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ุจุณู
ุงููู ุงูุฑุญู
ู ุงูุฑุญูู
ูุงูุตูุงุฉ ูุงูุณูุงู
ุนูู ุณูุฏ
2
00:00:04,760 --> 00:00:09,560
ุงูุฎูู ุฃุฌู
ุนูู ููุชูู ุงูููู
ูู ู
ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฌุฏูุฏุฉ ุจุนููุงู
3
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Tolerance ูุงูุชุดุงู
4
00:00:13,700 --> 00:00:17,800
ูุฐู ุงูุนู
ููุฉ ุจุฏุฃุช
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ูู 1945 ููู
ู
ุง Ray Owen ุจูู ุฃู ุงูุฏุงูุฒุง ูุจูู ูุชู
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ุชูููุฒ ุงููู share the same or common vascular
7
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system ูุนูู ุงููู ูู
ููุณ ุงูุงุดุงุฑุงูุจูุงุณูุชุง ูุงูุช ู
ุชุนุงุฑูุฉ
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ู
ู ุจุนุถูุง ุงูุจุนุถ ู
ู ุจุนุถูุง ุงูุจุนุถ ู
ู ุจุนุถูุง ุงูุจุนุถ ู
ู
9
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ุจุนุถูุง ุงูุจุนุถ ู
ู ุจุนุถูุง ุงูุจุนุถ ู
ู ุจุนุถูุง ุงูุจุนุถ ู
ู ุจุนุถูุง
10
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ุงูุจุนุถ ู
ู ุจุนุถูุง ุงูุจุนุถ ู
ู ุจุนุถูุง ุงูุจุนุถ ู
ู ุจุนุถูุง ุงูุจุนุถ
11
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ู
ู ุจุนุถูุง ุงูุจุนุถ ู
ู ุจุนุถูุง ุงูุจุนุถ ู
ู ุจุนุถูุง ุงูุจุนุถ ู
ู
12
00:00:48,840 --> 00:00:52,160
ุงูุจุนุถ ู
ู ุจุนุถูุง ุงูุจุนุถ ู
ู
13
00:00:52,160 --> 00:00:59,740
ุจุนุถูุง ุงูุจุนุถ ู
ู ุจุนุถูุง ุงูุจุนุถ
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ู
ู
15
00:01:13,470 --> 00:01:21,850
ุงูู Peter Medawar ู ุดุฑูุงู ุฃูุถูุง ุฃุธูุฑ ุนูู ุฃู Adult
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00:01:21,850 --> 00:01:22,390
mice
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00:01:27,280 --> 00:01:35,240
ุนูู ุงููู ูู ุงูู Neonatal Mice ูุฃ ุฃูุง ู
ุฏูุฑ ุญูู ุนูู
18
00:01:35,240 --> 00:01:40,980
ุงู Adult Mice ู
ู Strain ู
ุนููุฉ Strain A ููุง ุฌุงุจ
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ุจุนู
ู Rejection ู Skin graft from Strain B ููุดุ
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ูุฃูู both they have different expression of MHC
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molecule ูู ูุงุญุฏ ูู MHC molecule ุงูุฎุงุต ุจูู
ุจููู
ุง
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ุฅุฐุง ูู
ูุง ุจุฅุณุชุฌุงุจุฉ ู
ูุฒุฉ ู
ู ุฃุณุทุฑูู A ูู
23
00:02:02,190 --> 00:02:10,730
ุฃูู 24 ุณุงุนุฉ ู
ู ุงูููุงุฏุฉ ู
ู ุฃุณุทุฑูู Bุ ููู ูููู
ูุง
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ุจุฅุณุชุฌุงุจุฉ Skin graft ู
ู ุฃุณุทุฑูู B ุญุชู ุจุนุฏ ู
ุง ููุจุฑ
25
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ูุนูู even when they grow to adulthood ุจูุณู
ูุง ูุฐู
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00:02:26,190 --> 00:02:36,170
ุงูุธุงูุฑุฉ Neonatal Tolerance Neonatal Tolerance ุงู
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basis of Neonatal Tolerance ุจูุนุชู
ุฏ ุนูู ุฃู ุงู
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Recipient ู
ุงุนูุด or mouse would become Chimeric ุดู
29
00:02:46,110 --> 00:02:50,370
ูุนูู Chimeric ูุนูู ุจูุญุชูู ุนูู two pool of two
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population of cell cells ุงู cells ุชุจุนุชู ูุงู cell
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00:02:55,830 --> 00:03:01,910
ุงููู ุฃุฎุฏูุงูุง ูุนุทููุงูุง ูููุง during ุงููู ูู new
32
00:03:01,910 --> 00:03:08,610
natal life ุจูุญุชูู ุนูู cells from genetically
33
00:03:08,610 --> 00:03:14,140
different individual ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ููู ูู ุฌุณู
ู ุทุจุนูุง ูุฐู
34
00:03:14,140 --> 00:03:17,720
ุงูุฎูุงูุง ู
ู
ูู ุชููู T-cell Antigen Presenting Cell
35
00:03:17,720 --> 00:03:20,600
Antigen Presenting Cell Antigen Presenting Cell
36
00:03:20,600 --> 00:03:20,980
Antigen Presenting Cell Antigen Presenting Cell
37
00:03:20,980 --> 00:03:22,200
Antigen Presenting Cell Antigen Presenting Cell
38
00:03:22,200 --> 00:03:24,880
Antigen Presenting Cell Antigen Presenting Cell
39
00:03:24,880 --> 00:03:25,180
Antigen Presenting Cell Antigen Presenting Cell
40
00:03:25,180 --> 00:03:25,200
Antigen Presenting Cell Antigen Presenting Cell
41
00:03:25,200 --> 00:03:26,020
Antigen Presenting Cell Antigen Presenting Cell
42
00:03:26,020 --> 00:03:34,500
Antigen Presenting Cell Antigen
43
00:03:34,500 --> 00:03:35,160
Presenting
44
00:03:37,820 --> 00:03:43,200
ุจุณุจุจ ุชุทุจูู T-cell ูู ูุฐู ุงูุญููุงูุงุช ุณูููู ููุงุทูุง
45
00:03:43,200 --> 00:03:45,720
ููุงุทูุง ููุงุทูุง ููุงุทูุง ููุงุทูุง ููุงุทูุง ููุงุทูุง ููุงุทูุง
46
00:03:45,720 --> 00:03:49,260
ููุงุท
47
00:03:49,260 --> 00:03:53,660
ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท
48
00:03:53,660 --> 00:03:54,000
ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท
49
00:03:54,000 --> 00:03:55,120
ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท
50
00:03:55,120 --> 00:03:59,840
ููุงุท ููุงุท ููุงุท
51
00:03:59,840 --> 00:04:05,270
ูููู ุงูุชุฏุฑูุจ ุงูุซุงูู ูููู ุจุตูุฑ ูู ุฃููุงูู ูู
