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Bismillahirrahmanirrahim. Today inshallah we are

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going to discuss just a new subject that is

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adjectives in English and Arabic. We are going to

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see the different types of adjectives in English

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the attributive and the predicative adjectives and

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their types in English, their order in English.

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You know, we have a specific order for the

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adjectives in English. you have to follow it once

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you translate it from Arabic to English or when

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you

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just write English. You have to follow a specific

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system just in using the adjectives. Sometimes the

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adjective can modify one noun which is always, you

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know, the adjectives modify a noun or pronoun, but

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you have one adjective modifying a noun, sometimes

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you have two adjectives modifying a noun, or more

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than two adjectives. How could you deal with these

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adjectives? How could you order them in the

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sentence? Okay, this is what we are going to

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discuss today. And we are going to see Arabic. Do

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we have a specific system for ordering the

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adjectives in Arabic? Is there a specific system

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or not? There's no specific system in Arabic. The

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specific system is available in English. Arabic is

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more liberal in the order of adjectives than

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English. So this causes what's called negative

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interference. Once you translate from Arabic to

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English, you commit serious errors in the order of

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the adjectives. These may be interlingual errors

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or interlingual errors. We are going to see the

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subject today in detail to come out with the

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results and to clarify the areas of difficulties

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in using adjectives.

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First of all, let's see the definition of

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adjectives.

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It can be modified. I mean, the adjective can be

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modified as a word that modifies or qualifies a

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noun or pronoun.

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In one of three forms, either comparative degree,

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positive degree, or superlative degree. We have

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three types of comparison in English. The positive

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degree as strong as comparative degree stronger

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than the superlative degree the strongest.

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So the main syntactic rule of adjectives is to

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modify a noun or pronoun.

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Here we see the

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adjectives and the modifying objects, I mean the

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nouns. Large towers could be seen from long

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distance. Long distance. Long is an adjective.

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Remodifies the noun distance. This is called

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attributive adjective. Once the adjective precedes

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the noun or the pronoun, it is called attributive

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adjective. And once it follows or post modifies

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the noun, it is called predicative adjective.

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The fish shape balloon floated over the treetops.

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Fish-shaped balloon. Fish-shaped is an adjective

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modifying or demodifying balloon. Okay, in this

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sentence. The back room was filled with large

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yellow rain boats. We have two adjectives

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describing one noun or demodifying one noun, rain

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boats. Two adjectives. Once you have two

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adjectives, you separate between them by using a

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comma. Okay? Large yellow. These are called also

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attributive adjectives. The cool minds are dark

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and dunk. The girls are happy. Okay? We have here

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the cool minds, which is the noun. to be modified

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in the sentence as you see the cool minds are dark

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and dank the girls are happy now all the

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adjectives dark dank happy are attribute are

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predicative adjectives because they post modify

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the noun okay so once the adjective comes after

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the noun it is called predicative adjective and

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once it precedes the noun it is called attributive

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adjective.

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Now we have also another type of adjective this is

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morphological type I mean The adjective which can

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be formed of two or more words combined by the use

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of hyphens. Once we explained compounding to you

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previously, we spoke about hyphenated compounding,

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space compounding, and solid compounding. You

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still recall that? Okay. The three-year-old child.

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Three-year-old, this is an adjective. Remodifying

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a noun, which is, where is the noun here? Child.

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Is it called redicative or attributive?

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Attributive. Okay. A $60 sweater.

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Okay. So we have a $60 as attributive adjective,

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remodifying the noun sweater. a two-week journey.

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We have journey remodified by the adjective two

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-week. These are called attributive adjectives.

