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ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุณูˆู ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ 14 ูˆู„ูƒู† ู‚ุจู„
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ุฃู† ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ 14 ูŠู…ูƒู†ู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุถูŠุน
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ุงู„ู…ู‚ุฏู…ุฉ ู…ุง ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู‚ุงุฆู…ุฉ ู…ูˆุงุถูŠุน ุชุฎุชุงุฑ ู…ู†
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22 ู…ูˆุงุถูŠุน ู‡ุฐู‡
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ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุถูŠุน ู…ูˆุงุถูŠุน ุงู„ุชุตู…ูŠู… ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุฃูŠุด ู…ูˆุถูˆุนุงุช ู‡ู†ุฏุณูŠุฉ ุฅุฐุง
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ูƒู†ุช ู„ุฃูŠ ู†ูˆุน ุฃูˆ ู„ุฃุณุจุงุจ ุชุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุชุฎุชุงุฑ ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ูู‚ุท
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ุฏุนู†ูŠ ุฃุนุฑู ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ูˆู‡ูˆ ุจุฎูŠุฑ ุนู„ูŠูƒ ุฃู† ุชุฌู…ุน ูุฑูŠู‚ ูุฑูŠู‚
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ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ู…ู† 3 ุฅู„ู‰ 4 ุทู„ุงุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ููŠ
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ุงู„ูุฑูŠู‚ ุชุจุนูƒู… the presentation should be around ten
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minutes for the team ten minutes around two and a
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half minutes for each of you or ูŠุนู†ูŠ three minutes
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for each ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุงู„ูุฑูŠู‚ ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุดุฑ ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ู„ู„
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presentation ูุฃู†ุช ุจุฏูƒ ุชุจุญุซ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ูˆ ุชุนุทูŠ ุตูˆุฑุฉ
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ูŠู…ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ุชุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ุง later ุจุณ ุฃู‚ู„ ุดูŠุก ุจุฏูƒ you
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need to select a topic by the 18th of this month
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุงุฑุณ 18 ู…ุงุฑุณ ุจุฏูƒูˆู† ูƒู„ ู‡ูŠุชูƒู… already ุงุฎุชุฑุชูˆุง
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ุงู„ูุฑูŠู‚ ุชุจุนูƒู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุดุชุบู„ ู…ุนุงูƒู… ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู…ู…ูƒู†
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ุจูƒุฑุง ุจุณ ู…ุชู‰ ู…ุชู‰ ุชู‚ุฑุฑูˆุง ุชู‚ุฑุฑูˆุง ุงู„ูุฑูŠู‚ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู„ุงุฑุจุน
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ุจู†ุงุช ูู‚ุทุŒ ูƒูˆูŠุณุŸ ุงู„ุขู† ู…ุง ุฅู†ู…ุง ู‚ุฑุฑุชูˆุง ุงู„ูุฑูŠู‚ ุชุจุนูƒู… ูˆ
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ู‚ุฑุฑุชูˆุง ุงู„ topic ุชุจุนุชูˆู„ูŠ email confirming ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู†
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ุงุญู†ุง ุงู„ูุฑูŠู‚ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุฎุชุงุฑูˆุง topic out in two ู„ุฃู†
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ู‡ุฐุง ุฏู‡ ุจู†ุทู„ุน ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ูƒู„ group ุจูŠุทู„ุนู„ู‡ุง one
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topic ูุจุฏูŠ ูƒู„ .. ุจุฏูŠุด ุญุฏ ูŠูƒุฑุฑ ุงู„ topic ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ
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ู‡ุญุทู‡ู… ุจุงู„ุฃุณูˆุฏ ุงู„ topics ุงู„ู„ูŠ get selected ู‡ูŠุตูŠุฑูˆุง
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ุจุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ู…ุชู‰ ู…ุง ูˆุตู„ูˆุง ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ุฎู„ุงุต ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡
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ู‡ุฐุง topic is out of the question ูƒูˆูŠุณุŸ ูู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ
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ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠุณ ุณุคุงู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง
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ุงู„ุนุฑุถ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุฃุฎุฑ ูุตู„ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู†ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุฎุฑ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง
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ุฃุณุจูˆุนูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ูุตู„ ุจุชุชู… ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนุฑุถุŒ ูƒูˆูŠุณุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุฎุฑ
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ุฃุณุจูˆุนูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ูุตู„ .. ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ููŠ structure ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ structure ุชุจุน ุงู„ presentation ุฅูŠุด
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ู„ุงุฒู… ุชุญุชูˆูŠุŸ ูƒูŠู ู„ุงุฒู… ุชุดุชุบู„ูˆุง ุชุนู…ู„ูˆุง presentationุŸ
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ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุดุบู„ุงุชุŸ ูƒูŠู ุจุฏูƒู… ุชุญูƒูˆุงุŸ ูƒูŠู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฎุฌู„ู† ููŠูƒู…
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ุจุฏู‡ู… ูŠุธุจุทูˆุง ุญุงู„ู‡ู…ุŸ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู†ู‡ ููŠ .. ููŠ ..
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ู„ู…ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ presentation ุจุณ ุงู„ุขู† ุฅูŠุด ุฃู†ุช
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ุจุชุนู…ู„ูŠุŸ reservation ู„ู„ topic ุจุชุญุฌุฒูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุชุจุนูƒูˆ
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ุจุชุญุฏุฏูŠ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ูุฑูŠู‚ ุชุจุนูƒ ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุจุชุณูˆูŠ
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ู„ู…ุง ุงุชุญุฏุฏ ุงู„ูุฑูŠู‚ ุชุจุนูƒ ุฎู„ุงุต ุจุจู‚ู‰ ุนุงุฑู ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุฎู„ุตูˆุง ูˆ
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ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุง ู„ู‡ู…ุด ุญุฏ ู‡ุงู†ุชู‡ู… ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุณูŠุฑ ุจุญุทู‡ู… ููŠ
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ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุชุŒ ูƒูˆูŠุณูŠู† ู‡ูŠูƒุŸ ุงุญุฏุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ
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ุทูŠุจ ุทูŠุจ today as we said we gonna talk about
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polymers ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุด polymers ุงู„ุขู†
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ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃุญูƒูŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงู„ polymers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ plastic
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ุฒูŠ ุงู„ูƒูˆุดูˆูƒ ูˆ ุฒูŠ .. ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุฃุณุงู…ูŠ ุนุฏุฉ ุจุณ ุฎู„ูŠู†ูŠ
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ุงู„ุขู† ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุนุทูŠูƒูŠ ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู…
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polymers ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ ุดุบู„ุงุช ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงุณู… ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ ู„ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ
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ู‡ูŠ poly ุฃูŠุด ู…ุชุนุฏุฏ Umar ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ู…ุชุนุฏุฏุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
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ุชูƒูˆูŠู†ู‡ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุฌุฒูŠุฆุงุช ู…ุชุนุฏุฏุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุดุบู„ุงุช
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ุงู„ุฌุฒูŠุฆุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุนุฏุฏุฉ ุชุชุฐูƒุฑูˆุง ุฃู†ุชูˆ ู„ู…ุง ุฃู†ุง ุฎุฏุชูˆุง ุจุงู„
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biochemistry ูƒูŠู…ูŠุง ุงู„ุญูŠูˆูŠุฉ ุฎุฏุชูˆุง ุจู‡ุง .. ุฃุฎุฏุชูˆู‡ุง
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ุจุงู„ุซุงู†ูˆูŠุฉุŸ ูƒูŠู ูƒุงู† ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ structure ุชุจุน ุงู„ุฌุฒูŠุฆุงุช
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ุฃูˆ ุงู„ moleculesุŸ ูƒูŠู ูƒุงู†ุŸ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ูู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ
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ุชูƒูˆูŠู†ุงุชู‡ุง ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ูู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ูุตูŠู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ุฏุงุฆู†
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ุจุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ
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what
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we gonna talk about today is natural and synthetic
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polymers thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics
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ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ natural ูˆ ุงู„
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synthetic ุฅูŠุด naturalุŸ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ SyntheticุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุนูƒุณ
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ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŸ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ู…ุตู†ุนุŒ Thermoplastic ุงู„ู€ ุงู„ plastic
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ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑูŠ ูˆ Thermosetting plastic ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ plastic
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชู… ุชุตู†ูŠุนู‡ ุญุฑุงุฑูŠุงุŒ ุงู„ plastic ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุตู†ุน
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ุญุฑุงุฑูŠุง natural and synthetic polymers ุงู„ูˆูŠุจ ุจูŠุฌ ุชุญุช
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ู…ู† ู…ูˆู‚ุน ูˆูŠุจ ุตูุญุฉ ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช
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ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช
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ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช
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ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช
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ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช
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ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช
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ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช
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ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช
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ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ู„ู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช
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ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุฃุณุงู…ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดุงูŠููŠู† ุงู„ุงุณู… ุชุจุนู‡ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฃุฏูŠุดุŸ
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ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุง ุทู„ุนุช ุนู„ูŠู‡ ููƒุฑุช ุฃู†ู‡ Miss Spelt ู„ุฃู† ุญุฌู…
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ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุฃุญูŠุงู†ุง ุจุชููƒุฑูŠู‡ุง ู…ู„ุงุฒู…ุฉ ุจุจุนุถ ู‡ูŠ ุจุงู„ุบู„ุท it's
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not surprising that polymers are usually called by
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their more common names ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ plastic ู‡ุฐุง
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ุงู„ุงุณู… ุจุชุดูˆููŠู‡ูˆุด ุฅู„ุง ุญุชู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ุงู…ูˆุณ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุงุฏ ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ
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ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ุงู…ูˆุณ ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
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ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุงุณู… ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠ ุชุจุนู‡ุงุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ุฃุทู„ุน ู…ุซู„ู‡ุง poly
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ู…ุชุนุฏุฏุŒ tetra ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ floraุŒ flora ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ fluorideุŒ
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ethyleneุŒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ ethyleneุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชูƒูˆูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุฉ
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ุชุจุนู‡ุงุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ู…ุง ุชูŠุฌูŠ ุชุทู„ุน ุงู„ุชูƒูˆูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุฉ
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ู…ุง ุญุฏุด ุจูŠุฐูƒุฑู‡ุง ู„ู…ุง ุจุชุญูƒูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุงุณู… ู…ูŠู† ุจูŠุนุฑู ุฃู†ุช ุนู†
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ุฅูŠุด ุจุชุชูƒู„ู…ูŠ ุจุณ ู„ู…ุง ุชู‚ูˆู„ plastic ูƒู„ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุจุชุนุฑูู‡
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ูุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฃู† ุงู„ุงุณู… ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู… ุฅูŠุด plastic but what
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exactly is a polymer or a plastic ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠุด ู‡ุฐุงุŸ
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Polymers are compounds made up of several elements
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that are chemically bound ู‡ูˆ ู…ุนู…ูˆู„ ู…ู† ุฃุดูŠุงุก ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
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ูˆู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุงุชุญุฏูˆุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุง ูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠุช ููŠ
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ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุง ุงู„ุญูŠูˆูŠุฉ ุจุชุดูˆููˆุง ูƒูŠู ุงู„ุงุชุญุงุฏุงุช ุจุชุญุตู„
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ูˆุงู„ุฐุฑุงุช ุงู„ุขู† most compounds consist of large number
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of tiny molecules ุงู„ุขู† ู„ู…ุง ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู†ุทู„ุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ู…ุนุธู…
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ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ุจุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุนุฏุฏ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุฌุฒูŠุฆุงุช ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ
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tiny ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุฌุฏุง ู„ู…ุง ุชู‚ูˆู„ tiny ุนู† ุญุงุฌุฉ ู…ุซู„ุง tiny toy
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ู„ุนุจุฉ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุฃุตุบุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ small small ุตุบูŠุฑ
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tiny ุตุบูŠุฑ ุฌุฏุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุจุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ ุฒูŠ ูƒุฐุง which
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it contains just a few atoms ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุจุชุญุชูˆูŠ
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ุนู„ู‰ ุฐุฑุงุช ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ุดุงูŠูุฉ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ a few ุจุงู„ุนุฏุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ tiny
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ุจุงู„ุฌู…ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ุŒ ู…ู„ูƒูŠุฉ ู…ูŠุงู‡ ู…ุงุก H2O ุชุญุชูˆูŠ
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ุนู„ู‰ ุฐุฑุชูŠู† ู‡ูŠุฏุฑูˆุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ
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ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ
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ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู†
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ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ
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ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ
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ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู†
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ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุฐุฑุฉ ุฃูƒุณุฌูŠู† ูˆ ุชู… ุทูŠุจ but the
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molecules of polymers contain a huge number of
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atoms joined together in a long chain ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู†ู‡ุง
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ู‡ุฐุง ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ water ุดูู†ุงู‡ุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฅูŠุด ุซู„ุงุซ ุฐุฑุงุช
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ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ polymers ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฐุฑุงุช ุงู„ atoms number of
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atoms is huge ูƒุจูŠุฑ ุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง
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ู‡ุงูŠ ุฌุฒุก ุดูˆููŠ ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุฐุฑุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูƒุฏู‡ ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ ู„ูˆู†
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ุจุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุดูƒูŠู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ elements
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ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ู ุงู„ุขู† ู„ู…ุง ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ rubber ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ rubber
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ุงู„ู…ุทุงุท
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ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ ุฒู…ุงู† ุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง
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ููŠ ุงู„ุณูˆุฏุงู† ููŠ ุดุฌุฑ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ู…ู†ู‡ุŸ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
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ุงู„ุตู…ุบ ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ู…ุทุงุท ู‡ูˆ
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ุดุฌุฑ ุงู„ุตู…ุบ ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ ูุงู„ุตู…ุบ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุจูŠุตู†ุน ู…ู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุฒูŠ
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ู…ุง ู‡ุชุดูˆููˆุง ุงู„ rubber thanks to its many uses from
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rubber bands to car tires is one of the best known
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polymers ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ููŠ ุงู„ุนุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุท ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุท
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู…ูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุท ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุฃูˆ ุชุจุนุช ุงู„ุดุนุฑ ุฃูˆ
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ุบูŠุฑู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅุทุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช ูู‡ูˆ ู…ุนุฑูˆู ูƒุซูŠุฑ it comes
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from latex ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู€ latex ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงูŠุด ูƒู„ู…ุฉ
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ุงู„ุตู…ุบ ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุฃูŠูˆุฉ latex ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู€ latex ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠ ุงุณู…
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ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุนู„ู…ูŠ ุฃูˆ ู„ู„ู€ plastic ุฃูˆ ู„ู„ู…ุทุงุท ุญุชู‰
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ุจุชุดูˆููˆู‡ุง ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุงู„ู€ gloves ุชุจุนุงุช ุงู„ู…ุณุชุดููŠุงุช ุงูŠุด
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ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ู…ุŸ latex ุนุดุงู† .. ุนุดุงู† .. ู„ู‡ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ .. ุฃูŠูˆุฉ
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ูุงู„ุขู† a natural liquid which comes from rubber
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trees ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู€ latexุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุตู…ุบ
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natural liquid ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุณุงุฆู„ุฉ ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ุชุฃุชูŠ ู…ู† ุดุฌุฑ
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ุงู„ู…ุทุงุท ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ latex ูุฃู†ุช ู…ุง ุนู„ูŠูƒ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ rubber ูˆ