52
00:04:05,270 --> 00:04:07,790
ุงูุฃููุงูู Positive Selection ูู ุงูุซุงูู ูู Negative
53
00:04:07,790 --> 00:04:11,150
Selection ู Negative Selection ูุนูู ุฃู ุฃุญูุง ุจูุนุฑุถ
54
00:04:11,150 --> 00:04:17,590
ุนูููุง ุงู Antigen Self-Antigen ููู ูุง ุชุชุนุงู
ู ู
ุน ุฃู
55
00:04:17,590 --> 00:04:27,750
do not ูุนูู bind with it Central
56
00:04:27,750 --> 00:04:31,180
Tolerance ูุนูู ุงูู Tolerance ูู ู
ุตุทูุญ Antigen ุจุดูู
57
00:04:31,180 --> 00:04:32,760
ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู
58
00:04:32,760 --> 00:04:33,580
ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู
59
00:04:33,580 --> 00:04:35,820
ููุนูู ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู ุจุดูู
60
00:04:35,820 --> 00:04:36,380
ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู
61
00:04:36,380 --> 00:04:40,900
ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู
62
00:04:40,900 --> 00:04:46,600
ููุนูู ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู ุจุดูู
63
00:04:46,600 --> 00:04:54,580
ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู ููุนูู ุจุดูู ู
ุณุชูู ููุน
64
00:04:56,950 --> 00:05:14,570
ูููู
ูู ุจุชูุดูุท ุงูุฎููุฉ
65
00:05:14,570 --> 00:05:19,770
ุฃู ูููู
ูู ุจุชูุดูุท ุงูุฎููุฉ
66
00:05:28,050 --> 00:05:34,070
ุฃู ุฃูู ูุตุจุญ ุบูุฑ ูุดุท ุจู
ุนูู ุฃูู ูุตุจุญ ุบูุฑ ุบูุฑ ูุดุท
67
00:05:34,070 --> 00:05:39,750
only cells with Antigen Specific Receptor ุชุจุนู ุฌุฏุงู
68
00:05:39,750 --> 00:05:44,940
ุฃุญูุง ูู ูุฐู ุงูุญุงูุฉ ู
ุง ุจูุนู
ู ุชูููุฑุงูุณ ููู ุงูุฎูุงูุง
69
00:05:44,940 --> 00:05:49,400
ูุฅูู
ุง ุงูุฎููุฉ ุงูุชู ูู Specific for Self-Antigen ุฃู
70
00:05:49,400 --> 00:05:52,800
ุงูุงูุชุฌู ุงููู ุฃุญูุง ุฏุฎููุงูุง ุงููู ูู ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ
71
00:05:52,800 --> 00:05:58,300
Tolerized ูุจูู Specific Tolerance Induced During
72
00:05:58,300 --> 00:06:02,680
the early stage of Lymphocyte Development ุจูุณู
ูู
73
00:06:02,680 --> 00:06:06,220
Central Tolerance ุจููู
ุง ุงู Tolerance ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ in
74
00:06:06,220 --> 00:06:09,940
Mature Lymphocyte ุจูุณู
ูู Peripheral Tolerance ูุนูู
75
00:06:09,940 --> 00:06:14,120
ูุงุญุฏุฉ ุจูุตูุฑ ูุฐุง ูู ุงูู Central Tolerance ูุญุฏุซ ูู
76
00:06:14,120 --> 00:06:16,820
ุงูู Primary Lymphoid Organs ูุงูุซุงููุฉ ุงูู
77
00:06:16,820 --> 00:06:19,920
Peripheral Tolerance ุชุธูุฑ ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงูู In Vitro ุงูู
78
00:06:19,920 --> 00:06:26,180
Secondary Over Blood ููู
79
00:06:26,180 --> 00:06:31,480
ูุญุฏุซ ุงูุชููุฑุงูุณุ ููุฌุฏ ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู ู
ููุงููุฒู
ูู
ุฑุง ูุงุญุฏ
80
00:06:31,480 --> 00:06:36,480
Anergy ูู
ุฑุง ุงุซููู Receptor Editing ูู
ุฑุง ุซูุงุซุฉ
81
00:06:36,480 --> 00:06:40,300
Deletion ูู
ุฑุง ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ Clonal Ignorance
82
00:06:42,770 --> 00:06:47,670
ู
ุงุดู ููุดูู ูุงุญุฏุฉ ูุงุญุฏุฉ ุทุจุนูุง ุฒู ู
ุง ุฃูุชู
ุดุงูููู ูุฐุง
83
00:06:47,670 --> 00:06:54,950
ุงู figure ุจุชูุถุญ ุฐูู ููู
ูุง ุจููู
ููุณุงูุช
84
00:06:54,950 --> 00:07:03,850
ุฏู ุนูู ุณุทุญูุง BCR ู
ุงุดู ุชูุฏู
ููุง ุงู Antigen ู
ู ุฎููุฉ
85
00:07:03,850 --> 00:07:08,250
ุงููู ูู Self-Bound Antigen ู
ุงุดู
86
00:07:09,820 --> 00:07:14,440
ูุนูู ุฎููุฉ ุฏูุชุฑูุชู ุณูู ุฃู ุฃู ุณูู ู
ุงุณูุฉ Self-Antigen
87
00:07:14,440 --> 00:07:19,120
ุชูุฏู
ูุง ุตุงุฏูุฉ ููุจู ูููููุณุงูุช ุนูู ุณุทุญ ุจู ุณู ุงุฑ ุฃู
88
00:07:19,120 --> 00:07:24,260
ุญุชู ุงู Self-Antigen as a soluble Antigen ุงุฑุชูู
89
00:07:24,260 --> 00:07:29,320
ุจุงูุจู ูููููุณุงูุช ู
ุงุดู ููุฌุฃ ุฎููุฉ ุนูู ุณุทุญ ุจู ุณู ุงุฑ
90
00:07:29,320 --> 00:07:33,960
which is Specific to that Antigen ุงููู ูู ู
ูู ุงููู
91
00:07:33,960 --> 00:07:38,800
ูู ุงู Auto Antigen ุดู ุจูุญุตู ูู ุงูุฎููุฉ ูุฐู ูุนูู
92
00:07:38,800 --> 00:07:43,040
ุจูุญุตู ูุงุญุฏ ู
ู ุซูุงุซุฉ ุงุญุชู
ุงูุงุช ุงูุงุญุชู
ุงู ุงูุฃููุงูู ุฃูู
93
00:07:43,040 --> 00:07:49,400
ูุญุตู ููู Anergy ูุนูู Inactivation ููุฎููุฉ ุงูุงุญุชู
ุงู
94
00:07:49,400 --> 00:07:54,700
ุงูุซุงูู ุฃูู ูุญุตู Deletion by Apoptosis ููู ูุจู ู
ุง
95
00:07:54,700 --> 00:07:58,180
ูุญุตู ูุฐุง ุจูุญุตู ููู ุงุญุชู
ุงู ุซุงูุซ ุงููู ูู ูุฐุง ุงููู
96
00:07:58,180 --> 00:08:01,240
ุจูุณู
ูู Receptor Editing ุงูุขู ุฃุญุฏ ูุนุฑูุด ูุนูู
97
00:08:01,240 --> 00:08:07,280
Receptor Editing ุจู
ุนูู ุฃู ูู ุจุชุบูุฑ ุจุชุนูุฏ ุทุจุงุนุฉ ุงู
98
00:08:07,280 --> 00:08:15,200
BCR ุงููู ุนูู ุณุทุญูุง ุงู
99
00:08:15,200 --> 00:08:23,780
Anergy ูููุง ุงู Anergy ุจุจุณุงุทุฉ ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู Functional
100
00:08:23,780 --> 00:08:28,740
Inactivation of Cells ุจุชุจุทู ุงูุฎููุฉ ุชุดุชุบู ุจุชุจุทู
101
00:08:28,740 --> 00:08:32,960
ุงูุฎููุฉ Has Function ููุฐุง ุจูุคุฏู ุฅูู Non
102
00:08:32,960 --> 00:08:37,520
Responsiveness Upon Contact with Self Antigen
103
00:08:37,520 --> 00:08:42,160
ุทุจูุนู ุฌุฏุงู ุงูุฎููุฉ ูุง ุชุณุชุฌูุจ ููุง ุชุญุฏุซ Immune
104
00:08:42,160 --> 00:08:45,560