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Yes, here once you have a number preceding noun

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this noun remains in its base generated position

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in its sorry in its base position in its stem

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position cannot accept any inflection so you can't

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for example say sixty dollars sweeter it's wrong

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three years old child it's wrong you have to say

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three three year sixty dollar two week okay

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once the noun is preceded by a number written

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number as you see then there must be no plural at

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all the noun remains in its singular status it

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stands as an adjective as

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we mentioned we have the adjectives appear in two

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main types either attributive remodifying a noun

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or predicative post modifying the noun you see

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okay the new secretary is a bsc holder the new

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secretary new It's an adjective. Is it attributive

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or predicative? Attributive. The tall men are

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basketball players.

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Basketball players. So we have tall men. What do

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you call tall? Attributive adjective. We have

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predicative adjectives. When the adjective Post

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modifies the noun which when it comes after the

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noun okay this is when an adjective used after the

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verbs be seen look become and other link verbs and

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is a part of the predicate it's it's said to be

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predicative adjective she is afraid of ghosts what

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does afraid as an adjective modify it modifies He,

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this is the pronoun. Does it come after or before?

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After. So this is called predicative adjective.

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The address is new, isn't it? Okay, new is an

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adjective. Post modifying the address. Okay, so it

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is predicative adjective. She looks rich. I feel

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unhappy. What about rich and unhappy? They are

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adjectives. The first one, rich, post-modifies the

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pronoun she. It is called predicative. And unhappy

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also is predicative. It post-modifies the pronoun

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I.

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We have some fixed phrases where the adjective

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comes after the noun. We say, for example,

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secretary-general. The United Nations secretary

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-general.

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Attorney-general.

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President-elect. Court martial.

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God Almighty, poet laureate, attorney general. So

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you have these nouns are always post modified by

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predicative adjective. Okay, we say for example,

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Mudir Aam. How could we translate it?

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General director? It's wrong. Director general.

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Okay.

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Yes, it is the same as secretary general. Yeah.

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Most of the adjectives ending in A-P-L-E or I-P-L

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-E come after the noun. They post modify the noun.

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Most of them appear as a form of predicative

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adjectives. Okay? send all the tickets available

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we

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say available tickets but here tickets available

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both and they alternate either pre-modifying or

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post-modifying once they end with ABLE or IBLE

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it's the only solution possible or possible

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solution okay

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Now we have adjectives come directly after the

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universal and partitive pronouns, something,

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everything, anything, nothing, somebody, anywhere,

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and similar words. You have, once we say everyone,

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anyone, everybody, these are called universal

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pronouns. Somebody, someone, these are called

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partitive pronouns, okay? Anywhere, etc. So once

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you have these pronouns,

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we have the adjectives come after them. Have you

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read anything interesting? We cannot say, have you

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read interesting things? Anything interesting

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lately? Let's go somewhere quiet. Let's go

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somewhere quiet. We cannot say let's go some

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quiet, okay? Somewhere quiet somewhere. It's

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wrong. Let's go somewhere quiet.

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Okay, once you have we have another sentence. Have

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you ever read anything interesting lately? So we

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have interesting as an adjective. What do you call

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it predicative or attributive? Predicative why?

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Because it is preceded by the pronoun anything

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Let's go somewhere quiet as you see Okay we have

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Adjectives

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called present proper.

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Which they refer to, which refer to time. They

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mean here or there.

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The present members, when I say the present

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members, those who are members now. Those who are

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actually members now. The members present,

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the students present, the students who are present

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now a moment in the class. The present students,

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okay, we speak about the students registered in

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the course.

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So once you have the word present followed by a

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noun, it can be attributive, it can be

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predicative, but the meaning differs. Once you

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translate, the meaning must be different. You have

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to take care of that. Absent.

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As I mentioned,

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the present members and members present. We have

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adjectives preceding the noun, such as proper,

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means real or genuine. Once it comes after the

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noun, it refers to the central or main part of

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something. Olive mountain, جبل الزيتون is a proper

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mountain, not a hill. Proper comes before. This is

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an attributive adjective. Olive Mountain is a

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proper mountain, not a hill. After two days

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crossing the foothills, they reached the mountain

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proper. So we have proper preceding the noun and

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proper following the noun. And the two sentences

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are completely different in meaning. Okay? Olive

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Mountain is a proper mountain, not a hill. After

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two days crossing the foothills, they reached the

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mountain proper.

