1 00:00:13,300 --> 00:00:19,560 How are you? After this long vacation, the Eid, I 2 00:00:19,560 --> 00:00:22,840 wish you had a nice time celebrating, eating. 3 00:00:24,020 --> 00:00:28,560 Eating everything, of course, sweet and meat. Yes, 4 00:00:28,760 --> 00:00:32,240 today I don't want to waste more time. Today we 5 00:00:32,240 --> 00:00:38,740 are going to look at Better My Heart closely after 6 00:00:38,740 --> 00:00:44,260 what we did last time, if you remember. We gave 7 00:00:44,260 --> 00:00:48,660 you a general background about mythological poetry 8 00:00:48,660 --> 00:00:53,120 in the 17th century, and we saw how the 17th 9 00:00:53,120 --> 00:00:59,670 century was a century of uncertainty. But today, 10 00:01:00,010 --> 00:01:02,550 you know, and I remember we talked about the 11 00:01:02,550 --> 00:01:05,730 metaphysical poets and we saw how those poets were 12 00:01:05,730 --> 00:01:09,170 writing difficult poetry, poetry which was 13 00:01:09,170 --> 00:01:15,230 characterized by its conceits, paradoxes, images, 14 00:01:16,290 --> 00:01:22,150 tough rhythm or tough diversification, and like 15 00:01:22,150 --> 00:01:27,670 the blending between passion and mind. So today we 16 00:01:27,670 --> 00:01:31,690 are going to look closely at, you know, the poem, 17 00:01:31,850 --> 00:01:35,010 analyze it, see some of these characteristics. 18 00:01:36,070 --> 00:01:40,910 However, you know, as usual, I'm looking forward 19 00:01:40,910 --> 00:01:44,690 to hearing, to listening, you know, sorry, to 20 00:01:44,690 --> 00:01:48,610 listening to your wonderful reports after this 21 00:01:48,610 --> 00:01:53,450 long vacation. So let's see who has a creative 22 00:01:53,450 --> 00:01:54,050 report. 23 00:01:56,640 --> 00:02:01,700 Don't tell me you don't have reports. Okay. Yes? 24 00:02:03,020 --> 00:02:09,800 Do you have one? Not creative? Okay. Oh my God. 25 00:02:10,300 --> 00:02:15,560 Let's see. You come here, okay? Take my place. 26 00:02:16,700 --> 00:02:19,460 Many would consider it a holiday, others consider 27 00:02:19,460 --> 00:02:23,300 it as a transitional period. Spending nine days 28 00:02:23,300 --> 00:02:26,900 holiday was a mess, that it came during hard times 29 00:02:26,900 --> 00:02:30,560 of exams and assignments. Wake up early, do many 30 00:02:30,560 --> 00:02:33,620 things, that all what we used to not to do during 31 00:02:33,620 --> 00:02:37,800 last days. Now we are on again, different mornings 32 00:02:37,800 --> 00:02:40,280 and different faces, just a word can help us. 33 00:02:40,580 --> 00:02:43,120 Okay, thank you very much. It's very laconic, 34 00:02:43,900 --> 00:02:49,700 whereas, you know, It seems like she was very 35 00:02:49,700 --> 00:02:55,140 clever in wasting or at wasting her time. You 36 00:02:55,140 --> 00:02:58,500 didn't? Okay, good. So let's see another report. 37 00:02:59,760 --> 00:03:01,040 Yes. Yeah. 38 00:03:05,800 --> 00:03:09,820 Of course, we'll see a response as well. No 39 00:03:09,820 --> 00:03:14,100 problem. Say good morning. How are you? They're 40 00:03:14,100 --> 00:03:18,210 waiting for you. Good morning, everybody. How are 41 00:03:18,210 --> 00:03:18,470 you? 42 00:03:21,560 --> 00:03:24,660 After enjoying Eid and being so interested and 43 00:03:24,660 --> 00:03:27,820 happy, we come back to the university and began to 44 00:03:27,820 --> 00:03:31,360 study. Actually, it was a beautiful Eid, but with 45 00:03:31,360 --> 00:03:34,640 a mixture of fright and feeling, because of the 46 00:03:34,640 --> 00:03:37,260 beauty of Eid, but we heard of the coming exams 47 00:03:37,260 --> 00:03:40,180 and such things. Referring to the previous lecture 48 00:03:40,180 --> 00:03:43,920 of poetry, it was so nice, and we discussed the 49 00:03:43,920 --> 00:03:47,260 metaphysical poetry, and then the teacher ordered 50 00:03:47,260 --> 00:03:50,070 us to prepare the next kind of poetry. Yeah, I 51 00:03:50,070 --> 00:03:53,170 don't order. I just told you, because order, that 52 00:03:53,170 --> 00:03:55,850 means like I'm very authoritative ordering 53 00:03:55,850 --> 00:04:04,070 everybody. Good. Let's see a response. Yes. 54 00:04:08,800 --> 00:04:11,780 Response how you found the poem like was it good 55 00:04:11,780 --> 00:04:15,940 interesting? like was it like how my daughter felt 56 00:04:15,940 --> 00:04:21,660 was very Horrifying poem she even didn't sleep I'm 57 00:04:21,660 --> 00:04:24,100 sorry. I didn't mean that but this is mythical 58 00:04:24,100 --> 00:04:28,070 poetry He asked the name of the three-person God 59 00:04:28,070 --> 00:04:30,990 to batter his heart. For him, God only knocks 60 00:04:30,990 --> 00:04:34,270 politely and seeks to mend, while he wants to be 61 00:04:34,270 --> 00:04:37,970 torn apart, to rise and stand, to be new. He loves 62 00:04:37,970 --> 00:04:40,770 God and wants God to love him too, but he 63 00:04:40,770 --> 00:04:43,750 considers a mercy aid will not make him chaste. 