Response ุทุจุนูุง ูู ูุฐู ุงูุญุงูุฉ ุงู B Lymphocyte Cannot
105
00:08:45,560 --> 00:08:49,120
Differentiate into Antibody Secreting Cell ูุงูู T
106
00:08:49,120 --> 00:08:51,620
Lymphocyte Do Not Proliferate and Unable to
107
00:08:51,620 --> 00:08:55,000
Produce Cytokine ุฎูุงุต ุจูุญุตู ููู Unresponsiveness
108
00:08:55,000 --> 00:08:59,960
ุงู B Cell Specific ูู T Dependent Antigen ุจูุฏูุง
109
00:08:59,960 --> 00:09:04,100
Two Signal ุนุดุงู ุชุชูุดุท ูุงุญุฏุฉ ุจูููุฑูุง ุงู Antigen
110
00:09:04,100 --> 00:09:11,440
ูุงูุซุงููุฉ ุจุชุฃุฎุฐูุง ู
ู ุงู T Cell ูู ุบูุงุจ ุงู Second
111
00:09:11,440 --> 00:09:16,720
Signal ุงู B Lymphocyte Would Not Response ูุนูู
112
00:09:16,720 --> 00:09:18,080
ุจูุตูุฑ Unresponsive
113
00:09:20,450 --> 00:09:26,990
ุงูุณูุฌูุงู ุงูุซุงูู ูุชู
ุฅุนุทุงุคู ุจูุงุณุทุฉ ุงูู CD4T Ligand
114
00:09:26,990 --> 00:09:30,830
ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏ ุนูู ุงูู T-Lymphocyte ุฎูุงู ุงุฑุชุจุงุทู ุจุงูู
115
00:09:30,830 --> 00:09:38,630
CD4T ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏ ุนูู ุณุทุญ ุงูู T-Lymphocyte T-cell ุฃูุถูุง
116
00:09:38,630 --> 00:09:42,050
ูุชุทูุจูู ุงุชุตุงููู ูุงุซููู ููู ูุชู
ุฅุนุทุงุคูุง ูุงุญุฏุฉ
117
00:09:42,050 --> 00:09:46,350
ุจููุฑูุง ุงูู MHC-Peptide Complex ูุงูุซุงููุฉ
118
00:09:47,840 --> 00:09:51,480
ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงูุชุนุงู
ู ู
ุน Costimulatory Molecule ุจุณุจุจ
119
00:09:51,480 --> 00:09:56,480
ุงูู B7 ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏ ุนูู ุงูุงูุชุฌู ุงูุฐุงุชูุฉ ูุงูู CD28
120
00:09:56,480 --> 00:10:04,240
ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏ ุนูู ุณุทุญ ุงูู T ุงูู
ูููุณุงูุชุณ ุงูู Delivery of
121
00:10:04,240 --> 00:10:07,760
the First Signal ู
ู
ูู ุชุคุฏู ุฅูู Transcriptional
122
00:10:07,760 --> 00:10:14,540
Factor ุฒู ุงููู
123
00:10:14,540 --> 00:10:19,300
ุจูุฑุชุจุท ู
ู ุงู Promoter Region of IL2 ุทุจุนูุง ูุฐุง ุจูุคุฏู
124
00:10:19,300 --> 00:10:24,040
ุฅูู Transcription of IL2 ุฅูุง ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุงู First
125
00:10:24,040 --> 00:10:27,980
Signal ุงููู ูู ุงูุฃู
ุดู ุจุชุงุนุช ุงู Complex
126
00:10:48,210 --> 00:10:59,610
ุงูุฎููุฉ ูุง ุชุณุชุทูุน ุชูููู ุงูู IL-2 cytokine ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุง
127
00:10:59,610 --> 00:11:06,130
ููุฌุฏ ุงูุชูุงุด ููุฐุง ุงูู
ุธูุฑ ููุฑูุฌูุง ุงูู ูู ุงูู two
128
00:11:06,130 --> 00:11:14,370
signals ูุฐู ุงูุฃููุงููุฉ MHC bind ุงูุชูุฌู ู
ุฑุชุจุท ุจุงูู TCR
129
00:11:14,370 --> 00:11:24,290
ุฃู ุงูู BCR ูุงูุชุงููุฉ CD40-ligand interaction ุตุงุฑ
130
00:11:24,290 --> 00:11:29,740
ูู ุจูุณู ุงูุชูุงุด ูุตุงุฑ ูู antibody secretion ุจููู
ุง ููุง
131
00:11:29,740 --> 00:11:35,600
ุตุงุฑ ููู ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ู
ุง ุจูู ุงูุงูุชูุฌู ููู ู
ุงููู second
132
00:11:35,600 --> 0:11:39,800
signal ุงููู ูู CD40-ligand interaction ูุจุงูุชุงูู
133
00:11:39,800 --> 00:11:48,820
ุงูุฎููุฉ ุตุงุฑุช ูุง ุตุงุฑ ุงููุฑุฌูู ููุณ
134
00:11:48,820 --> 00:11:55,080
ุงูุญูุงูุฉ ุฏู ูู ุฏูุชุฑ ุชูุณู ูุฏู
ุช ูู T lymphocytes ู
ู
135
00:11:55,080 --> 00:11:58,640
ุฎูุงู MSC Class II ู
ููููููู ุงูุงูุชูุฌู ุงุชุตุงุฑ ููู ูุฑุด
136
00:11:58,640 --> 00:12:06,540
Signal ููู CD28 ู
ุน B7 ูุฏูู
ุช ุงูู Second Signal ุงุชูุดุทุช
137
00:12:06,540 --> 00:12:11,660
ุงูู T lymphocyte ูููููุช IL-2 cytokine ูุจุงูุชุงูู
138
00:12:11,660 --> 00:12:18,930
ุตูููุง ุงูู activation ูู ููู
ูููู ุงูู T-Lymphocytes
139
00:12:18,930 --> 00:12:22,490
ููู
ุชุฑุชุจุท ุจุงูู Antigen ููุญุตู ููู ุงูู First Signal
140
00:12:22,490 --> 00:12:26,050
ููู ุงูู Second Signal ู
ูููุฏุ ู
ุนูุงุชู ุชุจุชุณู
141
00:12:26,050 --> 00:12:31,330
Energized ุงูู
142
00:12:31,330 --> 00:12:36,450
Receptor Editing ูููู ุจุฃูู ุงูู T-Lymphocytes ุชุนูุฏ
143
00:12:36,450 --> 00:12:39,870
ุชุตููุฉ
144
00:12:39,870 --> 00:12:44,130
ุงูุฌููุฉ ุงูู
ุณุคููุฉ ุนู ุงูู Light Chain Variable Gene
145
00:12:44,130 --> 00:12:53,590
Segment ุจุนุฏ ู
ุง ุงุชูููุช ุงูู VG Unit ูุจุชุฎุชุงุฑ
146
00:12:53,590 --> 00:13:00,630
Unarranged Element ุนูู ุณุจูู ุงูู
ุซุงู V1G5 ุจุฏู ุงููู
147
00:13:00,630 --> 00:13:07,150
already ุงุชุฑุชุจ ุณุงุจููุง ูุจุชุนู
ู Secondary Arrangement
148
00:13:07,150 --> 00:13:12,820
ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุงูู diversity ุจุชุฒูุฏ ูุจูุณู
ููุง ุนู
ููุฉ ูุณุฎ
149
00:13:12,820 --> 00:13:18,200
ุฌุฏูุฏุฉ ููุฑูุณุจุชูุฑ ููุฑูุณุจุชูุฑ ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุตุงุฑ ูู ุฑูุณุจุชูุฑ
150
00:13:18,200 --> 00:13:23,900
specificity ุฌุฏูุฏุฉ ูุทุจุนูุง ูู ูุฐู ุงูุญุงูุฉ ู
ู
ูู ุชููู
151
00:13:23,900 --> 00:13:28,640
ุงูุฑูุณุจุชูุฑ ุงููู ุทูุน is not specific like auto
152
00:13:28,640 --> 00:13:33,500
reactivity is not specific to auto antigen
153
00:13:35,630 --> 00:13:40,410
ูู ูุจุฏุฃ ุจุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุนูู ุงูุณุฑูุน ููุง ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุทูุน PCR ุนูู
154
00:13:40,410 --> 00:13:44,250