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latex ูˆ polymer ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุชุจุนู‡ู… ููŠ
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ุงู„ู…ุถู…ูˆู† ูˆุงุญุฏ rubbers
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is therefore a natural polymer ุดุงูŠู ุงูŠุด ู‡ู†ุง ู‚ุงู„ ู„ูƒ
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ุงู„ู€ rubber ุงู„ู…ุทุงุท ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ polymer ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงูŠุด
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ู‡ุฐุงุŒ ุชุฑุฌู…ุชู‡ polymer ู„ุฏุงุฆู† ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ however most of
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the polymers used in industry are not natural but
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synthetic ู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ู…ุทุงุท ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู… ููŠ ุงู„ุตู†ุงุนุฉ ู…ุตู†ุน ู…ุด
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ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูˆุนุงุฏุฉ ู…ู† ู…ุดุชู‚ุงุช ุงู„ู€ petrol The term plastic
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is generally used to refer to synthetic polymers
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ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ุจู†ุนุชุจุฑู‡ ุงูŠู‡ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ู…ุด ุงู„ู€
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natural polymer or ุงู„ู€ latex ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
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synthetic polymers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู„ุฏู‰ ุงู„ู…ุตู†ุน and other
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words those that are man-made ุงู„ู€ man-made ูŠุนู†ูŠ
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ุงูŠุดุŸ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู€ synthetic ูˆ ุงู„ู€ man .. ุงู„ู€ man made
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ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ู‡ู… ู…ุตู†ุน ุฃูˆ ุตู†ุน ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุทูŠุจ ู‡ู„ู‚ุง ุงุญู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุจุณ
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ุฎู„ูŠู†ูŠ ู†ุฑุฌุน ู‡ู†ุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุนุดุงู† ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒู… ุงูŠุด ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ู†ุฃูƒุฏ
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ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ plastic ูˆ ุงู„ู€ molecules ูˆ ุงู„ู€ atoms ูˆ ุงู„ู€
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ุงูŠุด ูˆ ุงู„ู€ chains ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู€ chains ุงู„ุณู„ุงุณู„ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ู…ุง
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ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ู…ุงู„ูƒูŠูˆุฑุฏุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงูŠุดุŸ ู…ู† atoms
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ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู€ plastic ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† polymer ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุงูŠุด ู‚ู„ู†ุง
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ุงู„ู€ rubber ูˆ ุงู„ู€ latex ู‡ุฐุง natural
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ุงู„ุขู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ natural polymers ูˆ ุงู„ู€ synthetic polymers
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ man-made polymers ุงู„ุขู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ุซุงู†ูŠูŠู†
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ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ู… ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุญุตุฉ ุชุณุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุญู‚ู‚ ู…ู† ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ู€
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polymers ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ู€ polymers ู†ูˆุนูŠ ู†ูˆุนูŠ ู†ูˆุนูŠ ู†ูˆุนูŠ ู†ูˆุนูŠ
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ู†ูˆุนูŠ ู†ูˆุนูŠ
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ู„ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง two main category thermoplastic ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
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ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑูŠ can be melted by heat and formed
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in shape containers called molds ุงู„ุขู† ุงุญู†ุง ุงูŠุด
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ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชุณูŠุญ ุจุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงูŠุด
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ุจู†ุญุทู‡ ููŠ ุฃูˆุนูŠุฉ ู„ู†ุดูƒู„ ุชุนู…ู„ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุชุจุนู‡ ุงู„ุฃูˆุนูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
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ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆุนูŠุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุงูŠุด molds ุงู„ุฃูˆุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
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ุจู†ุญุท ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ plastic ุงู„ุณุงุฆุญ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุณุงุฆู„ ู‚ูˆุงู„ุจ
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containers ู‚ูˆุงู„ุจ ุงู„ู€ molds ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ู„ู„ุฃูˆุนูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
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after the liquid plastic has cooled it sits to
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form a solid material ุงู„ุขู† ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุชุจุฑุฏ
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ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ูŠุจุฑุฏ ุงูŠุด ุจุชุณูˆูŠู‡ุง it sits to form ุงูŠุด
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุดูƒู„ solid material ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุตู„ุจุฉ a thermoplastic
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is a type of plastic that can be heated and molded
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numerous times ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฎุงุตูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุฎูˆุงุต ุงู„ู€
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thermoplastic ุงูŠุด ู‡ูŠุŸ ู†ู‚ุฏุฑ ู†ุณูŠุญู‡ I can be heated
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and molded ู†ุณูŠุญู‡ ูˆู†ุดูƒู„ู‡ ููŠ ู‚ูˆุงู„ุจ ุนุฏุฉ ู…ุฑุงุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ
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ู‡ุฐุง ุจู†ูุน ูŠู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุชุฏูˆูŠุฑ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ูู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ู‡
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ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุชุฏูˆูŠุฑุŸ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ุงู„ู€ thermoplastic Examples of
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thermoplastic that are common in engineering
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include ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู€ ABC ุงูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ ABC
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ุฃูƒุฑูŠู„ูŠูƒ ุฃูƒุฑูŠู„ูŠูƒ ุฃูƒุฑูŠู„ูŠูƒ low low ู†ูŠุชุฑุงู„ ุจูˆุชุงุฏูŠู† ุณุชูŠุฑูŠู†
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ู‡ุฐุง ุงุณู… ุงู„ุนู„ู…ูŠ ู„ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ู€ plastic ููŠ ุงู„ุตู†ุงุนุฉ
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ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ABC ABS ABS Stiff and light ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠุด ู‚ูˆุชู‡ุŸ
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Stiff ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุตุนุจ ุฃู† ุชุชู…ูŠู„ ุฃูˆ ูŠุนู†ูŠ light ุฎููŠู ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ
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ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุตู„ุงุจุฉ ูˆุฎููŠู use in vehicle body work ู‡ุฐุง
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ุจูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ููŠ ุฃุฌุณุงู… ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ุฅุฐุง ุจุชู„ุงุญุธูˆู‡ุง ุงู„ุขู†
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ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉ ูƒุงู†ุช ุงูŠุด ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุชุจุนู‡ุง ูƒู„ู‡ ุญุฏูŠุฏ
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ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจุงุช ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซุฉ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุชุจุนู‡ุง ู…ุด ุญุฏูŠุฏ ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
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ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒูŠุฉ ABS ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุชุจุน
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ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุฅุฐุง ุจุชู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุฎููŠูุฉ ูˆู…ุด ุจุชุฃุฐูŠ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ู…ุซู„ุงู‹
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ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉ ุจุชุทู„ุน ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ tuk-tuk ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ ุชุจู‚ู‰
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ูƒูŠูุŸ ุฌุงู…ุฏ ุงู„ุดุญู† ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุฏ ุชุจู‚ู‰ .. ุจุณ ุงู„ุนูŠุจ ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุซู‚ูŠู„ุฉ
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ูู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุฉ ู…ุด ู…ูˆูุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ูู„ู…ุง ู†ุฎูู ุงู„ูˆุฒู†
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ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช ู…ูˆูุฑุฉ ุฃูˆ ุจุชุนุทูŠ ุจู†ุฒูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุฏุงุก ุฃูุถู„
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ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุชุฑ ุงู„ุจู†ุฒูŠู† ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ ุจุงู„ู€
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ุจุงู„ูŠ ูƒุฑุจูˆู†ูŠุช used to make strong transparent
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panels and vehicle lights ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠุด ู‡ูŠ ู‚ูˆูŠุฉ ุชุณุชุฎุฏู…
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ููŠ ุตู†ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุญุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ุดูุงูุฉ ุฅุฌุงุฒุฉ .. ุฅุฌุงุฒุฉ ุงู„ุตูŠ ..
