bandatheouts
Dalilai na sadarwa ne, a cikin bayanin ka'idar da m da kuma lissafi Claude Kuma Shannon da sociologist Warren Weaver, (ilmin lissafi The Theory of Communication, Urban: The University of Illinois Press, 1949) da shida abubuwa da shiga a cikin baza da wani sako ko bayani. Su ne: source, watsawa, sigina, noises, tana karɓar kuma adressee. Wannan makirci nan da nan aka mika tare da more abubuwa: emitter, code, saƙo, channel, redundancy, emitted sigina, karbi siginar, halin da ake ciki da kuma mahallin. Shannon ne a lura da cuatificables al'amurran da suka kan aiwatar, alhãli kuwa Warren Weaver kumbura gabas makirci a lokacin da nuna cewa sadarwa matsaloli za a iya bincikar ayyukan da uku matakan: m, na ginin jumla (kira da ma'anar da kuma fassarar saƙon) da kuma pragmatic (a kan sakamakon da sadarwa a cikin hali na mutane. Daga baya, Californian bincike na High School Bar soma mai m matsayi game da wannan model, wanda ya dauki ba iya hada kan duniya hadaddun daga cikin mutum sadarwa, a tsari cika da interactions. Watzlawick, Jackson da Beavin bayyana a 1967 biyar axioms daga cikin mutum sadarwa, da wanda muke nanata: 1) Yana da wuya ba don sadarwa. A cikin 'yan Adam hulda, duk hali na da darajar da sako. Kamar yadda noconducta ba ya zama, muna ko da yaushe sadarwa. 2) Dukkan sadarwa yana da abun ciki matakin (abin da muke ce) da kuma wani da zumunci matakin (ga wanda kuma yadda mu ce da shi). Mu ba kawai ka ruwaito data, kuma mun kafa aboki tare da mu interlocutor. 3) da mutanen amfani sosai da sadarwa digital (bangaren ilimin harsuna alamomin da / ko aka rubuta) kamar analogical daya (nonverbal harshen). A dalilai ko abubuwa da shiga a cikin sadarwa ne, fiye ko žasa, da wadannan su: A source shi ne bayani ko abun ciki a babban ba tare da codifying ga ana ruwaito a cikin sakon. Alal misali, yanayin zafi na weather sakon. A emitter shi ne kashi cewa daukan kuma elaborates da source a cewar wani code to aika da sako sun bada haske ta wajen guda daya. Mutumin daga cikin lokaci, misali. A code shi ne sa na alamu da dokoki na hade da irin wannan hidima to aika da wani bayani, ko source a cewar wani comprehensible ko decodable m tsarin domin emitter da karɓa. Alal misali, tsarin ji na yanayin zafi da muke yi tallafi a wani weather sakon: centigrade, Réaumur sikelin, Fahrenheit ... ko kuma harshen da ake amfani da su a wani weather sako: da Spanish, da Turanci ... Saƙon shi ne bayanin da source riga sun bada haske da kuma kafa ta wurin code: yanayin sako kamar yadda bar emitted. A emitted sigina ne tsanani daga cikin baza sau daya ya fita daga emitter, ko da yaushe mafi tsanani da kasa modified ko dun su hargitsa hujjar fiye da samu siginar. The channel ne talakawan likita, ta hanyar matsayin sakon da aka ruwaito: m tsarin, iska, sama, ruwa ... A amo shi ne duk rabi, qwaqwalwa ne qwarai likita ko, wanda wata hasara ko murdiya a cikin content haddasawa, ko kuma siffofin da saƙo: opacity daga cikin channel, rauni daga cikin sigina, nisa, gajiya daga cikin emitter, mummunan fahimta, ko mallaka na code, shubuha, wani nauyi, janyewar hankali, hauka, Nukurar sauransu ... A redundancy shi ne maimaita maimaitawa bayanai da aka yi a cikin sakon domin cewa, gyare-gyare, hargitsi da kuma asarar da bayanin da sa amo ba sa da wani jirgin da kyau kwarai bayani. A mahallin shi ne sanin jerin lingüísticas yanayi (na baya saƙonni zuwa saƙon, dole sanin presuppositions da bayanai ga intelección da sakon) cewa shi ne suna da sako ga iya iya gane daidai. A halin da ake ciki ne ta jiki, wucin gadi da kuma sarari frame, na extralinguistic yanayi, inda sadarwa tsari ne ɓullo da, da kuma cewa wani lokaci yana da muhimmanci a iya fassara da sako daidai. Da tara ita ce, to da saƙon ke qaddara, sai dai cewa dole ba shi da ya zama kashi cewa deciphers da shi. The tana karɓar shi ne wanda ya karɓa da kuma deciphers zuwa saƙon codified da emitter yin amfani da wannan code sai aka dogara idan watsi manufa.