ุณุทุญ ุงูู B-cell which is specific for autoantigen
155
00:13:44,250 --> 00:13:48,970
ุนูู ุทูู ุงูู B-lymphocyte ุจุชุนู
ู editingุ ุดู ูุนููุ
156
00:13:48,970 --> 00:13:52,430
ุจุชุฑูุญ ููู ุนุงุฏุฉ ุชุตููุฉ ุงูุฌููุงุช ุงูู
ุณุคููุฉ ุนู ุงูู
157
00:13:52,430 --> 00:13:57,330
variable gene variable segment ุชุจุนุช ุงูู light
158
00:13:57,330 --> 00:13:57,550
chain
159
00:14:00,860 --> 00:14:05,420
ูุฐุง ุชุฌูุฒ ุชุตููุชูุง ูุชุนู
ู ุชุตููุชูุง ุงูุฌุฏูุฏุฉ ุนูู ุณุจูู
160
00:14:05,420 --> 00:14:11,200
ุงูู
ุซุงู ุชุฎุชุงุฑ ุฃู ููุน ุชุงูู V1 V5 V1 V5 V1 V1 V1 V1
161
00:14:11,200 --> 00:14:12,120
V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1
162
00:14:12,120 --> 00:14:14,100
V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1
163
00:14:14,100 --> 00:14:14,160
V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1
164
00:14:14,160 --> 00:14:15,400
V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1 V1
165
00:14:28,230 --> 00:14:33,150
ุจุงูุนูุณ ู
ู ุงูู Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ
166
00:14:33,150 --> 00:14:37,430
Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ
167
00:14:37,430 --> 00:14:38,290
Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ
168
00:14:38,290 --> 00:14:42,330
ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ
169
00:14:42,330 --> 00:14:42,430
Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ
170
00:14:42,430 --> 00:14:42,690
ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ
171
00:14:42,690 --> 00:14:47,910
Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ
172
00:14:47,910 --> 00:14:52,750
ูููุงุณ Vฮฑ ูููุงุณ
173
00:14:58,760 --> 00:15:01,620
ููู
ู
ุง ุชุชุนุฑุถ ูู Negative Selection Negative
174
00:15:01,620 --> 00:15:05,200
Selection ุทุจุนูุง ุงูุงุญุชู
ุงู ูู ูุฐู ุงูุญุงูุฉ ุฃูู ูุตูุฑ
175
00:15:05,200 --> 00:15:08,840
Apoptosis ููู ุฃูุถูุง ุงูุงุญุชู
ุงู ุฃูู ูุตูุฑ Receptor
176
00:15:08,840 --> 00:15:13,460
Editing Deletion
177
00:15:13,460 --> 00:15:18,060
Autoreactive B-cell and T-cell are eliminated
178
00:15:18,060 --> 00:15:24,920
Apoptosis is the basic mechanism ูุจุตูุฑ
179
00:15:26,990 --> 00:15:32,350
ูู ุงูู negative selection ูุทุจุนูุง ูุฐุง ุงูููุงู
ุจูุตูุฑ
180
00:15:32,350 --> 00:15:35,530
ูู ุงูู primary lymphoid organs ูู ุงูู thymus ููู T
181
00:15:35,530 --> 00:15:40,810
lymphocyte ู ุงูู bone marrow ููู B lymphocyte ูู ุงูู
182
00:15:40,810 --> 00:15:45,950
thymus ุงูู double positive T lymphocyte ุงููู ุจุชุซุจุช
183
00:15:45,950 --> 00:15:52,330
ุจู high affinity with antigen plus MHC molecule in
184
00:15:52,330 --> 00:15:59,470
the thymus have been undergone Rapid Deletion ูุทุจุนูุง
185
00:15:59,470 --> 00:16:03,450
ู
ุง ูุญุตู ูู ุงูู T-Lymphocyte ูุญุตู ููู B-Lymphocytes
186
00:16:03,450 --> 00:16:07,270
ููู ุจูุญุตู ูู ุงูู Bone marrow ุงูู B-Lymphocyte ูู
187
00:16:07,270 --> 00:16:10,310
ุงูู Bone marrow ู T-Lymphocyte ูู ุงูู Thymus
188
00:16:10,310 --> 00:16:18,950
Criminal Ignorance ุงูุชูุฌู ุฏุฎู ููู ู
ุงููู ุงุณุชุฌุงุจุฉ ููุฐุง
189
00:16:18,950 --> 00:16:25,430
ุงูุงูุชูุฌู ุดู ุงูุฏุนูุฉุ ูุงููุง ูุงููู ุงูุงูุชูุฌู ุจูููู ุฅู
ุง
190
00:16:25,430 --> 00:16:34,510
ูููู ุฃู ุฅู
ุง ุงูุฎููุฉ ุนูู ุณุทุญ ุงูู Receptor ูุฏููุง ุฃููููุชู
191
00:16:34,510 --> 00:16:39,490
ุนุงููุฉ ูู Antigen ูุฐูู ูุง ูุญุฏุซ ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ูุนูู ุงูู
192
00:16:39,490 --> 00:16:46,910
Antigen ู ุงูุฎููุฉ ุงููุงุนูุฉ ูููููุง ู
ูุฌูุฏูู ููุฐุง ุจุดูู
193
00:16:46,910 --> 00:16:52,330
ุฎุทุฑ ูุจูุฑ ูู ุงูุฌุณู
ูู ุฃู ูุญุธุฉ ู
ู
ูู ุชุชูุดุท ูุฐู ุงูุฎููุฉ
194
00:16:52,330 --> 00:17:00,740
ูุชุนู
ู autoimmune disease ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุฌูุฏูุง ุฎุทุฑ ูุฌูุฏูุง
195
00:17:00,740 --> 00:17:08,920
ุฎุทุฑ ู .. if the B cell with low affinity for self
196
00:17:08,920 --> 00:17:14,080
antigen undergone undergoes somatic mutation ู ุจุฏุช ู
197
00:17:14,080 --> 00:17:17,200
ุงุชุญููุช ูู high affinity ุงููู ูู affinity ุชุจุนุชูุง
198
00:17:17,200 --> 00:17:21,020
ุตุงุฑุช high affinity to self antigen ู
ู
ูู ุชุชู
ุดุฑ
199
00:17:21,020 --> 00:17:30,220
ุจุณูููุฉ ูููุณ ุงูููุงู
ููุทุจู ุนูู ุงููT-lymphocyte which
200
00:17:30,220 --> 00:17:33,460
can also be activated if the concentration of self
201
00:17:33,460 --> 00:17:39,580
-peptide is increased ูุฌุงูุง ูุฌูุฏ ุงููantigen ุงูู
ูู
ู
202
00:17:39,580 --> 00:17:45,540
ุงููู ignored antigen ููููุง ู
ูู
ู ูุฃูู either it has
203
00:17:45,540 --> 00:17:52,060
low concentration orุงูุฑูุณุจุชูุฑ ุนูู ุงูุณูุณูุฉ ุงูู
ุดุบููุฉ
204
00:17:52,060 --> 00:17:56,040
ูุฏููุง ุฃููููุชู ูุตูุฑุฉ ูุชุนุงู
ู ู
ุน ุฐูู ุงูุงูุชูุฌู ูุจุงูุชุงูู
205
00:17:56,040 --> 00:18:00,340
ุจูุญุตู ููู ุงูุชูุงุด ููุฐุง ุงูุงูุชูุฌู ููู ูููุง ูู ุฃู ูุญุธุฉ
206
00:18:00,340 --> 00:18:04,120
ู
ู ุงููุญุธุงุช ู
ู
ูู ูุฒูุฏ ุงูู concentration of ุงูุชูุฌู ู
207
00:18:04,120 --> 00:18:08,680
ุฅู
ุง ูุฒูุฏ ุงูู affinity of ุงูุฑูุณุจุชูุฑ ููุญุตู ุนูู ุฃูุชู
208
00:18:08,680 --> 00:18:09,200