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Mountain proper. So in the second sentence, we

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have proper standing as predicative adjective. And

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in the first sentence, Olive Mountain is a proper

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mountain. Here we have proper standing as

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attributive adjective.

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Now, linguistically, we have the adjectives appear

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in different types. Number one, proper adjectives.

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The adjectives derived from a proper noun, such as

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Palestinian, from Palestine. Norwegian, from

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Norway. Islamic, from Islam.

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Jerusalem is the Palestinian capital.

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Jerusalem, the Palestinian capital, has an

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interesting history. Palestinian. What type this

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adjective is? It's a proper adjective. Why?

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Because it is derived from a noun, Palestine. Many

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of my friends are Norwegians. It's proper because

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it is derived from Norway. The house is a fine

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example of Islamic architecture. Islamic is

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derived from Islam. It is a noun. Here it is an

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adjective called proper adjective because it is

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derived originally from a noun. We have what is

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called attributive adjectives. We agree that the

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attributive adjectives precede or follow the noun.

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Precede the noun. Heavy rain is expected in the

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island. Heavy. What do you call heavy? Attributive

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adjective, mainly because it precedes the noun. We

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saw savage animals on the zoo. Savage. Again,

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attributive because it precedes and pre-modifies

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the noun animals.

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Now, we have different types of attributive

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adjectives. We have adjectives of quality. They

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refer to a quality of the subject. Once we say,

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for example, Egypt is a beautiful country. Where's

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the adjective? It's beautiful. Does it post-modify

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or pre-modify the noun? Pre-modify the noun. This

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is why it is called attributive. She's a tall

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girl. Tall. The same. So we have adjectives of

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quality. which they qualify or they refer to the

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quality of the subject. We have adjectives of

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quantity or quantitative adjectives.

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They answer the question, how much? He's a little

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stupid. I had some tea. So they answer the

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question, how much?

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We've seen the adjectives of quality, the

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adjectives of quantity, and now the adjectives of

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number.

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The adjectives of number are attributive and they

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always denote numbers. They can be definitive

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numeral adjectives, which they denote exact

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number. Give me five pencils. Five pencils. Five

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is an adjective. This is a numerical adjective

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standing as attributive adjectives. Five pencils.

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00:21:01,240 --> 00:21:07,180
I have one pencil with me. One. Okay? So it is

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00:21:07,180 --> 00:21:11,160
definite because it is known. We have still

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00:21:11,160 --> 00:21:13,240
indefinite numeral adjectives.

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00:21:15,900 --> 00:21:20,200
They do not denote specific number. Give me some

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00:21:20,200 --> 00:21:25,820
pins. Where's the adjective? Some. Okay. Several

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00:21:25,820 --> 00:21:28,340
students attended the meeting. Where's the

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00:21:28,340 --> 00:21:32,160
adjective? Several. So they are generic. They do

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00:21:32,160 --> 00:21:36,340
not refer to a specific number. We have what is

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00:21:36,340 --> 00:21:39,880
called distributive adjective. Distributive

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00:21:39,880 --> 00:21:41,160
numeral adjectives.

265
00:21:43,590 --> 00:21:48,790
These refer to each one of a number. Words like

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00:21:48,790 --> 00:21:53,490
each, every, either, neither fall in this

267
00:21:53,490 --> 00:21:57,390
category. Okay? So distributive numeral adjectives

268
00:21:57,390 --> 00:22:02,570
refer to words like each, every, either, neither.

