Matsalar wutan lantarki a Najeriya - BBC Hausa
Matsalar wutan lantarki a Najeriya
http://www.bbc.com/hausa/news/2010/09/100921_electricity_nigeria50
Image caption Rashin wutan lantarki ya sa masana'antu da dama sun durkushe a Najeriya
Samun tsayayyar wutar lantarki shi ne kashin bayan ci gaban tattalin arzukin kowace kasa, akasin hakan kuwa shi ke kawo tafiyar hawainiyar tattalin arzikinta.
Tun a shekarar 1896 ne aka fara kawo wutar lantarki a Najeriya, wato shekaru 15 bayan da aka fara samar da wutar lantarkin a Ingila.
A wancan lokacin ana amfani da injinnan janareta mai karfin kilowatz 60 kawai a Najeriya.
A shekarar 1946 gwamnatin mulkin mallaka a Najeriya ta kafa hukumar sa ido kan samar da wutar lantarki a jahar Lagas.
Kuma a shekarar 1950 ne aka kafa hukumar samarda wutar lantarki ga kasar baki daya wato Electricity Corporation of Nageria ECN, wannan ya nuna kenan shekaru da dama kafin Najeriya ta samu 'yancin kanta a shekaru 50 din da suka wuce, kasar ke amfani da wutar lantarki, ko da yake yawan wadda ake amfani da ita ya zuwa wancan lokacin bata kama kafar wadda ake bukata shekaru bayan samun 'yancin kai ba.
Tun daga shekarun 1970 Najeriya ta fara samarwa makwabciyarta kasar Nijar wutar lantarki.
An kafa hukumar samar da wutar lantarki ta kasa wato NEPA a shekarar 1972 domin sa ido kan yadda ake rarraba wutar lantarki a duk fadin kasar, da kuma kudaden da ake samarwa ta hanyar wutar lantarkin.
Kuma tun bayan da aka kafa hukumar shekaru sama da talatin din da suka wuce mahukuntan kasar ke cewa suna aiki kan yadda za'a samar da isashiyar wutar lantarki a duk fadin kasar, yayin da bukatar wutar ke karuwa, a kasar da a yanzu haka al'ummarta ta haura miliyan 140.
Sai dai kuma duk da arzikin makamashi da albarkatun kasar da Najeriya ke da su, a madadin a samu ci gaba sai dai a kullum kara cibaya ake, inda kawo wannan lokaci yawancin 'yan Najeriya basa samun wutar lantarkin, kuma wadanda ke samun ma ba ko yaushe ne ake basu wutar ba.
Rashin wutar lantarki
Rashin wutar lantarki a Najeriya a iya cewa na daga cikin manyan abubuwan da suka karya lagwan tattalin arzikinta, musamman ma ta bangaren masana'antu.
Wani rahoto da babbar hukumar leken asiri ta Amurka ta fitar a shekara ta 2009 kan wutar lantarkin da kowace kasa ke samarwa jama'arta ya nuna cewa Najeriya ce kasa ta 178 a duniya, inda mutum daya ke shan wutar lantarki 106.21 kW cikin awa daya, don haka tana can bayan kasashen Afirka ta Kudu, Libya, Iraqi, Gabon, Ghana, Kamaru da Kenya, lamarin da masu lura da al'amura ke ganin abin damuwa ne matuka, musamman ga kasar da take kokarin shiga jerin kasashe 20 dake da karfin masana'antu.
Babbar matsalar da fannin wutar lantarki ke fuskanta a Najeriya sun hada da yadda ake samar da wutar da kuma yadda ake rarrabata ga jama'a.
Domin shawo kan ire-iren wadannan matsaloli da ke hana ruwa gudu ta fuskar wutar lantarki a Najeriya, gwamnatin ta bullo da wani shirin yiwa hukumar NEPA garambawu, inda a shekara ta 2000 ta rarraba ayyukan hukumar zuwa kamfanoni 7 da nufin saka 'yan kasuwa cikin harkar, musamman wajen samar da wutar da kuma rarrabata a kasar.
Tun a shekara ta 2004 wannan shirin ya fara aiki lokacin da aka kafa sabuwar hukumar samar da wutar lantarki ta kasa wato PHCN da nufin kawo karshen matsalar karancin wutar lantarki a kasar.
Sai dai kuma shekaru 6 da kafa wannan hukuma har yanzu bata sauya zani ba imma banda ace kara tabarbarewa lamarin ya yi, domin kuwa ya zuwa shekara ta 2009 Najeriya na samar da kimanin mega watt 3000 ne kawai ga jama'ar kasar.
Gwamnatin da ta wuce ta giggina tashoshin wutar lantarki a wurare da dama a kasar, sai dai kuma karancin iskar gas ya kasance wata babbar matsalar da ake fuskanta wajen samar da isashshiyar wutar lantarki a Najeriya.
Gwamnatin marigayi Alhaji Umaru Musa 'Yar Adua ta yi alkawarin kara yawan mega watt din zuwa 6000 zuwa karashen shekara ta 2009, sai dai kuma hare haren da masu fafutuka a yankin Niger Delta ke kaiwa a wuraren da injinan dake samar da wutar suke tare da fasa bututun iskar gas, sun hana gwamnatin cimma wannan buri.
Bayan rasuwarsa a yanzu, gwamnatin karkashin shugabancin Dr. Goodluck Jonathan ta sake fidda wani sabon shirin samar da mega watt 6000 nan da watan Disembar shekara ta 2010, wato wannan shekarar, kuma sabon shirin ya hada da shigo da manyan kamfanonin man fetur dake kasar ciki harda kamfanin man fetur na kasa wato NNPC, domin su dafawa gwamnati wajen cimma wannan buri nan da lokacin da ta diba.
Kwararru a fannin samar da wutar lantarki sun yi amannar muddin ba'a samar da isashshiyar iskar gas ba to kuwa zai yi wuya a samu karin yawan wutar lantarki da ake samu a kasar.
Halin karanci ko rashin wutar lantarkin da ake fama da ita birni da kauye, ya jefa jama'a da dama a Najeriya cikin halin kaka nikayi musamman masu karamin karfi wadanda ke neman kwabo da dari da ake bari da zabin sayen injin janareto da kuma man fetur din da za su yi amfani da shi.
A halin da ake ciki na matsalar rashin wutar lantarki a Najeriya, fatan kowane dan kasar shi ne na ganin ranar da gwamnati zata ciki alkawarin da take dauka na samar da wutar kamar yadda ake samu shekaru sama da 50 da suka wuce.