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1
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ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ู†ูƒู…ู„ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู€
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structure of viruses ูˆุจุฏุฃู†ุง ุจุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
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ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ viral nucleic acid ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุจุชุชู…ูŠุฒ
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ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุจุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู‚ูˆู„
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ุจุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุชู…ุชู„ูƒ genome ู…ูƒูˆู† ู…ู† RNAูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏุฉ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง
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00:00:42,790 --> 00:00:45,970
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุฌูŠู†ูˆู… ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุจุนุถ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุฌูŠู†ูˆู…
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ู…ุญุชูˆู‰ ุนู„ู‰ single-stranded DNA ุฃูˆ double-stranded
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RNA ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠู‡ .. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชูุฑุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ูˆู… ุชุจุน ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช
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00:00:54,730 --> 00:00:57,730
ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ DNA ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† double-stranded ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู†
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single-stranded ุงู„ RNA ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† double-stranded
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ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง single-stranded ููŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ
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ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุฃู† ุงู„ DNA ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† linearุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ Eukaryotes
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00:01:10,610 --> 00:01:14,770
ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ Circular ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ Prokaryotes ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† ู†ู‚ุทุฉ
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00:01:14,770 --> 00:01:22,090
ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉ ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† ู‚ุทุนุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉูˆู…ุนุธู…
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00:01:22,090 --> 00:01:25,670
ุฃูˆ ูƒู„ ุงู„ DNA viruses ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู‚ุทุนุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ
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ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ RNA viruses ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† ู‚ุทุนุฉ ูˆู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูƒูˆู†ุฉ
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00:01:30,290 --> 00:01:34,150
ู…ู† ุนุฏุฉ ู‚ุทุน ูˆุฐูƒุฑู†ุง ู…ุซุงู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ influenza
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00:01:34,150 --> 00:01:38,950
virus ูˆ ุงู„ rotavirus segmented ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุฃู† ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ
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00:01:38,950 --> 00:01:43,390
ุงู„ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุงู„ influenza virus
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00:01:43,390 --> 00:01:51,110
ุชู…ุงู† ู‚ุทุน ุชู…ุงู† ู‚ุทุนูƒู„ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุชุนุชุจุฑ haploid ุจู…ุนู†ู‰
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they contain only one single copy of the genome ู…ุง
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ุนุฏุง ุงู„ .. ุงูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ retrovirus family ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
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00:01:58,550 --> 00:02:04,730
ุจูŠุชู…ูŠู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ HIV ู…ูƒูˆู†ุฉ ู…ู† ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู†ุณุฎุฉ ู…ู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ูˆู…
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00:02:04,730 --> 00:02:08,270
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง diploid ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุทุจุนุง ุบุฑูŠุจุฉ ู…ู† ุบุฑุงุฆุจ
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00:02:08,270 --> 00:02:09,870
ุฃูŠุถุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช
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00:02:12,640 --> 00:02:16,440
ุจู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู€ capsid ุงู„ู€ capsid ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ housing ุฃูˆ
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00:02:16,440 --> 00:02:21,480
ุงู„ุบู„ุงู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฌูˆุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉ ูˆ
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00:02:21,480 --> 00:02:27,500
ุงู„ capsid ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† protein coat ู…ูƒูˆู† ู…ู† capsomers
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00:02:27,500 --> 00:02:32,000
ูˆ ุงู„ capsomers ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู‡ูŠ ูˆุญุฏุงุช ุจู†ุงุฆูŠุฉ ู„ุฃูˆ monomers
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00:02:32,000 --> 00:02:36,160
ุบุงู„ุจุง ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ ุชุญุฏุซู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ุง ู„ูƒู† ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ุง
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00:02:36,160 --> 00:02:39,760
ุจุฑุถู‡ ุจุดูŠุก ู…ู† ุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุญุชู‰ ู†ุคูƒุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ
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00:02:39,760 --> 00:02:46,160
ูˆุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ูƒุจุณูŠุฏ ูƒุงู…ู„ุฉ ู…ู† ู†ูˆุน ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช
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00:02:46,160 --> 00:02:52,360
ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ุตู†ู ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ูƒุจุณูˆู…ุฑ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุชุญุช
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00:02:52,360 --> 00:02:56,500
ุงู„ู…ูŠูƒุฑูˆุณูƒูˆุจ ุจู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ูƒูˆุฑูŠุงุช ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑูŠุงุช
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00:02:56,500 --> 00:03:02,590
ููŠู‡ุง central hole ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุซู‚ุจ ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠูˆ ูŠุธู† ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ุจุฃู†
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00:03:02,590 --> 00:03:07,410
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุซู‚ุจ ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุฒูŠ ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฅุฑุชุจุงุท ุฃูˆ ู…ุง
37
00:03:07,410 --> 00:03:12,070
ูŠุณู…ู‰ ุจุงู„ู€ self-assembly ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฐูƒุฑู†ุงู‡ ุณุงุจู‚ุง ูˆ ู‡ู†ุฐูƒุฑู‡
38
00:03:12,070 --> 00:03:16,730
ูƒู…ุงู† ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู„ุงุญู‚ุงุŒ ุฅุฐู† ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ูƒูˆุฑูŠุฉ ูˆ ู…ุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰
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00:03:16,730 --> 00:03:23,030
Central Hallุงู„ู€ Structure composed of nucleic acid
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00:03:23,030 --> 00:03:28,890
ูˆ ุฎุงุฑุฌู‡ ุงู„ูƒุจุณูŠุฏ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆ ูƒุจุณูŠุฏ ูˆ ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆ
41
00:03:28,890 --> 00:03:33,710
ูƒุจุณูŠุฏ ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุฃู† ููŠ ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช
42
00:03:33,710 --> 00:03:38,050
ู„ุงุชู…ุชู„ูƒ ุฅู„ุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆ ูƒุจุณูŠุฏ ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุจุณูŠุฏ ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง
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00:03:38,050 --> 00:03:44,790
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† whole virion one single virus
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00:03:44,790 --> 00:03:51,250
ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆ ูƒุจุณูŠุฏ ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† ููŠุฑูˆุณ ูƒุงู…ู„ุงู„ู€
45
00:03:51,250 --> 00:03:55,630
Arrangement ูˆุทุจูŠุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ Capsomers ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญุฏุฏ ุงู„ู€
46
00:03:55,630 --> 00:03:58,870
Geometric Symmetry ู„ู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุงูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€
47
00:03:58,870 --> 00:04:02,510
Geometric SymmetryุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุฒูŠ
48
00:04:02,510 --> 00:04:07,330
ู…ุง ุงู†ุชูˆุง ุดุงูŠููŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูƒูˆุฑูŠุฉ
49
00:04:07,330 --> 00:04:14,650
ู…ูƒูˆู†ุฉ ู…ู† ู…ุซู„ุซุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุซู„ุซุงุช ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุนุดุฑูŠู† ู…ุซู„ุซูˆ
50
00:04:14,650 --> 00:04:20,570
ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุนุดุฑูˆู†ูŠ ุงู„ูˆุฌูˆู‡ ุนุดุฑูˆู†ูŠ ุงู„ูˆุฌูˆู‡ ุงูˆ ุจุงู„ุงู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠ
51
00:04:20,570 --> 00:04:25,490
ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง icosahedral ุจูŠู†ู…ุง
52
00:04:25,490 --> 00:04:32,530
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† spiral arrangement
53
00:04:34,080 --> 00:04:37,020
ูููŠู†ุง ุดูƒู„ูŠู† ุฃุณุงุณูŠุง ููŠ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุฅู…ุง ุงู„ู€
54
00:04:37,020 --> 00:04:42,200
Ecosahedral ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ Spiral ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ Helical
55
00:04:42,200 --> 00:04:47,480
Arrangement ุนุงุฏู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ComplexุŒ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡
56
00:04:47,480 --> 00:04:51,300
Complex ูˆุบุงู„ุจุง ุงู„ Complex ู„ุง ุชู…ุชู„ูƒ ุฃูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดูƒู„ูŠู†
57
00:04:51,300 --> 00:04:54,940
ุฃูˆ ุชู…ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ูŠู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุจ ู…ุซู„ุง
58
00:04:55,510 --> 00:04:58,850
ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠูˆ ูุงุฌ ูˆุงู†ุง ุงูˆุฑุฏูƒู… ุณูˆุฑุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ
59
00:04:58,850 --> 00:05:02,870
ุงู„ุฑุฃุณ ุชุจุนู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงูŠูƒูˆุฒุงู‡ูŠุฏุฑุงู„ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ cooler
60
00:05:02,870 --> 00:05:07,430
ุชุจุนุชู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† spiral ุงูˆ helical ูุจุชุงู„ูŠ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ู‡ุฐุง
61
00:05:07,430 --> 00:05:13,270
ุฃูŠุถุง ุงูŠู‡ complex ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุญู„ูˆุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุนู…ู…ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุขู†
62
00:05:13,270 --> 00:05:19,730
ุงู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ human viruses ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู…ุชู„ูƒ helical
63
00:05:19,730 --> 00:05:24,390
arrangement ุงูˆ symmetry ูƒู„ู‡ุง envelopedูƒู„ู‡ุง
64
00:05:24,390 --> 00:05:29,990
enveloped ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู…ุชู„ูƒ ุงูŠูƒูˆุฒุงู‡ูŠุฏุฑุงู„
65
00:05:29,990 --> 00:05:33,270
arrangement ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† enveloped ูˆ ู‚ุฏ ู„ุง ุชูƒูˆู†
66
