Haila Da Jinin Cuta Da Na Biqi | jinin cuta| yadda ake wankan haila Tsarki| fikihun ibada cikin hotuna
Bayanin menene haila
Kalmar (Haila) a larabci
Tana nufin Kwararar wani abu da gudanar shi
Ma’anar (Haila) a shari’a
Wani jini ne da yake fita daga mahaifar mace, a wasu lokuta sanannu, ba tare da wani dalili ba.
Siffar Yadda Jinin Haila Yake
Baqi ne wuluk, kamar wanda aka qona, warinsa bai da daxi, mace tana jin xumi mai tsanani idan ya zo.
Shekarun Fara Jinin Haila
Babu wasu shekaru qayyadaddu na fara al’ada, wannan ya danganta ne da savanin xabi’ar mace da inda take rayuwa da yanayin wajen, don haka duk lokacin da mace ta ga jinin haila to haila ce.
Tsawon Lokacin Haila
Haila ba ta da wani lokaci, sananne, cikin mata akwai masu yin kwana uku, akwai masu kwana huxu.
Galibin haila dai kwana shida ne ko bakwai, saboda faxin Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ga Hamnatu ‘yar Jahshin – wanda ta kasance tana yin haila kwanaki masu yawa – “Ki yi haila kwana shida, ko bakwai, da ilimin Allah, sannan ki yi wanka” [Abu Dawud ne ya rawaito shi]
Mas'aloli
1 - A qa'ida mai ciki ba ta yin haila, idan kuwa ta ga jini kafin haihuwarta da kwanaki kaxan, tare naquda, to wannan jinin biqi ne.
Idan kuwa ba naquda, ko kuma ta gan shi kafin haihuwa da kwanaki da yawa, to wannan jinin haila ne.
2 - Idan jinin haila ya zo da wuri ko ya yi jinkiri ga lokacinsa da ya saba a zuwa cikinsa, kamar ya zama mace tana yin al’ada a farkon wata, sai ta gan shi a qarshen wata, ko kuma ya qaru ko ya ragu a kan yadda ya saba, kamar al’adarta ta kwana shida ce, sai ta yi bakwai, to kada mace ta damu da wannan, duk lokacin da ta ga jini, to haila ne, idan kuma ta ga tsarki, to tsarkin ne.
3 - Ana gane mace ta tsarkaka idan wani ruwa fari ya fito, lokacin da jinin ya tsaya, idan kuwa bai fito ba, to alamar tsarkinta shi ne bushewar gabanta, kamar ta sanya auduga fara a gabanta, ta fitar da ita ba ta ga komai ba.
Wasu Daga Hukunce-Hukuncen Haila
1 – Hukuncin "Al-Kudrah" da "As-Sufrah"
Abin da ake nufi da "Al-Kudrah" da "As-Sufrah"
As-Sufrah :
Wani jini ne fatsi–fatsi da yake fita daga mace.
Al-Kudrah :
Wani jini ne da yake haxe fatsi-fatsi da baqi
Hukuncin Alkudra da As-Sufrah
Idan mace ta ga jini fatsi-fatsi ko wanda yake haxe da fatsi-fatsi da baqi, ko kuma ta ga danshi a gabanta, to xayan hali biyu take ciki :
1 - Ko Dai Ta Ga Wannan Jini A Lokacin Al’ada, Ko Haxe Da Jinin Kafin Tsarki
To a wannan hali yana da hukuncin haila, saboda hadisin Ai’sha – Allah ya yarda da ita – “ta kasance mata suna aiko mata qunzugu [ Qunzugu : wani abu ne da mace take sa wa a gabanta, don ta gane ko akwai wani abu da ya rage na alamun haila.] xauke da Auduga a jikinsa da jini fatsi-fatsi, sai ta ce da su, “Kada ku yi gaggawa, har sai kun ga tsarki” [ Malik ne ya rawaito shi].
