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1
00:00:20,250 --> 00:00:23,670
ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงุฐุง ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฑุงุถูŠ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงู† ุดุงุก

2
00:00:23,670 --> 00:00:28,310
ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุจู†ูƒู…ู„ ุงูŠุถุง ููŠ chapter ุงู„ reactions in aqueous

3
00:00:28,310 --> 00:00:32,990
solutions ูุจุฏุฃู†ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุงู„ุญุตุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ ุนู† ุงู„

4
00:00:32,990 --> 00:00:36,310
oxidation numbers ูˆูƒูŠู ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุชุชุจุน chemical

5
00:00:36,310 --> 00:00:40,050
reaction ู‡ู„ ู‡ูˆ oxidation reduction reaction ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃ

6
00:00:40,050 --> 00:00:44,470
ูƒู„ ุนุดุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู† oxidation reduction reaction ูŠุฌุจ ุงู†ู‡

7
00:00:44,470 --> 00:00:49,380
ูŠุญุฏุซ ุชุบูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ oxidation numbersุฃุญุฏ ุฃุทุฑุงู

8
00:00:49,380 --> 00:00:52,600
ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ oxidation number ุชุจุนู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

9
00:00:52,600 --> 00:00:57,460
ูŠุตูŠุฑ oxidized ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ุทุฑู ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ูุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุฌู„ ูˆ

10
00:00:57,460 --> 00:01:01,980
ูŠุตูŠุฑ reduced ูู…ุซู„ุง ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุชุทู„ุนู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ

11
00:01:01,980 --> 00:01:06,780
ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญุตู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ acids ู„ู„ู…ูŠุชู„ ู„ุงู„ู…ูŠุชู„ ู…ุน

12
00:01:06,780 --> 00:01:12,400
ุงู„ acids ูˆ ุฃูŠุถุง ุงู„ู…ูŠุชู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ salts ูู†ุชุทู„ุน ููŠ

13
00:01:12,400 --> 00:01:16,480
ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ูŠุชู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ acids ูู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏ

14
00:01:16,480 --> 00:01:22,500
ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠูˆู…ุจุชูุนู„ ู…ุน ุงุชู†ูŠู† HCl ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ู…ู†

15
00:01:22,500 --> 00:01:28,520
ุงู„ูƒู„ูˆุฑุงูŠุช ูˆุจูŠุชุณุงุนุฏ ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ูˆุฏู‡ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดูŠุก

16
00:01:28,520 --> 00:01:32,500
ู…ุนุฑูˆู ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู†ุง ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ูˆ ุทู„ุนู†ุง ู‡ู„ ู‡ุฐุง

17
00:01:32,500 --> 00:01:39,540
ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุซู„ุง ุงูƒุณุฏุฉ ุงู‡ุชุฒุงู„ ูˆ ู„ุง ุชูุงุนู„ precipitation

18
00:01:39,540 --> 00:01:44,160
ูˆ ู„ุง ุบูŠุฑู‡ ุทุจุนุง ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุบุงุฒ ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุนู†ุฏู‰ ionic

19
00:01:44,160 --> 00:01:47,980
compound ูู‡ูˆ ุงูƒูŠุฏ ู…ุด precipitationู‡ูˆ ู…ูŠุดู†

20
00:01:47,980 --> 00:01:50,380
ู†ูŠูˆุชุฑุงู„ูŠุฒูŠุดู† reaction ูˆ ู„ุง ุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ูŠู‘ู‡ ูู‡ูˆ ู…ูŠุดู†

21
00:01:50,380 --> 00:01:54,320
ู†ูŠูˆุชุฑุงู„ูŠุฒูŠุดู† reaction ุทุจ ู‡ุง ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุฏู‡ ุจุงู„ุธุจุท ู„ูˆ

22
00:01:54,320 --> 00:01:57,200
ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุทู„ุนู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ู…ู† ุงู„ oxidation number ู„ู‡

23
00:01:57,200 --> 00:02:03,260
zero ู„ุฃู†ู‡ element ููŠ its elemental state ุงู„ H ู…ูˆุฌุฉ

24
00:02:03,260 --> 00:02:08,370
ุจูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ Cl ุณุงู„ุจ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ู…ู†ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุง

25
00:02:08,370 --> 00:02:12,410
ู…ูŠูƒุฑูˆุฑุงูŠุช ุงู„ู€Cl ุณุงู„ุจ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุณุงู„ุจ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงุฐุง

26
00:02:12,410 --> 00:02:16,010
ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุงู… ูŠุฌุจ ุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจุงุชู†ูŠู† ู„ุงู† ู…ุฌู…ูˆุน ุงู„

27
00:02:16,010 --> 00:02:18,730
oxidation numbers ููŠ ุงู„ neutral compound ุตูุฑ

28
00:02:18,730 --> 00:02:24,650
ูุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจุงุชู†ูŠู† ุทุจ ุงู„ H2 ุทุจุนุง element ูู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ

29
00:02:24,650 --> 00:02:29,200
ุตูุฑ ูู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุทู„ุน ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุงู… ูƒุงู† ุตูุฑุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‡

30
00:02:29,200 --> 00:02:30,540
ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช

31
00:02:30,540 --> 00:02:32,960
ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช

32
00:02:32,960 --> 00:02:33,920
ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช

33
00:02:33,920 --> 00:02:34,720
ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช

34
00:02:34,720 --> 00:02:34,900
ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช

35
00:02:34,900 --> 00:02:37,880
ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช

36
00:02:37,880 --> 00:02:49,920
ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจ2 ุฅุฐุง

37
00:02:49,920 --> 00:02:55,150
ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ูˆ ุงูŠุถุง ุณุงู„ุจ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ูˆุชุฌ

38
00:02:55,150 --> 00:03:01,650
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุง ุญุตู„ ู„ู‡ุง ุงูƒุณุฏุง ูˆู„ุง ุญุตู„ ู„ู‡ุง ุงุบุชุฒุงู„ ุงุญู†ุง

39
00:03:01,650 --> 00:03:08,890
ุนู…ูˆู…ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ูƒุชู ุจุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ุงุฎุฑ ู†ูƒุชุจู‡ุง ู…ุซู„ุง

40
00:03:08,890 --> 00:03:13,550
magnesium solid ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู† H ุจู„ุณ ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู† C

41
00:03:13,550 --> 00:03:19,610
ุงู„ู…ุงูŠู†ูˆุณ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง magnesium ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู† C ุงู„ู…ุงูŠู†ูˆุณ

42
00:03:19,610 --> 00:03:29,620
ุฒุงุฆุฏ H2ูู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุทู„ุน ู„ู‡ุง ู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุงู† ุงู„ CL ูˆ ุงู„ CL

43
00:03:29,620 --> 00:03:33,740
ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุงู„ spectator ูู‡ุฏ ุงู„ ionic equation ู‡ุฏ

44
00:03:33,740 --> 00:03:36,740
ุงู„ molecular equation ู‡ุฏ ุงู„ ionic equation ุงุฐุง ุงู„

45
00:03:36,740 --> 00:03:41,220
net ionic equation ุงูˆ net equation ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡

46
00:03:41,220 --> 00:03:50,640
ู‡ูŠ ู…ุฌู†ุณูŠุฉ ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู† H plus ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง Mg two plus

47
00:03:50,640 --> 00:03:57,000
ุฒุงุฆุฏH2 ูˆุงุถุญ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุงู„ู†ุง ุงู† ู‡ุงูŠ ุญุตู„ุช ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงูƒุณุฏุง

48
00:03:57,000 --> 00:04:02,520
ูˆู‡ูŠ ุญุตู„ุช ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงูƒุชุฒุงู„ ุงู…ุง ุงู„ู€ C ุงู„ู€ minus ุนู„ู‰

49
00:04:02,520 --> 00:04:11,220
ุงู„ุทุฑููŠู† ูู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Spectator Ions ู†ุจุถู„

50
00:04:11,220 --> 00:04:16,840
ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠุถุง ู…ุซุงู„ ุงุฎุฑ ูู†ู‚ูˆู„

51
00:04:16,840 --> 00:04:22,790
ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ุงุช ู…ุด ุจุณ ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ acids ูˆ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ูŠH2

52
00:04:22,790 --> 00:04:26,710
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ุฌุงุณ ู„ุฃ ู‚ุงู„ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุชูุงุนู„ ุฃูŠุถุง ู…ุน

53
00:04:26,710 --> 00:04:32,070
ุงู„ metal ions ู…ุน ุงู„ salts ุงู„ salts ู„ุฃู… ู„ุงุญู‚ .. ู„ุฃ

54
00:04:32,070 --> 00:04:37,850
metal ions ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ูุจู†ู„ุงุญุธ ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู† ุงู„ iron solid

55
00:04:37,850 --> 00:04:42,770
ุจุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ nickel nitrate ุงู„ nickel nitrate ู‡ุฐุง

56
00:04:42,770 --> 00:04:47,730
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† salt ูุงู„ iron ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ nitrate ูˆุงู„ nickel

57
00:04:47,730 --> 00:04:52,370
ุจุญุตู„ ู„ู‡ ุงู‚ุชุฒุงู„ูˆุงุถุญ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูŠ ุงู†ู‡ุง ุงุชูุงุนู„ ุงูƒุณุฏ ูˆ

58
00:04:52,370 --> 00:04:55,490
ุงุฎุชุฒุงู„ ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู…ุง ุงู†ูŠ ุงุดูˆู ู…ุซู„ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ its

59
00:04:55,490 --> 00:04:58,770
elemental state ูˆ ุงุชุบูŠุฑุช ูุงู„ iron ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุงู„

60
00:04:58,770 --> 00:05:01,870
elemental state ู…ุฑูƒุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ oxidation number ุชุจุนู‡

61
00:05:01,870 --> 00:05:04,810
ุงุชุบูŠุฑ ูู‡ุฐุง ุงูƒุณุฏ ูˆ ุงุฎุชุฒุงู„ ูˆ ุงูŠุถุง ุงู„ nickel ูƒุงู†

62
00:05:04,810 --> 00:05:08,710
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† nickel ion ุตุงุฑ nickel a solid ูŠู…ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง

63
00:05:08,710 --> 00:05:11,970
ุงูƒุณุฏ ูˆ ุงุฎุชุฒุงู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุจุบุถุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุง ุงุญุณุจ ุญุชู‰

64
00:05:11,970 --> 00:05:15,890
ุงู„ oxidation numbers ู„ูƒู† ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ูŠ ุทุจุนุง ุงู†ูŠ ุงุญุณุจ ุงู„

65
00:05:15,890 --> 00:05:22,770
oxidation numbersูุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ iron ูƒุงู† ุตูุฑ ุตุงุฑ ุงู„ iron

66
00:05:22,770 --> 00:05:27,550
ู‚ุฏุงุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ nitrate ู‚ุฏุงุด ูŠุง ุจู‚ู‰ ุณุงู„ุจ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ

67
00:05:27,550 --> 00:05:31,390
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุณุงู„ุจ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุฒูŠ ุงู„ iron ู…ูˆุฌุจ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ุนู†ุงู‡

68
00:05:31,390 --> 00:05:35,990
ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู…ู† ุตูุฑ ู„ู…ูˆุฌุจ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงูƒุณู„ุฑ ูˆ ุงู„

69
00:05:35,990 --> 00:05:38,930
nickel ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ nitrate ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุณุงู„ุจ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ nickel

70
00:05:38,930 --> 00:05:44,830
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌุจ ุงุชุญูˆู„ ู„ุตูุฑ ุงู‡ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ

71
00:05:44,830 --> 00:05:50,690
ุงูุชุฌุงุฑ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉู‡ูˆ ุงุนุทุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ููˆู‚ ุงุนุทุงู†ูŠ

72
00:05:50,690 --> 00:05:53,790
ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ู‡ุงู„ู‡ุง ุฏูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ molecular equation

73
00:05:53,790 --> 00:05:59,030
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู†ุง ุงูƒุชุจ ุงู„ ionic equation over all ionic

74
00:05:59,030 --> 00:06:05,310
equation ูุจู‚ูˆู„ FES ุฒุงุฆุฏ nickel 2 plus ุฒุงุฆุฏ 2

75
00:06:05,310 --> 00:06:12,990
nitrate ุจุชุนุทูŠู„ู†ุง iron 2 plus ุฒุงุฆุฏ 2 nitrate ุฒุงุฆุฏ

76
00:06:12,990 --> 00:06:18,000
nickel solidูุจู„ุงุญุธ ุงู†ู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ nitrate ูˆ ุงู„

77
00:06:18,000 --> 00:06:21,760
nitrate ูƒุงู†ุช spectator ุนู† ู†ุงุญูŠุชูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ ู…ุงููŠุด

78
00:06:21,760 --> 00:06:24,900
ุฅู„ู‡ุง ุฃูŠ ุฏูˆุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ ู…ุงู„ู‡ุงุด ุฃูŠ ุฏูˆุฑ ููŠ

79
00:06:24,900 --> 00:06:28,440
ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ูู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู†ู‡ ูˆ ูƒุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠ ุงู†

80
00:06:28,440 --> 00:06:32,920
ุงู„ iron solid ู…ุน ุงู„ nickel 2 plus ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง iron 2

81
00:06:32,920 --> 00:06:36,480
plus ุฒุงุฆุฏ nickel solid ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ iron ุงุนุทู‰ two

82
00:06:36,480 --> 00:06:38,900
electrodes ู„ู„ nickel ุงู„ nickel ุงุฎู„ู‰ two electrodes

83
00:06:38,900 --> 00:06:44,650
ูˆ ุฃุตุจุญ nickel ุตู„ุจ ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ nickel ionูˆุงุถุญ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ

84
00:06:44,650 --> 00:06:49,530
ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ู…ุงููŠุด ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†

85
00:06:49,530 --> 00:06:52,950
ุงู„ู€ iron ูŠุนุทู‰ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงู„ nickel ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุงุฎุฏู‡ู… ุฃู…ุง ู…ุงููŠ

86
00:06:52,950 --> 00:06:56,950
ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ iron ูŠุนุทู‰ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงู„

87
00:06:56,950 --> 00:07:00,130
nickel ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุงุฎุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ุดุฑุท ู…ุงููŠุด ุนู†ุฏู‰

88
00:07:00,130 --> 00:07:04,450
ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ูู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุฃุญุฏ ุงู„ุทุฑููŠู† ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†

89
00:07:04,450 --> 00:07:07,450
ุญุตู„ ู„ู‡ oxidation ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุญุตู„ ู„ู‡ reduction ูˆููŠ

90
00:07:07,450 --> 00:07:10,550
ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุฅู†ู‡ ู…ุงูŠูƒูˆู†ุด ููŠู‡ุง

91
00:07:10,550 --> 00:07:15,010
ุฃูŠ ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญุตู„ ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ

92
00:07:15,010 --> 00:07:18,030
ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒุชุณุจ ุฃุซู†ุงุก

93
00:07:18,030 --> 00:07:25,790
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงุญุชุฒุงู„ ุทูŠุจุŒ ู…ูŠุฌูŠ ู†ุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุซุงู„ุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ุŸ

94
00:07:25,920 --> 00:07:29,320
ุจู‚ูˆู„ write the balanced molecular and net ionic

95
00:07:29,320 --> 00:07:32,080
equations for the reaction of aluminum with

96
00:07:32,080 --> 00:07:36,280
hydrobromic acids ู…ุนุฑูˆู ุงู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุซุงู„ ุงูŠูˆู† ุจุนุถู‡ุง

97
00:07:36,280 --> 00:07:42,800
ุจุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ strong acids ูˆุงู„ acids ุนู…ูˆู…ุง ูˆ

98
00:07:42,800 --> 00:07:46,420
ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ูุงู„ aluminum ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุงู„

99
00:07:46,420 --> 00:07:50,520
aluminum ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุณุชุฉ HPR ุจู‚ู‰ ุงุซู†ูŠู† aluminum bromide

100
00:07:50,520 --> 00:07:54,570
ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ H2ุทุจุนุง ู„ูˆ ุญุจูŠู†ุง ู†ูˆุฒู†ู‡ุง ุงูƒูŠุฏ ุจู†ุฑูˆุญ ู‡ุงู†

101
00:07:54,570 --> 00:07:58,030
ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ aluminum ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุฐุง aluminum ูˆุงุญุฏ PR ุชู„ุงุชุฉ

102
00:07:58,030 --> 00:08:01,910
ุจู†ุญุท ู‡ุงู† ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ู„ูƒู† ุจุงุฌูŠ ุจูˆุฒู† ุงู„ H ุชู„ุงุชุฉ H ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ ุงู‡

103
00:08:01,910 --> 00:08:05,390
ุชู„ุงุชุฉ H ุซู… ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงุฐุง ู„ุงุฒู… ุงุถุฑู ูƒู„

104
00:08:05,390 --> 00:08:10,010
ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูุชุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุตูุฉ ุทูŠุจ

105
00:08:10,010 --> 00:08:14,730
ุงู„ complete ionic equation ุงู„ aluminum ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ู‰ 6H

106
00:08:14,730 --> 00:08:22,310
plus 6PR minus ุงู‡ ุงุชู†ูŠู† aluminum ุชู„ุงุชุฉุจุฑ3 ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ

107
00:08:22,310 --> 00:08:26,730
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุณุชุฉ ุจูŠ ุงุฑ ุซุงู„ุซ ูˆ ุชู„ุงุชู‡ ุงุชุด ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจุงุทู„ุน ุญูŠู†

108
00:08:26,730 --> 00:08:30,710
ุจู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ุณุชุฉ ุจูŠ ุงุฑ ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุณุชุฉ ุจูŠ ุงุฑ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„

109
00:08:30,710 --> 00:08:33,930
spectators ุนุดุงู† ุงุทู„ุน ุงู„ ionic ุงู„ net ionic

110
00:08:33,930 --> 00:08:36,690
equation ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุงู† ุงุฑูุนู‡ู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ aluminum solid

111
00:08:36,690 --> 00:08:41,150
ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุณุชุฉ H plus ุงุชู†ูŠู† aluminum ุชู„ุงุชู‡ ู„ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุฒุงุฆุฏ

112
00:08:41,150 --> 00:08:46,030
ุชู„ุงุชู‡ H2 ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู† ุงู„ aluminum ู‡ูŠูˆู‡ุงู† ุงู„ oxidation

113
00:08:46,030 --> 00:08:51,360
ุชุจุนู‡ ุฒุงุฏ ู…ู† ุตูุฑ ู„ู…ูˆุฌุฉ ุชู„ุงุชุฉุฅุฐุงู‹ ู‡ุฐุง ุญุตู„ ู„ู‡ ุงูƒุณุฏุง

114
00:08:51,360 --> 00:08:59,600
ูˆุงู„ H ู…ู† plus one ู„ุตูุฑ ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุญุตู„ ู„ู‡ ุงุชุฒุงู†

115
00:08:59,600 --> 00:09:05,780
ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช

116
00:09:05,780 --> 00:09:11,740
ุงุชุญุงุฏู‡ูŠ .. ู‡ูŠ ู…ุงุจุชู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง .. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

117
00:09:11,740 --> 00:09:14,940
ู‡ุงุณู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ .. ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ุงู„ุงุชุญุงุฏ ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ุนุงู…ุฉ

118
00:09:14,940 --> 00:09:18,480
ูƒุชูŠุฑ ูุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุฎุตุต .. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ุงู„ุงุชุญุงุฏ

119
00:09:18,480 --> 00:09:22,240
ู…ุซู„ุง ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ Neutralization ุฃุณุฏ ู…ุน ุจูŠุฒ ุชูุงุนู„

120
00:09:22,240 --> 00:09:26,080
.. ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุณ ู‡ุฐุง .. ู‡ุฐุง ุฅุด ุนุงู… ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู„ูƒู† ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†

121
00:09:26,080 --> 00:09:29,680
ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฎุตุต ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู† ู‡ุฐุง ุชูุงุนู„ ุฃูƒุณุฏ ุฃูˆ

122
00:09:29,680 --> 00:09:33,180
ุงุฎุชุฒุงู„ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุชุฎุตุต ุฃูƒุชุฑ ูุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฎูŠุงุฑุงุช ุฏู‡

123
00:09:33,180 --> 00:09:37,470
ุจุฎุตุตู‡ุŒ ุชูุงุนู„ ุฃูƒุณุฏ ุฃูˆ ุงุฎุชุฒุงู„ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู…ุนุงูŠูŠุฑุงุช ุงู„ุงุชุญุงุฏ

124
00:09:37,470 --> 00:09:46,290
ุนุงู…ุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุฎุงู„ุต ุทูŠุจ ู†ุชุทู„ุน ุงู„ุขู† ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ write

125
00:09:46,290 --> 00:09:49,690
the balanced molecular and net ionic equations for

126
00:09:49,690 --> 00:09:53,670
the reaction between magnesium and cobalt sulfate

127
00:09:53,670 --> 00:09:58,590
ูููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ magnesium solid ูˆ cobalt sulfate ู…ุงุดูŠ

128
00:09:58,590 --> 00:10:02,350
ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง .. ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงุญู„ุงู„ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุนู…ู„

129
00:10:02,350 --> 00:10:06,960
single replacementูุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒุฉ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ุตู„ูุงุช ุชุตุจุญ

130
00:10:06,960 --> 00:10:12,900
ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒุฉ ุจุตู„ูุงุช ูˆุงู„ูƒูˆุจู„ ุชุตุจุญ ุตู„ูŠุจ ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†

131
00:10:12,900 --> 00:10:17,080
ุงู„ู€ molecular equation ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุง ู†ูุตู„ู‡ุง ุฃูƒุชุฑ

132
00:10:17,080 --> 00:10:21,380
ู…ุงุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุง ุจูˆู„ูŠู† ุงู„ูƒูˆุจู„ ุตู„ูุงุช ุทุจุนุง ุฐุงุฆุจุฉ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุนุฑูˆู

133
00:10:21,380 --> 00:10:26,000
ุฃู† ุงู„ุตู„ูุงุช ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุฐุงุฆุจุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฐูƒุฑุช ู…ุน ุงู„ุจุฑูŠุงู…

