Darasin physics game da circular motion - Makala - Bakandamiya
Darasin physics game da circular motion
Posted by Abu Ubaida Adamu Jun 13 - Filed in Ilimin Kimiyya - #physics #kimiyya da fasaha #circular motion #friction - 318 views
A makalar mu ta yau, zamu yi kokari gurin fahimtar da dalibai, mene ne circular motion sa’annan mu kawo mathematical problems da amsar su kamar yadda za’a gani anan gaba. A karshen wanna makala ga kalmomin da dalibai ya kamata su lura da su; ANGULAR VELOCITY (ω), FREQUENCY (f), PERIOD (T), CENTRIPETAL DA CENTRIFUGAL ACCELERATIONS.
Amma kafun mu fara magana akan circular motion, ga karashin bayani kan FRICTION. Mun fara Magana akan friction ne a wannan makalar ta mu da ta gabata, za ku iya dubawa kafin mu ci gaba.
GA KARIN MISALAI GAME DA FRICTION
Misali na uku: A wooden block whose weight is 50N, rest on a rough horizontal plane surface. if the limiting friction is 20N. Calculation the coefficient of static friction.
Solution: Anan ance weight na wood din 50N, wanda yana dai dai da normal reaction, wato R = mg = 50N, sai kuma F = 20N muna neman µ = ? fomular kuma
Misali na hudu: A metal block of mass 5kg lies on a rough horizontal platform. If a horizontal
Force of 8N applied to the block through its center of mass just slides the block on the
platform. Calculate the coefficient of limiting friction between the block and the platform. (g
ANFANI DA ILLOLIN FRICTION (AVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF FRICTION)
ANFANIN FRICTION (ADVANTAGES)
Locomotion, yana bamu dama mu yi tafiya ba tare da muna faduwa ba.
Enhances fastening, wato yana bada dama a iya daure noti (nut) ko kuma a iya buga kusa a jikin katako.
Blending, yana bada dama gurin yin nika ko markade kaman markaden tattasai, ko nikan garin masara a inji.
Making Fire, friction ne ya ke bada dama a kyatta ashana wuta ya kama.
ILLOLIN FRICTION (DISADVANTAGES)
Wearing, ya na daga cikin illolin friction, saka abu ya shude.
Tearing/cutting, ya na sa abu ya karye ko ya gutsure.
Reduces efficiency of machines, ya na sa abu ya bar aiki yadda ya kamata ko don jikin abun ya shude ko ya gutsure.
Generation of undesirable heat and noise, friction na sa abu ya rika yawan zafi ko saurin zafi da ma yin kara.
HANYOYIN RAGE FRICTION (METHODS OF REDUCING FRICTION)
Lubrication, ana iya rage illolin friction ne ta hanyar anfani da mai ko powder (wato application of oil and powder)
Use of belt and chain drives, ta hanyar anfani da belt na roba ko na karfe.
Smoothing/polishing, ta hanyar maida waje ko abu mai friction yin laushi ko sheki.
Kamar yadda bayani ya gabata circular motion, motion ne wadda object (misali mota, mashin ko mutum) ya ke zagaya circle (misali shataletale). A Turanci zamu iya kawo shi kamar haka, circular motion is the motion of a body around a circle. The simplest form of circular motion is the UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION, where the speed is constant, but the direction is changing.
Abinda zamu lura da shi daga definition na circular motion shine, ‘direction’ na canzawa, to shi wannan canji a ‘direction’ yana jawo ‘acceleration’ da ke bada karfinsa zuwa ga ‘centre of the circle’ wanda ake kira, CENTRIPETAL ACCELERATION. Tunda shi ‘object’ ai yana da mass, yana iya zagaya CIRCLE ko kewaye CIRCLE saboda FORCE da zai rika tura shi zuwa ga CENTRE na wannan CIRCLE da ya ke kewayawa, sunan force din CENTRIPETAL FORCE. Sa’anan akwai wani force da ya ke opposing centripetal force wanda suke balancing juna (domin su yi dai-dai ) sai su bawa object din dama ya iya zagaya CIRCLE, shi kuma sunan sa CENTRIFUGAL FORCE.
