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1 |
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00:00:03,240 --> 00:00:05,860 |
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ุจุณู
ุงููู ุงูุฑุญู
ู ุงูุฑุญูู
ุงูุตูุงุฉ ูุงูุณูุงู
ุนูู ุณูุฏูุง |
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2 |
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00:00:05,860 --> 00:00:09,960 |
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ู
ุญู
ุฏ ุณูุฏ ุงูู
ุฑุณููู ูุนูู ุฃููู ูุตุญุจู ุฃุฌู
ุนูู ู
ุญุงุถุฑุชูุง |
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3 |
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00:00:09,960 --> 00:00:16,680 |
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ุงูููู
ุงูุฎุงู
ุณุฉ ูู ู
ุณุงู ุงูู biomechanics two ูุชููู |
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4 |
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00:00:16,680 --> 00:00:21,340 |
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ู
ูุถูุนูุง ุนู ุงูู biomechanics of articular cartilage |
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5 |
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00:00:21,340 --> 00:00:28,820 |
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ูุฅุญูุง ุฒู ู
ุง ุฅุญูุง ุดุงูููู ุจุงูุฑุณู
ุงูุชูุถูุญู ุฃู
ุงู
ูุง ุงูู |
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6 |
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00:00:28,820 --> 00:00:33,940 |
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cartilage ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู ุณุทุญ ุฃู
ูุณ ู
ูุฌูุฏ ุจูู ุงูู two |
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7 |
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00:00:33,940 --> 00:00:38,640 |
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adjacent bone ุงููู ุจูุดููู ุงูู joint ูุจุชุนู
ู ุนู
ููุฉ |
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8 |
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00:00:38,640 --> 00:00:44,800 |
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ุชูููู ุงูุงุญุชูุงู ู
ุง ุจูู ุงูู
ูุตู ููู ุงูู articular |
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9 |
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00:00:44,800 --> 00:00:48,720 |
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cartilage ูู
ุงู ู
ุง ููุด ููู sensation ุนุดุงู ููู ุงุญูุง |
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10 |
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00:00:48,720 --> 00:00:52,120 |
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ู
ุงุจูุญุณุด ูู ุงูุฃูู
ุฅูุง ุฅุฐุง ุตุงุฑ ููู ุชุฃูู ูู ูุฐุง ุงูู |
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11 |
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00:00:52,120 --> 00:00:55,900 |
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cartilage ููู
ุงู ู
ุง ููุด ููู vascularization ุนุดุงู |
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12 |
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00:00:55,900 --> 00:01:02,200 |
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ููู ูุนูุฏูุด ูุฏุฑุฉ ุนูู ุงูู regeneration ู
ุฑุฉ ุซุงููุฉ ุงูู |
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13 |
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00:01:02,200 --> 00:01:06,500 |
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articular cartilage ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู highly specialized |
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14 |
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00:01:06,500 --> 00:01:11,400 |
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class of connective tissue with high mechanical |
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15 |
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00:01:11,400 --> 00:01:12,320 |
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properties |
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16 |
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00:01:31,390 --> 00:01:36,130 |
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movement it is intention even no stress is present |
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17 |
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00:01:36,130 --> 00:01:43,390 |
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ูุนุงุฏุฉ ุจูููู ุงูู .. ุงูู cartilage ู
ุดุฏูุฏ ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจู .. |
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18 |
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00:01:43,390 --> 00:01:48,880 |
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ุจููุงูู
ุงูู compressive ู ุงูู shear forces ููู
ุงู ูู |
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19 |
