Mene ne Akwatin Alkawari?
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Akwatin alkawari wani akwati ne mai tsarki da Isra’ilawa na dā suka kera bisa ga umurnin da Allah ya ba su. A cikin wannan akwatin alkawarin ne aka ajiye “shaida” wato Dokoki Goma da aka rubuta a kan allunan dutse.—Fitowa 25:​8-10, 16; 31:⁠18.
Kerawa. Tsawon akwatin kamu biyu da rabi ne, fadinsa kamu daya da rabi, kuma tsayinsa kamu daya da rabi ne. An yi amfani da itacen maje sa’ad da ake kera akwatin kuma an rufe shi da zinariya ciki da waje. Kari ga haka, an yi wa gefe-gefensa adon zinariya. An yi murfin akwatin da zinariya kuma aka kera siffofin kerubobi guda biyu da zinariya, kowane daya a gefe guda. Sun fuskanci juna suna duban murfin, fikafikansu kuma sun mike su inuwantar da murfin. Akwatin yana da zobe na zinariya guda hudu da aka yi don kafafunsa. An rufe sandunan da aka yi da itacen maje da zinariya kuma an saka su a cikin zoben don a iya daukan Akwatin.—Fitowa 25:10-21; 37:6-9.
Wurin ajiyewa. Da farko ana ajiye Akwatin ne a wuri Mafi Tsarki na mazauni, wato haikali da aka kera lokacin da aka yi Akwatin. Kari ga haka, za a iya kai wannan haikalin zuwa wani wuri. Firistoci da kuma sauran mutane ba sa shiga wuri Mafi Tsarki. (Fitowa 40:​3, 21) Babban firist ne kawai zai iya shiga wannan wurin sau daya kowace shekara a Ranar Kafara don ya ga Akwatin. (Levitikus 16:2; Ibraniyawa 9:⁠7)Daga baya an kai akwatin zuwa wuri Mafi Tsarki haikalin Sulemanu.—1 Sarakuna 6:14, 19.
Manufa. An saka kayan tarihi masu tsarki a cikin akwatin da zai rika tuna wa Isra’ilawa alkawari ko kuma yarjejeniya da Allah ya yi da su a Dutsen Sinai. Kari ga haka, ana yin amfani da shi a bikin Ranar Kafara.​—⁠Levitikus 16:​3, 13-17.
Abin da ke ciki. Abu na farko da aka saka a cikin Akwatin, shi ne allunan dutse da ke dauke da Dokoki Goma. (Fitowa 40:20) Daga baya, an saka tulu na zinariya da manna a ciki, da “sandar Haruna wanda ta yi toho.” (Ibraniyawa 9:4; Fitowa 16:​33, 34; Littafin Lissafi 17:10) Babu shakka, daga baya an cire tulun da kuma sandar daga cikin akwatin don ba sa cikin Akwatin sa’ad da aka kai shi haikalin.—1 Sarakuna 8:9.
Yadda ake kai shi wani wuri. Ya kamata Lawiyawa su yi amfani da sandunan itacen maje su dauki Akwatin a kan kafadunsu. (Littafin Lissafi 7:9; 1 Labarbaru 15:15) Ba a cire sandunan daga jikin Akwatin don kada Lawiyawa su taba da hannunsu. (Fitowa 25:​12-16) Kari ga haka, ana yin amfani da “zannuwan makāri” da ya raba wuri Mai Tsarki da Mafi Tsarki don su rufe Akwatin sa’ad da suka dauke shi.—Littafin Lissafi 4:5, 6. *
Abin da yake nufi. Akwatin yana nuna cewa Allah yana tsakaninsu. Alal misali, girgijen da yake saukowa a kan Akwatin sa’ad da yake wuri Mafi Tsarki da kuma sa’ad da Isra’ilawa suka kafa sansaninsu ya nuna cewa Jehobah yana tare da su kuma yana yi musu albarka. (Levitikus 16:2; Littafin Lissafi 10:33-36) Ban da haka ma, Littafi Mai Tsarki ya ce Jehobah yana “zaune tsakanin cherubim” wato siffofin kerubobi guda biyu da ke kan murfin akwatin. (1 Sama’ila 4:4; Zabura 80:1) Don haka, wadannan kerubobin suna wakiltar “karusa” na Jehobah. (1 Labarbaru 28:18) Saboda abin da Akwatin yake wakilta, da aka kai shi Urushalima, Sarki Dauda ya rubuta cewa Jehobah yana “zaune cikin Sihiyona.”—Zabura 9:11.
