"...One way to avoid this scenario would be to send a credible signal that such government intervention will be limited in the future..."
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No, the better way would be for the family that control Bombardier to pay the money back, and try to make it on the merit of their products/sales efforts.

Face it, the companies that Bombardier are competing against are in :

1. China population : 1,200,000,000
2. The USA Pop: 320,000,000
3. Brazil Pop 200,000,000
4. Russia 145,000,000
5. Japan 140,000,000
6 The E.U 500,000,000+


Canada has 36,000,000

One of these countries either does not belong (in this group), or will not win any trade wars.