Sirrin nasarar Barcelona - BBC News Hausa
Sirrin nasarar Barcelona
https://www.bbc.com/hausa/vert_fut/2015/07/150731_vert_fut_barcelona_success_science
Tsarin 'yan wasan Barcelona na raba kwallo ba-ni-in-bayar ko tiki-taka an ce ya kawo sauyi a wasan kwallon kafa. To amma hakan na nufin an gano sirrin dabararsu ke nan?
A ranar 25 ga watan Oktoba na 2014 Real Madrid za ta kara da Barcelona a wasansu na hamayya da ake wa lakabi da El Classico na farko a wannan kaka ta shekarar ta 2014, wanda wannan wasa shi ne ake kallo a matsayin babbar karawa ta kungiyoyin kwallon kafa a duniya.
To ko a wannan lokaci da ake shirin yin wannan karon-batta Cristiano Ronaldo da sauran 'yan wasan Real Madrid sun san abin da ke gabansu kuwa?
Eh to! Za a ce za sun dan san hakan fiye da a da, albarkacin sanin yadda kai-kawo da zirga-zirga a tsakanin abubuwa ta ke.
Nazari kan dabarun wasan Barcelona ya nuna cewa kungiyar wadda mutane da yawa suke dauka ita ce ta fi kowacce kungiya a shekaru goma baya suna da wani tsari na kansu.
Pablo Rodriguez, darekta a wani kamfanin sadarwa da ke birnin Madrid, mai suna Telefonica shi ya gudanar da binciken da hadin guiwar wasu masanan kwamfuta a Qatar.
Duk da cewa Rodriguez, yana da hulda ta kasuwanci da Barcelona to amma binciken ya fito da wasu abubuwa na ban mamaki.
Image caption Gwanintar su Messi ba ita ce sanadin kaka-gidan Barcelona a kwallon kafa ba
Kamar yawancin manyan kungiyoyin kwallon kafa, Barcelona, ta duba ta ga cewa wasan kwallon kafa yanzu wasa ne na la'akari da lambobi, kamar yadda marubuta Chris Anderson da David Sally suka bayyana a
littafinsu mai suna, Numbers Game. Masu horad da kungiyon kwallon kafa suna dubawa su ga inda za su samu wata dama, da za su fi abokan karawar kungiyarsu yawan wasu abubuwa na wasan, misali yawan rike kwallo, ko yawan kai hari, ko yawan bugun gefe ko wana bangare ya kamata mu rufe wanene zai ba wane kwallo da makamantansu.
Tsarin bayar da kwallo:
Bincike irin wannan da aka yi wa Barcelona, ya wuce tsarin al'ada da aka saba da shi, na hari nawa aka kai raga da kuma kashi nawa cikin dari kungiya kaza ta rike kwallo (possession).
A yanzu masu horad da 'yan wasa abin da suka damu da shi, shi ne tsari da salon yadda wasan yake tafiya.
Yawancin 'yan kallo sun riga sun saba da son ganin zayyana ta yadda wasa yake, kamar taswirar zirga-zirgar kowana dan wasa a fili, inda ya kukkurda a lokacin wasan, ko zanen tafiyar kwallon daga wannan dan wasa zuwa wancan har aka jefa ta a raga.
Daya daga cikin sakamakon irin wannan nazari, shi ne, yana fayyace almara, wato abin da, da mutane suke dauka kamar wani dabo ne, sai su ga yadda yake a zahiri.
Saboda Jose Mourinho, ya san yawan damar da 'yan wasa suke da ita ta cin kwallo daga bugun gefe (corner) ba ta da yawa, shi ya sa, ya ji matukar mamaki lokacin da ya zama kociyan Chelsea, a kan yadda 'yan kallo suke murna sosai idan kungiyarsu ta samu bugun gefe.
Babu wata kungiya da kamfanin Telefonica zai fi so ya yi aiki da ita da ta wuce Barcelona. Kungiyar ta yi suna wajen kawo sauyi a salon kwallon kafa, ba wai saboda gwanintar kwararrun 'yan wasanta kamar Messi da Neymar ba, sai don ta kawo wani sabon tsari a wasan, wanda shi ne mallake kwallo, a hana abokan karawa samunta (possession).
Wanna tsari ana masa lakabi da tiki-taka, wanda kuma ya kunshi wasa da kwallon ko rarraba ta tsakanin 'yan wasan a dan tsukukun wuri, wanda ana kallon hakan a matsayin wata dabara ta kariya a wasa.
Image caption Doke Barcelona ba karamin abin alfahari ba ne
Kungiyar kwallon kasar Spaniya ita ma ta dauki irin wannan tsari na Barcelona, wanda hakan ya kawo dan sauyi a wasan kwallon, daga wasan da ake ta kokarin kai hare-hare da dabaru domin a samu a ci kwallon da za a samu nasara.