00:05:33,270 --> 00:05:37,990
enveloped ูˆุถุนุช ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฌุฏุง ูƒู„ ุงู„ helical enveloped
67
00:05:37,990 --> 00:05:43,190
ู„ูƒู† ู„ูŠุณ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุงูŠูƒูˆุฒุงู‡ูŠุฏุฑุงู„ enveloped ููŠ ุจุนุถ ู…ู†ู‡ุง
68
00:05:43,190 --> 00:05:51,510
ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆุจุนุถ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู…ุด enveloped ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฒุงูŠุง ุงู„ุชูŠูŠุญุตู„
69
00:05:51,510 --> 00:05:58,070
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ู…ู† ุจู†ุงุก ู…ู† ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ู€Capsid ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ู†
70
00:05:58,070 --> 00:06:03,690
ุงู„ู€Capsomer ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุชุฎูŠู„ูˆุง ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏุฑุณ ุฎู…ุณ ู…ุณุงู‚ุงุช ููŠ
71
00:06:03,690 --> 00:06:09,650
ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉ ูˆูƒู„ ู…ุณุงู‚ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุญู…ู„ู‡ Flash ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู…
72
00:06:09,650 --> 00:06:14,070
Flash ู‡ุญู…ู„ุŸ ุฎู…ุณ Flashes ูˆู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุญุฌู… ุงู„ู€Flash ูƒุจูŠุฑ
73
00:06:14,070 --> 00:06:20,730
ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุจุฏูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญุฏ ูŠุณุงุนุฏู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุนุทูŠุจ ุชุฎูŠู„ ุชุงู†ูŠ
74
00:06:20,730 --> 00:06:24,390
ุงู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ุณุงู‚ุงุช ุงู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู…ุญู…ูˆู„ูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ูู„ุงุด
75
00:06:24,390 --> 00:06:28,890
ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู†ุง ุฎููุช ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุญู…ู„ .. ุญู…ู„ ู…ู†
76
00:06:28,890 --> 00:06:33,130
ุฐุงูƒุฑุชูŠ .. ุญู…ู„ ู…ู† ุฐุงูƒุฑุชูŠ ู„ู„ memory .. ุงู„ุงู† ู„ู…ุง
77
00:06:33,130 --> 00:06:38,270
ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ protein .. protein ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุตู„ู‡ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุฌูŠู† ู„ู…ุง
78
00:06:38,270 --> 00:06:41,750
ูŠูƒูˆู† protein ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฌูŠู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุชู†ูŠู† protein
79
00:06:41,750 --> 00:06:44,910
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุฌูŠู† ุชู„ุงุชุฉ protein ุงุฑุจุนุฉ ุฌูŠู†
80
00:06:47,580 --> 00:06:53,120
ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุงู† ุงู†ุง ุงุจู†ูŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุจูŠุชุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุจุณูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„
81
00:06:53,120 --> 00:06:56,080
protein ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ gene ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุจูŠุช
82
00:06:56,080 --> 00:07:00,480
ุฃู„ูŠุณ ุฐู„ูƒ ุฅู†ุฌุงุฒุง ูƒุจูŠุฑุง ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ุญู…ู„ู‡ุง
83
00:07:00,480 --> 00:07:05,080
ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจูŠุช ูู‚ุท gene ูˆุงุญุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ it
84
00:07:05,080 --> 00:07:10,320
reduces the need for genetic information ุฑู‚ู… ุงุชู†ูŠู†
85
00:07:10,320 --> 00:07:15,780
ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู…ุบู†ุงุทุณุงุช ุงู„ูƒุฑุงูˆูŠุฉ induces ุฃูˆ
86
00:07:15,780 --> 00:07:20,220
promotes self-assembly ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠ ุงูŠุด
87
00:07:20,220 --> 00:07:26,160
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุชุฌู…ูŠุน ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠุŸูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑูŠุงุช
88
00:07:26,160 --> 00:07:32,280
ุฑู…ู†ุงู‡ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุทุฑู ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุทุฑุงู ูˆุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุงู„ุชู‚ุช ู‡ุฐู‡
89
00:07:32,280 --> 00:07:39,100
ุงู„ูƒูˆุฑูŠุงุช ุจุฏุฃุช ุชุชุณู„ู‚ ููˆู‚ ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุงู„ุจุนุถ ูˆุตุฑุช ุชุนู…ู„ ุดูƒู„
90
00:07:39,100 --> 00:07:45,320
ู…ุนูŠู† ู‡ู„ ุฃู†ุง ุณุงู‡ู…ุช ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ุŸ ุจุฃูŠ ูˆุณูŠู„ุฉ ู…ู†
91
00:07:45,320 --> 00:07:49,840
ุงู„ูˆุณุงุฆู„ ู†ูุชุฑุถ ุงู† ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุจู†ูŠ ุจูŠุช ุงูŠุด ุจุฏู†ุงุŸ block
92
00:07:50,420 --> 00:07:53,080
ูˆุงู„ู€ block ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุญุท ุจูŠู† ุงู„ block ูˆ ุงู„ block ุงุญู†ุง
93
00:07:53,080 --> 00:07:57,580
ู†ุญุท ุณู…ู†ุช ู„ุงุตู‚ ูˆ ุจุฏู†ุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุญุท ุงู„ block ู…ุธุจูˆุท ูˆู„ุง
94
00:07:57,580 --> 00:08:04,100
ู„ุฃุŸ ุจุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุฃุณู…ู†ุช ุงุนุชุจุฑู‡ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ูˆ ุจุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุจู†ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
95
00:08:04,100 --> 00:08:07,480
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุจู†ูŠ ุงุนุชุจุฑู‡ ุงู„ enzyme ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุทุจ ู„ู…ุง
96
00:08:07,480 --> 00:08:12,440
ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุญุงุฆุท ูŠุจู†ู‰ ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ ู„ุง ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุจู†ู‰ ูˆู„ุง ุจุฏู‡
97
00:08:19,280 --> 00:08:24,440
ุงู„ุณูŠู„ู ุฃุณูŠู…ุจู„ูŠ ุจุชูˆูุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
98
00:08:24,440 --> 00:08:28,120
ุงู„ enzymes ูˆ ุงู„ energy ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูŠ ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ enzymes
99
00:08:29,130 --> 00:08:31,990
ูˆุฅูŠุด ู„ูŠุด ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ enzyme ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ enzyme ู‡ูˆ
100
00:08:31,990 --> 00:08:35,050
protein ูˆ ุงู„ protein ุจุฏู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† gene ุจุฑุถู‡ ุตุญ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃ
101
00:08:35,050 --> 00:08:38,950
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆูุฑู†ุง ุฃูŠุถุง genetic information ุฅุฐุง ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง
102
00:08:38,950 --> 00:08:43,470
ู†ูู‡ู… ุฅู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูˆุญุฏุงุช ุงู„ุจู†ุงุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง capsomers
103
00:08:43,470 --> 00:08:48,370
ู…ู…ุชุงุฒุฉ ุฌุฏุง ู„ู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุจู„ ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ ูˆุงุตุทุงุน ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ุฃู†
104
00:08:48,370 --> 00:08:54,720
ูŠุดูƒู„ูˆุง ุฃูˆ ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุชูู‚ุท ู…ู† ูˆุถุน capsomers ููŠ
105
00:08:54,720 --> 00:08:58,460
ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ุจุงู„ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉ self-assembly
106
00:08:58,460 --> 00:09:03,140
ุชุฌู…ูŠุน ุฐุงุชูŠ ู„ุง ุฃู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ูˆู„ุง ุทุงู‚ุฉ ุชู… ุงุญุชูŠุงุฌู‡ุง ูˆุชูƒูˆู†
107
00:09:03,140 --> 00:09:08,140
ููŠุฑูˆุณ ูƒุงู…ู„ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ viral
108
00:09:08,140 --> 00:09:12,820
proteins ูˆู‡ูŠ ู‚ุถูŠุฉ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุฌุฏุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ virology ู…ุง
109
00:09:12,820 --> 00:09:18,260
ู‡ูŠ ูˆุธุงุฆู ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ูˆู„ุง ุชุธู†ูˆุง ุฃู†ู†ูŠ
110
00:09:18,260 --> 00:09:23,880
ุฃุชุญุฏุซ ุนู†ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุจุนูŠู†ู‡ ูˆุงู†ู…ุง ุงุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช
111
00:09:23,880 --> 00:09:28,160
ุจุนุถ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ู‚ุฏ ุชู…ุชู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุตูุงุช ูˆุงู„ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุงุฎุฑ ู‚ุฏ
112
00:09:28,160 --> 00:09:31,120
ู„ุง ูŠู…ุชู„ูƒู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ูƒู†ุง ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ูˆู†ู‚ูˆู„
113
00:09:31,120 --> 00:09:34,980
ูู„ุงุฌู„ุฉ ู…ุซู„ุง ููŠ ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ููŠู‡ุง ูู„ุงุฌู„ุฉ ูˆุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ู…ุงููŠู‡ุง
114
00:09:34,980 --> 00:09:38,720
ุงุด ูู„ุงุฌู„ุฉ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ูƒู†ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ูู„ุงุฌู„ุฉ
115
00:09:38,720 --> 00:09:44,720
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู‡ู… ูˆุธุงุฆู ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ููŠ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช is to
116
00:09:44,720 --> 00:09:48,380
protectู…ุง ู‡ู†ูƒูˆู† ู†ูุณู†ุง ู…ุชูƒู„ู… ู‚ุจู„ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€
117
00:09:48,380 --> 00:09:52,440
Capsid ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญู…ู„ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉ ุฅุฐุง to protect
118
00:09:52,440 --> 00:09:56,380
the nucleic material ุฑู‚ู… ุงุชู†ูŠู† Mediate the
119
00:09:56,380 --> 00:10:01,320
Attachment ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุจุงู„ุถุจุท ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุจุฃูŠ
120
00:10:01,320 --> 00:10:05,520
ุญุงู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุญูˆุงู„ ู„ู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุฃู† ุชุญุฏุซ ุนุฏูˆู‰ ุฅู„ุง ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„
121
00:10:05,520 --> 00:10:10,390
ุฃูˆู„ ุฎุทูˆุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง Attachmentุจุฑุถู‡ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ู…ุญุชุงุฌ
122
00:10:10,390 --> 00:10:15,450
attachment ูƒูŠู ู„ู‡ ุงู† ูŠู„ุชุตู‚ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ proteinุงุช
123
00:10:15,450 --> 00:10:20,450
ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุทุญ ุชุจุนู‡ ุณูˆุงุก ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ capsid ุงูˆ
124
00:10:20,450 --> 00:10:23,930
ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ envelope ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ ู„ุงุญู‚ุง ู„ูƒู† ู‡ูŠ ููŠ
125
00:10:23,930 --> 00:10:29,290
ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ proteinุงุช ุทูŠุจ ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุชุตูŠุจ
126
00:10:29,290 --> 00:10:35,410
ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู† ูˆ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุชุตูŠุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ู†ุจุงุช
127
00:10:35,410 --> 00:10:38,090
specificity
128
00:10:39,730 --> 00:10:45,490
ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง Species Specificity ุจุชุตูŠุจ ุงู„ุนุตุงููŠุฑุŒ ุจุชุตูŠุจุด
129
00:10:45,490 --> 00:10:52,930
ุงู„ุจุท ุงู„ุนุตููˆุฑ ุทูŠุฑุŒ ูˆุงู„ุจุท ุทูŠุฑุŒ ู„ูƒู† Species ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุง
130
00:10:52,930 --> 00:10:57,150
ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุฌุนู„ู‡ุง ุชุตูŠุจ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ู„ู‡ุง ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ุงุช ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง
131
00:10:57,150 --> 00:11:01,530
ุงู„ุทูŠุฑ ูˆู„ูŠุณ ู„ู‡ุง ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ุงุช ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุทูŠุฑ ุฅุฐู† Species
132
00:11:01,530 --> 00:11:08,490
Specificity ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุชุตูŠุจ ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ูˆู„ุง ุชุตูŠุจ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจุŸูƒู…ุงู†
133
00:11:08,490 --> 00:11:12,750
ู…ุฑุฉ ู„ู‡ุง receptor ู„ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ูˆู„ูŠุณ
134
00:11:12,750 --> 00:11:16,690
ู„ู‡ุง receptor ุนู„ูˆูŠุงู† ุนู„ู‰ ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจุŒ ู„ุฐุง ู†ุทู„ุน ุนู„ู‰
135
00:11:16,690 --> 00:11:21,250
ุงู„ุณุทุจูˆุฑุฉ ูˆู†ุดูˆู ุฅู† ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุญุงุฌุชูŠู†ุŒ Species and
136
00:11:21,250 --> 00:11:25,750
Organ SpecificityุŒ ุชู†ุชูŠู†ุŒ ุจุญุฏุฏู‡ุง ุจุฑุถู‡ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช
137
00:11:27,230 --> 00:11:32,150
ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ูƒู…ุงู† ุชุงู„ุชุฉ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู„ุง ุชู‚ู„ ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุงู†ุชูŠุฌูŠู†ุงุช
138
00:11:32,150 --> 00:11:38,350
proteins acts as antigens ูˆู…ุง ุฏุงู… they act as
