﻿ da lokacin saukar da kur'ani ta sauka lokaci daya da kuma ta sauka a hankali ahankali zuwa yau shaikara nawa ne? - Taskar Amsoshi - islamquest
Ranar Isar da Sako: 2007/05/14
Lambar Shafin fa1017	Lambar Bayani 30132
Sauko da kur'ani a cikin zuciyar manzon Allah mai tsira da aminci alokaci daya {daf'i} tabbas ya faru ne a cikin dare na lailatulgadari {daya daga cikin darare na watan azumi mai alfarma}.
Idan akai bincike a cikin ruwayoyi da kuma dalilai, za 'a iya samun tabbacin cewa daren lailatulgadari shi ne dare na ashirin da ukku na watan azumi. Saukowar kur'ani na lokaci daya ya afkune kusan kwana hamsin da shidda bayan aiko manzo Allah a matsayin annabi.
Akwai bambamcin mahanga akan saukowar kur'ani alokaci daya, sai dai akwai wasu dalilai guda biyu da sukafi muhimmanci kamar haka;
1} saukowar kur'ani ta lokaci daya ta farune da lokacin aiko ma manzon Allah mai tsira da aminci a matsayin annabi kuma ta cigaba har zuwa karshen rayuwar sa mai tsira da aminci. A bisa mahangar da ta shahara, an aiko manzon Allah ne a ranar 27 ga watan rajaf wanda yai dai dai da 1 ga watan febreru na shaikara 610 miladi, kuma yabar duniya a ranar 28 ga watan safar shaikaru sha daya bayan hijira.
2} ko dayake alokacin aiko da manzo wasu ayoyin sun sauka, amma saukowar kur'ani a hankali a hankali a matsayin littafin sama, ta faru ne shaikara ukku bayan tayar da manzon Allah mai tsira da aminci, kuma ta fara ne a cikin daren lailatulgadari har zuwa karshen rayuwar sa mai aminci.
Saboda haka idan muka lura da cewa yanzu haka muna cikin watan febreru na shaikarar 2007 miladi. To zamu iya lissafawa shaikara nawa kenan daga ranar da kur'ani ya fara sauka a hankali a hankali ya zuwa yau.
Kamar yadda muka sani saukowar kur'ani ahankali ahankali ta farune a cikin daren lailatulgadari ne[1] kamar yadda kur'ani mai girma ke cewa[2]: watan azumi wata ne da a cikin sa ne aka saukar da kur'ani mai girma, saboda haka daren lailatulgadari yana cikin watan azumi ne.
Sai dai babu tabbacin cewa daren lailatulgadari wane dare ne daga cikin dararen watan azumi, akwai bambamcin mahanga dangane da hakan[3], sai dai a cikin bambamci mahangun wannan mahangar tafi karfi cewa daren ashirin da ukku shi ne daren lailatulgadari, domin ruwayoyi da dalilai masu yawa suna tabbatar da hakan[4].
Duk da haka ba atantance zamani da wannan muhimmin abu ya afku ba. Sai dai ana cewa: duk da cewa daren lailatulgadari sahine daren saukar kur'ani a cikin duniyar samuwa, amma kuma ana lissafa shi a daren da manzo Allah yai mi'iraji; saboda kur'ani yana a cikin ummulkitab, a wurin Allah madaukaki[5] wanda idan mutum baiyi mi'iraji ba ba zai samu damar darki da fahimta kur'ani a cikin ummulkitab ba[6]. Daga nan ne za'a fahimci cewa saukowar kur'ani ahankali ahankali ya farune ayayin da manzon Allah mai tsira da aminci ya isa ga wannan matakin na kamala.
Saboda haka muna iya tsammani cewa wannan saukar ta faru ne afarkon aiko da manzon Allah a matsayin annabi; wato kusan kwana hamsin da shidda bayan an tashe shi a matsayin ma aiki.
Wannan lissafin in anyi la'akari da cewa lokacin aiko manzon Allah tsira da aminci Allah su tabbata gare shi da iyalan sa, wato 27 ga watan rajaf zuwa 23 ga watan azumin ramalan wato daren lailatulgadari da kuma lissafin watanin rajaf da sha'aban a matsayin kwana talatin.
Amma abunda ya shafi saukowa a hankali a hankali {kadan kadan} [7] na kur'ani mai girma wanda yake a lokaci daya da aiko manzon Allah, sakamakon sabani da ke akwai akan wane lokaci ne aka tayar da manzon Allah[8], don haka akwai sabani akan zamani saukowar kur'ani ahankali ahankali.
A mahanga wadda tafi shahara shi ne a ranar litinin 27 ga wata rajaf wanda yai dai dai da daya ga watan febreru shaikara ta 610 miladi a ka tayar da manzon Allah mai tsira da amincin Allah a matsayin annabi[9] a wannan lokaci ne aka saukar ma manzon Allah ayayo biyar na suratul alag[10]. Sannan saukowar sauran ayoyin sun riga zuwa ne a hankali a hankali har zuwa karshen rayuwar sa mai tsira da aminci kuma ya dauki shaikara ashirin da ukku.
Sai dai wasu suna da akidar cewa lokacin saukar da kur'ani ahankali ahankali a matsayin littafin sama da kuma lokacin tayar da manzon Allah a matsayin annabi akwai bambanci.ta mahangar su duk da cewa ayayi tayar da manzo ne aka saukar da aya biyar ta suratul alak. Sai dai alokacin ba a aiko shi a kan ya kira kowa da kowa zuwa ga addini ba. Sai bayan shaikara ukku da fara kira {wa'azi} a boye ne sannan ya fara kira a bayyane[11]. Daga wannan lokacin ne a ka fara rubuta kur'ani a matsayin littafin sama. duk da cewa tayar da manzo ta kasan ce ne a cikin watan rajaf, sai dai saukar kur'ani ahankali ta faru ne bayan shaikara ukku, da tayar da manzo kuma a cikin daren lailatulgadari na watan azumin ramalana[12].