ุฅูู
ููู
209
00:18:11,730 --> 00:18:14,730
ุงูู Peripheral Tolerance ุทุจุนูุง ุงูููุงู
ุงููู ูููุงู
210
00:18:14,730 --> 00:18:17,370
ูุฐุง ุทูู ููุง ุจูุญูู ุนูู ุงูู Central Tolerance ููู
211
00:18:17,370 --> 00:18:21,090
ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุงูู primary lymphoid organs ููู ูู ุงูู bone
212
00:18:21,090 --> 00:18:24,130
marrow and thymus ุจุงููุณุจุฉ ููู B ูT ุงููููููุณุงูุช
213
00:18:24,130 --> 00:18:26,770
ูููุง ุงูู Peripheral Tolerance ุจูุตูุฑ in the
214
00:18:26,770 --> 00:18:33,650
periphery ุฎูุงูุง ูุฑุจุช ู
ู ุงูู primary lymphoid organs
215
00:18:33,650 --> 00:18:38,970
as autoreactive cell ู
ุงุดู ููุฒูุช ุนูู ุงูู periphery
216
00:18:38,970 --> 00:18:43,530
ููู ูู ุงูู periphery This will undergo somatic
217
00:18:43,530 --> 00:18:47,850
mutation in the periphery ูู
ุฑูุงุช ุงูู mutation ุจุชุคุฏู
218
00:18:47,850 --> 00:18:53,950
ุฅูู auto reactive specificity ูุดู ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑุ
219
00:18:53,950 --> 00:18:58,690
ุจูุตูุฑูุง peripheral tolerance ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุงูู
220
00:18:58,690 --> 00:19:03,810
peripheral tolerance ุจุดูู ูุนูู ุดุจูุฉ
221
00:19:10,390 --> 00:19:15,630
ุงููู ุดุฑุฏุช ู
ู ุงูุจุฑููุฑุงู
222
00:19:15,630 --> 00:19:22,430
ุงููู
ูุงููุฉ ุงูุฃููู ุนูู ุงูุจุฑููุฑู ุนุงุดุฑ ู
ููุงููุฒู
ุงุช ุงููู
223
00:19:22,430 --> 00:19:27,490
ุจุชุนู
ู ุงูุจุฑููุฑ ุชุฌูุณ ุฌุงูู ุฅู
ุง ุงูุฑุฌู ูุฅู
ุง deletion
224
00:19:27,490 --> 00:19:32,800
ูุฅู
ุง activation induced cell death ู Induction of
225
00:19:32,800 --> 00:19:37,940
Regulatory T Cell ู T
226
00:19:37,940 --> 00:19:43,500
Cell Energy ุจูุนุชุจุฑ ูู ุงูู Major Mechanism for
227
00:19:43,500 --> 00:19:49,240
Induction of Unresponsiveness States ููู Self
228
00:19:49,240 --> 00:19:51,680
Antigen ูู ุงูุจุฑูููุฑู
229
00:19:54,500 --> 00:19:58,640
ููุทุฉ ุซุงููุฉ ูู
ุงู ุฎูุงูุง ุฌุงูุฉ ู
ู ุงูุจููุฑูุงุณ ุงุณู
ุงูู
230
00:19:58,640 --> 00:20:02,540
kidney ู
ู ุงูู liver ู ุจุนุถ ุงูุฃุนุถุงุก ุงูุฃุฎุฑู do not
231
00:20:02,540 --> 00:20:06,640
express co-stimulatory ู
ููููููู ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุงูู
232
00:20:06,640 --> 00:20:11,640
ุงูุชูุฌู presented by these cell are likely induce
233
00:20:11,640 --> 00:20:16,460
anergy ู
ุฏู ู
ุงููุด second signal ุงููู ูู ุงูู co
234
00:20:16,460 --> 00:20:22,800
-stimulatory signal ุจูุฏู ุจุฑุถู ููู anergy T-cells
235
00:20:22,800 --> 00:20:28,360
encountered antigen in the periphery ููู ูุนูู ู
ุณูุช
236
00:20:28,360 --> 00:20:33,680
ุจุงูุงูุชูุฌู ูู ุงูุจุฑููุฑู ููู ู
ุงููุด T-cell ุงุชุฒูุฏูุง ุจุงูู
237
00:20:33,680 --> 00:20:38,960
second signal ุฃูุถูุง will undergo anergy deletion
238
00:20:38,960 --> 00:20:45,680
also occur in the periphery ุทุจุนูุง ุงูู deletion ุจุชุชู
239
00:20:45,680 --> 00:20:51,060
ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงูู Fas Fas ligand interaction ูุงูู Fas ู
ุฏููุฉ
240
00:20:51,060 --> 00:20:56,520
ุฃุจูุจุชูุณูุฏ ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงููู ูู ุงูู ligation of Fas
241
00:20:56,520 --> 00:21:00,540
ligand ุจุนุฏ .. ุทุจุนูุง ู
ุตูุฑ ููู removal of the mature
242
00:21:00,540 --> 00:21:04,300
autoreactive B-lymphocytes ุจุนุฏ ุงูุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุจูู ุงูู Fas
243
00:21:04,300 --> 00:21:07,740
ู ุงูู Fas ligand ุงูู Fas ุจุญุฏ ุฐุงุชู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู monomer
244
00:21:07,740 --> 00:21:12,360
expressed
245
00:21:12,360 --> 00:21:18,540
by activated lymphocytes ููู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู ุนุถู ูู ุงูู human
246
00:21:18,540 --> 00:21:24,300
TNF factor family receptor ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุงูู Fas ุจุงูู Fas
247
00:21:24,300 --> 00:21:29,460
ligand ุจูููู
248
00:21:29,460 --> 00:21:36,840
ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุงุณู
ูุง apoptotic signal ููุฎููุฉ ุงููู ุนูู ุณุทุญ
249
00:21:36,840 --> 00:21:42,770
ุงูู Fas ูุทุจุนูุง Fas ligand ูุชู
ุฅุฏุฑุงูู ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
250
00:21:42,770 --> 00:21:43,990
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู
251
00:21:43,990 --> 00:21:46,230
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
252
00:21:46,230 --> 00:21:48,310
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
253
00:21:48,310 --> 00:21:50,670
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
254
00:21:50,670 --> 00:21:51,870
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
255
00:21:51,870 --> 00:21:52,210
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
256
00:21:52,210 --> 00:22:02,270
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
257
00:22:02,270 --> 00:22:04,790
ุจุดูู ุนุงู
258
00:22:09,280 --> 00:22:15,660
ูู ุงูู Fas ุญูุซ ุงูุชุดุฑุช ุจู Death Domain of several
259
00:22:15,660 --> 00:22:21,500
cytosolic adaptor proteins ุฃุดูุฑูุง ูู ุงูู Fas ุงููู
260
00:22:21,500 --> 00:22:27,580
