PL9fwy3NUQKwa0Sd0s-XLQCrtFM4_s2KMt/3NRgXv0N4zk_raw.srt

1
00:00:13,160 --> 00:00:14,560
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim

2
00:00:16,740 --> 00:00:19,340
Today we are going to continue with infinitive and

3
00:00:19,340 --> 00:00:22,360
gerund in English plus covert and overt derived

4
00:00:22,360 --> 00:00:26,860
nominal in Arabic. Regarding the gerund and

5
00:00:26,860 --> 00:00:31,340
infinitive in English, we see that the gerund can

6
00:00:31,340 --> 00:00:35,620
stand as a subject in the sentence. So you have

7
00:00:35,620 --> 00:00:39,640
these two sentences, eating too much food is not

8
00:00:39,640 --> 00:00:43,580
good for your health. Playing basketball is very

9
00:00:43,580 --> 00:00:50,910
fun. Eating playing they stand as subjects If you

10
00:00:50,910 --> 00:00:54,350
we use also infinitive after noun in this after

11
00:00:54,350 --> 00:00:56,550
the noun in the sentence It's not good for your

12
00:00:56,550 --> 00:01:02,610
health to eat too much fast food So we have the

13
00:01:02,610 --> 00:01:06,930
infinitive directly follows the noun in the

14
00:01:06,930 --> 00:01:10,450
sentence As it appears in this sentence, it's not

15
00:01:10,450 --> 00:01:13,670
good for your health to eat too much fast food.

16
00:01:14,350 --> 00:01:18,310
It's very fun to play basketball. So we have fun,

17
00:01:18,430 --> 00:01:21,790
we have health. They are followed by infinitive as

18
00:01:21,790 --> 00:01:25,730
you see. We use gerund directly after the

19
00:01:25,730 --> 00:01:29,730
preposition. I'm tired of doing the same thing

20
00:01:29,730 --> 00:01:33,470
over and over again every day. They are excited

21
00:01:33,470 --> 00:01:37,490
about attending the meeting tomorrow. So we have

22
00:01:39,040 --> 00:01:45,700
of doing about attending. I'm looking forward to

23
00:01:45,700 --> 00:01:50,840
hearing from you soon. She's used to driving at

24
00:01:50,840 --> 00:01:57,120
night. Is mr used to plus the verb plus ing and

25
00:01:57,120 --> 00:02:02,140
this means Gilland. it means يعتاد على present

26
00:02:02,140 --> 00:02:08,020
custom however having used plus infinitive this

27
00:02:08,020 --> 00:02:13,300
refers to habit in the past يعتاد على so if you

28
00:02:13,300 --> 00:02:16,440
have the verb to be plus used to it is directly

29
00:02:16,440 --> 00:02:22,480
followed by gerund we

30
00:02:22,480 --> 00:02:26,380
have infinitive which is directly used after the

31
00:02:26,380 --> 00:02:30,280
adjective I was surprised to see her at the party

32
00:02:30,280 --> 00:02:33,740
yesterday. They were anxious to meet with

33
00:02:33,740 --> 00:02:38,480
President this weekend. I'm glad to meet you. So

34
00:02:38,480 --> 00:02:43,620
we have surprised, anxious, glad. They are

35
00:02:43,620 --> 00:02:47,980
directly followed by infinitives. We also have the

36
00:02:47,980 --> 00:02:51,740
infinitive used after certain nouns. I still have

37
00:02:51,740 --> 00:02:55,160
a little time to talk with you tonight. They have

38
00:02:55,160 --> 00:03:00,310
a lot of books to read. for the reading class. He

39
00:03:00,310 --> 00:03:03,150
doesn't have permission to use the lab computers.

40
00:03:03,890 --> 00:03:07,170
So we have time, books, permissions that are

41
00:03:07,170 --> 00:03:09,710
followed by infinitive, as you see.

42
00:03:12,810 --> 00:03:17,110
The infinitive expresses purpose. Okay, so if

43
00:03:17,110 --> 00:03:19,950
there'd be a purpose in the sentence, close of

44
00:03:19,950 --> 00:03:25,030
purpose, then we use the infinitive. I came here

45
00:03:25,030 --> 00:03:29,130
in order to study or to study English.

46
00:03:35,110 --> 00:03:39,190
We use the particle, the negative particle not

47
00:03:39,190 --> 00:03:43,510
before the gerund or even before the infinitive to

48
00:03:43,510 --> 00:03:47,550
come out with negative sentence. Not doing your

49
00:03:47,550 --> 00:03:51,230
homework is a big mistake. She was angry about not

50
00:03:51,230 --> 00:03:54,750
being invited to the reception. I decided not to

51
00:03:54,750 --> 00:03:59,380
go there tomorrow. Try not to be late. So as you

52
00:03:59,380 --> 00:04:02,180
see, the particle, the negative particle not

53
00:04:02,180 --> 00:04:05,360
precedes the gerund and also the infinitive.

