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1
00:00:20,670 --> 00:00:25,430
ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงุญู†ุง ุงู†ุชู‡ูŠู†ุง ุขุฎุฑ ู…ุฑุฉ 

2
00:00:25,430 --> 00:00:28,490
ู„ู…ุง ุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู† ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠูƒุฑูˆุจุงุช ุนู„ู‰ 

3
00:00:28,490 --> 00:00:32,810
intracellular existence ูˆู‚ุณู…ู†ุง ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ู„ุตู†ููŠู†

4
00:00:32,810 --> 00:00:35,470
ูˆ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ุตู†ู ุงู„ู„ูŠ obligate intracellular

5
00:00:35,470 --> 00:00:39,950
ูˆ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ facultative ุฏู‡ ุดูู†ุง ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† 

6
00:00:39,950 --> 00:00:44,670
tactics ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุฃูˆ ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„

7
00:00:44,670 --> 00:00:46,150
... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ...

8
00:00:46,150 --> 00:00:46,550
ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„

9
00:00:46,550 --> 00:00:46,770
... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ...

10
00:00:46,770 --> 00:00:46,870
ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„

11
00:00:46,870 --> 00:00:47,150
... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ...

12
00:00:47,150 --> 00:00:48,270
ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ ... ุงู„

13
00:00:48,270 --> 00:00:53,340
... ุงู„ุชูŠ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุงุณุชุทุงุนุช ุฃู† ุชู‚ุงูˆู…

14
00:00:53,340 --> 00:00:58,860
ุงู„ู€phagocytic killingุŒ ุฅู…ุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุจุงู„ู€lysosome ุฃูˆ

15
00:00:58,860 --> 00:01:04,340
ูƒุงู†ุช ู†ูุณู‡ุง resistant ู„ู„ู€lysosome ุงู„ู€destructionุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ 

16
00:01:04,340 --> 00:01:08,180
ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€tacticsุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ

17
00:01:08,180 --> 00:01:10,780
ู…ุนุงู‡ุง ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู…ุฎุชู„ู ุดูˆูŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€antigenic

18
00:01:10,780 --> 00:01:17,050
heterogenicity ูƒู†ุง ู…ุชูู‚ูŠู† ูƒู†ุง ู…ุชูู‚ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู† ุฌู‡ุงุฒ

19
00:01:17,050 --> 00:01:21,950
ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ู„ุฏูŠู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชุนุฑู ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงุช

20
00:01:21,950 --> 00:01:26,530
ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุทููŠู„ูŠุฉ ูƒุฃู†ุชุฌูŠู†ุงุช ูˆู…ู†

21
00:01:26,530 --> 00:01:31,190
ุซู… ุชูƒูˆูŠู† ุฃุฌุณุงู… ู…ุถุงุฏุฉ ุถุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†ุชุฌูŠู†ุงุช ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ููŠ

22
00:01:31,190 --> 00:01:35,530
ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณู‡ู„ ุฌุฏุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ

23
00:01:35,530 --> 00:01:40,290
ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุฃู† ูŠูƒุงูุญ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูŠูƒุฑูˆุจุงุช ู„ูƒู† ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ 

24
00:01:40,290 --> 00:01:43,310
ู„ู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ... ู„ูƒู† ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุฃูŠุถุง ู„ุฏูŠู‡ุง 

25
00:01:43,310 --> 00:01:47,310
tactics ู‡ูŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ุจุฑุถู‡ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€

26
00:01:47,310 --> 00:01:52,010
Antigenic Variation ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุจุชุฏุฎู„ ุจุฑู‚ู…

27
00:01:52,010 --> 00:01:58,430
ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ุฃูˆ ุจู€antigen ุฌุฏูŠุฏุŒ ุฅุฐู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุทุจุนุง ุชู…

28
00:01:58,430 --> 00:02:01,230
ุฅุซุจุงุชู‡ุง ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุนู„ู‰ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€antigenic ุชู…

29
00:02:01,230 --> 00:02:05,030
ุฅุซุจุงุชู‡ุง in vitro ูˆุจุชูˆู‚ุน ุชูƒูˆู† ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ

30
00:02:05,030 --> 00:02:11,130
ููŠ ุงู„ู€in vivo ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง to evade the immune system ูˆู„ุง

31
00:02:11,130 --> 00:02:16,170
ุฃุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุฃุฐูƒุฑูƒู… ุจู…ุซุงู„ ุฏุฑุณู†ุงู‡ ุจุดูƒู„ ูˆุงู‚ุนูŠ ุงู„ ... ุงู„

32
00:02:16,170 --> 00:02:20,190
... ุงู„ ... ุงู„ู€pili attachment ุงู„ู€pili ุชุญุช 

33
00:02:20,190 --> 00:02:26,630
ุงู„ู€Neisseria gonorrhoeae ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ู„ูƒู… ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€main virulence

34
00:02:26,630 --> 00:02:30,310
factor ู„ุฃู† ุฃูˆู„ ุฎุทูˆุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€infection ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู€

35
00:02:30,310 --> 00:02:34,710
attachment ูˆู‡ูŠ ููŠ ู…ูˆู‚ุน ุฃุตู„ุง ููŠ ู…ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุณูŠูˆู„ ุฌุงุฑูุฉ

36
00:02:34,710 --> 00:02:37,810
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุญุชู‰ ุชุณุชุทูŠุน ุฃู† ุชุนู…ู„ infection ู„ุงุฒู… ุชุจู‚ู‰

37
00:02:37,810 --> 00:02:41,370
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุชู†ุจู‡ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ูƒุฃูˆู„ ุฃุฌุณุงู…

38
00:02:41,370 --> 00:02:46,350
ู…ุถุงุฏุฉ ู„ู„ู€pili ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุชู†ุจู‡ุช ูˆูˆุงุตู„ุช ุจุฑุถู‡ ุชุนู…ู„ 

39
00:02:46,350 --> 00:02:52,090
antigenic variation ู„ู„ู€pili ููŠ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุฃูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ

40
00:02:52,090 --> 00:02:58,510
ุงู„ุชูŠ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฑูƒุฒ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ูƒุซูŠุฑุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€viral instructors

41
00:03:00,830 --> 00:03:03,590
ูƒุซูŠุฑุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€virulence factors ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ูŠ ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุงู„ู€

42
00:03:03,590 --> 00:03:07,130
antigen ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ู„ูŠุณ ุจุงู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€

43
00:03:07,130 --> 00:03:12,170
antigen ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€virulence factor ูƒู… ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃู† ูƒุซูŠุฑุง

44
00:03:12,170 --> 00:03:15,770
ู…ู† ุงู„ู€virulence factors ุจุญุฏ ุฐุงุชู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€antigen

45
00:03:15,770 --> 00:03:20,710
ู„ูƒู† ู„ูŠุณ ูƒู„ virulence factor ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€antigen ุฃูˆ ู„ูŠุณ

46
00:03:20,710 --> 00:03:25,620
ูƒู„ antigen ู‡ูˆ virulence factor ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ

47
00:03:25,620 --> 00:03:28,260
ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€part of Genesis ุงู„ุชูŠ ู‡ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู…

48
00:03:28,260 --> 00:03:31,780
ุงู„ุชูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€requirement of iron ุจุฑุถู‡ ุจุชุฏุฑุฌูˆุง ููŠูƒู…

49
00:03:31,780 --> 00:03:35,140
ู„ู„ุณุงุจู‚ ูˆุฃุฐูƒุฑูƒู… ุจุฃู†ู‡ ู„ู…ุง ุฏุฑุณู†ุง ุงู„ู€structure of

50
00:03:35,140 --> 00:03:39,720
bacteria ู…ุง ุฏุฑุณู†ุงู‡ุง ู„ู†ุญูุธ ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงุช ูˆ ุจุณ ู„ู…ุง

51
00:03:39,720 --> 00:03:43,560
ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ู€pigment ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฃุญุฏ ูˆุธุงุฆู ุงู„ู€pigment

52
00:03:43,560 --> 00:03:48,620
is iron binding ูุชุชุนุฑููˆุง ุชุทู„ุนูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ iron prediction

53
00:03:48,620 --> 00:03:52,480
ู‡ุงู†ู…ู‘ู†ู‘ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฃู…ุงู…ู†ุง ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ for the 

54
00:03:52,480 --> 00:03:56,540
host the iron metabolism denies pathogenic

55
00:03:56,540 --> 00:04:00,600
bacteria an adequate source ุงูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠุŸ denies ูŠุนู†ูŠ

56
00:04:00,600 --> 00:04:07,280
ุจูŠุญุฑู… ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ู…ู† ู…ุตุฏุฑ ูƒุงููŠ ู„ู„ู€iron ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ

57
00:04:07,280 --> 00:04:13,410
ู„ู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง they have developed several systems ุฃูˆ

58
00:04:13,410 --> 00:04:16,970
mechanism by which they can obtain iron from the 

59
00:04:16,970 --> 00:04:21,010
host ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ุงู„ุงุณู… high affinity iron

60
00:04:21,010 --> 00:04:24,590
assimilation system high affinity iron

61
00:04:24,590 --> 00:04:28,530
assimilation system ุฃู†ุง ู…ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฎุฏ ููŠ ุชูุงุตูŠู„

62
00:04:28,530 --> 00:04:33,970
biochemistry ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉ ู„ูƒู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ู…ุฑูƒุจ ูˆุงุญุฏ

63
00:04:33,970 --> 00:04:39,120
ุงุณู…ู‡ siderophores ุงู„ุณุงูŠุฏุฑูˆููˆุฑุฒ ู‡ูŠ iron binding

64
00:04:39,120 --> 00:04:43,280
compounds ู…ูˆู„ูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุงุŒ ู„ู…ุง ุชุทู„ู‚ู‡ุง

65
00:04:43,280 --> 00:04:45,760
ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠุชู‡ ุจุงู„ุถุจุท ุงู„ู€pigment ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญูƒูŠู†ุง

66
00:04:45,760 --> 00:04:48,860
ุนู†ู‡ุงุŒ ู„ู…ุง ุชุทู„ู‚ู‡ุง ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ูˆุชุตูŠุฑ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€

67
00:04:48,860 --> 00:04:53,720
hostุŒ ูุชุฑุชุจุท ุจู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจุงู„ู€iron ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€iron is 

68
00:04:53,720 --> 00:04:57,400
unavailable to the host ู„ูƒู† available ู„ู…ู†ุŸ

69
00:04:57,400 --> 00:05:01,360
ู„ู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจู†ู‚ุฏุฑ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู† ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุนู„ู‰

70
00:05:01,360 --> 00:05:06,220
ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€uptake ู„ู„ู€iron ู‡ูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ virulence

71
00:05:06,220 --> 00:05:11,360
factor ู„ุฃู† ุจุชุญุฑู… ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจุชุญุฑู… ุงู„ู€host ุทุจ ุงู„ู€host ...

72
00:05:11,360 --> 00:05:14,140
ุงู„ู€iron ุฅู„ู‡ ... ุฅู„ู‡ ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ ู„ู„ู€host ... ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุฅู„ู‡ ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ

73
00:05:14,140 --> 00:05:19,840
ู„ู„ู€host ูˆุฃู†ุง ุจุชุฃูƒุฏ ... ุฃู†ุง ุจุชุฃูƒุฏ ุฃู† ุญุฑู…ุงู† ุงู„ู€host

74
00:05:19,840 --> 00:05:23,100
ู…ู† ุงู„ู€iron ู‡ูŠุถุนู ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰

75
00:05:23,100 --> 00:05:28,890
advantage ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ... ุจุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ

76
00:05:28,890 --> 00:05:32,510
ุงู„ุชูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ุฃู† ุฃู†ู‡ูŠู†ุง ุฌุฒุก ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุตุญูŠุญ

77
00:05:32,510 --> 00:05:38,970
ู…ู† ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู€diseases ููŠ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ู„ูƒู† ู…ุง ุฒุงู„ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง

78
00:05:38,970 --> 00:05:44,290
ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุฌุฏุง ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€immune system ู„ุฃู† ู„ู…ุง

79
00:05:44,290 --> 00:05:48,130
ุชูƒู„ู…ุช ุนู† ุงู„ู€interaction ููŠ ุงู„ู€disease ู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠู‡ูู†

80
00:05:48,130 --> 00:05:54,770
ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุนุงู…ู„ ู†ูุณู‡ ูˆู‡ูˆ ู…ุนุจุฑ ุนู† ุจุนุถ

81
00:05:58,690 --> 00:06:02,330
ุงู„ู€immune systemุŒ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃุดูŠุงุก ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ุถูู†ุง

82
00:06:02,330 --> 00:06:04,830
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุจูŠุถุฑ ุนุจุฑู‡ุงุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€portal of entry

83
00:06:04,830 --> 00:06:11,050
ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ู†ู†ุงู‚ุด ุจุดูƒู„ ุณุทุญูŠ ุชู…ุงู…ุงุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุขุฎุฑ

84
00:06:11,050 --> 00:06:13,730
ู„ู† ู†ุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุชูุงุตูŠู„ุŒ ู„ุฃู† ููŠ ู…ุณุงู‚ ูƒุงู…ู„ ุงุณู…ู‡

85
00:06:13,730 --> 00:06:16,950
immunologyุŒ ุชุฏุฑุณูˆู‡ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ

86
00:06:16,950 --> 00:06:21,110
Immunity of the hostุŒ ุฎู„ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุจุงู„ู„ูˆู†

