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1
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Okay, ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู…ุŒ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡
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ุณู†ูƒู…ู„ ูˆู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆูƒูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู„ุญูƒูˆู…ุฉ
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ุฃู† ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุชู‚ู„ูŠุต ุฃูˆ ุชุชู‚ู„ูŠุต ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฏุฑุณุฉ
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ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูƒู†ุง ู†ุฏุฑุณ ุนู†ู‡ุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู€ Graham-Rudman
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Act ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ุงู†ูˆู† ุงู„ูˆุฒูŠุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฑูˆุฏู…ุงู†ูŠ ูƒูŠู
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ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู„ุญูƒูˆู…ุฉ ุฃู† ุชู‚ู„ู„ ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุฎู…ุณ ุณู†ูˆุงุช
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ู…ู† ุนุงู… 1986 ุฅู„ู‰ ุนุงู… 1991 ูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ุชู… ุฅุนุงุฏุชู‡ุง ุฅู„ู‰
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ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณ ุฑูŠุบุงู†ุŒ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุนู…ู„ ู‡ู†ุงุŒ ุฑูˆูŠุฏู…ุงู† ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู†
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ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ุฉ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ุชุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ูŠู† ุงู„ุฐูŠู†
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ูŠุชุณุจุจูˆู† ููŠ ุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู† ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠู„ุงุฏ ู…ู† 36
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ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ
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ู‚ุจู„ ุฃู† ู†ุจุฏุฃ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุนุŒ ุฐู‡ุจู†ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
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Government Spending Multiplier ูˆู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ุงู„ู€ Deficit
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Response Index ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ Deficit Response Index
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DRI
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ู‡ูˆ
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ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ูุงู‚ ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ูŠุŒ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ
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ููŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ูุงู‚ ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ูŠ ุนู„ู‰
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ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ GDP ูƒู…ุง
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ุชุฒุฏุงุฏ ุงู„ุฅู†ูุงู‚ ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ูŠุŒ ุงู„ุฅู†ูุงู‚ ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ูŠุŒ ุงู„ุฅู†ูุงู‚ ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ูŠ ุชุชุณู„ู‚
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ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุบูŠูŠุฑู‡ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุจุดูƒู„
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ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ
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ุจุดูƒู„
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู†ุณุชุทูŠุน ุฃู† ู†ุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู‡ู†ุงุŒ ุฏุนูˆู†ุง
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ู†ุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ู‡ุฒูŠู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู…ู† G
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ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 20 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ูˆู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ู‡ุฒูŠู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุชุฎู„ุต
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ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู…ู† G ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† 0.70
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00:03:36,030 --> 00:03:38,110
ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ูƒู… ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…
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00:03:38,110 --> 00:03:40,910
ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…
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ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…
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00:03:41,370 --> 00:03:41,390
ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…
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00:03:41,390 --> 00:03:44,930
ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…
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00:03:44,930 --> 00:03:45,870
ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…
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ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…
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ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…
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ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…
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ุงู„ู…
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ุชุฎุทูŠุท ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ูุงู‚ ูˆุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ
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ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ูุงู‚ ูˆGDP ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุชุฎุทูŠุท ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ
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ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ูุงู‚ ูˆGDPุŒ ุฏู„ุชุง Y ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ููŠ G ู‡ูˆ
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ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† 20 ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† 20
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1-0.70 so change in y over minus 20 equals 1 over
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0.3 so delta y equals minus 20 times 1 over 0.3 so
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minus 20 over 0.3 equals how much minus
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ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ุฅุฐุง ุชุชุฎู„ุต ุงู„ู€ Government Spending
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ุจู€ 20 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑุŒ GDP
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ุณุชุชุฎู„ุต ุจู€ 66
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.6 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ
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ุงู„ูˆุทู†ูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุณุชุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
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ู‡ู†ุงุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡
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ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ุชุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุงู„ูˆุทู†ูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ
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ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุจู…ูŠุฒุฉ 66.6 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ู…ุซู„ GDP ู…ุงุฐุง
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ุณูŠุญุฏุซ ู‡ู†ุง ู„ู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฎู„ุตู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู†
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ุชุฎู„ุตู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฎู„ุตู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู†
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ุชุฎู„ุตู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฎู„ุตู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู†
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ุชุฎู„ุตู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฎู„ุตู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู†