Kowane aiki tsarin
Wannan kuskure ya bayyana a lokacin da Operating System of kwamfuta ta kasa ta load daga hard drive cikin Random Access Memory. A tsarin aiki shi ne abin da ke sa cikin kwamfuta amsa ga mai amfani hulda da kuma kula da tsarin daban-daban a cikin kwamfuta. Wannan tsarin software bukatar load kanta a cikin memory daga rumbun kwamfutarka kafin ta iya fara aiki. A lokacin da wannan ba ya faru da kyau, cikin kwamfuta nuna da "Kuskure Loading Operating System" saƙo. Akwai iya zama da dama dalilai na tsarin aiki na rashin iyawa ga load kanta a cikin memory. A dalilai na iya zama hardware-related, software-related ko a hade duka. Hardware-related Causes: A m rumbun kwamfutarka zai iya zama tushen wannan matsala. Lokacin da rumbun kwamfutarka malfunctions, da kwamfuta ba su iya karatu da load da tsarin aiki files da kyau a cikin memory. A m na USB a haɗa da rumbun kwamfutarka zuwa ga motherboard kuma iya sa wannan kuskure. Wani lokacin, wani incompatibility tsakanin BIOS na motherboard da kuma tsarin aiki zai iya ba Yunƙurin ga wannan matsalar. Kowane aiki tsarin zo tare da kansa sa na m hardware bukatun. Lokacin da kwamfuta ta hardware ba ya hadu da wannan bukata, da tsarin aiki ta kasa ta aiki yadda ya kamata. A more yan tsarin aiki, na bukatar a daga baya version of the BIOS. A FLASH BIOS za a iya wallafa wa latest version by sauke fayiloli daga yanar-gizo. Software-related Causes: Wannan kuskure kuma iya faruwa a lokacin da wasu m fayiloli a cikin tsarin aiki samun gurbace ko share. Cin hanci da rashawa na fayiloli iya faruwa saboda cutar aiki, rashin iya tabbatarwa da software, mai haɗari shafewa na fayiloli ko lahani a wani rabo daga cikin rumbun kwamfutarka. Tun da akwai da dama haddasawa domin wannan kuskure, kuma kowane dalili yana bukatar daban-daban yanayin da tarbiyyar, da kuskure za a iya gãfarta ne kawai a lokacin da ta yi wa ana kamu da kyau.