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุบุทูŠ ุฅุฌุงุฒุฉ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช
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ู‡ูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุญุงุฌุงุช ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ
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ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุดูุงูุฉ ูุจุชู†ุจุน ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุดุบู„ุฉ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡
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ุจุชู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ู…ุซู„ุงู‹ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฌู†ุงู†ูŠ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุดูุงูุฉ ุตู„ุจุฉ
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ูู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชู†ุจุน ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ PVC ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูƒุซูŠุฑ
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ูˆูŠู† ุจุชุดูˆููˆู‡ุงุŸ ุชุดูˆููˆุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุณูŠุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุชุŸ ูƒู„ู‡ุง
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ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุจุงู„ูŠูุง ููŠู†ู„ูŠ ูƒู„ูˆุฑุงูŠุฏ a
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cheaper plastic used for window frames and pipes
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ุงู„ุฃุฑุฌูˆ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุญุงุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ูƒ ูˆ ุงู„ุณูƒู† ูƒู„ู‡ูŠุชู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ูŠุชู‡ุง
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ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ุง ุงูŠุด ุจูƒุชุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง PVC ูุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ ABS ุงู„ู€
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polycarbonate ูˆ ุงู„ู€ PVC ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ุฅุฐุง ุจู†ุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง
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ู‡ุฐู‡
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ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ู„ุฃุฌุณุงู… ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ู„ู„ุดูุงูุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
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ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ู„ู„ู…ูˆุงุณูŠุฑ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงูŠุด
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ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุฏู‡ ุงูŠุด ุณู…ูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ูŠ
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thermoplastic ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ thermosetting plastic
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ุฃูˆ sometimes they call it thermostat thermostat
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงูŠุด ุชุจุน ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ู…ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ูู‡ู… ุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ
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ุงุญู†ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠุช ุฏุงุฆู…ุงู‹ ุงู„ู‡ู†ุฏุณุฉ ุจุชุญุจ ุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ุงูŠุด
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ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ู…ุด ุจุชุนุฑูู‡ุงุด ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ุงู„ุขู† thermosetting
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plastic can be heated and molded like
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thermoplastic ูุฃู†ุช ุจุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุชุณุฎู†ูŠู‡ุง ุจุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุงูŠุด ุชุนู…ู„ูŠู‡ุง
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ุฃูˆ ุชุดูƒู„ูŠู‡ุง ุฒูŠ thermoplastic they may also be mixed
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from cold ingredients ู…ู…ูƒู† ู…ู† ุญุงุฌุงุช ุจุงุฑุฏุฉ ุชุฎู„ุทูŠู‡ุง
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however during cooling or mixing a chemical
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reaction occurs causing the thermosets to cure
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ุงู„ุขู† ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ุŸ ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ
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ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุฎู„ุทู‡ู… ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ chemical
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reaction ุจุชุนุฑููˆุง ู„ู…ุง ูŠุตูŠุฑ chemical reaction ุจุชู‚ูˆู„
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ุงู„ู€ process irreversible ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠุดุŸ ุจุชู‚ุฏุฑูŠุด ุชุฑุฌุนูŠู‡ุง
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ุซุงู†ูŠ ุตุญุŸ ูุงู„ู€ thermosets ุจุชุฎุชู„ู ุนู† ุงู„ู€ thermoplastic
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ูุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง during the cooling a chemical reaction
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occur causing the thermosets to cure ุงูŠุด cureุŸ ุทุจ
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ุงูŠุด cure ุจุงู„ุนุงู…ูŠุฉุŸ
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ุฃูŠูˆุฉ cure .. ู„ู…ุง ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจุฏูƒ ูŠุดูู‰ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงูŠุดุŸ a cure
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ู…ุซู„ุงู‹ you take medicine to cure of your home a
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disease ุจุชุนุงู„ุฌูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ู†ุง ุจุชุฎุชู„ู ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงูŠุด ุจู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง
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00:21:23,910 --> 00:21:28,590
ุฃู†ู‡ ุจุชุดูƒู„ ูˆุฎู„ุตู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชุตุจุญ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุชุจุนู‡ุง ุฃุฎุฐุช
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ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชู†ูุนุด ุชุทู„ุนู‡ุง this mean
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ู‡ุงูŠ cure they sit permanently ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ู…ุŸ
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ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑุด .. ุจุชุตู„ ู„ู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ .. ุงู„
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.. ุงู„ู…ุณุชุฏุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฏุงุฆู… and cannot be molded
241
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again ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชู…ุดูŠ ุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุชุดูƒูŠู„ู‡ุง ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฎู„ุงุต ู‡ูŠ ู…ุฑุฉ
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ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงู†ุนู…ู„ุช ููŠู‡ุง if a thermoset is heated after
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curing it will burn ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุนู…ู„ .. ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุนู…ู„ ..
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ุฃุณุฎู†ู‡ุง ุจุนุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุงูŠุด ุจุฏูŠ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ุง ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชู†ุญุฑู‚ ู‡ุฐุง ุฒูŠ
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ุงู„ุดู…ุน ุดูˆู ุงู„ุดู…ุน ู„ู…ุง ุชุณูˆูŠู‡ ุงูŠุด ุจุชุณูˆูŠู‡ ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏูƒ
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ุชุณูŠุญูŠู‡ ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู„ู‡ ุจู†ุญุฑู‚ุŒ ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ุทูŠุจ examples of
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thermosets used in engineering are epoxy resins
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used for strong adhesives ุงูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ strong
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adhesivesุŸ epoxy ุจุชุดูˆููˆุง ูƒู„ู…ุฉ epoxy ู…ูŠู† ููŠูƒู…
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ุจุชุทู„ุนูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุตู…ุบ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุดุชุฑูˆู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ุงูŠุด ุตู…ุบ
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ุงู„ุฃู…ูŠุฑุŸ ุฃู‡ ุฃูŠู‡ ูˆู„ุง ุฅุฒูŠูƒุŸ ุฅูŠุด ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชุณูˆูŠูู‡ุŸ ุทูŠุจ
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ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู…ุง ุชุณูˆูŠู ุจุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุชุนูŠุฏ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุŸ ู‡ุฐุง ู†ูˆุน ู…ู†
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ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„thermosets ูƒูˆูŠุณุŸ ุงู„adhesive ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฅูŠุด
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ุงู„ุตู…ุบ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ุตู…ุบ ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ..
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ..
256
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ..
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ..
258
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ..
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ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ..
260
00:23:18,310 --> 00:23:18,350
ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ..
261
00:23:18,350 --> 00:23:18,530
ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„
262
00:23:22,210 --> 00:23:29,770
ู‡ู†ุง ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ polyimides
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strong and flexible used as insulators in some
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electrical cables ุงู„ุขู† ุจุนุถ ุงู„ูƒูˆุงุจู„ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุจุชุดูˆููˆู‡ุง
265
00:23:38,310 --> 00:23:44,030
ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุทู†ุฌุฑุฉ ุชุจุนุช ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุง ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุณุฎู†ุฉ
266
00:23:44,030 --> 00:23:49,690
ู…ุญุทูˆุท ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุตุญุŸ ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ plastic ู…ุงุญู†ุง ุจุชุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†
