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1
00:00:04,490 --> 00:00:08,010
ุงุณุชูƒู…ู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุฃูŠุถุง ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„

2
00:00:08,010 --> 00:00:14,530
hemoglobinopathies ูˆุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู‡ู†ุงุฎุฏ ู…ุซุงู„ 

3
00:00:14,530 --> 00:00:19,070
ุนู† ุงู„ู€ hemoglobinopathies ุทุจุนุง ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุฅุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุฃู†

4
00:00:19,070 --> 00:00:23,670
ุฃูŠ inherited mutation ู„ู„ู€ globin gene ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ุงู„

5
00:00:23,670 --> 00:00:28,290
qualitative ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ quantitative abnormality ุฅู„ุง ุงู„ู€

6
00:00:28,290 --> 00:00:30,870
quantitative abnormality ุดูู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง

7
00:00:30,870 --> 00:00:35,600
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ reduced or complete absent ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู€

8
00:00:35,600 --> 00:00:41,700
Globin Chain Synthesis ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ู€ qualitative

9
00:00:41,700 --> 00:00:46,920
defect ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ product ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€

10
00:00:46,920 --> 00:00:52,400
hemoglobinopathy ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุฃุตู„ุง ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡

11
00:00:52,400 --> 00:00:56,940
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† normally produced ู„ูƒู†ู‡ abnormal

12
00:00:56,940 --> 00:01:03,400
Structural Hemoglobinopathy ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„

13
00:01:03,400 --> 00:01:06,960
ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฅุญู†ุง ู‡ู†ุญูƒูŠ ููŠู‡ ุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ amino acid

14
00:01:06,960 --> 00:01:11,920
substitution ููŠ ุงู„ู€ globin chain ูˆุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ

15
00:01:11,920 --> 00:01:15,200
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฅุญู†ุง ู‡ู†ุญูƒูŠ ููŠู‡ which is most common ู‡ูˆ

16
00:01:15,200 --> 00:01:23,220
hemoglobin S ู‚ุณู…ู‡ Hemoglobin S defect ู‡ูŠุฏูŠู†ุง

17
00:01:23,220 --> 00:01:28,740
Hemoglobin ุฃูˆ Sickle Cell Anemia ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู€ mutation

18
00:01:30,200 --> 00:01:33,460
ุฅุญู†ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุดูˆู homozygous form ุฃูˆ heterozygous

19
00:01:33,460 --> 00:01:36,720
form ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ homozygous form ูŠูˆู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู†ุง double

20
00:01:36,720 --> 00:01:41,000
dose of abnormal gene ุงู„ู„ูŠ which encode ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ 

21
00:01:41,000 --> 00:01:45,840
hemoglobin S ูˆุงู„ู€ heterozygous form ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ุฅู†ู‡

22
00:01:45,840 --> 00:01:52,120
single ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ dose of the abnormal gene which

23
00:01:52,120 --> 00:01:56,140
also code for hemoglobin S. Hemoglobin S ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ

24
00:01:56,140 --> 00:02:00,340
ุนู† ุชุชุฑุงู…ุฑ ุฒูŠ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ normal hemoglobin ุจูŠุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู†

25
00:02:00,340 --> 00:02:07,280
Alpha to Alpha ูˆ to Beta ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู€ Beta is mutated ุดูˆ

26
00:02:07,280 --> 00:02:10,700
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตุงุฑ ููŠู‡ุง ุฌุงู„ู‡ ููŠู‡ amino acid substitution

27
00:02:10,700 --> 00:02:15,000
ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ amino acid ุฃุตุจุญ ุงู„ู€ Valine ู…ุญู„ ู„ู€

28
00:02:15,000 --> 00:02:19,900
Glutamine ููŠ ุงู„ู€ position ุฑู‚ู… ุณุชุฉ ู…ุง ุฃูุนู„ู‡ุŸ ุทู„ุน