64 00:04:45,620 --> 00:04:48,740 nor his lust would fade. So he wants God to knock 65 00:04:48,740 --> 00:04:52,120 him down, just as a defeated town. Well, John 66 00:04:52,120 --> 00:04:55,480 Donne, I'm telling you, if you want to be renewed, 67 00:04:55,640 --> 00:04:58,680 first, there is only one God, and salvation comes 68 00:04:58,680 --> 00:05:01,860 through your heart, not by force or in prison for 69 00:05:01,860 --> 00:05:05,180 life. If you mean it, then you can have it. Yes, 70 00:05:05,260 --> 00:05:07,460 thank you, Rawal. This is very creative response. 71 00:05:08,080 --> 00:05:10,700 And I like it very much because she's responding 72 00:05:10,700 --> 00:05:13,740 to the poem from a Muslim perspective, you know? 73 00:05:14,430 --> 00:05:17,890 Because, I mean, we have our beliefs and, you 74 00:05:17,890 --> 00:05:23,610 know, perhaps, you know, she responded that from a 75 00:05:23,610 --> 00:05:26,490 Muslim perspective because we believe, you know, 76 00:05:26,770 --> 00:05:29,630 like Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala is only one, you 77 00:05:29,630 --> 00:05:33,070 know, and we have differences between, you know, 78 00:05:33,130 --> 00:05:36,310 Islam and Christianity, other religions. Okay, 79 00:05:36,750 --> 00:05:40,910 now, any other response? Yes? 80 00:05:46,430 --> 00:05:49,870 Hello everybody. Try to forgive me Allah. 81 00:05:50,390 --> 00:05:53,590 Remorseful I am and I want to begin with a new 82 00:05:53,590 --> 00:05:56,590 life without any fright. Please Allah forgive me 83 00:05:56,590 --> 00:05:59,670 about my telling of lies. I am trying to be a new 84 00:05:59,670 --> 00:06:03,090 one, but I am sick for your life. I am admit I 85 00:06:03,090 --> 00:06:06,070 have lots of faults, but I know you are the 86 00:06:06,070 --> 00:06:09,390 greatest Lord. Regarding my eyes, I will keep it 87 00:06:09,390 --> 00:06:14,430 from the ugliness. According to my eyes, I have to 88 00:06:14,430 --> 00:06:17,810 protect it from the liars. You and me have the 89 00:06:17,810 --> 00:06:21,130 same and only enemy. By your power, you can burn 90 00:06:21,130 --> 00:06:26,260 it by your harsh fire.So make me away from his 91 00:06:26,260 --> 00:06:29,820 evil plans, and try to forgive me because of my 92 00:06:29,820 --> 00:06:32,900 listening to Satan, your only enemy, and I will 93 00:06:32,900 --> 00:06:36,000 revenge from him, and this is my greatest pledge, 94 00:06:36,380 --> 00:06:39,780 in order to make my life happiness, and allow me 95 00:06:39,780 --> 00:06:42,980 to enter your heaven. In short, the most thing I 96 00:06:42,980 --> 00:06:45,970 want to be happy from your adorer. Okay, thank you 97 00:06:45,970 --> 00:06:49,190 very much. You know, this shows like, you know, 98 00:06:49,270 --> 00:06:53,870 even the poem is written like, you know, by a 99 00:06:53,870 --> 00:06:58,390 Christian who was mainly Catholic. But, you know, 100 00:06:58,430 --> 00:07:01,070 we have something to share because, you know, her 101 00:07:01,070 --> 00:07:04,030 response is full of supplication. You know what 102 00:07:04,030 --> 00:07:06,950 supplication means? She's imploring. She's 103 00:07:06,950 --> 00:07:11,100 imploring. She's praying. you know, and she's 104 00:07:11,100 --> 00:07:14,560 hoping that God would take her to heaven, to 105 00:07:14,560 --> 00:07:18,400 eternal paradise. So, you know, the poem is not 106 00:07:18,400 --> 00:07:23,000 totally, you know, contrary to our beliefs, but we 107 00:07:23,000 --> 00:07:26,100 have something to share. And perhaps, like, I 108 00:07:26,100 --> 00:07:27,700 still remember when I was teaching metaphysical 109 00:07:27,700 --> 00:07:31,760 poetry, I asked this question, to what extent do 110 00:07:31,760 --> 00:07:36,250 you think that metaphysical poetry intersects or 111 00:07:36,250 --> 00:07:40,610 even deviates from our beliefs as Muslims. Okay, 112 00:07:40,930 --> 00:07:43,970 now let's see your response orally. What do you 113 00:07:43,970 --> 00:07:47,230 think, you know? What do you think? What do you 114 00:07:47,230 --> 00:07:48,570 think of the poem? Yes, please. 115 00:07:54,790 --> 00:07:55,230 Yes. 116 00:07:59,270 --> 00:08:02,030 So this is the idea of Trinity, the Father, the 117 00:08:02,030 --> 00:08:07,410 Son, and you know, The Lord. Okay. And so you know 118 00:08:07,410 --> 00:08:12,510 that was disturbing to you? Sorry? So that was 119 00:08:12,510 --> 00:08:15,390 disturbing to you. How did you feel about this? I 120 00:08:15,390 --> 00:08:20,770 feel his ideology is mistaken. You know, the 121 00:08:20,770 --> 00:08:25,830 belief itself, you know? In my mind. Okay. 122 00:08:33,340 --> 00:08:37,620 Yeah if you like debate with you know a Christian 123 00:08:37,620 --> 00:08:40,460 they would tell you like there was a debate 124 00:08:40,460 --> 00:08:43,780 between Ahmed Didat and like you know a Muslim and 125 00:08:43,780 --> 00:08:47,320 he said we are three but we are one you know it is 126 00:08:47,320 --> 00:08:53,710 like He said like a state of water when it is gas, 127 00:08:54,110 --> 00:08:58,750 when it is liquid, when it is frozen. This is how 128 00:08:58,750 --> 00:09:03,870 they argue. And you have to prepare yourself how 129 00:09:03,870 --> 00:09:08,210 to argue against also this. Good. What do you 130 00:09:08,210 --> 00:09:09,990 think? Yes? 131 00:09:12,870 --> 00:09:15,950 The language easy and difficult at the same time? 132 00:09:16,810 --> 00:09:20,110 Yeah, yeah, like you like the language is easy, 133 00:09:20,430 --> 00:09:23,350 but the ideas are difficult. Yes, you are right. 