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1
00:00:01,180 --> 00:00:03,560
ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ุตู„ุงุฉ ูˆุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ู‰ ุณูŠุฏู†ุง

2
00:00:03,560 --> 00:00:07,800
ู…ุญู…ุฏ ุณูŠุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑุณู„ูŠู† ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุฃู„ู‡ ูˆุตุญุจู‡ ุฃุฌู…ุนูŠู† ุงุณุชูƒู…ู„ู†ุง

3
00:00:07,800 --> 00:00:11,880
ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ููŠ ู…ุณุญู‚ ุงู„ bio mechanics two ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ูˆุตู„ู†ุง

4
00:00:11,880 --> 00:00:18,040
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ู„ุขุฎุฑ ู…ุญุทุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ bio mechanics of joints

5
00:00:18,040 --> 00:00:21,180
ู‡ู†ุชุนุฑู ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ joints ู‡ู†ุชุนุฑู ุนู„ู‰ stability

6
00:00:21,180 --> 00:00:25,900
ุชุจุน ุงู„ joints ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ flexibilityุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุชุนุฑู

7
00:00:25,900 --> 00:00:32,760
ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ joints ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุดุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†

8
00:00:32,760 --> 00:00:36,540
ุทุจุนุง ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุจู†ุงุนุฑู ุฅูŠุด ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ joint ุงู„ joint ู‡ูˆ

9
00:00:36,540 --> 00:00:41,080
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ site of motion between ุงู„ articulating

10
00:00:41,080 --> 00:00:44,440
bone ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ุจู†ุงู†ูู‡ู… ุฃู† ุงู„ joint ู‡ูˆ ุชุนุฑูŠูู‡ ู‡ูˆ

11
00:00:44,440 --> 00:00:49,440
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุจุท two bones ุฃูˆ two bone

12
00:00:49,440 --> 00:00:55,190
endsุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ bone ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุด ุจุณ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุดุจูˆูƒูŠู† ู…ุน

13
00:00:55,190 --> 00:01:00,350
ุจุนุถ ูƒุฏู‡ ุจุฏูˆู† ุฃูŠ ูˆุณุงุฆู„ ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ูˆุณุงุฆู„ ุงู„ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู†

14
00:01:00,350 --> 00:01:03,710
ู…ุฑุจุทุงู‡ู… ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ connective tissue structure

15
00:01:03,710 --> 00:01:07,810
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆุธูุชู‡ุง ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ integrity of the

16
00:01:07,810 --> 00:01:11,780
junction ูˆูƒู…ุงู† ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ movementูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง

17
00:01:11,780 --> 00:01:14,460
ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฑูƒุฒ ุนู„ู‰ ุดุบู„ุชูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ joint ุงู„ joint ู„ุงุฒู…

18
00:01:14,460 --> 00:01:18,440
ูŠูƒูˆู† ุจุชู…ุชุน ุจุญุงุฌุชูŠู† ุฃุณุงุณูŠุงุช ุงู„ mobility ูˆ ุงู„

19
00:01:18,440 --> 00:01:21,980
stability ุทุจุนุง ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุชุญุฏูŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ุนู†ุฏ ุฃูŠ ู…ูุตู„

20
00:01:21,980 --> 00:01:27,180
ุงุญู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจุฏูˆ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ mobility ูˆ

21
00:01:27,180 --> 00:01:30,240
ุงู„ stability ูƒูŠู ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุชูˆุงุฒู† ุจูŠู† ุงู„ mobility

22
00:01:30,240 --> 00:01:34,400
ูˆ ุงู„ stabilityุŸู…ู‚ุฏุด ููŠ ุชูˆุงุฒู† ุจูŠู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุชู†ุชูŠู† ุงุญู†ุง

23
00:01:34,400 --> 00:01:38,140
ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุฏุงูŠู…ุง ููŠ ุชู†ุงุณุจ ุนูƒุณูŠ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ mobility ูˆ ุงู„

24
00:01:38,140 --> 00:01:41,740
stability ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุฒุงุฏุช ุงู„ mobility ูƒู„ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ุช ุงู„

25
00:01:41,740 --> 00:01:45,680
stability ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงุดูŠ ูˆุงู‚ุนูŠ ูˆู…ู†ุทู‚ูŠ ุญุชู‰ ููŠ ุญูŠุงุชู†ุง

26
00:01:45,680 --> 00:01:52,530
ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจุนูŠุฏุง ุนู† ุงู„ู…ูุงุตู„ ุทูŠุจ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ุฃูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ

27
00:01:52,530 --> 00:01:55,570
ุงู„ mobility ูˆ ุงู„ stability ู‡ุชุฎุชู„ู ู…ู† ู…ูุตู„ ู„ู…ูุตู„

28
00:01:55,570 --> 00:02:00,050
ู‡ุชุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุดูŠุงุก ูƒุชูŠุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู†ู‡ุง ู…ูุงุตู„ ุซุงุจุชุฉ ุฌุฏุง ูˆ

29
00:02:00,050 --> 00:02:03,210
stability ููŠู‡ุง ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุจุฑุถู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ mobility

30
00:02:03,210 --> 00:02:10,730
ููŠู‡ุง ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุฒูŠ ุงู„ ุงู„ joint ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„

31
00:02:10,730 --> 00:02:14,680
skullุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุฌู†ุช ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ .. ููŠ ุงู„ skull

32
00:02:14,680 --> 00:02:19,360
ู‡ูŠ ุฅู† ุฎู„ู‚ุช ุฑุจู†ุง ุณุจุญุงู†ู‡ ูˆุชุนุงู„ู‰ ุฎู„ู‚ู‡ุง ุญุชู‰ ุช .. ุชูƒูˆู†

33
00:02:19,360 --> 00:02:24,460
ุช .. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชูˆุฌุฏ ู…ุณุงุญุฉ ู„ู†ู…ูˆ .. ู„ู†ู…ูˆ ุงู„ุฌู…ุฌู…ุฉ ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ู…ุด

34
00:02:24,460 --> 00:02:28,520
ู…ุนู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠู†ูˆู„ุฏ ุจุฌู…ุฌู…ุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉุฃูƒูŠุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ

35
00:02:28,520 --> 00:02:31,580
ูุชุฑุฉ ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆ ูุงู†ุชุฑูƒุช ุงู„ูุชุญุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุฃูˆ

36
00:02:31,580 --> 00:02:35,420
ุงู„ู…ูุงุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุญุชู‰ ุชุณู…ุน ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆ ูƒุงู† ููŠ

37
00:02:35,420 --> 00:02:39,920
ุฃุณุงุณุง ูุชุญุงุช ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ุง ุถุบุท ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠู„ุงุฏ

38
00:02:39,920 --> 00:02:44,860
ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุน ุงู„ growing ุฃูˆ ู…ุน ุงู„ age ุจุชุช .. ุจุชุชุณูƒุฑ ูˆ

39
00:02:44,860 --> 00:02:51,910
ุจุชุตุจุญ ู…ูุงุตู„ ุดุจู‡ ุซุงุจุชุฉุทุจุนุง ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ูุงุตู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ

40
00:02:51,910 --> 00:02:57,330
ุฒูŠ ุงู„ shoulder ุฒูŠ ุงู„ hip joint ูู‡ูŠ ููŠู‡ุง mobility

41
00:02:57,330 --> 00:03:01,910
ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุณู…ุญ ุจุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ููŠ range

42
00:03:01,910 --> 00:03:05,910
of motion ูˆ wide range of motion ูุนุงุฏุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู„ุณู‡

43
00:03:05,910 --> 00:03:10,650
stable ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ glenohumeral joint of

44
00:03:10,650 --> 00:03:14,880
the shoulder ูู‡ูˆุฃูƒุชุฑ ุฌูˆูŠู†ุช ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ู‡ูˆ mobile

45
00:03:14,880 --> 00:03:19,100
ูˆูƒู…ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุฌูˆูŠู†ุช ู„ุณู‡ stableุŒ ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุจุชู…ุชุน

46
00:03:19,100 --> 00:03:24,260
ุจmobility ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุงู„ stability ุชุจุนุชู‡ ุฃู‚ู„