29
00:02:19,900 --> 00:02:23,560
ู„ู†ุง ุจู€ Normal Hemoglobin ุณู…ูŠู†ุง Hemoglobin S ูˆ ุงู„ู€

30
00:02:23,560 --> 00:02:27,780
Hemoglobin S ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ Homozygous Form ุจูŠูƒูˆู†

31
00:02:27,780 --> 00:02:34,160
SS Hemoglobin SS ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุงุชู†ูŠู† S ูˆุจุฑู…ุฌูˆู„ู‡ Alpha 2

32
00:02:34,160 --> 00:02:40,190
Beta 2 6 Gloval ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุชูŠ ุจุฏุฃ ู„ู€ Glutamine Valine ุฃูˆ

33
00:02:40,190 --> 00:02:45,350
ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ Alpha to Beta to S ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุบู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ

34
00:02:45,350 --> 00:02:50,590
ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ Alpha to Beta to 6 Val ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน 6 ููŠ

35
00:02:50,590 --> 00:02:58,270
Valine ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ููŠู„ู… ุจูŠูˆุถุญ ู„ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุดูƒู„ ุงู„

36
00:02:58,270 --> 00:03:01,510
sickle cell ุฏู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† crescent shape of

37
00:03:01,510 --> 00:03:07,670
RBCs ุฏู‡ ู‡ูŠ sickling ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† crescent shape

38
00:03:07,670 --> 00:03:11,130
of RBCs ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ููŠู„ู… ุจุญุฏ ุฐุงุชู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ abnormal

39
00:03:11,130 --> 00:03:15,570
ููŠู‡ ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง ูˆุงุถุญุฉ RBCs ู…ุชุจุงุนุฏุฉ ู…ุชุจุงุนุฏุฉ ู…ู†

40
00:03:15,570 --> 00:03:21,270
ุงู„ุจุนุถ ููŠู‡ poikilocytosis ูˆ anisocytosis ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠ

41
00:03:21,270 --> 00:03:28,600
ููŠู‡ ุฅู†ู‡ุงุด ูƒุงู† ููŠู‡ crenation Crenated ู…ุธู‡ุฑ ุงู‡ ู‡ูŠ ููŠ

42
00:03:28,600 --> 00:03:36,720
ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs

43
00:03:36,720 --> 00:03:42,980
ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs

44
00:03:42,980 --> 00:03:44,000
ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs

45
00:03:44,000 --> 00:03:45,800
ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs

46
00:03:45,800 --> 00:03:47,840
ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs

47
00:03:47,840 --> 00:03:48,700
ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs

48
00:03:48,700 --> 00:03:48,720
ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุงู„

49
00:03:52,670 --> 00:03:56,030
ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ when properly oxygenated

50
00:03:56,030 --> 00:04:00,150
ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ู„ู…ุง ุงู„ู€ oxygen tension decrease

51
00:04:00,150 --> 00:04:04,610
ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin S 2 polymer ุนุงูŠุฒ ูˆ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ูŠูƒูˆู†

52
00:04:04,610 --> 00:04:12,870
ููˆู‚ ูŠูƒูˆู† fluid polymer ุทุจุนุง ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€

53
00:04:12,870 --> 00:04:20,160
polymers ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ุง realignment ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ูŠู…ูŠุฒ ุงู„ู€

54
00:04:20,160 --> 00:04:25,540
Sickle Shape of RBCs ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุจุงู„ู€

55
00:04:25,540 --> 00:04:29,060
Electron Microscope ุจูŠุจูŠู† ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ุง Polymerization of

56
00:04:29,060 --> 00:04:33,960
Hemoglobin ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู… ุดุงูŠููŠู† ููŠู‡ polymers ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ

57
00:04:33,960 --> 00:04:38,360
ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง tactoids ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง tactoids ุทุจุนุง ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ

58
00:04:38,360 --> 00:04:43,320
ุชุนู…ู„ุงุด ุงู„ู€ polymers ุทุจุนุง this will be rigid ูˆ rigid

59
00:04:43,320 --> 00:04:48,680
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุจุทู„ุช deformable ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ุชู†ุท

60
00:04:48,680 --> 00:04:54,920
ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุชุงุฎุฏ ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ polymer ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชูƒูˆู† ูุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุดูƒู„ู‡ุง

61
00:04:54,920 --> 00:04:59,660
crescent shape ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุงู„ู€ polymer ุงู„ู€ fiber ูุทุจุนุง

62
00:04:59,660 --> 00:05:08,960
fiber ูˆุฏู‡ ู‡ูˆ micro sectional ู„ู‡ hemoglobin s ู…ู‚ุทุน

63
00:05:08,960 --> 00:05:13,840
ุนุฑุถูŠ ุทูŠุจ ุดูˆ ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฃุฏูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ cycling

64
00:05:13,840 --> 00:05:19,800
ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ู†ูˆุน ูˆุงุญุฏ degree of oxygenation ููŠ H

65
00:05:20,270 --> 00:05:23,170
dehydration of the patient and the concentration

66
00:05:23,170 --> 00:05:27,410
of other hemoglobin ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ู„ู…ุง ุจุชู‚ู„ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ

67
00:05:27,410 --> 00:05:33,010
ููŠู‡ cycling ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† figure ุจูŠุจูŠู† ู„ู„ู‚ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€

68
00:05:33,010 --> 00:05:37,590
cycling process ุฃูŠู‡ ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ู€ cycling ูˆู…ุชูŠู‡ุด ู„ู…ุง

69
00:05:37,590 --> 00:05:42,750
ุจุตูŠุช ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ู„ู†ุงู‡ุง ุฏู‡ ู‡ูŠ lower ูˆู…ุจูŠุนุด

70
00:05:42,750 --> 00:05:46,730
decrease oxygen retention ูุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุฅูŠุด increase

71
00:05:46,730 --> 00:05:50,080
ู„ู„ู€ cycling ุฏู‡ ู‡ูŠ cycling ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ cycling ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ

72
00:05:50,080 --> 00:05:53,240
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ viscosity ูˆุฅุฐุง ุฒุงุฏุช ุงู„ู€

73
00:05:53,240 --> 00:05:57,820
viscosity ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ slow blood circulation ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ

74
00:05:57,820 --> 00:06:02,100
ุงู„ุฏู… ูŠู…ุดูŠ ุจุจุทุก ูˆุฅุฐุง ู…ุงุดูŠ ุจุจุทุก ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ hypoxia ูˆ

75
00:06:02,100 --> 00:06:07,140
ุฅุฐุง ุตุงุฑ ููŠู‡ hypoxia ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ cycling ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง

76
00:06:07,140 --> 00:06:13,920
ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ once started ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุตูŠุฑ ุฅูŠุด ู…ุณุชู…ุฑุฉ

77
00:06:15,970 --> 00:06:21,110
obviously of this leads to hypoxia ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุตุญูˆุจุฉ

78
00:06:21,110 --> 00:06:28,730
painful crisis ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒูˆุงุฑุซ ู…ุคู„ู…ุฉ ู…ูˆุฌุนุฉ and

79
00:06:28,730 --> 00:06:32,670
infarction of the organ ุทุจุนุง ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุจุฏู‘ู‡ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡

80
00:06:32,670 --> 00:06:35,550
infarction ุฃู†ุช ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุชุชุฎูŠู„ู‡ ุฅู†ู‘ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ

81
00:06:35,550 --> 00:06:39,810
crescent shape ูˆูƒุงู†ู‡ุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุณูƒุงูƒูŠู† ุจุชู…ุดูŠ ููŠ

