'Sayyadina Umar ya taba aika sako Daular Borno' - BBC News Hausa
Awwal Ahmad Janyau BBC Hausa Abuja
https://www.bbc.com/hausa/labarai-43113238
Hakkin mallakar hoto Zanna Hassan Boguma
Image caption Shehun Borno na yanzu Abubakar Ibn Umar Garbai Elkanemi
Wannan makala ce da muka yi bayan da muka bukaci ku aiko tambayoyinku a kan tarihin daular Borno. BBC ta dauki lokaci don samo amsar tambayoyin naku daga wajen masana tarihi na Daular Borno:
Muhammad al-Amin ElKanemi ya kafa Daular Kanem ne a karni na 18, bayan kawar da daular Saifuwa wadanda sarakunanta suka yi mulki shekaru da dama.
BBC Hausa ta duba tarihin Daular Borno ta hanyar tattaunawa da Masana tarihi Alhaji Zanna Hassan Boguma daraktan da ke kula da al'amuran masarautu a Borno, da Farfesa Adam Muhammad Ajiri na sashen nazarin addinin Islama a Jami'ar Maiduguri, wadanda kuma suka yi kokarin amsa wasu tambayoyi da masu saurare suka aiko.
'Asalin kalmar Borno'
Tambaya ce da muka samu daga Umar Abubakar da Sani Garba da Ishaq Abubakar Kazaure
Rubuce-rubucen masana tarihi sun nuna cewa Kalmar Borno ta samo asali ne daga kalmomin Larabci, "Bahar Nur" wato ma'ana kogin haske.
Kuma saboda kasancewar Borno gidan Al Qur'ani gidan Musulunci ne dalilin ke nan da ya sa sarakunan farko suke kiranta "Bahar Nur", ma'ana kogin haske na musulunci.
Masanin tarihi Alhaji Zanna Hassan Boguma ya ce Ibn khaldun ya ambaci "Bahar Nur" a rubuce-rubucensa na tarihin musulunci a Afirka.
'Tushen Borno'
Tambaya ce da muka samu daga Umar Musa Dambam daga Bauchi a Najeriya da Buhari Yusuf da Abdulmumin Adamu da Ahmad Adamu Tamadina da Shu'aibu Idris Kofar fada Balangu a jihar Jigawa da Garba Saleh
Hakkin mallakar hoto Zanna Boguma/Borno Emirate
Image caption Shehu Umar Kura Ibn Shehu Muhammad Al-Amin Elkanemi sarki na biyu a Daular Elkanemi
Yemen ne asalin Kanurin da suka kafa mulki a Borno daga daular Saifuwa' a cewar Zanna Hassan Boguma.
'Borno a zamanin Sahabbai'
Tambaya ce da muka samu daga Jamilu Bagaraje da Magaji Rabiu da Abubakar Umar Usman da Nasir Abubakar Jaja
"Sarakunan Borno sun karbi malamai daga wajen Ibn Nafi a zamanin Sayyadina Umar RA."
Image caption Taswirar yankunan Tsohuwar Daular Borno
Sai dai Farfesa Adam Muhammad Ajiri ya ce Gwamnan daular Maghribi a arewacin Afirka Uqba Ibn Nafi yakinsa har ya kawo Borno a shekarar 666, kuma zamanin Khulafa'ur Rashidun ya fara ne daga 632 har zuwa 660.
"A lokacin akwai binciken da ya nuna daga shekarar 661 zuwa 670 akwai malamai daga daular Umayyad da suka shigo yankin Maghrib har suka iso Borno," in ji Farfesa Ajiri.
'Saifuwa a Borno da kafuwar ElKanemi'
Tambaya ce da muka samu daga Abdurahman Salisu Zaria da Abubakar Goni Kolo da Hassan Yarima K/Huguma da Baba Ali Kabir
Saifuwa su ne asalin sarautar Borno, kuma Zanna Boguma ya ce dalilin da ya sa ake kiransu Saifuwa saboda sun fito ne daga Said Ibn Dhi Yazan.
Hakkin mallakar hoto Zanna Hassan Boguma/Borno Emirate
Image caption Fadar Shehu Umar Sanda Kyarimi da Majalisarsa a Dikwa
"Tun zamanin Sarkin Saifuwa Mai Hume Djilme a wajajen 1080 aka fara daula ta musulunci har zuwa sauran sarakunan da aka yi", a cewar Zanna Boguma.
Sarakunan Saifuwakafin ElKanemi
Mai Ali Gaji Ibn Dunoma 1465-1497
Mai Idris Katagarma 1497-1519
Mai Muhammed Ibn Idris 1519-1538
Mai Ali Dinar Ibn Idris 1538-1538
Mai Dunoma Ibn Muhammad 1539-1557
Mai Abdallah Ibn Dunoma I 1557-1564
Mai Idris Alauma Ibn Ali II 1564-1596
Mai Muhammad Ibn Idris II 1596-1617
Mai Ibrahim Ibn Idris II 1617-1619
Mai Umar Ibn Idris II 1619-1639
Mai Ali Ibn Umar 1639-1677
Mai Idris Ibn Ali 1677-1696
Mai Dunoma II Ibn Ali 1686-1715
Mai Hamdu Ibn Ali 1715-1729
Mai Muhammad Ibn Hamdu 1729-1744
Mai Dunoma III Ibn Muhammad 1744-1747
Mai ALi Ibn Hamdu 1747-1792
Mai Ahmad III Ibn Ali 1792-1808
Mai Dunoma Ibn Ahmad 1808-1811
Mai Muhammad Ngeleruma 1811-1814
Mai Dunoma na biyar Ibn Ahmad 1814-1817
Mai Ali Ibn Ibrahim (Minargema) 1846-1846
Image caption 1809 - Kasuwar Kukawa a tsohuwar Borno
"Idan an hada shekaru kusan 800 na Daular Saifuwa da shekaru sama da 200 zai kasance shekarun daular Borno sama da 1000."