134 00:09:23,710 --> 00:09:28,870 The language, you know, is easy, but the ideas are 135 00:09:28,870 --> 00:09:34,290 difficult. I don't know. Do you know why? Do you 136 00:09:34,290 --> 00:09:38,770 know why? Who can tell me why? The language, if 137 00:09:38,770 --> 00:09:42,150 you look, better my hearty person got. The word 138 00:09:42,150 --> 00:09:45,830 better might be difficult, but it's easy. Usurp 139 00:09:45,830 --> 00:09:51,910 might be difficult. So I think the poet uses 140 00:09:51,910 --> 00:09:59,190 simple words, but I bet like a lot of you found it 141 00:09:59,190 --> 00:10:05,610 difficult to understand. Why? Why? Was it 142 00:10:05,610 --> 00:10:11,290 ambiguous? Yes? Okay, for religious reasons, 143 00:10:11,430 --> 00:10:15,730 because we don't understand the creed. Because, 144 00:10:17,090 --> 00:10:23,610 you know, of the argument. Yeah, I think when you 145 00:10:23,610 --> 00:10:27,110 have an argument, it is easy to understand. But 146 00:10:27,110 --> 00:10:29,030 you are not answering the question in my mind, you 147 00:10:29,030 --> 00:10:31,490 know, you're not reaching the answer in my mind. 148 00:10:31,590 --> 00:10:35,990 Yes. Yes. What do you mean metaphorical? 149 00:10:38,530 --> 00:10:41,010 And I think you are clever in analyzing a 150 00:10:41,010 --> 00:10:45,190 metaphor, you know? Okay, what do you think? Yeah, 151 00:10:45,290 --> 00:10:47,530 you're right to some extent, but you have to 152 00:10:47,530 --> 00:10:51,270 develop this idea. Yes? Maybe because he wrote it 153 00:10:51,270 --> 00:10:54,490 to the intellectual people, so they will 154 00:10:54,490 --> 00:10:57,950 understand it. Yes, but you know, what are the 155 00:10:57,950 --> 00:11:00,730 features of difficulty in this poem? Why it is 156 00:11:00,730 --> 00:11:03,430 difficult? Yes? Paradoxes. Excellent. The 157 00:11:03,430 --> 00:11:09,170 paradoxes. The conceits. You know? When you are 158 00:11:09,170 --> 00:11:11,470 using paradoxes and conceits, even though the 159 00:11:11,470 --> 00:11:14,650 language is simple, but still you are having 160 00:11:14,650 --> 00:11:19,190 difficulty in analyzing because you need to employ 161 00:11:19,190 --> 00:11:23,050 your mind to analyze those paradoxes and conceits. 162 00:11:23,390 --> 00:11:25,430 And this is what I'm trying to get you to do 163 00:11:25,430 --> 00:11:31,290 today. Yes? More? What do you think? Yes, please. 164 00:11:31,450 --> 00:11:36,270 How did you find the poem? Not easy. Why? What do 165 00:11:36,270 --> 00:11:37,050 you mean by not easy? 166 00:11:44,260 --> 00:11:48,420 So you want like everything to be without 167 00:11:48,420 --> 00:11:52,900 reasoning or what? I think nowadays, you know, we 168 00:11:52,900 --> 00:11:56,060 in 169 00:11:56,060 --> 00:11:59,260 this century, we are in the age of technology and 170 00:11:59,260 --> 00:12:05,160 still we appreciate what is being thought of this 171 00:12:05,160 --> 00:12:08,940 in this way. I mean, thought of in this way. So we 172 00:12:08,940 --> 00:12:13,220 still accept, we like intellectual things.Okay, 173 00:12:13,900 --> 00:12:17,180 there. How did you find the poem? It's an easy 174 00:12:17,180 --> 00:12:21,960 question. Yes? When I read the poem, I felt 175 00:12:21,960 --> 00:12:24,700 horrible because like when I read the lines, I 176 00:12:24,700 --> 00:12:28,280 feel that I remember the judgment day and we 177 00:12:28,280 --> 00:12:32,220 haven't got anything, our mistakes, our sins and 178 00:12:32,220 --> 00:12:37,360 since that and despite this poem is for a 179 00:12:37,360 --> 00:12:41,420 Christian one and there are many Christian ideas, 180 00:12:42,000 --> 00:12:45,240 it also invites us to think about ourselves and 181 00:12:45,240 --> 00:12:48,450 our Muslim and our Islam But our Muslim 182 00:12:48,450 --> 00:12:54,870 perspectives, since we should think about how to 183 00:12:54,870 --> 00:12:59,050 renew and how to free ourselves from our sins and 184 00:12:59,050 --> 00:13:02,130 mistakes. Yeah, how to free our, yes. So we might 185 00:13:02,130 --> 00:13:05,030 share the poet the same experience because here we 186 00:13:05,030 --> 00:13:11,390 have a poet or a persona who is happy. Now what? 187 00:13:12,030 --> 00:13:22,130 Sad? Was he sad or happy? Quickly. Sad. Why? Don't 188 00:13:22,130 --> 00:13:24,670 tell me because he was happy, he was sad. Because 189 00:13:24,670 --> 00:13:27,930 this is a paradox. Why was he sad? 190 00:13:31,030 --> 00:13:33,510 Oh, three people are answering. Why was he sad? 191 00:13:34,450 --> 00:13:37,910 Look at me, I'm mad at you. Why? Because you are 192 00:13:37,910 --> 00:13:42,850 not answering my question. But I'm not sad because 193 00:13:42,850 --> 00:13:45,450 some people are trying to answer. Yes, please. 