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1
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ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ูˆ ุจู‡ ู†ุณุชุนูŠู† ูˆ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู†ุชูƒู„ ูˆ
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ู†ุฌู…ุนูŠู† ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู‡ู†ุดุชุบู„ ุฃูˆ ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ููŠ
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ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุฑู‚ู… 4 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin
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synthesis structure and function
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ุทูŠุจ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุจุชุจูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ structure of
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Hemoglobin ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู… ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin
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ุจูŠุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† two .. four polypeptide chain ุงุซู†ุชูŠู†
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Alpha ูˆุงุซู†ุชูŠู† Beta ูˆูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ polypeptide
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chain ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจู‡ุง ุฌุฒูŠุก ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจู‡ุง ุฌุฒูŠุก
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ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ููŠู†ุง four globin
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ู…ุน four heme ูˆ ุงู„ู€ normal hemoglobin ุจูŠุนุชุจุฑ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
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ุนู† ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ two dissimilar globin
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chain introduction ุทุจุนุงู‹ ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ูƒุฑูˆูŠ ุฃุญู…ุฑ
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red globular protein which have molecular weight
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64500 ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุจูŠุดูƒู„ ุซู„ุซ ูˆุฒู† ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูˆูˆุธูŠูุชู‡
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00:01:23,220 --> 00:01:26,640
ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ู†ู‚ู„ ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ lung ู„ู„ู€ tissue
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00:01:26,640 --> 00:01:31,000
ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู†ุนุฑู ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 500 different
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hemoglobin variant ูƒู„ู‡ู… ู„ู‡ู… ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู€ structure ู„ูƒู†
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฃุฎุฐู‡ ููŠ ุนูŠู† ุงู„ุงุนุชุจุงุฑ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€ normal
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hemoglobinnormal functioning hemoglobin ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
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ุนู† ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุชูˆูŠ ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† two
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pairs of dissimilar globin chain ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู€
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hemoglobin synthesis ุฃูˆู„ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ูˆุทุจุนุงู‹
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00:01:57,810 --> 00:02:00,830
ูƒู„ูƒู… ุจุชุนุฑููˆุง ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ุจูŠุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† hemoglobin
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00:02:00,830 --> 00:02:06,790
ูˆูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠุชุตู†ุน ููŠ ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุขู„ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠ
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developing RBCsdeveloping red cell precursor ูˆุนุดุงู†
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ูŠุทู„ุน ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ุจูƒู…ูŠุงุชู‡ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ู„ุงุจุฏ ู…ู† ุฃู†
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00:02:21,580 --> 00:02:28,440
ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ Coordination ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชูˆุงุฒูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin
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assembly hemoglobin assembly
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ุชุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู€ Heme Synthesis ูˆู‡ูˆ ูƒู…ุง ุชุดุงู‡ุฏูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ููŠุฌุฑ
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ูŠู…ุซู„ ุฎุทูˆุงุช ุงู„ู€ Heme Synthesis ูˆูŠุจุฏุฃ ุฃูˆู„ ุฎุทูˆุงุชู‡ ุฑู‚ู…
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00:02:52,320 --> 00:02:57,440
1,2,3,4 ุจุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุณุจุนุฉ ุฎุทูˆุงุช ูŠุจุฏุฃ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุชูˆูƒู†ุฏุฑูŠุฉ
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏุงุฆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ู‡ูŠ
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ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ู…ูŠุชูˆูƒู†ุฏุฑูŠุฉ ูˆุจุฑู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ cytoplasm
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00:03:05,510 --> 00:03:10,310
ูุงู„ุฎุทูˆุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุจุชุฏุฃุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุชูˆูƒู†ุฏุฑูŠุฉ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุฃูˆู„
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00:03:10,310 --> 00:03:13,990
ุฎุทูˆุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† energy dependent process ุฃูˆ step
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ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ุง ูŠุงุด ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุชูˆูƒู†ุฏุฑูŠุฉ ูู‡ูŠ
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00:03:18,370 --> 00:03:22,250
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Succinyl Coenzyme A ู…ุน Glycine ุจุฏูŠู†ุง Delta
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00:03:22,250 --> 00:03:27,070
-Amino-Levulinic Acid ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุจุชุนุชุจุฑ rate limiting
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00:03:27,070 --> 00:03:33,070
steps ูˆู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ู‡ุง ู†ู‚ุฏุฑ ู†ุนู…ู„ Control ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจุชุฒูŠุฏ
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00:03:33,070 --> 00:03:45,250
ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠู‡ Iron ูƒุซูŠุฑ ูˆุจุชู‚ู„
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00:03:45,250 --> 00:03:53,110
ูŠูˆู… ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ Heme ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุฅุฐุง ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ู€ Heme ุจุชู‚ู„ ู‡ุฐู‡
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00:03:53,110 --> 00:03:57,690
ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ุจุชุนุชุจุฑ rate limiting steps ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ุง
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ู†ุดูˆูู‡ุง ุฏูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Succinyl Coenzyme A ุนู„ู‰ Delta
45
00:04:03,750 --> 00:04:06,830
Aminolevulinate Synthetase ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู…ู†ู‡ ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
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00:04:06,830 --> 00:04:10,290
ุณุงูŠุชูˆุจู„ุงุฒู… ูˆุงุซู†ูŠู† ู…ู†ู‡ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุงู„ู€ porphobilinogen
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญูˆู„ ุงู„ูŠูˆุฑูˆ porphobilinogen
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00:04:13,690 --> 00:04:17,630
ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุซู… ูƒูˆุจุฑูˆ porphobilinogen ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
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00:04:17,630 --> 00:04:20,410
ุจุฑุฌุน ู…ุฑุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ by unknown ู…ูŠูƒุงู†ูŠุฒู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
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00:04:20,410 --> 00:04:25,610
mitochondria ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุจุชุญูˆู„ ู„ู€ Protoporphyrin ุชุณุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
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00:04:25,610 --> 00:04:29,050
ุจุชุญูˆู„ ู„ู€ Protoporphyrin ุชุณุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุจูŠุฎุด ุงู„ู€
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00:04:29,050 --> 00:04:34,200
Iron ุนู„ู‰ ููŠ ู†ุต ุงู„ุฌุฒูŠุก ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ Heme ูˆู†ุจุฏุฃ ู†ุดูˆู
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00:04:34,200 --> 00:04:42,340
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡
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00:04:42,340 --> 00:04:46,780
ุฃูˆู„ ุฎุทูˆุฉ Succinyl Coenzyme A ู…ุน Glycine Delta Amino
