?menene fasarar suratul kausar
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Suratu kausar sura ce da take da ayoyi guda uku, abin da yafi shahara gun malamai shi ne an sauke ta a garin makka; sannan dalilin saukar ta shine yayewa manzon rahama damuwar da yake ciki sakamakon wauta da gorin da wasu cikin kuraishawa sukai masa na cewa shi bai da magaji bai da baya shi mai yankakken baya ne, hakika malaman tafsiri sun fassara Kalmar kausar da tafsirai daban daban wanda abin da ya bayyana daga cikin tafsiran shine kasantuwa kausar da ma'anar mafi dacewar zuriya, dalili kan haka shi ne aya ta uku ta ambaci makiyansa da cewa sune masu yankakken baya marasa zuriya da magada, ubangiji madaukaki ya sanya ladan kyautar da yayiwa manzon rahama da yin sallah da kuma soke rakumi kamar yadda ya ambata cikin aya ta biyu a cikin surar.
Minene fassarar suratul kausar
Da sunasa madaukaki
Mabudin kalmomi: kausar+ alheri mai tarin yawa + tsatso+ zuriya+yankakke + tafsirin suratu kausar.
Jigo: tafsirin suratu kausar.
Tambayoyi da suke dangantaka da juna.
Tambayar atakaice: shin zai yiwu ai mana bayanin tafsirin suratu kausar?
Lamabar tambaya yaya tafsir din suratu kausar yake?
Takaitacciyar amsa:
AMSA FILLA FILLA:
Suratu kausar surface da ke tattare da ayoyi guda uku sannan kuma a garin makka a ka saukar da ita[1] sai dai cewa akwai zato da ake cewa a birnin madina aka saukar da ita sannan kuma akwai ma zato cewa ita suarar sau biyu aka saukar da ita an sauketa a madina an kuma sauketa a makka, sai dai cewa riwayar da ta yi bayanin sha'anin saukar surar tana goyon baya da karfafa mafi shaharar ra'ayi cikin biyun.[2]
Gameda dalilin saukar wannan sura malamai sunce: dalili shi ne asi ibn wa'ilu wanda ya kasance daga manyan shugabannin mushrikai ya hadu da manzon Allah(saw) yayin da yake fitowa daga masallaci ya dan dau lokaci yana tattaunawa da manzon Allah(saw) akwai wasu jama'a daga manyan kuraishawa dake zaune a masallaci a dadidai wannan lokaci to sai ya kasance sun hango wannan ganawa da ta ke kasancewa tsakanin manzon Allah (saw) da asi ibn wa'ilu lokacin da asi ibn wa'ilu ya shigo masallaci sai suka da wa ka tattauna sai yace: da wancan mara diyan mai yankakken baya[3](larabawa suna kiran mutumin da bai da diya da sunan mai yankakken baya) daga wannan kuraishawa bayan mutuwar dan manzon Allah(saw) sai suka dinga kiran manzon Allah (saw) mara da mai yankakken baya, sai Allah ya saukar masa da surar kausar wacce ta ke masa bushara da alheri mai tarin yawa sannan kuma ubangiji ya ambaci makiyansa da cewa sune masu yankakken baya marasa magada.[4]
Dukkanin kalaman da suka zo cikin wannan sura mai albarka sun karkata ne ga annabin rahama[5] daya daga cikin muhimmiyar manufar wannan sura shi ne yayewa manzon Allah(saw) damuwar da yake ciki daga miyagun kalaman makiyansa mushrikan kuraishawa.
«إِنَّا أَعْطَيْناكَ الْكَوْثَرَ».