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00:22:04,910 --> 00:22:11,240
Each of the students is to pay a fine. Each of the

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00:22:11,240 --> 00:22:15,080
students. Where's the adjective? Each. It is still

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00:22:15,080 --> 00:22:18,920
attributive. Our country expects every man to do

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00:22:18,920 --> 00:22:23,800
his duty. Where's the adjective? Every. Each

273
00:22:23,800 --> 00:22:28,580
student must take his turn. Each. Every boy, girl,

274
00:22:28,780 --> 00:22:32,600
man and woman was enjoying the fun with him.

275
00:22:33,480 --> 00:22:38,930
Every. Neither side was secured. Muhammad wanted

276
00:22:38,930 --> 00:22:42,970
everyone to do his duty honestly and efficiently.

277
00:22:43,090 --> 00:22:47,150
Everyone. Either reference will meet my need.

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00:22:47,290 --> 00:22:47,730
Either.

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00:22:50,590 --> 00:22:55,650
We still have demonstrative adjectives which they

280
00:22:55,650 --> 00:22:59,890
refer to attributive adjectives. This boy is my

281
00:22:59,890 --> 00:23:06,390
brother. This, that. Those, these. Okay, these

282
00:23:06,390 --> 00:23:12,010
fruits are spoiled. So this boy, what is the

283
00:23:12,010 --> 00:23:16,710
adjective here? The demonstrative pronoun stands

284
00:23:16,710 --> 00:23:21,190
as an adjective, attributive adjective. This,

285
00:23:21,990 --> 00:23:26,010
these fruits, these. Originally it is

286
00:23:26,010 --> 00:23:30,030
demonstrative adjective, it's a determiner, but it

287
00:23:30,030 --> 00:23:33,920
stands as an adjective. We have what is called

288
00:23:33,920 --> 00:23:35,620
interrogative adjectives.

289
00:23:38,860 --> 00:23:39,580
Okay?

290
00:23:42,640 --> 00:23:48,880
These refer to words like what, which, whose, etc.

291
00:23:49,940 --> 00:23:54,020
They are used with nouns to ask questions. Whose

292
00:23:54,020 --> 00:23:58,920
car is this? Where's the adjective here? Whose car

293
00:23:58,920 --> 00:24:02,780
is this? Whose is an adjective. What do you call

294
00:24:02,780 --> 00:24:06,960
it? Attributive or predicative? Attributive

295
00:24:06,960 --> 00:24:11,320
because it remodifies the noun car okay it is

296
00:24:11,320 --> 00:24:14,440
called demonstrative adjectives because it is

297
00:24:14,440 --> 00:24:18,960
originally a demonstrative pronoun. We have

298
00:24:18,960 --> 00:24:24,460
possessive adjectives like myself, my, your, his,

299
00:24:24,620 --> 00:24:30,060
her, it our it's our their okay possessive

300
00:24:30,060 --> 00:24:34,520
pronouns i mean possessive pronouns okay what's

301
00:24:34,520 --> 00:24:37,280
your aim where's the adjective here in the

302
00:24:37,280 --> 00:24:41,360
sentence your okay it stands as possessive

303
00:24:41,360 --> 00:24:41,860
adjective

304
00:24:44,540 --> 00:24:47,060
This means that the possessive pronouns are called

305
00:24:47,060 --> 00:24:49,700
possessive adjectives. They are always

306
00:24:49,700 --> 00:24:53,220
attributive, as you see. The interrogative

307
00:24:53,220 --> 00:24:56,060
adjectives, I mean the pronoun, the interrogative,

308
00:24:56,140 --> 00:25:00,780
the which questions, which, whose, what, etc.

309
00:25:01,160 --> 00:25:04,520
These are called attributive adjectives. The

310
00:25:04,520 --> 00:25:06,420
demonstrative adjectives are originally

311
00:25:06,420 --> 00:25:10,260
demonstrative pronouns. This, that, these, those,

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00:25:10,400 --> 00:25:10,720
etc.