ูู ุงูู Fas Associated Death Domain ูุทุจุนุง ู
ุชู ู
ุง
261
00:22:27,580 --> 00:22:33,200
ุตุงุฑ ุงูุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุจูุตูุฑ ููู ุชูููู ูู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ู
ู ุงูู
262
00:22:33,200 --> 00:22:38,710
cysteine ุจุฑูุชููุฒ ุจูุณู
ููุง Caspases Enzyme ููุฐุง ุจุชุคุฏู
263
00:22:38,710 --> 00:22:46,870
ุฅูู apoptosis of cell ุงููุงุณ ุงููู ู
ุง ุนูุฏูู
ุด ุทุจุนุง
264
00:22:46,870 --> 00:22:51,350
Fas ู
ู
ูู ูุตูุฑ ุนูุฏูู
auto immune proliferative
265
00:22:51,350 --> 00:22:55,090
syndrome ูุงููุงุฒ Fas ligand
266
00:22:57,910 --> 00:23:03,430
ุงูุชู ุชุฎูุตูุง ู
ู ุงูู T-Lymphocytes ูู ุงูู periphery. It
267
00:23:03,430 --> 00:23:07,190
also may be involved in mediating negative
268
00:23:07,190 --> 00:23:10,450
selection ูู ุงูู Thymus. ูู
ุงู ููุณ ุงูุญูุงูุฉ ู
ู
ูู
269
00:23:10,450 --> 00:23:13,710
ุชุตูุฑุ ููุณ ุงูู
ููุงููุฒู
ูุฐุง ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุงูู periphery
270
00:23:13,710 --> 00:23:19,600
ู
ู
ูู ุชุตูุฑ ูู ุงูู Thymus. Energized B-Lymphocytes ูู
271
00:23:19,600 --> 00:23:23,760
ู
ุณุชุญููุฉ ุฃูุถูุง ูู Fas-mediated apoptosis ูุนูู
272
00:23:23,760 --> 00:23:27,000
ุงูู
ููุงููุฒู
ูุฐุง ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุงูู T-Lymphocyte ู
ู
ูู
273
00:23:27,000 --> 00:23:32,580
ูุตูุฑ ูู ุงูู B-Lymphocyte ููุฐุง
274
00:23:32,580 --> 00:23:38,140
ูู ุงูู
ููุงููุฒู
ุดุงูููู ุงูู Fas ุงููู ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู CD
275
00:23:38,140 --> 00:23:41,220
95
276
00:23:41,220 --> 00:23:50,190
It has death domain ููู
ู
ุง ูุฑุชุจุท ุงูู Fas-ligand ูุฐุง
277
00:23:50,190 --> 00:23:59,670
ูู ุงูู Fas ุงููู ูุงู ุจุงูู FAD ุดู ุจูุตูุฑ ูุงููุง ุงูู Fas ุงูู
278
00:23:59,670 --> 00:24:05,190
domain will be activated ูุทุจุนุง ูู ุงูู primary
279
00:24:05,190 --> 00:24:10,870
caspases will be activated ู ุจูููู caspase-8 ุงููู ุจูุดุท
280
00:24:10,870 --> 00:24:17,210
caspase-3 ู ุงู caspase-3 ุจุนู
ู DNA fragmentation
281
00:24:17,210 --> 00:24:22,580
ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุชุฎูููุง ุจุณูุญุฉ apoptosis ุจุชุนู
ู ุนู
ููุฉ ุชูุดูุท
282
00:24:22,580 --> 00:24:27,860
Caspase enzyme ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุงูู Fas ุจุงูู Fas ligand ุฃู
283
00:24:27,860 --> 00:24:32,440
ุจุงูู FAD ุงููู ู
ุงุณู ุจุงูู Fas ligand ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุจูุชููู
284
00:24:32,440 --> 00:24:38,000
Caspase 8 ุงููู ุจูุดุท Caspase 3 ุฃู
ุฑ ุนู ุณูุณูุฉ ู
ู ุงู
285
00:24:38,000 --> 00:24:42,760
Caspases ุงููู ุจูุนู
ู ุงูู DNA Fragmentation of Cell
286
00:24:42,760 --> 00:24:48,720
ุฎููููุง ุจุงุณู
Apoptotic Cell
287
00:24:52,370 --> 00:24:55,370
regulatory or suppressor T cell ูุจุฏุฃ ุดูููุง ุงู
288
00:24:55,370 --> 00:24:59,790
deletion ุดูููุง ุงูู receptor editing ู ุดูููุง ุงูู
289
00:24:59,790 --> 00:25:05,110
energy ูู
ุงู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุญุงู ุชูููู ูู regulatory T
290
00:25:05,110 --> 00:25:09,810
lymphocytes ุจุณู
ููุง suppressor T cell ููู ุทุจุนุง ูุฐู
291
00:25:09,810 --> 00:25:15,230
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู CD4 T cell ุงููู ุจุชุนู
ู ุนูุฏูุง ุงููุฏุฑุฉ to
292
00:25:15,230 --> 00:25:22,680
down regulate T cell functionุจุณู
ููุง ุชู ุฑูุฌ ุชู ุฑูุฌ
293
00:25:22,680 --> 00:25:28,250
express CD 25 ููู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู IL-2 receptor Alpha
294
00:25:28,250 --> 00:25:36,690
Chain CD4-CD25 T regulatory Cell ุจุชุดูู ุญูุงูู 10% ู
ู
295
00:25:36,690 --> 00:25:44,010
ุงูู CD4 Positive Cell ุงูู
ูุณ ุงููู ู
ุง ุนูุฏู CD4
296
00:25:44,010 --> 00:25:48,230
Positive CD25 Positive T regulatory Cell ุจูุนู
ู
297
00:25:48,230 --> 00:25:51,570
Autoimmune Disease ุฒู Thyroiditis, Gastritis,
298
00:25:51,710 --> 00:25:58,010
Insulitis, Angiomarynephritis ู T suppressor cell
299
00:25:58,010 --> 00:26:04,130
suppress graft versus host disease induced by CD4
300
00:26:04,130 --> 00:26:10,990
positive CD25 negative T lymphocytes ูู ุฃูุถุง T
301
00:26:10,990 --> 00:26:15,370
suppressor cell ุงููู ุจุชุนู
ู ุชุซุจูุช ูู graft versus
302
00:26:15,370 --> 00:26:23,910
host disease rejection CD4 positive 25 positive T
303
00:26:23,910 --> 00:26:29,480
suppressor cell ูุงููุง ุฅู
ุง Produce
304
00:26:29,480 --> 00:26:37,760
either low or very low level of IL-2 ููู ู
ุนุธู
ูู
305
00:26:37,760 --> 00:26:41,360
Produce
306
00:26:41,360 --> 00:26:44,280
immunosuppressive drug ุงููู ูู Transforming Growth
307
00:26:44,280 --> 00:26:45,000
Factor Beta
308
00:26:51,850 --> 00:26:56,490
ูุนูู ูู ู
ุง ุจุชููู IL-2 Receptor ููุฐุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู T
309
00:26:56,490 --> 00:27:01,070
cell activator ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุฃู ุจุชูููู ุจูู
ูุฉ ููููุฉ ุฌุฏุง
310
00:27:01,070 --> 00:27:05,470
ููู ุงูู cytokine ุงูุฃุณุงุณู ุงููู ุจูุชููู ูู transforming
311
00:27:05,470 --> 00:27:10,050
growth factor ุจูุชุง ููุฐุง inhibitory cytokine ู
ู
312
