"It balances our budget on the backs of poor and working Alaskans."
I get that argument, but isn't a gallon of milk similar?  We all pay the same price at the store.  

"Such a plan hits only full-time Alaskans"  Agree.   That needs to be solved.

"...would unfairly tax, for example, a 5-year-old child in Kotzebue at the same rate as the wealthiest Alaskan."  This doesn't make sense for a lot of reasons.  What if the child's parents are rich?  If you implement an income tax, the child pays nothing at all.  By your logic, is that fair?

"They seem more interested in achieving fiscal certainty for our oil industry partners than they are for the people of Alaska."  Nailed it!