|
1 |
|
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,900 |
|
ุจุณู
ุงููู ุงูุฑุญู
ู ุงูุฑุญูู
ูุณุชูู
ู ู
ุน ู
ุญุงุถุฑุฉ clinical |
|
|
|
2 |
|
00:00:03,900 --> 00:00:08,500 |
|
chemistry ู ูุชุญุฏุซ ุงูููู
ุฅู ุดุงุก ุงููู ุนู ู
ูุถูุน non |
|
|
|
3 |
|
00:00:08,500 --> 00:00:12,990 |
|
-protein nitrogen compoundsุจุงููุณุจุฉ ููู non-protein |
|
|
|
4 |
|
00:00:12,990 --> 00:00:17,730 |
|
nitrogen compounds ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู ู
ุฑูุจุงุช ููู ูุฐู |
|
|
|
5 |
|
00:00:17,730 --> 00:00:22,610 |
|
ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ูุง ูู proteins ููุง polypeptides the |
|
|
|
6 |
|
00:00:22,610 --> 00:00:24,870 |
|
nitrogen containing compounds that are not |
|
|
|
7 |
|
00:00:24,870 --> 00:00:30,050 |
|
proteins or polypeptides ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ุจูุณู
ููุง non |
|
|
|
8 |
|
00:00:30,050 --> 00:00:35,960 |
|
-protein nitrogen compounds ูุงููุง ุทุจุนุง ุฃูู
ูุฉ ูุฐู |
|
|
|
9 |
|
00:00:35,960 --> 00:00:41,040 |
|
ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ูู
ู ุฎูุงู ุชุญุฏูุฏ ูุนูู ุฒู ู
ุง ููุดูู |
|
|
|
10 |
|
00:00:41,040 --> 00:00:45,060 |
|
ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูุฐู ุทุจุนุง ูุนูู ุจุนุถ ู
ู ูุฐู |
|
|
|
11 |
|
00:00:45,060 --> 00:00:50,500 |
|
ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ูุงูุช ุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ูู
ุง ุฒุงูุช to monitor renal |
|
|
|
12 |
|
00:00:50,500 --> 00:00:58,820 |
|
function ูุจูู ููู ุงููุดู ุนู ูุนูู ูููููุฉ ุนู
ู ุงูููู ุฃู |
|
|
|
13 |
|
00:00:58,820 --> 00:01:02,840 |
|
ูุธููุฉ ุงูููู ูู
ุฑุงูุจุฉ ูุธููุฉ ุงูููู useful clinical |
|
|
|
14 |
|
00:01:02,840 --> 00:01:06,540 |
|
information is obtained from individual components |
|
|
|
15 |
|
00:01:06,540 --> 00:01:10,040 |
|
of non-protein nitrogen fraction ุฒู ู
ุง ููุดูู ูุนูู |
|
|
|
16 |
|
00:01:10,040 --> 00:01:14,380 |
|
ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ูููุง non-protein nitrogen ู |
|
|
|
17 |
|
00:01:14,380 --> 00:01:18,840 |
|
ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูุนูู ููููู ููุง ุฏูุงูุฉ ุณุฑูุฑูุฉ |
|
|
|
18 |
|
00:01:18,840 --> 00:01:24,180 |
|
ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูุชุณุงุนุฏ ุงูุทุจูุจ ูู ุงูู diagnosis ูู
ุฑุงูุจุฉ |
|
|
|
19 |
|
00:01:24,180 --> 00:01:29,970 |
|
ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูุฃู
ุฑุงุถ ุทุจุนุง ููุฌุฏ ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูู non |
|
|
|
20 |
|
00:01:29,970 --> 00:01:35,050 |
|
-protein nitrogen compounds ุชูุฑูุจุง 15 ู
ุฑูุจ ููู |
|
|
|
21 |
|
00:01:35,050 --> 00:01:40,250 |
|
ุงุญูุง ููุญูู ุนูู ุจุนุถ ู
ู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ุงููู ูุนูู ุชุนุชุจุฑ |
|
|
|
22 |
|
00:01:40,250 --> 00:01:46,230 |
|
ุงูุฃูู
ู
ู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ููุฐู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ูู ูุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู ุงูู |
|
|
|
23 |
|
00:01:46,230 --> 00:01:51,800 |
|
catabolism of proteins and nucleic acids ุจุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู |
|
|
|
24 |
|
00:01:51,800 --> 00:01:54,800 |
|
catabolism ุฃู ุงูู breakdown ููู proteins ุฃู ููู |
|
|
|
25 |
|
00:01:54,800 --> 00:02:01,040 |
|
nucleic acids ุจููุชุฌ ุนููุง ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
26 |
|
00:02:01,040 --> 00:02:05,360 |
|
non protein nitrogen compounds ู
ู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช |
|
|
|
27 |
|
00:02:05,360 --> 00:02:09,700 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุชุนุชุจุฑ ูุนูู ููุง ุฃูู
ูุฉ clinically ู |
|
|
|
28 |
|
00:02:09,700 --> 00:02:16,980 |
|
significant ุนูุฏูุง ุงูููุฑูุง ููุฐู ุงููุณุจ ุงููู ุจุชู
ุซู |
|
|
|
29 |
|
00:02:16,980 --> 00:02:23,350 |
|
ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ุงูุนู
ูุฏ ุงูุฃูู ุงููุณุจุฉ ููู ุงูู plasma ุงููู |
|
|
|
30 |
|
00:02:23,350 --> 00:02:26,730 |
|
ูู ุจูุญูู ุนูู percentage of total non-protein |
|
|
|
31 |
|
00:02:26,730 --> 00:02:32,210 |
|
nitrogen compounds ูุงูุนู
ูุฏ ุงูุขุฎุฑ ูู
ุซู ุงููุณุจุฉ ูู |
|
|
|
32 |
|
00:02:32,210 --> 00:02:40,710 |
|
ุงูู urine ุงูููุฑูุง ุทุจุนุง ูู ุจุชู
ุซู ุฃู ุชุฑููุฒูุง ูู ุฃุนูู |
|
|
|
33 |
|
00:02:40,710 --> 00:02:44,170 |
|
ุชุฑููุฒ ู
ู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ู ุงูู non-protein nitrogen |
|
|
|
34 |
|
00:02:44,170 --> 00:02:47,970 |
|
compounds ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูู ุงูู plasma ูุชู
ุซู ุงูู |
|
|
|
35 |
|
00:02:47,970 --> 00:02:55,220 |
|
concentration ููููุฑูุง 45 ุฅูู 50% ููุฐูู ุงูุฃู
ุฑ ุจู |
|
|
|
36 |
|
00:02:55,220 --> 00:03:01,340 |
|
ุงูู urine ููู ุงููุณุจุฉ ู
ุฑุชูุนุฉ ุจุชู
ุซู 86% ู
ู ุงูู 9 |
|
|
|
37 |
|
00:03:01,340 --> 00:03:04,260 |
|
protein nitrogen compounds ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ ููุง excretion |
|
|
|
38 |
|
00:03:04,260 --> 00:03:11,230 |
|
ูู ุงูู urine ุงูู amino acids 25% ูู ุงูู plasma ูุทุจุนุง |
|
|
|
39 |
|
00:03:11,230 --> 00:03:14,790 |
|
ูู ุงูู urine ุงูู
ูุฑูุถ ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุงูุฅูุณุงู ุทุจูุนู ู
ุง ููููุด |
|
|
|
40 |
|
00:03:14,790 --> 00:03:17,630 |
|
ููู ุนูุฏู amino acids ูู ุงูู urine ูุฅูู ุงูู amino |
|
|
|
41 |
|
00:03:17,630 --> 00:03:21,190 |
|
acids ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ ููุง ... ุจูุตูุฑ ููุง filtration ุจุฑุฌุน |
|
|
|
42 |
|
00:03:21,190 --> 00:03:25,790 |
|
ุจูุตูุฑ ููุง reabsorption ุงู
ุชุตุงุต ูุจุชุฏุฎู ููุฏู
ู
ุฑุฉ |
|
|
|
43 |
|
00:03:25,790 --> 00:03:31,140 |
|
ุฃุฎุฑู ุงูู Uric Acid ุงููุณุจุฉ ูู ุงูุฏู
10% ุงููุณุจุฉ ูู |
|
|
|
44 |
|
00:03:31,140 --> 00:03:38,800 |
|
ุงูููุฑูู 1.7% ุงููุฑูุงุชูููู 5% ูู ุงูุฏู
ู 4.5% ูู |
|
|
|
45 |
|
00:03:38,800 --> 00:03:46,950 |
|
ุงูููุฑูู ุงููุฑูุงุชูู 1 ุฅูู 2% ูู ุงูู ุจูุงุฒู
ุง ูุงูู
ูุฑูุถ ู
ุด |
|
|
|
46 |
|
00:03:46,950 --> 00:03:50,270 |
|
ู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ุงูู urine ูุงูู ammonia point 2 ูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
47 |
|
00:03:50,270 --> 00:03:55,270 |
|
plasma ุทุจุนุง ุงูู concentration ููููุฉ ุฌุฏุง ูุฃู ุงูู |
|
|
|
48 |
|
00:03:55,270 --> 00:03:59,170 |
|
ammonia toxic ูุฒู ู
ุง ููุดูู ุนุดุงู ููู ุจุชูุชุญูููุง ุฅูู |
|
|
|
49 |
|
00:03:59,170 --> 00:04:04,730 |
|
ู
ุฑูุจ ุฃูู ุณู
ูุฉ ููู ุงูู urea ููู ุนูุฏูุง ุจุงูู urine |
|
|
|
50 |
|
00:04:04,730 --> 00:04:10,630 |
|
ุจุชููู ุงููุณุจุฉ 2.8% ูุฅูู ุจูุตููุง excretion ูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
51 |
|
00:04:10,630 --> 00:04:19,860 |
|
urine ุฃูุถุง ูุจุฏุฃ ูู ุงูู
ุฑูุจ ุงูุฃูู ููู ุงูููุฑูุง ูุฃูุถุง |
|
|
|
52 |
|
00:04:19,860 --> 00:04:28,220 |
|
ูุณู
ู ุงูููุฑูุง nitrogen ุฃู blood urea nitrogen ูุจูู |
|
|
|
53 |
|
00:04:28,220 --> 00:04:34,590 |
|
ุจุนุถ ุงูุจูุงุฏ ู
ุง ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ุงููู ูู ู
ุณู
ู ุงูููุฑูุง ุฒู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
54 |
|
00:04:34,590 --> 00:04:39,590 |
|
ูู ููุณุทูู ูุจุนุถ ุงูุจูุงุฏ ุงูุฃุฎุฑู ู
ุง ุฒุงูุช ุชุณุชุฎุฏู
|
|
|
|
55 |