194 00:13:52,140 --> 00:13:55,920 So tell me like in a simple language, why is he 195 00:13:55,920 --> 00:14:01,420 sad? Is he sad because like he lost some of his 196 00:14:01,420 --> 00:14:04,980 children? Is he sad because his wife passed away? 197 00:14:05,160 --> 00:14:07,440 I don't know. Is he sad because he lost some 198 00:14:07,440 --> 00:14:11,980 money? Why is he sad? Yes, please. Yeah, yeah, 199 00:14:12,060 --> 00:14:14,880 there. Because he's full of sins. Yeah, he's full 200 00:14:14,880 --> 00:14:18,320 of sins. He feels guilty. He's guilty, you know. 201 00:14:18,580 --> 00:14:21,840 His relation with God is weak. Yeah, he feels that 202 00:14:21,840 --> 00:14:24,740 his, why his relation got with, his relation, 203 00:14:25,440 --> 00:14:28,000 because he's full of sin. Another chance. Yes. 204 00:14:28,520 --> 00:14:33,100 Another chance to make 205 00:14:33,100 --> 00:14:36,770 strong relationship between him and him. Yeah, so 206 00:14:36,770 --> 00:14:40,290 he's sad because he feels he's guilty. He's sad 207 00:14:40,290 --> 00:14:44,510 because he feels Yeah, 208 00:14:44,730 --> 00:14:49,080 because because he feels that he is possessed his 209 00:14:49,080 --> 00:14:55,000 control by Satan, God's enemy. Yeah, I think he 210 00:14:55,000 --> 00:14:58,880 had the reasons to be sad and mad at the same 211 00:14:58,880 --> 00:15:03,340 time, you know. Why? Because he feels that, you 212 00:15:03,340 --> 00:15:07,720 know, the devil has entrenched himself a lot in 213 00:15:07,720 --> 00:15:10,620 his daily experience, in his daily life to the 214 00:15:10,620 --> 00:15:14,760 extent that he was incapable of doing anything 215 00:15:14,760 --> 00:15:23,600 like of praying, of obeying God. Good. So, let's 216 00:15:23,600 --> 00:15:29,160 see. Final response? 217 00:15:29,340 --> 00:15:31,360 Yes? Final opinion of the poem? What do you think? 218 00:15:34,600 --> 00:15:39,200 He brings to my mind the original sin and the 219 00:15:39,200 --> 00:15:45,540 Catholicism idea of how every person born with a 220 00:15:45,540 --> 00:15:50,020 sin in his heart. I think the home is appropriate 221 00:15:50,020 --> 00:15:53,500 to a Catholic or Christian person, but us for a 222 00:15:53,500 --> 00:15:58,300 Muslim, I don't think we are really accepted very 223 00:15:58,300 --> 00:16:01,950 much. Very good. The idea of original sin is very 224 00:16:01,950 --> 00:16:05,730 important, you know, and original sin, like, this 225 00:16:05,730 --> 00:16:08,990 is like central to Catholic and Protestant, you 226 00:16:08,990 --> 00:16:12,790 know, and even the Protestants said, like, in 227 00:16:12,790 --> 00:16:16,810 Adam's fall, we sinned all, because all, you know, 228 00:16:16,990 --> 00:16:20,510 the Christian, whether Protestant or Catholic, you 229 00:16:20,510 --> 00:16:24,330 know, believe that we, people are born sinners, 230 00:16:24,870 --> 00:16:26,990 and this is the original sin. You might have an 231 00:16:26,990 --> 00:16:30,440 idea about the original sin. But the Protestants 232 00:16:30,440 --> 00:16:34,840 thought that you can free yourself out of this sin 233 00:16:34,840 --> 00:16:40,240 by good deeds. and by good deeds. However, the 234 00:16:40,240 --> 00:16:47,780 Catholics believe that you can free yourself out 235 00:16:47,780 --> 00:16:53,480 of the sins by your body. See? By your body. 236 00:16:53,520 --> 00:16:57,460 Exactly like when Jesus Christ sacrificed his body 237 00:16:57,460 --> 00:17:04,320 on the cross and then he purified his soul, he 238 00:17:04,320 --> 00:17:09,390 redeemed even humankind. Okay? Good. Thank you for 239 00:17:09,390 --> 00:17:12,350 bringing these ideas because, you know, they will 240 00:17:12,350 --> 00:17:15,530 help us. And that's why I think everybody should 241 00:17:15,530 --> 00:17:19,030 come ready with a response. A final thing before 242 00:17:19,030 --> 00:17:27,050 we start? Good. Yes? Did he ask God to forgive 243 00:17:27,050 --> 00:17:27,390 him? 244 00:17:34,420 --> 00:17:39,700 During the poem, he asks for forgiveness for being 245 00:17:39,700 --> 00:17:44,320 guilty and dealing with Satan, taking the way of 246 00:17:44,320 --> 00:17:47,780 Satan. But like, where is that? I don't think, you 247 00:17:47,780 --> 00:17:50,840 know, it is in the poem. He's asking God for, you 248 00:17:50,840 --> 00:17:52,960 know. You can understand from the