I agree with your post, Theresa.  In addition, entry to an elementary education program should require mastery (i.e, an "A-level" grasp through a written test) of all facets of elementary and secondary mathematics. Primary and junior teachers should be well-rounded generalists, which includes a solid grounding in math. Anyone teaching the subject in gr.. 7-8 should have the additional requirement that they complete, at a "B" standing or higher, at least 5 full undergraduate math courses in at least two different areas, with at least 3 of these at second year or higher. International research has shown that teachers with a solid foundation of math knowledge and skill also tend to develop the strongest pedagogical content knowledge (i.e., how to teach math). As Prof. Stokke has noted, the pedagogical component still must be overhauled in Canada's education programs and  PD, but those improvements won't be fully realized without teachers who already have a grasp of math themselves.