haka umurnin
Kuskure 1721 ne mai Microsoft kuskure da aka wani lokaci generated a lõkacin da ka yi ƙoƙarin yin amfani da wani executable fayil da ake kira tari Administrator. A general text of Kuskuren 1721 ne kamar haka: "bai isa albarkatun suna samuwa don kammala wannan aiki." Ta yaya Shin, The Matsala faruwa? A lokacin da ka yi amfani da tari Administrator to connect to a tari, wani kuskure zai faru ne idan dace sigogi aka ba a kayyade ba. Daya zai yiwu dalilin da kuskure ita ce, ka ba su shigar da siga da kwaso alamomi, don haka umurnin ba za a iya karanta a matsayin cikakken magana ga search. Wannan halitta matsala tare da samuwa IP mashigai da za a yi amfani da su kafa sadarwa ta wurin m hanya kira, musamman idan akwai kasa da wani mutum ɗari mashigai samuwa ga aiwatar da sadarwa kwarara. Tare da gazawar to al'amuranda da bukatar yin amfani da kwaso alamomi, akwai iya zama wani laifi a kan samuwa tashar jiragen ruwa jeri a lõkacin da shirin da aka asali shigar. Ta Yaya zan gyara da Matsala? Wuri guda don duba ga ƙuntatawa akan available mashigai da yake a cikin MSMQ, ko Microsoft Message Queuing. Akwai iya zama mai bukatar la'akari da cewa wasu ayyuka yin amfani da DCOM mashigai da zai hana da ikon yin amfani da m yawan mashigai. Domin ya gyara halin da ake ciki, za a yi bukatar gyara da rajista. Microsoft na samar da mataki zuwa mataki hanyoyin to cim ma da gyare-gyare. Abu daya to ka tuna shi ne cewa reconfiguring wani rajista na iya zama wata tricky aiki. Fi dacewa, mutane da suke da kyau versed a kwamfuta sanyi ya kamata kula da gyaggyarawa da rajista. Yin kuskure a cikin gyare-gyare zai iya haifar da wasu al'amurran da suka shafi da zai bukaci a sana'a don warware. Ajiye lokaci da damuwa, da kuma samun wata gwani su na yin zama dole canje-canje zuwa wurin yin rajista.
nda shugaban c
A kananan rubutu na tushen ko graphics na tushen hoto ko icon amfani da sako domin ya kai wani emoshen da aka sani a matsayin "alamar fuskar da suke". Emoticons sun a Vogue tun zamanin da Morse code. Back to,, an yi amfani da more a matsayin code maimakon a wanda aka zana alama. Sai kawai mutane saba da code iya fassara da su. Emoticons sami shahararsa a tsakiyar karni na karshe. A lokacin tsakiyar seventies, sun kasance rare a tsakanin masu amfani da tsarin Plato. By karshen cewa shekaru goma, wadannan alamomin fara bayyana a kan yanar-gizo. Kamar su a baya cutarwa, wadannan alamomin wakilta wani ma'anar da suka kasa wanda aka zana a yanayi. Scott Fahlman ne mai kirkiro na asali ascii Smiley Emoticons: -) da kuma: - (Wadannan alamomin da za a kyan gani, ta karkatar wadanda shugaban casa'in digiri a hannun hagu. Da ciwon wakiltar idanu, da jan layi wakiltar hanci da Katakon wakilci baki. A babbar yawan bambancin da aka ɓullo da su wakilci a dubun of motsin zuciyarmu. Alal misali,. -) Kwatanta a ƙyiftawar ido,: - D wakiltar wani m pupuk merk hantu hormon herbal hayati zpt asli hewan ikan gaharu durian coklat termurah gwalo.: - Ya na nuna wani mai mamaki fuska, da sauransu. Tun da yammacin rubutu da aka karanta daga hagu zuwa dama, dukan waɗannan Emoticons suna tilted zuwa hagu. Wasu masu amfani daga Asia ɓullo da jerin Emoticons cewa za a iya kyan gani, madaidaiciya. Wadannan yi amfani da biyu daga Katakon to fayyace fuskar, da ta nuna ga bakin da biyu daga asterisks ga idanu kamar wannan (* _ *) Mafi yawa daga cikin motsin zuciyarmu a cikin wannan irin Emoticons aka bayyana a cikin idanu, alhãli kuwa yammacin Emoticons amfani da baki kuma domin da wannan manufa. Tun da isowa daga cikin wanda aka zana mai amfani neman karamin aiki kamar Windows, cikin Emoticons an maye gurbinsu cute pictures cewa bayana labarun guda emoshen. Nan take Manzanni da forums ta atomatik nuna maka wadannan gumaka a lõkacin da suka haɗu da wani hali kirtani da nuna wani alamar fuskar da suke.