267
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ุงู„plastic ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ู‡ุงูŠ ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ุง ุณุงุญุฉ ูˆู…ู„ุฒู‚ุฉ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุชูŠ
268
00:23:54,590 --> 00:24:00,990
ุจุฏูƒ ุชุณูŠุญูŠู‡ุง ู…ุง ููŠุด ุฅู…ูƒุงู†ูŠุฉ ู„ุง ุชุญุฑู‚ูŠู‡ุง ุตุญุŸ ูุจุชุฎุฑุจ
269
00:24:00,990 --> 00:24:08,070
ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ุชุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏูƒ ุดุงุญู† ุชุจุน
270
00:24:08,070 --> 00:24:12,710
ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุง ุชุจุน ุงู„laptop ูˆู„ุง ุฃูŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ููŠ ุฌุฒุฆูŠุฉ
271
00:24:12,710 --> 00:24:17,900
ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู…ู„ุฒู‚ุฉ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒูŠุฉ ุจุณ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒูŠุฉ
272
00:24:17,900 --> 00:24:22,160
ุจุชู‚ุฏุฑูŠุด ุชููƒูŠู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุงู„ู€
273
00:24:22,160 --> 00:24:27,300
polyimides ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ู†ูˆุน
274
00:24:27,300 --> 00:24:31,040
ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุฎุชู„ู ุนู† ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ููŠ ุฅูŠุด ุฃู†ู‡
275
00:24:31,040 --> 00:24:37,140
ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู‚ุงูˆู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ insulation ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุนุฒู„
276
00:24:37,140 --> 00:24:43,900
ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุฆูŠ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุน ุงู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุดุบู„ุงุช ุฅูŠุด
277
00:24:43,900 --> 00:24:48,350
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ุงู„ูˆ ุฌุฑุจุชูˆุง ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุชุตู„ ู„ู‡ุฐู‡
278
00:24:48,350 --> 00:24:52,170
ุงู„formula ู„ูƒูŠ ุนุฑูุชูˆุง ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฒู…ุงู† ูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ุฐู‡
279
00:24:52,170 --> 00:24:57,990
ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุฎุฑุงุจ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ู‡ุงุฆู„ุฉ ู„ุฅู† ููŠ
280
00:24:57,990 --> 00:25:02,730
ุนู†ุฏูƒ ูƒู‡ุฑุจุง ูˆ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ููƒู„ ูุชุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุช ุจูŠู‚ุตู‡ ูˆ
281
00:25:02,730 --> 00:25:08,030
ุจูŠุณูˆูŠ ู…ู† ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ูˆ
282
00:25:08,030 --> 00:25:18,880
ุฃู†ุช ูƒู…ู‡ู†ุฏุณุงุช ู…ู…ูƒู† ุจุชุดุชุบู„ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุฃู‡ ุฃู‡ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ุทูŠุจ
283
00:25:18,880 --> 00:25:25,540
ุงู„ู‚ู‡ุฏ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุฑูุชูˆุง ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู‡ู†ุงุŸ epoxy resins
284
00:25:25,540 --> 00:25:29,800
ูˆู‡ู†ุง polyimides ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฅูŠุด
285
00:25:29,800 --> 00:25:35,420
ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŸ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู„ุตู…ุบ ุงู„ุณุฑูŠุน ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ู„ุฅูŠุดุŸ
286
00:25:35,420 --> 00:25:40,940
ู„ู„ุนูˆุงุฒู„ ุงู„ูƒู‡ุฑุจุงุฆูŠุฉ ู„ุฃู† two more categories for
287
00:25:40,940 --> 00:25:47,040
polymers are engineering plastics and elastomers
288
00:25:47,620 --> 00:25:51,680
engineering plastics ู‡ุงูŠ ู†ูˆุน ูˆููŠู‡ elastomers ุงู„ู†ูˆุน
289
00:25:51,680 --> 00:25:56,260
ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ุทูŠุจ ุฅูŠุด ู‡ุงูŠ engineering plastics are mostly
290
00:25:56,260 --> 00:26:00,480
thermoplastic that are especially strong such as
291
00:26:00,480 --> 00:26:07,260
ABC, ABS and polycarbonate ูู‡ู… ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„
292
00:26:07,260 --> 00:26:11,700
engineering plastic ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู†ูˆุนู‡ thermoplastic
293
00:26:11,700 --> 00:26:19,920
ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ูˆ ุดุจูŠู‡ ุจู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจุงู„ู€ strong ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู‚ูˆูŠ ูƒุชูŠุฑ
294
00:26:19,920 --> 00:26:25,380
ูˆุดุจูŠู‡ ุจุงู„ู€ ABS ูˆ ุงู„ู€ polycarbonate ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
295
00:26:25,380 --> 00:26:31,600
ุทูŠุจ elastomers is very elastic polymers which can
296
00:26:31,600 --> 00:26:34,800
be stretched by force to at least twice their
297
00:26:34,800 --> 00:26:41,100
original length ุดูˆููˆุง ุงู„ู…ุบูŠุท ู‡ูŠ ู†ูˆุน ู…ุบุถ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ
298
00:26:41,100 --> 00:26:48,200
elastic Elast Marine ุฃูˆ ู…ุบุท ูู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
299
00:26:48,200 --> 00:26:52,220
plastic ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู…ุบุท ู„ุฃู‚ู„ ุฅุดูŠ twice its size ูŠุนู†ูŠ
300
00:26:52,220 --> 00:26:57,120
ุงู„ุญุฌู… ุชุจุนู‡ุง ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจุฑุฌุน ู„ู†ูุณ
301
00:26:57,120 --> 00:27:02,660
ุงู„ู…ุบูŠุทุฉ ู„ู…ุง ุชุณุญุจูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุชุฑุฌุน ู„ู†ูุณู‡ ูˆู„ุง ุจุชุจุทู„
302
00:27:02,660 --> 00:27:07,650
ุฅู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… it was their original link and then
303
00:27:07,650 --> 00:27:11,550
can return to its original link when the force is
304
00:27:11,550 --> 00:27:17,890
removed ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ุชุณุญุจ ุงู„ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุทุงุฉ ุชุฑุฌุนูŠ
305
00:27:17,890 --> 00:27:22,890
ุชุงู†ูŠ ุจุฑุฌุน ู„ู„ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุชุจุนู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ elastomers
306
00:27:22,890 --> 00:27:26,710
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุบูŠุทุฉ ุงู„plastic ุงู„ู…ุบุทุฉ
307
00:27:33,680 --> 00:27:39,940
ู…ุง ุฃุนุฑูุด ุฃู†ุง ู…ุง ุฌุฑุจุช ุฅู†ุด .. ุดูุชู… ุจุณ ู…ุง ุฌุฑุจุชู… .. ุจุณ
308
00:27:39,940 --> 00:27:42,780
ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุฅูŠุด ููŠ .. ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏูƒ ุชุดุฏ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจุชุญุทูŠ ..
309
00:27:42,780 --> 00:27:51,000
ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู…ูŠู‡ู… ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ู„ exercises ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุงุช ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง
310
00:27:51,000 --> 00:27:54,460
ู†ุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุจุณ ุนุดุงู† ู†ุฃูƒุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุดุบู„ุงุช ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ
311
00:27:54,460 --> 00:28:01,160
ุนู†ุฏู‡ุงุŸ thermosets ูˆ thermoplastic molds ูˆ molded
312
00:28:01,160 --> 00:28:05,510
ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ moldุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู‚ูˆุงู„ุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุดูƒู„ ..
313
00:28:05,510 --> 00:28:10,830
ุจุชุนุทูŠ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ ABS ูˆ ุงู„ polycarbonate ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุนุฑูุชู‡ู…
314
00:28:10,830 --> 00:28:15,190
ู„ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ ABS ู‡ุฏู‡ plastic used .. synthetic plastic
315
00:28:15,190 --> 00:28:20,970
used for vehicle bodies ู‡ุฏู‡ strong ูˆ light weight
316
00:28:20,970 --> 00:28:24,650
ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู„ polycarbonate ู‡ุฏู‡ transparent
317
00:28:24,650 --> 00:28:31,080
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู„ PVC ู‡ุฏู‡ ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู… ู„ู€ ุงู„ pipe ุงู„ู€
318
00:28:31,080 --> 00:28:35,100
thermosets ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ูŠู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู†ุนู…ู„ ุงู„
319
00:28:35,100 --> 00:28:42,220
plastic ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ it get molded once ูˆ ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุฎู„ุตู†ุงู‡
320
00:28:42,220 --> 00:28:47,680
ุจุฏูƒ if you want to reheat it it will burn ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญุชู‰
321
00:28:47,680 --> 00:28:53,400
ุชู†ุญุฑุฌ ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ cure ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ she sit permanently
322
00:28:53,400 --> 00:28:55,420
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชุดูƒู„ ู†ู‡ุงุฆูŠ
323
00:28:58,380 --> 00:29:03,080
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒุง
324
00:29:03,080 --> 00:29:08,640
ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง adhesive ุงู„ polyimides ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง
325
00:29:08,640 --> 00:29:15,560
flexible ูˆุจู†ุนู…ู„ ู„ู„ insulators ุงู„ุขู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ elastomers
326
00:29:15,560 --> 00:29:19,560
ูˆุงู„ engineering plastic ุงู„ engineering plastics
327
00:29:19,560 --> 00:29:26,280
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู†ูุณ ุฎูˆุงุต ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ thermoplastic
328
00:29:26,280 --> 00:29:32,380
ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ elastomers ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู†ูˆุน
329
00:29:32,380 --> 00:29:38,600
ู…ู†ู‡ุง it's elastic polymer ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุขู† ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู†ุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰
330
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ู‡ุงูŠ ุจู†ู‡ุงู†ุฉ circle the correct word to complete the
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text a lot of rubber is made from latex ุงู„ุขู† ุฅูŠุด
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ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ latexุŸ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุฅูŠุดุŸ man-made ูˆู„ุง naturalุŸ
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ุฃูŠูˆุฉ natural polymers which comes from rubber
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trees however not all rubbers come from trees,
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synthetic rubber is man-made ูƒู„ู…ุฉ synthetic ู…ุตู†ุนุฉ
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ูู‡ูˆ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุฌูŠ ุชุญุช ุฎุงู†ุฉ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุงู„ man-made ุทูŠุจ polymers
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with similar property to latex plastic also are
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also polymers like rubber they consist of long
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chains of ุฅูŠุดุŸ atoms long chain of atoms ุจุชูƒูˆู† ..
