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1 |
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بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم الحمد لله والصلاة والسلام |
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2 |
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00:00:04,600 --> 00:00:08,000 |
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على أشرف مرسلين سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين |
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أبناء الطلبة والطالبات أهلا وسهلا بكم جميعا إن شاء |
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00:00:14,200 --> 00:00:19,180 |
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الله اليوم سوف نتحدث عن المحاضرة الرابعة وهي |
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5 |
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00:00:19,180 --> 00:00:21,520 |
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بعنوان Epidemiological Risk |
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لو جئنا لأول شغلة في بموضوع الـ Epidemiological |
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00:00:27,820 --> 00:00:31,080 |
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Risk على الأقل خلينا نعرف الـ Definition of |
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Epidemiology الـ Epidemiology is a science that |
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study the distribution and determinants of health, |
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10 |
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diseases and injuries among human population |
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11 |
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00:00:47,320 --> 00:00:52,940 |
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لما نجي لـ Bivariate Descriptive Statistics خلّيني |
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12 |
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00:00:52,940 --> 00:00:55,300 |
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أجيب لما نتكلم عن الـ Bivariate نقول إيش |
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13 |
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00:00:55,300 --> 00:00:57,940 |
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Descriptive Statistics لما أقولها من اسمه |
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14 |
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00:00:57,940 --> 00:01:02,120 |
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Descriptive Statistics Descriptive وصفة يعني |
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15 |
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00:01:02,120 --> 00:01:06,000 |
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الإحصاء الوصفة يعني معناته to describe the |
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phenomena as it's naturally occur يعني وصفة ظاهرة |
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17 |
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00:01:10,860 --> 00:01:14,320 |
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كما هي هذا معناه Descriptive Statistics to |
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18 |
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describe the phenomenaas it's naturally occurred |
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19 |
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00:01:19,400 --> 00:01:23,900 |
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يعني إيش معناها؟ يعني we don't draw conclusion |
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20 |
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00:01:23,900 --> 00:01:27,860 |
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يعني إحنا مقدرش نستخلص conclusion إيش يعني مقدرش |
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21 |
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00:01:27,860 --> 00:01:30,580 |
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نستخلص conclusion؟ يعني we do not show |
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22 |
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00:01:30,580 --> 00:01:35,980 |
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relationship between variables إما نجدش علاقة بين |
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23 |
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00:01:35,980 --> 00:01:38,340 |
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ال variables هذا المقصود فيها we do not draw |
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24 |
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conclusion يعني مش ممكن نوصل ل conclusion ولا |
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25 |
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00:01:41,460 --> 00:01:45,650 |
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نهايةوشوف relationship between variables علاقة بين |
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26 |
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00:01:45,650 --> 00:01:48,430 |
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متغيرات يعني هتقول علاقة ما بين ال age و ال |
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27 |
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00:01:48,430 --> 00:01:51,490 |
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hypertension لأ في ال descriptive و لا يمكن تقول |
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28 |
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00:01:51,490 --> 00:01:55,290 |
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العلاقة ما بينالـ Obesity and Development of |
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29 |
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00:01:55,290 --> 00:01:58,490 |
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Diabetic ولا يمكن نوصل لعلاقة في الـ Descriptive |
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30 |
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00:01:58,490 --> 00:02:00,390 |
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Statistics لأن الـ Descriptive Statistics |
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31 |
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00:02:00,390 --> 00:02:04,950 |
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تُDescribe الفينومينة كما كانت طبيعيًا وكذلك فقط |
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32 |
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00:02:04,950 --> 00:02:16,750 |
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Description نحن لا نستخدم اختبارات |
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33 |
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00:02:16,750 --> 00:02:21,650 |
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إحصائية نستخدم دائمًا فقط الـ Percentage و |
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34 |
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00:02:21,650 --> 00:02:26,240 |
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Frequencyيعني النسب والتكرارات وهذه النسب |
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35 |
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والتكرارات لا تستطيع إيجاد Relationship بين |
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36 |
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00:02:31,400 --> 00:02:36,000 |
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Variables يعني إيش معناته Frequency and Percentage |
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37 |
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00:02:36,000 --> 00:02:39,780 |
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وDescriptive Statistics يعني بتوصف لك الظاهرة كما |
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38 |
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00:02:39,780 --> 00:02:44,780 |
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هي زي ما تقول إن أنا عندي عينة Sample 100 شخص |
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39 |
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00:02:44,780 --> 00:02:49,620 |