|
00:04:39,590 --> 00:04:44,050 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง nitrogen ุฃู ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุจูุณู
ู ุฃูุถุง blood |
|
|
|
56 |
|
00:04:44,050 --> 00:04:47,950 |
|
urea nitrogen ูุงููุฑู ุจูู ุงูู
ุณู
ููู ูู
ุง ูุญูู |
|
|
|
57 |
|
00:04:47,950 --> 00:04:55,230 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ู
ุนูุงุชู ุจูุญูู ุนู ุงูู molecular weight ูู ... ูู |
|
|
|
58 |
|
00:04:55,230 --> 00:04:59,570 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ูููุง ุชู
ุงู
ุ ุจูุจูู ุจูุญูู ุนูู ุงูู concentration |
|
|
|
59 |
|
00:04:59,570 --> 00:05:04,110 |
|
ููู ุงูููุฑูุง ููู ูู
ุง ุจูุญูู blood urea nitrogen |
|
|
|
60 |
|
00:05:04,110 --> 00:05:11,130 |
|
ุจูุญูู ุนู ุงูู nitrogen ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ุงูููุฑูุง ุชู
ุงู
ุ |
|
|
|
61 |
|
00:05:11,130 --> 00:05:14,230 |
|
ุจูุจูู ุฅู
ุง ุจูุญูู ุนู ุงูููุฑูุง ููู ุฃู ุจูุญูู ุนู ุงูู |
|
|
|
62 |
|
00:05:14,230 --> 00:05:17,650 |
|
nitrogen ุงููู ูู ุฃูุถุง ู
ุนุจุฑ ุนูู ุจุฑุถู ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
63 |
|
00:05:17,650 --> 00:05:21,760 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ููู ูุนูู ูุจูู ุจุนุถ ุงูุจูุงุฏ ู
ุง ุฒุงูุช ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ูู |
|
|
|
64 |
|
00:05:21,760 --> 00:05:25,080 |
|
ุงูู blood urea nitrogen ุทุจุนุง ุฒู ู
ุง ุดููุง ูู ุฃุนูู |
|
|
|
65 |
|
00:05:25,080 --> 00:05:28,600 |
|
concentration ูู ุงูุฏู
ู
ููููุง ุชูุฑูุจุง ุจูู
ุซู ูุนูู 45 |
|
|
|
66 |
|
00:05:28,600 --> 00:05:34,620 |
|
ุฅูู 50% ู
ู ุงูู non-protein nitrogen compounds ูุงูู |
|
|
|
67 |
|
00:05:34,620 --> 00:05:38,780 |
|
urea ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุงูู major execratory product of protein |
|
|
|
68 |
|
00:05:38,780 --> 00:05:43,220 |
|
metabolism ูุจูู ุนู
ูุช ุงูู breakdown ูู ุงูู proteins |
|
|
|
69 |
|
00:05:43,220 --> 00:05:50,250 |
|
ุทุจุนุง ุจููุชุฌ ุนููุง amino ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง deamination ูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
70 |
|
00:05:50,250 --> 00:05:55,970 |
|
amino group ู
ู ุงูู protein ูุจุชุชุญูู ุฅูู ammonia ูุงูู |
|
|
|
71 |
|
00:05:55,970 --> 00:06:02,110 |
|
ammonia ูุจุณุจุจ ุฃููุง toxic ููุฌูุฏูุง ูู ุงูู ... |
|
|
|
72 |
|
00:06:02,110 --> 00:06:08,850 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ู
ู
ูู ูุฑูุน ูู ุงูู pH ููุฏู
ุงูู ุจู ... ุจุงูุชุงูู ูุงุฒู
|
|
|
|
73 |
|
00:06:08,850 --> 00:06:16,730 |
|
ุงูุฌุณู
ูุญูู ูุฐู ุงูุฃู
ูููุง ุฅูู ู
ุฑูุจ ุขุฎุฑ ููู ุงูููุฑูุง |
|
|
|
74 |
|
00:06:16,730 --> 00:06:19,510 |
|
these processes release nitrogen which is |
|
|
|
75 |
|
00:06:19,510 --> 00:06:21,650 |
|
converted to ammonia ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุงููู ูู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู |
|
|
|
76 |
|
00:06:21,650 --> 00:06:24,910 |
|
break down ูู ุงูู protein ูุงูู deamination ุงููู |
|
|
|
77 |
|
00:06:24,910 --> 00:06:29,070 |
|
ุจุชุตูุฑ ูู ุงูู amino group ูุงูู ammonia group ุชุชุญูู ุฅูู |
|
|
|
78 |
|
00:06:29,070 --> 00:06:35,330 |
|
ammonia ูุจุนุฏ ููู ุงูู ammonia ุจุชุชุญูู ูู ุงูู liver ู |
|
|
|
79 |
|
00:06:35,330 --> 00:06:40,790 |
|
ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูู urea cycle ุจุชุชุญูู ุฅูู urea ู
ู ุงุชุญุงุฏ |
|
|
|
80 |
|
00:06:40,790 --> 00:06:47,870 |
|
carbon dioxide CO2 ู
ุน ammonia ุชู
ุงู
ููุฐุง ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
81 |
|
00:06:47,870 --> 00:06:54,470 |
|
ุงูุดูู ุงูููุฑูุง C double bond O NH2 NH2 ุทุจุนุง ุฒู ู
ุง |
|
|
|
82 |
|
00:06:54,470 --> 00:06:57,990 |
|
ูููุง ุฅูู ุณุงุจูุง ุงูุฃุณุงุณ for ุงูู urea were based on |
|
|
|
83 |
|
00:06:57,990 --> 00:07:03,450 |
|
measurement of nitrogen ูุงูุช ุจุชุนุชู
ุฏ ุนูู ูููุงุณ |
|
|
|
84 |
|
00:07:03,450 --> 00:07:09,010 |
|
ู
ุณุชูู ุงูู nitrogen ูู ุงูููุฑูุง ูุฒู ู
ุง ุญูููุง ูุงู ุงูู |
|
|
|
85 |
|
00:07:09,010 --> 00:07:13,470 |
|
... ุงูู
ุณู
ู ุงููู ูู blood urea nitrogen ูุฃูุถุง ู
ุง |
|
|
|
86 |
|
00:07:13,470 --> 00:07:17,530 |
|
ุฒุงู ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูุจูุฏุงู ุจูุณุชุฎุฏู
ูุง ูุฐุง ุงูู
ุตุทูุญ ุงููู |
|
|
|
87 |
|
00:07:17,530 --> 00:07:22,030 |
|
ูู blood urea nitrogen executed by the kidneys 40 |
|
|
|
88 |
|
00:07:22,030 --> 00:07:26,330 |
|
percent reabsorbed ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ ููู ุฅูููุง filtration |
|
|
|
89 |
|
00:07:26,330 --> 00:07:34,390 |
|
ููููุฑูุง ุชููุถ ุงููู ูู ุงูุฏู
ุจูุงูุชูุฌ ุนูู ููุฑูุง ุงูุขู ุงูู |
|
|
|
90 |
|
00:07:34,390 --> 00:07:38,090 |
|
... ุงููุณุจุฉ ู
ู ุงูู ... ุงูู filtrate ู
ู ุงูููุฑูุง ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ |
|
|
|
91 |
|
00:07:38,090 --> 00:07:41,730 |
|
ุจุงูู filtrate ูุฐู ุจุฑุฌุน ุจูุตูุฑ ููุง reabsorption ู
ุฑุฉ |
|
|
|
92 |
|
00:07:41,730 --> 00:07:45,890 |
|
ุฃุฎุฑูุ ูุนูู ุจุฑุฌุน ุจูุตูุฑ ููุง ุงู
ุชุตุงุต ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ูุจุชุฏุฎู |
|
|
|
93 |
|
00:07:45,890 --> 00:07:49,190 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ูู ุฃุฑุจุนูู ุจุงูู
ูุฉุ ูุจูู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
94 |
|
00:07:49,190 --> 00:07:53,930 |
|
ุชูููุฉ ุจุชุฏุฎู ุงููู ูู ุงูููุฑูุง ูู ุงูู filtrate ู |
|
|
|
95 |
|
00:07:53,930 --> 00:07:58,850 |
|
ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง reabsorption ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู
ุชุตุงุต ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ูู |
|
|
|
96 |
|
00:07:58,850 --> 00:08:06,730 |
|
40% ู
ู ุงูููุฑูุง ูุฐู ูุจุชุฏุฎู ููุฏู
ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ูุฅูู ุฃูุถุง |
|
|
|
97 |
|
00:08:06,730 --> 00:08:10,590 |
|
ุฌุฒุก ู
ู ุงูููุฑูุง ุจูุตูุฑ ูู excretion ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูู gastro |
|
|
|
98 |
|
00:08:10,590 --> 00:08:13,790 |
|
-intestinal tract ูุฃูุถุง ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูู skin ูุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
99 |
|
00:08:13,790 --> 00:08:16,670 |
|
ุจูู
ุซู ุฃูู ู
ู 10% |
|
|
|
100 |
|
00:08:18,720 --> 00:08:23,620 |
|
ุงูุขู ุงููู ุจูุญุฏุฏ ูู
ูุฉ ุงูููุฑูุง ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
101 |
|
00:08:23,620 --> 00:08:29,480 |
|
ุฅููุง ุงูู renal function ุฃู ุฒู ู
ุง ุดููุง ุจุงูุฃูู ุญูููุง |
|
|
|
102 |
|
00:08:29,480 --> 00:08:35,160 |
|
ุฅููู ูุนูู ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ุงูู non protein nitrogen compounds |
|
|
|
103 |
|
00:08:35,160 --> 00:08:39,780 |
|
ูุงููู ู
ู ุถู
ููุง ุทุจุนุง ุงูููุฑูุง ููู ู
ุนุฑูุฉ ุฃู ููู |
|
|
|
104 |
|
00:08:39,780 --> 00:08:44,090 |
|
ุชุญุฏูุฏ ุงููู ูู ุงูู renal function ูุจูู ู
ู ุงูู
ุญุฏุฏุงุช ูู |
|
|
|
105 |
|
00:08:44,090 --> 00:08:48,190 |
|
ุงูู concentration of urea ุงูู renal function ุฅุฐุง |
|
|
|
106 |
|
00:08:48,190 --> 00:08:52,910 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู renal function ููุตุช ูุจูู ูุฐุง ูุคุฏู ุฅูู |
|
|
|
107 |
|
00:08:52,910 --> 00:08:59,430 |
|
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงูู urea ูู ุงูุฏู