Sunayensa. A Littafi Mai Tsarki an yi amfani da sunaye kamar “sandukin shaida” “sanduki na alkawari” “sandukin Ubangiji” ‘sanduƙin ƙarfin’ Jehobah.—Littafin Lissafi 7:89; Joshua 3:​6, 13; 2 Labarbaru 6:⁠41.
Ana kiran murfin Akwatin, “mazaunin jin ƙai.” (1 Labarbaru 28:11) Ana kiransa haka don aiki na musamman da murfin yake yi a Ranar Kafara. A ranar, babban firist yana yayyafa jini dabbobin hadaya a bisa da kuma a gaban murfin. Babban firist yakan yi wannan hadayar sulhu “domin kansa, da iyalinsa, da dukan taron jama’ar Isra’ila” ne.—Levitikus 16:14-17.
Shin har ila akwai akwatin alkawarin?
Babu tabbacin cewa har yanzu yana nan. Littafi Mai Tsarki ya bayyana mana cewa ba ma bukatar akwatin alkawari kuma, saboda “Sabon alkawari” da aka yi bisa ga hadayar da Yesu ya yi ya dauki matsayinsa. (Irmiya 31:​31-33; Ibraniyawa 8:13; 12:24) Kari ga haka, Littafi Mai Tsarki ya annabta cewa lokaci yana zuwa da ba za a kara amfani da akwatin alkawari ba, amma mutanen Allah ba za su bukace shi ba.—Irmiya 3:16.
A wani wahayi da aka nuna wa manzo Yohanna bayan an kafa sabon alkawarin, ya ga akwatin alkawari a sama. (Ru’ya ta Yohanna 11:​15, 19) Wannan Akwatin na alama yana nuna cewa Allah yana tare da su kuma ya amince da sabon alkawari.
Shin Akwatin Alkawari na tsafi ne?
A’a, kasancewa da akwatin ba ya nufin cewa mutum zai yi nasara. Alal misali, Isra’ilawa suna tare da Akwatin sa’ad da suka kai wa birnin Ai hari, duk da haka, ba su yi nasara a yakin ba don wani a cikinsu ya yi rashin aminci. (Joshua 7:1-6) Bayan haka ma, ba su yi nasara sa’ad da suka yi yaki da Filistiyawa ba duk da cewa sun dauki akwatin. An ci su a wannan yakin saboda Hophni da Phinehas wadanda firistoci ne sun taka dokar Jehobah. (1 Sama’ila 2:12; 4:​1-11) Filistiyawan sun kwace Akwatin daga wurin Isra’ilawa a wannan yakin amma Allah ya buge su da annoba har suka mayar wa Isra’ilawa akwatin.—1 Sama’ila 5:11–6:5.
Tarihin akwatin alkawari
Shekara (K.H.Y)
Bezalel da mataimakansa sun yi amfani da gudummawar da Isra’ilawa suka bayar don su kera akwatin.—Fitowa 25:​1, 2; 37:⁠1.
Musa ya kebe akwatin da mazauni da kuma tsarin firistoci.—Fitowa 40:1-3, 9, 20, 21.
1512—bayan shekara ta 1070
An kai shi wurare dabam-dabam.—Joshua 18:1; Alkalawa 20:​26, 27; 1 Sama’ila 1:24; 3:3; 6:​11-14; 7:​1, 2.
Bayan shekara ta 1070
Sarki Dauda ya dawo da akwatin zuwa Urushalima.—2 Sama’ila 6:⁠12.
An kai akwatin zuwa haikalin da Sulemanu ya gina.—1 Sarakuna 8:​1, 6.
Sarki Josiah ya mai da akwatin zuwa haikali.—2 Labarbaru 35:⁠3. *
Kafin 607
An dauke daga haikali. Ba a ambata akwatin ba a cikin kayakin da aka kai Babila sa’ad da aka halaka haikalin a shekara ta 607 kafin haihuwar Yesu ba, ko kuma bayan da aka dawo da kayayyakin zuwa Urushalima.—2 Sarakuna 25:13-17;Ezra 1:7-11.63.
Janar Pompey na Roma ya sanar cewa akwatin ya bata sa’ad da ya ci Urushalima da yaki kuma ya yi bincike a wuri Mafi Tsarki na haikalin. *
^ sakin layi na 8 Allah yana horar da Isra’ilawa idan suka ki yin biyayya ga umurninsa na dauka da kuma rufe Akwatin.—1 Sama’ila 6:19; 2 Sama’ila 6:​2-7.
^ sakin layi na 31 Littafi Mai Tsarki bai fada sa’ad da ko dalilin ko kuma wanda ya cire akwatin ba.
^ sakin layi na 35 Ka duba littafin nan The Histories, Littafi na biyar da Tacitus ya rubuta, sakin layi na 9.
Akwatin Alkawari