This starts when the baby is born. My daughter (new mom) is terrified that something she will do will damage her baby for life. Babies these days go home with so many rules and the rules are presented in the form of: "if you don't do it this way, your baby could die!" or "This will have lifelong impacts if you don't follow the rule that could be adverse!". Questioning the doctors is discouraged, not directly, but by signals, like the doctor getting snappish, suggesting a separate appointment (additional co-pay) to discuss all the issues known and unknown that my daughter has questions about.