87
00:06:21,110 --> 00:06:27,940
ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู†ูˆุนุงู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€

88
00:06:27,940 --> 00:06:33,320
bone marrow ูˆุจู†ู‚ุฏุฑ ู†ุตู†ูู‡ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ู… two lineagesุŒ

89
00:06:33,320 --> 00:06:37,620
lineage ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎุทูŠู†ุŒ ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ myeloid ูˆุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ

90
00:06:37,620 --> 00:06:40,910
ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€lymphoid ู…ู† ุงู„ู€myeloid ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€

91
00:06:40,910 --> 00:06:42,930
erythrocytes ูˆุงู„ู€platelets ูˆุงู„ุตุญูŠุญุฉ ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

92
00:06:42,930 --> 00:06:47,350
ุจู†ุชุนู„ู…ู‡ู… ู…ุด ุงุญู†ุง ู…ู† ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ู„ูƒู† ุจูŠุทู„ุน ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุงู„ู€

93
00:06:47,350 --> 00:06:51,750
neutrophil ูˆุงู„ู€macrophagesุŒ ุฅุฐู† ุงู„ู€neutrophil ูˆุงู„ู€

94
00:06:51,750 --> 00:06:56,370
macrophages ู‡ู… ู…ู† ุงู„ู€myeloid tissue ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ู€

95
00:06:56,370 --> 00:06:59,550
lymphoid tissue ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง natural

96
00:06:59,550 --> 00:07:03,510
killerุŒ natural killer ูˆู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง 

97
00:07:03,510 --> 00:07:09,720
ุงู„ุฃุจุฏูŠุฉ to kill cells ูˆุจูŠุทู„ุน ู…ู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู†ูˆุนูŠู†

98
00:07:09,720 --> 00:07:15,820
ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ู‡ู…ูŠู† ุฌุฏุง ุงุณู…ู‡ู… T-cells ูˆB-cells ุงู„ู€T-cells

99
00:07:15,820 --> 00:07:19,080
ุทุจุนุง ุจุฑุถู‡ ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุตู†ููŠู†ู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุตู†ููŠู† ูู‚ุท ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู€

100
00:07:19,080 --> 00:07:25,760
CD8 ูˆCD4 ูˆุงู„ู€CD8 ูˆCD4 ู‡ู… ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† markers ุงูŠุด

101
00:07:25,760 --> 00:07:29,580
ูŠุนู†ูŠ markers ูŠุนู†ูŠ molecules ู†ุนู… ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุชุนุงุฑู ุนู„ู‰

102
00:07:29,580 --> 00:07:34,060
ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ูุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุญุชู‰ ุงู„ุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ clusters of

103
00:07:34,060 --> 00:07:36,980
differentiation CD ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง cluster of

104
00:07:36,980 --> 00:07:42,720
differentiation ูููŠู‡ุง ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ CD8 ูˆู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ CD4 ุงู„ุขู†

105
00:07:42,720 --> 00:07:49,760
ุงู„ู€CD8 ุจูŠู†ุจุชู‚ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงุณู…ู‡ุง cytotoxic ู„ุญุธุฉ

106
00:07:49,760 --> 00:07:54,420
cytotoxic T cells ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€cytotoxic T

107
00:07:54,420 --> 00:07:59,150
cells ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‚ุชู„ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠู‡ natural killer ู…ู† ุงู„ู€

108
00:07:59,150 --> 00:08:04,010
lymphoid ูˆุงู„ู€cytotoxic T cell ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ ...

109
00:08:04,010 --> 00:08:08,450
ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€lymphoid ู…ู† ุงู„ ... ู…ู† ุงู„ู€lymphoid ุงู„ู€CD4

110
00:08:08,450 --> 00:08:13,350
ุจูŠุทู„ุน ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุจู†ุงุก TH1 ูˆTH2 ูˆTH1 ูˆ

111
00:08:13,350 --> 00:08:19,050
TH2 ุจูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆุง essential ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€mastermind ู„ู„ู€

112
00:08:19,050 --> 00:08:22,050
humoral immune response ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง

113
00:08:22,050 --> 00:08:26,670
orchestrated action ููŠ ุงู„ู€immune system ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ู…ุง

114
00:08:26,670 --> 00:08:30,850
ุจุชู†ุตุงุจ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู€aidsุŒ ุงูŠุด ุจุตูŠุฑ

115
00:08:30,850 --> 00:08:40,010
ู„ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŸ ุจูŠูู‚ุฏ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุจุญุณุจ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจุฉ

116
00:08:40,010 --> 00:08:41,190
ูุงู„ู€CD4

117
00:08:48,390 --> 00:09:04,630
ุงู„ู€B-cells ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ

118
00:09:04,630 --> 00:09:09,770
ุนู† ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ู€antibodies ุทุจุนุง ู‡ู†ุดูˆู ูƒู…ุงู† ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุชูˆุถุญ

119
00:09:09,770 --> 00:09:15,030
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู€B-cells ุฅุฐุง ุงุชู‘ุตู„ ุจู‡ุง

120
00:09:15,030 --> 00:09:22,660
antigen specific ุฅู„ู‡ุง ูˆูƒุฃู†ู‡ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ูŠู„ุง ุจูŠุณู„ ุงู†ู‚ุณู…ูŠุŒ

121
00:09:22,660 --> 00:09:27,760
ุงุจุชุฏุฃ ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ุงู†ู‚ุณุงู…ุงุชุŒ ูุงูƒุฑูŠู† ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุณู„ุงู„ุฉุŸ cloneุŒ

122
00:09:27,760 --> 00:09:31,700
ูุจูŠุทู„ุน ู…ู†ู‡ุง cloneุŒ ุงู„ู€clone ู‡ุฐุง ... ุงู„ู€clone ูŠุนู†ูŠ

123
00:09:31,700 --> 00:09:34,860
ุงู„ุณู„ุงู„ุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ ู†ุณุฎ ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ู€original cell ุงู„ุชูŠ

124
00:09:34,860 --> 00:09:40,790
ุตุงุฑ ู„ู‡ุง activation ุงู„ู€clone ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู†ุŒ ู‚ุณู… ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡

125
00:09:40,790 --> 00:09:45,470
memory cells ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ุฃู†ุช ุฎู„ูŠูƒ ู…ุง ุชุณูŠุฑุด ุฃูŠ 

126
00:09:45,470 --> 00:09:49,590
development ุฎู„ูŠูƒ ุตุงุญูŠุŒ ู„ูˆ ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฌุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง

127
00:09:49,590 --> 00:09:53,710
ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ antigen ุฏุฎู„ุŒ ุฃู†ุช ุจุชุดูˆู ุดุบู„ูƒุŒ ุงู„ูˆุฒูŠุฑ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ

128
00:09:53,710 --> 00:09:58,690
ู„ุฃ ุจูŠู†ุถุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ู‰ ุจู€ plasma cellsุŒ ุงู„ู€ plasma

129
00:09:58,690 --> 00:10:02,490
cells ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุฌุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ antibodiesุŒ ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ู€

130
00:10:02,490 --> 00:10:07,840
antibodies ุชู†ุชุฌ ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ plasma cellsุŒ ุฃุญู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ

131
00:10:07,840 --> 00:10:12,800
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชู„ุฎูŠุต ุณุฑูŠุน ู„ูƒู† ู‡ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุชูุงุตูŠู„ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฒูŠ

132
00:10:12,800 --> 00:10:15,980
ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง cells of the immune system

133
00:10:15,980 --> 00:10:20,020
ุจู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง myeloid ูˆ lymphoidุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ myeloid ู‚ุณู…ู†ุงู‡ุง

134
00:10:20,020 --> 00:10:24,480
ู„ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† granulocytic ูˆ monocyticุŒ ุงู„ู€ granules ุงู„ู„ูŠ

135
00:10:24,480 --> 00:10:27,980
ูุงูƒุฑูŠู†ู‡ู…ุŒ ุงู„ู€ granulocytes ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงู„ู€

136
00:10:27,980 --> 00:10:33,300
neutrophil ูˆ ุงู„ู€ basophil ูˆ ุงู„ู€ eosinophilุŒ ุทุจุนุง ุตู†ูู‡

137
00:10:33,300 --> 00:10:40,040
feel eosinophil ุฃูˆ basophil ุฃูˆ neutrophil ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู€ acidity ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€

138
00:10:40,040 --> 00:10:45,350
pH ุชุจุนู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฏุฎู‘ู„ุŒ ุงู„ู€ monocytic ููŠ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ

139
00:10:45,350 --> 00:10:48,930
ุงู„ู€ macrophage ูˆ ุงู„ู€ ... ุงู„ู€ ... ุงู„ู€ Langerhans ูˆ ุงู„ู€

140
00:10:48,930 --> 00:10:53,170
Kupffer cells ูˆ ุงู„ู€ dendritic cells ูˆ ุงู„ู€ dendritic

141
00:10:53,170 --> 00:10:56,070
cellsุŒ ู‡ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ูƒู„ู‡ู… monocytic cellsุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ mono

142
00:10:56,070 --> 00:11:00,470
cytesุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ monocytesุŒ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ู€ lymphoid ุงู„ู€

143
00:11:00,470 --> 00:11:05,750
lymphoid cells ุจุชู‚ุณู… ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุชุดูˆููˆุง ุฅู„ู‰ T cells ูˆ B

144
00:11:05,750 --> 00:11:09,490
cellsุŒ ูˆุทุจุนุง dendritic cells ุณุงุนุชู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุนู„ุงู…ุฉ ุงุณุชูู‡ุงู…

145
00:11:09,490 --> 00:11:13,770
ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ under investigation ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ุชุงุจุนุฉ

146
00:11:13,770 --> 00:11:17,990
ุงู„ู€ lymphoid cellsุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ T cells ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ู…ู†ู‡ุง

147
00:11:17,990 --> 00:11:22,030
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ cytotoxic T cell ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ CD8 ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€

148
00:11:22,030 --> 00:11:25,890
helper cell ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ CD4ุŒ ุงู„ู€ B cells ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง

149
00:11:25,890 --> 00:11:28,190
ุจูŠู†ุจุซู‚ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ plasma cells

150
00:11:31,740 --> 00:11:37,980
ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ู€ immune system could be classified based on

151
00:11:37,980 --> 00:11:44,020
many variablesุŒ ูˆุญู‚ ุงู„ู€ specificity ุฃู†ู‡ specific ูˆ

152
00:11:44,020 --> 00:11:49,200
ู„ุง non specificุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู„ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู… ุจูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ู„ุฅู† ู‡ูˆ ุนุงุฑู

153
00:11:49,200 --> 00:11:52,920
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ antigen ูƒูŠู ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ูƒูŠู ุจุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุนุงู‡

154
00:11:52,920 --> 00:11:58,880
ูˆู„ุง ุฃูŠ ... ุจุดูƒู„ ... ู…ุด ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุฌูˆุฒ ... ุจุดูƒู„ ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡

155
00:11:58,880 --> 00:12:03,520
ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุชุฎุตุต ... ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุชุฎุตุต ... ุฏุฎู„ ู„ุณู† ... ุงุชุนุฑูู†ุง ุนู„ูŠู‡

156
00:12:03,520 --> 00:12:06,160
ุฅู† ู‡ูˆ ุบุฑูŠุจ ... ุงู†ุชู‡ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ... ุจู†ู‡ุงุฌู…ู‡ ... ูƒุฃูŠ

157
00:12:06,160 --> 00:12:11,080
ุฅู† ุงู„ู…ุงู† ูƒุงู† ... ุฃู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆ ุชุญุช ุงู„ู€ specific ูˆ non

158
00:12:11,080 --> 00:12:14,660
specificุŒ ู„ุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุนูŠู† ... humoral ูˆ cellular ...

159
00:12:14,660 --> 00:12:18,420
ุชุนุงู„ูˆุง ู†ูู‡ู… ุฅูŠุด ู…ุนู†ู‰ humoral ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ... humoral

160
00:12:18,420 --> 00:12:22,670
ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ุณุงุฆู„ ... ุณุงุฆู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุณุงุฆู„ุฉุŒ ุฅูŠุด ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ...