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which form extremely large molecules ุทูŠุจ
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read the extract describing a plastic panel
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manufacturing process ุจุณ
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ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู‚ุฑุงุกุฉ ุฅูŠุด ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ูู‡ู…ุŸ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ูู‡ู… ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ
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ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู‡ู†ุง by this stage of the process ุนู†ุฏ ู‡ุฐุง
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ุงู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุชุตู†ูŠุน the plastic is solid ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡
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ุงู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ุตู„ุจ ูˆ ุจุงุฑุฏ
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00:31:13,780 --> 00:31:18,440
ูƒุงู…ู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒ ุฏู‡ ุงู„ุณูŠุญ ู„ูˆ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑุด ุตู„ุจ
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ุฅู„ุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุงุฑุฏ selected panels can now undergo
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00:31:24,640 --> 00:31:30,040
quality control testing ุงู„ุขู† ุนุงุฏุฉ ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง
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ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุตู†ูŠุน quality control ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ quality
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controlุŸ
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ู„ุฃ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุถุจุท ุงู„ุฌูˆุฏุฉุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุถุจุท ุงู„ุฌูˆุฏุฉุŸ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง
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00:31:43,620 --> 00:31:49,720
ุนูŠู†ุงุช ูˆ ุจูŠูุญุตูˆู‡ู…ุŒ ูƒูˆูŠุณุŸ ุงู„ุขู† ุฅู†ุช ู„ู…ุง ุฃู…ูƒ ุชุณูˆูŠ ูƒูŠูƒุฉ
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ูˆู„ุง ุชุณูˆูŠ ุฃูƒู„ุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ุŸ ุจุชูˆุฒุน ุนู„ู‰ ุฏูˆูŠู‚ุฉ ูˆ
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00:31:55,460 --> 00:32:00,420
ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ู‡ู… ุฎุฏูˆุง ุฏูˆูƒู…ุŒ ู…ุตุจูˆุทุŸ ู„ูŠุดุŸ ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ู‡ู… ุฅูŠุด ุฑุฃูŠูƒู…
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00:32:00,420 --> 00:32:08,630
ููŠู‡ุงุŸ ูƒูˆูŠุณุฉ ุฎู„ุงุตุŒ ู…ุด ูƒูˆูŠุณุฉ ู†ุฑู…ูŠู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูุฏุฑ ูƒูˆูŠุณ
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ูููŠ ุงู„ุชุตู†ูŠุน ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ quality control testing ูู‡ุฏ
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ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ุนูŠู†ุงุช ูˆ ุจูŠูุญุตูˆู‡ุง ุญุฏ ููŠูƒูˆุง ุดุงู ุตุจุช ุจุทูˆู†ุŸ
359
00:32:18,610 --> 00:32:26,850
ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุณูˆูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุช ู„ูŠูุญุตูˆุง ุงู„ุจุทูˆู†ุŸ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ู…ูƒุนุจุงุชุŒ
360
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ุงู„ู…ูƒุนุจุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูŠูˆุฏูˆู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ุฒูŠ ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ูˆ
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ุจูŠูุญุตู‡ู… ู„ู„ู†ูˆุนูŠุฉ ุงู„plastic ุนู„ู‰ ููƒุฑุฉ ุนุดุงู† ุฃู†ุช
362
00:32:34,910 --> 00:32:37,830
ุจุชุนุฑููˆุง ุงู„ุจุทูˆู† ุจุณ ุจุชุนุฑููˆุด ููŠ ุงู„plastic ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง
363
00:32:37,830 --> 00:32:41,610
ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ุจูŠูุญุต ุนูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„plastic ู„ุฅู† ููŠ
364
00:32:41,610 --> 00:32:45,860
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุบุฒุฉ ู…ุตุงู†ุน ุจุชุตู†ุน plastic ุจุชุตู†ุน ุฅูŠุดุŸ
365
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ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุณูŠุฑุŒ ุจุชุตู†ุน ุงู„ูƒูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุดูˆููˆู‡ู… ุงู„ุจูŠุถ ูˆุงู„ุตู…ุฑ
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ูˆ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ู .. ูˆ ุจุชุตู†ุน ุญุงุฌุงุช ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ุฐุง
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00:32:54,260 --> 00:32:57,480
ุงู„ู…ุตุงู†ุน ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุฌ ุชุจุนู‡ุง ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ุนุดุงู† ุฏู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุดุชุฑูŠ
368
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ุนูŠู†ุงุช ู…ุซู„ุง ู„ู…ุดุฑูˆุน ู‡ุฐู‡ุŒ ุจุงุฎุฏ ุนูŠู†ุฉ ูˆ ุจูˆุฏูŠู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰
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ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ุจูุญุตูˆุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ
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00:33:04,660 --> 00:33:09,080
ุจู„ุงุณุชูŠูƒูŠุฉ ูˆ ุจูŠุนุทูˆุง ุฑุฃูŠ ู‡ู„ ู‡ูŠ ุทุจู‚ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุตูุงุช ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃ
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ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ุงู„ quality control ุนุงุฏุฉ ูƒู„ ู…ุตู†ุน ุจุฑุง
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ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุดุบู„ู‡ automatically ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ุนุดุงู†
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ุจูŠุจูŠุน ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุตู†ุน ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠุตู†ุน ูˆ ุจูŠูุญุต ุนู†ุฏู‡ ูˆ ุจูŠุดูˆู ุฅุฐุง
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ู‡ูˆ ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุตูุงุช ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุญุจูŠู‡ุง ู…ุด ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุตูุงุช
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ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุญุงุด ุจุฑุฌุนู‡ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุจูŠุนูŠุฏ ุชุฏูˆูŠุฑู‡ุง ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ
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ุจู†ู‚ุตุฏ ููŠู‡ quality control testing to check **if** they
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are strong enough to cope with tough conditions
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strong enough ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฌูˆูŠ ูƒุงููŠ to cope ุฅูŠุด cope
379
00:33:47,870 --> 00:33:59,500
ู„ุง cube ู…ูƒุนุจ cope ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุชุฃู‚ู„ู… with tough
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conditions ุงูŠุด tough conditionsุŸ ุงู„ุธุฑูˆู ุงู„ุตุนุจุฉ
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ุงู„ุขู† ุฃู†ุช ู„ู…ุง ุชุฑูˆุญูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุจู„ุฏ ูˆ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ can you cope with
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this situation ุฃูˆ ุชู…ุฑ ุนู„ูŠูƒูŠ ุธุฑูˆู ุตุนุจุฉ ู…ุซู„ุง ู„ุง ุณู…ุญ
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00:34:12,300 --> 00:34:16,460
ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุญุงู„ุฉ ูˆูุงุฉ ุญุงู„ุฉ ู…ุฑุถ can they cope with this ..