82
00:06:39,810 --> 00:06:45,860
ุงู„ุฃูˆุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏู…ูˆูŠุฉ ูˆูŠู† ุจุชุฌุฑุญ ุจุชุบุฒูˆ ุฅุฐุง ูˆ ุจุชุฌุฑุญ ูˆุฅุฐุง

83
00:06:45,860 --> 00:06:53,000
ุฌุฑุญุช ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠ ูƒู…ูŠุงุช ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุฅุญู†ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฌุฑุญ

84
00:06:53,000 --> 00:06:58,520
ุงู„ุฃุนุถุงุก ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู…ุฑ ููŠู‡ุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู†

85
00:06:58,520 --> 00:07:02,020
ุชุคุฏูŠ ู„ู€ infraction of the organ

86
00:07:05,420 --> 00:07:09,220
ุทุจุนุง ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุนุฑู ุฅู†ู‘ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุฒุงุฏุช ุงู„ู€

87
00:07:09,220 --> 00:07:11,700
concentration of Hemoglobin E ูˆ Hemoglobin F ูƒู„ ู…ุง

88
00:07:11,700 --> 00:07:15,780
ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ severity of the disease is lowered

89
00:07:15,780 --> 00:07:19,140
ุนุดุงู†

90
00:07:19,140 --> 00:07:22,220
ู‡ูŠูƒ ููŠู‡ุง ุญุงู„ุงุช ู…ู† ู‡ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู†ู‚ู„ ุฏู…

91
00:07:22,220 --> 00:07:27,720
ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุงู„ู€ crisis ูุจูŠุบูŠุฑูˆุง ุฏู…ู‡ ู…ู† Sickle ุฅู„ู‰ Normal

92
00:07:27,720 --> 00:07:33,700
Hemoglobin clinical picture ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ sickle

93
00:07:33,700 --> 00:07:40,400
cell ุงู„ุงู†ูŠู…ูŠุง are seldom manifested ู„ู…ุง ุจู†ุชุดูˆูู‡ุง

94
00:07:40,400 --> 00:07:45,120
ู‚ุจู„ ุณู† ุณุช ุณู†ูˆุงุช ุฃูˆ ุณุช ุดู‡ูˆุฑ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุณุจุจ ููŠ

95
00:07:45,120 --> 00:07:47,620
ุฐู„ูƒ ุฅู†ู‘ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูุชุฑุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ

96
00:07:47,620 --> 00:07:52,620
ุนู† hemoglobin F ูˆู„ุณู‡ ู…ุง ุตุงุฑุด shifting ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ F ู„ู„ู€ A

97
00:07:53,310 --> 00:08:00,150
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ Beta ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ symptoms

98
00:08:00,150 --> 00:08:06,270
ุจุชูƒูˆู† obscure ู…ุฎุจุฆ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ condition ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠ ุจุชู…ูŠุฒ

99
00:08:06,270 --> 00:08:09,430
ุงู„ู€ characterize chronic hemolytic status ูˆ

100
00:08:09,430 --> 00:08:13,290
jaundice ูˆุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุญุฏูˆุฏ 7 ุนู„ู‰ 8

101
00:08:13,290 --> 00:08:20,050
gram clinical picture ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุซู„ุงุซูŠู…ูŠุง Sickle

102
00:08:20,050 --> 00:08:26,430
ุงู„ุงู†ูŠู…ูŠุง sorry ุจูŠุนุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ stomach arm ูˆ leg

103
00:08:26,430 --> 00:08:31,770
and joint pain ุฃู„ู… ููŠ ูƒู„ ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุฌุณู… tired ุชุนุจุงู†

104
00:08:31,770 --> 00:08:38,240
tense ู…ุชูˆุชุฑ and nervous ุนุตุจูŠ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุฌุฏุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠู…ุดูŠ

105
00:08:38,240 --> 00:08:42,540
ููŠ ุฏู…ู‡ ุณูƒุงูƒูŠู† ุจุฏู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุจู‡ุงู„ูˆุถุน ู‡ุฐุง short trunk ู‡ุฐุง