whole poem. 249 00:17:53,360 --> 00:17:58,570 Yeah. From the whole poem, you know? Because I 250 00:17:58,570 --> 00:18:01,770 think, you know, take me to you, imprison me, for 251 00:18:01,770 --> 00:18:04,410 I accept you, enthrone me, shall never be free, 252 00:18:05,110 --> 00:18:07,690 and never ever chase except you ravage me, you 253 00:18:07,690 --> 00:18:13,280 know? So it is there in the poem, like, he thinks 254 00:18:13,280 --> 00:18:16,920 that he will not be free, free out of sins, 255 00:18:17,340 --> 00:18:22,100 unless, you know, he, God, you know, imprisons 256 00:18:22,100 --> 00:18:26,080 him, you know, and this is like one of the many 257 00:18:26,080 --> 00:18:29,520 paradoxes we're having in the poem. Okay, it's 258 00:18:29,520 --> 00:18:32,780 good, like, before we start, do you think this 259 00:18:32,780 --> 00:18:39,730 poem is full of paradoxes? Okay, let's try to list 260 00:18:39,730 --> 00:18:42,450 them, you know, take two minutes, tell me what are 261 00:18:42,450 --> 00:18:46,510 the paradoxes in the poem. Okay, just like how 262 00:18:46,510 --> 00:18:51,510 many paradoxes do we have in the poem? Okay, let's 263 00:18:51,510 --> 00:18:56,510 see now. Yes, what are the paradoxes in the poem? 264 00:18:58,990 --> 00:18:59,510 Yes? 265 00:19:03,580 --> 00:19:08,500 Yes, how can you, can you flatten this? You know 266 00:19:08,500 --> 00:19:11,560 what I mean? Flatten it, you know, just like make 267 00:19:11,560 --> 00:19:19,880 it easy, accessible. Can you flatten it? Also, I 268 00:19:19,880 --> 00:19:23,640 don't think that you are going to break a lot of 269 00:19:23,640 --> 00:19:25,260 things in your house to make them new. 270 00:19:32,460 --> 00:19:37,080 I don't know, like how? Yeah, but, yeah, I mean, 271 00:19:37,260 --> 00:19:40,460 do you think this, can you, in your mind, like, 272 00:19:41,300 --> 00:19:43,360 think of something which is burned, which is 273 00:19:43,360 --> 00:19:45,620 broken, and then it is made anew? 274 00:19:48,420 --> 00:19:52,620 No? No, sometimes, like when we burn a rod of 275 00:19:52,620 --> 00:19:57,210 iron, You know, when it is rusty, we burn it, and 276 00:19:57,210 --> 00:19:58,910 then it becomes shining. You see what I mean? 277 00:19:59,330 --> 00:20:04,470 Because the rust. So this makes sense. But I don't 278 00:20:04,470 --> 00:20:06,930 know how you break something to make it new. 279 00:20:10,310 --> 00:20:16,650 For example, a door which is always causing you a 280 00:20:16,650 --> 00:20:18,910 problem, and you want to make a new door, you 281 00:20:18,910 --> 00:20:21,950 break it, and then it opens easily. 282 00:20:28,290 --> 00:20:29,450 Yes? Yes, 283 00:20:41,890 --> 00:20:44,950 so you mean when, like when he's burned, when the 284 00:20:44,950 --> 00:20:50,530 body is burned, all the sins will fly away, you 285 00:20:50,530 --> 00:20:53,350 know, and he will be a new person without sins. 286 00:20:54,540 --> 00:20:58,820 And this is central, as we said, to the Catholic 287 00:20:58,820 --> 00:21:02,320 beliefs, because they believe that it is the body 288 00:21:02,320 --> 00:21:06,180 which is the place of the sin. Once the body is 289 00:21:06,180 --> 00:21:09,860 burned, all the sins will go away and you will be 290 00:21:09,860 --> 00:21:15,960 free again. Wow, good. Yes. Yes? There is another 291 00:21:15,960 --> 00:21:20,320 one, imprison me. Yeah, imprison me to make me 292 00:21:20,320 --> 00:21:22,920 free. Wow. Imprison me to make me free. 293 00:21:33,310 --> 00:21:40,450 Can you like flatten or explicate this paradox 294 00:21:40,450 --> 00:21:43,510 from a daily situation, you know, or a situation 295 00:21:43,510 --> 00:21:48,870 from our life? How is in prison or how is prison 296 00:21:48,870 --> 00:21:56,460 freedom? You know? How sometimes his prison, look 297 00:21:56,460 --> 00:21:59,960 at him at Khaled. Khaled is, you know, there in 298 00:21:59,960 --> 00:22:03,200 the boot. He's imprisoned, but he's free. He can 299 00:22:03,200 --> 00:22:05,620 look at us. He can, you know, smile. He can 300 00:22:05,620 --> 00:22:08,880 everything, you know? Yes? Like people who are 301 00:22:08,880 --> 00:22:12,240 imprisoned in their own land, they are free of the 302 00:22:12,240 --> 00:22:15,560 prisons? Yes, look at us. We are in our land. We 303 00:22:15,560 --> 00:22:19,040 are in a siege. You know, we are imprisoned, but 304 00:22:19,040 --> 00:22:22,550 we are happy because this is our land. You know, 305 00:22:22,870 --> 00:22:25,830 it is better to be imprisoned in a different land. 306 00:22:26,550 --> 00:22:29,150 So when we are imprisoned, and this is like 307 00:22:29,150 --> 00:22:32,830 perhaps the mistake of our grandparents when of 308 00:22:32,830 --> 00:22:35,970 course they were forced to leave, you know, but 309 00:22:35,970 --> 00:22:39,430 now they prefer like they felt sorry because they 310 00:22:39,430 --> 00:22:42,530 left because the