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Levulinic Acid Synthetase Enzyme ุจูŠุฏูŠู†ุง Delta Amino
56
00:04:50,920 --> 00:04:57,220
Levulinic Acid ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ Levulinate ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุฒูŠ
57
00:04:57,220 --> 00:05:03,180
ู…ุง ู‚ู„ุช ู„ูƒู… Energy Dependent ูˆุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…
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00:05:03,180 --> 00:05:07,160
Delta Aminolevulinate Synthetase ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง ุชุนุชุจุฑ
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00:05:07,160 --> 00:05:12,360
ููŠู‡ุง limiting steps ููŠ ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ู€ Heme ูˆุบุงู„ุจุงู‹
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00:05:12,360 --> 00:05:15,600
stimulated in the presence of globin ุขุณู ูˆ
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inhibited in the presence of free heme ุชุนุชุจุฑ
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00:05:20,580 --> 00:05:24,500
Control ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุฉ Control mechanism ูˆุจุชุญุชุงุฌ ุฅู„ู‰
63
00:05:24,500 --> 00:05:28,720
ุนุฏุฉ ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ู…ู†ู‡ุง Vitamin B6 ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุฃุณ ูˆCopper ion
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00:05:30,020 --> 00:05:34,760
ูˆุงู„ู€ Synthesis of Delta Aminolevulinic Acid Synthetase
65
00:05:34,760 --> 00:05:38,520
is also inhibited in the presence of free heme
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00:05:38,520 --> 00:05:44,700
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุจูŠู‡ุจุท ูˆุฏูŠ ุจุชุนุชุจุฑ ููŠุฑุซุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
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00:05:44,700 --> 00:05:48,560
Feedback Inhibition Mechanism ุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู‡ุจูˆุท ุฏุงูŠุฑูƒุช
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00:05:48,560 --> 00:05:52,980
ู…ุงุฑูƒูˆุชูˆ ุฌุฒูŠุก of Delta Aminolevulinic Acid are
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Dimerized
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00:05:57,010 --> 00:06:08,250
ููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฏู„ุชุง ุฃู…ูŠู†ูˆ ุฃูˆ ุฏู„ุชุง ุฃู…ูŠู†ูˆ ุฏูŠู‡ูŠุฏุฑุงุชูŠุฒ ุฃูˆ
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00:06:08,250 --> 00:06:14,510
ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ุงู„ู€ Porphobilinogen ุณูŠู†ุชูŠุฒ ุชู…ุงู… ุฃู†ู‡
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00:06:14,510 --> 00:06:20,430
ุฏูŠุงู…ูŠุฑุงูŠุฒ ูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุงู„ู€ Porphobilinogen ูˆุงู„ู€ next
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00:06:20,430 --> 00:06:24,250
step ู‡ูŠ ุชูƒูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Porphyrin ring ูˆุงู„ู€ Porphyrin
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00:06:24,250 --> 00:06:30,970
ring ู‡ูŠ one ringone unit of pyrrole ring ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู…
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00:06:30,970 --> 00:06:36,070
ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุจูŠุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ uroporphyrinogen ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ุนุงูŠุง
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00:06:36,070 --> 00:06:42,670
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตู„ู‡ Decarboxylase Decarboxylation by
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00:06:42,670 --> 00:06:47,610
Decarboxylase enzyme ุฅู„ู‰ coproporphyrinogen ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
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ูˆุจุนุฏ
79
00:06:51,530 --> 00:06:57,620
ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู€ coproporphyrinogen ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏูŠุฒ
80
00:06:57,620 --> 00:07:03,720
ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุจูŠุชุญูˆู„ ู„ู€ Protoporphyrin 9 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุชูˆูƒู†ุฏุฑูŠุฉ
81
00:07:03,720 --> 00:07:07,660
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุฎุด ู…ุฑุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุชูˆูƒู†ุฏุฑูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ู€
82
00:07:07,660 --> 00:07:14,860
Protoporphyrin 9 ุจูŠุชุญูˆู„ ุจูŠุถ ูˆุงูŠุถุงู‹ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏูŠุฒ ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…
83
00:07:14,860 --> 00:07:18,080
ุฅู„ู‰ Protoporphyrin 9 ูˆู‡ูŠ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ four parallel ring
84
00:07:18,080 --> 00:07:24,220
ุชูƒูˆูŠู† ุซู… ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅู„ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุฐุฑุฉ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ ุฃู†
85
00:07:24,220 --> 00:07:29,630
ุชุฎุด ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ุงู„ู€ Protoporphyrin 9 ููŠ ู†ุต ุงู„ุฌุฒูŠุก ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
86
00:07:29,630 --> 00:07:35,250
ู†ู‚ุงุด ุงู„ู€ Heme ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ูˆ
87
00:07:35,250 --> 00:07:39,550
ุงู„ู€ Ferrochelatase ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฅุญู†ุง ู…ุฑูŠู†ุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ ููŠ
88
00:07:39,550 --> 00:07:45,270
ุงู„ู€ .. ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Sideroblastic Anemia ุฅุฐุง ูุงูƒุฑูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ูˆุงู„ู€
89
00:07:45,270 --> 00:07:48,770
Delta Aminolevulinic Acid Synthetase ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…
90
00:07:48,770 --> 00:07:52,790
ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ู€ Heme
91
00:07:56,410 --> 00:08:00,290
Globin Synthesis ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
92
00:08:00,290 --> 00:08:04,330
Hemoglobin ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ู‡ุฐุง Globin ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
93
00:08:04,330 --> 00:08:08,090
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุนู† ุชุตู†ูŠุนู‡ ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง
94
00:08:08,090 --> 00:08:11,950
ุบุงู„ุจุงู‹ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ functional Globin gene
95
00:08:11,950 --> 00:08:19,250
ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุชุตู†ูŠุน two-duplicate Globin molecule
96
00:08:19,250 --> 00:08:26,070
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† in two-duplicate ุฌูŠู†ูŠ cluster ุจูŠุชุง ู„ุงูŠูƒ
97
00:08:26,070 --> 00:08:29,550
ูˆุงู„ุฃู„ูุง ู„ุงูŠูƒ ุงู„ู€ Beta like ุงู„ู€ cluster ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰
98
00:08:29,550 --> 00:08:36,090
ูƒุฑูˆู…ูˆุณูˆู… 11 ูˆุงู„ุฃู„ูุง ู„ุงูŠูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒุฑูˆู…ูˆุณูˆู… 16 ุงู„ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฌูŠู†ุงุช
99
00:08:36,090 --> 00:08:40,850
ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู† ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุณุชุฉ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ globin chain
100
00:08:40,850 --> 00:08:46,130
ุฃูˆ polypeptide ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุฃู„ูุง ูˆุจูŠุชุง ูˆุฌุงู…ุง ูˆุฏู„ุชุง
101
00:08:46,130 --> 00:08:52,280
ูˆุฅุจุณูŠู„ูˆู† ูˆุฒูŠุชุง ูƒูŠู ูŠุชู… ุงู„ู€ ontogeny of globin tree
102
00:08:52,280 --> 00:08:57,240
synthesis ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุตุญูŠุฉ ุทุจุนุงู‹ ุจูŠุชู… ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู†
103
00:08:57,240 --> 00:09:08,320
ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุญู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู…ุฑ ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุฌู†ูŠู†
104
00:09:09,330 --> 00:09:13,690
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญุณุจ ู…ุฑุงุญู„ ุชูƒูˆูŠู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูููŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„
105
00:09:13,690 --> 00:09:19,170
ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุฑุงุญู„ ุชูƒูˆูŠู†ู‡ ุชุจุฏุฃ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ yolk sac at two to
106
00:09:19,170 --> 00:09:23,930
three weeks of gestation ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุง ูŠุจุฏุฃ ูŠุชุตู†ุน ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
107
00:09:23,930 --> 00:09:27,790
ุฒูŠุชุง ูˆุงู„ุฅุจุณูŠู„ูˆู† Globin chain ูˆูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ
108
00:09:27,790 --> 00:09:33,230
Hemoglobin ุงุณู…ู‡ Gower-1 ุฒูŠุชุง ุฅุจุณูŠู„ูˆู† ูƒูˆุฑุจุชูˆ ูˆby
109
00:09:33,230 --> 00:09:36,630
five weeks of gestation ุฃูŠุถุงู‹ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ yolk sac ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุน
110
00:09:36,630 --> 00:09:41,870
ูˆุงู„ุฃู„ูุง ุชุจุฏุฃ ุชุชุตู†ุน ูˆูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ Globin chain
111
00:09:41,870 --> 00:09:46,510
ุจุชูˆุงูู‚ ูˆุงู„ุชุจุงุฏูŠู„ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู„ู†ุง ูƒู…ุงู† ุงุซู†ูŠู† Hemoglobin
112
00:09:46,510 --> 00:09:50,510
ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุณู…ู‡ Portland ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ Gower-2 ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
113
00:09:50,510 --> 00:09:55,090
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin Portland ุฒูŠุชุง
114
00:09:55,090 --> 00:10:00,890
ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑุจุชูˆ ูˆุฌุงูˆุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ two ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Alpha
