Dexmedetomidine
Dexmedetomidine is a specific and selective alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonist. By binding to the presynaptic alpha-2 adrenoceptors, it inhibits the release if norepinephrine, therefore, terminate the propagation of pain signals. Activation of the postsynaptic alpha-2 adrenoceptors inhibits the sympathetic activity decreases blood pressure and heart rate.
Individualize and titrate Dexmeditomidine dosing to desired clinical effect.Administer Dexmeditomidine using a controlled infusion device.Dilute the 200 mcg/2 mL (100 mcg/mL) vial contents in 0.9% sodium chloride solution to achieve required concentration (4 mcg/mL) prior to administration.The 200 mcg/50 mL single-use bottles do not require further dilution prior to administration.For Adult Intensive Care Unit Sedation: Generally initiate at one mcg/kg over 10 minutes,  followed by a maintenance infusion of 0.2 to 0.7 mcg/kg/hour.For Adult Procedural Sedation: Generally initiate at one mcg/kg over 10 minutes, followed by a maintenance infusion initiated at 0.6 mcg/kg/hour and titrated to achieve desired clinical effect with doses ranging from 0.2 to 1 mcg/kg/hour.Alternative Doses: Recommended for patients over 65 years of age and awake fiberopticintubation patients.
Co-administration of Dexmedetomidine with anesthetics, sedatives, hypnotics, and opioids is likely to lead to an enhancement of effects.
Body as a Whole: Fever, hyperpyrexia, hypovolemia, light anesthesia, pain, rigorsCardiovascular Disorders, General: Blood pressure fluctuation, heart disorder, hypertension, hypotension, myocardial infarctionCentral and Peripheral Nervous System Disorders: Dizziness, headache, neuralgia, neuritis, speech disorder, convulsionGastrointestinal System Disorders: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting, nauseaLiver and Biliary System Disorders: Increased gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, hepatic function abnormal, hyperbilirubinemiaMetabolic and Nutritional Disorders: Acidosis, respiratory acidosis, hyperkalemia, thirst, hypoglycemiaPsychiatric Disorders: Agitation, confusion, delirium, hallucination, illusionRed Blood Cell Disorders: AnemiaRenal Disorders: Blood urea nitrogen increased, oliguriaRespiratory System Disorders: Hypoventilation, hypoxia, pulmonary congestionSkin Disorders: Increased sweatingVascular Disorders: HemorrhageVision Disorders: Photopsia, abnormal vision.
Pregnancy Category C.
Continuous monitoring is needed while patient receiving Dexmedetomidine.
Bradycardia, hypotension and cardiac arrest is observed.
Miscellaneous sedatives & hypnotics
Keep below 30°C temperature, away from light & moisture. Keep out of the reach of children.
{'Indications': 'Dexmedetomidine is a relatively selective alpha2-adrenergic agonist indicated for:Sedation of initially intubated and mechanically ventilated patients during treatment in an intensive care setting. Administer Dexmedetomidine by continuous infusion not to exceed 24 hours.Sedation of non-intubated patients prior to and/or during surgical and other procedures.'}