Filgotinib Maleate
রিউমাটয়েড আর্থ্রাইটিস: ফিলগোটিনিবের প্রস্তাবিত ডোজ হল দিনে একবার ২০০ মিগ্রা ট্যাবলেট।আলসারেটিভ কোলাইটিস: ফিলগোটিনিবের প্রস্তাবিত ডোজ হল প্রতিদিন একবার ২০০ মিগ্রা ট্যাবলেট। যে সমস্ত রোগী ২২ সপ্তাহের চিকিত্সার পরেও কোনও থেরাপিউটিক বেনেফিট পায়নি তাদের ফিলগোটিনিব বন্ধ করা উচিত।ভেনাস থ্রম্বোইম্বোলিজম, প্রধান প্রতিকূল কার্ডিওভাসকুলার ইভেন্ট এবং ম্যালিগন্যান্সির উচ্চ ঝুঁকিতে থাকা প্রাপ্তবয়স্কদের ক্ষেত্রে, মেইনটেনেন্স চিকিত্সার জন্য প্রস্তাবিত ডোজ হল প্রতিদিন একবার ১০০ মিগ্রা। রোগের বিস্তারের ক্ষেত্রে, ডোজটি প্রতিদিন একবার ২০০ মিগ্রামে বাড়ানো যেতে পারে। দীর্ঘমেয়াদী চিকিত্সার জন্য, সর্বনিম্ন কার্যকর ডোজ ব্যবহার করা উচিত।
রিউমাটয়েড আর্থ্রাইটিস: ফিলগোটিনিব প্রাপ্তবয়স্ক রোগীদের মধ্যে মাঝারি থেকে গুরুতর সক্রিয় রিউমাটয়েড আর্থ্রাইটিসের চিকিত্সার জন্য নির্দেশিত, যারা এক বা একাধিক রোগ-সংশোধনকারী অ্যান্টি-রিউম্যাটিক ওষুধের (DMARDs) প্রতি রেসপন্স করে না বা সহনশীলতা প্রকাশ করেনা। ফিলগোটিনিব মনোথেরাপি হিসাবে বা মেথোট্রেক্সেট এর সংমিশ্রণে ব্যবহার করা যেতে পারে।আলসারেটিভ কোলাইটিস: ফিলগোটিনিব মাঝারি থেকে গুরুতর সক্রিয় আলসারেটিভ কোলাইটিসে আক্রান্ত প্রাপ্তবয়স্ক রোগীদের চিকিত্সায় নির্দেশিত যাদের প্রচলিত থেরাপি বা বায়োলজিক এজেন্টের প্রতি অপর্যাপ্ত প্রতিক্রিয়া আছে, বা অসহনীয়।
প্রায়শই খবর পাওয়া প্রতিকূল প্রতিক্রিয়াগুলি হল বমিবমি ভাব, উপরের শ্বাসযন্ত্রের সংক্রমণ (URTI), মূত্রনালীর সংক্রমণ (UTI), মাথা ঘোরা ইত্যাদি।
আলো ও আর্দ্রতা থেকে দূরে, ২৫ ডিগ্রী সেঃ তাপমাত্রার নীচে রাখুন। শিশুদের নাগালের বাইরে রাখুন।
Filgotinib is an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-competitive and reversible inhibitor of the JAK family. JAKs are intracellular enzymes which transmit signals arising from cytokine or growth factor-receptor interactions on the cellular membrane. JAK1 is important in mediating inflammatory cytokine signals, JAK2 in mediating myelopoiesis and erythropoiesis and JAK3 plays critical roles in immune homeostasis and lymphopoiesis. Within the signalling pathway, JAKs phosphorylate and activate signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) which modulate intracellular activity including gene expression. Filgotinib modulates these signalling pathways by preventing the phosphorylation and activation of STATs. In biochemical assays, filgotinib preferentially inhibited the activity of JAK1 and showed >5-fold higher potency of filgotinib for JAK1 over JAK2, JAK3 and TYK2.
Rheumatoid arthritis: The recommended dose of Filgotinib is 200 mg tablet once a day.Ulcerative colitis: The recommended dose of Filgotinib is 200 mg once daily. Patients who have not shown any therapeutic benefit after 22 weeks of treatment should discontinue Filgotinibib.In adults at higher risk of venous thromboembolism, major adverse cardiovascular events and malignancy, the recommended dose for maintenance treatment is 100 mg once daily. In case of flare of the disease, the dose may be escalated to 200 mg once daily. For long term treatment, the lowest effective dose should be used.
