abdullah's picture
Add files using upload-large-folder tool
a7a7052 verified
1
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:04,820
ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุชุนุงู…ู„ูˆู† ุจู€ Minor Trauma ูˆุงู„ุฏูŠ ูˆุงู„ุฏุชู‡ ู„ูŠุณ
2
00:00:04,820 --> 00:00:12,620
ู„ุฏูŠู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุจุฑุฏู‡ ุทุจุนุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ู†ูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงุดูŠ
3
00:00:12,620 --> 00:00:20,320
ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ bleeding tendency ูู‡ูŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
4
00:00:20,320 --> 00:00:27,280
bleeding disorder ุงูŠู‡ ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุงูˆ problem with
5
00:00:27,280 --> 00:00:32,840
hemostasisุงู„ู€ Hemostasis ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
6
00:00:32,840 --> 00:00:37,280
ุงุณุชุฌุงุจุฉ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑูŠ ุงู„ู€ Cardiovascular System
7
00:00:37,280 --> 00:00:44,820
ู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู€ Injury ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุญุฏูˆุซ ุชู…ุฒุญ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃูˆุนูŠ
8
00:00:44,820 --> 00:00:49,500
ุงู„ุฏู…ูˆูŠุฉ ููŠ ุญูŠุงุชู‡ ุงู„ุฏู… ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ูŠุทู„ุน ูุนู†ุง ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
9
00:00:49,500 --> 00:00:53,820
Hemostasis ููŠู‡ Primary Hemostasis ูˆููŠู‡ Secondary
10
00:00:53,820 --> 00:01:00,430
Hemostasis ุงู„ู€ Primary ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ ุฃูˆู„ุง ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉู…ุงุดูŠ
11
00:01:00,430 --> 00:01:06,490
ูˆุจูƒูˆู† ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ูู†ุชูŠู† ุงู„ู€ platelets ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ blood
12
00:01:06,490 --> 00:01:11,110
vessel response ูู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง primary hemostasis
13
00:01:11,110 --> 00:01:17,850
ุงู„ secondary hemostasis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุดุบู„ ุงู„
14
00:01:17,850 --> 00:01:22,430
calculation factorููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Extrinsic Pathway ูˆ
15
00:01:22,430 --> 00:01:25,810
Intrinsic Pathway ูˆCommon Pathway ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ
16
00:01:25,810 --> 00:01:29,750
ุงู„ููŠุจุฑูŠู†ูˆุฌูŠู† ุจุชุญูˆู„ ู„ููŠุจุฑูŠู† ุจุฃุนู…ู„ Clot ุจุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ู€
17
00:01:29,750 --> 00:01:33,810
Blood ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฅู†ุฌู„ุช ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ Primary ูˆSecondary
18
00:01:33,810 --> 00:01:43,190
Homostasis ู„ูŠุด ุญุทูˆู„ูƒู… ุงู„ู†ู‚ุงุท ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฏุงูŠู…ุง ุณุงู…ุนูŠู†ูŠ
19
00:01:43,190 --> 00:01:46,930
ูุงู‡ู…ูŠู†ูŠ ู…ุนุงูŠ ุงู„ุดุจุงุจ ูˆุงู„ูƒู„
20
00:01:51,290 --> 00:01:56,070
- Hi ูƒุฑูŠู…ุŒ ู…ุนุงูƒุŸ โ€- ู…ุฑุญุจู‹ุง ูŠุง ุฃุฎุชูŠ ูˆุงุตู„ูŠ โ€- ุทูŠุจุŒ
21
00:01:56,070 --> 00:02:01,850
ุงู„ุขู† ูƒูŠู ู†ูุฑู‚ ุงู„ู€ Primary ูˆSecondary HemostasisุŸ โ€
22
00:02:01,850 --> 00:02:04,910
- ู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ HematologyุŒ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุชุงุฎุฏูˆู‡ุง ุจุนุฏู‡ุง
23
00:02:04,910 --> 00:02:10,630
โ€- ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุฃุฑุจุน Characteristics ู†ูุฑู‚ู‡ุง โ€- ู‡ู„ ู‡ูŠ
24
00:02:10,630 --> 00:02:16,910
Coagulation Factor Problem โ€- ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ู€
25
00:02:16,910 --> 00:02:21,950
PrimaryูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Coagulation Factor ูˆ ู„ุง ุงู„ู€ Place
26
00:02:21,950 --> 00:02:25,130
to Blood Vessel Response Problem ุงู„ู€ Primary ูˆ ู„ุง
27
00:02:25,130 --> 00:02:29,210
ุงู„ู€ Secondary ุงู„ู€ Primary ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ู‡
28
00:02:29,210 --> 00:02:34,270
Superficial ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนุงู„ุฌูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฅุณู†ุงู† ู„ู…ุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠูุฑุด
29
00:02:34,270 --> 00:02:39,310
ุฅุณู†ุงู†ู‡ ู„ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฅุดูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุณุทุญูŠ ุงู„ู€ Coagulation
30
00:02:39,310 --> 00:02:43,930
Factor Problem ุจูŠูƒูˆู† Deep ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Joint
31
00:02:43,930 --> 00:02:48,070
ู„ู…ุง ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูƒ ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ Joint Problem Joint Swelling
32
00:02:48,660 --> 00:02:51,720
ูˆBleeding in the joints ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ Coagulation
33
00:02:51,720 --> 00:02:58,120
Factor ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ุดุบู„ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Bleeding ุจุนุฏ ุงู„
34
00:02:58,120 --> 00:03:03,560
trauma ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ Primary Hemostasis ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
35
00:03:03,560 --> 00:03:07,460
Immediate ู„ุฃู†ู‡ Immediate ุงู„ู€ Primary ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ
36
00:03:07,460 --> 00:03:11,060
ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ Platelet ูˆู„ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ Blood Vessel Response
37
00:03:11,060 --> 00:03:19,190
Problem ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ุจู†ุฌุฑุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุจู†ุฒู„ูˆุฅุฐุง ุณูƒุฑุช
38
00:03:19,190 --> 00:03:22,850
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ูˆู…ู†ุนุช ุงู„ู†ุฒู ูˆุนุทูŠุช ู…ุฌุงู„ ู„ู„ู€ Coagulation
39
00:03:22,850 --> 00:03:29,650
Factor ูŠุดุชุบู„ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู…ุง ุชุณูƒุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฑุญ ู„ู…ุง
40
00:03:29,650 --> 00:03:33,490
ุชุดูŠู„ ุฅูŠุฏูƒ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงู„ู†ุฒู ุจูˆู‚ูุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุงู„ู€ Primary
41
00:03:33,490 --> 00:03:38,090
Hemostasis ุงู„ุณุจุจ ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ Coagulation Factor ูƒูˆูŠุณุฉ
42
00:03:38,090 --> 00:03:45,030
ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุงู„ู€ Primary Hemostasis ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุงู„ู€
43
00:03:45,030 --> 00:03:51,450
Coagulation Factorู…ุงุดูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู‚ุตุต ุฃุดู‡ุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูƒุงู†
44
00:03:51,450 --> 00:03:56,370
ุนู†ุฏู‡ Hemophilia ู„ู€ Coagulation Factor Problem ุงุจู†
45
00:03:56,370 --> 00:04:00,390
ู‚ูŠุตุฑ ุฑูˆุณูŠุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุจุงู„ุชูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ุจู„ุดููŠุฉ ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏู‡
46
00:04:00,390 --> 00:04:07,730
Hemophilia ู‡ูˆ ู†ูุณ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ ุทูู„ ุฐูƒุฑ ูƒุงู† ูŠู‚ุน ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง
47
00:04:07,730 --> 00:04:13,010
ู‡ูˆ ูŠู„ุนุจ ู…ุฌุฑุฏ ู…ุง ูŠู‚ุน ู…ุงูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ุฅุดูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฒูŠ ุฒูŠ
48
00:04:13,010 --> 00:04:18,660
ุบูŠุฑู‡ุจุณ ุจุนุฏ 6 ุณุงุนุงุชุŒ 8 ุณุงุนุงุชุŒ 10 ุณุงุนุงุช ุชุตูŠุฑ ูŠุจูŠู†
49
00:04:18,660 --> 00:04:23,800
Big Hematoma ูุงู„ู€ onset of bleeding after trauma
50
00:04:23,800 --> 00:04:29,040
is delayed for secondary hemostasis ูˆู„ู…ู‘ุง ุชูŠุฌูŠ
51
00:04:29,040 --> 00:04:35,580
ุชุถุบุท ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุญู„ ุงู„ู†ุฒู ูˆุชุถุบุท ู„ูƒ ุฑุจุน ุณุงุนุฉุŒ ุชู„ุช ุณุงุนุฉุŒ
52
00:04:35,580 --> 00:04:41,600
ู†ุต ุณุงุนุฉุŒ ู„ู…ุง ุชุดูŠู„ ุฅูŠุฏูƒุŒ ู„ุฃ ุงู„ู†ุฒู ุจุฑุฌุนุŒ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ูˆู‚ุชู‡
53
00:04:42,500 --> 00:04:47,600
ูู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง secondary hemostasis problems ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ
54
00:04:47,600 --> 00:04:54,300
ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุจุฏุฃ ุฅู†ู‡ in general ุฅุฐุง familial
55
00:04:54,300 --> 00:04:59,760
ุฃูˆ genetic ุงู„ู€primary hemostasis problems ุจุชูƒูˆู†
56
00:04:59,760 --> 00:05:05,660
autosomal dominant ุฒูŠ ยซุจูˆู…ุจู„ุจุฑุงู†ุฏยป disease ูˆุงู„ุฌุฑูˆุจ
57
00:05:05,660 --> 00:05:10,420
ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€hemophiliasุŒ ููŠู‡ู… hemophilia A ูˆB
58
00:05:10,940 --> 00:05:21,380
ุจุชูƒูˆู† Recessive X-linked Recessive ูุงู„ุณูŠู†ุงุฑูŠูˆ
59
00:05:21,380 --> 00:05:26,200
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญุงุทูŠู†ู‡ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุทูู„ Male ูˆุนู†ุฏู‡ ุดูƒู„ู‡ Secondary
60
00:05:26,200 --> 00:05:31,700
Hemostasis Problem ูˆู‡ูŠ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ุงุดูŠ ู…ุคุดุฑ ุนู„ู‰
61
00:05:31,700 --> 00:05:35,810
Hemophiliaุทุจุนุงู‹ ุงู„ู€ Hemophilia ููŠู‡ Hemophilia A ูˆ
62
00:05:35,810 --> 00:05:39,830
Hemophilia B ุงู„ู€ Hemophilia A ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Factor 8
63
00:05:39,830 --> 00:05:43,830
Deficiency Hemophilia B ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Factor 9 ุงู„ู„ูŠ
64
00:05:43,830 --> 00:05:48,550
ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง Christmas Disease ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงุณู… ุชุงู†ูŠ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡
65
00:05:48,550 --> 00:05:53,650
ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุชูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุฃูˆ ุทูู„ ุฃูˆ
66
00:05:53,650 --> 00:06:00,050
ุฐูƒุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‡ Hemophilia A ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุจู‚ูˆุง ู„ูƒูŠ
67
00:06:00,050 --> 00:06:02,670
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุขู†
68
00:06:04,750 --> 00:06:08,530
ุงู„ู€ evaluation shows that the patient has
69
00:06:08,530 --> 00:06:12,710
inherited disorders and that one of his parents is
70
00:06:12,710 --> 00:06:19,110
a genetic carrier ุทุจุนุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุงูŠ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†
71
00:06:19,110 --> 00:06:26,510
autosomal recessive ู…ุง ุจุชุซุจุช ูƒุงู† ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู† both
72
00:06:26,510 --> 00:06:32,650
his parents are recessive are carriers ู…ุงุดูŠูู‡ุฐู‡
73
00:06:32,650 --> 00:06:36,570
ุฅู„ุง ุชูƒูˆู† X-linked recessive ูˆุงู„ู€ Career ุจุงู„ู€
74
00:06:36,570 --> 00:06:45,790
Parents ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŸ ุฃุณุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฃุฎุช who does not
75
00:06:45,790 --> 00:06:53,290
have this condition is pregnant ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุณุง ุฃุฎุชู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
76
00:06:53,290 --> 00:07:01,090
ุงู„ู€ Hallmark ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุนู„ุงู… ุงู„ู…ู…ูŠุฒุฉู„ู„ู€ X
77
00:07:01,090 --> 00:07:08,790
-linked recessive ุฃู† ุงู„ุทูู„ ุฃูˆ ุฃุฎูˆุงู„ู‡ ู‡ู…ุง ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจูŠู†ุŒ
78
00:07:08,790 --> 00:07:16,630
ู…ุงุดูŠุŸ ููŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ุจุฏูƒ ุชุดูˆู ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุฅุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฒูŠ
79
00:07:16,630 --> 00:07:21,130
ุฃุฎูˆุงู„ู‡ ุฅุฐุง ูˆู„ุฏูˆุง ุฃุฎูˆุงู„ู‡ุŒ ู‡ูŠ typical X-linked
80
00:07:21,130 --> 00:07:30,200
recessive ูุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ุฃุฎุช ุญุงู…ู„ุฃุฎุช ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ู…ุงุดูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
81
00:07:30,200 --> 00:07:39,080
ุฌุงูŠ ุชุณุฃู„ ูˆู‡ูŠ ู…ุง ุจุชุนุฑู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุจุทู†ู‡ุง ูˆู„ุฏ ูˆู„ุง ุจู†ุช ู…ุงุดูŠ
82
00:07:39,080 --> 00:07:43,100
she asked about the risk of her child will be
83
00:07:43,100 --> 00:07:45,600
affected which of the following is the best
84
00:07:45,600 --> 00:07:52,400
estimate of this child will have the disease ู…ุงุดูŠ
85
00:07:52,400 --> 00:07:54,580
ุงู„ุขู†
86
00:07:57,040 --> 00:08:01,600
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุจุฏุฃ ููŠ ุญู„ ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุนุงู…ู„
87
00:08:01,600 --> 00:08:07,880
ู…ุน ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู„ู…ุง ูŠุฌูŠูƒ ู…ู† ุจู†ูŠ ุขุฏู… ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ ุจู†ุญุทู‡ ุนู„ู‰
88
00:08:07,880 --> 00:08:14,800
ุทุฑูŠู‚ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง ุฃู†ุง ุจูƒูˆู† ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏ ูˆุนุงุฑู
89
00:08:14,800 --> 00:08:24,690
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจุนุทูŠ ู†ุณุจ ู…ุญุฏุฏุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฅุฐุง ู…ุด ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุจุฏูŠ
90
00:08:24,690 --> 00:08:29,870
ุฃุณูˆูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ Conditional Probability ูˆุงุถุญ
91
00:08:29,870 --> 00:08:34,150
ูŠุง ูƒุฑูŠู…ุŸ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุฑุถู‰ ุนู„ูŠูƒ ุณุงู…ุนูŠู†ูŠุŸ ูุงู‡ู…ูŠู†ูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุดูˆ
92
00:08:34,150 --> 00:08:39,550
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุญูƒูŠุŸ ุชู…ุงู… ูŠุง ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑุŒ ูƒู„ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุนุฏุฏ
93
00:08:39,550 --> 00:08:43,050
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุบูŠุฑ ูƒุฑูŠู… ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ุฃู‡ุŒ ูƒุชุจูŠู† ุณุจุนุฉ
94
00:08:43,050 --> 00:08:46,930
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฃู†ุง ูˆูŠุงูƒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎู…ุณ ุบูŠุฑู‡ ุฃู†ุง ูุงู‡ู… ุฅู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ
95
00:08:46,930 --> 00:08:52,070
ุทุฑุญ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ูŠูƒูˆู† ูุงู‡ู…ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑุฉ ยซูƒุงุฑู…ูŠู„ยป ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
96
00:08:52,070 --> 00:08:58,890
ุทุฑุญุช ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉุŸ ุตุญูŠุญ ุตุญูŠุญ ุตุญูŠุญ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
97
00:08:58,890 --> 00:09:04,730
ุทูŠุจุŒ ู‡ุณุง ูƒุงุฑู…ูŠู„ ูƒูŠู
98
00:09:04,730 --> 00:09:14,070
ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฑุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู‡ุฐุงุŸ ุงู„ุขู† ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ู€
99
00:09:14,070 --> 00:09:16,810
Genotype ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดูˆ
100
00:09:19,740 --> 00:09:27,620
ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุนู†ุฏู‡ X-Chromosome ู…ุตุงุจ ุงู„ู€ X
101
00:09:27,620 --> 00:09:32,160
-Chromosome ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ุตุงุจ ุงู„ู€ Y ู…ุงููŠุด ููŠู‡ ุฅุดูŠุŒ ุตุญุŸ
102
00:09:32,160 --> 00:09:38,600
ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฃุฎุฐูˆุง ู…ู† ูŠุง ุฃุจูˆู‡ ูŠุง ุฃู…ู‡ ุงู„ู€ X ู‡ุฐุงุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŸ
103
00:09:39,110 --> 00:09:46,450
ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุฃุจูˆู‡ ุญูƒูˆุง ุนู†ู‡ ู…ุตุงุจ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุฎุฐูˆุง ู…ู†ู‡ ุจุณ
104
00:09:46,450 --> 00:09:54,030
ุงู„ู€ X ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู†
105
00:09:54,030 --> 00:10:01,750
ุงู„ุฃู… ูˆุงู„ุฃู…ุŒ ุฃู… ุงู„ุทูู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ุดูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€
106
00:10:01,750 --> 00:10:08,270
Carrier ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุงุซู†ูŠู†ู‡ู… Healthy ูˆุงู„ุทูู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ
107
00:10:08,810 --> 00:10:13,810
ููƒุงู… ุจุฏุฃ ุฃุณูˆูŠ ุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ุงุช ู„ู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุณุฃู„ูˆู†ูŠุงู‡
108
00:10:13,810 --> 00:10:20,390
ุฃุฎุช ุงู„ุทูู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ ุตุงุฑุช ุญุงู…ู„ ูˆุดุงูุช ุฃุฎูˆู‡ุง
109
00:10:20,390 --> 00:10:26,670
ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ hemophilia ูˆุฅู†ู‡ ุจู†ุฒู„ ูˆุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡
110
00:10:26,670 --> 00:10:30,770
ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ูุฎุงูŠูุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุทู†ู‡ุง ุฃูˆ ุจุฏุฃุช ุชุชุฃูƒุฏ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ
111
00:10:30,770 --> 00:10:41,860
ู„ุจุทู†ู‡ุง ุดูˆ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ุงุชู‡ ู…ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ู‰