ุทุจุนุง ุจูุนูู ุงูุนูุงูุฉ ุนูุณูุฉ |
|
|
|
108 |
|
00:08:59,760 --> 00:09:05,960 |
|
ุฃูุถุง ุฅูู ุงูู dietary intake ูุฅูู ุญูููุง ุฅูู ุงูู ... ุงูู |
|
|
|
109 |
|
00:09:05,960 --> 00:09:10,040 |
|
... ุงูู urea ูู ูุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู ุงูู catabolism ููู protein |
|
|
|
110 |
|
00:09:10,040 --> 00:09:15,320 |
|
ุงูู breakdown ููู protein ุจููุชุฌ ุนูู urea ูุจูู ุฅุฐุง |
|
|
|
111 |
|
00:09:15,320 --> 00:09:19,840 |
|
ูุงู ุฒุงุฏุช ุนูุฏูุง ูู
ูุฉ ุงูู protein ูู ุงูู diet ุชู
ุงู
|
|
|
|
112 |
|
00:09:19,840 --> 00:09:23,620 |
|
ูุจูู ูุชุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง breakdown ูู proteins ูุจุงูุชุงูู |
|
|
|
113 |
|
00:09:23,620 --> 00:09:28,220 |
|
amino acids ุฃูุจุฑ ููุชุฑุชูุน ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู urea ูู ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
114 |
|
00:09:28,220 --> 00:09:35,740 |
|
ูุฃู ุงูุฌุณู
ูุง ูุฎุฒู ุงูู amino acids ุชู
ุงู
ุงูุฌุณู
ูุง |
|
|
|
115 |
|
00:09:35,740 --> 00:09:38,320 |
|
ูุฎุฒู ุงูู amino acids ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุงูู amino acids |
|
|
|
116 |
|
00:09:38,320 --> 00:09:46,860 |
|
ุงูุฒุงุฆุฏุฉ ุนู ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงูุฌุณู
ุจูุตูุฑ ููุง breakdown ุฃูุถุง ุงูู
ุญุฏุฏ |
|
|
|
117 |
|
00:09:46,860 --> 00:09:51,320 |
|
ุงูุชุงูู ูู ุงูู concentration protein catabolism rate |
|
|
|
118 |
|
00:09:51,320 --> 00:09:57,860 |
|
ูู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู breakdown ููู proteins ุฅุฐุง ุฒุงุฏุช ุงูู |
|
|
|
119 |
|
00:09:57,860 --> 00:10:01,220 |
|
breakdown ูู ุฃู ุงูู catabolism ููู protein ูุณุจุจ ุฃู |
|
|
|
120 |
|
00:10:01,220 --> 00:10:06,180 |
|
ูุขุฎุฑ ูุฐุง ุจุฑุถู ุญูุฒูุฏ ู
ู ุงูู urea concentration |
|
|
|
121 |
|
00:10:06,180 --> 00:10:11,100 |
|
ุณุฑูุฑููุง ูุทุจุนุง ูุนูู ุงูุฃุทุจุงุก ููุด ุจูุณุชุฎุฏู
ูุง ุงูู urea |
|
|
|
122 |
|
00:10:11,100 --> 00:10:14,260 |
|
concentration ููุด ุจูุทูุจูุง ุถู
ู ุงููุญูุตุงุช ุงูู urea |
|
|
|
123 |
|
00:10:15,510 --> 00:10:22,050 |
|
ุทุจุนุง ููุง ูุนูู ุฃูู
ูุฉ ูู ุชุญุฏูุฏ ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูุฃู
ูุฑ |
|
|
|
124 |
|
00:10:22,050 --> 00:10:25,210 |
|
measurement of urea is used to evaluate renal |
|
|
|
125 |
|
00:10:25,210 --> 00:10:30,690 |
|
function ุงูู
ูู
ูุฃู ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ู
ู ุงูู
ุญุฏุฏุงุช ูุฅู ุงูู |
|
|
|
126 |
|
00:10:30,690 --> 00:10:33,230 |
|
concentration ููููุฑูุง ูู ุงูุฏู
ูู ุงูู renal function |
|
|
|
127 |
|
00:10:33,230 --> 00:10:37,050 |
|
ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุงูุนูุงูุฉ ุนูุณูุฉ ูู ู
ุง ููุตุช ุงูู renal |
|
|
|
128 |
|
00:10:37,050 --> 00:10:40,610 |
|
function ูู ู
ุง ุฒุงุฏุช ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู urea concentration |
|
|
|
129 |
|
00:10:40,610 --> 00:10:48,520 |
|
ุฃูุถุง ุงูู hydration status ูุฅูู ุนูุฏูุง ูู
ูุฉ |
|
|
|
130 |
|
00:10:48,520 --> 00:10:52,200 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ ููุง reabsorption ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุงููู |
|
|
|
131 |
|
00:10:52,200 --> 00:10:55,920 |
|
ุจุชุฏุฎู ููุฏู
ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุงูู concentration |
|
|
|
132 |
|
00:10:55,920 --> 00:11:00,600 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ุงููู ูู ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ุจูุญุฏุฏูุง ุฃูุถุง ุงูู |
|
|
|
133 |
|
00:11:00,600 --> 00:11:05,000 |
|
hydration status ููู patient ุฃู ููุดุฎุต ูุจุงูุชุงูู the |
|
|
|
134 |
|
00:11:05,000 --> 00:11:08,380 |
|
amount of urine reabsorbed depends on urine flow |
|
|
|
135 |
|
00:11:08,380 --> 00:11:15,690 |
|
rate and extent of hydration ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุงูุดุฎุต ูุงู ูุนูู |
|
|
|
136 |
|
00:11:15,690 --> 00:11:20,130 |
|
dehydrated ููู ุตุงุฑ ุนูุฏู ููุต ุจุงูู
ุงุก ุจูู
ูุงุช ู
ู
ูู |
|
|
|
137 |
|
00:11:20,130 --> 00:11:25,430 |
|
ูุจูุฑุฉ ูุจูู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู ุฃูุซุฑ reabsorption |
|
|
|
138 |
|
00:11:25,430 --> 00:11:29,490 |
|
ููููุฑูุง ูุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู reabsorption ููููุฑูุง ุจุชุณุงุนุฏ |
|
|
|
139 |
|
00:11:29,490 --> 00:11:35,830 |
|
ุนูู ุงู
ุชุตุงุต ุฃูุจุฑ ููู
ูุงู ู
ู ุงูู urine ูุงูู
ูุงู ูุฐู ุจุฑุฌุน |
|
|
|
140 |
|
00:11:35,830 --> 00:11:40,990 |
|
ุชุฏุฎู ุงูุฏู
ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ูุนูู ุงูุฌุณู
ุจูุญุงูู ุฅูู ู
ุง ูููุฏุด |
|
|
|
141 |
|
00:11:40,990 --> 00:11:48,830 |
|
ู
ูู ู ูุฐุง ุทุจุนุง ุจูููู ู
ู ุถู
ู ุงูุทุฑู ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงู |
|
|
|
142 |
|
00:11:48,830 --> 00:11:54,300 |
|
reabsorption ููููุฑูุง ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑูุฃูุถุง ุงู urea |
|
|
|
143 |
|
00:11:54,300 --> 00:11:58,740 |
|
concentration ุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ูุชุญุฏูุฏ ุงู nitrogen balance |
|
|
|
144 |
|
00:11:58,740 --> 00:12:02,180 |
|
ูุฅุฐุง ูุงูุฑ .. ุฅุฐุง ูุงูุฑูู ู
ุง ุญูููุง ุนู ุงู nitrogen |
|
|
|
145 |
|
00:12:02,180 --> 00:12:06,120 |
|
balance ููููุง ูู ุงู nitrogen intake ูุงูุต ุงู |
|
|
|
146 |
|
00:12:06,120 --> 00:12:11,060 |
|
nitrogen loss ู ุงู nitrogen loss ุฒู ู
ุง ุดูููุง ุฃูู |
|
|
|
147 |
|
00:12:11,060 --> 00:12:13,220 |
|
ุงู non-protein nitrogen compounds ุงููู ุจูุณูุญ |
|
|
|
148 |
|
00:12:13,220 --> 00:12:17,680 |
|
excretion ูู ุงู urine ุงู urea ุจุชู
ุซู ุฎู
ุณุฉ ู ุชู
ุงููู |
|
|
|
149 |
|
00:12:17,680 --> 00:12:22,690 |
|
ุจุงูู
ูุฉ ู
ู ูุฐู ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุชุชู
ุงู
ุ ูุจูู ู
ู
ูู ู
ู ุฎูุงู |
|
|
|
150 |
|
00:12:22,690 --> 00:12:29,170 |
|
ุญุณุงุจูุง ูุงูููุฑูุง ูุนุฑู ูุฏุงุด ูุนูู ูู
ูุฉ ุงู nitrogen |
|
|
|
151 |
|
00:12:29,170 --> 00:12:32,590 |
|
loss ูุฏุงุด ุงููู ูู ูู
ูุฉ ุงู nitrogen ุงููู ุจูููุฏูุง |
|
|
|
152 |
|
00:12:32,590 --> 00:12:39,130 |
|
ุงูุฌุณู
ู ุทุจุนุง ู
ู
ูู ูุญุณุจ ุงู nitrogen ุงููู ุจูุฏุฎู |
|
|
|
153 |
|
00:12:39,130 --> 00:12:44,130 |
|
ููุฌุณู
ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงู diet ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูุบุฐุงุก ุงููู ุจูุชูุงููู |
|
|
|
154 |
|
00:12:44,130 --> 00:12:48,010 |
|
ุงูุฅูุณุงู ู ุจููู ู
ู
ูู ูุญุณุจ ุงููู ูู ุงู nitrogen |
|
|
|
155 |
|
00:12:48,420 --> 00:12:52,580 |
|
balance ููู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู ุงู nitrogen intake ูุงูุต ุงู |
|
|
|
156 |
|
00:12:52,580 --> 00:12:55,780 |
|
nitrogen loss ูุจูู ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ูู ุชุญุฏูุฏ ุงู nitrogen |
|
|
|
157 |
|
00:12:55,780 --> 00:13:00,100 |
|
balance ุฃูุถุง and aid in the diagnosis of renal disease |
|
|
|
158 |
|
00:13:00,100 --> 00:13:05,140 |
|
ูุจูู ูู ู
ู ุงููุญูุตุงุช ุงููู ุฏุงุฆู
ุง ุจุชูุทูุจ ููู ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
159 |
|
00:13:05,140 --> 00:13:10,760 |
|
ู
ุนุฑูุฉ ุงู renal function ูุงูุชุญุฏูุฏ ุฅุฐุง ู
ุง ูุงู ููุงู |
|
|
|
160 |
|
00:13:10,760 --> 00:13:15,920 |
|
ู
ุฑุถ ุฃุตุงุจ ุงููู ูู ุงูููู ุฃู ูุฃ ุฒู ุนูู ุณุจูู ุงูู
ุซุงู |
|
|
|
161 |
|