134
00:10:26,000 --> 00:10:32,500
ูˆุงู„ุณุชุฑุงุชูŠุงู… ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠุฏูุงู„ูƒูˆุจู„ ุตุงู„ูุงุช ุทุจุนุง ุฏุงุฆุจุฉ ุฅุฐุง

135
00:10:32,500 --> 00:10:37,460
ูƒูˆุจู„ 2 plus ุตุงู„ูุงุช 2 ุณุงู„ูƒ ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุงู… ุตุงู„ูุงุช ุทุจุนุง

136
00:10:37,460 --> 00:10:43,080
ุฏุงุฆุจุฉ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุงู… ุตุงู„ูุงุช .. ู…ุด ุจุงุฑูŠุงู… ูˆู„ุง

137
00:10:43,080 --> 00:10:46,360
ุงุณุชุฑุงู†ุดูŠุง ูู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุงู… ุทุจุนุง ุตุงู„ูุงุช ุฏุจุนุชู‡ ุฏุงุฆุจุฉ

138
00:10:46,360 --> 00:10:51,980
ูู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุงู… 2 plus ูˆุตุงู„ูุงุช 2 ุณุงู„ูƒ ูˆูƒูˆุจู„ ุตุงู„ุช ุจูŠุถู„ูˆุง

139
00:10:51,980 --> 00:10:55,440
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ูุงู†ุง ุจุชุทู„ุน ู…ู† ู„ุงุฌุฉ ุงู„ุตุงู„ูุงุช ูˆ ุงู„ุตุงู„ูุงุช

140
00:10:55,440 --> 00:10:59,940
spectator ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุฃู†ู‡ ู†ุฑูุนู‡ู… ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฃุตู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠูˆูˆุฌูˆุฏู‡ู…

141
00:10:59,940 --> 00:11:03,560
ู…ุด ู…ู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู… ูŠุธู‡ุฑูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ูˆ

142
00:11:03,560 --> 00:11:07,820
ุฃูŠุถุง ููŠ ุงู„ู†ูˆุงุชุฌ ูุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุญุตุฑ ุงู† ู‡ูŠ magnesium

143
00:11:07,820 --> 00:11:12,020
solid ุฒุงุฆุฏ ูƒูˆุจู„ุช ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌุจ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง magnesium

144
00:11:12,020 --> 00:11:15,860
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌุจ ุฒุงุฆุฏ ูƒูˆุจู„ุช solid ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุทูŠ two

145
00:11:15,860 --> 00:11:20,140
electrons ูˆ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ oxidized ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุทูŠ two electrons

146
00:11:20,140 --> 00:11:26,260
ูˆ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ reduced ุทูŠุจ ู„ูƒู†

147
00:11:26,260 --> 00:11:31,180
ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุด ุจุนุฑูู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ุจุงู„ูุนู„

148
00:11:31,180 --> 00:11:35,700
ุงู„ู…ุฌู‡ุฒุฉ ุจุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ cobalt 2 plus ุจูŠุนุทูŠู„ู‡

149
00:11:35,700 --> 00:11:38,700
ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู…ุณ ุงู„ู…ุฌู‡ุฒุฉ ุงู„ 2 plus ูˆ ุงู„ cobalt ุชุญูˆู„ ู„

150
00:11:38,700 --> 00:11:41,160
cobalt 2 plusุŸ ุฅูŠุด ุจุนุฑูู†ุง ุฅู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุจุงู„ูุนู„

151
00:11:41,160 --> 00:11:47,160
ุจูŠุญุตู„ุŸ ุทุจ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุง ุจูŠุญุตู„ุด ุฃูˆ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุขุฎุฑ ูˆ

152
00:11:47,160 --> 00:11:51,600
ุฃูƒุชุด ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠุญุตู„ ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุญุตู„ุด ุณูˆุงุก ู…ุน ุงู„

153
00:11:51,600 --> 00:11:57,420
acid ุฃูˆ ุณูˆุงุก ู…ุน ุงู„ saltูุงุญู†ุง ุดูˆูู†ุง ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ู…ุน ุงู„

154
00:11:57,420 --> 00:12:00,900
acids ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง H2 ุจุนุถ ุงู„ metals ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ acids

155
00:12:00,900 --> 00:12:05,180
ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง H2 ุจุนุถ ุงู„ metals ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ salts ูˆุจุชุบูŠุฑ

156
00:12:05,180 --> 00:12:10,380
ุจุญุตู„ ุฃูƒุณุฏ ุฃูˆ ุงุฎุชุฒุงุฏ ุทูŠุจ ูˆู‚ุช ุฅูŠุด ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุนุฑู ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†

157
00:12:10,380 --> 00:12:15,320
metal ู…ุนูŠู† ุจูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน acid ุฃูˆ metal ู…ุนูŠู† ุจูŠุชูุงุนู„

158
00:12:15,320 --> 00:12:18,860
ู…ุน salt ูˆู„ุง ูƒู„ ุงู„ metals ุจุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ูƒู„ ุงู„ acids

159
00:12:18,860 --> 00:12:23,890
ูˆูƒู„ ุงู„ salts ูˆุจุชุบูŠุฑ ู„ุฃ ู…ุด ุตุญูŠุญ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู…ุฌุงู„ ุนุดุงู†

160
00:12:23,890 --> 00:12:27,270
ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจู†ุฏุฑุณ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ activity series ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ

161
00:12:27,270 --> 00:12:34,710
ุงู„ู†ุดุงุท ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุดุงุท ู…ู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ุจู†ุณุชุทูŠุน ุฃู†ู‡

162
00:12:34,710 --> 00:12:39,430
ู†ุนู…ู„ prediction ุฅุฐุง ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† metal

163
00:12:39,430 --> 00:12:46,890
solid solid metal elemental atoms ุฃูˆ atoms in

164
00:12:46,890 --> 00:12:55,230
elemental state ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน acidุฃูˆ ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน Metal

165
00:12:55,230 --> 00:12:58,690
-Iron ูุงู„ู€ Activity Series ู‡ุฐุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ

166
00:12:58,690 --> 00:13:03,030
ุจุชุฏู„ู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ุจุชุญุตู„ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุง ูู…ุซู„ุง

167
00:13:03,030 --> 00:13:09,690
ุงุญู†ุง ุดูˆูู†ุง ุณุงุจู‚ุง ุงู† ุงู„ Iron ูƒุงู† ุจุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„

168
00:13:09,690 --> 00:13:14,110
Nickel Nitrate ุงู„ Iron Solid ูƒุงู† ุจุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„

169
00:13:14,110 --> 00:13:18,350
Nickel Nitrate ู‚ุจู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู„ุณู‡ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ูƒุชูŠุฑ

170
00:13:18,350 --> 00:13:22,450
ุจู†ุณุชููŠุฏ ุงุญู†ุง ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ ุงูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู†ู‡

171
00:13:22,450 --> 00:13:25,210
ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ู„ูˆ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง nickel sulfate ุงู„ nickel ุนููˆุง ุงู„

172
00:13:25,210 --> 00:13:30,510
nitrate ู…ู…ู†ูˆุน ู†ุฎุฒู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ุฃูˆุนูŠุฉ ุญุฏูŠุฏ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ nickel

173
00:13:30,510 --> 00:13:33,930
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌุจ ุจุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ iron solid ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ

174
00:13:33,930 --> 00:13:37,370
ุจูŠุฏูˆุจูˆุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุนุฏ ูุชุฑุฉ ูˆ ุงู†ุง ู…ุฏูˆุจ ูˆ ุงู†ุง ู…ุฎุฒู† ุงู„

175
00:13:37,370 --> 00:13:42,730
nickel nitrate ููŠ ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ ุจุนุฏ ูุชุฑุฉ ุงูŠู‡ ู‡ูŠุตูŠุฑ

176
00:13:42,730 --> 00:13:48,010
.. ุงู‡ ู‡ูŠุฏูˆุจ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏูˆููŠ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุถูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎุทูŠุฑุฉ

177
00:13:48,010 --> 00:13:53,090
ู…ุด ูƒูˆูŠุณุฉ ูููŠ

178
00:13:53,090 --> 00:13:58,330
ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ู„ู…ุง ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู† ูŠุญุตู„ู‡ุง ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ ู„ู…ุง ุชุชูุงุนู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

179
00:13:58,330 --> 00:14:04,830
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู…ุฏู„ูˆู„ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุฏู„ูˆู„ ู…ู‡ู…

180
00:14:04,830 --> 00:14:11,630
ุฌุฏุง ูุจู†ู„ุงุญุธ ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ machinery ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู†

181
00:14:12,240 --> 00:14:16,800
ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ู‡ูŠุญุตู„ู‡ ุฃูƒุณุฉ ุฏู‡ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠุชูุนู„ ูˆูŠุชุญูˆู„

182
00:14:16,800 --> 00:14:22,140
ู…ู† ุตู„ุจ ู„ SaltุŒ ุจูŠูƒูˆูŠุณู…ุน ุฏู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู…ุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุงูƒูŠู†ุงุช

183
00:14:22,140 --> 00:14:26,320
ุจุนุฏ ูุชุฑุฉ ุจุณูŠุทุฉุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุจุญุตู„ู‡ุงุŸ ุจุชุจุทู„ ู…ูƒุงู†ุŒ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ

184
00:14:26,320 --> 00:14:30,680
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุจุชุชูƒุณุฑ ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ Saltู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุงุฌุฉ .. ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ

185
00:14:30,680 --> 00:14:34,380
ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณูู† ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ุณูู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู†

186
00:14:34,380 --> 00:14:37,700
ุณููŠู†ุฉ ูˆู…ุงุดูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุญุฑ ูˆู…ุจุชุนุฒุฌ ุฌุฏุง ูˆุญู„ูˆ ุฎุงู„ุต ู„ูƒู†

187
00:14:37,700 --> 00:14:41,580
ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุจุญุตู„ ุฃูƒุณุฏ ู„ู‡ ุฌุฏุฑุงู†ู‡ุง ูˆ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณูƒู‡ุง

188
00:14:41,580 --> 00:14:45,400
ูˆุบูŠุฑู‡ ุจุนุฏ ูุชุฑุฉ ู…ุง ู„ุฌูŠู‡ุง ู„ุฎู„ุงุต ุตุงุฑุช ูˆู„ุง ุดูŠุก ุงุชูƒุณุฑุช

189
00:14:45,400 --> 00:14:50,480
ูˆุบุฑุฌุช ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู„ุฃุฏูˆุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุง ู„ูˆ

190
00:14:50,480 --> 00:14:56,250
ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุซู„ุง ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ุจุชุชุฃูƒุณุฏ ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ุนู…ุฑ

191
00:14:56,250 --> 00:15:01,530
ู‡ุงู„ุฒู…ู† ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุถุฆูŠู„ ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ู†ูู‡ู… ุฅูŠุด

192
00:15:01,530 --> 00:15:04,350
ูŠุนู†ูŠ activity series ูˆ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุญุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชูุงุนู„ ูˆ

193
00:15:04,350 --> 00:15:07,010
ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุญุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชูุนู„ุด ูˆ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุญุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ more

194
00:15:07,010 --> 00:15:10,010
reactive ูˆ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุญุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ reactive ุฃู†ุง ู„ูˆ

195
00:15:10,010 --> 00:15:14,030
ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ุฉุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุจูŠุฏุงุฎู„ ุฃูŠ ู…ุนุฏู‰ ู†ุนู…ู„ ู…ู†ู‡ ุนู…ู„ุฉ

196
00:15:14,030 --> 00:15:18,630
ู…ุนุฏู‰ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู…ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฃุฎุณุฑ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุนุงุฏู† ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ

197
00:15:18,630 --> 00:15:22,850
ุจุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุฃูˆุงุก ุงู„ุฌูˆุŒ ุจุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุจู‚ุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ุŒ ููƒุงู†

198
00:15:22,850 --> 00:15:27,130
ู…ุนุงูŠุง ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠู„ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู…ู„ุฉ ุงู„ุตุจุญ ู…ุงู„ุฌุชู‡ุงุดุŒ ูุจุตุจุทุด

199
00:15:27,130 --> 00:15:33,150
ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ุญุงุฌุฉ ู…ุซู„ุง ุซุงุจุชุฉ ูุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู†

200
00:15:33,150 --> 00:15:39,500
ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ุงู„ metals solid metals ุจุชุชูุงูˆุชููŠ ุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ

201
00:15:39,500 --> 00:15:45,120
ุฃูƒุณุฏุชู‡ุง ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู† ุณู‡ู„ ุฌุฏุง ุงู†ู‡ ุชุชุฃูƒุณุฏ ูˆููŠ ุจุนุถ

202
00:15:45,120 --> 00:15:49,220
ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู† ุตุนุจ ุงู†ู‡ ุชุชุฃูƒุณุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตุนุจ ุงู†ู‡

203
00:15:49,220 --> 00:15:53,880
ุชุชุฃูƒุณุฏ ุงู„ุฏู‡ุจ ู…ุซู„ุง ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ ู„ู„ุฒูŠู†ุง ูˆุบูŠุฑู‡ ูˆ

204
00:15:53,880 --> 00:16:02,560
ุงู„ูุทุฉ ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ุจู„ุงุชูŠู† ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ู…ู†ู‡ ู‚ุทุนุฉ ู…ุนุฏู†ูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

205
00:16:02,560 --> 00:16:08,270
ุนู…ู„ุฉ ู…ุนุฏู†ูŠุฉ ุจุชุนูŠุด ุขู„ุงู ุงู„ุณู†ูŠู† ู…ุด ู‡ูŠูƒุจูŠู†ู…ุง ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง

206
00:16:08,270 --> 00:16:14,170
ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ ุฃูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ sodium ุฃูˆ ุงู„

207
00:16:14,170 --> 00:16:18,590
calcium ุฃูˆ ุงู„ barium ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ุจู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงูŠู‡ ุจุชุญูˆู„

208
00:16:18,590 --> 00:16:24,370
ู„ู„ salts ุชูุงุนู„ู‡ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ very reactive ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ

209
00:16:24,370 --> 00:16:27,390
ุจูŠุชุฃูƒุณุฑ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฐูƒุฑู†ุงู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง

210
00:16:27,390 --> 00:16:31,850
coinageElements ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุนุงุฏู† ุจุชุนูŠุด ูุชุฑุฉ ุฒู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ

211
00:16:31,850 --> 00:16:37,210
ุจุชุญุจุด ุชุชุฃูƒุณุฏ ุจุชู‚ุงูˆู… ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ ุนู„ุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุชุนูŠุด ู„ูุชุฑุงุช

212
00:16:37,210 --> 00:16:42,850
ุฒู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ูุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู† ุจุชุฎุชู„ู ููŠ ุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ

213
00:16:42,850 --> 00:16:47,730
ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง ูููŠ ู…ุนุงุฏู† ุชุชุฃูƒุณุฏ ุณู‡ู„ ุฌุฏุง ุฌุฏุง ูˆููŠ ู…ุนุงุฏู†

214
00:16:47,730 --> 00:16:52,990
ุชุชุฃูƒุณุฏ ุจุตุนูˆุจุฉ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง ุจุฏุฑ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชุฃูƒุณุฏ

215
00:16:52,990 --> 00:16:57,390
ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ุฌุฏุง ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ูˆุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ

216
00:16:58,220 --> 00:17:00,420
ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ alkaline metals ูˆ

217
00:17:00,420 --> 00:17:04,040
ุงู„ alkaline earth metals ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุชูŠู† ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ

218
00:17:04,040 --> 00:17:09,380
ุฌุฏุง ุจุช ุฃูƒุณุฏูˆุง ุทุจ ูˆุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุบู„ุจ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ููŠ

219
00:17:09,380 --> 00:17:16,440
ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฏุงู† ุฌุงู„ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู„ูˆ .. ู„ูˆ .. ู„ูˆ

220
00:17:16,440 --> 00:17:23,680
ุญุงุจุจู†ุง ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู…ู†ุฉ A ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ

221
00:17:23,680 --> 00:17:28,790
ุงู„ุชุงู…ู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู…ู†ุฉ A ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุงุญู†ุง

222
00:17:28,790 --> 00:17:33,890
ุงู„ copper ูˆ ุงู„ platinum ูˆ ุงู„ gold ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุตุนุจุฉ

223
00:17:33,890 --> 00:17:37,670
ุตุนุจุฉ ุงู„ excellence ุงู…ุง ุงู„ non metals ูู‡ู†ุดูˆูู‡ู… ุจุนุฏ

224
00:17:37,670 --> 00:17:42,050
ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ non metals ู‡ู†ุดูˆูู‡ู… ุจุนุฏ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ูุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„

225
00:17:42,050 --> 00:17:51,170
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุทู„ุนู†ุง ู…ุซู„ุง ุญุทูŠู†ุง copper 2 plus ู…ุน

226
00:17:51,170 --> 00:17:55,480
zinc solidุจู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุจูŠุญุตู„ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„

227
00:17:55,480 --> 00:17:59,840
zinc ุจุญุจ ูŠุชุฃูƒุณุฏ ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ุจูŠูู‚ุฏ ุงู„ electrodes ุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ

228
00:17:59,840 --> 00:18:03,920
ุฃูƒุณุจุชู‡ ู…ู…ุชุงุฒุฉ ูุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ

229
00:18:03,920 --> 00:18:06,500
electrodes ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ูƒุจุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุจุฑ

230
00:18:06,500 --> 00:18:13,440
ุฃุดู…ุงู„ู‡ ุจูŠุชุฑุณุจ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุงุชูƒุจุฑ ุตุบูŠุฑ ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุญุทูŠู†ุง silver

231
00:18:13,440 --> 00:18:21,260
ู…ุน ุงู„ูƒุจุฑ ุจู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุฃ ุงู„ silver ุจุญุตู„ ู…ุด accident

232
00:18:22,320 --> 00:18:26,740
ุจุญุตู„ูˆุด accident ุจุงู„ุนูƒุณ ู„ูˆ ุญุทูŠู†ุง cover solid ู…ุน ุงู„

233
00:18:26,740 --> 00:18:29,840
silver plus ุจู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุงู† ุงู„ cover ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุญุตู„ู‡

234
00:18:29,840 --> 00:18:36,980
accident ู…ุซู„ุง ูู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุงุญู†ุง

235
00:18:36,980 --> 00:18:43,380
ุฑุชุจู†ุง ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุจุญุณุจ ุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ accident ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงุฎุฑ

236
00:18:43,380 --> 00:18:48,240
ุจุญุณุจ ู†ุดุงุทู‡ุง ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ accident ุงูˆ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงุฎุฑ ุจุญุณุจ

237
00:18:48,240 --> 00:18:56,990
ู†ุดุงุทู‡ุง ูุญุตู„ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ุงู„ุฌุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„

238
00:18:56,990 --> 00:18:59,570
ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ุง ุงู„ุฃุณู ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ููŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ

239
00:18:59,570 --> 00:19:04,140
discrepancies ุฃูˆ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงุฎุชู„ุงูุงุช ุฃูˆ ุดูˆุงุฐู„ูƒู† ููŠ

240
00:19:04,140 --> 00:19:07,820
ุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ูˆูŠู„ู‡ุง ุฃุณุจุงุจ ู„ูƒู† ู„ู„ุฃุณู ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ุด ู…ูˆุถูˆุนู†ุง ููŠ

241
00:19:07,820 --> 00:19:12,440
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูุตู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุฏู…ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุง ุฃู†ู‡

242
00:19:12,440 --> 00:19:15,780
ู†ุชุนุฑุถ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ุง ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ูุจู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ lithium ุจุณ

243
00:19:15,780 --> 00:19:19,020
ุชุทู„ุนูˆู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุทุจูŠุนุชู‡ ุฏูˆู„ Lithium, Potassium, Barium,

244
00:19:19,140 --> 00:19:23,080
Calcium, Sodium, Magnesium, Aluminum ู„ุญุธูˆุง ุญุฏูŠุซ

245
00:19:23,080 --> 00:19:27,360
ุงู„ู‡ุงู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ alkaline air ูˆ alkaline metals ู‡ุฏูˆู„

246
00:19:27,360 --> 00:19:31,760
very active ู„ุญุธูˆุง Ease of oxidation increases ูƒู„

247
00:19:31,760 --> 00:19:36,530
ู…ุง ุทู„ุนู†ุง ู„ููˆู‚ุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ ุจุชุฒูŠุฏ ุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ

248
00:19:36,530 --> 00:19:40,210
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุฃูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ elements ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ุจุชูู‚ุฏ ุงู„

249
00:19:40,210 --> 00:19:47,270
electrode ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ู…ุซู„ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ aluminum

250
00:19:47,270 --> 00:19:52,330
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุชุนุชุจุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ

251
00:19:52,330 --> 00:19:56,930
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุงู†ุชู‚ุงู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุฌุงู†ูŠุฒ ุฒูŠูƒูŠ ูƒุฑูˆู…ูŠุงู… ุงูŠุฑูˆู†

252
00:19:56,930 --> 00:20:02,740
ููˆุจู„ุช ู†ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุงู†ุชู‚ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู†ุชู‚ุงู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ุชูƒูˆู†ุจูŠู†

253
00:20:02,740 --> 00:20:08,160
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุงู„ุณู‡ู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชุฃูƒุณุฏ ูˆุจูŠู† ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ

254
00:20:08,160 --> 00:20:12,400
ุงู„ุตุนุจุฉ ุงู„ุชุฃูƒุณุฏ ุงู„ุตุนุจุฉ ุงู„ุชุฃูƒุณุฏ ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ

255
00:20:12,400 --> 00:20:19,700
ุงู„ู€ coinage metals ุฒูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ูุถุฉุŒ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุชูŠู†ุŒ ุงู„ุฌูˆู„ุŒ

256
00:20:19,700 --> 00:20:23,220
ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠุณ ูˆุงู„ุณู‡ู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชุฃูƒุณุฏ ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุงู„ูƒู„ูŠ

257
00:20:23,220 --> 00:20:28,020
ูˆุงู„ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุงูŠ ููŠ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ

258
00:20:28,020 --> 00:20:31,980
ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุงู„ุงู†ุชู‚ุงู„ูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญุจู‡ุง ู„ู„ุชุฃูƒุณู„ ุฃูˆ ุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ

259
00:20:31,980 --> 00:20:38,720
ุฃูƒุณู„ุชู‡ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุชูˆุณุทุฉ ูุนู†ุฏูŠู‡ุงู† ู„ูˆ ุงุทู„ุนู†ุง ุจู†ูุตู„

260
00:20:38,720 --> 00:20:44,080
ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุชูŠู† ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ุจู†ูุตู„

261
00:20:44,080 --> 00:20:48,840
ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุชูŠู† ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ูˆุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู†

262
00:20:48,840 --> 00:20:55,520
ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููˆู‚ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุนุงู„ู€ Acids

263
00:20:55,520 --> 00:21:00,780
ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Acids ูˆ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ูŠ Hydrogen ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููˆู‚

264
00:21:00,780 --> 00:21:04,060
ุงู„ู€ Hydrogen ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Acids ุทุจ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุญุช ุงู„ู€

265
00:21:04,060 --> 00:21:07,980
Hydrogen ู‚ุงู„ ู„ุฃ ู„ุง ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Acids ุฅุฐุง ุฃูˆู„

266
00:21:07,980 --> 00:21:12,040
ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Acids ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุญุฏุฏู‡ุงุŸ ู‚ุงู„

267
00:21:12,040 --> 00:21:15,700
ู…ูˆุถุน ุงู„ู€ Metal ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Hydrogen ุงู„ู€ Metals ุงู„ู„ูŠ

268
00:21:15,700 --> 00:21:21,880
ููˆู‚ู‡ ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Acids ูˆุด ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ูŠุŸ Hydrogen ุทุจ ูˆ

269
00:21:21,880 --> 00:21:25,410
ุงู„ู€ Metals ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุญุชู‡ูƒุงู† ู‡ุงุชุฉ ุชูุงุนู„ุŒ ูˆู„ุงุญุธูˆุง

270
00:21:25,410 --> 00:21:28,570
ุงู„ู€metals ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุญุชู‡ุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ GoldุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ PlatinumุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ

271
00:21:28,570 --> 00:21:31,650
SilverุŒ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ุนุฑูˆููŠู†ุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€ Copper ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…

272
00:21:31,650 --> 00:21:35,390
ุจุฏุฑุฌุงุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุชูุงูˆุชุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุฌุฏู‹ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ CoinageุŒ ููŠ

273
00:21:35,390 --> 00:21:41,920
ุงู„ุนู…ู„ุงุช ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ ูู‡ุฏูˆู„ ูƒู„ู‡ู… ุชุญุช ุงู„ู€ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒูˆุฑูŠ

274
00:21:41,920 --> 00:21:45,760
ุทุจุนุง ู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ู… ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒูˆุฑูŠ ุจุชุดูˆูู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ

275
00:21:45,760 --> 00:21:49,880
ุงู„ุนุงู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุด ูƒุชูŠุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญุจู‡ ู„ู„ุชุฃูƒุณู„ ู…ุด ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุดุฑูƒุฉ

276
00:21:49,880 --> 00:21:53,440
ุจูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…ูˆู‡ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ุงุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒุชูŠุฑุฉ ุฌุฏุง ููŠ ุงู„ุจูƒุชุฑูŠุงุช

277
00:21:53,440 --> 00:21:58,440
ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ูŠู„ูˆ ุชุทุจูŠู‚ุงุช ูƒุชูŠุฑุฉ ุฎุงู„ุต ูุชุฐูƒุฑูˆุง ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐู‡

278
00:21:58,440 --> 00:22:04,280
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ coinage metal ุงู„ู„ูŠ is reactive ุฅุฐุง

279
00:22:04,280 --> 00:22:08,200
ุจุชุณุชููŠุฏ ุญุงุฌุฉุงู„ู„ูŠ ููˆู‚ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููˆู‚

280
00:22:08,200 --> 00:22:15,940
ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู† 100% ู…ุคูƒุฏ ุงู†ู‡ ู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ .. ุงู„ transition

281
00:22:15,940 --> 00:22:20,220
metals ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃูˆู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงู„ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ู…ุณู„ู… ููŠู‡ ุงู„

282
00:22:20,220 --> 00:22:22,560
alkali ูˆ ุงู„ alkaline ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุฎู„ุงุต ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ูƒู„ู‡ู… ููˆู‚

283
00:22:22,560 --> 00:22:25,560
ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ูู‡ุฏูˆู„ ูƒู„ู‡ู… ุจุชูุนู„ูˆุง ู…ุน ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„ acids

284
00:22:25,560 --> 00:22:29,900
ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ูˆ ุจูŠุนุทูˆู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุญุชู‡ ู‚ุงู„ ู„ุฃ

285
00:22:29,900 --> 00:22:35,580
ุจุชูุนู„ูˆุด ุงู„ cover ูˆ ู†ุงุฎุฏ ู„ูˆ ุฑูุนู†ุง ุงู„ mercuryุงู„ูƒุจุฑ ูˆ

286
00:22:35,580 --> 00:22:42,800
ุงู„ coinage metals ุงู„ูƒุจุฑ ุงู„ silver ุงู„ุจู„ุงุชูŠู† ุงู„ gold

287
00:22:42,800 --> 00:22:47,220
ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจุฏูุนู„ูˆุด ูŠุจุฌูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃูˆู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ

288
00:22:47,220 --> 00:22:51,240
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุณุชููŠุฏู‡ุง ุทูŠุจ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุญุตู„ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ

289
00:22:51,240 --> 00:22:55,840
metal ู…ุน ุตูˆุช ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุญุตู„ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ metal ู…ุน ุตูˆุช

290
00:22:55,840 --> 00:23:00,580
ุดูˆูู†ุง ุงู„ metal ู…ุน ุงู„ acids ุทุจ ุงู„ metal ู…ุน ุตูˆุช ู‚ุงู„

291
00:23:00,580 --> 00:23:06,300
ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ metal ุงู„ุตูู„ูุฏ ููˆู‚ุงู„ู€ Salt ุจุชูุงุนู„

292
00:23:06,300 --> 00:23:13,920
ู…ุนุงู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูŠุซูŠุงู… ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ KClA ุจุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุนุงู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€

293
00:23:13,920 --> 00:23:19,100
K Plus ุจุนู…ู„ ุฃูƒุณุฏ ู„ู„ูŠุซูŠุงู… ุงู„ู€ Barium ุจุนู…ู„ ุฃูƒุณุฏ

294
00:23:19,100 --> 00:23:21,740
ู„ู„ู…ูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠุซูŠุงู… ุงู„ู€ Calcium ุจุนู…ู„ ุฃูƒุณุฏ

295
00:23:21,740 --> 00:23:26,060
ู„ู„ู…ุงุฑูŠูˆู… ูˆุงู„ู…ูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠุซูŠุงู… ุงู„ู€ Sodium ุจุนู…ู„

296
00:23:26,060 --> 00:23:33,710
ุฃูƒุณุฏ ู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูŠ ู…ุชู„ ุงูŠูˆู„ ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุนุงู‡ุฃูŠ metal

297
00:23:33,710 --> 00:23:37,470
ุนููˆู‹ุงุŒ ุฃูŠ solid metalุŒ ุฃูŠ elementalุŒ ุฃูŠ element ููŠ

298
00:23:37,470 --> 00:23:42,390
its elemental stateุŒ ุจูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„ Ion

299
00:23:42,390 --> 00:23:46,870
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุญุชู‡ุŒ Ion ุงู„ metal ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุญุชู‡ุŒ ูˆุจูŠุญุตู„ ู„ู„ุฃูˆู„

300
00:23:46,870 --> 00:23:51,830
ุฃูƒุณุฏู‡ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ุจูŠุญุตู„ู‡ ุงูุชุฒุงู„ุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุชูุงุคู„ุงุช ุงู„

301
00:23:51,830 --> 00:23:56,010
salts ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู†ุงุŒ ุฅูŠุด ูŠุฌุงู„ุจ ู†ุชุทู„ุนู‡ุง ู„ูˆ

302
00:23:56,010 --> 00:24:01,070
ุจู†ุดูˆูุŸ ู‡ู„ ุจุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ variantุŸู‡ู„ ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู…ู†ุฌุงู†ูŠุฒ ู…ุน

303
00:24:01,070 --> 00:24:05,770
ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒ 2 ุจู„ุณ ู†ุนู… ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒ 2 ุจู„ุณ ุชุญุชู‡ ู‡ู„ ูŠุชูุงุนู„

304
00:24:05,770 --> 00:24:13,030
ุงู„ู…ู†ุฌุงู†ูŠุฒ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒ 2 ุจู„ุณ ู†ุนู… ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒ 2 ุจู„ุณ

305
00:24:13,030 --> 00:24:22,650
ุชุญุชู‡ ู‡ู„ ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู…ู†ุฌุงู†ูŠุฒ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒ 3 ู†ุนู… ู„ุฃู†

306
00:24:22,650 --> 00:24:25,570
ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒ 3 ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒ 3 ู†ุนู… ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒ 3 ุชุญุช

307
00:24:25,570 --> 00:24:31,330
ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ุงู„ salts ุชุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุถุน

308
00:24:31,330 --> 00:24:35,830
ุงู„ metal ions ููŠ ุงู„ activity series ู…ุด ุจุณ ุงูŠู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡

309
00:24:35,830 --> 00:24:38,750
ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ Lithium, Potassium, Barium, Calcium,

310
00:24:38,970 --> 00:24:45,490
Sodium ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ cold water ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ cold

311
00:24:45,490 --> 00:24:50,730
water ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ูˆ ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† vigorously ุจุดุฏุฉ ู…ุน

312
00:24:50,730 --> 00:24:52,390
ุงู„ cold water ุจูŠู†ู…ุง

313
00:24:55,490 --> 00:25:00,810
ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠูˆู… ู…ุซู„ุง ุจูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู„ูƒู† ู…ุน

314
00:25:00,810 --> 00:25:05,350
ุงู„ hot water ู…ุซู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุฏูŠ ู…ู† ุดุฏุฉ

315
00:25:05,350 --> 00:25:09,990
ุญุจู‡ุง ู„ู„ ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฏุชู‡ุง ุฃู†ู‡ ุจุชุชูุงุนู„ ุญุชู‰ ู…ุด

316
00:25:09,990 --> 00:25:13,770
ู…ุน ุงู„ acid ุญุชู‰ ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุจุงู„ุฏุฉ ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง

317
00:25:13,770 --> 00:25:17,130
ุจู†ุนุฑู ูƒู„ู†ุง ูƒู…ุซุงู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ

318
00:25:17,130 --> 00:25:22,050
ุฃุฎุงูู‡ ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุญุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡

319
00:25:22,050 --> 00:25:28,780
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุทู„ุน ู†ุงุฑ ุชูุงุนู„ ุดุฏูŠุฏ ุฌุฏุงุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุนุฑู ุงูˆ

320
00:25:28,780 --> 00:25:33,340
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ูƒูˆู† ูุงู‡ู…ูŠู† ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ุนู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ

321
00:25:33,340 --> 00:25:36,620
ู†ุญูุธู‡ุง ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุญูุธู†ุงู‡ุง ุญู„ูˆ ู„ูƒู†

322
00:25:36,620 --> 00:25:40,120
ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏุฃ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุญุงุณุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏุฃ ุฃู‚ูˆู„

323
00:25:40,120 --> 00:25:43,920
ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„alkali ูˆ ุงู„ alkaline ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุฅูŠุด ู…ุง ู„ู‡ู… ู‡ุฏูˆู„

324
00:25:43,920 --> 00:25:47,660
ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุจุญุจูˆุง ูŠุชุฃูƒุณุฏูˆุง ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุจู†ุงู‡ู… ู…ุน ุฃูŠ

325
00:25:47,660 --> 00:25:52,420
ุญุงุฌุฉ ุชุญุชู‡ู… ุบูŠุฑู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุฅู† ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุจูŠุชู… ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„

326
00:25:52,420 --> 00:26:00,240
ุจูŠุชู…ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุจู†ุง ู…ุซู„ุง chrome solid ู…ุน cobalt

327
00:26:00,240 --> 00:26:04,100
2 plus ุจู‚ูˆู„ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู‡ ุจุชูุงุนู„ูˆุง chrome ู…ุน cobalt

328
00:26:04,100 --> 00:26:09,280
ุจุชูุงุนู„ูˆุง ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ cobalt ุชุญุช ุงู„ chrome ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง

329
00:26:09,280 --> 00:26:18,980
ู„ุง ุงู„ cobalt ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ ุงู†ุง cobalt 2 plus ู‡ู„ ุจุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน

330
00:26:18,980 --> 00:26:23,270
ุงู„ nickel solid ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ cobalt ููˆู‚ ุงู„ nickelุฅุฐุง

331
00:26:23,270 --> 00:26:29,010
ุจุชูุนู„ูˆุด ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ูƒูˆุจู„ุช ููˆู‚ ุงู„ู†ูƒู„ุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู„ูƒู† ..

332
00:26:29,010 --> 00:26:32,210
ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูƒูˆุจู„ุช ุงู„ุตุงู„ุจ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ nickel 2 plusุŒ ุฃู‡ู„ุง

333
00:26:32,210 --> 00:26:36,830
ูˆุณู‡ู„ุงุŒ ุงุชูุงุนู„ูˆุง ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ ุฎู„ูˆุŒ ู…ุด ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุทู„ุนู†ุง

334
00:26:36,830 --> 00:26:40,230
ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ activity seriesุŒ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„

335
00:26:40,230 --> 00:26:43,150
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุญุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ .. ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ูƒูˆู† ู…ุนุฑูˆูุฉ

336
00:26:43,150 --> 00:26:46,710
ุนู†ู‡ุงุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุงุฎุชุตุฑุชู‡ุงุŒ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠุชุฉุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ุตุฉุŒ

337
00:26:46,710 --> 00:26:49,790
ู…ู† ุงู„ุตูˆุฏุฑุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒุฉุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู„ูˆู…ุงู†ุงู…ุŒ ุฃู‡ุŒ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู‡ู…

338
00:26:49,790 --> 00:26:54,420
ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉุงู„ุฒู†ูƒ ุงู„ุงูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู„ LED ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุฌุงูŠุฒ ู…ู† ุงู„

339
00:26:54,420 --> 00:26:58,440
transition ูˆ ู„ุฌู†ุจ ุงู„ transition ุงู„ H2 ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูุงุตู„

340
00:26:58,440 --> 00:27:03,400
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ู… covered silver ู„ุชูŠู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุงู†ู‡

341
00:27:03,400 --> 00:27:11,120
least active ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ man metals ูุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ most

342
00:27:11,120 --> 00:27:15,660
active ู„ูู„ูˆุฑูŠู† ู„ูƒู„ูˆุฑูŠู† ู„ุจุฑูˆู…ูŠู† ุงู„ุงูŠูˆุฏูŠุงู†ุทุจุนุง ุงู„

343
00:27:15,660 --> 00:27:18,360
iodine ู‡ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ least active ุจุณ ุงู„ most active

344
00:27:18,360 --> 00:27:22,000
ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ fluorine ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ุงุดูŠุฉ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง

345
00:27:22,000 --> 00:27:29,580
ุงู„ุงุชุฌุงู‡ ู‡ู†ุดูˆู ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุขุฎุฑ ุงู„ุญุตุฉ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†

346
00:27:29,580 --> 00:27:34,060
ุฃุณุนุงูู†ุง ุงู„ูˆุฌุฏ ูููŠู‡ุง ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุฃู…ุซู„ุงุช ุชุชุนุฑุถ ู„ู‡ุฐุง

347
00:27:34,060 --> 00:27:39,280
ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ุทูŠุจ ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุขู† ู…ุนู†ู‰

348
00:27:39,280 --> 00:27:44,020
ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ metals ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุนุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ูˆูŠู† ู‡ูŠ

349
00:27:44,020 --> 00:27:47,440
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ metals ุจุชูุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ acids ูˆูŠู† ู‡ูŠ

350
00:27:47,440 --> 00:27:52,960
ู‚ุงู„ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ูุฎู„ุงู†ุง ู†ุดูˆู ู…ุซู„ุง ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูŠ

351
00:27:52,960 --> 00:27:57,740
ู†ูŠูƒู„ reacts with HCl to form H2 ุทุจุนุง ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู†ุชุฐูƒุฑ

352
00:27:57,740 --> 00:28:02,460
ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุชุญุช ุงู„ .. ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุชุญุช

353
00:28:02,460 --> 00:28:07,280
ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู†ุฃู‡ ุฌุงู„ู‡ู… ู‡ุงู„ 4 ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุน ุงู„ .. ู…ุน ุงู„

354
00:28:07,280 --> 00:28:13,020
mercury ุงู„ูƒุจุฑ ูˆ ุงู„ silver ูˆ ุงู„ mercury ูˆ ุงู„

355
00:28:13,020 --> 00:28:17,540
platinum ูˆ ุงู„ gold ูƒูˆูŠุณ ูู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงุฐุง ุงู„ุจุงู‚ูŠ

356
00:28:17,540 --> 00:28:20,900
ูƒู„ู‡ ูˆูŠู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ูˆ ู…ุงุนุทูŠูƒูŠุด ุงู„ activity series

357
00:28:20,900 --> 00:28:23,580
ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุชุนุฑู ุงู† ุงู„ nickel ุงู‡ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุจูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„

358
00:28:23,580 --> 00:28:27,280
HCl ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ nickel ู…ุด ุชุญุช ุงู„ hydrogen ุงู„ nickel ููˆู‚

359
00:28:27,280 --> 00:28:31,840
ุงู„ hydrogen ูุจุนุทูŠู†ุง nickel C2 ุฒุงุฏ H2

360
00:28:36,380 --> 00:28:44,000
ู„ูˆ ุฌู†ุฑุงู„ ูƒุจุฑุŒ ู„ูˆ ุญุงุจุจูŠู† ุชู‚ูˆู„ ูƒุจุฑ solid ู…ุน HClุŒ ูƒุจุฑ

361
00:28:44,000 --> 00:28:51,560
solid ู…ุน HClุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุชู‚ูˆู„ุŸ ู‡ุงูŠ ุชุงู†ูŠ HClุŒ ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ no

362
00:28:51,560 --> 00:28:56,970
reactionุจุนุทูŠุด ู„ุฃู† ู…ุงุดูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุนุทูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุนุทูŠ .. ุจุนุทูŠุด

363
00:28:56,970 --> 00:29:00,970
cover chloride ู„ุฃู† ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆ ุจุนุทูŠุด H2 ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจู‚ุฏุฑุด

364
00:29:00,970 --> 00:29:05,030
ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุนุงู‡ ุจู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠุญู„ ู…ุญู„ ุงู„ H2 ุฃูˆ ุจู‚ุฏุฑุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ

365
00:29:05,030 --> 00:29:09,430
ุฎู„ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุจูŠุช acceptุด ู„ู„ cover 2 plus ู…ุง ุจูŠุช

366
00:29:09,430 --> 00:29:16,170
accept ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ cover solid ุชุญุช ุงู„ H2 ุงู„ cover

367
00:29:16,170 --> 00:29:17,350
solid ุชุญุช ุงู„ H2

368
00:29:21,780 --> 00:29:26,400
ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุทู„ุน ู„ cover solid ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุจู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุงู†ู‡

369
00:29:26,400 --> 00:29:30,960
ุจูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ nitric acid ูˆ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง cover nitrate

370
00:29:30,960 --> 00:29:35,400
ุงู‡ ุทุจุนุง ุงู‡ ุทุจุนุง ู‡ู‰ ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุงุนุทุงู†ูŠุด H2 ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„

371
00:29:35,400 --> 00:29:40,320
ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุด ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ูู‰ ุจุงู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุด

372
00:29:40,320 --> 00:29:43,980
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ูู‰ ุจุงู„ู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ H plus ุงู„ู„ู‰ ูู‰ ุงู„

373
00:29:43,980 --> 00:29:52,260
acid ู…ุงุชุญูˆู„ุช ู„ู„ H2 ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุนุงุฏุฉ ู‡ู‰ ุงู„ ..ู†ูƒู„

374
00:29:52,260 --> 00:29:58,220
U ุจู„ุณ ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู† H ุจู„ุณ ุจุชุนุทูŠู„ู†ุง ู†ูƒู„ U ุจู„ุณ ุฒุงุฆุฏ H

375
00:29:58,220 --> 00:30:02,560
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู†ูƒู„ U ุจู„ุณ ุฒุงุฆุฏ H ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู†ูƒู„ U ุจู„ุณ ุฒุงุฆุฏ H

376
00:30:02,560 --> 00:30:06,240
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู†ูƒู„ U ุจู„ุณ ุฒุงุฆุฏ H ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู†ูƒู„ U ุจู„ุณ ุฒุงุฆุฏ H

377
00:30:06,240 --> 00:30:08,260
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู†ูƒู„ U ุจู„ุณ ุฒุงุฆุฏ H ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู†ูƒู„ U ุจู„ุณ ุฒุงุฆุฏ H

378
00:30:08,260 --> 00:30:08,360
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู†ูƒู„ U ุจู„ุณ ุฒุงุฆุฏ H ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู†ูƒู„ U ุจู„ุณ ุฒุงุฆุฏ H

379
00:30:08,360 --> 00:30:08,820
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู†ูƒู„ U ุจู„ุณ ุฒุงุฆุฏ H ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู†ูƒู„ U ุจู„ุณ ุฒุงุฆุฏ H

380
00:30:08,820 --> 00:30:13,000
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู†ูƒู„ U ุจู„ุณ ุฒุงุฆุฏ H ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู†ูƒู„ U ุจู„ุณ ุฒุงุฆุฏ H

381
00:30:13,000 --> 00:30:16,710
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู†ูƒู„ U ุจู„ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ H ุชุจุนุชูŠ ุงู„ acid ุงูŠุด

382
00:30:16,710 --> 00:30:21,110
ุญูˆู‘ุฑุชู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ H2 ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุงู† ู„ุฃ ุจุญุตู„ุด ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู„ุงุฒู…

