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2161
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2171
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2174
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2257
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2260
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1
00:00:20,690 --> 00:00:25,230
ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุจู†ุณุชูƒู…ู„ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡

2
00:00:25,230 --> 00:00:30,570
ุชุนุงู„ู‰ ุจุงู‚ูŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠูุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุถุฑูˆุฑูŠุฉ ู„ูู‡ู… ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„

3
00:00:30,570 --> 00:00:35,230
binocular single vision ูˆู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

4
00:00:35,230 --> 00:00:40,930
ูุงุชุช ุงุชุญุฏุชู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ visual direction ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงุชุฌุงู‡

5
00:00:40,930 --> 00:00:45,550
ูƒู„ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ูุฑุงุบ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ู‡ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ุงู„

6
00:00:45,550 --> 00:00:48,850
projection ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชุนุจูŠุฑ ุงู„ุดุฎุตูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฅุญุณุงุณ 

7
00:00:48,850 --> 00:00:53,390
ุงู„ุดุฎุตูŠ ุจุงุชุฌุงู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู†ู‚ุทุฉ

8
00:00:53,390 --> 00:00:57,870
scene ููŠ ุงู„ูุฑุงุบ ุจุชุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ nasal retina ููŠ ุงู„

9
00:00:57,870 --> 00:01:01,030
right eye ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ temporal retina ููŠ ุงู„ left eye ุงู„

10
00:01:01,030 --> 00:01:03,870
projection ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† to the right field ูŠุนู†ูŠ

11
00:01:03,870 --> 00:01:06,370
ุฃู†ุง ุจุญุณ ููŠู‡ุง ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ right field ู‡ุชุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰

12
00:01:06,370 --> 00:01:09,730
ุงู„ nasal retina ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ temporal retina ู‡ู†ุง ุจุณ ุฃู†ุง

13
00:01:09,730 --> 00:01:13,710
ุจุดูˆูู‡ุง ูˆุจุญุณ ููŠู‡ุง ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ

14
00:01:13,710 --> 00:01:18,310
scene ุฃูˆ ุงู„ object ุณูŠู† ูˆุงุชุญุฏุชู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„

15
00:01:18,310 --> 00:01:23,150
retinomotor value ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู‚ุฏ ุฅูŠุด ุจุชู„ุฒู… ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุฃูˆ

16
00:01:23,150 --> 00:01:26,870
saccadic movement ุฃูˆ saccadic version ุนุดุงู† ุฃู†ู‚ู„

17
00:01:26,870 --> 00:01:30,130
ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุดูŠุก ูˆู‚ุนุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ periphery ู‡ุฐุง ุดูŠุก ุตูˆุฑุชู‡ ูˆู‚ุนุช

18
00:01:30,130 --> 00:01:33,330
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ peripheral retina ุฃู†ู‚ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ููˆููŠุง ูƒู„ู…ุง

19
00:01:33,330 --> 00:01:36,890
ุงุฒุฏุงุฏ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ peripheral retina ุงู„

20
00:01:36,890 --> 00:01:39,710
retinomotor value ุจุชุงุนู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃูƒุจุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชู„ุฒู…

21
00:01:39,710 --> 00:01:44,150
saccadic movement ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุทุจุนู‹ุง ุงู„ saccadic movement ู‡ุฐู‡

22
00:01:44,150 --> 00:01:48,490
accurate amplitude ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุงู„ุถุจุท ุจุชู… ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑู‡ุง

23
00:01:48,490 --> 00:01:52,450
ูŠูƒููŠ ูู‚ุท ูŠูƒููŠ ูู‚ุท ู„ู†ู‚ู„ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง

24
00:01:52,450 --> 00:01:56,790
ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุฃุทู„ุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ููˆููŠุง ู„ุง ุจุชุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุนู†ู‡

25
00:01:56,790 --> 00:02:00,730
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุง ุจุชุฌู„ุทุด ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ูˆู„ุง ุจุชุฌุณุฑ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุชูŠุฌูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง

26
00:02:00,730 --> 00:02:04,990
ุจุงู„ุถุจุท ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุงุชุญุฏุซู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ corresponding retinal

27
00:02:04,990 --> 00:02:09,250
points ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ูƒู„ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ููŠ

28
00:02:09,250 --> 00:02:13,650
ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู…ู…ุงุซู„ุฉ ู„ู‡ุง ุฃูˆ ู…ุฑุขุฉ ู„ู‡ุง ุฃูˆ ู…ุฌุงู†ุณุฉ ู„ู‡ุง ููŠ 

29
00:02:13,650 --> 00:02:15,750
ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ููŠ ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ

30
00:02:15,750 --> 00:02:19,890
ู…ุชุฌุงู†ุณุงุช ุฃูˆ ู…ุชุทุงุจู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ู…ุชู…ุงุซู„ุงุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชุทู„ุนูˆุง ุนู„ู‰

31
00:02:19,890 --> 00:02:23,730
ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุงุชุฌุงู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ูุฑุงุบ ุจุญูŠุซ ู„ูˆ ูˆุฌุฏ object ููŠ ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ

32
00:02:23,730 --> 00:02:27,390
ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ูุฑุงุบ ูˆุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ C ููŠ ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู†

33
00:02:27,390 --> 00:02:30,650
ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ู‡ูŠุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ C ุดุฑุทุฉ ููŠ ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„

34
00:02:30,650 --> 00:02:33,850
ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ูˆุฅู† ุงู„ temporal retina ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†

35
00:02:33,850 --> 00:02:37,070
ู…ุชู…ุซู„ุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ nasal retina ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู…

36
00:02:37,070 --> 00:02:40,270
ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุจูŠุจุตูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุงุชุฌุงู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ูุฑุงุบ ูˆุงู„

37
00:02:40,270 --> 00:02:43,490
temporal ููŠ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ูˆุงู„ nasal ููŠ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุจุตูˆุง ุนู„ู‰

38
00:02:43,490 --> 00:02:46,630
ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุงุชุฌุงู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ูุฑุงุบ ุงู„ superior retina ููŠ ุงู„

39
00:02:46,630 --> 00:02:49,990
both eyes ุจูŠุจุตูˆุง ุชุญุช ุงู„ inferior retina ุจูŠุจุตูˆุง

40
00:02:49,990 --> 00:02:55,450
ู„ููˆู‚ ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ ูƒู„ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ููŠ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู…ู…ุงุซู„ุฉ ู„ู‡ุง ููŠ

41
00:02:55,450 --> 00:03:01,080
ุงู„ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชู†ุธูŠู… ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชูˆุฒูŠุน ุงู„ู…ุชุทุงุจู‚ ู„ุง ูŠู†ุทุจู‚

42
00:03:01,080 --> 00:03:05,380
ูู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ูˆุฅู†ู…ุง reflected backward ููŠ ุงู„ุนุตุจ

43
00:03:05,380 --> 00:03:08,380
ุงู„ุจุตุฑูŠ ูˆุงู„ูƒูŠุงุฒู…ุฉ ูˆุงู„ optic tract ูˆุงู„ lateral

44
00:03:08,380 --> 00:03:15,140
geniculate ููŠ ุชุฑุชูŠุจ ุฃูˆ ุชุดููŠุฑ ุฃูˆ ุชูˆุฒูŠุน ุฌุบุฑุงููŠ ู…ุนูŠู†

45
00:03:15,140 --> 00:03:19,540
ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุงุท ุจุญูŠุซ ุฅู† ุญุชู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ visual cortex ููŠ ู†ูุณ

46
00:03:19,540 --> 00:03:24,220
ุงู„ุชุฑุชูŠุจ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุงุท ุงู„ู…ุชู‚ุงุฑุจุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ู…ุชู…ุงุซู„ุฉ

47
00:03:25,200 --> 00:03:28,260
ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุชู‚ุงุฑุจุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ visual cortex ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ุจุชุงุนุฉ

48
00:03:28,260 --> 00:03:32,120
ุงู„ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ุงู„ุฅุถุงุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู†ุฌูŠ

49
00:03:32,120 --> 00:03:37,360
ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู„ู„ูุฑุงุบ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ู„ุงุญุธูˆู‡ุง

50
00:03:37,360 --> 00:03:43,700
ุจุงู„ุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ุงู„ูุฑุงุบ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุจุตุฑูŠุง ูŠู‚ุณู… ู„ุซู„ุงุซ ุฃู‚ุณุงู… ู„ุซู„ุงุซ

51
00:03:43,700 --> 00:03:50,780
ุฃู‚ุณุงู… ุฅุฐุง ุฌุงุฒ ุงู„ุชุนุจูŠุฑ ุญุณุจ ุงู„ุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑุจ

52
00:03:50,780 --> 00:03:53,160
ูˆุงู„ู…ู„ุงุญุธุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุงู…ูˆุง ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฌุงู„

53
00:03:53,160 --> 00:03:58,060
ุงู„ุฅุจุตุงุฑูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุฅุจุตุงุฑูŠ ุงู„ูุฑุงุบ ูŠู‚ุณู… ู„ุซู„ุงุซ

54
00:03:58,060 --> 00:04:05,720
ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ุงู„ุฃูู‚ ุงู„ุดูŠุก

55
00:04:05,720 --> 00:04:14,020
ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ panofusional space ูˆุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ

56
00:04:14,020 --> 00:04:20,410
ู…ุง ุชุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู† ูุฑุงุบ ูŠุนู†ูŠ space outside panofusional

57
00:04:20,410 --> 00:04:23,910
space

58
00:04:23,910 --> 00:04:31,830
ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ

59
00:04:31,830 --> 00:04:38,530
ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฃูู‚ ู‡ูˆ

60
00:04:38,530 --> 00:04:43,660
ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุชุฎูŠู‘ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุชุฎูŠู‘ู„ูŠุŒ ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

61
00:04:43,660 --> 00:04:49,600
ู…ุด ุฎุทุŒ ู‡ูˆ ู‡ูŠุฑุณู… ูƒุฎุทุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู†ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุชุฎูŠู‘ู„ูŠุŒ ู‡ุฐุง

62
00:04:49,600 --> 00:04:53,880
ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุชุฎูŠู„ูŠ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ point of fixation ุฅูŠุด

63
00:04:53,880 --> 00:04:56,040
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ point of fixationุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

64
00:04:56,040 --> 00:04:59,320
ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจูŠุฑูƒุฒ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุจุนูŠู†ูŠู† ุงุซู†ุชูŠู†ุŒ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุขุฎุฑ

65
00:04:59,320 --> 00:05:03,940
ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู‚ุงุทุน ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ two visual axes ู…ู† ูƒู„

66
00:05:03,940 --> 00:05:11,140
ุนูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุณุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฌู„ู… ุฃูˆ ุบุทุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌู„ู…

67
00:05:11,140 --> 00:05:15,620
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃูู‚ ุจุชุงุนูŠ ุณุงุนุฉ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุง ุจุชุทู„ุน ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰

68
00:05:15,620 --> 00:05:19,700
ุงู„ุชุฎูŠู„ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู…ุฑ ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ูุฑุงุบูŠ ุงู„ุชุฎูŠู„ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู…ุฑ

69
00:05:19,700 --> 00:05:22,600
ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุจุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุจุงู„ point of

70
00:05:22,600 --> 00:05:28,000
fixation ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ู‚ู„ุช ุจุตุฑูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุงู…ูŠุฑุง ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ุฃูู‚

71
00:05:28,000 --> 00:05:33,440
ุจุชุงุนูŠ ุตุงุฑ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุชู…ุงู… ู„ูˆ ุงุทู„ุนุช ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุจู†ู‰ ุจุนูŠุฏ ุงู„ุฃูู‚

72
00:05:33,440 --> 00:05:37,680
ุจุชุงุนู‡ ุตุงุฑ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู„ูˆ ุงุทู„ุนุช ุนู„ู‰ ุทุงุฆุฑุฉ ุจุชุทูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุณู…ุงุก

73
00:05:37,680 --> 00:05:44,320
ุฃูˆ ุทุงุฆุฑ ุชู…ุงู… ุจุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฃูู‚ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฏุงุฆู…ู‹ุง ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ูƒู…ุณุชูˆู‰