139
00:11:38,350 --> 00:11:43,350
antigen ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงูŠุด ุงู„ุญูƒู…ุฉ ู…ู† ูˆุฑุงู‡ุง ุงู† ุฌุณู…ู†ุง ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู†
140
00:11:43,350 --> 00:11:47,790
ุงุฌุณุงู… ู…ุถุงุฏุฉ ุจุบุฑุถ ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ to neutralize ุงูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ
141
00:11:47,790 --> 00:11:53,390
neutralizeุŸ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ antigen ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ antigen ูˆุจูŠุฑุชุจุท
142
00:11:54,280 --> 00:11:58,200
ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Receptor ุจูŠุฑุชุจุท ู…ุนุงู‡ ุงู„ู€ Receptor ุงู„ุขู† ู…ุงููŠ
143
00:11:58,200 --> 00:12:02,920
ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุฃูŠ ุญุงุฆู„ ูŠู…ู†ุนู‡ู… ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ูˆุฌูˆุฏ Antibody
144
00:12:02,920 --> 00:12:08,780
ุงุฑุชุจุท ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู€ Antigen ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ู„ู‡ุฐุง
145
00:12:08,780 --> 00:12:12,320
ุงู„ู€ Antigen ุจุญูŠุซ ุงู†ู‡ ูŠู…ู†ุนู‡ ุจุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ู…ู†ูŠู†ุŸ ุจุงู„ู€
146
00:12:12,320 --> 00:12:15,500
Receptor ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ููŠู‡ ุงู† ุงู„ุขู† ุตุงุฑ ููŠ ุงุณุชู‡ุฏุงู
147
00:12:15,500 --> 00:12:19,240
ู„ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Antigen ู…ู† ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุน ุญุชู‰
148
00:12:19,240 --> 00:12:23,710
ูŠู…ู†ุนู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ู…ู†ุนู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุทู‡ูˆ ู…ู†ุน ู„ู„ุนุฏูˆู‰
149
00:12:23,710 --> 00:12:26,850
ู„ุฅู† ุงุญู†ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฃูˆู„ ุฎุทูˆุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุฏูˆู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Attachment
150
00:12:26,850 --> 00:12:30,190
ูˆุจุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุจู†ุงู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Attachment ุทุจุนุง ุงู„
151
00:12:30,190 --> 00:12:33,330
.. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ protein ูƒ ุฃู†ุชุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุชู… ุงู„ induction ู„ู„
152
00:12:33,330 --> 00:12:39,250
immune response ูˆุฏู‡ ุฃู…ุฑ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ enzyme .. ุจุนุถ
153
00:12:39,250 --> 00:12:44,150
ุงู„ protein ุงุญู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ููŠ ุงู„ virus
154
00:12:44,150 --> 00:12:48,770
ุจุชูƒูˆู† structural ุจู†ุงุฆูŠุฉ ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุจู†ูŠ ุงู„
155
00:12:48,770 --> 00:12:53,070
.. ุงู„ ู‡ูŠูƒู„ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠ ู„ู„ virusูˆุงู„ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
156
00:12:53,070 --> 00:12:56,950
enzymes ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุจู†ุงุช ุฃุฐูƒุฑูƒู… ู„ู…ุง ุตู†ูู†ุง
157
00:12:56,950 --> 00:13:00,630
ุฃูˆ ู…ูŠุฒู†ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูˆุจูŠู† ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ูƒู†ุง ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุจุชุญุชูˆูŠ
158
00:13:00,630 --> 00:13:04,990
ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุจูƒุซุฑุฉ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุจุนุถ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช
159
00:13:04,990 --> 00:13:08,930
ุจูŠุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ูˆุฃู†ุง ุฐูƒุฑุชู„ูƒูˆุง ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุจุนุถ
160
00:13:08,930 --> 00:13:15,390
ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุชุญุชุงุฌ ุฃู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุฃุคูƒุฏ ู…ุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง
161
00:13:15,390 --> 00:13:20,510
ุฌูŠุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุบุฑูุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆู„ุฌูŠุช ูƒู„ ุงุญุชูŠุงุฌุงุชูŠ ู„ุฃุฏุงุก ู…ู‡ู…ุชูŠ
162
00:13:21,210 --> 00:13:26,370
ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู…ุชูˆูุฑุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู†ุง ุจุงุฌูŠ ุจุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ุฃุญู…ู„ ูˆู„ุง ุญุงุฌุฉุŒ
163
00:13:26,370 --> 00:13:32,230
ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃุฌูŠุจ ู…ุนูŠ flash ูˆ ุฃุญุทู‡ ุจุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุนุดุงู†
164
00:13:32,230 --> 00:13:35,330
ุฃู‚ุฏุฑ ุฃุนุทูŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุถุทุฑ ุฃุญู…ู„ ุงู„ flash
165
00:13:35,330 --> 00:13:39,930
ู…ุนูŠุŒ ุตุญุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅุฐุง ู…ุงูˆุฌุฏุชุด ุจุบูŠุชูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ู„ุงุฒู…
166
00:13:39,930 --> 00:13:45,470
ุฃุฌูŠุจ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุฏูˆุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุณุงุนุฏู†ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅูƒู…ุงู„ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ุฉุฅุฐุง
167
00:13:45,470 --> 00:13:48,150
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† Structural ุฃูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุฅู†ุฒุงูŠู… ุฒูŠ
168
00:13:48,150 --> 00:13:53,030
ุงู„ู€ PolymerasesุŒ DNA ุฃูˆ RNA Polymerase ููŠู‡ Protein
169
00:13:53,030 --> 00:13:57,730
ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุง ุงุณู…ู‡ Matrix Protein ู„ู…ุง ุฃุญู†ุง ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุฅู† ุจุนุถ
170
00:13:57,730 --> 00:14:02,350
ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠูˆูƒุงุจุณูŠุฏ ู…ุญุงุทุฉ ุจ
171
00:14:02,350 --> 00:14:07,560
Envelope ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู„ ุชุฑู‰ ุงู„ Envelope ู‡ุฐุงููŠ ุงู„ู‡ูˆู‰ ู…ุนู„ุฌ
172
00:14:07,560 --> 00:14:12,520
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูƒุจุณูŠุฏ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุจู†ุงุฆูŠุฉ ุจูŠู†
173
00:14:12,520 --> 00:14:16,580
ุงู„ูƒุจุณูŠุฏ ูˆุจูŠู† ุงู„ envelope ุฃูˆุฑูŠูƒูˆุง ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ู†ุง
174
00:14:16,580 --> 00:14:24,320
ุดุงูŠููŠู†ู‡ุงุŸ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ูƒุจุณูŠุฏ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ envelopeุงู„ุงู† ุงู„ูุฑุงุบ
175
00:14:24,320 --> 00:14:28,940
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ู…ู„ูˆู‚ ุจุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุนุจุงุฑุฉ
176
00:14:28,940 --> 00:14:34,780
ุนู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ matrix ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ูˆู‡ูˆ ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ู…ู‡ู… ุฃูŠุถุง
177
00:14:34,780 --> 00:14:44,180
ู„ุจู‚ุงุก ุงู„ membrane ู…ู„ุชุตู‚ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุดูŠุก
178
00:14:44,180 --> 00:14:49,750
ุบุฑูŠุจ ูˆุนุฌูŠุจ ููŠ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุงู† ุงุญู†ุงูƒู†ุง ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† super
179
00:14:49,750 --> 00:14:52,810
antigen ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cephalococcus aureus toxic shock
180
00:14:52,810 --> 00:14:55,850
syndrome ุชูƒุณูŠู† ูุงูƒุฑูŠู†ู‡ุŸ ูˆุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู…ุงู…ู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง
181
00:14:55,850 --> 00:15:02,270
ุฃูŠุถุง ุจุชูˆุถุญ ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุงู„ุนุงู…ุฉ ูˆุฃุฐุง ูƒุฑูƒูˆุง ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ T
182
00:15:02,270 --> 00:15:06,710
cell ู…ุง ุจุชุดุชุบู„ ู„ุญุงู„ู‡ุง ู„ุงุฒู… ุงู„ antigen presenting
183
00:15:06,710 --> 00:15:10,270
cell ุชู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง ุฃูˆ ุชุนุทูŠู‡ุง ุฃู…ุฑ ุชู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง ุฎุฏูŠ ุงู„ antigen
184
00:15:10,270 --> 00:15:15,480
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู†ุช specific ู„ู‡ ูˆู‚ู… ุงุดุชุบู„ูŠูุงู„ู€ Antigen
185
00:15:15,480 --> 00:15:18,720
Presenting Cell ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุชุฏูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ T-Cells ุงู„ู€ T
186
00:15:18,720 --> 00:15:23,680
-Cells ู‡ู… ุงู„ุฃุตุบุงุฑ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒูŠู† ุงู„ู†ุงุดุทูŠู† ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุงู„ุฃู†ุฆุฏุฉ
187
00:15:23,680 --> 00:15:27,340
ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุงุฑุชุจุทุช ุจุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุทู„ุน ู…ุด specific ุจุชุณูŠุจู‡ุง ูˆ
188
00:15:27,340 --> 00:15:29,660
ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุญุชู‰ ุชุชุนุฑู‘ุจ ุนู„ู‰ ู„ู…ุง ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ู…ูŠู†
189
00:15:29,660 --> 00:15:34,540
ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉ ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ super antigen ู„ู…ุง ูŠู„ุงู‚ูŠ T
190
00:15:34,540 --> 00:15:38,680
-Cell ุฌุฑูŠุจุฉ ู…ู† Antigen Presenting Cell ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ
191
00:15:38,680 --> 00:15:42,840
ุจุฑุจุทู‡ู… ุจุจุนุถ ุจู„ุฒุฌู‡ู… ุจุจุนุถ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฃู†ุด ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุขู†
192
00:15:43,950 --> 00:15:48,830
activation ู„ู„ู€ T-cellsุŒ ู…ุด T-cell ูˆุงุญุฏุฉุŒ T-cellsุŒ
193
00:15:48,830 --> 00:15:52,930
ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ activation ุจูŠุนู…ู„ immune response ู…ุจุงู„ุบ
194
00:15:52,930 --> 00:15:56,430
ููŠู‡ุŒ ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒุŒ toxic shock syndrome ู‚ุฏ ุชู‚ุชู„
195
00:15:56,430 --> 00:16:00,790
ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†ุŒ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฑุฏ ูุนู„ ู…ู†ุนูŠุฉ ู…ุจุงู„ุบ ููŠู‡ุงุŒ ุทุจ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก
196
00:16:00,790 --> 00:16:04,630
ุจูŠุณุฃู„ู‡ุŒ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ุŒ ุทุจ ู„ูŠุด ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ู…ุญุชุงุฌ ูŠุนู…ู„ ู‡ุฐุง
197
00:16:04,630 --> 00:16:09,760
ุงู„ุนู…ู„ุŸูˆุงุฌุฏ ุงู† ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุจุชู…ุชู„ูƒ super antigen
198
00:16:09,760 --> 00:16:18,020
ุจุชุญุชุงุฌ ุงู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู„ู‰ ุฅู„ู‡ุง antigen ุงุณู…ู‡ CD4 CD4
199
00:16:18,020 --> 00:16:23,280
cells ุจุชุญุชุงุฌุช ู„ู„ุชูƒุงุซุฑ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‡ู‰ ุจุชู†ุดุท ุฌู‡ุงุฒ
200
00:16:23,280 --> 00:16:28,700
ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ุญุชู‰ ุชุฎุฑุฌ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ูˆุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุงู„ุณูŠุทุฑุฉ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง
201
00:16:28,700 --> 00:16:32,880
ุฅุฐู† ุจุฑุถู‡ ููŠ ุฐูƒุงุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ูˆุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู†
202
00:16:32,880 --> 00:16:35,910
ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู„ุงุจุญุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชูˆุถุญ ุฃู†ู‡ุงุฅู† ููŠ ุจุนุถ
203
00:16:35,910 --> 00:16:40,010
ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุฅู„ู‡ุง Super Antigen ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ Epstein-Barr
204
00:16:40,010 --> 00:16:44,110
Virus EBV ูŠุง ุจู†ุงุช ุจุงุฎุชุตุฑูˆู‡ ู…ุดู‡ูˆุฑ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู‡ูŠู…ุฑ ู…ุนุงู†ุง
205
00:16:44,110 --> 00:16:49,950
ูƒุชูŠุฑ EBV ูˆ CMV ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ cytomegalovirus ุฃูŠุถุง ู…ู†
206
00:16:49,950 --> 00:16:55,310
ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุงู„ู…ุดู‡ูˆุฑุฉ ูˆ Retrovirus Mouse Memory Tumor
207
00:16:55,310 --> 00:17:01,120
Virus ูˆุงุถุญ ู…ู† ุงุณู…ู‡ ุฅู†ู‡ ู„ู„ูุฆุฑุงู† ู…ุด ุฅู„ู†ุงูˆุฒูŠ ู…ุง
208
00:17:01,120 --> 00:17:04,740
ุญูƒูŠู†ุงูƒูˆุง ุงู„ู†ุธุฑูŠุฉ ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุชุญุชุงุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ CD4
209
00:17:04,740 --> 00:17:10,160
cells ุจูˆุณุชู ุณูŠู„ุฒ ุนุดุงู† ุชุนู…ู„ replication ุฏุงุฎู„ุฉ ููŠ
210
00:17:10,160 --> 00:17:16,640
ูƒู…ุงู† protein ุฃุฎุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุณู„ุณู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู‚ุนู†ุง ุงุณู…ู‡
211
00:17:16,640 --> 00:17:21,230
ุชูŠุฌูŠูˆู…ู†ุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุชูŠุฌูŠูˆู…ู†ุช ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ูุงูƒุฑูŠู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆู„ูˆุฏ ุงู„
212
00:17:21,230 --> 00:17:25,670
matrixุŸ ูˆูŠู† ู…ูˆู„ูˆุฏ ุงู„ matrixุŸ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ .. ุจูŠู† ุงู„ ..