00:13:15,920 --> 00:13:19,800 |
|
ู
ู
ูู acute kidney failure ุฃู chronic kidney |
|
|
|
162 |
|
00:13:19,800 --> 00:13:25,560 |
|
failure ุฃู ุงูุฃู
ุฑุงุถ ุงูุฃุฎุฑู ุฃูุถุง to verify adequacy |
|
|
|
163 |
|
00:13:25,560 --> 00:13:30,360 |
|
of dialysisุงููุงุณ ุงููู ุนูุฏูู
renal failure |
|
|
|
164 |
|
00:13:30,360 --> 00:13:35,740 |
|
ุจูุนู
ููุง ุงู ุจูููู
ูุง ุจุบุณูู ููุฏู
ุงููู ูู ุงู dialysis |
|
|
|
165 |
|
00:13:35,740 --> 00:13:42,380 |
|
ู ู
ู
ูู ู
ู ุฎูุงู ูุญุตูุง ู ุงู urea concentration ูุนุฑู |
|
|
|
166 |
|
00:13:42,380 --> 00:13:47,880 |
|
ุงุฐุง ูุงู ุนุฏุฏ ู
ุฑุงุช ุงูุบุณูู ู ูุชุฑุงุช ุงูุบุณูู ูุงููุฉ |
|
|
|
167 |
|
00:13:47,880 --> 00:13:52,720 |
|
ูุชูููุฉ ุงูุฏู
ุงู ูุง ูุนูู ูุฐุง ุจูููู ู
ู ุญุณุงุจ ุงู urea |
|
|
|
168 |
|
00:13:52,720 --> 00:13:59,470 |
|
ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูุฏู
ูุนูู ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูู
ุดููุงุช ุฃู |
|
|
|
169 |
|
00:13:59,470 --> 00:14:03,410 |
|
ุงูุฃู
ุฑุงุถ ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ุชุคุฏู ุฅูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงู urea |
|
|
|
170 |
|
00:14:03,410 --> 00:14:12,100 |
|
concentration ูู ุงูุฏู
ู ุงููู ูู ุชุณู
ู Azotemiaูุจูู |
|
|
|
171 |
|
00:14:12,100 --> 00:14:17,060 |
|
ุงูุงุฒูุชูู
ูุง ู
ุนูุงูุง elevated concentration of urea |
|
|
|
172 |
|
00:14:17,060 --> 00:14:23,420 |
|
in blood ุงูุขู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงู urea ูุงุชุฌ ุนู renal |
|
|
|
173 |
|
00:14:23,420 --> 00:14:28,240 |
|
failure ุงููู ูู ูุดู ูููู ุชู
ุงู
ุฒู ู
ุง ุจูููููุง ุฅุฐุง ูุงู |
|
|
|
174 |
|
00:14:28,240 --> 00:14:31,920 |
|
ูููุง ูุดู ูููู ู
ุนูุงุชู ูุชุฑุชูุน ููุง ุงูููุฑูุง ุจูู
ูุงุช |
|
|
|
175 |
|
00:14:31,920 --> 00:14:36,240 |
|
ูุจูุฑุฉ ูู ุงูุฏู
ูุฅูู ุนูุฏูุง ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงู excretion |
|
|
|
176 |
|
00:14:36,240 --> 00:14:40,880 |
|
ุญูุตูุฑููุง ุงูููุฑูุง ูุจูู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงูููุฑูุง ูุงุชุฌ |
|
|
|
177 |
|
00:14:40,880 --> 00:14:48,780 |
|
ุนู renal failure ูุจูู ุจูุฐุง ุงูุญุงูุฉ ุจูุณู
ู ุงู uremia |
|
|
|
178 |
|
00:14:48,780 --> 00:14:55,080 |
|
ุฃู the uremic syndromeูุงู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ุชุณู
ู uremia ุฃู |
|
|
|
179 |
|
00:14:55,080 --> 00:14:59,300 |
|
the uremic syndrome ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ูุงู ูููุง renal failure |
|
|
|
180 |
|
00:14:59,300 --> 00:15:08,860 |
|
ูุดู ูููู ูุตุงุฑ ูููุง ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงูููุฑูุง ูู ุงูุฏู
ู
ู
ูู |
|
|
|
181 |
|
00:15:08,860 --> 00:15:18,990 |
|
ุฃู ููุณู
ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ุงูุงุฒูุชูู
ูุง ุฅูู ุชูุช ุฃูุณุงู
ุจูุงุก ุนูู ุณุจุจ |
|
|
|
182 |
|
00:15:18,990 --> 00:15:25,330 |
|
ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ pre-renal ุชู
ุงู
ููู ุงููู ุฃุฏุช ุฅูู |
|
|
|
183 |
|
00:15:25,330 --> 00:15:31,030 |
|
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงูููุฑูุง ุฃู renalุฃู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ post-renal ูู |
|
|
|
184 |
|
00:15:31,030 --> 00:15:35,810 |
|
ุงูู pre-renal ุฃุฒูุชูู
ูุง ู ุทุจุนุง ู
ู ุงูุฅุณู
pre ูุนูู ู
ุง |
|
|
|
185 |
|
00:15:35,810 --> 00:15:41,610 |
|
ูุจู ุงูููู ูุนูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ูู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ู
ุง ูุจู |
|
|
|
186 |
|
00:15:41,610 --> 00:15:46,570 |
|
ุงูููู ุงูููู ุณููู
ุฉ ู
ุงููุด ูููุง ู
ุดููุฉ ููู ู
ุดููุฉ |
|
|
|
187 |
|
00:15:46,570 --> 00:15:51,190 |
|
ุญุฏุซุช ู
ุง ูุจู ุงูููู ูู ุงููู ุฃุฏุช ุฅูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงูููุฑูุง |
|
|
|
188 |
|
00:15:52,910 --> 00:15:58,570 |
|
ููู ุฃู ุงูู reduced renal blood flow ูุจูู ุงูุฎูุงุถ |
|
|
|
189 |
|
00:15:58,570 --> 00:16:03,830 |
|
ูู
ูุฉ ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ุจุชุตู ูุงูููู ูุฐู ูุชุคุฏู ุฅูู less |
|
|
|
190 |
|
00:16:03,830 --> 00:16:08,500 |
|
blood is delivered to the kidneyูู
ูุงุช ุฃูู ู
ู ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
191 |
|
00:16:08,500 --> 00:16:13,360 |
|
ูุชุฏุฎู ู ุงู kidney ู ูุชุฏุฎู ู ุงู glomerulus ู |
|
|
|
192 |
|
00:16:13,360 --> 00:16:19,760 |
|
ุจุงูุชุงูู less urea filtered ูู
ูุงุช ุฃูู ุจุดูู ุนุงู
|
|
|
|
193 |
|
00:16:19,760 --> 00:16:23,680 |
|
ูุชุตูุฑ ุชููู ุนูู ูู
ูุงุช ุฃูู ู
ู ุงูุฏู
ู ุจุงูุชุงูู ูุชุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
194 |
|
00:16:23,680 --> 00:16:28,600 |
|
ูููุง excretion ููู
ูุงุช ุฃูู ู
ู ุงู urea ูู ุงู urine ู |
|
|
|
195 |
|
00:16:28,600 --> 00:16:33,820 |
|
ุจุงูุชุงูู ูุฐุง ููุคุฏู ุฅูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู ุงู urea ูู ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
196 |
|
00:16:33,820 --> 00:16:41,380 |
|
ุชู
ุงู
ุงุญูุง ุนูุฏูุง ูุฐุงูู ุงู .. ุงู kidney ูู ุฌููุง ุฎุฏูุง |
|
|
|
197 |
|
00:16:41,380 --> 00:16:47,120 |
|
ู
ูุทุน ู ูุจุฑูุงู ูู ููููู ุงููู ูู ุดูู ุงู kidney ููุง |
|
|
|
198 |
|
00:16:47,120 --> 00:16:51,860 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ุงู cortex ู ููุง ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู
ุถูุฉ ู ุญูููุง ุณุงุจูุง |
|
|
|
199 |
|
00:16:51,860 --> 00:16:58,110 |
|
ุงูู ุงู nephronูู ุงู functional unit ู ุงูููู ูุจูู |
|
|
|
200 |
|
00:16:58,110 --> 00:17:02,330 |
|
ุงููุญุฏุฉ ุงููุธูููุฉ ู ุงูููู ูู ุงูููุฑูู ุชู
ุงู
ููู ูู |
|
|
|
201 |
|
00:17:02,330 --> 00:17:07,170 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ููุฑูู ููู ูู ูู ููุฑูู ุขุฎุฑ ูุงู ูู ุฌููุง ูุจุฑูุง |
|
|
|
202 |
|
00:17:07,170 --> 00:17:13,870 |
|
ุงูููุฑูู ุดููุฉ ุงูููุฑูู ุจุชููู ู
ู ุงู glomerulus ู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
203 |
|
00:17:13,870 --> 00:17:20,120 |
|
ุงู tubulesุทุจุนุง ุงู glomerulus ููู ุจูุฏุฎู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
204 |
|
00:17:20,120 --> 00:17:25,220 |
|
ุทุจุนุง ูุจูู ุจูุฏุฎู ุงูุฏู
ุทุจุนุง ุจูุฏุฎู ุงู .. ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
205 |
|
00:17:25,220 --> 00:17:29,240 |
|
ุงูุดุฑูุงู ู ุงู .. ุงู kidney ู ุจูุตูุฑ ุจุนุฏ ุฐูู ุชูุฑุน ู |
|
|
|
206 |
|
00:17:29,240 --> 00:17:34,320 |
|
ุจูุฏุฎู ูุงู ุงู .. ุงููู ุจุฏุฎู ู ุงู glomerulus ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
207 |
|
00:17:34,320 --> 00:17:40,340 |
|
ุงู afferent arteriole ูุจูู ุงูุฏู
ุจุฏุฎู ู ุงูููุฑูู ุนู |
|
|
|
208 |
|
00:17:40,340 --> 00:17:46,270 |
|
ุทุฑูู ุงู afferent arterioleู ุจุนุฏูู ุจูุชุดุนุจ ุงูู ุดุจูุฉ |
|
|
|
209 |
|
00:17:46,270 --> 00:17:50,830 |
|
ู
ู ุงูุฃูุนูุฉ ุงูุฏู
ููุฉ ู ุจุนุฏูู ุงูุฏู
ุจุนุฏ ู
ุง ูู
ุฑ ุจูุฐู |
|
|
|
210 |
|
00:17:50,830 --> 00:17:56,070 |
|
ุงูุดุจูุฉ ุจูุทูุน ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงู efferent arteriole ูุจูู |
|
|
|
211 |
|
00:17:56,070 --> 00:18:02,930 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ุจูุฏุฎู ุจูุฏุฎู ุจูุฐู ุงูุดุจูุฉ ู ุจูุตูุฑ ุนูุฏูุง ุชูููุฉ |
|
|
|
212 |
|
00:18:02,930 --> 00:18:06,230 |
|
ุจูุตูุฑ ุนูุฏูุง filtration ุทุจุนุง ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุฒู ุฒู |
|
|
|
213 |
|
00:18:06,230 --> 00:18:13,370 |