161
00:12:22,670 --> 00:12:26,870
ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุณุงุฆู„ุฉุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุบูŠุฑ ุฎู„ูˆูŠุฉุŒ ุบูŠุฑ ุฎู„ูˆูŠุฉุŒ ู…ุง ููŠุด ููŠู‡ุง

162
00:12:26,870 --> 00:12:30,810
ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ูˆู„ุง ู…ุง ููŠุด ู…ู…ูƒู† antibodiesุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู† complementุŒ

163
00:12:30,810 --> 00:12:33,770
ู…ู…ูƒู† proteinsุŒ non-proteinsุŒ componentุŒ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ

164
00:12:33,770 --> 00:12:37,310
ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ู…ุง ููŠุด ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุฎู„ุงูŠุงุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุงุŸ humoral

165
00:12:37,310 --> 00:12:42,150
immuneุŒ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ cellular immunityุŒ ุทุจุนุง ูˆุงุถุญ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุณู…

166
00:12:42,150 --> 00:12:47,170
ุฎู„ูˆูŠุฉุŒ ุจุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ูˆู‚ุชู‡ุง ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุนุดุงู† ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ุชุตู†ูŠูุงุช ุจุนุถ

167
00:12:47,170 --> 00:12:53,050
ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ุจูŠุญุทู†ุง ููŠ ู‚ู„ุจ ู…ุนูŠู†ุŒ ุงุญู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฑุฏุฉ

168
00:12:53,050 --> 00:12:58,910
ูุนู„ ู…ู†ุงุนูŠุฉุŒ ู‡ู„ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง cellular immunity ูˆู„ุง humoral

169
00:12:58,910 --> 00:13:01,990
ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ู€ immunityุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุขุฎุฑ ุฅู† ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ

170
00:13:01,990 --> 00:13:06,310
ู„ุญุงู„ู‡ุง ุชุตูŠุฑ ูˆุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ุง ุชุตูŠุฑุดุŒ ุบุงู„ุจุง ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑูˆุง

171
00:13:16,720 --> 00:13:20,780
ู†ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุฅู„ู‰ Intracellular ูˆ Extracellular

172
00:13:20,780 --> 00:13:23,960
ูˆุงู„ู€ Intracellular ุชุณูŠุจูˆุง ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุฃุจู„ุฌุงุช ูˆู„ุง

173
00:13:23,960 --> 00:13:30,360
ูุงูƒูˆู„ุชุงุชุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ู‡ูŠ IntracellularุŒ ูู€ Extracellular

174
00:13:30,360 --> 00:13:34,440
ุฃู‡ู… component ููŠ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ humoral innate

175
00:13:34,440 --> 00:13:37,420
ูˆุฃู‡ู… component ููŠ ุงู„ู€ humoral innate ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุจุงุฏูŠ

176
00:13:37,420 --> 00:13:41,200
ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู„ู…ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุนุงูŠุดุฉ

177
00:13:45,730 --> 00:13:52,570
ุฃู‡ู… component ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ cellular immunity

178
00:13:52,570 --> 00:13:57,190
ุฃูˆ ุฅู„ู‡ุง ุงุณู… ุซุงู†ูŠ cell-mediated immunityุŒ ูุงูƒุฑูŠู†

179
00:13:57,190 --> 00:14:03,430
ูƒู„ู…ุฉ cytotoxic T cell ูˆ natural killer cellุŸ ู‡ุฐูˆู„

180
00:14:03,430 --> 00:14:08,490
ุจู†ุชู‡ูŠูˆุง ุฅูŠุด ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุฉ ุฏูˆู„ุฉุŸ ุทุจู‚ู†ุง ู„ู‡ ุฎู„ุงูŠุงุŒ ุทุจ ุฃูŠ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง

181
00:14:08,490 --> 00:14:12,090
ุจูŠู‚ุชู„ูˆุง ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจุฉุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ู…ุง ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุชูƒูˆู†

182
00:14:12,090 --> 00:14:17,490
ุฌูˆุง ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุชุจุนู†ุง ุฃูˆ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ูŠูƒูˆู†ุŒ ูุจู†ู‚ุฏุฑุด

183
00:14:17,490 --> 00:14:21,370
ู†ู‚ุชู„ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุงุŒ ูุจู†ู‚ุชู„ ู…ูŠู† ุงุญู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ

184
00:14:21,370 --> 00:14:25,030
ุจุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ุงุŒ ุฅุฐุง ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู€ T cell ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ cell

185
00:14:25,030 --> 00:14:27,930
mediated immunity ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุฃู‡ู…

186
00:14:32,150 --> 00:14:34,830
ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู‚ุฏุงู…ูƒุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุตูุฑ ุฃูˆ ุนู„ู‰

187
00:14:34,830 --> 00:14:37,350
ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ููŠู‡ ู…ู† ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ

188
00:14:37,350 --> 00:14:42,090
ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุงุชุŒ ุงู„ู€ immunity ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ immunity ุงู„ู€ ุงู„ู€

189
00:14:42,090 --> 00:14:44,510
violence ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ type of microorganism ูˆ ุงู„ู€

190
00:14:44,510 --> 00:14:50,450
numberุŒ ุจูˆุฑุงุณ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ุงู„ุฌุฑุนุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ numberุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐูˆู„

191
00:14:50,450 --> 00:14:53,570
ุงู„ุชู„ุงุช ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุฏุฏูˆุง ุฅู…ุง ุงู„ู€ frequency of

192
00:14:53,570 --> 00:14:56,810
disease ุฃูˆ ุญุชู‰ ุงู„ู€ severity of diseaseุŒ ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ

193
00:14:56,810 --> 00:15:01,930
frequencyุŸ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุญุฏูˆุซู‡ ุฃูˆ ุดุฏุชู‡ุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุดุฏุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ุŒ

194
00:15:01,930 --> 00:15:08,690
ู„ูƒู† ู…ุฑุงุฑุง ูˆุชูƒุฑุงุฑุง ุฃู†ุง ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุงุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ

195
00:15:08,690 --> 00:15:13,430
ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ immunity ู„ู… ู†ุณุชุทุน ู‚ูŠุงุณู‡ุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ

196
00:15:13,430 --> 00:15:18,210
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุง ู†ู‚ุฏุฑุด ู†ุญุท ู…ุญู„ู‡ุง

197
00:15:18,210 --> 00:15:21,890
ุฃุฑู‚ุงู…ุŒ ุบุงู„ุจุง ู…ุง ู†ุญุทุด ู…ุญู„ู‡ุง ุฃุฑู‚ุงู…ุŒ ู†ุนูˆุถ ููŠู‡ุง ูˆ ู†ุญุตู„

198
00:15:21,890 --> 00:15:26,110
ุนู„ู‰ ู†ุณุจุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ู‡ูŠ logical equationุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

199
00:15:26,110 --> 00:15:30,470
ุฎู„ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ู…ู†ุทู‚ูŠุฉ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุญุณุงุจุŒ ุทูŠุจ

200
00:15:30,470 --> 00:15:34,710
ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉุŒ ุจุฏุง ู…ู†ุทู„ู‚ ู„ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุฌุงู†ุจูŠู† ุทุจุนุง

201
00:15:34,710 --> 00:15:38,870
ู„ู…ุง ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุชู„ู‚ุงุฆูŠุง ุจูŠุชุจุงุฏู„

202
00:15:38,870 --> 00:15:42,890
ู„ุฐู‡ู† ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฅูŠุฌุงุจูŠ ุฃุตู„ุงุŒ ู„ุฃ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฅูŠุฌุงุจูŠ ููŠ ุฅู†ู‡

203
00:15:42,890 --> 00:15:48,810
ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู†ุง ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุบุฒุงุฉ ุงู„ู€ invadersุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„

204
00:15:48,810 --> 00:15:54,050
ุญุชู‰ ูƒู…ุงู† ู‚ุชู„ ูˆ destruction ู„ู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉุŒ

205
00:15:54,050 --> 00:15:57,630
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ุชูƒูˆู†ุช ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุณุฑุทุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ุจุงู„ูƒ ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠู‡ุงุฌู…ู‡ุง

206
00:15:57,630 --> 00:16:01,070
ุฃูˆ ู„ุง ุจูŠู‡ุงุฌู…ู‡ุงุŸ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ

207
00:16:01,070 --> 00:16:05,970
ุฅู„ู‡ ุฏูˆุฑูŠู†ุŒ ุจูŠุญุงุฑุจ ุงู„ุบุฒุงุฉุŒ ูˆู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุบุฑูŠุจุฉ

208
00:16:05,970 --> 00:16:10,210
ุฌูˆุงุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุบุฑูŠุจุฉ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุขุฎุฑุŒ ู†ู…ูˆู‡ุง ู…ุด ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŒ ุจุฑุถู‡

209
00:16:10,210 --> 00:16:16,120
ุจูŠู‚ุชู„ู‡ุงุŒ ู„ูƒู† ููŠู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† ู„ู‡ ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุถุนูุŒ determinantุŒ ุฅูŠุด

210
00:16:16,120 --> 00:16:21,400
ุชุฃุซูŠุฑู‡ ุงู„ุถุนูุŸ ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€ inflammation ุงู„ู†ุงุฌู…ุฉ ุนู† ุดุบู„ู‡

211
00:16:21,400 --> 00:16:26,420
ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ุŒ ุงุญู†ุง ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ู…ุจู†ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉุŒ ุงู„ู…ุจู†ู‰

212
00:16:26,420 --> 00:16:29,100
ูƒูˆูŠุณ ูˆู„ุง ... ู„ูƒู† ุงุญู†ุง ู‚ุงุนุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุชุณู…ุน

213
00:16:29,100 --> 00:16:34,380
ุงู„ุตูˆุช ุงู„ู…ุฒุนุฌุŒ ู…ูŠู† ู…ุฒุนุฌุŸ ุจู…ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุจุดูŠุก ุฅูŠุฌุงุจูŠุŒ

214
00:16:34,380 --> 00:16:37,700
ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉุŒ ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉุŒ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุฅูŠุฌุงุจูŠ

215
00:16:37,700 --> 00:16:43,540
ุชุจุนู‡ุŒ ู‚ุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุณุจุจ ุฅู†ู‡ discomfortุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู‡ู… ู…ู†

216
00:16:43,540 --> 00:16:50,080
ุฐู„ูƒ ุฑู‚ู… ุงุซู†ูŠู†ุŒ damage to selfุŒ ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ damage to

217
00:16:50,080 --> 00:16:54,400
self ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนุฑู ุฅู†ู‡ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ programmed ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุชุนุฑู

218
00:16:54,400 --> 00:16:57,960
ุนู„ู‰ ุฎู„ุงูŠุงู†ุงุŒ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง selfุŒ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ others in a non

219
00:16:57,960 --> 00:17:03,440
selfุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŒ ูƒู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุขู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ

220
00:17:03,440 --> 00:17:06,140
ู…ุง ูƒุงู†ูˆุด ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ูƒุงู† ูˆู„ุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠู†ุง ุฌุงู„ุณ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡

221
00:17:06,140 --> 00:17:06,680
ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ

222
00:17:09,360 --> 00:17:13,140
ุทูŠุจ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุจูŠูุดู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุชู…ูŠูŠุฒ ุจูŠู† self ูˆ non

223
00:17:13,140 --> 00:17:16,660
-selfุŸ ู†ุนู… ุจูŠูุดู„ุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุฃุณุจุงุจุŸ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ูƒุชูŠุฑุฉุŒ ุฃู‡

224
00:17:16,660 --> 00:17:21,280
ูŠูุชูƒุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุฅูŠู‡ ู„ู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ microbiologyุŒ ุงู„ุขู†

225
00:17:21,280 --> 00:17:26,900
ู„ูˆ ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ู„ุจุณุชุŒ ูุงูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„ุฎุฑูˆูุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู„ูˆ ู„ุจุณุช

226
00:17:26,900 --> 00:17:32,040
ุฃู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุฃู†ุชุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุดุจูŠู‡ุฉ ุจุฃู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู†ุงุชู†ุง

227
00:17:32,040 --> 00:17:36,900
ุงุญู†ุงุŒ ูˆุงู„ู†ูุท ุงู„ุนุฏู„ ุชู„ู‚ุงู„ูŠุŒ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุดุจูŠู‡ุฉ ู…ุด ู…ุทุงุจู‚ุฉุŒ

228
00:17:36,900 --> 00:17:41,450
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุชุดุงุจู‡ุฉ ุจุจุนุถ ู…ุด ู†ุณุฎุฉ ุนู† ุจุนุถุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†

229
00:17:41,450 --> 00:17:44,890
ุชุนุฑู ุฃูˆ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุนุฑู ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ antigen ุชุจุน

230
00:17:44,890 --> 00:17:49,450
ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ูˆูƒูˆู‘ู† ุฃุฌุณุงู… ู…ุถุงุฏุฉุŒ ุงู„ุฃุฌุณุงู… ุงู„ู…ุถุงุฏุฉ ู„ู„ุฃุณู

231
00:17:49,450 --> 00:17:53,670
ุงู„ู€ specificity ุชุจุนู‡ุง ู…ุง ู‚ุฏุฑุช ุชุชู…ูŠุฒ ุงู„ูุฑูˆู‚ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ

232
00:17:53,670 --> 00:17:57,590
ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู†ุŒ ูุนู…ู„ุช ุฃุฏุงุช ู…ู† ุชุจุน ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ูˆุนู…ู„ุช ุฃุฏุงุช

233
00:17:57,590 --> 00:17:58,090
ู…ู† ุชุจุนู†ุง

234
00:18:02,680 --> 00:18:06,300
ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ antibodies ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ุชูˆุฌู‡ ุถุฏ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุงุŒ ุณุงุณู…ูŠู†

235
00:18:06,300 --> 00:18:11,360
ู„ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจุŒ ุทุจุนุง ู‡ูŠ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุทุจุนุง ุจุฏู„

236
00:18:11,360 --> 00:18:15,160
ู…ุง ุชุถุฑุจูˆุง ุนุดุฑุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ูŠูƒููŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชุชุญู…ู„ูˆุงุŒ ู„ูƒู†

237
00:18:15,160 --> 00:18:20,020
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุฌุณู… ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุจูŠู†ุถุฑุŒ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุชุนุฑููˆุง ุฃู†ุชูˆ

238
00:18:20,020 --> 00:18:24,440
ุงู„ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจ ุงู„ู„ูˆุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ tonsillitis streptococcus

239
00:18:24,440 --> 00:18:31,940
virus ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ุญูŠู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ุŒ ูุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตุงุจ ู…ุฑุงุฑุง ูˆ

240
00:18:31,940 --> 00:18:37,040
ุชูƒุฑุงุฑุง ุจุงู„ู€ tonsillitis ... ูƒู„ูƒู… ุจุชุณู…ุนูˆุง ุฅู†ู‡ ุจูŠุญุงูˆู„

241
00:18:37,040 --> 00:18:41,800
ุฅู† ุฃู‡ู„ู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ู„ู‡ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฅุฒุงู„ุฉ ู„ุงุฒู… ... ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชูƒุฑุฑ

242
00:18:41,800 --> 00:18:45,680
ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ tonsillitis ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู…ุฑู‡ 15 ุณู†ุฉ

243
00:18:45,680 --> 00:18:50,780
ู„ูƒู† ู‚ู„ุจู‡ ุนู…ุฑู‡ 80 ุณู†ุฉุŒ ุงู„ู…ูุงุตู„ุฉ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู…ุฑู‡ุง 60 ุณู†ุฉุŒ

244
00:18:50,780 --> 00:18:54,460
ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ attack ู„ู„ู€ antibodies ... ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ attack

245
00:18:54,460 --> 00:18:57,280
ู„ู„ู€ antibodies ุดูˆ ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ูŠุง ุจู†ุงุชุŸ ู‡ูˆ ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุงู„ู€ ...