213
00:17:25,670 --> 00:17:29,430
ุงู„ .. ุงู„ envelope ูˆุจูŠู† ุงู„ capsid ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูŠุถุง ู…ูˆู„ูˆุฏ ููŠ
214
00:17:29,430 --> 00:17:32,430
ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง protein ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู†
215
00:17:32,430 --> 00:17:35,790
ู…ูˆู„ูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ matrix protein ุฒุงุฏ ุชุฌูŠ ู…ู†
216
00:17:35,790 --> 00:17:40,250
ุงู„ protein ู„ูƒู† ู„ู‡ ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ regulatory ูƒู„ู…ุฉ
217
00:17:40,250 --> 00:17:44,320
regulatory ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชู†ุธูŠู…ูˆูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุชู†ุธูŠู… ููŠ ุงู„ .. ู‡ูŠ
218
00:17:44,320 --> 00:17:48,020
ุชู†ุธูŠู… ู„ู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช switch on ูˆ switch off ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง
219
00:17:48,020 --> 00:17:51,500
transcription and translational factors ุจุชุนู…ู„
220
00:17:51,500 --> 00:17:55,900
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ control ู„ู„ viral ูˆ ุงู„ cellular process ูŠุนู†ูŠ
221
00:17:55,900 --> 00:18:01,000
ุจุชุณูŠุทุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ููŠ
222
00:18:01,000 --> 00:18:04,820
ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุจุชุชู… ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชู… ููŠู‡ุง ุฃูŠุถุง ุงู„
223
00:18:04,820 --> 00:18:06,100
virus itself
224
00:18:09,280 --> 00:18:13,060
ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุจ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ููŠ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ EnvelopeุŒ
225
00:18:13,060 --> 00:18:14,900
ุงู„ู€ Viral EnvelopeุŒ ูˆุงู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงุชุญุฏุซุช ุนู†ู‡
226
00:18:14,900 --> 00:18:18,880
ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ ุจุงุณุชูุงุฏุฉุŒ ู„ูƒู† ูƒูˆู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† ุถู…ู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ
227
00:18:18,880 --> 00:18:22,980
ู…ู‚ุฏู…ุฉุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ูˆุงุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุฃู†ู‡ ู†ุฐูƒุฑ ุฑู…ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ุนู†
228
00:18:22,980 --> 00:18:30,360
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุจ ุฅูŠู‡ ุจุชุนุฑููˆุง ู…ุตุทู„ุญ buddingุŸ ุชุจุฑุนู…ุŒ ุฃูŠ
229
00:18:30,360 --> 00:18:34,890
ุฃุฎุฑ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุชุจุฑุนู…ุŒ budding ู‡ู†ุงุงู„ุงู†
230
00:18:34,890 --> 00:18:37,930
ู†ุชุฎูŠู„ ุงู„ุบุฑูุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุฌุงุนุฏูŠู† ููŠู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
231
00:18:37,930 --> 00:18:42,910
ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฏุฑุงู† ุชุจุนุชุด ู‡ุชูƒูˆู† cell membrane ุงู„ุงู†
232
00:18:42,910 --> 00:18:46,850
ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ู‡ูˆ ุทุงู„ุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูˆู…ุงููŠุด ุจุงุจ ู„ู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูˆู„ุง
233
00:18:46,850 --> 00:18:51,850
ููŠู‡ ุดุจุงูƒ ูŠุทู„ุน ู…ู†ู‡ ูุฌุฏุงู…ู‡ ุญุงู„ ู…ู† ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูŠุง ุงู…ุง ูŠุฏู…ุฑ
234
00:18:51,850 --> 00:18:57,650
ูˆูŠู…ุฒู‚ ุงู„ membrane ูˆูŠุทู„ุน ุงูˆ ููŠ ุญุงู„ ุชุงู†ูŠ ุงูƒุซุฑ ู„ุทูุง
235
00:18:57,650 --> 00:19:03,770
ุชู…ุงู… ูˆููŠ ูุงุฆุฏุฉ ู„ู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู† ู‡ูˆ ุทุงู„ุนุจูŠุถุบุท ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
236
00:19:03,770 --> 00:19:07,990
cell membrane ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆุจูŠู‚ุทุน ุฌุทุนุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ ุจูŠุบู„ู‚ ููŠู‡ุง
237
00:19:07,990 --> 00:19:12,730
ุญุงู„ู‡ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ envelope ุงู„ุขู† ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุฐูƒูŠ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏุด
238
00:19:12,730 --> 00:19:18,350
ุฌุทุนุฉ ู…ุด ุฅู„ู‡ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุตู„ุง ู…ุด ุฅู„ู‡ ุทุจ ู‡ุงุฐ ูƒูŠู ูŠุฎู„ูŠู‡ุง
239
00:19:18,350 --> 00:19:23,050
ุฅู„ู‡ุŸ ู‡ูˆ ุฌูˆุง ุจุชูƒุงุซุฑ ุจูŠุฑูˆุญ ุจูŠุตู†ุน ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง
240
00:19:23,050 --> 00:19:27,950
glycoproteins ุฃูˆ glycoproteins ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆุจูŠุบุฑุณู‡ุง ููŠ
241
00:19:27,950 --> 00:19:32,760
ุงู„ membranes ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉูู‡ูˆ ุทุงู„ุน
242
00:19:32,760 --> 00:19:36,360
ุจูŠุฏุบุท ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ membrane ูˆุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ูŠุฒูˆุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ membrane
243
00:19:36,360 --> 00:19:39,280
ุงูŠุด ููŠ ุงู„ู€ membrane ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู€ glycoproteins ุงู„ู€
244
00:19:39,280 --> 00:19:44,160
glycoproteins ุจุชุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ membrane ุฅู„ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ viral
245
00:19:44,160 --> 00:19:47,900
membrane ุจุณ ู‡ูˆ ููŠ ูˆุงู‚ุน ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ู…ุฃุฎูˆุฐ ู…ู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„
246
00:19:47,900 --> 00:19:51,920
cell membrane ูƒู„ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฅู„ู‡ุง
247
00:20:00,690 --> 00:20:05,370
ุงู„ู…ุตุฏุฑ ุงู„ุงู†ูู„ูˆุจ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฅู…ุง cell membrane ุฃูˆ
248
00:20:05,370 --> 00:20:09,500
nuclear membrane ู„ูƒู† ูŠุถุงู ู„ู‡ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุชุงู„ู„ูŠ
249
00:20:09,500 --> 00:20:14,920
ุณู…ูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ุฌู„ูŠูƒูˆ ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุฒ ูˆู‡ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุจุฏูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ .. ุชุญุช
250
00:20:14,920 --> 00:20:20,960
ุงู„ electron microscope ูƒุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง spikes ู†ุชูˆุฆุงุช ุฃูˆ
251
00:20:20,960 --> 00:20:25,820
ุฃุดูˆุงูƒ ุชู…ุงู… ู†ุชูˆุฆุงุช ุฃูˆ ุฃุดูˆุงูƒ ุทูŠุจ ุนุฑูู†ุง ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ..
