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1
00:00:01,250 --> 00:00:05,690
ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ู†ุณุชู‚ุจู„

2
00:00:05,690 --> 00:00:11,350
ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ enzymes ูˆูˆุตู„ู†ุง 

3
00:00:11,350 --> 00:00:19,160
ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ู„ู€ measuring enzyme activity ุจู…ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚

4
00:00:19,160 --> 00:00:23,460
ุจู€ Measurement Conditions ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ู„ุงุฒู…

5
00:00:23,460 --> 00:00:30,100
ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง excess amounts of substrate  ูˆ ุฃูŠุถุง ุฃูŠ 

6
00:00:30,100 --> 00:00:37,780
cofactors ุฃูˆ coenzymes ุชู„ุฒู… ู„ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ูˆ

7
00:00:37,780 --> 00:00:42,760
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง to handle possible abnormality

8
00:00:42,760 --> 00:00:46,820
high patient enzyme levels ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุฅู†ุง ูƒุงู†

9
00:00:46,820 --> 00:00:50,980
ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ concentration ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ู…ู†

10
00:00:50,980 --> 00:00:54,560
ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„

11
00:00:54,560 --> 00:01:00,160
incubation time ุนุดุฑ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชู… ุงุณุชู‡ู„ุงูƒ ุงู„

12
00:01:00,160 --> 00:01:03,940
substrate ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุฃูˆู„ ุฎู…ุณ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ูˆ ุงู„ุฎู…ุณ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚

13
00:01:03,940 --> 00:01:08,740
ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ุงูŠูƒูˆู†ุด ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃูŠ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ product

14
00:01:08,740 --> 00:01:15,710
ุนุดุจูŠ ู„ู„ู…ุซุงู„ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง falsely ู„ูˆ

15
00:01:15,710 --> 00:01:23,370
concentration ู„ู€ ุงู„ product ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠุนูƒุณ falsely ู„ูˆ

16
00:01:23,370 --> 00:01:27,970
ุทุจุนุง concentration ู„ู€ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†

17
00:01:27,970 --> 00:01:30,790
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง excess amounts of substrate and any co

18
00:01:30,790 --> 00:01:35,000
factorsุฃูŠุถุง ุงู„ู€ measurement conditions ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง

19
00:01:35,000 --> 00:01:38,440
ุฃู† ุฃูŠ 

20
00:01:38,440 --> 00:01:44,840
ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ููŠู‡ optimum temperature ูˆ ููŠู‡ optimum pH ูˆ

21
00:01:44,840 --> 00:01:50,300
ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู…ุชูˆูุฑูŠู† inhibitors must be 

22
00:01:50,300 --> 00:01:57,630
lacking ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ูŠู…ู†ุนูˆุง ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† 

23
00:01:57,630 --> 00:02:03,930
ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุณุชู…ุฑุฉ ุจู€ ยฑ 0.1 ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ู…ุฆูˆูŠุฉ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑ ููŠ 

24
00:02:03,930 --> 00:02:10,150
ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุงู„ุขู†

25
00:02:10,150 --> 00:02:17,430
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุทุฑูŠู‚ุชูŠู† ู„ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู€ activity ู„ู€ ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ููŠ

26
00:02:17,430 --> 00:02:23,970
ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ fixed-time

27
00:02:23,970 --> 00:02:30,180
methodูˆุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ continuous monitoring

28
00:02:30,180 --> 00:02:36,800
methods ุฃูˆ ุชุณู…ู‰ kinetics ุงู„ู€ fixed-time methods

29
00:02:36,800 --> 00:02:43,000
ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฏู…ุฌ ู„ู„ู…ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช 

30
00:02:43,000 --> 00:02:49,520
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุชูุงุนู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ุงุฒู…ุฉ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ reagent ุงู„ู„ุงุฒู… ู…ุน

31
00:02:49,520 --> 00:02:57,910
ุงู„ู€ sample ุจูŠุชู… ุฎู„ุทู‡ู… ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูˆ ุจูŠุชู… ุนู…ู„ incubation

32
00:02:57,910 --> 00:03:03,630
at optimum temperature ู„ูˆู‚ุช ู…ุนูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช 

33
00:03:03,630 --> 00:03:09,330
ุชูƒูˆู† ุฎู…ุณ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ุŒ ุนุดุฑ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ูˆ ุจุนุฏ ุงู†ุชู‡ุงุก ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช the

34
00:03:09,330 --> 00:03:15,120
reaction is stoppedูˆ ุนุงุฏุฉู‹ ุจุชู… ุฅูŠู‚ุงู ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุนู† 

35
00:03:15,120 --> 00:03:20,200
ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุฅุถุงูุฉ weak acid ูˆ ู…ุง ุฒุงู„ ุถูู†ุง weak acid ูŠุจู‚ู‰ 

36
00:03:20,200 --> 00:03:29,480
ุนู…ู„ู†ุง .. ุบูŠุฑู†ุง ุงู„ู€ optimum pH ู„ู„ู€ enzyme a

37
00:03:29,480 --> 00:03:33,100
measurement is made of the amount of reaction that 

38
00:03:33,100 --> 00:03:38,220
has occurred ุชู…ุงู… 

39
00:03:38,220 --> 00:03:44,960
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจู†ุดูˆู ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฅูŠุด ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุชูุงุนู„ 

40
00:03:44,960 --> 00:03:49,360
ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู…ูƒู† product ุฃูˆ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู†ู‚ุต ููŠ 

41
00:03:49,360 --> 00:03:54,100
substrate the

42
00:03:54,100 --> 00:03:57,220
reaction is assumed to be linear over the reaction 

43
00:03:57,220 --> 00:04:03,560
time ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจู†ุญุท ูุฑุถูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ fixed time ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ 

44
00:04:03,560 --> 00:04:07,980
ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง linear ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ incubation time

45
00:04:07,980 --> 00:04:15,780
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตุงุฑุช ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุซุงุจุชุฉ ููŠ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ 

46
00:04:15,780 --> 00:04:21,480
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ู€ product ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชูƒูˆู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู„ ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ุซู„ุง

47
00:04:21,480 --> 00:04:28,200
ุงุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ู…ุญุฏุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ product ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงุชูƒุฑุฑ ููŠ

48
00:04:28,200 --> 00:04:34,150
ุงู„ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูˆุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ incubation time

49
00:04:34,150 --> 00:04:38,210
ู„ุนุดุฑ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุซุงุจุชุฉ ููŠ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„

50
00:04:38,210 --> 00:04:42,910
product ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู†ุชุฌ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุนุดุฑ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ุงู„ู€ incubation

51
00:04:42,910 --> 00:04:46,290
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ reaction is assumed to be linear over the 

52
00:04:46,290 --> 00:04:50,670
reaction time the larger the reaction the more 

53
00:04:50,670 --> 00:04:55,790
enzyme is presentุทุจุนุงู‹ ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ 

54
00:04:55,790 --> 00:04:59,810
ุงู„ู€ incubation time ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุงู‡ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ู†ูˆู‚ู ุนู…ู„

55
00:04:59,810 --> 00:05:03,790
ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู†ุง ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„

56
00:05:03,790 --> 00:05:06,190
spectrophotometer ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ุฃู…ุง 

57
00:05:06,190 --> 00:05:09,890
ุจุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู€ product ุจู†ู‚ุต substrate ุจู€ ู„ูˆ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ 

58
00:05:09,890 --> 00:05:13,010
coenzyme ุฃูˆ ู†ู‚ุต coenzyme ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู†ุง 

59
00:05:13,010 --> 00:05:18,630
measurement ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ product ุงู„ู„ูŠ 

60
00:05:18,630 --> 00:05:25,040
ุงู†ุชุฌุช ู‡ุชุนูƒุณ ู„ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ู†ู‚ู„ 

61
00:05:25,040 --> 00:05:28,020
ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ possible problems with extremely high

62
00:05:28,020 --> 00:05:32,860
enzyme levels ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ sample ูƒุงู†ุช ุจุชุญุชูˆูŠ

63
00:05:32,860 --> 00:05:36,940
ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุงู‡ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 

64
00:05:36,940 --> 00:05:42,380
ู…ุฑุฉ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ุฎู…ุณ 

65
00:05:42,380 --> 00:05:46,220
ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ูˆ ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงุณุชู‡ู„ุงูƒ ู„ู€ ุงู„

66
00:05:46,220 --> 00:05:49,560
substrate ุฃูˆ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง coenzyme ู…ู…ูƒู† 

67
00:05:49,560 --> 00:05:54,060
ุจูŠุญุชุงุฌูˆุง ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ูˆ ุงู„ุฎู…ุณ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ุด ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ 

68
00:05:54,060 --> 00:06:01,270
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃูŠ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ product ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ุงู†

69
00:06:01,270 --> 00:06:07,650
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ graph ู‡ุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ time ูˆู‡ุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„