246
00:18:57,280 --> 00:18:59,720
ุงู„ู€ ... ุงู„ู€ antibody ุจุงู„ู€ ... ุจุงู„ู€ ... ุจุงู„ู€ ... ุจุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ู…ุด

247
00:18:59,720 --> 00:19:04,080
ูƒุซูŠุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุถุฑุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ู„ู€ activation ู„ู„ู€

248
00:19:04,080 --> 00:19:07,830
complementุŒ ูˆุงู„ูƒู…ู„ุฉ ุจุชุนู…ู„ destruction ู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

249
00:19:07,830 --> 00:19:11,210
ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ antibodyุŒ ูุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ destructionุŒ ูุจูŠุตูŠุฑ

250
00:19:11,210 --> 00:19:16,130
ููŠ destruction ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุธู‡ุฑ ุงู„ุฃุซุฑ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุญุชู‰ ูˆุฅู† 

251
00:19:16,130 --> 00:19:19,050
ุจู„ุฏ ุงู„ุชูˆู†ุณูˆู„ูŠุชุณ ุจู‚ุช ุตุฏูŠู‚ุฉ ุฅู† ุงุญู†ุง ุตุบุงุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู„ ุดู‡ุฑ

252
00:19:19,050 --> 00:19:23,410
ุดู‡ุฑูŠู† ู…ุตุงุจ ู…ุฑุฉ ูˆุงุญู†ุง ุตุบุงุฑ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ frequency ุชุจุน

253
00:19:23,410 --> 00:19:27,890
ุญูŠู† ู…ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุจุงู„ูุนู„ ุจุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุฎุงุทุฑ ุฌุณูŠู…ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ

254
00:19:27,890 --> 00:19:31,150
ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ complication ุฃูˆ ุงู„ sequella ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ

255
00:19:31,150 --> 00:19:37,910
immunological ูˆุงู„ุณุจุจ ููŠู‡ุง ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุตุญูŠุญ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุณุจุจ

256
00:19:37,910 --> 00:19:40,410
triggeringุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุชุฌ ุงู„

257
00:19:40,410 --> 00:19:44,110
antibody ู‡ูˆ ู…ู† ุจูŠุณู…ู†ุงุŒ ูุงู„ุถุฑุฑ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจูŠุณู…ู†ุงุŒ

258
00:19:44,110 --> 00:19:48,610
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุจุฑุถู‡ autoimmuneุŒ ุฅุฐู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ูˆู‚ุช .. ุฃู†ุง

259
00:19:48,610 --> 00:19:51,950
ููŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ุถุฑุฑ ุซุงู„ุซ ู…ุด ู…ุฐูƒูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุจูˆุฑุฉุŒ ุจุณ ุฏู‡ ูƒุงู†ุช

260
00:19:51,950 --> 00:19:55,930
ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠุฉุŒ ู„ู…ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ุฑุฏ ูุนู„ ุจุฌู‡ุฉ ุจุนุฏูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุนู‚ ุบูŠุฑ

261
00:19:55,930 --> 00:20:00,210
ู…ุชู†ุงุณุจุฉ ู…ุน ุญุฌู… ุงู„ antigenุŒ ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ููŠู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ุงู„ super

262
00:20:00,210 --> 00:20:06,080
antigen ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃุญุฏ ูŠุชุฎูŠู„ ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฏุจุงุจุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุฏู‡ ูˆ

263
00:20:06,080 --> 00:20:12,920
ุฑูˆุญุชู‡ ุฎุงุจ ู…ุณุฏุณ ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ ู„ุฑุฏ ุงู„ูุนู„ุŸ ู‡ุชุญุฏุซ

264
00:20:12,920 --> 00:20:17,100
ุถุฑุฑ ููŠ ุถุฑุฑุŸ ู‡ุชุญุฏุซ ุถุฑุฑ ุฅุฐุง ู„ู…ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ exaggerated

265
00:20:17,100 --> 00:20:20,120
immune response ุจุงู„ูุนู„ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุถุฑุฑ ููŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ุถุฑุฑ

266
00:20:20,120 --> 00:20:25,940
ุฑุงุจุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ hypersensitivity ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฌูŽุฑู’ุณูŽุฉ ู†ุญู„ุฉ ูˆ

267
00:20:25,940 --> 00:20:29,140
ุฎู„ุงู„ .. ุฎู„ุงู„ ุฑุจุน ุณุงุนุฉ ูˆู†ุตู ุณุงุนุฉ ุงู†ุชูุฎ ูˆุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‡

268
00:20:29,140 --> 00:20:33,200
ุงุญู…ุฑุงุฑ ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ุฏู…ูˆูŠ ูŠูุดู„ ููŠ ุงู„ failure ูˆ

269
00:20:33,200 --> 00:20:37,440
ูŠู…ูˆุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู…ู‡ immediate type hypersensitive ู‡ุฐุง ุฑุฏ

270
00:20:37,440 --> 00:20:42,320
ูุนู„ ู…ู†ุงุนูŠ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฅุฐุง 

271
00:20:42,320 --> 00:20:46,420
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุจ .. ุจ .. ุจู…ู‚ุงุจู„ ุงู„ููˆุงุฆุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุฌู†ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุฌู‡ุงุฒ

272
00:20:46,420 --> 00:20:50,160
ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ุถุงุฑ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุญุฏุซ

273
00:20:55,080 --> 00:20:59,860
ุชู‚ุณูŠู…ุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ adaptive and innate immunity ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏุฃุช

274
00:20:59,860 --> 00:21:03,540
ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒู… ุจูŠู‡ุง ุจูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ุงู„ innate ู…ุง ุจุชุชุนู„ู…ุด ุงู„

275
00:21:03,540 --> 00:21:04,960
adaptive ุจุชุชุนู„ู…

276
00:21:07,140 --> 00:21:10,180
ู„ูŠุด ุจุชุชุนู„ู…ุด ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ innateุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ูˆุด

277
00:21:10,180 --> 00:21:13,440
memory ู…ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ูˆุด memory ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฒูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู†ู‚ุนุฏ ู†ุดุฑุญ ู„ู‡

278
00:21:13,440 --> 00:21:16,980
ู…ุงุฆุฉ ู…ุฑุฉ microbiology ูˆู…ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ูˆุด ุฐุงูƒุฑุฉ ูˆู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู„ู‡ ุจูŠุฏูŠ

279
00:21:16,980 --> 00:21:21,200
ุงู…ุชุญุงู†ุŒ ุจูŠู†ุฌุญุŸ ู…ุง ุจูŠู†ุฌุญุด ูˆู„ุง ุนู…ุฑู‡ ู‚ุฏุฑ ูˆู„ุง ุนุตุฑ .. ูŠู…ูƒู†

280
00:21:21,200 --> 00:21:23,600
ูŠู†ุณู‰ ุงู„ูุตู„ .. ูŠู†ุณู‰ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑูˆูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ููŠ

281
00:21:23,600 --> 00:21:28,520
ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฃุณุงุณู‹ุงุŒ ู…ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ูˆุด .. ู…ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ูˆุด ุฐุงูƒุฑุฉ ูุฌู‡ุงุฒ

282
00:21:28,520 --> 00:21:31,660
ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ .. ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ .. ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุจูŠู‚ุณู… ุฅู„ู‰

283
00:21:31,660 --> 00:21:35,930
ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู† ุฃู†ุง ุจุฃู‚ู„ู„ ู…ู† ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุงู„ innate

284
00:21:35,930 --> 00:21:40,810
immune system ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุจุชุชุนู„ู…ุด ู„ุฃ ู„ูƒู† ุฃู†ุง ุจุฃู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒู…

285
00:21:40,810 --> 00:21:45,050
ุจุฃูˆุตู ู„ูƒู… ุญุงู„ุชู‡ ุฅู† ู‡ูˆ ุจุงู„ูุนู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠุชุนู„ู…ุด ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„

286
00:21:45,050 --> 00:21:48,070
adaptive immune system ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ memory ุขุฎุฑ

287
00:21:48,070 --> 00:21:52,870
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุชู„ุงุชูŠู†ุง development of memory ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ

288
00:21:52,870 --> 00:21:57,230
ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุจุชุชุนู„ู… ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‚ุจู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง

289
00:21:57,230 --> 00:21:59,530
ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุจุชุดุชุบู„ ุจุชุชุญูˆู„ ู„ plasma cell ูˆุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุชุชุญูˆู„

290
00:21:59,530 --> 00:22:04,500
ู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู„ memory cell ุจูŠู‡ุง ุจูŠุชุนู„ู… ูˆุจูŠุชุฐูƒุฑ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู„ู…ุง

291
00:22:04,500 --> 00:22:08,500
ุงู„ microbe ุชู‚ูˆู„ ูƒุฏู‡ ู…ุฑุฉ ุงุญู†ุง we are ready ูˆูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ู†

292
00:22:08,500 --> 00:22:11,920
ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู…ุนุฏูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุฒู…ุงู† ู‚ุงุชู„ุฉ ุฃุตุจุญุช ุบูŠุฑ

293
00:22:11,920 --> 00:22:19,040
ู‚ุงุฏุฑุฉ ุฃุนุทูŠูƒู… ุจุณ ู…ุซุงู„ ุจุณูŠุท ูƒุงู†ุช

294
00:22:19,040 --> 00:22:24,220
ู„ู…ุง ุงู„ุญุตุจุฉ ุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุญุงุฑุฉ .. ุญุงุฑุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ

295
00:22:24,220 --> 00:22:29,910
ุชู‚ุชู„ ู†ุตู ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆู„ูˆุฏูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ู…ุฑุฉ ุชุฏุฎู„

296
00:22:29,910 --> 00:22:34,910
ุนู„ู‰ ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุชุตู„ ููŠู‡ุง ู„ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุชู„ุงุชูŠู† ููŠ

297
00:22:34,910 --> 00:22:41,290
ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู„ู…ุง ุงู„ smallpox ูƒุงู† ูŠุตูŠุจ ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ูƒุงู†ุช ู†ุณุจุฉ

298
00:22:41,290 --> 00:22:44,570
ุงู„ู‚ุชู„ ูˆุงู„ุฏู…ุงุฑ ูˆุงู„ุชุดูˆู‘ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู†ุงุชุฌ ุนู†ู‡ ุจู‚ูˆุฉ ูƒูˆู†ู‡

299
00:22:44,570 --> 00:22:49,470
ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุง ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ู…ูู†ูุนุช ู…ูู†ูุนุฉ ุฃูˆ ุดุจู‡

300
00:22:49,470 --> 00:22:55,030
ู…ูู†ูุนุฉ ุจุงู„ vaccination ุงูŠุด ุงู„ vaccinationุŸ memory

301
00:22:56,050 --> 00:23:00,610
ุฃู†ุง ุนุฑุถุช ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ู„ู„ antigen ููƒูˆู† memory

302
00:23:00,610 --> 00:23:04,290
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ูŠู…ูƒู† ูƒู„ ูŠูˆู… ุจุฌูŠ ุฃุฏุฎู„ ุฃู†ุง ุจูŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุญุตุจุฉ

303
00:23:04,290 --> 00:23:12,850
ูˆู…ุง ุฃู†ุตุจู†ุงุด ู„ุฃู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ู† ูŠูƒุงูุญ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุญุตุจุฉ ู†ูุณ

304
00:23:12,850 --> 00:23:18,850
ุงู„ุฌุซุฉ ู‡ูˆ ุฅู† ุฃู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุจุฃุนุทูŠ immunity ูˆ memory ู…ุน

305
00:23:18,850 --> 00:23:24,050
ุงู„ immunity ุทูŠุจ ุฅู† ุฃู†ุง ุฃุนู…ู„ ุจุฑุถู‡ ูุฑูˆู‚ุงุช ุงู„ุฃูˆู„

306
00:23:28,620 --> 00:23:34,280
antigen dependent ูƒู„ ุฌู…ู„ุฉ ุจู†ุญูƒูŠู‡ุง ุชุคุฏูŠ ู„ูˆุฑู‚ู‡ุง ููŠ

