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ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ fractionation, identification and
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quantitation of specific proteins ุทุจุนุง ุจูƒูŠู ู…ู…ูƒู†
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ู†ุญุฏุฏ ุงู„ู€ fractions ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ proteins ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
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ููŠ ุงู„ู€ serum ุงู„ุขู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู€ ratio ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€
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proteins ูˆู†ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ albumin to globulin
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ratio ูˆุญุณุงุจ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ ratio ูุนู„ูŠุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ู†ุญุตู„
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ุนู„ู‰ useful diagnostic information. A significant
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change in the ratio can point to specific diseases.
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ูˆุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ุชุบูŠุฑ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุฑุชุจุท
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ููŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุจุนุถ specific diseases. ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุขู†
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ูƒูŠู ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุณุจ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ ratioุŸ ุงู„ุขู† ุงุญู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุฃู† ุงู„ู€
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total protein ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† albumin ุฒุงุฆุฏ globulins.
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ุงู„ู€ total protein ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ albumin ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงู„ู€
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globulins. ุทูŠุจ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงุญู†ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุดูˆู ูƒู…ูŠุฉ
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ุงู„ู€ globulins ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู€
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total protein ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู€ albumin ูˆู†ุทุฑุญ
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total protein ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ู€ albumin ูˆู…ู†ู‡ุง ู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
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globulins. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุญุณุจู†ุง ุดุบู„ุชูŠู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุณุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง
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analysis ูˆุญุฏุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ concentration ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ proteins
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ total protein ูˆ ุงู„ู€ albumin ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุณุจ
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ globulin. ุฃูˆู„ู‹ุง ุญุณุจู†ุง ุงู„ู€ total protein ูˆ
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ุงู„ู€ globulins ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุณุจ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ albumin
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ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ. ุงู„ุขู† ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุญุฏุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ total protein ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
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ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู€ Biuret reagent ูˆ ุญุฏุฏู†ุง ูƒู…ูŠุฉ
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ุงู„ู€ albumin ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… reagent ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุณู…ู‰
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ุจุฑูˆู…ูˆูƒุฑูŠุฒูˆู„ ุฌุฑูŠู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุณุจ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ globulin
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ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู€ albumin to globulin ratio.
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ุงู„ุขู† ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุชุญุฏูŠุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ ratio ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ูŠ
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diagnostic significance. The albumin to globulin ratio may
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reflect ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ ratio ูŠุจู‚ู‰
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ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุจุณุจุจ ุงู„ู€ over production of globulins.
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ุฅุฐุง ุงู†ุฎูุถุช ุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุฒูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุจุณุท ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ู‚ุงู… ุฅุฐุง
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ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงู… ุงู„ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุชุจุนุชู‡ ุฒุงุฏุช ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุงู„ู€ ratio ู‡ุชู†ุฎูุถ.
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ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงู… ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ globulins ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุฒุงุฏ
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ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ู„ู€ globulins ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ
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ููŠ ุงู„ู€ ratio ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูˆูŠู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑุŸ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช
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ุงู„ู€ multiple myeloma ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ autoimmune
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diseases. ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุขู† ุดุบู„ุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰
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ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ุงู„ู€ ratio ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุจุณุท ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู€
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concentration ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุฉุŒ ุณุชู‚ู„ ุงู„ู€ ratio ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ
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00:03:27,840 --> 00:03:31,920
ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู€ cirrhosis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชู„ูŠู ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ
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ุฃูŠุถุง selective loss of albumin from the
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circulation as may occur with kidney disease. ุงู‡ ููŠ
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ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู† ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ูƒู„ู‰ ูŠุณู…ู‰ nephrotic syndrome
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ูˆุฅูŠู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุฃู†ู‡ ูู‚ุฏ ู„ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ูˆุงู„ูƒู…ูŠุฉ
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ุงู„ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ proteins ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู†ูู‚ุฏู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ albumin
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ุชู…ุงู…. ุจูŠุฌูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุฃู†ู‡ ูู‚ุฏ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู„ู€
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ุงู„ู€ albumin ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠู†ุฎูุถ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ ุจุณุท ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€
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ratio ุฃูŠุถุง ู‡ุชู‚ู„. ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุญุงู„ุงุช ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
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ุงู„ู€ albumin to globulin ratio ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจุฏู‰ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ
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ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ under production of immunoglobulins ุงู†ู‡
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ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุงู†ู‡ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ globulins ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆ ุถู…ู† ุงู„ู€
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globulins ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ immunoglobulins ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
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antibodies ุงู‡ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู†ุฎูุถ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰
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ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ุงู„ุฑุงุดูŠูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ุชุฑุชูุน. ูˆ ุงู„ู€ under production of
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immunoglobulins may be seen in some genetic
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deficiencies and in some leukemias. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุจุนุถ
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ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
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concentration ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ immunoglobulins ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ
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ุณุฑุทุงู† ุงู„ุฏู…. ุทุจุนุง ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ ratio ุงู„ู€ normal ratio ุงู„ู€
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albumin ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ globulins ู‡ูŠ 1.24 ู„ู€ 2.36. ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ normal
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ratio. ุทูŠุจุŒ
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ุงู„ุขู† ูƒูŠู ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงุญู†ุง ู†ูุตู„ ุงู„ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงุชุŸ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ูุตู„
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ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ salt fractionation
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Fractionation of proteins done using precipitation
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ูŠุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… concentration ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู…ู„ุงุญ ู…ู†
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ุงู„ู€ salts ู†ุนู…ู„ precipitation ู„ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ proteins
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ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ูˆูŠุธู„ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ supernatant ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ูˆ
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ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… concentration ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ salts ุงู‡ ู‡ูŠุจุฏุฃ
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ุงู„ู€ globulin ุชุชุฑุณุจ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ู…ุง ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ู†ุฏูˆุจ salt ููŠ
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ุงู„ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุฐุงุฆุจุฉ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ู‡ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู€
72
00:06:02,950 --> 00:06:08,130
salt ูŠุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ bonds ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุชูƒูˆู†ุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
73
00:06:08,130 --> 00:06:13,910
ูˆุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ solvent ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู‡ูŠุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู€ ... ุงู„ู€ ... ุงู„ุฃู…ู„ุงุญ
74
00:06:13,910 --> 00:06:18,140
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุจุฏุฃ ุชุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ ... ุงู„ู€ solvent ุชู…ุงู… ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ
75
00:06:18,140 --> 00:06:22,100
ุชุงุฎุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ bonds ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ูˆุจูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง
76
00:06:22,100 --> 00:06:25,700
ุงู„ู€ solvent ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠุจุฏุฃ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู†ุง ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
77
00:06:25,700 --> 00:06:29,520
interaction ูˆู‡ูŠุจุฏุฃ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู†ุง precipitation
78
00:06:29,520 --> 00:06:36,200
ู„ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†. ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุงู† ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุชุญูƒู… ููŠ ุงู„ู€ concentration
79
00:06:36,200 --> 00:06:39,540
ู„ู„ู€ salt ูŠุนู†ูŠ different salt concentrations ู…ู…ูƒู†
80
00:06:39,540 --> 00:06:44,680
ูŠุนู…ู„ู„ูŠ precipitation ู„ู€ different proteins. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€
81
00:06:44,680 --> 00:06:48,820
globulins are separated from by salting out
82
00:06:48,820 --> 00:06:53,640
using sodium salt to cause precipitation of
83
00:06:53,640 --> 00:06:59,620
the globulins. ุจู‡ูŠูƒ ุงุญู†ุง ุฑุณุจู†ุง ุงู„ู€ globulins ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ
84
00:06:59,620 --> 00:07:05,160
ุจูŠุธู„ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ supernatant ุงู„ู€ albumin ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
85
00:07:05,160 --> 00:07:10,180
ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ ุงู„ู€ albumin ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู†ู‚ูŠุฒู‡ ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู€ routine
86
00:07:10,180 --> 00:07:15,250
total protein method ุชู…ุงู… ู„ุฃู† ุงุญู†ุง ุงู„ุขู† ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†
87
00:07:15,250 --> 00:07:18,950
ุฃุฎุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ supernatant ูˆุงุณุชุฎุฏู…ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„
88
00:07:18,950 --> 00:07:20,890
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุทุจุนุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
89
00:07:20,890 --> 00:07:24,890
Biuret reagent ูˆู‚ุตู†ุง ุงู„ู€ total protein ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡
90
00:07:24,890 --> 00:07:29,070
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ total protein ู‡ูŠู…ุซู„ ูู‚ุท ุงู„ู€ albumin ุงู„ู„ูŠ
91
00:07:29,070 --> 00:07:31,430
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ supernatant.