2 - Ko Kuma Ta Gan Shi A Lokacin Tsarkinta :
A wannan hali ba ya nuna komai, wanka ko alwala basu wajaba a kanta ba, saboda hadisin Ummu Axiyya ta ce, “Mun kasance ba ma lissafa fatsi da ke haxe da baqi da kuma fats-fatsi bayan tsarki a matsayin komai” [Abu Dawud ne ya rawaito shi].
Alamar tsarki
Kamannin fatsi-fatsi
Kamannin fatsi-fatsi haxe da baqi
2 – Hukuncin yan yankewar jinin haila
Idan mace ta ga jini yau, gobe kuma ta ga tsarki da makamancin haka, to ba za ta fita daga xayan hali biyu ba :
1 – Kodai Jinin Ya Ci Gaba Da Zuwar Mata A Kowane Lokaci.
To wannan jinin cuta ne (Istihala).
2 – Ya Zama Yana Yankewa
Ya zo wani lokaci, wani lokaci kuma ta samu tsarki, to hukuncinta zai zama kamar haka :
A) Idan yankewar jinin bai kai yini guda ba, to tana cikin haila
B) Idan kuwa a lokacin tsarkin ta ga abin da yake nuna ta tsarkaka, kamar ta ga wani farin ruwa, to a wannan lokacin ta zama mai tsarki, yankewar ta kai yini ko ba ta kai ba.
Jinin Cuta (Istihala)
Bayanin menene jini cuta (Istihala)
Shi ne kwararar jini daga farjin mace, ya zama ba ya yanke mata a har abada, ko kuma yana yanke wa xan lokacin kaxan
Bambanci tsakanin jinin haila da jinin cuta
Jinin Cuta (Istihala) Jinin Haila
Ja maras kauri Baqi mai kauri
Ba ya wari Yana wari
Yana daskarewa Ba ya daskarewa
Yana fitowa ta wata jijiya kusa da mahaifa Yana fitowa ta can qasan mahaifa
Jinin cuta ne da rashin lafiya Ba jinin cuta ba, na xabi’a ne
Bai da wasu lokuta sanannu Yana fita a wasu lokuta sanannu
Halayen Mai Jinin Cuta (Istihala)
Hali Na Farko : Ya Zama Tana Da Al’ada Sananniya Ta Yin Hailarta Tu Gabanin Ta Fara Jinin Cuta.
To mai irin wannan hali za ta qirga kwanakin da ta saba al’adarta, sauran kwanakin kuma ta zama mai jinin cuta, saboda hadisin Aisha – Allah ya yarda da ita- ta ce, Faximatu ‘yar Abu Hubaish – Allah ya yarda da ita – ta cewa Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “Ya Manzon Allah! Ni ba na ganin tsarki, to shin zan bar yin sallah ne? sai Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ya ce mata, “A’a, wannan wata jijiya ce, ki bar salla adadin kwanakin da kike yin al’ada a cikinsu, sannan sai ki yi wanka ki yi sallah” [Bukhari ne ya rawaito shi.].
Hali Na Biyu : Ta Zama Ba Ta Da Wata Al’ada Sananniya, Amma Za Ta Iya Tantance Jinin Al’ada Daga Jinin Cuta
To wannan za ta yi aiki ne da wannan tantancewar, saboda abin da ya tabbata daga Faximatu ‘yar Abi Hubaish – Allah ya yarda da ita – “ta kasance tana fama da jinin cuta, sai Manzon Allah ya ce mata, “Idan dai jinin haila ne to shi baqi ne, ana iya gane shi, don haka idan shi ne, ki bar yin sallah, idan kuwa xayan ne to ki yi alwala, ki yi sallah, wannan jinin daga wata jijiya ce” [Abu Dawud ne ya rawaito shi].