307
00:23:34,280 --> 00:23:37,220
ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ู…ุงุฏุงู… antigen dependent ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ memory ู†ุฌุญุช

308
00:23:37,220 --> 00:23:44,720
ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ ุงู„ lag period ูƒูˆู†ู‡ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฐูƒูŠุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰

309
00:23:44,720 --> 00:23:48,240
ููŠู‡ุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุฎุทูŠุท ููŠู‡ุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุฎุทูŠุท ูˆุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุฎุทูŠุท

310
00:23:48,240 --> 00:23:53,140
ุจุชุฃุฎุฐ budget ุฃู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจุฃุฌูŠ ุจุฃุฎุฐ action ุจู‚ุนุฏ ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง ู†ุต

311
00:23:53,140 --> 00:23:58,330
ุณุงุนุฉ ุณุงุนุฉ ุจูƒุชุจ ุฌุฏูˆู„ ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุจุฌูŠ ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ู„ูƒู† ุฅุฐุง ุฃู†ุง

312
00:23:58,330 --> 00:24:01,290
ุฌุงู‡ุฒุŒ ุฎู„ุงุตุŒ ุงู†ุชู‡ูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุนุŒ ู†ุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ

313
00:24:01,290 --> 00:24:04,810
ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Adaptive ู…ุง ููŠุด

314
00:24:04,810 --> 00:24:09,110
ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฃูŠ ูุชุฑุฉ ุฌุงู‡ุฒ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุฌู‡ุฒ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉุŒ ู…ุง ุจูŠุถุทุฑุด

315
00:24:09,110 --> 00:24:12,250
ูŠูู‡ู…ุŒ ุจุณ ู†ูุณุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ุจูŠูู‡ู…ุŒ

316
00:24:12,250 --> 00:24:16,590
ูู„ุงุฒู… ูŠููƒุฑ ูˆูŠุนู…ู„ ุฅุฌุฑุงุกุงุชู‡ ุซุงู†ูŠุŒ ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ููŠ ูุชุฑุฉ

317
00:24:16,590 --> 00:24:19,890
ุฒู…ู†ูŠุฉ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุฏุฎูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ูŠูƒุฑูˆุจ ูˆุจูŠู† ุธู‡ูˆุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„

318
00:24:19,890 --> 00:24:24,470
effect ุชุจุน ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ Antigenic specific within

319
00:24:24,470 --> 00:24:31,240
development of memory ุทูŠุจ ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„

320
00:24:31,240 --> 00:24:34,740
adaptive ูˆ ุงู„ innate immune system ุจุณ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ู‡ุงุฏูŠ

321
00:24:34,740 --> 00:24:38,920
ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุงู„ู…ูƒูˆู‘ู†ุฉ ู„ูƒู„ ู…ู†ู‡ู…ุง ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„

322
00:24:38,920 --> 00:24:42,340
ุงู„ physical barriers barriers ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ุญูˆุงุฌุฒ ูู‡ูˆ

323
00:24:42,340 --> 00:24:48,420
ุญูˆุงุฌุฒ ููŠุฒูŠุงุฆูŠุฉ skin, gut, villi ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ villi

324
00:24:48,420 --> 00:24:53,460
ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ intestine ุงู„ lung ูˆ ุงู„ cilia

325
00:24:54,360 --> 00:24:59,580
ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุนู†ุงุตุฑ physical ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ innate immune

326
00:24:59,580 --> 00:25:05,720
system ุทูˆู„ ุนู…ุฑู†ุง ุงู„ุฌู„ุฏ ุชุจุนู†ุง ุจู†ุฌุฑุญ ูˆุจูŠุบุชุฃู… ุทูˆู„

327
00:25:05,720 --> 00:25:11,680
ุนู…ุฑู†ุง ุฌู„ุฏู†ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูˆู…ู…ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุชุฏุฎู„ ุฌูˆุงุŒ ุฅุฐุง 

328
00:25:11,680 --> 00:25:14,680
ูƒูŠู ุชุฏุฎู„ ุฌูˆุง ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุงุŸ ู„ู…ุง ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุฎุฏุด

329
00:25:19,690 --> 00:25:24,130
ุงู„ุฌู„ุฏ ู„ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ู…ุด ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุฅู†ู‡ ุฌุฑุญ ู„ูƒู† ูˆุงู‚ุนูŠ

330
00:25:24,130 --> 00:25:28,450
ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ู‡ูˆ ุตุงุฑ ู…ุฌุฑูˆุญ ู„ูƒู† ู…ุด .. ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุตุทู„ุญ

331
00:25:28,450 --> 00:25:33,450
ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ุด intact skin ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ู…ุชูƒุงู…ู„ ูุงู„ skin ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ

332
00:25:33,450 --> 00:25:36,550
physical barrier ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏู‹ุง ููŠ ุงู„ innate immune

333
00:25:36,550 --> 00:25:39,610
system ุทุจุนู‹ุง ููŠ ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุนุงู„ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง

334
00:25:39,610 --> 00:25:43,030
ู‡ุฃุฏุฑุณูˆู‡ุง ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ gastric acid ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„

335
00:25:43,030 --> 00:25:46,610
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ููŠ ุฅู† ุงู„ุดู…ุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุฑูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุฐู† ูƒู…ุงู† ูŠุนุชุจุฑ

336
00:25:47,150 --> 00:25:51,110
Innate immunityุŒ ุงู„ู€ adaptive immunity ู…ุง ููŠู‡ุง

337
00:25:51,110 --> 00:25:55,850
physical barriers ู…ุง ููŠู‡ุง physical barriersุŒ

338
00:25:55,850 --> 00:26:01,490
soluble factors ููŠ ุงู„ innate immunity many soluble

339
00:26:01,490 --> 00:26:06,970
ุฃูˆ many proteins ูˆ non-protein factorsุŒ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ููŠ

340
00:26:06,970 --> 00:26:10,800
ุงู„ adaptive immunity ููŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ immunoglobulins ูˆ

341
00:26:10,800 --> 00:26:15,600
ุฎุงุตุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฐูƒุฑู†ุงู‡ ุงู„ IGA ูุงูƒุฑูŠู†ู‡ ุงู„ IGA ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ู„ู†ุง

342
00:26:15,600 --> 00:26:18,740
ุณูƒุฑุงุชูˆุฑูŠ ุฃูˆ solvigol ูˆุจุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ secretions

343
00:26:18,740 --> 00:26:20,860
ุจู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ุนุงุจ ุจู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ nose ุจู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ ููŠ ุงู„

344
00:26:20,860 --> 00:26:23,980
vagina ุจู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ ููŠ ุฃู†ุงูƒู† ููŠู‡ุง mucous membrane ููŠ

345
00:26:23,980 --> 00:26:26,680
ุงู„ุชุฑุงูƒูŠุง ุจู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ ู„ู…ุง ู‡ุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ

346
00:26:26,680 --> 00:26:32,340
ุชู†ุชุฌ IGA proteases ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ cells ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ

347
00:26:32,340 --> 00:26:36,320
ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒูŠู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ phagocytes ูˆ ุงู„ natural killer ูˆ

348
00:26:36,320 --> 00:26:40,730
ุงู„ eosinophil ูˆ ุงู„ K cells ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ adaptive

349
00:26:40,730 --> 00:26:44,930
immunity ู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู…ุนุชู…ุฏุฉ ุนู„ู…ูŠู‹ุง ุนู„ู‰ T ูˆ B lymphocytes

350
00:26:44,930 --> 00:26:51,750
ุฅุฐุง ุจุงู„ูุนู„ ุงู„ adaptive immunity ู…ุนุชู…ุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„

351
00:26:51,750 --> 00:26:56,650
immunoglobulins ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ T ูˆ ุงู„ B cells ุฅุฐุง ุทุจ

352
00:26:56,650 --> 00:27:00,530
ุชุนุฑู ุชู…ูŠุฒ ุงู„ adaptive immunity ุฅู„ู‰ ู‚ุณู…ูŠู† ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ

353
00:27:00,530 --> 00:27:00,770
ูŠุนู†ูŠ

354
00:27:05,200 --> 00:27:08,900
ุจุชุญุงูˆู„ ุชู„ุชู‚ุท ุงุดุฑูŠุดูƒ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุฅู† ุงู„ size of ุงู„

355
00:27:08,900 --> 00:27:13,660
macrofage ุถุฎู… ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ูุชุณุชุทูŠุน ููŠ ุญุฑูƒุฉ

356
00:27:13,660 --> 00:27:17,460
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ุชู‚ุงู„ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ูุงู„ู‡ุง ูƒูุงุกุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

357
00:27:17,460 --> 00:27:20,500
ู‡ู… ุงุณุชุทุงุนูˆุง ุฅู† ูŠู‚ู„ู„ูˆุง ู…ู† ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุชู‡ุง ููŠ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ

358
00:27:20,500 --> 00:27:23,960
ู‡ุฐุง

359
00:27:23,960 --> 00:27:30,620
ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุฏุงู…ู†ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุทู„ุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ูˆู†ุดูˆู ู†ู‚ุทุฉ

360
00:27:30,620 --> 00:27:31,200
ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ

361
00:27:34,510 --> 00:27:41,210
ูŠุงุฑูŠุช ุชุฑูƒุฒูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุตู‘ูˆูุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุฑุจูŠุŒ

362
00:27:41,210 --> 00:27:46,510
ูู„ู†ุนุฑู ุฅู† ุงู„ blood flows in vesselsุŒ ููŠ ุฃูˆุนูŠุฉุŒ

363
00:27:46,510 --> 00:27:51,050
ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃูˆุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏู…ูˆูŠุฉุŒ ุฅู…ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ุดุฑุงูŠูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุฃูˆุฑุฏุฉ ุฃูˆ

364
00:27:51,050 --> 00:27:57,030
ูƒุงุจูŠู„ุงุฑุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูˆุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุดุฑุงูŠูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุฃูˆุฑุฏุฉุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ

365
00:27:57,030 --> 00:28:02,940
stimuliุŒ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ stimuli ูˆูƒู„ู…ุฉ .. ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ุง ู…ุง ู†ุฏูŠ ุจุตุฑุงุญุฉ

366
00:28:02,940 --> 00:28:05,780
ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† infection ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ู…ุตุทู„ุญ ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡

367
00:28:05,780 --> 00:28:11,000
inflammation ุจุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ ุงู„ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจ ุบุงู„ุจู‹ุง referred to as

368
00:28:11,000 --> 00:28:14,620
ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจุงุช ูˆูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู†ุฏู‡ inflammation ุฃูˆ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุนุฏูˆู‰

369
00:28:14,620 --> 00:28:18,080
ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจุงุช ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุนุฏูˆู‰ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจ ุงู„ุนุฏูˆ ู‡ูŠ

370
00:28:18,080 --> 00:28:21,720
ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจ ู„ุฃู† ู„ูŠุณ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจ ู‡ูˆ ุนุฏูˆู‰ ูุงู„ inflammation ..

371
00:28:21,720 --> 00:28:24,460
ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ infection inflammation ุจุณ ู…ุด ูƒู„

372
00:28:24,460 --> 00:28:28,280
inflammation ู‡ูˆ .. ูุงู„ inflammation ู‡ูˆ response ู„ู„

373
00:28:28,280 --> 00:28:31,800
.. ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู„ injury ูˆูƒู„ู…ุฉ injury ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูู‡ู…ู‡ุง ุฌุฑุญ

374
00:28:31,800 --> 00:28:35,880
ุจุงู„ุณูƒูŠู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ุงู†ูƒุจู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุงุก ุณุงุฎู†ุฉ ู‡ุฐุง

375
00:28:35,880 --> 00:28:40,300
injury ู„ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ุฏุฎู„ ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุฃูˆ ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู‡ุฐุง 

376
00:28:40,300 --> 00:28:45,120
injury chemicals ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูŠ ุนุงู…ู„ ูŠุญุฏุซ ุถุฑุฑ

377
00:28:45,120 --> 00:28:50,520
ุจุฌุณู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูƒูˆู‘ู†ู‡ ุงุณุชุฌุงุจุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง inflammation ู…ู†

378
00:28:50,520 --> 00:28:54,500
ุถู…ู† ุงู„ inflammation ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ู‰ ุจู€ ุงู„ ..

379
00:28:54,500 --> 00:28:58,000
ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ acute phase proteins

380
00:28:58,000 --> 00:29:02,700
phase proteins ุญูŠู…ุฑู‘ ู…ุนุงู†ุง ุฐูƒุฑู‡ุง ููŠ .. ู„ู„ู€ .. ู„ู€ ..

381
00:29:02,700 --> 00:29:06,940
ู„ุทู„ุจุงุช ุณู†ุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู„ู…ุง .. ู†ูุชู‚ุฑ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุณู†ุฉ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุฏุฑุณูˆุง

382
00:29:06,940 --> 00:29:10,020
ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ู‡ุชุนุฑููˆุง ุฅูŠุด ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ acute phase protein ุจู€ ..