54
00:04:09,020 --> 00:04:14,160
We spoke about hypothetical verbs, verbs to happen

55
00:04:14,160 --> 00:04:19,620
in future. This is followed by the infinitive as

56
00:04:19,620 --> 00:04:24,210
you know. This is forward oriented verbs. He told

57
00:04:24,210 --> 00:04:28,490
us to stay home. I want you to be the best student

58
00:04:28,490 --> 00:04:31,970
in the class. She advised me not to take such a

59
00:04:31,970 --> 00:04:35,050
risk. So all the actions in these sentences refer

60
00:04:35,050 --> 00:04:42,080
to future actions. The verbs are forward, oriented

61
00:04:42,080 --> 00:04:45,580
verbs. This is the fourth category of the four

62
00:04:45,580 --> 00:04:49,420
categories of the verbs which accept gerund and

63
00:04:49,420 --> 00:04:52,680
infinitive. We spoke about the emotive verbs, the

64
00:04:52,680 --> 00:04:56,400
aspectual verbs, the reactive verbs, and the

65
00:04:56,400 --> 00:04:57,940
forward oriented verbs.

66
00:05:01,200 --> 00:05:06,340
Also use the gerund after the possessive pronouns.

67
00:05:06,720 --> 00:05:10,580
I appreciate your inviting me to the party. We are

68
00:05:10,580 --> 00:05:14,280
proud of Mary's winning the first place in the

69
00:05:14,280 --> 00:05:14,580
race.

70
00:05:18,220 --> 00:05:18,760
Okay.

71
00:05:22,440 --> 00:05:27,860
So this is the complete explanation of the use of

72
00:05:27,860 --> 00:05:32,280
infinitive and gerund in English. In Arabic, we

73
00:05:32,280 --> 00:05:37,900
spoke about the modified derived nominal and overt

74
00:05:37,900 --> 00:05:43,940
derived nominal. وحب أن أشرب الشاي وحب شرب الشاي

75
00:05:43,940 --> 00:05:48,840
This is covert derived nominal. وحب شرب الشاي This

76
00:05:48,840 --> 00:05:52,980
is overt derived nominal. We've seen that we have

77
00:05:52,980 --> 00:05:57,440
big difference between these constructions in

78
00:05:57,440 --> 00:06:01,410
English and Arabic. So the reactive verbs of

79
00:06:01,410 --> 00:06:05,970
Arabic, the emotive verbs of Arabic are the same

80
00:06:05,970 --> 00:06:09,890
like English. They accept both overt and covert

81
00:06:09,890 --> 00:06:12,810
derived nominal. However, the aspectual verbs,

82
00:06:15,850 --> 00:06:20,870
this is in English, in English. What about Arabic?

83
00:06:29,020 --> 00:06:32,520
They accept only modified derived nominal or

84
00:06:32,520 --> 00:06:35,360
covert derived nominal. What about reactive verbs

85
00:06:35,360 --> 00:06:39,640
in English? They accept only gerund. However, in

86
00:06:39,640 --> 00:06:43,540
Arabic, both. The forward oriented verbs.

87
00:06:48,080 --> 00:06:51,000
In English, they accept only infinitive. However,

88
00:06:51,160 --> 00:06:55,120
in Arabic, they accept both. So you have to take

89
00:06:55,120 --> 00:06:59,150
care once you translate. Once you translate, it is

90
00:06:59,150 --> 00:07:02,590
not necessarily to translate literally every

91
00:07:02,590 --> 00:07:05,710
single word. You have to consider the structure of

92
00:07:05,710 --> 00:07:09,890
infinitive and to see the difference, this means

93
00:07:09,890 --> 00:07:13,090
that you have to consider the meaning or the

94
00:07:13,090 --> 00:07:16,610
meaning of the verb itself and its syntactic

95
00:07:16,610 --> 00:07:21,030
capacity, whether it accepts infinitive or gerund.

96
00:07:22,670 --> 00:07:27,340
Return to the verbs, in Arabic whether the

97
00:07:27,340 --> 00:07:31,380
translated verb accepts overt derived nominal or

98
00:07:31,380 --> 00:07:36,220
covert derived nominal okay I need to terminate

99
00:07:36,220 --> 00:07:39,900
here in order to give you a quiz just now about or

100
00:07:39,900 --> 00:07:44,260
on the use of infinitive and gerund in English

101
00:07:44,260 --> 00:07:47,900
okay that's it thank you