Well researched article. Some additional information.  Ground water belongs to the states.  In some states, the owners of land beleive that they own the water below, Kansas farmers believe this.  Nebraska farmers are generally cooperating with their Natural Resource Conservation Districts and the Nebraska Department of Natural Resources to stabilize both ground and surface water levels.  
In addition to regulating withdrawal, research and programs need to be developed to avoid evaporation and enhance infiltration to recharge the aquifers.  Modern no till agriculture and cover crops and rest and rotation grazing systems hold potential in this regard.