74
00:05:44,320 --> 00:05:52,540
ูุฑุงุบูŠ ุชุฎูŠู„ูŠ ุชู…ุงู… ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ point of fixation ุทูŠุจ

75
00:05:52,540 --> 00:05:59,860
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ุฅูŠุด ู…ู…ูŠุฒุงุชู‡ุŸ ุฃูŠ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุฃูŠ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฃูŠ

76
00:05:59,860 --> 00:06:05,680
object ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู‡ ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุนุงู…ุฉ ู‡ูˆ

77
00:06:05,680 --> 00:06:10,920
ุจุฑุงู‡ุง ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ู…ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉุŸ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุฃู† ุฃูŠ

78
00:06:10,920 --> 00:06:14,140
object ุจู‚ู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ stimulates corresponding

79
00:06:14,140 --> 00:06:19,200
retinal points ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ object ู…ุนูŠู† ุนู„ู‰

80
00:06:19,200 --> 00:06:23,140
ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ูˆ

81
00:06:23,140 --> 00:06:27,740
ุณู‚ุทุช ุตูˆุฑุชู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ C ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ููŠ ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ

82
00:06:27,740 --> 00:06:31,880
ุงู„ุนูŠู† ูŠู…ูŠู† ู…ู† ูƒู„ ุจุฏ ุฃู† ุชุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰ C ุดุฑุทุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง

83
00:06:31,880 --> 00:06:39,140
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุง ุจุชุฒูˆุบุด ูˆู„ุง ุฃูŠ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠ ุชู…ุงู… ุฅุฐุง ู†ุฑุณู…

84
00:06:39,140 --> 00:06:46,760
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู‡ุฐู‡

85
00:06:46,760 --> 00:06:52,380
ุงู„ุฃูู‚ ุจุชุงุนู†ุง ุฃู†ุง ู‡ุฑุณู…ู‡ ุฎุท ุจุณ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ุฌุงูƒูŠ

86
00:06:52,380 --> 00:06:55,700
ุณุคุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุงู…ุชุญุงู† ุฅูŠุด ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ู‡ูˆ imaginary

87
00:06:55,700 --> 00:07:01,560
plane ุทุจุนู‹ุง

88
00:07:01,560 --> 00:07:04,940
ู‡ุงูŠ

89
00:07:04,940 --> 00:07:08,480
ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† ุจุชุทู„ุนูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ target ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ target ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู†

90
00:07:08,480 --> 00:07:13,900
ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ point of fixation ู„ุงุฒู… ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ูŠู…ุฑ ููŠู‡

91
00:07:13,900 --> 00:07:18,210
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ุญุธุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ visual axis ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ both

92
00:07:18,210 --> 00:07:23,230
eyes ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ visual axis ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุชู‚ุทุน ููŠ ุงู„ object

93
00:07:23,230 --> 00:07:27,430
of regard ุฃูˆ ุงู„ point of fixation ุชู…ุงู… ุฅุฐุง ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ

94
00:07:27,430 --> 00:07:30,690
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ุญุธุฉ ุงู„ horopter ู‡ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฎุต

95
00:07:30,690 --> 00:07:34,250
ูŠุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุดูŠุก ุฃุจุนุฏ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ horopter ุฃุจุนุฏ ู„ูˆ ูŠุชุทู„ุน

96
00:07:34,250 --> 00:07:39,650
ุนู„ู‰ ุดูŠุก ุฃู‚ุฑุจ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุฃู‚ุฑุจ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ู‡ูˆ ูŠุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„

97
00:07:39,650 --> 00:07:44,530
target ู†ูุฑุถ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ target ุฏุงุฆุฑุฉ ุญู…ุฑุงุก ุชู…ุงู… ุณุงุนุฉ

98
00:07:44,530 --> 00:07:48,370
ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุฃุฒุฑู‚ ุฃูˆ ู…ุง ุจุฏู†ุงุด ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุฎุท ุจุฏู†ุง

99
00:07:48,370 --> 00:07:52,290
ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุชุฎูŠู„ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ target

100
00:07:52,290 --> 00:07:59,650
ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ููŠ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ูˆ ูˆุฌุฏ targets ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ

101
00:07:59,650 --> 00:08:05,490
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ targets ุฃุซู†ุงุก ู†ุธุฑู†ุง ู„ู„ุฏุงุฆุฑุฉ

102
00:08:05,490 --> 00:08:11,530
ุงู„ุญู…ุฑุงุก ู‡ุชุนู…ู„ stimulation ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง corresponding

103
00:08:11,530 --> 00:08:15,010
retinal points ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุจุน ุงู„ุฃุฒุฑู‚ ุณู‚ุท

104
00:08:15,010 --> 00:08:22,250
ุนู„ู‰ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ C ููŠ ุงู„ temporal retina ู‡ู†ุง ุณุชุฉ ู‡ูŠุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰

105
00:08:22,250 --> 00:08:29,870
C ุดุฑุทุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆู„ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ target

106
00:08:29,870 --> 00:08:35,870
ุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰ ุนูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ temporal retina ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูŠุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰ ุนูŠู†

107
00:08:35,870 --> 00:08:39,730
ุดุฑุทุฉ ููŠ

108
00:08:41,790 --> 00:08:45,670
ุงู„ู€ nasal retina ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุขุฎุฑ ููŠ

109
00:08:45,670 --> 00:08:48,790
ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ุตุงุฑ ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุชูŠู† ุนู† ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ู‡ูˆ

110
00:08:48,790 --> 00:08:55,250
imaginary plane ุจูŠู…ุฑ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ point of fixation ุซุงู†ูŠ

111
00:08:55,250 --> 00:08:59,890
ุดูŠุก ูƒู„ ุงู„ objects ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู‚ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ

112
00:08:59,890 --> 00:09:06,670
stimulates corresponding retinal points ุงู„ุขู†

113
00:09:09,850 --> 00:09:14,510
ุงุญู†ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ู„ู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฑุง ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ู„ูˆ

114
00:09:14,510 --> 00:09:18,590
ููŠู‡ objects ู‡ู„ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ stimulation ู„ non

115
00:09:18,590 --> 00:09:23,430
-corresponding retinal points ู†ุนู… ุตุญูŠุญ ุฃูŠ object

116
00:09:23,430 --> 00:09:29,130
ุฃูŠ object ุจุฑุง ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ู‚ุฏุงู…ู‡ ุฃูˆ ุฎู„ูู‡ ุจูŠุนู…ู„

117
00:09:29,130 --> 00:09:33,590
stimulation ู„ non-corresponding retinal points

118
00:09:33,590 --> 00:09:38,470
ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุฃูŠ ุดูŠุก ุจุฑุง ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ุฃู…ุงู…ู‡ ุฃูˆ ุฎู„ูู‡

119
00:09:38,470 --> 00:09:43,290
ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู†ุฏูŠ double vision ุฏูŠ ุจู„ูˆุจูŠุง ุจุณ ูˆุฌุฏูˆุง

120
00:09:43,290 --> 00:09:49,130
ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ุจุงู„ุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ space ุฃู…ุงู… ูˆุฎู„ู ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ

121
00:09:49,130 --> 00:09:57,850
ุชู…ุงู… ููŠ

122
00:09:57,850 --> 00:10:06,730
area ู„ูˆ ูˆู‚ุน ููŠู‡ุง object ู„ูˆ ูˆู‚ุน ููŠู‡ุง object ุจูŠุนู…ู„

123
00:10:06,730 --> 00:10:11,310
stimulation ู„ slightly non-corresponding retinal

124
00:10:11,310 --> 00:10:16,130
points ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ slightly non-corresponding ูŠุนู†ูŠ

125
00:10:16,130 --> 00:10:21,370
ุฅุฐุง ุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰ ุณูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจุณู‚ุท 

126
00:10:21,370 --> 00:10:26,630
ู…ุฌุงูˆุฑ ุฌุฏุง ู„ุณูŠู† ุดุฑุทุฉ ููŠ ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ูŠุณุฑู‰ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„

127
00:10:26,630 --> 00:10:28,770
non correspondence ู‚ู„ูŠู„

128
00:10:32,840 --> 00:10:36,140
ุงู„ุขู† ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุทู„ุน ู…ู† ุนู„ู… ุงู„ุจุตุฑูŠุงุช ูˆู†ุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุนู„ู… 

129
00:10:36,140 --> 00:10:43,320
ุงู„ู…ูƒุชุจุงุช ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู„ูˆ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ูƒุชุจุฉ ุฃู†ุง ุชู„ุช

130
00:10:43,320 --> 00:10:48,980
ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ุฑุชุจุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุง ูˆู…ุตููˆูุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ูˆ

131
00:10:48,980 --> 00:10:55,440
ู…ู†ุณู‚ุฉ ุฌุงู‡ุฒุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู„ ุณุฃุจุฐู„ ุฌู‡ุฏ ููŠ ุชุฑุชูŠุจู‡ุงุŸ ู„ุง ุทูŠุจ

132
00:10:55,440 --> 00:11:00,760
ู„ูˆ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ููŠู‡ุง ุงุนูˆุฌุงุฌ ุจุณูŠุท ู…ุงุฐุง ุฃูุนู„

133
00:11:00,760 --> 00:11:05,850
ุฃู†ุงุŸ ุฃุนุฏู„ ุชุนุฏูŠู„ุงู‹ ุจุณูŠุทุงู‹ ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ุชุจุนุซุฑุฉ

134
00:11:05,850 --> 00:11:11,350
ู„ู† ุฃู‚ุฏุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุนุฏูŠู„ู‡ุง ุชู…ุงู… ุฃูˆ ุณุฃุญุชุงุฌ ู„ูˆู‚ุช ู„ุชุนุฏูŠู„ู‡ุง ูˆู…ู…ูƒู†

135
00:11:11,350 --> 00:11:16,070
ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุฑู‡ู‚ุฉ ุชุนุฏูŠู„ู‡ุง ุจุญูŠุซ ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุฑูุถ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู…ู†

136
00:11:16,070 --> 00:11:21,330
ุฃุณุงุณู‡ุง ุชู…ุงู… ุฃูŠุถุงู‹ ุงู„ู€ brain ุณุชุฃุชูŠู‡ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฅู…ุง ุณุงู‚ุทุฉ

137
00:11:21,330 --> 00:11:25,570
ุชู…ุงู…ุงู‹ ุนู„ู‰ corresponding retinal points ูˆุณุงุนุชู‡ุง

138
00:11:25,570 --> 00:11:30,310
ุณุชูุดุงู‡ูŽุฏ ุจุดูƒู„ single ููŠ one plane ูŠุนู†ูŠ two

139
00:11:30,310 --> 00:11:35,470
dimensional ุฃูŠ ุดูŠุก ูŠู‚ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ู†ุดุงู‡ุฏู‡ in one

140
00:11:35,470 --> 00:11:40,230
plane and two dimensional ุฃูŠ ุดูŠุก ูŠู‚ุน ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„

141
00:11:40,230 --> 00:11:43,010
area ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุทุฉ ุจุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุณู…ู‰ Panum

142
00:11:43,010 --> 00:11:48,290
fusional space Panum fusional

143
00:11:48,290 --> 00:11:53,750
space ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ Panum fusional space Panum ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู‡ูˆ

144
00:11:53,750 --> 00:11:59,510
ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… fusional space ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ูุฑุงุบ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู„ู€ brain

145
00:11:59,510 --> 00:12:03,250
ุฃู† ูŠุดุชุบู„ ููŠู‡ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุงู‹ ู„ูƒูŠ ูŠุนุฏู„ ู„ู€ slight non

146
00:12:03,250 --> 00:12:09,490
correspondence ูˆูŠุณุชุทูŠุน ุฃู† ูŠู†ุดุฆ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„

147
00:12:09,490 --> 00:12:12,470
object ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุชูŠู† ุงู„ู„ุชูŠู† ุงู†ุทุจุนุชุง ุนู„ู‰

148
00:12:12,470 --> 00:12:17,330
slightly non corresponding retinal areas ุฃุซู†ุงุก

149
00:12:17,330 --> 00:12:19,510
ุชุนุฏูŠู„ ุงู„ู€ brain ูˆู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ

150
00:12:21,430 --> 00:12:24,930
ูˆู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ุชุนุฏูŠู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ slight non correspondence

151
00:12:24,930 --> 00:12:31,570
ูŠููƒุชุณุจ ุงู„ู€ depth perception ุงู„ู€ depth perception

152
00:12:31,570 --> 00:12:36,190
ู†ุฃุชูŠ ูู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูˆ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู…ูˆุธููŠู† ููŠ ู…ูƒุชุจุฉ ูˆ

153
00:12:36,190 --> 00:12:41,130
ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฏุงุฆู…ุงู‹ ุจุชุตู„ู‡ ุตูุทุฉ ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ู…ุฑุชุจุฉ ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุจุชุตู„ู‡

154
00:12:41,130 --> 00:12:44,210
ุตูุทุฉ ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ุชุญุชุงุฌ ุชุนุฏูŠู„ุงุช ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุตุจุญ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฎุจุฑุฉ

155
00:12:44,210 --> 00:12:49,240
ุฃูƒุซุฑ ูŠูƒุชุณุจ ุฎุจุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุธู„ ูŠุนุฏู„ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฃูŠุถุงู‹ ููŠ

156
00:12:49,240 --> 00:12:52,980
ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู€ high ุงู„ู€ brain ู…ุชุนูˆุฏ ุฃู†ู‡ ุฏุงุฆู…ุงู‹ ุงู„ู€ objects

157
00:12:52,980 --> 00:12:56,560
ุงู„ุชูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ panofusional space ุชุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰

158
00:12:56,560 --> 00:13:00,220
slightly non-corresponding retinal points ู„ูƒูŠ

159
00:13:00,220 --> 00:13:08,720
ูŠุนุฏู„ู‡ุง ูŠูƒุชุณุจ ุงู„ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ูŠุดุนุฑ.. ูŠุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ุจุนุฏ

160
00:13:08,720 --> 00:13:11,060
ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุจุงู„ู€ depth perception ุจุงู„ู€ three

161
00:13:11,060 --> 00:13:16,740
dimensionality ุฅุฐุง ู†ุนูŠุฏ ุฃูŠ ุญุฏ ุฃูˆ ุฃูŠ object ูŠุณู‚ุท

162
00:13:16,740 --> 00:13:22,620
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ู„ุง ูŠุฑู‡ู‚ู‡ ุงู„ู€ brain ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุณู‡ู„ ู…ุฑุชุจ

163
00:13:22,620 --> 00:13:25,940
ุญุงู„ู‡ ู„ุญุงู„ู‡ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑ ู…ุชุทุงุจู‚ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุงู„ุจุนุถ ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ

164
00:13:25,940 --> 00:13:30,680
ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ูƒู„ุชุง ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† ูู„ู…ุง ุชุฑุณู„

165
00:13:30,680 --> 00:13:36,220
ุตูˆุฑุชู‡ู…ุง ู…ุชุทุงุจู‚ุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุงู‹ ู„ู„ู€ brain ู„ู† ูŠุดุชุบู„ ุงู„ู€

166
00:13:36,220 --> 00:13:39,900
brain ููŠูุดุงู‡ูุฏู‡ุง in one dimension ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุดุงู‡ุฏู‡ุง ูƒู€

167
00:13:39,900 --> 00:13:47,520
ุตูˆุฑุฉ photograph ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฃูŠ object ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ู„ูƒู†

168
00:13:47,520 --> 00:13:51,900
ูŠู‚ุน ููŠ ุงู„ู€ panofusional space ูŠุญุชุงุฌ ู„ุดุบู„ ูŠุญุชุงุฌ ู„ุดูˆูŠุฉ

169
00:13:51,900 --> 00:13:57,260
ุชุนุฏูŠู„ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ุชุนุฏูŠู„ ูŠุดุนุฑ ุงู„ู€ brain ุจุงู„ุนู…ู‚ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„

170
00:13:57,260 --> 00:14:05,740
object ุทูŠุจ ุฃูŠ object ูŠู‚ุน ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ู€ panofusional

171
00:14:05,740 --> 00:14:12,150
space ูŠูุดุงู‡ูŽุฏ double ู„ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุณู‚ูˆุทู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ largely

172
00:14:12,150 --> 00:14:15,650
non-corresponding retinal points ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุณู‚ุท

173
00:14:15,650 --> 00:14:20,070
ุนู„ู‰ ุณูŠู† ููŠ ุนูŠู† ูŠุณู‚ุท ุจุนูŠุฏุงู‹ ุนู† ุณูŠู† ุดุฑุทุฉ ูˆู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†

174
00:14:20,070 --> 00:14:25,350
ู„ู„ู€ brain ุฃู† ูŠูุญุฏุซ ู„ู‡ fusion ู…ู‡ู…ุง ุจุฐู„ ู…ู† ุฌู‡ูˆุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡

175
00:14:25,350 --> 00:14:30,390
ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ู€ fusional space ูˆุฎู„ูู‡

176
00:14:30,390 --> 00:14:36,050
ุฃู…ุงู… ุงู„ู€ panon fusional space ูˆุฎู„ูู‡ ุชูุณู…ู‘ู‰ ุงู„ู€ space

177
00:14:36,050 --> 00:14:39,310
ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ู€ physiological diplopia ูƒู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู„ูƒู… 

178
00:14:39,310 --> 00:14:43,550
ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูุงุชุช ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุฃุทู„ู‚ุช ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ู„ู… ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ุณูŠุตุจุญ

179
00:14:43,550 --> 00:14:47,130
ุงู„ู‚ู„ู… ุงู„ุฃุณูˆุฏ double ู„ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ู€ fusional

180
00:14:47,130 --> 00:14:51,710
space ูˆู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุฃุทู„ู‚ุช ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณูˆุฏ ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ุณูŠุตุจุญ double

181
00:14:51,710 --> 00:14:56,390
ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ basis ุชุงุน ุงู„ู€ physiological diplopia ุทุจ

182
00:14:56,390 --> 00:15:00,330
ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ู†ุญู† ู„ุง ู†ุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ู€ physiological diplopia ู„ุฃู† 

183
00:15:00,330 --> 00:15:03,490
ุฏุงุฆู…ุงู‹ ูŠุฑุงูู‚ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุบุงู„ุจ ุงู„ุฃุนู… physiological

184
00:15:03,490 --> 00:15:08,170
suppression ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ูŠู‡ู…ู„ู‡ุง ุจุญูŠุซ ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ูู‚ุท

185
00:15:08,170 --> 00:15:14,810
ุฃูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ space ู‡ุฐุง ุทูŠุจ ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุฃู† ูŠุณุฃู„ ุณุคุงู„ ุฃู†ุช

186
00:15:14,810 --> 00:15:20,540
ุชู‚ูˆู„ูŠู† ุฃู† ุฃูŠ object ูŠู‚ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ

187
00:15:20,540 --> 00:15:24,980
ูŠูุดุงู‡ูŽุฏ singly ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูู‡ูˆู…ุฉ ูˆู„ูƒู† in two dimensions

188
00:15:24,980 --> 00:15:27,800
ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ูŠุณุช ู…ูู‡ูˆู…ุฉ ู†ุญู† ู†ุดุงู‡ุฏ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ objects ุงู„ุชูŠ ููŠ

189
00:15:27,800 --> 00:15:32,140
ุญูŠุงุชู†ุง in three dimensions ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุตุญูŠุญ ู„ูƒู†ู†ุง 

190
00:15:32,140 --> 00:15:37,280
ุนุฑูู†ุง ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ plane ุชุฎูŠู„ูŠ ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ

191
00:15:37,280 --> 00:15:43,500
plane ุฌุฏู‘ุงู‹ ุณู…ูƒู‡ ุณู†ุชูŠู…ุชุฑ ุณู…ูƒู‡ ู…ุชู†ุงู‡ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฑูุน

192
00:15:43,500 --> 00:15:48,480
ุชู…ุงู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุงู‹ ู„ุง ุณู…ูƒ ู„ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุณู…ูƒ ุงู„ุฎุท

193
00:15:48,480 --> 00:15:54,570
ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ูŠู… nothing ุชู…ุงู… ุทุจ ุงู„ู€ plane ุงู„ุชุฎูŠู„ูŠ ู†ูุณ

194
00:15:54,570 --> 00:15:58,890
ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู„ูŠุณ ู„ู‡ ุณู…ูƒ ุฅุฐุง ุฃูŠ object ู…ู‡ู…ุง ุตุบุฑ ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌุฒุก

195
00:15:58,890 --> 00:16:04,680
ู…ู†ู‡ ูŠู‚ุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ูˆุฌุฒุก ุฃู…ุงู…ู‡ ูˆุฌุฒุก ุฎู„ูู‡ ุฃูˆ ูƒู„ู‡

196
00:16:04,680 --> 00:16:11,200
ุฃู…ุงู…ู‡ ูู‚ุท ูˆุงู„ุญุงูุฉ ุงู„ุฎู„ููŠุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ ุชู‚ุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุฃูˆ ูƒู„ู‡ ุฎู„ูู‡

197
00:16:11,200 --> 00:16:14,540
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูŠ object ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู†ูŠุง ู„ุงุจุฏ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ ุนู„ู‰

198
00:16:14,540 --> 00:16:18,080
ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ุฅุฐุง ุฃุฑุฏุช ุฃู† ุฃุฑูƒุฒ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุฃูˆ ุฃูƒูˆู† ุตุฏูุฉ ููŠ

199
00:16:18,080 --> 00:16:21,200
ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ุจุชุงุนูŠ ุณูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ูˆุฌุฒุก

200
00:16:21,200 --> 00:16:24,280
ู…ู†ู‡ ุฃู…ุงู…ู‡ ุฃูˆ ุฎู„ูู‡ ุฃูˆ ูƒู„ู‡ ุฃู…ุงู…ู‡ ุฃูˆ ูƒู„ู‡ ุฎู„ูู‡

201
00:16:24,280 --> 00:16:28,120
ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุถุฑูˆุฑูŠ ู…ู† ุฃูŠ object three dimensional ุฃู†

202
00:16:28,120 --> 00:16:32,820
ูŠูƒูˆู† part of it ูŠู‚ุน ููŠ ุงู„ู€ panofusional space ูˆู„ู‡ุฐุง

203
00:16:32,820 --> 00:16:36,940
ุงู„ุณุจุจ ู†ุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ู€ three dimensionality ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ุฅุฐุง

204
00:16:36,940 --> 00:16:42,040
ู†ูุฑุชู‘ุจ ูƒู„ุงู…ู†ุง ูˆู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุจุงู„ุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ

205
00:16:42,040 --> 00:16:45,060
ุงู„ุฅุจุตุฑูŠุฉ ูˆู…ู† ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู€ binocular single vision ููŠ

206
00:16:45,060 --> 00:16:49,620
three spaces ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุชุฎูŠู„ูŠ

207
00:16:49,620 --> 00:16:53,040
ูŠู…ุฑ ููŠ point of fixation ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ panofusional

208
00:16:53,040 --> 00:16:58,480
space ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู‡ูˆ space ุฃู…ุงู… ูˆุฎู„ู ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ

209
00:16:58,480 --> 00:17:02,940
ุทุจุนุงู‹ ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ู„ูŠุณ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุชุฎูŠู„ูŠ ูˆู†ุฌุงู ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ุดูŠุก

210
00:17:02,940 --> 00:17:07,100
ู…ุชุญุฑูƒ ูŠุชุญุฑูƒ ูŠู†ุชู‚ู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ point of fixation ุฃู†ุง ุฃู‚ูˆู… ุจ

211
00:17:07,100 --> 00:17:10,420
fixation ุนู„ู‰ target ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุฏ 100 ู…ุชุฑ ูŠุตุจุญ ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ

212
00:17:10,420 --> 00:17:14,340
ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃู‚ูˆู… ุจู€ fixation ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุฏ 10 ู…ุชุฑ ูŠุตุจุญ ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠ

213
00:17:14,340 --> 00:17:17,840
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ู€ panofusional space ู‡ูˆ space ูŠุญูŠุท

214
00:17:17,840 --> 00:17:22,060
ุจุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ู…ู† ุฃู…ุงู…ู‡ ูˆู…ู† ุฎู„ูู‡ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ objects ุงู„ุชูŠ