112
00:10:41,860 --> 00:10:45,020
ุงู„ู†ุณุจ
113
00:10:45,020 --> 00:10:48,800
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญุงุทูŠู†ู‡ุง ุนุดุฑ ุฃูˆ ุชู…ุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุชุณุนุฉ ุฃูˆ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุฃู†ุง
114
00:10:48,800 --> 00:10:53,980
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฎุฑุจุทุชู†ูŠ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูˆุจูˆุง ู‡ูŠูƒ ู…ุงุดูŠ
115
00:10:53,980 --> 00:10:59,300
ู…ุงู†ุนุด ุฃุฏุฎู„ ุจูŠู‡ุง ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุจุญุทู‡ ุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุตูุฑ ุฃูˆ ู†ุต ุฃูˆ
116
00:10:59,300 --> 00:11:02,460
ุฑุจุน ุฃูˆ ุซู…ู† ุฃูˆ ุณุชุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุฃูˆ ุณุชุงุดุฑ ุฃูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฃุซู†ูŠู†
117
00:11:02,460 --> 00:11:10,410
ูˆุซู„ุงุซูŠู† ูƒูŠู ุจุฏุง ู†ูˆู‚ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู„ุฃู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ
118
00:11:10,410 --> 00:11:19,910
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุจู†ุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุญุงู…ู„ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ุชุณุฃู„ ยซู…ุงุดูŠุŒ ุดูˆ
119
00:11:19,910 --> 00:11:25,270
ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ุงุชู‡ุง ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุฑุถ ู‡ุฐุงุŸยป ยซูˆุงู„ุญุงู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐุงุŸยป ยซู…ูŠู†
120
00:11:25,270 --> 00:11:34,190
ุจูŠู‚ุฏุฑ ูŠุฌุงูˆุจุŸยป ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ู†ุดูˆู ูƒูŠู ุชุฌุงูˆุจูˆู‡ุง ูŠุง
121
00:11:34,190 --> 00:11:39,620
ุฅู…ุง ู‡ุชูƒูˆู† health ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง ู‡ุชูƒูˆู† careerุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ูƒุงู… ู„ูƒู„
122
00:11:39,620 --> 00:11:51,100
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉุŸ ุฑุจุน ุทุจุนุงู‹ ูƒูŠู ุฑุจุนุŸ ู†ุต ุงู„ู…ุดู‡ูˆู…ุฉ ู„ู„ุฃู… ุงู„ุฃุตู„ูŠุฉ
123
00:11:51,100 --> 00:11:55,340
career ูˆุงู„ุฃุจ healthy ุทูŠุจ ู…ุงู†ูŠ ุฃุนู…ู„ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ุงุชุŒ
124
00:11:55,340 --> 00:12:00,100
ู‡ูŠุทู„ุนุŸ ุฃู†ุง ุจุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ุงู„ุจู†ุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ูˆ
125
00:12:00,100 --> 00:12:05,500
ุชุฑุณู… ุงู„ degree ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠุฉ ุชุณุฃู„ ูˆ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง pregnancy
126
00:12:05,500 --> 00:12:11,550
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฃู… ุงู„ู…ุฑุฃุฉ ุงู„ุญุงู…ู„ู‡ุณุงุŒ ุดูˆ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ุงุช ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ุฌูŠู†
127
00:12:11,550 --> 00:12:19,890
ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจุŸ ู†ุต ุงู„ุฅู†ุงุซุŒ ู†ุต ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู†ุตุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ุต ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉุŒ ุดูˆ
128
00:12:19,890 --> 00:12:28,630
ุงุณู…ู‡ุงุŸ ู†ุต ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุจูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุงุŒ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุฅุตุงุจุฉุŒ ุขุณูุŒ ู†ุต
129
00:12:28,630 --> 00:12:33,250
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ูŠ career ูˆู†ุต ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู†
130
00:12:33,250 --> 00:12:40,820
completely healthyุŒ ุตุญุŸ ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ุตุญูŠุญูƒุฏุงุด ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ุงุช ุฃู†
131
00:12:40,820 --> 00:12:50,480
ุงู„ุจุทู†ู‡ุง ูˆู„ุฏ ูˆู„ุง ุจู†ุชุŸ ูƒู…ุงู† ู†ุต ุจู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต
132
00:12:50,480 --> 00:12:51,520
ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต
133
00:12:51,520 --> 00:12:52,820
ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต
134
00:12:52,820 --> 00:12:55,440
ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต
135
00:12:55,440 --> 00:12:59,440
ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต
136
00:12:59,440 --> 00:12:59,520
ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต ู†ุต
137
00:13:08,490 --> 00:13:16,030
ุงู„ุญู…ู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุทู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุฃุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุจู†ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ุต ู†ุต ุฅู†ู‡ุง
138
00:13:16,030 --> 00:13:20,150
ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ู…ุตุงุจุฉุŸ ู…ุงุนุฑูุด ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุตุงุจุฉ
139
00:13:20,150 --> 00:13:28,470
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ู†ุต ุฅู†ู‡ ุชูƒูˆู† carrier ู…ุงุดูŠ ูˆู†ุต ุชุงู†ูŠ
140
00:13:28,470 --> 00:13:33,990
ุฅู†ู‡ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุง ุฌุงุจ ุญุตูŠุฑุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ุงู„ุฌูˆุฒ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุทูู„
141
00:13:33,990 --> 00:13:40,950
ุงู„ุจู†ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุฎุช ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ู…ุง ุฌุงุจู‡ ุณูŠุฑุฉ ุฅู†ู‡
142
00:13:40,950 --> 00:13:47,550
ู…ุตุงุจ ูƒู…ุงู† ุตุญูŠุญ ูู‡ุณุง ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ุจู†ุช ูุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ุง
143
00:13:47,550 --> 00:13:56,070
ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุตุงุจ ุตูุฑุŒ ุตุญุŸ ูˆู„ูˆ ุทู„ุน ูˆู„ุฏุŒ ุดูˆ ู†ุณุจุช ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู†
144
00:13:56,070 --> 00:14:04,270
ู…ุตุงุจุŸุฃุฎุฏ ุงู„ู€ X ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ุต ุจุฑุถู‡ ู†ุต ู†ุต ุตุญุŸ ุตุญูŠุญ
145
00:14:04,270 --> 00:14:13,210
ูุฅู† ุงู†ุช ุชุงุฎุฏ ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ูŠ ูƒุงู„ุจู†ุช
146
00:14:13,210 --> 00:14:19,470
ุงู„ุนุงู…ู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุฎุช ุงู„ูˆู„ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ู‡ูŠ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ู‡ุง ู†ุต
147
00:14:19,470 --> 00:14:26,470
ุฅู†ู‡ ุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ูŠ career ุฃูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง one copyูˆููŠ
148
00:14:26,470 --> 00:14:31,650
ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ู†ุต ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุจู†ุช ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ุง ููŠ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุฃู†
149
00:14:31,650 --> 00:14:37,830
ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุตุงุจุฑ ูˆู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ูˆู„ุฏ ุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ู†ุต ูู†ุต ุจู†ุต ุจู†ุต ุจู†ุต
150
00:14:37,830 --> 00:14:45,450
ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุซู…ู† ูุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ุซู…ู† ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุทุจู‚
151
00:14:45,450 --> 00:14:51,530
ุฅุดูŠ ู…ู† ูƒู„ู‡ conditional probability ู…ุงุดูŠ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„
152
00:14:54,060 --> 00:15:00,900
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฃุฉ ุงู„ุญุงู…ู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุจุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ
153
00:15:00,900 --> 00:15:07,300
ุงู„ุฌูŠู„ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃุฎุช ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ููŠ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ู†ุต ุฃู†ู‡
154
00:15:07,300 --> 00:15:13,100
ุชูƒูˆู† career ูˆู†ุต ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู† normal ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุฃู†ู‡
155
00:15:13,100 --> 00:15:19,940
ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฐูƒุฑ ูˆู„ุง ุฃู†ุซู‰ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุงุทู†ู‡ุงุŒ ู…ุง ุจู†ุนุฑู ู„ุณู‡ุŒ ู„ูˆ
156
00:15:19,940 --> 00:15:25,080
ุจุนุฑู ุฃู†ู‡ ุฐูƒุฑ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู„ุฃ ุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุจุตูŠุฑ ุฑุจุนุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ ู„ูˆ
157
00:15:25,080 --> 00:15:29,260
ุจุนุฑู ุฃู†ู‡ ุฐูƒุฑุŒ ุจุณ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุง ุจุนุฑู ุฃู†ู‡ ุฐูƒุฑุŒ ููŠู…ูƒู† ุฐูƒุฑุŒ
158
00:15:29,260 --> 00:15:32,660
ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู†ุซู‰ุŒ ู„ูˆ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุชูŠุฌูŠ ุจุชุณุฃู„ู†ูŠ ุจุงู„ูˆุฌู‡ุŒ ุดูˆ
159
00:15:32,660 --> 00:15:36,620
ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุตุงุจุŒ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ
160
00:15:36,620 --> 00:15:39,380
ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ุงู„ุญุงู„ ูƒูŠูุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง conditional
161
00:15:39,380 --> 00:15:46,370
probabilityุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุจุตูŠุฑ ุฃุญุทุญุณุจ ุงู„ุดุฑูˆุท ู…ุฌู…ูˆุน
162
00:15:46,370 --> 00:15:51,990
ุงู„ุญู„ุงู„ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุน ุงู„ู†ุณุจ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูˆุตู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ุฃู† ูƒู„
163
00:15:51,990 --> 00:15:58,630
ุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ุงุช ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŸ ูู„ู…ุง ุชูŠุฌูŠู†ูŠ ุงู…ุฑุฃุฉ
164
00:15:58,630 --> 00:16:03,230
ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฃุฎูˆู‡ุง ู…ุตุงุจุŒ ู‡ูŠ ุญุงู…ู„ุŒ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุด ุนุงุฑูุฉ ุดูˆ
165
00:16:03,230 --> 00:16:06,830
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ู„ูŠ ุดูˆ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู† ุงู„ุจุทู† ูŠุทู„ุน
166
00:16:06,830 --> 00:16:11,650
ู…ุตุงุจุŒ ุจู‚ูˆู„ู‡ุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ุน ุซู…ุงู†ูŠู†ุŒ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชูŠุฌูŠุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŸ
167
00:16:12,100 --> 00:16:18,160
ูู†ุดูˆู ุดูˆ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠู‡ ู†ุงุณ
168
00:16:18,160 --> 00:16:23,060
ุฎุฑุจุทูˆุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฑูุจุน ููŠู‡ ู†ุงุณ ุญุทูˆุง ู†ุต ูู‡ุณุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุงูŠ
169
00:16:23,060 --> 00:16:31,040
ุจุฑุณู…ูˆู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ุนู†ู‡ ุงู„ .. ู‡ุงูŠ
170
00:16:31,040 --> 00:16:39,420
ุงู„ุงุฌุฏูˆุฏ ุงู„ุฃู… ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† career ุงู„ุฃุจูˆ ุญูƒูˆุง ุนู†ู‡
171
00:16:39,420 --> 00:16:49,370
ุณู„ูŠู… ู…ุงููŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉุงู„ูˆู„ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฌูŠู† ู…ุตุงุจ ู…ุงุดูŠ ููŠ
172
00:16:49,370 --> 00:16:54,950
ุงู„ู€ X ูˆ X-linked recessive ูู‡ูŠุจูŠู† ุนู„ูŠู‡ ูู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุจู†ุช
173
00:16:54,950 --> 00:17:01,070
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุฌุช ุชุณุฃู„ ูˆุจุชุณุฃู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุญู…ู„ ูˆุจุฏุฃุช
174
00:17:01,070 --> 00:17:06,990
ุชุนุฑู ู‚ุฏุงุด ู†ุณุจุชู‡ ูููŠ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุงู„ู†ุต ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู† Normal
175
00:17:06,990 --> 00:17:13,560
ูˆู†ุต ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† CarrierููŠ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุงู„ู†ูุต ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ูˆู„ุฏ
176
00:17:13,560 --> 00:17:22,440
ูˆููŠ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ู†ูุต ูŠูƒูˆู† ุจู†ุช ูˆุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุงู„ูˆู„ุฏ ู†ูุต ูƒู…ุงู† ุฃู†ู‡
177
00:17:22,440 --> 00:17:28,020
ูŠุทู„ุน ู…ุตุงุจ ูˆู†ูุต ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุทู„ุน ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูุงู„ุซู„ุงุซ ู†ูุต ุจู†ูุต
178
00:17:28,020 --> 00:17:31,800
ุจู†ูุต ูˆูŠุทู„ุน ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุซู…ุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ุงู„ุตุญูŠุญุฉ ููŠ
179
00:17:31,800 --> 00:17:33,920
ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉุŒ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆุถุญูƒุช ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑ
180
00:17:37,880 --> 00:17:42,620
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญุงุทูŠู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ B1 ุงู„ู€ Parents ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
181
00:17:42,620 --> 00:17:47,600
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู… ุงู„ู…ุฑุฃุฉ ุงู„ุญุงู…ู„ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง 50% ู†ุณุจุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู†
182
00:17:47,600 --> 00:17:54,760
Career ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ู†ุณุจุฉ 50% ุชุนุทูŠ ุฃูˆู„ุงุฏู‡ุง ูˆุจู†ุงุชู‡ุง ุงู„ุฌูŠู†
183
00:17:54,760 --> 00:18:01,330
ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ูˆุฅุฐุง ุนุดุงู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุตุงุจ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู† Maleู…ุง ุจู†ูุนู„
184
00:18:01,330 --> 00:18:04,210
ยซthe femaleยป ยซthe femaleยป ุฑุงุญ ุชุทู„ุน career ุฒูŠ ุฅุฐุง
185
00:18:04,210 --> 00:18:09,290
ูƒุงู†ุช ุฃู…ู‡ุง ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญุงู…ู„ ุงู„ุฌูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูู†ุต ูˆ ู†ุต ูˆ ู†ุต
186
00:18:09,290 --> 00:18:18,290
ุจุทู„ุน 81 ุฃุชุฃู…ู„ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ููŠ ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉุŸ ุจุฏูƒู…
187
00:18:18,290 --> 00:18:25,190
ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฑู‚ู… ุณุคุงู„ ู†ุงุฎุฏู‡ุŸ
188
00:18:25,190 --> 00:18:31,820
ููŠ ุณุคุงู„ ุฑู‚ู… ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ููŠ ยซblogballยปูุงู† ููƒุฑุชู‡ ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู†
189
00:18:31,820 --> 00:18:43,380
ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป ุฃูˆ ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ
190
00:18:43,380 --> 00:18:44,820
ุนู† ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป ุฃูˆ ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ
191
00:18:44,820 --> 00:18:45,120
ุนู† ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป
192
00:18:45,120 --> 00:18:46,000
ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู†
193
00:18:46,000 --> 00:18:46,060
ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป
194
00:18:46,060 --> 00:18:53,380
ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป
195
00:18:53,380 --> 00:18:58,800
ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ยซู‡ุงุฑููŠู†ุฏยป ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ยซ
196
00:19:01,690 --> 00:19:06,090
ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงุจ ู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงุจ ู„ูŠู‡ ุทูŠุจ ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ุดูˆู
197
00:19:06,090 --> 00:19:11,390
ุทูŠุจ
198
00:19:11,390 --> 00:19:22,090
ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ุดูˆู ุจุฏูƒ ูƒุฑูŠู… ุงู‚ุฑุฃ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ุดูˆู ูˆุงุถุญ
199
00:19:22,090 --> 00:19:22,970
ุนู†ุฏูƒ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ุŸ
200
00:19:32,830 --> 00:19:38,470
ูƒุฑูŠู… ุฃูˆ ุฃูŠ ุญุฏ ุซุงู†ูŠ
201
00:19:38,470 --> 00:19:54,970
ู…ุด
202
00:19:54,970 --> 00:20:00,290
ุนุงุฑูุŒ ุจุญุจ ุงู†ุชู… ุชุดุงุฑูƒูˆุง ู…ุนุงู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุณ ู…ุด ุฃู†ุง ุฃู‚ุนุฏ
203
00:20:00,290 --> 00:20:09,360
ุฃุชูƒู„ู… ุฅุฐุงู…ุง ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ ุฅุฐุง ู…ุฑุงุช ูˆุงุถุญุŒ ู…ุด ูˆุงุถุญุŒ ู†ุดูˆูู‡ A
204
00:20:09,360 --> 00:20:14,640
31-year-old woman comes to the office as she and
205
00:20:14,640 --> 00:20:20,140
her husband desire a second child ู…ุงุดูŠุŸ The
206
00:20:20,140 --> 00:20:26,920
husband is infertile and the patient's son who was
207
00:20:26,920 --> 00:20:31,640
conceived via donor inseminationูƒุงู†ุช ู…ุคูƒุฏู‹ุง
208
00:20:31,640 --> 00:20:37,180
ุจู€Glycogen Storage Disease Type 2 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
209
00:20:37,180 --> 00:20:42,420
ุงู„ู€Bombay Disease ุงู„ุฃู†
210
00:20:42,420 --> 00:20:49,580
ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ู€Metabolic DisordersุŒ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ ุฃูŠุด
211
00:20:49,580 --> 00:20:53,680
ุงู„ู€Inheritance ุชุจุนุชู‡ู…ุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ูƒูˆูŠุณ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ
212
00:20:53,680 --> 00:20:59,290