383
00:30:21,110 --> 00:30:24,810
ู†ูู‡ู…ู‡ ู…ุด ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ู‡ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ูƒูŠู ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ูƒูุฑ ุจุชูุนู„ ู„ูƒู† ู„ุฃ

384
00:30:24,810 --> 00:30:28,950
ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ ุงู† ุงู„ูƒูุฑ ู‡ุงู† ุจูŠุชูุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ nitric acid ุตุญูŠุญ

385
00:30:28,950 --> 00:30:33,390
ู„ูƒู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฏ ูˆุงู„ุงุฎุชุฒุงู„ ุจุชุชู… ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ nitrate

386
00:30:33,390 --> 00:30:39,570
ู…ุด ุงู„ H plus ุงู„ nitrate ูุจู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„ nitrate ู‡ุงู†

387
00:30:39,570 --> 00:30:47,420
ู‡ูŠ 6 ุณุงู„ุจ ู‡ูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆุฌุฉุตุงุฑุช ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุณุงู„ู ุฅุฐุง ุงู„

388
00:30:47,420 --> 00:30:51,900
nitrogen ู…ูˆุฌุจ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุชุจู†ูŠ ุฌู‡ุงู† ุงู„ nitrogen ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ

389
00:30:51,900 --> 00:30:58,340
ุณุงู„ู ุงู‡ ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญุตู„ ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุฅู†ู‡

390
00:30:58,340 --> 00:31:04,680
ุงู„ nitrate ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงูŠู‡ ุงุชุญูˆู„ุช ู„ nitrite ุฃูˆ

391
00:31:04,680 --> 00:31:09,220
nitrogen dioxide ู†ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง nitrogen dioxide ุงู‡ ุฅุฐุง

392
00:31:09,220 --> 00:31:11,600
ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฎุชู„ู ุนู† ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู†ู‡

393
00:31:11,600 --> 00:31:15,660
ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู†ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู…ุชู„ููŠ its

394
00:31:15,660 --> 00:31:21,860
elemental state ู…ุน ุงู„ acid ุนุดุงู† ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ H2 ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ

395
00:31:21,860 --> 00:31:26,600
ุงู„ metal ุจูŠุญุตู„ู‡ ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ H plus ุจูŠุญุตู„ู‡ุง ุงุบุชุฒุงู„

396
00:31:26,600 --> 00:31:32,540
ู‡ู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃ ู‡ุฐุง ุชูุงุนู„ ุขุฎุฑ ูู…ุงุญุฏุด ูŠู†ุบุด ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู‡

397
00:31:32,540 --> 00:31:35,780
ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ chemical ุงุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ acid ู‡ูˆ ุงุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน

398
00:31:35,780 --> 00:31:40,300
ุงู„ acid ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุญุตู„ุงุฎุชุฒุงู„ ู„ู„ู€ Nitrate ุงุชุญูˆู„ุช ู„ู€

399
00:31:40,300 --> 00:31:45,760
Nitrogen Dioxide ุจุณ ู…ุด ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ H Plus ุงุชุญูˆู„ุช ู„ู€ H2

400
00:31:45,760 --> 00:31:52,420
ูู‡ุฐุง ุชูุงุนู„ .. ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุชูุงุนู„ ุขุฎุฑ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู…ุด ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„

401
00:31:52,420 --> 00:31:54,620
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู†ู‡ .. ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู†ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ู‡

402
00:31:54,620 --> 00:31:59,500
ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ Hydrogen ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุขุฎุฑ ุงู„ู€ Metalุงู„ู€ Solid ..

403
00:31:59,500 --> 00:32:03,980
ุงู„ู€ Solid Metal ูŠุญุตู„ ู„ู‡ ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ ูˆ ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ูŠุญุตู„

404
00:32:03,980 --> 00:32:07,780
ุงุบุชุฒุงู„ ู„ู„ู€ H Plus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Acid ุฃู‡ ุณุงุนุชู‡ุง ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„

405
00:32:07,780 --> 00:32:14,020
ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู€ Metals ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููˆู‚ ุงู„ู€ Hydrogen ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน

406
00:32:14,020 --> 00:32:17,700
ุงู„ู€ Acid ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุญุชู‡ ู„ุง ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง

407
00:32:17,700 --> 00:32:23,300
ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุดูู†ุงู‡ุง ุชูุงุนู„ ู…ู†ู‡ ุขุฎุฑ ู…ุด ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„

408
00:32:23,300 --> 00:32:24,360
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุฏุฑุณู‡

409
00:32:27,020 --> 00:32:34,060
ุทุจ ู†ุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ .. ู†ุชุทู„ุน

410
00:32:34,060 --> 00:32:38,420
ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชู‡ูŠู„ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ will an aqueous solution of

411
00:32:38,420 --> 00:32:44,880
iron to chloride oxidize magnesium metal if so

412
00:32:44,880 --> 00:32:48,820
write the balanced molecular and net ionic

413
00:32:48,820 --> 00:32:52,810
equations for the reaction ุฎุฏูˆุง ุจุงู„ูƒู…ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุง

414
00:32:52,810 --> 00:32:57,950
ู†ุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ activity series ุงู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุงูˆู„ ุงุด ูู‰

415
00:32:57,950 --> 00:33:03,650
ููˆู‚ ุงู„ู‚ู„ู‚ุงู„ูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ู‚ู„ู‚ุงู„ูŠ ู‡ู‰ ุงุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุณูŠูˆู† ููˆู‚ ู‡ู‰

416
00:33:03,650 --> 00:33:07,350
ุงู„ solid ู…ุฌู†ูŠุณูŠูˆู† ููˆู‚ ุทุจ ุจุฏู‰ ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงูŠู‡ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„

417
00:33:07,350 --> 00:33:12,730
an aqueous solution of iron 2 chloride ุงู‡ ุงู„ F E

418
00:33:12,730 --> 00:33:17,830
solid ุจุชุนุทูŠู„ู†ุง F E 2 plus ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู‡ู‰ ู‡ู‰ ู‡ู‰ ู„ุฐุง ุงู‡ ุจู‚ู‰

419
00:33:17,830 --> 00:33:22,980
ุงู†ู‡ ู‡ุฏููˆู‡ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุชุดุบู„ ุนุงุฌู„ู†ุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ

420
00:33:22,980 --> 00:33:28,220
ุจุฏูˆู† ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ ู„ู„ activity series ู„ุงุฒู… ุงุนุฑู ุงู†ู‡ ููŠ

421
00:33:28,220 --> 00:33:32,500
ุดุบู„ุงุช ู…ุณู„ู… ููŠู‡ุง alkaline ูˆ alkaline ููˆู‚ ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน

422
00:33:32,500 --> 00:33:38,500
ูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุญุชู‡ุง ุงู„ metal ุงู„ solid metal ุจูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน

423
00:33:38,500 --> 00:33:46,140
ุงู„ ion ู„ุฃูŠ metal ุชุญุชู‡ ูุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุงุฐุง ุงู„ molecular

424
00:33:46,140 --> 00:33:53,920
equation ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุง solidุฒุงุฆุฏ FeCl2 ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุงู…

425
00:33:53,920 --> 00:33:58,620
Cl2 ุฒุงุฆุฏ Fe solid ุชูุงุนู„ ุจูŠุชูŠู† ุจุงู„ูุนู„ ุชูุงุนู„ ุจูŠุชูŠู†

426
00:33:58,620 --> 00:34:01,840
ุจุงู„ูุนู„ ู„ูˆ ุญุจูŠู†ุง ู†ุฌูŠุจ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุทุงู„ุจ ุงู„ complete

427
00:34:01,840 --> 00:34:05,740
ionic equation ู…ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุงู… solid ุฒุงุฆุฏ Fe2

428
00:34:05,740 --> 00:34:12,580
ุฃูƒูŠูˆุงุต ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู† Cl- ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุงูŠูˆู†ูŠ ุจูŠุฏูˆุจ ููŠ

429
00:34:12,580 --> 00:34:16,300
ุงู„ู…ูŠุงู†ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุงู… ุงู„ูƒู„ูˆุฑุงูŠุฉ ู…ูุฑูƒู‘ุจ ุงูŠูˆู†ูŠ ุจูŠุฏูˆุจ ููŠ

430
00:34:16,300 --> 00:34:19,260
ุงู„ู…ูŠู‘ู‡ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุงู… 2 plus ุฒุงุฆุฏ 2C ุงู„ู…ูŠู‘ู‡ ุฒุงุฆุฏ

431
00:34:19,260 --> 00:34:24,880
Iron solid ุจู†ุฌูŠ ู†ุชุทู„ุน ุงู„ .. ุฅูŠุด ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ

432
00:34:24,880 --> 00:34:29,500
ุงู„ุฌู‡ุชูŠู†ุŸ ุฃู‡ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ูƒู„ูˆุฑุงูŠุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ูƒู„ูˆุฑุงูŠุฉ ุฅุฐุง ุจุชุตูŠุฑ

433
00:34:29,500 --> 00:34:33,120
ุงู„ net ionic equation ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุงู… solid ุฒุงุฆุฏ Iron 2

434
00:34:33,120 --> 00:34:35,920
plus ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุงู… 2 plus ุฒุงุฆุฏ Iron solid

435
00:34:35,920 --> 00:34:39,140
ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฌู†ูŠุฒูŠุงู… ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุงู„ oxidation

436
00:34:39,140 --> 00:34:43,420
number ุตูุฑุตุงุฑ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุงุฐุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงูƒุณุงุฏ ุงูƒุณุงุฏ ูˆ

437
00:34:43,420 --> 00:34:47,460
ู‡ุฐุง ูˆุถุน ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ alkaline ูˆู‡ุฐุง alkaline ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„

438
00:34:47,460 --> 00:34:52,280
metal ุงู„ F e2 plus ุงูƒุชุณุจ ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠู† ูˆ ุญุตู„ ู„ู‡ ุงูƒุชุณุงุจ

439
00:34:52,280 --> 00:34:58,060
ุทูŠุจ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ which of the following metals will be

440
00:34:58,060 --> 00:35:02,860
oxidized by lead nitrate ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ lead nitrate

441
00:35:02,860 --> 00:35:06,120
ุงู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุงู‚ุฑุงูƒ ุชุดูˆู ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููˆู‚ ูˆ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุญุช

442
00:35:06,120 --> 00:35:10,000
ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูŠ zinc ูˆ copper ูˆ iron

443
00:35:25,640 --> 00:35:30,280
ุงู„ูƒุจุงุฑ ู…ุคูƒุฏ ุชุญุช ุงู„ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู†

444
00:35:34,150 --> 00:35:40,070
ูู„ูˆ ุฃุฌูŠุช ุจุฏูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุฑุชุจู‡ู… ุญุณุจ ุงู„ active series ูˆ

445
00:35:40,070 --> 00:35:44,430
ุนุงุฏุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนุทูŠู„ู†ุง ุณุทุฑูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ู…ุซู„ุง

446
00:35:44,430 --> 00:35:52,750
ุชุฑุชูŠุจู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ .. ุชุฑุชูŠุจู‡ู… ููŠ .. ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุŸ

447
00:35:54,280 --> 00:35:57,440
ุชุฑุชูŠุจู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ activity series ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุนุทูŠูƒ ุณุทุฑ ุณุทุฑูŠู†

448
00:35:57,440 --> 00:36:00,680
ูˆูŠู‚ูˆู„ูƒ ุงู‡ ูˆ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ูˆูŠู‚ูˆู„ูƒ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุฃู„ุฉ

449
00:36:00,680 --> 00:36:04,740
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ุดุฑุท ุงู†ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุญูุธูŠ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู†ุง ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู„ุฃ ู…ุด ุดุฑุท

450
00:36:04,740 --> 00:36:07,880
ุงู†ูƒ ุชุญูุธูŠู‡ู… ู…ุด ุดุฑุท ุงู†ูƒ ุชุญูุธูŠู‡ู… ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู…

451
00:36:07,880 --> 00:36:10,840
ุชูƒูˆู† ุนุงุฑู ุงู‡ ุงู„ alkali ูˆ ุงู„ alkaline ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู†

452
00:36:10,840 --> 00:36:14,890
ุงุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุชู‚ูˆู„ ุงู‡ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุจูŠุชูุงุนู„ุฃูˆ ุฅุฐุง

453
00:36:14,890 --> 00:36:17,130
ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุชุญุช ุงู„ hydrogen ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„

454
00:36:17,130 --> 00:36:19,650
coinage ู…ุซู„ุง ุฅุฐุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุดุบู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ุงุชู…ู‡ุง

455
00:36:19,650 --> 00:36:22,850
ู…ุนุงู„ุฌุฉ ููŠ ุฑุงุณูŠ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุชูุงุตูŠู„ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ magnesium ุฌุงุจ

456
00:36:22,850 --> 00:36:27,030
ุงู„ .. ุงู„ chrome ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ chrome ุฌุงุจ ู„ู„ zinc ุฃู†ุง

457
00:36:27,030 --> 00:36:34,910
ุนุงู…ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ co ู„ูƒู† ู…ุด ุดุฑุท ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุชุจุนูˆู‡ุง

458
00:36:34,910 --> 00:36:40,230
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชู…ุงู…ุง ูุทุจุนุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ zinc ูˆ ุงู„ iron ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†

459
00:36:40,230 --> 00:36:44,620
ููˆู‚ ุงู„ lead ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุจุชูุงุนู„ูˆุงู…ุน ุงู„ lead

460
00:36:44,620 --> 00:36:52,000
nitrate ุงู„ุฐู†ูƒ ูˆุงู„ุงูŠุฑูˆู† ุงูุฑุฌูŠู‡ุง ู„ูƒู… ู‡ุฐู‡

461
00:36:52,000 --> 00:36:58,160
ุงู„ lead ููˆู‚ ุงู„ head machine ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุฐู†ูƒ

462
00:36:58,160 --> 00:37:02,560
ู‡ุงูŠูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงู„ุงูŠุฑูˆู† ููˆู‚ู‡ ุงุฐุง ุงูƒูŠุฏ ุจุชูุงุนู„ูˆุง ู…ุน ุงู„

463
00:37:02,560 --> 00:37:06,100
lead nitrate ุงูƒูŠุฏ ุจุชูุงุนู„ูˆุง ู…ุน ุงู„ ุฏูŠ ุงูŠู‡ ู„ุงู†ู‡ ูƒู…ุงู†

464
00:37:06,100 --> 00:37:14,800
ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชู„ ู‡ุงูŠูˆ ูƒูˆูŠุณ ุงู„ู…ุชู„ ู‡ุงูŠูˆ ุงู„ุฐู†ูƒ ู‡ุงูŠูˆุทุจุนุง ุงู„

465
00:37:14,800 --> 00:37:20,540
led 2 plus ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ led 2 plus ุชุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน

466
00:37:20,540 --> 00:37:26,060
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ููŠุด ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุนุงุฏูŠุฉ ู„ูƒู† ู„ู…ุง ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู†ุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุงูŠ

467
00:37:26,060 --> 00:37:33,380
ุงู„ led ุงู„ led might rate ุงู†ุง ุจุฏูŠู‡ ู„ุฃ ู…ุงููŠุด ุนู†ุฏู‰

468
00:37:33,380 --> 00:37:39,340
led ุงุฐุง ูู‰ ุนู†ุฏู‰ cover solid ู‡ู„ ุงู„ led 2 plus ุชุญุชู‡

469
00:37:39,340 --> 00:37:44,410
ู„ุฃ ู…ุด ู‡ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุนุงู‡ู…ุด ู‡ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุนุงู‡ุง ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุตุญูŠุญ ..

470
00:37:44,410 --> 00:37:50,550
ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุตุญูŠุญ ููŠู…ุง ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ .. ููŠู…ุง ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ

471
00:37:50,550 --> 00:37:53,690
cover

472
00:37:53,690 --> 00:37:59,230
2 plus ุจุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ lead solid ุงู„ cover 2 plus

473
00:37:59,230 --> 00:38:03,430
ุจุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ lead solid ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ hydrogen ู‡ูŠ ุงู„

474
00:38:03,430 --> 00:38:08,250
lead ูƒูˆูŠุณุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ cover ูุงู„ cover 2 plus ุจุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน

475
00:38:10,360 --> 00:38:17,940
ุงู„ู€ I2 Plus ู„ุง ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Cover Solid ู„ุฃ

476
00:38:17,940 --> 00:38:22,720
ู‡ูˆ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ ู„ุชุญุช ุจุณ ุจุงู„ Solid ุงู„ Solid ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ

477
00:38:22,720 --> 00:38:28,260
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ููˆู‚ ู„ุชุญุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ Solid ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ Metal

478
00:38:28,260 --> 00:38:35,060
Ion ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุญุชู‡ ู…ุด ุจุงู„ุนูƒุณ ู…ุด ุงู„ Metal Ion ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง

479
00:38:35,060 --> 00:38:40,010
ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูŠู‡ูˆ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูƒ lead nitrate ุจูŠ ..

480
00:38:40,010 --> 00:38:43,070
ุจูŠ two plus ู…ุฏูุนุด ุชู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ู‡ lead nitrate ุจูŠุชูุงุนู„

481
00:38:43,070 --> 00:38:48,750
ู…ุน ูƒุจุฑ ู„ุฃ ู…ุด ู‡ูŠูƒ ูุงู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุงู„ solid ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุจูŠุชูุงุนู„

482
00:38:48,750 --> 00:38:52,350
ู…ุนุงู‡ ุงู„ metal ion ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุชุญุชู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ solid ุจูŠุญุตู„ู„ู‡

483
00:38:52,350 --> 00:38:55,930
ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ ู„ุฃู† ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุงู„ ease of oxidation ู„ูˆูŠู† ู„ููˆู‚

484
00:38:55,930 --> 00:39:00,070
ูุฏุงุฆู…ุง ุงู„ solid ุจูŠุญุตู„ู„ู‡ ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ ุจูŠุญุตู„ู„ู‡ ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ ูƒูŠูุŸ

485
00:39:00,070 --> 00:39:03,110
ุงู‡ ุฏุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุจูŠูู‚ุฏ ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ุงุช ู„ู€ ุงู„ metal

486
00:39:03,110 --> 00:39:08,310
ion ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุชุญุชู‡ ุทูŠุจุงู„ุงู† ู‡ู†ุชุฌู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ููŠ

487
00:39:08,310 --> 00:39:11,990
ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ูˆ ุฃุฌูˆุจุงุช ุฃู†ุง ู…ุญุถุฑู‡ุง ู„ูƒู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

488
00:39:11,990 --> 00:39:16,970
ู„ูƒู† ู‡ู„ุฌูŠุช ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ูƒู…ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ chapter ุชุจุนู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ

489
00:39:16,970 --> 00:39:20,590
ุจูŠุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ concentrations of solutions ุจุนุถ

490
00:39:20,590 --> 00:39:26,190
ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ุนุงูƒูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ .. ูŠุนู†ูŠ .. ุงู„

491
00:39:26,190 --> 00:39:32,230
watches ุงู„ .. ุงู„ูˆุงุฌุจ ูƒุงู†ุช ุชุชุนู„ู‚ ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ูุชูู‡ู…

492
00:39:32,230 --> 00:39:36,970
ุฃูŠุถุง ู‡ู„ุฌูŠุช ูƒูŠู ุจุชุชู… ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุนุงู„ุฌุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุนุจู†ู‚ูˆู„

493
00:39:36,970 --> 00:39:42,150
ุนู…ูˆู…ุง ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุจุนุฑู ุฃู†ู‡ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูˆู„

494
00:39:42,150 --> 00:39:46,130
ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ุŒ ุฅูŠู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฏุงุฆู…ุฉ ููŠ

495
00:39:46,130 --> 00:39:49,530
ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ุŸ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ุŒ ุฅูŠู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ

496
00:39:49,530 --> 00:39:51,590
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฏุงุฆู…ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ุŸ ููƒู„ ู…ุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

497
00:39:51,590 --> 00:39:56,370
ุฏุงุฆู…ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ุฃูƒุชุฑุŒ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุฃุนู„ู‰ุฃุญู†ุง

498
00:39:56,370 --> 00:40:00,010
ุนู…ูˆู…ุง ูƒู†ุงุณ ุจู†ุดุชุบู„ ููŠ ุงู„ keen ู†ุญุจ ู†ุนุจุฑ ุนู† ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ

499
00:40:00,010 --> 00:40:03,950
ุจุดูƒู„ quantitative ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒู…ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุนุฑู ุจุงู„ุธุจุท

500
00:40:03,950 --> 00:40:07,710
ุฌุฏุงุด ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ุดุบู„ู†ุง ูู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุนุฑู ุจุงู„ุธุจุท

501
00:40:07,710 --> 00:40:12,270
ุฌุฏุงุด ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ูุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฌุงู„ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ูˆุญุฏุงุช

502
00:40:12,270 --> 00:40:17,390
ู„ู„ุชุนุจูŠุฑ ุนู† ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ูู…ู† ุถู…ู† ุฃู‡ู… ุงู„ูˆุญุฏุงุช ู„ู„ุชุนุจูŠุฑ ุนู†

503
00:40:17,390 --> 00:40:20,010
ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ molarity ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุฉ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง

504
00:40:20,010 --> 00:40:23,990
ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ molarity ุงูŠุด ู‡ูŠุŸ ุฌุงู„ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุจุจุณุงุทุฉ

505
00:40:23,990 --> 00:40:34,120
ุฎุงู„ุต ุนุฏุฏู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุฐุงุจุฉ ููŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ุชุฑ ู…ู†

506
00:40:34,120 --> 00:40:38,940
ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูุฑุฌ ุจูŠูุฑุฌ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุตุทู„ุญ ูƒูˆูŠุณ ู‡ูˆ

507
00:40:38,940 --> 00:40:43,800
ุงู„ number of moles of solute dissolved in one

508
00:40:43,800 --> 00:40:49,560
liter of solution ู…ุซู„ุง ู„ูˆ ุจุฏู‡ ุงุญุถุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ molar