KALAMAI MASU MUHIMMANCI
Angular Velocity (ω) : Anan tunda object din zagayawa ya ke yi, idan da zai tsaya a wani point (guri) zamu iya gani daga point da ya barin zuwa inda ya tsayan, zamu ga mun samu ANGLE, sai muce to ANGLE din a raba shi da lokaci da ya dauki object din ya yi tafiya. A kalmar Turanci angular velocity (ω) is defined as the ratio of angle turned through to the elapsed time. Kuma S. I Unit din angular velocity rad (ω) per second, rad/sec. Wanda mathematically zamu iya kawo shi kamar haka:
2. Tangential Velocity (V): Kamar yadda muka fahimta a baya shi wannan ana iya kiran sa linear velocity wanda a Turance munce, is the rate of change of displacement with time.
Idan muka sa equation (4) cikin equation(3b) zamu samu abu kaman haka
Haka kuma idan muka sa equation (2) cikin equation (5) shima zamu samu equation kamar haka
Idan muka lura da equation (6) zamu ga ‘t’ zai kace ‘t’ sai equation din ya zama
Ku duba darasi akan speed velocity da kuma acceleration
Centripetal Acceleration (a): kamar yadda bayani ya gabata zamu iya kawo shi a Turance: This can be defined as the acceleration of a body in uniform circular motion whose direction is towards the centre of the circle. Wanda mathematically zamu iya kawo shi kamar haka:
Amma tunda V = rω, kamar yadda yake a equation (7) idan muka sa shi cikin equation (8) zamu samu
Frequency: Shi kuma yana nufin numba na CIRCLE da ‘object’ ya zagaya a cikin second daya, wato is the number of complete circle per second, wanda mathematically ana iya kawo shi kamar haka
Ta yadda ‘T’ ke nufin period.
Period: Yana nufin lokaci da ya dauki objec, yayi zagaya so daya kacal. Wato it’s time taken for an object to make a complete circle or revolution.
Ta yadda v = velocity, r = radius of the circle.
Misali na farko : A stone of mass 2kg is attached to the end of an inelastic string and whirled round
Two times in a horizontal circular path of radius 3m in 3sec, find:
ii.Linear velocity
iii.Centripetal acceleration
iv.Centripetal force
v.Centrifugal force
Solution : Anan zamu fitar da abubuwan da aka bamu daga tambayan mass, M = 2kg, radius, r = 3m, time, t = 3sec. Kuma ya kamata mu sani dutsen ya yi zagaye biyu ne, n = 2 , idan zagaye daya ne = 360ᶱ ko kuma 2π , amma anfi anfani da π akan degree(ᶱ). Yanzu zamu fara amsan tambaya. Zamu kuma iya gane cewa π = 180ᶱ wanda a zagaye biyun nan muna da 720ᶱ ko kuma 4π.
v. Centrifugal force, F tunda mun san shi yana nan kamar centripetal force ne sai dai yana daukan negative(-) wato F = -mrω = -2×3×(1.33π) = -10.62π N Wannan shine ban ban cin dake tsakanin su
Misali Na Biyu: A stone tied to a string is made to revolve in a horizontal circle of radius, 4m with angular speed for 2rad/sec. With what tangential velocity will the stone be off the circle if the string cuts? (SSCENOV.,1989).
Solution: a wannan tambaya an bamu radius , r = 4m, angular velocity/speed, ω = 2rad/sec. Kuma ana neman v = ?, tunda mun san v = rω = 4×2 = 8m/s
Ku duba wannan Makala cikin Turanci mai suna, Uniform circular motion and centripetal acceleration review
Define angular velocity and derive the formula.
A particle of makes 240 revolution per minute on a circle of radius 2m. Find (i) its period (ii) its angular velocity (iii) its linear velocity (iv) its acceleration.
A particle of mass, 2.5×10 kg revolving around the earth has a radial acceleration of 4×10 ms . What is the centripetal force of the particle (SSCE, NOV.,1990)
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