ู‡ุฐู‡ุญุชู‰ ุจุฃุนุทูŠูƒ ุชุนู„ูŠู…ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดูˆ ููŠู‡ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ุนู„ู‰
213
00:20:59,290 --> 00:21:02,350
ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุด ู…ุชูˆู‚ุน ุฃู†ูƒ ุฃู†ุช ุจุชุนุฑููˆุง ุฃูˆ ุณู…ุนุช ููŠู‡ุง
214
00:21:02,350 --> 00:21:05,870
The Bombay's Disease Glycogen Storage Disease
215
00:21:05,870 --> 00:21:13,330
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† Hepatosplenomegaly ุจูŠูƒูˆู† Decreased Oxygen ุฃูˆ
216
00:21:13,330 --> 00:21:19,910
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‚ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุฃุถุนู ูˆุถุนู ูˆูƒุฏู‡ ูˆุนุงุฏุฉ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ
217
00:21:21,520 --> 00:21:27,080
ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุนุงุฏูŠุฉ ู„ู€ Autosomal Recession ู…ุนุฑูˆูุฉ
218
00:21:27,080 --> 00:21:35,660
ู„ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ุฃู„ู ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุน ุงู„ุนุงู… ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ
219
00:21:35,660 --> 00:21:42,260
ุดูˆ ุจู†ุณุชููŠุฏ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู…ุŸ ู…ูŠู† ูŠุฌุงูˆุจู†ูŠุŸ ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†
220
00:21:42,260 --> 00:21:46,540
ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ุฃู„ู ู…ุตุงุจุŒ
221
00:21:46,540 --> 00:21:53,550
ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ูƒุฑูŠู…ู†ุนู… ุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุชุทู„ุน ุงู„ู€ ยซQยป ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ ยซpoints
222
00:21:53,550 --> 00:22:02,610
of rest of the ู‚ู„ูŠู„ยป ุทุจุนุงุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ูƒู… ุจุชุทู„ุนุŸ ุจุชุฌูŠุจ
223
00:22:02,610 --> 00:22:07,970
ุงู„ู€ ยซsquare rootยป ู„ู„ู€ 40 ุฃู„ู ู‡ุงุฏ ูˆุจูŠุทู„ุน ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰
224
00:22:07,970 --> 00:22:14,210
ู…ูŠุชูŠู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠุชูŠู†ุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ ููŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุณุฉ ููŠ
225
00:22:14,210 --> 00:22:25,890
ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ุฃุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ุงุงู„ู‚ุตุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญูƒูˆู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุฃู† ุงู„ุฒู„ู…ุฉ
226
00:22:25,890 --> 00:22:32,310
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ couple ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุฒูˆุฌูŠู† ุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุดุบู„ ุจุฏู‡ู…
227
00:22:32,310 --> 00:22:40,870
ูŠุฎู„ููˆุง ุงู„ุฒู„ู…ุฉ ู…ุงููŠุด endosperm ูˆ ุจูŠุฎู„ูุด ูุฑุงุญุช ู‡ูŠ ู…ุน
228
00:22:40,870 --> 00:22:46,370
ุฒูˆุฌู‡ุง ุฑุงุญูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุชุจุนูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุงุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชู„ู‚ูŠุญ
229
00:22:46,370 --> 00:22:51,150
ุจุงู„ุฃู†ุจูŠุจ ุฃูˆ ุฒุฑุงุนุฉ ุฃู†ุจูŠุจ ู„ู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ู„ุฒุฑุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„
230
00:22:51,150 --> 00:22:58,150
ุจุงู„ุฃู†ุจูŠุจ ูˆุฃุฎุฐุช ุญูŠูˆุงู† ู…ู†ูˆูŠ ู…ู† ุฃูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
231
00:22:58,150 --> 00:23:05,310
General population ุงู„ุณุงุฆู„ูŠู† ูˆุฃุฌุช ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูˆู„ุฏุชู‡
232
00:23:05,310 --> 00:23:10,910
ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ู†ุงุฏุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุทู„ุน
233
00:23:10,910 --> 00:23:17,680
ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจู…ุงุดูŠุŒ ูู‡ุฐู‡ ู‚ุตุชู‡ุง Genetic
234
00:23:17,680 --> 00:23:21,660
Testing Confirms That The Patient Is A Carrier For
235
00:23:21,660 --> 00:23:27,460
The Disease ุทู„ุนุช ุงู„ุฌูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ู‡ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ .. ูƒู†ุณุจุฉ
236
00:23:27,460 --> 00:23:34,480
ุงู„ุฃู„ูŠู„ ููŠ ุงู„ population ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠุชูŠู† ูุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ
237
00:23:34,480 --> 00:23:40,680
ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ุฃู„ู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Q ุชุฑุจูŠุน ู…ุงุดูŠ
238
00:23:42,480 --> 00:23:50,600
ุงู„ุขู† ู…ุง ุณุชูุนู„ุŸ ู‡ูŠ Carrier ูุฅู†ู‡
239
00:23:50,600 --> 00:23:57,860
ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุทู„ุน ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ุฅู†ู‡ ู†ุตูŠุจู‡ู… ุฅู† ุงู„ุดุฎุต
240
00:23:57,860 --> 00:24:03,280
ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุฎุฐูˆุง ู…ู†ู‡ ุจุดูƒู„ ุนู…ูŠุงู†ูŠ
241
00:24:03,280 --> 00:24:11,270
ุงู„ู€ Spare ุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู€ Carrier ู„ู„ุฌูŠู† ู‡ุฐุงูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ
242
00:24:11,270 --> 00:24:14,330
autosome-recessive ููˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ 40 ุฃู„ู ุทู„ุน
243
00:24:14,330 --> 00:24:18,950
ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ a different sperm
244
00:24:18,950 --> 00:24:22,770
donor is selected with no personal or family
245
00:24:22,770 --> 00:24:27,210
history of Bombay disease however his career
246
00:24:27,210 --> 00:24:31,550
status is unknown ูู‚ุฑุฑูˆุง ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจูŠุนุฏูˆุง ู†ูุณ
247
00:24:31,550 --> 00:24:36,330
ุงู„ุดุบู„ ุจุณ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‚ุงู„ูˆุง ุฎู„ูŠู†ุง ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุญุฏ ุซุงู†ูŠ ูุงุฎุฏูˆุง
248
00:24:36,330 --> 00:24:41,790
ุดุฎุต ุขุฎุฑุจุณ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ุด ุฌุงุฏุฑูŠู† ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏูŠู† ุฅู†ู‡ ู…ุง
249
00:24:41,790 --> 00:24:45,510
ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ูˆููŠ ุงู„ุบุงู„ุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุจุฑุน ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุดุบู„ุงุช ูŠูƒูˆู†
250
00:24:45,510 --> 00:24:49,830
ูŠูุชุฑุถ ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ุธู‡ุฑูŠู‹ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุณู„ูŠู…
251
00:24:49,830 --> 00:24:57,990
ูˆุทุจูŠุนูŠ ูˆูƒุฐุง ูˆูƒุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŸ SoุŒ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ What
252
00:24:57,990 --> 00:25:02,350
is the probability of the patient having an
253
00:25:02,350 --> 00:25:10,500
affected child with the new sperm donorุŸุงู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฃู…
254
00:25:10,500 --> 00:25:19,100
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุงูŠ ุจุชุณุฃู„ ู‡ูŠ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ูˆู„ุง career
255
00:25:19,100 --> 00:25:24,960
ูˆู„ุง ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŸ โ€- career โ€- ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† careerุŒ ุตุญุŸ โ€-
256
00:25:24,960 --> 00:25:29,020
ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† career โ€- ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† career โ€- ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู†
257
00:25:29,020 --> 00:25:30,620
career โ€- ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† career โ€- ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† career โ€-
258
00:25:30,620 --> 00:25:30,800
ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† career โ€- ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† career โ€- ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู†
259
00:25:30,800 --> 00:25:30,840
career โ€- ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† career โ€- ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† career โ€-
260
00:25:30,840 --> 00:25:35,160
career โ€- ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† career โ€-
261
00:25:38,190 --> 00:25:42,610
ู…ุด ู„ุณู‡ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฏุฑุณ ุฃูˆ ูƒุฏู‡ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง autism and
262
00:25:42,610 --> 00:25:48,830
recessive ูˆููŠู‡ ุทูู„ ู…ุตุงุจ ุฅุฐู† ุงู„ุฃู… ูˆุงู„ุฃุจ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ
263
00:25:48,830 --> 00:25:52,730
ุฃุซู†ูŠู†ู‡ู… ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง career ู…ุง ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุง ุฑุงุญ
264
00:25:52,730 --> 00:25:58,170
ูŠุทู„ุน autism and recessive ูˆู…ุงููŠุด career ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูˆ
265
00:25:58,170 --> 00:26:02,310
ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ career ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃุซู†ูŠู† career ูุงู„ุขู†
266
00:26:02,310 --> 00:26:05,510
ุงู„ุญูƒูŠู†ุง
267
00:26:05,510 --> 00:26:13,900
ุงู„ุฃู…ุดูˆ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชุนุทูŠ ุงู„ุฌูŠู† ุงู„ุฃู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจุŸ ู‡ูŠ
268
00:26:13,900 --> 00:26:22,880
career ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ู†ุต ูˆุฌุงุจูˆุง sperm ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู†
269
00:26:22,880 --> 00:26:27,500
ุงู„ู€General population ูุฏุงุด ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุญุงู…ู„
270
00:26:27,500 --> 00:26:34,640
ู„ู„ุฌูŠู† ุชุจุน ุงู„ู…ุฑุถุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€Q ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุทู„ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€Q
271
00:26:34,640 --> 00:26:40,550
ุชุฑุจูŠุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุนุทูŠู†ูŠู‡ุงู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Spare Donor ู…ุด ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู†
272
00:26:40,550 --> 00:26:44,870
affected ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† ู„ูƒ ุญูŠู†ูˆุฑู…ุงู„ ููŠ 2020 โ€“ุดูˆ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ
273
00:26:44,870 --> 00:26:53,730
ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ Spare Donor ูŠุทู„ุน career ุฃูˆ ู‚ุฏุงุด ุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ
274
00:26:53,730 --> 00:26:58,030
1 ุนู„ู‰ 200 ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ โ€“ุฅู† ุงู„ุณู†ุฉ ูƒุงู†ุช ู…ู† ุงู„ู€QE
275
00:26:58,030 --> 00:26:59,170
โ€“ู†ุนู…
276
00:27:10,530 --> 00:27:13,690
ุงู„ู€ Spare ุจู…ุง ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ General Population
277
00:27:13,690 --> 00:27:21,090
ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠุชูŠู†
278
00:27:21,090 --> 00:27:26,870
ูุงุญู†ุง ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ
279
00:27:26,870 --> 00:27:34,310
ู„ู„ู‚ุตุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุงู„ุณู„ุงูุฉ ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ุงุดูŠ ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ู€
280
00:27:34,310 --> 00:27:39,290
General Population ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุทู„ุน careerูˆู†ุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู‚ู„ูŠู„
281
00:27:39,290 --> 00:27:44,370
ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ 1 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุชูŠู† ูˆุงู„ู…ุฑุฃุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏ ุฅู†ู‡ุง
282
00:27:44,370 --> 00:27:50,270
Carrier ูุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฃู† ุชุนุทูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Affected ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู‡ูˆ
283
00:27:50,270 --> 00:27:57,330
ู†ุต ูู†ุต 1 ุนู„ู‰ 200 ุจูŠุทู„ุน 1 ุนู„ู‰ 400 ูุฅุฌุงุจุชูŠ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู†
284
00:27:57,330 --> 00:28:03,610
1 ุนู„ู‰ 400 ู„ู…ุง ุชุดูˆููˆุง ุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ุจูƒุชุจูˆุง 1 ุนู„ู‰ 400
285
00:28:03,610 --> 00:28:05,550
ู…ุงุดูŠุŸ
286
00:28:08,700 --> 00:28:14,040
ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ ูƒุฑูŠู…
287
00:28:14,040 --> 00:28:19,340
ูŠุจุฏูˆ ุฃู†ู‡ ูˆุงุถุญ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ุŒ ููŠู‡ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุฃู†ุช ุจุฏูƒ ุชุณุฃู„ ุนู†ู‡ุง
288
00:28:19,340 --> 00:28:25,300
ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ู†ูุณู‡ุงุŸ
289
00:28:25,300 --> 00:28:31,590
ู„ุฃ ู„ุฃ ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุจุณ ุญุงุทุท ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ุŒ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ูˆุงุถุญุงู„ุณุคุงู„
290
00:28:31,590 --> 00:28:36,270
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุญู†ุง ุฏุงุฆู…ุงู‹ ู†ุชุฐูƒุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุจุนุชุจุฑ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€
291
00:28:36,270 --> 00:28:40,490
ยซุซู„ุงุซ ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุงุชยป ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู†ุงุชุฌ ุนู† ยซู‡ุงุฑุฏูŠ ูˆุงู†ุจุฑุฌยป
292
00:28:40,490 --> 00:28:45,730
Analysis ู„ุงุฒู… ู„ูˆุญุฏูƒ ูŠุญูุธู‡ู… ูˆุฅุฐุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฅูŠุฌูŠ ุจุฏูƒ ุชุฏูˆุฑ
293
00:28:45,730 --> 00:28:50,130
ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุณูˆูŠู†ู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ูŠุฌูŠู†ูŠ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ
294
00:28:50,130 --> 00:28:59,270
ุงู„ู€Prevalence ุฃูˆ ู…ุฏู‰ ุงู†ุชุดุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€Q
295
00:28:59,270 --> 00:29:05,460
ุชุฑุจูŠุนุงู„ู€ frequency of the disease individual
296
00:29:05,460 --> 00:29:10,400
ู†ุณุจุชู‡ู… high ู„ู€ Q ุชุฑุจูŠุฉ ุฅุฐุงู‹ ุงู„ู€ frequency ุชุจุนุช
297
00:29:10,400 --> 00:29:16,640
ุงู„ุฃู„ูŠู„ ุชุฎู„ุท ุฌุฏุฑ ูู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุนุทุงู†ูŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู†
298
00:29:16,640 --> 00:29:21,180
ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ carrier ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ rare disease ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰
299
00:29:21,180 --> 00:29:29,090
ู…ูŠุชูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุฃู… ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏ ู†ุต ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุงุนู†ุฏู‡ุง
300
00:29:29,090 --> 00:29:35,710
ู‡ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† career ูุงู„ุญุงู„ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู†ุตูŠุจุฉ ุฃู†ู‡
301
00:29:35,710 --> 00:29:39,970
ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุชูŠู† ุงู„ individual ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุฎุฏุช ู…ู†ู‡ ุงู„ spare
302
00:29:39,970 --> 00:29:44,950
ูƒุงู† ูƒู…ุงู† career ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุงูŠ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„
303
00:29:44,950 --> 00:29:50,430
ุงุชุฌูˆุฒุชู‡ ูุฃุณุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุฎูŠุงุฑ ุซุงู†ูŠ ุจุฏุฃ ุชุบูŠุฑ ูˆุฌุงุจุช ุฅู†ุณุงู†
304
00:29:50,430 --> 00:29:57,940
ุซุงู†ูŠ ูŠุธู„ููŠ ู‚ุถูŠุฉ ุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ุงุช ุฅู†ู‡ ุฅุฐุง ุตุงุฑ ุฅุดูŠ ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุฑุฉ
305
00:29:57,940 --> 00:30:02,800
ู…ุด ุจุงู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ูƒู„ ุญู…ู„ ุฅุดูŠ
306
00:30:02,800 --> 00:30:08,520
ู…ู†ูุตู„ ูˆุงู„ู†ุณุจ ุจุชุธู„ู‡ุง ุซุงุจุชุฉ ุฏุง ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุฃุจุงุก ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูู‡ู†ุง
307
00:30:08,520 --> 00:30:14,760
ูˆุงุญุฏ ุซุงู†ูŠ ุจุฑุถู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุชูŠู† ูู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ู†ุตู
308
00:30:14,760 --> 00:30:20,020
ูุจุชุตูŠุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุฑุจุนู…ูŠุฉ ูู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุชู…ุดูŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑ ู…ุงุดูŠ ููŠ
309
00:30:20,020 --> 00:30:20,840
ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰
310
00:30:27,340 --> 00:30:33,120
ุฅุฐุง ุญุฏ ุจุงู„ู€Chat ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุงุณุชูุณุงุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุคุงู„ ุขุฎุฑุŒ ู†ุดูˆู
311
00:30:33,120 --> 00:30:36,280
ุงู„ู€ChatุŒ ุขู‡
312
00:30:41,500 --> 00:30:45,760
ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุช ุญูƒูŠุช ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ Stop
313
00:30:45,760 --> 00:30:54,220
Codons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ EATT ูˆุงู„ู€ CATT ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุง .. ูŠุนู†ูŠ
314
00:30:54,220 --> 00:30:58,240
ู…ุง ุฑูƒุฒุช ุฃู†ุช ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุงุดูŠุงุกุŸ ู„ุฃ ุฃู†ุง .. ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ
315
00:30:58,240 --> 00:31:02,000