70
00:06:07,650 --> 00:06:12,990
product ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชูƒูˆู†ุช ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุงู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุณุงุณ ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

71
00:06:12,990 --> 00:06:16,110
ู‡ูŠุชู… ู‚ูŠุงุณู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ product ูˆ ุงู„ู€ product ู„ู‡ maximum

72
00:06:16,110 --> 00:06:22,030
absorbance at wavelengths ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ .. ู‡ุงู† ููŠ 

73
00:06:22,030 --> 00:06:25,370
ุญุงู„ ุฅู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง high enzyme concentration ููŠ 

74
00:06:25,370 --> 00:06:30,580
ุงู„ู€ sample ู‡ูŠู…ุดูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ sample ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃูˆู„ ุฎู…ุณ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚

75
00:06:30,580 --> 00:06:34,940
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง 

76
00:06:34,940 --> 00:06:41,100
ุงุณุชู‡ู„ุงูƒ ู„ู€ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู€ substrate ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ุด 

77
00:06:41,100 --> 00:06:44,260
ู‡ูŠุชุจู‚ู‰ substrate ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ enzyme ูŠุญูˆู„ู‡ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุฅู„ู‰

78
00:06:44,260 --> 00:06:47,800
ุงู„ู€ product ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงุญู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจู†ูŠุฌูŠ ุจู†ุดุชุบู„ ุจุงู„ู€ fixed

79
00:06:47,800 --> 00:06:51,000
time ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจู†ุถูŠู ุงู„ู€ reactants ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„

80
00:06:51,000 --> 00:06:54,700
reagent ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ sample ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูˆุจุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ incubation

81
00:06:54,700 --> 00:06:56,120
ุงู„ุนุดุฑ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚

82
00:06:58,550 --> 00:07:04,550
ูˆุจุงุฌูŠ ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนุดุฑ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ุจุงุฌูŠ ุจู‚ุฑุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆุฌุฏู†ุงู‡ 

83
00:07:04,550 --> 00:07:09,210
ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ product ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชูƒูˆู†ุช ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุด 

84
00:07:09,210 --> 00:07:14,330
ุนุงุฑู ูุนู„ูŠุง ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตุงุฑ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุนุดุฑ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ู„ 

85
00:07:14,330 --> 00:07:18,870
ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูุนู„ูŠุง linear increase ููŠ ุงู„ู€ product ุฎู„ุงู„ 

86
00:07:18,870 --> 00:07:23,130
ุงู„ุนุดุฑ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ู…ุง ุชู… ุฅูŠู‚ุงู ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ูˆู„ุง ุฒูŠ 

87
00:07:23,130 --> 00:07:26,650
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุฅู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง

88
00:07:26,650 --> 00:07:30,430
ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ product ุฃูˆู„ ุฎู…ุณ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ 

89
00:07:30,430 --> 00:07:33,950
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุซุจุงุช ููŠ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ product ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ substrate 

90
00:07:34,370 --> 00:07:39,370
ุงู†ุชู‡ู‰ุŒ ุจู‡ุง ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุจู€ ุงู„ู€ fixed-time methods 

91
00:07:39,370 --> 00:07:43,270
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนู…ู„ incubation ู„ุนุดุฑ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ุŒ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจู†ู‚ูŠุณ 

92
00:07:43,270 --> 00:07:46,810
ููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนุดุฑ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ู„ูƒู† ูุนู„ูŠุง ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตุงุฑ ุฎู„ุงู„ 

93
00:07:46,810 --> 00:07:52,930
ุงู„ุนุดุฑ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ู…ุด ู‡ู†ูƒูˆู† ุนุงุฑููŠู† ูˆูƒู…ุง ุฐูƒุฑู†ุง ุณุงุจู‚ุง ุฅู†ู‡ 

94
00:07:52,930 --> 00:07:58,510
ู‡ุงู† ู‡ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ falsely low ุทุจุนุง product concentration

95
00:07:58,510 --> 00:08:02,890
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠูƒุณู„ูŠ ุฅู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ low enzyme

96
00:08:02,890 --> 00:08:07,340
concentrationุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„

97
00:08:07,340 --> 00:08:11,300
continuous monitoring method ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ kinetics ู‡ุงู†

98
00:08:11,300 --> 00:08:16,080
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ multiple measurements ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„

99
00:08:16,080 --> 00:08:19,040
absorbance ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู€ spectrophotometer ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุด

100
00:08:19,040 --> 00:08:22,560
ู‚ุฑุงุกุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูู‚ุท ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ fixed time ู„ุฃ ู‡ุงู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ 

101
00:08:22,560 --> 00:08:30,830
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู‚ุฑุงุกุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุชู… ุฃุฎุฐู‡ุง ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ูˆ

102
00:08:30,830 --> 00:08:35,430
ุงู„ู‚ุฑุงุกุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ either at specific time intervals

103
00:08:35,430 --> 00:08:41,630
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูƒู„ ุซู„ุงุซูŠู† ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู†ุงุฎุฏ ู‚ุฑุงุกุฉ ุฃูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† 

104
00:08:41,630 --> 00:08:45,550
continuously by a continuous recording

105
00:08:45,550 --> 00:08:49,770
spectrophotometer ูˆููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃุฌู‡ุฒุฉ ุฃุฌู‡ุฒุฉ 

106
00:08:49,770 --> 00:08:50,750
spectrophotometer

107
00:08:52,790 --> 00:08:57,770
ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุณุญุจ ู„ุนูŠู†ุฉ ูˆุทุจุนุง ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†

108
00:08:57,770 --> 00:09:04,430
ู…ูุจุฑู…ุฌ ูˆ ู…ูุจุฑู…ุฌ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุงู† ู…ุซู„ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠู‚ุฑุฃ ู„ูŠ ูƒู„ ุซู„ุงุซูŠู† 

109
00:09:04,430 --> 00:09:09,200
ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆ ูŠู‚ุฑุฃ ู„ูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ุฃุฑุจุน ู‚ุฑุงุกุงุช ุฃูˆ ุณุช ู‚ุฑุงุกุงุช ูˆ

110
00:09:09,200 --> 00:09:12,760
ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชู… ุจุฑู…ุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุฅู†ู‡ 

111
00:09:12,760 --> 00:09:17,940
ุจุงุณุชู…ุฑุงุฑ ูŠู‚ุฑุฃ ู„ูŠ ูƒูŠู ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„

112
00:09:17,940 --> 00:09:22,220
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ product ุจูŠ hand ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู…ุง at

113
00:09:22,220 --> 00:09:26,960
specific time intervals ุฃูˆ continuously ุชู…ุงู… ุทูˆู„

114
00:09:26,960 --> 00:09:31,940
ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ูŠู‚ุนุฏ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ู‚ุฑุงุกุงุช ู„ู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ูˆูƒู…ูŠุฉ 

115
00:09:31,940 --> 00:09:35,160
ุงู„ู€ product ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุจุชู†ุชุฌ 

116
00:09:37,310 --> 00:09:42,310
ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ุทุฑู‚ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุณูˆุงู‚ ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู€ specific time 

117
00:09:42,310 --> 00:09:46,270
ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ continuously ุทุจุนุง ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ fixed-time

118
00:09:46,270 --> 00:09:50,490
method because the linearity of the reaction may 

119
00:09:50,490 --> 00:09:53,150
be more adequately verified ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ 

120
00:09:53,150 --> 00:10:00,310
ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุชุฃูƒุฏ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ูุนู„ุง ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ูƒุงู† linear

121
00:10:00,310 --> 00:10:06,510
ูˆุงุณุชู…ุฑ linear ุฃูˆ ู„ุง ูˆู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃูŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ

122
00:10:06,510 --> 00:10:10,730
ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ูˆ ูŠุจุทู„ 

123
00:10:10,730 --> 00:10:17,730
ูŠุตูŠุฑ ู…ุซู„ุง ูŠุชูƒูˆู† product ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠุจูŠู† ุนู† ุฏู‡ุงู† ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ

124
00:10:17,730 --> 00:10:24,350
ุชู…ุงู… ุจูŠุฌู‡ุฏ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃูุถู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ if

125
00:10:24,350 --> 00:10:26,850
absorbance is measured at intervals several data 

126
00:10:26,850 --> 00:10:30,370
points are necessary to increase the accuracy of 

127
00:10:30,370 --> 00:10:34,630
linearity assessment ุจุฌู‡ุฉ ู‡ุงู… ุฏู‡ ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 

128
00:10:34,630 --> 00:10:42,430
ู‚ุฑุงุกุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุงุฎุฏ ู…ุซู„ุง ุฃุฑุจุน ู‚ุฑุงุกุงุช ู‚ุฑุงุกุฉ ุจุนุฏ ู…ู…ูƒู†