383
00:29:10,020 --> 00:29:14,240
ุจู€ .. ุจุชูุงุตูŠู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู„ูƒู† ุจู†ุนุฑู ุฅู†ู‡ ูƒู…ุงู†

384
00:29:14,240 --> 00:29:19,370
ููŠู‡ุง ุงุณู…ู‡ุง cytokines ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ messengers ูˆ 

385
00:29:19,370 --> 00:29:24,130
ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฃู†ุจู‘ู‡ูƒู… ู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃู†ุง ุฃูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€

386
00:29:24,130 --> 00:29:27,950
messenger  ุฃู† ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒ ู†ุงู„ูŠ ุนููˆู‹ุงุŒ ู„ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ุง ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ู€

387
00:29:27,950 --> 00:29:30,890
messenger  ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ูˆุงุตู„ูƒ ุฃู†ุช to activate another

388
00:29:30,890 --> 00:29:35,480
cell to produce another cytokine ูุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุนู‚ุฏุฉ

389
00:29:35,480 --> 00:29:38,340
ู„ูŠุณ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุณู‡ู„ุฉุŒ ูˆูƒู„ ูŠูˆู… ู†ูƒุชุดู .. ู…ุด ูƒู„ ูŠูˆู… ูŠุง ุฑุจู†ุง

390
00:29:38,340 --> 00:29:43,640
ููŠ ูู‡ู… .. ููŠ ูู‡ู… ูŠูˆู…ูŠู‹ุงุŒ ู„ุฃ ูƒู„ ุณู†ุฉ ู†ูƒุชุดู ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃูˆ

391
00:29:43,640 --> 00:29:48,080
ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูˆุญุชู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุญุชู‰ ู†ุนุฑู ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุฎู„ุงูŠุง

392
00:29:48,080 --> 00:29:52,000
ู…ุง ูƒู†ุงุด ู†ุนุฑูู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ immune system ุงู„ู€ immune system

393
00:29:52,000 --> 00:29:56,380
ู‚ุงุฆู… ุนู„ู‰ .. ู‚ุงุฆู… ุนู„ู‰ messages ูˆ very specific

394
00:29:56,380 --> 00:30:01,020
messages ุฃูŠ ุฎู„ู„ ููŠู‡ุง .. ุฃูŠ ุฎู„ู„ ููŠู‡ุง ุจูŠุถุนู ุฌู‡ุงุฒ

395
00:30:01,020 --> 00:30:04,080
ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉุŒ ุนุดุงู†ูƒ ุฃู†ุง ู‚ู„ุช ู„ูƒู… ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ูˆุฃุจุฏุง ูŠุตุนุจ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ

396
00:30:04,080 --> 00:30:08,120
.. ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุฅุฐุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ุด ูุงู‡ู… ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ูƒู„ู‡

397
00:30:08,120 --> 00:30:15,580
ูƒุจุฏูŠ ุฌุณุฏูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุตุนุจ ุทูŠุจ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ injury ุจู€ .. ุจู€ .. ุจู€

398
00:30:15,580 --> 00:30:19,860
.. ุจู€ ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุตุงุฑ ููŠ cytokines ุทู„ุนุช ูˆ ู†ุงู„ุชู†ูŠ ุงู„ุขู†

399
00:30:19,860 --> 00:30:24,060
ุงู„ู€ neutrophil ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…

400
00:30:26,890 --> 00:30:31,010
ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ cytokine ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุญุฒู…ุฉ of vasodilatationุŒ

401
00:30:31,010 --> 00:30:40,160
ุชูˆุณูŠุน ู„ู„ุฃูˆุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏู…ูˆูŠุฉ ุนุดุงู† ุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุญุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ netrophil

402
00:30:40,160 --> 00:30:47,300
ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชุฎุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ

403
00:30:47,300 --> 00:30:52,520
ุจุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูŠู‡ุง diapedesisุŒ diapedesis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฎุฑูˆุฌ

404
00:30:52,520 --> 00:30:56,760
ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ fagocytes ุตุงุนุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏู… ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ blood vessels

405
00:30:56,760 --> 00:30:58,220
ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ

406
00:31:03,270 --> 00:31:08,770
ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑู‡ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุฎุฑูˆุฌ ุงู„ู€ fagocytes ู…ู† ุงู„ู€

407
00:31:08,770 --> 00:31:13,390
blood vessels ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู†ุณุฌุฉ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ูˆุทุจุนู‹ุง ุฎุฑูˆุฌู‡ุง ู…ุด

408
00:31:13,390 --> 00:31:21,230
ุนุดูˆุงุฆูŠ ูˆุฅู†ู…ุง ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ stimuli ุงู„ู€

409
00:31:21,230 --> 00:31:35,830
adaptive immunity ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุชุชุนู„ู… ุตุญุŸ ูˆู‡ูŠ specific

410
00:31:35,830 --> 00:31:40,810
and is mediated either by antibody or lymphoid

411
00:31:40,810 --> 00:31:49,190
cell it can be active or it can be passive ู…ู‡ุงุฑุฉ

412
00:31:49,190 --> 00:31:56,490
ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู„ูƒู… ู„ูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุนุฑุถ ู„ู„ุถู‘ุบุงุก ู…ู† ุซุนุจุงู†

413
00:31:58,110 --> 00:32:02,770
ุงู„ุณู…ู‘ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ู…ุตู„ ุงู„ุฏู… ู…ุง ููŠุด ุนู†ุฏูŠ

414
00:32:02,770 --> 00:32:08,110
ูˆุณูŠู„ุฉ ุฅู†ู‘ ุฃู†ุง ุฃุนู…ู„ู‡ ุงู‡ ุฃู†ุฌู„ ุฏู…ู‡ ุจุฑุฉ ูˆุฃุดูŠู„ ุงู„ุณู…ู‘ ู…ู†ู‡

415
00:32:08,110 --> 00:32:12,190
ููˆุณูŠู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ู„ุฌุฃ ู„ู‡ุง ุฅู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃุฌุณุงู…

416
00:32:12,190 --> 00:32:15,550
ู…ุถุงุฏุฉ ูˆูƒู„ ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุจุชุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุชุนุงุฑูุฉ ุนู„ู‰

417
00:32:15,550 --> 00:32:18,190
ุงู„ุซุนุงุจูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ูˆุงู„ุนู‚ุงุฑุจ ูˆุงู„ุนู†ุงูƒุจ

418
00:32:18,190 --> 00:32:24,890
ุงู„ุณุงู…ุฉ ูˆุนู…ู„ุฉ antibodies ุฌุงู‡ุฒุฉ ููŠ vials ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ

419
00:32:24,890 --> 00:32:28,970
ู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ุจุงู„ุถู‘ุบุงุก ุฅู† you were thabab

420
00:32:28,970 --> 00:32:32,930
ุฅุฐุง ุฌูŠู†ุง ู†ุญุตู„ ุงู„ุฐู‘ุบุงุจ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุจ ูŠุชุนุฑู ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูŠุนุทูŠู‡ ุงู„ู€

421
00:32:32,930 --> 00:32:36,970
antivenom ู„ุฅู†ู‘ ุงู„ู€ antibody specific ู‡ู†ุง ุจู†ุนุทูŠ

422
00:32:36,970 --> 00:32:40,250
antibiotism ุฌุงู‡ุฒุฉ ู‡ุฐุง passive ูˆู„ุง activeุŸ passive

423
00:32:40,250 --> 00:32:44,850
ุฅู†ู‘ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุง .. ู…ุงุฎู„ุทูˆุด ูŠุทู…ุญุด ุฃุนุทูŠ ุฌุงู‡ุฒุฉ ุงู„ุจู†ุงุก ูˆุฅู†ู…ุง

424
00:32:44,850 --> 00:32:50,030
ุฃุนุทูŠุช ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฌุงู‡ุฒุฉ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง ุญู„ู‘ ุณุฑูŠุน ูˆูˆุญูŠุฏ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡

425
00:32:50,030 --> 00:32:52,790
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู„ุฅู†ู‘ ุฃู†ุง ุจู‚ุฏุฑุด ุฅู†ู‘ ุฃู†ุง ุฃุตู„ุง ู†ุนุทูŠู‡ vaccine

426
00:32:52,790 --> 00:33:00,070
ู„ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ุฃุตู„ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‚ุงู… ุจุฏูˆุฑู‡ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ู„ู…ุง ุฃุนุทูŠุชู‡ ุฃู†ุง

427
00:33:00,070 --> 00:33:02,990
vaccine ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุชุฑูƒุณูˆูŠุฏุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญูƒูŠุช ุนู†ู‡ ู‚ุจู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐุง

428
00:33:02,990 --> 00:33:07,140
ูŠุชุจุน ู„ูŠู‡ ุฅูŠุดุŸ active immune ุฃุฌุฑุจ ู„ูƒู… ูŠุง ุฃู‡ู„ ุงู„ุฃุฐู‡ุงู†

429
00:33:07,140 --> 00:33:11,340
ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุฑุงุช ุฃู†ุง ุจูƒูˆู† ุทุงู„ุน ู…ุน ุตุฏูŠู‚ ูˆู…ุฑุงู‡ู†ูŠู† ู…ุดูˆุงุฑ

430
00:33:11,340 --> 00:33:16,960
 ุจุณูŠุงุฑุฉ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุณุงูŠู‚ ุฃู†ุง ุจูƒูˆู† relaxed ุฎุงู„ุต ูˆู„ุง

431
00:33:16,960 --> 00:33:21,100
ุจุชุฃุซุฑ ูˆู„ุง ุจุงู†ุชุจู‡ ู„ู„ุทุฑู‚ ูˆู„ูˆ ุจุฏุฑุฌุน ู…ุฑุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰

432
00:33:21,100 --> 00:33:25,220
ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ู…ุง ุจุนุฑูุด ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ู…ุด ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‘ุฑุช

433
00:33:25,220 --> 00:33:30,240
ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฏ ููŠู‡ ุฃู†ุง ูˆุตู„ูŠู†ูŠ ุฌุงู‡ุฒ ุจุณ ู„ูˆ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุณูˆู‚ุช

434
00:33:30,240 --> 00:33:33,820
ูˆุฑุญุช ูˆุนุฑูุช ูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุทู„ุนุช ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠุด

435
00:33:33,820 --> 00:33:39,410
ุจูŠู‡ุงุจูƒูˆู† ุงุชุนู„ู…ุช ูุงู„ู€ passive ุงู„ู€ passive ุจูŠูƒูˆู†

436
00:33:39,410 --> 00:33:43,330
already ุฌุงู‡ุฒ ุจุฑุฉ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ู€ active ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนู…ู„

437
00:33:43,330 --> 00:33:47,410
challenging ู„ู„ุดุฎุต ุฃูˆ ู„ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุฅู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฃุฌุณุงู…

438
00:33:47,410 --> 00:33:57,510
ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุทุจ ูˆู„ูˆ ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠ

439
00:33:57,510 --> 00:34:02,720
ูˆู„ูˆ ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ .. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€

440
00:34:02,720 --> 00:34:06,060
vaccine ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ุงู†ุตุจู†ุง ุจู€ .. ุจู€ .. ุจู€ .. ุจ ููŠุฑูˆุณ

441
00:34:06,060 --> 00:34:09,900
ุฃูˆ ุจุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ุด ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุจู…ุซุงุจุฉ ุงู„ู€ antigen

442
00:34:09,900 --> 00:34:14,100
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุชุนุฑู ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆ .. ูˆ ูŠูƒูˆู‘ู†ู‡ ุจุณ ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ู€

443
00:34:14,100 --> 00:34:19,120
vaccine ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ู…ุง ู†ู…ุฑุถุด ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุนุฏูˆู‰ ุงู„ุนุงุฏูŠุฉ ุจู†ู…ุฑุถ

444
00:34:19,120 --> 00:34:23,480
ุฃู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุตู„ุฉ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠุฉ ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ุชุญุช ุฃู†ุช ู…ู†ูƒูˆู† ู…ู†ุน ูˆ

445
00:34:23,480 --> 00:34:29,920
ุชุตูˆู‘ุฑู‡ ุฃูˆ Artificial Artificial ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุจุงู„ู€ Vaccine ูˆ

446
00:34:29,920 --> 00:34:35,260
Natural ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุจุงู„ู€ Infection ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุฏู‘ู†ุง

447
00:34:35,260 --> 00:34:41,260
ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชู„ุฎูŠุต ู„ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู€ pathogens ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ูˆุงู„ู€

448
00:34:41,260 --> 00:34:46,200
viruses ูˆ foreign proteins ูˆ fungi ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู†ุญุตุฑุฉ ูุงู†ุง

449
00:34:46,200 --> 00:34:50,540
ู„ู„ุฃุณู ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุถุทุฑ ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ุฃุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุตู‘ุจูˆุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุณุงุณ ุฅู†ู‘ู‡

450
00:34:50,540 --> 00:34:56,580
ู†ูˆุถู‘ุญ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุงุท ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุชุนู„ู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ููŠ

451
00:34:56,580 --> 00:35:00,540
ู‡ู†ุง ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุฎุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุตุญูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุชุนุฑู

452
00:35:00,540 --> 00:35:04,840
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ูุงูƒุฑูŠู† ุญุฏ ุงุณู…ู‡ macrophageุŸ ุฅูŠุด ุณู…ู‘ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ

453
00:35:04,840 --> 00:35:10,520
ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุงุŸ wise

454
00:35:10,520 --> 00:35:14,960
man ุงู„ุฑุงุฌู„ ุงู„ุญูƒูŠู… ู„ูŠุด ุงุณู…ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุงุฌู„ ุงู„ุญูƒูŠู…ุŸ ู„ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ู‡ูŠ

455
00:35:14,960 --> 00:35:20,740
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ phagocytosis ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุชู‚ุฑู‘ุฑ ู„ู…ุง