92
00:07:33,290 --> 00:07:37,370
ุงู„ุณู„ุทุฉ ู„ูŠุณุช ู…ุณุชุนู…ู„ุฉ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู„ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุทุฑู‚ ู…ุณุชุนู…ู„ุฉ
93
00:07:37,370 --> 00:07:42,850
ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ albumin ููŠ ู…ุฒูŠุฌ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ protein ูŠู…ูƒู†
94
00:07:42,850 --> 00:07:52,030
ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุง ุญุงู„ูŠู‹ุง ู„ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุฌุงู„ ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู… ูŠุณู…ู‰ ุจุฑูˆู…ูˆ
95
00:07:52,030 --> 00:07:53,250
ูƒุฑูŠุฒูˆู„ ุฌุฑูŠู†.
96
00:07:59,790 --> 00:08:02,910
ุงู„ุฃู„ุจูˆู…ูŠู† ู…ูŠุฌุฑู…ู†ุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฌู‡ุฉ ุฏูŠ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฒูŠ
97
00:08:02,910 --> 00:08:06,610
ู…ุง ุดูˆูู†ุง ุฃู†ู‡ ุชูˆูŠ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง separation ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ globulins ุนู†
98
00:08:06,610 --> 00:08:09,890
ุงู„ุฃู„ุจูˆู…ูŠู†. ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุขู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู‚ูŠุณ ุงู„ู€ albumin.
99
00:08:09,890 --> 00:08:12,310
Measurement: Most widely used methods for
100
00:08:12,310 --> 00:08:15,950
determining albumin are dye binding procedures. ุฒูŠ
101
00:08:15,950 --> 00:08:23,190
ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ bromocresol green. pH
102
00:08:23,190 --> 00:08:26,690
of the solution is adjusted so that albumin is
103
00:08:26,690 --> 00:08:32,790
positively charged. ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู€ pH ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุณุงุจู‚ุง
104
00:08:32,790 --> 00:08:35,590
ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ pH ุจุชุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุดุญู†ุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰
105
00:08:35,590 --> 00:08:45,250
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ reagent ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€
106
00:08:45,250 --> 00:08:52,330
pH ุจุชุงุนุชู‡ ุชุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ albumin positively charged. ุงู„ุขู†
107
00:08:52,330 --> 00:08:56,650
ุงู„ู€ albumin ุงู„ู„ูŠ positively charged ู‡ูŠู†ุฌุฐุจ ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ dye
108
00:08:56,650 --> 00:09:00,800
ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู‡ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ is attracted to and binds to an
109
00:09:00,800 --> 00:09:04,180
anionic dye ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ bromocresol green ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญุงูƒูŠู†ุง
110
00:09:04,180 --> 00:09:09,140
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง. By electrostatic forces. ุงู„ุขู† ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุงู„ู€ albumin
111
00:09:09,140 --> 00:09:13,140
ู…ุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ dye ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ูŠุนู…ู„ ู„ูŠ shift ููŠ ุงู„ู€ absorption
112
00:09:13,140 --> 00:09:18,070
maximum ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ dye. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ free dye ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€
113
00:09:18,070 --> 00:09:22,910
maximum absorbance ุจุฎุชู„ู ุนู† ุงู„ู€ dye ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ู…ุน
114
00:09:22,910 --> 00:09:30,690
ุงู„ู€ albumin. ูˆุนู†ุฏ 515 ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ maximum absorbance ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€
115
00:09:30,690 --> 00:09:34,150
dye ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ุง ู„ูƒู† ู„ู…ุง ุชุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ albumin ุจุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
116
00:09:34,150 --> 00:09:38,590
shift ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ absorbance ูˆุจุตูŠุฑ 620.
117
00:09:40,840 --> 00:09:44,100
ุจุฌู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุณุจ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ albumin
118
00:09:44,100 --> 00:09:47,800
concentration ูˆุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู€ Biuret reagent ู†ุญุณุจ
119
00:09:47,800 --> 00:09:52,020
ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ total protein ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ู€
120
00:09:52,020 --> 00:09:55,080
total protein ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ albumin ูˆู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ globulins.
121
00:09:55,080 --> 00:10:00,340
ุนุดุงู† ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ู€ albumin to globulin ratio. ุทูŠุจุŒ ุงู„ุขู†
122
00:10:00,340 --> 00:10:05,530
ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู€ total globulins ูˆู†ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู€
123
00:10:05,530 --> 00:10:08,930
Total Protein ูˆู†ุทุฑุญ ุงู„ู€ Total Protein ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Total
124
00:10:08,930 --> 00:10:12,830
Globulins ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Albumin. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ another
125
00:10:12,830 --> 00:10:15,930
approach to fractionation of proteins is the
126
00:10:15,930 --> 00:10:21,330
measurement of total globulins. Albumin can then be
127
00:10:21,330 --> 00:10:23,610
calculated ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุง by subtraction of the
128
00:10:23,610 --> 00:10:29,410
globulin from total protein. ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู€ Total
129
00:10:29,410 --> 00:10:33,350
Globulin Level ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… Glycosidic Acid.
130
00:10:34,630 --> 00:10:41,430
ูˆุงู„ุฌู„ูŠูƒูˆุฒูŠู„ูŠูƒ ุฃุณูŠุฏ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ุชุฑูŠุจุชูˆูุงู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
131
00:10:41,430 --> 00:10:45,470
ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆุจูŠูˆู„ูŠู†. ุนูŠุจุฌุฉ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจุฑุชุจุท ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ tryptophan ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
132
00:10:45,470 --> 00:10:54,350
ุจุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ูˆุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ purple color. ุงู„ู€ albumin
133
00:10:54,350 --> 00:10:59,470
ู„ุฏูŠู‡ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง 0.2% ุชุฑูŠุจุชูˆูุงู†. ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุฃู†ู‡
134
00:10:59,470 --> 00:11:03,550
ุจุงู„ุฃู„ุจูˆู…ูŠู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู€ tryptophan ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ุฌุฏุงุŒ 0.2%.
135
00:11:03,550 --> 00:11:09,770
ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู€ tryptophan ููŠ ุงู„ู€ globulins ุจุชู…ุซู„ 2 ุฅู„ู‰ 3%.