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00:05:59,980 --> 00:06:00,100
ุชุฎู„ุตู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฎู„ุตู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู†
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00:06:00,100 --> 00:06:00,420
ุชุฎู„ุตู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฎู„ุตู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู†
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ุชุฎู„ุตู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุŒ ุตุญุŸ ู…ุธุจูˆุท ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃุŸ ุงู„ income decline
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ุดูˆ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ tax income ุฃูˆ sorry income tax ูˆ ุงู„
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government revenue ููŠ ุงู„ taxุŸ ุฑุงุญ ูŠู†ุฒู„ ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ุชู…ุงู…
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something else how much is the
63
00:06:24,770 --> 00:06:29,430
government spending multiplier? the government
64
00:06:29,430 --> 00:06:30,210
spending multiplier
65
00:06:44,430 --> 00:06:52,170
1 over 1
66
00:06:52,170 --> 00:06:59,670
minus 0.70 equals 1 over 0.3 how much is itุŸ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
67
00:06:59,670 --> 00:07:01,210
point ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
68
00:07:05,160 --> 00:07:12,600
ุงู„ุขู† ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ุฐู‡ุจ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Idea of Graham Woodman ููŠ
69
00:07:12,600 --> 00:07:21,560
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู‡ู†ุงุŒ ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู† ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ุฉ
70
00:07:21,560 --> 00:07:33,100
ุชุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุชู‚ู„ูŠู… ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ุฉ ุฃูˆ
71
00:07:33,100 --> 00:07:41,800
ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู‡ุฏู ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ู†ุง ุณู†ู‚ู„ู„ ุฃูˆ ู†ู‚ู„ู„
72
00:07:41,800 --> 00:07:46,280
ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ
73
00:07:46,280 --> 00:07:54,320
ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ
74
00:07:54,320 --> 00:07:59,340
ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ
75
00:07:59,340 --> 00:08:00,900
ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ
76
00:08:03,180 --> 00:08:06,200
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ exam ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนุทูŠู†ุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€ government
77
00:08:06,200 --> 00:08:11,000
spending declined by one billion dollarุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ุงุนู…ู„
78
00:08:11,000 --> 00:08:16,800
decreasing ุจุงู„ู€ income by 1.4 billion which means
79
00:08:16,800 --> 00:08:25,860
ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ multiplier ู‚ุฏ ุงูŠุดุŸ 1.4 ุจุงู„ู€ exam ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุจู„ ู‚ู„ู†ุง
80
00:08:25,860 --> 00:08:30,040
ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ decreasing ููŠ ุงู„ู€ government spending ุจุนุฏ 20
81
00:08:30,040 --> 00:08:37,000
ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุงุนู…ู„ ู„ุฏูŠู‡ decreasing ุจุงู„ู€ income by 66.6
82
00:08:37,000 --> 00:08:46,700
ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŒ ู‚ุฏ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู€ multiplier ูƒุงู†ุŸ Delta Y over Delta G
83
00:08:53,510 --> 00:08:59,270
ุงู„ู€ Governance Spending Multiplier ูƒุงู† Delta Y
84
00:08:59,270 --> 00:09:05,550
over Delta G equals Delta YL minus 66.6 over minus
85
00:09:05,550 --> 00:09:12,370
20 equals 3.3ุŒ ุงู„ู€ Positive ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ Example
86
00:09:12,370 --> 00:09:19,270
ุจูŠุญุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Governance Spending declined by
87
00:09:22,470 --> 00:09:28,630
1 ุนู…ู„ู‡ decreasing ุจุงู„ู€ income 1.4 ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู€
88
00:09:28,630 --> 00:09:30,210
Governor's Spending Multiplier ูŠู‚ุฏู‘ูŠุด ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€
89
00:09:30,210 --> 00:09:34,370
ExampleุŸ Governor's Spending Multiplier equals
90
00:09:34,370 --> 00:09:42,710
Delta Y over Delta GุŒ Delta Y 1.4ุŒ ุชู…ุงู…
91
00:09:42,710 --> 00:09:48,510
over minusุŒ ุทุจุนู‹ุง ู‡ุฐุง minus minus decreasing
92
00:09:48,510 --> 00:09:50,010
ุจุงู„ู€ governor's spending
93
00:09:59,320 --> 00:10:06,440
ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุทูŠุจ with a deficit response index of minus 0
94
00:10:06,440 --> 00:10:15,900
.22 based on the US dataุŒ ุฏูŠ deficit response index
95
00:10:15,900 --> 00:10:20,020
equals minus 0.22
96
00:10:24,740 --> 00:10:29,900
ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุงุŸ ู‡ุฐุง given ุทุจุนู‹ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Deficit
97
00:10:29,900 --> 00:10:35,020
Response Index ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุดูˆุŸ
98
00:10:35,020 --> 00:10:41,440
Delta ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Deficit ุฃูˆ ู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ููŠ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ GDP
99
00:10:41,440 --> 00:10:47,140
ููŠ
100
00:10:47,140 --> 00:10:55,820
ุงู„ู€ Y ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Y ูุนู„ุงู‹ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ GDPุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ given
101
00:10:55,820 --> 00:11:02,620
ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆุงู„ู€ negative sign ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ู…ุง GDP ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ู‡ุฐุง
102
00:11:02,620 --> 00:11:06,800
ุงู„ู€ deficit ุจูŠู†ุฒู„ุŒ equals
103
00:11:06,800 --> 00:11:14,700
minus 0.22ุŒ ุดูˆ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ู‡ุฐุงุŸ ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ู€ GDP ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ
104
00:11:14,700 --> 00:11:20,280
ุจูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฃูˆ ุจูŠู†ุฒู„ ุจูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ู‡ุฐุง
105
00:11:20,280 --> 00:11:28,860
ุจูŠู†ุฒู„ ุจู€ 22% ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู‡ู„ุฃ ุดูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุงุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€
106
00:11:28,860 --> 00:11:34,620
governance from the multiplier 1.4ุŒ ู…ุงุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€
107
00:11:34,620 --> 00:11:41,420
deficit response index minus 0.22ุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ูˆุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูŠ
108
00:11:41,420 --> 00:11:45,680
ู‚ุฏ ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏูƒ change ููŠ ุงู„ู€ deficit ุจุงู„ุขุฎุฑ
109
00:11:57,880 --> 00:12:03,400
ุจุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ ู‡ู„ู‘ุฃ ุฌูŠุช ู‡ุงูŠ ุณุคุงู„
110
00:12:03,400 --> 00:12:06,560
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ู†ุง suppose we kept government spending
111
00:12:06,560 --> 00:12:11,040
by twenty billion dollars ุจู†ุนู…ู„ decreasing ููŠ ุงู„ู€ G
112
00:12:11,040 --> 00:12:21,580
by twenty billion dollarsุŒ ุฅุฐุง ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ู‡ูŠูƒ by
113
00:12:21,580 --> 00:12:23,100
twenty billion dollars
114
00:12:30,630 --> 00:12:35,250
ูˆุฅู† ุงู„ู€ Government Spending Multiplier 1.4 ุฅุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง
115
00:12:35,250 --> 00:12:40,030
ุงู„ู€ Given Data ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ูŠูƒุŒ ู†ุนู…ู„ Decrease ููŠ ุงู„ู€
116
00:12:40,030 --> 00:12:45,930
Government Spending 20 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ูˆุฅู† ุงู„ู€ Government
117
00:12:45,930 --> 00:12:53,230
Spending Multiplier equals 1.4 ูˆุฅู†
118
00:12:53,230 --> 00:12:59,110
ุงู„ู€ Deficit Response Index minus
119
00:12:59,110 --> 00:12:59,950
0.22
120
00:13:03,720 --> 00:13:07,460
ู‚ุฏ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู€ deficit ุจูŠู†ุฒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุขุฎุฑ ุงู„ู€ ..
121
00:13:07,460 --> 00:13:13,360
ุดูˆููˆุงุŒ ุนู†ุฏูŠ two effectsุŒ ุนู†ุฏูŠ two effects ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
122
00:13:13,360 --> 00:13:17,280
.. ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ budget deficit ู„ูˆ ู†ุฒู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ู†ุตูุŒ ุงู†ุฏุฌ
123
00:13:17,280 --> 00:13:24,160
ุจุนุดุฑูŠู†ุŒ ุจูƒู… ุจูŠู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ู€ budget deficit ุจุนุดุฑูŠู†ุŒ ุตุญุŸ
124
00:13:24,160 --> 00:13:30,500
ู…ุธุจูˆุท ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃุŸ ุฃู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ two effects ู„ูˆ ู†ุฒู„ู†ุง ..