Kausar siffa ce wacce aka tsagota daga Kalmar kasaratu ma'ana abu mai yawa ma'ana abu mai yawan alheri da albarka[6]
Sakamakon rashin matsaya guda wurin malaman tafsiri kan ma'anar Kalmar kausar, sai dai cewa ya zo cikin riwaya cewa yayin da wannan sura ta sauka manzon Allah(saw) ya hau saman mimbari ya karanta wannan sura ta kausar sai sahabbai suka tambayae shi wanne alheri mai tarin yawa da Allah yayi maka kyautarsa? Sai yace wata orama ce a cikin aljanna wacce farinta yafi na nono kindirmo yafi daidaiton tsayuwa daga kofin tangaran da aka kewaye geffansa da yaqutu da lu'lu'u.[7]
An karbo daga imam sadik (as) cewa kausar wata korama ce cikin aljanna wadda Allah madaukaki ya baiwa manzon Allah(saw) mayin dansa abdullahi da yayi wafati ya bar duniya.[8]
Wasu sashe sunce ma'ana kausar shine dai wannan tafkin na kausarada aka baiwa annabi(saw) wanda mumini yayin shigarsu aljanna zasu tsaya su sha daga wannan tafkin na kausara.[9]
Wasu kuma sun fassara kausara da annabta, wasu sashen kuma sun fassara da `ya`ya da zuriya wadanda dukkaninsu daga zuriyar diyarsa Fatima (as) suka bubbuga suka samu , wasu kuma sun fassara ta da ceto.[10] Idan muka tattara tafsiran zasu kai guda 26 wanda kowannensu ya fassara kausar da ma'ana mabanbanciya[11] daga ragowar amma mafi bayyana da dacewa cikin tafsiran shi ne wanda ya tafi kan kasantuwar kausar da ma'anar alheri mai tarin yawa.[12]
A kowanne hali kasancewar ayar da ta zo a karshen sura ta kausar it ace fadin(makiyinka shi ne mai yankakken baya mara zuriya) da kuma kasantuwar ambaton Kalmar abtar a cikin jumlar wanda a ina ilimin balaga ake kiran irin wannan jumla da kasru kalbi[13] to da wannan ne zamu fuskanci cewa ita kausar na nanufin zuriya mara yankewa wacce Allah ya ni'imta manzonsa da ita, ko kuma dai mu fassara ta da ma'anar alheri mai tarin yawa duk biyun na dacewa da zahirin ma'anar ayar, sannan da ace kausar bai yiwuwa a fassara da ma'anar zuriya fassara mai cin gashinta ko kuma jinginanna to harafin(inna) da ya zo a farkon ayar karshe zai wayi gari bai da wata ma'ana, domin shi harafi (inna) bayan tahkiki da yaake yi to yana kasancewa sababi domin menene ma'anar fadin Allah: mun baka tafkin kausara saboda makiyinka shi ne mai yankakken baya mara zuriya.
Akwai riwayoyimasu tarin yawa da suke bayani kan saukar surar kausar da kasantuwarta amsa ga wadanda suka bakantawa manzon Allah(saw) sakamakon mutuwar `ya`yansa Abdullah da kasim.[14]
Kayi sallah ka soke rakumi) zahiri cikin kasantuwa zuwan harafin fa'u na bayyana cewa yin sallah da hadayar abin yanka ya samo reshene daga kyautar da Allah yayiwa manzonsa da kausara, a babin godiya ga ni'ima da aka ni'imta da ita.
Sannan Kalmar shani'aka[15] nada ma'anar makiyi mai tsanani fushin kiyayya, ita kuma Kalmar abtar tanada ma'anar mara jela mai yankakken baya, ba wani bane yayi amfani da wannan mummuna kalma ta cin fuskar manzon rahama da ya wuce asi ibn wa'ilu.
[1] Dabarasi falalu ibn hassan mawallafin littafin majma'ul bayan fi tafsir kur'an juz 10 sh 835.nasir kosro. Tafsirul mizan allama taba'taba' sayyid Muhammad husaini juz 20 sh 369 mudabba'ar daftarul intisharatil islamiya qum shekara 1417 qamariyya
[2] Tafsirul amsal wallafar ayatullahi al'uzma nasiru mukarimul shirazi juz 27 sh 367 mudabba'ar darul kutubul islamiyya Tehran shekara 1374 hijira shamsiyya
[3] Tajul arus min jawahirul qamus wallafar wasidi zubaidi muhibbu dini wanda yayi gyara ciki yayi tahkiki shi ne shiru aliyu juz 6 sh 44 bugun darul fikiri bairut bugun farko sh 836
[4] Sh 836 Majma'ul bayan fi tafsirul kur'an juz 10
[6] Kamusul kur'an sayyid ali karashi juz 12 sh 54 mabugar darul kutubul islamiyya tehranshekara 1374 hijira shamsiyya. Tajul arus juz 7 sh436
[7] Tafsirul majma'il bayan juz 10 sh 836(ibn abbas yana cewa yayin da wannan sura ta sauka manzon Allah(saw) ya hau kan mimbari sai ya karantawa mutane ita yayinda ya sauko daga kan mimibari sai suka ce masa meye wannan abu da ubangiji yayi maka kyautarsa ? sai yace wata korama ce a aljanna da ta fi nono fari tafi kofin tangaran daidaitar tsayuwa wanda ak keawye geffansa da yakutu da lu'ulu'u.
[8] An rawaito daga baban Abdullah(as) cewa kausar wata korama ce da aka baiwa manzon(saw) mayin dansa.
[11] Almizan fi tafsirul kur'an juz 20 sh 370
[12] Amsal juz 27 sh 371 wallafar ayatullahi al'uzma nasir mukarimul shirazi tafsirul
[13] Wannan wani isdilahi ne na balaga da yake mayar da Magana kan wanda ya fara fadinta da farko ma'ana su makiya manzon Allah da suke masa lakabi da mai yankakken baya to sune ainahin masu yankakken baya marasa zuriya
[14] Almizan fi tafsirul kur'an juz 20 sh 371
Tarihi: [2017/5/23] Ziyara: [2736]
RIWAYAR DA TAKE BAYANIN GIRMAMAR DUK YARINYAR DA TAKE DA SUNA FATIMA DA HANA DUKANTA DA YI MATA FADA SHIN TA HADO SAURAN SUNANNAKIN FATIMA