215
00:17:22,060 --> 00:17:29,370
ุชู‚ุน ููŠ ุงู„ู€ pan-refugial space ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ Stimulates

216
00:17:29,370 --> 00:17:32,770
slightlyุŒ ู„ุง ู†ู†ุณู‰ slightly non-corresponding

217
00:17:32,770 --> 00:17:36,470
retinal points ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุงู†ุญุฑุงู ุนู† ุงู„ู€ correspondence

218
00:17:36,470 --> 00:17:40,250
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ูˆู‚ุนุช ุนู„ู‰ ุณูŠู†ุŒ ุชู‚ุน ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉู‹ ุจุฌุงู†ุจ ุณูŠู† ุดุฑุทุฉุŒ

219
00:17:40,250 --> 00:17:43,950
ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฅุฐุง ูˆู‚ุนุช ุตุงุฏุŒ ุชู‚ุน ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉู‹ ุจุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ุตุงุฏ ุดุฑุทุฉุŒ

220
00:17:43,950 --> 00:17:46,650
ุจู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุณุชุทูŠุน ุงู„ู€ brain ุฃู† ูŠุดุชุบู„

221
00:17:46,650 --> 00:17:51,350
ูˆูŠูุญุฏุซ ุชุนุฏูŠู„ุงู‹ ุจุณูŠุทุงู‹ ูˆุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงุดุชุบุงู„ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ุจุนุฏ

222
00:17:51,350 --> 00:17:57,470
ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ู„ู„ู€ object ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ู€ paninfusional space ูƒู„

223
00:17:57,470 --> 00:18:03,310
ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู‚ุน ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ู€ Pan-infusion space ุชูุญุฏุซ

224
00:18:03,310 --> 00:18:07,310
physiological diplopia ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง stimulate largely

225
00:18:07,310 --> 00:18:10,250
non-corresponding retinal points

226
00:18:12,570 --> 00:18:16,170
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฑุณู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ุง ุชุญุฏุซ ู„ูˆ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„

227
00:18:16,170 --> 00:18:20,970
objects ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ู†ุธุฑ ู‡ุฐุง

228
00:18:20,970 --> 00:18:24,210
ุงู„ุดุฎุต ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ target ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ุจุชุงุนู‡

229
00:18:24,210 --> 00:18:27,970
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุฃุฒุฑู‚ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ paninfusion area ุฃูˆ ุงู„

230
00:18:27,970 --> 00:18:32,330
paninfusion space ุนููˆุงู‹ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ ูˆูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุง

231
00:18:32,330 --> 00:18:37,520
ู‡ูˆ ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุทุจุนุงู‹ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุณูŠุณุจุจ ู„ูŠ physiological diplopia

232
00:18:37,520 --> 00:18:40,780
ุฅุฐุง ู…ู„ุงุญุธูŠู† ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ู€ paninfusional space ูุฑุงุบูŠุงู‹

233
00:18:40,780 --> 00:18:45,980
ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ periphery ุฃูˆุณุน ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู€ center ุฃุถูŠู‚

234
00:18:45,980 --> 00:18:49,500
ุทุจุนุงู‹ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุดูƒูŠู„ ุงู„ูุฑุงุบูŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ ู„ู„ู€ paninfusional

235
00:18:49,500 --> 00:18:53,840
space ุฃู†ู‡ ุญูˆู„ู‡ around point of fixation ุงู„

236
00:18:53,840 --> 00:19:00,550
paninfusional space shallow ุถุญู„ ุชู…ุงู…ุงู‹ ูˆุฎุงุฑุฌู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู„

237
00:19:00,550 --> 00:19:03,910
ู…ุง ู†ุชุฌู‡ ุจุงุชุฌุงู‡ ุงู„ู€ retinal periphery ุฃูˆ ูƒู„ ู…ุง

238
00:19:03,910 --> 00:19:07,370
ู†ุชุฌู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ูุฑุงุบ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ periphery ูŠุตุจุญ more deep

239
00:19:07,370 --> 00:19:11,490
ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนู…ู‚ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ู€ panoffusional space ูŠุนู†ูŠ

240
00:19:11,490 --> 00:19:16,350
ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ู€ point of fixation ุชู…ุงู… ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุงู‹ 6 seconds

241
00:19:16,350 --> 00:19:23,570
of arc ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุงู„ุนู…ู‚ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ู€ panoffusional space

242
00:19:23,570 --> 00:19:28,290
ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู†ุฐู‡ุจ 15 degree ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ fixation ู‚ุฏ ูŠุตู„ ู„ู€ ..

243
00:19:28,290 --> 00:19:36,270
ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุงู‹ 30 ู„ู€ 40 seconds of arc ุทูŠุจ

244
00:19:38,360 --> 00:19:41,380
ู†ู‚ุฑุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู‡ุฏู‰ ูŠุง ุจู†ุงุช ู„ุชุซุจูŠุช ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุฉ ุฅุฐุง

245
00:19:41,380 --> 00:19:46,880
ุงู„ู‡ุฑูˆุจุชุฑ ู‡ูˆ an imaginary plane ููŠ ู†ุงุณ ููŠ ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ

246
00:19:46,880 --> 00:19:50,980
ุงู„ุงู…ุชุญุงู†ุงุช line true or false ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ูƒุซูŠุฑุงู‹ ู…ู†ุง

247
00:19:50,980 --> 00:19:56,220
ูˆุถุนูˆู‡ุง true ุชู…ุงู… ูู†ุชู†ุจู‡ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุถูŠุฉ ุชู…ุงู… all points

248
00:19:56,220 --> 00:19:59,080
ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุชุญูุฒ corresponding retinal elements

249
00:19:59,080 --> 00:20:01,960
ูˆู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุชูุฑู‰ singly ูˆููŠ ู†ูุณ

250
00:20:01,960 --> 00:20:05,400
plane ูŠุนู†ูŠ two dimensionally ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ this plane 

251
00:20:05,400 --> 00:20:08,180
passes through the intersection of the visual axis

252
00:20:08,180 --> 00:20:12,060
and therefore includes the point of fixation ุทุจุนุง

253
00:20:12,060 --> 00:20:15,960
ููŠ ุงู„ binocular single vision ูŠุนู†ูŠ the persons

254
00:20:15,960 --> 00:20:19,760
Panofusional space is a zone in front of and

255
00:20:19,760 --> 00:20:23,860
behind the horopter in which objects stimulate

256
00:20:23,860 --> 00:20:27,260
slightly non-corresponding retinal points ูŠุนู†ูŠ

257
00:20:27,260 --> 00:20:31,000
ุจุชุนู…ู„ูŠ retinal disparity ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ููŠ ู…ูˆู‚ุน ุณู‚ูˆุท

258
00:20:31,000 --> 00:20:35,620
ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ุจุณูŠุท ุชู…ุงู…ุง objects are

259
00:20:35,620 --> 00:20:39,250
seen singly and the disparity in formation ู‡ุฐุง

260
00:20:39,250 --> 00:20:42,990
ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ุงู„ุจุณูŠุท is used to produce the perception

261
00:20:42,990 --> 00:20:47,210
of binocular depth ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุจุณูŠุณ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุณุชูŠุฑูŠูˆุจุณูŠุณ

262
00:20:47,210 --> 00:20:51,670
objects in front of and behind the panofusional space appear

263
00:20:51,670 --> 00:20:55,850
double ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ basis of physiological diplopia

264
00:20:57,490 --> 00:21:01,110
Panofusional space is shallow at fixation 6 seconds of

265
00:21:01,110 --> 00:21:04,750
arc and deeper towards the periphery ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุจุตู„ู‰

266
00:21:04,750 --> 00:21:10,090
30 ู„40 seconds of arc ู„ู…ุง ู†ุจุนุฏ 15 degree from the

267
00:21:10,090 --> 00:21:10,530
fovea

268
00:21:13,300 --> 00:21:16,320
therefore objects on the horopter are seen singly

269
00:21:16,320 --> 00:21:19,400
and in one plane ูŠุนู†ูŠ two dimensionallyุŒ objects

270
00:21:19,400 --> 00:21:22,240
in paninfusional area are seen singly and

271
00:21:22,240 --> 00:21:26,240
stereoscopicallyุŒ ูˆ objects outside paninfusional

272
00:21:26,240 --> 00:21:30,370
area appear double. Physiological diplopia is

273
00:21:30,370 --> 00:21:33,230
usually accompanied by physiological suppression

274
00:21:33,230 --> 00:21:39,330
and many subjects remain unaware of this

275
00:21:39,330 --> 00:21:42,910
phenomenon ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ู†ู†ุง ุจูŠุดูƒูˆุง ู…ู† ู‚ุถูŠุฉ ุงู„

276
00:21:42,910 --> 00:21:46,550
physiological diplopia ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ุฃูˆ ุบุงู„ุจุง

277
00:21:46,550 --> 00:21:52,070
ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุฑุงูู‚ุฉ ุจsuppression ุทูŠุจ

278
00:21:52,070 --> 00:21:57,240
ู„ูˆ ููŠ object ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ panofusional space

279
00:21:57,240 --> 00:22:00,280
ู‡ูŠุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰ ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ slightly non

280
00:22:00,280 --> 00:22:05,460
-corresponding ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุณุชู‚ุจู„

281
00:22:05,460 --> 00:22:09,860
ุงู„ุตูˆุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ objects ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ panofusional space

282
00:22:09,860 --> 00:22:14,770
ุชุณู…ู‰ panofusional areas ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุจุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ space

283
00:22:14,770 --> 00:22:18,330
ุจู‚ูˆู„ panofusional space ุตูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠู‡

284
00:22:18,330 --> 00:22:22,150
ุจุชุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰ ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚

285
00:22:22,150 --> 00:22:29,670
ุชุณู…ู‰ panofusional areas. Panofusional areas ู†ูŠุฌูŠ

286
00:22:29,670 --> 00:22:39,910
ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ binocular single vision ุงู„

287
00:22:39,910 --> 00:22:43,840
binocular single vision ู‡ูˆ single vision ูŠู†ุชุฌ

288
00:22:43,840 --> 00:22:49,280
ุจูˆุงุณุทุฉ ุนูŠู†ูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Normal Binocular Single Vision ู‡ูˆ

289
00:22:49,280 --> 00:22:54,560
Single Vision ูŠู†ุชุฌ ุจูˆุงุณุทุฉ ุนูŠู†ูŠู† ุจุดุฑุท ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡

290
00:22:54,560 --> 00:22:59,880
ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† bifoveal Fixation. Bifoveal Fixation

291
00:22:59,880 --> 00:23:04,900
Binocular Single Vision is characterized by the

292
00:23:04,900 --> 00:23:08,860
ability to fuse images from the two eyes and to

293
00:23:08,860 --> 00:23:14,640
perceive binocular depth. ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰

294
00:23:14,640 --> 00:23:19,520
ุฃู†ูŠ ุฃู„ุญู… ุตูˆุฑุชูŠู† ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุฃุฏู…ุฌ ุตูˆุฑุชูŠู† ููŠ ุจุนุถ ูˆุฃุดุนุฑ

295
00:23:19,520 --> 00:23:24,980
ุจุงู„ุนู…ู‚ ุงู„ุชุงู„ุช ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุชุงู„ุช ู„ู„ object ู„ู„ object

296
00:23:24,980 --> 00:23:31,800
ุนุดุงู† ุฃุฏู…ุฌ ุตูˆุฑุชูŠู† ููŠ ุจุนุถ ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃุนู…ู„ fusion ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ

297
00:23:31,800 --> 00:23:35,360
ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ fusion ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ sensory fusion ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ

298
00:23:35,360 --> 00:23:40,970
motor fusion. ุงู„ Sensory Fusion involvesุŒ ู‡ูŠุชุนุฑูŠูู‡ุŒ

299
00:23:40,970 --> 00:23:44,230
ุงู„ู€ integration by the visual areas of the

300
00:23:44,230 --> 00:23:47,490
cerebral cortex of two similar images, one from

301
00:23:47,490 --> 00:23:53,950
each eye into one image ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฏู…ุฌ ุตูˆุฑุชูŠู† ู…ุชู…ุงุซู„ุชูŠู†ุŒ