115
00:10:00,890 --> 00:10:07,540
Epsilon ูƒูˆุฑุจุชูˆ ุทุจุนุงู‹ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุน ูˆุงู„ุฃู„ู ุนู„ู‰
116
00:10:07,540 --> 00:10:12,620
ุญุณุงุจ ุฒูŠุชุง ูˆุฅุจุณูŠู„ูˆู† ู†ุตู„ ู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุจูŠุจุฏุฃ ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ู€ Liver
117
00:10:12,620 --> 00:10:19,420
ูˆูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุชุตู†ุน ู‡ูˆ Alpha Gamma ูˆุจุชุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู€ Beta ุซู…
118
00:10:19,420 --> 00:10:23,800
ุชู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ Delta ููŠ ุงู„ุชุตู†ูŠุน ูููŠ ุงู„ู€ liver ู…ู† ุณุชุฉ
119
00:10:23,800 --> 00:10:27,740
ู„ุชู„ุงุชูŠู† weeks ุงู„ู€ main Hemoglobin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุชุตู†ุน ู‡ูˆ
120
00:10:27,740 --> 00:10:33,240
Alpha Gamma Two ูˆู„ู…ุง ุชุจุฏุฃ ุชุชุตู†ุน ุงู„ู€ Delta ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ุง
121
00:10:33,240 --> 00:10:39,400
ุจูŠุตู†ุน ู„ู†ุง Alpha Delta 2 Hemoglobin A2 ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ
122
00:10:39,400 --> 00:10:47,700
ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู€ bone marrow ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ ููŠ ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ู€ RBC's
123
00:10:47,700 --> 00:10:52,500
ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ Hemopoiesis ูˆุฏู… ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง
124
00:10:52,500 --> 00:10:58,640
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† Hemoglobin A ูˆู‡ูˆ Alpha Beta 2 ูˆู‡ุฐุง
125
00:10:58,640 --> 00:11:04,260
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ switching of hemoglobin ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุญู„
126
00:11:04,260 --> 00:11:11,660
ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุชุจุนุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ embryonic life ูˆุจุนุฏู‡ุง ููŠ
127
00:11:11,660 --> 00:11:16,220
ุงู„ู€ neonatal life ูููŠ ุงู„ู€ embryonic ุฏู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุฌูˆู‡ุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ
128
00:11:16,220 --> 00:11:20,800
ู†ู‚ูˆู„ Portland ุฌูˆู‡ุฑ two y, z, ูˆุฅุจุณูŠู„ูˆู† ุฃูŠ ุดูŠุก
129
00:11:20,800 --> 00:11:27,200
ุจุชูƒูˆู†ูˆุง embryo ููŠ ุงู„ู€ fetus ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ุฃู„ูุง
130
00:11:27,200 --> 00:11:33,070
ูˆุงู„ุฌุงู…ุน ูˆุจุฏูˆ ูŠุฒูŠุฏูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุญุณุงุจ ูŠุงุด ุงู„ุฒูŠุชุง ูˆุงู„ุฅุจุณูŠู„ูˆู†
131
00:11:33,070 --> 00:11:36,430
ูˆููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ liver ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ ูˆุงู„ู€ major
132
00:11:36,430 --> 00:11:40,470
hemoglobin ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin F ูˆุฅุฐุง ุฏุฎู„ุช ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ุขุฏูŠ
133
00:11:40,470 --> 00:11:48,970
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฎุท ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ Hemoglobin A2 ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุตู†ุน ุจุนุฏ
134
00:11:48,970 --> 00:11:54,510
ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู€ bone marrow ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ ููŠ ูƒู„ ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin
135
00:11:54,510 --> 00:11:58,380
ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู… ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุงู„ู€ alpha ูˆุงู„ู€ beta ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ ูˆ
136
00:11:58,380 --> 00:12:06,220
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู…ู† Gamma ุทุจุนุงู‹
137
00:12:06,220 --> 00:12:09,520
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ switching phenomena ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ุฏูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฃูˆู„
138
00:12:09,520 --> 00:12:14,360
ุดูŠุก ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุฒูŠุชุง ุชุจุฏุฃ ุชุฒูŠุฏ Alpha ุนู„ู‰ ุญุณุงุจ ุฒูŠุชุง ูˆ
139
00:12:14,360 --> 00:12:20,800
ุฃู†ุง ุจุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุฒูŠุฏ Gamma ุนู„ู‰ ุญุณุงุจ ุฅุจุณูŠู„ูˆู† ูุชู†ุฒู„
140
00:12:20,800 --> 00:12:28,110
ุงู„ุฅุจุณูŠู„ูˆู† ูˆุจุชุฒูŠุฏ Gamma ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุญู„ ู„ู„ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
141
00:12:28,110 --> 00:12:39,250
after birth ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ beta ูˆ ุงู„ู€ alpha ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ ุงู‡
142
00:12:39,250 --> 00:12:44,730
sorry ุงู„ู€ beta ุจุชุฒูŠุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุณุงุจ ุงู„ู€ gamma ุฏู‡ ู‡ูŠ ููƒู„ู‡
143
00:12:44,730 --> 00:12:49,470
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ alpha ูˆ ุงู„ู€ beta ุฃูŽุฏู„ู‘ ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ
144
00:12:49,470 --> 00:12:53,490
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ู…ุฑู…ู‰ุŒ ุฃูŽุฏู„ู‘ ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
145
00:12:53,490 --> 00:12:59,970
ุนู† ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin A Alpha 2 Beta 2 96-98% ูˆ A2 Alpha
146
00:12:59,970 --> 00:13:04,750
2 Delta ุงู„ูƒู„ 2 ูˆ ู†ุตุŒ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆ ู†ุต ู„ุชู„ุงุชุฉุŒ ูˆ 2ุŒ ูˆ ุฏู‡
147
00:13:04,750 --> 00:13:08,010
ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ู„ุชุญุฏูŠุฏ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ู…ุบูŠู†ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉ ุจุงู„ุฐุงุช
148
00:13:08,010 --> 00:13:13,350
ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซูŠู†ูŠุฉ ูู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin F ูˆู‡ูˆ Alpha 2 Gamma 2 ูˆู‡ูˆ
149
00:13:13,350 --> 00:13:16,250
ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ point five to point eight
150
00:13:16,250 --> 00:13:21,340
percentage ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ Global Synthesis ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ two
151
00:13:21,340 --> 00:13:25,620
gene cluster ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูƒุฑูˆู…ูˆุฒูˆู… ุฑู‚ู… 11 ูˆุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ 16
152
00:13:25,620 --> 00:13:29,620
ุงู„ูƒุฑูˆู…ูˆุฒูˆู… ุฑู‚ู… 11 ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ู€ beta-like gene
153
00:13:29,620 --> 00:13:33,320
cluster ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุชุดูˆููŠู† ููŠู†ุง Beta gene Delta gene
154
00:13:33,320 --> 00:13:37,780
Gamma gene ูˆ Epsilon ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุฑุจุน ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ู…ู† ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ุดูŠุก
155
00:13:37,780 --> 00:13:42,680
ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ู‡ู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ุจูŠุฎุชู„ููˆุง ูู‚ุท ููŠ
156
00:13:42,680 --> 00:13:47,220
ุฃู…ูŠู†ูˆ ุฃุณูŠุฏ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ G ูˆุงู„ู€ A ุงู„ุงู„ู†ูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุนูŠุณูŠู† ููŠ
157
00:13:47,220 --> 00:13:50,780
ุฑู‚ู…
158
00:13:50,780 --> 00:13:57,660
145 ุฃู…ูŠู†ูˆ ุฃุณูŠุฏ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง
159
00:13:57,660 --> 00:14:03,800
ุงู„ู€ Alpha Globin gene cluster ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒุฑูˆู…ูˆุฒูˆู… ุฑู‚ู…
160
00:14:03,800 --> 00:14:08,320
16 ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุชุดูˆููˆู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฒูŠุชุง ู†ูˆุนูŠู† they are
161
00:14:08,320 --> 00:14:11,530
similar ูˆ Alpha ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ two types of globin
162
00:14:11,530 --> 00:14:17,130
ุจูŠุชุตู†ุนูˆุง ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ูˆู†ูุณ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† Alpha
163
00:14:17,130 --> 00:14:24,510
ูˆุจู†ูˆุน ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูˆู…ุง ูŠุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ุชุฑูƒูŠุจู‡ุง
164
00:14:24,510 --> 00:14:31,850
Structure ุงู„ู€ structure ุจูŠุชูƒูˆู‘ู†
165
00:14:31,850 --> 00:14:34,510
ู…ู† ุฃุฑุจุน ุฃุดูƒุงู„ primary ูˆ secondary ูˆ tertiary ูˆ
166
00:14:34,510 --> 00:14:37,790
quaternary ุงู„ู€ primary ุจูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰
167
00:14:43,950 --> 00:14:48,010
ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฃุจูˆ ุตู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆ ุณู„ู… ูˆ ู…ุญู…ุฏ ุงู„ู€ primary
168
00:14:48,010 --> 00:14:49,650
structure of the globin reflected in the amino
169
00:14:49,650 --> 00:14:54,330
acid sequence of the various chains ุฃู…ูŠู†ูˆ ุฃุณู„
170
00:14:54,330 --> 00:15:00,010
ุณูŠูƒูˆุงู†ุณ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูู‚ุท ุจู†ุนุฏ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆุฑุง ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ู…ุงุดูŠ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง
171
00:15:00,010 --> 00:15:06,030
ุงู„ู€ secondary ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุชูƒูˆู‘ู† ู…ู† 9 non helical joined
172
00:15:06,030 --> 00:15:12,550
with 8 helical ุงู„ู€ Helical ุจูŠุนุทูˆู‡ู…
173
00:15:12,550 --> 00:15:19,030
ุฃุฑู‚ุงู… A,B,C ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ู€ Non-helical ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ
174
00:15:19,030 --> 00:15:24,770
ูˆุตู„ุฉ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† two helical ูุจุชุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ุฑู‚ู…ูŠู† ู‚ุจู„
175
00:15:24,770 --> 00:15:27,990
ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ helical ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุจู„ู‡ุง ูˆ ุงู„ู€ helical
176