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خمسين بالمية منهم Male وخمسين بالمية منهم Female |
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40 |
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00:02:49,620 --> 00:02:55,190 |
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هذا Descriptive هذا وصف للعينةتمام؟ ولمّا أقول |
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41 |
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00:02:55,190 --> 00:02:57,750 |
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مثلا والله بالنسبة لل education level على سبيل |
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42 |
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00:02:57,750 --> 00:03:03,940 |
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المثال في عندي 40%40% من مجتمع الدراسة أو عينة |
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43 |
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00:03:03,940 --> 00:03:08,360 |
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الدراسة متعلم و 60% الـ light rate غير متعلم ما |
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44 |
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00:03:08,360 --> 00:03:10,920 |
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جيبناهاش إشي هاد description هاد الـ descriptive |
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45 |
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00:03:10,920 --> 00:03:14,300 |
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statistic و ي describe the phenomena as it's |
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46 |
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00:03:14,300 --> 00:03:18,420 |
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naturally occurred لما تقول والله العينة 50% |
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47 |
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00:03:18,420 --> 00:03:22,680 |
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عايشين في جبال و 50% في غزة هاد descriptive فدائما |
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48 |
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00:03:22,680 --> 00:03:26,460 |
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بال descriptive we use frequency or percentage و |
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49 |
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00:03:26,460 --> 00:03:30,200 |
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we do not show relationship betweenVariable We Do |
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50 |
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00:03:30,200 --> 00:03:35,600 |
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Not Draw Conclusion الـ Inferential Statistic عكسه |
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51 |
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00:03:35,600 --> 00:03:41,000 |
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الـ Inferential Statistic تمام We Do Not Only |
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52 |
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00:03:41,000 --> 00:03:45,300 |
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Describe The Phenomena As It's Naturally Occurred |
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53 |
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00:03:45,300 --> 00:03:49,400 |
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But Also We Show Relationship Between Variables |
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54 |
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00:03:49,400 --> 00:03:52,880 |
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يعني نقدر في الـ Inferential Statistic نجد علاقة |
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55 |
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00:03:52,880 --> 00:03:56,700 |
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بين المتغيرات تمام يعني نقدر ندرس |
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56 |
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00:03:59,130 --> 00:04:02,490 |
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و يستخدم الـ Statistical Test في الـ Inferential |
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57 |
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00:04:02,490 --> 00:04:05,570 |
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Statistics مثل ايش الـ Statistical Test؟ مثل T |
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58 |
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00:04:05,570 --> 00:04:09,630 |
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Test، K² Test، F Test ممكن استخدمها في الـ |
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59 |
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00:04:09,630 --> 00:04:13,890 |
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Inferential Statistics لتظهر علاقة بين الـ |
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60 |
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00:04:13,890 --> 00:04:18,430 |
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Variables تمام؟ هذا بعلق Descriptive Statistics و |
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61 |
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00:04:18,430 --> 00:04:20,130 |
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Inferential Statistics |
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62 |
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00:04:27,230 --> 00:04:31,530 |
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نأتي الأن لمعنى By Variate By Variate من اسمه By |
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63 |
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00:04:31,530 --> 00:04:36,610 |
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ها By 2 يعني By Variate means relationship between |
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64 |
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00:04:36,610 --> 00:04:40,630 |
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two variables العلاقة بين المتغيرين By Variate |
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65 |
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00:04:40,630 --> 00:04:44,290 |
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relationship between two variables بالأغلب بيكون |
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66 |
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00:04:44,290 --> 00:04:48,470 |
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one independent variables يعني عامل مستقل وال |
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67 |
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00:04:48,470 --> 00:04:52,240 |
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other variable بكون dependent variableفعندما أقول |
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68 |
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00:04:52,240 --> 00:04:56,340 |
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أنا by variate means relationship between two |
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69 |
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00:04:56,340 --> 00:05:00,780 |
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variables وبيقولوا بالأغلب ال two variables اللي |
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70 |
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00:05:00,780 --> 00:05:05,360 |
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هم categorical variables يعني متغيرات تصنيفية كيف |
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71 |
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00:05:05,360 --> 00:05:08,300 |
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يعني categorical variables؟ يعني يا أبيض، يا أسود، |
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72 |
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00:05:08,300 --> 00:05:11,700 |
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يعني ال gender يا أبيض، يا أسود، كيف يعني؟ يا |