Yanzu wasan ya fi zama na juriya da hakuri da kauce wa kura-kurai kuma ka tabbatar ba ka yi rashin nasara ba.
To amma menene bambancin wasan Barcelona na tiki-taka? Wasan kwallon kafa ko da a tsakanin yara da suke yi a cikin tabo ko a titi, an nuna mana muhimmancin ba-ni-in baka (passing).
To shin Barcelona tana yin hakan ne kawai, salonta ne za a ce ya wuce na sauran ko kuma ya abin yake?
Abin da Rodriguez da abokan bincikensa suka dukufa neman sani ke nan.
Mutanen sun yi nazarin wasannin kakar wasa ta 2012-13 na kungiyoyin rukuni na daya na kasashen Spaniya da Italiya da Ingila da Faransa da kuma Jamus, domin su gano wani tsari na daban da kowacce kungiya take bi wajen salon bayar da kwallo tsakanin 'yan wasanta.
Akwai bincike daban-daban da aka yi a baya a kan yadda 'yan wasa suke raba kwallo tsakaninsu, amma wannan ya ba da fifiko ne a kan yadda wasu fitattun 'yan wasa suke raba kwallo tsakaninsu da yawan yadda suke yin hakan.
Wannan tsarin na nazarin salo daban-daban na yadda abubuwa ke gudana har su kai ga aikata wani abu da zai zama ya aikata wani abu na jiki(kungiya) gaba daya, shi ne tsarin da masana kimiyya suka yi amfani da shi a da domin nazarin yadda wasu abubuwan duniya ko halitta ke gudana. Ma'ana daga wannan mataki zuwa wancan har wani babban aiki ya kasance.A wasan kwallo har a kai ga jefa kwallo a raga.
Bayan da masu binciken suka gano salo ko tsarin da 'yan wasan kungiya suke amfani da shi na rarraba kwallo, sai suka duba ko sau nawa 'yan wasan suke amfani da wannan salo nasu na daban, a wana lokaci da wana lokaci kuma suke yin sa. Wanda hakan ya sa su nazarin dubban lokuta na yadda dan wasa yake bayar da kwallo.
Ko da a ido kawai, za ka ga kididdigar Barcelona ta fita daban da ta sauran kungiyoyin Spaniya wato kididdigar alkaluman Barcelona ya fi na sauran.
Misali a ce Barcelona tana yawan amfani da wani salon bayar da kwallo, da a ce mun yi masa lakabi da ABAC (misali Xavi zai ba Messi, sannan Mesi ya mayar wa Xavi, shi kuma ya tura wa Neymar), sannan kuma ba ta amfani sosai da wani salon wanda shi kuma a nan za mu iya yi masa lakabi da ABCD.
Salon Barcelona ya kara fitowa daban da na sauran kungiyoyi lokacin da masu binciken suka hada dukkanin salon da kungiyoyin suke amfani da shi, suka yi nazari a kan sau nawa kungiyoyin suke amfani da wannan salo da wancan salon.
Lokacin da aka hada Barcelona da sauran kungiyoyin Spaniya a binciken kan salon da kowacce take amfani da shi a cikin wadanda suka yi fice, dukkanin kungiyoyin Spaniyan sun kasance ne a rukuni biyu, ma'ana ko dai kungiya ta na amfani da salo na BACD ko BDCA, to amma ita Barcelona kuwa ta kasance ita daya tilo a salonta misali a ce ACDB.
Haka kuma da aka fito daga Spaniya, aka kwatanta salon da wasu kungiyoyin suke amfani da shi kamar su Turin da West Ham da Juventus sai ya kasance ba su samu shiga sosai cikin salon da sauran tarin kungiyoyin Spaniya suka kasance a ciki ba, ballantana ma a ce sun zama cikin irin salon da Barcelona take ciki ba.
Wannan na nufin ke nan a cikin Spaniya Barcelona salonta daban ne, haka ma a cikin Turai ta fita daban.
Maganar a nan ita ce ko wannan bambanci, shi ne sirrin nasarar Barcelona?
Babbar tambaya a nan ita ce ko Real Madrid za ta lalubo wata dabarar da za ta kawar da wannan sirri ko tsari na Barcerlona.
Bincike ko warware salon da kungiya take amfani da shi domin gano lagonta ko hanyar murkushe ta, shi ne babban kalubalen da har yanzu ba a iya yin nasara a kai ba, a fagen kwallon kafa.
Kamar yadda Anderson da Sally suka rubuta: ''Bayanan (da aka tattara) ba za su iya yin aikin kociyan ba.'' Abu ne da mutum ba zai iya daina tunanin yadda wannan siddabaru yake ba, akalla dai zuwa wani lokaci nan gaba.
Idan kana son karanta wannan a harshen Ingilishi latsa nan FC Barcelona: the science behind their success