47
00:03:24,260 --> 00:03:27,800
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงุญู†ุง ู‡ู†ุชุนุฑู ุนู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุณุงุนุฏ ุนู„ู‰

48
00:03:27,800 --> 00:03:32,840
ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ stability ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ mobility ุงู„ most

49
00:03:32,840 --> 00:03:37,560
movable joint must demonstrate combination between

50
00:03:37,560 --> 00:03:41,630
stability and mobilityุนุณุงุณ ุงู† ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง stable

51
00:03:41,630 --> 00:03:46,450
movement ุงู„ stable movement ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุชู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„

52
00:03:46,450 --> 00:03:52,190
function ุทูŠุจ ู„ู‚ูŠุช ุงู†ุง ุนุดุงู† ุงู†ุง ุงุญู…ู„ ุดุบู„ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠู‡

53
00:03:52,190 --> 00:03:56,390
ุจุงูŠุฏูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุซุจุงุช ููŠ ู…ูุตู„ ุงู„ูƒุชู ู…ุซู„ุง

54
00:03:56,390 --> 00:03:59,530
ุนุดุงู† ุงูƒู„ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุซุจุงุช ููŠ ูƒู„ ู…ูุงุตู„ ุงู„

55
00:03:59,530 --> 00:04:03,510
upper limb ุนุดุงู† ุงู…ุดูŠ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„

56
00:04:03,510 --> 00:04:07,740
motion ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู†ุง ุจุชู…ู†ู‰ ุงู† ุงุนู…ู„ู‡ุงุฃูˆ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุนู…ู„ู‡ุง

57
00:04:07,740 --> 00:04:11,140
ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† functional ูˆ ุงู„ function ุจุฏู‡ุง stability

58
00:04:11,140 --> 00:04:14,660
ู„ุฅู†ูŠ ุงุฐุง ุจุฏู‰ ุฃู…ุณูƒ ูƒุจุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุดุงูŠ ูˆ ุฃุดุฑุจ ูˆ ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชูˆู‚ุน

59
00:04:14,660 --> 00:04:17,760
ู…ู†ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชูˆู‚ุน ุณุฎู†ุฉ ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุญุฑู‚ู†ูŠ ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู„ุฃ ุงู†ุง

60
00:04:17,760 --> 00:04:21,820
ู„ุงุฒู… ู…ุงูุตู„ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงุชู…ูƒู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุฃู†ูŠ ุฃู…ุณูƒ

61
00:04:21,820 --> 00:04:26,080
ูƒุจุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุดุงูŠ ุงุชู†ูˆู„ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุทุงูˆู„ุฉ ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุฃูˆุตู„ู‡ุง ู„ุทู…

62
00:04:26,080 --> 00:04:30,540
ูŠู‚ุงุก ูˆ ุฃุดุฑุจูˆ ุฃุฑุฌุนู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ mobility

63
00:04:30,540 --> 00:04:34,580
ูˆ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ูƒู…ุงู† as well stability ุทุจุนุง ุดูƒู„ the

64
00:04:34,580 --> 00:04:37,660
structure of the joint must be able to support a

65
00:04:37,660 --> 00:04:41,860
wide range of function from extreme stability

66
00:04:41,860 --> 00:04:46,790
ู„ู„ู…ุนุธู… mobilityูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ูุงุตู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

67
00:04:46,790 --> 00:04:51,070
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ suture ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ skull ู„ุงุฒู…

68
00:04:51,070 --> 00:04:55,510
ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุณุคุงู„ ู„ุฃู† ู…ุด ู…ุนู‚ูˆู„ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ู†ุฎุจุท ุฎุจุทุฉ ุฃูˆ ู†ุชุนุฑุถ

69
00:04:55,510 --> 00:04:59,710
ู„ุฃูŠ trauma ุฃู†ู‡ ุชุชุญุฑูƒ ู…ูุงุตู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฌู…ุฌู…ุฉ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฌู…ุฌู…ุฉ

70
00:04:59,710 --> 00:05:02,950
ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ brain ุงู„ brain ู‡ูˆ ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„

71
00:05:02,950 --> 00:05:07,110
monitor ุชุจุน ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุณุชู‚ุจู„ ูˆ ุจูŠุฑุณู„ ูƒู„

72
00:05:07,110 --> 00:05:12,920
ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ุญุณูŠุฉูˆู‡ูˆ ู…ุฑูƒุฒ ุงู„ู€ central nervous system

73
00:05:12,920 --> 00:05:17,140
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุชุญูƒู… ููŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุทุจุนุง ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠ ุฃูˆุงู…ุฑู‡ ูˆุจูŠุชู„ู‚ู‰

74
00:05:17,140 --> 00:05:23,560
ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูƒู„ู‡ ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุชุฎุชู„ู ู‡ู„ู‚ุงุช ุงู„ู…ูุงุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุณุจ ุงู„

75
00:05:23,560 --> 00:05:28,740
structure ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ stability and mobility ุทุจุนุง ุงู„

76
00:05:28,740 --> 00:05:32,860
architecture ุทุจุนุง ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ูุงุตู„ ูƒู„ ู…ูุตู„ ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุชู‡

77
00:05:32,860 --> 00:05:37,240
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชุญูƒู… ููŠ ูƒุงู… plan of movement could this

78
00:05:37,620 --> 00:05:43,500
joint play or work or do a function ุทุจุนุง ุงู„

79
00:05:43,500 --> 00:05:49,200
anatomists ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ุงู„ุนู„ู… ุงู„ุชุดุฑูŠุญ ู‚ุณู…ูˆุง

80
00:05:49,200 --> 00:05:57,260
ุงู„ู…ูุงุตู„ ู„ุนุฏุฉ ุฃู‚ุณุงู… based on the motion ุฒูŠ ุฃุฎุฏูˆุง ุงู„

81
00:05:57,260 --> 00:06:00,420
immovable ูˆ ุงู„ slightly movable ูˆ ุงู„ freely

82
00:06:00,420 --> 00:06:05,330
movableุทุจ ู†ุชุนุฑู ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ immovable ูˆุณู…ูˆู‡ู… sin

83
00:06:05,330 --> 00:06:09,430
arthrosis joints ุทุจุนุง ู‡ูŠ fibrous joints permit

84
00:06:09,430 --> 00:06:13,290
little or no movement of the articulation ู…ู†

85
00:06:13,290 --> 00:06:17,050
ุฃู†ูˆุงุนู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ suture joint ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ

86
00:06:17,050 --> 00:06:21,190
ูู‚ุท ููŠ ุงู„ skull ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู…ุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู†

87
00:06:21,190 --> 00:06:25,950
ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ brain inside and this joint articulating

88
00:06:25,950 --> 00:06:33,080
bone sheets met closelyand are tightly connected

89
00:06:33,080 --> 00:06:38,020
by fibers that are continuous with the periosteum

90
00:06:38,020 --> 00:06:44,780
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฎูŠูˆุท ู…ู† ุงู„ fibers ู…ุดุจูˆูƒุฉ ู…ุน

91
00:06:44,780 --> 00:06:48,740
ุงู„ periosteum ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ูˆ ูƒุฃู†ู‡ุง ุนุงู…ู„ุฉ sutures

92
00:06:48,740 --> 00:06:53,840
ุฃูˆ ุบุฑุฒ ูƒุฏู‡ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุงูŠู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงุญู†ุง

93
00:06:53,840 --> 00:06:58,670
ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุง ูˆ ูƒุฃู†ู‡ ู‡ูŠ ู…ูƒูŠู†ุฉ ูˆ ุนุงู…ู„ุฉ ุฏุฑุฒุฉูƒุฏุง ุญูˆุงู„ูŠู† ุงู„

94
00:06:58,670 --> 00:07:04,230
boon ู‡ุฐู‡ ุทุจุนุง ุชู„ุชุฆู… ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ossified ููŠ ุงู„ adulthood

95
00:07:04,230 --> 00:07:09,250
ุจุชุญูˆู„ ู„ ossification ุจุทู„ ููŠู‡ ูุชุญุงุช ุงูˆ ูุฑู‚ุงุช and