509
00:40:49,560 --> 00:40:56,680
sodium carbonateุจุฏู‰ ุฃุญุถุฑ ู„ุชุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุจุงุฎุฏ

510
00:40:56,680 --> 00:41:00,820
ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆู„ Sodium Carbonate ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุณุชุฉ ุฌุฑุงู… ู„ุฃู†

511
00:41:00,820 --> 00:41:04,580
ุงู„ formula weight ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุณุชุฉ ูู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุณุชุฉ ุฌุฑุงู… ุจุงุฎุฏ ูˆ

512
00:41:04,580 --> 00:41:09,520
ุจุญุทู‡ู… ููŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ูˆุนุฉ ุญุฌู…ู‡ ู„ุชุฑ ุจุงู„ุธุจุท ูˆ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุญุท ู…ูŠู‡ ูˆ

513
00:41:09,520 --> 00:41:14,380
ุฃุฏูˆู‘ุจ ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ู…ุง ุฃูˆุตู„ ุงู„ุญุฌู… ู„ุฅูŠู‡ ู„ ู„ุชุฑ ู…ุงู†ูุนุด ุฃุญุท

514
00:41:14,380 --> 00:41:18,880
ู…ุซู„ุง ุฃุฎุฏ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุณุชุฉ ุฌุฑุงู… ูˆ ุฃุญุท ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ู„ุชุฑ ู…ูŠู‡ ู„ุฃู†

515
00:41:18,880 --> 00:41:23,730
ู„ูˆ ุญุทูŠุช ู„ุชุฑ ู…ูŠู‡ุงู„ุญุฌู… ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏ liter ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ

516
00:41:23,730 --> 00:41:27,430
ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ sodium carbonate 106 gram ุงูƒุชุงุฑ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ุญูŠุซ

517
00:41:27,430 --> 00:41:33,830
ูƒุจูŠุฑ ูู‡ู†ู„ุงุญุธ ุงู† ุญุฌู… ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ sodium

518
00:41:33,830 --> 00:41:37,170
carbonate ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† liter ู„ุฃ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุด

519
00:41:37,170 --> 00:41:41,410
molarity ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุด molarity ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ molarity ุงู†ุง

520
00:41:41,410 --> 00:41:47,280
ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ู…ู†ุงู„ุณูˆู„ูŠูˆุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฐุงุฆุจุฉ ููŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ุชุฑ

521
00:41:47,280 --> 00:41:52,020
ุจุงู„ุธุจุท ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ ู‡ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู‚ู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ

522
00:41:52,020 --> 00:41:57,700
ู…ู† .. ุงู‚ู„ ู…ู† ู„ุชุฑ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุญุฌู… ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠ ุงูŠุด ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ุชุฑ

523
00:41:57,700 --> 00:42:02,500
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ู…ุด ุญุฌู… ุงู„ solvent ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุฉ

524
00:42:02,500 --> 00:42:07,680
ุงูˆ ุงู„ molarity ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† number of moles of

525
00:42:07,680 --> 00:42:12,630
solute dissolved in one liter of solutionุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ูŠ

526
00:42:12,630 --> 00:42:16,210
ุจูŠู‡ ุงู„ polarity ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ู…ูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„

527
00:42:16,210 --> 00:42:23,330
letter ูˆู‡ู†ุง ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ูู‡ู… ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุซู„ุง ู„ูˆ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุญุถุฑ

528
00:42:23,330 --> 00:42:27,590
point two five liter ู…ู† one molar solution ู…ู†

529
00:42:27,590 --> 00:42:32,610
ุงู„ูƒุจุงุฑ ุณุงู„ุชูŠู† ุจุงุฎุฏ .. ุจุงุฎุฏ .. ุงู†ุง ุจุญุถุฑ point two

530
00:42:32,610 --> 00:42:36,150
five liter ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏ molar ุจุงุฎุฏ ุฑุจุน ู…ูˆู„ุฉ ุฑุจุน ู…ูˆู„

531
00:42:36,150 --> 00:42:41,250
ุนููˆุง .. ุฑุจุน ู…ูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ ..ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุงู…ูŠุฑุง ุตุฑููŠู† ู„ูˆ ุดูˆูุช

532
00:42:41,250 --> 00:42:43,610
ุงู„ formula ูˆู‚ุช ุงู„ูƒุงู…ูŠุฑุง ุตุฑููŠู† ูˆ ู‚ุณู…ุชู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ

533
00:42:43,610 --> 00:42:47,650
ูุจูŠุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฏูุฉ ูุฃุฎุฏุช ุฑุจุน ู…ูˆู„ ูˆุฒู†ุช ุงู„ุฑุจุน ู…ูˆู„

534
00:42:47,650 --> 00:42:53,010
ุดูˆูุช ุฃูƒู…ุฌุฑุงู… ูˆ ูˆุฒู†ุชู‡ ูˆ ู†ู‚ู„ุชู‡ ุนู„ู‰ volumetric flask

535
00:42:53,010 --> 00:42:58,310
ุฎุตูˆุต ุจูŠุญุถุฑ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ ู„ู‡ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ

536
00:42:58,310 --> 00:43:02,090
ู…ุนูŠู† ูุงู†ุง ุจุงุฎุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุฑู…ุถุฉ ูˆ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ููŠู‡ ุฅูŠู‡ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุญุฒุจ

537
00:43:02,090 --> 00:43:05,830
ุญุชุดูˆููˆู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุชุจุงุชูุญุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุชุจุนุงุชู†ุง ูˆ ุญุทูŠู†ุง

538
00:43:05,830 --> 00:43:12,570
ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ูˆ ุฏูˆู‘ุจู†ุง ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ู…ุง ุญุตู„ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ 250 ู…ู„

539
00:43:12,570 --> 00:43:22,130
ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูˆู„ุฑ ูƒุจุฑ ุณู„ููŠุช ุทุจ ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู†ุชุทู„ุน ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ which

540
00:43:22,130 --> 00:43:26,190
is more concentrated ุงูŠู‡ ุณุงู„ูŠูˆุดู† prepared by

541
00:43:26,190 --> 00:43:29,590
dissolving 21 ุฌุฑุงู… ุณูˆุฏูŠุง ู…ู† ุงู„chloride ุงู„ูุฑู…ูˆู„ุฉ 1

542
00:43:29,590 --> 00:43:34,480
.2 ุฃูˆ 2.4 ุฃูˆ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุฃุฎุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠุนุฏุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุงุชู‡ ู†ุตู ู„ุฃู† ุนุฏุฏ

543
00:43:34,480 --> 00:43:44,680
ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ู‚ูˆู„ ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ gram ุนู„ู‰ formula win ูุนู†ุฏูŠ

544
00:43:44,680 --> 00:43:47,660
ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูˆุงุฑุจุนูŠู† ู†ุตู ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช

545
00:43:47,660 --> 00:43:52,020
ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ ู…ูˆู„ู‡ุง ุฏูŠ ู…ูˆู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนุดุงู† ุงู„ู…ู‚ูˆู„ ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ gram

546
00:43:52,020 --> 00:43:57,580
ุนู„ู‰ formula win ูุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงุชู†ูŠู†

547
00:43:57,580 --> 00:44:02,240
ูˆุงุฑุจุนูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ู†ุตู ู…ูˆู„enough water to make 500ml of

548
00:44:02,240 --> 00:44:05,840
solution ู…ูŠู† ุชู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุง ุฌุชุงุด ุงู„ molarity ุงู„

549
00:44:05,840 --> 00:44:11,100
molarity ูƒุงู†ุช ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู†ุต ุนู„ู‰

550
00:44:11,100 --> 00:44:21,660
ุงู„ุญุฌุจ ุจุงู„ ู„ุชุฑ ู†ุต ู„ุชุฑ ุงุฐุง ูˆุงุญุฏ molar ุทูŠุจ ู‡ุฐุง ุงูˆู„

551
00:44:21,660 --> 00:44:24,540
ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ุทุจ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู‚ุงุฑู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ a

552
00:44:24,540 --> 00:44:28,710
solution prepared by dissolvingุนุดุฑุฉ ูˆ ู†ุต ุฌุฑุงู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ

553
00:44:28,710 --> 00:44:33,290
ุฑุจุน ู…ูˆู„ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง of NAF in enough water to make

554
00:44:33,290 --> 00:44:38,150
hundred ml solution ุทุจ ุฌุฏุงุด ุงู„ molarity ู‡ูˆ ู…ุงุนุทูŠู†ูŠ

555
00:44:38,150 --> 00:44:41,470
ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ูˆ ู…ุงุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ุญุฌู… ุทุจ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ molarity

556
00:44:41,470 --> 00:44:45,270
ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠู‡ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠู‡ ุงู„ molarity

557
00:44:45,270 --> 00:44:51,270
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฑุจุน ุนู„ู‰ point one liter ู…ูŠุช ู…ู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠู‡

558
00:44:51,270 --> 00:44:56,440
point one liter ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ liter ุฃู„ู ู…ู„ูุงู„ meat meal

559
00:44:56,440 --> 00:45:00,420
ูŠุนู†ูŠ point one liter ูุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูˆ ู†ุต ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ

560
00:45:00,420 --> 00:45:06,620
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู†ุง more concentrated ุงู‡ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ุงุชู†ูŠู†

561
00:45:06,620 --> 00:45:10,480
ูˆ ู†ุต ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ุงู„ุงูˆู„ุงู† ูŠุฌุฏุงุด ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ุงุฐุง ุฌุจู†ุง

562
00:45:10,480 --> 00:45:15,600
ุงู„ู…ุฏุงู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุฃูˆู„ ุฌุจู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุฏุงู„ุฉ ู„ู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ูˆุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ

563
00:45:15,600 --> 00:45:21,340
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูˆ ู†ุต ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ุงูˆู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ

564
00:45:21,340 --> 00:45:26,470
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ more concentrated than ุงู„ุงูˆู„ู†ุฌูŠ ู†ุชุทู„ุน

565
00:45:26,470 --> 00:45:32,250
ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุซุงู„ ุชุงู†ูŠ ุจูŠุช ุงู„ูƒู„ ูŠุจุชุจู‡ ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุญุณุงุจุงุช

566
00:45:32,250 --> 00:45:37,190
ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ูˆูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ุฑูƒุฒ ููŠู‡ุง ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุจูŠุฌูŠูƒูŠ ููŠ

567
00:45:37,190 --> 00:45:40,650
ุงู„ุงู…ุชุญุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุฒูŠู‡ calculate the modality of a

568
00:45:40,650 --> 00:45:45,810
solution made by dissolving 23 ูˆ 4 ู…ู† 10 of sodium

569
00:45:45,810 --> 00:45:53,000
sulfate in enough water to form 125 mlุฎุฏูˆุง ุจุงู„ูƒู…

570
00:45:53,000 --> 00:46:00,900
ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุตุงู„ููŠุฉ ุงู„ููˆุฑู…ูˆู„ูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ 142 ุฎุฏูˆุง

571
00:46:00,900 --> 00:46:05,980
ุจุงู„ูƒู… ู‡ูˆ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ุดูŠุทุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุฑุงู…ุงุช ูˆุงู„ููˆุฑู…ูˆู„ูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

572
00:46:05,980 --> 00:46:12,140
ุจุชุฌูŠุจ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ู…ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุตุญูŠุญ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ู…ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุฌุฑุงู… ุน

573
00:46:12,140 --> 00:46:15,180
ุงู„ููˆุฑู…ูˆู„ูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ 24 ุนุงู„ู… ุจูŠู‡ุง 42 ุจุนุทูŠู†ุง point

574
00:46:15,180 --> 00:46:20,390
165ุฅุฐุง ุฎู„ุงุต ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู…ุง ุญุตู„ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ moles ูˆ ููŠ ุนูŠู†ูŠ

575
00:46:20,390 --> 00:46:24,390
ุงู„ุญุฌุจุŒ ู„ุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ moles point one six five mole ุนู„ู‰

576
00:46:24,390 --> 00:46:29,210
ุงู„ุญุฌุจ ุจุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุจุงู„ู„ุชุฑ point one two five ุนุทูŠู†ูŠ one

577
00:46:29,210 --> 00:46:34,050
point three two molar ุทูŠุจ ู…ุซุงู„ ุชุงู†ูŠ ุจู‚ูˆู„ calculate

578
00:46:34,050 --> 00:46:38,510
the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 5

579
00:46:38,510 --> 00:46:44,090
gram of glucose C6H12O6 ุงู„ูุฑู…ูˆู„ุฉ ูˆุงุช ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุชู…ุงู†ูŠู†

580
00:46:44,090 --> 00:46:48,250
ู…ุฑุจุน ุฃู†ุง ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุฌู…ูŠู„insufficient water to form

581
00:46:48,250 --> 00:46:52,890
exactly hundred mil of solution ุงู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูˆุฒู†ุฉ ุฎุฏูˆุง

582
00:46:52,890 --> 00:46:56,170
ุจุงู„ูƒู… ูŠุง ุจู†ุงุชูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุง ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุนู† ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู†

583
00:46:56,170 --> 00:46:59,170
ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุงู†ุนุฑูุด ุงูˆ ู…ุงู†ูู‡ู…ุด ูƒุชูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฅุฌุฑุงู…ุงุช ุงุญู†ุง

584
00:46:59,170 --> 00:47:03,230
ุจู†ูู‡ู… ููŠ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุนู„ุดุงู† ู‡ูŠ ูˆูŠู† ุจุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุฌุฑุงู…

585
00:47:03,230 --> 00:47:07,630
ููˆุฑุง ุจู‚ู‰ ุฃุญุณ ุจุญุณุงุณูŠุฉ ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃุญูˆู„ู‡ุง ููˆุฑุง ู„ู…ูˆู„ ูˆู‡ุฐุง

586
00:47:07,630 --> 00:47:11,290
ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุญู„ ูุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุฌุฑุงู… ุงู†ุง ู…ุงุชู…ุด ุฌุฑุงู…ุงุช

587
00:47:11,290 --> 00:47:16,650
ุจุชู…ูˆู„ุงุช ูุจูƒุณุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ููˆุฑู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุจุนุทูŠู†ูŠ 0.027Sุฅุฐุง

588
00:47:16,650 --> 00:47:21,830
ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชูŠู† ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ 0.0278 ู…ูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„

589
00:47:21,830 --> 00:47:27,170
letter ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ 0.278 0.1 letter ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ hundred

590
00:47:27,170 --> 00:47:36,550
ู…ู†ู‡ู… ูุจูŠุนุทูŠูŠู† 0.278 ูˆุงุถุญุฉุŸ ุทูŠุจ ู„ูˆ ุญุจูŠู†ุง ู†ุนุจุฑ ุนู†

591
00:47:36,550 --> 00:47:42,660
ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ู„ electrolyteุทุจุนุง ูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุญู†

592
00:47:42,660 --> 00:47:46,220
ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุง Electrolytes ุฃุตู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุง

593
00:47:46,220 --> 00:47:50,420
ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ุงูƒู†ุชุด Molecular ูู‡ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุบุงู„ุจุง

594
00:47:50,420 --> 00:47:54,040
Electrolytes ุณูˆุงุก ูƒุงู†ุช ุถุนูŠูุฉ ุฃูˆ ู‚ูˆูŠุฉ ู„ูƒู† ู†ุญู†

595
00:47:54,040 --> 00:47:58,080
ุจุชุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ุง strong Electrolytes ูƒูŠู ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุนุจุฑ ุนู†

596
00:47:58,080 --> 00:48:04,080
ุงู„ polarity ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ู„ Electrolyte ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุซู„ุง ู„ูˆ

597
00:48:04,080 --> 00:48:07,720
ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูˆู„ุฑ NaCl

598
00:48:09,270 --> 00:48:16,250
ุจู‚ูˆู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ molar NaCl ู‡ูŠ NaCl ูŠุนู†ูŠ Na plus ูˆC ุงู„

599
00:48:16,250 --> 00:48:22,790
minus ูˆุงุญุฏ molar ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ molar Na plus ูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ

600
00:48:22,790 --> 00:48:28,490
molar C ุงู„ minus ู„ูŠุด ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู…ุŸ ูƒุงู† ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ NaCl

601
00:48:28,490 --> 00:48:33,970
ูƒู„ mole ู…ู† ุงู„ NaCl ุฃูƒู…ู„ Sodium ููŠู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุฐุง ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ

602
00:48:33,970 --> 00:48:37,900
Sodium ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ูุณ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ Sodium ุงู„chlorideุทูŠุจ

603
00:48:37,900 --> 00:48:44,540
ูˆ ุงู„ NACL ูƒู„ ู…ูˆู„ NACL ุฃูƒู…ู„ ูƒู„ูˆุฑุงูŠุช ููŠู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฅุฐุง

604
00:48:44,540 --> 00:48:48,220
ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ูƒู„ูˆุฑุงูŠุช ู‡ูˆ ู†ูุณ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ูƒู„ูˆุฑุงูŠุช ูู„ูˆ

605
00:48:48,220 --> 00:48:51,560
ู†ูƒูˆู† ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ูƒู„ูˆุฑุงูŠุช ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุฑ ุฅุฐุง ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ

606
00:48:51,560 --> 00:48:55,520
ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุฑ ูˆุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ูƒู„ูˆุฑุงูŠุช ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุฑ ุทูŠุจ

607
00:48:55,520 --> 00:49:04,360
ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฒูŠู‡ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุตุฑููŠู‡

608
00:49:05,340 --> 00:49:10,320
point one molar sodium sulfate point one molar

609
00:49:10,320 --> 00:49:13,920
sodium sulfate ูุงุจุฏ ุฃุนุฑู ..ุงุจุฏ ุฃุนุจุฑ ุนู† ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ

610
00:49:13,920 --> 00:49:17,220
ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ุฃูŠูˆู†ุงุช ุชุจุนุชูŠ ุงู„ electrolyte ูุจู‚ูˆู„ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡

611
00:49:17,220 --> 00:49:21,640
ูƒู„ ู…ูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ sodium sulfate ุฃูƒุช ู…ูˆู„ sodium

612
00:49:21,640 --> 00:49:25,860
ูุงู„ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุฅุฐุง ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ sodium ุถุนู ุถุนู ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„

613
00:49:25,860 --> 00:49:30,680
sodium sulfate ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ู†ูู‡ู…ู‡ุง ูƒุฏู‡ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ

614
00:49:30,680 --> 00:49:35,150
ูˆุงุญุฏ molar sodium sulfateุทุจ ูƒู„ more ู…ู† ุงู„ sodium

615
00:49:35,150 --> 00:49:39,350
sulfate ุงูƒู… more sodium ููŠ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงุฐุง ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„

616
00:49:39,350 --> 00:49:44,510
sodium ุถุนู ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ sodium sulfate ุทุจ ูƒู„ more

617
00:49:44,510 --> 00:49:49,150
sodium sulfate ุงูƒู… more sulfate ููŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุฐุง ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ

618
00:49:49,150 --> 00:49:52,790
ุงู„ .. ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ sulfate ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ sodium

619
00:49:52,790 --> 00:49:56,390
sulfate ุงู„ sulfate ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ sodium sulfate

620
00:49:56,390 --> 00:50:00,060
ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุงู† ุงุฐุง ุงู„ sulfate ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุงู†ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุตุฑููŠุช

621
00:50:00,060 --> 00:50:03,480
ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุฑ ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ูˆู„ุฑ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู…

622
00:50:03,480 --> 00:50:11,960
ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒู‡ ุถุนู ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุตุฑููŠุช ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงุญู†ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู…

623
00:50:11,960 --> 00:50:17,760
ุนู† ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒุงุช ุฅุฐุง ุญุจูŠู†ุง ู†ุนุจุฑ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุจุงู„ุฃูŠูˆู† ูู…ุซู„ุง

624
00:50:17,760 --> 00:50:22,640
ู†ุทู„ุน ู‡ุงู† ู‡ูŠุดูˆ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ what's the molar concentration

625
00:50:22,640 --> 00:50:28,300
of each ion present in A0.025 molar solution of

626
00:50:28,300 --> 00:50:34,580
calcium nitrate ู‡ู‰ ุงู„ calcium nitrate ู‚ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุฏุงุดุŸ

627
00:50:34,580 --> 00:50:43,020
0.025 molar ุญุฏ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ู„ูŠ ูƒู„ mole ู…ู† ุงู„ calcium

628
00:50:43,020 --> 00:50:46,540
nitrate ุฃูƒู…ูˆู„ calcium ููŠู‡ุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุฐุง ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„

629
00:50:46,540 --> 00:50:49,400
calcium nitrate ุจุณูˆุก ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ calcium ุงูˆ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„

630
00:50:49,400 --> 00:50:51,860
calcium ุจุณูˆุก ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ calcium nitrate ู‡ุฏู‰ ูˆุงุญุฏ

631
00:50:51,860 --> 00:50:54,600
mole ู‡ุฏู‰ ูˆุงุญุฏ mole ุทุจ ูƒู„ mole ู…ู† ุงู„ calcium

632
00:50:54,600 --> 00:51:03,520
nitrateุฃูƒู… ู…ูˆู„ ู…ูŠุชุฑูŠุช ููŠู‡ุŸ ุงุซู†ุงุก ุงูƒู… ู…ูˆู„ ูƒู„ ู…ูˆู„ ู…ู†

633
00:51:03,520 --> 00:51:07,660
ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ู…ูŠุชุฑูŠุช ุงูƒู… ู…ูˆู„ ู…ูŠุชุฑูŠุช ููŠู‡ุŸ ุงุฐุง ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ

634
00:51:07,660 --> 00:51:10,900
ุงู„ู…ูŠุชุฑูŠุช ุถุนูŠู ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ู…ูŠุชุฑูŠุช ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู†

635
00:51:10,900 --> 00:51:14,380
ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ู…ูŠุชุฑูŠุช point 0.25 ุงู„ู…ูŠุชุฑูŠุช ุถุนู ุงุซู†ูŠู† ููŠ

636
00:51:14,380 --> 00:51:19,340
point 0.25 ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุดูˆูู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„

637
00:51:19,340 --> 00:51:26,500
ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ู…ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ point 0.25ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ู†ูŠุชุฑูŠุงุช