313
00:25:16,490 --> 00:25:20,070
Still, we have the types of attributive

314
00:25:20,070 --> 00:25:20,830
adjectives.

315
00:25:23,650 --> 00:25:29,330
Now, once you have multiple adjectives which they

316
00:25:29,330 --> 00:25:34,150
modify only one subject, we use commas to separate

317
00:25:34,150 --> 00:25:39,370
between these adjectives. The white hangry cat ate

318
00:25:39,370 --> 00:25:42,770
the cheese. The white hangry. We have two

319
00:25:42,770 --> 00:25:47,130
adjectives. They are separated by A comma. The

320
00:25:47,130 --> 00:25:53,730
bike is red, slow and very old. Bike is red, slow.

321
00:25:54,570 --> 00:25:57,910
The third one is simulated by or connected by and.

322
00:25:59,210 --> 00:25:59,510
Okay?

323
00:26:04,070 --> 00:26:07,630
If you have... Second example. The bike is red,

324
00:26:07,790 --> 00:26:11,230
slow and very old. This is attributable. The bike

325
00:26:11,230 --> 00:26:16,070
is red, slow and very old. It is not attributive,

326
00:26:16,690 --> 00:26:20,090
it's predicative. We mentioned that once the

327
00:26:20,090 --> 00:26:23,890
adjective follows the noun, it is predicative.

328
00:26:24,950 --> 00:26:30,200
Once it follows, but once it precedes the noun, it

329
00:26:30,200 --> 00:26:34,660
is attributive so we have post modification and

330
00:26:34,660 --> 00:26:38,700
pre modification post modification is related to

331
00:26:38,700 --> 00:26:42,380
predicative adjectives and pre modification is

332
00:26:42,380 --> 00:26:49,360
related to attributive adjectives now

333
00:26:49,360 --> 00:26:52,140
if you have two adjectives we speak about the

334
00:26:52,140 --> 00:26:55,050
predicative If you have two adjectives both

335
00:26:55,050 --> 00:26:58,610
modifying the noun, then they are connected to

336
00:26:58,610 --> 00:27:02,450
each other by using and without a comma. Mary is

337
00:27:02,450 --> 00:27:03,730
silly and annoying.

338
00:27:06,530 --> 00:27:11,670
Alistair is cool, funny, intelligent, and smart.

339
00:27:12,510 --> 00:27:17,050
Okay, so you have the first two adjectives

340
00:27:17,050 --> 00:27:21,270
separated by a comma, okay? And the last two

341
00:27:21,270 --> 00:27:26,950
adjectives are joined by N without comma, okay? If

342
00:27:26,950 --> 00:27:30,330
you have two adjectives post modifying a noun,

343
00:27:30,690 --> 00:27:35,190
they are connected with and without commas.

344
00:27:37,530 --> 00:27:42,750
We have what is called participial adjective. The

345
00:27:42,750 --> 00:27:47,550
one which has the form of a participle. An amusing

346
00:27:47,550 --> 00:27:54,010
story. What do you call this? Amusing. Adjective,

347
00:27:54,090 --> 00:27:57,330
yes. But what do you call it? Redicutive or

348
00:27:57,330 --> 00:28:00,850
attributive? Attributive. Attributive. A lying

349
00:28:00,850 --> 00:28:08,270
divination. A lying still attributive. We have

350
00:28:08,270 --> 00:28:09,630
compound adjectives.

351
00:28:11,850 --> 00:28:16,650
Okay? I mean, the one that consists of two or more

352
00:28:16,650 --> 00:28:20,740
words joined together. either by a hyphen or

353
00:28:20,740 --> 00:28:30,320
solid, okay, like not brown, laughter-loving, four

354
00:28:30,320 --> 00:28:36,840
-footed, threefold, lord-like, lovesick, okay. We

355
00:28:36,840 --> 00:28:40,300
have here hyphenated adjectives and we have solid

356
00:28:40,300 --> 00:28:44,040
adjectives. Still, all of them are compound

357
00:28:44,040 --> 00:28:46,740
adjectives, okay.