96
00:07:09,250 --> 00:07:13,270
eventually replaced by completely by boon ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง

97
00:07:13,270 --> 00:07:17,570
ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ูˆู„ุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ baby ุงูˆ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ุงุฏูŠ

98
00:07:17,570 --> 00:07:21,650
ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงูˆ ู„ู†ู…ูˆ ุจูŠู†ู‡ุง ุงูˆ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุน ูุชุญุงุช

99
00:07:21,650 --> 00:07:25,370
ุงู„ูŠููˆูุงูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ุงุญู†ุง ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุจุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ ูˆ

100
00:07:25,370 --> 00:07:29,150
ุจุงู„ุจู„ุฏูŠ ุงู† ู†ููˆุฎ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุจู†ุญุณู‡ ุจู†ุญุณ ูƒุฃู†ู‡ ููŠู‡

101
00:07:29,150 --> 00:07:33,910
membrane ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู…ู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ frontal part of the skull

102
00:07:33,910 --> 00:07:39,500
ูˆ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ู„ูˆุณุท ุงู„ skullุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู‡ู†ุง ุจุณ

103
00:07:39,500 --> 00:07:44,480
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Sintesmosis joint ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡

104
00:07:44,480 --> 00:07:49,500
dense fiber tissue ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฑุจุท two bones

105
00:07:49,500 --> 00:07:53,700
together ูˆุทุจุนุง ุงู„ movement ูƒุชูŠุฑ limited ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐู‡

106
00:07:53,700 --> 00:07:57,100
ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุนุถู…ุงุช ุงู„ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู†

107
00:07:57,100 --> 00:08:02,040
ู…ุชุฌุงูˆุฑุฉ ูˆูƒู…ุงู† ููŠ ู…ุซู„ ู„ู‡ุง ุชุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุงูƒูˆ ุฃูƒุฑูˆู…ูŠูˆู†

108
00:08:02,040 --> 00:08:04,980
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุงูƒูˆูŠุฏ ุจุฑูˆุณูˆุณ ูˆุงู„ุฃูƒุฑูˆู…ูŠูˆู†

109
00:08:04,980 --> 00:08:09,480
ุฅุจุฑูˆุณุณุนุณุงุณ ู…ุง ุชุตูŠุฑุด ุงู†ู‡ ุฒูˆุงุฌุงู† ู„ู€ movement ุฃุซู†ุงุก

110
00:08:09,480 --> 00:08:13,940
ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ shoulder ูˆ ุงู„ radio ulnar ุงู„ mid radio

111
00:08:13,940 --> 00:08:17,640
ulnar joints ูƒู…ุงู† joint ูˆ ุงู„ mid tibiofibular

112
00:08:17,640 --> 00:08:20,840
joint ูˆ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ูˆ ุงู„ inferior

113
00:08:20,840 --> 00:08:25,100
tibiofibular joints ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุฒูŠ

114
00:08:25,100 --> 00:08:30,730
ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุฑุจุท ุนุธุงู… ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจุงู„ุจูŠู†ู‡ุงุจุชูƒูˆู†

115
00:08:30,730 --> 00:08:34,030
ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนุฑู ุงู† ุงู„ููŠุจูŠุง ู„ูˆ ุชูŠุจูŠุง ุจุชุญุฑูƒูˆุง

116
00:08:34,030 --> 00:08:37,430
ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูˆ ูƒุฏู‡ ุงู„ูƒูŠุฑูŠุฏูŠุง ูˆ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ููŠุจูŠุง ู‡ู… ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„

117
00:08:37,430 --> 00:08:41,970
subination ูˆ ุงู„ pronation ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฑุงุจุท

118
00:08:41,970 --> 00:08:47,050
ุญุชู‰ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุถู…ุชูŠู† ู…ุง ูŠู†ููƒูˆุง ุนู† ุจุนุถู‡ู…ุงู„ู€ slightly

119
00:08:47,050 --> 00:08:51,590
movable joint ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ุงู„ู€ Amphiarthrosis joint

120
00:08:51,590 --> 00:08:55,970
ู‡ุฐูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ูƒุงุฑุชูŠู„ูŠุฌู†ุณ ุฌูˆุงู†ุณ ุจุฑู…ุช ู…ูˆุดู† ุฃูˆ more

121
00:08:55,970 --> 00:09:00,850
motion of the adjacent bone ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณู† ุฃุฑุถูŠุงู„

122
00:09:00,850 --> 00:09:06,130
ุฌูˆุงู†ุณ ุทุจุนุง ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ุณู†ูƒู†ุฏุฑูˆุณูŠุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุซู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง

123
00:09:06,710 --> 00:09:12,510
ุงู„ู€ sternocostal joints ูˆูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ุงุจูŠููŠุฒูŠุง ุงู„ุงุจู„ุงุชูŠ

124
00:09:12,510 --> 00:09:17,050
ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุนุธุงู… ุญุชู‰ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุจุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ

125
00:09:17,050 --> 00:09:22,910
ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู†ู…ูˆ ูˆ ุชุทูˆุฑ ู„ู„ุจูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงุจุชุฏูƒ

126
00:09:22,910 --> 00:09:27,530
ูุชุฑุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ู„ุฅู† ุงู„ุนุธุงู… ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุทูˆู„ ูˆ ุชูˆุงูƒุจ ุงู„ู„ู‰

127
00:09:27,530 --> 00:09:31,890
ู‡ูˆ ู†ู…ูˆ ูˆ ุงู„ุชุทูˆุฑ ุชุจุน ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูˆู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† thin

128
00:09:31,890 --> 00:09:35,170
layer of hyaline cartilage

129
00:09:38,830 --> 00:09:43,710
ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€Synthesis Jones ูู‡ูŠ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€Pubic Synthesis

130
00:09:43,710 --> 00:09:49,590
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุจุท two pubic bone of the pelvic bone ููŠ

131
00:09:49,590 --> 00:09:52,890
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€Jones ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุซู†ุจู„ุงุช ุฃูˆููŠุงู„ูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฒูŠ ุฏุณูƒ

132
00:09:52,890 --> 00:09:57,310
ูƒุฏู‡ ุนุงู…ู„ separated a disc fibro cartilage from the

133
00:09:57,310 --> 00:10:01,930
bone ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ุนุถู…ุชูŠู† ูˆููŠ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ูƒุฏู‡ู‡ูˆ ุฒูŠ

134
00:10:01,930 --> 00:10:08,590
disk ูƒุฏู‡ ุฃูˆ ู‚ุฑุต ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุจุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ

135
00:10:08,590 --> 00:10:13,110
ุญุชู‰ ูŠู…ู†ุน ุงู„ุงุญุชูƒุงูƒ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุนุถู…ุชูŠู† ูˆุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ูŠูุตู„

136
00:10:13,110 --> 00:10:18,850
ุนุถู…ุชูŠู† ุนู† ุจุนุถ ูˆ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูุตู„ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงู„

137
00:10:18,850 --> 00:10:22,150
disk ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ intervertebral disk ูˆ ุฒูŠ

138
00:10:22,150 --> 00:10:27,590
ุงู„pupus synthesis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ูˆุถุญ ู‡ู†ุง ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„

139
00:10:28,520 --> 00:10:33,080
ุงู„ freely movable joints ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ diaarthrosis or

140
00:10:33,080 --> 00:10:38,580
synovial joints ู‡ู†ุง ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ู…ุนุธู… ู…ูุงุตู„ ุฌุณู…

141
00:10:38,580 --> 00:10:42,420
ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†ุŒ ู…ูุงุตู„ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุจุชุณู…ุญ ุจุงู„

142
00:10:42,420 --> 00:10:46,180
functional movementุŒ ุงู„ locomotionุŒ ุงู„ .. ูƒู„

143
00:10:46,180 --> 00:10:48,320
ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฅุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ daily activity

144
00:10:48,320 --> 00:10:52,520
ุจุชุญุชุงุฌ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู‡ุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูุงุตู„ุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ joints

145
00:10:52,880 --> 00:10:57,400
ุงู„ุญูุงุธ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุณุฏ ูŠุชู… ุชุบุทูŠู‡ ุจุงู„ู€ Articular