Arab leaders told them to leave, 311 00:22:43,050 --> 00:22:46,040 you know, and in 15 days they will go back. You 312 00:22:46,040 --> 00:22:49,520 see what I mean? So yes, we are under the siege, 313 00:22:50,120 --> 00:22:52,700 but we still, we are happy because this is our 314 00:22:52,700 --> 00:22:57,760 country. You know, this is our country. Good. 315 00:23:01,280 --> 00:23:01,780 More, 316 00:23:04,460 --> 00:23:07,320 yeah, paradoxes, but let me just remind you, I 317 00:23:07,320 --> 00:23:11,020 think once Ibn Taymiyyah said like, you know, my 318 00:23:11,020 --> 00:23:15,820 prison, you know, is a solitude for me, a 319 00:23:15,820 --> 00:23:19,840 solitude. You know what solitude means? It's like 320 00:23:19,840 --> 00:23:24,520 it's a place where he can worship God easily. And 321 00:23:24,520 --> 00:23:27,740 look at our prisoners, like those who were freed 322 00:23:27,740 --> 00:23:30,720 prisoners, they were released. Most of them were 323 00:23:30,720 --> 00:23:34,100 knowledgeable. Most of them were scholars. You 324 00:23:34,100 --> 00:23:35,920 know, they were educated and they were 325 00:23:35,920 --> 00:23:39,050 intellectuals. because they were in prison, they 326 00:23:39,050 --> 00:23:41,930 were not wasting their time, they were reading. So 327 00:23:41,930 --> 00:23:45,330 prison for them freed them from ignorance, from 328 00:23:45,330 --> 00:23:48,710 illiteracy. 329 00:23:49,930 --> 00:23:54,070 Okay, good. So I'm very happy. That's why we think 330 00:23:54,070 --> 00:23:57,770 that metaphysical poetry is intellectual, because 331 00:23:57,770 --> 00:24:02,630 it needs a skill of analyzing. A skill of 332 00:24:02,630 --> 00:24:08,970 analysis, yes. Good. More, more. Like, so far, you 333 00:24:08,970 --> 00:24:14,810 have burn make me new. This is number one. You 334 00:24:14,810 --> 00:24:18,390 know, imprison me to make free. Free, where is 335 00:24:18,390 --> 00:24:21,690 that? The third. 336 00:24:25,470 --> 00:24:30,050 Okay. The bottom, yeah. Imprison me to make me 337 00:24:30,050 --> 00:24:34,250 free. And I think, you know, it is the same idea, 338 00:24:34,610 --> 00:24:39,170 enthrall me, which is imprison. Okay, what else? 339 00:24:39,750 --> 00:24:46,650 What about, you know, shine and break, break in 340 00:24:46,650 --> 00:24:53,190 order to mend? You know? Yeah. Yes. Overthrow me 341 00:24:53,190 --> 00:24:58,410 to rise again. Like once been overthrown, knock me 342 00:24:58,410 --> 00:25:03,130 down to rise again. Do we have this in our 343 00:25:04,030 --> 00:25:07,490 Religion, like, do we, you know, sometimes pray 344 00:25:07,490 --> 00:25:14,650 God, like, to do this for us? How? Like, how do 345 00:25:14,650 --> 00:25:19,570 we, like, ask God, like, yeah, Allah to do this 346 00:25:19,570 --> 00:25:24,970 for us? You know, I sometimes I hear some people 347 00:25:24,970 --> 00:25:32,100 say, may I, you know, live a poor, and like even 348 00:25:32,100 --> 00:25:36,580 be accompanied by the poor in the day after like 349 00:25:36,580 --> 00:25:40,560 in you know they they they say that and some 350 00:25:40,560 --> 00:25:45,020 people you know are happy when they are inflicted 351 00:25:45,020 --> 00:25:49,740 you know what's mean inflicted they are happy you 352 00:25:49,740 --> 00:25:54,500 know they become patient so we have something 353 00:25:54,500 --> 00:25:57,060 similar to this like yes 354 00:26:13,860 --> 00:26:20,480 So mistake is not seen totally as something 355 00:26:20,480 --> 00:26:26,720 negative. Mistake is something foolish, but if we 356 00:26:26,720 --> 00:26:30,280 don't Like sometimes it is seen as something good, 357 00:26:30,520 --> 00:26:35,940 because it is a chance for us to learn, to repent. 358 00:26:36,480 --> 00:26:40,240 So a mistake is not totally seen as something bad. 359 00:26:40,540 --> 00:26:44,100 Yes? When Allah inflicted us by a difficult 360 00:26:44,100 --> 00:26:47,000 situation, we go back to Him, we improve. Yes, 361 00:26:47,060 --> 00:26:49,560 very good, very good. Yes, when we are inflicted, 362 00:26:49,940 --> 00:26:53,620 we become close to our Creator. We become close. 363 00:26:54,060 --> 00:26:57,770 And this is an advantage of inflection. Wow, good. 364 00:26:58,370 --> 00:27:02,350 So I think you started to be metaphysical. You 365 00:27:02,350 --> 00:27:08,580 started to be intellectual. Good. So more? I know 366 00:27:08,580 --> 00:27:12,640 the last line is a little bit difficult. It is 367 00:27:12,640 --> 00:27:16,000 very erotic, but this has to do with the queer, 368 00:27:16,220 --> 00:27:20,000 the strange philosophy of John Donne, which has to 369 00:27:20,000 --> 00:27:24,500 do with their beliefs. Okay, I don't want to 370 00:27:24,500 --> 00:27:29,880 explain this now, but later. Let's see. Better my 371 00:27:29,880 --> 00:27:36,390 heart, three person God. Better my heart. You can 372 00:27:36,390 --> 00:27:42,210 say batter my