No Nos, I think with the limited amount of characters allowed on this site it would be impossible to address the issues.  As for "the root of the problem" in our definition of criminal I'd start with a tremendous lack of treatment facilities, education and poverty.  Those three probably are at the top of the list.  The current system locks people up with little attempts to address addictions or mental health issues.  Little is directed towards education.  Finding a job, any job, is much more difficult for someone who has been incarcerated.