146
00:10:57,400 --> 00:11:01,980
Cartilage ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู‡ูŠุงู„ูŠู† ูƒุงุฑุชูŠู„ุงุฌ ูˆุงู„ูƒุงุจุณูˆู„ ูƒู…ุงู†

147
00:11:01,980 --> 00:11:06,420
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุญุงุทุฉ ุจุงู„ูƒุงุจุณูˆู„ ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง Senovial Membrane

148
00:11:06,420 --> 00:11:10,600
ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง Senovial Fluid inside ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ Senovial

149
00:11:10,600 --> 00:11:13,740
Membrane ุฃูˆ Lining ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ labrication

150
00:11:14,790 --> 00:11:19,510
ุงู„ุณูŠู†ูˆููŠุงู„ ุงู„ูู„ูˆุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุซู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ ู†ูŠุฌูˆู† ุฒูŠ

151
00:11:19,510 --> 00:11:22,850
ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง capsule ูˆ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง

152
00:11:22,850 --> 00:11:25,910
ุณูŠู†ูˆููŠุงู„ membrane ูˆ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุณูŠู†ูˆููŠุงู„ cavity ูˆ

153
00:11:25,910 --> 00:11:29,090
ุงู„ุณูŠู†ูˆููŠุงู„ cavity ุจุชูƒูˆู† full of ุณูŠู†ูˆููŠุงู„ fluid

154
00:11:29,090 --> 00:11:31,670
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูˆ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง cartilage ุทุจู‚ุชูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„

155
00:11:31,670 --> 00:11:35,680
cartilageุทุจู‚ุชูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ .. ุงู„ cartilageุŒ ุงู„

156
00:11:35,680 --> 00:11:41,940
cartilage ุญุชู‰ ูŠู…ู†ุน ุงู„ุงุญุชูƒุงูƒ ู…ุน ุงู„ .. ุญุชู‰ ูŠู…ู†ุน

157
00:11:41,940 --> 00:11:44,000
ุงู„ุงุญุชูƒุงูƒ ู…ุน ุงู„ two bones

158
00:11:48,650 --> 00:11:52,450
ุทุจุนุง ุนู†ุฏู†ุง many types of synovial joints ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง

159
00:11:52,450 --> 00:11:55,390
ุงู„ gliding joints ููŠ in these joints the

160
00:11:55,390 --> 00:12:00,350
articulating bone surface are nearly flat ุทุจุนุง ุงู„

161
00:12:00,350 --> 00:12:04,510
gliding ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจุณ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุฅุฒุงุญุฉ

162
00:12:04,510 --> 00:12:09,850
ูู‚ุท ูˆู‡ูŠ non axial gliding ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ุทุจุนุง

163
00:12:09,850 --> 00:12:13,030
examples include intermetatarsal ูˆ ุงู„

164
00:12:13,030 --> 00:12:17,800
intermetacarpal ูˆ ุงู„ intertarsal jointsูˆุงู„ู€ facet

165
00:12:17,800 --> 00:12:21,380
joints ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ vertebral ู‡ูŠ ู…ุซู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„

166
00:12:21,380 --> 00:12:28,440
gliding joints ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ hinge joint ู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃูƒุชุฑ

167
00:12:28,440 --> 00:12:32,600
mobility ุงู„ุฃู‡ู… ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง two surfaces

168
00:12:32,600 --> 00:12:38,460
ู…ู†ู‡ุง convex ูˆ ู…ู†ู‡ุง concave surface ุทุจุนุง ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู†

169
00:12:38,460 --> 00:12:44,060
two ends of the bone ู…ุฑุจุทูŠู† ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ strong ูƒู„ุฉ ุชุฑู‰

170
00:12:44,060 --> 00:12:48,030
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌู…ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠู† ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุนู„ู‰Restriction ู„ู„ู€

171
00:12:48,030 --> 00:12:52,590
movement ููŠ ุงู„ planner ูˆู‡ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุดูƒู„ู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„

172
00:12:52,590 --> 00:12:58,450
hinge-like motion ุงู„ example ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ ulnar humeral

173
00:12:58,450 --> 00:13:01,330
joint ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ elbow joint ูˆ ุงู„ interphalangeal

174
00:13:01,330 --> 00:13:06,830
joint ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ pivot joint ูู‡ูŠ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ rotation ุทุจุนุง

175
00:13:06,830 --> 00:13:09,510
ุงุญู†ุง ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ joints ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ

176
00:13:09,510 --> 00:13:14,710
ููŠู‡ุง limitedููŠ plan ู…ุนูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุจุชุณู…ุญ

177
00:13:14,710 --> 00:13:18,230
ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ hinge joint ุจุณู…ุญ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ููŠ one

178
00:13:18,230 --> 00:13:22,290
plan ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ societal ุจplan ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ pivot joint

179
00:13:22,290 --> 00:13:26,490
ูู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุจุณู…ุญู„ู‡ ุจุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ rotation ุงู„ rotation

180
00:13:26,490 --> 00:13:30,950
ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ horizontal plan ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†

181
00:13:30,950 --> 00:13:34,810
rotation around and axis ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง

182
00:13:34,810 --> 00:13:38,810
ุงู„atlanto axial jointูˆ ุงู„ proximal ูˆ ุงู„ distal

183
00:13:38,810 --> 00:13:42,490
radio ulnar joint ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู†ุง ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ subination

184
00:13:42,490 --> 00:13:46,070
ูˆ ุงู„ pronation ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ Atlanta axial ูู‡ูŠ movement

185
00:13:46,070 --> 00:13:50,530
of the neck in right and left rotation ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุดูƒู„ ุงู„

186
00:13:50,530 --> 00:13:54,450
hinge joint ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฅุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ ุฒูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ุซู„ ู„ู„

187
00:13:54,450 --> 00:13:58,790
elbow joint ุฃู…ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ pivot ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑุงู† around

188
00:13:58,790 --> 00:14:03,780
and axisู‡ู†ุง ุบุงู„ุจุง ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ Sagittal Plan

189
00:14:03,780 --> 00:14:10,160
ุฃู…ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุญุฑูƒุฉ ููŠ Transverse Plan ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ Condyloid

190
00:14:10,160 --> 00:14:14,100
Joint ุงู„ Condyloid Joint ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆ ูƒุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนูŠู†ู†ุง two

191
00:14:14,100 --> 00:14:18,360
oval convex and concave surface ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง

192
00:14:18,360 --> 00:14:23,500
ู…ุซุจุชูŠู† ููˆู‚ ุจุนุถ ReciprocallyูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆ ูƒุฃู†ู‡ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง

193
00:14:23,500 --> 00:14:27,880
ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุจุงู„ .. ุจุงู„ .. ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง one convex and one

194
00:14:27,880 --> 00:14:31,920
concave surface ูˆ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ afflection ูˆ

195
00:14:31,920 --> 00:14:34,800
extension ููŠ ุงู„ุณุฌู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฅุจู„ุงู† ูˆ abduction ูˆ

196
00:14:34,800 --> 00:14:38,700
adduction ููŠ ุงู„ frontal ุฅุจู„ุงู† ูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุณู…ุญ ุงู„ู†ุงุฆุจ

197
00:14:38,700 --> 00:14:44,560
ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ circumduction ูƒู…ุงู† ุฎููŠูุฉ ุฎู„ู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุด

198
00:14:44,560 --> 00:14:50,990
ูุชุฑูŠ ุฅุจู„ุงู†ุทุจุนุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ example ู‡ู†ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุจุงู„ meta

199
00:14:50,990 --> 00:14:56,010
-carbo-phalangeal joints ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ู…ู†

200
00:14:56,010 --> 00:15:00,490
ุงู„ index ู„ ุงู„ fifth .. ุงู„ second ู„ ุงู„ fifth joint

201
00:15:00,490 --> 00:15:04,590
ูˆ .. ูˆ ุงู„ radio-carbal joints ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง

202
00:15:04,590 --> 00:15:07,210
ุงู„ wrist joint ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู„ูŠ ุญุฑูƒุฉ flexion,

203
00:15:07,350 --> 00:15:12,980
extension, adduction ุฃูˆ radialradio ูˆ ulnar

204
00:15:12,980 --> 00:15:16,980
movement ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ radial deviation ูˆ ุงู„ ulnar