00:27:10,050 --> 00:27:14,640
ุงูุญุงุฌุงุช ุงูู
ูู
ุฉ ูู
ุงู ุฅูู They also express chemokine
313
00:27:14,640 --> 00:27:24,480
receptor 4 ู ุฏูููู
ู
ู ูุคุฏูุง ุฅูู ููู
ูุชุงูุชู cytokine
314
00:27:24,480 --> 00:27:29,700
ุฃู chemokine ุจูุคุฏูุง ุฅูู ุงูู migration of cells to
315
00:27:29,700 --> 00:27:35,460
inflamed organ ุฃู ุจูุฑูุญูุง ุนูู ุงูู lymph nodes ุณุงุญุฉ
316
00:27:35,460 --> 00:27:40,640
ุงูู
ุนุฑูุฉ ููู ุจูุนู
ููุง ุงูู suppressionุ ูุงููุง they
317
00:27:40,640 --> 00:27:45,930
induce suppression ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงูู cell to cell contact
318
00:27:45,930 --> 00:27:50,510
ูุงุฒู
ูู ูุญุตู ููู cell to cell contact ูู
ุชู ู
ุง ุตุงุฑ
319
00:27:50,510 --> 00:27:53,210
ููู contact ูู inhibit ุงูู proliferation and
320
00:27:53,210 --> 00:27:58,630
activation ูุฅู
ุง CD4 ุฃู CD8 cell ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูู
ูุนู
321
00:27:58,630 --> 00:28:04,870
ุงููู ูู ุงูู transcription of IL-2 ูู ูุฐู ุงูุฎูุงูุง
322
00:28:04,870 --> 00:28:10,960
ูู
ุชู ู
ุง ุตุงุฑ ู
ุงููุด IL-2 ู
ุงููุด activation ูู ููุนูู
323
00:28:10,960 --> 00:28:18,200
ุชู
ูู ู
ู ุงูู CD4 T-lymphocyte that have suppressive
324
00:28:18,200 --> 00:28:23,480
activity have been identified ูุงุญุฏุฉ ุจูุณู
ููุง TR1
325
00:28:23,480 --> 00:28:28,500
ู ุงูุซุงููุฉ ุจูุณู
ููุง T-Helper 3 ูุฃู TR1 ุจุชุทูุน
326
00:28:28,500 --> 00:28:32,860
inhibitory cytokine ุฒู IL-10, transforming growth
327
00:28:32,860 --> 00:28:42,930
factor beta ู it has no ุฃู ูููู ู
ู ุงูู IL-2 ู IL-4
328
00:28:42,930 --> 00:28:46,710
ู ุงูู Cytokine ูุนูู ุงููู ุจุชูุชุฌู ูู
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู
329
00:28:46,710 --> 00:28:51,910
Inhibitory Cytokine ุจูููููุง
330
00:28:51,910 --> 00:28:59,950
ุฅููู ุงุชูุถู ุฅูู ุงูู B7-1 ู B7-2 ุนูู ุณุทุญ ุงูู Antigen
331
00:28:59,950 --> 00:29:05,630
presenting cell ู
ุน ุงูู CTLA-4 ุงููู ูู ุฑูุณุจุชูุฑ ุนูู
332
00:29:05,630 --> 00:29:14,020
ุงูู Treg ุจูุคุฏู ุฅูู Costimulatory Signal ููููุง
333
00:29:14,020 --> 00:29:18,240
Inhibitory Signal ู
ุด Stimulatory Signal ูุจุงูุชุงูู
334
00:29:18,240 --> 00:29:21,280
ุจูุตูุฑ ููู Suppressive ููู
ุจููู
ู
ุง ุงูู
335
00:29:21,280 --> 00:29:25,680
Costimulation ูุตูุฑ ุจุณ ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงูุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุจู CTLA4
336
00:29:25,680 --> 00:29:30,500
ุจุฏู CD28 ุจูุตูุฑ ููู ุฅูุด Inhibitory Signal ูุจุงูุชุงูู
337
00:29:30,500 --> 00:29:35,300
ุจูุตูุฑ ููู Suppressive ูู ุงูุฎูุงูุง ู
ููุงููุฒู
ุชุงูู ุฃูุถุง
338
00:29:35,300 --> 00:29:39,200
ุจูุนู
ู Suppression ููู ุงูู Lymphocyte Activation
339
00:29:39,200 --> 00:29:45,780
Gene 3 ุงููู ูู Lag-3 ููู
ู
ุง ูุฑุชุจุท Lag-3 ุจุงูู
340
00:29:45,780 --> 00:29:50,860
MHC Class II Molecule ุงููู ู
ุงุณู ุงูู Antigen ุจูุตูุฑ ููู
341
00:29:50,860 --> 00:29:58,200
activation ูู Treg ูุจุงูุชุงูู Inhibition of T cell
342
00:29:58,200 --> 00:30:03,620
activation IL-10, Transforming Growth Factor Beta
343
00:30:03,620 --> 00:30:07,520
ู
ุทููุจูู for activation of Treg suppression
344
00:30:07,520 --> 00:30:14,530
T Helper 3 ุฃูุถุง ูุฌุฏููุง ููู ูุฌุฏููุง ุดุบููุง ุงูุฃุณุงุณู ูู
345
00:30:14,530 --> 00:30:18,490
ุงูู Oral Tolerance ููุฌุฏูุง ุฃููุง ุจุชูุชุฌ
346
00:30:18,490 --> 00:30:20,790
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ูุนูู
347
00:30:20,790 --> 00:30:26,130
ุชู
ูุน ุงูู Cytokine ูู
ู ุฎูุงู ูุฐุง ุงูู Cytokine ุจูุตูุฑ
348
00:30:26,130 --> 00:30:33,030
ููู Inhibition ููุฐุง ุงูู
ููุงููุฒู
of over suppression ูู
349
00:30:33,030 --> 00:30:40,220
Treg ููู ุงุดุชุบูุช Treg ููู CD24 ู CD25 ูุฐุง ูู
350
00:30:40,220 --> 00:30:43,580
ุงูุงุฑุชุจุงุท
351
00:30:43,580 --> 00:30:48,720
ุงูุฃูู MHC ู
ุน
352
00:30:48,720 --> 00:30:53,100
TCR MHC ุฏู ุฌุงู ู
ู Antigen Presenting Cell ู
ุงุณูุฉ
353
00:30:53,100 --> 00:30:58,430
Antigen ูุฏู
ุชู ููุง ุงูู T-cell ุงููู ูู Treg ุฃุชุช
354
00:30:58,430 --> 00:31:04,010
ุชุฑุชุจุท ุชุนู
ู costimulation ุจุณ ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงููุ CD
355
00:31:04,010 --> 00:31:09,830
ุงูุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุงููู ูู CD28 ุงููู ูู
ุจู ุณุจู ู
ุน CTLA4
356
00:31:09,830 --> 00:31:15,390
ู ูููุง ูุฐุง ุจูุนู
ู inhibitory signal ูุจุงูุชุงูู there
357
00:31:15,390 --> 00:31:21,290
is no IL-2 cytokine production ูุจุงูุชุงูู ู
ุงููุด
358
00:31:21,290 --> 00:31:26,070
activation ุฃู ุดู ุจูุนู
ู ูุฏูุก ุทุจุนุง ูุฏูุก ุตุงุฑ ูู ุงูุชุฆุงุจ
359
00:31:26,070 --> 00:31:34,630
ุฅูู ุจูุดูู ููุฎููุฉ ุฃู ุฅูู Lag-3 gene lymphocyte
360
00:31:34,630 --> 00:31:39,370
activating gene ุฑูู
ุชูุงุชุฉ ุจูุฑูุญ ู
ุฑุชุจุท ุจุงูู MHC
361
00:31:39,370 --> 00:31:42,670
Molecule ูุฅุฐุง ุตุงุฑ ููู ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุจุงูู MHC Molecule ุจุฑุถู
362
00:31:42,670 --> 00:31:46,690
ููุณ ุงูุญูุงูุฉ ุจูุตูุฑ ููู ุงููู ูู Treg activation
363
00:31:46,690 --> 00:31:51,200
ู ูุชู
ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู Treg activation ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุฅูุฑุงุฒ
364
00:31:51,200 --> 00:31:53,420
Inhibitory cytokine ุงููู ูู IL-10
365
00:31:53,420 --> 00:32:00,380
ู Transforming Growth Factor Beta Oral Tolerance ูุงู ุงูู
366
00:32:00,380 --> 00:32:03,260
Oral Tolerance ูุนูู ุงูุฃูู ุงููู ุจูุงููู ู
ููุฆ
367
00:32:03,260 --> 00:32:06,500
ุจุงูุฃูุชูุฌููุงุช ููุด ู
ุง ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุฅูุด Immune
368
00:32:06,500 --> 00:32:10,860
responseุ ููุฐุง ูุญุฏุซ ูู ุงูู Tolerance ู ุจูุณู
ูู ุงูู
369
00:32:10,860 --> 00:32:15,400
Tolerance ูุฐุง Oral Tolerance ู
ุงุดู and it's defined
370
00:32:15,400 --> 00:32:18,600
as the lack of humoral or cell-mediated immune
371
00:32:18,600 --> 00:32:25,180
responses ูู
ูู to the ingested food antigen ุฏู ูุฌุจ
372
00:32:25,180 --> 00:32:30,180
ูููู ุจูุฐุง ุงูุนู
ู ูุชุฎููู T cell and the mechanism
373
00:32:30,180 --> 00:32:34,520
for maintaining it ุจูุนุชู
ุฏ ุนูู ุงูู ingested antigen
374
00:32:38,170 --> 00:32:42,230
ูุงููุง ุฅูู ุงูู ingested antigen ุฅู
ุง ุจูููู Luminal ุฃู
375
00:32:42,230 --> 00:32:46,070
Mucosalุ ุงูู Luminal Antigen ุจูุดุท T Helper 3ุ
376
00:32:46,070 --> 00:32:52,650
suppressor T cellุ ุจููู
ุง ุงููุงูุฏูุฒ ุงูุชุฌู induce T
377
00:32:52,650 --> 00:32:54,250
cell anergy or deletion
378
00:32:57,230 --> 00:33:05,570
ุงูุชููููุงุช ุงูุงุฌุชู
ุงุนูุฉ ุงูุถุง ูู ุงููุง ุงูุดุฆุช ุนูุฏู
ุง
379
00:33:05,570 --> 00:33:10,950
ูุตู ุงูุงูุชุฌู ููู gut
380
00:33:10,950 --> 00:33:13,990
-associated lymphoid tissue ุจูุตูุฑ ููู oral
381
00:33:13,990 --> 00:33:19,410
tolerance ุฏู ุจุชุชูุณู ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ุงูุงูุชุฌูู ุจุชุนู
ูู
382
00:33:19,410 --> 00:33:28,050
processing ู ุจุชูุฏู
ู ูู T cell ุฒู ู
ุง ููููุง T cell
383
00:33:28,050 --> 00:33:32,610
ุงู
ุง ุจุชูุฑุณ T ุงูุจุฑุชูุงุชุฉ ุงู ุงู
ุง ุจูุณููุง deletion ุงู
384
00:33:32,610 --> 00:33:35,250
ุฃุจูุจุชูุณุณ
385
00:33:36,510 --> 00:33:40,810
ู
ููุงููุฒู
ุขุฎุฑ ููู
ูููู ููู large dose ููุงูุชุฌูู ูููู
386
00:33:40,810 --> 00:33:46,450
ุงู ุจุนุถ ุงูุงูุชุฌูู ุงูู
ุดุฑูุน ุงูุชุฌุช
387
00:33:46,450 --> 00:33:47,150
388
00:33:47,150 --> 00:33:47,790
389
00:33:47,790 --> 00:33:49,230
390
00:33:49,230 --> 00:33:53,050
391
00:33:53,050 --> 00:33:53,110
392
00:33:53,110 --> 00:34:03,090
ุงู
393
00:34:04,470 --> 00:34:09,630
is induced locally ูู ุงูู
ุทุฑุญ ุดู ุจูุตูุฑุ ูุชูููู ุงูู
394
00:34:09,630 --> 00:34:14,270
gut cytokine ููู ูู ุงูู gut associated lymphoid
395
00:34:14,270 --> 00:34:18,130
tissue ู ุจุชููู ุขูุฉ ุงูุฃุฑุจุนุฉุ ุขูุฉ ุงูุชู ุฃู a
396
00:34:18,130 --> 00:34:23,210
transforming growth factor ู
ูุชุง ููุฐุง ุจุนู
ู
397
00:34:23,210 --> 00:34:26,230
differentiation
398
00:34:26,230 --> 00:34:30,830
to teleport two ู ุชูููุฑ ุชูุงุชุฉ ููู ุจุนู
ู ุงูููุจุด ุฅูู
399
00:34:30,830 --> 00:34:34,520
teleport one ุงูุชู ุงูุจุฑุชูุงุชุฉ ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุจุฏูุช
400
00:34:34,520 --> 00:34:37,220
suppression ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุชูููู Transforming Growth
401
00:34:37,220 --> 00:34:41,620
Factor Beta ู Triggering T ุงูุจุฑุชูุงุชุฉ is antigen
402
00:34:41,620 --> 00:34:45,560
specific ุจุณ their suppression is antigen non
403
00:34:45,560 --> 00:34:54,020
specific ูู
ุง ุฃุตูุฑ suppression ุจุตูุฑ ูููุด ูููู ุงู
404
00:34:54,020 --> 00:34:59,420
Immune Privilege ูุงููุง ูู ุจุนุถ ุงูู
ูุงุทู ูู ุงูุฌุณู
not
405
00:34:59,420 --> 00:35:04,560
developed immune response ุงู
ุง ูู pathogen ุงู tumour
406
00:35:04,560 --> 00:35:10,020
cell ุงู ุญุชู ูุชุดูู ุชุฑุงูุณุจูุงูุช
407
00:35:10,020 --> 00:35:11,040
408
00:35:11,040 --> 00:35:15,460
409
00:35:15,460 --> 00:35:17,960
410
00:35:17,960 --> 00:35:24,980
411
00:35:24,980 --> 00:35:28,380
412
00:35:28,380 --> 00:35:37,770
ุชู
ุงุดู in the eye ู
ุงุจุนู
ููุด matching
413
00:35:37,770 --> 00:35:43,850
tissue matching ู
ุด ู
ุจููุถ ู
ุงุดู ุงู ุญุชู ู
ุงุจุนุชู
414
00:35:43,850 --> 00:35:50,130
immunosuppressive therapy immunosuppressive
415
00:35:50,130 --> 00:35:54,880
cytokine ูุงูู Expression of Fas ligand ุจููุนุจูุง ุฏูุฑ
416
00:35:54,880 --> 00:36:03,080
ูุจูุฑ ูู ุงู establishing ุงู immune privileged sites
417
00:36:03,080 --> 00:36:09,640
ุงู reaction of Fas ligand ู
ุน ุงููุงุณ ุนูู ุณุทุญ ุงูุงูุชูุณู
418
00:36:09,640 --> 00:36:14,800
ุจูุคุฏู ุงูุงุจูุจุชูุณูุช ููุง ุงู retinal pigment
419
00:36:14,800 --> 00:36:19,560
epithelial cell and corneal epithelial cell ุงูุถุง
420
00:36:19,560 --> 00:36:24,380
ู
ุง ุจูุนู
ููุง expression ูู have been observed to
421
00:36:24,380 --> 00:36:28,600
express Fas ligand and to induce apoptosis of
422
00:36:28,600 --> 00:36:33,120
inflammatory T cell, ุฃูุถูุง they express Fas ligand
423
00:36:33,120 --> 00:36:41,260
.ูุจููู ุจูููู ุฃู ููุง ุงูู
ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฃุฑุฌู ุฃู ุชููููุง ูุฏ
424
00:36:41,260 --> 00:36:43,480
ุงุณุชูุฏุชู
ู
ููุง
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