I believe it was the World Bank,  not the IMF.  The $34 billion ----much misunderstood (or misrepresented) by many environmentalist commenters---largely amounted to fuel taxes and other carbon taxes Canadian governments were not levying on Canadian consumers and corporations in comparison to some European governments.  That's why the same report said that the US  subsidized carbon consumption twice as much per capita as Canada does and Canada subsidizes carbon consumption twice as much per capita than Europe----factors that basically just correspond to relative differences in fuel taxation and other carbon taxation in the US as opposed to Canada and Europe.