205
00:15:16,980 --> 00:15:22,220
deviation ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ุตุฏู„ joint ูู‡ูˆ ูˆ ูƒุฃู†ู‡ ุจุดุจู‡ ุจุญุฑูƒุฉ

206
00:15:22,220 --> 00:15:25,660
ุงู„ุตุฏู„

207
00:15:25,660 --> 00:15:30,190
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุณุฑุฌ ุงู„ุญุตุงู†ูƒูŠู ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ูุงุฑุณ ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุฑุฌ

208
00:15:30,190 --> 00:15:35,890
ุงู„ุญุตุงู†ุŸ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุทุงุจู‚ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ .. ุฒูŠ .. ุฒูŠ

209
00:15:35,890 --> 00:15:38,850
ุงู„ูƒุฑุณูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ูุงุฑุณ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุญุตุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ

210
00:15:38,850 --> 00:15:42,550
ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุณุฑุฌ ุงู„ุญุตุงู†ุŒ ุงู„ movement ุฏุงูŠู…ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฒูŠ

211
00:15:42,550 --> 00:15:45,690
ุงู„condyloid joint ู„ูƒู† ุจุชุนุทูŠ greater movement ุฒูŠ ุงู„

212
00:15:45,690 --> 00:15:50,340
metacarbophalangeal joint of the thumbุฃู…ุง ุงู„ ball

213
00:15:50,340 --> 00:15:56,680
and socket ูู‡ูˆ freely movable joints ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ

214
00:15:56,680 --> 00:16:00,700
movement in three planes of movement ูˆุงู„ู…ุซู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง

215
00:16:00,700 --> 00:16:04,880
ุทุจุนุง ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ูˆ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง convex and concave shape

216
00:16:04,880 --> 00:16:10,500
ู„ูƒู† ูˆูƒุฃู†ู‡ุง ุนุงู…ู„ุฉ ุงู„ูƒุฑุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ุฌุฑุงุจ ุชุจุนู‡ุง ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ูŠ

217
00:16:10,500 --> 00:16:14,300
rotation ููŠ ุงู„ three planes ุฒูŠ ุงู„ hip and shoulder

218
00:16:14,300 --> 00:16:19,670
joint ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ synaphear joints veryุจุชุฎุชู„ู ูƒุซูŠุฑู‹ุง

219
00:16:19,670 --> 00:16:25,050
ููŠ ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุฑูƒุฉ ูƒู…ุง ุดู‡ุฏุช ููŠ ุงู„ููŠุฌูˆุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ

220
00:16:25,050 --> 00:16:30,530
ุณู†ุดุงู‡ุฏู‡ุง ุฅู†ู‡ู… ุนุงู…ู‹ุง ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ูŠู† ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู†

221
00:16:30,530 --> 00:16:34,710
ุงูƒุณุณุงุช ุงู„ุชุญูˆู„ ุทุจุนู‹ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงูƒุณุณ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃูˆ ุงูƒุณุณ

222
00:16:34,710 --> 00:16:39,190
ุงุซู†ุงู† ุงูˆ ุงูƒุณุณ ุซู„ุงุซ ูุงู„ุงูƒุณุณ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุณู…ู‰ uniaxialูˆุงู„ู€

223
00:16:39,190 --> 00:16:43,170
two axis ุจูŠุณู…ู‰ biaxial ูˆุงู„ู€ three axis ุจูŠุณู…ู‰

224
00:16:43,170 --> 00:16:51,510
triaxial ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ููŠุฌุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูˆุถุญู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูุงุตู„ ุจุดูƒู„

225
00:16:51,510 --> 00:16:55,490
ุนุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู†ุฏู„ุงูŠุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ two axisู‡ู†ุง ุงู„

226
00:16:55,490 --> 00:16:58,770
ball and socket ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ three axis ุฅู† ุงู„ gliding

227
00:16:58,770 --> 00:17:03,270
joint ุงู„ movement non axial movement ูู‚ุท ู‡ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ

228
00:17:03,270 --> 00:17:06,970
gliding ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ pivot ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„

229
00:17:06,970 --> 00:17:11,010
rotation ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุตุฏู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ metacarpophalangeal

230
00:17:11,010 --> 00:17:16,970
joint of the thumb ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจ two plantsุŒ

231
00:17:16,970 --> 00:17:19,690
deflection, extension, abduction, adduction ูˆูƒู…ุงู†

232
00:17:19,690 --> 00:17:21,670
ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ opposition

233
00:17:24,110 --> 00:17:28,070
ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ few joints where only limited motion is

234
00:17:28,070 --> 00:17:32,530
permitted in any direction are termed non-axial ูˆ

235
00:17:32,530 --> 00:17:35,890
ุงู„ู€ joint motion capability also sometimes

236
00:17:35,890 --> 00:17:39,470
described in terms of degree of freedom ูู„ู…ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู…

237
00:17:39,470 --> 00:17:42,290
ุนู† movement in one plan ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง one degree of

238
00:17:42,290 --> 00:17:46,740
freedom ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ uniaxialูˆ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ two plan

239
00:17:46,740 --> 00:17:51,080
ุจุชุณู…ู‰ bi-axial ุจุชุณู…ู‰ two degree of freedom ูˆ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ

240
00:17:51,080 --> 00:17:55,040
ุงู„ tri-axial joint ุจุชุณู…ู‰ three degree of freedom

241
00:17:55,040 --> 00:17:59,640
ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุงูŠ ู…ุตู…ูŠุงุช ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู„ู„ู…ูุงุตู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู‚ุฑุฃู‡ุง ููŠ ุนุฏุฉ

242
00:17:59,640 --> 00:18:03,440
ู…ุฑุงุฌุน ุญุชู‰ ู†ูƒูˆู† ุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู†ู‡ุง ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ synovial

243
00:18:03,440 --> 00:18:07,240
structure ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ associated with the

244
00:18:07,240 --> 00:18:11,550
diarthroุฃุฑุซุฑูˆุฏูŠุงู„ ุฌูˆู†ุณ ู‡ูŠ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุจุฑุตุฉ

245
00:18:11,550 --> 00:18:14,750
ูˆุงู„ุชู†ุฏูˆู†ุดูŠุช ุงูŠุด ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑุตุฉ ูˆุงู„ุชู†ุฏูˆู†ุดูŠุช ุชุนู…ู„

246
00:18:14,750 --> 00:18:19,650
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ facilitation ู„ุงู„ู…ovement ูˆ ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุชู†ุฏูˆู† ุงูˆ

247
00:18:19,650 --> 00:18:22,710
ู„ู„ structure ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ

248
00:18:22,710 --> 00:18:29,390
ุงู„ุจุฑุตุฉ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† small capsules ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ

249
00:18:29,390 --> 00:18:34,530
ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุฎุฏุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ within the synovial

250
00:18:34,530 --> 00:18:39,190
membraneูˆ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠู‡ุง synovial fluid ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง

251
00:18:39,190 --> 00:18:42,990
ุชุนู…ู„ ู…ุฎุฏุฉ separating ุงู„ bone ุนู† ุงู„ bone ุงูˆ ุงู„

252
00:18:42,990 --> 00:18:47,190
tendon ุนู† ุงู„ bone ุญุชู‰ ุชู…ู†ุน ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงุญุชูƒุงูƒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

253
00:18:47,190 --> 00:18:51,290
ู‡ุชูƒูˆู† heart from the structure ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู…ุฑ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡

254
00:18:51,290 --> 00:18:54,090
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ู†ุชุฎูŠู„ ุงู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง tendon ู‡ูˆ ู‚ุงุนุฏ ุทูˆู„ ู…ุง

255
00:18:54,090 --> 00:18:57,990
ู‡ูˆ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุญู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู… ุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง ุงู†ู‡ ู†ู…ุณูƒ ุญุจู„

256
00:18:57,990 --> 00:19:05,070
ุงุญู†ุง ูˆ ู†ุถู„ู†ุง ุงู†ุญุช ููŠููŠ ุนุถู…ุฉ ุงูˆ ููŠ ู„ูˆุญ ุฎุดุจูŠ ุงุด ุจุตูŠุฑ