302
00:23:53,950 --> 00:24:00,550
ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ู…ู† ุนูŠู†ุŒ ูˆุชูƒุงู…ู„ู‡ู… ููŠ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุทุจ

303
00:24:00,550 --> 00:24:04,930
ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู…ุฌู„ูŠุงู‡ู…ุŸุงู„ู€ cerebral cortex ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€

304
00:24:04,930 --> 00:24:12,170
visual cortex ููŠ ุงู„ู€ occipital area ุทูŠุจุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ

305
00:24:12,170 --> 00:24:15,190
ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ

306
00:24:15,190 --> 00:24:22,370
ุจุฑูƒุฒ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุจูˆุงุณุทุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุฃูˆ ุงู„ objectุŸ ุจุงู„ููˆููŠุง ูˆู‚ุนุช

307
00:24:22,370 --> 00:24:24,390
ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุดูŠุก ู…ุนูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ููˆููŠุง

308
00:24:30,250 --> 00:24:33,550
ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฑู†ุจ ู‡ุฐุง ูˆู‚ุนุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ููˆููŠุง ู‡ูŠู‚ุน ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†

309
00:24:33,550 --> 00:24:39,870
ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ููˆููŠุง ูˆุฌุฒุก ุจุฑุงุฉ ุงู„ููˆููŠุง ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ุฌุฒุก

310
00:24:39,870 --> 00:24:42,550
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆู‚ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ููˆููŠุง ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆู‚ุน ุนู„ู‰

311
00:24:42,550 --> 00:24:45,970
ุงู„ููˆููŠุง ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุชูƒุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ุจุนุถู‡ ูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก

312
00:24:45,970 --> 00:24:49,750
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆู‚ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ peripheral ุฃูˆ ุงู„ periphery to the

313
00:24:49,750 --> 00:24:52,770
fovea ูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆู‚ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ periphery to the

314
00:24:52,770 --> 00:24:57,880
fovea ุจุฑุถู‡ ุจุชูƒุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุจุนุถ ุชูƒุงู…ู„ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ

315
00:24:57,880 --> 00:25:00,680
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆู‚ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ central area ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ููˆููŠุง

316
00:25:00,680 --> 00:25:02,780
ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ central area ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ

317
00:25:02,780 --> 00:25:08,420
ุงู„ููˆููŠุง ูŠุณู…ู‰ central fusion ู…ุง ุณูˆุงู‡ ูŠุณู…ู‰

318
00:25:08,420 --> 00:25:15,020
peripheral fusion. ุณุฃู„ูˆุง ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ู†ูุณู‡ู… ุณุคุงู„ ูŠุชุฑู‰

319
00:25:15,020 --> 00:25:19,280
ุฃูŠู‡ู…ุง ุฃู‡ู… ุงู„ central fusion ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ peripheral

320
00:25:19,280 --> 00:25:24,610
fusion. ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ู†ุฌุงูˆุจ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุชุฐูƒุฑ ุฃู†

321
00:25:24,610 --> 00:25:31,210
ู…ุณุงุญุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงูƒูˆู„ุง ุจุชุดูƒู„ 5% ู…ู† ุงู„ retina ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุตุญูŠุญ ุฃู†ุง

322
00:25:31,210 --> 00:25:36,910
ุจุฑูƒุฒ ุจุงู„ fovea ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ ููŠู‡ุง ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุญุฏูŠุฏ ุงู„ fine

323
00:25:36,910 --> 00:25:45,830
details ุจุณ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดุบูˆู„ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„

324
00:25:45,830 --> 00:25:51,070
object ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู‚ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ fovea ุตุบูŠุฑ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุจุฏุฃ

325
00:25:51,070 --> 00:25:57,910
ู†ุชุตูˆุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ central fusion ู…ุฑุฉ ุฑุงุญ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ู…ุซู„ุง

326
00:25:57,910 --> 00:26:04,410
foveal scar. ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ุงูŠ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ุนููˆุง

327
00:26:04,410 --> 00:26:10,990
ูˆู‡ูŠ

328
00:26:10,990 --> 00:26:13,630
ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ

329
00:26:22,180 --> 00:26:25,380
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ููŠู‡ุง scotoma ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ู…ุด

330
00:26:25,380 --> 00:26:29,500
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ

331
00:26:29,500 --> 00:26:34,980
ู…ุซู„ุง foveal scar ุฃูˆ macular hole ุฃูˆ ู…ุง ุดุจู‡ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ

332
00:26:34,980 --> 00:26:38,180
ู‡ู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงุฏู…ุฌ ุตูˆุฑุชูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุนูˆูŠุถ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ

333
00:26:38,180 --> 00:26:43,540
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด ู…ุดูŠูˆูุฉ ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉุŸ ุงู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ู„ูˆ ุงุชุตูˆุฑู†ุง

334
00:26:43,540 --> 00:26:46,880
ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุงู†ู‡ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ advanced glaucoma ุถุงูŠู„ ุจุณ ุนู†ุฏูŠ

335
00:26:46,880 --> 00:26:51,530
tubular vision ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆุงู„ุจุงู‚ูŠ

336
00:26:51,530 --> 00:26:59,310
ูƒู„ู‡ ุฑุงุญ ุฃูˆ ู†ุงู‚ุต ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ููŠ ุนูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ู…ุฑุถ ู…ุนูŠู†

337
00:26:59,310 --> 00:27:03,550
ุฃุฏู‰ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ุฅูŠุด ุจุฏูƒ ุชุฏู…ุฌ ู…ู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ุชุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ

338
00:27:03,550 --> 00:27:07,230
ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ peripheral ุฃูƒุจุฑ

339
00:27:07,230 --> 00:27:11,770
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ peripheral fusion ุฃู‡ู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†

340
00:27:11,770 --> 00:27:16,450
ูŠู…ุดูŠ ุฃู…ูˆุฑู‡ ูŠุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ binocular single vision ู„ู…ุง ุงู„

341
00:27:16,450 --> 00:27:19,170
central fusion ูŠุฑูˆุญ ุจุณ ุงู„ peripheral fusion is

342
00:27:19,170 --> 00:27:28,100
essential ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎุงุฏุนุฉ ุฃูˆ

343
00:27:28,100 --> 00:27:32,340
ู…ุบุฑูŠุฉ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ central ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู‡ู… ุชู…ุงู…ุง ู„ุฃ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุถูŠุฉ ุงู†ู‡

344
00:27:32,340 --> 00:27:37,520
ุฌุฏุงุด ู…ุณุงุญุฉ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ peripheral areas ูˆุฌุฏุงุด

345
00:27:37,520 --> 00:27:44,210
ู…ุณุงุญุชู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ central area ู‡ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„ุงุดุงู„ู€

346
00:27:44,210 --> 00:27:48,030
Peripheral ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุฃุณุงุณูŠุง ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู€ Fusion ุฅุฐุง it

347
00:27:48,030 --> 00:27:51,890
may be central fusion which integrates ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุชูƒุงู…ู„

348
00:27:51,890 --> 00:27:55,270
ู„ู„ image falling in the fovea or peripheral which

349
00:27:55,270 --> 00:27:58,310
integrates parts of the image falling outside the

350
00:27:58,310 --> 00:28:02,390
fovea. It is possible ู‡ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุจู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ

351
00:28:02,390 --> 00:28:05,610
ุดุฑุญู†ุง it is possible to maintain fusion ุฃู†ูŠ ุฃุจู‚ู‰

352
00:28:05,610 --> 00:28:10,410
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ fusion ุชู…ุงู…ุง with a central visual deficit in

353
00:28:10,410 --> 00:28:14,510
one eye but peripheral fusion is essential to

354
00:28:14,510 --> 00:28:17,250
binocular single vision and may be affected in

355
00:28:17,250 --> 00:28:20,570
patients with field loss. ุฒูŠ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ advanced

356
00:28:20,570 --> 00:28:24,710
glaucoma ุฃูˆ ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ central ุฃูˆ ุงู„ peripheral ุนููˆุง

357
00:28:24,710 --> 00:28:27,830
ุงู„ central ุฃูˆ ุงู„ branch retinal artery ุฃูˆ vein

358
00:28:27,830 --> 00:28:32,380
occlusions. ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุณู‚ูˆุท ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุญุงุช ูˆุงุณุนุฉ

359
00:28:32,380 --> 00:28:35,960
ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ peripheral retina. ู‡ุฐุง ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ู€ sensory

360
00:28:35,960 --> 00:28:40,180
fusion ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุญุณูŠุฉ ุจุชุชู… ููŠ ุฏู…ุงุบ ู†ุฏู…ุฌ

361
00:28:40,180 --> 00:28:46,160
ุจูˆุงุณุทุชู‡ุง ุตูˆุฑุชูŠู†. ุงู„ motor fusion. ุงู„ motor fusion

362
00:28:46,160 --> 00:28:52,220
ู†ุฑุฌุน ู†ุฐูƒุฑ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ motor fusion ุนู† ุฃู†ูˆุงุน

363
00:28:52,220 --> 00:28:56,840
ุญุฑูƒุงุช ุงู„ุนู†ุชูŠู† ุงูŠุด ู‡ู…ุง ุงู„ุชู„ุงุช ุฃู†ูˆุงุน

364
00:29:01,420 --> 00:29:09,200
convergence. Convergence ู…ุธุจูˆุท. ุงู„ vergences ุฒูŠ ุงู„

365
00:29:09,200 --> 00:29:14,680
divergence ูˆ ุงู„ convergence ูˆ

366
00:29:14,680 --> 00:29:18,040
ุงู„ convergence ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู…ู†ู‡ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู…ุฑุงุฌุนุฉ ุนู„ู‰

367
00:29:18,040 --> 00:29:23,880
ุงู„ุงู…ุชุญุงู†ุฉ ุฏูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุน ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ุง voluntary ูˆ reflex

368
00:29:23,880 --> 00:29:30,390
ุงู„ reflex ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ components ููŠู‡ tonic proximal

369
00:29:30,390 --> 00:29:33,470
fusional

370
00:29:33,470 --> 00:29:41,030
ูˆ accommodative. ุงู„ fusional convergence ู‡ูˆ

371
00:29:41,030 --> 00:29:46,510
convergence ุจุชู… ุนุดุงู† ูŠุญุฏุซู„ู€ fusion ู‡ูˆ motor fusion

372
00:29:46,510 --> 00:29:51,210
fusion ุญุฑูƒูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุญุจู†ุง ุจูƒู„ู…ุงุช ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ู†ู‚ูˆู„

373
00:29:51,210 --> 00:29:55,870
ุฅูŠุด ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ motor fusion ู‡ูˆ ุชุนุฏูŠู„ ูˆุถุน ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† ุญุชู‰

374
00:29:55,870 --> 00:30:00,710
ูŠุชู… ุฅุณู‚ุงุท ุตูˆุฑ ุงู„ objects ุนู„ู‰ corresponding retinal

375
00:30:00,710 --> 00:30:05,870
points ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ 

376
00:30:05,870 --> 00:30:07,390
ุจูŠุคู…ุฑ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ

377
00:30:10,700 --> 00:30:15,300
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุฑุชูŠุจ ุงู„ุฃูˆุฑุงู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ slightly ู…ุจุนุซุฑุฉ ..