Masanin tarihi Zanna Boguma ya ce lakabin sarautar Borno ya sauya daga "Mai" ma'ana "Sarki" zuwa "Shehu" bayan kafuwar ElKanemi, sabanin sarakunan farko.
Image caption Shehu Abubakar Garbai Kakan Shehun Borno na yanzu Abubakar Ibn Umar Garbai
"Bayan ElKanemi ya samu mulkin Borno, daga nan ne ya ce shi ba zai amince a kira shi da "Mai" ba saboda shi malami ne".
"Don haka ya ce zai kira kansa a matsayin Shehu, wato Malami, inda ya hada mulki da malamanta", a cewar Zanna Boguma.
Ya kuma ce: "Wannan ne dalilin da ya sa duk wadanda suka zama sarakuna a Borno ake kiransu Shehu daga gidan El Kanemi."
'Sarakunan El Kanemi'
Tambaya ce da muka samu daga Naziri Aliyu Abubakar da Hussaini Aminu da Mohammed Mala Ngarannam da Abdullahi Bala da Shafi'u Idris Umar da muhammad Ali
Shehu Mohammed Al-Amin Elkanemi 1814-1846
Shehu Umar Kura Dan Shehu Mohammed Elkanemi 1835-1853
Shehu Abdul Rahman Ibn Muhammad Elkanemi 1853-1854
Shehu Umar Kura Ibn Muhammad Elkanemi 1854-1880
Shehu Bukar Zarami Kura Ibn Umar 1880-1884
Shehu Ibrahim Ibn Umar 1884-1885
Shehu Hashimi Ibn Umar 1885-1893
Shehu Kyari Ibn Bukar Zarami 1893-1894
Shehu Sanda Limananbe Wuduroma Ibn Bukar Zarami 1894-?
Hakkin mallakar hoto Zanna Bugoma/Borno Emirate
Image caption Daular Borno ta yi zama a karkashin turawan Birtaniya da Jamus
'Wanene Rabeh?'
Tambaya ce da muka samu daga Sani Ali da Nura Bala da ahmad Adam Bagas Minna da Adam Musa Ladan Fulata
Rabeh Zubair Ibn Fadlallah mutum ne da ya taso daga Sudan, wanda ke sana'ar fataucin bayi, inda yake saye ya kuma sayar da bayi.
"Rabeh Zubair Ibn Fadlallah ne ya rushe tsohuwar daular Borno bayan ya kaddamar da yaki kuma ya samu galabar kwace iko ya mayar da Dikwa a matsayin babban birnin daularsa".
Hakkin mallakar hoto BBC/Zanna Hassan Boguma
Image caption Sarakunan Borno bayan kashe Rabeh
'Tsarin sarautar Borno'
Tambaya ce da muka samu daga Aminudden Ali Dan Hassan
An kafa masarautar Borno da al'adunta ne a kan tsari na musulunci.
Hakkin mallakar hoto Hassan Zanna Bugoma
Image caption Shehu Umar Ibn Abubakar Garbai Elkanemi mahaifin Shehun Borno na yanzu
"Mutanen sun hada da Malam Muhammed Terab da Malam Ahmad Gonimi da Ibrahim Wadaima da Aji Sudani wadanda suka taimaka masa wajen shinfida tsari na shari'a da adalci a Borno".
Amma ya ce bisa tsari na al'ada Borno tana da tsarin sarautu 3,333, wadanda suka kunshi na 'ya'yan gidan sarki da fadawa da bayi da na Malamai.
Sannan akwai sarautu na sana'o'i kamar na wanzanci da kira da rini.
'Yadda ake zaben Sarki a Borno'
Idan Sarki ya rasu, bayan an yi jana'izarsa za a sanar da hukuma a rubuce cewa Sarki ya rasu.
"Masu zaben sabon Sarki guda bakwai ne da suka hada da Shettima Kanuribe da Shettima Kuburibe da Yarima da Kaigama da Mallam Terab" a cewar Zannah Boguma.
'Ko Daular Usmaniya ta yaki Daular Borno?'
Tambaya ce da muka samu daga Abdulmajid Abubakar da Muhammd Yusuf da Umar Abubakar Zamfara da Mudassiru Yusuf S/Fada da Kamal Y Iyantama da Ahmed Rufa'i Abdullahi da Musa Yayan Baba
Malam Goni Muktar ya rubutawa Danfodio wasika yana son a ba shi tuta, yana ganin Borno na bukatar a kaddamar da yaki na jihadi saboda a ganinsa akwai wasu abubuwan da ake yi na al'adu.
"Amma bayan yakin, El Kanemi ya rubutawa Danfodio da takarda cewa bai kamata a yaki Borno ba domin kasa ce ta musulunci da sarakunanta", a cewar Zanna Boguma.
"A cikin wasikar El kanemi ya nuna cewa yakin da aka kaddamar ba jihadi ba ne illa neman mulki da son duniya".
"Daga baya Danfodio da El Kanemi sun dawo sun fahimci juna inda suka amince kuma suka tabbatar da cewa babu abin da ke tsakaninsu illa aminci da 'yan uwantaka ta addinin musulunci".
"Hakan ya sanya da aka yi bikin cika shekaru 200 da kafuwar Daular Usman Danfodio muka ce bai shafe mu ba, sai mu muka yi bikin shekaru 1000 da kafuwar daular musulunci ta Borno".