129
00:10:42,430 --> 00:10:48,510
ุซู„ุงุซูŠู† ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุณุชูŠู† ุชุณุนูŠู† ู…ุงุฆุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฅูŠุด

130
00:10:48,510 --> 00:10:56,700
ู†ุนู…ู„ ู†ุทุฑุญ ุงู„ู€ absorbance ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชู… ู‚ุฑุงุกุชู‡ ู…ุซู„ุง ุนู„ู‰ ูˆู‚ุช

131
00:10:56,700 --> 00:11:00,580
ุณุชูŠู† ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ absorbance ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุซู„ุงุซูŠู† ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ

132
00:11:00,580 --> 00:11:05,400
ุญูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุงู„ู€ absorbanceุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ 

133
00:11:05,400 --> 00:11:10,230
ุจู‚ุฑุฃ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ absorbance ุนู„ู‰ 90 ูˆ ุจู†ู‚ุตู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„

134
00:11:10,230 --> 00:11:15,450
absorbance ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ 60 ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… ุงู„ู€ absorbance 

135
00:11:15,450 --> 00:11:20,850
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ 90 minus ุงู„ู€ 60 ูˆ ุงู„ู€ 60 minus ุงู„ู€ 30 ูŠูƒูˆู† 

136
00:11:20,850 --> 00:11:25,630
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ absorbance ุซุงุจุช ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ linear

137
00:11:25,630 --> 00:11:31,410
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ูˆุงุถุญ ู‡ุงู† ุจุงู„ู€ figure ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„

138
00:11:31,410 --> 00:11:35,170
absorbance ูˆุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‚ุฑุงุกุงุช ุนู„ู‰ 30 ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆ 60 ูˆ 90 ูˆ

139
00:11:35,170 --> 00:11:39,770
120ุทุจุนุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ุจู†ุดูˆู ุงู„

140
00:11:39,770 --> 00:11:46,790
absorbance ุนู„ู‰ ุณุชูŠู† ูˆ ุจู†ู†ู‚ุตู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ุฑุงุกุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช

141
00:11:46,790 --> 00:11:55,910
ุนู„ู‰ ุชู„ุงุชูŠู† ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠุนุทูŠู†ู‰ ูุฑู‚ ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุฏู‰ 

142
00:11:55,910 --> 00:12:00,630
ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ absorbance ู„ู…ุง ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู†ุทุฑุญ

143
00:12:00,630 --> 00:12:03,710
ุงู„ absorbance ุนู„ู‰ ุชุณุนูŠู† ู†ุงู‚ุต ุงู„ absorbance ุนู„ู‰

144
00:12:03,710 --> 00:12:09,270
ุณุชูŠู† ุทุจุนุง ุจูŠุฌูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุฏู„ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุง ุฅู† ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ

145
00:12:09,270 --> 00:12:14,070
ุซุงุจุชุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุซู„ุง point 2

146
00:12:14,070 --> 00:12:19,070
ููŠ ุงู„ absorbance ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง point 2 ููŠ ุงู„ absorbance

147
00:12:19,070 --> 00:12:27,770
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ linear ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ

148
00:12:27,770 --> 00:12:34,510
ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฎู„ุต ุงู„ substrate ู…ุซู„ุง ุทุจุนุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ

149
00:12:34,510 --> 00:12:38,810
ู…ุซู„ุง ู‡ู†ุง ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุซู„ุง ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„

150
00:12:38,810 --> 00:12:46,530
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุทุจุนุง ูˆ ุงุฌูŠู†ุง ุฃุฎุฐู†ุง ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ู†ุงู‚ุต ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ

151
00:12:46,530 --> 00:12:51,010
ุนุดุฑูŠู† ู‡ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู†ู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ absorbance ู…ู…ูƒู† ุตุงุฑุช ู…ุซู„ุง

152
00:12:51,010 --> 00:12:58,490
point ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุฃู‡ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุนุฑู ุฃู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ

153
00:12:58,490 --> 00:13:06,230
ุนุดุฑูŠู† ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ linear ูˆ ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†

154
00:13:06,230 --> 00:13:10,290
ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠู‡ ุงู„ substrate ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„

155
00:13:10,290 --> 00:13:15,850
ุทุจุนุง ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุงู…ุชู‰ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู†ู‚ุต ููŠู‡ 

156
00:13:15,850 --> 00:13:19,350
substrate ู†ู‚ุต ููŠู‡ coenzyme ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุจูŠุจูŠู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ

157
00:13:19,350 --> 00:13:23,390
ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ continuous monitoring

158
00:13:27,030 --> 00:13:33,370
ุงุญู†ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุณุงุจู‚ุง ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ุนุงุฏุฉ

159
00:13:33,370 --> 00:13:37,730
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจู…ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุทุจุนุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู†

160
00:13:37,730 --> 00:13:42,130
activity ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ู‚ุตู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„

161
00:13:42,130 --> 00:13:48,290
activity ู„ู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ูˆ ู…ุด ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„

162
00:13:48,290 --> 00:13:54,050
units ู„ุฅุตุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง international unit

163
00:13:56,030 --> 00:13:59,550
ูˆ ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุงู„ู€ international unit ุงู„ู€ amount of

164
00:13:59,550 --> 00:14:03,250
enzyme that will convert one micromole of

165
00:14:03,250 --> 00:14:07,950
substrate per minute in specified conditions

166
00:14:07,950 --> 00:14:12,390
ูˆ ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจูŠุตู„ู‡ุง reporting ุนู„ู‰ international

167
00:14:12,390 --> 00:14:17,830
unit per liter ุจู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุฅุตุฏุงุฑ ู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุงู„

168
00:14:17,830 --> 00:14:22,780
enzymes ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ activity of enzymes ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง

169
00:14:22,780 --> 00:14:26,220
unit ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ international system of units

170
00:14:26,220 --> 00:14:33,740
ูˆ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ unit ู‡ู†ุง catal ูˆ ุงู„ catal ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†

171
00:14:33,740 --> 00:14:37,500
mole per second ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ moles of substrate

172
00:14:37,500 --> 00:14:42,780
converted per second ูˆ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง reporting

173
00:14:42,780 --> 00:14:50,400
ู„ู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ catal per liter ูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุญูˆูŠู„ ุงู„

174
00:14:50,400 --> 00:14:55,330
international unit ุงู„ู‰ catal ุงู† ุงู„ one

175
00:14:55,330 --> 00:15:04,370
international unit ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ seventeen nano catal ุทูŠุจ

176
00:15:04,370 --> 00:15:09,650
ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู† ุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจู†ู‚ูŠุณ ุงู„ activity ู„ูƒู† ู…ุด ู…ู…ูƒู†

177
00:15:09,650 --> 00:15:14,430
ู†ู‚ูŠุณ ุงู„ ุงู„ mass ุงู„ concentration ู„ ุงู„ enzyme ู…ู…ูƒู†

178
00:15:14,430 --> 00:15:20,560
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃูŠุถุง ูˆ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูุนู„ูŠุง ุนุฏุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ

179
00:15:20,560 --> 00:15:25,060
ุจูŠุชู… ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ mass of enzyme ุฃูˆ ุงู„

180
00:15:25,060 --> 00:15:31,420
concentration of enzyme ูŠุจู‚ู‰

181
00:15:31,420 --> 00:15:34,580
ู‡ู†ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจู†ู‚ูŠุณ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ enzyme ู„ูƒู† ููŠู‡ ุงู†ู‡

182
00:15:34,580 --> 00:15:39,880
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูˆุงุฌู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ูˆ ู…ู†

183
00:15:39,880 --> 00:15:44,120
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุทุจุนุง ุงุญู†ุง ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุจู†ุฏู†ู‚ูŠุณ ุงู„ ุงู„ enzyme

184
00:15:44,120 --> 00:15:47,780
mass ุงู„ concentration ู„ู€ ุงู„ enzyme ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจู†ุฏู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…

185
00:15:47,780 --> 00:15:52,420
antibody ุนุดุงู† ู†ุนู…ู„ detection ู„ู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ

186
00:15:52,420 --> 00:15:57,140
ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… antibody ูŠุณุชู‡ุฏู ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ุฃูˆ ุงู„ iso

187
00:15:57,140 --> 00:16:01,760
ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ูˆุงุฌู‡ู‡ุง ุจู‡ุฐู‡

188
00:16:01,760 --> 00:16:04,780
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู†ู‡ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุง cross reactivity with

189
00:16:04,780 --> 00:16:09,900
inactive enzymes ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจุงู„

190
00:16:09,900 --> 00:16:15,860
sample ุงู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุจุนุถ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช active ูˆ ุจุนุถ ู…ู†

191
00:16:15,860 --> 00:16:21,300
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช non-functional, inactive, denatured