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00:01:48,880 --> 00:01:52,000 |
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ููุณ ุงูููุช ุจูุชู
ุชุน ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู
ูุง resilience and |
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20 |
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00:01:52,000 --> 00:01:56,000 |
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elasticity ุจุงูู
ุฑููุฉ ุงููู ูุงููุฉ ูุฅู ูู ุนูุฏู ูุฏุฑุฉ |
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21 |
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00:01:56,000 --> 00:02:00,100 |
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ุนูู ุงู
ุชุตุงุต ุงูู energy ู release ูู
ุงู ููู energy |
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22 |
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00:02:00,100 --> 00:02:03,120 |
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ู
ุนูุงู ููู
ุฉ resilience is the ability of the |
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23 |
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00:02:03,120 --> 00:02:08,790 |
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material to absorb energy when it is deformed with |
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24 |
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00:02:08,790 --> 00:02:14,330 |
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deformed ุงูู elast .. ูุนูู .. ูุนูู ูู
ุง ุจูุตูุฑ ููู ุงูู |
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25 |
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00:02:14,330 --> 00:02:18,290 |
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.. ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู deformation ุฃู ุงูุชุบููุฑ ุนูู ุงูุดูู ุจุนุฏ |
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26 |
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00:02:18,290 --> 00:02:21,850 |
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ููู ุจุนุฏ ู
ุง ูุฑูุญ ุงูู compression ุจูุตูุฑ release ููุฏู |
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27 |
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00:02:21,850 --> 00:02:27,190 |
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ููู energy ุฅุฐุง ุตุงุฑ ูู unloading ุทูุจ ุฅูุด ุงูู types of |
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28 |
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00:02:27,190 --> 00:02:31,110 |
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ุงูู cartilageุ ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู hyaline cartilage ุงููู ูู |
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29 |
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00:02:31,110 --> 00:02:34,640 |
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ุงูู most common type ู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ุงูู synovial joint ู ุงูู |
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30 |
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00:02:34,640 --> 00:02:38,700 |
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freely movable .. movable joint ููู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู ุทุจูุฉ |
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31 |
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00:02:38,700 --> 00:02:44,760 |
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ู
ู ุงูู .. ุฎูููุง ูููู .. |
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32 |
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00:02:49,290 --> 00:02:56,930 |
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ูู ุทุจูุฉ ู
ูุณุงุก ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ุชููู ุชูุฑูุจุง ุญูุงูู ูุงุญุฏ ุฎู
ุณุฉ |
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33 |
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00:02:56,930 --> 00:03:03,710 |
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ู
ูู ู
ู ุงูู .. ุงูู white layers of connective tissue |
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34 |
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00:03:03,710 --> 00:03:09,330 |
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ุจุชููู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ู
ุง ุจูู ุฃุณุทุญ ุงูู .. ุงูู articular .. ุงูู |
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35 |
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00:03:09,330 --> 00:03:15,040 |
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joints ุนูู ุฃุณุงุณ ุจุชู
ูุน ุงูุงุญุชูุงู ููู ุนูุฏูุง ุงูู |
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36 |
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00:03:15,040 --> 00:03:19,400 |
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elastic cartilage ูู ุงูู .. ุงูู cartilage ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏ |
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37 |
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00:03:19,400 --> 00:03:22,860 |
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ุญูุงููู ุงูู external ear ููู ุนูุฏูุง ูู
ุงู ุงูู |
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38 |
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00:03:22,860 --> 00:03:27,560 |
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fibrocartilage ุงููู ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู ุงูู cartilage ุงููู |
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39 |
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00:03:27,560 --> 00:03:33,720 |
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ู
ูุฌูุฏ ุนูู ุงูู .. ุญูุงููู ุงูู annulus fibrosus ูู ุงูู |
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40 |
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00:03:33,720 --> 00:03:37,330 |
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intervertebral disc ููู
ุงู ู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ุงูู meniscus of |
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41 |
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00:03:37,330 --> 00:03:42,070 |
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the knee ุงููู ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู pads ุฃู ู
ุฎุฏุงุช ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ |
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42 |
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00:03:42,070 --> 00:03:46,370 |
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ุจุชุฒูุฏ ุงูู congruence ุชุจุน ุงูู joint ุทุจุนุง ุฅูุด ูุธููุฉ |
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43 |
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00:03:46,370 --> 00:03:52,050 |
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ุงูู articular cartilage ูุธููุชู ุฃูู ุญุงุฌุฉ ูู self |
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44 |
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00:03:52,050 --> 00:03:55,570 |
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-lubricants ุฃู self-lubricating ุชุดุญูู
ุจูุนู
ู ุนู
ููุฉ |
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45 |
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00:03:55,570 --> 00:03:59,930 |
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ุงูู lubrication ุฃู ุงูุชุดุญูู
ุฃู ุชุฒููุช ุชุจุนุช ุงูู
ูุตู |
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46 |
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00:03:59,930 --> 00:04:04,750 |
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ุฅุญูุง ุจูุนุฑู ุฃู ู
ูุตู ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ููุช ุงูุชุดุญูู
ุงููู ููู |
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47 |
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00:04:04,750 --> 00:04:09,150 |
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ุจุชุตูุฑ ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูุงุญุชูุงู ูุฑุฏู ููุธููุชู ุฃูู ุดูุก ูู
ูุน |
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48 |
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00:04:09,150 --> 00:04:15,120 |
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ุงูุงุญุชูุงู ุจูู
ุณุญ ููุญุฑูุฉ ูุจูู the primary function to |
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49 |
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00:04:15,120 --> 00:04:18,080 |
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allow movement of the surface with minimal |
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50 |
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00:04:18,080 --> 00:04:21,320 |
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friction and wear ูุฃูู ุฅุฐุง ุตุงุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง friction |
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51 |
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00:04:21,320 --> 00:04:25,080 |
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ุฃู ุตุงุฑ ูู ุงุญุชูุงู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู wear and tear ุจุชุญุตู ู |
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52 |
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00:04:25,080 --> 00:04:29,300 |
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ุจุนุฏูุง ุจูุชุจุนูุง ุทุจุนุง ูุซูุฑ ู
ู ุงูุฃูู
ู loss of |
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53 |
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00:04:29,300 --> 00:04:33,070 |
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function ู ุงูู stiffness during the joint motion the |
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54 |
