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Irinin tauraron dan adam - Tarihi na Satellites Domin samun ƙarin haɓaka a cikin karfin aiki tare da farashi mafi ƙasƙanci, bincike a wurin sadarwa ya taso. Don haka ne ra'ayin tallan tauraron dan adam ya bayyana jim kadan bayan yakin duniya na biyu, saboda haɗuwa da fasaha guda biyu (missiles da microwaves). A sarari shekaru fara a 1957 tare da ƙaddamar da farko wucin gadi da tauraron dan adam Sputnik na daga cikin FSU, wanda aka ɗauke da rediyo mashirya wanda ake jefarwa wata sigina a mitoci 20 da 40 MHz. wannan siginar za a iya karɓa ta hanyar masu karɓa mai sauƙi a ko'ina cikin duniya yin gwajin farko na watsawa da karɓar sakonni daga sarari.
Halaye na tauraron dan adam Siffar da ta fi dacewa ita ce rarrabuwa na hidimomin da aka bayar ta hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar tarho ta hanyar sadarwa, ana amfani da adadin sararin samaniya don kafa tsattsauran nisa. Wani nau'i na tauraron dan adam shine cewa suna da ikon tarawa ko yada sigina daga ko zuwa wurare dabam dabam maimakon a aika daga wani aya zuwa wani.
Menene tauraron dan adam? Yana da na'urar lantarki wanda ke cikin sararin samaniya, yana karɓar sakonni da aka haifa a cikin ƙasa, yana ƙarfafa su kuma ya aika da su zuwa duniya. Wani tauraron dan adam shine duk wani abu wanda yake motsawa a kewaye ko yayi wa wani abu wasa. Alal misali, watã wata tauraron dan adam ne na duniya, kuma ƙasa tana tauraron tauraron rana.
Ta yaya aikin tauraron dan adam ke aiki? Rundunar rediyo ta "A" ta tura siginar da ta karɓa ta hanyar tauraron dan adam. Sararin tauraron dan adam ya fadada shi kuma ya sake dawo da shi nan da nan. Kamfanin radiyo mai suna "B" yana karɓar shi kuma ya amsa. Don haka fara sadarwa ta tauraron dan adam. Satellite sadarwa suna aiki a matsayin Relay Stations a sarari. Ana amfani da su don aika saƙonni daga wani ɓangare na duniya zuwa wani. Wadannan saƙonni zasu iya zama kiran wayar, hotuna hotuna, ko ma Intanit. Sararin tauraron sadarwa kamar EchoStar suna cikin haɗari na geosynchronous (geo = duniya + synchronous = motsi a daidai lokacin). Wannan yana nufin cewa tauraron dan adam ya kasance a kowane wuri a ƙasa. Yankin a duniya wanda zai iya "Dubi" ana kiransa layin saitunan tauraron dan adam.
Dabaru Satellites:
Ta hanyar hagu:
Ø Satellites na hawan geostationary orbit. Lokacin da sararin samaniya ne a Equatorial jirgin sama na duniya a nesa na kimanin 36000Km (daidai 5,6 da radius daga ƙasa), kuma saboda haka, da orbital lokaci ne daidai da daidai lokacin da juyawar duniya (ie, 23 h, 56 min da 4s), da aka sani da sidereal rana, sa'an nan mu ce cewa kewayewa ne geostationary da tauraron dan adam da kuma guje, ta hanyar wannan kewayewa ne geostationary tauraron dan adam. Wadannan sune farkon mafita don sadarwa ta hanyar sadarwa, kuma kusan dukkanin tauraron dan adam da ake amfani dashi a yau don sadarwa ta hanyar kamfanoni na kamfanonin GEO ne. Aikace-aikace masu amfani da waɗannan tauraron dan adam suna da fifiko-zuwa-multipoint da kuma zane-zane-zane.
Ø Ƙananan sararin samaniya (LEO).Leo da tauraron dan adam suna located in low falakinsu, na 1.500 km a kan talakawan, amma zai iya zama tsakanin 200 da 2000 km, da orbital lokaci suna daga cikin 90 da 120 minti. Wadannan falakinsu jikkata da aka yi amfani da a farkon zamanin na fasaha na tauraron dan adam sadarwa kamar yadda daya daga cikin matakai don rufe su isa matuƙar manufa a lokacin, shi ne geostationary da tauraron dan adam, a lokacin da tukuna akwai kasa wajen cimma jefa wuta da ake bukata don sanya tauraron dan adam a cikin 360000 Kusa da tsayin daka zuwa haɗari.
Don manufarsa:
Ø Sararin samaniya.
Ø Sararin tauraron meteorological.
Ø Satin kewayawa.
Ø Satellite sadarwa.
Ø Satellite da 'yan leƙen asiri.
Ø Ham satan gidan rediyo.
Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani
Ø Nan da nan da kuma dukkanin manyan wuraren yankuna, wanda ya bambanta da tsarin ƙasa mai kyau, da jinkirin aiwatarwa.
Ø Akwai yiwuwar zama mai zaman kanta daga nesa da matsalolin dabi'a kamar duwatsu, da dai sauransu.
Ø Rigon tauraron dan adam suna da jinkirin jinkirta jinkirin, raƙuman ruwa, dusar ƙanƙara da raƙuman ruwa suna shawo kan tashoshin ƙasa, suna fama da radiyo, microwave da kuma tsangwama.
Ø Adadin kuɗi.
Ø Lokacin rayuwa.
Ø Matsalar shari'a.
Satellite Ta ƙunshi cibiyar tsakiya da kuma wajibi na cibiyar sadarwar ta hanyar abin da ƙungiyoyi na haɗin kai suka wuce. A wannan mahimmanci, ana iya la'akari da shi azaman hanyar nodal na cibiyar sadarwa. Babban ayyuka na tauraron sadarwar sadarwa kamar haka: Ø Amplify sakonni masu ɗaukar karɓa don karɓa a kan downlink. Ø Canji na mita na siginonin mai ɗaukar hoto don kauce wa matsalolin tsangwama Ø Sararin tauraron yana kunshe da nauyin nauyin da kuma dandamali. Ø Kyautattun kayan aiki yana kunshe da antenn karɓa da watsawa, da kuma kayan lantarki wanda ke tallafawa watsawar siginonin mai ɗaukar bayanai. Ø Wannan dandali yana ƙunshe da dukkanin hanyoyin da ke ba da izini don yin aiki.
Sakamakon fasaha na tauraron dan adam!
Samun bayanan da suka samu daga duniya
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