192
00:16:21,300 --> 00:16:27,120
ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ู…ุง ุฃู†ุง ุจู‚ูŠุณ ุจุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ antibody ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†

193
00:16:27,120 --> 00:16:30,500
ุงู„ Epitope ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูŠุฌูŠ ูŠุฑุชุจุท ู…ุนุงู‡ ุงู„ antibody ุณู„ูŠู…

194
00:16:30,500 --> 00:16:34,520
ู…ุงููŠุด ููŠู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู…ุงููŠู‡ ุฃูŠ ุชุบูŠุฑ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ antibody

195
00:16:34,520 --> 00:16:39,620
ู‡ูŠุฑุชุจุท ุจุบุถ ุงู„ู†ุธุฑ ุงู†ู‡ ู‡ู„ ุงู„ enzyme active ุฃูˆ 

196
00:16:39,620 --> 00:16:46,450
inactive ุทุจุนุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู…ู„ูŠ reactivity

197
00:16:46,450 --> 00:16:50,490
with inactive enzymes ุฃูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู…ู„ูŠ ู…ุน inactive

198
00:16:50,490 --> 00:16:56,790
isoenzymes ูˆ ุฃูŠุถุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠู†ุชุจู‡ ุงู† ุญุชู‰ ูŠุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน

199
00:16:56,790 --> 00:17:00,880
partially digested enzyme ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุญุชู‰ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†

200
00:17:00,880 --> 00:17:05,100
ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ุตุงุฑ ู„ู‡ breakdown ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ

201
00:17:05,100 --> 00:17:10,240
ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ุงู„ antibody ู„ุณู‡

202
00:17:10,240 --> 00:17:14,100
ุณู„ูŠู… ูˆู…ุง ุตุงุฑ ู„ู‡ degradation ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ antibody ุจุฑุถู‡

203
00:17:14,100 --> 00:17:21,180
ู‡ูŠุฑุชุจุท ูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู…ู„ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

204
00:17:21,180 --> 00:17:27,240
ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ falsely high concentration ู„ู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู…

205
00:17:28,730 --> 00:17:32,610
ุชู…ุงู… ุจูŠู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูˆุงุฌู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุงู„

206
00:17:32,610 --> 00:17:37,090
concentration ูˆ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนุดุงู† ู†ุชุฌู†ุจ ู‡ุฐู‡

207
00:17:37,090 --> 00:17:43,240
ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุง ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ูŠุง ุงู…ุง ู†ุนุชู…ุฏ ุฃูŠ

208
00:17:43,240 --> 00:17:48,560
ู‚ูŠุงุณ ู„ู€ enzyme concentration ุฃูˆ enzyme mass ู„ุงุจุฏ

209
00:17:48,560 --> 00:17:56,120
ู…ู† ุนู…ู„ experiment ู†ุดูˆู ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ enzyme

210
00:17:56,120 --> 00:18:00,550
activity ู…ุน ุงู„ enzyme mass ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจูŠู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ

211
00:18:00,550 --> 00:18:08,590
ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ูˆู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ุนุงู…ุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ู„ูƒู† ูŠุฌุจ

212
00:18:08,590 --> 00:18:13,970
ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุญุฏูˆุฏุฉ ู„ูƒู„ ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุญุฏุฏ ู„ูƒู„ ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ุงู† ู‡ู„

213
00:18:13,970 --> 00:18:20,990
ูุนู„ุง ุงู„ activity ู…ุชูˆุงูู‚ุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ quantity ุฃูˆ ู„ุง

214
00:18:20,990 --> 00:18:23,710
ุงู†ุฒูŠู…

215
00:18:24,210 --> 00:18:26,810
ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃูŠุถุง ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‚ุฑุฑ ูˆ ูŠู‚ูˆู… ุจุงู„ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจ ู…ู† ุชู‚ู†ูŠุฉ

216
00:18:26,810 --> 00:18:38,950
Electrophoresis ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ูˆ ูŠู‚ุฏุฑ

217
00:18:38,950 --> 00:18:41,630
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง

218
00:18:41,630 --> 00:18:41,870
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง

219
00:18:41,870 --> 00:18:42,330
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง

220
00:18:42,330 --> 00:18:46,430
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง

221
00:18:52,560 --> 00:18:59,620
ู„ู„ู€ Bands ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู‚ุฏู…ุฉ

222
00:18:59,620 --> 00:19:04,820
ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ูˆ ูƒูŠููŠุฉ ู‚ูŠุงุณู‡ุง ูˆ ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ู†ุจุฏุฃ ููŠ

223
00:19:04,820 --> 00:19:13,140
ุงู„ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ุจุนุถ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุฌุณู…

224
00:19:13,140 --> 00:19:18,980
ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€

225
00:19:18,980 --> 00:19:22,110
Acid Phosphatase ุทุจุนุง ู‡ู†ุง ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง

226
00:19:22,110 --> 00:19:26,430
ุงู„ clinical significance ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุฃูŠ ู…ุฑุถ

227
00:19:26,430 --> 00:19:30,730
acid phosphatase ุจุงู„ุจุฑุณุชุงุชูŠูƒุงุฑุณูŠู†ูˆู…ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ALT

228
00:19:30,730 --> 00:19:37,630
ููŠ ุงู„ hepatic disorder ูŠุจู‚ูŠ ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ููŠ

229
00:19:37,630 --> 00:19:42,090
ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ุจูŠุฏู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ organ ู…ุนูŠู† ูˆ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง

230
00:19:42,090 --> 00:19:48,330
ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุฑุชุจุท ููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูƒู…ูŠุงุช ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„

231
00:19:48,330 --> 00:19:52,620
ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ALT ูˆ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†

232
00:19:52,620 --> 00:19:56,400
ุตุฑููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ Hepatic Disorder ู‡ูŠุฑุชูุน ุงู„ ALT ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡

233
00:19:56,400 --> 00:20:00,320
ูุนู„ูŠุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ concentration ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ ALT ููŠ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง

234
00:20:00,320 --> 00:20:04,500
ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃูŠุถุง alkaline phosphatase ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„

235
00:20:04,500 --> 00:20:07,420
hepatic disorder ุฃูˆ ุงู„ bone disorder ุนู†ุฏู†ุง

236
00:20:07,420 --> 00:20:13,870
ุงู„ amylase ุจุงู„ acute pancreatitis Aspartate, Amino

237
00:20:13,870 --> 00:20:17,830
Transferase ูˆ ุงู„ู€ AST ุจุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุดุบู„ุฉ Myocardial

238
00:20:17,830 --> 00:20:20,410
Infarction, Hepatic Disorder, Skeletal Muscle

239
00:20:20,410 --> 00:20:26,510
Disorder, Creatine Kinase, Myocardial Infarction

240
00:20:26,510 --> 00:20:29,250
ูˆ Skeletal Muscle Disorder ุทุจ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ุขู† ูƒู…ุงู†

241
00:20:29,250 --> 00:20:32,390
ุดูˆูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุซู„ุง Creatine Kinase ุทุจ ู‡ูŠ

242
00:20:32,390 --> 00:20:37,030
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุจุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ูˆ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุจุงู„ skeletal muscles ุทูŠุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

243
00:20:37,030 --> 00:20:40,310
ู„ู…ุง ูŠุฑุชูุน ุฃู† ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู† ูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒ ุฏู‡ ูƒูŠุจู†ุง ู†ุนุฑู ุฅูŠุด

244
00:20:40,310 --> 00:20:44,710
ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠูŠุฌูŠ ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ iso-enzymes ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ู†ุดูˆู

245
00:20:44,710 --> 00:20:48,650
ุงู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู† ุงู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู†

246
00:20:48,650 --> 00:20:53,530
ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู‡ุง iso-enzymes ูˆ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู‚ุตู†ุง ุงู„

247
00:20:53,530 --> 00:20:58,330
iso-enzymes ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุฏุฏ ุจุงู„ุธุจุท ู‡ู„ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„

248
00:20:58,330 --> 00:21:02,590
ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช gamma

249
00:21:02,590 --> 00:21:08,390
glutamyl transferase hepatic disorder G6PD Drug

250
00:21:08,390 --> 00:21:12,010
-Induced Pneumonia ู„ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุฏูŠู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู†ูŠุฒ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ุทุงุจู‚

251
00:21:12,010 --> 00:21:14,990
ุจุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† Disorder ู‡ู†ุง ู…ูŠ Cardial InfarctionุŒ

252
00:21:14,990 --> 00:21:20,710
Hepatic Disorder ูˆ Carcinoma ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุงู„ุฃูˆู„

253
00:21:20,710 --> 00:21:27,410
ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู† ูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒ ูˆ ุงุฎุชุตุงุฑู‡ CK ู‡ุฐุง