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ู‚ุฑูŠุช ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงุจุฉ ู‡ุงูŠุด ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุนู„ู‰
316
00:31:02,000 --> 00:31:07,900
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ trick ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ุง ุฅู†ูƒ ุฃู†ุช
317
00:31:07,900 --> 00:31:14,560
ุชู†ุชุจู‡ ุฅุฐุงุงู„ู€ Codon ู„ู€ Amino Acid ููŠ ุงู„ู†ูุตุŒ ููŠ ู†ูุต
318
00:31:14,560 --> 00:31:21,360
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุŒ ุงุชุญูˆู„ ู„ู€ Stop CodonุŒ ุดูˆ ุฑุญ ูŠุตูŠุฑุŸ ู‡ู„ูŠุฉ
319
00:31:21,360 --> 00:31:26,140
ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุฑุญ ุชูˆู‚ูุŒ ูุฑุงุญ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ูƒ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
320
00:31:26,140 --> 00:31:30,460
ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌุŒ ู‡ูˆ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูƒ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ ู‚ุตูŠุฑุŒ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
321
00:31:30,460 --> 00:31:37,380
ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ ู…ุด ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŒ ูˆุงู„ุณุจุจ ุฃู† ู‡ุงูŠ ุงุชุบูŠุฑุช ู„ู‡ุงูŠุŒ ูุงู‡ู…
322
00:31:37,380 --> 00:31:42,640
ุนู„ูŠูƒ ูƒูŠูุŸูููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุดูˆู ุฅู†ู‡ ูƒุชุงุจ ู„ูƒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
323
00:31:42,640 --> 00:31:48,880
ู‡ุธู‡ุฑู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ
324
00:31:48,880 --> 00:31:56,900
ุฃุดูˆู ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุงุณุชุบุฑุจุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ูƒุชุจ ุจุชุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
325
00:31:56,900 --> 00:32:01,600
ุฃุดูŠุงุก ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠู‡ ู…ุฑุงุช
326
00:32:04,070 --> 00:32:09,350
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Diseases ูˆู„ุง ูƒุฏู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุดุฑุญูˆุง ุนู†ู‡ ู‡ูŠ
327
00:32:09,350 --> 00:32:15,530
ุจุชุนุทูŠูƒ ููƒุฑุฉ ูˆู„ุง ู‡ุฐูŠ
328
00:32:15,530 --> 00:32:23,410
ุจุณ ู„ู€Gen ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃุทู„ู‘ู‚ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
329
00:32:23,410 --> 00:32:28,370
ู‡ูˆ ุฅู†ู‡ ุนู† ุงู„ู€Alternative Splicing
330
00:32:35,100 --> 00:32:41,880
ุฃู†ุง ู‡ุณุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฑูˆุญ ู†ุฏูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุจุณ ู„ู…ุง ู†ูƒูˆู† ุฃู†ู‡
331
00:32:41,880 --> 00:32:46,180
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู‡ูˆ ุจุตูู„ูƒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€โ€ฆ ุงู„ู€โ€ฆ ุงู„ู€โ€ฆ ุงู„ูƒูˆูŠุณ ููŠ
332
00:32:46,180 --> 00:32:51,060
ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ุฉ ุตุฑุงุญุฉ ูƒู‚ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุฃู† ู†ูุณูŠ ุงุณุชู…
333
00:32:51,060 --> 00:32:56,360
ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู‡ูˆ ู‡ุชุทู„ู‚ ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ู‡ุณุง ู…ุซู„ุง ุดุฑุญู†ุง
334
00:32:56,360 --> 00:33:02,150
ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุงู„ู€Hemophilia ุจุดูƒู„ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุด ู‚ุตุฏูŠ ู‡ุฐุง
335
00:33:02,150 --> 00:33:05,690
ุฃู† ู†ูƒูˆู† hematology lecture ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุญู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ
336
00:33:05,690 --> 00:33:08,670
ุชุงุฎุฏูˆู‡ุง ุจุงู„ู€ hematology ุฅุญู†ุง ุจุฏุฃู†ุง ู†ุฑูƒุฒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
337
00:33:08,670 --> 00:33:14,670
genetics ูุงู„ู€ genetics ูŠุนู†ูŠ simple ูˆู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„
338
00:33:14,670 --> 00:33:21,490
rules ุชุจุนุชู‡ุง ุจุญูŠุซ ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุงุชุจูŠู†ู‡
339
00:33:21,490 --> 00:33:27,750
ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุดูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ ุทูŠุจ
340
00:33:28,700 --> 00:33:38,680
ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุธู† ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ุซุงู…ู†ุŒ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
341
00:33:38,680 --> 00:33:43,200
ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉุŒ ุงุณุชู… ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุตุฑุงุญุฉ ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุฃุญู…ุฏุŒ ููŠู‡ุง
342
00:33:43,200 --> 00:33:49,660
ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ู…ููŠุฏุฉุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุช ุชุฎูŠู„ุชู‡ุง ูˆูƒุฐุงุŒ ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠูƒุŒ ูˆ
343
00:33:49,660 --> 00:33:51,920
ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ุดูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ
344
00:33:56,640 --> 00:33:59,860
ุงู„ู…ุญู‚ู‚ูŠู† ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจุฅุฒุงู„ุฉ ุนูŠูˆุจ ุงู„ุจุดุฑ ูˆูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจุฅุฒุงู„ุฉ
345
00:33:59,860 --> 00:34:01,120
ู…ุตุฏุฑ RNA ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ
346
00:34:01,120 --> 00:34:02,480
ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ
347
00:34:02,480 --> 00:34:03,120
ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ
348
00:34:03,120 --> 00:34:07,020
ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ
349
00:34:07,020 --> 00:34:07,160
ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ
350
00:34:07,160 --> 00:34:08,340
ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ
351
00:34:08,340 --> 00:34:23,020
ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ ู…ุญุฏุซ
352
00:34:23,020 --> 00:34:29,530
ู…ุจุนุฏ ุฅุฏุฎุงู„ ุงู„ู€ Vector ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุงุช ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง
353
00:34:29,530 --> 00:34:34,130
ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุณุจุฉุŒ ูŠุชุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุงู„ู‡ูŠุงุฑูƒูˆู„ุชุฑูŠุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ
354
00:34:34,130 --> 00:34:39,470
ุจูŠูˆ-ุฑูŠุงูƒุชุฑูŠุฉ ู„ุฅู†ุดุงุก ูƒู…ูŠุงุช ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ
355
00:34:39,470 --> 00:34:43,390
ุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ DNA ู…ุญุฏุฏุฉุŒ
356
00:34:43,390 --> 00:34:48,070
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ู‡ูŠ ุฃูƒุชุฑ ู…ุณุชุญูŠู„ู‹ุง ู…ุณุชุฎุฏู…ุฉ ู„ุฃูŠ ู†ูˆุน ู…ู†
357
00:34:48,070 --> 00:34:50,110
ุงู„ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉุŒ
358
00:34:55,350 --> 00:35:03,230
ุจุฑูˆุฌุณุชุฑูˆู†ุŸ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ุง ุฃูู‡ู… ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุนูŠุจ
359
00:35:03,230 --> 00:35:10,630
ููŠ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡
360
00:35:10,630 --> 00:35:16,830
ุฅุฐุง ู…ุง ุนู†ุฏูƒ ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุช ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญุทู‡ ุจุฎุฑุจุทูƒ
361
00:35:16,830 --> 00:35:22,880
ูˆู…ุด ู…ููŠุฏ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู† ูŠุนู†ูŠู‡ุฐู‡
362
00:35:22,880 --> 00:35:30,260
ุชุญุชุงุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุฉ ุชูƒูˆู† ุนุงุฑูู‡ุง ุงู„ุขู† ุจุณุฃู„ุŒ ุจุณุฃู„ ู…ุซู„
363
00:35:30,260 --> 00:35:37,520
ูƒุฑูŠู… ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูƒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุŒ ุดูˆ
364
00:35:37,520 --> 00:35:42,060
ู‡ูˆุŸ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุชุฌูŠุจู‡ุŸ ุดุงูŠู ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุฅุจุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
365
00:35:42,060 --> 00:35:45,880
ุจู†ุนุทูŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠุŸ ุณูˆุงุก type 1 ุฃูˆ type 2ุŒ
366
00:35:45,880 --> 00:35:49,260
ุจู†ุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู†ุŒ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจู†ุฌูŠุจู‡ุŸ
367
00:35:56,590 --> 00:36:02,290
ุฃูŠ ุทุงู„ุจ ุจูŠุญุจ ูŠุดุงุฑูƒุŸ
368
00:36:02,290 --> 00:36:09,690
ู†ุนู… ุฃู‡ู„ุง
369
00:36:09,690 --> 00:36:14,210
ูˆุณู‡ู„ุง ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุฑุถู‰ ุนู„ูŠูƒ ูŠุง ูƒุฑูŠู… ุฃู†ุช ุฃูˆ ุฃูŠ ุทุงู„ุจ ุซุงู†ูŠ
370
00:36:14,210 --> 00:36:19,550
ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ ููŠ ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ุขู† ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ
371
00:36:19,550 --> 00:36:23,930
ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุนู†ู‡ human insulin ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ุจู†ุฌูŠุจู‡ุŸ
372
00:36:27,400 --> 00:36:33,840
ูˆุตู„ู‘ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑุงุช ุขู‡ุŒ ูƒูŠูุŸ
373
00:36:33,840 --> 00:36:37,480
ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุง ุงุณุชุฎู„ุตูˆู‡ุŒ ุงุณุชุฎู„ุตูˆู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ุฑู† ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู†
374
00:36:37,480 --> 00:36:43,180
ุตุงุฑูˆุง ูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ู…ู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูˆุตุงุฑูˆุง ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช
375
00:36:43,180 --> 00:36:48,860
ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ุตุญูŠุญุŒ ู„ุฃุŒ ู…ุด ุจุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑุŒ ู…ุฎุชุจุฑุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ
376
00:36:48,860 --> 00:36:52,240
ูุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ
377
00:36:52,240 --> 00:36:53,420
ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน
378
00:36:56,560 --> 00:37:04,260
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ู€ ยซุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู†ยป
379
00:37:04,260 --> 00:37:10,660
ุฒู…ุงู† ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ูƒุงู†ูˆุง ูŠุนุฒู„ูˆุง ุงู„ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
380
00:37:10,660 --> 00:37:18,640
ูŠุนุฒู„ูˆุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุจู‚ุฑ ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ุจู‚ุฑุฉ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ููŠู‚ุฏุฑูˆุง ูŠูู„ุชุฑูˆุง
381
00:37:18,640 --> 00:37:22,640
ุฏู…ู‡ุง ูˆูŠุนุฒู„ูˆุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ ยซุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู†ยป
382
00:37:22,640 --> 00:37:28,270
ุชุจุน ุงู„ุจู‚ุฑูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ูŠุญู‚ู‚ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ููŠู‡ ูู‡ูŠูƒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุตู„ุง
383
00:37:28,270 --> 00:37:35,610
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ู…ุด ู…ุชุทุงุจู‚ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ ู„ู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู†
384
00:37:35,610 --> 00:37:41,150
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูููŠู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุชู‡
385
00:37:41,150 --> 00:37:45,970
ุดูˆูŠู‡ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุจุดุฑูŠ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ
386
00:37:45,970 --> 00:37:50,650
ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู…ุงูƒู†ุด ู†ุงูุน ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุจุณ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ูƒุงู† ูŠู…ูˆุชูˆุง
387
00:37:50,650 --> 00:37:56,520
ูˆู…ุถุทุฑูŠู† ู†ุนุทูŠู‡ู… ูŠุงู… ุชู…ุงู…ุŸูู‡ุณุง ู„ู…ุง ุชู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู†ุช ูŠุง ูƒุฑูŠู…
388
00:37:56,520 --> 00:38:02,480
ูƒูŠู ุตู†ุนูˆู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ุงู„ู€ stem ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุจูŠุดุฑุญ ูƒูŠู
389
00:38:02,480 --> 00:38:07,360
ุตู†ุนูˆู‡ ุงู„ุฃุตู„
390
00:38:07,360 --> 00:38:13,080
ู„ู…ุง ุฃู†ุช ุฃู†ุช ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู‡ุชู… ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู‡ุฏููƒ ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก
391
00:38:13,080 --> 00:38:19,460
ุชุฃุฐู„ ุงู„ู€ gene ุชุจุนู‡ ู…ุงุดูŠ ุจุฏูƒ ุชุฃุฐู„ ุงู„ู€ DNA ุงู„ู„ูŠ
392
00:38:19,460 --> 00:38:26,330
ุจูŠุญุชูˆูŠ ุงู„ู€ Insulin ุชุจุนู‡ุงู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ ุงู„ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุช ุจุฏูƒ
393
00:38:26,330 --> 00:38:32,170
ุฅูŠู‡ ููŠู‡ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ู…ู† ุชู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฎุฏ ุงู„ู€
394
00:38:32,170 --> 00:38:36,790
ยซุฌูŠู†ยป ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ ยซDNAยป ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ ุฅุดูŠ
395
00:38:36,790 --> 00:38:40,470
ุงุณู…ู‡ ยซIntron ูˆุฅูƒุณูˆู†ยป ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุชุงุฎุฏ ุฃู†ุช ุงู„ู€ ยซDNAยป
396
00:38:40,470 --> 00:38:46,470
ูƒู„ู‡ ู…ุง ุจุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุชุงุฎุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุทุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ุจุณ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
397
00:38:46,470 --> 00:38:49,950
ุชุตูŠุฑู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ Transcription ูˆ Translation ุจุญูŠุซ ุชุตูŠุฑ
398
00:38:49,950 --> 00:38:56,200
Amino Acidุจุฏูƒ ุชุฃุฎุฐ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ DNA ูุงู„ุฃุณู‡ู„ ู…ุฑุงุช ุฅู†ูƒ ุฅุฐุง
399
00:38:56,200 --> 00:39:01,900
ุจุชุฏูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฅุดูŠ ุงู„ู€ Messenger RNA ุชุจุนู‡ ู…ุงุดูŠ ูุฅุฐุง
400
00:39:01,900 --> 00:39:08,320
ุฃู†ุช ู…ู‡ุชู… ุจุฅุดูŠ ุจุฑูˆุญ ุจุฌูŠุจ ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุจุฏูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุฒู„ ุงู„ู€
401
00:39:08,320 --> 00:39:13,060
Messenger RNA ุชุจุน ุงู„ุฅุดูŠ ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุงู‡ุฒุฉ
402
00:39:13,060 --> 00:39:17,210
ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏูŠู‡ุงุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉู‹ ูƒุงู…ู„
403
00:39:17,210 --> 00:39:22,310
ูˆุจูŠุฏูŠุงู‡ ูƒู€ Amino Acid ูˆุงุดูŠ ุชุญุทูŠู‡ู† ุงู„ู€ Protein
404
00:39:22,310 --> 00:39:29,330
ู…ุงุจุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ Exons ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Introns ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฅุถุงููŠ ูู‡ูˆ
405
00:39:29,330 --> 00:39:36,150
ุฃู†ุง ุจู‚ูˆู„ูƒ ุฃู†ุง ุฑูˆุญุช ูˆุนุฒู„ุช ุงู„ู€ RNA ุงู„ู€ RNA ุจุงู„ุฃู„ุงุช
406
00:39:36,150 --> 00:39:41,370
ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุจุงู„ู€ PCRุจุงู„ู€ Polymerase Chain
407
00:39:41,370 --> 00:39:48,270
Reaction ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠ ุฌุจุชุŒ ุดูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ ุฌุจุช ุงู„ู€ RNA ุจู€
408
00:39:48,270 --> 00:39:51,770
Reverse Transcriptase ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Enzyme ุงู„ู„ูŠ
409
00:39:51,770 --> 00:39:58,690
ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ุทู„ู‘ู‚ ู„ู„ู€ DNA ู„ู„ู€ RNA ู‡ุฐุง ูƒูˆู†ุช RNA DNA
410
00:39:58,690 --> 00:40:04,030
Double Strand ุญุทูŠุช ู‚ุฏุงู…ู‡ุง Promoter ูˆุญุทูŠุช
411
00:40:04,030 --> 00:40:10,230
Terminator ุจุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ูˆู‡ุฐูˆู„ุง ุญุทูŠุชู‡ู… ุจู€ P-VectorVector
412
00:40:10,230 --> 00:40:19,730
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุจูŠุญูƒู… ุญุงู„ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ูƒู„ ุงู„ุดุบู„ ู‡ุฐุง
413
00:40:19,730 --> 00:40:24,770
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ุดุบู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Cell Culture ุตุนุจ ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุงู„ู€
414
00:40:24,770 --> 00:40:29,950
Culture ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑ ุฃุณู‡ู„ ุจูƒุชูŠุฑ ูุฃู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ูƒูŠู ุฃุตู„ุง
415
00:40:29,950 --> 00:40:33,810
ุจู†ุตู†ุน ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู† ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุณุคุงู„ูŠ ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุบุงู„ุจ
416
00:40:34,610 --> 00:40:38,610
ุฌุงุจูˆุง ุงู„ู€ RNA ุชุจุน ุงู„ุฅู†ุณู„ูŠู† ูˆุฑุฌุนูˆุง ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู€ DNA
417
00:40:38,610 --> 00:40:42,490
ุงู„ูƒุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู†ุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ ู…ุด ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ููŠ ุฌุณู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†
418
00:40:42,490 --> 00:40:48,650
ุฃุญูŠุงู†ู‹ุง ููŠู‡ Introns ูˆExons ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุญูˆู„ู†ุงู‡ุง ู„ู€ DNA
419
00:40:48,650 --> 00:40:54,690
ูˆ ุงู„ู€ DNA ุญุทูŠุช ุฅุดูŠ ูŠุฌุจุฑ ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุชุนุฑู ูˆูŠู† ุชุจุฏุฃ ูˆ
420
00:40:54,690 --> 00:40:59,140