heart, break. Why not, you know, 373 00:27:42,250 --> 00:27:46,550 like batter my heart? The word batter make it into 374 00:27:46,550 --> 00:27:51,290 shutter. Batter means batter my heart. So what 375 00:27:51,290 --> 00:27:56,330 does the word batter, if he says like, you know, 376 00:27:57,910 --> 00:28:06,560 no, no, no. Not bomb. destroy even though I'm just 377 00:28:06,560 --> 00:28:13,060 like looking for a more remove my heart change my 378 00:28:13,060 --> 00:28:17,740 heart yeah but why is better my heart is more 379 00:28:17,740 --> 00:28:23,200 effective and what does it mean better my heart it 380 00:28:23,200 --> 00:28:27,720 is stronger and when because you know why why is 381 00:28:27,720 --> 00:28:30,560 he using stronger words he's angry with himself 382 00:28:33,440 --> 00:28:34,740 Better my heart. 383 00:28:38,600 --> 00:28:41,620 Yeah, very good. Strong sin. You know, because the 384 00:28:41,620 --> 00:28:46,840 sin is strong, so he needs a power, a force. 385 00:28:47,300 --> 00:28:50,660 Better my heart. Three-person God. Three-person 386 00:28:50,660 --> 00:28:54,640 God. A three-person God, like this is a reference 387 00:28:54,640 --> 00:28:59,980 to Trinity. Trinity, the Father, the Son, and the 388 00:28:59,980 --> 00:29:06,350 Holy Spirit. As yet, but not breathe, shine, and 389 00:29:06,350 --> 00:29:10,550 seek to mend. Like, if you paraphrase this, it is 390 00:29:10,550 --> 00:29:17,510 easy. I will never be mended unless, you know, I'm 391 00:29:17,510 --> 00:29:23,290 broken, unless my heart is shattered and broken to 392 00:29:23,290 --> 00:29:28,470 pieces. As yet, but not Without looking at me, 393 00:29:28,910 --> 00:29:32,530 without breathing, shining, and seek to mend, I 394 00:29:32,530 --> 00:29:36,990 cannot be mended. So look here how he perceives 395 00:29:36,990 --> 00:29:40,730 himself. He perceives himself as a guilty person 396 00:29:40,730 --> 00:29:47,470 who is, let's say, not fixed, not mended. He needs 397 00:29:47,470 --> 00:29:53,670 some power to mend him. That I may rise and stand, 398 00:29:54,410 --> 00:29:57,620 overthrow me. Overthrow me. 399 00:30:00,540 --> 00:30:07,920 Overthrow me. Kill me. Bring me down. Overthrow 400 00:30:07,920 --> 00:30:14,380 me. Let me fall in order to rise. So how? This is 401 00:30:14,380 --> 00:30:19,700 the idea of infliction. We cannot be strong. You 402 00:30:19,700 --> 00:30:22,660 know, because when we are inflicted, we become 403 00:30:22,660 --> 00:30:28,470 closer to God. We become very intransigent, 404 00:30:28,770 --> 00:30:35,550 intransigent like very powerful. We become more 405 00:30:35,550 --> 00:30:41,070 perseverant, more patient. Yes, that I may rise 406 00:30:41,070 --> 00:30:47,410 and stand, overthrow me, and bend. And bend what? 407 00:30:47,790 --> 00:30:54,590 Your force to break, blow, burn, look, to break. 408 00:30:57,360 --> 00:31:05,200 look at the blow burn so he these are strong these 409 00:31:05,200 --> 00:31:12,540 verbs denote strong action and this shows how he's 410 00:31:12,540 --> 00:31:17,280 obsessed with guilt this shows how much he was 411 00:31:17,280 --> 00:31:22,150 guilty So he wanted God to do that because his 412 00:31:22,150 --> 00:31:25,970 guilt was great. His sin was great. So he wanted 413 00:31:25,970 --> 00:31:30,690 God to do what? To burn, to blow, you know, to 414 00:31:30,690 --> 00:31:33,590 break in order to make him new. 415 00:31:36,750 --> 00:31:46,030 I like an usurped town. I am Like usurped town. 416 00:31:46,370 --> 00:31:49,190 I'm like Jerusalem. Look at Jerusalem. What do you 417 00:31:49,190 --> 00:31:53,270 think of Jerusalem? Jerusalem is occupied. It is 418 00:31:53,270 --> 00:31:57,430 usurped. What does it mean usurped? It is taken by 419 00:31:57,430 --> 00:32:03,030 force. In other words, in Arabic, you know, 420 00:32:03,110 --> 00:32:11,710 usurped. I like a usurped town. I am like a 421 00:32:11,710 --> 00:32:16,140 usurped town. This is what a conceit, but 422 00:32:16,140 --> 00:32:22,200 originally this is a simile. However, now when 423 00:32:22,200 --> 00:32:26,180 you, when somebody says, declares, I like a 424 00:32:26,180 --> 00:32:30,240 usurped town, it's very strange. Look at you, you 425 00:32:30,240 --> 00:32:36,240 are, you're surprised, because you know, we don't 426 00:32:36,240 --> 00:32:41,920 have, let's say, ground of similarity. How come 427 00:32:41,920 --> 00:32:46,800 you are like a usurped town? But sometimes in our 428 00:32:46,800 --> 00:32:50,320 age, we understand somebody, you know, أنا القدس 429 00:32:50,320 --> 00:32:54,980 المحتلة. Sometimes we understand this. I like a 430 00:32:54,980 --> 00:32:59,100 reserved town. So he's like a town which is 431 00:32:59,100 --> 00:33:04,220 occupied. I think, you know, you start to think, 432 00:33:04,340 --> 00:33:11,060 who's occupying him? Satan. And his, you know, 433 00:33:11,140 --> 00:33:15,580 sins. Of course, Satan is the occupier. Satan is 434 00:33:15,580 --> 00:33:19,260 the occupier. He's occupied. Wow. Sins are 435 00:33:19,260 --> 00:33:24,100 soldiers. Sins are the soldiers of Satan. Wow. 436 00:33:25,460 --> 00:33:31,240 Look at him. I like a usurp town to another Jew. 437 00:33:33,240 --> 00:33:36,520 To another Jew. Who's the other? Who's another? 