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00:04:33,070 --> 00:04:36,930 |
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cartilage is continuously exposed to gravitation |
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55 |
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00:04:36,930 --> 00:04:40,870 |
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stress ููู
ุงู stress produced by muscle contraction |
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56 |
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00:04:40,870 --> 00:04:44,550 |
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ุฅุญูุง ุงูู weight bearing ุนูู ุงูู joint ุนุงุฏุฉ ูุนูู ุฅุญูุง |
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57 |
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00:04:44,550 --> 00:04:48,570 |
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ูุฅุญูุง ูุงูููู ุจูููู ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุถุบุท ู
ู ุงูู weight of |
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58 |
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00:04:48,570 --> 00:04:51,920 |
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the head ุนูู ุงูู cervical spine ู ู
ู ุงูู cervical |
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59 |
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00:04:51,920 --> 00:04:57,900 |
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spine ุจูุฒู ู
ุน ุงูู shoulder girdle ุจูุฒู ุงููุฒู ุนูู ุงูู |
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60 |
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00:04:57,900 --> 00:05:01,760 |
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vertebra thoracic ูุจุนุฏูู ุนูู ุงูู lumbar ูุจุนุฏูู |
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61 |
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00:05:01,760 --> 00:05:05,300 |
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ุจูุฒู ุนูู ุงูู both lower limbs ูุทูู ุงูููุช ูู |
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62 |
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00:05:05,300 --> 00:05:10,280 |
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compression ุนูู ุงูู cartilage of the joints ุงููู |
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63 |
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00:05:10,280 --> 00:05:14,890 |
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ุฅุญูุง ูุงูููู ููุงูููู ุนูููุง ูุจุงูุชุงูู ุจูููู ูู ุนูุฏูุง |
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64 |
|
00:05:14,890 --> 00:05:21,950 |
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stress ุนูู ุงูู .. ุงูู
ูุงุตู ููู
ุงู ูู
ุง ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง |
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65 |
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00:05:21,950 --> 00:05:25,670 |
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muscle contraction ูุงูู articular cartilage ุจูููู |
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66 |
|
00:05:25,670 --> 00:05:28,870 |
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ุจุฑุถู ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุงูุญุฑูุฉ ูู
ุง ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง muscle |
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67 |
|
00:05:28,870 --> 00:05:31,470 |
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contraction ู
ุน ุฃู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุญุฑูุฉ ุนูู ุงูู
ูุตู |
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68 |
|
00:05:31,470 --> 00:05:35,730 |
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ุจูุตูุฑ ุจุฑุถู ุนู
ููุฉ tension ุนูู ูุฐุง ุงูู .. ุงูู |
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69 |
|
00:05:35,730 --> 00:05:39,710 |
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cartilage ุงูู cartilage ูู ู
ุง ููุด ููู blood supply ุฒู |
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70 |
|
00:05:39,710 --> 00:05:42,470 |
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ู
ุง ุฅุญูุง ุญูููุง ูู ุงูุจุฏุงูุฉ ููุง ููู lymphatic |
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71 |
|
00:05:42,470 --> 00:05:46,870 |
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channels ููุง ููู neurological innervation ูุฐุง ูุนูู |
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72 |
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00:05:46,870 --> 00:05:52,730 |
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ุฃูู ูู ูุนูู ุถุนูู ู
ู ูุงุญูุฉ ุชูุถูุฉ ุงูุชุฑููุฉ ุงูุฏู
ููุฉ |
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73 |
|
00:05:52,730 --> 00:05:55,030 |
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ููู ูุฅู ู
ุง ุจูุงุฎุฏุด ุชุฑููุฉ ู
ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุนู ุทุฑูู blood |
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74 |
|
00:05:55,030 --> 00:05:57,850 |
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vessels ุนุดุงู ููู ูู
ุงู ุจูุตูุฑุด ููู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู |
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75 |
|
00:05:57,850 --> 00:06:00,630 |
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regeneration ูู ุตุงุฑ ููู destruction ูุนู
ูุชููู |
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76 |
|
00:06:00,630 --> 00:06:04,950 |
|
ุงูุฅูุชุฆุงู
ุจุชููู ุจุชุญุตู ูุฅู ูู ุฏุงุฆู
ุง ููููุง ุจูููู |
|
|
|
77 |
|
00:06:04,950 --> 00:06:09,050 |
|
exposed ูู stress ู ูุงูุช ููู gravitational ุฃู ุงูู |
|
|
|
78 |
|
00:06:09,050 --> 00:06:14,930 |
|
stress ู
ู ุงูู muscle contractions ุทูุจ ุงูู .. ุงูู |
|
|
|
79 |
|
00:06:14,930 --> 00:06:18,630 |
|
cartilage ุงูู forces ุงููู ุจุชุนุฑุถ ููุง ุงูู cartilage ูู |
|
|
|
80 |
|
00:06:18,630 --> 00:06:21,550 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง rotatory component ููู ุนูุฏูุง non rotatory |
|
|
|
81 |
|
00:06:21,550 --> 00:06:24,630 |
|
component ุงูู rotatory component ุงููู ุจุชููู ูุงุชุฌุฉ |
|
|
|
82 |
|
00:06:24,630 --> 00:06:27,910 |
|
ุนู ุงูู movement ุงููู ูู ุชุจุนุช ุงูู segment ุฃู ุงูู |
|
|
|
83 |
|
00:06:27,910 --> 00:06:32,770 |
|
rotation ุชุจุนุช ุงูู
ูุตู ูุนุงุฏุฉ ุงูู muscle contraction |
|
|
|
84 |
|
00:06:32,770 --> 00:06:36,310 |
|
ูู
ุง ุจูุญุตู ุจูุนู
ู movement ุนูู ุงูุชุฑุงุถูุง ุนูู ุงูู elbow |
|
|
|
85 |
|
00:06:36,310 --> 00:06:39,810 |
|
joint ู
ุซููุง ุงูู biceps ุจุฏู ูุนู
ู flexion ูุงูู elbow |
|
|
|
86 |
|
00:06:39,810 --> 00:06:44,050 |
|
joint ูู ูุฐู ุงูุญุงูุฉ ุงูููุฉ ุงููุงุชุฌุฉ ุนู ุงูู muscle |
|
|
|
87 |
|
00:06:44,050 --> 00:06:47,890 |
|
contraction ุงููู ุฅุญูุง ุจูุณู
ููุง ุงูู biceps ุจุชุดุชุบู ุนูู |
|
|
|
88 |
|
00:06:47,890 --> 00:06:51,210 |
|
.. ุจุชุชุญูู ูุชููู ู
ู ุงูู forces ุงูู rotatory force |
|
|
|
89 |
|
00:06:51,210 --> 00:06:54,550 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุจุชุนู
ู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู movement ุฃู ุงูู rotation ุฃู |
|
|
|
90 |
|
00:06:54,550 --> 00:06:57,420 |
|
ุงูู angulation ุงููู ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุงูู
ูุตู ู ุงูู non |
|
|
|
91 |
|
00:06:57,420 --> 00:07:01,900 |
|
-rotatory component ุงููู ูู ุจุชููู parallel ุนูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
92 |
|
00:07:01,900 --> 00:07:07,100 |
|
axis of the segment ูุนุงุฏุฉ ุจุชููู ูุธููุชูุง ุฅู ุชุนู
ู |
|
|
|
93 |
|
00:07:07,100 --> 00:07:12,240 |
|
stabilization ููุฌุฐุจ ูู ุชุฎูููุง ุฅู ุงูู .. ูู ู
ูุตู |
|
|
|
94 |
|
00:07:12,240 --> 00:07:16,260 |
|
ูู ู
ุง ุตุงุฑุช ููู ุญุฑูุฉ ุจุฏู ูุฒูุบ ุงูู
ูุตู ููุฐุง ุฃููุฏ |
|
|
|
95 |
|
00:07:16,260 --> 00:07:20,580 |
|
ุจูููู ู
ุคูู
ููุบุงูุฉ ูุนุงุฏุฉ ุงูู .. ุงูู muscle |
|
|
|
96 |
|
00:07:20,580 --> 00:07:26,490 |
|
contraction ุจูุนู
ู stabilization ููู
ูุตู ูู
ุงู ููุฐุง |
|
|
|
97 |
|
00:07:26,490 --> 00:07:31,430 |
|
ุจูุฃุซุฑ ุนูู ุงูู articular cartilage ู
ู ูุงุญูุฉ ุฅูู ู
ู
ูู |
|
|
|
98 |
|
00:07:31,430 --> 00:07:35,070 |
|
ูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง compression load ุฃู ู
ู
ูู ูุตูุฑ ูู |
|
|
|
99 |
|
00:07:35,070 --> 00:07:38,450 |
|
ุนูุฏูุง shearing .. shearing load ู tensile load |
|
|
|
100 |
|
00:07:38,450 --> 00:07:44,450 |
|
ุทุจุนูุง ุงูู .. ุงูู articular ุงูู .. ุงูู .. ุจูุตูุฑ ุงูู force |
|
|
|
101 |
|
00:07:44,450 --> 00:07:47,210 |
|
ุนู ุทุฑูู ุงูู compression ุนูู ุงูู articular surfaces |
|
|
|
102 |
|
00:07:47,210 --> 00:07:50,650 |
|
against each other ูุฅู ูู ุจุฏู ูุซุจุชูู
ู
ุน ุจุนุถ ุนุดุงู |
|
|
|
103 |
|
00:07:50,650 --> 00:07:56,370 |
|
ู
ุง ู .. ู
ุง .. ู
ุง ูุฒุบูุด ูุฐุง ุงูู force ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจุชููู ู
ูู
ุฉ |
|
|
|
104 |
|
00:07:56,370 --> 00:08:01,770 |
|
ุฒููุง ุฒู ุงูู rotatory force ูุฅููุง ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ุนุงุฏุฉ ุจุชููู |
|
|
|
105 |
|
00:08:01,770 --> 00:08:05,910 |
|
ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุจุฏุงูุฉ ุงูุญุฑูุฉ ุนุดุงู ุฅููุง ุชุซุจุช ุงูู
ูุตู ู
ู |
|
|
|
106 |
|
00:08:05,910 --> 00:08:12,330 |
|
ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู .. ุงูุฅุฒุงุญุฉ ุฃู ุงูุฒูุบุงู the .. so the joint |
|
|
|
107 |
|
00:08:12,330 --> 00:08:16,850 |
|
cartilage has to sustain a compression stress |
|
|
|
108 |
|
00:08:16,850 --> 00:08:20,530 |
|
considerable degree which cause wear and tear of |
|
|
|
109 |
|
00:08:20,530 --> 00:08:23,670 |
|
the articular cartilage and the joint surfaces |
|
|
|
110 |
|
00:08:23,670 --> 00:08:27,020 |
|
ุทุจุนูุง ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูู wear and tear ุจุชุตูุฑ ูุฃู ุนู