00:15:27,990 --> 00:15:31,630
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ูุจุชุตูŠุฑ ู„ู†ุง ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ู€
177
00:15:31,630 --> 00:15:37,490
Non-helical ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู‡ูŠ A B ูˆู‡ูŠ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ helix A ูˆ
178
00:15:37,490 --> 00:15:41,690
ุงู„ู€ helix B ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ู…ุตู…ู… ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix
179
00:15:41,690 --> 00:15:45,170
ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix
180
00:15:45,170 --> 00:15:46,970
ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix
181
00:15:46,970 --> 00:15:47,350
ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix
182
00:15:47,350 --> 00:15:48,570
ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix
183
00:15:48,570 --> 00:15:54,850
ุงู„ู€ helix
184
00:15:54,850 --> 00:16:00,130
ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix
185
00:16:00,130 --> 00:16:04,500
ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ุงู„ู€ helix ู…ุฌู„ุจุฉ ุชุฃุฎุฐ
186
00:16:04,500 --> 00:16:14,160
ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ Sphere ูˆุจูŠุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† Intramolecular Bonds ู‡ูŠ
187
00:16:14,160 --> 00:16:18,780
ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ helical part ูˆู‡ูŠ ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€
188
00:16:18,780 --> 00:16:25,500
agility of the molecule ูˆ ุจุชุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุชุตู…ูŠู… ุฃู†ู‡ุง
189
00:16:25,500 --> 00:16:29,520
ู†ู‡ุฑูƒ ูˆุฌุงู„ูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ tertiary ููŠ ุซู„ุงุซ ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุฌุฏุง
190
00:16:29,520 --> 00:16:33,520
ุซู„ุงุซ characteristic feature sorry ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุฃู…ุง ูˆุงุญุฏ
191
00:16:33,520 --> 00:16:42,580
ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ polar or chart side ุงู„ู€ chain ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุจุฑุง ูˆู‡ุฐู‡
192
00:16:42,580 --> 00:16:50,480
ุจุชุคูƒุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ูŠูƒูŠูˆู„ ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆููˆุจูƒ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ
193
00:16:50,480 --> 00:16:57,940
ุตู„ูŠุจู„ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ู€ non polar ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฑูˆุงุจุท ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูˆู‡ุฐุง
194
00:16:57,940 --> 00:17:02,900
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ูŠูƒูŠูˆู„ ู…ู† ุฌูˆุง ู‡ูˆ ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆููˆุจูƒ ู…ุง ุจุฏู‡
195
00:17:02,900 --> 00:17:06,980
ู…ุงุก ุชุฎุด ุฌูˆุง ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ุด ูŠุชุฃูƒุณุฏ ู…ู† ุฌูˆุง
196
00:17:11,030 --> 00:17:15,510
ุงู„ู€ Heme Bucket is created ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ Opened Top
197
00:17:15,510 --> 00:17:21,610
Left ู„ู„ู…ูˆู„ูŠูƒูŠูˆู„ ุจู†ูุชุญ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู€
198
00:17:21,610 --> 00:17:24,890
Heme Bucket due ุจุงู„ู‡ูŠู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Tertiary
199
00:17:24,890 --> 00:17:31,590
Structure ูˆุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ Due ุจุงู„ู‡ูŠู… ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนุดุงู† ุดุบู„ุชูŠู†
200
00:17:31,590 --> 00:17:38,510
ุดุบู„ุฉ ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุนุดุงู† ุชุญู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ Oxygen ููŠ ุฌูˆุงุชู‡ุง ู†ู…ุฑุง
201
00:17:38,510 --> 00:17:43,540
ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุนุดุงู† ุชุชุถู…ู†ุชุญุช ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ Ferrous-Ion ุงู„ู„ูŠ
202
00:17:43,540 --> 00:17:48,420
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู€ Globin. ู†ุจุบู‰ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงู„ู€ Amino Acid
203
00:17:48,420 --> 00:17:56,180
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุณูˆุงุก ูƒุงู† Inter-Subunit Bonding ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู†
204
00:17:56,180 --> 00:18:00,020
ุงู„ู€ Quaternary Structure ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏุฃุช ุชูƒูˆู† ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ
205
00:18:00,020 --> 00:18:05,320
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ Quaternary Structure ูˆุงู„ู€ Quaternary
206
00:18:05,320 --> 00:18:11,750
Structure of Hemoglobin ู„ู‡ ุฃุฑุจุน Subunits ู…ุฑุชุจุฉ ููŠ
207
00:18:11,750 --> 00:18:17,550
ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin A ุจุดูƒู„ ุฑุจุงุนูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงูˆุญุฉ ุจุชุชูƒูˆู† ุฑูˆุงุจุท
208
00:18:17,550 --> 00:18:22,810
Alpha 1 Beta 1 ุฃูˆ Alpha 2 Beta 2 ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุฑูˆุงุจุท ู‚ูˆูŠุฉ
209
00:18:22,810 --> 00:18:28,470
ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† stability of the molecule ุจุชุดูƒู„ ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ
210
00:18:28,470 --> 00:18:32,910
ุชุดุชุฑูƒ ููŠ ุชูƒูˆูŠู†ู‡ุง ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 30 amino acids ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ุฑูˆุงุจุท
211
00:18:32,910 --> 00:18:37,370
ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ Alpha-1 Beta-2 Alpha-2 Beta-1 ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุชู‚ูˆู…
212
00:18:37,370 --> 00:18:41,290
ุจุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู€ Solubility ุฑูˆุงุจุท ุงู„ุงู…ูŠู†ูˆุงุณุฏ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุดุชุฑูƒ
213
00:18:41,290 --> 00:18:44,710
ููŠู‡ุง ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุฃู…ูŠู†ูˆุงุณุฏ ูˆุฃุฎุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ Alpha-1
214
00:18:44,710 --> 00:18:49,230
ุจ Alpha-2 Beta-1 Beta-2 ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุถุนูู‡ู…ุŒ ุฃุถุนู ุงู„ุฑูˆุงุจุท
215
00:18:49,230 --> 00:18:52,670
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุชุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ Oxygenation ูˆ Deoxygenation
216
00:18:52,670 --> 00:18:59,050
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ู‚ู…ูˆุถ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชูุชุญ ูˆุชุชุณูƒุฑ Function of
217
00:18:59,050 --> 00:19:04,640
Hemoglobin ุจุชุนุฑู ุฃู† Oxygen delivery to the tissue
218
00:19:04,640 --> 00:19:10,000
ูˆุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Oxygen
219
00:19:10,000 --> 00:19:14,300
ุจูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Oxygen ู†ูุณูŠ Oxygenation ูˆู„ูŠุณ
220
00:19:14,300 --> 00:19:18,140
Oxidation Oxygenation ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญู…ู„ ุงู„ุงูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆู„ูŠุณ
221
00:19:18,140 --> 00:19:24,230
ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ุชูุงุนู„ ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠ ู…ุฑุฉ
222
00:19:24,230 --> 00:19:28,810
ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูƒู„ ู„ู† ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุจุฑุชุจุท ุจุฃุฑุจุน ุฐุฑุงุช ู…ู†
223
00:19:28,810 --> 00:19:35,530
ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู†ุŒ ู†ู…ุฑุฉ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ Oxygenation ู„ุง ุชุชุนุฏู‰
224
00:19:35,530 --> 00:19:41,050
ุงู„ู€ point O one second ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุณ ูŠุฎุด ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ุนู„ู‰
225
00:19:41,050 --> 00:19:45,690
ุงู„ู€ ู„ุงู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ Oxygenation ู„ู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€
226
00:19:45,690 --> 00:19:48,190
Oxygenation ุจุชุชู… ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุชุจุงุนุฏ
227
00:19:50,490 --> 00:19:53,890
ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ูŠูƒูŠูˆุณูˆุฑูŠ ูˆุฌุฏูˆุง ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠูˆู… ู…ุง ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡
228
00:19:53,890 --> 00:20:00,170
Oxygenation ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ Beta Chain Closing ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€
229
00:20:00,170 --> 00:20:04,670
Beta Chain ุจุชู‚ุฑุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ูˆูŠูˆู… ู…ุง ุชู‚ุฑุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู€
230
00:20:04,670 --> 00:20:10,130
heme pocket ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉ ูุจุชุฎุด ุงู„ู€ Oxygen ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู€ heme ูŠูˆู…
231
00:20:10,130 --> 00:20:16,330
ู…ุง ุชุจุนุฏ ุงู„ู€ Beta Chain ุนู† ุจุนุถ ู…ุงุดูŠ ุฃุฑุถ ุฃุฑุถ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
232
00:20:16,870 --> 00:20:21,610
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุถุบุท ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ hem pocket ูุจุชุทู„ุน ุงู„ู€ oxygen
233
00:20:21,610 --> 00:20:26,050
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุฌู„ุจู‡ุง ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ oxygen unloading
234
00:20:26,050 --> 00:20:30,650
ูˆููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ููŠ ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุงุณู…ู‡ 2,3-DPG
235
00:20:30,650 --> 00:20:36,030
2,3-diphosphoglycerate ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู€
236
00:20:36,030 --> 00:20:41,430
hemoglobin ู…ูˆู„ูŠูƒูŠูˆู„ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ู€ 2,3-DPG ู…ู†ุงูุณ
237
00:20:41,430 --> 00:20:49,700
ู„ู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ููŠ ุฏุฎูˆู„ู‡
238
00:20:49,700 --> 00:20:55,000
ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ุฃูˆ ุชุญู…ูŠู„ ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ูู‡ุฐู‡
239
00:20:55,000 --> 00:20:59,380
ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ูƒู…ุง ุชุดุงู‡ุฏูˆู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Hembucket ูุงุชุญุฉ ูุงู„ู€
240
00:20:59,380 --> 00:21:06,380
Oxygen ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ุง ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ Beta Chain ู‚ุฑุจุช
241
00:21:06,380 --> 00:21:10,020
ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุณูƒุฑุช
242
00:21:10,020 --> 00:21:11,740
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููุชุญุช ุงู„ู€ Hembucket
243
00:21:18,430 --> 00:21:25,110
ุงู„ู€ Hembucket ุชุจุงุนุฏุช ุนู† ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุชุจุงุนุฏุช ุนู† ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุชุจุงุนุฏุช ุนู†
244
00:21:25,110 --> 00:21:32,010
ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุชุจุงุนุฏุช ุนู† ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุชุจุงุนุฏุช ุนู† ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุชุจุงุนุฏุช ุนู† ุจุนุถู‡ุง
245
00:21:32,010 --> 00:21:33,970
ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุชุจุงุนุฏุช ุนู† ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุชุจุงุนุฏุช ุนู† ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุชุจุงุนุฏุช ุนู† ุจุนุถู‡ุง
246
00:21:33,970 --> 00:21:36,110
ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุชุจุงุนุฏุช ุนู† ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุชุจุงุนุฏุช ุนู† ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุชุจุงุนุฏุช ุนู† ุจุนุถู‡ุง
247
00:21:36,110 --> 00:21:40,940
ุชุจุงุนุฏุช ุนู† ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุชุจ..ู…ุดูŠ ุทู„ุนุช ูุถุช ุงู„ุฌูˆุงูŠู‡ ุงู„ุฌูŠูˆุจ ุงู„ู€
248
00:21:40,940 --> 00:21:45,800
oxygen ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุฌู„ุจู‡ุง ูˆู…ูŠู† ุฏุฎู„ ุฏุฎู„ 2,3-DPG ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต
249
00:21:45,800 --> 00:21:53,280
ุตุงุฑ ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ุฏูŠ oxygenated ู…ุนุฑูˆู
250
00:21:53,280 --> 00:21:58,780
ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ normal hemoglobin ููŠ ูƒู„ ุฌุฑุงู… ู…ู†ู‡ ุจูŠุฑุชุจุท ุจู€ 1
251
00:21:58,780 --> 00:22:03,940
.34 ู…ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ oxygen ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู†ุฏู‡ hemoglobin 14
252
00:22:03,940 --> 00:22:09,950
ุฌุฑุงู… ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุจูŠุญู…ู„ 20 ู…ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† 20 ู…ู„ ู…ู†
253
00:22:09,950 --> 00:22:13,590
ุงู„ู€ .. ุจุชุญู…ู„ ุจู€ 20 ู…ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง 19
254
00:22:13,590 --> 00:22:18,270
ู†ุต ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑุด complete ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ loading
255
00:22:18,270 --> 00:22:23,670
ู„ู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ุงู„ู€ degree of saturation ุชุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
256
00:22:23,670 --> 00:22:30,070
oxygen tension ูˆูƒู„ู†ุง ุจู†ุนุฑู ุฃู† ุถุบุท ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€
257
00:22:30,070 --> 00:22:34,450
lung ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 100 ู…ู„ูŠ ู…ุชุฑ ุฒุฆุจู‚ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ tissue
258
00:22:35,150 --> 00:22:38,750
ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ 35 ู…ู„ูŠ ู…ุชุฑ ุฒุฆุจู‚ ูุงู„ูุฑู‚ ููŠ
259
00:22:38,750 --> 00:22:42,990
ุงู„ุถุบุท ุจุญุฏ ุฐุงุชู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุนุงู…ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุตูŠุฑ
260
00:22:42,990 --> 00:22:48,930
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุนุจุฆุฉ ุฃูˆ ุชูุฑูŠุบ ู„ู„ู€ Hemoglobin ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
261
00:22:48,930 --> 00:22:54,410
ู…ุซู„ูˆู‡ุง ุฑูŠุงุถูŠุง ุงู„ู€ curve ุณู…ูˆู‡ oxygen dissociation
262
00:22:54,410 --> 00:22:59,730
curve of Hemoglobin ูˆู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ุฃู† ู…ู† ุตูุงุชู‡
263
00:23:02,260 --> 00:23:05,880
ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠุนูƒุณ ุงู„ู€ properties of hemoglobin itself
264
00:23:05,880 --> 00:23:15,160
ูˆู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠุชุฃุซุฑ ุจุนูˆุงู…ู„ ุนุฏุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ู„ุง ุชุคุซุฑ
265
00:23:15,160 --> 00:23:19,980
ุนู„ู‰ ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ curve ูˆุฅู†ู…ุง ุชุคุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู‚ุน ุงู„ู€ curve
266
00:23:19,980 --> 00:23:27,460
ูุจุชุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ู€ curve ุฅู…ุง ูŠู…ูŠู†ุง ูˆุฅู…ุง ูŠุณุงุฑุง ุทุจุนุง ู‡ูŠ ูˆูƒู…ุง
267
00:23:27,460 --> 00:23:30,180
ุชุดูˆููˆู† ุงู„ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ lung ูˆ ุงู„ู€ tissue ููŠ ุงู„ู€
268
00:23:30,180 --> 00:23:35,160
lung ุฏู‡ ู‡ูˆุจุชุญู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ุจุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆู„ู…ุง ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ
269
00:23:35,160 --> 00:23:38,560
ุงุชุดู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ release ู„ู„ู€ hemoglobin ู„ู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ู…ู†
270
00:23:38,560 --> 00:23:42,080
ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin ูˆู…ุด ุจุณ release ุจุชุญู…ู„ ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูƒุณูŠ
271
00:23:42,080 --> 00:23:44,640
ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู† ุจุฑุฌุน ุชุงู†ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ lung ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡
272
00:23:44,640 --> 00:23:50,780
release ู„ู„ู€ CO2 to the lung ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ normal
273
00:23:50,780 --> 00:23:53,800
hemoglobin oxygen dissociation curve ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
274
00:23:53,800 --> 00:23:57,720
ุงู„ุฃุฒุฑู‚ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„
275
00:23:57,720 --> 00:24:02,380
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุคุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู‚ุน ุงู„ู€ curve ูุฅู…ุง ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู†
276
00:24:02,380 --> 00:24:07,460
ุฃูˆ ูŠุฐู‡ุจ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ู„ูƒู† ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ curve ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ูุฅู…ุง
277
00:24:07,460 --> 00:24:14,020
ูŠุตุจุญ ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin right shifted ุฃูˆ left shifted ุจุณ
278
00:24:14,020 --> 00:24:20,220
ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ู†ุฃุฎุฐ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงุนุชุจุงุฑ ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏ 50% ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุฃูˆ
279
00:24:20,220 --> 00:24:26,060
40% ุงู„ู€ hemoglobin
280
00:24:26,060 --> 00:24:27,500
ุชุดูˆููˆุง ู„ุญุธุฉ
281
00:24:30,380 --> 00:24:34,380
ุงู„ุถุบุท ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† 40% ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ tissue ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„
282
00:24:34,380 --> 00:24:42,040
Hemoglobin ู…ุญู…ู„ ูู‚ุท ุจ 75% ู…ู† ุงู„ oxygen ูˆุทุจ ุงู„ุจุฐู„
283
00:24:42,040 --> 00:24:45,460
ุฑุงุญ ููŠ ุงู„ tissue ุตุงุฑ releasing ููŠ ุงู„ tissue ูููŠ ูƒู„
284
00:24:45,460 --> 00:24:52,260
ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ Hemoglobin ู„ู…ุง ุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ tissue ูŠู†ุฒู„ ุญูˆุงู„ 12%
285
00:24:52,260 --> 00:24:58,120
ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ oxygen
286
00:25:04,190 --> 00:25:06,810
ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุบูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
287
00:25:06,810 --> 00:25:09,730
ู‡ูˆ ู…ูˆู‚ุน ุงู„ Hemoglobin Oxygen Dissociation Curve
288
00:25:09,730 --> 00:25:13,790
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนุงู…ู„ Hemoglobin Variant ู†ูˆุนู‡ ุฃู†ุง ู‡ุณูˆูŠ ู…ุซุงู„
289
00:25:13,790 --> 00:25:20,500
Hemoglobin S ู‡ู†ู…ุดูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ decrease of oxygen
290
00:25:20,500 --> 00:25:27,340
affinity ูˆ ุงู„ pH ู„ู…ุง ุจุชู‚ู„ ุงู„ acidity ูˆูŠูˆู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„
291
00:25:27,340 --> 00:25:30,200
2,3 DPG ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุนุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ CO2 ุนุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ antimicrobial
292
00:25:30,200 --> 00:25:38,480
ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ shift ุงู„ curve to the right ู…ุงุดูŠ ูˆุฏู‡
293
00:25:38,480 --> 00:25:41,500
ูˆุฏู‡ ูุจูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุธุฑูˆู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุนู„ู†ุง ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู†ู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ
294
00:25:41,500 --> 00:25:44,840
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุธุฑูˆู ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ุงุด ููŠ ุงู„ tissue ูููŠ ุงู„
295
00:25:44,840 --> 00:25:48,980
tissue ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠ unloading ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชู‚ู„ ุงู„ affinity of
296
00:25:48,980 --> 00:25:52,320
Hemoglobin to bind with Oxygen ูุจุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠ releasing
297
00:25:52,320 --> 00:25:58,620
unloading ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุงุดูŠ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ู…ู† ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠูˆู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ
298
00:25:58,620 --> 00:26:03,560
Hemoglobin variant ุชุงู†ูŠ ุฒูŠ Hemoglobin F ุฅู†ู‡ ู„ู‡
299
00:26:03,560 --> 00:26:07,590
high affinity to Oxygen ุจุชุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ affinity ูŠูˆู… ูŠูƒูˆู†
300
00:26:07,590 --> 00:26:15,650
ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ pH ู…ุงุดูŠ DPG ู‚ู„ูŠู„ PCO2 ู‚ู„ูŠู„ or
301
00:26:15,650 --> 00:26:20,270
temperature is low ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ high affinity of
302
00:26:20,270 --> 00:26:26,430
oxygen ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ shifting to the left ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„
303
00:26:26,430 --> 00:26:30,710
Hemoglobin Oxygen Dissociation Curve ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„
304
00:26:30,710 --> 00:26:32,530
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูˆุฏูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆ ุจุชูˆุฏูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ
305
00:26:37,200 --> 00:26:44,040
ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุนุงุฏูŠ ุฅู† ูŠุชุนุงู…ู„
306
00:26:44,040 --> 00:26:45,240
ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ
307
00:26:45,240 --> 00:26:46,820
ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ
308
00:26:46,820 --> 00:26:47,040
ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ
309
00:26:47,040 --> 00:26:47,240
ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ
310
00:26:47,240 --> 00:26:48,340
ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ
311
00:26:48,340 --> 00:26:51,780
ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงุฏูŠ ุจ
312
00:26:55,870 --> 00:27:02,330
ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุจูŠุญุตู„ ูŠูˆู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุถุบุท ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ู‡ูˆ
313
00:27:02,330 --> 00:27:08,910
27.1% ูˆ 27.5% ููŠ ุงู„ูุชุงุฉ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ
314
00:27:08,910 --> 00:27:11,990
ูˆุฅุฐุง ุงุฒุฏุงุฏ ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Dissociation Curve
315
00:27:11,990 --> 00:27:16,750
is shifted leftward and value is reduced ูˆุฅุฐุง
316
00:27:16,750 --> 00:27:17,730
ุงุฒุฏุงุฏ ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Conversely decreased
317
00:27:17,730 --> 00:27:21,290
oxygen affinity ุงู„ curve ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ right ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู…
318
00:27:21,290 --> 00:27:22,090
ู‡ุฐุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ู†ุญุชูˆูŠ
319
00:27:25,060 --> 00:27:27,960
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุคุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ oxygen dissociation
320
00:27:27,960 --> 00:27:35,380
curve ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนู…ู„ู‡ left shifting ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุนู…ู„
321
00:27:35,380 --> 00:27:41,120
right shifting ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชุงู†ุชูŠู† ูˆู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุฃูˆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡
322
00:27:41,120 --> 00:27:44,780
ุงู„ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ Bohr effect ูŠุง ุจู†ุงุช ูŠุง ุดุจุงุจ
323
00:27:44,780 --> 00:27:50,660
ุงูู‡ู…ูˆู†ูŠ ุงู„ Bohr effect ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ pH ููŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุชู‡
324
00:27:50,660 --> 00:27:55,720
ุจุงู„ oxygen affinity ุจุจุณุงุทุฉ ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุงู„ oxygen
325
00:27:55,720 --> 00:28:01,920
affinity is reduced ูƒู„ ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ acidity ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุทุจ
326
00:28:01,920 --> 00:28:06,720
ูˆูƒุซูŠุฑุด ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ acidity ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ูŠูุชุดู‡
327
00:28:06,720 --> 00:28:10,500
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูุชุดู‡ ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ acidity ุทุจุนุง ู…ุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ
328
00:28:10,500 --> 00:28:19,160
metabolism ูˆู…ุญุตู„ุฉ ุงู„ metabolic pathway ู‡ูŠ ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„
329
00:28:19,160 --> 00:28:23,460
Lactate ุฃูˆ ุงู„ Lactic Acid ุงู„ Formation ูˆCO2
330
00:28:23,460 --> 00:28:26,300
ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง Hydrochloric Acid ู‡ูˆ Carbonic Acid
331
00:28:26,300 --> 00:28:30,320
ูˆุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Acid Medium ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ tissue
332
00:28:30,320 --> 00:28:36,920
ุงู„ oxygen affinity is decreased ู…ูŠู† ุฃุซุฑุช ุนู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„
333
00:28:36,920 --> 00:28:44,070
pH ุดูˆ ูƒุงู† ููŠ ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ pHุŸ Acid ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
334
00:28:44,070 --> 00:28:52,410
ุนูƒุณู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ Lung ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
335
00:28:52,410 --> 00:28:55,710
ุนูƒุณู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ Lung ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนูƒุณู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„
336
00:28:55,710 --> 00:28:57,750
Lung ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนูƒุณู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ Lung ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนูƒุณู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
337
00:28:57,750 --> 00:28:59,350
ููŠ ุงู„ Lung ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนูƒุณู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ Lung ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
338
00:28:59,350 --> 00:29:00,270
ุนูƒุณู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ Lung ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนูƒุณู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„
339
00:29:00,270 --> 00:29:00,370
Lung ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนูƒุณู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ Lung ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุนูƒุณู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
340
00:29:00,370 --> 00:29:06,940
ููŠ ุงู„ Lung ุฏูˆุฑ ุงู„ู€ 2,3-DPGุŒ ูˆู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ 2,3-DPGุŸ ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง
341
00:29:06,940 --> 00:29:09,880
ุฅู† ู‡ุฐุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุฃุญุฏ ู†ูˆุงุชุฌ ุงู„ glycolytic
342
00:29:09,880 --> 00:29:16,040
pathway ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ RBCs ูˆูŠู† ุจุชุตู†ุน ููŠ ุฃูŠ
343
00:29:16,040 --> 00:29:20,540
ุฌุฒุก ุบูŠุฑู‡ุŒ ุจุชุตู†ุน ููŠ ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน ุจูˆุตูˆู„ู‡ ุจุฑูŠู†ุดุงู†ุŒ ูˆุด
344
00:29:20,540 --> 00:29:26,520
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑุŸ ุจุชุตู†ุน ุงู„ู€ 2,3-DPG ููŠ ุงู„ู€ glycolytic pathwayุŒ
345
00:29:26,520 --> 00:29:30,180
ุทูŠุจุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑุŸ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุญูƒูŠ glycolytic pathway
346
00:29:30,690 --> 00:29:35,110
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู…ุงู„ ู…ุง ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุทุงู‚ุฉุŒ ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุทุงู‚ุฉ ูˆูƒุฃุญุฏ
347
00:29:35,110 --> 00:29:38,790
ุงู„ู…ุฎู„ูุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู†ุชุฌ ุงู„ู€ 2,3-DPG ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠูˆู… ู…ุง ..
348
00:29:38,790 --> 00:29:44,090
ูˆูƒุฏู‡ุด ู…ุญุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉุŒ ูุชุดู‡ุฑ ูุชุดู‡ุฑ ูˆุชุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
349
00:29:44,090 --> 00:29:48,250
glycolytic activity ูู…ุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ู€ 2,3-DPG ูˆูŠูˆู… ู…ุง ูŠุฒูŠุฏ
350
00:29:48,250 --> 00:29:52,830
ุงู„ู€ 2,3-DPG ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ู…ู†ุงูุณ ู‚ูˆูŠ ู„ู…ูŠู† ู„ู„ู€
351
00:29:52,830 --> 00:29:56,850
Hemoglobin ููŠ ุงุฑุชุจุงุทู‡ ุจุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูุจูŠุทู„ุน ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู†ุŒ
352
00:29:56,850 --> 00:30:01,090
ุจูŠุนู…ู„ unloading ู„ู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆุจูŠุฎุด ู…ุญู„ ุฅู„ู‡ุงุฌููŠ ู†ุต ุงู„ู€
353
00:30:01,090 --> 00:30:07,170
Hemoglobin ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ูŠูˆู… ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ู€ 2,3-DPG ุจูŠู‚ู„ ุงู„ู€
354
00:30:07,170 --> 00:30:12,910
Oxygen loading ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ Unloading ุจูŠู†ุฌูˆุณูŠู† ุจุชู‚ู„ ุงู„
355
00:30:12,910 --> 00:30:19,270
Affinity to Oxygen ูˆุจุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ Release ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ 2,3
356
00:30:19,270 --> 00:30:25,350
-DPG ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต Normal ูŠูˆู… ุฒุงุฏ ุตุงุฑ ูŠูˆู… ู‚ู„
357
00:30:25,350 --> 00:30:27,030
ุตุงุฑ
358
00:30:29,700 --> 00:30:40,520
ุตุงุฑ ุณูุฑ ููˆู‚ ููŠ ุงู„ tissue ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ oxygen ุจูŠ
359
00:30:40,520 --> 00:30:44,880
ุจูŠ ุฌูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุฌูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ
360
00:30:44,880 --> 00:30:46,460
ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ
361
00:30:46,460 --> 00:30:47,300
ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ
362
00:30:47,300 --> 00:30:47,420
ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ ุจูŠ