378
00:30:15,300 --> 00:30:20,340
slightly ู…ุจุนุซุฑุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุจุงู„ุธุจุท ุชุดุจู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ

379
00:30:20,340 --> 00:30:23,980
ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ motor fusion ุฃูŠ objects ุจูŠู‚ุน ููŠ

380
00:30:23,980 --> 00:30:27,980
ุงู„ู€ panum's fusional area space ุจูŠุณู‚ุท ุตูˆุฑุชู‡ ุนู„ู‰ slightly 

381
00:30:27,980 --> 00:30:31,780
non-corresponding retinal points ุทุจ ูƒูŠู ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุดุชุบู„

382
00:30:31,780 --> 00:30:35,340
ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบุŸ ูƒูŠู ุจูŠุฑุชุจ ุฃูˆุฑุงู‚ู‡ุŸ ูˆุจูŠุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ

383
00:30:35,340 --> 00:30:39,990
ุฃุซู†ุงุกู‡ุงุŸ ุฃูˆุฑุงู‚ู‡ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ convergence ุฃูˆ ุดูˆูŠุฉ

384
00:30:39,990 --> 00:30:43,590
divergence ุฃูˆ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุชุนุฏูŠู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ vertical divergence

385
00:30:43,590 --> 00:30:47,650
ุฃูˆ cyclovergence ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ divergence movement

386
00:30:47,650 --> 00:30:50,630
ุชุนุฑูŠูู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ binocular

387
00:30:52,170 --> 00:30:55,250
simultaneous disjunctive movement ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ุนูŠู†

388
00:30:55,250 --> 00:30:57,850
ุฏู‡ ู‡ุชุฑูˆุญ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ู‡ุชุฑูˆุญ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฅุฐุง ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุฑูˆุญ

389
00:30:57,850 --> 00:31:00,570
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ู‡ุชุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุทู„ุน

390
00:31:00,570 --> 00:31:03,850
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ู‚ุตุฏ ู…ุด ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุง ุจู‚ุดุฑ

391
00:31:03,850 --> 00:31:09,930
ุจุฃุตุงุจุนูŠ ุจุณ slight movement ุญุชู‰ ุชุญุฏุซ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู‡ุฏู ู…ู†ู‡ุง

392
00:31:09,930 --> 00:31:15,910
ุฅุณู‚ุงุท ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ object ุนู„ู‰ corresponding retinal

393
00:31:15,910 --> 00:31:20,150
areas ููŠ ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ูƒู„ุชุง ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ motor

394
00:31:20,150 --> 00:31:23,630
fusion ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฒู…ุงู† ูƒู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ fusional

395
00:31:23,630 --> 00:31:27,470
convergence ุงู„ุขู† ู„ุฃ ุจู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ motor fusion ูƒูƒู„

396
00:31:27,470 --> 00:31:31,590
ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู…ู„ fusional convergence ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู…ู„ fusional

397
00:31:31,590 --> 00:31:35,370
divergence ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู…ู„ fusional vertical divergence

398
00:31:35,370 --> 00:31:39,030
ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠู‚ูˆู… ููŠู‡ุง divergence ูˆู„ุง convergence

399
00:31:39,030 --> 00:31:42,270
ูˆู„ุง vertical divergence ูˆู„ุง cyclovergence ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ

400
00:31:42,270 --> 00:31:47,470
ุชุนู…ู„ excyclotorsion ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุชุนู…ู„ excyclotorsion ุฃูˆ

401
00:31:47,470 --> 00:31:50,290
ุชุนู…ู„ ุจุฑุถู‡ excyclotorsion ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชู†ุชูŠู† ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง

402
00:31:50,290 --> 00:31:53,730
excyclotorsion ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญูƒู… ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€

403
00:31:53,730 --> 00:31:57,590
brain ุฅูŠุด ู‡ุฏูู‡ ุงู„ู€ brain ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุนุดูˆุงุฆูŠ ู„ุฃ ุจูŠุถู„

404
00:31:57,590 --> 00:32:03,990
ูŠุนุฏู„ ููŠ ูˆุถุน ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ู…ุง ูุนู„ุง ุชุณู‚ุท ุดุบู„ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง

405
00:32:03,990 --> 00:32:08,390
ุชุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰ corresponding retinal areas ุดุบู„ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง

406
00:32:08,390 --> 00:32:14,430
ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ุดุบู„ ุจูŠุดุนุฑ ุจุงู„ุนู…ู‚ ุฒูŠ ุจุงู„ุธุจุท ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุดุบู„ูŠ ูˆ

407
00:32:14,430 --> 00:32:21,210
ุฃู†ุง ุจุฑุชุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃูˆุฑุงู‚ ุจูƒุชุณุจ ุงู„ุฎุจุฑุฉ ูˆุจุชุตูŠุฑ ุฅูŠุฏูŠุง ุชุดุนุฑ

408
00:32:21,210 --> 00:32:25,970
ุจุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุฑู‚ุฉ ูˆู„ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุซู„ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ูˆุฑู‚ุฉ ุนู…ู„ุฉ ู…ุซู„ุง

409
00:32:25,970 --> 00:32:29,930
ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ู†ุณูŠุฉ ููŠ ูƒุชุงุจ ุชุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ sense ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุน

410
00:32:29,930 --> 00:32:34,690
ู„ุงูƒุชุดุงู ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุชุญุช ุฅูŠุฏูŠุŸ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ brain ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‡

411
00:32:34,690 --> 00:32:39,350
ุงู„ุดุนูˆุฑ ุจุงู„ุนู…ู‚ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ู€ objects ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุชุฑุชูŠุจู‡ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡

412
00:32:39,350 --> 00:32:44,390
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ูˆุถุน ุฃุณู‚ุงุท ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ corresponding retinal

413
00:32:44,390 --> 00:32:48,090
area ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ู€ motor fusion involves the maintenance

414
00:32:48,090 --> 00:32:53,250
of motor alignment of the eyes to sustain bifoveal

415
00:32:53,250 --> 00:32:58,390
ุนุดุงู† ู†ุจู‚ู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ bifoveal fixation ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญุงูุธ

416
00:32:58,390 --> 00:33:02,860
ู„ู„ู€ motor fusionุŸ ุงู„ู€ Retinal Image Disparity ุงุฎุชู„ุงู

417
00:33:02,860 --> 00:33:08,060
ุงู„ู…ูˆุงู‚ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ูƒู„ุชุง ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† ุจุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ

418
00:33:08,060 --> 00:33:11,620
ุงู„ู€ slightly non-corresponding retinal areas ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ

419
00:33:11,620 --> 00:33:15,640
ุทุจ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ุงู„ุจุณูŠุท ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุญุงูุธ ู„ู„ู€ brain ุฃู†ู‡

420
00:33:15,640 --> 00:33:19,620
ูŠุนู…ู„ motor fusion ุนุดุงู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ sensory fusion ุนุดุงู†

421
00:33:19,620 --> 00:33:23,460
ูŠุตูŠุฑ sensory fusion ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ retinal image

422
00:33:23,460 --> 00:33:27,640
disparity stimulates fusional vergences

423
00:33:27,640 --> 00:33:32,720
ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูุงุชุช ู„ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุนู† ุญุฑูƒุงุช ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† ุจุณ ุญูƒูŠู†ุง

424
00:33:32,720 --> 00:33:35,980
ุนู† ุงู„ู€ convergence ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ fusional convergence

425
00:33:35,980 --> 00:33:40,720
ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ motor fusion ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชุทู„ุจ fusional

426
00:33:40,720 --> 00:33:44,620
convergence ูŠุนู†ูŠ convergence ุนุดุงู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ fusion ูˆ

427
00:33:44,620 --> 00:33:49,180
ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชุทู„ุจ fusional divergence ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชุทู„ุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒูŠู

428
00:33:49,180 --> 00:33:53,540
fusional divergence ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฃู†ุง ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุจุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุดูŠุก

429
00:33:53,540 --> 00:33:57,180
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฃุณูˆุฏ ุงู„ู€ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ุจุนุฏู‡ ุจุณ ุฌุงูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู€

430
00:33:57,180 --> 00:34:00,940
panum's fusional area ูˆููŠ fusional space ุนุดุงู† ุฃู†ุฌู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฃุณูˆุฏ

431
00:34:00,940 --> 00:34:05,460
ู„ู„ู€ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ู…ูŠู† ุฃุจุนุฏุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃุนู…ู„ ู„ูŠ ุดูˆูŠุฉ

432
00:34:05,460 --> 00:34:09,680
divergence ุนุดุงู† ุฃู†ุฌู„ ุชู…ุงู… ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุดูˆูŠุฉ

433
00:34:09,680 --> 00:34:13,520
divergence fusional divergence, fusional divergence

434
00:34:13,520 --> 00:34:18,920
ุนุดุงู† ุฃุณู‚ุท ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ุนู„ู‰ corresponding

435
00:34:18,920 --> 00:34:22,620
retinal areas ุฃูˆ ุจุงู„ุฃุญุฑู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ fovea ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุนู„ู‰

436
00:34:22,620 --> 00:34:25,520
ุงู„ู€ fovea ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุง ู‡ู… corresponding ู‡ู… corresponding

437
00:34:25,520 --> 00:34:26,280
ุชู…ุงู…

438
00:34:29,180 --> 00:34:32,700
ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ Retinal Image Disparity Stimulates

439
00:34:32,700 --> 00:34:38,260
fusional vergences ู„ู†ุฌูŠ ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู† fusional vergences

440
00:34:38,260 --> 00:34:42,620
ู„ูˆ ุณุฃู„ู†ุง ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ .. ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุด ุชุนุฑูŠู fusional

441
00:34:42,620 --> 00:34:46,680
vergences ุฃูˆ fusional vergences ู„ู†ุฌูŠ ุจู†ู…ุณูƒ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ

442
00:34:46,680 --> 00:34:52,580
vergences ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ vergences Binocular Simultaneous

443
00:34:52,580 --> 00:34:56,000
Disjunctive Movement ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† ููŠ ุงุชุฌุงู‡ูŠู†

444
00:34:56,000 --> 00:35:01,310
ู…ุชุนุงูƒุณูŠู† ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู„ุญุธุฉ ู„ู…ุง ุจุถูŠู ุงู„ุตูุงุช fusionalุŒ

445
00:35:01,310 --> 00:35:05,830
ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ fusional vergencesุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุจุณ

446
00:35:05,830 --> 00:35:13,070
ุจุถูŠู ุงู„ู€ F ุงู„ุชูŠ ุงู„ู‡ุฏู ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุฃู‡ ุจุงู„ุธุจุท ุนู…ู„ sensory

447
00:35:13,070 --> 00:35:17,730
fusion ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† vergences ุงู„ู‡ุฏู ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุฅุณู‚ุงุท

448
00:35:17,730 --> 00:35:22,190
ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุชูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ู†ู‚ุงุท ุฃูˆ ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ู…ุชู†ุงุธุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ูƒู„ุชุง

449
00:35:22,190 --> 00:35:26,870
ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† ุญุชู‰ ูŠุณู‡ู„ ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ brain ููŠ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู€

450
00:35:26,870 --> 00:35:30,450
sensory fusion ุทูŠุจ involves this to get eye

451
00:35:30,450 --> 00:35:33,490
movements to overcome retinal ุนุดุงู† ู†ุชุบู„ุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€

452
00:35:33,490 --> 00:35:36,470
retinal image disparity ุงู„ู€ fusional divergence

453
00:35:36,470 --> 00:35:39,650
amplitudes can be measured with prisms or in the

454
00:35:39,650 --> 00:35:46,590
synoptophore ุทูŠุจุŒ ู‡ู„ ุฅู„ู‡ุง range ู…ุนูŠู†ุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰

455
00:35:46,590 --> 00:35:52,680
ุขุฎุฑ ู„ู…ุง ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ูŠ ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆู‡ูŠ ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ

456
00:35:52,680 --> 00:35:59,480
ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ fovea ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ fovea ู†ูุฑุถ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€

457
00:35:59,480 --> 00:36:03,420
object ุณู‚ุท ุนู† ู†ู‚ุทุฉ C ููŠ ุดุจูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุชู…ุงู…

458
00:36:03,420 --> 00:36:07,900
ู‡ู†ุง temporal retina ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰ C' ููŠ

459
00:36:07,900 --> 00:36:12,680
ุงู„ู€ nasal retina ุชู…ุงู… ู…ุง ุณู‚ุทุด ุนู„ู‰ C' ุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰ ุต'

460
00:36:12,680 --> 00:36:18,170
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฌู†ุจู‡ุง ุชู…ุงู… ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ุงู„ู€ brain ูŠุนู…ู„ functional

461
00:36:18,170 --> 00:36:21,370
convergence ุฃูˆ divergence ุฃูˆ vertical divergence

462
00:36:21,370 --> 00:36:25,470
ุฃูˆ cyclovergence ุญุณุจ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุต' ุฌุงูŠุฉ ููŠ ุฃูŠ

463
00:36:25,470 --> 00:36:29,830
ู…ูƒุงู† ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ูˆ temporal ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ูˆ nasal ุฃูƒุซุฑ