Hali Na Uku : Ya Zama Ba Ta Wata Al’ada Sananniya, Kuma Ba Ta Iya Tantancewa
To wannan za ta yi aiki ne da al’adar galibin mata, sai hailarta ta zama kwana shida ko bakwai a kowane wata, za ta fara lissafi ne daga lokacin da ta fara ganin jini, sauran kwanakin kuwa sun zama na jinin cuta, saboda faxin Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ga Hamnat ‘yar Jahsh – Allah ya yarda da ita – ya ce mata “Ki yi haila kwana shida ko bakwai, da sanin Allah, sannan ki yi wanka, idan kin ga kin tsarkaka, sai ki yi sallar kwana ashirin da uku, ko kwana ishirin da huxu, ki yi azumi, wanna ya isar miki. Haka za ki yi a kowane wata, kamar yadda mata suke al’ada, haka kuma kamar yadda suke tsarkaka, lokacin hailarsu da tsarkinsu” [Abu Dawud ne ya rawaito shi].
Hali Na Huxu : Ya Zama Ta Na Al’ada Sananniya, Kuma Tana Iya Bambance Jinin
To wannan za ta yi lissafi ne da al’adarta ba da bambancin jinin ba, saboda al’ada ta fi zama daidai ga mace. Idan ta manta al’adarta sai ta yi amfani da bambancin jinin.
1- Idan mace ta san lokacin al’adarta, sai dai ta manta adadin kwanakin da take yi, to sai ta yi lissafi da galibin al’adar mata.
2 - Idan mace tana sane da adadin kwanakin al’adarta, amma ta manta lokacin da take hailar, farkon wata ne ko qarshensa? To sai ta yi lissafin adadin kwanakin hailarta a farkon wata, saboda rabin wata shi ne ya fi kusa da daidai lokacinta.
3 - Idan kwanakin al’adarta suka qare, kuma ya zama matar tana jinin cuta, to za ta yi wanka, sannan ta yi qunzugu da wani tsumma. Hukuncinta hukuncin mai tsarki ne, za ta yi sallah, za ta yi azumi, abin da ya xan zubo mata na jini bayan alwala ba zai vata mata alwalar ba, saboda tana da uzuri.
- Wajen tsarkin kuma tana da yanayi uku :
A) Ko dai ta yi alwala duk bayan shigar lokacin sallah, bayan ta wanke gabanta, ta yi qunzugu. Saboda faxin Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ga Faximatu - yar Abu Hubaish - Allah ya yarda da ita-“Ki yi alwala yayin kowace salla, sannan ki yi sallah” [Abu Dawud ne ya rawaito shi].
B) Ko kuma ta jinkirta sallar azzhar zuwa farkon lokacin sallar laasar, sannan sai ta yi wanka, ta yi sallar azzahar da la'asar, haka za ta riqa yi, saboda faxin Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ga Hamnat 'yar Jahsh - Allah ya yarda da ita - “Idan za ki iya jinkirta azzahar ki gaggauta la’asar, to sai ki yi wanka, ki haxa salloli biyu, azzahar da la’asar, ki jinkirta magariba, ki gaggauta isha, sai ki yi wanka ki haxa sallolin guda biyu, idan za ki iya haka to ki yi. Idan za ki iya wanka don sallar asuba to ki yi, ki yi azumi, in kin samu ikon hakan” [Abu Dawud ne ya rawaito shi].
4 - Idan mace ta zubar da jini saboda wani aiki da aka yi mata, to ba ta wuce xayan hali biyu ba :
A) Ko dai ya zama ta san cewa ba jinin cuta ba ne, to wannan hukuncin mai jinin cuta ba zai tabbata a kanta ba, ba za ta qi yin sallah ba, jinin
kuma jinin cuta ne, za ta yi alwala idan za ta yi kowace sallah.
B) Ya zama ta san cewa za ta iya zubar da jinin cuta (Istihala) To wannan tana da hukunce-hukuncen mai jinin cuta.
5 - Ya halatta a sadu da mace mai jinin cuta (Istihala) saboda shari'a ba ta hana ba.