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73 |
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00:05:11,700 --> 00:05:16,540 |
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male، يا female، مافيش تالت، ال smoking، يا |
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74 |
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00:05:16,540 --> 00:05:20,840 |
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smoker، يا non-smokerالـ Result بتاعة الـ |
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75 |
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00:05:20,840 --> 00:05:23,980 |
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Hepatitis B يا Positive يا Negative الـ Pregnancy |
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76 |
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00:05:23,980 --> 00:05:27,640 |
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Test يا Positive يا Negative الجندر Male, Female |
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77 |
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00:05:27,640 --> 00:05:32,120 |
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Married, Single, Divorced, Widowed مالهمش .. |
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78 |
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00:05:32,120 --> 00:05:39,030 |
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مالهمش رابع عينهمفهذا By Variate و Categorical |
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79 |
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00:05:39,030 --> 00:05:42,190 |
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Variable دايما بالأغلب بالغالب يكون الـ By Variate |
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80 |
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00:05:42,190 --> 00:05:45,410 |
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Categorical Variables يا أبيض و أسود لأن في عنا |
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81 |
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00:05:45,410 --> 00:05:48,590 |
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شغل بيسموه الـ Continuous Variable الـ Continuous |
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82 |
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00:05:48,590 --> 00:05:51,790 |
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Variable يبيأخد أكثر قيمة من الـ Categorical |
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83 |
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00:05:51,790 --> 00:05:54,610 |
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Variables يعني تقوم لو جلنا في الـ Categorical |
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84 |
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00:05:54,610 --> 00:05:58,590 |
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Variable Gender ميليا في ميليا و الـ Smoker |
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85 |
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00:05:58,590 --> 00:06:03,020 |
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Smokingأو Smoking Smoker أو Non Smoker Hepatitis B |
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86 |
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00:06:03,020 --> 00:06:06,060 |
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Positive أو Negative الـ Marital Status يعني يا |
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87 |
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00:06:06,060 --> 00:06:09,700 |
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خصية يا خستين يا أربعة مش اكتر من هيك هذا الـ |
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88 |
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00:06:09,700 --> 00:06:11,920 |
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Categorical Variable لكن الـ Continuous Variable |
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89 |
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00:06:11,920 --> 00:06:16,780 |
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بياخد العديد من القيامة مثل ايش مثال على اللي هو |
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90 |
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00:06:16,780 --> 00:06:21,140 |
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ال Continuous Variable زي الـ High الطول ممكن |
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91 |
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00:06:21,140 --> 00:06:26,560 |
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تقوله لغاية طوله 169.161.162.163.164 من ضمن العد |
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92 |
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00:06:27,200 --> 00:06:30,780 |
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مئات من الأرقام هذا اسمه continuous variable الـ |
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93 |
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00:06:30,780 --> 00:06:33,860 |
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weight بقول هذا وزنه 70 كيلو جرام وممكن يقول 71 |
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94 |
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00:06:33,860 --> 00:06:36,980 |
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كيلو جرام 72 كيلو جرام 73 كيلو جرام 84 كيلو جرام |
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95 |
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00:06:36,980 --> 00:06:40,260 |
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81 كيلو جرام يعني هذا continuous ففي continuous |
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96 |
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00:06:40,260 --> 00:06:42,860 |
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variable وفي categorical variable لما انا اقول |
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97 |
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00:06:42,860 --> 00:06:46,500 |
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bivariate to show relationship between two |
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98 |
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00:06:46,500 --> 00:06:50,220 |
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variables وبالأغلب بيكون ال bivariate عبارة عن |
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99 |
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00:06:50,220 --> 00:06:53,300 |
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categorical variables انا عارف نقش categorical |
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100 |
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00:06:53,300 --> 00:06:58,490 |
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variables يعني زيالجن دا بقيم اقل مال في مال تمام |
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101 |
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00:06:58,490 --> 00:07:04,230 |
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Smoking Smoker None Smoker وهكذا هذا بالنسبالي الـ |
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102 |
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00:07:04,230 --> 00:07:09,570 |
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Bivariate طيب |
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103 |
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00:07:09,570 --> 00:07:13,110 |
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نجي الأن لشغل بيسموه cross tabulation لو أجينا |
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104 |
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00:07:13,110 --> 00:07:15,570 |
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بالاختصال ل cross tabulation ال cross tabulation |
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105 |
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00:07:15,570 --> 00:07:19,430 |
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عبارة عن two multiply two tables يعني اتنين في |
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106 |
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00:07:19,430 --> 00:07:24,160 |