125
00:13:30,500 --> 00:13:33,700
ุฃู†ุช ู…ุนูƒ .. ู…ุนูƒ ู…ุตุงุฑูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ budget ุชุจุนุชูƒุŒ ู…ุง ุจุฏูŠุด
126
00:13:33,700 --> 00:13:37,920
ุฃู†ูู‚ ุนุดุฑูŠู†ุŒ ู…ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฎุจูŠู‡ู… ู…ุนุงูƒุŒ ููุนู„ูŠู‹ุง ุฃู†ุง ุญูˆุดุช ุฃูˆ
127
00:13:37,920 --> 00:13:43,120
ู‚ู„ู„ุช budget deficit ุจุนุดุฑูŠู†ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ positive ุนู„ู‰
128
00:13:43,120 --> 00:13:49,200
ุงู„ู€ budget deficitุŒ ุตุญุŸ ุทูŠุจุŒ ุจุณุŒ ุจุณ ุงู„ู€ decreasing
129
00:13:49,200 --> 00:13:53,320
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ government spending by twenty billion
130
00:13:58,570 --> 00:14:02,270
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ GDP ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ู€ aggregate
131
00:14:02,270 --> 00:14:05,390
demand aggregate expenditure ูˆุจูŠู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ู€ aggregate
132
00:14:05,390 --> 00:14:11,530
demand for goods and services ูˆุจูŠุนู…ู„ decreasing ููŠ
133
00:14:11,530 --> 00:14:20,030
ุงู„ู€ Y ููŠ ุงู„ู€ GDP ูˆููŠ ุงู„ู€ income ุตุญ ุจูƒู… ู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ู€ YุŸ
134
00:14:20,030 --> 00:14:22,450
ูƒุฏุงุดุŸ
135
00:14:24,080 --> 00:14:27,280
ู†ุฌุฑุจุดู‡ .. ู†ุฌุฑุจุดู‡ .. ุจุงู„ู€ Multiplier .. ุจุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€
136
00:14:27,280 --> 00:14:32,700
Government Spending Multiplier ูุนู„ุง ุงู„ู€ GDP ู†ุฒู„ ูˆ
137
00:14:32,700 --> 00:14:37,560
ุงู„ู€ income ู†ุฒู„ ูˆ ุงู„ู€ taxes .. ุงู„ู€ income tax ุฑุญ ูŠู†ุฒู„
138
00:14:37,560 --> 00:14:42,040
.. ุตุญ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃุŸ ู„ุฅู† ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ู€ taxes ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ income
139
00:14:42,040 --> 00:14:47,760
.. ุตุญุŸ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุนู…ู„ decreasing ููŠ ุงู„ู€ tax revenue
140
00:14:52,530 --> 00:14:57,350
Decreasing ู„ุตูุฉ ุงู„ู€ Tax Revenue Negative ูˆู„ุง
141
00:14:57,350 --> 00:14:59,970
Positive ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Budget DeficitุŸ ูƒูˆูŠุณ ูˆู„ุง ู…ุด ูƒูˆูŠุณุŸ
142
00:14:59,970 --> 00:15:03,810
ู„ู„ุจุฌุชุŒ ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุช ุจุชุฏูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ Budget ุงู„ู€ Government
143
00:15:03,810 --> 00:15:09,850
Revenue ุจุชุงุนูƒ ู†ุฒู„ุŒ ุงู„ู€ Deficit ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏุŒ ุตุญุŸ ุฏู„ูˆู‚ุชูŠุŒ
144
00:15:09,850 --> 00:15:14,190
ุฃู†ุง ูุฃู†ุช ุชุฃุซูŠุฑุงู† ู…ุชุถุงุฏุงู† ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุฎูู‘ุถุช
145
00:15:14,190 --> 00:15:16,970
ุงู„ู€ Government Spending ูƒุงู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ Positive ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
146
00:15:16,970 --> 00:15:22,710
BudgetุŒ ุตุญุŸ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ู†ุง ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ู€ Analysis
147
00:15:22,710 --> 00:15:26,230
ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตุงุฑ ุงู„ู€ Effect ููŠู‡ ุฃุฏุฑูŠุด ุงู„ู€ Negative
148
00:15:26,230 --> 00:15:33,070
ุตุงุฑ ุงู„ู€ Negative ู‡ู†ุง ุชุฃุซูŠุฑุงุช ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Positive
149
00:15:33,070 --> 00:15:39,030
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฑุคูŠุฉ Graham Rodman ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ุดูˆ ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€
150
00:15:39,030 --> 00:15:43,330
Feynman Effect ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Budget Deficit according to
151
00:15:43,330 --> 00:15:44,310
the given data ู‡ู†ุง
152
00:15:54,870 --> 00:16:00,550
ุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุŒ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ุฉ ุชุฏูุน
153
00:16:00,550 --> 00:16:06,130
20 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏุฑู‡ู…ุŒ ูู‡ุฐุง ุณูŠู‚ูˆู… ุจุชุฏูุน ุงู„ู€ GDP ุจู€ 20
154
00:16:06,130 --> 00:16:08,070
ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ู…ุฑุชูŠู†
155
00:16:08,070 --> 00:16:11,690
ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ู…ุฑุชูŠู†
156
00:16:11,690 --> 00:16:19,070
ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ู…ุฑุชูŠู†
157
00:16:19,810 --> 00:16:24,870
over delta g minus twenty equals one point four
158
00:16:24,870 --> 00:16:31,450
positive so ุงู„ู€ income delta y change in income
159
00:16:31,450 --> 00:16:36,090
equals minus twenty times one point four positive
160
00:16:36,090 --> 00:16:39,410
ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุฏูŠุด
161
00:16:39,410 --> 00:16:43,590
ู‡ุฐุง minus
162
00:16:43,590 --> 00:16:52,580
ุตุญ ู‡ุฐุง minus ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ุจู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
163
00:16:52,580 --> 00:16:57,080
ุนู† ุดูˆุŸ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ Decreasing ููŠ ุงู„ู€ GDP ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€
164
00:16:57,080 --> 00:17:03,800
Decreasing ููŠ ุงู„ู€ GDP equals minus 28 Billion
165
00:17:03,800 --> 00:17:08,580
Dollars ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูˆู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู† ุงุญู†ุง ุนู…ู„ู†ุง
166
00:17:08,580 --> 00:17:10,440
Decreasing ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Government Spending ุนู…ู„ู†ุง
167
00:17:10,440 --> 00:17:16,540
Decreasing ููŠ ุงู„ู€ GDP ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… due to the
168
00:17:16,540 --> 00:17:19,800
Government Spending multiplier ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุทูŠุจ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุนุทูˆู„ูŠ
169
00:17:24,610 --> 00:17:30,210
ูˆุงู„ู€ DRI Deficit Response Index minus 22 ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€
170
00:17:30,210 --> 00:17:34,110
deficit will increase ุจู‚ู‰ ูƒุฏู‡ ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ุดูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุนู†ุฏ
171
00:17:34,110 --> 00:17:39,910
ุงู„ู€ deficit response index equals
172
00:17:39,910 --> 00:17:44,690
ุงู„ู€ change ููŠ ุงู„ู€ deficit ุฃูˆ
173
00:17:44,690 --> 00:17:49,370
ุงู„ู€ change ููŠ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ GDP ุตุญุŸ
174
00:17:50,430 --> 00:17:53,970
ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ู€ change ููŠ ุงู„ู€ deficit due to the responses
175
00:17:53,970 --> 00:17:57,110
.. ุงู„ู€ deficit response index ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุนุทุงู†ูŠ
176
00:17:57,110 --> 00:18:01,310
negative 22 equals ุงู„ู€ change ููŠ ุงู„ู€ deficit ุงู„ู„ูŠ
177
00:18:01,310 --> 00:18:07,470
ู‡ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ู„ุงุฒู… ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ gate ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ change in
178
00:18:07,470 --> 00:18:11,310
the GDP ูƒุฏู‡ ุญุณุจูƒ ุงู„ู€ change ููŠ ุงู„ู€ GDPุŸ minus 22
179
00:18:11,310 --> 00:18:18,570
28 ุตุญุŸ ูƒุฏู‡ ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู€ change ููŠ ุงู„ู€ deficitุŸ ุตุญุŸ
180
00:18:19,690 --> 00:18:25,890
ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏูŠูุณูŠุช ู‡ูˆ
181
00:18:25,890 --> 00:18:37,470
ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง minus 28 times minus 0.22 minus 28
182
00:18:37,470 --> 00:18:48,530
times minus 0.22 positive 6.2 billion
183
00:18:52,070 --> 00:18:56,210
ูƒุฏุงุดูŠ ุงู„ู€ Final Change ููŠ ุงู„ู€ DeficitุŸ ุดูˆููˆุง ..
