No Old Believers were allowed to leave during the Soviet Era. Old Believers are those whose ancestors migrated to Turkey, Iran, or China in the 17th century. The Chinese kicked out all Caucasians in the early 1950s and the Old Believers living in Sinkiang  went to Brazil. In the early 60s they began migrating to Woodburn, Oregon, where other Russian religious minorities had already settled. In the late 60s a group of them decided to move to Alaska to be more isolated from modern culture. The original settlement at Nikolaevsk has attracted Old Believers from all over the world.