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اتنين tables عندنا بنشوف كيفit's used to show the |
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107 |
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00:07:24,160 --> 00:07:28,520 |
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relationship between variables ودائما الـ two |
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108 |
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00:07:28,520 --> 00:07:31,240 |
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variables should be categorical variables فالـ |
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109 |
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00:07:31,240 --> 00:07:34,960 |
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cross tabulation هو عبارة عن اتنين ضرب اتنين |
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110 |
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00:07:34,960 --> 00:07:38,280 |
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tables two multiply two tables it's used to show |
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111 |
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00:07:38,280 --> 00:07:41,520 |
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relationship between variables بتيجي ده العلاقة ما |
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112 |
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00:07:41,520 --> 00:07:44,920 |
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بين المتغيرات وهدول ال two variables should be |
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113 |
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00:07:44,920 --> 00:07:47,260 |
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categorical variables والآن عرفنا إيش معنات |
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114 |
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00:07:47,260 --> 00:07:51,300 |
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categorical variables عندنا هناخد الآن مثالما يعني |
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115 |
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00:07:51,300 --> 00:07:58,220 |
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cross-tabulation هذا المثال على cross-tabulation |
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116 |
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00:07:58,220 --> 00:08:01,980 |
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cross |
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117 |
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00:08:01,980 --> 00:08:05,880 |
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-tabulation عبارة عن two multiply two tables هي |
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118 |
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00:08:05,880 --> 00:08:12,740 |
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مثلًا على cross-tabulation cross-tabulation to |
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119 |
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00:08:12,740 --> 00:08:17,180 |
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show relationship between two variablesويقولون الـ |
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120 |
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00:08:17,180 --> 00:08:19,180 |
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two variables ايش بيكونوا؟ بيكونوا الـ two |
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121 |
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00:08:19,180 --> 00:08:22,140 |
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variables ومعبرة عن categorical variables طب نيجي |
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122 |
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00:08:22,140 --> 00:08:24,980 |
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نشوف هل هذا الـ table موجود عندنا cross tabulation |
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123 |
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00:08:24,980 --> 00:08:29,640 |
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ت show relationship between two variables و لازم |
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124 |
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00:08:29,640 --> 00:08:31,200 |
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ال two variables ايش بيكونوا؟ categorical |
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125 |
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00:08:31,200 --> 00:08:33,740 |
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variables طب وين ال variables؟ هي أول variable |
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126 |
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00:08:33,740 --> 00:08:38,460 |
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اللي هو ال smoking يا smoker يا non-smoker طب و ال |
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127 |
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00:08:38,460 --> 00:08:42,340 |
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variable التاني اللي هو ال gender يا male يا |
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128 |
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00:08:42,340 --> 00:08:46,480 |
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femaleهذا ايش؟ هذا two multiply two table يعني ال |
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129 |
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00:08:46,480 --> 00:08:50,240 |
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relationship between smoking and gender هذه ال two |
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130 |
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00:08:50,240 --> 00:08:52,860 |
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variables لكن هل ال two variables categorical؟ نعم |
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131 |
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00:08:52,860 --> 00:08:57,660 |
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كاتوجريكال لإن ال smoking في عندنا smoker و non |
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132 |
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00:08:57,660 --> 00:09:02,260 |
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-smoker طب و الجندر عندنا male و female ففعلا هو |
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133 |
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00:09:02,260 --> 00:09:05,700 |
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relationship between two variables و هدول ال two |
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134 |
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00:09:05,700 --> 00:09:09,060 |
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variables هم عبارة عن categorical variables مش |
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135 |
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00:09:09,060 --> 00:09:14,280 |
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continuous variablesطب ليش سموه 2 multiply 2 |
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136 |
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00:09:14,280 --> 00:09:16,200 |
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tables؟ زى ما انتوا شايفينه دول ال variables اسمه |
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137 |
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00:09:16,200 --> 00:09:19,820 |
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كران اسمه كران مال and فمال مال and فمال ايش ال |
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138 |
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00:09:19,820 --> 00:09:26,140 |
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result بتاعتهم؟ هى 1 هى 2 هى 3 هى 4 2 ضرب 2 2 |
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139 |
|
00:09:26,140 --> 00:09:30,300 |
|
multiply 2 tables هدول تحت البلون اللى شايفونه هذا |
|
|
|
140 |
|
00:09:30,300 --> 00:09:35,040 |
|
ال total ال total تبعهم لكن هو عبارة عن 2 multiply |
