"... a Veco vice president testified (under oath) in the 2007 trial of another legislator that the company had bribed Stevens ..."   

That may not be among your definitions of being "charged" concerned, but it is mine.  
It`s also a "charge" if an allegation under oath is made that a law was broken. 

It`s a claim or assertion or allegation that someone has done something illegal or wrong, "typically one made without proof": 
as in "he made allegations of corruption against the administration" · [more]
synonyms: claim · assertion · charge ·