358
00:28:56,080 --> 00:29:01,140
We come to the most tricky area of adjectives now.

359
00:29:02,200 --> 00:29:04,740
The order of these adjectives.

360
00:29:07,880 --> 00:29:13,980
In most languages, adjectives are controlled or

361
00:29:13,980 --> 00:29:17,760
bound by a specific order. Still, some other

362
00:29:17,760 --> 00:29:22,380
languages like Arabic is very free, is liberal,

363
00:29:23,390 --> 00:29:27,030
The order of adjectives is highly dynamic. There

364
00:29:27,030 --> 00:29:30,130
is no rule for governing the adjectives in Arabic

365
00:29:30,130 --> 00:29:35,110
except their importance. We classify the

366
00:29:35,110 --> 00:29:38,350
adjectives in the Arabic sentence according to its

367
00:29:38,350 --> 00:29:42,650
importance. The most important one, then the

368
00:29:42,650 --> 00:29:45,870
important one, then the least important one, as we

369
00:29:45,870 --> 00:29:48,590
are going to explain later. However, this is not

370
00:29:48,590 --> 00:29:54,300
available in English. English has a specific and

371
00:29:54,300 --> 00:29:58,120
very strict rule for ordering the adjective in the

372
00:29:58,120 --> 00:30:03,820
sentence. This is very problematic for the Arab

373
00:30:03,820 --> 00:30:06,920
learners of English because once they translate

374
00:30:06,920 --> 00:30:09,440
from Arabic into English, they commit serious

375
00:30:09,440 --> 00:30:14,240
errors. They just write the adjectives or

376
00:30:14,240 --> 00:30:18,750
translate the adjectives very spontaneously. Okay,

377
00:30:19,290 --> 00:30:21,550
completely like Arabic by this they commit

378
00:30:21,550 --> 00:30:32,770
interlingual errors, you know Interlingual yes So

379
00:30:32,770 --> 00:30:35,750
adjective pertaining size for example generally

380
00:30:35,750 --> 00:30:40,670
precede adjective pertaining the age size Precedes

381
00:30:40,670 --> 00:30:46,590
age. So we say for example little old Little old

382
00:30:49,310 --> 00:30:56,170
Boy or child. Not old, little. Okay? So, size

383
00:30:56,170 --> 00:30:58,290
precedes age.

384
00:31:04,030 --> 00:31:08,790
These two precedes what is called color. We say,

385
00:31:08,890 --> 00:31:15,310
for example, old, green. Not green, old. The age

386
00:31:15,310 --> 00:31:18,070
precedes color.

387
00:31:21,900 --> 00:31:29,300
So this order, I mean size, all, age, then color

388
00:31:29,300 --> 00:31:36,240
is very systematic in English. However, it is not

389
00:31:36,240 --> 00:31:39,900
like so in Arabic or other languages. So it is

390
00:31:39,900 --> 00:31:44,700
more rigid. This means that the order is not like

391
00:31:44,700 --> 00:31:49,450
so. The order of adjectives in Arabic is quite

392
00:31:49,450 --> 00:31:54,130
elastic, quite free, liberal. It depends on their

393
00:31:54,130 --> 00:31:55,690
importance in the sentence.

394
00:32:03,170 --> 00:32:05,910
Now, the attributive adjectives and the

395
00:32:05,910 --> 00:32:10,210
predicative adjectives may have the same order in

396
00:32:10,210 --> 00:32:13,870
the sentence. This is in English. The package is

397
00:32:13,870 --> 00:32:18,510
small and light. The weather is clear, cold, and

398
00:32:18,510 --> 00:32:18,890
dry.