|
|
|
141 |
|
00:09:35,040 --> 00:09:39,700 |
|
2 tables 1 2 3 4 فهذه المعلومة الـ cross |
|
|
|
142 |
|
00:09:39,700 --> 00:09:41,840 |
|
tabulationاللي هو عبارة عن الـ relationship |
|
|
|
143 |
|
00:09:41,840 --> 00:09:44,160 |
|
between two variables و هدول الـ two variables يجب |
|
|
|
144 |
|
00:09:44,160 --> 00:09:46,760 |
|
أن يكونوا categorical variables زي ما احنا شايفينه |
|
|
|
145 |
|
00:09:46,760 --> 00:09:53,400 |
|
في المثال هذا وسميناها to multiply two tables طيب |
|
|
|
146 |
|
00:09:53,400 --> 00:09:57,000 |
|
نيجي للجدول اللي احنا شايفونه هنا زي ما كملنا الان |
|
|
|
147 |
|
00:09:57,000 --> 00:10:03,580 |
|
في عندي smoker و non-smoker و male و female لما |
|
|
|
148 |
|
00:10:03,580 --> 00:10:06,280 |
|
انا اقول هنا في الجدول قدش ال total number of |
|
|
|
149 |
|
00:10:06,280 --> 00:10:10,760 |
|
sampleجدّاش العينة بتاعتنا فكرة جدّاش العينة |
|
|
|
150 |
|
00:10:10,760 --> 00:10:15,080 |
|
بتاعتنا العينة بتاعتنا كلها ال total ال male و ال |
|
|
|
151 |
|
00:10:15,080 --> 00:10:19,300 |
|
female و ال smoker و ال non-smoker كلها جدّاش مية |
|
|
|
152 |
|
00:10:19,300 --> 00:10:25,000 |
|
ال total sum بالمية كيف مية؟ لإن هيها ال smoker |
|
|
|
153 |
|
00:10:25,000 --> 00:10:29,300 |
|
person كل ال smoker person هيك القط اللي هم ال |
|
|
|
154 |
|
00:10:29,300 --> 00:10:33,650 |
|
male و ال female كلهم عشرين واحد من الميةفي عندي |
|
|
|
155 |
|
00:10:33,650 --> 00:10:39,890 |
|
عشرة male smokers وعشرة female smokers فال total |
|
|
|
156 |
|
00:10:39,890 --> 00:10:45,970 |
|
عشرين يعني ان في عندي ال total تاع ال smokers |
|
|
|
157 |
|
00:10:45,970 --> 00:10:50,310 |
|
عشرين male في female طب ال total تاع ال non-smoker |
|
|
|
158 |
|
00:10:50,310 --> 00:10:54,250 |
|
في عندي أربعين و أربعين تمانين يعني في عندي أربعين |
|
|
|
159 |
|
00:10:54,250 --> 00:11:00,280 |
|
non-smoker maleواربعين non-smoker ايش في ميل ال |
|
|
|
160 |
|
00:11:00,280 --> 00:11:03,880 |
|
total جدش تبعه تمانين هي عشرين زي التمانين هي مية |
|
|
|
161 |
|
00:11:03,880 --> 00:11:08,200 |
|
فال total sample جدش دعتنا مية ال total sample مية |
|
|
|
162 |
|
00:11:08,200 --> 00:11:13,580 |
|
ولو اجيتها ال total ميل سموكر و non-smoker هي |
|
|
|
163 |
|
00:11:13,580 --> 00:11:17,040 |
|
سموكر و non-smoker هذا ميل هيك الخط كله ميل وهذا |
|
|
|
164 |
|
00:11:17,040 --> 00:11:21,010 |
|
الخط كله ايش في ميللو جينا على الـ Total Smoker و |
|
|
|
165 |
|
00:11:21,010 --> 00:11:24,790 |
|
Non Smoker Male جداش الـ Total خمسين هي عشرة |
|
|
|
166 |
|
00:11:24,790 --> 00:11:29,750 |
|
Smoker و أربعين Non Smoker خمسين و بالـ Female في |
|
|
|
167 |
|
00:11:29,750 --> 00:11:33,730 |
|
عندي عشرة Smoker Female و في عندي أربعين Non |
|
|
|
168 |
|
00:11:33,730 --> 00:11:38,810 |
|
Smoker Female العدد خمسين هي خمسين زي خمسين مية |
|
|
|
169 |
|
00:11:38,810 --> 00:11:42,990 |
|
فالـ Total Sample بتاعتنا في البحث هذا هو خمسين |
|
|
|
170 |
|
00:11:42,990 --> 00:11:50,130 |
|
Participant فختي Participantهذا بالنسبة للـ Total |
|
|
|
171 |
|
00:11:50,130 --> 00:11:55,270 |
|
Sample تبعنا طيب نجهان شخص بسأل طب إيش الرقم |
|
|
|
172 |
|
00:11:55,270 --> 00:11:57,470 |
|
التاني لأن الأرقام التانية كلها إذا عرفنا هذا |
|
|
|
173 |
|
00:11:57,470 --> 00:11:59,950 |
|
الأرقام إيش بتاعنا بنعرف اللي جنبها إيش بتاعنا و |
|
|
|
174 |
|
00:11:59,950 --> 00:12:04,250 |
|
اللي جنبها إيش بتاعناماذا يعني 50%؟ هذا الـ 50% |
|
|
|
175 |
|
00:12:04,250 --> 00:12:08,310 |
|
انه احنا عندنا الـ total number of smokers وهي |
|
|
|
176 |
|
00:12:08,310 --> 00:12:12,250 |
|
smokers وهذه non-smokers لا ننسى وهي في خط فاصل |
|
|
|
177 |
|
00:12:12,250 --> 00:12:16,330 |
|
بينهم ال total number of smokers كده؟ عشرين هي |
|
|
|
178 |
|
00:12:16,330 --> 00:12:20,910 |
|
عشرة وعشرة عشرين لـ smokers هذا 100% لما انا اقول |
|
|
|
179 |
|
00:12:20,910 --> 00:12:26,670 |
|
ايش معناه 50%؟ معناه 50% ان ال percentage of |
|
|
|
180 |
|
00:12:26,670 --> 00:12:34,200 |
|
smokers maleof a smoker male من ال total smoker |
|
|
|
181 |
|
00:12:34,200 --> 00:12:38,220 |
|
خمسين في المية لإن في عنده عشرة smoker من ال male |
|
|
|
182 |
|
00:12:38,220 --> 00:12:42,080 |
|
طب و العينة كلها لsmoker عشرين لما يكون عشرة |
|
|
|
183 |
|
00:12:42,080 --> 00:12:45,900 |
|
بدخلوا مع ذلك كم واحد بدخل النسبة بتدخل خمسين في |
|
|
|
184 |
|
00:12:45,900 --> 00:12:49,620 |
|
المية لإن ال total ساب بالعشرينيعني فى عندى نسبة |
|
|
|
185 |
|
00:12:49,620 --> 00:12:56,340 |
|
50% من الـ Sample تاعة الـ Smoker إيش Male وبرضه |
|
|
|
186 |
|
00:12:56,340 --> 00:13:01,980 |
|
نفس الشغله فى 50% من الـ Sample تاعة الـ Smoker |
|
|
|
187 |
|
00:13:01,980 --> 00:13:05,040 |
|
Female لإن كل الـ Total Sample عشرين لما أقولك |
|
|
|
188 |
|
00:13:05,040 --> 00:13:07,740 |
|
عشرة Female بدخله يعني من الـ Total Sample تاعة |
|
|
|
189 |
|
00:13:07,740 --> 00:13:10,660 |
|
الـ Smoker خمسين في المية بدخله من ال Female |
|
|
|
190 |
|
00:13:10,660 --> 00:13:15,400 |
|
وخمسين في المية بدخله من ال Male هذا الرقم التاني |
|
|
|
191 |
|
00:13:15,400 --> 00:13:15,900 |
|
إيش اللي يعني |
|
|
|
192 |
|
00:13:19,820 --> 00:13:26,440 |
|
نجحان لرقم الـ 20% من أين أجت الـ 20%؟ الـ 20% هي |
|
|
|
193 |
|
00:13:26,440 --> 00:13:31,520 |
|
عبارة عن الـ percentage عبارة عن الـ percentage of |
|
|
|
194 |
|
00:13:31,520 --> 00:13:36,240 |
|
a smoker meal من الـ total meal هي الميل كله الـ |
|
|
|
195 |
|
00:13:36,240 --> 00:13:40,880 |
|
total meal الـ 20% هي عبارة عن الـ percentage of a |
|
|
|
196 |
|
00:13:40,880 --> 00:13:45,460 |
|
smoker meal من الـ total meal طب وجدتش الـ total |
|
|
|
197 |
|
00:13:45,460 --> 00:13:49,770 |
|
meal؟كم هو الـ Total Male Smoker و Non Smoker؟ الـ |
|
|
|
198 |
|
00:13:49,770 --> 00:13:54,670 |
|
Total Male Smoker و Non Smoker 10 و 40 هي 50 هذا |
|
|
|
199 |
|
00:13:54,670 --> 00:14:00,650 |
|
الـ Total Number of Male Smoker و Non Smoker طب |
|
|
|
200 |
|
00:14:00,650 --> 00:14:05,550 |
|
لما يكون في عندي عشرة من الخمسين مدخنين تمام كم |
|
|
|
201 |
|
00:14:05,550 --> 00:14:08,950 |
|
تطلع ال percentage of Male Smoker من الـ Total |
|
|
|
202 |
|
00:14:08,950 --> 00:14:14,380 |
|
Male الخمسين؟يعني الـ 50 total male بيسووا 100% طب |
|
|
|
203 |
|
00:14:14,380 --> 00:14:18,380 |
|
العشرة كده نسبتهم بيطلع؟ يعني عشرة ضرب 100 على 50 |
|
|
|
204 |
|
00:14:18,380 --> 00:14:26,860 |
|
ويسووا 20% هاي رقم الـ 20% من وين؟ أجهة لو واحد |
|
|
|
205 |
|
00:14:26,860 --> 00:14:31,740 |
|
مافهمش كمان أو مااستوعبش الأمر هذا هيتأين الفيميل |
|
|
|
206 |
|
00:14:31,740 --> 00:14:36,660 |
|
ايش الـ 20% في الميل؟ هي عبارة عن الـ percentageOf |
|
|
|
207 |
|
00:14:36,660 --> 00:14:40,660 |
|
Smoker Female من الـ Total Female طب جداش الـ |
|
|
|
208 |
|
00:14:40,660 --> 00:14:45,060 |
|
Total Female هي عشرة و أربعين و خمسين عشرة و |
|
|
|
209 |
|
00:14:45,060 --> 00:14:49,140 |
|
أربعين جداش خمسين طب لما يكون الـ Total Female |
|
|
|
210 |
|
00:14:49,140 --> 00:14:53,100 |
|
Smoker و Non Smoker Total تبعهم عشرة و خمسين جداش |
|
|
|
211 |
|
00:14:53,100 --> 00:14:58,000 |
|
لما يكون عشرة Female مدخنات بيكون خمسين بساوي مية |
|
|
|
212 |
|
00:14:58,000 --> 00:15:03,280 |
|
وعشرة Female مدخنات عشرة يعني بيطلع عشرة ضارف مية |
|
|
|
213 |
|
00:15:03,280 --> 00:15:07,250 |
|
ع خمسين و يساوي عشرين في الفيديوهي الرقم التاني |
|
|
|
214 |
|
00:15:07,250 --> 00:15:15,130 |
|
بتاع الـ 20% من وين أجاطيب نجي لـ 10% إيش الـ 10%؟ |
|
|
|
215 |
|
00:15:15,130 --> 00:15:21,410 |
|
الـ 10% دي هي عبارة عن الـ percentage of male |
|
|
|
216 |
|
00:15:21,410 --> 00:15:27,230 |
|
smokers من الـ total sample يعني في عنا عشر مدخنين |
|
|
|
217 |
|
00:15:27,230 --> 00:15:31,310 |
|
male من كل العينة طب كل عينة جديش؟ مية اللي هي ال |
|
|
|
218 |
|
00:15:31,310 --> 00:15:34,370 |
|
male و ال female لما يكون عشر مدخنين male يعني |
|
|
|
219 |
|
00:15:34,370 --> 00:15:38,850 |
|
نسبة ال male مدخنين من كل العينة male و female |
|
|
|
220 |
|
00:15:38,850 --> 00:15:43,910 |
|
نسبة ال male مدخنين تطلع إيش؟10% من الـ total |
|
|
|
221 |
|
00:15:43,910 --> 00:15:47,510 |
|
sample اللي هي 100% اللي هي 100% طيب و لجنب ال |
|
|
|
222 |
|
00:15:47,510 --> 00:15:51,390 |
|
female عشرة العشرة معناها ال percentage of female |
|
|
|
223 |
|
00:15:51,390 --> 00:15:56,950 |
|
smokers من ال total sample male and female طيب ال |
|
|
|
224 |
|
00:15:56,950 --> 00:15:59,330 |
|