|
ุงูู
ุตูุงูุฉ ุชูุฑูุจุง ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุซููุจ ูุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุญุฌู
ุงูู
ุฑูุจ |
|
|
|
214 |
|
00:18:13,370 --> 00:18:16,970 |
|
ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏ ุจุงูุฏู
ุฃูุจุฑ ู
ู ุงูุซููุจ ูุจูู ูุง ูุชู
ููุชุฑุชู |
|
|
|
215 |
|
00:18:16,970 --> 00:18:22,050 |
|
ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุงูุญุฌู
ุฃุตุบุฑ ู
ู ุงูุซููุจ ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูุจูู ุชู
|
|
|
|
216 |
|
00:18:22,050 --> 00:18:27,590 |
|
ููุชุฑุชู ูุจูู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง filtration ููุจูู ุชุฏุฎู |
|
|
|
217 |
|
00:18:27,590 --> 00:18:31,370 |
|
ูุจุนุถ ุงูู
ุฑูุจุงุช ุฒู ู
ุง ุจูููููุง ุงู molecular weight |
|
|
|
218 |
|
00:18:31,370 --> 00:18:36,190 |
|
ุชุจูู ุฃุตุบุฑ ุฃู ุงูุญุฌู
ุชุจูู ุฃุตุบุฑ ู
ู ุงูุซููุจ ุจุชุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
219 |
|
00:18:36,190 --> 00:18:42,350 |
|
ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงู tubulesุทุจุนุง ุจุนุฏ ููู ุงู .. ุงูุฃุดูุงุก |
|
|
|
220 |
|
00:18:42,350 --> 00:18:46,670 |
|
ุงูู
ููุฏุฉ ูุฌุณู
ุจูุตูููุง reabsorption ูุจูู ุจูุตูููุง |
|
|
|
221 |
|
00:18:46,670 --> 00:18:49,370 |
|
ุงู
ุชุตุงุต ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูุฎูุงูุง ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงู tubules ู |
|
|
|
222 |
|
00:18:49,370 --> 00:18:52,910 |
|
ุจุชุฏุฎู ูู ุงูุฏู
ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ู ุงูุฃุดูุงุก ุงููู ูุง ูุชู
|
|
|
|
223 |
|
00:18:52,910 --> 00:18:58,990 |
|
ููุชุฑุชูุง ุจุชู
ุฑ ุนุจุฑ ุงู .. ุงู tubes ูุฐู ุทุจุนุง ุงูุฃุฌุฒุงุก |
|
|
|
224 |
|
00:18:58,990 --> 00:19:03,970 |
|
ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ู
ู ุงู tubes ู
ุณุฆููุฉ ุนู ุงู
ุชุตุงุต ู
ุฑูุจุงุช ู |
|
|
|
225 |
|
00:19:03,970 --> 00:19:08,750 |
|
ions ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุจูู ุงู filtrateูุบุงูุฉ ู
ุง ุชุตูุจ ุจู |
|
|
|
226 |
|
00:19:08,750 --> 00:19:13,150 |
|
ุงู collecting duct ู ุจุนุฏูู ุงููู ูู ุฏู ุทุจุนุง ุจุชุตุจ |
|
|
|
227 |
|
00:19:13,150 --> 00:19:17,870 |
|
ูู ุงูุญุงูุจ ู ุจุนุฏูู ุจู ุงูู
ุซุงูุฉ ู ุจุชุทูุน ุจุนุฏ ููู ุฅูู |
|
|
|
228 |
|
00:19:17,870 --> 00:19:23,230 |
|
ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงูุฌุณู
ูุจูู ุงูุขู ุฃู ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุงูุฏู
ุจุฏุฎู ุนู |
|
|
|
229 |
|
00:19:23,230 --> 00:19:27,470 |
|
ุทุฑูู ุงู afferent arterioleู ุฌุฏุด ุนูุฏู ูู
ูุฉ ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
230 |
|
00:19:27,470 --> 00:19:32,490 |
|
ุงููู ูุชุฏุฎู ูุงูุ ุฌุฏุด ููุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุง ููุชุฑุฉ ู ุฌุฏุด |
|
|
|
231 |
|
00:19:32,490 --> 00:19:36,970 |
|
ูููุชุฌ ุนูุง filtered ุชู
ุงู
ุ ู ุทุจุนุง ุถู
ู ุงูุดุบูุงุช ุงููู |
|
|
|
232 |
|
00:19:36,970 --> 00:19:41,950 |
|
ูุชุตูุฑูุง ููุชุฑุฉ ุนูุฏูุง ุงูููุฑูุงุ ูุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุฒุงุฏ ุนูุฏูุง ูู
ูุฉ |
|
|
|
233 |
|
00:19:41,950 --> 00:19:46,020 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ุจุชุฏุฎููุจูู ููุตูุฑ ุนูุฏูุง ููุชููู filtrate |
|
|
|
234 |
|
00:19:46,020 --> 00:19:49,980 |
|
ุฃูุจุฑ ูู
ู ุถู
ู ุงู filtrate ูุชููู urea ูููุตูุฑ ูู |
|
|
|
235 |
|
00:19:49,980 --> 00:19:54,160 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง excretion ู urea ุฃูุจุฑ ููู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ูู ูู
ูุฉ |
|
|
|
236 |
|
00:19:54,160 --> 00:19:59,420 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ุจุชุฏุฎู ูู glomerulus ูุจูู ูู
ูุฉ ุงู |
|
|
|
237 |
|
00:19:59,420 --> 00:20:03,480 |
|
filtrate ูุชููู ุฃูู ูู
ูุฉ ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ูุชููู ูุชููู ุฃูู |
|
|
|
238 |
|
00:20:03,480 --> 00:20:06,940 |
|
ูู
ูุฉ ุงู urea ุงููู ูุชุฏุฎู ุจุงู filtrate ูุชููู ุฃูู |
|
|
|
239 |
|
00:20:06,940 --> 00:20:11,480 |
|
ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุชุฑุชูุน ุนูุฏูุง ุงู ureaูู ุงูุฏู
ูุจูู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
240 |
|
00:20:11,480 --> 00:20:14,060 |
|
ุนุดุงู ููููููุง ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุตุงุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง reduction ู |
|
|
|
241 |
|
00:20:14,060 --> 00:20:19,900 |
|
blood flow ูุจูู ูุฐุง ููุคุฏู ุฅูู ุทุจุนุง decrease ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
242 |
|
00:20:19,900 --> 00:20:22,600 |
|
blood ุงููู ุจูุตู ู ุงู kidney ูุจุงูุชุงูู ููููุฑูุง |
|
|
|
243 |
|
00:20:22,600 --> 00:20:28,160 |
|
filtered ูุฃู anything that produces a decrease in |
|
|
|
244 |
|
00:20:28,160 --> 00:20:32,070 |
|
functional blood volumeุจุฃู ุดูุก ููุคุซุฑ ุนูู ุงู blood |
|
|
|
245 |
|
00:20:32,070 --> 00:20:35,990 |
|
volume ุจุดูู ุนุงู
ุ ู
ุนูุงุชู ูุฐุง ููุคุฏู ุฅูู ููุต ูู ูู
ูุฉ |
|
|
|
246 |
|
00:20:35,990 --> 00:20:42,190 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ุจุชุตู ูู kidney ูุจูู ูุญูู ุนูู ุฃุณุจุงุจ ุฒู ุงู |
|
|
|
247 |
|
00:20:42,190 --> 00:20:46,250 |
|
congestive heart failure ุงููู ูู ู
ุดููุฉ ุฃู ุถุนู ู
ู
ูู |
|
|
|
248 |
|
00:20:46,250 --> 00:20:50,770 |
|
ูู ุนุถูุฉ ุงูููุจุ ุชู
ุงู
ุ ุจุฌูุฉ ุฏู ููุคุฏู ุฅูู ู
ุดููุฉ ูู |
|
|
|
249 |
|
00:20:50,770 --> 00:20:55,050 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ุฃู ุถุบุท ุงูุฏู
ุงููู ููุตู ูู kidney ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูู
ูุฉ |
|
|
|
250 |
|
00:20:55,050 --> 00:21:00,680 |
|
ุงูุฏู
ุฃูู ููุตูุฑ ููุง ููุชุฑุฉุญุงูุงุช ุงููู ูู ุงู shock |
|
|
|
251 |
|
00:21:00,680 --> 00:21:05,940 |
|
ุจุฑุถู ุจุชุนู
ู ุนูู ุงูุงูุฎูุงุถ ูู ุถุบุท ุงูุฏู
ุญุงูุงุช ุงููู ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
252 |
|
00:21:05,940 --> 00:21:10,340 |
|
hemorrhage ุงููุฒูู ุฃููุฏ ุจุฑุถู ุงููุฒูู ุจูููู ู
ู ุงู |
|
|
|
253 |
|
00:21:10,340 --> 00:21:12,860 |
|
blood volume ู ุจุงูุชุงูู ุจูููู ู
ู ุงู blood pressure |
|
|
|
254 |
|
00:21:12,860 --> 00:21:17,660 |
|
ู ุฃู ุดูุก ูุคุฏู ุฅูู dehydrationุทุจุนุง ูุจูู ุฃุณุจุงุจ ุงููู |
|
|
|
255 |
|
00:21:17,660 --> 00:21:21,240 |
|
ูู ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ุชุคุฏู ุฅูู ููุต ูู ุงูุณูุงุฆูุ ููุต |
|
|
|
256 |
|
00:21:21,240 --> 00:21:25,080 |
|
ูู ุงูู
ูู ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุจุงูุฏู
ุ ู
ุงุฒุงู ุตุงุฑ ูููุง ููุต ูู |
|
|
|
257 |
|
00:21:25,080 --> 00:21:29,700 |
|
ุงูู
ููุ ูุจูู ุจุฑุถู ุญูุตูุฑ ูููุง ููุต ูู ุงู blood volume |
|
|
|
258 |
|
00:21:29,700 --> 00:21:33,380 |
|
ู ู
ุงุฒุงู ููุต ุงู blood volumeุ ูุจูู ุญูููุต ุงู blood |
|
|
|
259 |
|
00:21:33,380 --> 00:21:39,510 |
|
pressureุจูุคุฏู ุฃุณุจุงุจ ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูููุง ุจุงูููุงูุฉ ุชุคุฏู ุฅูู |
|
|
|
260 |
|
00:21:39,510 --> 00:21:43,110 |
|
ุงูููุต ูู ุงููู ูู ู
ู
ูู ุงู blood pressure ุฃู ุงู |
|
|
|
261 |
|
00:21:43,110 --> 00:21:47,050 |
|
blood volume ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุชุคุฏู ุฅูู ููุต ูู ุงู blood |
|
|
|
262 |
|
00:21:47,050 --> 00:21:51,190 |
|
pressure ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูู
ูุฉ ุฃูู ู
ู ุงูุฏู
ูุชุตู ููููู |
|
|
|
263 |
|
00:21:51,190 --> 00:21:56,790 |
|
ูุจุงูุชุงูู less urea is filtered ุนูุฏูุง ุฃูุถุง high |
|
|
|
264 |
|
00:21:56,790 --> 00:22:02,430 |
|
protein diet or increased catabolismุชู
ุงู
ุ ูุฏูู |
|
|
|
265 |
|
00:22:02,430 --> 00:22:06,090 |
|
ุจุฑุถู ู
ุง ููู
ุนูุงูุฉ ุจุงูููู ุฅูู ุฒุงุฏ ุนูุฏูุง ูู
ูุฉ ุงู |
|
|
|
266 |
|
00:22:06,090 --> 00:22:11,030 |
|
.. ุงู protein ุงููู ุจูุณุชููููุง ุงูุดุฎุต ูุจูู ุฃููุฏ ุฒู ู
ุง |
|
|
|
267 |
|
00:22:11,030 --> 00:22:14,610 |
|
ูููุง ุจุฒูุงุฏุฉ ูู ุงู amino acids ุงููู ุจุชุชุญูู ูุจุงูุชุงูู |
|
|
|
268 |
|
00:22:14,610 --> 00:22:19,110 |
|
ุญูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง excretion ููู
ูุงุช ุฃูุจุฑ ุฃู ูุชุฑุชูุน |
|
|
|
269 |
|
00:22:19,110 --> 00:22:23,230 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ุทุจุนุง ุงู urea ูู ุงูุฏู
ุจุงูุฅุถุงูุฉ ู increase |
|
|
|
270 |
|
00:22:23,230 --> 00:22:26,870 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุงู catabolism ูุฃุณุจุงุจ ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ู
ู
ูู ุชุคุฏู ุฅูู |
|
|
|
271 |
|
00:22:26,870 --> 00:22:31,390 |
|
ุฒูุงุฏุฉ ูู ุงู catabolism ุฒู ุงู ูุงุฑุชูุงุน ุงูุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุฒู ุงู |
|
|
|
272 |
|
00:22:31,390 --> 00:22:36,790 |
|
major illness ูุนูู ู
ุฑุถ ุนุถุงู ุฃู ุงู stress ูุฐู |
|
|
|
273 |
|
00:22:36,790 --> 00:22:42,410 |
|
ูููุง ุจุชุฒูุฏ ู
ู ุงู catabolism ู ุจุงูุชุงูู ู
ู
ูู ุชุนู
ูู |
|
|
|
274 |
|
00:22:42,410 --> 00:22:47,150 |
|
ุงู pre-renal azotemia ูุฅู ุงูุณุจุจ ุงูุขุฎุฑ ูู ุงู renal |
|
|
|
275 |
|
00:22:47,150 --> 00:22:52,820 |
|
azotemia ู ุทุจุนุง ู
ู ุงูุงุณู
ุขู ุงูุขู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู |
|
|
|
276 |
|
00:22:52,820 --> 00:22:58,480 |
|
ุงู kidney ูุจูู ุงูู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงู kidney ููู ุงููู ุฃุฏุช |
|
|
|
277 |
|
00:22:58,480 --> 00:23:02,760 |
|
ุฅูู less excretion ุฃู less filtration of urea |
|
|
|
278 |
|
00:23:02,760 --> 00:23:06,460 |
|
ูุจุงูุชุงูู less excretion ูู ุงู urea ูู ุงู urine |
|
|
|
279 |
|
00:23:06,460 --> 00:23:11,210 |
|
ููุฐุง ุฃุฏู ุฅูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงูุฏู
decreased renal function |
|
|
|
280 |
|
00:23:11,210 --> 00:23:14,750 |
|
causes increased blood urea due to poor excretion |
|
|
|
|
|
281 |
|
00:23:14,750 --> 00:23:18,830 |
|
ูุนูู ุนูุฏูุง excretion ุฃูู ูุทุจุนุง ุงูุฃุณุจุงุจ ุงููู ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
282 |
|
00:23:18,830 --> 00:23:21,670 |
|
acute and chronic renal failure ุงููู ูู ุงููุดู |
|
|
|
283 |
|
00:23:21,670 --> 00:23:26,350 |
|
ุงููููู ุงูุญุงุฏ ูุงูู
ุฒู
ูุ ู
ููุง glomerular nephritis |
|
|
|
284 |
|
00:23:26,350 --> 00:23:31,190 |
|
ุงูุงูุชูุงุจ ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ูุตูุฑ ูู ุงูู glomerulus ู
ู
ูู ูุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
285 |
|
00:23:31,190 --> 00:23:35,290 |
|
ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูุชูุงุจ ูู ุงูู glomerulus ููุงู ูุตูุฑ ูู |
|
|
|
286 |
|
00:23:35,290 --> 00:23:41,850 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง ุงููู ูู ูุนูู decrease ูู ุงูู filtration ููุฐุง |
|
|
|
287 |
|
00:23:41,850 --> 00:23:46,510 |
|
ุฃูุถุง ู
ู
ูู ูุคุฏู ุทุจุนุง ุฅูู ุงุฑุชูุงุน ูู ุงูููุฑูุง ุฃูุถุง |
|
|
|
288 |
|
00:23:46,510 --> 00:23:52,180 |
|
tubular necrosis ุงููู ูู ูุตูุฑ ูููุง ุฅูู ู
ูุช ููู .. ููู |
|
|
|
289 |
|
00:23:52,180 --> 00:23:56,700 |
|
tubules caused by a lack of oxygen to the kidney |
|
|
|
290 |
|
00:23:56,700 --> 00:24:01,680 |
|
tissues ู other intrinsic renal disease ูุจูู ุจุฑุถู |
|
|
|
291 |
|
00:24:01,680 --> 00:24:06,180 |
|
ุฃู ูุนูู ู
ุฑุถ ูููู ูุฏู ู
ู
ูู ูุคุซุฑ ุนูู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู |
|
|
|
292 |
|
00:24:06,180 --> 00:24:10,460 |
|
filtration ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุฑูุน ู
ู ุงูู concentration ูู |
|
|
|
293 |
|
00:24:10,460 --> 00:24:15,690 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ูู ุงูุฏู
ุ ุงูุณุจุจ ุงูุซุงูุซ low post-renal |
|
|
|
294 |
|
00:24:15,690 --> 00:24:19,010 |
|
azotemia ุจุฌูุงู ุจุฑุถู ุฃู ุงูู kidney ู
ุงููุด ูููุง ู
ุดููุฉ |
|
|
|
295 |
|
00:24:19,010 --> 00:24:24,680 |
|
ูุงูู
ุดููุฉ ุงุจุชูุน ู
ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงูู kidney ูุจูู postrenal |
|
|
|
296 |
|
00:24:24,680 --> 00:24:30,460 |
|
azotemia ููุฐุง ุจูููู ุจุณุจุจ ุงูู obstruction ุงููู ู
ู
ูู |
|
|
|
297 |
|
00:24:30,460 --> 00:24:36,880 |
|
ูุตูุฑ ูู ุงูู flow of urine ุชู
ุงู
ุ ุจูุจูู ุฃู ุดูุก ููุนูู |
|
|
|
298 |
|
00:24:36,880 --> 00:24:41,940 |
|
ุงูู flow of urine ูุฐุง ู
ู
ูู ูุนู
ู postrenal azotemia |
|
|
|
299 |
|
00:24:41,940 --> 00:24:47,360 |
|
ูุนูู ุฒู obstruction of urine flow ุงููู ูู ุงูุงูุณุฏุงุฏ |
|
|
|
300 |
|
00:24:47,360 --> 00:24:51,780 |
|
ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ูููู ุจุณุจุจ ุงูู renal stones ุฃู ุงูู calcolite |
|
|
|
301 |
|
00:24:52,760 --> 00:24:57,460 |
|
ูุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุตุงุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู ุญุตูุงุช ุชูููุช ูุฅุฌุช ุงูุญุตูุงุช |
|
|
|
302 |
|
00:24:57,460 --> 00:25:03,340 |
|
ูุฐู ุนู
ูุช ูุฅูุณุฏุงุฏ ูู ู
ุซูุง ุงูุญุงูุจุ ุงู ูุจุฌู ูุฐุง ููุคุฏู |
|
|
|
303 |
|
00:25:03,340 --> 00:25:07,500 |
|
ุฅูู ุงููู ูู ู
ุง ูุณู
ู ุจุงูู post-renal azotemia ูุฃูู |
|
|
|
304 |
|
00:25:07,500 --> 00:25:11,770 |
|
ุงูุงูุณุฏุงุฏ ูุฐุง ููุฃุซุฑ ุนูู ุงูู function ููููู ูุนู
ููุฉ |
|
|
|
305 |
|
00:25:11,770 --> 00:25:17,610 |
|
ุงูู filtration ูุจุงูุชุงูู ููุฑูุนูู ู
ู ุงูููุฑูุง ูู ุงูุฏู
|
|
|
|
306 |
|
00:25:17,610 --> 00:25:23,130 |
|
ุฃูุถุง ู
ู
ูู ุงูู tumors ุงููู ุจุชุณูุจ ุงูู bladder ุฃู ุงููู |
|
|
|
307 |
|
00:25:23,130 --> 00:25:27,410 |
|
ุจุชุณูุจ ุงูู prostate ุงู ุงูู tumors ุงููู ุจุชุณูุจ ุงูู |
|
|
|
308 |
|
00:25:27,410 --> 00:25:32,270 |
|
bladder ุชู
ุงู
ู
ู
ูู ุชุนู
ูู ุจุฑุถู ุงููู ูู ุงูุณุฏุงุฏ ุฃู |
|
|
|
309 |
|
00:25:32,270 --> 00:25:37,120 |
|
ุงููู ุจุชุณูุจ ุงูู prostate ุฒู ุงููู ูู ุงูู Benign |
|
|
|
310 |
|
00:25:37,120 --> 00:25:41,680 |
|
Prostatic Hyperplasia ูุตูุฑ ูููุง ุชุถุฎู
ูู ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
311 |
|
00:25:41,680 --> 00:25:47,880 |
|
ุงูุจุฑุณุชุงุชุงุ ุฎุฏุช ุงูุจุฑุณุชุงุชุงุ ููุตูุฑ ุถุบุท ุนูู ุงููู ูู ู
ุฌุฑู |
|
|
|
312 |
|
00:25:47,880 --> 00:25:54,680 |
|
ุงูุจูู ูุฐุง ุฃููุฏ ุจุฑุถู ููุฃุซุฑ ุนูู ุงูู urine flow ุฃูุถุง |
|
|
|
313 |
|
00:25:54,680 --> 00:25:58,660 |
|
severe infections ุงููู ูู ุงูุงูุชูุงุจุงุช ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ุชุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
314 |
|
00:25:58,660 --> 00:26:05,420 |
|
ู
ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงูู .. ุงูู kidney ุชู
ุงู
ุ ูุฐู ุจุฑุถู ู
ู
ูู ูุชุฃุซุฑ ุนูู |
|
|
|
315 |
|
00:26:05,420 --> 00:26:09,020 |
|
ุฃููุฏ ุงููู ูู ุงูู urine flow ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุชุนู
ู |
|
|
|
316 |
|
00:26:09,020 --> 00:26:11,380 |
|
postrenal azotemia |
|
|
|
317 |
|
00:26:14,270 --> 00:26:17,630 |