136
00:11:09,770 --> 00:11:14,950
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุจูƒุซูŠุฑ. When calibrated using
137
00:11:14,950 --> 00:11:20,670
serum of known albumin and globulin concentrations
138
00:11:20,670 --> 00:11:26,150
the total globulins can be determined. Measurement
139
00:11:26,150 --> 00:11:28,770
of globulins based on their tryptophan content
140
00:11:28,770 --> 00:11:32,450
has never come into common use. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ุด
141
00:11:32,450 --> 00:11:37,230
ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ู„ูŠุด ุฃุฑูˆุญ ู„ุทุฑู‚ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุตุนุจุฉ ูˆ
142
00:11:37,230 --> 00:11:40,990
ู…ุนู‚ุฏุฉ ู…ุฒุงู„ ุฃู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ููŠู‡ ุทุฑู‚ ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ bio
143
00:11:40,990 --> 00:11:43,810
-retreat agent ูˆ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ bromocresol-green
144
00:11:43,810 --> 00:11:47,690
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ two methods ุจุณูŠุทูŠู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃู†ุง ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ู…
145
00:11:47,690 --> 00:11:51,310
ุฃุญุณุจ ุงู„ total protein ุฃุญุณุจ ุงู„ albumen ูˆ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุฃุญุณุจ
146
00:11:51,310 --> 00:11:55,210
ุงู„ globulins ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฃุญุณุจ ุงู„ albumin tooglobulin
147
00:11:55,210 --> 00:12:00,310
ratio ุทูŠุจุŒ
148
00:12:00,310 --> 00:12:06,690
ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุชุบูŠุฑุงุช ููŠ fraction ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
149
00:12:06,690 --> 00:12:11,950
ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ู…ุนูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุบูŠุฑ ุฃูˆ ูŠุนู…ู„
150
00:12:11,950 --> 00:12:18,630
abnormality ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุงู„ุขู† ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ Serum
151
00:12:18,630 --> 00:12:21,170
Protein Concentration ูˆุงู„ู€ Proportions Of The
152
00:12:21,170 --> 00:12:26,290
Individual Protein Fractions ุชู…ุงู… ู…ู…ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ
153
00:12:26,290 --> 00:12:34,430
ูŠุชุบูŠุฑ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุณุจุจ ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุขู†
154
00:12:34,430 --> 00:12:36,790
when abnormality is found in the total protein
155
00:12:36,790 --> 00:12:40,610
other techniques can be used ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุฃู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ
156
00:12:40,610 --> 00:12:43,390
ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ total protein ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†
157
00:12:43,390 --> 00:12:48,750
ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนุงู…ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅู†ู‡ ุฒูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ
158
00:12:48,750 --> 00:12:52,160
liver disease ู…ุซู„ุง ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ liver disease ูุฃูƒูŠุฏ ููŠ
159
00:12:52,160 --> 00:12:55,920
ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ proteins ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง malnutrition
160
00:12:55,920 --> 00:12:59,820
ุนู†ุฏูŠ malabsorption ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุญูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
161
00:12:59,820 --> 00:13:04,700
decrease ููŠ ุงู„ proteins ูƒูƒู„ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุจุนุถ
162
00:13:04,700 --> 00:13:07,300
ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ total protein
163
00:13:07,300 --> 00:13:11,460
concentration abnormal ู…ุด ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ุชู…ุงู… ู„ูƒู† ู…ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠุด
164
00:13:11,460 --> 00:13:16,040
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ ุงู„
165
00:13:16,040 --> 00:13:19,400
total protein abnormal ู‡ูˆ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ protein
166
00:13:19,400 --> 00:13:28,760
ู…ุนูŠู† ุชู…ุงู… ุณูˆุงุก ุจุฅู†ู‡ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุฃูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ููŠ ู†ู‚ุต ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุขู†
167
00:13:28,760 --> 00:13:33,300
ุนุดุงู† ู†ุญุฏุฏ ุงุญู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุฃูŠ protein ุจู†ุนู…ู„
168
00:13:33,300 --> 00:13:36,860
electrophoresis ุจู†ุนู…ู„ serum protein
169
00:13:36,860 --> 00:13:38,800
electrophoresis
170
00:13:40,970 --> 00:13:45,290
ูˆุงู„ุขู† ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ Ectophoresis ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ุงู„
171
00:13:45,290 --> 00:13:49,750
proteins ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ serum ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† peak
172
00:13:49,750 --> 00:13:54,290
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุดูู†ุง ููŠู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ pre albumin ูˆุงู„ุฃู„ุจูˆู…ูŠู† ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู†
173
00:13:54,290 --> 00:13:58,810
ููŠู†ุง ุงู„ alpha 1 ูˆ ุงู„ alpha 2 ูˆ ุงู„ beta ูˆ ุงู„ gamma
174
00:13:58,810 --> 00:14:02,050
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจู†ู‚ุณู… ุงุญู†ุง ุงู„ proteins ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุฅู„ู‰
175
00:14:02,050 --> 00:14:07,960
different fractions ูˆุงู„ุขู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
176
00:14:07,960 --> 00:14:12,920
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุฃุณู‡ู„ ุฅู†ู‡ ุฃุดูˆู ุฃู†ุง ุฃูŠ fraction ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ุง
177
00:14:12,920 --> 00:14:18,120
ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ abnormal ูˆุงุจุฏุฃ ุฃุฑูƒุฒ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ูˆุฃุดูˆู ูˆูŠู†
178
00:14:18,120 --> 00:14:22,760
ุจุงู„ุถุจุท ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆููŠ ุฃูŠ protein ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆุถู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡
179
00:14:22,760 --> 00:14:26,300
ุงู„ fraction ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
180
00:14:29,260 --> 00:14:33,400
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ Electrophoresis ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุญุฏุฏ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง
181
00:14:33,400 --> 00:14:38,180
ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุฃูŠ fraction ูˆุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุจุฏุฃ ุฃู†ุง
182
00:14:38,180 --> 00:14:41,920
ุทุจุนุง ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
183
00:14:41,920 --> 00:14:45,640
symptoms ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ history ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุฃุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„
184
00:14:45,640 --> 00:14:48,680
ุงู„ immunological techniques ู„ different
185
00:14:48,680 --> 00:14:52,660
proteins ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ fraction ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุทุจุนุง
186
00:14:52,660 --> 00:14:56,060
ููŠู‡ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ abnormal
187
00:15:04,310 --> 00:15:08,610
ุชู…ุงู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ .. ุนู…ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ total protein ุงู„
188
00:15:08,610 --> 00:15:11,450
total protein ุทู„ุนุช abnormal ุงุฌูŠู†ุง ุนู…ู„ู†ุง
189
00:15:11,450 --> 00:15:17,670
electrophoresis ูˆู‚ุณู…ู†ุง ุฃูˆ ูุตู„ู†ุง ุงู„ fractions
190
00:15:17,670 --> 00:15:22,390
ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุงู„ุขู† ุจุดูˆู ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ .. ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจุฃูŠ
191
00:15:22,390 --> 00:15:26,050
fraction ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู‡ู„ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ albumุŸ ู‡ู„ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
192
00:15:26,050 --> 00:15:27,910
ุจุงู„ alpha oneุŸ ุจุงู„ alpha twoุŸ ุจุงู„ beta ุฃูˆ ุจุงู„
193
00:15:27,910 --> 00:15:31,970
gammaุŸ ูˆุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจุงู„ู€Alpha
194
00:15:31,970 --> 00:15:35,610
-1 ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจู†ุฑูƒุฒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€Alpha-1 ูˆุฅูŠุด
195
00:15:35,610 --> 00:15:40,030
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุฒ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจุงู„ู€Alpha-1 ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅูŠุด
196
00:15:40,030 --> 00:15:43,390
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃู†ุง ุฃู‚ูŠุณู‡ุง ูˆุฃุดูˆู ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠู‡ุง
197
00:15:43,390 --> 00:15:50,690
ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ู„ุฃ A quantitation of total serum protein
198
00:15:50,690 --> 00:15:53,970
and its individual fractions is of value on the
199
00:15:53,970 --> 00:15:57,430
diagnosis of certain acute and chronic disorders
200
00:15:58,800 --> 00:16:01,220
Plasma proteins are often still classified into
201
00:16:01,220 --> 00:16:04,840
groups according to their electrophoretic mobility
202
00:16:04,840 --> 00:16:08,900
ูƒู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฃู„ุจูˆู… ุงู„ู€ ฮฑ1 ูˆ ุงู„ู€ ฮฑ2 ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Beta ูˆ
203
00:16:08,900 --> 00:16:13,420
ุงู„ู€ Gamma ุงู„ุขู† ุงุญู†ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ separation
204
00:16:13,420 --> 00:16:19,120
ู„ุณูŠุฑู… ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ Serum protein electrophoresis ุทุจ ู„ูŠุด
205
00:16:19,120 --> 00:16:23,500
ู…ุง ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุด ู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ electrophoresis
206
00:16:23,500 --> 00:16:27,480
ู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุฉ ูˆูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู†ุง plasma protein electrophoresis
207
00:16:28,840 --> 00:16:34,060
ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ Plasma ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ Fibrinogen ุงู„ู€
208
00:16:34,060 --> 00:16:39,560
Plasma ุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Fibrinogen ูˆู„ู…ุง ุจู†ูŠุฌูŠ ุจู†ุนู…ู„
209
00:16:39,560 --> 00:16:43,480
Separation ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู€ Electrophoresis ู„ .. ูˆ ุงู„ู€
210
00:16:43,480 --> 00:16:50,200
Plasma Proteins ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ Band ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Beta Region ูˆ
211
00:16:50,200 --> 00:16:56,480
ุงู„ู€ Band ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชู… ุชุดุฎูŠุตู‡ุง ุฎุทุฃ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅู†ู‡ุง
212
00:16:56,480 --> 00:17:01,640
Paraprotein ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุธู‡ุฑ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ multiple myeloma
213
00:17:01,640 --> 00:17:07,560
ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ serum ุจุฏู„ ุงู„ plasma ู„ุฃู† ุงู„
214
00:17:07,560 --> 00:17:10,780
serum ุทุจุนุง ุตุงุฑ ููŠ excluding ูˆุงุชุฎู„ุตู†ุง ู…ู†
215
00:17:10,780 --> 00:17:15,160
ุงู„ููŠุจุฑูŠู†ูˆุฌูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง
216
00:17:15,160 --> 00:17:19,860
ุนู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ normal serum protein electrophoresis
217
00:17:19,860 --> 00:17:25,000
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒูŠู ุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ bands ูˆู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู„
218
00:17:25,000 --> 00:17:30,990
plasma ุดุงูŠููŠู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู„ plasma ุธู‡ุฑุช ุฅู† ุจูŠูƒ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ
219
00:17:30,990 --> 00:17:35,590
ุงู„ู€ beta ุชู…ุงู… ูˆุงู„ุจูŠูƒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุดุจู‡ ู„ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุงู„ุจูŠูƒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
220
00:17:35,590 --> 00:17:40,530
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุธู‡ุฑ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ multiple myeloma ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ
221
00:17:40,530 --> 00:17:47,970
ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ serum ูˆู…ุด ุงู„ plasma ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ
222
00:17:47,970 --> 00:17:50,650
ู‡ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ serum protein
223
00:17:50,650 --> 00:17:54,430
electrophoresis ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† simple technique for
224
00:17:54,430 --> 00:18:00,450
separating serum proteins ูˆุงู„ู€ Solid Support ุงู„ู„ูŠ
225
00:18:00,450 --> 00:18:04,750
ุจู†ุฑูˆุญ ู†ุญุท ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… cellulose acetate ุฃูˆ
226
00:18:04,750 --> 00:18:12,410
agarose gel ูˆุทุจุนุง ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ Electrophoresis ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
227
00:18:12,410 --> 00:18:16,670
ููŠู‡ Separation ู„ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจุงู„ุฏู… ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃู‚ุณุงู… ู…ู†
228
00:18:16,670 --> 00:18:20,410
Alpha 1, Alpha 2, Beta and Gamma Globulins
229
00:18:23,300 --> 00:18:26,740
ุทุจุนุง Electrophoresis ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุงู„ูƒู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุฎุฐ ูˆุนุงุฑู ุนู†ู‡
230
00:18:26,740 --> 00:18:33,100
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุชู… ุทุจุนุง ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ ูุตู„ ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุทุจุนุง
231
00:18:33,100 --> 00:18:39,420
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุจุชุญู…ู„ ุดุญู†ุงุช ุชู…ุงู… ูˆุงู„ุดุญู†ุงุช
232
00:18:39,420 --> 00:18:44,220
ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ size ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุนู„ู‰ ูุตู„ู‡ุง
233
00:18:44,220 --> 00:18:50,720
ุฅู„ู‰ ุทุจุนุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ ุงู„ ุงู„ bands ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญูƒูŠู†ุงู‡ุง
234
00:18:55,040 --> 00:19:00,760
ุจุงู„ุนุงุฏุฉุŒ buffer ู‚ู„ูˆูŠ pH 8.6 ูŠุณู…ุญ ุจุชุญุฑูŠูƒ ู„ุฌู‡ุฉ
235
00:19:00,760 --> 00:19:05,400
ุงู„ู€ anode ุจุณุจุจ ุชุญุฑูŠูƒ ู†ุช charge ุณุงู„ุจ ู„ุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช
236
00:19:05,400 --> 00:19:16,500
ุงู„ู€ serum buffer 8.6 ูŠุฌุนู„ ุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุชุญู…ู„
237
00:19:16,500 --> 00:19:22,050
ู†ูˆุน ุดุญู†ุฉ ุณุงู„ุจุฉ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุนู…ู„ Electrophoresis
238
00:19:22,050 --> 00:19:29,530
ู‡ุชุชุฌู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ proteins ุจุงุชุฌุงู‡ ุงู„ anode ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„
239
00:19:29,530 --> 00:19:35,530
migration ุฅู† ุฃุณุฑุน ุงู„ protein ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ albumin ุฃูˆ ุทุจุนุง
240
00:19:35,530 --> 00:19:37,530
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ pre albumin ุงู„ู„ูŠ
241
00:19:37,530 --> 00:19:41,690
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู‚ุจู„ู‡ ุทุจุนุง ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ alpha
242
00:19:41,690 --> 00:19:46,150
1 ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ alpha 2 ุงู„ beta ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฃุจุทุฃ
243
00:19:46,150 --> 00:19:54,730
fraction ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Gamma ุจุนุฏ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ Separation ุทุจุนุง
244
00:19:54,730 --> 00:20:00,150
ู…ุด ู‡ู†ู‚ุฏุฑ ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ proteins ุฅู„ุง ุจุนุฏ ุตุจุงุบุชู‡ุง ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ
245
00:20:00,150 --> 00:20:04,490
acid fixed then stained by dyes to visualize on
246
00:20:04,490 --> 00:20:07,130
support media cellulose acetate
247
00:20:11,780 --> 00:20:14,780
ุทุจุนุง ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ู€ densitometer ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
248
00:20:14,780 --> 00:20:20,020
ุญูƒูŠู†ุง ุณุงุจู‚ุง ุนุดุงู† ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ concentration ุฃูˆ ุงู„
249
00:20:20,020 --> 00:20:24,680
percentage ู„ ุงู„ peaks ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ total protein
250
00:20:24,680 --> 00:20:28,940
the
251
00:20:28,940 --> 00:20:31,880
most important diagnostic use of serum protein
252
00:20:31,880 --> 00:20:34,180
electrophoresis is for the recognition of
253
00:20:34,180 --> 00:20:39,250
paraproteins ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ู‡ูŠ ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ุฌุฏุง ููŠ ุงู„ diagnosis
254
00:20:39,250 --> 00:20:44,150
ูˆุงู„ูƒุดู ุนู† ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ proteins ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‚ู„ุช ู‡ูŠ
255
00:20:44,150 --> 00:20:47,430
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ benign ุฃูˆ malignant
256
00:20:47,430 --> 00:20:50,650