ููุฉ |
|
|
|
111 |
|
00:08:27,020 --> 00:08:29,900 |
|
ุงูุงุญุชูุงู ุงููู ูู ูุธููุฉ ุงูู cartilage ููุณู ุฃุณุงุณูุง |
|
|
|
112 |
|
00:08:29,900 --> 00:08:34,000 |
|
ุฅููุง ุชู
ูุนูุง ุจุณ ุทุจุนูุง ูุฅู ูู ุจูุชุนุฑุถ ุจุงุณุชู
ุฑุงุฑ ุจุงุณุชู
ุฑุงุฑ |
|
|
|
113 |
|
00:08:34,000 --> 00:08:38,500 |
|
ููุฐู ุงูู compression ูู
ู
ูู ูุชุนุฑุถูุง ููู wear and tear |
|
|
|
114 |
|
00:08:38,500 --> 00:08:41,760 |
|
ุฃู ุงูู damage ุทูุจ ูุธููุฉ ุซุงููุฉ ููู articular |
|
|
|
115 |
|
00:08:41,760 --> 00:08:45,580 |
|
cartilage ุฅููุง ุจุชูุฒุน ุงูู load ุฅุญูุง ูููุง ุจุชูุณุน |
|
|
|
116 |
|
00:08:45,580 --> 00:08:49,080 |
|
ุงูู
ุณุงุญุฉ ุชุจุน ุงูู
ูุตู ูุจููู ุงูู pressure ูููุง ูู ุงูู |
|
|
|
117 |
|
00:08:49,080 --> 00:08:52,340 |
|
pressure ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู ุงูู force ุนูู ุงูู area ูู ู
ุง ูุจุฑุช |
|
|
|
118 |
|
00:08:52,340 --> 00:08:55,660 |
|
ุงูู area ูุฅู ูู ุงูู area ูู ูู ุงูู
ูุงู
ููู ู
ุง ูุจุฑ |
|
|
|
119 |
|
00:08:55,660 --> 00:09:00,180 |
|
ุงูู
ูุงู
ูู ู
ุง ุจููู ุงูู stress ุงููู ู
ูุฌูุฏ ุนูู ุงูุณุทุญ |
|
|
|
120 |
|
00:09:00,180 --> 00:09:04,320 |
|
ูุจูู ุงูู contact stress decrease ููุดุ ูุฃู ุงูู stress |
|
|
|
121 |
|
00:09:04,320 --> 00:09:09,260 |
|
ุจูุณุงูู ุงูู force ุนูู ุงูู area ุทุจุนูุง it changes the |
|
|
|
122 |
|
00:09:09,260 --> 00:09:13,280 |
|
contact area during joint motion minimize the |
|
|
|
123 |
|
00:09:13,280 --> 00:09:16,640 |
|
stress which may cause wear and tear upon the |
|
|
|
124 |
|
00:09:16,640 --> 00:09:21,500 |
|
cartilage so that stress is not concentrated at |
|
|
|
125 |
|
00:09:21,500 --> 00:09:27,420 |
|
one small area ุชูุฒูุน ุงูู
ุณุงุญุฉ .. ุชูุฒูุน ุงูููุฉ ุนูู |
|
|
|
126 |
|
00:09:27,420 --> 00:09:31,800 |
|
ุงููู ุงูู
ุณุงุญุฉ ุจูููู ู
ู ุงู stress ุงููู ุญุงุตู ู ุจูููู |
|
|
|
127 |
|
00:09:31,800 --> 00:09:35,900 |
|
ู
ู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงู wear and tear ุนูู ุงูู
ูุตู ุทุจ ู ู
ู ุฅูุด |
|
|
|
128 |
|
00:09:35,900 --> 00:09:43,350 |
|
ุจุชููู ูุฐุง ุงู cartilageุ ูู ุงู composition ุงูู ุทุจุนุง |
|
|
|
129 |
|
00:09:43,350 --> 00:09:47,570 |
|
ููู collagen ู ููู proteoglycan ู ููู water ู |
|
|
|
130 |
|
00:09:47,570 --> 00:09:52,430 |
|
inorganic salt ุฒู ุฃู ุดู ูู ุฌุณู
ุงูุฅูุณุงู ุงูู
ููู .. |
|
|
|
131 |
|
00:09:52,430 --> 00:09:56,550 |
|
ุงูุฃูุซุฑ ู
ููู ุงูู ุจูููู water ู ูู
ุงู ุงู collagen ู |
|
|
|
132 |
|
00:09:56,550 --> 00:10:00,700 |
|
ุงู proteoglycan ุทุจุนุง ุงู stress ุจุชูุฒุน ุนูู ุงู .. ุนู |
|
|
|
133 |
|
00:10:00,700 --> 00:10:04,560 |
|
ุทุฑูู .. ุนูู ุงู cartilage ู ุจุนู
ู ุฒู ุดูู ุงู wave |
|
|
|
134 |
|
00:10:04,560 --> 00:10:08,620 |
|
ูุนูู ุฒู .. ุฒู ุงูู
ูุฌ ูุฏู ุจุช .. ุจุชูุฒุน ูุนูู ุจูุฒู ุนูู |
|
|
|
135 |
|
00:10:08,620 --> 00:10:13,420 |
|
ุงูู
ูุทูุฉ ุงููู ุจูููู ูููุง ุงู .. ุงูุถุบุท ู ุจุนุฏูู ุจูุจุฏุฃ |
|
|
|
136 |
|
00:10:13,420 --> 00:10:21,100 |
|
ููุชุดุฑ ุนูู ุดูู waves ุทุจุนุง ุงู .. that lead to the |
|
|
|
137 |
|
00:10:21,100 --> 00:10:24,760 |
|
development of shear and tension stresses which |
|
|
|
138 |
|
00:10:24,760 --> 00:10:29,900 |
|
must be taken up by tension resisting network ุงูู ุงููู |
|
|
|
139 |
|
00:10:29,900 --> 00:10:35,220 |
|
ูู ุงู collagen fibers ู ุชุฑููุจุชู ู ููุชุนุฑู ุนูุฏูุง ููู |
|
|
|
140 |
|
00:10:35,220 --> 00:10:39,380 |
|
ุฃู ูู ุจูุชููู ู
ู ุชูุช ุทุจูุงุชุ ุงูุชูุช ุทุจูุงุช ูุฐู ุชุฑููุจุฉ |
|
|
|
141 |
|
00:10:39,380 --> 00:10:45,330 |
|
ุงู collagen ูููุง ุจุชุฎุชูู ุนุดุงู ูู ูู ููุน ู
ููุง ุจุชูุงูู
|
|
|
|
142 |
|
00:10:45,330 --> 00:10:49,210 |
|
ููุน ู
ู ุงู forces ุงููู applied ูุจูู ุงู .. ุงู |
|
|
|
143 |
|
00:10:49,210 --> 00:10:53,590 |
|
network ูุฐุง ุจุชูููู ู
ู ุฅูุดุ ู
ู collagen fibrils |
|
|
|
144 |
|
00:10:53,590 --> 00:11:00,110 |
|
which ranges from 15 to 22 percent of the network |
|
|
|
145 |
|
00:11:00,110 --> 00:11:05,670 |
|
ุชุจุน ุงูู .. ุงู cartilage ู ูู ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู
ูุง proteoglycan |
|
|
|
146 |
|
00:11:05,670 --> 00:11:13,790 |
|
ุงููู ูู content ุญูุงูู 4 ู 7% ู
ู ุงู wet .. wet ุงูู |
|
|
|
147 |
|
00:11:13,790 --> 00:11:18,370 |
|
.. ู
ู ุงูู
ููู ุงูุฑุทุจ ู ูู
ุงู ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุงู water ู ุงู |
|
|
|
148 |
|
00:11:18,370 --> 00:11:24,050 |
|
inorganic salts ุงููู ุจุชุดูู ุญูุงูู ู
ู 60 ู 5 ุฃู 80% |
|
|
|
149 |
|
00:11:24,050 --> 00:11:29,110 |
|
ู ุทุจุนุง ูู matrix ู protein ู glycoproteins ู |
|
|
|
150 |
|
00:11:29,110 --> 00:11:33,930 |
|
lipids ู ู
ุง ุฅูู ุฐูู ุทูุจ ุงูcollagen ููู ุชุฑููุจุชูุ |
|
|
|
151 |
|
00:11:33,930 --> 00:11:37,230 |
|
ุฅูุด ููุ ุงูcollagen has a high level of structural |
|
|
|
152 |
|
00:11:37,230 --> 00:11:41,730 |
|
organization ูุฃู ูู ุจุชููู ู
ู ุชูุช ุทุจูุงุช result in |
|
|
|
153 |
|
00:11:41,730 --> 00:11:45,930 |