ูˆูŠู† ุชูˆู‚ู ุงู„ู€ Promoter ุนุดุงู† ุชุจุฏุฃูˆุงู„ู€ Terminator
421
00:40:59,140 --> 00:41:04,640
ุนุดุงู† ูŠุชูˆู‚ู ุนุดุงู† ุฃูƒูˆู† ุณุฎู„ูŠ ุฃูˆ ุฃุดุชุบู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ุทุนุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
422
00:41:04,640 --> 00:41:09,320
ุจุญุทู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Vector ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Virus ุงู„ู€ Plasmid
423
00:41:09,320 --> 00:41:14,940
ุนุดุงู† ูŠู†ุญู‚ู† ุฌูˆุง ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ูˆุฌูˆุง ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุจุชุทูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡
424
00:41:14,940 --> 00:41:24,710
ุงู„ุดุบู„ุชุชู…ุŒ ุดูˆ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุงุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชุชู… ุงู„ู€ TranslationุŒ
425
00:41:24,710 --> 00:41:27,590
ุงู„ู€ Transcription ูˆ Translation ูุจุชุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€
426
00:41:27,590 --> 00:41:33,210
Protein ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‘ูŠู‡ุง ูู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุจูŠุดุฑุญ ู‡ุฐู‡
427
00:41:33,210 --> 00:41:38,830
ุงู„ู‚ุงุนุฏุฉ ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุดุฑุญ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ
428
00:41:38,830 --> 00:41:41,910
ู„ู„ุณุคุงู„
429
00:41:41,910 --> 00:41:43,850
ู‡ู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ
430
00:41:45,510 --> 00:41:50,330
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูˆู‡ุง ุนุดุงู† ูŠู†ุชุฌูˆุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู†
431
00:41:50,330 --> 00:41:53,450
ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ุง ุจุนุฑู ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฑูู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ
432
00:41:53,450 --> 00:41:58,830
ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู† ุจุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ุจุณ ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู‡ ู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุชุจุน
433
00:41:58,830 --> 00:42:01,190
ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุจุฏู†ุงู‡ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง
434
00:42:01,190 --> 00:42:04,790
ยซRecomponent DNA Technologyยป ยซRecomponentยป ูŠุนู†ูŠ
435
00:42:04,790 --> 00:42:08,730
ุฃู†ุช ุจุชุญุท ุชุจุน ุงู„ููŠุฑูˆุณ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุจุน ุงู„ุจูƒุชูŠุฑูŠุง ุนู„ู‰ ุชุจุน
436
00:42:08,730 --> 00:42:16,090
ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุนู„ู‰ ุชุจุน ูƒุฐุงุŒ ุจุชุญุท DNA ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉุจุณ ุจูŠุธู„ ู‡ูŠ ู†ูุณ
437
00:42:16,090 --> 00:42:20,590
ุงู„ู…ุจุงุฏุฆ DNA ู„ู€ RNA ู„ู€ Polypeptide chain ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏูƒ
438
00:42:20,590 --> 00:42:26,370
ุชูƒูˆู† ุชู…ุดูŠ ุจุงู„ุซู„ุงุซ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ูู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุฌูŠุณุชุฑูˆู† ู‡ูˆ
439
00:42:26,370 --> 00:42:33,810
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญุทูˆู„ู‡ ุดูƒู„ู‡ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุจุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ู…ุซู„ุง
440
00:42:33,810 --> 00:42:40,310
ุงู„ู€ cancer ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ issue ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุฌูŠุณุชุฑูˆู† ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ other
441
00:42:40,310 --> 00:42:50,580
thingsูƒู€ Blocker ุฃูˆ ุฅุดูŠ ูุงู„ู€
442
00:42:50,580 --> 00:42:53,660
ุงู„ุดุบู„
443
00:42:53,660 --> 00:43:00,820
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูƒ ุชุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ุง ู…ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
444
00:43:00,820 --> 00:43:06,800
ู‡ูˆ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ protein hormones ุงู„ู€
445
00:43:06,800 --> 00:43:10,780
receptor ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ู… ุนู„ู‰ ุณุทุญ ุงู„ุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ lipid hormone
446
00:43:11,270 --> 00:43:15,990
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ SteroidsุŒ ููŠู‡ GlucocorticoidsุŒ
447
00:43:15,990 --> 00:43:19,530
MineralocorticoidsุŒ Sex HormonesุŒ ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฒูŠ
448
00:43:19,530 --> 00:43:24,590
ู‡ูŠูƒูŠ ุงู„ู€ Receptor ุชุจุนู‡ู… Intracytoplasmic ูู‡ู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ
449
00:43:24,590 --> 00:43:28,690
ุฃู†ุง ุฃุธู† ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ุŒ ุงู„ู€ trick ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ุฅู† ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ู…
450
00:43:28,690 --> 00:43:32,810
ุจุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู€ glucagon ูˆุงู„ุฅู†ุณู„ูŠู†
451
00:43:32,810 --> 00:43:38,170
ูˆุงู„ุฅู†ุณู„ูŠู†ุงุช ูˆุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠุฑูˆูŠุฏ ูˆุงู„ุจุฑูˆุฌุณุชุฑูˆู„ ูˆุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏ ุงู„ู€
452
00:43:38,170 --> 00:43:42,130
intraceptive platelet ู…ู†ูŠ ูุงู‡ู… ุฃู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ
453
00:43:42,130 --> 00:43:50,060
ุฌุงุจุชู‡ู… ุตุญูŠุญุฉ ู…ุงุดูŠุจุณ ู‡ู†ุง ุจู‚ูˆู„ูƒ DNA-binding proteins
454
00:43:50,060 --> 00:43:53,880
include transcription factorsุŒ Steroids receptors
455
00:43:53,880 --> 00:43:56,820
and thyroid hormone receptors, fat-soluble
456
00:43:56,820 --> 00:44:00,360
receptors, vitamin DุŒ DNA transcription or
457
00:44:00,360 --> 00:44:10,960
replication proteinsุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ ุณุคุงู„ ุตุนุจ ูˆูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชูƒู„ู…
458
00:44:10,960 --> 00:44:14,340
ุนู† ู…ูˆุงุถูŠุน ุนู…ูŠู‚ุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ูˆูŠุนู†ูŠ
459
00:44:15,680 --> 00:44:20,920
ุจุฏูˆ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู‚ู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ู„ูˆ ุทู„ุนุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„
460
00:44:20,920 --> 00:44:25,540
ู…ุง ูƒู†ุช ุฑุงุญ ุนุงุฑู ุฃุชุฌุงูˆุจู‡ ูƒู†ุช ุฑุงุญ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุงู„ู€high
461
00:44:25,540 --> 00:44:30,520
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุฌูŠุณุชุฑูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุณุงุณ ู‡ูˆ ู…ู† ู†ูˆุนูŠุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุณุชู…
462
00:44:30,520 --> 00:44:34,440
ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ูˆุงุถุญ ููŠ ุฃุดูŠุงุก ูƒุชูŠุฑ ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุจุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ
463
00:44:34,440 --> 00:44:38,720
ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูƒ ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง receptor ู„ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ุฃู†ูˆู‡ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ู‡ุฐุง ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡
464
00:44:38,720 --> 00:44:40,860
ู…ุง ุจุนุฑูู‡ุง ู…ุงูƒู†ุช ุนุงุฑูู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„
465
00:44:45,120 --> 00:44:54,080
ููŠ ุณุคุงู„ ู…ู† ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑุฉ ู†ุงุฏูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุงู†
466
00:44:54,080 --> 00:44:59,840
ููŠู‡ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ Weinberg equation ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุงู„ู…ูุชุฑุถ
467
00:44:59,840 --> 00:45:05,260
ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุญุงู…ู„ ู„ู„ู…ุฑุถ ู‡ูŠ 2Q ูˆู…ุด Q ูˆุงุญุชู…ุงู„
468
00:45:05,260 --> 00:45:10,510
ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠู†ู‚ู„ ุงู„ุฃู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุญุงู…ู„ ู‡ูŠ ู†ุตู…ุด
469
00:45:10,510 --> 00:45:17,210
ุนุงุฑู ู‡ูŠ ุจุชุณุฃู„ ูˆู„ุง ุจุชุนู„ู‚ุŸ ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูˆู†ู‡ุง
470
00:45:17,210 --> 00:45:23,410
ุทู„ุนุช ุฃูˆ ุดูŠ ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู†ุงุดูŠ ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุฃุญู…ุฏ ุจุฏูƒ ุชุจู„ุบูƒ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ
471
00:45:23,410 --> 00:45:30,490
ููŠ ูุฑู‚ ุจูŠู† ู†ุธุฑูŠ ู†ุงุดูŠ ูˆ ุจูŠู† ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุฃู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุฉ
472
00:45:30,490 --> 00:45:42,890
ุนู†ู‡ ุฃุณุง ุฃู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุดุฎุตูŠู† ุญุงู…ู„ูŠู† careerู…ุงุดูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„
473
00:45:42,890 --> 00:45:47,830
.. ู„ู…ุง ุงู„ .. ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุญูƒูŠ ุนู†ู‡ ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ
474
00:45:47,830 --> 00:45:52,170
ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุฃุญู…ุฏ ู…ุนุงูŠุง ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุทุจุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุตุญูŠุญ ูŠุง ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ
475
00:45:52,170 --> 00:45:59,450
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุทูู„ ู…ุตุงุจ ุฅุฐู† ุงู„ุฃุจ ูˆุงู„ุฃู… ุดูˆุง ู„ู€ X
476
00:45:59,450 --> 00:46:02,350
-linked recesses ุฃูˆ Autosomal recesses ุฎู„ูŠู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„
477
00:46:02,350 --> 00:46:04,110
Autosomal recesses ู…ุงุดูŠ
478
00:46:08,330 --> 00:46:16,830
ู„ู…ุง ู†ูƒูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ ุฅุซู†ูŠู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… career ุตุญุŸ
479
00:46:16,830 --> 00:46:20,650
ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ
480
00:46:20,650 --> 00:46:26,090
ุชู…ุงู… ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฅุฐุง ููŠ ุทูู„ ู…ุตุงุจ ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุงู„ุฃุจ
481
00:46:26,090 --> 00:46:34,310
ูˆ ุงู„ุฃู… career ุตุญุŸ ุตุญูŠุญ ุฃูุฑุถุฌุงุจูˆุง ุจุฏู‡ู… ูŠุฌูŠุจูˆุง ุจุฏู‡ู…
482
00:46:34,310 --> 00:46:43,110
ูŠุฎู„ููˆุง ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุทูู„ ุดูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุทูู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญุงู…ู„
483
00:46:43,110 --> 00:46:50,370
ู…ุฑุงููŠู‡ ูˆุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุณุฃู„ ุดูˆ ู†ุณุจุช ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุทู„ุน career ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุทู„ุน
484
00:46:50,370 --> 00:46:57,870
career ู…ุงุดูŠ ู†ุต ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุทู„ุน ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู…ุตุงุจ ุฑุจุน ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุทู„ุน
485
00:46:57,870 --> 00:47:03,070
completely healthy ุฑุจุนู‡ุฐูˆู„ุง ุงู„ู†ุณุจ ู„ุดุฎุต ุฃู†ุง ู…ุง ุจุนุฑู
486
00:47:03,070 --> 00:47:08,490
ู‡ูˆ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุทู„ุน ู…ุตุงุจ ูˆู„ุง ู…ุด ู…ุตุงุจ ูุงู‡ู… ุนู„ูŠูƒ ุฃูŠู‡ุŸ ุจุณ ุฒูŠ
487
00:47:08,490 --> 00:47:13,510
ุงู„ู†ุณุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ุง ุงู„ุจู†ุช
488
00:47:13,510 --> 00:47:22,630
ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุชุณุฃู„ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุญุงู…ู„ ูˆุฃุฎูˆู‡ุง ู…ุตุงุจ
489
00:47:22,630 --> 00:47:31,890
ู…ุงุดูŠ ู‡ูŠ ููŠ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุตุงุจุฉุŸ ุดูˆ ุฑุฃูŠูƒุŸุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†
490
00:47:31,890 --> 00:47:35,450
ุงู„ูˆุงู„ุฏ ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุงู„ุฏุฉุŒ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญู…ู„
491
00:47:35,450 --> 00:47:59,090
ุงู„ู€โ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆโ€ฆ
492
00:48:00,500 --> 00:48:07,100
ุงู„ุจู†ุช ู„ู…ู‘ุง ุฃู†ู‚ุฌุช ูˆุนู…ุฑู‡ุง ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุณู†ุฉ ูˆุตุงุฑุช ุญุงู…ู„
493
00:48:08,090 --> 00:48:16,010
ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ุฑูุจุน ุจุฑูุจุน ุจู†ูุตุŒ ุฑูุจุน
494
00:48:16,010 --> 00:48:24,470
ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู…ูุตุงุจุฉุŒ ุฑูุจุน ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู…ูุตุงุจุฉุŒ
495
00:48:24,470 --> 00:48:27,850
ุฑูุจุน ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู…ูุตุงุจุฉุŒ ุฑูุจุน ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู…ูุตุงุจุฉุŒ ุฑูุจุน ุฅู†ู‡ุง
496
00:48:27,850 --> 00:48:37,830
ู…ูุตุงุจุฉุŒ ุฑูุจุน ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู…ูุตุงุจุฉุŒ
497
00:48:39,660 --> 00:48:46,440
ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู†ุตุŸ ู„ุฃุŒ ุณู„ุณุงู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ูƒุฏู‡ุŸ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุณู„ุณุงู† ุตุญูŠุญุŒ
498
00:48:46,440 --> 00:48:49,640
ู„ุฃู† ุฃู†ุช ุชู„ุบูŠ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ ยซุญุงู…ู„ยป ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฑุจุน ุฅู†ู‡
499
00:48:49,640 --> 00:48:53,980
ุญุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจุŒ ู‡ูŠ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ู…ุด ู…ุตุงุจุฉุŒ ุจุณ ุดูˆ
500
00:48:53,980 --> 00:49:00,380
ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุญุงู…ู„ุŒ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง ุณู„ุณุฉุŒ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
501
00:49:00,380 --> 00:49:06,160
ุฃุฑุจุงุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุถุงูŠู„ุงุชุŒ ุจุฎู„ูŠู‡ู… ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ุณู„ุณุฉ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฅู†ู‡ุง
502
00:49:06,160 --> 00:49:10,580
completely normalูˆุซู„ุซูŠู† ุฅุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู†
503
00:49:10,580 --> 00:49:16,140
ยซCarrierยป ยซCarrierยป ู…ุธุจูˆุท ูˆู‡ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุบูŠุฑุช ุงู„ู†ุณุจ ู„ุฃู†ู‡
504
00:49:16,140 --> 00:49:20,460
ุฃู†ุง ุนุฑูุช ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู…ุด ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ู‡ูˆ ููŠ ุณุคุงู„ ู…ุดุงุจู‡ ู„ู„ููƒุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
505
00:49:20,460 --> 00:49:22,780
ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุชู‚ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูุงุช ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุงุชู†ุงู‚ุดู†ุง
506
00:49:22,780 --> 00:49:29,300
ุนู„ู‰ ุฅุดูŠ ุฒูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูุงุชุช ููŠ ุณุคุงู„ ู†ูุณ
507
00:49:29,300 --> 00:49:33,900
ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุฃูˆ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒุชุงุจ ู†ูุณู‡ ูƒุชุงุจ
508
00:49:33,900 --> 00:49:40,290
ูƒุงุจู„ุงู† ุฃู‡ ุฃู‡ ุฃู‡ุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ุซู„ุซูŠู† ุตุญูŠุญ ู„ุฃู†
509
00:49:40,290 --> 00:49:43,630
ููŠ ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุซู„ุซ ุฃุฌุงู†ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุณุฃู„ู†ูŠ ู„ูŠุด ุฃุฌุช
510
00:49:43,630 --> 00:49:50,510
ุงู„ุซู„ุซ ุงู„ุซู„ุซ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุฃุชุฃูƒุฏุช ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุด ู…ุตุงุจุฉ
511
00:49:50,510 --> 00:49:55,090
ู…ุธู‡ุฑูŠู‹ุง ุจู…ุง ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุด ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ุฅุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡
512
00:49:55,090 --> 00:50:00,680
ุจุชู…ุซู„ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู…ุตุงุจุฉ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ู„ุณุฉ ุงู„ุฃู… ุญุงู…ู„ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ ูˆ
513
00:50:00,680 --> 00:50:07,580
ุจุชุณุฃู„ู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุช ุดูˆ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ุจู†ุช ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูˆู„ุฏ
514
00:50:07,580 --> 00:50:13,780
ูˆู„ุฏ ูˆู„ุง ุจู†ุช ูŠุทู„ุน ู…ุซู„ุง career ุจู‚ูˆู„ูƒ ู†ุตุŒ ู…ุตุงุญุจ ุฑุจุนุŒ
515
00:50:13,780 --> 00:50:18,500
ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุทุจูŠุนูŠ completely normal ุฑุจุนุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ ุฅุฐุง
516
00:50:18,500 --> 00:50:22,940
ุณุฃู„ู†ูŠ ุดูˆ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุธู‡ุฑูŠุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุจู‚ูˆู„ูƒ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
517
00:50:22,940 --> 00:50:30,590
ุงุฑุจุงุน career ูˆ normalูุฅุฐุง ุทู„ุนุช ู‡ูŠ Normal-lookingุŒ
518
00:50:30,590 --> 00:50:33,550
Phenotypical ู‡ูŠ ุดูˆ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู† Career
519
00:50:33,550 --> 00:50:39,790
ุงู„ุซู„ุซุงู†ุฉุŒ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ูู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ
520
00:50:39,790 --> 00:50:50,770
ูŠุฑุณู… ุงู„ุฌุฏุงูˆูŠ ูˆู…ุนูŠู† ูŠุนุฑู ู‡ู„ ุฃู†ุง ุจุญูƒูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุฃู†ุตุญ