total sample of male and female smokers أنظم ال |
|
|
|
225 |
|
00:15:59,330 --> 00:16:04,170 |
|
smokers 100 العشرة مدخنات بتطلع 10% فعيني عرفنا |
|
|
|
226 |
|
00:16:04,170 --> 00:16:08,880 |
|
إيش الأرقام هذه من وين أجدوالأرقام هذه من أين أجت |
|
|
|
227 |
|
00:16:08,880 --> 00:16:12,420 |
|
و اللي تحتيهم نفس الطريقة إذا حابين يجيبكم مثال |
|
|
|
228 |
|
00:16:12,420 --> 00:16:18,460 |
|
ممكن يجيبكم مثال على الطريقة التانية بنفس الطريقة |
|
|
|
229 |
|
00:16:18,460 --> 00:16:22,100 |
|
الـ Non-smoker جداش الـ Total Non-smoker هاي الـ |
|
|
|
230 |
|
00:16:22,100 --> 00:16:24,120 |
|
Non-smoker، ماعناش اللي أخبط، هاي الخط تبع الـ Non |
|
|
|
231 |
|
00:16:24,120 --> 00:16:28,920 |
|
-smoker الـ Total Non-smoker Male، Female، 80، 80 |
|
|
|
232 |
|
00:16:28,920 --> 00:16:32,460 |
|
participant من المئة يعني 81 من المشاركين Male و |
|
|
|
233 |
|
00:16:32,460 --> 00:16:37,110 |
|
Female Non-smoker بتخرجطيب جدّاش ال percentage |
|
|
|
234 |
|
00:16:37,110 --> 00:16:42,590 |
|
تاعة ال male ال male non-smoker من ال total non |
|
|
|
235 |
|
00:16:42,590 --> 00:16:48,210 |
|
-smoker إذا ال total non-smoker 80% و 40% male non |
|
|
|
236 |
|
00:16:48,210 --> 00:16:53,010 |
|
-smoker جدّاش نسبته بطلع 50% و ال 40% طبعا من ال |
|
|
|
237 |
|
00:16:53,010 --> 00:16:57,310 |
|
female ال non-smoker بطلع 50% لأن ال total non |
|
|
|
238 |
|
00:16:57,310 --> 00:17:01,090 |
|
-smoker هو عبارة عن 80 participants |
|
|
|
239 |
|
00:17:05,610 --> 00:17:12,390 |
|
طيب ايش هي الـ 80%؟ الـ 80% هي عبارة عن الـ |
|
|
|
240 |
|
00:17:12,390 --> 00:17:14,090 |
|
percentage of |
|
|
|
241 |
|
00:17:16,000 --> 00:17:21,400 |
|
ننسموكر ننسموكر ميل من ال total ميل من ال total طب |
|
|
|
242 |
|
00:17:21,400 --> 00:17:25,080 |
|
قدش ال total ميل خمسين يعني الخمسين بيسووا مية في |
|
|
|
243 |
|
00:17:25,080 --> 00:17:29,200 |
|
المية طب الأربعين ننسموكر قدش بيطلعوا بيطلعوا |
|
|
|
244 |
|
00:17:29,200 --> 00:17:32,480 |
|
أربعين ضارب مية على خمسين وبطلع تمانين في المية |
|
|
|
245 |
|
00:17:32,480 --> 00:17:37,710 |
|
ونفس الطريقة لما انا اقول اشت تمانين هانهي ال |
|
|
|
246 |
|
00:17:37,710 --> 00:17:42,770 |
|
percentage of non-smoker female من ال total female |
|
|
|
247 |
|
00:17:42,770 --> 00:17:45,550 |
|
طب قدش ال total female؟ خمسين يعني خمسين بيساوي |
|
|
|
248 |
|
00:17:45,550 --> 00:17:50,230 |
|
100% طب الأربعين يعني أربعين ضارب 100 على خمسين |
|
|
|
249 |
|
00:17:50,230 --> 00:17:57,450 |
|
بيساوي 80 هين عرفنا إيش؟ اللي هو من وين أجت ال 80% |
|
|
|
250 |
|
00:17:57,450 --> 00:18:00,490 |
|
طيب |
|
|
|
251 |
|
00:18:00,490 --> 00:18:02,710 |
|
نيجي على الأربعين في المية من وين أجت الأربعين في |
|
|
|
252 |
|
00:18:02,710 --> 00:18:06,170 |
|
المية؟ الأربعين في المية هي عبارة عن ال percentage |
|
|
|
253 |
|
00:18:06,920 --> 00:18:12,260 |
|
of male non-smoker من الـ total participant هو الـ |
|
|
|
254 |
|
00:18:12,260 --> 00:18:15,240 |
|
total participant قداش مية و ال number of non |
|
|
|
255 |
|
00:18:15,240 --> 00:18:19,840 |
|
-smoker 40 يعني بيطلع 40%والاربعين التانية هي |
|
|
|
256 |
|
00:18:19,840 --> 00:18:24,000 |
|
عبارة عن الـ percentage of female non-smoker من |
|
|
|
257 |
|
00:18:24,000 --> 00:18:26,960 |
|
الـ total sample الـ total sample 100% وال female |
|
|
|
258 |
|
00:18:26,960 --> 00:18:32,180 |
|
non-smoker 40% يعني 40% هنا عرفنا الآن بالظبط أيش |
|
|
|
259 |
|
00:18:32,180 --> 00:18:36,960 |
|
كل رقم من الأرقام هذه يعني الآن عرفنا عشرة وعشرة |
|
|
|
260 |
|
00:18:36,960 --> 00:18:42,820 |
|
هي عشرين non-smoker تمامواضح وهي عرفنا أن 40 و40 |
|
|
|
261 |
|
00:18:42,820 --> 00:18:45,980 |
|
تمانين نانسموكر و ال total سام بالعشرين و تمانين |
|
|
|
262 |
|
00:18:45,980 --> 00:18:51,060 |
|
بسوء 100% يعني باختصار عرفنا الآن ال cross |
|
|
|
263 |
|
00:18:51,060 --> 00:18:54,860 |
|
tabulation هو عبارة عن two multiply two tables |
|
|
|
264 |
|
00:18:54,860 --> 00:18:58,620 |
|
بكون categorical variables هي two variable smokers |
|
|
|
265 |
|
00:18:58,620 --> 00:19:03,500 |
|
نانسموكر categorical وهي ال gender male أو female |
|
|
|
266 |
|
00:19:07,770 --> 00:19:12,590 |
|
الجدول الثاني هو عبارة عن cross-tabulation مضللين |
|
|
|
267 |
|
00:19:12,590 --> 00:19:14,490 |
|
هنا لأننا قلنا two multiplied two tripled يعني |
|
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|
268 |
|
00:19:14,490 --> 00:19:20,830 |
|
واحد، اتنين، تلاتة، اربع، بس للمعرفة زي ما احنا |
|
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|
269 |
|
00:19:20,830 --> 00:19:25,010 |
|
شايفين هنا في عندنا ال risk index type في عندنا |
|
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|
270 |
|
00:19:25,010 --> 00:19:29,870 |
|
two types نوعين to calculate risk factors of |
|
|
|
271 |
|
00:19:29,870 --> 00:19:33,030 |
|
disease النوع الأول اسمه relative risk يعني انا |
|
|
|
272 |
|
00:19:33,030 --> 00:19:38,000 |
|
بقدر اعملCalculation of Risk Factors of Disease عن |
|
|
|
273 |
|
00:19:38,000 --> 00:19:43,820 |
|
طريق طريقتين يا إما الـ Relative Risk يا إما الـ |
|
|
|
274 |
|
00:19:43,820 --> 00:19:48,040 |
|
Odds Ratio هذه الطريقتين اللي بتنفيها Calculation |
|
|
|
275 |
|
00:19:48,040 --> 00:19:54,080 |
|
of Risk Factors of Disease أول طريقة Relative Risk |
|
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|
276 |
|
00:19:54,080 --> 00:19:58,320 |
|
وليمكن أقدر أحسب الـ Relative Riskبتاعة ال risk |
|
|
|
277 |
|
00:19:58,320 --> 00:20:02,060 |
|
factors إلا لما أطلع بالأول إشي بيسموه absolute |
|
|
|
278 |
|
00:20:02,060 --> 00:20:07,680 |
|
risk أول إشي بحسب ال absolute risk بعدين بقدر أحسب |
|
|
|
279 |
|
00:20:07,680 --> 00:20:13,480 |
|
ال relative risk هذه الطريقة الأولى اللي هنشوفها |
|
|
|
280 |
|
00:20:13,480 --> 00:20:18,650 |
|
الآن زي ما حكينا فيه هنا two typesTo calculate |
|
|
|
281 |
|
00:20:18,650 --> 00:20:22,930 |
|
risk factors of disease أول type هو relative risk |
|
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|
282 |
|
00:20:22,930 --> 00:20:26,850 |
|
وتاني type هو عبارة عن odds ratio لو أجينا لل |
|
|
|
283 |
|
00:20:26,850 --> 00:20:30,210 |
|
relative risk to calculate relative risk أنا بقدر |
|
|
|
284 |
|
00:20:30,210 --> 00:20:33,090 |
|
أعمل calculation لل relative risk عن طريقه لأن ال |
|
|
|
285 |
|
00:20:33,090 --> 00:20:37,130 |
|
relative riskالمعادلة بتاعتها بتساوي الـ Absolute |
|
|
|
286 |
|
00:20:37,130 --> 00:20:42,810 |
|
Risk Exposed تقسيم الـ Absolute Risk Not Exposed |
|
|
|
287 |
|
00:20:42,810 --> 00:20:47,510 |
|
يعني مافي إمكانية أقدر أجيب قيمة الـ Relative Risk |
|
|
|
288 |
|
00:20:47,510 --> 00:20:51,430 |
|
إلا لما أجيب الـ Absolute Risk Exposed والـ |
|
|
|
289 |
|
00:20:51,430 --> 00:20:57,430 |
|
Absolute Risk Not Exposed يعنيبنجي نسألها طب how |
|
|
|
290 |
|
00:20:57,430 --> 00:21:00,390 |
|
to calculate absolute risk؟ ما زال احنا بنقول ال |
|
|
|
291 |
|
00:21:00,390 --> 00:21:04,210 |
|
relative risk بساوي اللي هو absolute risk exposed |
|
|
|
292 |
|
00:21:04,210 --> 00:21:07,770 |
|
تقسيم absolute risk not exposed كيف بدي أجيب ال |
|
|
|
293 |
|
00:21:07,770 --> 00:21:12,210 |
|
relative risk؟ يعني لابد من حساب ال absolute risk |
|
|
|
294 |
|
00:21:12,210 --> 00:21:16,830 |
|
exposed وال absolute risk not exposed عشان أقدر |
|
|
|
295 |
|
00:21:16,830 --> 00:21:23,330 |
|
أعرف قيمة ال relative risk وحساب ال risk factorهذه |
|
|
|
296 |
|
00:21:23,330 --> 00:21:30,490 |
|
الرمزة ARE Absolute Risk Exposed والتانية ARNE |
|
|
|
297 |
|
00:21:30,490 --> 00:21:34,810 |
|
Absolute Risk Not Exposed عشان أقدر أحسب الـ |
|
|
|
298 |
|
00:21:34,810 --> 00:21:39,890 |
|
Relative Risk لازم أجيب الـ Absolute Risk Exposed |
|
|
|
299 |
|
00:21:39,890 --> 00:21:43,290 |
|
والـ Absolute Risk Not Exposed وبعد هيك جينا |
|
|
|
300 |
|
00:21:43,290 --> 00:21:48,260 |
|
المعادلة أو الـالقيمة الـ Relative Risk بتتم |
|
|
|
301 |
|
00:21:48,260 --> 00:21:52,480 |
|
حسابها عن طريق الـ Absolute Risk Exposed تقسيم الـ |
|
|
|
302 |
|
00:21:52,480 --> 00:21:56,820 |
|
Absolute Risk Not Exposed الـ HAN كل الكلام اللي |
|
|
|
303 |
|
00:21:56,820 --> 00:22:01,540 |
|
حكيناه بالمثال هيوضح حالي إيش يعني؟ هاي HAN هدا |
|
|
|
304 |
|
00:22:01,540 --> 00:22:06,960 |
|
two multiply two table هاي A B C D اتنين في اتنين |
|
|
|
305 |
|
00:22:06,960 --> 00:22:11,660 |
|
tableعندنا هنجيب مثال أرقام عليه بس الأقل كل |
|
|
|
306 |
|