257
00:19:05,070 --> 00:19:08,790
ููŠู‡ุง ุจุชู†ู‚ุทุน ุงู…ุง ู„ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ุญุทูŠู†ุง ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุญุทูŠู†ุง ู†ุฎุฏุฉ ูˆ

258
00:19:08,790 --> 00:19:12,970
ูƒู†ุง ุจู†ู…ุฑุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู†ู‡ ูŠู†ุทู‚ ุงู„ most bursa

259
00:19:12,970 --> 00:19:16,870
separate tendon from bone reducing the friction of

260
00:19:16,870 --> 00:19:21,210
the tendon during joint motion ุทุจุนุง some bursaู…ุซู„

261
00:19:21,210 --> 00:19:25,470
ุงู„ุงูˆู„ูŠูƒุฑุงู†ูˆู† ุงู„ุจุฑุตุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุชุญุช ุงู„ุงูˆู„ูŠูƒุฑุงู†ูˆู† ู…ู†

262
00:19:25,470 --> 00:19:30,130
ุงู„ุจูˆู† ุจุชูุตู„ ุงู„ุจูˆู† ุนู† ุงู„ skin ุนุดุงู† ู…ุงูŠูƒูˆู†ุด ุงู„ skin

263
00:19:30,130 --> 00:19:36,290
ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจูˆู† ุงู…ุง ุงู„ tendon sheets ูู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†

264
00:19:36,290 --> 00:19:40,870
ุบู„ุงู ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุบู„ุงู ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุจู†ุญุทู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงูŠ ุงุดู‰ ุงุญู†ุง

265
00:19:40,870 --> 00:19:44,530
ุญุชู‰ ู†ุญู…ูŠู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† double layer synovial structure

266
00:19:44,530 --> 00:19:48,100
that surround ุงู„ tendonpositioned in clothes

267
00:19:48,100 --> 00:19:51,560
associated with moonุŒ ุงู„ tendon sheet ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ sheet

268
00:19:51,560 --> 00:19:55,260
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ู„ู„ tendon ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุจูŠู…ุฑ ุนู„ู‰

269
00:19:55,260 --> 00:20:01,060
ุงู„ุนุถู… ุงู„ุนุถู„ุŒ many of the long muscle tendon ุงู„ู„ูŠ

270
00:20:01,060 --> 00:20:04,880
ุจุชุนุฏูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ wrist ูˆ ุงู„ finger ุจุชูƒูˆู† protected by

271
00:20:04,880 --> 00:20:09,140
tendon sheets ุญุชู‰ ุชู…ู†ุน ุงู„ุงุนุฏูŠูƒุงุงู„ุฑูˆุญ ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู…ู‡ู…

272
00:20:09,140 --> 00:20:11,780
related ู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุญูƒูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ joint

273
00:20:11,780 --> 00:20:16,080
stabilityุŒ ุทุจุนุง the stability of an articulation

274
00:20:16,080 --> 00:20:21,860
is its ability to resist dislocationุŒ ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠุŸ

275
00:20:21,860 --> 00:20:25,620
ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† jointุŒ ุงู„ joint ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุธู„ ููŠ ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ุŒ

276
00:20:25,620 --> 00:20:29,900
ู…ุงูŠู†ูุตู„ ุฃูˆ ู…ุงูŠู†ุฒุญ ุฃูˆ ู…ุงูŠู†ุณูุฑุŒ ููŠ ู„ุง dislocation

277
00:20:29,900 --> 00:20:33,900
ูˆู„ุง subluxationุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุงุจุฏ ูŠู†ุฎู„ุน ู…ู† ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ

278
00:20:33,900 --> 00:20:37,580
ุจุฏูŠู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุชุญุฑูƒ ู…ู† ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ ุจุญูŠุซ ู…ุง ูŠุนู…ู„ูŠุด ุฃู„ู…

279
00:20:37,580 --> 00:20:43,440
ุดุฏูŠุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูุณุฏ especially it is the ability to

280
00:20:43,440 --> 00:20:46,740
resist the displacement of one bone end with

281
00:20:46,740 --> 00:20:51,860
respect to another ูˆูƒู…ุงู† to prevent injury to the

282
00:20:51,860 --> 00:20:52,320
ligament

283
00:21:00,060 --> 00:21:04,400
ุฃูˆู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงู„ู€ shape of the articulating bone

284
00:21:04,400 --> 00:21:10,120
surface ุทุจุนุง ู…ู‡ู… ูƒุชูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ mechanical joints ุงู„

285
00:21:10,120 --> 00:21:14,960
articulating part are exact opposition in shape so

286
00:21:14,960 --> 00:21:18,480
that fit tightly together ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ู‡ ูˆ ูƒุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู†

287
00:21:18,480 --> 00:21:23,290
ุงู„ุณุทุญูˆุงู„ุณุทุญ ูƒูˆู†ูƒุงุจ ูˆู…ุชู„ุจุณูŠู† ููŠ ุจุนุถ ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†

288
00:21:23,290 --> 00:21:26,710
ู‡ู†ุง ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู‡ู† ุงู„ุฌุงูŠู†ุฏ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ุชุทุงุจู‚ ูˆูƒุฐู„ูƒ

289
00:21:26,710 --> 00:21:30,130
ุงู„ุตุฏุฑ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุฏ ูˆ ุงู„ ball and socket ุฌุงู†ุฏ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ

290
00:21:30,130 --> 00:21:33,790
ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุจุชุฃุซุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ human body the

291
00:21:33,790 --> 00:21:35,950
articulating end of the bone

292
00:21:44,540 --> 00:21:50,240
ู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ู…ุฌู„ุฏุงุช ู„ุฏูŠู‡ุง ู…ุฌู„ุฏุงุช ู…ุชุตุฑูุฉ ูˆู…ุชุทุงุจู‚ูŠู†

293
00:21:50,240 --> 00:21:54,180
ูˆู…ุชุทุงุจู‚ูŠู† ูˆู…ุชุทุงุจู‚ูŠู†

294
00:21:54,340 --> 00:21:59,000
ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ุงู„ุดูˆุฑุฏุฑุŒ ุงู„ุดูˆุฑุฏุฑุŒ ู„ุฃ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„

295
00:21:59,000 --> 00:22:03,880
head of the humerus ู…ุด ู…ุชุทุงุจู‚ุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุง ู…ุน ุงู„

296
00:22:03,880 --> 00:22:06,820
leganoid cavity ุนุดุงู† ููŠู‡ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง labrum

297
00:22:06,820 --> 00:22:10,680
acetaglialaeุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุฒูˆุฏ ุงู„ congruence ุชุจุน ุงู„ุฌู†ุงุฒุฉ

298
00:22:10,680 --> 00:22:14,260
and there is typical one position of best fit in

299
00:22:14,260 --> 00:22:17,580
which the area of contact is maximumูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„

300
00:22:17,580 --> 00:22:20,780
position ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ closed back

301
00:22:20,780 --> 00:22:24,900
position ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ position ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ุฃูƒุชุฑ

302
00:22:24,900 --> 00:22:28,360
ุฅุดูŠ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง greatest stability ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

303
00:22:28,360 --> 00:22:33,340
ุจูƒูˆู† ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุฅุดูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ stability

304
00:22:33,340 --> 00:22:40,830
ูˆููŠ ุชู…ุงุซ ุฃูˆ ููŠ contact ุจูŠู† ุงู„ two ends of boneุทุจุนุง

305
00:22:40,830 --> 00:22:44,830
ุฃูŠ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุนูŠุฏุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ closed back

306
00:22:44,830 --> 00:22:48,990
ูุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ lose back position ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู†

307
00:22:48,990 --> 00:23:01,150
ุฃู‚ู„ ุงู„ contact ุจูŠู† ุงู„ two bone endsูˆ ุฃูŠ

308
00:23:01,150 --> 00:23:05,450
ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†

309
00:23:05,450 --> 00:23:10,790
ุงู„ู…ูุงุตู„ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุจู†ู‚ุฏุฑ ุงุญู†ุง ู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ู†ุง