456
00:35:20,740 --> 00:35:26,330
ุชูƒุณุฑ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุจุชู‚ุฑู‘ุฑ ู…ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู†ุงุช .. ู…ูŠู† ู…ู†

457
00:35:26,330 --> 00:35:30,490
ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุณุทุญ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง

458
00:35:30,490 --> 00:35:35,330
ุฃูˆ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุจุชุนู…ู„ู‡ presentation ูุจุชู…ุณูƒ ุงู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู† ุฃูˆ

459
00:35:35,330 --> 00:35:39,830
ุฃูƒุซุฑ ูˆุจุชุนู…ู„ู‡ู… presentation ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุทุญ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ุง

460
00:35:39,830 --> 00:35:44,570
ุจุทูŠุฆุฉ ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ุง ุจุทูŠุฆุฉ ูุจุทูˆู„ุฉ ุจุชุฏูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠู† .. ุนู„ู‰

461
00:35:44,570 --> 00:35:50,730
ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ู… ู†ุดูŠุทุฉ .. ู…ูŠู† ุญุฑูƒุชู‡ู… ู†ุดูŠุทุฉุŸ ุงู„ู€ T cells ุงู„ุขู†

462
00:35:50,730 --> 00:35:54,980
ู…ุด ุฃูŠ T cell ุฃู†ุง ู…ุด ู‚ุงุฏุฑ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก specific ููŠ

463
00:35:54,980 --> 00:35:57,620
ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉุŒ ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก specificุŒ ู…ุง ููŠุด ุฃูŠ T cell

464
00:35:57,620 --> 00:36:03,540
ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ุงู„ู€ macrophage ุนู„ู‰ ุชุฌู…ุนุงุช T cells ูˆุจุชุทู„ู‘ุน ู…ูŠู†

465
00:36:03,540 --> 00:36:10,860
ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง receptor ุจูŠู‚ุงุจู„ ุงู„ู€ antigen ุชุจุนู†ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุญุชูƒ

466
00:36:10,860 --> 00:36:16,860
ููŠู‡ู… ูˆุชู‚ุฑุฃู‡ู… ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุชู‚ุฑู‘ุฑ ุฃูŠ T cell

467
00:36:22,560 --> 00:36:26,900
ุงู„ู€ Receptor ุฃูˆ ุนููˆู‹ุง ุงู„ู€ Antigen representation

468
00:36:26,900 --> 00:36:35,680
ู…ู†ุงุณุจ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ุง ุจูŠู†ุชู‚ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ T cell ุงู„ู€

469
00:36:35,680 --> 00:36:39,560
T cell ู„ู†ุง ุฎููŠูุฉ ูˆู†ุดูŠุทุฉ ุฃุณุฑุน ู…ู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ macro

470
00:36:39,560 --> 00:36:47,180
phage ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ุชุฏูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ B cell ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ

471
00:36:47,180 --> 00:36:52,460
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ macrophage ุฃูƒู„ุช ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุนุงู…ุฉ

472
00:36:52,460 --> 00:36:56,300
ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุฃูˆ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุฃูˆ whatever ูˆุนุงู…ุฉ ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ู‰

473
00:36:56,300 --> 00:37:00,360
ูƒู…ุง ู…ุฑู‘ุช Antigen Presentation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุง ุจูŠุนุฑูุด ุฅูŠุด ู‡ุงู„ู€

474
00:37:00,360 --> 00:37:02,740
Antigen Presentation ุจูŠุตูู‘ุฑู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠูˆู…ูŠู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„

475
00:37:02,740 --> 00:37:09,260
ูุชุฑุฉ ุฏู‚ุณุฉ ุจุณ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ู‘ูˆู‡ุง ู…ุฑุงุช APC Antigen

476
00:37:09,260 --> 00:37:15,040
Presenting Cell ู†ุธุฑู‹ุง ู„ู„ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ุนุธูŠู… ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ุฏูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡

477
00:37:15,040 --> 00:37:21,200
ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุฅุธู‡ุงุฑ ู„ู„ู€ Antigenุงุช ุชุจุนู‡ุง ุงู„ุจูŠุชูŠู† ุจุฃุตูˆู„

478
00:37:21,200 --> 00:37:25,690
ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุงุŸ ู„ู„ู€ B cell ุงู„ู€ B cell ู‡ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุตุจูˆุฑุฉ

479
00:37:25,690 --> 00:37:31,890
ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠ ุจุชุทู„ู‘ุน what is next ุงู„ู€ B cell ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡

480
00:37:31,890 --> 00:37:38,550
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุจู„ุชู‡ ุดุงู…ู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ B cell ุชุฎูŠู‘ู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠู†ุชุธุฑ

481
00:37:38,550 --> 00:37:43,330
ุญุฏุซ ู…ู‡ู… ููŠ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ู„ู† ูŠู‚ูˆู… ุจูŠู‡ ุฅู„ุง ู…ุฑุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูˆุฅูŠุฌุงู‡

482
00:37:43,330 --> 00:37:50,130
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฎุจุฑ ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู† ุจุงู„ู€ B-cell ูˆูƒุฃู†ู‡ Mitogen

483
00:37:50,130 --> 00:37:53,230
Mitogen ูุงูƒุฑูŠู† ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ MitogenุŸ ุจู„ุญู‘ ุฅู†ู‘ ุฃู†ุง ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู†ู‘

484
00:37:53,230 --> 00:37:58,430
ุงู„ู€ Mitogen ู‡ูˆ compound ุจูŠุนู…ู„ stimulation ู„ู„ู€ cell

485
00:37:58,430 --> 00:38:03,430
division ูุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู† ุจู…ุฌุฑู‘ุฏ ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุจุงู„ู€ B-cell ุชุจุฏุฃ

486
00:38:03,430 --> 00:38:08,220
ุงู„ู€ B-cell ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ู…ูุชุงุญ ุณู…ู‘ูŠู†ุง ูˆูˆุตูู†ุง ูƒุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ุง

487
00:38:08,220 --> 00:38:13,540
ูˆูƒุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุงุชุดุŒ ุฅุฐุง ุจุฏุฃุช ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจุชู†ู‚ุณู… ุฅู„ู‰

488
00:38:13,540 --> 00:38:17,360
B cells ูˆุฅู„ู‰ B cellsุŒ ู„ูƒู† B cells ุณู…ู‘ูŠู†ุง ู‡ู… memory

489
00:38:17,360 --> 00:38:23,740
cells ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุณู…ู‘ูŠู†ุง ู‡ู… ู„ุงุŒ ู†ุธุฑู‹ุง ู„ู„ูˆู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงู„ุญุฌู… ุชุจุน

490
00:38:23,740 --> 00:38:28,560
ุงู„ู€ plasma cell ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุจูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ู…ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ B cells ุงู„ู€

491
00:38:28,560 --> 00:38:33,780
memory cells ุญุฌู…ู‡ุง ุจู„ุงูŠู‡ ุจูŠุถู„ูˆุง ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุญุฌู… ุชุจุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ

492
00:38:33,780 --> 00:38:37,980
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ B cells ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ู€ plasma cell ุทุจุนู‹ุง ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ุง ุจุฏุฃุช

493
00:38:37,980 --> 00:38:43,600
ุชุชูƒูˆู† ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู€ minoglobulins ุงู„ู€ antibodies ู…ู†

494
00:38:43,600 --> 00:38:51,370
ุตู†ู ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ู€ B-cell ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชูƒุงุซุฑุช ุฅู„ู‰ ุนุดุฑุงุช

495
00:38:51,370 --> 00:38:55,810
ุฃูˆ ู…ุฆุงุช ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู‡ุชู†ุชุฌ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุตู†ู ู…ู† ู…ูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€

496
00:38:55,810 --> 00:39:01,890
antibodies ู„ุฐู„ูƒ B-clone, clonal, monoclonal ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ

497
00:39:01,890 --> 00:39:05,310
ุฅุฐุง ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† B-cell ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุดุชุบู„ุช ุงู„ู€ response ุจูŠูƒูˆู†

498
00:39:05,310 --> 00:39:10,890
polyclonal ุทุจ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ููƒุฑุฉ ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ุง ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุง

499
00:39:10,890 --> 00:39:14,350
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ุทู„ุงุจู†ุง ูŠุนุฑููˆู‡ุง ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู† monoclonal ูˆ

500
00:39:14,350 --> 00:39:15,290
polyclonal

501
00:39:18,740 --> 00:39:22,860
ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ุชุฎูŠู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒู†ุชูˆุง ุจุชููƒุฑูˆุง ููŠู‡ ุนู† ุงู„ุฃู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู† ุฃู†ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ู‚ุทุนุฉ

502
00:39:22,860 --> 00:39:28,740
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุตุญุŸ ูƒุจุฑู†ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุงุญู†ุง ุตุฑู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ู…ุด ููŠ 

503
00:39:28,740 --> 00:39:33,720
ุงู„ุชู†ูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุนุฑู ุฃู† ุงู„ุฃู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู† ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ู‚ุฏ

504
00:39:33,720 --> 00:39:38,300
ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃูˆ ูŠุญู…ู„ ู‚ุฏ ูŠุญู…ู„ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ู‰ Epitope

505
00:39:38,300 --> 00:39:43,580
Epitope ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ Antigenic determinants

506
00:39:43,580 --> 00:39:47,900
ุงู„ุฃู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู† ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠู‡ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† Epitope  ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู†

507
00:39:47,900 --> 00:39:55,640
ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ู† Epitop ุทูŠุจ ูƒู„ Epitop ุจูŠู†ุดุฃ ู„ู‡ antibody ู…ุซู„

508
00:39:55,640 --> 00:39:58,520
ุงู„ุฃู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู† ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠู†ุดุฃ ู„ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุงู„ุฃู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู† ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ

509
00:39:58,520 --> 00:40:04,260
ููŠู‡ ุฃุฑุจุน Epitopes ูƒู… antibody ุจูŠุทู„ุน ู„ู‡ุŸ ุฃุฑุจุน ุทูŠุจ ู„ูˆ

510
00:40:04,260 --> 00:40:08,140
ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ .. ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ููŠู‡ ุฃุฑุจุน ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ antibodies

511
00:40:08,140 --> 00:40:12,040
ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุฃุทู„ุน ู„ู‡ monoclonal ูŠุง ุจู†ุงุชุŸ ู„ุง ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุฃุทู„ุน ู„ู‡ 

512
00:40:12,040 --> 00:40:16,890
monoclonal ู„ุฃู† ู‡ูˆ ู…ุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุฑุจุน ุฃุตู†ุงู ู…ู† ุงู„ู€

513
00:40:16,890 --> 00:40:20,950
antibodies ูˆูƒู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุน ูŠุงู†ูŠุจูˆู„ูŠ .. ุฃุฑุจุน

514
00:40:20,950 --> 00:40:25,730
ูŠุงู†ูŠุจูˆู„ูŠ .. ุจุณ ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุตู†ู ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ monoclonal

515
00:40:25,730 --> 00:40:30,390
ุทุจ ุฅูŠุด ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ monoclonal ููŠ ุญูŠุงุชู†ุงุŸ ุงุญู†ุง ูƒุฃุทุจุงุก

516
00:40:30,390 --> 00:40:34,590
ุนู„ูˆู… ุทุจูŠุฉ ู…ุฎุจุฑูŠุฉุŒ ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุฅู† ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุญุฏุซ ุซูˆุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€

517
00:40:34,590 --> 00:40:38,940
diagnosticsุŸ ุงู„ู€ specificity ุฅูŠุด ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ specificity

518
00:40:38,940 --> 00:40:44,300
ุงู„ุชุฎุตุตูŠุฉ ุฅูŠุด ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุชุฎุตุตูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ูุนู„ุช ุดูŠุก ู…ุน

519
00:40:44,300 --> 00:40:48,860
ุดูŠุก ุงู„ุฃุตู„ if ู‡ุฐุง specific ู…ุง ูŠุชูุนู„ ุฅู„ุง ู…ุน ุงู„ุดูŠุก

520
00:40:48,860 --> 00:40:55,420
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูŠู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุตุญ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ specificity ุทุจุนุง ุงุญู†ุง

521
00:40:55,420 --> 00:40:59,560
ุจู†ูุชุฑุถ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ antibody is highly specific ุตุญ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง

522
00:40:59,560 --> 00:41:03,480
ุนู„ุงู…ุฉ ุงุณุชูู‡ุงู… ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุนู„ุงู…ุฉ ุงุณุชูู‡ุงู… ู„ูƒู† ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง

523
00:41:03,480 --> 00:41:10,150
ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูˆู…ุด highly specific ุฃูˆ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูˆู…ุด highly

524
00:41:10,150 --> 00:41:15,730
specific ูุฑุตุฉ ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ู‰ ุจุงู„ู€ cross reaction ุฃู†ุง ุฑุงูŠุญ

525
00:41:15,730 --> 00:41:20,670
ุงุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน X ู„ูŠุด ุงุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน YุŸ ุฅุฐุง ุงุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน X ูˆู…ุน Y

526
00:41:20,670 --> 00:41:26,470
ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง cross reaction ุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุด ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชูุงุนู„

527
00:41:26,470 --> 00:41:30,620
ู…ุน ุงุซู†ูŠู†ุŒ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน ูˆุงุญุฏ ุทูŠุจ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู‡ูˆ