00:22:11,660 --> 00:22:15,600 |
|
المعرفة هل risk factor يا exposed لل risk factor |
|
|
|
307 |
|
00:22:15,600 --> 00:22:18,960 |
|
yes يعني exposed لل risk factor يعني واحد عنده |
|
|
|
308 |
|
00:22:18,960 --> 00:22:22,260 |
|
family history of hypertension هذا exposed لل risk |
|
|
|
309 |
|
00:22:22,260 --> 00:22:25,460 |
|
factor يعني yes I have history of hypertension هذا |
|
|
|
310 |
|
00:22:25,460 --> 00:22:29,680 |
|
exposed والتاني اللي جاوب no I do not have family |
|
|
|
311 |
|
00:22:29,680 --> 00:22:32,460 |
|
history of hypertension هذا not exposed يعني ال |
|
|
|
312 |
|
00:22:32,460 --> 00:22:37,420 |
|
risk factor يا exposed yes يا إما not exposed اللي |
|
|
|
313 |
|
00:22:37,420 --> 00:22:43,150 |
|
هو لهالريسك فاكتور هي الـ two variable categorical |
|
|
|
314 |
|
00:22:43,150 --> 00:22:45,990 |
|
variable كيف تكون الـ two variable كتابة كتابة |
|
|
|
315 |
|
00:22:45,990 --> 00:22:47,850 |
|
كتابة كتابة كتابة كتابة كتابة كتابة كتابة كتابة |
|
|
|
316 |
|
00:22:47,850 --> 00:22:55,110 |
|
كتابة |
|
|
|
317 |
|
00:22:55,310 --> 00:22:59,450 |
|
والتاني، يا صار معاه المرض Yes الـ Outcome الـ |
|
|
|
318 |
|
00:22:59,450 --> 00:23:04,450 |
|
Disease يا No، No Disease يعني يا صح Exposed للـ |
|
|
|
319 |
|
00:23:04,450 --> 00:23:07,570 |
|
Risk Factor لكن في بعض الناس بيصير Exposed للـ |
|
|
|
320 |
|
00:23:07,570 --> 00:23:11,610 |
|
Risk Factor وصار معهم Disease وبعض الناس Exposed |
|
|
|
321 |
|
00:23:11,610 --> 00:23:14,350 |
|
للـ Risk Factor وما بيصيرش معهم Disease زي الـ |
|
|
|
322 |
|
00:23:14,350 --> 00:23:18,650 |
|
Smoker هل كل واحد Smoker بيصير مدخل؟ لكن لا لكن |
|
|
|
323 |
|
00:23:18,650 --> 00:23:22,310 |
|
التدخين يعد Risk Factor للـ Smokingلكن مش كل |
|
|
|
324 |
|
00:23:22,310 --> 00:23:26,850 |
|
المدخنين بيصير معاهم cancer lung نسبة بيصير معاهم |
|
|
|
325 |
|
00:23:26,850 --> 00:23:30,790 |
|
cancer lung و نسبة بيصيرش معاهم عشانك بقول هدول |
|
|
|
326 |
|
00:23:30,790 --> 00:23:35,110 |
|
الناس الـ exposed and have the disease و هدول |
|
|
|
327 |
|
00:23:35,110 --> 00:23:40,710 |
|
الناس الـ exposed و do not have the disease نيجي |
|
|
|
328 |
|
00:23:40,710 --> 00:23:45,670 |
|
الآنلأ ال absolute risk exposed شوف اطلع من الكلمة |
|
|
|
329 |
|
00:23:45,670 --> 00:23:50,530 |
|
لما انا اقول absolute risk exposed exposed خُط خط |
|
|
|
330 |
|
00:23:50,530 --> 00:23:54,570 |
|
أحمر تحت exposed انا عن مين بحكي عن فوق ولا عن تحت |
|
|
|
331 |
|
00:23:54,570 --> 00:23:58,450 |
|
لأ انا بحكي عن فوق ليش لإن لما انا بقول absolute |
|
|
|
332 |
|
00:23:58,450 --> 00:24:03,650 |
|
risk ايش exposed هي ال exposed هي دي exposed هيك |
|
|
|
333 |
|
00:24:03,650 --> 00:24:05,570 |
|
هيك exposed |
|
|
|
334 |
|
00:24:08,010 --> 00:24:11,450 |
|
طب و الـ Not Exposed هي يعني Not Exposed هيك هيك |
|
|
|
335 |
|
00:24:11,450 --> 00:24:15,670 |
|
Not Exposed يعني أنا اللي عملت A B C D الـ Exposed |
|
|
|
336 |
|
00:24:15,670 --> 00:24:19,230 |
|
هم مين؟ هي الـ Exposed هيك هيك A زائد B طب و الـ |
|
|
|
337 |
|
00:24:19,230 --> 00:24:23,470 |
|
Not Exposed هم C زائد D فأنا لما أقول Absolute |
|
|
|
338 |
|
00:24:23,470 --> 00:24:28,470 |
|
Risk Exposed الخط الأحمر وهين؟ الخط الأحمر تحت |
|
|
|
339 |
|
00:24:28,470 --> 00:24:33,870 |
|
Exposed يعني بتطلع على الخط الفوقطب إيش معناة |
|
|
|
340 |
|
00:24:33,870 --> 00:24:37,230 |
|
Absolute Risk Exposed؟ معناها الـ Absolute Risk |
|
|
|
341 |
|
00:24:37,230 --> 00:24:41,110 |
|
Exposed اللي The People هو إيه؟ The People who are |
|
|
|
342 |
|
00:24:41,110 --> 00:24:46,190 |
|
exposed to the risk factor and have the disease |
|
|
|
343 |
|
00:24:46,190 --> 00:24:52,890 |
|
اللي هو إيه بطلع؟ الـ Total People Exposed ها كمان |
|
|
|
344 |
|
00:24:52,890 --> 00:24:57,290 |
|
مرة People who are exposed to the risk factor of |
|
|
|
345 |
|
00:24:57,290 --> 00:25:02,430 |
|
diseaseand yes have the disease ع الـ Total |
|
|
|
346 |
|
00:25:02,430 --> 00:25:08,010 |
|
Exposed فبطلع الـ Absolute Risk Exposed A تقسيم A |
|
|
|
347 |
|
00:25:08,010 --> 00:25:13,630 |
|
زائد B طب والـ Absolute Risk Not Exposed حط تحت |
|
|
|
348 |
|
00:25:13,630 --> 00:25:17,930 |
|
Not Exposed خط أحمر وين الـ Not Exposed فوق ولا |
|
|
|
349 |
|
00:25:17,930 --> 00:25:21,010 |
|
تحت؟ لأ هي Not Exposed تحت إيش معناه الـ Absolute |
|
|
|
350 |
|
00:25:21,010 --> 00:25:25,150 |
|
Risk Not Exposed؟ هو الـ People who are not |
|
|
|
351 |
|
00:25:25,150 --> 00:25:26,110 |
|
exposed |
|
|
|
352 |
|
00:25:41,180 --> 00:25:50,790 |
|
تقسيم C تقسيم C زائد Dيعني هذه A الـ Absolute Risk |
|
|
|
353 |
|
00:25:50,790 --> 00:25:56,370 |
|
Exposed بسوء A تقسيم A زائد B والـ C Not Exposed |
|
|
|
354 |
|
00:25:56,370 --> 00:26:01,830 |
|
تقسيم C زائد D هذا الـ Absolute Risk Exposed والـ |
|
|
|
355 |
|
00:26:01,830 --> 00:26:04,670 |
|
Absolute Risk Not Exposed اللي شرحناها اللي هو |
|
|
|
356 |
|
00:26:04,670 --> 00:26:08,510 |
|
رجعنا للوراء نتطلع ايش الـ Absolute Risk Exposed |
|
|
|
357 |
|
00:26:08,510 --> 00:26:13,920 |
|
الخط الأحمر هي A تقسيم A زائد Bالناس اللي مواجهة |
|
|
|
358 |
|
00:26:13,920 --> 00:26:16,980 |
|
الـ Risk Factor ومواجهة المرض على الـ Total |
|
|
|
359 |
|
00:26:16,980 --> 00:26:20,980 |
|
Exposed Total Exposed A زائد B وهذه الـ Absolute |
|
|
|
360 |
|
00:26:20,980 --> 00:26:25,360 |
|
Risk Not Exposed خط أحمر هي الناس اللي مواجهة الـ |
|
|
|
361 |
|
00:26:25,360 --> 00:26:28,460 |
|
Risk Factor ومواجهة المرض على الـ Total Not |
|
|
|
362 |
|
00:26:28,460 --> 00:26:32,620 |
|
Exposed C زائد D فالـ Absolute Risk Exposed بساوي |
|
|
|
363 |
|
00:26:32,620 --> 00:26:36,120 |
|
A تقسيم A زائد B والـ Absolute Risk Not Exposed |
|
|
|
364 |
|
00:26:36,120 --> 00:26:39,100 |
|
بساوي C تقسيم C زائد D |
|
|
|
365 |
|
00:26:42,870 --> 00:26:47,350 |
|
طيب هل نشوف المثال هذا هذه دراسة حقيقية معمولة في |
|
|
|
366 |
|
00:26:47,350 --> 00:26:50,470 |
|
الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية طبعا اللي هي to show |
|
|
|
367 |
|
00:26:50,470 --> 00:26:53,930 |
|
هيك العنوان تبعها to show relationship between |
|
|
|
368 |
|
00:26:53,930 --> 00:26:58,210 |
|
size of needle and swelling هل في علاقة ما بين ال |
|
|
|
369 |
|
00:26:58,210 --> 00:27:03,050 |
|
size of needle and swellingamong children in USA |
|
|
|
370 |
|
00:27:03,050 --> 00:27:06,390 |
|
خلال immunization و لا في الشيء معناته ايش ال two |
|
|
|
371 |
|
00:27:06,390 --> 00:27:10,310 |
|
variables بتاعنا اللي ال size of needle و ال |
|
|
|
372 |
|
00:27:10,310 --> 00:27:13,770 |
|
swelling ايش ال size of needle and swelling يعني |
|
|
|
373 |
|
00:27:13,770 --> 00:27:16,590 |
|
هدول ال two variables ال size of needle هي one |
|
|
|
374 |
|
00:27:16,590 --> 00:27:21,330 |
|
variable و ال swelling هي second variable و هنا |
|
|
|
375 |
|
00:27:21,330 --> 00:27:24,850 |
|
لازم يكون cross tabulation two multiply two table |
|
|
|
376 |
|
00:27:25,140 --> 00:27:29,600 |
|
ولازم يكونوا categorical variable كيف categorical |
|
|
|
377 |
|
00:27:29,600 --> 00:27:33,440 |
|
variable؟ يعني swelling yes they have swelling و |
|
|
|
378 |
|
00:27:33,440 --> 00:27:36,580 |
|
no يعني في عندك swelling yes ولا no categorical |
|
|
|
379 |
|
00:27:36,580 --> 00:27:39,500 |
|
variable و ال exposed لل long needle في ناس |
|
|
|
380 |
|
00:27:39,500 --> 00:27:43,860 |
|
exposed لل long needle و ناس not exposed لل long |
|
|
|
381 |
|
00:27:43,860 --> 00:27:49,400 |
|
needle فهي two categorical variablesالسامبل اللي |
|
|
|
382 |
|
00:27:49,400 --> 00:27:53,040 |
|
أخدوها من أمريكا أخدوا 200 طفل الـ total الـ |
|
|
|
383 |
|
00:27:53,040 --> 00:27:58,460 |
|
sample هي total هي total هيك 200 هي total هيك 200 |
|
|
|
384 |
|
00:27:58,460 --> 00:28:04,880 |
|
فال total number of participant في البحث هذا 200 |
|
|
|
385 |
|
00:28:04,880 --> 00:28:09,620 |
|
childrenكيف هما الـ 200؟ الـ 200 فيه 100 منهم هي |
|
|
|
386 |
|
00:28:09,620 --> 00:28:13,320 |
|
exposed to the risk factor مين هو ال risk factor؟ |
|
|
|
387 |
|
00:28:13,320 --> 00:28:16,360 |
|
الـ long needle ففيه انه exposed to the long |
|
|
|
388 |
|
00:28:16,360 --> 00:28:22,440 |
|
needle عرضنا 100 طفل خلال ال immunization التطعيم |
|
|
|
389 |
|
00:28:22,440 --> 00:28:27,660 |
|
طعمناهم بـ long needle لكن احنا بالعادةفي أمريكا |
|
|
|
390 |
|
00:28:27,660 --> 00:28:30,840 |
|
أو في أوروبا أو في قطاع غزة نعمل تطعيم |