Effect of other medicinal products on filgotinib: Filgotin is primarily metabolised by carboxylesterase 2 (CES2), which can be inhibited in vitro by medicinal products such as fenofibrate, carvedilol, diltiazem or simvastatin. The clinical relevance of this interaction is unknown.Effect of filgotinib on other medicinal products: Filgotin is not a clinically relevant inhibitor or inducer of most enzymes or transporters commonly involved in interactions such as cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT).
Hypersensitivity to the active substance or to any of the excipientsActive tuberculosis (TB) or active serious infectionsPregnancy
The most frequently reported adverse reactions are nausea, upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), urinary tract infection (UTI), dizziness etc.
Use in Pregnancy: There are no or limited amount of data from the use of filgotinib in pregnant women. Studies in animals have shown reproductive toxicity. Based on findings in animals, filgotinib may cause fetal harm and is therefore contraindicated during pregnancy.Women of childbearing potential / Contraception: Women of childbearing potential have to use effective contraception during and for at least 1 week after cessation of filgotinib treatment.Lactation: It is unknown whether filgotinib is excreted in human milk. A risk to breastfed newborns/infants cannot be excluded. Therefore, filgotinib should not be used during breast-feeding.
Immunosuppressive medicinal products: Combination of filgotinib with other potent immunosuppressants such as azathioprine, ciclosporin, tacrolimus, biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) or other Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors is not recommended as a risk of additive immunosuppression cannot be excluded.Infections: Infections, including serious infections, have been reported in patients receiving filgotinib. The most frequent serious infection reported with filgotinib was pneumonia. Among opportunistic infections, TB, oesophageal candidiasis, and cryptococcosis were reported with filgotinib.Viral reactivation: Viral reactivation, including cases of herpes virus reactivation (e.g., herpes zoster), were reported in clinical studies. If a patient develops herpes zoster, filgotinib treatment should be temporarily interrupted until the episode resolves. Screening for viral hepatitis and monitoring for reactivation should be performed in accordance with clinical guidelines before starting and during treatment with filgotinib.Malignancy: The risk of malignancies is increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Immunomodulatory medicinal products may increase the risk of malignancies.Fertility: In animal studies, decreased fertility, impaired spermatogenesis, and histopathological effects on male reproductive organs were observed.Vaccinations: Use of live vaccines during, or immediately prior to, filgotinib treatment is not recommended.Lipids: Treatment with filgotinib was associated with dose-dependent increase in lipid parameters, including total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, while low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels were slightly increased.Venous thromboembolism: Consider the risks and benefits prior to treating patients with filgotinib, who may be at increased risk of thrombosis. Promptly evaluate patients with symptoms of thrombosis and treat appropriately.
Filgotin has been administered in clinical studies following single and once daily administration up to 450 mg without dose-limiting toxicity. Adverse reactions were comparable to those seen at lower doses and no specific toxicities were identified. Pharmacokinetic data following a single dose of 100 mg filgotinib in healthy subjects indicate that approximately 50% of the administered dose is eliminated within 24 hours of dosing and 90% of the dose is eliminated within 72 hours. In case of an overdose, it is recommended that a patient be monitored for signs and symptoms of adverse reactions. Treatment of overdose with filgotinib consists of general supportive measures including monitoring of vital signs as well as observation of the clinical status of the patient. It is unknown whether filgotinib can be removed by dialysis.
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-competitive and reversible inhibitor
Do not store above 25°C. Protect from light. Keep out of reach of children.
Elderly-Rheumatoid arthritis: In patients with rheumatoid arthritis aged 65 years of age and older, the recommended dose is 100 mg once daily and may be escalated to 200 mg once daily in case of insufficient disease control. For long term treatment, the lowest effective dose should be used.Ulcerative colitis: In patients with ulcerative colitis aged 65 years of age and older, the recommended dose is 200 mg once daily for the induction treatment and 100 mg once daily for maintenance treatment. In case of flare of the disease, the dose may be escalated to 200 mg once daily.For long term treatment, the lowest effective dose should be used. Filgotin is not recommended in patients aged 75 years and older as there is no data in this population.Renal impairment: No dose adjustment is required in patients with mild renal impairment. A dose of 100 mg of filgotinib once daily is recommended for patients with moderate or severe renal impairment.Hepatic impairment: No dose adjustment is required in patients with mild or moderate hepatic impairment.
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