|
optimum mechanical properties ุงููู ุจุชุนุทู ุฃุตูุง ุฃุตูุง |
|
|
|
154 |
|
00:11:45,930 --> 00:11:49,590 |
|
ุงู mechanical properties ุชุจุน ุงู cartilage ููุณู |
|
|
|
155 |
|
00:11:49,590 --> 00:11:53,230 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุงู function of collagen ุจูุนุทููุง tensile |
|
|
|
156 |
|
00:11:53,230 --> 00:11:58,650 |
|
stiffness and strength properties as the fibers are |
|
|
|
157 |
|
00:11:58,650 --> 00:12:03,490 |
|
in tension even ูู ู
ุง ูุงูุด ูู ุนูุฏูุง stresses applied |
|
|
|
158 |
|
00:12:03,490 --> 00:12:09,170 |
|
ููู
ุงู ูู ุนูุฏูุง ุจู .. ุจูุนุทู ุงู cartilage stress |
|
|
|
159 |
|
00:12:09,170 --> 00:12:12,630 |
|
ูุนูู resistant ูู stress ู ุงู strains ุนูู ุงู |
|
|
|
160 |
|
00:12:12,630 --> 00:12:16,630 |
|
articular cartilage ูุนูู ุจูููู
ุงู stress ู ุงู |
|
|
|
161 |
|
00:12:16,630 --> 00:12:19,520 |
|
strain ุงููู ุจูููู ุนูู ุงู cartilage ุจูุณุจุฉ |
|
|
|
162 |
|
00:12:19,520 --> 00:12:23,560 |
|
ููู arrangement ููู collagen ูููุงูู ุฃูู ูู ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ |
|
|
|
163 |
|
00:12:23,560 --> 00:12:27,300 |
|
ุนู ุชูุงุชุฉ zones ู .. ู zones ูุฐู separated ุชุฑููุจุฉ |
|
|
|
164 |
|
00:12:27,300 --> 00:12:31,480 |
|
ุงูู collagen ูููุง ุจุชุฎุชูู ู
ู ุงู superficial ู ุงู |
|
|
|
165 |
|
00:12:31,480 --> 00:12:34,860 |
|
deep ุทุจุนุง ูู ูุงุญุฏุฉ ููุง properties ุฎุงุตุฉ ูููุง ุจุชููู
|
|
|
|
166 |
|
00:12:34,860 --> 00:12:39,310 |
|
stresses ู
ุนููุฉ ุงูู superficial layer ุจุชูุงูู
ุฏุงุฆู
ุง |
|
|
|
167 |
|
00:12:39,310 --> 00:12:45,070 |
|
ุงูู tensile stretch ูุฃููุง ูู ุจุชููู ู
ุนุฑุถุฉ ุฃูุซุฑ ุดูุก |
|
|
|
168 |
|
00:12:45,070 --> 00:12:49,830 |
|
ูู tensile forces ุจุชุดูู ุนุดุฑุฉ ูุนุดุฑูู ูู ุงูู
ุฆุฉ ู
ู ุงู |
|
|
|
169 |
|
00:12:49,830 --> 00:12:53,630 |
|
total thickness ููู
ุงู ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู densely packed |
|
|
|
170 |
|
00:12:53,630 --> 00:12:58,770 |
|
fine fibrils elliptical ุดูููุง ุจูุถุงูู and flattened |
|
|
|
171 |
|
00:12:58,770 --> 00:13:05,270 |
|
ุฒู ู
ุง ุฅุญูุง ุดุงูููููุง ุจูุฐุง ุงูุดูู ููุง ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู |
|
|
|
172 |
|
00:13:05,270 --> 00:13:11,030 |
|
elliptical ุจูุถุงููุฉ ู .. ู ู
ุณุทุญุฉ ู ุจุช .. ุจุชููู |
|
|
|
173 |
|
00:13:11,030 --> 00:13:15,270 |
|
ู
ุฑุชุจุฉ parallel to the articular surface ูุนูู ุฅุญูุง |
|
|
|
174 |
|
00:13:15,270 --> 00:13:18,570 |
|
ุฏุงุฆู
ุง ููุง ุจูู
ุซููุง ูู ุงูุชุนููู
ุงููุฌุงูู ุจูู
ุณู ุฎู
ุณ |
|
|
|
175 |
|
00:13:18,570 --> 00:13:22,170 |
|
ุฃููุงู
ู ุจูู
ุณููู
ูุฏู ู ุจูุตูุทูู
ู ุจูู
ุณููู
ุจุงูุนุฑุถ ู |
|
|
|
176 |
|
00:13:22,170 --> 00:13:26,310 |
|
ุจูุญุงูู ุฃููุง ูุฌุฏูู
ุฃู ููุณุฑูู
ุทุจุนุง ุตุนุจ ูุซูุฑ ุฃู ููุฏุฑ |
|
|
|
177 |
|
00:13:26,310 --> 00:13:31,470 |
|
ูุชุนุฌูู
ุฃู .. ุฃู .. ุฃู ูุดุฏูู
ููุฐุง ูุฃูู ูู ู
ูุงูู
ุฉ |
|
|
|
178 |
|
00:13:31,470 --> 00:13:36,810 |
|
ูุจูุฑุฉ ููู
ู ูู
ู
ุฑุชุจูู in parallel way ุทุจุนุง ุงู |
|
|
|
179 |
|
00:13:36,810 --> 00:13:41,050 |
|
arrangement ูุฐุง sort of protecting not allowing |
|
|
|
180 |
|
00:13:41,050 --> 00:13:45,470 |
|
the fiber to move apart without losing tensile |
|
|
|
181 |
|
00:13:45,470 --> 00:13:48,230 |
|
strength ุทุจ ูุดูู ุงู zone ุงูุซุงููุฉ ุงู middle zone |
|
|
|
182 |
|
00:13:48,230 --> 00:13:53,170 |
|
ุจุชุดูู 40 ูู 60% ู
ู ุงูู total thickness ูุฐู ุงูู zone |
|
|
|
183 |
|
00:13:53,170 --> 00:14:01,230 |
|
ุจุชููู ู
ุฑุชุจุฉ randomly distributed in oblique way ุฒู |
|
|
|
184 |
|
00:14:01,230 --> 00:14:05,790 |
|
ู
ุง ุฅุญูุง ุดููุงูุง ูู ุงูุญููุงุช ููุดูููุง ูู ูุฐุง ุงูุดูู |
|
|
|
185 |
|
00:14:05,790 --> 00:14:09,690 |
|
ุดุงูููู ููุง ุงู surface ููู ููุง parallel ู ุงู middle |
|
|
|
186 |
|
00:14:09,690 --> 00:14:14,170 |
|
zone ุจุชููู randomly ู ููุฑูุญ ูู deep zone ุงููู ูู |
|
|
|
187 |
|
00:14:14,170 --> 00:14:21,880 |
|
ุจุชููู ุดูููุง ูุงููุฉ ุนู
ูุฏูุง ุทูุจ ุงู deep zone ูู ุจุชุดูู 30 |
|
|
|
188 |
|
00:14:21,880 --> 00:14:24,020 |
|
% ู
ู ุงูู total thickness ู ูุฐู ุงูู zone |
|
|
|
189 |
|
00:14:24,020 --> 00:14:29,960 |
|
arrangement ุจุชููู perpendicular to the cartilage ู |
|
|
|
190 |
|
00:14:29,960 --> 00:14:36,360 |
|
ุจุชููู ูุฑูุจุฉ ู
ู ุงู tide mark ุงููู ูู ุงูุญุฏ ุงููุงุตู ู
ุง |
|
|
|
191 |
|
00:14:36,360 --> 00:14:40,040 |
|
ุจูู ุงู bone ู ุงู inter surface ุงู inter surface of |
|
|
|
192 |
|
00:14:40,040 --> 00:14:44,480 |
|
the bone ู ุงู cartilage ูุฐู ุชููู ุงูู Parallel |
|
|
|
193 |
|
00:14:44,480 --> 00:14:52,560 |
|
Orientation ููู Fibers ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุงูุณุทุญ ุชุฎุชูู |
|
|
|
194 |
|
00:14:52,560 --> 00:14:56,660 |
|
ุฎูุงุตูุง ุนู ุงูู Perpendicular Orientation |
|
|
|
195 |
|
00:14:59,020 --> 00:15:04,040 |
|
ุงูู Parallel ููู ูู ุงูุณุทุญ ุจุชุนุทููุง stiffness ุฃูุซุฑ ูู .. |
|
|
|