|
ู
ู ูุงุญูุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู ุงูุฃุณุจุงุจ ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ุชุคุฏู ุฅูู decreased |
|
|
|
318 |
|
00:26:17,630 --> 00:26:23,710 |
|
urea nitrogen ุงูุฎูุงุถ ูู ู
ุณุชูู ุงูููุฑูุง ูู ุงูุฏู
ุฒู |
|
|
|
319 |
|
00:26:23,710 --> 00:26:27,590 |
|
ู
ุง ูููุงุ ู
ูุถูุน ุงูููุฑูุง ู
ุฑุชุจุท ูู ุงูู diet ุฒู ู
ุง ุฅุฐุง |
|
|
|
320 |
|
00:26:27,590 --> 00:26:32,970 |
|
ูุงู ุฒุงุฏ ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู protein consumption ุญูุฒูุฏ ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
321 |
|
00:26:32,970 --> 00:26:39,050 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุงุ ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ููู ุงูู protein consumption |
|
|
|
322 |
|
00:26:39,050 --> 00:26:41,790 |
|
ุฃู ุตุงุฑ ููู ุฃูู ูู ุงูู protein ุฏู ููู ุฅูุชุงุฌู ุจููุฏุฑ |
|
|
|
323 |
|
00:26:41,790 --> 00:26:47,490 |
|
ููุฏู ุงูู decrease ูู ุงูููุฑูุง ุฃู ุงูููุฑูุง ููุชุฑูุฌูู |
|
|
|
324 |
|
00:26:48,530 --> 00:26:52,330 |
|
ุนูุฏู ุฃูุถุง ุงูู liver disease ุงุญูุง ูููู ุฅู |
|
|
|
325 |
|
00:26:52,330 --> 00:26:56,390 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ุจุชูุตู .. ุจูุตููุง synthesis ูู ุงูู liver |
|
|
|
326 |
|
00:26:56,390 --> 00:27:01,150 |
|
because ูุงู ุตุงุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู ู
ุดููุฉ ูู ุงูู liverุ ุตุงุฑ ูู |
|
|
|
327 |
|
00:27:01,150 --> 00:27:03,410 |
|
ุนูุฏู liver diseaseุ ูุจูู ูู ุนูุฏู lack of |
|
|
|
328 |
|
00:27:03,410 --> 00:27:05,890 |
|
synthesisุ ุจุฌุงูุจ ูุฐุง ููุคุฏู ุฅูู decrease ุฃูุถุง ูู |
|
|
|
329 |
|
00:27:05,890 --> 00:27:13,050 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุงุ ุฃูุถุง severe vomiting and or ุฅุณูุงู ุตุงุฑ ูููุง |
|
|
|
330 |
|
00:27:13,050 --> 00:27:18,530 |
|
ููุก ุฃู ุตุงุฑ ูููุง ุฅุณูุงู ุชู
ุงู
ุจุฌุฏ ู
ุนูุงู ู
ุด ููุตูุฑ |
|
|
|
331 |
|
00:27:18,530 --> 00:27:24,630 |
|
ููู ุฏุฎูู ูู protein ู
ู ุงูู diet ุฅูู ุงูุฌุณู
ูุจูู ูู |
|
|
|
332 |
|
00:27:24,630 --> 00:27:28,390 |
|
ุนูุฏู ุฒูุงุฏุฉ ูู ุงูู loss ูู proteins ูุงูู amino |
|
|
|
333 |
|
00:27:28,390 --> 00:27:34,390 |
|
acids ุงููู ู
ู
ูู ุชุฏุฎู ูุฌุณู
ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุฐุง ููููู ู
ู ุงูู |
|
|
|
334 |
|
00:27:34,390 --> 00:27:39,440 |
|
urea concentration ูุงูุณุจุจ ุงูุฃุฎูุฑ ุฃูู ูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏู |
|
|
|
335 |
|
00:27:39,440 --> 00:27:44,600 |
|
ุฒูุงุฏุฉ ูู ุงูู protein synthesisุ ูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุญุงุฌุฉ |
|
|
|
336 |
|
00:27:44,600 --> 00:27:50,580 |
|
ุฃูุจุฑ ูู .. ูุชุตููุน ุงูู proteins ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุตูุฑ ูู |
|
|
|
337 |
|
00:27:50,580 --> 00:27:56,280 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง loss ุฃููุ ุจุงูุชุงูู decrease ูู ุงูู urea |
|
|
|
338 |
|
00:27:56,280 --> 00:28:00,720 |
|
nitrogenุ ุทุจ ููู ู
ู
ูู ูููุณ ุงูู urea ุงูู analytical |
|
|
|
339 |
|
00:28:00,720 --> 00:28:03,760 |
|
methodsุ ุงูู sales for urea were based on measuring |
|
|
|
340 |
|
00:28:03,760 --> 00:28:07,420 |
|
the amount of nitrogen in the sample ูููููุง ุฅูู |
|
|
|
341 |
|
00:28:07,420 --> 00:28:11,700 |
|
ุณุงุจูุง ูุงู ูุชู
ููุงุณ ุงูู nitrogen ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
342 |
|
00:28:11,700 --> 00:28:14,800 |
|
sample ุนุดุงู ููู ูุงู ุงูุงุณู
blood urea nitrogen |
|
|
|
343 |
|
00:28:16,360 --> 00:28:20,600 |
|
Current analytic methods have retained this custom |
|
|
|
344 |
|
00:28:20,600 --> 00:28:23,920 |
|
and urea often is reported in terms of nitrogen |
|
|
|
345 |
|
00:28:23,920 --> 00:28:29,320 |
|
concentration rather than urea concentrationุ ููููุง |
|
|
|
346 |
|
00:28:29,320 --> 00:28:35,580 |
|
ูุณู ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูู
ุฎุชุจุฑุงุช ูู ุจูุฏุงู ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ู
ุง ุฒุงูุช |
|
|
|
347 |
|
00:28:35,580 --> 00:28:40,920 |
|
ุจุชุตุฏุฑ ูุชูุฌุฉ ุงูู urea ุงููู ูู ุจุดูู urea nitrogen ุฃู |
|
|
|
348 |
|
00:28:40,920 --> 00:28:45,670 |
|
blood urea nitrogenุ ุงูู Urea Nitrogen Concentration |
|
|
|
349 |
|
00:28:45,670 --> 00:28:48,510 |
|
Can Be Converted To Urea Concentration By |
|
|
|
350 |
|
00:28:48,510 --> 00:28:55,790 |
|
Multiplying By 2.14ุ ูุนูู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุนูุฏูุง ูุชูุฌุฉ ุตุงุฏุฑุฉ |
|
|
|
351 |
|
00:28:55,790 --> 00:28:58,370 |
|
ุนูู ุดูู ุงููู ูู Blood Urea Nitrogen ุฃู Urea |
|
|
|
352 |
|
00:28:58,370 --> 00:29:02,770 |
|
Nitrogen ุนุดุงู ูุญููููุง ูู Urea ุจุฏูุง ูุถุฑุจ ุงููุชูุฌุฉ |
|
|
|
353 |
|
00:29:02,770 --> 00:29:09,070 |
|
ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุนูุฏูุง ูู 2.14ุ ููู ุจูููู ุญูููุง ุงููุชูุฌุฉ ู
ู |
|
|
|
354 |
|
00:29:09,070 --> 00:29:12,010 |
|
Blood Urea Nitrogen ุฅูู Urea |
|
|
|
355 |
|
00:29:17,430 --> 00:29:22,890 |
|
ุทุจุนุง ู
ู ููุง ุฅุฌุชูุง ุงูู 2.14 ูููุง ุงูู atopic mass ููู |
|
|
|
356 |
|
00:29:22,890 --> 00:29:33,730 |
|
nitrogen 14 ูุงูู molecular mass ููููุฑูุง 60.06ุ ุทุจ |
|
|
|
357 |
|
00:29:33,730 --> 00:29:38,670 |
|
ูู ุญุณุจูุง ุงูู atoms ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูููุง ูููุงูู ุฅูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
358 |
|
00:29:38,670 --> 00:29:44,860 |
|
molecular mass ููููุฑูุง 60.06 gram per moleุ ุงูุขู |
|
|
|
359 |
|
00:29:44,860 --> 00:29:49,560 |
|
ุฒู ู
ุง ุดูููุง ุจุงูู figure ูู ุฃูู ุงูู
ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงูููุฑูุง |
|
|
|
360 |
|
00:29:49,560 --> 00:29:56,060 |
|
ุจุชุญุชูู ุนูู two nitrogen atoms ูุงูู nitrogen atom |
|
|
|
361 |
|
00:29:56,060 --> 00:30:01,780 |
|
ุงููุงุญุฏุฉ ุฃุฑุจุนุทุงุดุ ูุนูู ุงูู two nitrogen atoms ููุฏููู |
|
|
|
362 |
|
00:30:01,780 --> 00:30:10,390 |
|
ุซู
ุงููุฉ ูุนุดุฑูู gram per mole ุชู
ุงู
ุ 28 ู
ู 60.06 |
|
|
|
363 |
|
00:30:10,390 --> 00:30:14,290 |
|
gram per mole ุงููู ูู ุงูู molecular mass ุงูููู ูู |
|
|
|
364 |
|
00:30:14,290 --> 00:30:19,810 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุงูู nitrogen ุงููู ุจุงูููุฑูุง ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
365 |
|
00:30:19,810 --> 00:30:29,040 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ููุชุฑูุฌูู ุจูู
ุซู 46.6% ู
ู ุงูููุฑูุง weight ุชู
ุงู
|
|
|
|
366 |
|
00:30:29,040 --> 00:30:34,460 |
|
ูุจูู ุนุดุงู ูุญูู ุฃุณุจูุนูู ู
ุซุงู 10 milligram ู
ู ุงูู |
|
|
|
367 |
|
00:30:34,460 --> 00:30:39,540 |
|
blood urea nitrogen ุนุดุงู ูุญูููุง ููููุฑูุง ู
ู
ูู ููุณู
|
|
|
|
368 |
|
00:30:39,540 --> 00:30:49,500 |
|
ุนูู .466 ุฃู ู
ู
ูู ูุถุฑุจ ุจ 2.14 |
|
|
|
369 |
|
00:30:52,220 --> 00:30:58,340 |
|
ูุจูู ูุงู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูููุฑูุง ุงููู ูู 60.06 ู
ู |
|
|
|
370 |
|
00:30:58,340 --> 00:31:01,520 |
|
ุงูู 60.06 ุนูุฏูุง 28 ูู
|
|
|
|
371 |
|
00:31:01,520 --> 00:31:07,120 |
|
ุงูุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู ุงูู nitrogen ูุจูู ูู 60.06 |
|
|
|
372 |
|
00:31:07,120 --> 00:31:14,460 |
|
ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง milligram per deciliter of ููุฑูุง ูููู
