Nahawu: Tsira da kumburar kalma a Hausa - Makala - Bakandamiya
Nahawu: Tsira da kumburar kalma a Hausa
Posted by Lawi Yusuf Maigidan Sama December 3, 2017 - Filed in Karatu da Bincike - #nahawun hausa #tsirar kalama #kumburar kalma - 14,337 views
Tsira da kumburar kalma na daya daga cikin ilmin ginin kalma, kuma su ne wadanda ake amfani da su wajen samarda wasu sababbin kalmomi domin bunkasa harshe, a bisa wannan ne ake cewa duk wani harshe daba ya iya tsirarwa ko kumbura kalma ta asali ana daukar wannan harshen tamkar mataccen harshe ne. Dubi: Hausa harshe ne ko kabila?
Saboda haka idan ana maganar tsira da kumburar kalma, to tilas ne a danganta su da ilmin gini kalma, wanda kuwa shi wannan ilmin ya danganci abubuwa ne da suka hada da: Saiwar kalma da dafi. To don samun kyakkyawar madogara kan wannan aikin, zan so na bayyana tare da yin sharhi kan wadannan muhimman abubuwan wajen haifar da sabon ma’ana ta kalma.
Dafi: - dafi shi ne irin karin da ake yi wa kalmomi wadda ake hadawa a farko ko a karshe, ko kuma a tsakiyar kalma, domin ya ba da wata ma’ana. Ana yin amfani da karin ne a kalma domin ya kumbura ta, ko kuma a gina wata sabuwar kalma.
Dafi ya rabu kashi uku (3) ne kamar haka:
Dafa-goshi
Dafa-ciki
Dafa-keya
Dafa-goshi:- shi ne abin da ake lika wa saiwar Kalmar, ko kari a farko don a gina kalma. Misali:
Dafa-goshi Saiwa Kalmar
Ba- Gobir Bagobiri
Ba- katsin Bakatsine
Ba- Hausa Bahaushe
Ba- Kano Bakano
Ba- Chamba Bachambe
Ma- Wak Mawaki
Ma- Dink Madinki
Ma- aiki Ma’aiki
Ma- gini Magini
Ma- Saka Masaka
Dafa-ciki:- tsiara ce da ake samu a tsakiyar kalma, wato cikin kalma ko lika wa saiwar kalmar daga ciki don a gina wata kalma. Misali,
Saiwa dafa-ciki
Bawa baiwa
Baki bakake
Fari farare
Garma garemani
Garwa garewani
Gurgu guragu
Kurtu kurata
Kwalba kwalabe
Murfi murafe
Karfe Karafa
Dafa –keya:- tsiara ce da ake samu a karshen kalma domin ya kumburata, ko kuma shi ne abin da ake lika wa saiwar kalmar daga karshe don a gina kalma. Misali:
Saiwa dafa-keya
Aboki abokantaka
Adali adalci
Boka bokanci
Dangi dangantaka
Magaji magajiya
Mugu muguntaa
Mutum mutuntaka
Shekara shekaru
Yaro yara
Yaro yarinya
Mai karatu dubi: Bitar ma'anar kalmar Hausa a karni na 21