528
00:41:30,620 --> 00:41:34,660
antibody ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ mono ูุฑุตุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ cross reaction

529
00:41:34,660 --> 00:41:39,180
ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ุงุซู†ูŠู†ุŒ ู‡ู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€

530
00:41:39,180 --> 00:41:41,880
mono-clonal antibody ุฃุญุฏุซ ุซูˆุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ diagnosticsุŒ

531
00:41:41,880 --> 00:41:45,040
ุงู„ุขู† ู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู€ immunology ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ serology

532
00:41:45,040 --> 00:41:48,400
ู…ุนุชู…ุฏุฉ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ู…ูŠู† ู‡ู†ุงุŸ ุนู† mono-clonal

533
00:41:48,400 --> 00:41:54,460
antibody ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ุนู„ุงุฌ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ muscle

534
00:41:54,460 --> 00:41:58,380
ุฌุงุจ ุดูˆูŠุฉุŒ ุจุชูุถู„ูˆุง mono-clonal ูˆู„ุง polyclonalุŸ

535
00:41:59,560 --> 00:42:03,200
Polyclonal ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ Epitopes ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ

536
00:42:03,200 --> 00:42:05,560
ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู†ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุด ู‚ุตุฏูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ .. ุฃู†ุง

537
00:42:05,560 --> 00:42:09,860
ู…ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฅูŠุงูƒู… ุชุฃุฎุฐูˆุง ุงู†ุทุจุงุน ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ monoclonal ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ top ูˆ

538
00:42:09,860 --> 00:42:12,720
ุงู„ู€ polyclonal ู‡ูˆ ุฅูŠู‡ุŒ ู„ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู‡ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุจุนุถ

539
00:42:12,720 --> 00:42:17,500
ุงู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ antibody ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู†ุชุฌ ู„ุง ูŠุชูุงุนู„

540
00:42:17,500 --> 00:42:22,680
ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ู„ุง ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ุฅู„ุง ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ antigen ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุญุฏุซ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

541
00:42:22,680 --> 00:42:27,050
ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ุชุฌูˆู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุณู…ูŠู†ุงู‡ุง specificityุŒ ู„ูƒู†

542
00:42:27,050 --> 00:42:30,010
ู„ู„ุฃุณู ู…ุด hundred percent specificityุŒ ูˆุดูุชูˆุง ู„ูˆ

543
00:42:30,010 --> 00:42:33,590
ุจุดูˆูŠุฉ ุฃู†ุชูˆ ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ุจูŠุงุถ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนูŠ

544
00:42:33,590 --> 00:42:37,670
ู‡ุงุฌู… ุจุงู„ุงู†ุชุจุงู‡ ุงู„ุณุจุน ู„ู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุงุŒ ูˆู‡ุงุฌู… ู…ู† ูƒู…ุงู†

545
00:42:37,670 --> 00:42:41,410
ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ only specificity ุฃูˆ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู€

546
00:42:41,410 --> 00:42:45,850
absolute specificity ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉุŒ ุงู„ู€ absoluteุŒ ุงุญู†ุง

547
00:42:45,850 --> 00:42:48,450
ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ููŠ ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ specificityุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู…ุด absolute

548
00:42:50,080 --> 00:42:54,600
ุทูŠุจุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุฐูƒุฑู†ุงู‡ุง ุงู„ุตุญูŠุญุฉุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู„ุง

549
00:42:54,600 --> 00:42:56,920
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุฃุฐูƒุฑูƒู… ููŠู‡ุง ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ immunity ู„ู„ู€

550
00:42:56,920 --> 00:43:00,420
extracellular bacterial infection ูˆุงู„ู€ immunity to

551
00:43:00,420 --> 00:43:06,460
intracellular mainly ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ูŠุฉ humoral ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€

552
00:43:06,460 --> 00:43:10,060
antibodies ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ mainly ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู€ cell

553
00:43:10,060 --> 00:43:14,300
mediated ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ cellular immune ุงุณู…ูŠู†ู‡ุง cellular

554
00:43:14,300 --> 00:43:16,860
immunity ุฃูˆ cell mediated immune

555
00:43:27,870 --> 00:43:35,390
ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ inadequateุŸ ุบูŠุฑ ูƒุงููŠุŒ ุบูŠุฑ ูƒุงููŠ Causes

556
00:43:35,390 --> 00:43:40,790
immune suppression An example is an infection with

557
00:43:40,790 --> 00:43:45,270
HIV, which alters T cell immunity and allows

558
00:43:45,270 --> 00:43:49,320
further infection with opportunistic pathogens ูŠุจู‚ู‰

559
00:43:49,320 --> 00:43:54,060
ุฃุญุฏ .. ุฃุญุฏ ู…ุธุงู‡ุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ู„ู†ุงู‡ุง ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ immune system

560
00:43:54,060 --> 00:43:57,580
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† inadequate ู„ู…ุง ูŠุตุงุจ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ุฅูŠุฏุฒ

561
00:43:57,580 --> 00:44:02,460
ูููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ุฅูŠุฏุฒ ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ู†ุงุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ CD4 ุนู„ู‰

562
00:44:02,460 --> 00:44:05,800
ุงู„ู€ CD4 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ T helper cells ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†

563
00:44:05,800 --> 00:44:11,480
T cells ูˆู„ูˆ ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ CD4 ุงู„ู€ CD4 cells ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

564
00:44:11,480 --> 00:44:16,100
ุจุชุนู…ู„ orchestrating ู„ู„ู€ immune system ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ

565
00:44:18,010 --> 00:44:23,090
ู…ุง ููŠุด ุงู„ุขู† orchestrated immune response ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€

566
00:44:23,090 --> 00:44:27,190
opportunistic pathogens will cause infection ู„ุฃู†ู‡

567
00:44:27,190 --> 00:44:29,150
ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุฅูŠุฏุฒ ุจุชููƒุฑ ุฃู† ุฃู†ุช ุจุชู…ูˆุช ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ .. ู…ู† ุงู„ู€

568
00:44:29,150 --> 00:44:33,310
virus ุณุจุจ ุงู„ุฅูŠุฏุฒุŸ ู„ุง ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠู…ูˆุช ู…ู† ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ

569
00:44:33,310 --> 00:44:36,490
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฎู„ุงุต ุฃู†ุช ูŠุงุฒุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู†ุฎูุถ ุชู…ุงู…ุง ูˆู‡ูˆ ุจุชุงู„ุณ

570
00:44:36,490 --> 00:44:41,120
ุฃุตุจุญ ุนุฑุถุฉ ู„ู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ูˆูŠู…ูƒู† ูƒุฃู†ูŠ ู‚ู„ุช ู„ูƒู… ุฃู† ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุฅูŠุฏุฒ

571
00:44:41,120 --> 00:44:45,980
ุฒุงุฏ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุนู„ู… ุงู„ู…ูŠูƒุฑูˆุจูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠ ูƒู… ูƒุจูŠุฑ ูˆุฒุงุฏ ุนู„ู… ..

572
00:44:45,980 --> 00:44:51,340
ูู‡ู…ู†ุง ุนู„ู… ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู„ุฃู† ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู†

573
00:44:51,340 --> 00:44:53,840
ุงู„ู…ูŠูƒุฑูˆุจุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒู†ุง ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง non pathogen ุซุงุจุช

574
00:44:53,840 --> 00:44:57,560
ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุจุชุนู…ู„ infection ููŠ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุงู„ุฅูŠุฏุฒ ูุตู„ู†ุง

575
00:44:57,560 --> 00:44:59,760
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒู†ุง ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ non pathogen ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ

576
00:44:59,760 --> 00:45:06,290
opportunistic pathogen ูู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุทูŠุจุŒ

577
00:45:06,290 --> 00:45:09,530
inadequate immune response ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง release of

578
00:45:09,530 --> 00:45:12,610
toxins that function as super antigensุŒ ูุงูƒุฑูŠู† ุงู„ู€

579
00:45:12,610 --> 00:45:16,490
super antigenุŸ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ุŒ ุญู„ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุงูƒุŒ

580
00:45:16,490 --> 00:45:21,130
ูุงู‡ู…ุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููˆู‚ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉุŒ ูุงู‡ู… ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุงุŸ ู‡ุฐุง

581
00:45:21,130 --> 00:45:24,470
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† super antigenุŒ ุงู„ู€ super antigenุŒ ูุงูƒุฑูŠู†

582
00:45:24,470 --> 00:45:27,070
ู…ุง ุนุดุงู† ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฑุณู… ูƒุฏู‡ ุงู„ุฑุณู… ุฃุฎูŠุฑุงุŸ

583
00:45:33,380 --> 00:45:36,820
ู„ู…ุง ูƒู†ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ู€ macrophage ูˆู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ู€

584
00:45:36,820 --> 00:45:41,740
antigen presenting cells ูˆู…ุด ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู†ุง ุจู†ุชุญูˆู„ ุงู„ู€

585
00:45:41,740 --> 00:45:46,980
antigen ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ T-cells ุงู„ุขู† ูŠูุชุฑุถ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ T-cell

586
00:45:46,980 --> 00:45:51,860
ูŠูƒูˆู† 

587
00:45:51,860 --> 00:45:56,600
ู„ู‡ุง receptor ู…ุทุงุจู‚ ุนุดุงู† ุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุงู„ู€ antigen

588
00:45:56,600 --> 00:46:02,720
ู‡ุฐุง normal binding ุญุทุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ super antigen ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ

589
00:46:02,720 --> 00:46:06,600
ุจูŠุฎู„ูŠ ุฎู„ูŠุชูŠู† ูˆุงุชู‘ูู‚ูˆุง ูŠุงู† ุจุนุถ ูˆุจูŠู„ุงุฒู‚ูˆู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุฒูŠ

590
00:46:06,600 --> 00:46:13,100
ุญุงุฌุฉ ููˆ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑูˆุง ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ุฅุดุฑุงู‚ุงู† ู…ู‚ู†ุนูˆู…ุŒ bindingุŒ ู‡ุฐุง

591
00:46:13,100 --> 00:46:18,380
ุจุชุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุจุฑุถู‡ bindingุŒ ู„ูƒู† binding specificุŸ ู„ุง ู…ุด

592
00:46:18,380 --> 00:46:23,480
specificุŒ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃูŠ ุฎู„ูŠุชูŠู† ุฅุฌุฑุงุจ ู…ู† ุจุนุถ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ

593
00:46:23,480 --> 00:46:27,110
ุจูŠู„ุงุฒู‚ูˆู† ุจุจุนุถ ูุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡ู… binding ูุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู†ุง non

594
00:46:27,110 --> 00:46:33,210
specific activation ูุงูƒุฑูŠู† ู„ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‚ุจู„ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ุฃู†

595
00:46:33,210 --> 00:46:36,910
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ non specific activation ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ู‰ ุจุงู„ู€

596
00:46:36,910 --> 00:46:41,050
immunological storm ุนุงุตูุฉ ู…ู†ุงุนูŠุฉ cytokines ุฎู„ุงูŠุง

597
00:46:41,050 --> 00:46:45,830
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ูŠู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู†ุง shock ูˆุงู„ุดูˆูƒ ุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰

598
00:46:45,830 --> 00:46:51,070
ุงู„ูˆูุงุฉ ูู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ูˆูุงุฉ ููŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ

599
00:46:51,070 --> 00:46:54,810
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ evade the immune defenses by altering

600
00:46:54,810 --> 00:46:57,230
their antigenic structure ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุงู‡ ู‚ุจู„ ูƒุฏู‡

601
00:46:57,230 --> 00:47:00,950
ุฃู†ู‡ ู‚ุฏ ูŠุฎุฏุน ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ู‡ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู…ุชุงุฒุฉ

602
00:47:00,950 --> 00:47:05,230
ู…ุง ููŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠู‡ุง ู„ูƒู† ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู…ูŠูƒุฑูˆุจ ู†ูุณู‡

603
00:47:05,230 --> 00:47:07,970
ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ evasion ู‡ูˆ ุจุชุงุน ูŠูุดู„

604
00:47:07,970 --> 00:47:11,490
ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ู€ response ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุชุจุนู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุฃู†

605
00:47:11,490 --> 00:47:15,470
ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุณู†ูƒู…ู„ ุจุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู€ chapter ูˆู†ุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€

606
00:47:15,470 --> 00:47:19,990
revision ููŠุงุฑุงุช ุชูƒูˆู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุชุญุถูŠุฑ ู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ู…ุญุถุฑูŠู†

607
00:47:19,990 --> 00:47:23,760
ุญุงุฌุฉ ู„ู„ู†ู‚ุงุท ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด ูุงู‡ู…ูŠู†ู‡ุง ุฃู†ุชูˆ ูˆููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช

608
00:47:23,760 --> 00:47:27,940
ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุณุชุนุฏุงุฏ ุฃู†ู‡ ู†ุฌูŠุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉุŒ

609
00:47:27,940 --> 00:47:30,300
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุณุฃู„ุช ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉุŒ ุฃู†ู‡ ู†ุฌุงูˆุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุงุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

610
00:47:30,300 --> 00:47:34,920
ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ quizุŒ ู…ุด quizุŒ ู„ูƒู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนุดุงู† ู…ุง ุชู†ุญุฑุฌูˆุด ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ

611
00:47:34,920 --> 00:47:36,740
ู†ุฌูŠ ูˆู†ุนุฑูุด ู†ุฌุงูˆุจ