254
00:21:27,410 --> 00:21:31,090
ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ุทุจุนุง ุงุญู†ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ู‚ุจู„ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู†

255
00:21:32,710 --> 00:21:38,110
ูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒ ู„ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุนู† ุชูƒูˆูŠู† ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู†ูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู…

256
00:21:38,110 --> 00:21:42,470
ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุจู€ Regeneration and Storage of High Energy

257
00:21:42,470 --> 00:21:46,610
Phosphate ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ ATP ูˆ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ

258
00:21:46,610 --> 00:21:50,570
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช it catalyzes the following

259
00:21:50,570 --> 00:21:56,530
reversible reaction in the body ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู† ู…ุน ATP

260
00:21:56,530 --> 00:22:01,390
ููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู† ูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู† ููˆุณูุงุช ุฒุงุฆุฏ

261
00:22:01,390 --> 00:22:07,470
ATP ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ูŠุณูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุงุชุฌุงู‡ูŠู† ุบุงู„ุจู‹ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†

262
00:22:07,470 --> 00:22:10,010
ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู† ู…ุน ATP ููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู† ูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ

263
00:22:10,010 --> 00:22:13,930
ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู† ููˆุณูุงุช ูˆ ADP ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู† ููˆุณูุงุช ู…ุน ADP ููŠ

264
00:22:13,930 --> 00:22:21,970
ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู† ูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒ ู‡ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู† ูˆ ATP ุงู„

265
00:22:21,970 --> 00:22:26,260
high concentration of Creatine Kinase ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆ ุงู†

266
00:22:26,260 --> 00:22:29,640
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ุจ concentration ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ููŠ ุฃูŠ

267
00:22:29,640 --> 00:22:33,980
tissue ููŠ ุฃูŠ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจุงู„ skeletal muscle

268
00:22:33,980 --> 00:22:41,600
cardiac muscle ูˆ ุฃูŠุถุง brain tissue ุทูŠุจ

269
00:22:41,600 --> 00:22:46,340
ุงู„ุขู† ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู†ุฒูŠู… ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู†

270
00:22:46,340 --> 00:22:50,720
kinase activity ููŠ ุงู„ plasma ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู†

271
00:22:50,720 --> 00:22:57,720
ุตุงุฑ ููŠู†ุง damage ู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ tissues ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ

272
00:22:57,720 --> 00:23:04,020
ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ Creatine Kinase useful to diagnose

273
00:23:04,020 --> 00:23:09,680
acute myocardial infarction ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุชู„ุนุจ ุฏูˆุฑ ู…ู‡ู… ููŠ

274
00:23:09,680 --> 00:23:17,510
ุงู„ diagnosis ู„ุฌู„ุทุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจูˆ ุฃูŠุถุง ููŠ

275
00:23:17,510 --> 00:23:22,730
ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ู…ุชุนู„ู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุฒูŠ ุงู„ muscular

276
00:23:22,730 --> 00:23:28,930
dystrophy ุทุจุนุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ ุงู„ Creatine

277
00:23:28,930 --> 00:23:34,370
Kinase ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ู‡ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุฏู„ุงู„ุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง

278
00:23:34,370 --> 00:23:36,430
ุงุดุชุบู„ู†ุง ุงู„ Creatine Kinase ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ Creatine

279
00:23:36,430 --> 00:23:41,700
Kinase ู…ุฑุชูุน ุทุจ ู‡ู„ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ enzyme ู‡ุฐุง

280
00:23:41,700 --> 00:23:46,160
ุตุงุฑ ู„ู‡ release ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจุŸ ุตุงุฑ ู„ู‡ release ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงูŠุง 

281
00:23:46,160 --> 00:23:51,000
ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุชุŸ ุตุงู„ู‡ release ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ brainุŸ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ

282
00:23:51,000 --> 00:23:55,340
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ enzyme ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ ุฃู‡ ู…ุด ู‡ูŠููŠุฏ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง

283
00:23:55,340 --> 00:23:59,660
ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุฃุญุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ tissues ุงู„ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡

284
00:23:59,660 --> 00:24:03,940
ู„ูƒู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุงู„ุธุจุทุŸ ู…ุด ู‡ู†ู‚ุฏุฑ ู†ุนุฑู ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ู‡ู† ุจูŠุฌูŠ

285
00:24:03,940 --> 00:24:06,480
ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ู€ ISO enzymes

286
00:24:08,380 --> 00:24:15,600
ูˆูุนู„ูŠุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ iso enzymes ู„ู€ ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุชูŠู† ูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒ

287
00:24:15,600 --> 00:24:22,020
ูˆ ุงู„ู€ iso enzymes ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุจุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† two different

288
00:24:22,020 --> 00:24:28,080
polypeptide chains ูููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุณู„ุณู„ุชูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€

289
00:24:28,080 --> 00:24:32,240
polypeptide ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ enzyme

290
00:24:34,870 --> 00:24:39,490
ุนู†ุง ุงู„ู€ polypeptides ุงู„ู€ chain ู‡ุฐู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุง ุงู„ู€

291
00:24:39,490 --> 00:24:44,930
polypeptide M ูˆ ุงู„ู€ polypeptide ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ B ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„

292
00:24:44,930 --> 00:24:49,850
ุฃูŠ polypeptides ู‡ูŠุฑุชุจุทูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ู‡ูŠุนุทูˆู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ ISO

293
00:24:49,850 --> 00:24:53,810
enzymes ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู€ two

294
00:24:53,810 --> 00:24:59,810
polypeptides B ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† CK1 ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ ISO

295
00:24:59,810 --> 00:25:05,130
enzyme ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ brain ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠูˆุญุฏุฉ

296
00:25:05,130 --> 00:25:08,850
ุจูˆู„ูŠุจูŠุจุชุงูŠุฏ M ูˆุงู„ุจูˆู„ูŠุจูŠุจุชุงูŠุฏ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ B ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง

297
00:25:08,850 --> 00:25:16,750
CK2 ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Cardic-type ุฃูˆ

298
00:25:16,750 --> 00:25:21,090
ุจูŠุณู…ู‰ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง Hybrid-type ู‡ุฌูŠู† ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† M

299
00:25:21,090 --> 00:25:26,810
ูˆูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† B ูŠุนู†ูŠ CK2 ุฃูˆ CKMP ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†

300
00:25:26,810 --> 00:25:32,930
CKBB ูˆุงู„ุนูŠุฒูˆูŠู†ุฒุงูŠู… ุงู„ุชุงู„ุช ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ two polypeptides

301
00:25:32,930 --> 00:25:39,270
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ M-typeูˆุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู†ู‡ CKMM ุฃูˆ CK3

302
00:25:39,270 --> 00:25:44,690
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ ISO enzymes

303
00:25:44,690 --> 00:25:50,030
ุจุชููŠุฏู† ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ู…ุฑูŠุฏ

304
00:25:50,030 --> 00:25:54,870
ูุญุตู†ุง ุงู„ู€ CK ูˆู„ุงุฌูŠู†ุงู‡ ู…ุฑุชูุน ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ูุญุต ุงู„ู€ ISO

305
00:25:54,870 --> 00:25:59,890
enzymes ุนุดุงู† ู†ุดูˆูุงู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ููŠ ุฃูŠ ุงูŠุฒูˆ ุงู†ุฒุงูŠู…

306
00:25:59,890 --> 00:26:07,050
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ูŠุฏู„ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ tissue ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุทูŠุจ

307
00:26:07,050 --> 00:26:10,850
ุงู„ู€ Unnormal Serum consists of approximately 94%

308
00:26:10,850 --> 00:26:17,570
to 100% CKMM ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุทูŠู† ูƒูŠู†ูŠุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ

309
00:26:17,570 --> 00:26:24,200
ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุฉู…ุนุธู…ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ูˆุน CKMM ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ

310
00:26:24,200 --> 00:26:30,680
ุจุงู„ู€ muscle type 94% ู„ู€ 100% ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ CK ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ

311
00:26:30,680 --> 00:26:35,320
ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ CKMM

312
00:26:39,190 --> 00:26:44,450
ุงู„ุงู† ุจู…ุง ูŠุชุนู„ู‚ ุจุงู„ู€ cardiac muscle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ

313
00:26:44,450 --> 00:26:48,670
ุงู„ูƒูŠุฑูŠุชูŠู†ูƒุงู†ูŠุฒูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ

314
00:26:48,670 --> 00:26:57,830
ุงู†ู‡ ุนูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง 80% CKMM ุฃูŠุถุง ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง 20%

315
00:26:57,830 --> 00:27:03,930
CKMP ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุฎุงุต ุจุนุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ

316
00:27:09,740 --> 00:27:14,080
ุทุจุนุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชู… ูุตู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ Isoenzymes ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง

317
00:27:14,080 --> 00:27:18,660
ุณุงุจู‚ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู€ Electrophoresis ูˆ ู‡ู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰

318
00:27:18,660 --> 00:27:27,660
ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ BB migrate fastest to a node than

319
00:27:27,660 --> 00:27:33,600
MB and MM ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุณุฑุน ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ BB ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงู„ู€ MB

320
00:27:33,600 --> 00:27:35,660
ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงู„ู€ MM

321
00:27:38,340 --> 00:27:41,520
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ the major isoenzyme in the sera

322
00:27:41,520 --> 00:27:44,860
of healthy people is the M M form ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุจุดูƒู„

323
00:27:44,860 --> 00:27:50,500
94 ุฅู„ู‰ 100% ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ู€ isoenzyme ุงู„ู…ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡

324
00:27:50,500 --> 00:27:54,620
ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุจุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง

325
00:27:54,620 --> 00:28:00,460
ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€ Mb isoenzyme ูŠุฏุงุด ู†ุณุจุชู‡ ุงู„ู€ Mb isoenzyme ููŠ

326
00:28:00,460 --> 00:28:07,170
ุงู„ู€ normal persons ุงู…ุง undetectableูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ูุญุต

327
00:28:07,170 --> 00:28:11,790
ุงู„ู€ CKMP ูˆู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุทุจุนุง ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุดุฎุงุต ุงู„ู€

328
00:28:11,790 --> 00:28:18,110
healthy ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠูŠู† ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตู„ ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† 6% of

329
00:28:18,110 --> 00:28:24,490
total keratin kinase ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† 6% ุงู„ู€ CKMP

330
00:28:24,490 --> 00:28:28,930
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ undetectable ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† 6

331
00:28:28,930 --> 00:28:35,850
%ุงุฑุชูุน ุนู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุงู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู†ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ

332
00:28:35,850 --> 00:28:41,830
ููŠ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ it also appears that ckbb is present

333
00:28:41,830 --> 00:28:45,050
in small quantities in the sera of healthy people

334
00:28:45,050 --> 00:28:49,050
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู„ูƒู† ุจูƒู…ูŠุงุช ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุงู„ูˆุงู†ูˆุก ุงู„ุชุงู„ุช ุงู„ู€

335
00:28:49,050 --> 00:28:55,810
ckbb ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุฎุงุต ุจุงู„ุจุฑุงูŠู† ุงู„ู€ diagnostic

336
00:28:55,810 --> 00:29:00,420
significance ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู†ุงู„ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฎุงุตุฉ ุจู€ CK

337
00:29:00,420 --> 00:29:03,420
-Enzyme Separation ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ูˆุฌุฏุชู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุตูˆู„

338
00:29:03,420 --> 00:29:07,560
ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุฌุงุจุฉ ุชุฏู…ูŠุฑ ู…ูŠูˆูƒุงุฑุฏูŠุงู„ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุงุฒู…ุŒ ูƒู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุงุŒ

339
00:29:07,560 --> 00:29:11,400
ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุฅุดุชุบู„ู†ุง ูˆ ู„ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู€ keratin kinase ุงู„ู€

340
00:29:11,400 --> 00:29:19,020
total ู…ุฑุชูุน ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุดุชุบู„ ุงู„ู€ enzyme ูƒุงุฑุฏ ูŠูƒุชุดู

341
00:29:19,020 --> 00:29:22,860
ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ูƒุงู…ุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ CKMP ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ู†ุณุจุฉ ุชุตู„

342
00:29:22,860 --> 00:29:30,640
ู„ู€ 20%ูˆุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ CKMP ู„ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† 6% is a strong

343
00:29:30,640 --> 00:29:35,360
indication of acute myocardial infarction ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆุฃู†

344
00:29:35,360 --> 00:29:41,060
ุงู„ู€ C ุตุงุฑ ููŠู†ุง ุฌู„ุทุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ูˆุตุงุฑ ููŠู†ุง ู…ูˆุช ู„ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†

345
00:29:41,060 --> 00:29:46,080
ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจุฏุฃ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง release ู„ู‡ุฐุง

346
00:29:46,080 --> 00:29:50,590
ุงู„ู€ ISO enzyme ูˆุงุฑุชูุนุช ุงู„ู€ concentration ุชุจุนุชู‡ููŠ

347
00:29:50,590 --> 00:29:55,330
ุงู„ุฏู… ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุนู† 6% ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง strong

348
00:29:55,330 --> 00:30:00,430
indication of acute myocardial infarction ุทูŠุจ ูƒูŠู

349
00:30:00,430 --> 00:30:07,930
ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ูˆุญุณุจ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุนุฏ ุญุฏูˆุซ ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ุฌู„ุทุฉ

350
00:30:07,930 --> 00:30:10,290
ุงู„ู€ acute myocardial infarction ูƒูŠู ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ

351
00:30:10,290 --> 00:30:14,650
ู„ู„ู€ CKMP CKMP increases four to eight hours post

352
00:30:14,650 --> 00:30:20,190
acute myocardial infarctionุจุชุจุฏุฃ ุชุฒูŠุฏ ุจุนุฏ 4 ุฅู„ู‰ 8

353
00:30:20,190 --> 00:30:27,430
ุณุงุนุงุช ุฅู…ุชู‰ ุจุชุตู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชูˆูŠุงุชู‡ุง ุจุนุฏ 12 ุฅู„ู‰ 24

354
00:30:27,430 --> 00:30:32,170
ุณุงุนุฉ ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ูŠุตุงุจ ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุจู€ acute myocardial

355
00:30:32,170 --> 00:30:36,710
infarction ุจู€ 24 ุณุงุนุฉ ู„ูˆ ุฃุฌูŠู†ุง ูˆ ู‚ุตู†ุง ุงู„ู€ CKMP

356
00:30:36,710 --> 00:30:41,550
ุจู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุนู„ู‰ level ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตู„ู‡ ุงู„ู€ CKMP ุจุนุฏ

357
00:30:41,550 --> 00:30:47,040
ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฃุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุจุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู€ concentration ุจุงู„ู†ุฒูˆู„ูˆ ุจุชุฑุฌุน

358
00:30:47,040 --> 00:30:54,480
ุงู„ู€ concentration ู„ู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุจุนุฏ 48 ุฅู„ู‰ 72

359
00:30:54,480 --> 00:31:02,840
ุณุงุนุฉ ุทูŠุจ ุจู‚ุงุด ุจุชููŠุฏู†ูŠ ุงู† ุงุนุฑู ุงู…ุชู‰ ุจูŠุฑุชูุน ุงู…ุชู‰

360
00:31:02,840 --> 00:31:07,600
ุจูŠุตู„ ู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชูˆูŠุงุชู‡ ุงู…ุชู‰ ุจูŠุฑุฌุน ู„ู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุนุดุงู† ู„ู…ุง

361
00:31:07,600 --> 00:31:13,620
ูŠุฌูŠ ุดุฎุต ู„ู„ู…ุณุชุดูู‰ ุงูˆ ู„ู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ูˆ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ูุญุตู„ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง

362
00:31:13,620 --> 00:31:21,590
ุงู„ูุญุตูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุดุฎุต ุญุงุณ ู…ุซู„ุง ููŠ ุถูŠู‚ ุจุงู„ุตุฏุฑ

363
00:31:21,590 --> 00:31:27,830
ูˆ ุซู‚ูˆุจุฉ ุจุงู„ุชู†ูุณ ูŠุจู„ ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฎู…ุณ ุฃูŠุงู… ู…ุซู„ุง ูˆ

364
00:31:27,830 --> 00:31:34,610
ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุฅุฌุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุดูู‰ ู‡ู„ ุจู†ูุน ุฃู† ุฃู‚ุณู„ู‡ ุงู„ู€ CKMP

365
00:31:34,610 --> 00:31:40,370
ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุจู†ูุนุด ู„ูŠุด ู„ุฃู†ู‡ returns to normal within 48 to

366
00:31:40,370 --> 00:31:47,640
72 hours ุชู…ุงู…ุŸุทุจ ุงู…ุชู‰ ุงูุญุตู„ู‡ุŸ ุงู†ุง ุฒู‰ ู…ุง ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุงู†ู‡

367
00:31:47,640 --> 00:31:52,620
ุจุนุฏ ุงุฑุจุน ุณุงุนุงุช ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ูŠุชุธู‡ุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู‡ูˆ

368
00:31:52,620 --> 00:31:57,340
ุนู„ุงู…ุฉ ุงู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุทุจุนุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชุฏุฎู„ ูˆู…ู…ูƒู†

369
00:31:57,340 --> 00:32:00,540
ูŠู‚ูŠุตู‡ ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงุชู†ุงุดุฑ ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุงูˆ ุงุฑุจุน

