"Smith (1999) distinguishes two variants: ""continuous perennialism"", which claims that particular nations have existed for very long periods, and ""recurrent perennialism"", which focuses on the emergence, dissolution and reappearance of nations as a recurring aspect of human history."
“”Smith daɣ awatay wan (1999) izlay issin haratan “” continuous perennialism””” allaɣen as addawala tan ti axlaknen a ilan azzamanan ajjotnen d “”reurrent perennialism””, ijjan fal efes, afatay d tewaɣle n addawla tan eqqalan titbaqet n attarex wan awadim”