521
00:50:50,770 --> 00:50:56,050
ุฃูˆ ุฃุฌุงุจ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุนู† ุฅุดูŠ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ
522
00:50:56,050 --> 00:51:01,690
ุฅู†ู‡ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุงู„ุฐุงุช ุงู„ุฃุจุงุก ูˆุงู„ุฃู…ู‡ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุนุทูˆุง
523
00:51:01,690 --> 00:51:07,770
ู…ุซู„ุงุŒ ู…ุซู„ุง ุจู‚ูˆู„ูƒ ุงู„ุทูู„
524
00:51:07,770 --> 00:51:12,250
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุดูˆ ุงู„ุญู…ู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡
525
00:51:12,250 --> 00:51:16,090
ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ ูŠุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุฅุตุงุจุฉุŸ ุงู„ู€ Autism-recessive
526
00:51:16,090 --> 00:51:20,770
ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฑุจุน ู„ุฃู† ุฃู†ุง ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏ ุงู„ุฃุจุงุก ุงู„ุฃุซู†ูŠู† Carriers
527
00:51:20,770 --> 00:51:27,200
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุทู„ุน ูˆู„ุฏ ู…ุตุงุจ ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ูุฅุฐุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏ
528
00:51:27,200 --> 00:51:31,080
ุงู„ุฃุซู†ูŠู† career ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฒูŠ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู€ Bomb Disease ู‡ุฐุง
529
00:51:31,080 --> 00:51:37,680
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงุจุชู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฃุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุจูˆ
530
00:51:37,680 --> 00:51:42,320
ุฃูƒูŠุฏ career ูู‡ูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุชูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู…
531
00:51:42,320 --> 00:51:48,920
ุงู„ู€Gene ู‡ุฐุง ุทู„ุน ุจุงู„ุตุฏูุฉุŒ ุจุงู„ุญุธ ุงู„ุณูŠุก ุฅู†ู‡ ูƒู…ุงู† ู‡ูˆ
532
00:51:48,920 --> 00:51:53,970
ุญุงู…ู„ ุดุงูŠู ุนู„ูŠุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ุชูŠู†ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ
533
00:51:53,970 --> 00:52:00,930
ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุฉุŒ ุจุณ ู‡ุฐุง ู†ุตูŠุจู‡ู…ุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠ ูุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒ
534
00:52:00,930 --> 00:52:05,130
ยซุทุจ ุดูˆ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู† ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ูุณ
535
00:52:05,130 --> 00:52:11,030
ุงู„ุงุดูŠุŸยป ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ ยซู„ุฃู† ุงู„ุฃู… ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ
536
00:52:11,030 --> 00:52:14,970
ูƒู„ ุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ุฃู„ู ููŠ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŒ ุจู…ุง ุฃู† ุฃู†ุง ุนุฑูุช ุฃู†
537
00:52:14,970 --> 00:52:18,790
ุงู„ุฃู… ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€Carrier ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญุงู…ู„ ุงู„ู€GeneุŒ
538
00:52:18,790 --> 00:52:23,750
ูุฅุฐุง ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฃู† ู‡ูŠ ุชู†ู‚ู„ ู†ุตู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ 1 ุนู„ู‰ 200 ุจุชุตูŠุฑ
539
00:52:23,750 --> 00:52:30,330
1 ุนู„ู‰ 400ุŒ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุฏุฃ ุฃููƒุฑุŒ ู†ุนู… ูƒุฑูŠู… ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏูƒ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚
540
00:52:30,330 --> 00:52:34,870
ุญุงุจุจ ุชุญูƒูŠ ูƒู†ุชุŸ
541
00:52:34,870 --> 00:52:39,450
ู„ู‚ูŠุช ุจุฎุตูˆุต ุณุคุงู„ 20 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ุนู† ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑู‡ ู‚ุจู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉุŒ
542
00:52:39,450 --> 00:52:43,810
ู‡ูˆ ู‚ุฑุฃุช ุฃู†ุง ุชูุณูŠุฑ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู…ู†ุฐ ูุชุฑุฉุŒ ูุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ุงู„ุตุญ ู‡ูˆ
543
00:52:43,810 --> 00:52:48,630
ุจูŠุทู„ุน 1400ุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… 1 ุนู„ู‰ 200 ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ุจูŠุฌูŠ
544
00:52:48,630 --> 00:52:54,590
ู…ุจุงุดุฑุŒ ุงู„ู€Noุจู†ูุฑุถ ุฅู†
545
00:52:54,590 --> 00:53:00,430
ุงู„ู€ยซุณุจูŠุฑู… ุฏูˆู†ุงุฑยป ุชุงู†ูŠ ูŠูƒูˆู† ยซูƒุงุฑูŠุฑยป ูˆุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูุฑุถ
546
00:53:00,430 --> 00:53:05,270
ุฅู† ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุชูˆุฑูŠุซ ุงู„ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ู„ู„ุฅุจู† ู‡ูˆ ู†ุตุŒ ูู„ุฐู„ูƒ
547
00:53:05,270 --> 00:53:09,570
ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ุŒ ุจู†ูุฑุถ ุงู†ู‡ ูƒุงุฑูŠุฑุŒ ูุจุชุฎุฏู… ู‚ุงู†ูˆู† ุงุชู†ุงู† ูˆ ุจูŠู‡ุŒ
548
00:53:09,570 --> 00:53:15,870
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุงุชู†ุงู† ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูŠุชูŠู† ุถุฑุจ ู…ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุชุณุนุฉ
549
00:53:15,870 --> 00:53:22,500
ูƒุฑูŠู… ูƒุฑูŠู…ุณุคุงู„ูƒ ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุฎุทุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุงู„ูŠ ุฃูˆ ูƒู†ุช
550
00:53:22,500 --> 00:53:31,300
ูุงูƒุฑ ููŠู‡ ุจุณ ุฎู„ู‘ูŠ ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑ ุณู‡ู„ุฉ ู…ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ wording ู„ู…ุง
551
00:53:31,300 --> 00:53:39,920
ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู†ุณุจ ู…ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูŠุชูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุณุฎุฉ
552
00:53:39,920 --> 00:53:45,060
ูƒุงู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏูƒ ุชุงุฎุฏู‡ุง ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุตุญุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุงุŒ
553
00:53:45,060 --> 00:53:49,020
ู„ุงุŒ ู„ุง ุชุฏุฎู„ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุนูŠู† ุดูˆูŠู‡ ุชุฑุจุทู‡ู… ุฃุชุจุนุงุฏุŒ ุชุชููƒุฑ
554
00:53:49,020 --> 00:53:58,600
ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŸ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ู„ู…ุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
555
00:53:58,600 --> 00:54:04,620
ุญุณุจุชู‡ุง ูˆุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุนุงู‡ุงุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŸ ุงู„ .. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง
556
00:54:04,620 --> 00:54:09,060
ุญุทูˆุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰ 800ุŒ ุจุฏ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุชููƒุฑ ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ
557
00:54:09,060 --> 00:54:15,200
ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ูˆุฎุฑุจุท ุญุงู„ู‡ุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŸู„ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ุนู„ู‰
558
00:54:15,200 --> 00:54:23,060
ุงู„โ€ฆ ู„ู…ุง ู…ุซู„ุง ุชู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„โ€ฆ
559
00:54:23,060 --> 00:54:32,160
ู…ุซู„ุง ุชู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุซู„ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… O blood group ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุชุณุนุฉ
560
00:54:32,160 --> 00:54:39,700
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ูŠู‡ุŸ ู…ุงุดูŠุŸ ู…ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ ูŠุง ูƒุฑูŠู…ุŸุฃู‡ ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ
561
00:54:39,700 --> 00:54:47,340
ุตุญูŠุญ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ู€Q ุชุฑุจูŠุฉุŒ ุตุญุŸ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง Recessive ุตุญูŠุญุŒ
562
00:54:47,340 --> 00:54:58,240
ุฅุฐุง ุดูˆ ุฅุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€Gen ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุŸ ุดูˆ ุงู„ู€QุŸ
563
00:54:58,240 --> 00:55:03,260
ุงู„ู€900 ู†ุนู…ุŒ
564
00:55:03,260 --> 00:55:08,860
ูู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€Gen 39%ุฑุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุซู„ุงุซ ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฑุญ
565
00:55:08,860 --> 00:55:14,780
ูŠูƒูˆู† point threeุŒ ุตุญุŸ ุตุญูŠุญุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ู€ point three
566
00:55:14,780 --> 00:55:21,320
ุนู„ู‰ ู†ุณุฎุฉ ู‡ูˆู† ุฃูˆ ู†ุณุฎุฉ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู†ุณุฎุชูŠู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถุŒ ูุงู‡ู…
567
00:55:21,320 --> 00:55:27,320
ุนู„ูŠูƒ ูƒูŠูุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุซู„ุงุซูŠู† ุจุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฅุฌู…ุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ two
568
00:55:27,320 --> 00:55:32,780
copies ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู†ุงุช ููŠ ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ู‡ูŠ ู†ุณุจุชู‡ุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰
569
00:55:32,780 --> 00:55:38,860
ุซู„ุงุซุฉุŒ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุฏูƒ ุชูˆู‚ูู‡ุงู…ุง ุจุฃุฎุฏ ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู€ copy
570
00:55:38,860 --> 00:55:43,900
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูˆู„ุง two copies ูˆู„ุง ูƒุฏู‡ุŒ ู‡ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูƒ ุฅู† ุงู„ู€
571
00:55:43,900 --> 00:55:49,400
Q ู‡ูŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุฅู†ูƒ ุฃู†ุช ุจุชูŠุฌูŠ ุจุชุงุฎุฏุงู„ุฌูŠู†ุงุช ุชุจุนุช ู‡ุฐุง
572
00:55:49,400 --> 00:55:56,360
ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ู„ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ ยซpopulationยป ูˆุจุชุดูˆู ู‚ุฏุงุด ู†ุณุจุฉ ู‡ุฐุง
573
00:55:56,360 --> 00:56:00,060
ุงู„ู€ ยซgeneยป ุทุจุนุงู‹ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ ยซtwo copiesยป ุจุฏูŠ ุชูƒูˆู†
574
00:56:00,060 --> 00:56:05,800
ูˆุฅู†ุช ู…ุง ูุฑู‚ุช ุฅู†ู‡ one copy ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆู„ุง ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆู„ุง ุงุซู†ุชูŠู†
575
00:56:05,800 --> 00:56:09,940
ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ูุงู‡ู… ุนู„ูŠูƒ ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ุฅู†ู‡ ุฅุฐุง ุฅู†ุช ู…ุซู„ุง ุนู†ุฏูƒ ู‡ู†ุง
576
00:56:09,940 --> 00:56:13,160
two copies ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ copy ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ูˆู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„
577
00:56:13,160 --> 00:56:18,950
copy ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู„ู„ู€ ยซgeneยป ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู‡ุฐุงูุฃู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุง ุจุดุชุบู„
578
00:56:18,950 --> 00:56:23,230
ุนู„ู‰ ุฐุงูƒ ุงู„ู…ุจุฏุฃ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูุงู†ุช ุฎุฏู‡ุง ุจุจุณุงุทุฉ ุฅู†ู‡ ู„ู…ุง
579
00:56:23,230 --> 00:56:28,170
ู†ุญุทูˆู„ูƒ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฅู†ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุง ุจุนุฑู ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€Copy
580
00:56:28,170 --> 00:56:31,670
ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ู€Homozygous ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ุซู†ุชูŠู†
581
00:56:31,670 --> 00:56:36,250
ู‡ูŠูƒุŒ ุจุณ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ู€Gene ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุจุณุงุทุฉ ููŠ ุงู„
582
00:56:36,250 --> 00:56:41,430
population ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุชุงู†ุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู„ุฃุจูˆ
583
00:56:41,900 --> 00:56:48,660
ู„ู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ุŒ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุชูˆุฑูŠุซ ุงู„ุฃู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ู‡ูˆ 1 ุนู„ู‰ 200ุŒ
584
00:56:48,660 --> 00:56:55,300
ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุทุฉ ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ ูˆุงู„ุฃู… career ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ูุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุŒ ู†ุณุจุฉ
585
00:56:55,300 --> 00:56:59,660
ุฃุนุทุงู‡ุง ู„ู„ู€ Chrome ู„ู„ุฃู„ูŠู„ ู‡ุฐุงุŒ 1 ุนู„ู‰ 2 ูุจุชุทู„ุน
586
00:56:59,660 --> 00:57:05,220
ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ 1 ุนู„ู‰ 400 ู…ุง ุฃู†ุง ุจู‚ูˆู„ุช ุฅู†ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู„ู‰
587
00:57:05,220 --> 00:57:10,040
ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุฅู†ู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Two copies ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ 1 ุนู„ู‰ 200
588
00:57:10,740 --> 00:57:14,940
ู„ุฃุŒ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠุช ู‡ูŠูƒุŒ ุญูƒูŠุช ูƒู„ู‡ุง ูุงู‡ู… ุนู„ูŠูƒ ูƒูŠูุŸ ูู‡ุฐู‡
589
00:57:14,940 --> 00:57:19,200
ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠู†ุชุจุน ุนู„ูŠู‡ุงุŒ ุจุชุฎุฑุจุท ุดูˆูŠุฉุŒ ุฃู‡ุŒ ููŠ ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ
590
00:57:19,200 --> 00:57:24,080
ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŸ ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑุŒ ุฃุธู† ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฏูˆุฑ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„
591
00:57:24,080 --> 00:57:30,020
11 ุฃู‡ุŒ ุดูˆ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ 11ุŸ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฃุฌุฒุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุŸ
592
00:57:30,020 --> 00:57:33,960
ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุŒ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุทูŠุจุŒ
593
00:57:33,960 --> 00:57:41,310
ุทูŠุจุŒ ุฃูŠูˆุฉุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŸุฅุฐุง ุญุงูˆู„ู†ุง ู†ู‚ุฑุฃ ุงู„ู€ STEMุŒ
594
00:57:41,310 --> 00:57:44,930
ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ูŠ ู†ุฑุฌุน ู„ู„ู‚ุจู„ ูƒู€ Pharmaceutical researcher
595
00:57:44,930 --> 00:57:49,330
develops a new drug that affects bacterial protein
596
00:57:49,330 --> 00:57:55,350
synthesis in an experiment ุงู„ู€ E coli was exposed
597
00:57:55,350 --> 00:57:59,330
to that drug and serially cultured in media tagged
598
00:57:59,330 --> 00:58:03,840
nucleotides and amino acidsูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ
599
00:58:03,840 --> 00:58:08,000
ุจูŠุดุฑุญู„ูƒ ุงู„ .. ุดูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..
600
00:58:08,000 --> 00:58:12,120
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุณูŠู†ุงุฑูŠูˆ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ู‚ุจู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€
601
00:58:12,120 --> 00:58:15,000
Recombinant DNA Technology ุจูŠุดุฑุญู„ูƒ ูƒูŠู ุงู†ู‡ู…
602
00:58:15,000 --> 00:58:18,340
ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆู‡ุง ู„ู„ุฃูŠุงู… ู‡ุฐู‡ It is found that the drug
603
00:58:18,340 --> 00:58:22,920
inhibits molecules that recognize the heightened
604
00:58:22,920 --> 00:58:27,220
codon in the bacterial messenger RNA fragment
605
00:58:27,220 --> 00:58:30,700
shown in the image below ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ which of the
606
00:58:30,700 --> 00:58:39,770
following molecules isุจุงู„ุชุฃูƒูŠุฏุŒ ุงู„ู‡ุฏู ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€
607
00:58:39,770 --> 00:59:00,650
UUA ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฌุณู…ู‡ู… ุฃู†ุง ุขุณูุŒ ุทู„ุน ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ
608
00:59:00,650 --> 00:59:02,150
ุงู„ู€
609
00:59:07,510 --> 00:59:14,410
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู€ Heightened Codon in the bacterial RNA
610
00:59:14,410 --> 00:59:20,710
fragment shown in the image below ูุงู„ุดูŠุก
611
00:59:20,710 --> 00:59:24,250
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠุญุงูˆู„ุŒ ุฅุญู†ุง ุนูƒุณ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญูƒูŠู†ุงู‡ ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„
612
00:59:24,250 --> 00:59:32,340
ู‚ุจู„ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู…ุซุงู„ ุฅู†ู‡ ุฃู†ุงุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุฃุฌู‰ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ู€ Stop
613
00:59:32,340 --> 00:59:39,680
codon ุจุดูƒู„ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุงู„ู€ mutation ูˆุจูŠุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
614
00:59:39,680 --> 00:59:47,520
ุฃู‚ู„ุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุทู„ุนุŒ ุดูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŒ ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
615
00:59:47,520 --> 00:59:53,320
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุฃู†ุง ุทูŠุฑุชู‡ุŒ ุทูŠุฑุช ุฌุฒุก ู…ู†ู‡ุŒ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุทู„ุน ู„ูŠู‡
616
00:59:53,320 --> 00:59:56,040
ู‚ุตูŠุฑุŒ ูุงู„ุขู†
617
01:00:00,700 --> 01:00:09,380
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู‡ ุญุงุทุฉ ูˆุงู†ุง ุงู„ู€ UAA ุฃูˆ ุงู„ .. ุงู„ .. ุงู„ ..