370
00:32:00,540 --> 00:32:03,940
ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุณุงุนุฉ ูˆุงุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฌูˆุง ุงู†ู‡ ูุนู„ุง ุงุชูุน ุงูƒุชุฑ ุงู„

371
00:32:03,940 --> 00:32:09,240
CKMP ุจุฌู‡ุฏ ุจุงูƒุฏ ุงู„ู€ diagnosisูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฃูˆู‚ุงุช ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุนุดุงู†

372
00:32:09,240 --> 00:32:15,460
ู†ุนุฑู ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ูุญุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฑุถูŠุฉ

373
00:32:15,460 --> 00:32:16,840
ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ

374
00:32:21,860 --> 00:32:26,500
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ figure ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูˆุถุญ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ุนู…ู„ู†ุง

375
00:32:26,500 --> 00:32:30,180
Electrophoresis ูˆ ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงุณุชุฎุฏู…ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ densitometer

376
00:32:30,180 --> 00:32:35,260
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ู€ proteins ูˆ ุงู„ู€ area

377
00:32:35,260 --> 00:32:39,440
under the graph ุจูŠุนูƒุณ ุงู„ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ ISO enzyme

378
00:32:39,440 --> 00:32:44,050
ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุŒ ุจุดุฎุต ุทุจูŠุนูŠู‡ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ isoenzyme

379
00:32:44,050 --> 00:32:48,550
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ CK2 ุฃูˆ CKMP ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ุฃูƒุจุฑ

380
00:32:48,550 --> 00:32:55,490
ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู„ู€ CKMM ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† 6% ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ

381
00:32:55,490 --> 00:32:58,370
ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ a patient with acute myocardial

382
00:32:58,370 --> 00:33:01,870
infarction ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุฅู†ู‡ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง

383
00:33:01,870 --> 00:33:07,090
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ููŠ ุงู„ู€ concentration ู„ู€ CKMP ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง

384
00:33:07,090 --> 00:33:09,930
ู…ู…ุซู„ ุจุงู„ู€ area under the peak

385
00:33:16,400 --> 00:33:21,100
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ graph ุจูŠูˆุถุญ ู„ูŠ ูƒูŠู ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ููŠ

386
00:33:21,100 --> 00:33:25,400
ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุตุงุฑ ููŠู†ุง acute

387
00:33:25,400 --> 00:33:28,440
myocardial infarction ูˆุฃูŠ ุงู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุจุชุฑุชูุน

388
00:33:28,440 --> 00:33:34,110
ุงู„ู€ concentration ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุงุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰

389
00:33:34,110 --> 00:33:38,410
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ุง ู†ูุณูŠุฑ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุจุงู„ู€AST ุจุงู„ู€CK

390
00:33:38,410 --> 00:33:41,390
ุจุงู„ู€ lactate dehydrogenase ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ุงู†ุฒูŠู…

391
00:33:41,390 --> 00:33:44,710
ุจูŠุฑุชูุน ู„ูƒู† ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€keratin

392
00:33:44,710 --> 00:33:49,230
kinase ุจูŠุฑุชูุน ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ูˆุจูŠุตู„ ุงู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุฅู„ู‰ six

393
00:33:49,230 --> 00:33:54,190
times upper limit normal ุงู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุจูŠุตู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุณุช

394
00:33:54,190 --> 00:34:01,260
ุฃุถุนุงู ุงู„ู€ concentration ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉูˆุงู„ู€ CKMP ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตู„

395
00:34:01,260 --> 00:34:04,820
ุงู„ู€ Concentration ุชุจุนุชู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ุนุดุฑ ุฃุถุนุงู ุงู„ู€

396
00:34:04,820 --> 00:34:12,680
Concentration ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€

397
00:34:12,680 --> 00:34:19,780
CKS ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุธู‡ุฑ ุฃุดูŠุงุก

398
00:34:19,780 --> 00:34:25,260
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู‚ูŠุณู‡ู„ุฃ ุจู†ุญุชุงุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู† ุชูุงุคู„ ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง

399
00:34:25,260 --> 00:34:31,380
ู‡ู†ุดูˆู ููŠู‡ ุฃู†ู‡ ุชู„ุช ุชูุงุคู„ุงุช ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ู…ุง ู†ุตู„ู‰ a

400
00:34:31,380 --> 00:34:37,160
compound ุฃูˆ product ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชู… ู‚ูŠุงุณู‡ูˆููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡

401
00:34:37,160 --> 00:34:41,660
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฃู† the rate at which not pH is produced is

402
00:34:41,660 --> 00:34:46,100
a function of keratin kinase activity in the first

403
00:34:46,100 --> 00:34:51,200
reaction ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุฃู†ู‡ not pHู‡ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูˆ ู†ูุณ

404
00:34:51,200 --> 00:34:55,540
ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ู„ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ู€ NAD H ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ NAD H ูˆ ุงู„ู€

405
00:34:55,540 --> 00:34:59,000
NAD BH ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ maximum absorbance ุนู„ู‰ ุชู„ุงุช ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ

406
00:34:59,000 --> 00:35:04,180
ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ู€ NAD ูˆ ุงู„ู€ NADB ู…ุงู„ู‡ู…ุด

407
00:35:06,480 --> 00:35:12,140
ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ูƒุงู„ู€ Coupled Assay ReactionุŒ

408
00:35:12,140 --> 00:35:17,480
ุงู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุงู„ู€ Hexokinase ูˆุงู„ู€ G6PD ุจุชู… ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุง

409
00:35:17,480 --> 00:35:23,860
ูƒุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ู…ุณุงุนุฏุฉูˆุงู„ู€ .. ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ุฅุญู†ุง ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„

410
00:35:23,860 --> 00:35:28,540
ุจูŠู…ุดูŠ ุจุงู„ุงุชุฌุงู‡ูŠู†ุŒ ุนุฒูŠุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุจุฃูˆู„ slide ุนู† ุงู„ู€

411
00:35:28,540 --> 00:35:32,500
keratin kinase ูˆุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุชู… ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ ู‡ูˆ

412
00:35:32,500 --> 00:35:36,880
ุงู„ู€ reverse reaction ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ูˆุงุถุญ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡

413
00:35:36,880 --> 00:35:40,500
ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ keratin phosphate ู…ุน ุงู„ู€

414
00:35:40,500 --> 00:35:43,200
ADP ููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู€ keratin kinase ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง keratin ูˆ

415
00:35:43,200 --> 00:35:48,060
ATPุงู„ู€ ATP ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู†ุชุฌ ุจุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€

416
00:35:48,060 --> 00:35:50,680
glucose ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจุงู„ู€ reagent ูˆ ููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู€

417
00:35:50,680 --> 00:35:56,060
hexokinase ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ADP ูˆ glucose 6-phosphate ุงู„ู€

418
00:35:56,060 --> 00:35:59,520
glucose 6-phosphate ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู†ุชุฌุฉ ุชู‡ุงู† ู…ุน .. ุทุจุนุง ููŠ

419
00:35:59,520 --> 00:36:04,620
ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู€ 1-NADB ูˆ ููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฃู†ุฒุงู… G6PD ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ 6

420
00:36:04,620 --> 00:36:11,700
-phosphogluconate ูˆ NADPH ูˆ ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ

421
00:36:11,700 --> 00:36:18,560
ุงู„ู€ NADPH ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู… ู‚ูŠุงุณู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ 340 ู†ุงู†ูˆู…ุชุฑ ุจูŠู„ุงู†

422
00:36:18,560 --> 00:36:24,900
ุงู„ู€ NADPH ู‡ู†ุง ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ NADPH ุชุนูƒุณ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ Creatine kinase

423
00:36:24,900 --> 00:36:31,630
ุงู„ู€ Creatine kinase ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุงู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ sample 

424
00:36:31,630 --> 00:36:38,430
Reference Interval ู„ู€ Total CK ููŠ ุงู„ู€ 115 ู„ 160

425
00:36:38,430 --> 00:36:41,410
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Unit per Liter ูˆ International Unit per

426
00:36:41,410 --> 00:36:47,590
Liter ุนู„ู‰ 37 ููŠ 115 ู„ 130 ูˆุงู„ู€ CKMB ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง

427
00:36:47,590 --> 00:36:52,510
ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† 6% ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Total Creatine Kinase

428
00:36:57,810 --> 00:37:00,470
ุทูŠุจ ุงุญู†ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู€ Creatine kinase

429
00:37:00,470 --> 00:37:06,050
ู…ุฑุชูุน ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ูุญุต ุงู„ู€ Iso enzymes ุนุดุงู† ู†ุดูˆู ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†

430
00:37:06,050 --> 00:37:11,730
ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุจุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุฃูˆ ู„ุง ูˆ ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… Immunoassay ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…