252
00:20:25,820 --> 00:20:30,680
ุนุฑูู†ุง ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุงู„ membrane ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ ุงู„ viral
253
00:20:30,680 --> 00:20:36,280
envelope ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ููˆุงุฆุฏ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุฌู†ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ู…ู†
254
00:20:36,280 --> 00:20:41,840
ุงูƒุชุณุงุจ envelopeุงู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ ุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู† ู…ุณุงูˆุกุŒ
255
00:20:41,840 --> 00:20:47,120
ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ููˆุงุฆุฏ ุงู„ูุงูŠุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰
256
00:20:47,120 --> 00:20:54,620
ุงู†ู‡ ุจูŠุชุฌู†ุจ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉุŒ ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ envelope
257
00:20:54,620 --> 00:20:59,520
ู‡ูˆ envelope ุฃุตู„ุง ู…ู† ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดุฎุต ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ
258
00:20:59,520 --> 00:21:03,320
ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ู…ุด ู‡ูŠุชุนุฑู ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ุบุฑูŠุจุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ
259
00:21:03,320 --> 00:21:09,980
ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ุฃุณู‡ู„ ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู†ุŒ
260
00:21:09,980 --> 00:21:15,460
ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู† ู…ุจุฑูŠู† ูŠู„ุฒู‚ ููŠ ู…ุจุฑูŠู†ุŒ ูŠู„ุชุตู‚ ููŠ ู…ุจุฑูŠู†ุŒ ู…ุด
261
00:21:15,460 --> 00:21:18,900
ู‡ูŠุญุชุงุฌ ReceptorุŒ ู…ุจุฑูŠู† ุจูŠู„ุชุตู‚ ููŠ ู…ุจุฑูŠู†ุŒ ุจูŠูุชุญ
262
00:21:18,900 --> 00:21:22,100
ูˆุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ูŠูˆูˆูŠ ู„ู„ุฏุงุฎู„ุŒ ูˆุญู†ุจู‚ู‰ ู„ู…ุง ู†ูˆุฑูŠูƒูˆุง
263
00:21:22,100 --> 00:21:25,740
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ replication ู„ู„ virusesุŒ ู†ูˆุฑูŠูƒูˆุง ูƒูŠู ุจุชุชู…
264
00:21:25,740 --> 00:21:30,540
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ animationุŒ ุฅุฐู† ู‡ูŠ
265
00:21:30,540 --> 00:21:33,660
ูุงุฆุฏุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ูุงุฆุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ู‡ุฑูˆุจ ู…ู† ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงู‚ุฉ
266
00:21:33,660 --> 00:21:40,000
ุฑู‚ู… ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ ููŠ ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุนู…ู„ ุฏุฎูˆู„ ู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง
267
00:21:40,000 --> 00:21:45,420
ุงู„ุนูŠูˆุจ it confers instability to the virus ูŠุนู†ูŠ
268
00:21:45,420 --> 00:21:51,400
ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุฆุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุบูŠุฑ ุซุงุจุช ูˆุฃูŠ ุฏู…ุงุฑ ู„ู„
269
00:21:51,400 --> 00:21:56,940
membrane ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู‡ุฐุง ุฏู…ุงุฑ ู„ู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ itself ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุณูŠูู‚ุฏ
270
00:21:56,940 --> 00:21:59,900
ู‚ุฏุฑุชู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฅุฑุชุจุงุทุŒ ู…ุงู„ูˆุด ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฅุฑุชุจุงุท ุฅู„ุง ู…ู†
271
00:21:59,900 --> 00:22:05,100
ุฎู„ุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ membraneุฃู†ุง ุจุฌูŠุจ ู…ุซู„ูŠู† ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏูŠ
272
00:22:05,100 --> 00:22:08,990
ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู€ influenzaูˆููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ุฑุดุญ ุทุจุนุง ุงู†ุช ู…ุงุจุชุนุฑูุด
273
00:22:08,990 --> 00:22:13,250
ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… ุฑุดุญ ูˆ Influenza ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูƒูˆุง ุงูŠู‡ุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ
274
00:22:13,250 --> 00:22:16,430
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจุฏูŠ ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู†ุง ู…ุฑุดุญ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู†ุง ู…ูู„ูˆุฒ
275
00:22:16,430 --> 00:22:20,390
ุงูˆ ุงู„ุนูƒุณ ู…ุงุจุชูุฑุฌุด ู…ุนุงู‡ ู„ูƒู† ูˆุงู‚ุน ุงู„ุงู…ุฑ ู‡ู… ู…ุฑุถูŠู†
276
00:22:20,390 --> 00:22:25,790
ู…ุฎุชู„ููŠู† ูˆู…ุณุจุจุงุชู‡ู… ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุง Influenza virus ูˆ
277
00:22:25,790 --> 00:22:30,170
Rhino virus ุงู„ Rhino virus ู‡ูˆ ููŠุฑูˆุณ ู…ุณุจุจ ู„ู„ุฑุดุญ ุงู„
278
00:22:30,170 --> 00:22:36,480
Influenza virus envelopedุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ common cold
279
00:22:36,480 --> 00:22:43,180
virusุŒ non-envelopedุŒ nakedุŒ ู…ูŠู† ุญูŠุถู„ู‡ ู…ู‚ุนุฏ ุฃุทูˆู„
280
00:22:43,180 --> 00:22:47,260
ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุฆุฉุŸ ุงู„ non-enveloped ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
281
00:22:47,260 --> 00:22:50,720
ุงู„ rhino virusุŒ ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ุฑุดุญุŒ ูˆุนู„ู‰ ููƒุฑุฉุŒ ุงู†ุชูˆุง
282
00:22:50,720 --> 00:22:56,480
ุจุชุฑุดุญูˆุง ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ุชุฌุฏูˆุง ู…ุจุฑุฑ ู„ุฅู†ูƒูˆุง
283
00:22:56,480 --> 00:22:57,080
ุฑุดุญุชูˆุง
284
00:22:59,880 --> 00:23:04,580
ู…ุง ู‚ุงุจู„ุชูˆุง ู…ุน ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ู…ุฑุดุญ ู…ู† .. ู…ู† ุฃุดู‡ุฑ
285
00:23:04,580 --> 00:23:08,240
ูˆ ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุฑุดุญุชูˆุง ู„ุฅู† ูƒู†ุชูˆุง ู…ุณุงูƒุชูˆุง surface ุทุงูˆู„ุฉ
286
00:23:08,240 --> 00:23:12,340
ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ูƒุงู† ุฌุงุนุฏ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุญุฏุง ุฃูˆ ุจุงู„ู‚ุฑุจ ู…ู†ู‡ุง
287
00:23:12,340 --> 00:23:18,080
ุญุฏุง ุนุทุณ ูŠูˆู…ูŠู† ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุฃุฑุจุน ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุณุงูƒู†ุง ุงู„ุฃุณุทุญ
288
00:23:18,080 --> 00:23:21,680
ูˆ ูˆุถุนู†ุง ุฃุตุงุจุนู†ุง ุฅู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู† ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุญูƒุฉ ุงู„ุนูŠู†
289
00:23:21,680 --> 00:23:27,430
ุฃูˆ ููŠ ู…ูƒุงู† ุขุฎุฑ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸูุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู†ุง ุจุฏูˆุงุตู„ู‡ ู…ู†
290
00:23:27,430 --> 00:23:32,230
ุงู„ุฑุณุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู†ู‡ ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ุฑุดุญ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุงูŠู…ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„
291
00:23:32,230 --> 00:23:37,330
envelope ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจู‚ุงุก ููŠ ุงู„ุจูŠุฆุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ
292
00:23:37,330 --> 00:23:42,760
ุชุจุน ุงู„ influenza ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ envelope virusูˆุฃูƒุจุฑ ุฏู„ูŠู„
293
00:23:42,760 --> 00:23:45,840
ู‚ู„ู†ุงู„ูƒู… ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุงุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ gas ูˆ
294
00:23:45,840 --> 00:23:48,820
ุงู„ intestinal tract infection ูƒู„ู‡ุง non enveloped
295
00:23:48,820 --> 00:23:51,960
ู„ูˆ enveloped ูƒุงู† ู…ุญุฏ ู…ุง ุงุชู†ุงูˆู„ู†ุงู‡ุง ู…ุน ุงู„ุทุนุงู… ุฃูˆ
296
00:23:51,960 --> 00:23:56,940
ุงู„ุดุฑุจ ุงู„ู…ู„ูˆุซ ูƒุงู† ุฏู… ุฑุซูˆูŠู† ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุนูŠุฏุฉ ุทู„ุนูˆุง
297
00:23:56,940 --> 00:24:03,360
ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุฎุฑ ุณุทุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ Hepatitis A virusPolio virus
298
00:24:03,360 --> 00:24:06,800
ุทุจุนุง Hepatitis A ุฃุญุฏ ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุงู„ู€ Hepatitis ุงู„ู„ูŠ
299
00:24:06,800 --> 00:24:10,460
ุจูŠู†ุชู‚ู„ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุทุนุงู… ูˆุงู„ุดุฑุงุจ Hepatitis A virus ู…ุด
300
00:24:10,460 --> 00:24:13,740
ูƒู„ู‡ู… ุจูŠู†ุชู‚ู„ูˆุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุฌู†ุณ ูˆ ุงู„ุฏู… ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ููŠู‡
301
00:24:13,740 --> 00:24:16,180
ุจูŠู†ุชู‚ู„ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนุดุงู† ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃู†ุง ู‚ู„ุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ
302
00:24:16,180 --> 00:24:20,820
ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู„ุง ุชุดุชุฑูƒ ููŠ ุตูุฉ ุฅู„ุง ุฅู†ู‡ู…
303
00:24:20,820 --> 00:24:26,680
ู‚ุงุฏุฑูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุงุจู„ุงู„ู€ Poliovirus
304
00:24:26,680 --> 00:24:28,880
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุฑุถ ุดูŠุก ู„ู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ูˆููŠู‡ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
305
00:24:28,880 --> 00:24:32,740
CoxsackievirusุŒ EchinovirusุŒ Norwalk Virus ูˆ
306
00:24:32,740 --> 00:24:35,880
Rotavirus ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุจุชุนู…ู„ Gastrointestinal tract
307
00:24:35,880 --> 00:24:41,320
infection ูˆ ูƒู„ู‡ุง naked viruses ุฃูˆ non-enveloped
308
00:24:41,320 --> 00:24:46,840
virus ุทูŠุจ ูƒูŠู ุจูŠู†ุชู‚ู„ูˆุง ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„
309
00:24:46,840 --> 00:24:50,200
enveloped virusesุŸ ูƒูŠู ุจูŠู†ุชู‚ู„ูˆุงุŸ ุทู„ุนูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุจุฑุถู‡
310
00:24:50,200 --> 00:24:53,520
ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ูˆ ุฑูƒุฒูˆุง ูƒูˆูŠุณ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู†ุจูŠู†
311
00:24:53,520 --> 00:24:55,220
ุฅุดูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุฃุญู…ุฑ
312
00:24:58,600 --> 00:25:03,320
ููŠู† ุฏูŠ direct transmissionุŸ ูˆูƒู„ู…ุฉ direct ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุงู†ูŠ
313
00:25:03,320 --> 00:25:06,620
ุงู†ู‡ ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ุจุงุดุฑ ุฒูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ blood
314
00:25:06,620 --> 00:25:10,580
transfusion ุงู†ู‡ ู†ู‚ู„ ุงู„ุฏู… ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ sexual
315
00:25:10,580 --> 00:25:15,520
transmission ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจุฑุถู‡ close contactู…ุซู„ ู…ุซุงู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง
316
00:25:15,520 --> 00:25:18,340
ุงู„ู€ Human Immunodeficiency Virus ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู€
317
00:25:18,340 --> 00:25:21,880
AIDS ุงู„ู€ Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ
318
00:25:21,880 --> 00:25:27,400
ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Herpes ูˆ Hepatitis B and C ู„ุญุธุฉ ู„ูˆ ุนู„ู‰
319
00:25:27,400 --> 00:25:31,680
ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุฉ ูƒู†ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† Hepatitis A ุจู†ุชู‚ู„ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€
320
00:25:31,680 --> 00:25:36,960
Fecal Oral ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุจุฑุงุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู„ูˆุซ ุงู„ุทุนู… ุฃูˆ
321
00:25:36,960 --> 00:25:39,980
ุงู„ุดุฑุจ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰ Sexual Transmission ูˆ
322
00:25:39,980 --> 00:25:44,940
Blood Transmission ุงู„ู€ Insect Bitesุนุถู‘ุนุช ุงู„ุญุดุฑุงุช
323
00:25:44,940 --> 00:25:50,240
ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู€ yellow fever ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุตู†ุน ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุฃูˆ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚
324
00:25:50,240 --> 00:25:54,480
ุงู„ animal bites ู…ุซู„ ุฏู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุณุนุงุฑ ุงูˆ ุงู„
325
00:25:54,480 --> 00:25:58,120
rabies ุงู„ูƒู„ุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุถ ุงู„ู…ุณุนูˆุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุถ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†
326
00:25:58,120 --> 00:26:02,020
ุจูŠู†ู‚ู„ู‡ ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ rabies ูˆ ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ rabies enveloped
327
00:26:02,020 --> 00:26:07,970
virusุฃูŠุถุง ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
328
00:26:07,970 --> 00:26:12,210
envelope ุชู†ุชู‚ู„ ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ุนุจุฑ ุงู„ respiratory droplets
329
00:26:12,210 --> 00:26:17,230
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุฑ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ุชู†ูุณูŠ ู…ุซู„ุงู„ุฅู†ูู„ูˆุงู†ุฒุง ููŠุฑูˆุณ
330
00:26:17,230 --> 00:26:22,050
ุงู„ู…ูŠุณู„ ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู…ูŠุณู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุญุตุจุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆุงู„ุฑูˆุจูŠู„ุง
331
00:26:22,050 --> 00:26:25,350
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุญุตุจุฉ ุงู„ุฃู„ู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฑุณุจูŠุฑุงุชูˆุฑูŠ ุณูŠู†ุณูŠุชูŠุง
332
00:26:25,350 --> 00:26:27,350
ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ู‡ุชุนุฑู ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุฏู‡ ู„ุงุญู‚ุง ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡
333
00:26:27,350 --> 00:26:31,310
ูˆุงู„ูุงุฑุณูŠู„ุงุฒูˆุณุชุฑ ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ููŠุฑูˆุณ ู…ู† ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช
334
00:26:31,310 --> 00:26:34,610
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุชูˆุง ู‚ุตุจุชูˆุง ููŠู‡ุง ูˆุงู†ุชูˆุง ุตุบุงุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฌุฏุฑูŠ
335
00:26:34,610 --> 00:26:38,330
ุงู„ู…ุงุก ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ ุฌุฏุฑูŠ ุงู„ู…ุงุก ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ chickenpox ุจุงู„ู„ุบุฉ
336
00:26:38,330 --> 00:26:44,500
ุงู„ุฅู†ู‚ู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุจุชุซุจุช ู„ู†ุง ุจุงู„ูุนู„ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€
337
00:26:44,500 --> 00:26:48,420
Enveloped viruses ุบูŠุฑ ู‚ุงุฏุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจู‚ุงุก ู„ูุชุฑุงุช
338
00:26:48,420 --> 00:26:54,480
ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู„ุงุจุฏ ู…ู† ูˆุณูŠู„ุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู„ู†ู‚ู„ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุดุฎุต
339
00:26:54,480 --> 00:26:58,560
ู…ุตุงุจ ุฅู„ู‰ ุขุฎุฑ ุฅู…ุง ุนุจุฑ ุงู„ุญุดุฑุงุชุŒ ุนุจุฑ ุงู„ุญูŠูˆุงู†ุงุชุŒ
340
00:26:58,560 --> 00:27:02,540
direct contact ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏู… ุฃูˆ sexual contact
341
00:27:02,540 --> 00:27:04,280
ุฃูˆ ุนุจุฑ ุงู„ respiratory tract
342
00:27:07,440 --> 00:27:10,860
ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุญุงู„ูŠ ุฃู…ุงู…ู†ุง ุจุชูˆุถุญ ุงู†ู‡ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..