Jinin Biqi
Bayanin me ake nufi da jinin biqi
Jini ne da yake fita daga mahaifar mace saboda haihuwa
Tsawon Lokacin Jinin Biqi
Jinin biqi bai da qarancin lokaci, amma mafi yawan shi kwana arba’in ne, sai dai in mace ta ga tsarki gabanin haka, sai ta yi wanka ta yi sallah
Daga Hukunce-Hukuncen Jinin Biqi
1 - Idan mace ta haihu, amma ba ta ga jini ba, sai dai haka bai cika faruwa ba, to sai ta yi alwala ta yi sallah, ba wanka a kanta.
2 - Idan jinin biqi ya wuce kwana arba’in, kuma ta saba yana yanke mata kafin kwana arba’in xin, ko kuma ta ga alarmar yankewar jinin, to sai ta jira har ya yanke, idan kuwa jinin ya ci gaba, to ta zama mai istihala (jinin cuta), hukunce-hukuncen mai jinin cuta sun tabbata a kanta.
3 - idan ta tsarkaka kafin kwana arba’in, sannan sai jinin ya dawo mata, to sai ta duba ta gani :
A) Idan ta san jinin biqi ne, to jinin biqi ne.
B) In kuma ta san ba jinin biqi ba ne, to ta zama mai tsarki.
4 - Jini ba ya zama na biqi har sai abin da mace ta haife halittarsa ta bayyana, idan ta yi vari, wanda halittarsa ta mutum bata bayyana ba, to tana da hali uku :
A) Hakan ya zama ya faru kafin kwana arba'in xin farko da samun cikin, to wannan jinin jinin cuta ne, sai ta yi wanka ta yi sallah ta yi azumi.
B) Ya zama ta yi varin bayan kwana tamanin, wannan jinin biqi ne.
C) Ya zama tsakanin kwana arba'in da tamanin, to sai a duba, idan alamun halitta sun bayyana, to wannan jinin biqi ne, in kuwa halittar bata bayyana ba to jinin cuta ne.
Abin Da Ya Haramta Ga Mai Haila Da Jinin Biqi
1 – Saduwa
Saboda faxin Allah Maxaukakin Sarki “Suna tamabayarka (hukuncin) jinin al’ada, ka ce qazanta ne, ku nisanci mata a cikin haila, kada ku kusance su har sai sun tsarkaka, idan sun tsarkaka ku zo musu da inda Allah ya umarce ku, haqiqa Allah yana son masu tuba, yana son masu yin tsarki”. (Albaqara : 222).
Da faxin Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) yayin da wannan ayar da sauka : “Ku yi komai (da matanku masu haila) amma banda saduwa” [Muslim ne ya rawaito shi].
1 - Wanda ya sadu da matarsa tana al’ada, to yayi laifi, kuma kaffara ta kama shi, ita ma matar kaffara ta kama ta, in da yardarta aka yi.
Kaffarar ita ce, sadaka da dinare ko rabin dinare, saboda hadisin Abdullahi xan Abbas - Allah ya yarda da shi - daga Annabi ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) dangane da wanda ya sadu da matarsa tana haila, ya ce, “Ya yi sadaka da dinare ko rabin dinare” [Abu Dawud ne ya rawaito shi].
Dinare shi ne giram 4, 25 na zinare.
2 - Idan jinin mai haila ya xauke, kada mijinta ya sadu da ita har sai ta yi wanka, saboda faxin Allah Maxaukakin Sarki : “Kada ku kusance su har sai sun tsarkaka” (Al-Baqara : 222)
wato idan suka tsarkaka daga jini, sannan sai Allah ya ce, “Idan suka tsarkaka” (Al-Baqara : 222)
Ma'ana suka yi wanka, sannan sai Allah ya ce, “Ku zo musu da inda Allah ya umarce ku” (Al-Baqara : 222) wato saduwa.
2 – Sallah
Saboda faxin Annabi ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “Idan hailarki ta fuskanto, to ki bar sallah, idan ta wuce, ki wanke jinin ki yi sallah” [Abu Dawud ne ya rawaito shi].