431
00:37:11,730 --> 00:37:16,170
Antibodies ูˆุงู„ู€ Antibodies ู‡ูŠ ุฏูŠ against both the

432
00:37:16,170 --> 00:37:24,470
M and B subunits ุงู„ู€ Anti-M inhibits all M activity

433
00:37:24,470 --> 00:37:30,990
but not B activity ุทุจุนู‹ุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ Anti-M

434
00:37:30,990 --> 00:37:37,130
Antibody ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ู„ูŠ Inhibition ู„ู€ M Inhibits

435
00:37:37,130 --> 00:37:41,490
all M activity ุงู„ู€ Seeking activity is measured

436
00:37:41,490 --> 00:37:48,470
before and after inhibition activity remaining

437
00:37:48,470 --> 00:37:53,010
after M inhibition is a result of the B subunit of

438
00:37:53,010 --> 00:37:57,430
both MB and BB activity 

439
00:38:00,790 --> 00:38:06,930
ุงู„ู€ Activity ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ู€ Inhibition ูŠุชู… ุนู…ู„ู‡ ุจู€ 2 ู„ุฅุนุชู…ุงุฏ

440
00:38:06,930 --> 00:38:14,430
ุงู„ู€ MB activity ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจู†ุถุฑุจ ุจู€ 2 ุนุดุงู† ู†ุนูˆุถ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ 50%

441
00:38:14,430 --> 00:38:19,850
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตุงุฑ ู„ู‡ุง Inhibition ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู†ุง ู„ู€ Anti-M

442
00:38:23,350 --> 00:38:26,810
ุงู„ู…ูุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชุชูƒุชุดู

443
00:38:26,810 --> 00:38:29,490
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ BB ุงู„ุชูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุบู… ู…ู† ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุบูŠุฑ ู…ู…ูƒู†ุฉ ุชุชูƒุชุดู

444
00:38:29,490 --> 00:38:32,850
ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ุณุชุณุจุจ ููŠ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุงู„ู€ MB ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ูŠุฉ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง 

445
00:38:32,850 --> 00:38:38,050
ูŠุชูˆุงุฌุฏ ุงู„ู€ BB ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงุญู†ุง

446
00:38:38,050 --> 00:38:46,750
ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Sample ุนู†ุฏู†ุง

447
00:38:46,750 --> 00:38:47,410
ุงู„ู€ MM

448
00:38:49,900 --> 00:38:58,540
ูˆุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ MB ูˆุนุงุฏุฉ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ู€ BB ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Very Low

449
00:38:58,540 --> 00:39:03,240
Concentration ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุงุณุชุฎุฏู…ู†ุง

450
00:39:03,240 --> 00:39:11,900
Anti-M Antibody ุจูŠู‡ุฏู ุนู…ู„ ู„ูŠ Inhibition ู„ู€ CKMM

451
00:39:11,900 --> 00:39:18,380
ุฃุชูˆุจูˆุง ู„ุจูŠุจุชุงูŠุฏ ุตุงุฑ ู„ู‡ู… Inhibition ุจุงู„ู€ CKMB 

452
00:39:18,380 --> 00:39:25,700
Anti-M ุนู…ู„ Inhibition ู„ู€ M polypeptide ุทูŠุจ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ B ..

453
00:39:25,700 --> 00:39:32,160
ุงู„ู€ B ุธู„ุช ุงู„ู€ Activity ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุทุจุนู‹ุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅูŠุด

454
00:39:32,160 --> 00:39:38,460
ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ุจู†ูŠุฌูŠ ุจู†ู‚ูŠุณ ุงู„ู€ Activity ู„ู€ Sample ุงู„ู„ูŠ

455
00:39:38,460 --> 00:39:43,680
ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุจุฏูˆู† ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู€ Anti-M Antibody 

456
00:39:48,250 --> 00:39:54,710
ูˆุซุงู†ูŠ ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ู€ Antibody ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€

457
00:39:54,710 --> 00:39:59,950
Anti-M ุจุฃูˆู„ ู‚ูŠุงุณ ู„ู€ Activity ุจุฏูˆู† ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฃูŠ 

458
00:39:59,950 --> 00:40:04,890
Antibodies ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจู†ุถูŠู ุงู„ู€ Anti-M ูˆุจู†ู‚ูŠุณ ุงู„ู€ 

459
00:40:04,890 --> 00:40:13,690
Activity ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุทุจุนู‹ุง ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู€ Residual Activity

460
00:40:16,750 --> 00:40:21,490
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ุจู†ู‚ูŠุณ ุงู„ู€ Activity ู‚ุจู„ ุนุดุงู†

461
00:40:21,490 --> 00:40:24,170
ู†ุดูˆู ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ููŠ ุงู„ู€ CK ูˆู„ุง ู„ุง ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู†

462
00:40:24,170 --> 00:40:29,770
ุจู†ุถูŠู ุงู„ู€ Anti-M ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุชุนู…ู„ Inhibition ู„ู€ M M ูˆู‡

463
00:40:29,770 --> 00:40:34,850
ุชุนู…ู„ Inhibition ู„ู€ M ู„ูƒู† ู‡ูŠุธู„ ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ B ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Active

464
00:40:34,850 --> 00:40:39,210
ูˆุนู„ู‰ ูุฑุถ ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Concentration Very Very Low

465
00:40:39,210 --> 00:40:43,130
ุชู…ุงู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Activity ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุชุทู„ุน ู‡ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ Activity

466
00:40:43,130 --> 00:40:47,810
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ MB ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ู€ Activity ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู‚ูŠ 

467
00:40:47,810 --> 00:40:51,990
Residual Activity after Inhibition ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ

468
00:40:51,990 --> 00:40:58,170
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ B ุจู†ูŠุฌูŠ ุจู†ุถุฑุจู‡ุง ุจู€ 2 ุนุดุงู† ุนู…ู„ู†ุง

469
00:40:58,170 --> 00:41:01,770
ุงุญู†ุง Inhibition ู„ู„ู€ M ูˆู‚ุตู†ุง ูู‚ุท ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ B

470
00:41:01,770 --> 00:41:05,630
Activity ุจู†ุถุฑุจ ุจู€ 2 ุนุดุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ู„ู„ู€ B

471
00:41:05,630 --> 00:41:10,450
ูˆุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ู„ู„ู€ M Activity The Residual Activity

472
00:41:10,450 --> 00:41:13,390
After Inhibition is multiplied by two to account

473
00:41:13,390 --> 00:41:19,270
for MB Activity ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูˆูŠู† 

474
00:41:19,270 --> 00:41:25,490
ุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุฅู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ BB Activity ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ

475
00:41:25,490 --> 00:41:32,150
ูˆุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุทูŠุจ

476
00:41:32,150 --> 00:41:37,010
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุฃู† ู†ู‚ูŠุณ ุงู„ู€ CK-Isoenzymes ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู€ 

477
00:41:37,010 --> 00:41:41,610
Electrophoresis ูˆุงู„ู€ Electrophoresis ุชุนุชุจุฑ The

478
00:41:41,610 --> 00:41:46,400
Reference Method ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุฑุถู‡ ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… Ion Exchange

479
00:41:46,400 --> 00:41:49,540
Chromatography ุฃูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… Radio Immunoassay

480
00:41:49,540 --> 00:41:53,160
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ Antigen Antibody Reaction

481
00:41:53,160 --> 00:41:59,220
Rapid Assay for CK-MB subforms uses high-voltage

482
00:41:59,220 --> 00:42:02,620
Electrophoresis on an automated analyzer. The

483
00:42:02,620 --> 00:42:05,520
result will be available in 25 minutes

484
00:42:07,970 --> 00:42:14,430
ูˆูŠู…ูƒู‘ู† ููŠ ุฎู„ุงู„ 25 ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ูŠุฏุด ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุงู„ู€ CK ุฅู†

485
00:42:14,430 --> 00:42:19,330
ุจูŠู‡ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุฅู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ CK ู…ุฑุชูุน

486
00:42:19,330 --> 00:42:24,410
ุทุจุนู‹ุง ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏู‹ุง ุนุงู… ู„ู„ูˆู‚ุช ููŠ

487
00:42:24,410 --> 00:42:29,350
ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ Myocardial Infarction ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏู‹ุง ูˆูƒู„ ู…ุง ูƒุงู†

488
00:42:29,350 --> 00:42:35,010
ุฅู†ู‡ ูุญุต ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃุณุฑุน ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู†

489
00:42:35,010 --> 00:42:38,290
ููŠ ู…ุตู„ุญุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ูˆ ุตุงุฑ ููŠู‡ End Diagnosis

490
00:42:38,290 --> 00:42:45,550
ู‡ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ุชุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ุจุงุดุฑ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠู‚ู„ู„

491
00:42:45,550 --> 00:42:50,030
ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ูˆูุงุฉ