343
00:27:10,860 --> 00:27:13,120
ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฐูƒุฑุชู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ุฑุดุญ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
344
00:27:13,120 --> 00:27:17,760
Rhino virus ูˆ Rhino ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ุฃู†ู Rhino ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ุฃู†ู
345
00:27:17,760 --> 00:27:21,560
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุฑุดุญ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู†ู ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ
346
00:27:21,560 --> 00:27:24,700
which are transmitted by respiratory droplets are
347
00:27:24,700 --> 00:27:29,980
naked nucleocapsid viruses ู„ูŠุณ ู„ุฏูŠู‡ุง ุฃูŠ envelope
348
00:27:29,980 --> 00:27:33,820
ูˆุจุงู„ูุนู„ ุชุณุชุทูŠุน ุงู„ุจู‚ุงุก ู„ูุชุฑุงุช ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉ ุฌุฏุง
349
00:27:36,500 --> 00:27:41,360
ู…ุง ุฒู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ viral envelope ูˆุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† type
350
00:27:41,360 --> 00:27:48,360
specificity ุงูˆ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง zero types ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ
351
00:27:48,360 --> 00:27:54,400
ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุฐูƒุฑุชู„ูƒูˆุง ุงู†ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจุชุฎุต ุงู„ HIV ุงู„ aids ุงู†
352
00:27:54,400 --> 00:28:00,500
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃูˆุฌุฏุช ุนู„ูŠ ุทูˆุฑุช ุนู„ู… ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ
353
00:28:00,500 --> 00:28:06,280
ุตุญุŸูˆุทูˆุฑุช ุนู„ู… ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ูˆู…ุน ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ุญุฏ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ูŠุณ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง
354
00:28:06,280 --> 00:28:13,120
vaccine ูุนุงู„ ุถุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุนุฏู… ู…ู‚ุฏุฑุชู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฅู†ุชุงุฌ
355
00:28:13,120 --> 00:28:17,260
vaccine ุฃูˆ ู„ู‚ุงุญู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู„ู‡ุง ุฃุณุจุงุจ ู…ุชู†ูˆุนุฉ ู„ูƒู† ุฃุญุฏ
356
00:28:17,260 --> 00:28:23,580
ุฃุดู‡ุฑ ุฃูˆ ุฃู‡ู… ุงู„ุฃุณุจุงุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุณู„ุงู„ุงุช ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ
357
00:28:23,580 --> 00:28:29,740
ูˆู…ุชู†ูˆุนุฉ Serotypes ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฏุฑุณู†ุงู‡ุง ูƒุงู†
358
00:28:29,740 --> 00:28:32,360
ุจุฑุถู‡ ููŠ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ุง Serotypes ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุณู„ู…ูˆู†ูŠู„ุง ู…ุซู„ุง
359
00:28:32,360 --> 00:28:38,780
ูˆุงู„ุดุฌู„ุฉ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ several Serotypes
360
00:28:38,780 --> 00:28:45,790
ุชุณู…ุนูˆุง ุจุงู„ influenza vaccine ูƒู„ ุณู†ุฉุจูŠู†ุฒู„ vaccine
361
00:28:45,790 --> 00:28:51,470
ู…ุฎุชู„ู ุนู† ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงุจู„ู‡ุง ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุงุช
362
00:28:51,470 --> 00:28:55,930
ุงู„ู…ุตู†ุนุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ vaccine ุจุชุญุงูˆู„ ุชุฌู…ุน ุงู„ุณู„ุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ุชูŠ
363
00:28:55,930 --> 00:29:00,130
ูƒุงู†ุช ุณุงุฑูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ููŠ ุงู„ุนุงู„ู… ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠ ูˆุจุชุนู…ู„ ุถุฏู‡ุง
364
00:29:00,130 --> 00:29:06,090
ุฃูˆ ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง .. ุจุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ู…ุถุนูุฉ ุฃูˆ ู…ูŠุชุฉ ูˆ ุจุชู„ู‚ุญ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ
365
00:29:06,090 --> 00:29:13,000
ููŠู‡ุง ู„ูŠุดุŸ ุนุดุงู† ุชุญู…ูŠู‡ู… ู…ู† possible possible ู„ูƒู†ูƒุซูŠุฑ
366
00:29:13,000 --> 00:29:14,760
ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุฎุฏูˆุง ุงู„ vaccine ุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
367
00:29:14,760 --> 00:29:18,860
influenzaุŒ ุฏู„ุงู„ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅู† ุงู„ุณู„ุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ..
368
00:29:18,860 --> 00:29:22,960
ุงู„ู„ูŠ .. ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตุงุฑ ู„ู‡ุง protection ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ู‚ุฏุฑุช ุณู„ุงู„ุฉ
369
00:29:22,960 --> 00:29:27,180
ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ู…ุงููŠู‡ protectionุŒ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฃุตูŠุจูˆุง ุจุงู„
370
00:29:27,180 --> 00:29:32,200
influenzaุงู„ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ู‡ู†ุง ุจุงู„ู€ Serotypes ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชู†ูˆู‘ุน
371
00:29:32,200 --> 00:29:38,780
ู„ู„ุฃู†ุชุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุฃุญุฏ ู…ุณุจุจุงุช ุงู„ุชู†ูˆู‘ุน ู‡ูˆ
372
00:29:38,780 --> 00:29:43,340
ุงู„ู€ Glycoproteins ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู„ูƒู… ุจุชุบุฑุณู‡ุง ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช
373
00:29:43,340 --> 00:29:47,280
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cell membrane ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ envelope ุฅุฐู† ุงู„
374
00:29:47,280 --> 00:29:50,920
envelope ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนู† Serotype
375
00:29:50,920 --> 00:29:56,680
variation ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชู†ูˆู‘ุน ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Serotypes ู…ุซุงู„ุงู„ู€
376
00:29:56,680 --> 00:30:00,880
poliovirus type 1 and 2 and 3 are distinguished by
377
00:30:00,880 --> 00:30:07,880
the antigenicity of their capsid proteinsุŒ it is
378
00:30:07,880 --> 00:30:10,660
important to know the number of serotypes of a
379
00:30:10,660 --> 00:30:14,920
virus because vaccine should contain the prevalent
380
00:30:14,920 --> 00:30:15,940
serotype
381
00:30:19,700 --> 00:30:24,120
ุงู„ุดุงุฆุนุฉ ุงู„ู€ prevalent serotype ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ูŠุชุจุน ุนู„ูŠู†ุง
382
00:30:24,120 --> 00:30:29,800
ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ุงู„ุดุงุฆุน ุงู„ common ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุณุจุจ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ู„ู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุญุชู‰
383
00:30:29,800 --> 00:30:33,220
ู†ู‚ุฏุฑ ู†ุญุทู‡ ููŠ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ููŠ ุงู„ vaccine ู‡ุชุนุทูŠ ู…ุซุงู„ ู…ุงุนุฑูุด
384
00:30:33,220 --> 00:30:38,340
ู…ู† ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ููŠู‡ ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุงุณู…ู‡ุง Stretococcus
385
00:30:38,340 --> 00:30:43,700
pneumonia ููŠู‡ุง 84 serotype ูŠุง ุจู†ุงุช 84 serotype ู‡ู„
386
00:30:43,700 --> 00:30:48,900
ูŠูุนู‚ู„ ุฅู† ู†ุนู…ู„ vaccine ู†ุญุท ููŠู‡ 84 ุฃู†ุชุฌูŠู† ุนุดุงู† ู…ุฑุถ
387
00:30:48,900 --> 00:30:55,570
ูˆุงุญุฏุŸู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠู†ู‡ูŠุฌ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ ูุจู†ุฑูˆุญ ุจู†ุฏูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูƒุชุฑ
388
00:30:55,570 --> 00:31:00,330
ุงู„ุณู„ุงู„ุงุช ุดูŠูˆุนุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุนุดุฑุฉุŒ ุณุจุนุฉุŒ ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ
389
00:31:00,330 --> 00:31:04,190
ูˆุจู†ุฌู…ุนู‡ู… ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูˆุจู†ุนุทูŠ vaccine ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ู†ุนุทูŠู‡ ุถุฏ
390
00:31:04,190 --> 00:31:07,810
ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ูˆ ุชู…ุงู†ูŠู† vaccine ุฅุฐุง ูƒู„ู…ุฉ prevalent ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง
391
00:31:07,810 --> 00:31:12,950
ุงู„ุดุงุฆุน ูˆู„ุง ุฏูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ู†ุญุชุงุฌ
392
00:31:12,950 --> 00:31:18,170
ุงู„ุณู„ุงู„ุงุช ุฃู† ู†ุญุทู‡ุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถุŸ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุฅู†ู‡ ู…ุงููŠุด ุญุงุฌุฉ
393
00:31:18,170 --> 00:31:24,160
ุงุณู…ู‡ุง cross protectionุนุดุงู† cross protection ูŠุนู†ูŠ
394
00:31:24,160 --> 00:31:31,160
ู„ูˆ ุงู†ุง ุงุชุทุนู…ุช ุงุชุญุตู†ุช ุถุฏ ุณู„ุงู„ุฉ X ู…ุด ู‡ุชุญู…ูŠู†ูŠ ู…ู†
395
00:31:31,160 --> 00:31:36,880
ุณู„ุงู„ุฉ Y ูู„ุงุฒู… ุงุชุทุนู… ุถุฏ ุณู„ุงู„ุฉ X ูˆ ุถุฏ Y ู…ุงููŠุด ุดูŠ
396
00:31:36,880 --> 00:31:41,380
ุจูŠู†ู‡ู… cross protection ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ููŠ
397
00:31:41,380 --> 00:31:48,130
ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณViruses that have multiple serotypes, have
398
00:31:48,130 --> 00:31:52,950
antigenic variants, have an enhanced ability to
399
00:31:52,950 --> 00:31:56,930
evade our host defenses because antibody against
400
00:31:56,930 --> 00:32:00,250
one serotype will not protect against another
401
00:32:00,250 --> 00:32:05,730
serotype ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุฅู† ู…ุงููŠุด cross protection ุฅู†
402
00:32:05,730 --> 00:32:11,150
ุงู„ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุถุฏ ุณู„ุงู„ุฉ ู„ู† ุชุญู…ูŠูƒ ุถุฏ ุณู„ุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡
403
00:32:11,150 --> 00:32:20,820
ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉู†ุฌูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุดุงุฆุนุฉ ููŠ
404
00:32:20,820 --> 00:32:25,160
ุงู„ู€ VirologyุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุฃู‚ู„ ุดูŠูˆุนุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ virus itselfุŒ
405
00:32:25,160 --> 00:32:28,480
ูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง atypical virus-like agentsุŒ ุฅูŠุด ู…ุนู†ู‰
406
00:32:28,480 --> 00:32:35,000
atypicalุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุง ุชุดุจู‡ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุบูŠุฑ ู†ู…ุทูŠุฉุŒ ุบูŠุฑ ู†ู…ุทูŠุฉ
407
00:32:35,000 --> 00:32:41,800
Defective viruses, pseudovirion, viroids ูˆ prions
408
00:32:41,800 --> 00:32:48,220
ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ู€ defective viruses ูƒู„ู…ุฉ defective ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง
409
00:32:48,220 --> 00:32:56,480
ุฎุฑุจุงู†ุŒ ุบูŠุฑ ูุนุงู„ุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู…ุง ุงู„ู…ู‚ุตูˆุฏ ุจู€ defective
410
00:32:56,480 --> 00:33:00,220
virusุŸ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู€ replication ู‡ู†ุดูˆู ุฃู†
411
00:33:00,220 --> 00:33:05,770
ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุชุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ูƒุงุจุณูŠุช ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง ูˆุจุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ
412
00:33:05,770 --> 00:33:09,910
ุงู„ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉ ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุจุชุนู…ู„ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ packaging
413
00:33:09,910 --> 00:33:14,390
ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ packagingุŸ ุจุชุญุท ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
414
00:33:14,390 --> 00:33:18,950
ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง ุฌูˆุง ุงู„ูƒุงุจุณูŠุช ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง ูˆุจุชุญุทู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฌุงู†ุจ ุฒูŠ ููŠ
415
00:33:18,950 --> 00:33:24,790
ุงู„ู…ุตุงู†ุนุŒ ุจู†ุบู„ูุŒ ุชุบู„ูŠูุŒ packaging ุงู„ุขู† ุนุดุงู† ุชุนู…ู„
416
00:33:24,790 --> 00:33:28,130
ู…ุงุฏุฉ ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุจุชุณุงูˆูŠ ู‡ูŠุŸ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุชุŒ ุจุชู‚ุทุน
417
00:33:28,130 --> 00:33:32,960
ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠู‡ุงู‚ุฏ ูŠู†ุชุฌ
418
00:33:32,960 --> 00:33:38,240
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชู‚ุทูŠุน ุจู†ุงุช ู‚ุทุน ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ DNA ุชุจุน ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุด ุนุงู„
419
00:33:38,240 --> 00:33:44,420
ููŠุฑูˆุณ ู…ุดุงุจู‡ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ูˆุงู„ุทูˆู„ ูˆุงู„ุญุฌู… ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ
420
00:33:44,420 --> 00:33:54,550
ูุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ูŠุนุจูŠ ุฌูˆุง ุงู„ูƒุจุณูŠุฏู…ุงุฏุฉ ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ
421
00:33:54,550 --> 00:34:00,810
ุจูŠุนู…ู„
422
00:34:00,810 --> 00:34:05,310
infection ู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจูŠุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉ ุชุจุนุชู‡
423
00:34:08,420 --> 00:34:11,760
ู…ุงุฏุฉ ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉ ุชุจุนุช ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง ุงุช ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุนุงุฏูŠุฉ
424
00:34:11,760 --> 00:34:15,480
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู„ู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงูŠ ุชูƒุงุซุฑ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ
425
00:34:15,480 --> 00:34:21,840
ูุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ defective virus ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ุจุนุถ ู‡ูŠุธู† ุงู† ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
426
00:34:21,840 --> 00:34:27,120
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ู†ุงุฏุฑุฉ ุงู„ุญุฏูˆุซ ุทุจุนุง ู‚ุฏ ูŠุตู„ ููŠ ุจุนุถ
427
00:34:27,120 --> 00:34:30,940
ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุงู„ replication ููŠ ุงู„ replication
428
00:34:30,940 --> 00:34:35,880
ู„ู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุงู† ู„ูƒู„ ู…ุงุฆุฉ ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุฎุฑุจุงู† ูŠุทู„ุน ููŠุฑูˆุณ ูˆุงุญุฏ
429
00:34:35,880 --> 00:34:37,140
ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ
430
00:34:38,950 --> 00:34:44,350
ู…ุชุฎูŠู„ูŠู† ูƒูŠู ุงู„ูˆุถุนุŸ ุงู† ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุงู„ูุงุณุฏุฉุŒ
431
00:34:44,350 --> 00:34:49,410
ุงู„ุบูŠุฑ ุณู„ูŠู…ุฉุŒ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ู…ุน ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู…ุน ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช
432
00:34:49,410 --> 00:34:54,330
ุงู„ุณู„ูŠู…ุฉ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูุณุฑูˆุง ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…ูˆู‡ ุงู„ุนู„ู…ุงุก ููŠ ุชูุณูŠุฑ
433
00:34:54,330 --> 00:34:59,430
ู…ู‡ู… ุฌุฏุงุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุชูุณูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุงุŸ ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุฃุดู ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู…ู†
434
00:34:59,430 --> 00:35:04,650
ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณูŠุฉ ุฏูˆู† ู…ุง ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุนู„ุงุฌุŸ ุฃูƒู…ุฑุฉ
435
00:35:04,650 --> 00:35:09,850
ุฑุดุญู†ุงุŒ ุฃูƒู…ุฑุฉ ูู„ูˆุฒู†ุงุŒ ูˆุงุดูˆููŠู†ุง ุจุฏูˆู† ุฃูŠ ุนู„ุงุฌุฉุŸู‚ู„ู†ุง
436
00:35:09,850 --> 00:35:13,750
ุฅู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ defective virus ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุณุจุจ ููŠ ุฃู†ู†ุง
437
00:35:13,750 --> 00:35:19,530
ุดูˆููŠู†ุง ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุชุŒ ูƒูŠูุŸ ู†ูุชุฑุถ ุฅู† ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุฏุฎู„
438
00:35:19,530 --> 00:35:25,510
ุฎู„ูŠุฉุŒ ุชูƒุงุซุฑุŒ ุทู„ุน ุนุดุฑูŠู† ูƒูˆูŠุณูŠู† ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ู…ุด ูƒูˆูŠุณูŠู†ุŒ
439
00:35:25,510 --> 00:35:29,370
ู„ุฃู† ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ู…ูŠุฉ ู„ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุจู†ุนุฑูู‡ุง
440
00:35:29,370 --> 00:35:32,190
ุฃุญู†ุงุŒ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุจู†ุนุฑูู‡ุงุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ู…ูŠุฉุŒ
441
00:35:32,190 --> 00:35:36,930
ุงู„ุนูƒุณุŒ ุทู„ุน ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ูˆุฎู…ุณูŠู†ุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠุณูŠู†
442
00:35:36,930 --> 00:35:41,340
ู‡ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง infection ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸู„ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงู„ุฎู…ุณูŠู†
443
00:35:41,340 --> 00:35:47,480
ุงู„ุฎุฑุจุงู†ูŠู† ู‡ูŠุฏุฎู„ูˆุง ุฎู…ุณูŠู† ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู„ูƒู† ู…ุด ู‡ูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง
444
00:35:47,480 --> 00:35:52,160
infection ุจุณ ุนุงุฑููŠู† ููŠ ู†ูุณูƒู… ุงูŠุด ุนู…ู„ู‡ู…ุŸ ู…ู†ุนูˆุง ุฃูŠ
445
00:35:52,160 --> 00:35:57,360
ููŠุฑูˆุณ ูŠุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฏุฎู„ูˆู‡ุง ู‡ู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุตุงุฑ ููŠู‡
446
00:35:57,360 --> 00:36:01,720
ุชู†ุงูุณ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ุณู„ูŠู… ูˆู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
447
00:36:01,720 --> 00:36:07,020
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูุงุณุฏ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู‚ู„ู„ู†ุง ู…ู† ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง
448
00:36:07,020 --> 00:36:12,150
ุงู„ุฃุฎุฑู‰ูˆูƒู„ ู…ุง ุฒุงุฏุช ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ infection ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุฒุงุฏ ุนุฏุฏ
449
00:36:12,150 --> 00:36:16,890
ู…ู† ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุงู„ุฎุฑุจุงู†ุฉ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฒุงุฏ ุงู„ุชู†ุงูุณ ูุจูŠู‚ู„
450
00:36:16,890 --> 00:36:22,730
ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ูุนุงู„ุฉ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู…ุฏุนุง ู„ู„ุดูุงุก ุฏูˆู†
451
00:36:22,730 --> 00:36:27,570
ู…ุง ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุนู„ุงุฌ ูˆุตู„ ุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ defective
452
00:36:27,570 --> 00:36:31,310
viruses ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† ุณุจุจ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ defective
453
00:36:31,310 --> 00:36:35,990
virus ู‡ุฐุง ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ููŠุฑูˆุณ ููŠู‡ ุฎู„ู„ ุตุงุฑ ููŠู‡ mutation
454
00:36:35,990 --> 00:36:42,040
ุตุงุฑ ููŠู‡ mutationุงู„ู…ูŠูˆุชุงุดู† ุฎู„ุชู‡ ุบูŠุฑ ู‚ุงุฏุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู†ู‡
455
00:36:42,040 --> 00:36:46,860
ูŠุนู…ู„ replication ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุจุฐุงุชู‡ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู†
456
00:36:46,860 --> 00:36:51,560
ู…ุนุงู‡ุง helper virus ุงูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ helper virusุŸ ู…ุณุงุนุฏ
457
00:36:51,560 --> 00:36:56,560
ูˆุงูุถู„ ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ู…ุซุงู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠุฑูˆุณูŠู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุณู…ู‡
458
00:36:56,560 --> 00:37:03,420
hepatitis B ูˆูˆุงุญุฏ ุงุณู…ู‡ hepatitis Dุฅุฐุง ูˆุฌุฏู†ุง ุฏูŠ ุนู†ุฏ
459
00:37:03,420 --> 00:37:08,220
ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุจูŠ ู„ุฃู† ุฏูŠ .. ุงุชุฐูƒุฑูˆุง ุฏูŠ
460
00:37:08,220 --> 00:37:13,380
defective ุฏูŠ defective ู‚ุฑุจุงู† ูˆ ู„ู† ูŠุณุชุทูŠุน ุฃู† ูŠู‚ูˆู…
461
00:37:13,380 --> 00:37:18,680
ุจุนู…ู„ ุนุฏูˆู‰ ู„ู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุฅู„ุง ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุจูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
462
00:37:18,680 --> 00:37:24,580
ุจูŠุณุงุนุฏู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุญุฏูˆุซ ุงู„ุชูƒุงุซุฑ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฅุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„
463
00:37:24,580 --> 00:37:30,840
defective virusุงู„ู€ pseudovirion ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู†
464
00:37:30,840 --> 00:37:36,900
ุจุฑุฉ ูˆ ููŠ ุฌูˆุง ู…ุงุฏุฉ ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ
465
00:37:36,900 --> 00:37:42,800
ุฐูƒุฑุช ุจุฃู†ู‡ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ู…ุชูุณูŠุฑ ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุดูู‰
466
00:37:42,800 --> 00:37:48,740
ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุจุฏูˆู† ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุนู„ุงุฌ ู„ุฃู† ูŠุตุจุญ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€