gamopathies ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ multiple myeloma
257
00:20:50,650 --> 00:20:57,170
ุจุฑุถู‡ ููŠ ุฅู† disorders ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ ุงู„ ุงู„
258
00:20:57,170 --> 00:21:00,170
protein electrophoresis ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ููŠู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
259
00:21:00,170 --> 00:21:06,120
ู‡ู†ุดูˆู ูƒู…ุงู† ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู‡ูˆ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู„ู„ุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ุฎุทุฑุงุช
260
00:21:06,120 --> 00:21:10,280
ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจุงุชูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠุฉ
261
00:21:10,280 --> 00:21:12,320
ู…ู†ุงุนูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจุงุช ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจุงุช
262
00:21:12,320 --> 00:21:12,440
ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช
263
00:21:12,440 --> 00:21:14,840
ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช
264
00:21:14,840 --> 00:21:17,460
ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช
265
00:21:17,460 --> 00:21:17,580
ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช
266
00:21:17,580 --> 00:21:19,360
ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช
267
00:21:19,360 --> 00:21:24,560
ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจ
268
00:21:30,750 --> 00:21:33,330
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ solid sub-bottle ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ุฅู…ุง
269
00:21:33,330 --> 00:21:40,150
agarose gel ุฃูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… cellulose acetate ูˆู‡ู†ุง
270
00:21:40,150 --> 00:21:45,910
ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง protein Electrophoresis ู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† sample ุชู…ุงู…
271
00:21:45,910 --> 00:21:51,350
ูˆู…ุจูŠู† ุจุนุถ ุงู„ samples ููŠู‡ุง ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุชู…ุงู… ุฒูŠ ุงู„
272
00:21:51,350 --> 00:21:54,930
sample ู‡ุงุฏุฑ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ paraproteins ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฒูŠ
273
00:21:54,930 --> 00:21:57,490
ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ paraprotein ุจู†ุดูˆูู‡ุง ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„
274
00:21:57,490 --> 00:21:59,570
multiple myeloma
275
00:22:03,270 --> 00:22:07,430
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุญุงู„ุงุช ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุฅู†ู‡ุง Polyclonal
276
00:22:07,430 --> 00:22:12,150
Antibodies ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ chronic
277
00:22:12,150 --> 00:22:19,490
inflammations ู…ุซู„ุง ุฃูˆ diseases ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุชูˆุถุญ
278
00:22:19,490 --> 00:22:24,750
ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุนู…ู„ densitometry ูˆู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ area ุฃูˆ
279
00:22:24,750 --> 00:22:29,970
ู‚ุฏุฑ ูƒู„ band ุจุชู…ุซู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ total protein ุทุจุนุง ู‡ูŠ ุฅู†
280
00:22:29,970 --> 00:22:31,590
ุงู„ normal
281
00:22:33,630 --> 00:22:39,570
percentage ู„ูƒู„ band ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ album ุจูŠู…ุซู„ 53% ู„
282
00:22:39,570 --> 00:22:46,070
65% ุงู„ alpha 1 2.5% ู„ 5% ุงู„ alpha 2 7 ู„ 13% ุงู„
283
00:22:46,070 --> 00:22:52,210
beta 8 ู„ 14% ูˆ ุงู„ gamma globulins 12 ู„ 22%
284
00:22:54,350 --> 00:22:59,050
ุทุจ ุงู„ุขู† ุงุญู†ุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูุนู„ูŠุง ู†ุญุฏุฏ ู‚ุฏ ุฅูŠุด ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„
285
00:22:59,050 --> 00:23:04,710
protein ู‚ุฏ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ concentration ู„ ุงู„ album ู…ุซู„ุง ู…ู†
286
00:23:04,710 --> 00:23:07,070
ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ electrophoresis ุฃูˆ ู‚ุฏ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ concentration
287
00:23:07,070 --> 00:23:12,330
ู„ู„ alpha oneoglobulins ุชู…ุงู… ูุนู„ูŠุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุฏ ู„ุฃู†
288
00:23:12,330 --> 00:23:15,870
ุจุนุฏ ุงุญู†ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ู†ุดุชุบู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
289
00:23:15,870 --> 00:23:18,230
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ electrophoresis ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„
290
00:23:18,230 --> 00:23:22,610
densitometer ุชู…ุงู… ูˆูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู† ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุจูŠุดูˆู
291
00:23:22,610 --> 00:23:27,070
ู‚ุฏ ุฅูŠุด ุทุจุนุง ุจู†ุงุกู‹ ุฃู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ protein ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
292
00:23:27,070 --> 00:23:32,440
ู‡ูŠุชู… ุตุจุงุบุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ band ุทุจุนุง ูˆ ุงู„ุขู† ุจู†ุงุกู‹ ุทุจุนุง ุนู„ู‰
293
00:23:32,440 --> 00:23:35,700
ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุฒุงุฏ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ูƒู„ ู…ุง ูƒุงู†
294
00:23:35,700 --> 00:23:39,260
ูุนู„ูŠุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ protein ุฃูƒุชุฑ ูˆ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงุฑุชุจุทุช
295
00:23:39,260 --> 00:23:42,140
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ dye ุฃูƒุชุฑ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจู†ูŠุฌูŠ ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„
296
00:23:42,140 --> 00:23:48,580
densitometer ุจู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ density ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ dye ุทุจุนุง ูˆ
297
00:23:48,580 --> 00:23:53,080
ุทุจุนุง ุจู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ densitometer ุนู„ู‰ peaks ูˆ
298
00:23:53,080 --> 00:23:57,950
ุจุชู… ุญุณุงุจ ุงู„ area ุงู„ู…ุณุงุญุฉ ุชุญุช ุงู„ peak ูˆุงู„ู…ุณุงุญุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
299
00:23:57,950 --> 00:24:06,330
ู‡ุชู…ุซู„ ุงู„ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ protein ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู† ุงู„ total protein
300
00:24:06,330 --> 00:24:13,950
ุทูŠุจ ูƒูŠู ุจุนุฏูŠู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ู‡ู†ุญุณุจ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ proteinุŸ ุญุณุจุฉ
301
00:24:13,950 --> 00:24:18,650
ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ุญุงุณุจูŠู† ุงู„ total protein ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง
302
00:24:18,650 --> 00:24:22,790
ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ู‚ุงูŠุณูŠู† ุงู„ total protein ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ biuret
303
00:24:24,900 --> 00:24:28,100
ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ุญุงุณุจูŠู† ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ total protein ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„
304
00:24:28,100 --> 00:24:35,380
biuret ูˆุทู„ุนุช ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ total protein ู…ุซู„ุง 9 gram
305
00:24:35,380 --> 00:24:42,320
ู…ุซู„ุง per
306
00:24:42,320 --> 00:24:43,000
deciliter
307
00:24:46,530 --> 00:24:51,470
ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุงู† ู„ูˆ ุงู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุงุญุณุจ ู‚ุฏ ุฅูŠุด ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ album ู„ูˆ
308
00:24:51,470 --> 00:24:56,950
ู„ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„ percentage ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุณุงุญุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู„
309
00:24:56,950 --> 00:25:02,250
album ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุณุชูŠู† ุจุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„
310
00:25:02,250 --> 00:25:10,670
concentration ู„ู„ album ู‡ุชูƒูˆู† ุณุชูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠุฉ ุถุฑุจ ุชุณุนุฉ
311
00:25:12,420 --> 00:25:17,140
ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู„ูˆ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ album ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุงู„ sample
312
00:25:17,140 --> 00:25:22,480
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ alpha one ู…ุซู„ุง ุทู„ุนุช ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ
313
00:25:22,480 --> 00:25:29,260
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠุฉ ุถุฑุจ
314
00:25:29,260 --> 00:25:34,700
ุชุณุนุฉ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ concentration ู„
315
00:25:34,700 --> 00:25:37,100
ุงู„ alpha one fraction