399
00:32:21,750 --> 00:32:25,990
Okay, this is English. We cannot say the weather

400
00:32:25,990 --> 00:32:33,170
is cold, clear, and dry. Or cold, dry, clear. It's

401
00:32:33,170 --> 00:32:37,250
wrong. You have to start with clear, then cold,

402
00:32:37,590 --> 00:32:43,410
then dry. We're going to give the exact rule for

403
00:32:43,410 --> 00:32:47,350
that. The photo stool is round and black.

404
00:32:51,230 --> 00:32:55,070
Now, in the first example, the adjective small

405
00:32:55,070 --> 00:33:00,910
indicates size. It precedes the adjective light,

406
00:33:01,670 --> 00:33:06,130
indicating weight. Light, the opposite is heavy.

407
00:33:06,950 --> 00:33:10,250
Okay? In the second example, the general

408
00:33:10,250 --> 00:33:13,550
descriptive adjective clear precedes the adjective

409
00:33:13,550 --> 00:33:18,750
cold indicating temperature cold temperature clear

410
00:33:18,750 --> 00:33:23,310
which precedes the adjective dry which indicating

411
00:33:23,310 --> 00:33:29,850
humidity in the

412
00:33:29,850 --> 00:33:32,050
third example, the adjective round indicating

413
00:33:32,050 --> 00:33:36,430
shape precedes the adjective black indicating

414
00:33:36,430 --> 00:33:40,640
color Okay? So shape precedes color.

415
00:33:45,580 --> 00:33:52,420
Okay? Now, if you have, as I mentioned, if you

416
00:33:52,420 --> 00:33:55,880
have more than one adjective, then you have to use

417
00:33:55,880 --> 00:34:00,120
punctuations. Okay? You have to use punctuations.

418
00:34:01,150 --> 00:34:03,430
If you have two adjectives, you separate between

419
00:34:03,430 --> 00:34:06,570
them by using a comma if they are attributive. But

420
00:34:06,570 --> 00:34:09,390
if they are they are predicative, you have to

421
00:34:09,390 --> 00:34:13,520
separate between them by using M. Okay. The

422
00:34:13,520 --> 00:34:17,980
clothes were clean and dry. The dancers were tall,

423
00:34:18,320 --> 00:34:22,680
slender, and graceful. Tall, slender, and

424
00:34:22,680 --> 00:34:25,760
graceful. You have three adjectives. The first two

425
00:34:25,760 --> 00:34:30,720
are separated by comma, and the second and third

426
00:34:30,720 --> 00:34:35,140
are joined by using and. Now, if you have an

427
00:34:35,140 --> 00:34:39,270
attributive adjective, it is the same. If you have

428
00:34:39,270 --> 00:34:42,530
attributive adjectives pre-modifying a noun or

429
00:34:42,530 --> 00:34:45,590
three attributive adjectives pre-modifying one

430
00:34:45,590 --> 00:34:48,250
noun, then you have the first two separated by a

431
00:34:48,250 --> 00:34:52,970
comma and the third one may be connected by using

432
00:34:52,970 --> 00:34:54,730
and. Okay?

433
00:34:59,770 --> 00:35:03,530
We have sometimes, we can have three or more

434
00:35:03,530 --> 00:35:07,570
predicative adjectives. An additional comma is

435
00:35:07,570 --> 00:35:11,050
sometimes placed before the word and. The dancers

436
00:35:11,050 --> 00:35:16,630
were tall, slender and graceful. I mean, the comma

437
00:35:16,630 --> 00:35:22,890
precedes the coordinator and. The conjunction and

438
00:35:22,890 --> 00:35:26,310
itself is preceded by either a comma or without.

439
00:35:29,710 --> 00:35:34,330
This comma is considered as unnecessary. Okay?

440
00:35:37,030 --> 00:35:40,570
Now, we have adjectives which are always

441
00:35:40,570 --> 00:35:47,150
predicative, like afloat, asleep, alone, alive,

442
00:35:47,670 --> 00:35:52,390
afraid, aglow. Okay? They are always predicative.

