Below is an instruction from Human. Write a response.
    ### Instruction:
    What are the genetic changes related to cystinosis ?
    ### Response:
    All three types of cystinosis are caused by mutations in the CTNS gene. Mutations in this gene lead to a deficiency of a transporter protein called cystinosin. Within cells, this protein normally moves cystine out of the lysosomes, which are compartments in the cell that digest and recycle materials.
    