316
00:25:39,120 --> 00:25:44,920
ุทูŠุจ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุชุตู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุจูŠู† ุงู„
317
00:25:44,920 --> 00:25:50,800
normal ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ normal ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ู…ุชู‚ุทุน ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุจูŠู†
318
00:25:50,800 --> 00:25:55,120
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
319
00:25:55,120 --> 00:26:01,900
ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง nephrosis ูˆููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู„
320
00:26:01,900 --> 00:26:05,100
nephrosis ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ูู‚ุฏ ู„ proteins
321
00:26:07,870 --> 00:26:12,370
ูˆุจุดูƒู„ ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูู‚ุฏ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ albumin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
322
00:26:12,370 --> 00:26:16,090
ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูู‚ุฏ ุงู„ albumin ูˆุจุนุถ
323
00:26:16,090 --> 00:26:19,910
ุงู„ immunoglobulins ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
324
00:26:19,910 --> 00:26:25,250
molecular weight ู„ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุชู…ุงู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ูˆุงุถุญ ุฃู†ู‡
325
00:26:25,250 --> 00:26:30,510
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุตุงุฑ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ albumin ุชู…ุงู… ุตุงุฑ ููŠ
326
00:26:30,510 --> 00:26:33,310
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ albumin ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ alpha ูˆ ุงู„
327
00:26:33,310 --> 00:26:37,670
normal ู‡ุงู† ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุงุงู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ููŠ ุงู„ู€
328
00:26:37,670 --> 00:26:43,290
concentration ู„ู€ Alpha 2 ุทุจ ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ Alpha 2
329
00:26:43,290 --> 00:26:47,290
ุจุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู†ุณุจุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Alpha 2 Macroglobulin
330
00:26:47,290 --> 00:26:51,010
ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Alpha 2 Macroglobulin ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
331
00:26:51,010 --> 00:26:55,010
ุญุฌู…ู‡ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุตุนุจ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ filtration ูˆ ุชู…
332
00:26:55,010 --> 00:26:58,310
ูู‚ุฏู‡ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ูƒุฏู† ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠุฑุชูุน ุงู„
333
00:26:58,310 --> 00:27:05,170
concentration ู„ ุงู„ู€ Alpha 2 fraction ุงู„ beta 2 ุนุงุฏูŠุฉ
334
00:27:05,170 --> 00:27:09,030
ูˆ ูƒู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ูˆุงู† ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูู‚ุท ู„ุจุนุถ immunoglobulins
335
00:27:09,030 --> 00:27:15,290
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจุชู†ุฎูุถ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ peak ู‡ุฐู‡ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰
336
00:27:15,290 --> 00:27:20,690
hypogamaglobulinemia ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนู†ุฏูŠ hypo ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ
337
00:27:20,690 --> 00:27:25,130
ููŠ ุงู„ gamma globulins ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…
338
00:27:25,130 --> 00:27:31,280
hypogamaglobulinemia ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ fractions
339
00:27:31,280 --> 00:27:36,620
ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ู…ุชู‚ุทุน ุฌุงูŠ ู…ุน ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ู…ุชุตู„
340
00:27:36,620 --> 00:27:42,280
ุฅู„ุง ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุงู„ู€ Gamma fraction ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ููŠ Gamma
341
00:27:42,280 --> 00:27:46,100
fraction ููŠ ุฃู†ู†ุง ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ percentage
342
00:27:46,100 --> 00:27:51,340
ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุฏุช ุฅู„ู‰
343
00:27:51,340 --> 00:27:54,740
ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ immune globulins ุฃูˆ ุงู„ antibodies ููŠ
344
00:27:54,740 --> 00:28:02,470
ุงู„ุฏู… ุญุงู„ุฉ ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ hepatic cirrhosis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
345
00:28:02,470 --> 00:28:08,090
ุงู„ุชู„ูŠู ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ุงู„ุชู„ูŠู ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ุชู…ุงู… ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡
346
00:28:08,090 --> 00:28:13,310
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ููŠ ุงู„ proteins ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ
347
00:28:13,310 --> 00:28:18,750
ุจูŠู†ุฎูุถ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุงู„ albumin ูˆุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ูุนู„ูŠุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
348
00:28:18,750 --> 00:28:21,510
ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ุงู„ percentage ู„ ุงู„ albumin
349
00:28:24,060 --> 00:28:27,820
ู…ุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ normal ู„ุฃ ุงู„ alpha one ูˆ ุงู„ alpha two
350
00:28:27,820 --> 00:28:34,580
ู„ูƒู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ููŠ ุงู„ beta ู…ุน ุงู„
351
00:28:34,580 --> 00:28:40,400
gamma ูุงู‡ู… ูˆ ุฒูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ ุงู„ ุงู„ gamma
352
00:28:40,400 --> 00:28:44,160
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู„ุฃู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
353
00:28:44,160 --> 00:28:49,470
chronic infection ุงูˆ chronic ูŠุนู†ูŠ disease ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ
354
00:28:49,470 --> 00:28:53,810
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ polyclonal antibodies ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุจูŠุฌูŠ
355
00:28:53,810 --> 00:28:58,050
ุงู„ immunoglobulins ุจุชุฑุชูุน ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ูˆู…ุน ุงู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู‡ุฐุง
356
00:28:58,050 --> 00:29:02,450
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ gamma ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุฒูŠ ุงุชุตุงู„ ุดุงูŠููŠู†ุŸ ููŠู‡
357
00:29:02,450 --> 00:29:08,430
ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ beta ู…ุน ุงู„ gamma ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุดูƒู„ ู…ู…ูŠุฒ ููŠ
358
00:29:08,430 --> 00:29:12,650
ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ hepatitis ุงู„ุฑูˆุฒุฒ ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ beta gamma
359
00:29:12,650 --> 00:29:16,940
bridging ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ู…ูŠุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Beta-Gamma
360
00:29:16,940 --> 00:29:20,800
Bridging ุจู†ุดูˆูู‡ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ Hepatic Cirrhosis
361
00:29:20,800 --> 00:29:25,760
ุงู„ุดูƒู„
362
00:29:25,760 --> 00:29:30,200
ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Monoclonal Gamma Pathy ุฒูŠ ููŠ
363
00:29:30,200 --> 00:29:35,640
ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ Multiple Myeloma ู‡ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ
364
00:29:35,640 --> 00:29:40,460
ุจุณูŠุท ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ albumin ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ normal ู„ุงู„
365
00:29:40,460 --> 00:29:47,560
fractions ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ูˆู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูˆ peak ุญุงุฏ
366
00:29:47,560 --> 00:29:52,360
ููŠ ุงู„ immunoglobulin ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุฉ ุทุจุนุง ุทุจุนุง ู…ุน
367
00:29:52,360 --> 00:29:57,120
ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุฏู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
368
00:29:57,120 --> 00:30:02,620
monoclonal antibodies ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุทุจุนุง ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง
369
00:30:02,620 --> 00:30:05,120
ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ multiple
370
00:30:05,120 --> 00:30:09,420
myeloma ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ chronic diseases
371
00:30:09,420 --> 00:30:12,840
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ polyclonal
372
00:30:12,840 --> 00:30:16,060
ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู†ุด ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ sharp peak ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุงู„ peak