618
01:00:09,380 --> 01:00:19,500
ุงู„ .. ุดูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ ู„ูŠุด ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑุŸ
619
01:00:19,500 --> 01:00:25,780
ุงู„
620
01:00:25,780 --> 01:00:32,390
..ู…ุซู„ู‹ุงุŒ ุฃูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูˆู„ูŠูƒูŠูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ุชูˆุงุฌุฏ ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡
621
01:00:32,390 --> 01:00:38,530
ุงู„ุฏุฑูˆูƒุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€Charged RNAุŒ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€Transferable
622
01:00:38,530 --> 01:00:43,830
RNAุŒ ู…ุง ู„ู‡ุงุด ู…ุนู†ู‰ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆุงุŒ ู‡ุงูŠ
623
01:00:43,830 --> 01:00:47,770
ุงู„ู€Segment ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ุŒ ูˆูŠู† ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉุŒ ูˆูŠูƒูˆู†
624
01:00:47,770 --> 01:00:54,010
ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฅุดูŠ ุบูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุงุŒ ุจุชุญุทู‡ุŒ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ
625
01:00:54,360 --> 01:01:02,680
ูุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุฃู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุงุŒ ุดูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎู„ู‘ูŠุช stop codon
626
01:01:02,680 --> 01:01:08,900
ุชูŠุฌูŠุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŸ ูุงู„ู€ which of the following molecules
627
01:01:08,900 --> 01:01:15,680
is the most likely target of this drugุŸ ุงู„ุดูˆ
628
01:01:15,680 --> 01:01:22,470
ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุญูƒูŠู„ูƒู… ุฅูŠุงู‡ุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ุจู…ุง ุฅู†ู‡
629
01:01:22,470 --> 01:01:28,110
ุฃู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ 64 ูƒูˆุฏูˆู† ุงู„ู€ Triplets ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ุงุช 64
630
01:01:28,110 --> 01:01:34,170
ุฅู†ู‡ 4ร—4ร—4 ูˆุนู†ุฏูŠ 20 Amino Acids ูƒู„ Amino Acid ุงู„ู„ูŠ
631
01:01:34,170 --> 01:01:41,270
ุฃูƒุซุฑุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ูƒูˆุฏูˆู† ูุงู„ู€ GUU ูˆุงู„ู€ GUC ูˆุงู„ู€
632
01:01:41,270 --> 01:01:48,510
GUA ูˆุงู„ู€ GUG ูƒู„ู‡ู… ุจูŠุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุงู„ู€ Valine ู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ
633
01:01:48,510 --> 01:01:52,400
ุตุงุฑ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ุงู„ู€ Single Nucleotide ุจูˆู„ูŠู…ูˆููŠุฒู… ู…ุง ุฑุงุญ
634
01:01:52,400 --> 01:01:56,940
ูŠุชุฃุซุฑ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ู€ DNA ุงุฎุชู„ูุŒ ุตุญูŠุญุŒ ุจุณ
635
01:01:56,940 --> 01:02:02,200
ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ู…ุง ุฑุงุญ ูŠุฎุชู„ู ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุง ุฅู„ู‡ ู‡ุงู„ู€ SNP
636
01:02:02,200 --> 01:02:07,740
ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุฃูˆ ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุฅูŠุด ุงุณู…ู‡ Termination of Protein
637
01:02:07,740 --> 01:02:11,900
Synthesis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ Stop Codons ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… UUAA
638
01:02:11,900 --> 01:02:22,540
ูˆUAG ูˆUGA ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ ุงู„ู€ Stop Codon ู‡ุฐู‡ู…ุงุดูŠ ู…ุง ุฅู„ู‡ุง
639
01:02:22,540 --> 01:02:27,380
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ amino acid ุฑุงุญ ูŠุชุฏุฎู„ู‡ ู„ู…ุง ุชุตูŠุฑ
640
01:02:27,380 --> 01:02:33,640
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุดุบู„ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุจุชุตูŠุฑ ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
641
01:02:33,640 --> 01:02:42,400
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุทู„ุน ุฃูˆ ุจูŠุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ูŠู†ูุตู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ ribosome
642
01:02:42,400 --> 01:02:47,640
ูˆูŠู†ูุตู„ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ machinery ุชุจุน ุตู†ุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
643
01:02:47,640 --> 01:02:52,530
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ releasing factorู…ุงุดูŠุŒ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู‚ุทุนุฉ ุฃูˆ
644
01:02:52,530 --> 01:03:01,170
ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุงุญ ุชูƒูˆู† ู„ู…ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชู†ุตุงุจ ุจูŠุธู„ ูŠูƒู…ู„ ุฃูˆ
645
01:03:01,170 --> 01:03:05,470
ุฅุฐุง ุฃุฌุช ููŠ ู†ุต ุฅุดูŠ ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ุฑุงุญ ุชุฎู„ูŠู‡ ูŠูˆู‚ู ู‡ู†ุง ููƒู„ู‡ุง
646
01:03:05,470 --> 01:03:10,290
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ูŠุนุชุจุฑูˆู† ุงู„ู€Releasing Factor ูุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุงุช
647
01:03:10,290 --> 01:03:15,210
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุญุงุทูŠู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€Choice A Charge Transferile RNA
648
01:03:15,210 --> 01:03:18,950
Delivers Amino Acids to the Protein Synthesis
649
01:03:18,950 --> 01:03:27,460
Complexู…ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ charged ู‡ู†ุง ุจู…ุนู†ู‰ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€
650
01:03:27,460 --> 01:03:31,880
Transferral RNA ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ู€ amino acid ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุดุจูƒ
651
01:03:31,880 --> 01:03:35,620
ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ polypeptide chain ุงู„ู€ elongation factors
652
01:03:35,620 --> 01:03:39,720
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… facilitate ุงู„ู€ Transferral RNA binding to
653
01:03:39,720 --> 01:03:43,040
the transcription steps in protein synthesis ูŠุนู†ูŠ
654
01:03:43,040 --> 01:03:48,360
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุจุถูŠูุงู‹ ุงู„ู€ Transcription proteins pre-RNA
655
01:03:49,190 --> 01:03:52,650
ู…ุณู†ุฌุฑ RNAุŒ ู…ูˆู„ูŠูƒูŠูˆู„ ุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Introns
656
01:03:52,650 --> 01:03:56,750
ูˆูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Extrons ูŠุนู†ูŠ
657
01:03:56,750 --> 01:04:07,030
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ RNA ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุง ูŠุทู„ุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุŒ
658
01:04:07,030 --> 01:04:13,390
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุดุจูˆูƒ ููŠู‡ุŒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู€ pre-messenger RNA ุงู„ู€
659
01:04:13,390 --> 01:04:18,630
initiation of gene transcriptionุณูŠู‡ุง ุณู‡ูŠู„ ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ
660
01:04:18,630 --> 01:04:22,710
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ releasing factor ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง stop codon ูŠุนู†ูŠ
661
01:04:22,710 --> 01:04:30,890
ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ุงู„ู€ stop codon ุญุชู‰ ูŠุจุทู„ ูŠุณูˆูŠ translation ุญุชู‰
662
01:04:30,890 --> 01:04:39,050
ูŠุจุทู„ ูŠุนู…ู„ translation ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ูŠูˆู‚ู ุจู†ุงุก ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†
663
01:04:39,050 --> 01:04:45,220
ุนู†ุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŸูู‡ุฏูˆู„ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุดูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ
664
01:04:45,220 --> 01:04:49,340
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ููŠ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุจุชูˆู‚ุน ุฅู† ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุชุฐูƒุฑ
665
01:04:49,340 --> 01:04:55,320
ุฅู† ุงู„ู€UAA ุทุจุนุงู‹ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€Complementary
666
01:04:55,320 --> 01:05:02,960
ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€Stop Codon ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€UAA ูˆุงู„ู€UAG ูˆUGA
667
01:05:04,000 --> 01:05:08,700
ยซุฃุฑุณุชูˆุจูƒูˆุฏูˆู†ุฒยป ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ุฐูƒุฑูˆู‡ู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅุฐุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฅุดูŠ
668
01:05:08,700 --> 01:05:13,600
ุนุดุงู† ุชุนุฑูู‡ ุชุฌุงูˆุจ ูˆุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุฅุฐุง ููŠ ุณุคุงู„ ุจุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑ ุฌุงุจู„ูƒ
669
01:05:13,600 --> 01:05:19,160
ุฅู†ู‡ ู‡ุงูŠ ุฃุฌุงุจ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุงุนุฑู ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠู‡
670
01:05:19,160 --> 01:05:24,760
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชูˆู‚ูŠู ุฃูˆ ุชูˆู‚ูŠู ูŠู…ูƒู† ูŠุณุจุจ ู…ุฑุถ ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ ู†ุต ุฅุดูŠ
671
01:05:24,760 --> 01:05:31,210
ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ุฃูˆ ูŠุณุจุจ ู…ุฑุถ ุฅู†ู‡ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุฃู† ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ
672
01:05:31,210 --> 01:05:35,890
ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ุงู„ุฌุฏู‘ุฉ ูˆุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุง stop codon ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูุชุทู„ุน
673
01:05:35,890 --> 01:05:39,530
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู† ุฃุทูˆู„ ู…ุด ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏูŠู‡ุงุŒ ูุจุฏุฃุช ุชุงุฎุฏู‡ุง
674
01:05:39,530 --> 01:05:48,430
ู‡ูŠูƒุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŸ ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุดูˆู ุณุคุงู„ 14ุŒ ุจุฑู†ุงู…ุฌุŸ ุทูŠุจุŒ ุงุญูƒูŠุŒ
675
01:05:48,430 --> 01:05:56,470
ุงู‚ุฑุฃ ุงู„ู†ูŠุฉ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุฃูˆุตู„ู‡ุŒ ุทูŠุจ
676
01:06:00,210 --> 01:06:06,350
ยซุทููˆู„ุฉ ู…ูˆู„ูˆุฏุฉ ู„ุฃู…ุฑุฃุฉ ุนู…ุฑู‡ุง 34 ุนุงู…ุฉ ู„ุฏูŠู‡ุง ุตูˆุฑุฉ
677
01:06:06,350 --> 01:06:10,870
ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุจุทูŠุฆุฉยป ู…ุง
678
01:06:10,870 --> 01:06:19,410
ู‡ูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃูŠุด ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุชูƒู„ู… ุนู†ู‡ุงุŸ
679
01:06:23,480 --> 01:06:27,760
ยซุชุฑุงูŠุฒูˆู…ูŠ 21ยป ยซุชุฑุงูŠุฒูˆู…ูŠ 21ยปุŒ ุตุญูŠุญุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ ูููŠู‡ Flat
680
01:06:27,760 --> 01:06:31,860
Facial Profile Prominent Epicanthal Fold ุฒูŠ ุชุจุนุงุช
681
01:06:31,860 --> 01:06:35,740
ุงู„ุนูŠูˆู† ุจุชุฎู„ูŠู‡ู… ุฒูŠ ุงู„ุตูŠู†ูŠูŠู† A Holocystolic Murmur
682
01:06:35,740 --> 01:06:38,860
Heard Loudest at the Left External BorderุŒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
683
01:06:38,860 --> 01:06:42,440
Congelital Heart Disease VSD ูˆู„ุง ูƒุฏู‡ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจุชุชุตูŠุฑ
684
01:06:42,440 --> 01:06:47,140
ุงู„ู€Karyotype Analysis is consistent with Trisomy
685
01:06:47,140 --> 01:06:47,660
21
686
01:06:50,160 --> 01:06:54,960
ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ maternal and paternal karyotypes are normal
687
01:06:54,960 --> 01:06:59,620
ุงู„ู€ karyotype analysis consisted with ุงู„ู€ Trisomy
688
01:06:59,620 --> 01:07:05,780
21 ุนู†ุฏ ู…ูŠู† ูŠุง ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ู…ุนุชุฒุฌูŠุŸ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ maternalุŸ ู„ุฃ
689
01:07:08,700 --> 01:07:15,680
ู‡ูˆ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ุนู†ุฏู‡
690
01:07:15,680 --> 01:07:21,280
ู†ูุณู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุฅุชู„ุงู‚ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Trisomy 21 ุงู„ุณุฌูŠู†ุฉ ูุญุตู†ุง ุฃู…ู‡
691
01:07:21,280 --> 01:07:26,720
ูˆุฃุจูˆู‡ ุทู„ุนูˆุง Normal ุทู„ุนูˆุง NormalุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠ A restricted
692
01:07:26,720 --> 01:07:31,820
fragment-length polymorphism analysis is conducted
693
01:07:31,820 --> 01:07:35,600
to determine the parental origin of the extra
694
01:07:35,600 --> 01:07:41,610
chromosomeูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู…ู„ูˆู‡ ู‡ู†ุงุŸ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
695
01:07:41,610 --> 01:07:47,230
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism ุงู„ู€
696
01:07:47,230 --> 01:07:54,250
Restriction Enzyme ู‡ูˆ ุฅู†ุฒุงูŠู… ู…ุงุดูŠ ุจูŠู‚ุทุน ุงู„ู€ DNA ููŠ
697
01:07:54,250 --> 01:08:01,190
ุฃู…ุงูƒู† ู…ุญุฏุฏุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅู„ู‡ ู‚ุทุนุฉ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุฅุฐุง ุดุงูู‡ุง ูˆู‚ูˆู… ู‡ูŠูƒ
698
01:08:01,190 --> 01:08:07,550
ุจู†ุตู‡ุง ุจูŠู‚ุทุน ุงู„ู€ DNA ูุจู†ุชุฌ ุนู† ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ู‡ุฐุง ุฅู†ู‡ูƒูŠู
699
01:08:07,550 --> 01:08:13,050
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู†ุณุชููŠุฏ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎุงุตูŠุฉ ุฃู†ู‡ ุฃู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ู†ู‚ุทุน ุจู‡ุฐุง
700
01:08:13,050 --> 01:08:20,650
ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ุฑุงุญ ูŠู†ุชุฌ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู‚ุทุน ุฃุทูˆุงู„ู‡ุง ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุจูŠู†
701
01:08:20,650 --> 01:08:29,470
ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูุงู‡ู… ุนู„ูŠูƒ ูƒูŠูุŸ ูุงู„ุขู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒูŠู ุฃุนุฑู ุฅู†ู‡ ู‚ุทุน
702
01:08:29,470 --> 01:08:37,070
ุฃุทูˆุงู„ู‡ุง ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉุŸ ุฅู†ู‡ ุจุงุฌูŠ ุจุนู…ู„ Electrophoresisู…ุงุดูŠุŒ
703
01:08:37,070 --> 01:08:40,410
ูู„ู…ุง ุฃุณูˆู„ Electrophoresis ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุธู„ ุนู†ุฏ
704
01:08:40,410 --> 01:08:46,470
ุงู„ู€Origin ุฃูˆ ุจุทูŠุกุŒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฅุซู‚ุงู„ ุงู„ุฅูƒุจุงุฑ ูˆุงู„ุตุบุงุฑ
705
01:08:46,470 --> 01:08:55,130
ุงู„ุฅุฎูุงู ุจูŠุทูŠุฑูˆุง ู„ู‚ุฏุงู… ูƒุซูŠุฑุŒ ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ุชู…ุงู… ูุงู„ุขู†ุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
706
01:08:55,130 --> 01:09:01,250
ุนู…ู„ูˆุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Restriction,
707
01:09:01,370 --> 01:09:05,480
Fragment, Length, Polymorphismุงู„ุชุญู‚ู‚ ููŠ ุชุญู‚ูŠู‚ ุงู„ู€
708
01:09:05,480 --> 01:09:10,500
Lithopoiebolism ูƒุงู† ูŠุชู… ุชุญู‚ูŠู‚ู‡ ู„ุชุญู‚ู‚ ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„
709
01:09:10,500 --> 01:09:15,440
ู„ู€ Extra Chromosome ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃุฌูˆุง ูˆุนู…ู„ูˆุง ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡
710
01:09:15,440 --> 01:09:21,420
ู„ุฌู†ูŠู† ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูู„ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจ ูˆุงู„ุฃุจ ูˆุงู„ุฃู… ุนุดุงู†
711
01:09:21,420 --> 01:09:28,420
ูŠุดูˆููˆุง ู…ู† ุฃูŠู† ุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ ู‡ุฐุงุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸู…ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุŸ
712
01:09:28,420 --> 01:09:32,340
ุฃู…ุงู…ูƒ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ู€ DNA samples from the child mother
713
01:09:32,340 --> 01:09:36,460
and father were obtained and the DNA is fragmented
714
01:09:36,460 --> 01:09:39,860
with restriction enzyme the fragments are then
715
01:09:39,860 --> 01:09:44,500
stored sorted ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง Electrophoresis by size
716
01:09:44,500 --> 01:09:48,860
using southern blot technique ุงู„ southern blot ู‡ุฐุง
717
01:09:48,860 --> 01:09:52,280
ู†ูˆุนูŠุฉ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ุชุนู…ู„ ุงู†ุช Electrophoresis ู…ุง ุจุชู‚ุฏุฑ
718
01:09:52,280 --> 01:09:57,120
ุชุดูˆูู‡ู…ูุจุชุฌูŠุจ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ุชุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ Electrophoresis ุจุชุญุท
719
01:09:57,120 --> 01:10:02,760
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุทุจู‚ุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆุจุชุณู…ุญู„ู‡ ูŠุตูŠุฑ Blocking ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุทุจู‚