310
00:23:10,790 --> 00:23:15,930
ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ูƒุชูŠุฑ stable some articulating surfaces are

311
00:23:15,930 --> 00:23:20,970
shaped so that in both close and in back position

312
00:23:21,380 --> 00:23:25,420
there is either a large or small amount of contact

313
00:23:25,420 --> 00:23:29,540
area and consequently more or less stability ุทุจุนุง

314
00:23:29,540 --> 00:23:34,000
ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนุฑู ุงู† ุงู„ู…ูุงุตู„ ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ูุงุตู„ ู†ู‚ูˆู„

315
00:23:34,000 --> 00:23:37,880
ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง relaxing position ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู† ุงู„ ligaments

316
00:23:37,880 --> 00:23:41,800
ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุฑุงููŠุฉ ู„ุฃ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ู†ุง ุจู†ู‚ุฏุฑ ู†ุนู…ู„ ุญุฑูƒุฉ

317
00:23:41,800 --> 00:23:45,290
ุงูˆ ู…ุงุจู†ู‚ุฏุฑุด ู†ุนู…ู„ ุญุฑูƒุฉุทุจุนุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ acetabulum

318
00:23:45,290 --> 00:23:49,170
provide a relatively deep socket for the head ุทุจุนุง

319
00:23:49,170 --> 00:23:53,930
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ acetabulum ููŠ ุฌุฑุงุจ ูƒุงู…ู„ ูˆู…ุญุงุทุฉ ูƒู„ ุงู„

320
00:23:53,930 --> 00:23:58,230
head of a female ู…ุญุงุทุฉ ุจุงู„ acetabulum ูˆุฏุงุฆู…ุง ููŠ

321
00:23:58,230 --> 00:24:02,350
ุนู†ุง large amount of contact ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠ ุงู„

322
00:24:02,740 --> 00:24:05,780
ุงู„ู€ hip joint is a stable joint ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ shoulder

323
00:24:05,780 --> 00:24:09,400
ู„ุฃ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง small glenoid ูุตุฉ ูˆ ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ููŠ ุงู„

324
00:24:09,400 --> 00:24:12,520
vertical diameter ู„ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ู‚ุตู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง

325
00:24:12,520 --> 00:24:15,500
approximately 75% of the vertical diameter ููŠ

326
00:24:15,500 --> 00:24:18,600
contact of the humeral head and horizontal

327
00:24:18,600 --> 00:24:23,080
diameter ุจุณ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง 60%ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ

328
00:24:23,080 --> 00:24:28,620
ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ

329
00:24:28,620 --> 00:24:36,840
ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ

330
00:24:36,860 --> 00:24:41,680
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฌู„ุฏ ู†ุญู† ู†ุนุฑู ุฃู†

331
00:24:41,680 --> 00:24:45,280
ุงู„ู…ุฌู„ุฏ ู‡ูˆ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ุฌู„ุฏ ู…ูˆุจุงูŠู„ ูˆูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ุฌู„ุฏ ู…ุณุชู‚ู„

332
00:24:45,280 --> 00:24:50,240
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠูˆุฌุฏ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠุฉ ุจูŠู† ุฑุฆูŠุณ ุงู„ู‡ูŠูˆู…ูŠุฑุณ

333
00:24:50,240 --> 00:24:55,100
ูˆุงู„ุฃุณุงุชุฑูˆู„ุงุจ ุฅุตู„ุงุญุงุช ุฃู†ุงุทู…ุฉ ู„ู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ููŠ ุดูƒู„ ูˆู…ุนู…ูˆู…ุฉ

334
00:24:55,100 --> 00:24:58,900
ู…ุฌู„ุฏ ู…ุฌู„ุฏ ู…ูˆุจุงูŠู„ ูˆู…ุนู…ูˆู…ุฉ ู…ุฌู„ุฏ ู…ูˆุจุงูŠู„ ูˆู…ุนู…ูˆู…ุฉ ู…ุฌู„ุฏ

335
00:25:01,800 --> 00:25:05,360
Some people have joints that are more or less

336
00:25:05,360 --> 00:25:08,620
stable than averageุŒ ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ

337
00:25:08,620 --> 00:25:11,880
ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… flexibility ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ู„ุงุญู‚ุงุŒ ูˆ ููŠ

338
00:25:11,880 --> 00:25:14,920
ู†ุงุณ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู† ู‡ู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุน ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุน ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡

339
00:25:14,920 --> 00:25:18,420
ุฒูˆุบุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ุŒ ุน ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุน ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡

340
00:25:18,420 --> 00:25:22,300
ุฎู„ู‚ ู…ุซู„ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ุŒ ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ุงู„ variations ุจุชูƒูˆู†

341
00:25:22,300 --> 00:25:26,650
individualregion of the ligament and the muscle

342
00:25:26,650 --> 00:25:31,170
ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ุงู„ ligament ูˆ ุงู„ muscle ูˆ ุงู„

343
00:25:31,170 --> 00:25:33,790
muscle tendon affect relatively the stability of

344
00:25:33,790 --> 00:25:37,070
the joint ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ knee joint ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุชุนุฑู ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„

345
00:25:37,070 --> 00:25:41,790
shoulder joint ุงู„ bone ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ configuration is

346
00:25:41,790 --> 00:25:46,970
not particularly stable ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุนุถู…

347
00:25:46,970 --> 00:25:51,820
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู…ุฎุชู„ู ู…ุง ุจูŠู†ุงู„ู€ two ends of the bone

348
00:25:51,820 --> 00:25:55,720
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ู€ humerus ุงู„ู€ head ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€

349
00:25:55,720 --> 00:26:00,080
acetabulum ุงู„ femoral condyle ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ plateau

350
00:26:00,080 --> 00:26:05,080
ุชุจุนุช ุงู„ุชูŠุจูŠุง ุทุจุนุง ุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุง ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ู„ูŠุฌุงู…ู† ูˆ

351
00:26:05,080 --> 00:26:08,700
muscle contribute in the stability ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุณุงุนุฏ

352
00:26:08,700 --> 00:26:12,200
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ holding the articular bones in together

353
00:26:12,200 --> 00:26:16,360
ุทุจุนุง ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ tissue weak ูƒู…ู† ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ disuse

354
00:26:16,360 --> 00:26:20,750
ุฃูˆ laxityfrom being overstretched ุทุจุนุง ุจุชู‚ู„ ุงู„

355
00:26:20,750 --> 00:26:24,370
stability ูˆ ุจุตูŠุฑ ููŠ reduction ู„ู„ stability ูˆ ุจุตูŠุฑ

356
00:26:24,370 --> 00:26:27,870
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ู…ุนุฑุถ ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ

357
00:26:27,870 --> 00:26:31,390
dislocation ุงูˆ subluxation ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ strong ligament

358
00:26:31,390 --> 00:26:34,970
ุงู„ muscle ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ุจูŠุฒูˆุฏ ุงู„ stability ุนุดุงู†ูƒ ุงุญู†ุง ุญุชู‰

359
00:26:34,970 --> 00:26:38,410
ู„ูˆ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุญูŠุงุชู†ุง ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ ููŠู†ุง ุงูŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ

360
00:26:38,410 --> 00:26:41,270
ุงู„ ligament ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุชู‚ูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุทุฉ

361
00:26:41,270 --> 00:26:46,220
ุจุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ุญุชู‰ ุงู†ู‡ูˆุถ ุงู„ุฎู„ู„ ุงู„ุญุงุตู„ ููŠ ุงู„ ligamentุนู†

362
00:26:46,220 --> 00:26:50,660
ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ stability of the muscle ุทุจุนุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„

363
00:26:50,660 --> 00:26:53,200
stretching of the quadriceps and the hamstring

364
00:26:53,200 --> 00:26:56,860
group ุฏู‡ ุนุงุฏุฉ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุณุงุนุฏู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง stable

365
00:26:56,860 --> 00:27:00,980
ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ to muscle ุจูŠุณุงุนุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ stability of the

366
00:27:00,980 --> 00:27:05,340
knee ูˆ ุทุจุนุง ุงุญู†ุง ู‡ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ complexity ุชุจุน ุงู„ knee