184
00:18:56,210 --> 00:19:01,070
ุดูˆููˆุง ุงู„ู€ Change .. ู„ูˆ ู†ุฒู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Gross Minimum ุจู€
185
00:19:01,070 --> 00:19:04,430
20 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Deficit ู…ุชุญูˆุด ุฃูˆูŠุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ุฒู„ ุจู€
186
00:19:04,430 --> 00:19:08,670
20 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู†ุŒ 20 billionุŒ ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุฌู‰
187
00:19:08,670 --> 00:19:10,450
ุชุฃุซูŠุฑู‡ ุจุณ 6.2
188
00:19:13,080 --> 00:19:17,640
ู‡ุฐุง ุฒูˆุฏ ุงู„ู€ deficit ุจู€ 6.2 ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ู€ deficit
189
00:19:17,640 --> 00:19:25,400
ุจู€ 20 ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ change ููŠ ุงู„ู€ deficit ุงู„ู€
190
00:19:25,400 --> 00:19:29,340
final change ููŠ ุงู„ู€ deficit ุงู„ู€ final change ููŠ
191
00:19:29,340 --> 00:19:32,860
ุงู„ู€ deficit ุงู„ู€
192
00:19:32,860 --> 00:19:37,700
final change in deficit equals
193
00:19:44,200 --> 00:19:49,320
ุญูŠูˆ ุงู„ู€ 20 ู†ุงู‚ุต 6.2 ุฑุญ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงู†ุฒูˆู„
194
00:19:49,320 --> 00:19:52,620
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ deficit decreasing or reduction ููŠ ุงู„
195
00:19:52,620 --> 00:19:57,140
budget deficit ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆุฅู† ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุฃูƒุชุจู‡
196
00:19:57,140 --> 00:20:00,600
ู‡ูŠูƒ minus 20 ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุนู…ู„ decreasing ููŠ ุงู„
197
00:20:00,600 --> 00:20:08,180
deficit plus 6.2 ุฑุญ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ negative ู„ุฃู† ู‡ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง
198
00:20:08,180 --> 00:20:10,640
ุงู„ู€ budget deficit ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ change ุฃุตู„ุง change ููŠ ุงู„
199
00:20:10,640 --> 00:20:13,540
deficit change ููŠ ุงู„ู€ budget deficit
200
00:20:16,910 --> 00:20:23,730
-14.8% ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุงุŸ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ
201
00:20:23,730 --> 00:20:29,090
ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุณุจุจ ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุณุจุจ
202
00:20:29,090 --> 00:20:33,790
ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุณุจุจ ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ
203
00:20:33,790 --> 00:20:37,050
ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุณุจุจ ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุณุจุจ
204
00:20:37,050 --> 00:20:40,690
ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุณุจุจ ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ
205
00:20:40,690 --> 00:20:42,570
ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุณุจุจ ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุณุจุจ
206
00:20:42,570 --> 00:20:42,690
ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุณุจุจ ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ
207
00:20:42,690 --> 00:20:43,890
ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุณุจุจ ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุณุจุจ
208
00:20:43,890 --> 00:20:49,170
ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ููŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู„ูƒู† ููŠู‡ ู„ู‡ negative impacts ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„
209
00:20:49,170 --> 00:20:55,350
GDP ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Y ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ tax revenue ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุงู„
210
00:20:55,350 --> 00:21:00,050
decreasing ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ู€ spending ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ budget ู…ู†
211
00:21:00,050 --> 00:21:05,470
ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ tax revenue ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู‚ุทุฑ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ and ููŠู‡
212
00:21:05,470 --> 00:21:11,650
ุงู„ู€ two effects ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ first effect ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ second
213
00:21:11,650 --> 00:21:12,090
effect
214
00:21:15,240 --> 00:21:20,900
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุดูˆูู†ุงู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ total effect ุนู„ู‰ budget deficit
215
00:21:20,900 --> 00:21:27,860
ู‡ูˆ ุตุงุฑ positive ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุฌุงุจูŠ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ let's go to
216
00:21:27,860 --> 00:21:29,680
something else here we have an example
217
00:21:38,310 --> 00:21:45,990
ูู„ุณุทูŠู† ูˆุงู„ู‡ูˆู„ู†ุฏ ู‡ูŠ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช
218
00:21:45,990 --> 00:21:49,570
ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช
219
00:21:49,570 --> 00:21:49,630
ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช
220
00:21:49,630 --> 00:21:50,130
ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช
221
00:21:50,130 --> 00:21:50,250
ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช
222
00:21:50,250 --> 00:21:55,910
ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช
223
00:21:55,910 --> 00:22:02,810
ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏุงุช
224
00:22:02,810 --> 00:22:10,720
ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉุŒ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏ ูˆุงู„ุณุนุฑ ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุชุจุท ููŠ ุฌูˆุฑุฌู„ุฏู† ู‡ูˆ
225
00:22:10,720 --> 00:22:14,720
4 ูˆูŠู‚ู„
226
00:22:14,720 --> 00:22:21,460
ุงู„ุณุนุฑ ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ูŠ ู„ู€ 20 ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ููŠ ูƒู„ ุงู‚ุชุตุงุฏ ู…ุน ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ
227
00:22:21,460 --> 00:22:27,260
ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ุจุงุนุชุจุงุฑ ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆูุฉ ู‡ู†ุงุŒ
228
00:22:27,260 --> 00:22:30,500
ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ูˆุฏูˆู„ุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉุŒ ููŠ ูู„ุณุทูŠู†
229
00:22:37,090 --> 00:22:40,510
ุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆูุฉ ุชุธู‡ุฑ ุฃู† ู…ูŠุฒุฉ ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง
230
00:22:40,510 --> 00:22:43,750
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง
231
00:22:43,750 --> 00:22:48,270
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง
232
00:22:48,270 --> 00:22:49,790
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง
233
00:22:49,790 --> 00:22:51,330
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง
234
00:22:51,330 --> 00:22:55,930
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง
235
00:22:55,930 --> 00:23:05,770
ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง
236
00:23:06,380 --> 00:23:11,860
ุงู„ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ู€ Government Spending ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
237
00:23:11,860 --> 00:23:19,400
Budget ู‡ู†ุง ุจุงู„ูู„ุณุทูŠู† ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ู†ุชุฎูŠู„ ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ููŠ
238
00:23:19,400 --> 00:23:24,420
ุงู„ู€ Deficit ุจุณุจุจ ุฃูˆ ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ Deficit
239
00:23:24,420 --> 00:23:31,420
Response Index ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ู†ุชุฎูŠู„ ู„ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู€
240
00:23:31,420 --> 00:23:32,560
Government Spending Multiplier
241
00:23:36,200 --> 00:23:40,000
Equals Change in Y over Change in G We are talking
242
00:23:40,000 --> 00:23:45,240
about Palestine So Delta Y in Palestine Equals
243
00:23:45,240 --> 00:23:50,840
Gauss-Vindic Multiplier Times Delta G So Delta Y
244
00:23:50,840 --> 00:23:53,920
Equals Gauss-Vindic Multiplier Equals 2 Times
245
00:23:53,920 --> 00:23:57,720
Change in Gauss-Vindic Multiplier Minus 20 Equals
246
00:23:57,720 --> 00:24:02,080
Minus 40 This is Change in Y
247
00:24:05,430 --> 00:24:09,930
ู…ุน ุฐู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุชุฎู„ุต ุงู„ุญูƒูˆู…ุฉ ุฃูˆ ูŠุชุฎู„ุต
248
00:24:09,930 --> 00:24:17,750
ู…ุงู„ู‡ุง ู…ู† 20 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ุงู„ู€ GDP ุณุชุชุฎู„ุต ู…ู† 40
249
00:24:17,750 --> 00:24:22,390
ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ. ุงู„ุขู† ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ุฐู‡ุจ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูˆูŠุฉ
250
00:24:22,390 --> 00:24:29,910
ุงู„ุชูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑุจ ุงู„ู…ูุงุฌุฆุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ููŠ
251
00:24:29,910 --> 00:24:39,630
ุงู„ู…ูุงุฌุฃุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ููŠ GDPุŒ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Y ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ุฑู‰
252
00:24:39,630 --> 00:24:45,890
ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏูŠูุณูŠุช ูŠู‚ู„
253
00:24:45,890 --> 00:24:55,730
DI ู…ุฑุฉ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ููŠ Y ุฏูุณูŠุช ุงู„ุงู†ุฏู‚ุณูŠ ู‡ู†ุง minus 0.20
254
00:24:55,730 --> 00:25:01,570
times minus 40 equals positive 8
255
00:25:03,970 --> 00:25:11,770
ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Deficit ููŠ ูู„ุณุทูŠู† ุงู„ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ
256
00:25:11,770 --> 00:25:18,650
ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Deficit ู‡ุฐุง
257
00:25:18,650 --> 00:25:22,030
ุงู„ู…ุซู„
258
00:25:22,030 --> 00:25:28,490
ู‡ูŠูƒุจ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุฅุฐุง ุชุฃุซูŠุฑู‡ positive ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ budget ุน ุงู„
259
00:25:28,490 --> 00:25:30,190
budget deficit ุตุญุŸ
260
00:25:32,470 --> 00:25:37,190
ู„ุฃ ุชุฃุซูŠุฑู‡ positive ู…ุธุจูˆุท
261
00:25:37,190 --> 00:25:44,810
ุฅุฐุง ุชุฃุซูŠุฑู‡ ุฅูŠุด positive ุตุญุŸ ุชู…ุงู… ุดูˆู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู‚ู„ู„ ุงู„
262
00:25:44,810 --> 00:25:47,810
deficit ุชุฃุซูŠุฑู‡ positive ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ deficit
263
00:25:47,810 --> 00:25:53,710
ุชุฃุซูŠุฑู‡ negative ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ budget ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ so here we can
264
00:25:53,710 --> 00:26:00,610
say that minus two minus twenty plus ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ
265
00:26:02,550 --> 00:26:06,690
Equals Minus Twelve This Means That The Deficit
266
00:26:06,690 --> 00:26:13,090
Will Decline By Twelve The Same As For Jordan But
267
00:26:13,090 --> 00:26:17,030
We Have To Use WhatุŸ The Gauss-Vindic Multiplier
268
00:26:17,030 --> 00:26:26,390
Four Instead Of Two ุจุฏู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู†ุญุท ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ูˆูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„
269
00:26:26,390 --> 00:26:29,130
calculations ุฑุญ ูŠุทู„ุน ู…ุนุงูƒ ุทุจุนุง ู‡ู„ ู‡ูˆ the same
270
00:26:29,130 --> 00:26:30,510
effectุŸ
271
00:26:33,880 --> 00:26:43,860
ุจูŠุฎุชู„ู ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ minus eighty ู…ุธุจูˆุท ุชู…ุงู… ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุนู…ู„ู‡
272
00:26:43,860 --> 00:26:51,220
ุญุณุงุจ ู„ุญุงู„ู‡ minus eighty ูƒุฏู‡ ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุณุชุฉ ุนุดุฑ ูƒุฏู‡
273
00:26:51,220 --> 00:27:00,700
ุฅู† ู‡ุฐุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ minus eighty plus sixteen minus
274
00:27:00,700 --> 00:27:01,520
four
275
00:27:04,660 --> 00:27:08,580
ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ู…ูŠู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ efficiency ุฃูˆ effectiveness
276
00:27:08,580 --> 00:27:12,580
ุฃุนู„ู‰ ูู„ุณุทูŠู† ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ุฃุฑุฏู† ููŠ ุชุฎููŠุถ ุงู„ budget
277
00:27:12,580 --> 00:27:19,040
deficitุŸ ูู„ุณุทูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุคุดุฑ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู
278
00:27:19,040 --> 00:27:22,380
ุฃุตู„ู‹ุง ููŠ ุงู„ data ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุนู…ู„ูˆุง decrease ููŠ ุงู„
279
00:27:22,380 --> 00:27:28,880
gap of spending ุจ 20 ูˆุนู†ุฏู‡ู… DII minus 20 ุงู„ gap
280
00:27:28,880 --> 00:27:33,300
of spending multiplier ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงู…ุน ุงู„ู€
281
00:27:33,300 --> 00:27:38,960
Spending Multiplier ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฃู‚ู„ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ efficiency