Akwai ruwayar da take tabbatar da wannan akidar kamar haka; lokacin saukowar kur'ani ta kasance shaikara ashirin ne[13]. a bisa mahangar wadannan da akidar[14] su lokacin saukar kur'ani ahankali amatsayin littafin sama a shaikar ta hudu ce bayan tayar da manzon Allah a matsayin annabi; wato kusan shaikara ukku da kwana hamsin da shidda bayan tayar da ma aiki kuma ta ci gaba har zuwa karshen rayuwar sa mai tsira da aminci wato 28 ga watan safar shaikar sha daya ta hijira.
Daga karshe, idan aka lura da cewa shaikarar hijirar manzo zuwa yau kusan 1428 hijri, kuma tayar da manzo ya kasance shaikara sha ukku kafin hijira, idan muka dauki mahanga ta farko, farkon ayar da ta sauka kusan 1440 kamari ke nan; idan kuma mu ka dauki mahanga ta biyu, farkon ayar da ta sauka 1437 ne.
Wani abu wanda wasu masana tarihi suka rawaito, lokacin tayar da manzo Allah daya ga watan febreru ne na shaikarar 610 miladi daga wannan lokacin zuwa yau wato shaikara ta 2007 miladi, muna iya lissafin farkon ayar da ta sauka a bisa lissafin miladi.
[1] Dukkan, 3; gadari, 1 domin neman bayani aduba almizan jildi na 8, shafi na 130-134, jildi na2 shafi na 14-23 da kuma jildi na 13, shafi na 220-221
[3] Tarihin tabari jildi na 2, shafi na 300; sirata bin hisham, jildi na daya, shafi na 236-239-240; ayatullahi marifat, tamhid fi ulumul'kur'an, shafi na 100-129;ayatullahi khu'i, albayan jildi na daya, shafi na 224; majamul'bayan, jildi na 9 shafi na 61 da kuma jildi na 10, shafi na 518-520; tarihin abilfida, jildi na daya, shafi na 115; tarihin yakubi, jildi na 2, shafi na 17; sheikh tusi, albayan, jildi na 9 shafi na 224; Muhammad bin jarir tabari, jami'ulbayan, jildi na 25 shafi na 107 da kuma 108; almizan, jildi na 2, shafi na 29.
[4] Wasa'il shi'a, babi na 32 daga babobin hukunci watan azumi, jildi na 7 shafi na 262, jildi na 16; khasalu saduk, jildi na 2 shafi 102, Muhammad bakir hujjati bincike a cikin tarihin kur'ani, shafi na 38-62.
[5] Zukhraf, 4
[6] Ayatullahi jawadi, tafsirin mauzu'i, jildi na 3 shafi na 139-153.
[7] Isra'i, 106; furkan, 32; Muhammad 20; tauba 127; domin Karin bayani a duba almizan jildi na 2 shafi na 14-23
[8] Tarihin yakubi, jildi na 2, shafi na 17; tarihin alkhamis, jildi na 1 shafi na 280-281; tarihin abi algada'i jildi na 1 shafi na 14-23.
[9] Bincike a cikin tarihin kur'ani maigirma, shafi na 36 ;bahar, jildi na 18, shafi na 189, jildi na 21, ; furulkafi, jildi na 4, shafi na 149, jildi na 1da na 2 ;wasa'ilu shi'a, jildi na 7 shafi na 329, babi na 15 a cikin babin azumin mandub, siratulhalafi, jildi na daya shafi na 238; tamhid fi ulumul'kur'an, shafi na 100-107
Jildi na 18, shafi na 206 da jildi na 36.[10] Baiharul'anwar
[11] Hajar, 94; tafsirin kumi, shafi na 353 ;bihar, jildi na 18, shafi na 53, jildi na 7 shafi na 179, jildi na 10 shafi na 177, jildi na 4 shafi na 193 sai jildi na 29; wasa'il shi'a jildi na 7 shafi na 379; tarihin yakubi, jildi na daya shafi na 343 ;siratu hisham, jildi na 1 shafi na 280; almanakib, jildi na 1 shafi na 40; sheikh tusi, algaiba, shafi na 217.
[12] Majamaulbayan, jildi na 2 shafi na 276; al'itkan, jildi na 1 shafi na 40 ;tafsirin kabir imam razi, jildi na 5 shafi na 85; almanakib, jildi na 1 shafi na 150; sheikh mufid a cikin sharhin aka'id saduk, shafi na 58; sayid murtaza a cikin jawabin almasa'il altarabilisiyat alsalis, shafi na 403-405.
[13] Usulul kafi, jildi na 2 shafi na 628, jildi na 6 ; tafsirin ayash, jildi na 1 shafi na 80, jildi na 184; suduk, al'itikadat, shafi na 101; bihar, jildi na 18, shafi na 250, jildi na 3 shafi na 253; al'itkan, jildi na 1 shafi na 40-45; tafsirin shubair, shafi na 350; mustadikul'alhakim, jildi na 2, shafi na 610; asbabulnuzul, shafi na 3; bidayatulhikima da nihaya, jildi na 3 shafi na 4 ; tarihin yakubi, jildi na 2, shafi na 18.
[14] Tamhid fi ulumulkur'an, shafi na 100-129.
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