367
00:27:05,340 --> 00:27:08,220
joint ููŠ ุงู„ illustration ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุงู„

368
00:27:08,220 --> 00:27:11,380
knee joint ุจุชู…ุชุน ุจุนุฏุฏ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ ligaments ูˆ ุงู„

369
00:27:11,380 --> 00:27:14,380
tendons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู…ุฑุนู„ูŠู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุง ุงู„ lateral collateral

370
00:27:14,380 --> 00:27:18,580
ligament ูˆ ุงู„ media collateral ligament ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง

371
00:27:18,580 --> 00:27:21,840
ุดุงูŠููŠู† ูˆ ููŠ ุนู†ุง media meniscus ูˆ ููŠ ุนู†ุง lateral

372
00:27:21,840 --> 00:27:25,560
meniscus ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุจูŠุฒูˆุฏูˆุง ุงู„ congruent ุณุจุนุช ุงู„ joints

373
00:27:25,560 --> 00:27:28,600
ูˆ ููŠ ุนู†ุง ุงู„ anterior ูˆ ุงู„ posterior ุงู„ุฌุฑุงููŠุงุช

374
00:27:28,600 --> 00:27:32,740
ligament ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฒูˆุฏูˆุง ุงู„ stabilityTowards the

375
00:27:32,740 --> 00:27:35,800
anterior and posterior drawer of the knee ูˆููŠ

376
00:27:35,800 --> 00:27:40,160
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุชู†ุฏุจุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠู‡ ูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ู†ุธูˆู…ุฉ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ

377
00:27:40,160 --> 00:27:44,740
ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ู…ุตู„ ุงู„ู†ูŠู‡ ู…ู† ุฃู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุฃูŠ

378
00:27:44,740 --> 00:27:49,240
displacement ุฃูˆ distraction ุทุจุนุง ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ angle of

379
00:27:49,240 --> 00:27:54,670
attachment of the most tendonto the bone ุจุณุงุนุฏ

380
00:27:54,670 --> 00:27:58,690
ุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ arrangement ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅู† ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ู„ูˆ ุนู…ู„ุช ุฃูŠ

381
00:27:58,690 --> 00:28:01,630
tension when the muscle exert tension ุงู„

382
00:28:01,630 --> 00:28:04,470
articulation end of the bone and the joint across

383
00:28:04,470 --> 00:28:08,910
are pulled closer together ุญุชู‰ ุชุชุฒูˆุฏ ู„ stability

384
00:28:08,910 --> 00:28:12,260
to enhance stability of the jointููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ

385
00:28:12,260 --> 00:28:15,400
usually found when the muscle on the opposite side

386
00:28:15,400 --> 00:28:18,180
of the joint producing simultaneously ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ุฉ

387
00:28:18,180 --> 00:28:22,320
synergy ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุดุบู„ ูุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุชุดุบู„ ุจุชุณุงุนุฏ

388
00:28:22,320 --> 00:28:27,500
ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุญู…ูŠ ูˆุชุนู…ู„ ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ูุงุตู„ ุงู„ู…ูุงุตู„ ู„ู…ุง

389
00:28:27,500 --> 00:28:30,600
ุชูƒูˆู† fatigue ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ joint stability ูˆ ุงู„

390
00:28:30,600 --> 00:28:34,040
injuryุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุจุชุญุตู„ ูุจุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏูŠ .. ุงุฐุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ

391
00:28:34,040 --> 00:28:37,380
fatigability ููŠ ุงู„ muscle ูุงู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰

392
00:28:37,380 --> 00:28:42,080
ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ุงู‚ู„ ููŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† less stable ุทุจุนุง ุงุฐุง

393
00:28:42,080 --> 00:28:46,940
ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง crushier ligament rupture ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู…ุง

394
00:28:46,940 --> 00:28:50,000
ุงู„ tension ููŠ ุงู„ fatigue muscle surrounding ุฏู†ูŠู‡

395
00:28:50,000 --> 00:28:53,560
inadequate to protect ุงู„ crushier ligament from

396
00:28:53,560 --> 00:28:57,760
being stretched beyond their elastic limitุทุจุนุง ููŠ

397
00:28:57,760 --> 00:29:00,120
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง other connective tissues ุฒูŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง

398
00:29:00,120 --> 00:29:03,040
ุงู„ูุงุดูŠุง ุงู„ูุงุดูŠุง surrounding the muscle ูˆู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ููŠ

399
00:29:03,040 --> 00:29:09,740
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุดูŠุท ุฏุงูŠู…ุง ุจุญูŠุท ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ bundles of

400
00:29:09,740 --> 00:29:12,600
muscle fibers within the muscle provide protection

401
00:29:12,600 --> 00:29:16,140
and support ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู…ู†ุทู‚ูŠ ุงู„ particularly

402
00:29:16,140 --> 00:29:17,860
strong permanent

403
00:29:22,230 --> 00:29:25,830
ุงู„ูุงุดูŠุง ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ ileotapial band ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€

404
00:29:25,830 --> 00:29:29,410
lateral aspect of the knee ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„

405
00:29:29,410 --> 00:29:34,310
stability of the knee joint ุงู„ูุงุดูŠุง ูุงุดูŠุง and the

406
00:29:34,310 --> 00:29:39,070
skin on the exterior of the body and other tissue

407
00:29:39,430 --> 00:29:42,670
that contribute and show integrity ุทุจุนุง ุงุญู†ุง ุงู„ุฌุณู…

408
00:29:42,670 --> 00:29:46,550
ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ู…ุญู‚ ุจุงู„ูุงุดูŠุฉ ูˆุจุนุฏ ุงู„ูุงุดูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู…

409
00:29:46,550 --> 00:29:51,630
ุนู† muscles ุงู„ muscle ู‡ุฐู‡ sorry ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ

410
00:29:51,630 --> 00:29:57,040
ุงู„ู‡ูŠูƒู„ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุงู„ุนุธุงู… ุงู„ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุนู†

411
00:29:57,040 --> 00:30:00,320
ุทุฑูŠู‚ articulations ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ articulations ู‡ุฐู‡

412
00:30:00,320 --> 00:30:03,320
ููŠู‡ุง ุฃุฑุจุทุฉ ูˆ connective tissue ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุตู„ ุจุชูƒูˆู†

413
00:30:03,320 --> 00:30:06,620
ู…ุญูŠุท ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนุธูŠู… ุนุดุงู† ุชุฒูˆุฏ ุงู„ stability ุชุจุนุชู‡ ูˆ

414
00:30:06,620 --> 00:30:09,780
ูƒู…ุงู† ููŠ ุนูŠู†ุงู‡ ูุงุดูŠุฉ ูˆ ููŠ ุนูŠู†ุงู‡ skin ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง

415
00:30:09,780 --> 00:30:13,360
ู…ู†ุธูˆู…ุฉ ุฑุจู†ุง ุณุจุญุงู†ู‡ ูˆุชุนุงู„ู‰ ุฎู„ู‚ู‡ุง ุญุชู‰ ุชุณุงุนุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„

416
00:30:13,360 --> 00:30:16,580
stability ูˆ ุชุฒูˆุฏ ุงู„ stabilityูˆุทุจุนุง ู‡ู†ุง ุจู†ูˆุตู„

417
00:30:16,580 --> 00:30:20,600
ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ู„ู„ูŠูˆู… ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุจุณ ุจู†ูˆุถุญ ููŠ

418
00:30:20,600 --> 00:30:24,520
ู†ู‡ุงูŠุชู‡ุง ุงู„ุงู„ูŠูˆุชูŠุจูŠุง ุงู„ tract ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ hip

419
00:30:24,520 --> 00:30:29,940
ู„ุฃุณูู„ knee ุญุชู‰ ุชุฒูˆุฏ ุงู„ stability ุชุจุน ุงู„ lateral

420
00:30:29,940 --> 00:30:35,320
part of the knee joint ุจู‡ูƒ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ

421
00:30:35,320 --> 00:30:39,900
ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ู„ู„ูŠูˆู… ู†ุฑุงูƒู… ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ

422
00:30:39,900 --> 00:30:43,780
ุจุฅุฐู† ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ููŠู‡ุง ุนู† ุงู„ joint flexibility