363
00:30:47,420 --> 00:30:53,520
ุจูŠ
364
00:30:53,520 --> 00:30:55,840
ุจ
365
00:30:57,630 --> 00:31:01,510
ู„ู…ุง ุตุงุฑ ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฒุงุฏ ุตุงุฑ ููŠู‡ ู‚ู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ oxygen
366
00:31:01,510 --> 00:31:08,170
affinity ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ shift to the right ู„ู…ุง ุงู„ ox
367
00:31:08,170 --> 00:31:15,910
hemoglobin stride of 2,3 DPG ู‚ู„
368
00:31:15,910 --> 00:31:20,590
ูุตุงุฑ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ oxygen affinity ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงุชุญู…ู„ ุฏู‡
369
00:31:20,590 --> 00:31:24,110
ูˆ shift to the left ู…ุงุดูŠ ู…ุฑุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุต
370
00:31:24,110 --> 00:31:29,300
normal Hemoglobin L 2,3 DPG ู‡ูˆ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู…ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆู„ per liter
371
00:31:29,300 --> 00:31:35,460
ู„ู…ุง ุฒุงุฏ ูˆุตู„ ู„ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ูƒูŠุฑู ุฅูŠู‡ ุงู„ูƒูŠุฑู ุตุงุฑ
372
00:31:35,460 --> 00:31:39,800
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ู„ู…ุง ู‚ู„ุช 2,3 DPG ุตุงุฑ ุงู„ูƒูŠุฑู ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„
373
00:31:39,800 --> 00:31:44,040
ู„ุฃู†ู†ุง ู†ุนุฑู ุฅู† ุงู„ูƒูŠุฑู ู„ู…ุง ูŠุณูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„
374
00:31:44,040 --> 00:31:49,720
affinity ุจุชู‚ู„ ูˆ ุงู„ release ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ูˆู„ู…ุง ุจุณูŠุฑ ู†ุฑูˆุญ
375
00:31:49,720 --> 00:31:56,730
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ุงู„ Affinity ุจุชุฒูŠุฏ ูˆุงู„ Release ุจูŠู‚ู„ ูˆู‡ูŠ
376
00:31:56,730 --> 00:31:59,870
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ู„ุช ู„ูƒู… ูˆูŠู† ุจุชุตู†ุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ glycolytic pathway
377
00:31:59,870 --> 00:32:03,010
ูƒู„ู‡ ุงู„ glycolytic pathway ุทุจุนุง ู„ูŠุดุŸ ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ RBCs
378
00:32:03,010 --> 00:32:06,930
ูˆุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู‡ู†ุชุทุฑู‚ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ ุจู€ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Glycolysis
379
00:32:06,930 --> 00:32:10,510
ู‚ุฏุงู… ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู… ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุจูŠุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุชู„ุงุช ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ
380
00:32:10,510 --> 00:32:15,590
ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ุงู„ glucose ุจุชุญูˆู„ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู€
381
00:32:15,590 --> 00:32:20,840
Lactate ุฃูˆ Lactic Acid ูˆุจุชุตู†ุน ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุจูŠุชูƒูˆู†
382
00:32:20,840 --> 00:32:26,760
ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ATP ุซู… ููŠ two pathways ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูˆู‡ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ pathways
383
00:32:26,760 --> 00:32:30,040
ุงู„ุฃู„ู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง Pentose Phosphate Pathway ูˆูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
384
00:32:30,040 --> 00:32:34,900
ุจุชุตู†ุน ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ NADPH ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ for reduction of
385
00:32:34,900 --> 00:32:43,320
oxygen ูˆ Pathway ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฒูŠ Rapaport-Luebering Pathway ุจุชูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง
386
00:32:43,320 --> 00:32:47,860
2,3 DPG ู…ุงุดูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ู…ู†ุงูุณ ู‚ูˆูŠ
387
00:32:47,860 --> 00:32:51,320
ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ู„ู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ููŠ ุงุฑุชุจุงุทู‡
388
00:32:51,320 --> 00:32:55,720
ุจุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุฏูŠ
389
00:32:55,720 --> 00:33:00,520
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูƒูŠู ูŠุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฃูŠุงู…
390
00:33:00,520 --> 00:33:04,400
ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ oxygen is unloaded with Hemoglobin by
391
00:33:04,400 --> 00:33:09,440
Hemoglobin 2,3 DPG ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ Hemoglobin ูˆุจูŠุณู…ูˆ
392
00:33:09,440 --> 00:33:12,520
ุงู„ Hemoglobin molecule ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ Tense Form
393
00:33:12,520 --> 00:33:18,140
Tense Form ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฅู† ู‡ูˆ ูุงุถูŠ ุฃูˆ ูุถุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุฌู„ุฏ ู…ุญู…ู„
394
00:33:18,140 --> 00:33:24,440
ุงู„ู€ 2,3-DPG ุงู„ู…ุญุตู„ุฉ ุงู„ Affinity to Oxygen is
395
00:33:24,440 --> 00:33:29,580
lowered ูˆู„ู…ู‘ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุงู„ู€ 2,3-DPG is expelled
396
00:33:29,580 --> 00:33:36,840
out ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ Oxygen Affinity ุงู„ู€ PO2 Pressure of
397
00:33:36,840 --> 00:33:40,900
Oxygen ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ Lung ุงู„ู€ 2,3-DPG ุจูŠุตู„ ุงู„
398
00:33:40,900 --> 00:33:45,880
Expelling out ูˆุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุจุชุญู…ู„ ุจุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡
399
00:33:45,880 --> 00:33:49,640
ุงู„ Relaxed Form ูˆููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุญุงู„ ุงู„ affinity to
400
00:33:49,640 --> 00:33:54,440
oxygen is high ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุง ุจุชุญูˆู„ ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ู…ู†
401
00:33:54,440 --> 00:33:58,080
Tense to Relax ุชูŠู†ุณ ุชูˆุฑูŠู„ุงูƒุณ ุชูŠู†ุณ ุชูˆุฑูŠู„ุงูƒุณ ุชูŠู†ุณ
402
00:33:58,080 --> 00:33:59,700
ุชูˆุฑูŠู„ุงูƒุณ ุชูŠู†ุณ ุชูˆุฑูŠู„ุงูƒุณ ุชูŠู†ุณ ุชูˆุฑูŠู„ุงูƒุณ ุชูŠู†ุณ ุชูˆุฑูŠู„ุงูƒุณ
403
00:33:59,700 --> 00:34:02,220
ุชูŠู†ุณ ุชูˆุฑูŠู„ุงูƒุณ ุชูŠู†ุณ ุชูˆุฑูŠู„ุงูƒุณ ุชูŠู†ุณ ุชูˆุฑูŠู„ุงูƒุณ ุชูŠู†ุณ
404
00:34:02,220 --> 00:34:05,360
ุชูˆุฑูŠู„ุงูƒุณ ุชูŠู†ุณ
405
00:34:05,360 --> 00:34:09,120
ุชูˆุฑูŠู„ุงูƒุณ
406
00:34:09,120 --> 00:34:14,060
Tense to Relax Ability of Hemoglobin to bind to 2,3
407
00:34:14,060 --> 00:34:17,940
-DPG ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุจูŠุญุตู„ ููŠ ุงู„ Fetal Hemoglobin ุงู„ู€
408
00:34:17,940 --> 00:34:22,520
Fetal Hemoglobin ู…ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุจุงู„ู€
409
00:34:22,520 --> 00:34:26,900
2,3-DPG ูุจูŠุถู„ ู…ุญู…ู„ ู‚ุตุงุฏ ุจุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„
410
00:34:26,900 --> 00:34:33,620
affinity to oxygen is high
411
00:34:33,620 --> 00:34:36,640
2,3-DPG concentration ุจุชุชุฃุซุฑ ุจุนุฏุฉ ุนูˆุงู…ู„ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰
412
00:34:36,640 --> 00:34:41,670
ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ Hypoxia ูุฌุงู„ุฉ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ Hypoxia ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
413
00:34:41,670 --> 00:34:50,810
ููŠู‡ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ู€ 2,3 DPG ูˆุงู„ Oxygen
414
00:34:50,810 --> 00:34:59,130
Affinity ุจุชู‚ู„ ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ Delivery of Oxygen
415
00:34:59,130 --> 00:35:01,410
to tissue is facilitating
416
00:35:04,240 --> 00:35:07,880
ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ Hypoxia ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€
417
00:35:07,880 --> 00:35:10,600
High Altitude ูˆุงู„ู€ Anoxia ูˆุงู„ู€ Pulmonary or
418
00:35:10,600 --> 00:35:14,500
Cardiac Disease or Blood Loss or Anemia ู…ุงุดูŠ ู‡ุฐุง
419
00:35:14,500 --> 00:35:22,860
ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู€ 2,3 DPG ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ
420
00:35:22,860 --> 00:35:26,640
ูˆูŠูˆู… ู…ุง ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุจู‚ุนุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ Oxygen ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„
421
00:35:26,640 --> 00:35:29,440
Affinity to Oxygen ุจูŠู‚ุนุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ
422
00:35:29,440 --> 00:35:32,840
ุงู„ู€ Affinity to Oxygen ุจุชู‚ู„ ูˆ Release of Oxygen
423
00:35:32,840 --> 00:35:37,330
ูƒู…ุงู† ุจุชู‚ู„ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ adaptation ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
424
00:35:37,330 --> 00:35:42,090
adaptationุŒ ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ 2,3-DPG ุจุชู„ุนุจ
425
00:35:42,090 --> 00:35:45,230
ุฏูˆุฑ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ adaptation to exercise also ูŠูˆู…
426
00:35:45,230 --> 00:35:50,010
ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุฌุฑูŠ ูˆูŠูู‚ุฏ ูƒู…ูŠุงุช ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุฃูŠุด ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
427
00:35:50,010 --> 00:35:56,330
ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉุŒ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจุฉ ุฃู† ู†ุนู…ู„ adaptationุŒ ูƒูŠู ูŠุญุฏุซ
428
00:35:56,330 --> 00:35:59,050
ุงู„ู€ adaptationุŸ ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ู†ู‚ู„ู„ ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ oxygen ุงู„ู„ูŠ
429
00:35:59,050 --> 00:36:04,330
ู†ูู‚ุฏู‡ุงุŒ ูุจุชุฏุฎู„ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ู€ 2,3-DPG ุจูŠุชุญู…ู„ ููŠ
430
00:36:04,330 --> 00:36:07,730
ุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู†ุŒ ุจูŠู‚ู„ ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin affinity ุจูŠุชู‚ู„
431
00:36:07,730 --> 00:36:13,730
ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin release ุนุงู…ุฉ
432
00:36:13,730 --> 00:36:16,330
ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุจูŠุคุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ HemoglobinุŒ ูƒุงุฑุจูˆู† ุฏุงูŠูˆูƒุณุงูŠุฏุŒ ูƒุงุฑุจูˆู†
433
00:36:16,330 --> 00:36:23,390
ุฏุงูŠูˆูƒุณุงูŠุฏุŒ ุทุจุนุง ู…ุง ุจุชุฑุชุจุท ุงู„ุดุฑุทุจุงุช ู…ุจุงุดุฑ ุจุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin
434
00:36:23,390 --> 00:36:26,630
ูˆุฅู†ู…ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ diffusion ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู€ RBCs ูˆ
435
00:36:26,630 --> 00:36:29,990
diffusion ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู€ HemoglobinุŒ ู„ูƒู†ู‡ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€
436
00:36:29,990 --> 00:36:34,610
diffusion ุจุงู„ู‚ุงุชู„ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ู„ูˆ CO2
437
00:36:34,610 --> 00:36:39,510
ุจูŠุชุนุฑุถ ุฏู‡ ุฅูŠุด ู„ู€ two reactionุŒ ุฃูˆู„ reaction CO2 ู…ุน
438
00:36:39,510 --> 00:36:44,910
ู…ุงุก ุจูŠูƒูˆู† carbonic acid ูˆุงู„ู€ carbonic acid ูŠุชุญูˆู„
439
00:36:44,910 --> 00:36:47,250
ุฅู„ู‰ ุจูŠูƒุฑุจูˆู†ูŠุช ูˆู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู†
440
00:36:51,020 --> 00:36:55,320
ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ ุฃูŠ ุงู„ู€ carbon dioxide diffuse freely into the
441
00:36:55,320 --> 00:37:02,100
RBCsุŒ ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃูŠุด ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€ reaction
442
00:37:02,100 --> 00:37:07,660
ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ H+ liberated in reaction
443
00:37:07,660 --> 00:37:12,650
two is accepted by deoxygenated hemoglobinุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡
444
00:37:12,650 --> 00:37:16,790
ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฃุซุฑ ููŠู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† Bohr Effect ุงู„ู€
445
00:37:16,790 --> 00:37:23,090
Bicarbonate ุฌุซุชู‡ุง ุฌุซุฉุŒ ุจุณ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃู†ู‡ ู‡ูŠ diffuse
446
00:37:23,090 --> 00:37:29,130
freely across the red cell membraneุŒ ูˆุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ุง
447
00:37:29,130 --> 00:37:33,890
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ exchange ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ chloride ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
448
00:37:33,890 --> 00:37:39,870
ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุงุŒ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง chloride shiftุŒ ุงู„ู€ bicarbonate ุจุนุฏ
449
00:37:39,870 --> 00:37:43,640
ุฐู„ูƒ ุจุชู†ุนู…ู„ in plasma to the lungุŒ ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุจูŠุตู„ู‡ุง
450
00:37:43,640 --> 00:37:49,480
ventilation as PCO2 is lowุŒ ูˆุจูŠุคุฏูŠ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
451
00:37:49,480 --> 00:37:56,020
excretion ุฃูˆ excretion of CO2ุŒ ู„ุฃู† 70% ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ carbon
452
00:37:56,020 --> 00:38:02,240
dioxide ุจูŠุชู… ุงู„ุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู†ู‡ ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ูˆ 30% ุงู„ู„ูŠ
453
00:38:02,240 --> 00:38:06,760
ุฏุงูŠุฑูŠู† 5% ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง simple solutionุŒ ูˆ 25%
454
00:38:06,760 --> 00:38:09,900
ุจุฑุชุจุทูˆุง ุจุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ูˆุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง Carb amino
455
00:38:09,900 --> 00:38:15,790
HemoglobinุŒ ู…ุช-ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู†ุŒ ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุฃู†
456
00:38:15,790 --> 00:38:21,670
ุงู„ู€ ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ูŠุธู„ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ุจุญุงู„ุฉ in reduced form ูˆ
457
00:38:21,670 --> 00:38:25,650
reduced form ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ู†ุจุณุท ููŠู‡ ุฅู† ุงู„ูุฑุณ ุฅู† ุงู„ู€
458
00:38:25,650 --> 00:38:30,830
iron atom ูŠุธู„ in its ferrous form ูŠุนู†ูŠ reduced form
459
00:38:30,830 --> 00:38:36,430
ู„ู…ุง ูŠุชุฃูƒุณุฏ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ ูŠุจุทู„ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุด ุนู„ู‰
460
00:38:36,430 --> 00:38:42,810
ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุจุงู„ู€ ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุญู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู†ุŒ ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ุนุดุงู† ูŠูƒู„ุง
461
00:38:42,810 --> 00:38:45,450
ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ูƒุฑูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฏู… ุงู„ุญู…ุฑุงุก ููŠ ุนุฏุฉ ู…ูŠูƒุงู†ูŠุฒู…
462
00:38:45,450 --> 00:38:50,850
ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุนู† ุงู„ุญูุงุธ ุจุดูƒู„ ุฏุงุฆู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ reduced
463
00:38:50,850 --> 00:38:55,790
form of hemoglobinุŒ ูˆู‚ุช ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุญุตู„ ููŠ ู…ุช-ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู†ุŸ
464
00:38:55,790 --> 00:38:58,930
ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ููŠู‡ ุชู„ุงุช ุญุงู„ุงุชุŒ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู€
465
00:38:58,930 --> 00:39:02,330
RBCs is exposed to certain oxidant ูˆ ู„ุง ูƒู„ู‡ ู…ุงุจุฎุด
466
00:39:02,330 --> 00:39:05,910
ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏุงู†ุชุŒ ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุฎู„ุตู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
467
00:39:05,910 --> 00:39:10,870
oxidantุŒ ุฃูˆู„ ุจูˆู„ ู†ู…ุฑุฉ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู€ intrinsic
468
00:39:10,870 --> 00:39:13,450
protective mechanism ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ ู…ูŠูƒุงู†ูŠุฒู… ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ
469
00:39:13,450 --> 00:39:18,190
ู‡ุฐุง ุฎุฑุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุงูุธ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ reduced formุŒ ู†ู…ุฑุฉ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ
470
00:39:18,190 --> 00:39:21,370
ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ููŠู‡ genetic abnormalityุŸ ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ููŠ ุจุนุถ
471
00:39:21,370 --> 00:39:22,570
ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin
472
00:39:25,190 --> 00:39:31,370
ุจู€ affected ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ global stability ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
473
00:39:31,370 --> 00:39:34,690
HemoglobinุŒ ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุตูˆุฑุชูŠู†ุŒ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
474
00:39:34,690 --> 00:39:38,310
ุนู† ู…ูŠูƒุงู†ูŠุฒู… ุชุจุน ุงู„ู€ Intrapascular HemolysisุŒ ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง
475
00:39:38,310 --> 00:39:40,990
ุฃู†ุชูˆุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุฃู†ุง ู…ุด ุฑุงุญ ุขุฎุฏ ููŠู‡ุงุŒ ู‡ุชุงุฎุฏู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€
476
00:39:40,990 --> 00:39:45,770
clinical chemistry ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Intrapascular
477
00:39:45,770 --> 00:39:49,090
HemolysisุŒ ุจุชุณุฑุน ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุฏู… ุงู„ุญู…ุฑุฉุŒ ูˆุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ู€ Bilirubin
478
00:39:49,450 --> 00:39:52,190
ุจูŠู‚ู„ ุงู„ู€ HaptoglobinุŒ ุงู„ู€ Haptoglobin ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
479
00:39:52,190 --> 00:39:58,390
Hemoglobin Carrier CompoundุŒ ูู„ู…ุง ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ู€
480
00:39:58,390 --> 00:40:00,950
Hemoglobin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุทุงู„ุน ู…ู† ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุจุงู„ู€
481
00:40:00,950 --> 00:40:03,510
HaptoglobinุŒ ูุจูŠู‚ู„ ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ุงู„ู€ Haptoglobin
482
00:40:03,510 --> 00:40:09,290
ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒุงุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ ูˆ ุจุถู„ ูุฏูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง Free Hemoglobin ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
483
00:40:09,290 --> 00:40:12,790
ุจุฑุถู‡ุŒ ูˆ ุฃูŠุถุง ุงู„ู€ Extravascular ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชูˆุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†
484
00:40:12,790 --> 00:40:16,370
ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ุจุชุชูƒุณุฑุŒ ุดุฑู‡ Hemoglobin ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุงุฎุฏ
485
00:40:16,370 --> 00:40:22,110
ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ IronุŒ ุจุถู„ GlobinุŒ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุธู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ ..
486
00:40:22,110 --> 00:40:22,950
ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ ..
487
00:40:22,950 --> 00:40:23,310
.. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ ..
488
00:40:23,310 --> 00:40:23,370
ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ ..
489
00:40:23,370 --> 00:40:24,130
.. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ ..
490
00:40:24,130 --> 00:40:25,910
ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ ..
491
00:40:25,910 --> 00:40:26,230
.. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ ..
492
00:40:26,230 --> 00:40:31,410
ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ ..
493
00:40:31,410 --> 00:40:32,270
.. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ ..
494
00:40:32,270 --> 00:40:32,350
ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ ..
495
00:40:32,350 --> 00:40:36,330
.. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ .. ุงู„ู€ ..
496
00:40:36,330 --> 00:40:43,350
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