196 |
|
00:15:04,040 --> 00:15:08,140 |
|
ูู tensile force ู ุงูู perpendicular ุจุชุนุทููุง |
|
|
|
197 |
|
00:15:08,140 --> 00:15:12,540 |
|
stiffness ุฃูุซุฑ ู ุงู compression force ุทุจุนุง tensile |
|
|
|
198 |
|
00:15:12,540 --> 00:15:16,560 |
|
stiffness of the superficial layer ุจุชูุฑูุจุง ุจุดูู |
|
|
|
199 |
|
00:15:16,560 --> 00:15:21,320 |
|
ุนุดุฑูู ู
ุฑุฉ ุฃูุซุฑ ู
ู ุงู deep zone |
|
|
|
200 |
|
00:15:25,810 --> 00:15:32,010 |
|
ุทุจุนุง ูุฐุง ุงูุดูู ุงููู ุจููุถุญ ุฃู ุงูุชุฑุชูุจุฉ ุชุจุน ุงูู |
|
|
|
201 |
|
00:15:32,010 --> 00:15:37,190 |
|
different zones of the cartilage superficial ููู |
|
|
|
202 |
|
00:15:37,190 --> 00:15:41,510 |
|
ุจุชุดูู ุงูุนุดุฑุฉ ูุนุดุฑูู ูู ุงูู
ุฆุฉ ููู ุจุฑุง ูู fibers ูุฐู |
|
|
|
203 |
|
00:15:41,510 --> 00:15:46,150 |
|
middle zone randomly organized ุฃู
ุง ุงู deep zone |
|
|
|
204 |
|
00:15:46,150 --> 00:15:47,250 |
|
ููู |
|
|
|
205 |
|
00:15:52,380 --> 00:15:57,940 |
|
perpendicular ููู ูุนูู ุจุชูุงูู
ุฃูุซุฑ ุงู .. ูุนูู ููุณ |
|
|
|
206 |
|
00:15:57,940 --> 00:16:00,740 |
|
ุงูุฃููุงู
ูุฐู ุงููู ููุง ุญุงูููุง ุนููู
ุจุงูุฃูู ูู |
|
|
|
207 |
|
00:16:00,740 --> 00:16:04,740 |
|
ู
ุณููููู
ุจุดูู .. ุจุดูู ุนู
ูุฏู ุณูู ุฃููุง ุฃููุง ูู .. ูู |
|
|
|
208 |
|
00:16:04,740 --> 00:16:08,220 |
|
ุดุฏูุงูู
ูุชูุฑููุง ุนู .. ุนู ุจุนุถูู
|
|
|
|
209 |
|
00:16:14,970 --> 00:16:18,570 |
|
ุทูุจ there is decrease in tensile stiffness or |
|
|
|
210 |
|
00:16:18,570 --> 00:16:22,870 |
|
strength ูู ู
ุง ุฑุญูุง ุฑูุญูุง deeper ูู ุงู surface ูู |
|
|
|
211 |
|
00:16:22,870 --> 00:16:25,290 |
|
ู
ุง ุฒุงุฏุช ุงู distance from the surface of the |
|
|
|
212 |
|
00:16:25,290 --> 00:16:29,170 |
|
articular cartilage ุงู superficial layer is |
|
|
|
213 |
|
00:16:29,170 --> 00:16:34,350 |
|
protective for the articular cartilage ูุธููุชูุง |
|
|
|
214 |
|
00:16:34,350 --> 00:16:38,010 |
|
ุฃููุง ุช resist the tensile strain produced by |
|
|
|
215 |
|
00:16:38,010 --> 00:16:41,490 |
|
compression and friction at the joint ูุงูุฏู ุจุตุชูู |
|
|
|
216 |
|
00:16:41,750 --> 00:16:46,130 |
|
ูู ุจุชุนุทููู resistant ุฃูุซุฑ ูู compression load due |
|
|
|
217 |
|
00:16:46,130 --> 00:16:49,910 |
|
to its perpendicular orientation ุทูุจ ุงูู |
|
|
|
218 |
|
00:16:49,910 --> 00:16:55,410 |
|
proteoglycan ูู ุงูู
ูููู ุงูุซุงูู ู
ู ู
ูููุงุช ุงูู |
|
|
|
219 |
|
00:16:55,410 --> 00:16:59,050 |
|
cartilage articular cartilage ุงู function ุชุจุนุชู ูู |
|
|
|
220 |
|
00:16:59,050 --> 00:17:04,770 |
|
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู ุนู
ููุฉ ุจุชุนู
ู ุนู
ููุฉ ุงูุชุฑุงุจุท ู
ุง ุจูู ุงู .. ุงู |
|
|
|
221 |
|
00:17:04,770 --> 00:17:09,970 |
|
.. ุฒู ูู ุชููููุง ุงูู
ุงุฏุฉ ุงููุงุตูุฉ ุชุจุน ุงู .. ุงู |
|
|
|
222 |
|
00:17:09,970 --> 00:17:15,710 |
|
collagen fibers ูู large protein polysaccharide |
|
|
|
223 |
|
00:17:15,710 --> 00:17:21,190 |
|
molecules composed of protein core to which one or |
|
|
|
224 |
|
00:17:21,190 --> 00:17:24,810 |
|
more glycosaminoglycans |
|
|
|
225 |
|
00:17:26,840 --> 00:17:30,840 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุงุฎุชุตุงุฑูุง ุงูู GAGs are attached ุทุจุนุง ุงูู |
|
|
|
226 |
|
00:17:30,840 --> 00:17:35,880 |
|
proteoglytin are strongly hydrophilic substance |
|
|
|
227 |
|
00:17:35,880 --> 00:17:41,680 |
|
ุทุจุนุง occupying large solvent domains in the |
|
|
|
228 |
|
00:17:41,680 --> 00:17:45,760 |
|
aqueous solution ุทุจุนุง ูู ูุธููุชู ุฃู ูุนู
ู ุงูุชุฑุงุจุท |
|
|
|
229 |
|
00:17:45,920 --> 00:17:49,540 |
|
ุงููู ูู ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู ุงูู bending substance to the |
|
|
|
230 |
|
00:17:49,540 --> 00:17:52,660 |
|
collagen molecule at a certain level within the |
|
|
|
231 |
|
00:17:52,660 --> 00:17:59,380 |
|
cartilage ููุฃู ูู ุงูุบุฑุงุก ุงููู ุจูู
ุณู ุงู collagen |
|
|
|
232 |
|
00:17:59,380 --> 00:18:03,960 |
|
fibers ู
ุน ุจุนุถูุง ูู
ุง ุจูุตูุฑ ูู ุนูุฏูุง when stress is |
|
|
|
233 |
|
00:18:03,960 --> 00:18:06,880 |
|
applied to the cartilage surface ูู ุนูุฏูุง |
|
|
|
234 |
|
00:18:06,880 --> 00:18:11,500 |
|
interstitial deformation ุจูุตูุฑ ููู ุชุบููุฑ ุนูู |
|
|
|
235 |
|
00:18:11,500 --> 00:18:17,750 |
|
ุดูู ุงูู .. ุงู cartilage ุจูููู .. ุจุณู
ุญ ูู ุงู .. |
|
|
|
236 |
|
00:18:17,750 --> 00:18:22,090 |
|
ุงูุชุบููุฑ ูุฐุง ูู ุงูุดุฑุงุจ ุงู proteoglycan ูุฃู ูุฒูู |
|
|
|
237 |
|
00:18:22,090 --> 00:18:29,360 |
|
ูุฃูู ู
ุงุฏุฉ ูุงุตูุฉ ู ูุฒุฌุฉ ูู
ุงู ูู ููุณ ุงู .. ุงูููุช ุทูุจ |
|
|
|
238 |
|
00:18:29,360 --> 00:18:34,920 |
|
ุฅุญูุง ููู ุงูููู
ุจูููู ูุตููุง ูููุงูุฉ ู
ุญุงุถุฑุชูุง ูู ุงู |
|
|
|
239 |
|
00:18:34,920 --> 00:18:41,480 |
|
articular cartilage ู ููุชุนุฑู ุนูู ุงูุฎูุงุต ุชุจุนุชู ุฃูุซุฑ |
|
|
|
240 |
|
00:18:41,480 --> 00:18:45,300 |
|
ูู ุงูู
ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงููุงุฏู
ุฉ ุฅู ุดุงุก ุงููู |
|
|