443
00:35:53,210 --> 00:35:59,210
The boat is afloat. The floating boat. Okay? So we

444
00:35:59,210 --> 00:36:02,190
have difference in meaning. The child is afraid.

445
00:36:02,830 --> 00:36:07,190
The frightened child. The sky is aglow. The

446
00:36:07,190 --> 00:36:12,910
glowing sky. The animal is alive. The live animal.

447
00:36:13,590 --> 00:36:17,330
The boy is asleep. The sleeping boy. Okay?

448
00:36:21,870 --> 00:36:28,310
We have also the demonstrative pronoun stands

449
00:36:29,180 --> 00:36:32,020
as predicative adjective as it stands as

450
00:36:32,020 --> 00:36:34,540
attributive as we mentioned previously the

451
00:36:34,540 --> 00:36:39,160
children are here the records were there I'm ready

452
00:36:39,160 --> 00:36:44,840
ready works as completely like the demonstrative

453
00:36:44,840 --> 00:36:49,180
pronoun in this regard it takes or it comes as

454
00:36:49,180 --> 00:36:58,320
predicative adjective okay now the adjective

455
00:37:00,780 --> 00:37:05,020
either attributive or predicative change the

456
00:37:05,020 --> 00:37:08,940
meaning once the adjective once the adjective

457
00:37:08,940 --> 00:37:13,620
comes after the noun it's predicative it changes

458
00:37:13,620 --> 00:37:17,280
the meaning if it stands before okay so you have

459
00:37:17,280 --> 00:37:20,220
what is called predicative adjectives and

460
00:37:20,220 --> 00:37:23,600
attributive adjectives you have the same the same

461
00:37:23,600 --> 00:37:27,300
adjective can take both Both characteristics,

462
00:37:27,480 --> 00:37:31,780
either predicative or attributive. But here, the

463
00:37:31,780 --> 00:37:36,380
sentence completely changes. Okay? We have, the

464
00:37:36,380 --> 00:37:40,880
treasurer was prisoned. The prison treasurer. I

465
00:37:40,880 --> 00:37:44,280
need you to translate these sentences. Robin

466
00:37:44,280 --> 00:37:49,860
Harris was late. The late Robin Harris. My friend

467
00:37:49,860 --> 00:37:56,000
is poor. My poor friend. So what I need from you

468
00:37:56,000 --> 00:38:00,160
is just to translate these sentences and to come

469
00:38:00,160 --> 00:38:05,780
next time preparing the adjectives and their

470
00:38:05,780 --> 00:38:10,540
punctuations. If you have two adjectives preceding

471
00:38:10,540 --> 00:38:15,890
the noun, how could you order them? I need you to

472
00:38:15,890 --> 00:38:20,470
prepare or to come to me next time understanding

473
00:38:20,470 --> 00:38:24,350
or preparing the order of adjectives. We have

474
00:38:24,350 --> 00:38:29,170
adjectives of descriptive adjectives. We have

475
00:38:29,170 --> 00:38:33,810
size. We have color adjectives. We have

476
00:38:33,810 --> 00:38:38,230
temperature adjectives. We have humidity

477
00:38:38,230 --> 00:38:42,710
adjectives, age adjectives, shape adjectives. How

478
00:38:42,710 --> 00:38:47,100
could you order them in the sentence we need you

479
00:38:47,100 --> 00:38:51,760
to come next time with a timetable or an order of

480
00:38:51,760 --> 00:38:54,180
these sentences systematic order of the sentence

481
00:38:54,180 --> 00:38:59,820
and how to punctuate these adjectives okay next

482
00:38:59,820 --> 00:39:02,100
time we are going to speak about the rest of the

483
00:39:02,100 --> 00:39:05,300
adjectives and we are going to shift to Arabic

484
00:39:05,300 --> 00:39:08,440
adjectives okay that's it for today thank you