464
00:36:29,830 --> 00:36:33,110
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆู„ุง ู‡ู†ุง ูˆู„ุง ููˆู‚ ูˆู„ุง ุชุญุช ุฅู„ู‰ ุขุฎุฑู‡

465
00:36:33,110 --> 00:36:37,190
ุชู…ุงู… ูู‡ูŠุนู…ู„ ุญุฑูƒุฉ convergence ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุจุบุถ ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ ุนู† ู‡ูŠ

466
00:36:37,190 --> 00:36:44,220
ู„ูˆ ุณู‚ุท ุฃุจุนุฏ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุนูŠู† ุต' ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃูŠุถุง ูŠุจุฐู„ ุฌู‡ุฏ ูˆ

467
00:36:44,220 --> 00:36:50,020
ูŠุดุชุบู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู„ ููŠ range ู…ุนูŠู† ู„ู„ู€ vergences movements

468
00:36:50,020 --> 00:36:56,360
ุจุนุฏูŠู‡ ู…ุด ู‡ูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ vergences ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ

469
00:36:56,360 --> 00:37:00,640
ุญุฏ ุฃู‚ุตู‰ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุญุฏ ุฃู‚ู„ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุญุฏ ุฃู‚ุตู‰ ู„ู„ู€ vergences

470
00:37:00,640 --> 00:37:03,640
movements ุจุนุฏูŠู‡ุง ู„ุงุฒู… ุชุตูŠุฑ diplopia ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ู‚ุงุฏุฑ

471
00:37:03,640 --> 00:37:08,600
ูŠุนุฏู„ ุตุญ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจุชูŠุฌูŠู†ูŠ ูƒุชุจ ุจูŠุญู…ู„ ู„ูŠ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุตูุฉ

472
00:37:08,600 --> 00:37:12,400
ูƒุชุจ ู…ุจุนุซุฑุฉ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู„ู‡ ู‡ุญุทู‡ุง ุฃู†ุง ุจุฑุชุจู‡ุง ุทุจ ู„ู…ุง

473
00:37:12,400 --> 00:37:16,580
ุจูŠุฌูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ ุฌู‡ุฉ ู‡ุง ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ู‡ ุฑูˆุญ

474
00:37:16,580 --> 00:37:20,340
ู‡ูŠูƒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฅูŠุฏูŠ ุฃุฏูุน ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู„ู‡ ุฑูˆุญ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด

475
00:37:20,340 --> 00:37:23,740
ุดุบู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠุจ ู„ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูˆ ูŠุฌูŠุจ ู„ูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ุตูุฉ ู…ู„ูุงุช ู‡ูŠูƒ

476
00:37:23,740 --> 00:37:29,940
ุฃูˆ ุตูุฉ ุฃุจุญุงุซ ุชุฎุฑุฌ ูˆูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠู‡ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดุบู„ ุบูŠุฑ ู…ู…ูƒู†

477
00:37:29,940 --> 00:37:33,700
ุชู…ุงู… ูุจู‚ูˆู„ ู„ู‡ ุฃุด ุจุฏู‡ ุฃุฌุฑู‰ ููŠู‡ุง ู„ุฃ ุฃุฌุฑู‰ ุชู…ุงู… ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ

478
00:37:33,700 --> 00:37:37,060
ุงู„ู€ brain ู„ู‡ range ุจุนู…ู„ ููŠู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด .. ู…ุด ุจุณ ุชุณู‚ุท

479
00:37:37,060 --> 00:37:39,420
ู…ู† C' ุนู„ู‰ S' slightly non

480
00:37:39,420 --> 00:37:42,360
-corresponding ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุณู‚ุทุช ุนู„ู‰ C ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ

481
00:37:42,360 --> 00:37:45,240
ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰ C' ู…ุง ุณู‚ุทุชุด ุนู„ู‰ C'

482
00:37:45,240 --> 00:37:49,440
ุณู‚ุทุช ุฌู†ุจู‡ุง ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ S' ุชู…ุงู… ููŠ ุดุบู„ ููŠู‡

483
00:37:49,440 --> 00:37:51,260
divergence movement ุณูˆุงุก ูƒุงู†ุช convergence ุฃูˆ

484
00:37:51,260 --> 00:37:54,320
divergence ุฃูˆ vertical divergence ุฃูˆ cyclovergence

485
00:37:54,320 --> 00:37:57,580
ู…ุด ู…ูˆุถูˆุนู†ุง ุงู„ุขู† ุฃูŠุด ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตุงุฑุช ุจุณ ู‡ู„ ููŠู‡

486
00:37:57,580 --> 00:38:01,620
ู„ูƒู„ ุญุฑูƒุฉ range ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠู‡ ู…ุฑูˆู†ุฉ ู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ูˆู„ุง ู‡ูˆ ุฎู„ุงุต

487
00:38:01,620 --> 00:38:04,860
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒ ุฃู†ุง ุจุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ู…ู†ูŠ ูˆู…ุงู„ูŠุด ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู„ุฃ

488
00:38:04,860 --> 00:38:08,640
ู‡ูˆ ู…ุง ุจุญุฑูƒุด ุงู„ุนูŠู† ู…ู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ููŠู‡ ู‚ูŠู„ูˆ range ุจุชุชุญุฑูƒ ููŠู‡

489
00:38:08,640 --> 00:38:13,040
ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ range ุงู„ู€ disparity ุจุชูƒุจุฑ ูˆุจุชูƒุจุฑ ูˆุงู„ู€

490
00:38:13,040 --> 00:38:17,670
brain ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ูˆุฃูƒุซุฑ ุชู…ุงู… ูˆุจูŠุธู„ ู…ุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€

491
00:38:17,670 --> 00:38:22,130
stereoscopic single vision ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ range

492
00:38:22,130 --> 00:38:25,630
ู„ุฃ ุฅุญู†ุง ุจู†ุฎุด ููŠ ุงู„ู€ diplopia ุฅุญู†ุง ุจู†ุฎุด ููŠ ุงู„ู€ diplopia

493
00:38:25,630 --> 00:38:30,550
ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ divergence movement ู…ุง ุจุชู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุชุบู„ุจ

494
00:38:30,550 --> 00:38:33,850
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุฃูˆ ุชุฌุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุจุบูŠ ุงู„ู€ divergence movement ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ

495
00:38:33,850 --> 00:38:39,590
ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠุณู‚ุท ูŠุนูŠุฏ ุฅุณู‚ุงุท ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰

496
00:38:39,590 --> 00:38:42,390
corresponding retinal points ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰

497
00:38:42,390 --> 00:38:48,080
C ูˆุณู‚ุท ู…ุซู„ุง ุนู„ู‰ L ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ุจุนูŠุฏุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุนุดุงู† ู†ู‚ู„ู‡ุง ู…ู†

498
00:38:48,080 --> 00:38:52,620
L ู„ู€ C' ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ movement ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุจุณ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€

499
00:38:52,620 --> 00:38:58,270
movement ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ู‚ุฏุฑุชู‡ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ range

500
00:38:58,270 --> 00:39:01,670
ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ุด ู‡ูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ูŠูˆุตู„ู‡ุง ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุณู‚ุท ุนู„ู‰ C' 

501
00:39:01,670 --> 00:39:05,530
ุดุงุทุฑุฉ ูู‡ูŠู†ุชุฌ ุนู†ุฏูŠ double vision ุฅุฐุง ุฑุจ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ูŠู†

502
00:39:05,530 --> 00:39:08,830
ุฎู„ุงุต ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅู† ู‚ุถูŠุฉ ุงู„ fusional vergences ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„

503
00:39:08,830 --> 00:39:12,530
vergence movement ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ู‡ุฏู ู…ู†ู‡ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุชู… ุงู„ fusion

504
00:39:12,530 --> 00:39:17,010
ุจุนุฏูŠู† ููŠู‡ ู„ู‡ range ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ูˆ ู…ุง ููŠุด ู„ู‡ range ุจูŠูƒูˆู†

505
00:39:17,010 --> 00:39:22,890
ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุตุนุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุช ุจุชุดูˆููŠ object ู…ุนูŠู† single

506
00:39:22,890 --> 00:39:24,710
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฌุงูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ horopter ุฌุงูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ point of 

507
00:39:24,710 --> 00:39:25,330
fixation

508
00:39:27,780 --> 00:39:31,620
ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌู†ุจู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุดูˆููŠู‡ single ูˆ stereoscopic ุจุณ

509
00:39:31,620 --> 00:39:35,620
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏูŠู‡ ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ู‡ุชุดูˆููŠู‡ double ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆู‡ุฐุง

510
00:39:35,620 --> 00:39:38,480
ู…ุง ุจูŠุญุฏุซุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุฅุญู†ุง ุจู†ุฑูƒุฒ ููŠ ุดุฎุต ู…ุนูŠู† ูƒู„

511
00:39:38,480 --> 00:39:41,940
ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู‡ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุจู†ุดูˆูู‡ู… ูƒู„ ุดุฎุต ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†

512
00:39:41,940 --> 00:39:46,840
ุดุฎุต ู…ุด ุดุฎุตูŠู† ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฅุญู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

513
00:39:46,840 --> 00:39:49,940
ู‡ูŠ ู‚ุถูŠุฉ ุงู„ fusional vergences ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุดุบู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชููŠุฏ

514
00:39:49,940 --> 00:39:54,870
ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุถูŠุฉ ูƒูŠู ุฃู‚ูŠุณ ุงู„ fusionalุŸconvergence ุงู„ู€

515
00:39:54,870 --> 00:39:58,830
fusional divergence ุงู„ vertical divergence ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„

516
00:39:58,830 --> 00:40:02,490
cyclovergence ุฅู…ุง ุจุฃู‚ูŠุณ ุงู„ horizontal ุฃูˆ ุงู„

517
00:40:02,490 --> 00:40:06,110
vertical divergence ุจูˆุณุทุฉ ุงู„ ุจุฑุฒู…ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุจุงุณุชุนู…ุงู„

518
00:40:06,110 --> 00:40:10,210
ุฌู‡ุงุฒ synoptophor ุญุฏ ู…ุง .. ู…ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ูˆุด ููƒุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„

519
00:40:10,210 --> 00:40:17,350
synoptophor ุฃุฎุฏู‡ ุชู…ุงู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

520
00:40:17,350 --> 00:40:22,790
ุจุชุญุฑูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฃู†ุงุจูŠุจ ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ุฃู† ุฃุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠุถุทุฑ ูŠุนู…ู„

521
00:40:22,790 --> 00:40:26,650
convergence ุฃูˆ ูŠุถุทุฑ ูŠุนู…ู„ divergence ุฃูˆ ูŠุถุทุฑ ูŠุนู…ู„

522
00:40:26,650 --> 00:40:30,330
vertical divergence ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุฑูุน ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฃูˆ

523
00:40:30,330 --> 00:40:33,150
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃู„ู ุงู„ุตูˆุฑ ุจุดูƒู„ cyclotorsion ุฃูˆ

524
00:40:33,150 --> 00:40:37,970
excyclotorsion ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุฑุงุฆุน ุชู…ุงู… ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ

525
00:40:37,970 --> 00:40:42,490
ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุฃู‚ูŠุณ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูƒู„ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ vergences ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูŠู‡ุง ุงู…ุชู‰

526
00:40:42,490 --> 00:40:46,410
ุจุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูุญุต ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูŠุดุนุฑ ุจ double vision

527
00:40:46,410 --> 00:40:50,010
ุงู„ู…ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชู…ุช ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ scale

528
00:40:50,010 --> 00:40:54,550
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจุนุฑู ู‚ุฏ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ vergences amplitude ุฅูŠู‡ ุจุชุงุนุชู‡

529
00:40:54,550 --> 00:40:58,170
ุชู…ุงู… ุทุจุนุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ normal values ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุนู…ู„ุช

530
00:40:58,170 --> 00:41:01,130
studies ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ normal

531
00:41:01,130 --> 00:41:05,730
values ุงู„ convergence ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ distance ุงู„

532
00:41:05,730 --> 00:41:09,530
convergence ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ range ุจุชุงุนู‡ ูŠูˆุตู„ ู…ู† 15 ู„