|
|
|
|
373 |
|
00:31:14,460 --> 00:31:17,120 |
|
28 milligram per deciliter ู
ู ุงูู |
|
|
|
374 |
|
00:31:17,120 --> 00:31:22,110 |
|
nitrogen ูุจูู ูู ุนูุฏูุง 1 milligram per deciliter ู
ู |
|
|
|
375 |
|
00:31:22,110 --> 00:31:25,830 |
|
ุงูููุชุฑูุฌูู ูุจูู ุฅูุฏูุงุด ููููู ุนูุฏูุง ููุฑูุง ุชู
ุงู
ุ ุจูุจูู |
|
|
|
376 |
|
00:31:25,830 --> 00:31:33,850 |
|
60.06 ุถุฑุจ 1 ุนูู 28 ููุทูุน ุนูุฏูุง ุงููู ูู 2.14 ุนุดุงู |
|
|
|
377 |
|
00:31:33,850 --> 00:31:39,070 |
|
ูุญูู ู
ู blood urea nitrogen ูู urea ุจุฏูุง ูุถุฑุจ ุจ 2 |
|
|
|
378 |
|
00:31:39,070 --> 00:31:45,880 |
|
.14ุ ุงูุขู ุนุดุงู ูุญูู ู
ู ููุฑูุง ุฒู ูุงู ูุชูุฌุฉ ูุงูุช ุฅูู |
|
|
|
379 |
|
00:31:45,880 --> 00:31:51,000 |
|
ูุชูุฌุฉ ุงูููุฑูุง ูุจุฏูุง ูุญูููุง ูู blood urea nitrogen |
|
|
|
380 |
|
00:31:51,000 --> 00:31:57,200 |
|
ุจุฏูุง ูุญูููุง ูู nitrogen ูุจูู ุจุฏูุง ูุถุฑุจ ุจ .466 ุทูุจ |
|
|
|
381 |
|
00:31:57,200 --> 00:32:01,100 |
|
ุงูู analytical methods ุงููู ุจูุณุชุฎุฏู
ูุง ูููุงุณ |
|
|
|
382 |
|
00:32:01,100 --> 00:32:08,010 |
|
ุงูููุฑูุง ุงูู methods ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ุจูุณุชุฎุฏู
ูููุง ุงูููุฑููุฒ |
|
|
|
383 |
|
00:32:08,010 --> 00:32:15,190 |
|
ูุงูููุฑููุฒ ุจูุนู
ู hydrolysis ููููุฑูุง ูุงูู nitrogen |
|
|
|
384 |
|
00:32:15,190 --> 00:32:21,410 |
|
ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ุงูููุฑูุง ุจุชุญูู ุฅูู ammonium ion ุทุจุนุง |
|
|
|
385 |
|
00:32:21,410 --> 00:32:27,170 |
|
ูุจูู ุนูุฏูุง ูุฐู ุฃูู ุฎุทูุฉุ ุงูููุฑูุง ู
ุน ู
ูุฉ ูู ูุฌูุฏ |
|
|
|
386 |
|
00:32:27,170 --> 00:32:34,150 |
|
ุงูููุฑููุฒ ุงูุฒูู
ุจูุนุทููู ammonium ion ูุจูุนุทููู CO3 |
|
|
|
387 |
|
00:32:36,910 --> 00:32:42,110 |
|
ุงูุขู ุจุนุฏ ููู ุงูู .. ุงูู ammonium ุงููู ูุชุฌุช ู
ู
ูู ููู |
|
|
|
388 |
|
00:32:42,110 --> 00:32:45,090 |
|
ุฃูุง ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู method ุงููู ู
ู ุฎูุงููุง ู
ู
ูู ูุนู
ู |
|
|
|
389 |
|
00:32:45,090 --> 00:32:49,970 |
|
detection ููุงู
ูููุงุ ูุนูู ู
ู ุงูู methods ุงููู |
|
|
|
390 |
|
00:32:49,970 --> 00:32:55,540 |
|
ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ููุงุฐู ุงูู methods ุงููู ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ู
ู ุงูู |
|
|
|
391 |
|
00:32:55,540 --> 00:32:59,860 |
|
methods ุงููู ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู
ูู ุงูู
ุฎุชุจุฑุงุช ุฅูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู |
|
|
|
392 |
|
00:32:59,860 --> 00:33:05,400 |
|
ammonium ู
ุน ฮฑ-ketoglutarate ูู ูุฌูุฏ enzyme |
|
|
|
393 |
|
00:33:05,400 --> 00:33:10,520 |
|
glutamate dehydrogenase ุจูุนุทููุง glutamate ู H2O |
|
|
|
394 |
|
00:33:10,520 --> 00:33:17,340 |
|
ุงูุขู ูู ูุฐู ุงููู ูู ุงูุฎุทูุฉ ูู ูุฐุง ุงูุชูุงุนูุ ุงููุงุฏ ุฃุชุด |
|
|
|
395 |
|
00:33:17,340 --> 00:33:22,580 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุทุจุนุง ูุนุชุจุฑ common coenzymeุ ุงููุงุฏ ุฃุชุด ุจุชุญูู |
|
|
|
396 |
|
00:33:22,580 --> 00:33:29,580 |
|
ุฅูู NADุ ุงูุขูุ ุทุจ ููู ุจูุนู
ู detection ุงูุขูุ ุงููุงุฏ ุฃุชุด |
|
|
|
397 |
|
00:33:29,580 --> 00:33:41,920 |
|
absorbs light at 340 nanometerุ ููู ุงููุงุฏ ูุฃ ุทุจุนุง |
|
|
|
398 |
|
00:33:41,920 --> 00:33:51,520 |
|
ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุงุญูุง ุดููุง ุงูู absorbance ุนูู 340 ูุจูู ุจูุฐู |
|
|
|
399 |
|
00:33:51,520 --> 00:33:58,460 |
|
ุงูุญุงูุฉ ุงูููุต ูู ุงูู absorbance ุจูุนูุณ ูู ูู
ูุฉ ุงูู |
|
|
|
400 |
|
00:33:58,460 --> 00:34:01,520 |
|
ammonium ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุจูุนูุณ ูู ูู
ูุฉ ุงูููุฑูุง |
|
|
|
401 |
|
00:34:01,520 --> 00:34:08,990 |
|
ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุชู
ุงู
ุ ูุฃูู ูู ู
ุง ุฒุงุฏ ุนูุฏูุง ุงูููุฑูุง |
|
|
|
402 |
|
00:34:08,990 --> 00:34:12,850 |
|
ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ู
ุง ุญุตููุง ุนูู ุงู
ููููู
ุฃูุซุฑุ ุงูุขู |
|
|
|
403 |
|
00:34:12,850 --> 00:34:16,430 |
|
ุงูู
ุนุงุฏูุฉ ุงูุซุงููุฉุ ุงูุฃู
ููููู
ูุฐู ูู ู
ุง ูุงู ูู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
404 |
|
00:34:16,430 --> 00:34:20,990 |
|
ุงู
ููููู
ุฃูุซุฑ ูู ู
ุนูุงู ููุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุฅูุชุงุฌ |
|
|
|
405 |
|
00:34:20,990 --> 00:34:25,030 |
|
ูู glutamate ุฃูุซุฑ ูููุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงุณุชููุงู ููู NADH |
|
|
|
406 |
|
00:34:25,030 --> 00:34:30,690 |
|
ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏ ุฃูุซุฑ ููุชุญูู ุฅูู NAD ุชู
ุงู
ุ ูููู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู |
|
|
|
407 |
|
00:34:30,690 --> 00:34:34,210 |
|
absorbance ุนูู 340 ูุฃู ูููุง ุงูู NADH |
|
|
|
408 |
|
00:34:35,440 --> 00:34:43,780 |
|
absorbs light at 340 ููู ุงููุงุฏ ูุฃุ ุงูุทุฑููุฉ ุงูุซุงููุฉ |
|
|
|
409 |
|
00:34:43,780 --> 00:34:47,220 |
|
ุงููู ุจุฑุถู ุงููู ุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุงูุฎุทูุฉ ุงูุฃููู ุงูู |
|
|
|
410 |
|
00:34:47,220 --> 00:34:51,440 |
|
ููุฑููุฒ ูุชุญููู ุงูููุฑูุง ุฅูู ammonium ionุ ุจุนุฏ ููู |
|
|
|
411 |
|
00:34:51,440 --> 00:34:56,780 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
pH indicator ุชู
ุงู
ูุงููู ูู ููุนู
ู |
|
|
|
412 |
|
00:34:56,780 --> 00:35:04,780 |
|
ูู color exchangeุ ุฃูุถุง ุทุฑููุฉ ุซุงูุซุฉ conductometric |
|
|
|
413 |
|
00:35:06,220 --> 00:35:13,160 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุจุฑุถู ูุชุชุญูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูููุฑูุง ุฅูู ุงู
ููููู
ููู ู
ุง |
|
|
|
414 |
|
00:35:13,160 --> 00:35:16,900 |
|
ุตุงุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงู
ููููู
ุฃูุซุฑ ูู ู
ุง ุตุงุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุฒูุงุฏุฉ |
|
|
|
415 |
|
00:35:16,900 --> 00:35:21,940 |
|
ูู ุงูู conductivity ุงููู ูู ู
ุฑูุฑ ุงูุชูุงุฑ ุงูููุฑุจุงุฆู |
|
|
|
416 |
|
00:35:21,940 --> 00:35:27,180 |
|
ุชู
ุงู
ุ ูุจูู ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงููู ูู ู
ุฑูุฑ ุฃู ููุงุณ ุงูุชูุงุฑ |
|
|
|
417 |
|
00:35:27,180 --> 00:35:31,000 |
|
ุงูููุฑุจุงุฆู ุงููู ุจูู
ุฑ ู
ู
ูู ูุนุฑู ูุฏู ูู
ูุฉ ุงูู ammonium |
|
|
|
418 |
|
00:35:31,000 --> 00:35:35,700 |
|
ion ุงููู ุชูููุชุ ูุฃูู ูู ู
ุง ูุงู ูู ุนูุฏู ููุฑูุง ุฃูุซุฑ |
|
|
|
419 |
|
00:35:35,700 --> 00:35:41,200 |
|
ูู ู
ุง ุฃูุง ู
ุง ูููุชุฌ ุนูุฏู ammonium ion ุฃูุซุฑ ููู ู
ุง |
|
|
|
420 |
|
00:35:41,200 --> 00:35:46,060 |
|
ููุฒูุฏ ุงูุชูุงุฑ ุงูููุฑุจุงุฆู ุงููู ุจูู
ุฑ ูุงููู ู
ู
ูู ุทุจุนุง |
|
|
|
421 |
|
00:35:46,060 --> 00:35:52,110 |
|
ูุนูู ููุงุณู ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูู conductivity meter ุงูู reference |
|
|
|
422 |
|
00:35:52,110 --> 00:35:58,990 |
|
range ููููุฑูุง ูู ุงูู serum ููููุฑูุง ููุชุฑูุฌูู ูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
423 |
|
00:35:58,990 --> 00:36:04,650 |
|
serum ุงููู ูู 6 ุฅูู 20 ู
ูู ุฌุฑุงู
per deciliter ููู |
|
|
|
424 |
|
00:36:04,650 --> 00:36:09,470 |
|
ุนููุฉ ููุฑูู ุชู
ุฌู
ุนูุง ูู
ุฏุฉ 24 ุณุงุนุฉ ุงูู 12 ุฅูู 20 ุฌุฑุงู
|
|
|
|
425 |
|
00:36:09,470 --> 00:36:14,050 |
|
per day ูุฒู ู
ุง ูููุง ุฅุฐุง ููุง ูุญูู ุงูููุฑูุง ููุชุฑูุฌูู |
|
|
|
426 |
|
00:36:14,050 --> 00:36:18,290 |
|
ุฅูู ููุฑูุง ุจุฏูุง ูุถุฑุจ ุจ 2.14 |
|
|