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00:34:16,460 --> 00:34:20,640
ุงู„ุขู† ู„ูˆ ุญุฏ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุนุทูŠู‡ ู…ู†ุญ ุฏุฑุงุณูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุบู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ
385
00:34:20,640 --> 00:34:24,750
ุจูุญุตูˆู‡ุง ูˆุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุจุชู†ุณุฃู„ ุจูŠุฌูŠู‡ุง can ุงู„ candidate
386
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cope with different environment ุจูŠุฆุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
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culture different culture ุทู‚ุงูุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุฅุฐุง ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑุด
388
00:34:32,910 --> 00:34:37,790
ุจูŠุทู„ุนูˆุด ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููƒู„ู…ุฉ cope
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00:34:37,790 --> 00:34:46,070
ูŠุชุฃู‚ู„ู… ูƒูˆูŠุณ they will be exposed that they will be
390
00:34:46,070 --> 00:34:51,210
exposed in news ุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุธุฑูˆู ุงู„ุตุนุจุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠุจุชุนุฑุถูˆุง
391
00:34:51,210 --> 00:34:56,490
ุฅู„ูŠู‡ุง ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… exposed ูŠุชุนุฑุถ ุฅู„ู‰ in use ููŠ
392
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ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… tests include tensile testing ุงูŠุด
393
00:35:01,390 --> 00:35:05,770
tensile testing ู‡ุงูŠู‡ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ where narrow length
394
00:35:05,770 --> 00:35:11,050
of panels are subjected to high tension loads to
395
00:35:11,050 --> 00:35:16,370
check if they do not stretch or fracture ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„
396
00:35:16,370 --> 00:35:21,170
tension ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุถุบุท ูู‡ูŠ ุจูŠุญุทูˆุง ุถุบุท ุนุงู„ูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง
397
00:35:21,170 --> 00:35:30,150
ูˆุดูˆููˆุง ู‡ู„ ู‡ูŠ stretch ุจุชู…ุบุท ุฃูˆ fracture ุงูŠุด ุจุชู†ูƒุณุฑ
398
00:35:30,150 --> 00:35:37,510
ุงู„ fracture .. ุงู„ fracture ู‡ุฐุง ุงู†ูƒุณุงุฑ stretch ุชู…ุบุท
399
00:35:37,510 --> 00:35:42,910
ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ููŠู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฅุฐุง ุฃู†ุช ุจุชุญุท ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุชู…ุบุท ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠ
400
00:35:42,910 --> 00:35:44,570
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฅุดูƒุงู„ุฉ
401
00:35:56,020 --> 00:35:59,660
more tests are carried out to check the panels
402
00:35:59,660 --> 00:36:05,760
resistance to impact and scratching ุงู„ุขู† ููŠ ูุญูˆุตุงุช
403
00:36:05,760 --> 00:36:08,380
ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช ุฎู„ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ูƒูˆุง ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ููŠู‡
404
00:36:08,380 --> 00:36:14,980
ู‡ู†ุง ุณูŠุงุฑุฉ ู„ู…ุง ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู†ูุญุตูˆู‡ุง ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจูุญุตูˆู‡ุง ู„ู…ุง ุชุตุฏู… ููŠ
405
00:36:14,980 --> 00:36:18,880
ุญูŠุทุฉ ุฃูˆ ุชุตุฏู… ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉุŒ ุงูŠุด ุจูŠุญุตู„ ููŠู‡ุงุŸ ุงู„ impact
406
00:36:18,880 --> 00:36:22,820
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ driverุŒ ู‚ุฏุงุด ุจูŠุฌูŠุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุณูˆุงู‚ุŒ ู‡ู„
407
00:36:22,820 --> 00:36:26,540
ุงู„ุณูˆุงู‚ ุจุชุนุฑุถ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจ .. ุจุณุฑุนุงุช ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
408
00:36:26,540 --> 00:36:29,460
ุงู„ุณุฑุนุงุช ุงู„ุชู‚ู„ูŠุฏูŠุฉุŒ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจุถุฑุจู‡ุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠุŒ ุจุดูˆููˆุง
409
00:36:29,460 --> 00:36:34,060
ู‚ุฏุงุด ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุงู„ู…ู‚ุฏู…ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุณู‚ู ู‚ุฏุงุด ู…ุซู„ุง ู„ูˆ ุจุฏูŠ ..
410
00:36:34,440 --> 00:36:39,520
ุงู„ู…ู‚ุฏู…ุฉ ู‡ูŠ ูƒุฏู‡ ุจุชุชุทุนุดุŒ ุจุชุตู„ ู„ู‡ุง ..ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู„ ู‡ูŠ
411
00:36:39,520 --> 00:36:45,020
ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุงุนุฏ ูˆ ุจุชุชุทุจู‚ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃุŸ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ
412
00:36:45,020 --> 00:36:50,160
ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญุทูˆู‡ู… ู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุญู…ุงูŠุฉุŒ for safety reason
413
00:36:51,050 --> 00:36:55,530
ูุงู†ุชู‡ูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุบู„ุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ impact crash
414
00:36:55,530 --> 00:37:01,190
ู„ู…ุง ุงู†ุชู‡ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ high impact crash ู„ุฃู† ุถุฑุจุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
415
00:37:01,190 --> 00:37:04,970
ุงู„ุตุฏู…ุฉ ุงู„ impact ุชุตุงุฏู…ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ุญุตู„ ููŠู‡ุง ูุฃูˆู„ ู…ุง
416
00:37:04,970 --> 00:37:08,510
ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจุถุฑุจู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงูŠุด ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุงู„ impact
417
00:37:08,510 --> 00:37:12,570
resistance to impact ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุถุฑุจุฉ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ูˆ
418
00:37:12,570 --> 00:37:17,230
scratching ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ุฎุฏุด
419
00:37:19,070 --> 00:37:24,590
ุงู„ุฎุฏุด ุฃู†ุช ุงู„ุญูŠู† ุจุชุดูˆู ุญุงุฌุงุช ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุงู‡ ุงู‡ ุงู‡ ู‡ุฐูŠ ุถุจุท
420
00:37:24,590 --> 00:37:28,950
ุงู„ุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ุณูŠุงุฑุงุช ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ูˆู„ุงุช ุชุฌุฑูŠุจ ู‡ุฐูŠ ุจูŠุฌุฑุจูˆุง
421
00:37:28,950 --> 00:37:32,650
ููŠู‡ุง ูˆุงู†ุช ุจุชุดูˆููŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู„ูˆ ุจุฏูƒ ุชุชูุฑุฌ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง
422
00:37:32,650 --> 00:37:36,710
ุจุชุดูˆููŠู‡ุง ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุชุดุชุฑูŠ ุฃูŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
423
00:37:36,710 --> 00:37:40,070
ุจุชุทู„ุนูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ safety ุจุชุทู„ุนูˆุง ู‡ุฐูŠ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐูŠ ุงูŠุด
424
00:37:40,070 --> 00:37:43,250
ุจุชูุฑุฌ ุนู† ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ู‚ุฏุงุด ุณุฌู„ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆู‚ุฏุงุด ุณุฌู„ุช ู‡ุฐู‡
425
00:37:44,970 --> 00:37:48,050
ูุชุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุงุญู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ุฃูŠ
426
00:37:48,050 --> 00:37:53,630
ุญุงุฌุฉ ุญุชู‰ ุงู„ุฎุทุฑุฉ ุจู†ุดุชุฑูŠู‡ุง ุจุณ ููŠ ุงู„ุจู„ุฏุงู† ุงู„ู…ุชู‚ุฏู…ุฉ ูƒู„
427
00:37:53,630 --> 00:37:57,350
ุดูŠุก ุจุชุชุทู„ุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุฃู†ุช ุฏุงูุน ูู„ูˆุณูƒ ุฏุงูุน ุจุฏูƒ ุฃูุถู„ ุดูŠุก
428
00:37:57,350 --> 00:38:03,730
ู„ู„ูู„ูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฏูุนูŠู‡ุง ุทูŠุจ and product that fail the
429
00:38:03,730 --> 00:38:06,210
test are returned to the beginning of the
430
00:38:06,210 --> 00:38:10,510
production process ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุฌุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูุดู„ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡
431
00:38:10,510 --> 00:38:16,940
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูุญุต ุจูŠุฑุฌุนูˆู‡ุง ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ melted down
432
00:38:16,940 --> 00:38:20,780
and their material is reused ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู‡ุง ุงูŠุดุŸ
433
00:38:20,780 --> 00:38:26,320
recycling ุจูŠุณูŠุญูˆู‡ุง ูˆุจูŠุนูŠุฏูˆุง ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุง ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ุŸ
434
00:38:26,320 --> 00:38:32,020
ุงูŠุด ุจู†ุนู†ูŠ ููŠู‡ุงุŸ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุตุทู„ุญ ู‡ู†ุฏุณูŠ ูƒุงู…ู„ ุงู„ุขู† ู†ุฌูŠ ู†ุทู„ุน
435
00:38:32,020 --> 00:38:36,360
ุงูŠุด ุงู„ุตุญ ูˆุงูŠุด ุงู„ุบู„ุท ู‡ู†ุง decide whether the
436
00:38:36,360 --> 00:38:39,320
sentences below are true or false and correct the
437
00:38:39,320 --> 00:38:43,820
false sentences the plastic was heated earlier in
438
00:38:43,820 --> 00:38:47,040
the process ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ plastic ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุงูŠุด
439
00:38:47,040 --> 00:38:52,960
ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุขู† solid ุงูŠูˆุฉ ูˆ cooled ูู‡ูˆ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุงุชุณูŠุญ
440
00:38:52,960 --> 00:38:59,280
ู‚ุจู„ the plastic has now set ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุขู† ุฃุฎุฏ ุงู„ุดูƒู„
441
00:38:59,280 --> 00:39:05,540
ุงู„ุฎุงู„ู‚ ู true the plastic is now liquid false ุงูŠุด
442
00:39:05,540 --> 00:39:11,480
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุขู† solid to pass one test the plastic must be
443
00:39:11,480 --> 00:39:15,840
an elastomer
444
00:39:15,840 --> 00:39:24,860
ู„ุฃ false ุตุญ ุงูŠุด elastomerุŸ ุชู…ุฏุฏ ุงุญู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ูƒู†ุง ู†ุจุญุซ
445
00:39:24,860 --> 00:39:31,020
ุนู†ู‡ุง ุนุดุงู† ู…ุง ูŠุชู…ุฏุฏุด ู…ุธุจูˆุท ู‡ู†ุง ุงูŠุด ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ุง does
446
00:39:31,020 --> 00:39:36,030
not stretch ู…ุธุจูˆุท does not break and does not
447
00:39:36,030 --> 00:39:43,190
stretch ูู‡ูˆ ุบูŠุฑ ู‚ุงุจู„ ุทูŠุจ the description suggest
448
00:39:43,190 --> 00:39:47,530
the plastic is a type of engineering plastic true
449
00:39:47,530 --> 00:39:53,750
ู‡ูˆ thermoplastic ู„ุฃู† ุงูŠุด ุตุงุฑ ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูุดู„ ุงูŠุด ุนู…ู„ู†ุง
450
00:39:53,750 --> 00:40:00,430
ููŠู‡ ุนุงุฏ ุงู„ุชุฏูˆูŠุฑ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง go to reheated and reused
451
00:40:01,920 --> 00:40:08,200
ุทูŠุจ the material is thermosetting plastic ู„ุณู‡
452
00:40:08,200 --> 00:40:13,680
ุงู„ุญูŠู† ุฌุงูˆุจู†ุง ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆ false ู‡ูˆ thermoplastic
453
00:40:13,680 --> 00:40:22,240
the material is thermoplastic ุงูŠูˆุฉ ุฌุงุจูˆู„ูƒูˆุง ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก
454
00:40:22,240 --> 00:40:24,800
ู…ุงู„ ุฃุฌูˆุจุฉ ู…ุงู„ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุด
455
00:40:41,740 --> 00:40:45,820
ุทูŠุจ complete the word ุงู„ุญูŠู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงุญู†ุง puzzle ุทู„ุน
456
00:40:45,820 --> 00:40:50,020
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ puzzle ู‡ุงูŠูˆ ุฌุงูŠูŠู†ู†ุง ู„ุงุญู‚ุง ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุŸ ุจุฏู†ุง
457
00:40:50,020 --> 00:40:53,740
ู†ุนุจูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุณ ุงู„ุงุตู„ ููŠ ุงู„ puzzle ุนุดุงู† ู†ุณูˆูŠ ูˆุงู†ุชูˆุง
458
00:40:53,740 --> 00:40:58,970
ูƒู„ ุญุฏ ููŠูƒูˆุง ุงุดุชุบู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู‚ุจู„ุŸ ุงู„ู…ุชู‚ุงุทุนุงุช ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰
459
00:40:58,970 --> 00:41:03,630
ุญุงุฌุฉ ุชุจุฏุฃ ููŠู‡ุง ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ุงุตู„ ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ู…ุนุจูŠุฉ ูˆุงู†ุช ุจุชุนุจูŠ
460
00:41:03,630 --> 00:41:07,450
ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠ ุนู‚ุจู„ู‡ ุจุณ ุงุญู†ุง ูƒู…ู‡ู†ุฏุณูŠู† ู„ุณุงุชู†ุง beginners
461
00:41:07,450 --> 00:41:11,730
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ุดุงุทุฑูŠู† ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุดุบู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุนุจูŠู‡ุง a shorter
462
00:41:11,730 --> 00:41:20,330
name for polyvinyl chloride ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆุŸ PVC PVC
463
00:41:20,330 --> 00:41:22,230
PVC PVC PVC PVC PVC PVC PVC PVC PVC PVC PVC PVC
464
00:41:22,230 --> 00:41:25,980
PVC PVC PVC PVC PVC PVC PVC ุจูŠู„ูˆ ู‚ุฏู†ุง ุดุงุดุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ
465
00:41:25,980 --> 00:41:31,420
ุญุทูŠู†ุง ุงุฒุงูŠ ุทูŠุจ used for forming melted plastic ุงู„
466
00:41:31,420 --> 00:41:36,700
mold ุฅุฐุง ุจุชู„ุงุญุธูˆุง ุงุญู†ุง ุงูŠุด ุจู†ุนู…ู„ ุจู†ุดูƒู„ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ุงุดูŠุงุก ู‡ูŠ
467
00:41:36,700 --> 00:41:40,680
ู…ุฑุงุฌุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ mold ุจู†ุดูƒู„ ููŠู‡
468
00:41:40,680 --> 00:41:45,000
ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ู„ู„ plastic a group of atoms
469
00:41:45,000 --> 00:41:52,580
molecules a long chain of atoms polymer ุงูŠุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ
470
00:41:52,580 --> 00:41:58,560
polymer ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุงูŠุด ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† a chain ุฃูˆ a huge chain
471
00:41:58,560 --> 00:42:03,760
of atoms ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ group of atoms ุณู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ molecules
472
00:42:03,760 --> 00:42:08,380
to sit permanently ุงูŠุด ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒูŠูˆุฑ ู…ุด
473
00:42:08,380 --> 00:42:13,420
ุญุงูƒูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ูƒูŠูˆุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฎู„ุงุต a very elastic
474
00:42:13,420 --> 00:42:19,780
polymer elastomer a plastic that sits permanently
475
00:42:22,270 --> 00:42:27,410
thermosets ู…ุธุจูˆุท thermoset ุฃูˆ thermostat a natural
476
00:42:27,410 --> 00:42:31,730
polymer ุงูŠุด ู‡ูˆุŸ rubber ุจุณ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุฏูˆุฑ
477
00:42:31,730 --> 00:42:40,870
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุชุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุฌู… ุงูŠุดุŸ rubber ูˆู„ุง latex rubber
478
00:42:40,870 --> 00:42:47,730
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุทุจ not natural ููŠ
479
00:42:47,730 --> 00:42:50,990
ุงู„ synthetic ุจุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุฏูˆุฑ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงูŠุดุŸ man-made
480
00:42:53,620 --> 00:42:58,900
particles that form molecules .. atoms another
481
00:42:58,900 --> 00:43:07,140
word for not natural .. synthetic ุทูŠุจ material
482
00:43:07,140 --> 00:43:14,580
used to make rubber .. latex ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ูŠูƒ .. ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ
483
00:43:14,580 --> 00:43:15,080
ุนู†ุฏูƒู…
484
00:43:17,650 --> 00:43:21,510
ู…ุง ุฃูŠูˆุฉุŸ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏูƒู… ูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ุตุทู„ุญุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูƒู…
485
00:43:21,510 --> 00:43:29,610
ุชุนุฑููˆู‡ุง ุนู† ุงู„ plastic ูƒูˆูŠุณูŠู† ู‡ูŠูƒุŸ ู‚ู„ุชูˆุง ุฃูŠ ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉุŸ
486
00:43:29,610 --> 00:43:30,970
ุทูŠุจ ุจู†ุดูˆู ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