638
00:51:26,500 --> 00:51:31,360
ุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ุงู„ู†ูŠุชุฑูŠุงุช ูƒุงู†ุช

639
00:51:31,360 --> 00:51:37,340
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ููŠ 0.025 ุณุงูˆุฉ 0.05 ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ู„ุงู† ูƒู„ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ู…ู†

640
00:51:37,340 --> 00:51:39,920
ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ู†ูŠุชุฑูŠุงุช ุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ู…ู†

641
00:51:39,920 --> 00:51:44,120
ุงู„ู†ูŠุชุฑูŠุงุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ู†ูŠุชุฑูŠุงุช ุถุนูŠู ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ

642
00:51:44,120 --> 00:51:47,240
ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ู†ูŠุชุฑูŠุงุช ุทูŠุจ ููŠ ุจูŠู‡ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ the molar

643
00:51:47,240 --> 00:51:52,830
concentration of potassium ions in 0.015Molar

644
00:51:52,830 --> 00:51:58,470
solution of potassium carbonate ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒุชุจ ูƒุฑู…ูŠุฉ ุทุจ

645
00:51:58,470 --> 00:52:02,330
ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ููŠ ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ูƒุฑุจูˆู†ูŠุช ุฌุฏ ู…ุด ุถุนู

646
00:52:02,330 --> 00:52:06,110
ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ูƒุฑุจูˆู†ูŠุช ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ุถุนู

647
00:52:06,110 --> 00:52:09,610
ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ูƒุฑุจูˆู†ูŠุช ู„ุฃู† ูƒู„ ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง

648
00:52:09,610 --> 00:52:14,720
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู…ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ู‡ููŠ ุนู†ุฏ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆู„

649
00:52:14,720 --> 00:52:18,620
ู‡ููŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ูˆู„ ุงุฐุง ุนุฏุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ุถุนูŠู

650
00:52:18,620 --> 00:52:22,080
ุนุฏุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ุณู„ูุชูู‡ ุจุชุงู„ูŠ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู…

651
00:52:22,080 --> 00:52:29,540
ุถุนูŠู ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุจูˆุชุงุณูŠูˆู… ูƒุฑุจูˆู†ูŠุช ู…ุงุดูŠ ูŠุง ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ ูƒูŠู

652
00:52:29,540 --> 00:52:34,580
ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญูˆู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ูˆุญุฏุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชุนู„ู…ู†ุงู‡ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ molarity

653
00:52:34,580 --> 00:52:40,170
ู…ูˆู„ ูˆูƒู…ุงู† ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง grams ู…ูˆู„ูŠูˆู… ูƒูŠู ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญูˆู„ู…ุง ุจูŠู†

654
00:52:40,170 --> 00:52:44,790
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูˆุญุฏุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู† ู†ุดูˆู ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูŠ a solution

655
00:52:44,790 --> 00:52:50,610
of nitric acid is 0.2 molar find the number of

656
00:52:50,610 --> 00:52:58,110
moles in 2 liter ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุงุชู†ูŠู† liter ูู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูˆู„

657
00:52:58,110 --> 00:53:04,630
ู‡ุฐุง ูุจุชุนุฑู ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฌุฏุงุด ููŠู‡ู… ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุจุงู„ู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง

658
00:53:04,630 --> 00:53:09,360
ููŠ ุงู„ุญุณุงุจุงุช ุชุจุนุชู†ุง ู…ุงููŠุด ุนูŠู†ู†ุง ุงู„ุงุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจุณ

659
00:53:09,360 --> 00:53:14,260
ู…ุฌุณู…ุฉ ู„ุฌุณู…ูŠู†ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ number of molesุŒ ูุงู„ moles ูŠุง

660
00:53:14,260 --> 00:53:18,120
ุฅู…ุง ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุงู„ููˆุฑู…ูˆู„ูˆูŠุฉุŒ ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง ุงู„ moles

661
00:53:18,120 --> 00:53:24,110
ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ polarityูู‰ ุงู„ volume ุจุณ ู‡ู‰ ู‡ุฏูˆู„

662
00:53:24,110 --> 00:53:28,590
ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุชูŠู† ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุจุญู„ูˆุง ูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุฆู„ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุชูŠู†

663
00:53:28,590 --> 00:53:30,790
ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุจุญู„ูˆุง ูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุฆู„ ูŠุนู†ู‰ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุง ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡

664
00:53:30,790 --> 00:53:33,570
ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุจู†ุชูƒ ู…ูˆู„ ุจุดูŠู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ graph ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุจู†ุชูƒ

665
00:53:33,570 --> 00:53:35,790
graph ุจุดูŠู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ volume ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุจู†ุชูƒ volume ุจุดูŠู‡ุง

666
00:53:35,790 --> 00:53:38,190
ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฑูƒุฉ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุจู†ุชูƒ volume ุจุดูŠู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุฃูˆ

667
00:53:38,190 --> 00:53:42,420
ู…ู† ุงู„ molesู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจุณ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญู„ูˆุง ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ูุงู†ุช ููŠ

668
00:53:42,420 --> 00:53:44,920
ุงู„ุญุณุงุจุงุช ุญุชู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ stoichiometry ููŠ ุงู„ุดุจูƒุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

669
00:53:44,920 --> 00:53:48,640
ุฃุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ุง ุณุงุจู‚ุง ุจุณ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ .. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุชูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ

670
00:53:48,640 --> 00:53:52,340
ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุชุนู„ู…ู‡ู… ูƒูŠู ู†ุฌูŠุจ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ู‚ุงู„ ุจู†ุฌูŠุจู‡ ุจุฃุญุฏ

671
00:53:52,340 --> 00:53:55,600
ุทุฑูŠู‚ุชูŠู† ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง gram ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ formula weight ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง

672
00:53:55,600 --> 00:53:59,320
molarity ุงู„ volume ุจุณ ู…ุงููŠุด ุบูŠุงุฑ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู…ุง ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ุฃูŠ

673
00:53:59,320 --> 00:54:03,760
ุดูŠุก ุขุฎุฑ ุบูŠุฑ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุชู†ุชูŠู† ุจุณ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจุนุฏุงู„ุชูŠู† ุงู„ุตุบุงุฑ ู

674
00:54:03,760 --> 00:54:05,720
ุงู„ number of moles ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง gram ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ formula

675
00:54:05,720 --> 00:54:10,620
weight ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง molarity ุงู„ volume ูู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู†ุทู„ุนู‡ุงุงู„ู…ูˆู„

676
00:54:10,620 --> 00:54:17,960
ู‡ูˆ ู…ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ volume ูˆู…ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ molarity ูุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡

677
00:54:17,960 --> 00:54:22,540
ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑุชูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ู…ู„ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ HNO3 ูƒุงู†

678
00:54:22,540 --> 00:54:28,060
ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑุชูŠ ู„ู„ู€ HNO3 ูƒูˆูŠุณ ู…ุถุฑูˆุจุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ volume ูŠุจู‚ู‰ 0.4

679
00:54:28,060 --> 00:54:33,920
ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑุชูŠ ููŠ volumeูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญู„ูˆุง ูƒู„

680
00:54:33,920 --> 00:54:36,700
ุงู„ู…ุณุงุฆู„ุŒ ูƒู„ ู…ุณุงุฆู„ ุงู„ู€ StoichiometryุŒ ูƒู„ ู…ุณุงุฆู„

681
00:54:36,700 --> 00:54:39,640
ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ุงุชุŒ ุฅุฐุง ุนู†ุฏูƒ ู…ุงุฏุฉุŒ ุนู†ุฏูƒ ุชูุงุนู„ุŒ ุจุณ ู‡ุฏูˆู„

682
00:54:39,640 --> 00:54:42,900
ุงู„ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญู„ูˆุง ูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุฆู„ุŒ ูู…ุง ุจุฏูƒูŠุด ุชุญูุธ

683
00:54:42,900 --> 00:54:47,800
ูˆ ู„ุง ุจุฏูƒ ุชุฎุฑุจุท ููŠ ุงู„ุญุณุงุจุงุชุŒ ููŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ุญุงุฌุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ุฏู‡

684
00:54:47,800 --> 00:54:51,340
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุญูˆุถ ู„ู‡ ุนุฏุฏุŒ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุถุฑุจู‡

685
00:54:51,340 --> 00:54:55,000
ููŠ ุนุฏุฏ ุฃูุฌุงุฑุŒ ุฏู‡ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ุง ุณุงุจู‚ุงุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู†ูุณ

686
00:54:55,000 --> 00:54:57,160
ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู…ุŒ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู…ู†ุดุฃุŸ ุงู„ู…ู†ุดุฃ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ุญู„ ุนูŠู†ุงู‡ ู…ู†

687
00:54:57,160 --> 00:55:00,960
ุงู„ู…ูˆุฒุŸ ุฃุณุงุณ ุงู„ุญู„ ุนูŠู†ุงู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฒุŒ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุชููŠ ุนุฏุฏ

688
00:55:00,960 --> 00:55:04,160
ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง ุชุฌุฑุญู‡ุง ุงู„ููˆุฑู…ูˆู„ูˆูŠุฉ ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง

689
00:55:04,160 --> 00:55:08,580
ุงู„ู€Molarity ุงู„ููˆู„ูŠูˆู… ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ุนุฏุฏ ุฃุจูˆ ุฌุงุฏุฑ ู…ู†

690
00:55:08,580 --> 00:55:12,680
ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฒุฑุณุชู†ุงู‡ุง ุทุจ ู…ุงุดูŠ ู†ุชุทู„ุน

691
00:55:12,680 --> 00:55:18,440
ุงู„ููˆู„ูŠูˆู… ู„ู€ 0.3 ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ู†ูŠุชุฑูŠูƒ ุฃุณุฏ needed to supply

692
00:55:18,440 --> 00:55:22,300
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ูˆู„ ูู…ุนุทูŠูƒูŠ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ูˆู…ุนุทูŠูƒูŠ ุงูŠู‡

693
00:55:22,300 --> 00:55:26,900
ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชูŠ ุทุจ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนูˆุฏ ุงู„ููˆู„ูŠูˆู… ุจุงู„ู„ูŠุชุฑ ู…ูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰

694
00:55:26,900 --> 00:55:30,130
ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชูŠ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุงุงู„ู€ Volume ุจุงู„ู„ุชุฑ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€

695
00:55:30,130 --> 00:55:33,330
Mol ุญุทูŠู†ุง ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ุชุญูŠุท ูู‡ูŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ู…ุงููŠุด

696
00:55:33,330 --> 00:55:36,310
ุบูŠุฑู‡ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุงุนุทูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฌุงุชูŠู‡ุด ูˆู…ุนุทูŠู‡

697
00:55:36,310 --> 00:55:38,750
ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡

698
00:55:38,750 --> 00:55:39,330
ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡

699
00:55:39,330 --> 00:55:39,570
ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡

700
00:55:39,570 --> 00:55:39,690
ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡

701
00:55:39,690 --> 00:55:46,610
ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡

702
00:55:46,610 --> 00:55:52,910
ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชู‡ ู…ูˆู„

703
00:55:55,740 --> 00:55:59,260
ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุชูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญู„ูˆู„ูƒ ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ู„ูŠุด

704
00:55:59,260 --> 00:56:02,520
ุจุฏูƒูŠุด ุชุนุฑู ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุฌู…ู„ุชูŠู† ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†

705
00:56:02,520 --> 00:56:07,020
ุจุนุทูŠูƒ ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุชูŠู† ูˆ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูƒ ู‡ุงุช ุงู„ุชุงู„ุชุฉ ู…ุด ููŠู‡ุง ุดุทุงุฑุฉ

706
00:56:07,020 --> 00:56:10,900
ุฃูˆ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ุช ูƒู…ุงู† ุจุณ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ chapter .. ููŠ

707
00:56:10,900 --> 00:56:13,280
chapter ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ if we want to get a number of

708
00:56:13,280 --> 00:56:17,340
species ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุช ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุถุฑู… ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฏ

709
00:56:17,340 --> 00:56:20,880
ููŠ ุนุฏุฏ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุทุจ ู†ุทู„ุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ how many grams of

710
00:56:20,880 --> 00:56:24,080
sodium sulfate are needed to make

711
00:56:32,370 --> 00:56:36,890
ุจุณ ู…ุงููŠุด ุญู„ ุบูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุงูŠุด ููŠ ุจุงู„ูŠุŸ ุนุฏุฏ

712
00:56:36,890 --> 00:56:42,510
ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุฌุฏ ุงูŠุดุŸ ุจุงู„ุธุจุท

713
00:56:42,510 --> 00:56:48,250
ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุชู‡ูˆ ุงูŠุด ุทุงู„ุจ ู…ู†ู‡ุงุŸ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงูŠุงุช ู‡ูŠู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ

714
00:56:48,250 --> 00:56:50,130
ุงู†ุง ุงุฌุฑุนู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ formula weight ู‡ู„ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุงุจุนุทูŠู†ูŠ

715
00:56:50,130 --> 00:56:53,010
ุงุฌุฑุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ formula weightุŸ ู‡ูˆ ุงู‡ ุทุจ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงูŠุงุช

716
00:56:53,010 --> 00:56:55,490
ู‡ูŠู‡ุง ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑุชูŠ ุงู„ volume ู‡ูŠู‡ุง ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑุชูŠ ุงู„ volume

717
00:56:55,490 --> 00:56:59,030
ูุงุฌูŠุจ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงูŠุงุช ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุญูˆู„ู‡ุง ุจุถุฑุจ ุงู„ formula

718
00:56:59,030 --> 00:57:03,830
weight ุงุฐุง ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ุงุทู„ุนุชุด ุนู† ุทุงู‚ ุดุบู„ู†ุง ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงูŠุงุช

719
00:57:03,830 --> 00:57:08,290
ู‡ูŠู‡ ู…ุงุจุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ volume ูˆู…ุงุจุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ molarity ุงุฐุง

720
00:57:08,290 --> 00:57:12,670
ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงูŠุงุช ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ molarity ููŠ ุงู„ volume

721
00:57:12,670 --> 00:57:19,440
ุจุงู„ literุจุนุทูŠู†ุง 0.175 ู…ุฏุฑุฌ ุจุชุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ู„ุฌุฑุงู…

722
00:57:19,440 --> 00:57:22,160
ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ููŠ ุงู„ formula weight ู„ุฌุฑุงู… ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ

723
00:57:22,160 --> 00:57:27,520
ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ููŠ ุงู„ formula weight ุงู†ุชู‡ูŠู†ุง ู†ุจุฏุฃ ู†ุญุถุฑ ุงูŠ

724
00:57:27,520 --> 00:57:31,060
ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ุงูˆู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจุชุฌูŠุจ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู†

725
00:57:31,060 --> 00:57:37,020
ู†ุถุฑุจ ููŠ ุงู„ formula weight ุจุนุทูŠู†ุง ู„ุฌุฑุงู…ุงุช ุทูŠุจ ู†ุฐู‡ุจ

726
00:57:37,020 --> 00:57:41,080
ู†ุดูˆู ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุณุฃู„ุฉ ูˆ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุฑูƒุฒูˆุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุนุฑูุชู‡ู… ุงูŠุด

727
00:57:41,080 --> 00:57:45,280
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ุนุฏุฏ ุงูุงุฌุงุชู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุกุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช

728
00:57:45,280 --> 00:57:47,960
ุฌุฑุงู…ุน ุงู„ููˆุฑู…ูˆู„ูŠุฉ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ู…ุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ู„ุชุฑ

729
00:57:47,960 --> 00:57:51,680
ุงู†ุชู‡ูŠู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญู„ู„ ุงูŠ ู…ุณุฃู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู†ูŠุง

730
00:57:51,680 --> 00:57:55,680
ุชุชุนู„ู‚ ุจุงู„ุณุชูˆูƒูŠูˆู…ุชุฑุง ุงูˆ ุจู…ุนุงุฏู„ุงุช ุงูˆ ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ู…ุด

731
00:57:55,680 --> 00:57:58,940
equilibrium ุงูŠ ุดูŠุก ู…ุด ุงุชุฒุงู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ

732
00:57:58,940 --> 00:58:02,520
ุจุชุญู„ู„ู‡ ู†ุทู„ุนู‡ุง ู„ูˆ ุฌูˆุง how many grams of sodium

733
00:58:02,520 --> 00:58:06,580
sulfate are there in 15 ml of 0.5 molar sodium

734
00:58:06,580 --> 00:58:10,960
sulfate ุญู„ูˆ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ู‡ูˆ ุจุฏู‡ how many grams ..

735
00:58:10,960 --> 00:58:14,580
ุงู†ุช ุนุงุฑู ุงูŠุด ุงู†ุง ุจุฏู‡ ุงุฌูŠุจุŸุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุฒ ูƒูŠู ุจุชุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุฒุŸ

736
00:58:14,580 --> 00:58:18,240
ู…ู† ู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‡ุง ูŠุง ู…ู† ู‡ุง ุทุจ ู‡ูˆ ู…ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ molarity ูˆ

737
00:58:18,240 --> 00:58:21,100
volume ุฅุฐุง ุฃู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุจุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุฒ molarity ูˆ

738
00:58:21,100 --> 00:58:25,160
volume ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ molarity ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ letter A

739
00:58:25,160 --> 00:58:28,600
ูุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง 7.5ร—10โณ ุฏู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฒ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฌูŠุจ

740
00:58:28,600 --> 00:58:32,020
ุงู„ุฅุฌุฑุงู…ุงุช ุจุถุฑุจ ููŠ 142 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ formula wet

741
00:58:32,020 --> 00:58:37,350
ู„ู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ุณุงู„ููŠู† ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฅุฌุฑุงู…ุงุช ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุทูŠุจุทุงู„ุจ

742
00:58:37,350 --> 00:58:40,350
ุจู€ how many milliliters of 0.5 molar sodium

743
00:58:40,350 --> 00:58:45,390
sulfate solution are needed to provide 0.038 mole

744
00:58:45,390 --> 00:58:49,790
of this salt ู…ุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏ ูˆู…ุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฑุชูŠู†

745
00:58:49,790 --> 00:58:54,210
ู…ุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏ ูˆู…ุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฑุชูŠู† ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุญุณุจ ุงูŠู‡

746
00:58:54,210 --> 00:59:01,590
how many mil ุฎุฏูˆุง ุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุญุณุจ ุงู„ volume ู„ุงุฒู…

747
00:59:01,590 --> 00:59:07,580
ู…ุงููŠุด ุดูŠููŠุด ุฃูŠ ู…ุณุงุฆู„ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุนุทูŠูƒ ุญุงุฌุฉ ูŠุงู…ู†

748
00:59:07,580 --> 00:59:13,460
ุงู„ุญุงู„ ู…ู† ู‡ุงู† ู„ุงู…ู† ู‡ุงู† ููŠุด ุญุงู„ ุชุงู„ุช ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠุง ููŠุด ุญุงู„

749
00:59:13,460 --> 00:59:16,940
ุชุงู„ุช ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠุง ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุงู…ู† ููˆู‚ ูŠุงู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ูŠุงู…ู† ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ

750
00:59:16,940 --> 00:59:20,200
ูู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุทูŠูƒ ุนู†ุงุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฏ ูˆูŠุนุทูŠูƒ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฏ ูŠุจุฏูˆ ุงู„

751
00:59:20,200 --> 00:59:24,560
volume ุจุณ ุจุฏูˆุด ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ letter ุงู†ุง ุฌุงู„ ู…ู…ูƒู†

752
00:59:24,560 --> 00:59:28,840
ุงุนูˆุถ ูˆุงู†ุช ุจุตุฑุงุญุฉ ุจุชุญุจู‡ ู…ุด ู‡ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ุงู„ volume

753
00:59:28,840 --> 00:59:34,230
ุจุงู„ letter ุทุจ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุญุตู„ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุงุงู„ู…ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆู„

754
00:59:34,230 --> 00:59:40,990
ูƒุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ู…ู„ู„ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู„ูˆ

755
00:59:40,990 --> 00:59:44,670
ุญุจูŠุชู‡ ู…ุญุจูŠุชูˆุด ุงุนูˆุถู‡ ู…ุฌุฑุฏุง ุดูˆููˆุง ุนุฑุถ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ูˆู‡ูŠ

756
00:59:44,670 --> 00:59:48,290
ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชูŠ ุจุญุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ volume ุจุณ ุชู‚ู„ุจูˆู‡ ุจุงู„ู„ุชุฑ ููŠ

757
00:59:48,290 --> 00:59:53,970
ุงู„ู ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุงุดุชุบู„ุช ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู„ูˆ ุญุทูŠุช ู…ู„ูŠ ู‡ุงู† ูˆู…ู„ูŠ ู‡ุงู†

758
00:59:53,970 --> 00:59:59,620
ูุงู„ู…ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆู„ ุชุถุฑุจ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ูุงู„ู…ุฏุงุฑุชูŠ ู…ุนุงู†ุง ุจุชุทู„ุน

759
00:59:59,620 --> 01:00:02,960
ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ู…ู„ุŒ ุจุณ ู‡ูŠ ุจู„ุงุด ู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒุŒ

760
01:00:02,960 --> 01:00:06,140
ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุจุชุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุฏุงูŠู…ุง ุทู„ุนูˆู‡ุง ุจุงู„

761
01:00:06,140 --> 01:00:09,040
letter ูˆ ุถุฑุจูˆู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุนู…ู„ุชูˆุง ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู…ุด

762
01:00:09,040 --> 01:00:12,960
ุบู„ุทุŒ ู„ูˆ .. ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ุชูˆุง ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆู„ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏุงุฑุชูŠ

763
01:00:12,960 --> 01:00:16,280
ููŠ ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ู…ู„ุŒ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู…ุŒ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุŒ ู…ุงููŠุด

764
01:00:16,280 --> 01:00:21,860
ููŠู‡ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉูู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุงู„ milliliters ู…ู† ุงู„ sodium

765
01:00:21,860 --> 01:00:24,480
sulfate ุณูˆุงุก ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฏุงุฑุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡

