A lot of the Black on Black violence emanates from Jamaican roots - Caribbean "culture" accepts the  Baby Mom and many-fathers attitudes that lead to fatherless youth. Jamaica has been rife with violence and drugs for decades - often exceeding 1500 murders a year with a population of less than 3 million. So i's a double whammy - with an increased risk of both violence and fatherless children. It's maddening that politicians spew out the term "evidence-based policies" - and then ignore the evidence.