282
00:27:38,960 --> 00:27:42,060
ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุฃูˆ capacity ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ Decreasing ู„ู€
283
00:27:42,060 --> 00:27:46,580
Budget Deficit ุญูŠุซ ุฅู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ููŠ
284
00:27:46,580 --> 00:27:50,920
ุงู„ุฃุฑุฏู† ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุนู…ู„ู†ุง Decreasing ู„ู€ Budget
285
00:27:50,920 --> 00:27:55,480
Deficit ู„ูƒูุงุกุฉ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ููŠ ุชุฎููŠุถ ุงู„ู€ Budget Deficit
286
00:27:55,480 --> 00:28:04,140
ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ุชู…ุงู… ุทุจุนู‹ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃุตุจุญ ุฃู‚ู„
287
00:28:04,140 --> 00:28:10,520
ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุฑุฏู† ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ูˆุตู„ุฉ
288
00:28:10,520 --> 00:28:18,140
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ B ุงู„
289
00:28:18,140 --> 00:28:22,500
ู…ุฑุชูุน
290
00:28:22,500 --> 00:28:26,660
ู‡ูˆ ุงุชูุงู‚ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุชูุนูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุชูˆุงุตู„ูŠู†
291
00:28:42,130 --> 00:28:47,810
ุทุจ ุณุคุงู„ ู„ูˆ ุบูŠุฑู†ุง ุงู„ู€
292
00:28:47,810 --> 00:28:55,850
DRI ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุชูู‚ูŠู† ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ larger government
293
00:28:55,850 --> 00:29:01,250
spending multiplier is whatุŸ
294
00:29:01,250 --> 00:29:05,310
the lower ability to decrease the budget deficit
295
00:29:05,310 --> 00:29:11,470
ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ุซู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ lower ability
296
00:29:14,170 --> 00:29:25,370
or Capability To Decrease Budget Deficit ุตุญุŸ
297
00:29:25,370 --> 00:29:28,250
ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ Multiple Grabbers ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุฑุฏู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุงู† ุฃุนู„ู‰
298
00:29:28,250 --> 00:29:32,990
ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… Less Ability To Decrease Budget Deficit
299
00:29:32,990 --> 00:29:39,050
ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ุทูŠุจ ู„ูˆ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ DRI ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุซุจุชู†ุง ุงู„
300
00:29:39,050 --> 00:29:44,560
variables ูˆุบูŠู‘ุฑู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ DRI ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฒูˆุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ DRI ุจู…ุง
301
00:29:44,560 --> 00:29:47,300
ูŠุนู†ูŠ .. before going to this example ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง
302
00:29:47,300 --> 00:29:51,300
ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ java spending multiplier the same in
303
00:29:51,300 --> 00:29:55,040
two countries ูˆุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ
304
00:29:55,040 --> 00:30:03,300
ุงู„ deficit response index ููŠู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฑุฏู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ we
305
00:30:03,300 --> 00:30:08,900
have the same .. the same data ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฃู† ุงู„ ..
306
00:30:08,900 --> 00:30:14,350
ุงู„ .. ุงู„ deficit response index ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฒูŠุฏ ุฅูŠุด in
307
00:30:14,350 --> 00:30:17,010
Palestine ุฎู„ู†ุง ู†ุญุท ุงู„ุฏู‘ูŠูˆุชุฉ ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆ ู†ุดูˆู ู†ุนู…ู„ ุงู„
308
00:30:17,010 --> 00:30:20,190
trying ูˆ ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ effect ูˆ ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ theory ุฅูŠุด ุจุชู‚ูˆู„
309
00:30:20,190 --> 00:30:32,710
ุฅุฐุง ุฅู† in Palestine ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุฑุฏู† ุชู…ุงู…
310
00:30:32,710 --> 00:30:36,410
ุจุณ ููŠ ุดุบู„ ู…ูŠู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ efficiency ุฃูˆ ability to
311
00:30:36,410 --> 00:30:40,170
decrease budget deficit ูˆ ู…ูŠู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฅู…ูƒุงู†ูŠุงุช ุฃุนู„ู‰
312
00:30:41,080 --> 00:30:44,680
ุจุนุฑูุด I don't know we have to use the different
313
00:30:44,680 --> 00:30:53,080
formulas to answer this question ุฌูˆุงุจู‡ุง ุฅู† ุฅู†ู†ุง
314
00:30:53,080 --> 00:30:58,320
ู‡ูŠูƒ deficit response index in Palestine equals
315
00:30:58,320 --> 00:31:12,340
minus 0.30 ุฌุงุจุฑ spending multiplier ูŠู‚ู„ ู„ู€ G ุจู€
316
00:31:12,340 --> 00:31:20,660
20 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ูˆ ูŠู‚ู„
317
00:31:20,660 --> 00:31:25,120
ู„ู€ Jordan ุจู€
318
00:31:25,120 --> 00:31:28,240
G
319
00:31:28,240 --> 00:31:34,840
ุจู€ 20 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ูˆ ู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ุณู†ู‚ูˆู… ุจุงุนุชุจุงุฑ ุฃู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ
320
00:31:34,840 --> 00:31:39,040
ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ
321
00:31:39,040 --> 00:31:41,100
ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ
322
00:31:41,100 --> 00:31:41,280
ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ
323
00:31:41,280 --> 00:31:43,220
ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ
324
00:31:43,220 --> 00:31:44,340
ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ
325
00:31:44,340 --> 00:31:44,500
ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ
326
00:31:44,500 --> 00:32:00,100
ุงู„ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ุงู„
327
00:32:03,650 --> 00:32:09,370
20. Who has larger ability or capability to
328
00:32:09,370 --> 00:32:12,750
decrease the budget deficitุŸ We have to use the
329
00:32:12,750 --> 00:32:15,290
formulas. I don't know. We have to calculate. We
330
00:32:15,290 --> 00:32:17,930
have to use the different formula using the
331
00:32:17,930 --> 00:32:23,470
government spending plan. ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ุฃุฑุฏู†ุŸ ุญุณุจุชู‡ุงุŸ
332
00:32:23,470 --> 00:32:28,790
Calculated ูŠุนู†ูŠุŸ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ุจุฏุฃ ูŠุชุนู…ู„ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ larger
333
00:32:28,790 --> 00:32:34,410
ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง deficit response index ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง ุงู„ larger ุฃูˆ ุงู„
334
00:32:34,410 --> 00:32:38,310
lower ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุจุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุฒุงุฏุช ุจุฃุซุฑ ุนูƒุณูŠ ุนู„ู‰
335
00:32:38,310 --> 00:32:46,110
ุงู„ูุถู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ delta deficit ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ
336
00:32:46,110 --> 00:32:51,170
ู…ุธุจูˆุท ูƒู„ุงู…ูƒ ุตุญุŸ ุตุญุŸ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู‡ู„ุฃ ู†ุดูˆู ู‡ูŠ ูƒุฃู† ุงู„ู€
337
00:32:51,170 --> 00:32:54,250
Government Spending Multiplier equals Delta Y over
338
00:32:54,250 --> 00:32:59,410
Delta G so Delta Y here equals Delta G times
339
00:32:59,410 --> 00:33:03,470
Government Spending Multiplier ู‚ุฏ ุงูŠุด ุนู†ุฏู†ุง minus 20
340
00:33:03,470 --> 00:33:11,830
times positive 20 equals minus 40 a change in
341
00:33:11,830 --> 00:33:16,550
deficit DRI
342
00:33:18,030 --> 00:33:23,390
Times what? Delta Y ูƒุฏู‡
343
00:33:23,390 --> 00:33:28,310
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง Depth of ResponseุŸ Minus 0.30 Times change
344
00:33:28,310 --> 00:33:36,470
in Y Minus 40 ุงุซู†ุง ุนุดุฑ Positive ุงุซู†ุง ุนุดุฑ ุฅุฐุง ููŠ ูู„ุณุทูŠู†
345
00:33:36,470 --> 00:33:41,350
ู„ุณู‡ ู…ุง ุฎู„ุตุช ุตุญุŸ
346
00:33:41,350 --> 00:33:46,510
ุดูˆ ุฅุฐุง ูŠุนู…ู„ุŸ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ decrease in Palestine ุจูŠุนู…ู„
347
00:33:46,510 --> 00:33:47,390
change ููŠ ุงู„ deficit
348
00:33:50,750 --> 00:33:58,210
Equals minus 20 plus 12 ูŠุฏูŠุด ุฑุญ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ minus 8
349
00:33:58,210 --> 00:34:02,010
ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุฃู†ู‡ Palestine is able to decrease the
350
00:34:02,010 --> 00:34:06,150
budget deficit by 80 million dollars What about
351
00:34:06,150 --> 00:34:12,350
JordanุŸ ุฅุฐู† ู‡ู†ุง Palestine is able to decrease the
352
00:34:12,350 --> 00:34:17,990
deficit by 8 million dollars Let's check with
353
00:34:17,990 --> 00:34:25,740
Jordan here ุนู…ู„ ุญุณุงุจุงุชูƒ ู†ุดูˆู Delta Y equals minus
354
00:34:25,740 --> 00:34:28,900
twenty times government spending multiplied by
355
00:34:28,900 --> 00:34:33,800
positive two minus forty the same as previous case
356
00:34:33,800 --> 00:34:44,260
here what about the DRI change in deficit equals
357
00:34:44,260 --> 00:34:54,930
DRI times the change in Y ู‚ุฏ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู€ DRIุŸ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุนุดุฑ ููŠ
358
00:34:54,930 --> 00:35:01,270
ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ุจุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ negative times dy ุณุงู„ุจ ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู†ุŒ ูƒุฏู‡
359
00:35:01,270 --> 00:35:10,430
ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุทู„ุนุŸ ู…ูˆุฌุจ ุณุชุฉุŒ ุตุญุŸ ูƒุฏู‡ ุงู„ final ุฅู†ู‡ุงุŸ Delta
360
00:35:10,430 --> 00:35:15,770
G negative ุนุดุฑูŠู† plus ุณุชุฉ equals negative ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุนุดุฑ
361
00:35:15,770 --> 00:35:23,850
Jordan has a larger ability to ุชู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ู€ deficit
362
00:35:23,850 --> 00:35:33,070
ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู„ู†ุฐู‡ุจ ุฅู„ู‰ ุดูŠุก ุขุฎุฑ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุชุจุท ู‡ูˆ 2
363
00:35:33,070 --> 00:35:39,230
.5 ุซู… ุจุงุนุชุจุงุฑ ุงู„ู€ data ุงู„ู…ู‚ุฏู…ุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุฑุชุจุท ุงู„ู€
364
00:35:39,230 --> 00:35:45,470
government spending equals 2.4 ุฅุฐู†
365
00:35:45,470 --> 00:35:47,290
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ government spending multiplier
366
00:35:53,810 --> 00:36:04,450
2.4 2.5 positive Investment spending falls by 200
367
00:36:04,450 --> 00:36:10,170
million dollars No,
368
00:36:10,410 --> 00:36:15,230
no, no, the change in investment It's one of the
369
00:36:15,230 --> 00:36:21,030
autonomous variables ุงุญู†ุง ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุงู„ control over
370
00:36:21,030 --> 00:36:26,730
variables ููŠ ุงู„ุฅู‚ุชุตุงุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€C GDP equals C plus
371
00:36:26,730 --> 00:36:31,410
I plus G plus X minus MุŒ ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ุฅุฐุง ุญุฑูƒู†ุง ุงู„ู€GุŒ
372
00:36:31,410 --> 00:36:35,330
ุจุชุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ู€GDPุŒ ุญุฑูƒ ุงู„ู€InvestmentุŒ ุจุชุญุฑูƒ
373
00:36:35,330 --> 00:36:38,810
ุงู„ู€GDPุŒ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐูŠู† ูŠุณู…ูˆู†ู‡ู… autonomousุŒ autonomous
374
00:36:38,810 --> 00:36:40,850
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุซูˆุงุจุช
375
00:36:46,630 --> 00:36:49,690
ุจุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉุŒ ุงู„ู€ Investment Multiplier ู‡ูˆ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠุก
376
00:36:49,690 --> 00:36:52,690
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุชูˆุงุตู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Guaranteed Spending
377
00:36:52,690 --> 00:36:59,070
Multiplier ู‡ูˆ 1 ุนู„ู‰ 1 ู†ุงู‚ุต ู…ู† Pc Delta Y over Delta G
378
00:36:59,070 --> 00:37:04,070
IุŒ ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ุจุณ ู†ูƒุชุจ ู‡ุฐุง ูˆ ู†ุฑุฌุน ู„ู„ู‡ุฌูˆู… ุงู„ู€ Change in
379
00:37:04,070 --> 00:37:12,210
IุŒ ูู‡ูˆ Decreasing ู…ู† 200 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ ุชุณุจุจ ููŠ ุชู‚ุณูŠู… ุงู„ู…ุงู„
380
00:37:12,210 --> 00:37:35,570
ุฅู„ู‰ 100 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ
381
00:37:39,170 --> 00:37:44,910
The deficit response index equals
382
00:37:44,910 --> 00:37:51,570
ุฌุฏุงุดุŸ
383
00:37:51,570 --> 00:37:52,430
ุดูˆููˆุง
384
00:37:57,140 --> 00:37:59,280
ู…ุด Government Spending Multiplier ุฎู„ุงุต ู‡ูˆ
385
00:37:59,280 --> 00:38:03,800
Investment Multiplier ู…ุนู„ุด ู‡ูˆ ู…ุด ุฌุงูŠู„ูŠ Multiplier
386
00:38:03,800 --> 00:38:06,900
ุจุณ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุง ุงู†ุชุจู‡ุช ู„ู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ Investment Multiplier ู…ุด
387
00:38:06,900 --> 00:38:09,360
Government Spending Multiplier ุฏู„ูˆู‚ุชูŠ Investment
388
00:38:09,360 --> 00:38:15,560
Multiplier