373
00:30:16,060 --> 00:30:24,760
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ different antibodies ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุตุงุฑ
374
00:30:24,760 --> 00:30:25,400
ููŠ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ
375
00:30:32,570 --> 00:30:37,570
ุทูŠุจุŒ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ methods ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ู„ูุตู„
376
00:30:37,570 --> 00:30:43,370
ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุฒ ุงู„ู€ Isoelectric Focusing ูˆุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ูุงูƒุฑูŠู†
377
00:30:43,370 --> 00:30:48,090
ููŠ ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ูƒู„ุงู…ู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุฒ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€
378
00:30:48,090 --> 00:30:53,950
Isoelectric Point ูˆูุนู„ูŠู‹ุง ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ method ุจูŠุชู…
379
00:30:53,950 --> 00:30:59,150
ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู€ Isoelectric Point ู„ูุตู„ ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุฒ
380
00:31:01,670 --> 00:31:04,590
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุชุชู… ูุตู„ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจู†ุงุกู‹ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Isoelectric
381
00:31:04,590 --> 00:31:10,670
point ุจูŠุชู… ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ technique ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ
382
00:31:10,670 --> 00:31:17,030
ู‡ุชุณู…ู‰ Ampholites of varying Isoelectric point ูˆ
383
00:31:17,030 --> 00:31:22,330
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ Ampholites ุจุงู„ุฃุฌุงุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ ุจุชูŠุฌูŠ
384
00:31:22,330 --> 00:31:27,790
ุจุชุนู…ู„ูŠ pH Gradient ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุชุนู…ู„ูŠ
385
00:31:37,630 --> 00:31:51,710
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑุฌู‡
386
00:31:51,710 --> 00:31:54,390
ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุงู„ุฅูŠุฒูˆุฌูŠู„ ูŠุชุญูˆู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠ
387
00:31:55,830 --> 00:32:01,310
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุชุชู… ูˆุถุน ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุชุชู… ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ุชูˆุตูŠู„
388
00:32:01,310 --> 00:32:06,170
ุจุทูŠุงุฑ ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุฆูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ู‡ุชุจุฏุฃ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ุง migration
389
00:32:06,170 --> 00:32:12,650
ู‡ุชุจุฏุฃ ุชู…ุดูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู„ ูˆ ุฒูŠ
390
00:32:12,650 --> 00:32:17,250
ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู† ุงุญู†ุง ููŠู†ุง ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ููŠ ุงู„ pH ูˆููŠู†ุง ุชุฏุฑุฌ ููŠ
391
00:32:17,250 --> 00:32:25,370
ุงู„ pH ุงู„ุขู† ู„ู…ุง ุจูŠุตู„ ุจูŠุชุณุงูˆู‰ ุงู„ pH ู„ู„ูˆุณุท ู…ุน ุงู„
392
00:32:25,370 --> 00:32:29,110
isoelectric point ู„ ุงู„ protein ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุจูŠู‡ุง
393
00:32:29,110 --> 00:32:33,890
ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉุŸ ุงู‡ ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ net charge ู„ ุงู„
394
00:32:33,890 --> 00:32:38,870
protein zero ูˆู…ุง ุฒุงู„ ู…ุด ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุดุญู†ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ protein
395
00:32:38,870 --> 00:32:42,410
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ protein ุฅูŠุด ู‡ุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ุŸ ู‡ูŠุชูˆู‚ู ุนู† ุงู„
396
00:32:42,410 --> 00:32:46,030
migration ู„ุฃู† ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ protein ูŠู…ุดูŠ ููŠ ุชูŠุงุฑ
397
00:32:46,030 --> 00:32:50,450
ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุŸ ุงู„ุดุญู†ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญู…ู„ู‡ุง ุฅุฐุง ุญุตู„ุช ุชุณุงูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ pH
398
00:32:50,450 --> 00:32:53,010
ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ isoelectric point ูุณูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ net charge
399
00:32:53,010 --> 00:32:59,990
ู…ูุฒุงู„ุฉ ูˆ ุณูŠุชูˆู‚ู ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุนู† ุงู„ู€ migration ูˆู‡ุฐู‡
400
00:32:59,990 --> 00:33:04,770
ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ููŠ ุงู„ู€ isoelectric focusing ุฒูŠ
401
00:33:04,770 --> 00:33:08,210
ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Ampholites ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุชุฏุฑุฌ ููŠ
402
00:33:08,210 --> 00:33:14,110
ุงู„ู€ pH ุจู†ุญุท ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ูุตู„ู‡ุง ูˆ
403
00:33:14,110 --> 00:33:19,550
ุจู†ูˆุตู„ ุทูŠุงุฑ ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุฆูŠ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ proteins
404
00:33:19,550 --> 00:33:23,790
ุชุชุญุฑูƒ ูˆูˆูŠู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ุง ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุฆุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€
405
00:33:23,790 --> 00:33:28,230
isoelectric point ุจูŠุชูˆู‚ู ุงู„ protein ูˆุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุทุจุนุง ู‡ู†ุญุชุงุฌ
406
00:33:28,230 --> 00:33:39,490
ุฅู„ู‰ ุตุจุงุบุฉ ุนุดุงู† ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ different bands ุงู„ู€
407
00:33:39,490 --> 00:33:45,090
immunochemical methods ุงุญู†ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‘ู‡ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„
408
00:33:45,090 --> 00:33:50,530
separation ู„ู€ Proteins ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ Electrophoresis
409
00:33:50,530 --> 00:33:57,850
ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู… ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุฃูŠ fraction
410
00:33:57,850 --> 00:34:03,790
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจู†ุจุฏุฃ ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ fraction ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„
411
00:34:03,790 --> 00:34:08,910
proteins ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠู‡ุง ูˆุจู†ุจุฏุฃ ู†ูุญุต ุงู„ proteins
412
00:34:08,910 --> 00:34:12,770
ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูˆู†ุดูˆู ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠู‡ุง ุฃูˆ ู„ุฃ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู„
413
00:34:12,770 --> 00:34:16,710
protein ู…ู…ูƒู† ุนู„ู‰ ุญุฏุฉ ุชู…ุงู… ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุงุกู‹ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰
414
00:34:16,710 --> 00:34:22,090
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุชุตูˆุฑ ู„ุทุจูŠุจ ุจู†ุงุกู‹ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ symptoms ูˆุจู†ุงุกู‹
415
00:34:22,090 --> 00:34:27,660
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ history ูˆุจู†ุงุกู‹ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุนู„ู‰ ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„
416
00:34:27,660 --> 00:34:31,720
ุงู„ู€ Immunochemical methods ุจู†ูุญุต ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุฒ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
417
00:34:31,720 --> 00:34:36,420
ูˆุจู†ุดูˆู ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ abnormality ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡
418
00:34:36,420 --> 00:34:40,040
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุฒ ุทุจุนุง ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ methods ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู…
419
00:34:40,040 --> 00:34:42,100
ุฑุฏู‘ู‹ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ immunodiffusion ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
420
00:34:42,100 --> 00:34:44,860
immunoelectrophoresis immunofixation
421
00:34:44,860 --> 00:34:48,860
electrophoresis electroimmunodiffusion ูˆ
422
00:34:48,860 --> 00:34:54,320
immunonephelometry ู‡ุฐู‡ methods ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉุŒ ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง
423
00:34:54,320 --> 00:35:00,360
ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ู„ุชุญุฏูŠุฏ the proteins ุฃูˆ concentration ู„ู€ proteins
424
00:35:00,360 --> 00:35:07,800
ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุญุณุจ ูˆูŠู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุฃูŠ fraction ุทูŠุจ
425
00:35:07,800 --> 00:35:11,760
ุขุฎุฑ ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุฑุถู‡ ู†ู‚ูŠุณ
426
00:35:11,760 --> 00:35:16,000