106
00:08:42,540 --> 00:08:48,200
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠู‚ุตุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดูƒู„ ุฎุงุต short trunk ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก

107
00:08:48,200 --> 00:08:55,340
ุงู„ุนู„ูˆูŠ ู…ู†ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู‚ุตูŠุฑ ูˆ ulcer ุงู„ู€ leg ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ

108
00:08:55,340 --> 00:09:01,860
ููŠู‡ ู‚ุฑุญุงุช ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู€ thumb arm ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ูˆุดูƒู„ ุฑุฃุณู‡

109
00:09:01,860 --> 00:09:03,380
ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ tower shape head

110
00:09:06,020 --> 00:09:10,020
in large in large level and higher ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุฌุฏุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ

111
00:09:10,020 --> 00:09:15,080
ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ extra

112
00:09:15,080 --> 00:09:20,020
medullary ุฎุตูˆุตุง ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู€ during a crisis

113
00:09:20,020 --> 00:09:24,200
complications ู„ูˆ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ acute chest syndrome

114
00:09:24,200 --> 00:09:27,820
ุฎุตูˆุตุง ุณุจุจู‡ุง infection ุฅู†ู‘ ุงู„ู€ lung will be trapped

115
00:09:27,820 --> 00:09:33,680
with RBCs ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุจุตู„ุงู‡ุง trapping ููŠ ุงู„ู€ lung

116
00:09:33,680 --> 00:09:35,620
ุงู„ุนู†ูŠู†ูŠุฉ 

117
00:09:37,480 --> 00:09:41,180
aplastic crisis ููŠ ู„ุญุธุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ุญุธุงุช ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ

118
00:09:41,180 --> 00:09:45,760
temporary ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุคู‚ุช lack of RBCs production

119
00:09:45,760 --> 00:09:51,540
ูˆ bone necrosis ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ degradation ู„ู„ุจูˆู† ูˆู‡ุฐุง

120
00:09:51,540 --> 00:09:54,800
ุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุจุนุถ ู…ุฑุงุช ู„ู€ hip replacement ูˆ other

121
00:09:54,800 --> 00:10:01,540
complications ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ูุตู„ hand and foot syndrome

122
00:10:01,540 --> 00:10:05,320
hand ููŠ ุฃุทุฑุงู ุงู„ูŠุฏ ูˆุงู„ุฑุฌู„ูŠู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ painful

123
00:10:05,320 --> 00:10:10,670
swelling ููŠู‡ู… ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุชุฌู…ุน ู„ูƒู…ูŠุงุช ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู†

124
00:10:10,670 --> 00:10:15,810
ุงู„ู€ sickle cell ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ severe infection ูˆ sepsis

125
00:10:15,810 --> 00:10:22,730
ุฎุตูˆุตุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ septicemia ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆ sepsis ูˆู‡ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ

126
00:10:22,730 --> 00:10:27,290
meningitis ู†ูŠูˆู…ูˆู†ูŠุง ูˆ risk of infection is

127
00:10:27,290 --> 00:10:32,430
increased ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู€ spleen

128
00:10:34,870 --> 00:10:39,270
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุตุนุจ ุฃูƒุซุฑ splenic sequestration crisis ุดูˆ

129
00:10:39,270 --> 00:10:44,630
ูŠุนู†ูŠ sequestration ุชุจุฏุฃ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจู„ุน splenic ู„ู€ spleen

130
00:10:44,630 --> 00:10:50,970
ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจู„ุน ู„ูƒู…ูŠุงุช ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ sickle cell

131
00:10:50,970 --> 00:10:53,410
ู…ุฑุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุนุดุงู† ูŠุฎู„ุตู†ุง ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ูƒู„ู‡ุง abnormal

132
00:10:53,410 --> 00:10:58,790
ูุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ .. ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠุจู„ุน ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู„ู€ spleen ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡

133
00:10:58,790 --> 00:11:04,290
ูุฑุดู† ูˆุณู…ู‘ูˆู‡ ู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ auto auto ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฐุงุชูŠ splenectomy

134
00:11:05,780 --> 00:11:10,660
Stroke ูˆุตู„ุช ุงู„ู€ sickle cell ู„ู„ุฏู…ุงุบ ุชุนู…ู„ stroke ุฌู„ุทุฉ

135
00:11:10,660 --> 00:11:16,160
ุฏู…ุงุบูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ู€ sign ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† scissor ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ

136
00:11:16,160 --> 00:11:22,620
ุชุดู†ุฌุงุช ูˆ weakness in the arm and leg speech

137
00:11:22,620 --> 00:11:28,780
problem and loss of consciousness ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ

138
00:11:28,780 --> 00:11:32,980
Sickle cell trait ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ

139
00:11:32,980 --> 00:11:38,460
ูˆุจูŠุณู…ู‘ูˆุง ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ Alpha 2 Beta 1 Beta 1 6 Global ูˆ

140
00:11:38,460 --> 00:11:41,360
ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุจูŠููƒุฑ ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ุจูŠู†ุงุณ ุงู„

141
00:11:41,360 --> 00:11:45,300
trait ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุบุงู„ุจุงู‹ asymptomatic ู…ุง ู„ู… ูŠุชุนุฑุถ ุฅู„ู‰

142
00:11:45,300 --> 00:11:50,600
challenge ู…ุงุดูŠ ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ challenge ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชุนุฑุถ 

143
00:11:50,600 --> 00:11:54,330
ุงู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ drafting lowering of gauge ุฒูŠ

144
00:11:54,330 --> 00:11:58,850
Respiratory Acidosis Reduction in Oxygen Tension

145
00:11:58,850 --> 00:12:06,190
ุจูŠู‚ู„ู‘ูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ูุธูŠุน ุฌุฏุงู‹ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฏู‡ ู‡ูˆ

146
00:12:06,190 --> 00:12:10,690
ุงู„ุณูุฑ ุจู€ Unpressurized aircraft ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุญู„ูˆู‡ุง ุทุจุนุงู‹ ูƒู„

147
00:12:10,690 --> 00:12:14,970
ุงู„ุทูŠุฑุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Pressurized Anesthesia ุฅุฐุง 

148
00:12:14,970 --> 00:12:19,530
ุชุนุฑุถ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชุฎุฏูŠุฑ ุตุงุฑ ููŠู‡ Hypoxia ูˆ Congestive

149
00:12:19,530 --> 00:12:24,510
Heart Failure ุจุฑุถู‡ Hypoxia excessive exercise ู…ู…ูƒู†

150
00:12:24,510 --> 00:12:31,230
ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุชุฌู…ุน ุงู„ lactic acid ูŠุนู†ูŠ acidosis

151
00:12:31,230 --> 00:12:36,510
ูˆุงู„ู€ laboratory

152
00:12:36,510 --> 00:12:42,350
finding ุทุจุนุงู‹ ุชู†ู‚ุณู… ุฅู„ู‰ ู‡ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุฌุฒุฆูŠู† sickle cell

153
00:12:42,350 --> 00:12:45,230
anemia ูˆ sickle cell trait ูุงู„ู€ sickle cell anemia

154
00:12:45,230 --> 00:12:49,610
ุงู„ู€ blood film ู‡ูˆ ุจุฑุนุงู† ู†ูˆุฑู…ูˆ ุณุงูŠุชูŠูƒ ู†ูˆุฑู…ูˆ ูƒุฑูˆู…ูŠูƒ ูˆ

155
00:12:49,610 --> 00:12:55,160
ุงู„ู€ anemia is ู†ูˆุฑู…ูˆ ุณุงูŠุชูŠูƒ ู†ูˆุฑู…ูˆ ูƒุฑูˆู…ูŠูƒ ุชูŠู…ูˆู†ู‡ ุจุงู„ู„ูŠู„ 