1 - Mace ba za ta rama sallah ba idan ta samu tsarki, saboda abin da ya tabbata daga Aisha - Allah ya yarda da ita - ta ce, lokacin da aka tambaye ta dangane da mai haila tana rama azuma amma ba ta rama sallah, «Jinin haila yana samun mu, sai a umarce mu, mu rama azumi, amma ba a umartar mu da rama sallah” [Bukhari da Muslim ne suka rawaito shi].
2 - Idan mai haila ta riski lokacin sallah daidai gwargwadon raka'a xaya cikakkiya, to ya wajaba a kanta ta yi wannan sallah, ta riski farkon lokaci ne ko qarshensa.
Idan kuwa ta riski lokacin da ba zai isa ta yi raka'a guda cikakkiya ba, to sallar ba ta wajaba a kanta ba, saboda faxin Manzon Allah ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “Wanda ya riski raka’a xaya daga sallah to ya riski sallah” [Bukhari da Muslim ne suka rawaito shi].
3 - Azumi
Saboda faxin Annabi ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “Ashe, ba idan mace tana al’ada bata sallah da azumi ba? Sai muka ce, “haka ne” [Bukhari ne ya rawaito shi].
Idan mai haila ta tsarkaka kafin asuba, sai ta yi azumi to azuminta ya yi, koda kuwa ba ta yi wanka ba sai bayan asuba.
4 - Tava Alqur’ani
Saboda faxin Allah Maxaukakin Sarki : “Ba waxanda suke shafarsa sai masu tsarki” (Al-waqi’a : 79).
Da faxin Annabi ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “Kada wanda ya shafi Alqur’ani sai mai tsarki” [Malik ne ya rawaito shi a cikin «Muwaxxa”].
5 - Yin Xawafi a Ka’aba
Saboda faxin Annabi ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) ga Aisha – Allah ya yarda da ita – yayin da ta yi haila a wurin aikin hajji : “Ki yi abin da kowane alhaji yake yi, amma kada ki yi xawafi ga Ka’aba, har sai kin tsarkaka” [ Bukhari da Muslim ne suka rawaito shi].
Da hadisin Ibnu Abbas – Allah ya yarda da shi – ya ce, “An umarce mutane xawafi ga Ka’aba ya zama shi ne qarshen barinsu da ka’abah, sai dai an yi rangwame ga mace mai haila” [ Bukhari da Muslim ne suka rawaito shi].
6 - Zama a Masallaci sai dai ga wanda zai wuce
Saboda faxin Allah Ta’ala “Yaku waxanda suka yi imani kada ku kusanci sallah alhali kuna cikin maye, har sai kun san abin da kuke faxa, haka ma mai janaba, sai dai wanda zai wuce ta hanya, har sai kun yi wanka”. (An-nisa’i : 43).
Da faxin Annabi ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “Ba na halatta shiga masallaci ga mai haila da mai janaba” [Abu Dawud ne ya rawaito shi].
1 - Ba laifi mai haila ta wuce ta cikin masallaci idan ta yi taka-tsantsan, kuma ba za ta vata masallacin ba, saboda faxin Allah Maxaukakin Sarki “Sai ga wanda zai qetare hanya” (Annisa’I : 43).
2 - Ya haramta mai haila ta zauna a filin idi, saboda faxin Annabi ( صلى الله عليه وسلم ) “Masu haila su nisanci wurin sallar (idi)” [Bukhari da Muslim ne suka rawaito shi]
7 - Saki
Haramun ne sakin mace tana cikin haila, saboda faxin Allah Ta’ala “Yaku waxanda suka yi imani idan zaku saki mata ku sake su a kan iddarsu” (At-Talaq : 1).
Abin da ake nufi ku sake a halin da za su fuskanci idda sananniya yayin da aka yi sakin.
Idan an sake mai haila, sakin ya yi, duk da cewa haramun ne kuma bidi’a ne.