Interesting to compare Hechtel's data to the data from Efficacy of Bear Deterrent Spray in Alaska (2008). Hechtel found that 86% of bear attacks involved brown bears. Just 9 of 72 incidents in the bear spray study involved "charging" brown bears. Three people who had the time to spray bears were injured. No data was provided on incidents when people carrying bear spray did not have time to use it. Hechtel found that just 10% of bear attacks involved black bears. Just one incident in Efficacy of Bear Deterrent Spray in Alaska involved a charging black bear. Thirteen of 19 incidents in the bear spray study involved black bears that were "either acting curious or searching for food or garbage." Thirty one of 50 brown bear incidents involved bears that were acting curious or searching for food or garbage. Clearly, the bear spray study padded the statistics with non-dangerous bear encounters.