ุงู„ู€ protein concentration ููŠ body fluids ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุฒูŠ ุงู„
427
00:35:16,000 --> 00:35:20,160
urine ูˆุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ CSFุŒ ุงู„ู€ urine proteins ุจุฌุงุฑุฉ of
428
00:35:20,160 --> 00:35:22,440
proteins found in urine arises from the blood
429
00:35:23,310 --> 00:35:28,610
ูˆุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุฌุงูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ kidney ูˆู…ู†
430
00:35:28,610 --> 00:35:36,250
ุงู„ู€ urinary tract ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุธู‡ุฑ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง proteins ููŠ ุงู„
431
00:35:36,250 --> 00:35:41,690
urine ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุทุจุนุง ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ูู„ุชุฑุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ู…ู†
432
00:35:41,690 --> 00:35:47,910
ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ glomerulus ููŠ ุงู„ู†ูุฑูˆู†ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุจูŠู…ุซู„
433
00:35:47,910 --> 00:35:52,490
ุงู„ู†ูุฑูˆู†ุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู†ูุฑูˆู† ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ู€ functional unit ููŠ
434
00:35:52,490 --> 00:35:55,130
ุงู„ู€ kidneyุŒ ูˆู„ู…ุง ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ kidney ู‡ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ู‰
435
00:35:55,130 --> 00:35:58,170
ุงู„ู†ูุฑูˆู†ุŒ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡. ุงู„ุขู† ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
436
00:35:58,170 --> 00:36:02,470
filtration ู„ู„ุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ุฏู… ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ู…ู† afferent arteriole ูˆ
437
00:36:02,470 --> 00:36:06,390
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ filtration ู„ู„ุฏู…ุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุงู† ู‡ู†ุง
438
00:36:06,390 --> 00:36:10,010
ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ pore size ู„ู„ู€ agglomerul ูŠู„ุงุฒู… ุชุณู…ุญ ุจู…ุฑูˆุฑ
439
00:36:10,010 --> 00:36:15,700
ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
440
00:36:15,700 --> 00:36:22,620
ุฎู„ู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ glomerulusุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุณู…ุญ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจู…ุฑูˆุฑ ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช
441
00:36:22,620 --> 00:36:25,920
ุงู„ู€ molecular weight ุชุจุงุนุชู‡ุง ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉุŒ ูˆุชุจุฏุฃ ุชุธู‡ุฑ
442
00:36:25,920 --> 00:36:34,880
ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ูˆู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู€
443
00:36:34,880 --> 00:36:38,240
routine screening in urinalysisุŒ ุทุจุนุง ููŠ ุฃู†
444
00:36:38,240 --> 00:36:41,040
ุงู„ู€ qualitative test for proteinuria are
445
00:36:41,040 --> 00:36:44,920
commonly performed using a reagent stripุŒ ุชู…ุงู… ููŠ ุฃู†
446
00:36:44,920 --> 00:36:50,140
ุงู„ู€ reagent strip ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุชู… ุทุจุนุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุบู…ุณู‡ ููŠ
447
00:36:50,140 --> 00:36:56,380
ุงู„ู€ urine ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุธู‡ุฑ ุนู†ุฏู†ุงุŒ ุชู…ุงู…
448
00:36:56,380 --> 00:37:02,780
ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ูŠุฏู„ู‘ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
449
00:37:02,780 --> 00:37:05,840
ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ urine ูˆู…ู† ุถู…ู†ู‡ุง ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ protein
450
00:37:07,670 --> 00:37:16,530
ุจุฌู‡ุฏุŒ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ู†ุดูˆู ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ูƒู…ูŠุฉ
451
00:37:16,530 --> 00:37:19,630
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠู‡ุงุŒ ุฃูŠุถุง method acid
452
00:37:19,630 --> 00:37:21,710
-precipitation ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู€
453
00:37:21,710 --> 00:37:26,190
Trichloroacetic AcidุŒ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ูŠุชู…ูŠุฒูˆู† ูƒู…ูŠุงุช ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ
454
00:37:26,190 --> 00:37:31,470
ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠู…ูƒู† ู†ู‚ูŠุณ ุงู„ู€ turbidity ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู€
455
00:37:31,470 --> 00:37:33,070
Spectrophotometer
456
00:37:35,660 --> 00:37:40,400
ูˆุขุฎุฑ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู€ proteins in CSFุŒ CSF formed in the
457
00:37:40,400 --> 00:37:45,400
choroid plexus of the ventricles of the brainุŒ ุนู†
458
00:37:45,400 --> 00:37:48,900
ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ ultra filtration of the blood plasmaุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
459
00:37:48,900 --> 00:37:52,620
ุจุฑุถู‡ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€ filtration ultra filtration ุงู„ู€
460
00:37:52,620 --> 00:37:58,280
blood plasma ุฃูˆ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง cerebrospinal fluid ุงู„ู€
461
00:37:58,280 --> 00:38:04,890
CSFุŒ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ูุญุตุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูุทู„ุจ ู„ู…ุง ุจุชู… ุณุญุจ ุนูŠู†ุฉ
462
00:38:04,890 --> 00:38:11,150
CSFุŒ ุจุชู… ุทู„ุจ ู„ู‡ ูุญุต ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุฃูˆ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
463
00:38:11,150 --> 00:38:15,150
ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉุŒ abnormally increased total CSF proteins
464
00:38:15,150 --> 00:38:16,730
may be found in conditions
465
00:38:20,670 --> 00:38:23,590
ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุชุฒุงูŠุฏ ุงู„ู€ permeability ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ุงู„ู€ Ultra
466
00:38:23,590 --> 00:38:31,230
-filtrationุŒ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ูู„ุชุฑุฉ ุฒุงุฏุช
467
00:38:31,230 --> 00:38:34,230
ุงู„ู€ permeabilityุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ูƒู…ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
468
00:38:34,230 --> 00:38:40,010
ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ CSFุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุจุณุจุจ ุงู„ุงู†ููƒุงุดู†
469
00:38:40,010 --> 00:38:44,970
ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุงุŒ ุงู„ุงู†ููƒุงุดู† ุงู„ููŠุฑุงู„ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ fungal meningitis
470
00:38:44,970 --> 00:38:47,070
ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจ ุงู„ุณุญุงูŠุง
471
00:38:50,130 --> 00:38:53,930
ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุฉ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒุŒ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…
472
00:38:53,930 --> 00:38:54,770
ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒุŒ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒุŒ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒ
473
00:38:54,770 --> 00:38:55,390
ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒุŒ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒุŒ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…
474
00:38:55,390 --> 00:38:58,270
ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒุŒ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒุŒ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒ
475
00:38:58,270 --> 00:38:58,490
ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒุŒ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒุŒ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…
476
00:38:58,490 --> 00:38:58,910
ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒุŒ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒุŒ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒ
477
00:38:58,910 --> 00:39:05,230
ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒุŒ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒุŒ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…
478
00:39:05,230 --> 00:39:09,050
ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…ุชุฑูŠูƒุŒ ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุฏูˆู…
479
00:39:11,500 --> 00:39:18,980
ูˆู‡ูŠูƒ ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุชู‡ูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ูุตู„ ุงู„ู€ proteinsุŒ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ู‡
480
00:39:18,980 --> 00:39:22,740
ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉุŒ ูˆู†ู„ู‚ุงูƒู… ุนู„ู‰ ุฎูŠุฑ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ุŒ ูˆ
481
00:39:22,740 --> 00:39:26,120
ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