766
01:00:24,480 --> 01:00:29,280
ู…ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠ ู‡ู‡ ู‡ูŠ ู†ุดุชุบู„ู‡ุง ู…ู„ูŠ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠ ู…ุด ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ

767
01:00:29,280 --> 01:00:32,620
ู„ุฃู† ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนุดุฑุฉ ุฃุณุงู„ุฉ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ูุงู„ุฑุจ ู†ู‡ุงุฑุฉ

768
01:00:32,620 --> 01:00:35,020
ุทุงู„ุน ุฑูุน ุนุดุฑุฉ ุฃุณุงู„ุฉ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุทุงู„ุน ุฑูุน ุนุดุฑุฉ ุฃุณุงู„ุฉ

769
01:00:35,020 --> 01:00:39,580
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู„ูŠ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู„ูŠ ูู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุฑูุนู‡ู… ู‡ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุณูŠุฆุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

770
01:00:39,580 --> 01:00:40,900
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

771
01:00:43,780 --> 01:00:46,960
ูุจู†ุนูˆุถ ุนู† ุงู„ model ูˆ ู…ู† ุนูˆุถ ุนู† ุงู„ modality ุจูŠุทู„ุน

772
01:00:46,960 --> 01:00:59,760
ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุงู„ุฃู‡ู… ุนู† ุงู„ dilution ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„

773
01:00:59,760 --> 01:01:02,980
ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุฃุบู„ุจ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ู†ุดุชุฑูŠู‡ุง ู…ู†

774
01:01:02,980 --> 01:01:08,600
ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุงุช ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุญุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒุฉ ุนู„ุดุงู† ุทุจุนุง

775
01:01:08,600 --> 01:01:14,110
ุชูˆูุฑุดุญู† ูˆุบูŠุฑู‡ ู„ุฃู† ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูŠู„ ู…ุฎููุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ุง

776
01:01:14,110 --> 01:01:17,650
ู…ูŠู‡ ูˆููŠู‡ุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ .. ู„ุฃ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ู…ูƒู„ูุฉ ูุนุงุฏุฉ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุดุชุฑูŠ

777
01:01:17,650 --> 01:01:22,270
ุงู…ุง ุดุบู„ุงุช ุตู„ุจุฉ ุงูˆ ู…ุญู„ูŠู„ ุงุฌู…ุงู„ู‡ุง ู…ุฑูƒุฒุฉ ูุจู†ู‚ูˆุณ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง

778
01:01:22,270 --> 01:01:28,310
ุงู†ุฎูู ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูŠู„ ุชุจุนุชู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุฎููŠู ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ููŠ

779
01:01:28,310 --> 01:01:32,570
ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุณู‡ู„ุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุฎููŠู ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุณู‡ู„ุฉ

780
01:01:32,570 --> 01:01:40,730
ุฌุฏุง ูู…ุซู„ุง ุนู„ู‰ ูุฑุถ ุงู† ุงุญู†ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุญุถุฑ 250 ู…ู„250 ู…ู„

781
01:01:40,730 --> 01:01:46,070
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฑุจุน ู„ุชุฑ ูˆ 0.1 ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ูƒุจุฑ ุณู„ูุงุช solution ุจู†ุง

782
01:01:46,070 --> 01:01:50,750
ู†ุญุถุฑ 250 ู…ู„ ู…ู† ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู† 0.1 ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ูƒุจุฑ ุณู„ูุงุช

783
01:01:50,750 --> 01:01:55,970
solution by diluting a 1 ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ูƒุจุฑ ุณู„ูุงุช stock

784
01:01:55,970 --> 01:02:01,830
stock ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุฑูƒุฒ stock ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุฑูƒุฒ stock solution ูููŠ

785
01:02:01,830 --> 01:02:07,990
ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู†ุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ุงู†ุง ุจู†ุฏุญุถุฑ ุฑุจุน ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ

786
01:02:07,990 --> 01:02:14,760
ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ุฑุจุน ู„ุชุฑูุฅูŠุด ุจุฏุนู…ู„ุŸ ูƒุงู† ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ูู‡ู… ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจุฏู†ุง

787
01:02:14,760 --> 01:02:19,160
ู†ูู‡ู… ุฅู†ู‡ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุฎููŠู ู…ุงู„ู‡ุงุด ุฏุนูˆุฉ ููŠ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช

788
01:02:19,160 --> 01:02:23,100
ู„ุฃู† ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุชุฎููŠู ู‡ูˆ ู†ูุณู‡ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช

789
01:02:23,100 --> 01:02:26,420
ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุชุฎููŠู ูƒูŠูุŸ ูŠุง ู„ูˆ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุซู„ุง ุนุดุฑุฉ

790
01:02:26,420 --> 01:02:30,900
milliball ุฃูˆ ุนุดุฑุฉ ball ูˆุงู„ุนุดุฑุฉ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุณูˆุงุก ูƒุงู†ูˆุง

791
01:02:30,900 --> 01:02:34,780
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ู„ุชุฑ ุฃูˆ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู ู„ุชุฑ ุงู„ุนุดุฑุฉ

792
01:02:34,780 --> 01:02:38,940
ุจูŠุถุงู„ู‡ู… ุนุดุฑุฉ ุจูŠุชุบูŠุฑูˆุด ูููƒุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชุฎููŠู ู†ุงุดุนุฉ ุนู† ุฅู†ู‡

793
01:02:39,120 --> 01:02:42,840
ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุช ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุชุฎููŠู ู„ุงุชุชุบูŠุฑ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุช ู‚ุจู„

794
01:02:42,840 --> 01:02:46,420
ุงู„ุชุฎููŠู ุชุณูŠุจ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุช ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุชุฎููŠู ุทุจ ุฅูŠุด ุนุฏุฏ

795
01:02:46,420 --> 01:02:49,700
ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุช ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุชุฎููŠู ูˆ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุชุฎููŠูุŸ ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ู„ุงุฑุชูŠ ููŠ

796
01:02:49,700 --> 01:02:53,520
ุงู„ volume ุณูˆุงุก ูƒู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู…ู„ุงุฑุชูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„

797
01:02:53,520 --> 01:02:56,220
ู…ู„ูŠ ู„ุชุฑ ุฃูˆ ู…ู„ุงุฑุชูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ ู„ุชุฑ ุณูŠุช ุนู„ู‰

798
01:02:56,220 --> 01:02:58,660
ุงู„ุทุฑููŠู† ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู…ู„ุงุฑุชูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ ู„ุชุฑ

799
01:02:58,660 --> 01:03:01,770
ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุชุฎููŠูุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ ู„ุชุฑ

800
01:03:01,770 --> 01:03:04,930
ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุชูƒููŠู ุฃูˆ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ ู…ู„ูŠ ู„ุชุฑ

801
01:03:04,930 --> 01:03:08,110
ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุชูƒููŠู ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ ู…ู„ูŠ

802
01:03:08,110 --> 01:03:12,850
ู„ุชุฑ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุชูƒููŠู ุณูŠู‘ุงู† ูุงู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ moles ู„ู„ ุณูˆู„ูŠูˆุช

803
01:03:12,850 --> 01:03:16,210
before dilution ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ moles ู„ู„ุณูˆู„ูŠูˆุช after

804
01:03:16,210 --> 01:03:19,970
dilution ุงูˆ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ููŠ ุงู„ volume ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒ

805
01:03:19,970 --> 01:03:23,150
ุณูˆุงุก ูƒุงู† ุงู„ volume ู…ู„ูŠ ุงูˆ ู„ุชุฑ ุจุณ ุงู„ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„

806
01:03:23,150 --> 01:03:26,390
ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุฒูŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชูŠ ู„ู„ dilute ููŠ ุงู„ volume

807
01:03:26,390 --> 01:03:28,330
ู„ู„ุฏู„ูˆุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ volume ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†

808
01:03:28,330 --> 01:03:31,210
ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠ molesูˆ ุนุฑุถ ุงู„ millimoles ู…ุงู„ู‡ุงุด ุฏุนูˆุฉ

809
01:03:31,210 --> 01:03:34,750
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุงุชุฃุซุฑ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุชุฎููŠู ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุชุฎููŠู ู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ

810
01:03:34,750 --> 01:03:39,450
ุงู„ุชุฎููŠู ู MIVI ุงูˆ ุงู„ initial polarity ููŠ ุงู„

811
01:03:39,450 --> 01:03:41,710
initial volume ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ final polarity ููŠ ุงู„

812
01:03:41,710 --> 01:03:44,850
final volume ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุนูˆุถ ุนู† ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ liter ุงูˆ

813
01:03:44,850 --> 01:03:47,910
ู†ุนูˆุถ ุนู†ู‡ ุจุงู„ milliliter ุนุงุฑู ุงู† ุงู„ milliliter ุงุญุณู†

814
01:03:47,910 --> 01:03:53,150
ู„ุงู† ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุญุถุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนุฏุฏ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ .. ุงูˆ volume

815
01:03:53,150 --> 01:03:57,990
ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุนุงุฑู ุงู† ู…ุด ูƒุจูŠุฑ ูƒุชูŠุฑูู„ูˆ ุญุจูŠู†ุง ู†ุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„

816
01:03:57,990 --> 01:04:02,570
ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ุงู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ cover ุตุฑููŠุฉ 1 ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ุฌุฏูŠุด ุงุฎุฏ

817
01:04:02,570 --> 01:04:05,670
ู…ู†ู‡ ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ mil ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุงุฎุฏู‡ ู…ู†ู‡ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ

818
01:04:05,670 --> 01:04:10,410
ุงู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุงุญุท 1 ู…ู† 10 ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ุจุชุฎู„ูŠ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒู‡ ุฌุฏูŠุด ุงู„

819
01:04:10,410 --> 01:04:15,270
volume ุฌุงู„ ุฑุจุน letter ูŠุนู†ูŠ 250 mil mil ุฒูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ mil

820
01:04:15,270 --> 01:04:19,990
ุชู…ุงู… ูุจูŠุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏู‰ 25 mil ุงูŠุด ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุฌุงู„ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡

821
01:04:19,990 --> 01:04:23,850
ุฎุฏ 25 mil ู…ู† ุงู„ 1 molar cover ุตุฑููŠุฉ ุงู„ stock

822
01:04:23,850 --> 01:04:28,310
ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูˆุญุท ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู…ูŠู‘ู‡ ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ู…ุง ุงู„ุญุฌุจ ู…ุง ุฌุฏู‘ุงุด ูŠุตูŠุฑ

823
01:04:28,310 --> 01:04:33,810
250 ู…ู„ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุฏุงู…ู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง 25 ู…ู„ ู…ู†

824
01:04:33,810 --> 01:04:38,790
ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ูˆุญุทู†ุงู‡ู… ู‡ุงุช ุจุนุฏูŠู† ูˆุญุทู†ุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ู…ูŠู‘ู‡ ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ู…ุง

825
01:04:38,790 --> 01:04:46,170
ุตุงุฑ ุงู„ุญุฌุจ 250 ู…ู„ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฎููŠูุฉ how many

826
01:04:46,170 --> 01:04:50,010
milliliters of telatomolar H2SO4 are needed to

827
01:04:50,010 --> 01:04:55,280
make 450 ml of 0.1 molar H2SO4ุทุจุนุง ูˆุงุถุญ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุงู„ูŠ

828
01:04:55,280 --> 01:05:00,500
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฎูุฒ ูุจู‚ูˆู„ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ volume ุงู„ู„ูŠ

829
01:05:00,500 --> 01:05:05,320
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ concentrated ุจุงู„ู…ู„ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ูƒู„ ุชูˆุงู† ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ููŠ

830
01:05:05,320 --> 01:05:09,300
ุงู„ volume 450 ู…ู„ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุทู„ุน ุจุงู„ู…ู„ 15 ู…ู„

831
01:05:09,300 --> 01:05:12,780
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃุงุฎุฏ 15 ู…ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ูˆ ุฃุฎุฏ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู…ูŠู‡

832
01:05:12,780 --> 01:05:18,400
ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ู…ูŠู‡ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ู…ูŠุณูŠุฑ 450 ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ูˆุงุญุฏ

833
01:05:18,400 --> 01:05:22,230
ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ molarุจู†ุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู‚ู„ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆู„ุฉ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ what

834
01:05:22,230 --> 01:05:26,230
volume of point of 2.5 molar lead nitrate solution

835
01:05:26,230 --> 01:05:33,790
contains 0.05 mole of lead ุญู„ูˆ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ polarity

836
01:05:33,790 --> 01:05:42,830
request ูˆ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ moles ูˆ ุทุงู„ุจ ุฌุฏุงุด ุงู„ุญุฌู… ุฏู‡ ..

837
01:05:42,830 --> 01:05:45,890
ุฌุฏุงุด ุงู„ุญุฌู… .. ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุญุฌู… ู…ู† half a kilo volume ุงู„

838
01:05:45,890 --> 01:05:49,130
.. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ุณูˆู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ polarity ู…ุซู„ุง

839
01:05:49,130 --> 01:05:57,030
ูŠุนู†ูŠู„ูƒู† ู†ุญุธู‡ ู‚ุงู„ ู„ูŠ ู‡ุงู† ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ู‡ุงู† 2.5 ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ู„ูŠุฏ

840
01:05:57,030 --> 01:06:00,410
ู†ูŠุชุฑูŠุช ุตู„ูŠูˆุดุฉ ูˆ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูŠ ูƒู†ุชูŠ ู‡ุงู† 2.5 ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑ ู…ู†

841
01:06:00,410 --> 01:06:05,070
ุงู„ู„ูŠุฏ ูุจุงุฌูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุฌุงู†ุจ ู‡ุงู† ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุฏุงุฑุฉ ู„ู„ู„ูŠุฏ ู‡ูŠ ู†ูุณู‡ุง

842
01:06:05,070 --> 01:06:09,810
ุงู„ู…ุฏุงุฑุฉ ู„ู„ู„ูŠุฏ ู†ูŠุชุฑูŠุช ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ูƒู„ ู…ูˆู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠุฏ ู†ูŠุชุฑูŠุช

843
01:06:09,810 --> 01:06:15,550
ุฃูƒู…ู„ ู„ูŠุฏ ููŠู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠุฏ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ

844
01:06:15,550 --> 01:06:20,300
ุงู„ู„ูŠุฏ ู†ูŠุชุฑูŠุชู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุณุจุจ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู†ุง ุณูˆุงุก ู‚ู„ุช ุงู„

845
01:06:20,300 --> 01:06:23,160
volume ุจุงู„ milliliter ู…ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฏุงุฑุณ ุงูˆ ู‚ู„ุช

846
01:06:23,160 --> 01:06:25,780
ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ liter ู…ูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฏุงุฑุณ ููŠ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุฉ ุฒูŠ

847
01:06:25,780 --> 01:06:34,580
ู…ุง ุจุฏู†ุง .. ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุถุฑูˆุจุฉ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ fifty

848
01:06:34,580 --> 01:06:40,460
millimole ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุถุฑูˆุจุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู ุตุงุฑุช ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ุนุดุงู† ุงุฎู„ูŠู‡ุง

849
01:06:40,460 --> 01:06:44,630
ู…ุด ู…ูˆู„ุจุณ ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุชุฎู„ูˆู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ูˆ ุทู„ุนูˆุง ุงู„ุญุฌู… ุจุงู„

850
01:06:44,630 --> 01:06:47,670
ู„ุชุฑ ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ูŠุฌุณู…ูˆู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุชุชุฏุงุฌูˆุง ู…ู†

851
01:06:47,670 --> 01:06:53,390
ุงู„ุชุญูˆู„ุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ูƒู… ุชุฎู„ูˆู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„

852
01:06:53,390 --> 01:06:58,290
volume ุจุงู„ ู„ุชุฑ ู…ุชุณุงูˆู‰ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงู„ ุชุฌุฏูŠุด point oh

853
01:06:58,290 --> 01:07:05,390
five ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงู„ ุชุฌุฏูŠุด ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงูˆ ู†ุต ุจุชุทู„ุนูˆุง ุงู„ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ

854
01:07:05,390 --> 01:07:09,630
ุชุถุฑุจูˆู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู ุนุดุงู† ุชุตูŠุฑ ู…ู„ูŠ ู„ุชุฑ ุณูŠุฆุฉุทุจ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ

855
01:07:09,630 --> 01:07:12,730
ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ how many milliliters of 5 molar potassium

856
01:07:12,730 --> 01:07:16,530
dichromate solution must be diluted to prepare 250

857
01:07:16,530 --> 01:07:21,450
ml of 0.1 molar solution ุจุฑุถู‡ ุญู„ูˆ ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ ุจุนุทูŠู†ุง

858
01:07:21,450 --> 01:07:27,510
ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒุงุช ูˆ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุฏุฏ ุงู„ู€ 0.1

859
01:07:27,510 --> 01:07:31,410
ููŠ 250 ูุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ modality concentrated ููŠ ุงู„

860
01:07:31,410 --> 01:07:33,470
volume concentrated ูˆ ุงู„ modality diluted ููŠ ุงู„

861
01:07:33,470 --> 01:07:36,920
volume dilutedุฎู…ุณุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ู…ู„ point one ููŠ

862
01:07:36,920 --> 01:07:40,180
ู…ุงุฆุชูŠู† ูˆุฎู…ุณูŠู† ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู…ู„ ููŠ ุบูŠุฑ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู…ู„

863
01:07:40,180 --> 01:07:42,780
ู‡ุงุฏุฑ ูŠุฏุฎู„ู‡ุง ูˆูŠุญุทู‡ุง ููŠ ูˆุนูŠ ู…ุงุฆุชูŠู† ูˆุฎู…ุณูŠู† ู…ู„ ูˆูŠุญุทู‡ุง

864
01:07:42,780 --> 01:07:48,080
ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠู„ุงุฏ ู…ุซูŠุฑ ู…ุงุฆุชูŠู† ูˆุฎู…ุณูŠู† ู…ู„ ุฃุฎุฑ ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง

865
01:07:48,080 --> 01:07:51,700
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ู…ู„ of ุนุดุฑุฉ molar stock

866
01:07:51,700 --> 01:07:54,580
solution of sodium hydroxide is diverted to ู…ุงุฆุชูŠู†

867
01:07:54,580 --> 01:07:57,460
ูˆุฎู…ุณูŠู† ู…ู„ what is the concentration of the

868
01:07:57,460 --> 01:08:01,680
resulting of the resulting stock solution ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃู†ู‡

869
01:08:01,680 --> 01:08:06,110
ุงู„ molarityููŠ ุงู„ volume ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ polarity ููŠ ุงู„

870
01:08:06,110 --> 01:08:10,850
volume ูุชุทู„ุน ุฃู† ุงู„ volume ุฃููˆู„ ุงู„ polarity ุฑุจุน

871
01:08:10,850 --> 01:08:16,870
ู…ูˆู„ุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฎููุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู†ุงุดุฆุฉ ุฑุจุน ู…ูˆู„ุฑ

872
01:08:16,870 --> 01:08:23,530
ุงุญู†ุง ู‡ู†ุฎุณุฑ ุฃูƒู…ู„ ุงู„ slide ูŠู…ูƒู† ู†ุทูˆู„ ุชู„ุช ุฃุฑุจุน ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚

873
01:08:23,530 --> 01:08:27,870
ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ูุจู† .. ุจุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุฎู„ุต ุงู„ slide ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด ุถุจุนู†ูŠ

874
01:08:27,870 --> 01:08:31,530
ูŠุนู†ูŠูุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ุญุณุงุจุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„

875
01:08:31,530 --> 01:08:34,430
chemical analysisุŒ ู„ู…ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ chemical analysisุŒ

876
01:08:34,430 --> 01:08:38,430
ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ุงุฏุชูŠู† ุจุชูุงุนู„ูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถุŒ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„

877
01:08:38,430 --> 01:08:42,750
ุฃูˆ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ุงุŒ ุฃุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู‚ุงุช ุฎุงุตุฉ

878
01:08:42,750 --> 01:08:47,070
ุจู…ุงุฏุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุฃูˆ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุฎููŠูุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ุจุฏุฃ ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุทุจ ุฅูŠุด

879
01:08:47,070 --> 01:08:51,460
ุจุญุตู„ ู„ู‡ู… ู…ุงุฏุชูŠู† ุจุชูุงุนู„ูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถุŒ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉุงู„ุญุณุงุจ

880
01:08:51,460 --> 01:08:55,560
ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุงุชุนู„ู…ู†ุงู‡ ู‡ูˆ ู‡ูˆ ุจุณ ู‡ุชุดูˆู ูƒูŠู ุจู†ุทุจู‡ุง ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ how

881
01:08:55,560 --> 01:08:58,120
many grams of calcium hydroxide are needed to

882
01:08:58,120 --> 01:09:03,520
neutralize 25 ml of 0.1 molar nitric acid ุนุดุงู†

883
01:09:03,520 --> 01:09:08,100
ุงู„ุญู„ ู„ุงุจุฏ ุงู„ุง ุงู†ู‡ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ุชูˆุฒูˆู†ุฉ ูู‡ูŠ

884
01:09:08,100 --> 01:09:11,340
calcium hydroxide ู…ุน ุงุชู†ูŠู† nitric acid ูุนุทูŠู†ุง

885
01:09:11,340 --> 01:09:16,180
calcium nitrate ุงุชู†ูŠู† H2O ุงู„ุงู† ุจุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู„

886
01:09:16,180 --> 01:09:17,560
relationship ุนุดุงู† ุงู„ุญู„

887
01:09:20,260 --> 01:09:24,640
ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุฆุฉ ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณุงูŠุฏ ุฌุฏุดุŸ ู„ุฃ ู„ุญุธุฉ ุดูˆูŠุฉุŒ

888
01:09:24,640 --> 01:09:29,020
ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุฆุฉ ุงู„ู†ูŠุชุฑูŠูƒ ุฃุณุฏ ุฌุฏุดุŸ ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ ุงุฐุง ุนุฏุฏ

889
01:09:29,020 --> 01:09:32,760
ู…ู„ุงุฆุฉ ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณุงูŠุฏ ู†ุต ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุฆุฉ ุงู„ู†ูŠุชุฑูŠูƒ