720
01:10:02,760 --> 01:10:09,380
ูˆุจุชุดูˆู ุฃูŠู† ุฃุฌู‰ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงู† ุชุจุนู‡ ูู€ Labeling is done
721
01:10:09,380 --> 01:10:12,700
using a probe that binds to a specific DNA
722
01:10:12,700 --> 01:10:16,700
sequence close to the centromere of chromosome 21
723
01:10:16,700 --> 01:10:23,190
The Repelif Analysisof the child mother is shown
724
01:10:23,190 --> 01:10:27,590
below ูู‡ูŠูƒูŠ ุดูƒู„ู‡ ุงู„ู€ mother ู‡ูŠูƒูŠ ุงู„ father ู‡ูŠูƒูŠ
725
01:10:27,590 --> 01:10:34,110
ูˆุงู„ child ู‡ูŠูƒูŠ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ูƒุงู† ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู€ centromere
726
01:10:34,110 --> 01:10:41,030
ุชุจุน chromosome 21 ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ู…ุงุดูŠ ุงู„
727
01:10:41,030 --> 01:10:45,930
mother ุงู„ู‚ู†ุงู‡ุง ุงู„ุซู†ุชูŠู† ู‡ุฐูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ father ุงู„ู‚ู†ุงู‡ุง
728
01:10:45,930 --> 01:10:51,870
ุจุงู„ุซู†ุชูŠู† ู‡ุฐูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ child ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉู…ุงุดูŠุŒ
729
01:10:51,870 --> 01:10:55,730
ุงุฐุง ุดูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุทูู„ุŸ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุนู†ุฏ ุฃุจูˆู‡
730
01:10:55,730 --> 01:11:02,850
ูˆู„ุง ุฃู…ู‡ ูŠุง ู…ุนุชุฒุŸ ุนู†ุฏู‡ Trisomy 21ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุงูŠุงุฎุฏ two
731
01:11:02,850 --> 01:11:07,770
copies ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆู…ุงูŠุงุฎุฏ copy ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู† ุดุฎุต ุชุงู†ูŠุŒ ู…ู†
732
01:11:07,770 --> 01:11:12,250
ู…ู† ู…ู†ุŒ ุชุชูˆู‚ุน ู…ู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉุŸ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู… ุฃุฎุฏ two copies
733
01:11:12,250 --> 01:11:16,750
ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู… ุฃุฎุฏุชู†ุชูŠู†ุŒ ุชูู‡ู… ุนู„ูŠุŸูู‡ูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃู… ู…ุงุฎุฏ ุซู†ุชูŠู†
734
01:11:16,750 --> 01:11:20,970
ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุจ ู…ุงุฎุฏ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฃุจ ู‡ุงูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจุณ ูุฐูˆู„ุง ุซู†ุชูŠู†
735
01:11:20,970 --> 01:11:27,790
ุชุจุนุช ุงู„ุฃู… ู…ู† ุจูŠู†ุงุช ุนู†ุฏู‡ ูู‡ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู…
736
01:11:27,790 --> 01:11:35,410
ู…ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ ุดูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ ุณุคุงู„ Which of the following
737
01:11:35,410 --> 01:11:42,390
meiosis events did this non-discussion most likely
738
01:11:42,390 --> 01:11:47,990
occurุŸุทุจุนู‹ุง ุงู„ู€ maternal ุบู„ุท ุงุณุชูู†ู†ุงู‡ู… ุงุณุชูู†ู†ุงู‡ู…
739
01:11:47,990 --> 01:11:53,190
ุงู„ู€ maternal meiosis one or two ู‚ุฏุฑุช ุญูŠุฑุช ููŠู‡ุง
740
01:11:53,190 --> 01:11:56,530
ุนุดุงู†ูƒ ุฃู†ุง ุณุฃู„ุช ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุง ุงุญู†ุง ุฌูˆู„ู†ุง ุฅู†ู‡ ู…ู…ูƒู†
741
01:11:56,530 --> 01:12:02,370
ุชุตูŠุฑ ููŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู„ุฃ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุดูˆ ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ
742
01:12:02,370 --> 01:12:11,450
ูŠุตูŠุฑุŸ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ุด ุฃู†ุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุช ุชูู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ step ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰
743
01:12:11,450 --> 01:12:18,250
ุจุงู„ู€ meiosisุจูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ ยซุฃู†ุง ุจุณูˆูŠ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ S
744
01:12:18,250 --> 01:12:19,550
-phaseยป ยซุฃู†ุง ุจุณูˆูŠ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ S-phaseยป ยซุฃู†ุง ุจุณูˆูŠ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„
745
01:12:19,550 --> 01:12:20,130
S-phaseยป ยซุฃู†ุง ุจุณูˆูŠ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ S-phaseยป ยซุฃู†ุง ุจุณูˆูŠ
746
01:12:20,130 --> 01:12:22,550
ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ S-phaseยป ยซุฃู†ุง ุจุณูˆูŠ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ S-phaseยป ยซุฃู†ุง
747
01:12:22,550 --> 01:12:23,610
ุจุณูˆูŠ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ S-phaseยป ยซุฃู†ุง ุจุณูˆูŠ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ S-phaseยป
748
01:12:23,610 --> 01:12:23,810
ยซุฃู†ุง ุจุณูˆูŠ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ S-phaseยป ยซุฃู†ุง ุจุณูˆูŠ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ S
749
01:12:23,810 --> 01:12:23,830
-phaseยป ยซุฃู†ุง ุจุณูˆูŠ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ S-phaseยป ยซุฃู†ุง ุจุณูˆูŠ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„
750
01:12:23,830 --> 01:12:27,170
ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ S-phaseยป ยซุฃู†ุง ุจุณูˆูŠ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ S-phaseยป ยซุฃู†ุง
751
01:12:27,170 --> 01:12:37,870
ุจุณูˆูŠ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ S-phaseยป ยซุฃู†ุง ุจุณูˆูŠ ุจุงู„ุฃูˆู„ Sุชู†ุณู…
752
01:12:37,870 --> 01:12:41,070
ุงู„ุฃุซู†ูŠู† ุฅู„ู‰ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆูˆุงุญุฏ ุฅู„ู‰ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ููˆูŠู† ุฑุงุญ
753
01:12:41,070 --> 01:12:45,430
ุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉุŸ ุฃู†ุง ุจุธู† ู…ุชูŠู† ุงู„ู€Biosis 2ุŒ ุดูˆ ูƒุชุจ
754
01:12:45,430 --> 01:12:50,230
ุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉุŸ ูˆูƒุชุจ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ
755
01:12:50,230 --> 01:12:58,050
ู‡ุงูŠ ูู„ุฃุŒ ู‡ุญุทู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ู… ุญูƒูˆุงุŒ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุด ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ ุดูˆ
756
01:12:58,050 --> 01:13:01,810
ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ ุฃุชุจุฑูˆู‡ุงุŒ ู„ูŠุด ุทุจ ู…ุด ุฃุซู†ูŠู†ุŸ
757
01:13:09,600 --> 01:13:21,080
ุฃู‡ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ 2N ู…ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ู€ 2N ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงู†ูุตู„ูˆุง ู‡ู… ุงู„ู€
758
01:13:21,080 --> 01:13:26,500
chromatids ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ุตูŠ ุงู„ูƒุฑูˆู…ูˆุฒูˆู… ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู†ูุตู„ูˆุงุŒ
759
01:13:26,500 --> 01:13:32,940
ู…ุงุดูŠุŸ ูุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ู… ุญุงุทูŠู‡ ู„ูƒูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุฃู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€ non
760
01:13:32,940 --> 01:13:38,130
-disjunction in meiosis ููŠ ุงู„ู€ meiosis Iุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู€
761
01:13:38,130 --> 01:13:43,870
Normal ุฅู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ูŠู†ู‚ุณู…ูˆุง ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆู‡ูŠูƒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€
762
01:13:43,870 --> 01:13:49,090
two copies from the same chromosome ุจู†ู‚ุณู…ูˆุง ุจุญูŠุซ
763
01:13:49,090 --> 01:13:51,350
ูŠูƒูˆู† one chromosome ู‡ู†ุง ูˆ one chromosome ู‡ู†ุง
764
01:13:51,350 --> 01:13:56,560
ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจู†ูุตู„ ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู€ Non-Disjunction
765
01:13:56,560 --> 01:13:59,960
ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Meiosis I ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€
766
01:13:59,960 --> 01:14:05,560
Meiosis II ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุตุงุฑ Non-Disjunction ูˆู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ Step
767
01:14:05,560 --> 01:14:07,060
ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ Non-Disjunction
768
01:14:10,560 --> 01:14:13,260
ุงู„ู€Non-disjunction ู‡ูŠ ุฎุณุงุฑุฉ ูƒุฑูˆู…ูˆุฒูˆู… ุงู„ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃู†
769
01:14:13,260 --> 01:14:16,380
ุชุชูุฑู‚ ุจุดูƒู„ ุตุญูŠุญ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุชู‚ุณูŠู… ุงู„ุฌุณู…ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู†
770
01:14:16,380 --> 01:14:20,720
ุจุณุจุจ ุฎุณุงุฑุฉ ูƒุฑูˆู…ูˆุฒูˆู… ู…ุชุนุงู…ู„ุฉ ู„ุชูุฑู‚ ููŠ ู…ูŠูˆุฒูˆุณ 1 ุฃูˆ
771
01:14:20,720 --> 01:14:27,580
ุฎุณุงุฑุฉ ุฃุฎุชูŠ ูƒุฑูˆู…ูˆุชูŠุฏ ู„ุชูุฑู‚ ููŠ ู…ูŠูˆุฒูˆุณ 2 ุฃูˆ ู…ูŠุชูˆุณุณุŒ
772
01:14:27,580 --> 01:14:31,460
ููŠ ุงู„ู€MonosomyุŒ ุฎุณุงุฑุฉ ูƒุฑูˆู…ูˆุฒูˆู… ู…ุชุนุงู…ู„ุฉ ููŠ
773
01:14:31,460 --> 01:14:34,520
ุงู„ู€TrisomyุŒ ุฎุณุงุฑุฉ ูƒุฑูˆู…ูˆุฒูˆู… ู…ุชุนุงู…ู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€GainุŒ
774
01:14:34,520 --> 01:14:37,020
ุงู„ู€Monosomy ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€Trisomy ุจุฅู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ุง ุฃู† ุชู†ุชุฌ ู…ู†
775
01:14:37,020 --> 01:14:44,310
ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงุซู†ูŠู†ุŒุทูŠุจ ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† non-disjunction
776
01:14:44,310 --> 01:14:47,510
is a failure of chromosome pairs to separate this
777
01:14:47,510 --> 01:14:53,590
could be failure of ุทุจ ู…ุง ุญูƒูŠู†ุงู‡ุง shows that both
778
01:14:53,590 --> 01:14:57,230
parents demonstrate two bands each parental band
779
01:14:57,230 --> 01:15:01,170
represents a homologous chromosome 21 this child
780
01:15:01,170 --> 01:15:08,020
has three bandsุงู„ู„ูŠ ูู‡ู…ุชู‡ ูŠุง ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑู‡ ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
781
01:15:08,020 --> 01:15:12,340
Meiosis 1 ุงู„ูƒุฑูˆู…ูˆุณูˆู…ุงุช ุจุชู†ูุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุจุนุถ ุฃู…ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€
782
01:15:12,340 --> 01:15:16,560
Meiosis 2 ุงู„ูƒุฑูˆู…ุงุชูŠุฏ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู†ูุตู„ ุตุญูŠุญุŒ ุตุญูŠุญ ู‡ูˆ
783
01:15:16,560 --> 01:15:21,580
ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒ ุงู„ู€Trisomy 21 ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูƒุฑูˆู…ูˆุณูˆู… ู…ุง ู†ูุตู„ุด ุนุดุงู†
784
01:15:21,580 --> 01:15:25,340
ู‡ูŠูƒ ููŠ Meiosis 1ุŸ therefore the problem occurred
785
01:15:25,340 --> 01:15:29,120
in the mother during Meiosis 1 when homolysis
786
01:15:29,120 --> 01:15:34,670
chromosomes are separated ุตุญูŠุญุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ู…ุงุดูŠ ูˆุงุถุญุฉ
787
01:15:34,670 --> 01:15:41,490
ุงู„ุขู† ูŠุง ู…ุงุชุฒุŸ ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ุณุคุงู„ 16 ูƒู…ุงู† ุนู† ุงู„ู€
788
01:15:41,490 --> 01:15:50,610
Electrophoresis ุจุนุฏ ุฃู† ู‡ู… ู…ุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู† ุทูŠุจุŒ
789
01:15:50,610 --> 01:15:54,310
a 26-year-old woman comes to the office with her
790
01:15:54,310 --> 01:15:57,610
husband for genetic counseling she's pregnant with
791
01:15:57,610 --> 01:16:01,650
their second child whose gender is unknownู…ุซู„ู‹ุงุŒ
792
01:16:01,650 --> 01:16:05,550
ูƒู„ุง ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„ ู…ู…ูŠุฒูŠู† ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒุงู…ุŒ ูˆูƒุงู†ูˆุง ุฃูˆู„ุงู‹ ูŠูˆู„ุฏูˆุง
793
01:16:05,550 --> 01:16:09,090
ุฃูˆู„ุงู‹ ุฃุจู†ุฉ ุนู…ุฑู‡ ุซู„ุงุซ ุนุงู…ู‹ุงุŒ ูˆูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠู‡ ุญุงู„ุงุช ู…ุณุชู…ุฑุฉ
794
01:16:09,090 --> 01:16:14,310
ู…ู† ุงู„ุงู†ูŠู…ูŠุงุŒ ุงู„ุฌูˆู†ุฏุณุŒ ูˆุดุนูˆุฑ ู…ุคู„ู… ู…ู† ูŠุฏู‡ ูˆุนูŠู†ูŠู‡ุŒ
795
01:16:14,310 --> 01:16:16,250
ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุฏู… ู…ู† ุงู„ูุชู‰
796
01:16:16,250 --> 01:16:19,310
ูˆุงู„ู‡ูŠู…ูˆุฌู„ูˆุจูŠู†ุงู„ูƒุชุฑูˆููˆุฑูŠุณูŠุณ
797
01:16:19,310 --> 01:16:22,510
ุชู… ุชุฌุงุฑุจู‡ุง ููŠ ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ู€Alkaline pHุŒ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฒุงุช
798
01:16:22,510 --> 01:16:24,770
ุงู„ู…ุธู‡ุฑุฉ ู‡ู†ุง
799
01:16:36,520 --> 01:16:42,120
ู‡ู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin S ูŠุนู†ูŠ Sickle Cell Disease
800
01:16:42,120 --> 01:16:49,040
ุงู„ุฃู†ูŠู…ูŠุง ูˆุงู„ู€ Jaundice ู…ุงุดูŠ ู…ุงุนุฑูุด ู„ูŠุด ุงู„ู€
801
01:16:49,040 --> 01:16:55,420
swellings of the hands and feet ุงู„ุณุจุจ ูุงู„ู€ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ
802
01:16:55,420 --> 01:17:00,000
ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจูƒูˆู†
803
01:17:00,000 --> 01:17:02,020
ุดูˆ ุงุณู…ู‡ุŸ
804
01:17:08,300 --> 01:17:12,880
ุนู…ู„ูˆุง Hemoglobin Electrophoresis ู‡ู†ุง ูุงู„ู€
805
01:17:12,880 --> 01:17:19,860
Hemoglobin A ู…ุด ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ู…ุตุงุจุŒ ุตุญุŸ
806
01:17:19,860 --> 01:17:24,080
Blood sample is obtained from the boy and
807
01:17:24,080 --> 01:17:27,260
Hemoglobin Electrophoresis is performed at
808
01:17:27,260 --> 01:17:33,800
alkaline pHุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุŒ ููƒู„ ุงู„ู€ Hemoglobin ุชุจุนู‡
809
01:17:34,820 --> 01:17:39,280
ู…ุงุดูŠุŒ Hemoglobin S ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุงููŠุด Hemoglobin A ูˆู„ุง
810
01:17:39,280 --> 01:17:46,060
Hemoglobin F ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฎูู ูˆูƒู„ู‡ Hemoglobin SุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ
811
01:17:46,060 --> 01:17:49,400
ูุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ What is the probability that the
812
01:17:49,400 --> 01:17:53,800
unborn child will inherit one or more mutant
813
01:17:53,800 --> 01:17:57,940
alleles from his parentsุŸ ูุดูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ Disease ูŠุง
814
01:17:57,940 --> 01:18:03,700
ู…ุนุชุฒุŸุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠ ูŠุณุฃู„ุŸ ุทูŠุจุŒ ุฅุฐุง ุฃู‚ุฑุฃ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุจุดูƒู„
815
01:18:03,700 --> 01:18:08,700
ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุŒ ุดูˆ ู†ุณุจุช ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ Probability ุงู„ู€ unborn child
816
01:18:08,700 --> 01:18:13,200
will inherit one or moreุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุง
817
01:18:13,200 --> 01:18:17,180
ุฅุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ ุงู„ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู… ุงู„ู€ mutant ุทูŠุจุŒ ุฅุฐุง ุดูˆ
818
01:18:17,180 --> 01:18:24,240
ู†ุณุจู‡ู…ุŸ ุชู„ุช ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุชู„ุช ุฃุฑุจุนุฉุŒ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุชู„ุช
819
01:18:24,240 --> 01:18:31,020
ุฃุฑุจุนุฉุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠุŸุงู„ุณุจุจ ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุฑุจุน ู‡ุฐุง ุชุธุงู…ู†
820
01:18:31,020 --> 01:18:35,520
recessive ูˆุฅุญู†ุง ู†ุญูƒูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุทูู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุด ู…ูˆู„ูˆุฏ ู„ุณู‡
821
01:18:35,520 --> 01:18:42,280
ู„ูˆ ุญูƒู‰ one ู‚ู„ูŠู„ mutant ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุต ุตุญุŸ ู„ูˆ one ู‚ู„ูŠู„
822
01:18:42,280 --> 01:18:48,700
only ุฃู‡ ูƒุงู† ู„ูˆ ุญูƒู‰ ู‡ูŠูƒูŠ ุจุณ ุญูƒู‰ one or more ู„ูˆ two
823
01:18:48,700 --> 01:18:54,140
ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุฑุจุน ู„ูˆ two ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุฑุจุน ุตุญูŠุญู…ุงุดูŠ
824
01:18:54,140 --> 01:18:57,880
ุฃู†ุง ู…ุถุทุฑ ู‡ุณุฃุทู„ุน ุฃุชุฑูƒูƒู… ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุชุฏุฑูŠุณ ุชุงู†ูŠ ูŠุง
825
01:18:57,880 --> 01:19:01,980
ุดุจุงุจุŒ ู…ุงุดูŠ ู†ู„ุชู‚ู‰ ูŠูˆู… ุงู„ุฅุซู†ุงู† ุงู„ุฌุงูŠ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡
826
01:19:01,980 --> 01:19:05,320
ูŠุนุทูŠูƒ ุฃู„ู ุนุงููŠุฉ ูŠุง ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุญูŠูŠูƒู…ุŒ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุญูุธูƒู…ุŒ
827
01:19:05,320 --> 01:19:08,540
ุฃู‡ู„ูŠู†ุŒ ุฃู‡ู„ูŠู†ุŒ ูŠุงู„ุง ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ููŠ ุฑุนุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