438 00:33:37,840 --> 00:33:49,450 What does it mean Jew? Loyal. Loyal. So, who is he 439 00:33:49,450 --> 00:33:55,770 loyal to? Or to whom is he loyal? To Satan. 440 00:33:57,850 --> 00:34:03,990 Yes, to another Jew. Labor to admit you, but oh, 441 00:34:04,150 --> 00:34:13,590 to no end. My sincere efforts are for you, but in 442 00:34:13,590 --> 00:34:21,310 vain. Why? Because he is occupied. Because he 443 00:34:21,310 --> 00:34:23,110 doesn't have freedom. 444 00:34:26,230 --> 00:34:32,230 Reason mind your viceroy. 445 00:34:34,610 --> 00:34:38,510 I mean what is interesting here we are moving from 446 00:34:38,510 --> 00:34:44,230 one conceit still like the conceit of being a 447 00:34:44,230 --> 00:34:48,330 usurped town, we can understand it. And we 448 00:34:48,330 --> 00:34:52,250 understand Satan, ah God, Satan is like occupier 449 00:34:52,250 --> 00:34:58,290 and this town will not be freed 450 00:34:58,290 --> 00:35:07,010 or let's say liberated until God 451 00:35:07,010 --> 00:35:13,230 intervenes and then helps in that. Here, reason 452 00:35:13,230 --> 00:35:17,650 your viceroy. Reason, what's mean viceroy? I 453 00:35:17,650 --> 00:35:21,470 think, you know, like those who used to smoke, 454 00:35:21,990 --> 00:35:24,190 they know that there is something called viceroy 455 00:35:24,190 --> 00:35:26,970 cigarettes, you know, viceroy cigarettes. But 456 00:35:26,970 --> 00:35:31,330 viceroy, what's mean viceroy? Ah, you have not 457 00:35:31,330 --> 00:35:34,690 been preparing the poem. You have not been using 458 00:35:34,690 --> 00:35:40,150 your dictionaries. I'm sorry. Huh? Viceroy means? 459 00:35:41,740 --> 00:35:46,400 Deputy. Viceroy means representative. 460 00:35:48,480 --> 00:35:56,640 Yeah. Your reason is your viceroy. And here 461 00:35:56,640 --> 00:35:59,680 reason, it is more than the mind. It is the soul 462 00:35:59,680 --> 00:36:03,820 itself. It is the soul, which, you know, is the 463 00:36:03,820 --> 00:36:08,570 representative of God in man. You know? And I 464 00:36:08,570 --> 00:36:11,950 think also as a Muslim, we think that we are, we 465 00:36:11,950 --> 00:36:15,630 are having this divine power. This divine, this 466 00:36:15,630 --> 00:36:19,090 divine thing in us, which is the soul, is from 467 00:36:19,090 --> 00:36:22,130 God, from Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala. So, he means, 468 00:36:22,690 --> 00:36:28,150 reason your viceroy in me should defend, but is 469 00:36:28,150 --> 00:36:31,710 captive, like this is the conceit, but is captive, 470 00:36:33,230 --> 00:36:38,600 and proves weak or untrue. How God, how come it is 471 00:36:38,600 --> 00:36:43,940 captive? What is captive here? The soul, the 472 00:36:43,940 --> 00:36:51,200 reason. What is captive? What captivates? No, no, 473 00:36:51,640 --> 00:36:56,700 no, no, no. If you don't answer this, you will 474 00:36:56,700 --> 00:36:58,800 never understand the second conceit. 475 00:37:05,150 --> 00:37:06,110 No, you're not warm? 476 00:37:10,070 --> 00:37:16,230 Yes? Try to use your mind? No? I'm sorry, I won't 477 00:37:16,230 --> 00:37:18,010 tell you until you answer it. 478 00:37:22,670 --> 00:37:26,370 Yeah, the question is like, the soul is captive. 479 00:37:27,210 --> 00:37:30,170 How? Can you elaborate this? 480 00:37:33,230 --> 00:37:37,130 No, no, no, no. Yes, the body. Thank you very 481 00:37:37,130 --> 00:37:41,370 much. It is captive by the body. The body for the 482 00:37:41,370 --> 00:37:45,430 Christian is, you know, the place which, you know, 483 00:37:46,650 --> 00:37:51,210 captures the soul. And the soul won't be itself 484 00:37:51,210 --> 00:37:55,170 until it is... So this is the second conceit. You 485 00:37:55,170 --> 00:37:58,800 see? So we have two conceits here. I think we have 486 00:37:58,800 --> 00:38:02,540 to stop here because this poem, as you see, is 487 00:38:02,540 --> 00:38:08,400 very interesting and it is realistic and it 488 00:38:08,400 --> 00:38:13,520 requires some of our intellectualism, you know, 489 00:38:13,560 --> 00:38:17,330 like we have to employ our understanding, but it 490 00:38:17,330 --> 00:38:19,690 is very interesting. So next time we're going to 491 00:38:19,690 --> 00:38:23,490 spend another class analyzing this poem and 492 00:38:23,490 --> 00:38:28,410 perhaps like to give you some background or 493 00:38:28,410 --> 00:38:32,030 revision about the exam. We can talk about this 494 00:38:32,030 --> 00:38:35,570 either on Monday or Wednesday. Thank you very much 495 00:38:35,570 --> 00:38:38,530 and continue preparing for this poem.