156
00:12:55,160 --> 00:13:00,520
ุจูˆุตู„ ู…ู† ุณุชุฉ ู„ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุจู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ู‚ุงุนุฏูŠ ู„ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ blood 

157
00:13:00,520 --> 00:13:06,400
film numerous target cell ูˆ fragmented RBCs ูˆ

158
00:13:06,400 --> 00:13:10,960
polychromasia ู†ูŠูƒู„ูŠุชุฏ RBCs sickle cell is common

159
00:13:10,960 --> 00:13:14,940
ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู† sickle cell ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง ุงู„ุชูŠ ูƒูŠู„ูˆ ุณุงูŠุช ุนุงู„ูŠ ู…ู†

160
00:13:14,940 --> 00:13:21,390
ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู„ุนุดุฑูŠู† ู„ุฃู† ููŠ hemolysis ู„ูƒู† ุจุชู‚ู„ู‘ during crisis

161
00:13:21,390 --> 00:13:27,030
aplastic crisis leukocytosis ูˆ thrombocytosis is 

162
00:13:27,030 --> 00:13:31,630
common ุงู„ู€ bone marrow reflects ู…ุฑุถ ุงูŠุฑุงุซุฑูˆูŠุฏ

163
00:13:31,630 --> 00:13:37,710
hyperplasia ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ู„ูŠุงู† ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ุนุฏูŠ during a crisis

164
00:13:37,710 --> 00:13:42,910
ูƒูŠู ุจู†ุดุฎุตุŸ ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ููŠู‡ ูุญุตูŠู† ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ูŠุณู…ู‰ solubility

165
00:13:42,910 --> 00:13:46,930
test ููŠู‡ special tube ุจุชุฑุณุจ ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ hemoglobin s

166
00:13:46,930 --> 00:13:52,290
ูู‚ุท ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin s ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ sodium 

167
00:13:52,290 --> 00:13:56,870
metabisulfite test ูˆุฏู‡ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฏู‡ ู‡ุชุดุชุบู„ู‡ ููŠ

168
00:13:56,870 --> 00:14:02,320
ุงู„ุงุชู†ูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุนุงู…ู„ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู€ Screening Test ู‚ุฏูŠู…

169
00:14:02,320 --> 00:14:09,180
ุจูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ููŠู‡ Sodium Metasilphide ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ Cycling

170
00:14:09,180 --> 00:14:14,380
Induction ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุจุชุนู…ู„ Hypoxia ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡

171
00:14:14,380 --> 00:14:18,140
Cycling ูˆู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุงู‹ ุฃู† ุฃุนุฑู ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ other types of

172
00:14:18,140 --> 00:14:21,340
Hemoglobin ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ Cycling ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin C

173
00:14:21,340 --> 00:14:26,640
ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูุญุต ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูุญุต ุงู„ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin

174
00:14:26,640 --> 00:14:30,440
electrophoresis ุทุจุนุงู‹ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ sickles ุงู„ุงู†ูŠู…ูŠุง

175
00:14:30,440 --> 00:14:36,480
ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin F ูŠูƒูˆู† 80% ูˆุงู„ู€ hemoglobin F 20% ูˆ

176
00:14:36,480 --> 00:14:41,680
ุทุจุนุงู‹ ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin F ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุฒุงุฏ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู‘ู„ ุงู„ู€

177
00:14:41,680 --> 00:14:47,280
severity of years of cycling ูˆุฏู‡ ุจู†ุดูˆูู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€

178
00:14:47,280 --> 00:14:51,160
newborn ูŠูˆู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin F ุนุงู„ูŠ ูƒุชูŠุฑ

179
00:14:51,160 --> 00:14:55,540
ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจุนุงู†ูŠุด ูƒู…ุงู† ุจุชุดูˆูู‡ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง

180
00:14:55,540 --> 00:14:58,960
Hereditary Resistance of Fetal Hemoglobin ู…ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ 

181
00:14:58,960 --> 00:15:03,260
ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑุด ููŠู‡ุง shifting ู…ู† Hemoglobin F 

182
00:15:03,260 --> 00:15:08,840
ู„ู€ Hemoglobin A ูˆุทุจุนุงู‹ ููŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ูƒู„ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุจูƒูˆู†

183
00:15:08,840 --> 00:15:13,580
ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin A2 ุนุงู„ูŠ ุฃู…ุง sickle cell trait prefer 

184
00:15:13,580 --> 00:15:17,900
blood smear usually normal ู…ุน ุฏู‡ ุดูˆูŠุฉ target cell

185
00:15:17,900 --> 00:15:26,960
ูˆ solubility ูˆ ุงู„ู€ screening test is positive ูˆุงู„ู€

186
00:15:26,960 --> 00:15:30,180
electrophoresis ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงุญู†ุง ููŠู‡ ุงู†ุง ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู‡ุงู„ุฌูŠู‡ ุฏู‡

187
00:15:30,180 --> 00:15:34,980
hemoglobin A 60% hemoglobin A 40% ูˆุงู„ู€ hemoglobin A2

188
00:15:34,980 --> 00:15:41,300
is elevated ุณูƒู„ ู„ูˆ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง blood film ุจู†ุดูˆูู‡ุงุด ู…ุง ู„ู…

189
00:15:41,300 --> 00:15:48,180
ูŠูƒู† ููŠ Crisis treatment ุจุชุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุงุฌุชูŠู† ููŠ

190
00:15:48,180 --> 00:15:53,960
ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฃู†ูƒ ุชุชูˆุนูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุชูู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุฃู†ู‡

191
00:15:53,960 --> 00:16:02,160
ู…ุง ูŠุชุนุฑุถ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุณุจุจุงุช ุงู„ู€ ุณูƒู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุจุนุฏ ุนู† ุงู„ู€

192
00:16:02,160 --> 00:16:05,080
hypoxic condition ุนู† ุงู„ู€ dehydration ุนู† ุงู„ู€

193
00:16:05,080 --> 00:16:10,520
infection ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุนู…ู„ Cycling crisis ูŠุจุนุฏ ุนู†ู‡ุง

194
00:16:10,520 --> 00:16:14,720
ูŠุชุฌู†ุจู‡ุง ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ temporary treatment ุดูˆ

195
00:16:14,720 --> 00:16:19,280
ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูŠุญุชุงุฌ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุนุฏูŠ ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ

196
00:16:19,280 --> 00:16:23,070
ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุฒูŠ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ pregnancy ุฃูˆ ุฅุฐุง ุจุฏูˆุง ูŠุฎุดูˆุง

197
00:16:23,070 --> 00:16:26,750
ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญูˆุง ูˆู‡ู… ุนุงู…ู„ูŠู† hyper transfusion

198
00:16:26,750 --> 00:16:32,730
ุจุฏูˆุง ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุฏู… ู…ุงุดูŠ ู†ุณุชุจุฏู„ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ

199
00:16:32,730 --> 00:16:38,810
hemoglobin s ุฃูˆ secret RBCs abnormal RBCs it's a

200
00:16:38,810 --> 00:16:40,050
temporary treatment

201
00:16:42,390 --> 00:16:47,130
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูƒูˆู† ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฑูˆูŠุช ุงู„ู€ sickle cell ูˆุฃู†

202
00:16:47,130 --> 00:16:51,650
ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุจูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุงุณุชูุฏุชูˆุง ุฃูŠุถุงู‹ ู…ู† ุงูŠุด ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡

203
00:16:51,650 --> 00:16:53,350
ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุดูƒุฑุงู‹