I reject the idea that language equals culture. In 1759 when Britain conquered Quebec, Lower Canada had a very different culture than Upper Canada. In 1867, when Confederation happened, the difference had become less. Now, the culture of 1867 is long gone from all parts of Canada; culturally, French speaking Canadians are in no significant way other than language any different from English speaking Canadians. the "distinct society" has disappeared under the relentless pressure of modern technology and Western materialism.