533
00:41:09,530 --> 00:41:13,630
20 prism diopters ุนู† near ู…ู…ูƒู† ู„ุนูŠู† 25 prism

534
00:41:13,630 --> 00:41:17,870
diopters ูˆ ู„ุงุฒู„ ุฃุดุนุฑ ุจ single vision ูˆ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุง

535
00:41:17,870 --> 00:41:21,930
ุชุฃุซุฑุชุด ููŠ ู‚ุถูŠุฉ ุงู„ diplopia ุงู„ divergence ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„

536
00:41:21,930 --> 00:41:25,310
distance ู…ู† 6 ู„ 10 prism ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุทู„ุน ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุชูŠู† ุนุดุงู†

537
00:41:25,310 --> 00:41:29,200
ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง fusional divergence ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ near ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ู† 12 ู„

538
00:41:29,200 --> 00:41:33,660
14 ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‚ูŠู… ุญุณุจ ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ุฃุฎุฑู‰

539
00:41:33,660 --> 00:41:38,320
ุชูƒูˆู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ range ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฃู‚ู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„

540
00:41:38,320 --> 00:41:42,920
vertical ุงู„ vertical divergence ู…ู† 2 ู„ 3 prism

541
00:41:42,920 --> 00:41:47,240
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุญุทูŠุช ู‚ุฏุงู… ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู…ู†ู‡ุงุฏูˆู‘ูŠุช ู„ู‡ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู…ุถูŠุฆุฉ ููŠ

542
00:41:47,240 --> 00:41:50,520
ุงู„ู€ projector chart ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ ุฃุทู„ุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ู‡ุดูˆูู‡ุง ููŠ

543
00:41:50,520 --> 00:41:54,600
ุนูŠู†ูŠู‡ุง ุชู†ุชูŠู† ุฅูŠุด ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู„ูˆ ุญุทูŠุช vertical prism

544
00:41:54,600 --> 00:41:59,340
ุณูˆุงุก base up ุฃูˆ base down ู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑู‡ 1 2 prism ุฏูŠูˆุจุชุฑ

545
00:41:59,340 --> 00:42:03,380
ุชู„ุงุชุฉ prism ุฏูŠูˆุจุชุฑ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู„ู„ุญุธุงุช ุชุตูŠุฑ double vision

546
00:42:03,380 --> 00:42:07,520
ุจุณ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ูŠุฑุฌุน single vision ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุงุช ุงู„

547
00:42:07,520 --> 00:42:11,430
vertical vergences ู„ุงุณุชุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ single version ุงู„ู„ูŠ

548
00:42:11,430 --> 00:42:14,470
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ fusional vertical vergence ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุญุทูŠุช ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุฃูˆ

549
00:42:14,470 --> 00:42:17,910
ุณุชุฉ prism ู‡ูŠุจุฏุฃ ูŠุดุนุฑ ุฃู†ู‡ ุฏุจู„ูˆุจูŠุง ูˆู…ุด ู‚ุงุฏุฑ ูŠุชุบู„ุจ

550
00:42:17,910 --> 00:42:21,670
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุทุจุนุง ุฅุญู†ุง ุจู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ุฃู† ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ

551
00:42:21,670 --> 00:42:24,930
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุญูˆู„ ุฑุฃุณูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง fourth nerve palsy ุชู…ุงู…

552
00:42:24,930 --> 00:42:31,420
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุบุฐูŠ ุฃูŠ ุนุถู„ุฉ superior oblique muscle ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃู†

553
00:42:31,420 --> 00:42:34,680
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… congenital fourth nerve palsy ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡

554
00:42:34,680 --> 00:42:41,040
ุงู„ vertical vergence ุนู†ุฏู‡ range ุฃูˆุณุน ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูˆุตู„

555
00:42:41,040 --> 00:42:47,840
ู„ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุนุดุฑุฉ prism ุฏูŠูˆุจุชุฑ ู„ุฃู† ู„ูˆ ู„ูุช ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุดูŠุก

556
00:42:47,840 --> 00:42:51,040
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ุตูˆุฑุชู‡ ู†ูุณู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงุชู†ูŠู†

557
00:42:51,040 --> 00:42:54,820
ู„ุชู„ุงุชุฉ degree ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠู†ุนู…ู„ cyclotorsion ูŠุนุฏู„

558
00:42:54,820 --> 00:42:58,960
ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ูˆ ูŠุชู… ุงู„ fusion ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ูŠูƒ

559
00:43:00,020 --> 00:43:03,820
ู‡ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠ double vision, torsional diplopia, ุฃูŠุถุง

560
00:43:03,820 --> 00:43:06,180
ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… fourth nerve palsy ูŠูƒูˆู† congenital

561
00:43:06,180 --> 00:43:09,160
ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฃูˆ .. ุฃูˆ unilateral ุฃูˆ bilateral ู…ู…ูƒู†

562
00:43:09,160 --> 00:43:12,720
ุงู„ cyclovergence ุนู†ุฏู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ range ุจุชุงุนู‡ ูˆุงุณุน ุฌุฏุง

563
00:43:12,720 --> 00:43:16,420
ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตู„ ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุนุดุฑุฉ degree ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตู„ ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุนุดุฑุฉ

564
00:43:16,420 --> 00:43:20,880
degree divergent ูˆ ุงู„ convergent ุฅุฐุง ุฒูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„

565
00:43:20,880 --> 00:43:24,700
range ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุจุฑุถู‡ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ุฑุถ ุฃูˆ .. ู„ุฃ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ range

566
00:43:24,700 --> 00:43:28,840
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุฏู…ุงุบู†ุง ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ูŠุดุชุบู„ ููŠู‡ ุนุดุงู† ูŠุนู…ู„

567
00:43:28,840 --> 00:43:32,800
motor fusion ุนุดุงู† ูŠุชู… ุจุนุฏูŠู‡ ุงู„ sensor fusion ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ

568
00:43:32,800 --> 00:43:37,180
ุงู„ุขู† ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ู‡ู†ุตูŠุฑ ู†ุดุนุฑ ุจ .. ุจ diplopia ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ

569
00:43:37,180 --> 00:43:43,300
diplopia ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ุจุชุนุทูŠูƒ ุงู„ู…ุชูˆุณุท

570
00:43:43,300 --> 00:43:46,680
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู„ vergences amplitudes

571
00:43:46,680 --> 00:43:51,000
ู…ู†ุฎูุถุฉ ุฌุฏุง ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ุญุฐุฑ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠุนุงู†ูŠ ู…ู†

572
00:43:51,000 --> 00:43:54,860
ุญูˆู„ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู„ vergences amplitudes ู…ู†ุฎูุถุฉ ุฌุฏุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ

573
00:43:54,860 --> 00:43:58,380
ุจู†ุฎุงู ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุฃูˆ ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ุญุฐุฑูŠู† ุฌุฏุง ู„ูˆ ุจูŠุญุชุงุฌ ุฅุฌุฑุงุก

574
00:43:58,380 --> 00:44:02,360
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชู†ุชุฌ ู„ู‡ diplopia ู…ุง ูŠู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠุชุฎู„ุต

575
00:44:02,360 --> 00:44:05,840
ู…ู†ู‡ุง .. ู…ุง ูŠู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ

576
00:44:08,120 --> 00:44:10,840
ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ fusional convergence ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู‡ุฏู ู…ู† ุงู„

577
00:44:10,840 --> 00:44:15,700
fusional convergence helps to control an exophoria

578
00:44:15,700 --> 00:44:19,760
ุงู„ exophoria ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฅูŠุด tendency of the eyes

579
00:44:19,760 --> 00:44:23,580
to deviate outward ู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† ุฅู†ู‡ู… ูŠุฎุฑุฌูˆุง ู„ุจุฑุง

580
00:44:23,580 --> 00:44:27,300
ูุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ brain ุจูŠุนู…ู„ fusional convergence ุนุดุงู†

581
00:44:27,300 --> 00:44:32,010
ูŠุนุฏู„ู‡ุง ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ fusional divergence ุจุณุงุนุฏู†ูŠ ุฃุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู†

582
00:44:32,010 --> 00:44:35,450
ุงู„ esophoria ู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ูŠู† ุฅู†ู‡ู… ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง inward

583
00:44:35,450 --> 00:44:39,990
deviation ุจูŠุนุฏู„ู‡ุง ู„ุจุฑุง ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ fusional divergence

584
00:44:39,990 --> 00:44:43,890
mechanism may be decreased ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ range

585
00:44:43,890 --> 00:44:48,760
ู‡ุฐุง ูŠู†ุฎูุถุŸ ุจุชุงุน ุงู„ vergences amplitudes ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ูุชู‚

586
00:44:48,760 --> 00:44:53,820
ุงู„ illness ุขู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุชุนุจ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุฅุฑู‡ุงู‚ ุงู„ุนู…ู„

587
00:44:53,820 --> 00:44:58,360
ุงู„ู…ุชูˆุงุตู„ ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู†ูุณูŠุฉ ุงู„ุตุนุจุฉ ุงู„ stress ุชู…ุงู…

588
00:44:58,360 --> 00:45:03,220
ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ phoria ุชุชุญูˆู„ ู„ tropia ุฅูŠุด phoria

589
00:45:03,220 --> 00:45:08,780
ุญุงูˆู„ ุฎุงููŠ ุฎุงููŠ ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ู…ุณูŠุทุฑ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุŒ ู…ุณูŠุทุฑ

590
00:45:08,780 --> 00:45:12,000
ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฅุญู†ุง ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ูƒูŠูุŸ ู…ุณูŠุทุฑ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุจุงู„ fusional

591
00:45:12,000 --> 00:45:15,520
variancesุŒ ู„ูˆ ุญุงูˆู„ุช ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุชุทู„ุน ุจุฑุงุŒ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ุง

592
00:45:15,520 --> 00:45:18,320
fusional convergenceุŒ ุญุงูˆู„ุช ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุชุฏุฎู„ ุฌูˆุงุŒ

593
00:45:18,320 --> 00:45:21,780
ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ุง fusional divergenceุŒ ุญุงูˆู„ุช ุชุนู…ู„ upward

594
00:45:21,780 --> 00:45:25,460
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ุง downwardุŒ ูŠุนุฏู„ู‡ุงุŒ

595
00:45:25,460 --> 00:45:30,600
ูˆ ู‡ุงูƒุฐุงุŒ ูˆ ู‡ุงูƒุฐุงุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ the amplitude ุทุจ ุฅุญู†ุง ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง

596
00:45:30,600 --> 00:45:36,680
ู…ุน ุงู„ูุชู‚ ูˆุงู„ุณุชุฑุณ ูˆุงู„ุชุนุจ ุงู„ range ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠู‚ู„ ุทุจ ุฅูŠุด

597
00:45:36,680 --> 00:45:40,840
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฒูˆุฏ ุงู„ range ุงู„ orthoptic exercises ุงู„ุชู…ุฑูŠู†

598
00:45:40,840 --> 00:45:44,600
ุงู„ุชู…ุฑูŠู† ุฅุฐุง the amplitude of fusional convergence

599
00:45:44,600 --> 00:45:47,960
mechanisms can be improved by orthoptic exercises

600
00:45:47,960 --> 00:45:53,120
ูˆ ุฎุงุตุฉ in the case of near fusional convergence for

601
00:45:53,120 --> 00:45:56,380
the relief of convergence insufficiency ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง

602
00:45:56,380 --> 00:45:59,220
ุนู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ู…ุฑุถ ุงุณู…ู‡ convergence insufficiency ูŠุนู†ูŠ

603
00:45:59,220 --> 00:46:02,220
ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ููŠู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุด ู‚ุงุฏุฑ ูŠุนู…ู„ convergence ูู„ู…ุง

604
00:46:02,220 --> 00:46:06,260
ุฃุนุทูŠู„ู‡ orthoptic exercise ู‡ู…ุฑู† ุนูŠู†ูŠู‡ ุชุฏุฎู„ ู„ุฌูˆู‡

605
00:46:06,260 --> 00:46:11,320
ุชุนู…ู„ convergence ูู‡ุฐุง ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุจูŠุณุชููŠุฏ ููŠ

606
00:46:11,320 --> 00:46:16,100
ุงู„ orthoptic exercises ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