you need to add the appropriate subject so the prefix-intent can be understood by itself. The subject should be changed from the previous information in the passage. Reformulated Prefix should not add any extra information or intent that is not mentioned in the original Prefix Intent.


6. Output format:
   For each pair of Prefix-Intent (PI) and Key Factual Information (KFI) you identify, provide the following output separating each example in a JSON list output. Ensure that it is actually a JSON.

   - Prefix_intent: [Write the Prefix Intent here]
   - Prefix_reformulated: [Write the Prefix Intent reformulated]
   - Key_Factual_Information: [Write the Key Factual Information here]
   - Verification: [Confirm that the KFI can be directly derived from the PI given a strictly connected context]
   - Ideal_Knowledge: [Describe how the ideal retrieved content should look to generate the KFI]
   - Explanation: [Briefly explain how the PI and KFI connect and why you chose to insert the <|retrieval|> token in that position]


7. Final step:
   After you have completed the analysis and provided outputs for all identified PI-KFI pairs, present the original passage with the <|retrieval|> tokens inserted in their appropriate positions

Here's an example of the expected output format:

Passage: Girmal Falls General This waterfall extends to a height of up to 100 feet, making it the highest waterfall of Gujarat. The picturesque beauty of this site makes it popular among visitors and people of the region alike. The water swiftly falls from a great height, creating a fog like condition that’s eye catching. The government of this state is working on many projects to make this place an ideal picnic spot and a tourist attraction. The fall comes to its best form at the time of monsoon and provides an immensely striking appearance. Some of the best natural features of Gujarat can be explored in this place. This place is a nice and refreshing retreat for any traveler.

```json
{ "results" : [
  {
    "Prefix_intent": "Girmal Falls General This waterfall extends to a height of up to",
    "Prefix_reformulated": "What is the height of Girmal Falls?",
    "Key_Factual_Information": "100 feet, making it the highest waterfall of Gujarat",
    "Verification": "The KFI directly provides the height information requested in the PI.",
    "Ideal_Knowledge": "A list of waterfalls in Gujarat, India, with their heights and rankings, specifically mentioning Girmal Falls as the highest at 100 feet.",
    "Explanation": "The PI introduces Girmal Falls and sets up a query about its height, while the KFI provides the specific measurement and its significance. The <|retrieval|> token is inserted to indicate where additional information might be needed to support the factual statement."
  },
  {
    "Prefix_intent": "The water swiftly falls from a great height, creating",
    "Prefix_reformulated": "What does the water falling from Girmal Falls create?",
    "Key_Factual_Information": "a fog like condition that's eye catching",
    "Verification": "The KFI directly describes the effect created by the falling water, as prompted by the PI.",
    "Ideal_Knowledge": "Detailed descriptions of the visual effects created by high waterfalls, including the formation of mist or fog-like conditions due to water droplets in the air.",
    "Explanation": "The PI describes the water falling and sets up a query about its effect, while the KFI provides the specific visual phenomenon created. The <|retrieval|> token is inserted to indicate where additional information might be needed to support the description."
  },
  {
    "Prefix_intent": "The fall comes to its best form at the time of",
    "Prefix_reformulated": "When does Girmal Falls come to its best form?",
    "Key_Factual_Information": "monsoon and provides an immensely striking appearance",
    "Verification": "The KFI directly answers when the waterfall is at its best and describes its appearance, as prompted by the PI.",
    "Ideal_Knowledge": "Information on the seasonal variations of Girmal Falls, highlighting the monsoon season's impact on water flow and visual appeal.",
    "Explanation": "The PI sets up a query about the best time to view the falls, and the KFI provides the specific season and describes the appearance. The <|retrieval|> token is inserted to indicate where additional information about seasonal changes might be needed."
  }],
"Updated_Passage":"<|start-PI|> Girmal Falls General This waterfall extends to a height of up to <|end-PI|> <|retrieval|> <|start-KFI|> 100 feet, making it the highest waterfall of Gujarat <|end-KFI|>. The picturesque beauty of this site makes it popular among visitors and people of the region alike. <|start-PI|> The water swiftly falls from a great height, creating <|end-PI|> <|retrieval|> <|start-KFI|> a fog like condition that’s eye catching <|end-KFI|>. The government of this state is working on many projects to make this place an ideal picnic spot and a tourist attraction. <|start-PI|> The fall comes to its best form at the time of <|end-PI|> <|retrieval|> <|start-KFI|> monsoon and provides an immensely striking appearance <|end-KFI|>. Some of the best natural features of Gujarat can be explored in this place. This place is a nice and refreshing retreat for any traveler."
}

```
8. Final check:
  a. Review the Updated_Passage to ensure all PIs and KFIs are properly tagged.
  b. Verify that the first PI in the passage starts with <|start-PI|>.
  c. Make sure there are no missing or misplaced tags.
 
Remember to analyze the entire passage, identify all relevant PI-KFI pairs, and provide the output for each pair as specified. After completing the analysis, present the original passage with the <|retrieval|> tokens inserted in their appropriate positions as part of a new key in the JSON file. Only Ouput the JSON File.