|
|
|
391 |
|
00:28:30,840 --> 00:28:34,240 |
|
immunization للأطفال بـ Small Needle يعني الـ |
|
|
|
392 |
|
00:28:34,240 --> 00:28:37,080 |
|
Traditional Method بتاعتنا الـ Small Needle ففي |
|
|
|
393 |
|
00:28:37,080 --> 00:28:41,060 |
|
ناس قالوا يا جماعة الـ Long Needle أفضل من الـ |
|
|
|
394 |
|
00:28:41,060 --> 00:28:45,320 |
|
Small Needle في التطعيم ومقدروش طبعاً هذا اسمه |
|
|
|
395 |
|
00:28:45,320 --> 00:28:49,000 |
|
Evidence Based Health الصحة المعتمدة على الدلائل |
|
|
|
396 |
|
00:28:49,000 --> 00:28:53,150 |
|
يعني أنا مقدرش أقولأنا ماقدرش أقول إن الـ long |
|
|
|
397 |
|
00:28:53,150 --> 00:28:55,710 |
|
needle أفضل ولا الـ short needle إلا إذا عملت بحث |
|
|
|
398 |
|
00:28:55,710 --> 00:29:00,010 |
|
فأجي الجماعة عملوا بحث و أخدوا 200 طفل 100 طفل |
|
|
|
399 |
|
00:29:00,010 --> 00:29:06,590 |
|
exposed لل risk factor exposed لل risk factor اللي |
|
|
|
400 |
|
00:29:06,590 --> 00:29:09,770 |
|
هو الـ long needle و 100 طفل ليه not exposed لل |
|
|
|
401 |
|
00:29:09,770 --> 00:29:13,710 |
|
risk factor 100 طفل تاني اللي هم اتعالجوا أو أخدوا |
|
|
|
402 |
|
00:29:13,710 --> 00:29:18,060 |
|
تطعيم بالـ traditional methodاللي هي Short Needle |
|
|
|
403 |
|
00:29:18,060 --> 00:29:21,600 |
|
يعني Not Exposed to the Long Needle فهي الـ Sample |
|
|
|
404 |
|
00:29:21,600 --> 00:29:28,300 |
|
كلها بتاعتنا 200 طيب، |
|
|
|
405 |
|
00:29:28,300 --> 00:29:33,380 |
|
الآن بدنا نحسب الـ Relative Risk بدنا نحسب إيش؟ |
|
|
|
406 |
|
00:29:33,380 --> 00:29:35,920 |
|
الـ Relative Risk كيف بدنا نحسب الـ Relative Risk؟ |
|
|
|
407 |
|
00:29:35,920 --> 00:29:38,560 |
|
توخدنا القانون الـ Relative Risk بيسموه الـ |
|
|
|
408 |
|
00:29:38,560 --> 00:29:44,400 |
|
Absolute Risk Exposed تقسيم الـ Absolute Risk Not |
|
|
|
409 |
|
00:29:44,400 --> 00:29:48,380 |
|
Exposedيعني معناته أنا عشان أحسب الـ Relative Risk |
|
|
|
410 |
|
00:29:48,380 --> 00:29:52,160 |
|
لازم أجيب الـ Absolute Risk Exposed فهو أخدنا إيش |
|
|
|
411 |
|
00:29:52,160 --> 00:29:55,440 |
|
الـ Absolute Risk Exposed الـ Absolute Risk |
|
|
|
412 |
|
00:29:55,440 --> 00:30:03,500 |
|
Exposed بساوي اللي هو الـ Children هايهم الـ |
|
|
|
413 |
|
00:30:03,500 --> 00:30:07,660 |
|
Children who are exposed to the risk factor اللي |
|
|
|
414 |
|
00:30:07,660 --> 00:30:12,520 |
|
هو الـ long needle and have swelling yes ع الـ |
|
|
|
415 |
|
00:30:12,520 --> 00:30:17,550 |
|
Total Exposedيعني الـ Children who are exposed to |
|
|
|
416 |
|
00:30:17,550 --> 00:30:21,870 |
|
the long needle and have swelling على الـ Total |
|
|
|
417 |
|
00:30:21,870 --> 00:30:25,870 |
|
Exposed يعني عشرين تقسيم مية وسوء عشرين في المية |
|
|
|
418 |
|
00:30:25,870 --> 00:30:30,550 |
|
هجيبنا مين؟ جيبنا الـ Absolute Risk Exposed طب الـ |
|
|
|
419 |
|
00:30:30,550 --> 00:30:33,950 |
|
Absolute Risk Not Exposed الـ Absolute Risk Not |
|
|
|
420 |
|
00:30:33,950 --> 00:30:37,410 |
|
Exposed أخدناته وقلنا الـ Children who are not |
|
|
|
421 |
|
00:30:37,410 --> 00:30:40,550 |
|
exposed to the long needle يعني اللي بتعالجه بالـ |
|
|
|
422 |
|
00:30:40,550 --> 00:30:43,860 |
|
Traditional Method الـ Short NeedleThe children |
|
|
|
423 |
|
00:30:43,860 --> 00:30:47,900 |
|
who are not exposed to the long needle and have |
|
|
|
424 |
|
00:30:47,900 --> 00:30:52,820 |
|
swelling a total not exposed يعني عشر تقسيم مية |
|
|
|
425 |
|
00:30:52,820 --> 00:30:55,600 |
|
عشر في المية يعني أنا بقدر أجيب ال relative risk |
|
|
|
426 |
|
00:30:55,600 --> 00:30:58,380 |
|
ولا لا؟ أه بقدر أجيب ال relative risk اللي هو |
|
|
|
427 |
|
00:30:58,380 --> 00:31:02,280 |
|
relative risk بيسوي absolute risk exposed تقسيم |
|
|
|
428 |
|
00:31:02,280 --> 00:31:04,860 |
|
absolute risk not exposed ال absolute risk exposed |
|
|
|
429 |
|
00:31:04,860 --> 00:31:08,700 |
|
كده اش طلعت؟ عشرين في المية وال absolute risk not |
|
|
|
430 |
|
00:31:08,700 --> 00:31:12,300 |
|
exposed عشر في المية عشرين في الميةتخسيم 10% |
|
|
|
431 |
|
00:31:12,300 --> 00:31:17,440 |
|
ويساوي ايش اتنين مشكلة ويساوي اتنين اللي هي |
|
|
|
432 |
|
00:31:17,440 --> 00:31:22,440 |
|
relative risk يعني تمام هل لو أجينا هي absolute |
|
|
|
433 |
|
00:31:22,440 --> 00:31:26,180 |
|
risk exposed عشرين فلمية حسبناها ولا absolute risk |
|
|
|
434 |
|
00:31:26,180 --> 00:31:32,530 |
|
not exposed حسبناها عشرة فلميةلما أجيب الـ |
|
|
|
435 |
|
00:31:32,530 --> 00:31:34,850 |
|
Relative Risk الـ Relative Risk بيساوي زي ما احنا |
|
|
|
436 |
|
00:31:34,850 --> 00:31:38,270 |
|
عارفين أنا الـ Relative Risk بيساوي اللي هي |
|
|
|
437 |
|
00:31:38,270 --> 00:31:41,970 |
|
Absolute Risk Exposed تقسيم Absolute Risk Not |
|
|
|
438 |
|
00:31:41,970 --> 00:31:47,750 |
|
Exposed 20% تقسيم 10% وبطلع 2 بطلع إيش؟ إتنين |
|
|
|
439 |
|
00:31:47,750 --> 00:31:51,010 |
|
إتنين |
|
|
|
440 |
|
00:31:51,010 --> 00:31:53,830 |
|
يعني إيش معنات إتنين؟ يعني الـ Relative Risk طلع |
|
|
|
441 |
|
00:31:53,830 --> 00:31:56,210 |
|
إتنين ما أحنا قلنا الـ Relative Risk دي one method |
|
|
|
442 |
|
00:31:56,210 --> 00:32:00,880 |
|
to calculate risk factorإيش معناها طلع اتنين؟ |
|
|
|
443 |
|
00:32:00,880 --> 00:32:05,420 |
|
اتنين يعني الـ Children who immunized with long |
|
|
|
444 |
|
00:32:05,420 --> 00:32:10,420 |
|
needle ها who are exposed and immunized with long |
|
|
|
445 |
|
00:32:10,420 --> 00:32:16,980 |
|
needle have two times، two times risk، risk، ها |
|
|
|
446 |
|
00:32:16,980 --> 00:32:20,820 |
|
two times risk to develop swelling in comparison |
|
|
|
447 |
|
00:32:20,820 --> 00:32:26,020 |
|
with the children who immunized with short needle |
|
|
|
448 |
|
00:32:26,330 --> 00:32:30,210 |
|
أو الـ Traditional Needle وبالطريقة هذه بقول مين |
|
|
|
449 |
|
00:32:30,210 --> 00:32:34,390 |
|
الأفضل هل أعمل immunization للأطفال بـ Long Needle |
|
|
|
450 |
|
00:32:34,390 --> 00:32:38,550 |
|
أو بShort Needle حسب ال evidence base دل لأن نعمله |
|
|
|
451 |
|
00:32:38,550 --> 00:32:42,650 |
|
immunization بShort Needle لأن الـ Long Needle طلع |
|
|
|
452 |
|
00:32:42,650 --> 00:32:47,470 |
|
two times أكتر يكون عند الطفل swelling من الناس |
|
|
|
453 |
|
00:32:47,470 --> 00:32:50,610 |
|
اللي هم أخدوا بالـ Traditional Method |
|
|
|
454 |
|
00:32:54,040 --> 00:32:57,680 |
|
في عينيها الـ Absolute Risk Reduction من اسمها |
|
|
|
455 |
|
00:32:57,680 --> 00:33:00,980 |
|
Absolute Risk بس Reduction Reduction يعني الفرق ما |
|
|
|
456 |
|
00:33:00,980 --> 00:33:04,600 |
|
بين Absolute Risk Exposed والAbsolute Risk Not |
|
|
|
457 |
|
00:33:04,600 --> 00:33:07,540 |
|
Exposed فالـ Absolute Risk Reduction بسوء Absolute |
|
|
|
458 |
|
00:33:07,540 --> 00:33:11,540 |
|
Risk Exposed ناقص Absolute Risk Not Exposedالـ |
|
|
|
459 |
|
00:33:11,540 --> 00:33:15,200 |
|
Absolute Risk is supposed لـ 20% نقص 10% هو يسوى |
|
|
|
460 |
|
00:33:15,200 --> 00:33:20,460 |
|
10% يعني إيش بيعنيها ده؟ إنه there was a 10 |
|
|
|
461 |
|
00:33:20,460 --> 00:33:25,020 |
|
percentage point reduction الـ risk of swelling |
|
|
|
462 |
|
00:33:25,020 --> 00:33:28,360 |
|
with the traditional method يعني الـ traditional |
|
|
|
463 |
|
00:33:28,360 --> 00:33:33,780 |
|
method الـ short needle أجال رسك بـ 10% يصير معها |
|
|
|
464 |
|
00:33:33,780 --> 00:33:38,090 |
|
swelling من الـ long needle و هذا مرة أخرىبأكد إن |
|
|
|
465 |
|
00:33:38,090 --> 00:33:42,870 |
|
الـ Short Needle أفضل للـ Immunization من الـ Long |
|
|
|
466 |
|
00:33:42,870 --> 00:33:46,130 |
|
Needle من الـ Long Needle حسب الـ Evidence Based |
|
|
|
467 |
|
00:33:46,130 --> 00:33:51,460 |
|
Healthطبعاً وهذه الطريقة الأولى تـCalculate Risk |
|
|
|
468 |
|
00:33:51,460 --> 00:33:53,580 |
|
Factor أحنا قلنا فيها أنها طريقتين تـCalculate |
|
|
|
469 |
|
00:33:53,580 --> 00:33:56,700 |
|
Risk Factor الطريقة الأولى الـRelative Risk وتحسب |
|
|
|
470 |
|
00:33:56,700 --> 00:33:59,860 |
|
عن طريق الـAbsolute Risk Exposed تمام تقسيم |
|
|
|
471 |
|
00:33:59,860 --> 00:34:02,560 |
|
الـAbsolute Risk Not Exposed والطريقة التانية |
|
|
|
472 |
|
00:34:02,560 --> 00:34:06,480 |
|
الـOdds Ratio أشكركم على حسن استماعكم وإن شاء الله |
|
|
|
473 |
|
00:34:06,480 --> 00:34:11,760 |
|
بنكمل في المحاضرة القادمة بإذن الله على الطريقة |
|
|
|
474 |
|
00:34:11,760 --> 00:34:15,600 |
|
الثانية لحساب الـRisk Factor وهي الـOdds Ratio |
|
|
|
|