467
00:37:48,740 --> 00:37:54,260
pseudovirion ู…ู†ุงูุณ ู„ู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ ู…ู† ุญูŠุซ ุนุฏู… ุณู…ุงุญ
468
00:37:54,260 --> 00:38:01,100
ู„ู‡ ุจุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุงู„ู€ Viroids ุญุงุฌุฉ ุบุฑูŠุจุฉ ููŠ
469
00:38:01,100 --> 00:38:05,580
ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† single molecule of circular
470
00:38:05,580 --> 00:38:10,480
RNA without a protein coat or envelope ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุงุฏุฉ
471
00:38:10,480 --> 00:38:15,580
ูˆุฑุงุซูŠุฉ ุจุณ ู…ุงู„ู‡ุงุด ูƒุจุณูŠุฏ ูˆู„ุง ุฅู„ู‡ุง envelope ูˆ ู‚ุงุฏุฑุฉ
472
00:38:15,580 --> 00:38:19,740
ุนู„ู‰ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชุนู…ู„ infection ู„ู„ู†ุจุงุชุงุชุŒ ุบุงู„ุจุง ุงู„ู€
473
00:38:19,740 --> 00:38:25,170
Viroids ุจุชุตูŠุจุด ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุจุชุตูŠุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู†ุจุงุชุฉูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก
474
00:38:25,170 --> 00:38:29,750
ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ atypical virus-like particles ุงู„ู„ูŠ
475
00:38:29,750 --> 00:38:34,310
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ prions ูˆ ุงู„ู€ prions ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุตุฏู…ุฉ ูˆ ู†ู‚ู„ุฉ
476
00:38:34,310 --> 00:38:39,190
ู†ูˆุนูŠุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุนู„ูˆู… ุงู„ุญูŠุงุชูŠุฉ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุฃุซุจุชุช ู„ู†ุง ุฃู†
477
00:38:39,190 --> 00:38:44,150
ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุชูˆุงู„ุชูŠ ู„ุง ุชู…ุชู„ูƒ ุฃูŠ ุตูุฉ ู…ู† ุตูุงุช
478
00:38:44,150 --> 00:38:49,930
ุงู„ุญูŠุงุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฎู„ูˆูŠุฉ ุชู…ุงู… ุงุณุชุทุนุช ุฃู† ุชุญุฏุซ ุจุฑุถ ู„ู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†
479
00:38:49,930 --> 00:38:56,050
ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ูู‚ุท ุชุบูŠูŠุฑ confirmation ุดูƒู„ ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ
480
00:38:56,050 --> 00:39:02,070
ุตุงุฑุช ู‡ูŠูƒ ุชู…ุงู… ู„ู…ุง ูŠุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุชุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ูˆู‡ุฐุง
481
00:39:02,070 --> 00:39:07,330
ุงู„ abnormal protein ุจูŠุชูƒุงุซุฑ ุจุชุญูˆูŠู„ ุงู„ normal ุฅู„ู‰
482
00:39:07,330 --> 00:39:16,110
abnormalูˆู…ู† ู…ุฒุงูŠุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู‚ุงูˆู… ู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช
483
00:39:16,110 --> 00:39:20,310
ุงู„ู€ disinfection ูˆุงู„sterilization ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ุง
484
00:39:20,310 --> 00:39:23,720
ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ุณุชู…ุฑูุจุชุงุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ุง resistance to
485
00:39:23,720 --> 00:39:28,100
formaldehyde and nucleasesุŒ they are inactivatedุŒ
486
00:39:28,100 --> 00:39:32,260
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ู‚ุชู„ู‡ู… ุฃูˆ ู†ุฏู…ุฑู‡ู…ุŒ ู‡ู… ุฃุตู„ุง ู…ุด ุฃุญูŠุงุก ุนุดุงู†
487
00:39:32,260 --> 00:39:35,640
ู†ู‚ุชู„ู‡ู…ุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุจู†ุฏู…ุฑู‡ู… ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„chlorุŒ
488
00:39:35,640 --> 00:39:39,320
ุงู„ู€hypochlorite ุฃูˆ ุงู„ Sodium hydroxide ูˆุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„
489
00:39:39,320 --> 00:39:46,200
auto-clavingุจู†ูู‡ู… ุงู†ู‡ ุตุงุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ุงุฆู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ
490
00:39:46,200 --> 00:39:49,920
ู„ู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงูˆู…ุฉ ู„ู„ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Prions
491
00:39:49,920 --> 00:39:52,920
ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ Indospore Forming ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
492
00:39:52,920 --> 00:39:55,880
ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ Indospore Forming ู‡ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„
493
00:39:55,880 --> 00:39:59,000
PrionsุŸ ูˆ ุงู„ Prions ุทุจุนุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุฅุญุฏุงุซ
494
00:39:59,000 --> 00:40:02,720
ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ุฎุทูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ Transmissible
495
00:40:02,720 --> 00:40:06,960
Spongiform Encephalopathy ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ ุฌู†ูˆู†
496
00:40:06,960 --> 00:40:12,410
ุงู„ุจู‚ุฑ Mad Cow Disease ูˆููŠู‡ ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ู…ุฑุถ ุจุดุฑูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
497
00:40:12,410 --> 00:40:17,710
ุงุณู…ู‡ Creutzfeld Jakob Disease ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุฃุบู†ุงู… ุฃูŠุถุง
498
00:40:17,710 --> 00:40:23,930
ููŠู‡ุง ุงุณู… Scrapay ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุบู†ุงู… ุจุฑุถู‡ ุฎุฑู ุจุณุจุจ ุฌู†ูˆู†
499
00:40:23,930 --> 00:40:28,670
ู„ู„ุฃุบู†ุงู… ุทุจุนุง ููŠ ู†ุธุฑูŠุงุช ุนู† ู†ุดูˆุก ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ Prions ุงู†
500
00:40:28,670 --> 00:40:32,650
ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุฏุฎู„ ุจุชุนู…ู‚ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู„ุฃู†
501
00:40:32,650 --> 00:40:38,010
ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู‡ ูุตู„ ุฎุงุต ููŠู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ Prions ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู‡ู†ุชุทู„ุน
502
00:40:38,010 --> 00:40:43,280
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุทุจุนุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุบุงู„ุจุง ูƒู„ ู…ุง .. ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
503
00:40:43,280 --> 00:40:47,280
ููŠู‡ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุฐูƒุฑู†ุงู‡ ุนู† ุงู„ูุฑูˆู‚ุงุช ุจูŠู† ุงู„ ุจุฑูŠูˆู†ุงุช ูˆุงู„
504
00:40:47,280 --> 00:40:51,520
conventional viruses ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ุจุฑูŠูˆู†ุงุช ู…ุงููŠู‡ุงุด
505
00:40:51,520 --> 00:40:57,720
ู†ูˆูƒู„ูŠูƒ ุฃุณุฏ normally encoded by our genesุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
506
00:40:57,720 --> 00:41:01,760
ุฌูŠู†ุงุชู†ุงุŒ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ู„ู‡ุง their own geneุงู„ู€ ุงู„
507
00:41:01,760 --> 00:41:04,460
.. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ inactivation ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุณู‡ู„
508
00:41:04,460 --> 00:41:07,820
ู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง inactivation ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ bryons ุตุนุจ ู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง
509
00:41:07,820 --> 00:41:12,260
inactivation ุชุญุช ุงู„ู…ูŠูƒุฑูˆุณูƒูˆุจ ุงู„ุฅู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠ ุจู†ุดูˆู ุงู„
510
00:41:12,260 --> 00:41:16,220
bryons ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† filaments ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุฅู„ู‡ุง ุดูƒู„
511
00:41:16,220 --> 00:41:20,120
ู…ุญุฏุฏ ุฅู…ุง a causal hydral ุฃูˆ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ ุงู„ helical ุฃูˆ
512
00:41:20,120 --> 00:41:24,300
ุงู„ complex morphology infection induces antibody
513
00:41:24,300 --> 00:41:29,200
ุจุงู„ bryons ู„ุฃู† ู‡ูˆ ุฃุตู„ุง ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ุฎู„ูŠุงู†ุฉ ุงุญู†ุง ุงู„ bryons
514
00:41:29,200 --> 00:41:32,940
ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุฎู„ูŠุงู†ุฉ ูุจุชุงู„ูŠ ูƒูŠู ุฎู„ูŠุงู†ุฉ ุจุชุนู…ู„ู‡ ุฃุฌุณุงู… ู…ุถุงุฏุฉ
515
00:41:32,940 --> 00:41:36,860
ูู„ู† ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจูŠุนู…ู„ ุฃุฌุณุงู… ู…ุถุงุฏุฉ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณุงุช ุบุงู„ุจุง
516
00:41:36,860 --> 00:41:41,640
ุจูŠุตูŠุฑู„ู‡ุง ุฃุฌุณุงู… ู…ุถุงุฏุฉ ู…ุงููŠุด inflammation ุฃูŠุถุง ููŠ ุงู„
517
00:41:41,640 --> 00:41:44,040
bryons ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ููŠ inflammation ููŠ ุงู„ conventional
518
00:41:44,040 --> 00:41:44,920
virus
519
00:41:48,110 --> 00:41:52,810
ุงู„ู€ Prions ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุชูˆุถูŠุญ ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุฐูƒุฑุชู‡ ุนู†
520
00:41:52,810 --> 00:41:56,950
ุทุจูŠุนุชู‡ุง ุฃู† ู‡ูŠ proteinุŒ cellular proteins ูˆ ุจุชุชุฑุงูˆุญ
521
00:41:56,950 --> 00:42:01,010
ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุณุจุนุฉ ูˆ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุฃู„ู ู„ุชู„ุงุชูŠู† ุฃู„ู ูƒูŠู„ูˆ ุฏุงู„ุชูˆู†
522
00:42:01,010 --> 00:42:07,550
ุบุงู„ุจุง single cellular genes ู„ู‡ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ุบุฑูŠุจุฉ ุฃู†
523
00:42:07,550 --> 00:42:12,800
ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจูŠู†ูˆุงู„ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุตุงุจูŠู† ู…ุง ู„ุงุฌูŠู†ุงุด ูุฑูˆู‚ ููŠ
524
00:42:12,800 --> 00:42:18,680
ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ู„ุง ุงู„ุฌูŠู† ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ protein ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ RNA ุชุจุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ
525
00:42:18,680 --> 00:42:23,200
ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ ุงู„ .. ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู…ุคุดุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู†ู‡ ูู‚ุท ุงู„ confirmation
526
00:42:23,200 --> 00:42:27,520
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจุงู„ ุงู„ brain ู‡ู„ ู‡ูˆ normal ูˆู„ุง
527
00:42:27,520 --> 00:42:30,900
abnormal ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุณุฆูˆู„ ูˆุจู‡ูƒ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุจู†ูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุชู‡ูŠู†ุง
528
00:42:30,900 --> 00:42:34,560
ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ structure of
529
00:42:34,560 --> 00:42:37,820
viruses ูˆุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู†ูƒู…ู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู…ุฉ ูˆู‡ูŠูƒูˆู†
530
00:42:37,820 --> 00:42:41,070
ู…ูˆุถูˆุนู†ุงุนู† ุงู„ู€ replication of virus