389
00:38:15,560 --> 00:38:20,260
Investment
390
00:38:20,260 --> 00:38:23,080
Multiplier ุจุงู„ุธุจุท ุฒูŠ ุงู„ formula ุชุจุนูŠ Government
391
00:38:23,080 --> 00:38:24,760
Spending Multiplier ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Delta Y
392
00:38:27,840 --> 00:38:36,860
over delta I equals 1 over 1 minus M P C ุจู…ุนู†ู‰
393
00:38:36,860 --> 00:38:42,620
ู„ูˆ ุฒูˆุฏู†ุง ุงู„ investment ุฏู‡ ูƒู… ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ GDPุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุฃุตู„
394
00:38:42,620 --> 00:38:48,940
ุงู„ formula ุชุจุนุช ุงู„ GDP ุดูˆ ู‡ูŠุŸ ุงู„ GDP C
395
00:38:48,940 --> 00:38:54,920
plus I plus G plus X minus M ุตุญุŸ ุจุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุจู„ ู„ู…ุง
396
00:38:54,920 --> 00:38:59,700
ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ู„ูˆ ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ government spending ุจุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ GDP ู„ูˆ
397
00:38:59,700 --> 00:39:03,340
ู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ government spending ุจู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ GDP ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„
398
00:39:03,340 --> 00:39:06,480
autonomous variable ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ investment ู„ูˆ
399
00:39:06,480 --> 00:39:08,620
ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ investment ุจูƒุงู… ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ government
400
00:39:08,620 --> 00:39:12,220
spending ู„ูˆ ู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ investment ุจูƒุงู… ุจูŠู†ุฒู„ ุงู„
401
00:39:12,220 --> 00:39:16,080
government spending ุงู„ exports ููŠ ุฅุดูŠ ุชุงู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู„ูˆ
402
00:39:16,080 --> 00:39:19,640
ููŠ ุงู„ opening ูƒู„ุงู…ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ exports ุจูƒุงู… ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ
403
00:39:19,640 --> 00:39:25,210
ุงู„ GDP ู„ูˆ ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ imports ุจูƒุงู… ุจูŠู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ GDP ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง
404
00:39:25,210 --> 00:39:29,890
ู†ูŠุฌุงุชูŠู ุฒุงุฏ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ consumption ู„ูˆ ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„
405
00:39:29,890 --> 00:39:34,690
consumption ุจูƒุงู… ุจูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ GDP ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุงู„ idea ู‡ุงู† ุงู„
406
00:39:34,690 --> 00:39:42,330
idea ู‡ุงู† ุงุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ู…ู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ investment multiplier
407
00:39:42,330 --> 00:39:48,350
investment multiplier ู‡ุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ู„ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง investment
408
00:39:48,350 --> 00:39:55,680
multiplier Delta Y over Delta I ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูŠุณ ุญูƒูŠ
409
00:39:55,680 --> 00:40:02,380
ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู€ Margin of Return ุชุชู‚ู†ุตูŠู‡ ุงู„ุญูƒูŠ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€
410
00:40:02,380 --> 00:40:07,780
Investment Multiplier equals Delta Y over Delta I
411
00:40:07,780 --> 00:40:14,960
ู…ุชู‚ู†ุน ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู€ Investment Multiplier is given then
412
00:40:14,960 --> 00:40:18,300
2.5 positive
413
00:40:19,620 --> 00:40:24,440
equals change in Y over change in investment ุงุฐุง
414
00:40:24,440 --> 00:40:29,460
ุงู„ investment spending falls by 200 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑ
415
00:40:29,460 --> 00:40:37,600
ุงุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ุณุงู„ุจ 200 so the change in Y equals ุณุงู„ุจ
416
00:40:37,600 --> 00:40:48,300
200 times positive 2.5 equals ุณุงู„ุจ 500 ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ
417
00:40:50,320 --> 00:40:53,900
ุณุคุงู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงู„ู€ output will decrease by
418
00:40:53,900 --> 00:41:01,440
five million dollars ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ deficit response index
419
00:41:01,440 --> 00:41:06,280
ุจู„ุงุด
420
00:41:06,280 --> 00:41:10,840
ูŠุง ุชู‚ูŠุง ู…ุด ุจุงู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุงูŠ ู…ุนุชู‚ุฏ deficit response
421
00:41:10,840 --> 00:41:14,280
index ู‡ูˆ ุดูˆ ุจุฏู‡ ุจุฏู‡ deficit response index change
422
00:41:14,280 --> 00:41:14,780
in deficit
423
00:41:24,960 --> 00:41:34,620
ุฃูˆู„ุง ุงู„ู€ change ููŠ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุงู„ู€ NY ุงู„ู€
424
00:41:34,620 --> 00:41:38,460
change ููŠ NY ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ givenุŒ ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ุทูŠุจุŒ ูˆ ุฅูŠุด
425
00:41:38,460 --> 00:41:48,360
ุจู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ู‡ู†ุงุŸ causing taxes to fall ุจู‚ุฏุงุด ุทุจ ู„ุฅู†
426
00:41:48,360 --> 00:41:51,060
ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ taxesุŒ ุดูˆ ูŠุนู…ู„ ููŠ budget
427
00:41:51,060 --> 00:41:59,580
deficitุŸ ุจุงู„ุธุจุท ุฒุงุฏู‡ุง ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ deficit ุจ 100 ู…ู„ูŠูˆู†
428
00:41:59,580 --> 00:42:08,860
ุตุญุŸ ู„ุฅู† ู‡ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุนู…ู„ four taxes by one million ู…ุฏุงู…
429
00:42:08,860 --> 00:42:12,340
ุงู„ taxes ู†ุฒู„ุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุฌู…ุนู‡ุง as a government
430
00:42:12,340 --> 00:42:18,140
ู†ุฒู„ ุงู„ budget deficit ุฒุงุฏ ุตุญุŸ ู„ุฅู† ู‡ุงุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุนู…ู„ ุงู„
431
00:42:18,140 --> 00:42:18,700
DRI
432
00:42:22,010 --> 00:42:26,510
Change in deficit 100
433
00:42:26,510 --> 00:42:29,970
positive
434
00:42:29,970 --> 00:42:40,210
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ change ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูŠูƒ ุณุงู„ุจ ุฎู…ุณู…ูŠุฉ ุณุงู„ุจ 500 ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ
435
00:42:40,210 --> 00:42:46,150
this is the deficit response index ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุทูŠุจ
436
00:42:46,150 --> 00:42:47,170
ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