890
01:09:32,760 --> 01:09:36,920
ุฃุณุฏุŒ ุจู†ุนุฏ ุนุฏุฏุŒ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉุŒ ุฌุฏุด ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุฆุฉ ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู…

891
01:09:36,920 --> 01:09:40,140
ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณุงูŠุฏุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุฆุฉ ุงู„ู†ูŠุชุฑูŠูƒ ุฃุณุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ

892
01:09:40,140 --> 01:09:43,720
ุงุฐุง ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุฆุฉ ุงู„ูƒุงู„ุณูŠูˆู… ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณุงูŠุฏ ู†ุต ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุฆุฉ

893
01:09:43,720 --> 01:09:48,790
ุงู„ู†ูŠุชุฑูŠูƒ ุฃุณุฏุŒ ุงุจู†ูƒ ุชุจู‡ุงุนู„ู‰ ุฏู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุงู„ matrix ุฃุตู„ุงุŒ

894
01:09:48,790 --> 01:09:55,010
ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุฅูŠุด ุจู†ุณูˆูŠู‡ุŸ ุจู†ุนูˆุถุŒ ุจู†ุนูˆุถ ูƒูŠูุŸ ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง ู‡ุงุฏูŠุŒ

895
01:09:55,010 --> 01:10:00,970
ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง ู‡ุงุฏูŠุŒ ุฏูŠ ุฌูŠ ุจุงู„ุฌูˆู„ุŒ ุจู†ุชุนูˆุฏ

896
01:10:00,970 --> 01:10:04,070
ุนู† ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุŒ ุงู„ molarity ุจ volumeุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ molarity

897
01:10:04,070 --> 01:10:09,390
ุจ volumeุŒ ุนู† ุงู„ calcium hydroxide ู…ุด ู…ุนุฑูˆูุŒ ุงู„ู†ุต

898
01:10:09,390 --> 01:10:15,410
ู…ูˆู„ุŒ HMO3 ู†ุต ููŠู‡ุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ molarityุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ volumeุŒ

899
01:10:15,410 --> 01:10:21,700
ุจุณ ุฃุดุจุท ุงู„ volumeุจุงู„ู„ูŠุชุฑ ุจุงู„ู„ูŠุชุฑ ุจุงู„ู„ูŠุชุฑ ุฅุฐุง ุจุฌูŠุจ

900
01:10:21,700 --> 01:10:25,240
ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ู…ุฏุงู… ุฌูŠุจุช ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ู‡ูˆ ุจุงู„ุฏูŠุฌุฑุงู…ุงุช

901
01:10:25,240 --> 01:10:28,400
ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุจุถุฑุจ ููŠ ุงู„ formula weight ุงู„ calcium

902
01:10:28,400 --> 01:10:33,320
hydroxide ูู‡ูŠ ูƒุงู† ุงุฌุฑุงู… calcium hydroxide ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ููŠ

903
01:10:33,320 --> 01:10:35,960
ุงู„ formula weight ูุงู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุฌูŠุจุชู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰

904
01:10:35,960 --> 01:10:39,820
ุทูˆู„ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญู„ูˆุง ุงูŠ ู…ุณุฃู„ุฉ ู‚ู„ู†ุงู‡ุง ู‡ุงู†

905
01:10:39,820 --> 01:10:43,080
ู‡ูŠ ู…ุฏุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ volume ุฌูŠู„ู†ุง ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ moles ุถุฑุจู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ

906
01:10:43,080 --> 01:10:47,330
ุงู„ formula weight ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฏูŠุฌุฑุงู…ุงุช ุทูŠุจุจู†ุทู„ุน

907
01:10:47,330 --> 01:10:49,750
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู‡ู‰ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ how many grams of sodium

908
01:10:49,750 --> 01:10:54,230
hydroxide are needed to neutralize 20 ู…ู„ ู…ู† 0.15

909
01:10:54,230 --> 01:10:57,770
molar sulfuric acid ุงูŠุด ุจุฏูŠ ุงุนู…ู„ุŸ ุฌุงู„ุจุง ุงูƒุชุจ

910
01:10:57,770 --> 01:11:02,030
ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ูƒุชุจู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ุงู„ุงู† ุจุงุดูŠ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุงู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ

911
01:11:02,030 --> 01:11:04,730
ุงูŠุดุŸ Sodium hydroxideุŒ ุจุฏูŠ ุงุฎู„ุต Sodium hydroxideุŒ

912
01:11:04,730 --> 01:11:07,150
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุนู† ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ูุจู‚ูˆู„ Sodium hydroxide ุฏู‡ ูƒู…

913
01:11:07,150 --> 01:11:08,790
ู…ูˆู„ุŸ ุงุชู†ูŠู† Sodium hydroxide ุฏู‡ ูƒู… ู…ูˆู„ุŸ ุงุชู†ูŠู†

914
01:11:08,790 --> 01:11:10,290
Sodium hydroxide ุฏู‡ ูƒู… ู…ูˆู„ุŸ ุงุชู†ูŠู† Sodium hydroxide

915
01:11:10,290 --> 01:11:10,530
ุฏู‡ ูƒู… ู…ูˆู„ุŸ ุงุชู†ูŠู† Sodium hydroxide ุฏู‡ ูƒู… ู…ูˆู„ุŸ ุงุชู†ูŠู†

916
01:11:10,530 --> 01:11:13,170
Sodium hydroxide ุฏู‡ ูƒู… ู…ูˆู„ุŸ ุงุชู†ูŠู† Sodium hydroxide

917
01:11:13,170 --> 01:11:15,650
ุฏู‡ ูƒู… ู…ูˆู„ุŸ ุงุชู†ูŠู† Sodium hydroxide ุฏู‡ ูƒู… ู…ูˆู„ุŸ ุงูƒุงู†ุช

918
01:11:15,650 --> 01:11:18,710
ุฅูŠุด ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุช ุงู„ุณูˆู„ุชูˆู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏุŸ ุญุฏ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุฅุชู†ูŠู†

919
01:11:18,710 --> 01:11:22,050
ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุช ุงู„ุณูˆู„ุชูˆู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏ ูˆุฅุฐุง ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุช

920
01:11:22,050 --> 01:11:25,650
ุงู„ุณูˆู„ุชูˆู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏ ุถุนู ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุณูˆู„ุชูˆู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏุŒ ุถุนู ุนุฏุฏ

921
01:11:25,650 --> 01:11:27,670
ู…ู„ุงุช ุงู„ุณูˆู„ุชูˆู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏุŒ ุงู‡ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ more

922
01:11:27,670 --> 01:11:30,810
ุณูˆู„ุชูˆู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏ ุฅุชู†ูŠู† ููŠ ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุช ุงู„ุณูˆู„ุชูˆู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏุŒ

923
01:11:30,810 --> 01:11:33,350
ุทุจ ุฅูŠุด ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุช ุงู„ุณูˆู„ุชูˆู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏุŸ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„

924
01:11:33,350 --> 01:11:38,070
polarity ููŠ ุงู„board ุฅุฐุง ุจุทู„ุน ุฅู† ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุช

925
01:11:38,070 --> 01:11:52,460
ุงู„ุณูˆู„ุชูˆู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏ ุณุชุฉ ู…ู† ุฃู„ูุฃู†ุง ู…ุงุจุฏูŠุด ุนุฏุฏ

926
01:11:52,460 --> 01:11:52,880
ู…ูˆู„ุงุช

927
01:11:52,880 --> 01:12:10,760
ุงู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู…ูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠูƒุณูŠ

928
01:12:10,820 --> 01:12:16,680
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุจุฏูˆูŠุง ู‚ุงู„ how many liters of

929
01:12:16,680 --> 01:12:22,340
HCL ุทุจ ูŠุจุฌู‰ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงูŠุด ุจุฏู‰ ุงุฌูŠุจ ุงู†ุง ุงู„ more ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุด

930
01:12:22,340 --> 01:12:26,680
ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุช ุงู„ HCL ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุช ุงู„ lead nitrate ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุฐุง

931
01:12:26,680 --> 01:12:31,480
ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุช ุงู„ HCL ุถุนูŠู ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู„ุงุช ุงู„ lead nitrate ุจุนูˆุฏ

932
01:12:31,480 --> 01:12:36,820
ุจุนูˆุฏ ุงู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุก ุงู†ุง ุงู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ู…ุทุงู„ุจ ุงู„ for

933
01:12:36,820 --> 01:12:41,070
loop ุทุจ ุงู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู‰ ู‡ู†ุงุงู„ู€ Moles ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ูˆู„ ุงู„ู€ HCl

934
01:12:41,070 --> 01:12:45,010
ุฃูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุจุฌุฑุงุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ููˆุฑู…ูˆู„ูˆูŠุช ูˆู„ุง ุฃูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุจู…ูˆู„

935
01:12:45,010 --> 01:12:49,450
ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุจู…ูˆู„ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุจู…ูˆู„ุงุฑุชูŠ ุจููˆู„ูŠูˆู… ุฌู„ู‘ุจ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑุชูŠ

936
01:12:49,450 --> 01:12:52,850
ุจููˆู„ูŠูˆู… ู„ุฅู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑุชูŠ ุจููˆู„ูŠูˆู… ุจุงู„ู†ูŠุฉ ูู‡ูŠ

937
01:12:52,850 --> 01:13:01,510
ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑุชูŠ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ููˆู„ูŠูˆู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ HCl ุงุชู†ูŠู† ููŠ point

938
01:13:01,510 --> 01:13:05,030
one ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนุฏุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ lead migrate

939
01:13:05,030 --> 01:13:08,920
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ููŠ ุนุฏุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุงู„ lead migrateุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ point

940
01:13:08,920 --> 01:13:11,560
one ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ volume ุจุงู„ู„ุชุฑ ุจุชุงุน ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ู…ู†

941
01:13:11,560 --> 01:13:20,620
ุนุดุฑ ู„ุชุฑ ุญุณุงุจุงุช ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุงู†ุดูˆู

942
01:13:20,620 --> 01:13:25,920
ุจุฑุถู‡ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ what's the molarity of an NaOH solution

943
01:13:25,920 --> 01:13:31,420
if 48 ml neutralizes 35 ml ู…ู† point one four four

944
01:13:31,420 --> 01:13:36,220
molar H2SO4 ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุจุนุงุฏุฉ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุงู„ molarity

945
01:13:36,220 --> 01:13:40,710
ู„ู„ุตูˆุฏูŠูˆู…ูุจุญุท ุงู„ุณูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุทุฑู

946
01:13:40,710 --> 01:13:44,010
ุงู„ูŠุณุงุฑ ุงูƒุงู„ ู…ูˆู„ ุณูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงูƒุงู„ ู…ูˆู„

947
01:13:44,010 --> 01:13:48,030
ุณุงู„ููˆุฑูŠูƒุงุณูŠุฏ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ุณูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏ ุถุนู

948
01:13:48,030 --> 01:13:51,050
ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ุณุงู„ููˆุฑูŠูƒุงุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ุณูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

949
01:13:51,050 --> 01:13:55,030
ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชูŠ ููŠ volume ู„ู„ุณูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชูŠ ููŠ

950
01:13:55,030 --> 01:14:00,630
ุงู„ volume ู„ู„ุณูˆุฏูŠูˆู… ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ volume 0.048

951
01:14:00,630 --> 01:14:04,510
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจุงู„ู„ูŠุชุฑ ุจุฅุฐู† ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุฑูŠุชูŠ ุนู„ู‰

952
01:14:04,510 --> 01:14:13,770
ุงู„ H2O ู‡ูˆ 4.14435 ู…ู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ 0.035 ู„ุชุฑ ุชู…ุงู… ุจูŠุทู„ุน

953
01:14:13,770 --> 01:14:24,270
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ moderate ู„ู„ Sodium Hydroxide 0.21 ุฎู„ูŠู†ูŠ

954
01:14:24,270 --> 01:14:29,550
ุงุฎุฏ ุงุฎุฏ

955
01:14:29,550 --> 01:14:35,130
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู‡ุฐุงุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ a sample of iron ore is dissolved

956
01:14:35,130 --> 01:14:39,750
in acid and the iron is converted to iron 2 the

957
01:14:39,750 --> 01:14:45,550
sample is then titrated with 47.2 ml of 0.02240

958
01:14:45,550 --> 01:14:52,530
permanganate ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุญู„ูˆ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„

959
01:14:52,530 --> 01:14:56,410
ู„ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ boron ูˆ ุงู„ modality ู„ู„

960
01:14:56,410 --> 01:15:00,700
permanganateHow many moles of permanganate were

961
01:15:00,700 --> 01:15:03,200
added to the solutionุŸ ู‡ู‰ ุงู„ modality ูˆ ู‡ู‰ ุงู„

962
01:15:03,200 --> 01:15:07,280
volume ู†ุถุฑุจู‡ู… ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุจุทู„ุน ุงู„ moles ุจุณ ุงูŠู‡ ุจุฏู†ุง ุงู„

963
01:15:07,280 --> 01:15:11,640
volume ุจุงู„ .. ุจุงู„ .. volume ุจุงู„literal ุจุทู„ุน ุงูŠู‡ุŸ

964
01:15:11,640 --> 01:15:16,500
ุจุทู„ุน ุงู„ moles ุทุจ ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ how many

965
01:15:16,500 --> 01:15:20,780
moles of iron were in the sample ุงู‡ ุจุชุดูˆู ุงู„ iron

966
01:15:20,780 --> 01:15:23,940
ุงุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ iron ูˆ permanganate ู…ู†

967
01:15:23,940 --> 01:15:29,640
ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ iron ุฃูƒู…ู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ุจุฑู…ุฌุงู†ูŠุงุช ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ more

968
01:15:29,640 --> 01:15:34,320
iron ุจุชุณูˆูŠ ุฎู…ุณ ุฃุถุนุงู ุงู„ุจุฑู…ุฌุงู†ูŠุงุช ุทุจ ุงู„ุจุฑู…ุฌุงู†ูŠุงุช

969
01:15:34,320 --> 01:15:39,320
ู…ุนุฑูˆูุฉ ู‡ุงูŠ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ููŠู‡ุง ู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„ molarity ูˆ ู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„

970
01:15:39,320 --> 01:15:44,460
volume ุจุชุทู„ุน ู‡ุงู„ุฌุฏ ุนุฏุฏ ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุงู„ iron C ุทุงู„ุจ ุฃูƒุงู…

971
01:15:44,460 --> 01:15:47,620
ุฌุฑุงู… iron ุทุจ ู‡ุงูŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ุงุช ุจุถุฑุจู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ atomic

972
01:15:47,620 --> 01:15:51,400
weight ุจุชู‚ุนุทูŠู„ูŠ ุฌุฑุงู…ุงุช ู…ุธู„ูˆู… ุทุจ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ูˆุฒู†ุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู†

973
01:15:51,400 --> 01:15:55,880
ู‡ุงู„ุฌุฏ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฌุฑุงู…ุงุช ุงู„ iron ุทู„ุนู†ุงู‡ุง point two nine

974
01:15:55,880 --> 01:16:00,520
fiveุจุฌุณู…ู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุฒู† ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุฉ ููŠ 100 ู…ู† 100 ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„

975
01:16:00,520 --> 01:16:05,180
percentage ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุญุณุงุจุงุช ุณู‡ู„ุฉ ุฎุงู„ุต ุงุฎุฑ ุญุงุฌุฉ

976
01:16:05,180 --> 01:16:11,100
ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุฏู„ุชูŠู† ูู‚ุท ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ titrations ุงู„ titrations

977
01:16:11,100 --> 01:16:16,120
ูŠุง ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุงูŠุฑุฉ ุงุญู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุนุงุฏุฉ

978
01:16:16,120 --> 01:16:23,760
ู…ุฌู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ู…ุฌู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุทู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ flask conical

979
01:16:23,760 --> 01:16:31,690
flask ุงูˆูˆุนู†ุง pureed ุตุญุงุญุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุตุญุงุญุฉ ุจุญุท standard

980
01:16:31,690 --> 01:16:35,690
solution ู…ุด ุดุฑุท ุงู† ู†ุญุท standard solution for ูŠุนู†ูŠ

981
01:16:35,690 --> 01:16:40,670
ุจุณ ุจุญุท standard solution ูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ู…ุฌู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ูุจุนูŠุฑู‡ู…

982
01:16:40,670 --> 01:16:44,750
ุจุถูŠู ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุฉ ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ

983
01:16:44,750 --> 01:16:47,890
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฌู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ู‡ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ู…ุนุฑูˆู ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„

984
01:16:47,890 --> 01:16:53,790
molarity ู…ุนุฑูˆูุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ volume ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุงุฎุฏู‡ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ุนุฑูˆููˆ

985
01:16:53,790 --> 01:16:57,910
ู…ู† ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุจุฌูŠุจ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ moles ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฌู‡ูˆู„ุฉ

986
01:16:57,910 --> 01:17:01,370
ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุณุจุจ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ moles ู…ู† ุงู„ standard ุงู„ู…ุญู…ูˆู„

987
01:17:01,370 --> 01:17:08,390
ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงุณูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ู„ูˆ ุนู†ุฏูŠ H2SO4 ุฒูŠ ุงู„ 2 Sodium

988
01:17:08,390 --> 01:17:13,870
Hydroxide ุจูŠุนุทูŠู„ู‡ุง ู†ูˆุงุชูŠ ูุจู‚ูˆู„ ุงุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ Sodium

989
01:17:13,870 --> 01:17:20,450
Hydroxide ู…ุฌู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ H2SO4 ู…ุซู„ุง 0.05 molar ูˆ ุฃุฎุฏ

990
01:17:20,450 --> 01:17:29,460
ุนุดุฑูŠู†ู…ูŠู„ ูุงู†ุง ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ Sodium hydroxide ุจุฏู‡

991
01:17:29,460 --> 01:17:36,120
ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ู„ู„ H2SO4 ูˆุถุนู ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ู„ู„H2SO4

992
01:17:36,120 --> 01:17:40,620
ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ H2SO4 ู‡ูŠู‡ ู…ุนุฑูˆู ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ุชุจุนู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏุงุฑุชูŠ ูˆู‡ูŠ

993
01:17:40,620 --> 01:17:44,500
ุงู„ volume ุงุฐุง ุงูŠุด ุจุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ู„ Sodium hydroxide

994
01:17:44,500 --> 01:17:46,620
ูˆุงู†ุง ุนุงุฑู ู…ุงูƒุงู†ุชุด ุงู„ุญุฌู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุฎุฏุชู‡ ู…ู† Sodium

995
01:17:46,620 --> 01:17:52,160
hydroxide ุจุงูƒุณุจ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุญุฌู… ุจุงุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„

996
01:17:52,160 --> 01:17:57,180
polarityูู‡ุฐู‡ ููƒุฑุฉ ุงู„ titrations ุนุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„

997
01:17:57,180 --> 01:18:01,820
titrations ุงู†ุง ุจุนูˆุฒ ุญุฏ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง indicator ูƒุงุดู ุงู„

998
01:18:01,820 --> 01:18:08,440
indicator ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุชุบูŠุฑ ู„ุบุชู‡ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู†ูˆุตู„ ู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ

999
01:18:08,440 --> 01:18:13,900
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง equivalence point ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุชูƒุงูุค ู†ู‚ุทุฉ

1000
01:18:13,900 --> 01:18:20,080
ุงู„ุชูƒุงูุค ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ standard ุงูˆ ุงู„ analyte

1001
01:18:20,080 --> 01:18:26,340
ุชุจุนูŠุจูŠู†ุชู‡ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุจูŠุฎู„ุต ู ู‡ุงู† ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ

1002
01:18:26,340 --> 01:18:30,040
ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง equivalence point ููŠ ูุฑู‚ ุจุณูŠุท ู…ู†ู‡ุง ูˆ

1003
01:18:30,040 --> 01:18:32,820
ู…ู† ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง end point ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ููŠ

1004
01:18:32,820 --> 01:18:35,760
ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุดูˆูู‡ุง ุฃู†ุง ู‡ูŠ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง

1005
01:18:35,760 --> 01:18:40,920
end point ูุนู†ุฏ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุจู„ุงุญุธ ุงู† ุงู„ indicator

1006
01:18:40,920 --> 01:18:45,080
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุงุดู ุจูŠุบูŠุฑ ู„ูˆู†ู‡ ูู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุตู„ ููŠู‡

1007
01:18:45,080 --> 01:18:54,380
ู…ุชุนู„ู‚ ุจุงู„ .. ุจุงู„ ..ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู‚ุฏุงู…ู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ู†ูุณ

1008
01:18:54,380 --> 01:18:57,680
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุฐูƒุฑุชู‡ ู‚ุจู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุทู„ุน

1009
01:18:57,680 --> 01:19:03,880
ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงุชุฎู„ูˆู‡ ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ู…ู†ูƒู…ูˆุฃูŠุถุง ุงุชุทู„ุนูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ

1010
01:19:03,880 --> 01:19:09,900
ุงู†ุง ูƒู†ุช ู…ุญุถุฑูƒู… ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุณุฑูŠุนุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูุงุชุทู„ุนูˆุง

1011
01:19:09,900 --> 01:19:13,900
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุช ูˆูƒู…ู„ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุญุจูŠู†ุง ุฃู†ู‡

1012
01:19:13,900 --> 01:19:16,660
ู†ุบุทูŠู‡ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ chapter ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ุชุทุจูŠู‚ูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ

1013
01:19:16,660 --> 01:19:19,460
ุงู„ุญุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุบุทู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ chapter ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

1014
01:19:19,460 --> 01:19:24,280
ู…ุด ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุชุญุณูˆุง ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุณู‡ู„ุฉ ุฎุงู„ุต ุจุณ ุงุชุทู„ุนูˆุง

1015
01:19:24,280 --> 01:19:28,940
ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุงู„ chapter ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ุงู„

1016
01:19:28,940 --> 01:19:33,450
reactionsููŠ ุงู„ู€ Aquaciutions ูˆุฅุฐุง ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฑุญ ูŠุนู…ู„

1017
01:19:33,450 --> 01:19:37,890
ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ Thermochemistry ุงู„ูƒู…ูŠุงุก ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑูŠุฉ